B 427987
1X76
INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION
PHILADELPHIA *
BRITISH SECTION
CATALOGUE
WITH COMMERCIAL GUIDE

PRESENTED TO
THE LIBRARY
OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
Byk Juke of Richmond & Gorden.
18.
1877

T
875
GI
67
University of ellichigan
Ann Arbor, ellich

2.
With the Compliments of
His Grace The Duke of
Aichmond Flsordonkly



D

-3

جهم
MARCUS WARD & CO.,
INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1876.
BRITISH COMMISSION - STAFF QUARTERS,
FAIRMOUNT PARK,
PHILADELPHIA.
LONDON & BELFAST.


Gt. Brit. Executive commission,
12633
Philadelphia exhibition, 1876,
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION,
1876.
OFFICIAL CATALOGUE
OF THE
BRITISH SECTION.
PART
I.

Published by Authority of the Lord President of the Council.
DIED: ET
ONI-SO
TOU
ONDROIT
London:
PRINTED BY GEORGE E, EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.
FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE.
Price in America 50 cents, in England 28.
1876.


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SWIMLENS AD THE CODEME MORI EZGİTKİ JANUA
BEIMLED EX OBOUCE F FIRE VAD ANTIVIL BLOLLIB/OODS
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81


TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
BRITISH COMMISSION AND EXECUTIVE STAFF
FINE ART COMMITTEE
5
6
NAMES OF PROPRIETORS OF OBJECTS OF FINE ART LENT FOR EXHIBITION
7
AMERICAN AND COLONIAL COMMISSIONERS
FOREIGN COMMISSIONERS
11
16
GENERAL REGULATIONS
25%
DIGEST OF REGULATIONS FOR FOREIGN EXHIBITORS GOVERNING THE FREE IMPORTATION
of Goods
27
SYSTEM OF AWARDS AND THE SELECTION AND APPOINTMENT OF JUDGES
EXHIBITIONS: THEIR ORIGIN AND PROGRESS
2283
29
33
NAMES OF FIRMS WHO HAVE LENT, OR PROVIDED FREE OF CHARGE, OBJECTS FOR THE USE
OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMISSION
73
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS
105
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS REPRESENTED BY EXHIBITORS
123
CATALOGUE ENTRIES IN CLASSES
139
SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS
253
COLONIAL SECTION.
BAHAMAS
303
BERMUDAS
BRITISH GUIANA
CEYLON AND STRAITS SETTLEMENTS
JAMAICA
GOLD COAST COLONY
MAURITIUS
NEW ZEALAND
QUEENSLAND
SEYCHELLES ARCHIPELAGO
TASMANIA
TRINIDAD
VICTORIA
307
310
311
313
314
317
320
336
384
385
392
401
Zmieni

36714.
A 2




PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1876.
BRITISH SECTION.
UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE LORDS OF THE COMMITTEE OF PRIVY
COUNCIL ON EDUCATION.
HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF RICHMOND AND GORDON, K.G.,
LORD PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL.
THE VISCOUNT SANDON, M.P., VICE-PRESIDENT.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONERS.
COLONEL HERBERT B. SANDFORD, R.A. | PROF. THOS. C. ARCHER, F.R.S.E.
A. J. R. TRENDELL, Secretary.
STAFF.
14
Superintendent, Industrial Space
Superintendent, Fine Arts -
Superintendent, General Machinery
Superintendent, Agriculture and Horticulture
Assistant General Superintendent, and Engineer
Assistant Superintendent, Catalogue and Official
Publications -
Financial Clerk
Assistant for Machinery
Clerical Assistant
(India Section)
Ditto
Ditto
Clerical Assistant
Ditto
Ditto
Ditto
Ditto
Registrar
(Passenger and Transport Arrange-
ments)
T. A. WRIGHT.
JOSEPH MIDDLETON JOPLING.
JOHN ANDERSON, LL.D.
B. T. BRANDRETH GIBBS.

J. H. CUNDall.
HUGH WILLOUGHBY SWENY.
FREDERICK J. HODGKINSON.
E. E. COOPer.
ERNEST CHARRINGTON.
J. M. BRETT.
H. A. P. ROOKE.
J. W. SMITH.
B. BAGGETT.
H. F. CORBY.
W. J. LLOYD.
F. M. BRYANT,
L. A. RITTMAN.

6
Messenger and Copyist
Sergeant J. Wright.
Corporal J. SNelling.
4
SAMUEL ALford.
ROYAL ENGINEERS.
Both Corporal E. WHITEHEAD.
Sapper W. CRIGHTON (Queensland).
Corporal J. OWEN (India).
METROPOLITAN POLICE.
Active Force.
Inspector C. HAGEN.
Sergeant GILES.
Sergeant WINCKLER.
Chief Inspector WILLIAM HOWland.
Inspector HENRY BECKERSON.
Sergeant THOMAS JOSEPH FIRMAN.
Sergeant WM. HY. MCNAMARA.
Sergeant THOMAS ROWE.
Pensioners.

Constables-GEORGE HENRY BLAKE.
SAMUEL DOble.
WILLIAM HOUSE.
WILLIAM LYONS.
HENRY ROOTS.
FINE ART COMMITTEE,
SIR FRANCIS GRANT, P.R.A., 27, Sussex Place, Regent's Park, N.W.
SIR JOHN GILBERT, A.R.A., Vanbrugh Park, Blackheath, Kent, President of the Society of Painters in
Water Colours.
HENRY W. F. BOLCKOW, Esq., M.P., 33, Prince's Gate, S.W.
FREDERICK W. BURTON, Esq., National Gallery, W.
P. H. CALDERON, R.A., Esa., 16, Grove End Road, St. John's Wood, N.W.
Alfred Clint, Esq., President of the Society of British Artists, 54, Lancaster Road, Kensington Park, W.
HENRY W. EATON, M.P., Esq., 16, Prince's Gate, S.W.
GEORGE FOX, Esa., Harefield, Wilmslow, Manchester.
ALBERT GRANT, Esq., 41, Queen's Gate Terrace, Kensington Gore, W.
LOUIS HAGHE, Esq., Fern Lodge, Stockwell Green, S., President of the Institute of Painters in Water
Colours.
HOLMAN HUNT, ESQ., 1, King Street, St. James's, S.W.
FREDERICK LEIGHTON, Esa., R.A., 2, Holland Park Road, Kensington, W.
THOMAS LUCAS, Esq., 12a, Kensington Palace Gardens, W.
W. CALDER MARSHALL, ESQ., R.A., 115, Ebury Street, S.W.mqtter? Fund warmth
JOHN E. MILLAIS, ESQ., R.A., 7, Cromwell Place, South Kensington, S.W.
VAL. PRINSEP, Esa., 1, Holland Park Road, Addison Road, Kensington, W.
RICHARD REDGRAVE, ESQ., R.A., 18, Hyde Park Gate, South, S.W.
WILLIAM SMITH, ESQ., F.S.A., 9, Southwick Street, Hyde Park, W.
J. MIDDLETON JOPLING, Secretary.

7
NAMES OF PROPRIETORS OF OBJECTS OF FINE ART LENT FOR EXHIBITION,
WITH THE NUMBERS IN THE FINE ART SECTION OF THE CATALOGUE.
OIL PAINTINGS.
HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN, 47, 63, 125, 188, 197.
AGNEW, MESSRS., & SONS, 5, Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London, 13, 31, 53, 62, 75, 115, 142, 167,
195, 196.
AKROYD, J., Esa., Broadwater Down, Tunbridge Wells, Kent, 72.
ALT, W. J., Esa., Woburn Park, Weybridge, Surrey, 158.
ANSDELL, RICHARD, ESQ., R.A., Lytham House, St. Alban's Road, Kensington, London, 1, 2.
ARCHER, J., Esq., R.S.A., 6, Bedford Gardens, Kensington, London, 5.
ARTS, THE SOCIETY OF, John Street, Adelphi, London, 7.
ASHBURTON, LADY LOUISA, Kent House, Knightsbridge, London, 89, 93.
BARNE, F., Esq., Dunwich, Yoxford, 106.
BARR, E. G., Esa., 76, Holland Park, London, 84.
BOLCKOW, H. W. F., Esq., M.P., 33, Prince's Gate, Hyde Park, London, 11, 43, 49.
BOLLANS, E., Esa., Ranelagh Works, Leamington, Warwickshire, 119.
BOUGHTON, G. H., Esa., Grove Lodge, Palace Gardens Terrace, Kensington, London, 138.
BOWMAN, W., Esq., F.R.S., 5, Clifford Street, Bond Street, London, 35.
BOWRING, JOHN, ESQ., Forest Farm, Windsor Forest, Berks, 38.
BRASSEY, THOMAS, ESQ., M.P., 24, Park Lane, London, 24.
If YAAPI
London, 174. IDWAY
BROGDEN, A., Esa., M.P., 51, Prince's Gate, Hyde Park, London, 58, 178.
BROWNLOW, THE EARL, 36, Belgrave Square, London, 10.
BUNTEN, J. C., Esq., 24, Park Circus, Glasgow, Scotland, 21.
BUXTON, E. N., Esq., Knighton, Buckhurst Hill, Essex, 157.
CAUTY, H. H., Esa., Highlight, Campden Hill, London, 16.
CLEMENT, CHARLES G., Esq., St. James's Lodge, Storey's Gate, Westminster,
CLINT, ALFRED, Esq., 54, Lancaster Road, Kensington Park, London, 19, 20.
COSENS, F. W., Esq., 27, Queen's Gate, South Kensington, London, 109.
CROSS, J. K., Esq., M.P., 35, Queen's Gate Terrace, London, 156.
CROWE, EYRE, Esq., 33, Langham Street, Great Portland Street, London, 32.skylt vrel
DEWHURST, HENRY, ESQ., Clough Hall, Far Town, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, 25.
DIBLEY, GEORGE, Esa., 133, King Henry's Road, St. John's Wood, London, 18, 193. # MADRON
DOBSON, W. C. T., Esq., R.A., Eldon House, Lyndhust Road, Hampstead, London, 36. „KOZTAMON
DONALDSON, ANDREW B., Esa., 10, Argyll Road, Kensington, London, 37.
ELMORE, ALFRED, ESQ., R.A., 1, St. Alban's Road, Kensington, London, 39, 40.
ELWES, H. THOMAS, ESQ., 72, Marine Parade, Brighton, Sussex, 143.
FENTON, J., Esq., Rochdale, Lancashire, 190.

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FIELD, W., Esq., East Heath Studio, Hampstead, London, 44.
nd Jongmál „Í, I JOITAZ
FIELDEN, J., Esq., M.P., Dobroyd Castle, Todmorden, Lancashire, 27, quod auT,200KARTIOX
FORSTER, THE RIGHT HONOURABLE W. E., M.P., 80, Eccleston Square, Pimlico, London, 185.
FOX, GEORGE, Esa., Harefield, Wilmslow, Manchester, Lancashire, 42, 113, 114, 139, 176.
FREAKE, CHARLES J., ESQ., 1, Cromwell Houses, South Kensington, London, 180.
FRITH, W. P., Esq., R.A., 7, Pembridge Villas, Bayswater, London, 137.
GAMBART, ERNEST, ESQ., Les Palmiers, Nice, France, 170.50 un
GIRARDOT, E. GUSTAVE, Esa., Upper Park Road, Haverstock Hill, London, 55.
GRANT, SIR FRANCIS, P.R.A., 27, Sussex Place, Regent's Park, London, 60.

8
GRAVES, MESSRS., & Co., 6, Pall Mall, London, 48.
HARDINGE, THE Viscount, 36, South Street, Park Lane, London, 59.
HERDMAN, R., Esq., R.S.A., St. Bernard's Bruntsfield Crescent, Edinburgh, 64.
HICKS, G. E., Esq., 36, Kensington Park Road, London, 67.
HILL, CAPTAIN, 53, Marine Parade, Brighton, Sussex, 111.
HILLS, THOMAS H., Esq., 45, Queen Ann Street, Cavendish Square, London, 90, 91.
HOWE, W., Esq., Leeds Mercury Office, Fleet Street, London, 30.
HOWELLS, HENRY C., Esq., 15, Warren Street, New York, U.S., 164.
HUNT, W. HOLMAN, Esq., 1, King Street, St. James's, London, 78.
JESSOP, THOMAS, Esq., J.P., Endcliffe Grange, Sheffield, Lancashire, 57, 74.
JOACHIM, HENRY, ESQ., 25, Phillimore Gardens, Kensington, London, 4.
JOHNSON, C. E., Esa., 34, Gloucester Road, Regent's Park, London, 80.
JOPLING, MRS. LOUISE, 8, Clareville Grove, South Kensington, London, 83.
KNIGHT, C. P., Esq., 5, Wetherell Place, Clifton, Bristol, Gloucester, 85.
KNOWLES, KAYE, Esq., Swinton Old Hall, near Manchester, Lancashire, 112.
LANCASTER, Mrs., 20, Phillimore Gardens, Kensington, London, 159.
LANCE, G. E., Esa., 1a, Brown's Buildings, Liverpool, Lancashire, 86.
LAWRENCE, E., Esa., 6, Lancaster Gate, London, 52.
LAURENCE, S., Esq., 6, Wells Street, Oxford Street, London, 92.
LEIGHTON, FREDERICK, ESQ., R.A., 2, Holland Park Road, Kensington, London, 99, 116, 182.
LEWIS, C. J., Esq., Cheyne House, Chelsea, London, 103, 104.
LEWIS, J. DELAWARE, ESQ., 30, Eaton Square, London, 168.
LEWIS, JOHN, Esq., Savile Hall, Halifax, Yorkshire, 82.
LIVERPOOL, THE CORPORATION OF, Liverpool, Lancashire, 6, 172.
LORD, SAMUEL, Esq., Oakleigh, Ashton-upon-Mersey, Cheshire, 160.
LOYD, L., Esq., Monk's Orchard, Bromley, Kent, 54.
MACCALLUM, A., Esa., 47, Bedford Gardens, Kensington, London, 107.
MACLAREN, W., Esa., Capri, near Naples, 108.
MARSDEN, A. M., Esa., King Street, St. James's, London, 8.
MARSDEN, ISAAC M., Esq., 23, Kensington Palace Gardens, London, 46.
MANCHESTER, THE DUKE OF, 1, Great Stanhope Street, Mayfair, London, 127, 149.
MATTHEWS, C. P., Esa., 23, Hertford Street, Mayfair, London, 73, 117.
MCEWEN, MRS., Mottingham Lodge, Mottingham, Kent, 9.
MILDMAY, BINGHAM, ESQ., 46, Berkeley Square, London, 98.
MILLAIS, JOHN EVERETT, ESQ., R.A., 7, Cromwell Place, South Kensington, London, 181.
MOORE, GEORGE, Esq., 15, Palace Gardens, Kensington, London, 28.
MORGAN, W. D., Esa., New York, U.S., 102.
MORRISON, ALFRED, ESQ., 16, Carlton House Terrace, London, 97.
MOXON, C., Esq., 29, Phillimore Gardens, Kensington, London, 128, 136.
MOZLEY, LEWIN, Esq., 88, St. James's Street, London, 95.
MUTRIE, MISS A. F., 36, Palace Gardens Terrace, Kensington, London, 121.
MUTRIE, Miss M. D., 36, Palace Gardens Terrace, Kensington, London, 122.
NAYLOR, J., Esq., Liverpool, Lancashire, 100.

NORTHBROOK, THE LORD, F.R.S., Governor-General of India, 4, Hamilton Place, Piccadilly,
London, 87, 88, 94.
O'DAY, F., Esq., St. Louis, U.S., 124.
O’NEIL, H., Esa., A.R.A., 7, Victoria Road, Kensington, London, 126.
OULESS, W. W., Esq., 43, Bloomsbury Square, London, 131.
PAINE, GEORGE, Esq., 48, Grosvenor Gardens, London, 147.
PAWLE, F. C., Esa., Northcote, Reigate, Surrey, 71.

PEACOCK, R., Esa., Gorton Hall, Manchester, Lancashire, 26.
PEELE, J. T., Esq., 230, Marylebone Road, London, 134.
PENDER JOHN, ESQ., M.P., 18, Arlington Street, London, 66.
PENN, J., Esq., The Cedars, Lee, Kent, 76.
PERUGINI, C. E., Esq., 141, Warwick Street, Pimlico, London, 135.
PILGERAM & LEFÈVRE, MESSRS., 1, King Street, St. James's, London, 56, 171.
PRINSEP, VAL. C., Esq., 1, Holland Park Road, Kensington, London, 148.
RAVEN, JOHN S., Esq., 6, Westbourne Park, London, 150.
REDGRAVE, RICHARD, ESQ., R.A., 18, Hyde Park Gate South, London, 151, 152.
REED, E. J., Esq., C.B., M.P., 74, Gloucester Road, South Kensington, London, 22.
RICHMOND, W. B., Esq., Beavor Lodge, Hammersmith, London, 154.
ROBERTS, M. O., Esa., New York, U.S., 140, 141.
ROUS, B., Esq., 43, Bloomsbury Square, London, 130.
ROYAL ACADEMY OF ARTS, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, 14, 23, 29, 33, 41, 50, 68, 110,
120, 123, 132, 153, 155, 162, 173, 189, 191, 192.
ROTHSCHILD, BARON LIONEL DE, 148, Piccadilly, London, 51.
RUSSELL, THE EARL, K.G., F.R.S., 37, Chesham Place, London, 61.
SCHLESINGER, HENRY, ESQ., 5, Kensington Park Gardens, London, 96.
SCHWABE, G. C., Esq., Yewden, Henley-on-Thames, Oxon, 12, 101, 166.
SHAWCROSS, W. F., Esa., Weybrook, Rochdale, Lancashire, 163.
SHERWOOD, JOHN H., Esq., New York, U.S., 65.
SMART, J., Esq., A.R.S.A., 4, Picardy Place, Edinburgh, 161.
SMITH, W. H., Esq., M.P., 2, Hyde Park Street, London, 169.
SOANES, TEMPLE, ESQ., 9, Palace Gate, Kensington, London, 175.
STEVENSON, ALEXANDER S., Esa., Tynemouth, Northumberland, 79, 133.
STEVENSON, J., Esa., Broomfields Cottage, Largs, Scotland, 15.
STIRLING, J., CAROLUS, Esq., 19, South Eaton Place, London, 34.
TAYLOR, THOMAS, ESQ., 19, Hyde Park Gardens, London, 45, 70.
TRIST, GRORGE, Esq., Eliot Lodge, Eliot Bank, Sydenham Hill, Surrey, 77.
TURNER, H. J., Esq., 22, Hamilton Terrace, St. John's Wood, London, 17, 69, 129.
VIRTUE, JAMES, ESQ., Oatlands Park, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, 81, 165.
WARD, E. M., Esq., R.A., 5, Queen's Villas, Windsor, Berks, 177.
WARD, MRS. H., 5, Queen's Villas, Windsor, Berks, 179.
WARDELL, J., Esa., Rathgar, Dublin, 105, 144.
WEIGALL, H., Esa., 35, Bryanston Square, London, 184.
WELLS, H. T., Esq., R.A., Thorpe Lodge, Campden Hill, Kensington, London, 186, 187.
WESTMORELAND, THE DOWAGER COUNTESS OF, 29, Portman Square, London, 183.
WHARNCLIFFE, THE EARL OF, Wharncliffe House, Curzon Street, London, 145, 146.
WINTER, THOMAS, ESQ., East Sheen, Surrey, 3.
WRIGHT, H. SMITH, ESQ., Lenton Hall, near Nottingham, 118.
WYNFIELD, D. W., Esa., 14, Grove End Road, St. John's Road, London, 194.

WATER COLOUR PAINTINGS.
H.R.H. THE PRINCESS LOUISE (MARCHIONESS OF LORNE), Kensington Palace, London, 55.
ARGLES, F. A., Esq., Eversley, Milnthorpe, Westmoreland, 7, 16.
BALDWIN, CAPTAIN, North Lancashire, 8.
BICKNELL, H. S., Esq., Cavendish House, Clapham Common, London, 27.

10
CALLOW, WILLIAM, ESQ., The Firs, Great Missenden, Berks, 4, 5.
CHEFFINS, C. R., Esa., Hamilton Place, St. John's Wood, London, 1.
CLARK, LATIMER, ESQ., Sydenham Hill, Surrey, 32.
COHEN, E., Esa., 111, Harley Street, London, 25.
COOKSON, W. S., Esq., The Pryors, Lower Heath, Hampstead, Middlesex, 12.
CROWLEY, HENRY, ESQ., Smedley New Hall, near Manchester, 29.
DONALDSON, ANDREW B., Esa., 10, Argyll Road, Kensington, London, 9.
DUNCAN, DAVID, Esq., Gayton Hall, near Neston, Cheshire, 2.
DRAKE, HENRY, Esq., Mill Hill, London, 13.
DUNBAR, A., Esa., Clement's Inn, Strand, London, 30.
FAHEY, E. H., Esa., 10, Elsham Road, Kensington, London, 10.
FRERE, MIss C. F., Wressil Lodge, Wimbledon, Surrey, 10a.
GALSWORTHY, J., Esq., Coombe Warren, Kingston Hill, Surrey, 24.
GAMBART, ERNEST, ESQ., Les Palmiers, Nice, France, 44.
GIBB, JONES, Esq., Porchester House, Porchester Terrace, London, 18.
GIBLEY, W., Esq., 4, Adelaide Mansions, Brighton, Sussex, 47, 48, 49.
GILBERT, SIR JOHN, A.R.A., Vanbrugh Park Road West, near Blackheath, Kent, 14.
GILES, GEORGE, ESQ., Westfield, Bonchurch, Isle of Wight, 6.
GOODALL, E. A., Esa., 57, Fitzroy Road, Regent's Park Road, London, 17.
GOWER, LORD RONALD L., Stafford House, London, 37.
HAGHE, LOUIS, Esa., 103, Stockwell Road, London, 21.
HEWETT, PRESCOTT, G., Esq., F.R.S., 1, Chesterfield Street, Mayfair, London, 11.
HORSFALL, JAMES, ESQ., Birmingham, Lancashire, 15.
HUNT, H. A., Esa., C.B., Eccleston Square, London, 23.
INGRAM, W. J., Esq., M.P., 198, Strand, London, 38.
JOPLING, J. M., Esq., 8, Clareville Grove, South Kensington, London, 28.
KNOWLES, R. M., Esa., Bosworth Park, Leicestershire, 20, 53.
MANCHESTER, THE DUKE OF, 1, Great Stanhope Street, Mayfair, London, 51.
MONTALBA, MISS CLARA, 20, Stanley Crescent, London, 33.
MOORE, MRS. GEORGE, 15, Palace Gardens, Kensington, London, 56.
NAFTEL, PAUL J., Esq., 4, St. Stephen Square, Westbourne Park, London, 34.
NEWBOLD, ROBERT, ESQ., Abbeydale Grange, Sheffield, Yorkshire, 22.
NEWTON, A. P., Esq., 44a, Maddox Street, Regent Street, London, 36.
PILGERAM & LEFÈVRE, MESSRS., King Street, St. James's, London, 45, 46.
REED, E. J., Esq., C.B., M.P., Broadway Chambers, Westminster, London, 31.
SMALLFIELD, FRED., Esq., 52, Boundary Road, London, 41, 42.
STILLMAN, MRS. M. S., The Shrubbery, Clapham Common, London, 43.
STUGNELL, F. W., Esq., 13, Carlton Road, Maida Vale, London, 35.
.....
TEMPLE, THE RIGHT HONOURABLE COWPER, M.P., 16, Great Stanhope Street, London, 26.
THOMAS, W. L., Esa., 7, Gilbart Terrace, Brixton Rise, London, 50,
TYLOR, ALFRED, Esq., F.G.S., Shepley House, Carshalton, Surrey, 40.
VOKINS, MESSRS., 14, Great Portland Street, Oxford Street, London, 3.
WALTON, FRANK, ESQ., Holmbury Hill, near Dorking, Surrey, 54.
WESTMINSTER, THE DUKE OF, 33, Upper Grosvenor Street, London, 52.
WESTMINSTER, THE DUCHESS OF, 3
33, Upper Grosvenor Street, London, 39.
WOODGATE, T., Esq., The Boundaries, Balham, Surrey, 19.
PROTRA

11
2
SCULPTURE, OR
ADAMS-ACTON, JOHN, Esq., 103, Marylebone Road, London, 2.
BELL, JOHN, Douro Place, Kensington, London, 6A.
BUDGETT, SAMUEL, ESQ., Cotham House, Bristol, Somersetshire, 1.
D'EPINAY, PROSPERE, ESQ., 57, Via Sistina, Rome, 5.
GOWER, LORD RONALD LEVESON, Stafford House, St. James's, London, 6a.
JOY, A. BRUCE, ESQ., The Avenue No. 8, 76, Fulham Road, London, 7, 8, 9, 10.
NAYLOR, RICHARD C., ESQ., Kelmarsh Hall, Northampton, 6.
ROYAL ACADEMY OF ARTS, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, 3, 4.
UNITED STATES CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
Offices, 903 and 904, Walnut Street, Philadelphia.
PRESIDENT.
Hon. JOSEPH R. HAWLEY, of Connecticut.
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
Hon. ORESTES CLEVELAND, of New Jersey.
JOHN D. CREIGH, of California.
ROBERT MALLORY, of Kentucky.
SECRETARY.
Hon. J. L. CAMPBELL, of Indiana.
ASSISTANT-SECRETARIES.
MYER ASCH.
DORSET GARDENER, of New Jersey.
DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.
Hon. ALFRED T. GOSHORN, of Ohio.
SOLICITOR.
JOHN L. SHOEMAKER, of Philadelphia.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
DANIEL J. MORRELL, Chairman.
ALFRED T. GOSHORN.
C. P. KIMBALL.
JOHN LYNCH.
F. L. MATHEWS.
N. M. BECKWITH.
W. P. BLAKE.
ALEXANDER R. BOTELER.
RICHARD C. MCCORMICK.
WILLIAM SELLERS,
JOHN S. BArbour,
SAMUEL F. PHILLIP.
GEORGE B. LORING.
JAMES E. DEXTER.
J. T. BERNard.

SECRETARY OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
MYER ASCH.
BOARD OF FINANCE.
PRESIDENT.
JOHN WELSH, Philadelphia.
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
nhigh jo mbbé M
9
Philadelphia.
AH TA** Virginia.

12
FREDERICK FRALEY,
H. S. LANSING.
SECRETARY AND TREASURER.
AUDITOR.
DIRECTORS.
SAMUEL M. FELTON,
DANIEL M. Fox.
THOMAS COCHRAN.
CLEMENT M. BIDDLE.
N. PARKER SHORTRIDGE.
JAMES M. ROBB.
EDWARD T. STEEL.
JOHN WANAMAKER.
JOHN PRICE WETHERILL.
HENRY WINSOR.
AMOS R. Little.
JOHN BAIRD.
THOMAS H. DUDLEY.
A. S. HEWITT.
JOHN CUMMINGS.
JOHN GORHAM.
CHARLES W. COOPER.
WILLIAM BIGLER.
ROBERT M. PATTON.
J. B. DRAKE.
GEORGE BAIN.
BUREAU OF REVENUE.
CHAIRMAN.
CLEMENT M. BIDDLE.
FINANCIAL AGENT.
WILLIAM Bigler.
SECRETARY.
C. B. NORTON.
COLONIAL COMMISSIONERS.
BARBADOES.
ALBERT OTTERBRIDGE, Agent.
CANADA.
SENATOR LUC LETELLIER DE ST. JUST, Minister of Agriculture, President,
HONORARY COMMISSIONERS.
HON. ADAM CROOKS, Provincial Treasurer,
HON. P. A. GARNEAU, Minister of Agriculture,
HON. P. CARTERET HILL, Provincial Secretary,
Ottawa.
Philadelphia.


Ontario.
Quebec.
New Brunswick.

13
HON. J. J. FRASER, Provincial Secretary,
HON. L. C. OWEN, Attorney General,
HON. W. J. ARMSTRONG, Minister of Agriculture,
HON. MR. NOLIN, Minister of Agriculture,
HON. E. G. PENNY, Senator Montreal,
HON. R. D. WILMOT, Senator Sanbury,
D. MACDOUGALL, Berlin.
J. PERRAULT, Secretary.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONERS.
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.
New Brunswick.
Prince Edwards Island.
British Columbia.
Manitoba.
Quebec.
New Brunswick.
Ontario.
Ottawa.
Philadelphia.
C. CRAWFORD COATES, Special Commissioner.
NEW SOUTH WALES.
HIS HONOR SIR JAMES MARTIN, KNIGHT, Chief Justice, President.
HON. JOHN HAY, President of the Legislative Council, Vice-President.
HON. GEORGE WIGRAM ALLEN, Speaker of the Legislative Assembly, Vice-President.
HON. SIR EDWARD DEAS THOMSON, C.B., K.C.M.G., M.L.C., Vice-President.
SIR DANIEL COOPER, BART.
GEORGE RUSSELL.
R. W. FORBES.
THE REV. CHAS. BADHAM, D.D.
SAMUEL BENNETT.
JAMES BYRNES.
R. W. CAMERON.
THE HON. G. H. Cox, M.L.C.
J. R. FAIRFAX.
ANDREW GARRAN, L.L.D.
'HON. S. D. GORDON, M.L.C.
HENRY HALloran.
EDW. S. HILL.
HON. TAOMAS HOET, M.L.C.
H. A. JENNINGS.
G. W. LORD, M.P.
London.
London.
New York.
COMMISSIONERS.
BENJAMIN PALMER, Mayor of Sidney.
COMMANDER THOMAS STACKHOUSE,
HON. SIR WM. MACARTHUR, KNIGHT,
M.L.C.
WILLIAM MACLEAY, F.L.S.
T. S. MORT.
R.N.
ALEXANDER STUART, M.P.
GEORGE THORNTON, J.P.
WILLIAM Wallis.
JAMES WATSON, M.P.
HON. J. B. WATT, M.L.C.
FITZ WILLIAM WENTWORTH.
J. H. WILLIAMS.
JOHN WILLIAMS.
W. C. WINDEYER.
ROBERT WISDOM, M.P.
JOHN WOODS.
WILLIAM WOLFEN.
CHARLES ROBINSON, Secretary.

NEW ZEALAND.
COMMISSIONERS.
HON. W. B. D. MANTELL, M.L.C., F.G.S., Chairman.
HON. WILLIAM GISBORne.
W. H. LEVIN.
D. MCINTYRE, U.S. Consul.
REPRESENTATIVE COMMISSIONER TO PHILADELPHIA.
JAMES HECTOR, C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S.
ARTHUR T. BOTHAMLEY
SECRETARY AND AGENT IN CHARGE.
:

14
QUEENSLAND.
COMMISSIONERS.
RICHARD DAINTREE, Agent-General for Queensland.
ANGUS MACKAY.
ROBERT TOOTH.
LOCAL COMMISSIONERS.
HIS EXCELLENCY GOVERNOR CAIRNS, President.
RER JOHN DOUGLAS.
JAMES GORDon,
CARL STREIGER.
SEPTIMUS WEBSTER, Local Secretary.
SOUTH AUSTRALIA (Adelaide).
HIS EXCELLENCY A. MUSGRAVE, C.M.G., Chairman.
HON. W. EVERARD, Commmissioner of Crown Lands.
HON. H. E. BRIGHT, M.L.C., J.P., Commissioner of Public Works.
HON. JOHN CROZIER, M.L.C., J.P.
HON. WENTWOOD CAVANAGH, M.P., J.P.
HON. JOSIAH BOOTHLY, J.P.
HON. E. W. ANDREWS, J.P.
HON. S. DAVENPORT, J.P.
HON. JOSEPH CROMPTON, J.P.
HON, GEORGE MCEWEN, J.P.
DR. SCHOMBURGH, D. P., J.P.
CALEB PEACOCK, J.P.
R. D. Ross, M.P., J.P.
E. S. SMITH, M.P., J.P.
WALTER HACKEL.
1. A. HOLDEN, J.P.
S. V. POZEY.
C. J. COATES.

F. G. WATERHOUSE.
C. I. COATES, Honorary Secretary.
SAMUEL DAVENPORT
WEST-ERSKI
Special Commissioner
TASMANIA.
COMMISSIONERS.
JAMES WILSON AGNEW, M.D.
MORTON ALLPORT, F.L.S., F.Z.S.
JUSTIN M'CARTY BROWNE, Consular Agent for France.
HON. HENRY BUTLER, Member of the House of Assembly.
LUKE RICHARD CASTRAY, Assistant Commissary-General.
GEORGE CRISP, Mayor of Hobart Town.
HON. WILLIAM LODEWYK CROWTHER, Member of the Legislative Council.
EDWARD LEWIS DITCHAM.
ADYE DOUGLAS, Member of the House of Assembly.


15
THOMAS GIBLIN, J.P.
George GILMORE, Member of the House of Assembly.
ALFRED HARRAP, Mayor of Launceston.
David Lewis, Member of the House of Assembly.
JOHN MURPHY, J.P.
HON. SIR ROBERT OFFICER, Knight, Speaker of the House of Assembly,
HON. JAMES REID SCOTT, Member of the Legislative Council.
JAMES Scott, Member of the House of Assembly.
CHARLES HENRY SMITH, J.P., Consular Agent for Italy.
ALEXANDER GEORGE WEBSTER, Vice Consul for the United States of America.
HON. SIR JAMES MILNE WILSON, Knight, President of the Legislative Council, Chairman (elected
17 March, 1875).
HUGH MUNRO HULL, Clerk of the House of Assembly, Secretary.
CHARLES WILLIAM ROCHER, Town Clerk, Secretary to the Launceston Commission.
REPRESENTATIVE COMMISSIONERS AT PHILADELPHIA,
P. A. JENNINGS, Sydney.
HENRY P. WELCH, Melbourne.
VICTORIA.
REPRESENTATIVE COMMISSIONERS AT PHILADELPHIA,
SIR REDMOND Barry.
HON. JAMES GOODALL FRANCIS, late Chief Secretary.
J. McILWRAITH, Esq., late Mayor of Melbourne.
COMMISSIONERS.
SIR REDMOND BARRY, Acting Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, President.7 outub
HON. J. J. CASEY, M.P.
HON. J. F. SULLIVAN, M.P.
HON. C. J. JENNER, M.L.C.
JAS. MUNRO, M.P.
J. MCILWRAITH.
COUNT DE CASTELNAU.
HON. S. H. BINDON.
JAS. BOSISTO, M.P.
JAS. GATEHOUSE, Mayor of Melbourne.
J. I. BLEASDALE, D.D.
HON. SIR JOHN O'SHANASSY, K.C.M.G.
HON. SIR JAMES MCCULLOCH, M.P.
HON. JOHN ALEXANDER MACPHERSON, M.P.
HON. JOHN THOMAS SMITH, M.P.
LESLIE JAMES SHERRAard.
JOHN DANKS.
GEORGE COLLINS LEVEY, Secretary.
weden 16


16
FOREIGN COMMISSIONS.
ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
Carlos CarrANZA, President,
EDWARD SHIPPEN, Vice-President,
EDW. T. DAVISON, Treasurer, Consul-General,
New York.
Philadelphia.
New York.
New York.
DIEGO DE CASTRO, Secretary,
Deputy Member,-E. MARA Davison.
CENTRAL COMMITTEE.
ERNESTO OLDENDORFF, President,
Buenos Ayres.
Buenos Ayres.
EDUARDO OLIVERA,
ONESIMO LEGUIZAMON,
Buenos Ayres.
Buenos Ayres.
LINO PALCOIS,
Diego de LA FUENTE,
RICARDO NEWTON,
LEONARDO PEREYRA,
JOSE M. JURafdo,
EMILIO DUPortal,
JULIO VICTORICA, Secretary,
Buenos Ayres.
Buenos Ayres.
Buenos Ayres.
Buenos Ayres.
Buenos Ayres.
Buenos Ayres.
AUSTRIA.

Vienna.
RUDOLF ISBARY, Vice-President of the Chamber of Commerce, President,ják a mili
FRANZ RITTER VON LIEBIG, Member of the Chamber of Commerce, First Vice-President, Reichenberg.
MICHAEL MATSCHEKO, Manufacturer, Second Vice-President.
Members,-EUGENE FELIX, President of the Society of Arts.
Edward KanITZ, Member of the Chamber of Commerce.
KARL VON OBERLEITNER, Member of the Chamber of Commerce,
Otto von BAUER, Member of the Chamber of Commerce,
ERNST VON PONTZEN, Engineer.
Olmutz.
Brunn.
DR. EMIL HORNIG, Counsellor.
DR. F. MIGERKA, Imperial and Royal Counsellor.
THEO. A. HAVEMEYER, Austro-Hungarian Consul-General,
nekker etenee New York.
AFRICA-ORANGE FREE STATE.

CHARLES W. RILEY, Consul-General,
Philadelphia.
17
BELGIUM.
BARON GUSTAVE DE WOELMONT, Senator, President,
Brussels.
ALEXANDER ROBERT, Historical Painter, Member of the Belgium Academy of Fine Arts,
Letters, and Sciences, Vice-President,
Brussels.
CH. DE SMET-DE SMET, Manufacturer, President of the Industrial and Commercial
Society, Vice-President,
I. CLERFEYT, Chief of Bureau, Ministry of the Interior, Secretary of the Upper Consul of
Industry and Commerce, late Secretary of the Belgium Commission and Juries of
the International Exhibition of Paris, London, and Vienna, Secretary.
ALFRED ANCION, Manufacturer of Arms,
A. J. BELPAIRE, Inspector-General of Railways and Telegraphs.
Ghent.
Brussels.
Liege.
L. DE CURTE, Architect, Member of the Royal Commission of Monuments and Council for
the Improvement of the Arts of Design,
Brussels.
FELIX DUHAYON, Lace Manufacturer, Judge of the Tribunal of Commerce and Member of
the Chamber of Commerce,
Brussels.
E. DUISBERG, Director of the Paper Manufactories of Messrs. Godin & Co. at Huy,
Member of the Chamber of Commerce,
Liege.
Liege.
Grammont.
Antwerp.
Antwerp.
Charleroi.
Gand.
Verviers.
Brussels.
Antwerp.
Seraing-lez-Liege.
Jos. FAYN, Mining Engineer, Consul of the Netherlands,
P. F. GHYS-BRUNEEL, Lace Manufacturer,
JULES HAVENITH, Ship Owner, Consul of Austria, Hungary,
J. KINDT, Inspector-General of Industry, Ministry of the Interior.
EUGENE MEEUs, Manufacturer, Member of the Chamber of Representatives,
ALPH. MOREL, Director of the Glass Works, Lodelinsart,
HENRI MOREL, Flax Manufacturer,
REMY PAQUOT, Director of the Company of Bleyberg-es-Montzen,
EDM. PARMENTIER, Manufacturer,
FERDINAND PAUWELS, Historical Painter,
AUG. RONNBERG, Director-General of Agriculture and Manufactures, Ministry of the
Interior.
E. SADOINE, Director-General of Works,
JULES SAUVEUR, Director-General of Public Instruction, Ministry of the Interior.
E. E. A. SCHAAR, Chief Engineer, Director of the Arsenal and Railways of the
State,
ALFRED SIMONIS, Cloth Manufacturer, Member of the Chamber of Representatives,
RESIDENT COMMISSIONERS IN PHILADELPHIA.
COUNT D'OULTREMONT, Director-General.
MR. J. VAN BRÉE, Chief of Fine Art Department.
MR. J. GODY, Ministry of Public Works.
MR. J. BECO, Engineer,
BRAZIL.
Malines.
Verviers.

Brussels.
HIS HIGHNESS GASTON D'ORLEANS, Conde d'Eu, Marshal of the Army, President.vall noround H
VISCOUNT DE JAGUARY, First Vice-President.
194000
VISCOUNT DE BUEN-RETIRO, Second Vice-President.
HIS EXCELLENCY A. P. DE CARVALHO BORGES, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister NOT JAREVED
Plenipotentiary of His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil,
porda Washington, D. C.
VISCOUNT DE SOUZA FRANCO.
JOAQUIN ANTONIO DE AZEVEDO.
Tooted AugstyM silt mi rong
36714.
B
..
SEÑOR RAFAEL LORRAIN.
وو
MAXIMIANO Errazuriz.
IGNACIO DOMEYKO.
ARMANDO PHILLIPPI.
FRANCISCO SOLAÑO ASTA-BURUAGA.
EUGENIO FIGUERAD.
LAMO BARRos.
39
EDWARD SHIPPEN, ESQ.
18
CHILI.
JOSEPH P. ROOT, Esa.
SEÑOR FRANCISCO GONZALEZ,
J. PATTERSON BURD, Esa., Secretary and Treasurer.
CHINA.
EDWARD B. DREW, Commissioner of Customs,
GUSTAVE DIETRING, Commissioner of Customs,
CHARLES HANNEN.
J. L. HAMMOND, Commissioner of Customs,
DENMARK.
JACOB HOLMBLAD, Manufacturer, President.
OLAF HANSEN, U.S. Vice-Consul, Vice-President.
JOH HANSEN, Austrian Consul-General, Treasurer.
C. C. BURMEISTER, Manufacturer.
V. CHRISTESEN, Manufacturer.
V. FIELDSKON, Sculptor.
CHAS. HANSEN, Manufacturer.
WM. HAMMER, Artist.
THOMAS SCHMIDT,
TH. GREEN, Secretary.
EDWARE SHIPPEN, ESQ., Consul, President.
GABRIEL OBARRIO,
J. J. RIBON,
J. M. MUNOZ,
J. R. DE LA ESPRIELLA,
Philadelphia.
Philadelphia.
Chefoo.
Ningpo.
Swatou.
New York.
ECUADOR.
Philadelphia.
New York.
New York.
New York.
New York.
EGYPT.
HIS HIGHNESS PRINCE MOHAMMED TAWFIC PACHA, President,
HIS EXCELLENCY CHERIF PACHA, Minister of Commerce, Vice-President,
H. BRUGSCH BEY, Commissioner-General,
Cairo.
Cairo.
Cairo.
COMMISSIONERS.
GENERAL STone,
Cairo.
M. MAHMOUD BEY, Astronomer,
Cairo.
M. Mariette BEY, Director of the Museums of Antiquities,
Cairo.
M. Gastinel BEY, Professor in the Medical School,
Cairo.
19
M. ROGERS, Director in the Ministry of Public Instruction,
M. ACTON, Chief of Division, Ministry of Commerce,
M. BAUDRY, Architect,
Cairo.
Cairo.
Cairo.
M. DELCHEVALERIE, Attaché.
Cairo.
RESIDENT MEMBERS IN PHILADELPHIA.
H. Brugsch BEY, Commissioner-General,
Cairo.
E. BRUGSCH, Chief of Transportation and Installation,
A. BEHMERS, Attaché. Secretary.
EDWARD ELIAS, Secretary and Interpreter,
M. DANINOS, Attache.
Cairo.
Cairo.
Cairo.
Cairo.
FRANCE.
M. M. OZENNE, Councillor of State, Secretary-General of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce,
Commissioner-General of International Exhibitions.
DU SOMMERARD, Director of the Museums of Thermes and Cluny, Commissioner-General of International
Exhibitions.
COMMITTEE.
(Organised under the Presidency of the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce.)
M. DUCLERC, Vice-President of the National Assembly, Member of the Committee on International
Exhibitions.
MARQUIS DE TALHOUET, Deputy.
BARON DE SOUBEYRAN, Deputy.
MR. WOLOWSKI, Deputy.
MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE, Deputy.
M. BONNET, Deputy.
M. FLOTARD, Deputy.
M. LABOULAYE, Deputy.
M. DIETZ-MONIN, Deputy.
M. COUNT DE BOUILLE, Deputy.
VISCOUNT D'HAUSSONVILLE, Deputy.
M. DE CHABROL, Deputy.
M. JULLIEN, Deputy.
The Secretary-General of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce.
The Director-General of Customs.
The Director of the Academy of Fine Arts.
The Director of Consulates and Commercial Affairs, at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
M. OUTREY, Minister Plenipotentiary.
M. DU SOMMERARD, Director of the Museum of Thermes and Cluny.
The Assistant Director of Foreign Commerce.
The President of the Paris Chamber of Commerce.
M. GUILLAUME, Member of the Institute.
MARQUIS DE ROCHAMBEAU,
BARON ALPHONSE DE ROTHSCHILD.
M. SIEBER.
M. Mame (Alfred).
M. LAVEISSIÈRE (JULES), Dealer in Metals.
M. ROULLEAUX DUGAGE, Secretary.
M. de Fallois, late Chief of Bureau, Ministry of Public Works, Assistant Secretary.
B 2
20
RESIDENT COMMISSIONERS.
Mr. de LafoREST, Consul-General of France, Commissioner-General,
MR. RAVIN D'ELPEUX, Vice-Consul,
CAPT. ANFRYE, Military Attaché, French Legation.
MR. GEORGES A. GLAENZER, Secretary.
New York.
Philadelpnia.
Washington.
GERMAN EMPIRE.
Dr. Jacobi, Royal Prussian Actual Privy-Superior-Government Counsellor and Ministerial Director
President.
DR. STUVE, Royal Prussian Privy- Government Counsellor and Counsellor in the Ministry of Commerce.
Dr. Wedding, Royal Prussian Counsellor of Mines.
Mr. Reither, Royal Bavarian Counsellor of Legation.
MR. VON NOSTITZ-Wallwitz, Royal Saxon Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary.
BARON VON SPITZEmberg, Royal Wurtemberg Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary.
DR. NEIDHARDT, Grand Ducal Hessian Ministerial Counsellor.
MR. KAUFFMANN, Royal Prussian Counsellor of Commerce.
DR. KRUGER, Hanseatic Minister Resident.
MR. VON HOLLEBEN, Royal Prussian Superior Tribunal Counsellor.
MR. NIEBERDING, Counsellor in the Office of the Chancellor of the Empire.
Baron Von ZeDLITZ, Royal Prussian Provincial Counsellor.
JOHN D. LANKENAU, ESQ.,
CHARLES H. MEYER, ESQ., Consul,
GUSTAVUS REMAK, ESQ.
DR. FRED. VOLCK.
RESIDENT COMMISSIONERS.
GREECE.
DR. BOTASSIS, Special Representative, Consul General,
Philadelphia.
Philadelphia.
Philadelphia.
Baltimore.
New York.
GUATEMALA AND SALVADOR.
HIS EXCELLENCY DON VINCente Dardon, Minister Plenipotentiary,
Washington, D. C.
GOVERNOR DON FRANCISCO BARDALES.
HONDURAS.
GENERAL DON E. DE SALIGNAC.
DON JOSÉ MARIA FIALLOS.
DON JUAN RAMON VALENZUELA.
RESIDENT COMMISSIONERS.
DON VINCENTE DARDON, Minister Plenipotentiary,
T. ANSOATIGIN, Consul,
Washington, D. C.
New York.
21
ITALY.
H. E. BARON BLANC, Minister Plenipotentiary,
COUNT B. LITTA, First Secretary of Legation,
M. ANGELO GIANELLI, Agent,
Washington, D. C.
Washington, D. C.
Philadelphia.
JAPANESE EMPIRE.
HIS EXCELLENCY OKUBO TOSHIMICHI, Minister of the Interior and Privy Counsellor, President.
HIS EXCELLENCY LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SAIGO YORIMICHI, Imperial Army, Vice-President.
Kawase HIDEHARU, Vice-President Bureau of Agriculture and Industry, Commissioner-General.
TANAKA YOSHIO, Minister of the Interior.
SEKIZAWA AKEKIO, Bureau of Industry.
YAMATHKA NOBUAKIRA, Bureau of Industry.
SHIODA MASASHI, Bureau of Industry.
ISHIHARA TOYOYASU, Bureau of Industry.
ISHIDA TAMETAKE, Bureau of Industry.
YAMAO TSUNETARO, Bureau of Industry.
KUBO HIROMICHI, Minister of the Interior.
NOTOMI SKEJIRO, Bureau of Industry.
SHIBATA HIRCSHI, Bureau of Industry.
MAKIYAMA KOHE, Bareau of Industry.
ISHII YOSHITAKA, Bureau of Industry.
ASAHI NOBORI, Ministry of the Interior.
KAWARA NORITACHI, Bureau of Industry.
SASASHE MOTOAKIRA, Bureau of Industry.
TAKEDA, Bureau of Agriculture and Industry.
SUGIYAMA KATSUNARI, Bureau of Agriculture and Industry.
HITAKA GIRO, Lieutenant Imperial Army.
OMORI ICHIU, Bureau of Agriculture and Industry.
ASAMI TADATSUNE, Bureau of Agriculture and Industry.
FUKUI MOKOTO, Bureau of Agriculture and Industry.
FRITZ CUNLIFFE OWEN, Attaché.
J. S. PAYNE, Esq.,
EDWARD S. MORRIS, ESQ., Consul,
MR. ROMERO RUBIO, President,
RAMON Y. ALCARAZ,
GABRIEL MANCERA,
RAFAEL MARTINEZ DE LA TORRE,
Julio Zárate,
AFTONIO DEL CASTILLO,
SEBASTIAN CAMACHO,
EDUARDO E. ZÁRATE, Secretary,
MR. E. AVILA.
LIBERIA.
Monrovia.
Philadelphia.
MEXICO.
City of Mexico.
City of Mexico.
City of Mexico.
City of Mexico.
City of Mexico.
City of Mexico.
City of Mexico.
City of Mexico.
SPECIAL COMMISSIONER.
Washington, D. C.
22
NETHERLANDS.
DR. E. H. VON BAUMHAUER, Honorary Professor, Secretary of the Dutch Society
of Sciences, Director of the Society for the Advancement of Industry in the
Netherlands, President,
F. DE CASEM BROOT, Rear Admiral, Aide-de-Camp in Extraordinary Service to His
Majesty the King of the Netherlands, and Member of the States General, 2nd
Chamber,
A. H. EIGEMAN, Industrial President of the Society of Dutch Industrials,
P. HARTSEN, Chairman of the Amsterdam Board of Commerce,
J. E. VAN HEEMSKERCK VAN BEEST, Dutch Royal Navy,
DR. W. T. A. JONCKBLOET, President of the Committee of Superintendence of the
Academy of Imitative Arts,
D. VAN DER KELLEN, JR., Member of the Administration Society Arti et Amicitiæ
L. C. VAN KERKWYK, Pensioned Lieutenant-Colonel Corps of Engineering, Member of
the Council of Administration of the Royal Institution of Engineers,
Haarlem.
The Hague.
Leiden.
Amsterdam.
The Hague.
Amsterdam.
Amsterdam.
The Hague.
Rotterdam.
M. M. DE MONCHY, President of the Board of Commerce,
DR. J. TH. MOUTON, Vice-President of the Society to Promote Manufactures and Trade-
Industry in the Netherlands,
C. T. VAN DER OUDERMEULEN, President of the Dutch Society of Agriculture,
BARON W. G. Brantsen van DE ZYP, LL.D., Lord in Waiting to His Majesty the King
of the Netherlands,
DR. M. W. C. GORI, Doctor of Medicine, late Medical Officer of the Netherlands Army,
Ophthalmic Surgeon,
R. C. BURLAGE, Consul-General of the Netherlands,
L. WESTERGAARD, Consul of the Netherlands,
C. MUYSKEN, Civil Engineer, Secretary,
The Hague.
The Hague.
Arnhem.
Amsterdam.
New York.
Philadelphia.
Haarlem.
HERMAN BAARS,
WM. C. CHRISTOPHERSON,
GERHARD GADE, U.S. Consul,
NORWAY.
Bergen.
Buenos Ayres.
Christiania.
PERU.
JOSÉ CARLOS TRACY, President,
New York.
FRED. L. BARREDA.
EDW. VILLena.
CHARLES NACY.
RUSSIA.
PRIVY COUNCILLOR BUTOFFSKY, President.
PRIVY COUNCILLOR KOBEKO, Director.
COUNCILLOR OF STATE YERMAKOF, Vice-Director of the Department of Commerce and Manufacture.
COUNCILLOR OF STATE VIJSHNEGRADSKY, Director of the Technological Institute.
COUNCILLOR OF STATE BEILSKY, Special Official Department of Commerce and Manufactures, Commis-
sioner-General.
COUNCILLOR OF STATE PODOBIEDOF, Director of Section Department of Commerce aud Manufactures.
COUNCILLOR OF STATE ILIN, Professor in the Technological Institute.
COUNCILLOR OF STATE BEHR, Special Official: Ministry of Finance.
COUNCILLOR OF THE COLLEGE TIMIRIAZEF, Director of Section Department of Commerce and Manu-
factures.
23
SANDWICH ISLANDS.
HON. S. G. WILDER, Minister of the Interior,
HON. J. U. KAWAINUI.
ELISHA H. ALLEN, JR.,
J. H. CHANDLER, Commissioner,
SIAM.
SPAIN.
Colonel Lopez Fabra, Royal Commissioner-General.
DON JOAQUIN OLIVER, Secretary.
DON ALVARO DE LA GANDARA, Director of the Industrial Department.
COUNT DEL DONADIO, Director of the Department of Fine Arts.
Don José Jordana y Morera, Director of the Agricultural Department.
CHIEFS OF BUREAUS.
DON ENRIQUE BROTONS.
DON ALFREDO ESCOBAR.
DON ENRIQUE BORRELL.
CHIEFS OF INSTALLATION.
DON BERNARDO FORZANo.
DON FRANCISCO FORZANO.
DON FRANCISCO PARODY, Interpreter.
DON JUAN MORPHY, Consul General of Spain, Member of the Commission.
DON JULIAN A PRINCIPE, Vice-Consul, Attaché,
DON MIGUEL GONZALEZ, Attaché.
DON JOSÉ FONRODONA, Attaché.
SWEDEN.
Honolulu.
New York.
Bangkok,
BERGSTROM, P. A., late Minister of Interior; President Board of Domaines, President,
TROILIUS, C. O., Director-General of Government Railways, Vice-President,
Stockholm.
Stockholm.
Dardel, F. L. VON, Director-General Board of Public Buildings,
Stockholm.
DICKSON, CH., M.D.,
Göteborg.
FOCK, BARON A. H. E., Chief of Board of Controlls,
Stockholm.
SCHOLANDER, F. W., Professor; Academy of Fine Arts,
Stockholm.
LUNDSTRÖM, C. F., Manufacturer,
Stockholm.
ELFVING, N. H., Consul-General,
Stockholm.
Stenberg, S., Professor; Carolinian Medico-Chirurgical Institution,
Stockholm.
ACKERMAN, A. R., Professor; School of Mines,
Stockholm.
BOLINDER, J., Manufacturer,
Stockholm.
LENNING, J., Manufacturer,
Norrköping.
LUNDSTRÖM, C. L., Manufacturer,
Göteborg.
BREITHOLTZ, CH. G., Colonel of Artillery,
Stockholm.
PEYRON, K., Captain in the Navy; Chamberlain,
Stockholm.
WIDMARK, E., Chief of the Board of Public Education,
Stockholm.
WIDEGREN, H., Superintendent of Fisheries,
Stockholm.
SIDENBLADH, P. E., Secretary of the Central Board of Statistics,
Stockholm.
NORMAN, V., Captain of Engineers, Secretary,
Stockholm.
BRUSEWITZ, E., Engineer, Mining and Metallurgy.
Stockholm.
24
RESIDENT COMMISSIONERS IN PHILADELPHIA,
JUHLIN DANNFELT, C., Commissioner-General,
Westergaard, L., Consul, Assistant-Commissioner,
LINDAHL, J. PH., DR., Secretary,
ISMUS, M., Architect,
HOFFSTEDT, W., Engineer,
Jacobi, A. E., Engineer,
SPECIAL COMMISSIONERS.
MEIJERBERG, C. J., Superintendent of Primary Schools; Educational Department,
Bergman, G. W., Captain of Artillery; Army Department,
HERMELIN, O. BARON, Fine Art Department.
SWITZERLAND.
Stockholm.
Philadelphia.
Lund.
Stockholm.
Stockholm.
Stockholm.
Stockholm.
Stockholm.
Stockholm.
COLONEL H. REITER, Commissioner-General,
DR. EMILE SCHUMACHER, Assistant Commissioner.
ANDERSSON, N. I., Professor Royal Academy of Science; Educational Department.
Arnold STEINMANN, Secretary of Commerce.
DR. ADOLPH HIRSCH, Director of the Observatory,
COLONEL SIEGFRIED, Chief of the Federal Topographical Bureau,
DR. FREDERIC DE TOCHUDI,
MR. EDWARD GUYER, Secretary-General.
MR. JOHN ICELEY, Engineer,.
MR. RUD. KORADI, Consul, Resident Commissioner,
Winterthur.
Zurich.
Neuchatel.
Berne.
St. Gall.
Zurich.
Bale.
Philadelphia.
TUNIS.
HIS EXCELLENCY SIDI HEUSSEIN, General of Division, Minister of Instruction and Public Works,
President.
TURKEY.
HIS EXCELLENCY G. D'ARISTARCHI, Minister Plenipotentiary,
Washington, D.C.
VENEZUELA.
MR. LEON DE LA COVA, Consul,
Philadelphia.
Dr. Adolphus ERNST, Professor University at Caracas.
25
GENERAL REGULATIONS FOR EXHIBITORS, ISSUED BY THE UNITED STATES
CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
I. The Exhibition will be held in Fairmount Park, Philadelphia. It will be opened on the 10th May 1876
and closed on the 10th November of the same year.
II. Full diagrams of the buildings and grounds will be furnished to the Executive Commissioner.
III. Applications for space and negotiations relating to British Exhibits must be conducted with the Executive
Commissioner.
IV. The Executive Commissioner will notify to the Director-General, not later than 1st May 1875, whether
an increase of space is required by British Exhibitors.
V. Before 1st December 1875, the Executive Commissioner must forward to the Director-General approximate
plans of allotment of space assigned, and lists of Exhibitors for Official Catalogue.
VI. Exhibits brought into the United States, at the ports of New York; Boston; Portland, Maine; Burlington,
Vermont; Suspension Bridge, New York; Detroit, Port Huron, Michigan; Chicago, Philadelphia, Baltimore,
Norfolk, New Orleans, and San Francisco, will be allowed to go forward to the Exhibition Buildings, under
proper supervision of Customs Officers without examination at port of entry, and at the close of the Exhibition
will be allowed to go forward to the port from which they are to be exported. No duties will be levied upon
such goods unless entered for consumption in the United States.
VII. The transportation, receiving, unpacking, and arranging of the Exhibits to be at the expense of
Exhibitor.
VIII. The installation of heavy articles requiring special foundations or adjustment should, by special
arrangement, begin as soon as the progress of the work upon the buildings will permit. The general reception of
articles will commence on 1st January 1876, and no articles will be admitted after 31st March 1876.
XI. Space assigned and not occupied on the 1st April 1876 will revert to the Director-General for re-
assignment.
XII. If exhibits are not intended for competition, it must be so stated by the Exhibitor, and they will be
placed hors concours by the International Juries.
XIII. An official Catalogue will be published in four distinct versions; viz., English, French, German, and
Spanish. The sale of these catalogues is reserved to the Centennial Commission.
XIV. All exhibits, except in such Collective Exhibitions as may receive special sanction, will be arranged
under some one group of the 10 following departments :-
i. Raw Materials-Mineral, Vegetable, and Animal,
ii. Materials and Manufactures used for Food or in the Arts, the result of Extracting or Combining Processes.
iii. Textile and Felted Fabrics; Apparel, Costumes, and Ornaments for the person.
iv. Furniture and Manufactures of general use in Construction and in Dwellings.
v. Tools, Implements, Machines, and Processes.
vi. Motors and Transportation.
vii. Apparatus and Methods for the Increase and Diffusion of Knowledge.
viii. Engineering, Public Works, Architecture, &c.
ix. Plastic and Graphic Arts.
x. Objects illustrating Efforts for the Improvement of the Physical, Intellectual, and Moral Condition
of Man.
XV. Foreign Commissions may publish catalogues of their own sections.
XVI. Exhibitors will not be charged for space. A limited supply of steam and water power will be supplied
gratuitously. The quantity of each will be settled definitively at the time of the allotment of space. Any power
required in excess of that allowed will be furnished by the Centennial Commission at a fixed rate. Demands
for such excess of power to be settled at the time of the allotment of space.
26
XVII. Exhibitors must provide at their own cost, all show cases, shelving, counters, fittings, &c., which they
may require; and all countershafts, with their pulleys, belting, &c. for the transmission of power from the main
shaft in Machinery Hall.
All arrangements of articles and decorations must be in conformity with the general plan adopted by the
Director-General.
...
"XVII. Special constructions of any kind, whether in the buildings or grounds can only be made on the
written approval of the Director-General.
The Centennial Commission will take precautions for the safe preservation of all objects in the Exhibition;
but it will in no way be responsible for damage or loss of any kind, or for accidents by fire or otherwise, however
originating.
XIX. Favourable facilities will be arranged by which Exhibitors or Foreign Commissions may insure their
own goods.
Foreign Commissions may employ watchmen of their own choice to guard their goods during the hours the
Exhibition is open to the public. Such appointments to be subject to the approval of the Director-General.
XX. Foreign Commissions, or such agents as they may designate, shall be responsible for the receiving
unpacking and arrangement of Exhibits, as well as for their removal at the close of the Exhibition; but no
person shall be permitted to act as such agent until he can give to the Director-General written evidence of his
having been approved by the proper Commission.
XXI. Each package must be addressed :- "To the Commission for [name of country] at the International
Exhibition of 1876, Philadelphia, United States of America," and should have at least two labels affixed to
different but not opposite sides of each case, and giving the following information :
(1.) The country from which it comes;
(2.) Name or firm of the Exhibitor;
(3.) Residence of the Exhibitor;
(4.) Department to which exhibits belong;
(5.) Total number of packages sent by the Exhibitor ;
(6.) Serial number of that particular package.
Within each package should be a list of all objects it contains.
XXII. If no authorised person is at hand to receive goods on their arrival at the Exhibition building, they
will be removed without delay, and stored at the cost and risk of whomsoever it may concern.
XXIII. Articles that are in any way dangerous or offensive, also patent medicines, nostrums, and empirical
preparations, whose ingredients are concealed, will not be admitted to the Exhibition.
XXIV. The removal of goods will not be permitted till the close of the Exhibition.
XXV. Sketches, drawings, photographs, or other reproductions of articles exhibited will only be allowed upon
the joint assent of the Exhibitor and Director-General, but views of portions of the building may be made upon
the Director-General's sanction.
XXVI. Immediately after the close of the Exhibition, Exhibitors shall remove their effects, and complete such
removal before 81st December 1876. Goods then remaining will be removed by the Director-General and sold
for expenses, or otherwise disposed of under the direction of the Centennial Commission.
XXVII. Each person who becomes an Exhibitor thereby acknowledges and undertakes to keep the rules and
regulations established for the government of the Exhibition.
XXVIII. Special regulations will be issued concerning the exhibition of Fine Arts, the organisation of Inter-
national Juries, awards of prizes, and sales of special articles within the buildings, and on other points not
touched upon in these preliminary instructions.
XXIX. The Centennial Commission reserves the right to explain or amend these regulations whenever it may
be deemed necessary for the interests of the Exhibition.
27
DIGEST OF REGULATIONS FOR FOREIGN EXHIBITORS AND COMMISSIONS, ISSUED
BY UNITED STATES CENTENNIAL COMMISSION, GOVERNING THE FREE
IMPORTATION OF GOODS.
FIRST.-No duty, customs fees or charges are required on any importation of exhibits, and a new form of
cntry will be employed in all cases, at the port where such goods are received.
SECOND.-The sole ports of entry at which importations for exhibition can be made free of duty are:-New
York; Boston; Portland, Maine; Burlington, Vermont; Suspension Bridge, New York; Detroit, Port Huron,
Michigan; Chicago; Philadelphia; Baltimore; Norfolk; New Orleans; and San Francisco.
THIRD.-All articles assigned for exhibition must be accompanied by an invoice or schedule of the numbers,
character, and commercial value of each shipment, which statement must have been previously attested before
either a consul of the United States or a civil magistrate of the country in which such articles have been pro-
duced, or from which they are shipped to the United States. Such verified bill of contents and values must be
in triplicate, one copy for the collector of customs at the port of entry; one for the duly authorised agent of
Exhibitor, or for the British Executive, and one for the collector of the port of Philadelphia; the agent, in all
cases, must be recognised by the Director-General of the Exhibition, and who will, by virtue of his authority,
verify the goods and make entry; and all packages and enclosures containing goods for such Exhibition must
be conspicuously marked accordingly.
FOURTH.-All goods arriving so marked and represented, either at the time of the arrival or at any time
while remaining in the custody of the collector of customs at the port of arrival, will on general order, when
entered at said port, be delivered without examination to such recognised agent or agents of the Exhibitor, to
be by him or them forwarded by bonded line of transportation to Philadelphia, there to be delivered to the
custody of the collector of that port.
FIFTH.-Entry for warehouse will be made for all such transported packages on arrival at the port of Philadelphia,
and original entry of all goods for exhibition coming direct to Philadelphia. This entry having been made, the
goods will be retained in the custody of the collector until the Exhibition building, or some building suitable for
safe custody, erected by the Executive of the Exhibition, be ready to receive them.
SIXTH.-Separate records of all packages received by the collector at Philadelphia will be made by the store
keeper at that port, to contain the owner's name, the agents, the country from which shipped, the date of shipping,
the name of vessel, the date of arrival, the description and value of goods, and the specific marks and numbers
of packages. [Blank forms prepared to contain these particulars will be forwarded to Exhibitors in due course.]
SEVENTH.-When the Exhibition building or warehouse for secure custody shall be ready, descriptive permits
in duplicate will be issued by the collector to the storekeeper of port; one copy to be preserved by storekeeper
the other to be delivered with goods to a proper officer of customs stationed at Exhibition building or ware-
house, and all packages shall be opened in presence of an officer of customs, who will verify contents from such
descripti ve permit.
EIGHTH.-In case of receipt of packages by the collector of Philadelphia, imperfectly described or verified, or
in regard to which information shall have been received questioning the good faith of the persons forwarding the
same, the collector may direct an examination, and if in conference with the Director-General the goods are
found not to have been forwarded in good faith for exhibition, they will be charged with duty according to their
value and classification, and held by collector, subject to appeal to the Secretary of the Treasury, to await proper
claim and payment of duty by the owners.
NINTH.-All charges for transportation, cartage, an' freight accruing on goods arriving for exhibition will be
required to be paid by owner or his agent at the time of their delivery to the custody of the collector of customs
at Philadelphia, before the permit is issued for their delivery to the Exhibition building. No fee for entry,
permit, or other official act, and no duties will be charged against any such goods until after their [withdrawal
from Exhibition for sale at its close or during its continuance.
28
TENTH.-All articles received and entered at Exhibition may be withdrawn for sale or delivery at any time,
consistently with the regulations of the Exhibition, on payment of the duties in force at the time of importation
and on verification by an officer of the Appraiser's Department of the port of Philadelphia. On payment
of said duty, without any other fee or expense, the owner or agent shall receive a permit for removal from the
Exhibition.
ELEVENTH.-All goods to be returned to Great Britain will be verified by the customs officer in charge of
Exhibition, re-enclosed, duly marked and forwarded, under permit of collector, to any port desired; or they may
be exported direct from Philadelphia.
*
.:
29
PHILADELPHIA EXHIBITION.—SYSTEM OF AWARDS.
FIRST.-Awards shall be based upon written reports attested by the signatures of their authors.
SECOND.-Two hundred judges shall be appointed to make such reports, one half of whom shall be foreigners
and one half citizens of the United States. They will be selected for their known qualifications and character,
and will be experts in departments to which they will be respectively assigned. The foreign members of this
body will be appointed by the Commission of each country and in conformity with the distribution and allot-
ment to each, which will be hereafter announced. The Judges from the United States will be appointed by the
Centennial Commission.
THIRD.-The sum of one thousand dollars will be paid to each commissioned Judge for personal expenses.
FOURTH.-Reports and awards shall be based upon inherent and comparative merit. The elements of merit
shall be held to include consideration relating to originality, invention, discovery, utility, quality, skill, work
manship, fitness for the purposes intended, adaptation to public wants, economy and cost.
FIFTH.-Each report will be delivered to the Centennial Commission as soon as completed, for final award
and publication.
SIXTH.-Awards will be finally decreed by the United States Centennial Commission, in compliance with the
Act of Congress, and will consist of a diploma with a uniform Bronze Medal and a special report of the Judges
on the subject of the award.
SEVENTH.-Each Exhibitor will have the right to reproduce and publish the report awarded to him, but the
U.S. Centennial Commission reserves the right to publish and dispose of all reports in the manner it thinks
best for public information, and also to embody and distribute the reports as records of the Exhibition.
THE SELECTION AND APPOINTMENT OF JUDGES.
REPORT OF HON. N. M. BECKWITH, COMMISSIONER FROM NEW YORK.
At a regular meeting of the Executive Committee of the United States Centennial Commission, held at
Philadelphia, October 13th, 1875, Mr. Beckwith, Commissioner from New York, (United States Commissioner-
General at the International Exhibition at Paris, 1867,) presented the following report upon the selection and
appointment of judges. It was carefully considered and unanimously approved.
7
REPORT.
Honourable D. J. Morrell,
SIR,
Chairman of the Executive Committee.
In compliance with the request of the Executive Committee, I beg leave to present for consideration the
following suggestions relating to the selection and appointment of judges, in conformity with the method of
awards decreed by the Centennial Commission.
This method, in many respects, differs radically from the systems hitherto tried in International Exhibitions,
and although the subject is familiar to you, I shall be pardoned, I hope, for briefly indicating the broad
differences.
Awards have heretofore been generally made by an International Jury of about 600 members.
The appointment of jurors to countries has been tried on various bases, but was usually made on the basis of
the relative space occupied by the products of each country respectively, in the Exhibition.
30
The Great Jury was divided into numerous small juries, who examined the products and prepared lists of
the names of persons whom they proposed for awards, and the proposals thus made were confirmed or rejected
by higher juries.
The awards consisted chiefly of medals of different values, gold, silver, &c.
This system brought together a numerous and incongruous assembly, including unavoidably many individuals
unqualified for the work.
The basis of representation was apparently fair, but its results were delusive.
A few countries nearest the Exhibition, whose products could be collected and exposed at the smallest.
proportional expense, occupied large spaces; the numerous remote countries filled smaller spaces.
The number of jurors allotted to the smaller spaces, when distributed, left them without jurors on most
classes, and in the remainder with only a minority, which, in voting on awards, had no weight, and the awards
were thus in effect decreed by the few contiguous countries whose products filled the largest spaces. Written
reports on the products were not usually made by juries, and if made were not generally published, consequently
no person outside of the jury was informed on what ground awards were made.
The medals, when distributed, were as silent as the verdicts; moral responsibility for the decisions attached
to no one, and the awards thus made conveyed as little useful information, and carried as little weight as
anonymous work usually carries.
Medals, at best, are enigmas. They express nothing exactly and definitely relative to the products exhibited ;
their allegorical designs doubtless have a meaning in the mind of the artist who makes them, but allegorical
designs are primitive and feeble language, and the medal of to-day is no more than its predecessor, a school-boy
token,-verdicts upon products determined by majority votes of juries in which the producing countries are
often represented by useless minorities,-awards based upon anonymous reports, or reports never published, and
final decisions announced and recorded in the vague and mystic language of medals, have not proved satisfactory
to producers nor to the public. As regards the diffusion of reliable and useful information, International
Exhibitions have not come fully up to expectations and to the promise implied in the great labour and great
expenses which they involved, and the wide-spread dissatisfaction which has uniformly followed the close of
jury-work, affords in itself strong evidence that the system is not well adapted to the purposes of International
Exhibitions.
The method of awards adopted by the Centennial Commission differs from preceding systems. It dispenses
with the International Jury and substitutes a body of 200 judges, one-half foreign, chosen individually for their
high qualifications.
It dispenses, also, with the system of awards by graduated medals, and requires of the judges written reports
on the inherent and comparative merits of each product thought worthy of an award, setting forth the properties
and qualities, presenting the considerations forming the ground of the award, and avouching each report by the
signature of their authors.
The professional judgment and moral responsibility of the judges being thus involved, assures the integrity
of their reports. As awards to exhibitors, such reports will be more valuable than medals, in proportion to the
greater amount of reliable information which they convey to the public. Their collected re-publication, as hand-
books, will form valuable guides for all classes to the most advanced products of every country, and, last and
least, the sales of them can hardly fail to return to the Commission a good portion of their cost.
The success of this method obviously depends on the judicious selection of the judges, and to this point I
desire to call particular attention.
In this connection it may be remarked that the best judges of 'products are not usually found among their
producers, but among their consumers.
To select a wine, for example, of particular character, one would not apply to wine-growers, but to dealers and
consumers. On the merits of an engine you would prefer the opinion of the engineer who uses it, to that of the
engineer who invented or made it. The sugars and coffees of Brazil, Cuba, Java, &c., are best judged in the
great markets of consumption. In brief, the food products of the world find their most accurate appreciations,
as regards their inherent qualities and comparative merits, in the great consuming markets, where similar pro-
ducts from all regions are gathered, and the practical judgment of the using and consuming public is pronounced,
from which there is no appeal.
The principle in this applies not only to raw products, but in a general sense to manufacturers and to indus-
trial products of all kinds in general use.
31
In this view of the subject, the method of awards adopted by the Centennial Commission presents the great
advantage that it is judicial rather than representative, and the Commission is perfect free to select judges from
the best sources, regardless of localities.
The men to seek for are those who, by their ability, education, character, and experience are fittest for the
work, and they will be less difficult to find than to obtain, being generally employed, and frequently connected
with large industries, important works, and the higher institutions to which their superior qualifications have led
them.
Freedom to choose our judges from the best sources, cannot fail to produce good results if the selection be
made upon proper investigation, with suitable care and without favour.
The announcements of this method of awards has been received in foreign countries, as far as heard from, with
expressions of distinct approbation, and there can be no doubt that they will select and bring to us their hundred
judges, who will be distinguished by their reliable and solid qualifications, and it is incumbent on us to select a
body of men of character, able and expert in their respective callings, and equal in attainments and experience
to our foreign co-operatives, with whom our own will be intimately associated.
I need hardly add that the useful results and success of our Exhibition and the public satisfaction which it
should produce, as well as the reputation of this Commission, as practical and sensible men, depend largely on
the selection of our judges, and finally upon their organisation and work.
New York, October 9th, 1875.
*
Respectfully submitted,
N. M. BECKWITH.
A suitable Committee was thereupon appointed to propose the method of proceeding to select the judges.
COPY OF LETTER FROM MR. GOSHORN ADDRESSED to COLONEL H. B. SANDFORD, R.A.,
AS TO THE NUMBER OF JUDGES FOR GREAT BRITAIN.
SIR,
United States Centennial Commission,
February 9th, 1876.
By
I HAVE the honour to advise you that in accordance with the terms of the system of awards adopted for
the International Exhibition of 1876, the United States Centennial Commission has allotted to the United
Kingdom and Colonies (exclusive of Canada) eighteen (18) Judges.
They should be citizens of the United Kingdom, possessing a diversity of qualifications, and especially fitted,
by knowledge and experience, to judge of and report on the several subjects in the Departments to which they
will be assigned.
The Judges will assemble on the 24th day of May 1876, at 12 o'clock noon, in the Hall of the Judges, and
remain in continuous session until the important duties confided to them have been discharged.
You are requested to appoint and accredit persons as Judges in the following Groups of the classification, and
subjects of a kindred nature.
GROUPS.
Department I.-Minerals
1
Department II.-Chemistry and its Applications
Ceramics, Pottery, and Glass
1
1
Yarns and Woven Goods of Vegetable or Mineral Materials
Woollen Goods
1
1
Weapons
Hardware and Edged Tools
Department III.-Education
Philosophical Apparatus
Department IV.-Sculpture and Painting
Industrial Design
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
t
1
1
1
1
1
32
Department V.-Metal and Wood Machinery
Spinning and Weaving Machinery
Sewing and Clothing Machinery
Motors -
Railway Plant
Pneumatic and Water Transportation
Department VI.—Agricultural Machines
Total
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
18
I beg further to request that you will furnish me, as soon as possible, with the address of the persons you
select, with such information as you may be able to give relative to their special qualifications for the duties that
will be imposed upon them.
I am, with great consideration, yours very respectfully,
(Signed) A. I. GOSHOrn,
Enclosed-Form 92. System of Awards.
112.
Classification.
""
137. Report on Selection of Judges.
Director General.
EXHIBITIONS-THEIR ORIGIN AND PROGRESS.
36714
C
*
35
EXHIBITIONS-THEIR ORIGIN AND PROGRESS.
Progress is the law of life, and Exhibitions, at once the outcome and the
forebears of that very progress, have experienced its influence and in turn
have reäcted on it. The noble conception of the Prince Consort, so daring
in its originality, and so comprehensive in its detail, was yet found capable of
extension. Breaking down as it did old barriers of exclusiveness, and calling
the nations into a common bond of brotherhood, it was in the very nature
of the design to extend its borders, and the experiences of 1851 were utilised
by its lamented author for the realisation of 1862.
True it is that the dreams of a universal kindred have not been realised,
and that the kindly words of Jules Janin, "Battle-plains are behind us;
"there remain before us but the fields of labour," have not been fulfilled.
Equally true is it that the Arts of War have marched pari passu with
those of Peace, have been tested by other standards than the adjudication
of juries, and been subjected to ruder strains than the competition of rival
manufacturers.
But all this would have arrived without a Congress of the Nations, and is
beside the great question of Art progress, a progress so marked in its develop-
ment, and so rapid in its strides that it would seem as if a century and not five
lustres had passed away since a stone was thrown by a strong and brave
hand into the ocean of time, the circles enlarging till they have embraced
every branch of human industry, every scheme of modern thought, and have
drawn within their span every nation upon the earth that lays claim to rank
above the savage.
Prior to 1851, of local exhibitions there had been many; it is not our pur-
pose, however, to refer their origin, as has been ingeniously done, to "the days
of Ahasuerus" and the Book of Esther, when "in the third year of his reign
he showed the riches of his glorious kingdom and the honour of his
"excellent majesty many days, even an hundred and fourscore days," the
normal six months, it may be noted, of all International Exhibitions.
C 2
36
At this display in "Shushan, the palace," some five hundred and twenty-one
years before the birth of Our Lord, were shown "white, green, and blue hangings,
"fastened with cords of fine linen and purple to silver rings and pillars of
"marble; the beds were of gold and silver, upon a pavement of red and blue,
" and white and black marble, and
the vessels of gold, the
"vessels being diverse one from another." This diversity in "the vessels of
gold" is not only a proof of the perfection to which the Industrial Arts had
attained, but also lends a colour to the idea that this collection to a large
extent was International, for Ahasuerus (said by some to be identical with
Artaxerxes), as we are told, "reigned, from India even unto Ethiopia, over
"an hundred and seven and twenty provinces," and the gold and silver
work would point to India, as the purple would suggest the Tyrian dye,
and the "fine linen" the Egyptian "byssus." Later on, when Tyre, Sidon,
and Carthage became the marts of the world and the foci of Commerce,
an everchanging series of industrial marvels must, in commercial phrase, have
been constantly "on view," for Tyre, says the prophet Isaiah, "is a mart
"of nations. whose merchants are princes, whose traffickers are the
"honourable of the earth," and the prophet Ezekiel bears witness to the
extent of her commerce, in the words "Fine linen with broidered works from
Egypt, was that which thou spreadest forth to be thy sail." When the last
of her rivals had disappeared, and Carthage had been blotted out, Imperial
Rome, the centre of civilization and the repository of art, held her public
Exhibitions, in which were garnered together the spoils of war and the
triumphs of peace, trophies of art borne by the conqueror from their Grecian
homes, and luxuries ingathered from every clime where the Roman Legions
had set foot or the Standard S.P.Q.R. had been planted,-
Fine webs like woven mist, wrought in the dawn,
Long ere the dew had left the sunniest lawn,
Gold cloth so wrought that nought of gold seemed there,
But rather sunlight over blossoms fair;
Gems too they showed wrought by the hidden fire
That eats the world; and from the unquiet sea
Pearls worth the ransom of an argosy-
Apelles and Protogenes, Lysippus and Endius, Pheidias and Praxiteles, were
beyond doubt present in their works at these displays, for we are told by
Suetonius that Caligula proposed to substitute his head for that of the
Olympic Zeus by Pheidias, whilst Pliny states that Claudius actually cut out
the head of Alexander from a picture by Apelles, giving in exchange his image.
37
The very dress of the Consuls, to say nothing of the Caesars, tells of the luxurious
tendencies of the age, the cloak (toga picta) richly embroidered, the tunic
striped with purple (trabea), the shoes of cloth of gold (calcei aurati), all
products of various nations. The old Republican simplicity was no more,
Carthage with her armies had sent her luxuries, (Attalus, King of Pergamus,
who died B.C. 133, left the bequest of tapestries,) the vanquished had con-
quered the conquerors, Greece by art, Antioch by pleasure, Alexandria by
refinement; the "Serpent of Old Nile" though dead, had not forgotten its
sting. What Rome borrowed from Egypt, or rather what Egypt had of which
to be despoiled, is told in the words of Shakespeare, anent the progress of
Cleopatra:
The barge she sat in, like a burnished throne
Burned on the water;
Purple the sails, and so perfumed, that
The winds were love-sick with them; she did lie
In her pavilion, cloth of gold, of tissue.
So when Augustus reigned, monarch of the world, the once brave Romans
were "feeble vassals of wine and anger and lust; " the sword was still there,
but its edge was blunted, the hands that once wielded it were nerveless, the
steel had rusted in its golden scabbard. But as the barbarians, the forestieri
of the day, had not yet learned their own power, so the older civilizations had
felt the prowess of their common masters, and thus all alike contributed of
their substance to the glory of their conquerors. Britain, famous for its cloth
even in those days, furnished the woollens whose tints were the envy of
strangers; from the Egyptians, skilful "in combing and weaving fine linen,"
came the "byssus" cloth; Cos supplied gauzes like to the "wovenwind "
of India, of which Seneca spoke, saying, "I behold silken garments, if
"garments they can be called, which are a protection neither for the body
"nor for shame." Pliny, touching on cloth of gold, states, "Gold may be
spun or woven like wool, without any wool being mixed with it." Pope
ridicules the "charming chintz and Brussels lace" that "wrapped the cold
limbs and framed the lifeless face;" the Imperial Romans were, however,
much more luxurious, they not only flaunted in golden robes when living, but
even in death were wrapped in golden shrouds. Sometimes even martyrs as
well as masters had their golden death robes-instance St. Cecily, martyred
A.D. 230-whose shroud when discovered in the ninth century was found
drenched in her life's blood, in the language of heraldry gules and or; and the
robe of the wife of the Emperor Honorius, untouched even by the hand of all-
devouring Time, for dead in the first year of the fifth century, her grave
rr
38
remained unopened till 1544, and her poor bones were found weighted with
no less than thirty-six pounds of golden dross for upwards of 1,100 years;
nor was all this the climax of golden splendour, for recent excavations in the
catacombs of Rome prove that the goldsmiths of Tarentum had revived in
their jewellery the buried treasures of dead Etruria. Bref, each display was
doubtless a compendium of all that could manifest the resources or set forth
the wealth of the Empire of the World.
But invasion followed division, and the Empires of the East and West alike
went down before Hun, Goth, and Moslem, and dark days came when the
sword was Lord.
For many subsequent centuries such an idea as a collective display of
articles of either art or industry would have seemed a chimera beyond even
the wildest dream of the most visionary enthusiast, for though the process of
collection might and doubtless would have been tedious and uncertain, that
of distribution would have been as rapid and effective as a high-handed
process of annexation by some robber band or neighbouring potentate could
make it. Nor could even a strong body of troops have been depended on to
guard such treasures, for the greatest difficulty of all would have been
guard the guards themselves."
"to
It is not, therefore, till the year 1268 that any trace can be found of the
barest attempt to illustrate the industries of any country by means of mutual
association. In that year, however, Lorenzo Tiepolo being Doge, a strange
blending of pageantry and utility was presented in Venice, then in truth
Queen City of the Seas. The display was threefold, comprehending a water
fête, a procession of the trades, and an Industrial Exhibition.
Da Canale, the historian of the scene, describes at length the parade of the
navy, destined for the defence of the Venetian commerce in the Mediterranean,
through the silent highways of the city, gay with flags, and reinforced by
the galleys and gondolas of nobles and wealthy citizens, and as "old and
young thronged her three hundred bridges," the splendid pageant moved
on in procession through the canals until all were massed in front of the
Ducal Palace, when choruses were sung in honour of the new Doge. The
first act of the drama brought to an end, the second opened with an array of
the various guilds, who defiled through narrow streets and narrower lanes to
concentrate in force on the Piazza San Marco. Tanners and Tailors, the
professors of the sartorial art magnificent in white mantles trimmed with fur,
passed on, to be followed by Smiths and Skinners, the latter clad in taffeta,
39
lined with their most costly specimens, to be again succeeded by the Hosiers,
Mercers, Weavers, and Drapers, these last for some occult reason bearing olive
branches; then came the Glass-Blowers, Workers in Gold Cloth, habited in the
choicest products of their skill, Fishmongers, Butchers, and Victuallers; and a
brave show they must have made in blue and white, crimson and gold, green,
scarlet and yellow, as, preceded by banners and the trophies of their respective
callings, the artisans of Venice wound their devious way through street and
lane, by bridge and postern, till they attained their goal. Here the low comedy
element came into force in an episode recalling Don Quixote de la Mancha,
the Knight of the Rueful Countenance and the Helmet of Mambrino, as the
delegates of the Barbers, two in number, and attired as Knights Errant,
caracolled into the ducal presence on, what must have appeared the greatest
marvel of the day to the Venetian populace, two real destriers.
These valiant knights were accompanied by four damsels, as fancifully
apparelled as their protectors, and as they took their places they told, in mag-
niloquent phrases and truest language of chivalry, a heart-rending story of
manly devotion and womanly weakness; how by perilous adventure they had
rescued the maidens from unheard-of dangers, and how, true to their knight-
hood, they were prepared, in place of drawing the blood of their customers, to
shed the last drop of their own in the defence of the ladies. To all this the
Doge fittingly replied, praying them rather to live and devote their manhood
to the defence of the commonweal. At this shouts of "Long live Our Prince
Lorenzo Tiepolo, the noble Doge of Venice!" were raised, as the masters of
the guilds stepped forward and requested the Dogaressa to inspect the exhi-
bition of their various works set out in the apartments of the Palace.
No catalogue exists, and the historian is silent on the subject of the collec-
tion; but as he tells us that the Dogaressa expressed her delight at all she
saw, and in token of her pleasure thereat graciously partook of sweetmeats
and other refreshments, we may consider that, judging by what we know of
Venetian taste in the past and present, the gathering amply represented the
skill of the day, and so ended this most original of exhibitions, a success
doubtless, but a display which, looking at it with our lights, must, we fear,
be regarded rather as a "private view" than a "World's Fair."
Thus much for this first and most unique of Exhibitions, though we opine
that the true germ of International gatherings, whether known as Exhibitions,
Expositions, or Weltausstellungs, must be looked for in the great Inter-
national Fairs of the middle ages. The enterprise of travel begotten by the
40
Crusades had permeated from the soldier to the trader, and as security was
found in society, the merchants of those days made commercial pilgrimages
and interchanged merchandise at certain times and given places of resort.
Some of these fairs survive to our days, the most notable being those of
Leipzig and Nijni-Novgorod.
The former of these traces back its origin to the 12th century, when license
was granted by the Kaisers to hold biennial fairs at Easter and Michaelmas.
A third annual fair was first inaugurated with the new year of 1458, and the
right to hold three fairs annually was confirmed by an edict of Maximilian the
First in 1508. Leipzig is thus linked with trade, poetry, education, and
history with trade in its well-known fairs, with poetry in Goethe's "Faust"
and Gounod's music, with education in its world-known University, and with
history in the names of Napoléon and Poniatowski; and even to those
travellers who may ignore all these, the claims of the Auerbach Keller will
assert themselves through its wines and suppers; the former famous as in the
days when-
Doctor Faustus, on that tyde,
From Auerbach's cellar away ryde
Upon a wine-cask speedilie,
As many a mother's son did sec.
In France a great impetus was given to trade in the fifteenth century,
when silk manufactories were first established in Lyons in the year 1450, nor
did individual enterprise remain idle, for to the Marquis de Fulvy is due the
inception of the great porcelain factory of Sèvres, his speculation at Vincennes
being the parent of that sold to the Fermiers Généraux, to be removed
to Sèvres, and destined eventually to become, under King, Republic, Consul,
Emperor, or President, one of the national glories of France. The great Colbert,
too, has not only left his mark in the "Gobelins" (taking its name from the
Flemish Brothers Gobelin, whose dyeing house was in the Rue Mouffetard)-
and the taste which prompted him to appoint Lebrun as the first designer yet
survives in its masterpieces of tapestry-but to him is also due the "Académie
Royale de Peinture, d'Architecture et de Sculpture," founded in 1664, into the
inner circle of which not only painters, architects, and sculptors, but also
designers of woodwork, ornament or furniture were admissible.
The doctrine of the survival of the fittest is manifested in the annually
recurring fair of Nijni-Novgorod, extending over nearly two months. This
dates back to the year 1648, when at Makarieff a fair was instituted lasting
41
but five days. The facilities for foreign trade were increased, however, in
1691, and in a little more than half a century the concourse of visitors had so
increased in number that in 1750 a wooden edifice capable of containing
800 booths was erected. This in turn proved so inadequate that in 1809
another building, also of wood, but holding 1,400 shops, was built, to be
further supplemented round the main bazaar by 1,800 sheds. When, however,
this latest erection was burnt down, the locale of the fair was removed by an
Imperial Ukase to Nijni-Novgorod, where at present an iron structure (with
open galleries carried on iron columns forming ways of communication), and
having 48 blocks, comprising in all 2,500 shops, affords accommodation for the
motley mixture of merchants drawn not only from the realm of "All the
Russias," but even from China, Thibet, and Persia, to all of whom it serves
as an annual magnet of attraction.
There is another fair as noteworthy, though not so noted, as Leipzig,
as respectable too in its antiquity, for it can trace its origin back to the
fifth Crusade, the thirteenth century, the defeat of the Crusaders, and the
capture of Louis, Saint and King, and this is the great Egyptian Fair of
Tantah. Held at Midsummer and lasting for a week, more picturesque in its
surroundings than either Leipzig or Nijni-Novgorod, it is to the full as Inter-
national in its concourse and commerce. Seated in the heart of the Delta, on
the direct railway route from Alexandria to Cairo, at the junction of the
branch line to Mansourah and Damietta (the former the place where the
Cross went down before the Crescent), and inhabited mostly by "fellahs,"
Tantah has neither houses to receive travellers nor bazaars to display goods,
so the vast plain on either side of the railway is, in fair-time, studded by
thousands of tents. During the day a motley multitude surges through the
canvas streets, some to buy, some to sell, Levantines in their baggy Breton-
like pantaloons, Albanians in "fustanellas" of myriad plaits and snowy white-
ness, their greaves and jackets gay with gold embroidery, bearing an
armoury of yataghans and silver-mounted pistols in their belts, keen-eyed
Armenians in showy satin vests and frock-like coats with bright silk-lined
hanging sleeves, Persians in black Astrachan "kalpacs," Greek merchants
in fezes, and wealthy "Fellahs" in snow-white turbans jostle against
Bedawins in bournous with guns slung over their shoulders, Turkish ladies,
with their gay silk costumes, covered by the black "habbáras," Turks in
quaker-collared coats, their swarthy necks unrelieved by even a glimpse of
white, Syrians clad in costly "abbayáhs," Polish Jews in greasy gaberdines,
42
(
and with those still greasier curls also affected by the Easterns of London
Hebrews of Algiers and Morocco, black-bearded and bronzed, stately descen-
dants of the once "chosen people," in their handsome robes and rich turbans,
Fellahines," in "yasmaks," most of them having, like a lieutenant in the
Royal Navy of byegone days, an epaulet on one shoulder, only in their
case it takes the guise of a little black child scantily clad as Hans Breitman's
mermaid, and, needless to say, the ubiquitous Englishmen in puggaree.
Consider this crowd, set before them booths for the sale of cutlery from
Birmingham or Germany; arms from Damascus ; silks from Syria; woollens and
embroidery from Persia, glassware from Austria; Arab, Turkish, and Syrian
jewellery, nacre work from Bethlehem, gold and silver embroidery, toys, clothes,
pipe-stems, leather, shoes, sweets, "Rahat-Lakoum," "Raki;" add to all this
cafés, gaming booths, and rows of houses where "Almées" dance to the
music of tambourine, " darabouka" or drum, and "el-oud" or lute, light up
this scene at sundown with thousands of vari-coloured lamps till it seems an
Egyptian Feast of Lanterns-take it by day or night, and few will say that
Tantah as an International Fair is not the worthy peer of either Nijni-
Novgorod or Leipzig.
We, must, however look, after a long interval, from the pageant at Venice to
the Exhibition at Leyden in 1699, held in the theatre of that city.
If we are
to judge by the catalogue, the collection must have itself commended strongly to
the curious, not to say the morbid. Mr. John Hollingshead notes amongst the
marvels, "a Norway house, built of beams, without mortar or stone; the hand
" of a mermaid; a crocodile; and several thunderbolts." From whence the
last-mentioned were obtained, or where they had fallen, is not stated. There
were also the bifurcated garments of a Laplander, called in the catalogue by a
briefer name; the chair of a Mrs. Gamp of the period, also, set down in
choice Anglo-Saxon, and what we must esteem a calumny as the model only
was shown, "a murdering knive, found in England," whereon was written
the highly Christian sentiment, "Kil the males, rost the females, and burn the
whelps," the distinction between the two latter processes being rather
confused. A Roman lamp, "which burns always under ground," found itself in
the congenial society of a Persian tobacco pipe, whilst anatomy asserted its
right to be present, in the "stomach of a man," "the skin of a woman,
prepared like leather," and "the ears and tongue of a thief," sex unnamed,
"who had been hanged." Then as we have the "snout of a sawfish,"
a mushroom," which denied its title, being "100 years old," "Arabian
""
kr
43
jewels, East Indian corals, Egyptian linen, Chinese songs and Chinese beer,"
(whether the jodeling and the drinking were for manifest reasons named
together is unhappily not chronicled,) there can remain no doubt that in
respect of variety and selection of countries, this Leyden Exhibition must, in
one sense at least, claim the title of International. As to the question of taste,
that must remain an open one, though whether the generation that paid to
see Julia Pastrana alive, and even patronized the exhibition of her embalmed
remains and those of her little child can afford to carp at the refinement shown
in those days by the worthy Leydeners, is, to say the least, doubtful.
To pass on from this Exhibition, which might more properly be termed a
museum, or rather a drag-net of things, in themselves neither rich nor rare,
relying on the contrast more than on the merit, artistic or historic, of the
exhibits, we come to the year 1756, when the Society of Arts first inaugurated
its series of Fine Art Exhibitions, by offering prizes for improvements in
the manufacture of tapestry, carpets, and porcelain, the articles exhibited
being ranged in competition. This was followed in the year 1761 by an Exhi-
bition of agricultural and other machinery, in the rooms of the Society, for
which prizes were offered, and a gentleman engaged to explain the merits of
the various objects, this individual combining in himself the powers of a
Board of Commissioners and the attributes of a showman, and with this ended
any attempt on our part for many years to create a National Exhibition.
It is indeed to the year 1797 (the year V. of the French Republic,) that we
must look for the true initiation of National Exhibitions. In that year the
Marquis d'Avèze conceived the idea of a collective display of the industries,
originated by the Kings, and protected, when so much went down, by the
People of France. His conception was to mass together the products of the
art factories of Sèvres, the Gobelins, and the Savonnerie; his exhibition palace
was ready to hand in the Château of St. Cloud, then as now dismantled
and uninhabited, but still a palace; the Minister of the Interior, M. de Neuf-
château, was propitious, and all seemed favourable to the project.
So d'Avèze went to work with a will, the bare walls were hidden by
priceless tapestries from the Gobelins, the floors covered with the carpets of the
Savonnerie, the "Chambre de Mars" set apart for the picked porcelain of
Sèvres, and this was the beginning of Fructidor. Everything promised well. ;
in this same Chamber of Mars a Wheel of Fortune was to be set up; the
prizes were contained in the Exhibition itself; daily the courtyard of the
château was crowded with the carriages of the nobility that still remained
44
faithful to their darling Lutetia, and the day of opening was named, the 18th
Fructidor.
Alas for the vanity of all earthly things! The previous day saw the gates
of Paris placarded with the bills of the Directory, ordering all the nobility by
name,—it was, indeed, easy to count their numbers, for exile, conscription,
and the tumbril had thinned their ranks," to withdraw within twenty-four
"hours to, at least, thirty leagues from Paris," and on this damnatory list was
the name of d'Avèze.
Was ever projector so unfortunate? The success of his scheme assured; most
marvellous of all, an Exhibition ready before the day of opening, an accident
which has never happened since; he had sown well, and on good soil, the crop
had ripened through the aid of his friends, now scattered as far and fast as
postchaises and relays of horses could carry them; the artisans, who had
gleaned something welcome from the purchases already made (doubly welcome
in those days when bread was scarce and assignats still scarcer,) were looking
forward to an abundant harvest, when the vexed question of a double danger
was presented to him.
To remain was to court death; to fly was to cut off the possibility of return;
for he and he alone was responsible for the contents of the château. But
d'Avèze was a man of expedients; he sought out the Marshal d'Augereau,
and obtaining from him a troop of dragoons, he forthwith placed them in
charge of the château and its contents, and handing up the keys to the cus-
todian, Maréchan, the Marquis placed himself with all dispatch outside the
circle of conscription. In the next year, 1798 (the year VI. of the Republic),
in the Maison d'Orsay, No. 667, Rue de Varennes, he realized the scheme,
previously abortive, and the success of the display was so pronounced that the
Minister Neufchâteau carried out another Exposition in the three last days of
the same year. This first official Exhibition, with a total number of 110
exhibitors, was held in a temporary building in the Champs de Mars; in it
not only the State industries, but the manufacturers of France, that is to say
Paris, were represented. Thus Sèvres was set out side by side with Angoulème.
Leroy displayed his watches, Boule and Gonthière their furniture, and
de Thou and Grolier their typographical specimens; Vincent and David were
sponsors for the sham classicism which in those days took the name of art,
as lay figures, velvets, and bric-a-brac usurp the title in our times; and to
propitiate the populace, Napoléon, flushed with his Italian conquests, added
what may be termed a vagabond parade, the procession being marshalled
in three divisions.
45
It was headed by a succession of emblematic chariots, the first devoted to
minerals, with the motto "Every day Science discovers new products herein."
The second contained petrifactions from Verona, representing the works of the
World's antiquity; then followed cars allotted to seeds, plants of the tropics,
and animals of various climes, where, if the lion did not precisely lie down with
the lamb, a Swiss bear was shown in juxta-position to two dromedaries, and a
couple of lions were led captive by the side of two chamois. Agriculture
was represented by an array of agricultural implements from Italy, with
the inscription "Ceres smiles at our trophies," which is probably more
than might have been said of the original proprietors, and thus was Industry
honoured.
Then Literature received due recognition in allegorical tableaux, in which
old Greece and modern France received their full share, or perhaps rather
more, of blazon; and, did the procession end here, the two first divisions at this
distance of time would not deserve to be chronicled, but the third section
stands out as unique as the fame of the man to whom they all owed their
presence.
Well might these twenty-nine chariots be preceded by a banner bearing the
line "
Flock hither, Artists, your Masters are here," for when and where was
Art so fully represented. From St. Mark at Venice came the famous Bronze
Gilt Horses; the Laocoön, the Belvidere Apollo and Mercury, the Nine Muses,
the Dying Gladiator, the Antinoüs and the Venus of the Capitol met together in
captivity; the masterpieces of Domenichino, of Titian, and Paul Veronese were
flaunted before the faces of a Parisian mob, and last and greatest of all fol-
lowed the most glorious and last work of Raffaelle, that deemed worthy of the
post of honour at the head of his bier, his superb "Transfiguration." Such
was the first Art Exhibition of Napoléon.
The Directorate had merged into the Consulate and the times were unquiet,
but the master mind of the First Consul had fully realized the great advan-
tages likely to accrue, not merely to manufacturers but to the country at large
from comparison and competition, and the Minister of the Interior was there-
fore instructed to issue circulars inviting contributions for a second exhibition;
and special committees of experts were formed in each department to select
exhibits and to examine into the merits of inventions. The appeal was so
far successful, that 229 exhibitors (more than double the number in 1798)
answered to the call, and the Second Official Exhibition was held in 1801 in
the Grand Court of the Louvre. The report of the jury, composed exclusively
7
46
?
of practical men, contains one sentence almost prophetic in its truth, and fully
confirmed by the experience of all subsequent exhibitions. "There is not an
"artist or inventor who, once obtaining thus a public recognition of his
ability, has not found his reputation and business largely increased." In
proportioning the awards, the jurors paid likewise special attention to the cost
of each article, and to the best means of diminishing that cost, to the advantage
alike of consumer and producer.
A further proof of the advantages Napoléon discerned in securing the
coöperation of the industrial section of the country is manifest in the fact
that the recipients of the "gold medal" were invited by him to dinner in
his capacity of First Consul; and this, trivial as it may appear, and though it
may recall to some minds the jest of witty Canon Smith anent ourselves, “that
were an earthquake to engulph England, the survivors would celebrate the
❝ occasion by a banquet," was in reality the first recognition in France of the
great bone and sinew of every country-the middle class.
The Third Exhibition was also held in temporary buildings in the court-
yard of the Louvre, and so great had been the success of the second in stimu-
lating trade and alleviating the distress of the artisans, that only the short
breathing space of one year was allowed to elapse, the time.selected being the
Fructidor of the next year 1802 (the year X. of the Republic).
tr
The catalogue, in 48 small pages, styled this display " Exposition Publique
des Produits de l'Industrie Française," and shows the number of exhibitors to
have increased to 540, amongst whom are to be noted the names of Mont-
golfier, the proto-aëronaut; Vaucanson, the inventor of the mechanical Duck
and the Flute Player (those Wandering Jews of Continental fairs); and
Jacquard; and it was from a machine exhibited by the great mechanician at
this very Exhibition that Jacquard drew the first inspiration for his famous
loom.
Four years passed away, Napoléon had become Emperor, before the Fourth
Exhibition (the first and last duing the Empire) was held on the Esplanade
of the Hôtel des Invalides, with a total number of 1,422 exhibitors. Then the
toga gave way to the sword, then came Moscow, Leipzig, Fontainebleau, Elba,
Saint Jean, and Saint Helena, and the Bourbons reigned, but not till 1819 was
the idea resuscitated in the courtyard of the Louvre, the bede roll of exhibitors,
1,662, showing in 13 years for the Fifth Exhibition but a meagre increase
of 240; it has been said, however, though the quantity of the exhibitors stood
comparatively still, the quality of the exhibits had rapidly progressed.
47
1823 and 1827 completed the series of Quadrennial Expositions (taking
1814 as the basis, and allowing for the interval of "The Hundred Days"),
both held as before in the Louvre, the first showing 1,648 (a slight decrease)
and the latter within five of 1,800 exhibitors.
The Fourth Quadrennial never saw the light, but in 1827, the year of the
Seventh French Exposition, the Royal Dublin Society inaugurated the series
of Triennial Exhibitions in their grounds-better known to Dubliners as the
Duke of Leinster's Lawn-which worked so well and did so much to promote
and encourage Irish industries, and which were presented in regular succession
until the last, in 1850, served as the forerunner, and was fused into the mass
of International Exhibitions.
To continue the series of French Expositions, the eighth changing the venue,
was held in four pavilions in the Place de la Concorde in 1834, counting no
less than 2,447 exhibitors, with a still more marked progress amongst the
articles displayed. 3,281 exhibitors were massed together in 1839 at the
Ninth Exposition; and in 1844, the Tenth, 3,960 (of whom no less than 3,253
received awards) in temporary buildings in the Carré de Marigny off the
Champs Elysées, the site subsequently of the Exposition Universelle of 1855
The Eleventh and last purely French gathering took place in the year 1849
in the Champs Elysées, with a splendid collection of machinery, and a total
of 4,500 (within six) exponents. It may also be stated here that throughout
France, in her cities and towns, no fewer than 53 provincial and special
exhibitions have been held between the years 1803, the year subsequent to
the third purely French display, and the year 1866, the year prior to the
second and for the present, the last French International Exposition.
Before entering into the long detail of the National Exhibitions, held in
every Capital in Europe, and in almost every Arch-Duchy, Duchy, Principality,
Electorate, Margravate, Landgravate, and Hans Town of the Fatherland, it is
worth harking back to the year 1828, and "The National Repository for the
"Exhibition of Specimens of New and Improved Productions of the Artisans
" and Manufacturers of the United Kingdom, Royal Mews, Charing Cross."
Opened on Monday the 23rd of June 1828, the "National Repository," as
it was speedily called, the original name being too lengthy for a business
people to whom time is an object, ranged itself into three grand divisions:
First, "Entirely new and ingenious constructions where a new principle is
discovered, or one before known, but never practically adopted, is brought
"into operation ;"-this, in other words, embraces inventions, or such clever
(C
48
contrivances as the machine for separating postage stamps, "a principle
known" to every schoolboy that ever pin-holed his primer, but never put into
practice till utilized by the decidedly clever man who in doing so reaped a
harvest of 4,000l. Secondly, "any new adaptation of some known principle,
but in a manner essentially different from all that has been done before in
that line of manufacture or mechanical workmanship,"-this might possibly
include all the manifold varieties of sewing machine based on the invention of
Howe. Thirdly, "all improvements upon a discovery already made by which
"the preparation of any article is facilitated, or its utility increased;"—this
would seem to take in such productions as Autotypes owing their existence
to the previous discovery of photography. In this third class were included
all articles highly finished, "distinguished by exquisite taste, or which, though
manifesting art tendencies," could not fit into the narrow boundaries that
marked the art (?) of those days; in fact here one finds the ancestor of "The
Good Taste Medal" of the Vienna Exhibition.
66
The rules governing the selection of articles were admirable, and as
complete as the administrative machinery of the times allowed, the Presidents,
Vice-Presidents, and Secretaries of the various Mechanics Institutes through-
out the Kingdom being invited to form a Committee of Inspection, with
Dr. Birkbeck, the founder of these same Mechanics Institutions, for the
Chairman of the Committee.
Space was not to be charged for, and no objects were to be removed till the
close of the Exhibition, when they were to be returned to the owners, "unless
"sold by request, in which case the exhibitor received his money in place of
"his goods." The building was opened on the appointed day and crowds of
people of every rank thronged to the King's Mews, whilst that "those who ran
might read," descriptive labels were attached to the various exhibits. From
Mr. Hollingshead's able analysis of the contents we learn the variety of the
display, how there were "models of looms and bridges," "the model of a
chapel and of a new number of weavers in the act of weaving a piece of Gros
"de Naples," "beautifully executed works in chasing and cutlery," "weaving of
"silks in remarkable patterns," "models of engines and machinery for many
purposes,” “little known manufactures," and "a multitude of curiosities,” in
fact all that goes to make up an Industrial Exhibition of the present day. But
the National Repository was before its time. Nothing is so easy as ridicule, yet
"ridicule kills.” It was called "a toy-shop," visitors grew scarce, exhibitors
waxed languid, and it lingered out its existence till on the demolition of the
((
49
King's Mews in 1833, it was removed for a brief space to Leicester Square,
where it soon died of inanition. All this was not the fault of the poor Repo-
sitory; the blame rests with an age incapable of comprehending its merits,
or understanding its future results; and, indeed, what more could be expected
from a time whose fashions were absurdities, whose manners were affectations,
and whose buildings were architectural abortions.
Turning now to the Continent, we find ourselves in a vortex of Exhibi-
tions and a mass of figures, some displays purely local, others more catholic
and comprehensive, but all strictly national.
Austria, in the year 1820, started a series of local Exhibitions; at Prague,
Brünn, Gratz, Klagenfurt, Laibach, and other places, but it was not till 1835
that the first National Exhibition for the whole Empire was held in Vienna
with 594 exhibitors, to be repeated in 1839 with 732 exponents; and
again in 1845 with no less than 1,865. Prussia called together a meeting of
her exhibitors at Berlin in 1822 and 1827, to which, in the first instance 176,
and the next 208 responded; from that date up to 1844 migratory parades
of industry were held at Königsberg, Görlitz, Breslau, Magdeburg, Herschberg,
Coblentz, Düsseldorf, Halberstadt, Cologne, Aix-la-Chapelle or Aächen,
Liegnitz, Grüneberg, Erfurt, Bunzlau, Oëls, Warmbrunn, and other places
until they culminated at Berlin in 1844 in the great Teuton display, a
pageant in which all the Fatherland took part, 3,040 exhibitors assisting,
1,932 being from Prussia, and 75 from Austria. Saxony started her Exhibi-
tions in 1824, continuing them in 1831, with 169; 1834, with 786; 1837,
with 364; 1840, 323; and finally 1845, with 683 exhibitors.
The Exhibition at the Easter Fair in Leipzig in 1850, counting 1,494
Exhibitors, though held on Saxon territory was a German gathering, and
thus a sequel to the Berlin Exhibition of some six years previously.
Hanover exhibited once whilst under British rule in 1835, having 381
exhibitors, her four subsequent Exhibitions taking place in 1837, 1840, 1844,
and 1850, the total of Exhibitors in each instance being, 385, 258, 348, and
255. Such up to 1851 (subsequent Exhibitions shall be dealt with subse-
quently) was the industrial contingent of the Kingdom of the White Horse.
Bavaria early followed the example of France, by Exhibitions at Munich
in 1818 and 1819, but the results were not encouraging as neither were the
displays of 1821, '22, '23, and '27. One would not, however, have to look far
for the cause of failure; annual Exhibitions never have and possibly never
36714.
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50
will be successes; “the funeral baked meats" of one Exhibition ever « coldly
furnish forth the marriage table" of the other; 1834, however, showed the
wisdom of waiting as 779 Exhibitors were represented, the success con-
tinuing, strange to say, the next year with 944, whilst "the quaint old town
of toil and traffic, quaint old town of art and song," Nürnberg, counted 1,000
Exhibitors plus one, within her walls in 1840, and Munich in 1845 under the
presidency of King Ludwig, also had an Exhlbition of industrial products of
the kingdom.
The Electorate of Hesse had its first Exhibition in 1817 at Cassel, and the
Grand Duchy of Hesse Darmstadt scored a success in September 1842, with
seven hundred and fifteen Exhibitors-222 being natives of the Grand
Duchy, the rest, nearly five hundred, being drawn from twenty other German
States.
At the risk of being tedious, and the better to show by comparison, the
only true test, the magnitude of 1851 and its offspring, some more figures and
dates must be waded through, for all these Exhibitions were, so to speak,
fords; the time then had not come, as it has now, when it requires a strong
swimmer to breast the current of opposition, and after all perhaps it is as
well that the weakest should go to the bank.
Helvetia held her heydays of industry-at Lausanne in 1839; at Berne,
1843, 1846, and 1848; at St. Gall in 1843, and at Zurich in 1847.
;
The Netherlands at Ghent in 1820; at Tournay in 1824; at Haarlem in 1825 ;
and at Brussels in 1830 massed together her Batavian products, whilst Brussels,
after the Independence of Belgium was proclaimed, garnered together Flemish
products in 1835, '41, '47, and '48, the locality being changed to Ghent in 1849.
Sweden has not been so successful at home in her National Gatherings as she
has been abroad in International Contests. At Stockholm, in 1823, there were
but 62 exhibitors; eleven years later, 1834, 290; again, in 1860, 200 all told,
being a decrease of nearly a third, whilst four years nearer to us brought
but a poor increase of ten on the last number.
But there have been other and successful Exhibitions since 1851, notably that
at Stockholm in 1866, in which all Scandinavia (Norway, Denmark, and Finland)
was linked, the total being 4,175 exhibitors; but the purpose now is only to
show the smallness of numbers before the "World's Fair," and their increment
afterwards. St. Petersburgh saw an Exhibition for the entire Russian Empire
in 1829 with 324 exhibitors, the subsequent dates being 1833, 1839, and 1849.
Moscow held hers in the historic Kremlin in 1831 and 1835, whilst Warsaw
51
collected all that remained of Polish Industries in 1841 and 1845. In Italy, the
most noteworthy gatherings were in 1829, 1832, 1888, 1844, and 1850 for the
kingdom of Sardinia at Turin, and for the Grand Duchy of Tuscany at
Florence in 1844 and 1850. Madrid, representing all the Spains, takes the
dates of 1827, 1828, 1831, 1841, 1845, and 1850; whilst Portugal convened
her displays at Lisbon in 1844 and 1849.
Such are the blazons on the Industrial banner of the Continent, tedious to
recite and possibly still more tedious to read, but necessary still to the student
of history of Art Industry as is the alphahet to the incipient reader or the
gamut to the embryo composer.
The list, home and foreign, is, however, in commercial phrase nearly "totted;"
there are but a few who do not know how truly the Society of Arts have
upheld their motto, " Arts and Commerce promoted," and from the days of the
King's Mews fiasco, frequent collections of raw materials, previously unknown
or only heard of through books, of noteworthy manufactures, and new inven-
tions were shown in the "old room" that has witnessed so many meetings.
At various local centres of industry Exhibitions were intermittently carried
out, regularly and triennially as before stated at Dublin from 1827; and now
we arrive at the Free Trade Bazaar and the concomitant Exhibition of
Manufactures held at Old Covent Garden in 1845.
In 1846 the Prince Consort was elected President of the Society of Arts, and
almost his first advice was to "encourage the application of Fine Arts to our
Manufactures." This was the seed sown on no barren soil which has produced
such good fruit in our generation, and the Society, wisely adopting the sug-
gestion of their Royal President, instituted a Special Prize Fund, the object
being to substitute shapeliness for deformity, colour for garishness, not merely
in articles of luxury but in objects of every day use and moderate price.
The latest date for receiving designs for competition was the 15th of May
1846, and amongst the objects sent in on that date was a tea service in one
colour, the manufacture of Messrs. Minton, to which the Special Prize was
awarded. "Great events from trifling causes spring," and so it may be said
that indirectly our Great Exhibition owes its institution to a tea-cup.
It was then proposed that objects having gained a prize in 1846 should
be displayed again in 1847, at a first Exhibition of "Select Specimens of
"British Manufactures and Decorative Art ;" this was opened in March, and
despite the supineness of manufacturers was a success, 20,000 being the
number of visitors. Next March, the March of a troublous year, 1848, saw the
D 2
52
third real, though the second nominal, Exhibition, and by this time manufac-
turers had discovered their mistake and pressed exhibits on the Society, nor
was the public apathetic, as the returns show that the number of visitors in
this year was upwards of 70,000.
Then came the “Mulready Exhibition," in June; in the spring of 1849 the
third Exhibition of Manufacturers, to be followed again in June by the
sequence of the "Etty Exhibition," and embarrassed with industrial riches
the Society were in doubts how to carry out their scheme of a Great National
Exhibition of British Industry. How to carry out not only it but a far
vaster scheme was shown by the princely President, and the Gordian knot
of International prejudice was, let us hope, severed for ever.
All previous spectacles were, so to speak, parochial, the competition was in
every instance limited to the family circle; reproductions all, though doubtless
improvements one on the other; no one had the courage to depart from the
beaten track, to suggest a comparison with other countries, till the Prince
Consort struck the key note by his first suggession of an International Jubilee
which, to use his own almost prophetic words, was "To form a new starting
point from which all Nations were to direct their further exertions."
Ours is an Era of Exhibitions, and its Hegira dates from that 30th of June
1849, when the Prince Consort, at a meeting of the Society of Arts held in
Buckingham Palace, explained the outlines of that great scheme which owed
so much of its subsequent success to the rare administrative ability of its
author and founder. At this meeting Prince Albert not only suggested the
grouping of the Exhibits into Four Main Heads, Raw Material, Machinery
and Mechanical Inventions, Manufactures, and Sculpture and Plastic Art, but
he also suggested the world-known site, on the wisdom of which it would
seem unnecessary to enlarge, were it not for the fact that even so good a
judge of men and cities as the late Lord Carlisle, in his capacity of First Lord
of the Woods and Forests, had dreamt of no better a location than the
square of Somerset House; and the questions of prizes, of a Royal Commission,
and of the organisation of a popular subscription having been decided on, the
Exhibition of 1851 started forth from that meeting, ready armed like-
Minerva, on her mission of peaceful contest. From that day no time was lost
by distracting counsels or futile delays, the 3rd of January of the following
year saw a Royal Commission appointed, on the 13th of March architects
of all nations were invited to compete, the 8th of April witnessed 233 plans
submitted, on the 10th of June they were on exhibition at the Institute of
*
53
(
Civil Engineers in Great George Street, Westminster, only to be rejected "as
no single plan was so accordant with the peculiar objects in view, either in
"the principle or detail of its arrangement as to warrant them (the Building
Committee) "in recommending it for adoption." On the 18th of June Sir
Joseph, then Mr. Paxton, submitted to Mr. Robert Stephenson the rough
sketch on the blotting-pad of what was to be the Faërie Palace by the
Serpentine; in 10 days the elevations, sections, working details, and specifi-
cations were carried out; on the 6th July they appeared in the Illustrated
London News, and the suffrages of the masses secured, on the 16th they were
accepted; on the 26th the tender of Messrs. Fox and Henderson was ratified;
on the 30th the contractors took possession of the ground; on the 15th
August the charter of incorporation was issued; and on the 26th September
the first column was in its place.
tr
It is worthy of note that France contributed the greatest number of archi-
tectural competitors amongst foreign nations, her total number of designs
being 27 against the 11 forming the combined total of Belgium, Holland,
Hanover, Hamburgh, Naples, Switzerland, and Rhenish Prussia. London
architects were naturally in great force, 128 coming from the realm of
Cockayne, whilst the provinces furnished 51, and Scotland and Ireland
respectively 6 and 3. Of all these but two designs accompanied by models
were specially noticed by the Committee, those of Monsieur Horeau of Paris,
and Messrs. Turner of Dublin, "as evincing most daring and ingenious
disposition and construction." The pet design of the Building Committee
possessed but one notable feature, a dome of iron 200 feet in diameter. This
idea was regarded as preposterous, and theorists aired their objections both
by pamphlet and letter. It was proved to demonstration that such a dome
could not be erected in the time specified, or, if erected, that the walls of
brickwork would not bear the strain; they would collapse inwardly, the
outward thrust would involve walls and dome in a common ruin, and whilst
the denunciators all disagreed one from the other, "their unanimity was
wonderful" in condemnation. The absurdity of all these objections has been
since proved, and Mr. Scott Russell had the satisfaction of verifying his
theories at Vienna by the erection of a dome no less than 354 feet in diameter
his original design aiming at a Cyclopean Cupola of 800 feet. All this
hostility had, however, one good result, for it nerved Sir Joseph Paxton
to submit his views to the Committee, and as he had proved their practica-
bility at Chatsworth, the Committee were only too glad to secure their retreat
from a position they found untenable.
54
Once the Committee had confirmed the verdict of the public, Sir Joseph
found loyal coöperation amongst those whose advice was most valuable; the
rival friends Brunel and Stephenson, Sir Charles Barry, Sir William Cubitt,
and Sir Digby Wyatt all furnished suggestions, but still the battle of the
Exhibition had not been fought out. Lord Brougham was only too happy to
embrace an opportunity for some of his philippics, the theme being "closing
one of the lungs of London," whilst the Bayard of crotchets, Colonel Sibthorp,
stood up in defence of the hamadryads of Hyde Park. It is a thrice
told tale to say how the elms were spared, and that to their preservation
was due the glorious transept (the building as originally planned resembled
nothing so much as three orange boxes, decreasing in size, piled one on the
other) that recalled the mot of the late King of Saxony on Chatsworth, "a
tropical scene with a glass sky." Events march rapidly in our times; the
quarter of a century has removed many of the actors from this mundane scene,
the Princely Founder, the eminent engineers, the able architect, the eloquent
critics, all have passed away since that May Day, when as if by
A wizard's rod,
A blazing roof of lucid glass
Leaped like a fountain from the grass
To meet the sun.
But their work survives, '51 was the Adam of Exhibitions, and the Crystal
Palace the Eve of a numerous posterity.
Without dwelling too long on details, it may be well before passing on to
halt for a few moments and let facts and figures tell their own story of success.
The building covered over 20 acres, its length in feet corresponded with the
year of its erection, being 1,851, it cost 193,1687. 10s. 2d.,-the twopence is a
triumph of financing,-it was open five months and fifteen days, it produced
506,100%. 68. 11d., the surplus, an Exhibition aloe that never has flowered
since, was about 186,000l.; the total number of visitors was 6,039,195, and
the total receipts, both at the door and from season tickets, amounted to no
less than 423,7921. 48. 7d.
The aggregate number of exhibitors was 13,937, of whom Great Britain
contributed 6,861, the Colonies 520, and the rest of the World 6,556. Persia
furnished 12, China 30, Greece 36, and Denmark 39, to this array, a
remarkable contrast to their muster-roll in subsequent Exhibitions. The
estimated value of the contents was 1,781,9297. 118. 4d., of which the propor-
tion set down to Great Britain and her Colonies amounted to no less than
55
1,111,5087. 19s. 9d., exclusive of the priceless spoil of the "old Lion of the
Punjaub," the historic and matchless Koh-i-noor.
The awards consisted of the Council Medal, ranking with a Diploma of
Honour, the Prize Medal, and a Certificate of Honourable Mention, distri-
buted as follows: Council Medals, 171; Prize Medals, 2,954; and Honourable
Mentions, 2,123.
The glass and iron mode of construction has since made the circuit of the
globe; New York in 1853, the "second edition," revised and improved, at
Sydenham in '54, the miniature copy at Melbourne, and the Glas Palast at
Munich in the same year, the Dublin Exhibition of '65, the Paleis Van
Volksvlyt at Amsterdam in '69, were all modifications of the great example of
1851, whilst the experience of a quarter of a century has suggested no
more fitting materials than iron and glass for the Industrial Building of 1876.
But the Great Exhibition did not alone endure in its prototypes or in
a series of World's Fairs; all these are but a means to an end, its truest
monument is to be found in its offspring, South Kensington Museum and its
compeers; by their means the blossoms of one display have become the fruits
of the next; the taste for the beautiful, by their example, has been spread
broadcast all over the earth, and Art has become the ally and not the
antagonist of Industry.
Not this alone, but in the words of the Princely Founder, we begin at
length to realise how much the world is a gainer "by peace, love, and ready
"assistance, not only between individuals, but between the nations of the
earth," and slowly but surely draw near to "that great end to which all
66
history points, the realisation of the unity of mankind. Not a unity which
"breaks down the limits, and levels the peculiar characteristics of the different
nations of the earth, but rather a unity, the result and product of those very
"national varieties and antagonistic qualities."
<<
South Kensington Museum may be regarded as an A B C of Art (the
number of visitors from its beginning show at the present day an aggregate
of nearly 15,000,000), barely tolerated at first, laughed at by those who regard
every innovation with the same eyes as Hollanders look on an incipient fissure
in a dyke, and possibly for a similar reason, as the tide of popular feeling has
gradually opened up the chink it had made in the dam of ignorance, and now
the waves of art-culture have spread over and fertilised the land.
It was
said, look at your buildings, is that your boasted taste? and indeed the
56
"Brompton Boilers" were but a rude husk for so sweet a kernel, but, as the
proverb says, "Rome was not built in a day," so it required time for the truth
to triumph; now the casket is worthy of the gems, and of no institution
in our land are Englishmen more proud than of our great Art Museum. It
was the schoolmaster at home, it taught the masses through their eyes, its
nucleus consisting of gifts and purchases to the extent of 9000l. from
the Exhibition of '51, bit by bit it was built up, treasure by treasure
it was added to, no large sums were voted for it; here was a
purchase, there a gift or a bequest, until in this present day it recalls
in many features the Green Vaults of Dresden or the Imperial Treasury
of Vienna. It was the first to realise the fact that for women there
were other occupations than the needle, whether that of the little steel
stiletto, the sewing machine, or the telegraph, and the results are everywhere
apparent, in the porcelain of Minton, in the black and white designs of the
illustrated papers, in the "Roll Call" and the "Quatre Bras" of Miss
Thompson.
Every age has had its collectors, but also its dispersers, the hammer
of the auctioneer has been as fatal in its effects as that of the iconoclast,
the sale of a week has dispersed the accumulation of a lifetime, or under
every favourable circumstance the besom of the housemaid has been frequently
as destructive as the playful gambols of "the domestic cat" or the fire caused
by the melting pot of the plumber. All that is now, humanly speaking, a
thing of the past; treasures of bygone art are massed together, not to be
separated again until an invader finds London "a pleasant city to sack,"
whilst still more has been effected, the fact that the millions appreciate their
property has moved the possessors of stored-up artistic wealth liberally to con-
tribute of their abundance, and thus make the beggar wealthy as the King,
for both can but enjoy.
Loan collections have become an institution, that of 1862 was a rival even
to its mighty neighbour, with such relics as the distaff of Marie Stuart, the mitre
of à Beckett, and the cap of good, brave Sir Thomas More. Since then history
has been taught more effectively by the Loan Collection of Historical Portraits
in 1866, '67, and '68 than by a course of Hume and Smollett washed down by
Macaulay. In the first year were shown portraits from the earliest periods to
1688, many as apocryphal as the Gallery of Kings at Holyrood, but including
such genuine works as the Chandos and Lumley Shakespeares, and illustrating
thoroughly the great (great in its literature) Elizabethan age. A minor poet
has chronicled this Exhibition well in some verses, two of which run thus—
57
Great Eliza had a fancy for being painted very often,
With her silk brocaded dresses, stuffs and jewels passing rare,
But though Spenser praised her beauty, not all Holbein's skill could soften
The dark frown upon her features, and her concentrated stare.
Then there's winsome Marie Stuart, and though some say stain of sinning
Cast its shadow on the fairest flow'ret that the White Rose gave to earth,
I would hold my youth's allegiance and believe that one so winning
Was as pure as she was noble, and as gentle as her birth.
The second carried one on from our Revolution through "the tea-cup days
of hood and hoop, and, when the patch was worn," through bespattered
Bolingbroke, gentle Dickey Steele, Pope, that note of interrogation, crooked
in mind as in body, kindly Addison, lazy Thomson, burly Johnson, gossiping
Boswell, "Pamela" Richardson, the great Dean, witty Sterne, Oliver Gold-
smith, (he needs no pet epithet,) Burke who roused the nations and sent
the Commons to sleep, Sheridan, wit, statesman, orator, and dramatist,
Burns, ploughman, poet, and patriot, Chatham, Charles James Fox, "the
divine William" of his friends and "bottomless Pitt" of his enemies,'
Curran, Grattan, Wilberforce, whose fame survived through his gifted son,
William Hogarth, Gainsborough, Sir Joshua, Watts, all of whom, children
of the eighteenth century, serve to relieve the monotonous mediocrity of
a stupid and inglorious era. The third exhibition, in 1868, took up "the
story of our island song" to the previous year, and certes, though we
may laugh with "gentle Goldy," and say with him anent great Twalmy
and his patent iron, "no age so great and no times so important as ours,
there is little doubt that this our nineteenth century will come forth trium-
phantly from the unimpassioned criticism of future times, Who so bold as to
deny that Byron, Coleridge (whose name yet survives in writs as well as
writings, and whose successors go far to disprove the old theory that brains
do not descend), Brougham, Canning, noble sire of noble son, Scott, Keats,
Southey, Tom Moore, Shelley, Hood, Campbell, Macaulay, Rogers; the pen-
Hogarth of our day, Charles Dickens; Thackeray; the kindly-hearted satirist,
Jerrold; Turner, Wilkie, Wellington, Nelson, the Napiers, the Lawrences,
Havelock, who “dead still keeps the realm he saved," Outram the Bayard of
India, the engineers Brunel, father and son, the Stephensons, Wedgwood,
and others who, in diverse ways and by different means, have all striven to
exalt our age, will survive as names of power, whose fame the English-
speaking world will not willingly forget. Nor was this allowed to be the
mere sensation of a season, but, calling the attention of the nation to a
national want, lent considerable aid to the permanent Valhalla of our worthies,
the National Portrait Gallery.
58
Later on the public, both travelled and untravelled, have learned as much
from the Meyrick Collection, as it could have from the Zwinger at Dresden,
or the Ambras Gallery in the Lower Belvedere. 1872 saw three notable
collections; the varied and cosmopolitan treasures of the Duke of Edinburgh,
where the modern gold and silver work of Australia, the bronzes and lacquers
of Japan, the "Kooftgàri" work of India, the "Kahilis" or Royal Standards
of the Sandwich Islands, and the porcelain of the Flowery Land, egg-shell,
crackle, turquoise, sang-de-bœuf and clair de lune all were massed together;
the collection of musical instruments which ranged from the organ-tiger of
Tippoo Saib to the spinet of Queen Elizabeth, and the monster bass-viol of
the Duke of Leinster; and finally the superb accumulation of jewellery.
("
In this last the art-student could trace personal adornment down from the
jewels of Queen Aahhept, the mother of King Aahmés, who founded the 18th
dynasty eighteen hundred centuries before Christ, and was not only coeval with
Abram and Sarai, but was the identical Pharaoh who was "plagued with great
plagues because of Sarai, Abram's wife," and who was contemporary with
the expulsion of the Shepherd-Kings. On went the list through the cunning
handicraft of the Greek and Etruscan periods, to the massive forms of old Rome
and the delicate art of the gold workers of Tarentum, till it passed into the
Cinque Cento, and on to the revival of Benvenuto Cellini and the tasteless garish-
ness of the age of Rococco. Here too were historical tokens, such as the Darnley
jewel, made about 1576 for the Lady Mary Douglas in memory of her husband,
Regent of Scotland; a reliquary of Catherine of Braganza; a pendant of
another Queen and Catherine yclept Parr; the sapphire ring thrown from the
window by Lady Scrope, that was borne northward by relays of horses as fast
as the beacon flash that told of the coming of the Armada, and that welcomed
the first of the Stuarts to the throne of the last of the Tudors; the gift to
his Queen from the lion-hearted Drake, and the missal cover of Henrietta
Maria, unhappy daughter of an unhappy sire, Henri Quatre, a more unhappy
mother, Marie de' Medicis, and wife and widow of a most unhappy King.
1873 saw a collection of needlework, rich in art and historical interest; copes,
chasubles, stoles, and maniples, the pall of Sir William Walworth, the baby-
linen basket wrought by his mother for James the First, and the baby-linen,
never needed, worked by Elizabeth for her sister Mary. Then later the offshoot
of South Kensington, Bethnal Green, laid open to the teeming masses of London
an art academy for the million in the unrivalled cloisonnerie, the bronzes, and
the masterpieces of Rembrandt, Van Dyck, Greuze, and Meissonier lent by
the liberal-minded Sir Richard Wallace. But South Kensington has done still
more; at home not only has it put life into the dry bones of fossil Art Schools,
59
and established flourishing Schools of Design in all our centres of industry, but
abroad it has set the example followed in every country that pretends to civili-
zation, and thus is in truth the ancestor of all the Art Industry Museums of
the World. To sum them up briefly, it is sufficient to name the Conservatory
of Arts and Trades at Paris, the Museum of Industry at Brussels, the Museum
of Art and Industry on the Stuben Ring at Vienna, with its treasury of the
King of Hanover, the Magyar Ipar Museum at Buda-Pest, the Art and
Industry School of Carlsbad, the Museum of the Minister of Commerce for
Schools of Art in Austria, the Brünn, Lemberg, Cracow, and Reichenburg
Museums, for Moravia, Galicia, Poland, and Bohemia respectively.
Then come the Museums of Berlin, Königsberg, Nürnberg, Munich, Carlsruhe
Cassel, Hanover, Hanau, Hamburg, Leipzig, Stuttgart, Darmstadt, and that
of quaint old Lübeck, whose merchants once made the proud boast,
You can want no more I'll swear
Than the honour of a Lübecker.
Running through the list we find "Auld Reekie" with its Museum, rich in
Icelandic art-lore, Keltic, Danish, and Gothic relics, Stockholm, Milan, Turin
and Florence, St. Petersburgh, Moscow, and Helsingfors, and, across the
Atlantic, the Massachusetts Museum of Fine Arts in appreciative Boston,
Even Turkey has its School of Industry at Constantinople, whilst Yedo has
inaugurated a Museum which only needs that Japanese works of bygone days.
should be gathered together to make it an art bourne for the art-workmen of
the West. South Kensington is the parent acorn of all these oaks, it set the
primal example and to the World's Fair of '51 it owes existence. To it
and to its founder the world owes a debt beyond all monument. As
for the benefits that the art-industry of every country has derived from
these several Museums they are patent, and manufacturers everywhere agree
that for the future in the marts of the world commerce must go hand in
hand with taste.
In 1852 came a lull after a tempest of success, and as "when a well-graced
actor leaves the scene, the eye but idly follows him that enters next," so the
Cork Exhibition held in the Corn Exchange by "the pleasant waters of the
River Lee," did not receive the full meed of merit it undoubtedly deserved.
Still, as the daily admissions marked the number of 74,095 in the total, and
the admissions by season tickets numbered no less than 54,936, for a provincial
display it must be pronounced a success.
60
1853 witnessed two International Exhibitions, one at New York, the other
at Dublin. The Exhibition at Cotham owed its origin to the enterprise of
Mr. John Jay Smith of Philadelphia, who conceived the idea of transporting
en bloc the contents of the palace of Hyde Park to New York, and exhibiting
them in a building of somewhat similar construction. Modelled in the form of
a Greek cross, with a central dome for occasions of ceremony, and, following
its prototype of '51, constructed of glass and iron, the building itself was almost
perfect both in design and execution; but the originator fell ill, and as all
Napoléon's Marshals could not make the man, so when the idea passed into
the hands of a joint stock company, it succumbed to circumstances, for divided
counsels brought delays, and its history may be briefly written as failure and
its end fire.
The International Exhibition at Dublin owed its initiative to the public
spirit of William Dargan, whom his countrymen delighted in calling, from
his favourite attitude, "the man with his hand in his pocket," as the local
rhymes_ran :
Hard work filled his coffers with gold,
For the good of mankind he'll unlock it,
For science and art, thousands freely are told
By the man with his hand in his pocket.
What William Dargan did through his long, laborious, and honourable life,
forms a prominent chapter in the history of men who have risen; born in the
Barony of Forth, in the county of Wexford, a spot selected by the invader,
Kelt, Norman, or Cromwellian, from the days of the Milesians downwards, he,
with his congeners of Wexford, stands forth as a true type of the energy
begotten by the mixture of races.
A very young and also a very poor man, but God-gifted with sterling brains,
indomitable pluck, and untiring industry, he carried out the contract for the
construction of the first railway in Ireland, that running between Old Dun-
leary (now Kingstown) and Dublin, and towards the close of his career, he
devoted his wealth to the truest patriotism a man can show, not the raising
of fences across which the right hand of fellowship cannot extend, but the
development of the natural resources, brains, and industry of the land of his
birth.
up
William Dargan proposed to spend 20,000l. on a building at Dublin to
receive the industries of the Nations, but as the idea grew so grew his
gifts, until his contributions reached the total, unequalled for any individual
for a similar purpose, of 80,000%.
61
The Exhibition of '53, unlike that of '51, was built mainly of wood, its
site was the lawn of the Royal Dublin Society, and the general idea it gave
was of five Brobdingnagian vegetable marrows laid side by side, the front
presenting five ovals in roof and walls. The main hall was 425 feet in length
by 100 in width, and 105 in height; and the side aisles ran in lesser
proportions, there being no transept. Naturally the Exhibition as an Inter-
national display could not compete with the superb congeries of '51, but in
some respects it proved in advance of its time.
Thus, in its Picture Gallery, which the Art Journal described as "some-
thing astonishing," comprising as it did, not only the canvases of living
artists, but the masterpieces of the old masters, it anticipated 1855. In
Sculpture, it could boast of one of the two works known to have been executed
by Raffaelle, an exquisite boy and dolphin in marble; the cast of this had
been preserved for years with religious care in the Gallery at Dresden, the
original having been supposed to be lost.
But still more was carried out in this quiet, little Exhibition in old Eblana,
for in it was first instituted that "roll call" of the “ History of Labour” that
formed a prominent feature at Paris in 1867. The Age of Stone, illustrated
by relics got together from caves, grottoes, graves, and dolmens, was shown in
flint arrow-heads, kelts, and hammers; the Age of Bronze, of spear-hilts,
daggers, hatchets and spears found in bogs or in the excavated remains of
lacustrine dwellings, was displayed through the changing types of warring
tribes until one reached a period that in the outcome of its labours would
reflect credit on even the much vaunted civilisation of our times.
The Gallery
of Paintings must be passed over with but scant courtesy; however, as
Van Dyck with his portraits of the Ormondes, Lely, Reynolds, and Hogarth,
the latter in the Charlemont Gallery, including his "Gate of Calais," were
present, the series cannot be deemed uninteresting, even in our days of salons,
institutes, and academies.
The apartment, for it was no more, consecrated to ancient Irish Art,
furnished as complete a series as was possible of its remains. Not only did
the Royal Irish Academy contribute its collection, second only in value, but
not inferior in interest, to that of the Royal Museum at Copenhagen, but also
through the good offices of Lord Talbot de Malahide, a kindred collection of
Keltic remains was brought together from the greater sister, and thus
England and Scotland was represented, in kindred examples, the Queen
contributing the gold torques found in Sherwood Forest, puzzles to anti-
62
quarians, and possibly "loots" of bold Robin Hood from some passage of
pilgrims.
This Museum of Irish Antiquities was still further enriched by the collection
exhibited at the meeting of the British Association at Belfast, whilst Oriental
art-industry was fully exemplified by the East Indian Collection contributed
by John Company," reinforced by that of the Asiatic Society, the private
museum of Field Marshal Lord Gough, and a unique selection of Japanese
antiquities from the museum at the Hague lent by the Dutch Government.
(C
The hall in which these were displayed was in itself an architectural study,
being divided into a nave and chancel by casts from the six-times recessed arch
of Tuam Cathedral with its strange Egyptian carvings, and the east end was
lighted by three large circular headed windows copied from the same edifice.
The entrances were formed of carved and inscribed doorways copied from
ruins in various parts of the country, and the west door by the large
circular window of the eighth century taken from Rahan Cathedral. All this
gave a sense of unity to the contents, comprising in addition to thevarious
specimens of art work, casts from the two large crosses of Monasteraboice
and four smaller originals, one from Tuam. In the cases were to be seen
torques, fibulæ, bracelets, rings, bullæ, boxes, and discs, including some of the rare
double-disced objects peculiar to Ireland, the use of which is not known. The
mere money value of all these was immense, one of the torques weighing no
less than 27½ ounces, and a bracelet not less than 17, both of the purest gold.
There were other objects that recalled-
Old legends of the monkish page,
Traditions of the saint and sage,
Tales which have the rime of age,
And chronicles of eld.
Cumhdachs, or silver and jewelled cases of quaint workmanship, containing
illuminated manuscripts of the Gospels, the Book of Armagh, date 807,
Psalms attributed to St. Columba, and the Domnach Airgid set in an exquisite
silver shrine. This portion of the Exhibition was most noteworthy, as it
afforded an opportunity for the expert to compare the various changes in
style from the handbell of St. Patrick to the golden bell of St. Senan, whose
Malthusian propensities have been commemorated by Moore. This latter was
peculiarly interesting, its covers dating from the earliest historic period
to the beginning of the fourteenth century. Further specimens of the
goldsmith's art were shown in the various reliquaries, such as the shrine of
St. Manchan, the bosses of which were enriched with most intricate work,
63
that of St. Lachtin, in the shape of an arm, the chasing being peculiarly
delicate, whilst such examples as the Tara brooch and the well-known
knob brooches, the knobs formed like arbutus berries, recalled the Etruscan
specimens that have taxed the ingenuity of even Signor Castellani to
reproduce. All these, with ancient croziers, antique harps, like that of Brian
Boroimhe, and the Regina Cithararum, or Queen of Harps, brought the past
as vividly before the mind of the spectator as the Pompeïan Museum at
Naples, or the collection of old Greek and Genoese antiquities at Kertch. The
Roman period was illustrated by some waxed tablets with Latin inscriptions
found in the bog of Maghera, county Derry, and probably once the property
of some Roman legionary who relieved the tedium of his "rota" in Britain
by some elk stalking in the sister island. Such were some of the lessons
taught by the Dublin Exhibition of 1853; and if its contents have been
dilated on somewhat at length it is solely because it first set an example
which has been so largely followed, and with such beneficial results; for to the
study of ancient examples, we owe much of our modern art progress. The
duration of the Exhibition was from the 12th of May to the 31st October,
Her Majesty, accompanied by the Prince Consort and the Prince of Wales,
then a lad of twelve, visiting it in state on the 29th of August.
Munich in 1854, with her 7,005 exhibitors drawn from every part of
Germany, presented a total unsurpassed until the World's gathering at Vienna
in "73. The building, which still survives, designed by Herr Voit, was
constructed of glass and iron, and recalls in many features the exemplar of
'51, the main difference between them being the substitution of a square-
towered transept for the well-known circular roof. For a building devoted
purely to national display its extent was considerable, being no less than
850 feet in length by 85 in height. In this same year a Norwegian
Exhibition was held at Christiania, whilst the Latin races competed amongst
themselves, the Italians at Turin and Florence, and the Spaniards at Madrid.
During all this time the French had been busily planning the details of
their first International gathering. The decree appointing Commissioners for
an Exposition Universelle to be held at Paris in 1855, with Prince Napoléon
as President, was signed by the Emperor on the 24th December 1853. This
was not to be merely an industrial congress, but an International display of
arts; this "crowning of the edifice" originating with the Empress Eugénie.
The main building, as all know, was the Palais de l'Industrie in the Carré
Marigny, which has since witnessed so many changes, at one time welcoming the
64
Royalties of Europe, at another devoted to the service of contemporary art
and then again desecrated to be a receptacle for a show of dogs or horses.
The building, with its façade of stone, is undoubtedly an ornament to the
Champs Elysées, but the builder's bill was a heavy one, amounting to no less
than half a million. There were many modifications to the original design,
including a rotunda, styled the panorama, set apart for the display of the
jewels of the Empress and those of the Queen of Portugal, and choice
specimens from the looms of the Gobelins and the ceramics of Sèvres. This
building formed the bond of union between the main structure and the annexe
devoted to raw produce and machinery, which extended for three-quarters
of a mile along the Quai de la Conference from the Place de la Concorde
to the Pont de l'Alma, abutting on the Avenue Montaigne, in which was
situated the Palais des Beaux Arts.
The financial history of 1855 was an unpleasant memory, the expenses
amounting to not less than a million, whilst the receipts, all told, came to
but 128,0997. 88. A portion of this deficit must be set down to unreadiness,
the opening taking place on the 15th of May in lieu of the 1st, and even
then the several departments were inaugurated in detail, the agricultural on
the 5th June, the annexe on the 10th, and the panorama no sooner than the
30th. But once fully opened, it was an undoubted success, and the smallness
of the receipts may be partly attributed to the kindness of the Emperor,
who set down the sums for admission on so low a basis that the poorest of
his subjects could enter, there being 20 centime days, whilst on the 27th May
the doors were opened gratuitously to all comers. The duration of the Ex-
hibition was from the 15th May to the 30th November, a total of 200 days,
Sundays included; the number of exhibitors was 20,839, being an increase
of half on the London total of 1851, whilst the visitors attained the maxi-
mum of 5,162,330, against 6,039,195 in 1851, scoring, however, on Sunday
the 9th of September, 123,017 as the greatest number, against the 109,915
registered on Tuesday, October 7th, 1851. The Fine Art Gallery was, how-
ever, the feature of the Exhibition, it being the first contemporary Interna-
tional display of any magnitude. Visitors to it will doubtless remember the
statue of Minerva, formed of ivory, gold, and gems, and evolved from records
of the marvellous work of Pheidias in the Parthenon. The original was, so
say historians, 40 feet in height, this reproduction executed by M. Simart,
for the Duc de Luynes, being, needless to say, of much more humble propor-
tions. Each country had its separate salle, an honour conceded also to Ingrès
65
and Horace Vernet, and as many Englishmen at Paris for the first time
came face to face with the canvases of Rosa Bonheur, Corot, Daubigny,
Millet, Delacroix, Gustave Doré, Edouard Frère, Gérôme, Meissonier, Robert
Fleury, Troyon, Knaus, Tidemand, Madrazo, Verboeckhoven, Baron Leys,
and many others whose names a are now "household words;" so the English
gallery was a revelation to Frenchmen, extorting from one of their greatest
critics, Théophile Gautier, the admission, "The English School is original,
original as the people that produced it."
Before proceeding further it may be well to note that in 1854 Victoria held
its first Exhibition at Melbourne, in a palace of glass erected on the site of
the present Mint, a subsequent Exhibition being held in the same building
in '61; the Intercolonial display of '66-'67 taking place in a building
intended to serve as a Public Library, which has been added to at the
succeeding Exhibitions of "72-73, preparatory to the Vienna Exhibition, and
that of the past year, Intercolonial also, the Colonial rehearsal of the coming
drama.
Passing on through the local industrial celebrations at Brussels in '56,
Lausanne in '57, with 2,050 exhibitors, Turin in '58, and Hanover in '59, it is
well to halt for a brief while at '57 and recall the unequalled Fine Art Exhi-
bition at Manchester. Never before or since has such a mass of artistic wealth,
both of old masters and the modern school, been congregated together; art
indeed was everywhere prominent, even in the arrangement of the great
hall with its statues and groups of armour, separated and set in little islands
of greenery. Heirlooms were contributed from all parts of the kingdom; the
Royal Academy sent its diploma pictures, and to the zeal and industry of
Peter Cunningham is due the germ of a British Portrait Gallery, running
through our British worthies from Henry IV. to Keats, and enriched with the
works of Holbein, Van Dyck, Zucchero, Sir Peter Lely, Sir Joshua Reynolds,
and Sir Thomas Lawrence. Not only artistically but financially was it a success,
and Manchester may well be proud of the fact that the admissions reached a
total of no less than 1,336,715, the total receipts being 83,520.; the figures tell
their own tale.
Greece in '59 not only revived the Olympic games-"We have the Pyrrhic
dance as yet, where is the Pyrrhic phalanx gone," but also inaugurated her
first Exhibition at Athens with the creditable number of 947 exhibitors. 1860
was a very remarkable year, for nowhere, even in the realms of Prester John,
the principality of Monaco, or the kingdom of the Grand Lama of Thibet, can
E
36714.
66
the smallest trace of an Exhibition be found. Yet not so; even the consolation
of proving the rule by the exception is denied to the searcher after truth.
Stockholm in this year had its Exhibition, the number of exhibitors being 200.
1861, however, made amends; Dublin had its Art Exhibition, Edinburgh
its Exhibition of Art Treasures, and Italy its first National Italian display at
Florence. This last demonstration had its locale in a building skilfully adapted
for the purpose; formerly a railway station built from the designs of the
younger Brunel, assisted by Mr. T. H. Wyatt, it was so contrived that the
industrial section occupied the ground floor, whilst the upper story was set
apart for the Art Exposition; machinery, agriculture, and zoology having each
its separate edifice.
Overshadowed by the loss the nation sustained on the sad 14th of De-
cember '61, the Great International Exhibition at London in 1862 had to
struggle against the absence of Court ceremonials, and to rely for success
solely on intrinsic merits. The building of brick, unornate, not to say plain,
was externally distinguished by two domes, one on the axis of each transept.
These domes, composed of iron and glass, rose to a height of 200 feet, were
crowned by ornamental finials 55 feet high, and had each a diameter of
160 feet. The main building was a parallelogram, about 1,150 feet long by
560 wide, and the total area roofed in was 988,000 square feet, the total space
covered and uncovered amounting to no less than 1,231,000, and the total
cost some 460,0007. The domes and the Picture Galleries were the great
successes of the designer, Captain Fowke, and the erection of the former by
Messrs. Kelk and Lucas was a triumph of engineering skill.
In the industrial and machinery sections the progress was marked in every
branch, but it was in the department of Fine Arts that the '62 Exhibition
stood preeminent. Here not only was Continental Art fully displayed, but
here may the glories of English Art be said to have culminated, that unrivalled
collection being almost exhaustive, giving us works well known from
engravings, but many of which as paintings had, up to that time, been sealed
books, kept under the guardianship of lock and key in Royal and Ducal
galleries, and here for the first time thrown open to the world's gaze. Here
were Hogarth, Gainsborough, Reynolds, Wilkie, and a goodly company of
those great masters of British Art who had passed away, with those giants
of the palette, Maclise, Mulready, Clarkson Stanfield, Sir Edwin Landseer, and
David Roberts, who have since been taken from us. 30,000 people assisted at
the opening by the Duke of Cambridge; 2,000 choristers and 400 musicians.
67
gave effect to the setting by Sir Sterndale Bennett of the Poet Laureate's ode,
and the effect, both of sight and sound, was one of unsurpassed magnificence.
Other Exhibitions had been noted for the absence of those slaves to the
"leaden messengers, that ride upon the violent speed of fire," but here, in
Tennyson's words-
Were trophies brought from every main,
And mixt as life is mixt with pain,
The arts of peace with those of war,
and it would seem impossible to say whether the doors of the Temple of
Janus would open wide or remain for ever closed. The Exhibition opened on
the 1st of May, a notable feature on that day being the presence of the
Japanese Ambassadors, and closed on the 15th November, being a total of
171 days. The amount received was 408,530l. 18. 8d., and the number of
visitors 6,211,103, the maximum being attained on Thursday, October 30th,
with 67,891. 1863 can count but two Exhibitions, one for the Duchy of
Nassau at Wiesbaden, the number of exhibitors being no less than 1,317, and
Constantinople with its exposition, comprising the natural and industrial
resources of the empire.
In 1864 the "Merseburg "Industrial Exposition was held, taking in Saxony,
Hanover, Weimar, and Eisenach, Gotha, Anhalt, Meiningen, Schwarzburg,
Sonderhausen, and Rudolphstadt, and thus constituting itself a German
Exhibition.
1865 saw many varied gatherings, all International, that of Amsterdam
being devoted to flowers, at which, strange to say, neither black tulip, blue
dahlia, or green rose, put in a claim for the Grand Medal of Honour, Paris,
calling a cheese conference, at which Stilton, Cheddar, Glo'ster, Gruyère, Brie,
Roquefort, Bondon, evil-smelling Limberger, Liptauer, Schapziger, Parmesan,
Gorgonzola, Ementhaler, and Gouda stood forth as the representatives of
casein; whilst the displays of Dublin, Oporto (3,911 exhibitors), and Stettin
(1,451 exhibitors) appealed to the general mass of industries.
The Dublin Exhibition of 1865, like that of '53, owed much to the libe-
rality of a citizen, the munificent donor on this occasion being the late Sir
Benjamin Lee Guinness. The building, a gossamer-like structure of iron and
glass, was opened on the 9th of May by the Prince of Wales in the presence of
some 10,000 spectators, and was closed on that day six months, having been
open 159 days and 51 evenings, the total number of admissions, exceeding
900,000, being an average of 5,000 by day and 3,000 by night.
The Dublin Exhibition of '65 did not belie the reputation it had gained in
E 2
ぜ
​68
'53, and many of the works of art then exhibited, both paintings and statues,
were retained to adorn this country. The Sculpture Gallery will, like the
Roman Court in '62, long remain a pleasant memory for those fortunate
enough to have seen them. Philadelphia, it may be also noted in '65, con-
vened manufacturers from all parts of the United States. The Scandinavian
Exhibition of '66 has been already spoken of, and it may be here mentioned
that the Empire of the Brazils had in this year an exhibition of raw products
at Rio Janeiro, comprehending 2,374 exhibitors.
"(
Between the Avenue de la Bourdonnaye and the Avenue Suffren, on an
historic site, stood in 1867 the edifice denominated by the Emperor Napoleon
as a “magnificent gasometer." To Prince Napoleon is due the conception of
the idea, and the words of the Imperial Commission fully describe it "An
area with two main entrances, manufactures, and products of cognate natures,
“to be arranged in concentric bands, with a garden in the middle. The
"different nationalties to intersect the bands by transepts or avenues
"radiating from the centre." Admirable in theory, you passed down one of
the spokes of this monster wheel, and you saw all that the country had to
show; you went round an ellipse, and the relative qualities of similar produc-
tions in various lands were all presented. But as all "nations need what
other lands produce" so the displays were irregular, and the theory fell to
the ground. The external ring of the building was devoted to machinery,
the internal to the "History of Labour," beginning with Gaul before the
use of metals, and ranging through the first and second epochs of caves, the
age of stone, the age of transition and of lacustrine dwellings, free Gaul, and
Gaul under the Romans, the days of Charlemagne and of the Carlovingian
Kings, the Moyen-Age, the Renaissance, and all the changing fashions at home
and abroad down to the commencement of the last century-a magnificent
idea in truth, and superbly carried out. Indeed in every sense was the
Exhibition of '67 a marvellous spectacle, with its park studded with
mosques, Russian "slobodas," Swiss châlets, Tunisian kiosks, Swedish
cottages, English lighthouses, Egyptian palaces, (with a Museum of Egyp-
tiology arranged by Mariette Bey,) stables for dromedaries, a temple, and an
"okel” or caravanserai, all massed in picturesque confusion.
One feature of the Exhibition was the engineering triumph of the age and
of M. Ferdinand de Lesseps, the model of the Suez Canal, with its navy of
dredges, steamers, and boats. All this shown to the wondering eyes of Kings,
Kaisers, and canaille sustained the historic reputation of the scene. For
69
here on this Champs de Mars did noble, abbé, proletarian, great lady, and
grisette work at the mounds that were to circumscribe the theatre of the
Fête de la Fédération; here did Louis XVI. on a new altar swear to a
newer constitution, here, in the words of Lamartine, had the "Red flag,
streaming with a nation's blood, made its sanguinary circle"; here had the
first Exhibition of manufactures been held in 1798, and here, during the
Hundred Days had the First Napoléon, on this same Champs de Mars,
(re-christened Champs de Mai,) at another altar taken oaths to another code.
Few spots have condensed more history in a brief space of time, nor was the
present event unworthy of the past memories. To speak now of the practical,
the Exhibition opened on the 1st April and closed on the 3rd November,
a total of 117 days, Sundays included; the total number of visitors was
6,805,969 ; that of exhibitors, 42,217, and the amount received, 420,735l. 78. 2d.
The greatest number of visitors on any one day being 173,923, on October 27th.
Leeds in 1868 linked Art with Charity in an Exhibition rivalling the Man-
chester gathering of '57, her display of last year stopping short at the prosaic
and practical. In '69, Amsterdam, and in '68, Roumania, at Bucharest, had their
Exhibitions, whilst Altona and Cassel in '70 repeated the oft-told tale; Russia,
in the same year, renewing her expositions of the Empire at St. Petersburgh.
At Moscow, in 1872, the Polytechnic Exhibition, held in the historic Kremlin,
marked an era in Russian industrial history; the Dublin Exhibition of the same
year of arts, industries, and manufactures, with its museum and national
portrait gallery, attracting 420,000 visitors during the 154 days and 58
evenings it remained open.
The Weltausstellung in the Prater of Vienna made memorable a year
otherwise unnoteworthy, but the splendid pageant of '73 is so much a thing of
to-day, that there seems little reason to again describe the main building
with its rotunda (within which all the domes of the world could be enclosed),
surmounted by the monster model of the Imperial crown, its jewels
winking in the sunlight, "polished perturbation, golden care," its hall
with marvels of machinery, its Palace of Fine Arts, its Museum of Amateurs,
its Agricultural Halls, and the four hundred buildings set in its splendid
park, the Persian palace with its mirror mosaics glistening in the sun
Turkish, Egyptian, Japanese, Roumanian, Styrian, Swiss, Russian, Kirgish,
Samwede, Sclav, Moorish, German, Bohemian, Hungarian, Italian, Polish,
French, and English dwellings all scattered amidst woodland scenery; and
as Paris in 1867 placed on view the triumph of her engineer, so Italy put
70
in evidence the latest result of human skill in a monster model of the mouth
of the Mont Cenis Tunnel, railway, signals, and train complete. People then the
scene with all the nationalities of the world, recount all the personages in the
Almanac de Gotha, guests of Franz Josef and the beautiful Empress, and one
can somewhat realise the events, facts, fêtes, and faces of 1873. 186 days was
it open, Sundays included; its visitors were 6,740,500, and its receipts
206,477,137.
So from the five Great International Exhibitions (London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855, 1867; Vienna, 1873) we get a total of 32,959,097 visitors, and a cash
aggregate of 1,588,1647. 10s. 10d.
The Annual International Exhibitions at South Kensington in 1871, 1872,
1873, and 1874 did not realize the expectations of their promoters, for though
the first year yielded a large profit, the public interest rapidly died out, till
the scheme was abandoned before half the proposed term had expired.
It is only necessary, in conclusion, to say that the tally of Exhibitions is
completed up to the present time with the mention of the International
Exhibition of Maritime and River Industries at Paris and the International
Exhibition of Chili held at Santiago, both in the past year. Two omissions,
however, have been made, one being the International Cattle Shows held in
connexion with the Exhibitions of '62, '67, and '73, respectively at Battersea,
Billancourt, and the Prater; the other, a still more important one, the first
Exhibition of the Japanese Empire held at Kiôto of the objects destined for
the Vienna show. This, opened on the 17th of April 1872, was so successful
that the original limit of fifty days was extended, and the Exhibition did not
close until the end of July. The next year the Mikado decreed an exposition
on a much wider basis, presenting a comparison between the past and present,
and even affording a glimpse into the future of Japan. Exhibition buildings
were found ready to hand in the Buddhist temples of Chiônin, Kenninji, and
Nishi Honguanji, the latter being two miles distant from the two former;
and as Old Niphon was represented in ancient armour, and dresses, bronzes,
gold and silver work of Kiôto and Osaka, rare vessels of "Sahari," formed of
an amalgam of silver, pewter, and copper, relics such as the "Yeboshi"
cap, worn by the Great Taiko Sama, silver coins aged 1000 years, old porcelain
from the factories of Banshu, Owari, Bizen, and Karadzu (the latter most
esteemed of all), so New Japan contributed her lacquers, papers, and silks, the
porcelain of the day comprising the wares of Seto, Kiôto, Awata, Kaga, Sampei,
Saga, Nagasaki, and Satsuma.
or
71
This year (to say nothing of the Finnish gathering at Helsingfors,)
will witness two expositions of more than usual importance, America's grand
gathering in the pleasant park of Fairmount by the Schuylkill River, and
the Exhibition at Brussels to lessen human suffering, save human life, and
put into practice the teachings of the Founder of all our creeds. Thus
will the Centennium be worthily celebrated by "peace and good will to all
men;" it is for England and America to set an example to the nations, for
this Hundredth Birthday of Young America is not only merely a holiday on
one side of the Atlantic, it appeals to all who speak the mother tongue;
it is a bell that rings for "the unity of the English-speaking world;" it tells
us how we muster in our strength seventy-six millions of freemen speaking
the tongue of Shakespeare, of Byron, of Washington Irving, and of Long-
fellow, and as the cable joins the lands, so it should join the hands, and with
them the hearts; once unite those who speak the old language, whether
from the Old Country, from the States, from the Dominion, or from Australasia,
and the peace of the world is secured; once agree that "blood is thicker than
water" and nothing can ever again separate England and America save the
Atlantic.
HUGH WILLOUGHBY SWENY.
#
NAMES OF FIRMS (WITH DESCRIPTION OF THEIR EXHIBITS) WHO HAVE
LENT, OR PROVIDED FREE OF CHARGE, OBJECTS FOR THE USE OF THE
BRITISH EXECUTIVE COMMISSION.
196
:

75
OBJECTS LENT OR PROVIDED FREE OF CHARGE TO THE BRITISH
EXECUTIVE COMMISSION.
Appleby Brothers, Emerson Street, S.E., London.
THREE PORTABLE STEAM CRANES.-One crane similar to the accompanying engraving. Fig. 1 is designed
to work loads up to three tons, and is specially constructed
for use on Railways. It is mounted on a wrought-iron
carriage fitted with axle boxes, bearing springs, buffers,
and draw springs the same as on an ordinary railway truck
or carriage, so that it may be coupled up behind a loco-
motive, and rapidly taken wherever required; this renders
the crane a far more useful tool to Railway Companies than
if it were mounted on axles running in rigid bearings. It is
claimed by the manufacturers that much saving of time and
money might be effected by the employment of a few cranes
of this type in place of the many fixed cranes now employed
at Railway Stations, some of which are not required for
service perhaps once a month, and it must be evident to any-
one that it is far more convenient to be able to bring the
lifting machine to the load to be dealt with, than to have to
take the load to the crane. The framework of the crane

FIG. 1.
carriage is built up of wrought iron, and a strong cast-iron plate is fixed on the centre of carriage into which
the crane post is keyed, and on which the turned roller path is situated. The crane performs four distinct
operations by steam, namely, lifting the load, travelling along the lines, altering the radius, and revolving
round the post. The cylinders through which the power to perform these various operations is obtained, are
fitted with link reversing motion, and are fixed at a slight angle outside the side-frames. These side-frames
are strong A-shaped castings on which are carried all the bosses and bearings required for the various motion
shafts, &c. There are four speeds of lifting for loads of varying weight, and the loads may either be lowered
by steam, or by means of a powerful brake provided on the barrel shaft, which is actuated in the usual manner
by a strap and foot lever. The brake lever is furnished with a pawl to hold it down, so that the heaviest
loads dealt with may safely be left hanging for a short time. The travelling motion is obtained by a shaft
passing through the centre of the crane post, this shaft giving motion to a horizontal one under the crane
carriage; from this latter shaft the power is conveyed to the axles by pitch chains, which allows for the
76
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
deflection of the bearing springs. When the crane is coupled up behind a locomotive the motion just described
is thrown out of gear. The jib is a STRAIGHT wrought-iron lattice jib, combining the requisite amount of
stiffness with the minimum weight compatible with safety. The radius of the jib is altered by means of a
double chain and worm, and tangent wheel; this arrangement not only forms an easy plan of obtaining the
large power necessary, but the worm locks the jib in any required position. The turning or slewing motion
is obtained through a set of bevil wheels and friction clutches on the crank shaft; and can be worked in either
direction simultaneously with any of the three other motions. The friction clutches drive a vertical shaft
which in its turn through a train of gear drives a turned roller running on the roller path, and situated at the
foot of the jib. This motion being obtained entirely by the friction of surfaces and not through the medium
of toothed gear on the base-plate, the risk of breakage due to careless driving is entirely avoided. The price
of the crane Fig. 1 as above described, to lift three-ton loads at 14 feet radius, and proportionately lighter loads
at longer radii with steam travelling motion, with iron jib, and boiler felted and lagged,

Packed and delivered at Liverpool
Set of duplicate parts for ditto, ditto, ditto
£615 0 0
£15 0 0
Two other cranes exhibited by the same firm are each capable of dealing with loads up to FIVE TONS; they
are illustrated by engraving Fig. 2, and, although very similar in general appearance to the 3-tons crane
described above, they vary from it somewhat in detail. One
of these cranes (No. 43) is fitted with all the four motions
detailed above, whilst the other (No. 41) has only three of
the four motions, the travelling motion being omitted. They
are both mounted on PLAIN CAST-IRON CARRIAGES, with rigid
bearings for axles, and are not adapted for running at very
high speeds. The various operations are performed by exactly
the same means as in the three-tons crane, excepting the
travelling motion in which the pitch chains are replaced by
bevel gearing, the whole of the parts being of course pro-
portioned to the loads to be handled. The price of the crane,
Fig. 2, as above described, to lift five-tons loads at 14 feet
radius and proportionately lighter loads at longer radii,
with wood jib, boiler not felted or lagged, with steam
travelling motion (No. 43),

FIG. 2.
Packed and delivered at Liverpool
Set of duplicate wearing parts for ditto, ditto, ditto
£610 0 0
£15 0 0
Price of the crane, Fig. 2, to lift five tons as above described, but not to travel by steam (No. 41) is 257. less.
Cranes exactly similar to those exhibited have been mounted on gantries of sufficient height to allow of the
free circulation of locomotives and rolling stock beneath them; many such may now be seen at work at Middles-
borough Docks in England; at Callao Harbour in Peru; at the new Amsterdam Docks in Holland, and in
other parts of the world. Information may be obtained of Mr. John t'Hoen, at the Office of the Royal British
Commission, Exhibition Building, Philadelphia.
...

OBJECTS LENT, ETC.
77
Aveling and Porter, Rochester, England; 72, Cannon Street, London; 43, Exchange Place, New
York; 9, Avenue Montaigne, Paris.
AVELING AND PORTER'S ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY'S FIRST PRIZE AGRICULTURAL LOCOMOTIVE
ENGINE, FITTED WITH THEIR PATENT SIDE-PLATE BRACKETS.
TER
These engines have
been designed expressly
for Steam Cultivation,
Thrashing, Sawing, Pump-
ing, and removing Agri-
cultural produce. The
boiler is unusually large,
made of best quality plates,
and tested up to 200 lbs.
on the square inch; the
fire-box is of Lowmoor
iron.
It has a single steam-
jacketed cylinder mounted
on the fore end of the
boiler, to prevent priming
and to economise fuel.
The bearings of the crank-
shaft, counter-shaft, and
driving-axle are carried
by the side plates of the
fire-box extended upwards.
and backwarks in one
piece for this purpose. This patented arrangement is shown in the illustration, and is an improvement in
the construction of engines of very great value, as it saves the boiler from the strain otherwise put upon it by
the working parts, and minimises the risk from strained bolt holes. The driving-wheels are of iron; the engine
is steered from the foot-plate, and in short the general characteristics of the Agricultural Locomotives are
the same as those belonging to Aveling and Porter's Road Locomotives.
Dėsteśïjjìiasa v. sją villaİ
>2<<x</areÿiewysomiwieśairings:zimej vzamije
Each engine is provided with flywheel, governors, and powerful brake; a complete set of wrenches, screw-
hammer, firing tools, oil can, spare gauge glasses, studs for driving-wheels, extra safety valve, and steam.
pressure gauge are also supplied, free of additional charge.
Two of these engines, fitted with cranes, have been employed by the Commissioners of the Philadelphia.
Exhibition in removing and lifting heavy material.
The engine to which the Royal Agricultural Society's First Prize was awarded was one of Aveling and
Porter's 10-horse power Locomotives, fitted with a single slide and ordinary link motion, and it indicated
35-horse power, with a consumption of three and one-fifth pounds of coal per horse power per hour, nine other
engines competing.
Not only was the First Prize for Road Locomotive Engines awarded to Aveling and Porter at the Royal
Agricultural Society's Meeting, at Wolverhampton in 1871, but the Society's First Prize for the best waggon
suitable for Traction Engines was also given to them, after a very complete series of competitive dynamo-
metrical trials with waggons of all classes.

淼
​78
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
AVELING AND PORTER'S STEAM ROAD ROLLER, FITTED WITH THEIR PATENT. SIDE-PLATE BRACKETS.

હું સિંગલ
h
豹
​RE
This machine is a spe
cial adaptation of Aveling
and Porter's ordinary
Road Locomotive to the
purpose of road rolling
and in its design and con
struction every improve
ment suggested by long
experience has been
adopted.
The engine is carried
upon four rollers of equal
width, as shown in the
engraving, the two hind
ones acting as drivers,
and the two in front as
steering rollers. These
latter cover the space be-
tween the two driving-
rollers, and
and are made
slightly conical in order
that on the ground line they
may run close together
while leaving room above their axle for the vertical shaft which connects them to the engine, and which
serves to support the forward part of the boiler; at the same time play is given to the vertical shaft for the
rollers to accommodate themselves to the curved surface of the road. The machine can be turned round in
little more than its own length, thus enabling it to roll steep hills without injury to the fire-box, while
retaining the manifold practical advantages of the horizontal over the vertical boiler for locomotive purposes;
amongst which may be enumerated absence of priming, economy in fuel, wear and tear, and much lower
centre of gravity. It may be also noted as important features of these rollers that they are adapted for driving
stone-breakers or other fixed machinery most economically when not required for rolling and for use as
traction engines. They are managed by one person.
With each Roller the following free extras are supplied: feed oil can, box spanner and set of spanners,
screw-hammer, two gauge glasses and washers, set of firing irons, and tube brush and rod.
Aveling and Porter introduced the Steam Road Roller in the year 1868 and have since then manufactured
a great number of them. Among other places they are now working in London, Edinburgh, Liverpool,
Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds, Sheffield, Bradford, Hull, Huddersfield, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Brighton,
Darlington, Middlesbro', Blackpool, Kidderminster, Walsall. New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, Washington,
Newhaven, Auburn, Hartford, Newark, Richmond, Bridgeport, St. Louis, Pittsburgh, Wilmington, Rochester.
Berlin. Vienna. Pesth. Milan. Christiania. Stockholm. India. Canada. South America. Australia.
West Indies.
The utility of road rolling is now generally appreciated, and when it is affirmed that a saving of 40 or 50
the cost
per cent. in the cost of road repairs results from the employment of steam rollers, there seems little need for


OBJECTS LENT, ETC. [
79
prefacing the description of the rollers themselves with observations upon the economy of using them. The
reason of the great saving is obvious; the road being made for the traffic and not by it, the expenditure of
material is diminished; the stones, instead of being left loosely upon the surface to encounter the grinding
lateral pressure of the wheels, are forced by direct vertical pressure into the bed prepared for them, along
with a binding material that fills up the interstices and-affording support for the stones-keeps them in
position with one surface only exposed to the abrading action of the wheels; the whole coating is consolidated,
and there remains a surface hard and smooth enough to resist the disintegrating action of rain or frost.
Municipal authorities, contractors, and others can be furnished on application with a pamphlet containing
full details of sizes, weights, and prices of the various rollers made by Aveling and Porter, together with
official reports from the several towns working them.
Prizes-Gold Medal at Beauvais (France), 1869; Silver Medal from the Royal Agricultural Society at
Manchester, 1869 Gold Medal at Lille (France), 1870.

Barnard, Bishop, and Barnards, Norfolk Iron Works, Norwich, England.
Registered Slow Combustion Stoves, Fire Baskets with Andirons, patterns of Andirons, Sun Flowers in
wrought iron and wrought brass, supplied to the British Staff Quarters. Garden Chairs, Lounges, and
Tables of wrought and cast iron, in various designs, some of the lounges and chairs having canopies;
supplied for the gardens and grounds adjoining the Staff Quarters.
DESCRIPTION of an ORNAMENTAL PAVILION in Cast and Wrought Iron, designed by Thomas Jeckyll, Esq.,
5, St. George's Terrace, Queen's Gate, London, manufactured by this firm, and exhibited by them in the
main Building.
This Pavilion, which is intended for use upon a Lawn, or Ornamental Grounds, is 35 feet long by 18 feet
wide, by 35 feet high to the extreme ridge. It is mounted upon a Dais of four steps. It has two Floors, the
upper of which is reached by a Spiral Staircase. It is supported by 28 square columns placed 2 feet 6 inches,
apart.
The Ornament in the shafts of these columns is of a very rich and varied character. At a height of 7 feet
6 inches from the ground, a Transom Bar connects the columns. The lower Verandah is supported by cast-
fron Brackets, firmly secured to the columns.
The outlines of these Brackets are in all cases alike, but the enrichment of their spandrils is varied by bas-
reliefs, the subjects of which are studies from the "Apple Blossom, with flying Birds," "Whitethorn with
Pheasants," "Scotch Fir with Jays," "Sunflower," "Chrysanthemum, Narcissus, Daisy and Grass, with a
Crane and rising Lark," &c., &c. These brackets further support the Gutter and Cresting of the lower roof.
The Cresting forms a wavy line which is surmounted at intervals by Fans richly carved, having for their
subjects studies from the Rose, Honeysuckle, Chrysanthemum, Hydrangia, &c. Between each Column,
beneath the Transom Bar is a richly-carved pendent ornament forming an arch. Above the Transom Bar,
and between it and the Gutter, are richly-carved open-work key pattern Panels, in which are numerous
medallions of various designs, being studies from Butterflies, Bees, Birds, Fish, with many quaint and
geometrical patterns.

These are
The upper floor is surrounded by a wrought-iron Balcony Railing, 4 feet high, of a light and severe design,
exhibiting how much grace can be produced by mere straight lines when they are properly arranged.
The upper roof is supported in its turn by 20 columns of a similar design to the lower ones.
connected by a Transom Bar, above which is a rich open-work fish-scale Panel supporting the upper Gutter,
with Cresting and Fans of a like character to the lower ones. The Brackets, however, upon these Columns
are of a different outline to the lower ones, and the spandrils are filled with many designs of a bolder character.
80
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Between each Bracket, both upper and lower, is a richly ornamented Ceiling of a combined floral and geome-
trical pattern, the Chrysanthemum being taken as the type of its ornament.
The Roof, (the rafters of which are of wrought Tee iron,) is covered with zinc, in curved tiles, and is
surmounted by an elaborately carved Cresting. The Fascia and pendent ornament beneath the Balcony, and
overhanging the lower roof, is of a quaint and effective design.
One of the most important and novel features of this work is the Railing which surrounds the entire building.
This is 4 feet 6 inches high, and is entirely of wrought iron. The Sunflower has been taken as the type of
its ornament. The Railing is divided into 72 panels, each of which is occupied by a Sunflower 3 feet 6 inches
high, the flower itself being 11 inches in
The appearance of this Railing is of meter, having carefully veined leaves, six in number to each

flower.
it is believed to be unrivalled of its kind.
a most striking and unusual character, and as a piece of workmanship
Want of time has prevented the Pavilion being finished in its entirety, but it is intended, when completed, to
have a rich ceiling to the upper and lower compartments composed of cast iron Panels in bas-relief, and the
upper floor will be approached by an ornamental Staircase in cast-iron. Whilst upon exhibition at Philadelphia,
the Ceilings and the upper portion of the walls of the Interior will be covered by a silken cloth having rich
embroidery upon it, specially designed by Mr. Jeckyll, and executed at the Royal School of Art Needlework.
In this the Horse Chestnut, Cranes, and various Birds form the elements of decoration.
Cooper & Holt, 48, 49, 50, Bunhill Row, London, E.C. The Furniture in the house of the British
Commission, in Fairmount Park, comprising Sideboards, Dining and other Tables; a Patent Reversible Oak
Billiard and Dining Table and Cue Stand; Stuffed Lounges, Settees, and Chairs; the Cabinets, the Carved
Oak and Walnut Mantel Pieces and fittings for the Offices and Staff Quarters have been also supplied by
this Firm.

Daniell, A. B., & Son, Manufacturers of China and every description of Earthenware, by Special
Appointment to Her Majesty, 46, Wigmore Street, London, W. Dinner, Dessert, Tea and Coffee Services,
"Fine Art" Porcelain, Pottery, and Ornamental Vases, for decoration of the apartments, Toilette
Services, &c., all supplied for the use of the Executive at British Commission House and Staff Quarters in
Fairmount Park.
#
Eastwood & Co., Limited, Belvedere Road, Lambeth, London, S.E. Lime, Cement, and Brick Manu-
facturers and Merchants, Makers also of Portland Cement (from the Medway earth and grey chalk).
Red and Blue Broseley Roofing Tiles, Red Terra-Cotta Chimney Shafts, as supplied for the British Executive
Staff Quarters. Staffordshire Blue Chequered Pavements and Blue Bricks. White Glazed Bricks and
Tiles. Adamantine and other Stable Clinkers. Sanitary Glazed and Drain Pipes. Red and White Suffolk
Facing Bricks. Shoebury Malm Bricks. Stourbridge, Newcastle, and Welsh Fire Bricks, Lumps, and Tiles.
Moulded Bricks of all Patterns. Red Yorkshire Paving and Roofing Tiles. Roofing Slates. Roman and
Parian Cement. Bristol Tempered Lime, and all descriptions of Builders Goods.

Elkington & Co., Manufacturing Silversmiths, and the Original Patentees of the Electro-Plate, 22,
Regent Street, and 45, Moorgate Street, London; 25, Church Street, Liverpool; St. Anne's Square, Man-
chester; Manufactory and Show Rooms, Newhall Street, Birmingham.
Decorative Table Plate relieved with Electro Gold and Oxydised Silver, Gold and Silver Damascened

OBJECTS LENT, ETC.
81
Contributed for use and for decorative purposes at
Works of Art. Electro-type fac-simile reproductions.
the British Staff Quarters.
Galloway, W. & J., & Sons, Engineers, Manchester.
THREE "GALLOWAY" STEAM BOILERS.
CUID
2
Stana
SECTION OF THE "GALLOWAY" BOILER FLUE AT BACK END, SHOWING (1875) PATENTED IMPROVEMENTS.
These Boilers are contributed by the makers at the request of the Executive Commissioners for the British
Section, to enable them to exhibit a type and form of Steam Boiler of acknowledged excellence, and which is
extensively used in Great Britain; and at the same time to supply steam to the engines in connection with the
British Section.
This form of boiler is known as the "Galloway Boiler," and has been in use in England for upwards of
25 years. It is regarded as the most economical and efficient steam generator now made, having rapidly
superseded the ordinary Cornish plain cylindrical boiler, with one circular flue running from end to end, and
the Lancashire boiler, which is of a similar description, but having two flues instead of one.
The construction of the "Galloway Boiler" will be readily understood by examining the model which is
placed in the British boiler house. It will be seen that in the cylindrical shell is placed an internal fly
consisting of two furnaces at the front end, united into one back flue of an irregular oval form.
36714.
F

82
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.BRITISH SECTION.
3
This flue constitutes the chief feature in the "Galloway Boiler," and in it are placed 33 conical wa
tubes, each 10in. diameter at the top or large end, and 5țin. diameter at the lower end, fixed in an uprig
position, in such a way as to support the flue, and to intercept and break up the flame and heated gas
when passing from the fire-grate or furnaces to the chimney. Along the sides of the flues there are a
placed several wrought iron stops or bafflers, which deflect the currents of heated air and cause them
impinge against the tubes, so as to absorb all the available heat possible.
The conical water pipes, or "Galloway Tubes" as they are now generally called, present a direct heati
surface to the action of the flame, &c., this effects a great saving of fuel; they also promote rapid circulati
of water, and thereby maintain that unifo temperature which is so essential to the durability and safety
all steam boilers. Unequal expansion or contraction is avoided, and its attendant evils; undue strains a
eventual rupture.
An important improvement has just been effected in the construction of the original Galloway boile
which the makers have patented, and which is introduced in the three boilers now exhibited.
This improvement consists in the arching of the bottom part of the oval back flue, by means of whic
greater facilities are furnished for
A further advantage is also obtained by having the conical tubes all radiating from one centre, they a
and are interchangeable.
consequently one uniform lens and examining the lower part of boiler when required.
The three boilers here shown are each 28ft. long by 7ft. diameter, and are made suitable for an ordinar
working pressure of 75 lbs. to the square inch. The shell or casing is made of Bessemer steel plates 3-in
thick, double riveted in the longitudinal seams. Each of these boilers is capable of supplying steam to drive
condensing engine indicating 300 horse-power.
The two furnaces are each 2ft. 9 in. diameter by 7ft. 6in, long, made of steel plates in three rings, flange
and riveted together so as to prevent any seam or rivet heads being exposed to the action of the fire.
The mountings or boiler fittings include all the modern and most approved appliances for the safe and
economical working of the boilers, as now worked in England, viz. :—



Thig
Wrought iron furnace-frames and doors, fitted with slides and baffle plates, to re
gulate the admission of air to the combustion chamber, and to prevent smoke.
Fusible plugs are also placed in the crown of each furnace as a safe-guard agains
overheating, in case the water within the boiler should be reduced below the safe line
of working.
Wrought iron solid welded manhole, Water Gauges in duplicate, Steam Pressure
Gauge, Check Feed Valve, Brass Blow-off Cock, Scum Apparatus, for collecting and
discharging any impurities in the water within the boiler, Steam Junction Valve, Dead
Weight Safety Valve, Lever Safety Valve, and low water and high steam Alarm
Whistles, &c. lo
With these boilers the makers also exhibit three "Galloway" or Cone Tubes,
similar to those fixed in the oval flues, but which are now being very largely intro-
reland duced into both single and double flued boilers, a model of which is also exhibited.
pher wok These tubes are welded and flanged from one plate, and can be formed to suit any
size of flue or combustion chamber.
"GALLOWAY" TUBE.
When applied to single or double flued boilers they are generally fixed crosswise, so
as to present as large and direct a heating surface as possible to the flame and heated
gases passing through the boiler.
Heboard These tubes not only promote a saving of fuel ranging from 15 to 20 per cent.
።**
+170C

OBJECTS LENT, ETC.MYTE ÄMT
83
but they strengthen the flue in such a manner as to render hooping with angle or tee iron unnecessary, the
circulation of water is also promoted, and unequal expansion prevented.
These tubes are made by special machinery, and can be supplied whenever necessary, at two or three days
notice.
on for
The manufacture of these tubes and boilers by Messrs. Galloway and Sons has now been carried
many years, and their establishments in Manchester bear testimony to the increasing demand which is made
for this class of work. With their present appliances many thousand tubes, and from 300 to 400 boilers per
year, are made and dispatched to all parts of the world.
M
Gardner & Sons, 453 & 454, Strand, 3 & 4, Duncannon Street, London.
LAMPS FOR DOMESTIC PURPOSES.-These lamps are all arranged to burn petroleum on Messrs. Gardner's
improved duplex [doubled wick] principle, which improves their illuminating power and makes it possible to
get rid of the old unsightly globe. In the offices of the British Commission are patterns based on mediaval
models, reproduced in brass repoussé and polished, with twisted serpentine columns, crystal and ruby glass,
which are combinations not attempted before. There are also hanging lamps on the same principle, some of
which are especially constructed for office use.
The barracks and other buildings belonging to the British Commission are lighted by lamps on the same
principle adapted to their various purposes.
In Messrs. Gardner's cases are lamps of this description in designs executed in silver and gilt plate,
which are reproductions of classic, renaissance, and Indian styles. In these cases also are reproductions of old
English candlesticks.
READING OR STUDY LAMPS.-In electro plate, but made also in brass or bronze. Burn colza or any
vegetable oil, and are especially recommended on account of their convenient form and soft light. They
also made to burn paraffin and the heavy mineral oils known as mineral sperm.


SURGICAL LAMPS.-Used in the Franco-Prussian War.

SHIP CABIN LAMPS.-New designs of cabin wall lamps on the duplex principle in electro-plate and in
brass, &c. A section of one of the lamps supplied to H.M.S. "Alert" and "Discovery" forming the Arctic
Expedition of 1875. This is a strong lamp, riveted together, and fitted with a double case of copper, the
intervening space being filled with felt to prevent the coagulation of oil and to permit the consumption of fat
or tallow if needed. The flame is three inches high and equals 26 candles. Silver Medal awarded, Paris
Maritime Exhibition, 1875.
dend end doidw agaiblied
THE SOLDIERS LAMP.-Designed for and exhibited by permission of H.M.'s Indian Government. Can be
used as a hand lantern, or suspended or fastened to a tent pole. Will burn steadily under a heavy wind, and
the ventilation is not liable to become clogged as in out-door lamps where gauze is used as a protector. The
glazing is common window glass, which in case of breakage can be easily replaced.
THE TRAVELLING LAMP.-Burns mineral or colza oil and contains one week supply, will keep steady in
any draught; is arranged as a suspending or table lamp and fits in a small and very light tin case, without
packing.

bridle paths. oda ir
PATENT STIRRUP LAMP.-For use by exploring parties, or on rough bridle paths.
TRAVELLING READING LAMP. For use in private cabins, railway compartments, &c. Made with patent
self-acting fastenings. Pocket size.
SHIP or MILITARY BAND LAMP.- Adapted for the circular band stands and constructed to light two music
stands at once.
F 2

84
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
REGISTERED TRAVELLING, READING, SHIP, OR TENT LAMP.-Gives a powerful light and is extremely
portable and easy to manage. Contains 18 hours' consumption.
PATENT SAFETY POWDER MAGAZINE LAMP.-Designed by request of the Home Office to burn in gunpowder
magazines and other dangerous places in perfect safety, and to exclude the powder which is found floating in
magazines and stores in the form of fine dust, which in other lamps collects inside, and is sure, when much is
collected, to explode. This explosion passes through the gauze, and is almost certain to convey incandescent
particles of powder to the magazine store. The supply and exit air passages are under and over a series of
screens, that is to say, air to support combustion enters the lamp under an inverted outer ledge and then passes
through the holes made in the casing to a narrow space formed by an inner lining, so that the air must first pass
up to reach the holes in the casing, then down the inner space, and finally up a narrow space between. The
top part of the lamp is constructed on substantially the same principle, that is, the exit air passages are made
zig-zag; but in case they should ever become clogged with soot, two out of three parts which form the passages
are hinged to the casing, and are secured by a spring lock, so that when these parts are unbolted they can be
turned back on their hinges and easily cleared of any soot that may have become deposited therein. The
bottom and sides of the lamp are immoveable, and the burner is dropped in through the top of the lamp, which
is secured with a spring lock as already mentioned.
Every detail of the outer casing has been carefully considered, and there are no projecting parts where dust
can settle and accumulate. The lamp has a bull's eye lens in front; the side lights are glazed with glass one-
eighth of an inch thick, protected by strong copper wire. The handle moves on a pivot. The burner is a
1-inch flat wick and a reflector is added to increase the brilliancy. The lamp and lantern is made of copper,
bright tin, or tin japanned. The highest temperature ever observed on the outside of the lantern has been 126°,
the exploding temperature of gunpowder being 600°. Adopted by the Government, Thames Conservancy, &c.
Silver Medal, Paris, 1875.
MILITARY OR TRAVELLING CANTEENS.-Each canteen contains every table requisite in full size for four
persons, including plates, knives, forks, spoons, cups, cruet and flask, made of nickel silver or electro-plate and
packing in a small leather case.
Lewis, John, 78, Watling Street, London, has supplied all the carpets laid down in the British Staff Quarters.
These have been manufactured by him at Halifax. The style of the carpets is "Illuminated Indian” intended
to be rich and at the same time in retirement and in correspondence with the subdued furniture for these
buildings which has been selected by the British Commission.
Mr. Lewis received the Medal for Progress at the Vienna Exhibition, in addition to which the Emperor
of Austria honoured him with an Order of Knighthood. And at the Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875, Mr. Lewis
had a Gold Medal awarded for beauty of design and colouring and for excellence of manufacture.
Minton, Hollins, & Co., Patent Tile Works, Stoke-upon-Trent; London House and Show Rooms,
50, Conduit Street, Regent Street, W.; Manchester, Bridgewater Club Chambers, 110, King Street.
Encaustic Tiles for Hall and Verandah of British Staff Quarters.

*
For excellence in the production of Tiles, and for variety in design, the following Awards have been
obtained, viz.:-London, 1852, Council Medal; Paris, 1855, Gold Medal; London, 1862, First Class Medal;
Paris, 1867, Gold Medal; Moscow, 1872, Gold Medal; Vienna, 1873, Medal for "Progress."
was
This firm established by the late Herbert Minton and his Nephew, Michael Daintry Hollins (now sole
proprietor).

*
OBJECTS LENT, ETC.
85
The Patents for the manufacture of Encaustic, Plain, and other Tiles belonged exclusively to, and
were carried out by this firm, who have the sole right to the use of the name of " Minton” and “Patent "
in the manufacture of these Tiles. All Tiles made by this firm bear the impression of " Minton & Co." or
"Minton, Hollins, & Co."
The general descriptions of Tiles made by Messrs. Minton, Hollins, & Co. are enumerated below. Encaustic
and Tesselated Tile Pavements. Encaustic Glazed Tiles, one inch thick, of numerous and rich designs, for
Hearths. Majolica and Enamelled Tiles, half-inch thick, for Grate Cheeks, Wall Linings, Flower Boxes, &c.
White and Coloured Glazed Tiles, for Walls, &c. Painted Tiles, for Grate Cheeks, &c., by experienced
Artists.
The following are some of the principal places in which Tiling has been carried out by Messrs. Minton,
Hollins, & Co.:-The Palaces of Windsor, Osborne, Marlborough House, Sandringham, and Clarence House.
The Palace of the Emperor of Germany. The Palace of the King of Belgium. The Palace and State
Yachts of the Sultan of Turkey. The Residence of Prince Dhuleep Singh. The Houses of Parliament,
London. The New Foreign Offices, London. The New Government Buildings in India. The South
Kensington Museum, London. The Albert Hall, London. The Senior and Junior Carlton Clubs, London.
The Cathedrals of Ely, Lincoln, Lichfield, Gloucester, Westminster, Wells, Glasgow, Armagh, St. Giles'
(Edinburgh), Dunblane, and Sydney (New South Wales). The New Capitol at Washington. The Town
Halls of Liverpool, Leeds, Rochdale, Bolton, &c. And many of the principal Ducal Mansions, Government
Buildings, Churches, and Public Institutions in Great Britain, United States, &c.

Peters & Sons, Coach and Coach Harness Makers, London, to Her Majesty Queen Victoria, H.R.H.
the Prince of Wales, and the Royal Family; Coachmakers also to the greater number of the Courts of Europe,
and other countries.
The Landau used in Philadelphia by the British Commissioners, with the harness corresponding, has been
placed by this Firm at the disposal of the Commissioners.
Messrs. Peters are also exhibitors of several carriages in the Annexe Carriage Court, Philadelphia, of which
the following are descriptions.
A PARK COACH OR DRAG, of remarkable excellence and high finish, suitable for blood horses, if preferred.
appointed with all internal luxuries, a safety hand break and safety chains, all polished steel fittings, a choicely
fitted armoire for the top with countless compartments for all sorts of cut and other glass, silver, plate, china,
and table linen; all the panels of the body painted blue; brilliantly varnished, the wheels and under gear
Chinese vermillion, picked slightly with black lines, the interior regulation blue and morocco.
Also another Coach or what may be styled a ROAD DRAG, from its construction being more commodious
of size, and of increased strength for pace, and for carrying a full load of passengers, and their luggage; this
superior example of coach making is equally well finished and only varies in the colour of the panels of the
body which are chocolate or marron, this coach may be used for any hard work.
A very HANDSOME LANDAU of the so known Shelburn pattern built upon the lightest principle consistent
with strength and durability; hung upon elliptic springs and fitted with Collinge's patent axles, painted in the
same taste as the Queen of England's carriages, and those of the Royal Family generally, the best lamps and
fittings, richly lined with imperial blue cloth lace and morocco and rich pile carpet. The head is fitted with
Shank's patent rising or auxilary hinges, rendering it easy for a child to open and close it instantly and with
perfect ease; the doors are also fitted with Barlow's patent lever locks, which prevent the doors being opened
or windows broken without first lowering the window into its receptacle.
A BACHELOR'S OR A MINIATURE BROUGHAM of remarkable neatness and lightness, very quiet in its colours
and taste generally. The paint, black panels and with tan-shaded relief colours, the interior Rembrandt or Cor-
Rembrandt or Cor


86
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
beau with morocco squabs and cushions and all silk lace bands, carpets, and silk blinds to match; very light
of build, for a trotter or blood horse, or for a pair of very neat bred cobs of 15 hands or under; the internal
fittings are unusually neat and effective.
A CIRCULAR FRONTED or what is known as a SEGMENTAL BROUGHAM from the front part being a Segment
to allow the windows to run over each other. This carriage is of unusual lightness, and with three adult persons
would be found within the power of one well bred horse, the colours are in strict harmony both within and
without, and are of a myrtle green hue, morocco squabs and fittings, and available also for two small or for
larger horses.
A LADY'S PARK PHAETON was built to the order of one of Her Majesty's Judges; is fitted with a hand
brake available by the driver, and acts with perfect ease; has a servant's skeleton seat; exceedingly light of
draught, a
and available for one or two horses; painted and finished a bronze green, picked carmine round the
wheels and other parts.
A GENTLEMAN'S DRIVING PHAETON or T-cart Phaeton, with head, made moveable, and when moved the
sides
are finished with elbow or splash wings; open railed circular body for lightness in taste; lamps of good
design; painted black, and tinted blue pickings; lined blue, of the choicest workmanship; for one and for two
horses; steel pole end fittings and chains.
A VICTORIA of the most approved design, and of the highest workmanship, the hood brought well forward
for protection in bad weather, and fitted with enamelled leather aprons; the box seat well down for two
servants; built for one and for two horses, and fitted with steel pole end chains; painted and lined cobalt ;
very highly finished in all respects.
A Two-WHEELED WHITECHAPEL CART for road or shooting purposes, similar to the many built and sent
to different parts of the States, and which have been highly approved; this useful carriage is painted, and
cushions green.
Pickering, J., Globe Works, Stockton-on-Tees.
Pickering's Patent Differential Pulley Blocks.
This improved form of Pulley Block is composed of four wheels and the necessary bolts, hook and side frames
for suspending. The four wheels are named respectively, endless chain, pinion, fixed, and
lifting chain wheels. They are placed in position and worked as follows: the endless
chain wheel is formed with an eccentric on which revolves the pinion, the said pinion
being placed in position between the internal teeth of the lifting and fixed wheel; the fixed
wheel it will be perceived has three snugs cast on and is thereby fastened to the frame of
the block; by the working of the chain wheel the pinion is made to revolve on the
eccentric and in each revolution forces the lift chain wheel one tooth by reason of the
lifting wheel having one tooth more than the fixed wheel; by this arrangement it will be
seen great power is obtained.

PALY BLOCKS
The wheels are so placed that the working parts are internal thus being free from any
liability to get choked with dust or dirt.
The lifting chain is supplied with hook at each end so that as one end ascends the other
descends for a fresh load, by this means a great saving of time is effected.
The two chains being independent of each other there need be no fear of the chains
getting locked neither are they so liable to get stretched.
These blocks sustain the load, it being impossible to run down because the teeth of the
pinion being held by the lifting and fixed wheel teeth gripping on each side of the teeth
of the pinion, thus holding the load until set in motion by the pulling of the endless hand chain.

OBJECTS LENT, ETC.LCI ZINAKTATUR
87
܀܀
Pickering's Patent Hoist.
This Hoist is made by simply casting two wheels of different diameters together by which means great
power is obtained in proportion to the difference in size of the two wheels. Puolue
The various sizes are proportioned as follows:-3-cwt. size, power 4 to 1; 5-cwt. size,
power 5 to 1; 10-cwt. size, power 7 to 1; 20-cwt. size, power 15 to 1; this latter size is
made with the end of the lift chain doubled and fastened on the frame and a snatch block
inserted in the loop.
As an example of the power, suppose 100lbs. were slung on to the endless chain of the
5-cwt. size it would balance 500lbs. on the lift chain, thus it will be seen a man with the
exertion of a little more than 50lbs. will lift to any height a weight of 250lbs.
On each size when required is placed a very effective brake by means of which the man
operating the hoist can with ease and safety lower the load.
The brake consists of a strap of iron fixed on the frame round the top of the large wheel
the run been made broader so as to secure the necessary friction; the brake is brought into
action by the pulling of the lever to which a cord is attached. The speed and power of
these hoists being so much greater than the ordinary mode of lifting by hand renders them
peculiarly adapted for the raising and lowering of loads required by farmers, millers,
brewers, maltsters, storekeepers, and others.
Amongst the many advantages these hoists possess is that the lift chain is supplied with
two hooks so that in raising a load a great height the other end of the lift chain will have descended ready for
the next load.
::
Pickering's Patent Direct Acing Steam Pumps.
it Hidaqus

These pumps consist of two moving parts only, in the steam cylinder, viz., the valve and piston. The
peculiar feature in these pumps is that the piston as it approaches the end of its stroke opens a portway for the
admission of steam against the end of the slide valve, giving motion thereto and changing its position for a
return stroke and exhausting the steam. The main passage ways of the cylinder are of the ordinary kind
common to every engine.
The valve having no connection by means of crank or connecting rod with the piston must necessarily strike
the ends or covers with considerable force; to prevent any damage the slide valve is cushioned at each end by
means of a steam backed piston of somewhat larger diameter than the steam chest; the live steam supplied for
this purpose remains intact and has no exhaust.
This arrangement totally prevents any liability of the ends being knocked out or otherwise injured.
This improvement is equally applicable for the main cylinder and for steam hammers.
The pump and valves are of the ordinary kind.


Stewart, Moir, & Muir, 73, Mitchell Street, Glasgow, Scotland. Manufacturers of Harness Book,
Leno and Patent Gauze Curtains, Window Curtains, Plain Muslins, Lappets, and Scotch Lawn Handkerchiefs;
also manufacturers of Swiss Mull, Book Muslins, Tarlatans, Grenadines, Bishop and Victoria Lawns, Spot and
Sprig Muslins, and all descriptions of Plain and Fancy Muslins.and gaizi que lle ban javedlna ogattun
Exhibitors of Gauze Curtains, and of Curtains for Decorative purposes in the British Section, and Con-
tributors of Curtains for the use of the British Executive. Iud odjo yan audi boltanujo ui vshari baa rodonep

88
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--BRITISH SECTION.
;
Sutton & Sons, Seedsmen by special appointment to Her Majesty the Queen, Royal Berkshire See
Establishment, Reading.
Sutton's Grass Seeds for all Soils were extensively used in sowing the grounds of the Vienna Univers
Exhibition, where the evergreen sward was the subject of general admiration. They have been exclusive
used for sowing the grounds attached to the Staff Quarters of the British Commission for the Philadelphi
International Exhibition, and are also sown at the several Royal Residences in England and on the Continen
of Europe.
bil Sutton's Flower Seeds have also been sown in the grounds attached to the British Commission.
Tangye Brothers, Cornwall Works, Soho, Birmingham.
HYDRAULIC LIFTING JACKS.-These compound lifting jacks are offered with confidence as being the best in
the market, and the lowest in price.
Each one has a fast claw which will be found safer and more convenient than a loose one. They either lif
from the foot or top, are most simple in action and construction, very safe and portable; the cylinders are
made of steel and so arranged that one man can lift from 4 to 60 tons.
These jacks have been largely supplied for home and foreign railways, and also to the British and Foreign
Government Dockyards.
In the form of ship jacks, with the cistern outside of the cylinder these jacks have been extensively used by
ship builders, and several of them rendered good service in the launch of the Great Eastern steam ship.
SCREW LIFTING JACKS.-Messrs. Tangye confidently recommend their various kinds of screw jacks for
lifting purposes as being quite equal to any yet manufactured for quality of workmanship, design, and wearing
capabilities.
The large resources they have at their command for producing these jacks in quantities, enable them to send
out large quantities for home or export trade at very short notice.
ENGINES.-Tangye's Patent Horizontal High-pressure Expansive Steam Engine.
In designing this engine the utmost regard has been paid to simplicity of arrangement, strength of construc
tion, and economy in cost.
The working parts are considerably reduced in number as compared with horizontal engines generally,
rendering it far more durable and compact.
One great advantage of these engines is the ease and economy with which they can be fixed.
All that is required is a foundation of brick, stone, or timber, to render them ready for use.
GOVERNOR.-Tangye's Patent, High Speed Regulating Governor.
This is exceedingly simple and compact, and being driven at a high speed, it is very sensitive, and the
working of the engine is rendered uniform under varying pressures of steam, or sudden differences of load.
A regulating arrangement is also combined for speeding the engine, consisting of an internal spiral spring
placed in the upper part of the governor, the power of which is increased or diminished by lifting and screwing
or unscrewing the gun metal stop nut at the other end.
LIFTING GEAR.-Special attention is directed to the London pattern rope blocks, self sustaining rope
blocks, and hoisting crabs, as being suited to the requirements of builders, contractors, engineers, shipwrights,
railway carriage makers, and all requiring handy hoisting tackle.
PUNCHING BEARS, HYDRAULIC.-These powerful hydraulic punching bears are recommended as being much
quicker and easier in operation than any other kind yet introduced, whilst they are equally portable, durable,

OBJECTS LENT, ETC.
89
and compact. They can be worked in any position, and the larger sizes can be adapted for steam power if
required.
The legs can be easily detached when necessary, for use in confined situations.
DUPLEX PUNCHING BEARS.-These celebrated punches require no skilled labour to use them
o use them nor are they
liable to break or get out of repair. They are made of the best materials, and exhibit the highest mechanical
ingenuity in their design and construction.
They are so simple and their application so apparent that directions for use are quite unnecessary.
LONDON DOUBLE ACTION HAND PUMP is eminently suited for house, farm, and garden purposes, and is
well worth the attention of merchants, shippers, and the trade.
HYDRAULIC PROVING PUMPS for testing boilers, pipes, tanks, &c. are made to test up to a pressure of
300 lbs. per square inch, and can be well recommended as being reliable and useful proving pumps.

說
​TANCYIS
PATENT

Turtle & Pearce, Pattern-dyed Flags Manufacturers, Window Blind Makers and Bunting Merchants,
11, Duke Street, London Bridge, London, S.E.
Pattern dyed Flags in Silk and Bunting presented to the Commissioners for use in British Section, and at
Staff Quarters.

M

2
90
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--BRITISH SECTION.
Ward, Marcus, & Co., Manufacturers to the Queen, 67 & 68, Chandos Street, Strand, London, and Ro
Ulster Works, Belfast, Ireland, Sole Manufacturers of the Royal Irish Linen Writing Papers; Publisher
Colour Printers; Manufacturers of Albums, Pocket Books, and Stationery.
"PURE FLAX" WRITING PAPERS AND ENVELOPES. A second quality of the "Royal Irish Linen," ma
entirely from Flaxen Fibre.
These papers are known by the watermark in every sheet, which may be observed by holding the paper
to the light. In the first quality the Watermark is "Royal Irish Linen," in the second "Pure Flax," a
maker's name is in both.
PUBLICATIONS. Illustrated, Educational, and Juvenile Books printed, illustrated, and bound at th
Royal Ulster Works. Vere Foster's Writing and Drawing Copy Books. Marcus Ward's Concise Diaries
Atlases, Sunday School Reward Cards, Almanacks, &c.
STATIONERY AND LEATHER WORK. Writing Desks, Despatch Boxes, Jewel Cases, Tourists' Writing Case
Pocket Books, Portmonnaies, Table Mats &c., in Russia and Morocco Leather, Photograph Albums, Scra
Books, Autograph Albums, &c.
COLOUR PRINTING. Artistic Printing in Colours by both Litho and Block processes, Menu and Programm
Cards, Christmas, New Year, and Birthday Cards; Maps, Views, Book illustrations &c.
THE "ROYAL IRISH LINEN" WRITING PAPERS in Folio, Letter, and Note Sizes, and in convenient package
for home use, also in commercial sizes for business use, and in "Papeteries" or boxes containing both Pape
and Envelopes. These papers are produced from pure unworn linen cuttings, collected from the Linen Manu
factories of the north of Ireland, where Linen is the staple trade to the total exclusion of Cotton, its cheape
substitute. This ensures an unmixed pure and sound raw material of the strongest description which produces
paper of the very best quality.
**
The Covers of the Catalogue of the British Section and the coloured frontispiece of the British Com
mission Staff Quarters were produced at the Royal Ulster Works.
Prize Medals were awarded to Marcus Ward and Co. at all the International Exhibitions at which they
exhibited, viz., at London 1862, at Dublin 1865, and at Paris (Three Medals), 1867.


INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION PHILADELPHIA, 1876.
SYNOPSIS OF THE CLASSIFICATION.
Location.
Departments.
Classes.
Groups.
I. MINING
AND
100-109
110-119
METALLURGY.
Minerals, Ores, Stone, Mining Products.
Metallurgical Products.
120-129
Mining Engineering.
228--234
235-241
242-249
II. MANUFACTURES. 250-257
MAIN BUILDING.
258-264
265-271
272-279
280-284
285-291
292-296
300-309
310-319
III. EDUCATION AND
SCIENCE.
200-205 Chemical Manufactures.
206-216 Ceramics, Pottery, Porcelain, Glass, etc.
217-227
Furniture, etc.
Yarns and Woven Goods of Vegetable or Mineral Materials.
Woven and Felted Goods of Wool, etc.
Silk and Silk Fabrics.
Clothing, Jewellery, etc.
Paper, Blank Books, Stationery.
Weapons, etc.
Medicine, Surgery, Prothesis.
Hardware, Edge Tools, Cutlery, and Metallic Products.
Fabrics of Vegetable, Animal, or Mineral Materials.
Carriages, Vehicles, and Accessories.
Educational Systems, Methods, and Libraries.
Institutions and Organizations.
320-329
330-339
Scientific and Philosophical Instruments and Methods.
Engineering, Architecture, Maps, etc.
340-349
400-409
410-419
420-429
ART GALLERY.
IV. ART.
430-439 | Photography.
440-449
450-459
500-509
MACHINERY BUILD- V. MACHINERY.
ING.
Physical, Social, and Moral Condition of Man.
Sculpture.
Painting.
Engraving and Lithography.
Industrial and Agricultural Designs, etc.
Ceramic Decorations, Mosaics, etc.
Machines, Tools, etc., of Mining, Chemistry, etc.
510-519 Machines and Tools for working Metal, Wood, and Stone.
520-529 Machines and Implements of Spinning, Weaving, etc.
530-539 Machines, etc., used in Sewing, Making Clothing, etc.
Machines for Printing, Making Books, Paper Working, etc.
Motors, Power Generators, etc.
540-549
550-559
560-569
Hydraulic and Pneumatic Apparatus.
570-579 | Railway Plant, Rolling Stock, etc.
580-589
590-599
Machinery used in Preparing Agricultural Products.
Aerial, Pneumatic, and Water Transportation.
Machinery, and Apparatus, especially adapted to the requirements
of the Exhibition.
600-609 Arboriculture and Forest Products.
610-619 | Pomology.
620-629 | Agricultural Products.
665-669
670-679
680-689
Land Animals.
Marine Animals, Fish Culture, and Apparatus. Tydensproda
Animal and Vegetable Products.
Textile substances of Vegetable or Animal Origin.
Machines, Implements, and Processes of Manufacture.
Agricultural Engineering and Administration.
690-699 | Tillage and General Management.
Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, and Flowers.
Hot Houses, Conservatories, Graperies.
Garden Tools, Accessories of Gardening.
Garden Designing, Construction, and Management.
630-639
AGRICULTURAL
BUILDING.
VI. AGRICULTURE. 640-649
650-662
700-709
HORTICULTURAL
BUILDING.
710-719
VII. HORTICUL-
720-729
TURE.
730-739

92
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
DEPARTMENT I.-MINING AND METALLURGY.
MINERALS, ORES, BUILDING STONES, AND
MINING PRODUCTS.
CLASS 100.- Minerals, ores, etc. Metallic and non-
metallic minerals, exclusive of coal and oil.
de Collections of minerals systematically arranged ;
collections of ores and associated minerals; geo-
logical collections.
CLASS 101.-Mineral combustibles. Coal, anthracite,
semi-bituminous and bituminous, coal-waste and
pressed coal; albertite, asphalt, and asphaltic
limestone; bitumen, mineral tar, crude petroleum.
CLASS 102.-Building stones, marbles, slates, etc.
Rough, hewn, sawed, or polished, for buildings,
bridges, walls, or other constructions, or for
interior decoration, or for furniture.
Marble-white, black, or coloured-used in
building, decoration, statuary, monuments, or
furniture, in blocks or slabs not manufactured.
CLASS 103.-Lime, cement, and hydraulic cement,
raw and burned, accompanied by specimens of
the crude rock or material used, also artificial
stone, concrete, beton.
Specimens of lime mortar and mixtures, with
illustrations of the processes of mixing, etc.
Hydraulic and other cement.
Beton mixtures and results, with illustrations
of the processes.
Artificial stone for building purposes, building
blocks, cornices, etc.
Artificial stone mixtures, for pavements, walls,
or ceilings.
Plasters, mastics, etc."
CLASS 104.-Clays, kaolin, silex, and other materiais
for the manufacture of porcelain, faïence, and
of glass, bricks, terra-cotta and tiles, and fire-
brick. Refractory stones for lining furnaces,
sandstone, steatite, etc., and refractory furnace
materials.
CLASS 105.-Graphite, crude and refined; for polish-
ing purposes; for lubricating, electrotyping,
photography, pencils, etc.
CLASS 106.-Lithographic stones, hones, whetstones,
grindstones, grinding and polishing materials,
sand quartz, garnet, crude topaz, diamond, cor-
undum, emery in the rock and pulverized, and
in assorted sizes and grades.
CLASS 107.-Mineral waters, artesian well water
natural brines, saline and alkaline efflorescences
and solutions. Mineral fertilizing substances,
gypsum, phosphate of lime, marls, shells, co
prolites, etc., not manufactured.
METALLURGICAL PRODUCTS.
CLASS 110.-Precious metals.
CLASS 111.-Iron and steel in the pig, ingot, and bar,
plates and sheets, with specimens of slags, fluxes,
residues, and products of working.
CLASS 112.-Copper in ingots, bars, and rolled, with
specimens illustrating its various stages of produc
tion.
CLASS 113.-Lead, zinc, antimony, and other metals,
the result of extractive processes.
CLASS 114. Alioys used as materials, brass, nickel,
silver, solder, etc.
MINE ENGINEERING-MODELS, MAPS,
AND SECTIONS.
CLASS 120.-Surface and underground surveying and
plotting. Projection of underground work, loca-
tion of shafts, tunnels, etc. Surveys for aque-
ducts, and for drainage.
Boring and drilling rocks, shafts, and tunnels,
etc. Surveys for aqueducts, and for ascertain-
ing the nature and extent of mineral deposits.
Construction. Sinking and lining shafts by
various methods, driving and timbering tunnels,
and the general operations of opening, stopping,
and breaking down ore, timbering, lagging, and
masonry.
Hoisting and delivering at the surface, rock,
ore, or miners.
Pumping and draining by engines, buckets, or
by adits.
Ventilation and lighting.
Subaqueous mining, blasting, etc.
Hydraulic mining, and the various processes
and methods of sluicing and washing auriferous
gravel, and other superficial deposits.
Quarrying.
CLASS 121.-Models of mines, of veins, etc.
H

CLASSIFICATION.UNCTION
93
DEPARTMENT II.-MANUFACTURES.
CHEMICAL.
CLASS 200.-Chemicals, pharmaceutical preparations.
Mineral acids, and the methods of manufacture.
Sulphuric, nitric, and hydrochloric acids.
The common commercial alkalies, potash, soda,
and ammonia, with their carbonates.
Salt and its production. Salt from deposits--
native salt. Salt by solar evaporation from sea
water. Salt by evaporation from water of saline
'springs or wells. Rock salt. Ground and table
salt.
Bleaching powders and chloride of lime.
Yeast powders, baking powders.
CLASS 201.-Oils, soaps, candles, illuminating and
other gases.
Oils
Oils from mineral, animal, and vegetable
sources. Refined petroleum, benzine, naptha,
and other products of the manufacture.
from various seeds, refined, and of various degrees
of purity. Olive oil, cotton seed oil, palm oil.
Animal oils, of various kinds, in their refined
state. Oils prepared for special purposes besides
lighting and for food. Lubricating oils.
Soaps and detergent preparations.
Candles, stearine, glycerine, paraffin, etc., sper-
maceti.
Illuminating gas and its manufacture.
Oxygen gas, and its application for heating,
lighting,metallurgy, and as a remedial agent.
Chlorine and carbonic acid.
CLASS 202.-Paints, pigments, dyes, colours, turpen-
tine, varnishes, printing inks, writing inks, black-
ing.
CLASS 203.-Flavouring extracts, essences, perfumery,
pomades, cosmetics.
CLASS 204.-Explosive and fulminating compounds;
in small quantities only, and under special regu-
lations, shown in the building only by empty
cases and cartridges. Black powder of various
grades and sizes. Nitro-glycerine and the methods
of using and exploding. Giant powder, dyna-
mite, dualin, tri-nitro-glycerine.
CLASS 205.-Pyrotechnics, for display, signalling,
missiles.
CERAMICS-POTTERY, PORCELAIN, ETC.
CLASS 206.-Bricks, drain tiles, terra-cotta, and archi-
tectural pottery.
CLASS 207.-Fire-clay goods, crucibles, pots, furnaces.
Chemical stoneware.
CLASS 208.-Tiles, plain, enamelled, encaustic; geo-
metric tiles and mosaics. Tiles for pavements
and for roofing, etc.
CLASS 209.-Porcelain for purposes of construction.
Hardware trimmings, etc.
CLASS 210.-Stone china, for chemists, druggists, etc.,
earthenware, stoneware, faïence, etc.
CLASS 211.-Maiolica and Palissy ware.
CLASS 212.-Biscuit-ware, parian, etc.
CLASS 213.-Porcelain for table and toilet use, and
for decoration.
GLASS AND GLASS-WARE.
CLASS 214.-Glass used in construction and for
mirrors. Window glass of various grades of
quality and of size. Plate glass, rough, and ground
or polished. Toughened glass.
CLASS 215.-Chemical and pharmaceutical glass-ware,
vials, bottles.
CLASS 216-Decorative glass-ware.
FURNITURE AND OBJECTS OF GENERAL
USE IN CONSTRUCTION AND IN
DWELLINGS.
CLASS 217.-Heavy furniture.-Chairs, tables, parlour
and chamber suits, office and library furniture, ves-
tibule furniture. Church furniture and decoration.
CLASS 218.-Table furniture.-Glass, china, silver,
silver-plate, tea and coffee sets, urns, samovars,
epergnes.
CLASS 219.-Mirrors, stained and enamelled glass, cut
and engraved window-glass, and other decorative
objects.
CLASS 220.-Gilt cornices, brackets, picture frames, etc.
CLASS 221.-The nursery and its accessories; chil-
dren's chairs, walking chairs.
CLASS 222.-Apparatus and fixtures for heating and
cooking, stoves, ranges, heaters, etc.
CLASS 223.-Apparatus for lighting,-gas fixtures,
lamps, etc.
CLASS 224.-Kitchen and pantry-utensils, tin-ware,
and apparatus used in cooking, (exclusive of
cutlery).
CLASS 225.-Laundry appliances, washing-machines,
mangles, clothes-wringers, clothes-bars, ironing-
tables.
CLASS 226.-Bath room and water-closet, shower bath,
earthcloset.
CLASS 227.—Manufactured parts of buildings,-sash,
blinds, mantels, metal work, etc.



94
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--BRITISH SECTION.
YARNS AND WOVEN GOODS OF VEGE-
TABLE OR MINERAL MATERIALS.
CLASS 228.-Woven fabrics of mineral origin.-Wire
cloths, sieve cloth, wire screens, bolting cloth.
Asbestos fibre, spun and woven, with the
clothing manufactured from it.
Glass thread, floss and fabrics.
CLASS 229.-Coarse fabrics, of grass, rattan, cocoa nut,
and bark.
Mattings, Chinese, Japanese, palm-leaf, grass,
and rushes.
Floor-cloths of rattan and cocoa nut fibre, aloe
fibre, etc.
CLASS 230.-Cotton yarns and fabrics, bleached and
unbleached.
Cotton sheeting and shirting, plain and twilled.
eCotton canvas and duck. Awnings, tents.
CLASS 231.-Dyed cotton fabrics, exclusive of prints
and calicoes.
CLASS 232.--Cotton prints and calicoes, including
handkerchiefs, scarfs, etc.
CLASS 233.-Linen and other vegetable fabrics, un-
coloured or dyed.
CLASS 234.-Floor oil cloths, and other painted and
enamelled tissues, and imitation of leather, with a
woven base.
WOVEN AND FELTED GOODS OF WOOL
AND MIXTURES OF WOOL.
CLASS 235.-Card wool fabrics.-Yarns, broadcloth,
doeskins, fancy cassimeres. Felted goods.
CLASS 236.-Flannels.-Plain flannels, domets, opera
and fancy. Ho
CLASS 237.-Blankets, robes, and shawls.
CLASS 238.-Combined wool fabrics.-Worsteds, yarns,
dress goods for women's wear, delaines, serges,
poplins, merinoes.
CLASS 239.-Carpets, rugs, etc.-Brussels, melton,
Kan tapestry, tapestry Brussels, Axminster, Venetian,
...
ingrain, felted carpetings, druggets, rugs, etc.
CLASS 240.-Hair, alpaca, goat's hair, camel's hair,
and other fabrics, mixed or unmixed with wool.
CLASS 241.-Printed and embossed woollen cloths,
table covers, patent velvets.
SILK AND SILK FABRICS, AND MIXTURES
IN WHICH SILK IS THE PREDOMI-
NATING MATERIAL.
CLASS 242.-Cocoons and raw silk as reeled from the
thrown or twisted silks in the gum.
CLASS
Coco Thrown or twisted silks, boiled off or
dyed, in hanks, skeins, or on spools.
CLASS 244.--Spun silk yarns and fabrics, and the
materials from which they are made.
CLASS 245.-Plain woven silks, lutestrings, sarsnets,
satins, serges, foulards, tissues for hat and milli
nery purposes, etc.
CLASS 246.-Figured silk piece goods, woven or
printed. Upholstery silks, etc.
CLASS 247.--Crapes, velvets, gauzes, cravats, hand
kerchiefs, hosiery, knit goods, laces, scarfs, ties
veils, all descriptions of cut and made up silks,
CLASS 248-Ribbons, plain,and fancy, velvet.
CLASS 249.--Bindings, braids, cords, galloons, ladies
dress trimmings, upholsterers', tailors', military,
and miscellaneous trimmings.

CLOTHING,JEWELLERY, AND ORNAMENTS
TRAVELLING EQUIPMENTS.
CLASS 250.--Ready-made clothing, knit goods and
hosiery, military clothing, church vestments
costumes, water-proof clothing, and clothing for
special objects.
CLASS 251.-Hats, caps, boots and shoes, gloves,
mittens, etc., straw and palm leaf hats, bonnets,
and millinery.
CLASS 252.-Laces, embroideries, and trimmings for
clothing, furniture, and carriages.
CLASS 253.—Jewellery and ornaments worn upon the
person.
CLASS 254.-Artificial flowers, coiffures, buttons,
trimmings, pins, hooks and eyes, fans, umbrellas,
sun-shades, walking-canes, pipes, and small objects
of dress or adornment, exclusive of jewellery.
Toys and fancy articles.
CLASS 255.-Fancy leather work, pocket-books, toilet
cases, travelling equipments, valises and trunks.
CLASS 256.-Furs.
CLASS 257.-Historical collections of costumes, na-
tional costumes.

PAPER, BLANK BOOKS, AND
STATIONERY.
CLASS 258.-Stationery for
for the
the desk, stationers'
articles, pens, pencils, inkstands, and other
apparatus of writing and drawing.
CLASS 259.-Writing paper and envelopes, blank-book
paper, bond paper, tracing paper, tracing linen,
tissue paper, etc., etc.
CLASS 260.-Printing paper for books, newspapers,


etc.
Wrapping paper of all grades, cartridge and
manilla paper, paper bags.

ZAH CLASSIFICATION.ZY Amauth?
95
HARDWARE, EDGE TOOLS, CUTLERY, AND
IT METALLIC PRODUCTS.
CLASS 261.-Blank books; sets of account books,
specimens of ruling and binding, including blanks, })()
bill heads, etc., book-binding.
CLASS 262.-Cards; playing cards, card-board, binders'
board, paste-board, paper or card-board boxes.
CLASS 263.-Building paper, paste-board for walls, cane
fibre felt for car wheels, ornaments, etc.
CLASS 264.-Wall papers, enamelled and coloured
papers, imitations of leather, wood, etc.

MILITARY AND NAVAL ARMAMENTS,
ORDNANCE, FIRE-ARMS, AND HUNTING
APPARATUS.
CLASS 265.-Military small-arms, muskets, pistols, and
magazine-guns, with their ammunition.
CLASS 266.-Light artillery, compound guns, machine
guns, mitrailleuses, etc.
CLASS 267.-Heavy ordnance and its accessories.
CLASS 268.-Knives, swords, spears, and dirks.
CLASS 269.-Fire-arms used for sporting and hunting,
also other implements for the same purpose.
CLASS 270.-Traps for game, birds, vermin, etc.
MEDICINE, SURGERY, PROTHESIS.
CLASS 272.-Medicines; officinal (in any authoritative
pharmacopoeia), articles of the materia medica,
preparations, unofficinal.
CLASS 273.-Dietetic preparations, as beef extract, and
other articles intended especially for the sick.
CLASS 274.-Pharmaceutical apparatus.
CLASS 275.-Instruments for physical diagnosis, clinical
thermometers, stethoscopes, ophthalmoscopes,
etc., (except clinical microscopes, etc., for which
see Class 324).
CLASS 276.-Surgical instruments and appliances, with
dressings, apparatus for deformities, prothesis,
obstetrical instruments.
CLASS 277.-Dental instruments and appliances.
CLASS 278.-Vehicles and appliances for the transpor-
tation of the sick and wounded, during peace and
war, on shore or at sea.
CLASS 280.-Hand tools and instruments used by
carpenters, joiners, and for wood and stone in
general. Miscellaneous hand tools used in
industries, such as jewellers', engravers'.
CLASS 281.-Cutlery, knives, penknives, scissors,
razors, razor-straps, skates, and implements sold
by cutlers.
CLASS 282.-Emery and sand paper, polishing-powders,
polishing and burnishing-stones.
CLASS 283.-Metal hollow-ware, ornamental castings.
CLASS 284.-Hardware used in construction, exclusive
of tools and implements. Spikes, nails, screws,
tacks, bolts, locks, latches, hinges, pulleys.
Plumbers' and gasfitters' hardware, furniture
fittings, ships' hardware, saddlers' hardware, and
harness fittings and trimmings.
FABRICS OF VEGETABLE, ANIMAL, OR
MINERAL MATERIALS.
CLASS 285.-India rubber goods and manufactures.
CLASS 286.-Brushes.
CLASS 287.-Ropes, cordage.
CLASS 288.-Flags, insignia, emblems.
CLASS 289.—Wooden and basket ware, papier maché.
CLASS 290.-Undertakers' furnishing goods, caskets,
coffins, etc.
CLASS 291.-Galvanized ironwork.
CARRIAGES, VEHICLES, AND doe
ACCESSORIES.20
(For farm vehicles and railway carriages see Departments of
Agriculture and Machinery.)
CLASS 292.-Pleasure carriages.
CLASS 293.-Travelling carriages, coaches, stages,
omnibuses, hearses. Bath chairs, velocipedes,
baby carriages.
CLASS 294.-Vehicles for movement of goods and
heavy objects, carts wagons, trucks.
Class 295.—Sleighs, sledges, sleds, etc.
CLASS 296.-Carriage and horse furniture, harness
Land
and saddlery, whips, spurs, horse blankets,
carriage robes, rugs etc. Bothmalli elnurinoj
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96
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
DEPARTMENT III.-EDUCATION AND SCIENCE.
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND
LIBRARIES.
CLASS 300.-Elementary instruction. Infant schools
and kindergartens, arrangements, furniture,
appliances, and modes of training.
Public schools, graded schools, buildings and
grounds, equipments, courses of study, methods.
of instruction, text books, apparatus, including
maps, charts, globes, etc.; pupils' work, including
drawing and penmanship; provisions for physical
training.
CLASS 301.-Higher education. Academies and high
schools.
Colleges and universities. Buildings and
grounds; libraries, museums of zoology, botany,
mineralogy, art, and archeology; apparatus for
illustration and research, mathematical, physical,
chemical, and astronomical courses of study;
text books, catalogues, libraries, and gymnasiums.
CLASS 302.-Professional schools, theology, law, medi-
cine and surgery, dentistry, pharmacy, mining,
engineering, agriculture and mechanical arts, art
and design, military schools, naval schools, normal
schools, commercial schools, music.
Buildings, text books, libraries, apparatus,
methods, and other accessories for professional
schools.
CLASS 303.-Institutions for instruction of the blind,
deaf, and dumb, and the feeble-minded.
CLASS 304.-Education reports and statistics.
National bureau of education.
State, city, and town systems.
College, university, and professional systems.
CLASS 305.-Libraries, history, reports, statistics, and
catalogues.
CLASS 306.-School and text books, dictionaries, en-
cyclopædias, gazetteers, directories, index volumes,
biblographies, catalogues,
catalogues, almanacs,
almanacs, special
treatises, general and miscellaneous literature,
newspapers, technical and special newspapers and
journals, illustrated papers, periodical literature.
INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS.
CLASS 310.-Institutions founded for the increase and
diffusion of knowledge. Such as the Smithsonian
Institution, the Royal Institution, the Institute
of France, British Association for the Advance-
ment of Science, and the American Association,
etc., their organization, history, and results.
CLASS 311.-Learned and scientific associations. Geo-
Engi-
logical and mineralogical societies, etc.
neering, technical and professional associations.
Artistic, biological, zoological, medical schools,
astronomical observatories.
CLASS 312.-Museums, collections, art galleries, exhi-
bitions of works of art and industry. Agricul-
tural fairs, state and county exhibitions, national
exhibitions. International exhibitions.
Scientific museums, and art museums.
Ethnological and archæological collections.
CLASS 313.-Music and the drama.
SCIENTIFIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL INSTRU-
MENTS AND METHODS.
CLASS 320.-Instruments of precision, and apparatus
of physical research, experiment, and illustration.
Astronomical instruments, and accessories, used
in observatories.
Transits, mural circles, equatorials, collimators.
Geodetic and surveying instruments. Transits,
Instruments for
theodolites, needle compasses.
surveying underground in mines, tunnels, and ex-
cavations.
Nautical astronomical instruments. Sextants,
quadrants, repeating circles, dip-sectors.
Levelling instruments and apparatus. Carpen-
ters' and builders' levels, hand levels, water levels,
engineers' levels.
Instruments for deep sea sounding and hydro-
graphic surveying.
Meteorological instruments and apparatus.
Thermometers, pyrometers.

Barometers.
Hygrometers and rain gauges.
Maps, bulletins.
Blanks for reports, methods of recording, re-
ducing, and reporting observations.
CLASS 321.-Indicating and registering apparatus,
other than meteorological; mechanical calculation.
Viameters, pedometers, perambulators.
Gas meters.
Water meters, current meters, ships' logs, elec-
trical logs.

Tide registers.
Apparatus for printing consecutive numbers.
Counting machines, calculating engines, arith-
mometers.
4

97
CLASSIFICATION.
CLASS 322.-Weights, measures, weighing and metro-
logical apparatus.
Measures of length; graduated scales on wood,
metal, ivory, tape, or ribbon; steel tapes, chains,
rods, verniers, rods and graduated scales for
measuring lumber, goods in packages, casks, etc.,
gaugers' tools and methods.
Measures of capacity for solids and liquids.
Weights. Scales and graduated beams for
weighing; assay balances, chemical balances.
Ordinary scales for heavy weights; weighing
locomotives and trains of cars. Postal balances.
Hydrometers, alcöometers, lactometers, etc.; gravi-
meters.
CLASS 323.-Chronometric apparatus.
Chronometers. Astronomical clocks.
Church
and metropolitan clocks. Ordinary commercial
clocks. Pendulum and spring clocks. Marine
clocks. Watches. Clepsydras, hour glasses, sun
dials. Chronographs, electrical clocks. Metro-
nomes.
CLASS 324.--Optical and thermotic instruments, and
apparatus.
Mirrors, plane and spherical.
Lenses and prisms.
Spectacles and eye glasses, field and opera
glasses, graphoscopes and stereoscopes.
Cameras and photographic apparatus.
Microscopes.
Telescopes.
Apparatus for artificial illumination, including
electric, oxyhydrogen, and magnesium light.
Stereopticons.
Photometric apparatus.
Spectroscopes and accessories for spectrum
analysis.
Polariscopes, etc.
Thermotic apparatus.
CLASS 325.-Electrical apparatus.
Friction machines.
Condensors and miscellaneous apparatus to
illustrate the discharge.
Galvanic batteries and accessories to illustrate
dynamical electricity, padentaffing
Electro-magnetic apparatus. (heather
Induction machines, Rumkorff coils, etc.
Magnets and magneto-electrical apparatus.
CLASS 326.-Telegraphic instruments and methods.
Batteries and forms of apparatus used in gene-
rating the electrical currents for telegraphic
purposes.
36714.
PetConductors and insulators, and methods of
support, marine telegraph cables.
of
Apparatus of transmission
transmission; keys, office acces-
sories, and apparatus.
Receiving instruments, relay magnets, local
circuits.
Semaphoric and recording instruments.
Codes, signs, or signals.
Printing telegraphs for special uses.
Electrographs.
Dial or cadran systems.
Apparatus for automatic transmission. Ra
CLASS 327.-Musical instruments and acoustic appa-
ratus.
Percussion instruments, drums, tambourines,
cymbals, triangles.
Pianos.

Stringed instruments other than pianos.
Automatic musical instruments, music boxes.
Wind instruments of metal and of wood.
Harmoniums.
Church organs and similar instruments.
Speaking machines.
Vocal music.
ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE, CHARTS,
MAPS, AND GRAPHIC REPRESENTATIONS.
(For Agricultural Engineering, see Class 680.)
(For Mining Engineering, see Class 120.)
CLASS 330.-Civil engineering.
public lands, etc.
Land surveying,
River, harbour, and coast surveying. Construc-
tion and maintenance of roads, streets, pavements,
etc. Surveys and location of towns and cities,
with systems of water supply and drainage.
Arched bridges of metal, stone, brick, or beton.
Trussed girder bridges. Suspension bridges.
Canals, aqueducts, reservoirs, construction of dams.
Hydraulic engineering and means of arresting
and controlling the flow of water.
Submarine constructions, foundations, piers,
docks, etc.
CLASS 331.-Dynamic and industrial engineering.
Construction and working of machines; examples
of planning and construction of manufacturing
and metallurgical establishments.
CLASS 332.-Railway engineering. Location of rail-
ways, and the construction and management of
railways.
CLASS 333.-Military engineering.
CLASS 334.-Naval engineering.
G

98
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, BRITISH SECTION.
CLASS 335.-Topographical maps. Marine and coast
charts.
Geological maps and sections.
Botanical, agronomical, and other maps, show-
ing the extent and distribution of men, animals,
and terrestrial products. Physical maps.
Meteorological maps and bulletins. Telegraphic
routes and stations. Railway and route maps.
Terrestrial and celestial globes.
Relief maps
and models of portions of the earth's surface.
Profiles of ocean beds and routes of submarine
cables.mikurt diteso!
PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, AND MORAL CON-
DITION OF MAN.
ontro lust
CLASS 340.-Physical development and condition.
The nursery and its accesssories.
Gymnasiums, games, and manly sports. Skat-
ing, walking, climbing, ball-playing, acrobatic
exercises; rowing, hunting, etc.
CLASS 341.-Alimentation.
and distribution of food.
Markets;
preparation
CLASS 342. The dwelling. Sanitary conditions and
regulations. Domestic architecture.
Dwellings characterised by cheapness, com-
bined with the conditions essential to health
and comfort.
Fire-proof structures.
Hotels, club-houses, etc.
Public baths.
CLASS 343.-Commercial systems and appliances.
Mercantile forms and methods, counting-houses
and offices.
hion Banks and banking.
Saving and trust institutions.
and Insurance; fire, marine, life, etc.
Commercial organizations, boards of trade,
merchants, produce, and stock exchanges.
Corporations for commercial and manufacturing
purposes.
Railway and other transportation companies.
Building and loan associations.
CLASS 344.-Money.-Mints and coining.
Collections of current coins.
Historical collections.
Tokens, etc.
ely Yo
Bank notes and other paper circulating
mediums.
Commercial paper, bills of exchange, etc.
Securities for payment of money, stocks,
bonds, mortgages, ground rents, quit rents.
Precautions against counterfeiting and mis-
appropriation of money.
CLASS 345.-Government and law. Various systems
of government.
Departments of government. Revenue and
taxation, military organization, executive powers,
legislative forms and authority, judicial functions
and systems, police regulations, government
charities.
International relations; international law; dip-
lomatic and consular service, etc., allegiance and
citizenship; naturalization.

Codes.
Municipal government.
Potection of property in inventions.
Postal system and appliances.
Punishment of crime.
Prisons and prison managment and discipline;
police stations; houses of correction; reform
schools; naval or marine discipline; punishment
at sea.
CLASS 346.-Benevolence.-General hospitals.
Special hospitals for the eye and ear, for
women, etc.
Hospitals for contagious and infectious diseases.
Hospitals for the insane-under State control,
and private asylums.
Quarantine systems and organizations.
Sanitary regulations of cities.
Dispensaries.

Inebriate asylums.
Lying-in asylums.
Magdalen asylums.

Asylums for infants and children. Foundling
and orphan asylums, children's aid societies.
Homes for the aged and infirm; homes for
aged men and women; soldiers' homes; homes
for the maimed and deformed; sailors' homes.
Treatment of paupers. Almshouses, feeding
the poor, lodging-houses.
Emigrant aid societies.
Treatment of aborigines.
Prevention of cruelty to animals.
CLASS 347-Co-operative associations.
Political societies and organizations.
Military organizations and orders.
Trade unions and associations.
Industrial organizations.
Secret orders and fraternities.pofitat
CLASS 348. Religious organizations and systems.-
Origin, nature, growth, and extent of various
religious systems and faiths. Statistical, historical,
and other facts.
Religious orders and societies, and their
objects.



99
CLASSIFICATION.
Societies and organizations for the propagation
of systems of religion by missionary effort.
Spreading the knowledge of religious systems
by publications.
Bible societies, tract societies, colportage.
Systems and methods of religious instruction
and training for the young.
CLASS
Sunday schools, furniture and apparatus.
Associations for religious or moral improvement.
Dispensing charities, church guilds.
LASS 349.-Art and
industrial exhibitions.
Agricultural fairs, state and county exhibitions,
national exhibitions, international exhibitions,
international congresses, etc.
DEPARTMENT IV.-ART.
I
ARY
SCULPTURE.
PHOTOGRAPHY.
CLASS 400.-Figures and groups in stone, metal, clay CLASS 430.-Photographs on paper, metal, glass, wood,
or plaster.
CLASS 401.-Bas-reliefs, in stone or metal; electro-
type copies.
CLASS 402.-Medals, pressed and engraved; electro-
types of medals.
CLASS 403.-Hammered and wrought work-repoussé
and rehaussé work, embossed and engraved relief
work.
CLASS 404.-Cameos, intaglios, engraved stones, dies,
seals, etc.
CLASS 405.-Carvings in wood, ivory, and metal.
PAINTING.
CLASS 410.-Paintings in oil on canvas, panels, etc.
CLASS 411.-Water colour pictures; aquarelles, minia-
tures, etc.
CLASS 412.-Frescoes, cartoons for frescoes, etc.
CLASS 413.-Painting with vitrifiable colours. Pictures
on porcelain, enamel and metal.
ENGRAVING AND LITHOGRAPHY.
CLASS 420.-Drawings with pen, pencil or crayons.
CLASS 421.-Line engravings from steel, copper or
stone.
CLASS 422.-Wood engravings. AAN Berw
CLASS 423.-Lithographs, zincographs, etc.
CLASS 424.—Chromo-lithographs.OR MYA4
fabrics or enamel surfaces.
CLASS 431.-Prints from photo-relief plates, carbon.
prints, etc.
CLASS 432.-Photo-lithographs, etc.
INDUSTRIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL
DESIGNS, MODELS, AND DECORATIONS.
CLASS 440.-Industrial designs.
CLASS 441.-Architectural designs;
studies and
fragments, representations and projects of edi-
fices; restorations from ruins and from documents.
CLASS 442. Decoration of interiors of buildings.
CLASS 443.-Artistic hardware and trimmings; artis-
tic castings, forged metal-work for decoration,
etc.
DECORATION WITH CERAMIC AND
VITREOUS MATERIALS; MOSAIC AND
INLAID WORK.
CLASS 450.-Mosaic and inlaid work in stone.
CLASS 451.-Mosaic and inlaid work in tiles, tessaræ,
Prick glass, etc.
CLASS 452.-Inlaid work in wood and metal, par-
quetry, inlaid floors, tables, etc.
CLASS 453.-Stained glass.
CLASS 454.-Miscellaneous objects of art.
G 2

100
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
DEPARTMENT V.-MACHINERY.
MACHINES, TOOLS, AND APPARATUS OF
MINING, METALLURGY, CHEMISTRY
AND THE EXTRACTIVE ARTS.
CLASS 500.-Rock drilling.
CLASS 501.-Well and shaft boring.
CLASS 502.-Machines, apparatus, and implements for
coal cutting.
CLASS 503.-Hoisting machinery and accessories.
CLASS 504.-Pumping, draining, and ventilating.
CLASS 505.-Crushing, grinding, sorting, and dressing.
Breakers, stamps, mills, pans, screens, sieves,
jigs, concentrators.
CLASS 506.-Furnaces, smelting apparatus, and acces-
sories.
CLASS 507.-Machinery used in Bessemer process.
CLASS 508.-Chemical manufacturing machinery.
Electroplating.
CLASS 509.-Gas machinery and apparatus.
MACHINES AND TOOLS FOR WORKING
METAL, WOOD, AND STONE.
CLASS 510.-Planing, sawing, veneering, grooving,
mortising, tonguing, cutting, moulding, stamping,
carving, and cask-making machines, etc., cork-
cutting machines.
CLASS 511.-Direct acting steam sawing-machines,
with gang saws.amudges
CLASS 512.--Rolling mills, bloom squeezers, blowing
fans.
CLASS 513.-Furnaces and apparatus for casting
metals, with specimens of work.
CLASS 514.--Steam, trip, and other hammers, with
specimens of work, anvils, forges.
CLASS 515.—Planing, drilling, slotting, turning,
shaping, punching, stamping, and cutting
machines. Wheel cutting and dividing machines,
emery wheels, drills, taps, gauges, dies, etc.
CLASS 516.-Stone-sawing and planing machines,
dressing, shaping, and polishing, sand blasts,
Tilghman's machines, glass-grinding machines,
etc.
CLASS 517.-Brick, pottery, and tile machines. Ma-
chines for making artificial stone.
CLASS 518 Furnaces,, moulds, blow-pipes, etc., for
making glass and glassware.
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS OF SPIN-
NING, WEAVING, FELTING, AND PAPER
MAKING.
CLASS 520.-Machines for the manufacture of silk
goods.
CLASS 521.-Machines for the manufacture of cotton
goods.
CLASS 522.-Machines for the manufacture of woollen
goods.
CLASS 523.-Machines for the manufacture of linen
goods.
CLASS 524.-Machines for the manufacture of rope
and twine, and miscellaneous fibrous materials.
CLASS 525.--Machines for the manufacture of paper,
and felting.
CLASS 526.-Machines for the manufacture of india-
rubber goods.
CLASS 527.-Machines for the manufacture of mixed
fabrics.
MACHINES, APPARATUS, AND IMPLE-
MENTS USED IN SEWING AND MAKING
CLOTHING AND ORNAMENTAL OBJECTS.
CLASS 530.-Machines used in the manufacture of
tapestry, including carpets, lace, floor cloth,
fancy embroidery, etc.
CLASS 531.-Sewing and knitting machines, clothes-
making machines.
CLASS 532.-Machines for preparing and working

leather.
CLASS 533.-Machines for making boots and shoes.
CLASS 534.-Machines for ironing, drying, and scour-
ing.
CLASS 535.-Machines for making clocks and watches.
CLASS 536.--Machines for making jewellery.
CLASS 537.-Machines for making buttons, pins,
needles, etc.

MACHINES AND APPARATUS FOR TYPE
SETTING, PRINTING, STAMPING, EMBOS-
SING, AND FOR MAKING BOOKS, AND
PAPER WORKING.
CLASS 540.-Printing-presses.
CLASS 541.--Type-casting machines, apparatus of
stereotyping.

CLASSIFICATION.
101
CLASS 542.-Types and type-setting machines. Type- | CLASS 572.-Brakes, buffers, couplings, and snow
writing machines.
CLASS 543.-Printers' furniture.
Class 544.—Book-binding machines.
CLASS 545.-Paper-folding machines.
CLASS 546.-Paper and card-cutting machines.
CLASS 547-Envelope machines.
MOTORS AND APPARATUS FOR THE
GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION OF
POWER.
CLASS 550.-Boilers and all steam or gas-generating
apparatus for motive purposes.
CLASS 551.-Water-wheels, water-engines, hydraulic
rams, wind-mills.
CLASS 552.-Steam, air, or gas engines, electro-mag-
netic engines.
CLASS 553.-Apparatus for the transmission of power,
shafting, belting, cables, transmission of power
by compressed air, etc., gearing, cables.
CLASS 554. Screw propellers, wheels for the propul-
sion of vessels, and other motors.
CLASS 555.-Implements and apparatus used in con-
nexion with motors, steam gauges, manometers,
etc.
HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC APPARATUS,
PUMPING, HOISTING, AND LIFTING.
CLASS 560.-Pumps and apparatus for lifting and
moving liquids.
CLASS 561.-Pumps and apparatus for moving and
compressing air or gas.
CLASS 562.-Pumps and blowing engines, blowers,
and ventilating apparatus.
CLASS 563.--Hydraulic jacks, presses, elevators, lifts,
meters, cranes.
CLASS 564.--Fire engines, hand, steam, or chemical,
and fire-extinguishing apparatus, hose, ladders,
fire-escapes, etc.
CLASS 565.
Beer-engines,
soda-water machines,
bottling apparatus, corking-machines.
CLASS 566. Stop valves, cocks, pipes, etc.
CLASS 567.-Diving apparatus and machinery.
CLASS 568.-Ice machines.
RAILWAY PLANT, ROLLING STOCK, AND
JA APPARATUS.
S
CLASS 570.-Locomotives, models, drawings, plans,
etc.
CLASS 571.-Carriages, waggons, trucks, cars, etc.
ploughs.
CLASS 573.-Wheels, tires, axles, bearings, springs,
etc.
CLASS 574.--Permanent ways, ties, chairs, switches,
etc.
CLASS 575.-Station arrangements, signals, water-
cranes, turn-tables.
CLASS 576.-Miscellaneous locomotive attachments.
CLASS 577.-Street railways and cars.
MACHINES USED IN PREPARING AGRI-
CULTURAL PRODUCTS.
CLASS 580.- Flour mills.RE
CLASS 581.-Sugar-refining machines.
CLASS 582.-Confectioners' machinery.
CLASS 583.-Oil-making machinery.
CLASS 584.--Tobacco-manufacturing machines.
CLASS 585.-Mills for spices, coffee, etc.

AERIAL, PNEUMATIC, AND WATER
TRANSPORTATION.
CLASS 590.--Suspended-cable railways.
CLASS 591.-Transporting cables.
CLASS 592.-Balloons, flying machines, etc.
CLASS 593.-Pneumatic railways, pneumatic dispatch.
CLASS 594.-Boats and sailing vessels. Sailing vessels
used in commerce. Sailing vessels used in war.
Yachts and pleasure boats. Rowing boats of all
kinds. Life-boats and salvage apparatus, with life
rafts, belts, etc. Submarine armour, diving bells,
etc. Ice-boats.
CLASS 595.-Steamships, steamboats, and all vessels
propelled by steam.
CLASS 596.-Vessels for carrying telegraph cables,
and railway trains, also coal barges, water-boats,
and dredging-machines, screw and floating docks,
and for other special purposes.
CLASS 597.-Steam capstans, windlass, deck-winches,
and steering apparatus, fans.
MACHINERY AND APPARATUS ESPE-
CIALLY ADAPTED TO THE REQUIRE-
MENTS OF THE EXHIBITION.
Boilers, engines, cranes, pumps, etc.

102
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
DEPARTMENT VI.-AGRICULTURE.
ARBORICULTURE AND FOREST
PRODUCTS.
CLASS 600.-Timber and trunks of trees, entire or in
transverse or truncated sections, with specimens
of barks, leaves, flowers, seed vessels, and seed.
Masts, spars, knees, longitudinal sections of
trees, railway ties, ship timber, lumber roughly
sawn; as planks, shingles, lath, and staves.
Timber and lumber prepared in various ways.
to resist decay and combustion; as by injection
of salts of copper and zinc.
CLASS 601.-Ornamental woods used in decorating
and for furniture; as veneers of mahogany, rose-
wood, ebony, walnut, maple, and madrona.
CLASS 602.--Dye-woods, barks, and galls for colouring
and tanning.
CLASS 603.-Gums, resins, caoutchouc, gutta percha,
vegetable wax.
CLASS 604.-Lichens, mosses, fungi, pulu, ferns.
CLASS 605.-Seeds, nuts, etc., for food and orna-
mental purposes.
CLASS 606.-Forestry. Illustrations of the art of
planting, managing, and protecting forests.
Statistics.
POMOLOGY.
CLASS 610.-Fruits of temperate and semi-tropical
regions; as apples, pears, quinces, peaches,
nectarines, apricots, plums, grapes, cherries,
strawberries, and melons.
CLASS 611.-Tropical fruits and nuts, oranges, ba-
nanas, plantains, lemons, pine-apples, pome-
granates, figs, cocoanuts.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
CLASS 620.-Cereals, grasses, and forage plants.
CLASS 621.-Leguminous plants and esculent vege-
tables.
CLASS 622.-Roots and tubers.
CLASS 623.--Tobacco, hops, tea, coffee, and spices.
CLASS 624.-Seeds and seed vessels.
LAND ANIMALS.
CLASS 630.-Horses, asses, mules.
CLASS 631.-Horned cattle.
CLASS 632.-Sheep.
CLASS 633.-Goats, alpaca, llama, camel.
CLASS 634.--Swine.
CLASS 635.-Poultry and birds.
CLASS 636.-Dogs and cats.
CLASS 637.-Wild animals.
CLASS 638.-Insects, useful and injurious. Honey
bees, cochineal, silk worms.
MARINE ANIMALS, FISH CULTURE, AND
APPARATUS.
CLASS 640.-Marine mammals.-Seals, cetaceans, etc.,
specimens living in aquaria, or stuffed, salted,
preserved in alcohol, or otherwise.
CLASS 641.-Fishes, living or preserved.
CLASS 642.--Pickled fish, and parts of fish used for
food.
CLASS 643.-Crustaceans, echinoderms, beche de mer.
CLASS 644.-Mollusks, oysters, clams, etc., used for
food.
CLASS 645.--Shells, corals, and pearls.
CLASS 646.--Whalebone, shagreen, fish-glue, isinglass,
sounds, fish oil.
CLASS 647.--Instruments and apparatus of fishing.
Nets, baskets, hooks, and other apparatus used in
catching fish.
CLASS 648.-Fish culture. Aquaria, hatching pools,
vessels for transporting roe and spawn, and other
apparatus used in fish breeding, culture, or
preservation.
ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS.
(Used as food or as materials.)
CLASS 650.-Sponges, sea-weed, and other growths
used for food or in the arts.
CLASS 651.--The dairy.-Milk, cream, butter, cheese.
CLASS 652.-Hides, furs, and leather, tallow, oil, and
lard, ivory, bone, horn, glue.
CLASS 653.-Eggs, feathers, down.
CLASS 654.-Honey and wax.
CLASS 655.—Animal perfumes; as musk, civet, am-
bergris.
CLASS 656.-Preserved meats, vegetables, and fruits.
Dried, or in cans or jars. Meat
Meat and vegetable
extracts.
CLASS 657.-Flour; crushed and ground cereals, de-
corticated grains.

HUGE MAJID-ZO CLASSIFICATION.
103
CLASS 658.-Starch and similar products.
CLASS 659.-Sugar and syrups.
CLASS 660.-Wines, alcohol, and malt liquors.
CLASS 661.-Bread, biscuits, crackers, and cakes.
CLASS 662.-Vegetable oils.
TEXTILE SUBSTANCES OF VEGETABLE OR
ANIMAL ORIGIN.
CLASS 665.-Cotton on the stem, in the boll, ginned,
and baled.
CLASS 666.-Hemp, flax, jute, ramie, etc., in primitive
forms and in all stages of preparation for spin-
ning.
CLASS 667.--Wool in the fleece, carded and in bales.
CLASS 668.-Silk in the cocoon and reeled.
CLASS 669.-Hair, bristles.
MACHINES, IMPLEMENTS, AND PROCESSES
OF MANUFACTURE.
CLASS 670.--Tillage. Manual implements, spades,
hoes, rakes. Animal-power machinery, ploughs,
cultivators, horse hoes, clodcrushers, rollers,
harrows. Steam-power machinery, ploughs,
breakers, harrows, cultivators.
CLASS 671.-Planting.-Manual implements, corn-
planters and hand drills. Animal-power machi-
nery, grain and manure drills, corn and cotton
planters. Steam-power machinery, grain and
manure drills.
CLASS 672.--Harvesting.-Manual implements; grain
cradles, sickles, reaping hooks. Animal-power
machinery, reapers and headers. Mowers,
tedders, rakes, hay elevators, and hay loaders.
Potato diggers.
CLASS 673.-Preparatory to marketing.-Thrashers,
clover hullers, corn shellers, winnowers, hay,
cotton, wine, oil and sugar making apparatus.
CLASS 674.-Applicable to farm economy.-Portable
and stationary engines, chaffers, hay and feed
cutters, slicers, pulpers, corn mills, farm boilers
and steamers, incubators.
CLASS 675.-Dairy fittings and appliances.-Churns
for hand and power, butter-workers, cans and
pails, cheese-presses, vats, and apparatus.
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND
ADMINISTRATION, DORT) Shave
CLASS 680.-Laying out and improving farms.-Clear-
ing (stump extractors), construction of roads,
draining, irrigating, models of fences, gates,
drains, out-falls, dams, embankments, irrigating
machinery, stack building and thatching.
CLASS 681.-Commercial fertilizers-phosphatic, am-
CLASS 682.-Transportation.-Wagons, carts, sleds,
moniacal, calcareous, etc.
harness, yokes, traction engines, and apparatus
CLASS 683.-Farm buildings.-Models and drawings
for road making and excavating.
of farm houses and tenements, barns, stables,
hop-houses, fruit-driers, ice-houses, wind-mills,
granaries, barracks, apiaries, cocooneries, aviaries,
abattoirs, and dairies.
TILLAGE AND GENERAL MANAGEMENT.
CLASS 690.-Systems of planting and cultivation.
CLASS 691.-Systems of draining and application of


manures.
CLASS 692.-Systems of breeding and stock-feeding.
DEPARTMENT VII.-HORTICULTURE.
ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS, AND
FLOWERS.
CLASS 700.-Ornamental trees and shrubs, ever-
greens.
CLASS 701.-Herbaceous perennial plants.
CLASS 702.-Bulbous and tuberous-rooted plants.
CLASS 703. Decorative and ornamental foliage plants.
CLASS 704.-Annuals and other soft-wooded plants,
to be exhibited in successive periods during the
season.
CLASS 705.-Roses.
CLASS 706.-Cactacea.
CLASS 707.-Ferns, their management in the open
air, and in ferneries, wardian cases, etc.
CLASS 708.-New plants, with statement of their
origin.
CLASS 709.-Floral designs, etc. Cut flowers, bou-
quets, preserved flowers, leaves, sea-weeds.
Illustrations of plants and flowers. Materials
for floral designs. Bouquet materials, bouquet
holders, bouquet papers, models of fruits, vege-
tables, and flowers.


104
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
HOT-HOUSES, CONSERVATORIES,
GRAPERIES, AND THEIR MANAGEMENT.
CLASS 710.-Hot-house and conservatory plants.
CLASS 711.-Fruit trees under glass.
CLASS 712.-Orchids and parasitic plants.
CLASS 713.-Forcing and propagation of plants.
CLASS 714.-Aquatic plants under glass, or in aquaria,
etc.
CLASS 715.-Horticultural buildings, propagating
houses, hot-beds, etc., and modes of heating
them. Structures for propagating and forcing
small fruits.
CLASS 716.-Portable or movable orchard houses and
graperies, without artificial heat. Frames, beds.
GARDEN TOOLS, ACCESSORIES OF
GARDENING.
CLASS 720.-Tools and implements. Machines for
the transplanting of trees, shrubs, etc. Portable
forcing pumps, for watering plants in green-
houses and methods of watering the garden and
lawn.
CLASS 721.-Receptacles for plants. Flower pots,
plant boxes, tubs, fern cases, jardinieres, etc.
Window gardening. Plant and flower stands,
ornate designs, in iron, wood, and wire.
CLASS 722.-Ornamental wire-work, viz., fences, gates,
trellis bordering of flower beds, porches. Park
seats, chairs, garden statuary, vases, fountains,
etc. Designations, labels, numbers.
GARDEN DESIGNING, CONSTRUCTION,
AND MANAGEMENT.
CLASS 730.-Laying out gardens,-designs for the
laying out of gardens, and the improvement
of private residences. Designs for commercial
gardens, nurseries, graperies. Designs for the
parterre.
CLASS 731.-Treatment of water for ornamental pur-
poses, cascades, fountains, reservoirs, lakes.
CLASS 732.--Formation and after-treatment of lawns.
CLASS 733.-Garden construction, buildings, etc.
Rockwork, grottoes. Rustic constructions and
adornments for private gardens and public
grounds.
CLASS 734.-Planting, fertilizing, and cultivating.


ALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS.
3602 105
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS.
Name.
Class.
Address.
A.
ADAIR AND Co.
560
ADAMS, JOHN
202
17, Neptune Street
Victoria Park
Liverpool.
Sheffield.
ADAMS, ROBERT
284
ADAMS, W. M.
320
ADAMS AND Co.
243
ADDIS, J. B., AND SONS
280
AINSWORTH, THOMAS
233
Cleator Mills, Cleator
AIR BURNING COMPANY
534
118, Green Street
25, Falmouth Road, Great London.
Dover Street.
Arundel Club, Salisbury St., London.
Strand.
5, New Street, Bishopsgate London.
Street.
Arctic Works
Sheffield.
Carnforth.
Glasgow.

(LIMITED).
AIRE AND CALDER
CALDER
GLASS
215
83, Upper Thames Street
London.
BOTTLE COMPANY, E. BREF-
FIT, PROPRIETOR.
AITCHISON, JAMES -
253
23, Princes Street
ALLEN, FREDERICK, AND SONS
659
Canal Road, Mile End Road
Edinburgh.
London.
ALLEN AND HANBURYS -
200
AMBLER, W.,
C.E.
521
17, Elizabeth Street
ANDERSON, D., AND SON
235
Lagan Felt Works
ANDREW, J. E. H.
584
Waterloo Road-
ANDREWS, H., and Co.
235
29, Albion Street
ANGUS, G., & Co.
652
10, Thomas Street
ANNANDALE, A., AND SONS
525
Beltonford Paper Works
APPLEBY BROTHERS
563
Plough Court, Lombard Street - London.
Emerson Street, Southwark
Belfast.
Stockport.
Leeds.
Liverpool.
Dunbar.
Bradford.
ARTHUR, F.
217
18, Motcomb Street
ASH AND LACY
111
Meriden Street
London.
London.
Birmingham.
ASHWORTH, E., AND SONS
230
Egerton Mills
ATKINSON, J. AND E.
203
24, Old Bond Street
AUDSLEY AND BOWES
423
11, Dale Street
AUGENER, George, and Co.
306
86, Newgate Street
AVELING AND PORTER
682
Bolton.
London.
Liverpool.
London.
Rochester.
B.
MALICONE

BAINBRIDGE, EMERSON
502
Nunnery Colliery Offices
Sheffield.
BAILEY, W. AND J. A.
213
Alloa -
Scotland.
BAILLIE AND CO.
453
118, Wardour Street
London.
BAIRD, W., and Co.
502
Gartsherrie Ironworks
Coatbridge, N.B.
BAKER, C., AND SONS
284
98, Lichfield Street
BAKER, WILLIAM
280
96, Pembroke Street, Bingfield
Birmingham.
London.
Street, Caledonian Road.
BALDWIN, E. P. AND W.
111
Wilden Works -
near
Stourport.
BALL, JAMES
656
12, Duke Street, Grosvenor London.
Square.

106
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Name.
Class.
Address.
BARLOW AND JONES (LIMITED)
230
2, Portland Street
Manchester.
BARNARD, B.
217
BARNARD, JOHN
430
107, St. Paul's Road, Highbury London.
5, St. Mary's Buildings
Bedford.
BARNARD, BISHOP, AND BAR-
217
Norfolk Ironworks
Norwich.
NARDS.
BARTHOLOMEW, JOHN
300
Chambers Street
Edinburgh.
BATES, WALKER, AND Co.
213
Dale Hall Works
Burslem.
BAUM, F.
430
6, St. Ann's Square
Manchester.
BAXTER, RICHARD
251
St. James' Green, Thirsk
Yorkshire.
BEATTY, F. S.
540
30, Summers Hill
Dublin.
BEAU, ADOLPHE,
430
283, Regent Street
London.
BEAUFORD AND BRUCE
430
2 Nuns' Island, Galway
Ireland.
BECK, R. AND J.
324
31, Cornhill
London.
BEDFORD, WILLIAM
430
326, Camden Road
London.
BEESLEY AND SONS
515
Abbey Road Boiler Works
Barrow-in-Furness.
BENNETT, T., AND SON
652
70, Turnmill Street, Farringdon London.
Road,
BERNARD & Co.
660
The Distillery, Leith
Scotland.
BESSBROOK GRANITE WORKS
102
Bessbrook
Ireland.
BESSON, F.
327
198, Euston Road
London.
BEVIS, HENRY
288
140, Pentonville Road
London.
BEWLEY AND DRAPER
660
23, Mary Street
Dublin.
BICKFORD, SMITH, AND Co.
204
Tuckingmill
Cornwall.
BINDLEY AND Co.
660
The Brewery
BIRCHALL, J. D., AND Co..
235
Wellington and Burley Mills
BIRDSALL & SONS
306
BLACKWOOD, JOHN, AND Co.
202
18, Bread Street Hill
BLISS, W., AND SONS
235
Chipping Norton
Burton-on-Trent.
Leeds.
Northampton.
London.
Oxfordshire.
BOND, JOHN, daughter of late, now
202
15, Southgate Road
London.
Mrs. HICKISSON.
BOOSEY AND Co.
327
295, Regent Street
London.
BOOL, A. AND J.
430
86, Warwick Street, Pimlico
London.
BOOTH, H., And Co.
521
Edward Street -
Preston.
BOULINIKON FLOOR
FLOOR CLOTH
234
Worsley Street, Salford
Manchester.
MANUFACTURING COMPANY
(LIMITED).
BOWES, JOHN L., AND BROTHER
667
11, Dale Street
BOWMAN, CHARLES
202
6, King Street, Tower Hill
BOYLE AND SON, R. M.
5629
100, Mitchell Street
Liverpool.
London.
Glasgow.
BRADBURY, AGNEW & Co.
306000
Bouverie Street
BRADFORD, W. H.
594
Great Saughall
BRECHIN, J. B.
506
45, Commercial Street
London.
near
Chester.
Dundee.
BRIERLEY, SONS, AND REY- 574
81A, Edgware Road, Hyde London.
NOLDS.
Park.
BRIGG, J. F., AND Co.
238
BRINSMEAD, J., AND SONS
327
18, Wigmore Street
BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND
303
ASSOCIATION.
Park.
BROOKES AND CROOKES
282
BROOKE, E., AND SONS
206
BROOK, JONAS, AND BROTHERS
230
Meltham Mills -
BROOKS, H., and Co.
BROOKS AND COOPER
BROWN WESTHEAD,
T. C., 21361
33, Cambridge Square, Hyde
Atlantic Works, St. Philip's Road
Field House
28131, Cumberland Market
514 Mousehole Forge
Cauldon Place
Huddersfield.
London.
London.

Sheffield.
Huddersfield.
Huddersfield.
MOORE, AND Co.
Regent's Park.
Sheffield.
Staffordshire
teries.
Pot-
BROWN, J. S., AND SONS
233
Bedford Street -
Belfast.
BROWN, J. B., AND CO.
228
90, Cannon Street
London.
BROWN, JOHN, AND CO. (LIMITED)
BROWNE, H. J.
111
Atlas Works
Sheffield.
327
237 and 239, Euston Road
London.

**ENALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS.
107
Name.
Class.
Address.
BROWNFIELD, W., AND SON
213
Cobridge
BROWETT, F., AND Co.
252
BROWNHILLS POTTERY COM-
206
Tunstall
PANY.
BROWNRIGG, T. M.
430
32, Lower Leeson Street
BRUNNER, MOND, and Co.
200
Winnington, Northwich
BRYAN, CHARLES
253
West Cliff
BRYANT AND MAY
204
Fairfield Works, Bow
BUBB AND Co.
235
Southfield Mills
BUCHANAN, JAMES
270
BUCKLEY, J., and Co.
236
BUCKLEY, J. E. AND G. F.
237
BULLIVANT, THOMAS
227
BURKE, E. AND J.
660
16, Bachelors' Walk
Staffordshire.
Coventry.
Staffordshire.
Dublin.
Cheshire.
Whitby.
London.
near Stroud.

56 to 62, Dale Street, Tradeston Glasgow.
Moorcroft Mills, Delph-
Linfitts Mill, Delph
near Manchester.
near Manchester.
104, Ledbury Road, Bayswater
London.
Dublin.
BURNAND, J., AND CO.
281
Leicester Works,
Leicester Sheffield.
Street.
BUSSE, G., AND Co.
224
8, South Street, Finsbury
London.
BUSSEY, GEOrge G., and Co.
652
Museum Works, Rye Lane, London.
Peckham.
C.
CALVERT, F. C., AND Co.
200
Bradford
near Manchester.
CAMERON, (MRS.) JULIA M.
430
Care of Mrs. C. H. Cameron, Isle of Wight.

Freshwater.
CAMMELL, CHAS., AND CO. (LIMI-
111
Cyclops Works
Sheffield.
TED).
CAMPBELL BRICK AND TILE
208
Stoke-upon-Trent.
COMPANY.
CAMPBELL, HUGH, AND SON
102
Newry Granite Polishing Works,
Newry.
Moor Quarries.
CANTRELL AND COCHRANE
660
Cromac Buildings, Belfast
Ireland.
CARR, I., AND Co.
235
CASSELL, PETTER, AND GALPIN
306
Twerton Mills
La Belle Sauvage Yard, Lud- London.
Bath.
gate Hill.
CHAMBERS, T. F. -
202
51, High Street
CHANCE, BROTHERS, AND Co.
214
Glass Works
CHAPMAN, EDWIN, AND Co.
660
CHATWOOD, SAMUEL
1
284
120, Cannon Street
CHEAVIN, GEORGE
224
10 Duke Street, Portland Place
Wide Bargate Filter Works, Lincolnshire.
near
Hull.
Birmingham.
London.
London.
Boston.
CLARK, Captain E. P.
302
6, Edward Street -
Bath.
CLARK, JOHN, JUN. AND Co.
230
16, George Street, Mile End
Glasgow.
CLARK, LATIMER, STANDFIELD,
596
6, Westminster Chambers, Vic-
London.
AND Co.
toria Street.
CLARKE AND DUNHAM,
674
69, Mark Lane-
London.
CLAXTON, ROBERT
32365, Myddelton Street, Clerken-
London.
well.
CLAY, R.
269
AND CO. (LIMITED).
CLAYTON, MARSDENS, HOLDEN,
244 Wellington Mills
58, Finborough Road, South
Kensington.
London.
Halifax.voa
CLIFF, JOHN
CLIFF, J.
CLOUGH, S. w.
COATS, J. And P.
COCHRANE, ROBERT
CODD, H.
207
Runcorn
656
5, Dungeon Street
222
Stanningley
1521
521
cod bo3422
6600
Ferguslie Thread Works
Athlone
50, Grove Lane, Camberwell
near Liverpool.
Halifax. Is
near Leeds.
Paisley, Ana
Ireland.
London. I
ly

108 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Name.
Class.
Address.

COHNE, SIGISMUND –
201
13, Sise Lane
London.
COLLIER, LUKE
582
COLLINSÓN AND LOCK
217
COLLMANN, LEONARD W.
217
COLTHURST, SYMONS, AND CO. -
208
CONSTABLE, W. H.
453
COOKE, BROTHERS
COOKE, J., And Co.
254
502
COOPER AND Co.
202
COOPER AND HOLT
217
COOPER, GEO., AND CO.
430
COPELAND, GEORGE ALEXANDER
204
CORBETT, J., M.P. -
200
Wellington Works, River Street Rochdale.
109, Fleet Street
London.
67, George Street, Portman London.
Square.
Bridgwater.
Stained Glass Works near Cambridge.
65A and 66A, Constitution Hill Birmingham.
82, Lawley Street, Belmont Birmingham.
Passage.
5, Shoe Lane, Fleet Street
48, 49, and 50, Bunhill Row
Elm Tree House, Anlaly Road
Camborne
Stoke Prior Salt Works

London.
London.
Hull.
Cornwall.
Worcestershire.
CORCORAN, WITT, AND Co.
674
28, Market Buildings, Mark
London.
Lane.
CORK DISTILLERIES COMPANY
662
Cork
Ireland.
CORRY, W., and Co.
660
CORTICENE FLOOR COVERING
234
Cromac Springs, Cromac Street
115, Queen Victoria Street
Belfast.
London.
COMPANY.
COX, BROTHERS
233
Camperdown Works, Lochee -
Dundee.
COX AND SONS
217
CRAIG AND ROSE -
202
CRAVEN, DUNNILL, AND Co.
208
(LIMITED).
CRAWSHAY, ROBERT
430
fil, Glamorganshire.
CROSSE AND BLACKWELL
656
Soho Square
CROSSLEY, J., AND SONS (LIMITED)
239
28, 29, and 31, Southampton London.
Street, Strand.
Caledonian Oil and Colour Edinburgh.
Works.
Jackfield Works near Ironbridge
Cyfarthfa Castle, Merthyr Tyd-
Deanclough Mills
Salop.
South Wales.
London.
Halifax.
CROUCH, HENRY
324
66, Barbican
London.
CROWN PERFUMERY COMPANY
203
40, Strand
- London.
CRUICKSHANK, A. B.
594
5, Reform Street, Dundee
CULMER, W., AND SONS -
286
Hornsey Road
Scotland.
London.
CWMORTHIN SLATE COMPANY
102
Port Madoc
North
Wales.
(LIMITED).
D.
DAGGETT, CHRISTOPHER
DALLAS, D. C.
251
431
Woodstock
362, Gray's Inn Road, King's
Oxfordshire.
London.
Cross.
DALLMEYER, J. H.
324
19, Bloomsbury Street -
London.
DANIELL, A. B., AND SON
213
46, Wigmore Street
London.
DASH, OSMOND
251
10, King's Road
Brighton.
DASHWOOD, C. W.
440
Strand.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, AND Co.
550
Colchester
DAVIDSON, T., JUN., AND Co.
207
33, Garngad Hill
DAVIES, ROBERT S., AND SONS
235
Stonehouse Mills
DAVIS AND WILSON
296
Sun Street West
DAY AND SON
306
47, Charing Cross
1, St. Clement's Church Yard, London.

Essex.
Glasgow.
Birmingham.
London.
- Gloucestershire.
DEAN, HENRY
206
Southam
Rugby.
DEBENHAM AND FREEBODY
250
27, 29, and 31, Wigmore Street-
London.
DE MORINI, CHARLES
453
170, Great Portland Street
London.
DEL RIEGO, M.
323
284, Regent Street
London.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS. LITER
109
A
Name.
Class.
DELF, CAPTAIN WILLIAM
620 Great Bentley
DENNIS, T. H. P., AND Co.
566
Anchor Ironworks
Address.
Colchester.
Chelmsford.
DENT, M. F.
323
33, Cockspur Street, Charing London.
Cross.
DESOTO ALKALI
COMPANY
200
Widnes
#
(LIMITED).
DEWHURST, JOHN, AND SONS
230
Belle Vue Mills
DICKES, WILLIAM
306
Farringdon Road -
Lancashire.
Skipton.
London.
DICKSONS, FERGUSON, and Co.
233
Linen Hall Street
DICKINSON AND HIGHAM
306
73, Farringdon Street
DICKSON, J. HILL AND NEPHEW-
666
Rheea Rod Fibre Works -
DIXON, FREDERICK
101
20, Charterhouse Square -
DOUGALL, J. D.
269
59, St. James' Street
Belfast.
London.
Godalming.
London.
-London.
DOOLIN, W.
400
23, Westland Row
- Dublin.
DOULTON, HENRY, and Co.
DOULTON AND Co.
206
207
63, High Street, Lambeth
London.
DOULTON AND WATTS
206
DOWSON (SUTHERLAND), and
306
Co. (LIMITED) "Iron."
DUDGEON, ARTHUR
101
48, High Street, Lambeth
Lambeth Pottery, Lambeth
12, Fetter Lane
22, Great George Street, West- London.
London.
London.
London.
minster.
DUNBAR, MCMASTER, And Co.
233
Gilford, County Down
DUNN, ROBERt, and Co.
104
Oak Villa, St. Austell
DUNRAVEN, THE COUNTESS OF
252
DUNSTON ENGINE WORKS COM-
PANY.
505
Adare, co. Limerick
Gateshead-on-Tyne
Ireland.
Cornwall.
Ireland.
Durham.

E.
EASTWOOD
AND COMPANY
103
Wellington
Wharf, Belvedere London.
(LIMITED).
Road, Lambeth.
EDGE AND SONS
111
Coalport Works, Shipnal
Shropshire.
EDINBURGH WESTERN
TAN-
652
135, West Port
NING, CURRYING, AND JA-
PANNING COMPANY (LIMITED).
EDWARDS, G.
227
149, Brompton Road
EDWARDS, JOHN
213
King Street, Fenton
EDWARDS, J., AND SON
213
Dalehall Pottery
ELEY, BROTHERS (LIMITED)
204
254, Gray's Inn Road
ELKINGTON AND Co.
218
ELLIS, W. I.
562
ELRICK, C. G.
286
ENGERT, A. C., and Co.
219
ENGERT AND ROLFE
239 pa
ENGLAND, WILLIAM.
430
ENGLISH, JOHN, AND Co.
254
ETZENSBERGER, R. U.
244
Newhall Street
66, Murray Street, Higher Brough-
ton.
8, Aldermanbury Postern
75, City Road
Barchester Street, Poplar New
Town.
7, St. James' Square, Notting Hill
Feckenham
Midland Hotel, St. Pancras
Edinburgh.
London.
Staffordshire.
Burslem.
- London.
Birmingham.
Manchester.
London.

London.
London.
London.ZAID
near
Redditch.

EVANS, DAVID
254
Studley
EVANS AND STAFFORD
651
Campbell Street
EVANS, LESCHER, AND EVANS
200
60, Bartholomew Close
EWART, W., and Son
233
London. OXUD
Redditch.
OUD
- Leicester. Vou
London.OUD
Belfast.
2012 02
110 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
Name. wh/
Class.
Address.

F.
FAIRBAIRN, KENNEDY, AND
524
Leeds.
NAYLOR.
FARMER AND ROGERS
237
171, 173, and 175, Regent Street
London.
FEETHAM, M., and Co.
222
9, Clifford Street
London.
FENTON, CONNOR, AND Co.
233
Linen Hall
Belfast.
FENTON, J.-
254
74, Great Hampton Street
Birmingham.
FERGUSON, BROTHERS
232
Holme Head Works
near
Carlisle.
FESTA, G. P. 12,4
15251
13, Charles Street, Grosvenor London.
Square.
FETHERSTON, J. J.
312 2, Coppinger's Row -
Dublin.
FIELD, J. C. AND J.
201
Lambeth Marsh
London.
FIRMIN AND SONS -
254
153, Strand
London.
FISH, J. AND G.
520
12, Grayston Street, Fiswick
Preston.
FISON, J. P.
673
Feversham Works
Cambridge.
FLEMING, T., AND SON -
521
West Grove Mill -
Halifax.
FLETCHER, ROBERT, AND SONS
259
Paper Works, Stoneclough
near Manchester.
FOGERTY. WILLIAM
441
23, Harcourt Street
Dublin.
FORD WORKS
COMPANY
260
Ford, near Sunderland
Durham.
(LIMITED).
FRADELLE AND MARSHALL
430
230 & 246, Regent Street -
London.
FRANCIS and Co.
103
Bridge Foot, Vauxhall
London.
FRANCIS, THOMAS, AND Co.
28420
Liverpool Street
Birmingham.
FRANCATI AND SANTAMARIA
253
65, Hatton Garden
FRENCH AND Co.
247
St. Mary's Mills
FRIDLANDER, A. A.
253
26, Hylton Street
FRODSHAM, C., AND CO.
323
84, Strand
FRY, J. S., AND SONS
650
252, City Road
FUSSELL, JAMES, SONS, AND Co.
672
Frome
London.
Norwich.
Birmingham.
London.
London.
Somerset.
G.

GADD, THOMAS
-
GARDNER, J., AND SONS-
GARDNER, PETER
-
521
Salford
GEYELIN A・ W. -
GALLOWAY, W. AND J., AND SONS
GASKELL, DEACON, AND Co.-
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF
UNITED KINGDOM.
GERRARD, A. W.-
550
Knott Mill Iron Works
223
453, Strand
213
Dunmore Pottery
200
311
200
Widnes
28, Jermyn Street, A. C. Ramsay,
LL.D., F.R.S. Director-General.
153, Liverpool Road
Manchester.
Manchester.
London.
Stirling, N.B.
Lancashire.
London.
London.
Co.
• •| 656
Belgrave House, Argyle Square
London.
GIBBS, G.
269
29, Corn Street
Bristol.

GIBBS AND MOORE
453
89, Southampton Row
London.
GIBSON, WILLIAM
253
Castle Place
Belfast.
GILL, JAMES
218
66, Regent Street, Lambeth
London.
GIMSON AND COLTMAN
522
Duke Street
Leicester.
GISSING, A. S., AND SONSENS
661
Castle Street, Eye
GLASGOW APOTHECARIES CO.
276
34, Virginia Street
GODBOLD, H. J.
430
8, Grand Parade
GOGGIN, JEREMIAH
253
74, Grafton Street
Suffolk.
Glasgow.
St.Leonards-on-Sea.
Dublin.
GOODALL, BACKHOUSE, AND CO.
656
Boar Lane
GOODALL, C., AND SON
-
306
GOVERNOR AND COMPANY OF 111
COPPER MINERS IN ENG-
LAND.
24, Great College Street, Camden
Town.
Cwm Avon Works, Taibach
Leeds.
London.
Glamorganshire.
GRANT, THOMAS
660
Distillery, Maidstone
Kent

*** ALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS.
111
Name.
Class.
Address.
"GRAPHIC," THE PROPRIETORS OF
306
190, Strand
London.
THE.
GRAYS CHALK QUARRIES Co.
103
90, Lower Thames Street
London.
(LIMITED).
GREAT NORTH OF SCOTLAND
102
GRANITE COMPANY (LIMITED).
GREAT WESTERN IRON
IRON Co.
(LIMITED). Ta
GREENBANK ALKALI CO.
200
St. Helens
GREEN, E., AND SON
550
Economiser Works
Peterhead, N.B.
Soudley Newnham.
AYLancashire.
Wakefield.
GREEN, E. C.
1
269
High Street
GREEN, J., AND NEPHEW
216
107, Queen Victoria Street
Cheltenham.
London.
GREEN, JOHN
652
12, Graham Terrace, Ridley London.
Road, Kingsland.
GREENER, W. W..
GREENING, N., AND SONS
PANY.
GREENWAY, H.
GREENWOOD AND BATLEY
269
St. Mary's Works
228
Birmingham.
Warrington.
GREENMOUNT SPINNING COM-
233
Greenmount Factory, Harold's Dublin.
Cross.
346
Ham Street
Plymouth.
515
Albion Works
Leeds.
GREGORY, JAMES
222
South Park
Lincoln.
GREGORY AND Co.
239
212 and 214, Regent Street
London.
GÜMPEL, C. G.
597
49, Leicester Square
London.
GWYNNE AND Co.-
560
Essex Street Works, Strand
London.
GWYNNE, J. AND H.
560
Hammersmith
London.
H.
HAIGH, EDWARD M.
430
203, Regent Street
HALL, H. E.
441
44, Kingsland Park
HALL, THOMAS
234
8, George Street
HAMBLET, JOSEPH
206
HANDYSIDES STEEP
GRA-
570
DIENT CO.
Street.
HANSON, WILLIAM -
430
HARDMAN, JOHN, AND CO.
HARDY PATENT PICK COM-
453
Newhall Hill
502
PANY. S
Road.
HARGREAVE AND NUSSEYS
235 Farnley Low Mills
HARPER AND MOORES
206*
HARRINGTON, J., AND Co.
255
Union Works, Ryde
HARRISON, GEORGE KING
104
HART, SON, PEARD, ANd Co.
217
HATTON, SONS, AND
Co., late
111
THOMPSON, HATTON AND Co.
HAWKINS BRS., LATE HALE, J.,
AND Co.
296
Hatherton Works
Piercy Works, West Bromwich
9, Victoria Chambers, Victoria
Great George Street
Mining Tool Works, Ecclesall Sheffield.
The Lye and Brettell Works
Wych Street, Strand
Broadwater Tin Plate Works
Leeds. Even in
Stourbridge.
Isle of Wight.
Stourbridge. TZIE
London.
Kidderminster.
Walsall.
London.
Dublin.
Edinburgh.
Staffordshire.
London.
Leeds.
Birmingham.


HAWKINS, J., AND SONS -
232
8, Faulkner Street
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLI-
284
Carlisle Works -
Manchester.
Sheffield.
SON, AND Co.
HAYES, CROSSLEY, AND Co.
254
153, Cheapside HM
HAYNES, T., AND SONS
-560
HAYWOOD, J. S.
# 276 B
HEAP, J., AND CO. (LIMITED)
HEAPS AND WHEATLEY-
515
222
Lee Street
HEAPS, J. K.
327
HEATH, VERNON
430
43, Piccadilly
HEATH, WILLIAM
254
229, Edgware Road
Castle Gate
Brotherton, Normanton
Folly Hall, Holbeck
London. MIDNI
London.00
Nottingham,
Oldham
DO
TKI
- Yorkshire. HOW
- Leeds.
London.
Neveux Works, Crabb's Cross Redditch,
TOU. London.
HEATON, BUTLER, AND BAYNE 458
14, Garrick Street
HEDGES, DAVID
4300
7, Queen Street, Lytham
- London.
Lancashire.an
112
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Name.
Class.
Address.

HEMS, HARRY
HENDERSON, A. L.
217
430
69, Paris Street
Exeter.
HENDERSON and Co.
239
HENRY, ALEXANDER
269
HEPWORTH, B., AND SON
235
HETLEY, J., AND SON
214
35, Soho Square
HEWITT, WILLIAM
HEYMANN AND ALEXANDER
252
Stoney Street
HICKS, J. J.
320
8, Hatton Garden
HIERONIMUS, W..
219
53, City Road;
HIGGIN, T., AND CO.
200
33, Tower Buildings West
HILDITCH, G. and J. B.
019245
HILL AND CLARK
594
HINKS, WELLS, AND CO. -
258
HITCHCOCK, WILLIAMS, AND 250
St. Paul's Churchyard -
Co.
HOARE, JOHN
641
39, Bloomsbury Street
49, King William Street, and London.
Amersham Road, New Cross.
Durham.

12, South Saint Andrew Street Edinburgh.
New Wakefield Mills
554 Prospect Villa, Sydenham Hill Bristol.
11 and 12, Cheapside -
6, Westminster Chambers, Vic-
toria Street.
Buckingham Street Works
Nottingham.
London.
London.
Liverpool.
London.
London.
Birmingham.
London.
London.HOL
Dewsbury.
London.
HODGES, T. W., AND SONS
249
HOE, RICHARD, AND SONS-
HOLDSWORTH, E. W. H. -
255
44, Leadenhall Street
Leicester.
London.
306
12, Clifton Road, St. John's London.
HOLLAND, WILLIAM THOMAS
206
Wood.

Llanelly
North Wales.
HOLLICK AND CO.
-103
Greenwich.
vich. ⠀⠀
HOLMES, PEYTON, & TAYLOR 500
HOOKER, J.
651
43, Borough Road, Southwark
104, Upper Thames Street
London.
London.
HOOPER AND Co.
292
113, Victoria Street.
London.
HOOPER, C., and Co.
235
Eastington Mills, Stonehouse
Gloucestershire.
HOOPER, CLEEVE, Jun.
652
6, 7, and 8, New Weston Street,
London.
Bermondsey.
HOOPER, CLEEVE W., AND SONS -
652
51, Weston Street, Bermondsey London.
HOPE AND CARTER
213
Burslem
Staffordshire.
HOUGHTON, W. D.
111
Friars Green Mill
Warrington.
HOWARD AND BULLOUGH
521
Globe Works
Accrington.
HOWARD AND SONS
217
25, Berners
Street,
Oxford
London.
Street.
HUDSON, FREDERICK
HUDSON, SAMUEL
430
1, Regent Parade, Ventnor
Isle of Wight.
296
65, Dawson Street
Dublin.
HUMBERT, H.
251
30, Barbican
London.
HUNTER, JAMES
102
209, King Street
Aberdeen, N.B.
HUNTER J., AND SON
657
Woodhall Mills, Juniper Green Edinburgh.
HURD, FREDERICK, AND Co.
502
Wood Street
HUTCHINSON, J., and Co.
200
Widnes
Wakefield.
Lancashire.

ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
IND, COOPE, and Co.
306
198, Strand
660
Burton-on-Trent
INDIA RUBBER, GUTTA PER-
326
100, Cannon Street
London.
Staffordshire.
London.
CHA, AND TELEGRAPH
WORKS COMPANY (LIMITED)
D
INGHAM, J., AND SON
530
Croft Head Works, Thorn- near Bradford.
ton.
INMAN BROTHERS
660
Aspley Place
INMAN STEAMSHIP COMPANY
595
22, Water Street
Huddersfield.
Liverpool.
(LIMITED).
.:

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS.
113
ه ایران
Name.
Class.
Address.
J.
JAAP, J.
203
268, Buchanan Street
JACOBY, M., and
Co.
252
Broadway
JEFFERY, JOHN
253
14, Tottenham Court Road
Glasgow.
Nottingham.
London.
JEFFREY AND Co.
264
64, Essex Road, Islington
London.
JEFFREYS, CHARLES
217
103, Hatton Garden
London.
JENKINSON, A.
216
10, Princes Street
JENNINGS, GEORGE
206
Palace Wharf, Stangate
JENNINGS, PAYNE
430
JENNINGS, THOMAS
200
JESSOP, W., AND SONS
111
JOHNSON And Co.
660
1, Belgrave Place, Belgrave
Square, Rathmines.
Brookfield Chemical Works
Park and Brightside Works
Edinburgh.
London.
Dublin.
Cork.
Sheffield.
Canterbury.
JOHNSON AND Co.-
.206
Ditchling Potteries
JOHNSON BROTHERS
202
High Street
JOHNSON, EDMUND
306
3, Castle Street, Holborn
JOHNSON, J., and Co.
254
Charterhouse Works, Sycamore
Street.
JOHNSON, J. M., AND SONS
306
8, Castle Street, Holborn
(LIMITED).
JOHNSON, JABEZ, AND FILDES
230
44, Spring Gardens
Sussex.
Hull.
London.
London.
London.
Manchester.
JOHNSON, MATTHEY, AND CO. -
110
78, Hatton Garden
JOHNSTON STILL COMPANY
660
(LIMITED).
JOHNSTON, W. AND A. K.
300
JONES, PALMER, and Co.
656
Rye Vale Distillery, Leixlip, near
4, St. Andrew Square -
Eastern Works, Tabernacle London.
Edinburgh.
Walk, Finsbury.
JONES, PRYCE
236
Newtown
Montgomeryshire.
K.
KAY AND HILTON.
674
Bankhall Bridge
Liverpool.
KEEN, ROBINSON, BELLVILLE,
657
6, Garlick Hill, Cannon Street London.
AND Co.
KENT, GEORGE
224
200, High Holborn
London.
KENT, G. B., and Co.
286
11, Great Marlborough Street
London.
KERR, EDWARD
219
7, Merville Terrace, Gilford
Dublin.
Place, North Strand.
KILNER BROTHERS
215
Great Northern Goods Station, London.
King's Cross.
KIMBALL AND MORTON
531
80, Bishop Street, Anderston
Glasgow.
KIMBERLEY, N. G.
505
11, Great St. Helen's -
London.
KIMPTON, THOMAS
226
2 and 3, Barnard's Inn, Holborn
London.
KING BROTHERS.
206
Stourbridge.
KING, WILLIAM
235
Gillroyd and Albert Mills, Leeds.
Morley.
KINGSBURY, THOMAS
282
9, New Bond Street
KINMOND and Co.
200
Kenilworth Street
KIRBY, BEARD, AND Co.
254
18, Cannon Street
KNIGHT, MISS MARY
2217
1, Anderson Street, Chelsea
KULLBERG, VICTOR
323
105, Liverpool Road, Islington
London.
Leamington.
London.
London.
London.
36714.
H

114 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Name.
Class.
Address.
(205
217
233
233
14269
2692
276
239
565
- 254
94656
656
430
274
$430
LACEY, R. G.
L.
LA FARGUE, PAUL
LAING'S PATENT OVERHEAD
HAND STITCH SEWING MA-
CHINE CO.
LAIRD, WILLIAM, AND CO.
LANCASTER, ALFRED
LANCASTER, C. W.
LANG, J. AND J.
LANG, J., AND SONS
LAPWORTH BROTHERS
LAVERS, A. H.
LAWRENCE and Co.
LAWSON, S., AND SONS
LEA & PERRINS
LEDGER, H., and Co.
LEE AND Co.
LEE, DR. R. J.
LEIGHTON, JOHN
LEMERE, BEDFORD
-103
***
61 and 63, Lant Street, Borough London.
Cardiff.
London.
-440 12, Ormonde Terrace, Regent's London.
Coast Guard Station, Leigh
27, South Hill Park, Hampstead London.
531 4, Bain Square -
Essex.
Dundee.
Canmore Linen Works
27, South Audley Street
151, New Bond Street -
Forfar, N.B.
London.
London.
13,
13,
Charterhouse
Aldersgate Street.
Buildings,
London.
269 22, Cockspur Street, Pall Mall
London.
22, Old Bond Street
London.
Nine Elms
London.
22, St. Mary Axe
London.
Hope Foundry -
Leeds.
Worcester.
9, Crockherbtown
4, Savile Row -
Park. G
147, Strand
LEWIS, JOHN
239
India Buildings
LEWIS, J.
Ave
340
LILLY, J., And Co.
1540
177, Canongate
540⠀⠀⠀ | 172, St. John's Street, Clerken- London.
well.
London.
Halifax.
Edinburgh.
LINCOLN, BENNETT, ANd Co.
251
40, Piccadilly
SHAURRE
- London.
LINDLEY, R. C.
102
Mansfield
LINDSAY AND ANDERSON
206
Lilliehill Works
LITTLE, T. W., AND Co.
235
Monk Bridge Mills
LIVER ALKALI WORKS CO.
co
200
Lightbody Street
LIVERPOOL SPUN OAKUM
229
9, North John Street
LLOYD, T., AND SONS
674
327, Old Street, Shoreditch
Nottingham.
Dunfermline, N.B.
Leeds.
Liverpool.
Liverpool.
London.
LOBB, JOHN
251
LOCKWOOD, CROSBY, and Co.
296, Regent Street
306 7, Stationers' Hall Court, Lud- London.
London.
LOGAN, J M.
gate Hill
594
Chesterton Road
LONDON STEREOSCOPIC AND
PHOTOGRAPHIC CO.
430
108, Regent Street
LOTH, DR. JOHN THOMAS
- 306
18, Gilmore Place
叁
​Cambridge.
London.
Edinburgh.
LOVEY, EDWARD
683
Ponsnooth, Perran-ar-worthal - Cornwall.
LOW, SON, AND HAYDON
203
148 and 330, Strand
London.
LYNCH AND Co.
276
171A, Aldersgate Street
- London.
LYON, WASHINGTON
321
1, Cowper's Court, Cornhill
LYONS, WILLIAM
202
Park Street
London.
Manchester.
M.
MACDERMOTT, M.
502
Pudding Lane.
MACDONALD, A., FIELD, AND Co.
102
MACINTOSH, JAMES
219
38, Langham Street
MACKAY, JOHN
203
MACKENZIE, D. (care of W. Smith)
527
Scott's Chambers, 25 and 26, London.
Aberdeen Granite Works
119, George Street
19, Salisbury Street, Strand
Aberdeen, N.B.
London.
Edinburgh.
London.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS.
115
Name.
Class.
MAHONY, M., AND BROTHERS
235
3, Camden Quay
MANSELL, W. A., and Co.
430
2, Percy Street
MARLING AND Co.
235
Ebley and Stanley Mills
MARRISON, R. D.
269
Great Orford Street
Address.
Cork.
London.
Stroud.
Norwich.
MARRIOTT, MRS. ELIZABETH
513
ington.
MARSHALL AND CO.
233
MARSHALL, T. J., AND Co.
525
Kingsland.
MARTIN, CLAUDE
596
MARTIN, ROBERT
296
MARTIN, WILLIAM HENRY
254
MASSEY, B. AND S.
514
MATIER, H., AND CO.
233
Clarence Place
MATTHEWS, ED., AND SON
217
377, Oxford Street
15, Oldfield Road, Stoke New- London.
Campbell Works, Gillet Street,
Leeds.
London.
73 and 74, King William Street London.
Kent.
The Village, Old Charlton
64 and 65, Burlington Arcade, London.
Piccadilly.
Openshaw
- Manchester.
Belfast.
London.
MATTHEWS, JAMES
251
MATTHEWS, JOHN
206
MAW AND Co.
208
MAW, T.
656
MAYER AND MELTZER
$276
MCBRIDE, ROBERT, AND Co.
230€
4, Bedford Street
43, Gibson Street, Waterloo Road London.
Royal Pottery
Benthall Works, Broseley
Windsor Place, Burmantofts
71, Great Portland Street
Weston-super-Mare.
Salop.
Leeds.
London.
Belfast.
www.
MCCANN, JOHN
657
Beamond Mills, Drogheda
MCGEE, J. G., AND Co.
co.
250
30, 32, 34, High Street
Ireland. HET
Belfast.
MCGRATH, JOHN
453
MCLINTOCK, JAMES, AND SONS
250
Barnsley
MCNAUGHT AND SMITH
292
MOTEAR AND Co.
239
Corporation Street
MELLIN, GUSTAV
656
Street.e
2.
MENIER, E.
650
MERCER, THOMAS
323
161, Goswell Road
MIDDLETON, THOMAS JOHN
324
6A, White Lion Street, Chelsea - London.tk
Yorkshire. T
Worcester.
Belfast.
16, Tichborne Street, Regent London.
Southwark Street, Borough
London.
- London.
London.
38, Little Queen Street, High
Holborn.
MILL HILL WOOL AND RAG EX-
667
Mill Hill Works
TRACTING COMPANY (LIMITED).
MILLAR, JOHN, AND Co.
216
2, South Saint Andrew Street
MILNER, WILLIAM, AND SONS
243 Union Street, Leek
MILWARD, H., AND SONS
254
MINTON, HOLLINS, AND Co.
208
MINTONS
213
MIRRLEES, TAIT, AND WATSON
581
Scotland Street Ironworks
MONCRIEFF, J.
555%
North British Glass Works
MONCKTON, E. H. C.
551
Care of Coutt's & Co., Strand
MOREWOOD, E., AND CO. -
111
MORGAN, GEORGE -
402
Brompton.
MORLEY, J. AND R.
250
18, Wood Street, Cheapside
MORSON, T., AND SON
200
Row, Russell Square.
MORTON, GEORGE
MORTON, W., SCOTT, AND Co.
217
Art Furniture Works
MOTT AND Co.
660
MOY, THOMAS
552
MUIR, JAMES, AND SON
660
Calton Hill Brewery
Coleridge House
Huddersfield.
Edinburgh.
rdshire.
Redditch.
Stoke-on-Trent.
Stoke-upon-Trent.
Glasgow.
Perth, N.B.
London.
Swansea.
144, Finborough Road, West London.
31, 33, and 124, Southampton
-323
323931, Hanover Street, Islington
18, Galltree Gate
37, Farringdon Street
London.
London.
London.
-
Edinburgh. She
Leicester.19
London.
- Edinburgh,
MULLINER, H., AND Co.
292
MUNROE, WILLIAM
683
MURRAY, ANDREW
306
MUSPRATT, J., AND SONS -
200
5, Chapel Street
MUSPRATT BROS. and HUNTLEY
200
5, Chapel Street
High Street, Wick
67, Bedford Gardens, Kensington
-
Leamington Spa.
Caithness, N.B.
London.
Liverpool.ING
Liverpool. T
H 2

116 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
Name.
Class.
N.
#
Address.
NAIRN, M., AND Co.
234
NASH, H., AND CO.
111
NEAL, JOHN
253
NEAL, JOHN, and Co.
282
NEEDHAM, JOHN
282
69, Arundel Street
NEEDHAM, J. AND G. H.
269
53, Piccadilly
NEEDHAM AND KITE
565
Tower Buildings, North, Water
Street.
44, 46, 48, Edgeware Road
22, 23, 24, Hampden Gurney
Street, Portman Square.
Phoenix Iron Works, Vauxhall
Kirkcaldy, N.B.
Liverpool.
London.
London.
Sheffield.
London.
London.
NEGRETTI AND ZAMBRA
320
Holborn Viaduct, 45, Cornhill,
London.
and 123, Regent Street.
NEIGHBOUR, G., AND SONS
683
149, Regent Street
London.
NEILSON, STORER, AND SONS
230
Thorn Mills, Johnstone
near Paisley, N.B.
NEWCASTLE CHEMICAL WORKS
200
Newcastle-on-Tyne.
COMPANY (LIMITED).
NICHOLL, S. J.
441
1, Caversham Road, Kentish London.
Town.
NICHOLSON, H.
340
Kilner Deyne Terrace,
The Rochdale.
Park.
NICOLE, NEILSON, AND Co., late
323
14, Soho Square
London.
NICOLE AND CAPT.
NICOLL, DONALD
656
15, Clement's Inn
London.
NORMAN, CARL
430
Graphic Villa
Tunbridge Wells.
NORMAND, JAMES, AND SONS
233
Dysart
Fifeshire, N.B.
NORRIS AND Co.
246
124, Wood Street
London.
NORTON AND SHAW
306
Garrick Street
London.
NUSSEY AND LEACHMAN
515
Leeds.
0.
OAKEY, JOHN, AND SONS
106
ORDNANCE SURVEY OFFICE,
311
MAJOR-GENERAL CAMERON,
R.E., C.B., Director-General.
ORTNER AND HOULE
Wellington Mills, Westminster London.
Bridge Road.
Southampton.
258
3, St. James's Street
London.
...
P.
PALMER SAMUEL
PARKINSON BROTHERS
PARTRIDGE AND Co.
-15-
306
Park
200
223
House, Grove Street, London.
South Hackney.
43, Hammerton Street, Burnley
89, Lombard Street
Lancashire.
Birmingham.
PATCHITT, E. C..
15 -
6564
PATENT NUT AND BOLT COM-
284
PANY.
PATENT
PLUMBAGO CRUCI-
207
Ilkeston Road
London Works
Battersea Works
Nottingham.
near Birmingham.
London.
BLE COMPANY
PATENT SELENITIC CEMENT
103
214, Millbank Street, West- London.
COMPANY (LIMITED).
minster.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS.
117
Name.
Class.
Address.
PATRICK, H. W., AND SON
278
PAUL, W.
306
PEAKE, THOMAS
206
PEARS, A. AND F.-
201
PEARSON, T., AND SON
230
54, Church Street
PENDOCK BROTHERS
660
Queen Street Wharf
PENROSE AND RICHARDS
101
Swansea
22, St. Luke Street, Stockbrook Derby.
Street.
Waltham Cross
The Tileries, Tunstall
91, Great Russell Street
Staffordshire.
London.
Manchester.
Bristol.
South Wales.
Essex.
PEN - YR
ORSEDD SLATE
102
Carnarvon
North Wales.
QUARRY COMPANY (LIMITED).
PERKS, SAMUEL
203
High Street, Hitchin
Herts,
PERKINS, A. M., AND SON
222
Seaford Street, Regent's Square, London-
Gray's Inn Road.
PETERS, THOMAS, AND SONS
292
53, Park Street,
Grosvenor London.
Square.
PEYTON AND PEYTON
217
Bordesley Works
Birmingham..er?
PHIPSON, MISS EMMA
217
Monk Sherborne, Basingstoke - Hants.
PHOSPHOR BRONZE CO. (LIMI-
114
139, Cannon Street
London.
TED.)
PICKERING, J.
503
Globe Works
Stockton-on-Tees.
PIGOU,
WILKS,
AND
LAW-
204
11, Queen Victoria Street
London.
RENCE, LIMITED.
PIKE, WILLIAM JOSEPH
104
Wareham
PIM BROTHERS AND COMPANY
238
22, William Street
Dorsetshire.
Dublin.
PIRIE, A., AND SONS
259
Stoneywood Works
Aberdeen.
PLATT, BROTHERS, AND COM-
521
Hartford Works
Oldham.
PANY (LIMITED).
PLUNKETT, J., AND Co.
657
West.
POLLOCK, SYDNEY -
296
72, Lancaster Road
POOLE, JAMES, AND CO,
323
PortlandWorks, Portland Street Dublin.
33, Spencer Street, Clerkenwell
Notting Hill.
London.
POTTS, ROBERT, M.A.
306
Trinity College
POWELL AND BISHOP
213
Hanley
Cambridge.
Staffordshire.
POWELL AND SONS
453
Glass Works, Whitefriars
London.
POWELL, T.
657
81, High Street, St. Marylebone
London.
:.
PRATT, J.
656
227, Oxford Street
London.
PRICE AND Co.
306
36, Great Russell Street
London.
PRICE, J. AND C., AND BROTHERS
210
69, Victoria Street
Bristol.
CHA
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE COM-
201
Belmont Works, Battersea
London.
PANY (LIMITED).
PUCKRIDGE,
FREDERICK, AND
652
530, 534, Kingsland Road
London.
NEPHEW.
PULLINGER, COLIN
224
Selsey, near Chichester
Sussex..KTY
PULLMAN, ROBERT AND JOHN
652
17, Greek Street, Soho
London.
PULVERMACHER, I. L.
274
194, Regent Street
London.
PURDEY, JAMES
269
3142, Oxford Street
London.
Q.
QUICK, W. M. R.
422
49, Fleet Street
London.
R.
RAMSEY, WILLIAM-
453
83 and 84, Farringdon Street -
London.
RANSOMES, SIMS, AND HEAD
552
Orwell Works
-
Ipswich.
RAVENSTEIN, E. G.
300
10, Lorn Road, Brixton
London.

118 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Name.
Class.
Address.
RAWLINS AND SON
REILLY, E. M., AND Co.
-202. Brook Works, Rainhill
Prescot.
REIN, F. C., MRS.
269❘ 502, New Oxford Street
276 108, Strand
London.
London.
REIN, F. C., AND SON
276 108, Strand
London.
222079, Old Ford Road
RIMMEL, EUGÈNE
REYNOLDS, J. G.
RICHARDS, KEARNE, AND GAS 200 Sandbach
QUOINE. QİSAS
RICHARDSON, J. N., SONS, AND
OWDEN.
RICHARDSON, EARP, AND SLATER
RICKARDS, CHARLES A.
RIGBY, JOHN, AND Co.
660 Trent and Northgate Brewery - Newark-upon-Trent.
243
Bell Busk Mills
269❘ 72, St. James' Street
near Leeds.
London.
London.
London,
Cheshire.
M
2331, Donegall Square, North
Belfast.
ROBERTS, JOHN
ROBERTS, JOHN, AND SONS
292
20396, Strand
-292 10, Cavendish Street, Stretford Manchester.
Road.
West of England Carriage Bridgewater.
Works.
ROBERTS, WILLIAM
510
ROBINSON, H. P., AND CHERILL,
430
139, Derby Road, Bootle near Liverpool.
The New Public Buildings
Tunbridge Wells.
N. K.
ROBINSON, VINCENT, AND Co.
239
38, Welbeck Street, Cavendish
London.
Square.
ROBY, GEORGE
596
31, King Street
Wigan.
ROE, WILLIAM ALLEN
-251
81, Humberstone Gate
Leicester.
ROLA, VINCENT
300
22, Leinster Square, Bayswater
London.
ROSS, W. A.
565
Cromac Buildings.
Belfast.
ROSS AND Co.
324
7, Wigmore Street, Cavendish
London.
Square.
ROUTLEDGE, THOMAS
259
The Ford Works Co.
Durham.
ROWNEY, G., AND Co.
RUNCORN SOAP AND ALKALI
COMPANY (LIMITED).
202
52, Rathbone Place
London.
2002 6, Water Street
Liverpool.
300
Science and Art Department, London.
South Kensington Museum
270❘ 48, Ellis Street
RUNDELL, J. B.
RYDER, WILLIAM HENRY
Birmingham.
:
S.
SAGE, FREDERICK
217
SAINTY, J. AND B.
673
SALTER, SAMUEL, AND Co.
235
Home Mills, Trowbridge
SANDEMAN, F. S. -
233
Manhattan Works
SANDERSON AND PROCTER
564
Shore Works
SANDS BROTHERS AND Co.
-
652
Salford Chemical Works
80 to 84, Gray's Inn Road
Alpha Machine Works
London.
Wisbeach.
Wilts.
Dundee, N.B.
Huddersfield.
Manchester.

SANGSTER AND Co.
My
254
140, Regent Street
London.
SANSON, R. B.
531
87, Globe Road, Mile End Road
London.
SAXBY AND FARMER
575
Canterbury Road, Kilburn
London.
SCHILDBERG, H., AND Co.
217
26, Moorgate Street
London.
SCHNEIDER, E. A.
656
4, Cambria Villa, Chesterton
Cambridge.
Road.
SCHOOL OF ART NEEDLE- 217 31, Sloane Street
London.
WORK, ROYAL.
SCHRIEBER, F. A.
SCHWABE, SALIS, AND Co.-
SCIENCE
AND ART DEPART-
MENT, P. CUNLIFFE OWEN, C.B.,
Director.
SCOTT, R. J.
250
17, Thavies Inn
232
41, George Street
312
South Kensington Museum
302
London.
Manchester.
London.

8, Whitefriars Street, Fleet London.
Street.

2014
119
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS.
-
Name.
Class.
Address.
SCOTT, W. AND C., AND SON
269
Premier Gun Works, Lancaster Birmingham.
Street.
SEATON, WILLIAM
574
19, Salisbury Street, Strand
London.
SEWILL, J.
323
20, Cornhill, Royal Exchange
London.
SHAW, WILLIAM
540
3, Sheldon Street, Bayswater
London.
SHEARER, HUGH
516
21, Great George Streets
London.addre
SHEARER, SMITH, AND Co.
102
21, Great George Street
London.
SHELDON AND FENTON
245
12, King Street, Cheapside
London.
SHOOLBRED AND CO.
217
Tottenham Court Road
London.
SIEBE AND GORMAN
594
17, Mason Street, Westminster London.
Bridge Road.
SIEMENS BROTHERS
326
12, Queen Anne's Gate
London.
SIEMENS, C. WILLIAM
111
12, Queen Anne's Gate
London.
SILICATE PAINT COMPANY, The 202 24, Fenwick Street
Liverpool.
SIMON, MAY, AND Co.
249
Week-day Cross
SIMPSON AND KING
232
7, York Street -
Nottingham.
Manchester.
SINGER, J. W., AND SON
217
Frome-
SKELTON AND CO.
223
37, Essex Street, Strand
SLINGSBY, R.
430
168, High Street
SLOPER, J. -
258
6, King William Street, City
SMARTT, W.
224
Queen's Road, Buckhurst Hill
SMITH, BORTHWICK
323
Junction Street
Somerset.
London
Lincoln.
London.
London.
Coventry.
SMITH, DAVID
306
Liddal -
SMITH, DAVID, AND CO. (LIMITED)
667
Kensington Works
Halifax.
Halifax..
SMITH, DILLWYN
506
153, Duke Street
SMITH, F., AND CO.
111
Caledonia Works
Liverpool.
Halifax.
SMITH, GEORGE
327
SMITH, GEORGE JOHN
252
57, Victoria Park Road, South London.
Hackney.
The Terrace, Church Road, London.
Upper Norwood.
SMITH, J. AND S.
522
Low Bridge Works
Keighley.
SMITH, JAMES, AND SON
254
Astwood Bank
near Redditch.
SMITH, JOHN WRIGHT
254
121, Belgrave Gate
Leicester.
SMITH AND STARLEY
531
Trafalgar Works
Coventry.
SMITH, T. AND H., AND CO.
656
21, Duke Street
Edinburgh.
SMITH, WILLIAM, AND SONS
682
Barnard Castle
Durham.
SMYTH AND Co.
250€
36 and 37, Lower Abbey Street Dublin.
SOPER, WILLIAM
265
23, Friar Street
Reading,
SPENCE, PETER
200
Oldham Road -
Manchester.
SPILL, DANIEL
289
124, High Street, Homerton
London.
STANLEY BROTHERS
208
Midland Tile Works, Nuneaton
Warwickshire.
STAR PLATE AND UNIVERSAL
201
6, Gracechurch Street
London.
POLISHING POWDER COM-
PANY.
STEEL AND GARLAND
222
Wharncliffe Works
Sheffield.
STEPHENS, H. C. -
202
171, Aldersgate Street-
London.
STEPHENSON, BLAKE, ANd Co. -
306
199, Allen Street
STEVENS, THOMAS
246
20, Warwick Lane
STEVENS, T.
657
46, Hope Street, Wrexham
STEWART, MOIR, AND MUIR
249
73, Mitchell Street
STIFF, J., AND SONS
210
STOCKMAN, B. P.
534
STORER, DAVID, AND SONS
202
High Street, Lambeth -
3, Poets' Corner, Westminster
Abbey.
Sydney Street
Sheffield.
London.
N. Wales. Wall
Glasgow, N.B.
London.
STORER, JOSEPH
218
Stamford Brock
STURGE'S MONTSERRAT COM
203
Broad Street
Glasgow, N.B.
Hammersmith,
Birmingham.
PANY (LIMITED).
SUGG, W.
509
SUNDAY SCHOOL UNION
300
56, Old Bailey
SUTCLIFFE, JAMES S.
5802
Bacup -
Vincent Works, Vincent Street Westminster.
London.
Lancashire.

120 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
Name.
Class.
Address.
SWAINE AND ADENEY
254
185, Piccadilly-
SWAINSON, BIRLEY, AND Co.
230
42, Cheapside
SWANSEA TIN PLATE Co.
111
Tin Plate Works
London.
London.
Swansea,
SWIFT, JAMES
324
43, University Street, Tottenham London.
Court Road.
SYKES, JOSEPHINE, AND Co.
250
280, Regent Street
London.
T.
TANGYE BROTHERS
563
Cornwall Works, Soho
TAPLING, THOMAS, AND Co.
239
1 to 8, Gresham Street, West
TAYLER, D. F., AND Co.
254
New Hall Works
TELEGRAPH CONSTRUCTION
326
38, Old Broad Street
Birmingham.
London.
Birmingham.
London.
AND MAINTENANCE CO.
(LIMITED).
TEMPLETON, J., AND Co.-
239
William Street
TEMPLETON, J. AND J. S.
239
Crownpoint Road
Glasgow, N.B.
Glasgow, N.B.
THERMO ELECTRIC GENERATOR
552
27, New Street, Cloth Fair
London.
COMPANY (LIMITED).
THEILLAY, E. H.
203
Charing Cross Hotel
London.
THOMPSON, C.
293
33, Newington Butts
London.
THOMPSON
Glasgow.
THOMSON, W. S., AND SONS
251
97, Cheapside-
London.
THORN, CHARLES
292
St. Giles Gate-
Norwich.
THORNTON, E.
222
12, Richmond Road
Bradford.
TINWORTH, GEORGE
206
122, Hill Street, Walworth
TOLLEY. J. AND W.
269
TOMKINSON AND ADAM -
239
TOMLINE, Colonel GEORGE
542
TRESS AND Co.
251
TULL, GLANVILL, and Co.
234
Lambeth.
TURNER, CHARLES
553
TURNER, Charles, and SON
202
TURNER, A., AND Co.
249
Bow Bridge Works
TURNER, George, and Co.
D Co.
250
94, Gracechurch Street
TURNER, REUBEN PANTHER
650
7, Market Place
TURNER, R., AND CO.
254
Old Factory
Pioneer Works, St. Mary's Square
Carlton Terrace
3, 5, and 7, Stamford Street
Crown Works, Roupell Street,
3, Bugle Street
7, Broad Street, Bloomsbury
London.
Birmingham.
Southampton.
London.
Leicester.
London.
Peterborough.
Redditch.
Kidderminster.
London.
London.
London.
TURTLE AND PEARCE
288
11, Duke St., London Bridge
London. C
TYPOGRAPHIC ETCHING COM-
PANY.
431 23, Farringdon Street
London.
U.
ཝུ། ཀན་གྱི
UHLRICH, H. S.
422
Brynterian Chelsfield, Chisle- Kent.
hurst.
ULLATHORNE AND Co.
233
Barnard Castle
Durham.
UNIVERSAL CHARCOAL AND
681
5, High Street
Manchester.
SEWAGE COMPANY (LIMITED).
USHER, RUFUS
200 Bodicote, near Banbury
Oxfordshire.
V.
VANSITTART, MRS. HENRIETTA
554
2, Montpelier Row
Twickenham.
VAN-VOLEN, GERRET
254
VEITCH, J., AND SONS
700
50 and 52, Waterloo Road, London.
Lambeth.
Road, Chelsea.
Royal Exotic Nursery, King's London.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS.__\_||
121
Name.
Class.
Address.
W.
WALLACE AND TUCKER
564
3, Antrim Place
Belfast.
WALTER, JOHN, M.P.
540
"Times" Office, Printing House London.
Square.
WARD, A., AND Co.
243
Albion Mills, Leek
WARD ANd Co.
217
158, Piccadilly -
Staffordshire.
London.
WARD, MARCUS, AND Co.
259
67 and 68, Chandos Street, London.
Strand.
WARD AND HUGHES
453
67, Frith Street, Soho
London.
WARD AND PAYNE
280
West Street
Sheffield.
WARNER, R.
306
8, Crescent, Cripplegate
London.
WARRINGTON
WIRE
ROPE
111
32, Redcross Street
Liverpool.
WORKS (LIMITED).
WATCOMBE
TERRA
COTTA
206
St. Mary's Church, Torquay
South Devon.
COMPANY (LIMITED).
WATERER, ANTHONY
700
Knap Hill Nursery, Woking
Surrey.
WATERSTON, G., AND SON
202
56, Hanover Street
Edinburgh.
WATSON AND Co., of Bombay, care of
WATSON, J., AND SON -
217
Moorgate Street Chambers, City London.
WEBB, EDWARD, AND SONS
240
Copenhagen Street
Worcester.
WEBLEY, P., AND SON
269
82, Weaman Street
Birmingham.
WEBSTER, HENRY
258
22, Litchfield Street, Soho
London.
--
WELCH, ALFRED
571
11, Bank Buildings, Metro-
London.
politan Cattle Market.
WELCH, MARGETSON, AND Co.
247
16 and 17, Cheapside
London.
WELDON, WALTER -
200
Abbey Lodge, Merton -
$
WELLOCK, J., and Co.
234
62 and 64, Broom Street
Surrey.
Bradford.
WEST CUMBERLAND IRON AND
111
Workington
Cumberland.
STEEL COMPANY.
WETHERED, E. R., MAJOR, R.A.
217
Woolwich
Kent.
WHEELER, EDMUND
324
WHITE, WILLIAM GEORGE
284
48, Tollington Road, Holloway
Albert Villa, New Malden
London.
Surrey.
WHITE, J. AND J.
200
80, Wilson Street
Glasgow.
WHITTAKER, R.
323
7, Great Sutton Street, Clerken-
well.
London.
WHITWELL, THOMAS
111
Thornaby Iron Works -
Stockton-on-Tees.
WIER, M. A., and Co.
321**
WIER, M. A.
552
6, Kirby Street, Hatton Garden
33, Abchurch Lane
London.
London.
WIGAN COAL AND IRON COM-
100
Wigan -
Lancashire.
PANY (LIMITED).
WILD, JOHN
230
Greenfield Mill, Shaw
near Oldham.
WILKINSON, W., AND SONS
670
Grimesthorpe
Sheffield.
WILLIAMS, B. S.
708
Victoria and Paradise Nurseries,
London.
Upper Holloway.
WILLIAMS, E. G., AND Co.
238
Bradford
Yorkshire.
WILLIAMS, M.
202
Britannia Varnish Works
Wigan.
WILLIAMS AND POWELL
269
25, South Castle Street
Liverpool.
WILLIAMS, R. P. -
574
9, Great George Street, West-
London.
minster.
WILLS, A. W.
670
Park Mills, Nechells
Birmingham.
WILSON, G. W., AND CO. -
430
24, Crown Street
Aberdeen, N.B.
WILSON, Newton, and Co.
531
144, High Holborn
London.
WILSON, T. AND D., and Co.
230
145, Ingram Street
Glasgow.
WILSON, WALKER, AND Co.
652
Sheepscar Works
--
Leeds.
WINDOVER, C. S.-
292
32 and 33, Long Acre
London.
WOOD AND IVERY-
206
Albion Brick Works, West Staffordshire.
Bromwich.

122
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Name.
Class.
Address.
WOOD, J. W.
594
Collector of H.M. Customs
Harwich.
WOODFIELD, W., and SONS
254
Easemore Works
Redditch.
WOSTENHOLM AND SON (LIMITED)
281
Washington Works
Sheffield.
WOULDHAM
CEMENT COM-
103
10A, King's Arms Yard, Moor- London.
PANY.
Arm
gate Street.
WRIGHT, HERBEET, AND Co.
660
Maxton Brewery
near
Dover.
WRIGHT, P., AND SONS
514
Constitution Hill Works, Dudley Worcestershire,
WRIGHT, WILLIAM -
550
Vulcan Foundry, Coatbridge
Scotland.
WRIGHT AND MANSFIELD
217
104, New Bond Street -
London.
WYNDHAM, F., and Co. -
203
37, Eastcheap
London.
WYON, J. S. AND A. B.
402
287, Regent Street
London.
Y.
YOUNG, JAMES
200
Kelly
Wemyss Bay, N.B.
YORK, F.
430
87, Lancaster Road, Notting Hill London.
YORK STREET FLAX SPINNING
233
Belfast.
COMPANY.
YUILLE, ANDREW
650
132, Irongate, Melville Court -
Glasgow.
Z.
ZIMDARS, C. E.
284
327, Grays Inn Road
London.
ZOBEL, C. F. J.
219
139, Euston Road
London.



⠀⠀ ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS...
123
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWN S,
WITH
NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF EXHIBITORS.
ABERDEEN (SCOTLAND).
HUNTER, J.
MACDONALD A., FIELD,
& Co.
PIRIE, A., & SONS
209, King Street.
Aberdeen Granite Works.
Stoneywood Works.
BELFAST (IRELAND)—cont.
DICKSONS, FERGUSON,
Linen Hall Street.
WILSON, G. W., & Co.
24, Crown Street.
ACCRINGTON (LANCASHIRE).
HOWARD & BULLOUGH Globe Works.
ADARE (CO. LIMERICK, IRELAND),
DUNRAVEN, THE COUN-
TESS OF
Adare.
ALLOA, CLACKMANNANSHIRE (SCOT-
LAND).
BAILEY, W. & J. A.
Alloa.
ATHLONE (IRELAND).
COCHRANE, R.
SUTCLIFFE, J. S.
USHER, RUFUS
SMITH, W., & SONS
Bacup.
BACUP (LANCASHIRE).
BANBURY (OXFORDSHIRE).
BARNARD CASTLE (DURHAM).
Bodicote.
Barnard Castle.
ULLATHORNE & Co. - Barnard Castle.
BARNSLEY (YORKSHIRE).
MCLINTOCK, J., & SONS.
BEESLEY & SONS
Abbey Road
Works.
BARROW-IN-FURNESS (LANCASHIRE).
BASINGSTOKE (HAMPSHIRE).
PHIPSON, MISS E. - Monk Sherborne.
BATH (SOMERSETSHIRE).
CARR, I., & Co.
Twerton Mills.
CLARK, CAPTAIN E. P. 6, Edward Street.
Boiler
& Co.
EWART, W., & SON
FENTON, CONNOR,&Co.
GIBSON, W.
MATIER, H., & Co.
MCBRIDE, R., & Co.
MCGEE, J. G., & Co.
MCTEAR & Co.
RICHARDSON, J. N.,
SONS, & OWDEN
Ross, W. A.
WALLACE & TUCKER
YORK STREET FLAX
SPINNING CO., LIMI-
TED
Belfast.
Linen Hall.
Castle Place.
Clarence Place.
4, Bedford Street.
30, 32, 34, High Street.
Corporation Street.
1,Donegall Square North.
Cromac Buildings.
3, Antrim Place.
Belfast.
BESSBROOK, ARMAGH (IRELAND).
BESSBROOK GRANITE WORKS, THE.
BIRMINGHAM.
ASH & LACY
BAKER, C., & SONS
CHANCE BROTHERS &
Co.
COOKE BROTHERS
COOKE, J., & Co.
DAVIS & WILSON
ELKINGTON & Co.
FENTON, J.
FRANCIS, T., & Co.
FRIDLANDER, A. A.
GREENER, W. W.
HARDMAN, J., & Co.
HINKS, WELLS, & Co.
PARTRIDGE & Co.
PATENT NUT & BOLT
COMPANY
BEDFORD.
BARNARD, J.
5, St. Mary's Buildings.
BELFAST (IRELAND).
PEYTON & PEYTON
ANDERSON, D., & SON - Lagan Felt Works.
RYDER, W. H.
BROWN, J. S., & SONS
Bedford Street.
Meriden Street.
98, Lichfield Street.
Glass Works.
65A & 66A, Constitution
Hill.
82, Lawley Street, Bel-
mont Passage.
Sun Street West.
Newhall Street.
74, Great Hampton
Street.
Liverpool Street.
26, Hylton Street.
St. Mary's Works.
Newhall Hill.
Buckingham
Works.
Lombard Street.
London Works.
Bordesley Works.
Street
48, Ellis Street.
SCOTT, W. & C., & SON Premier Gun Works,
CANTRELL & COCHRANE Cromac Buildings.
Lancaster Street.
CORRY, W.
Cromac Springs, Cromac
Street.
STURGES MONTSERRAT
Co., LIMITED
Broad Street.

124
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
BIRMINGHAM-cont.
TANGYE BROTHERS
TAYLER, D. F., & Co.
TOLLEY, J. & W.
WEBLEY, P., & Son
WILLS, A. W.
CAMBORNE (CORNWALL).
Cornwall Works, Soho.
COPELAND, G. A.
Camborne.
New Hall Works.
CAMBRIDGE.
St.
CONSTABLE, W. H.
FISON, J. P.
Stained Glass Works.
LOGAN, J. M.
Pioneer
Works,
Mary's Square.
82, Weaman Street.
Park Mills, Nechells.
BOLTON (LANCASHIRE).
ASHWORTH, E., & SONS Egerton Mills.
BOOTLE (NEAR LIVERPOOL).
POTTS, R., M.A.
SCHNEIDER, E. A.
Feversham Works.
Chesterton Road.
Trinity College.
4, Cambria Villa, Chester-
ton Road.
CANTERBURY (KENT).
Canterbury.
CARDIFF (SOUTH WALES). ****WOO
9, Crockherbtown.
CARLISLE (CUMBERLAND). OXIDIZOCTO
ROBERTS, W.-
BOSTON (LINCOLNSHIRE).
CHEAVIN, GEORGE
139, Derby Road.
JOHNSON & Co.
Wide
e Bargate Filter
LEE & Co.
Works.
BRADFORD.
AMBLER, W.
THORNTON, E.
17, Elizabeth Street.
12, Richmond Road.
WELLOCK, J., & Co.
62 & 64, Broom Street.
WILLIAMS, E. G., &
Co.
Bradford.
FERGUSON Bros.
Holme Head Works.
CARNARVON (NORTH WALES).
PEN-YR-ORSEDD SLATE
QUARRY CO., LIMTD. Carnarvon.
CARNFORTH (LANCASHIRE).
AINSWORTH, T.
near Man-
chester.
Cleator Mills, Cleator.
CHELMSFORD (ESSEX).
DENNIS, T. H. P., & Co. Anchor Ironworks.
CHELTENHAM (GLOUCESTERSHIRE).
BRADFORD (NEAR MANCHESTER).
CALVERT, F. C., & Co. Bradford,
BRIDGWATER (SOMERSETSHIRE).
COLTHURST, SYMONDS,
& Co.
Bridgwater.
ROBERTS, J., & SONS West of England Car-
riage Works.
BRIGHTON (SUSSEX).
DASH, O.
10, King's Road.
BRISTOL.
GIBBS, G.
HEWITT, W.
PENDOCK BROTHERS
PRICE, J. & C., & BROS.
29, Corn Street.
Prospect Villa, Syden-
ham Hill.
Queen Street Wharf.
69, Victoria Street.
BROSELEY (SHROPSHIRE).
MAW & Co.
Benthall Works.
BURNLEY (LANCASHIRE).
PARKINSON BROTHERS 43, Hammerton Street.
BURSLEM (STAFFORDSHIRE).
GREEN, E. C. -
87, High Street.
CHESTER.
BRADFORD, W. H.
CHIPPING NORTON
BLISS, W., & SONS
CHISLEHURST.
UHLRICH, H. S.
Great Saughall.
(OXFORDSHIRE).
Chipping Norton.
Brynterion, Chelsfield.
COATBRIDGE (SCOTLAND).
BAIRD, W., & Co.
WRIGHT, W.
Gartsherrie Ironworks,
Vulcan Foundry.
COBRIDGE (STAFFORDSHIRE).
BROWNFIELD, W.,&SON Cobridge.
COLCHESTER (ESSEX).
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co. Colchester.
DELF, CAPT. W.
Great Bentley.
BATES, WALKER, & Co.
Dale Hall Works.
EDWARDS, J., & SON
HOPE & CARTER
BURTON-ON-TRENT (STAFFORDSHIRE).
Dale Hall Pottery.
Burslem.
CORK.
CORK
DISTILLERIES
Co.
BINDLEY & Co.
The Brewery.
JENNINGS, T.
IND, COOPE, & Co.
Burton-on-Trent.
MAHONY, M., & BROS. -
Cork.
Brookfield Works.
3, Camden Quay.

PAS GREGALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS. A
18
125
COVENTRY.
BROWETT, F., & Co.
-Coventry.
SMITH, B.
Junction Street.
DUNBAR (SCOTLAND).
ANNANDALE, A., &
SONS
Beltonford Paper Works.
SMITH & STARLEY
Trafalgar Works.
DUNDEE (SCOTLAND).
DALBEATTIE (SCOTLAND).
BRECHIN, J. B.
SHEARER, HUGH
DERBY.
Dalbeattie
Granite
Cox, BROS.
45, Commercial Street.
Camperdown Works,
Quarry.
Lochee.
CRUICKSHANK, A. B.
5, Reform Street.
LAING'S PATENT ÖVER-
PATRICK, H. W., & SON 22, St. Luke Street,
Stockbrook Street.
DEWSBURY (YORKSHIRE).
HEPWORTH, B., & SON
New Wakefield Mills.
DITCHLING (SUSSEX).
JOHNSON & Co.
Ditchling Potteries.
HEAD HAND STITCHVIS MAN B
SEWING MACHINE Co. 4, Bain Street.
SANDEMAN, F. S.
Manhattan Works.
(SCOT-
DUNFERMLINE, FIFESHIRE
LAND).
LINDSAY & ANDERSON Lilliehill Works.
DOVER (KENT).
DURHAM.
WRIGHT, H., & Co.
Maxton Brewery.
HENDERSON & Co.
FORD WORKS Co.
Durham.
DROGHEDA, LOUTH (IRELAND).
MCCANN, J.
Beamond Mills.
DUBLIN.
BEATTY, F. S. -
BEWLEY & DRAPER
BROWNRIGG, T. M.
BURKE, E. & J.
DOOLIN, W.
FETHERSTONE, J. J.
FOGERTY, W.
GOGGIN, J.
GREENMOUNT SPIX.
NING CO.
HALL, H. E.
HUDSON, S.
JENNINGS, P.
JOHNSTON STILL Co.,
LIMITED
KERR, E.
PIM BROTHERS & Co.-
PLUNKETT, J., & Co. -
SMYTH & Co.
DUDLEY.
WRIGHT, P., & SONS
30, Summers Hill.
23, Mary Street.
32, Lower Leeson Street.
16, Bachelors' Walk.
23, Westland Row.
2, Coppinger's Row.
23, Harcourt Street.
74, Grafton Street.
Factory,
Greenmount
Harold's Cross.
44, Kingsland Park.
65, Dawson Street.
1, Belgrave Place, Bel-
grave Square, Rath-
mines.
Rye Vale Distillery,
Leixlip.
Terrace,
7, Merville
Gilford
Gilford Place, North
Strand.
22, William Street,
Portland Works, Port-
land Street West.
36 & 37, Lower Abbey
****Street.
Constitution Hill Works.
Ford, near Sunderland.
DYSART, FIFESHIRE (SCOTLAND).
NORMAND, J., & SONS Dysart.
EDINBURGH.
wwwwww.
AITCHISON, J.
BARTHOLOMEW, J.
CRAIG & ROSE
EDINBURGH WESTERN
TANNING, CURRYING,
& JAPANNING Co.,
LIMITED
HALL, T.
HENRY, A.
HUNTER, J., & SON
JENKINSON, A.
JOHNSTON, W. & A. K.
A.
LEWIS, J.
LOTH, DR. J. T.
MACKAY, J.
MILLAR, J., & Co.
MORTON, W., SCOTT,
& Co.
MUIR, JAMES, & SON
SMITH, T. & H., & Co.
WATERSTON, G.,& SON
EXETER.
HEMS, HARRY
23, Princes Street.
Chambers Street.
Caledonian Oil & Colour
Works.
135, Westport.
-8, George Street.
12, South Saint Andrew
Street.
Wood Hall Mills,
Juniper Green.
10, Princes Street.
4, St. Andrew Square.
177, Canongate.
18, Gilmore Place.
119, George Street.
2, South Saint Andrew
Street.
Art Furniture Works.
Calton Hill Brewery.
21, Duke Street.
56, Hanover Street.
69, Paris Street.

126
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
EYE (SUFFOLK).
GISSING, A. S., & SONS- Castle Street.
FECKENHAM (NEAR REDDITCH).
ENGLISH, J., & Co. - Feckenham. bus rent
FENTON (STAFFORDSHIRE).
GODALMING (SURREY).
DICKSON, J. H.
HALIFAX.
Rheea
Rod Fibre
Works.
EDWARDS, JOHN
King Street.
FORFAR (SCOTLAND)CLEVELA
LAIRD, W., & Co.
Canmore Linen Works.
FROME (SOMERSET).
FUSSELL, J., SONS,&Co. Frome.
SINGER, J. W., & SON
Frome.
SMITH, DAVID
SMITH, D., &
&
Co.,
GALWAY.
BEAUFORD & BRUCE
2, Nuns Island.
LIMITED
SMITH, F., & Co.
-
GATESHEAD-ON-TYNE (DURHAM).
CLAYTON, MARSDENS,
HOLDEN, & Co.,
LIMITED
CLIFF, J.
CROSSLEY & SONS,
LIMITED
FLEMING, T., & SON
LEWIS, J.
Wellington Mills.
5, Dungeon St., Halifax.
Deanclough Mills.
West Grove Mill.
India Buildings.
Liddal.
Kensington Works.
Caledonia Works.
HANLEY (STAFFORDSHIRE).
DUNSTON
ENGINE
POWELL & BISHOP
Hanley. LAAD
WORKS Co. -
Gateshead-on-Tyne..
HARWICH (ESSEX). SPOS
WOOD, J. W. -
Collector of H.M.
Customs.
GILFORD, DOWN (IRELAND).
DUNBAR, MCMASTER,
& Co.
Gilford.
GLASGOW (SCOTLAND).
AIR BURNING Co.,
LIMITED
BOYLE & SON, R.M.
BUCHANAN, J. -
118, Green Street.
100, Mitchell Street.
56 to 62, Dale Street,
Tradeston.
CLARK, J., JUN., & Co. 16, George Street, Mile
DAVIDSON, T., JUN., &
Co.
GLASGOW APOTHECA-
RIES Co.
JAAP, J.
KIMBALL & MORTON
MIRLEES, TAIT, &
WATSON
STEWART, MOIR,
MUIR
&
STORER, D., & SONS
-
TEMPLETON, J., & Co.-
TEMPLETON, J. & J. S.
THOMPSON
WHITE, J. & J.
End.
33 & 41 Garngad Hill.
80,
34, Virginia Street.
268, Buchanan Street.
Bishop
Anderston.
Street,
Scotland Street Iron-
works.
73, Mitchell Street.
Sydney Street.
William Street.
HITCHIN (HERTFORDSHIRE).
PERKS, S.
HUDDERSFIELD.
BRIGG, J. F., & Co.
BROOKE, E., & SONS
BROOK, J., & BROTHERS
INMAN BROTHERS
MILL HILL WOOL AND
RAG EXTRACTING
Co., LIMITED
SANDERSON & PROCTER
HULL.
CHAMBERS, T. F.
COOPER, G., & Co.
JOHNSON Bros.
High Street.
Huddersfield.
Field House.
Meltham Mills.
Aspley Place.

Mill Hill Works.
Shore Works.
51, High Street.
Elm Tree
Anlaly Road.
High Street.
House,
ISLE OF WIGHT.
CAMERON, MRS. J. M.-
Freshwater Bay, Isle of
Wight.
Parade,
HARRINGTON, J., & Co. Union Works, Ryde.
Crownpoint Road.
Glasgow.
HUDSON, F.
1,
Regent
Ventnor.
80, Wilson Street.
IPSWICH (SUFFOLK).
132, Irongate, Melville
Court.
RANSOMES, SIMS, &
HEAD
Orwell Works
WILSON, T. D., & Co. - 145, Ingram Street.
YUILLE, A.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS.
127
:..
IRONBRIDGE (SHROPSHIRE),
CRAVEN, DUNNILL, &
CO., LIMITED
Jackfield Works.
ROE, W. A.
JOHNSTONE (NEAR PAISLEY).
NEILSON, STORER, &
SMITH, J. W.
SONS
Thorn Mills.
KEIGHLEY (YORKSHIRE).
SMITH, J. & S.
Low Bridge Works.
KIDDERMINSTER.
HATTON, SONS, & Co.,
LATE THOMPSON,
HATTON, & Co.
TOMKINSON & ADAM
Broadwater Tin Plate
Works.
Kidderminster.
KIRKCALDY, FIFESHIRE (SCOTLAND).
NAIRN, M., & Co.
KINMOND & Co.
Kirkcaldy.
LEAMINGTON (WARWICKSHIRE).
Kenilworth Street.
MULLINER, H., & Co. - Leamington Spa.
LEEDS.
ANDREWS, H., & Co.
BIRCHALL, J. D., & Co.
CLOUGH, S. W.
FAIRBAIRN, KENNEDY,
& NAYLOR
GOODALL, BACKHOUSE,
& Co.
29, Albion Street.
Wellington and Burley
Mills.
Stanningley.
Leeds.
Boar Lane.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY Albion Works.
HANSON, W.
HARGREAVE & NUSSEYS
HEAP, J. K.
KING, WILLIAM
LAWSON, S., & SONS
LITTLE, T. W., & Co.-
MARSHALL & Co.
MAW, T.-
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN-
RICKARDS, C. A.
WILSON, WALKER, &
Co.
Great George Street,
Farnley Low Mills.
Folly Hall, Holbeck.
Gillroyd and
Mills, Morley.
Hope Foundry.
Monkbridge Mills.
Leeds.
Albert
Windsor Place, Bur-
mantofts.
Leeds.
Bell Busk Mills.
LEEK (STAFFORDSHIRE).
LEICESTER-cont.
HODGES, T. W., & SONS
MOTT & Co.
TURNER, A., & Co.
LEIGH (ESSEX).
LACEY, R. G.
Leicester.
18, Galltree Gate.
- 81, Humberstone Gate.
121, Belgrave Gate.
Bow Bridge Works,
Coast Guard Station.
The Distillery.
LEITH (SCOTLAND). ^ryoki ba
BERNARD & Co.
LINCOLN.
GREGORY, J.
SLINGSBY, R.
LIVERPOOL.
ADAIR & Co.
ANGUS, G., & Co.
AUDSLEY & BOWES
BowES,J.L., & BROTHER
HIGGIN, T., & Co.
INMAN STEAMSHIP CO.,
LIMITED
KAY & HILTON
LIVER ALKALI WORKS
LIVERPOOL
SPUN
OAKUM CO.
MUSPRATT, J., & SONS
MUSPRATT BROS. AND
HUNTLEY
NASH, H., & Co.
ROBERTS, WILLIAM
RUNCORN SOAP AND
South Park.
168, High Street.
Neptune Street.
10, Thomas Street.
11, Dale Street.
11, Dale Street.]
33, Tower
West.
Buildings
22, Water Street.
Bankhall Bridge.
Lightbody Street.
9, North John Street.
5, Chapel Street.
•
Ditto.
12 & 14,Tower Buildings
North, Water Street.
139, Derby Road, Bootle.
ALKALI CO.,LIMITED 6, Water Street.
SILICATE PAINT CO.,
THE-
SMITH, DILLWYN
WARRINGTON WIRE
24, Fenwick Street.
153, Duke Street.
ROPE WORKS, LIMITED 32, Redcross Street.
WILLIAMS & POWELL- 25, South Castle Street.
LLANELLY
\(CARMARTHENSHIRE,
SOUTH WALES).
HOLLAND, W. T.
Llanelly.
Sheepscar Works.
LONDON.
MILNER, W., & SONS
WARD, A., & Co.
Union Street.
Albion Mills.
Campbell Street.
Duke Street.
ADAMS, R.
ADAMS & Co.
ADAMS, W. M.
25, Falmouth Road,Great
Dover Street, S.E.
5, New Street, Bishops-
gate Street, E.C.
Arundel Club, Salisbury
Street, W.C.
LEICESTER.
EVANS & STAFFORD
GIMSON & COLTMAN
G COLTI

128
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
LONDON-cont.
AIRE
AND
CALDER
LASS BOTTLECO.(E.
BREFFIT, Proprietor) 83,Upper Thames-Street,
ALLEN, FREDERICK,
AND SONS
ALLEN & HANBURYS
ALLEN, F., & SONS
APPLEBY BROTHERS
ARTHUR, F.
ATKINSON, J. & E.
AUGENER, G., & Co.
BAILLIE & Co.
BAKER, W.
www.
BALL, J.
BARNARD, BRADLY
BEAU, A.
BECK, R. & J. -
BEDFORD, W..g
BENNETT, T., & SON
BESSON, F.
BEVIS, H. Miskien
BLACKWOOD, J., & Co.
BOOL, A. & J.
BOOSEY, & Co. -
BOWMAN, C.
BRADBURY,
AGNEW,
& Co.
BRIERLEY, SONS,
REYNOLDS
BRINSMEAD, J., & SONS
BRITISH AND FOREIGN
BLIND ASSOCIATION
BROWN, J. B., & Co.
BROWNE, H. J.
BRYANT & MAY
BULLIVANT, T.
BUSSE, G., & Co.
E.C.
Canal Road, Mile End
Road.
Plough Court, Lombard
Street, E.C.
Canal Road, Mile End
Road, E.
Emerson Street, South-
wark, S.E.
18, Motcomb Street, W.
24, Old Bond Street, W.
86, Newgate Street, E.C.
118, Wardour Street.
96, Pembroke Street,
Bingfield Street, Cale-
donian Road, N.
12, Duke Street, Gros-
venor Square, W.
107, St. Paul's Road,
Highbury, N.
283, Regent Street, W.
31, Cornhill, E.C.
236, Camden Road, N.W.
70, 71, Turnmill Street,
Farringdon Road, E.C.
198, Euston Road, N.
140, Pentonville Road, N.
18, Bread Street Hill,E.C.
86, Warwick
Street,
Pimlico, S.W.
295, Regent Street.
6,King Street, Tower Hill,
E.C.
Bouverie Street.
81A, Edgware Road. W.
18, Wigmore Street, W.
33, Cambridge Square,
Hyde Park, W.
90, Cannon Street, E.C.
237, 239, Euston Road,
N.W.
Fairfield Works, Bow, E.
104, Ledbury Road, Bays-
water, W.
8, South Street, Finsbury,
E.C.
LONDON-cont.
BUSSEY, G. G., & Co.- Museum Works, Rye
Lane, Peckham, S.E.
CASSELL, PETTER, &
GALPIN
La Belle Sauvage Yard,
Ludgate Hill, E.C.
CHAPMAN, E., & Co. - 10, Duke Street, Portland
CHATWOOD, SAMUEL
CLARK, L., STANSFIELD,
& Co.
CLARKE & DUNHAM
CLAXTON, R.
CLAY, R.
Codd, H.
COHNE, S.
COLLINSON & LOCK
COOPER & Co.
COOPER & HOLT
Place, W.
120, Cannon Street.
6, Westminster Cham-
bers, Victoria Street,
S.W.
69, Mark Lane, E.C.
65, Myddelton Street,
Clerkenwell, E.C.
58, Finborough Road,
South Kensington,
S.W.
50, Grove Lane, Cam-
berwell.
13, Sise Lane, E.C.
109, Fleet Street, E.C.
5, Shoe Lane, Fleet Street,
E.C.
48, 49, 50, Bunhill Row,
E.C.
CORCORAN, WITT,& Co. 28, Market Buildings,
CORTICINE
FOOR
COVERING Co.
Cox & SONS
CROSSE & BLACKWELL
CROUCH, H.
CROWN
Co. -
CULMER, W., & SONS-
DALLAS, D. C.
PERFUMERY
DALLMEYER, J. H.
DANIEL, A. B., & SON
DASHWOOD, C. W.
DAY & SON
DEBENHAM & FREE-
BODY
DE MORINI, C.
DEL RIEGO, M.
Mark Lane, E.C.
115, Queen Victoria
Street, E.C.
28, 29, 31, Southampton
Street, Strand, W.C.
Soho Square, W.
66, Barbican, E.C.
40, Strand, W.C.
Hornsey Road, N.
362, Gray's Inn Road,
W.C.
19, Bloomsbury Street,
W.C.
46, Wigmore Street, W.
1, St. Clement's Church-
yard, Strand, W.C.
47, C
47, Charing Cross, S.W.
27, 29, 31, Wigmore
Street, W.
170,Great Portland Place,
W.
284, Regent Street, W.
t

AISIBZA IZROITAZIUTRE AITAJOATE
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS.
B.
129
LONDON-cont.
DENT, M. F.
DICKES, W.
33, Cockspur Street,
Charing Cross, S.W.
Farringdon Road, E.C.
DICKINSON & HIGHAM 73, Farringdon Street,
DIXON, F.
DOUGALL, J. D.
E.C.
20, Charterhouse Square,
E.C.
59, St. James' Street,
S.W.
DOULTON, H., & Co. - 63, High Street, Lambeth,
Lambeth Pottery, Lam-
beth, S.E.
S.E.
DOULTON & Co.
48, High Street, Lambeth,
S.E.
DOULTON & WATTS
DOWSON,
SUTHER-
LAND,& CO., LIMITED
DUDGEON, A.
Co.,
EASTWOOD&
LIMITED
EDWARDS, G. -
ELEY BROTHERS, LIMI-
TED
ELRICK, C. G.
12, Fetter Lane, E.C.
22, Great George Street,
Westminster, S.W.
Wellington Wharf, Bel-
vedere Road, Lambeth,
S.E.
149, Brompton Road,
S.W.
254, Gray's Inn Road,
W.C.
8, Aldermanbury Postern,
E.C.
ENGERT, A. C., & Co. - 75, City Road, E.C.
ENGERT & ROLFE
ENGLAND, W.
ETZENSBERGER, R.
EVANS, LESCHER, &
EVANS
FARMER & ROGERS
FEETHAM, M., & Co.
FESTA, G. P. -
FIELD, J. C. & J.
FIRMIN & SONS, LIMI-
TED -
FISHER, N., & SONS
FRADELLE & MAR-
SHALL
Barchester Street, Poplar
New Town, E.
7, St. James Square,
Notting Hill, W.
Midland Hotel, St. Pan-
cras.
60, Bartholomew Close,
E.C.
171, 175, Regent Street.
9, Clifford Street, W.
13, Charles Street,
Grosvenor Square, W.
Lambeth Marsh, S.E.
153, Strand, W.C.
31, Marge Pond, South-
wark, S.E.
230, 246, Regent Street,
W.
LONDON-cont.
FRANCATI & SANTA-
MARIA
FRANCIS & Co.
FRODSHAM, C., & Co.
FRY, J. S., & SONS
GARDNER, J., & SONS
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
THE UNITED
(A. C.
LL.D.,
Director
OF
KINGDOM
RAMSEY,
F.R.S.,
General)
GERRARD, A. W..
GEYELIN & Co.
GIBBS & MOORE
GIBBS, J., & Co.
GILL, J. HUN
GOODALL, C., & SON
GRAPHIC," THE PRO-
PRIETORS OF THE
GRAYS CHALK QUAR-
RIES CO., LIMITED
GREEN, J.
65, Hatton Garden, E.C.
Bridge Foot, Vauxhall,
S.E.**
84, Strand, W.C.d
252, City Road, E.C.
453, Strand.
28, Jermyn Street, S.W.
153, Liverpool Road, N.
Belgrave House, Argyle
Square, W.C.
89, Southampton Row,
W.C.
16, Mark Lane, E.C.
66, Regent Street, Lam-
beth, S.E.
24, Great College Street,
Camden Town, N.W.
190, Strand, W.C.
90, Lower Thames Street,
E.C.
12, Graham Terrace, Rid-
ley Road, Kingsland, E.
GREEN, J., & NEPHEW 107,Queen VictoriaStreet,
GREGORY & Co.
GÜMPEL, C. G.
GWYNNE, J. & H.
GWYNNE & Co.
HAIGH, EDWard M.
HANDYSIDES STEEP
GRADIENT
LIMITED
Co.,
Lot
HART, SON, PEARD,
& Co.
E.C.
212, 214, Regent Street,
W.
49, Leicester Square,
Hammersmith, W.
Essex Street Works
W.C. ORVIET
203, Regent Street, W.
9, Victoria Chambers,
Victoria Street, S.W.
Wych Street, Strand,
W.C.
HAYES,CROSSLEY,&Co. 153, Cheapside, E.C.
HAYNES, T., & SONS -
HEATH, VERNON
HEATON, BUTLER, &
BAYNE
229, Edgware Road, W.
43, Piccadilly, W.
14, Garrick Street, W.C.
36714.
I

130
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
LONDON-cont.
HENDERSON, A. L.
-
HETLEY, J., & Co.
HICKISSON, M.A., MRS.
HICKS, J. J.-
HIERONIMUS, W.
HILDITCH, G. & J. B.
HILL & CLARK
HITCHCOCK, WILLIAMS,
& Co.
HOARE, J.
HOE, R., & SONS
49, King William Street,
E.C.
35, Soho Square, W.
75, Southgate Road, N.
8, Hatton Garden, E.C.
53, City Road, E.C.
11 and 12, Cheapside,
E.C.
6, Westminster Cham-
bers, Victoria Street,
S.W.
St. Paul's Churchyard,
E.C.
39, Bloomsbury Street,
W.C.
44,Leadenhall Street,E.C.
HOLDSWORTH, E. W. H. 12, Clifton Road, St.
HOLLICK & Co.
HOLMES, PAYTON, &
TAYLOR
HOOKER, J.
HOOPER & Co.
HOOPER, C., JUN.
John's Wood, N.W.
Greenwich, S.E.
43,Borough Road, South-
wark, S.E.
104,UpperThames Street,
E.C.
113, Victoria Street, S.W.
6, 7, 8, New Weston
Street,
S.E.
Bermondsey,
HOOPER, C. W., & SONS 51, Weston Street, Ber-
HOWARD & SONS
HUMBERT, H.
"ILLUSTRATED LONDON
NEWS"
INDIA RUBBER, GUTTA
PERCHA, AND Tele-
GRAPH WORKS COM-
PANY, LIMITED
JEFFERY, J.
JEFFREY & Co.
JEFFREYS, C. L
JENNINGS, G.
JOHNSON, E.
JOHNSON, J., & Co.
JOHNSON, J. M.,&SONS,
LIMITED
mondsey.
25, Berners Street, W.
30, Barbican, E.C.
198, Strand, W.C.
100, Cannon Street, E.C.
14, Tottenham Court
Road, W. aband
64, Essex Road, Isling-
ton, N. 7 00
103, Hatton Garden,
E.C.
Palace Wharf, Stangate,
S.E.
3, Castle Street, Holborn,
W.C.
Charterhouse
E.C.
Works,
3, Castle Street, Holborn,
W.C.
LONDON-cont.
JOHNSON,
& Co.
MATTHEY,
78, Hatton Garden, E.C.
JONES, PALMER, & Co. Eastern Works, Taber-
nacle Walk, Finsbury,
E.C.
KEEN,ROBINSON, BELL-
VILLE, & Co.
KEITH & Co.
KENT, GEORGE
KENT, G. B., & Co.
KILNER BROTHERS
KIMBERLEY, N. G.
KIMPTON, T.
KINGSBURY, T.
KIRBY, BEARD, & Co.
KNIGHT, MARY, MISS
KULLBERG, V.
LA FARGUE, P.
LANCASTER, A.
LANCASTER, C. W.
LANG, J., & SONS
LANG, J. & J.-
LAPWORTH BROTHERS
LAVERS, A. H.
LAWRENCE & Co.
LEDGER, H., & Co.
LEE, DR. R. J.
LEIGHTON, J. -
LEMERE, B.
LILLY, J., & Co.
-
6, Garlick Hill, Cannon
Street, E.C.
6, Denmark Street, Soho,
W.C.
200, High Holborn, W.
11, Gt. Marlborough
Street, W.
Great Northern Goods
Station, King's Cross,
N.
11, Great St. Helen's,
E.C.
2 & 3, Barnard's Inn,
Holborn, W.C.
9, New Bond Street, W.
18, Cannon Street, E.C.
1, Anderson Street, Chel-
sea, S.W.
105, Liverpool Road,
Islington, N.
27, South Hill Park,
Hampstead, N.W,
27, South Audley Street.
W.
151, New Bond Street,
W.
22,Cockspur Street, S.W.
13, Charterhouse Build-
ings, Aldersgate Street,
E.C.
22, Old Bond Street, W.
Nine Elms, S.W.
22, St. Mary Axe, E.C.
61, 63, Lant Street, Bo-
rough, S.E.
4, Savile Row, W.
12, Ormonde Terrace,
Regent's Park, N.W.
147, Strand, W.C.
172, St. John Street,
Clerkenwell, E.C.
LINCOLN, BENNETT, & 05
Co. - 7. bagre
LLOYD, T., & SONS
LOBB, J.
LOCKWOOD, CROSBY,
& Co.
40, Piccadilly, W.
327, Old Street, Shore-
ditch, E.
296, Regent Street, W.

7, Stationers' Hall Court,
Ludgate Hill, E.C.

Vita 2013 Tab ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS.
131
LONDON-cont.
LONDON STEREOSCOPIC
AND PHOTOGRAPHIC
Co.
Low, SON, & HAYDON
LYNCH & Co.
LYON, W.
MACDERMOTT, M.
MACINTOSH, J.
MACKENZIE, D., care of
W. SMITH
LONDON-cont.
Moy, T.
108 & 110, Regent
Street, W.
MURRAY, A.
NEAL, J.
148 & 330, Strand, W.C.
171A, Aldersgate Street
E.C.
1, Cowper's Court, Corn-
hill, E.C.
Scott's Chambers, 25, 26,
Pudding Lane, E.C.
38, Langham Street, W.
19, Salisbury Street,
Strand, W.C.
MANSELL, W. A., & Co. 2, Percy Street, W.
MARRIOTT, MRS.
MARSHALL, T. J., & Co. Campbell Works, Gillet
MARTIN, C.
MARTIN, R.
MARTIN, W. H.
NEAL, J., & Co.
NEEDHAM & Co.
NEEDHAM & KITE
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA -
NEIGHBOUR,G., & SONS
NICHOLL, S. J.
37, Farringdon Street,
E.C.
67, Bedford gardens,
Kensington, W.
44, 46, 48,Edgware Road,
W.
22, 23, 24, Hampden
Gurney Street, Portman
Square, W.
53, Piccadilly, W.
Phoenix
Ironworks,
Vauxhall, S.E.
Holborn Viaduct.
et. W.
149, Regent Street, W.
1, Caversham Road,
Kentish Town, N.W.
NICOLE, NEILSON,& Co. 14, Soho Square, W.
15, Oldfield Road, Stoke
Newington.
NICOLL, D.
NORRIS & Co. -
NORTON & SHAW
OAKEY, J., & SONS
Street, Kingsland, N.
73, 74, King William
Street, E.C.
The Village, Old Charl-
ton, S.E.
64, 65, Burlington Ar-
cade, Piccadilly, W.
MATTHEWS, E., & SON - 377, Oxford Street, W.
MATTHEWS, J.
43, Gibson Street, Water-
loo Road, Lambeth,
S.E.
MCGRATH, J.
MAYER & MELTZER
MELLIN, G.
MENIER, E.
MERCER, T.
MIDDLETON, T. J.
MONCKTON, E. H. C.,
care of COUTTS & Co.
MORGAN, GEORGE
MORLEY, I. & R.
MORSON, T., & SON
MORTON, G.
6a, White Lion Street,
Chelsea.
71,Great Portland Street,
W.
16, Tichborne Street, Re-
gent Street, W.
Southwark Street, Bo-
rough, S.E.
161, Goswell Road, E.C.
38, Little Queen Street,
High Holborn, W.C.
Strand.nathan
144, Finborough Road,
West Brompton.
18, Wood Street, Cheap-
side, E.C.
31, 33, & 124, South-
ampton Row, Russell
Square, W.C.
31, Hanover Street, Is-
lington, N.
ORTNER & HOULE
PALMER, S.
PATENT PLUMBAGO
CRUCIBLE Co.
PATENT SELENITIC CE-
MENT CO., LIMITED -
15, Clement's Inn, W.C.
124,Wood Street, Cheap-
side, E.C.
Garrick Street, W.C.
Wellington
Westminster
Road, S.E.
Works,
Bridge
3, St. James Street, W.
Park House, Grove Street,
South Hackney, E.
Battersea Works, S.W.
21, Millbank Street,
Westminster, S.W.
PATRICK, H. W., & SON 29, Percy Street, Tot-
PEARS, A. & F.
tenham Court Road,
W.C.
91, Great Russell Street,
W.C.
Ngh.477
Square, Gray's Inn
Road, W.C.
PERKINS, A. M., & SON Seaford Street, Regent's
PETERS, T., & SONS
PHOSPHOR
BRONZE
Co., LIMITED
PIGOU, WILKS, & LAU-
RENCE, LIMITED
POLLOCK, SYDNEY
POOLE, J., & Co.
POWELL, T.
53, Park Street, Grosve-
nor Square, W.
139, Cannon Street, E.C.
11, Queen Victoria Street,
E.C.
42, Lancaster Road,
Notting Hill.
33,
Spencer Street,
Clerkenwell, E.C.
81, High Street, Maryle-
bone, N.W.
I 2
132
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
LONDON-cont.
LONDON-cont.
POWELL & SONS
PRATT, J.
Whitefriars, E.C.
227, Oxford Street, W.
SEATON, W.
PRICE'SPATENTCANDLE
Belmont Works, Batter-
sea, S.W.
SEWILL, J.
SHAW, W.
SHEARER, H..
Co.
PRICE & Co.
PUCKRIDGE & NE-
PHEW
36, Great Russell Street,
W.C.
530,534,Kingsland Road,
19, Salisbury Street,
Strand, W.C.
20, Cornhill, E.C.
3, Sheldon Street, Bays-
water.
21, Great George Street,
Westminster.
SHEARER, SMITH, & Co. 21, Great George Street,
SHELDON & FENTON
E.
PULLMAN, R. & J.
17, Greek Street, Soho,
W.
PULVERMACHER, J. L. 194, Regent Street, W.
314, Oxford Street, W.
49, Fleet Street, E.C.
83,84, Farringdon Street,
E.C.
SHOOLBRED & Co.
SIEBE & GORMAN
SIEMENS BROTHERS
PURDEY, J.
QUICK, W. M. R.
RAMSEY, W.
RAVENSTEIN, E. G.
10, Lorn Road, Brixton,
S.E.
SKELTON & Co.
REILLY, E. M., & Co. - 502, New Oxford Street,
REIN, F. C., MRS.
REIN, F. C., & SON
REYNOLDS, J. G.
RIGBY, J., & Co.
RIMMEL, E.
ROBINSON, V., & Co.
ROLA, V.
* Ross & Co.
ROWNEY, G., & Co.
ROYAL SCHOOL OF ART
NEEDLEWORK
RUNDELL, J. B.
SAGE, FREDK. -
SANGSTER & Co.
SANSON, R. B.
SAXBY &
SAXBY & FARMER
SCHILDBERG, H., & Co.
SCHRIEBER, F. A.
SCIENCE AND ART DE-
PARTMENT.
SCOTT, R. J.
W.
108, Strand, W.C.
108, Strand, W.C.
9, Old Ford Road, E.
72, St. James' Street,
S.W.
96, Strand, W.C.
38, Welbeck Street, Ca-
vendish Square, W.
22, Leinster Square,
Bayswater, W.
7, Wigmore Street, Ca-
vendish Square, W.
52, Rathbone Place, W.
Exhibition Road, S.W.
South Kensington Mu-
seum, S.W.
80 to 81, Gray's Inn Road.
140, Regent Street, W.
87, Globe Road, Mile
End Road, E.
Canterbury Road, Kil-
burn, N.W.
26, Moorgate Street, E.C.
17, Thavies Inn, E.C.
South Kensington Mu-
seum, P. CUNLIFFE
OWEN,C.B.,DIrector.
8, Whitefriars Street,
Fleet Street, E.C.
SIEMENS, C. W.
SLOPER, J.
SMARTT, W.
SMITH, G.
SMITH, G. J.
SPILL, DANIEL
STAR PLATE AND UNI-
VERSAL POLISHING
COMPANY
STEVENS, T.
STIFF, J., & SONS
STORER, J.
STEPHENS, H. C.
SUGG, W.
SUNDAY SCHOOL UNION
SWAINE & A DENEY
SWAINSON. BIRLEY, &
Co. -
SWIFT, J.
SYKES, JOSEPHINE, &Co.
TAPLING, THOS., & Co.
S.W.
12, King Street, Cheap-
side, E.C.
Tottenham Court Road,
W.
17, Mason Street, S.W.
12, Queen Anne's Gate,
S.W.
12, Queen Anne's Gate,
S.W.
37, Essex Street, Strand,
W.C.
6, King William St., E.C.
Queen's Road, Buckhurst
Hill, N.
57, Victoria Park Road,
South Hackney, N.
The Terrace, Church
Road, Upper Norwood,
S.E.
124, High St., Homerton,

6, Gracechurch St., E.C.
20, Warwick Lane, E.C.
High Street, Lambeth,
S.E..
Stamford Brook, Ham-
mersmith, W.
171, Aldersgate Street,
E.C.
Vincent Works, Vincent
Street,
S.W.
Westminster,
56, Old Bailey,
E.C.
185, Piccadilly, W.
42, Cheapside, E.C.
43,
University Street,
Tottenham Court Road,
W..C.
280, Regent Street, W.
1 to 8, Gresham Street,
West, E.C.


HP/ ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS.
133
LONDON-cont.
TELEGRAPH CONSTRUC-
TION & MAINTE-
NANCE CO., LIMITED 38, Old Broad Street,
LONDON.-cont.
WIER, M. A., & Co. - 6, Kirby Street, Hatton
E.C.
WIER, M. A.
WILLIAMS, B. S.
THERMO
GENERATOR
ELECTRIC
Co.,
LIMITED
27, New Street, Cloth
Fair, E.C.
WILLIAMS, R. P.
THIELLAY, E. H.
Charing
Cross Hotel,
THOMPSON, C.
THOMSON, W. S., & SONS
TOMLINE, COLONEL
TINWORTH, G.
TRESS & Co.
S.W.
33, Newington Butts,
S.E.
97, Cheapside, E.C.
Carlton Terrace, S.W.
122,HillStreet, Walworth,
S.E.
33, Stamford Street, S.E.
TULL, GLANVILL, & Co. Crown Works, Roupell-
Street, Lambeth, S.E.
Turner, C., & SON - 7, Broad Street, Blooms-
TURNER, G., & Co.
TURTLE & PEARCE
TYPOGRAPHIC ETCHING
Co.
VAN VOLEN, G.
VEITCH, J., & SONS
WALTER, J., M.P.
WARD & Co.
bury, W.C.
94, Gracechurch Street,
E.C.
11, Duke Street, E.C.
23, Farringdon Street,
E.C.
50, 52, Waterloo Road,
Lambeth, S.E.
Royal Nursery, King's
Road, Chelsea, S.W.
"Times" Office, Printing
House Square, E.C.
158, Piccadilly, W.
WARD, MARCUs, & Co. 67 & 68, Chandos Street,
WARD & HUGHES
WATSON & Co., of Bom-
bay, care of Watson, J.,
& Son
WARNER, R.
WEBSTER, H.
WELCH, A.
WELCH, MARGETSON,
& Co.
WHEELER, E. -
WHITTAKER, R.
Strand, W.C.
67, Frith Street, W.
Moorgate Street Cham-
bers, E.C.
8, Crescent, Cripplegate,
E.C.
Street,
22, Litchfield
Soho, W.C.TEL MYK
11, Bank Buildings,
Metropolitan Cattle
Market, E.C.
16 & 17, Cheapside, E.C.
48, Tollington Road, Hol-
loway, N.
Great Sutton Street
Clerkenwell, E.C.
WILSON, N., & Co.
WINDOVER, C. S.
WOULDHAM
Co. -
A.
CEMENT
Garden, E.C.
33, Abchurch Lane, E.C
Victoria and Paradise
Nurseries, Upper Hol-
loway, N.
9, Great George Street,
Westminster, S.W.
144, High Holborn, W.C
32 & 33, Long Acre,
W.C.
10A, King's Arms Yard,
Moorgate Street, E.C.
WRIGHT & MANSFIELD 104, New Bond Street,
WYNDHAM, F., & Co.
WYON, J. S. & A. B. ·
YORK, F.
ZIMDARS, C. E.
ZOBEL, C. F. I.
W.
37, Eastcheap, E.C.
287, Regent Street, W.
87,
Road,
Lancaster
Notting Hill, W.
Red Lion Square, W.
139, Euston Road, N.W.

LYTHAM (LANCASHIRE).
HEDGES, D.
MAIDSTONE (KENT).
GRANT, T.
MANCHESTER.
BARLOW & JONES,
LIMITED
BAUM, F.
BUCKLEY, J., & Co.
7, Queen Street.
Distillery.
2, Portland Street.
St. Ann's Square.
Moorcroft Mills, Delph,
near Manchester.
BUCKLEY, J. E. & G. F. Linfitts Mill, Delph, near
ELLIS, W. J.
Manchester.
66, Murray Street, Higher
Broughton.
FLETCHER, R., & SON Paper Works, Stone-
GALLOWAY, W. & J.,
& SONS
HAWKINS, J., & SONS
JOHNSON, J., & FILDES
LYONS, W.
MASSEY, B. & S. Chi
PEARSON, T., & SON
ROBERTS, J.
SANDS BROTHERS & Co.
SCHWABE, SALIS, & Co.
SIMPSON & KING
SPENCE, P.
clough.
Knott Mill Ironworks.
8, Faulkner Street.
44, Spring Gardens.
Park Street.
Openshaw.
54, Church Street.
10, Cavendish Street,
Stretford Road.
Salford Chemical Works.
41, George Street.
7, York Street.
Pendleton Works, Old-
ham Road, Man-
chester.

134
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
MANCHESTER cont.
UNIVERSAL CHARCOAL
AND SEWAGE Co.,
LIMITED HA
NUNEATON (WARWICKSHIRE) COONGI
STANLEY BROTHERS
Midland Tile Works.
5, High Street.
NUNS ISLAND (GALWAY, IRELAND).
MERTHYR TYDFIL.
CRAWSHAY, ROBERT
Cyfartha Castle.
MERTON (SURREY).
WELDON, W.-
Abbey Lodge.
HEAP, J.,
MORLEY (NEAR LEEDS).
BEAUFORD & BRUCE 2, Nuns Island.
OLDHAM (LANCASHIRE).
J., & Co.,
LIMITED
PLATT BROTHERS &
KING, W.
Gillroyd and Albert Mills.
Co., LIMITED
Lee Street.
Hartford Works.
NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.
NEWCASTLE CHEMICAL
WORKS CO., LIMITED Newcastle-on-Tyne.
NEW MALDEN, SURREY.
PAISLEY (SCOTLAND).
COATS, J. & P.
Ferguslie Thread Works,
Paisley.
WHITE, W.
NEWRY (IRELAND).
Albert Villa.
PERRAN-AR-WORTHAL (CORNWALL).
LOVEY, E.
Ponsnooth.
NEWARK-UPON-TRENT.
CAMPBELL, HUGH, & SON Newry Granite Polishing
RICHARDSON, EARP, & ADICA ja
Works, Moor Quarries.
PERTH (SCOTLAND),
MONCRIEFF, J.
North British Glass
Works.
SLATER
Trent and
and Northgate
Brewery.
PETERBOROUGH (NORTHAMPTON-
NEWTOWN (MONTGOMERYSHIRE,
NORTH WALES).
JONES, PRYCE
Newtown.
SHIRE).
TURNER, R. P.
7, Market Place.
NORMANTON (YORKSHIRE).
HEAPS & WHEATLEY
NORTHAMPTON.
BirdSALL & SONS
Brotherton,
Northampton.
NORTHWICH (CHESHIRE).
BRUNNER, MOND, & Co. Winnington.
NORWICH. thus
Barnard, Bishop, &
BARNARDS,
FRENCH & Co.
Marrison, R. D
THORN, C.
NOTTINGHAM.
HAYWOOD, J. S.
HEYMANN &
ANDER
ALEX-
JACOBY, M., & Co.
LINDLEY, R. C.
PATCHITT, E. C.
SIMON, MAY, & Co.
Norfolk Ironworks.
St. Mary's Mills.
Great Orford Street.
St. Giles Gate.
Castle Gate.
Stoney Street.
Broadway.
Mansfield.
Ilkeston Road.
Weekday Cross.
PETERHEAD, ABERDEENSHIRE
(SCOTLAND).
GREAT NORTH OF
Peterhead.
SCOTLAND GRANITE
Co., LIMITED
PLYMOUTH (DEVONSHIRE), 14
GREENWAY, H.
Ham Street.
PORT MADOC (NORTH WALES).
CWMORTHIN SLATE
Co., LIMITED
Port Madoc.
Edward Street.
PRESTON (LANCASHIRE).
12, Grayston Street,
Fishwick.
BOOTH, H., & Co.
FISH, J. & G. ⠀
PRESCOT (LANCASHIRE).
READING (BERKSHIRE).
SOPER, W.
23, Friar Street.
:

HUMALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS.
135
REDDITCH (WORCESTERSHIRE).
EVANS, D.
Studley.
HEATH, W.
MILWARD, H., & SONS
Neveu Works, Crabb's
Cross.
Redditch.
SHEFFIELD-cont. A6.370
BROWN, J., & Co.,
LIMITED
BURNAND, J., & Co. -
Atlas Works.
Leicester Works, Lei-
cester St., Sheffield.
SMITH, J., & SON
TURNER, R., & Co.
Astwood Bank,
Redditch.
Old Factory.
near
CAMMELL, C., & Co.,
LIMITED
Cyclops Works.
HARDY PATENT PICK
Co.
DIAMOTE -
Mining
Tool Works,
Ecclesall-road.
Easemore Works.
WOODFIELD, W., &
SONS
ROCHDALE.
COLLIER, L.
NICHOLSON, H.
ROCHESTER (KENT).
AVELING & PORTER
Wellington Works, River
Street.
Kilner Deyne Terrace.
Rochester.
RUGBY (WARWICKSHIRE).
DEAN, H.
Southam.
RUNCORN (CHESHIRE).
CLIFF, J.
Runcorn.
SALFORD (NEAR MANCHESTER).
BOULINIKON FLOOR-
CLOTH MANUFACTUR-
ING CO., LIMITED
GADD, T.
Worsley Street.
Salford.
NJABI ANAY
SANDBACH (CHESHIRE).
HAWKSWORTH (WIL-
SON), ELLISON, & Co. Carlisle Works.
JESSOP, W., & SONS,
LIMITED
NEEDHAM, J.
STEEL & GARLAND
STEPHENSON, BLAKE, &
Co. -
WARD & PAYNE
WILKINSON, W.,
SONS
WOSTENHOLM & SON,
LIMITED
Park and Brightside
Works.
69, Arundel Street.
Wharncliffe Works.
199, Allan St., Sheffield.
West Street.
& CONSE
Spring Works, Grimes-
thorpe.
Washington Works.
SHIPNAL (SHROPSHIRE).

·
EDGE & SONS-TRAD- Coalport Works. OF QIZ
SKIPTON (YORKSHIRE).
DEWHURST, J., & SONS Belle Vue Mills.
SOUDLEY NEWNHAM.
THE GREAT WESTERN
IRON CO., LIMITED
SOUTHAMPTON.
ORDNANCE
SURVEY
Soudley Newnham.⠀
RICHARDS, KEARNE, &
GASQUOINE
Sandbach.IMIA TV
OFFICE (Major-Gene-
ral Cameron, R.E.,
SELSEY, NEAR CHICHESTER (SUSSEX).
C.B., Director).
PULLINGER, C.
Selsey.
TURNER, CHARLES
3, Bugle Street. rid
SHAW, NEAR OLDHAM (LANCASHIRE).
WILD, J.
SHEFFIELD.
TAYL
ADAMS, J.O
Addis, J. B., & SONS-
BAINBRIDGE, E. 50/
BROOKS & COOPER
BROOKES & CROOKES
Greenfield Mill.
Victoria Park. ****
Arctic Works.
Nunnery Colliery Offices.
Mousehole Forge.
Works,
Atlantic
Philip's-road.
STAFFORDSHIRE POTTERIES, ARENY
BROWN, T. C., WEST-UOE) ABERAWA
HEAD,Moore, & Co. Cauldon Place. Mai
ST. AUSTELL (CORNWALL)'
DUNN, R., & Co. dr. Oak Villa.
ST. HELEN'S (LANCASHIRE).
St.
GREENBANK
Co., LIMITED
ALKALI
St.
Works.
Helen's
Alkali

A
136
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
STIRLING (SCOTLAND).
GARDNER, P.
Dunmore Pottery, Stir-
ling, Scotland.
ST. LEONARDS-ON-SEA (SUSSEX).
GODBOLD, H. J.
STOCKPORT (CHESHIRE).
ANDREW, J. E. H.
STOCKTON-ON-TEES (DURHAM).
PICKERING, J.
8, Grand Parade.
Waterloo Road.
WHITWELL, THOMAS
STOKE-ON-TRENT.
THIRSK (YORKSHIRE).«00% 22-YUSHEN
BAXTER, R.
St. James' Green.
THORNTON (NEAR BRADFORD).
INGHAM, J., & SON
Croft
Head WTIHA
Globe Works.
Thornaby Iron Works.
TORQUAY (DEVONSHIRE).
TERRA
WATCOMBE
COTTA CO., LIMITED St. Mary's Church, Tor-
hi quay.
TROWBRIDGE (WILTS).
CAMPBELL BRICK AND
TILE CO.
Stoke-on-Trent.
MINTON, HOLLINS, &
Co.
Stoke-on-Trent.
MINTON'S
CHINA
WORKS
Stoke-on-Trent.
STOKE PRIOR (WORCESTERSHIRE).
SALTER, S., & Co.
Home Mills..
TUCKINGMILL (CORNWALL).
BICKFORD, SMITH, & Co. Tuckingmill.
TUNBRIDGE WELLS (KENT).
NORMAN, CARL
Graphic Villa.
ROBINSON & CHERRILL The New Public Build-
ings.
TUNSTALL (STAFFORDSHIRE).
CORBETT, J., M.P.
Stoke Prior Salt Works.
STONEHOUSE (GLOUCESTERSHIRE).
BROWNHILLS POTTERY
DAVIES, R. S., & SONS
HOOPER, C., & Co.
Stonehouse Mills.
Eastington Mills.
Co.
PEAKE, T.
Tunstall.
The Tileries.
STOURBRIDGE (WORCESTERSHIRE),
HARPER & MOORES
Stourbridge.
HARRISON, G. K.
KING BROTHERS
The Lye and Brettel
Works.
Stourbridge.
STOURPORT.
BALDWIN, E. P. & W. Wilden Works.
STROUD (GLOUCESTERSHIRE).
BUBB & Co.
Southfield Mills.
MARLING & Co. - Ebley and Stanley Mills.
SUNDERLAND (DURHAM).
FORD WORKS Co.,
LIMITED
THOMAS ROUTLEDGE
Ford.
Ford.
TWICKENHAM (MIDDLESEX).
VANSITTART, H., MRS. 2, Montpelier Row.
WAKEFIELD.
HURD, F., & Co.
E. GREEN & Co.

Wood Street.
Economiser Works.
WALSALL (STAFFORDSHIRE).
HAWKINS BROS., LATE
HALE, J., & Co.
Hatherton Works.
WALTHAM CROSS (HERTFORDSHIRE).
PAUL, W.
Waltham Cross.
WAREHAM (DORSET).
PIKE, W. J.
Wareham.
SWANSEA (SOUTH WALES).
MOREWOOD, E., & Co.
PENROSE & RICHARDS
SWANSEA TIN PLATE
Coleridge House.
Swansea.
Co. -
Tin Plate Works.
TAIBACH (GLAMORGANSHIRE). AN
GOVERNOR AND COM-
PANY
OF COPPER
MINERS IN ENGLAND Cwm Avon Works.
WARRINGTON (LANCASHIRE).
GREENING, N., & SONS Warrington.
HOUGHTON, W. D.
Friars' Green Mill.
WEST BROMWICH (STAFFORDSHIRE).
HAMBLET, J.
WOOD & IVERY
Piercy Works.
Albion Brick Works.
WEMYSS BAY (SCOTLAND).
YOUNG, J.
Kelly.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOWNS.
137
WESTON-SUPER-MARE (SOMERSET-
WOKING.
SHIRE).
WATERER, A. -
Knap Hill Nursery.
MATTHEWS, J.
Royal Pottery.
WOODSTOCK (OXFORDSHIRE).
BRYAN, C.
MUNROE, W.
LIMITED
Co.
WHITBY (YORKSHIRE).
WICK, CAITHNESS (SCOTLAND).
WIDNES (LANCASHIRE).
DESOTO ALKALI CO.,
GASKELL, DEACON, &
HUTCHINSON, J., & Co. Widnes.
WIGAN (LANCASHIRE).
ROBY, G.
WIGAN COAL AND IRON
DAGGETT, C.
Woodstock.
West Cliff.
WOOLWICH (KENT).
High Street.
WETHERED,
E. R.,
MAJOR, R.A.
Woolwich.
WORCESTER.
Widnes.
Widnes.
LEA & PERRINS
Worcester.
MCNAUGHT & SMITH
Worcester.
WEBB, E., & SONS
Copenhagen Street.
31, King Street.
CO., LIMITED
WILLIAMS, M.
SAINTY, J. & B.
Wigan.
Britannia VarnishWorks.
WISBEACH (CAMBRIDGESHIRE).
Alpha Machine Works.
STEVENS, T.
WORKINGTON (CUMBERLAND).
WEST CUMBERLAND
IRON & STEEL Co.,
LIMITED
Workington.
WREXHAM, DENBIGHSHIRE (WALES).
46, Hope Street.

A
rispint

Zor Bot2% JALUTAZIA
INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, PHILADELPHIA,
1876.
CATALOGUE OF THE BRITISH SECTION.
THE CATALOGUE NUMBER OF EACH EXHIBITOR WILL BE FOUND AT END OF ENTRY.****
Cl. 100,
115, 222,
106.
DEPARTMENT I.-MINING AND METALLURGY.
Location:-MAIN BUILDING.
MINERALS, ORES, BUILDING STONES, AND MINING PRODUCTS.
CLASS 100.-Minerals, ores, etc. Metallic and non-metallic minerals, exclusive of coal and
oil. Collections of minerals systematically arranged; collections of ores and associated
minerals; geological collections.
CLASS 101.-Mineral combustibles. Coal, anthracite, semi-bituminous and bituminous, coal-
waste and pressed coal; albertite, asphalt, and asphaltic limestone; bitumen, mineral tar,
crude petroleum.
CLASS 102.-Building stones, marbles, slates, etc. Rough, hewn, sawn, or polished, for build-
ings, bridges, walls, or other constructions, or for interior decoration, or for furniture.
Marble-white, black, or coloured-used in building, decoration, statuary, monuments,
or furniture, in blocks or slabs not manufactured.
CLASS 103.-Lime, cement, and hydraulic cement, raw and burned, accompanied by specimens.
of the crude rock or material used, also artificial stone, concrete, beton.
Specimens of lime mortar and mixtures, with illustrations of the processes of mixing, etc.
Hydraulic and other cement.free ga
Beton mixtures and results, with illustrations of the processes.
Artificial stone for building purposes, building blocks, cornices, etc. desh ArofessM
Artificial stone mixtures, for pavements, walls, or ceilings.

Plasters, mastics, etc.
CLASS 104.--Clays, kaolin, silex, and other materials for the manufacture of porcelain, faïence,
and of glass, bricks, terra-cotta and tiles, and fire brick. Refractory stones for lining
furnaces, sandstone, steatite, etc., and refractory furnace materials.
CLASS 105.-Graphite, crude and refined; for polishing purposes; for lubricating, electrotyping,
photography, pencils, etc.
CLASS 106.-Lithographic stones, hones, whetstones, grindstones, grinding and polishing
materials, sand quartz, garnet, crude topaz, diamond, corundum, emery in the rock and
pulverized, and in assorted sizes and grades.
CLASS 107.-Mineral waters, artesian wel water, natural brines, saline and alkaline efflor
escences and solutions. Mineral fertilizing substances, gypsum, phosphate of lime, marls,
shells, coprolites, etc., not manufactured.
Whitwell, Thomas, Thornaby Iron
Works, Stockton-on-Tees. Collection of
Cumberland Ores and Samples of Pig Iron,
ni cužbo

Illustrating the Bessemer Process. Collection
of Materials used in making Cleveland Iron ;
Analyses of same, and Samples of Manufacture.
140
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.

Cl. 100,
101, 103.
Cl. 101.
Cl. 101,
259.
Ci. 101.
Cl. 101.
Cl. 101.
Cl. 102.
Cl. 102.
Model of most recent Example of Blast Fur-
nace, with Wrightson's Hydraulic Charging
Apparatus, and Whitwell's Patent Hot Blast
Stoves and Ovens. Whitwell's Patent Open
Stoves for Warming and Ventilating Rooms,
Schools, Halls, Hospitals, Asylums, Railway
Stations. Five examples.
(1)
Exhibitor, Lyons, 1872 (Silver Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit); London,
1874 (Certificate of Merit).
West Cumberland Iron and Steel
Co. (Limited). See Cl. 111.
Wigan Coal and Iron Company
(Limited), Coal and Ironmasters, Wigan,
Lancashire, England. CANNEL COAL for the
production of Gas of high illuminating
power, GAS COAL for the production of Gas.
Pig Iron (IIæmatite, Foundry, and Forge). (2)
Exhibitors, London, 1862, for Cannel Coal
(Prize Medal).
Dudgeon, Arthur, Engineer, 22, Great
George Street, Westminster, London, S. W.,
and 163, Great Brunswick Street, Dublin.
Peat fuel manufactured by the Irish Peat Fuel
Company. "Dudgeon's Process." Paper pulp
manufactured from peat.
(8)
Dixon, Frederick, Consulting Chemist,
20, Charterhouse Square, London, E.C. Pa-
tent fuel.
(4)
Penrose and Richards, Merchants,
Swansea, South Wales. Coke Fuel. (5)
Marriott, Elizabeth. See Cl. 513, 517.
Macdonald, Alexander, Field, & Co.,
Workers in Polished Granites (Red, Blue,
Grey, and Brown) for all varieties of monu-
mental, architectural, and other purposes.
Aberdeen Granite Works, Aberdeen, Scotland.
A polished red granite monument, 21 feet high
4 feet square at base, 8 tons weight.
(6)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Paris, 1855 (Medal), 1867 (Three Medals).
with specimens illustrating the excellence of
slate as a raw material.
(7)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Merit); Paris, 1875 (Bronze Medal).
Great North of Scotland Granite
Company (Limited), The, Granite Quarriers
and Polishers, Peterhead, Scotland. Monu-
mental Pedestal and Vase in polished Red
Granite.
Cl. 102.
(8)
Cl. 102.
Lindley, Robert Charles, Quarryman,
Mansfield, Nottinghamshire. Specimens of
stones from the Mansfield Quarries.
(9)
Bessbrook Granite Works, Flynn,
Thomas M. H., Manager, Bessbrook, Ireland.
Irish Granites, Blue and Grey, polished and fine
axed, in Headstones, Monuments, &c., and in
polished Columns and Pilasters for building
work.
(10)
Shearer, Smith, & Co., Granite Mer-
chants and Quarry Owners, and Granite
Polishers, Dalbeattie Granite Quarries, Scotland,
and 21, Great George Street, Westminster,
London, S.W. Specimens of Scotch Polished
Granite from their Quarries at Dalbeattie.
Also specimens of axed and pick-dressed
Granite for Buildings, Docks, Lighthouses, &c.,
and specimens of Street Paving Blocks. (11)
Hunter, James, Polished Granite Manu-
facturer, 209, King Street, Aberdeen, Scotland.
Red polished granite Monument.
Exhibitor, London, 1862, under the Firm of
Robertson and Hunter.
(12)
Cwmorthin Slate Company, The
(Limited), Slate Quarry Proprietors (Joseph F.
Sims), 4, Cloak Lane, Queen Street, London,
E.C., and Portmadoc, North Wales. Roofing
slates.
(13)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Campbell, Hugh, & Son, Newry Gra-
nite Polishing Works, Moor Quarries, Newry.
Polished Granite.
Cl. 102.
Cl 102.
:
Cl. 102.
Cl. 102.
Cl. 102.
:

(14)
Cl. 103,
とい
​104.
Grays Chalk Quarries Company,
The (Limited), Chalk Flint and Loam Mer-
chants, Brick and Tile Makers, Lime Burners,
Pen-yr-Ors Slate uar, langhe Whiting and Paris White Manufacturers,
(Li-
mited), Carnarvon, North Wales. Roofing
slates, slate slabs, cisterns of slate, ridges for
roofs, billiard slaba. Slate in the condition of
slab partly manufactured and of roofing slates;
90, Lower Thames Street, London, E.C.
(Works) Grays, Essex. Chalk, Whiting, Kiln-
dried Chalk, Gilders' Whiting, Flint.
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (First
Bronze Medal).
(15)
Class

DEPARTMENT I.-CLASSES 100-107.
141
Cl. 103.
Cl. 103.
Cl. 103,
206.
Cl. 103,
$17.
Wouldham
Con-
Cement Co., Portland
Cement Manufacturers, and Grey Stone Lime
Burners, Offices, 10A, King's Arms Yard,
Moorgate Street, London, E.C.; Works, Would-
ham-on-the-Medway, Kent, England. Speci-
mens of Portland cement and its ingredients
in different stages of manufacture.
crete blocks and other objects made there-
from.
(16)
Exhibitors, Moscow, 1872 (Grand Gold
Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit);
London, 1874 (Exhibitors Medal); Paris
Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Diploma of
Honour).
Patent Selenitic Cement Co. (Limited),
21, Millbank Street, Westminster, London,
S.W. Licensors for Improved Method of
Preparing Lime for Mortar, for Plastering
and Brickwork, and also for Concrete in lieu
of Portland Cement.
(17)
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (Bronze Medal).
Eastwood & Co. (Limited), Lime, Cement,
and Brick Manufacturers, Wellington Wharf,
Belvedere Road, Lambeth, London, S.E.
Portland Cement, Building, Paving, Orna-
mental, and Fire (Stourbridge) (Newcastle)
(Welsh), Bricks, Staffordshire Blue Bricks,
and Grooved Paviors, Red Paving, and
various Roofing Tiles, various Ridges and
Clinkers.
(18)
Lavers, Alfred Hamilton, Cement Mer-
chant, Nine Elms, London. Portland Cement;
Test Blocks, &c.; Roman, Keene's, and Parian
Cements; Plaster of Paris; Whiting. Testing
Machine to show strength of Cement. (19)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Merit);
London, 1874 (Medal).
Hollick &
Cl. 103.
(20)
Co., Manufacturers of Port-
land Cement. Greenwich, London. Portland
Cement.
Francis & Co., Cement, Whiting, and
Plaster of Paris Manufacturers. Offices
Vauxhall, London. Works, Cliffe Creek,
Rochester. Depôts, Liverpool and Goole.
Specimens of Portland, Roman, Medina, and
Parian Cement; also of Cement Concrete
as used for Building Foundations, Stabling,
Paving, and Railway Arches. Samples of
Parian Scagliola and decorated Parian. (21)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal).
Busse, G., & Co., See Cl. 224.
Pike, William Joseph, Clay Merchant.
Wareham, Dorsetshire. Raw materials. (22)
Harrison, George King (late Perrens
and Harrison), Stourbridge Clay Proprietor
Fire Brick and Gas Retort Manufacturer,
The Lye and Brettell Lane Fire Clay Mines,
and Brick Works, Stourbridge, England. Speci-
mens of Stourbridge fire-clays as raised from
the mine, and piece of same after having been
subjected to intense heat, showing the small
amount of contraction, the portion burnt fit-
ting that unburnt.
(23)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867
(Hon. Mention).
Dunn, Robert, & Co., Clay Merchants
Oak Villa, St. Austell, Cornwall. "China
clay," in its raw material; also samples, for
potting, bleaching, paper manufacturing, and
other purposes. Vedlig
Cl. 103.
Cl. 103.
Cl. 104.
Cl. 104.

Cl. 104.
(24)
Oakey, John, & Sons, Emery and Black
and black
Lead Manufacturers, Wellington Mills, West
minster Bridge Road, S.E.
Crude emery
tone grain emery; flour emery prepared for
the uses of machinists.
(25)
Cl. 106.
neo A
142
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
METALLURGICAL PRODUCTS.
Cl. 110,
508.
Cl. 111,
103.
Cl. 111.
Cl. 111,
113.
CLASS 110.-Precious metals.
CLASS s 111.-Iron and steel in the pig, ingot, and bar, plates and sheets, with specimens of
slags, fluxes, residues, and products of working.
CLASS 112.-Copper in ingots, bars, and rolled, with specimens illustrating its various stages
of production.
CLASS 113.-Lead, zinc, antimony, and other metals, the result of extractive processes.
CLASS 114.-Alloys used as materials, brass, nickel, silver, solder, etc.
Johnson, Matthey, & Co., Metallurgists,
78, Hatton Garden, London, E.C. Articles in
platinum, chiefly for chemical purposes; also
rare and precious metals.
(30)
Exhibitors, London. 1851, 1862; Dublin,
1865; Paris, 1867 (highest awards in each
class); Amsterdam, 1869; Vienna, 1873 (Medal
for Progress in two classes).
Governor and Company of Copper
Miners in England, The, Manufacturers
of Copper, Tin Plates, and Iron, Cwm Avon
Works, Taibach, Glamorganshire, S. Wales,
and 27, Martin's Lane, Cannon Street, London,
E.C. Tin and Terne Plates, ECC, Cwm Avon
Charcoal. TB and BI brands.
(31)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1855 (Silver Medal);
London, 1862 (Bronze Medal); Paris (Ma-
ritime Exhibition), 1875 (Silver Medal).
* Houghton, William Dickson, trading
as Houghton, W. D., Steel Wire Manufac-
turer, Friars' Green Mill, Warrington. Patent
Steel Music wire for pianoforte and other pur-
poses; Patent Steel Rope wire for Colliery,
Mining, and Agricultural purposes; for Tow-
ing Hawsers, and for Tramways, Bridges,
and other purposes requiring great strength
and toughness combined. Round Steel wire
for watch and clock purposes; for Sewing
Machine purposes; Steel wire for Drills and
other tools; for Needles. Square and flat,
Click, and other shaped Steel wires. Steel
wire for general purposes. Brass Pinion wire
for gas and meter.
(32)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Medal); Lyons,
1872 (Gold and Silver Medals); Vienna, 1873;
(exhibited by mistake in French Department,
and thereby disqualified to claim a medal).
Baldwin, E. P. & W., Iron Masters and
Tin Plate Manufacturers, Wilden Works,
near Stourport. Black Plates, Button Iron,
Sheet Iron, Tin Plates, Tinned Sheets, Terne
Plates.
(33)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Merit).
Smith, Frederick, & Co., Wire Manu-
facturers, Caledonia Works, Halifax, York-
shire. Rope wire, rigging wire, telegraph
wire, card wire, reed wire, and bonnet wire;
samples of iron in its various stages of manu-
facture into card wire for dressing wool and
cotton, and also superior class of charcoal wire
for colliery ropes, ships' rigging, reed wire,
bonnet wire, and covered wire for stems of
artificial flowers, weaving wire, &c. (34)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867;
Moscow, 1872; Vienna, 1873. (Medals.)
Brown,John, & Co.(Limited), Iron, Steel,
and Spring Manufacturers, Atlas Steel and
Iron Works, Sheffield. Armour plates. Naval
engineering. IN MACHINERY HALL.
Exhibitors, Vienna (Diploma of Honour).
(35)
Cammell, Charles, & Co. (Limited),
Steel and Iron Manufacturers, Cyclops Steel
and Iron Works, Sheffield. Rolled Iron
Armour Plate or Plates. IN MACHINERY
HALL.
(36)
Siemens, Charles William, Civil En-
gineer, 12, Queen Anne's Gate, London, S.W.
Specimens of Iron and Steel. Models of
Furnaces adapted to Metallurgical operations,
Glass melting, &c. Pyrometers.
(37)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Prize Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Grand Prix); Moscow, 1872
(Gold Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Hors Con-
cours).
Morewood, E., & Co., Tin and Terne
Plate Manufacturers, South Wales Iron Works,
Llanelly & Cambrian Tin and Terne Plate
Cl. 111.
Cl. 111.
Cl. 111.
*

Cl. 111,
320, 516.
Cl. 111,
113, 512,

- BYDEPARTMENT I.-CLASSES 110-114.
143
+
Cl. 111,
113.
Cl. 111,
113.
Cl. 111.
Cl. 111,
103.
поско
Works, Llanelly; Office, Coleridge House,
Swansea. Patent Tin and Terne Plates of all
sizes. New patent machines for manufac-
turing Tin and Terne Plate and galvanized
sheet Iron.
(38)
Exhibitors under the firm of Morewood and
Rogers, London, 1851, 1862; Paris, 1867.
(Medals.)
Swansea Tin Plate Company, The,
Tin and Terne Plate Manufacturers, Swansea
Tin Plate Works, Swansea. Tin and Terne
Plates.
(39)
Nash, Henry, & Co., Merchants, 12 and
14, Tower Buildings North, Water Street,
Liverpool. Tin and Terne Plates, Black Plate,
and "Patent Continuous" Roofing Terne
Plate.
(40)
Co., Soudley
Newnham. Specimens of Pig Iron. (41)
Great Western
Iron
West Cumberland Iron & Steel Co.
Edge & Sons, Coalport Works Shifnal,
Shropshire. Wire Ropes and Chains for
Mining and Engineering Purposes.
(43)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal and Cer-
tificate for Excellence of Workmanship).
Ash & Lacy, Meriden Street, Birming-
ham, and Globe Works, Great Bridge Staf-
fordshire. Galvanized, Tinned, Plain, and
Corrugated Iron Sheets, perforated Zinc and
Metals, &c.
(44)
Jessop, William, & Sons (Limited),
Park and Brightside Works, Sheffield. Steel
in Bars, Sheets, large and small Plates. (45)
Wire
Hatton, Sons, & Co., Bradley Iron-
works, Bilston, Staffordshire, and Broad-
water Ironworks, Kidderminster. Charcoal
Sheet Iron and Charcoal Tinplates. (46)
Warrington
Rope Works,
Limited, The, 32, Redcross Street, Liver-
pool, and Warrington. Wire Ropes for
Mines and Ships' Rigging, &c.; Signal, Sash
and Picture Cord; Fencing Strand, Plough
and very pliable Hoisting Ropes.
(47)
Whitwell, Thomas,
See Cl. 100, 222,
100, 101, (Limited), Workington, Cumberland. Illus
trations of the manufacture of Iron and Steel,
The specimens include samples of Hematite
and other Ores, Coal, Coke, Limestone, Pig
506.
Iron, Spiegeleisen, Granulated Blast Furnace
Slag, Bessemer Steel in the Ingot. Steel
Forgings, Steel Rails, and Rail Sections, Steel
Boiler and Bridge Plates, Steel Railway
Chairs (for India), &c. Also Samples illus-
trating the Testing of Steel, and the Metal-
lurgy thereof.
(42)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal).
The Phosphor Bronze Company
(Limited), Phosphor Bronze Manufacturers
and Founders, 139, Cannon Street, London,
E.C.; Works, 115, Blackfriars Road, London,
S. Specimens of Phosphor Bronze, such as
Tools, Locks, Keys, Tubes, Wire, Sheet, Steam
Fittings, Parts of Machinery, &c.
(48)
Cl. 111.
Cl. 111.

Cl. 111.
Cl. 111.

Cl. 111.
Cl. 111.
Cl. 114,
264.
瀑​曙
​
144
-BS
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL —BRITISH SECTION.
EXHIBITION.
EXHIBITION.MINE ENGINEERING-MODELS, MAPS, AND SECTIONS: TOOLS AND MACHINERY.
CLASS 120.-Surface and underground surveying and plotting. Projection of underground
work, location of shafts, tunnels, etc. Surveys for aqueducts, and for drainage.
Boring and drilling rocks, shafts, and tunnels, etc. Surveys for aqueducts, and for
ascertaining the nature and extent of mineral deposits.
Construction. Sinking and lining shafts by various methods, driving and timbering
tunnels, and the general operations of opening, stopping, and breaking down ore, timbering,
lagging, and masonry.
Hoisting and delivering at the surface, rock, ore, or miners.
Pumping and draining by engines, buckets, or by adits.
Ventilation and lighting.
to Subaqueous mining, blasting, etc.
Hydraulic mining, and the various processes and methods of sluicing and washing
auriferous gravel, and other superficial deposits.
Quarrying.
CLASS 121.-Models of mines, of veins, etc.
Jadval vanessasi in

mes ont sujany

DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 200-205.
145
DEPARTMENT II.-MANUFACTURES.
Location:-MAIN BUILding.
CHEMICALS.
CLASS 200.-Chemicals, pharmaceutical preparations.
Mineral acids, and the methods of manufacture. Sulphuric, nitric, and hydrochloric acids.
The common commercial alkalies, potash, soda, and ammonia, with their carbonates.
Salt and its production. Salt from deposits-native salt. Salt by solar evaporation
from sea water Salt, by evaporation from water of saline springs or wells. Rock salt.
Ground and table salt.

Bleaching powders and chloride of lime.
Yeast powders, baking powders.
CLASS 201.-Oils, soaps, candles, illuminating and other gases.
...
Oils from mineral, animal, and vegetable sources. Refined petroleum, benzine, naptha
and other products of the manufacture. Oils from various seeds, refined, and of various
degrees of purity. Olive oil, cotton seed oil, palm oil. Animal oils, of various kinds, in
their refined state. Oils prepared for special purposes besides lighting and for food.

Lubricating oils.
Soaps and detergent preparations.
Candles, stearine, glycerine, paraffine, etc., spermaceti.
Illuminating gas and its manufacture.
Oxygen gas, and its application for heating, lighting, metallurgy, and as a remedial agent.
Chlorine and carbonic acid.
CLASS 202.-Paints, pigments, dyes, colours, turpentine, varnishes, printing inks, writing inks
blacking.
CLASS 203.-Flavoring extracts, essences, perfumery, pomades, cosmetics.
CLASS 204.-Explosive and fulminating compounds; in small quantities only, and under special
regulations, shown in the building only by empty cases and cartridges. Black powder of
various grades and sizes. Nitro-glycerine and the methods of using and exploding. Giant
powder, dynamite, dualin, tri-nitro-glycerine.
CLASS 205.-Pyrotechnics for display, signalling, missiles.
CI. 200,
660.
Parkinson Brothers, Chemists, 43,
Hammerton Street, Burnley. Parkinson's
Pastry Powder, a high-class quality of Baking
Powder, prepared of the purest and most
harmless ingredients only, and so balanced
and neutralized, that after raising the paste
no excess of the chemical ingredients remains
in the food, which is rendered light, whole-
some, and digestible to the weakest stomach.
A new spiced pickling vinegar.
Exhibitors, London, 1873 (Medal).
36714.
(60)
Gaskell, Deacon, &
Co.
Alkali
Manufacturers, Widnes, Lancashire. Carbon-
ated Soda Ash, and Refined Alkali, of un-
usually high tests. Carbonated Soda Ash,
Refined Alkali, and Caustic Soda, of the
ordinary tests. Bleaching Powder, Soda
Crystals, Bicarbonate of Soda, and Chloride
of Calcium.
(61)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal).
K
CI. 200.

146
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL, EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
CI. 200.
CI. 200,
201.
CI. 200.
CI. 200.
CI. 200.
Cl. 200.
CI. 200.
The Newcastle Chemical Works Co.,
Limited (late C. Allhusen & Sons, Li-
mited), Chemical Manufacturers, Newcastle-
upon-Tyne. Soda ash, Alkali, refined and un-
refined, Bleaching Powder, Crystals of Soda,
(Sal. Soda), Bicarbonate of Soda, Caustic
Soda, Chloride of Calcium.A
(62)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1855, London, 1862 (1st
Class Medals); Paris, 1867 (Gold Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal of Merit).
Calvert, F. C., & Co., Carbolic Acid
Manufacturers, Bradford, Manchester. Car-
bolic and Cresylic Acids and Derivatives.
Carbolic Acid Soaps.
(63)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal);
Havre, 1868 (Gold and Silver Medals); Am-
sterdam, 1869 (Diplome d'Excellence); Santi-
ago, Chili (Diplome d'Honneur); Naples, 1871
(Silver Medal, 1st class); London, 1871;
Vienna, 1873 (Juror, Hors Concours).
Brunner, Mond, & Co., Alkali Manu-
facturers, Northwich, Cheshire. Alkali
(pure), and Bicarbonate of Soda.c
(64)
Richards, Kearne, & Gasquoine,
Alkali Manufacturers, Malkins Bank Alkali
Works, Sandbach, Cheshire. Sample of Brine
from which the Soda Ash is produced; sample
of Sulphate of Ammonia employed in manu-
facture of Soda Ash; sample of Soda Ash;
sample of Bicarbonate of Soda prepared by
Richards' Patent.
(65)
Carbonate of Soda, Chlorate of Potash, pro-
ducts from Petroleum, Coal, and Shale, pre-
servation of Iron Ships.
(68)
Allen & Hanburys, Pharmaceutical
Chemists, Wholesale Druggists and Manu-
London.
facturers, Plough Court, Lombard Street,
facturers, Plough
Varieties of pâte de jujube, and
analogous articles prepared by Hawker's
patent process to lessen adhesion and dete-
rioration in appearance and consistence. Cod
liver oil. Gelatine impregnated with Atropine
and Calabar Bean for application to the
eye.
(69)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Hors Concours);
Paris, 1867.
Usher, Rufus, Grower and Preparer of
Medical Plants, Bodicote, near Banbury,
Oxon. Specimens of English Medicinal Rhu-
barb Trimmed, Extract of Biennial Henbane,
and Dried Biennial Henbane Leaves. Also
Photographs of Biennial and Annual Henbane
Plants.
(70)
Muspratt, James, & Sons, Chemical
Manufacturers, Office, 5, Chapel Street, Liver-
pool; Works, Widnes, Lancashire, and Vaux-
hall Road, Liverpool. Soda ash (Caustic and
Carbonated), 60° Cream Caustic Soda, and
60% and 70% White Caustic Soda, Bleaching
Powder, Chlorate of Potash, Saltcake, and
Brimstone.
(71)
Exhibitors, London, 1862, (Bronze Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Gold Medal).
Corbett, John, M.P., Salt Manufacturer,
Stoke Prior Salt Works, Worcestershire.
Refined Worcestershire Salt for Domestic,
Dairy, and all other purposes.
(66)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);2
1873 (Gold Medal); Paris, 1867 (Hon. Men-
tion); Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Silver
Medal).
Hutchinson, John, & Co., Alkali Manu-
"facturers, Widnes, Lancashire. Soda Ash
(ordinary and refined, Caustic and Carbon-
ated), Soda Crystals, Caustic Soda, Bicarbon-
ate of Soda, Saltcake, Bleaching Powder, and
Sulphur recovered from vat waste.
(67)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal); Vienna,
1873 (Medal of Merit).
Young, James, Chemist, Kelly, Wemyss
Bay, N.B. Illustrations of manufacture of
Muspratt Brothers & Huntley, Chemi-
cal Manufacturers, Office, 5, Chapel Street,
Liverpool; Works, Flint, North Wales. Soda
Ash, 60°Cream Caustic Soda, and 60°/。 and
70% White Caustic Soda, Bleaching Powder,
Soda Crystals, and Bi-carbonate of Soda. (72)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal).
Kinmond & Co., Manufacturing Chemists,
Kenilworth Street, Leamington. In bottles,
Fluid Magnesia, containing double the strength
of the British Pharmacopæia, also Efferves-
cing Fluid Citrate of Magnesia of the same
strength, and contained in a duplex bottle.
(73)
Runcora Soap and Alkali Company,
The (Limited), Alkali Manufacturers, 6,
Water Street, Liverpool. Bleaching Powder,
CI. 200.

CI. 200,
272.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 200.

Cl. 200,
272.
Cl. 200.
ויי
** . . : . .



DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 200-205.
147
裕
​Cls. 200.
Cl. 200,
272.
Cl. 200,
203, 272.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 200,
272.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 200,
660.
Soda Ash, Crystals of Soda, Caustic Soda, and
Refined Resin.
(74)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Medal of Merit);
Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Gold
Medal).
The Desoto Alkali Company (Li-
mited), Alkali Manufacturers; Works, Widnes,
Lancashire; Registered Office, 10, Rumford
Place, Liverpool. Samples of Caustic Soda,
and Black Ash or Ball Soda.
(75)
Morson & Son, Pharmaceutical Chemists,
Southampton Row, Russell Square, London,
W.C. General Chemicals and Specialities.
Kreosote, Pepsine, Gelatine, and other pro-
ducts.
(76)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal); 1862
(Juror, Hors Concours); Paris, 1855, 1867
(Medal).
Evans, Sons, & Co., Liverpool, and
Evans, Lescher, and Evans, 60, Bar-
tholomew Close, London, E.C. Wholesale
Druggists, Vegetable, Animal, and Mineral
Drugs and Perfumery, Pharmaceutical Pro-
ducts and Accessories.
(77)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Weldon, Walter, Abbey Lodge, Merton,
Surrey, S.W., Manufacture of Chlorine.
Samples, and models of apparatus illustrative
of the Weldon Process for the Manufacture
of Chlorine.
White, John and James, Manufacturing
Chemists, Shawfield Works, and 80, Wilson
Street, Glasgow. Bichromate of Potash. (82)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Medal).
Spence, Peter, Alum Manufacturer, Man-
chester. Specimens of crystallized Alum, in
block and in crystals, and of a new Alumino-
ferric compound for Precipitating Sewage,
and for superseding the ordinary Aluminous
cake in Paper Making.
(83)
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (Hon. Mention);
1862 (Medal).
Chance Bros. & Co., Alkali Works, near
Birmingham. Chemical Products. *(84)
Greenbank Alkali, Co., Limited, St.
Helen's, Lancashire. Chemical Products, in-
cluding Pure Caustic Soda, Pure Chlorate
Potash, Chloride Calcium, Concentrated Sal
Soda; Soapmaker or Concentrated Lye for
family soap-making; Washing Powder. (85)
Jennings, Thomas, Brookfield Chemical
Works, Cork. Carbonate and Calcined Mag-
nesia in blocks, bottles, tins, and boxes. (86)
Liver Alkali Works Co., Limited,
The, Lightbody Street, Liverpool. Caustic
Soda.
(87)
(78)
Maw, Thomas. See Cl. 656, 660.
Gissing & Sons. See Cl. 661.
Allen, F., & Sons. See Cl. 656, 659.
Gerrard, Alfred William, Pharmaceu-
tical Chemist, 153, Liverpool Road, London,
N. Mustard Plasters and Pharmaceutical pre-
parations.
(79)
Higgin, Thomas, & Co., Salt Proprietors,
33, Tower Buildings West, Liverpool; Works,
Northwich, Cheshire. HIGGIN'S FACTORY-
FILLED SALT for domestic, dairy, and curing
purposes generally.
(80)
Wyndham, F., & Co., General Mer-
chants, 37, Eastcheap, London, E.C. “ Esprit
des Eufs" (Spirit of Eggs), a medicinal com-
pound proportionately formed of citric acid,
citrate of magnesia, phosphoric acid, phos-
phate of lime, potash, phosphate of iron, and
albumen, seven ingredients in all. In AGRI-
(81)
CULTURAL HALL.
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873; London, 1873
(Medal); Paris, 1875 (Hon. Mention),
Goodall, Backhouse, & Co. See CI.
656.
Ledger, H. & Co. See Cl. 656.
Smith, T. & H., & Co. See Cl. 656,
660.
Powell, Thomas. See 657.
Jones, Palmer, & Co. See Cl. 656.
Cohné, Sigismund, 13, Sise Lane,
London, E.C.
Chemical and Medical Soaps.
Bearings requiring no lubricant.
(88)
Exhibitor, for the Chemical Soap, Vienna
(Diploma of Merit).
Price's Patent Candle Company (Li-
mited), Makers of Candles, Night-Lights,
Oils, Soaps, Glycerine, Paraffine, Stearine,
K 2
Cl. 200.
CI. 200.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 200.

CI. 200.
CI. 200,
203.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 200.
Cl 200,
203.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 200,
203.
CI. 200.
Cl. 200,
203.
Cl. 201,
M. 573.
Cl. 201.
148
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 201.
Cl. 201,
202.
Cl. 201.
Cl. 201.
Cl. 201,
202.
Cl. 201.
Tapers. Belmont Works, Battersea, London,
S.W. Candles, Night-Lights, Pure Glycerine,
Fatty Acids, Machinery Oils, Toilet House-
hold and Mill Soaps, Glycerine, Paraffine,
Stearine, and Tapers.
(89)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Bronze Medal);
London, 1862 (Juror, Hors Concours); Paris,
1855 (Gold, Silver, and Three Bronze Medals);
Paris, 1867 (Gold Medal); Dublin, 1865
(Medal); Dublin, 1872 (Medal); Havre,
1868 (Gold Medal); Amsterdam, 1869 (Dip-
lôme d'Honneur and Gold Medal); Moscow,
1872 (Grand Gold Medal); Lyons, 1872 (Gold
Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress).
Pears, A. & F., Toilet Soap Makers,
Perfumers, &c., Inventors of Transparent
Soap, 38 & 91, Great Russell Street, London,
W.C., and Lanadron Soap Works, Isleworth,
near London. Transparent Soap. (90)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal and
Hon. Mention); 1862 (Medal); Paris, 1867
(Medal).
Williams, Miles, Varnish Manufacturer,
Britannia Varnish Works, Wigan, Lancashire.
Samples of coach builders', painters', decora-
tors', japanners' and other varnishes; varnish
paints, enamels, acquers, and specimens of
work; Gas carburetter and drawings of
patents; English and American Patents;
Improvement in manufacture of Gas, and
Liquid Fuel.
(91)
Field, J. C. & J., Lambeth Marsh, Lon-
don. Wax, Spermaceti, Ozokerit, Paraffine,
and Self-fitting Candles, United Service, and
all qualities of Toilet Soaps, Beeswax, and
Refined Yellow Wax, with White Wax, Dyer's
Soaps, Sealing Wax, and Fancy Ornamental
Candles. Night Lights, and the Patent "Ly-
chnophylax" or Candle Guard for effectually
preventing the guttering of Candles. (92)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Paris, 1867 (Medal); Lyons, 1871 (Medal);
Moscow, 1872 (Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Me-
dal for Progress).
The Star Plate and Universal Polish-
ing Powder Co., 6, Gracechurch Street,
London, E.C. Star Plate and Polishing
Powder.
(93)
Craig & Rose, Caledonian Oil and Colour
Works, Edinburgh, London, and Glasgow.
Paints, Colours, Oils, Varnishes.
Marrison, Robert D. See Cl. 269.
(94)
Stephens, Henry Charles, Chemist,
171, Aldersgate Street, London. Writing
Fluids and Copying Inks, with some new and
important discoveries therein, Ink Powders,
Machine Ruling and Endorsing Inks, Ink-
stands, Gum Mucilage, Quills, Sealing Wax,
(95)
Parallel Rulers, and Stains for Wood.
Exhibitor, Paris, 1867 (Two Medals, Silver
and Bronze); Havre, 1868 (Silver Medal);
Amsterdam, 1869 (Silver Medal); Lyons, 1872
(Bronze Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Merit).
Lyons, William, Writing and Copying Ink
and Sealing Wax Manufacturer, Park Street,
Manchester, and Watling Street, London, E.C.
Blue Black Writing and Copying Fluids,
Marking Ink, Sealing Wax, Gum Mucilage,
Ink Powders, Paper Dye Tablets, and various
Coloured Writing and Copying Inks. (96)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
Paris, 1867 (Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal
for Merit).
Bowman, Charles, Stencil Plate, Ink,
and Brush Manufacturer, 6, King Street,
Tower Hill, London, E. Specimens of solid
ink, stencil plates, stencil brushes, &c.
(97)
Exhibitor, London, 1872 (Certificate).
Storer, David, & Sons, Colour Manufac-
turers, Sydney Street, Glasgow, N.B. Colours,
Pigments, and Wood Stains. Venetian, In-
dian, and other Reds. Drop Blacks, Greens,
and other pigment Colours.
(98)
Cooper & Co., Ink Manufacturers, 5, Shoe
Lane, Fleet Street, London, E.C. Writing
Inks, Japan Ink, Register, Extra Black and
Blue Black Fluid Inks, Blue Black and
Copying Fluid, Black Copying Ink, Red
Ink, Brilliant Scarlet Ink, Blue and Violet
Inks.
(99)
Silicate Paint Company, Paint Manu-
facturers, 24, Fenwick Street, Liverpool.
Silicate paints and colours for House, out and
indoor work, ship, general, and iron work of
all kinds; petrifying liquid for damp walls,
&c., &c. Griffiths' Patent Enamelling Paints
for decorative work; Griffiths' Patent Anti-
Fouling Paint for ships' bottoms; Vulcan
Cement for steam joints, Anti-Incrustation
Fluid, Nitre Killer, &c.
(100)
Both (the Company and Mr. Griffiths)
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (each obtained
Medal).
Cl. 202,
258.
Cl. 202.
Cl. 202.
Cl. 202.

CI. 202.
Cl. 202.

DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 200-205.
149
Cl. 202.
CI. 202.
CI. 202,
652.
CI. 202.
Cl. 202.
Cl. 202.
Waterston, George, & Son, Sealing
Wax Makers, Edinburgh. Sealing wax for
every purpose. Letter and Parcel Wax, Wax
for Hot Climates, Express Wax for Ameri-
can Express Companies, Bottling Wax, all
Colours.
(101)
1855;
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
Dublin, 1865 (Bronze Medals).
Paris, 1867. (Silver Medal; the highest
award given for Sealing Wax).
Blackwood, John, & Co., Manufacturing
Chemists, Shellac Bleachers, and Ink Makers,
18, Bread Street Hill, London, E.C. Writing,
Copying, Indelible Stamping, Marking and
Patent "Jetoline " Marking Inks, Sealing and
Bottle Wax.
(102)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Hon.
Mention); Vienna, 1873 (Progress Medal).
Sands Brothers & Co., Manufacturing
Chemists, Salford Chemical Works, Man-
chester. Writing inks, Aniline Dyes, and
Blacking Inks for Bright and Dull Leather
Work. IN AGRICULTURAL HALL. (103)
Exhibitors (as Alfred Sands & Co.), Lon-
don, 1871 (Certificate); Northampton, 1873
(Hon. Mentions and Medals for Goods dressed
with S. B. & Co.'s Dyes); (as Sands Brothers
& Co.) Leeds, 1875 (Certificate of Merit);
Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875.
Turner, Chas., & Son, Varnish and
Colour Manufacturers, 7, 8, and 9, Broad
Street, Bloomsbury, London, W.C., and
George Yard, Whitechapel, London, E. Var-
nishes suitable for railway companies, carriage
builders, and house decorators; Fine Colours
of all descriptions; Gums used in the manu-
facture of varnishes, linseed oil, spirit of
turpentine.
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Medal).
(104)
Adams, John, Chemical Manufacturer,
Victoria Park, Sheffield. Polishes for Furni-
ture, Brass, and Plate.
(105)
Exhibitor, London, 1862; Paris, 1867
(Hon. Mention); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Merit).
John Bond, the late, (Hickisson,
M. A. (Mrs.), daughter of,) Marking Ink
Manufacturer, 75, Southgate Road, London,
N. Inventor of Crystal Palace Marking Ink
and pedestals containing ink, pens, and linen
stretcher and framed specimens. £ (106)
Exhibitor, Dublin, 1865 (Certificate of
Merit); Amsterdam, 1869 (Received the ap
pointment of Purveyor to the Queen and
Court of Holland); Paris, 1870 (Gold
Medal from the Académie Nationale); London
Workmen's International Exhibition, 1870
(Silver Medal); Lyons, 1872 (Bronze Medal);
London, 1873 (Certificate of Merit); Vienna,
1873.
Rowney, George, & Co., Manufacturing
Artists' Colourmen and Fine Art Publishers,
52, Rathbone Place; 29, Oxford Street; and
10 and 11, Percy Street, Tottenham Court
Road, London. Pigments, colours, varnishes,
artists' materials.
(107)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855, 1867; Lyons, 1872. (Medals.)
B
Cl. 202.
7
Cl. 202,
Mackay, John, Pharmaceutical and
Manufacturing Chemist, 119, George Street, 203, 656.
Edinburgh. Fluid Flavouring Quintessences
from Spices, Fruits, and Vegetables. Pre-
parations for domestic and culinary purposes.
Articles of diet for invalid and table use.
Spirit Varnishes and Polishes for coating
wood of all colours, White, Mahogany, Oak,
or Ebony.
(108)
Exhibitor, London, 1862; Paris, 1867
(Medal and Hon. Mention); Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Progress).

Chambers, T. F., 51, High Street, Hull.
Black Varnish.
(109)
Cl. 202.
Johnson, Brothers, Hull. Colours, Cl. 202.-
Varnishes, Machinery Oils, and Locomotives
and Anti-friction Greases.
(110)
Rawlins & Son, Brook Works, Rainhill,
Prescot. Ultramarine, both crude and finished.
Smalts, both crude and finished. Raw mate-
rials used in the manufacture of Ultramarine
and Smalts.
(111)
Atkinson, J. & E., Manufacturers of
Perfumery and Fancy Soaps, 24, Old Bond
Street, London, W. Essences, Bouquets, Eau
de Cologne, Lavender Waters, and all kindsof
Perfumes for the Handkerchief, Pomades,
Toilet Powders, Hair Oils and Washes,
Fancy Soaps, Cosmetics, Dentifrices, Toilet
Waters and Vinegar, and Preparations for
Cl. 202.
fa Cl. 203.

150
BRITISH SECTION.
BRI
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.
LEXHIBITION
Cl. 203.
286.
Cl. 203.
Cl. 203.
Cl. 203,
262.
Cl. 203.
the Skin. All kinds of Perfumery and Toilet
articles.
(112)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Prize Medal);
Paris, 1867 (only Silver Medal); Cordova,
1872 (only Silver Medal); Lima, Peru, 1872
(Silver Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Progress).
Low, Son, & Haydon, Perfumers, 330,
Strand, London, W.C. Perfume Extracts,
Toilet Soaps, and Brushes.
(113)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Hon. Mention);
1862 (Medal).
Perks, Samuel, Cultivator and Distiller
of Lavender, High Street, Hitchin, Herts.
Essential Oil of Lavender, Extract Lavender
Flowers, and other Lavender productions.
(114)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
Paris, 1867 (Medal).
Thiellay, Eugene Henry, Perfumer
Chemist, Charing Cross Hotel, London, S.W.
Manufactory, Amersham Road, New Cross,
Kent. Golden Hair Tincture, Hair Dyes in
every shade. Hair Bleaching Liquid; Hair
Tonics and Cultivators.
(115)
The effect of The "Golden Hair Tincture"
was exhibited at the Paris Hair Dressing
Soirée in 1867, not the Paris Universal Exhi-
bition, and the model obtained the Gold
Medal.
Rimmel, Eugene, Manufacturing Per-
fumer and Toilet Soap Maker, 96, Strand,
London, W.C., 128, Regent Street, London,
W., and 24, Cornhill, London, E.C. Extracts
and Essences, Toilet Vinegar, Toilet Waters,
Perfume Vaporizers, Pomades, Oils, Lime
Juice and Glycerine, Hair Washes, Lotions
and Cosmetics for the Skin, Toilet Powders,
Dentifrices, Aromatic Disinfectants, Toilet
and Shaving Soaps, Valentines, and Fancy
Crackers.
(116)
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (Hon. Mention);
1862 (Juror, Hors Concours); Paris, 1855
(Bronze Medal); 1867 (Gold Medal); 1875
(Assistant Commissioner); Vienna, 1873,
(Medal for Progress).
Crown Perfumery Co., The, 40, Strand,
London. Perfumes and Toilet Requisites. (117)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Merit).
Jaap, John, Pharmaceutical Chemist,
268 and 270, Buchanan Street, Glasgow.
Bitters Aromatique, Artificial Yeast, Baking
Powder for making Household Bread,
Browning Sauce, Curry Powder, Celery
Salt, Soluble Cayenne Pepper, Prepared
Taraxacum or Dandelion, Mixed Spice Pow-
der, Savoury Sauce for Soups, &c., Rasp-
berry and Chili Vinegar. Flavouring Quin-
tessences for flavouring Jellies, Puddings,
Creams, &c., comprising Lemon and Orange
Peel, Pine Apple, Cinnamon, Cloves, Vanilla,
Bitter Almonds, Ratafia, Ginger, Nutmeg,
Celery, Carraways, Garlic, Shallot, Corian-
ders, Cochineal, Curry Powder, Thyme, Sage,
Orange Flowers, Parsley, White Pepper,
Acidulated Lemon, Mace, Peppermint,
Cayenne, Allspice, Hawthorn Bloom.
Sturges Montserrat Company (Limi-
ted), West Indian Merchants and Planters,
Broad Street, Birmingham.
CI. 203.
(118)
Cl. 203.
(119)
Cliff, J. See Cl. 656.
Cl. 203.
Lea & Perrins. See Cl. 656.
Cl. 203.
Bewley & Draper. See Cl. 656, 660.
Cl. 203.
Inman, Brothers.
See Cl. 656, 660.
Cl. 203.
Codd, Hiram.
See Cl. 656, 660.
Cl. 203.
Corry & Co. See Cl. 656, 660.
Cl. 203.
Cantrell & Cochrane. See Cls. 656, 660.
Cl. 203.
Crosse & Blackwell. See Cl. 656, 660,
Cl. 203.

662.
Patchitt, E. C. See Cl. 656.
Pratt, James.
Cl. 203.
See Cl. 656.
Cl. 203.
Cl. 204.
Copeland, George Alexander, Manu-
facturer and Merchant, Camborne, Cornwall.
Safety blasting cartridges, ready for use, and
empty cases to be charged by the miner or
quarryman. The Cartridges and Fuses are
made waterproof or not. The casing is non-
combustible. Invented and manufactured by
exhibitor.
$6 (120)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention).
Bryant & May, Patent Safety Match
and Wax Vesta Manufacturers, Fairfield
Works, Bow, London, E. Patent Safety
Matches, Wax Vestas and Vesuvians, Patent
Decorated Metal and other Boxes. (121)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Dublin, 1865;
Moscow, 1872; Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Merit); Leeds (Prize Medals.)
Cl. 204.

DEPARTMENT II-CLASSES 206-213. DICAIDIT
151
Cl. 204.
Cl. 204.
Eley Brothers (Limited), Ammunition
Manufacturers, 254, Gray's Inn Road, London,
W.C. Agents-Messrs. Joseph C. Grubb &
Co., Philadelphia. Cartridge cases (empty)
Paper and Metal, sporting and military,
Percussion Caps, Gun Waddings.
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Pro-
gress).
(122)
Bickford, Smith, & Co., Patentees
and Manufacturers of Patent Safety Fuses,
Tuckingmill, Cornwall. Sample case of Bick-
ford's Patent Safety Fuses for conveying fire to
the charge in all blasting operations. (123)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862, 1874;
Paris, 1855; Dublin, 1865; Paris, 1867;
Altona, 1869; Cordova, S. America, 1872
(Medals); and Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Merit).
Pigou, Wilks,and Laurence, Limited,
Gunpowder Manufacturers, 11, Queen Victoria
Street, London, E.C., Dartford,Kent, and Battle
Sussex. Military, Sporting, African, and
Mining Powders of every description. (124)
Lacey, Richard George, Commission
Boatman, H.M. Coast Guard, Coast Guard
Station, Leigh, Essex. A rocket apparatus
to be carried on board ship for throwing lines
from one ship to another or to the shore, in case
of shipwreck and for towing purposes, &c.
An alarm signal box for use on board ship
(for firing alarm rockets and blue lights). A
fisherman's block, useful for hoisting steamers"
mast-head lights, for trawl beams, also for
barges, brailblocks, &c.
(125)
Exhibitor, London, 1873; Paris, 1875.
(Medals.)
Cl. 204.
Cl. 209,
206.
CERAMICS-POTTERY, PORCELAIN, ETC.

CLASS 206.-Bricks, drain-tiles, terra-cotta, and architectural pottery.
CLASS 207.--Fire-clay goods, crucibles, pots, furnaces. Chemical stoneware.
CLASS 208.-Tiles, plain, enamelled, encaustic; geometric tiles and mosaics. Tiles for pave-
ments and for roofing, etc.
CLASS 209.-Porcelain for purposes of construction. Hardware trimmings, etc.
CLASS 210.-Stone china, for chemists, druggists, etc., earthenware, stoneware, faïence, etc.
CLASS 211. Maiolica and Palissy ware.
CLASS 212.-Biscuit-ware, parian, etc.
CLASS 213.-Porcelain for table and toilet use, and for decoration.
Cl. 206,
207.
Cl. 206,
226.
Brooke, Edward, & Sons, Fieldhouse
Fire Clay Works, Huddersfield, Yorkshire.
Sanitary Tubes from 2 to 36 inches in dia-
meter, Fire Bricks and Clay for all description
of Furnaces, Patent Sewer Ventilators, Silica
Fire Bricks for Siemens, Furnaces. (140)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867; London, 1874.
Jennings, George, Sanitary Engineer,
Palace Wharf, Stangate, London, S.E. Pa-
tented Specialities in Lavatories, Baths, Closets,
Urinals, and Latrines; Water Meters, Water
Waste Preventers. Appliances for Ventilation,
&c. Terra-cotta bricks, &c. Improved Stone-
ware Drain Pipes, Gulley Traps, &c. (141)
Exhibitor, London, 1851, 1862 (Bronze
Medals); Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal); Vienna,
1873 (Medal for Progress, "for general ex-
cellence of articles exhibited, and novelty
of application.")
Dean, Henry, Sanitary Engineer and Sur-
veyor, Southam, Rugby, Warwickshire. Dean's
Patent Stoneware Drain Traps and Yard
Gullies of different Patterns.
(142)
Exhibitor, Norwich Sanitary Exhibition,
1873 (Certificate of Merit); London, 1875
(Medal).
Cl. 206,
226.
152
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 206,
400.
Cl. 206,
210, 213.
Cl. 206.
Cl. 206.
Cl. 206,
207, 210.
400.
Tinworth, George, Sculptor, 122, Hill
Street, Walworth, London, S.E. A series of
original Panels in Terra Cotta, Illustrative of
Scripture, and sundry articles in coloured
stoneware.hya na
(143)
Exhibitor, Royal Academy of Arts, 1874-
1875; Vienna, 1873 (Coöperators Medal).
Brownhills Pottery Company, The,
Earthenware Manufacturers, Tunstall, and
Manufactures of Bricks, Tiles, &c., Dale Hall,
Burslem, Staffordshire. Earthenware, Dinner,
Dessert, and Toilet Ware, Jugs, &c., printed,
enamelled, painted, and gilded. Vases and
other Ornaments, painted and decorated in
Enamel; Terra Cotta and Black Glazed Ware.
Floor and Roof Tiles, Ridge Ornaments, &c.
in Red and "Staffordshire Blue."
(144)
Peake, Thomas, Manufacturer of Terro-
Metallic Bricks, Tiles, &c., The Tileries, Tun-
stall, Staffordshire. Paving and facing bricks,
ridge, roofing, and flooring tiles; also orna-
mental tiles for garden borders, skirtings, and
mural decorations.
(145)
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (First-class Prize
Medal); Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal); London,
1871 (Certificate).
Hamblet, Joseph, Piercy Blue Brick
Works West Bromwich, Staffordshire. Vitri-
fied Blue Bricks, Copings, Plinths, Stable Floor
Bricks, Quarries, Ridges, Roofing Tiles, and
every variety of Terra Metallic Pavings. (146)
Doulton, Hy., & Co., Potters, 63, High
Street, Lambeth, London, S.E. Terra-Cotta
goods for Architectural and Horticultural
purposes of every description; Sanitary
Pottery in Salt Glazed Stoneware, consisting
of Drain Pipes, Traps, &c., Queen's Ware ;
White Staffordshire Earthenware Sanitary
Goods; Vases, Flower-pots, Fountains, &c.
in Terra Cotta, &c. Vitrified Metallic Bricks
and Pavings. Colossal group of America,
by John Bell, Esq., on pedestal, ornamented
with art pottery.
(147)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (First-class
Medal); 1862 (only Medal for Drain Pipes)
Paris, 1867 (only Silver Medal for Stoneware
Pipes); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit);
Hamburg, 1863; Oporto, 1865
1865; New Zea-
land, 1865; Auxerre, 1866; Caen, 1867
Amsterdam, 1869; Lyons, 1872; Dublin,
1872.
Watcombe Terra Cotta Company,
The (Limited), Terra Cotta Manufacturers,
Watcombe, S. Mary Church, South Devon.
Art mauufactures in Terra Cotta, consisting
of Painted Vases and Plaques, Statuettes in
single figures and groups, miscellaneous,
ornamental, and useful articles; Imperish-
able Frescoes for Mural Adornment, and
Architectural Terra Cotta specimens. (148)
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (Medal).
Holland, William Thomas, Earthen-
ware, Brick, Pipe, and Terra-Cotta Manufac-
turers, Yrisymudw, near Swansea and Llanelly,
South Wales. Ceramic goods, Earthenware or
Faïence, in Table, Tea, Toilet Services, &c. ;
Architectural Terra-Cotta, Ornamental Bricks
and Tiles, Fire Bricks ("Dinas," &c.) and
Fire-Proof Cements; Sanitary Pipes and Sani-
tary Ware.
(149)
Exhibitor, London, 1862, 1871.
Lindsay & Anderson, Fire-clay and
Terra Cotta Manufacturers, Lilliehill Fire-clay
and Terra Cotta Works, Dunfermline, Scot-
land. Fountain in Terra Cotta, bust and
pedestal of Sir Walter Scott, Statuette of Sir
James Y. Simpson, Nymphs at Fountain,
Garden Vases and Pedestals, gas stove in
Terra Cotta, sewage pipes, sanitary appli-
ances, Fire Clay bricks, chimney cans, col-
lection of Terra-Cotta.
(150)
Matthews, John, Pottery Manufacturer,
Royal Pottery, Weston-super-Mare (Somer-
set). Terra-Cotta vases, Terra-Cotta fountains,
Terra-Cotta baskets; Garden Pottery, &c. (151)
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (Prize Medal for
Excellence of Garden Pots); 1871 (Certificate
of Merit); Birmingham Horticultural Exhi-
bition, 1874 (Silver Medal).
Wood & Ivery, Brick Manufacturers,
Albion Brick Works, West Bromwich, Staf-
fordshire. Blue Terra-Metallic Building
nd Fancy Bricks, Mouldings, Copings, Foot-
path Paving Bricks, Grooved Stable Floor
Bricks, Terminals, Terra-Metallic Vases,
Trusses, &c.
(152)®
Exhibitors, Moscow, 1872 (Gold Medal);
Vienna, 1873; London, 1874 (Bronze Medal);
Paris, 1875 (Bronze Medal).
Stiff, James, & Sons (established 1751),
Manufacturers of Stoneware, Terra-Cotta,
&c., London Pottery, High Street, Lambeth,
London, S.E. Specimens of Fine Stoneware
Cl. 206,
210.

Cl. 206,
207, 210,
213.
Cl. 206,
207.
Cl. 206.

CI. 206.
Cl. 206,
207, 210.

DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 206-213.
153
ཎྞཎྜཎྜ
Cl. 206.
Cl. 206.
Cl. 207.
Cl. 207.
Cl. 207.
Jugs, &c., in Decorated Lambeth ware: Jars,
Bottles, Tiles, Terra-Cotta Vases, Medallions,
&c.; Water Filters, Refrigerators, &c.; Air
Bricks, Ornamental String Courses, &c.; Terra
Cotta Stoves and Stove Linings; Stoneware
apparatus used in chemical and other pro-
cesses; Specimens of Insulators, Batteries, Jars,
Porous Cylinders, Plates, &c.; Specimens of
Architectural Terra-Cotta Tablets with alle-
gorical figures in bas-relief; Terra-Cotta
Figures for Church and other Decoration;
Horticultural Terra-Cotta, &c.; Sanitary Stone-
ware, Improved Sewer Traps, Sewage Carriers,
Drain Pipes, &c.
(153)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
1871 (Certificate).
Johnson & Co., Ditching Potteries, Bur-
gess Hill, Sussex; Offices, 18, Adam Street,
Adelphi, London, W.C. Manufacturers of
Dark Red, Light Buff, and other Terra-Cotta,
Paving and Fancy Bricks, Ridge, Roof, and
Flooring Tiles, Garden Edging, &c. IN AGRI-
CULTURAL HALL.
(154)
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (Medal).
Eastwood & Co. See Cl. 103.
Harper & Moores, Fire-clay and Brick
Works, Stourbridge. Fire Clays in raw state,
both ground and unground, and also burnt
specimens; Prepared Clays, Fire Bricks,
Crucibles for Iron and Brass Founders' work,
Melting Pots for Glass Works, and Bricks
used in the erection of smelting furnaces, and
in the manufacture of Glass, Iron, and Gas
and in other Works where great fire-resisting
qualities are required.
(155)
King Brothers, Proprietors of Best
Stourbridge Fire Clays, Manufacturers of all
kinds of Fire Bricks, for Furnaces, &c., Gas
Ovens, Gas Retorts, and Bottle House Tank
Blocks, also Crucibles (in Clay and Plum-
bago). Stourbridge.
Exhibitors, London, 1862.
(156)
Patent Plumbago Crucible Company
The, Manufacturers of Portable Furnaces for
Melting, Dental Enamelling purposes, &c., and
Assay Clay Crucibles, suitable for Gold and
Silver Workers, Refiners, &c., and all kinds
of Fire Standing Goods, Battersea Works,
London, S.W. Portable furnaces used for
enamelling, Dental Work, Jeweller's melting
do and cupellation; skittle pots for glass melting;
crucibles for Jewellers, Assayers, Dentists,
&c.; Founders' Blacking.
(157)
Exhibitiors, London, 1862 (only Medal for
Crucibles); Dublin, 1865 (only Medal for
Crucibles); Oporto, 1865 (Silver Medal for
Crucibles); Paris, 1867 (only Medals for
Crucibles); Havre, 1868 (sole highest
awards); Amsterdam, 1868 (sole highest
awards); Moscow, 1872 (only Gold Medal
given for Crucibles).
Cliff, John, Chemical Stoneware Manu-
facturer, Fire Brick Maker, &c., Runcorn, near
Liverpool.
(240) (158)
Exhibitors, London, 1851; Paris, 1855;
Dublin, 1865 (Medals). Firm: Stephen
Green & Co. up to 1857, John Cliff & Co.
to 1869, and subsequently John Cliff.
Reynolds, John George, Terra-Cotta,
Firebrick, and Patent Torrified Amber
Tobacco Pipe Manufacturer, 9, Old Ford
Road, London, E. Raw materials, Pipe
Clays, and Pipes, Terra-Cotta Clay and Fire-
clays; Gas Stoves in Terra-Cotta, Backs and
Cheeks for Close Stoves, Fuel Economisers,
Gas Shades, &c.; Firebricks, &c.; Water Paint
for outside work.
Exhibitor, London, 1871.
Cl. 207.
Cl. 207.

(159)
Cl. 207,
210.
Price J., & C., & Bros., Stoneware
Potters, 69, Victoria Street, Bristol. Jars
and vessels of all kinds made of highly glazed
stoneware, capable of resisting the action of all
spirits and acids; Ale Bottles, Spirit Jars,
Barrels, Preserve Jars, Water Filters, Feet
Warmers, &c.
(160)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Prize Medal).
Bates, Walker, & Co. (late Bates, Elliot,
& Co.), Earthenware Manufacturers, Dale Hall
Works, Burslem, England. General nature of
earthenware goods specially adapted for the
American trade, consisting of dinner, dessert,
toilet, and tea ware, jugs, vases, flower pots,
and punch bowls, sanitary, photographic, drug-
gist's, chemical, and perfumery ware, scale
plates and patch boxes. Also manufacturers of
ironmongers', artists', and garden ware, stick,
parasol, and umbrella handles, spirit barrels,
sign board letters, porcelain slates, Menu
tablets, &c.
(161)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal); New
York, 1853 (Medal); Paris, 1855 (First-class
Medal); London, 1862, 1871 (Hon. Mention,
Medal); Italy, 1858 (Hon. Mention); Dublin,
1874; Manchester, 1875 (Hon. Mention).
Cl. 207,
210, 213.
154
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
CI. 207.
CL. 207.
Cl. 208,
211.
Cl. 208,
211.
Cl. 208.
Cl. 208,
211.
Doulton & Co., Potters, 4, High Street,
Lambeth, London, S.E. Mantlepieces, Stoves,
Hearth, and Fenders entirely of Clay; Cruci-
bles, Furnaces, Muffles, in Fire-Clay and Plum-
bago.png
(162)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Medal); London,
1871, 1872, 1873, 1874 (Medals); Vienna,
1873 (Medal for Merit).
Davidson, T., jun. & Co., Caledonian
Pipe Works, 33 and 41, Garngad Hill, Glas-
gow. Specimens of clay tobacco pipes in
upwards of 200 different patterns, manufactured
from finest and most carefully prepared clays
in white, red, and black. Also specimens of
"Torrified meerschaum" coloured and highly
finished white clay pipes, fitted with fancy
mouth-pieces and cases.
(163)
3.
Minton, Hollins, & Co., Tile Making,
Patent Tile Works, Stoke-upon-Trent. En-
caustic and Plain (glazed and unglazed);
Printed, Enamelled, and Maiolica Tiles; Tile-
Mosaic richly glazed Art-painted Tiles; Tile
Tiled
Fender, Chimney-piece, Fire-grate ;
Flower Vases, &c.
(164)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Council Medal);
1862 (First-class Medal); Paris, 1855, 1867
(Gold Medals); Moscow, 1872 (Gold Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress).
Maw & Co., Manufacturers of Geomet-
rical Mosaic, Encaustic, and Maiolica Tiles for
Pavements, Wall Lining, Hearths, Fire-
places, &c.; Architectural Maiolica for Friezes,
Stringcourses, Pilasters, &c. Benthall Works,
Broseley, Shropshire. Agents for United
States, A. Merchant & Co., 244, Pearl Street,
New York. Geometrical, Mosaic, Encaustic,
and Maiolica tiles (loose specimens and speci-
mens in mounted frames); Architectural
Maiolica, Maiolica ware, and Terra-Cotta.(165)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867;
Dublin, 1865; Oporto, 1865 (Medals); and
numerous other Exhibitions.
Stanley Brothers, Manufacturers of
Terra-Cotta, Blue Bricks, and Tiles, Red
Ridging, &c., Midland Tile Works, Nuneaton,
Warwickshire. Perforated Tiles for Malt
Kiln floors. (Patent machine made.) (166)
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (Medal).
Co. (Limited),
Craven, Dunnill, &
Encaustic, Geometrical, and Mosaic Tile
Makers, Jackfield Works, near Ironbridge,
Shropshire. Encaustic, plain, and mosaic
tiles for pavements, glazed hearth tiles,
ornamental splays for grates and sides of
fireplaces, in Printed, Maiolica, and Painted
Tiles; White, Toned, Printed, Maiolica and
Painted Tiles for Walls; Printed and Painted
Tiles for Furniture.
(167)
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (Bronze Medal).
The Campbell Brick and Tile Com-
pany, Stoke-upon-Trent, (Robert Minton
Taylor, Manager). Manufacturers of En-
caustic, Geometric, Maiolica, and all kinds of
glazed tiles and mosaics. Also bricks and
roofings of every description.
(168)
Minton's China Works, Stoke-upon-
Trent. New York Agency, 39, Murray Street.
Enamelled Tiles.
(169)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Council Medal);
1862 (Prize Medal); Paris, 1855 and 1867
(Gold Medals); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Honour)..
Colthurst, Symons, & Co., Bridgwater.
Patent Scouring Brick for cleansing all kinds
of metals, furniture stains, or floors of houses;
Patent Roman, Ridge, and Eaves Tiles ;
Samples of Malt Kiln Squares, Draining Pipes,
Sanitary Pipes, Flooring Tiles, &c.
AGRICULTURAL HALL.
IN
(170)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867, 1875 (Medals ;
Vienna, 1873.
Brownfield, Wm., & Son, Manufacturers
of China, Maiolica, Ironstone China, Parian,
Earthenware, Stoneware, &c., Cobridge, Staf-
fordshire Potteries. London Offices, 2, Charter-
house Street, opposite Ely Place.
(171)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal); Paris,
1867 (Silver Medal).
Brown-Westhead, T. C., Moore, &
Co., Manufacturers of China and Earthen-
ware, Cauldon Place, Staffordshire Potteries.
All goods made in China, Earthenware,
Statuary Porcelain, Maiolica, &c.; Dinner,
Dessert, Tea, and Toilet Services, plain and
decorated; Druggists' and Perfumers' Goods;
plain and ornamental Tiles, &c.; Sanitary
ware, plain, printed in imitation of marble, and
decorated in colours and gold.
(172)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal); Paris,
1855 (Medal); Manchester, 1857 (Medal);
1857
London, 1862 (Medal); Lyons, 1872 (Me-
dal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Cl. 208.
Cl. 208:
Cl. 208.
Cl. 210,
211, 212,
213.

Cl. 210,
211, 212,
213.

CLASSES 214–216. A
DEPARTMENT II.—CLASSES 214–216.
155
:.
Cl. 210,
217.
Cl. 210,
213.
Cl. 210,
211, 212,
213.
Doulton & Watts, Potters, Lambeth
Pottery, Lambeth, London, S.E. Salt-glazed
Stoneware applied to Domestic and Manufac-
turing purposes, and Chemical Works; Mantel-
pieces, Washstands, Cabinets, &c., with Tile
Decorations; Art Pottery in Doulton and
Lambeth Ware, Pulpit and Font, in Fine Art
(173)
Pottery Faïence.
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862, 1871, 1872,
1873, 1874 (Medals); Paris, 1867 (Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress); besides
other Foreign Medals.
Powell & Bishop, Manufacturers of
China and Earthenware, Hanley, Staffordshire.
Dinner, Dessert, Tea, and Toilet Services, in
great variety, and all kinds of miscellaneous
goods, both plain and decorated; White
Granite for the United States Markets. (174)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal);
Amsterdam, 1869 (Diplome d'Excellence);
London, 1871; Paris Maritime Exhibition,
1875 (Silver Medal).
Daniell, A. B., & Son, Manufacturers
of China and every description of Earthen-
ware, by Special Appointment to Her Majesty,
46, Wigmore Street, London, W. Choice ex-
amples of "Fine Art" Porcelain and Pottery,
Ornamental Vases, Candelabra, &c.; Dinner,
Dessert, Tea and Coffee Services; Toilette Ser-
vices of special designs; Maiolica and other
wares; Fountains, Jardinières, Garden Seats,
Vases, &c., suitable for conservatories, corri-
dors, &c.
Depôt for Messrs. Mintons' productions.vft
M (175)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855; Vienna, 1873.
Bailey, W. & J. A., Earthenware and
Glass Manufacturers, Alloa, Scotland. Rock-
ingham Earthenware Teapots; Engraved
(176)
Table Glass.
Exhibitors, Paris Maritime Exhibition,
1875 (Silver Medal).
Gardner, Peter, Dunmore Pottery, By
Stirling, Scotland. Rockingham Teapots,
Baskets, Vases, Tea Services, Jugs, and
FR (177)
Dessert Ware.
Edwards, J., & Son, Dale Hall Pottery,
Ironstone White
Burslem, Staffordshire.
ware, fancy decorated goods, Jugs, Pots, Stone
Tea ware. IN AGRICULTURAL HALL. (178)
Hope & Carter, Burslem, Staffordshire.
Ornamented and Printed Earthenware, and
White Granite Earthenware. IN AGRICUL-
TURAL HALL.
(179)
Edwards, John, King Street, Fenton,
Staffordshire. Ironstone China and Porcelaine
de Terre Tea, Dinner, Toilet, and Jug Ser-
vices. IN AGRICULTURAL HALL (180)
Green, James, & Nephew. See Cl. 216.
Cl. 213,
216.

Cl. 210,
213.
Cl. 210,
211.
Cl. 210,
213.
Cl. 213.
GLASS AND GLASS-WARE.
Cl. 214.
Cl. 214.
CLASS 214.-Glass used in construction and for mirrors. Window glass of various grades of
quality and of size. Plate glass, rough, and ground or polished. Toughened glass.
CLASS 215.-Chemical and pharmaceutical glass-ware, vials, bottles.
CLASS 216.-Decorative glass-ware.
Chance Brothers & Co., Glass Manu-
facturers, Glass Works, Near Birmingham.
Glass for optical instruments. pek (190)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal); 1862
1867
Paris, 1855 (Medal);
(Medal) ;
(Medal).
Hetley, J., & Co., Glass Shade Manu-
facturers, 35, Soho Square, London. Glass
shades. Glass used for photographic, build-
(191)
ing, and horticultural purposes.
De Kilner Bros., Glass Bottle Manufacturers,
Great Northern Goods Station, King's Cross,
London, N.; Works, Thornhill Lees, near
Dewsbury, and Conisboro', near Rotherham,
Yorkshire. By appointment to the British
Government. Glass bottles and glass for
useful and scientific applications. (192)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal);
Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Silver,
Medal).
Cl. 215.

156
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.

Cl. 215.
Cl. 216,
213.
Aire and Calder Glass Bottle Com-
pany, Proprietor, Edgar Breffit, Glass Manu-
facturers, 83, Upper Thames Street, London,
E.C. Glass bottles of various colours and
patterns, Patent Combination Stoppers,
Aërated Water Bottles, with all recently
patented stoppers. Improved Packing Cases,
made by patent machinery, for packing
without straw. Corks for all purposes, cut
by patent machinery. Straw envelopes made
by machinery.
(193)
Exhibitors, London, 1871, 1872, 1873, and
1874; Paris, 1867 (Medal); Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Merit); Paris Maritime Exhibition,
1875 (Silver Medal).
Green, James, & Nephew, Cut and
Engraved Glass, Manufacturers, Thames Cut
Glass Works, 107, Queen Victoria Street,
London, E.C. Table glass, cut and en-
graved Table Decorations, and Flower stands,
English Glass Chandeliers and Lustre candle-
sticks. Porcelain for Table and Decora-
tion.
(194)
Exhibitors and Prize Medallists, London,
1851 and 1862; Dublin, 1865; Paris, 1867;
and Vienna, 1873.

Cl. 216.
15 (195)
Millar, John, & Co., Glass Merchants,
2, South St. Andrew Street, Edinburgh.
Engraved and Cut Glass. mend
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855, 1867; London, 1873.
Jenkinson,
Alexander, 10, Princes
Street, Edinburgh. New Venetian glass in
vases, comportiers, finger basins, &c., all of
antique shapes, cut decanters, engraved jugs,»
and fine light plain glass in jugs, goblets, and
wine glasses.
(196)
Cl. 216.
Cl. 217,
252.
Cl. 217.
FURNITURE AND OBJECTS OF GENERAL USE IN CONSTRUCTION
AND IN DWELLINGS.
CLASS 217.-Heavy furniture.-Chairs, tables, parlour and chamber suits, office and library
sbd furniture, vestibule furniture. Church furniture and decoration.
CLASS 218.-Table furniture. Glass, china, silver, silver-plate, tea and coffee sets, urns,
samovars, epergnes.
CLASS 219.-Mirrors, stained and enamelled glass, cut and engraved window-glass, and other
decorative objects.
CLASS 220.-Gilt cornices, brackets, picture frames, etc.
CLASS 221. The nursery and its accessories; children's chairs, walking chairs.
CLASS 222.-Apparatus and fixtures for heating and cooking,-stoves, ranges, heaters, etc.
CLASS 223.-Apparatus for lighting,-gas fixtures, lamps, etc.
CLASS 224.—Kitchen and pantry,-utensils, tin ware, and apparatus used in cooking (exclusive
of cutlery).
CLASS 225.-Laundry appliances, washing machines, mangles, clothes-wringers, clothes-bars,
ironing tables.
CLASS 226.-Bath room and water closet, shower bath, earth closet.
CLASS 227-Manufactured parts of buildings,-sash, blinds, mantels, metal work, etc.

School of Art Needlework, The
Royal, Decorative Needlework, Exhibition
Road, South Kensington, London, S.W.
Artistic needlework and embroidery in ap-
pliqué, crewels and silks. Applicable for
the decoration of Walls, Screens, Cabinets.
Portières, &c.
數量​::(210)
Arthur, Frederick, 18, Motcomb Street,
London, S.W. Cabinet Work and Fittings
for Royal School of Art Needlework Ex-
hibits.
(211)
Exhibitor of decorations, London, 1862;
Paris, 1867. TENNI
Shoolbred, James, & Co., Upholsterers
and Cabinet Manufacturers, Tottenham Court
Road, London, W. Four suites of furniture in
the Jacobean and Queen Anne styles, and a
suite of Bedroom Furniture in the Anglo-
Cl. 217,
239.

DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 217-227.
157
Cl. 217,
218.
Cl. 217.
Cl. 217.
Cl. 217,
219.
CI. 217,
443, 453.
Indian style, Curtains and Carpets, suitable for
the above designs for Drawing Room, Dining
and Bed Rooms.
(212)
Schildberg, H., & Co., Merchants and
Manufacturers, 26, Moorgate Street, London,
E.C. One Mahogany writing desk with pneu-
matic arrangement by which means the top
board can be raised to suit the height of the
occupier. One Walnut writing desk with spring
arrangement. Ornamental fountains. (213)
Cooper & Holt, Cabinet Manufacturers
and Upholsterers, 48, 49, 50, Bunhill Row,
London, E.C. Furniture. Carved Oak Side-
board; portion of Bed-room Suite, in Wal-
nut, Oak, and other Woods. Decorative
Drawing-room Furniture, consisting of Wall
and Hanging Cabinets in various Woods;
Stuffed Chairs, &c.
(214)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Knight, Miss Mary, 1, Anderson Street,
Chelsea, London, S.W. A small bedstead
closed in front and at both ends; full-sized
as when open. Takes up, when closed, the
smallest possible space against a wall, and when
covered has the appearance of a very narrow
sideboard. Takes into three pieces for
cleansing.
(215)
Wright & Mansfield, Cabinet Makers,
104, New Bond Street, London, W. Cabinet
Furniture of the 18th century.
(216)
Exhibitors, London, 1862, (First-class
Medal awarded for great excellence of design
and workmanship); Paris, 1867 (the only
Gold Medal for British Furniture).
Cox & Sons, Church Furnishers and Art
Workers in Wood, Stone, Metal, and Stained
Glass, 28, 29, and 31, Southampton Street,
Strand, London, W.C. Chimney Piece, forming
the greater part of the end of a room, showing
Stone and Marble Fireplace, inlaid with Hand-
painted Tiles, representing birds, foliage, and
subjects; carved oak framing with mirrors.
and painted panels; the fire-dogs have a
reversible arrangement of cups for holding
flowers in summer; Embroidered Mantel
Board; Ebonized Corner Cupboard, decorated
and with painted panels; Carved Oak Bookcase
and Cabinet, with bureau; Carved Oak Side-
board with canopied back; Carved Oak Chairs,
adjusting, covered with stamped velvet; Can-
terbury and adjusting Music Stand; Oak Coal
Box; Folding Chair; Cabinet with richly
chased metal panels; and Fire Screen, Stained
Glass in Oak Frame; richly carved Chair
of Glastonbury form, and Dining Room
Chair covered in pigskin; Bronze subject,
"The Snake Charmer," after model by
Thomas Brock; Stained Glass, three-light
stained glass Church window, subject " The
Sermon on the Mount;" five subject panels
of Domestic Stained Glass, centre, St. George
and the Dragon; side panels, subjects from
"The Nun's Tale," Chaucer's "Canterbury
Tales," "The Feast of Comus," Milton,
King Lear," Shakespeare, "The E
"The Holy
Grail," Tennyson; Wrought-Iron pulpit body;
two iron and brass gas standards; two polished
brass eagle lecterns; polished brass and
polished brass and glass coronæ ; Church plate;
cased and jewelled sets of Communion plate;
specimens of wrought-iron and brass work;
specimens of art tiles and plaques. "The
Challenge Prize of the National Musical
Union," manufactured for the Crystal Palace
Co.
(217)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867.

(C

Singer, J. W., & Son, Metal Workers,
Frome, Somerset. Ornamental Brass Work;
Artistic Metal Work; Altar Crosses, Altar
Candlesticks, Alms Dishes, and Artistic Mural
Brass Plates for Churches.
(218)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867;
London, 1872, 1873, 1874.
Hart, Son, Peard, & Co., Manufacturers,
Wych Street, Strand, London, W.C., Brook
Street, Hanover Square, London, W., and
Grosvenor Works, Birmingham. Artistic
Metal Work (chiefly for ecclesiastical pur-
poses), Gas Fixtures, Stove-grates, &c. (219)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Dublin
1853, 1865; Paris, 1855, 1867.
Juries Report, 1862: "For great beauty
and variety of design and
of work-
manship."
verfa 9.
Wethered, Edwin Robert, Major and
Paymaster, Royal Artillery, Woolwich, Kent.
1st, Patented lounge hammock, suspended to
iron stand, admits of reclining in any desired
position; forms a Screen when not in use.
Exhibited also as a Camp Bed, or Garden
Lounge, on light wooden fixed frame, and
convertible into a chair. 2nd, Patent Friction
Pulley Block, which admits of friction being
Cl. 217,
443.
Cl. 217,
443.
Cl. 217,
503.

158
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 217.
Cl. 217.
Cl. 217.
Cl. 217,
443, 453.
Cl. 217,
222, 225,
228, 443,
720, 722.
Cl. 217,
221.
applied either to a Single or Compound Block;
friction can be freed or applied at will, either
by action of rope or lever, enabling one per-
son to lower a heavy weight under complete
control; suitable for Boat Lowering; exhi-
bited as a Fire Escape, the apparatus com-
(220)
plete weighing about 7 lbs.
Ward & Co., Naturalists, 158, Piccadilly,
London, W. A Bear arranged as Dumb
Waiter, to hold tray and lamp.
(221)
ご
​Phipson, Emma (Miss), Monk Sherborne,
Basingstoke, Hants. Sideboard for China
(Italian Walnut), Card Table, Ladies' Work
Table (Mexican Mahogany), Dressing Glass
and Candlesticks (Mexican Mahogany). (222)
Exhibitor, Leeds, 1875,
Peyton & Peyton, Brass and Iron Bed-
stead Manufacturers, Bordesley Works, Bir-
mingham. Metallic bedsteads only, viz., Iron,
japanned and decorated; Iron and Brass com-
bined; Brass only.
(223)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal); 1862
(Only Medal for English Metallic Bedsteads);
Dublin, 1865 (Only Medal); Paris, 1867 (Only
Medal for English Metallic Bedsteads);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Matthews, Edward, & Sons, Memorial
Brass Engraver, Stained Glass and Tile
Painter, 377, Oxford Street, and 54, Berwick
Street, London, W. Stained Glass Windows,
Ecclesiastical and Domestic. Mural Brasses
for Monumental purposes and Ecclesiastical
Decoration. Decorative Tiles, illustrative
of Historical, Mythological, and other sub-
jects.
1 (224)
Barnard, Bishop, & Barnards, Iron-
founders, Art Metal Workers, Manufacturers
of Wire Netting, Norfolk Ironworks, Norwich.
Ornamental Wrought and Cast Iron Gates,
Palisade, Pavilions, &c., Lawn Mowers, Wire
Netting, Hose Reels, Garden Rollers. Every
description of garden requisites of iron;
Espalier Fruit Trainers, Slow Combustion
Stoves, Mangles, &c., &c.
(225)
Exhibitors (Medal), London, 1851, 1862;
Paris, 1867 (Merit Medal); Vienna, 1873.
Barnard, Bradly, Upholsterer and
Elkington & Co., Manufucturing Silver-
smiths and the original Patentees of the
Electro-plate, 22, Regent Street, and 45,
Moorgate Street, London; 25, Church Street,
Liverpool; St. Anne's Square, Manchester
Manufactory and Show Rooms, Newhall
Street, Birmingham. Works of High Art in
Gold, Silver, and other Metals. Repoussé
Works of Art in Silver and Iron. Gold and
Silver Damascened Works of Art.
Silver and Electro Silver Plate for Domestic
Use. Decorative Table Plate relieved with
electro gold and oxydised silver; electro-
type fac-simile reproductions. Antique
Art Treasures in Metal from the South
Kensington Museum; Cloisonné and Champ-
levé Enamels on Silver and Copper.
Statuary.
Solid
Bronze
(227)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Grand Council
Medal); 1862 (Juror, Hors Concours); Paris,
1855 (Grand Gold Medal and Cross of the
Legion of Honour); 1867 (Grand Gold
Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Honour
and Cross of Francis Joseph).
Collinson & Lock, Manufacturers of Art
Furniture, Joinery, Wall Papers, and Textile
Fabrics in the Old English style, 109, Fleet
(228)
Street, London, E.C.
Exhibitors, London, 1871, 1872; Vienna,
1875 (Medal for Merit).
Hems, Harry, 69, Paris Street, Exeter.
1. Statue, "Safe in the Arms of Jesus."
Material: Derbyshire (English) Alabaster.
2. Carved Oak Chest made out of ancient
beams (nearly 600 years old) from the Choir
of Salisbury Cathedral. The carved details
upon this Chest or Coffer, are in every instance
careful reproductions of existing examples of
early Perpendicular Gothic in the West of
England.
(229)
Morton, W. Scott, & Co., Art Furniture
Works, Edinburgh. Decorative Furniture, de-
signed by Wm. Scott Morton. An Ebonized
and Decorated Cabinet. A Sideboard in
stained wainscot, with embossed leather panels.
An Ebonized and Decorated Cabinet. (230)
Jeffreys, Charles, 103, Hatton Garden,
London. Air-tight Plate-glass Show Case,
made upon an improved principle; Cut Glass
Cabinet Manufacturer, St. Paul's Road, High- Mirror, silvered by Patent Process, Leather
bury, London, N. Patented Furniture and
Hammock Bassinettes, Baskets, &c. (226)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Honour
in two groups).
Travelling Cases, Lady's and Gentlemen's
Jewel Cases, Watch Makers and Jewellers
Bronzed Shop Fittings, Plate Glass Show
Cl. 217,
218, 400,
401, 403,
452, 454.


Cl. 217,
239, 264.

Cl. 217,
400, 405.

Cl. 217.
Cl. 217,
255.

MODERATE DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 217-227.
217–227.0827
159
6
Cl. 217.
Cl. 217,
327.
Cl. 217,
255.
Cl. 217.
Cl. 217.
Cl. 218.
Cl. 218,
422.
Cl. 219,
442.
Cl. 219,
223, 453.
Cl. 219.
Stands with bevelled and polished Edges;
Reflecting Lamps for Shop Windows; Mo-
rocco Watch, Bracelet, Brooch, Earring,
Ring, Pin, and Stud Cases; Velvet Cases,"
Velvet Stands for Exhibiting Jewellery and
Works of Art.
(231)
Howard & Sons, Cabinet Makers and
Upholsterers, 25, 26, and 27, Berners Street,
Oxford Street, London, W. Household Fur-
niture, Decorations, and Flooring. (232)
Collmann, Leonard W., 67, George
Street, Portman Square, London, W.
oblique grand Cottage Piano (Broadwood's
Works), in Carved Satinwood Case. A Music
Stool to match.
(233)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
1873 (Medal); Paris, 1873 (Medal).
An
Sage, Frederick, 80 to 84, Gray's Inn
Road, London, W.C. Air-tight Show Cases on
improved principle, Velvet Show Stand for
Jewellers' Windows; both exhibited for design
and workmanship. Bronze fittings. Specimens
of glass bevelling.
(234)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Merit).
Watson & Son, of Bombay, care of J.
WATSON & SON, Moorgate Street Chambers,
City, London, E.C. Indian Furniture. (235)
Doulton & Watts. See Cl. 210.
Storer, Joseph, Engineer, Stamford
Brook, Hammersmith. Inventor of Self-
acting Table Fountains.
(236)
Gill, James, Engraver, 66, Regent Street,
Lambeth, S.E. Specimens of general engrav-
ing, or art applied to decorate silver or other
precious metals.
(237)
Lafargue, Paul, Doctor, 27, South Hill
Park, Hampstead, London, N.W. Engravings
on metals and marbles, plaques for cabinet and
artistic furniture, interior decoration (panel-
ling, &c.).
(238)
સાંઢજીંદ
Kerr, Edward, Brass Founder and Cop-
persmith, 7, Merville Terrace, Gilford Place,
North Strand, Dublin. Kerr's Improved
Process of decorating Glass for Household and
Ecclesiastical purposes, &c.; Kerr's (Patent)
Safety Farmer's Wind Proof Stable Lamps for
Kerosene or any mineral oil, burning without
either glasses or globes.
Bagolk (239)
MacIntosh, James, Imitator of Woods
and Marbles, and Artist Decorator, 38,
Langham Street, London, W. Decorative
Doors and Panels, inlaid with imitation woods,
precious stones, ivory, &c. Imitations of
Woods and Marbles. Decorative Designs.
Decorative Paperhanging.
*(240)
Zobel, Charles Ferdinand Julius, Or-
namental and Art Metal Worker, 139, Euston
Road, London, N.W. Architectural and
Artistic Hammer Work in Metal; Retriever,
repoussé work in Zinc, Bouquet of flowers
hammered, in Copper and Zine; Two architec-
tural models hammered, in Zine; Aloe plant
hammered in zinc, and painted to imitate na-
ture. Conjuring Apparatus in Metal. (241)
Exhibitor, Royal Academy, Berlin (3 Silver
Medals); Berlin, 1844 (Bronze Medal); Lon-
don, 1851 (Bronze Medal); Munich, 1854
(Medal of Honour); London, Workmen's Ex-
hibition, 1865 (Silver Medal); 1866 (Bronze
Medal); Paris, 1867 (Bronze Medal); Lon-
don, 1870 (Silver Cross); The Society of Arts
1865 (Prize for Hammerwork).
;-
Engert, A. C., & Co., Patent Machine-
made Ornamented Moulding Manufacturers,
75 and 82, City Road, and 31 and 32,
Tabernacle Row, London, E.C. Ornamented
mouldings for Picture Frames and Architec-
tural Decorations in continuous lengths. (242)
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (Medal); Paris
Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Silver Medal).
Hieronimus, W., Manufacturer of Patent
Washable Gilt Mouldings, &c., 19 and 53,
City Road, London, E.C. Patterns of frame
mouldings, window cornices, decorating mould-
ings, &c.
(243)
Exhibitor, Dublin, 1865 (First-class Medal);
Stettin, 1865 (Prize Medal).
Steel & Garland, Stove, Grate, and
Fender Manufacturers, Wharncliffe Works,
Sheffield. Burnished Steel Grates, with en-
riched Porcelain Tiles; Fenders; Encaustic
Tile hearths; Hot-air Stoves, with China
Tiles; Fire Irons, Independent Fire Iron
Rests for Tile hearths, Dog Grates for Turf
Fires, &c.
(244)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention).
Feetham, Mark, &
Co., Stove Makers,
Engineers, Artistic Metal Workers, &c., 9,
Clifford Street, London, W. Stoves and
grates for warming rooms, with fenders, fire
irons, and other appliances; decorated china
(245)
applied to fireplaces.
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862, 1873
(Medals); Paris, 1855 and 1867 (Medals)
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Heaps & Wheatley, Manufacturers of
Patent Cooking and other Stoves, Aire and
Cl. 219,
443.

Cl. 220.

Cl. 220.
Cl. 222.
Cl. 222.
Cl. 222.

160
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 222.
Cl. 222,
503.
Cl. 222.
Cl. 222.
Calder Stove Works, Brotherton, Yorkshire.
"The Perfect Cooking Stove," portable, heated
by petroleum, or other oils. “The Perfect
Gas Stove," boiling water, steaming vege-
tables, and roasting meat all at the same time
with two gas burners only; also portable cir-
culating hot water boilers, &c.
(246)
Exhibitors, Pontefract Annual Show, 1875
(Silver Medal); Yorkshire Exhibition at Leeds,
1875 (Medal for Special and General Utility);
Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Bronze
Medal).
Perkins, A. M., & Son, Civil Engi-
neers, Seaford Street, Regent Square, Gray's
Inn Road, London, E.C. Steam oven for
marine use. IN MACHINERY HALL. (247)
Gregory, James, Cooking Apparatus
Manufacturer, South Park, Lincoln. Agricul-
tural Labourer's Patent Cooking Apparatus,
Patent Lime Trough, Patent Lime Plunger,
Patent Mortar Temperer, Patent Upward Fire
Escape, continuous Screw Hoist. Patent
Downward Fire Escape, Continuous Screw.
Patent Hoist.
(248)
Exhibitor, London, 1873, 1874 (Medals);
Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Merit).
Thornton, Ebenezer, Ironmonger, Hot
Water and Gas Engineer,12, Richmond Road,
Bradford, Yorkshire. Patent Domestic Cook-
ing Stove, may be heated by gas or solid fuel as
coal, wood, &c., having two "ovens, the upper
one heated by the draught before it enters
the chimney; Patent Boiler behind to keep
300 gallons of water at or near boiling point
for Baths, &c.; Hot Plate for Boiling Utensils,
and small open
open fire for Roasting. IN MACHI-
(249)
Exhibitor, Cheetham Mills Exhibition, Man-
chester, 1875 (Silver Medal from Society for
the Promotion of Scientific Industry).
NERY HALL.
with
Clough, Samuel Wesley, Butler Place,
Stanningley, near Leeds. (Manufacturer,
Joseph Pitt, Ironfounder, Cleckheaton. Ame-
rican Agent, Mr. Benjamin Stainsby, Newark,
New Jersey.) Patentee of the Yorkshire
Grates to fit any existing chimneys, with
one or more ovens for baking or roasting.
Four inches of fire is sufficient for two ovens,
each oven is heated on five sides, securing
an equal heat, so that neither bread nor meat
requires turning. Boilers and ventilating ap-
paratus can be affixed. Kitchen Grate, Room
Grate specially adapted for Railway Companies'
Offices, Waiting Rooms, &c.
(250)
2
Exhibitor, London, 1874 (Medal); Man-
chester, 1874; Leeds, 1875 (Certificate).
Smartt, Walter, Patentee, &c., Queen's-
Road, Buckhurst Hill, Essex, N.E." Sub-
fire Oven."
Cl. 222.
(251)
CL. 222,
223.
Exhibitor, London, 1873 (Medal).
Gardner, John, & Sons, 453, Strand,
London. Lamps, travelling, Government, and
other patterns. Lamps, Ship's Cabin, new
designs. Reading and Study Lamps, new
designs in Electro-plate. Travelling Canteens.
Lamps, Arctic Expedition, 1875 (Silver Medal,
Paris, 1875.) Patent Safety Magazine (Silver
Medal, Paris, 1875.)
(252)
Whitwell, Thomas. See Cl. 100, 111,
506.
Skelton & Co., 37, Essex Street,
Strand, London, W.C. Street lamp with
Skelton's Patent Catoptric Reflectors. (253)
Exhibitors, London, 1872, 1874; Vienna,
1873 (Diploma of Merit).
Partridge & Co., Gaselier Makers, 89,
Lombard Street, Birmingham. Brass gase-
liers, brackets, &c.
(254)
Exhibitors, Amsterdam, 1869 (Medal);
Lyons, 1872 (Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma
of Merit).
Kimpton, Thomas, Surveyor, 2 & 3, Bar-
nard's Inn, Holborn, London W.C. "Magnetic
Water Waste Preventer," Apparatus for regu-
lating supply, and prevention of waste of water
in cisterns and closets and other appertain-
ing, self-cleansing, and self-acting appliances,
"Mercurial” Gas Regulator for economizing
the consumption by regulating supply and
pressure of gas. "Pneumatic Sound Com-
municator," available for passengers to com-
municate with guard on railway trains in
motion, also to communicate with distant parts
of a building.mpit de
Exhibitor, Paris, 1867.
(255)
Pullinger, Colin (a Village Mechanic),
Inventor and Manufacturer, Selsey, near Chi-
chester, Sussex. 1. A newly invented Self-
acting Sifter; 2. Improved Cask Stand; 3.
Improved Tapping Mallet; 4. Improved Sul-
phur Blower to destroy mildew or blight on
Vines, Hops, Flowers, &c.; 5. Automatic Mouse
Trap; 6. Perpetual Mouse Trap; 7. Self-
acting Mouse Trap; 8. Dead-Fall Mouse
Trap; 9. An improved Eel Spear. Im-
proved Morticing Chisels to cut both ends
and sides at once; Improved Planes, to keep
Cl. 222.
CI. 223.
Cl. 223.

CI. 223,
226.
Cl. 224,2
280.
DEPARTMENT II.
161
-CLASSES 228–234. mapINTS
Cl. 224,
103.
Cl. 224.
the mouth always fine; Improved Bradawl,
to drive in and jump out again; Improved
Brace.
354 (256)
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (Hon. Mention);
Royal Society for Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals, 1864 (Hon. Mention); Workmen's
International Exhibition, 1870 (Silver Medal).
*g*
Busse, G., & Co., Charcoal Water
Filter Manufacturers, 8, South Street, Fins-
bury, London, E.C. Charcoal water filters
of every description; high pressure filters;
and cement.
(257)
Cheavin, George, Wide Bargate Filter
Works, Boston, Lincolnshire. Improved
Patent rapid Gold Medal Water Filters. (258)
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (Medal); Hull,
1873 (Silver Medal); Royal Agricultural
Society, Long Sutton Association, 1873 (Gold
and Silver Medals); Sanitary Exhibition,
Norwich, 1873 (Diploma of Honour); Chester
Agricultural Society, 1873 (Silver Medal);
Lincolnshire Agricultural Society, Gainsboro',
1873 (Two President's Medals); London, 1874
(Bronze Medal); Manchester, Liverpool, and
Royal North Lancashire Society, 1874;
(Silver Medal); Long Sutton Association,
1874 (Silver Medal); Ormskirk and South-
port Agricultural Society,1874 (Silver Medal);
Manchester and Salford, 1874 (Two Silver
Medals); Northamptonshire, Agricultural
Society, 1875 (Silver Medal); Manchester,
1875 (First Prize Medal); Yorkshire Exhi-
bition, 1875 (First Prize Medal); Long Sutton
Association, 1875 (Silver Medal).
Kent, George, 199, 200, and 201, High
Holborn, London. Patent Rotary Knife
Cleaning Machine.
(259)
Exhibitor, London, 1851, 1862; Leipzig,
1858; Nice, 1865; Cologne, 1865; Dublin,
1865, New Zealand, 1865 ; Paris, 1867 ; Berar,
India, 1868; Amsterdam, 1869; Vienna, 1873.
Etzensberger, Robert Zurich, Manager,
Midland Grand Hotel, St. Pancras, London,
N.W. Patent Coffee Filter.
Roby, George. See Cl. 596.
Jennings, George. See Cl. 206.
Dean, Henry. See Cl. 206.
Cl. 224.
Cl. 224.
(260)
Cl. 224.
Cl. 224.
Cl. 226.
Cl. 227.
Edwards, G., 149,Brompton Road, London.
Sliding Window Sashes and Frame, showing an
improved Fastening, Self-acting and Burglar-
proof, which tightens the Sashes and prevents
draught, admission of dust, and rattling of
windows. "Edwards' Patent."
(261)
Bullivant, Thomas, Builder, 104, Led-
Patent
bury Road, Bayswater, London, W.
air-tight noiseless sliding sash window for the
exclusion of air, dust, and moisture, when
closed, and the prevention of accidents from
cleaning windows externally. Patented Eng-
land and America.
(262)
Roberts, William, Venetian Blind Manu-
facturer, 139, Derby Road, Bootle, near Liver-
pool. A Self-acting Painting Machine for
Venetian Blinds, Laths, Hoop Iron, and
other purposes.
(263)
Cl. 227.

Cl. 227.
Cl. 228,
683.
YARNS AND WOVEN GOODS OF VEGETABLE OR MINERAL MATERIALS.
CLASS 228.-Woven fabrics of mineral origin.-Wire cloths, sieve cloth,wire screens,bolting cloth.
Asbestos fibre, spun and woven, with the clothing manufactured from it.
Glass thread, floss and fabrics.
CLASS 229.-Coarse fabrics, of grass, rattan, cocoa nut, and bark.
Mattings, Chinese, Japanese, palm-leaf, grass, and rushes.
Floor cloths of rattan and cocoa nut fibre, aloe fibre, etc.
CLASS 230.-Cotton yarns and fabrics, bleached and unbleached.
Cotton sheeting and shirting, plain and twilled.
Cotton canvas and duck. Awnings, tents.
CLASS 231.-Dyed cotton fabrics, exclusive of prints and calicoes.
CLASS 232.-Cotton prints and calicoes, including handkerchiefs, scarfs, etc.
CLASS 233.-Linen and other vegetable fabrics, uncoloured or dyed.
CLASS 234.-Floor oil cloths, and other painted and enamelled tissues, and imitation of
leather, with a woven base.
Brown, J. B., & Co.,Galvanized Wire Net-
ting Manufacturers. Offices, 90,Cannon Street,
London, E.C. Manufactory, 240, New Kent
Road, London, S.E. Galvanized wire netting
36714.
for enclosing poultry, pheasants, and dogs;
for aviaries, also field and garden enclosures
or divisions, of any desired length. (270)
Exhibitors, Paris,
Paris, 1867; Amsterdam,
L
162
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. —BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 228.
Cl. 228.
Cl. 228.
Cl. 229,
233.
Cl. 229,
233.
Cl. 229,
233.
Cl. 229,
276.
1869 ("Mention Extraordinaire,"); Vienna,
1873 (Medal for Merit); Bremen, 1874
(Medal for Merit).
Greening (N.) & Sons, Wire Manufac-
turers, Warrington. Woven wire of superior
strength, width, and regularity of meshes,
for rice, flour, mining and other mills, woven
by steam power.
(271)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1867. (Prize Medals.)
Barnard, Bishop, & Barnards.
Cl. 217, 222, 225, 443.
See
Corcoran, Witt, & Co. See Cl 322,
673, 674.
Cox, Brothers, Merchants, Spinners,
Manufacturers of all classes of Jute goods,
Calenderers, Dyers and Bleachers, Camper-
down Linen
Linen Works, Lochee, Dundee,
Scotland. Jute yarns, Twines, &c., &c. (272)
Exhibitors, London, 1851; Paris, 1855.
Sandeman, Frank Stewart, Spinner
and Manufacturer, Manhattan Works, Dun-
dee, Scotland; New York Agent, E. C. Whit-
man, 77 and 79, Thomas Street. Linen
and Jute Yarns; Carpet Yarns, Linen and
Jute manufactures. Burlaps, Baggings, Canvas
Paddings, Duck Grain Bags, Coffee Sacks,
Hop Sackings, Serim Cloth, Horse Covers,
and Lap Robes.
(273)
Laird, William, & Co., Linen Manufac-
turers, Canmore Linen Works and Forfar
Power Loom Works, Forfar, Scotland. Textile
fabrics. Woven Goods, comprising varieties
of Dices, Washed Damasks, Fancy Towel-
lings, American Crashes, Butchers' Linen,
Checked Laprobes and Horsecloths, Plain and
Twilled Sheetings, Osnaburgs, Stair Covering,
Patent Seamless Bags, Jute and Tow Hes-
sians, Striped Beddings, Paddings, Ducks,
Buckram, &c.
(274)
Liverpool Spun Oakum Company,
The, 9, North John Street; Works, 3 Beacon
Street, Liverpool. Oakum. "Archibald's "
Patent Machine Spun, ready for caulking.
"Archibald's " Patent Machine Spun and
Unspun, made from standing rigging only,
for Government and special purposes. Unspun,
manufactured by machinery. Stypium. Pure
-Antiseptic Dressing, for hospital use. (275)
Neilson, Storer, & Sons, Thorn Mills,
Johnstone, near Paisley. Cotton Spinners of
Thread yarns, Hosiery yarns, and extra spun
down yarns for special purposes. Manufac-
turers of Knitting, Mending, and other Cot-
tons. Doublers of yarns for Lace, Curtain,
and Fancy Dress manufacturers.
(276)
Ashworth, Edmund, & Sons, Cotton
Spinners and Thread Manufacturers. Works,
Egerton Mills, Bolton, Lancashire. Ware-
houses, 79, Wood Street, London, E.C.; 64,
Fountain Street, Manchester; 52, White
Street, New York; 38, Schnurgasse, Frank-
fort-on-Maine. Cotton in various stages,
illustrating the manufacture from the raw
material to the finished thread on spools. Cop
yarns, Double yarns, Sewing cottons; white,
black, and colours, in Patent Glacé and Six
Cord, for Machine or Hand Use. Crochet, Em-
broidery, Knitting and Mending cottons and
Glove cottons, Linen Finish thread, suitable
for shoemakers, tailors, &c., and Polished
yarns.
(277)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal); Paris,
1867 (Gold Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Progress).
Dewhurst, John, & Sons, Cotton Spin-
ners and Sewing Cotton Manufacturers, Belle
Vue Mills, Skipton, Yorkshire. Sewing cotton
finished and in various stages of its manu-
facture.
(278)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Brook, Jonas, & Bros., Sewing Cotton
Manufacturers, Meltham Mills, Huddersfield.
Patent Glacé and Six Cord Soft Finish Spool
Cotton for Hand and Machine Work, white
and coloured; Crochet and Embroidery
Cotton.
(279)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (only Prize
Medal), 1862 (Prize Medal); Paris, 1855
(only First-class Medal); 1867 (Gold Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (only Diploma of Honour).
Clark, John, jun., & Co., Sewing Cotton
Manufacturers, Mile End, Glasgow, Scotland.
Sole agent for United States, Thomas Russell,
19, Mercer Street, New York. Specimens of
Spool Cotton for Hand and Machine use. (280)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medal);
New York, 1853 (Medal); Paris, 1855
(Medal).
Barlow & Jones (Limited), Spinners,
Manufacturers, and Printers, 2, Portland
Cl. 230.
Cl. 230,
665.
க்
Cl. 230.
Cl. 230.
Cl. 230.

Cl. 230.
DEPARTMENT II. CLASSES 228-234.
163
Cl. 230.
Cl. 230,
232.
Cl. 230.
Cl. 230.
232.
Cl. 230,
246.
Cl. 230,
231.
Street, Manchester. Toilet quilts, Covers, and
Mats; Quiltings, White and Printed Damasks,
Cloakings, Cotton Towels, Blankets, Alham-
bras and Counterpanes, Plain and Fancy
Muslins, &c.
(281)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal).
Swainson, Birley, & Co., Cotton Spinner
and Manufacturers, Fishwick Mills, Preston,
27, Portland Street, Manchester, and 42,
Cheapside, London, E.C. Bleached Cotton
fabrics, including Long Cloths, Heavy and
Medium Shirtings, and Plain and Fancy
Muslins.
(282)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Prize Medal);
Moscow, 1872 (Gold Medal); Vienna, 1873
(Diploma of Merit).
Johnson, Jabez, & Fildes, Manufac-
turers, 44, Spring Gardens, Manchester, and
Moor Mills, Bolton. Toilet, Marseilles and
Alhambra quilts, and other Bed Covers,
Quiltings of all kinds, Toilet or Bureau
Covers, Brocades, Cotton and Linen Damasks,
Dimities, Muslins, and Printed Cretons,
Towels, Dress Fabrics, &c., &c.
(283)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Paris, 1855, 1867 (Medal); Vienna, 1873
(Diploma of Merit).
Pearson, Thomas, & Son, Victoria
Mills, Little Bolton, and 54, Church Street,
Manchester. Manufacturers of Toilet,
Marseilles, Alexandra, Household, and
Alhambra Quilts, Quiltings, Toilet Covers, and
Mats.
(284)
Hawkins, John, & Sons, Cotton Spinners
and Manufacturers, 8, Faulkner Street, Man-
chester, and 44, Bread Street, London, E.C.;
Works, Preston, Lancashire. Plain and
Twilled Calicoes and Prints.
(285)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867.
(Medals.)
Wilson, T. & D., & Co., 145, Ingram
Street, Glasgow. Muslins, Plain and Fancy;
also Tapestries in Silk and Wool, &c. (286)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal).
Ferguson Brothers, Holme Head Works,
near Carlisle. Plain satteens made wholly of
Cotton, and Silk striped Satteens being Cotton
with silk stripes, for tailors' linings. (287)
Wild, John, Cotton Manufacturer,
Greenfield Mills, Shaw, near Oldham. Wild's
patent fast pile twilled back cotton plush
velveteens.
(288)
Schwabe, Salis, & Co., Calico Printers,
Rhodes Works, near Middleton, and 41,
George Street, Manchester. Cotton Prints
for Garments, Chintzes, and Furnitures. (289)
Simpson & King, Cotton Manufacturers,
7, York Street, Manchester. Printed Cotton
Furniture Fabrics.
(290)
McBride, Robert, & Co., Manufacturers,
by Power and Hand, of Plain and Fancy
Muslin, Linen, and Union fabrics, 4, Bedford
Street, Belfast. Cotton and mixed cotton
and linen goods.
(291)
Richardson, J. N., Sons, & Owden,
Linen Manufacturers and Bleachers, 1, Done-
gall Square North, Belfast. Manufactory at
Lurgan, Bleach Works at Lisburn, Branch
Houses at London and New York. Linen
goods, consisting of Shirtings, Frontings,
Pillow Linens, Bed Sheetings, Napkins, Table
Damasks, Pocket Handkerchiefs, Bird's-eye
Diapers, Ladies Dress Lawns, Linens, Hollands
and Rough Browns, &c.
(292)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1865; Dublin, 1865, 1872. (Medals.)
Matier, Henry, & Co., Linen and Hand-
kerchief Manufacturers, Clarence Place, Bel-
fast. Bleached and printed linens, linen
cambric and linen handkerchiefs, plain, hem-
stitched, printed, and embroidered. (293)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal); Paris,
1867 (Silver Medal).
Ainsworth, Thomas, Flax Spinner and
Linen Thread Manufacturer, Cleator Mills,
Cleator, near Whitehaven, Cumberland.
Linen Threads for Sewing machines, and
Wax Sewing Machines, Linen Threads for
Hand Sewing; Linen Towels.
(294)
Exhibitor, London, 1862; Paris, 1867 ;
Amsterdam, 1869; Vienna, 1873.
Normand, James, & Sons, Linen Manu-
facturers, Dysart, Fifeshire, Scotland. Linens
for housekeeping, such as Table Linen, Towel-
lings and Crash Rollerings, Pillow and
Butchers' Linen, Sheeting, Damask Floor
Cloth, Stair Cloth and Stair Drills, Paddings,
Nursery Diaper, and Shoe Linings. (295)
Exhibitors, New York, 1853; London, 1862
(Hon. Mention).
Cl. 231.
Cl. 232.
Cl. 232.
Cl. 233.
Cl. 233.
Cl. 233.

Cl. 233.
Cl. 233.
L 2
164
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 233.
Cl. 233.
Cl. 233.
Cl. 233.
Cl. 233.
Cl. 233.
Marshall & Co., Flax Spinners, Linen,
and Linen Thread Manufacturers, Leeds and
Shrewsbury. Linen sewing threads, threads
for use on sewing machines.
(296)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress).
Dunbar, M'Master, & Co., Flax
Spinners, Linen Thread Manufacturers, and
Bleachers, Gilford, co. Down, Ireland. Linen
threads for hand and machine sewing, for
knitting and crochet, for lace, for fishing nets,
&c., grey and bleached yarns, for weaving
linen, damasks, drills, cambrics, &c. (297)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Prize Medal for
"Great General Excellence"); Dublin, 1865
(Medal for "Superior Quality").
Dicksons, Ferguson, & Co., Linen Ma-
nufacturers and Bleachers, Linen Hall Street,
Belfast. Linens bleached and unbleached,
Handkerchiefs in every variety, Damasks of
all descriptions, Towelling, Glass and Tea
Cloth in great variety, Drills, Bird-eye
Diaper, Costume Linens, Turkish Towels,
Shoe Linings, Tailors' Linens, Blouse Linen,
and Linen Bed Ticks.
(298)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867; Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Progress).
The Greenmount Spinning Com-
pany, Linen and Cotton Manufacturers,
Greenmount Factory, Harold's Cross, Dublin,
and 40 and 42, Upper Queen Street, Belfast.
Damasks, Drills, Glass Cloths, Towellings,
and other Linen and Cotton goods for domestic
and clothing purposes.
(299)
Brown, John S., & Sons, Manufacturers
by Hand and Power; Warehouses, Bedford
Street, Belfast; 16, King Street, Cheapside,
London, E.C.; and 53, Mercer Street, New
York. Table Linen, Diapers, Sheetings,
Shirting Linen, Lawns, Linen and Cambric
Handkerchiefs, bleached and unbleached, and
yarns used in their manufacture.
(300)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862, 1870 (Gold
Medal); Dublin, 1865, 1872; Paris, 1867
(Gold Medal); Belfast, 1870.
*
Ullathorne & Co., Spinners, Manufac-
turers, and Wholesale Grindery Warehouse-
men, 12, Gate Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
London, W.C. Flax Mills, Barnard Castle,
Durham. Shoe threads, Saddler's Threads,
Heel Balls, Shoe Findings.
(301)
Fenton, Connor, & Co., Linen Manu-
facturers, Bleachers, and Merchants, Linen
Hall, Belfast. White Linens of all kinds.
Cambric, and Cambric Handkerchiefs, Linen
Damask and Table Linen of all kinds. Sheet-
ing and Family Linens, Dress Linens, and
Clothing Goods; Bleached and Brown Linen
Ducks, Drills, Huckaback, &c.; Printed Shirt-
ings and Lawn Dress Goods.
(302)
Exhibitors, Dublin Exhibition of Manu-
factures, 1841 (Silver Medal); 1865, Inter-
national (Bronze Medal); London, 1851
(Three Bronze Medals); 1862 (Bronze Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Gold Medal); Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Progress).
The York Street Flax Spinnning
Company (Limited), 87, Henry Street,
Belfast. The various classes of Linen Piece
Goods suited to the United States, including
Ladies' Prints and Dress Linens, Household
Linens, Drills, Ducks, and Sheetings, and
Men's Wear, Shirtings and Frontings. (303)
Exhibitors, New York, 1853 (Medal).
Ewart, William, and Sons, Flax
Spinners, Linen Manufacturers and Bleachers,
Belfast, Ireland. Linen fabrics.
(304)
Hall, Thomas, House Decorator, 8, George
Street, Edinburgh. Hand-Painted cloths in imi-
tation of tapestry, for wall decoration. (305)
Boulinikon Floor Cloth and Manu-
facturing Company, The, Limited, Pa-
tent Floor Cloth Manufacturers, Worsley
Street, Salford, Manchester. London Ware-
house, 76, Queen Street, Cheapside, London,
E.C. Agents for the United States, A. T.
Stewart & Co., New York. Patent "Boulini-
kon" floor cloth, warm, carpet-like and imper-
meable to damp.
(306)
Exhibitors, Manchester and Leeds, 1875
(Prize Medals).
Wellock, J., & Co., Manufacturers of
Oil Cloths, Cart and Waggon Covers, &c., 62
and 64, Broom Street, Bradford, Yorkshire.
Waterproof materials for Cart and Waggon
Covers. IN Grounds.
(307)
Tull, Glanvill, & Co., Floor Covering
Manufacturers, Crown Works, Roupell Street,
Lambeth, London, S.E. Floor coverings,
composed of a preparation of oil mixed with
ground cork; also a similar material made of
India-rubber and cork.
(308)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention).
Cl. 233.
Cl. 233.
Cl. 233.
Cl. 234.
Cl. 234.

Cl. 234.
Cl. 234.
DEPARTMENT II-CLASSES 235-241.
-CLASSES 235-241, mornata!
165
Cl. 234.
Nairn, Michael, & Co., Floor Cloth
Manufacturers, Kirkaldy, Scotland.
Floor
Oil Cloths.
(309)
Corticine Patent Floor Covering Co.,
115, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.
Corticine Patent Floor Covering.
(310)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal).
Cl. 234.
**
Cl. 235.
Cl. 235.
Cl. 235.
Cl. 235,
238.
WOVEN AND FELTED GOODS OF WOOL AND MIXTURES OF WOOL.
CLASS 235.-Card wool fabrics.-Yarns, broadcloth, doeskins, fancy cassimeres. Felted goods.
CLASS 236.-Flannels.-Plain flannels, domets, opera and fancy.
CLASS 237.-Blankets, robes, and shawls.
CLASS 238.-Combined wool fabrics.--Worsteds, yarns, dress goods for women's wear, delaines,
serges, poplins, merinoes.
CLASS 239.-Carpets, rugs, etc. Brussels, Melton, tapestry, tapestry Brussels, Axminster,
Venetian, ingrain, felted carpetings, druggets, rugs, etc.
CLASS 240.-Hair, alpaca, goat's hair, camel's hair, and other fabrics, mixed or unmixed with
wool.
CLASS 241.-Printed and embossed woollen cloths, table covers, patent velvets.
Marling & Co., Woollen Cloth Manufac-
turers, Ebley and Stanley Mills, Stroud,
Gloucestershire. Wool in the Raw, Scoured,
and Dyed states; Woollen Superfine Cloths,
Beavers, Venetians, Doeskins, Deerskins,
Cassimeres, &c., in black, blue, and medley
colours.
(320)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Paris, 1867 (Medal, and a Gold Medal was
given collectively to the District).
Davies, Robert S., & Sons, Woollen
Manufacturers, Stonehouse Mills, Gloucester-
shire. Fine Black, Blue and Scarlet Cloths,
Doeskins, Venetians, Meltons, Coatings,
Beavers, &c.
(321)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal); 1862
(Hon. Mention); Paris, 1867 (Medal, with
other Exhibitors from this District).
Hooper, Charles, & Company, Super-
tine Woollen Cloth Manufacturers, Eastington
Fine
Mills, Stonehouse, Gloucestershire.
Woollens, West of England Superfine Broad
Cloths, Superfine Scarlet and other Military
Cloths, Superfine Doeskins, Beavers, Elysians,
Kerseys, Meltons, Twilled and "Hooper's"
Coatings and Trowserings.
(322)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress, and Cross
of the Order of Francis Joseph).
Birchall, J. D., & Co., Woollen Manu-
facturers, Wellington Street and Burley Mills,
Leeds. Plain and fancy woollen and worsted
goods.
(323)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867
(Prize Medals); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Merit).
Carr, Isaac, & Co., Woollen Manufac-
turers, Twerton Mills, Bath, England. Wool-
len cloths. Single milled and treble milled
Meltons, Oriental Twills, Patent, Fur, and
Elysian Beavers.
(324)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Bronze
Medals, and Special Gold Medal from New
South Wales, 1862); New York, 1853 (Bronze
Medal); Paris, 1867 (Bronze Medal).
Bliss, Wm., & Son, Fancy Wool-
len Manufacturers, Chipping Norton, Oxon.
3/4 and 6/4 wide Tweeds of all kinds, 6/4
wide Woollen Serges of every description and
colour, Woollen Shawls in great variety,
Mauds for railway travelling, Mauds and Rugs
for Railway Travelling, Saddler's Woollens of
every variety.
(325)
Mahony, Martin, & Brothers, Woollen
Manufacturers; Factory, Blarney; Ware-
house, 3, Camden Quay, Cork. Double warp
All wool Tweeds made of Australian wool.
Mangerton Tweeds, the Tuskar Boating Serge,
Indigo Blue; Worsted Coatings, the Tara
Frieze, Railway Travelling Wraps.
(326)
Exhibitors, Dublin, 1865 (Medal); Paris,
Cl. 235.

Cl. 235,
237.
Cl. 235,
237, 238.
166
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 235.
Cl. 235.
Cl. 235,
237.
Cl, 235,
238.
Cl. 235,
238.
Cl. 235.
Cl. 235,
550.
1867 (Medal); London, 1871 (Certificate of
Merit); Royal Dublin Society Shows (Seven
Silver Medals).
Salter, Samuel, & Co., Woollen Manu-
facturers, Home Mills, Trowbridge, Wiltshire.
Plain and Fancy Trowserings and 6/4
Coatings.
(327)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Prize Medal);
1862 (Prize Medal); Paris, 1867 (Gold
Medal).
King, William, Manufacturer, Gillroyd
and Albert Mills, Morley, Leeds. Black and
Coloured Union and Melton Cloths. (328)
Exhibitor, London, 1871; Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Merit).
Hepworth, B., & Sons, Manufacturers,
New Wakefield Mills, Dewsbury, Yorkshire.
Carriage and Travelling Rugs and Railway
Knee Wrappers in woven cloths, sealskins, and
fancy makes, and in innumerable variety of
styles. Horse Rugs and Rugging in fawns,
&c.
(329)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867; Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Progress).
Hargreave & Nusseys, Woollen Manu-
facturers, Farnley Low Mills, Leeds. Worsted
and Woollen Coatings, Woollen Coatings,
Worsted Coatings in Blue-black, in summer
and winter weights, Overcoatings, Kerseys,
Meltons, Carriage and other descriptions of
Wollen Cloths.
(330)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 and 1862; Paris,
1855, 1867. (Medals.)
Andrews, Henry, & Co., Woollen Manu-
facturers, 29, Albion Street, Leeds. Worsted
coatings, wool and union cloths, and wool
meltons.
(331)
Bubb & Co., Cloth Manufacturers, South-
fields Mills, near Stroud. Woollen cloths,
Black, Blue, and Scarlet; Superfines; Green
Billiards; Government and Piano Cloths. (332)
The then proprietors of the Mill exhibited
at London, 1851, 1862 (Prize Medal "for
very superior finish ").
Anderson, David, & Son, Patent Felt
Manufacturers, Lagan FeltWorks, Belfast, Ire-
land; and 23 and 231, Billiter Street, London,
E.C. Roofing and Flooring Felt, ready coated
and sanded, for Anderson's Prepared Patent
Roofs and Floors; Patent Roofing Felt (requir-
ing coating) making a cheap, durable, and water-
proof roof; Lining Felt for lining under slate,
zine, and iron, etc., as a non-conductor, and
to deaden sound; Ship Sheathing Felt, Brown
and Black, for covering ships' bottoms under
copper, to preserve the timber and prevent the
ravages of the worm; Non-conducting dry
hair felts for covering boilers and steam pipes,
effecting a saving in fuel and deadening
sound. IN MACHINERY HALL.
(333)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1867; and Vienna, 1873.
Brigg, J. F., & Co., Commission and
General Merchants, Huddersfield, Yorkshire.
Beavers, all wool, Coatings, all wool, Wool
and Cotton, Silk and Wool, Fancy Worsted,
Cheviot, Cassimeres, all Wool, Wool and
Cotton, Silk and Wool, Silk and Worsted,
Fancy Worsted, all Cotton, Carriage and
Livery Cloths, Drills, Linen and Cotton,
Ducks Linen, Black Doeskins, Elysians all
Wool and Cotton Warp, Meltons and Kerseys,
Pilots all Wool and Cotton Warp, Plain
Superfine Black and Coloured Cloths, Rugs,
Sealskins, Mohair and Calfhair, Vestings and
Quiltings, Velvets, all Cotton and Patent
Velveteens, Union Cloths, Witneys and
Reversible Coatings.
(834)
M'Tear & Co., Asphalte Felt Manufac-
turers, Works, Corporation Street, Belfast,
Ireland; St. Benet Chambers, Fenchurch
Street, London, E.C.; 54, Portland Street,
Manchester. Manufactured Roofing, Ship
Sheathing, and Inodorous Felt, and Model of
Roof. IN MACHINERY HALL.
(335)
Engert & Rolfe, Felt Manufacturers,
Poplar New Town, London, E. Asphalted Felt
for roofing; Inodorous Felt for lining Roofs
and Iron Houses; Fibrous Asphalte, anti-
damp course for walls; non-conducting Hair
Felt for covering boilers, &c.; Sheathing
Felt for putting under the metal on bottoms
of ships. Sheathing Thick Felt for putting
between planking or between wood and iron
of ships. IN MACHINERY HALL. (336)
Exhibitors, Havre, 1868 (Bronze Medal);
Amsterdam, 1869 (Bronze Medal); Naples,
1871 (Bronze Medal); Moscow, 1872 (Grand
Silver Medal); Lyons, 1872 (Bronze Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Merit); London,
1874 (Bronze Medal); Paris, 1875 (Bronze
Medal),
Cl. 235,
238.
Cl. 235,
550.
Cl. 235,
550.

#
DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 235-241. a* Preafer
167
Cl. 235.
Cl. 236.
Cl. 236,
237.
Cl. 237.
Cl. 237.
Cl. 238,
246.
Cl. 238.
CL, 239.
Cl. 239.
Little, T. W., & Co., Leeds. Mantle
Cloths, Waterproof Tweeds, Fancy Mixed
Union Bird's-eyes, Twills, Meltons, Blue and
Black Deerskins and Diagonals. (337)
Jones, Pryce, Manufacturer, Newtown,
North Wales. Welsh flannel, Powysland Home
spuns, Shawls, Tweeds, Yarns, &c. (338)
Exhibitor, Aberystwith, 1865, Grand Na-
tional Eisteddfod Exhibition of Wales (First
Prize, Gold Medal); Chester, 1866, Grand
National Eisteddfod Exhibition of Wales
(First Prize, Silver Medal); Ruthin, 1867
(First Prize, Gold Medal); Carmarthen,
1868 (First Prize, Silver Medal); Vienna,
1873 (Medal for Merit); Paris Maritime Ex-
hibition, 1875 (Silver Medal).
Buckley, Joseph, & Co., Shawl and
Flannel Manufacturers, Moorcroft Mills,
Delph, near Manchester. Shawls, Raised
Fancies, Rob Roys and Shepherds. (339)
Buckley, J. E. & G. F., Linfitts Mill,
Delph, near Manchester. Queensland and
Beaver Shawls.
(340)
Farmer & Rogers, 171, 173, and 175,
Regent Street, London, W. Cashmere
shawls. Exhibited in INDIAN SECTION.
Pim Brothers & Company, Manufac-
turers of Irish Poplins and Furniture Broca-
telles, &c., 22, William Street, Dublin. Irish
poplins, plain, fancy, figured, brocaded, tartans,
&c. (for ladies' dresses). Silk Terries and
Brocatelles, plain, figured, and brocaded (for
curtains, furniture coverings, &c.). (341)
Exhibitors, Dublin, 1850, 1865, 1872;
London, 1851, 1862, 1873; New York, 1853;
Paris, 1855, 1867; Oporto, 1865. (All First
Prize Medals.) Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Progress).
Williams, E. G., & Co., Export Mer-
chants, Bradford, Yorkshire. Textile fabrics
used for dress goods. Black Alpacas, Bom-
bazines, Cords, Crapes, Cobourgs, Italians,
Mohairs, Serge, and Fancy Styles of Coat
Linings, Silk Warp Henriettas, Coloured
Alpacas and Cobourgs, Plain and Fancy
Dress Goods.
(342)
Lewis, John, Carpet Manufacturer, India
Buildings, Halifax, Yorkshire. Brussels and
Wilton carpets.
(343)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Progress Medal).
Lapworth Brothers, Carpet Manufac-
turers, 22, Old Bond Street, London, W.
Three carpets, and Rugs.
(344)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855, 1867; Vienna, 1873.
Robinson, Vincent, & Co., Oriental Car-
pet Merchants, 38, Welbeck Street, London,
W. Carpets and Rugs woven entirely of
Wool, Silk, or Cotton, from India, Persia, Cash-
mere, Affghanistan, and Central Asia. (345)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855, 1867; Vienna, 1873.
Tomkinson
Adam, Axminster
Carpet and Rug Manufacturers, Kidder-
minster, and 78, Newgate Street, London,
E.C. Axminster carpets woven in one piece
without seam.
(346)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Honour).
Templeton, J. & J. S., Carpet Manufac-
turers, Crownpoint Road, Glasgow, N.B.
Brussels and Wilton carpeting, also Silk and
Wool Window Curtains.
(347)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
Paris, 1867 (Bronze Medal); Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Merit).
Templeton, James, & Co., Carpet Manu-
facturers, William Street, Glasgow, N.B. Ax-
minster Carpets woven in one piece, Breadth
Carpeting, Hearth Rugs.
(348)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (1st Class
Medals); Paris, 1855 (1st Class Medal);
1867 (Gold Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Progress).
Henderson & Co., Carpet Manufacturers,
Durham. Durham Axminster woven by
power (patented).
(349)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Hon. Mention);
1862 (Medal); Paris, 1855 (Medal); 1867
(Silver Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Merit).
Gregory & Co., Carpet Merchants, Cabinet
Makers, and Upholsterers, 212 and 214, Regent
Street, London, W. Indian and Persian
Carpets.
(350)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867;
Vienna, 1873.
Cl. 239.
Cl. 239.
Cl. 239,
246.
Cl. 239.
Cl. 239.

Cl. 239.
Crossley, John, and Sons, Limited,
Dean Clough Mills, Halifax, Yorkshire. Car-
pets of various kinds, Rugs, Sofa Carpets,
Table Covers, &c.
Cl. 239.
(351)
Tapling, Thomas, & &Co., Carpet and
Manchester Warehousemen, 1 to 8, Gresham
Street West, 108 to 110, Wood Street, Lon-
don, E.C., and Glasgow. Tapestry for Wall
Decoration or Ecclesiastical purposes (352)
Cl. 239.
168
-BRITISH SECTION.
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.
Cl. 239.
Cl. 239.
Cl. 240.
Shoolbred, James, & Co. See Cl. 217.
Collinson & Lock. See Cl. 217, 264.
Webb, Edward, & Sons, Hair Cloth
Manufacturers, Copenhagen Street, Worcester.
Coloured Damask Hair Cloth for Furniture
Covering, especially suitable for the furniture
of Steamships for use in Hot Climates; Hair
Cloth Paddings for Tailors' use; Curled Hair
for Furniture Stuffing; Plain Black Seating,
ordinary and united make; Crinoline for
Ladies' use; Cider Hairs; Rough Hair Cloth
of all descriptions for Hop Kilns, Oil Presses,
&c.
(353)
Exhibitors, Society of Arts, London, 1850
London, 1851, 1862; Paris, 1855. (Medals.)
Cl. 242,
243, 244.
Cl. 243,
244.
:
CI, 243,
244.
SILK AND SILK FABRICS, AND MIXTURES IN WHICH SILK IS THE PREDOMINATING
MATERIAL.
CLASS 242.-Cocoons and raw silk as reeled from the cocoon, thrown or twisted silks in the
gum.
CLASS 243.-Thrown or twisted silks, boiled off or dyed, in hanks, skeins, or on spools.
CLASS 244.-Spun silk yarns and fabrics, and the materials from which they are made.
CLASS 245.-Plain woven silks, lutestrings, sarsnets, satins, serges, foulards, tissues for hat and
millinery purposes, etc.
CLASS 246.-Figured silk piece goods, woven or printed, upholstery silks, etc.
CLASS 247.-Crapes, velvets, gauzes, cravats, handkerchiefs, hosiery, knit goods, laces, scarfs,
ties, veils, all descriptions of cut and made up silks.
CLASS 248.-Ribbons, plain, fancy, and velvet.
CLASS 249.-Bindings, braids, cords, galloons, ladies' dress trimmings, upholsterers', tailors',
military, and miscellaneous trimmings.
Clayton, Marsdens, Holden, & Co.,
(Limited), Patent Spun Silk Spinners and
Manufacturers, Wellington Mills, Halifax.
Silk waste and specimens in various stages of
preparation for spinning. Patent Spun Silk
yarns in grey, dyed and finished states, and
various woven fabrics made from spun silk, or
an admixture of spun silk.
(360)
Rickards, Charles Ayscough, Manu-
facturer of Machine Silks, Bell Busk Mills,
near Leeds. Sewing and machine silks in
skeins, and on various sizes of reels, and in
different colours; Machine silk on 1 oz. reels,
specially made for using in Buttonhole
Machines; Closing Twists for leather work ;
Silk and Legee Twists for Tailors, Raven and
Cloth Sewings, Embroidery, Knitting and
Crochet Silks.
(361)
Exhibitors, York, 1866 (Medal); London,
1873 (Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Merit); Leeds, 1875 (Medal).
Milner, Wm., & Sons, Silk Manufac-
turers, Union Street, Leek, Staffordshire.
Sewing silks for machine and hand sewing on
Spools and in Skeins.
(362)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Adams & Co., Manufacturers of Filo-
selle, Knitting Silk, Tussore Knitting Silk, and
Embroidery Silks of all kinds, 5, New Street,
Bishopsgate Street, London, E. Knitting Silk,
Tussore Knitting Silk, Filoselle.
(363)
Ward, Anthony, & Co., Silk Manufac-
turers, Albion Silk Mills, Leek, Staffordshire.
Silk threads for hand-sewing and for use in
sewing machines.
(364)
Sheldon & Fenton, 12, King Street,
Cheapside, London, E.C., and Leek, Stafford-
shire. Manufacturers of Sewing Silks, Tailors'
Twist, Machine Silks, &c., of every descrip-
tion, for Home and Foreign Markets.
(365)
Hilditch, G. & J. B., 11 and 12, Cheap-
side, and 41, Old Change, London, E.C., Silk
Manufacturers and Merchants. Silk, and silk
fabrics. Velvets.
(366)
Norris, & Co., Furniture-Silk Manufac-
turers, 124, Wood Street, Cheapside, London,
E.C. Silks for furniture and Upholstery pur-
poses.
(367)
Cl. 243,
244.
Cl. 243,
244.
Cl. 243,
244.

Cl. 245,
246, 247.
Cl. 246.
Brigg, J. F., & Co. See Cl. 238.
Templeton, J. & J. S. See Cl. 239.
Wilson, T. & D., & Co.
Cl. 246.
Cl. 246.
See Cl. 230.
Cl. 246.
J
Cl. 247.
Cl. 248,
520.
Cl. 249.
Cl. 249,
252.
Cl. 250,
DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 250-257.
French & Co., Crape Manufacturers, St.
Mary's Mills, Norwich. Black Crape, a textile
fabric, all silk, with an embossed or figured
surface.
(368)
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (Medal).
Stevens, Thomas, Ribbon Manufacturer,
Stevengraph Works, Coventry, and 20, War-
wick Lane, Paternoster Row, London, E.C.
Inventor and Sole Manufacturer of Steven-
graphs, or Illuminated Silk Woven Book-
markers. Stevens' Improved Jacquard Loom
at work. Silk Woven Illuminated Bookmark-
ers, Embroidered Ribbons, Ladies' Sashes and
Neckties, Foresters' and Odd Fellows' sashes,
Badges and all kinds of Emblematical Re-
galia, Navy Hat Ribbons, with the names of
ships woven in gold wire; Gold and Silver
Lace, Silk-centred Sachets, Cards and Valen-
tines.
(369)
Hodges, T. W., & Sons, Elastic Boot
Webs, Braid and Cord Manufacturers, Lei-
cester. Elastic webs for Boot Goring, Elastic
Braids and Cords, composed of India Rubber,
Silk, Cotton, and Wool.
(370)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867
(Medal).
Simon, May, & Co., Lace, Curtain, Net,
and Elastic Web Manufacturers, Weekday
Cross, Nottingham. Lace Curtains, Valances;
Plain and Mosquito Nets; Shetland Scarves,
Shawls, &c., Elastic Webs for Boots and Shoes,
&c.
(371)
Exhibitors, Vienna (Medal for Merit).
Turner, Archibald, & Co., Elastic Fabric
Manufacturers, Bow Bridge Works, Leicester.
Elastic Woven Fabrics for Boots, Shoes, Belts,
Suspenders, Garters, Stays, Skirts, Pocket
Books, Portmonnaies, &c., and Elastic Braided
Fabrics, consisting of Cords and Braids, in
Silks, Cotton, Lustre, Mohairs, &c., including
Surgical Braids, and Bandages. (372)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Stewart, Moir, and Muir, Manufac-
turers, 73, Mitchell Street, Glasgow, Scotland.
Curtains for Window and decorative purposes
and for use in the British Section,
(373)
Heymann & Alexander, Lace Manufac-
turers and General Merchants, Stoney Street,
Nottingham. Lace Curtains, Antimacassars,
all descriptions of Silk, Wool, and Cotton
Laces, plain Cotton Nets, Brussels Nets, extra
Twist Nets, Plain and Fancy Silk Nets,
Quillings, Trimmings, &c., &c.
(374)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855, 1867. (Medals at all.)
Jacoby, M., & Co., Lace Manufac-
turers and General Commission Merchants,
Broadway, Nottingham. Patent Valenciennes
and Silk Guipures, Patent Imitation Swiss
Curtains, Lace Curtains in general. (375)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal);
Dublin, 1865 (Bronze Medal); Paris, 1867
(Silver Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Progress).
CLOTHING, JEWELLERY, AND ORNAMENTS, TRAVELLING EQUIPMENTS.
CLASS 250.-Ready-made clothing, knit goods and hosiery, military clothing, church vestments,
costumes, waterproof clothing, and clothing for special objects.
CLASS 251.-Hats, caps, boots, and shoes, gloves, mittens, etc., straw and palm-leaf hats, bonnets,
and millinery.
CLASS 252.-Laces, embroideries, and trimmings for clothing, furniture, and carriages.
CLASS 253.-Jewellery and ornaments worn upon the person.
CLASS 254.-Artificial flowers, coiffures, buttons, trimmings, pins, hooks and eyes, fans,
umbrellas, sun-shades, walking canes, pipes, and small objects of dress or adornment,
exclusive of jewellery. Toys and fancy articles.
CLASS 255.-Fancy leather work, pocket-books, toilet cases, travelling equipments, valises and
trunks.
CLASS 256.-Furs.
CLASS 257.-Historical collections of costumes, national costumes.
Smyth & Co., Established 1790. Original
Balbriggan Hosiers, Manufactory, George's
I
Hill, Balbriggan, Ireland; Warerooms, 36 and
37, Lower Abbey Street, Dublin, and 30,
0169
Cl. 249,
254, 255.
Cl. 246.
252.
Cl. 249,
252.
Cl. 249,
252.
*

0170
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 250.
Cl. 250.
Cl. 250.
Cl. 250,
255.
Cl. 250,
251.
Cl. 250.
A
Milk Street, London, E.C. Finest ladies' and
gentlemen's Balbriggan hosiery; also lace
hose; also sample of the finest and lightest
stocking ever exhibited.
(390)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1855,
1867; Dublin, 1853, 1865; Vienna, 1873.
(Medals.)
Schreiber, Felix August, Manufac-
turer, 17, Thavies Inn, London, E.C. Ladies
underclothing, ready-made.
(391)
Hitchcock, Williams, & Co., Manu-
facturers, Wholesale and Retail Costumes,
Mantles, Millinery, Fancy Goods and General
Warehousemen, St. Paul's Churchyard, Pater-
noster Row, London House Yard, London,
E.C.; Manufactories: Ave Maria Lane, Pater-
noster Buildings, London, E.C. Costumes
made of mixed Fabrics, Wool and Silk, Wool-
and Cotton, or Wool only.
(392)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Costumes,
Medal); Paris, 1867 (Shawls, Hon. Men-
tion); Amsterdam, 1869 (Waterproof Cloaks,
Diplome d'Excellence, equivalent to Gold
Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Costumes, Medal for
Merit).
McLintock, James, Sons, Patent
Down Clothing Manufacturers, Barnsley,
Yorkshire. Real Eider down quilts, Russian
or Arctic down quilts, skirts, pillows; Patent
silk down Toralium quilts, skirts, ladies' and
gentlemen's jackets and dressing gowns, tea
cozies, dress improvers, slippers, &c. &c. (393)
McGee, John G., & Co., Inventors and
Makers of the "Ulster" Overcoat for Ladies
and Gentlemen, High Street, Belfast, Ireland.
Specialities in Gentlemen's and Ladies'
"Ulster" Overcoats, and in Irish Homespun
Goods in Friezes; Travelling Wraps, Shawls
and Rugs.
(394)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Prize Medal).
Morley, J. & R., Hosiery and Glove
Manufacturers, 18, Wood Street, Cheapside,
London, E.C. Hosiery and gloves. (395)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal); 1862
(Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress).
Sykes, Josephine, & Co., Ladies Out-
fitters, 280, Regent Street, London, W., 56A,
Old Steyne, Brighton. Corsets and ladies'
belts.
(396)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Hon. Mention).
Turner, Archibald, & Co. See Cl. 249.
Thomson, W. S., & Co., 97, Cheapside,
London. Corsets and Busks for corsets. (397)
Festa, G. P., 13, Charles Street, Grosvenor
Square, London. Stays for riding, Obstetri-
cal Corset, Stays for support, Corset de luxe,
Juvenile Corset for training the figure. (398)
Welch, Margetson, & Co., Manufac-
turers, 16 and 17, Cheapside, London, E.C.
Scarves and Ties, Silk Handkerchiefs, Linen
Collars, Fancy Shirtings, Umbrellas, Rugs,
&c.
(399)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Prize Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Debenham & Freebody, General Ware-
housemen, 27, 29, and 31, Wigmore Street,
London, W., and 2, 3, and 4, Welbeck Street,
London, W. Gloves.
(400)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1863.
Tress & Co., Hat Manufacturers, 3, 5, & 7,
Stamford Street, London, S.E. Gentlemen's
Silk and Felt Hats; Ladies' Riding Hats, Ladies
and Children's Felt and Velvet Hats; speciali-
ties in Patent Pith and Felt Solar Hats and
Helmets, also in Regulation Helmets for
Tropical climates.
(401)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855, 1867. (Medals at all.)
Roe, William Allen, Engineer to the
Blake Sole Sewing Machine Co., Limited,
81, Humberstone Gate, Leicester. Strong
Boots and Shoes.
(402)
Lincoln, Bennett, & Co., Hat Manufac-
turers, (Hatters to Her Royal Highness the
Princess of Wales and the Royal Family,)
1, 2, and 3, Sackville Street, and 40, Picca-
dilly, London, W. Manufactory and Wholesale
and Export Departments, 24, Nelson Square,
London, S.E. Felt Hats (various); Silk Vel-
vet Napped Hats (various).
(403)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals).
CI. 250,
255.
Cl. 250.
251.
Cl. 250,
251.
Cl. 250,
254, 255,
Cl. 251.
Cl. 251.
Cl. 251.
Cl. 251.

Lobb, John, Bootmaker, 296, Regent Cl. 251.
Street, London, W. Gentlemen's First-class
boots. Walking, Dress, Riding, and Shooting;
Ladies' First-class Boots.
(404)
Exhibitor, Australia, 1862 (Silver Medal);
London, 1862 (Medal); Paris, 1867 (Silver
Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress).
&
DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 250–257. Tu 12,31105
171
2
Cl. 251.
Cl. 251.
Cl. 251.
Cl. 251,
254.
Cl. 251.
Cl. 252.
Cl. 252.
Cl. 252.
Cl. 249,
252.
Cl. 252.
Cl. 252.
Cl. 252.
Baxter, Richard, Boot and Shoe Maker,
St. James Green, Thirsk, Yorkshire. Venti-
lating Boots, Promenade and wooden clump
boots of new invention.
(405)
Exhibitor, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855 and 1867 (Medal).
Daggett, Christopher, Glove Manufac-
turer, Woodstock, Oxfordshire. Gloves. (406)
Humbert, Hermann, Straw Hat and Bon-
net Manufacturer, 30, Barbican, London, E.C.
Straw, Willow Chip and Fancy Hats and
Bonnets, Hat and Bonnet Shapes. (407)
Dash, Osmond, Hatter, 10, King's Road,
Brighton. Silk, Felt, Pull-over, Straw and
Tweed Hats in various shapes and styles, all of
the finest qualities. Caps and Umbrellas.(408)
Matthews, James, Boot Manufacturer,
No. 43, Gibson Street, Waterloo Road, Lam-
beth, London, S.E. First-class Boots and
Shoes, White Kid Boots, Blue Morocco Boot
made without a seam, Velvet Turnover Slip-
pers, Blue Satin Boots, Ladies' Patent Leather
Boot, Gentlemen's Cloth Drab Boots, Blue
Silk Boot Patent Goloshed, Dress Wellington
Boot, Queen Anne Slippers, Ladies' Cork
Boot, and Whit Kid Boot, trimmed with
Morocco; all hand work.
(409)
Heymann & Alexander. See Cl. 249.
Jacoby, M., & Co. See Cl. 249.
Smith, George John, Lace Merchant,
4, The Terrace, Church Road, Upper Nor-
wood, Surrey. Irish lace. The Work of the
Industrial Poor.
(410)
Exhibitor, London, 1862, 1870 (Gold
Medal), 1874; Paris, 1861 (Bronze Medal);
1867 (Hon. Mention); 1875 (Gold Medal);
Amsterdam, 1869; Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Merit); Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875
(Gold Medal).
Browett, Frederick, & Co., Trimming
Manufacturers, Coventry. The Royal Sand-
ringham Lace Edge Cambric Frillings. Fancy
Curtain Borders, Ladies' Dress Trimmings
Woven Name Tapes, and Mantles. (411)
Dunraven, The Countess of, Adare,
Co. Limerick, Ireland. Embroidery on Lawn,
consisting of two robes, some pocket handker-
chiefs, strips of insertion for dresses, pin-
cushion cover, &c. &c.
(412)
School of Art Needlework, The Royal.
See Cl. 217.
Simon, May, and Co. See Cl. 249.
Stewart, Moir, and Muir. See Cl. 249.
Bryan, Charles, Jet Ornament Manufac-
turer, West Cliff, Whitby. Jet, rough, and in
ornaments of various descriptions. (413)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
Society of Arts Prize, 1863, 1864; Prize,
1967 ; Leeds and York Exhibitions, 1868.
Gibson, William, Patent Keyless Chro-
nometer Watch Manufacturer, Diamond
Jeweller; Manufacturer of Bog Oak Jewellery
and Ornaments, Donegall Place and Castle
Place, Belfast. Keyless Watches; Gold and
Diamond Jewellery. Watches; Irish Bog
Oak Jewellery; Walking Sticks and Table
Ornaments.
(414)
Francati & Santamaria, Jet Cameo
Mosaics and Jet Jewellery Manufacturers, 65,
Hatton Garden, London, E.C. Jet ornaments
manufactured in Best real Whitby Jet.
Brooches, Ear Rings, Bracelets, Necklaces,
&c.; Jet Cameo Mosaics carved by Roman
Cameo Cutters.
(415)
Exhibitors, London, 1862, 1870; Dublin,
1865; Paris, 1867.
Goggin, Jeremiah, Bog Oak Ornament,
Killarney Arbutus Wood, Bog Yew, Galway
Marble, Jet, Pebble, and Ore Manufacturer,
Jeweller in Native Gems, and Artist in Hair
Ornaments, 74, Grafton Street, Dublin.
Bracelets, brooches, necklaces, earrings, pins,
and studs, tiaras, chatelaines, and every
ornament in use for personal wear, both
plain and ornamented in various settings in
gold and silver, studded with native gems.
Table ornaments, dressing-cases, work-
boxes, caskets, centre-pieces, candlesticks,
vases, statuary, albums, blotting-books, ink-
stands, envelope cases, card-cases, mirrors, time-
pieces, reading stands, walking-canes, pipes,
old Irish drinking cups, tankards, &c. (416)
Exhibitor, London, 1851, 1862 (Bronze
Medals); Paris, 1855 (Silver Medal); 1867
(Bronze Medal); Dublin, 1853, 1865 (Silver
Medals); 1872 (Bronze Medal); Vienna,
1873 (Medal for Merit).
Aitchison, James, by Special Appoint-
ment Court Jeweller to H.I.M. the Emperor
of Austria, 23, Princes Street, Edinburgh.
Scottish jewellery in gold and silver, Highland
ornaments and stones found in Scotland, such
as Pearls, Cairngorms, and Pebbles. (417)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Cl. 252.
Cl. 253.
Cl. 253,
254, 323.
Cl. 253.
Cl. 253,
254, 258.

Cl. 253.
172
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
CI. 253,
281, 323.
Cl. 253.
Cl. 253.
Cl. 254,
284.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 254,
296.
Cl. 254.
Neal, John, Jeweller, Silversmith, Watch-
maker, and Pyro-Silver Manufacturer, 44, 46,
48, Edgware Road, London, W. Gold and
silver jewellery, set precious stones, &c., silver-
plated and electro-silver table ware, cutlery,
especially Neal's Pyro-Silver cutlery, gold.
and silver watches, chronometers, and time-
keepers.
(418)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
1872 (Certificate); 1873, 1874 (Medals);
Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention); Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Merit).
Jefferys, John, Manufacturing Jeweller,
14, Tottenham Court Road, W. Sleeve links,
studs, solitaires, scarf rings, &c., including
various patents and registrations in connexion
with same.
(419)
Fridlander, A.TA., 26, Hylton Street,
Birmingham. Gold Jewellery.
(420)
Cooke Brothers, 65a and 66a, Constitu-
tion Hill, Birmingham. Safety Pins, Curtain
Hooks, and Fancy Nails.
(421)
Van Volen, Gerret, Human Hair Mer-
chant and Ornamental Hair Manufacturer,
50 and 52, Waterloo Road, Lambeth, London,
S.E. Raw, Dutch, German and Italian, and
German and English prepared Hair "Human"
in natural and artificial colours; Natural and
Artificial white Hair "Human;" Tools used
in preparation and manufacture.
(422)
Smith, John Wright, Self-acting Needle
Manufacturer and Original Patentee, 121, Bel-
grave Gate, Leicester. Self-acting Needles
(423)
used in Hosiery Frames.
Swaine & Adeney, Whip Manufacturers
to the Queen and Prince of Wales, 185, Picca-
dilly, London, W. Whips of all descriptions;
Driving, Riding, Hunting, and Four-in-hand
Whips; Whip Lashes and Thongs; Whip
Sockets'; Hunting, Mail, and Tandem Horns;
Canes, and Walking Sticks; Sporting Appa-
(424)
બીજા
ratus.
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Paris, 1855 (Medal); 1867 (Silver Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Good Taste).
Turner, R., & Co., Needle, Pin, and Fish
Hook Manufacturers, also of G. Chambers
& Co.'s Patent Needles, Old Factory, Red-
ditch. All kinds of Needles, Pins, Fish
Hooks, &c., displayed in a glass case forming
model of the Exhibition of 1851. (425)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1855 (Médaille d'Hon-
neur); London, 1862.
Tayler, D. F., & Co. (late Edelsten and
Williams), Pin Manufacturers, New Hall
Works, Birmingham. Solid-Headed Toilet Pins,
Hairpins, Hooks and Eyes, Pearl Buttons,
Iron, Steel, Brass, and Copper Wire. (426)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Bronze
Medals); Amsterdam, 1869 (Silver Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Martin, William Henry, Umbrella,
Walking Stick, and Whip Maker, 64 and 65,
Burlington Arcade, Piccadilly, London, W.
Umbrellas, Walking Sticks, and Whips. (427)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Prize Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Two Prize Medals).
Sangster & Co., Umbrella Makers, 140,
Regent Street, 10, Royal Exchange, 94, Fleet
Street, 75, Cheapside, London. Umbrellas,
Parasols, Sunshades, Whips, Canes. (428)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; New
York, 1853; Paris, 1855; Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Good Taste).
Hayes, Crossley, & Co., Needle and Pin
Manufacturers, 153, Cheapside, London, E.C.,
and Alcester. New Shape Sewing needles,
double pointed; these needles being tapered
from the centre towards the eye can be with-
drawn from any material with greater ease
than those of the old shape. Machine needles,
pins, bodkins, also specimens in various stages
of preparation.
(429)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention);
London Workmen's International (Certificate
of Merit); Amsterdam, 1869 (Silver Medal);
London, 1873 (Large Medal); Vienna, 1873
(Diploma of Merit); Paris Maritime Exhi-
bition, 1875 (Medal).
Woodfield, William, & Sons, Manufac-
turers of Needles, Sewing Machine Needles,
Fancy Needle Cases, Fish Hooks, &c., Ease-
more Works, Redditch, England. Needles,
sewing machine needles, fish hooks, &c., sail
tools, and fancy needle cases.
(430)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention);
Havre, 1868 (Hon. Mention); Amsterdam,
1869 (Silver Medal); Lyons, 1872 (Bronze
Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Merit).
A Milward, Henry, & Sons, Needle
Manufacturers, Redditch. Needles, Sewing
Machine Needles, Fish-Hooks.
(431)
Cl. 254.
Cl. 254,
296.
Cl. 254,
296.
Cl. 254.

Cl. 254,
269.
Cl. 254,
269.
DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 250-257. MUNTA
173
Cl. 254,
269.
Cl. 254,
269.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 254,
262.
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal); Paris,
1855 (Silver Medal), 1867 (Medal); Vienna,
1873 (Medal for Merit) (Coöperator's
Medal, Richard Bennett, 1873); Lyons, 1872
(Silver Medal); Paris, 1875 (Gold Medal).
Kirby, Beard, & Co., Manufacturers of
Pins, Needles, and Hair Pins, of all descrip-
tions; also of Fish Hooks for Sea and River,
and Fishing Tackle. Manufactories, Birming-
ham and Redditch.
(432)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862, 1873
(Bronze Medals); Paris, 1855 (First-class
Medal), 1867 (Silver Medal); Havre, 1868
(Silver Medal); Amsterdam, 1869 (Diplome
d'Honneur); Naples, 1871 (Silver Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Merit).
English, John, & Co., Needle, Fish Hook,
&c., Manufacturers, Feckenham, near Red-
ditch, Worcestershire. Sewing needles;
Knitting, Mattress, Netting, Pack, Sail, and
Surgeons' needles; Sewing Machine
needles. Fish Hooks; Steel Pins; Hair
Pins; Bodkins.
(433)
Evans, David, Needle Manufacturer,
Studley, Redditch. Needles for hand and
(434)
machine sewing.
Exhibitor, London, 1873 (Medal).
Heath, William, Needle Manufacturer,
Neveux Works, Crabb's Cross, Redditch.
Sewing machine needles of every description,
also the Heath Patent Self-adjusting Sewing
machine needles suitable for every description
of Sewing machines.
(435)
Exhibitor, Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention).
Smith, James, & Son, Needle Manufac-
turers, Astwood Bank, near Redditch. Hand
Sewing Needles showing stages of manufacture,
Sewing Machine Needles, Sail, Surgeons', Knit-
ting and Netting Needles, Materials of which
the above are made, Bodkins, Hair Pins, and
Fancy Cases for holding Needles.
(436)
Fenton, James, Pearl Button Maker, 74,
Great Hampton Street, Birmingham. Agents,
John Thornton & Co., 213, Church Street,
Philadelphia, and 400, Broadway, New York,
(437)
U.S. Pearl buttons.
Johnson, J., & Co., Charterhouse Works,
Sycamore Street, London, E.C. Shell Boxes,
Toy Furniture and Ornaments, Fancy Paper
Boxes.
(438)
Davis & Wilson (late George Davis
& Son), Whip Mount Manufacturers, 37, Sun
Street West, Birmingham. Whip, walking
stick, and umbrella mountings, African Chiefs'
canes, finished whips, and general whip
materials.
(439)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Merit).
Firmin & Sons, Limited, 153, 154, and
155,Strand, London, W.C. Samples of Badges,
Military and Naval Buttons, Military, Naval,
Civil, and Court Swords, Military, Naval, Civil,
and Livery Ornaments.
(440)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Paris, 1855 (Hon. Mention); Dublin, 1865
(Medal).
Turner, George, & Co., Tent and Ham-
mock Manufacturer and Travellers' Outfitter,
94, Gracechurch Street, London, E.C. Military
and Travelling equipment; Hammock valise for
officers and travellers' kits, arranged to form
a bed, and fitted with "Tente d'Abri" if re-
quired. Articles for use in Tents or ordinary
Dwellings; Hammock Bedstead; Hammock
cots for children, various patterns; Hammock
Sofa on portable stand for invalids and
others; Mosquito Curtains, improved plan,
Improved Tent, with appliances for soldiers and
others sleeping off the ground, and for warm-
ing them in winter. Camp oven and Canteen.
Ambulances for the wounded. Appliances for
picketting horses, &c. Improved Hammocks
for ship and other use. Screw anchor Peg
for Tents, mooring Boats, Tethering Cattle,
&c.
(441)
((
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal).
Harrington, J., & Co., Patentees and
Manufacturers, Agents, Ihlee and Horne, 31,
Aldermanbury, London. Imitation Leather
(registered name, Leatherette,"), Hat Lin-
ings, Shoes and Shoe Linings, Wall Decora-
tions, Pocket Books, Belts, Despatch Boxes,
Dressing and Jewel Cases, Glove and Hand-
kerchief Boxes, and other fancy Leather
work.
(442)
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (Medal).
Hoe, Richard, & Sons, Portmanteau,
Trunk, and Bag Makers, 44, Leadenhall Street,
London, E.C. Solid Leather Portmanteaus
and Hat Cases, Morocco, Enamelled Leather,
and Fitted Bags.
(443)
Jeffreys, Charles. See Cl. 217.
Sage, Frederick. See Cl. 255.
Cl. 254,
296.
Cl. 254,
258.
Cl. 255.

Cl. 255.
Cl. 255.
Cl. 255.
Cl. 255.
174
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 255.
Cl. 255,
269.
Ward, Marcus, & Co. See Cl. 258,259,
262, 300, 306, 424.
Bussey, Geo. G., & Co., Manufacturers
and Patentees. Works: Rye Lane, Peckham,
London; 20, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham.
Depôts: 311, Walnut Street, Philadelphia;
130, Broadway, New York; Santiago, Chili.
Leather Waterproof Portmanteaus, Trunks,
Travelling Bags, and every description of
Leather and Waterproof Goods used for
shooting and travelling purposes. Breech-
loading Guns and their accessories. Bussey's
Patent Gyro Pigeon.
(444)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention).
Cl. 258.
Cl. 258.
Cl. 258,
255, 259,
262, 300,
306, 424.
PAPER, BLANK BOOKS, AND STATIONERY.
CLASS 258.-Stationery for the desk, stationers' articles, pens, pencils, inkstands, and other
apparatus of writing and drawing.
CLASS 259.-Writing paper and envelopes, blank-book paper, bond paper, tracing paper, tracing
linen, tissue paper, etc., etc.
CLASS 260.-Printing paper for books, newspapers, etc.
Wrapping paper of all grades, cartridge and manilla paper, paper bags.
CLASS 261.-Blank books; sets of account books, specimens of ruling and binding, including
blanks, bill heads, etc., bookbinding.
CLASS 262.-Cards; playing cards, cardboard, binders' board, pasteboard, paper or cardboard
boxes.
CLASS 263.-Building paper, pasteboard for walls, cane fibre felt for car wheels, ornaments, etc.
CLASS 264.-Wall papers, enamelled and coloured papers, imitations of leather, wood, etc.
Hinks, Wells, & Co., Steel Pen and Pen
Holder Manufacturers, Buckingham Steel
Pen Works, Birmingham. Steel Pens, Pen
Holders.
(450)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Paris, 1855 (Medal); 1867 (First-class Cer-
tificate); Havre, 1872 (Gold Medal).
Webster, Henry, Manufacturer of Berry's
Patent Portable Inkstand and Portable Writing
Cases, &c., 22, Litchfield Street, Soho, London,
W.C.
(451)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention).
Ward, Marcus, & Co., Publishers, Colour
Printers, Bookbinders, and Manufacturers of
Stationery, 67 and 68, Chandos Street, Strand,
London, W.C., Royal Ulster Works, Belfast,
Ireland. Royal Irish Linen" Writing
Papers and Envelopes; Illustrated Books;
Chromo Prints; Maps and Atlases; Christmas,
New Year, Easter, and Birthday Cards;
Sunday School Reward Cards; Valentines;
Photograph Albums, Scrap Books, Vere
Foster's Educational Works.-Writing and
**** Drawing Copy Books
Drawing Copy Books; Children's Picture
Books; Gift Books; Menu and Ball Pro-
gramme Cards, Fancy Leather Work, Diaries,
Calendars, &c. &c., all processes used in pro-
duction being carried out at the Royal Ulster
Works, Belfast.
(452)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Prize Medal);
Dublin, 1865; Paris, 1867 (Three Medals,
two Bronze and one Silver).
Ortner & Houle, 3, St. James's Street,
London. Specimens of Seal Engraving, Steel
and Copperplate Heraldic Engraving, and Die
Sinking.
(453)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
Paris, 1867 (Prize Medal).
Sloper, Joseph, 6 & 7, King William
Street, London, E.C. Sloper's Patent System
of Indellibly Cancelling, Dating, Marking, or
Numbering all kinds of Documents by Per-
forations, viz., Bankers' Cheques, Amounts on
Credit Notes, Deeds, Government Stamps,
Initialling Postage, Receipt, and Bill Stamps,
Ballot Papers, Trade Marks, Railway Tickets,
&c. to prevent Erasure or Fraud.
Stephens, H. C. See Cl. 202.
Cl. 258,
404.
Cl. 258,
546.
(454)
Cl. 258.
%

DEPARTMENT IL-CLASSES 265-270, KANZÓLI
175
Cl. 259,
262.
Cl. 259.
Cl. 259.
Pirie, Alexander, & Sons, Paper, Card,
and Envelope Manufacturers, Stoneywood,
Union, and Woodside Works, Aberdeen, Lam-
beth Hill, Upper Thames Street, London, E.C.;
and Middle Abbey Street, Dublin. Assortment
of Writing Papers, Cardboard, and Enamelled
Papers.
(455)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1855 (Medal).
Ford Works Company, The (Limited),
Thomas Routledge, Managing Director and
Patentee, Ford, near Sunderland, Durham.
Agents, U.S., Rice, Kendall, & Co., Federal
Street, Boston. One bale bleached paper
stock, one bale unbleached paper stock,
manufactured from Esparto grass, under Thos.
Routledge's patents. Also Case of products
from Esparto, Bamboo, Megasse, Phormium
Tenax, Maize, and other Fibres. Exhibited
by Thomas Routledge.
(456)
Thos. Routledge, Exhibitor, London, 1862
(Medal and Hon. Mention).
Fletcher, Robert, and Son, Paper
Manufacturers, Kersley Paper Works, Stone-
clough, near Manchester. White and
Coloured Papers. Fine tissues, suitable for
Artificial Florists and Decorative purposes,
Silver Tissues specially. Copying and Ciga-
rette Papers.
(457)
Dudgeon, Arthur. See Cl. 101.
Birdsall & Son. See Dickenson &
Higham, Cl. 306.
Cl. 259.
Cl. 261.
Rimmel, Eugene. See Cl. 203.
Cl. 262.
Cl. 262.
424.
Goodall, Charles, & Son, Playing and
Message Card Makers and Manufacturing
Stationers, Camden Works, Camden Town,
London, N.W. Playing cards, and Christmas
cards, showing surface printing as applied
thereto.
(458)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Prize Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Prize Medal).
Jeffrey & Co., Paper Stainers, 64, Essex
Road, Islington, London, N. Artistic wall
paper decorations, exhibited as Works of
Art.
(459)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (only Medal for
Block Printing); 1873 (Medal, as Works of
Art); Paris, 1867 (Medal).
Collinson & Lock. See Cl. 217, 239.
Cl. 264,
442.
Cl. 264.
Cl. 265.
Cl. 265,
269.
MILITARY AND NAVAL ARMAMENTS, ORDNANCE, FIRE ARMS, AND APPARATUS
OF HUNTING AND FISHING.
CLASS 265.-Military small arms, muskets, pistols, and magazine guns, with their ammunition.
CLASS 266.-Light artillery, compound guns, machine guns, mitrailleuses, etc.
CLASS 267.-Heavy ordnance and its accessories.
CLASS 268.-Knives, swords, spears, and dirks.

CLASS 269.-Fire arms used for sporting and hunting, also other implements for the same
purpose.
CLASS 270.-Traps for game, birds, vermin, etc.
Soper, William, Gun and Rifle Manufac-
turer, 23, Friar Street, Reading.
"The Soper
Rifle" (which has been loaded and fired 60
times in one minute).
(470)
Exhibitor, Reading, 1865 (Silver Medal,
with Special Mention); Basingstoke, 1869
(First Prize); London, 1870 (Gold Medal,
with Hon. Mention); Lyons, 1872 (Bronze
Medal); Moscow, 1872 (Gold Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit); Paris Mari-
time Exhibition, 1875 (Silver Medal).
Scott, W. & C., & Sons, Gun Manufac-
turers, Premier Gun Works, Lancaster Street,
Birmingham, and London. Sporting fire-arms,
on their Patent Top Lever, under and over
Treble Bolt, and the Quadruple and Quintuple
Bolt Guns. The premier quality and other
grades. Revolvers. Gun Materials. (471)
Greener, William Wellington, Gun
Manufacturer, St. Mary's Works, Birming-
ham. Sporting Guns and Rifles, Breech-
loading Guns.
(472)
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (Prize Medal)
New York, 1853 (Two Prize Medals); Paris,
1855 (Two Silver Medals), 1867 (Gold Medal).
...
Cl. 265,
269.
176
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 265,
269.
Cl. 265,
269.
Cl. 265,
269.
Cl. 265,
269.
Cl. 265,
269.
Cl. 265,
269.
Cl. 265,
269.
Needham, J. & G. H., Gun Manufacturers,
53, Piccadilly, London, W. New Patent Safety
Self-Extracting Central Fire Breech-Loading
Double Gun (Hammerless); Ditto, with ordi-
nary Locks and Hammers; Ditto, Self Half-
cocking Action.
(473)
Webley, P., & Son, Gun, Rifle, and Re-
volver Manufacturer, 82, 83, & 84, Weaman
Street, Birmingham. Sporting Breech-Loading
Guns, Rifles, and Revolvers.
(474)
Exhibitors, Dublin, 1872 (Medal); Vienna,
1873 (Medal for Progress).
Purdey, James, Manufacturer of Best
Sporting Guns and Rifles, by special appoint-
ment to H.R.H. the Prince of Wales; Patentee
of the Snap action, Double Lock, Breech-
Loader, and other inventions, and original
Manufacturer of Express Double Rifles, 314,
Oxford Street, London, W. Guns and Rifles,
&c.
(475)
Lancaster, Charles, Gun Manufacturer
and Inventor of the Breech-Loading Express
Rifle, 151, New Bond Street, London, W.
Guns, Central Fire Breech-Loading, with
travelling cases; Rifles, Central Fire Breech-
Loading Express, with travelling cases;
Cannon. Drawings and Models of the Oval
bored.
(476)
Exhibitor, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals).
Lancaster, Alfred, Gun and Rifle Manu-
facturer, 27, South Audley Street, Grosvenor
Square, London, W. High-class sporting guns
and rifles.
(477)
Exhibitor, Paris, 1867 (Medal); Vienna,
1873 (Medal for Progress).
Dougall, James Dalziel, Breech-
loading Gun Manufacturer to their Royal
Highnesses the Prince of Wales and the
Duke of Edinburgh, 59, St. James's Street,
London, S.W., and 39, Gordon Street,
Glasgow. Improved long range, Express shot
Guns and Rifles of the very highest quality,
for all kinds of American running and flying
game.
(478)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (First Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Medal); Moscow, 1872 (Grand
Gold Medal); Vienna, 1872 (Diploma of
Merit).
Rigby, John, & Co., Gun Manufacturers,
24, Suffolk Street, Dublin, and 72, St. James's
Street, London, S.W. Improved Guns and
Rifles for Game, Shooting, and Rifles for
Target Practice, and their accessories. (479)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Bronze Medal);
Paris, 1855 (Silver Medal); Dublin, 1834,
1838, 1844 (Four Silver Medals); 1841 (Gold
Medal); 1865 (Bronze Medal).
Henry, Alexander, Rifle and Gun Manu-
facturer, 12, South St. Andrew Street, Edin-
burgh, Maker by Special Appointment to their
Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and
the Duke of Edinburgh. Fire-arms, &c. Fire-
arms-viz., Patent Breech-loading Express
Rifles (double and single barrelled) for Deer
stalking and for the destruction of all kinds
of large and dangerous game; Double Central
Fire Breech-loading Fowling Pieces; Patent
Breech-loading Harpoon and Bomblance Guns
for Whale Fishing; Patent Breech-loading
Military Arms, Target Rifles.
(480)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Pro-
gress).
and
Reilly, E. M., & Co., Gun and Rifle Manu
facturers, 502, New Oxford Street, London,
W.C., 315, Oxford Street, London, W.,
Rue Scribe, Paris. Central Fire Breech-loading
Guns of various calibres and qualities, com-
prising all the latest improvements. Express
Rifles, very low trajectory, fine shooting,
carrying large charges of gunpowder. (481)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Bronze Medal);
1862 (Hon. Mention); Paris, 1855 (Medal);
1867 (Silver Medal).
Lang, J., and Sons, Gun and Rifle Manu-
facturers, 22, Cockspur Street, Pall Mall,
London, S.W. Guns and Rifles. (482)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (First-class Prize
Medal); 1862 (First Prize Medal); Paris,
1855 (First Prize); 1857 (Grand Medaille
d'Honneur Académie National); 1867 (First
Prize Medal).
Clay, Randolph, Student at the Royal
School of Mines, London, 58, Finborough
Road, South Kensington, London, S.W. A
converter for breech-loading fire-arms; im-
pervious flexible gas tubing; an instrument for
tracing ellipses and other curves; a portable
invalid bed tray for hospitals, ship's berths ;
model of a deck seat with life raft and of
a boat disengaging hook.
(483)
Tolley, J. & W., Gun and Rifle Makers,
Pioneer Works, St. Mary's Square, Birming-
ham. Sporting Breech-Loading Shot Guns,
cleaning, loading, and re-loading implements.
Cl. 265,
269.
Cl. 265,
269.
Cl. 265,
269.
Cl. 265,
276, 320,
594.

Cl. 265,
269.
ww

DEPARTMENT II. CLASSES 177
CLASSES 2
272-278.
Cl. 265,
269.
Cl. 268.
dl. 268.
Cl. 268.
Cl. 269.
201.
Cl. 269.
Cl. 269,
281.
used therewith. Sporting, Breech-loading,
Express "Rifles, and implements used there-
with. Cartridge Cases, Lubricators, Bullets,
and Primets for re-loading Cartridges. (484)
Gibbs, George, 29, Corn Street, Bristol.
Metford Patent and other Rifles, Patent Self-
cocking and other Guns.
(485)
Firmin & Son.. See Cl. 254.
Needham, John. See Cl. 281.
Brookes & Crookes. See Cl. 281.
Marrison, Robert D., Patentee and
Manufacturer of Guns, Rifles, and Shooting
Apparatus, &c., Great Orford Street, Nor-
wich, Norfolk. Breech-loading guns and
Apparatus for filling cartridges. An apparatus
which provides a substitute for living birds
for shooting practice, called the "Registered
Flyer," this invention flies in the air like a
bird. "The Queen Soap Powder," a sub-
stitute for soda for cleaning purposes.
(486)
Exhibitor, London, 1871 (Medal); Norwich,
1871, 1872 (Medals).
Williams and Powell, 25, South Castle
Street, Liverpool. Manufacturers of Fine
Breech-loading Guns. Established 1780.
Breech-loading guns.
(487)
Buchanan, James,
Buchanan, James, Fish-hook Manu
facturer, 58 to 62, Dale Street, Tradeston,
Glasgow. Sea fish-hooks, various kinds, as
used in different countries, America included.
The same, snooded or genged with hemp
and wire.
(489)
Exhibitor, Arcachon, 1866 (Silver Medal);
Amsterdam, 1861 (Bronze Medal); Bergen,
1865 (Bronze Medal); Paris, 1867 (Hon.
Mention).
Green, E. C., 87, High Street, Cheltenham.
Sporting guns, with their appurtenances.
Double Bolt, Top Lever, Breech-Loading
Shot Gun, with new pattern, fast bite fore-end
fastening. Double Grip patterns ditto. Ham-
merless Breech-loading Shot Gun ditto.
Triple-bolted Shot Gun with Top Rib exten-
sion, and Snap Fore-end fastening. Side
Lever patterns ditto. Vertical Grip Top Lever
patterns ditto. Appurtenances. Cleaning Rods,
with attachments. Cartridge-loading Imple.
ments. Nipple Keys. Leather and wood Gun
Cases. Waterproof Gun Bags.
Cl. 269.
Cl. 269.
(490)
Woodfield, W, & Sons. See Cl. 254.
Milward, H., & Sons. See Cl. 254.
Kirby Bland & Co.
English, John, & Co.
Bussey, G. G., & Co.
Cl. 269.
Cl. 269.
See Cl. 254.
Cl. 269.
See Cl. 254.
Cl. 269.
See Cl. 255.
Cl. 269.
(488)
Burnand, James, & Co.
Wostenholm, Geo. & Son (Limited),
See Cl. 281.
Co. See Cl. 281.
Cl. 869.
Cl. 269.
Ryder, William Henry, Fishing Tackle
Manufacturer, 48, Ellis Street, Birmingham.
Fishing tackle generally, also speciality for
winches. Taps for drawing effervescing
Wines, or Aërated Waters, without drawing
the cork.
Exhibitor, Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention).
MEDICINE, SURGERY, PROTHESIS.
CLASS 272.-Medicines; officinal (in any authoritative pharmacopoea), articles of the materia
medica, preparations, unofficinal.
CLASS 273.-Dietetic preparations, as beef extract, and other articles intended especially
for the sick.
CLASS 274.-Pharmaceutical apparatus.
CLASS 275.-Instruments for physical diagnosis, clinical thermometers, stethoscopes, opthal-
moscopes, etc. (except clinical microscopes, etc., for which see Class 324).
CLASS 276.—Surgical instruments and appliances, with dressings, apparatus for deformities,
prothesis, obstetrical instruments.
CLASS 277.-Dental instruments and appliances.
CLASS 278.-Vehicles and appliances for the transportation of the sick and wounded, during
peace and war, on shore or at sea.
Cl. 272.
Cl. 272.
Usher, Rufus. See Cl. 200.
Kinmond & Co. See Cl. 200.
Cl. 272.
Allen & Hanbury. See Cl. 200.
Morson & Son. See Cl. 200.
Cl. 272.
36714.
M

178
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.
BRITISH SECTION.
Evans, Sons, & Co. See Cl. 200, 203.
Cl. 272.
Cl. 272.
Cl. 273.
Gerrard, A. W. See Cl. 200.
Schneider, Edward Albert.
See Cl.
656.
Cl. 273.
Cl. 276,
325.
#
Cl. 276.
Cl. 276,
281,325.
Cl. 276.
Cl. 276.
Mellin, Gustav. See Cl. 656.
Pulvermacher, Isaac Louis, Electri-
Elec-
cian, 194, Regent Street, London, W.
trical Instruments for Medical purposes, con-
sisting of Patent Voltaic Flexible Chain and
Band Batteries, Induction pocket Apparatus,
Current Testing and Measuring Instruments,
and various accessories.
(500)
Lee, Robert James, Physician, 4,
Savile Row, London, W., and St. George's
Hospital, London. Sole manufacturers, Har-
per & Sons, 16, Red Lion Street, Clerkenwell,
London, E.C. "The Steam Draft Inhaler
and Disinfector," (1) Machine for producing
warm vapour for treatment of pulmonary
disorders, (2) for disinfecting the air of rooms,
&c.
(501)
Mayer & Meltzer, Surgical Instrument
Makers, 71, Great Portland Street, London, W.
Surgical Instruments and Galvanic Batteries
of every description, and Cutlery. (502)
Lynch & Co., Druggists' Sundries and
Surgical Instrument Makers, 171A, Aldersgate
Street, London, E.C. Druggists' sundries
and Surgical instruments. Spinal apparatus,
chest protectors, feeding bottles, spray pro-
ducers, poison bottles, &c.
Toyogi (503)
Exhibitors, London, 1873 (Bronze Medal)
Paris, 1875 (Hon. Mention).
Lang, Jonas & Jules, India Rubber
Manufacturers, 13, Charterhouse Buildings,
Aldersgate Street, London, E.C. Gum elastic
B.C. Gum elast
and India Rubber surgical instruments,
Enemas, Breast Exhausters, Teats, &c.
Feeding Bottles, Elastic Stockings, Medical
Glass Bottles, and Glass Tubes, &c. (504)
Fxhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Merit).
Rein, F. C., Mrs., Surgical Bandages
and Appliances, 108, Strand, London, W.C.
Anatomical Belts, Artificial Breasts, Elastic
Stockings for varicose veins, &c; Trusses of
all descriptions, Bandages, and other appli-
ances for surgical purposes.
(505)
;
Rein, Frederick Charles, & Son,
Surgical and Acoustic Instrument Makers, 108,
Strand, London, W.C. Acoustic, Surgical and
Veterinary Instruments; Respirators; Reser-
voir Enemas; Eye Fountains and Douches
Syphons and Breast Pumps; Bougies and
Catheters, Stethoscopes; Medical Inhalers ;
Instruments for deformities; Anatomical Belts,
Stockings and Bandages; Trusses, Crutches,
Arm Slings, &c. Magneto-electric Machines
for nervous diseases. Elastic appliances for
surgical purposes. Speaking Tubes and Trum-
pets. Patented Acoustical Contrivances for
churches and public buildings, &c. Anti-
acoustic protector.
(506)
Haywood, J. S., Castle Gate, Nottingham
Surgical Bandages, Elastic Surgical Stockings,
Belts, Trusses, &c.
(507)
*
Glasgow Apothecaries Co., 34, Vir-
ginia Street, Glasgow, Scotland. Surgical
Appliances and Antiseptic Dressings. (508)
Bennett, T., & Son. See Cl. 280, 652.
Puckeridge, F., & Nephew. See CI.
280, 652.
Cl. 276.
Cl. 276,
327.
Cl. 276.
Cl. 276.
3
Cl. 276.
Cl. 276.
Clay, Randolph. See Cl. 265, 320, 594.
Liverpool Spun Oakum Co., Limited.
See Cl. 229.
Cl. 276.
Cl. 276.
Hicks, J. J. See Cl. 320, 555.
Cl. 276.
Cl. 277.
Patrick, Hugh William, & Son, Den-
tists and Manufacturers, 22, St. Luke Street,
Stockbrook Street, Derby, and at 29, Percy
Street, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.
Porcelain Enamelled artificial Palates; Porce-
lain Dentures (block work in sections); Single
Porcelain teeth, &c.
(509)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention).
www


DEPARTMENT II.
179
-CLASSES 280–284.
HARDWARE, EDGE TOOLS, CUTLERY, AND METALLIC PRODUCTS.
disasudev8+
CLASS 280.-Hand tools and instruments used by carpenters, joiners, and for wood and stone
in general. Miscellaneous hand tools used in industries, such as jewellers, engravers.
CLASS 281.-Cutlery, knives, penknives, scissors, razors, razor-straps, skates, and implements
sold by cutlers.
CLASS 282.-Emery and sand paper, polishing-powders, polishing and burnishing stones.
CLASS 283.-Metal hollow-ware, ornamental castings.
CLASS 284.--Hardware used in construction, exclusive of tools and implements. Spikes, nails,
screws, tacks, bolts, locks, latches, hinges, pulleys. Plumbers' and gasfitters' hardware,
furniture fittings, ships' hardware, saddlers' hardware, and harness fittings and trimmings.
Cl. 280.
Cl. 280.
Cl. 280.
Cl. 280,
281, 573.
Baker, William, Awl Manufacturer, 96,
formerly 10, Pembroke Street, Bingfield Street,
Caledonian Road, London, N. Awls for Shoe-
makers, Saddlers, and Carpenters, Bodkins
for Printers and Bookbinders, Needles for
Saddlers, Packers, and Upholsterers, Screw-
drivers.
(520)
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (Hon. Mention);
1862 (Prize Medal); New York, 1853 (Prize
Medal).
Addis, J. B., & Sons, Carving and
General Edge Tool Manufacturers, Arctic
Works, Sheffield. A newly Invented set of
Tools for the economy of labour in carving
Stone and Wood, so highly tempered as to
cut the hardest stone. A case of scientific
turning tools for iron, brass, ivory, hard wood,
&c., and a selection of carpenter's tools.
These are manufactured by J. B. Addis with
the assistance of his Sons only.
(521)
Exhibitors, 1851, 1862 (Medals); Work-
men's Exhibition, Sheffield, 1870 (Gold Cross
and Gold Medal subscribed by Merchants,
Manufacturers, and Workmen).
Ward & Payne, Manufacturers of Edge
Tools, Sheep Shears, and Steel. West Street,
Sheffield. Tools for the use of carpenters,
joiners, coachmakers, shipwrights, millwrights,
masons, bricklayers, tanners, curriers, en-
gravers, die sinkers, plasterers, wood and stone
carvers, wood, ivory, brass, and metal turners,
&c.; also sheep shears and steel.
(522)
Hawksworth, Wilson, Ellison, & Co.,
Manufacturers of Steel, Steel Wire, Files,
Cutlery, Edge Tools, Engineers' Tools, and
Locomotive and Waggon Bearing Springs,
Carlisle Works, Sheffield. Steel, and articles
made therefrom.
(523)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Pullinger, Colin. See Cl. 224.
Cl. 280.
Puckeridge, F., & Nephew. See Cl.
Cl. 280.
276, 652.
Cl. 280.
Bennett, T., & Son.
Wills, A. W. See Cl. 670.
Son. See Cl. 276, 652.
Cl. 280.
Cl. 281.
Kingsbury, Thomas, Cutler, 9, New
Bond Street, London, W. Razors, Knives,
Scissors, Dressing-case Instruments, Speci-
men of Processes of Manufacture.
(524)
Neal, John, & Co., Pyro-Silver Cutlery
Manufacturers, 22, 23, 24, Hampden Gurney
Street, Portman Square, London, W. Pyro-
Silver table, dessert, and fish cutlery. (525)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit);
London, 1873, 1874 (Medals).bubuk).
Needham, John, Cutlery Manufacturer
and Silversmith, 69, Arundel Street, Sheffield.
Cutlery. Daggers, Table and Dessert Knives
and Forks. Fish Eaters, also a Patent fast
handle Knife in German Silver and Electro
Plated.
Exhibitor, London, 1872 (Medal).
(526)
Brookes & Crookes, Cutlery Manufac-
turers, Atlantic Works, Sheffield. Pen, Pocket,
Sportman's, Bowie, and Table knives, Scissors,
Razors, and Dressing Case Instruments. (527)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal for Excel-
lence); Paris, 1867 (Gold Medal); Vienna,
1873 (Medal for Merit).
Cl. 281.
Cl. 281,
268.
Cl. 281,
268.
M 2

180
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 281.
Cl. 281.
Cl. 281,
Cl. 281.
Cl. 281.
Cl. 284,
574.9
Cl. 284.
Wostenholm, George, & Son (Limi-
ted), Washington Works, Sheffield. Spring
Spring
Cutlery, Razors, Scissors, Bowie and Hunting
Knives, Fine Electro Bronze Couteau de
Chasse (Hunting Knives), Spring Cutlery of
all descriptions, Razors in Cases and otherwise,
Scissors.
(528)
Ryder, W. H. See Cl. 269.
Mayer & Meltzer. See Cl. 276, 325.
Brooks, Henry, & Co., 31, Cumberland
Market, Regents Park. Patent Metal Inde-
structible Stoppers, suitable for all kinds of
Bottles, Collapsible Tubes for Artists' Co-
lours, Perfumery, &c.
(529)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention).
Burnand, James, &Co., Leicester Works,
Leicester Street, Sheffield. Table and Dessert
Cutlery; also Bowie Knives, Hunting, Jungle,
and Dagger Knives, Table and Plated Cutlery,
Electro-plated Fish Carvers and Eaters,
Spoons, Forks, &c., Picnic Cases, Tin Case
Openers, &c.
(530)
Patent Nut and Bolt Co., The, (Li-
mited), Chief Office, London Works, near
Birmingham. Iron bolts, nuts, screws, rivets,
and washers as used by Engineers, Ship
Builders, Railway Carriage and Waggon
Builders, Machinists, Telegraph Constructors,
&c.; also fish plates, sole plates, fish bolts,
spikes and fang bolts used in the construction
of railways.
(531)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal); Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Progress).
Adams, Robert, Engineer and Patentee,
7, Great Dover Street, London, S.E. (late of
Falmouth Road). Adjustable Spring Hinges
and Shoes or Double and Single Action Doors;
also Improved Secure Fastening Bolts for
Doors and Casements, and Improved Weather-
tight Sill Bars for French Casements, &c. (532)
Exhibitor, London, 1872 (Certificate of
Merit).
Francis, Thomas, & Co., Manufacturers
of Malleable Shoe Nails and Castings, Liver-
pool Street, Birmingham. Case containing
assortment of Nails.
(533)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention);
Havre, 1868 (Bronze Medal); Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Progress).
White, William George, Engineer,
Albert Villa, New Malden, Surrey. Improved
Steel Safe and Locking Apparatus, constructed
to resist the violence of burglars. Model
showing Section of body of Safe. Various
shaped Bolts.
(534)
Zimdars, C. E., Pneumatic Engineer, 327,
Gray's Inn Road, London, W.C. Pneumatic
signal, and communication apparatus; pneu-
matic bells or indicators; pneumatic ship and
railway signals; pneumatic indicating and
registering apparatus; pneumatic self-flushing
watercloset.
(535)
Baker, Christopher, and Sons, Coffin
Furniture Manufacturers and Cabinet Brass-
founders, 98 and 99, Lichfield Street, Bir-
mingham; London Warehouses, 183, Tot-
tenham Court Road, London, W., 11, Worship
Street, London, E.C., Dublin, and Manchester.
Coffin Furniture, Cabinet and General Brass
Fittings, Rails, Stair Rods, Nails, and Bells.
Cooke, Bros. See Cl. 254.
Cl. 284.
܀
Cl. 284.
Cl. 284,
326.
Cl. 284.
S
(536)
Cl. 284.
CI. 284.
Cl. 284.
Phosphor Bronze Co. See Cl. 114.
Chatwood, Samuel. Fire and Burglar
Proof Safes. 120, Cannon Street, London.
(537)
Exhibitor, Oporto, 1865; Dublin, 1865;
Paris, 1867; Havre, 1868; London, 1872;
Vienna, 1873. (Prize Medals.)


DEPARTMENT II. CLASSES 285-291.
181
ဖူး
FABRICS OF VEGETABLE, ANIMAL, OR MINERAL MATERIALS.
CLASS 285.-India rubber goods and manufactures.
CLASS 286.-Brushes.
CLASS 287.-Ropes, cordage.
CLASS 288.-Flags, insignia, emblems.
CLASS 289.-Wooden and basket ware, papier maché.
CLASS 290.-Undertakers' furnishing goods, caskets, coffins, etc.
CLASS 291.-Galvanized ironwork.
Cl. 285.
Cl. 286,
652.
Cl. 286,
652.
Nicoll, Donald. See Cl. 656, 660.
Kent, George Barton, & Co., Brush
Manufacturers, 11, Great Marlborough Street,
London, W. Brushes; Ivory Work-Paper
Knives, Photographic Stands, and Shoe Lifts
in ivory; Ivoride Brushes and Mirrors. (550)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Juror, Hors
Concours); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Elrick, Charles Gray, Horn Comb
Manufacturer, Works, Aberdeen, Scotland;
London house, 8, Aldermanbury Postern,
London, E.C. Dressing Combs in pure
White Horn, Imitation and Real Tortoiseshell,
Natural Green and Buffalo. Real and Imitation
Shell Side, Braid, and High Spanish Combs,
&c.
(551)
Culmer, W., & Sons, Painting Brush
Manufacturers, Hornsey Road, London, N.
Brushes as used in Decorative Art, Carriage
painting, Varnish work in general, and Artists'
brushes.
(552)
Prize Medals awarded to workmen for
excellency of Workmanship and Design at
Workmen's International Exhibition, London,
1870.
Low, Son, & Haydon.
Haydon. See Cl. 203.
Bevis, Henry, Flag and Banner Painter,
140, Pentonville Road, London, N. Silk
banner with emblematic designs.
(553)
Spill, Daniel, 124, High Street, Homer-
ton, London. Ivoride and Kilonite Manufac-
tures, as a substitute for Ivory, Precious
Stones, and for other uses in the Arts. (554)
:.
Cl. 286
Cl. 286.
Cl. 288.
Cl. 289.
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Cl. 292.
CARRIAGES, VEHICLES, AND ACCESSORIES.
(For farm vehicles and railway carriages, see Departments of Agriculture and Machinery.)
(Carriages exhibited in separate Annexe.)
CLASS 292.-Pleasure carriages.
CLASS 293.-Travelling carriages, coaches, stages, omnibuses, hearses, Bath chairs, velocipedes,
baby carriages.
CLASS 294.-Vehicles for movement of goods and heavy objects, carts, waggons, trucks.
CLASS 295.-Sleighs, sledges, sleds, etc.
CLASS 296.-Carriage and horse furniture, harness and saddlery, whips, spurs, horse blankets,
carriage robes, rugs, etc.
Peters, Thomas, & Sons, Coachmakers,
53, Park Street, Grosvenor Square, and Upper
George Street, Portman Square, London, W.
Nine Carriages, various, for private use, of the
choicest construction and of superior work-
manship, built at their London Works. (560)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Bronze Medal);
1862 (Hors Concours, Juror); Paris, 1855

182
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 292.
Cl. 292.
Cl. 292.
Cl. 292.
(Silver Medal); 1867 (Gold Medal); Vienna,
Dublin, 1853
(Hors Concours); 1865 (Hors Concours);
Cologne (Gold Medal).
1873 (Medal for Progress)
for Progress);
McNaught & Smith, Carriage Builders,
Worcester and London. C and Under
Spring Barouche, C and Under Spring Lan-
dau, C and Under Spring Brougham. Me-
tallic parts all of Sir Joseph Whitworth's
Fluid Compressed Steel. Circular-fronted
Brougham on elliptic springs.
(561)
Exhibitors, London, 1862, 1873; Paris,
1867. (Medals.)
Roberts, John, Carriage Builder, 10,
Cavendish Street, Stretford Road, Manchester.
Parisian Phaeton, with silver-plated nave
hoops, lamps, rails, &c.; Patent leather wings;
Collinge patent axles, wrought-iron boxes;
under 4 cwt., suitable for a Cob. Materials
and workmanship warranted.
(562)
Exhibitor, London, 1873. (18 First Silver
Medals and one Bronze Medal given at dif-
ferent Agricultural Shows, the Bronze was
given for Improvements, and a First Silver for
Best Work.)
Windover, Charles Sandford, Carriage
Builder to Her Britannic Majesty, 32 & 33,
Long Acre, London, W.C. Private carriages:
1. Circular Front Double-seated Brougham,
built specially light, fitted up with gong alarm
or driver's signal, and Patent Ventilator.
2. Miniature Canoe Landau, with Patent
Automatic Head, Improved Lights. 3. Vic-
toria Parisian, with moveable Front and
Hind Seats, Lunch Basket,
Shade. 4. Stanhope Phaeton or T Cart, with
revolving Hind Seat, under 4 cwt. (563)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Gold Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Bronze Medal); Moscow, 1872
(Grand Gold Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal
for Merit); and Chili, 1875 (Medal for Good
Workmanship).
asket, Patent Sun
1871, 1872 (Silver Medals); Chester, 1872
(51. Prize); Royal of Scotland, 1872 (Silver
Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress);
London, 1873 (Medal); Society of Arts, 1873
(1st Prize, 301); Manchester, 1874 (Silver
Medal); Manchester and Liverpool, 1875
(Silver Medal); Preston, 1875 (Silver Medal,
and Silver Medal for Patent Shafts);
Alexandra Palace Cab Show, 1875 (51
Prize).
Roberts, John, & Sons, Carriage Makers,
West of England Carriage Works, Bridge-
water, Somerset. Three carriages. (565)
Mulliner, H., & Co., Carriage Builders,
Northampton and Leamington Spa. Six
carriages.
(566)
Hooper & Co., Carriage Builders, 113,
Victoria Street, Westminster, London. Car-
riages and drawings.
Cl. 292.
Cl. 292.
Cl. 292.
(567)
Cl. 293.
Thompson, Charles, Perambulator
Maker, 33, 35, 37, Newington Butts, London,
S.W. One perambulator.
(568)
Exhibitor, Crystal Palace, 1869 (Silver
Medal); Workmen's Industrial Exhibition,
1870 (Silver Medal); Dublin, 1872 (Hon.
Mention).
Smith & Starley. See Cl. 531.
Hawkins Brothers (late James Hale
& Co.), Hatherton Works, Walsall. Army,
Navy, Police, and Railway Contractors. Bits,
Stirrups, Spurs, Chains, Buckles, Hames, and
General Saddlery Ironmongers.
(569)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Prize Medal).
Pollock, Sydney, 72, Lancaster Road,
Notting Hill, London, W. A small apparatus
consisting of a metallic tube resting on two
short wires fixed on a narrow hoop, for
Gold Medal); Medal checking runaway and unmanageable horses
Thorn, Charles, Carriage Builder and
Harness Maker, St. Giles' Gate, Norwich.
Carriages of every description, as supplied to
the Royal Courts of Europe; also Thorn's
celebrated Shooting and Baggage Cart, with
Patent adjusting Shaft adapted to all two-
wheel carriages.
(564)
Exhibitor, Paris, 1867; London, 18701
(Silver Medal); Manchester and Liverpool
instantly. This useful and most reliable inven-
tion was patented in England, France, and
Belgium in 1873. The effect of its use when
fixed on the strap above the blinkers is that it
blindfolds and stifles the creatures by throwing
suddenly a well secured curtain over their
faces.
(570)
Martin, Robert, Mechanical Tool Manu-
facturer, The Village, Old Charlton, Kent.
Horse clipping machines in its various parts.
Set of circular cutters for cutting the teeth of
Cl. 293.
Cl. 296.
Cl. 296.
Cl. 296.

DEPARTMENT II.-CLASSES 292–296.
183
A
Cl. 296.
the above machines. SnoWN IN MACHINERY
HALL.
(571)
Hudson, Samuel, Saddler and Harness
Manufacturer, 65, Dawson Street, Dublin.
Trace Tug Safety and Shaft Tug Safety
Buckles, for instantaneously disengaging the
horse from the vehicle, increasing the dura-
bility of traces and backband, and preventing
unequal strain, the Trace working in straight
line. The Shaft Tug adjusting itself to the
variable thickness of the shafts, grasping them
firmly and allowing great facility for yoking
"Portcullis "
or spirited horses.
nervous
Safety Stirrup, for instantaneously disengaging
the Lady's foot in case of her being thrown
from the saddle. Invented by Exhibitor. (572).
Exhibitor of Saddlery, London, 1851 (Hon.
Mention); Paris, 1855 (Hon. Mention).
Exhibited in case of Swaine and Adeney,
Cl. 254.
Swaine & Adeney. See Cl. 254.
Martin, W. H. See Cl. 254.
Sangster & Co. See Cl. 254.
Davis & Wilson. See Cl. 254.
ここ
​Cl. 296.
Cl. 296.
Cl. 296.
Cl. 296.

1.

2
تمام شده


DEPARTMENT III-CLASSES 300–306. Vahest
185
%
Cl. 300.
Cl. 300
DEPARTMENT III.-EDUCATION AND SCIENCE.
Location:-MAIN BUILDING.
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND LIBRARIES.
CLASS 300.-Elementary instruction, Infant schools and kindergartens, arrangements, furniture
appliances, and modes of training.
Public schools, graded schools, buildings and grounds, equipments, courses of study
methods of instruction, text books, apparatus, including maps, charts, globes, etc.; pupils'
work, including drawing and penmanship; provisions for physical training.
CLASS 301.-Higher education. Academies and high schools.
Colleges and universities. Buildings and grounds; libraries, museums of zoology, botany,
mineralogy, art, and archeology; apparatus for illustration and research, mathematical,
physical, chemical, and astronomical courses of study; text books, catalogues, libraries,
and gymnasiums.
CLASS 302.-Professional schools, theology, law, medicine and surgery, dentistry, pharmacy,
mining, engineering, agriculture and mechanical arts, art and design, military schools, naval
schools, normal schools, commercial schools, music.
Buildings, text books, libraries, apparatus, methods, and other accessories for professional
schools.
CLASS 393.-Institutions for instruction of the blind, deaf, and dumb, and the feeble-minded.
CLASS 304.-Education reports and statistics.
National bureau of education.
State, city, and town systems.
College, university, and professional systems.
CLASS 305.-Libraries, history, reports, statistics, and catalogues.
CLASS 306.-School and text books, dictionaries, encyclopædias, gazetteers, directories, index
volumes, bibliographies, catalogues, almanacs, special treatises, general and miscellaneous
literature, newspapers, technical and special newspapers and journals, illustrated papers,
periodical literature.
Sunday School Union, 56, Old Bailey,
London, E.C. Works for Sunday Schools:
Books, Magazines, Cards, Reward Tickets,
Illuminations and Large Type Texts, Sunday
School Registers, Roll Books, Librarians' and
Minute Books. Sunday School Newspaper, a
weekly organ of intelligence.hant de (580)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Bronze Medal); Vienna, 1873
(Medals for Merit).
Bartholomew, John, Map Engraver and
Printer, Chambers Street, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Specimens of Maps, Plans, &c., for Educa-
tional Atlases and other purposes.
graphic Printing as applied to Maps.
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Litho
(581)
Ravenstein, Ernest George, F.R.G.S.,
F.S.S., Geographical Institute, 10, Lorn Road,
Brixton Road, London, S.W. General Map
of New Zealand, Geological Map of New Zea-
land, Physical and Statistical Atlas of United
Kingdom; a Relief Map of the United States.
Geographical and Statistical Works. (582)
Johnston, W. & A. K., Geographers,
Engravers, and Printers to the Queen, 4, St.
Andrew's Square, Edinburgh, Scotland. Maps.
Physical Map of America; Four Sheet and
Outline Map of Europe; Map of Græcia
Antiqua; Political Map of United States, and
Chart of the World on Mercator's projection;
Illustrations of Human Anatomy, Astronomy,
Botany, and Mechanical Powers.
(583)
Cl. 300.
Cl. 300.

186
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. —BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 300,
306.
Cl. 302.
Cl. 302.
Cl. 302.
Cl. 302.
Cl. 303.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306
Cl. 306.)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Dublin,
1865; New Zealand, 1865; Paris, 1867;
Bermuda, 1872; Vienna, 1873. (Medals.)
Ward, Marcus, & Co.
258, 259, 262, 424. 00)
See Cl. 255,
CMA KOTT00
Clark, Captain Edward Podmore,
Instructor of Musketry to the Herefordshire
Militia, and late Lieutenant 62nd Regiment,
6, Edward Street, Bath. Military model
apparatus for illustrating drill movements.
Invented and patented by the Exhibitor.
Received the highest approval from H.R.H.
the Duke of Cambridge and the War Office
Authorities.
(584)
Exhibitor, Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875
(Bronze Medal).
Augener, George, & Co., Music Pub-
lishers, 86, Newgate Street, London, E.C.
Pauer's Complete Editions of the Classics, and
other Printed Music Books.
banane (585)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Adams, W. M. See Cl. 320.
Boosey & Co. See Cl. 327. o
The British and Foreign Blind Asso-
ciation, for Promoting the Education and
Employment of the Blind, 33, Cambridge
Square, London, W. Writing frames for the
Blind. Embossed Books and Maps for the
Blind.
(586)
Exhibitors,
Progress).
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Insonni item lok
Rundell,
Science and Art Department, South Kensing-
ton Museum, London. A new Short-hand
Alphabet for the English, French, German, and
Spanish Languages. todistece (587)
Joseph Benjamin, Clerk,
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Merit); London, 1871 (Exhibition of Selected
Works only).__ld leaf plea
gali fesfiolova Jindus3 wee
Rola, Vincent, Professor of Piano, 22,
Leinster Square, Bayswater, London, W.
Improved Method or Art of teaching the
Rudiments of Music, and Piano in particular.
sand
Diagrams and Specimens of Music illustrating
System.
(588)
Murray, Andrew, F.L.S., 67, Bed-
ford Gardens, Kensington, London. Illustra-
tions and Specimens of Galls produced by Mites,
Aphides, Flies (Cecidomyia), Sandflies,
Cynipida.
(589)
Potts, Roberts, M.A., Trinity College,
Cambridge. Educational books, edited by
him and published by Longmans, London,
and W. Metcalfe, Cambridge. University
and School Editions of Euclid, Arithmetic ;
Paley's Evidences of Christianity; Maxims
and Aphorisms; a Chapter of English His-
tory, with Appendix of Public Documents;
King Edward VI. on the Supremacy, printed
from his autograph copy. Liber Canta-
brigiensis.
(590)
Exhibitor,London,1862 (Medal awarded "for
the excellence of his works on Geometry").
Illustrated London News,Proprietors
of the, 198, Strand, London, W.C. Speci-
mens illustrating the Art Department of the
Illustrated London News.
(591)
Proprietors of "The Graphic,” 190,
Strand, London, W.C. The whole process of
producing a high class Illustrated Newspaper,
from the receipt of sketches to the final issue
of printed sheets to the public.
OR (592)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Fine Art Medal).
Dowson, Sutherland, & Co. (Limited),
Wm. John Rusby, Secretary, Newspaper
Proprietors, 12, Fetter Lane, London, E.C.
Complete File, in 8 volumes, of "Iron," a
weekly newspaper.
bm
(593)
Lockwood, Crosby, & Co., Publishers,
No. 7, Stationers' Hall Court, Ludgate Hill,
London, E.C. Books, Weale's Rudimen-
tary Scientific, Educational, and Classical
Series.
(594)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal).
Palmer, Samuel, Park House, Grove
Street, South Hackney, London, E.; Office, 75a,
Strand, London, W.C. "Index to the Times'
Newspaper," a quarterly publication; the only
work of its kind. This work was commenced
in Jan. 1867, and has been continued quar
terly from that date to the present time. (595)
Exhibitor, London, 1872 (Certificate of
Merit). A loved at "rubuenid
Loth, John Thomas, Dr., Teacher of
Modern Languages, 18, Gilmore Place, Edin-
burgh. Educational books; and Illustrated
Work-Illustrations of the Thirty-three
of the Ancient and accepted Scottish
(596)
Smith, David, Dyer, Siddal, Halifax,
Yorkshire. A work on the art of dyeing silk,
cotton, and mixed fabrics, entitled the
Degrees
Rite.
"Dyer's Instructor."
"Dyer's Instructor."
(597)
Exhibitor, Paris, 1867 (Bronze Medal).
Cl. 306.
:
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.

Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.

DEPARTMENT III. CLASSES 300–306.
187
11
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306,
Cl. 261.
Cl. 306,
424.
Johnson, Edmund, 3, Castle Street,
Holborn, London, E.C. A selection of Cata-
logues and other Works, printed and published
by J. M. Johnson & Sons, having reference
to International Exhibitions-Paris, 1867 ;
Havre Maritime, 1868; Amsterdam Inter-
national, 1867; London International Exhibi-
tions, 1871, 1872, 1873, and 1874; Moscow
Polytechnic Exhibition, 1872; Vienna Uni-
versal Exhibition, 1873; Lyons, 1872; Paris
Maritime International Exhibition, 1875. (598)
Dickinson &
Higham, Publishers,
Farringdon Street, London, E.C. The Bind-
ing of the Bible by Birdsall & Son, Book-
binders, Northampton.
"The Hexaglot Bible." Dedicated by
special permission to Her Majesty the Queen.
Six royal quarto vols. A fine paper copy
handsomely bound. Vol. I. The Pentateuch,
632 pages, and an elaborate Prolegomenon to
the entire work, 143 pages. Vol. II. Joshua
2 Kings, 579 pages. Vol. III. 1 Chronicles
-Solomon's Song, 672 pages. Vol. IV.
Isaiah Malachi, 714 pages. Vol. V. The
Four Gospels, 692 pages. Vol. VI. Acts
-Revelation, 914 pages. The versions selected
are as follows:-The Hebrew (in The Old
Testament only), is that of Van Der Hooght,
carefully revised. The Greek, in The Old
Testament, is Dr. Tischendorf's latest edition
with the gaps supplied, in brackets, from
various sources; and, in The New Testament,
Dr. Tischendorf's eighth edition, similarly
supplemented. The Latin in The Old Testa-
ment is the Clementine Edition of The Vul-
gate, and, in The New Testament, Dr. Tischen-
dorf's edition of The Codex Amiatinus, with
the gaps supplied, in brackets, from the
Clementine Edition, and other peculiarities
fully detailed in the Prolegomenon. The
e
Syriac (in The New Testament only) is based
on that of the justly celebrated "Biblia Sacra
"Polyglotta," edited by Bishop Walton, 6
vols., folio, 1657. The F
The English is the autho
is the autho-
Martin
rised version of 1611. The German is Martin
Luther's translation. The French is the trans-
lation executed by David Martin, revised.
The first and second volumes, being the only
portion then completed, were exhibited at the
ed at the
First of the series of Annual International
Exhibitions held in London 1871.
*(599)
Cassell, Petter
and Galpin, Publishers,
La Belle Sauvage Yard, Ludgate Hill, London,
E.C., and 596, Broadway, New York. Books
(Illustrated); Publications (serials); Educa-
tional Books and Appliances, such as Drawing
Copies, Models, Colour Boxes, and Mathe-
matical Instruments, also Electrotypes of
Engravings on Wood.
(600)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal).
Johnson, J. M., & Sons (Limited),
Printers and Show Tablet Manufacturers, 3,
Castle Street, Holborn, London, E.C., and 56,
Hatton Garden, London, E.C. Specimens of
printing in colour, "Chromo-fulgent," "In-
destructible Iron," Patent "Crystal Pearline,"
and Illuminated "Crystalline Iron" Show
Tablets. Exhibited with the Graphic. (601)
Scott, Robson John, Wood Engraver,
Block Manufacturer, No. 8, Whitefriars
Street, Fleet Street, London, E.C. Blocks
used for wood engravings. Compound and
bolted blocks of box and other woods. (602)
Exhibitor, London, 1862; Paris, 1867;
London, 1872 (Certificate); City of London
Workmen's Exhibition, 1866 (Hon. Mention);
*Islington International and Provincial Exhibi-
tion, 1866 (Bronze Medal); International
Workmen's Exhibition, 1870 (Bronze Medal);
Eastern Counties Exhibition, Norwich, 1871
(Bronze Medal).
Stephenson, Blake, & Co., Type Foun
1. Specimen
ders, Sheffield and London.
sheets of Printing Types in glazed frame. 2.
Complete book of Specimens. 3. Sample
Types.
(603)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Prize
Medal); Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal).
Dickes, William, Artist, Engraver, and
Chromo-Printer, Farringdon Road, London,
E.C. Specimens of chromo-lithography, en-
graving, and photographic engraving, and
photographic engraving and printing; framed
oleographs, chromographs from stone and
surface printing, wood engraving, photo-
graphic engraving, &c. All framed for wall
(604)
surface. STI 2
Publ
Day & Son, Chromo-lithographers and,
Publishers, 47, Charing Cross, London, S.W.
Specimens of chromo-lithography, framed
and glazed.
(605)
Holdsworth, Edmund William Hunt,
84, Clifton Hill, St. John's Wood, London,
Cl. 306,
424.
Cl. 306,
542.
Cl. 306,
542.
Cl. 306,
424.
Cl. 306,
424.
Cl. 306.

188
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.
N.W. Work on Deep Sea Fishing and
Fishing Boats. pdragningen (606)
Exhibitor, Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875
(Bronze Medal). Any
viz. :-
Paul, William, F.L.S., Horticulturist,
Waltham Cross, Herts. Six vols., Books,
The Rose Garden.
Roses in Pots.
Roses and Rose Culture.
American Plants.
The Handbook of Villa Gardening.
Lecture on the Hyacinth.
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (Hon. Mention).
(607)
Warner, Robert, 8, Crescent, Cripple-
gate, London, E.C. Two vols. books, "Select
Orchidaceous Plants."
(608)
Cl. 306.
423.
Audsley & Bowes, 11, Dale Street,
Liverpool. Work in folio on the "Keramic
Art in Japan," illustrated by 63 plates in
Chromo-Lithography, Antique Type, &c. In
Seven Parts, of 17. 18. each.
(609)
Norton & Shaw, 7, Garrick Street, Covent
Garden, London; and Euston Square, Lon-
don; or 4, Parker Street, Liverpool. Guide
Books, Maps, &c.
(610)
Price & Co., 36, Great Russell Street,
London. Fac-similes from Ancient MSS. and
Printed Books, more particularly those in-
teresting to Americans.
(611)
Bradbury, Agnew, & Co., Bouverie
Street. Fleet Street, London, E.C. Books and
Specimens of Engravings and Processes. (612)
Ordnance Survey Office. See Cl. 311.
Geological Survey. See Cl. 311.
Williams, Benjamin Samuel. See
Cl. 708.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306,
422.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.
7
Cl. 312.
INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS.
CLASS 310.-Institutions founded for the increase and diffusion of knowledge. Such as the
Smithsonian Institution, the Royal Institution, the Institute of France, British Association
for the Advancement of Science, and the American Association, etc., their organization,
history, and results.
CLASS 311.-Learned and scientific associations. Geological and mineralogical societies, etc.
Engineering, technical, and professional associations. Artistic, biological, zoological,
medical schools, astronomical observatories.
CLASS 312.-Museums, collections, art galleries, exhibitions of works of art and industry.
Agricultural fairs, state and county exhibitions, national exhibitions. International
exhibitions.
Scientific museums, and art museums.
Ethnological and archeological collections.
CLASS 313.—Music and the drama.
South Kensington Museum. Catalogue of Objects exhibited by Order of the
Lords of the Committee of Council on Education
DIVISION I. ILLUSTRATES THE SYSTEM AND RESULT OF
INSTRUCTION GIVEN TO STUDENTS IN SCHOOLS OF ART
THROUGHOUT THE UNITED KINGDOM.
SECT. 1. A series of drawings executed by
students showing the various stages of Instruc-
tion in use in Schools of Art. (60 frames.)
SECT. 2. Sykes' Architectural Studies in
Italy. (11 frames.) These drawings were
made by the late Mr. Godfrey Sykes during
..

DEPARTMENT III-CLASSES 310–313.
189
www.
a sojourn in Italy in the year 1860. Mr.
Sykes was formerly a pupil, and subsequently
a master in the School of Art at Sheffield, of
which town he was a native. He afterwards
held the appointment of decorative artist to
the Museum. The ornamentation in the
South Court, and the Maiolica columns in the
Keramic Gallery were executed under his
superintendence as well as the exterior de-
corations of the Central Building and Official
Residences. (See Div. III.)
SECT. 3. A Collection of Photographs of ob-
jects of Art in the South Kensington Museum,
coloured by students of the school. (16
frames.)
Photographs of objects in the South Ken-
sington Museum, coloured by students of the
school as models for their reproduction in
chromolithography. (6 frames.)
Chromolithographs executed from the pre-
ceding. (6 frames.)
SECT. 4. Photograph of Triptych painted
in grisaille in Limoges enamel, two leaves of
which are in the South Kensington Museum,
the third being the property of Mr. F. Davis,
who lent it to the Special Exhibition of Enamels
on Metal held in 1874. Subject: "St. John
preaching in the Wilderness." Coloured by
James I. Williamson, formerly a student in
the National Art Training School.
Photographs (two; front and back) of a
dish painted in grisaille in translucent
Limoges enamel, by Martial Courtois. Sub-
ject: "Apollo and the Muses." Lent to the
Special Exhibition of Enamels on Metal in
1874, by Sir Richard Wallace, Bart. Coloured
by James I. Williamson.
Photographs (two; front and back) of a
Limoges enamel dish, painted in grisaille,
with flesh tints. Subject: "The Triumph of
Galatea," after Raffaelle. Lent to the Special
Exhibition of Enamels on Metal in 1874, by
Sir Richard Wallace, Bart. The front coloured
by T. Walter Wilson, formerly a student in
the National Art Training School; the back
by Miss Mansell, a student in the school.
Photographs (two; front and back) of a
Limoges enamel plateau, painted in grisaille.
Subject: "The Gifts of Fortune." French,
16th Century. Coloured by J. Randall, a
student of the South Kensington School. The
original is in the South Kensington Museum.
SECT. 5. A Series of Photographs, coloured
by J. Randall, a student of the South Ken-
sington School, for reproduction in chromo-
lithography in order to illustrate the catalogue
of the Maiolica collection in the South Ken-
sington Museum, by C. Drury E. Fortnum,
F.S.A. (2 frames.)
SECT. 6. Etchings of objects in the Mu-
seum, executed in the Etching Class by ad-
vanced students of the South Kensington
School of Art. (46 frames.)
An illustration of the Etching Process. (1
frame.)
SECT. 7. Design drawn to -scale for a
centrepiece, awarded the prize of 50%. offered
by the Goldsmiths' Company, London, 1875.
Details of same, full size. (4 frames.) By
John Watkins, student in the South Kensing-
ton School. Lent by permission of the Gold-
smiths' Company.
SECT. 8. Six Medals, executed by Mr.
George Morgan, formerly a student of the
Birmingham School of Art, and of the South
Kensington School; viz., 1. Art Union of
London, 1875. 2. Reverse of same. 3. Copy
in bronze of the Gold Medal presented to Mr.
Thomas Carlyle on his 80th birthday, 1876.
4. Fowke Memorial Medal. 5. Reverse of
International Exhibition Medal, 1873. 6.
Hany in bronze of the Bessemer Gold Medal.
SECT. 9. Twenty-four specimens of Wall
Papers, designed by students in the school, and
executed by Messrs. Corbière and Sons, of
London and Paris. Nos. 1,105, 1,128-68.
(6 frames.)
A frame containing specimens of labels and
labelling materials used by the
Science an
Science and
Art Department, South Kensington Museum.
4

190
-BRITISH SECTION.
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.
DIVISION II.-REPRODUCTIONS OF WORKS OF ART IN THE
SOUTH KENSINGTON MUSEUM, AS DISTINCT FROM COPIES
BY STUDENTS OF SCHOOLS OF ART.
SECT. 1. A Collection of Plaster Repro-
ductions of Ivories (Fictile Ivory), the ori-
ginals of which are in the South Kensington
Museum. (5 frames.)
SECT. 2. Paper-hangings, designs selected
from patterns on materials in the South Ken-
sington Museum. Manufactured and given
by Mons. P. Balin, of Paris. (1337, 1348,
1351, c and d '74.) (4 frames.)
DIVISION III.-CONSTRUCTION AND DECORATION OF MUSEUM
BUILDING.
SECT. 1. Designs for Wall Tiles, by E. J.
Poynter, A.R.A., used in the decoration of
the Dado of the Grill Room in the Refresh-
ment Department of the Museum. (15 frames.)
SECT. 2. Design for a Mosaic Panel
"Michael Angelo," by the late Godfrey Sykes.
This design has been executed in Mosaic by
the students of the South Kensington School,
and forms part of the decoration of the South
Court.
SECT. 3. Design for a Mosaic Panel,
Apelles," by E. J. Poynter, A.R.A. This
design has been executed in Italian Glass
Mosaic by Messrs. Salviati & Co., and forms
part of the decoration of the South Court.
SECT. 4. Design for a Mosaic Panel,
"Donatello." By Richard Redgrave, R.A.,
late Director General for Art. Executed in
Mosaic by Messrs. Minton, Hollins, & Co.,
forming part of decoration of the South
Court.
SECT. 5. Designs for the decoration of the
Museum; by the late Godfrey Sykes. (8
frames.)
SECT. 6. Designs for the Mosaics used in the
decoration of the exterior of the Branch
Museum, Bethnal Green. By F. W. Moody,
Decorative Artist to the South Kensington
Museum. (2 frames.)
Designs for decoration of upper part of wall
in the North Court, South Kensington Museum.
By F. W. Moody. (1 frame.)
SECT. 7. Photographs of Drawings by John
Watkins, Student of the National Art Training
School, illustrating the Interior and Exterior
decoration of the Museum. (6 frames.)
SECT. 8. Designs by William Bell Scott,
illustrating the History of Earthenware and
Porcelain manufacture; executed on glass for
the windows of the Keramic Gallery, South
Kensington Museum. (2 frames.)
SECT. 9. Tiles painted by Miss A. E. Black,
after designs by E. J. Poynter, A.R.A., used
in the decoration of the Grill Room in the
Refreshment Department of the Museum.
DIVISION IV.-DIAGRAMS PREPARED FOR AND ISSUED BY
THE SCIENCE AND ART DEPARTMENT, FOR THE USE
OF SCHOOLS OF SCIENCE THROUGHOUT THE UNITED
KINGDOM.
I. Ten Diagrams, prepared to illustrate
instruction in building construction, by W. J.
Glenny, Esq., Professor of Drawing in King's
College, London.
II. Table of British Strata, showing their
order of superposition and relative thickness.
Prepared for the use of schools by H. W.
Bristow, Esq., F.R.S., Director of the Geolo-
gical Survey of England and Wales.
III. Six Diagrams, a portion of a set in-
tended to illustrate instruction in Geology
and Palæontology now in course of prepara-
tion by R. Etheridge, Esq., Palæontologist to
the Geological Survey of Great Britain and
Ireland.
IV. Ten Diagrams, illustrating the classi
fication of animals, prepared by R. Patterson,
Esq., M.R.I.A.
V. Sixteen Diagrams, prepared to illus-
trate instruction in machine details, by W.
Cawthorne Unwin, Esq., B. Sc., Professor of
Hydraulic Engineering to the Royal Indian
Civil Engineering College, Cooper's Hill,
Surrey.
1:
器
​

XOPERA W DEPARTMENT III.
DEPARTMENT III.-CLASSES 320–327.
191
Cl. 311,
306.
*
Cl. 311,
306.
VI. Six Diagrams, a portion of a set in-
tended to illustrate instruction in steam and
the steam-engine, now in course of prepara-
tion by C. P. B. Shelley, Esq., C.E., Pro-
fessor of Manufacturing Art in King's College,
London.
Ordnance Survey Office, South-
ampton. MAJOR-GENERAL CAMERON,
R.E., C.B., Director-General.
LIST OF MAPS FOR EXHIBITION.
1. Mounted Map of Part of the CITY OF
WINCHESTER, Scale. Length 7' 6".
Depth 7' 0".
2. Mounted Map of Part of LONDON, 5 feet
Scale. Length 10' 0". Depth 7′ 0″.
2500
3. Mounted Map of SOUTHAMPTON AND
ENVIRONS, 20. Length 7'6". Depth 6' 0".
Length 7'6". Depth 6' 0".
4. Mounted Map of Part of HAMPSHIRE in
and around SOUTHAMPTON, 6-inch Scale
Length 10' 0". Depth 9' 0".
5. Mounted Map of Part of SCOTLAND,
1-inch Scale, in Outline. Length 7' 0".
Depth 5' 6".
6. Mounted Map of Part of SCOTLAND
1-inch Scale. Hill features engraved. Length
7'0". Depth 5′ 6″.
All provided with a Moulding and Roller
at top and bottom.
Three or four Portfolios containing various
specimens of the Ordnance Maps on the
different Scales, and showing the modes of
production.
(621)
Geological Survey of the United
Kingdom of Great Britian and Ireland
(A. C. Ramsay, LL.D., F.R.S., Director
General), Selection of Maps and Sections,
bound in five volumes.
1. Geological Maps. Scale one inch to one
VII. Two diagrams of portion of a set of
77, prepared to illustrate instruction in
Mechanics, under the direction of J. Ander-
son, Esq., LL.D., late Superintendent of
Machinery of the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich.
(620)
mile. Parts of England and Wales, Scotland,
and Ireland.
**
2. Geological Maps. Scale, six inches to
one mile, illustrative of the coal fields. Parts
of Northumberland, Durham, Lancashire, and
Yorkshire.
3. Horizontal Sections. Scale (horizontal
and vertical), six inches to one mile. Descrip-
tive of the geology of the country over which
they are drawn, giving the true outline of the
ground and the actual dip of the beds.
4. Vertical Sections. Scale, 40 feet to one
inch. Illustrative of the Sections and
and Maps,
giving such details as it is impossible to give
in the horizontal sections. In the Coal-
Measure Sections the thickness of each bed
of coal and the mineral structure and thick-
ness of the strata with which they are asso-
h they are
ciated are shown.
Memoirs, descriptive of the Maps, 10 vols;
British Organic Remains, 13 vols.
5. Mineral Statistics. 1870-71-72-73-74.
(622)
Fetherston, John J., Engraver, Col-
lector, and Reproducer of Unique and Rare
storic Portraits and Personal Ornaments,
Dublin. Historic por-
2, Coppinger's Row, Dublin.
traits, miniatures and enamels, unique and
original, reproduced in personal ornaments from
(623)
antique designs. Armours, costumes.
Exhibitor, Paris, 1855; London (two
classes), 1862.
SCIENTIFIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS.
CLASS 320.-Instruments of precision, and apparatus of physical research, experiment, and
illustration.
Astronomical instruments, and accessories, used in observatories.
Transits, mural circles, equatorials, collimators.
Geodetic and surveying instruments. Transit, theodolites, needle compasses. Instru-
ments for surveying underground in mines, tunnels, and excavations.
Nautical astronomical instruments. Sextants, quadrants, repeating circles, dip-sectors.
Levelling instruments and apparatus. Carpenters' and builders' levels, hand levels,
water levels, engineers' levels.
Instruments for deep sea sounding and hydrographic surveying.
Meteorological instruments and apparatus.
Thermometers, pyrometers.
Cl. 312.

192
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
CLASS 320.-cont.
Barometers.
Hygrometers and rain gauges.
Maps, bulletins.
Blanks for reports, methods of recording, reducing, and reporting observations. A
CLASS 321.-Indicating and registering apparatus, other than meteorological; mechanical
calculation.
Viameters, pedometers, perambulators.
Gas meters.
Water meters, current meters, ships' logs, electrical logs.
Tide registers.
Apparatus for printing consecutive numbers.
Counting machines, calculating engines, arithmometers.
CLASS 322.-Weights, measures, weighing and metrological apparatus.
Measures of length; graduated scales on wood, metal, ivory, tape, or ribbon; steel
tapes, chains, rods, verniers, rods and graduated scales for measuring lumber, goods in
packages, casks, etc., gaugers' tools and methods.
Measures of capacity for solids and liquids.
Postal
Weights. Scales and graduated beams for weighing; assay balances, chemical balances.
Ordinary scales for heavy weights; weighing locomotives and trains of cars.
balances. Hydrometers, alcoömeters, lactometers, etc.; gravimeters.
CLASS 323.-Chronometric apparatus.
Chronometers. Astronomical clocks. Church and metropolitan clocks. Ordinary
commercial clocks. Pendulum and spring clocks. Marine clocks. Watches. Clep-
sydras, hour glasses, sun dials. Chronographs, electrical clocks. Metronomes.
CLASS 324.-Optical and thermotic instruments, and apparatus.
Mirrors, plane and spherical.
Lenses and prisms.
Spectacles and eye glasses, field and opera glasses, graphoscopes and stereoscopes.
Cameras and photographic apparatus.
Microscopes.
Telescopes.
Apparatus for artificial illumination, including electric, oxyhydrogen and magnesium light.
Stereopticons.
Photometric apparatus.
Spectroscopes and accessories for spectrum analysis.
Polariscopes, etc.
Thermotic apparatus.
CLASS 325.-Electrical apparatus.
Friction machines.
Condensers and miscellaneous apparatus to illustrate the discharge.
Galvanic batteries and accessories to illustrate dynamical electricity.
Electro-magnetic apparatus.
Induction machines, Rumkorff coils, etc.
Magnets and magneto-electrical apparatus.
CLASS 326.-Telegraphic instruments and methods.
Batteries and forms of apparatus used in generating the electrical currents for tele-
graphic purposes.
Conductors and insulators, and methods of support marine telegraph cables.
Apparatus of transmission; keys, office accessories, and apparatus.
Receiving instruments, relay magnets, local circuits.
Semaphoric and recording instruments.
Codes, signs, or signals.
*
#
#
DEPARTMENT III. CLASSES 320–327.
193
Cl. 320,
276, 555.
Cl. 320,
302.
Cl. 320,
324.
CLASS 326-cont.
Printing telegraphs for special uses.
Electrographs.
Dial or cadran systems.
Apparatus for automatic transmission.
CLASS 327.-Musical instruments and acoustic apparatus.
Percussion instruments, drums, tamborines, cymbals, triangles.
Pianos.
Stringed instruments other than pianos.
Automatic musical instruments, music boxes.
Wind instruments of metal and of wood.
Harmoniums.
Church organs and similar instruments.
Speaking machines.
Vocal music.
Hicks, James Joseph, Meteorological
Instrument Manufacturer, 8, Hatton Garden,
London, E.C. Meteorological and Scientific
Instruments. Barometers, Thermometers,
Hygrometers, Hydrometers, Rain and Wind
Gauges, Current and Air Meters, Clinical
Thermometers, Urinometers, Spirometers,
Enamel Water Gauges for Boilers, Steam and
Vacuum Gauges, Self Recording Meteoro-
logical Instruments.
(630)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal).
Adams, Walter Marsham, Lecturer,
Arundel Club, Salisbury Street, Strand, London,
W.C. The Problem of Pythagoras. For
rendering visible to the eye the reasoning of
Euclid in Book I. 47, and the propositions
upon which it depends. The Colometer for
illustrating the various conceptions and re-
lations necessary for elementary astronomy.
Adopted by the British Government. The
Patent Mensurator, for solving triangles, quad-
ratics, and simultaneous equations, and for
illustrating the principal theorems in Euclid,
Trigonometry, and Analytical Geometry, re-
commended by the Committee of French
Scientific Society to the Ministry of Public
Instruction.
(631)
Negretti & Zambra, Holborn Viaduct,
45, Cornhill, and 123, Regent Street, London.
Optical, Meteorological, and Surveying In-
strument Makers to Her Majesty the Queen,
H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, the Royal Obser-
vatory Greenwich, the Admiralty, and various
departments of the British and Foreign Go-
vernments. Meteorological, Surveying, Op-
tical, and Mathematical Instruments. (632)
London, 1851 (received the only Prize
36714.
Medal); 1862 (Two Prize Medals); Austrian
Government (Gold Merit for Merit); Chilian
Exhibition, 1875 (First Class Medal).
Siemens, Charles William. See Cl.
111, 516.
Clay, Randolph. See Cl. 265, 276, 594.
Lyon, Washington, Marine Salvage
Surveyor, &c., 1, Cowper's Court, Cornhill,
London, E.C. Circular calculating table for
rapidly multiplying numbers above 12. (633)
Exhibitor, London, 1872.
Wier, M.A., & Co., Telegraph Engineers,
6, Kirby Street, Hatton Garden, London,
E.C. Hydro-Gyrometer or Revolution Indi-
(634)
cator.
Clarke & Dunham. See Cl. 573, 674.
Corcoran, Wilt, & Co. See. Cl. 228,
673, 674.
Mercer, Thomas, Chronometer Maker,
161, Goswell Road, London, E.C. Marine
chronometers.
(635)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal).
"
Poole, James, & Co., Chronometer and
Watch Manufacturers (to the Admiralty), 33,
Spencer Street, Clerkenwell, London, E.C.
Marine Chronometers and Watches.
(636)
Exhibitors, Paris Maritime Exhibition,
1875 (Silver Medal). Exhibited in case of
W. Gibson. Class 253.
Frodsham, Charles, & Co., Horological
Instrument Manufacturers. By appointment
in ordinary to the Queen and Prince of
Wales, 84, Strand, London, W.C., the Ancient
N
Cl. 320.
Cl. 320.
Cl. 321.
Cl. 321.
Cl. 322.
Cl. 322.
Cl. 323.
Cl. 323.


Cl. 323.
194
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. —BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 323.
Cl. 323.
Cl. 323.
Cl. 323.
CI. 323,
$22.
و این کار در ایران
House of John Arnold, Inventor of the
Marine Chronometer, and Awarded by the
Honourable the Board of Longitude the Go-
vernment prize of 3,000l. Watches, Keyless
and Key Winding, Fusee and Going Barrels,
Chronometer, Lever, and Trochillic Escape-
ments, Helical and Flat Spiral Balance
Springs. Repeaters, Split Centre Second
Chronograph Watches for Racing and Timing
purposes. Clocks and Chronometers for
Astronomical purposes with galvanic inter-
rupter, Regulators; Portable Standard Time-
keepers; Pocket Chronometers, and Eight
and Two Days Marine Chronometers. (637)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Juror,
Hors Concours); Dublin, 1865 (Juror, Hors.
Concours). Paris, 1867 (Juror, Hors
Concours). Gold Medals of Honour from
Russia, France, and Turkey.
Dent, M. F., Watch, Clock and Chrono-
meter Manufacturer, 33, Cockspur Street,
Charing Cross, London, S.W. Marine Chrono-
meters fitted with Auxiliary Compensation
Balances; Chronometer Keyless Watches fitted
with " duo in uno "balance Springs; Chrono-
graph Watches, Minute Repeating Watches,
Chronometer Clocks, &c. &c.
(638)
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (Council Medal);
1862 (Prize Medal); Paris, 1867 (Silver
Medal).
Claxton, Robert, Chronometer Jeweller,
65, Myddelton Street, Clerkenwell, Lon-
don, E.C.
Chronometer jewellings in all
stages.
(639)
Kullberg, Victor, Chronometer and
Watch Manufacturer, 105, Liverpool Road,
Islington, London, N. Eight and Two Day
Marine Chronometers, with improved balances
for extremes of temperature; Keyless Pocket
Chronometer and Lever Watches, with various
improvements therein; Chronographs, Re-
peaters, &c.canti
(640)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Medal); Paris,
1867 (Gold Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma
of Honour).mloix
Del Riego, M., 284, Regent Street,
London, W. Chronometers, Chronographs,
Repeaters, Keyless Lever Watches, &c.,
specially adapted for warm climates and
sudden changes of
of
(641)
temperature.amer
Morton, George, Watch and Chrono-
meter Balance Spring and Wire Manufac-
turer, 31, Hanover Street, Islington, London,
N. Chronometer (Marine and Pocket) and
Watch (Breguet and Flat) Balance Springs,
and Wire for making same; also Gauge for
gauging same, to the 10,000th part of an
inch..
(642)
Exhibitor, British Horological Society's
Exhibition, London, 1873 (Prize for Springs).
Nicole, Nielson, & Co. (late Nicole and
Capt), 14, Soho Square, London. W. Watches,
Chronometers, Complicated Watches, and
Chronographs.
(643)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal);
Paris, 1855 (First-class Silver Medal); 1867
(Silver Medal).
Whittaker, Richard, Keyless Watch
Maker, 7, Great Sutton Street, Clerkenwell,
London, E.C. Keyless Watches. (Patented
in Great Britain and the United States of
America.)
(644)
Sewill, J., Chronometer and Watch Manu-
facturer, 30, Cornhill, Royal Exchange,
London, E.C.; 61, South Castle Street, Liver-
pool. Maker to the Lords Commissioners of
the Admiralty, Her Majesty's Royal Navy.
Marine Chronometers. Fine English Keyless
or Stem Winding Watches.
(645)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Prize Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Medaille d'Honneur).
Smith, Borthwick (late J. Ryley & Co.),
Watch and Chronometer Manufacturer, Junc-
tion Street, and Albion Street, Coventry.
Gold and Silver Lever Watches and Chro-
nometers, Watch Cases, Dials, and Move-
ments of different constructions, specially
illustrating processes of manufacture and the
Exhibitor's Patented Improvements in watch
construction. Special Tools and Machinery
for Watch manufacture. Patent Rink and
Parlour Skates.
(646)
Exhibitor, Leeds, 1875 (First Prize Medal).
Gibson, William. See Cl. 253, 254.
Middleton, Thomas John, Dissolving
View Apparatus and Lantern Slide Maker to
the Royal Polytechnic Institution, Designer
and Colourer of Dissolving Views, 38,
Little Queen Street, High Holborn, London,
W.C. Magic Lanterns, Dissolving View
Apparatus, Photographs on Glass for the
Magic Lantern; Dissolving Top for the Oxy-
hydrogen Lime Light, Colours and Materials
for painting Magic Lantern Slides. (647)
Crouch, Henry, Optician, 66, Barbican,
London, E.C. Microscopes, Binocular, and
Cl. 323.
Cl. 323.
Cl. 323.
Cl. 323,
340.
Cl. 323.
Cl. 324.


Cl. 324.
品
​DEPARTMENT III.-CLASSES 320-327.
195
Cl. 324.
Cl. 324.
Cl. 324.
Cl. 324.
Cl. 324.
with complete Accessories for every class of
scientific investigation; Students' Microscopes,
Binocular and Monocular, of the latest con-
struction, combining the minimum of weight
with the maximum of stability and excellence
of performance; Microscopes, educational, of
new construction; Cabinets, micro-object, for
mounting specimens, and for Microscopes;
Lamps, Microscopic and Reading. (648)
Ross & Co., Manufacturing Opticians,
7, Wigmore Street, Cavendish Square, London,
W. Microscopes, Monocular and Binocular
Apparatus, Object Glasses, Military, Naval and
SportingTelescopes, Photographic Lenses.(649)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Highest
Award); Paris, 1867 (Gold Medal).
Swift, James, Microscope Maker and
practical Optician, 43, University Street,
Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.
Microscopes of various descriptions, novel
apparatus in connexion with the microscope,
&c.
(650)
Four Gold Medals awarded at the Work-
men's Exhibition, Islington, one to Employer
and three to Co-operators.
Wheeler, Edmund, Preparer and Manu-
facturer of Microscopic Objects, 48, Tollington
Road, Holloway, London, N. These prepa-
rations exhibit the best style of mounting,
finishing, and preserving Specimens for the
Microscope from every branch of Natural
Science, Anatomy, Physiology, Entomology,
Botany, Geology, &c. New Catalogue of 2,000
objects supplied gratis on application. (651)
Exhibitor, London, 1851; Yorkshire Fine
Art and Industrial Exhibition, 1866 (First-
class Prize Medal awarded for "a large and
"varied collection of Microscopic Objects,
"the Mounting exhibiting great excellence").
Beck, R. & J., Manufacturers, 31, Corn-
hill, London, E.C.; Lister Works, Holloway,
London, N. Microscopes, Telescopes, Race
Glasses, Surveying and Meteorological In-
struments. Tools used in construction of
above.
(652)
London, 1851 (Council Medal); 1862
(Medal); Paris, 1855 (First Class); 1867
(Gold Medal).
Dallmeyer, John Henry, Optician, 19,
Bloomsbury Street, London, W.C. Astro-
nomical and Terrestrial Telescopes, Micro-
scopes, Photographic Lenses, Cameras, and
Apparatus.
(653)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Two Medals);
Paris, 1867 (Gold and Silver Medals).
India Rubber, Gutta Percha, and
Telegraph Works Company, Limited,
Manufacturers of India Rubber and Gutta
Percha Goods, Telegraph Submarine Cables,
Wires, and Stores of all descriptions, Works,
Silvertown, Essex, E.; Offices, 100, Cannon
Street, London, E.C. Submarine Telegraph
Cables, Torpedo Telegraph Cables, Subter-
ranean Telegraph Cables, Insulated Telegraph
Wires.
(654)
Siemens Brothers, Telegraph Engineers,
12, Queen Ann's Gate, London, S.W. Cable
Samples, and Gutta Percha in its raw and
manufactured state, as applied to the manu-
facture of Cables.
Pulvermacher, J. L. See Cl. 276.
Meyer & Meltzer. See Cl. 276, 281.
Thermo-Electric Generator Co. See
Cl. 552.
Cl. 325.
Cl. 325.
(655)
Cl. 325.
Cl. 325.
Cl. 325.
Cl. 326.
Telegraph Construction and Main-
tenance Company, Limited, 38, Old
Broad Street, London. Specimens of Sub-
marine Telegraph Cables.
Zimdars, C. E. See Cl. 284.
(656)
Cl. 326.
Cl. 327.
Smith, George, Musical Instrument
Maker, 57, Victoria Park Road, South Hack-
ney, London, late of Ramsgate. Portable
Finger Organ, composed of Wood and Metal
Pipes, with new method of distributing Wind.
Each pipe answers the purpose of four distinct
pipes, this is accomplished without action of
any kind. The instruments are made in every
variety of plain and fancy wood. Compass
CC to G, 13 stops or registers and 56 notes
and two complete sets of keys. Height, 5 ft.
5 in.; depth, 2 ft.; width, 4 ft. 2 in.; in
elegant case.
(657)
Heaps, John Knowles, Folly Hall, Hol-
beck, Leeds. Violin and violincello, con-
structed on mathematical principles. (658)
Exhibitor, London, 1851 (Hon. Mention);
Leeds Industrial Exhibition, 1858 (Medal);
Yorkshire Exhibition of Arts and Manufac-
tures, Leeds, 1875 (Prize Medal).
Browne, H. Justin, Pianoforte Manu-
facturer, 237 & 239, Euston Road, London,
N.W. Two upright cottage pianofortes. (659)

Cl. 327.
Cl. 327.
N 2
196
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 327,
302.
Cl. 327.
Boosey & Co., Manufacturers of Military
Band Instruments and Music Publishers, 295,
Regent Street, London, W.; Depôt, 32, East
14th Street, New York. Musical Wind In-
struments, Brass and Wood, for Brass,
Military Bands and Amateurs, also Percussion
Instruments for Bands. Boosey's Cheap and
Standard Editions of Band, Choral, and
Household Music.
(660)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal).
Brinsmead, John, & Sons, Pianoforte
Manufacturers, 18, Wigmore Street, W., and
Grafton Road, Kentish Town, London, N.W.
Short Walnut Trichord Grand Pianoforte (only
6 ft. 6 in. long), with patent perfect check,
repeater action, solid Iron Frame. Walnut
Trichord Do. 7-octave Semi-grand, with patent
perfect check repeater action, Iron Frame,
&c. Walnut Tricord full sized Grand, with
Patent, 1868, perfect check repeater action, &c.
Walnut Trichord 7-octave Upright Iron Grand,
with similar action. Walnut Half Oblique
Iron Grand, with similar action, designed to
suit the American market. Walnut Trichord
7 octave, with similar action, iron tubular
compensating supports, &c. Rosewood Studio
Piano, with similar action. Models of John
Brinsmead & Sons' Patent Perfect Check
Repeater Action for Upright and Grand
(661)
Pianos.
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Prize Medal);
Paris, 1867 (Prize Medal); Netherlands,
1869 (Diplome de la Mention Extraordi-
naire); Academie Nationale, Paris, 1870 (Gold
Medal); 1874 (Diploma of Honour).
Besson, F., & Co., Musical Instrument
Manufacturer, 198, Euston Road, London, N.
Brass Musical Instruments, suitable for Mili-
tary and Orchestral purposes. F. Besson &
Co.'s latest improvements. 28 Medals of
Honour since 1837.
(662)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855, 1867.
Rein, F. Charles, & Son. See Cl. 276.
Collmann, L. W. See Cl. 217.
Cl. 327.
Cl. 327.
[Cl. 327.
ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE, CHARTS, MAPS, AND GRAPHIC REPRESENTATIONS.
(For Agricultural Engineering, see Class 680.)
(For Mining Engineering, see Class 120.)
CLASS 330.-Civil engineering. Land surveying, public lands, etc.
River, harbour, and coast surveying. Construction and maintenance of roads, streets,
pavements, etc. Surveys and location of towns and cities, with systems of water supply
and drainage. Arched bridges of metal, stone, brick, or beton. Trussed girder bridges.
Suspension bridges. Canals, aqueducts, reservoirs, construction of dams. Hydraulic
engineering and means of arresting and controlling the flow of water.
Submarine constructions, foundations, piers, docks, etc.
CLASS 331.-Dynamic and industrial engineering. Construction and working of machines;
examples of planning and construction of manufacturing and metalurgical establishments.
CLASS 332.-Railway engineering. Location of railways, and the construction and manage-
ment of railways.
CLASS 333.-Military engineering.
CLASS 334.-Naval engineering.
24
CLASS 335.-Topographical maps. Marine and coast charts. Geological maps and sections.
Botanical, agronomical, and other maps, showing the extent and distribution of men.
animals, and terrestrial products. Physical maps.
Meteorological maps and bulletins. Telegraphic routes and stations. Railway and
route maps. Terrestial and celestial globes. Relief maps and models of portions of the
earth's surface. Profiles of ocean beds and routes of submarine cables.
DEPARTMENT III.-CLASSES 340-349. FOR CLAYTO
197
PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, AND MORAL CONDITION OF MAN.
CLASS 340.-Physical development and condition.
The nursery and its accessories.
Gymnasiums, games, and manly sports. Skating, walking, climbing, ball-playing,
acrobatic exercises; rowing, hunting, etc.
CLASS 341.-Alimentation. Markets; preparation and distribution of food.
CLASS 342. The dwelling. Sanitary conditions and regulations. Domestic architecture.
Dwellings characterised by cheapness, combined with the conditions essential to health
and comfort.
Fire-proof structures.
Hotels, club-houses, etc.
Public baths.
CLASS 343.-Commercial systems and appliances.
Mercantile forms and methods, counting-houses and offices.
Banks and banking.
Saving and trust institutions.
Insurance; fire, marine, life, etc.
Commercial organizations, boards of trade, merchants, produce, and stock exchanges.
Corporations for commercial and manufacturing purposes.
Railway and other transportation companies.
Building and loan associations.
CLASS 344.-Money.-Mints and coining.
Collections of current coins.
Historical collections.
Tokens, etc.
Bank notes and other paper circulating mediums.
Commercial paper, bills of exchange, etc.
Securities for payment of money, stocks, bonds, mortgages, ground rents, quit rents.
Precautions against counterfeiting and misappropriation of money.
CLASS 345.-Government and law. Various systems of government.
Departments of government. Revenue and taxation, military organisation, executive
powers, legislative forms and authority, judicial functions and systems, police regulations,
government charities.
International relations; international law; diplomatic and consular service, etc.,
allegiance citizenship; naturalization.
Codes.
Municipal government.
Protection of property in inventions.
Postal system and appliances.
Punishment of crime.

Prisons and prison management and discipline; police stations; houses of correction;
reform schools; naval or marine discipline; punishment at sea.
CLASS 346.-Benevolence.-General hospitals.
Special hospitals for the eye and ear, for women, etc.
Hospitals for contagious and infectious diseases.
Hospitals for the insane-under State control, and private asylums.
Quarantine systems and organisations.
Sanitary regulations of cities.
Dispensaries.
Inebriate asylums.
Lying-in asylums.
Magdalen asylums.
Asylums for infants and children. Foundling and orphan asylums, children's aid societies.
198
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
ی است
Cl. 340.
Cl. 340.
Cl. 340.
Cl. 342.
Cl. 346.*
CLASS 346-cont.
Homes for the aged and infirm; homes for aged men and women; soldiers' homes;
homes for the maimed and deformed; sailors' homes.
Treatment of paupers. Almshouses, feeding the poor, lodging houses.
Emigrant aid societies.
Treatment of aborigines.
Prevention of cruelty to animals.
CLASS 347.-Co-operative associations.
Political societies and organizations.
Military organisations and orders.
Trade unions and associations.
Industrial organisations.
Secret orders and fraternities.
CLASS 348.-Religious organizations and systems.-Origin, nature, growth, and extent of
various religious systems and faiths. Statistical, historical, and other facts.
Religious orders and societies, and their objects.
Societies and organisations for the propagation of systems of religion by missionary effort.
Spreading the knowledge of religious systems by publications.
Bible societies, tract societies, colportage.
Systems and methods of religious instruction and training for the young.
Sunday schools, furniture and apparatus.
Associations for religious or moral improvement.
Dispensing charities, church guilds.
CLASS 349.-Art and industrial exhibitions.-Agricultural fairs, state and county exhibitions,
national exhibitions, international exhibitions, international congresses, etc.
Lewis, J., 177, Canongate, Edinburgh.
Curling stones.
(670)
Nicholson, Hamlet, Inventor and
Patentee, Kilner Deyne Terrace, The Park,
Rochdale. Patent compound cricket and play-
ing balls. Claims superiority over leather
balls in cheapness and durability, a true
sphere, does not absorb moisture, is less
injurious to the bat, and is the exact weight
(671)
prescribed by the laws of cricket.
Exhibitor, London, 1862, 1871 (Certifi-
oate); Paris, 1867.
Smith, Borthwick. See Cl. 323.
Cochrane, Robert, C.E., Architect
Athlone, Ireland. Drawings illustrating the
application of concrete to the erection of an
improved construction of dwellings, combining
the essentials of health, comfort, and eco-
nomy with artistic treatment.
(672)
Greenway, Henry, Surgeon, Plymouth,
England. Drawings and description of Mr.
Greenway's method of Hospital construction.
This plan consists of a substantial building
containing a smaller one, the side and end
spaces between the two forming corridors.
The inner building is made of glass (toughened,
if procurable), or enamelled sheet-iron and
glass, fixed in iron framework, and is sub-
divided so as to form two rows of compart-
ments, each compartment having an entrance
from the corridor. Efficient means are pro-
vided for the inlet of fresh air and the extrac-
tion of foul air, and for warming the building.
By this plan each patient is surrounded with
air uncontaminated by himself, by his fellow-
patients, or by the building, the materials of
which the compartments are made being non-
absorbent, and the ventilation constant and
complete. Although each patient would be
isolated he would not feel lonely, as he could
see and converse with his neighbour through
the glass partition. The nature of the parti-
tions also enables the nurse to see the patients
through either row of compartments.
plan is especially adapted for the reception of
wounded patients, for a fever hospital, and a
lying-in hospital. - (See British Medical
Journal, May 11, 1872; Nov. 15, 1873;
Sept. 26, 1874; Jan. 30, 1875; June 19,
1875.)
(673)
This
Exhibitor, London, 1873 (Medal for Sur-
gical Inventions).
4
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1876.
British Pictures having a Black Maltese Cross attached to the right-hand
corner of the Frame are for Sale. Information regarding the Price, &c.
can be obtained from the Superintendent of Fine Arts, at the Office of
the British Executive.
DEPARTMENT IV.— CLASSES 400-405.UNAYT,
199
DEPARTMENT IV.-FINE ARTS.
Sculpture.
CLASS 400.-Figures and groups in stone, metal, clay, or plaster.
CLASS 401.-Bas-reliefs, in stone, or metal; electrotype copies.
CLASS 402.-Medals, pressed and engraved; electrotypes of medals.
CLASS 403.-Hammered and wrought work-repousse and rehausse work, embossed and engraved
relief work.
CLASS 404.-Cameos, intaglios, engraved stones, dies, seals, etc.
CLASS 405.-Carvings in wood, ivory, and metal.
%
The Initials appended to the Names of Artists in the following pages signify as follows:-P.R.A.,
President, R.A., Academician, A.R.A., Associate, and A.E., Associate Engraver of the Royal Academy of Arts,
England; P.R.S.A., President, R.S.A., Member, of the Royal Scottish Academy.
When not otherwise stated the Artist is also the contributor.
.....
Cl. 400.
Cl. 400.
Cl. 400.
Cl. 400.
Cl. 400.
CI. 400.
Cl. 400.)
401,403.
ADAMS-ACTON, JOHN, 103, Marylebone Road, London.
1. IL GUIOCATORE DE CASTELLETTO-A life-size group of Boy and Dog in Carrara Marble.
Lent by SAMUEL BUDGETT, Esq.
2. Ideal Bust in Marble-THE STAR OF THE PERIOD.
BAILEY, EDWARD HODGES, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1788; died, 1867.
3. BUST OF FLAXMAN
BELL, JOHN, 15, Douro Place, Kensington, London.
Lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
3A. Colossal Group of "AMERICA," from the original marble at the Albert Memorial, repro-
duced in Terra-Cotta, by MESSRS. H. DOULTON & Co.
CHANTREY, SIR FRANCIS LEGATT, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1781; died, 1842.
4. Bust oF THE LATE BENJAMIN WEST, P.R.A.
D'EPINAY, PROSPERE, 57, Via Sistina, Rome.
M
5. Bronze Statue-THE SPARTAN BOY.
DOULTON, HENRY, & Co.
Lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, London.

5A. Terra-Cotta Reproduction of Colossal Group of " AMERICA," previously referred to.
ELKINGTON & CO. See Cl. 217, 452, 454.
GIBSON, JOHN, R.A., the Late.
MAI HÀ N
Cl. 400.
Born, 1790; died, 1866.
6. VENUS
Lent by RICHARD C. NAYLOR, ESQ.
MIOTA A ATIYA TWRKI.
200
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 400.
Cl. 400,
405.
Cl. 400.
Cl. 400.
Cl. 400.
Cl. 401.
Cl. 402.
Cl. 402.
Cl. 404.
GOWER, LORD RONALD LEVESON, Stafford House, London.
6A. No. 1.-MARIE ANTOINETTE, WHEN DAUPHINESS, HUNTING AT FONTAINEBLEAU.
No. 2.-MARIE ANTOINETTE ON HER WAY TO EXECUTION, 16 OCTOBER 1793.
No. 3.-" IT IS FINISHED."
HEMS, HARRY. See Cl. 217.
JOY, A. BRUCE, The Avenue No. 8, 76, Fulham Road, London.
7. THE FAIRY TALE-Statuette of Child.
8. BUST OF A GIRL.
9. BUST OF NAPOLEON III.
10. MEDALLIONS.
TINWORTH, GEORGE. See Cl. 206.
WOOD, MARSHALL, Sculptor, 17, Osnaburgh Street, Regent's Park, London.
MARBLE STATUES.
DOOLIN, WALTER, Monumental Stone Mason, 23, Westland Row, Dublin.
1773.
Two Celtic Crosses, carved after the ancient Irish crosses in limestone. Exhibited in THE
GROUNDS.
MORGAN, GEORGE, 144, Finborough Road, West Brompton, London.
"Frame of Medals." Exhibited in SOUTH KENSINGTON COLLECTION.
WYON, J. S. & A. B., Chief Engravers of Her Majesty's Seals, Medallists to the Queen, &c.,
287, Regent Street, and 2 & 3, Langham Chambers, London.
One frame containing Medals and Seals.
ORTNER & HOULE. See Cl. 258.
Painting.
CLASS 410.-Paintings in oil on canvas, panels, etc.
CLASS 411.-Water colour pictures; aquarelles, miniatures, etc.
CLASS 412.-Frescoes, cartoons for frescoes, etc.
CLASS 413.-Painting with vitrifiable colours. Pictures on porcelain, enamel, and metal.
Class 410.-Oil Colour Paintings.
The Initials appended to the Names of Artists in the following pages signify as follows :-P.R.A.,
President, R.A., Academician, A.R.A., Associate, and A.E., Associate Engraver of the Royal Academy of Arts.
England; P.R.S.A., President, R.S.A., Member, of the Royal Scottish Academy.
When not otherwise stated the Artist is also the contributor.
ANSDELL, RICHARD, R.A., Lytham House, St. Alban's Road, Kensington, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1861; elected full member, 1870.
1. ON THE HILLS-PTARMIGAN SHOOTING.
2. THE ANXIOUS MOTHER.
ANTHONY, MARK, The Lawn, Hampstead, Middlesex.
な
​3. SUNSET AFTER A STORM
Lent by THOMAS WINTER, ESQ.
BETER DEPARTMENT IV.-CLASSES 410-413. Arm
201
26
ARCHER, J., R.S.A., 51, Phillimore Gardens, Kensington, London.
4. PORTRAIT OF MRS. HENRY JOACHIM
5. THE THREE SISTERS.
Lent by HENRY JOACHIM, ESQ.
ARMITAGE EDWARD, R.A., 3, Hall Road, St. John's Wood, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1867; elected full member, 1872.
6. JULIAN THE APOSTATE PRESIDING AT A CONFERENCE OF SECTARIANS.
BARRY, JAMES, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1741; Died, 1806.
7. ADAM AND EVE
...
Lent by the CORPORATION OF LIVERPOOL.
Lent by the SOCIETY OF ARTS, LONDON.
BOUGHTON, G. H., Grove Lodge, Palace Garden Terrace, Kensington, London.
8. GOD Speed
BRETT, JOHN, 38, Harley Street, London.
9. MORNING AMONGST THE GRANITE BOULDERS
BUCKNER, R., 3, Cleveland Row, St. James's, London.
10. PORTRAIT OF LADY MARIANNE ALFORD
Lent by A. M. MARSDEN, ESQ.
Lent by MRS. McEwEN.
Lent by THE EARL Brownlow.
CALDERON, PHILIP H., R.A., 16, Grove End Road, St. John's Wood, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1864; elected full member, 1867.
11. AFTER THE BATTLE
Lent by HENRY W. F. BOLCKOw, Esq., M.P.
12. DESDEMONA
Lent by G. C. SCHWABE, ESQ.
13. THE SIESTA
"She sang a song of willow."
Lent by MESSRS. AGNEW & Sons.
CALLCOTT, SIR AUGUSTUS WALL, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1779; died 1844.
14. MORNING-A Landscape
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, London.
Lent by JAMES STEVENSON, Esq.
CAMERON, HUGH, R.S.A., Albert Gate Studios, 6, William Street, Knightsbridge, London.
15. AGE AND INFANCY
CAUTY, H. H., Highlight, Campden Hill, Kensington, London.
16. LITTLE SUNSHINE.
CLARK, J., 394, Camden Road, London,
17. THE SICK CHILD
18. THE BIRD'S NEST
Lent by H. J. TURNER, ESQ.
Lent by GEORGE DIBLEY, Esq.
CLINT, ALFRED, 54, Lancaster Road, Kensington Park, London.
President of the Society of British Artists, London.

19. LAKE SCENE-SUNSET.
20. SUNSET-HASTINGS.
COLE, VICAT, A.R.A., Little Campden House, Kensington, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1870.
21. MISTY MORNING
22. NOON
*.
** *
*the first soft light of morn that
"Melts the fairy silver of the frost."
Lent by J. C. BUNTEN, ESQ.
Lent by E. J. REED, ESQ., C.B., M.P.
"While Nature lies around deep lulled in noon."
202
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
CONSTABLE, JOHN, R.A., the Late, Ascom/lid) in..
*Born, 1776; died, 1837.
23. THE LOCK
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
COOKE, EDWARD WILLIAM, R.A., Glen Andred, Groombridge, Tunbridge Wells.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1851; elected full member, 1863.
24. THE GOODWIN LIGHTSHIP
Lent by THOMAS BRASSEY, Esq., M.P.
25. THE RESCUE OF A BARQUE ON THE GOODWINS BY THE VAN KOOK NORTH DEAL LIFE
BOAT
Lent by HENRY DEWHURST, Esq.
COPE, CHARLES WEST, R.A., 19, Hyde-Park-Gate-South, Kensington Gore, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1843; elected full member, 1848.
Silver medallist.
26. LAUNCELOT GOBBO
Shylock. The patch is kind enough; but a huge feeder.
Snail slow in profit, and he sleeps by day
More than the wild cat; drones hive not with me;
Therefore I part with him; and part with him
To one that I would have him help to waste
Lent by R. PEACOCK, ESQ.
His borrowed purse.-Merchant of Venice, Act ii., Scene v.
27. TAMING OF THE SHREW
Katharina. I pray you, husband, be not so disquiet;
The meat was well enough, if you were so contented.
Petruchio. I tell thee Kate, 'twas burnt and dried away.
And I expressly am forbid to touch it,
For it engenders choler, planteth anger;
28. THE MARRIAGE OF GRISELDA (from Chaucer)
"This royalle Marquis richly was arraied,
With Lords and Ladies in his companie,
The whiche unto the feste werin yprayed,
And of his retinue the Bachelerie.
With many a soune of sondrie melodie.
And to the village of whiche I you tolde,
In this arraye the right way hath yholde."
CRESWICK, THOMAS, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1811; died, 1869..
29. LANDSCAPE
Lent by J. FIELDEN, ESQ., M.P.
And better 'twere that both of us did fast,-
Since, of ourselves, ourselves are choleric,-
Than feed it with such over-roasted flesh.
Be patient; to-morrow it shall be mended,
And, for this night, we'll fast for company.
Taming of the Shrew, Act iv., Scene i.
Lent by GEORGE MOORE, Esq.
"As she wolde over the threshold gone,
The Marquis came, and gan for her to calle,
And she sette doune her water-pot anon
Beside the threshold of the Ox'is stalle."
*
"Griselde, sayed he, ye shall welle understond,
It liketh unto your father and to me,
That I you wedde, and eke it may so stonde,
As I suppose, ye wolle that it so be."
Chaucer, "Canterbury Tales,” (Clerk's Tale).
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
CROFTS, E., 34, Adlerstrasse, Düsseldorf.
30. LIGNY
CROWE, EYRE, 33, Langham Street, Great Portland Street, London.
31. AFTER A RUN
Lent by W. Howe, Esq.
Lent by MESSRS. AGNEW & SONS.
32. GOLDSMITH'S MOURNERS. (See J. Forster's " Life of Oliver Goldsmith.”)
DANIELL, WILLIAM, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1769; died, 1837.
23. VIEW OF THE COAST
33. VIEW OF THE COAST OF Scotland.
"R
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
K
HUN DEPARTMENT IV.-CLASSES 410-413.Alim
203
DOBSON, WILLIAM CHARLES THOMAS, R.A., Eldon House, Hampstead, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1860; elected full member, 1871.
34. CHILDREN'S CHILDREN ARE THE CROWN OF OLD MEN.

35. NAZARETH
36. THE WIDOW'S SON RAISED TO LIFE.
Lent by J. CAROLUS STIRLING, ESQ.
Lent by WILLIAM BOWMAN, Esq., F.R.S.
DONALDSON, ANDREW B., 10, Argyll Road, Kensington, London.
37. THE EVE OF THE BATTLE-JEANNE D'ARC ENCOURAGING THE TROOPS.
ELMORE, ALFRED, R.A., 1, St. Alban's Road, Victoria Road, Kensington, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1845; elected full member, 1857.
38. TWO WOMEN SHALL BE GRINDING AT THE MILL
39. ON THE HOUSETOPs.
Lent by JOHN BOWRING, ESQ.
"That which ye have spoken in the ear in closets shall be proclaimed on the Housetops."
40. LENORE.
ETTY, WILLIAM, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1787; died, 1849.
41. SLEEPING NYMPH AND SATYRS.
FAED, THOMAS, R.A., Grove House, Chigwell, Essex.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1861; elected full member, 1864.
Hon. Member of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna,
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
42. GOD'S ACRE
43. BAITH FAITHER AND MITHER
FIELD, W., East Heath Studio, Hampstead, London.
44. THE MILK MAID'S SONG TO IZAAK WALTON.
Lent by GEORGE Fox, Esq.
Lent by H. W. F. BOLCKOW, Esq., M.P.
"Come live with me and be my love."
FILDES, S. LUKE, The Studios, 22, King Henry's Road, Regent's Park, London.
45. APPLICANTS FOR ADMISSION TO A CASUAL WARD
46. BETTY
Lent by THOMAS TAYLOR, ESQ.
Lent by ISAAC M. MARS DEN, Esq.
FRITH, WILLIAM POWELL, R.A., 7, Pembridge Villas, Bayswater, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1845; elected full member, 1853.
Hon. Member of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna.
47. THE MARRIAGE OF H.R.H. THE PRINCE OF WALES IN ST. GEORGE'S CHAPEL, WINDSOR,
10 MARCH 1863
48. THE RAILWAY STATION
49. PAMELA
FUSELI, HENRY, R.A., the Late
Born, 1741; died, 1825.
50. THOR BATTERING THE SERPENT OF MISGARD.
GAINSBOROUGH, THOMAS, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1727; died, 1788.
Lent by HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN.
Lent by MESSRS. GRAVES & Co.
Lent by H. W. F. BOLCKOW, Esq., M.P.

Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
Lent by BARON LIONEL DE ROTHSCHILD.
51. PORTRAIT OF THE DUCHESS OF RICHMOND.
GILBERT, SIR JOHN, A.R.A., Vanbrugh Park, Blackheath, Kent.mf auT 99
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1872.
President of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
52. THE FIRST PRINCE OF WALES
53. THE BATTLE OF NASEBY
Lent by EDWIN LAWRENCE, Esq.
Lent by MESSRS. AGNEW & SONS.
(204
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
GILL, E., Linn Villa, Sutton Hill, Surrey.
54. RHAIAD Dú, DOL-Y-MELYNEN, NORTH WALES
uth Lent by LEWIS LOYD, Esq
GIRARDOT, E. G., The Studios, Upper Park Road, Haverstock Hill, London.
55. HERR CARL DEICHMANN, VIOLINIST and Composer.
GOODALL, FREDERICK, R.A., Graeme's Dyke, The Levels, Harrow Weald, Middlesex.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1852; elected full member, 1863.
56. CAIRO FRUIT GIRL
Lent by MESSRS. PILGERAM ANd Lefèvre.
GRAHAM, PETER, 93, Ladbroke Road, Notting Hill, London.
57. ON THE WAY TO THE CATTLE TRYST
58. WIND
Lent by THOMAS JESSOP, Esq., J.P.
Lent by A. BROGDEN, ESQ., M.P.
GRANT, SIR FRANCIS, P.R.A., 27, Sussex Place, Regent's Park, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1842; elected full member, 1851;
elected President, 1866.
59. THE LATE VISCOUNT HARDINGE, GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA, RETURNING
FROM THE BATTLE OF FEROZESHAH, accompanied by his eldest Son, the Hon.
Charles Hardinge (his Private Secretary), his Nephew, Colonel R. B. Wood
(Military Secretary), and his second Son, the Hon. Arthur Hardinge, A.D.C.
Of the remainder of his Staff, 10 in number, five were killed and five wounded.
The background represents the captured Camp and Village of Ferozeshah.
Lent by VISCOUNT HARDINGE.
The following extract from a letter of the late Viscount Hardinge was quoted by Sir R. Peel on moving
the vote of thanks to the Army of the Sutlej, March 3, 1846 :-
"The night of the 21st was the most extraordinary of my life. I bivouacked with the men without
food or covering, and our nights are bitterly cold. A burning camp is in our front, our brave
fellows were lying down under a heavy cannonade. In this state, with a handful of men who had
carried the batteries the night before, I remained till morning, finding myself with my old friends
of the 29th, 31st, 50th, and 9th Regiments. My answer to all and every man was that we must
attack the enemy at daybreak, beat him, or die honourably in the field; in this the gallant old
General (Lord Gough) entirely coincided with me. In the morning we drove the enemy without
a halt, from one extremity of the camp to the other, capturing 30 or 40 guns. The men drew up
afterwards in excellent line, the regimental colours lowering to me as on parade. The mournful
part is the heavy loss I have sustained, 10 A.D.C.'s hors de combat, 5 killed and 5 wounded.”
60. PORTRAIT OF MRS. MARKHAM.
61. PORTRAIT OF THE EARL RUSSELL, K.G.
(Painted when he was Lord John Russell, Premier.)
Lent by THE EARL RUSSELL, K.G.
GRAVES, The Honourable HENRY, 19, Albert Mansions, Victoria Street, London.
62. PORTRAIT OF MRS. ANDERTON
HARDY, HEYWOOD, 19, St. John's Wood Road, London.
63. THE DISPUTED TOLL
HAYTER, Sir GEORGE.
Born, 1792; died, 1871.
64. PORTRAIT OF HER MAJESTY IN CORONATION ROBES.
Lent by W. I. ANDERTON, ESQ.
Lent by MESSRS. AGNEW & SONS.
Lent by HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN.
HERDMAN, R., R.S.A., St. Bernard's, Bruntsfield Crescent, Edinburgh.
65. PORTRAIT OF THOMAS CARLYLE.
MX(Replica.)
66. THE FIRST CONFERENCE BETWEEN MARIE STUART AND JOHN KNOX,
HOLYROOD, 1561.
Lent by JOHN H. SHERWOOD, Esq., of New York, U.S.
HERING, G. E., 45, Grove End Road, St. John's Wood, London.
67. A RIFT IN THE GLOOM, GLEN SANNOX
Lent by JOHN PENDER, ESQ., M.P.
DEPARTMENT IV.-CLASSES 410-413.
205
*
HICKS, G. E., 36, Kensington Park Road, London.
68. WILL HE DO IT?
HILTON, WILLIAM, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1786; died, 1839.
69. THE RAPE OF GANYMEDE
#
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
HODGSON, J. E., A.R.A., 5, Hill Road, Abbey Road, St. John's Wood, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1873.
Lent by H. J. TURNER, ESQ.
Lent by THOMAS TAYLOR, ESQ.
70. A NEEDY KNIFEGRINDER
71. RETURNING THE SALUTE
HOLL, F., 30, Gloucester Road, Regent's Park, London.
72. "THE LORD GAVE, THE LORD HATH TAKEN AWAY;
OF THE LORD
BLESSED BE THE NAME
Lent by F. C. PAWLE, ESQ.
73. VILLAGE FUNERAL. "I AM THE RESURRECTION AND THE LIFE."
Lent by JOHN AKROYD, ESQ.
HOOK, JAMES CLARKE, R.A., Silverbeck, Churt, Farnham, Hants.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1850; elected full member, 1860.
Gold and Silver Medallist.
74. FROM UNDER THE SEA
Lent by C. P. MATTHEWS, ESQ.
HORSLEY, JOHN CALLCOTT, R.A., 1, High Row, Kensington, London."
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1855; elected full member, 1864.
Silver Medallist.
75. CHECK-MATE NEXT MOVE
76. SUNNY EFFECTS
77. LOST AND FOUND..
Lent by THOMAS JESSOP, Esq., J.P.
Lent by MESSRS. AGNEW & SONS.
Lent by J. PENN, ESQ.
"But when he was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and had compassion on him, and fell on his
neck and kissed him."-Parable of the Prodigal Son.
HUGHES, ARTHUR, 2, Finborough Road, Fulham Road, London.
78. THE CONVENT BOAT
HUNT, HOLMAN, 1, King Street, St. James's, London.
79. PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST.
HUNTER, COLIN, 61, Carlton Hill, London.
80. TRAWLERS WAITING FOR THE DARKNESS
Lent by GEORGE TRIST, Esq.
Lent by ALEXR. S. STEVENSON, Esq.

JOHNSON, C. E., 34, Gloucester Road, Regent's Park, London.
81. THE LAST OF THE SPANISH ARMADA.
JOHNSTON, A., 46, FitzRoy Street, London.
82. THE MARRIAGE OF THE COVENANTERS
JONES, T. A., P.R.H.A., 9, Upper Mount Street, Dublin.
83. LIMERICK LASSES
Lent by JAMES VIRTUE, ESQ.
or
Lent by JOHN LEWIS, Esq.
JOPLING, Mrs. LOUISE, 8, Clareville Grove, South Kensington, London.
84. THE FIVE SISTERS OF YORK.
"He descried, at no great distance, the five sisters seated on the grass, with Alice in the centre: all busily
plying their customary task of embroidering.
"Save you, fair daughters,' said the friar."- Vide "Nicholas Nickleby."
206
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
KING, HAYNES, Camden Studios, Camden Street, Oakley Square, London.
85. FIRST STEPS
KNIGHT, C. P., 5, Wetherell Place, Clifton, Bristol.
86. NEWPORT BAY, PEMBROKESHIRE.
LANCE, GEORGE, the Late.
Born, 1802; died, 1864.
87. THE UNWELCOME GUEST
LANDSEER, SIR EDWIN, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1802; died, 1873.
88. THE TRAVELLED MONKEY
89. THE SICK MONKEY
90. PORTRAIT OF LORD ASHBURTON
91. STUDY OF A LION
92. STUDY OF A LION
LAURENCE, S., 6, Wells Street, Oxford Street, London.
93. PORTRAIT OF ROBERT BROWNING, THE POET.
LAWRENCE, SIR THOMAS, P.R.A., the Late.
Born, 1769; died, 1830.
94. PORTRAIT OF THE FIRST LORD ASHBURTON
Lent by EDWARD GEORGE BARR, ESQ.
Lent by G. E. LANCE, ESQ.
Lent by LORD NORTHBROOK.
Lent by LORD NORTHBROOK.
Lent by LADY LOUISA ASHBURTON.
Lent by THOMAS H. HILLS, Esq.
Lent by THOMAS H. HILLS, Esq.
Lent by LADY LOUISA ASHBURTON.
95. THE THREE FIRST PARTNERS OF THE BARING HOUSE; viz., Sir Francis Baring,
first Baronet, his Brother John Baring, and his Son-in-Law Charles Wall.
Lent by LORD NORTHBROOK.
LEHMANN, RUDOLPH, 1, South Villas, Campden Hill, Kensington, London.
96. “LA ROTA” AT THE FOUNDLING HOSPITAL, ROME
97. PORTRAIT OF MRS. HENRY SCHLESINGER
Lent by LEWIN MOZLEY, ESQ.
Lent by HENRY SCHLESINGER, Esq.
LEIGHTON, FREDERICK, R.A., 2, Holland Park Road, Kensington, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1864; elected full member, 1868.
o Correspondent of the Institute of France.
98. SUMMER MOON
99. INTERIOR OF A JEW'S HOUSE, DAMASCUS
Lent by ALFRED MORRISON, ESQ.
Lent by BINGHAM MILDMAY, Esq.
100. EASTERN SLINGER SCARING BIRDS IN THE HARVEST TIME-MOONRISE.
LESLIE, C. R., R.A., the Late,
Born, 1794; Died 1859.
101. MAY DAY IN THE TIME OF QUEEN ELIZABETII
Lent by J. NAYLOR, Esq.
LESLIE, GEORGE, D., A.R.A., 8, Grove End Road, St. John's Wood, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1868.
102. CELIA'S ARBOUR
103. THE MILLER'S DAUGHTER
Lent by G. C. SCHWABE, Esq.
Lent by W. D. MORGAN, ESQ., of New York, U.S.
LEWIS, C. J., Cheyne House, Chelsea, London.
104. SUNDAY MORNING.
105. A BERKSHIRE BARLEYFIELD.
LEWIS, JOHN FREDERICK, R.A., Walton-on-Thames.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1859; elected full member, 1864.
106. THE PRAYER OF FAITH HEALETH THE SICK
Lent by J. WARDELL, ESQ.
DEPARTMENT IV.-CLASSES 410-413.GADS
207
LUTYENS, C., 16, Onslow Square, South Kensington, London.OLI
107. PORTRAIT OF F. BARNE, Esq. ..
MacCALLUM, A., 47, Bedford Gardens, Kensington, London.
108. SULTRY EVE.
MACLAREN, W., Capri, near Naples.
109. A GAME OF KNUCKLEBONES
MACLISE, DANIEL, R.A., the Late
Born, 1811; died, 1870.
110. THE BANQUET SCENE FROM MACBETH
111. THE WOOD RANGER
Lent by F. BARNE, ESQ.
Lent by F. W. Cosens, Esq.
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
MacWHIRTER, J., 6, Marlborough Road, St. John's Wood, London.
112. OUT IN THE COLD
113. LAND OF THE MOUNTAIN AND THE FLOOD..
114. VALLEY OF SLAUGHTER
Lent by CAPTAIN HILL.
Lent by KAYE KNOWLES, ESQ.
Lent by GEORGE FOX, Esq.
MARKS, HENRY STACY, A.R.A., 15, Hamilton Terrace, St. John's Wood, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1873.
115. THE ORNITHOLOGIST
116. THE THREE JOLLY POST-Boys
"Three jolly post-boys
Sitting at the Dragon,
Three jolly post-boys
Sitting at the Dragon,
And they determined,
And they determinèd,
And they determinèd
Lent by GEORGE FOX, Esq.
Lent by MESSRS. AGNEW & SONS.
#
To finish out the flagon."
MASON, GEORGE, A.R.A., the Late.
Born, 1818; died, 1872.
117. WIND ON THE WOLDS
Lent by FREDERICK LEIGHTON, Esq., R.A.
MILLAIS, JOHN EVERETT, R.A., 7, Cromwell Place, South Kensington, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1853; elected full member, 1863.
Gold and Silver Medallist.
118. EARLY DAYS
MOORE, HENRY, 4, Sheffield Terrace, Kensington, London.
119. A WINTER GALE IN THE CHANNEL
120. STORM COMING ON AT SUNSET-COAST OF NORTH WALES
MULREADY, WILLIAM, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1786; died, 1863.
121. THE VILLAGE BUFFOON
Lent by C. P. MATTHEWS, Esq.

Lent by H. SMITH WRIGHT, ESQ.
Lent by E. BOLLANS, ESQ.
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
MUTRIE, MISS A. F., 36, Palace Garden Terrace, Kensington, London.oppe og
122. WHITE CACTUS.
MUTRIE, MISS M. D., 36, Palace Garden Terrace, Kensington, London.
123. COTTAGE WINDOW.
ZIADYUM M
NEWTON, GILBERT STEWART, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1795; died, 1835.
124. ABELARD
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
208
BRITISH SECTION.
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.
NICOL, ERSKINE, A.R.A., 24, Dawson Place, Bayswater, London. I
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1866.
125 PAYING THE RENT
126. THE DISPUTED BOUNDARY
NORTHCOTE, J., R.A., the Late.
Born, 1746; died, 1831.
Lent by F. O'Day, Esq., of St. Louis, U.S.
Lent by A. T. STEWART, ESQ., of New York, U.S.
127. THE MARRIAGE OF THE YOUNG PRINCE RICHARD DUKE OF YORK, SECOND SON OF KING
EDWARD THE FOURTH, WITH Anne, DaughteR OF THE DUKE OF NORFOLK, 15 May 1478.
Lent by HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN.
London.
O'NEIL, HENRY, A.R.A., 7, Victoria Road, Kensington,
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1860.
Double Silver Medallist.
128. A VOLUNTEER.
OPIE, JOHN, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1761; died, 1807.
129. PORTRAIT OF HANNAH MORE
Lent by the DUKE OF MANCHESTER.
ORCHARDSON, WILLIAM QUILLER, A.R.A., Hyndford House, 239, Brompton, Road, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1868.
130. PRINCE HENRY, POINS, AND FALSTAFF.
:
Prince. Farewell this latter spring,
Farewell alhallown summer.
131. MOONLIGHT ON THE LAGOONS, VENICE
OULESS, W. W., 43, Bloomsbury Square, London.
132. PORTRAIT OF JOHN Rous, Esq.
133. PORTRAIT OF PHILIP M. WESTLAKE, ESQ.
OWEN, WILLIAM, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1769; died, 1825.
134. BOY AND KITTEN
Lent by C. MoxON, ESQ.
Lent by H. J. TURNER, ESQ.
Lent by BART. ROUS, ESQ.
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
Lent by ALEXR. S. STEVENSON, Esq.
PATON, W. H., R.S.A., 14, George Street, Edinburgh.
135. A DELL WITHOUT A NAME
PEELE, J. T., 7. Percy Street, Bedford Square, London.
136. CHILDREN AND GOLdfish.
PERUGINI, CHARLES EDWARD, 141, Warwick Street, Eccleston Square, London.
137. PORTRAIT OF MRS. C. E. PERUGINI.
(Younger Daughter of the late Charles Dickens, Esq.)
PETTIE, JOHN, R.A., 21, St. John's Wood Road, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1866; elected full member, 1873.
138. TOUCHSTONE AND AUDREY
Shakespeare's As You Like It.
139. SMUGGLER AND EXCISEMAN-TUSSLE FOR THE KEG
140. PORTRAIT OF G. H. BOUGHTON, Esq.
(Costume of the 16th Century.)
141. SANCTUARY
POINGDESTRE, G. H., 47, Colomberie, Jersey.
142. THE MARBLE QUARRIES, CARRARA
med 143. AN UNFORTUNATE RECOGNITION
Lent by C. Moxox, Esq.
Lent by W. P. FRITH, ESQ., R.A.
Lent by G. H. BOUGHTON, ESQ.
Lent by GEORGE Fox, Esq.
Lent by M. O. ROBERTS, ESQ., of New York, U.S.
Lent by M. O. ROBERTS, ESQ., of New York, U.S.
MARA DEPARTMENT IV.-CLASSES 410-413.
209
POOLE, P. F., R.A., Uplands, Greenhill, Hampstead, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1846; elected full member, 1861.
Lent by MESSRS. AGNEW & SON.
144. THE LION IN THE PATH
POTT, L. G., 9, Marlborough Place, St. John's Wood, London.
145. CHARLES I. LEAVING WESTMINSTER HALL AFTER HIS TRIAL.
Lent by H. T. ELWES, ESQ.
POYNTER, EDWARD J., A.R.A., Beaumont Lodge, Wood Lane, Shepherd's Bush, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1869.
Director of Art, and Principal of the National Art Training School, South Kensington, London.
Slade Professor of Fine Arts, University College, London.
146. THE IBIS GIRL
147. THE GOLDEN AGE
148. THE FESTIVAL
Lent by J. WARDELL, ESQ.
Lent by the EARL OF WHARNCLIFFE.
Lent by the EARL OF WHARNCLIFFE.
PRINSEP, VAL. C., 1, Holland Park Road, Kensington, London.
149. A MINUET
150. THE DEATH OF CLEOPATRA.
Lent by GEORGE PAINE, ESQ.
"The messenger found the guards apprehensive of nothing, but on opening the door they saw her stone
dead on a throne of gold, set out in all her royal ornaments. Irad, one of her women, lay dead
at her feet, and Charmion, just ready to fall, scarce able to hold up her head, was adjusting her
mistress's diadem. And when one said angrily, 'Was this well done of your lady Charmion?
'Well, indeed,' she answered, 'and as became the descendant of so many kings,' and as she said
this she fell down dead by the side of the throne."-Plutarch's "Life of Anthony."
RAEBURN, SIR HENRY, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1756; died, 1823.
151. PORTRAIT OF ALEXANDER, 4TH DUKE OF GORDON. Lent by the DUKE OF MANCHESTER.
RAVEN, JOHN S., 6, Westbourne Park, London.
152. THE QUARRIES OF HOLMGROUND, LANCASHIRE.
MAXIA
REDGRAVE, RICHARD, R.A., 18, Hyde Park Gate South, Kensington Gore, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1840; elected full member, 1851.
153. THE WOODREEVE'S ORDERS.
154. THE ALARM OF AN INVASION.
REYNOLDS, SIR JOSHUA, P.R.A., the Late.
Born, 1723; died, 1792.
155. PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST
:

Lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
RICHMOND, W. B., Beavor Lodge, Beavor Lane, Hammersmith, London.
156. PROMETHEUS BOUND.
RIGAUD, JOHN FRANCIS, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1742; died, 1810.
157. SAMSON AND DELILAH
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
RIVIÈRE, B., 5, Marlborough Road, St. John's Wood, London.
158. CIRCE AND THE COMPANIONS OF ULYSSES
159. WAR TIME
ROBERTS, T., 28, Carlton Road, Kentish Town, London.
160. THE NIGHT BEFORE BOSWORTH
Lent by J. K. CROSS, ESQ., M.P.
Lent by E. W. BUXTON, ESQ.
Lent by W. J. ALT, ESQ.
36714.
210
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
SANT, JAMES, R.A., 43, Lancaster Gate, Hyde Park, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1861; elected full member, 1869.
161. "SOMETIMES WITH MOST INTENSITY GAZING, I SEEM TO SEE
THOUGHT FOLDED OVER THOUGHT."
162. YOUNG WHITTINGTON
SMART, J., A.R.S.A., 4, Picardy Place, Edinburgh.
163. THE GLOOM OF GLEN OGLE.
STANFIELD CLARKSON, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1794; died, 1867.
164. ON THE SCHELDT NEAR LIERKENSHOCK.
Lent by MRS. Lancaster.
Lent by SAMUEL Lord, Esq.
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
STAPLES, Mrs. M. E., The White House, Sible Hedingham, Essex.
(Formerly Miss M. E. Edwards.)
165. IN MEMORIAM
STARR, Miss LOUISA,
166. IMOGEN
Lent by W. F. SHAWCROSS, Esq.
Lent by H. C. HOWELLS, ESQ., of New York, U.S.
STONE, MARCUS, 1, Langham Chambers, Portland Place, London.
167. MY LADY IS A WIDOW AND CHILDLESS
Lent by JAMES VIRTUE, ESQ.
STOREY, GEORGE A., 58, St. Mary's Terrace, Paddington, London.
168. MISTRESS DOROTHY
169. ONLY A RABBIT
STUART, GILBERT, the Late.
170. PORTRAIT OF WASHINGTON
Lent by G. C. SCHWABE, ESQ.
Lent by MESSRS. AGNEW & SONS.
Lent by J. DELAWARE LEWIS, Esq.
TADEMA, L. ALMA, A.R.A., 17, Titchfield Terrace, Regent's Park, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1876.
171. CONVALESCENCE
172. THE VINTAGE FESTIVAL
173. THE MUMMY-Roman Period
Lent by W. H. SMITH, ESQ., M.P.
Lent by ERNEST GAMBART, ESQ.
Lent by MESSRS. PILGERAM & LEFÈVRE.
TOPHAM, F. W. W., 53, Queen's Road, St. John's Wood, London.
174. THE FALL OF RIENZI-THE LAST ROMAN TRIBUNE.
Lent by the CORPORATION OF LIVERPOOL.
TURNER, JOSEPH MALLORD WILLIAM, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1775; died, 1851.
175. DOLBADDEN CASTLE, NORTH WALES.
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
WALLIS, H., 24, Brecknock Crescent, Camden Road, London.
176. ACROSS THE COMMON
177. THE STONE-BREAKER
Lent by CHARLES G. CLEMENT, Esq.
Lent by TEMPLE SOANES, ESQ.
WARD, EDWARD MATTHEW, R.A., 1, Lansdowne Road, Kensington Park, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1846; elected full member, 1855.
41 178. CHESTERFIELD'S ANTE-ROOM
179. LADY TEAZLE'S SPINSTER DAYS.
Lent by GEORGE Fox, Esq.
DEPARTMENT IV. CLASSES 410-413. HAYANDA
211
WARD, MRS. HENRIETTA, 1, Lansdowne Road, Kensington Park, London.
180. THE POET'S FIRST LOVE
Lent by A. BROGDEN, ESQ., M.P.
181. A SCENE FROM THE CHILDHOOD OF THE OLD PRETENDER.
(Awarded the Gold Medal at the Crystal Palace in 1872.)
WARD, JAMES, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1769; died, 1859.

182. AN ARAB HORSE
Lent by CHARLES J. FREAKE, ESQ.
WATTS, GEORGE FREDERICK, R.A., Little Holland House, Kensington, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1867; elected full member, 1867.
183. PORTRAIT OF JOHN EVERETT MILLAIS, R.A. Lent by JOHN EVERETT MILLAIS, ESQ., R.A.
184. PORTRAIT OF FREDERICK LEIGHTON, R.A. Lent by FREDERICK LEIGHTON, ESQ., R.A.
WEIGALL, HENRY, 35, Bryanston Square, London.
185. PORTRAIT OF THE LATE DUKE OF WELLINGTON, K.G.
Lent by the DoWAGER COUNTESS OF WESTMORELAND.
186. PORTRAIT OF ALEXANDRA, PRINCESS Of Wales.
WELLS, HENRY TANWORTH, R.A., Thorpe Lodge, Campden Hill, Kensington, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1866; elected full member, 1870.
187. PORTRAIT OF THE RIGHT HONOURABLE W. E. FORSTER, M.P.
Lent by the RIGHT HONOURABLE W. E. FORSTER, M.P.
188. VOLUNTEERS AT A FIRING POINT, with Portraits of Colonel The Hon. W. J. Colville,
Lt.-Col. Lord Elcho, Lt.-Col. Sir Henry Halford, Bart., Major Drake, Royal Engineers,
Captain Horatio Ross, Captain Heaton, Stewart Pixley, Esq., Martin R. Smith, Esq., and
Edward C. Ross, Esq.

189. ALICE.
WEST, BENJAMIN, P.R.A., the Late.
Born, 1738; died, 1820.
190. THE DEATH OF GENERAL WOLFE
191. CHRIST BLESSING LITTLE CHILDREN.
Lent by HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN.
Presentation Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
Lent by JOSEPH FENTON, Esq.
WILKIE, SIR DAVID, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1785; died, 1841.
192. READING THE GAZETTE
193. Boys DIGGING FOR A RAT
Diploma Picture, lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
WILSON, RICHARD, R.A., the Late,
Born, 1714; died, 1782.
194. PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST
:
Lent by the ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
WYNFIELD, D. W., 14, Grove-end Road, St. John's Wood, London.

195. FRESH FLOWERS
196. THE DEATH OF BUCKINGHAM.
Lent by GEORGE DIBLEY, Esq.
YEAMES, WILLIAM FREDERICK, A.R.A., 4, Grove end Road, St. John's Wood, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1866.
197. THE APPEAL TO THE PODESTÀ
198. FLOWERS FOR HALL AND BOWER
ZOFFANY, JOHANN, R.A., the Late.
Born, 1733; died, 1810.) » mind
Lent by MESSRS. AGNEW & SONS.
Lent by MESSRS. AGNEW & SONS
199. THE MEETING OF THE MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL ACADEMY, LONDON.
VaLiberaj Lent by HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN.
02
212
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Class 411.-Water Colour Paintings.
ABSOLON, J., 106, Palace Gardens Terrace, The Mall, Kensington, London.
Member of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
ř
1. THE BEACON
BEAVIS, R., 38, Fitzroy Square, London.
Member of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
Lent by C. R. CHEFFINS, ESQ.
2. RETURNING HOME FROM THE AUTUMN FAIRS (EARLY SNOW).
BRIERLY, 0. W., 38, Ampthill Square, Camden Town, London.
Associate of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
(Marine Painter in Ordinary to Her Majesty.)
>>
Lent by DAVID DUNCAN, ESQ.
3. BLAKE GOING ON BOARD THE "RESOLUTION OFF DOVER TO TAKE COMMAND
OF THE FLEET FITTED OUT AGAINST THE DUTCH, JUNE 1652
CALLOW, W., 34, Eastbourne Terrace, Hyde Park, London.
Member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
4. THE GRAND CANAL VENICE, LOOKING TOWARDS SANTA SALUTE.
5. MENAGIO ON THE LAKE OF COMO.
CATTERMOLE, GEORGE, the Late.
Born, 1800; died, 1868.
6. THE DEATH OF DUNCAN
COX, DAVID, Junr., 2, New Park Road, Brixton Hill, London.
Associate of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
7. DONNE CASTLE
8. MOUNTAIN SOLITUDE
DONALDSON, A. B., 10, Argyll Road, Kensington, London.
9. LUDLOW CHURCHYARD.
FAHEY, E. H., 10, Elsham Road, Addison Road, London.
Associate of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
10. A CLOUDY DAY ON THE MOULSFORD DOWNS.
Lent by MESSRS. VOKINS.
Lent by GEORGE GILES, Esq.
Lent by F. A. ARGLES, ESQ.
Lent by CAPTAIN BALDWIN.
FRERE, CATHERINE FRANCES (Miss), Wressil Lodge, Wimbledon, Surrey.
10A. WHITE SILK FAN. Subject-FÊTE CHAMPÊTRE À LA WATTEAU, illustrating "The Five
Senses."
FRIPP, A. D., 1, Belle Vue, Hampstead, London.
11. YOUNG ENGLAND
Member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours (Secretary).
Lent by PRESCOTT G. HEWETT, ESQ., F.R.S.
Lent by W. S. COOKSON, ESQ.
12. STARRING IN THE PROVINCES
13. THE COMING STORM
Lent by H. DRAKE, ESQ.
GILBERT, Sir JOHN, A.R.A., Vanbrugh Park, Blackheath Road, Kent.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1872.
President of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.

14. VISIT OF KING FRANCIS THE FIRST OF FRANCE, THE QUEEN OF NAVARRE, MADAME
KONTO THE D'ESTAMPES, AND THE CARDINAL OF LORRAINE TO THE WORKSHOP OF BENVENUTO CELLINI.
URE-JADEPARTMENT IV.CLASSES 410-413. 407
213
GILLIES, Mrs. M., 25, Church Row, Hampstead, London.
Lady Member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
15. PROSPERO AND MIRANDA
Miranda." If by your art, my dearest father, you have
Put the wild waters in this roar, allay them:
**
O, I have suffer'd
With those that I saw suffer! A brave vessel,
Who had, no doubt, some noble creatures in her,
Dash'd all to pieces. O, the cry did knock
Lent by JAMES HORSFALL, ESQ.
Against my very heart!"-Shakespeare's Tempest, Act i. Scene ii.
GOODALL, E. A., 57, Fitzroy Road, Primrose Hill, London.
Associate of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
16. THE RIALTO
17. THE ANCIENT CAUSEWAY NEAR THE PYRAMIDS OF SAKHARA.
GOODALL, WALTER, 6, Wells Street, Oxford Street, London.
Member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
18. THE LOTTERY TICKET
HAGHE, LOUIS, Fern Lodge, Stockwell Green, London.
President of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
19. THE TEPIDARIUM OF THE BATHS (POMPEII)
Lent by F. A. ARGLES, ESQ.
Lent by JONES GIBB, ESQ.
Lent by T. WOODGATE, ESQ.
"C'étoit le lieu que les philosophes choisissoient pour leurs entretiens.
Cette salle à Pompeii est oblongue avec une voute à compartiments en stuc, sa décoration est en bas-
reliefs si beaux qu'il fait regretter de n'en avoir pas trouvé beaucoup de semblables. Dans les murs
sont des niches ornées de petites figures d'Atlas. Plusieurs de ces niches contenaient des lampes,
d'autres sont supposées avoir contenu des essences pour les baigneurs. Cet appartement auroit alors
été non seulement un Tepidarium mais aussi un Unguentarium."-Extrait de l'Italie, publié par Audat.
20. HIS HOLINESS POPE PIUS IX. ADMINISTERING THE COMMUNION TO THE GENTLEMEN OF
HIS HOUSEHOLD, AND TO PERSONS OF DISTINCTION, IN THE SISTINE CHAPEL, IN THE
VATICAN
Lent by R. M. KNOWLES, ESQ.

21. THE NIGHT WATCH.
HARGITT, E., 10, Alexander Square, Brompton, London.
Member of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
22. A HIGHLAND GLEN
JENKINS, J. J., F.S.A., 67, Hamilton Terrace, St. John's Wood, London.
Member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
23. EN ROUTE
Lent by R. NEWBOLD, ESQ.
Lent by H. A. HUNT, ESQ., C.B.
"Ah! Ah! Quelle heureuse rencontre mes amis,"
JOHNSON, E. K., Sible Hedingham, near Halstead, Essex.
Associate of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
24. A STUDY
JOHNSON, H., 10, Loudoun Road, St. John's Wood, London.
Member of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
Lent by J. GALSWORTHY, Esq.
Lent by E. COHEN, ESQ.
25. THE CARRARA MOUNTAINS FROM LERICI, GULF OF Spezzia.
JOPLING, J. M., 8, Clareville Grove, South Kensington, London.
Associate of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
26. FLOSSY
27. WINTER
Lent by THE RIGHT HONOURABLE COWPER TEMPLE, M.P.
Lent by H. S. BICKNELL, ESQ.
28. IN THE CONSERVATORY.
214
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
KNIGHT J., 34, Maitland Park Road, Haverstock Hill, London.
29. A MORASS
LINTON, J. D.,
Member of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
30. WASHING THE BEGGARS' FEET ON MAUNDAY THURSDAY
MAY, W., 5, Bloomsbury Square, London.
Member of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
31. HOMEWARD BOUND
MOLE, J. H., 7, Guilford Place, Russell Square, London.
Member of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
32. SOMEBODY COMING
Lent by HENRY CROWLEY, ESQ.
Lent by A. DUNBAR, ESQ.
Lent by E. J. REED, ESQ., C.B., M.P.
Lent by LATIMER CLARK, ESQ.
MONTALBA, Miss CLARA, 20, Stanley Crescent, Kensington Park Gardens, London.
Lady Member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
33. BLESSING A TOMB, WESTMINSTER.
NAFTEL, P. J., 4, St. Stephen's Square, Westbourne Park, London.
Member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
34. ISLE OF SKYE.
NEWTON, A. P., 44, Maddox Street, Regent Street, London.
Associate of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
35. MOUNTAIN GLOOM, GLEN COE
36. LEFT BY THE TIDE.
O'CONNOR, J., 47, Leicester Square, London.
37. ST. PAUL'S, THANKSGIVING DAY
READ, S., Parkside, Bromley, Kent.
Lent by F. W. STRUGNELL, Esq.
Lent by LORD RONALD L. GOWER.
(In distemper).
38. THE WILD WEST COAST OF THE NORTH COUNTRIES
SEVERN, A., Herne Hill, London.
39. WAVES BY MOONLIGHT
Lent by W. J. INGRAM, ESQ., M.P.
Lent by THE DUCHESS OF WESTMINSTER.
"The moving waters at their priest-like task
Of pure ablution round earth's human shores."
40. OLD CHELSEA BEFORE THE THAMES EMBANKMENT Lent by ALFRED TYLOR, Esq., F.G.S.
SMALLFIELD, F., 53, Boundary Road, London.
Associate of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
41. ITALIAN NURSE AND CHILD.
42. GENOESE FLOWER GIRL.
STILLMAN, Mrs. M., The Shrubbery, Clapham Common, London.
43. SIR TRISTRAM AND QUEEN YSEULT. ⠀
TADEMA, L. ALMA, A.R.A., Townshend House, Northgate, Regent's Park, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1876.
Member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
44. THE PICTURE
45. THE THREE FRIENDS
46. HISTORY OF AN HONEST WIFE
2
Lent by ERNEST GAMBART, Esq.
Lent by MESSRS. PILGERAM & LEFÈVRE.
Lent by MESSRS. PILGERAM & LEFÈVRE.
الجھ
DEPARTMENT IV.--CLASSES 420-424. ISAA
215
TAYLER, F., 38, Avenue Road, Regent's Park, London.
Member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
47. CATTLE FERRY BOAT LANDING AT KYLARKIN FROM THE ISLE OF SKYE, Scotland.
48. KEEPER'S DAUGHTER
49. A MEET IN THE FOREST
THOMAS, W. L., 7, Gilbart Terrace, Brixton Rise, London.
Member of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
50. THE GIRLS' SCHOOL.
*
THORBURN, A., A.RA., 22, Percy Street, Bedford Square, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1848.
51. DUCHESS OF MANCHESTER
52. LADY CONSTANCE GROSVENOR
SCOTLAND.
Lent by W. GIBLEY, ESQ.
Lent by W. GIBLEY, ESQ.
Lent by W. GIBLEY, ESQ.
Lent by THE DUKE OF MANCHESTER.
Lent by THE DUKE OF WESTMINSTER.
TOPHAM, F. W., Dinas, Arkwright Road, Hampstead, London.
Member of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
53. LISTENING TO HER LOVER'S LETTER
WALTON, F., Holmbury Hill, near Dorking, Surrey.
54. CROSS WAYS FARM, NEAR DORKING.
"One of the olden time.”
Lent by R. M. KNOWLES, Esq.
WILLIS, H. B., 12, Palace Gardens Terrace, Kensington, London.
Member of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours.
55. A GROUP OF HIGHLAND CATTLE IN GLEN NEVIS, WESTERN HIGHLANDS,
SCOTLAND
Lent by H.R.H. THE PRINCESS LOUISE (MARCHIONESS OF LORNE).
56. A GROUP OF CATTLE ON THE BANKS OF THE HAMBLE IN HAMPSHIRE.
Lent by MRS. GEORGE MOORE.
Engraving and Lithography.
CLASS 420.-Drawings with pen, pencil, or crayons.
CLASS 421.-Line engravings from steel, copper, or stone.
CLASS 422.-Wood engravings.
CLASS 423.-Lithographs, zincographs, etc.
CLASS 424.-Chromo-lithographs.

Class 420.-Drawings with Pen, Pencil, or Crayons.
LEECH, JOHN, the Late. Lent by Miss Caroline E. Leech, 31, Gloucester Square, Hyde Park,
London.
OUTLINES IN PENCIL.
nett MoTEDITI
1201
&
gooW to Do OR
216
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
#
2
Classes 421-422.-Engravings.
Cl. 422.
BARLOW, T. OLDHAM, A.R.A., 38A, Victoria Road, Kensington, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1873.
1. PRAYER, after J. Phillip, R.A.
2. FAITH,
3. DOLORES,
do.
do.
4. SIR JAMES PAGET, BART., after J. E. Millais, R.A.
BRADBURY, AGNEW, & Co. See Cl. 306.
BRANDARD, E. P., 2, Albion Grove, Barnsbury, Middlesex.
5. VENICE, after J. M. W. Turner, R.A.
6. MEN-OF-WAR OFF PLYMOUTH ROUGH WEATHER, after H. Dawson.
COPE, C. W., R.A., 19, Hyde Park Gate South, Kensington Gore, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1843; elected full member, 1848. Silver Medallist.
7. "THE LIFE SCHOOL OF THE ROYAL ACADEMY," Drawing for the Medal.
EDWARDS, EDWIN, 26, Golden Square, London.
8. Proofs of a Work on "OLD INNS" :-
Title page, CROWN AND CASTLE, Oxford.
SCOLE INN,-back.
9. Proofs of a Work on "OLD INNS" :-
10. MARTLESHAM LION INN AND SIGN.
11. SCOLE INN. THE SUN. FEERING.
12. HALF MOON, BURY. ROSE AND CROWN, Sudbury.
ETCHING CLUB.
13. ETCHINGS by the Members of
Lent by SAMUEL REDGRAVE, Esq.
EVERSHED, ARTHUR, 10, Mansfield Villas, Hampstead, London.
14. DRY POINTS.
15. ETCHINGS.
HADEN, FRANCIS SEYMOUR, 62, Sloane Street, London.
16. CALAIS PIER, after J. M. W. Turner, R.A.
17. BREAKING UP OF THE AGAMEMNON.
18.
{
HESELTINE, J. P., 36, Onslow Gardens, London.
BRANSCOMBE, DEVON.
GAINSBOROUGH LANE, IPSWICH.
JEENS, C. H., 67, St. Paul's Road, Camden Square, London.
19. PARENTS OF CHRIST SEEKING HIM, after E. Armitage, R.A.
LEIGHTON, J., F.S.A., 12, Ormond Terrace, Regent's Park, London.
20. PROOFS OF WOOD ENGRAVINGS, VARIOUS, after Drawings by Artist.
21. ETCHINGS PRINTED FROM RELIEF.
DEPARTMENT IV. CLASSES 420–4240*4*4
217
(1. 422.
LEWIS, CHARLES G., 53, Charlotte Street, Portland Place, London.
22. THE HORSE FAIR, after Rosa Bonheur.
23. HIGHLAND CATTLE-EARLY MORN, do.
24. BOURICAIROS CROSSING THE PYRENEES, after Rosa Bonheur.
25. DANIEL IN THE LIONS' DEN, after B. Rivière.
PARKES, R. B., 7, Upper Tollington Park, Stroud Green, Hornsey.
26. MRS. ABINGTON AS MISS PRUE, after Sir J. Reynolds, P.R.A.
PHILLIPS, L. B., 12, Queen's Square, Bloomsbury, London.
27. THE RATHAUS, COLOGNE.
28. THE CANONGATE TOLBOOTH, EDINBURGH.
29. JOHN KNOX'S HOUSE, EDINBURGH.
QUICK, WILLIAM MICHAEL ROBERT, 49, Fleet Street, London, E.C.
29A. SPECIMENS OF ENGRAVINGS ON WOOD. Animals, Birds, &c.
*
REDGRAVE, RICHARD, R.A., 18, Hyde Park Gate South, Kensington Gore, London.
Elected Associate of the Royal Academy, London, 1840; elected full member, 1851.
30. HELP AT HAND.
31. RUSTIC COURTSHIP.
RIDGWAY, W., Denmark Villas, Acton, London.
32. THE LIGHT OF THE WORLD, after Holman Hunt.
33. PIRATES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN, after F. R. Pickersgill, R.A.
34. A TRIUMPHAL PROCESSION, after T. Gérand.
SADDLER, J., 6, Southampton Street, Fitzroy Square, London.
35. ST. MICHAEL'S MOUNT, CORNWALL, after Birket Foster.
36. HOMELESS, after G. Doré.
37. GOING TO THE CHRISTENING, after A. Bellowes.
SAUNDERS, G., 12, Surrey Terrace, Lewisham High Road, New Cross, London.
38. CHOOSING THE WEDDING Gows, after W. Mulready, R.A.
39. THE VALLEY FARM, after J. Constable, R.A.
SHARPE, C. W., Woodside Poyle, near Burnham, Maidenhead.
40. PLAY SCENE IN HAMLET, after D. Maclise, R.A.
41. HERE NELSON FELL, after D. Maclise, R.A.
SLOCOMBE, C. P., 31, King Henry's Walk, Islington.
42. KING ARTHUR'S CASTLE, TINTAGEL, CORNWALL.
43. STONEHENGE.
44. BEACH AT ROTTINGDEAN, SUSSEX-CHALK CLIFFS AND BOULDERS.
STACPOOLE, F., 23, Vale Place, West Kensington, London.
45. CIRCE AND THE FRIENDS OF ULYSSES, after B. Rivière.
46. OUGHT AND CARRY ONE, after Miss A. Havers.
SWAIN, JOSEPH, 6, Bouverie Street, Whitefriars, London.
47. PICTURES FROM PUNCH.
48. SPECIMENS OF BOOK And Magazine ILLUSTRATIONS.
{

218
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 422.
TAYLER, FREDERICK, 38, Avenue Road, Regent's Park, London.
49. ILLUSTRATIONS TO THE "DESERTED VILLAGE " OF OLIVER GOLDSMITH.
50. THE "L'ALLEGRO >> OF MILTON.
51. THE "SONGS OF SHAKESPEARE.”
THOMAS, PERCY, 38, Doughty Street, Mecklenburgh Square, London.
52. GOOD NIGHT.
53. MISS ISABEL BATEMAN.
54. HENRY IRVING, ESQ.
TOMKINS, CHARLES A., 187, Cold Harbour Lane, Camberwell, London.
55. Jochebed, MOTHER OF MOSES, after Frederick Goodall, R.A.
56. LADY GERTRUDE FITZPATRICK, after Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.
57. THE RIGHT REV. J. W. COLENSO, D.D., BISHOP OF NATAL, after S. Sidley.
UHLRICH, HEINRICH SIGISMUND, Brynterion, Chelsfield, Chislehurst, Kent.
58. THREE SETS OF WOOD ENGRAVINGS, PORTRAITS.
WARD, GEORGE R., 2, Fitzroy Square, London.
59. EARL OF HAREWOOD AND HOUNDS, after Sir F. Grant, P.R.A.
60. MOHAMET ALI, PASHA OF EGYPT, after T. Brigstocke.
WILLMORE, A., 4, Compton Street, Regent Square, London.
61. DUTCH BOATS LANDING FISH OFF EGMONT, after E. W. Cooke, R.A.
62. A CALM MORNING ON THE THAMES, after D. Cox.
63. WINDSOR CASTLE, after Birket Foster.
Cl. 424.
Cl. 424.
Cl. 424.
Classes 423-424.-Lithographs, Zincographs, &c. Chromo-lithographs.
AUDSLEY & BOWES. See Cl. 306.
DAY & SON. See Cl. 306.
DICKES, WILLIAM. See Cl. 306.
:
Cl. 424.
GOODALL, C., & SON.
See Cl. 262.
Cl. 424.
JOHNSON, J. M., & SON.
See Cl. 306.
2
Cl. 424.*
WARD, MARCUS, & Co.
See Cl. 255, 258, 259, 262, 300, 306.
Photography.
CLASS 430.-Photographs on paper, metal, glass, wood, fabrics, or enamel surfaces.
CLASS 431.-Prints from photo-relief plates, carbon-prints, etc.
CLASS 432.-Photo-lithographs, etc.
Class 430.-Photographs.
BARNARD, JOHN, Photographer, 5, St. Mary's Buildings, Bedford. E
Set of six Enlargements in Carbon. Frame of nine Landscapes in Carbon. Frame of four
Portraits in Carbon. Frame of 16 Small Prints in Carbon.
DEPARTMENT IV.-CLASSES 430–432. DAA
219
BAUM, F., St. Ann's Square, Manchester.
Photographs, printed in Carbon (permanent).
BEAU, ADOLPHE, 283, Regent Street, London, W.
Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention).
Heliotechnic Process for the production of Negatives from objects presenting a bright
metallic surface, without any previous tampering, thus ensuring their truthful representation.
MODEL OF THE SHRINE OF ST. URSULA (painted on panel), after Memling. Artist, Vander-
broek.
BEAUFORD & BRUCE, 2, Nun's Island, Galway, Ireland.
Photographic Views of the WESTERN ISLANDS, CONNEMARA, JOYCE'S COUNTRY, the ISLES OF
ARRAN; Panoramic Views of the "CITIE OF THE TRIBES," Galway; Photographic Albums of
same, in volumes.
BEDFORD, WILLIAM, Photographer, 326, Camden Road, London, N.
Landscape Photographs -1. ON THE MOAT, RAGLAN CASTLE. 2. GLEN LYN, LYNMOUTH.
3. THE POND AT TINTERN. 4. LYNMOUTH, NORTH DEVON. 5. CASTLE IN OLD MILL CREEK,
ON THE DART. 6. VIEW ON THE DART. 7. AT ILFRACOMBE, N. DEVON. 8. AT WATER-
MOUTH, N. DEVON. 9. RIVER SCENE ON THE CONWAY, N. WALES. 10. TINTERN ABBEY,
FROM THE N.E. 11. WELLS CATHEDRAL, FROM THE S.E. 12. IN CLOVELLY PARK, DEVON.
13. THE GATEWAY, CHISWICK GARDENS. 14. THE WEEPING WILLOW, CHISWICK GARDENS.
15. CEDARS AT CHISWICK.
BOOL, ALFRED & JOHN, Artists and Photographers, 86, Warwick Street, Pimlico, London, S.W.
Exhibitors, London, 1873 (Gilt Medal); Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society, Falmouth, 1873 (Bronze
Medal); London, 1874 (Bronze Medal); Falmouth, 1874 (Silver Medal).
Crayon Portrait of ADELINA PATTI. Landscape Photographs: "WAVERLEY ABBEY,"
"WAYSIDE BRIDGE, SURREY," "A SHADY NOOK," "ON THE RIVER WEY, SURREY."
BROWNRIGG, THOMAS MARCUS, Assistant Inspector-General, Royal Irish Constabulary,
32, Lower Leeson Street, Dublin.
Exhibitor, Dublin, 1865 (Hon. Mention); Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention); Dublin, 1872 (Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit); Universal Exhibitions of Photography, Amsterdam, 1874 (Certificate
of highest award); Vienna, 1875 (Bronze Medal); Brussels, 1875 (Bronze Medal). Awards at
other Photographic Exhibitions: Dublin, 1858, 1859 (Silver Medals); Royal Cornwall Polytechnic
Society, 1867 (Silver Medal); 1868 (Bronze Medal); 1869 (Silver Medal); Paris, 1874 (Hon.
Mention).

Landscape Photographs.
CAMERON, JULIA MARGARET (Mrs. Charles Hay Cameron), Freshwater, Isle of Wight.
Photographic Studies and Portraits of Eminent Men.
COOPER, GEORGE, & CO., Elm Tree House, Anlaly Road, Hull.
Portraits direct from Life. (Silver Prints.)
CRAWSHAY, ROBERT, Cyfarthfa Castle, Merthyr Tydfil, Glamorganshire, South Wales.
Photographic Prints for Exhibition.

ENGLAND, WILLIAM, 7, St. James's Square, Notting Hill, London, W.
Photographs-Landscape and Statuary.co/Wohoo W
FOGERTY, WILLIAM. See Cl. 441.
220
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
»<5[+]
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FRADELLE, ALBERT EUGENE, & MARSHALL, WILLIAM SHURY, Photographers
&c., 230 & 246, Regent Street, London, W.
Carbon Enlargement Portrait of Lady (full length); three cases of Photographic Studies,
each case containing six subjects, Silver Prints; three Portraits, by our special photo-mezzotint
(registered).
GODBOLD, H. J., 8, Grand Parade, St. Leonards-on-Sea.
Photographs.
HAIGH, EDWARD M., 213, Regent Street, London.
Photographs, chiefly printed in Carbon.
HALL, HENRY EDWARD, Architect and Photographer, 44, Victoria Street, Dublin. See Cl. 441.
A collection of Photographs of Public Buildings through Ireland, and views of many places
of interest, also a collection of frames, mounts, &c., for Photographic purposes.
HANSON, WILLIAM., Photographic Artist, Great George Street, Leeds.
Exhibitor, London International Exhibition, 1872 (Certificate); 1873 (Medal).
Cretaceous Photographs. These are silver prints, and any number of identical impressions can
be printed. The styles is designated Cretaceous because it resembles a fine chalk drawing on
a tinted ground. Frame of Cabinet and Carte Portraits.
HEATH, VERNON, Artist, 43, Piccadilly, London, W.
Landscape Photographs printed in permanent pigments. They comprise some of the stately
homes of the British Isles; studies of a few of their grand ancestral trees, and illustrations
of well-known and romantic localities.
HEDGES, DAVID, Photographer, 7, Queen Street, Lytham, Lancashire.
Exhibitor, Royal Cornwall Exhibition, 1872 (First Class Medal); London, International Exhibition,
Photographic Society of London, 1873 (Medals); London, International Photographic Societies of
Bengal, France (Medals); Holland, 1874 (First Class Certificate); Photographic Societies of Vienna,
Brussels, Maritime Exhibition, Paris (Medals); Royal Cornwall Exhibition, 1875 (First Class
Medal).
Four frames of Photographs, entitled "STUDIES OF ANIMALS."
HENDERSON, A. L., 49, King William Street, E.C., and Amersham Road, New Cross, London.
Ceramic or Enamel. Photographs, vitrified.
HUDSON, FREDERICK, Photographer, 1, Regent Parade, Ventnor, Isle of Wight.
Exhibitor, London, 1873 (Exhibitors' Bronze Medal); Falmouth, 1873 (Second Silver Medal); 1874
(First Silver Medal).
Eight Landscape Photographs: UNDER THE TREES, BONCHURCH VALLEY, ISLE OF WIGHT;
GENERAL
BONCHURCH VILLAGE AND POND; CONSERVATORY, UNDERMOUNT, BONCHURCH ;
VIEW OF BONCHURCH; STEEPHILL BAY, NEAR VENTNOR; CRAB AND LOBSTER HOTEL,
VENTNOR; FRESHWATER BAY, ISLE OF WIGHT. Study of Plants, Ferns, and Flowers.
JENNINGS, PAYNE, Photograph Artist and Publisher, 1, Belgrave Place, Belgrave Square, Rath-
mines, Dublin. London Publishers, Messrs. W. A. Mansell & Co., 2 Percy Street, London, W. 1,000
subjects, all sizes.
Exhibitor, Dublin Exhibition of Arts and Industry, 1872 (First Class Prize Medal).
Photographic Studies in the English and Irish Lake Districts.
LEE, E. P., & Co., 9 Crockherbtown, Cardiff.
Vitrified Coloured Photo-Enamels.
LEMERE, BEDFORD, & Co., Architectural Photographers to the Queen, 147, Strand, London,W.C.
Exhibitors, London, 1862, 1874; (Medal); Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Merit).
Photographs from casts of Gothic Work in the Royal Architectural Museum, Westminster,
of Public Buildings in London, of Commercial and Domestic Architecture by leading Architects,
of Architectural Drawings, Paintings, and Frescoes.
DEPARTMENT IV.-CLASSES 430–432.1073]HT
221

THE LONDON STEREOSCOPIC AND PHOTOGRAPHIC CO., Photographers to the Queen
and other members of the Royal Family, 110, 108, & 106, Regent Street, London, W.; 54, Cheapside,
London, E.C.; the Alexandra Palace; and at the Royal Aquarium and Winter Garden, Westminster,
London.
Photographs and the new "Cellini" Kaleidoscope. (Under Royal Letters Patent-Thomas's
Patent).
MANSELL, W. A., & Co., 2, Percy Street, London, W.
Photographs of Objects of Art, Views, &c.; Chromolithographs.
NORMAN, CARL, Graphic Villa, Tunbridge Wells.
Photographic Views from India, Egypt, the Continents of Europe and America.
ROBINSON & CHERRILL, the New Public Buildings, Tunbridge Wells.
Photographs.
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal); Dublin, 1865 (Medal); Berlin, 1865 (Medal for Good Taste);
Paris, 1867 (Two Medals); Vienna, 1873 (Medal); Bengal Photographic Society (Five Gold
Medals); Bengal Photographic Society (Three Silver Medals); United States National
Society, 1872 (Gold Medal); Vienna Photographic Society, 1875 (Silver Medal); Photographic
Society of London (two Silver Medals); Photographic Society of Scotland (Seven Silver
Medals); Cornwall Polytechnic Society (Ten Silver and Two Bronze Medals); Photographic
Society of France, 1870 (Silver Medal). And 12 other Medals from exhibitions of minor im-
portance.
SLINGSBY, ROBERT, 168, High Street, Lincoln.
Exhibitor, Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society, 1868 (Medal); 1870 (First Silver Medal);
1871 (First Silver Medal); Photographic Society of Paris, 1870 (Medal); Photographic
Society of London, 1873 (Medal).
Specimen of Photography in Portraiture.
WILSON, GEORGE WASHINGTON, & Co. Photographers to Her Majesty in Scotland, 24,
Crown Street, Aberdeen, Scotland.
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Bronze Medal); Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention).
Photographs. Four Carbon Enlargements from small Negatives. 50 glass Stereoscopic Views
in a revolving Stereoscope. Album, containing views in Scotland. 604 tonaxe
YORK, FREDERICK, Photographic Publisher, 87, Lancaster Road, Notting Hill, London, W.
Photographs, Photographic Transparencies for the Magic Lantern.
.
:.
Class 431.-Prints from Photo-Relief Plates, and Carbon Prints, &c.
DALLAS, DUNCAS CAMPBELL, Photographic Engraver, Printer and Publisher, 362, Gray's Inn
Road, King's Cross, London, N.
Specimens of Photographic Engraving, " Dallastype." See Cl. 423.
TYPOGRAPHIC ETCHING COMPANY, THE, Dawson, Alfred and William, Managers,
Automatic and Photographic Engravers, 23, Farringdon Street, London, E.C.AWARD SI
Engravings by the Typographic Etching process. Engravings by the Photo-Relief process
See Cl. 423.

222
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
AVE CILA 3140 0 13 Icoax **
Industrial and Architectural Designs, Models, and Decorations.
CLASS 440.-Industrial designs.
CLASS 441.-Architectural designs; studies and fragments, representations and projects of
restorations from ruins and from documents.
CLASS 442.-Decoration of interiors of buildings.
CLASS 443.-Artistic hardware and trimmings; artistic castings, forged metal work for deco-
ration, etc.
Class 440.
DAVEY, ROBERT, Furniture Designer, 20, Oxford Street, Chelsea, London, S.W.
Drawings of Furniture and Decoration.
DASHWOOD, CHRISTIAN WILLIAM, Designer and Block Cutter, 1, St. Clement's Churchyard,
W.C., and 310, Strand, London.
London International Exhbition, 1874 (Medal).
ORIGINAL DESIGN FOR OIL CLOTH; style, Egyptian.
Do.
Do.
do.
do.
style, Arabian.
representing inlaid Stones.
Class 441. Architectural Drawings and Designs.
ADAMS, M. B., 31, Heron Road, Brixton, London.
1. RECTORY HOUSE, MERSTON, SUSSEX.
AITCHISON, GEORGE, F.R.I.B.A., 5, Muscovy Court, Tower Hill, London.
2. HOUSE AND STUDIO OF F. LEIGHTON, ESQ., R.A., KENSINGTON.
3. SERVING TABLE, designed for F. Lehmann, Esq., Berkeley Square.
4. DECORATIONS OF BED ROOM
A
5.
Do.
BOUDOIR
do.
do.
do.
do.
6.
Do.
CEILING OF GREEN DRAWING ROOM, designed for F. Lehmann, Esq.,
7.
Do.
WALLS
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
8.
DO.
Do.
DRAWING ROOM,
do.
do.
do.
BURGES, WILLIAM, F.R.I.B.A., 15, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.
9. DESIGN FOR NEW LAW COURTS, LONDON (Strand front).
10. NEW TOWER, erected at Cardiff Castle for Marquis of Bute.
11. INTERIOR OF SUMMER SMOKING ROOM
do.
12.
Do.ba WINTER
do.
do.
13. HOUSE, erected for Sir J. H. Amory, Knightshayes, Devon.
14. THE CATHEDRAL OF ST. FINN BARR, now erecting at Cork.
15. CHANCEL OF NEW CHURCH OF ST. MARY THE VIRGIN, erected at Studley Royal for
Marquis of Ripon.
DEPARTMENT IV.-CLASSES 440-443. 1143A0DDL
223
COOKE, C. H., F.R.I.B.A., Burlington Chambers, 172, New Bond Street, London.
16. THE GODOLPHIN SCHOOL HAMMERSMITH, LONDON.
17. DESIGN FOR MALVERN COLLEGE, WORCESTERSHIRE, to which the Second Premium was
awarded.
FOGERTY, WILLIAM, F.R.S., B.A., Architect, 23, Harcourt Street, Dublin.
A series of Photographs of Architectural Designs and of Buildings erected under the
direction of Exhibitor. See Cl. 430.
HAYWARD, C. F., F.R.I.B.A., 20, Montague Street, Russell Square, London.
18. DUKE OF CORNWALL HOTEL AT PLYMOUTH.
19. DESIGN FOR PUBLIC OFFICES AND GUILDHALL AT PLYMOUTH.
HALL, HENRY EDWARD. See Cl. 430.
KNIGHTLEY, T. E., F.R.I.B.A., 106, Cannon Street, London.
20. EASTBOURNE HOTEL, SUSSEX.
LEE, E. C., A.R.I.B.A., 15, Bedford Row, London.
21. NEW CHURCH, ST. MARY, WHITECHAPEL, LONDON.
22. DESIGN FOR PROPOSED NEW LIBRARY AND LECTURE ROOM, INNER TEMPLE, LONDON.
23.
Do.
24.
Do.
25.
Do.
26.
Do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
www
do.
do.
NICHOLL, S. J., A.R.I.B.A., 1, Caversham Road, London.
Detail of Dormer.
Plans and Elevation.
Section.
Details of Front Elevation.
Perspective of Exterior.
27. MESSRS. COX AND SON'S PREMISES, SOUTHAMPTON STREET, STRAND. ST. CATHERINE'S
CHURCH, WEST DRAYTON, MIDDLESEX.
28. SANCTUARY OF ST. WALBURGE'S CHURCH, PRESTON, LANCASHIRE.
PENROSE, F. C., M.A., F.R.A.S., Cathedral Surveyor's Office, St. Paul's Churchyard, London.
Architect to the Chapter of St. Paul's, London. Hon. Member Pennsylvania” Academy.
29. Design FOR THE DECORATION OF ST. PAUL'S, LONDON. The Dome.
30.
31.
Do.
Do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
East End.
32. DESIGN FOR NEW NATIONAL GALLERY, LONDON.
SMIRKE, SYDNEY, R.A., F.S.A., The Hollies, Tonbridge Wells.
33. DESIGN FOR EXTENSION OF EXHIBITION BUILDINGS, SOUTH KENSINGTON.
SPIERS, R. PHENÈ, A.R.I.B.A., Carlton Chambers, 12, Regent Street, London.
Master of the Architectural School, Royal Academy.
34. NEW LUNATIC ASYLUM, VIRGINIA WATER, WINDSOR (Design for).
35. CRITERION RESTAURANT, PICCADILLY (Design for), Piccadilly front.

36.
Do.
do.
Interior of Vestibule.
37. CHURCH OF THE SACRED HEART, MONTMARTRE, PARIS (Design for).
TEULON, Wm. MILFORD, F.R.I.B.A., 96, Wimpole Street, London.
38. MANSION ERECTED FOR LORD OVERSTONE, IN NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.
bookle
224
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
WYATT, T. H., 77, Great Russell Street, London.
Fellow and Past President R.I.B.A.
39. NEW EXCHANGE BUILDINGS, LIVERPOOL.
40. TOWN MANSION ERECTED FOR SIR DUDLEY-COUTTS MARJORIBANKS, BART., M.P., PARK
LANE, LONDON.
41. MANSION ERECTED FOR JOHN MORANT, ESQ., NEW FOREST, HAMPSHIRE.
Cl. 442.
Classes 442, 443.-Decoration of Interior of Buildings; Artistic Hardware and
Trimmings, Artistic Castings, Forged Metal Work for Decoration, &c.
LAFARGUE, PAUL. See Cl. 219.
BARNARD, BISHOP, & BARNARDS. See Cl. 211, 222, 225, 228, 722, 770.
COX & SONS. See Cl. 217, 453.
Cl. 442.
ZOBEL.
Cl. 443.
Cl. 443.
Cl. 443.
Cl. 443.
Cl. 243.
See Cl. 217, 453.
HART, SON, PEARD, & Co. See Cl. 217.
MATTHEWS, EDWARD, & SONS.
SINGER, J. W., & SON. See Cl. 217.
Decoration with Ceramic and Vitreous Materials; Mosaic and Inlaid Work.
CLASS 450.-Mosaic and inlaid work in stone.
CLASS 451.-Mosaic and inlaid work in tiles, tessaræ, glass, etc.
CLASS 452.-Inlaid work in wood and metal, parquetry, inlaid floors, tables, etc.
CLASS 453.-Stained glass.
CLASS 454.-Miscellaneous objects of art.
Cl. 452,
454.
Cl. 453.
Cl. 453.
Cl. 453.
Cl. 253.
Cl. 453,
451.
Classes 450-454.
ELKINGTON, & Co. See Cl. 217. 400, 401, 403.
BAILLIE, THOMAS, & Co., Glass Painters and Stainers, 118, Wardour Street, Soho, London.
One Panel. Figure, VIRGIN MARY. Executed in style XIV. century. Size, 35 in. high by
254in. wide.
One Panel. Female Figure, AUTUMN.
high by 20žin. wide.
35ĝin.
Executed in style present century. Size, 353in.
CONSTABLE, WILLIAM HENRY, Stained Glass Artist, Stained Glass Works, Cambridge.
Stained glass window.
COX & SONS. See Cl. 443, 217.
DE MORINI, CHARLES, Artist, 170, Great Portland Street, London, W.
Four ornamental windows.
GIBBS & MOORE, Artists in Stained Glass and Art Decorations, 89, Southampton Row, Russell
Square, London, W.C.
Stained glass, art tiles; mural decorations (special).

DEPARTMENT IV.-CLASSES 450-454.
225
Cl. 453.
Cl. 453.
Cl. 453.
Cl. 453.
Cl. 453.
Cl. 453.
Cl. 453.
Cl. 454.
HARDMAN, JOHN, & Co., Newhall Hill, Birmingham.
Stained Glass Window of Four Lights; Style, CINQUE CENTO. Subject-"OUR LORD in
THE HOUSE AT BETHANY." Executed for St. Neot's Church, Huntingdonshire.
HEATON, BUTLER, & BAYNE, Glass Stainers and Church Decorators, 14, Garrick Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.
STAINED GLASS WINDOWS for Domestic and Ecclesiastical Purposes.
MATTHEWS, EDWARD, & SONS. See Cl. 443, 217.
MCGRATH, JOHN, Decorative Artist, 6A, White Lion Street, Chelsea, S.W.
Enamelled, painted, stained, and embossed Glass.
POWELL, JAMES, & SONS, Whitefriars Glass Works, Temple Street, Fleet Street, London, E.C.
Three-light Painted Window. Canopies. Subject-"THE RESURRECTION: Three Women
at the Tomb; Christ appearing to Mary in the Garden; The Women bringing the News of
the Resurrection to the Disciples." Small Figures under, of St. Mark, St. Luke, and St. John.
Single-light window. Ground work, Stamped Quarries and Borders, with Medallion. Subject
"GOOD SAMARITAN."
RAMSEY, WILLIAM, Artist in Stained Glass, 83 & 84, Farringdon Street, London, E.C.
Twelve Window Screens of stained Glass for domestic and general purposes; subjects, Artists,
Patriots, Musicians, &c., &c.; 12 shields in stained Glass representing Arms of Towns and
counties in England.
WARD & HUGHES, 67, Frith Street, Soho Square, London, W.
Exhibitors: London, 1862, (Hon. Mention); 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874 (Medals.) Paris, 1867 (Medal).
Two Stained Glass Windows: Subjects-" OUR LORD ENTHRONED," Matt. xxv. 31; and
Secular Subject-"INDUSTRY."
GILL, JAMES, 66, Regent Street, Lambeth, S.E.
Specimens of general Engraving, or Art applied to decorate Silver or other precious Metals.

36714.
V
P
-3
3
:
DEPARTMENT V.-CLASSES 500–509.
227
DEPARTMENT V.- MACHINERY.
Location:-MACHINERY BUILDING.
MACHINES, TOOLS, AND APPARATUS OF MINING, METALLURGY, CHEMISTRY, AND
THE EXTRACTIVE ARTS.
Cl. 500,
552.
Cl. 500.
Cl. 500,
552.
Cl. 500.
CLASS 500.-Rock drilling.
CLASS 501.-Well and shaft boring.
CLASS 502.-Machines, apparatus, and implements for coal cutting.
CLASS 503.-Hoisting machinery and accessories.
CLASS 504.-Pumping, draining, and ventilating.
CLASS 505.-Crushing, grinding, sorting, and dressing. Breakers, stamps, mills, pans, screens,
sieves, jigs, concentrators.
CLASS 506.-Furnaces, smelting apparatus, and accessories.
CLASS 507.-Machinery used in Bessemer process.
CLASS 508.-Chemical manufacturing machinery. Electro-plating.
CLASS 509.-Gas machinery and apparatus.
Holmes, Joseph E., Payton, Walter,
and Taylor, Fenner, B., Engineers, 42
and 43, Borough Road, Southwark, London,
S.E. Payton and Holmes' Patent Coal and
Rock cutting machine. Payton and Holmes'
4-Cylinder Engine for steam or compressed air;
Two Taylor's Rock Boring Machines, one
Taylor's Revolving Steam Engine for steam
or compressed air; one air compressor to work
Clayton's said machines.
(680)
Baird, William, & Co., Ironmasters,
Gartsherrie Iron Works, Coatbridge, Scotland.
Coal cutting machine, to be propelled with
steam at 15 lbs. pressure, manufactured by
David Gray & Co., Sunnyside Engine Works,
Coatbridge.
(681)
Hurd, Frederick, & Co., Patent Mining
Machine Co., Wood Street, Wakefield. Self-
Holing, Self-acting, Under-cutting, Coal-eut-
ting Machine for Headings or right or left-hand
work, combined in one Machine. Ratchet
Wedge Shovel for upheaving bottom portion
of Coal after top has been removed. High
Speed Air Compressor for working Coal-
cutting, Boring, Hauling, or Water-pumping
Machines.
(682)
Macdermott, Martin, Engineer, Scott's
Chambers, 25 and 26, Pudding Lane, London,
E.C. Complete system of getting coal, illus-
trated by three classes of Machines: 1. Rock
and Coal Perforators. 2. Machines for under-
cutting coal.
cutting coal. 3. Screw-wedge for breaking
down coal.
(683)
Hardy Patent Pick Company, The
(Limited), Manufacturers of Mining Tools,
Mining Tool Works, Ecclesall Road, Sheffield.
Improved Implements for Coal, Ironstone,
Gold and Silver mining for Quarrying and
excavating. Especially Cast Steel Picks for
all purposes, constructed under various Pa-
tents; the Picks being interchangeable and
detachable from their shafts or handles. (684)
Cooke, Joseph, & Co., Miners' Lamp
Manufacturers, Midland Davy Lamp Works, 82,
Lawley Street, Belmont Passage, Birmingham.
Miners' safety lamps.
(685)
Exhibitors, London, 1874 (Medal).
Bainbridge, Emerson, Mining Engineer,
Duke of Norfolk's Collieries, Sheffield. New
Miners' safety lamp, designed to combine extra
light, with special degree of safety.
(686)
Wethered, Edwin Robert. See Cl. 217.
Gregory, James. See Cl. 222.
Pickering, Jonathan, Engineer, Globe
Works, Stockton-on-Tees. Four sizes of
Pickering's Patent Pulley Blocks; three sizes
Cl. 502.
2
Cl. 502.
Cl. 502.

Cl. 503.
Cl. 503.
Cl. 503,
560.
P 2
228
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 505.
Cl. 505.
Cl. 506.
of Pickering's Patent Hoists; one Pickering's
Patent Direct Acting 6" Steam Cylinder
and 6" Water Cylinder; Steam Pump. (687)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873; Bremen, 1874
(Prize Medal).
The Dunston Engine Works Co., En-
gineers and Machinists. Sole Patentees and
Makers of "Archer's" Stone Breaking and
Ore Crushing Machinery. The Dunston
Engine Works Co., Gateshead-on-Tyne, Dur-
ham. Archer's Stone Breaker, Combined
Stone Breaker and Bone Cutter.
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873.
(688)
Kimberley, Nathan Gold, Engineer,
11, Great St. Helen's, London, E.C. Lucop's
Patent Centrifugal Pulverizing Mills. (689)
Smith, Dillwyn, Engineer, 153, Duke
Street, Liverpool. Mechanical Stokers for
supplying fuel to furnaces automatically and
removing the clinkers therefrom, rendering
the opening of the fire-doors unnecessary and
greatly reducing the temperature of the stoke-
hole. No. 1, as used in the ordinary 2-flued
Lancashire Boiler; No. 2, as used in Boilers
of Steam Ships, or other Boilers constructed
on the Marine plan. No. 3, "Fire Bars,"
used in connexion with Mechanical Stokers,
by means of which the Clinkers are broken up
and removed without opening fire-doors. (690)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873; Manchester, 1874.
Johnson, Matthey, & Co. See Cl. 110.
Sugg, William, Gas Engineer, Vincent
Works, Vincent Street, Westminster, London,
S.W. Gas burners, a new illuminating power
(691)
Whitwell, Thomas. See Cl. 100, 111,
meter.
Cl. 506.
Cl. 509.
Cl. 506.
222.
Brechin, J. B., Dundee, Scotland. Heat
Economiser.
(692)
Cl. 506.
Cl. 510.
Cl. 511,
514.
MACHINES AND TOOLS FOR WORKING METAL, WOOD, AND STONE.
CLASS 510.-Planing, sawing, veneering, grooving, mortising, tongueing, cutting, moulding,
stamping, carving, and cask-making machines, etc., cork-cutting machines.
CLASS 511.-Direct acting steam sawing machines, with gang saws.
CLASS 512.-Rolling mills, bloom squeezers, blowing fans.
CLASS 513.-Furnaces and apparatus for casting metals, with specimens of work.
CLASS 514.-Steam, trip, and other hammers, with specimens of work, anvils, forges.
CLASS 515.-Planing, drilling, slotting, turning, shaping, punching, stamping, and cutting
machines. Wheel cutting and dividing machines, emery wheels, drills, taps, gauges, dies, etc.
CLASS 516.-Stone-sawing and planing machines, dressing, shaping, and polishing, sand blasts,
Tilghman's machines, glass-grinding machines, etc.
CLASS 517.-Brick, pottery, and tile machines. Machines for making artificial stone.
CLASS 518.-Furnaces, moulds, blowpipes, etc., for making glass and glass-ware.
Roberts, William, Venetian Blind Manu-
facturer, 139, Derby Road, Bootle, near Liver-
pool. A Self-acting Painting Machine for
Venetian Blinds, Laths, Hoop Iron, and
other purposes.
(700)
1872; Vienna, 1873; Manchester, 1875; Leeds,
1875; Paris, 1875. (Prize Medals.)
Morewood, E., & Co. See Cl. 111, 113.
Marriott, Elizabeth, 15, Oldfield Road,
Stoke Newington, London. Prepared Fuel
and Machine to show Manufactures. (702)
Massey, B. & S., Engineers, Openshaw,
Manchester. Steam hammers for heavy
Forge Work, Tilting Steel, Smith Work and
Forging Files, Cutlery and light work; Special
Steam Stamps for forging in Dies at one
blow; Circular Saw for Cutting Hot Iron and
Steel. Models of Steam Hammers. Samples
of Forgings.
(701)
Exhibitors,Paris,1867; Havre,1868; High-
and Society, 1870; Liverpool, 1871; Moscow, ❘ Medal).
Wright, Peter, & Sons, Anvil and Vice
Manufacturers, Constitution Hill Works,
Dudley, Worcestershire. Patent solid
wrought Anvils, various kinds; Patent solid
box vices and parallel vices; Smiths' Tools of
various kinds. Hammers.
(703)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Prize
Cl. 512.
Cl. 513,
517.
Cl. 514.
DEPARTMENT V.-CLASSES 520-527.
229
Cl. 514.
Cl. 514.
Cl. 514.
Cl. 515.
Cl. 515,
521, 531,
540.
:.
Brooks & Cooper, Anvil, Vice, &c.,
Manufacturers, Mousehole Forge, Sheffield.
Anvils, Vices, Hammers, Shear Steel Tue
Irons, &c. Predecessors of present Firm, M.
& H. Armitage.
(704)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Prize Medal);
Paris, 1855.
Brown, John, & Co., Limited. See
Cl. 111.
Cammell, Chas., & Co. See Cl. 111.
Heap, Joshua, & Co. (Limited), Engi-
neers, Tool Makers, Oldham. Tools and ma-
chines. Taps for Gas and bolt Purposes;
also Special Taps for Heaps' Machines, Stan-
dard Hobs for making chaser, Heaps' Patent
Pipe, Bolt screwing and Nut Tapping Ma-
chines.
(705)
Greenwood & Batley, Machine Makers,
Albion Works, Leeds. Bolt forging machines;
machine for tyeing in warps for looms; sew-
ing machine for waxed threads; printing
machine.
(706)
Beesley & Sons, Boiler Makers, Abbey
Road Boiler Works, Barrow-in-Furness. Pa-
tent Punching, Shearing, and Angle cropping
machine for iron, steel, or other metals. (707)
Exhibitors, Manchester, 1875 (Medal).
Nussey & Leachman, Engineers, Leeds,
Self-acting Hydraulic pressing machine for
pressing woollen and other fabrics; Hydraulic
punching, shearing, and riveting machine,
dispensing with the ordinary valves and
accumulators.
(708)
Martin, Robert. See Cl. 296.
Shearer, Hugh, 21, Great George Street,
Westminster, London, S.W. Machine for
dressing stone, an American invention. (709)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Pro-
gress); London, 1874 (Medal).
Siemens, Charles William. See Cl.
111, 320.
Perkins, A. M., & Son, Civil Engi-
neers, Seaford Street, Regent Square, Gray's
Inn Road, London, E.C. Steam oven for
marine use. IN MACHINERY HALL. (710)
Lavers, A. H. See Cl. 103.
Cl. 515.
Cl. 515,
563.
Cl. 515.
Cl. 516.
Cl. 516.
Cl. 518.
Cl. 520,
521, 522,
523, 524.
MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS OF SPINNING, WEAVING, FELTING, AND PAPER MAKING.
CLASS 520.-Machines for the manufacture of silk goods.
CLASS 521.-Machines for the manufacture of cotton goods.
CLASS 522.-Machines for the manufacture of woollen goods.
CLASS 523.-Machines for the manufacture of linen goods.
CLASS 524.-Machines for the manufacture of rope and twine, and miscellaneous fibrous
materials.
CLASS 525.-Machines for the manufacture of paper, and felting.
CLASS 526.-Machines for the manufacture of india-rubber goods.
CLASS 527.-Machines for the manufacture of mixed fabrics.
Fleming, Thomas, & Son, Card Manu-
facturers, West Grove Mill, Halifax. Card
Clothing, in Leather, Wood, Cloth, Metal and
Brass faced for Carding Machines, &c., for
Flax, Tow, Jute, Hemp, China Grass, Cot-
ton, Woollen, Worsted, Silk, Shoddy, &c.;
Silk Combs and Teeth, and all sorts of Needle
pointed Cards for Carding, Combing, and
Dressing Silk; Patent Diamond Point Needle-
pointed Sectoral Knife, Flat and Oval Wire,
&c., for Takers in, for Cotton and Woollen
Carding Engines, Needle-point Teeth. (720)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit);
Paris, 1875 (Silver Medal).
Cl. 520,
Ambler, William, 17, Elizabeth Street,
Bradford, Yorkshire. Machine for making 521, 522.
paper cop tubes used in spinning Worsted,
Silk, and Cotton Yarns; Machine for cleaning
the teeth of wheel castings by means of an
emery wheel.

Both wheels are patented.
(721)

Mackenzie, Duncan, Engineer, care of
Wm. Smith, Esq., 19, Salisbury Street, Strand,
London, W.C. The machine which embodies
the invention is a "Self-Acting Reader for the
" Jacquard Loom," and is adapted for all
kinds of ornamental figured textile fabrics,
Cl. 520.
230
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 520,
521, 522,
523.
Cl. 520.
Cl. 520.
Cl. 521.
Cl. 521.
Cl. 521.
from the most delicate lace or ribbon to the
stoutest carpet or tapestry. The invention is
founded on a principle of arithmetical pro-
gression and geometrical exactness, and dis-
penses with skilled labour of adults, and places
the manipulations of the operations of the
"Reader" under the control of juvenile hands.
One of its motions exhibits a combination of
mechanism of a new construction, having a
compound parallel and perpendicular move-
ment, which is applicable to a variety of other
purposes, amongst others bracing and ruling
papers, doing the two sides of the sheet at the
same time without change of pens. (722)
Ingham, John, & Sons, Shuttle Makers,
&c., Croft Head Works, Thornton, near
Bradford. Case of shuttles, &c. for weaving
worsted, cotton, silk, ribbons, alpaca, mohair,
flax, linen, carpets, woollens, coatings, fustian
and lastings, damask and moreens; also all
kinds of tacking, all kinds of shuttle pikes,
and all kinds of stocks and bowls for
weaving.
(723)
Fish, J. & G., 12, Grayston Street, Fis-
wick, Preston, and 776-2 Avenue, New York,
U.S.A. Silk Swivel Power Loom. Box of
Samples Silk Reeds.
Stevens, Thomas. See Cl. 248.
Improved Jacquard Loom at work.
(724)
(725)
Booth, H., & Co., Spindle and Flyer
Makers and Machinists, Edward Street, Pres-
ton, Lancashire. Slubbing, Roving, Jack
Frame, and Throstle Spindles and Flyers,
Mule Spindles, Long Collars, Bobbin and
Spindle wheels, and Footsteps, for cotton
spinning machinery; Cast Steel Roving and
Slubbing Flyers for high speed.
(726)
Exhibitors, London, 1851; Paris, 1855,
1867; Dublin, 1865. (Medals.)
Coats, J. and P., Ferguslie Thread
Works, Paisley. One spooling machine, one
thread winding machine, one machine for
ticketting.
(727)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Paris, 1855, 1867 (Medals); London, 1871,
1872, 1873, and 1874 (Medals); Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Merit).
Platt Bros. & Co., Limited, Engineers
and Machine Makers, Hartford Works, Old-
ham, Lancashire. One Patent double Macarthy
roller cotton gin, for cleaning different varieties
of seed cotton by separating the fibre from the
seed.
(728)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Council Medal);
1862 (Prize Medal); Paris, 1855 (Medaille
d'Honneur); 1867 (Gold Medal); Moscow,
1872 (Gold Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma
of Honour).
Gadd, Thomas, Engineer, Salford, Man-
chester. Agents for U.S. and Canada, E.
Szarbinowski and Nathan, 40 Brazenose
Street, Manchester. 8/s Printing machine
for large size garment rollers, 2/s Angular
engine and intermediate geering; Improved
combined engraving and punching machine,
self-acting; Setting-out table with micrometer
&c., Patent combined varnishing and ruling
machine ; and the following for mills and
dies, Machine for setting out, Ruling machine
self-acting, Clams, Engravers block, and
Lathe.
Cl. 521.
(729)
Cl. 521.
Howard & Bullough, Globe Works,
Accrington. Machinery used for spinning
(730)
cotton.
Greenwood & Batley. See Cl. 515, 531,
540.
Gimson & Coltman, Patent Hosiery Ma-
chinists, Duke Street, Leicester. Patent Rib
Top Machine for making Selvidge Rib Tops
with welt and slack course, fitted up with
three carriers and adjustable motion to pro-
duce the Royal Rib Stitch in any part of the
work without stopping the machine. Large
and Small Circular Machines. Large Circular
Machine, with 12 feeders, for making Cardigan
Jackets, fitted with adjustable motion to make
the plain rib work. Small Circular Machine
for making Cardigan Jacket Sleeves with welt
and cuff complete.
(231)
Smith, John & Samuel, Low Bridge
Works, Keighley, Yorkshire. Makers of En-
gineers' and Machine Tools and all kinds of
Worsted machinery; viz., Combing preparing
and drawing or spinning preparing, also Spin-
ing and Twisting or Doubling. The following
machines are exhibited: 1. Two-Spindle Gill
Box;
2. Six-Spindle Drawing Box ; 3.
Twenty-four-Spindle Dandy Roving Frame
Cl. 521.
Cl. 522.
Cl. 522.
DEPARTMENT V.-CLASSES 530-537.
231
Cl. 523,
524.
CI. 524.
4. 144-Spindle Spinning Frame; 5. 120-Spindle
Twisting Frame.
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Medals).
(732)
Fairbairn, Kennedy, & Naylor, En-
gineers and Machinists, Leeds. Machinery
for preparing and spinning Jute, Hemp, Flax,
Tow, and similar Fibres. Carding Engine;
Drawing, Roving, and Spinning Frames. Cop
Winding and Quadruple Drilling Machine for
Locomotive Work.
(733)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Medal and Hon.
Mention).
Lawson, Samuel, & Sons, Machine
Makers, Hope Foundry, Leeds. Machinery
for Carding, Preparing, and Spinning Jute;
Cop Winding Machine.
(734)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Council Medal);
1862 (Hon. Mention); Paris, 1855 (Hon.
Mention); 1867 (Grande Medaille); Paris
Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Grand Diploma) ;
Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Honour).
Marshall, T. J., & Co., Paper-making
Machinery, Dandy Roll and Wire Cloth
Manufacturers, Campbell Works, Gillet Street,
Kingsland, London, N. Dandy rolls with
Patent Water marking, improved Carriages for
same, wire cloth, &c. for paper making, and
Patent Pulp Strainer.
(735)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention).
Annandale, Alex., & Sons, Beltonford
Paper Works, Dunbar, Scotland. Paper
Maker's Strainer Comb-out or Knotter Plate,
as reclosed under Process.
(736)
Cl. 525.
Cl. 525.
Cl. 531.
MACHINES, APPARATUS, AND IMPLEMENTS USED IN SEWING AND MAKING CLOTHING
AND ORNAMENTAL OBJECTS.
CLASS 530.-Machines used in the manufacture of tapestry, including carpets, lace, floor-cloth,
fancy embroidery, etc.
CLASS 531.-Sewing and knitting machines, clothes making machines.
CLASS 532.-Machines for preparing and working leather.
CLASS 533.-Machines for making boots and shoes.
CLASS 534.-Machines for ironing, drying, and scouring.
CLASS 535.-Machines for making clocks and watches.
CLASS 536.-Machines for making jewellery.
CLASS 537.-Machines for making buttons, pins, needles, etc.
Wilson, Newton, & Co., Engineers and
Sewing Machine Manufacturers, 144, High |
Holborn, London, and St. George's Foundry,
Birmingham, Sewing machines, their appli-
ances and apparatus. Hand and Treadle,
Family and Manufacturing. Hand Sewing
machines, Single Thread, the "Queen Mab,”
"Express," "Queen of Scots," and "Cleo-
patra." Shuttle-lock Stitch, the "Newcastle,"
"The Tower," and the "Princess of Wales."
Lock and Herring-bone Stitch. "England's
Queen," All patented by Newton Wilson
and Co. Treadle Sewing Machines of the
“Wheeler and Wilson" and "Singer ” class,
with patented improvements by Newton
Wilson and Co. New Attachments and Ap-
paratus for sewing machines. Circular Feed
or Repairing Machine, originally invented by
Newton Wilson and Co.
(750)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
Paris, 1867 (Prize Medal); Lyons, 1872
(Prize Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Prize Medal).
Smith & Starley, Sewing Machine Manu--
facturers, Trafalgar Works, Coventry. Makers
to the British Army and Government School
Boards. Sewing machines. The "Europa,"
the "Queen of Hearts," the "Little Dorrit,"
and other Patented Lockstitch and Loopstitch
Sewing Machines, adapted for Domestic or
Manufacturing purposes. Sewing Machine
Needles and Attachments, Stocking Darning
Machines, Button-hole Sewing Machines, Im-
proved Automatic Work Holders, Electric
Motors applicable to sewing machines and
other mechanism. Patented Bicycles and
Suspended Wheels.
(751)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit) ;
London, 1874 (First Prize Medal); Manchester
Mechanical, 1875 (Silver Medal, the highest
award to Sewing Ma chines).
Cl. 531,
293.



232
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 531,
533.
Cl. 531.
Kimball & Morton, Sewing Machine
Manufacturers, 80, Bishop Street, Anderston,
Argyle Street, Glasgow, and Reform Street,
Dundee. The Lion and New Family and
Medium Machines. The Nos. 2 and 3 Tailor-
ing and Bootmaking Machines, the Medium
Machine for light sacks, and the large Over-
head machines for heavy sacks, sails, and
tarpaulins.
(752)
Exhibitors, Edinburgh, 1869, the Highland
and Agricultural Society's Show; Burton-on-
Trent, Staffordshire Agricultural Society's
Show (First Prizes); Royal Agricultural Asso-
ciation of England, 1873 (First Prize for
Sewing Machines).
Sanson, Robert Bell, Engineer, 87,
Globe Road, Mile End Road, London, E.
Spring arm endless band knife, cloth cutting
machine, and parallel pressing machine for
tailors' use.
(753)
Greenwood & Batley. See Cl. 515,
521, 540.
Laing's Patent Overhead Hand
Stich Sewing Machine Co. (Limited),
4, Bain Square, Dundee. A New and Im-
proved Overhead Sewing Machine. (754)
Pullman, R. & J. See Cl. 652.
Air Burning Company, The (Limited),
Owners of Patents (Robertson's) for Heat-
ing Irons, &c. by Combination of Gas and
Air, 118, Queen Street, Glasgow, Scotland.
Patent Ironing Table.
(755)
Exhibitors, London, 1873 (First Medal for
Irons).
Im-
Stockman, Benjamin Pryor, 3, Poets
Corner, Westminster Abbey, London.
proved Apparatus for Ironing, an Ironing
(756)
Table; also a Water Meter.
Cl. 531.
Cl. 531.
Cl. 532.
Cl. 534.
‘
Cl. 534,
566.
Cl. 540.
Cl. 540.
#
MACHINES AND APPARATUS FOR TYPE SETTING, PRINTING, STAMPING, EMBOSSING,
AND FOR MAKING BOOKS, AND PAPER WORKING.
CLASS 540.-Printing presses.
CLASS 541.-Type-casting machines, apparatus of stereotyping.
CLASS 542.-Types and type-setting machines. Type-writing machines.
CLASS 543.-Printers' furniture.
CLASS 544.-Book-binding machines.
CLASS 545.-Paper-folding machines.
CLASS 546.--Paper and card cutting machines.
CLASS 547.-Envelope machines.
Beatty, Francis S., Engraver and Litho-
grapher, 30, Summer Hill, Dublin. Beatty's
Beatty's
Lithographers' manifold transfer machines for
the reproduction of printed matter of enlarged
or reduced dimensions from that of the origi-
nal, used for the multiplication of printed
books of various sizes from one type forme,
and reproduced by the typo-relievo etching
process for printing.
(770)
Exhibitor, London, 1872.
Lilly, John, & Co., Engineers and
Machine Makers, 172, St. John Street,
Clerkenwell, London, E.C. Fast English
Perfecting Machine for printing Books, News-
papers, at a speed of 1,500 per hour. Simple
Single Cylinder Machine for printing Books
and Colour work.
(771)
"Times" Office
Walter, John, M.P.,
Printing House Square, London, E.C. The
"Walter " Printing Press.
(772)
Shaw, William, Printer and Newspaper
Proprietor, 3, Sheldon Street, Bayswater,
London, W. New Patent Platten Printing
Machine.
(773)
Cl. 540.
Cl. 540.
Greenwood & Batley. See Cl. 515,
521, 531.
Cl. 540.
Cl. 540.
Cl. 542.
Sloper, Joseph. See Cl. 258.
Tomline, Colonel George, Carlton Ter-
race, London, S.W. Patent Logotypes and
Logotype Cases, will be shown in opera-

tion.
(774)
Exhibitor, London, 1873-4.
Scott, Robson John. See Cl. 306.
Stephenson, Blake, & Co. See Cl. 306.
CI. 542.
Cl. 542.
DEPARTMENT V.-CLASSES 550-555.
233
Cl. 550,
555.
Cl. 550,
552, 674.
Cl. 550.
Cl. 550,
552, 674.
MOTORS AND APPARATUS FOR THE GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION OF POWER
CLASS 550.-Boilers and all steam or gas-generating apparatus for motive purposes.
CLASS 551.-Water-wheels, water engines, hydraulic rams, wind-mills.
CLASS 552.-Steam, air, or gas engines, electro-magnetic engines.
CLASS 553.-Apparatus for the transmission of power, shafting, belting, cables, transmission of
power by compressed air, etc., gearing, cables.
CLASS 554.-Screw propellers, wheels for the propulsion of vessels and other motors.
CLASS 555.-Implements and apparatus used in connexion with motors, steam gauges, mano-
meters, etc.
Green, Edward, & Son, Engineers,
Manchester and Wakefield. One Green's
Patent Fuel Economiser for heating the feed
water for Steam Boilers. Effects a saving of
(780)
from 18 to 25 per cent. of fuel.
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Medal); Moscow,
1872 (Grand Gold Medal); Vienna, 1873
(Medal for Progress); Manchester, 1868
(Gold Medal); Leeds, 1868 (Gold Medal).
Davey, Paxman, & Co., Mechanical
Engineers, Colchester, Essex. I. 8-Horse
Power Portable Steam Engine, designed with
a view to economy of fuel. II. 8-Horse
Power Davey Paxman Patent Vertical Boiler,
with 8-Horse Power Engine vertically attached.
III. Patent Steam Corn Dryer, for drying all
kinds of grain, coffee, &c. IV. Patent Water
Heater, "B," acts as incrustation trap, raises
the temperature of the water to 212° between
the pump and the boiler. This boiler evapo-
rates 10 lbs. of water with 1 lb. of coal.
The circulation of the water is perfect and
priming is prevented.
(781)
Galloway, W. and J., & Sons, Engi-
neers, Knott Mill Iron Works, Manchester.
Three 60-horse power Steel Boilers for use in
the British Section.
(782)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1867; Vienna, 1873.
Ransomes, Sims, & Head, Agricultural
Engineers, Orwell Works, Ipswich. 10-
Horse-Power Portable Steam Engine, fitted
with "Head and Schemioth's " patent
apparatus for burning straw, reeds, sticks,
maize stalks, and cotton stalks, as well as
coal and wood. 6-Horse Power Portable
Steam Engine, fitted as above.
(783)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; Paris, 1855,
1867; Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Honour).
Moy, Thomas, Engineer, 37, Farringdon
Street, London, E.C. Small steam-engines for
tramways and general purposes, where small
weight and space and economy in working are
(784)
required.
Wright, William, Vulcan Foundry,
Coatbridge, Scotland. Hot-water Boilers
for heating Dwellings, Conservatories, &c.,
&c.
(785)
Anderson, David, & Son. See Cl. 235.
McTear & Co. See Cl. 235.
Engert & Rolfe. See Cl. 235.
Wier, Marshall Arthur, Telegraph
Engineer, 33, Abchurch Lane, Lombard
Street, London, E.C. Pneumatic motor, Water
Meter, Hydro-Gyrometer, Locomotive Speed
Indicator, Pneumatic Gyrometer, Recipro-
cating Counter.
(786)
Monckton, E. H. C., care of Coutts &
Co., Strand, London, W.C. Hydraulic Ma-
chinery.
(787)
Thermo - Electric Generator Co.,
Limited (H. Crump, Secretary), 27, New
Street, Cloth Fair, London, E.C. Patent of
M. Clamond. Thermo-electric batteries worked
by gas, charcoal, coke, or mineral oils, in
nature approaching the appearance of a gas
(788)
stove.
Exhibitors, Paris Maritime Exhibition,
1875 (Diplome d'Honneur, Gold Medal); La
Société d'Encouragement pour l'Industrie
Nationale (Grand Gold Medal). 15, dalit
Holmes, Payton, & Taylor. See
Cl. 500.
Hurd, Frederiek, & Co. See Cl. 500.
Turner, Charles, Civil Engineer, 3,
Bugle Street, Southampton. Couplings for
Propeller Shafts and other purposes.、 (789)
Cl. 550,
552.
Cl. 550.
Cl. 550.
Cl. 550.
Cl. 550.
Cl. 551.
Cl. 551.
Cl. 552,
325.

Cl. 552.
Cl. 552.
Cl. 553.
*
234
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 553,
554, 267.
Cl. 554.
Hewitt, William, Prospect Villa, Syden-
ham Hill, Bristol. No. 1, Model of an im-
poved Screw Propeller. No. 2, Model of
a "Feathering" Screw Propeller. No. 3,
Model of an improved principle for driving
machinery-(this will be affixed to Stand
No. 2). No. 4, Improved Gun Carriage.
No. 5, Improved Breech-loader Gun. (790)
Exhibitor of Gun and Gun Carriage, Paris,
1867.
Vansittart, Henrietta, Mrs., Mechani-
cal Artist, Bell House, Montpelier Row,
Twickenham. The Lowe-Vansittart curved
line or three pitch wave line, non-vibrating,
full backing Economical Screw Propeller, as
fitted in the British Navy and Merchant Ser-
vice, by Mrs. Henrietta Vansittart, who is the
daughter of Mr. J. Lowe, the inventor of
Screw propulsion.
(791)
Naples Maritime Exhibition, 1870 (First
Class Diploma); Dublin, 1872 (Medal); Paris
Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Silver Medal).
Moncrieff, John, North British Glass
Works, Perth, Scotland. Steam Boiler Water
Gauge Glasses.
(792)
Hicks, James Joseph. See Cl. 320, 276.
Cl. 555.
Cl. 555.
Cl. 560.
Cl. 560.
HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC APPARATUS, PUMPING, HOISTING, AND LIFTING.
CLASS 560.-Pumps and apparatus for lifting and moving liquids.
CLASS 561.-Pumps and apparatus for moving and compressing air or gas.
CLASS 562.-Pumps and blowing engines, blowers, and ventilating apparatus.
CLASS 563.-Hydraulic jacks, presses, elevators, lifts, meters, cranes.
CLASS 564.-Fire engines, hand, steam, or chemical, and fire extinguishing apparatus, hose,
ladders, fire-escapes, etc.
CLASS 565.-Beer engines, soda-water machines, bottling apparatus, corking machines.
CLASS 566.-Stop valves, cocks, pipes, etc.
CLASS 567.-Diving apparatus and machinery.
CLASS 568.-Ice machines.
Gwynne, John and Henry, Engineers,
Hammersmith Ironworks, London, W. A
model of one Pair of Compound Surface
Condensing Engines with Patent Centrifugal
Pumps made to th Scale. Four Pairs of a
similar size are at work at Codigoro, near
Ferrara, Italy, and form the largest pumping
machinery in the World, capable of raising
2,000 tons of Water per minute 15 feet high.
Highly finished, in plate glass frame. (800)
Exhibitors, Brabant, 1868 (Gold Medal);
Akola, 1868 (Two Silver Medals); Havre,
1868 (Silver Medal); Altona, 1869 (Silver
Medal); Chili, 1869 (Silver Medal); Courtrai,
1872 (Gold Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Imperial
Order of Francis Joseph conferred by H.I.M.
the Emperor of Austria); Cologne, 1875
(Special Gold Medal).
hot Gwynne & Co., Engineers, Essex Street,
Works, Strand and Victoria Embankment,
London.
Patent Combined Double-acting
Centrifugal Pumping Engine, Patent Double-
Acting Centrifugal Pump, new form, case
opening horizontally, bed plate and standard
cast with pump base. Patent Double-acting
Centrifugal Pump, case opening vertically,
standard and bed plate separate pieces.
Gwynne and Beales' Patent Combined Gas
Exhauster and Engine.
(801)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867
(First Class Medals); Vienna, 1873 (Medal
for Merit); and 27 other medals obtained at
all the Great Exhibitions.
3 Adair & Co., Patent Pump Manufacturer,
Neptune Street, Liverpool. One pair Adair's
Patent Double-action Pumps, complete, to act
as main pump or fill engine, to pump from
hold or sea. One pair Adair's Patent Double-
action Main and Bilge Pump, combined to
pump from main well or bilges. Adair's
Cl. 560,
564.
DEPARTMENT V.-CLASSES 560-568.
235

Cl. $60.
Cl. 560.
Cl. 562.
Cl. 562.
Cl. 563.
Cl. 563.
Cl. 569.
Patent Double-action Fire-engine with hose
complete.
Pickering, Jonathan. See Cl. 503.
Fison, J. P. See Cl. 670, 673, 674, 683.
Ellis, William Irlam, Engineer, 66,
Murray Street, Higher Broughton, Man-
chester. A. Blower or Exhauster for air or
gas. A machine for blowing air into foundry
cupolas and other furnaces, or for exhausting
gas in the manufacture of coal gas, for ven-
tilating mines, ships, &c. Patented in United
States.
(802)
Boyle, Robert, & Son, 100, Mitchell
Street, Glasgow. Boyle's Patent Self-acting
Air Pumps.
Ventilators. Apparatus for
Prevention of Smoke. Ventilator for Steam
Ships.
(803)
Appleby, Charles James and Thomas
Hodgson, Brothers, Engineers, Emerson
Street, Southwark, London, S.E. Four port-
able steam cranes. Seven ton steam crane
with wrought-iron permanent way carriage,
springs and buffers; lifts, turns round, alters
radius of jib, and travels by steam.-Three
tons ditto, ditto.-Five ton steam crane on
low cast-iron carriage, with all motions as
above.-Five ton ditto, ditto, except travels
by hand.
(804)
Exhibitors, London, 1862; Paris, 1867;
Vienna, 1873.
Nussey & Leachman. See Cl. 515.
Haynes, Thomas, & Sons, Wholesale
Ironmongers and Patentees, 227, 229, 231,
Edgware Road, London, W. The Patent
Hydronette; the Patent Hydron-a platform
pump; the Patent Regina Garden Syringe;
the Patent Water Bringer, for overcoming
friction caused by drawing water through
long lengths of hose. The Patent Syreileon
-a self-acting Hose-Coiler.
(805)
Exhibitors, First Prize Silver Medals
awarded to Haynes and Sons for their Patent
Water-throwing Apparatus. Highland Agri-
cultural Society of Scotland, 1869; Linnæan
Society, Brussels, 1869; Free States of Ham-
burgh, 1869; Horticultural and Agricultural
Society of Hainault, 1869; Wirral Agricul-
tural Society, 1870; Royal North Lancashire
Agricultural Society, 1870; Channel Islands
Exhibition, 1871; Lyons, 1872; Cologne In-
ternational Horticultural Exhibition, 1875;
Vienna, 1873 (Hon. Mention), &c., &c.
Wallace, John S., & Tucker, Edward,
Timber Merchants, 3, Antrim Place, Belfast.
The Wallace-Tucker Fire Annihilator acts
automatically by the production of car-
bonic acid gas within the apartment in
which a fire is burning, this gas extinguish-
ing the flame (patented). "The Buoy,"
or Turret System of life preservation in
case of shipwreck. A compartment distinct
and detached from the ship is built within
her large enough to contain the provisions
for the voyage, and all the passengers if
required. Should the vessel go down it
floats, and those on board can take refuge in
her. Model.
(806)
Sanderson and Proctor, Electric and
General Engineers, Shore Works, Hudders-
field, and 19 and 21, Queen Victoria Street,
London, E.C. Patent Automatic Fire Ex-
tinguisher and Alarm for Mills, and all Build-
ings where Steam is used. Also of Improved
Patent Copper Lightning Conductors for the
Protection of Ships and every Description of
Buildings from Damage by Lightning. (807)
Needham & Kite, Engineers, Phoenix
Ironworks, Vauxhall, 220, Upper Kennington
Lane, London, S.E. For clarifying opaque
or turbid fluids, to work by hand, a High Pres-
sure-Filter Press. The mechanical clarifier
is used in this country for clarifying turbid
wine, beer, cider, vinegar, aniline dyes, var-
nish, oils, and all turbid liquors where the
opaque substance is in suspension. (808)
Lawrence & Co., Brewers' Engineers,
Coppersmiths, Architects, Brass and Iron
Founders, &c., 22, St. Mary Axe, London,
E.C. Refrigerators for cooling Brewers' and
Distillers' Worts and Mash; also for cooling
Milk and all other fluids; for condensing and
purifying water. Mashing Machines, Spargers,
&c., &c.
(809)
Exhibitors, Royal Agricultural Society of
England, 1873; Worcestershire Agricultural
Society, 1873; Manchester and Liverpool
Agricultural Society, 1873. (Silver Medals.)
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress); Agricul-
tural Society of Bremen, 1874; Horticultural
and Agricultural Society Flora of Cologne,
1875. (Silver Medals.) Agricultural Society,
Warschau, Poland, 1875 (Hon. Mention).
Agricultural Show at Namur, Belgium,
Cl. 564.
Cl. 564.
Cl. 565
Cl. 565.


$
#
3
236
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 565.
1875; Agricultural Show at Luxemburg,
1875. (Silver Medals.) Hagenau, 1875 (First
Prize Medal).
Ross, William Adolphus, Cromac
Buildings, Belfast, Ireland. Bottling Appa-
ratus (Patented).
(810)
Dennis, T. H. P., & Co., Engineers,
Anchor Iron Works, Chelmsford, and Mansion
House Buildings, London, E.C. New patent
full-way High-Pressure Valves for steam, hot
water, cold water, or gas.
(811)
Stockman, B. P. See Cl. 534.
Cl. 566.
Cl. 566.
RAILWAY PLANT, ROLLING STOCK, AND APPARATUS.
Cl. 570.
571.
Cl. 571.
Cl. 573.
Cl. 573.
Cl. 573.
Cl. 574.
Cl. 574.
CLASS 570.-Locomotives, models, drawings, plans, etc.
CLASS 571.-Carriages, waggons, trucks, cars, etc.
CLASS 572.-Brakes, buffers, couplings, and snow-ploughs.
CLASS 573.-Wheels, tires, axles, bearings, springs, etc.
CLASS 574.-Permanent ways, ties, chairs, switches, etc.
CLASS 575.-Station arrangements, signals, water-cranes, turn-tables.
CLASS 576.-Miscellaneous locomotive attachments.
CLASS 577.-Street railways and cars.
Handysides Steep Gradient Co.,
Limited, 9, Victoria Chambers, Victoria
Street, Westminster, London. Working
Model of Locomotive and Waggon, to
work on an incline.
(820)
Welch, Alfred, Cattle Salesman, No. 11,
Bank Buildings, Metropolitan Cattle Market,
London. Improved Railway Cattle Waggons,
specially adapted to feed and water, in transit,
animals carried in them. Received official
recommendation of the Royal Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Also re-
ceived a First Class Medal from the Highland
and Agricultural Society of Scotland. (821)
Clarke & Dunham. See Cl. 322, 674.
Cohné, Sigismund. See Cl. 201.
Hawksworth, Wilson, Ellison, & Co.
See Cl. 280, 281.
Williams, Richard Price, Civil Engi-
neer, No. 9, Great George Street, Westminster,
London, S.W. Continuous railway crossings,
"switches" for doing away with facing points
on railways.
(822)
Exhibitor, London, 1873; Leeds, 1875.
(Medals.)
Brierley, Sons, & Reynolds, Railway
Signal Engineers, 81A, Edgware Road, Hyde
Park, London, W. Railway signal model of
railway junction, comprising switches and
signals, locking and interlocking apparatus,
worked on the "Block System."
(823)
Seaton, William, Civil Engineer, 19,
Salisbury Street, Strand, London, W.C.
Seaton's Improved Saddle Rail and Per-
manent Way construction.
(824)
Saxby & Farmer, Railway Signalling
Engineers, Kilburn, London, N.W. 1. Rail-
way Signals. Model of a Junction with
the
switches and signals interlocked on
English system for the prevention of col-
lisions and accidents. 2. Railway Switches,
Model of Locking Bar and apparatus for
securing the proper position of facing
switches, and the immovability of them
during the passing of trains over them.
3. Railway Level Crossing Gates, Model
of arrangement for working gates simul-
taneously and interlocking them with signals
to secure the safe passage of traffic on Road
and Rail.
(825)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Gold Medal);
Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress).
Patent Nut and Bolt Co., The. See
Cl. 284.
Cl. 574.
Cl. 574,
575.
Cl. 574.
DEPARTMENT V.-CLASSES 580-585.
237
Cl. 580.
MACHINES USED IN PREPARING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
CLASS 580.-Flour mills.
CLASS 581.-Sugar refining machines.
CLASS 582.-Confectioners' machinery.
CLASS 583.-Oil-making machinery.
CLASS: 584.-Tobacco manufacturing machines.
CLASS 585.-Mills for spices, coffee, etc.
Sutcliffe, James S., Corn Miller, Bacup,
Lancashire. "Middlings Flour Separater."
(830)
Exhibitor, Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875
(Gold Medal).
Cl. 581,
Mirrlees, Tait, & Watson. Glasgow.
552, 562. Machinery in motion, consisting of one Large
Sugar Mill to make from five to six thousand
pounds per hour. One Small Sugar Mill to
make from two to three hundred pounds per
hour. One Patent Valveless Engine working
an Air Pump for a vacuum pan and driving.
Two 30-in. Weston's Patent self-balancing
suspended Centrifugal Machines; and One
18-in. Weston's Patent Pivot Centrifugal
Machine.
Exhibitors, London, 1862.
(831)
Collier, Luke, Confectioners' and Biscuit
Bakers' Machine Maker, Wellington Works,
River Street, Rochdale. Confectioners' ma-
chines in general.
(832)
Exhibitor, London, 1862, 1873 (Medals);
Paris, 1867; Lima, Peru, 1872.
Andrew, J. E. H., Machine Maker,
Waterloo Road, Stockport. (Sole maker of
Robinsons' and Andrew's Patent Tobacco
Spinning Machines.) Machines for spinning
all descriptions of Twist or Roll Tobacco,
fromto 2 inches diameter, also samples of
Twist Tobacco spun in various countries in
Europe.
(833)
Cl. 582.
Cl. 584.
AERIAL, PNEUMATIC, AND WATER TRANSPORTATION.
Cl. 594,
597.
CLASS 590.-Suspended cable railways.
CLASS 591.-Transporting cables.
CLASS 592.-Balloons, flying machines, etc.
CLASS 593.-Pneumatic railways, pneumatic dispatch.
CLASS 594.-Boats and sailing vessels. Sailing vessels used in commerce. Sailing vessels
used in war. Yachts and pleasure boats.
salvage apparatus, with life rafts, belts, etc.
Rowing boats of all kinds. Life-boats and
Submarine armour, diving bells, etc. Ice boats.
CLASS 595.-Steamships, steamboats, and all vessels propelled by steam.
CLASS 596.-Vessels for carrying telegraph cables, and railway trains, also coal barges, water
boats, and dredging machines, screw and floating docks, and for other special purposes.
CLASS 597.-Steam capstans, windlass, deck-winches, and steering apparatus, fans.
Hill & Clark, Engineers, 6, Westminster
Chambers, Victoria Street, London, S.W.
Boat Disengaging Hooks, and models of same
with boat, &c., to show how fitted. (840)
Exhibitors, Northfleet Exhibition; London,
1871 (Award), 1871-73-73 (Medals); Paris
Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Gold Medal).
Logan, John Maxwell, Boat Builder,
Chesterton Road, Cambridge. Model of four-
oared racing boat, to take to pieces for con-
venience in travelling, with case to carry it
in.
(841)
Siebe & Gorman, 17, Mason Street, West-
minster Bridge Road, London (late of 5,
咏
​¿

Cl. 594.
Cl 594.
238
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
:
Cl. 594.
Cl. 594.
Cl. 594.
Cl. 594,
595, 410.
Cl. 594,
597.
Denmark Street, Soho, London).
*
Improved
Diving Apparatus for two Divers, as adopted
by the Admiralty and War Office. A figure
of Diver in Diving Suit complete, with the
"Crown" improved Helmet and Speaking
Apparatus, with which the Diver can corre-
spond with the surface.
(842)
Exhibitor, London, 1851, 1862, 1874; Paris,
1855; Exhibition Maritime, 1875; Naples,
1871 (Medals at all); Vienna, 1873 (Medal
for Merit).
Cruickshank, A. B., 5, Reform Street,
Dundee, Scotland. Self-acting safety cleats
for boat and yachts.
(843)
Exhibitor, Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875
(Bronze Medal).
Clay, Randolph. See Cl. 265, 276, 320.
Sainty, John, & Barnard. See Cl. 673,
674.
Inman Steamship Company, Limited,
Steamship Owners, 22, Water Street, Liver-
pool. Full rigged model of "The Inman
"Steamship Company's" Royal Mail Steamer,
(C
City of Berlin;" built by Messrs. Caird
& Co., Greenock, 1875. Length 523 feet,
breadth 44 feet, depth 36 feet; gross tonnage
5,490 tons, net 3,140 tons; indicated horse-
power, 5,000 horses; nominal, 950 horses;
speed, 15 knots; (made the fastest passage on
record from Queenstown to New York in
September 1875. Time, 7 days, 18 hours,
2 minutes, and from New York to Queenstown,
October 1875. Time, 7 days, 18 hours, 48
minutes). Oil Painting, of the "Inman
"Royal Mail Steamer, 'City of Berlin,' off
"the Old Head of Kinsale," Ireland, bound
for Queenstown and Liverpool.
Samuel Walters, Liverpool.)
(Artist,
(844)
Bradford, William Henry, Great
Saughall, near Chester. Model of Iron Life
Boat uncapsizable under full sail. Covered
accommodation for females and children.
Security for water, provision, mail bags, &c.
No lowering apparatus required. Model
represents a 36-ft. ship's principal Life-
saving Boat, placed as Long Boat, to be run
overboard with hawser attached to a sinking
ship; masts to be stepped and sails hoisted
when clear of the wreck. Lateen rig. Sketch
on same principle, represents a 90-ft. Life
or Salvage Boat, to go under steam from
the shore, with novel composite screw and
paddle propellers; designed to launch herself
or go over a sand or mud bank to a wreck,
forming a combined Life and Tug Boat.
Model of a Ship's Course Indicator, whereby
a ship's course, as steered by compass, may be
shown at night by lamps.
(845)
Exhibitor, London, 1873 (Medal); Paris
Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Hon. Diploma).
Clark, Standfield, & Co., Civil Engi-
neers, 6, Westminster Chambers, London,
S.W. Models of patent floating and gridiron
depositing docks.
(846)
Exhibitor, Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875
(Medal).
Roby, George, Wigan, Inventor and
Patentee of Hydro-pneumatic and other ves-
sels for the storage of Gunpowder and other
substances liable to damage by heat or
evaporation, or by fire, or by flooding with
*(847)
water.
Wood, John William, Harwich, Essex.
Wood's patent Iron self-adjusting shot hole,
rivet hole, and leak stopper for application
to ships, buoys, boilers, or other hollow
vessels.
(848)
Exhibitor, Northfleet Exhibition, London,
1872; Liverpool Exhibition of Marine Ap-
pliances, 1873 (Certificates); Paris Maritime
Exhibition, 1875 (Gold Medal).
Martin, Claude, Patent Anchors and
Patent Chain Cables Manufacturer, 73 and 74,
King William Street, London, E.C.
"Mar-
tin's Patent Self-Canting Anchors, with or
without stock," Martin's Patent "Zig-Zag,"
of H.M.'s Turret
Chain-Cables, Model
Ram "Alexandra," fitted with Martin's
anchors.
(849)
Exhibitor and Awards, London, 1862 ;
Paris, 1855 (Bronze); 1867 (Silver); Havre,
1868 (Gold); Naples, 1871 (Gold); Lima,
1872 (Gold); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Merit); Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875
(Gold); also National Awards from several
Foreign Governments.
Cl. 596.
Cl. 596,
224.
Cl. 597.
Cl. 597.
Gümpel, Charles Godfrey, Assoc. I. CL. 597.
C. E. & I. N. A., Engineer and Machinist. 49,
Leicester Square, London, W.C. A new im-

DEPARTMENT V.-CLASSES 590-597.
239
proved Ship's Rudder, represented by several
models showing its application-1. To a Man-
of-War Screw Steamer; 2. To an American
river steamer; 3. To a Paddle Steamer or
Sailing Vessel. Its distinctive character is
shown by three small models, representing
A, the common, B, the balanced, and C
Gümpel's Rudder."
(850)
MACHINERY AND APPARATUS ESPECIALLY ADAPTED TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF
THE EXHIBITION.
Boilers, engines, cranes, pumps, etc.
Aveling & Porter. See Cl. 682.
Tangye Brothers. See Cl. 563.
Pickering, Jonathan.
See Cl. 503, 560.
*

#
་ ་
#

*
DEPARTMENT VI.-CLASSES 620-624.
241
÷
DEPARTMENT VI.-AGRICULTURE.
Location:-AGRICULTURAL BUILDING.
ARBORICULTURE AND FOREST PRODUCTS.
CLASS 600.-Timber and trunks of trees, entire or in transverse or truncated sections, with
specimens of barks, leaves, flowers, seed vessels, and seed.
Masts, spars, knees, longitudinal sections of trees, railway ties, ship timber, lumber
roughly sawn; as planks, shingles, lath, and staves.
Timber and lumber prepared in various ways to resist decay and combustion; as by
injection of salts of copper and zinc.
CLASS 601.-Ornamental woods used in decorating and for furniture; as veneers of mahogany,
rosewood, ebony walnut, maple, and madrona.
CLASS 602.-Dye-woods, barks, and galls for colouring and tanning.
CLASS 603.- Gums, resins, caoutchouc, gutta percha, vegetable wax.
CLASS 604.-Lichens, mosses, fungi, pulu, ferns.
CLASS 605.-Seeds, nuts, etc., for food and ornamental purposes.
CLASS 606.-Forestry.-Illustrations of the art of planting, managing, and protecting forests.
Statistics.
Cl. 602.
Hooper, Cleeve, junr. See Cl. 652.
Hooper, Cleeve W., & Sons. See CI, 652.
Cl. 602,
POMOLOGY.
CLASS 610.-Fruits of temperate and semi-tropical regions; as apples, pears, quinces, peaches,
nectarines, apricots, plums, grapes, cherries, strawberries, and melons.
CLASS 611-Tropical fruits and nuts, oranges, bananas, plantains, lemons, pine-apples, pome-
granates, figs, cocoa nuts.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
Cl. 620.
Cl. 623.
CLASS 620.-Cereals, grasses, and forage plants.
CLASS 621.-Leguminous plants and esculent vegetables.
CLASS 622.-Roots and tubers.
CLASS 623.-Tobacco, hops, tea, coffee, and spices.
CLASS 624.-Seeds and seed vessels.
Delf, Captain William, Great Bentley,
Colchester. Agricultural grain. Specialité,
a new and distinct variety of Wheat, named
the "Mainstay."
(860)
Fry, J. S., & Sons. See Cl. 656.
%

Menier, Emile. See Cl. 656.
Turner, R. P. See Cl. 656.
Cl. 623.
Cl. 623.
Yuille, Andrew. See Cl. 651, 656, 660.
Cl. 623.
36714.
242
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION,
CLASS 630.-Horses, asses, mules.
CLASS 631.-Horned cattle.
CLASS 632.-Sheep.
LAND ANIMALS.
CLASS 633.-Goats, alpaca, llama, camel.
CLASS 634.-Swine.
CLASS 635.-Poultry and birds.
CLASS 636.-Dogs and cats.
CLASS 637.-Wild animals.
CLASS 638.-Insects, useful and injurious. Honey bees, cochineal, silkworms.
LIVE STOCK.
1. The Live Stock display at the International Exhibition will be held within the months of
September and October, 1876; the periods devoted to each class and family being fifteen days,
and the division as follows:-
Horses, Mules, and Asses, from September first to fifteenth.
Horned Cattle (of all varieties), from September twentieth to October fifth.
Sheep, Swine, Goats, and Dogs, from October tenth to twenty-fifth.
Poultry will be exhibited from October twenty-eight to November tenth.
FULL DESCRIPTIONS OF THE VARIOUS ENTRIES WILL APPEAR IN SUBSEQUENT
EDITIONS OF THE CATALOGUE.
$
Cl. 641.
MARINE ANIMALS, FISH CULTURE, AND APPARATUS.
CLASS 640.-Marine mammals.-Seals, cetaceans, etc., specimens living in aquaria, or stuffed,
salted, preserved in alcohol or otherwise.
CLASS 641.-Fishes, living or preserved.
CLASS 642.-Pickled fish, and parts of fish used for food.
CLASS 643.-Crustaceans, echinoderms, beche de mer.
CLASS 644.-Mollusks, oysters, clams, etc., used for food.
CLASS 645.-Shells, corals, and pearls.
CLASS 646.-Whalebone, shagreen, fish-glue, isinglass, sounds, fish-oil.
CLASS 647.-Instruments and apparatus of fishing.-Nets, baskets, hooks, and other apparatus
used in catching fish.
CLASS 648.-Fish culture.-Aquaria, hatching pools, vessels for transporting roe and spawn,
and other apparatus used in fish breeding, culture, or preservation.
Hoare, John, Pisciculturist, 39, Blooms-
bury Street, Bedford Square, London, W.C.,
and the British Perpetual Salmon Angling
Association. Specimens of emasculated salmon
(salmo salar).
The object of this process is to cultivate the
salmon in enclosed ponds or Vivaria, either
salt or fresh water, to have it perpetually in
season, in good condition and fit for food or
angling all the year round.
(870)
Exhibitor at Royal Dublin Society, Royal
Zoological Society, Lancashire and Liver-
pool Agricultural Society, Middleton Agricul-
tural Society, &c. &c.
DEPARTMENT VI.-CLASSES 650-662.
243
Cl. 651,
656, 660,
623.
Cl. 651.
Cl. 651.
Cl. 651,
660.
ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS
(Used as Food, or as Materials).
CLASS 650-Sponges, sea-weed, and other growths used for food or in the arts.
CLASS 651.-The dairy.-Milk, cream, butter, cheese.
CLASS 652.-Hides, furs, and leather, tallow, oil, and lard, ivory, bone, horn, glue.
CLASS 653.-Eggs, feathers, down.
CLASS 654.-Honey and wax.
CLASS 655.-Animal perfumes; as musk, civet, ambergris.
CLASS 656.-Preserved meats, vegetables, and fruits. Dried, or in cans or jars. Meat and
vegetable extracts.
CLASS 657.-Flour; crushed and ground cereals, decorticated grains.
CLASS 658.-Starch and similar products.
CLASS 659.-Sugar and syrups.
CLASS 660.-Wines, alcohol, and malt liquors.
CLASS 661.-Bread, biscuits, crackers, and cakes.
CLASS 662.-Vegetable oils.
Yuille, Andrew, Practical Chemist, 132,
Irongate, Melville Court, Glasgow. Essences
of Coffee, Coffee and Chicory, Chocolate,
Coffee and Milk, Condensed Milk, Sauce,
Vinegar in Bottle.
(880)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Merit).
Evans & Stafford, Stilton Cheese Ma-
kers and Factors, Campbell Street, Leicester.
Stilton cheese.
(881)
Hooker, J., F.C.S., Analytical Chemist,
104, Upper Thames Street, London, E.C. A
large tin of milk which has been exposed to
the air for five years; also "Grimwade's
Desiccated Milk"; Condensed milk, and other
preparations made with milk.
(882)
Exhibitor, London, 1873 (Medal).
Chapman, Edwin, & Co., Manufacturers
of Koumiss, Sparkling Bland, &c., 10, Duke
Street, Portland Place, London, W. Koumiss,
a beverage prepared from Cow's Milk, by
double fermentation, in five varieties :
A. Full Koumiss, containing the maximum
of Casein.
B. Medium Koumiss, containing more
Lactose, Phosphates, but less Casein
than A.
C. Whey Koumiss, free from Casein and
Fat.
D. Diabetic Koumiss, with or without Gly-
cerine.
E. Sparkling Bland, a Koumiss for general
use at table, in summer, etc., and least
deteriorated by time.
The Koumiss Extract, for converting Milk
into Koumiss, best suited for Export. (883)
Exhibitors, London, 1873 (Medal).
Green, John, Gelatine Manufacturer, 12,
Graham Terrace, Ridley Road, Kingsland,
London, E. Sheet gelatine. Gelatine used by
confectioners for wrappers, &c., cigar boxes,
printers and engravers, and artificial flower
makers.
(884)
Exhibitor, London, 1862; Paris, 1867;
Vienna, 1873.
Pullman, Robert and John, Leather
Dressers, 17, Greek Street, Soho, London, W.
Manufactured leather and machinery. A case
of manufactured leather, &c., buck, doe, and
fawn skins, chamois, Norway does, tan, sheep,
white sheep, white lambs, white splits, basils,
leather, aprons, buff hides, do. white enamelled,
gloves, men's harvest tan, housemaids' tan and
wash, bleaching composition. Leather finish-
ing machines: One stoning machine; one
kniving machine.
(885)
Hooper, Cleeve, Junior, Leather, Hide,
and Bark Factor, 6, 7, & 8, New Weston Street,
Bermondsey, London, S.E. Salted Roans,
Skivers, and Calf; English Tanned Buffalo, Calf,
Horse, Hides, Sheep, Kip; Australian Basils ;
East India Kips, Goats, Sheep, Buffalo;
Skivers and Roans, Chamois. Glue of various
kinds, Glue pieces, Sheep Pelts, Sheep Flesh-
ings, Buffalo Cuttings, Pickers. Tanning
materials, Oak, Cork Tree, Larch, and Mimosa
Cl. 652,

Cl. 652,
532,
Cl. 652,
602.

Q 2
2440
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 652,
276, 280.
Cl. 652,
276, 280.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 623,
656.
Bark; Hemlock and Chesnut Extract; Divi
Divi, Shumac, Valonia, Cutch, Gambier,
Myrabolans, Cod Oil, &c.
(886)
Exhibitor, London, 1874 (Bronze Medal).
Puckridge, Fred, & Nephew, Manufac-
turers of Goldbeaters' Moulds and Goldbeaters'
Skin, 530 to 534, Kingsland Road, London, N.
Goldbeaters' moulds as used for beating gold
into leaves for gilding purposes. Goldbeaters'
Skin as used for medical purposes. (887)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Medals);
Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal).
Bennett, Thomas, & Son, Goldbeaters'
Skin Manufacturers, 70 and 71, Turnmill
Street, Farringdon Road, London, E.C. Gold-
beaters' Skin, a manufactured article used in
the production of gold leaf.
(888)
Wilson, Walker, & Co., Spanish Leather
and Glue Manufacturers, Sheepscar Works,
Leeds. Coloured fancy leather for book-
binders, pocket-book makers, hatters and up-
holsterer's Chamois (or oil leather), and Calf,
Kid, with sundry other goods used by the boot
trade, also glue.
(889)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Bronze
Medals); Paris, 1855 (Bronze Medal); 1867
(Silver Medal).
Sands Bros. & Co. See Cl. 202.
Kent, George Barton, & Co. See Cl.
286.
Elrick, Charles Gray. See Cl. 286.
Edinburgh Western Tanning, Curry-
ing, and Japanning Company, The
Limited, 135 and 141, West Port, Edin-
burgh. Dressed Pigskins and Brown Leathers
for Saddlers' Use.
(890)
Hooper, Cleeve, W., & Co., 51 to 55,
Weston Street, Bermondsey, London, S.E.
Tanning Materials, and various Articles used
in the Manufacture of Leather; also Sam-
ples of Leathers.
(891)
Angus, G., & Co., 10, Thomas Street,
Liverpool,and St. John's LeatherWorks, New-
castle-on-Tyne. English Sole Leather. (892)
Menier, Emile, Chocolate Maker, South-
wark Street and Worcester Street, Boro',
London, S.E. Chocolates and Cocoas. (893)
Exhibitor, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1855, 1867; Vienna. 1873.
Turner, Reuben Panther, Homœopathic
Chemist and Cocoa Manufacturer, &c., 7,
Market Place, Peterborough. Food for in-
fants, Cocoas, Chocolates, &c.
(894)
Fry, Joseph Storrs, & Sons, Chocolate
and Cocoa Manufacturers, 12, Union Street,
Bristol, and 252, City Road, London, E.C.
Chocolate and cocoa, and specimens illustrative
of the process of manufacture.
(895)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862; New
York, 1853; Paris, 1855; Dublin, 1865,
1872. (Bronze Medals.) Paris, 1867
(Silver Medal); Moscow, 1872 (Bronze
Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress).
Ball, James, Italian Warehouseman, 12,
Duke Street, Grosvenor Square, London. W.
"The Genuine Qui-Hi Sauce."
(896)
Crosse & Blackwell, Purveyors to Her
Majesty, Manufacturers of Pickles, Sauces,
Malt Vinegar, Jams, Soups, and Preserved
Provisions, Soho Square and Brewery Road,
London, and Morrison's Quay, Cork, Ireland.
Pickles; Sauces for Fish, Meat, &c.; Malt
Vinegar and Flavoured Vinegars; Jams and
Jellies, Calvesfoot, &c.; Marmalade, Orange
and Apricot; Potted and Preserved Meats;
Preserved Fruits, Soups, and Fish; Oils for
Salads, &c.; Essences for Flavouring, &c.
Preserved Provisions, Sausages, Vegetables,
&c.
(897)
Exhibitors, Paris, 1867 (Three Prize
Medals); Vienna, 1873 (Two Prize Medals).
Geyelin & Co., Concentrated Food
Manufacturers, Argyle Square, London, W.C.
Concentrated animal and vegetable food, either
combined or separate.
(898)
Exhibitors, London, 1870 (Silver Medal);
1873; Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Merit);
Marseilles,1874. Norwich, Glasgow, Brighton,
Birmingham, Manchester, Croydon, Ports-
mouth.
Goodall, Backhouse, & Co., Wholesale
Druggists, Drysalters, &c., Leeds. Goodall's
Yorkshire Relish (Sauce), Goodall's Orange
Quinine Wine, Goodall's Baking Powder, Dr.
Hassall's Food for Infants and Invalids. (899)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of
Merit); London, 1874 (Medal); Paris Mari-
time Exhibition, 1875 (Two Medals); Leeds
(Medal).
Cl. 656,
623.
Cl. 656,
623.
Cl. 656,
203.
Cl. 656,
660, 662
203.
Cl. 656.
Cl. 656,
200, 203
273.
DEPARTMENT VI.-CLASSES 650-662.
245
Cl. 656,
200.
Cl. 656,
273.
Cl. 656,
660, 285.
Cl. 656,
203.
Cl. 656,
203.
Cl. 656,
273.
Ledger, H., & Co., Merchants, 61 and
63, Lant Street, Borough, London, S.E. Pure
Extract of Meat; The Universal Disinfecting
Fluid.
(900)
Mellin, Gustav, Chemist, 16, Tichborne
Street, Regent Street, London, W. A non-
farinaceous food for infants and invalids,
prepared from wheaten flour, malt, and potash,
by Professor Liebig's process; this process
transforms the starch into grape sugar, and
dextrin, which after evaporation results in a dry
granular powder consisting principally of grape
sugar, dextrin, and assimilable constituents,
rich in nitrogen and phosphoric acid.
(901)
Nicoll, Donald, 15, Clement's Inn,
London, W.C. Starch and compounds, ren-
dering fabrics and timber uninflammable. Tea
and coffee combined with milk and sugar,
contained in soluble capsules or cases of
isinglass and gelatine for distribution in single
cups, &c.
Aërated beverages in vessels to
allow rapid distribution, in single draughts.
Carbon combined with caoutchouc, prepared
for the preservation of the surfaces of wood
and iron, and to resist the action of per-
cussion force. Preserved food, containing
meat, vegetables, and condiments, in suitable
vessels.
(902)
Exhibitor, Paris, 1867 (Hon. Mention);
Moscow, 1872 (Grand Gold Medal); Vienna,
1873 (Medal for Merit); London, 1871,
1872 (Certificate for Scientific Inventions);
National Association, England, 1873 (Certi-
ficate of Merit, Sanitary and Educational).
Awarded for the manufactures of Donald
Nicoll.
Patchitt, Edwin Cheshire, Pickle and
Sauce Manufacturers, Ilkeston Road, Not-
tingham. Pickles, Nottinghamshire Sauces,
Anchovy and Bloater Paste.
(903)
Exhibitor, Dublin, 1865; Paris, 1867;
London, 1873.
Pratt, James, 227, Oxford Street, London,
National Sauce."
(904)
W.
Exhibitor, London, 1873 (Medal).
Schneider, Edward Albert, Cook, 4,
Cambria Villa, Chesterton Road. Liquid
Essence of Beef.
(905)
Exhibitor, International Workman's Exhi-
bition, London, 1870 (Silver Medal).
Smith, T. & H., & Co., Manufacturing
Chemists, 21, Duke Street, Edinburgh.
Essences of Coffee, and Coffee with Chicory;
Flavouring essences, and Aërated waters;
Morphine salts, Alkaloids, Resins, Chloroform,
Opium products, and Chemical products. (906)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (Bronze
Medals); New York, 1853 (Bronze Medal);
Paris, 1855 (Bronze Medal); 1867 (Silver
Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for
Progress).
Co.,
Keen, Robinson, Bellville, &
Manufacturers of Keen's Mustards, Robin-
son's Patent Barley and Patent Groats,
Scotch Oatmeal, Pearl Barley, 6, Garlick Hill,
Cannon Street, London, E.C., 64, Red Lion
Street, Holborn, London, W.C. Factory
established A.D. 1742. Preparations from
mustard, barley, oats, &c.
(907)
Exhibitors, London, 1862 (Prize Medal);
Dublin, 1865 (Prize Medal); Paris, 1867
(Prize Medal); Académie Nationale, 1872
(Gold Medal); 1874 (Diplome d'Honneur);
Moscow, 1872 (Grand Gold Medal).
Jones, Palmer, & Co., Condiment Manu-
facturers, "The Eastern" Works, Tabernacle
Walk, Finsbury, London, E.C. The Eastern
condiments, sauces, baking, custard, curry
powders, &c., in boxes and packets. (908)
Allen, Frederick, & Sons, Manufacturing
Confectioners, Canal Road, Mile End Road,
London, E. Manufactured confectionery;
Medicated Lozenges, Jujubes, Effervescing
Citrate of Magnesia, Table Jellies, Pontefract
Liquorice in Cakes, Rolls, and Pipes; Confec-
tionery in Fancy Packets, &c.
(909)
Exhibitors, London, 1873 (Medal).
Cantrell & Cochrane, Aërated and
Mineral Water Manufacturers (by Royal
Letters Patent), Nassau Place, Dublin, and
Cromac Building, Belfast, Ireland. Ginger Ale
(Aromatic) and Aërated Beverages (suited to
all climates) such as Lemonade, Sarsaparilla,
Dandelion, Quinine, Lime Juice, and Lime
Juice Syrup; also, Mineral Waters, Seltzer,
(910)
Potash (Kali), Soda, Lithia, &c. &c. (9
Exhibitors, Dublin, 1872 (Medal); Vienna,
1873 (Diploma of Merit); Paris Maritime
Exhibition, 1875 (Gold Medal).
Cl. 656,
660, 200,
203.
Cl. 656.
657.
Cl. 656,
200, 203.
Cl. 656,
659, 200.

Cl. 656,
660, 203.
*
246
Cl. 656,
660, 203.
Cl. 656,
660, 203.
Cl. 656,
660.
Cl. 656,
660, 203.
Cl. 656,
203, 660.
Cl. 656,
660, 203,
200.
Cl. 656,
203.
Cl. 656.
Cl. 656.
Cl. 657.
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.— BRITISH SECTION.
Corry, William, & Co., Aerated Water
Manufacturers, Cromae Springs, Cromac
Street, Belfast, Ireland. Samples of Pure
Aërated Waters, all prepared by them from the
limpid waters of their celebrated Cromac
Springs at Belfast. The samples of Aerated
Waters comprise Ginger Ale, Lemonade,
Aërated Quinine, Aromatic Tonic, Soda
Water, Potass or Kali Water, Sarsaparilla,
Summer and Winter Beverages, Cromac
Seltzer Water, Fruit Nectar, Lithia, Carrara,
and Carbonated Cromac Waters. They also
exhibit samples of the Patent non-Metallic
Valves, Plungers, Connexions, Taps, and
Cylinder Lining, as employed in their appa-
(911)
ratus.
Exhibitors, Workman's Exhibition, 1870
(Certificate of Merit); London, 1873 (Medal);
Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Gold
Medal).
Codd, Hiram, Patentee and Mineral
Water Manufacturer, 50, Grove Lane, Cam-
berwell, London, S.E.
(912)
Grant, Thomas, The Distillery, Maid-
stone. Grant's Morella Cherry Brandy. (913)
Exhibitor, London, 1873 (Gold Medal).
Inman
Brothers, Manufacturers of
Aërated Waters, Aspley Place, Huddersfield,
Yorkshire. Aërated waters.
(914)
Bewley and Draper, 23, Mary Street,
Dublin. Aërated Waters as Beverages, and
in imitation of Natural Mineral Waters ;
Soda, Seltzer, Kali, and Lithia Waters ;
Lemonade, Ginger Beer, and Ginger Ale. (915)
Exhibitors, Dublin, 1865, 1872 (Prize
Medals); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma of Merit).
Maw, Thomas, Pickle and Sauce Manu-
facturer, and Confectioner, Windsor Place,
Burmantofts, Leeds. Pickles, Sauces, Lozenges,
Syrups, Vinegars, &c. Baking Powder. (916)
(917)
Lea & Perrins, Sauce Manufacturers,
Worcester. Worcestershire Sauce.
Exhibitors, New York, 1858 (Medal).
Mackay, John. See Cl. 202, 203.
Cliff, J., 5, Dungeon Street, Halifax, York-
shire. Sauces.
(918)
Hunter, John, and Son, Manufacturers
of Oatmeal and Pot Barley, Woodhall Mills,
Juniper Green, near Edinburgh. Round,
Medium, and Fine Oatmeal; Pot Barley,
Nos. 1, 2, 3.
(919)
McCann, John, Miller and Corn Mer-
chant, Beamond Mills, Drogheda; Office,
58, Middle Abbey Street, Dublin. XX Oat-
meal, Fine Oatmeal, and Groats. (920)
Exhibitor, London, 1851.
Plunkett, John, & Co., Maltsters and
Patent Malt Manufacturers, Portland Works,
Portland Street West, Dublin. Pale Malt for
Brewing and Distilling, and Patent Roasted
Malt for colouring and flavouring Porter and
Ale.
(921)
Exhibitors, Dublin, 1872 (Medal for Ex-
cellence); Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Progress);
London, 1873 (Medal).
Powell, Thomas, Self-raising Flour
Manufacturer, 81, High Street, St. Maryle-
bone, London, N.W. Self-raising flour, recom-
mended for purity, excellence, and economy
in making bread without yeast, and cakes and
pastry with less butter and eggs; baking
powder.
(922)
Exhibitor, London, 1873 (Medal); Paris,
1875 (Medal).
Stevens, Thomas, Cook and Confectioner,
46, Hope Street, Wrexham, N. Wales. Orna-
mental Confectionery. Birthday and Christening
Cakes, Meringues, Medallions, Ornamental
Sugar Stand. Rich Cake,
(923)
Burke, Edward and John, Wine, Spirit,
and Foreign Export Merchants, Dublin,
Liverpool, and 40, Beaver Street New York.
English Ales, Dublin Stout, Irish and Scotch
Whiskies.
(924)
Johnston Still Company (Limited),
Manufacturers of Distilling Apparatus, Rye
Vale Distillery, Leixlip, near Dublin. Samples
of Irish and Scotch whiskies, made by the
Improved "Johnston Still," by which the
acetic and other ethers, and fusil oils are
separated from whiskies and other spirits,
rendering them fit for consumption as soon as
distilled, and thus obviating the necessity of
storage. Model and drawings of the Improved
"Johnston Still."
(925)
Ind, Coope, & Co., Brewers, Burton-on-
Trent, Staffordshire. Ale in casks and
bottles.
(926)
Bindley & Co., Brewers, Burton-on-
Trent. Burton Ales; Export Pale, Strong,
and Mild Ales in wood and bottle.
(927)
Cl. 657.
Cl. 657,
660.
Cl. 657,
200.
Cl. 659,
661.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660,
673.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660.
DEPARTMENT VI-CLASSES 665-669.
247
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660.
Wright, Herbert, & Co.,
Co., Diamond
Diamond
Brewery, Dover. Export Pale Ale in bulk
and bottled. Pale Ale bottled for export to
hot climates. Bottled Stout.
(928)
Johnson & Co., Export Brewers, Canter-
bury. Pale Ale in bottle, for export, specially
adapted to hot climates (Brewed and Fer-
mented by Special Processes, preserving its
brilliancy and condition, unaltered by time or
temperature).
(929)
Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Gold
Medal).
Mott & Co., Wine Merchants and Cowslip
Wine Makers, 18, Galltree Gate, Leicester.
Leicestershire Cowslip Wine in bottles. (930)
Exhibitors, London, 1873 (Medal).
Pendock Brothers, Cider Growers and
Cider and Perry Merchants, Queen Street
Wharf, Bristol. Devonshire Cider and Here-
fordshire Perry; prepared especially for
export.
(931)
Exhibitors, London, 1873 (Medal).
Muir, Jas., & Son, Calton Hill Brewery,
Edinburgh. I. Strong Scotch Ale (brewed
specially for the United States Market).
II. Pale India Ale. Both qualities in bot
tle.
(932)
Richardson, Earp, & Slater,
and Northgate Brewery, Newark-upon-Trent.
Ale in Cask.
Trent
Cl. 660.
(933)
Cl. 660.
Parkinson, Bros. See Cl. 200.
Wyndham, F., & Co. See Cl. 200.
Bernard & Co., The Distillery, Leith,
Scotland. Quart Bottle of Whiskey before
Fusel Oil is extracted; Quart Bottle of
Whiskey after Fusel Oil is extracted; Quart
Bottle of Fusel Oil.
Cork Distilleries
Whiskey.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660.
(934)
Co., Cork, Irish
(935)
Cl. 660.
Cl. 661,
200.
Gissing, Anthony S., & Sons, Biscuit
Bakers and Baking Powder Manufacturers,
Castle Street, Eye, Suffolk. "East Anglian,"
Hand-made," "Ne Plus Ultra "
Biscuits; Baking Powder.
Exhibitors, London, 1873 (Medal).
Fancy
(936)
A
TEXTILE SUBSTANCES OF VEGETABLE OR ANIMAL ORIGIN.
CLASS 665.-Cotton on the stem, in the boll, ginned, and baled.
mandu szins tojásma man big skatt
CLASS 666.-Hemp, flax, jute, ramie, etc., in primitive forms, and in all stages of preparation
for spinning.
CLASS 667.-Wool in the fleece, carded and in bales.
CLASS 668.-Silk in the cocoon and reeled.
CLASS 669.-Hairs, bristles.
Cl. 665,
666, 667,
668, 669.
Dickson, James Hill, and Nephews
Mechanical Engineers, Patentees, and Pro-
prietors of the Rheea Fibre Works, Godal-
ming, Surrey. Rheea in the rod and in
every stage up to final finish. Yarn and
woven cloth made from the Indian Rheea
fibre alone, and also Yarn and Cloth mixed
with Silk, Worsted, Alpaca, Mohair, and
Cotton; also Damask Table Cloth made from
Rheea Fibre; Rope and Canvas Plantain, Pine
Apple, and Aloe fibres, spun and woven ;
Irish and English Flax in all stages; Work by
J. Hill Dickson on the improved method of
cultivating flax and hemp, and the science and
art of spinning and weaving, illustrated with
specimens.
(950)
Exhibitors, Leeds, 1858.
Ashworth, Edmund, & Sons. See
CI. 230.
Cl. 665.
The Mill Hill Wool and Rag Extract-
ing Company (Limited), Extractors of
Wool and Rags, Mill Hill Works, Hudders⚫
field. Wools for manufacturing purposes
made from old rags and other descriptions of
refuse, by a new patent process, whereby the
wool is prepared for manufacture without in-
jury to the fibre and without the slightest
Cl. 667.
248
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--BRITISH SECTION.
Cl. 667.
damaging effect upon the dyeing or milling
properties.
(951)
Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875 (Silver
Medal).
Smith, David, & Co. (Limited), Wool
Extractors and Merchants, Kensington Works,
Halifax, Yorkshire. Variety of Wools cleaned;
also variety of Wools extracted from Waste
products, as burrs, &c., by Chemical pro-
cess.
(952)
Exhibitors, Exposicion Nacional Argentina
held at Cordova 1871 (Bronze Medal, First
Prize); Paris Maritime Exhibition, 1875
(Silver Medal).
Bowes, John L., & Bro., Wool Brokers,
11, Dale Street, Liverpool, & 20, Basinghall
Street, London, E.C. Raw materials used in
the woollen and worsted trade.
(953)
Exhibitors, Vienna, 1873.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 670,
673, 674,
683, 560.
Cl. 670,
672.
MACHINES, IMPLEMENTS, AND PROCESSES OF MANUFACTURE.
CLASS 670.-Tillage.-Manual implements, spades, hoes, rakes. Animal power machinery,
ploughs, cultivators, horse-hoes, clod crushers, rollers, harrows. Steam power machinery,
ploughs, breakers, harrows, cultivators.
CLASS 671.-Planting.-Manual implements, corn planters, and hand-drills. Animal power
machinery, grain and manure drills, corn and cotton planters. Steam power machinery,
grain, and manure drills.
CLASS 672.-Harvesting.-Manual implements; grain cradles, sickles, reaping hooks. Animal
power machinery, reapers and headers. Mowers, tedders, rakes, hay elevators, and hay
loaders.
Potato diggers.
CLASS 673.-Preparatory to marketing.-Thrashers, clover-hullers, corn-shellers, winnowers,
hay, cotton, wine, oil and sugar making apparatus.
CLASS 674.-Applicable to farm economy.-Portable an stationary engines, chaffers, hay and
feed-cutters, slicers, pulpers, corn mills, farm boilers and steamers, incubators.
CLASS 675.-Dairy fittings and appliances.-Churns for hand and power, butter-workers, cans
and pails, cheese-presses, vats, and apparatus.
Fison, J. P., Agricultural Engineer,
Teversham Works, Cambridge. Agricultural
machinery: Improved Combined Vertical
Steam Engine and Boiler, 2-Horse Power;
Improved Chaff-Cutter; 4-Inch Centrifugal
Pump; Steam Thrashing Machine fitted with
Patent Combined Guard and Feeder-this
apparatus obtained the first Special Prize of
the Royal Agricultural Society of England
at Taunton 1875; General Purpose Chain
Harrow. Models: Portable Steam Engine;
Moveable Hut-one full size obtained the
First Prize of the Royal Agricultural Society
at Bedford 1874; Centrifugal Pump; Double
Furrow Plough-the full sized implement
gained the First Prize at Newmarket 1873;
Improved Single Furrow Plough. (960)
Fussell, James, Sons, & Co., Edge Tool
Manufacturers, Mell's Iron Works, near
Frome, Somersetshire. Edge Tools used in
Agriculture.
(961)
(C
Wills, Arthur Winkler (late Walter
Allcock), Edge Tool Manufacturer, Park Mills,
Nechells, Birmingham. Hoes, Axes, and other
implements comprised under the general term of
Edge Tools." "Trade Mark, a Hand." (962)
Exhibitor, Vienna, 1873 (Medal for Merit).
Wilkinson, William, and Sons, Spring
Works, Grimesthorpe, Sheffield. Sheep and
Garden Shears.
(963)
Exhibitors, London, 1851, 1862 (the only
Prize Medals for Sheep Shears).
Sainty, John, & Barnard, Agricultural
and Horticultural Engineers, Alpha Machine
Works, Wisbeach, Cambridgeshire. Apparatus
for preventing the loss of life by water under
any circumstances, by night or day. Self-
feeding, sacking, drying, and dressing machine
from the heap, to enable two men to do
100 bushels per hour; Machine for separating
grain from seeds of any kind, also wheat from
Cl. 670,
280.
Cl. 670,
672, 720.
Cl. 673,
674, 594.

DEPARTMENT VI.--CLASSES 680–683.
249
Cl. 673,
322.
barley or oats, self-feeding,-one man can
separate 50 bushels per hour.
(964)
Corcoran, Witt, & Co., Mill Furnishers,
674, 228, Millwrights, and Wire Weavers, 26, 27, 28,
Market Buildings, 28, Mark Lane, London,
E.C., and Epernon, Eure et Loire, France.
Samples of French Burr and Derbyshire Peak
stones for shelling rice. French Burr millstones,
for grinding wheat, corn, &c.; mill bills and
handles for dressing and furrowing millstones;
woven iron wire for rice cleaning, mining pur-
poses, sieves, &c.; woven wires for paper-
making, woven wire for malt kiln floors,
and for corn drying; stones for shelling and
whitening rice. Chrondometer, or corn weigh-
ing apparatus, to enable anyone to tell the
exact weight of a bushel of corn or seeds of
any kind, from a sample of a quarter of a
pint to one pint, made with scales for all
nations.
(965)
Exhibitors, London, 1851 (Medal and Hon.
Mention); Paris, 1855 (Prize Medal and two
Hon. Mentions); Leicester, 1868 (Prize
Medal); Moscow, 1872 (Grand Gold Medal).
Lloyd, T., & Sons, Steel Mill Makers.
327, Old Street, Shoreditch, London, E. Flour
mills and dressing machines to grind and dress
wheat into flour at one operation by hand,
Indian corn or maize, and universal grinding
mill. Coffee Mills.
(966)
Société d'Agriculture Boulogne-sur-Mer,
1856, 1857; Amsterdam, 1857; Vienna,
1857. (Silver Medals.)
Clarke & Dunham, Millstone and Flour
Mill Machinery Factors, 69, Mark Lane, Lon-
don, E.C. Millstones, chrondometers for
measuring and weighing grain, and lubrica-
tors.
(967)
Kay & Hilton, Millstone and Grindstone
Manufactures, Liverpool, England One pair
French burr Millstones, finest quality, for
Wheat grinding. Grindstones, &c.
(968)
Davey, Paxman, & Co. See Cl. 550,
552.
Cl. 673,
674.
Cl. 674,
322, 573.
Cl. 674.
Cl. 672.
Ransomes, Sims, & Head. See Cl.
550, 552.
Cl. 674.
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND ADMINISTRATION.
...:
CLASS 680.-Laying out and improving farms.-Clearing, (stump extractors,) construction
of roads, draining, irrigating, models of fences, gates, drains, outfalls, dams, embankments,
irrigating machinery, stack building, and thatching.
CLASS 681.-Commercial fertilizers,-phosphatic, ammoniacal, calcareous, etc.
CLASS 682.-Transportation.-Waggons, carts, sleds, harness, yokes, traction engines, and
apparatus for road making and excavating.
CLASS 683.-Farm buildings.-Models and drawings of farmhouses and tenements, barns,
stables, hop-houses, fruit-driers, ice-houses, windmills, granaries, barracks, apiaries,
cocooneries, aviaries, abattoirs, and dairies.
Cl. 681.
Cl. 682.
Universal Charcoal and Sewage
Company (Limited), 5, High Street, Man-
chester. Charcoals of various sorts, and char-
coal manure, Illustrating the utilisation of
town's Refuse.
(980)
Smith, William, & Sons, Patent Road
Scraper and Brushing Machine Manufacturers,
Agricultural Implement Makers, and Iron
Founders, Barnard Castle, County Durham.
Patent Street Sweeper and Road Scraper. (981)
Aveling & Porter, Engineers, Rochester,
Kent, and 72, Cannon Street, London, E.C.;
9, Avenue Montaigne, Paris; Agent in New
York, W. C. Oastler, 43, Exchange Place.
Agricultural Locomotive Engine, for general
farm work, Locomotive Crane Engine for
ordinary roads, Steam Road Roller, Waggons
for Road Locomotive Engines.
(982)
Exhibitors, Mecklenberg - Schwerin, 1861
(Gold Medal); London, 1862 (Bronze Medal);
Hamburg, 1863 (Silver Medal); Odense, 1863
Cl. 682
670.
250
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
(Silver Medal); Königsberg, 1863 (Silver
Medal); Paris, 1867 (Silver Medal); Brus-
sels, 1868 (Gold Medal); Amiens, 1868
(Gold Medal); Compiegne, 1868 (Gold
Medal); Moulins, 1869 (Gold Medal)
Beauvais, 1869 (Two Gold Medals); Royal
Agricultural Society of England, 1869 (Silver
Medal); Lille, 1870 (Three Gold Medals,
and large Special Gold Medal, Bronze Medal,
and 500 francs); Royal Agricultural Society
of England, 1871 (Silver Medal); Albany,
United States, 1871 (Bronze Medal); New
Jersey, 1871 (Gold Medal); Royal Agricultural
Society of England, 1872 (50l. and 207.);
Lyons, 1872 (Diploma of Honour and Gold
Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Order of Franz
Joseph and Medal for Progress); Lille, 1874
(Gold Medal); Nesle, 1874 (Gold Medal);
Nantes, 1874 (Gold Medal); Soissons, 1874
(Gold Medal, large special); Brussels, 1874
(Gold Medal and Two Silver Medals); Ayr,
1874 (Bronze Medal); Royal Agricultural
Society of England, 1874 (107.),
Munroe, William, Architect, Inverness,
Models and drawings of Farm Steadings and
Cottages. Models of ancient Highland Cart,
and of an ancient Shetland Plough. (983)
Exhibitor, London, 1851, 1862; Paris,
1867.
Lovey, Edward, Artist, Ponsnooth,
Perran-ar worthal, Cornwall. Beehives (with
samples of honey and wax).
(984)
Exhibitor, London, 1862 (Hon. Mention);
Paris, 1867 (Medal); Vienna, 1873 (Diploma
of Merit).
Neighbour, G., & Sons, Apiarians, 149,
Regent Street, London, W., and 127, High
Holborn, London, W.C. Beehives and bee
furniture.
(985)
Brown, J. B., & Co. See Cl. 228.
Cl. 670,
682.
Cl. 683,
654.
Cl. 683.
Cl. 683.
TILLAGE AND GENERAL MANAGEMENT.
CLASS 690.--Systems of planting and cultivation.
CLASS 691.-Systems of draining and application of manures.
CLASS 692.-Systems of breeding and stock feeding.
*
DEPARTMENT VII.--CLASSES 710-716.
251
DEPARTMENT VII.-HORTICULTURE.
Location:-HORTICULTURAL BUILDING.
ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS, AND FLOWERS.
CLASS 700.-Ornamental trees and shrubs, evergreens.
CLASS 701.-Herbaceous perennial plants.
CLASS 702.-Bulbous and tuberous-rooted plants.
CLASS 703.--Decorative and ornamental foliage plants.
CLASS 704.-Annuals and other soft-wooded plants, to be exhibited in successive periods
during the season.
CLASS 705.-Roses.
CLASS 706.-Cactacea.
CLASS 707.-Ferns, their management in the open air, and in ferneries, Wardian cases, etc.
CLASS 708.-New plants with statement of their origin.
CLASS 709.-Floral designs, etc. Cut flowers, bouquets, preserved flowers, leaves, seaweeds.
Illustrations of plants and flowers. Materials for floral designs. Bouquet materials,
bouquet holders, bouquet papers, models of fruits, vegetables, and flowers.
Like a bed ......
HOTHOUSES, CONSERVATORIES, GRAPERIES, AND THEIR MANAGEMENT.
CLASS 710.-Hothouse and conservatory plants.
CLASS 711.-Fruit trees under glass.
CLASS 712.-Orchids and parasitic plants.
CLASS 713.-Forcing and propagation of plants.
kie
Cl. 708,
700.
Cl. 700.
CLASS 714.-Aquatic plants under glass, or in aquaria, etc.
CLASS 715.-Horticultural buildings, propagation houses hot-beds, etc., and modes of heating
them. Structures for propagating and forcing small fruits.
CLASS 716.-Portable or moveable orchard houses and graperies, without artificial heat.
Frames, beds.
Veitch, James, & Sons, Royal Exotic
Nursery, King's Road, Chelsea, London, S.W.
and Coombe Wood, Kingston Hill, Surrey.
Collection of choice Coniferæ, including
Taxads, Rhododendrons, Hollies. A small
collection of New and Rare Hardy Evergreen
Shrubs.
(990)
Waterer, Anthony, Knap Hill Nursery,
Woking, Surrey. Exhibition of Rhododen-
drons and Azaleas in the Special Tent. (991)
Williams, Benjamin Samuel, Victoria
and Paradise Nurseries, Upper Holloway,
London, N. Set of Books. Miscellaneous
collection of new and rare plants.
(992)
Exhibitor, London, 1866; Ghent, 1873;
Manchester, 1874 ; Antwerp, 1875; Edinburgh,
1875; Cologne, 1875 (Awarded the Prize
of Honour given by their Imperial Highnesses
the Crown Prince and Princess of Prussia).
Cl. 708,
306.

252
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
GARDEN TOOLS, ACCESSORIES OF GARDENING.
CLASS 720.-Tools and implements. Machines for the transplanting of trees, shrubs, etc.
Portable forcing pumps, for watering plants in green houses, and methods of watering the
garden and lawn.
CLASS 721.-Receptacles for plants.-Flower pots, plant boxes, tubs, fern cases, jardinieres, etc.
Window gardening. Plant and flower stands, ornate designs, in iron, wood, and wire.
CLASS 722.-Ornamental wire work; viz., fences, gates, trellis bordering of flower beds, porches.
Park seats, chairs, garden statuary, vases, fountains, etc. Designations, labels, numbers.
Cl. 720.
Cl. 722.
Wilkinson, William, & Sons.
Barnard, Bishop, & Barnard.
See Cl. 670, 672.
See Cl. 217, 222, 225, 228, 443, 720.
www.www.mgmume
GARDEN DESIGNING, CONSTRUCTION, AND MANAGEMENT.
CLASS 730.-Laying out gardens,-designs for the laying out of gardens, and the improvement
of private residences. Designs for commercial gardens, nurseries, graperies. Designs for
the parterre.
CLASS 731.-Treatment of water for ornamental purposes, cascades, fountains, reservoirs, lakes.
CLASS 732.-Formation and after treatment of lawns.
CLASS 733.-Garden construction, buildings, etc.-Rock work, grottoes. Rustic constructions
and adornments for private gardens and public grounds.
CLASS 734.-Planting, fertilising, and cultivating.
SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
253
SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS BY BRITISH EXHIBITORS TO THE
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1876, TOGETHER
WITH THE NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF THE MANUFACTURERS
AND PRODUCERS.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
AËRATED WATERS AND AËR-
ATED WATER MACHINERY.
*
BEWLEY & DRAPER
CANTRELL & COCHRANE
CORRY & Co.
INMAN BROS.
NICOLL, D.
23, Mary Street
Cromac-buildings
Address of Exhibitor.
Cromac Springs, Cromac-street
Aspley-place
15, Clement's Inn
21, Duke-street
- Dublin.
- Belfast and Dublin.
Belfast.
Huddersfield.
- London.
Edinburgh.
SMITH, T. AND H., & Co.
AGRICULTURAL
IMPLE-
MENTS, APPLIANCES, AND
TOOLS (Miscellaneous).
CLARKE & DUNHAM
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
DUNSTON ENGINE WORks Co.
FISON, J. P.
FUSSELL, J., SONS, & Co.
SMITH, W., & SONS
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE.
HUNTER, J., & SONS
MCCANN, J.
USHER R.
AIR BLOWING MACHINERY,
69, Mark-lane
28, Market-buildings, Mark-lane
Feversham Works
Barnard Castle
Wood Hall Mills, Juniper-green
Beamond Mills
ELLIS, W. I.
66, Murray-street
AIR COMPRESSORS.
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
HURD, F., & Co.
43, Borough-road
Wood Street
London.
- London.
· Colchester, Essex.
Gateshead-on-Tyne.
- Cambridge.
- Frome, Somerset.
Durham.
near Edinburgh.
- Drogheda, Ireland.
Bodicote,
near Banbury,
Oxfordshire.
Higher Broughton, Man-
chester.
Southwark, London.
Wakefield.
AIR PUMPS.
WIER, M. A.
ALE, PORTER, STOUT, AND
BEER OF ALL KINDS.
3/
BINDLEY & Co.
IND, COOPE, & Co.
JOHNSON & Co.
WRIGHT, H., & Co.
ALUM.
SPENCE, P. -
33, Abchurch-lane
London.
The Brewery
Maxton Brewery
Pendleton Works, Oldham-road
Burton-on-Trent,
Burton-on-Trent.
- Canterbury.
near Dover, Kent.
Manchester.
30%
254
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION-BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
AMMUNITION.
Copeland, G. A. -
ELEY BROS., LIMITED
PIGOU, WILKS, & LAURENCE,
LIMITED
ANCHORS.
MARTIN, C.-
ARCHITECTURAL PLANS, DE-
SIGNS, AND DRAWINGS.
COCHRANE, R., C.E.
FOGERTY, W., F.R.S.
FRANCIS & Co.
GREENWAY, H.
HALL, H. E.
MUNROE, W.
NICHOLL, S. J.
ARMOUR
PLATES,
SCREWS.
BOLTS,
Camborne, Cornwall.
254, Gray's Inn-road
- London.
11, Queen Victoria-street
- London.
73 and 74, King William-street
London.
23, Harcourt-street
Bridge Foot, Vauxhall
Ham-street
44, Kingsland Park
High-steet, Wick
1, Caversham-road, Kentish Town
Athlone, Ireland.
Dublin.
London.
- Plymouth.
Dublin.
- Caithness, Scotland.
London.
網
​BROWN, JOHN, & Co., LIMITED
CAMMELL, C., & Co., LIMITED
LIMBS
Atlas Works
- Sheffield.
Cyclops Works
- Sheffield.
AND
TEETH, DENTAL INSTRU-
ARTIFICIAL
MENTS, &c.
PATRICK, H. W., & SON
ARTILLERY.
HEWITT, W.
ARTISTS' COLOURS AND MA-
TERIALS.
CULMER, W., & SON
22, St. Luke's Street, Stockbrook-
street
Prospect Villa, Sydenham Hill
Derby.
- Bristol.
ROWNEY, G., & Co.
STORER, D., & SONS
CRUCIBLE
Hornsey-road
52, Rathbone-place
Sydney-street
78, Hatton-garden
London.
- London.
- Glasgow,
London.
London,
Battersea Works
INSTRU-
ASSAY APPARATUS.
JOHNSON, MATTHEY, & Co.
PATENT PLUMBAGO
COMPANY
ASTRONOMICAL
MENTS.
ADAMS, W. M.
DALLMEYER, J. H.
BAROMETERS,
Arundel Club, Salisbury-street, Strand London.
19, Bloomsbury-street
. London.
THERMOME.
TERS, &c. h
BECK, R. & J.
31, Cornhill -
· London.
HICKS, J. J.
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA
8, Hatton-garden
Holborn Viaduct
- London.
- London.
SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
255
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
BARRACK
FURNITURE.
TURNER, G., & Co.
94, Gracechurch-street
A
WETHERED, E. R., MAJOR, R.A.
BATHS.
THORNTON, E.
BEEHIVES.
12, Richmond-road -
LOVEY, E.
NEIGHBOUR, G., & SONS
BISCUITS.
GISSING, A. S., & SONS
BLOCES FOR WOOD ENGRAV-
ING.
SCOTT, R. J.
BOATS, AND BOAT LOWERING
APPARATUS.
BRADFORD, W. H.
HILL & CLARK
149, Regent-street
Castle-street
- London.
Woolwich, Kent.
Bradford.
Ponsnooth, Perran-ar-wor-
thal, Cornwall.
London.
- Eye, Suffolk.
8, Whitefriars-street, Fleet-street
熔​腕
​· London.
LOGAN, J. M.
ROBY, G.
ej
BOILERS,
BOILER PLATES,
TUBES, FEED PUMPS, &c.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
GALLOWAY, W. & J., & SONS
GRAHAM & Co.
WRIGHT, W.
BOLTS AND NUTS.
6, Westminster-chambers, Victoria-
street
Chesterton-road
31, King-street
Knott Mill Ironworks
Véress
Great Saughall, near Chester.
London.
- Cambridge.
Wigan.
Colchester, Essex.
Manchester.
Premier Boiler Works, Premier road Halifax.
Vulcan Foundry
25, Falmouth-road,Great Dover-street London.
ADAMS, R.
PATENT NUT AND BOLT CO.,
LIMITED
London Works
Coatbridge, Scotland.
near Birmingham.
BOLT FORGING MACHINE.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
Albion Works
BOOKS, BOOK
BINDING, AL-
BUMS, &C.
Augener, G., & Co.
86, Newgate-street
Leeds.

BIRDSALL & Co.
CASSELL, PETTER, & GALPIN
DICKSON, J. H., & NEPHEW
DICKINSON & HIGHAM
HOLDSWORTH, E. W. H.
JOHNSON, E.
La Belle Sauvage Yard, Ludgate-hill
Rheea Rod Fibre Works
London.
Northampton.
London.
Godalming, Surrey.
73, Farringdon-street
London,
12, Clifton-road, St. John's Wood
London.
3, Castle-street, Holborn
London.
256
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
BOOKS,
BOOK BINDING, AL-
BUMS, &c.—cont.
LOCKWOOD & Co.
LOTH, J. T., DR.
PAUL, W.
#
POTTS, R.
PRENDERGAST, T.
SMITH, D.
SUNDAY SCHOOL UNION
WARD, M., & Co.
WARNER, R.
WILLIAMS, B. S.
BOOTS, SHOES, ELASTIC WEBS
FOR DO., SPURS, &c.
BAXTER, R.
HALE, J., & Co.
HODGES, T. W., & SONS
Lobb, J.
MATTHEWS, JAMES
ROE, W. A.
SIMON, MAY, & Co.
s
7, Stationers' Hall-court, Ludgate-hill London.
18, Gilmore-place
Trinity College
Meldon Lodge
Liddal
56, Old Bailey
67 and 68, Chandos-street, Strand
8, Crescent, Cripplegate
Victoria and Paradise Nurseries,
Upper Holloway
St. James' Green
Edinburgh.
- Waltham Cross, Hertford-
shire.
- Cambridge.
- Cheltenham.
- Halifax.
London.
- London.
London.
London.
Hatherton Works
296, Regent-street
43, Gibson-street, Waterloo-road
81, Humberstone-gate
Week-day Cross
www
**
Thirsk, Yorkshire.
Walsall.
- Leicester.
- London.
London.
Leicester.
- Nottingham.
Barnard Castle, Durham.
ULLATHORNE & Co.
BORING AND BLASTING
TOOLS, AND ACCESSORIES.
BICKFORD, SMITH, & Co.
COPELAND, G. A.
PIGOU, WILKS, & LAURENCE
BOTTLES.
AIRE & CALDER GLASS BOTTLE
Co. (E. BREFFIT, Proprietor)
CODD, H.
KILNER BROTHERS
BRASS CASTINGS, SHEETS,
TUBES, WIRE, NAILS, SPIKES.
BAKER, C., & SONS
Cox & SONS
KEITH & Co.
MATTHEWS, E.
Tucking Mill
11, Queen Victoria-street
83, Upper Thames-street
Cornwall.
- Camborne, Cornwall.
- London.
- London.
London.
· London.
14, Dunster House, Mark-lane
Great Northern Goods Station, King's
Cross
98, Lichfield-street
Birmingham.
28, 29, 31, Southampton-street, Strand London.
6, Denmark-street, Soho
377, Oxford-street
London.
- London.
- Frome, Somerset.
SINGER, J. W., & SON
BRICKS, BRICKMAKING, TILES,
COPINGS, &c.
BROOKE, E., & SONS
BROWNHILLS POTTERY Co.
Field House
Huddersfield.
Tunstall, Staffordshire.

1000 SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
257
Object, and Name of Exhibitor..
BRICKS, BRICKMAKING,TILES,
COPINGS, &c.—cont.
CAMPBELL BRICK AND TILE COM-
PANY
CLIFF, J.
COLTHURST, SYMONDS, & Co.
EASTWOOD & Co., LIMITED
HAMBLET, J.
HARPER & MOORES
HOLLAND, W. T.
JOHNSON & Co.
KING BROTHERS
PEAKE, T.
REYNOLDS, J. G.
STANLEY BROTHERS
STIFF, J., & SONS
WOOD & IVERY
BRONZE GOODS.
PHOSPHOR
LIMITED
BRUSHES,
Address of Exhibitor.
Wellington Wharf, Belvedere-road,
Lambeth
Piercy Works
Ditchling Potteries
The Tileries
9, Old Ford-road
Midland Tile Works
High-street, Lambeth
Albion Brick Works
Stoke-on-Trent.
- Runcorn, near Liverpool.
Bridgwater, Somerset.
London.
West Bromwich, Stafford-
shire.
- Stourbridge.
Llanelly, South Wales.
Sussex.
- Stourbridge.
- Tunstall, Staffordshire.
London.
Nuneaton, Warwickshire.
London.
West Bromwich, Stafford-
shire..
London.
BRONZE
COMPANY,
139, Cannon-street

COMBS,
AND
SPONGES.
ELRICK, C. G.
8, Aldermanbury Postern
London.
KENT, G. B., & Co.
Low, Son, & HAYDON
CANDLES, MATCHES, &c.
BRYANT & MAY
FIELD, J. C., & J. .
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE Co.
11, Great Marlborough-street
London.
148 and 330, Strand
London.
Fairfield Works, Bow
Lambeth Marsh
Belmont Works, Battersea
London.
- London.
- London.
CANDELABRA
DELIERS.
AND
CHAN-
GREEN, J., & NEPHEW
CARPETS, RUGS, AND CARPET
DESIGNS.
CROSSLEY, J., & SONS, LIMITED
GREGORY & Co.
HENDERSON & Co. -
LAPWORTH BROTHERS
LEWIS, JOHN
ROBINSON, V., & Co.
SHOOLBRED, J., & Co.
TEMPLETON, J., & Co.
TEMPLETON, J., & J. S.
TOMKINSON & ADAM
107, Queen Victoria-street
- London.
Deanclough Mills
212, 214, Regent Street
22, Old Bond-street
India-buildings
Halifax.
- London.
- Durham.
- London.
- Halifax, and 78, Watling-
street, London.
38, Welbeck-street, Cavendish-square London.
Tottenham Court-road
William-street
Crownpoint-road
London.
Glasgow.
Glasgow.
Kidderminster.
R
36714.

258
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
CARRIAGES, PARTS' OF CAR-
RIAGES, AND FITTINGS OF
CARRIAGES, CARTS, &c.
HOOPER & Co.
MCNAUGHT & SMITH
MULLINER, H., & Co.
PETERS, T., & SONS
ROBERTS, J.
ROBERTS, J., & SONS
THORN, C.
WINDOVER, C. S.
CEMENTS, CHALK, LIME, &c.
Tak
BUSSE, G., & Co.
EASTWOOD & Co., LIMITED
FRANCIS & Co.
GRAY'S CHALK QUARRIES Co.,
LIMITED
HOLLAND, W. T.
HOLLICK & Co.
LAVERS, A. H.
PATENT SELENITIC CEMENT Co.,
LIMITED
WOULDHAM CEMENT Co.
CHEESE.
113, Victoria-street, Westminster
London.
Worcester.
- Leamington Spa, Warwick-
shire.
53, Park-street, Grosvenor-square - London.
10, Cavendish-street, Stretford-road Manchester.
West of England Carriage Works
St. Gile's-gate
32, 33, Long Acre
8, South-street, Finsbury
Wellington Wharf, Belvedere-road,
Lambeth
Bridge Foot, Vauxhall
90, Lower Thames-street
Nine Elms
Bridgewater.
- Norwich.
- London.
London.
- London.
- London.
- London.esig
- Llanelly, South Wales.
- Greenwich, London.
London.
London.
211, Millbank-street, Westminster
10a, King's Arms-yard,Moorgate-st.- London.
EVANS & STAFFORD
CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEU-
TICAL PRODUCTS.
ALLEN & HANBURYS
Campbell-street
Leicester.
Plough-court, Lombard-street
- London.
BRUNNER, MOND, & Co.
CALVERT, F. C., & Co.
CHAMBERS, T. F.elmil
CHANCE, BROTHERS, & Co.
DESOTO ALKALI COMPANY, LIMITED
EVANS, LESCHER, & EVANS
GASKELL, DEACON, & Co.
GERRARD, A. W. -d
GREENBANK ALKALI COMPANY,
LIMITED
HUTCHINSON, J., & Co.
JENNINGS, T.
JOHNSON BROS.
KINMOND & Co.
LIVER ALKALI WORKS COMPANY
MORSON, T., & SON
51, High Street
Alkali Works
60, Bartholomew Close
153, Liverpool-road -
B
Brookfield Works
High Street
Kenilworth-street
Lightbody Street
Winnington,
Cheshire.
Northwich,
- Bradford, near Manchester.
Hull.
near Birmingham.
31, 33, & 124, Southampton-row,
Russell-square
- Widnes, Lancashire.
London.
Widnes, Lancashire.
London.
St. Helen's, Lancashire.
Widnes, Lancashire.
- Cork, Ireland.
Hull.
- Leamington, Warwickshire.
- Liverpool. 0
London.
찾는
​:.




SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
259
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEU-
TICAL PRODUCTS-cont.
MUSPRATT, J., & SONS
MUSPRATT, BROS., & HUNTLEY
NEWCASTLE CHEMICAL WORKS Co.,
LIMITED -
5, Chapel-street.
5, Chapel-street
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE COMPANY Belmont Works, Battersea
RAWLINS & SON
Brook Works, Rainhill
RICHARDS,
KEARNB, & GAS-
QUOINE
RUNCORN SOAP AND ALKALI Co.,
LIMITED
SMITH, T. & H., & Co.
WELDON, W.
WHITE, J. & J.
WYNDHAM, F., & Co.
YOUNG, J.
CHINA, EARTHENWARE, AND
OTHER POTTERY.
BAILEY, W. & J. A.
6, Water-street
21, Duke-street
Abbey Lodge
80, Wilson-street
37, Eastcheap
- Liverpool.
- Liverpool.
Newcastle-on-Tyne.
London.
Prescot.
Sandbach, Cheshire.
Liverpool.
- Edinburgh.
- Merton, Surrey.
- Glasgow.
London.
Kelly, Wemyss Bay, Scot-
land.
BROWN-WESTHEAD, MOORE, & Co.
BATES, WALKER, & Co.
BROWNFIELD, W., & SON
-&
BROWNHILLS POTTERY COMPANY
CRAVEN, DUNNILL,
LIMITED -
DANIELL, A. B., & SON
DOULTON & WATTS
EDWARDS, JOHN
EDWARDS, J. & SON
GARDNER, P.
GREEN, JAMES, & NEPHEW
HOLLAND, W. T.
HOPE AND CARTER
MAW & Co.
MILLAR, J., & Co.
MINTON, HOLLINS, & Co.
POWELL & BISHOP
Co.,
Dale Hall Works
Cauldon-place
Jackfield Works
46, Wigmore-street -
Lambeth Pottery, Lambeth
King-street, Fenton
Dale Hall Pottery
Dunmore Pottery
107, Queen Victoria-street, City
Burslem
Benthall Works
2, South Saint Andrew-street
Alloa, Scotland.
Burslem.
Staffordshire Potteries.
Cobridge, Staffordshire.
Tunstall, Staffordshire.

near Ironbridge, Shropshire.
. London.
- London.
Staffordshire.
- Burslem.
Stirling, Scotland.
- London.
- Llanelly, South Wales.
Staffordshire.
- Broseley, Shropshire.
- Edinburgh.
Stoke-on-Trent.
Hanley, Staffordshire.
CHRONOMETERS AND CLOCKS,
AND WATCH WORK OF ALL
KINDS.
CLAXTON, R.
DEL RIEGO, M.
DENT, M. F..
FRODSHAM, C., & Co.
GIBSON, W.
KULLBERG, V.
MERCER, T.
65, Middleton-street, Clerkenwell
284, Regent-street
33, Cockspur-street, Charing Cross
84, Strand
Castle-place -
105, Liverpool-road, Islington
161, Goswell-road
London.
- London.
London.
London.
Belfast.
- London.
London.
R 2

260
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
CHRONOMETERS, &c.—cont.
MORTON, G.
NEAL, J.
NICOLE, NEILSON, & Co.
POOLE, J., & Co.
SEWILL, J.
SMITH, BORTHWICK
WHITTAKER, R.
CHURCH FURNITURE.
Cox & SONS
GILL, J.
HART, SON, PEARD, & Co. -
HEMS, HARRY
MATTHEWS, E.
SINGER, J. W., & SON
CLEATS,
SAFETY.
SELF-ACTING,
CRUICKSHANK, A. B.
CLAY.
DAVIDSON, T., JUN., & Co.
DUNN, R., & Co.
HARPER & MOORES
KING BROTHERS
PIKE, W. J.
REYNOLDS, J. G.
CLOTHING.
DICKSON, J. H., & NEPHEW
FESTA, G. P.
HITCHCOCK, WILLIAMS, & Co.
JONES, P.
MCGEE, J. G., & Co.
MCLINTOCK, J., & SONS
SCHREIBER, F. A.
SYKES, JOSEPHINE, & Co.
THOMSON, W. S., & SONS
COAL, COKE, AND OTHER FUEL.
MARRIOTT, ELIZABETH
PENROSE & RICHARDS
WIGAN COAL & IRON COMPANY,
LIMITED
COCOA, CHOCOLATE, COFFEE,
CHICORY, AND THEIR PRE-
PARATIONS.
FRY, J. S., & SONS
MENIER, E.
TURNER, R. P.
Address of Exhibitor,
31, Hanover-street, Islington
44, 46, 48, Edgware-road
14, Soho-square
33, Spencer-street, Clerkenwell
20, Cornhill
Junction-street
7, Great Sutton-street, Clerkenwell
London.
London.
London.
London.
London.
- Coventry.
London.
28, 29, 31, Southampton-street,
Strand
66, Regent-street, Lambeth
Wych-street, Strand
69, Paris Street
377, Oxford-street
5, Reform-street
33 and 41, Garngad-hill
Oak Villa
9, Old Ford-road
Rheea Rod Fibre Works
St. Paul's Churchyard
- London.
· London.
London.
Exeter.
London.
:.
- Frome, Somerset.
- Dundee, Scotland.
- Glasgow.
- St. Austell, Cornwall.
- Stourbridge.
- Stourbridge.
Wareham, Dorsetshire.
London.
Godalming, Surrey.
13, Charles-street, Grosvenor-square London.
30, 32, 34, High-street
Utilitas Works
17, Thavies Inn
280, Regent-street
97, Cheapside
15, Oldfield Road
252, City-road
Southwark-street, Borough
7, Market-place
London.
Newtown, Montgomeryshire-
- Belfast.
Barnsley, Yorkshire.

- London.
London.
London.
- Stoke Newington.
Swansea, South Wales.
· Wigan, Lancashire.
- London.
- London.
Peterborough.
SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
261
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
www.
Address of Exhibitor.
DYES,
VARNISHES, AND STAINS.
COLOURS,
PAINTS,
CRAIG & ROSE
REYNOLDS, J. G.
ROWNEY, G., & Co.
SILICATE PAINT COMPANY, THE
STEPHENS, H. C.
STORER, D., & SONS
TURNER, C. & SON -·
WILLIAMS, M.
CONDIMENTS, SAUCES, SPICES,
FLAVOURINGS, &c.
BALL, J.
Caledonian Works
9, Old Ford-road
52, Rathbone-place
24, Fenwick-street
171, Aldersgate-street
Sydney-street
7, Broad Street, Bloomsbury
Britannia Varnish Works
12, Duke-street, Grosvenor-square
Soho-square
Edinburgh.
London.
London.
Liverpool.
London.amrock may
Glasgow.
- London.
Wigan. Manet sons
London.
London.
Eye, Suffolk.VITA, KS
Leeds.
Glasgow, Scotland.
CROSSE & BLACKWELL
GISSING, A. S., & Sons
Castle-street
GOODALL, BACKHOUSE, & Co.
Boar-lane
JAAP, J.
268, Buchanan-street
JONES, PALMER, & Co.
Eastern Works,
Finsbury
Tabernacle-walk,
London.
KEEN, ROBINSON, BELLVILLE, & Co. 6, Garlick Hill, Cannon-street
LEA & PERRINS
- London.
MACKAY, J.
MAW, T.
MELLIN, G.
NICOLL, D.
PARKINSON BROTHERS
PATCHITT, E. C.
119, George-street
Windsor-place
15, Clement's Inn
24
43, Hammerton-street
Worcester. BIJ
Edinburgh.
Burmantofts, Leeds.
16, Tichborne-street, Regent-street - London.
- London.
Burnley, Lancashire.
Nottingham.
POWELL, T.
PRATT, J.
SMITH, T. & H., & Co.
TURNER, R. P.
YUILLE, A. -
CONVERTER OF BREECH LOAD-
ING FIRE-ARMS.
CLAY, R.
COOKING
Ilkeston-road
81, High-street, St. Marylebone
227, Oxford-street
21, Duke-street
7, Market-place
132, Irongate, Melville-court
- London.
- London.
能
​- Edinburgh.
Peterborough.
Glasgow.
58, Finborough-road, South Kensing-
ton
London.
APPARATUS.
ETZENSBERGER, R. U.
Midland Hotel, St. Pancras
London.
Seaford-street, Regent-square, Gray's
Inn-road
London.
THORNTON, E.
12, Richmond-road
Bradford.
PERKINS, A. M., & SON
COTTON, COTTON YARN, COT-
TON THREAD.
ASHWORTH, E., & SONS
BROOK, J., & BROTHERS
CLARK, J., JUN., & Co.
COATS, J. P., & Co.
Egerton Mills
Meltham Mills
16, George-street, Mile-end
Ferguslie Thread Works
Bolton.
Huddersfield.
- Glasgow.
Paisley.
Al


262
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. -BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
COTTON, YARN, COTTON YARD,
COTTON THREAD.-cont.
DEWHURST, J., & SONS
FERGUSON BROTHERS
NEILSON, STORER, & SONS -
ULLATHORNE & Co.
COTTON FABRICs.
BARLOW & JONES, LIMITED
BRIGG, J. F., & Co.
GREENMOUNT SPINNING Co.
HAWKINS, J., & SONS
MCBRIDE, R., & Co.
SCHWABE, SALIS, & Co.
SIMPSON & KING
SWAINSON, BIRLEY, & Co.
WILSON, T. & D., & Co..
CRAPE.
Belle Vue Mills
Holme Head Works
Thorn Mills
2, Portland-street
..
Greenmount Factory
8, Faulkner-street
4, Bedford-street
41, George-street
7, York-street
42, Cheapside
145, Ingram-street
Address of Exhibitor.

Skipton.
near Carlisle.
- Johnstone, near Paisley.
Barnard Castle, Durham.
- Manchester.
- Huddersfield.
Harold's Cross, Dublin.
Manchester.
Belfast.**
Manchester.
Manchester.
London.
Glasgow.
FRENCH & Co.
St. Mary's Works
Norwich.
CRUCIBLES, MELTING POTS.
DOULTON & Co.
HARPER & MOORES
PATENT PLUMBAGO CRUCIBLE COM-
PANY
48, High-street, Lambeth
- London.
- Stourbridge.
Battersea Works
London.
CUTLERY.
BROOKES & Crookes
BURNAND & Co.
HAWKESWORTH (WILSON), ELLI-
SON, & Co.
KINGSBURY, T.
Atlantic Works, St. Philip's-road
Leicester Works, Leicester-street
Sheffield.
Sheffield.
Carlisle Works
Sheffield.
London.
44, 46, 48, Edgware-road
London.
- London.
9, New Bond-street
NEAL, J.
NEAL, J., & Co.
NEEDHAM, J.
WOSTENHOLM & SON (LIMITED)
DAMASK LINENS.
BARLOW & JONES, LIMITED
DICKSONS, FERGUSON, & Co.
EWART, W. & SON
22, 23, 24, Hampden Gurney-street,
Portman-square
69, Arundel-street
Washington Works
2, Portland-street
Linen Hall-street
GREENMOUNT SPINNING COMPANY Greenmount Factory
JOHNSON, J., & FILDES
LAIRD, W., & Co.
RICHARDSON, J. N., SONS, &
OWDEN
WEBB, E., & SONS -
44, Spring-gardens
Canmore Linen Works
1, Donegall-square, North
Copenhagen-street
Adjark
- Sheffield.
Sheffield.

Manchester.
- Belfast.
Belfast.
Harold's Cross, Dublin.
Manchester.
Forfar, Scotland.
· Belfast.
Worcester.

SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
263
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
DESIGNS
FOR
MANUFAC-
TURES AND DECORATIONS,
BEVIS, H.
DASHWOOD, C. W.
140, Pentonville-road
HOOPER & Co.
KERR, E.
LEIGHTON, JOHN
MCINTOSH, J.
NICHOLL, S. J.
DISINFECTANTS,
DISINFEC-
TORS, FUMIGATORS, INSECT
AND VERMIN DESTROYERS.
CALVERT, F. C., & Co.
LEDGER, H., & Co.
LEE, R. J., DR.
RIMMEL, EUGENE
DRUGS.
ALLEN & HANBURYS
London.
1, St. Clement's Churchyard, Strand London.
113, Victoria-street, Westminster London.
7, Merville-terrace, Gilford-place,
North Strand
Dublin. 20
12, Ormonde-terrace, Regent's Park, London.
38, Langham-street
1, Caversham-road, Kentish Town
London.
London.
61, 63, Lant-street, Borough
· Bradford, near Manchester.
London.
4, Savile-row
96, Strand
Plough Court, Lombard-street
EVANS, LESCHER, & EVANS
60, Bartholomew Close
153, Liverpool Road
GERRARD, A. W.
London.
London.

London.
London.
London.
- Leamington.
KINMOND & Co.
MORSON & SON
SMITH, T. & H., & Co.
TYNE VALE CHEMICAL Co.
USHER, R.
Kenilworth Street
Southampton Row, Russell Square
21, Duke-street
London.
- Edinburgh.
Northumberland Works, Forth Banks Newcastle-on-Tyne.
Bodicote, near Banbury,
Oxfordshire.
EDUCATIONAL BOOKS, &c.
BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND AS-
SOCIATION
CASSELL, PETTER, AND GALPIN
LOCKWOOD & Co.
LOTH, J. T., DR.
POTTS, R., M., A.
ROLA, V.
RUNDELL, J. B.
SUNDAY SCHOOL UNION
WARD, M., & Co. ·
ELASTIC FABRICS AND ELAS-
TIC WEB.
HODGES, T. W., & SONS
LANG, J. & J.
33, Cambridge-square, Hyde-park
London.
La Belle Sauvage Yard, Ludgate-hill London.
7, Stationers' Hall-court, Ludgate-hill London.
18, Gilmore-place
Trinity College
22, Leinster-square, Bayswater
- Edinburgh.
- Cambridge.
London.
Science and Art Department, South London.
Kensington Museum
56, Old Bailey
67, 68, Chandos-street, Strand
13, Charterhouse-buildings, Alders-
gate-street
- London, WCD
London.
Leicester.
- London.

264 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
ELASTIC FABRICS, AND
ELASTIC WEB.-cont.
REIN, F. C., MRS.
SIMON, MAY, & Co.
Turner, A., & Co.
ELECTRICAL MACHINES AND
ELECTRO - MAGNETIC AND
GALVANIC BATTERIES, AP-
PARATUS, LAMPS, &c.
PULVERMACHER, I. L.
REIN, F. C., & SON
SMITH & STARLEY -
THERMO ELECTRIC GENERATOR
Co., LIMITED
108, Strand -
Week-day Cross
Bow Bridge Works -
194, Regent-street
108, Strand
Trafalgar Works
27, New-street, Cloth Fair
London.
- Nottingham.
- Leicester.
· London.
London.
Coventry.
. London.
ELECTRO
REPRODUCTIONS
OF WORKS OF ART.
ELKINGTON & Co.
Newhall Street
- Birmingham.
EMERY.
OAKEY, J., & SONS
Wellington Works, Westminster-
bridge-road
London.
ENGRAVING
AND
ENAMEL-
LING ON WOOD,
GEMS,
METAL, GLASS, &c.
DICKES, W.
FETHERSTON, J. J.
Farringdon-road
2, Coppingers-row
London.
GILL, JAMES
66, Regent Street, Lambeth
- Dublin.
London.
JOHNSON, J.
M.,
&
SONS,
LIMITED
3, Castle-street, Holborn
London.
LAFARGUE, P., DR.
27, South Hill-park, Hampstead
London.
TYPOGRAPHIC ETCHING Co.
23, Farringdon-street
-- London.
ULRICH, H. S.
Brynterian, Chelsfield, Chislehurst
Kent.

FELT AND ARTICLES MADE
OF FELT.
ANDERSON, D., & SON
ENGERT & ROLFE
MOTEAR & Co.
FILES AND RASPS.
HAWKSWORTH, (WILSON), ELLI-
SON, & Co.
Lagan Felt Works
Belfast.
Barchester-street, Poplar New Town - London.
Corporation-street
- Belfast.
Carlisle Works
Sheffield.

.::
265
SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
FILTERS, FILTERING BAGS,
&c.
BUSSE, G., & Co.
CHEAVIN, GEORGE
STIFF, J., & Sons
Address of Exhibitor.
8, South-street, Finsbury
· London.
Wide Bargate Filter Works, Boston - Lincolnshire.
High-street, Lambeth
London.
܀
FIRE-ARMS.
BUSSEY, G. G., & Co.
DOUGALL, J. D.
GIBBS, G.
GREEN, E. C.
GREENER, W. W.
HENRY, A.
LANCASTER, A.
LANCASTER, C. W.
LANG, J., & SONS
NEEDHAM & Co.
PURDEY, J.-
REILLY, E. M., & Co.
RIGBY, J., & Co.
SCOTT, W. & C., & SONS
SOPER, W. -
TOLLEY, J. & W.
WEBLEY, P., & SON
WILLIAMS & POWELL
Museum Works, Rye-lane, Peckham - London.
59, St. James-street
29, Corn-street
87, High-street
St. Mary's Works
12, South St. Andrew-street -
27, South Audley-street
151, New Bond-street
23, Cockspur-street
53, Piccadilly
314, Oxford-street
502, New Oxford-street
72, St. James-street -
23, Friar-street
- London.
- Bristol.
- Cheltenham.
- Birmingham.
- Edinburgh.
London.
London.
- London.
London.
- London.

London.
London.
Reading.
Premier Gun Works, Lancaster-street Birmingham.
Pioneer Works, St. Mary's-square - Birmingham.
82, Weaman-street
25, South Castle-street
· Birmingham.
- Liverpool.
FIRE-BRICKS AND FIRE-CLAY.
CLIFF, J.
HARRISON, G. K.
HARPER & MOORES
HOLLAND, W. T.
KING BROTHERS
REYNOLDS, J. G.
FIRE ENGINES AND FIRE EX-
TINGUISHING APPARATUS.
ADAIR & Co.
The Lye and Brettel Works
9, Old Ford-road
Neptune-street
WALLACE, J. S., & TUCKER, E.
3, Antrim-place
FIRE-PROOF
PROOFING.
CHATWOOD, SAMUEL
ROBY, G., & Co.
WHITE, W. G.
雌
​Runcorn, near Liverpool.
- Stourbridge.
Stourbridge.
Llanelly, South Wales.
- Stourbridge.
- London.
Liverpool.
Belfast.
SAFES, FIRE
120, Cannon Street -
31, King-street
Albert Villa -
London.
Wigan.
New Malden, Surrey.
266
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.

*
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.and
FISHHOOKS, FISHING NETS
AND TACKLE.
BUCHANAN, J.
ENGLISH, J., & Co. -
HENRY, A.
MILWARD, H., & SONS
PULLINGER, C.
RYDER, W. H.
TURNER, R., & Co. -
WOODFIELD, W., & SONS
FLAGS.
BEVIS, H.
TURTLE & PEARCE
FLANNEL.
JONES, P.
FLAX,
HEMP, JUTE, AND
OTHER FIBRES.
COX BROTHERS
LAIRD, W., & Co.
SANDEMAN, F. S.
56 to 62, Dale-street -
Address of Exhibitor.
12, South St. Andrew-street
48, Ellis-street
Old Factory -
Easemore Works
Tradeston, Glasgow.
- Feckenham, near Redditch.
- Edinburgh.
Redditch.
Selsey, near
Sussex.
Birmingham.
· Redditch.
- Redditch.
140, Pentonville-road
11, Duke Street, London Bridge
- London.
- London.
2
Camperdown Works
Canmore Linen Works
Manhattan Works
Chichester,
Newtown, Montgomeryshire.
- Lochee, Dundee.
- Forfar, Scotland.
- Dundee.
FLOORCLOTHS AND MATTING.
BOULINIKON FLOOR CLOTH MANU-
FACTURING COMPANY, LIMITED
CORTICENE FLOOR COVERING COM-
PANY
NAIRN, M., & Co.
TULL, GLANVILL, & Co.
FLOUR AND FLOUR MILLS.
LLOYD, T., & SONS -
POWELL, T.-
SUTCLIFFE, J. S.
FUEL ECONOMISERS.
GREEN, E., & SON
Worsley-street
115, Queen Victoria-street
Salford, Manchester.
· London.
Kirkcaldy, Scotland.
Crown Works, Roupell-street, Lambeth London.
327, Old-street, Shoreditch
- London.
81, High-street, St. Marylebone
. London.
14, St. Anne's-square
45, Commercial-street
Bacup, Lancashire.
Manchester.
Dundee.
BRECHIN, J. B.

FURNACES,
BLOWING MACHINERY.
FORGES,
AND
DOULTON & Co.
ELLIS, W. J.
48, High-street, Lambeth
66, Murray-street
- London.
Higher Broughton, Man-
chester.

SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
267
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
FURNACES, FORGES, &c.-cont.
PATENT PLUMBAGO CRUCIBLE COM-
PANY
SIEMENS, C. W.
SMITH, D.
FURNITURE DECORATION
AND DESIGNS.
ARTHUR, F.
BARNARD, B.
COLLINSON & LOCK
COLLMAN, L. W.
COOPER & HOLT
Cox & SONS
HEMS, HARRY
HOWARD & SONS
Battersea Works
Address of Exhibitor.
12, Queen Anne's-gate.
153, Duke-street
London.
London. SKA
Liverpool.
London.
- London.
18, Motcomb-street
107, St. Paul's-road, Highbury
109, Fleet-street
- London.
- London.
67, George-street, Portman-square- London.
48, 49, 50, Bunhill-rów
28, 29, 31, Southampton-street, Strand London.
69, Prior-street
25, Berners-street
JEFFREYS, CHARLES
KNIGHT, MARY
Exeter.
London.
London.
London.
London.
LAFARGUE, P.
MCINTOSH, J.
MORTON, W., Scorr, & Co.
PEYTON & PEYTON -
PHIPSON, EMMA
ROBERTS, W.
ROYAL SCHOOL OF ART NEEDLE-
WORK
SAGE, FREDERICK
SCHILDBERG, H., & Co.
SHOOLBRED, J., & Co.
WATSON, J., & SON
WATSON & Co.
WRIGHT & MANSFIELD
FURNITURE AND
103, Hatton Garden
1, Anderson-street, Chelsea
27, South Hill-park, Hampstead
38, Langham-street
Dabry House
Bordesley Works
139, Derby-road
Exhibition-road
80-84, Gray's Inn Road
26, Moorgate-street
Tottenham Court-road
Moorgate-street Chambers
Bombay, care of J. Watson & Co.,
Moorgate-street Chambers'
104, New Bond-street
. London.
- Edinburgh.
- Birmingham.
Monk Sherborne, Basing-
stoke, Hampshire.
Bootle, near Liverpool.
London.
London.
London.
- London.
A
London.
- Loondon.
London.
UPHOLS-
TERY STUFFS, &c.
NORRIS & Co.
PIM BROTHERS & Co.
ROYAL SCHOOL OF ART NEEDLE-
WORK
SAGE, FREDERICK
SIMPSON & KING
GAMES AND TOYS.
124, Wood-street
22, William-street
Exhibition-road
80-84, Gray's Inn-road
7, York-street
London.
- Dublin.
London.
· London.
Manchester.
LONDON STEREOSCOPIC
PHOTOGRAPHIC COMPANY
LEWIS, J.
MARRISON, R. D.
MIDDLETON, T. J. -
NICHOLSON, H.
AND
110 and 108, Regent-street
177, Cannongate
Great Orford-street
London. Ajay
Glasgow.
Norwich.
38, Little Queen-street, High Holborn London.
Kilner Deyne-terrace
Rochdale.
u

268
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. -BRITISH SECTION.

Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
GARDEN
…AND- PARK EN-
GINES, FURNITURE, FIT-
TINGS, AND UTENSILS.
Address of Exhibitor.
BARNARD, BISHOP, AND BARNARDS
KERR, E.
Norfolk Ironworks
Norwich.
7, Merville-terrace,
Gilford-place,
PULLINGER, C.
North Strand
WILKINSON, W., & SON
WILLS, A. W.
Spring Works
Park Mills, Nechells
- Dublin.
Selsey, near Chichester,
Sussex.
Grimesthorpe, Sheffield.
- Birmingham.
GAS
APPARATUS,
GASOME-
TERS, METERS, AND
TINGS.
AIR BURNING CO., LIMITED
GWYNNE & Co.
HART, SON, PEARD, & Co.
KIMPTON, T.
PARTRIDGE & Co.
REYNOLDS, J. G.
SUGG, W.
WILLIAMS, M.
FIT-
GELATINE, ISINGLASS, GLUE,
&C.
118, Green-street
Essex-street Works
Wych-street, Strand
2, 3, Barnards Inn, Holborn
Lombard-street
9, Old Ford-road
Vincent Works, Vincent-street,
Westminster
Britannia Varnish Works
- Glasgow.
London.
London.
· London.
Birmingham.
London.
London.
- Wigan.
GREEN, J.
12, Graham-terrace,
Ridley-road,
Kingsland
London.
HOOPER, C., JUN.
6, 7, 8, New Weston-street, Bermond-
sey
London.
GIRDERS.
MCTEAR & Co. do
117, 119, 121, Corporation-street
Belfast.
GLASS, ARTICLES MADE
OF GLASS, AND STAINED
GLASS.
AIRE AND CALDER GLASS BOTTLE
Co. (E. BREFFIT, Proprietor)
BAILEY, W. & J. A.
BAILLIE & Co.
CHANCE BROTHERS & Co.
CODD, H.
Constable, W. H. -~~
Cox & SONS apk of B
DANIELL, A. B., & SON
83, Upper Thames-street
118, Wardour-street
- Glass Works
14, Dunster House, Mark-lane
Stained Glass Works
London.
Alloa, Scotland.
- London.
near Birmingham.
- London.
near Cambridge.

28, 29, 31, Southampton-street,'Strand London.
46, Wigmore-street
London.

SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
269
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
GLASS ARTICLES, &c.—cont.
DE MORINI C.
GIBBS & MOORE
GREEN, J., & NEPHEW
HEATON, BUTLER, & BAYNE
HARDMAN, JOHN, & Co.
HETLEY, J., & SON
JENKINSON, A.
KILNER BROTHERS
MATTHEWS, E., & SON
MCGRATH, J.
MIDDLETON, T. J.
MILLAR, J., & Co.
POWELL & SONS
RAMSEY, W.
WARD & HUGHES
170, Great Portland-street
89, Southampton-row
107, Queen Victoria-street
14, Garrick-street
Newhall Hill
35, Soho-square
10, Princes-street
· London.
London.
- London.
- London.
- Birmingham.
- London.
- Edinburgh.
Great Northern Goods Station, King's
Cross
377, Oxford-street
6a, White Lion-street, Chelsea
London.
- London.
London.
38, Little Queen-street, High Holborn London.
2, South Saint Andrew-street
Whitefriars Glass Works
83 and 84, Farringdon-street
67, Frith-street
· Edinburgh.
London.
London.
London.
GLOVES.
DAGGETT, C.
DEBENHAM & FREEBODY
MORLEY, J. & R.
PULLMAN, R. & J.
WELCH, MARGETSON, & Co.
27, 29, 31, Wigmore-street
18, Wood-street, Cheapside
17, Greek-street, Soho
16 and 17, Cheapside
**
Woodstock, Oxfordshire.
London.
London.
- London.
London.
GOLDBEATERS' SKIN.
BENNETT, T., & SON
PUCKRIDGE, F., & NEPHEW
70, Turnmill-street, Farringdon-road London.
530, Kingsland-road
London.
GOLDSMITHS'
AND
SILVER-
SMITHS' WORK AND PLATED
GOODS.
AITCHISON, J.
ELKINGTON & Co.
NEAL, J.
NEAL, J., & Co.
23, Princes-street
Newhall-street
44, 46, 48, Edgware-road
22, 23, 24, Hampden Gurney-street,
Portman-square
Edinburgh.
- Birmingham.ayak be
London.
London.
HAIR (HUMAN).
VAN VOLEN, G.
HATS, CAPS, AND THEIR MA-
TERIALS.
DASH, O.
HUMBERT, H.
LINCOLN, BENNETT, & Co.
TRESS & Co.
50 and 52, Waterloo-road, Lambeth, London.
10, King's-road, Brighton
30, Barbican
Sussex.
- London.
40, Piccadilly
33, Stamford-street
London.
- London.
痱
​
4

270 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. -BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
HEEL BALL.
ULLATHORNE & Co.
HONEY.
LOVEY, E.
HORSE CLIPPERS.
MARTIN, R.
HORTICULTURE.
PAUL, W.
VEITCH, J., & SONS
WARNER, R.
WATERER, ANTHONY
WILLIAMS, B. S.
Address of Exhibitor.
Barnard Castle, Durham.
Ponsnooth, Perran-ar-wor-
thal, Cornwall.
The Village -
Old Charlton, Kent.
· Waltham Cross, Hertford-
shire.
Royal Nursery, King's-road, Chelsea London.
8, Crescent, Cripplegate
Knap Hill Nursery
Victoria and Paradise Nurseries,
Upper Holloway -
. London.
Woking, Surrey.
London.
HOSIERY.
MORLEY, J. & R.
SMYTH & Co.
WELCH, MARGETSON, & Co.
HOSPITALS,
AMBULANCES,
18, Wood-street, Cheapside -
London.
- Dublin.
- London.
36 and 37, Lower Abbey-street
16 and 17, Cheapside
&C.
CLAY, R.
TURNER, G., & Co.
HYDRAULIC JACKS,
PRES-
SES, HOISTS, TUBES, AND
58, Finborough-road, South Kensing-
ton
94, Gracechurch-street
- London.
London.
FITTINGS.
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
TANGYE Bros.
WEST & Co.
|
Cornwall Works, Soho
Crown-place, Kentish Town-road
INDIA-RUBBER BELTING, NA
PACKING, HOSE AND TA-
BRICS, &c., GUTTA PERCHA.
INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA,
AND TELEGRAPH WORKS COM-
PANY, LIMITED
LANG, J. & J.
100, Cannon-street
gate-street
13, Charterhouse-buildings, Alders-
Leeds.
- Birmingham.
London.

London.
· London.

SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
271
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
INKS AND INKSTANDS.
BLACKWOOD, J., & Co.
BOWMAN, C.
COOPER & Co.
HICKISSON, M. A., Mrs. (Daughter
of the late John Bond)
LYONS, W.
SANDS BROTHERS & Co.
STEPHENS, H. C.
WEBSTER, H.
London.
- London.
18, Bread-street Hill
6, King-street, Tower-hill
- London.
5, Shoe-lane, Fleet-street
75, Southgate-road
Park-street
Salford Chemical Works
171, Aldersgate-street
22, Litchfield-street, Soho
- London.
Manchester.
Manchester.
- London.
London.
IRON, IRON PLATE,
FORG-
INGS, TUBES, CASTINGS,
TANKS, BEDSTEADS, &c.
ADAMS, R.
ASH & LACY
BALDWIN, E. P., & W.
BARNARD,
NARDS
BISHOP, AND BAR-
BROWN, JOHN, & Co., LIMITED
CAMMELL, C., & Co., LIMITED
Cox & SONS
GOVERNOR AND COMPANY OF
COPPER MINERS IN ENGLAND
GREAT WESTERN IRON Co.
HATTON, SONS, & Co.
HAWKINS, J., & Co.
PATENT NUT AND BOLT CO.,
LIMITED
SIEMENS, C. W.
WEST CUMBERLAND IRON AND
STEEL CO., LIMITED.
WHITWELL, THOMAS
WIGAN COAL AND IRON Co., LIM-
ITED
WOOD, J. W.
25, Falmouth-road, Great Dover-street London.
Meriden Street
Wilden Works
Norfolk Ironworks
Atlas Works
Cyclops Works
Cwm Avon Works
Shepton
Broadwater Works
16, Station-street
London Works
12, Queen Anne's-gate
Workington -
Thornaby Iron Works
Collector of H.M.'s Customs
Birmingham.
near Stourport.
- Norwich.
Sheffield.
Sheffield.NAN

- Taibach, Glamorganshire.
- Wouldham.
- Kidderminster.
- Walsall.
near Birmingham.
London.
Cumberland.
Stockton-on-Tees.
- Wigan, Lancashire.
- Harwich, Essex.
IVORY, BONE WARE, AND IMI-
TATIONS.
ELRICK, C. G.
SPILL, DANIEL
:
8, Aldermanbury Postern
124, High-street, Homerton
JEWELLERY, TRINKETS, AND
JEWEL CASES.
AITCHISON, J.
BRYAN, C.
23, Princes-street
West Cliff
London. House Ad
London.******
Edinburgh.
- Whitby, Yorkshire.

272
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
JEWELLERY, TRINKETS, AND
JEWEL CASES-cont.
FETHERSTON, J. J. -
FRANCATI & SANTAMARIA
FRIDLANDER, A. A.
GIBSON, W.
GOGGIN, J.
JEFFERY, JOIN
NEAL, J.
Address of Exhibitor.
2, Coppinger's-row
65, Hatton-garden
26, Hylton-street
Castle-place -
74, Grafton-street
14, Tottenham Court-road
44, 46, 48, Edgware-road
Dublin.
London.
- Birmingham.
Belfast.
- Dublin.
- London.
London.
LACE, NET, LACE DRESSES,
CURTAINS, &c.
DUNRAVEN, Countess of
HEYMAN & ALEXANDER
JACOBY, M., & Co.
SIMON, MAY, & Co.]
SMITH, G. J.
STEWART, MOIR, & MUIR
Adare
Stoney-street
Broadway
Week-day Cross
The Terrace, Church-road
73, Mitchell-street
· Co. Limerick.
- Nottingham.
- Nottingham.
- Nottingham.
- Upper Norwood, Surrey.
Glasgow.
LAMPS,
LANTERNS,
SAFETY LAMPS.
AND
BAINBRIDGE, E.
COOKE, J., & Co.
GARDNER, J., & SONS
KERR, E.
SKELTON & Co.
Nunnery Colliery Offices
Sheffield.
82, Lawley-street, Belmont-passage - Birmingham.
453, Strand -
7, Merville-terrace,
London.
Gilford-place,
37, Essex-street, Strand
North Strand
Dublin.
London.
LEAK STOPPER.
號
​WOOD, J. W.
Collector of H.M. Customs
LEATHER.
Harwich, Cambridgeshire.
铋
​ANGUS, G., & Co.
BUSSEY, G. G., & Co.
EDINBURGH WESTERN
COMPANY, LIMITED
HARRINGTON, J., & Co.
HOE, R., & SONS
HOOPER, C., JUN.
HOOPER, C. W., & SONS
PULLMAN, R. & J.
WILSON, WALKER, & Co.
10, Thomas-street
· Liverpool.
Museum Works, Rye-lane, Peckham - London.
TANNING
135, West Port
Union Works
44, Leadenhall-street
6, New Weston-street, Bermondsey
51, Weston-street, Bermondsey
17, Greek-street, Soho
Sheepscar Works
- Edinburgh.
- Ryde, Isle of Wight.

London.
London.
London.
- London.
· Leeds.

SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS. DITAION
273
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
LIFE-SAVING
APPARATUS.
LACEY, R. G.
AND DIVING
SAINTY, J. & B.
SANDERSON & PROCTOR
SIEBE & GORMAN
WALLACE & TUCKER, E.
LINEN YARNS, THREAD, AND
FABRICs.
AINSWORTH, T.
Coast Guard Station -
Alpha Works
Shore Works
17,
Mason-street,
Westminster
Bridge-road
3, Antrim-place
- Leigh, Essex.
Wisbeach, Cambridge.
· Huddersfield.
London.
- Belfast.
BROWETT, F., & Co.
BRIGG, F., J. & Co.
BROWN, J. S., & SONS
DICKSONS, FERGUSON, & Co.
DUNBAR, MCMASTER, & Co.
EWART, W., & SONS
FENTON, CONNOR, & Co.
GREENMOUNT SPINNING COMPANY
JOHNSON, J., & FILDES
LAIRD, W., & Co.
MARSHALL & Co.
MATIER, H., & Co.
NORMAND, J., & SON
RICHARDSON, J. N., SONS, & Ow-
DEN
SANDEMAN, F. S.
YORK STREET FLAX SPINNING Co.,
LIMITED
Cleator Mills
Bedford-street
Linen Hall-street
Linen Hall
Cleator, Carnforth, Cumber-
land.
Huddersfield.
- Coventry.
Belfast.
- Belfast.
- Gilford, County Down, Ire-
land.
- Belfast, Ireland.
- Belfast.
Greenmount Factory, Harold's-cross Dublin.
44, Spring-gardens
Canmore Linen Works
Clarence-place
Dysart
1, Donegall-square, North
Manhattan Works
Manchester.
- Forfar, Scotland.
Leeds.
Belfast.
Fifeshire, Scotland.
. Belfast.
Dundee.
Belfast, Ireland.
LITHOGRAPHIC
PRINTING
GRAPHY, CHROMO
AND MATERIALS,
GRAPHY, &c.
LITHO-
LITHO-
AUDSLEY & Bowes
DAY & SON
BARTHOLOMEW, J.
DICKES, W.
JOHNSON, J. M., & SONS, LIMI-
TED
ROWNEY, G., & Co.
LOCKS.
11, Dale Street
Chambers-street
47, Charing Cross
Farringdon-road
3, Castle-street, Holborn
52, Rathbone-place
PHOSPHOR
BRONZE
COMPANY,
LIMITED -
WHITE, W. G.
139, Cannon-street
Albert Villa] froid-
36714.
Liverpool.
- Edinburgh.
London.

London.
London.
- London.
London.
New Malden, Surrey.
S
274
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.

-25%
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
LOOMS AND
ACCESSORIES
FOR WEAVING.
12, Grayston Street
Albion Works
FISH, J. & G.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
INGHAM, J., & SON -
MACKENZIE, D.
STEVENS, T.
Croft Head Works, Thornton
- Fiswick, Preston.
Leeds.
near Bradford.
Care of W. Smith, 19, Salisbury-
street, Strand
. London.
· Coventry; and 20,Warwick
lane, London.
LUBRICATORS
AND
LUBRI-
CATING OILS.
CLARKE & DUNHAM
69, Mark-lane
MACHINE TOOLS.
BEESLEY, L. W. & J., & SONS
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
HEAP, J., & Co., LIMITED
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
ROBERTS, W.
Abbey-road Boiler Works
Albion Works
Lee-street
139, Derby-road
London.
Barrow-in-Furness.
Leeds.
Oldham.
- Leeds.
- Bootle, near Liverpool.
MACHINERY.
AIR BLOWING MACHINERY.
ELLIS, W. J.
66, Murray-street, Higher Broughton Manchester.
AIR COMPRESSORS.
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
HURD, F.
AIR PUMPS.
WIER, M. A.
43, Borough-road, Southwark
Grove House
- London
- Walton, near Wakefield.
33, Abchurch-lane
London.
BOILERS.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
GALLOWAY, W. & J., & SONS
GRAHAM & Co.
Colchester
Knott Mill Ironworks
. Essex.
· Manchester.
Premier Boiler Works, Premier-road Halifax.
BOLT FORGING
NERY.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
MACHI-
Albion Works midli
Leeds.
**SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.194
275
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor. -
BONE
CRUSHING
MACHI-
NERY.
DUNSTON ENGINE WORKS Co.
Gateshead-on-Tyne.
BOTTLE-FILLING MACHINE.
CODD, H.
Ross, W. A.
14, Dunster House, Mark-lane
Cromac Buildings
London.
Belfast.
BREWERS' MACHINERY.
LAWRENCE & Co. -
CALICO
NERY.
PRINTING
22, St. Mary Axe
MACHI-
Salford
GADD, T.
CARDING MACHINERY.
FLEMING, T., & SON
CLARIFYING MAC HI-
NERY.
NEEDHAM & KITE
West Grove Mill
:
London.
Manchester.
Halifax.
ADAM QAKARAIG
Phoenix Ironworks, Vauxhall
London.
CLOTH CUTTING AND PRES-
SING MACHINERY.

87, Globe-road, Mile End-road.
- London.
SANSON, R. B.
COAL CUTTING MACHI-
NERY.
BAIRD, W., & Co.
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
HURD, F.
MACDERMOTT, M.
Gartsherrie Ironworks
43, Borough-road, Southwark
Grove House
Scott's Chambers, 25 and 26, Pud-
ding-lane
Coatbridge, Scotland.
London.
- London.
Walton, near Wakefield.
. London.
MA-
Wellington Works, River-street
· Rochdale.
CONFECTIONERS'
CHINERY.
COLLIER, L.

CORN DRESSING MA-
CHINERY.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
CORN WEIGHING
CHINERY,
CLARKE & DUNHAM
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
**
Colchester, Essex.
MA-
69, Mark-lane
Market-buildings, 28, Mark-lane
London.
London.
$ 2
276 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
COTTON WORKING MA-
CHINERY.
GADD, T.-
HOWARD & BULLOUGH
PLATT BROTHERS & Co., LIMITED
WEST & Co.
CRANES.
APPLEBY BROTHERS
AVELING & PORTER
DARNING MACHINERY.
SMITH & STARLEY
DISTILLERY MACHINERY.
LAWRENCE & Co.
Address of Exhibitor.
Globe Works
Hartford Works
Crown-place, Kentish Town-road
- Salford, Manchester.
Accrington, Lancashire.
- Oldham.
London.
Emerson-street, Southwark
- London.
Rochester,
Kent;
and
Cannon-street, London.
Trafalgar Works
Coventry.
22, St. Mary Axe
London.
DRILLING MACHINERY.
MACDERMOTT, M.
Scott's Chambers, 25 and 26, Pudding-
lane
London
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY.
THERMO-ELECTRIC GENERATOR CO.,
LIMITED -
FLAX MACHINERY.
27, New-street, Cloth Fair
London.
FAIRBAIRN, KENNEDY, & NAYLOR -
LAWSON, S., & SONS
Hope Foundry
Leeds.
· Leeds.
HIGH-PRESSURE TESTING MA-
CHINERY.
SIEMENS, C. W.
HOISTING MACHINERY.
PICKERING, J.
TANGYE BROS.
HOSIERY MACHINERY.
GIMSON & COLTMAN
HYDRAUTO MACHINERY.
MONCKTON, G. H. -
KNIFE CLEANING MACHI-
NERY.
KENT, GEORGE
12, Queen Anne's-gate
London.
Grove Works
Cornwall Works
Duke-street
Stockton-on-Tees.
- Soho, Birmingham.
Leicester.
Care of Coutts & Co.
London.

200, High Holborn
ich Holborn -
Lordon.
SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS. ATËS
277
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
KNITTING MACHINERY.
SMITH & STARLEY
LAWN MOWERS.
Trafalgar Works
BARNARD, BISHOP, & BARNARDS
Norfolk Ironworks
LEATHER MACHINERY.
PULLMAN, R. & J. -
LITHOGRAPHING MACHINERY.
BEATTY, F. S.
Address of Exhibitor.
Coventry.
Norwich.
17, Greek-street, Soho
**
London.
30, Summers Hill
Dublin.
LOCOMOTIVES.
HANDYSIDES STEEP GRADIENT
COMPANY, LIMITED
LOGOTYPES.
9, Victoria-chambers, Victoria-street London.
TOMLINE, COLONEL
LOOMS.
STEVENS, T.
Carlton Terrace
London.
- Coventry; and 20, Warwick-
lane, London.
MACHINE TOOLS.
BEESLEY, L. W. & J., & SONS
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
HEAP, J., & Co., LIMITED
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
ROBERTS, W.
Abbey-road Boiler Works
Albion Works
Lee-street
139, Derby-road
Barrow-in-Furness.
. Leeds.
· Oldham.
Leeds.
- Bootle, near Liverpool..
MARINE ENGINES.

HEWITT, W.
PAINTING MACHINE.
ROBERTS, W.
PAPER-MAKING MACHI-
NERY.
ANNANDALE, ALEX, & SONS
MARSHALL, T. J., & Co.
Prospect Villa, Sydenham-hill
Bristol.
139, Derby-road
Bootle, near Liverpool.
Beltonford Paper Works
Campbell Works,
. Dunbar.
Gillet-street,
Kingsland
- London.
..
278 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
PRINTING MACHINERY.
LILLY, J., & Co.
SHAW, W.
WALTER, J., M.P.
PULVERIZING
NERY.
KIMBERLEY, N. G.
Address of Exhibitor.
172, St. John-street, Clerkenwell . London.
3, Sheldon-street, Bayswater
"Times" Office, Printing House-
square
- London.
· London.
MACHI-
11, Great St. Helen's
- London.
PUNCHING AND
SHEARING
MACHINERY.
BEESLEY & SONS
Abbey-road Boiler Works
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
ROCK
NERY.
DRILLING
MACHI-
ANNANDALE, ALEX., & SONS
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
:
Beltonford Paper Works
43, Borough-road, Southwark
- Barrow-in-Furness.
Leeds.
Dunbar.
- London.
SCREW
NERY.
CUTTING
HEAP, J., & Co., LIMITED
SCREW PROPELLERS.
HEWITT, W.
VANSIT TART, HENRIETTA
SEWING MACHINES.
KIMBALL & MORTON
MACHI-
LAING'S PATENT OVERHEAD SEW-
ING MACHINE Co.
SMITH & STARLEY -
WILSON, NEWTON, & Co.
GREENWOOD & BATTEY
SILK MACHINERY.
STEVENS, T.
Lee-street
Prospect Villa, Sydenham-hill
2, Montpelier-row, Twickenham
80, Bishop-street
4, Bain-square
Trafalgar Works
144, High Holborn
Albion Works
- Oldham.
. Bristol.
- Middlesex.
- Anderston, Glasgow.
- Dundee.
- Coventry.
London.
Leeds.
20, Warwick-lane
London.
SPINNING MACHINERY.
FAIRBAIRN, KENNEDY, & NAYLOR -
HOWARD & BULLOUGH
LAWSON & SONS
Leeds.
Globe Works
Hope Foundry
- Accrington, Lancashire.
Leeds.

SPOOLING MACHINERY.
COATS, J. & P.
Ferguslie Thread Works
Paisley.
SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
279

Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
STEAM ENGINE FITTINGS.
COHNÉ, S. -
DENNIS, T. H. P., & Co.
PHOSPHOR BRONZE COMPANY, LI-
MITED
TURNER, C.
WIER, M. A.
STAMPING MACHINERY.
MASSEY, B. & S.
SLOPER, JOSEPH
13, Sise-lane
Anchor Ironworks
139, Cannon-street
3, Bugle-street
33, Abchurch-lane
6, King William-street, City
London.
Chelmsford.
London.
- Southampton.
London.
..
- Openshaw, Manchester.
London.
STEAM HAMMERS.
MASSEY, B. & S.
STEAM PUMPS.
FISON, J. P.
GWYNNE, J. & H.
GWYNNE & Co.
PICKERING, J.
STEAM ROAD ROLLERS.
AVELING & PORTER
STONE DRESSING MACHI-
NERY.
SHEARER, H.
Feversham Works
Hammersmith
Essex-street Works
Globe Works
ABO
Openshaw, Manchester.
· Cambridge.
London.
London.
- Stockton-on-Tees.
Rochester, Kent,
21, Great George-street, Westminster London.
STONE
BREAKING
NERY.
MACHI-
DUNSTON ENGINE WORKS Co.
AND
STREET
SWEEPING
SCRAPING MACHINERY.
SMITH & SONS
SUGAR MACHINERY.
MIRRLEES, TAIT, & WATSON
TAILORS' MACHINERY.
2
Gateshead-on-Tyne. ****
Barnard Castle, Durham.
Scotland-street Ironworks
- Glasgow
SANSON, R. B.
THRASHING
NERY.
87, Globe-road, Mile End-road
London.
MACH I-
FISON, J. P.
Feversham Works
Cambridge.、IDA
ན པ

280
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
AND
MACH I-
Ferguslie Thread Works
- Paisley.
THREAD WINDING
TICKETTING
NERY.
COATS, J. & P.
TOBACCO MACHINERY.
ANDREW, J. E. H.
TRACTION ENGINES.
AVELING & PORTER
WASHING AND IRONING MA-
CHINERY.
AIR BURNING CO., LIMITED
PULLINGER, C.
WEIGHING MACHINERY.
CLARKE & DUNHAM
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
WOOD WORKING
NERY.
ROBERTS, W.
Waterloo-road
118, Green-street
69, Mark-lane
Market-buildings, 28, Mark-lane
MACHI-
139, Derby-road
WOOL AND WORSTED WORK-
ING MACHINERY.
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
SMITH, J. & S.
Stockport.
- Rochester, Kent.
Glasgow.
- Selsey, near Chichester.
- London.
- London.
- Bootle, near Liverpool.
Low Bridge Works
Leeds.
- Keighley.
MAGIC LANTERN SLIDES.
MIDDLETON, T. J. -
YORK, F.
38, Little Queen-street, High Holborn London.
87, Lancaster-road, Notting-hill
London.
MALT.
PLUNKETT, J., & Co.
MANURES.
UNIVERSAL CHARCOAL & SEWAGE
COMPANY, LIMITED
MAPS, GLOBES, AND MAP EN-
GRAVING.
BARTHOLOMEW, J.
BRITISH & FOREIGN BLIND AS-
SOCIATION
PortlandWorks. Portland-street West Dublin.
5, High-street
Chambers-street
Manchester.
Edinburgh.
33, Cambridge-square, Hyde-park- London.
Be As Has the SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.HLI4923112
281
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
MAPS, GLOBES, AND MAP EN-
GRAVING—cont.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE
UNITED KINGDOM (A. C. RAMSAY,
LL.D., F.R.S., Director-General) | 28, Jermyn-street
JOHNSTON, W. & A. K.
ORDNANCE SURVEY OFFICE
RAVENSTEIN, E. G. -
WARD, M., & Co.
MARKING INK.
4, St. Andrew-square
10, Lower-road, Brixton
67, 88, Chandos-street, Strand
London.
**Edinburgh.
Southampton.
. London.
London.
MARINE ENGINES.
HICKISSON, M. A.
75, Southgate-road
- London.
Prospect Villa, Sydenham Hill
Bristol.
London.
HEWITT, W.
MATCHES.
BRYANT & MAY
MATHEMATICAL, SURVEYING,
MEASURING, AND OTHER
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS,
RULES, &c
ADAMS, W. M.
CASSELL, PETTER, & GALPIN
CLAY, R.
HICKS, J. J.
KIMPTON, T.
LYON, W.
WIER, M. A., & Co.
ZIMDARS, C. E.
MEAL.
HUNTER, J., & SON -
MEDALS AND DIE SINKING.
MORGAN, GEO.
WYON, J. S. & A. B.
ORTNER & HOULE
MILITARY EQUIPMENT.
CLARKE, CAPTAIN E. P.
FIRMIN & SONS, LIMITED
HENRY, A. -
SOPER, W.
TURNER, G., & Co. -
WEBLEY, P., & SON
MILLS, MILLSTONES,
AND
UTENSILS.
CLARKE & DUNHAM
Fairfield Works, Bow
Arundel Club, Salisbury-street, Strand London.
La Belle Sauvage Yard, Ludgate-hill London.
58,Finborough-road,South Kensington, London.
8, Hatton-garden
2 and 3, Barnard's Inn, Holborn
1, Cowper's-court, Cornhill
6, Kirby-street, Hatton-garden
28, Red Lion-square
- London.
London.
· London.
- London.
- London.
Wood Hall Mills, Juniper-green, near Edinburgh.
144, Finborough-road, West Bromp-
ton
287, Regent-street
3, St. James's street
6, Edward-street
155, Strand
12, South St. Andrew-street
23, Friar-street
95, Gracechurch-street
82, Weeman-street
- London.
. London.
Landon.
· Bath.
- London.
- Edinburgh.
- Reading.
London.
Birmingham.

CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
KAY & HILTON
69, Mark-lane
28, Market-buildings, Mark-lane
Bankhall-bridge
- London.
London.
Liverpool.
282 PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
MINING, QUARRYING, &c.
BAIRD, W., & Co.
HARDY PATENT PICK COMPANY,
LIMITED
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
HURD, F.
MACDERMOTT, M.
Gartsherrie Ironworks
Coatbridge, Scotland.
Mining Tool Works, Ecclesall-road- Sheffield.
43, Borough road, Southwark
Grove House
Scott's Chambers, 25 & 26, Pudding-
lane
London.
- Walton, near Wakefield.
London.
MODELS,
BRADFORD, W. H.
BRIERLEY, SONS, & REYNOlds
CLARKE, CAPTAIN E. P.
CLARK, L., STANDFIELD, & Co.
FISON, J. P.
FRANCIS & Co.
"GRAPHIC," THE PROPRIETORS OF
THE
GREEN, E., & SON
GÜMPEL, C. G.
GWYNNE, J. & H.
HANDYSIDES STEEP GRADIENT Co.,
LIMITED
HEWITT, W.
INMAN STEAMSHIP CO., LIMITED
JOHNSTON STILL COMPANY, LIMI-
TED
KERR, E.
Great Saughall
81A, Edgware-road
6, Edward-street
near Chester.
London.
6, Westminster Chambers, Victoria-
street
Feversham Works
Bridge Foot, Vauxhall
190, Strand
Economiser Works
49, Leicester-square
Hammersmith
. Bath.
- London.
- Cambridge.
- London.
London.
- Wakefield.
London.
London.
9, Victoria-chambers, Victoria-street London.
Prospect Villa, Sydenham Hill
22, Water-street
43, Dame-street
7,
. Bristol.
- Liverpool.
Dublin.
LOGAN, J. M.
MUNROE, W.
RAVENSTEIN, E. G.
ROBY, G., & Co.
SAXBY & FARMER
SIEMENS, C. W.
WALLACE & TUCKER
WELCH, A.-
ZOBEL, C. F. J.
MOULDS, MOULDINGS, &c.
ENGERT, A. C., & Co.
HIERONIMUS, W.
MUSEUMS, COLLECTIONS, AND
ART GALLERIES.
FETHERSTON, J. J.
Merville-terrace, Gilford-place,
North Strand
Chesterton-road
High-street
10, Low-road, Brixton
31, King-street
Kilburn
12, Queen Anne's-gate
3, Antrim-place
11, Bank-buildings,
Cattle Market
139, Euston-road
11 be-toneday
75, City-road
53, City-road
y.
2, Coppinger's-row-
Dublin.
Cambridge.
Wick, Caithness, Scotland.
- London.
- Wigan.
- London.
- London.
- Belfast.
Metropolitan
London.
London.
London.
- London.
Dublin.
MO SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS. Det er 283
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
MUSEUMS, &c.—cont.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE UNITED
KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND
IRELAND, A. C. Ramsay, LL.D.,
F.R.S., Director-General
ORDNANCE SURVEY OFFICE, Major-
General Cameron, R.E., C.B.,
Director-General -
SCIENCE AND ART DEPARTMENT,
28, Jermyn-street
P. Cunliffe Owen, C.B., Director - South Kensington Museum
MUSIC AND MUSICAL IN-
STRUMENTS.
AUGENER, G., & Co.
BESSON, F. -
BOOSEY & Co.
BRINSMEAD, J., & SONS
BROWNE, H. J.
HEAPS, J. K.
ROLA, V.
86, Newgate-street
198, Euston-road
295, Regent-street
18, Wigmore-street
237, 239, Euston-road
Folly Hall
London.
Southampton.
London.
London. AJ STO
· London.
London.
- London.
- London.
- Holbeck, Leeds.
London.
SMITH, G.
MUSLINS.
BARLOW & JONES, LIMITED
JOHNSON, J., & FILDES
SWAINSON, BIRLEY, & Co.
NAILS, SPIKES, SCREWS, &c.
BAKER, C., & SONS
FRANCIS, T., & Co.
PATENT NUT & BOLT COMPANY,
LIMITED
NATURAL HISTORY.
MURRAY, A.
WARD & Co.
22, Leinster-square, Bayswater
57, Victoria Park-road,South Hackney London.
2, Portland-street
44, Spring-gardens
42, Cheapside
98, Lichfield-street
Liverpool-street
London Works
Manchester.
Manchester.
London.
- Birmingham.
- Birmingham.
near Birmingham, ALAT
A
67, Bedford-gardens, Kensington
158, Piccadilly
London,
London.
48, Tollington-road, Holloway
· London.
نید
WHEELER, E.

NEEDLES, NEEDLE CASES, &c.
ENGLISH, J., & Co.
EVANS, D.
HAYES, CROSSLEY, & Co.
HEATH, W.-
KIRBY, BEARD, & Co.
MILWARD, H., & SONS
SMITH, J., & SON
SMITH, J. W.
SMITH & STARLEY
TURNER, R., & Co.
WOODFIELD, W., & SONS
Studley
153, Cheapside
Neveux Works, Crabb's Cross
18, Cannon-street
Astwood Bank
121, Belgrave-gate
Trafalgar Works
Old Factory
Easemore Works!
Feckenham, near Redditch.
Redditch.
London.
Redditch.
- London.
Redditch.
near Redditch.
Leicester.
Coventry.
Redditch.
Redditch.
281
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
NEWSPAPERS,
DOWSON, SUTHERLAND, & Co.
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS,
EDITOR OF
PALMER, S.
OAKUM.
Address of Exhibitor.
12, Fetter-lane
London.
198, Strand
London.
Park House, Grove-street,
Hackney
South
London.
LIVERPOOL SPUN OAKUM COM-
PANY
9, North John-street
- Liverpool.
OATMEAL.
MCCANN, J.
OILS, OIL CAKE.
ALLEN & HANBURY'S
CRAIG & ROSE
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE COM-
PANY
Beamond Mills
Plough-court, Lombard-street
Caledonian Works
Belmont Works, Battersea
- Drogheda, Ireland.
- London.
Edinburgh.
- London.
OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS, MI-
CROSCOPES, AND
TOYS.
BECK, R. & J.
CROUCH, H.
DALLMEYER, J. H.-
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA
Ross & Co.
SWIFT, J.
WHEELER, E.
PAINT BRUSHES.
BOWMAN, C.
CULMER, W., & SONS
OPTICAL
PAPER AND MATERIALS FOR
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER,
STATIONERY.
DUDGEON, A.
FLETCHER, R., & SON
FORD WORKS COMPANY, LIMITED
HARRINGTON, J., & Co.
JEFFREY & Co.
JOHNSON, J., & Co.
PIRIE, A., & SONS
SANDS BROTHERS & Co.
& Co.
WARD, M., & Co.
WATERSTON, G., & SONS
31, Cornhill
66, Barbican
19, Bloomsbury-street
Holborn Viaduct
7, Wigmore-street
43, University-street,
Court-road
Tottenham
48, Tollington-road, Holloway
6, King-street, Tower-hill
Hornsey-road
%
· London.
London.
London.
London.
- London.
- London.
London.
- London.
- London.
22, Great George-street, Westminster London.
Kersley Works
Union Works
64, Essex-rcad. Islington
"%
Stoneclough,nr. Manchester.
- Ford, near Sunderland,
Charterhouse Works, Sycamore-street
Stoneywood Works
Salford Chemical Works
67, 68, Chandos-street, Strand
56, Hanover-street
Durham.
Ryde, Isle of Wight,
London.

London.
Aberdeen.
Manchester.
- London.
Edinburgh

SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS, REED.om
285
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
PARAFFIN, PETROLEUM, &c.
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE COM-
PANY
Address of Exhibitor.
Belmont Works, Battersea
London.
PATENT AND PEAT FUEL.
20, Charterhouse-square
London.
22, Great George-street, Westminster London.
15, Oldfield-road, Stoke Newington - London.
DIXON, F.
DUDGEON, A.
MARRIOTT, ELIZABETH
PENS, PENHOLDERS, PENCILS,
AND PENCIL CASES.
HINKS, WELLS, & Co.
PERAMBULATORS.
THOMPSON, C,
PERFUMERY AND
REQUISITES.
ATKINSON, J. & E. ..
CROWN PERFUMERY CO.
ELRICK, C. G.
KENT, G. B., & Co.
Low, SON, & HAYDON
PERKS, S. -
TOILET
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE Co.
RIMMEL, E. -
THIELLAY, E. H.
PHOTOGRAPHS.
BARNARD, JOHN
BAUM, F.
BEAU, A.
Beauford & BRUCE
BEDFORD, W.
BOOL, A. & J.
BROWNRIGG, T. M. -
CAMERON, J. M., MRS.
COOPER, GEO., and Co.
CRAWSHAY, ROBERT
DALLAS, D. C.
DALLMEYER, J. H.
ENGLAND, W.
FOGERTY, W.
FRADELLE & MARSHALI,
GODBOLD, H. J.
HAIG, E. M.
HALL, H. E.
HANSON, W.
HEATH, V.
Buckingham-street Works
- Birmingham.
33, Newington Butts
24, Old Bond-street
40, Strand -
8, Aldermanbury Postern
11, Great Marlborough-street
148, Strand
High-street
Belmont Works, Battersea
96, Strand
Charing Cross Hotel
5, St. Mary's Buildings
St. Ann's-square
283, Regent-street
2, Nuns Island
326, Camden-road
86, Warwick-street, Pimlico
32, Lower Leeson-street
Mg
Elm Tree House, Aulaby-road
Cyfarthfa Castle, Merthyr Tydfil
362, Gray's Inn-road
19, Bloomsbury-street
7, St. James'-square, Notting-hill
23, Harcourt-street
230, Regent-street
Grand Parade
203, Regent-street -
44, Kingsland-park
Great George-street-
43, Piccadilly73-
London.
London.
· London.
London.
London.
· London.
- Hitchin, Herts.
- London.
- London.
London.
- Bedford.
Manchester.
- London.
Galway, Ireland.
- London. 4$1,9TDA
- London.
- Dublin.
LATE TRAN
- Freshwater, Isle of Wight.
- Hull.
· Glamorganshire.

London.
London.
London.
- Dublin.
London.
St. Leonards-on-Sea.
. London,
Dublin.
Leeds.
- London.
286
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-BRITISH SECTION.

Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
PHOTOGRAPHS cont.
HEDGES, D.
HENDERSON, A. L.
HUDSON, F.
JENNINGS, P.
KERR, E.
LEE & Co.
LEMERE, B.
藿
​LONDON STEREOSCOPIC & PHOTO-
GRAPHIC Co.
MANSELL, W. A., & Co.
NORMAN, C.
ROBINSON & CHERRILL
Ross & Co.
SLINGSBY, R.
TYPOGRAPHIC ETCHING CO.
WILSON, G. W., & Co.
YORK, F.
PINS, HAIR PINS, HOOKS AND
EYES, &c.
COOKE, BROS.
ENGLISH, J., & Co.
HAYES, CROSSLEY, & Co.
KIRBY, BEARD, & Co.
TAYLER, D. F., & Co.
7, Queen-street
49, King William-street, City
1, Regent-parade
1, Belgrave-place, Belgrave-square
7, Merville-terrace,
North Strand
9, Crockherbtown
147, Strand
Gilford-place,
110 and 108, Regent-street
2, Percy-street
Graphic Villa
The New Public Buildings
7, Wigmore-street, Cavendish-sq.
168, High-street
23, Farringdon-street
24, Crown-street
87, Lancaster-road, Notting-hill
65a, Constitution-hill
153, Cheapside
18, Cannon-street
New Hall Works
Lytham, Lancashire.
- London.
- Ventnor, Isle of Wight.
Rathmines, Dublin.
- Dublin.
- Cardiff, Wales.
London
London.
London.
- Tunbridge Wells, Kent.
- Tunbridge Wells, Sussex.
. London.
Lincoln.
. London.
- Aberdeen.
- London.
Birmingham.
- Feckenhain, near Redditch.
- London.
· London.
*
· Birmingham.
PIPES, TOBACCO (CLAY).
DAVIDSON, T., JUN., & Co.
33 and 41, Garngad-hill
- Glasgow.
PISCICULTURE.
39, Bloomsbury-street
- London.
HOARE, J.
PLANTS, GRASS, AND FLOWER
SEEDS.
SUTTON & SONS
VEITCH, J. & SONS
WATERER, ANTHONY
WILLIAMS, B. S.
PLATINUM, PALLADIUM, AND
OTHER RARE METALS.
JOHNSON, MATTHEY, & Co.
PLAYING CARDS.
GOODALL, C., & SON
PLOUGHS.
FISON, J. P.
Royal Berkshire Seed Establishment, Reading.
Royal Nursery, King's road, Chelsea, London.
Knap-hill Nursery, Woking
Victoria and Paradise Nurseries,
Upper Holloway.
78, Hatton-garden-
Surrey.
London.

London.
24, Great College-street,Camden Town London.
Feversham Works
- Cambridge.
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SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS. ALT
287
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
PNEUMATIC APPARATUS, &c.
BOYLE, ROBERT M., & SON
WIER, M. A.
ZIMDARS, C. E.
100, Mitchell-street-
33, Abchurch-lane
28, Red Lion-square
Address of Exhibitor.

- Glasgow.
- London.
London.
POLISHING POWDERS, PASTES,
&c.
OAKEY, J., & SONS
Wellington Works,
Bridge-road
Westminsters A
London.
STAR PLATE AND UNIVERSAL POLISH-
Gracechurch-street -
London.
ING POWDER COMPANY
POPLINS.
PIM BROTHERS & Co.
PRESERVED PROVISIONS AND
CONSERVES.
ALLEN, F., & SONS
BALL, J.
CHAPMAN, E., & Co.
CLIFF, J.
CROSSE & BLACKWELL
GEYELIN & Co.
HOOKER, J.
LEDGER, H., & Co.
NICOLL, D.
PATCHITT, E. C.
SCHNEIDER, E. A.
STEVENS, T.
1
PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS
IN FEEDING
MACHINES.
SAINTY, J. & B.
PRINTING.
22, William-street
Canal-road, Mile End-road
12, Duke-street, Grosvenor-square
10, Duke-street, Portland-place
5, Dungeon-street
Soho-square-
Belgrave House, Argyle-square
104, Upper Thames-street
- Dublin.
London.
· London.
· London.
- Halifax.
London.
London.
London.
61, 63, Lant-street, Borough
15, Clement's Inn
London.
London.
4, Cambria-villas, Chesterton-road
46, Hope-street
Ilkeston-road
THRESHING
Alpha Works
AUGENER, G., & Co.
BRADBURY, AGNEW, & Co.
BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND ASSO-
CIATION
DICKINSON & HIGHAM
DOWSON, SUTHERLAND & Co., LIMI-
TED
GOODALL, C., & Son
"GRAPHIC," THE
OF THE
....
PROPRIETORS
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JOHNSON, EDMUND -
JOHNSON, J. M., & SONS, LIMI-
TED
NORTON & SHAW
86, Newgate-street.
Bouverie-street
33, Cambridge-square, Hyde Park
73, Farringdon-street
12, Fetter-lane
24, Great College-street,
Town
190, Strand
198, Strand
3, Castle-street, Holborn
Nottingham.
Cambridge.ga
Wrexham, Wales.
Wisbeach, Cambridgeshire.
- London.
. London.
AV
London. IVIKOLA
London. fi dotikali

London.
Camden 53 37310 401
· London. »
London, E10 PALOS
- London.igs?
London.
London.
3, Castle-street, Holborn
London.
7, Garrick-street
288
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
3
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
PRINTING cont.
PALMER, S.
PRICE & Co.
SUNDAY SCHOOL UNION
WARD & Co., MARCUS
PRINTING TYPES, LOGOTYPES,
AND MACHINERY, STAMPS, &c.
BEATTY, F. S.
BOWMAN, C.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
LILLY, J., & Co.
SHAW, W.
STEPHENSON, BLAKE, & Co.
TOMLINE COLONEL -
WALTER, J., M.P.
Park House, Grove-street, South
Hackney
- London.
Bloomsbury.
56, Old Bailey
- London.
67, 68, Chandos-street, Strand
. London.
36, Great Russell-street
5, Aston's-quay
6, King-street, Tower-hill
Albion Mills
172, St. John's-street, Clerkenwell
3, Sheldon-street, Bayswater
Carlton-terrace
"Times" Office, Printing House-
square
- Dublin.
London.
Leeds.
London.
. London.
Sheffield.
· London.
· London.
PULLEY BLOCKS.
LACEY, R. G.
PICKERING, J.
Coast Guard Station
Globe Works
WETHERED, E. R.
PULVERIZING MACHINE.
KIMBERLEY, N. G. -
PUMPS AND
GINES.
11, Great St. Helen's
PUMPING
EN-
- Leigh, Essex.
Stockton-on-Tees.
Woolwich, Kent.
London.
ADAIR & Co.
Neptune-street
· Liverpool.
GWYNNE, J. & H.
GWYNNE & Co.
HAYNES, T., & SONS
KERR, E.
PICKERING, J.
229, Edgware-road
7, Merville-terrace,
North Strand
Globe Works
Hammersmith
London.
Essex-street Works -
London.
London.
Gilford-place,
Dublin.
Stockton-on-Tees.

PUNCHING AND
SHEARING
MACHINERY.
BEESLEY & SONS
Abbey-road Boiler Works
Barrow-in-Furness.
Leeds.の
​NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
QUILLS AND QUILL PENS.
STEPHENS, H. C._____
QUILTS, QUILTINGS, &c.
PEARSON, T., & SON
RAILS, RAILWAY PLANT, CAR-
RIAGES, SIGNALS, &c.
BRIERLEY, SONS, & REYNOLDS
PATENT NUT & BOLT CO., LIMITED
171, Aldersgate-street
54, Church-street
81A, Edgware-road
London Works
- London.

Manchester.
. London.
near Birmingham.a

SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
289
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
RAILS, RAILWAY PLANT, &c.
cont.
SAXBY & FARMER
Canterbury-road, Kilburn
London.
SEATON, W.
19, Salisbury-street, Strand-
London.
WELCH, ALFRED
11,
Bank-buildings, Metropolitan
Cattle Market
London.
ondon.
WEST CUMBERLAND IRON & Steel
Co., LIMITED
WILLIAMS, R. P.
ZIMDARS, C. E.
Workington, Cumberland.
9, Great George-street, Westminster - London.
28, Red Lion-square
London.
REFRIGERATORS
AND
ICE
SAFES.
LAWRENCE & Co.
STIFF, J., & SONS
ROBY, G.
ROCK DRILLING MACHINE.
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
SADDLERY AND HARNESS.
HAWKINS BROS. (late J. HALE
& Co.)
HUDSON, S.-
POLLOCK, SYDNEY
SWAINE & ADENEY
SALT.
CORBETT, J., M.P. -
HIGGINS, T., & Co. -
SANITARY APPARATUS,
SANITARY POTTERY,
WATER-CLOSETS, &c.
BATES, WALKER, & Co.
DEAN, II.
BROWNE, WESTHEAD, MOORE, &
Co.
GREENWAY, H.
HOLLAND, W. T.
JENNINGS, George
22, St. Mary Axe
High-street, Lambeth
31, King-street
43, Borough-road, Southwark
Hatherton Works
65, Dawson-street
72, Lancaster-road, Notting-hill
185, Piccadilly
Stoke Prior Salt Works
33, Tower-buildings -
London.
- London.
- Wigan.
- London.
Walsall.
. Dublin.
. London.
London.

Worcestershire.
West Liverpool.
LINDSAY & ANDERSON
STIFF, J., & SONS
ZIMDARS, C. E.
SCREW CUTTING MACHINE.
HEAP, J., & Co., LIMITED
SCREW PROPELLERS AND FIT-
TINGS.
HEWITT, W.
VANSITTART, HENRIETTA
Dale Hall Works
Cauldon-place, Staffordshire Potteries.
Southam
Ham-street
Palace Wharf, Stangate
Lilliehill Works
High-street, Lambeth
28, Red Lion-square
Lee-street
Burslem.com
- Rugby, Warwickshire.
- Plymouth.
strunj
Llanelly, South Wales.
- London.
- Dunfermline, Scotland.
London.
London.
Oldham.
Prospect Villa, Sydenham Hill
2, Montpelier-row
Bristol.
Twickenham, Middlesex.
T
36714.

290
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
SEWAGE, TREATMENT
AND
PRODUCTS.
UNIVERSAL CHARCOAL & SEWAGE
COMPANY, LIMITED
5, High-street
Address of Exhibitor.
Manchester.
SEWING MACHINES.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
KIMBALL & MORTON
SMITH & STARLEY
WILSON, NEWTON, & Co.
SHEEP AND GARDEN SHEARS,
WILKINSON, W., & SONS
SHIP MODELS, SIGNALS,
SHEATHING, MACHINERY,
IRON WORK, &c.
GÜMPEL, C. G.
HEWITT, W.
HILL & CLARK
INMAN STEAMSHIP CO., LIMITED
LACEY, R.
SAINTY, J. & B.
TUCKER & WALLACE
TURNER, C.
VANSITTART, HENRIETTA
ZIMDARS, C. E. ONE
SILK MACHINERY.
STEVENS, T.
SILK, RAW, YARN, SEWING
Albion Works
80, Bishop-street
Trafalgar Works
144, High Holborn
Spring Works
49, Leicester-square
Prospect Villa, Sydenham Hill
Leeds.
Anderston, Glasgow.
- Coventry.
6, Westminster Chambers, Victoria-
street
22, Water-street
Coast Guard Station
Alpha Works
3, Antrim-place
3, Bugle-street
2, Montpelier-row
28, Red Lion-square
20, Warwick-lane
1
London.
Grimesthorpe, Sheffield.
London.
Bristol.
London.
Liverpool.
- Leigh, Essex.
Wisbeach, Cambridgeshire.
- Belfast.
- Southampton.
Twickenham, Middlesex.
. London.
London; and Coventry.
ADAMS & Co.
SILK, CORD, &c.
CLAYTON,
MARSDENS,
& Co., LIMITED -{\"{
MILNER, W., & SONS LI
RICKARDS, C, A.-J
C.
WARD, A., & Co.
5, New-street, Bishopsgate-street
London.
HOLDEN,
Wellington Mills
Halifax.
Union-street
Leek, Staffordshire.
Bell Busk Mills
Albion Mills
near Leeds.
Leek, Staffordshire.
SILKS AND VELVETS, MIXED
GOODS, SILK LACE, SHAWLS,
&c.
BRIGG, J. F., & Co.o
FARMER & ROGERS
FRENCH & Co.
HILDITCH, G. & J. B.
HUMBERT, H.
NORRIS & CO.
171, 173, 175, Regent-street
St. Mary's Mills
11 and 12, Cheapside
30, Barbican
124, Wood-street
KIRO
Huddersfield.
. London.

* Norwich.ORTWRIOR
- London.
London.
· London.numer

⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀ SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS, ZĀLAI
291
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
SILKS, VELVETS, &c.-cont.
PIM BROTHERS & Co.
SHELDON & FENTON
STEVENS, T.
WELCH, MARGETSON, & Co.
WILD, J.
SKINS, FURS, AND LEATHER,
LEATHER GOODS.
ANGUS, G., & Co.
BENNETT, T., & SON
BUSSEY, G. G., & Co.
EDINBURGH
WESTERN TANNING
CO., LIMITED
HARRINGTON, J., & Co.
HOE, R., & Sons
HOOPER, CLEEVE, JUNIOR
HOOPER, CLEEVE, W., & SONS
MARLING & Co.
PUCKRIDGE, F., & NEPIDEW
PULLMAN, R. & J.
WARD, MARCUS, & Co.
WILSON, WALKER, & Co.
SLATE
SLATE.
AND
CWMORTHIN
LIMITED -
ENAMELLED
SLATE COMPANY,
PEN-YR-ORSEDD SLATE
SLATE QUARRY
COMPANY, LIMITED
SMALL WARES, SUCH AS BUT-
TONS,
STUDS,
BUCKLES, CLASPS,
AND EYES.
LINKS,
22, William-street
Address of Exhibitor.
12, King-street, Cheapside
20, Warwick-lane
16, 17, Cheapside
Greenfield Mill
10, Thomas-street
- Dublin.
- London.
and Coventry.
London; an
- London.
Shaw, near Oldham.
-
Liverpool.
70, Turnmill-street, Farringdon-road London.
Museum Works, Rye-lane, Peckham London.
135, West Port
Union Works
44, Leadenhall-street
- Edinburgh.
- Ryde, Isle of Wight. ***
London.
6, 7, 8, New Weston-street, Bermond-
sey
51, Weston-street, Bermondsey
Ebley and Stanley Mills
530, 534, Kingsland-road
17, Greek-street, Soho
67, 68, Chandos-street, Strand
Sheepscar Works
- London.
- London.VED IN
Stroud, Gloucester.
London.
- London.

- London. *NGAR #Jenad
Leeds.
Portmadoc, North Wales.
Carnarvon, North Wales.
BAKER, C., & SONS
FENTON, J.
SMITH, J., & SON
TAYLER, D. F., & Co.
SOAP.
ATKINSON, J. & E. -
COHNÉ, S.
FIELD, J. C. & J.
Low, SON, & HAYDON
MARRISON, R. D.
PEARS, A. & F.
PRICE'S PATENT
PANY
RIMMEL, E.
HOOKS
CANDLE COM-
98, Lichfield-street
74, Great Hampton-street
Astwood Bank*****
New Hall Works
thang did
24, Old Bond-street
13, Sise-lane
Lambeth Marsh
148, Strand
Great Orford-street
91, Great Russell-street
Belmont Works, Battersea
96, Strand -
Birmingham. Tmz0
Birmingham.**LÁDOT
near Redditch.olomon
Birmingham. A menuI
J. M. au
- London.
London.
London.
- London.
- Norwich.
London.
- London.
London.
T 2

292
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
SPINNING MACHINERY AND
ACCESSORIES.
AMBLER, W.
BOOTH, H., & Co.
Address of Exhibitor.
17, Elizabeth-street
Edward-street
Bradford.
- Preston.
FAIRBAIRN, KENNEDY, & NAY-
LOR
HOWARD & BULLOUGH
LAWSON, S., & SONS
Globe Works
Hope Foundry
Low Bridge Works
- Leeds.
- Accrington, Lancashire.
- Leeds.
Keighley.
SMITH, J. & S.
SPOOLING
AND THREAD-
WINDING MACHINE.
COATS, J. & P.
SPRINGS.
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLISON,
& Co.
STARCH, STARCH PRODUCTS,
AND FIREPROOF STARCH.
NICOLL, D.
STEAM CRANES AND HOISTS.
APPLEBY BROTHERS
AVELING & PORTER
STEAM ENGINE AND OTHER
BOILERS AND GENERATORS.
BRECHIN, J. B.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
GALLOWAY, W. & J., & SONS
GRAHAM & Co.
STEAM
ENGINE
FORGINGS, &c.
FITTINGS,
COHNÉ, S.
& Co.
DENNIS, T. H. P., & Co.
MONCRIEFF, J.uni
PHOSPHOR BRONZE CO., LIMITED
"TURNER, C.
WIER, M. A.
Carlisle Works
15, Clements Inn
Emerson-street, Southwark
- Paisley.
Sheffield.
Bi
London.
2
London.
Rochester, Kent.
45, Commercial-street
Knott Mill Ironworks
- Dundee.
- Colchester, Essex.
Manchester.
Premier Boiler Works, Premier-road Halifax.
13, Sise-lane
Anchor Ironworks
North British Glass Works
139, Cannon-street
3, Bugle-street
33, Abchurch-lane
London.
Chelmsford, Essex..
Perth, Scotland.
London.
- Southampton.
London.
STEAM
ENGINES,
LOCOMO-
TIVES, AND TRACTION EN-
GINES.
AVELING & PORTER
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
GREEN, E., & SON
MOY, THOMAS
RANSOMES, SIMS, & HEAD
Economiser Works
37, Farringdon-street
Orwell Works
40%
Rochester, Kent.
Colchester, Essex.
Wakefield.
London.
Ipswich.
:


**SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
293
10
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
STEAM HAMMERS, STAMPS,
AND STRIKERS.
MASSEY, B. & S.
Openshaw
Address of Exhibitor.
Manchester.
STEAM PUMPS, AND INJEC-
TORS.
FISON, J. P.
GWYNNE, J. & H.
GWYNNE & Co.
PICKERING, J.
STEAM ROAD ROLLERS.
AVELING & PORTER
STEEL.
BROWN & Co., JOHN, LIMITED
CAMMELL, C., & Co., LIMITED
GREAT WESTERN IRON CO., LIMI-
TED
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLISON,
& Co.
JESSOP, W., & SONS, LIMITED
SIEMENS, C. W.
WEST CUMBERLAND IRON & STEEL
Co., LIMITED
STEEL RAILS, TYRES, CAST-
INGS, FORGINGS, SPINDLES,
SHUTTERS,
GOODS.
AND OTHER
Feversham Works
Hammersmith
Essex-street Works
Globe Works
Atlas Works
Cyclops Works
Soudley
Carlisle Works
Park and Brightside Works -
12, Queen Anne's-gate
GREAT WESTERN IRON CO., LIMITED Soudley
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLIson,
& Co.
HOUGHTON, W.D. -
WARD & PAYNE
STOKERS (MECHANICAL).
SMITH, DILLWYN
STONE DRESSING MACHINES,
STONE
CHINES.
BREAKING MA-
DUNSTON ENGINE WORKS COM-
PANY
SHEARER, H.
STONE, STONEWARE, MARBLE
WORK, &c.
BESSBROOK GRANITE WORKS
BROOKE, E., & SONS
BROWNFIELD, W., & SON
CAMPBELL, HUGH, & SON
DEAN, H.
DOOLIN, WALTER
Carlisle Works
Cambridge.
London.
· London.
Stockton-on-Tees.
Rochester, Kent.
Sheffield.
- Sheffield.
Newnham.

Sheffield.
Sheffield.
London.
Workington, Cumberland.
Newnham.
Sheffield, ove
- Warrington.
Sheffield.
-
Friars Green Mill
West-street
153, Duke-street
Liverpool.
Gateshead-on-Tyne.
21, Great George-street, Westminster- London. A 16 senty
Field House
WONTAKT OTA
Bessbrook, Ireland.
Newry Granite Polishing Works,
New
Moor Quarries
23, Westland-row
- Huddersfield.
Cobridge, Staffordshire.
Newry.
- Dublin.
Southam, Rugby.

294
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
STONE, STONEWARE, &c:-cont.
DOULTON, H., & Co.
DOULTON & WATTS
GREAT NORTH OF SCOTLAND GRA-
NITE CO., LIMITED
HUNTER, J.
LINDLEY, R. C.
MACDONALD, A., FIELD, & Co.
PRICE, J. & C., & BROTHERS
SHEARER, SMITH, & Co.
STIFF, J., & SONS
STOVES, RANGES, AND GRATES,
FENDERS, AND FIRE-IRONS,
BARNARD, BISHOP, AND BARNARDS
CLOUGH, S. W.
DOULTON & Co.
FEETHAM, M., & Co.
М.,
GREGORY, J.
HEAPS & WHEATLEY
KERR, E.
PERKINS, A. M., & SONS
SMART, T. W.
STEEL & GARLAND
THORNTON, E.
STRAW PLAIT AND FINISHED
Address of Exhibitor.

63, High-street, Lambeth
Lambeth Pottery, Lambeth
209, King-street
Aberdeen Granite Works
69, Victoria-street
21, Great George-street
High-street, Lambeth
Norfolk Ironworks
Stanningley -
48, High-street, Lambeth
9, Clifford-street
South Park
London. IATA (LA
London.
Peterhead, Scotland.
Aberdeen.
Mansfield, Nottingham.
Aberdeen.
- Bristol.
London.
- London. LOI MAHETA
Norwich.
near Leeds.
- London.
- London.
- Lincoln.
· Brotherton,
Normanton,
Yorkshire.
84, Talbot-street
Seaford-street, Regent's-square, Gray's
Inn-road
Dublin.
London.
Queens-road, Buckhurst Hill
- London.
Wharncliffe Works
. Sheffield.
12, Richmond-road
- Bradford.
ARTICLES.
HUMBERT, H. ⠀
30, Barbican
. London.
STREET SWEEPING
AND
SCRAPING MACHINE.
SMITH, W., & SONS
SUGAR MACHINERY.
MIRRLEES, TAIT, & WATSON
SURGICAL AND MEDICAL IN-
STRUMENTS AND APPLI-
ANCES.
GLASGOW APOTHECARIES Co.
HAYWOOD, J. S.
Barnard Castle, Durham.
Scotland-street Ironworks
Glasgow.
LANG, J. & J.
LEE, R. J., DR..
LYNCH & Co. Tibbuid
MAYER & MELTZER
PULVERMACHER, I. L.
REIN, F. C., MRS.
REIN, F. C., & SON
34, Virginia-street
Castle Gate -
gate-street-
4, Savile-row
13, Charterhouse-buildings, Alders-
171A, Aldersgate-street
71, Great Portland-street
194, Regent-street
108, Strand
108, Strand
Glasgow.
Nottingham.
London.
-
London.
London.
London.
London.
- London.
London.

SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
295
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
TABLE FOUNTAINS.
Address of Exhibitor.
STORER, J.
TAILORS' MACHINERY.
SANSON, R. B.
TANNING MATERIAL.
HOOPER, CLEEVE, W., & SONS
Sands Bros. & Co.
TAPESTRY,
HALL, T.
TELEGRAPHIC
APPARATUS
AND MATERIALS.
INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA,
AND TELEGRAPH WORKS Co.,
LIMITED
SIEMENS Brothers
TELEGRAPHIC CONSTRUCTION AND
MAINTENANce Co.
WIER, M. A.
TERRA-COTTA WORK.
#..
BROOKE, E., & SONS
DOULTON, H., & Co.
HOLLAND, W. T.
JENNINGS, G.
JOHNSON & Co.
LINDSAY & ANDERSON
MATTHEWS, J.
MAW & Co.
REYNOLDS, J. G.
STIFF, J., & SONS
TINWORTH, G.
WATCOMBE TERRACOTTA Co.,
LIMITED
WOOD & IVERY
THRASHING MACHINES.
FISON, J. P
TICKETTING MACHINE.
COATS, J. & P.
TILES, ENCAUSTIC,
OTHERS.
BROWNHILLS POTTERY Co.
AND
CAMPBELL BRICK & TILE COM-
PANY
COLTHURST, SYMONDS, & Co.
Cox & SONS
CRAVEN, DUNNILL, & Co., LI-
MITED POLY
Stamford Brook, Hammersmith
それ
​87, Globe-road, Mile End-road
netwolf padalo (
51, Weston-street, Bermondsey
Salford Chemical Works
8, George-streetil
100, Cannon-street
12, Queen Anne's-gate
38, Old Broad-street.
33, Abchurch-lane
Field House -
સા
63, High-street, Lambeth
Palace Wharf, Stangate
Ditchling Potteries
Lilliehill Works
Royal Pottery
Benthall Works
9, Old Ford-road
High-street, Lambeth
122, Hill-street, Walworth
Albion Brick Works
Feversham Works
Ferguslie Thread Works
Middlesex. eaka ah yen d
London.
- London.
· Manchester.
- Edinburgh.
London.
London.
- London.
· London.
Huddersfield.
- London.
- Llanelly, South Wa.es.
- London.
- Sussex.
Dunfermline, Scotland.
- Weston-super-Mare, Somer
* p*ry setshire,
- Broseley, Shropshire.
London.
London.
London.
Torquay, South Devon.
- West Bromwich, Stafford-
shire.
- Cambridge.
- Paisley.
- Tunstall, Staffordshire.
Stoke-on-Trent.
Bridgwater, Somerset.
28, 29, 31, Southampton-street, Strand London.
- Jackfield Works
near Ironbridge, Salop.
**

296
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
TILES, ENCAUSTIC, &c.—cont.
EASTWOOD & Co., LIMITED
GIBBS & MOORE
HOLLAND, W. T.
JOHNSON & Co.
MATTHEWS, E.
MAW & Co.
MINTON, HOLLINS, & Co.
MINTON'S CHINA WORKS
STANLEY BROTHERS
STIFF, J., & SONS
TIN, TIN AND
TERN E
PLATES, TIN WORK, TIN
FOIL.
ASH & LACY
Address of Exhibitor.

Wellington, Wharf, Belvedere-road,
Lambeth
89, Southampton-row
Ditchling Potteries
377, Oxford-street
Benthall Works
Midland Tile Works
High-street, Lambeth
London.
- London.
- Llanelly, North Wales.
Sussex.
- London.
- Broseley, Salop.
- Stoke-on-Trent.
- Stoke-on-Trent.
- Nuneaton, Warwickshire..
- London.
BALDWIN, E. P. & W.
Governor & COMPANY OF COPPER
MINERS IN ENGLAND
MOREWOOD, E., & Co.
NASH, H., & Co.
SWANSEA TIN PLATE CO.
HATTON, SONS, & Co.
TISSUE PAPER.
Meriden-street
Wilden Works
Cwm Avon Works
Coleridge House
Birmingham.
near Stourport, Worcestershire.
12 and 14, Tower-buildings North,
Water-street
Swansea Tin Plate Works
Broadwater Works
- Taibach, Glamorganshire,
South Wales.
Swansea.
- Liverpool.
Swansea.
· Kidderminster.
FLETCHER, R., & SONS
Kersley Works
TOBACCO MACHINERY.
ANDREW, J. E. H. -
Waterloo-road
TOOLS, EDGE TOOLS, AND
OTHERS.
Addis, J. B., & SONS
Arctic Works
BAKER, W.-
10, Pembroke-street, Bingfield-street,
Caledonian-road.
BECK, R. & J.
BROOKS & COOPER
31, Cornhill -
Mousehole Forge
- Stoneclough,nr. Manchester.
Stockport, Cheshire.
Sheffield,
London.
Sheffield.
Frome, Somerset.
FUSSELL, J., SONS, & Co.
HARDY PATENT PICK COMPANY,
LIMITED -
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLISON,
& Co.
HEAP, J., & Co., LIMITED
PHOSPHOR
LIMITED
BRONZE
PULLINGER, C.
Mining Tool Works, Ecclesall-road - Sheffield.
Carlisle Works
Lee-street
COMPANY,
- Sheffield.
WARD & PAYNE
WILLS, A. W.
WOODFIELD, W., & SONS
WRIGHT, P., & SONS
139, Cannon-street
West-street
Park Mills
Easemore Works
Constitution Hill Works
- Oldham.

London,
- Selsey,nearChichester,Sussex.
Sheffield.
Nechells, Birmingham.
· Redditch.
Dudley, Worcestershire.

SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
297
:.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
TRAVELLING
ARTICLES,
TRUNKS, &c.
BLISS, W., & SONS -
BUSSEY, G. G., & Co.
HEPWORTH, B., & SON
HOE, R., & SONS
TUBES, TUBE EXPANDERS
AND SCRAPER.
BROOKS, H., &. Co.
CLAY, K.
Address of Exhibitor.
Chipping Norton, Oxford-
shire.
Museum Works, Rye-lane, Peckham London.
New Wakefield Mill-
44, Leadenhall-street
Dewsbury, Yorkshire.
- London.
31, Cumberland-market
London.
58, Finborough-road, South Kensing-
ton
London.
PHOSPHOR
LIMITED
BRONZE COMPANY,
139, Cannon-street
London.
UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS.
DAVIS & WILSON
MARTIN, W. H.
SANGSTER & Co.
SWAINE & ADENEY
VARNISHES.
ADAMS, J.
MACKAY, J.
ROWNEY, G., & Co.
TURNER, C., & SON
WILLIAMS, M.
VICES, ANVILS, &c.
BROOKS & COOPER
WRIGHT, P., & SONS
WASHING AND IRONING MA-
CHINES AND FLUIDS.
AIR BURNING COMPANY, LIMITED
PULLINGER, C.
WATER SUPPLY, APPARATUS
AND FITTINGS, WATER
BOILING APPARATUS,
WATER METERS.
DENNIS, T. H. P., & Co.
GRAHAM & Co.
HEAPS & WHEATLEY
KIMPTON, T.Unda
STOCKMAN, B. P., C
C.E.
THORNTON, E.
WIER, M. A.
WRIGHT, W.
ZIMDARS, C. E.
Sun-street, West
64 and 65, Burlington Arcade, Pic-
cadilly
140, Regent-street
185, Piccadilly
Victoria Park
119, George-street
52, Rathbone-place
7, Broad-street, Bloomsbury
Britannia Varnish Works
Mousehole Forge
Constitution Hill Works
118, Green-street
Anchor Ironworks.
217
Birmingham.
London.
London.
London.
Sheffield.
Edinburgh.
- London.
- London.
Wigan.
Sheffield.
- Dudley.
Glasgow.
- Selsey, near Chichester,
Sussex.
Chelmsford.
Premier Boiler Works, Premier-road Halifax.
2 and 3, Barnard's Inn, Holborn
3, Poets' Corner -
12, Richmond-road
33, Abchurch-lane
Vulcan Foundry -
28, Red Lion-square
Brotherton,
Yorkshire.
- London.
Normanton,
- Westminster Abbey.
Bradford.
- London.
Coatbridge, Scotland.
London.
1.


298
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. BRITISH SECTION.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
WATERPROOF ARTICLES.
TURNER, G., & Co.
* WELLOCK, J., & Co.
WAX AND WAX CANDLES,
SEALING WAX.
BLACKWOOD, J., & Co.
FIELD, J. C., & J.
LOVEY, E.
LYONS, W. -
Address of Exhibitor.
94, Gracechurch-street
62 and 64, Broom-street
18, Bread-street-hill -
Lambeth Marsh
Park-street
London.
· Bradford.
. London.
- London.
Ponsnooth, Perran-ar-wor-
thal, Cornwall.
Manchester.
STEPHENS, H. C.
MACHINES.
WATERSTON, G., & SON
WEIGHTS AND
CLARKE & DUNHAM
171, Aldersgate-street
56, Hanover-street
- London.
- Edinburgh.
WEIGHING
69, Mark-lane
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
28, Market-buildings, Mark-lane
London.
London.
WHEAT.
DELF, CAPTAIN
Great Bentley
Colchester.
WHEEL CLEANING MA-
CHINE.
AMBLER, W.
WHIPS AND WALKING
STICKS.
DAVIS & WILSON
17, Elizabeth-street
- Bradford.
MARTIN, W. H.
Sun-street, West
64, 65, Burlington Arcade
185, Piccadilly
Birmingham.
London.
London.
SWAINE & ADENEY
WINES, SPIRITS, CIDER,
PERRY, &c.
BERNARD & Co.
BURKE, E. & J.
CORK DISTILLERIES Co.
The Distillery
16, Bachelor's Walk
- Leith.
- Dublin.
-
GOODALL, BACKHOUSE, & Co.
GRANT, T.
JOHNSON
MITED
STILL COMPANY, LI-
MOTT & Co.
MUIR, JAMES, & SON
PENDOCK BROTHERS
RICHARDSON, EARP, & SLATER
WIRE AND WIREWORK.
WIRE
BROWN, J. B., & Co.
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
EDGE & SONS
Boar-lane
Distillery
Rye Vale Distillery
18, Galltree-gate
Calton Hill Brewery
Queen-street Wharf
Trent and Northgate Brewery
90, Cannon-street
.....
-wf-28, Market-buildings, Mark-lane
Coalport Works
GREENING, N., & SONS
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLISON,
& Co.
Carlisle Works
Friars Green Mill
HOUGHTON, W. D.
Cork.
Leeds.
A Ú KABANA
A
- Maidstone, Kent.

Leixlip, near Dublin.
Leicester.
- Edinburgh.
Bristol.
Newark-on-Trent.

- London.
London.
- Shlfnal, Shropshire.
- Warrington.
Sheffield.
- Warrington.

SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS.
299
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
WIRE AND WIREWORK-cont.
PHOSPHOR BRONZE
LIMITED
SMITH, F., & Co.
TAYLER, D. F., & Co.
COMPANY,
139, Cannon-street
Caledonia Works
New Hall Works
WARRINGTON WIRE ROPE WORKS 32, Redcross-street
WOODWORK, AND
WORKING MACHI-
Address of Exhibitor.
London.
- Halifax.
- Birmingham.
- Liverpool.
WOOD,
WOOD
NERY.
BULLIVANT, T.
EDWARDS, G.
KEITH & Co.
ROBERTS, W.
WOOL, WOOLLEN, AND WOR-
STED YARNS.
BOWES, J. L., & BROTHER
MILL HILL, WOOL AND RAG EX-
TRACTING COMPANY, LIMITED
SMITH, D., & Co., LIMITED
WOOL AND WORSTED WORK-
ING MACHINERY.
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
SMITH, J. & S.
WOOLLEN, WORSTED,
MIXED FABRICS.
ANDREWS, H., & Co.
BIRCHALL, J. D., & Co.
BLISS, W., & SONS
BRIGG, J. F., & Co.
BUBB & Co.
• BUCKLEY, J., & Co.
BUCKLEY, J. E. & G. F.
CARR, I., & Co.
DAVIES, R., & SONS
HARGREAVE & NUSSEYS
HEPWORTH, B., & SON
HOOPER, C., & Co.
KING, W.
LITTLE, J. W., & Co.
MAHONY, M., & BROTHERS -
MARLING, G., & Co.
MCGEE, J. G., & Co.
104, Ledbury-road, Bayswater
- London.
149, Brompton-road
6, Denmark-street, Soho
139, Derby-road
11, Dale-street
Mill Hill Works
Kensington Works
Low Bridge Works
AND
29, Albion-street
Wellington and Burley Mills
Southfield Mills
Moorcroft Mills
Linfitt Mills
Twerton Mills
Stonehouse Mills
Farnley Low Mills
New Wakefield Mills
Eastington Mills
Gilroyd and Albert Mills
3, Camden Quay
Ebley and Stanley Mills
30, 32, 34, High-street
Home Mills
. London.
- London.
- Bootle, near Liverpoo..
- Liverpool.
- Huddersfield.
- Halifax.
Leeds.
- Keighley, Yorkshire.
- Leeds.
Leeds.
Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire.
- Huddersfield.
near Stroud.
Delph, near Manchester.
- Delph, near Manchester.
- Bath.
· Gloucestershire.
- Leeds.
- Dewsbury.
- Stonehouse, Gloucestershire.
Morley, near Leeds.
- Leeds.
- Cork.
- Stroud, Gloucestershire.
Belfast.
- Trowbridge, Wiltshire.
- Bradford.
SALTER, S., & Co. *-
WILLIAMS, E. G., & Co.
WRITING DESKS, &c.
SCHILDBERG, H., & Co.
WEBSTER, H.
ZINC.
ZOBEL, C. F. J.
26, Moorgate-street
London.
22, Litchfield-street, Soho
London.
139, Euston-road
London.
*

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201
*
INDIA.
A SPECIAL CATALOGUE OF THE INDIAN COLLECTION HAS BEEN PREPARED,
AND IS ON SALE IN THE BUILDING, PRICE 25 CENTS.

p.
吃
​COLONIAL SECTION.
BAHAMAS.
BERMUDAS.
BRITISH GUIANA.
CEYLON AND STRAITS SETTLEMENTS.
JAMAICA.
GOLD COAST.
KOTID SE 101ES DARELE
NEW ZEALAND.
QUEENSLAND.
SEYCHELLES ISLANDS.
TASMANIA. MUVO,
MUROJAT
TRINIDAD.
VICTORIA.
MAURITIUS.
By:
3

-

alsoqu bug'avrigt
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM HER MAJESTY'S COLONIES TO THE
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1876.
BAHAMAS.
History,
A chain of islands lying between 21° 42′ and 27° 34′ N. lat., and 72° 40′ and 79° 5′ W. long. The group
is composed of about 20 inhabited islands and an immense number of islets and rocks. The principal islands
are New Providence (containing the capital, Nassau), Abaco, Harbour Island, Eleuthera, Inagua, Mayaguana,
St. Salvador, Andros Island, Great Bahama, Ragged Island, Rum Cay, Exuma, Long Island, Crooked Island,
Acklin Island, Long Cay, Watling's Island, the Berry Islands, and the Biminis.
St. Salvador, one of the islands composing this chain, was the first land discovered by Columbus on his
voyage in 1492. New Providence was settled by the English in 1629, and held till 1641, when the Spaniards
expelled them, but made no attempts to settle there themselves. It was again colonized by England in 1667,
but fell into the hands of the French and Spaniards in 1703, after which it became a rendezvous for pirates,
who were in 1718 extirpated, when a regular colonial administration was established, and the seat of Govern-
ment was fixed there. In 1781 the Bahamas were surrendered to the Spaniards, but at the conclusion of the
war they were once more annexed by, and finally confirmed to, Great Britain at the Peace of Versailles, 1783.
In 1848 the Turks and Caicos Islands were separated from the other Bahamas, and formed into a distinct
Government, under the Government-in-Chief of the Governor of Jamaica, ja aloita bendr
The Turks and Caicos Islands lie between 21 and 22° N. lat., and 71° and 72° 37′ W. long.owthu vẻ m me
3-hve oda te tot trosht Tinty
Trade and Industry.
There are ten colonial custom-houses and ports of entry in the Government of the Bahamas, viz., Nassau,
Abaco, Eleuthera, Harbour Island, Exuma, Rum Cay, Long Island, Long Cay, Inagua, and Ragged Island.
Considerable quantities of pine-apples, oranges, and sponges are exported, chiefly to England and the United
States.
The pine-apple crop is very precarious. The industry of salt raking has ceased to be remunerative, owing
to the high protective duties imposed on salt by the United States.ud vere duriant; deshuroll
Experiments in coffee planting and other branches of industry have been commenced under the patronage
of the present Governor.
boog Mid Cob) erishell o
nhak audig & Laghua) ut kerana za mlayud
Johnpzo eluaseal al hooa£it (5) boo77 £
40,710 polo47,270
41,869
Revenue and Expenditure.
£
1864.
102,024
98,636
1865
84,488
83,549
1866
253,283
1867 ja pleb 46,826 m20
76,985 tesnelig
80,372.64 boo777
1868 ** 40,777
$68,3060mg (te
1869
35,576
39,30499 ht
18700 Ho
07
1871
1872
37,574
2 kon ber
40,662
mohib
39,000
51,881
$38,374
71 1873 Volg 55,289
Do wolkg 1874260/37,283
lesovcl crida to ušaol Saide J
homoges (al Public Debt, 1873, 65,0817.

304
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.COLONIAL SECTION.
Imports and Exports.
B
£
£
£
£
1870
283,970
190,253
1864
5,346,132
4,672,398
1871
239,190
152,410
1865
1,470,467
2,063,474
1872
201,051
136,224
1866
328,622
261,972
1873
226,306
156,613
1867
365,316
227,248
1874
183,993
130,293
1868
231,526
131,522
Population.
1869
240,584
163,002
2
39,162 (Census 1871).
(From "Colonial Office List, 1876.")
The history of the Bahamas began in 1492, when Columbus, the great pioneer, navigator, and discoverer of
a New World landed on the shore of Guanaliani and named it St. Salvador. Commerce did not immediately
follow in the wake of discovery, but about 250 years after that event, pine apples were grown at and exported
from Eleuthera, and 50 years later cotton was extensively cultivated, and salt and wood added to the exports.
At the present time the colony's staples are salt, fruit, sponge, barks, dye and furniture woods, guano, and
straw, turtle shell, fish scale and shell work.
The articles on exhibition fairly represent the productions and manufactures of these islands, and both might
be indefinitely extended. But it is not the commercial position of the Bahamas only which should make a
knowledge of them general. Their equality and wonderful salubrity of climate commend them to all who seek
a genial, healthy, life-giving atmosphere. As a winter home for the afflicted, Peter Henry Bruce wrote nearly
a century and a half ago, "It is no wonder the sick fly hither for relief, being sure to find a cure here." Modern
travellers also testify that as a resort from damp and cold to sunshine and summer for those who require
change and climatic benefit the Bahamas offer peculiar advantages. The heat is tempered by an ocean breeze
of softness and purity seldom experienced elsewhere. Tropical flowers gladden the eye, and the luscious pine-
apple, orange, and melon tempt the palate with their freshness and beauty. Fish abound in the clear pellucid
waters surrounding these islands, and the northern fowl seek a home on the lakes. In a word, the Bahamas
seem by nature fitted as a grand sanitarium for the afflicted from the North American Continent, and as a most
desirable winter resort for all who wish to escape the rigours of the Northern Season.
Cl. 600, 601
601.
SPECIMENS OF WOODS (MANUFAC-
TURED).
Where the Price is given it is always to be
understood as in Gold in Bond.
3 pieces Green Ebony (dye), largely exported
to London. 4 pieces Braziletto Wood (do.),
generally exported to the United States. 1
piece Logwood (do.), generally exported to
London. To be sold to the highest bidder.
Nos. 1 to 11.

Sawyer, R. H., & Co. 1 log Sabicu or
Horseflesh (furniture), very durable wood, gefold wth see
used for building purposes. 2 2 crotchets
Mahogany or Madeira (do.), this wood is
largely exported to London. 2 pieces Satin
Wood (do.), this wood is largely exported to
London. 1 piece Bull Wood (do.), a new
wood not at present exported, very hand-
somely curled. 1 piece Cedar (do.), used for
building purposes. 1 piece Cocoanut Wood
(do.) 1 piece Stopper Wood (do.), very
_________ durable, used principally for the piles of
wharves. 1 ship's Knee of Sabicu; knees like
the one exhibited can be largely exported.
George, Jno. S. 1 piece Logwood (dye), Cl. 600, 601.
generally exported to London. 4 pieces
Braziletto (do.), generally exported to the
United States. 2 pieces Green Ebony (do.)
1 piece Yellow pine (furniture), large forests
of Pitch Pine are in the Bahamas not utilized.
1 piece Sabicu or Horseflesh (do.) 1 piece
Mahogany (do.) 1 piece Cedar (do.)
piece Satin Wood (do.) 1 piece Stopper
Wood (do.) I piece Orange Wood (do.), not
at present exported.. 1 piece Lignum Vitæ
(do.), exported to London. Nos. 12 to 22.

1

BAHAMAS.
305
*
Cl. 600, 601
Cl. 600,
601.
Cl. 600,
601.
Cl. 600,
601.
Dupuch, Joseph. 65 Walking Canes,
all manufactured out of woods growing in the
Bahamas. 2 Crab Wood, each $1 25, can be
supplied in Nassau from the tree at $12 per
100. 2 Red Crab Wood, each $1 25, in
Nassau at $12 per 100. 2 Casava Wood,
each $1, in Nassau at 4c. per foot. 2 Black
Torch, each $1 25, in Nassau at $12 per 100
2 Lignum Vitæ, each 75c., in Nassau at $12
2 Cocoanut Wood, each $1. 2
per ton.
Mahogany, each $1, in Nassau at 4c. per foot.
2 Sabicu, each $1, in Nassau at 4c. per foot.
2 Satin Wood, each 75c., in Nassau at 4c. per
foot. 2 Iron Wood, each $1 25, in Nassau at
$12 per 100. 2 Green Ebony, each $1 25.
2 Red Stopper, each $1, in Nassau at 4c. per
foot. 3 White do., each 50c., in Nassau at
4c. per foot. 2 Mastic Wood, each 75c., in
Nassau at 4c. per foot. 2 Saffron do., each
50c., in Nassau at $12 per 100. 2 Cascarilla,
with Bark, each 50c., in Nassau at $12 per
100. 2 Crab Wood do., each 50c., in Nassau.
at $12 per 100. 1 Prince do., do., each 25c.,
in Nassau at $12 per 100. 3 Red Stopper do.,
each 25c., in Nassau at $12 per 100. 1
White Stopper do., each 25c., in Nassau at
$12 per 100. 6 Hercules Club do., set $4,
in Nassau at $10 per 100. 4 Wild Lemon
do., each 25c., in Nassau at $12 per 100. 2
Tamarind do., 25c., in Nassau at $8 per 100.
2 White Torch do., 50c., in Nassau at $12
per 100. 2 Black Torch do., 50c., in Nassau
at $12 per 100. 2 Guava do., 25c., in Nassau
at $12 per 100. 2 Wild Coffee do., 25c., in
Nassau at $12 per 100. 3 Wild Cane do.,
25c., in Nassau at $4 per 100. 2 Lemon do.,
25c., in Nassau at $15 per 100. No. 23,
letters A to Z, AA to AC.
:
Wallace, Alexander C. Walking
Canes, viz.:-4 Crab Wood, with heads,
$2.50. 2 do., without heads, $1 50. 2 Green
Ebony, $2 50. No. 24, letters BC to BE.
Armbrister, James A. 18 Walking
Canes, viz.:-12 Green Ebony, $1 25. 6
Satin Wood, $1 25. Manufactured at Long
Island, Bahamas. No. 25, letters CD, CE.
Dupuch, Joseph. 1 Card Tray, $4,
manufactured out of 9 different woods. 5
Bread Platters, $1 50, manufactured out of
various woods. 3 Bread Platters, to be pre-
sented to Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., do.
Nos. 26 to 28.
SPONGES.
Sawyer, R. H. & Co. 1 string Sheep
Wool Sponge, 1 Velvet do., 1 Yellow do., 1
Grass do., 1 Reef do. To be sold to the
highest bidder. Largely exported to London
and the United States. Nos. 29 to 33.
SHELLS AND SHELL WORK.
Sawyer, R. H. & Co. 6 King Conch
Shells, 6 Queen Conch do., 6 Common Pink
Conch do., 3 Lamp Conch do. To be sold
to the highest bidder. Largely exported to
London. Nos. 34 to 37.
Gene
George, John S. 7 Queen Conch Shells.
No. 38.
Saunders, Samuel P. 1 case contain-
ing about 100 varieties small shells, $100.
The shells in this case were all collected in
the Bahamas. No. 39.
Treco, P. A. 1 case containing Bahama
Shells, $100. The shells were collected and
arranged by J. R. Saunders. No. 40.
Evans, Ellen G. E. Cases containing
1 Shell Cross, $100; 1 Shell Basket, $60; 1
Bridal Wreath, $30. Manufactured out of
Bahama Shells. Nos. 41 to 43.
Cases con-
Symonett, Mrs.
taining 1 Palm Tree, $12; 1 Watch Stand,
$25. Nos. 44 to 45.
Mathewatch bud
Eldon, Mrs. James. Case containing
1 Orange Tree, $25. No. 46.
Garner, Mrs. Maria E. Cases con-
taining 1 Basket, $60; 1 Fruit Basket, $60;
1 Bridal Wreath, $20; 1 Spray, $4; 1 do.,
$3; 1 do., $3. Nos. 47 to 49, letters A to D.
Robertson, Mrs. S. E. Case contain-
ing Epergne, $500. No. 50. PE de Buet
Cases containing Me-
morial Wreath, $140; Cornucopia, $45; 1
སཾ ཙྩ
Atwell, Misses.
doz. sets Brooches and Earrings, $3 each or
$35 the lot. Nos. 51 to 53.
All manufactured out of Shells and Fish
Scales.
TORTOISE SHELL AND SHELL
WORK.
George, John S. 6 pieces Tortoise Shell;
obtained from Hawksbill Turtle, largely
exported to London. 1 lot Loggerhead Shell;
U
Cl. 650.
Cl. 645,
254.
Cl. 645,
254.
Cl. 645,
254.
Cl. 645,
254.

Cl. 645,
254.
Cl. 645,
Cl. 645,
254.
Cl. 645,
254.
Cl. 645,
254.
Cl. 645,
254.
Cl. 645,
254,
36714.

306
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
*
Cl. 645,
254.
Cl. 645,
845.
Cl. 605,
$254.
Cl. 605,
254.
Cl. 600, 666,
Cl. 600,
666, 287.
obtained from Loggerhead Turtle, largely
exported to London. Nos. 54, 55.
Nassau.
Centennial Exhibition Committee,
1 Tortoise Back, cleaned and
polished entire, $75. Cleaned and polished
by J. R. Saunders, Nassau. No. 56.
Minns, Albert C. J. 1 case containing
tortoise shell ornaments, viz., Lady's set con-
sisting of Necklace, Pin and Earrings, Brace-
lets, Solitaires and Studs, $140; Gentleman's
set consisting of Albert Chain and Charms,
Scarf Ring, Solitaires and Studs, and Vest
Button, $50; Lady's Necklace and Locket,
$30; 1 Spoon 1, Paper Knife 10. All the
tortoise shell work is manufactured by hand
and is warranted genuine. No. 57, letters A
to D.
MIMOSA BEAN WORK.
Grant, Misses Julia & Mary. 1 case
containing Mimosa Bean Work, viz., Set of
Lady's Ornaments $5, 1 Card Tray $4 50,
1 pair Watch Cases $2 50, 1 pair Mats $1,
1 case containing Cross $12. Nos. 58 and 59,
letters A to D.
Centennial Exhibition Committee,
Nassau. 1 case Mimosa Bean ornaments,
viz., 1 Card Basket $4 50, 2 Bags $4, 2 pairs
Bracelets, each $1 50. Manufactured by
Messrs. Jarrett, Nassau. No. 60, letters A
to C.
C.
The Mimosa grows wild in the Bahamas.
FIBRES, ROPES, AND PALMETTO
WORK.
Centennial Exhibition Committee,
Nassau. 1 case containing specimens of
Fibres, viz., Fibres of the Pita Plant, Plaintain
Tree, Banana do., Pine Apple Plant, Aloe,
Esparto Grass; 1 case containing specimens
of Fibres viz., Wool made from Leaf of Forest
Pine, Pita Plant, Banana Tree, and Plaintain.
None of the Bahama Fibres are at present
utilized; could, however, be obtained and ex-
ported in large quantities. No. 61, letters A
to F; No. 62, letters G to J.
Knowles, Joseph A.,* Long Island.
Specimens of wild Fig Tree (Bark), very
durable when manufactured into rope; Rope
& Net made out of above; Palmetto Rope.
Nos. 63 to 65.
Centennial Exhibition Committee,
Nassau.* Specimens of Palmetto Rope, 3
sizes. Nos. 66.
Knowles, Joseph A.,* L.I. Specimens of
Palmetto Baskets (3), ditto Mat. Nos. 67, 68.
Carroll, Richard E.,* L. I. Specimens
of Rope made out of Fibre of Aloe.
Not exported but extensively used in the
Bahamas. No. 69.
George, Jno. S.* Specimen of Palmetto
Leaves. Indigenous to the Bahamas can
be extensively exported.
*
* For presentation to the Smithsonian
Institution, Washington. No. 70.
Centennial Exhibition Committee,
Nassau. 1 case containing Palmetto Work,
viz., 6 Fans each $1 50, 3 Pearl Edge Hats,
$3, 3 Edging Hats, $2. Manufactured by
Mrs. Jno. Taylor, Inagua. No. 71, letters A
to C.
SUNDRIES.
Meadows, Jno. G., Inagua, Sargent, D.,
Inagua, 1 case containing, viz., specimens of
Salt and jar of Table Salt. This salt is largely
exported to U. S. and Brit. N. America. No.
72.
Sawyer, R. H., & Co.,* Saunders, S.
P., Brice, D. A.* Specimens of Cotton,
produced principally at Long Island and ex-
ported to London. No. 73.
Saunders, Saml. P.* Specimen of Cave
Earth (Fertilizer), exported to United States.
No. 74.
* For presentation to the Smithsonian
Institution, Washington.
Sawyer & Co., R. H. Specimens of Bark
(Canella Alba and Cascarilla), to be sold to
highest bidder. Exported to United States,
and London. Nos. 75, 76.
George, Jno. S. Specimens of Bark (Cas-
carilla and Canella Alba, exported to United
States and London; Arrow Root and Casava
Starch, Bahama manufacture; Bees Wax ;
Wax made from Myrtle Berry, exported to
London. Nos. 77 to 82.
Sawyer & Co., R. H. Wax made from
Myrtle Berry, to be sold to highest bidder,
exported to London. No. 83.
- Saunders, Saml. P. Specimen of Mam-
mee Vegetable Sponge, excellent for
bathing purposes; cost about 3c. each. No. 84.
a or
Cl. 287.
Cl. 289.
Cl. 287.
Cl. 600.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 665.
Cl. 681.
Cl. 600.
Cl. 600.
654.
658.

Cl. 654.
Cl. 604.

BAHAMAS.—BERMUDAS. BEA
307
*Cl. 623.
Cl. 102.
Cl. 102.
✅Boyd, Adam. Specimens of Tobacco and
Coffee, cultivated in New Providence.
85, 86.
Nos.
Dupuch, Joseph. 1 Block Building Stone,
to be presented to Cornell University. No. 87.
George, Jno. S. 2 Blocks Building Stone,
to be presented to Cornell University. No. 88.
Dorsett, Thomas. 1 Dripstone manu-
factured out of Lime Stone, for filtering water.
No. 89.
Centennial Exhibition Committee,
Nassau. 18 bottles of assorted preserved
fruits, each $1 50; 4 assorted Pickles $1 50;
1 Pimento $150, manufactured out of native
fruits by Daphne Fife. Nos. 90 to 92.
Cl, 224.
bom
Cl. 656.
BERMUDAS,
Or Somers' Islands, a cluster of about 100 small islands, situated on the western side of the Atlantic Ocean,
in lat. 32° 15′ N. and long. 64° 51′ W., at a distance of about 580 miles from the nearest land, viz., Cape
Hatteras in North Carolina.
Fifteen or sixteen of these islands are inhabited: the rest are of inconsiderable size, the largest, or Bermuda
proper, containing less than 20 square miles of land, and nowhere exceeding three miles in breadth. So donate
both
The islands extend from N.E. to S.W. in a curved line for about 20 miles, bending inwards at
extremities, so as to enclose spacious and secure harbours.
A

Besides the main island, on which the town of Hamilton, the present seat of Government, is situated, the
principal islands are St. George's, where the ancient town of St. George, the former capital, stands; Ireland
Island, where the dockyard is established; Boaz and Watford Islands, occupied entirely by a military detach-
ment, formerly a convict establishment; Somerset, St. David's, Smith's, Cooper's, Nonsuch, Godet's, Port's,
and River's. With the exception of one break between Somerset and Watford Islands, there is continuous
communication by bridges from St. George's to Ireland Island.
The climate has been long celebrated for its mildness and salubrity. The islands produce arrowroot of a
fine quality, and an indigenous cedar of great durability, well adapted for ship-building and house-timber.
A few whales are occasionally taken in the neighbouring waters. Turtle are common.
The islands derive their name from Bermudez, a Spaniard, who sighted them in 1527. The earliest account
of them is given by Henry May, who was cast away upon them in 1593. They were first colonized by
Admiral Sir George Somers, who was shipwrecked there in 1609, on his way to Virginia. On his report,
the Virginia Company claimed them, and obtained a charter for them from James I. in 1612. This company
sold their right for 2,000l. to an association of 120 persons, who obtained a new charter in 1616, incorporating
them as the Bermuda Company, and granting them very extensive powers and privileges.
Representative government was introduced in 1620. In 1621 the Bermuda Company in London made at
Body of Ordinances for the Government of the Colony. During the civil war, great numbers of emigrants,
from England were attracted thither by the favourable reports of the climate and soil. Towards the end of
the reign of Charles II., grave complaints were made by the inhabitants of the misgovernment of the
plantation by the Company; and its charter was annulled by process of Quo Warranto, at Westminster, in
1684-85. Since then the Governors have been appointed by the Crown, and laws for the Colony enacted by
a local legislature, consisting of the Governor, Council, and Assembly.
The lands belonging to the company were forfeited to the Crown on the annulment of their charter, and
with the exception of some reserved for public uses, were granted in 1759 to purchasers on small quit-rents,
extinguishable on the payment of a fixed sum of money.
U 2
308
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.COLONIAL SECTION.
During the revolutionary war in North America the inhabitants suffered great privations from the scarcity of
food; and although they export largely certain articles of agricultural produce, especially potatoes, onions,
tomatoes, and arrowroot, they are still dependent on foreign supplies for all the flour and most of the meat
consumed.
In 1784 a printing-press was introduced.
Early in the present century the importance of the Bermudas as a naval station came to be recognized.
Ireland Island was purchased exclusively by the Government, and a Dockyard established there. By Order
in Council, dated June 23, 1824, the Bermudas were declared a place where male convicts might be kept at
hard labour on the public works; but these islands never were made a penal settlement, strictly speaking,
where convicts might be discharged. The establishment was broken up in 1863.
On the abolition of slavery in 1834, the system of temporary apprenticeship of the emancipated slaves.
permitted by the Act of Parliament in the slave-holding colonies, was dispensed with by the local legislature
of Bermuda, so as to entitle the slaves to their absolute freedom six years sooner than was required by
Parliament. They and their descendants now form more than a numerical half of the entire population.
In 1846, a lighthouse, visible at more than 30 miles' distance, was erected on the highest land in the
Colony; the light being 362 feet above the sea. A public library was established in 1839. In 1871 the
Island of St. George's was connected with the main island by a causeway and road two miles in length,
commenced in 1866, and completed at a cost of nearly 30,000l. An iron girder swing-bridge still permits the
passage of vessels.
38.
Revenue and Expenditure.
Imports and Exports.
£
£
£
£
1865
24,946
35,627
1865
200,983
40,238
*1866
26,637
25,148
1866
192,123
31,842
1867
24,268
23,219
1867
200,817
22,832
1868
36,110
37,231
1868
199,929
33,873
V1869
30,040
32,039
1869
103,962
23,391
1870
33,073
33,302
1870
232,387
36,756
1871
34,969
33,700
1871
231,618
48,405
1872
33,256
32,235.
1872
149,842
66,877
1873
33,030
35,146
1873
128,065
64,887
1874
29,066
29,800
1874
252,435
81,585
1861, 11,461.
1871, 12,121.
Public Debt in 1874, 13,2341.
Population, Census 1851, 10,982.
1875-6, Parliamentary Grant, 2,2001. (Governor's
Total tonnage of vessels entered 1874, 72,212; cleared 1874, 71,935.
Cl. 102.
Ness, Ph. An assortment of Building
Stones of varme
Stones of various qualities. A. Hard Stone
containing some fossil shells, chiefly used in
Military works, and for Road-making. B.
Bastard Stone, less hard. C. Soft Building
(From "Colonial Office List, 1876.")
Stone, such as is commonly worked with a
hand-saw, but hardens a little on exposure.
They only differ in the degree to which the
grains of sand are cemented by the infil
tration of carbonate of lime in solution.
salary).
White.
Coloured.
4,725.
7,396.



BERMUDAS.aovendrika
309
Cl. 662.
Cl. 621,
624.
Cl. 622.
Cl. 611.
Cl. 656.
Cl. 700 to
707.
Cl. 600.
Cl. 601.
CI. 200,
272.
Cl. 666.
CL. 645.
Cl. 650.
Cl. 658,
622,
Cl. 658,
622.
Cl. 658,
622.
Cl. 600,
254.
Cl. 251.
Bermuda Potatoes raised from Irish or
American Seed, but much modified by Cli-
mate.
American Seed.
Bermuda Tomatoes.
Bermuda Onions, chiefly from Madeira
Seed, modified by climate.
Committee, The. Bananas and other
Fruits. To be forwarded at the proper season.
Hugh, J. B. Dried and Preserved Fruits.
Bermuda, Gov. of. Flowers, Ferns, and
Ornamental Plants.
Several Contributors. Sections and
Specimens of Woods.
Astwood, Mrs. Birds-eye Cedar, and
other ornamental Woods.
Hugh, J. B. Medicinal Herbs and Drugs.
Peniston W. Fibre prepared from the
leaves of Foureroye gigantia.
Bermuda, Gov. of. Conch Shells
(strombus gigas) used by Cameo Cutters.
An Extinct Land Shell of relatively large
size. Sp. of Hyalline.
Bermuda, Gov. of. Corals, Sponges,
Nullipores, and Corallines, Sea Fans (Gor-
gonias), Sea Rods, (Plexaura).
Tucher, Tho, Fowle. Arrowroot.
Bertram, J. T. Arrowroot.
Bertram, J. T. Tous les Mois.
(To be sent at the proper season.)
Trimingham, J. Palmetto Plat, and
articles made from the Palmetto leaf.
Trimingham J. Bermuda Straw Plat,
Bonnets, &c.
Middleton, T. D. Articles in Point Lace.
Somerset Island.
Smith, Mrs. R. T. Fine Point Lace.
Ness, Miss. Point Lace Sleeveless
Cl. 252.
Cl. 252.
Cl. 252.
Basque.
Cl. 252.
Cl. 252.
Ness, Miss C.
Lines, Mrs.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 217.
Point Lace Sofa Pillow.
Point Lace.
Trimingham, J. Wreath of Shell Work.
Bermuda, Gov. of. Walking Canes from
the exterior of the Gru-gru Palm (Astro-
caryum Auream (Cedar and other Walking
Canes.
Bermuda, Gov. of. Two inlaid Tables
Bermuda Wood and Workmanship.
Bermuda, Gov. of. Tools used in freeing
the ground of the Roots of Sage and Wild
Mimosa.
Hinson, Dr., M.D. Model of a Bermuda
Yacht, Cutter-rigged, length of keel 4ft.; scale
about 4th.
Cl. 672.
Cl. 594.
Admiralty, Lords of the. Model of Her
Majesty's Floating Dock at Bermuda.
Sectional Drawing of Ditto.
Cl. 596.
Education, Board of. School Map of
the Bermudas.
Cl. 300.
Cl. 300.
Bermuda, Gov. of. Large General Map
of the Bermudas, details by Royal Engineers
and Major Crawford, R.A.
Bermuda, Gov. of. Diagram showing the
Monthly Mean Temperature of Bermuda com-
pared with other places of Winter resort.
Drawn by Lieut. Col. Bland, R.E.
Thorpe, Mrs. W.
muda."
Cl. 300.
Afternoon in Ber-
Cl. 306.
Wilkinson, Major H. J. "The Sand
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.
709.
Cl. 430.
Hills."
Anon. Bermuda Flowers from Nature.
Somerset, Col. Fitzroy, R.E. Photo-
graphs of Bermuda Scenery, by the Royal
Engineers.

Hugh, J. B. Photographs of Bermuda
Scenery.
Cl. 430.
HISTORICAL SECTION.
Bermuda, Gov. of. Examples of the
Ancient Records of the Colony of Bermuda
from 1616.
Title Deeds, or Original Grants of Land of
the Bermuda Company, 1628-9.
Bermuda, Gov. of. Fac-simile of the
earliest published Map of Bermuda, from
Norwood's Survey of 1616.
MISCELLANEOUS.
The top of a Pillar of Stalagmite, taken
from the floor of a Submerged Cave about 21
feet below low-water mark.
A small Stalactite taken from the roof of
the same cave, where the top was also sub-
merged below low-water mark.
These are exhibited in evidence of the
gradual subsidence by operation, of
which the floors of nearly all the caves
are somewhere below low-water mark.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 100.
அந்தர்.

310
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
BRITISH GUIANA.
This Colony is a portion of the South American Continent, extending from east to west about 200 miles.
It includ
the settlements of Demerara, Essequebo, and Berbice. It is bounded on the east by Dutch Guiana,
from which it is divided by the River Corentyn, on the south by Brazil, on the west by Venezuela, and on the
north and north-east by the Atlantic Ocean.
This territory was first partially settled by the Dutch West India Company in 1580. It was from time to
time held by Holland, France, and England. It was restored to the Dutch in 1802, but in the following year
retaken by Great Britain, to whom it was finally ceded in 1814.
It is impossible to determine the exact area of the Colony, as its precise boundaries are undetermined
between Venezuela and Brazil respectively, but it has been computed to be 76,000 square miles.
Under the Dutch, Demerara and Essequebo constituted one Government, and Berbice another, which
arrangement indeed continued in force under the British Administration down to the year 1831.
Revenue and Expenditure.
£
£
£
£
1868
1,618,378
2,232,212
1865
379,392
300,894
1869
1,572,275
2,164,014
1866
304,817
310,878
1870
1,572,275
2,164,0152
1867
275,209
307,061
1871
1,897,183
2,748,720
1868
290,881
297,349
1872
2,013,553
2,462,703
1869
311,377
293,636
1873
1,764,571
2,217,432
1870
354,131
325,855
1874
1,873,219
2,761,837
1871
379,647
338,053
Population in 1871, total 193,491.
1872
449,060
391,219
Natives of British
West India
Madeira and
Other
1873
361,932
399,990
Guiana.
Islands.
Azores.
places.
1874
475,885
485,893*
113,570
13,385
7,925
9,635

Public Debt, 426,0307.
Amount invested for Sinking Fund at close of 1874
or otherwise secured, 400,6661.
Total Value of Imports and Exports.
1865
1866
1867
1,359,292
1,530,675
1,498,524
£
2,089,639
2,170,967
2,365,777
Estimated present Population, 1875, 212,000.
Immigrant Population, 1874, on Estates.
Indians
Chinese
Africans
Total
Under
Indenture.
33,360
3,875
362
38,597
* The revenue and expenditure here is exclusive of the sums raised for and expended on immigration by the planters.
↑ It is a strange coincidence that the total value of the imports in 1869 and 1870 were precisely similar, whilst there was only
the difference of one pound between the exports of the same years.
The aboriginal Indians were estimated in 1851 at about 7,000; but Mr. M'Clintock, Superintendent of
Rivers and Creeks, an undoubted authority on the subject, carries the number as high as 20,000 or 21,000,
but the numbers of the tribes within the British territories vary, and are at all times very uncertain.-From
"Colonial Office List, 1876."

VOIPEM JAIZDOBRITISH GUIANA-CEYLON, ETC311
ETC..IETIJOMIST
.. 1101 TMT
Samples of Sugar, Rum, and other Articles contributed by various Sugar Estates
and private Gentlemen.
7 samples Vacuum Pan Sugar, by plantation Great Diamond.
3 do. do., by plantation Met-en-Meerzorg.
2 do. do., by plantation Bel Air,
2 do. do., by maceration, by plantation La Bonne Intention.
1 do. do., by plantation Ogle.
2 do. do., by plantation Tuschen de Vrienden.
1 do. do., Molasses, by plantation Tuschen de Vrienden.
2 do. do., by plantation Uitvlugt.
1 do. do., by plantation Greenfield.
2 do. do., by plantation Hope.
1 do. Common Process Sugar, by plantation Columbia.
No. 1. Samples Best White Vacuum Pan Sugar, by macera-
tion, by plantation Leonora.
No. 2. Samples for Copenhagen markets, by maceration, by
plantation Leonora.
No. 3. Samples shipping for the English markets, by macera-
tion, by plantation Leonora.
2 samples Rum, by plantation Great Diamond.
I do. do., by plantation Lusignan.
1 sample Rum, by plantation Hope.
2 do. do., by plantation Leonora, 270
2 do. do., by plantation Tuschen de Vrienden.
1 sample Rice, Creole, by plantation Great Diamond,
1 specimen Greenheart Wood, nearly 100 years old, by
T. H. Mackey, Esq.
1 do. Plantain Fibre, Musa Paradisiaca, by B. J. Godfrey,
Esq.
1 do. Silk Grass Fibre, Bromelia Karatas, by B. J. Godfrey,
Esq.
1 do. Mahoe Fibre, Hibiscus Elatus, by B. J. Godfrey, Esq.
I do. Sweet Briar Fibre, Acacia, by B. J. Godfrey, Esq.
1 do. Monkey Apple Fibre, by B. J. Godfrey, Esq.
Rice Straw Ornaments, by plantation Great Diamond.
Also a collection of Starches, Drugs, and other Medicinal
productions of the colony, prepared by William Fresson, Esq.
Feb. 25th.-Received this day two samples of Common
Process Sugar from plantation Vreed-en-Hoop; and two
samples of Vacuum Pan Sugar from plantation Versailles.

CEYLON AND STRAITS SETTLEMENTS.
CEYLON.
#
An island situated in the Indian Ocean, off the southern extremity of Hindostan ; lying between 5° 55′ and
9° 51′ N. lat., and 79° 41' and 81° 54′ E. long.; its extreme length from north to south, i.e., from Poin
Palmyra to Dondera Head, is 266 miles; its greatest width 140 miles from Colombo on the west coast to
Sangemankende on the east.
The climate for a tropical country is comparatively healthy; the heat in the plains, which is nearly the same
throughout the year, being much less oppressive than in Hindostan. Along the coast the annual mean
temperature is about 80° Fahr.; at Kandy, 1,465 feet above sea level, it is 76° (average of 10 years); at
Colombo the annual variation is from 76° to 86°; at Galle 70° to 90°; and at Trincomalee 74° to 91°. In the
mountain ranges there is of course a great variety of climate, the thermometer at the hill station, Nuwara Eliya
which is some 6,000 feet above the level of the sea, falling at night as low as 32°.
Ceylon was visited in early days by the Greeks, Romans, and Venetians; in 1505 the Portuguese formed
settlements on the west and south of the island; in the next century they were dispossessed by the Dutch,
In 1795-6 the British took possession of the Dutch settlements in the island. They were annexed then to the
Presidency of Madras, but five years later, in 1801, Ceylon was constituted a separate Colony. In 1815 war
was declared against the native government of the interior; the Kandyan King was taken prisoner, and the
whole island fell under the rule of the British.
the sided at [
By letters patent under the Great Seal, April 1831, a Council of Government was appointed, and by a
supplementary commission to the then Governor (March, 1833) the form of Government almost as now
existing was established.
sol oganyzo' it 1981

312
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—COLONIAL SECTION.
Revenue and Expenditure. s
matge Value of Imports and Exports.
£
£
£
£
1864
867,728
843,292
1864
5,526,964
3,111,268
1865
978,492
838,193
1865
5,022,179
3,565,157

1866
962,873
917,669
1866
4,961,060
3,586,452
1867
969,936
927,932
1867
4,504,338
3,530,224
1868
925,265
974,950
1868
4,403,177
3,786,721
1869
946,494
881,373
1869
4,635,023
3,631,065
1870
1,091,606
1,026,871
1870
4,634,297
3,803,731
1871
1,121,679
1,064,184
1871
4,797,952
3,634,853
1872
1,174,698
1,062,994
1872
5,169,524
3,139,060
1873
1,290,918
1,176,258
1873
5,574,538
5,439,591
1874
1,324,328
1,184,192
1874
5,691,860
4,687,388
25%.
Public Debt, 600,000l. at 61. per cent.
From "Colonial Office List, 1876.”
Armitage Brothers, Columbo, Ceylon. Samples of Raw Products of Island of Ceylon.
STRAITS SETTLEMENTS.
Singapore is an island about 25 miles long by 14 wide, situated at the southern extremity of the Malayan
peninsula, from which it is separated by a narrow strait about 2 of a mile in width. There are a number of
small islands adjacent to it which form part of the settlement.
The seat of Government is the town of Singapore, at the southern point of the island, in lat. 1° 16' N.,
long. 103° 53' E.
and
Penang is an island about 20 miles long and 9 broad, containing an area of 107 square miles, situated off the
west coast of the Malayan peninsula in 5° N. lat., and at the northern extremity or entrance to the Straits of
Malacca. On the opposite shore of the mainland, from which the island is separated by a strait from 2 to
10 miles broad, is Province Wellesley, a strip of territory forming part of the settlement, averaging 8 miles in
width, and extending 45 miles along the coast, including 10 miles of newly acquired territory to the south of
the Krean (vide infra).
The chief town is George Town, in 5° 24′ N. lat. and 100° 21′ E. long.
Malacca is situated on the western coast of the peninsula between Singapore and Penang, about 120
miles from the former and 240 from the latter, and consists of a strip of territory about 42 miles in length,
and from 8 to 24 miles in breadth. The principal town called Malacca, is 2° 10′ N. lat., and

102° 14′ E. long.
Malacca is one of the oldest European settlements in the East, having been taken possession of by the
Portuguese under Albuquerque in 1511, and held by them till 1641, when the Dutch, after frequent attempts,
were successful in driving out the Portuguese. The settlement remained under the Government of the
Dutch till 1795, when it was taken possession of by the English, and held by them till 1818, at which date
it was restored to the Dutch, and finally fell into our hands in pursuance of the treaty with Holland, the
17th March 1824, in exchange for the East India Company's settlement at Bencoolen, on the west coast


AUGE CEYLON, ETC.-JAMAICA.TRADEMA
313
of Sumatra. By that treaty it was arranged that the Dutch should not again meddle with affairs or have
any settlement on the Malayan peninsula, the British Government agreeing at the same time to leave Sumatra
to the Dutch.
Revenue.
£
Expenditure.
£
1866
1868
1874
260,000
233,000
276,642
309,991
254,391
317,726
From "Colonial Office List, 1876."
Behn Meyer & Co., Singapore, East Indies. Samples of Raw Products of Straits Settlements.
#
JAMAICA.
An island situated in the Caribbean Sea, and to the southward of the eastern extremity of the Island of
Cuba, within N. lat. 17° 40′ and 18° 30', and W. long. 76° 10′ and 78° 30'. It is the largest of the British
West Indies, being 140 miles in length, and 50 in extreme breadth, and containing about 4,200 square miles.
Jamaica was discovered by Columbus on the 3rd May, 1494. He called it St. Jago,
He called it St. Jago. It remained in the
possession of the Spaniards for 161 years, when it was attacked by a force sent by Cromwell, under Admirals
Penn and Venables, against Hispaniola. It capitulated, after a trifling resistance, on the 3rd May 1655
After the capture of the island, until the Restoration of Charles II., Jamaica remained under military juris-
diction. In 1660 the first establishment of a regular civil government was made by Charles II., who appointed
G. D'Oyley Governor-in-Chief, with an Elective Council. In 1670 peace was made with Spain, and the title
of England to Jamaica was recognized by the Treaty of Madrid. In 1807 the Slave Trade was abolished, at
which time there were 323,827 slaves in Jamaica. During the last eight years of the trade 86,821 slaves
were imported. On the abolition of slavery in 1833 Jamaica received 6,161,9271. of the 20,000,000l. granted
by the Imperial Government as compensation to the slave-owners; being rather more than 197. a head on a
slave population of 309,338.

Climate.
There is great variety of climate; the medium heat at Kingston is about 80°, and the minimum 70° Fahren-
heit throughout the year. At an elevation of from 4,000 to 5,000 feet, the average mean range is 60° to 70°,
the minimum in winter being 44°. On the Blue Mountain Peak ice of some thickness has been found in
March. Owing to the lofty mountains which run down the middle of the whole island, it is possible, in a few
hours, to get to a climate resembling that of Europe. From Kingston, the capital, a change of 30° in tempera-
ture can be attained by a ride of three hours. In the St. Andrew's mountains the variation is never more
than 10° between night and day, and the same between summer and winter, the hottest days in summer being
never above 80°, and the coldest nights in winter never below 60°. Jamaica is singularly free from hurricanes
or earthquakes. The rainy seasons are in May and October, and last for about three weeks, with intervals of
fine weather. The May seasons are irregular, but the October seasons seldom fail. The rainfall varies
throughout the island from about 50 inches to 150 inches during the year.

314
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. COLONIAL SECTION.
C
we Revenue and Expenditure. mida
Imports and Exports.
£
£
£
1865
295,398
314,296
1865
1,050,984
912,004
1866
327,359
****$395,597
1866
1,030,976
1,152,898
1867
393,441
333,125
1867
859,186
1,045,093
1868
368,101
358,795
1868
1,024,565
1,138,804
1869
441,439
387,724
1869
1,224,413
1,162,768
1870
440,523
410,497
1870
1,300,212
1,283,026
18713
460,024
426,910
1871
1,331,185
1,196,531
1872
494,563
477,807
1872
1,559,601
1,418,443
1873
514,766
523,458
1873
1,733,121
1,226,011
1874
541,798
537,261
1874
1,762,817
1,442,080
Public Debt, 665,5361.
Population.
Coloured.
White.
Black.
Total.
1871
1861
100,346
13,101
392,707
506,154
81,065
13,816
346,374
441,254
From "Colonial Office List, 1876.”
Soutar & Co. Tobacco in leaf, Cigars
Nunes Bros. Lace Bark.
Martin, James, jun. Furniture.
Cl. 623.
and Cigarettes.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 660.
Rum.
CI. 217.
Cl. 254,
ments.
Cl. 659.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 623.
Nash, Francilla. "Dagger Plant " Orna-
Espent, W. B. Sugar.
Rum.
Tobacco and Cigars.
Thomson, Robert, Superintendent of the
Government Botanic Gardens, Gordon Town,
Jamaica. Island Vegetable Products.
Cl. 203.
Perfumes.
Cl. 254.
Sticks.
Cl 258.
Paper Materials, &c., &c.
Cl. 272. UT
Drugs, Quinines.
Cl. 387.
Ropes, Sails.
Wax moulds of Fruit, &c., &c.
Fruits (preserved).
Woods.
Cl. 600, 601.
Dyewoods, Tanning materials, Dye ex-
Cl. 602.
tracts.
Gums.
Cl. 603.
Cl. 611.
Coffees, Cocoas, Spices, Tobaccos, Cigars.
Cl. 623.
Seeds.
Cl. 624.
Cl. 651.
Cl. 656.
Cl. 657.
Cl. 658.
Cl. 659.
Rums, Liqueurs.
Cl. 660.
Oils.
Cl. 662.
:
Fibres.
Cl. 666.
Frith & Murphy, Messrs., Salt Mer-
chants. Salt.
Cl. 200.
Reynolds, John Ney. Salt.
Cl. 200.
Food products.
Starches.
Meals.
Sugars.

GOLD COAST COLONY, WEST AFRICA.
The Gold Coast Colony, which comprises the British Settlements on the Gold Coast, and at Lagos, was
constituted by a Charter under the Great Seal, bearing date the 24th day of July 1874.
diłw, paboy na
THE GOLD COAST PROPER.
The Gold Coast is the name generally given to a portion of Upper Guinea, between 5° and 4° 20′ E. long.,
stretching along the Gulf of Guinea from the River Assini on the west to the River Volta on the east,


ARZENINY-JAMAICA.-GOLD COAST. ITET LISÄACE
315
between which points are the settlements of Axim, Dixcove, Secondee, Elmina, Cape Coast Castle, Anamaboe,
Accra, and Addah. In 1672 a Company was formed, called the Royal African Company, which built forts
at Dixcove, Secondee, Commendah, Anamaboe, Winnebah, and Accra, besides strengthening Cape Coast
Castle, which was already in existence. This company was succeeded in 1750 by the African Company of
Merchants, constituted by Act of Parliament, with liberty to trade and to form establishments on the West
Coast of Africa, between 20° N. and 20° S. lat. This company was dissolved in 1821 by Act of Parliament,
and the forts transferred to the Crown, by whom they were placed under the Government of Sierra Leone.
Revenue and Expenditure.
Imports and Exports.
Gold Coast.
Gold Coast.
£
£
1869
213,491
281,913
1869
24,127
18,836
1870
253,397
378,239
1870
30,851
35,609
1871
250,672
295,207
1871
28,609
29,094
1872
260,101
385,281
1872
40,165
42,785
1873
225,525
330,624
1873
65,706*
61,207
1874 no trustworthy returns.
1874
74,868
47,796
Lagos.
1869
416,895
689,598
Lagos.
1870
400,558
515,365
1869
40,438
39,431
1871
391,653
539,302
1870
41,683
42,379
1872
366,256
444,848
1871
45,612
45,611
1873
258,883
406,986
1872
41,346
41,346
1874
348,636
486,227
1873
52,240†
52,255
Population.
1874
39,350
37,296
Gold Coast
400,0001
Debt-Gold Coast, nil; Lagos, 11,6317.
* Exclusive of 40,000l. voted by Parliament.
Lagos
62,021
† 20,9991. proceeds of loans.
Estimated and including the Protectorate.
(From "Colonial Office List, 1876.")
NATURAL PRODUCTIONS, ARTS, MANUFACTURES, &c.
Country Cloths, &c.
1 Whydah Cloth.
2 Aguey Cloths.
1 Cape Coast Cloth, made entirely of native Cotton and
Dyes.
1 Akim Cloth.
1 Ashantee Cloth, native printed.
1 Ashantee Silk Cloth.
1 ditto Sash.
1 King Kofi Calli's Cloth.
1 Krobboe Cloth.
1 Check Nupè Tobe
1 ditto Man's.
1 Woman's Upper Cloth
Niger, per Bishop
Crowther.
1 Igbo Cloth, open work
1 Grass Cloth, Niger.
1 Bida Cloth,
1 Agra Cloth,
1 Linzo Grass Cloth, Niger.
1 small variegated Cloth, Wassaw.
2 Native Looms with cotton spinner, samples of Yarn and
specimens of Cloth in the loom.
4 Specimens of Wool Knitting per Colonial School, Cape
Coast.
2 Native Tanned Sheep or Goat Skins.
2 Pair Yellow Slippers, Niger.-Per Bishop Crowther.

5 Pairs Lagos Sandals.
1
**
Gold Coast Chiefs Sandals ornamented with Gold.
1 Leather Satchel of native tanned leather. I
4 Goat-skin Fans, ornamented with leather work.
10 Knife Sheaths.
1 Tranverse Section of Odoom Wood, showing the diameter
of the tree which furnishes the Building Wood of the Country
from the Gold Coast to Lagos,-hard and durable.
1 Plank of Ditto, polished, with specimens of Panelling by
native workmen of Engineer Department.
1 Desk and Envelope case of Ditto, also made by native
workmen the Lock also of native workmanship.
316
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—COLONIAL SECTION.
A collection of specimens of Native Woods and 1 Stick
Ebony. Had date
8 Variously Carved Native Stools, each made from a solid
Block of Wood.
1 Warree Board, carved ditto, ditto, for a game much in use
on the West Coast of Africa.
3 Models of Canoes and Paddles.
1 Block of Native Granite, cut and polished by native
workmen.
1 Sword of State with Carved wood handle, plated with
Gold.
1 Ditto, ditto, two blades, ditto plain.
1 Carved Wooden Mask. Lagos.
2
Abeokuta.
7 Carved Ladles.
Figures, God and Goddess of Twins from
2
>>
Figures, Male and Female.
1
5
Image, exhibited at native Funerals.
Specimens of Natural History.
2 Wooden Combs.
1 Toy Doll.
4 Wooden Fans.
1 Fan.
26 Carved and Plain Calabashes.
3 Black Bowls, used for washing Gold.
1 Black Monkey Skin, an Article of Export.
2 Leopard Skins.
1 Light-Coloured Snake Skin.
4 Niger Mats (2 per Bishop Crowther).
5 Accra Baskets.
Earthenware.
1 Goldsmith's Furnace and Crucibles.
A Variety of Domestic Articles.-Cooking Pots, Plates,
Water-pots and Bottles, Palm Wine Pot, Bowls, Hearths, &c.,
also some curiously shaped and Ornamented Black Bottles and
Lamp from Wassaw.
An assortment of Ashantee Clay Pipes.
Arms.
2 Niger Swords in Ornamented Leather Scabbards.
1 Iron War Dagger from the Niger, per Bishop Crowther.
2 Lagos ditto, in Leather Sheaths.
1 Bow and Quiver of Arrows from the Houssa Country near
the Niger.
1 Large Drum.
1 Small ditto.
2 Arm ditto.
Musical Instruments, &c.
1 Ditto, with black cord and sash.
3 Wooden ditto, with snake skin tops used at the Amusements
and Feasts of the natives.
2 Adenkos-long Calabashes, carved.
1 Fiddle and Bow.
1 Guitar.
1 Kroo-boys Harp.
1 Knife-box Guitar, Lagos.
1 bundle and 1 coil Strings for Musical Instruments.
1 Flute.
1 Signal Horn.
1 Warrior's Hat, Lagos.
3 Palm Leaf Hats, Whydah.
1 Accra Fisherman's Rainy Season Hat.
1 Market Net.
4 Net Bands for tying Calabashes, &c., and head loads.
1 Gold Book, used for keeping Gold Dust, with Scales,
Weights, Shovels, &c.
White Clay, used in Medicine and to "chalk divorced
wives; also in law suits and palavers those who are successful,
and at marriage ceremonies as an indication of purity.
2 Ropes with bands, for ascending Palm Trees.
1 Large Pot for boiling Palm Nuts for Oil.
1 Palm Oil Ladle.
1 Rope Net and Squeezer.
1 hank Pine-apple Fibre.
1
1
1 "
Bine Fibre, used for washing purposes.
Bamboo Fibre in leaf.
Rope.
8 Rolls String.
Oils.
Specimens of Oils made at Cape Coast from African Nuts
and Seeds, by W. Melton, &c., viz. :-
1 glass barrel Palm Oil.
Palm Oil, cold drawn.
Ditto
refined.
Ditto for domestic use by boiling.
Palm Kernel or Black Oil, native make.
Oil, cold drawn, refined.
**
Bennie Seed Oil.
Egusi or Bitter Gourd Seed Oil.
Physic Nut Oil.
Ground Nut Oil.
Cocoanut Oil.-
Sessamum.
Jatropha Curcas.
Palm Oil Nuts.
Palm Oil Nut Kernels.
Bennie Seed.
Egusi or Bitter Gourd Seeds.
Ground Nut Kernels.
Physic Nuts.

Palm Nut Rings, made from the shell of the Palm Nut.
1 barrel Palm Kernels.
Colas.
Sterculia Acuminata. Ordinary Red.
Marcrocarpa (?) Bitter.
Vide" Athenæum," Nos. 2,209 and 2,249.)


GOLD COAST.
317
Guinea Grains, or Grains of Paradise.
Aromatic Pepper from the Niger.
Edible Red Beans.
Coffee, grown in 8 months after planting the seed, by Mrs.
Davison, Colonial Schoolmistress.
Kreppee, or Bitter Oil Nuts, the oil a remedy against the
Tetse Fly, and all other insects.
One Bowl containing two masses Fragrant Gum, used for
polishing and perfuming the skin after washing.
Two,Cakes Bees Wax.
**
Mahogany" Nuts, containing a very oleaginous kernel.
One fine Specimen of Gum Copal, Accra, and specimens of
ditto.
Cassada Starch.
Starch.
Arrowroot, grown at Cape Coast by Mr. Nugent, pensioner.
Five Specimens of Coloured Powder Starch, a Novelty for
the Laundry, by W. Melton.
One Pair Manillas, or solid Metal Ring Bracelets.
Two Brass Grease Pots, Niger.
Shells of the Snail of the country, abounding in the forests,
and largely consumed as an article of food at Cape Coast and
Lagos.
One bundle Candlewood.
Gold Dust and Gold Ornaments.
95 Rings (assorted).
17 Crosses.
37 Brooches.
35 pair Ear-rings (assorted).
1 Breast Plate..
4 Lockets.
1 Basket.
1 Stag's Head and Horns.
1 Breast Pin, bull's head.
1 Water Bottle.
1 Palm Wine Bottle.
1 Drinking Cup.
1 Wine Glass.
1 Fish.
1 Country Stool.
1 Gridiron.
1 Corkscrew.
1 Musket.
1 Lion.
1 Hairpin.
4 sets Shirt Studs, 4 each.
3 plain Collar Studs.
1 pair Sleeve Links.
1 solid Breast Plate.
Comb.
1
**
2 braided Bracelets.
2
Chain Pattern, with Pendants.
1 Bead Necklace, with Heart.
1
ditto.
1 Albert Chain.
>>
1 Albert Chain, cable pattern.
1
10
1
1
braided Short Chains.
Long >>
Stout
Fine Long.
2 Queen's Bracelets, elaborate work.
2 Open Zodiac.
1 Solid ditto.
1 Braided,, with pendants. (3)
2 Zodiac Brooches, Green Beetles.
3 Brooches, flower pattern.
1 Pair Beetle Ear-rings.
Judac:
3,,
Small do.
MAURITIUS.
An island lying in the Indian Ocean, between 57° 17′ and 57° 46′ E. long., and 19° 58′ and 20° 32′ S. lat.
It is 400 miles east of Madagascar. It comprises an area of 676 square miles.
The Mauritius was discovered by the Portuguese in 1507. They claimed possession of it during nearly the
whole of the 16th century. The first who made any settlement in it were the Dutch in 1598, who named it
Mauritius, in honour of their Prince Maurice. It was abandoned by them in 1710, and afterwards taken
possession of by the French. Mauritius was for a long time during the war a source of great mischief to our
merchant vessels and Indiamen, from the facility with which sorties might be made from it upon our traders
by French men-of-war and privateers. The British Government determined on an expedition for its capture,
which was effected in 1810. The possession of the island was ratified by the Treaty of Paris, 1814.
Mauritius pays 45,000l. per annum to the Imperial Government as military contribution, but this amount
is subject to reduction when the garrison is below the standard fixed upon as necessary for the defence of the
colony.

Total police force, 849.
Corp-souled

318
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
Revenue and Expenditure.
Imports and Exports.
£
£
£
£
1864
638,067
602,279
1865
2,141,350
2,629,519
1865
646,730
667,716
1866
2,048,000
2,501,000
1866
639,576
700,048
1867
1,720,000
2,003,800
1867
534,992
642,602
1868
2,000,069
2,321,243
1868
577,686
641,272
1869
1,619,906
2,601,657
1869
595,024
575,180
1870
1,953,993
2,049,987
1870
608,166
591,579
1871
1,807,382
3,054,054
1871
616,952
600,961
1872
2,437,512
3,177,301
1872
703,159
650,327
1873
2,165,400
3,238,700
1873
693,081
657,110
1874
2,427,813
2,697,892
1874
720,130
727,063
Public Debt, 895,600l., bearing interest 6 per cent.
Estimated Population, exclusive of Military and Shipping, 31st December 1874.
General
Population.
106,054.
Indian Population.
Male.
150,008.
Female.
83,309.
Total.
3331,371.
Cl. 656.
Mauritius. Flore Mauricienne. 24 bottles
preserved fruit, &c.
Cl. 600
to 602.
Horne, J., Mauritius Botanical Gardens,
Mauritian Woods:
Marks.
I.-Syzygium glomeratum (Bois de
Pomme).
II.-Cupania lævis (Bois Sagaye).
III.-Boutonia Mascariensis.
IV.-Acacia Lebbeck (Bois Noir).
V.--Labourdonaisia revolutia (Bois de
Natte).
VI.-Monimia ovalifolia (Bois Tambour
jaune).
VII.-Olea lancea (Olivier Sauvage, Bois
Cabris, Bois Cerfs, &c.)
(From "Colonial Office List, 1876.")
XIV.-Prockia theæformis (Fandaman,
Bois Goyave).
XV.-Tambourissa amplifolia (Bois
Tambour, Pomme Jacot, Pot de
Chambre Jacots).
XVI.-Diospyros melanida (Bois d'Ebène
marbré).
XVII.-Calophyllum Sps. (Takamaka
blanc).
XVIII.-Erythrosperum verticillatum (Bois

gros coco).
XIX.-Calicadaphne species (Bois de
Cannelle).
XX.-Nuxia verticillata (Bois Maigre).
XXI.-Fropiera Mauritiana (Bois Bigaig-
non).
VIII.-Tambourissa quadrifida (Bois
XXII.
Tambour).
1X.-Calophyllum spurium (Takamaka
petite feuille).
X.-Labourdonaisia glanea (Bois de
Natte grand feuille).
XI.-Sideroxylon cinerum (Moaglier).
XII.-Mimusops Erythroxylon (Makak,
Bois de Natte).
XIII.-Sideroxylon Bout anianum (Tam-
balacoque).
? (Bois Banane).
XXIII.-Colophania Mauritiana (Bois de
XXIV.-
Colophane).
? (Bois Lallo).
XXV. Syzygium species (Bois de Pomme
grande feuille).
XXVI.-Calophyllum spectabilis (Bois de
Takamaka, ou Takamaka grande
feuille).
XXVII. Quisivia oppositifolia (Bois
Café).

EAPAINDA
319
MAURITIUS. MOPTAMOSTAT JUNCONCUR
Cl. 200.
Cl. 623.
Cl. 623.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 305.
Cl. 666.
XXVIII.-Tabernæmontana
Mauritiana
(Bois de lait à fleurs jaunâtres).
XXIX.-Hernandia ovigera (Bois Blanc).
XXX.-Myrtracæ Sps. (Bois de fer).
XXXI.-Erythroxylon laurifolium (Bois de
Ronde).
XXXII.-Anthirhea verticillata (Bois
Lousteau).
XXXIII-Elæodendron orientale.
XXXIV.-Terminalia catappa.
Lemière, H., Esq. Salt. One Sample.
Bouton, Messrs. H. & E. One sample of
Mauritius Coffee.
Flore Mauricienne. One sample of
Vanilla.
Boulton, L., Esq. Three Copies of a
book on the Medicinal Plants of Mauritius,
with 50 Specimens of these Medicinal Plants.
Eight copies Transactions of the Royal
Society of Arts and Sciences of Mauritius,
from 1870 to 1875.
Horne, J., Mauritius Botanical Gardens.
List of Fibres :-Dracæna species, Cordia
mixta, Hibiscus liliflorus, Pandanus utilus,
Alpinia magnifica, Sanseviera zebrina, Livis-
tona Mauritiana, Agave Americana, Theo-
broma cacao, Musa species, Rapolocarpus
lucidus, Dracæna Mauritiana, Strelitzia regina,
Pterospermum acerifolium, Ficus sp., Ficus
p., Musa textilis, Latania aurea, Sanseviera
Zeylanica, Ficus sp., Musa paradisiaca, Sagus
Ruffia, Colocasia antiquorum, Agave Ameri-
cana variegata, Sida glutinosa, Musa violacea,
Agave Mexicana, Boehmeria nivea, Heliconia
gigantea, Sanseviera latifolia, Sanseviera cylin-
drica, Urania (Ravenala) Madagascariensis,
Carludovica palmata, Sterculia species, Hibis-
cus sp., Guazuma ulmifolia, Fourcroya gi-
gantea, Square fruited Banana, Ficus species,
Ixora corylifolia, Melochia liliacefolia, Musa
var (Otaheite), Paritium tiliaceum, Caladium
species, Morus tartarica, Caladium pur-
purescens, Malvaviscus arboreus, Sagus
saccharifera. 6 Walking Sticks, 2 Bottles
Nutmegs, 1 Parcel Red Bark (Cinchona suc-
cirubra).
L. de Brugada & E. de Boucherville.
Two Specimens of Ramie Fibre (Boehmeria
nivea). V
6.
Wiehe, Mr. J. 15 samples of Sugar :
1. "Rose Belle" (Ceylon Company, Limited),
White Vesou Sugar manufactured for Bom-
bay and Australian markets; 2.
2." Astræa"
(Ceylon Company, Limited), White Vesou
manufactured for Bombay and Australian
markets; 3." Astræa" (Ceylon Company,
Limited), White Syrup Sugar for Bombay
and Australian markets; 4. “Medine" (Mme.
Vve. Kænig), fine White Vesou manufac-
tured for Australian market; 5." Medine"
(Mm. Vve. Kœnig) fine White Syrup manu- |
“Con-
factured for Australian market
stance" (Heirs Pellegrin) fine White Crystal-
lized for Bombay and Australian markets; 7.
"Constance" (Messrs. Manes & Co.) finest
White Sugar for Australian market ; 8.
"Constance" (Messrs. Manes and Co.), fine
White Syrup for Australian market; 9.
"Plaisance" (Messrs. Hart and de Bissy),
Brewers Crystal manufactured for Australian
market; 10. "Plaisance" (Messrs. Hart and
de Bissy) fine Brewers Crystal manufactured
for Australian market; 11. Sebastopol "
(Mr. E. Montocchio), Raw Sugar, fine Crys-
tallized for European market; 12. "Hewet-
son (Mr. W. Hewetson) Raw Sugar, fine
Crystallized, manufactured for European mar-
ket; 13. "Chamouny" (Mr. N. Tourrette),
Raw Sugar, refining quality for European
markets; 14. "Walhalla " (Mr. C. de Lan-
nux), Yellow Grocery for Australian market;
15. "Mon Repos" (Mr. Nozaïc), Yellow
Sugar for Australian market.
Marie, Mr. François. Sample of Arrow-
root.
Foucaud, Mme. Vve. Articles made
from Palmiste (Oreodoxa Regia) leaves; 2
pairs Slippers, 1 Cigar Case, 2 small Baskets,
1 large Basket, 10 Napkin Rings.
Kyshe, J., Esq. Two copies Mauritius
Almanac 1874 and 1874.
Moco, Mr. S. Photographs: -40 Views
of Landscapes in Mauritius; 36 Types of the
Chinese, Indian, Malagash, and Mozambique
inhabitants of Mauritius.
Cl. 666
Cl. 659.

Cl. 658.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 430.
320
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
NEW ZEALAND.
Situation and Area.
The colony of New Zealand consists of three principal islands, called respectively the North, the Middle, and
the South (or Stewart's) Island. There are several small islets (mostly uninhabited) dependent on the colony;
the chief of these are the Chatham Isles and the Auckland Isles. Tho entire group lies between 34° and
48° S. lat., and 166° and 179° E. long. The three principal islands extend in length 1,100 miles, but their
breadth is extremely variable, ranging from 46 miles to 250 miles; the average being about 140 miles.
The total area of New Zealand is about
Ditto of North Island
Ditto of Middle Island
Ditto of Stewart's Island
Sq. Miles.
Acres.
100,000 or 64,000,000
44,000 or 28,000,000
55,000 or 36,000,000
1,000 or 640,000
It will thus be seen that the total area of New Zealand is somewhat less than Great Britain and Ireland.
Climate.
From its healthy and salubrious climate, from its great extent of coast line, and from its position with regard
to the neighbouring continent of Australia, New Zealand is often called "the Great Britain of the Southern
Hemisphere." The temperature is, however, much more equable than in the British Isles. While the sum-
mers are as cool as those of England, the winters are as warm as those of Italy. The mean annual temperature
at Auckland is nearly the same as at Rome; at Wellington, nearly the same as at Milan; at Dunedin, nearly
the same as at London. The official reports of the Medical Department show that whereas the annual mor-
tality from all diseases out of every 1,000 British soldiers quartered in the United Kingdom was 16, it was
only five out of every 1,000 in the troops quartered for more than 25 years in New Zealand.
History.
New Zealand was discovered in 1642 by the Dutch navigator, Tasman, who, however, did not land upon
its shores. In 1769 it was first visited by Captain Cook, who in that year, and during subsequent voyages,
explored its coasts. The country subsequently became a resort for whalers and traders, chiefly from Australia,
as well as a field for the labours of the Missionary Societies. In 1840, the native chiefs ceded the sovereignty
of New Zealand to the British Crown by the Treaty of Waitangi, and the islands were erected into a British
colony.
into
The aborigines, called Maoris, are a remarkable people-a branch of the Polynesian race. According to
their own traditions, their forefathers came about 600 years, or 20 generations ago, from Hawaiki, which was
probably Hawaii in the Sandwich Islands, or Savaii, in the Navigator or Samoa group. They are divided
about 20 different clans, analogous to those of the Highlands of Scotland. There have been two Maori
wars; the first lasted from 1845 until 1848; the second lasted from 1860, with little intermission, until 1870.
But fully half the clans have always been friendly to the English; and many of them have fought on the side
of the Colonial Government against their own countrymen. Permanent tranquillity appears to have been
established in 1871 throughout the country. It was estimated, on 1st June 1874, that the Maoris (including
half-castes) amounted to 46,016, all of whom dwell in the North Island, with the exception of 2,608 scattered
over the other islands.


NEW ZEALAND.
321
The control of native affairs, and the entire responsibility of dealing with questions of native Government
were transferred in 1863 from the Imperial to the Colonial Government. In 1864, the seat of the general
Government was removed from Auckland to Wellington, on account of the central position of the latter city.
Revenue (Ordinary and Territorial).
Imports and Exports.
£
1865
1,525,827
1870
£
1,384,639
£
£
1864
7,000,655
23,401,667
1866
1,978,711
1871
1,342, 116
1865 and
15,594,977
3,713,218
1867
1,864,155
1872
1,967,854
1866
5,894,863
4,520,074
1868
1,620,835
1873
2,753,181
1867
5,344,667
4,644,978
1869
1,454,995
1874
3,063,811
1868
4,985,748
4,429,198
1869
4,976,126
4,224,860
Public Debt of New Zealand on 30 December 1874,
was 18,000,000l., of which 4,208,4637. had been
expended on Native and Defence purposes.
1870
4,639,015
4,822,756
1871
4,078,192
5,282,084
1872
5,142,951
5,190,665
1873
6,464,687
5,610,371
1874
8,121,812
5,251,269
(From "The Colonial List, 1876.")
Cl. 101.
COAL.
1. Parapara Iron and Coal Company, Nelson.-Block of
coal taken from a 3-foot seam. A fair specimen of the general
quality of the field. The coal occurs in à rugged mountain
range on the north bank of the Aorere River, and is tapped by
a drift or tunnel in the side of the hill between 800 and 900 ft.
above the level of the sea. By actual survey the field has been
proved of considerable extent, and, in the drift alluded to
above, five seams have been cut, varying in thickness from
18 in. to 3 ft., out of which 6 ft. of workable coal is found. It
is unsurpassed in the colonies for gas purposes, is an excellent
household coal, and very superior for steam use.
2. Kennedy Brothers, Nelson.-Block of coal from the
Brunner Mine, situated on the Grey River Neilson, seven miles
from the port of Greymouth. The seam now being worked is
of a uniform thickness of 16 ft., all pure clean coal, and has
been worked on a small scale during the past 12 years. The
output for the year ending July 1875 was 20,000 tons. A rail-
way is being constructed by the Government to connect the
mine with the port, and harbour improvements whereby a larger
class of vessels than at present will be enabled to enter are in
progress. The Company can now produce 2,000 tons per week.
Present price free on board at Greymouth is 15s. per ton. The
small quantity of this coal hitherto obtainable in the New Zealand
and Australian markets has been eagerly bought up for ga
gas-
works and iron foundries, who generally pay for it from 10 to
20 per cent. more than for any other coal. Engineers of local
steamers esteem it 20 per cent. better than the best New
South Wales coal for steam purposes.
36714.
པ
3. Kennedy Brothers, Nelson.-Coke, made from No. 2.
Value, 37. per ton.
4. Albion Coal Company, Nelson.--Block of coal, from
Ngakawau, Seam 10 feet thick, ascends from the sea level to
1,400 in Mr. Frederic Range, 20 miles North of Westport with
which the Mine is connected by Railway. bond in
5. Nelson Committee.-Block of coal from Coalbrook Dale,
Mount Rochfort, Nelson. Two seams of 8 ft. and 18 in. respec-
tively, at an elevation of 2,200 feet above the sea level. Esti-
mated area of field, 12 square miles.
6. Nelson Committee.-Block of coal from Reefton, Nelson.
7. Alexander W. Reid, Canterbury.-Altered brown coal
from Kowai Pass, 3 ft. seam. Area of field, 108 acres. Value
6
6 miles from a railway, and 50
at pit's mouth, 17. The pit is
miles from port of shipment.
8. Dr. Hector, C.M.G., F.R.S., Director of the Geological
Survey of New Zealand.
TYPE SPECIMENS ILLUSTRATING THE CLASSIFICATION OF NEW
ZEALAND COALS. DUOD
A. BITUMINOUS COAL (caking):
Specimen from Brunner Mine, Nelson. Much jointed,
homogeneous, tender, and friable; lustre pitch-like, glis-
tening, often iridescent; colour black, with a purple hue;
powder brownish; cakes s
cakes strongly; the best variety
forming a vitreous coke with brilliant metallic lustre.
Average evaporative power of several samples, 7 lbs.
of boiling water converted into steam for each pound of
X

322
Sh
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
coal. Occurs with grits and conglomerates of upper
Mesozoic age. Buller, Grey, and Collingwood Coal
Fields on the West Coast of Nelson. In seams from
2 to 20 ft. in thickness.
B. SEMI-BITUMINOUS Coal:
Specimen from Pakawau, Nelson. Compact, with laminæ
of bright and dull coal alternately; fracture irregular ;
lustre moderate; cakes moderately, or is non-caking.
Occurs in thin, irregular seams in sandstone of upper
Mesozoic age. Kawa Kawa and Wangarei, Auckland;
Pakawau, Nelson; Mount Hamilton and Waikava,
Otago. Rarely cakes strongly. Evaporative power com-
monly 63 lbs.
C. GLANCE COAL:
Specimen from Hill's Drive, Selwyn, Canterbury. Glance
coal is non-caking, massive, compact, or friable; frac-
ture cuboidal, splintery; lustre glistening or metallic;
structure obscurely laminated; colour black; does not
form a caking coke, but slightly adheres. A variety of
brown coal, altered by faulting or by igneous rocks, and
presenting every intermediate stage from brown coal to
an anthracite. Preservation Inlet and Malvern Hills.
D. PITCH COAL:
Specimen from Upper Buller, Nelson. Structure compact;
fracture smooth, conchoidal, jointed in large angular
pieces; colour brown or black; lustre waxy; does not
desiccate much on exposure, nor is it absorbent of
water; burns freely, and contains resin disseminated
throughout its mass. Waikato and Wangaroa, Auck-
land; West Wanganui, Nelson; Shag Point, Otago;
Morley Creek, Southland. Evaporative power 4·2 lbs.
E. BROWN COAL:
Specimen from Kaitangata, Otago. Rarely shows vege-
table structure; fracture irregular, conchoidal, with
incipient laminations; colour dark brown; lustre feeble;
cracks readily on exposure to the atmosphere, losing
5 to 10 per cent. of water, which is not re-absorbed;
burns slowly; contains resin in large masses. Occurs
generally throughout the Islands. Evaporative power
4.2 to 5.6 lbs. Saddle Hill, Otago; evaporative power
5 lbs..
9. J. J. Oakden, Canterbury.—Anthracitic coal from Lake
Coleridge, Canterbury. Two seams of 5 feet each. Supposed
extent of field 100 acres. Contains 90 per cent. of carbon.
Pit is distant 28 miles from a railway and 70 miles from port
of shipment.
10. Taranaki Committee.-Lignite from Urenui North
Taranaki.
11. Rowley Wilson & Company, Otago.-Block of coal from
Shag Point, Palmerston, Otago. Value per ton at pit's moutb,

12s.
GOLD, MINERALS, AND ORES.
Cl. 100.
Gold.
YIELD OF GOLD IN NEW ZEALAND UP TO 30TH SEPTEMBER 1875.
NORTH ISLAND (This gold is obtained by lode-mining in igneous rocks belonging to the
Neozoic epoch)
SOUTH ISLAND (chiefly obtained from the metamorphic rocks, by alluvial washing)
Value.
Quantity.
986,750 ozs. £3,520,782
6,888,926 £27,152,052
>>
Total Yield -7,875,676,, £30,672,834
Cl. 100.
GOLD SPECIMENS EXHIBITED BY THE NEW ZEALAND
GOVERNMENT.
Alluvial Gold from the Province of Nelson and County of Westland.
1. Alluvial Gold from Moonlight Creek, Nelson, procured
by washing the beds of creeks.
2. Alluvial Gold from Waimea, Westland, obtained by
washing beds of creeks. Samples taken from district through
which the proposed Great Waimea Water Race would run.
3. Fine Sea Drift, Okarito, Westland, obtained by washing
and sluicing the sea beaches.ofos (traseulmi india sahy s
4. Alluvial from Ross, Westland, obtained by deep sinking,
where the use of steam machinery is found to be necessary.
5. Equal parts of coarse and fine Alluvial from the Lyell,
Nelson, obtained by washing the beds of water-courses. To
6. Alluvial from Grey Valley, Nelson, obtained by sluicing.
7. Alluvial Sluiced, from Duke of Edinburgh Terrace,
Greenstone Creek, Westland. The locality whence this sample
came is traversed by the extensive Greenstone and Eastern
Hohonu Water Race.net
8. Alluvial from the Ho-ho, Westland, obtained by sluicing
ground that had been previously worked by shafts and tunnels.
9. Fine Alluvial Gold from iron-sand cement, Charleston,
Nelson. This sample of gold is usually saved by amalgamation
with mercury, and is most difficult to obtain in its present
form.
megzeg atesli nut Ixoa wole #dupo?


官
​NEW ZEALAND.
323
10. Ruby Sand from Charleston, Nelson. This sand is
found in granite, and the gold it contains is heavier and of
better quality than that in cement.
Thompson's Claim, Boatman's Inangahua.-Shows a width
of from 2 to 5 feet, and will yield from 1 to 2 oz. to the ton.
El Dorado Company, Registered.-Several small specimens.
11. Gold-bearing Black Sand from the Black Lead, Charles- The reef where first opened was 3 feet in width. Further south
ton, Nelson.
12. Auriferous Cement from Mokihinui River, Nelson.
Obtained 50 feet below surface of river terrace.
13. Auriferous Cement from Black Lead, Charleston,
Nelson.
14. Auriferous Sand from Addison Flat, Nelson.
15. Alluvial Gold. Wahamarino River, Marlborough.
16. 5 ozs., washed from the ocean beach below high-water
mark.
17. 5 ozs., obtained from a black sand lead about 50 yards
inland from high-water mark.
18. Sample of the ordinary obtained from sluicing claims
about 12 miles inland.
19. Sample nuggetty gold obtained from Moonlight Creek,
rising in high ranges about 20 miles inland.
Quartz specimens are from the Inangahua district. The gold
being fine is not easily seen in the stone.
Enterprise Company, Registered.-These specimens were
taken from the middle tunnel, at a distance of 110 feet from
the mouth of the drive, at a depth of 85 feet from the surface.
Energetic Company, Registered.-The stone was taken—(1)
from a shaft sunk 85 feet below a tunnel and 210 feet below
the surface. A trial crushing in February 1872 of ten tons of
this stone gave a result of 43 oz. 1 dwt. retorted gold. (2)
From No. 2 tunnel, 265 feet below the surface, and at a distance
of 298 feet from the mouth of the drive, at which place the reef
is 4 feet 6 inches thick, and very solid.
Rainy Creek Company, Registered.-The width of the reef
where discovered is 30 feet, and it carries this extraordinary
width for 900 feet. Gold appears to be well distributed
throughout the reef, and at the lower level it is heavier than at
the surface.
Cl. 100.
2
Alluvial Gold from the
1. Skipper's, Queenstown.-From upper terraces, Skipper's
Creek, Shotover River, about 1,400 ft. above sea level. The creek
empties itself into the Wakatipu Basin. Produce of sluicing claim.
2. Arrowtown.-From Arrow River, about 1,200 feet above
the sea level. The river empties into the Wakatipu Lake Basin.
Produce of sluicing claim.
3. Queenstown. From gullies adjoining and emptying into
Wakatipu Lake, which is 1,000 feet above sea level. Produce
of sluicing claim,
4. Naseby (Mount Ida).-Produce of sluicing claim at foot
of Mount Ida, on northern side of Maniototo Plains, about
1,400 feet above sea level.
5. Palmerston. Produce of sluicing claim in Shag Valley,
50 to 100 feet above the sea level,
it was cut 5 feet in width. The gold is fine, and well dis-
tributed throughout the stone. Zircons, garnets, cubical
pyrites, manganese, and sulphides of antimony are also found.
Just-in-Time Company, Registered.—The reef is 3 ft. 6 in.
wide. Specimens taken 15 feet below the level of the tunnel.
Victoria Company, Registered.-Reef averages 3 feet in
thickness. The specimens are taken from a level 360 feet
below the highest point proved.
All Nations. This reef is making to the south-west and has
an average thickness of 2 feet.
United Band of Hope Company, Registered.-Specimen 1
was taken from the surface where the reef first opened. From
this about 100 tons of stone crushed gave a return of 2 oz.
6 dwts. per ton. From this level to a depth of 140 feet, about
eighty tons crushed gave at the rate of 18 dwts. per ton. No. 2
is from a depth of 160 feet. From this last 31 tons crushed
at Westland machine gave a gross yield of 41 oz. melted gold.
Golden Hill Company.The reef varies from 4 feet to 1 foot
6 inches, average 2 feet 6 inches. About 480 tons of stone
crushed at the Westland machine gave a yield of oz. to the
ton.
North Star Company, Registered. The specimen was taken
from a level of 50 feet from the surface, a foot on the reef. The
reef is 5 feet in width, bearing about E. and W.
Invincible Gold Mining Company, Registered.-This speci-
men is from the surface, at a width of 2 feet on the reef, which
is here 4 feet 6 inches thick.
Wealth of Nations Company, Registered.-Two large bodies.
of stone have been intersected, each about 10 feet thick, showing
gold similar to that in the outcrop.
Province of Otago.
6. Nevis.-Produce of sluicing claim about 1,400 feet above
sea level.
7. Teviot. Obtained by dredging the River Molyneux,.
about 350 feet above sea level. Coarser gold is also got at
different parts of the river.
8. Blue Spur, Lawrence.-From sluicing claim. The hill or
spur is about 150 feet high, and is an outlier of the Pliocene
gravels.
9. Manuherikia.-Sluicing claim about 500 feet above sea
level.
10. Teviot.-Near the spot where these two nuggets were
got, another weighing 18 oz. was lately obtained. Produce of
sluicing claim at an elevation of 600 to 700 feet above the sea.
11. Specimen of Blue Spur Cement impregnated with gold.
Se dire gel beigelone Intra a al of Demiolox qalb sulI. *
x 2

324
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
LIST OF GOLD SPECIMENS COLLECTED FOR THE NEW ZEALAND COMMISSIONERS BY THE BANK OF
NEW ZEALAND.
Cl. 100.
Locality.
Weight.
GOLD FROM AUCKLAND.
Estimated Cost price per
Gold.
ounce.
Remarks.
ozs. dwts. grs.
£
Coromandel
106-200 ozs.
29 0 2
CR Co
s. d.
1
Grahamstown
103 ozs.
12 0 0
2 15 6
0
From the Union Beach Gold Mining Company. 2
specimens.
From Caledonian mine. Found 260 feet from the
surface in the No. 5 reef, composed of alternate
bands of sandstone and quartz-reef 5 feet thick
This reef runs nearly parallel to a reef which
gave 585,000l. in division within two years. 3
specimens. Silver, 32 per cent.
From the Cure Mine. Same reef as Caledonian,
claim adjoins and at same level. 4 specimens.
Silver, 32 per cent.
Grahamstown
85 ozs. 16 dwt.
11 0 0
2 15 0
No. on
Map.*
No. of
speci-
mens.
Locality.
I.
1
II.
GOLD FROM OTAGO.

Weight.
Cost price.
lozs.
ozs. dwts. grs.
1 0 0
£ s. d.
3 15 6
Average assay (decimally
expressed) 9167 British
Standard Gold.
Average
loss per
cent. in.
melting.
Remarks.
Queenstown, Moke
creek.
2
Queenstown, Moon-
1 050
3 15 6
light creek.
3
Queenstown, branches 1000
10 15 6 9,475
alloy silver
2.16
Terrace claim, tunnel work.
Has paid 31. 10s. per man
per week for past 12
months.
Terrace claim, tunnel work.
At work for seven years
averaging almost 47. per
man per week.
Ground sluicing.
of Upper Shotover.
Queenstown, Moon-
1 0 0 0 15 6 – 192
light creek.
Queenstown, Twelve
1
0
3 15 6
Do.
do.
Do.
do.
Mile, side of Lake
Wakatiper.
6
Queensland,
Big 100-
3 15 6
Beach, Shotover.
Arrowtown
0 12
26 11**
7 9,545
VTI
8
Macetown
1
0
0
3 15 69,540
9,540 je mjeku
9
Cardrona
0
17 12
6 1 5,600
The Map referred to is a small Geological Map with localities marked.
Ground sluicing claim worked
by 40 Chinamen, the
weekly average yield being
25 ozs.
Large sized nuggets, charac-
teristic of the yield of the
district.
Large sized nuggets, charac-
teristic of the yield of the
district.
Large sized nuggets, charac-
teristic of the yield of the
district.
1.97
2.25
1.75
"

NEW ZEALAND.
325
No. on
Map.*
No. of
speci-
mens.
Locality.sk
Weight.
Cost price.
Average assay (decimally
expressed) 9167 British
Standard Gold.
loss per
Average
cent. în
melting.
Remarks.
ozs. dwts. grs.
£ s. d.
III.
10
Cromwell, Nevis and
2 18
15 12
5
the Kawarau Gorge.
11
Cromwell, Nevis and
0 0
3 15
6
the Kawarau Gorge
12
Cromwell, Brown's
1
0
0
3 15
6
flat.
13
Cromwell, Brown's 1
0
0
3 15
6 |
9,560 alloy silver
3.18
flat.
14
Cromwell, Brown's 1
0
0
3 15
6
flat.
15
Cromwell,
Gentle
1
0
0
3.15 6
Annie.
16
Cromwell, Lowburn
1
0
0
3 15 6
95,60
3.18
Obtained by cradling, banks
of the Clutha river.
„Obtained by sluicing, Brown's
Flat, Kawarau river.
Obtained by sluicing, the
Ten Mile, Tynewell creek.
Obtained by sluicing Doctor's
Flat, Bannockburn.
Do.
do.
Obtained by sluicing, Creek
Terrace workings.
17
Cromwell, Bannock-
1
0
0
3 15
6
Do.
do.
burn.
IV.
18
Alexandra
0
15 0
2 16 8
9,635
2.47
Obtained by sluicing, River
River workings.
V.
19
Roxburgh
0
10
0
1 17
9
9,530
2.64
VI.
20
Naseby, Spec Gully
1
0
0
3 15 6
Do.
21
Naseby, Surface Hill
1
0
0
3 15
6
9,800
3.14
Do.
22
Naseby, Kyeburn
1
0
0
3 15
6
The rare metal iri-
Do.
999
do.
do.
do.
dium is occasion-
ally associated
with the gold from
the Naseby field.
VII. 23
St. Bathan's
1 0
3 15 6
VIII. 24-33
Palmerston
10
0
0
37 15 0
9,565 alloy silver
IX. 34
Lawrence
1
0
0
3 15 6
35
Do.
2
15
0
10 7
8
9,665
36
Do.
1
0
0
3 15 6
macar og
X.
37
Waitahuna
1
0
0
3 15 6
9,685
3.75
38
Do.
1
0
0
3 15 6
XI. 39
Tapanui
1 0 0
3 15 6
9,810
XII. 40
XIII. 41 Oamaru
Tokomairiro
1
1
0
0
0
3 15 6 9,580
0
3 15 9 9,755
Obtained by sluicing, River-
River workings.
3.88 See description on bottles.
Ordinary yield of the district.
3.36 Large nuggets.
3.40
34:15
3.99
From the stamper boxes of
the Otago Gold Mining
Company, obtained from
cement.
Ordinary yield of the district.
Obtained from auriferous
cement sluicing
sluicing claim.
Nuggetty Hill.
Obtained from auriferous
drift, under 6 feet of clay
or a large flat. Waikaka
diggings.
Ordinary yield of the district.
Ordinary yield of the district.
Maruwhemea gold field.
* The Map referred to is a small Geological Map with localities marked.
42. Auriferous quartz from the Phoenix Claim skipper's.
Width of lode 8 feet; sample taken from a depth of 240 feet.
The battery used for crushing is one of 30 stampers, driven
by a turbine wheel. Proprietors, Messrs. F. and G. T. Bullen.
Manager, Mr. F. Evans.
F. Evans. A first crushing
A first crushing of 40 tons of this
stone yielded 239 ozs. gold.
Auriferous quartz from the Nugget and Cornish Quartz
Mining
Mining Company Width of lode from 12 to 18 feet; sample
taken from a depth of 80 feet. The mine is worked by adits
running into the hill and back sloped. Machine for crushing
consists of 12 head of stampers, the motive power being a
turbine wheel (Whitelow and Kerrat's patent). Manager Mr.
T. F. Roskrye.

326
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
Gold as Exported.
...
1. One Bar of Melted Gold from West Coast, Kokitika, | Refining Process, and as exported by the Bank of New Zealand,
Westland-
Assay-Gold
:
oz. dwts. grs.
⚫9627 Fine Gold
9 14 16
Silver
⚫0363
Auckland-
oz. dwts. grs.
Assay-Gold
•9942=Fine Gold - 9
19
20
Silver - ⚫0058
Weight, 10 oz. 1 dwt.
Copper *0010
Weight, 10 oz. 2 dwts. 6 grs.
2. One Bar of Melted Gold from Thames District, Province
of Auckland-
Assay-Gold 6565-Fine Gold
Silver. 3390=Silver
Copper ⚫0045
Weight, 10 oz. 2 dwts. 6 grs.
oz. dwts. grs.
6
12 18
3 8 13
3. One Bar of Refined Gold, as extracted by Chlorine
4. One Bar of Chloride of Silver. The gold having been
separated by the Chlorine Refining Process, the chloride is
reduced to metallic silver by the galvanic action of iron plates
and acidulated water. Weight, 8 oz. 2 dwts. 6 grs., containing
6 oz. of silver.
5. One Bar of Silver, extracted from Thames gold, Province
of Auckland, by Chlorine Refining Process. Very nearly fine
silver, only a trace of gold left. Weight, 10 oz. 4 dwts. 18 grs.
6. Model representing a Bar of Gold, weighing 375 oz., as
exported by the Bank of New Zealand, Auckland.
As
CI. 100.
MINERALS AND ORES.
Parapara Iron and Coal Company, Nelson.-Brown Hæma-
tite Ore, found in vast quantities on the surface of the ground
at Parapara, in practically unlimited quantities. In close
proximity to an extensive coal field. Yields 50 per cent. of
iron.
2. Johnstone Brothers, Nelson.-Hæmatite Iron Ore, similar
to No. 1; easily convertible into the best steel. Brown and
red paints are made from this ore. See Paints and Dyes,
p. 328).
3. Nelson Committee. Chrome Iron Ore from the Dun
Mountain, Nelson. Obtainable in unlimited quantities.
4. Nelson Committee.- Iron Ore from Bedstead Gully,
Collingwood, Nelson.
5. T. B. Louisson, Nelson.-Iron Ore as found in the Para-
para District, Collingwood.
6. T. B. Louisson, Nelson.-Iron Ore, calcined. From this
ore an excellent pigment is made, being composed of pure
peroxide of iron. (See Paints and Dyes, p. 328).
7. Nelson Committee.-Plumbago from Pakawau, Nelson.
8. Nelson Committee.-Galena from Bedstead, Gully, Col-
lingwood.
9. Nelson Committee.-Galena and Zinc blende from Para-
para Valley.
10. Nelson Committee.-Zinc blende and Galena from Bed-
stead Gully, Collingwood.
Cl. 100. 10. feb. mogud, oli meil stesen mot
11. Nelson Committee.--Copper Ore from the Dun Moun-
tain at Nelson.
12. Nelson Committee.--Sulphuret of Copper from Parapara
Valley.
13. Nelson Committee.-Antimony Ore from Inangahua.
14. Nelson Committee. Antimony from Rainy Creek,
Reefton.
15. W. E. Washbourn, Nelson.-Argentiferous Lead Ore
from Richmond Hill, Parapara. Value, 50l. per ton.
16. Taranaki Committee.-Titanic Iron Sand.
17. A. Ross, Poverty Bay, Auckland.—Two jars of Petro-
leum.
18. Taranaki Committee-
GEOLOGICAL SPECIMENS :
Older Tertiary Marl, North Tarendir.
Trachyte Pebble.
Trachyte with crystals of hornblende.
Trachyte cast from a well in New Plymouth, ancient sea
beach, 500 yards inland of present beach.
Older Tertiary Marl, white cliffs.
Horn blende.
Obsidian.
Nephrite.
Tarakanite.
Carnelian, found on beach, New Plymouth.
MINERALS, &c. pall
Dr. Hector, Colonial Museum, Wellington—yab a much nadat
MAGNETIC IRON ORES :ple deed has foi sute dául grin
hola
Magnetic Iron Ore, Dun Mountain, Nelson. From a vein
16 in. thick in serpentinous slates.
Magnetic Iron Ore, Wakatipu Lake, Otago. From a vein
in mica schists.
Magnetic Iron Ore, Maramara, Frith of Thames. From
a vein in ferriferous slates; contains also oxides and
titanium of manganese.

KO NEW ZEALAND. 10 ONUN
327
Iron-Band Ore, Nelson. Contains 70 per cent. of iron.
Also Wyndham River, Otago, and Manukua, Auckland
-formed by the black sand-layers becoming cemented
with hæmatite. This would be a most valuable ore if
obtained in large quantities.
Black Iron Sand, from beach at Taranaki.
Compound of Iron Sand, Ferruginous Earth, and Ground
Charcoal.
Iron Sand cemented by heat.
Bloom of Iron.
Bar of Crude Metal as from the blast furnace.
Bar of Crude Titanic Steel.
Bar of Workable Steel.
HÆMATITES :
Specular Iron Ore, Dun Mountain, Nelson. Occurs in
irregular veins in greenstone rocks; contains 63 per
› cent. of metallic iron.
Specular Iron Ore, Maori Point, Shotover, Otago. A six-
foot vein in mica schist, equally rich with the above;
extent unknown. This ore forms, the large heavy pebbles
known as Black Maori in the auriferous gravels of the
diggers.
Compact Iron Ore, D'Urville Island, Nelson.
Vein,
thickness unknown, in diorite slate, with serpentine and
chrome, yields 63 per cent. of iron.
Concretionary Hæmatite or Limonite, Mongonui, Auck-
land. Occurs strewn on the surface from the decom-
position of clays, associated with lignite seams; a
common ore.
Hæmatite (about 40 per cent. of iron), Collingwood,
Nelson. Occurs intermixed with quartz pebbles in a
stratum 100 ft. thick, exposed over several acres.
Hæmatite. Exhibited by W. Lodder, Auckland.
Hæmatite, Collingwood. Exhibited by Johnston and
Louison, Nelson.
Hæmatite Pigment. Exhibited by Johnston and Louison,
Nelson.
Ironstone (two specimens). Exhibited by E. Ford, Christ-
church, Canterbury.
Ironstone, Malvern, Canterbury. Exhibited by W. Wilson
Christchurch, Canterbury.
Bog Iron Ore, Spring Swamps, Auckland. Forms thick
layers at the bottom of swamps. Though rich in iron,
the ore is inferior, on account of the sulphur and
phosphorus it usually contains.
Reniform Iron Ore, or Hydrous Hæmatite, Mongonui.
Carbonaceous Iron Ore with coal seams, Collingwood.
CHROME ORES
The pure ore contains 50 per cent. of the chrome oxide.
and is worth from 117. to 201. per ton, according to the
state of the market. Used for manufacture of pigments
and dye salts.
Massive Chromic Iron.
Crystallized Chromic Iron. From irregular lodes in ser-
pentine bands. Dun Mountain, Nelson.M/
Dunite, interspersed with crystal of chrome ore. Dun
Mountain, Nelson,
COPPER ORES-
Copper Pyrites. Mixture of sulphides of copper and iron.
From a lode 3 to 5 ft. thick in mica schist, Moke Creek,
Wakatipu Lake. The ore is very pure, and contains
from 11 to 55 per cent. of metallic copper; the usual
average of such ore in Cornwall being only five per cent.
There is limestone in close vicinity to the lode; so that
there would be no difficulty in reducing the ore to a
regulus," in which state it would save cost in ship-
artment.;
Grey Sulphide, Wangapeka, Nelson. Contains 55 per
cent. of copper, together with a little silver and gold.
Cupreous Iron Ore, in Serpentine, Dun Mountain. In-
teresting from its being slightly auriferous. The present
value of crude (unrefined) copper is 307. per
rton.
Copper Ore. Decimal Company's Mine, Collingwood,
Nelson.
wvojbå anbollagh
Graphite. Collingwood, Nelson.
LEAD ORES-
ton.
Galena, Wangapeka, Nelson. Sulphide of lead, with
quartz that contains also sulphides of iron, and anti-
mony with gold, in veins in felspathic schist. The
Galena contains 26 oz. of silver per ton. The gold is
only in those parts of the ore that contain Iron pyrites.
Galena with Zinc Blende, Perseverance Mind, Collingwood,
Nelson. Occurs in a band 2 to 5 ft. thick, parallel with
auriferous quartz veins. These two ores are both pure,
but so intermixed in the lode that they could not be
reduced separately. 100 tons has been sent to Great
Britain to test the value of this ore.
ZINC ORE (Yellow or Honey Blende)-
This ore occurs in the Perseveance Mine, Collingwood,
Nelson, and in small quantity in Tararua Creek, Thames,
in white cement with auriferous veins. It contains 60 per
cent of metallic zinc, which is worth about 157. per
ton.
MANGANESE ORES—
Uses: For generation of chlorine for bleaching purposes;
Uses:
also for calico printing, &c. The value of these common
ores is 37. to 41.
also for calico primerton.
Rhodonite (silicate of manganese), Dunstan Otago. As
rolled masses. Percentage of manganese about 40.
Wad (hydrous oxide). Port Hardy, D'Urville Island,
Nelson. Percentage of manganese about 45.
Braunite or Manganese, on Malvern Hills, Canterbury.
Exhibited by E. Ford, Christ Church, Canterbury.

328
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.— COLONIAL SECTION.
PETROLEUM ROCK OIL-
Oozes from cracks in trachyte breccia, Sugarloaf Point,
Taranaki. Wells have been bored to the depth of many
. hundred feet, but no steady supply of oil has been
obtained. Crude oil has a specific gravity of 962.7 at
60°, and yields by fractional distillation oils having the
following gravities:
10
2 per cent. of oil of sp. gr.
8
60
*
80 kad
.874
.893
⚫917
*941
The kerosene oil of commerce has a density of 810 to
*820.
This oil is therefore quite unadapted as a substitute for
kerosene, but might be used with great advantage as a
lubricant.
PETROLEUM—
guadian
Waiapu, East Coast of Auckland Province. Crude oil has a
specific gravity of 872 at 58° Fahr.; boiling point, 290ª
Fahr.; flashing point, 230° Fahr. This oils yields, when
distilled, as follows:-
Cl. 102, 104.
Fine lamp oil
Inferior lamp oil
37.75
11.20 per cent. of sp. gr. 820
50,,
12.853
Lubricating oil
25.69
Parafine
16.00
Bituminous residue - 9.36
100⚫
By repeated rectifications this oil would probably yield 20
per cent. of lamp oil adapted for consumption in com-
mon kerosene lamps. A small sample of oil from the
same district had specific gravity 866, and gave, when
twice rectified, 10 per cent. of lamp oil of specific
gravity 819, or at proof, 40°. Aga
PETROLEUM OIL-
Waipawa River, Poverty Bay, Province of Auckland.
STEATITE-
Collingwood, Nelson. Occurs in a large mass or dyke in
the Parapara Valley.
MARBLE-
Collingwood, Nelson.
Forms a large part a mountain
range, and could be quarried and shipped with facility in
blocks of any size.

BUILDING STONE, FIRECLAY, &c.
1. Parapara Iron and Coal Company, Nelson.-Limestone.
Occurs in quantity at a considerable distance beneath the out-
crop coal measures. Intended to be used as a flux in the
reduction of the brown hæmatite ore which is found in great
quantities in the district.
2. W. Wilson, Christchurch.—a. White limestone; b. yellow
limestone. Obtainable in blocks of from 1 to 10 tons.
3. Nelson Committee. Marble from Ruatanuka, Golden
Bay.
4. Nelson Committee. Porcelain clay from Pakawau.
5. Nelson Committee.-Clay from Pakawau.
6. Nelson Committee.-Clay from Ruatanuka, Golden Bay.
Cl. 202, 602.
PAINTS, DYES, AND
1. T. B. Louisson, Nelson.-Hæmatite Paint, made from
the ore found in unlimited quantities at Parapara, Nelson.
Being a pure peroxide of iron, it is the best preservative of that
metal. Wood coated with this paint is comparatively unin-
flammable; it is, therefore, much used in painting shingled
roofs. Value 25l. per ton.
2. Johnstone Brothers, Nelson.-Umber Pigment, made from
the raw hæmatite ore found at Parapara.
3. Johnstone Brothers, Nelson.-Red Pigment, made from
calcined hæmatite ore found at Parapara.pn
4. W. S. Grayling, Taranaki.-Bark of the Hinau (Elæo-
carpus dentatus), and sample of Phormium fibre dyed therewith
by the Maoris,
7. Taranaki Committee.-Potter's clay from Urenui.
8. Kennedy Brothers, Nelson.-Fireclay from a seam of 8 ft.,
underlying the coal at the Brunner Mine.
9. Kennedy Brothers, Nelson.-Fireclay, same as No. 8,
ground ready for brick-making or other fire goods. Is sold at
60s. per ton at Greymouth.
10. Kennedy Brothers, Nelson.-Fire-bricks, manufactured
at the company's works at the Brunner Mine. Value, 67-71,
per 1,000 at Greymouth.
11. Nelson Committee.-Steatite from Golden Gully Colling-
wood.
TANNING BARKS.
5. Taranaki Committee.-Bark of the Atauhero (Rhabdo-
thamnus solandri). Produces a red dye.
6. Taranaki Committee.-Bark of the Pukatea (Athero-
sperma novæ-zealandia). The inner bark contains a powerful
anodyne.
7. W. S. Grayling, Taranaki. — Extract of Kamai or
Towhai (Weinmannia racemosa). A forest tree abundant in
many parts of New Zealand. The bark has been successfully
applied as a tanning agent. It is also used by the Maoris in
producing their red and brown colours. The dye obtained from
this gives a very fast class of shades upon cotton. It can be
sold at the same price as gambier and catechu.


NEW ZEALAND.
329
Bark of the Towhai, from which the extract is obtained.
Timber of the Towhai.
11. Dr. Hector, Colonial Museum.
TAN BARKS, native to New Zealand:
b
8. W. S. Grayling, Taranaki.-Two samples of Extract of Wood of Fuchsia excorticata, native name Kotukutuku ;
Hinau.
The Hinau Elaeocarpus dentatus is a large forest tree, abun-
dantly diffused throughout most parts of New Zealand. The
bark has been successfully used in tanning operations. The
natives also use it in producing the beautiful black dye for their
flax work, for which purpose the bark is first bruised and boiled
for a short time. When cold, the flax if put into the mixture,
where it is left for two days, after which it is taken out and
steeped thoroughly for two days in red swamp mud, rich in
The
peroxide of iron, when it is removed and dried in the sun.
Hinau can be used in the manufacture of ink, by dissolving a
small quantity of the extract in water, and adding a little rust
of iron. As it contains neither corrosive acid nor gum, the pen
is neither injured nor clogged. The extract of Hinau can also
be used instead of logwood.
The extract of Towhai is much more astringent than that of
Hinau, and needs only to be introduced to be accepted by
tanners.
9. Westland Committee.-Bark of the Tawai or Red Birch
(Fagus menziesii), suitable for tanning purposes; also a sample
of the extract fluid.
10. W. S. Grayling, Taranaki.-Blue earth, supposed to be
vivianite or a phosphate of iron. Used by the Maoris, mixed
with shark oil, as a deep and brilliant blue paint.
Cl. 620.
percentage of tannin, 5.3.
Bark of Eugenia maire, native name Whawhako; per-
centage of tannin, 16.7.
Bark of Elæcarpus hookerianus, native name Pokako;
percentage of tannin, 9.8.
Bark of Coriaria ruscifolia, native name Tutu; per-
centage of tannin, 16.8.
Bark of Knightia excelsa, native name Rewarewa; per-
centage of tannin, 2·7.
Bark of Elacarpus dentatus, native name Kiri-Hinau;
percentage of tannin, 21.8.
Bark of Weinmannia racemosa, native name Tawheri;
percentage of tannin, 12.7.
Bark of Myrsine urvillei, native name Mapau; percen-
tage of tannin, 1·4.
Bark of Phyllocladus trichomanoides, native name Kiri-
Toa-Toa; percentage of tannin, 23.2.
Bark of Hoheria populnea, var. augustifolia.
Hirneola auriculo-Judae, Ear Fungus; exported largely
to China by Chinese emigrants.
Leaves of Celmisia coriacea, native name Tikapu; hills
of South Island. elyloid of
12. Taranaki Committee.-Earth used by Maoris as a mor-
dant for dyes.
GRAIN AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE.
W. D. Wood, Christchurch, Canterbury.-
1. 25 lbs. Tuscan Wheat, weighs 68 lbs. per imperial
bushel.
2. 25 lbs. Rough Chaff Wheat, weighs 66 lbs. per imperial
bushel.
3. 25 lbs. Velvet Chaff Wheat, weighs 65 lbs. per imperial
bushel.
4. 25 lbs. Red Chaff Wheat, weighs 641 lbs. per imperial
bushel.
5. 50 lbs. of Flour.
P. Cunningham & Co. Christchurch, Canterbury.-11 ordi-
nary samples of Wheat, grown in the province of Can-
terbury.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
bushel Pearl Wheat.
»
14.,,
15.
16.
Hunter's White Wheat.
Tuscan
Hunter's White
Velvet Chaff
Red Chaff
Purple Straw
Velvet Chaff
Pearl
Pearlb
Red Chaff
Tuscan
**
(
John G. Ruddenklau, Addington, Canterbury-
17. 1 bag Champion White Wheat; yield, 45 bushels per
acre; value, 4s. 6d. per bushel.
18. Robert Wilkins, Christchurch Canterbury. Half-bushel of
Perennial Rye Grass Seed (Lolium perenne), grown by Rev.
T. R. Fisher, Selwyn District; soil, sandy loam; yield,
30 bushels per acre value, 6s. 6d. per bushel of 20 lbs. ; weight,
18 lbs. or 36 lbs. per bushel.
19. Half-bushel Cocksfoot Seed (Dactylis glomerata), grown
by executors of Ebenezer Hay at Banks Peninsula. Soil,
volcanic hills. The seed was sown on cleared bush land, but
not ploughed or cultivated in any way; yield not known;
10 lbs. or 20 lbs. per bushel.
value, 7d. per lb.; weight, 10 lbs. or 20 lbs. per bushel.
20. E. H. Banks, Christchurch, Canterbury. Rye, grown
in Ashburton District. Soil, fine black loam, shingle bottom,
formerly covered with native flax (Phormium); sown in May;
2 bushels of 60 lbs. per acre; crop average, 40 bushels per acre;
value, 4s. per bushel.
21.
per me
21. Malt, made in Christchurch, from Barley grown in
Selwyn District. Soil, rich black loam, formerly laid down
Septem,
with English grasses; sown in September; 21 bushels of 50 lbs.
per acre; value, 8s. per bushel of 40 lbs.
22. Barley, grown in Leeston District. Soil, light porous,
made rich by sheep feeding upon turnips and mangolds, and by

330
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
artificial drainage; sown in October; 2 bushels of 50 lbs. per
acre; crop average, 45 bushels; value, 5s. per bushel.
23. Broad Beans, grown in Lincoln District. Soil, old flax
(Phormium) swamp, with stiff clay subsoil; sown in July;
1 bushels of 60 lbs. per acre; crop average, 30 bushels; value,
12
4s. per bushel.
24 Canadian Oats, grown in Rolleston District. Soil,
very light, formerly a sheep run; sown in August. Two
bushels of 40 lbs. per acre; crop average 45 bushels; value
2s. 10d. per bushel.
25. Black Tartarian oats, grown in Ashburton district ;
soils, alternate down and flax (Phormium) swamp, at present an
extensive sheep-breeding station; sown in August, 2 bushels
of 40 lbs. per acre; crop in 1875 about 30,000 bushels, three
fourths of which are crushed and consumed on the station,
feeding long wool sheep and horses. Value, 2s. 6d. per bushel.
26. Horse beans, grown in Kaiapoi district soil, very heavy
swamp land, strong clay bottom, covered by a silt deposit
caused by a periodical overflow of the Waimakariri river;
sown in July, 2 bushels of 60 lbs. per acre; crop average,
35 bushels; value, 5s. per bushel.
27. Field peas, grown in Prebbleton district. Soil, light
loam, shingle bottom; sown in July, 2 bushels of 60 lbs. per
acre; crop average, 40 bushels ; value, 4s. 6d. per bushel.
28. Chaff from oaten hay, grown in Heathcote District, cut
by a Buncle (of Melbourne) patent cutter, screen and packer
Cl. 667.
combined, packed and pressed ready for shipment to the diffe-
rent gold diggings, in bales of 5 sacks, weighing about 34 cwt.
and measuring 17 ft.; value, 57. 10s. per ton.
29. Field peas, grown in Templeton district. Soil, very light,
well drained, mostly shingle bottom. Sown in July, 2 bushels
of 60 lbs. per acre; crop average 30 bushels; value, 4s. 6d.
per bushel.
The above are intended to show the produce of the different
districts in the province of Canterbury.
The quantity per acre given in the actual result in these
particular eases. The price is what each exhibit would com-
mand free on board at Port Lyttelton, in large parcels, nett
cash.
..
30-57. Twenty-eight samples of grain, &c., a fair average of
farmers' delivery at exhibitors' store. All grown within 50
miles of Christchurch. Season, 1875.
58. Four sheaves of prime Tartarian white oats, cut green
for fodder.
59. Hooper and Dodson, Nelson.-Hops, picked in March,
1875. Crop off 5 acres, 106 cwt,
*
60. John Gilmour, Christchurch, Canterbury.-One ham,
clothed; one ham, bare weight each, 12 lbs.; value, 1s.
per lb.
61. One side of bacon, clothed; one side, bare weight, each
26 lbs.; value, 1s. per lb.
WOOL.

1. W. S. Peter, Anama, Ashburton, Canterbury.-Merino,
male, 12 months old, not previously shorn, first combing, in
grease. Average weight, 6 lbs. Average price of previous
clips, 1s. 1d. all round except locks, sold at Christchurch
privately.
2. Samuel Bealey, Canterbury.-10 Fleeces, second cross
from Merino ewe by Romney Marsh or Kent ram; ewes and
wethers, 14 months old, not previously shorn, first combing, in
grease. Average weight, 10.3 lbs. Average price of previous
clips in London, 1s. 3d. in grease, and 1s. 10d. to 2s. 6d. cold
water washed.
3. A. W. Rutherford, Mendip Hill, Amuri, Nelson.— Merino,
ewe hoggetts, 14 months old, not previously shorn, dipped in
February 1875 in lime and sulphur for ticks, greasy super first
combing. Average price of previous clips in London 1873
greasy fleece, 1s. 4d. to ls. 5d.; 1874 greasy fleece, 1s. 5d. to
1s. 6d.
4. George A. Anstey, Canterbury.-Merino, bred by John
Cl. 666.
Hartland, of Mount Parnassus, Amuri, Nelson, four-year old
rams; date of previous shearing, 25th November 1874,
months growth, dipped in November 1874 in lime and sulphur,
first combing in grease. Average price of previous clips in
London, 1874 portion of clip (without rams), 1s. 12d.; 1875
portion of clip, without rams, 1s. 3 d.
5. J. Cathcart Wason, Corwar, South Rakaia, Canterbury.
-Merino, 6 tooth wethers, 12 months' growth, greasy. Ave-
rage price of previous clips in London, 9d. to 1s. 5d.
6. J. Cathcart Wason, Corwar, South Rakaia, Canterbury.
-Lincoln, full-mouth ewes, bred by Thomas Kirkham, of
Beresthorpe and Dudding, of Pantin, Lincolnshire, England,
imported in March 1874 from England, being then 4 tooth
12 months' growth, in grease.
7. J. Cathcart Wason, Corwar, South Rakaia, Canterbury.
-Cross between Lincoln and Merino, 2-tooth ewes, 12 months'
growth. Average price of previous slips in London, 1s. 1d. to
1s. 4d. in grease.
PHORMIUM TENAX, OR NEW ZEALAND FLAX, RAW AND MANUFACTURED,
Cold-water Dressing.-The leaf of the Phormium Tenax, or New Zealand Flax, is fed to a machine called
a "stripper," at the rate of 100 to 120 feet per minute. The drums of these stripping machines are driven at
the rate of 1,000 to 2,000 revolutions per minute, their diameter being from 14 to 20 inches. After passing

A NEW ZEALAND.
331
through the strippers, the partially-cleaned fibre is hand-washed in bundles of about 20 leaves; these bundles
are then suspended in water and allowed to soak for about two hours; the fibre is then spread out on the
bleaching ground for a time, which varies according to weather, and then hung on lines to dry; it is then
either scutched or hackled, or both, packed in bales, and pressed for shipment. When the stripper is in good
order and the fibre has been fairly cleaned, the loss in scutching amounts to from 3 to 5 cwt. per ton, and in
hackling from 2 to 3 cwt.
Warm-water Dressing. After passing the leaf through the stripper, as in cold-water dressing, the fibre is
washed and placed to soak from 6 to 24 hours in tanks filled with warm water, which is kept heated either by
means of a fire or a steam pipe; when taken out it is scutched or hackled, or both these operations are
performed.
Maori or Native Dressing.-The Maoris only use a portion of the fibre on one side of the leaf, the leaves
being selected with great care. They scrape the leaf with a mussel shell, or a piece of hoop iron, on the thigh;
it is then soaked in cold water and dried.
Some of their very fine samples are obtained from particular varieties of the plant, and then only the
youngest and best leaves are used, particular attention being also paid to the manipulation.
1. Charles Chinnery, Addington, Canterbury.-1 bale, ma-
chine dressed, washed, bleached, scutched, and hackled. Valued
by exhibitor at 30l. per ton free on board.
2. Taranaki Committee.-1 bale, machine dressed.
3. Edward Moyle, Taranaki.-3 samples of cord.
4. Thomas Bevan, junior, Otaki, Wellington.-1 hank of
native-dressed fibre. The Maoris only use a portion of the
fibre on one side of the leaf, the leaves being selected with great
care. They scrape the leaf with a mussel shell or a piece of
hoop iron. The fibre is then soaked in cold water and dried.
5. Thomas Bevan, junior, Otaki, Wellington.-Rope manu-
factured from native-dressed fibre, 2 fish lines, horse halter,
lead-line, twine, double twine.
James Cook, Nelson.-Mats and matting.
7. Mrs. Richard Taylor, Wanganui, Wellington.-Orna-
mental satchel and table mat.
Bevan and Sons, Wellington.-Assortment of Cords and
Twines. Manufactured from Native-dressed Fibre by Exhi-
bitors.
2 coils 5 inch 4 Strand Oiled Rope.
2
4
4
2
3호
​4
2
3
3
2
2}} 3
>>
1 coil of White Rope. Ad pn banalan
Canterbury Flax Association, Christchurch, Canterbury.-
Assortment of Cordage, tarred and untarred. 7 exhibits.
T. Lennon, Christchurch, Canterbury. Assortment of
Cordage, Ropes, and Twines. Manufactured by Exhibitor.
W. Cook, Nelson.-12 exhibits, all manufactured by Exhi-
bitor, viz.:-2 Hearth-rugs, 2 Parlour Mats, 2 Bedroom Mats
4 Hall Mats, 1 Railway Mat, and 1 Carriage Mat.
Simons and Malcolm, Nelson.-2 Door Mats.
Colonial Museum, Wellington.-10 Maori Mats, viz. :-
1 Flax and Kaka Feathers.
1 Flax and Pigeon Feathers (Kereru).
1 Flax and Kiwi Feathers (Eheruheru).
•DSUCA1233 Parawai Mats.
Kinross and Company, Hawke Bay-Nine exhibits of
Cordage and Twines, made from Maori-dressed fibre.
Grant and Company, Otago.-Assortment of Cordage. Manu-
factured by Exhibitors.
Auckland Patent Steam Rope Company, Auckland:
1 coil 6 inch 4 strand White Rope.
1,, 6 „, 4
Cl. 656.
Oiled
1 Piu Piu.
1 Korowai.
1 Pota.
1 Pureke.
Shoes, Apron, Bag, Dyed Fibre, of Maori Manufacture.
Tarahora.-1 fancy Mat, Maori manufacture.
J. B. Armstrony.-Phormium Seeds. Varieties.
MANUFACTURES.
1. New Zealand Provision and Produce
Company, Christchurch, Canterbury. 4 tins
Ox Tongues; 5 tins Sheep Tongues; 4 tins
Corned Beef; 3 tins Boiled Beef; 4 tins
Corned Mutton; 4 tins B
4 tins Boiled Mutton. All
hermetically sealed and preserved so as to
keep good for years.
2. David Nairn, Addington, Canterbury.
Tomato Sauce; value, 16s. per pints; 8s. per
half-pints.

332
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. COLONIAL SECTION.
3. John Horler, Woolston, Canterbury.
56 lbs. Soap; value 287. per ton.
Cl. 659.154. John Horler, Woolston, Canterbury.
40 lbs. Mould Candles; value 41d. per lb.
Cl. 656.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660.
660.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 300.
Cl. 709.
5. Trent Brothers, Christchurch, Canter-
bury. Chicory in two stages of preparation.
Can be put free on board at Port Littelton at
from 5d. to 6d. per lb., according to package.
Photographs of the works and descriptive
pamphlet.
6. James Smith, Nelson. 12 sorts of Fruit
Wines.
7. Henderson and Farran, Wanganui,
Wellington.-6 bottles Ale (No. 1). Prepared
from malt and hops both grown and made
in Nelson. Value 8s. per dozen. Brewed
18th June 1875; bottled 18th July 1875.
6 bottles Ale (No. 2). Prepared from malt
grown and made in Canterbury, and from
hops grown in Nelson. Brewed 21st August
and bottled 14th September 1875. Value 8s.
per dozen.
6 bottles Porter (No. 1). Prepared from
malt and hops both grown and made in Nelson.
Brewed 21st June and bottled 22nd July 1875.
Value 10s. per dozen.
6 bottles Porter (No. 2). Prepared from
malt grown and made in Canterbury, and
from hops grown in Nelson. Brewed 24th
August and bottled 21st September 1875.
Value 10s. per dozen.
1 keg of Bulk Ale, prepared from malt
grown and made in Canterbury, and from
hops grown in Nelson. Brewed 15th Octo-
ber 1875. Value 51.
Value 51. per hogshead.
8. Thomas Wilson, Woolston, Canterbury.
Saddle and Harness Leather. 1 side black
Harness; 1 side brown Harness; 1 side black
Rein; 1 side fair Skirt; 1 side fair Saddle
Seat; 1 side Thong Hide; 1 side stained
Stirrup; 1 side stained Bridle; 1 side stained
Bag; 1 stained Hogskin; 1 fair Hogskin.
Shoemakers' Leather: 1 side waxed Kip;
1 side grained Kip; 1 waxed Calf Skin ;
1 grained Calf Skin; 2 Kid Skins; 1 black
grained Goat Skin; 2 black Basils; 1 sole
Butt.
Fancy Coloured Skins for Shoemakers and
Bookbinders: 1 strained Basil; 1 soft Basil;
3 dyed Sheepskins; 5 dyed Goatskins: 7
coloured Mats of various colours.
9. Armitage, Taranaki.-Dressed Kip and
Calf Leather prepared with bark of Acacia
decurrens.
The
10. Thomas Morris, Oamara, Otago.-
Improved Gentleman's Town Saddle.
improvement consists of the skirt being joined
together and fitted all round the cantle. Value
in New Zealand, with furniture complete,
107. 108.
11. Webley Brothers, Nelson.-3 samples
of Nelson Tweed, made from New Zealand
wool. Price 5s. 6d. per yard.
12. Webley Brothers, Nelson.-1 case of
samples of Nelson Tweed, made from New
Zealand wool.
13. James Cook, Nelson.-Woollen Rugs
woven and dyed at Nelson.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 296.
Cl. 235.
Cl. 235.
Cl. 237.
14. James Cook, Nelson.-Woollen Mats
woven and dyed at Nelson.
Cl. 237.
15. W. M. Innes, Port Chalmers, Otago.—
3 half-pint bottles of Cod Liver Oil.
MISCELLANEOUS.
1. P. W. Tatton, Nelson.-Map of the
Province of Nelson, showing localities of
mineral deposits.
2. J. Henry and Company, Taranaki.-
Dried Ferns.
Plate 1. Davallia novæ-zealandiæ; Lindsæa
tricho manoides; Asplenium falcatum; Poly-
podium regulosum.
Plate 5. Dicksonia lanata; Doodia caudata;
Asplenium hookerianum; Hymenophyllum
densum; Hymenophyllum ; Lomaria fluiratilis.
Plate 6. Aspidium coriaceum.
Plate 7. Davallia novæ-zealandiæ; Lindsæa
tricho anoides; Lomaria nigra.
Plate 8. Hymenophyllum dilatatum; Hy-
menophyllum æruginosum; Lomaria fluiratilis.
Plate 2. Alsophylla colensoi; Asplenium Plate 9. Cyathea medullaris; Asplenium
sp.; Pteris macilenta.
SP plate 3. Adiantum cunninghamii; Pteris
incisa; Nephrodium hispidum; Trichomanes
reniforme.
Plate 4. Marattia salicina.
obtusatum; Pteris macilenta.
Plate 10. Pteris incisa; Aspidium cysto-
corum
; Hypolepis
stegia;
distans.
Lomaria
Plate 11. Asplenium umbrosum.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 272.


NEW ZEALAND. de la fin
ZEALAND.NE
333
Cl. 709.
Cl. 430.
Plate 12. Lomaria lanceolata ; Cyathea
dealbata.
Plate 13. Nephrodium hispidum; Lomaria
elongata; Polypodium lillardicrii.
Plate 14. Hymenophyllum æruginosum;
Hymenophyllum pulcherrimum; Polopodium
grammitidis.
Plate 15. Leptopteris superba; Dawsonia
superba.
Plate 16. Polypodium pennigerum.
Plate 17. Polypodium billardieri.
Plate 18. Cyathea medullaris; Cyathea
dealbata; Asplenium umbrosum; Lomaria
nigra; Trichomanes reniforme.
Plate 19. Pteris macilenta; Cyathea smithii.
Plate 20. Nephrodium hispidum.
Plate 21. Gleichemà cunninghamii; Mille-
folium distans.
Plate 22. Lamaria bulbiferum; Aspiduim
richardii; Nephrodium hispidum; Pteris sca-
berula.
Plate 23. Asplenium falcatum.
Plate 24. Lomaria bulbiferum.
Plate 25. Asplenium obtusetum ; Pteri-
scaberula; Pteris esculenta; Lomaria fluvias
tilis.
Taranaki Committee.
Plate 26. Leptopteris hymenophylloides.
Plate 27. Pteris tremula; Cyathea dealbata;
Aspidium eystostegia Hymenophyllum
densum; Hymenophyllum pulcherrimum;
Lomaria nigra.
;
Plate 28. Lomaria elongata; Aspidium
richardi.
Plate 29. Lomaria vulcanicum; Hymeno-
phyllum æru ginosum; Lomaria bulbiferum;
Cyathea dealbata; Asplenium umbrosum.
Plate 30. Polypodium, several sp.
Plate 31. Trichomanes elongata; Hyme-
nophyllum æruginosum; Hymenophyllum
pulcherrimum.
3. Taranaki Committee.-Fungus (Hirneola
polytricha) used as food by the Chinese.
Largely exported from the colony. Grows
principally on the Tawa.
4. Taranaki Committee. - Esculent Fern
Root. Will germinate if crushed and planted
in rich soil in a shady place.
5. Taranaki Committee.-Bird's Nest Fun-
gus and curious Parasite.
6. Greenfield and Stewart, Wellington.-
Door made of Rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum)
Red Pine of settlers.
PHOTOGRAPHS.
1 and 2. Panoramic Views of New Plymouth and surrounding
scenery, looking N. and S.
3. Mount Egmont, from New Plymouth.
4. Pukearuhe, White Cliffs, Taranaki.
5. Paritutu, the Great Sugar Loaf, Taranaki.
6. Sugar Loaf Islands.
7. Forest Scenery near the Waiwaikaiho River.
Photographs by D. L. Mundy-
Mostly consisting of North Island Scenery.
1. Patuka, or Store Honse, at Waihi, head of Lake Taupo.
2. A Digger's Home, Ponga Flat, Thames Gold Fields.
3. Wellington, from the Cemetery.
4. Government House, Wellington.
5. River Bed Scene on the Waipawa River, Poverty Bay..
6. Flax Mills at Hokianga Heads.
7. A Geological Study at Opoke, Hokianga, on the seashore
(measures 40 ft. round).
8. Carved Panel from the Maori House, Colonial Museum,
Wellington.
9. Victoria, Bay of Islands, where the Treaty of Waitangi
was signed in 1842.
10. Momona Bay, Kawau, the Island Home of Sir George
Grey, K.C.B.
11. Kororareka, or Russell, Bay of Islands.
Cl. 709.

12. Study of a Flax Bush (Phormium tenax) on the Waikiri
River, Hokianga.
13. The Interior of a Native Pa at Kaitereria, Rotokakahi.
14. Teheki, head of the Waima River, Hokianga.
15. The Great Fern Trees of New Zealand, at Gnoke,
Hokianga (40 ft. in height).
16. A Forest Scene, showing the Nikau Palms at Onoke,
Hokianga.
17. A Study of the Great Mamuka or Ponga Tree Fern, on
Ponga Flat, 1,200 ft. above the Thames Gold Fields, the River
Thames in the distance.
18. Ohinemutu Rotorua, the commencement of the Hot
Springs District, with Native Village or Kainga.
19. Rotokakahi, near Rotomahana.
20. Roto Tarawera, near Rotomahana.
21. Tokanui, head of Lake Taupo, showing the Geysers.
22. Roto Pounamu, Rotomahana, or Cold Green Lake,
showing the steam holes in the Hot Taupes.
23. Fumaroles, or Boiling Mud Cones, Rotomahana.
24. General View of Rotomahana, looking east.
25. General View of Rotomahana, looking west.
26. The Te Tarata Geyser, Rotomahana.
27. The Otukapuarangi or Pink Terrace, Rotomahana.
28. Side View of the Te Tarata Terraces, Rotomahana.

334
•
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. COLONIAL SECTION.
29. Side View of the Pink Terrace, Rotomahana, showing
the Great Stalactite Terraces.key
30. The Te Tarata Terrace, Rotomahana, looking down on
the Lake from the Crater, bes
*
31. The Crystal Slope of the Te Kiwi Geyser, Rotomahana.
32. Captain Cook's Bay, where he took the transit of
Mercury, November 9th, 1769.
33. Cabbage Tree Palms, Governor's Bay, Canterbury.
34. Dyer's Pass Road, Head of Lyttleton Harbour.
35. Government Buildings, Christchurch, Canterbury.
36. Craigieburn Cutting, West Coast Road, Canterbury.
37. Study on the Otira River, Southern Alps, Canterbury.
38. The Bealey River Bed, Canterbury.
Cl. 300.
39. The Rolleston Range, with Glacier, Arthur's Pass, Can-
terbury.
40. Summit of Arthur's Pass, Westland, looking west.
41. Summit of Arthur's Pass, Westland, looking east.
42. Looking through the Forest on the Teremakau River.
43. On the Teremakau River Bed, Westland.
44. In the Kahikatea, or White Pine Forest, Westland.
45. An Hotel on the Gold Fields near Fox's Diggings,
Westland.
46. White Pine Forest, West Coast Road, Canterbury.
47. Thames Gold Field, from top of Moanataiari Tramway,
1,200 ft. above the sea.
48. Akaroa Bay, Banks' Peninsula, Canterbury.
MAPS AND PLANS.
Collection made by Dr. Hector for the Commissioners :-
1. Official Maps of the Colony of New Zealand. Pub-
lished by E. Ravenstein.
2. Geological Map of New Zealand, by Dr. Hector, MSS.
Cl. 600, 601.
Taranaki Committee:
3. Geological Map. Small scale. Published by E. Ravenstein.
4. Model of New Zealand in Relief.
5. Plans and Diagrams of Gold Fields, &c.
6. Physical Map of New Zealand, by Dr. Hector.
TIMBER.
1. Dodonæa viscosa, Native name, Akeake, 2 specimens.
2. Atherosperma nova zealandiæ, Pukatea.
3. Eugenia maire, Maire tauhake.
4. Podocarpus ferruginea, Totara.
5.
>>
dacrydioides, Kahikatea.
6. Dysoxylum spectabile, Kohekohe.
7. Podocarpus spicata, Matai.
8. Weinmannia racemosa, Towhai.
9. Knightia excelsa, Rewarewa.
10. Elæocarpus dentatus, Hindu.
11. Alectryon excelsum, Titoki.
12. Sophora tetraptera, Kowhai.
13. Nesodaphne tawa, Tawa.
14. Metrosideros robusta, Rata.
15. Dacrydium cupressinum, Rimu.
16. Vitex littoralis, Puriri.
iýetnja
17. Hedycarya dentata, Kaiuhiria.
W. B. Black, American Coach Factory, Wellington :-
18. Alectryon excelsum, Titoki, 2 specimens.
19. Eugenia maire, Black Maire.
22.
20., White Maire, erotik ateivanites At
21. Leptospermum sp., Manuka, ube L din aohrala venta
wide, maan sap wood. Indust and a
23. Vitex littoralis, Puriri, 2 specimens. same open wit
24. Sophora tetraptera, Kowhai. fad, by band gyalogh ne
ha
25. Dodonæa viscosa, Akeake.oit maar-1-plof At
26. Podocarpus ferruginea, Miro, stapled gabste ute enta de
27. Metrosideros robusta, Rata. yallkoll to 8 marooE ¿Ex
28. Podocarpus totara, Totara, knot. 1o #17 Ierogol) **
J. D. Cruickshank, Upper Hutt Saw Mills, Wellington :-
29. Plank of Rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum), Red Pine of
Settlers.
rut Jail so Jumaute/m10 od 12
W. James, Wellington :—1 al pd to wary abia as
30. Podocarpus totara, Totara, 2 specimens of knots.
31. Elæocarpus dentatus, Hinau.
32. Knightia excelsa, Rewarewa.
33. Dammara australis var., Mottled Kaurï.
Westland Committee:-
34. Metrosideros robusta, Rata, iron wood.
35. Podocarpus totara, Totara.
36. Podocarpus spicata, Matai, Black Pine.
37
>>
38.
39.
>>
40.
8888
ferruginea, Miro.
dacrydioides, Kahikatea, White Pine.
ditto var.Yellow Pine.
colensoi Silver Pine.
41. Libocedrus doniana, Kawaka.
42. Dacrydium cupressinum, Kimu, Red Pine.
43. Phyllocladus trichomanoides, Toatoa, Celery-leaved
Pine.
44. Leptospermum scoparium, Manuka.
45. Fagus fusca, Tawai, Black Birch.
46. Fagus menziesii, Red Birch.

47.
cliffortioides, Dwarf Birch.
48. Elæocarpus dentatus, Hinau.
hookerianus, Pokaka.
49.
50. Weinmannia racemosa, Towhai, Red Wood.
sylvicola, Tauhero, White Wood.

51.
52. Griselinia lucida, Pukatea, Broad leaf.
53. Fuchsia excorticata, Kotukutuku Fuchsia.
54. Hoheria augustifolia, Houhere, Ribbonwood.
55. Aristotelia racemosa, Makomako, Currant Tree.
56. Melicytus ramiflorus, Mahoe or Hinchine.
57. Sambucus novæ zealandiæ, Hauhau.
58. Panax crassifolium, Horoeka, Lance Wood.
59. Coriaria ruscifolia, Tutu.
MI Borisla
notguillo 7!
2181 zi bungie Ba
60. Drimys colorata, Hóropita, Peper Tree.
961. Olearia
61. Olearia
e folia, Mikemitow Wood O
62. Caprosma, Karamu, White Wood.

NEW ZEALAND.TA AUSTRATES
335
Cl. 312.
GARMENTS, ORNAMENTS, WEAPONS, &c., OF THE MAORIS. By
COLLECTION MADE FOR THE COMMISSIONERS BY R. W.
WOON, R.M.
1. Haimona Te Ao o te Rangi, chief of Ngatipanioaua tribe.--
A patuparaoa, whalebone weapon, called "Pai a te Rangi,"
handed down from ancestor named Kahunui, four generations
back. Has been used in many battles, in which several chiefs
and heroes" were made to lick the dust."
2. Horima Katene.-A whalebone weapon called "Nga Kanae
a Titokowaru," lately the property of the celebrated chief
Titokowaru, who devastated the West Coast Settlements in the
war of 1868. Is an heirloom of ancient date.
3. Thakara Tukumaru.-A Tewatewa-wooden weapon.
4. Uranga Kaiwhare.-A Kakati-carved whalebone weapon
called “Kaikanohi" (face eater) handed down for 12 genera-
tions.
5. Takarangi Mete. A patuparaoa-whalebone weapon
called "Tohiora." This is much prized, having been used
by Te Maro, a member of the native Contingent in "knocking
on the head, and despatching" the great prophet and leader of
the Hauhau forces at the battle of Moutoa, in May 1864.
6. Hohaia.-A patuparaoa whalbone weapon.
7. Te Reimana.-A patuparaoa-whalebone weapon.
8. Te Reimana.-A patu-stone weapon called "Kororariki.”
9. Te Koroneho.-A patuparaoa-whalebone weapon.
10. Reihana.-A patu Kohatu, a stone weapon.
11. Aperaniko Tamaite.-A patu kohatu, a stone weapon.
12. Captain Wirihana.-A patuparaoa, whalebone weapon,
small size.
13. Keepa Rangitauira.-A tewatewa, wooden battle-axe.
14. Keepa Rangitauira.-Taiaha Kwra, ornamented spear.
15. Epiha Aokokiri.-Taiaha, plain wooden spear.
16. Mete Kingi. Taiaha, wooden spear ornamented with
feathers.
17. Mete Kingi.
feathers.
Tewatewa, wooden battle-axe with
18. Poutini.-Tewatewa, wooden battle-axe.
19. Rewi Raupo.-Taiaha, wooden spear.
20. Te Reniana.—Taiaha, wooden spear.
21. Paora Kahuatua of Ranana.-Taiaha kura, ornamented
wooden spear
madracalne)
22. Kiritakama.-Taiaha, plain wooden spear.
23. Taianhus.-Taiaha, plain wooden spear.
240
te Aewa.-Taiaha, wooden spear.
25. Peina.-Tewatewa, battle-axe. turtlefle
26. Paora Patapu-Taiaha, spear, as has
27. Paora Patapu.-A long Spear, taken as spoils of war at
a battle in the Taupo country in 1869, lately the property of
Te Heuheu,
o drun
lower ngh
Tuwhare in 1830, on the Whanganui river when the Ngapuhi
invaded that part of the island.
29. Te Mawae.-Tewatewa, a wooden battle-axe.
30. Hoani Maramara.-Korowai, flax (Phormium) mat
31. Hoani Maramara.-Flax Mourning Cap and Shark's
Tooth Ear Ornament.
32. Uranga Kanihare.-Motumotu, ornamented flax mat.
Much prized by Maoris.
33. Rini Remoata, chief and assessor.--Kakahu Kura, flax
mat ornamented with the red feathers of the Kaka or mountain
parrot. Much prized.
34. Menehira.-Parawai, flax mat with rich border.
35. Reneti Tapa.-Flax Mat, interwoven with Feathers of
the native wood pigeon, called Waitahuparai; intended as a
gift to the President of the United States.
36. Hori Te Roka.-Ugare, flax mat.
37. Major Keepa.-Dyed flax Cap.
38. Captain Wirihana Puna.- Kakahu Kura, ornamented
flax and feather mat; intended as a gift to the President of the
United States.
39. Captain Mei Hunia.-Parawai, ornamented mat.
40. Pehira Turei, Queen's pensioner.-Toi Mat made from
Toi plant found at foot of Tongariro, or the burning moun-
tain.
41. Pehira Turei. Dyed flax Mourning Cap. april
42. Maori Adze, called an Aronui. Two ancient Fish-hooks,
tipped with human bone. Wooden Flute, called a Koauan, used
for warbling love ditties.
43. Aperahama Tahunuiarangi.-Carved Image from front
of ancient Maori house, called "Tamahaki," descended from
ancestors 10 generations back.
44. Carved Pipe, made of reta, called "Takirau," and speci-
men of Dyed Flax.
45. Hakaria.-Hei Tiki, ancient greenstone neck ornament.
46. Pehuinana.-Carved calabash Top, called "Toka Taha."
47. Hami. Two carved Wooden Implements, used in
planting Kumaras (sweet potato), called "Ko Kumara."
48. Te Hira.--Specimens of Flax, plain and dyed black.
49. Karaitiana.-Hatchet, witd carved handle. Patiti.
50. Poari Wharehuia.-Hei Tiki, greenstone neck ornament.
51. Hiri Te Roha.-Ancient Paddle for steering a canoe.
to 52. Shark's Tooth Ear Orament and a Fish-hook (made of
Pawa shell) used as a bait to catch the fish called Kahawi.
53. Te Hira.-Skin of the Huia (Heteralocha gouldi). A
chief's head ornament.
Te Hira.-A Pounamu (greenstone) Ear Pendant of great
lustre. uma roynd bun, enbalyaspad
54. Pikikotuku.-Pounamu Ear Ornament.
avity
55. Hine Maaka.-Native Comb, called a karau.
was used by the Wan- 56. Hine Maaka.-Greenstone Ear Pendant.
28. Major Keepa.-A Pouwhenua ancient Spear, much
prized, called “Aketaurangai." This
ganui chief Amarama in killing the great Ngapuhi chief
57. John Mark.-Two Whale's Teeth Garment Fasteners
and a Greenstone Ear Ornament.

336
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
58. Major Keepa.-Greenstone Adze, called an aronui, very
ancient.
59. Major Keepa.-Skin of the Huia (Heteralocha gouldi).
Head ornament of a chief.
60. Rev. B. K. Taylor, Wanganui.-Hat made of Kiekie
(Frycenitcia bauksii). Manufactured by Hori Mutumutu. Flax
for the Waist.
61. R. W. Woon, R.M., Wanganui.-Ancient Stone Axe of
10 generations back.
62. Hori Kingi Mawae.-Paddle with carved top.
63. Te Mawae.-Stone Hatchet of 10 generations back.
464. Reupea Tauria.-Paddle.
65. Maori Image with head dress and ear ornament of Toroa
feathers called " Rakeikuroa."
66. Hereatara.-Whakakai Greenstone Ear Ornament.
67. Turahui.-Pigeon Feather Mat, Eheruheru, with Green-
stone Ear Pendant attached.
68. Taranaki Committee.-Hei Tiki, greenstone image, worn
round the neck; 2. Ancient Axe Heads of stone.
69. Taranaki Committee.-Taiaka oramented with Kaka
(parrot) feathers.
QUEENSLAND.
Queensland, the north-east section of Australia, is a colony of vast size, and indeed, if we bear in mind.
that the most of it is available land either for pasture, agriculture, or mining, it may be called the largest in
the Australian group. In area it is nearly three times that of the vast territory of Texas, in North America,
and its seaboard equals in length, and greaty resembles in shape, that of the United States, from Maine to
Louisiana, the Florida peninsula corresponding to that of Cape York, and the Gulf of Mexico to that of
Carpentaria. To give a sketch of the features of so grand an area, one must be content with a mere outline, in
a work like the present. The most southerly point in Queensland consists of the highlands of Stanthorpe, the
seat of the rich tin mines; a granite table-land, with an average elevation of some 2,800 feet, and a climate
resembling that of the south of England. The splendid black and amber crystals of tin oxyd are lavishly
scattered in this district. Immediately adjoining, and on the north, lie the far-famed Darling Downs, at a
general altitude of 1,600 feet above sea level, with the climate of Southern France, and one of the finest
pastoral districts in the world. Open lagoons (so to speak) of rich, treeless herbage are bounded, as it were by
shores of sheltering, open-timbered land, with jutting capes of forest here and there running out and dividing
the grassy spaces into imaginary bays and lakes of verdure; and the natural herbage, being grown on decom-
posed volcanic soil, is so rich that, in nutritive power, it equals the best corn and hay combined. These
Darling Downs lie on the western escarpment of the great Australian Cordillera, which runs parallel to its
east coast for 1,800 miles, and at about 70 miles back from the sea, and which separate the Darling Downs
from the Moreton and Logan districts, a country rich in the finest cannel coal, and with good soil, well
watered. The Wide Bay and Burnett district follow next, as we go northward, and in addition to their rich
pastoral and agricultual capabilities, here lie the lucrative gold and copper fields of Gympie, Kilkivan, and
Mount Perry, of which more hereafter. Gympie is famous for its rare mineral developments, such as walls of
glittering calcspar, with rich imbedded gold all through them, and this gold and copper in any other part of
the world, nearer to civilisation and capital, would be centres of attraction and busy population to one hundred
times the extent of their present census. The rivers of Queensland, in the part we have at present described,
consist chiefly of the Brisbane and the Mary, both as wide as the Thames, and fairly navigable for sea-going
vessels for miles up from the mouth. Immediately to the north of the district last described, comes that of
which Rockhampton is the shipping port. Here we cross the tropic, and nature begins to show on a vaster
scale-larger rivers, larger plains, and larger animals are found. The two rivers, Fitzroy and Burdekin, drain
a country larger than the ancient kingdom of France, and the great Australian alligator, 25 feet long, is found
in them. Here, again, we have the gold and copper in abundance; gold, silver, lead, and copper all being
visible at once in one piece of quartz in many of the lodes hereabout. The zamais and other tropical palms
begin to appear, as well as those gorgeous "scrubs" which obtain throughout the whole colony, and in whose

NATIVE
Life size
Division I
Alluvial
Division II
Division III.
Mesozoic.
GROUND PLAN AND ELEVATION OF QUEENSLAND COURT.
Division IV.
Paleozoic
Carboniferous
Division V.
Palæorow
Devonion
Division VI.
Metamorphic
Division VII.
Grante
Division VIII Division IX
Trappeon.
Volcante.
2
3
12 13 14 15
5
16
17
23 24 25 26
27
28 29
34 35 36, 37
38 39 40 41
46 47 48 49
50
52
57 58 59 60
62 63 72
168 69 70 71
82 83 92 93 94 95
85 86 87 96.97
98
20/21
22
30 131
32 33
42 43 44 45
153
541551 36
64 65 66
76 77
78 179
88 89 90 91
66
Trophy
of*
Rough Woods
Trophy
or*
Polished Woods)
MISCELLANEOUS
From 145
PASTORAL
AGRI
SUGAR TOBACCO
2007yje)MONWY
****
CANDID PAUITS
WINE
CULTURAL
Antimony
Chrome&
MINING
Malachite Peak Downs
Copper
Table
Normanby
Ravenswood)
Ores
Gola
cea care
MINING
102
109 110 111 112
105 106 107 108
103 104
121 122 123 124 124 124 124 124
C
ELE
124 124 124 124
117 118 119 120
113 114 115 116
817
124 124 124 124
I
133 134 135 136
129 130 131 132
125 126 127 128
ဓ၊ ဝင်၊
1136 136 136 |136
136 136 136 136
7
31
HO
JIKIL
136 136 136 136
to
From 137
144
Tin
Division IX. A,
GEOLOGICAL
MAP OF
QUEENSLAND.
TABLETS
PAINTINGS
TABLE CASES
FRAMES
NATIVE
Life size
Coal
PORTRAITS
OF NATIVES

Division X A
ONINIW
Mining
Division X
Agricultural Agricultural
Division XII
Division II
Pastaral
Division XIII
Pastaral
Division XIV
Towns
Queensland
Division IV
Queensland
Division IVI
Towns
Miscellaneous
Division XVII
Miscellaneous
Division VIII
MAP OF
QUEENSLAND
Fred: Dangerfield. Fitho



QUEENSLAND.
337
moist, cool, green aisles the sun can seldom intrude, and the bush fire never, and where the giant fig-tree
(macrophylla) towers like a cathedral cupola above all its fellows.
Still passing northward from the country which makes Rockhampton its centre, the constant westerly trend
of the Queensland coast becomes more noticeable, and soon the rich sugar plantations on the Pioneer River are
reached, spread over almost treeless plains with rich soil of measureless depth; and then come more rich mines
of gold, plenteous coal and copper, with countless interpersed lead and silver lodes, carrying associated gold,
but all quite neglected and unnoticed amid so much other wealth. Tracts of country near the Burdekin
River as large as some English counties are covered with networks of mineral reefs, made up of richly golden
mundic, whose untold wealth could only yield fully to the scientific efforts of an army of chemically-skilled
miners, and which is all lost to the present rough operators. We have not said much hitherto of the pastoral
wealth of the colony, but the whole of it is, none the less, abounding in sheep, cattle, and horses, whose
interests all the minerals and sugar tend to keep going instead of interfering with. The Cloncurry copper
mines are abundantly rich in the beautiful clear red crystals of the famous ruby oxide-the most valuable and
easiest-smelted copper ore known. They lie on the Cloncurry River, which runs into the Gulf of Carpentaria,
as does also the Gilbert, which, besides the universal gold, affords some of the most superb oriental agates and
sardonyxes in the world, fully rivalling, if not surpassing, the best deposits of Uruguay and Brazil in the size,
transparency, and brilliant colouring of the stones. It would simply be monotonous to follow the description.
of the colony northward and to describe the golden wealth, in reef and alluvial, which stretches away into the
Cape York Peninsula, so we will be content, and work our way back and south to the opal mines of Western
Queensland, after a farewell glance at the coralline beauties of the Great Barrier Reef on our north-eastern
sea frontier, which ably bears the palm as premier coral bank of the world, 1,200 miles in length. Western
Queensland introduces us to the great watershed of the Warrego, Thomson, and Barcoo rivers, which mostly
find their final outlet in the Murray River system of South Anstralia. This part of Queensland is so open and
level that many a watershed is imperceptible in dry weather, and it is often not until the heavy monsoon rains.
of the wet season send the water along in a wide and almost inevitable wall on to the unwary traveller that
he perceives, for the first time, that there is a depression and a watershed under his feet at all. In Western
Queensland lie the trachytic conglomerates which form the matrix of that gleaming and gorgeous gem, the
priceless opal, in its varied hue and shades of purple, green, ruby, amber, blue, orange, and other florescent
fires. This stone, with the large, clear, glowing red chrysolites of the Burnett River, and the delicate aqua-
marine of Stanthorpe, are the leading gems of Queensland. The sapphires are small, so are the diamonds;
the true ruby is no larger than a grain of sand, and the emerald is absent altogether. All this vast western
country is rapidly being filled up with the sheep and cattle it so well can carry, its distance from the eastern
sea coast being atoned for by river navigation on the Darling to South Australia.
This notice of the topography of Queensland would be all incomplete if no mention were made of the
lengthy seaboard which mark its giant frontiers on the east, and the equally vast rolling prairies of the west,
in which either Germany or Austria might be comfortably placed, and with plenty of room all round the edges
to spare. The coast of Queensland is dotted with some of the most beautiful islets in the world, grassy and
fertile to the water's edge; some being low, open, park-like, and clean-beached, and some being high, woody,
and grand of aspect. They lie chiefly between the 18th and 22nd parallels of latitude, inside the Great
Barrier Reef, in the smooth shallow sea which is enclosed between it and the mainland. The east coast of
Queensland, therefore, is distinguished by many picturesque beauties of reef, island, mountain, and river, and
the sunset of the tropics sheds its glory on many a tranquil scene by the shore where a new Robinson Crusoe
might meet with romantic adventures to eclipse even the old time-hallowed escapes in Defoe's original and
charming tale. And for the vast western plains of the Warrego and Thomson, the Barcoo and the Bulloo,
who shall measure the limit of their pastoral and productive wealth in the future?
The foregoing description is copied from the "Queenslander" newspaper in its special edition for the
36714.
Y

338
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—COLONIAL SECTION.
Philadelphia Exhibition. How far the language is justified it will be for the visitor to the Queensland Court
after inspection of its representative exhibits and the statistics of the colony, to decide.
The general arrangement of the Queensland Court at Philadelphia has been carried out with the view of
showing at a glance the physical character and natural products of the colony. The physical character is
shown by a series of photographs illustrating the various geological formations of the country, and beneath the
photographs the natural products of such formations are presented to view in specimen cases.
One side of the Queensland Court is devoted entirely to a delineation of the colony from a geological point
of view; the other is illustrative of its mining, pastoral, agricultural, and other industries, and over each division
will be observed is a tablet of information.*
From the
DIVISION 1.-ALLUVIAL.
the illustrative tablet in this division we learn that :—
Soil.-Rich vegetable mould on scrub land. Various composition, otherwise, according to rock débris
forming it. Generally adapted to agricultural purposes.
Products.-Cotton, sugar-cane, maize, &c. in perfection; cereals where climate suitable. Alluvial gold in
auriferous districts.
These facts, as given in the descriptive tablet, indicate that in the alluvial districts valuable agricultural
products can be freely grown, and that gold exists in other parts.
Photograph No. 1 is a view near Brisbane, showing a small villa residence on the alluvial banks of Breakfast
Creek. Every kind of garden produce can be easily raised on any of the tributary creeks of the Brisbane
river.
No. 2.-A view of a portion of the Mary river, considerably north of the township of Maryborough. The
left bank shows the thickness of the alluvium which, so far as cultivation is concerned, is apparently
inexhaustible.
No. 3. Also a view of a Queensland river, showing a dense growth of scrub on the one side, and
country on the other.
open forest
No. 4. A view of Maryvale Creek, lat. 19.30 north. On the banks of this creek the older alluvia of the
country are rather extensively developed, and in them the remains of extinct marsupials abound, such as
enormous kangaroos, the extinct dyprotodon, &c.
No. 5. This is a characteristic view of mining for gold in the deep alluvial drifts. Here the miners are seen
working in the alluvium the depth of which varies from 50 to 120 feet. Handsome returns of gold are yielded
at the latter depth. Such deep sinking, however, is rather rare in Queensland, as nearly all the alluvial gold
is found in shallow drifts, rarely exceeding 20 feet in depth.
No. 6. This may be taken as a fairly representative view of the coast country in Queensland. The alluvial
deposits are generally very extensive, and the country ordinarily flat from the absolute coast line to the first
inland range.
No. 7.-Another view of Maryvale Creek, presenting the same characteristics as Photograph No. 4. The
bones of some of the extinct animals are shown in the immediate foreground.ble al
No. 8.-Here is depicted a rough method of sluicing the beds of creeks for the extraction of gold in the
mountainous parts of the colony. guli od ad opwo, lipiert a quam no yoolg vil slede

bapollol-walk hlo odl 1970 exqilvo od s
* Most of these photographs were taken by Mr. R. Daintree whilst travelling in Queensland, by a "dry process," in which
the gum resin of one
resin of one of the Australian Eucalypti was used as the "preservative" mixture; they were afterwards enlarged by the
autotype process, and coloured in oil.

139
153
14-0
152
141
151
142
150
143
149
146
148
147
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
144
145
PRINCE OF WALES
SOMERSET
ARE YORK
ENDEAVOUR STRA
WCASTLE BAY
DUYTHEN R
GULF
OF
CARPENTARIA
WELLESLEY ISLANDS
MORNING ON
ISLAND
18
NICHOLSON
RIVER
BURKE TH
ALBE
19
REGORY RIVER
20
21
22
23
CAPE
YORK
PENINSULA
HANNIBAL BAY
HELBOURNE BAY
CAPE GRENVILLE
CDIRECTION
CLAREMONT ISLES
CHARLOTTE
CMELVILLE
RTHERN
PLORA
TON
KENNEDY
FLATTERY
GOLD
MT DATHYRCE
PAL
COOK TOWN
RIVER MICHE
STAATEN
RIVER
RIVER LING
BENTINCK 10
AN DIENAN
KIMBERLEY
LEICHNARDY R
NORMAN Town
EINASEEIN
ETHERIDGE
COILBERT
NT
YNGE RIY
FLINDERS
RIVE
CARP
CLONCURRY RIV
CLONCURRY
GOLD FIELD
AUSTRALIAN
COR MINE
VER
MTSUPRISE
CATRIBULATION
GEORGE TOWN
ETHERIDGE
GOLD FIELD
YND COPPER
MINE
S
CARDWELL
GILBERT
GILBERT
GOLD FLD
DUTTON ST
RICHMOND
DOWNS
MT WALKER
OUGH
BURDEKIN
GRAFTON
COOPER PT
ROCKINGHAM BAY
MAP OF QUEENSLAND
Shewing
MINERAL AREAS,
BY
R. DAINTREE.
HINCHINBROOK IP
HALIFAX BAY
CLEVELAND BAY
DALRYMPLE
TOWNSVILLE
STAR
OOLD FIELD
FELD
BROUGHTO
GOLD
MILLCHESTER
CAMPASPE
124-
WESTERN
INTERIOR
ALICE
25
26
27
28
29
SOUTH
AUSTRALIA
COOPERS
CREEK
THOMSON
BARCOO
RIN
ULOO
COORNI
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
CAPE
RAVESWOOD
GOLD FIELD
RIVER
COLD
RIV
BELYANDO
BARCOD
TAMBO
CHARLEVILLE
PAROO
RIV
NEW
WAY
WARD
NIVE
BOW
INDEX
COAL (PALEOZOIC)
"
(MESOZOIC)
GOLD
COPPER
TIN
ANTIMONY..
RAILWAYS..
BOWLING GREEN
TESTART BAY
BOWEN
THIRLEY
OULD
OLD EASTERN MIT
HOLO FILO
CLERMONT
PEAK DOWNS
COP MINES
COLD FUND
COPPERFVELS
NOGOA
WARREGE
RIV
MITCHELL
DARL
CUNNAMULLA
WANGANE
WALLAM
DENISON
PIONEER
MACKAY
SAAC
WHITSUNDAY 19
CLARA COPINE
NEBO
CONWAY
CUMBERLAND IS
BEVERLEY GROUP
COR MINE
UNC
ST LAW CE
MARLBOROUGH
PRINCHESTER
CANDONA
SPRINSURE
GAINSFORD
ST GEORGE
S
TH
MOONIE
MORIM
ROSE DE
BROCKHAMPTON
Roc
GOLD FUBLA
WESTWOOD
GOLD FIELD
CURTIS ID
JOLADSTONE ORT CURTIS
CALIPE
GOLD FIELD
ONSIT
WINK
BANANA
BAFFLE CREEK
HERVEY BAY
л
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
201
21
22
23
24
24
BANDY
CAPE
25
TAROON
CAMBOON
INTIMONY MINE
AUBURN
ARY
COMA
BURNETT
MARYBORO
CAYNDAH
BOYNE
KILKIYAN
COLD FIELD
CUNA BAY
26
NAAMIRNE
SURAT
G
CONDAMME RIV
BRISBA
BRIS
CHEST
BAY
27
MORETON
RIV
MACINTYRE
WEIR
OONIE
GOONDIWINDI
OR BARWAN
ALE
S.
DALRY
TOOWOOMB
DRAYTON
LEYBURN NGAY
NOS
WARWIC
LUCKY
COLDFIEL
HORRE
TON FIELOS
TENTENFIELD
147
148
149
150
145
146
Sir Joseph Causton & Sons, London..
151
152
153
TRADBROKE
16
28
DANGER
BYRON
DISING
RICHMOND
PAY
129
154

で
​339
QUEENSLAND.
No. 9.-This Photograph shows another method of working the beds of creeks for the extraction of alluvial
gold. In the foreground are shown the operations of the well-known Californian pumps, as employed in
throwing out the water from ordinary alluvial claims.
No. 10 is intended to illustrate the style of building adopted at a new "rush" on the gold fields. Here, in
the first instance, bark stripped from the Eucalypti, the common tree of the country, is made to serve all kinds
of building purposes, so far as the exterior of the habitations are concerned. At a later date, if the promising
character of the diggings warrants a more permanent settlement, comfortable buildings of wood and stone are
substituted.
No. 11 represents ordinary alluvial mining in Queensland. In the foreground the puddling tub employed
in soaking the auriferous drift (if of a clayey character), and the cradle for finally extracting the gold from the
concentrated débris will be observed.
The table cases ranged under the above photographic views contain the variety of soils found in various
alluvial districts in Queensland. Here, also, are specimens of the products, comprising cassava, arrowroot, taro,
sweet potato, flour, maizena, silk cocoons, wheat, maize, barley, tobacco, &c. The larger cases on the table
contain samples of the soils with analyses attached, and there is one case entirely devoted to the fossils found
in the older alluvia.
The annexed table of analyses of characteristic alluvial soils from various districts in Queensland is a sum-
mary of the contents of the alluvial soils exhibited in the table cases. They were mostly chosen by the Director
of the Botanical Gardens, Brisbane, as characteristic of large areas in the various districts from which they
were taken.
TABLES of ANALYSIS of ALLUVIAL SOILS from various AGRICULTURAL DISTRICTS, on the East Coast of
QUEENSLAND.
MECHANICAL ANALYSIS.
纯
​No.
Latitude.
Longitude.
Organic Matter
contains
1. Best scrub soil, Yellow-
wood Plantation, Albert
River.
27° 42′
153° 14′ 1.999 5.994 10.623
81.723 1.660 100.000
0.457 0.554
27° 42
153° 14'
1.915 6.705 11.834
78.456
3.005
100 000
0.343 0 416
2. Best forest soil, Yellow-
wood Plantation, Albert
River.
3. Forest soil, Yellowwood
Plantation, Albert River.
4. Morayfield, Caboolture
5. Iindah Estate,
Estate, Mary-
borough.
6. Top soil, Alexandra Plan-
tation.
7. Subsoil, Alexandra Plan-
tation.
8. 30 inches deep
9. Gairlock, Lower Herbert
River.
27° 42′
27° 9'
25° 30′
153° 14′
153° 0'
152° 41′
2.375 3.676 7.907 75.050
13.367
100 000 0.214 0.259
2.228
2.185
3.338 6.559 89.093
2.660 5.202 81.588
1.010
10.550
100 000
100·000
0.226 0.274
0.236 0.286
21° 11′ 149° 10' 2.177 72.950 5-075 70-036
21-939 100 000
0.306 0.371
21° 11′
2.280 0 2.734
at -21° 11 149° 10' 2.308 2.354
149° 10'
3.884 69 091
1.831 72.282
24-791
23-533 100-000
100 000
0.082 0.099
18° 37′. 146° 10'
2.180 2.070 4.867 91.243
1.820
100 000
0.022 0.026
0.128
0 155
Nind's Camp, Johnstone
River.
17° 32′ 146° 3′
2.394 3.618
7.470 84.052
4.860
100 000
0.288
0.349
Y 2

340
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—COLONIAL SECTION.
No.
1. Best scrub soil
2. Best forest soil
3. Forest soil
4. Morayfield
5. Iindah
6. Top soil, Alexandra
7. Subsoil,
8. 30 inches deep,
9. Gairlock
10. Nind's Camp
t
#
(continued.)
Oxides of Iron.
Water at 212° F.
Organic Matter.
Oxides, Iron, and
Allumina.
Lime.
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS.
SOLUBLE IN WATER.
Magnesia.
No.
1. Best scrub soil
5.995
0.152
0.051 0.057
0.029
0.007
0.050 0.011
3.610
10.741
0:457
2. Best forest soil
6.705
3. Forest soil
4. Morayfield
0.193 0.086 0.035
3.676 0.100
3.338 0.200 0.040
0.021
0.005
0.022
0.055 0.033
0.019
0.012
0.016
0.072
0.033
0.107
0.158
5. Tindah
2.660 0.181 0.050
0:152
6. Top soil, Alexandra
2.950 0*250 0*095
7. Subsoil,
>>
8. 30 inches deep,
9. Gairlock
10. Nind's Camp
0.038
2.734 0.100 0.014 0.067 0.030
2.354 0.080 0.020 0.078 0.034
2.070 0*180 0.060 0.117 0.029
3.618 0.118 0.013 0.037 0.017
0.084
0.137 4.493
0.063 2.204
0.050 4.189
0.054 0.003 0.130 0.080 2.837 5.022 0.236
0.0022 0.1358 0.085 3*464 4.825 0.306
0.0019 0.1521 0.015 3.973 3.284 0.082
0.0012 0.1518 0.025
0.005 0.109 0.072
0.030 0.041
11 641
0.343
7.797
0.214
6.359 0.226
3.422
1.751 0.022
2.634
4.687 0.128
0.006
4.482
7.352
0.288
Allumina.
Lime.
Magnesium.
Potash.
Soda.
SOLUBLE IN ACID-continued.
Sulphuric Acid.
6.937 7.021 1.259 1.043 0.453 0.119 0*206 0.241 0.301
8.369 11.270 0.522 0.302 0.269 0.317 0.175 0.101 0.221
6*009 6.991 0.566 0.158 0.130 0.401 0.161 0.102 0.193
6.361 9.823 0.281 0.207 0.491 0.119 0.178 0.012 0.149
3.831 5.361 0.696 0*252 0.352 0.036 0.145
3.843 8.124 0.380 0.372 0.311 0.046 0.254
4.955 9.3200*326 0.286 0.285 0.002 0.237
4-612 10.030 0.253 0.492 0*263 0.088 0.226
3.372 6.986 0.230 0.211 0.241 0.046 0.121
7.823 11 380 0.458 0.555 0.344 0.196 0.082
8.912 52.986
4.377
3.210 68.092
50.739
17.5546
50*299
0.0290*129
9.967 68 133
0.180 0·144
0.080 0.082
0.100 0.081
0.010 0.109
Trace 0.236
8.705
7.781
65.712
66-314
8.550 67 388
13.181 65 532
12.265 50.947
No. 1 is an alluvial scrub soil from "Yellowwood" plantation on the Albert River in the Moreton District
of Queensland, and was selected as a typical sample of the best scrub land in that district.
No. 2 is an "alluvial soil" considered of second quality from the same plantatation.
No. 3 is marked "best forest soil," also from "Yellowwood."
dates of the at
No. 4 is from the "Morafield Plantation." Caboolture lat. 25° 30′, long. 152° 28', the estate of Messrs.
Raff & Co., one of the earliest formed sugar plantations in Queensland. It may be considered a characteristic
sample of scrub soil on the Caboolture River.
No 5 is from "Iindah Plantation" Maryborough, the estate of Messrs. Ramsay Brothers, lat. 25° 30,
long. 150° 41'. It was selected as a characteristic "scrub soil" from the banks of the Mary River, along the
Carbonic Acid.
Phosphoric Acid.
Silica, soluble in
alkalies.
Insoluble Silicious
Residue
Chlorine.
# afamd
SOLUBLE IN ACID.
N ACID.

When to QUEENSLAND.
341
course of which for many miles sugar cane is now being cultivated; 40 tons of sugar were made from 10 tons
of Bourbon cane on this estate, equal to a gross return of 1207. per acre.
Nos. 6, 7, 8 are the top, sub, and 30 inch deep, soils taken from the estate of J. E. Davidson, Esq.,
Alexandra Plantation, Mackay, lat. 21° 11' S., long. 149° 10′ E. These are characteristic alluvial soils of a
considerable area in the Mackay district; they are underlaid by a course pebble drift affording excellent
natural drainage.
The crop of sugar from 200 acres on this estate for the season 1873 was 395 tons, the gross money value
would be about 11,000l., or 557. per acre.
No. 9. is the surface soil from the estate of Messrs. Mackenzie Brothers, Gairlock Plantation, Lower
Herbert River, lat. 18° 37' S., long. 140° 10′ E. The crops taken from this estate for season 1873 yielded 21
tons sugar per acre of a gross money value of 701.
No. 10 is a sample of "alluvial scrub soil" from the junction of the north and south branches of the
Johnston River, known as Nind's Camp, lat. 17° 32′ long. 146° 3', and may be accepted as a typical sample of
the "jungle covered alluvium" of that river, of which there are large areas, both on it and the Daintree
River, as yet unoccupied by planters.
Of these soils Dr. Voelcker, the eminent chemist, thus speaks :-
"All these soils are distinguished by remarkable fertility, and are naturally well adapted for the cultivation
of the sugar cane. A glance at the analytical tables giving their composition clearly shows that they
contain all the more important mineral elements of fertility in considerable proportions, as well as a large
amount of organic matters capable of producing by their gradual decomposition, and finally by oxidation, a
constant supply of nitrates which, in my opinion, are the combinations in which nitrogen is assimilated by
plants."
"Thus it will be seen that the soil marked No. 1, 'best scrub soil, Yellowwood Plantation, Albert River,'
contains nearly a half, per cent. of nitrogen in the shape of readily decomposable organic matters or a larger
proportion than was found in any of the remaining soils.
"It is very interesting and practically important to notice in the analytical tables that the large proportion
(comparatively speaking) of nitrogen in the best scrub soil, No. 1, is associated with corresponding large
proportions of available potash, phosphoric acid, and lime."
"The best alluvial scrub soils are not only richer in nitrogen (organic plant food) but also in the more
important mineral plant constituents. The scrub soil, No. 1 shows a remarkable similarity in composition, and
I may add, in appearance, to the celebrated prarie soils of Illinois, several of which I had occasion to examine
some years ago."
*****I gather from the report and notes accompanying these soil analysis that most of the alluvial scrub soils
are of great depth. They therefore contain, practically speaking, inexhaustible stores of plant food, and with
deep cultivation, and the occasional application of appropriate top dressings no fear need be entertained that
they will become gradually less and less productive, and finally be rendered infertile."
There can be no question indeed that the "alluvial scrub lands" of the East Coast of Queensland, are
admirably adapted for the growth of any agricultural product, but such products must be adapted to the
climate of the district where the settler is located.
The ordinary alluvial land not covered with scrub is also of good quality for agriculture, but of course
requires the application of manure at an earlier period in the cropping than the "scrub land."
On all the eastern rivers there is more or less alluvial soil, the greatest extent near the embouchures of the
largest rivers, the Herbert, Burdekin, Fitzroy, Mary, Brisbane, &c., but this, though fine pasture land, is only
in parts suitable for the agriculturalist on account of its liability to periodical inundation.
The cause of this comparative absence of large tracts of alluvial soil, free from partial inundation on the
coast, is that the whole coast of Queensland is one of subsidence.
one

342
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
At no great distance back in time the barrier reef formed the eastern coast line of the colony, and the
outlet of the Fitzroy and Burdekin on that old coast line are as marked a feature as are their outlets on our
present shore. 4333
Had elevation taken the part of depression vast alluvial deposits, now covered by the sea of the Inner passage,
would have been available for agriculture; as it is there remain only those which border the present streams of
the country, and where those streams passing through them have cut such broad and deep channels as to carry
away with ease the storm waters which may be swept down them.
Large tracts, however, of such alluvials still await the plough of the agriculturalist and the planter.
In the Moreton district on the Brisbane, Bremer, and Logan.
In the Wide Bay district on the Mary and Burnett.
In the Kennedy district on the Mackay and Herbert.
In the Cook, on the Johnson and Daintree.
Such lands are classed as agricultural, and are sold at 15s. per acre payable in equal instalments over a period
of 10 years.
DIVISION II-CAINOZOIC.
The information given on the tablet under this head is as follows:--
Rock-Sandstone and conglomerate.
Soil-Coarse sand valueless for pastoral or agricultural purposes locally termed, "Desert Country."
Products.-Gold has been found at the "Cape" and "Charters Towers." Diggings at its junction with
the auriferous metamorphic rocks, suggesting great possible value in other districts where similar conditions
are found.
Extent.-Approximate, 150,000 square miles.
This division is devoted to the illustration of a geological formation which has, doubtless, at one time
covered the whole of Queensland, and it may be the whole of Australia, and which, had not subsequent
denudation removed it over enormous areas, would have left the entire continent-island a desert waste. This
has been by the geologist who described it (Mr. Daintree), termed "desert sandstone," and is supposed to repre-
sent one of the lower members of the Cainozoic group, the Eocene or Lower Miocene Tertiary of European
geologists. The map showing the area in colour represents how much of Queensland still remains covered with
this inhospitable formation.
The results of the late expeditions undertaken and carried out in the face of immense difficulties by Colonel
Warburton and Mr. Forrest in Western Australia tend to prove that a vast proportion of Australia seems
still to be covered by this desert sandstone, thus rendering it entirely useless for pastoral or other settlement.
Photographs 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 furnish admirable ideas of the appearance and peculiarities of the
desert sandstone. On photograph 18 are shown the so-called "paintings" of the Australian natives. These,
as is abundantly apparent, are works of art of the most primitive description, being simply negatives in ochre
of hands, feet, boomerangs, shields, &c. on the surface of the sandstone rock. The object is placed upon the
rock and masticated ochre forcibly ejected from the mouth of the native artist leaves the imprint as described.
The blacks are very active in adorning the interior of their caves, where the atmosphere does not destroy the
work, with these rude designs.
No. 19 is sufficiently illustrative of the way in which denudation has rendered the country suitable for
settlement. The huts in the foreground form the township at the Gilbert diggings, the flat-topped hills in
the distance being capped with the outliers of the desert sandstone which at one period covered the entire
capped with
district.
No. 20. Here we have the abrupt edge of the desert sandstone; it can be frequently followed for 20 or 30
miles without a break.

QUEENSLAND. Summe
343
No. 21 shows the ordinary character of the creeks traversing the Cainozoic formation. It may here
be remarked that during the summer season water is only to be found in this sandstone country at rare
intervals.
No. 22. A cave in the sandstone used by a prospecting party of diggers. These caves are favourite camping
places for the Australian natives, the sandstone districts containing as they do abundance of wallaby, a small
species of kangaroo, and opossums, thus form capital hunting grounds.
The table cases, which, in this as in the other divisions will be observed beneath the photographs, contain
specimens of the soils and the rocks from which they have been derived. The only useful products, as may be
seen, are varieties of bark used in tanning, and gum resins taken from the Eucalypti.
DIVISION III.-MESOZOIC.
The information given on the tablet is as follows:-
Mesozoic (Cretaceous.)
Rock.-Calcareous shales and sandstones with bands of argillaceous limestone.
Soil.-Marls and light calcareous sands form the vast plains of the "Western Interior," covered with
saline plants and rich herbage in favourable seasons. Excellent pastoral country where water is available.
Products.-Beef, mutton, wool, and tallow, opals, coprolites, hydraulic limestone, gypsum.
Extent.-(Approximate) 200,000 square miles.
Mesozoic (Carbonaceous.)
Rock.-Sandstone, conglomerate, shale, ferruginous limestone.
Soil.-Varied, generally poor sandy, rarely fit for agriculture, grows scrub and fine timber; where not
covered with scrub, yields grasses on which cattle thrive, but do not fatten readily.
Products.-Coal, iron ore, hydraulic limestone, fine timbers.
Extent.-(Approximate) 10,000 square miles.
This division is devoted to two separate geological formations, which are, however, embraced in the same
main group by European geologists as the mesozoic. The first four photographs, Nos. 23 to 26, illustrate
the cretaceous portion of the system, and the succeeding seven the carbonaceous, a part of the Mesozoic group
which is probably oolitic. Their fossils, and the relative extent of each are shown upon the map and in the
cases of the division.
Photograph 23 is a view of Betts' Creek, Northern Queensland, about lat. 20 deg. 40 min. S. It affords an
excellent illustration of the horizontal character of the Cretaceous series, over the enormous area of quite
200,000 square miles, which it occupies in Western Queensland, and at the same time describes the character
of the strata composing it, viz., interstratified bands of sandstone and shale, with occasional beds of calcareous
lime-stone intervening.
No. 24 gives a faithful picture of the great prairie country in Western Queensland as taken from Marathon
station on the Flinders River in about lat. 20 deg. 20 min. S. The soil in these plains is in every way suited
for the growth of all kinds of agricultural products if the climate were only suitable. At present they are
sparsely covered with native grasses and herbs of the most fattening characters, and the district is noted in all
the Queensland markets for the excellent qualities of the meat they yield. Cattle are taken from these downs
to as great a distance as Melbourne, where the fat bullocks find a ready market. The splendid condition of
the prairie-fed stock may be estimated from the fact that frequently two thirds of the beasts after travelling
nearly a thousand miles are still saleable in the Melbourne markets as fat cattle.
A very small extent of this formation is found on the eastern side the dividing ranges, and this in the
vicinity of Peak Downs, in the Leicharddt district, and in certain portions of the East Cook. Its soil corre-
sponds in character with the chalk marls and greensands of Cambridgeshire and adjoining counties, and is

344
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
very fine for agriculture or for the growth of natural grasses. Whilst, however, the extent on the east coast
is very insignificant, on the western portions of the colony in the Burke and Maranoa districts it is the
prevailing feature.
Here it forms those almost boundless plains which may be called the Western Prairies of Queensland, the
value of which for pastoral purposes are becoming more and more appreciated.
An analysis of a sample of the soil from these prairies of the Upper Flinders River is attached.
(This soil was taken from a point on the prairies about three miles west of Hughenden Station on the Upper
Flinders).
Mechanical Analysis.
Water lost at 212° F.
Organic matter
Clay, including oxide of iron, and carbonate of lime
Pure sand (quartz)
Specific gravity
Containing nitrogen
Equal to ammonia
纛
​5.114
2.175
92.526
· 185
100.000
2.445
⚫081
⚫098
$
Chemical Analysis.
Water lost at 212° F.
5.114
Portions soluble in water :-
>>
Organic matter
·0307
Lime
⚫070
>>
Oxides of iron and alumina
⚫002
>>
Magnesia
trace
•181
Chlorine
⚫002
Alkalies, sulphuric acid, and carbonic acid
Finely divided silica
·071
Ted boogi
·006 J
Portions soluble in acid :-

Water of constitution
3.097
Organic matter
2.145
Oxides of iron (chiefly peroxide)
5.491
Alumina
10 311
Lime
11.685
Magnesia
1.088
Potash
Soda
Sulphuric acid
·714
midt za gaizt
⚫305
· 117
Carbonic acid
""
Phosphoric acid
Soluble silica (set free by Alkali)
Insoluble silicious matters-
7.08968
462 200
·
Half the 18.193
34.270
ent 377
Det syncs
100.000 in)isol mistro

QUEENSLAND.
345
Ammonites, Belemnites, and the remains of extinct Saurians are scattered over the surface of all these
"Western Prairies" of Queensland.
Mesozoic (Carbonaceous).
Nos. 27, 28, 29, and 30 represent this formation of the mesozoic carbonaceous age. It is
Very largely
developed in the colony of Queensland. In photograph 30 a coal seam appears cropping out at the foot of a cliff
on Pelican Creek in Northern Queensland, and many such natural sections of coal have been observed through
the carboniferous districts but have as yet received little attention for economical purposes. Several coal mines
have, however, been opened in the southern portion of the colony, chiefly on the Darling Downs and in the
West Moreton district. The coal obtained from them has been chiefly used for satisfying local requirements;
but when the railway is completed to the coast there can be no doubt that an export trade will arise. It is a
well-established fact that coal in almost any quantities can be obtained within no great distance from the
capital, Brisbane. The quality of the coal may be judged by an inspection of the samples and analyses
attached to them which are exhibited in the Court.
In photographs 31 and 32 we have a good idea of the character of the forests usually met with on the areas
occupied by the coal formation. Dense scrubs, and timber inviting the axe-man, are the common accompani-
ments of the coal formation of the whole of Queensland.
Occasionally, however, this general feature is varied by open forests, of which photograph 33 is an example,
and it may be as a rule assumed that these districts are very suitable for pastoral pursuits. In addition to the
fossils, soils, and products, there are shown in the cases samples of gypsum and septaria. The latter are
eminently suitable for the manufacture of hydraulic lime; in fact most of the limestones occurring in the
cretaceous rocks of the country are suitable for that purpose.
DIVISION IV.-PALEOZOIC (CARBONIFEROUS).
The tablet attached to this division gives the following information:-
Paleozoic (Carboniferous).
Rocks.-Sandstone, shale and limestone, generally horizontally stratified.
Soil.- Various, according to composition of strata. Locally, where much limestone and shale occur, the soil
is good, but as sandstone and grit prevail, the soil is generally sandy, and rarely suitable for agriculture, except
in the alluvial flats. Most of the carboniferous areas in Queensland are covered with dense scrubs of brigalow
Second-class pastoral sold for 5s. per acre.
&c.
Products.-Coal, fire-clay, iron ore, hydraulic limestone, building stone.
Extent.-(Approximate) 20,000 square miles.
This division is devoted to the carboniferous group of the Paleozoic age, and the photographs are 12 in
number.
No. 34 depicts the outcrop of a coal seam about 8 feet thick on Rosetta Creek, Bowen River, Northern
Queensland. The Bowen River district may, as a rule, be described as one vast coalfield, numerous seams,
varying in thickness and quality, having been observed in natural outcrops in various portions of its watershed.
No. 35 fairly illustrates the upper strata of this formation, which consists of sandstones and conglomerates,
interstratified with occasional beds of shale. The lower members of the group consist more of limestones and
shales, in which beds of fine iron ore are by no means infrequent.
No. 36 presents a remarkable example of the junction of two different geological formations at the base of the
cliff. We have a series of slates and sandstones nearly perpendicular, in which are imbedded auriferous quartz
strings and veins. On the denuded upturned edges of these slates occur horizontal sandstones and
conglomerates of the carboniferous age. In these conglomerates, at the junction of the two formations, in
certain localities of the Peak Downs, drifted gold has been found in the carboniferous conglomerates, distinctly
proving that some gold, at all events, existed in the veins prior to the deposit of the carboniferous rocks.

346
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
One of the ordinary occurrences to be met with throughout the whole of the Bowen River district is
delineated in photograph 37, namely, the intrusion of a dyke of volcanic rock, without any apparent movement
of the adjoining strata, so common in the carboniferous rocks of England. It may be well, perhaps, to explain,
for the benefit of unscientific readers, that the dyke is the feature of the picture over which a slight trickle of
water is falling.
No. 38 shows the open forest country as the ordinary physical characteristic of the lower portion of the
carboniferous series, and here it is that the decomposition of the rocks forms soil admirably adapted for either
agricultural or pastoral purposes.
In Nos. 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, and 45, we have other views of scenery characterising the upper group of the
carboniferous series where sandstones are most predominant, and the soil is of inferior quality.
In No. 45 is depicted a group of cycada, representatives of which are found fossilized in the mesozoic group
of the carboniferous rocks previously mentioned. Groves of palms, zamia, and cycas are quite common
throughout most of the eastern coast country of Queensland. The fruit of the cycas, after being steeped in
running water for 48 hours, is used by the Australian native as a substitute for bread. After being steeped in
water it is pounded, dried, and converted into damper.
The chief objects in the table cases of soils, rock, &c., are the coal and iron ore, characteristic of the group
intended to be pourtrayed in this division.
The prevailing rocks of both systems of carboniferous rocks in Queensland are sandstones, and coarse grits,
yielding a barren soil, and usually covered with brigalow and other hard wood scrubs.
In some parts of the series, however, especially in the lower portions of both, shales and limestones occur, and
there belts of fertile soil with rich alluviums are met with.
Such fertile belts in the coal measures make excellent selections for the farmer, as these rich alluvial bottoms
can be utilized for the growth of maize, lucerne, &c., whilst the forest country affords good, sound, healthy
pasture land for his stock.
The surface of fully one third of the Moreton, Wide Bay, and Burnett and Leicharddt districts on the east
coast of Queensland is occupied by soils derived from the older and newer coal formations, and perhaps the
area of both would not be less than 40,000 square miles.
The character of the scrub of the coal measures such as, for instance, on the road between Gympie and
Brisbane, is shown in Photographs No. 31 and 32, and the character of the open forests in carboniferous
districts is well shown in Autotype No. 38.
These are the two descriptions of country the emigrant will principally meet with in the districts marked on
the map as occupied by both systems of carboniferous rocks, and there can be no question that when the best
coal seams are explored, and utilized for manufacturing purposes, and for export, and local mining communities
are so formed, many fine farms will be formed in the coal mining districts to supply the miners with produce.
The coal-mining area of the Bowen River, in the Kennedy district, has some fine land for occupation, and
coal, iron, and limestone are abundant, and in immediate proximity to each other.


gum line shan
DIVISION V-PALEOZOIC (DEVONIAN).
The tablet attached to this division gives the following information :—
Paleozoic (Devonian).
Rock.-Crystalline limestone, slate, sandstone, conglomerate in highly inclined strata.
Soil.-Clay or sandy according as slate or sandstone predominates. Fair pasture, naturally unsuitable for
agriculture, except in the alluvial flats.
Products.-Gold, copper, lead, and bismuth ores, especially where the
diorite, felsite, &c. Marble abounds in the lowest rocks of this series.
Extent. (Approximate) 50,000 square miles. ni4% oft

strata are broken up by the intrusion of
Building stone, roofing slates.

*
347
QUEENSLAND. 17 70732
In this division we pass to a geological formation corresponding with the so-called Devonian of Cornwall
and a portion of Devon. This is, in fact, the youngest formation in which metallic minerals of commercial
importance are first met with in Queensland. The extent has been estimated at 50,000 square miles, and this
is probably very much below the actual area. Already ores of almost all the valuable metals have been found
in this formation in Queensland, but, as suggested in the tablet overhead, only those localities broken up by the
intrusion of certain trap rocks, &c., were found worthy the attention of the miner. In the lower part of the
series enormous masses of limestone and marble have been discovered. In one case, in the Clark River district,
Northern Queensland, the writer has ridden along a barrier of solid marble for 80 miles, with an average thick-
ness of one mile, without any break except such as have been forced by the natural drainage of the country.
Illustrations of these natural breaks are shown in Photographs 46 and 48, and samples of the marble are
exhibited immediately under in the table cases.
わ
​The trend of the rocks is admirably shown by these interstratified limestone barriers, and from the top of the
hill on any of these districts there is no difficulty whatever in following the strike of the beds to the extreme
horizon by the line of deep tinted vegetation. Trees growing out of the chinks of the marble add to the
picturesqueness of the country, the foilage invariably exhibiting large, green, glossy leaves, and the entire
landscape offering innumerable subjects for the pencil of the artist. The marble in some instances extends to
the coast, or rather is found in some of the islands off the coast. In one of the Cumberland group it has been
quarried and sent into the colonial market; it it of a delicate cream colour. A sample of this will be found
in one of the cases beneath the photographs.
Photographs 47 and 49 are points on the Gilbert River selected to illustrate the intrusion of a greenstone
dyke, at the junction of which, with the slates and sandstones of the district, an auriferous quartz vein may be
observed in one of the pictures. This, indeed, is invariably the condition under which mineral veins of any
consequence have been discovered in the Devonian rocks of Queensland. It will be seen in Photograph 47, that
the sandstone rocks on which the figure in the foreground is standing are sharply cut off by the greenstone dyke
between him and the river. On the opposite side of the river the horizontal strata of the desert sandstone series
cap the palazoic rocks of the river bed, and these are the general conditions of the mining district of the Gilbert,
Palmer, and Cloncurry mining districts of Queensland.
No. 50 is a view of the mining township of the Gilbert River, and this will give a pretty correct idea of the
general physical character of the Devonian formation as developed in Queensland, gently undulating, lightly
timbered, and scantily grassed, but still forming country suitable for pastoral occupation for stock-breeding
purposes.
No. 51 is a section illustrative of the rocks of the group and general angle of dip developed throughout the
whole country. Sandstones, limestones, and slates interstratified make up the entire formation. Borgar
Nos. 52, 53, 54, 55 and 56 show the varied physical characters of the same district. In No. 53 mining on a
line of reef on the upper Cape district in Queensland is portrayed, the hill in the distance being a massive
dyke of porphyry, and the flat ground occupied by slates, &c. At the intersection of these the line of reef
has been followed and was for a long time profitably worked. Hej wodo!
In the table cases varieties of soil from the limestone districts and polished specimens of the limestones
themselves are exhibited; also varieties of soil from districts where slates, sandstones, &c. abound, and the
rocks from which the soils have been derived. There also may be seen illustrative examples of the different
ores which have been exploited in the Devonian rocks. Here too are shown samples from the great Australian
From the
mine of the Conclurry River, a branch of the Flinders in Northern Queensland.sort to wait
It will be found on examination that the ores from this "Great Australian" mine are of the richest possible
character, exemplifying as they do the masses at the mine, of metallic copper, red oxide, and carbonate. This
is only one of a number of most valuable copper lodes which have been discovered in the same district, but
at the present time they remain unworked on account of the distance from a shipping port, a drawback

348
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. COLONIAL SECTION.
which time and increased facility of transit will ultimately remedy. It is asserted on the best authority that
these are the most valuable mines of copper which have yet been discovered in Australia.
Adjoining these valuable specimens are to be seen samples from the Star River, in the Kennedy mining
district, about 80 miles from the port of Townsville. This also is representative of one of a group of copper
lodes recently discovered in the Star River district, and which promises to afford a large and permanent
export of copper in the future. Indrin
TO BUBINĖLĖV borode
and
There are further shown samples of copper ore from various outcrops in other parts of Queensland, for
example, the Dee copper mine near Rockhampton, the copper mine near Nebo in the Broadside district,
other small outcrops in the south of the colony on which sufficient work has not yet been done to prove their
value as permanent mines. Samples of manganese ore are shown in the same place; one of these, from the
immediate neighbourhood of the township of Gladstone, contains according to careful analysis about 77 per cent.
of peroxide of manganese.
DIVISION VI.-METAMORPHIC.
The tablet over this division gives the following information:
Metamorphic.
Rocks. Mica and hornblende, schist and quartz rock.
Dise buduw
Soil-Sandy or cold clay, unsuitable for agriculture except in the alluvial flats; natural grasses have little or
no flattening properties. All such country would be rated second-class pastoral, and would be sold at 58. per
acre.
Products.-Gold, tin, copper, lead, &c. Lodes of various kinds are found in all the areas in Queensland
occupied by metamorphic rocks especially where penetrated by "Elvan Dykes."

Extent.-(Approximate) 50,000 square miles.
The character of this division is sufficiently indicated in the above compilation, and the photographs from
57 to 67 illustrate the physical character of the formation, which is a most important one to the future of
Queensland. Lodes of all kinds of mineral have been discovered throughout its entire extent, and they are
apparently not so much dependent on the intrusion of volcanic dykes as in other systems, such as the Devonian,
to which a previous division was devoted. In addition to the copper and gold which are the chief materials
found to be associated with the Devonian rocks, ores of tin, antimony, bismuth, and lead have been discovered
in the Metamorphic, and fresh discoveries are being made almost daily.
Photographs 57, 58, 59, and 60 indicate the nature of the level country of the metamorphic districts which is
usually covered with open forests containing valuable but by no means largely growing trees. The wood is
very sound and good, but the timber is as a rule somewhat small in size.
In No. 61 we have an example of the desert sandstone resting immediately on the top of perpendicular cliffs
of metamorphic schist.
In No. 62 a section of the ordinary mica and hornblende schists with their interlaminated quartz veins and
strings are well shown. The view is taken from the junctions of the Copperfield and Lynd rivers, Northern
Queensland. The distant peak on the left is a hill of porphyry, at the intersection of which with the mica schists,
&c., mineral land is generally to be expected.
No. 63 is taken from the top of the Black Mountain of the Cape River district, and admirably exemplifies
the mode in which the physical outline of the country is determined by the strike of the more or less indurated
character of the rocks which make up the geological formation. On the left is a steep range formed by a
barrier of extremely hard quartzite, the trend of which may be easily followed for quite a hundred miles.
The valley between the two ridges has been easily denuded by the removal of very soft mica schists,
beer by the
abutting on much harder hornblende schists. These have been shown to resist denudation only in a degree
somewhat inferior to that of the quartzites as exemplified in the mammilated ridge immediately on the right of


SODE QUEENSLAND.
349
the picture. The artist himself is sitting on a hill which has been formed by a dyke of volcanic rock
traversing these at right angles. mje
Nos. 64, 65, 66, and 67 are views taken promiscuously from various points of the metamorphic districts in
Queensland.
an The usual specimens of soils and rocks appear in the table cases, and in a series of small bottles there are
stored varieties of alluvial gold from various Queensland diggings. In this collection there are also specimens
of drift cinnabar, carbonate of bismuth, tin ore, garnets, zircons, rubies, topazes, &c. In other compartments
there are samples of the different copper ores found in this formation in Queensland. paymast
語
​Amongst the soils, &c. in the table cases are samples of copper ore from the Mount Perry mine in the
Burnet district. During last year this mine paid to its shareholders a dividend of 80 per cent. on the actual
paid-up capital. It forms one of a group of lodes lying in the same locality, and they will all probably be
worked with profit as soon as the railway is completed with the port of Bundiburg on the Burnet River, a
scheme which is now under consideration by the Parliament of Queensland. Specimens from the Normanby,
one of the mines of the same group, will be seen in the adjoinining case, and samples of black oxide, carbonate,
red oxide, and pyrites, ores from the Peak Downs mine. From this mine, copper to the value of one million
pounds has already been shipped, and active work is still continued in that, and other mines of the same
district. Ores from the Maxford mine in the Broadsound district are shown next to the compartment which
holds the specimens from Mount Perry mine. Some very good ore was taken from the surface of this mine,
but it has not been found to be productive at any depth.

DIVISION VII.-GRANITE.
The illustrative tablet gives the following information :-
Rock.-Granite, syenite, &c.
Granite.
Soil. Various, according to composition of rock, generally poor sandy; on the ridges sometimes of fair
quality for agriculture in the alluvial flats, where syenite contains much hornblende soil of better quality.
Fair pasture on the whole, would be classed second-class pastoral, and sold at 5s. per acre.
Products.-Molyden, glance, tin ore, auriferous quartz, building stone.
Extent.-(Approximate) 70,000 square miles.
It is likely that the area given in the above tablet is excessive, as it has been found by recent exploration
that much of the country supposed to be granite in the Cape York peninsula is occupied by metamorphic rocks,
and is now being extensively worked for gold and other commercially valuable minerals.
Several of the photographs in this division furnish a characteristic outline of the weathering of granite.
Nos. 72 to 79 illustrate the scenery of the comparatively level country. The natural grasses in the granitic
districts of the colony are not ordinarily of a fattening quality; such districts are, therefore, mostly taken up
by pastoral settlers who, in the breeding of cattle, have found the country to be of the most valuable kind,
and the young stock enjoy a comparative immunity from pleuro-pneumonia. Where, however, granite country
lies near the coast, so that stock depastured on it can have access to salt pans and the saline herbage around
them, cattle fatten very rapidly.
The table cases afford the usual practical illustrations of what the granitic area produces. Most worthy of
note are the specimens of tin ore from the Stanthorpe district, from which, during the last three years, tin
ore equal in quantity to about one half the amount raised in Cornwall and Devon has been annually shipped
to European markets. There are also to be seen specimens of the alluvial drift in which the tin ore occurs.
DIVISION VIII.-TRAPPEAN.
The term trappean has been adopted to express that form of volcanic action which is represented by the
pipes or cores of rock in connexion with which volcanic matter may or may not have reached and overflowed

350
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
at the surface. Certain forms of these trappean rocks have been found to be of the greatest importance in
Queensland, with reference to the mineral lodes of the country especially throughout the areas occupied by the
Devonian rocks. It is at the intersection of these with paleozoic, metamorphic, or granitic rocks that the most
valuable minerals have been discovered in the colony.
Trapdykes are, commonly speaking, of two characters. The basic traps as influencing mineralization are
usually hornblendic syenites or diorites; if acid, felsites or felspar porphyrys. The basic traps are usually
associated with basic rocks; the acid traps with acid rocks; that is to say, the diorites are more commonly
found in the Devonian rocks in which limestone and calcareous slaty beds abound, and the acid traps are
usually to be found in gneiss, quartzite, and mica schist of the metamorphic series.
Photographs 81 and 82 afford characteristic views of the structure of these diorites as represented in the
bed of the Gilbert River, near its junction with the Percy. This particular dyke is especially massive, and in
some places half a mile broad; but at its junction with the metamorphic rocks of the district, it has been found
on both sides to furnish auriferous quartz veins, and both the bed of the Gilbert and its smaller tributaries
have yielded alluvial gold in paying quantities, in its immeditate vicinity.
The ordinary appearance of the country occupied by trap rocks is shown in Photographs 80 and 83. It is
lightly timbered, possesses gently undulating ridges, and a stiff ferruginous clay suitable for both agricultural
and pastoral purposes, and Photograph 85 shows that, where of sufficient extent, it is admirably adapted for

the latter.
No. 86 is a trap dyke cutting through desert sandstone on the Gilbert River district. This dyke is a dolerite,
and that is a type very common through both of the carboniferous systems of Queensland, but in no case have
dolerite dykes been found associated with mineralising action there.
No. 88 is a view of the Black Mountain in the Cape River district, and is an instance of the intrusion of a
dolerite dyke through the metamorphic schist of the district. Here, however, no mineralising action has
occurred.
Nos. 89, 90, and 91 are illustrations of the intrusion of felsitic and felspar porphyry dykes. The peculiar dome-
shaped appearance of the rocks depicted in these photographs is quite characteristic of this kind of plutonic
disturbance which has extended over the entire eastern districts of Queensland.
No. 89 is a view of the well-known glasshouse mountain lying to the left of the road between Brisbane and
Gympie ; and No. 90 is an equally well-known land mark, Mount Wheeler, about 15 miles from Rockhampton
at the base of which the Cawarral diggings have been and still are extensively worked. The intrusion of this
Mount Wheeler felsite in fact seems to have been the parent of the auriferous veins so extensively worked at its
base, but in rocks quite foreign to itself.
No. 91 represents the domite hills named Scott and Roper's Peak by the traveller Leicharddt in his first
exploration of the Peak Downs district. They are eminently characteristic of the outline of numerous such
hills on the eastern seaboard of Queensland.
Attention may be directed in the table cases to the set of polished serpentines, since serpentine of almost
every known variety and tint can be obtained in any quantity in several Queensland districts.

y and tint can be o
Examples of the useful metallic ores found throughout the system will be found in the wall cases, e.g., the
chrome iron ore found near Ipswich is in a serpentine district, which is said to occur in almost inexhaustible
quantities; this ore is exhibited by Mr. John Harris of Ipswich. The specular iron from the Gilbert River;
this ore is found in all the diorite districts of Queensland in veins of more or less thickness and persistency,
and is one of the troubles of the miners, who find it a difficult task to free their gold from the heavier metallic
substances with which the more precious mineral is associated.
There are also samples of the extremely rich copper ore found in the serpentine district near Princhester,
the assay of which gives 65 per cent. of metallic copper. Adjoining this are samples of copper ore from the
Dotswood mine in the North Kennedy district of Queensland. The ore occurs disseminated in the form of
metallic copper throughout a trap dyke, and also in quartz veins in the same, in a somewhat similar to that of

QUEENSLAND.
351
the copper ore of the Lake Superior district of Canada. Small bosses of metallic copper, weighing as much as
25 lbs., have been found in the exploration of this mine. Somewhat resembling this in its mode of occurrence is
that of the Byerly mine about 40 miles south of Rockhampton. The assay of this ore is as high as 38 per cent. ;
lying as it does at the intersection of a trap dyke with the adjoining country, it was found on exploitation to be
very difficult to follow; the lode which appeared solid on the surface, breaking up into numerous thin irregular
veins when followed in depth. Specimens of hyalite and semi-opal are here to be seen from the neighbourhood
of Bottletree Creek, near Springsure. Fine specimens of noble opal have, though rarely, been found in the
district, and this form of silica is by no means uncommon in other acid dykes of this series.
From the rocks of this series also the natives of Australia have been accustomed to obtain most of their
stone implements. They yield also most ornamental and durable building materials. The soils of the Basic
traps are usually either black or red in colour. The latter is due to the excess of iron, and probaby in all
cases to excess either of hornblende or olivine in the parent rock. The acid series, felsites, felspar,
porphyry, &c., yield on disintegration soils of a comparatively inferior character for either agriculture or the
pasture of stock.
On the whole, however, the trap country of Queensland may be said to be one of the best guides to the
successful explorer, whether he be on the look out for mineral, pastoral, or agricultural settlement, for it is a
guide to the volcanic districts which are most especially adapted to agricultural and pastoral occupations; to the
miner it is an almost unerring finger-post to success.
DIVISION IX.-VOLCANIC.
Rock.-Dolerite, ash, tufa, &c.
Volcanic.
Soil.-Rich black clay-marl very suitable for agriculture, also fine pastoral land.
Products.-On "Darling Downs," wheat and other cereals, vines and fruits of Southern Europe, cotton,
cane, &c. Wool, beef, and mutton on both. Copper has been found as metal and ore in the Volcanic rocks
of the Bowen River and Collaroy ranges; agates in large quantities, Agate creek, Gilbert River.
Extent. (Approximate) 20,000 square miles.
Photographs 93 to 101 are typical of the volcanic districts of Queensland. For example, in No. 93, which
is a view taken near the Lolworth Station in the North Kennedy district, we have the level richly grassed
plains common in such districts surrounding an isolated pinnacle of granite which formed an island in the
sea of lava that originally flowed around it. These conditions are common to all the volcanic districts in
Queensland; the lava flows, filling up the old valleys in the neighbourhood of craters from which their material
was derived.
No. 94 is a view illustrating nearly the same physical conditions as the above, near the township of
Springsure.
No. 95, taken from near Bluffdowns Station on the Basalt River, illustrates the well-watered type of the
volcanic districts.
No. 96 is a view from near the head of the same stream. It is frequently experienced that permanent
springs of water are found at the heads of creeks in volcanic districts, capable of supplying a running stream
throughout the whole of the year, and filling all the watercourses connected with them, for a long distance
from the source of supply. Especially is this the case where beds of volcanic ash are interstratified with porous
basalt, and the beds have a gentle inclination from the crater. Natural artesian springs are thus formed,
supplying permanent water to the districts which, had all the lava flows been of a porous character, without the
intervention of impervious beds, would have probably necessitated a waterless district during the dry season.
No. 97 (and also 99) is a portion of the Peak Downs, near the Wolfang station, with one of the before-
mentioned domite peaks in the distance. This country has been admirably described by Leicharddt in his book
of travels descriptive of his first passage through the country. On the Peak Downs the soil is of the richest
Had a

352
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
character, and the native grasses are of the most fattening description. About three-quarters of a million of
sheep are at the present time depastured upon them.
No. 98, however, expresses in the most characteristic manner the ordinary appearance of the Downs country
of ordinary volcanic areas in Queensland. The downs are usually those portions of such areas where the rock
has been much more easily decomposed than the generality of the "basalt" of these which districts have been
formed. The harder beds of lava and those more difficult of decomposition are covered with thinly timbered
forest country; the soil being shallow and mixed up with rocky boulders, which, though suitable for pasturage,
is comparatively unfit for cultivation.
No. 100. This view, which was taken from the Maryvale Station, in the North Kennedy district, is a good
average illustration of the physical character of the open country in volcanic districts of the Upper Burdekin,
Northern Queensland. It is in latitude 19 deg. 30 min. S., and at an elevation of 1,600 feet above the level of
the sea.
In the garden attached to the homestead were grown pumpkins, sweet potatoes, English potatoes,
cabbages, lettuce, yams, maize, sorghum, beans, peas, pine apples, oranges, peaches, lemons, mulberries,
vines, &c. Whilst this photograph is fairly characteristic of the Downs country adjoining the watercourses
of the volcanic districts of Queensland, No. 101 is quite as representative of the rocky table lands.
Volcanic rocks and soils are sampled in the cases, and amongst the specimen products are those of agate,
cornelian, and various kinds of silica. These are found in connexion with such rocks, and notably is this the
fact on Agate Creek in the Gilbert district, where enormous quantities of agates freed from the matrix
are scattered over the surface. Copper and copper ores are also found filling cavities in some localities
notably in the Basalts of the Bowen River district.
An analysis of five samples of soils derived from basic volcanic rocks of Queensland, which are exhibited in
the table cases in this division is appended.
No. 1. From the Government Penal Establishment, St. Helena, in Moreton Bay, is that in which experi-
ments in cane growing has been for a series of years carried on successfully.
No. 2 is from the Ormiston Plantation, the property of the Honourable Louis Hope, the pioneer sugar
planter of Queensland.
No. 3 is soil taken from near the Killarney Station on Darling Downs, and it and No. 5 may be considered
as fair typical representatives of the "black soils" of the "Volcanic Downs" country in Queensland.
No. 4. From the "Queen's Park," near Ipswich is a "black soil," derived from the decomposition of a local
intrusion of basalt near that town.

ANALYSIS of SOILS derived from the decomposition of Volcanic Rocks in Queensland.
Organic Matter
contains
Government Penal Establish-
ment, St. Helena (red soil).
Ormiston Plantation, Cleve-
land (red soil).
Wheat soil, Killarney, Darling
Downs (black soil).
Queen's Park, Ipswich (black
soil).
Near Jimbour Station, Darling
Downs (black soil).
Latitude.
Longitude.
Specific Gravity.
212° F.
Water
lost
at
Organic Matter.
Clay, Oxides of
Iron, and Alu-
mina.
Fine Sand Quartz.
w
27° 24'
27° 30'
153° 15'
.153° 16'
2.351
1.746 4.117 75.886 18.251
100.000
0.084
0.102
2.445
2.639
4.446 92.095
820
100 000
0.041
0.049
2 294 5.769
4.200
72 638
17.393
100.000 0.072 0.087
2.130 13.523 4.220
77.977
4*280
100 000 0.137 0.166
2.329
9.150
2.699 83.749
4.402
100.000 0.061 0.074
Total.
Nitrogen.
Equal
to
Ammonia.

QUEENSLAND.
353
Water at
212° F.
Organic
Matter.
Oxides,
Iron, and
Alumina.
DE CHEMICAL “ANALYSIS.
SOLUBLE IN WATER.
Lime.
Magnesia.
St. Helena
Ormiston
Wheat soil, Killarney
Wheat soil, Queen's Park
Wheat soil, Jimbour
(continued.)
1.746 0.110
2.639 0.110 Trace
5.769 0.124 0.101
13.523 0.158 0.046
0.089 0.035
Trace
0.084
0.023
0.0005
5005
0.089.
0.029 0.017
0.114
0.094
0*008 | 0·002
0.288
0*056
0.067
0.036 0.005
0.034 0.008
0.054
0·1635 | 0·020
0.051 6.001 4 336
0.080 3.055 4.076
0.047 7.696
2.564
4.007
0.084
0.041
0.072
4.062 0 137
0.101
0.075 4.352 2.610 0.061
Chlorine.
St. Helena
Ormiston
Wheat soil, Killarney
Wheat soil, Queen's Park
Wheat soil, Jimbour
1
14
SOLUBLE IN ACID-continued.
Phosphoric
Acid.
Silica, solu-
ble in
Alkalies.
Insoluble
Silicious
Residue.
20.366 14.628 0.117 0.070
16.765 24.540 0.054 0.070
6.727 11.011 0.369 0.269
9.553 11.934 1.368 2.128
9.283 12.156 1.856 1.081
0.100
0.097 0.041 0.219
0.223 0.116 0.271
0.099 0.077 0.042
0.454 0.218 0.054
100 0.191 0.082
Trace
Trace
0.129
0.484
Trace 0.073 13.719 41 936
0.044 16.025 28 759
0.057
0.057 17.944 49 416
0.060 26.236 23 691
0.343 25.687 31 863
This table of analysis of volcanic soils does not give the determination of the portion insoluble in acid, and
therefore hardly expresses their full value to the agriculturist.
The analysis of three varieties of Queensland “basalt " (for under this technical term the rock from which
these soils has been derived is generally known in the colony) are therefore added to show what the com-
paratively unaltered rock is composed of, and how rich it is in all the mineral ingredients required for the
perfecting of grain and grasses.
No. 1 is from the Black Mountain in the Cape River district, an enlarged microscopic section of which will
be observed leaning against the table under Division IX., and is composed of a micro-crystallic felspathic and
augitic base in which occur numerous isolated crystals and crystalline aggregations of augite, olivine, and
magnetite.
No. 2 is from the "native cat-scrub" in the Rockhampton district, an enlarged microscopic section of which
may be also seen leaning against the table under Division IX., and is composed of a micro-crystallic felspathic
and augitic base, in which occur large crystals and crystalline aggregations of triclinic felspar.
No. 3 is from near Jimbour Station on Darling Downs, an enlarged microscopic section of which may be seen.
resting against the table under Division IX., and is composed of a base which was probably nearly all augite,
but which from decomposition has become almost opaque, thickly studded with incomplete crystals of triclinic
with some mono-clinic felspar.
·
All these so-called "basalts" are mixtures in varying proportions of triclinic, felspar, augite, olivine, and
magnetite, in equally varying conditions of structure; sometimes the augitic portion is in excess, sometimes the
felspathic; when the former, the rock is more basic, when the latter, more acid (that is, contains more silica), the
quantity of magnetite in each rock of course modifying this deduction.
It may probably be held to be a fact that the red soils in volcanic districts derived are from the basalts
containing a large proportion of olivine or augite or both.
The black soils originating from the more felspathic series.
N
Sulphuric
Acid and
Alkalies.
Silicas,
finely di-
vided.
Water of
SOLUBLE IN ACID.
Consti-
tution.
Organic
Matter.
Equal to
Nitrogen.
36714.

354
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
ANALYSES of TYPICAL QUEENSLAND "BASALTS," from which the Black and Red Volcanic Soils of
Queensland have been derived.
Silica
Alumina
Ferric Oxide
Ferrous Oxide
Lime
Magnesia
Potash
Soda
Phosphoric Acid -
Carbonic Acid
Sulphuric Acid
Loss on ignition
Black
Mountain,
No. 1.
Native Cat,
No. 2.
Jimbour,
No. 3.
44.801
55.801
57.870
19.441
16.147
14.086
4.902
2.265
1.801
8.413
6.818
9.450
9.632
7.466
6.160
5.694
3.149
2.902
1.505
1.756
1.408
3.878
4.305
3.429
0.448
0.832
0.340
0.360
0.494
1.716
1.146
1.559
To show the action of atmospheric decomposition on these "basalts," and the value of their exposure to
this influence, to the agriculturist, a comparative table of the analysis of the Jimbour rock and the soil derived
from it is appended.
The water lost at 212° has been eliminated in the calculation of the analysis of the soil.
It will be observed from this that whilst only about one-fourth of the rock is decomposed by hydrochloric
acid, two-thirds of the soil is in this condition.
That the main difference between the rock and the soil is the loss of alkaline earths and alkalies by the
percolation of carbonated waters and the substitution of water in their places.
The felspars and augites of the rock passing into clays and zeolites in the soil.
The protoxides of iron in the augites and olivines of the rock passing into per-oxides in the soil, and
determining by their abundance or otherwise the colour of such soil.
Jimbour Rock, Jimbour Rock, Jimbour Soil,
Jimbour Soil,
insoluble in
Acid.
soluble in
Acid.
insoluble in
Acid.
soluble in
Acid.
Soluble Silica (set free by alkali)
9.201
28.358
Silica
48.669
alteqe Alumina
2.608
11.478
13.419
27.944
1.469
fury alond
vio Ferri Oxide
1,474
336/10.218 88
Ferrous Oxide
4.651
4.799
⚫926
Lime
1.820
4.340
2.116
2.000
to ng Magnesia seram
1.495
1·407
1.227
.881
adiogelol
Potash
21154
21.254 kl
***499
⚫453
Soda
Phosphoric acid afford to antigo 15
•
3.273
⚫239
1.290
387
• 445
377
.000
Trace
Sulphuric acid
Trace
Trace
1-559
at ad moderan oltique adr aperiton
que o km Carbonic acid-
Organic acid, her faldive testi di bel
milo to Water of constitution w bibes
fraeivio orique plot piilolar to mitic
dvomis unes004.790
23*505_17649564806ent &
punilor 100 000
100 000 to tonttil
to DIVISION IXA,DOGt.bertos to dog ber ni
This division is devoted mainly to the display of the geological map of the colony of Queensland, and on it
are marked in distinctive colours the areas occupied by the various geological formations represented in
Divisions I. to IX.
Join siitepalo onora ad mert guttonighto ellos Am T
*
533 X
.000
wm 494 not-059
⚫231
2.971
ddita rud
35.194
Ribo: 100 000

QUEENSLAND.
355
It can only of course be accepted as an approximate estimation of such distinctive areas, as very much remains
to be done before any such delineation can approach the reality; it is hoped, however, that by its aid, and the
description which has been given of Divisions I. to IX., and the specimens of rock soils and products arranged
in the table cases, a fair idea of the geology, physical characteristics, and natural productions of Queensland
may be arrived at by the visitor to the Queensland Court at Philadelphia.
DIVISION XA.
In this division the wall space is occupied by the general map of the colony, showing the position of the various
gold, copper, and other mining districts, and detailed maps of some of these are exhibited under the general map.
On the table cases representative specimens of ores from these mining areas represented on the map will
be found.
It will be observed on reference to the map that the gold fields of Queensland are very numerous, and have in
fact been discovered at intervals on the slopes on either side the main dividing range which separates Eastern
and Western waters, and also on spurs of the range which forms the watershed to the Gulf of Carpentaria.
The names of these gold fields are Talgai, Gympie, Kilkivan, Calliope, Canoona, Cawarral, Morinish,
Peak Downs, Cape River, Charters Towers, Ravenswood, Star River, situated on streams running to the East
Coast; and Etheridge, Gilbert, Palmer, Cloncurry, on tributaries of rivers falling into the Gulf of Carpentaria.
It is difficult to arrive at the produce of these gold fields either in detail or in the aggregate, as there is now
no duty on gold in Queensland.
The banks, however, which buy most of the gold produced, always report the same when exported to the Customs.
The yield of gold alone from this source would in 1874 be about one million sterling, but in 1875 this amount
would be greatly increased owing to the large produce from the Palmer diggings, which during 1874 exported
from the port of Cookstown alone gold of the value of more than 500,0007.
The alluvial deposits in which gold has been found in Queensland have hitherto been very shallow, and
therefore easily rifled of their contents; the river beds however which can only be worked during the dry season
will probably for years afford subsistence wages to parties of miners, a portion of whose number may either be
engaged opening auriferous quartz veins, or prospecting for more remunerative alluvial deposits in other portions
of the same district.
It is to the auriferous quartz veins in fact in all these districts that the principal attention is now given, and
there can be no doubt that these will afford remunerative employment to miners for centuries, especially
when a more economical system of mining is adopted, and the facilities for conveying mining plant to the
various mining centres are increased by railway communication.
The average yield from the auriferous quartz veins in the colony has always stood very high as compared
with that of other Australian colonies.
The yield per ton of the Gympie quartz up to 1870 was at the rate of 23 ozs. per ton, and the statistical register
for the colony gives the following as the average of some of the gold fields previously mentioned for 1873:-
RETURN of the AVERAGE YIELD from AURIFEROUS QUARTZ crushed, in 1873, on the several Gold Fields
where Crushing Machines were in operation. ma
Total tons, 80,064; total produce, 139,527 ozs.; average yield per ton, 1 oz. 14 dwts. 20 grs.
The total quantity of gold raised at Gympie from the date of its discovery in 1867 to 31st December 1874,
has been 380,825 ounces, which, valued at 37. 10s. per ounce, gives a yield of 1,332,8721.
The following particulars respecting one of the quartz claims of Gympie was given in the "Queenslander"
of February 20th, 1875.
them T med Ja
"The half-yearly meeting of the shareholders of Nos. 7 and 8 Monkland was held on the 10th instant. This
claim has now been formed into a company under the Limited Liability Act, with a capital of 75,000l. in
15,000 shares of 57. each; 14,000 shares are allotted to the present shareholders and the remaining 1,000 are


z 2

356
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
kept as a reserve fund. From the balance sheet submitted we gather the following particulars :-Proceeds of
gold for the half-year, 15,026 14s. 8d.; to amount paid away in dividends, 7,500l.; wages and working
expenses, 3,1867. 8s. 3d.; carting, crushing, and assaying, 1,1437. 58. 3d. From the manager's report we learn
that the claim has crushed during the half year 1,818 tons of quartz for a yield of 4,257 ozs. of gold; the cost
of raising the stone has been about 27. 2s. 94d. per ton, including dead work. The reef was struck in the
company's deep shaft at 348 feet from the surface, and sinking was continued to the depth of 372 feet; levels
were put in north and south at 360 feet, from which level 66 tons 5 cwt. of quartz obtained yielded 989 ozs.
The main drive at the 247-feet level was broken through to the Nicholls' workings on the 8th January. There
is a block of quartz left to stope out, which is expected will take from five to six weeks; the stone is considered
good. Sinking was recommenced in the winze from the 247-feet level on the 4th December, and since then
26 feet (making the total depth from the 247-feet level 68 feet), have been sunk. The directors' report states
that "although the dividends declared for the past half-year have not been so much as on previous occasions,
"we consider there is no ground for discouragement, inasmuch as, when the machinery is completed, we expect
"the
e lower levels to be highly remunerative. Had we not had the machinery to pay for, we should have been
"able to divide 1,8497. more than what has already been paid in dividends. For the information of share-
"holders, we may state that your secretary informs us that from the commencement of the claim there has been
"raised and crushed 7,847 tons of quartz, for a return of 28,572 ozs. 11 dwts. 18 grs. of gold (melted), and
"paid in dividends, 77,1307. 11s." The following are the returns from the claim from May 1, 1872 to
December 18, 1874, 7,028 tons, 24,496 oz.
Although the Gympie gold field has undoubtedly borne away the palm at present from the other Queensland
gold fields for the extreme richness of some of its auriferous quartz, still others, especially in the North, are
becoming quite as attractive to the miner, from the more uniform and yet highly remunerative returns from the
auriferous lodes opened there; these are Ravenswood, Charters Towers, Etheridge, and Palmer.
Ravenswood
Has at present a population of about 700, and produces about 20,000 ounces of gold per annum, which could
be very largely increased if the pyritous ores which are there associated with the gold were treated by the
skilled metallurgist.
The present crushing power on the field is 64 stamps; the reefs occur in syenitic granite; their number and
extent may be learned by consulting the mining map of Ravenswood, constructed by Mr. T. R. Hacket, the
late resident Government Gold Commissioner, which is displayed in this division Xa.

Charters Towers
Is distant from Townsville about 100 miles. Its present annual yield of gold is about 60,000 ounces; its
population is between 2,500 and 3,000. The crushing power on the field is 79 stamps. The following return
of crushings from the principal reefs during 1873, 1874, and to June 1875, will indicate the value of this field
as a permanent mining district :-
Total crushings for the year 1873, 59,835; 1874, 50,212; to June 25, 1875, 22,601. By escort, 1873,
74,745; 1874, 62,345.
N.B.-The escort returns include alluvial gold collected on the gold field, and sɔ give the total yield of the metal from all
Fources.
Etheridge.
The Etheridge gold field is distant from Townsville about 350 miles, from Cardwell 190 miles, and from
Normanton 200 miles. models fo
It draws its supplies chiefly from the latter port; the Government escort, however, conveys the gold pro-
duced on the field to Cardwell for shipment.

QUEENSLAND.
357
Its population is about 500; the production of gold is at the rate of 25,000 ounces per annum.
This might be increased to a large extent if the mines were worked with more capital, and some of the rock-
drilling machines in such common use in America were substituted for the present hand drilling.
Indeed, no great increase in the production of gold can be hoped for from such fields as Ravenswood, Charters
Towers and Etheridge, where the auriferous lodes are walled by granite or syenitic granite, unless drills driven
by machinery are brought into play.
Palmer.
This gold field is distant from Townsville about 500 miles and from Cookstown 150 miles.
The population, of which about two-thirds are Chinese; is estimated at 14,000.
Unlike the other gold fields of Queensland, its alluvial gold has not yet been all worked out, during 1875 the
miners engaged on the Palmer and its tributaries secured some 150,000 ounces of gold, none of which was the
produce of auriferous reefs.
Now, however, attention is being paid to the reefs of the Palmer district which are said to be numerous,
especially in the neighbourhood of Maytown, and it is asserted that the field will afford permanent and
remunerative occupation for quartz miners for many years.
The mining maps of Gympie, Ravenswood, and some other gold fields are exhibited in Division No. XA., and
specimens of the auriferous lodes from most of the Queensland gold fields will be found either in the gold case
in the centre of the Court, or in the table cases of Division No. X.

Tin Mining.
Early in 1872 discoveries of drift tin ore were made in the southern portion of Queensland near the borders
of New South Wales, and since that period a supply has been obtained from this locality, which is known as the
Stanthorpe district, at the rate of about 5,000 tons per annum, equal to about one half the English production
for the same period, and about one-sixth of the total production of the world.
Although tin ore has only yet been worked in Queensland in the Stanthorpe district, it is known to exist in
several other localities, for example on tributaries of the Star river and on the Western creek, and is especially
plentiful in portions of the Palmer district.
The present low price of tin, and the cost of conveyance to a port of shipment from the last-mentioned locality,
has, however, kept any of this ore being thrown on an already glutted market.
A map of the Stanthorpe district and full report on the same will be found in this Division XA., from which
any further information required may be obtained.
Copper Mining
Has attracted great attentlon in Queensland for several years on account of the great success of the Peak
Downs mine.
This mine commenced operations in 1865 and had in the outset great difficulties to contend with. The
principal one was, that Rockhampton the port first used for shipping the copper, was 278 miles distant from the
mine.
At the end of 1872, however, more than 1,000,0007. worth of copper had been smelted and sold, and more
than 200,0007. had been paid in dividends.
Active operations are still being carried on there, and other centres for copper mining industry have since
been discovered.
These are chiefly the Mount Perry (about 70 miles from Maryborough) and the Conclurry, from both of
which districts large supplies of copper may be depended on as soon as cheap carriage to the seaboard is

assured.
Specimens from these and numerous other copper lodes in all parts of Queensland will be found in the centre

358
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
of the Court opposite this division, and it may safely be asserted that Queensland may be depended on in the
future for the continous supply of large quantities of this metal.
Coal Mining
Is quite in its infancy in Queensland, the colony however possesses a very large extent of the carboniferous
rocks with interstratified coal seams of varied quality and thickness, which in future years will doubtless be
one of her most reliable sources of wealth, and will afford remunerative employment for a large settled
population.
The extent and position of her coal fields are shown in the mining map in this division No. A, and samples
of the coal from the few mines at work will be found in the centre of the Court opposite this division.
DIVISION X.-MINING.
It is only within the last few years that mining exploration has been systematically carried on in Queens-
land. Every month tends to show increasing activity in this direction, and increasingly satisfactory results.
In 1864 the exports of all mining produce from Queensland amounted only to 87,000l.; in 1874 they amounted
to more than a million and a half.
Photographs 102 to 112 are devoted to the illustration of some phases of mining life and mining operations
in Queensland. In No. 102 we have depicted the ordinary rough accommodation of a prospecting party of
diggers. Their hut, constructed in 48 hours, though sufficiently comfortable for the climate, is certainly not
luxurious in appearance, nor indeed in reality, but the miners themselves give evidence that the toilsome and
rough life which they have chosen does not injure their health or temper. They are representatives of the
stalwart men who are found in thousands preferring this work to that of any other, and rejoicing in what many
would consider unbearable hardships. The stock in trade of an ordinary alluvial miner is on view around the
hut; viz., the pick, shovel, tin dish and cradle, and as cleanliness is said to rank perhaps before godliness
with the Australian digger, his outfit is not complete without his bar of soap and rough jack-towel, as shown in
the photograph.
No. 103 shows McGann's Flat on the Upper Cape diggings in Queensland, and illustrates at the same time one
of those rare cases in Queensland where deep alluvial mining has been carried on. As has been before remarked,
nearly all the alluvial diggings of Queensland are shallow and easily worked out. Here, however, the depth of
mining in order to reach the bed rock on which the gold was found, varies from 30 to 120 feet.
No. 104 is taken from near the junction of the Lynd and Copperfield rivers, Northern Queensland. In
the foreground is shown the outcrop of a copper lode which at a depth of 40 feet was known to be 20 feet.
thick, but as the ore did not average more than 10 per cent. the cost of cartage to the coast was an effectual bar
to further exploration.
No. 105 is a view of the township of Ravenswood shortly after the discovery of the diggings there. The
ore from the reefs is of a highly pyritous character, in some cases attaining as much as 30 per cent. of copper
pyrites and occasionally yielding as much as 15 ounces of gold per ton. From the surface to the water level
these ores were decomposed and assumed the form of oxides; there was in consequence no impediment to the
satisfactory amalgamation of the gold by mercury, and so long as this surface work was carried on the miners
were well content with the results, and the whole of the lodes were in consequence worked down to the water
level.
No. 106 well represents the peculiar feature in Queensland gold mining, "ravine working." Here the gold
is found among the rolled boulders of the creek bed, and imbedded between the crevices of the rock, sometimes
to a depth of 6 or 8 inches. The tub, crable, and tin dish, the only machinery applied to this form of mining,
will be duly noticed in the picture.

WEI QUEENSLAND.
359
No. 107 shows the ordinary method of raising quartz from the mine until steam is introduced to the work.
This photograph was taken in the early days of the Gympie diggings. Now, however, all the modern appliances
of steam machinery, both for raising and crushing quartz, are in full operation. The quartz raised from some
of the mines in these diggings has already been noted as perhaps the richest in Australia.
No. 108 is also a view in the Gympie mining district. The next picture (109) is an illustration of the
method of conducting business in some cases on the diggings: a shoemaker wishes to purchase a cradle-(not to
rock a baby,) but to separate the virgin gold from the dirt with which it is associated, and he brings a pair of
boots to effect his purchase. Such a primitive mode of conducting business has, however, ceased long ago;
gold in coin and in its native state are the circulating medium on the Queensland gold fields.
No. 110 represents the digger enjoying his otium cum dig. on that one day in the seven which even he sets
apart for cessation from labour. The strictness in which Sunday is observed is in fact one of the features.
of life at the Australian diggings.
Nos. 111 and 112 are views of the rough plant erected for smelting on the Peak Downs copper mine. Here
copper to the value of more than a million sterling has already been raised, smelted, and shipped to the
European markets, and the mine is still in active operation. No ore has yet been raised from below the
40-fathom level.
Samples of auriferous quartz from various diggings and refuse tailings from the the stamping mills are
to be seen in the wall cases, and it will be observed that the loss of gold from imperfect manipulation in the
tailings is more than equal to the yield obtained; with improved machinery and a more economical system of
mining the auriferous quartz veins of Queensland offer endless remunerative employment to the enterprising
miner.
Amongst the various mining products of Queensland arranged in the table cases are auriferous ores from
various diggings; lead ores from the Gilbert district, Cloncurry, Western Creek, and Stainton Harcourt in the
Burnet district; copper ore from Cloncurry, Peak Downs, Star River, Princhester, &c.; antimony ore from
St. John's Creek in the Burnet district; bismuth ore from Cloncurry, silver ore from New Zealand gully in the
Rockhampton district; stream and lode tin from the Stanthorpe, Palmer, Star, and other districts, and a variety
of ores a description of which will be found attached to the specimens themselves.
The regulations affecting the acquisition and holding of land for the purpose of mining for alluvial gold and
those affecting the holding of auriferous reefs in Queensland are displayed in frames in this division. They
are as follows :-
REGULATIONS affecting the AcqUISITION of LAND for the purpose of MINING for ALLUVIAL GOLD.-The
holder of a "Miner's Right" (acquired by an annual payment of 10s.) is entitled to hold an ordinary
alluvial claim of 50 by 50 feet, and a Company can hold 50 by 50 feet for every member: each block to be
rectangular, and no side being less than 50 feet; or, in wet alluvial claims, 50 by 100 for one person, 100 by
100 feet for two, and so in proportion for any greater number of a party; or, in rivers or creeks, 50 lineal feet
in the general direction of the stream.
Conditions.-To be continuously worked, but transferable.
REGULATIONS affecting the HOLDING of AURIFEROUS REEFS in QUEENSLAND.-The discoverer of a gold-
bearing reef is awarded as follows:----
With 100 feet
150
99
""
along line of
400 yards
one mile
200
reef if less
""
"">
two miles
300
than
"
99
ten miles
500
99
92
distant from any line of
ove
reef worked.
over ten miles
The holder of a "Miner's Right" (which is acquired by an annual payment of 10s.) is entitled to 50 feet by
40 deep along the line of reef, or a Company is entitled to 50 feet by 400 deep each man.

360
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
Conditions.Claim must have boundaries marked at right angles to base line; registered, and worked by half
the number of miners to whom claims are allotted.
Leases of land not exceeding 25 acres may also be obtained for a term of 21 years, after a gold field has been
two years proclaimed, at a rental of 17. per acre per annum.
DIVISIONS XI. AND XII.-AGRICULTURAL.
Photographs 113 to 124 and 124A to 124L represent various phases of agricultural life in Queensland. In
Nos. 113, 114, and 115, we have a view of selector's homesteads in the Mary river district. The clearing has here
been effected on the river bank, formerly occupied by dense scrubs. This land, technically known as "scrub,"
is of the richest description, and has been found admirably adapted for the growth of any kind of agricultural
produce, and notably where the climate is suitable, for the growth of sugar-cane. At present the banks of
navigable rivers have chiefly been chosen for pioneer occupation on account of the facilities of sending the
produce to market at a cheap rate.
No. 116 is a view of the Messrs. Raff & Co.'s sugar plantation, Moray-fields on the Cabulture river, in the
Moreton district. The crushing plant is seen in the foreground, with the cane plantation behind.
No. 117 represents a sugar mill in the Mackay district; the type of a large number of mills erected on
many thriving plantations in the same district.
No. 118 illustrates the means adopted to convey the sugar from the plantation to the wharf, where water
carriage is not available.
No. 119 shows us the hut of an agricultural pioneer, a class of building probably not unknown, and not for
the first time seen in the United States. It is a slab hut roofed with shingle; pigs, poultry, and children thrive
naturally in all such settlements in Queensland, and in this picture representatives of each were present in
force when the photographer happened to pass that way.
No. 120 is a view of a sugar manufactory in the Maryborough district, and is a type of plant sent out
from England to the order of settlers in the Mary River district.
In No. 121 are shown the usual adjuncts of a sugar plantation, beds of pine-apples and groves of orange
trees; throughout the whole of the coast district of Queensland the pine-apple flourishes most luxuriantly,
yielding the finest and most full-flavoured fruit.
No. 122 is a view taken on the plantation of Mr. Davidson, a pioneer planter of the Mackay district. The
luxurious growth of the cane is here unmistakably apparent.
No. 123 presents a view of the establishment of a sugar planter, and in No. 124 we have a satisfactory proof
of the capacity of the alluvial banks of Eastern Queensland for the production of sugar-cane.
DIVISION No. XII.
This division is also devoted to agriculture, and is illustrated by photographs from No. 124A to 124L.
No. 129A shows a clearing in the scrub for sugar plantation on the Herbert River in Northern Queensland.
Nos. 124B and 124c are views of the residence of a sugar planter on the Macnade plantation, Herbert River.
These are examples of a considerable number of planters' residences situated on the same river; where a large
area is taken up for the purpose of forming plantations, but the proprietors are at present engaged more at
clearing their land than in building houses.
No. 124D is a view of the sugar mill erected on the same plantation.
No. 124F shows the means adopted by the planters on the Herbert River for forwarding their sugar to market
by means of flat-bottomed punts suited to the navigation of the river.
No. 124G is a characteristic view met with on the banks of the Herbert River.
Nos. 124H, I, J, K, and L, are characteristic views of such areas in Queensland as could be selected at the
rate of 15s. per acre in the settled districts of the Colony. These are classed as First Class for agriculture,
and the payments are made by equal instalments, extending over 10 years. The richest alluvial scrub soils,

QUEENSLAND.
361
and the volcanic districts of Queensland, are the only ones usually classed as agricultural, and as open for
selection at the above-named rate.
Underneath the photographic illustrations in Divisions XI. and XII., are the usual table cases containing
representative samples of cotton, maize, wheat, barley, coffee, tea, sugar, arrowroot, tobacco, &c.
Also samples of cocoons and raw and manufactured silk; the production of silk is now receiving careful
attention in the colony.
Farming Statistics.
The Queensland farmer differs materially from his brother operator in other parts of Australia, in the kind
of climate, rainfall, soil, and crops he has to contend with. He has little frost and no snow to fear or provide
against. He can, in some favoured localities-such as the Darling Downs-turn out a fair wheat at the rate
of from 20 to 30 bushels to the acre, and his bacon, hams, and butter, are here almost up to the mark of the
New Zealand, Tasmanian, Victorian, or Shoalhaven production in firmness and flavour. Gatton, too, near the
approaches of the great Main Range to the lower country of Ipswich has a specialty for potatoes, almost
rivalling the far-famed Brown's River product of fair Hobart Town. The farmers in Queensland grow arrow-
root and sugar, and they make wine, but not raisins as yet. They raised enough wheat in, 1873 to turn out
1,300 tons of flour, besides meal, &c; and there were, during the same year, 125,968 lbs. of arrowroot made in
the colony. Maize is also greatly cultivated, and both it and arrowroot are grown to an extent nearly equal to
all the home consumption. Tobacco to the amount of 8,568 lbs. was manufactured in the colony in 1873, as
well as 41,979 gallons of wine. The ordinary vegetables of domestic life, such as the carrot, turnip, cauliflower,
asparagus, artichoke, &c., can all be well grown in Southern Queensland, and the fruit of the hibiscus, known
as rosella, and that of the Cape gooseberry (Physalus Capensis) make a jam and jelly more suitable for invalids
afflicted in liver or lung than any other in the world. But ordinary farming is an avocation not followed up to
the fullest as yet in Queensland, or the imports would never show nearly a thousand tons of hay per annum still
brought into the colony, as is the case. The mountain slopes of the southern parts will support a fair propor-
tion of farmers; but fewer of them (in the general sense of the term) will take root in the North. Honey is
plentiful and delicious, as the native flowers are abundant and full of refreshing fragrance. In short, when
the science of irrigation has been a little more mastered and matured than it is at present, and when a little
pastoral is blended with the agricultural industry on each farm homestead in Queensland, then there will be few
happier or more independent men on the face of the earth than the yeomen of the southern parts of this colony.
Wool, cotton, silk, maize, oil, wine, honey, raisins, figs, olives, tea, coffee, oranges, lemons, citrons, pine-apple,
banana, cheese, butter, ham, and bacon; and still more sources of profit are open to him, and, in a word, all
the varied products of Spain, Portugal, France, and Italy are at the command of man's industry in this new
territory of Queensland. Operations are, however, chiefly confined to lands within 100 miles of the sea, for
the rainfall steadily diminishes with every degree we recede from the coast.
Sugar-growing in Queensland.
This universally important article of commerce is destined to figure heavily and increasingly among the
products of North-eastern Australia, or Queensland. In the year 1866 there was no sugar grown here at all.
In 1867 a modest 168 tons were made, the returns swelling to 619 tons in 1868, and increasing to 1,490 tons
in 1869. In 1870 the product had grown to 2,854 tons, and in 1871 to 3,762 tons; 1872 again saw this nearly
doubled, in the shape of 6,266 tons; and in 1873, the latest year up to which full official returns have been
made, the quantity was 7,987 tons. The yield for 1874 is no less than 14,000 tons! And as the quantity has
increased so has also the quality of the article; and the refined whites from Yengarie, and the splendid "raws
from Eaton Vale, are able to recall the palmiest days of glorious old Demerara, with its superb saccharine
crystals, drawn from those measureless depths of rich vegetable soil in the great South American Savannah.
The quantity of molasses, too, it is needless to say, has kept pace with the yield of sugar, and has gradually
19

362
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. COLONIAL SECTION.
crept up from 13,100 gallons returned in 1867, to 442,253 gallons in 1873. The sugar mills were six in
number in 1868, and they had become 66 in number by 1873. There were 1,238 acres of cane crushed during
the year 1869, and by 1873 there were no less than 5,380 acres of it put under the rollers. The rum of 1867 is
now prized above any Jamaica for its rich mellowness, for in those inexperienced days they did not, in Queens-
land, stint the sugar in making it, as is now done in the more sophisticated West Indies. In that year they
distilled only 12,045 gallons in Queensland, but in 1873 they made 164,413 gallons. Sugar-growing is carried
on in all the Logan country which lies between the Brisbane River and the stupendous M'Pherson's Range, the
southern boundary of the colony. This Logan district includes the Albert, the Pimpama, the Coomera, the
Nerang, and other divisions of that agricultural community which is found on the south side of the metropolis
of the colony. Another large centre of sugar-growth is found in the Maryborough district, where Messrs.
Tooth and Cran's great refinery at Yengarie supplies a want in the way of costly machinery and finished
appliances which other parts of Queensland do not enjoy. But the sugar country, par excellence, of North
Australia is found on the Pioneer River, of which Mackay is the shipping port. The climate is here no longer
a matter of doubt and question as it is at Maryborough and the Logan, in respect of its suitability for sugar
growth. The absence of frost and the presence of rich depths of treeless soil put this at rest; and it is here
that some of the heaviest returns per acre have been realised. The country at the back of Cardwell, still
further north (and in the latitude of Jamaica), turns out a splendid article in sugar. One pleasing feature in
the growth of it is found in the lucrative return made to the small working farmer, who, even more than the
capitalist, has found fair profit yielded from his sugar-cane patch, which has put his maize and potatoes quite in
the shade in his yearly balance-sheet.
The yield of sugar per acre of cane throughout the colony, although in some favoured cases it has reached as
high as four tons to the acre, has averaged as follows:-In 1869 the return was 1 ton to the acre; in 1870 it
was 1 ton to the acre; in 1871 it was 14 ton to the acre; in 1872 it was the same; and in 1873 it considerably
exceeded a ton and a half to the acre through the colony. We are just beginning to have sugar for export,
and shall soon be able to pay Adelaide for her flour in something more satisfactory to ourselves than bank
drafts; and as with South Australia so with other places in which the balance of trade is at present decidedly
against us. As before stated, in farming statistics, the operations are carried on near the coast, as the rainfall
decreases as we go westward. Thus at Brisbane, 10 miles from the sea, it is 52 inches per annum; at
Warwick, 90 miles from the sea, it is 32 inches per annum; and at Springsure, 160 miles from the sea, only
25 inches.
It is noticeable in connexion with this industry, and indeed with farming generally, that those engaged in it
take a living interest in their business. In no country that we know of is information furnished more freely
than by the farming classes of Queensland.

DIVISIONS XIII. AND XIV.-PASTORAL.
V
Photographs 125 to 136 and from 136A to 136K illustrate various phases of pastoral life in Queensland.
Nos. 125 and 128.-Here we have a typical view of an Australian squatter's homestead. This is the kind
of home formed by men who when once they have enjoyed the freedom and health-giving qualities of the
occupation to which their lives are devoted, rarely return to the restraints of civilisation with pleasure, or
without a continual longing to return to their Australian homes.
Nos. 126 and 127 show one of the principal means by which the wool is brought down from the stations to
the coast for shipment. The bullock drivers are camped for their mid-day meal, and the beasts are turned out
to rest for a short time from that pulling and hauling which is the normal condition of their existence.
Hundreds of men find profitable occupations as teamsters on the road to supply the miners and settlers with
stores, returning to the coast with collected produce. guy dair fo
No. 129 is a picture of a pioneer squatter's homestead. This, as may be supposed, is generally rather rough


TAVOLIOS -- RO17 QUEENSLAND.TZI: AUSAGAJI
363
and built of the inevitable slabs and bark which the timber of the country everywhere affords in abundance,
except on the great prairies of the West.
No. 130 is a wool shed on the Darling Downs, and under cover of such a building something more than a
million sheep are annually shorn on these downs alone.
No. 131 is a view of Westbrook Station, on the Darling Downs, one of the earliest formed in that district.
Nos. 132 and 133 are also views of station homesteads of the rougher description, such as are erected by the
pioneer squatter.
No. 134. Sheep washing.
No. 135. Cattle branding.
..:
DIVISION XIV.-PASTORAL.
This division is also devoted to the illustration of the pastoral districts of the colony, and is represented by
photographs running from No. 136A to 136м. Nos. 136A and 136в illustrate the usual mode adopted by
holders of stations of delivering their wool at the port, and carting the stores to their stations. Although
horse teams have latterly been very much in use, bullock teams are still found to be the most generally suitable
for rough bush roads.
No. 136c depicts the tailing of cattle after a muster has been made on the stations by stock men.
No. 136D is a characteristic view of "coast country " in the neighbourhood of Maryborough.
No. 136€ is a view of a portion of the "Peak Downs" with the Peak Range in the distance. The discovery
of this fine volcanic district was first made by the explorer Leichhardt, and no terms of admiration seemed to
be too great, in expressing his ideas of it, as a magnificent pastoral district if sufficient water supply could be
obtained.
Wells and dams have supplied this natural want, and now nearly a million sheep are depastured on the Peak
Downs proper.
Nos. 136F, G, H, I, are devoted to the illustration of the various descriptions of country which can be selected.
either as first-class pastoral at 10s. per acre, or second-class pastoral at 5s. per acre over certain districts of the
colony payment by equal instalments spread over 10 years.
In the table cases under Divisions 13 and 14 samples of some of the principal brands of wool produced
in the colony are exhibited.


Pastoral Statistics.
The great pastoral or "squatting" interest has the merit of having steered Queensland in safety through her
early primeval struggles towards the goal of her present prosperous existence, and it is still, though now
becoming ably rivalled by the mineral interest, and (now that the article of sugar has entered the field) by the
agricultural and manufacturing ones also, the leading industry of the colony. The introduction of the paddock
system has, however, in many places reduced the number of hands, and the field for the employment of labour,
but as no machinery for shearing sheep, driving bullocks, &c. has yet been patented, the squatting interest still
continues to circulate much money in the colony. The number of horned cattle in Queensland at the close of
1872 was 1,200,992, and at the end of 1873 the muster had increased to 1,343,093, showing an augmentation
of 142,101 for the year, or nearly 12 per cent., and if we take the same rate of increment to obtain for the
year 1874, it would give us on the 1st January 1875 something over a million and a half of horned cattle in the
colony at that date.
With respect to the sheep, the close of 1872 saw 6,687,907 of them in Queensland, and by the end of 1873
that number had increased to 7,268,946, showing a gain of nearly 9 per cent. for the year, which rate, if taken
to represent the accession of numbers for the year 1874, would bring us up to nearly 8,000,000 of sheep in the
colony of Queensland on the 1st January 1875. The stock in our territory is on the whole very healthy and
free from disease. Great mistakes were made at one time in stocking the far north country with sheep. They
did not thrive there, and had all to be replaced with cattle, which do well up to the very Cape York itself. The
number of horses in the colony at the close of 1873 was 99,243, an increase of about 7 per cent. on the

364
COLONIAL SECTION.
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.
preceding year; and the pigs increased from 35,732 to 42,884 in 1873. With respect to the income derivable
from these vast pastoral resources, the exports of live stock borderwise for 1873 were-
265 horses, valued at
31,113 cattle,
£2,385
179,090
>>
510,284 sheep,
205,238
Exported
borderwise.
Making a total value of £386,713
Add to this-
Hides
£72,941
Tallow
Wool
Preserved meats
50,809
1,374,526
62,085
Exported
seaward.
And we have a total of £1,947,074
in exports derived from pastoral sources; and even this does not include the meat, hides, leather, &c., used
for home consumption; these and sugar being some of the few items for which Queensland is not dependent on
extraneous aid, as she is for clothing, breadstuffs, &c. On the vast array of storekeepers, agents, drovers, and
banks, who thrive and fatten on all this teeming produce, we need not here enlarge. Suffice it that squatting
still continues to be the leading industry of the colony, though of late years it naturally enough has not
continued to grow with the same rapid strides which have marked the other and younger branches of our
productive wealth.
The wool, in lbs., exported in 1873, was 19,763,113 lbs. The wool exported in 1874 was 20,859,346 lbs.
of the value of 1,420,8817. The gross exports for 1874 were of the value of 3,750,0487., which, reckoning
population at 160,000, is 237. 10s. per head per annum, unrivalled in the world. The above are official returns.

DIVISION XV.
Is devoted to the illustration of Queensland towns and villages. The numbers of the photographs run from
137 to 144 and include views of Somerset, Rockhampton, Townsville, Cardwell, Gladstone, and Maryborough.
DIVISION XVI.
Is also devoted to the illustration of Queensland Towns.
The numbers of the photographs run from 145 to 154 and include views of Maryborough, Brisbane, Ipswich,
Toowoomba.
A short description of the rise and progress of some of these towns is taken from the "Queenslander."


Rise and Progress of Brisbane.
Brisbane, the metropolis of Queensland, occupies a fine hilly, bold site on the banks of the river of same
name, which is here about 1,000 feet wide. It is neither the prettiest nor yet the ugliest capital in Australia;
it lacks the noble harbour of Sydney, and the snow-capped background of Hobart Town; but still it has its
distinguishing advantage, for none of the sister cities command anything approaching such a sweep of really
grand view in every direction as Brisbane does, and extending 160 miles from north to south, and 100 from
east to west-an area nearly equal to all Tasmania. On the south are visible Mount Lindsay, nearly
100 miles ride from Brisbane; also the great rainy M'Pherson's Range, a wall at right angles to the coast,
and nearly 6,000 feet high in places; while, on the north, the eye commands the Kilcoy and other ranges
which shed the distant head waters of the Mary and the Burnett rivers on their northern slopes. To the west,
the dim blue peaks of the Main Range, serrated by
away, and mark the site of Darling Downs; while, to
while, to the east, the sea view is shut in by the cypress pine
hills and sandy cliffs of Moreton and Stradbroke islands, thirty miles away. Brisbane is built on a cape of land
formed by a bend of the river, the said cape pointing to the south-east. On the north-east and south-west of
formed by a bend of the the said ca
and th gaps of Koreelah and other passes, loom 70 miles


QUEENSLAND.
365
Brisbane is the river, 1,000 feet wide; on the south-east of the city lie the Botanical Gardens, and on the
north-west rise the Windmill Hill and Wickham Terrace Reserves, so there are fresh air and "lungs” in
plenty all round the pretty metropolis of Queensland. And speaking of fresh air we are reminded of fresh
water, with which no city in the world is better supplied in proportion to its population than Brisbane is.
About seven miles back from town, and at an elevation of 240 feet above the tidal river level, the waters of
Enoggera Creek are dammed back to form a lake of about 200 acres in extent, and 40 feet in depth, and
creating a water supply which, for volume and pressure, surpasses that of Sydney, with six times the popu-
lation of Brisbane. The reservoir is thus constantly fed by the waters of a pure mountain stream which rises
in broken granitic country that surpasses in unfrequented wildness and difficulty of access even the loftier
ranges
of the tin country, and so fortunately guarantees a continued freedom from any impurity.
villas-commanding extensive and picturesque views of mountain, sea, river, garden, farm, and forest, in
every shade of pleasing tint and sharp outline, under the clear sky of Australia-are found on all the surburban
roads. The present population is about 25,000..
Rise and Progress of Ipswich.
Beautiful

This town, formerly called "Limestone," from its geological formation, was established as a branch penal
station in connexion with Brisbane, at the same time as the latter was, and being at the head of river naviga-
tion, and the spot where the steamers and bullock drays met and exchanged their respective loading, such as
wool for station supplies, in the old days before railways were thought of, Ipswich soon became a thriving place
after the settlement of Darling Downs, and contained at one time no less than 30 "hotels;" and the boiling
down of stock added still more to the bustle of its daily life. So great indeed were its vitality and growth, and
the energy of its inhabitants, removed as they were from the enervating influence of the sea air, that at the
time of Separation, its population and electoral roll being about equal to those of Brisbane, it disputed the right
of the latter place to be declared the seat of Government of the new colony. Since that time, however,
Ipswich has, owing to the advent of railways, and the cessation of boiling down of stock, and other causes,
not progressed so rapidly as in the first few years of its existence. It is a neat, clean town, with some four or
five thousand inhabitants, a creditable volunteer force, numerous branch banks, Government offices, and
depends at present for its support on the magnificent agricultural district by which it is surrounded. The
abundance of coal in its immediate vicinity gives promise of its being the seat of manufacturing industry in the
future, and there seems little doubt about its becoming ultimately a large and populous town. Its present.
population is about 6,000.
Rise and Progress of Toowoomba.
This township was once the site of a grassy camping ground for the Darling Downs bullock teams in olden
times; and, it being a well-watered open dell near the edge of the Main Range, and some 2,000 feet above the
sea level, teams used to rest here both before making the descent and after accomplishing the ascent of the
Corderilla, especially as the grass was splendid, the soil a dark red, and the open timber of gigantic stringy
bark and green wattle, rich in gum and bloom, bespoke a wholesome, pleasant country to dwell in. Two large
swampy "sponges," separated from each other by a ridge, gradually converge, and unite to form the head of
Gowrie Creek. This place, known once as "Drayton Swamp,-in honour of the ancient healthy and now
almost obsolete township of Drayton, of 1843-1857-is now the leading township of Darling Downs. It had
in 1854 but one house on it; in 1857 it was still inferior to Drayton; but by 1859 it had asserted itself, and
the parent township had to take a secondary position. Since that time Toowoomba, nourished by the trade
arising from pastoral and agricultural sources alike, and with some hope of minerals too looming in the future
has continued to go ahead, its only check having been during 1866 and the following years. Its public
buildings, stores, streets, shops, churches, chapels, and volunteer corps (captained by Sydney Smith, a Crimean
officer), all denote substantial prosperity and genuine public spirit, and a healthier, pleasanter, "pluckier
township does not exist in Queensland. It enjoys railway
It enjoys railway communication with Brisbane, Ipswich, Warwick,
and Dalby, the two latter lines converging at Toowoomba. A powerful well-organised agricultural and


366
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.—COLONIAL SECTION.
pastoral society holds its useful periodical show meetings here, and the mountain air, keen breeze, rich pastorage.
and the grand wine and wheat country around this favoured spot of earth, all help to impart a vigour to its
denizens and doings which is thoroughly English in character, and the cheeks of the people are quite as rosy as
their apples, which is, indeed, saying a great deal. The mean temperature is 62°, which is considered by
physicians to be the happy medium furthest removed from undue heat and cold alike, and the one most suited
to the human constitution. Its present population is about 4,000.
Rise and Progress of Warwick.
Warwick is situated on the southern part of Darling Downs, on the banks of the Condamine River, a gravelly
dry site, and a very English-looking place altogether. There are fine farms and vineyards all round it, and
the splendid pastoral properties which are close at hand, as well as the tin mines only fifty miles away from
its railway station, give Warwick a comfortable status amongst the Queensland towns. Its present population
is about 3,000.
Maryborough
Is a municipal township on the River Mary 60 miles from its mouth, about 180 miles north of Brisbane.
It is the port of shipment for the greater portion of the Wide Bay and Burnett district, and is in the centre
of a large agricultural population settled on the banks of the Mary River, both above and below the town.
It will be seen from the panoramic view of the town exhibited in Division XV. that there is still plenty of
room for the erection of buildings even in some of the main streets.
That these gaps will soon be filled up, however, there can be little doubt, since it is one of the soundest
business towns in the colony, and has a large and increasing trade, from the mining, agricultural, and pastoral
district of which it is the port.
The present population of the municipality is about 5,000, of the suburbs and the agricultural settlements
in the neighbourhood about 4,000 more.
Rise and Progress of Rockhampton.
This town did not exist in 1857; when the announcement at the Surveyor-General's office in Sydney (by a
Brisbane gentleman visiting there,) of the fact that there existed in Keppell Bay a navigable river called the
Fitzroy, as wide and as deep as the Thames, caused a surveyor to be sent up and a township to be laid out at
once, about 45 miles from the river mouth, and just below a reef of rocks which barred all further navigation
upward for large vessels. The streets were judiciously planned, like those of Melbourne, two chains wide, and
and Rockhampton is consequently a well-built and fine-looking town, and being the focus and shipping port of
a vast rich mineral and pastoral belt of country on the Dawson, Mackenzie, Isaac, Comet, and other rivers, as
well as of the Peak Downs country, it possesses a great trade, and will in time, when railways pierce the
interior become a place of very considerable importance. The Athelstan Range, at the south of the town, rises
to the height of about 150 feet, and on
and on it are situated the suburban residences of the leading townspeople.
Water is supplied from the Yeppen Yeppen and Crescent Lagoons, and there is steam communication with
Yaamba, some distance further up the river,
Mount Berserker affords a rich field of research to the botanist and geologist. In fact, Rockhampton is the
centre of a rich gold and copper district, and minerals are found in nearly every direction you can travel from
it. The present population is about 5,500.

Rise and Progress of Gympie.
A wild and unfrequented spot on the banks of the Upper Mary River, and one of little use for pastoral pur-
poses, and so, consequently, seldom traversed, was suddenly, towards the close of the year 1867, awakened to
brisk life by the discovery, at the hands of a man named Nash, of a rich deposit of alluvial gold containing
some 17,0007. worth of dust. He took it up very quietly, and sold some of it in Brisbane as "Cape River"
gold; but the secret oozed out at last, and Gympie Creek was worked for alluvial digging. Strange and
wonderful adventures befel the few citizens of Brisbane who essayed the perils by flood and field of an overland
that

QUEENSLAND.
367
trip to that unexplored country (supposed in olden days to consist of mahogany swamps and sour grass ranges)
which lay between the metropolis and the golden creek (for the Moololah, Maroochydore, and other rivers with
rich soil banks were unknown to fame then). By and by, however, the alluvial was found to be a shallow myth,
and rich reefs of quartz and calcspar traversing a greenstone or diorite rock were found to contain fabulous
wealth in gold, and the New Zealand, Lady Mary, Smithfield, Monkland, Caledonia, and other famous reefs.
began to send forth their splendid specimens to astonish the metropolitans, and the machine crushings soon
placed Gympie at the head of the world in the return of gold per ton of quartz; magnificent and unrivalled
the
average of nearly 2 ounces to the ton having been maintained on this field up to the end of 1870. The road
to Brisbane was put in order, and Cobb and Co. began to appear on the scene.
A well-conducted newspaper
soon graced the new township, and Gympie from 1868 to the present time has continued to be one of the "great
facts" of Queensland. Like other large quartz-crushing centres of industry, it has been afflicted with one
drawback, and that is in the manner in which all the luck seems to flow into few hands, who became inordi-
nately rich, and all the rest of the people correspondingly poor. This is the case at Gympie, where many a
man, who never would have owned 100%. anywhere else in the world by his own exertions or brains, has found
the gold grow, as it were, wherever he went to dig. Some of the early crushings at Gympie were wonderful;
there was really more gold than quartz in some of the veins, even in mere bulk, and the machine had to be
stopped sometimes, as the soft, malleable, ductile metal remained immovable and insensible under the stampers.
to the action of the water, clogging like so much "toffy" or cobbler's wax, and so had to be cleared away
before the steel hammers could be effectually brought to bear on the ordinary quartz. Gympie continues to
flourish, and presents as fine an opening for capital as any gold field in the world. The present population of
Gympie and its suburbs is about 6,000.
Rise and Progress of Townsville.
That "trade makes the port," and not the port trade, cannot be better exemplified than in the case of
Townsville.
This port is situated in latitude 19° 10' south and 146° 58′ E. longitude, and is only about 80 miles from the
town of Bowen, which enjoys one of the finest harbours in Australia, whilst every facility can be given to the
shipment of produce; yet Bowen has suffered a continued decadence since the formation of Townsville, the
progress of the latter, (with not a tithe of its facilities for trade as far as the port is concerned,) having been
continuous, as the following comparison of exports and imports, between 1865 and 1875 will show :-
Port of Cleveland Bay. 1865, imports 570l., exports 8,1457., customs receipts 1127. 15s. 4d.; half-year
ending 30th June 1875, imports 67, 1167., exports 168,8857., customs receipts 17,4117. 5s. 8d.
The agricultural resources of Townsville, and the immediate district around it, are not great; but
great; but extensive
and permanent gold fields, and a vast area of pastoral country, for which it forms the natural port, have
combined to raise it into importance.
These gold fields are Star River, Ravenswood, Charters Towers, Cloncurry, Gilbert and Etheridge.
The copper mines principally awaiting the pushing out of a railway from Townsville westward before
development, are situated on Star River, and Copperfield River.
The amount of gold exported from the port of Townsville is as follows, and there can be little doubt that
the mineral wealth of the district, for which Townsville is the port, is as yet only developed to a very small
extent, and will be greatly increased in the future. Its population is about 1,800.
Total of gold exported since its discovery in 1866 to June 30th, 1875, 569,818 ounces; value 1,990,6107.
Although situated well within the tropics, the heat to be naturally expected at Townsville is tempered by
the influence of the south-east trade winds, and with properly constructed residences, and attention to keeping
them cool, there seems no reason why the inhabitants should not enjoy as good health as those who reside in
Brisbane or Maryborough,
suld


368
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
Cardwell, its Rise and Progress.
In Rockingham Bay, some 90 miles to the north of Townsville, is the pretty little town of Cardwell. The
bay which it faces is one of the most beautiful, as well as the finest harbour in Northern Queensland. Its
picturesque situation at the foot of the loftiest mountains of the coast range, its elegant public buildings, and
tropical scenery, render it a study for the painter. The difficulty of overcoming the coast range has hitherto
presented an obstacle, not altogether insuperable, to its rapid progress; but this drawback, it is confidently
expected, will shortly be overcome, as an accessible road has lately been discovered over the range. Its
population, including that of the neighbourhood, is estimated at about 300. The gold escort from the
Etheridge has its head-quarters here. The surrounding districts are pastoral principally, and large numbers
of sheep and cattle are reared on its rich pastoral lands. Tropical fruits grow here in wild luxuriance. It is
from this port that the squatters and Herbert River planters draw a large proportion of their supplies. A
jetty, 2,000 feet long, extends into the bay. Cardwell contains a court-house, two hotels, two stores, a
national school, a branch of the Bank of New South Wales, a telegraph office, a post office, and a dugong oil
factory.
Should the Palmer River diggings approach Cardwell as closely as they at present promise to do, a great
future is yet in store for this lovely town. A peculiarity of Cardwell is the springs of fresh water which are
constantly running on the beach, even below high-water mark. A pilot, pilot cutter, and crew are stationed
here. The steamers of the Eastern and Australian Company call here.
A
Cooktown.
A newly proclaimed mining township situated on the northern bank of the Endeavour River about 1,050
miles N.W. of Brisbane.
Though the town has been born in a day, it will most likely take its place as one of the most important
centres of the colony, should the yield of gold continue from the Palmer River district for which it forms the
port.
Already a large population has settled at Cooktown, and as the available sites for building are limited, it is
likely that such sites will become very valuable.
Is a
Somerset

a small township situated at Cape York 1,550 miles N.W. of Brisbane.
It is a harbour of refuge and a place of call for the vessels engaged in the Bechè le mer and pearl shell
fishery of Torres Straits, which is now employing a large fleet of ships.
At the present time there are fifty large boats engaged in the fishery.
As an instance of the profitable nature of this trade, it may be mentioned that a vessel made in one season
no less a sum than 6,0007.
DIVISIONS XVII. AND XVIII.
Are devoted to miscellaneous subjects, photographs of public buildings, views on the railway lines of the
colony, &c., and in the table cases are grouped,-miscellaneous products and manufactures.
A few statistics of a miscellaneous character selected from "Queenslander," will also be here introduced.

Climate of Queensland.
On this subject we must needs have a "chequered tale to tell," in traversing 19 degrees of latitude. One
thing, however, is certain and universal, and that is, that there is a most decided and palpable yearly winter
met with in every part of the great colony. First, we have the winter of Scotland, which obtains amongst
the huge Aberdeen cairngorms, blue topazes, and smoky quartz crystals which head the gullies in the tin-

APENGANTE
QUEENSLAND.
s
369
bearing mountains of Stanthorpe. Then we have the winter of Southern Queensland, which ranges inter-
mediate în mean temperature between those of Madeira and Bermuda, and is most grateful to all lungs wearied
vaud, and is
of battle with the gales of New Zealand and Bass' Straits; calm, clear, equable, pure. No weather ever seen
in England can recall it. A linen suit does not feel too cold to wear, nor a monkey-jacket too warm; the one
feels just like the other to a new arrival in this elysium of an atmosphere. Back, however, from the sea and
its equalising influences, the wintry cold, especially on the table lands of Darling Downs and the Burnett,
ranges from 15° to 35° on the nights of June, July, and August, and no matter how far north or west you
may go, the winter cold, either from its own actual thermometrical register or from its contrast with summer
heats, is very marked and much felt, and enjoyed or dreaded, as the case may be, according to the constitution.
and habits of the individual who experiences it. Thus in June, at Brisbane (the metropolis of the colony),
the midday is that of a London June, while the midnight is that of a London February, owing to clear skies
and rapid radiation of heat from the earth; hence arises much rheumatism to those who neglect to change
their attire at nightfall. Strange to say, however, some people lose all their previous tendency to rheumatism
by a visit to the climate of Brisbane, whose mean temperature is that of Madeira, 68°. Rockhampton is the
same as that of Algiers, and Stanthorpe the same as London is, the resemblance being carried out month by
month, except that spring comes on six weeks or so earlier in Australia. In Northern Queensland, which is
within the monsoon's influence, there are, of course, the wet and dry seasons yearly, almost without inter-
ruption; while in the southern parts of the colony the periods of flood and unusual wet are farther apart. The
prevailing winds in Southern Queensland are, north-east, from the sea, in summer, and south-west, over the
land, in winter; the former being full of ozone and life, the latter, though bracing, is arid and irritating to
delicate bronchials, unless in those cases where dryness is the object sought, and then Queensland is the very
place of all others. Further north, the south-east trade wind acts as the ordinary sea breeze, and finds its
southern limit at the tropic of Capricorn, as a rule; below which the sea breezes blow from the north-east
quarter. The great feature, after all, of tropical Queensland and its climate is that it is the only country in the
world, lying in the torrid zone, which is destitute of snowy ranges to feed rivers and make an artificial sana-
torium (if we may so call it). South America, Africa, Asia, and even the Islands of Polynesia and the
Malayan Archipelago, can show mountains carrying perpetual snow, affording in all cases a change of climate,
and in many cases a means of inland navigation, which Queensland is altogether destitute of.
me as
The only considerable mountains, apart from the Cordillera, are Mount Lindsay, on the south boundary
(this is a wall-sided peak of some 5,700 feet, now inaccessible ever since a bush fire destroyed the vine ropes
by which it used to be scaled); Mount Barney, a noble, graceful double peak, of 5,000 feet, near the
Richmond River; and the famous Bellender Ker Mountain, which lies in the latitude of Tahiti, and looks out
on the coral-broken waves of the Great Barrier reef from a height of 5,300 feet, and is clothed with thickets of
wild bamboo, which hide many an ambushed precipice, within arm's length almost of the unsuspected climber,
on its steep but richly-covered sides. The Main Range (as the Cordillera is called) averages 4,500 feet in its
peaks and summits, and 2,000 feet in its gaps and passes. Snow is unknown in Queensland, except at the
Stanthorpe Highlands, and very rarely falls even there. The mountains of Queensland, therefore, except in
their influence on the rainfall, are of little importance to her.
Eastern Queensland is an excellently watered country, almost every valley containing its deep pools of this
vital necessary, and all beautified by the superb pale blue water-lillies and immense floating leaves of the
Nymphæa gigantea, the loveliest water plant in the world.
Of the soil of Queensland it will be easier to judge by looking at the samples in the cases in Division No. 1
to 9 than any description; and in conclusion we would point to the vital question of water storage on a vast
scale, and at high levels, which will yet have to be effected before Queensland will fulfil her destiny, and make
flood years atone for drought years, as they are meant to do.
36714.
A A

370
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION,--COLONIAL SECTION.
Population and Vital Statistics. aqpuntuak An anticon autran
It is generally (but erroneously) supposed by many who reside out of Queensland, that its death-rate per
thousand must be high every year as compared with those of other communities, and considering the risks to
human life in a newly-settled country, where the natives on the frontiers are savage, where the rivers are
mostly unbridged, and all the hazards inseparable from a bush life must be encountered in their full force, and
this, too, in addition to the extreme heat of the climate-when we consider all these, the opinion formed by
outsiders of Queensland in this respect, erroneous as it may be, is nothing more than natural after all; yet, on
referring to the Registrar-General's official report, laid before Parliament, of deaths for the seven years exten-
ding from 1867 to 1873 inclusive (returns for 1874 are not yet made up), we find the average annual deaths
per thousand to be 16 39, a result which will compare favourably with that of any country in the world, the
more especially so when we take into consideration the latitude of Queensland, the number of new arrivals and
consumptive persons who land in bad health, and the numerous resident South Sea Islanders, who generally
refuse physic, and die, when ill. In short, when we have regard to the varied dangers to which people in a
new country are exposed, the healthiness of the colony is little less than wonderful, and would be quite
incredible if the evidence of it were not derived from official and reliable sources.
The deaths for the seven years named were respectively as follows:-
17·80 per thousand people.
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
17.36
19.21
14.59
14.83
14.97
22
16.00
>>
7)114.76
Average - 16 39 per thousand people.

The veritable true winter which prevails as far up as the latitudes 12° and 15° south, where the thermometer
at sunrise in June, July, and August, even near the sea and at little above its level, goes down to 45°, is
sufficient to account (at all events in part) for this exceptional salubrity, for considering the latitude, no such
low temperatures are ever being met with so near the equator in any other part of the world, either north or
south of the line, or in any portion, whether insular or continental.
Diseases yield readily to treatment, too, for of 2,658 cases treated in the various hospitals of Queensland,
during the year 1873, only 208 deaths were recorded, thus showing 93 per cent. of cures, and at the various
gaols, in 756 cases of sickness only five resulted in death, showing a percentage of 99-3 of recoveries. These
returns are from the Registrar-General's report laid before Parliament, and prove conclusively either that the
climate must be healthy, or else the doctors very skilful (one or the other, or possibly both) beyond a doubt.
Taking the population of Queensland, at the close of 1873, at 146,690 souls, and allowing the past average
yearly increment by births and immigration, it would bring the population, on July 1st 1875, to as nearly as
possible 168,700 people, exclusive of Chinese on the Palmer river; the average increase to the population, from
all causes, during the last 10 years having been steadily kept up to 8 per cent. per annum. There are fully
15,000 white men, miners, at the gold fields, and about 6,000 Chinese. There are also some 2,000 Polynesians
resident in Queensland, as more than half of those who arrive remain permanently in the colony. Taking the
year 1873 for an example, we find 5,097 arrivals from Great Britain, against 78 departures; 2,502 arrivals
from Germany, and no departures; 6,291 arrivals from other colonies, as against 5,090 departures; and 1,023

CRODENTS - TAMOOD - QUEENSLAND. AKYAZI ABIPT
371
arrivals from the South Sea Islands, against only 288 departures. The births in Queensland for 1873, in a
population of 146,690, were 5,720, or nearly 40 per thousand, against 2,250 (or 16 per thousand) of deaths.
The following table shows the official return of population in Queensland from 1860 to 1873 (inclusive) at
the close of each year :-
1860
1861
1862
1
1863
1864
1865
1866
99,849
28,056
1867
34,367
1868
107,427
45,077
1869
besten 109,8974
61,640
1870xbony 1.
16115,56700
74,036
1871
125,146
87,804
Jul 1872
Codland and 133,353
I
96,201
Bian 1873
9146,690
h
To conclude this notice we may briefly observe that the average yearly births for 14 years are 43 5 per
thousand of the population; the average yearly marriages are 10 6 per thousand of the population; or 21 2
people per thousand get married yearly; and the average yearly deaths per thousand for seven years are 16 39.
These results we can fearlessly place by the side of those of most other places and colonies in the world, with
every confidence that we shall not suffer by the comparison, taking all collateral matters into due consideration.
Revenue and Expenditure.
As the population of the great colony of Queensland was once very small, so were its revenues and
expenses then very modest. In 1846, 13 years before Separation, it contained only 2,257 people, chiefly con-
victs, in all its length and breadth; in 1851 but 8,575 people were counted. Since 1856, its separate existence
commenced, and its census will be found elsewhere. It is of the revenue and expenditure we would now speak,
and (omitting loans and their disbursement) it stood as follows from 1859 to 1870, and inclusive of land-orders :-
***Expenditure. 1) jednoqas of azurituli
£ S. d.
8,689 10.7
180,103 9 0
255,180 4 7
boiedeni
inaq labrisque)
pribor 20 opin
bil doitoabeng sade
For desorpt
7-108
1859 (three weeks)
1860
1861
Revenue.bna
£ S. d.
6,475 17 8
178,589 8 5
238,238 9 1
1862
1863
1864
1865
>>
1866
1867
abol hadium an 1868
295,286 8
295,215 5 7
di bar 369,425 6
25 6 3
631,431 17 11
592,968 10 10
669,041 8 3
korea-2780,117 6 4
nagkak772,858 8 9
- 1787,100 2 6
317,026 10 3
355,791 14 1
439,034 18 6
617,996 8 8 1
Zomb
594,130 0 1
Jalurid, nigrykkää 1869
1870
719,976 11
797,470 0 7 Jumalikqih zali vel
770,796 13 81 જેમાં HD
768,948 9 10
768,948 9 10 read a bus maze)
The gross revenue for 1873 was 1,124, 1077. 128. 3d., and the expenditure for the same year, 956,7071. 2s. 10d.,
showing a very satisfactory state of progress as compared with its population, products, &c., as well as in the
habit, too long neglected, of keeping expenditure within the bounds of revenue. The three great items of
revenue ein Queensland are customs, land revenue, and railway receipts; the first item furnished
480,9137. Os. 4d. in 1873; the second one yielded 340,0837. 2s. 6d. ; and the third amounted to 107,2707. 3s. 10d.
The excise and license sources of income are on the increase, so is the postage one.
In the expenditure department, the Colonial Secretary heads the list with an outlay of 228,9241. 7s. 7d.;
the Secretary for Works coming next, with 161,2037. 8s. 7d.; the Postmaster-General and Colonial Treasurer
following in order, with 83,1097. 12s. 8d. and 74,560l. 15s. 7d. respectively. From the returns made it will
A A 2

372
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
The receipts from postage
be seen that as the receipts from postage only come to 25,4137. 17s. 5d., and those from the Electric Telegraph
Department, 22,1317. 14s. 8d., the Postal Service still costs the colony nearly 40,000l. per annum, which is
after all very moderate, considering its vast area, and the immense convenience afforded to business operations
in all departments of mercantile, mining, shipping, and pastoral enterprise.
Imports and Exports.
That Queensland has little need to be ashamed of her position with respect to her contributions to the
general stock of the world's industrial products, is shown by her splendid list of exports, which now compares
nobly with her imports. In 1863, New South Wales exported 157. 17s. per head of population; Victoria,
177. 12s. 6d. per head; South Australia, 157. per head; and Queensland, 177. 9s. 2d. per head. In 11 years
from this time, Queensland (which has been gradually drawing to the front, and has held the leading place for
three or four years past) became able to export nearly 241. per head per annum.
In the four years, 1867-1870 inclusive, Queensland stood as follows with respect to imports and exports :-
1867
1868
1869
1870
Imports.
- £1,747,735
Exports.
£1,989,600
1,899,119
2,107,437
1,804,578
2,166,806
1,577,339
2,533,732
Thus swelling the balance of trade in her own favour in four years from a little over 200,000l. to nearly a
million, and gaining the foremost place in exporting power per head of population over all the other
colonies in Australia, and (we believe) over all the other countries in the world.
In 1873 the gross imports were 2,885,4991., and the gross exports amounted to 3,542,5137.; and when, in
1874, we come to add about half-a-million extra from the Palmer Gold Field to the ordinary yearly percentage
of increase in exports, the position of our colony in this branch of her statistical annals is still more favourably
illustrated.
Commercial panics and fluctuations of trade must all fall lightly upon a community with such a vital
vigorous producing power. There terrors are reserved for those countries were there is more paper money
than production floating about, and where the imports exceed the weekly item of exports. In four years, as
we quoted, viz., 1867-70, while the population only increased 15 per cent., the exports grew by 25 per cent.
It was then that we began to take our place in the foremost rank of the producers in the world, a
mites and most Palme e Gold Field, we still continue to
position which, thanks to the discovery of the ti
mines and the Palmer Gold Field, we still continue to

maintain.p
Natural History of Queensland.
In this department, Queensland, though strictly Australian in nearly every type, yet differs somewhat from
her southern sisters. It is not our province here to enlarge fully on the field which Krefft, Diggles, Gould,
Coxen, and others have made their valued researches in ; but we will endeavour merely to touch on those
points where Queensland varies from the other colonies.
The alligator (so called), 25 feet long, 3 tons in weight, and with holes in the upper jaw, through which the
two great teeth of the lower jaw protrude (and form a fatal "clench" indeed), is abundant in the Burdekin
and other northern streams. This reptile is a speciality of Queensland. Its sight is not keen, but its
hearing is very acute, and so it exaggerates all noise, and it is, consequently, easily terrified by splashing
or shouting, &c.
The rifle bird of Cape York, with its black purple velvet plumage, and gold-green markings, is the hand-
somest bird of its class in Australia. The golden oriole of Queensland is far more beautiful than the
duller plumaged ones of Manilla and China are; and although we have no parrots that can vie with the

We do QUEENSLAND.
373
immense and multi-coloured macaws of Guiana, and no bird of any class, perhaps, that could compete for beauty
with the calurus resplendens of Guatemala, or the Impeyan pheasant, still our small ground parrot and some.
of our doves and cockatoos are very elegant. We are unable to state whether our wide-winged eagle is identical
with the species which carries off lambs on the Lower Murray; but we have some formidable owls, a cassowary,
and a tiger-cat of fair size. Our snakes differ little from those down south; and the death-adder, with its flat
belly, triangular back, and mercifully repulsive shape, does duty for tic polonga, cobra, and rattlesnake, in
Northern as in Southern Australia. Our pythons are somewhat larger than those of the south, and so are our
butterflies and moths; amongst the former the ornithoptera and papiliones are conspicuous for size and beauty.
The lyconeda and uranidæ scarcely less so. In the quality of its fish, Queensland is behind the southern
colonies. There is nothing here to approach the matchless "trumpeter " of Hobart Town in flavour, but our.
crabs and prawns can vie in point of size and relish with any known ones. Our inferiority in table fish
simply arises from our position in latitude, which spoils fish for English palates all the world over. You cannot
reasonably look for salmon, turbot, and soles in the tropics; but our snipe and wild pigeons, ducks, &c., are as
good as need be wished for anywhere; and of forest game, of the limited Australian repertoire in this line, we
are as well off as any of our sister colonies.
In the body of the Court the exhibits are arranged in four groups, viz., "Mining," "Agricultural,"
"Pastoral," and "Miscellaneous " Products.

Opposite Divisions 10A and 10, the Visitor will find samples in bulk of the principal
MINING PRODUCTS, including-
A
Cl. 100.
Gold.
Large Nugget of Gold from Cawarral Diggings. Exhibited
by Queensland Government.
Two other Gold Nuggets.
Government.
Exhibited by Queensland
18 specimens, Auriferous Quartz, Gympie Diggings. Ex-
hibited by Queensland Government.
Gold specimens from Cloncurry Diggings. Exhibited by
Queensland Government.
Auriferous Quartz from Ravenswood Diggings. Exhibited by
Queensland Government.
Auriferous Quartz from Rockhampton Diggings. Exhibited
by Queensland Government.
Nugget of Gold from Diggings near Bowen. Exhibited by
Queensland Government.
Large collection of Auriferous Pyrites from Ravenswood.
Exhibited by Queensland Government.
Copper.
Half ton Smelted Metal (ingots) from Mount Perry Mine.
This mine paid in dividends last year a sum equal to two-thirds
its working capital. Exhibited by Queensland Government.
I Half ton Smelted Pure Metal (ingots) Peak Downs M
Copper to the value of more than 1,000,000l. sterling has been
raised from this mine since it was first opened. Exhibited by
Queensland Government.
One ton Smelted Pure Metal Peak Downs Mine (for sale)
Exhibited by Peak Downs Company.
Copper Ore.
8 cwt. Native Copper. Cloncurry. Exhibited by Captain
Henry; Great Australian Mining Company.
Malachite, Peak Downs Mine. Exhibited by Peak Downs
Mining Company.
Large slab Copper Ore, showing thickness and character of
Normanby Mine; Mount Perry District. Exhibited by
Normanby Mining Company.
Varieties: Copper Ore, Mount Perry Mine. Exhibited by
Mount Perry Mining Company.sraknad
Varieties of Copper Ore from Warroo, 45 miles from Stan-
thorpe. Exhibited by Queensland Government.
Four pieces of Copper Pyrites. Exhibited by Mr. Matthew
Perry.
One piece of White Metal (copper sulphuret). One piece of
Green Carbonate. Exhibited by Mr. Matthew Perry.


Tin
3.
One ingot, Pure Tin, exhibited by J. Harris. Three ingots
Pure Tin, Mount Marlay Smelting Works, Stanthorpe; 1 ton
Pure Tin (Ingots) smelted by Bulimba Tin Smelting Company,
from Stanthorpe Tin Ore. Exhibited by Queensland Govern-
ment.

374
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
oh kau jemains lean Bismuth Ores. Three fitch Cl. 101.
Samples of Native Bismuth and Carbonate of Bismuth from
Exhibited by Queensland
the Cloncurry Mining District.
Government.
Mem
Manganese Ore.
One ton Pure Tin (ingots), smelted by Bulimba Tin Smelting
Company. (For Sale.) Exhibited by Bulimba Smelting
Company.
es and rocks from the tin
Complete Collection of Tin Ores and rocks from the tin
mining district of Stanthorpe. Collected and arranged by
Walter C. Hume, Esq. Government Commissioner for Minerals
Lands, Stanthorpe. Mr. Hume's Report and Map will be
found on the top of this case for reference to the specimens.
Exhibited by W. C. Hume, Esq.
boa mes
Three half ewt. samples of Stream Tin, each coarse, middling
and fine, from Stanthorpe District.
Stanthorpe District. Exhibited by Mount
Marlay and Brisbane Tin Mining Company.
Wash dirt (rich), and Conglomerate, 1 ewt. Exhibited by
Mount Marlay and Brisbane Tin Mining Company. I tol dalil Kaolin and Fire bricks, as used in the smelting works of the
Mount Marlay Company, near Stanthorpe, obtained in that
Twenty-four bottles, Tin Ore, each corresponding to number
district. Exhibited by Mount Marlay Company.
on Map of tin selections, prepared by J. De Fore Tyrell, Esq.
Exhibited by J. De Fore Tyrell, Esq.
Samples of Manganese Ore from near Gladstone; contains
77 per cent. of Per Oxide of Manganese. Exhibited by Queens-
land Government.cl vnd tauneuss ; dvoudila spille: Baad
Plumbago. bang hilligig! #T
Poranna globin Tewt. Plumbago, from mine opened in Stanthorpe District.
Exhibited by Proprietors of Mine.
Thirty-six bottles of Tin Ore, Powder and Assay, 12
varieties from Stanthorpe District. Exhibited by J. De Fore
Tyrell, Esq.
T
Trophy of Tin Ore, indications, &c. Exhibited by D.
Aplin, Esq.
Glass case of Stratified Alluvium in which Tin Ore is found.
Exhibited by Brisbane Tin Mining Company. But
Cl. 101.
Iron Ore.
Chrome Iron Ore, from large lode, near Ipswich. Exhibited
by Proprietors of Mine. Agi
Chrome Iron, 1 cwt.
Exhibited by Mr. Alfred Foote.
Iron Ore, Flagstone Creek, near Ipswich; contains 52 per
cent. Metallic Iron. Exhibited by Proprietors of Mine.
Hæmatite from Pine Mountain, West Moreton District; con-
tains 45 per cent. Metallic Iron. Exhibited by Proprietors of
Mine. N.B.-Iron Ore of all kinds, and in unlimited quantity,
occurs in all parts of Queensland, in greatest abundance in the
older Coal Measures.
Bag of Iron Sand from Stanthorpe, as separated from Tin in
last cleaning process.
@M_vyo'l; tupoll 2x0 mqq50 venitulta?
Antimony Ore. #pulada przIjan!
Block of Antimony Ore, from lode on St. John's Creek, in
the Burnett Districts.. Exhibited by Proprietors of Mine.
N.B.-Lithographed copies of the Report of Carl Staiger,
Esq., Government Geologist, are placed for reference near this
specimen.
2 cwt. of Antimony Ore from St. John's Creek. Exhibited
by A. C. Gregory.
Half ton Star Regulus of Antimony, prepared from Ore from
St. John's Creek, Exhibited by A. C. Gregory.
Cinnabar.
Mercury Ores.
From Kilkivan, about 50 miles from Mary-
borough. Exhibited by Proprietors of Mine.
Building Stone.es en lo low ante
From Brisbane and Warwick, Exhibited by Queensland
Government.
Coal.
Sample of Coal from Aberdare Mine, which is situated five
miles fro
from Ipswich. Exhibited by Proprietors of Mine.
Sample of Coal from Tivoli Mine, situated two miles from
Ipswich. Exhibited by Proprietors of Mine.
Sample of Coal from Allora Mine, situated about 1 mile west
of Allora. Exhibited by Proprietors of Mine.
Sample of Coal from Flagstone Creek Mine. Exhibited by
Proprietors of Mine.
Sample of Coal from Rosewood Mine. Exhibited by Pro-
prietors of Mine.
Sample of Coal from Blackfellows Creek, near Gatton. Ex-
hibited by Proprietors of Mine.
Sample of Coal from Bingera Mine.
of
prietors of Mine.



Exhibited by Pro-
1 Block Coal. Exhibited by Bland and Wright, Perseverance
Mine, Ipswich.
Samples of Coal from Ipswich; three Collections, Coke pre-
with collection of Fossils. Exhibited by
pared from same, with
Queensland Government.
Samples of Coal, Fossils, Kaolin, and Glass Case, showing
strata passed through at the Clifton Coal Mine. Exhibited by
Proprietors of Mine.
1 block of Coal from Warwick. Exhibited by Queensland
Government.
allt vist miel Precious Stones. Ballet bu
100 specimens of Opals from the Barcoo. Exhibited by
Mr. Bishop.

す
​Specimens of Calcedony, Agate, from Agate Creek, Gilbert
River. Exhibited by Queensland Government.
Polished specimens of Serpentine, from near Marlboro,
Queensland. Exhibited by Queensland Government.

ZYRZIKE AARAU IR KAU QUEENSLAND.
375
در پایین از او تقاریری
Opposite Divisions 11 and 12 are ranged exhibits in bulk of
Cl. 659.
Sugar.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, including-
1 bag of Sugar. Density of liquor-9° to 10° Baume. Price
of crop-26s. to 278. per cwt. Soil-Medium Clay Loam. Ex-
hibited by H. G. Grimes.
Pre-
1 bag of Sugar, Gairlock Plantation, Albert River.
pared in open battery, Wetzel Pan, from Salangore Cane, 15
months old. Exhibited by McKenzie.
of Sugar, Herbert River. Exhibited by F. Neame
1 bag of
& Co.
10
1 bag of Sugar, Clydesdale. Prepared in open flat pans,
made by R. R. Smellie, Wetzel Pan, from Chicago cane,
months old; 20 tons of cane per acre, yield 30 cwt. of sugar
per acre; black soil, sandy subsoil, well drained. Exhibited by
William Gibson and Sons.
2 bags of Sugar, Loganholm, Logan River. Exhibited by
Fryar and Strachan.
1 bag of Sugar, Moyea. Exhibited by J. M. Black.
1 bag of Sugar, Loganholm, Logan River.
Fryar and Strachan.
2
Exhibited by
1 bag of Sugar, Alexandra Plantation, Mackay. Made from
81
black Java Cane, 15 months old. 8 measured acres yielded
3 tons 2 cwt. 2 qrs. dry sugar net, and 48 gallons of molasses
per acre. Exhibited by J. E. Davidson.
1 bag of Sugar, Helenfield, Tingalpa. Exhibited by Johnson,
Brothers.
1 bag of Sugar, Ageston Plantation. Exhibited by W. H.
Cauldery.
1 bag of Sugar, Antigua, Maryborough. Exhibited by A. H.
Brown.
2 bags of Sugar, Beenleigh. Exhibited by Davey and
Goody.
1 bag of Sugar, Benowa. Prepared in common pan, direct
from battery (no steam boiler, made from one year old Ribbon
cane "Ratoons.") Exhibited by Robert Muir.
1 bag of Sugar, Government Penal Establishment. Exhibited
by John McDonald.
1 bag of Sugar, Yengarie. Exhibited by Tooth and Cran.
*** Spirits distilled from Queensland Sugar and
Cl. 660.
I
Molasses.
1 kg of Ram
of Rum, Ageston. Exhibited by W. H. Couldery.
1 keg of Rum, Tindah. Exhibited by Ramsey Brothers.
1 keg of Rum, Caboolture. Exhibited by G. Raff.
1 keg of White Spirit, Ageston. Exhibited by W. H. Coul-
dery.
1 keg of White Spirit, lindah.
Brothers.
Wine.
Name of grape-Black Spanish. Name of wine-Assmans-
hausen. Colour Red. Character-Light-bodied wine, pure
-
juice of the grape. Age of vine-10 years or less. Nature of
soil-Gravelly loam, greyish colour, 10 acres cultivated. How
cultivated-Land subsoiled and trenched yearly, 1 foot deep.
How trained-Trained to stakes and wires.
12 bottles White Wine. Locality-Assmanshausen, Sandy
Creek, Agricultural Reserve, Warwick. Date of Vintage-
1873. Name of Grape-White Verdillo. Name of Wine-
White Assmanshausen. Colour-White. Character of Wine
-Light-bodied wine, pure juice of grape. Age of Vines-10
years and less. Nature of Soil-Gravelly loam, greyish
colour, 10 acres cultivated. How cultivated-Land subsoiled
and trenched yearly, 1 foot deep. Vines, how trained-Trained
to stakes and wires. Exhibited by Kircher.
A
12 bottles of White Wine. Location-Silverburg, Agri-
cultural Reserve, Swan Creek, Warwick. Date of Vintage-
1873. Name of Grape-White Reisling. Name of Wine-
Wine
White Silverburg. Colour-White. Character of Wine--
Light-bodied wine, pure juice of the grape. Age of Vines
-Six years. Nature of soil-Brown loam, 9 acres under
cultivation. How cultivated-Land subsoiled, and trenched
yearly. Vines, how trained-Trained to stakes. Exhibited
by David Mauch.
odgla arulonen h
12 bottles of White Wine. Location--Warrill Creek,
Ipswich. Date of Vintage-1874, February 15th. Name of
Grape--Verdeilho. Name of Wine-Warrilla. Colour-
Golden Yellow. Character of wine-Liqueur. Age of Vines--
3 years. Nature of soil-The soil is a shallow alluvial, resting
upon a subsoil of argillaceous clay, the whole being thoroughly
drained to a depth of from 4 to 5 feet. The aspect is southerly
and the area under cultivation is 13 acres. How cultivated-
The cultivation is mainly with horse labour, the implements
used being the "Georgia Bull Tongue," and a "Cultivator"
to stir the ground to a shallow depth. The soil more imme-
diate to the vines and underneath the trellising being well dug
with forks. Vines, how trained-The vines are planted 6 by
5 feet, and are trained to a 3-wire trellis. Exhibited by Irwin,
Brothers. De nohut, 1991930) handy umo
Flour and Wheat Meal.
Cl. 657.
1 bag of flour, 56 lbs. Allora. Exhibited by Mr. F.
Keates.
1 bag of Wheat Meal, 56 lbs. Allora. Exhibited by Mr. F.
Keates. g
ASR 00 BAIT), Biog * Arrowroot.
Cl. 658.
Exhibited by Ramsey
1 case of Arrowroot.
Exhibited by F. Lahey.
Exhibited by G. O. S. Grimes.
Exhibited by Lane.
12 bottles of Red Wine. Locality-Assmanshausen, Sandy
Creek, Agricultural Reserve, Warwick. Date of vintage-1873.
1 case of Arrowroot.
1 case of Arrowroot.
1 tin of Arrowroot. Exhibited by W. Marks.
1 tin of Arrowroot Biscuit. Exhibited by Brokleman.

376
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
Cl. 623.
Tobacco.
2 boxes of Tobacco. Exhibited by J. H. Hocker.
1 box of Cigars. Exhibited by J. H. Hocker,
1 small box of Cigarettes. Exhibited by J. H. Hocker.
7 varieties of Tobacco Leaf. Exhibited by J. H. Hocker.
Cl. 668.
Silk.
1 sample of Silk (Raw Silk in Skein). Ipswich. Exhibited
by C. F. Chubb.
1 sample of Silk (reeled in form of Tram and organised for
weaving). Exhibited by C. F. Chubb.
1 sample of Silk (sample of manufacture, in form Scarf)
Exhibited by C. F. Chubb.
Samples of Silk (cocoons and Japanese Varieties). Ipswich.
Exhibited by Mrs. Hine.
Samples of Silk and Cocoons. The Penal Establishment.
Exhibited by John McDonald.
-karicabilen. Damit gel, Coffee.to envi
Cl. 623.
1 packet of Coffee Beans. Exhibited by F. E. Chubb.
Coffee Leaves dried as Tea. Redbank. Exhibited by W. R.
Alexander.
Candied Fruits, &c.
Cl. 656.
Exhibited by W. H.
1 case of Candied Ginger. Exhibited by W. H. Hayes.
1 case of Candied Orange Peel.
Hayes.
1 case of Candied Lemon Peel.
1 case of Candied Pine Apple.
1 case of Candied Rock Melon.
1 case of Candied Citron. Exhibited by W. H. Hayes.
Exhibited by W. H. Hayes,
Exhibited by W. H. Hayes.
Exhibited by W. H. Hayes.
6 bottles of Chutney. Stanley's, South Brisbane. Exhibited
by J. H. Boreham.
6 bottles of Tomato Sauce; 12 varieties of Chili Pepper;
Rosella and other Jams. Exhibited by Mr. MacFarlane.
Opposite Divisions XIII. and XIV. are arranged the bulky Exhibits of
PASTORAL PRODUCTS, including-
Cl. 667.

2 Fleeces Clothing Wool, from Ewes bred by Mr. Bertie le
Parr Chiverton, lat. 28° 12′ S.; long. 152° 16' E. Fed solely
in paddocks on indigenous grasses. Eleven months' growth,
shown in the grease.
Pure Australian Merino fleece. Exhibited by Bertie le
Parr Chiverton.
1 Fleece Clothing Wool, washed, grown by Mr. Donald
Gunn, of Pikedale, lat. 28° 43' S.; long. 151° 38′ E. Flocks
originally from Negretti. Fed in paddocks on indigenous
grasses only. Geological formation, trap and slate. One of
the most healthy sheep-runs in Queensland. The maximum
price per lb. was forty-one and a half pence (3s. 5d.) and the
general average thirty-three and a half pence (2s. 94d.) at last
London sales, 1874. Exhibited by Donald Gunn, Thuringt
1 Ram's Fleece Clothing Wool, grown by Mr. Donald Gunn,
Pikedale. Shown in the grease from a three years' old ram;
weight of fleece, 12 lbs. Exhibited by Donald Gunn.
1 Ewe's Fleece Combing Wool, grown by Messrs. Gore & Co.,
Yandilla. Lat. 27° 50′ S.; long. 131° 35' E. Sheep bred
within their own blood for 21 years; fed in paddocks entirely
on indigenous grasses; shown in the grease. Soil principally
black volcanic. Exhibited by Gore & Co.
1 Young Ram's Fleece fine Combing Wool, grown by George
Clark, Esq., East Talgai, lat. 27° 38′ S.; long. 151° 59′ E.
Finest combing wool grown in Queensland. Sheep improved
by Tasmanian merinos, bred pure for more than 50 years
Shown in the grease. Exhibited by George Clark.
4 Fleeces pure Merino Clothing, 320 days' growth. Bred by
C. H. Green, Esq., Goomburra, Darling Downs, lat. 28° 5′ S.;
long. 152° 10′ E. Fed solely in paddocks of indigenous grasses.
Shown in the grease. Exhibited by C. H. Green.
3 Ram's Fleeces, pure Australian Clothing Merino in the
grease; bred by B. C. Parr, Esq., 11 months' growth. Exhibited
by B. C. Parr.
1 Fleece from pure Clothing Merino, bred by Messrs.
Marshall and Slade, Glengallan, lat. 28° 5' S.; long. 152° 20′ E.
From ram "Sultan," for two years champion clothing ram at
the Agricultural Society's Show, Toowoomba (1874-5); eight
years old; weight of fleece, 114 lbs. in the grease, with samples
kept back for station. Exhibited by Marshall and Slade.
1 Fleece, pure Clothing Merino, from the ewe Empress."
Bred by Marshall and Slade. Weight in the grease, 9 lbs., with
samples kept back. This ewe was champion at the Royal
Agricultural Company's Exhibition in 1874. The brand of this
clip, M. and D., has been long favourably known in the London
market. Exhibited by Marshall and Slade.
1 Fleece, Clothing Wool, from ram bred by the North British
Australian Investment Company (L. E. Lester, Manager),
Rosenthal, lat. 28° 12'; long. 152° E. Flocks originally from
Saxon merino; weight of fleece in grease, 12 lbs. at 11 months'
growth. Exhibited by L. E. Lester.
1 Ewe Fleece Clothing, from a ewe belonging to same
breeders; weight in grease at 10 months' growth, 8 lbs. 10 oz.
Exhibited by L. E. Lester.
1 Ewe Fleece Clothing; same breeders; weight in grease,
6 lbs. 8 oz. Exhibited by L. E. Lester.
1 bale washed Wool, from Westbrook Station; grown by
Messrs. Jennings and Shanahan, lat. 27° 40′ S.; long. 151° 24′ E.
Pure Australian merino. Exhibited by Jennings and Shanahan.
3 Fleeces pure Merino Combing Wool, from two years old.
Rams bred by C. B. Fisher, Esq., Headington Hill, lat. 27° 51′ S. ;


QUEENSLAND. ^ { g
377
long. 151° 49′ E. This clip has been bred in Adelaide 40 years
in and into their own blood, and have been acclimatised in
Queensland for seven years. The clip was pronounced by the
Bradford Chamber of Commerce the most essentially combing
merino wool received in that market. Exhibited by C. B. Fisher.
No.
Bale Washed Wool; Messrs. Shanahan and Jennings.
Exhibited by Shanahan and Jennings.
Large Wardrobe with three fleeces wool from G. H. Daven-
port, Headington Hill. Darling Downs. Exbibited by G. H.
Davenport.
SAMPLE CASE containing the following DESCRIPTIONS of WOOL.
Condition.
Breed of Sheep.
Description.
1
2
Fine clothing
Combing
Fine Clothing
Fine Clothing
3
4 to 12
Fine Combing
13 to 31
32
33 to 46
47 to 49
50 to 52
Very fine Clothing
Fine Clothing
Ditto
Ditto
Cold Water Washed
In the Grease
Cold Water Washed
In the Grease
Ditto
Cold Water Washed
In the Grease, Lambs
Ditto
Ditto, Ewes
The exhibitors Messrs. Fenwick and Scott give the following
information -
Sheep in Queensland, 31st December 1874, 6,000,000 sheep
clothing wool produced, 15,000,000 lbs., washed; or say,
Pure Australian Merino.
Leicester cum Merino, from a two-year old,
the offspring of a pure Leicester Ram, and
a pure Merino Ewe.
Pure Australian Merino, tên tác gi
Ditto.
Sheep descended from pure Saxony Merino.
Pure Australian Merino.
Same as 13 to 31.
Ditto.
Ditto.
30,000,000 in Grease. 14,000,000 sheep; combing wool pro-
duced 33,000,000 lbs. washed, or say, 7,000,000 in grease.
Total, 71,000,000 sheep, producing 37,000,000 lbs. wool in
grease.
Opposite Divisions XV., XVI., XVII., XVIII. are arranged exhibits of a
Miscellaneous character.
First in importance are the two collections, one in the rough the other polished, of
Timbers.
The first consists of 206 Slabs of the the most useful Queens-
land timbers, 3 ft. long by 6 in. square with bark on.
Ornamental Inlaid Table Top to illustrate the same.
About 2 cwt. squared Timber, 2 ft. long, from Warwick
District.
Ornamental Inlaid Table to illustrate the same.
Timber from Lower Herbert, Daintree River Cedar, and
Endeavour Gum.
A full description of these is attached to the specimens, and will be inserted in the second edition of this
Catalogue.
They have been collected and described by Walter Hill, Esq., the Director of the Government Botanical
Gardens, Brisbane.
The second collection of polished woods was also arranged by Walter Hill, Esq.; they were, however, when
in the rough subjected to long immersion in sea water, owing to the wreck of the ship in which they were
being conveyed to England, and on that account hardly do justice to their value to the cabinet maker.
Their description is as follows:
THE TIMBERS OF QUEENSLAND.
Cl. 600, 601. MAÍ 2
Coniferæ.
BA 1. ARAUCARIA BIDWILLII, HOOK. Bunya Bunya. Dia-
meter, 30 to 48 ins.; height, 100 to 220 ft.
1A. DITTO.
1B. DITTO.
2. ARAUCARIA CUNNINGHAMII, Ait. Moreton Bay Pine.
Diameter, 36 to 66 inches; height, 150 to 200 ft.
2A. DITTO.
3. DAMMARA ROBUSTA, Moore. Kawrie or Dundathu Pine.
Diameter, 36 to 72 in.; height, 80 to 130 ft.
4. CALLITRIS COLUMELLARIS, F. Muell. Cypress Pine,
Diameter, 20 to 30 in.; height, 40 to 60 ft.

378
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
5. CALLITRIS VERRUCOSA, R. Br. The Desert Cypress Pine.
Diameter, 12 to 24 in.; height, 50 to 70 ft. maken vedravie
6. CALLITRIS ENDLICHERI, Parl. The Mountain Cypress
Diameter, 9 to 18 in.; height, 40 to 50 ft.
Pine.
7. PODOCARPUS ELATUS, R. Br. She Pine. Diameter, 20
to 36 in.; height, 50 to 80 ft.
Amentaceæ.
8. CASUARINA TENUISSIMA, Sieb. River Oak. Diameter,
18 to 22 in.; height, 40 to 70 ft.
LEPTOCLADA,
The Erect She Oak.
9. CASUARINA LEPTO CLADA, Miq.
Diameter, 9 to 15 in.; height, 20 to 30 feet.
in.; 2010, 30 fort.
10. CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA,
Diameter, 12 to 20 in.; height, 50 to 70 ft.
Swamp Oak.
11. CASUARINA TORULOSA, Ait. Forest Oak, Beefwood.
Diameter, 9 to 15 in.; height, 30 to 35 ft.
11A. DITTO.
12. CASUARINA CUNNINGHAMIANA, Miq. Fire Oak. Diam-
eter, 6 to 10 in.; height, 20 to 30 ft.
12A. DITTO.
Meliaceæ.
13. CEDRELA TOONA, ROXB. Red Cedar. Diameter, 24 to
76 in.; height, 100 to 150 ft.
13A. DITTO.
13B. DITTO.
Simarubeæ. juul 27 W 143 SÁ
24. AILANTHUS IMBERBIFLORA, F. Muell. Diameter, 20 to
28 in.; height, 50 to 70 ft.
24A. DITTO.
Tutaceae.
25. BOSISTOA SAPINDIFORMIS, F. Muell. Diameter, 6 to
12 in.; height, 15 to 20 ft.
25A. DITTO.
26. CITRUS AUSTRALIS, Planch. Native Orange. Diameter,
6 to 14 in.
27. CITRUS AUSTRALASICA, F. Muell. Native Lime. Dia-
meter, 6 to 10 in.; height, 15 to 20 ft.
27A. DITTO.
28. ATALANTIA GLAUCA, Hook. The Native Cumquat. Dia-
meter, 2 to 6 in.; height, 8 to 15 ft.
29. ACRONYCHIA BAUERI, Schott. Diameter, 6 to 12 in.;
height, 16 to 24 ft.
30. ACRONYCHIA LEVIS, Forst.
height, 30 to 50 ft.
Diameter, 15 to 20 in.;
31. ZANTHOXYLON BRACHYACANTHUM, F. Muell. Satin
Wood. Diameter, 6 to 9 in.; height, 20 to 30 ft.
32. GEIJERA PARVIFLORA, Lindl. Diameter, 6 to 12 in. ;
height, 20 to 30 ft.
Cap Dia-
33. GEIJERA MUELLERI, Benth. Balsam Capivi Tree. Dia-
meter, 12 to 18 in.; height, 40 to 60 ft.
34. EVODIA MICROCOCCA, F. Muell. Diameter, 6 to 10 in.;
14. FLINDERSIA AUSTRALIS, R. Br. Flindosa. Diameter, height, 20 to 30 ft.
36 to 48 in.; height, 80 to 100 ft.
15. FLINDERSIA OXLEYANA, F. Muell. Light-Yellow Wood.
Diameter, 24 to 42 in.; height, 80 to 100 ft. ka nda
16. FLINDERSIA BENNETTIANA, F. Muell.
Diameter, 18 to 26 in.; height, 70 to 90 ft.
16A. DITTO.
Bogum Bogum.
17. FLINDERSIA MACULOSA, F. Muell. Spotted Tree of the
Colonists. Diameter, 12 to 18 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
18. OWENIA VENOSA, F. Muell.
12 to 24 in.; height, 40 to 65 ft.
Sour Plum. Diameter,
Celastrineæ.
35. CELASTRUS DISPERMUS, F. Muell. Diameter, 3 to 5 in.
height, 12 to 16 ft.
35A. DITTO.
36. DENHAMIA PITTOSPOROIDES, F. Muell. Diameter, 6 to
8 in.; height, 20 to 30 ft.
37. DENHAMIA OBSCURA, Meisn. Diameter, 3 to 5 in.;
height, 12 to 20 ft.
Rhamneæ.
Pittosyoreæ.
god ting hips hora 38. ALPHITONIA EXCELSA, Reissek. Mountain or Red Ash.
19. OWENIA CERASIFERA, F. Muell. Sweet Plum. Diameter Diameter, 18 to 24 in.; height, 45 to 60 ft.
dessin frodiges
9 to 18 in.; height, 25 to 35 ft., 14 romanich bố, múl
20. AMOORA NITIDULA, Benth. Diameter, 18 to 30 in.;
height, 70 to 90 ft.
anov qadar i pečt, JULI 1sile # vd bogu
20A. DITTO.
dr Mo Mori odi
21. SYNOUM GLANDULOSUM, A. Juss. Diameter, 15 to 24
in.; height, 35 to 60 ft.
21A. DITTO.
22. DYSOXYLON MUELLERI, Benth.
meter, 20 to 35 in.; height, 70 to 90 ft.
22A. DITTO.
22B. DITTO.
Pencil Cedar. Dia-
23. MELIA COMPOSITA, Willd. Diameter, 15 to 20 in.; height,
50 to 60 ft.
23A. DITTO.
Diameter,
3 buugve
39. PITTOSPORUM RHOMBIFOLIUM, A. Cunn.
6 to 12 inches; height, 40 to 55 feet. diellus bu
40. PITTOSPORUM BICOLOR, Hook. Diameter, 6 to 21.
inches; height, 20 to 40 feet. „bushold of bevavbateral saat
41. PITTOSPORUM PHILLYRÆOIDES, D.C. Diameter, 4 to
6 inches; height, 20 to 35 feet.
GHIA PA Sterculiaceæ. INT
Sterculiaceæ.HIMIT JUD
42. TARRIETIA ARGYRODENDRON, Benth. Silver Tree
Diameter, 24 to 34 inches; height, 70 to 90 feet. 9
43. TARRIETIA ACTINODENDRON, F. Muell. Diameter, 18
to 30 inches; height, 60 to 70 feet. ded
44. COMMERSONIA ECHINATA, Forst. Diameter, 6 to 12
inches; height, 20 to 30 feet.
#

ESPÈRE JARZO/MODAL- ZAIT QUEENSLAND. LAYLANGA
379
Jak Sapindaceæ.PAR
45. CUPANIA XYLOCARPA, A. Cunn. Diameter, 12 to 24
inches; height, 40 to 60 feet.
46. CUPANIA SERRATA, F. Muell. Diameter, 8 to 14 inches;
height, 20 to 30 feet.
47. DIPLOGLOTTIS CUNNINGHAMII, Hook. Native Tamarind.
Diameter, 12 to 20 inches; height, 40 to 55 feet.
Me
48. CUPANIA SEMIGLAUCA, F. Muell. Diameter, 10 to 20
inches; height, 30 to 60 feet.
49. RATONIA PYRIFORMIS. Benth. Diameter, 10 to 18 in-
ches; height, 30 to 45 feet.
50. NEPHELIUM TOMENTOSUM, F. Muell. Diameter, 10 to
15 inches; height, 30 to 40 feet.
51. HeteroDENDRON ÖLEÆFOLIUM, Desf. Diameter, 4 to
10 inches; height, 20 to 30 feet.
52. HETERODENDRON DIVERSIFOLIUM, F. Muell. Diameter,
4 to 6 inches; height, 10 to 15 feet:
53. HARPULLIA PENDULA, Planch. Tulip Wood. Diameter,
14 to 24 inches; height, 50 to 60 feet.
54. DODONEA TRIQUETRA, Andr. Hop Bush. Diameter,
3 to 4 inches; height, 10 to 12 feet.
Anacardiaceæ.
55. RHUS RHODANTHEMA, F. Muell. Dark Yellow Wood, K.
Diameter, 18 to 24 inches; height, 50 to 70 feet.
Rubiaceae.
Leichhardt's Tree.
56. SARCOCEPHALUS CORDATUS, Miq.
Diameter, 24 to 30 in.; height, 40 to 60 ft.
57. IXORA PAVETTA ROXB. Diameter, 2 to 4 in.; height,
8 to 10 ft.
58. HODGKINSONIA OVATIFLORA, F. Muell. Diameter, 6 to
10 in.; height, 12 to 20 ft.
59. CANTHIUM LUCIDUM, Hook. and Arm. Diameter, 6 to
12 in.; height, 20 to 30 ft.
59A. DITTO.
60. CANTHIUM OLEIFOLIUM, Hook.
height, 25 to 30 ft.
Diameter, 4 to 10 in.;
61. CANTHIUM LATIFOLIUM, F. Muell. Diameter, 8 to 12 in.;
height, 25 to 30 ft.
62. CANTHIUM VACCINIIFOLIUM, F. Muell. Diameter, 2 to
4 in.; height, 6 to 10 ft.
62A. DITTO.
63. CELOSPERMUM PANICULATUM, F. Muell. Diameter, 3 to
5 in.; height, 100 to 150 feet.
Myrtaceæ.
64. CallistemON LANCEOLATUS, D. C. Bottle-brush Tree.
Diameter, 12 to 18 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
65. CALLISTEMON SALIGNUS, D. C. Broad-leaved Tea Tree.
Diameter, 18 to 24 in.; height, 40 to 60 ft.) si de ber
66. MELAIEUCA LINARIIFOLIA, Sm. Diameter, 20 to 24 in.
height, 30 to 40 ft.
67. MELALEUCA NODOSA, Sm. Tea Tree. Diameter, 10 to
20 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
68. AngophorA SUBVELUTINA, F. Muell. Apple Tree. Dia-
meter, 20 to 26 in.; height, 40 to 60 ft. co-p100
69. EUCALYPTUS PILULARIS, Sm. Black-butt. Diameter
24 to 40 in.; height, 60 to 80 ft.
70. EUCALYPTUS MICROCORYS, F. Muell. Diameter, 18 to
30 in.; height, 60 to 80 ft.
71. EUCALYPTUS HEMIPHLOIA, F. Muell. Yellow Box. Dia-
meter, 20 to 30 in.; height, 40 to 60 ft. per arzimay be
71A. DITTO.
72. EUCALYPTUS SIDEROPHLOIA, Benth. Ironbark. Diameter,
20 to 30 in.; height, 60 to 80 ft.
73. EUCALYPTUS MELANOPHLOIA, F. Muell. Silver-leaved
Ironbark. Diameter, 18 to 20 in.; height, 30 to 60 ft.
74. EUCALYPTUS MACULATA, Hook.
meter, 20 to 30 in.; height, 60 to 80 ft.
174.
74A. DITTO.
Spotted Gum. Dia-
75. EUCALYPTUS SALIGNA, Sm. Grey Gum. Diameter, 24
to 34 in.; height, 60 to 80 ft.qua
76. EUCALYPTUS RESINIFERA, SM. Red Mahogany. Dia-
meter, 20 to 30 in.; height, 60 to 70 ft.
76A. DITTO.
77. EUCALYPTUS CORYMBOSA, Sm. Bloodwood. Diameter,
24 to 30 in.; height, 50 to 60 ft.
77A. DITTO.
78. EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS, Sm. Blue Gum. Diameter,
30 to 48 in.; height, 70 to 90 ft.
79. EUCALYPTUS TERETICORNIS, Sm. Red Gum. Diameter,
18 to 30 in.; height, 60 to 80 ft.
Turpentine
80. EUCALYPTUS STUARTIANA. F. Muell.
Tree. Diameter, 24 to 36 in.; height, 60 to 80 ft.
81. EUCALYPTUS FIBROSA, F. Muell. Stringy Bark. Dia-
meter, 18 to 24 in.; height, 40 to 60 ft. JANARD
82. EUCALYPTUS TESSELARIS, F. Muell.
Diameter, 14 to 24 in.; height, 30 to 60 ft.
83. MYRTUS ACMENIOIDES, F. Muell. Diameter, 12 to
18 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
83A. DITTO.
84. EUGENIA SMITHII, Poir.
best
to 18 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
Moreton Bay Ash.
um da
Lilly Pillies. Diameter, 12
85. MYRTUS HILLII, Benth. Scrub Ironwood. Diameter,
6 to 12 in.; height, 20 to 40 ft.
86. RhodamniA TRINERVIA, Blum. Diameter, 10 to 18 in.;
height, 20 to 30 ft.
87. RHODOMYRTUS PSIDIOIDES, Benth. Diameter, 12 to
20 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
88. RHODAMNIA ARGENTEA, Benth. Diameter, 15 to 22 in.;
height, 40 to 60 ft.
Bould
89. TRISTANIA CONFERTA, R. Br. Box. Diameter, 36 to
50 in.; height, 80 to 100 ft.
Proteacea.
Cunn, Silky Oak. Diameter,
90. GREVILLEA ROBUSTA. Cunn,
30 to 40 in.; height, 80 to 100 ft.

380
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. COLONIAL SECTION.
91. MACADAMIA TERNIFOLIA, F. Muell. Queensland Nut.
Diameter, 30 to 40 in.; height, 30 to
50 ft.
92. ORITES EXCELSA, R. Br. Diameter, 6 to 14 in.; height,
30 to 60 ft.
92. DITTO.
92. BANKSIA INTEGRIFOLIA, Linn. Beef Wood. Diameter, 8 to
12 in.; height, 20 to 30 ft.
94. PERSOONIA LUCIDA, R. Br. VAR. LATIFOLIA, A. Cunn.
Diameter, 3 to 7 in.; height, 10 to 20 ft.
95. GREVILLEA HILLIANA, F. Muell. Diameter 10 to 18 in.;
height, 40 to 60 ft.
Thymeleæ.
96. EXOCARPUS LATIFOLIA, R. Br.
Tree. Diameter, 6 to 9 in,; height, 12 to 25 ft.
97. EXOCARPUS CUPRESSIFORMIS, R. Br.
Diameter, 4 to 8 in.; height, 10 to 16 ft.
Broad-leaved Cherry
Cherry Tree.
Santalaceæ.
98. SANTALUM LANCEOLATUM, R. Br. Sandal Wood. Dia-
meter, 3 to 6 in.; height, 15 to 25 ft.
98A. DITTO.
Myoporineæ.
99. EREMOPHILA MITCHELLI, Benth.
Wood.
Bastard Sandal
Diameter, 6 to 12 in.; height, 20 to 30 ft.
100. MYOPORUM ACUMINATUM, R. Br. VAR. PARVIFLORUM,
Benth. Diameter, 4 to 6 in.; height, 12 to 15 ft.
Verbenaceæ.
101. AVICENNIA OFFICINALIS, Linn. Mangrove. Diameter,
19 to 20 in.; height, 20 to 30 ft.
102. GMELINA LEICHHARDTII F. Muell. Beech. Diameter,
24 to 36 in.; height, 80 to 100 ft.azzer kikat (ASN)ė
103. VITEX LIGNUM-VITÆ, A. Cunn. S crub Lignum Vitæ
Diameter, 20 to 24 in.; height, 50 to 70 ft.
103A. DITTO.
Tiliaceæ.
104. ELEOCARPUS OBOVATUS, G. Don. Diameter, 12 to
20 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
Leguminosæ. lag
105. ACACIA FALCATA, Willd. Diameter, 6 to 12 in.; height,
20 to 30 ft.
106. ACACIA GLAUCESCENS, Willd. Diameter, 12 to 18 in.
height, 30 to 35 ft.
107. Same as 8 in a younger stage. Long AfdHLASENEN
108. ACACIA FASCICULIFERA, F. Muell. Diameter, 10 to
16 in..; height, 30 to 40 ft.
109. ACACIA SALICINA, Lindl. Diameter, 6 to 12 in.; height,
30 to 40 ft.
110. ACACIA HARPOPHYLLA, F. Muell. Diameter, 12 to
Diameter, 12 to
20 in.; height, 40 to 70 ft.
t. 40 to 70 ft.
111. Same as 110 in a younger stage,
+
112. ACACIA EXCELSA, Benth. Brigalow. Diameter, 20 to
30 in.; height, 50 to 80 ft.
113. ACACIA NERIIFOLIA, A. Cunn. Diameter, 6 to 12 in.";
height, 20 to 30 ft.
114. ACACIA DORATOXYLON, A. Cunn. Diameter, 6 to
12 in.; height, 25 to 35 ft.
114A. DITTO.
115. ACACIA PENDULA, A. Cunn. Weeping Myall. Diameter
6 to 12 in.; height, 20 to 35 ft.
116. ACACIA STENOPHYLLA, A. Cunn. Ironwood. Diameter
15 to 24 in.; height, 40 to 60 ft.
116A. DITTO.
117. ACACIA LEPTOSTACHYA, Benth. Diameter, 4 to 10 in. ;
height, 20 to 25 ft.
118. ACACIA UNCIFERA, Benth. Diameter, 3 to 5 in.;
height, 6 to 10 ft.
119. ACACIA DECURRENS, Willd. Green Wattle. Diameter,
3 to 8 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
119A. DITTO.
Diameter, 6 to 10 in.
120. ACACIA AMBLYGONA, A. Cunn. Diameter, 1
height, 20 to 25 ft.
121. ACACIA DECURRENS, Willd. VAR. MOLLIS, Lindl. Silver
Wattle. Diameter, 6 to 10 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
122. ALBIZZIA THOZETIANA, F. Muell. Diameter, 12 to 30
in.; height, 40 to 60 ft.
123. ACACIA LINIFOLIA, Willd. Diameter, 3 to 4 in.; height,
10 to 15 ft.
124. ACACIA PENNINERVIS, Sieb. Diameter, 2 to 4 in.;
height, 6 to 12 ft.
124A. DITTO.
125. PITHECOLOBIUM PRUINOSUM, Benth. Diameter, 5 to 12
in.; height, 40 to 50 ft.
126. HOVEA ACUTIFOLIA, A. Cunn. Diameter, 2 to 4 in.;
height, 6 to 10 ft.
127. BARKLYA SYRINGIFOLIA, F. Muell. Diameter, 12 to 18
in.; height, 40 to 60 ft.
128. CASSIA BREWSTERI, F. Muell. Diameter, 3 to 6 in.;
height, 30 to 50 ft.
129. JACKSONIA SCOPARIA, R. Br. Dogwood. Diameter,
3 to 8 in.; height, 10 to 15 ft.
Cornaceæ.
130. MARLEA VITIENSIS, Benth.
6 to 12 in.; height, 20 to 30 ft.
130A. DITTO.
Jasmineæ.
Musk Tree. Diameter,
131. OLEA PANICULATA, R. Br. Native Olive. Diameter,
18 to 24 in.; height, 50 to 70 ft.
___132. NOTELÆA ovata, R. Br. Dunga Vunga. Diameter,
6 to 12 in.; height, 20 to 30 ft.Per
133. NOTELÆA MICROCARPA, R. Br. Diameter, 9 to 12 in.;
height, 30 to 45 ft.
;

QUEENSLAND.
381
Laurineæ.
船
​134. ENDIANDRA PUBENS, Meissn. Diameter, 18 to 24 in.;
height, 40 to 70 ft.
135. TETRANTHERA FERRUGINEA, R. Br. Diameter, 14 to
20 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
136. LITSÆA DEALBATA, Nees. Diameter, 18 to 24 in.;
height, 40 to 60 ft.
136A. DITTO.
137. CRYPTOCARYA PATENTINERVIS, F. Muell. Diameter,
12 to 20 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
137A. DITTO.
Ebenaceæ.
138. CARGILLIA AUSTRALIS, R. Br. Diameter, 6 to 12 in.;
height, 30 to 40 ft.
Euphorbiaceæ.
139. MALLOTUS PHILIPPINENSIS, F. Muell. Diameter, 6 to
14 in.; height, 30 to 45 ft.
140. MALLOTUS NESOPHILUS, F. Muell. Diameter, 12 to
18 in.; height, 35 to 45 feet.
141. CROTON INSULARIS, Baill.
8 to 12 in.; height, 30 to 40 ft.
1142. CROTON
Cascarilla. Diameter,
142. CROTON VERREAUXII, Baill. Diameter, 3 to 5 in.;
height, 15 to 20 ft.
143. PETALOSTIGMA QUADRILOCULARE, F. Muell. Crab
Tree. Diameter, 12 to 18 in.; height, 40 to 50 ft.
144. EXCECARIA AGALLOCHA, Linn. River Poisonous Tree.
Diameter, 6 to 18 in.; height, 20 to 30 ft.
145. BRIDELIA EXALTATA, F. Muell. Diameter, 12 to 18 in.;
height, 30 to 45 ft.
146. BRADLEIA AUSTRALIS, R. Br. Diameter, 12 to 18 in. ;
height, 13 to 50 ft.
Monimiaceæ.
147. DAPHNANDRA MICRANTHA, Benth. Diameter, 18 to
30 inches; height, 60 to 80 ft.
Sapotaceæ.
148. HORMOGYNE COTINIFOLIA, A. DC. Diameter, 6 to
9 inches; height, 20 to 35 ft. tutki) se pot pagkaging)
149. CHRYSOPHYLLUM PRUNIFERUM, F. Muell. Diameter,
12 to 20 inches; height, 30 to 70 feet.
Urtices.
150. CELTIS PHILLIPPINENSIS, Blanco. Diameter, 4 to
12 in.; height, 20 to 40 ft.
151. MORUS CALCAR-GALLI, Cunn. Cockspur Thorn.
Saxifrageæ.
152. CERATOPETALUM
APETALUM, Don.
Diameter, 24 to 36 inches; height, 70 to 90 ft.
SECTIONS OF FOREST TREES.
Coachwood.
Collected in the neighbourhood of Rockhampton, by Mr. P. A. O'SHANESY, and forwarded for exhibition.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
With the exception of two or three species, the following woods, indigenous to Rockhampton, have not
hitherto been exhibited from that place, and are chiefly intended as an illustration of the richness of that dis-
trict in useful and ornamental timber. In the neighbourhood of Rockhampton alone there are nearly 200
different species of woods available for every purpose from cabinet-work to ship-building, several of which,
as the eucalypti or gums, surpass all other known timber in strength and durability; and, as these con-
stitute the main bulk of vegetation in the open forest, the supply is inexhaustible.
Rutaceee.
IS. ACRONYCHIA IMPERFORATA, F. Muell.
28. ACRONYCHIA BAUERI, Schott. 20 to 25 ft.
10 to 15 ft.
Rubiaceæ.
38. RANDIA DENSIFLORA, Benth. A middle-sized tree, with
an irregular trunk. 4s. IXORA PAVETTA, Roxburgh.
12 ft. 4A. DITTO.
Burseraceæ.
5s. GanoPHYLLUM FALCATUM, Blume. 30 to 40 ft.
10 to
bukhchaam. Myrtaceæ. in pagsaline nda
68. EUCALYPTUS MELANOPHLOIA, F. Muell. Broad-leaved
or silvery Ironbark. 25 to 30 ft. 78. EUCALYPTUS CREBRA,
Hiding!
88. 1
8s. Eucalyptus
9s. EUCALYPTUS
9A. DITTO. 10s.
118. TRISTANIA
30 to 40 ft.
F. Muell. Narrow-leaved Ironbark. An erect tree of 50 to
60 ft., often with a clear trunk of 25 to 30 ft.
POLYANTHEMOs, Schauer. Box. 40 to 50 ft.
TERETICORNIS, Sm. Gum. 80 to 100 ft.
EUCALYPTUS CORYMBOSA, Sm. Bloodwood.
SUAVEOLENS, Sm. Mahogany and Stringy-bark.
128. EUGENIA EUCALYPTOIDES, F. Muell. 15 to 20 ft.
BACKHSCIOUSIA ADOPHORA, F. Muell. 30 to 40 ft.
MYRTUS ACMENIOIDES, F. Muell. Myrtle. 10 to 15 ft.
Ebenaceæ.
138.
14s.
16s
158. MABA HUMILIS, F. Muell. Ebony. 10 or 15 ft.
MABA FASCICULOSA, F. Muell. Ebony. 25 to 30 ft. 17s. MABA
LAXIFLORA (?), Bentham. 15 or 20 ft.

382
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
Euphorbiaceæ.
188. MALLOTUS TINCTORIUS, F. Muell. 198. MALLOTUS
CLAOXYLOIDES, J. Mull. 12 to 15 ft. 20s. Croton INSULARIS,
Baill. 25 to 30 ft. 218. CRoton ACRONYCHIOIDES, F. Muell.
20 to 25 ft. Yonell, all dh bhab
Loganiaceæ.
ཊྛི ཙྩ ཝ ཙྪཾ
22. STRYCHNOS PSILOSPERMA, F. Muell. Strychnine.
di Celastrineæ.⠀
23s. CELASTRUS DISPERMUS, F. Muell. 15 to 20 ft. 24s.
DENHAMIA OBSCURA, Meissn.
Leguminosæ.
25s. LONCHOCARPUS BLACKII, Benth, Bloody Bark.
Urtices.
26S. FICUS FRASERI, Miq. Fig Tree. 27S. FICUS MACRO-
PHYLLA, Desf. Moreton Bay Fig. 28s. MORUS BRUNONIANA,
Endl. 25 to 30 ft. 29s. EPICARPURUS ORIENTALIS, Blume.
40 to 50 ft.
on
Sapindaceæ.
30s. NEPHELIUM DIVARICATUM, F. Muell. 25 to 30 ft.
31s. NEPHELIUM CONNATUM, F. Muell. 35 to 40 ft. 328.
NEPHELIUM TOMENTOSUM, F. Muell. 338. HARPULLIA
HILLII, F. Muell. Tulip Wood. 40 to 50 ft. 34s. EHRETIA
MEMBRANIFOLIA, R. Br.
Jik jeros ob dilginat
Santalaceæ.
358. SANTALUM LANCEOLATUM, R. Br.
15 to 20 ft.
Casuarineæ.
Sandal Wood.
368. CASUARINA SUBEROSA, Willd. Oak. 40 to 50 ft.

Araliaceæ.
378. PANAX ELEGANS, Moore and Mueller. 30 to 40 ft.
Cornaceæ.
388. MARLEA VITIENSIS, Benth.
Solanaceæ.

398. SOLANUM VERBASCIFOLIUM, L.
10 to 12 ft.
Owing to its vast area, and the diversity of its soil, climate, and altitude, there is a greater variety of
indigenous trees in Queensland than in the rest of the Australian colonies, and perhaps more than could be
found within a similar extent of country in any other part of the world. The specimens of woods exhibited
are from a collection that were easily procured, and were chiefly chosen for their economic value. The list,
however, does not include one-fourth of the species that have already been described, and there are many which
have not yet been classified. Each district of this immense territory is characterised by features in its vegetation
peculiar to itself, and years must elapse before all are known and botanically arranged.
It will be for the practical builder, the shipwright, and the cabinet maker, to pronounce an opinion upon the
utility of the woods represented in the Court; and it is probable that several of them will have a greater
of the woods
value put upon them in America than they receive in Queensland. It appears inseparable from the state of
affairs in a young colony, that very little time or trouble is devoted to experiment, or to the improvement of
existing processes. The same woods that the first settlers made use of are still employed, as a matter of course,
for the same purposes; and timbers, probably of a superior description, are neglected, or used only as firewood.
The value of some descriptions of the Australian Eucalypti for building or railway purposes, has for some
time past of species is greater in Queensland than in other parts of the
been fully recognised; and the numb
continent. The case is the same with other woods, the
is the same with other woods, the variety of which is very great, that are remarkable for
their strength, durability, fineness of grain, or ornamental appearance.
It is impossible to state, at the present period, the price for which all of the Queensland timbers can be
placed in the market, for some of which there is no local demand. The cost, when placed on board ship, will
not, however, be great, as most of our valuable woods grow on the coast or the banks of the rivers, or are
found within reach of the facilities for transport provided by railway communication.
If persons in the trade are prepared to make definite offers for supplies of any of these woods, they are
requested to notify the same to the Queensland Commissioners in the Court. 77
The following articles made from Queensland wood are exhibited:

2 Model Rum Hogsheads.
2 Model Tallow Casks.
2
2 Model Sugar Vats.
Exhibitor, Mr. D. Hume, Brisbane.
8 Axe and Pick handles.
Brisbane.
Exhibitor, Mr. W. Peltigrew,
Exhibitor, Mr. W. Peltigrew,
des. 200uFibres.
PANTAT DELSDOWİZ Cl. 666.
Near the collection of woods are arranged Samples of Fibre,
prepared, from barks of trees of plants indigenous to Queensland,
by Alexander Macpherson, Brisbane. A

PAXARON LEEUPE QUEENSLAND. Anus
383
No. 1. Camersonia echinata.***
擎
​**
2. Sida retusa, Sida rhombifolia.
3. Currygong Heterophyllus.
4. Ficus Macrophylla.
15. Kerandrinia Hookerianana.
6. Arbutilon oxecarphus.
7. Lyonsia reticulata.
8. Hibiscus titiacus.
10. Hibiscus rosa sinensis.
9. Hibiscus mutabilis.
surbifolia.
11. Hibiscus
Macpherson.
Exhibited by Alexander
Another collection of Fibres, prepared by Walter Hill, Esq.,
consist of—
1. Queensland Hemp (Sidia retusa).
2. Queensland Hemp (scutched).
3. Queensland Rope (Sida retusa).
4. Bowstring Hemp (Sanseviera cylindrica).
5. Ceylon Hemp (Sanseviera Zeylanica).
6. Guinea Hemp (Sanseviera Guineerisis).
7. Guinea Hemp (Sanesviera latifolia).
8. Mexican Hemp (Furcroa gigantea).
9. Pete Hemp (Agave Americana).
10. Cuba Hemp (Furcroa Cubensis).
11. Jute Hemp (Corchorus capsularis).
12. Jute and Pete Hemp (Corchorus olstoris).
13. Bengal fibre (Crotalaria uncea).
44. Manilla Hemp (Musa textilis).
15. Plantain Hemp (Musa paradisiaca).
16. Rosella Hemp (Hibiscus sorbifolia).
(Hibiscus mutabilis).
17.
18. Flax (Linum usitatissimum).
Collection of Botanical Specimens, full description attached
to them.
Cl. 652.
Leather.
Collection leather from the Tannery and Curriers' Shops,
Ebikin three miles out of Brisbane, and manufactured from
Colonial hides and skins. They are tanned with the bark of
the Acacia indigenous in Queensland, samples of which can be
found in the wall cases of Division II.
2 sides of Black Grained Kip, 12 lbs.; 1 side of Plain Grained
Kip, 6 lbs.; 1 side of Tweed Grained Kip, 6 lbs. ; 2 sides of
Waxed Grained Kip, 12 lbs.; 5 skins of Kangaroo, Waxed,
3 lbs. ;
1 skin of Kangaroo, Tweed, 14 lbs.; 1 skin of Kangaroo
Plain Grained, 2 lbs.; 1 skin of Wallaby, Black, lb.; 1 skin of
Wallaby, Waxed, lb. ; 2 skins of Goat, Plain Grained, 1 lb. ;
3 skins of Goat, Black, 3 lbs.; 4 Black Grained Basils, 2 Plain
Basils; 1 side of Brown Harness Leather, 16 lbs.; 1 side of
Black Harness Leather, 27 lbs. ; 1 side of Sole Leather, 19 lbs. ;
1 side of Kip, Waxed, 8 lbs.; I side of Black Grained Kip,
Waxed, 14, 16, of
7 lbs.; 1 Calf Skin, Waxed, 14 lbs. Black Grained Kan-
garoo
bo and 1 Flat Grained Kangaroo, 3 lbs. ; 3 Wax Wallaby
Skins, 1 lbs. ; 2 Wallaby Skins dressed with fur on.
arsan masa dei Furred Skins. od 30 maljon. Cl. 652.
1 Kangaroo, 2 ditto, Mauve; 6 Rock Wallaby, 3 Forrest
Wallaby, 1 Scrub Wallaby, 3 Mauve Wallaby, 1 Blue Wallaby,
1 Fox Wallaby, 5 Wallaroos, 1 Paddy Melon, 3 Seal Skins.
Exhibited by T. B. Stephens.
The various Tanneries around Brisbane produce about 450
Hides or 900 Sides of Harness, Sole, and Kip weekly, whilst
in 1871-2 they did not turn out more than 200; a number of
inland Tanneries have also been started since then.
Kangaroo and Wallaby, especially the latter, can be obtained
in great abundance, as the inland districts for 150 miles distant
from Brisbane have been fenced in, and as the aboriginals and
native dogs disappear, the Wallaby multiplies enormously, and
are being killed in thousands to save the grass. As the de-
mand for skins, however, is limited, not many of them, how-
ever, find their way to the Tanneries.
Miscellaneous Exhibits.
1 Case of Butterflies, collected in the Cardwell District.
Exhibited by G. Richland.
Skull, Tusks, and Teeth of Dugong ehibited by John
Ching.
4 dozen bottles of Dugong Oil. Exhibited by John Ching.
Dugong Calf in Spirit. Exhibited by John Ching. T
Sample of Dugong Oil.
Exhibited by Berkley and Taylor.
1 Hunting Saddle Bridle, Breastplate, Martingale, and
Pouch.
1 Trooper's Saddle and Bridle, complete.
1 Stockman's Saddle and Bridle, complete.
1 Pack Saddle with Harness, complete.
Large Pair of Saddle Bags. ©Redewy pá
1 Pair of Leggings.
3 Maps of the Colony.
51 Telegraph Circuit.
2 Maps of Port Curtis District.
1 Geological Map of the Colony.
1 Map of Brisbane.mpg
1 Map of Wide Bay.
2 Maps East and West of Moreton.sho
1 Map of Tin Selections. Plati
1 Squatter's Map.
Books bound at the Government Printing
Office:-
Ornithology of Australia,
Pugh's Almanac.
Sugar Cane, by Angus Mackay.
Simi-tropical Agriculturalist.
Hocking's Gardener.
Floriculture in Queensland.
Salter's Almanac.
Maryboro' Almanac.
Bailey's Ferns.
Cl. 306.
2 Volumes of Newspapers of Queensland to November,
containing "Summary" description of each district.

384
#
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
500 copies of the "Queensland," with summary.
12 copies, Bound Catalogue of Queensland Exhibition,
1875.
1 Case of Almanacs, sent by Mr. Willmett, of Townsville,
Northern Queensland.
Cl. 430.
Photographs.
12 large sized Views in and about Brisbane.
Panoramic Views from Wickham Terrace.
Bowen Terrace.
of Ipswich.
Warwick.
3 Bells, manufactured by Hopwood and Sutton, from Queens
land tin and copper.
pudqen
Packet of Castor Oil Seeds, from R. W. Alexander.
Catalogue of Seeds, by Clarke.
At the extreme ends of the Queensland Court are exhibited :
Hockings.
2 Life-size Photographs of Australian Natives. Exhibitor, And numerous smaller ones.
Richard Daintree. Tydiga
Government.
Exhibited by the Queensland
The Queensland natives are by no means numerous in the unoccupied portions of the country; in the settled
districts they are fast sharing the fate of the American Indian.
SEYCHELLES, ARCHIPELAGO OF.
The island of Rodrigues, the Seychelles Islands, Diego Garcia, and others, are dependencies of the Mauritius.
Rodrigues is situated about 300 miles east of Mauritius. It is 26 miles in length by 12 in breadth. It is
cultivated by colonists from Mauritius. lagd jache
The Seychelles, or Mahé Islands, are situated between the parallels of S. lat. 4° and 5°; the total number of
acres comprised in this group is 50,120; the distance from Mauritius 940 miles. These islands are under the
superintendence of a Chief Civil Commissioner (assisted by a Board of Commissioners) at Mahé, who is
appointed by the Secretary of State, but is subordinate to the Governor of Mauritius, from whom he takes
instructions,
Cl. 600.
Cl. 601.
Cl. 605.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 602
Cl. 623.
Cl. 623.
Cl. 623.
Cl. 665.
Seychelles, Chief Commissioner of.
67 varieties of Seychelles Woods, in vertical
sections of 6 inches each; 7 samples, planks
of superior kinds of woods.
Briard, Mr., Praslin Island. 2 Coco de
Mer Nuts, polished; 3 Coco de Mer Nuts,
rough; 1 Cocoanut, large size.
Bury, Mr. J. Ames. 1 Coco de Mer wood
walking stick, 1 Cocoanut wood stick, 1
dozen of hardwood sticks, 1 plum stick, 1
fancy hardwood stock, 5 fancy sticks.
Briard, Mr. 1 sample of Bark dye, black
Mr.
(Bois de Pomme), and sample of stuff dyed
from same.
Mr. Sylvain. 1 Roll of Sey-
Houareau, Mr.
chelles tobacco.
Madine, Mr. 1 Parcel of Cigars, made from
Seychelles tobacco.
Lemarchand, Mr. 44 lbs. Cacao, 1½ lbs.
Cloves, 11 lbs. Coffee, 1 lb. Vanilla. Ma
Brooks & Dupuy, Messrs. 1 sample
Cotton from Dennis Island.
Briard, Mr. 1 sample of Cotton.
Beyron, Mr. F., 12 pieces, 5 lbs. Hawks-
hill Turtle Shell, 1 young Hawksbill Turtle
Shell, whole. bosoby 195
Cauvin's, Mr., Distillery. 1 sample bottle
Seychelles White Rum.
Nageon, Mr., La Digue Island. 1 sample
bottle of Cocoanut Oil.
T
Bouquet, Miss. 9 Baskets, Fancy, Coco
de Mer (Lodoicea Seychellarum) straw; 3 Hats,
Straw, for girls (Lodoicea Seychellarum); 3
Hats, Straw, for men (Lodoicea Seychellarum),
1 Fancy Basket, Miniature; 1 bundle, 9 Baskets
Coco de Mer (Lodoicea Seychellarum) Straw;
1 Nest 1 dozen Coco de Mer (Lodoicea Sey-
chellarum) Straw; 1 pair Slippers; 2 Cigar
Cases; 1 pair Watch Pockets; 2 Tea Cups
and Saucers; 8 Fans, various patterns; 3 sam-
ples Coco de Mer Straw, plaited; 2 samples
Coco de Mer Straw, rough.
Cavol. Mrs. T
Cayol, Mrs. Tony. 5 Bouquets of Shell
Flowers.
Cl. 665.
Cl. 652.
Cl. 660.
Cl. 662.
Cl.
AÇI. 254.
A
Cl. 254.
emirth dady to pol
W
SEYCHELLES. TASMANIA.
385
TASMANIA.
[Extracted from the Official Report of the Victoria Exhibition, 1875.]
"TASMANIA, the recognised sanatorium of Australia, was undoubtedly formed by nature in her kindliest mood.
The whole island is replete with natural beauties. Mountains frown in majesty on peaceful valleys and
en of the
extensive plains, framed as it were by sinuous rivers, the banks of which form a fit theme for the pen
poet or the pencil of the artist. The prosperity which marked the progress of the colony in the year 1873 has
in no way diminished, and the first half of the year 1874 will bear favourable comparison with the improvement
in the condition of the colony which caused such general satisfaction at the date of the Intercolonial Exhibition.
On the 7th February 1870, the population, according to the census then taken, numbered 99,328 souls, of
whom 52,853 were males, and 46,475 were females. The estimated population on the 31st December 1874
was 104,176, the number of males being 55,117, and the number of females 49,059. The revenue for the year
1874 was 327,9257., and the expenditure 318,2787. The amount expended for public works, roads, bridges,
and railways, inclusive of the expenditure on the Launceston and Western District Railway, amounted during
the year 1874 to 45,4107. The value of imports during the same period was 1,257,785, while that of exports
was 925,3251.
"Education is compulsory, and of a most comprehensive character; there is scarcely any remote district in
which there is no school, and no loophole is allowed to the careless parent to permit him to let his children
drift into ignorance. Numerous industries have been established, and those who were once content to observe
the wool growing on the sheep's back are astonished at seeing how rapidly and beautifully the Hobart Town
and Launceston mills convert the raw material into articles of luxury as well as of domestic consumption.
"The total area of the island of Tasmania is 16,778,000 acres, of which 3,982,003 acres are alienated from
The total
the Crown by grant and sale; 1,348,400 acres are held under depasturing licenses from the Crown.
area under cultivation in the colony is 326,486 acres. Wheat takes first rank in extent and importance,
57,633 acres being allotted to this cereal; barley, 5,129 acres; oats, 32,704 acres. Consequent on the high
duties enforced on agricultural produce by the other Australian Colonies, and the fluctuating state of the inter-
colonial markets, the attention of Tasmanian agriculturists has of late years been turned to the production of
wheat for the English market, and this has become the most important article of strictly agricultural produce.
The export of grain in the year 1874 was valued at 115,7881.
Salubrity and comparative coldness of climate, owing to higher latitude, make Tasmania an excellent
breeding station of stud stock for all the Australian continent, especially as regards animals whose features
of excellence consist in that massiveness of form of muscular development, in the dewy mellowness of skin,
and of that hardy constitution so requisite in the ox, the mutton sheep, and the draught horse. The number
of horses in Tasmania in 1874 was 23,208, cattle 110,450, and sheep 1,714, 168.
"The bulk of the wool produced is Merino. The export of wool during the year 1874 amounted to
love
5,050,920 lbs., which represented a value at this Port of 350,7131.
"The mining industry for many years past was confined to gold and coal, but during the past year tin, iron,
and slate have attracted much attention. The yield of gold for the last twelve months, produced by 185 persons
was-alluvial 850 oz., quartz 3,800 oz. 14 dwt. The quantity of quartz crushed was 3,452 tons. The average
yield per ton of stone was 1 oz. 5 dwt. 8 grs. The average value of gold per ounce was 37. 19s. 6d. for alluvial;
quartz, 37. 19s. 6d. The gold from Nine Mile Springs, where 2,398 ounces were produced, was valued at 47.
an ounce. The total value of the produce of gold for 1874 was 18,4917.
"The mineral which occupied the greatest share of attention was tin; the supply of ore being practically
unlimited-the character at the deposits at Mount Bischoff admitting of no question. The total amount of tin
raised in 1874 was 490 tons, valued at 787, a ton. The only locality in which silver ore has been worked in
Tasmania is Penguin Creek, but at present operations have ceased.

36714.
B B
386
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.COLONIAL SECTION.
"With respect to the iron resources, it is stated that a small parcel of 27½ tons of ore was sent to the
United Kingdom during the 12 months. The quantity raised during the year is set down as 1,400 tons; of
this quantity 1,000 tons were raised at Lempriere, West Tamar, and 400 tons at Lewisham.
"The discovery made since the beginning of the present year of a lode of bismuth is regarded as one of the
most important that has yet taken place, and it is alleged that if the lode should prove permanent it must
become a source of considerable wealth to the colony.
"The island of Tasmania is intersected by many valuable coal measures. At present the output of Tas-
manian coal is not extensive, and the island is mainly supplied from Newcasle, New South Wales, although, for
domestic purposes, Tasmanian coal is used to a considerable extent.
"During the past two years attention has been directed to the slate deposits of Tasmania; the high prices.
ruling for English slates in the colonial markets has induced the Australian Slate Company to commence work
on a fair scale. In 1874 a quarter of a million of slates were prepared for sale at Piper's River.
"At Ilfracombe Bay there is an extensive bed of pure white clay which seems very refractory, and which,
when mixed with fine quartz (also abundant and close at hand) forms an admirable fire brick.
Common clays
are found in all directions, and the iron companies are now manufacturing bricks. Kaolin or porcelain clay is
also found at Circular Head.
"In the West Tamar district limestone quarries have been worked for many years past. There is an
immense mountain of blue limestone, situated about two miles from the township of Latrobe, on the River
Mersey. At the River Don there are very large deposits of pure carbonate of lime, and the eastern districts,
especially Fingal, abound with lime of various kinds and qualities.
"The principal timber trees of Tasmania, such as Blue Gum, Stringy Bark, White Gum, or Gum-topped
Stringy Bark, Swamp Gum, and Peppermint Tree,-furnish a hard close-grained, and strong timber. Huon
Pine is very durable, and is employed for boat-building and for house-fittings, &c. Blackwood makes excellent
billiard tables and furniture, naves and spokes, cask staves, &c. Myrtle is valuable for house-fittings. Swamp
Gum yields the finest palings and other split-stuff in the world. Sassafras affords timber for house-fittings,
bench screws, &c. Celery-topped Pine is chiefly used for masts and ships' spars. In addition to these,
Silver Wattle is used for wood staves and treenails. Mallets, sheaves of blocks, and turnery are manufactured
from Iron Wood, while the Native Cherry is used for tool handles, gun stocks, &c.
for engraving purposes, while Pink Wood and Native Pear are suitable for turnery.
Native Box have both a pleasant odour, that of the latter being fleeting.
White Wood is a fit wood
Tonga Bean Wood and
“Bark is largely exported to England and New Zealand for tanning purposes. The price of ground bark
varies from 41. to 67. per ton at the ports. During the year 1874 about 4,870 tons were exported, valued at
22,1237. Hops also are largely cultivated. In 1874, 819,145 pounds weight were exported, valued
at 42,2841.
"The principal animals are the kangaroo, wallaby, opossums, and bandicoots, the skins of which are all of
avail for tanning purposes, the fur being highly valuable as rugs, &c. The devil and Tasmanian tiger are
formidable beasts, and used to make great havoc amongst the flocks. The tiger is a low long-bodied animal,
with powerful forequarters, and a dog-like head, weighing sometimes from 60 lbs. to 70 lbs. The devil,
though not so large, is more hideous in appearance than the tiger.
"Of birds, 171 species have been observed, but of these only 20 species are supposed to be peculiar to
Tasmania. The notes of many of the birds are very musical, the most remarkable being the reed warbler, the
tones of which approach those of the nightingale, the black and white magpie, and the butcher bird. The
principal edible birds are varieties of quail, duck, snipe, golden plover, and pigeons.mamadas
"There are many species of freshwater fish, the most valuable being the cucumber grayling. Amongst the
estuary fish, those most appreciated as edible are the sole, whiting, gar-fish, and rock-cod. The best of the
deep sea fish are the trumpeter and king-fish. During the last ten years the salmon trout and brown trout, the


TASMANIA.
387
tench and perch, have been established in many of the rivers and lakes. Salmon and salmon trout are supposed
to have succeeded, as young salmonoids have during the last four years been seen.
"The chief industries are brewing, milling, jam making, fellmongering, tanning, and coopering. Most of
the beer is excellent, and is fully appreciated in the other colonies. In 1874 ale to the quantity of 22,900 gallons
was exported. The quantity of jam exported in the same year was 2,648,012 lbs., and 179,762 bushels of fruit
valued together at 120,0277. Tasmanian leather is excellent, all varieties from kip to kangaroo being supplied
of such quality that a great falling-off in the importation of inferior leather from European ports has taken
place ; and in 1874, 15,5137. worth was exported from Hobart Town.
"The exhibits from Tasmania will be found interesting in elucidating the vast natural resources and
industrial progress of the colony." (Extracted from the Official Record.)
There is one remarkable feature distinguishing Tasmania from all other countries, whose statistics have
been compared with hers, which ought not to be passed by unnoticed, namely,-the small mortality among
children, particularly those under one year of age. Taking an average of five years the following results
have been arrived at. Out of 100 infants born, there died within the first year in Tasmania, 945; in
N. S. Wales, 9.57; in Queensland, 1107; in Victoria, 11.86; in S. Australia, 14-24; the number in
England being about 16; in Scotland about 124. The percentage of deaths of children under 5 years was-
Tasmania, 2008; N. S Wales. 42:14; Victoria, 45-50; Queenslamd, 46:33; S. Australia, 54:17. The
proportion of children under 5 who died to 1,000 children of the same age living was-in Victoria
(10 years), about 524; in England and Wales (30 years), about 67; in Tasmania, less than 27. Thus
it appears that the mortality of children under 5 years of age in Tasmania is little more than half that
of the least healthy of the Australian Colonies. It is also considerably under that of New Zealand, which,
as regards the general death rate, is the most healthy of all the Australasian group.(Nowell,
Statistician.)
TASMANIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION AT
PHILADELPHIA.
NOTES.--The letter P before the name signifies a Prizeholder for the same Exhibit in the Victorian Exhibition, 1875.
* This star denotes that the Exhibitor presents the objects to the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia.
Cl. 100.
:
Cl. 101.
DEPARTMENT I.
P. *British and Tasmanian Charcoal
Iron Company (Limited), T. H. Lem-
priere, Manager, 56, Queen Street, Melbourne.
1. Iron Ore from Ilfracombe on the
River Tamar, a block.
2. Earthen Brown Hematite.
3. Iron Ore and Crystallised Brown
Hematite.
4. Oxides of Iron from Anderson's
Creek, Western Tasmania.
Groom, Frederick, Harefield.
5. Coal from Harefield, St. Mary's near
Fingal.
10. Smelted Iron, from Derwent Iron
Works, Hobart Town.
Harrap, A., Launceston.
11. Petrified Wood.
Cl. 101.
J. H. Innes, Hobart Town.
Cl. 100.
12. Tin Ore from Ringarooma and
George's Bay.
Iron Works, West
Cl. 200.
P. *Hematite
Tamar.
13. Pig Iron.
14. Iron Ore, calcined.
15. Iron Ore, uncalcined.

16. Marble Limestone, Blue.
17. Marble Limestone, White.
Cl. 102.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 100.
Cl. 100.
Hammond, W., Hobart Town.
6. Bismuth from Mount Ramsey.
P. Harcourt, James, Hobart Town.
** 7. Samples of Pig Iron. † stay
8. Iron Ore, calcined and uncalcined.
39. Iron Ore, from Bruny Island.
* Hull, Henry Jocelyn, Hobart Town.
18. Tin Ore, from the deposit, George's
Bay.
//
* Just,
Thomas Cook, Journalist,
Charles Street, Launceston.ndiol de
19. Magnetic Iron Ore. VEN
Cl. 100.
BB 2
388
-COLONIAL SECTION.
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.
Cl. 200.
Cl. 102.
Cl. 100.
Cl. 102.
Cl. 100.
Cl. 100.
Cl. 100.
Cl. 200.
4.
Cl. 620.
Cl. 620.
20. Oxide of Iron and Asbestos in Ser-
pentine Rock.
* Kermode, W. A., Mona Vale.
21. Salt, from Saltpan Plains, Mona
Vale estate.
P. * Lyell & Gowan, 46, Elizabeth Street,
Melbourne (Australasian Slate Company,
Limited).
22. Slate from the Piper's River, on the
North-east Coast, in the County of Lewis-
ham, about 15 miles east of George Town.
23. Tin Ore and Ingots, from the Don
Tin Mining Company, Mount Bischoff.
24. Marble Limestone, Black, Blue,
and White, from the River Don.
25. Coal from the River Don.
P. *Mount
Company.
Bischoff Tin Mining
26. Tin in Ingots (a ton), from Mount
Bischoff.
* Rayner, E., Bridgewater.
27. Limestone, with large Fossils.
* Smart, Dr., Hobart Town.
28. Gold in Quartz, from the City of
Hobart Mine Fingal.
P. * Smith, James, Launceston.
29. Bismuth from Mount Ramsey.
* Stanhope Company, Tasmania.
30. Tin Ore.
* Strachan, R., Cambridge.
31. Salt, from Salt Works, Cambridge.
DEPARTMENT II.
P. Archer, W. H. D., Longford.
32. Wheat.
33. English Barley.
34. Linseed.
P. Creswell, C. F., Hobart Town.
35. Wheat (Red Tuscan).
36. Wheat (Golden Drop).
37. Wheat (Farmer's Friend).
38. Wheat (Goldsmiths).
39. English Barley (Malting).
40. Oats (black) (Black Tartarian).
41. Oats (Norway).
42. Oats (Poland).
43. Rye.
44. Tares (Golden Spring).
45. Horse Beans.
46. Grey Peas.
47. Peas (Blue and White).
48. Red Dutch Clover.
49. Meadow Soft Grass Seed.
50. Perennial Red Clover Seed. #bud
51. Sanfoin Seed,
52. Lucerne Seed.
53. Linseed.
54. Canary Seed.
55. Rape Seed.
56. Cocksfoot Grass Seed.
57. Italian Ryegrass Seed.
58. Evergreen Perennial Ryegrass Seed.
59. Seed of the Blue Gum (Eucalyptus
globulus).
60. Seed of the Stringy Bark (Eucalypta
obliqua).
61. Seed of the Blackwood (Acacia
melanoxylon).
62. Forest Trees, 24 Varieties.
63. Ryegrass Seed.
64. Clover Seed (white).
P. Dalgety, Moore & Co., Launceston.
65. Wheat (Brown Velvet).
66. Wheat (Silver Drop).
67. Wheat (Purple Straw).
68. Oats (Tartarian).
69. Oats (Poland).
* Graves, J. W., Hobart Town.
Cl. 624.
Cl. 602.
Cl. 600,
620, 624,
Cl. 620.
P. Gibson, William, Hobart Town.
70. Wheat.
Cl. 620.
Cl. 620.
71. Native Bread (Mylitta Australis).
Gulliver, B., Hobart Town.
Cl. 624.
72. Blue Gum Tree Seed (Eucalyptus
globulus).
73. Blackwood
noxylon).
Seed (Acacia mela-
74. Black Wattle Seed (Acacia mo-
lissima.)
75. Silver Wattle Seed (Acacia
dealbata).
P. Harrap, Alfred, Launceston.
76. Wheat, Boucher's Velvet.
P. Hogarth, D., Launceston.
77. Wheat, Winter (Braemar Velvet.)
P. * Hull, Hugh, M., Hobart Town.
78. Cubes of the following Woods of
Tasmania :-Blue Gum (Eucalyptus globu-
lus); Stringy Bark (Eucalyptus obliqua);
† Huon Pine (Dacydinm Franklinii); Pep-
permint Gum (Eucalyptus viminalis);
† Curly Gum (Eucalyptus); † She-oak
(Casuarina quadrivalis); † He-oak (Casua-
rina stricta); Honeysuckle (Banksia Aus-
tralis); King William Pine; † Oyster Bay
Pine; (Callitries Australis); Swamp Gum
(Eucalyptus); † Myrtle (Fagus Cuning-
hami); † Musk (Eurybia argophylla); Box
(Bursaria); Tea Tree (Leptos-permum).
† Polished so as to show their value for veneers.
Cl. 620.
Cl. 620.
Cl. 600,
601.


2.
389
TASMANIA.
Cl. 620.
Cl. 620.
Cl. 624.
Cl. 623.
Cl. 623.
Cl. 620.
Cl. 657.
Cl. 657.
Cl. 681.
Cl. 603.
Cl. 104.
Cl. 202.
Cl. 104.
Cl. 202.
Cl. 662.
Cl. 603.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
P. * Kemp, George, Upper Bagdad.
79. Wheat (Armstrong's Prolific).
80. Wheat (Lamont's Prolific).
P. Lipscombe, Frederick, Sandy Bay.
81. Seeds of the Blue Gum Tree, 50 lbs.
weight. (Eucalyptus globulus).
P. Sharland, W. C., New Norfolk.
82. Box of Hops, grown at New Norfolk.
P. Shoobridge, Ebeneezer, New Nor-
folk.
83. Box of Hops (Golding), grown at
New Norfolk.
* Thomson, Mrs. John, Cormiston.
84. Native Bread (Mylitta Australis).
P. Degraves, John, Hobart Town.
85. Malt from Tasmanian barley.
P. Gracie, William, Hobart Town.
86. Malt from Tasmanian barley.
DEPARTMENT III.
Anglo-Australian Guano Company.
87. Guano from Bird Island, procured
by a Company whose establishment is in
Hobart Town.
Group 13.
* Edwards. G. W., Hobart Town.
88. Grass-tree Gum (Xanthorhœa), two
samples.
Group 14.
* Coverdale, Dr. John, Port Arthur.
89. Earth for Paints, red ochre.
90. Earth for Paints, red ochre in
powder, from Port Arthur.
91. Pipeclay from Port Arthur.
Laughton, James, Hobart Town.
92. Earth for Paints, umber coloured.
93. Earth for Paints, sienna coloured.
P. * Lunatic Asylum Commissioners
of Tasmania.
94. Oil from the Blue Gum tree
(Eucalyptus globulus).
Mitchell, Mrs.
95. Gum from the Oyster Bay Pine Tree
(Callitris Australis).
DEPARTMENT VI.
Group 17.
P. * Silver Medal to Tasmanian
Commissioners.
*Archer, William Henry Davies,
Brickendon, Longford.
96. Fleece of Pure Merino Lamb's Wool,
hot water washed.
97. Fleece of Pure Merino, ditto.
98. Fleece of Pure Merino Ewe, ditto.
99. Fleece of Wool in the grease.
* Brock,
Campania.
99a. Fleece of Pure Merino, which took
the first prize at the Richmond Show.
* Cameron, the Honorable Donald,
Burnside and Fordon.
100. Fleece of Pure Merino.
101. Fleece of Pure Merino.
102. Fleece of Pure Merino.
* Gibson, James, Belle Vue, Cleveland.
103. Portrait of "Sir Thomas." Pure
Merino Ram.
104. Fleece of Pure Merino Ram, in
grease, 365 days' growth.
105. Fleece of Pure Merino Ewe, in
grease, 365 days' growth.
106. Fleece of Pure Merino Lamb,
about four months' growth.
NOTE.-Mr. Gibson is the breeder of "Sir
Thomas," a Ram which was sold
in Melbourne for 7141.
* Gibson, William, & Son, Scone, Perth.
107. Fleece of Prize Merino Ram "The
Duke" (in the grease).
108. Fleece of Pure Merino Ewe (in the
grease).
109. Fleece of Pure Merino Ewe
(washed).
110. Fleece of Pure Merino Hoggett
(washed).
111 & 112. Portraits of "The Duke,"
a Prize Ram, and other Prize Merino Sheep;
photograph by W. Gibson, jun.
*
Gibson, William Henry, Fairfield,
Snake Banks.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
113. Fleece of Pure Merino Ram, 2-tooth.
114. Fleece of Pure Merino Ewe, 2-tooth.
* Headlam, Charles, Egleston, Macquarie
River.
Cl. 667.
115. Fleece of Pure Merino.
116. Fleece of Pure Merino.
117. Fleece of Pure Merino.
* Keach, George William, Chiswick,
Ross.

Cl. 667.
22364
118. Fleece of four-year old Ram, 364
days' growth; weight of fleece, 9 lbs.
combing Merino (in the grease).
119. Fleece of two-year old Ewe, 364
days' growth; weight of fleece, 8 lbs. when
shorn; slightly skirted owing to scour;
combing Merino (in the grease).

390
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.COLONIAL SECTION.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
* Maclanachan,
James, Ballochmyle.
the Honourable
120. Fleece of Pure Merino Ram, in the
grease, 11 lbs. weight.
121. Fleece of Pure Merino Ram, in the
grease, 10 lbs. ditto.
122. Fleece of Pure Merino Ram, in the
grease, 10 lbs. ditto.
* Parramore, Thomas, Beaufort, Ross.
123. Fleece of Pure Merino Ram (in
grease), 14 months old.
124. Fleece of Pure Merino Ewe (warm
water washed), 24 years old.
125. Two Fleeces of Pure Merino Ewes
(warm water washed).
126. Bale of 50 lbs. weight of Wool.
Lindley, George Wm., Runnymede,
Richmond.
127. Fleece of Leicester Wool.
* Shaw, Frederick, Redbanks, Swansea.
128. Fleece of Leicester Wool.
* Sharland, William Stanley, Wood-
bridge, New Norfolk.
129. Fleece of Pure Merino.
130. ditto.
ditto.
* Page, Samuel, Belle Vue, New Town.
131. Fleece of Pure Merino, hot water
washed.
ditto.
132.
133.
ditto.
ditto.
ditto.
Cl. 667,
* Taylor, George, Milford, Campbell Town.
134. Fleece from Stud Merino Ram.
135.
ditto.
ditto.
136.
ditto.
ditto.
137. ditto.
ditto.
138. ditto.
ditto.
139. ditto.
ditto.
Cl. 667.
Cl. 667.
140. Two Fleeces from Breeding Ewes.
141. ditto.
ditto.
Taylor, John, Winton, Campbell Town.
142. Bale of Wool from yearling Merino
Ewes, washed and skirted.
143. Fleece of yearling Merino Ewe,
washed and skirted.
144.
145.
fgeditto.
ditto.
ditto.
ditto.
(The bale of Wool to be forwarded after
exhibition to Messrs. H. G. Ashurst & Co.,
Fenchurch Street, London.)
* Taylor, David, St. Johnstone's, Mac-
quarie River.
146. Fleece of pure Merino, in the grease.
ditto.
147.
148.
ditto.
ditto.
ditto.
150. ditto.
151. ditto.
Wilson, George, Huntsworth and Ash-
Cl. 667.
grove, Oatlands.
149. Fleece of pure Merino.
ditto.
ditto.
Cl. 667.
152. Fleece of pure Merino.
153. ditto.
ditto.
154. ditto.
ditto.
ditto.
Ralston, John, Logan, Evandale.
155. ditto.
DEPARTMENT VIII.
Group 20.
* Coverdale, Dr. John, Port Arthur.
156. Gelatinous Sea-weed, said to pro-
duce a valuable jelly for the table.
157. Jelly made from the Sea-weed.
P. Davies, R. H., Torquay.
158. Tasmanian Shells:-Haliotis albi-
cans, Quoy, Voy, of Astrolabe III., p. 311;
Haliotis novosa, Martyn; Cassis semi-
Cassis
granosa, Lamk. ;
pyrum, Lamk.;
Voluta fusiformis, Sw.; Voluta undulata,
Lamk.; Dosinia grata, Reeve; Pupura tex-
tilosa, Lamk.; Fusus pyrulatus, Reeve;
Fusus Tasmaniensis, Ad. and Aug., Proc.
Zool. Soc., 1863, p. 421; Fusus Beckii (?),
Reeve, Icon. VIII., 35; Natica Strangei (?)
Reeve; Natica conica, Lamk.; Sigaretus
zonalis, Gray; Fissurella macrochisma,
Gray; Fissurella scurella, Gray; Modiola
albicostata, Lamk.; Modiola Australis,
Lamk.; Triton cutaceus, Lamk.; Triton
subdistortus, Lamk.; Triton Barthélemyi,
Bernard; Phasianella Australis, Gmelin ;
Phasianella ventricosa, Quoy and Gamard;
Fasiolaria fusiformis, Phil.; Fasiolaria
coronata, Lamk.; Nerita atrata, Lamk.;
Lophyrus Australis, Sowerby; Lepido-
pleurus variegatus, Ad. and Aug., Proc.
Zool. Soc., 1864; Mitra glabra, Swains,
Exot. Conch., p. 21; Patella tramoserica.
Martyn; Patella costata, Sowerby; Patella
sp.; Patella Gealii; Ancillaria marginata,
Lamk.; Emarginula Australis, Quoy; Zi-
zyphinus armillatus, Wood; Myrtilus Men-
keanus; Mactra rufescens, Lamk.; Conus
Novæ Hollandiæ, A. Adams; Waldheimia
Australis, Quoy; Risella melanostoma,
Gmelin; Risella aurata, Quoy, Voy. Astro-
nana, Lamk.; Turritella Tas-
labe; Risella
manica; Chitonellus Gunnii, Reeve; Sto-
matella imbricata, Lamk.; Scalaria granu-
losa, Sowerby; Amphibolina fragilis, Lamk.;
Cl. 650,
656.
Cl. 645.




TASMANIA.
391
Cl. 641.
Cl. €52.
Cl. 652.
Uvanilla squamifera, Koch in Phil. Abbild.,
p. 4, f. 9; Bittium granarium, Kiener;
Diloma Odontis, Woods; Cypræa angustata,
Gray; Cypræa Comptoni, Gray; Siliquaria
Australis, Quoy; Marginella muscaria;
Mesodesma triquetra, Reeve; Mesodesma
erycina, Dsh.; Mesodesma natida; Turbo
undulatus, Chem.; Arca velata, Sow., Proc.
Zool. Soc., 1833; Vulsella Tasmanica,
Reeve; Eleuchus nitidus, Phil.; Eleuchus
irrisodontes, Quoy; Siphonaria denticula,
Quoy; Liittorina unifasciata, Gray; Nassa
Pauperata, Lamk.; Venerufris carditoides,
Lamk.; Venerufris Diemensis; Semele sp.;
Murex triformis ; Vermetus dentiferus,
Quoy ; Tellina albida,Lamk.; Trochocochlea
striolata, Wood; Buccinum alveolatum,
Kiener; Parmophorus Australis, Lamk.;
Clanculus undatus, Montfort; Sanguinolaria
livide; Auricula cornea, Swainson; Tapes
sp.; Venus aphrodinoides; Venus gallinula,
Lamk.; Venus roborata; Venus aphrodi-
noides, vara.: Venus lamellata, Lamk.
Venus gallinula var. a.
(These Shells were named and arranged by
the Rev. Julian Woods, M.A., and Mr. Le
Grand.)
P. * Salmon Commissioners of Tas.
mania.
159. Brown Trout, in spirits of wine.
DEPARTMENT IX.
P. Tasmanian Commissioners.
160. One large Black Opossum, Rug,
made by Omant; one ditto, made by
Schmidt; one large Grey Opossum Rug,
made by Omant, one ditto, made by
Schmidt; Grey Native Cat-skin Rug, made
by Schmidt; Ringtailed Opossum Rug,
made by Omant; Skins of the Kangaroo ;
Skins of the Wallaby; Skins of the Grey
Opossum; Skins of the Black Opossum ;
Skins of the Wombat; Tiger Skins; Seal
Skin; Skins of Albatross, Pelican, and
Penguin; Skins of Platypus, Ringtail
Opossum, Tiger Cat, Native Cat, Kangaroo
Rat.
Archer, W. H.D., Longford.
161. Large Forester Kangaroo skins (6);
small Forester Kangaroo skins (6); Wallaby
skins (2); Rock Opossum skins (3); Bush
Rat skins (3); Tiger skins (3); Platypus
skins (5); Penguin skins (6); Grebe skins
(3); Flying Squirrel skins (3); Sea Hawk
skin (1); Pelican skins (3); Wombat skins
(2); Devil skins (2); Kangaroo Rat skins
(2); Bandicoot skin (1); *one cream-
coloured Opossum (stuffed); *one Platypus
(stuffed).
*These two Exhibits are presented by the
exhibitor to the Academy of Natural Sciences,
Philadelphia.
Group 22.
P. Holroyd, Kennedy & Co., Hobart
Town.
162. Jams and Tart Fruits (5 cases).
DEPARTMENT XIII.
Group 34.
P. Carlsen, P. O., Port Arthur.
163. Carved Ivory and Wood Egg and
Cruet Stand.
DEPARTMENT IV.
Group 36.
P. Coverdale, Dr., Port Arthur.
164. Spinning Jenny, made of Tasmanian
Myrtle, carved and made by P. O. Carlsen.
P. Blyth, Miss, Hobart Town.
165. Ornamental Table Top, with wreath
of Tasmanian flowers painted on top.
P. Hope, Miss Mary, Hobart Town.
166. Ornamental Table, with wreath of
Tasmanian flowers painted on top.
P. Graves, Mrs. John Woodcock.
167. Table top, with Tasmanian Ferns.
DEPARTMENT XVIII.
Group 49.
P.* Moir, Joseph, & Co.
168. Assortment (19 sizes) of Shot,
made at Queenborough Shot Tower.
DEPARTMENT XXII.
Group 60.
* Hull, Hugh M., Hobart Town.
169. "Hull's Hints to Emigrants," ?
copies, from the Author.
Cl. 656.
Cl. 218.
Cl. 219.
Cl. 219.
Cl. 219.
Cl. 219.
Cl. 269.
Cl. 306.
200

* Tasmania, Commissioners of. A VA Cl. 306,
170. Newspapers, 1,000 copies of " Merk sift Oval
cury" 50 copies of "Christian Witness."”) salt n0
171. Volume of Statistics, from the
Government Statistician.
SAR); Black Opossum skins (10) ; Para
Grey Opossum skins (10); Black Native
Cat skins (6); Tiger Cat skins (8); Grey
rumendil de k Native Cat skins (4); Ring-tailed Opossum
Cl. 304.

zo didto namo
172. Volume of Legislative Council
Journals for Session 1874, from Clerk of
the Council.
bingle spiał ondualetiqën "hy
392
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. COLONIAL SECTION.
Cl. 306.
Cl. 300,
301.
Cl. 300,
301.
Cl. 300,
301.
Cl. 300,
301.
Cl. 300,
301.
Cl. 300,
301.
Cl. 300,
301.
Cl. 300,
301.
174.
1173. Volume of the House of Assembly
Journals for 1874, from Clerk of the House.
* Walch & Sons, Hobart Town.
Guide to Tasmania."
"Walch's Tasmanian Almanac for
1875," from the Publishers.
Group 61.
* Cemetery Commissioners of Hobart
Town.
175. Chart of the General Cemetery,
Hobart Town.
* Hull, Hugh M., Hobart Town.
176. Map of Tasmania, showing the
alienated portions, the railways and roads,
towns and villages.
* Moore, Hon. William, Minister of
Lands, Hobart Town.
177. Map of Tasmania, showing the gold,
coal, iron, and tin deposits.
* Walch & Sons, Hobart Town.
178. Chart of the City of Hobart Town,
showing the electoral divisions.
179. Chart of the Town of Launceston,
showing the electoral divisions.
Group 66.
*Royal Society of Tasmania.
180. Meteorological Tables, published
by the Society for 30 years.
Walch & Sons, Hobart Town.
181. Tasmanian Postage Stamps.
Group 82.
Hull, Mrs. Hugh, Hobart Town.
182. Pencil Drawing, "Avoca, in Tas-
mania, by Moonlight."
Group 83.
* Randall, A., C.E., Engineer to the
Hobart Town Waterworks, Hobart Town.
183. Chart of the Hobart Town Water-
works.
Cl. 300,
301.
*Dibbs, T. F., Launceston.
184. Chart of Launceston.
Group 84.
P. Baily, H. H., Hobart Town.
185. Photographic Rembrandt Portraits.
186. Photographic Portrait Album.
187. Tasmanian Views, 2 books.
* Corporations of Hobart Town and
Launceston.
188 & 189. Plates of Photographic
Views of the City of Hobart Town and of
the Town of Launceston.
Hull, Hugh M., Hobart Town.
190. Portrait of last Tasmanian Abo-
riginal Man, "Billey Lanney," photographed
from life by Charles Woolley. Framed
in musk wood.
191. Portraits of Aboriginal Women,
Wapperty," and "Patty." Photographed
from life by Charles Woolley. Framed in
she-oak wood.
192. Portraits, "Lalla Rookh," the sole
survivor of the Tasmanian Aborigines, and
Bessy Clarke." Photographed from life
by Charles Woolley. Framed in myrtle
wood.
Tondeur & Lempriere, Melbourne.
193. Photographs of the British and
Tasmanian Charcoal Iron Company (Li-
mited), Tasmania.
DEPARTMENT XXVI.
Group 88.
* Tasmania, Commissioners of.
194. Statistical Tables of Tasmania,
1870-74.
TRINIDAD
Cl. 430.
Cl. 430.
Cl. 430.
Cl. 430.
Cl. 304.
Is an island lying to the eastward of Venezuela, between N. latitude 10° 3′ and 10° 50′ W. longitude 61°
and 62° 4′ of Greenwich. Its length is 65 miles on the southern and 53 miles on the northern side of the island,
and its breadth, on the eastern and western sides respectively, 48 and 49 miles. It is separated from the
continent of America by the Gulf of Paria, into which fall the northern mouths of the Orinoco. It was first
discovered by Christopher Columbus, on the 31st July 1498, and first colonized in 1588 by the Spaniards. In
1676 the French gained possession of it, but it was soon restored to Spain.
On the 12th February 1797, a British expedition for the reduction of Trinidad sailed from Martinique, on
the 14th it put into Carriacou, and sailed on the following morning with some additional transports. The naval
command of this expedition was entrusted to Rear-Admiral Henry Harvey. The troops, numbering 6,750 men,
were commanded by Sir Ralph Abercrombie.
The expedition resulted in the surrender of the island to His Majesty's arms, and on the 18th February
1797, the articles of capitulation being signed by Abercrombie, Harvey, and Chacon.

TRINIDAD.
393
Abercrombie, after making the best arrangements that the confused state of the colony allowed, departed two
months after, leaving his aide-de-camp, Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Picton, as governor, whose first act was to
institute a council of advice, consisting of five members.
On the 29th March, 1802, the definite treaty of peace between England and France, and her allies, viz. Spain
and the Batavian Republic, was signed at Amiens. By the third article, all places taken during the war by
Great Britain, were restored save Trinidad, and Ceylon.
The area of the island is 1,754 square miles.
Port of Spain, the chief town and port of entry, according to the census of 1871, contains 23,561 inhabitants,
of whom 11,065 are males, and 12,496 females.
The second town and port of entry is San Fernando, 26 miles south from port of Spain, with a population of
5,006 inhabitants. There are also the minor island towns of St. John, St. Joseph, Aronca, and Arima.
The harbour is the finest in the West Indies.
Revenue.
L
Expenditure.
£
Value of Imports and Exports.
1850
88,084
77,362
£
£
1860
184,861
187,220
1850
476,010
319,394
1864
207,473
193,156
1860
829,304
714,603
.1865
194,087
195,991
1864
883,940
1,101,510
1866
226,218
203,428
1865
810,347
820,109
1867
215,812
214,715
1866
878,157
1,022,338
1868
214,484
199,112
1867
859,389
1,086,901
1869
244,055
234,791
1868
987,796
1,116,198
1870
233,585
241,148
1869
920,607
1,118,695
1871
264,352
234,175
1870
- 1,042,678
1,227,574
1872
296,060
285,384
1871
- 1,218,024
1,492,811
1873
281,570
326,282
1872
- 1,233,771
1,439,904
1874
276,529
294,006
1873
- 1,324,432
1,733,615
1874
- 1,342,992
1,412,260
Public Debt of Trinidad.
100,0007. for railways.
47,5507. secured on general revenue, but recoverable
by the Colony from other parties.
Finlayson, Thos. A., Esq. Crude Asphalte, as taken
from the Pitch Lake, Trinidad (1 box). Boiled Asphalte,
known in commerce as Asphalte Epurée (1 box). Glance
Asphalte, similar to Bitumen Indiacum, and commercially
known as Greek Pitch (1 box).
Population, Census 1871, 109,638.
(From "Colonial Office List, 1876.")
André, L. A. F., Esq. Surface Coals from the Eastern
coast.

Cumming, A., & Co., Port of Spain. Cocoanuts (2 bags).
Cl. 600, 601.
Prestoe, Hy., Esq., Government Botanist. Samples of Native Woods (57), as follow:---
Bitiv
Common Names.
Botanical Names.
Specific
Gravity.
Average Diameter of Trunk
of Full Grown Trees.
No. 1A
Swamp Mahoe
", 2 White Savonette
>>
Aaaa+
2A
Yellow do.
Locust or Courbaril
Mora
Guatemare
5
6
Purple heart
Saman
Pterocarpus Rohrii, V.
* 524
2
2 feet 6 inches.
Lonchocarpus latifolius, Kth.
violaceus, Kth.
⚫720
1 foot 6
Hymenea courbaril, L.
Myrospermum frutescens, Jacq.
⚫929
5 feet.
⚫980
2
Mora excelsa, Benth.
Prioria, Sp.
Inga saman, Willd.
1.029
5
1 foot 6 inches.
6 feet.
394
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
Cl. 600, 601.

Common Names.
Botanical Names.
Specific
Gravity.
Average Diameter of Trunk
of Full Grown Trees.
No. 8
Logwood
9
Queen-wood
10
Angéline
11
Stink-wood
12
Cassia
13
Yoke
14
141
Balata
15
Star-apple
16
Sapodilla
Lette
物
​17
>>
18
19
20
21A
21B
Galba
Mammee Sapote
Cedar
Carap or Crapaud
Mahogany
**
ates
**
22
Black Poui
23
Yellow Poui
Altfe
24
Chair-wood
25
26
Lezard, or Fiddle-wood
Fiddle-wood
www
Hematoxylon campeachianum
Bauhinia ungula, Jacq.
*992
1 foot.
жжёны
* 940
1
Andira inermis, Kth.
Acacia tortuosa, Willd.
-748
3 feet.
Mammea Americana, L.
Do. White
26A
» 27
28 وو
29
30
31A
31B
32
33
34
35
36
,, 37
"38
Teak (East Indian)
Tapana
Mahoe
Almond (Tropical)
Mangrove, Red
Do.
,, 39
Lechero
Olivier, or Olive-wood
Pimento
Caruto
Fustic, or Dye-wood
Laurier Cannelle, A. B. & c.
Do. Blane
White Cypre
Black Cypre
Cork-wood
Podocarpus
Guatecare
Gu
Do.
Do.
40
1,341
418
42
43
44 A
44B
44C
45
Cucumber Calabash
46
Calabash
47
Gasparee
48
Soap-berry
49**
Guava
50
Incense-wood
51
Wild Grigri
525 Pirajo
53
54
Mountain Cabbage
Palma-real
55 Lancewood
56
57
Acoma
Cordia sulcata, D. C.
gerascanthus, D. C.
Ochroma lagopus, Sn.
Podocarpus salicifolius, Kl.
Lecythis idatimon.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM Delevifoli, Grise
Gustavia augusta, L.
Crescentia cucurbitina, L.
cujete, L.
Esenbeckia attenuata, Grise
Sapindus saponaria, L.
Psidium Guava, L.
Amyris trinitatis
Bactris cuesa, Creng.
Guilielmia speciosa, Mart.
Euterpe oleracea, Mart.
Enocarpus Batava, Mart.
Rollinia Sieberi, A.D.C.
Licania, Sp.
Sideroxylon mastichodron, Jacq.
Jacaranda felicifolia
www
Cassia spectabilis, D.C.
Piptadenia peregrina, Benth.
Mimusops globosa, Gært.
Chrysophyllum cainito, Q.
Achras sapota, L.
Calophyllum calaba, Jacq.
Cedrela odorata, L.
Carapa guianensis, Aubl.
Sweitenia Mahogani, L.
Tecoma serratifolia, Don.
spectabilis, Pl.
leucoxylon, Mart.
Vitex divaricata, Su.
Citharexylon quadrangulare
Tectona grandis, L.
Drypetes, Sp.
Sterculia caribæa, R. Br.
Terminalia Catappa
***
慈​瀚
​* 684
1 foot.
2 feet.
1.229
3
**
1.046
4
>>
*889
1 foot 6 inches.
2 feet.
*655
4
**
*879
2
* 474
4
*689
3
.806
3
*
www
1.215
3 feet.
2
Hoje
2 feet 6 inches.
⚫766
3
* 733
* 652
3
1 foot 6 inches.
2 feet.
*773
3 feet.
*516
jessék
2 feet 6 inches.
.699
2 feet.
Rhizophora Mangle, L.
stoves
1.028
2
Ditto
Laguncularia racemosa, Sa.-Grise
* 860
Sapium aucuparium, Jacq.
.489
1 foot.
Chuncoa obovata, Poir
.775
4 feet.
Myrcia acris, var pimentoides, Grise.
⚫990
1 foot.
Genipa Americana, L. -
.873
1 foot 6 inches.
Maclura Xanthoxylon, Endl.
.711
2 feet.
Oreodaphne strumosa
*515
1 foot 6 inches.
leucoxylon, Gr.
487
1
6
*580
2 feet.
574
2
• 120
2
⚫643
3
⚫899
3
3
1 foot 6 inches.
1 foot.
• 624
1
1.106
6 inches
2
.720
3 feet.
696
1 foot.
2 feet.
.918
je
1 foot.
1.003
1 foot 6 inches.
DW audaét. A

蓉
​Cl. 600, 601.
DE TRINIDAD.
Devenish, Syl., Esq., Surveyor General. Samples of Woods,* (235), as follows
395*
O A O 1 H
No. of
Order.
English.
Acacia
2
Acoma or Mastic
3
Allspice or Pimento
4
Angelin
5
Balata or Bullet tree
6 Balsam Capivi
7
CO
8
Blood-wood
9
10
11
Bread-fruit
12
Crapo -
13
Calabash
13A Wild Calabash
14 Caracas tree
Cedar
Cocoanut
Fustic -
15
16
17
Cyp
18
19
Galba
20
21
Genipa
22
*
Gasparillo
**
院
​Common Names.
French.
Spanish.
Acacia
Aroma
Acoma
Acoma
Bois d'inde
Pimientillo
Angelin
Lombricero
Balata -
Purgo -
Copahu
Bois Côtelette
Bois pois blanc
Bois gris
Bois sang
Crapo
Calebassier
*
***
www
#
www
Palo de Aceite
C. de Burro
Case
Lacre
Pan del ano
zimida
Carapo
Totumo
wwx
Totumo del Monte
Zaman
Cedro
Coco
Pardillo
Palo Naranjo
Palo Maria
Gasparillo
Gommier
23 Governor's plum
Arbre à pain
Calebassier Sauvage
Zaman
Acajou
Cocotier
Cyp
Bois d'Orange-
Galba
Gasparil
Genipa
Gommier
Prunier Gouverneur
Chaconia ou Cacoa
Marron.
Guatecare
Bois pois noir
Caruto
Carano
Guacamaya
Guatecaro
Guayava
Palo de rosa
Jovo
Laurel -
Idem
*
Gateado
Guayacan
Limon
Goyavier
Mombin
Laurier
24
25
Guatecare
26
Guava
27
Hickory (Trinidad)
28
Hogplum
29
Laurel -
30
Laurel cyp
Laurier Cyp
31
Letter, or Leopard wood
Gatia
32
Lignum Vitæ
Gaiae
33
Lime tree
34
Locust -
35
Logwood
36
37
Mammee Apple
38
Manchineel
39
Mangrove (button)
40 Monkey Balata
Monkey Bones
Moussara or Breadnut -
41
42
Mora
43
44
Murraya
45
Satin-wood
chaapale
46
Olivier
Citronnier
Coubaril
Campêche
Macata
Abricotier
Mancenilier
Mangle roche
Balata Macaque
Os Macaque
Mora
Moussara
Murraya
100
Noyer
Olivier
Twit
*
y
Algarrobo
Campêche
Cascabelillo
Mamey
Manzanillo
આ
ww
1
Mangle botoncillo
Purgo Macho
Muro
Musara
Citronera
Nogal
Aceitunillo
Scientific Names.
Families.

Acacia Farnesiana
Mimusops sp.
Pimenta Vulgaris
Andira inermis
Achras balata vel mimu-
sops Globosa.
Copaifera officinalis
Citharexylon quadrangu-
lare.
Mimoseæ.
Sapotaceæ.
Myrtaceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Sapotaceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Verbenaceae,
Swartzia pinnata vel cy- Leguminosa.
nometra cauliflora.
Licania incana
Kip
Vismia Cayennensis
Effective
Artocarpus incisa†
Carapa Guianensis
Crescentia Cujete
Crescentia latifolia
Calliandra Zaman†
Cedrela odorata
Cocos nucifera
¿
świe
Cordia gerascanthus
Maclura Xanthoxylon
Calophyllum Calaba
Esenbeckia castanocarpa
Ve
Genipa Americana
Icica carana
Flacourtia Ramontchit
Warsceviczia Coccinea
**
我​想
​V. calicophyllum Coccinea
Lecythis idatimon
Psidium pyriferum
Brownea Coccinea
Spondias Monbin
Laurus
Brosimun Guianensis
Guaïacum Officinale
Citrus Limonum -
Hymenæe Courbaril
Hæmotoxylon Campechia-
num.
Poinsettia Pulcherrima
Mammea Americana
Hippomane Mancinella
Conocarpus erecta
Connarus
Mora Excelsa
Brosimum Alicastrum
Murraya exotica ·
Xanthoxylum sp.
Chuncoa obovata
*Including a few not indigenous, but thriving well in the island.
Chrysobolaneæ.
Hypericaceæ.
Artocarpeæ.
Meliaceæ.
Crescenticex.
Id.
Leguminoseæ.
Cedrelaceæ.
Pelmaceæ.
Cordiaceæ.
Urticaces,
Clusiaceæ.
Diosmeæ.
Rubiaceæ.
Terebinthaceæ.
Flacourtiaceæ.
Rubiacere.
Lecythidaceae.
Myrtaceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Terebinthaceæ.
Laurineæ.
Id.
Artocarpeæ.
Xanthoxyleæ.
Aurantiaceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Id.
Tag Id.
Clusiaceæ.
Euphorbiaceæ.
- Combretaceæ.
Sapotaceæ.
- Myrtaceæ.
Leguminoseæ,
Urticaceæ.
Aurantiaceæ.
Terebinthacer.
Combretaceæ.
† Not indigenous.
396
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION,-COLONIAL SECTION.
Cl. 600, 601.

No. of
Order.
Common Names.
Scientific Names.
Families.
47
48
Pouï (black)
49
Purdle heart
50
Red Mangrove
51
Red-wood
Bois rouge
52
Roble -
Roble
53
Sapodilla
54
Savana Yoke
55
56
Sea-side grape
57
58
Tamarind
59 Tapana
60
33
61
62 Wild Tamarind
lino.
3398
63
White Mangrove
64
Yoke
Mangle Blanc -
Yoke
Mangle Blanco
Yopo
65
Cashew tree
66
Yellow Sanders
Pommier d'Acajou
L'Epineux
Merey -
English.
Savonette (yellow)
Pouï
Sapater
French.
Mangle rouge
Sapotillier
Yoke Savane
Savonnette jaune
Raisinier du bord de Mer
Surette des Grands Bois
Tamarinier
Tapana
Tendre à Caillou
Mahaut de Londres
Bois Mulâtre
Pata de Vaca
Puï
Zapatero
Spanish.
Bauhinia grandiflora
Tecoma serratifolia
Peltogyne paniculata
Leguminosa.
Bignoniacea.
Leguminoseæ.
Rhizophora Mangle
Trichilia Moschoxylon
Platymiscium
Mangle Colorado
Cabimbo
Roble
Nispero
Vapo da Savana
Conure
Uva de playa
Mureche à mantequero
Tamarindo
Tapanare
Charo
Palo Mulato, ò clavel-
chium.
Achras Sapota
Rhizophoraceæ.
Meliaceæ.
polista- Leguminose.
Piptadenia peregrina
Lonchocarpus latifolia
Coccoloba Uvifera
Byrsonima spicata
Tamarindus indica
Stillaginella
Mimosa lithoxylum vel Pi-
thecolobium filicifolium.
Thespesia populnea
Pentaclethra Filamentosa
Laguncularia racemosa
Astronium obliquum
Anacardium occidentale
Mapurito Espina de Xanthoxylum clava Here-
Sapotaceæ,
Mimosex.
Leguminoseæ.
Polygonacea.
Malpighiacea.
Leguminoseæ.
Euphorbiacceæ.
Mimoseæ.
Malvaceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Verbenaceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Anacardiaceæ.
Xanthoxylaceæ.
bobo.
culis.
67
Surinam, or Cayenne Cerisier de Cayenne
Eugenia Mitchelli
Myrtaceæ.
Cherry.
68
Mango tree
Mangotier
Mango
Mangifera indica
Terbinthacea.
Jacaranda cerulea
vel
Bigniacex.
69
felicifolia.*
70
Guatamare
Guatamare
Myrospermum frutescens
Leguminosex.
71
Guenepe
Guenepe
Maco
Melicocca Bijuga
Sapindaceæ.
72
Avocado pear
Aguacate
Persea gratissima
Laurineæ.
73
Wild Angelin
Lombricero del Monte
Diplotropis brachypetala
Leguminoseæ.
74 Scotch friend
Mammee sapote
Matapalo
Ficus
Artocarpeæ.
Akeesia (Blighia sapida)*
Sapindaceæ.
Lucuma Mammosa
Sapotaceæ.
Avocatier
Angelin de Grand Bois
Matapalo,
Ris de Veau Vegetal
Sapote
Quassia
Feuille rude
Dois Sang
Sablier blanc
Contrevent
Frangipanier
Cassier puant
Quashy-quasha
Pommier Malaque
Mamey Colorado
Chaparro
Palo de Sangre
Javillo Blanco
Aleluya
75
Akee
76
77
Bitter ash
脉
​78
Rough leaf
79
Blood-wood
80
Sandbox (white)
81
Contrevent
82
Frangipani
83
Cassia (long)
84
85
Mallacca apple
86
Pandanus
87
Bermuda Cedar
88
Fiddle-wood
Bois lézard
Totumo Guaray
89
Grugru
Grougroup ca
Corozo
90
Pois dux
Pois doux
Guámo
91
Mabolo
Mabolo mod
Mábolo
92
93
White-wood
Poirier de la Martinique
Roble blanco
94
Boia Canari
Cauto
95 Royoc -
Royoc -
Royoc -
Pandane
Cèdre des Bermudes
*Not indigenous.
Quassia Amara
Curatella Americana
Croton gossypifolium
Hura Crepitans
Lucuma multiflora
Plumieria
Cassia brasiliensis
Thevetia neriifolia
Eugenia Malaccensis
Pandanus candelabrum
Juniperus Bermudiana
Vitex Capitata
Acrocomia sclerocarpa
Inga vera
Diospyros Mabolo
Pisonia, sp.
Tecoma pentaphylla
Hirtella silicea
Morinda
Simarubaceæ.
Dilleniaceæ.
Euphorbiaceæ.
Id.
Sapotaceæ.
Apocynaceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Apocynaceæ.
Myrtacea.
Pandanaceæ.
Conifereæ.
Verbenaceæ.
Palmaceæ.
Mimosaceæ.
Ebenaceæ.
Nyctagina.
Bignoniaceæ.
Chrysobolaneæ.
Rubiaceæ.

...
397
TRINIDAD.
འི 1 སྤོན ག རྒྱ པཎཾ མི
Cl. 600, 601.
ANNAMALAI PANNAN. jayany gaming taon a maturant ce q
Common Names.
好
​No. of
Order.
Scientific Names.
Families.
96
Beef-wood
97
Grugru
98
Incense tree
99
Star Apple
English.
French.
Aguatapana
Grugru
Bois d'encens
Caïmitier
Aguatapana
Corozo
Curucay
Spanish.
Rhopala Montana Trini-
tensis.
Astrocaryum
Icica
heptaphylla
Amyris.
Proteaceæ.
Palmaceæ.
vel | Amyrideæ.
100
101
Noyau
Noyau -
102
103
Black Mangrove
104
105
106
Sea-side almond
Amandier du bord de
mer.
Poirier
Mangle noir
Pois doux marron
Iacque des Grands Bois
Bois Caraïbe
107
Stave-wood
108
Wild nutmeg
109
Garlic Pear
*
Tocque
110
Cocorite
111
Rose apple
112
113
Mountain Cabbuge
114
115
Savana Cyp
116
117
118
Cloves
119
Nutmeg
120
121
Mahogany
122
Acacia
123
Corkwood
124
Elm (Trinidad)
125
126
Voavanga
127
**
128
129
130
Mahoe
131
Fig tree
132
133
134
135
Black Sage
136
137
Pied poule
138
Cannon Ball or Bomb-
Arbre á bombes
shell tree.
139
Bâtard bois-cannon ou
140 Fig tree
Lentille.
Figuier
Queen of Flower
Yellow Mangrove
Custard apple
Muscadier Sauvage
Cocorite
Pomme Rose
Bouix
Palmiste
Cyp Savana
Pain d'épice
Surette
Giroflier
Muscadier
Acajou St. Domingue
Acacia
Bois Flot
Bois d'orme
Mangle jaune
Varvanguier
Bois cendre
Caco marron
Mahault
Figuier
Cachiman
Bois Nègre
Toco
Cucurito
Poma rosa
Chaguaramus
Pata de Vaca
Alatrique
Caoba -
Aróma, ò Guatero
Tacarigua
Guázumo
Mangle Amarillo
Voa Vango
Cenizero, ò marejon
Camellon
Mahagua
Lechero ò Atagua
Corazon
Acacia tortuosa
Guazuma ulmifolia
Avicennia Tomentosa
Vangueria commersoni*
Peridium
Amaiouia
Phoberos
Heliocarpus Americana
Ficus radula
Anona reticulata
Rollinia Multiflora
Pereskia -
Cariaquita negra
Cordia, sp.
Cachicamo
Múco -
Psychotria
Higuereton
Panax maratatoni
Lechero
Myrtacea.
Myristiceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Id.
Mimoseæ.
Bombaceæ.
Byttneriacæ.
Verbenaceæ.
Cinchonaceæ.
Euphorbiaceæ.
Flacourtiaceæ.
Rubiaceæ.
Malvaceæ.
Urticaceæ.
Anonacæ.
།
Id.
Cactacea.
Cordiaceæ.
Bignoniacæ.
Cainito
Almendron de playa
Mangle Jari
Cometure
Raisinier des
Grand
Uvero del monte
Coccoloba latifolia
Bois.
Rheedia lateriflora
Crataeva gynandra
Maximiliana insignis
Jambosa vulgaris
Oreodoxa regia
Bauhinia veriegata
Chrysophyllum cainito
Prunus occidentalis
Terminalia, sp.
Id.
Avicennia nitida -
Chrysobolanus pellocarpus
Campomanesia aromatica
Chrysophyllum glabrum -
Sapotaceæ.
Drupaceæ.
Combretaceæ.
Id.
Id.
Leguminosa.
Chrysobolaneæ.
Myrtaceæ.
Polygonaceæ.
Guttiferæ.
Capparidacea.
Palmaceæ.
Myrtacex.
Sapotaceæ,
Palmaceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Cordia sulcata
Cicca distichat
Clavo de especie
Nuez de Moscada
Caryophyllus Aromaticus*
Cordiacea.
Sapotaceæ.
Euphorbiacæ.
Myristica Aromatica*
Lagerströmia reginæ*
Swietenia Mahogani*
Ochroma Lagopus
141
142
143
144
Almond tree
Amandier
Bois charbon
Moricyp Jaune
Bois rivière
Almendron
Rayo de Antigua
Juáldo.
Not indigenous.
Stereospermum chelonides*
Couroupita Guianensis
Ficus, sp.
Terminalia Catappa
Diospyros, sp.
Rubiaceæ.
Lecythidacea.
Araliacex.
Urticaceæ.
Combretacea.
Ebenaceæ.
Cordiaceæ.
398
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
Cl. 600, 601.

No. of
Order.
Common Names.
Scientific Names.
Families.
English.
145
146
147
148
Sea-side Mahoe
149
Orange tree
French.
Spanish.
Bois Caniqué
J
Naranjillo
жа
Icacos
Caigua
Oranger
Naranjo
www
150
Velas
151
Cocoa tree
152
Débasse
153
**
154
155 Wild Cocoa
156
157
158
Piroa
Piroa
159
160
Coffee tree
Cafier
ஐக்கள்
161
162
163
Wild Chestnut
164
165
White Cedar
Chataignier
Acajou Marron
166
Bois baril
167 Bird-lime tree
168
169
170
171
Laurel
172
Wild Savonette
173
Savonette Blanc
Bois caco
Lagunero
Laurel
Conure blanco
Sea-side plum
Cocoa plum or fat pork Icaque
Mahault du bord de Mer
Chaparro à feuille lisse
Cacaotier
Débasse
Bois baguette
Bois de Morue
Bois Cacao
Bois patate
Bois lait
$45
Campêche bord de Mer
Bois l'étang
Coco Macaque
Laurier Avocat
Palo de Cacao
Canilla de Venado
Punteral
Siete capas
Uvero del Monte
Naure-
Almendron del Monte
Pijiguao
Palma real d Yagua
Café
Naranjillo
Castano
C. de burro
Cayuca ò anakin
Pama
Lechero
Maba inconstans
Ximenia Americana
Chrysobolanus icacos
Paritium tiliaceum
Citrus Aurantium
Bunchosia
Theobroma Cacao
Calyptranthes sericca
* MA
Myginda
40%
Ebenaceæ.
Olacaceæ.
Chrysobolanæ.
Malvaceæ.
Aurantiaceæ.
Malpighiacea.
Byttneriacea.
Myrtaceæ.
Rubiacex.
зание
sceive
记
​Machorium
Coccoloba, sp.
Calliandra, sp.
Guilelma, sp.
Enocarpus Batawa
Coffea Arabica*
Swartzia grandiflora
Podocarpus salicifolius
Pachira Aquatica
Saccoglottis Amazonia
Beervice
200
Leguminoseæ.
Bes
Polygonacea.
Leguminoseæ.
Chrysobolaneæ ?
Palmaceæ.
Palmaceæ.
Rubiaceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Conifereæ.
Bombaceæ.
Styraceæ.
Myristacea.
Nyctagineæ.
Myristica, sp.
Pisonia inermis
Sapium Aucuparium
Euphorbiaceæ.
Pithecolobium vel calli-
Leguminoseæ.
endra, sp.
Pterocarpus Draco
Id.
?
Sapindacea.
?
Laurineæ.
Machorium, sp.
Leguminoseæ.
Rubiaceæ.
174
Thorn of yellow sanders Piquant de l'Epineux
Espina bobo
Cacao del Monte Macho Isertia parviflora
Xanthoxylon Clava Her- Xanthoxylaceæ.
175 Grigri-
176
Arnotto
Grigri -
Roucou
177
178
Yellow Sandbox
Sablier jaune
179
Bois Anoli.
180
181
Cacapoule
Cupey
182
183
184
185
Mawbee stick
186 Sugar apple
187
Wild Coffee
Bois Costière
Pomme Cannelle
Café Marron
188
189 -
190
1
191
192
193
194-and-
195
Olive-wood
Bois d'Olive
196
Petit baume
197
Bois Miel
Mahault Chardon
Mabouya
Pouï Mme. Jean
Bois flambeau -
Maraval
Onoto
Tumboal
Javillo Amarillo
Cupey-
Mamoncillo
Yema de huevo.
Bijaguara
Anon
Cafe del Monte
Cauturo
Naranjillo de rio
Sardino Arima
culis.
Martinezia caryothefolia -
Palmaceæ.
Bixa Orellana
Bixaceæ.
Tiliaceæ.
Apeiba Aspera
Hara Crepitans
Faramea guianensis
Clusia rosea
Ilex Macoucoua
Casearia
Colubrina reclinata
Anona Squamosa
Coffea, sp.
Mollinedia
Parinium Campestre
Capparis Cynophallophora
Olyganthus Condensata
Tecoma Stans
Capparis jamaicensis
Croton, sp.
Euphorbiaceæ.
Malpighiaceæ.
Clusiaceæ.
Ilicineæ.
Samydaceæ.
Rhamneæ.
Anonacea.
Rubiaceæ.
Monimiacæ.
Chrysobolaneæ.
Ebenaceæ.
Samydaceæ.
Capparidaceæ.
Compositæ.
Bignoniaceæ.
Capparidaceæ.
Euphorbiacæ.
Myrtaceæ.
1
*Not indigenous.

TRINIDAD.
399
Cl. 600, 601.
No. of
Order.
Common Names.
Scientific Names.
Families.
198
English.
French.
Noyer (Chacachacareo
Spanish.
Island).
Algarrobo
wesom
Cactus
Dividivi
Dividivi
Bois mal d'estomac
Guallulo
Barbasco
199
200
Cactus
201
Dividivi
202
203
204
205
206
207
Sally
GW
208
#A
* 209
Slithe
Bâtard bois l'orme
mys
Inagua
Sardino blanco
Maraquire
Aquirire
graciós
mke:
210
211
212
Cherry Wood (from
Avocat Marron
Moricyp rouge.
Wood (from Cerisier
Chacachacareo Island.)
213
214
215
1
216
217
218
Jackwood
219 Chigoewood
#
Bois lesserre
Raisinier
Jacquier
Bois négresse
Cereza
Palo morocoi.
Cuchape
Mangle dulce
C. de verasco
Bejuco Mulato
S
Cactus heptagonus
Casalpinia Coriaria
Jacquinia armillaris
Miconia prosina
*
Sponia
Ratonia Americana
atie
Cordia sp. (red flowers)*
Ruprechtia, sp.
Pholacilia trifoliata
Aspidosperma
Solanum Callicarpifolium
Coccoloba, sp.
Calliandra, sp.
Artocarpus integrifolia*
Bravaisia floribunda
Tabernaemontana
Seriana, sp.
Lagerströmia indica*
220
221
222
Supple Jack
Liane persil
223
224
225
Quinquina pays
226
227
228 Mangotin
Mangotine
Mangotina
inte
229
230
231
Immortel tree
Immortelle
Quiebra hacha -
and Chaguanas.
Copaifera hyminifolia*
Bucare or madre del Erythrina
cacao.
232
W
233
234
Timit
Timite
Timite -
235
We
Samydacæ.
Polygoneæ.
Cactaceae.
Leguminoseæ.
Piperaceæ.
Myrsineæ.
Myrtaceæ ?
Melastomaceæ.
Urticaceæ.
Sapindaceæ.
Meliaceæ.
Cordiacea.
Polygonaceæ.
Meliaceæ.
Apocynacer.
Solanaceæ.
Polygonacea.
Leguminoseæ.
Artocarpeæ.
Acanthaceæ.
Apocynaceæ.
Myrsineæ.
Sapindaceæ.
Lythraceæ.
Monimiaceæ.
Cinchonaceæ.

Id.
Melastomaceæ.
wit
Citriosma
Coutarea speciosa
Randia, sp.
Melastoma, sp.
Mangifera, sp.
Terebinthaceæ,
Ebenacea, sp., from Caroni
Ebenaceæ.
Leguminoseæ.
Papilionaceæ.
Posoqueria Longiflora
Alchorneo.
Manicaria saccifera
Cinchonaces.
Palmaceæ.
Casuarina Equisetifolia* - Equisetaceæ.
-it....view
Cl. 603.
Cl. 605.
Trinidad, Goverment of. Balata Gum
or Trinidad Gutta Percha, (Liquid) 2 Demi-
johns; Solid 6, Cakes.
Devenish, Syl., Esq., Surveyor General.
3 Razor Strops (made of Agave Vivipara);
1 Gourd Calabash.
Needham, Sir Jos., San Antonio. Cocoa,
Cl. 623.
(1 bag.)
*Not indigenous.
Penco, Jos., Esq., La Merced. Cocoa,
(1 box.)
Cl. 623.
Cleaver, C., Esq., Verdant Vale. Cocoa,
(2 bags.)
Cl. 623.
D'Abadie, St. L., Esq., St. Pedro.
Cocoa, (1 bag.)-paced siberqul et
Cl. 623.
Flament, Mrs. C. Snuff made of Native
Tobacco.
Cl. 623.
E
400
Cl. 623.
Cl. 666.
Cl. 666.
Cl. 666.
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
Prestoe, Hy. Esq., Government Botanist.
Nutmegs, 1 bottle fresh, perfect fruits; do., 1
bottle prepared, do.; Cloves, 1 bottle fresh,
flower buds; Cloves and Nutmegs, 1 bottle
mixed, fresh; Mace, 1 bottle prepared.
Somes & Co., Nariva Cocal. Sample of
fibre extracted from the husks of the Cocoa-
nut, adapted for making Brooms, Brushes, &c.,
value about $250 per ton; Sample of ditto,
adapted for Upholstery and Bedding, value
about $110 per ton; Coil of the above spun.
Devenish, Syl., Esq., Surveyor General.
Samples of fibre of Agave Vivipara and of
Mats made thereof.
Prestoe, Hy., Esq., Government Botanist.
Fibres, various kinds, in 20 samples, as
follow:-
No. 1. Sida carpinf olia, L. Malvaceæ.
>>
2. Urena lobata, L.
3. Sida rhombifolia, L.
4.
>>
>>
>>
linifolia, Juss.
5. Pavonia bracteata, Benth. Mal-
racemosa,
7. Malvaviscus indicus, L.
6.
>>
Do.
>>
8.
>>
>>
Sp.
>>
>>
vaccæ.
>>
9. Sterculia caribæa, R. B. Ster-
culiaceæ.
Bass from trunk.
10. Hibiscus
vaceæ.
Rosa-simensis, Mal-
Bass from matured branches.
Fibre from young branches.
11. Musa paradisiaca, L.
Fibre from outer leafstalks-
uncombed.
do. -roughly
combed.
Do.
Ditto from inner leafstalks-un-
combed.
-roughly
combed.
Do.
do.
12. Musa textilis,
13. Sample-rough.
14.
>>
Do. -combed.
15. Musa sapientum.
16. Do. do. variety" Yellow
Fig." Pok
17. Do. cavendishii.
18. Fourcroya gigantea, sample pre-
pared in 1866.
do.
do.
19. Bromelia karatas, L.
>>
20. Theoma brocacao, L.
in 1875.
REMARKS.-These fibres-with one or two
exceptions as specified-were all prepared in
1866.
They are to be regarded as of two classes:
First. Those obtained from the bark of
the plant, as in Hemp, Flax,
&c.; and
Second. Those obtained from the sub-
stance of the leaves or leafstalks,
as in "Manilla," Hemp, &c.
Nos. from 1 to 11, and No. 20 belong to the
first class-the first four being obtained from
the bark of the entire plant; 5, 6, 7, 8, and
20 are obtained from the younger branches;
and No. 9 from the trunk of the tree.
Nos. 12 to 19 belong to the second-12, 13,
14, 15, and 16 being obtained from the leaf-
stalks (forming the stem in the plantain), and
17, 18, and 19 being obtained from the leaves.
The colour and strength of the fibres
depend much on the manner of preparing
them, but with very ordinary care they can
be brought out of extraordinary strength, and
of snowy white, or golden yellow, by simple
maceration.
The size, strength, and colour of the fibre
appear not to vary in branches or stems of
different ages in Nos. 1 to 4, but in Nos. 5 to
11 these characters vary in growths of different
ages being fine and silk-like in the younger,
and coarse and easily separable in plaits as
"bass" in the older branches and stems. In
No. 9, the bark of the young branches reaches
a maximum degree of coarseness, and is
scarcely useful; but the bark of the matured
branch or trunk furnishes an exceedingly fine
and abundant "bass," well adapted for any
purpose to which such an article is usually
applied.
Of the foregoing, Nos. 1 to 6, and 9, 11,
17, and 20 are indigenous to Trinidad, and
very hardy and abundant. The others are in-
troduced plants, but all are completely na-
turalised; some, such as the variety of Musu
Paradisiaca, known here as the "Jumbec
Plaintain," and Sansievera, have become wild
plants.
Colonial Company's Agency. Sugar
(1 box) manufactured at Usine (central factory)
St. Madelaine, Trinidad, W.I. the property of
the Colonial Company, Limited, 16, Leadenhall
Street, London. Manufactured direct from
canes cut on the same day. The juice is first
treated with temper lime in the clarifiers, sub-

Cl. 659.

TRINIDAD.—VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.
401
Cl. 660.
Cl. 657.
Cl. 657.
sided, passed through animal charcoal, then
evaporated to syrup in the "Triple Effet,"
passed a second time through the charcoal
boiled to sugar in vacuum pan, and finally
cured in Weston's (American) patent centri-
fugals.
Molasses sugar (1 box) manufactured at the
same "Usine" from the molasses obtained
from the above. The molasses is pumped as
fast as it proceeds from the centrifugals into
tanks, where it is heated and slightly reduced
in density by means of open steam, and is then
boiled in vacuum pans and cured in centri-
fngals.
Siegert, Dr., Port-of-Spain. “Angostura
Bitters," manufactured by Dr. J. G. Siegert at
Port-of-Spain, Trinidad. (4 cases.)
Trinidad, Government of. Cassarip.
Flament, Mrs. Ch. Farine Manioc.
Jenny, Miss. Farine Manioc.
Flament, Mrs. C. Plaintain Flour;
Cassada Starch.
Cl. 657.
Cl. 657.
Devenish, Syl., Esq., Surveyor General.
Cl. 657.
Carap Oil.
Cl. 662.
Cl. 254.
Cl. 254.
Somes & Co., Messrs. Cocoanut Oil.
Devenish, Syl., Esq., Surveyor-General.
Walking Sticks.
Trinidad, Government of. Collection
of Baskets; 10 Indian Baskets; nest of six
Fancy Baskets; Miniature Egg Baskets;
Fans ; (C
Guayares," miniature strainers as
used for preparing Cassava; miniature
"Guayares" used by men for carrying
loads; miniature Cataures used by women for
carrying loads; Mats; Rice and Coffee Fans.
McAdam, Miss Venus. Baskets made
of the Towel Gourd.
Cl. 254.
VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.
VICTORIA, the most populous colony in Australia, is situated on the southern extremity of the continent, and
extends from the 34th to the 39th parallel of south latitude, and from the 141st to the 150th meridian of east
longitude. Its extreme length from east to west is about 420 geographical miles, and its greatest breadth 250
miles. The extent of coast-line is nearly 600 miles. The area of Victoria is 88,198 square miles, or 56,446,720
acres, or the thirty-fourth part of the whole surface of Australia, an extent about equal to that of England,
Wales, and Scotland, which contain 89,644 square miles. Victoria is therefore very much smaller than any
of its neighbours on the mainland of Australia, although its population is very nearly as large as all the others
put together. The highest mountain in Victoria, Bogong, has an elevation of 6,508 feet, and there are several
ranging from 4,000 to 6,000 feet. The Murray runs along the northern boundary for 670 miles, but the
Goulburn, with a length of 230 miles, is the longest river which flows throughout its course entirely in
Victoria.
Owing to its geographical position Victoria enjoys a climate cooler and more invigorating than any other
Australian colony. The mean temperature of the air in Melbourne, derived from a series of observations
extending over a period of 14 years, is 57° 6. Upon examining a chart showing isothermal lines, it will be
found that the Victorian capital is situated upon or near the line corresponding with that on which, in the
northern hemisphere, Marseilles, Bordeaux, Bologna, Nice, Verona, and Madrid are situated. The difference
between winter and summer, between the hottest and the coldest month, is less in Victoria than in any of the
places mentioned, and the European city the climate of which most resembles that of Melbourne is Maffra,
18 miles north-west of Lisbon, and 700 feet above the level of the sea.
The three months from September to November are considered to be the spring quarter, from December to
February the summer, from March to May autumn, and from June to August winter. January and February
are the warmest months, June and July the coldest. The observations taken for 17 years show that on 61
occasions the thermometer has risen above 100° Fahrenheit, and that there are 52 instances of its having fallen
to or below freezing point. The mean temperature of the air during the two hottest months has been 66·7 in
January and 65.6 in February, while the coolest, June, shows 49 0, and July 47 7. The above figures give
the temperature of Melbourne. Some of the districts in the interior, which enjoy an elevation of from 1,000
36714.
C C

402
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
to 2,000 feet above the level of the sea, are rather cooler, while others are slightly warmer than the metropolis.
The mean temperature of the air throughout the year at Ballarat, 1,438 feet above the level of the sea, is 53° `9′,
as compared with 57° 6' in Melbourne, while at Sandhurst it is as high as 58° 6'.
The rainfall at Melbourne differs very considerably in different years. The year of the greatest rainfall was
1849, in which 44.25 inches of rain fell; then 1863, with 36.42 inches, and 1870, with 33.77 inches. The
year when least rain fell was 1865, with 15.94 inches. The rainfall is tolerably well distributed throughout
the year, the mean number of days upon which rain fell during the past 35 years being 135 5, of which the
spring quarter contributed 40 3, the summer 24 4, the autumn 28 9, and the winter 41.9. The mean annual
rainfall is 27 58 inches, compared with 49.95 in Sydney and 21·36 in Adelaide.
The hot winds of Victoria form the peculiar feature of its climate which is most talked about in other
countries and is most dreaded by new arrivals. They frequently set in about 9 a.m., and blow from the north
with great violence, raising clouds of dust. Vegetation becomes parched up, fruit falls from the trees, and
animals as well as human beings appear to be greatly oppressed. The time is a trying one for young children
and invalids. The wind often changes to the south towards evening, but sometimes continues to blow from the
north for two and even three days. When the welcome southerly wind sets in it frequently does so in a heavy
squall, accompanied with drops of rain and thunder and lightning, and the thermometer sometimes falls as
much as 20 or 30 degrees in half an hour. According to Neumayer, the average number of hot winds for the
colony amounts to eight or nine per annum, but the average is different in different localities, according to the
following classification :-

Melbourne and Castlemaine
Sandhurst, Heathcote, and Portland
Beechworth, Ararat, and Swan Hill
Geelong and Ballarat
Alberton and Camperdown
Average Number of Days of
Hot Wind per Annum.
14
11
8
6
3

The hot winds are not, however, by any means unmixed evils. The intense dryness produced by them
acts as a powerful disinfectant, and the dampness which in the south of Europe produces such prejudicial effects
is entirely unknown in Victoria.
The present population of Victoria is in round numbers 820,000. The latest census, taken in 1871, gave
731,528, of whom 401,050 were males and 330,478 females, residing in 158,481 houses. The increase which
has since taken place from immigration and the excess of births over deaths has done much to reduce the
difference between the sexes, and the numbers may now be set down at 430,000 males and 390,000 females.
The various censuses which have been taken since the first settlement of Melbourne give the accompanying
results.
Population.
Date of Enumeration.
Persons.
Number of
Houses.
Males. Females.
25th May 1886
177
142
35
8th November 1836
224
186
38
12th September 1838
3,511
8,080
431
2nd March 1841
11,738
8,274
3,464
1,490
2nd March 1846
32,879
20,184 12,695
5,198
2nd March 1851 -
77,345
26th April 1854
236,798
46,2024 31,143
155,887
10,935
80.911
29th March 1857
410,766 264,334 146,432
102,001
7th April 1861
Of the present population of Victoria, about 17,000
are Chinese, and 1,330 Aborigines.
Victoria contains 8 268 persons to the square mile, or
rather less than in the empire of Russia, which has 10,
and much less than the United States, which has 14
inhabitants. The population is very unevenly divided
Melbourne, the capital of Victoria, has with its suburbs
a population of 240,000, rather less than Boston, U.S.,
or Sheffield, but more than Hamburg, while in the
county of Weeah, in the extreme north-west of the colony, there was not a single inhabitant on the night upon
2nd April 1871
540,322 328,651 211,671 134,332
731,528 401,050 330,478 158,481

FRAN, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.
403
AURORIALMA
which the census was taken. Ballarat, the second city in Victoria, has 47,201 inhabitants, Sandhurst 28,577,
Geelong, 21,459; then come Castlemaine with a population of 9,322, Clunes, 6,068, Stawell, 5166, and
Daylesford, 4,696. The disproportion of the sexes is confined to the remoter districts, for in eighteen of the
cities, boroughs, and towns, the females were in excess of the males.
The accompanying table shows the various nationalities of which the people of Victoria were comprised in
1871.
Numbers.
Where born.
Persons. Males. Females.
164,024
14,361
66,491
2,425
24,735
313
2,404
13
British Possessions.
Victoria
329,597
165,573
Other Australasian Colonies
28,669
14,308
England
164,287
97,796
Wales
6,614
4,189
Scotland
56,210
31,475
Ireland
100,468
49,198
Other British Possessions
3,870
2,641
51,270
1,229
Foreign Countries.
France and French Colonies
1,170
857
Germany
8,995
6,591
Austria
269
256
Other European countries
6,206
5,672
534
United States of America
2,423
1,776
647
China
17,857
17,826
81
Other countries
315
214
101
At Sea
2,064
1,095
Total specified
729,014
Unspecified
2,514
329,547
931
Total Population
731,528
Allegiance.
British subjects
Foreign subjects
Allegiance unknown
969
399,467
1,583
401,050 330,478
695932
34,854
742
369,228
31,415
407
326,704
3,439
335
Of the whole population, 257,835 belong to the Church of
England, 112,983 are Presbyterians, 170,620 Roman Catho-
lics, 94,220 Wesleyans, 18,191 Independents, 16,311 Baptists,
10,559 Lutherans, 3,571 Jews, and 17,650 Chinese are
returned as Pagans.
Of every thousand persons over five years, the number who
could read and write was 804, and of those who could read
only, 128, leaving 68 totally uneducated. Of the population
over twenty-one, 871 could read and write, and 74 could
read only, leaving 55 per 1,000 of the adult population
wholly uneducated. Primary education in Victoria is now
free, compulsory, and secular.
Victoria was first discovered by Captain Cook in 1770, but
the first permament settlement did not take place until 1834,
when the Messrs. Henty established a whaling establishment
at Portland. In 1836 Batman and Fawkner crossed from
Tasmania and took up their residence on the banks of the
River Yarra near the site of the present city of Melbourne.
The fact that, as throughout the greater portion of Australia,
the land was well adapted for cultivation, that sheep and cattle could thrive upon the natural grasses of the
country and could live in the open air throughout the year, attracted a large immigration; and in 1851, when
Victoria was separated from New South Wales and commenced an independent existence, the population
numbered 76,000, the sheep 6,000,000, the cattle 380,000, the horses 21,000, and the land in cultivation 52,000
acres.
In the preceding year the public revenue had amounted to 260,000l., the public expenditure to
196,000l., the imports to 745,000l., the exports to 1,000,000l. The ships which arrived numbered 555, of an
aggregate tonnage of 108,030, and the ships which departed numbered 508, of an aggregate tonnage of 87,087.
The wheat grown amounted to 550,000 bushels, the oats to 100,000 bushels, the hay to 21,000 tons. The
wool exported amounted to 18,000,000 lbs., and the tallow to 10,000,000 lbs.
The discovery of gold which took place in 1851 enormously increased the population and revenues of the
Yarra colony. For many years the principal export was gold, but the production of this precious metal is now of
less importance than that of the great staple wool. Of the exports in 1874, amounting altogether in value to
15,441,1097., wool was valued at 6,373,6417. and gold at 4,053,2881.
The important position which the Australian colonies had obtained in consequence of the discovery
of gold,
and the influx of population consequent thereon, was the occasion of the Imperial Government determining in
the latter end of 1852 that each colony should be invited to frame such a Constitution for its government as
its representatives might deem best suited to its own peculiar circumstances. The Constitution framed in
Victoria, and afterwards approved by the British Parliament, was avowedly based upon that of the United
Kingdom. It provided for the establishment of two Houses of Legislature, with power to make laws, subject
to the assent of the Crown as represented generally by the Governor of the colony; the Legislative Council
CC 2

404
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
to consist of thirty, and the Legislative Assembly to consist of sixty members. Members of both Houses to
be elective and to possess property qualifications. Electors of both Houses to possess either property or
professional qualifications, the property qualification of both members and electors being lower in the case of
the Assembly than in that of the Council. The Council not to be dissolved, but, five members to retire every
two years and to be eligible for re-election. The Assembly to be dissolved every five years, or oftener,
at the discretion of the Governor. Certain officers of the Government, four at least of whom should have
seats in Parliament, to be deemed "Responsible Ministers." Any member of either House accepting a place
of profit under the Crown to vacate his seat, but to be capable of being re-elected. This Constitution was
proclaimed in Victoria on the 23rd November 1855, and with certain modifications is still in force. The
most important modifications are the reduction of one-half the of property qualifications of both members and
electors of the Council, the total abolition of the property qualifications for both electors and members of the
Assembly, the increase of members of the Assembly from 60 to 78, shortening of the duration of their term
of election from five years to three, and paying members both of Council and Assembly.
No Imperial troops are stationed in Victoria, the defence force consisting of 196 paid artillerymen, 4,100
volunteers of various arms, together with a monitor and line-of-battle ship with 52 heavy guns, and 340
officers and men for harbour defences.
The revenue for the year 1874 was 4,106,7907., and the expenditure, 4,177,3377., the revenue being
57. 4s. Od., and the expenditure 51. 5s. 10d. per head. Of the whole revenue, about 1,800,0007. is raised from
Customs and Excise, 600,000l. from the sale and rents of Crown Lands, 900,000l. from the receipts from the
railways which are the property of the State, and 200,000l. from the Post and Telegraph Offices. Of the
whole expenditure, the interest upon the public debt of 12,485,4327. absorbed 726,1427., the railways were
worked at a cost of 442,6247.; 537,7581. was expended upon public instruction, 200,0007. upon railways,
579,5007. upon public works, and 272,2897. upon charitable institutions, such as hospitals, orphanages, and
industrial schools.
The greater portion of Victoria is divided into municipalities, some urban, which according to their
importance are styled cities, towns, or boroughs; the others rural, which are designated shires. Each muni-
cipal district is a body corporate with perpetual succession and a common seal, and is capable of sueing and
being sued, holding and alienating land. The number of municipal districts is 60 urban and 110 rural, the
population 773,711, the number of ratepayers 171,746, and the number of dwellings 166,124. The whole of
the colony, with the exception of the mountains, is now included in these municipalities. The annual value
of the properties taxed is set down at 5,995,4777., and the municipal revenue from all sources at 985,014,
including a subsidy from the Government. The greater portion of the expenditure is upon public works, the
salaries only amounting to 95,5697., or about 10 per cent.
The number of electors was, Council 27,930, Assembly 146,937. The only qualification for an elector of the
Assembly, is, that he be either a natural-born subject of Her Majesty, or that, if an alien, he be naturalized
and have resided in the colony for 10 years.
The system of transferring land, whereby a fresh title from the Crown is given to every purchaser, was
inaugurated in Victoria in 1862 by the coming into force of the Real Property Act, and has since been
perfected under other Statutes. All lands alienated from the Crown after the commencement of the Act
named have come at once under the provisions of this law, and land alienated prior to its passing can be
brought under it, provided a clear title can be produced, or a title containing only a slight imperfection. In
the latter case, the title is given subject to such imperfection, which is noted on the deed. As the Govern-
ment takes the responsibility of the title, and may occasionally, notwithstanding every care, pass properties in
respect to which claims may arise at some future time, an assurance and indemnity fund, to secure the
Government against possible losses, is formed, chiefly by the payment by each person bringing property under


VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.
405
the Statute of an amount equal to one halfpenny in the pound of the value of such property. One claim only,
amounting to 250l., has been paid out of this fund since the first introduction of the system. The balance to
the credit of the fund at the end of 1874 was 29,1197. 1s. 4d., of which amount 23,0007. had been invested in
Government stock.
*
The number of insolvencies in 1874 was 776. 23,856 persons were taken into custody by the police, of
whom 6,929 were discharged, 16,233 summarily convicted, and 694 committed for trial. 10,981 persons were
arrested for drunkenness, and 5,058 for other offences against good order. 10 arrests were on charges of
murder, 28 of manslaughter, and 3,000 for offences against property. Of the 694 persons committed, 436
were convicted.
The imports in 1874 were valued at 16,953,9857., and the exports at 15,441,1097., or 211. 4s. 7d. per head
of the population for imports and 197. 6s. 8d. for exports. Of the whole exports, 11,352,5157. were the produce
or manufacture of Victoria; of the imports 8,369,5237. were from the United Kingdom, and 5,496,7767. from
the other Australian colonies. Eighty per cent. of the imports are landed, and ninety per cent. of the exports
are shipped, at the Port of Melbourne.
The number of vessels entered was 2,100, of an aggregate tonnage of 777,110 tons, while 2,122, of 792,509
tons, cleared. The nationality of the ships entering was colonial 1,714, British 289, foreign 97.
The number of post offices is 802; the number of letters despatched and received 15,738,888, newspapers
6,866,918. The income of the post office was 194,3397., and the expenditure 288,5747. 216 post offices
issue money orders. There are 148 telegraph stations, 4,464 miles of wire, and the telegrams despatched
in 1874 amounted to 701,080.
The total number of miles of government railway opened is 967, and of private railways 17; the total
distance travelled in 1874 was 2,109,227, the number of persons travelling being 5,374,841, and the weight
of goods 904,670 tons. The total receipts on government and private lines was 1,016,9267., the rates charged
varying from 1d. to 2d. per mile according to class.
Wages vary from 15s. to 20s. per week and rations to farm labourers, and 12s. to 15s. per week with rations.
for labourers employed on sheep stations, to 11s. and 12s. per day, without rations, for mechanics, and 7s. per
day, without rations, for town labourers. Seamen receive from 67. to 77. per month, and female servants from
30l. to 607. per annum with board and lodging.
The prices of the following articles are given as follows in the official returns:
Wheat, per bushel, 4s. 9d. to 7s. 3d. Butter, 1s. to 1s. 6d. per lb.

Bread 6d. to 8d. per loaf.
Flour from 127. to 157. per ton.
Beef, 4d. to 6d. per lb.
Mutton, 24d, to 6d. per lb.
Cheese, 9d. to 1s. per lb.
Milk, per quart, 6d.
Potatoes, 47. 10s. per ton.
Cabbages, 1s. per dozen.
Horses, 51. to 40%.
Fat Cattle, 57. 10s. to 127. 10s.
Fat Sheep, 5s. to 20s.
The weekly rent of a dwelling suitable for a mechanic and his family ranges, in the suburbs of Melbourne,
from 8s. to 15s. In other towns it is lower, and in country districts the erection, on Crown lands, of a cottage
of sawn or split timber, with a shingle or bark roof, which can be accomplished at a trifling cost, often enables
the man of small means to save rent altogether. In all the large towns, owing to the facilities offered by
building societies and other financial institutions for obtaining advances of money on easy terms, numbers of
labouring men possess freeholds of their own.
o
The mode of acquiring land from the Crown is under the Land Sales Act. 320 acres is the largest amount
which any one person is allowed to select. The selection is held under license during three years, within which
period the licensee must reside on his selection at least two and a half years, must enclose it, cultivate 1 acre
out of every 10, and generally effect substantial improvements to the value of 20s. per acre. The rent payable.


406
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
during this period is 2s. per acre per annum, which is credited to the selector as part payment. At the expir-
ation of the three years' license, the selector, if he obtain a certificate from the Board of Land and Works that
he has complied with these conditions, may either purchase his holding by paying up the balance of 14s.
per acre, or may convert his license into a lease extending over seven years, at an annual rental of 2s. per acre,
which is also credited to the selector as part payment of the fee-simple. On the expiry of this lease, and due
payment of the rent, the land becomes the freehold of the selector. The Crown land sold in 1874 amounted
to 531,538 acres, and the extent granted without purchase to 44 acres. Of the former, 49,656 acres were
sold by auction. The remainder was selected under the various Land Acts. The total extent sold, from the
first settlement of the colony to the end of 1874, was 9,929,388 acres, and the extent granted without purchase
was 3,245 acres, making a total of 9,932,633 acres.
The fee-simple of the whole of this land had passed to the purchaser. A further extent of land, amounting,
at the end of 1874, to about 5,650,000 acres, was in process of alienation under the system of deferred
payments, and this too, should the legal conditions be duly complied with, will pass away from the Crown
in the course of a few years. Then there is land occupied by roads, the sites of towns, State forests, auriferous
pastoral, and timber reserves, and land which is at present useless owing to its mountainous character, or to
its being covered with mallee scrub, lakes or lagoons. Deducting the whole of these lands from the area of
the colony, estimated at 56,446,720 acres, the area available for selection at the end of 1874 is found to have
amounted to nearly 15,000,000 acres.
Land, until selected, is held by persons called squatters, who are tenants of the Crown, but can be dis-
possessed at any moment to meet the wants of the agricultural selector. The rent paid by them is 4s. yearly
for each horse or head of cattle that the run can depasture, and 8d. per head for the sheep. The amount
received from these sources in 1874 was 125,9387., or at the rate of about 14d. per acre.
The land under cultivation in 1875 amounted to 1,011,776 acres, of which 332,936 acres were under wheat,
114,921 oats, 129,505 barley, 35,183 potatoes, 119,031 hay, 254,329 green forage. The area under vines was
not given. The production, excluding minor crops, was, wheat 4,850,165 bushels, oats 2,121,612 bushels,
barley 169,896 bushels, potatoes 124,310 tons, hay 157,261 tons, wine 577,493 gallons. The value of the
agricultural produce was estimated at 4,410,4357., the average weight per bushel of the wheat being 61 lbs.,
oats 40 lbs., barley 51 lbs.
The live stock amounted to 180,254 horses, 241,137 milch cows, 717,521 cattle, 11,221,056 sheep, and
137,941 pigs, and the value of machinery and improvements upon squatting stations to 13,898,4347.
The statistics of the other producing interests show that the beer made amounted to 13,653,531 gallons,
and that the number of persons employed in manufactures was, males 20,442, females 4,649, the value of the
machinery, plant, and buildings being 4,750,0007.
The gold raised in 1874 was valued at 4,630,0007., and the other minerals 35,4531. The gold coined in the
Melbourne branch of the Royal Mint was, in 1874, 1,383,4177. The rates of discount vary at from 6 to 7
per cent. for bills under 65 days to 9 per cent. for bills beyond 120. The liabilities of the local banks were
estimated in 1874 at 14,105,4601., and their assets to 20,456,8527., the average dividends paid being 11 per
The balance at the credit of the 64,014 depositors in the savings banks was 1,617,301, or an average of
251. 3s. 4d. per head.

cent.
The number of marriages in 1874 was 4,925, or 6.27 per head, which is less than in England, where it is
8.24. The births were 26,800, and the deaths 12,222, or 15.30 per cent. of the population, as against 22 40
in England and Wales. About 12.5 per cent. of all children born die in their first year, as against 15 per
cent. in England and Wales.

VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.
407
Collection of Rocks, Minerals, and Fossils, illustrative of the Geology, Mineralogy, and Mining Resources
of Victoria, exhibited for and on behalf of the Government, by R. Brough Smyth, F.G.S., F.L.S., Assoc.
Inst. C.E., Secretary for Mines and Chief Inspector of Mines for the Colony.
&c.
Older Igneous or Plutonic Rocks. Granites, porphyries,
Newer Igneous or Volcanic Rocks. Older Basalt. (Age
between eocene and older pliocene tertiary).
Newer Basalt. (Age from pliocene tertiary to recent).
Aqueous Rocks. Lower Palæozoic. Lower Silurian.
(Including rocks of this age metamorphosed by contact with
granite and other igneous rocks).
Upper Silurian. (Including rocks of this age metamophosed
by contact with granite, &c.
Upper Palæozoic.
Mesozoic-Carbonaceous.
Tertiary.
Collection of Mineral Specimens.
Economic Collection. Auriferous Quartz.
FAC-SIMILES OF GOLD NUGGETS FOUND IN VICTORIA.
The "Beauty" Nugget weighed 242 ozs. It was discovered
at a depth of 9 ft. from the surface, in Kangaroo Gully,
Bendigo, in the year 1858. The gold was 22.23 carats fine.
The "Platypus" nugget weighed 377 ozs. 6 dwts. It was
found in Robinson Crusoe Gully, Bendigo, in a pillar of earth
in a deserted claim. The claim was situated in shallow
alluvium, and the nugget was discovered in March 1861. The
gold was 22.1 carats fine.
The "Viscount Canterbury" nugget was found in John's
Paddock, Berlin Diggings, at a depth of 15 ft. from the surface,
on the 31st May 1870. It weighed 1,105 ozs. The gold was
23.3 carats fine.
The "Schlemm" nugget was found at Dunolly on the 11th
It weighed
July 1872, at a depth of 3 ft. beneath the surface.
538 ozs., and is estimated to contain 60 ozs. of quartz.
Nugget (not named) found in Broomfield's Gully, Creswick,
on the 8th August 1872. It weighed 24 ozs. 3 dwts., and was
got at a depth of 100 ft. below the surface.
Sme
"Kum Tow" nugget weighed 718 ozs. 5 dwts. It was
found on the 17th April 1871 in Catto's Paddock, Berlin Dig-
gings, at a depth of 12 ft. 6 in. below the surface. It was found
by a party of Chinamen. The gold was 23.3 carats fine.
The "Viscountess Canterbury" nugget was found on the
3rd October 1870 at Berlin. It was discovered at 6 ft. 6 in.
beneath the surface, and weighed 884 ozs. 10 dwts. The gold
was 23.25 carats fine.
The "Crescent" nugget was found on the 2nd April 1872 at
a depth of 2 ft. beneath the surface. It weighed 176 ozs.
8 dwts., and was discovered at Berlin.
Nugget (not named), found at Creswick, in the Key Com-
pany's mine. It weighed 32 ozs., and was found in January
1871.
The "Oldham" nuggets, found at Turton's Creek, in April
1873. They weighed respectively 2 ozs. and 36 ozs., and were
got at a depth of 2 ft. beneath the surface. The gold was 23.
carats fine.
The "Spondulix" nugget was found in November 1872, at
Eureka Gulley, Jordan's, near Dunolly. It weighed 130 ozs.,
and was estimated to contain 29 ozs. of quartz. Discovered at
8 ft. beneath the surface in a quartz-vein.
The "Alma 1" nugget was found on the 14th April 1873, at
Maryborough. It weighed 125 ozs. It was discovered at
120 ft. beneath the surface. The gold was 23 1 carats fine.
Nugget (not named) found in Broomfield's Gully, Creswick,
on 12th August 1872. It weighed 46 ozs. 15 dwts., and was got
at 100 ft. in depth.
Nugget (not named) found at Creswick in the Red Streak
Lead, on the 31st August 1872. It was discovered at 180 ft.
below the surface, and weighed 30 ozs. 1 dwt.
1875.
Nugget (not named) found at Buninyong, on the 21st July
It was discovered at 73 ft. below the surface, and
weighed 58 ozs. 5 dwts. The gold was 23 carats fine.
Nugget (not named) found at Upper Boggy Creek, on the
9th September 1873. It was discovered at 4 ft. below the
surface, and weighed 29 ozs.
The "Needful" nugget was discovered at 12 ft. beneath the
surface, in Catto's Paddock, Berlin Diggings, on the 10th May
1871. It weighed 246 ozs. 16 dwts., and the gold was 23.8
carats fine.
The "Alma 2
14th April 1873,
nugget was found at Maryborough, on the
at 120 ft. beneath the surface. It weighed
15 ozs. The gold was 23 1 carats fine.
The "Eldorado” nugget was found at Smythesdale on the
26th August 1873, at 155 ft. beneath the surface. It weighed
170 ozs.
The "Lothair" nugget found at Clunes, at 307 ft. beneath
the surface, on the 11th July 1875. It weighed 77 ozs. 6 dwts.
The gold was 23 23 carats fine.
Nugget (not named) found at Sandhurst, in Crusoe Gully,
on the 13th July 1875. It was discovered at 3 ft. beneath the
surface, and weighed 46 ozs.
Nugget (not named) found at Creswick, at 150 ft. below the
surface, on the 28th April 1874. It weighed 53 ozs.
The gold
was 23.3 carats fine.
Nugget (not named) found at Ballarat in the Golden Reef
Claim, at 200 ft. beneath the surface. It weighed 31 ozs.
5 dwts.
The "Welcome" nugget was found on the 11th June 1858,
It
at 180 ft. beneath the surface, Bakery Hill, Ballarat.
weighed 2,195 ozs.
Economic Minerals.
Acadia Catherine Gold Mining Company, Sandhurst.-Speci-
mens of Golden Stone, from the Arcadia Catherine Mine.]

408
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
Bleasdale, Rev. J. L., D.D., St. Patrick's College, Mel-
bourne.-Collection of Gems and Precious Stones, consisting
of Diamonds, Blue Sapphires, Oriental Emeralds (the green
sapphire), Rubies, Aqua-marines, Topazes, Spinels, Beryls,
Opals, Garnets, Tourmalines, &c., &c. collected by exhibitor.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Fac- similes of Nuggets found in Victoria.
Costerfield Gold and Antimony Mining Company. Office,
52, Elizabeth Street, Melbourne.- Antimony Ore.
Hanckar, J. H. H., 52, Bourke Street East, Melbourne.-
Block of Nickel Ore, from the Boa Kaine Mine, New Caledonia.
M'Gie, James, & Co., Melbourne.-Nickel Ore.
Shenandoah Gold Mining Company, Sandhurst.-Gold-bear-
ing Quartz, from stope at the 390 feet level. Reef, 7 ft. wide.
This specimen was in one block, and split up to disclose
gold.
Smyth, R. Brough, Department of Mines, Melbourne.-
Geological Maps.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Coal.
Mining Department of Victoria, Melbourne.-Coal.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Sawn Slate. Block of Granite. Specimens of
Polished Marble.
Mansfield Shire Council, Mansfield.-Slabs of Polished
Marble. Hewn Sandstone.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Limestone, from Major Plains.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition
Melbourne.-Black Clay, Hoffman's Patent. Clay and Sand.
Kaolin Clay.
Arthur and Dogherty, New Zealand.-Sample of Litho-
graphic Stone.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Sharpening Stones from Wahgunyah.
Lewis and Whitty, Charles Street, Fitzroy.-Knife Polish.
Hattersley, J., Yackandandah.-Aërated Waters.
Lyon, George, Spring Creek, Beechworth.-Lemonade. Soda
Water. Ginger Ale.
Rowlands and Lewis, Ballarat and Melbourne.-Tonic
Water. Potass Water. Soda Water. Lithia Water. Seltzer
Water. Ginger Ale.
Metallurgical Products-CLASS 113.-Lead, zinc, antimony,
and other metals, the result of extractive processes.
Bright Brothers & Co., Little Flinders Street West, Mel-
bourne.-Star Antimony in ingots.
Costerfield Gold & Antimony Mining Company: Office, 52,
Elizabeth Street, Melbourne.-Sulphide of Antimony. Refined
sulphide of Antimony. Crude Antimony of Commerce. Oxide
of Antimony. Pure Regulus of Antimony, reduced from the
oxide.
Hodgson, Richard, Noon Street, Collingwood.-Star Anti-
mony. Pigs of Lead. Blocks of Tin, all smelted in the colony.
On the Continent of Europe the arborial, health-producing
and medicinal products of the Eucalyptus globulus, or Blue
Gum tree, have been so much enlarged upon in consequence of
having only this species in cultivation, that the whole of the
Eucalyptus products have been classified as emanating from
this one species; it is necessary therefore to point out that
such is not the case.
box agejtin
Bosisto, Joseph, Bridge Road, Richmond.-Chemical and
Pharmaceutical Preparations obtained from the Eucalyptus
and other Indigenous Vegetation, prepared and exhibited by
Joseph Bosisto, Richmond, Melbourne, President of the Phar-
maceutical Society of Victoria, by whom the Eucalyptus
preparations were first introduced, both in Australia and in
Europe :-
EUCALYPTUS VEGETATION.
Essential Oil, Eucalyptus globulus (Blue Gum). Tonie,
stimulant, antiseptic, and anthelmintic. A small dose promotes
appetite, a large one destroys it. In stronger doses of 10 to 20
minims, it first accelerates the pulse, produces pleasant general
excitement (shown by irresistible desire for moving about), and
a feeling of buoyancy and strength. Intoxicating in very large
doses, but unlike alcohol, or opium, the effects are not followed
by torpor, but produce a general calmness and soothing sleep.
A strong cup of coffee will at once remove any unpleasantness
arising from an overdose. Anthelmintic--By enema, 30 to 60
minims in mucilage of starch. Internally-Dose, 3 to 5 minims
in gum mucilage, syrup, or glycerine.
Eucalyptol, Eucalyptus globulus (Blue Gum). For inha-
lation in bronchial and throat affections. Obtained from the
Essential oil and is a homologue of camphor. Quantity em
ployed:-From half to one teaspoonful with half a pint of hot
water in the Inhaler.
Eucalyptic Acid, ordinary strength,
Eucalyptus globulus (Blue Gum)
Eucalyptic Acid, concentrated

Volatile obtainable by
fractional distillation, most
abundant in the Red and
Blue Gum species.
Liquor Eucalypti globuli, Eucalyptus globulus (Blue Gum).
Antiperiodic. The tonic or bitter principle obtained from the
leaves of the tree in an amorphous condition. An ague remedy.
It appears to counteract malaria without exerting the prejudicial.
effects of quinine on the nervous system. For Ague and Dengue
Fever, 30 to 60 minims in half a wine-glassful of mucilage and
water, or glycerine and water, with the occasional addition of
two minims of Eucalyptol every two or three hours during the
paroxysms of Ague. As a general Tonic, 20 to 30 minims
three times a day. Incompatibles......The Mineral Salts.
Tinct. Eucalypti Globuli. Stimulant, tonic, antiperiodic and
antiseptic. Dose, 20 to 30 minims.
Pulv. Eucalyptus Globulus Folia. Antiseptic, Cataplasma.
Cigarettes, Eucalyptus globulus (Blue Gum). Disinfectant
employed in bronchial and asthmatic affections.
Essential Oil, Eucalyptus amygdalina odorata (Peppermint
Gum). Rubefacient and disinfectant. This oil is generally
2.

FEROVANIE VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.
409
known as the "Eucalyptus Oil," employed externally in rheu-
matic affections, and in the manufactories chiefly for perfumery,
soaps, &c. An excellent and very agreeable disinfectant if
mixed with sawdust in the proportion of four ounces of oil to
the bushel.
Ointment of Eucalyptus odorata. Employed in fœtid suppu-
rations and indolent wounds.
Red Gum. (From Eucalyptus rostrata of Victoria.) The
delicate mucilaginous arstringent possessed by this species of
the Eucalypti renders it more effective than the Acacia catechu
in all cases of dysentery, diarrhoea, and throat affections.
Generally employed in the form of a syrup.
Essential Oil, Eucalyptus oleosa (Mallee Scrub). Employed
chiefly in the manufacture of oil and spirit varnishes. Varnish
containing this oil in the place of spirits of turpentine is said
neither to bloom nor crack. It is a perfect solvent of india-
rubber without heat.
India-rubber with the Essential Oil, Eucalyptus oleosa
(Mallee Scrub). Showing the two in combination.
Potash, Eucalyptus oleosa (Mallee Scrub). Obtained from
the scrub after being deprived of its volatile oil.
Essential Oil, Eucalyptus rostrata (Red Gum of Victoria).
Essential Oil, Eucalyptus sideroxylon
(Ironbark Gum)
Essential Oil, Eucalyptus persicifolia
(Peach Gum)
Essential Oil, Eucalyptus citriodora
(Sweet-scented Gum, Queensland)
Essential Oil, Eucalyptus fissilis (Mess-
mate)
Essential Oil, Eucalyptus Stuartiana
(Apple tree Gum)
Essential Oil, Eucalyptus goniocalyx
(White Gum)
INDIGENOUS.
Specimen Sam-
ples showing the
variety of aroma
existing in the
Eucalypti.
Essential Oil, Atherosperma moschatum (Native Sassafras),
Diaphoretic, diuretic and sedative. Obtained from the bark, it
exerts a specific lowering influence on the heart's action.
Atherospermine, Atherospherma moschatum (Native Sassa-
fras). An alkaloid obtained from the bark. Tonic.
Salts of Lime, Atherosperma moschatum (Native Sassafras).
Obtained from the bark.
Bark, Atherosperma moschatum (Native Sassafras).
Essential Oil, Melaleuca ericifolia (Teatree).
Resin, Pinus callitris (Murray Pine). Obtainable in quantity
from under the pines growing on ridges in the Mallee country.
Resin, Xanthorrhoea Australis (Grasstree of Australia).
Soluble in spirit, of a deep amber colour, obtainable in large
quantities; employed for staining wood to imitate cedar.
NON-INDIGENOUS.
Opium, Papaver somnifera (Sleeping Poppy). Cultivated in
Victoria, yielding ten per centum of Morphia.
Morphia, from the Victorian Opium.
Capsules, Papaver somnifera (Sleeping Poppy). Specimens
of growth.
Essential Oil, Mentha piperita (English Peppermint). Culti-
vated in Victoria, and distilled by exhibitor four years ago.
Hood & Co., Elizabeth Street, Melbourne.--Pharmaceutical
preparations.
Fitts, Charles, & Sons, 67, Cecil Street, Emerald Hill.—
Neatsfoot Oil, Trotter Oil.
Kitchen & Sons, Little Flinders Street West, Melbourne.-
Stearine Candles, Large Carriages Candles.
Borthwick, Alexander, 35, Market Street, Melbourne.-Var-
nishes, manufactured by the Victoria Varnish Company; Anti-
fouling Composition for Ships' Bottoms, patented by exhibitor;
Cast Iron Pedestal Pillars, enamelled by exhibitor's process;
Anticorrosive Paint.
Bowman, John, S., 31, Russell Street, Melbourne.-Colonial
Crayons, made principally from colonial clays, containing 600
shades.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Crayons.
Lewis & Whitty, Charles Street, Fitzroy.-Blacking.
Hogg, S. P., & Co., Collins Street West, Melbourne.-Curry
Powder.
Lewis & Whitty, Charles Street, Fitzroy.-Perfumed Hair
Oil, Culinary Essences, Curry Powder.
Perry, Hunter, & Co., Forest Street, Sandhurst. Varieties
of Safety Fuse.
CERAMICS, POTTERY, PORCELAIN, &C.
Birmingham & Lacy, Barkly Street, Brunswick.-Red
Building Bricks, White Pressed and Moulded Bricks.
Nolan, Luke, Gillbrook Pottery, Brunswick.-Stoneware
Draining Pipes.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Fireclay Crucibles, Encaustic Tiles, Trusses,
Vases, &c.
Adams, R. T., Prince's Bridge, Melbourne.-Earthenware
Household and Office Filters, 10 gallons, 6 x 3; Syphon Tank
Filter, with 12 ft. of tube; High-pressure Copper Filter, inside
silvered, self-cleansing, for public institutions, schools, &c.,
made expressly for the Yan Yean and other Waterworks.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Earthenware and Pottery.
Nolan, Luke, Gillbrook Pottery, Brunswick.-Bronze Vases.
Stone Porous Jugs. Patent Damp-proof for floor ventilation.
Ferguson and Urie, Collins Street East, Melbourne.-Stained
-Glass for windows.
Gledhill, Melbourne.-Glass Bottles.
Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Company, Emerald Hill.
-Glass Bottles.
Mount & Co., Graham Street, Emerald Hill.-Assortment
of Glassware.

410
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.- Glassware.
Alcock & Co., Russell Street, Melbourne.-Blackwood
Billiard Table with carved legs, Huon-pine twist mouldings and
pannels. Billiard Cues, Rests, and Balls. Cue Stand. Com-
bination Marking Board. Cue Stand, with specimens of spiral
twist work in Australian wood. Console Table.
Carr and Sons, 128, Spring Street, Melbourne.-Inside
Venetian Blind, with check action. Wire Blind. Spanish and
Florentice Blinds. Spring Roller Blind.
Window Sash, with Venetian shutters, &c.
Dwarf Blind.
Davis, J., Richmond.-Davis's Patent Window Sash.
Hodgson Brothers, View Place, Sandhurst.-Patent Self-acting
Venetian Blind. Spring Roller Blind. The special feature in
this exhibit is the new and improved method of painting the
Venetian Blind, it being superior and more lasting than the
usual method of treating the mineral green used for painting.
McEwan, James, 361, Spencer Street, Melbourne.-Eight-feet
Sideboard, made of Picked Richmond Cedar. The carving
enrichments consist of nine carved figures, the centre ornament
on glass back represents the head of Minerva.
Muschialli, Louis, 102, Collins Street, East Melbourne.-
Pier Glass. Console Table.
Baker, John, Emerald Hill.-Baker's Patent Safety Steps.
Wiegmann, August, 45, Post Office Place, Melbourne.-
Basketware Cradles. Basketware Perambulators. Basketware
Chairs. Basketware Flower Stands. Baskets.
Walker, A. R., 40, Latrobe Street West, Melbourne.-Re-
flector Gas Cooking Stove. Reflector Gas Cooking Stove with
Boiler.
Shaw, Alfred, & Co., 13, Little Collins Street West.-Millet
Brooms and Whisks.
Guthrie, G. D., Epsom, Sandhurst.-Collection of Pottery
Ware in cane, rockingham, brownware, granite, &c., con-
sisting of bread pans, butter jars, cheese dishes and pans,
cream pots, churns, jam pots, jelly jars, pudding bowls, baking
dishes, jugs, jars, pipkins, wicker, jars and bottles, teapots,
gallon bottles, gingerbeer bottles, kegs, water filters, blacking
bottles, footpans, footwarmers, spittoons, fowl fountains, grate
backs, &c.
Bogle, Andrew, & Co., 21, Flinders Street East, Melbourne.
-The Household Help,-Bogle's Patent Boot and Shoe
Brushing and Cutters' Polishing and Sharpening Machine.
Pausacker, Evans, & Co., 8, Lonsdale Street West, Melbourne.
-Registered-edge Solid Leather Portmanteaus, of Colonial
make, leather, and workmanship.
Draper and Sons, 83, Bourke Street West.-Patent Earth-
closets and Fittings.
YARNS AND WOVEN GOODS OF VEGETABLE OR MINERAL
MATERIALS.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-New Zealand Flax, in natural state, materials
made from it.
Donaghy, Michael, Rope Works, Geelong.-Manila Flat
Rope. Italian Lash Line. Deep Sea Line. Ham Twine.
Miller, James, & Co., 61, Flinders Street, Melbourne.-Euro-
pean and Manila Rope, Deep Sea and Whale Line.
McPherson, Thomas, 205, Bourke Street West, Melbourne.-
Cornsacks. Woolpacks. Sugar Bagging.
Barwon Woollen Mill Company, Geelong.-Tweeds, manu-
factured at the Barwon Woollen Mill Company, Geelong.
Gray, Alexander, & Co., Albion Woollen Mills, Geelong.-
Plain and fancy Tweeds, manufactured at the Albion Wollen
Mills, Geelong.
Ballarat Woollen Company, Ballarat.-Shawls; Tweeds
Blankets.
Barwon Woollen Mill Company, Geelong.-Blankets, manu-
factured by the Barwon Woollen Mill Company, Geelong.
Botanic Gardens, Director of, Melbourne.-Woollen Cloth
and Silk, dyed with bark of Laportea gigas, the Tree Nettle,
Queensland and New South Wales. Prepared by W. R.
Guilfoyle (A 5). Woollen Cloth and Silk, dyed with husks of
Sterculia diversifola, the Native Wattle Tree, Victoria. Prepared
by W. R. Guilfoyle (A 6). Woollen Cloth; also piece of Silk,
dyed with bark of Pimelia axiflora, Currijong of the aborigines,
Victoria. Prepared by W. R. Guilfoyle (A 4). Woollen
Cloth; also piece of Silk, dyed with bark of Dais continifolia,
South Africa. Mordanted with acetate of iron. Prepared by
W. R. Guilfoyle, Director of Melbourne Botanic Gardens.
Robertson, John, 39, Lonsdale Street East, Melbourne.-
Dyed Angora Goat's Fleece, grown and prepared by the
exhibitor.
Zoological and Acclimatisation Society, Melbourne.-Angora
Goat's Hair, grown at Sir Samuel Wilson's Mount Bute Estate,
shorn from the Angora flock belonging to the above Society.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Silk Cocoons, from the Acclimatisation Society,
Victoria. Silk Cocoons, from Mrs. Bladen Neill. Cultivated
Silk, in cocoons and hanks, also bleached, dyed, and worked
upon llama.
Timbrell, Ann, Plenty Road, Collingwood.-Cocoons pro-
duced by silkworms from Japan, France, Italy, and Greece.
Victoria Ladies' Sericulture Company (Limited), Mount
Alexander, Castlemaine.-Silk, desiccated and pierced Cocoons.
Timbrell, Ann, Plenty Road, Collingwood. Silk (raw
material in hank).
-
Timbrell, Ann, Plenty Road, Collingwood.-Victorian Silk,
worked on Brussels net.
·Ford Brothers, 421, King Street, Melbourne.-Pith Hats, in
Felt, Silk, Merino, &c.
Rosier, John, 46, Swanstone Street, Melbourne.-Boots and
Shoes. Studies from the feet of the statues in the Statuary
Gallery, Melbourne Public Library.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne, Myall Pipes; Rouleau Boxes, made of myall
wood.

VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA. ZA
411
Ford Brothers, 421, King Street, Melbourne.-Pith Sun-
shades for horses.
De Richelieu, Madam F., Union Street, Windsor.-Orna-
ments made from fish scales, &c.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Address Case of Inlaid Leather. Made by J. W.
Evans.
Botanic Gardens, Director of, Melbourne. Paper made
from bark, stems, and leaves of Trees, Plants, and Shrubs,
found and growing in Victoria Broussonetia papyrifera
(Paper Mullberry Tree); Salvia Canariensis; Dais con-
tinifolia; Eucalyptus obliqua (Stringy bark); Eucalyptus
fissilis (Messmate); Abutilon mollis (Soft-leaved Abutilon);
Abutilon venosum (Veined Lantern Flower); Pimelia axiflora
(Currijong); Commersonia Fraseri, Queensland (Lye Plant);
Pittosporum crassifolium (Thick-leaved Pittosporum); Pipturus
propinquus (Queensland Grasscloth Plant); Melaleuca erici-
folia (Common Tea Tree); Melaleuca genistifolia (Broom-
leaved Tea Tree); Sterculia diversifolia (Victorian Bottle
Tree); Sterculia acerifolia (Flame Tree); Boehmeria nivea
(Chinese Grasscloth Plant); Sida pulchella (Victorian Hemp);
Sida retusa (Queensland Hemp); Melaleuca squarrosa (Vic-
torian Nettle).
Paper made from stems of Urtica incisa (Victorian Nettle);
Ehrharta tenacissima; Carex appressa; Carex pseudo-cyperus ;
Isolepeis nodosa; Juncus pauciflorus (Few-flowered Rush).
Paper made from stems and leaves of Gahnia psittacorum,
var. erythrocarpum; Lepidosperma elatius (Tall Sword Rush);
Cordyline indivisa (Tall Palm Lily); Phormium tenax (New
Zealand Flax); Gynerium argenteum (Pampas Grass);
Arundo conspicua (Plume Grass): Fourcroya gigantea (Giant
Lily); Cyperus sp.; Juncus maritimus (Coast Rush); Juncus
vaginatus (Small Sheathed Rush); Juncus vaginatus (Large
Sheathed Rush); Lepidosperma gladiatum (Coast Sword
Rush); Typha angustifolia (Native Bulrush); Scirpus fluvia-
tilis;
Marica Northiana; Xerotes longifolia (Native Tussock
Grass); Pandanus utilis (Screw Pine); Cyperus lucidus ;
Conferva sp. (Swamp Moss); Dianella latifolia; Caryota urens
(Jaggery Palm).
Ramsden, Samuel, Prince's Bridge, Melbourne.-Papers.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Westley Richards' Breech-loading Rifle. Abori-
ginal Weapon. Native Axe. Victorian Aboriginal Imple-
ments and Weapons.
Stanway, South W., Yarra.-Models of chairs for Invalids.
Danks, John, Bourke Street West, Melbourne.-Steam Valves.
Steam Cocks. Check Valves. Suet Lubricators. Injectors.
Sluice Valves. Roscoe's Lubricators. General Brass Foundry.
McIlwraith, John, Little Collins Street East, Melbourne.-
Tinned Composition Gas Pipe, hydraulic pressed. Pure Vic-
torian Tin Tube, hydraulic pressed.
Bothwell, Wade, 52, Bank Street West, Melbourne.-Lady's
Saddle. Gentleman's Saddle. Set of Buggy Harness. Green
Hide Girth. Lady's Riding Bridle. Gentleman's Hunting
Bridle. Stock Whips, myall-wood handles.
1-in. Im-
Glenister, W. A., Mercer Street, Geelong.-14-in. Colling's
Patent Axletree Arm. 1-in. Mail Patent Axle.
proved Half-patent Axle. 1-inch Common Nut Axle. Model
of Colling's Patent Crank.
Stoneman, Alfred, Stephenson Street, Richmond.-Buggy
Side Springs. Elliptic Side Springs. Spring-cart Side
Springs.
Stevenson and Elliott, King Street, Melbourne.-Landau,
with patent hood, patent steps, and patent fittings for inside
seats.
Educational Department of Victoria, Melbourne.-Photo-
graphic Views of State Schools in Victoria, viz.: Golden
Point, Ballarat; Mount Pleasant, Ballarat; Redan, Ballarat ;
Sebastopol, Ballarat ; Golden Square, Sandhurst; Gravel Hill,
Sandhurst; Sandhurst, Daylesford, Maryborough, North
Clunes, Carisbrook, Mortchup, Talbot; Mount Doran, Car-
digan, North Eaglehawk, Maldon, Beechworth, Buningyong
Coburg, Sandridge, North Ashby, Geelong; Swanston Street
Geelong; George Street, Fitzroy; North Fitzroy; Brighton
Street, Richmond; Yarra Park, Richmond; Brighton, North
Prahran, Hotham, Emerald Hill, St. Kilda, Gold Street, Colling
wood; Latrobe Street, Melbourne.
Victorian Asylum and School for the Blind, Melbourne.-
Objects, the work of the Pupils of the Victorian Asylum and
School for the Blind.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Collection of books printed in Melbourne. Official
Catalogues of the Victorian Intercolonial Exhibition of 1875.
The Land Acts of Victoria 1869 to 1873.
Ferres, John, Government Printer, Melbourne.-Reports
and Statistics from the principal Government Institutions of
Melbourne.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Portfolios of Music, by W. H. Glen. Bell and

Stand.
Pianoforte.
Kilner, Joseph, Bosisto Street, Richmond.
Dulciana trichord instrument, full compass, with metal string
plates, ivory-fronted keys, with perfect check repeater action,
built on the soundest scientific theories, tone dolest; manufac-
tured entirely from Colonial timber. Pianoforte. Full cottage,
trichord throughout, three pedals, full metal plates, extended
sound-board of Kauri pine, improved bass bridge, patent perfect
repeater, check action, ivory-fronted keys, oval key pins, with
the latest improvements. Colonial manufacture.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition,
Melbourne.-Maps of the Colony of Victoria. Map of Coal-
field.
Surveyor-General of Victoria, Melbourne.-Maps and Plans
of the Colony of Victoria.
Commissioners for Victoria for the Philadelphia Exhibition
Melbourne.-Maps and Geological Sketches.


412
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.--COLONIAL SECTION.
Cl. 342.
Cl. 344.
Cl. 345.
Cl. 347.
Cl. 349.
Cl. 400.
Cl. 402.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Patent Ceiling Ventilator, with ornamental
centre-piece. Model of Victorian Bush Resi-
dence, with Huts and various kinds of fencing
used in Australia.
Bank of Victoria, Collins Street, East,
Melbourne. Bank Notes, issued by the Bank
of Victoria. Statistics of the Bank, and its
branches.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Sovereigns and Half-sovereigns, coined at
the Victorian Branch of the Royal Mint,
Melbourne.
Commercial Bank of Australia, Mel-
bourne. Specimens of Bank Notes issued by
the Commercial Bank of Australia. Photo-
graphs and Statistics of the Commercial
Bank.
National Bank of Australasia, Mel-
bourne. Specimens of Bank Notes issued by
the National Bank of Australasia. Statistics
of the National Bank.
Penal Department, Inspector-Gene-
ral of, Melbourne. Warder's Uniform,
Prisoner's Clothing, and Sundries.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Baskets, Mats, Trays, and Nets, made at
Coranderrk Aboriginal Mission Station.
Vocabulary of Victorian Aboriginal Dialects.
Aboriginal Vocabulary and Treatise. Blue-
stone Tomahawk. Photographic Portraits of
Victorian Aborigines.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Victorian Ensign, Blue, Local Naval Forces.
Victorian Ensign, Red, Merchant Vessels.
English Red Ensign.200
Summers Charles. Hypermnestra and
Lynceus Group.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Exhibition, Melbourne.
Philadelphia
Medals of the Victorian Intercolonial Exhibi-
tion, 1875. Seal of the Melbourne Public
Library. Seal of the Melbourne University.
Seal of the Melbourne Exhibition, 1862.
www
Campbell, O. R., Punt Road, Windsor.
Crossing the Plains.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Specimens of Heraldic Painting on Panels,
including a Viscount's, an Earl's, and a
Baron's Coat of Arms.
Curtis, J. W., Bourke Street East, Mel-
bourne. Track off the Point Nepean Road.
Guerard, E. Von, Gipps Street East,
Melbourne. Pulpit Rock, Cape Schank.
Phillip Island. Ballarat in 1873.
Johnstone, H. J., Bourke Street East,
Melborne. "Summer Sunset-Lagoon near
Seymour."
Whitehead, Isaac, Collins Street East,
Melbourne. Dandenong State Forest.
Bowman, John S., 31, Russell Street.
The Knob in the Australian Alps, Crayon-
Miss Bowman, In the Australian Alps,
Crayon-Miss Adams. Fall from the Omeo
Plains, Crayon. "Valley in North Gipps Land,
Crayon. A Pool in the Otway Ranges,
Crayon-F. Shaw. Bushy Park, Crayon.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia ⠀⠀ Exhibition, Melbourne.
Lithographs of Fossil Fruits and Seeds.
PHOTOGRAPHY.
64
Ararat, Shire Council of, Ararat.
Photographic Views and Statistics of the
Shire of Ararat.
Batchelder & Co., Collins Street East,
Melbourne. Photographs of Persons born in
the Colony of Victoria.
Bock, Henry, Sale, Gippsland. Photo-
graphs of Victorian Native Flowers.
Chuck, T. F., Royal Arcade, Melbourne.
Photographs of Persons born in the Colony
of Victoria.
Colac, Shire Council of, Colac. Photo-
graphic Views of the District of Colac.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Photographic Views.
Creswick, Borough Council of, Cres-
wick. Photographic Views and Statistics of
the Borough of Creswick.
Cl. 410.
Cl. 420.

Cl. 423.
Cl. 430.
*
༡ ་་་ ས་་་

VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.
413
Cl. 430.
Darebin, Shire Council of, East
Bourke. Photographic Views and Statistics
of the Shire of Darebin.
Echuca, Borough Council of, Echuca.
Photographic Views and Statistics of Echuca.
Emerald Hill, Borough Council of,
Emerald Hill. Photographic Views of Emerald
Hill.
Hotham, Town Council of, Hotham.
Photographic Views and Statistics of the Town
of Hotham.
Johnstone,
Bourke Street,
coloured in Oils.
O'Shannessy,
Melbourne.
Co.,
Photographs
M‘Donald, D., High Street, St. Kilda.
Photographic Views.
Noble, Timothy, Bourke Street East,
Melbourne. Photographs of Theatrical Cele-
brities. Chevalier Blondin, Hero of Niagara.
Phonix Foundry Co. (Limited),
Ballarat. Photograph of Locomotives,
Engine, and Tender, manufactured for the
Victorian Government by the exhibitors.
Prahran, Town Council of, Prahran.
Photographic Views and Statistics of the
Town of Prahran.
Robertson Brothers, Colac. Coloured
Photographs of Cattle bred by exhibitors.
Sandhurst, City of, Sandhurst. Photo-
graphic Views and Statistics of the City of
Sandhurst.
Stewart & Co., Bourke Street East,
Melbourne. Photographs of Persons born in
the Colony of Victoria.
Surveyor-General of Victoria, Mel-
bourne. Photographic Views of Botanical
Gardens, Fitzroy Gardens, Carlton Gardens,
Flagstaff Gardens, Melbourne (14).
Wangaratta, Shire Council of, Wan-
garatta. Photographic Views and Statistics
of the Shire of Wangaratta.
Willett, G., Bridge Street, Ballarat.
Coloured Photographs.
Wilson, Sir Samuel, Ercildoun. Photo-
graphs:-Team of Hereford Bullocks, bred
by exhibitor. Residence of Exhibitor (2).
Prize Sheep, bred by exhibitor.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Biographical Charts of the Schools of Venice,
the Venetian States, Genoa, Cremona, Mantua,
Milan, Ferrara, Modena, and Palermo. Tools.
Imperial folio, morocco, extra gilt.
Dowling, William, Emerald Hill. Centre
Flowers. Trusses.
Heathcote, T. S., Carlton. Painted
Panels, Imitation Siena Marble. Painted
Panels, Imitation Italian Pink Marble.
Murphy, Edward, Sandridge Road, Mel-
bourne. Centre Flowers and Ventilators.
Registered Ornamental Chimney Cap.
Paterson, Brothers, Carlton. Tablets of
Imitation Wood. Tablets of Imitation Marble.
Pepper, George, Windsor. Plasterer's
Models. Ceiling and Wall Patent Ventila-
tors.
Morrison, L. K., Melbourne Patent
Abyssinian Tube Wells and Pumps, with
Boring Apparatus.
White, David, Stawell. Patent Model
Safety Hook, to prevent accidents from over-
winding in Mining Claims. Full-sized
working Hook.
O'Malley, Edmund, 100, Elizabeth Street,
Melbourne. Ventilating Safety Cage, for
Mines. This Cage acts as a ventilator to the
mine, and should the rope break the cage will
stick in the shaft; there is also a bolt attached
to the rope which liberates the Cage on striking
poppet heads.
Harkness, A., & Co., Victoria Foundry,
Shamrock Street, Sandhurst. Cliff's Patent
Disc, fitted on screwed stamper shank. In-
side Shell, showing principle of Disc. Cook's
Patent Cam or Wiper, for lifting Revolving
Stamps.
Perry, Davis, & Co., Sandhurst. Stamper
Gratings.
Cornish & Co., 2, Elizabeth Street, Mel-
bourne. Seats for Railway Carriages.
Stoneman, Edward, Stephenson Street,
Richmond. Railway Truck Spring.
Cornish & Co., 2, Elizabeth Street, Mel-
bourne. Life Preserving Mattresses. Life
Buoys. Combined Life Belts and Pillows.
Cl. 432.
Cl. 442.

Cl. 501.
Cl. 503.
Cl. 504.
Cl. 505.
Cl. 571.
Cl. 573.
Cl. 590.


414
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
Cl. 600.
Cl. 601.
Cl. 602.
Cl. 603.
Cl. 620.
Model of Life Saving Raft. Seats and
Couches for general use in Ships. Ordinary
Mattresses.
Bass River Steam Saw Mills, Bass
River. Blue Gum Timber.
Botanic Gardens, Director of, Mel-
bourne. Carpological collection.
Commissioners for Philadelphia Ex-
hibition, Melbourne. Boxes made of Vic-
torian Woods.
Clark, John, & Sons, Lonsdale Street,
East, Melbourne. Wattle Bark for tanning
purposes. Ground Wattle Bark, for tanning
purposes.
Botanic Gardens, Director of, Mel-
bourne. Various Trees.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Myall Gum. Australian Rubber and Rubber
Stamp. Grass-tree Gum, in its crude state.
Adams, James, Wahring. White Tuscan
Wheat.
Buckley, Edward, Newbridge, Loddon.
Red Straw Wheat, from the Loddon district,
grown in the county of Gladstone. Red
Straw Wheat, grown in the county of Bendigo.
Connor, James, Allansford. Foxtail
Oats, grown at Merunga, near Warrnambool.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia⠀⠀⠀ Exhibition, Melbourne.
Grass-tree Plant. Purple Straw Wheat.
Gilmour, Andrew, Colvinsky, Buangor.
Oats, grown in the parish of Ballyrogan.
Jack, John, Oxley Plains, Ovens Dis-
trict. Frampton White Wheat, grown on
chocolate soil after English grass.
Laidlay, John, Bundoora, Plenty-road.
Wheat.
McNair, Angus, Bellerine East. New
Fodder Pea; yield, 45 bushels to the acre.
Moncrieff, John, Tabilk, Goulbourn
River. Purple Straw Wheat. White Wheat.
Myring, Joseph, Campbell's Creek, Cas-
tlemaine. Barley. WELL,
North-Eastern Pastoral and Agricul-
tural Society, Murchison. Wheat grown
by J. M'Nab, Tabilk.
O'Keefe, Andrew, Adelaide Vale, Clare
Inn. Purple Straw Wheat.
Polson, Angus, Chapman, Moyston.
English Barley. Tartarian Oats. Purple
Straw Wheat. White Wheat.
Rossi, Thomas, Dry Diggings, near
Daylesford. Purple Straw Wheat.
Schmitt, Louis, Mornington. Wheat.
Scott, James, Indigo, Chiltern. Wheat
grown by the exhibitor.
St. Arnaud Pastoral and Agricul-
tural Society, St. Arnaud. Short Oats.
Wheat. Barley.
Stewart & Ferguson, Indigo, Chiltern.
Wheat, grown by exhibitors.
Taylor, John, Allansford. Adelaide
Wheat, grown at Merunga, near Warrnam-
bool.
West Bourke Pastoral and Agricul-
tural Society, Romsey. White Tuscan
Wheat, grown by the Hon. T. F. Hamilton,
M.L.C., President of the Society.
Aboriginal Mission Station, Corran-
derrk. Victorian Hops, grown at the Cor-
randerrk Aboriginal Mission Station.
M'Kenzie, Jas. F., & Co., 3, Queen
Street, Melbourne. Eagle-brand Coffee.
Chicory, manufactured from root grown in
Victoria. Mixed Spice. Ground Cinnamon.
Homœopathic Cocoa, manufactured from
Trinidad nuts. Chocolate, manufactured from
Trinidad nuts. Vanilla Chocolate Sticks,
mauufactured from Trinidad nuts.
manufactured from seed grown in Victoria.
LAND ANIMALS.
Mustard,
St. John, F., 22, Chetwynd-street, West
Melbourne. Australian Birds.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Melbourne.
Philadelphia Exhibition,
Stuffed Water-fowl, by Chas. French.
Gaskell, Joseph, Elizabeth Street, Mel-
bourne. Australian Snipe.
Grimwood, Thomas, Eern Tree Gully.
Specimens of Quail, Snipe, Landrail.
Robertson, W. W., 52, Bridge Road,
Richmond. Collection of Australian Native
Birds.
Cl. 620.
Cl. 623.
Cl. 635.
.:.


VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.Znrikta
415
Cl. 637.
Cl. 638
Cl. 641.
Cl. 651.
Cl. 652.
Gaskell, Joseph, 118, Elizabeth Street,
Melbourne. Australian Wild Animals.
Godfrey, F. R., Melbourne. Australian
Wild Animals.
M'Coy, Professor, Melbourne Univer-
sity. Australian Wild Animals.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Manna, with the Insect producing it.
French, C., Botanic Gardens, Melbourne.
Australian Longicorns, buprestidal, &c.-the-
majority destructive to Timber by boring.
Australian Lepidoptera.
Timbrell, Ann, Plenty Road, Colling-
wood. Japan Black and White Silkworms,
modelled in Wax.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Brown Trout, preserved in Glass Globe.
St. John, F., 22, Chetwynd Street, Mel-
bourne. Australian Fish.
Bird, George, Inkerman, Lyndhurst.
Colonial-made Cheese.
Pierce, G. G., Bourke Street East, Mel-
bourne. Cheese from the Heidelberg factory.
Riddle, J., Lancefield. Cheese.
Brearley Bros., Geelong. Sole Leather.
Clark, John, & Sons, Lonsdale Street
East, Melbourne. Sole Leathers. Kip Leather.
Calf Skins. Kangaroo Skins. Wallaby Skins.
Sheepskins. Harness Leather. Basils.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Rugs made from the Skins of Victorian ani-
mals, viz., Kangaroo, Wallaby, Opossum,
Native Cat, Native Bear, &c.
Dunckley & M'Bride, 28, A'Beckett
Street East, Melbourne. Lines.
Fink, M, Geelong. Skins of the Wallaby,
Native Cat, Native Bear, and Opossum.
Fitts, Charles, & Sons, 67, Cecil Street,
Emerald Hill.
Glue.
Pearse Bros., Fremantle, Western Aus-
tralia. Dugong Fish Hide. Black Harness
Leather. Hides.
Penal Department, Inspector-General
of, Melbourne. Skins of Leather. Calf, Kip,
Harness, Black Leather, and Sole Leather.
Quinn, H. S., Newton Street, Richmond.
Dyed and White Wool Mats, consisting of
bright canary, dark amber, roan, magenta,
violet, and white. Kangaroo Glove Leathers.
Wallis & Co., Burnley Street, Richmond.
Shoe Leathers and Furniture Leathers for
jewel cases, &c. &c.
Boddy, Edward, Nagambie. Fine Flour.
Hood, F. & J., 81, Elizabeth Street North,
Melbourne. Victorian-made Malt.
Martin, P. J., Little Flinders Street East,
Melbourne. Victorian Malt.
McKenzie, Jas. F., & Co., 3, Queen
Street, Melbourne. Oatmeal, manufactured
from colonial oats. Groats, manufactured
from colonial oats. Brosemeal.
Myring,
Castlemaine.
Joseph,
Joseph, Campbell's Creek,
Colonial Malt.
Perrin, William, Jun.,, Stephenson
Street, Richmond. Victorian Malt, made
from Victorian and New Zealand grown barley.
Bennett, T. K., Bourke Street, Melbourne.
Preserved Meats, consisting of Roast Beef,
Boiled Beef, Corned Beef, Boiled Mutton,
Roast Mutton, Ox-tail Soup, Mock Turtle
Soup, and Potted Head.
Botanic Gardens, Director of, Mel-
bourne. Jam made from Kaii Apples.
Comport, Henry, Cheltenham. Tomato
Sauce.
Grant, Mrs., Bridge Road, Richmond.
Tomato Sauce.
Lyon, George, Beechworth. Tomato
Sauce.
Melbourne Meat Preserving Co., 56,
Queen Street, Melbourne. Preserved Meats.
Stringer & Co., 43, King Street, Mel-
bourne. Mixed Pickles. Sauces. Curry
Powder.
Watson & Paterson, Bourke Street
West, Melbourne. Hams. Middles of Bacon.
Mess Pork.
Western Meat Preserving Co. (Li-
mited), Colac. Preserved Meats, comprising
Cl. 652.
Cl. 657.
Cl. 656.

416
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
Cl. 656.
Cl. 660.
Roast Beef, Corned Beef, Roast Turkey, Ox-
tail Soup, Brown Rabbit Soup, &c.
Wright, Payne, & Co., Chapel Street
South Yarra. Jams made from Victorian
fruits, consisting of golden drop, raspberry,
green-gage, plum, damson, violet plum, mag-
num bonum plum, black currant, and goose-
berry.
Zorn, Edward, Clayton's Road, near Oak-
leigh. Tomato Sauce. Zorn's Oakleigh Sauce.
ARARAT DISTRICT.
Trouette & Blampied, Great Western.
Burgundy, 1871. Mixed Grapes, Claret,
1871. Riesling, Little Muscat, 1874.
Best, Joseph, Great Western. Hermi-
tage, 1871.
BEECHWORTH DISTRICT.
Docker, F. G. J. B., Wangaratta.
Shiraz, 1869.
Evans, Henry, Beechworth. Shiraz,
1872.
CASTLEMAINE DISTRICT.
Mellon, Francis, Dunolly. Hermitage,
1871. Pineau, 1872.
Botten, William, Eddington. Burgundy,
1869.
Jung, Otto, Castlemaine.
1871. Roussette, 1871.
Hermitage,
Schroeder, E., Castlemaine. Riesling and
Pineau Blanc, 1870.
Crippa, Fabrizzio, Hepburn. Hermitage,
1871.
ECHUCA DISTRICT.
Greer & Co., Echuca.
Co., Echuca. Shiraz, 1871.
Shiraz, fruity, 1872. Shiraz, 1873.
Vettler, John, Echuca. Hermitage,
1870. Grenache, 1870. Verdeilho, 1872.
Carbinet Sauvignon, 1871.
GEELONG DISTRICT.
Weber, Jacob, Geelong. Hermitage,
1874.
Deppeler, Jacob, Gheringhap. Her-
mitage, 1874.
Ritchie, John, Murgheboluc, Geelong,
Hermitage, 1874.
GOULBURN DISTRICT.
Bear & Ford, Tabilk Vineyard, near
Seymour. Riesling, 1872.
Egli, F., Tabilk. Hermitage, 1873.
MELBOURNE DISTRICT.
Schmitt, Franz, Berwick. Riesling,
1872.
Francis, Charles, Sunbury. Hermitage,
1871. Gouais, 1870.
St. Hubert's Vineyard Co., Yering,
Riesling, 1869. Chasselas, 1869. Chasselas,
1871.
Johnston, J. S., Craiglie Vineyard, Sun-
bury. Riesling, 1872. Verdeilho, 1871.
Hermitage, 1869. Riesling, Shepherd's, and
German, 1871.
Maplestone, Charles, Ivanhoe Lodge.
Heidelberg. Hermitage and Carbinet, 1870,
Riesling, large and small, 1872. Riesling,
1870.
Brasche, Charles, Sunbury. Shepherd's
Riesling, 1871.
Snowden, E. G., Boroondara. Riesling
(large), 1871.
MURRAY DISTRICT.
Smith, G. S., Wahgunyah. Muscatel,
1869.
SANDHURST DISTRICT.
Pohl, Carl, Strathfieldsaye. Hermitage,
1870. Hermitage, 1871. Hermitage, 1873.
Hermitage, 1874. Carbinet and Hermitage,
1868. Verdeilho, 1874.
Bruhn, Albert, Strathfieldsaye, Sandhurst,
Verdeilho, 1872. Hermitage, 1874. Carbinet
and Hermitage, 1873. Mataro, 1874.
Fuchs, Adolph, Strathfieldsaye, Sand-
hurst. Verdeilho, 1873. Hermitage, 1873.
Carbinet, 1873.
Fischer, August, Shamrock Vineyard,
Emu Creek, Strathfieldsaye. Verdeilho,
1874. Verdeilho, 1873. Hermitage, 1874.
Shaw, F. K., Goornong. Hermitage,
1871.
Grosse, Frederick, Strathfieldsaye. Her-
mitage, 1873. Carbinet, 1873.
Cl. 660.
܀܀


VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA. IZ Jeunt:735M
417
Cl. 660.
Cl. 661.
Cl. 665.
Cl. 666.
M'Pherson, Thomas, & Co., 205, Bourke Cl. 666.10
Street West, Melbourne. Jute, in raw state.
Grosse, Frederick, Toorongo Vineyard,
Bendigo. Verdeilho, 1873.
Greiffenhagen, Wm., Strathfieldsaye,
Riesling, 1871. Hermitage, 1872.
Brown, H. J., Australian Distillery, Mel-
bourne. Geneva. Spirits of Wine,
Fuller, Alfred, Kew. Bottled Ale and
Stout.
Henelly, James, 140, Latrobe Street
West, Melbourne. XXXX Ale.
Latham, Edward, Carlton Brewery,
Carlton. Ale. Porter.
Martin, P. J., Little Flinders Street East,
Melbourne. Ale Brewed from Victorian Malt
and Tasmanian Hops.
Reed, Henry, & Co., Chapel Street,
South Yarra. Vinegar, in bulk, and bottle.
Stewart, James, Eaglehawk, Sandhurst.
Ale. Bottled Ale.
Treacy, John, & Co., Geelong. Pale
Ale and Stout, in bottle.
Distillery
Company,
Warrenheip
Sturt Street, Ballarat. Whisky, 1874, 1875.
Geneva, proof and o.p. Spirits of Wine.
Guest, T. B., & Co., William Street, Mel-
bourne. Fancy Biscuits, consisting of Ginger
Nuts, Victorias, Meal Crackers, Cracknells,
Picnics, Lime Biscuits.
Smith & Son, Miller and Anderson
Streets West, Melbourne. Fancy and Dessert
Biscuits.
Swallow & Ariell, Sandridge and Mel-
bourne. Fancy Biscuits. Cabin and Pilot
Biscuits.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Samples of Cotton, grown from New Orleans
Seed on the Murray, Victoria.
Atkinson, William, Camperdown.
Teazles, one stave containing 300 head.
Longmire, Thomas, Kooroocheang,
Smeaton. Two Samples of Flax Stalks, and
Seeds thereon, Nos. 1 and 2. No. 1 sown on
20th May, 1874, No. 2 sown on 1st September,
1874. Both samples grown on similar land,
the only difference being in time of sowing.
Armstrong, Alexander, Warramtine, Cl. 667.
Shelford. Merino Fleeces.
Arnold, George, & Co., Market Build-
ings, Melbourne. Merino Fleeces.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Wool.
Currie, John Lang, Larra, Derimallum,
Victoria. Lambs' and Merino Ewe Wool.
Degraves, C. & J., Coliban Park, El-
phinstone. Washed Fleece Wool, Lambs".
Elder, W. & N. G., Elder, Rookwood.
Merino Wool.
Gilbert, Alfred Napoleon, Warwilla
Station, Wanganilla, Deniliquin. Merino
Wool.
Goldsbrough, R., & Co., Wool Ware-
house, Bourke Street West. Wool,
Greeves, Edward G., Berriallock, Skip-
ton Victoria. Merino Wool.
Hastings Cunningham & Co., The
Australasian Wool Stores, Collins Street
West. Fleeces of Merino Wool from sundry
breeders.
Henty, Edward, Portland. Wool.
Keynes, Joseph, Keyneton, South
Australia. Wool.
Lang, William, Wargam, Wanganilla,
New South Wales. Wool.e date all eat
Moore & Co., Coorong, near Hay, N.S.W.
Wool.
M'Vean, John, Wooloomoonoo, N.S.W.
Wool.
Reeves, Isaac Godfrey, Footscray,
Melbourne. Wool.
Russell, Thomas, Barunah Plains, Mount
Hesse. Wool.imotion
Routledge, William, Farnham Park,
Warrnambool. Fleeces.ulbul Burp
Rutherford, Andrew, Como, Kensing-
ton, Geelong. Fleeces, Wool.
V47 30 adošlqhtas¤ I#T
Synnot, Monckton, Little Flinders
Street, Melbourne. Wool.
D D
TOP D

36714.
418
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.-COLONIAL SECTION.
Cl. 667.30
Cl. 688.
Cl. 670.
Cl. 674.
Cl. 707.
Cl. 709.
©
Synnott, & George, & Co., Geelong.
Wool. W
Thomas, C. Thomas, Bay Street, North
Sandbridge. Dressed Skin.
Timms Brothers, Mount Hesse, Beeac.
Wool.
Watson, Alexander, Warribee. Merino
Fleeces.
Wilson, Sir Samuel, Oakleigh Hall,
East St. Kilda. Fleeces.
Wilson, John, Lismore. Merino Wool.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Silk Cocoons.
Howard, John, near Albury. Sample
Cocoons, Floss Silk, &c.
Lennon, Hugh, Elizabeth Street North,
Melbourne. Excelsior Double Furrow
Plough.
Bodington, Robert, 4, Queensbury
Street, Carlton. Sharp's Patent Sheep Sup-
port on Rollers, used in the Washing of Sheep
by Spouts or Jets.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Tree and Todea Ferns.
Commissioners for Victoria for the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
The following fac-similes consist of speci-
mens, the originals of which were selected
during the past season, modelled and arranged
for the Commissioners by Mr. Thos. M'Millan.
They embrace most of all the important spe-
cies cultivated, and in many cases such as-
sortments of varieties as are calculated to
sufficiently illustrate the orchard and
open ground fruit-producing capabilities of
Victoria.
y=kg.
other
ARBORESCENT FRUITS.
POMACEOUS FRUITS, INCLUDING THE APPLE
AND PEAR AND THEIR ALLIES.
The Apple-Pyrus malus. How
The Pear-Pyrus communis.ouvl
fy(2)
(2) ) The Quince—Cydonia vulgaris.
The Medlar-Mespilus Germanica.
The Loquat-Eriobotrya Japonica.
of the Victorian Exhibits
STONE FRUITS, OR FLESHY DRUPES.
1. Drupaceæ veræ.
The Peach-Amygdalus.
The Nectarine-Amygdalus Persic a var.
The Apricot-Prunus Armeniaca.
The Plum-Prunus domestica.
The Cherry-Prunus cerasus.
2. Oleacea.
The Glea Europaea (Photograph).
BERRIED OR BACCATE FRUITS AND THEIR
MODIFICATIONS.
The Grape-Vitis vinifera.
The Mulberry-Morus nigra.
The Fig-Ficus carica.
The Pomegranate-Punica Granatum.
The Orange or Citron tribe-Citrus.
The Kau Apple-Aberia Caffra.
The Gooseberry-Ribes Grossularia.
The Black Currant-Ribes nigrum.
The Red Currant-Ribes rubrum.
The White Currant-Ribes rubrum fr.
Album.
The Raspberry-Rubus idæus.
NUTS AND DRY DRUPES.
The Almond, Walnut, and Hazel.
ANNUAL AND PERENNIAL HERBACEOUS
FRUITS.
The Strawberry-Fragaria vesca.
The Tomato-Lycopersicum esculentum.
The Egg Apple. Melongena-Solanum
melongena.
The Cape Gooseberry-Physalis edulis.
The Capsicum-C. Annuum.
For illustrations of the Melon, Cucumber,
Squash and Gourd, see Photographs.
Book Collection of Phænogamous Plants,
Shrubs, Trees, Herbs.
Commissioners for Victoria at the
Philadelphia Exhibition, Melbourne.
Citron or Orange Tribe, 17 species. Cherries,
25 species, 3 fruits each. Figs, 4 varieties.
Pears. Strawberries. Plums. Apples.
Apricots. Currants. Gooseberries. Walnuts.
Peaches.
Gaskell, Mrs., 118 Elizabeth Street.
Melbourne. Fac-similes of Victorian Bush
Flowers.
:
Cl. 709.

Full Descriptions of the Victorian Exhibits are given in Catalogues sold in Victorian Section.

LONDON:
Printed by GEORGE E. EYRE and WILLAM SPOTTISWOODE,
Printers to the Queen's most Excellent Majesty.
For Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1876,
PHILADELPHIA.
PART II.
EXHIBITORS' COMMERCIAL GUIDE.
[Price 50 cents.]
24

36247.
#
#
ľ
"
THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1876, PHILADELPHIA.
EXHIBITORS' COMMERCIAL GUIDE,
CONTAINING, AMONG OTHER PAPERS, THE
UNITED STATES TARIFF OF IMPORT DUTIES
UPON
ARTICLES OF PRODUCE AND MANUFACTURES,
IN ENGLISH CURRENCY
TOGETHER WITH
AN EPITOME OF THE AMERICAN LAWS RELATING TO PATENTS
AND TRADE MARKS.
COMPILED, AND ARRANGED WITH INTRODUCTORY NOTES, FOR THE GUIDANCE OF EXHIBITORS AND
MANUFACTURERS BY THE SECRETARY OF THE BRITISH COMMISSION.

DIEU ET
STONIASO
QUI
MAL
CES
DROIT
&

LONDON:
PRINTED BY GEORGE EDWARD EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.
FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE.
1876.
این این آن
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
I. Introduction
II. Explanatory Statement as to United States Custom House Duties and
Exchange
Page.
5
18
III. Subject-index of Contributions by British Exhibitors to the Philadelphia
International Exhibition of 1876, together with the Names and Addresses
of the Manufacturers and Producers
23
IV. List of Articles of Produce and Manufacture admitted to the United States
Free of Duty
70
V. List of all Articles chargeable with Duty on being imported into the United
States
77
VI. The Patent and Trade Mark Laws of the United States
342
VII. Consular Regulations relating to the Authentication of Invoices
379
VIII. Custom House Fees
382
IX. Drawback Rates
X. Rates of Tare
- 397
399
XI. Extracts from Post Office Act as to mailable matter
401
XII. Tariff upon British goods imported into France, showing the Rates prior
and subsequent to the Paris Exhibition of 1855 -
405
INTRODUCTION.
W
WHEN the arrangements connected with the British Section of the International Exhi-
nition of 1876, to be held at Philadelphia, were initiated, it became evident that very few
British manufacturers were acquainted with the details of the American Tariff.
It appeared, therefore, to the authorities charged with the conduct of the Section, that a
statement, showing in as lucid a form as possible the details of a somewhat cumbersome
and intricate Tariff, could not fail to be useful to the British merchant already engaged
in trading with America. And as an International Exhibition might be expected to
develop new commercial relations in many directions between the United States and this
country, it seemed that if this Tariff were rendered into English Currency, in those
instances where the duties are not ad valorem, further advantages must be secured.
The following compilation is based mainly upon the exhaustive financial works of Heyl,
Morgan, and Dr. Young, but other eminent authorities have been consulted, and the
British Commissioners desire to acknowledge the courteous assistance rendered to them in
the preparation of the work by Mr. Comly, the Chief Collector of the Port of Philadelphia,
who readily afforded them the benefit of his experience in solving difficult questions, and
by communicating the latest Treasury decisions where there were apparent discrepancies.
The compiler has been anxious to avoid entering into any discussion affecting a salient
question of United States policy, concerning which American statesmen must be held to
be the best judges. But one general inference may be suggested here, that in the long
run it is the consumer and not the producer upon whom the imposts which are set forth
in the fullest detail in the following pages really fall.
It may be useful to a British manufacturer who has not hitherto had commercial rela-
tions with an American customer, to state the regulations with which it is necessary for
him to comply. Taking the case of a merchant in London, after three invoices of his
goods have been prepared, stating quantities in weights, measures, and numbers, they
must be taken by one of the partners in the firm, or by a duly authorised agent provided
with a power of attorney, to the American Consulate, 53A, Broad Street, E.C., and the
following declaration must be sworn to:-
I
of
make oath and declare that
I am
of the goods, wares, and merchandise in
the annexed invoice mentioned and described; that the said invoice is in all respects true;
that it contains a true and full statement of the time when and the place where the goods,
wares, and merchandise therein mentioned, and which are subject to any ad valorem rate
of duty, or to any duty regulated or directed by law to be estimated or based upon the
value of the square yard, or of any other specified quantity or parcel, were purchased,
and the actual cost and quantity thereof, and of all charges thereon; that no discounts,
bounties, or drawbacks are contained in said invoice, but such as have been actually allowed
thereon; that the currency in which said invoice is made out is the currency which was
@
6
actually paid, or is to be paid for said goods, wares, and merchandize, and that no different
invoice thereof has been or will be furnished to anyone. I further declare that it is
intended to make entry of the goods, wares, and merchandise mentioned in said invoice at
the port of
in the United States of America.
و
Sworn at No. 53A, Old Broad Street, in
the City of London, this
of
day
187, before me
A Commissioner to administer Oaths in the
Supreme Court of Judicature.
I,
CONSULATE-GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, LONDON.
Deputy Consul-General of the United States of America, for Great
Britain and Ireland at London, do hereby certify that on this
A.D. 187
the within invoice numbered
described certain
to the gross sum of £
in person, the
day of
in which are mentioned and
amounting, with the charges thereon,
was produced to me by
of the goods, wares, and merchandise therein mentioned,
who thereupon declared in writing, in my presence, that it was intended to make entry of
said goods, wares, and merchandise at the port of
in the United
States of America. I do further certify that I am satisfied that the person making the
declaration hereto annexed is the person he represents himself to be; and that the actual
market values, or wholesale prices of the goods, wares, and merchandise described in the
said invoice, in the principal markets of the country, and at the time of exportation, are
correct and true (or as set forth in the column of consular corrections of estimates).
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand,
and affixed the Seal of the Consulate-General, at
London, in triplicate, this day and year next
above written.
(On back of Declaration.)
LONDON.
No.
Shipper
Ship
To M
Amount £
Date
enterike Avivah 16.-30
If sent on Consignment the following must also be added :-
Consigned to
For sale on
187
Account.
The Consul's fee amounts to $2.50 (10s. 4d.), together with 2s. 6d., Commissioner's fee,
in all 12s. 10d., for each consignment of goods.
Under a Treasury regulation it is necessary that the invoices of all goods, imported into
the United States, and subject to a duty ad valorem, shall be made out in the currency
of the place or country from whence the importation is made, and shall contain a
true statement of the actual cost of the goods, in such foreign currency or currencies
ہے
7
without any respect to the value of the coins of the United States, or foreign coins, which
now are, or shall be by law, made current within the United States, in such foreign place
or country.
It should be observed that all woollen, woollen mixed, and all other such goods the duty
on which is estimated partly on weight and measure, must have net weight added.
Of these three invoices, one is retained by the Consul, another sent by him direct to the
the Collector of Customs at the port of destination, and the third returned to the merchant,
after authentication by certificate under Consular seal, who forwards it with his goods to
All disbursements,
the shipper, with instructions to insure and ship as per invoice.
except insurance, such as Consul's fee, cost of wrappers, cases, &c. should be added at the
foot of the invoice. Freights are usually charged forward, the consignee receives his
certified invoice, liquidates his entry by paying the duties in gold, and receives the goods.
Further information on American Consular Regulations relating to the authentication of
invoices is given in detail at page 379.
When in 1874 the International Exhibition to be held at Philadelphia came under the
consideration of the American authorities, the following regulations, based upon an Act
of Congress dated June 18, 1874, were issued by the Secretary of the Treasury, to govern
the importation of goods for that Exhibition :—
Treasury Department, Washington, D. C.,
November 1, 1875.
An Act of Congress, approved June 18, 1874, entitled "An Act to admit free of duty
"articles intended for the International Exhibition of eighteen hundred and seventy-six,'
provides as follows
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That all articles which shall be imported for the sole
purpose of exhibition at the International Exhibition to be held in the.city of Philadelphia
in the year 1876, shall be admitted without the payment of duty or of customs' fees, or
charges, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe: Provided,
That all such articles as shall be sold in the United States or withdrawn for consumption
therein at any time after such importation shall be subject to the duties, if any, imposed
on like articles by the revenue laws in force at the date of importation: And provided
further, That in case any articles imported under the provisions of this Act shall be
withdrawn for consumption or shall be sold without payment of duty as required by law,
all the penalties prescribed by the revenue laws shall be applied and enforced against
such articles and against the person who may be guilty of such withdrawal or sale. v
In pursuance of the provisions of this Act, the following regulations are prescribed
No duty, fees, or charges for customs' service will be exacted on any such importations,
except in case of entry, as provided by Article 14 of these regulations.
The ports of Portland, Me., Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, New Orleans,
and San Francisco, on the seaboard, and St. Albans, Rouse's Point, Suspension Bridge,
Buffalo, Detroit, Port Huron, and Chicago, as ports on the northern frontier, will constitute
the only ports of entry at which such importations may be made.
Goods destined for such Exhibition imported through the above-named frontier ports
may be forwarded in the same manner as now allowed by law and regulations for other
benr
tu eta moltaitoq
importations.
Invoices showing the marks, numbers, character, quantity, and foreign market value
of articles intended for such Exhibition shall be authenticated by the hand and official
seal of the Commissioner for the International Exhibition appointed by the Government

8
of the country from which such articles are imported, and shall be made in triplicate and
forwarded-one copy to the Collector of Customs for the port at which is intended such
articles shall enter the United States, one copy to the Collector of Customs for the port
of Philadelphia, and one copy to the consignee or agent of the shipper. In case it shall
be impracticable to obtain the authentication of the Commissioner under official seal,
verification by a consular officer of the United States may be accepted instead.
All packages containing such articles must be conspicuously addressed to the
"Director-General of the International Exhibition of 1876, at Philadelphia."
Upon the arrival at any of the above-named ports, except New Orleans and San
Francisco, of packages so marked and containing articles intended for such Exhibition,
duplicate entry thereof, in form to be prescribed, may be made by the consignee or agent
thereof, for immediate transportation to Philadelphia, by a duly authorised bonded route,
but transportation bond will not be required.
The entry having being compared with the invoice received from the Commissioner,
found correct, and numbered and registered in a book provided for that purpose, the Col-
lector will issue a special permit for the transfer of such packages from the importing
vessel to the cars for transportation, care being taken to fully identify the packages by the
marks and numbers as described in the bill of lading, entry, and invoice, and will transmit
the entry to the Surveyor, with proper directions for shipment.
Such transfer must be made by bonded cart or truck, and the packages must be
accompanied by a customs' officer, detailed for that purpose, from the time they are
removed from the importing vessel until they are placed upon the cars for transportation,
and such officer will be required to superintend the lading, and secure the cars by customs'
lock and seal.
Triplicate manifests for each car so laden, showing the marks, numbers, &c.of such
packages as described in the entry, will be prepared and signed by the proper agent of
the railroad company, by whom such articles are to be transported. Each of said mani-
fests will be certified as correct by the shipping inspector, who will deliver one manifest
to the conductor or agent of the railroad company, and return the other two with the
entry, also certified by him, to the Collector.
The entry having been duly registered and certified, as herein-before required, the
Collector will transmit the same by mail, with the invoice, bill of lading, and manifest, to
the Collector of Customs at Philadelphia, the duplicate manifest to be retained on the files
of the custom house at the port of entry.
At ports where there is a naval office the entries for transportation will be made in
triplicate,-one copy for the files of that office, one for the Collector's office, and one for
transmittal, as above required, to Philadelphia.
Upon the arrival of the cars containing such articles at the Exhibition buildings at
Philadelphia, the conductor or agent of the railroad company will report such arrival
by the representation of the manifest to the customs' officer designated to receive such
manifests, who shall compare the same with the copy received by mail, and superintend
the opening of the cars, taking care to identify the packages by marks and numbers as
described in the manifests. In case of the non-receipt of the manifests, the unlading of the
cars shall not, for that reason, be delayed, but the invoice will be used to identify the
packages.
Immediate notice of such arrival of the goods shall be given by the Collector of Cus-
toms at Philadelphia to the Collector from the port of which such articles were shipped,
and such notice will be numbered to correspond with the entry and the date of its receipt
recorded in the register of entries prescribed, to be kept at ports where entries for trans-
portation are made. The packages will be retained in the custody of the customs' officers
at the Exhibition building, unopened, until special entry for warehouse, in form to be
prescribed, is made by the owner, consignee, or agent authorised to make entry, but no
warehousing bond will be required.
9
Upon the completion of the special warehouse entry, the packages will be opened and
due examination and appraisement of the contents, with proper allowance for damage
sustained on the voyage of importation, if any, will be made by the Appraiser at the
Exhibition buildings, which shall, for that purpose, be regarded as a public store. The
Appraiser will be furnished with the invoice of the articles to be appraised, and will
endorse his report of appraisement and his allowance for damage, if any, upon such
invoice in like manner as if such articles were regularly entered for consumption or
warehouse. No allowance for damage, however, exceeding 50 per cent. will be made
without the approval of the Department. The entry will then be liquidated, the full amount
of duties ascertained, and the whole transaction entered upon a record to be provided for
that purpose.
The articles may then be placed in the position provided for their exhibition, but
will remain under the custody and control of the customs' officers, and will not be removed
from the place assigned without a permit from the Collector of Customs or the officer who
may be designated to grant such permit. In no case will such articles be removed from
the Exhibition building, or released from the custody of the customs' officers, unless the
same shall have been regularly entered at the custom house in Philadelphia for consumption,
warehouse, or export.
In case of exportation of such articles, existing regulations requiring exports to be
made in original packages will be waived.
Entry of articles designed for such Exhibition arriving at the ports of San Francisco.
or New Orleans must be made in the manner now prescribed by law and regulations on
the importation of dutiable merchandise, either for warehouse and immediate transportation.
in bond, or for immediate transportation without appraisement. Upon the arrival of such
articles at Philadelphia they will be received into the custody of the customs' officers,
(whose certificate to that effect, in the form to be prescribed, shall be sufficient to cancel
the transportation bond,) and thereupon special entry for warehouse without bond may be
made as provided by these regulations.
When such articles arrive at Philadelphia by vessel direct from a foreign country,
the entry for transportation will not be required, but a special entry for warehouse, in
the manner herein-before provided, may be made, whereupon a special permit will be
issued for the transfer of the articles from the importing vessels to the cars for transporta-
tion from the vessel direct to the Exhibition buildings; and the same proceedings as to
identification of the articles, their transfer from the vessel to the cars, the preparation of
manifests, and the careful and continuous supervision by a customs' officer over the whole
transaction, will be required as at other ports.
Upon the arrival of such cars at the Exhibition building, after special warehouse
entry of the packages is made, they will be opened and the contents of the packages
examined and appraised as herein-before provided.
The special forms of entries, permits, manifests, and records to be used under these
regulations will be prepared and furnished by the Treasury Department.
Collectors of Customs will report to the Secretary of the Treasury any case relating
to an importation for such Exhibition in which they may regard these regulations as
insufficient to secure the interests of the revenue, and special instructions will be given
for their guidance in such case.
The regulations heretofore issued under the date of October 3, 1874, and May 18,
1875, are hereby superseded and annulled. Provided, however, that no rights or
interests heretofore acquired thereunder shall be effected to the injury of the parties
concerned.
B. H. BRISTOW,
Secretary.
10
It may further be interesting to record here the regulations referring to transportation
of goods to the Exhibition and the terminal charges respecting them, which were finally
approved and issued in November 1875:-
The general reception of articles at the Exhibition buildings will COMMENCE JANUARY
5th, 1876, and CLOSE on APRIL 19th, 1876. Machinery and other heavy articles will be
admitted as soon as the special foundations for them are prepared, and it is desirable that
they should be in place prior to the reception of other exhibits.
In boxing goods for the Exhibition, screws should be used instead of nails.
Each package must be marked, "To THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL, INTERNATIONAL EXHI-
BITION OF 1876, AT PHILADELPHIA," and should be marked on TWO ADJOINING SIDES,
giving the following information :—
Name of the exhibitor.
Siding at which to be unloaded.
Specific location allotted to the exhibitor.
Weight of the package.
#
#
Total number of packages sent by the exhibitor.
Serial number of the particular package.
Within each package should be a list of articles and a copy of the outside directions.
Each package should contain only articles intended for a single department.
NOTE. To facilitate the delivery of packages so marked, there have been constructed within the Exhibition grounds
several lines of railway. At convenient points on these lines are located sidings and platforms for the delivery of
articles to be exhibited in the immediate vicinity. Each siding is designated by a number, and the address label or
The address label
tag on each article or package must give the number of the siding at which it is to be delivered.
should also state the location in the building in which the article is to be exhibited in accordance with the system for
designating localities, as follows :
"Each column within the building will be lettered and numbered; the letters designating the lines of column
lengthwise, from east to west, and the number the lines crosswise, from north to south. Each exhibitor will have his
location defined with reference to the nearest column, and the official directory of the building will give the positions
according to this system."
The exceptional arrangements made by the United States Centennial Commission
with transportation companies do not in any way affect the regular rules of such com-
panies in regard to the classification of goods, or the conditions of receiving or trans-
porting the same, except in requiring the pre-payment of freight. The rates for transport-
ing goods for the Exhibition will be obtained from the agents of the TRANSPORTATION
COMPANIES AT THE PLACE OF SHIPMENT and not at Philadelphia.
The line
THROUGH BILLS OF LADING should be OBTAINED, so that goods will, WITHOUT any
ATTENTION by the SHIPPER, BE SENT DIRECT TO THE EXHIBITION. They must show the
precise route by which the articles or packages are to be transported, specifying in
detail every road over which the freight is shipped, from the point of starting to
Philadelphia, sO THAT IT MAY BE RETURNED BY THE SAME ROUTE AS RECEIVED.
of steamers by which exhibits are sent must be named. A DUPLICATE COPY OF THE BILL
OF LADING must be mailed by the shipper TO THE CHIEF OF THE BUREAU OF TRANS-
PORTATION, UNITED STATES CENTENNIAL COMMISSION, PHILADELPHIA; and LETTERS OF
ADVICE SHOULD ALSO BE FORWARDED, GIVING INFORMATION OF THE SHIPMENTS MADE,
AND FULL PARTICULARS IN REGARD TO ARTICLES OF BULKY DIMENSIONS OR EXCESSIVE
WEIGHT.
The transportation, receiving, unpacking, arranging, re-packing, and re-shipping of the
goods exhibited, also the storage and repair of empty cases, will be at the expense of the
exhibitor.
:
4
11
For the purpose of making a complete record of all exhibits admitted to the Exhibition,
and to secure efficiency, order, and despatch in their reception and installation, all
packages on arrival at the Exhibition inclosure will be received by the Chief of the
Bureau of Transportation. They will then be unloaded and placed on the space allotted
to the exhibitor, and at the close of the Exhibition they will, when re-packed, be removed
from the buildings. For this service, which the United States Centennial Commission
will undertake especially for the accommodation of exhibitors, a terminal charge will be
made which will be as follows:-
On each separate article or package weighing 500 lbs., or less
On each separate article or package weighing over 500 lbs.
$1.00.
20 cents per 100 lbs.
Articles weighing over 10,000 pounds, fragile articles, plate glass, &c., and works of art,
may be subject to an additional charge after arrival at the Exhibition, to cover the extra
cost of handling, if any. THERE WILL BE NO TERMINAL CHARGE ON EXHIBITS OF LIVE
STOCK.
NOTE.-Ample provision will be made for the HANDLING and STOWAGE of EMPTY CASES, for those who may DESIRE
to AVAIL themselves of such accommodation.
The charge for removing, storing, and returning empty cases and packing material
for exhibitors who request it, will be as follows:-
For empty cases of dimensions, 27 cubic feet, or less
**
彬彬
​between 27 and 75 cubic feet
over 75 cubic feet, per cubic foot
50 cents.
75 cents.
1 cent.
For box-boards, strippings, etc.-only received when securely fastened in packages-
For packages weighing 50 lbs., or less
>>
*9
膨​膨
​between 50 and 75 lbs.
over 75 lbs., per pound
50 cents.
75 cents.
1 cent.
Goods must be free from all charges incident to their transportation when received
at the Exhibition enclosure, and the terminal charge must be pre-paid.
NOTE.-This regulation does not refer to foreign commissions, and the terminal charges may be paid by British
exhibitors after the goods are placed in the Exhibition buildings.
The customs' regulations, issued by the Secretary of the Treasury of the United
States, permit, after transportation entry has been made, the immediate transportation
to Philadelphia, of goods imported from foreign countries. They will be transported
by bonded line from the port of arrival to Philadelphia, and delivered to the Collector at
that city, where warehouse entry is required in all cases. The customs' regulations for
these goods must be strictly complied with.
IF NO AUTHORISED PERSON IS AT HAND TO OPEN AND ARRANGE THE GOODS IN THE
EXHIBITION BUILDING, THEY WILL BE REMOVED AND STORED AT THE COST AND RISK OF
WHOMSOEVER IT MAY CONCERN.
The Exhibition will CLOSE the 10th of NOVEMBER 1876. The REMOVAL of goods will
NOT be PERMITTED PRIOR TO THAT DATE, and must be COMPLETED BEFORE the 31st of
DECEMBER 1876. Goods then remaining will be removed by the Director-General and sold
for expenses, or otherwise disposed of under the direction of the United States Centennial
Commission.
Circular No. 107 is hereby cancelled.
The Centennial Commission reserves the right to explain or amend these regulations,
whenever it may be deemed necessary for the interests of the Exhibition, miauzo od Hör
A. T. GOSHORn,
arios blow
100 Director-General.
D. TORREY,
Chief of Bureau of Transportation. quinidson
Philadelphia, November 16, 1875.
ཕྱི་
:

12
An important concession with reference to the declaration before the Consul was made
by the American Treasury, on the application of the British Executive Commissioner
through the Foreign Office, in the case of goods intended bonâ fide for exhibition at
Philadelphia.
Such goods, it was courteously held, need not be sworn to before the Consul, the
Secretary of the Treasury agreeing to authorise in lieu thereof the acceptance by the
American Customs authorities, of the signature and official seal to the invoice of the
Executive Commissioner for the country from which the goods were despatched.
In the case of British goods this invoice when certified at the central office has been
issued to the exhibitor, accompanied by a certificate of entry in duplicate, also signed and
sealed, one copy being for the shipper and the other for the consignee.
To complete the foregoing statement it only remains to append the declaration required
by the American custom house regarding passengers' baggage :—
Every passenger arriving at any port of the United States from a foreign port is
required to make a brief statement of the number of his or her trunks, bags, and other
pieces of baggage, of the contents of each, and of the articles upon his or her person.
For convenience and uniformity, such statement must be made on a form similar to that
annexed, designated "Passengers' Baggage Declaration," copies of which may be
obtained from the British Executive.
To avoid detention in landing, such statement should be carefully prepared before
arrival, so as to be promptly delivered to the revenue officer upon demand. The following
information will aid in the preparation of the declaration :-
The numbers of the several pieces of baggage will be given in the proper place, and
their contents entered under two heads :
1. Baggage not dutiable, which comprises the following classes:
(C
Wearing apparel in the passenger's own use." "Other personal effects" (not
merchandise), which are such as are usually carried with or about the person of a
traveller, as trunks, articles of the toilet, stationery, a few books, one watch,
jewelry, &c., &c., in actual use, and in reasonable amount, may be declared
"Personal Effects." "Professional books," "tools of trade," and "household
effects," all of which have been used by the passenger abroad, the last named at
least one year, may be severally declared as such.
2. Dutiable Merchandise.-Under this head must be entered all articles not included
in "baggage not dutiable," as above set forth. Among these may be specially
mentioned new wearing apparel in excess of that in general use; excessive amounts
of jewelry; extra watches; articles of virtu; all presents; piece goods; and all
articles purchased of other persons; in short, all articles not essential to the personal
comfort and convenience of the traveller.
Great care should be taken to make a full and accurate return, and to examine the
certificate which the passenger is required to sign.
The columns headed " Appraisement" are not to be filled by the passenger, but left blank.
The senior member of a family, if sufficiently acquainted with the contents of the baggage
of the whole party to make a sworn statement of the same, will be allowed to include all
such baggage in one declaration, but such a course will not relieve him or the several
members from liability to search of their persons in case of suspicion, nor from any penalties
for attempts to defraud.
Upon arrival, the declaration will be delivered to the revenue officer. The baggage
will be examined on board the vessel or wharf, and duties assessed, which are payable in
gold coin.
Any piece of baggage containing over $500 worth of dutiable merchandise will not be
delivered on board, but sent to the public store for examination and appraisement.


224
13
Packages containing merchandise exclusively will not be considered as baggage, but
must be regularly entered at the custom house.
All baggage is subject to actual and thorough examination, and the persons of all
passengers are liable to search.
Any fraud on the part of the passengers, any concealment of fact or secreting of
articles in the trunks, &c., or on the person, or attempt to bribe a revenue officer, will
render the baggage liable to detention and confiscation, and subject the owner to other
legal penalties.
Any complaints against revenue officers in the discharge of their duties must be made
to the Collector of the port, who will promptly investigate all charges made.
[Revised Statutes of the United States, Sec. 2799.]
ENTRY OF BAGGAGE imported by
, a passenger in the
is Master'
Steamer
from
whereof
Port of
-"
187
Marks.
Numbers.
PACKAGES AND Contents.
Trunks.
Boxes.
Bags.
தி
PORT OF
Parcels.
Other packages, viz. :
: I do solemnly swear that this entry contains, to the
best of my knowledge and belief, a just and true account of the contents of the several
packages mentioned in the entry, and that such packages contain no merchandise what-
ever other than wearing apparel, personal baggage, or tools of trade specified in said
entry; that they are all the property of myself, and members of my family, who have
lately arrived in the vessel above-named, and are not, directly or indirectly, imported for
any other person or intended for sale.
SUBSCRIBED and sworn to before me, this
day of
EXAMINED-No dutiable articles found, except as stated and entered.
[Act of June 22, 1874, secs. 9 and 10.]
STATEMENT and ENTRY of DUTIABLE ARTICLES imported by
a passenger in the steamer
is master, from
Description of Articles.
Port of
whereof
187
Deputy Collector.
Inspector.ne
Vivijere wasną tarpinisanesimotyvaiya vibināj
Actual cost, or foreign Rate of duty.
market value.
Duties.
1870.

14
PORT OF
: I do solemnly swear that it is impracticable for me
to produce a certified invoice of the articles mentioned in this statement and entry for
the reason that they were purchased at different times and places whilst travelling,

*
and that the prices above set forth show the actual cost or foreign market value of the
articles named, to the best of my knowledge, information, and belief.
Subscribed and sworn to before me, this
day of
Deputy Collector.
187
Appraiser.
Collector's Clerk.
* If other reasons exist they should be stated.
NOTICE TO CABIN PASSENGERS..
Naval Office Clerk.
The baggage of passengers will be landed upon the steamship wharf as soon as practi-
cable after the vessel is docked. But before any baggage is delivered each passenger will
be required to make, under oath, an entry of his or her baggage, and a separate entry, also
under oath, of all articles contained in his or her baggage which, by the United States laws,
are subject to duty, and to pay such duty, if any.
The blank forms of the entries to be made will (if practicable) be furnished to each
passenger after the vessel leaves quarantine by the Customs officers, who will also give
the passenger all necessary information relative thereto. In case no Customs officers come
on board at quarantine, the forms of entries will be furnished when the vessel arrives at
her wharf.
The senior member of a family coming together, if sufficiently acquainted with the con-
tents of the baggage of the whole party to make a sworn statement of the same, may be
allowed to include all such baggage in one entry.
Whenever any trunk or package brought by a passenger as baggage contains articles
subject to duty, and the value thereof exceeds $500, or if the quantity or variety of the
dutiable articles is such that a proper examination, classification, or appraisement thereof
cannot be made at the vessel, the trunk or package will be sent to the Public Store for
appraisement.
The attention of passengers is directed to the following laws of the United States, and
the Regulations of the Treasury Department, relative to the importation and entry of
baggage:
SECTION 2505.-The importation of the following articles shall be exempt from duty:
Wearing apparel in actual use, and other personal effects (not merchandise), professional books, imple-
ments, instruments, and tools of trade, occupation, or employment of persons arriving in the United
States.
* -(Revised Statutes, pp. 259, 267.)

*
SECTION 2799.-In order to ascertain what articles ought to be exempted as the wearing apparel, and
other personal baggage, and the tools or implements of a mechanical trade only, of persons who arrive in
15
樓
​the United States, due entry thereof, as of other merchandise, but separate and distinct from that of any
other merchandise, imported from a foreign port, shall be made with the Collector of the District in which
the articles are intended to be landed by the owner thereof, or his agent, expressing the persons by whom
or for whom such entry is made, and particularizing the several packages, and their contents, with their
marks and numbers; and the persons who shall make the entry shall take and subscribe an oath before
the Collector, declaring that the entry subscribed by him, and to which the oath is annexed, contains, to
the best of his knowledge and belief, a just and true account of the contents of the several packages men-
tioned in the entry, specifying the name of the vessel, of her master, and of the port from which she has
arrived; and that such packages contain no merchandise whatever other than wearing apparel, personal
baggage, or, as the case may be, tools of trade, specifying it; that they are all the property of a person
named who has arrived, or is shortly expected to arrive, in the United States, and are not, directly or in-
directly, imported for any other, or intended for sale.-(Revised Statutes, pp. 320, 321.)
SECTION 2802.-Whenever any article subject, to duty is found in the baggage of any person arriving
within the United States, which was not, at the time of making entry for such baggage, mentioned to the
Collector before whom such entry was made, by the person making entry, such article shall be forfeited,
and the person in whose baggage it is found shall be liable to a penalty of treble the value of such article.
-(Revised Statutes, p. 321.)
ARTICLE 399. "Professional books, implements, and tools of trade, occupation, or employment," are
understood to embrace such books or instruments as would naturally belong to a surgeon, physician, engineer,
or scientific person returning to this country.
(Customs Regulations, 1874, p. 192.)
ARTICLE 400.-Jewelry that has been worn or is in use as a personal ornament may be admitted free
of duty.
-(Customs Regulations, 1874, p. 192.)
Duty must be demanded on all watches but one brought into the United States by a single passenger.
If all the watches are old, the passenger may choose the one to be treated as personal effects. If some
are old and some new, the new are to be included among those treated as subject to duty.--(Synopsis of
Decisions, 1868 (170), p. 52.)
So far as wearing apparel is concerned, only those articles which have been in
actual use exempted from duty. *
* New articles of clothing which have not been in actual use
abroad, and not necessary for the present comfort or convenience of the owner, are chargeable with duty;
and the fact that they are intended for the future use of the person who brings them, or of another person,
and are not for sale, does not exempt them from duty.
Tourists and passengers are, therefore, cautioned to preserve the proper care, when arriving with articles.
claimed to be free as personal effects, in making a separate statement of their effects which have been in
actual use abroad from those which are new, in order that the customs officers may readily decide what
portions are liable to or exempt from duty.(Department Circular, dated February 23, 1875.)
The importance of a comprehensive work dealing with the United States Tariff is
evidenced by the following extract from the "Times" of September 30, 1875 :-
"In 1874 we imported merchandise from the United States of the value of nearly
74 millions sterling, but exported thither our own produce not quite to the value of
281 millions."
Whereas in 1837 we imported 11 millions and exported 9 millions.
The gross amount of imports for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1875 in the United
States was about 72 millions sterling, paying a duty of nearly 21 millions, averaging
about 34 per cent.
The British manufacturer on perusing the following pages will probably conclude that
the high rates of duty shown in the Tariff must ultimately prove prohibitive so far
as staple goods are concerned. It should however be borne in mind that the best goods,
when distinguished by intrinsic excellence and taste, together with stability of manufac-
ture, will always find a market in the United States.
܀܀

Manufactures, throughout the world, are localised by the skill of the population in each
particular production as well as by district peculiarities. This is probably the reason
why manufactories can seldom be removed with success, or be established in
established in foreign
countries, since various details in skill and labour in combination with natural local
advantages are necessary to mature the peculiar excellences of any particular fabric.

16
3
For instance, a West of England broadcloth (unsurpassed in the world) when imitated in
Yorkshire from a precisely similar class of wool with the same care and attention, and
made at the same expense, does not hold its own in the markets against the produce
of the West country mill.
Without entering into general statistics, it may not be out of place to refer here to the
remarkable and sudden success of the United States manufacturers, which success may
certainly be held to have deranged our home industries, and appears not unlikely to create a
revolution in our exports to that market of any goods save the choicest specialities. Whilst
admitting the decadence of exports from Great Britain to the United States of America,
it may not be inexpedient to suggest to British merchants that they should not overlook
the markets of Central and South America, which seem destined to prove of great value
to any nation inclined to study their specific requirements. As an illustration of the
perseverance of American manufacturers in the face of many obstacles, the following is
quoted from a recent number of the "United States Economist," a journal of acknowledged
authority :-
"The contract for the carpets of the Palace Hotel, San Francisco, is the largest ever
undertaken by any firm in the United States. The total length of the carpets, if stretched
three quarters of a yard wide, would reach 45 miles, the conditions being that as far as possible
they should be manufactured in the United States. With the exception of two Axminster
reception room carpets, the whole were woven by 20 looms, within five months, at
the works of the Bigelow Carpet Company, the patterns being all new and effective."
With a tariff of over 60 per cent. ad valorem besides cost of freight, the English
carpet manufacturer has at present but limited opportunities for competition. A few
years since nearly one quarter of the English-made carpets went to the United States to
supply such contracts as that above referred to. There are now in the States upwards
of 2,000 Brussels and Tapestry looms for carpet weaving with manifest advantages for
economical production, since female labour is chiefly employed.
>>
It is gratifying, however, to learn that the two Axminster carpets for the San Francisco
"to surpass every-
Hotel (which were made at Glasgow), were said by the "Economist
"thing of the kind ever produced, both in beauty of design and excellence of manu-
"facture," which confirms, so far as a typical branch of industry is concerned, the inference
before suggested in this paper, that the British manufacturer must rely upon the superior
excellence and intrinsic merit of his goods to maintain a footing in the American market
whilst the present duties exist.
It may not be widely known that, in many specialities of British manufacture, trade is
becoming reversed; the buyer of yesterday becoming the seller of to-day; this is shown
by the following quotations :-
"As an indication of the growth of our export trade to Great Britain it may be stated
that the Borden City Mills, at Fall River, Mass., have received an order from Manchester
for 25,000 pieces of printing cloths, and preparations are now being made for this
manufacture."-(New York Custom House Reports, Feb. 1876.)
At the
annual meeting of the Sheffield Chamber of Commerce, January 27th, 1876, the
President referred to the startling decline of our American trade, and said that "neither
"Sheffield nor Birmingham would have such a position in the American market as they
❝formerly had. American and German manufacturers were pushing our goods into a

17
:
"corner, and by introducing machinery for the production of articles of equal quality to
"those made by hand they had become successful competitors."
The "Times" of October 16th, 1875 quotes the following from the New York Bulletin :-
"The United States is constantly adding to the lists of its manufactures which are
finding markets in Great Britain. Among the most recent additions is that of leather
belting, the first invoice of which was shipped recently by a New York firm, that use
10,000 hides per annum in their Brooklyn works."
But British manufacturers and merchants should not overlook the fact that the present.
internal taxation of the United States on home or domestic manufactured goods is equally
as burdensome, though indirectly so, as the taxation on importations; and until an
alteration in the form of repeal of home imposts takes place, it is hardly reasonable to
expect any considerable reduction in the present tariff, or even any advance, however
limited, towards free trade.
The approaching Centennial Exhibition, however, cannot but have a potent and far-
reaching influence over the entire Continent of America, of which the United States form
only a part, and it will assuredly afford the opportunity of a peaceful rivalry between the
English manufacturer, untrammelled with excessive revenue taxation, and his American
competitor. The English exhibitor will be permitted to mark his goods at the price in
sterling at which he would be prepared to supply them direct from England, exclusive
of duties, &c.; a valuable concession, since it will illustrate the working of the protective
tariff on all sides, enlightening more especially American customers from outlying States,
who have few opportunities of becoming acquainted with the first cost of the goods they
require.
The trading, and commercial classes, indeed, from the north of America to the extreme
south will concentrate at Philadelphia and will there form their own opinions as to the
best and cheapest market in which to purchase merchandise.
If the participation of European nations in the Philadelphia Exhibition does not imme-
diately lead to a reduction of this nearly prohibitive duty which threatens to close the
United States market against them for many staple commodities, the hope may not unreason-
ably be cherished that it may prove the means of opening out new trade, in friendly
competition with their brethren across the Atlantic, with the great and rising nations of
Central and South America, whose requirements, if well understood and anticipated, may
not unlikely create a large and lasting trade of great benefit to this, and future generations.
15th March 1876.
A. J. R. T.

36247.
B
18
癌
​EXPLANATORY STATEMENT AS TO AMERICAN CUSTOM HOUSE
DUTIES, AND EXCHANGE.*
The misunderstanding existing in this country as to American exchange may be attributed
almost entirely to the fact that the Spanish silver dollar, which contained as much silver as
4s. 6d. sterling, was formerly in use. This was taken as the basis of exchange, and is
still so used by the commercial world.
The premium indicated, now almost obsolete, is a style of quotation which has grown
up by commercial usage, consequent upon the change in 1834 of pure gold in the national
currency.
The object here sought is to explain in as simple and concise a manner as possible the
law on tariff and exchange as applied between the United States and England; the
following information is the result of some years' personal experience, and may probably
be found useful to those trading between the two countries.
The currency of the United States is decimal, and for the information of those unac-
customed to such expressions it may be stated that the dollar ($1.00) is the unit con-
sisting of one hundred cents, and each cent of ten mills. The first figure to the right of
the point represents tenths, the second figure from the point hundredths, and the third
thousandths, &c. Thus 57 is five units and seven tenths, or 5; 9.21 is nine units
and twenty-one hundredths, or 921; and 7.207 is seven units and two hundred and
seven thousandth part of one unit, or 7207
No arithmetical expression relating to the United States currency can possibly be
accurate without this decimal notation.
In 1834 it became necessary in the United States to alter the standard of gold in order
to adjust the relative values of gold and silver, which hitherto had not been in strict
accordance with their actual worth in the markets of the world, in consequence of which
gold was continually taken out of the country and silver brought in. To balance the pro-
portional value of these metals a reduction in the quantity of pure gold contained in the
eagle of ten dollars was essential. An Act was passed with the following result, and the
gold dollar became the standard :-
1792. Eagle of $10.00 contained 270 standard or 247 5 grains pure gold, with 12 per
cent. alloy.
1834.
10 per
cent. alloy.
258 standard or 232.2
Thus the dollar contains at the present day 23-22 grains of pure gold.
In England there has been no alteration in the standard of pure gold since 1627
(2nd Charles L.), but in 1816, when the British coinage was reformed (56 Geo. III.), the
sovereign was made the standard and only legal specie tender in all payments exceeding
forty shillings. Thus the sovereign of twenty shillings took the place of the guinea,
rated in 1717 at twenty-one shillings under Sir Isaac Newton, Master of the Mint.
11
12
I
12
One pound troy, or 5,760 grains of gold, was coined into 4628 sovereigns (467. 14s. 6d.)
instead of 44 guineas. These contained 1 or 5,280 grains of pure gold and or 480
grains of alloy. The alloy, however, is never reckoned in the account; the value of a
currency depends upon the quantity of pure gold contained in the coin which is the legal
tender, and as the gold coin of England is issued at the price bullion sells for, it is thus
coined free of expense.

623
Now, by dividing the 5,280 grains of pure gold by 4623 sovereigns, it will be found that
a single sovereign contains exactly 113 grains; divide these by the number of pure
grains in a dollar of the present standard (23 22) and the result will prove that an English
sovereign contains 4 86,65 or four dollars eighty-six cents and sixty-five hundredths of a cent.
100
*The compiler is indebted to Mr. Thomas Winter, of East Sheen, for this condensed statement on an
abstruse subject.

19
Example.
46287.46.14.6 46.7257. (decimal of 17.)
5280.000
46.725 113·000160.
4.86*65.
113 000160 → 23·22
This is the exact and actual value of 17. sterling in the United States, as accepted in all
the Government offices by order of the Finance Committee. All foreign moneys are
estimated by the United States Treasury according to the intrinsic value thereof in com-
parison with the American dollar.
Before the change in the coinage in 1834, and calculating by this same process of
equivalent weights, when the old Spanish dollar was worth 4s. 6d., it will be seen that
the sovereign was worth under the old standard four dollars forty-four cents and forty-
four one hundredth part of a cent; as follows:
If $1.00 be worth 54 pence (4s. 6d.), what is the value in dollars of 240 pence (17.) ?
24054 $4.44.44.
This is the old Par of exchange,* which has never been altered, and is still quoted by
the American merchants as their basis; thus giving the British sovereign under the
present gold standard a premium of 94 per cent. to make the commercial par of a
pound sterling.
1792 intrinsic par value of 17. sterling $4.44·44.
1834
91% pm.
42.21.
$4.86*65
The accompanying tables show the value in sterling of one quarter of a cent to five
thousand dollars; as also the value in dollars and cents of one farthing sterling to one
thousand pounds at the Custom House par value of four dollars eighty-six cents and sixty-
five hundredths of a cent to one pound sterling.
Example.
Given an invoice amounting to 1437. 178. 9 d. sterling, to find the value in dollars and
cents of
£
8. d.
100
40
3
17
9
3
Cents.
Decimals
of cents.
486.65
194*66
14.59.95
4*13.652

18.249
1*520
£143 17 94 = $700 24.37
1000
= 1!
or seven hundred dollars twenty-four cents and eleven sixteenths of a cent.
*"Par of exchange" signifies the equal value of money between one country and another without
discount or premium.-" Ogilvie's Dictionary."
B 2
20

PAR of EXCHANGE as adopted by CONGRESS, $4.86·65 to the £1 sterling.
Sterling into Dollars and Cents.
Dollars and Cents into Sterling.
Dollars.
Cents.
Decimals
of Cents.
Dollars.
Pounds.
Shillings.
Pence.
Decimals
of Pence.
Cents.
1
4 86
86 65
1
24
332
2
973
30
2
48
665
3
14 59
95
3
72
997
AWNHAH
506
1
1
013
2
1
520
4
1946
60
4
97
33
5
2433 25
1 21
662
29 19
90
6
1 45
995
3
7
34 06 55
7
1 70
327
4
8
3893 20
8
194
66
5
9
43 79 85
9
2 18
992
6
10
48 66 50
10
2 43
325
7
20
9733
11
2 67
657
1 2 0 + 10 ON∞
2
027
4 055
6 083
6
8
110
10
138
12 166
∞ ∞ -1 OCTA ON -
4
8
3
12
4
16
5
1
0
1 4
1
- 01 00 10 10 to
1-5
316
10
6
633
11
Loko
950
12
→ 10 10
54
267
13
6-2
583
14
16
7.
900
15
16
9 217
8
16
8
1
12
10
534
17
9
1
16
1112/20
850
18
00 00 -1 S
++|0009/005|0009/005|0095|00 ===|00959/00*100
931
424
918
H40K+
411
1
904
2
397
3
890
333
877
6
14 193
10
2
1
8
16 221
20
4
2
30
145 99 50
12
2 91
99
9
18 249
30
6
3
40
19466
13
3 16
322
10
20 277
40
8
50
243 32 50
14
3 40
655
11
22 304
50
10
60
29199
15
3 64
987
60
12
6
70
340 65 50
16
3 89
32
70
14
80
389 32
17
4 13
652
80
16
90
43798 50
18
4 37
985
90
18
9
∞ ∞ - O OT # ON H
1층
​167
19
8
9 370
7
16
2-5
335
20
91
13
863
8
16
#
502
25
1
0%
329
9
670
30
1
23/
795
8
10 t ∞ →
13 837 35
51
260
005
40
1
7급
​726
8173
45
9.5
340
50
16
10:
508
55
100
48665
19
4 62
317
100
20
10 119
675
60
200
973 30
200
41 1
11 351
65
16
300
1,459 95
300
6112
11 027
70
400
1,946 60
400
82 3
101층
​702 75
500
2,433 25
500
102
14
109
378
80
600
2,919 90
600
123
5
700
3,406 55
700
143 16
8
10 054 85
9730
90
00 00 00 ONNNNNE
110-
10,
192
0
658
23 124
16
25
590
2 8
055
2 10/
521
3
013 987
16
3
3-
CO 10 00
453
16
5-
919
385
800
3,893 20
800
164
7
9. 405
8
900
4,379 85
900
184 18
9.
081
1,000
4,866 50
1,000
205 9
757
2,000
410 19
514
3,000
616
9
272
4,000
821
1811
029
5,000
1,027
CO
8
3
787
4
Shillings.
Pence.
Decimals
of Pence.
Cents.
Pence.
Decimals
of Pence.
123
246
369
493
1986
479
1,7%
1 972
16
27 465
959
248
3-
3.
16
452
318 945
47 438
*
21
Again.
Given an invoice amounting to $473 64 cents in gold, to find the value in sterling of.
$ cts.
400
70
3
60
4
$473.64
£ S. d.
82 3 1011
14 7 8 16
12
31
16
2
5
9
114
6
£97 6 63
or ninety-seven pounds six shillings and sixpence and three sixteenths of a penny.
EXCHANGE.
Real par of exchange is the actual existing proportion between supply and demand,
and this is regulated by the state of trade between the two countries.
When the value of imports from England, in a given period, is equal to the value of
exports from America in the same period, trade is balanced and bills drawn in each country
upon the other would be equal in amount, or in other words at Par.
Bills of exchange facilitate the settlement of debts between persons residing at a dis-
tance from each other, and avoid the risk as also the expense of remitting actual coin.
This may be explained as follows:-
Smith in New York owes Brown in London for merchandize, and Jones in Liverpool
owes Robinson in New York for corn. Brown in London draws on Smith in New
York, sells his bill to Jones in Liverpool for cash, who transmits it to Robinson in New
York, who receives the cash from Smith, thus dispensing with a shipment of money.
If, however, imports in America exceed the exports to England there would be more
money payable at the time by persons in America to others in England than there would
be payable by those in England to those in America, hence a demand would arise for bills
of exchange on England, and, being_scarce, those who want them would have to pay
a premium for the accommodation. Exchange would, therefore, be against America.
In England, on the other hand, there would be more people ready to draw such bills of
exchange than customers in want of them, and those who dispose of them would have to
do so at a discount. Exchange, therefore, would be in favour of England.
A bad harvest in England would necessitate our importing wheat to a large amount
from America, our imports of that commodity would then exceed our exports of merchan-
dize, bills of exchange would at once become scarce in England, and in America would be
at a discount, and any overplus would have to be remitted to America in actual coin at a
risk which is inconvenient, hazardous, and expensive, as it would cost fully 1 per cent.
to 2 per cent. to an ordinary shipper to pay for transmission, insurance, &c. of specie.
Thus it will be seen that the accommodation of a remittance in the form of a bill of
exchange actually means a saving of some 2 per cent. independent of the trouble of ship-
ping. It will also be observed that the fluctuation in the price of bills of exchange seldom
exceed this margin of 2 per cent. above or below par of $4.86 65, unless under very extra-
ordinary circumstances.
To ship gold to England to yield a profit equal to the cost of freight, &c., exchange
would have to advance to about 11 per cent. 4·95 50, being 2 per cent. above par.
When exchange is at 9 per cent. it is at par value; if higher, at a premium; if lower,
at a discount. It is always calculated on a gold basis, and is now generally quoted in our
daily newspapers in dollars instead of, as hitherto, by the premium.

W
22
EXCHANGE ON LONDON, $4.84. [“ Times," 17th Nov. 1875.]
This is some
About 9 per cent. premium on $4.44.4, and about 4s. 1d. to a dollar.
half per cent. below par, which may be attributed to the necessity of England importing
more wheat than she is exporting merchandize, at the present moment.
The object of the following table is to approximate calculations of exchange to such
price as may be found useful for business purposes :—
EXCHANGE ON ENGLAND.
$ cents.
s. d.
41-316
1000
91% Premium on old par of 4444 is $4.86·65 to £1 stg. or 41335% = 1 to $1.00
(This is the Custom House and legal value of a Sovereign in the United States.)
30% premium on old par of $4.44.4 is $4.60
to £1 stg. or 4 41 to $1.00
4
4.62.21
4 4
""
""
99
25
4층
​4.64.43
4 33/40
>"
>>
>>
>>
4.66.66
31
""
**
97
""
4.68.88
4 31
199
""
"
53/20
4.70
99
99
>>
**
6
CO
4.71.10
4 3
99
**
4.73.33
4 23
99
""
""
>>
7
>>
39
4.75.54
4 21
29
""
4.77.76
4 2
>>
دو
99
""
""
4.80
4 2
"
"2
100+
4.82.21
>>
99
>>
99
4 12
4.83.32
99
""
99
9
4.84.43
>>
""
""
99
""
4 11 »
91
4.85.54
99
""
>>
99
4.86·65
>>
9321
4.87.76
99
""
>>
,,
**
10
4.88.88
4 11
4 1
4 116 "
29
99
""
""
101
4.90
99
""
101
4.91.10
99
59
""
""
>>
4 03"
11
4.93.32
""
""
114
99
12
""
""
121
4.95.54
4.97.76
5.00
4 01/1/20
01 "
4 01
""
>>
40
>>
"
29
99
To facilitate general calculations the dollar may be taken at the value of 4s. 2d. or 8 per
cent. premium on old par, this is about gths of a penny above its actual value as quoted
in the "Times," 28th February 1876, and referred to also as a basis of calculations on
page 77 of this work.
23
SUBJECT INDEX OF CONTRIBUTIONS BY BRITISH EXHIBITORS TO THE
PHILADELPHIA INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1876, TOGETHER
WITH THE NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF THE MANUFACTURERS
AND PRODUCERS.
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
AËRATED WATERS AND AËR-
ATED WATER MACHINERY.
BEWLEY & DRAPER
CANTRELL & COCHRANE
CORRY & Co.
INMAN BROS.
NICOLL, D.
23, Mary Street
Cromac-buildings
Address of Exhibitor.
Cromac Springs, Cromac-street
Aspley-place
15, Clement's Inn
21, Duke-street
IMPLE-
SMITH, T. AND H., & Co.
AGRICULTURAL
MENTS, APPLIANCES, AND
TOOLS (Miscellaneous).
- Dublin.
Belfast and Dublin.
- Belfast.
- Huddersfield.
- London.
Edinburgh.
CLARKE & DUNHAM
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
DUNSTON ENGINE WORKS Co.
FISON, J. P.
FUSSELL, J., SONS, & Co.
SMITH, W., & SONS
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE.
HUNTER, J., & SONS
MCCANN, J.
USHER. R.
AIR BLOWING MACHINERY.
69, Mark-lane
28, Market-buildings, Mark-lane
Feversham Works
Barnard Castle
Wood Hall Mills, Juniper-green
Beamond Mills
ELLIS, W. I.
66, Murray-street
AIR COMPRESSORS.
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
43, Borough-road
Wood Street
HURD, F., & Co.
London.
London.
Colchester, Essex.
Gateshead-on-Tyne.
Cambridge.
- Frome, Somerset.
- Durham.
near Edinburgh.
· Drogheda, Ireland.
- Bodicote, near Banbury,
Oxfordshire.
ALALKOZ
Higher Broughton, Man-
chester.
Southwark, London.
Wakefield.
AIR PUMPS.
WIER, M. A.
ALE, PORTER, STOUT, AND
BEER OF ALL KINDS.
BINDLEY & Co.
IND, COOPE, & Co.
JOHNSON & Co.
WRIGHT, H., & Co.
ALUM.
SPENCE, P.-
33, Abchurch-lane
London.
The Brewery
Maxton Brewery
Pendleton Works, Oldham-road..
Burton-on-Trent.

Burton-on-Trent.
Canterbury.
near Dover, Kent.
Manchester.
24
A
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
AMMUNITION.
COPELAND, G. A.
ELEY BROS., LIMITED
254, Gray's Inn-road
PIGOU, WILKS,
& LAURENCE,
LIMITED
11, Queen Victoria-street
Camborne, Cornwall.
London.
London.
73 and 74, King William-street
London.
ANCHORS.
MARTIN, C.-
ARCHITECTURAL PLANS, DE-
SIGNS, AND DRAWINGS.
COCHRANE, R., C.E.
FOGERTY, W., F.R.S.
FRANCIS & Co.
GREENWAY, H.
HALL, H. E.
MUNROE, W.
NICHOLL, S. J.
Athlone, Ireland.
- Dublin.
23, Harcourt-street
Bridge Foot, Vauxhall
- London.
Ham-street
系
​44, Kingsland Park
High-steet, Wick
1, Caversham-road, Kentish Town
· Plymouth.
. Dublin.
- Caithness, Scotland.
London.
ARMOUR PLATES,
SCREWS.
BROWN, JOHN, & Co., LIMITED
BOLTS,
Atlas Works.
Cyclops Works
- Sheffield.
:
- Sheffield.
AND
CAMMELL, C., & Co., LIMITED
LIMBS
TEETH, DENTAL INSTRU-
ARTIFICIAL
MENTS, &c.
PATRICK, H. W., & SON
ARTILLERY.
HEWITT, W.
ARTISTS' COLOURS AND MA-
TERIALS.
CULMER, W., & SON
ROWNEY, G., & Co.
CRUCIBLE
22, St. Luke's Street, Stockbrook-
street
- Derby.
*
Prospect Villa, Sydenham Hill
- Bristol.
Hornsey-road
52, Rathbone-place
Sydney-street
流
​78, Hatton-garden
Battersea Works
INSTRU-
STORER, D., & SONS
ASSAY APPARATUS.
JOHNSON, MATTHEY, & Co.
PATENT PLUMBAGO
COMPANY
ASTRONOMICAL
MENTS.
ADAMS, W. M.
DALLMEYER, J. H.
BAROMETERS,
London.
London.
Glasgow.
- London.
London.
Arundel Club, Salisbury-street, Strand London.
19, Bloomsbury-street
London. S
bese
THERMOME-
TERS, &C.
BECK, R. & J.
HICKS, J. J.
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA
31, Cornhill -
8, Hatton-garden
Holborn Viaduct -
London.
- London.
London.
器
​
25
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
BARRACK
FURNITURE.
TURNER, G., & Co.
94, Gracechurch-street
WETHERED, E. R., MAJOR, R.A.
அம்
BATHS.
THORNTON, E.
12, Richmond-road
BEEHIVES.
LOVEY, E.
NEIGHBOUR, G., & SONS
BISCUITS.
GISSING, A. S., & SONS
BLOCKS FOR WOOD ENGRAV-
ING.
SCOTT, R. J.
London.
Woolwich, Kent.
Bradford.
Ponsnooth, Perran-ar-wor-
149, Regent-street
thal, Cornwall.
London.
Castle-street
- Eye, Suffolk.
8, Whitefriars-street, Fleet-street
London.
BOATS, AND BOAT LOWERING
APPARATUS.
BRADFORD, W. H.
HILL & CLARK
LOGAN, J. M.
ROBY, G.
BOILERS,
BOILER PLATES,
TUBES, FEED PUMPS, &c.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
*....
6, Westminster-chambers, Victoria-
street
Chesterton-road
31, King-street
Great Saughall, near Chester.

· London.
Cambridge.
Wigan.
Galloway, W. & J., & SoxS
GRAHAM & Co.
WRIGHT, W.
BOLTS AND NUTS.
Knott Mill Ironworks
Colchester, Essex.
Manchester.
Premier Boiler Works, Premier road Halifax.
Vulcan Foundry
Coatbridge, Scotland.
25, Falmouth-road,Great Dover-street London.
ADAMS, R.
PATENT NUT AND BOLT Co.,
LIMITED
London Works
BOLT FORGING MACHINE.
near Birmingham.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
Albion Works
. Leeds.

BOOKS, BOOK
BINDING, AL-
BUMS, &c.
AUGENER, G., & Co.
86, Newgate-street
BIRDSALL & Co.
CASSELL, PETTER, & GALPIN
DICKSON, J. H., & NEPHEW
DICKINSON & HIGHAM
HOLDSWORTH, E. W. H.
JOHNSON, E.
London.
Northampton.
La Belle Sauvage Yard, Ludgate-hill London.
Rheea Rod Fibre Works
73, Farringdon-street
12, Clifton-road, St. John's Wood
3, Castle-street, Holborn
- Godalming, Surrey.
London.
London.
London.
A

26
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
BOOKS, BOOK BINDING, AL-
BUMS, &c.-cont.
LOCKWOOD & Co.
LOTH, J. T., DR.
PAUL, W.
POTTS, R.
PRENDERGAST, T.
SMITH, D.
SUNDAY SCHOOL UNION
WARD, M., & Co.
WARNER, R.
WILLIAMS, B. S.
7, Stationers' Hall-court, Ludgate-hill London.
18, Gilmore-place
Trinity College
Meldon Lodge
Liddal
56, Old Bailey
67 and 68, Chandos-street, Strand
8, Crescent, Cripplegate
Victoria and Paradise
Upper Holloway
Nurseries,
Edinburgh.
Waltham Cross, Hertford-
shire.
Cambridge.
- Cheltenham.
- Halifax.
London.
. London.
London.
London.
BOOTS, SHOES, ELASTIC WEBS
FOR DO., SPURS, &c.
BAXTER, R.
HALE, J., & Co.
HODGES, T. W., & SONS
LOBB, J.
MATTHEWS, JAMES
ROE, W. A.
SIMON, MAY, & Co.
ULLATHORNE & Co.
纛
​BORING AND BLASTING
TOOLS, AND ACCESSORIES.
BICKFORD, SMITH, & Co.
COPELAND, G. A.
PIGOU, WILKS, & LAURENCE
BOTTLES.
AIRE & CALDER GLASS BOTTLE
Co. (E. BREFFIT, Proprietor)
CODD, H.
KILNER BROTHERS
BRASS CASTINGS, SHEETS,
TUBES, WIRE, NAILS, SPIKES.
BAKER, C., & SONS -
St. James' Green
Hatherton Works
296, Regent-street
43, Gibson-street, Waterloo-road
81, Humberstone-gate
Week-day Cross
Tucking Mill
11, Queen Victoria-street
83, Upper Thames-street
14, Dunster House, Mark-lane
Great Northern Goods Station, King's
Cross
98, Lichfield-street
Thirsk, Yorkshire.
- Walsall.
- Leicester.
. London.
- London.
Leicester.
- Nottingham.
Barnard Castle, Durham.
Cornwall.
- Camborne, Cornwall.
- London.
London.
· London.
London.
Birmingham.
Cox & SONS
KEITH & Co.
MATTHEWS, E.
SINGER, J. W., & SON
BRICKS, BRICKMAKING, TILES,
COPINGS, &c. mangg
BROOKE, E., & SONS
BROWNHILLS POTTERY Co.
28, 29, 31, Southampton-street, Strand London.
6, Denmark-street, Soho
377, Oxford-street
Field House
- London.
London.

Frome, Somerset.
Huddersfield.
Tunstall, Staffordshire.
27
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
BRICKS, BRICKMAKING,TILES,
COPINGS, &c.-cont.
CAMPBELL BRICK AND TILE COM-
PANY
CLIFF, J.
COLTHURST, SYMONDS, & Co.
EASTWOOD & Co., LIMITED
HAMBLET, J.
HARPER & MOORES
HOLLAND, W. T.
JOHNSON & Co.
KING BROTHERS
PEAKE, T.
REYNOLDS, J. G.
STANLEY BROTHERS
STIFF, J., & SONS
WOOD & IVERY
BRONZE GOODS.
PHOSPHOR
LIMITED
BRUSHES,
Address of Exhibitor.
Wellington Wharf, Belvedere-road,
Lambeth
Piercy Works
Ditchling Potteries
The Tileries -
9, Old Ford-road
Midland Tile Works
High-street, Lambeth
Albion Brick Works
Stoke-on-Trent.
Runcorn, near Liverpool.
Bridgwater, Somerset.
London.
West Bromwich, Stafford-
shire.
Stourbridge.
Llanelly, South Wales.
- Sussex.
Stourbridge.Z ANDENONG
- Tunstall, Staffordshire.
. London.
- Nuneaton, Warwickshire.
London.
- West Bromwich, Stafford-
shire.
BRONZE
COMPANY,
139, Cannon-street -
London.
COMBS,
AND
SPONGES.
ELRICK, C. G.
London.
London.
· London.
KENT, G. B., & Co.
Low, Son, & HAYDON
CANDLES, MATCHES, &c.
BRYANT & MAY
FIELD, J. C., & J.
8, Aldermanbury Postern
11, Great Marlborough-street
148 and 330, Strand
Fairfield Works, Bow
London.
Lambeth Marsh
London.
Belmont Works, Battersea
London.
CHAN-
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE CO.
CANDELABRA
DELIERS.
AND
GREEN, J., & NEPHEW
CARPETS, RUGS, AND CARPET
DESIGNS.
CROSSLEY, J., & SONS, LIMITED
GREGORY & Co.
HENDERSON & Co. -
LAPWORTH BROTHERS
LEWIS, JOHN
ROBINSON, V., & Co.
SHOOLBRED, J., & Co.
TEMPLETON, J., & Co.
TEMPLETON, J., & J. S.
TOMKINSON & ADAM
107, Queen Victoria-street
- London.
Deanclough Mills
Halifax.
212, 214, Regent Street
. London.
- Durham.
22, Old Bond-street
India-buildings
· London.

Halifax, and 78, Watling-
street, London.
38, Welbeck-street, Cavendish-square London.
Tottenham Court-road
William-street
Crownpoint-road
London.
Glasgow.
Glasgow.
Kidderminster.
209
28
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.

CARRIAGES, PARTS OF CAR-
RIAGES, AND FITTINGS OF
CARRIAGES, CARTS, &c.
HOOPER & Co.
MCNAUGHT & SMITH
MULLINER, H., & Co.
PETERS, T., & SONS
ROBERTS, J.
ROBERTS, J., & SONS
THORN, C.
WINDOVER, C. S.
CEMENTS, CHALK, LIME, &c.
BUSSE, G., & Co.
EASTWOOD & Co., LIMITED
FRANCIS & Co.
GRAY'S CHALK QUARRIES Co.,
LIMITED
HOLLAND, W. T.
HOLLICK & Co.
LAVERS, A. H.
PATENT SELENITIC CEMENT CO.,
LIMITED
WOULDHAM CEMENT Co.
CHEESE.
113, Victoria-street, Westminster
53, Park-street, Grosvenor-square
London.
- Worcester.
- Leamington Spa, Warwick-
shire.
London.
10, Cavendish-street, Stretford-road Manchester.
West of England Carriage Works
St. Gile's-gate
32, 33, Long Acre
Bridgewater.
Norwich.
London.
8, South-street, Finsbury
London.
Wellington Wharf, Belvedere-road,
Lambeth
London.
Bridge Foot, Vauxhall
- London.
90, Lower Thames-street
Nine Elms
London.
- Llanelly, South Wales.
· Greenwich, London.
London.
London.
211, Millbank-street, Westminster
10A, King's Arms-yard,Moorgate-st.- London.
EVANS & STAFFORD
CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEU-
TICAL PRODUCTS.
ALLEN & HANBURYS
BRUNNER, MOND, & Co.
Campbell-street
Plough-court, Lombard-street
Leicester.
London.
Winnington,
Cheshire.
Northwich,
CALVERT, F. C., & Co.
CHAMBERS, T. F.
CHANCE, BROTHERS, & Co.
DESOTO ALKALI COMPANY, LIMITED
EVANS, LESCHER, & EVANS
GASKELL, Deacon, & Co.
GERRARD, A. W.
GREENBANK ALKALI COMPANY,
LIMITED
HUTCHINSON, J., & Co.
JENNINGS, T.
JOHNSON BROS.
KINMOND & Co.
india dan de
LIVER ALKALI WORKS COMPANY
MORSON, T., & SON
51, High Street
Alkali Works
60, Bartholomew Close
153, Liverpool-road -
Brookfield Works
High Street
Kenilworth-street
Lightbody Street
- Bradford, near Manchester.
Hull.
near Birmingham.
31, 33, & 124, Southampton-row,
Russell-square
Widnes, Lancashire.
London.
Widnes, Lancashire.
London.

St. Helen's, Lancashire.
Widnes, Lancashire.
Cork, Ireland.
- Hull.
Leamington, Warwickshire.
- Liverpool.
London.
3
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
29
Address of Exhibitor.
CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEU-
TICAL PRODUCTS-cont.
MUSPRATT, J., & SONS
MUSPRATT, BROS., & HUNTLEY
NEWCASTLE CHEMICAL WORKS Co.,
LIMITED
5, Chapel-street
5, Chapel-street
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE COMPANY Belmont Works, Battersea
RAWLINS & SON
RICHARDS,
QUOINE
Brook Works, Rainhill
KEARNE, & GAS-
· Liverpool.
- Liverpool.
Newcastle-on-Tyne.
- London.
Prescot.
Sandbach, Cheshire.
Liverpool.
RUNCORN SOAP AND ALKALI Co.,
LIMITED
SMITH, T. & H., & Co.
WELDON, W.
WHITE, J. & J.
WYNDHAM, F., & Co.
YOUNG, J.
CHINA, EARTHENWARE, AND
OTHER POTTERY.
BAILEY, W. & J. A.
BATES, WALKER, & Co.
BROWN-WESTHEAD, MOORE, & Co.
BROWNFIELD, W., & SON
BROWNHILLS POTTERY COMPANY
CRAVEN, DUNNILL, & Co.,
LIMITED
DANIELL, A. B., & SON
DOULTON & WATTS
EDWARDS, JOHN
EDWARDS, J. & SON
GARDNER, P.
GREEN, JAMES, & NEPHEW
HOLLAND, W. T.
HOPE AND CARTER ·
MAW & Co.
MILLAR, J., & Co.
MINTON, HOLLINS, & Co.
POWELL & BISHOP
1
$
6, Water-street
21, Duke-street
Abbey Lodge
80, Wilson-street
37, Eastcheap
Dale Hall Works
Cauldon-place
Jackfield Works
46, Wigmore-street -
Lambeth Pottery, Lambeth -
King-street, Fenton
Dale Hall Pottery
Dunmore Pottery
107, Queen Victoria-street, City
Burslem
Benthall Works
2, South Saint Andrew-street
Edinburgh.
Merton, Surrey.
- Glasgow.
- London.
Kelly, Wemyss Bay, Scot.
land.
Alloa, Scotland.
- Burslem.
Staffordshire Potteries.
- Cobridge, Staffordshire.
- Tunstall, Staffordshire.
near Ironbridge, Shropshire.
- London.
London.
Staffordshire.
Burslem.
Stirling, Scotland.
- London.
- Llanelly, South Wales.
- Staffordshire.
- Broseley, Shropshire.
- Edinburgh.
Stoke-on-Trent.
· Hanley, Staffordshire. 2000
G
CHRONOMETERS AND CLOCKS,
AND WATCH WORK OF ALL
KINDS.
CLAXTON, R.
DEL RIEGO, M.
DENT, M. F. -
FRODSHAM, C., & Co.
GIBSON, W.
KULLBERG, V.
MERCER, T.

65, Middleton-street, Clerkenwell
284, Regent-street
33, Cockspur-street, Charing Cross
84, Strand
Castle-place-
105, Liverpool-road, Islington
161, Goswell-road
London.
- London.
London.
London.
. Belfast.
London.
London.
海
​30

Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
CHRONOMETERS, &c.—cont.
MORTON, G.
NEAL, J.
NICOLE, NEILSON, & Co.
POOLE, J., & Co.
SEWILL, J.
SMITH, BORTHWICK
WHITTAKER, R.
CHURCH FURNITURE.
Cox & SONS
GILL, J.
HART, SON, PEARD, & Co. -
HEMS, HARRY
MATTHEWS, E.
SINGER, J. W., & SON
CLEATS,
SAFETY.
SELF-ACTING,
CRUICKSHANK, A. B.
CLAY.
DAVIDSON, T., JUN., & Co.
DUNN, R., & Co.
HARPER & MOORES
KING BROTHERS
PIKE, W. J.
REYNOLDS, J. G.
CLOTHING.
DICKSON, J. H., & NEPHEW
FESTA, G. P.
HITCHCOCK, WILLIAMS, & Co.
JONES, P.
MCGEE, J. G., & Co.
MCLINTOCK, J., & SONS
SCHREIBER, F. A.
SYKES, JOSEPHINE, & Co.
THOMSON, W. S., & SONS
COAL, COKE, AND OTHER FUEL.
MARRIOTT, ELIZABETH
PENROSE & RICHARDS
WIGAN COAL & IRON COMPANY,
LIMITED
COCOA, CHOCOLATE, COFFEE, |
CHICORY, AND THEIR PRE-
PARATIONS.
FRY, J. S., & SONS
MENIER, E.
TURNER, R. P.
Address of Exhibitor.
31, Hanover-street, Islington
44, 46, 48, Edgware-road
14, Soho-square
33, Spencer-street, Clerkenwell
20, Cornhill
Junction-street
7, Great Sutton-street, Clerkenwell
London.
- London.
London.
- London.
· London.
- Coventry.
London.
28, 29, 31, Southampton-street,
Strand
66, Regent-street, Lambeth
Wych-street, Strand
69, Paris Street
377, Oxford-street
5, Reform-street
33 and 41, Garngad-hill
Oak Villa
9, Old Ford-road
Rheea Rod Fibre Works
- London.
London.
- London.
Exeter.
- London.
- Frome, Somerset.
Dundee, Scotland.
Glasgow.
- St. Austell, Cornwall.
- Stourbridge.
- Stourbridge.
- Wareham, Dorsetshire.
London.
Godalming, Surrey.
13, Charles-street, Grosvenor-square London.
St. Paul's Churchyard
30, 32, 34, High-street
Utilitas Works
17, Thavies Inn
280, Regent-street
97, Cheapside
15, Oldfield Road
J
London.
Newtown,Montgomeryshire.
Belfast.
Barnsley, Yorkshire.
London.
. London.
London.
- Stoke Newington.
- Swansea, South Wales.
- Wigan, Lancashire.

Southwark-street, Borough
London.
- London.
- Peterborough.
252, City-road
7, Market-place
31
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
COLOURS,
PAINTS,
DYES,
VARNISHES, AND STAINS.
CRAIG & ROSE
REYNOLDS, J. G.
ROWNEY, G., & Co.
SILICATE PAINT COMPANY, THE
STEPHENS, H. C.
STORER, D., & SONS
TURNER, C. & SON -
WILLIAMS, M.
CONDIMENTS, SAUCES, SPICES,
FLAVOURINGS, &c.
BALL, J.
CROSSE & BLACKWELL
GISSING, A. S., & SONS
GOODALL, BACKHOUSE, & Co.
JAAP, J.
JONES, PALMER, & Co.
Caledonian Works
9, Old Ford-road
52, Rathbone-place
24, Fenwick-street
171, Aldersgate-street
Sydney-street
7, Broad Street, Bloomsbury
Britannia Varnish Works
12, Duke-street, Grosvenor-square
Soho-square
Castle-street
Boar-lane
268, Buchanan-street
Eastern Works, Tabernacle-walk,
Finsbury
KEEN, ROBINSON, BELLVILLE, & Co. 6, Garlick Hill, Cannon-street
LEA & PERRINS
MACKAY, J.
MAW, T.
MELLIN, G.
NICOLL, D.
PARKINSON BROTHERS
PATCHITT, E. C.
POWELL, T.
PRATT, J.
SMITH, T. & H., & Co.
TURNER, R. P.
YUILLE, A.-
CONVERTER OF BREECH LOAD-
ING FIRE-ARMS.
CLAY, R.
COOKING
APPARATUS.
ETZENSBERGER, R. U.
PERKINS, A. M., & SON
THORNTON, E.
COTTON, COTTON YARN, COT-
TON THREAD.
ASHWORTH, E., & SONS
BROOK, J., & BROTHERS
CLARK, J., JUN., & Co.
COATS, J. P., & Co.
...
119, George-street
Windsor-place
16, Tichborne-street, Regent-street
15, Clement's Inn
43, Hammerton-street
Ilkeston-road
81, High-street, St. Marylebone
227, Oxford-street
21, Duke-street
7, Market-place
132, Irongate, Melville-court
58, Finborough-road, South Kensing
ton
Edinburgh.
. London.
- London.
- Liverpool.
London.
Glasgow.
- London.
· Wigan.
London.
- London.
- Eye, Suffolk.
- Leeds.
Glasgow, Scotland.
London.
- London.
Worcester.
- Edinburgh.
Burmantofts, Leeds.
London.
London.
- Burnley, Lancashire.
- Nottingham.
London.
London.
- Edinburgh.
- Peterborough.
Glasgow.
- London.
London.
London.
Bradford.
Midland Hotel, St. Pancras
Seaford-street, Regent-square, Gray's
Inn-road
12, Richmond-road

Egerton Mills
Bolton.
Meltham Mills
16, George-street, Mile-end
Ferguslie Thread Works
Huddersfield.
Glasgow.
Paisley.
32
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
COTTON, YARN, COTTON YARD,
COTTON THREAD.cont.
DEWHURST, J., & SONS
FERGUSON BROTHERS
NEILSON, STORER, & SONS -
ULLATHORNE & Co.
COTTON FABRICS.
BARLOW & JONES, LIMITED
BRIGG, J. F., & Co.
GREENMOUNT SPINNING Co.
HAWKINS, J., & SONS
MCBRIDE, R., & Co.
SCHWABE, SALIS, & Co.
SIMPSON & KING
SWAINSON, BIRLEY, & Co.
WILSON, T. & D., & Co.
CRAPE.
FRENCH & Co.
CRUCIBLES, MELTING POTS.
DOULTON & Co.
HARPER & MOORES
PATENT PLUMBAGO CRUCIBLE COM-
PANY
Belle Vue Mills
Holme Head Works
Thorn Mills
2, Portland-street
Greenmount Factory
8, Faulkner-street
4, Bedford-street
41, George-street
7, York-street
42, Cheapside
145, Ingram-street
Address of Exhibitor.
Skipton.
near Carlisle.
Johnstone, near Paisley.
Barnard Castle, Durham.
Manchester.
Huddersfield.
Harold's Cross, Dublin.
Manchester.
- Belfast.
Manchester.
- Manchester.
- London.
- Glasgow.
St. Mary's Works
Norwich.
48, High-street, Lambeth
- London.
Battersea Works
- Stourbridge.
- London.
CUTLERY.
BROOKES & CROOKES
BURNAND & Co.
HAWKESWORTH (WILSON), ELLI-
SON, & Co.
KINGSBURY, T.
NEAL, J.
NEAL, J., & Co.
NEEDHAM, J.
WOSTENHOLM & SON (LIMITED)
DAMASK LINENS.
BARLOW & JONES, LIMITED
DICKSONS, FERGUSON, & Co.
EWART, W. & SON
دران به ترتیر
GREENMOUNT SPINNING COMPANY
JOHNSON, J., & FILDES
LAIRD, W., & Co.
RICHARDSON, J. N., SONS, &
OWDEN
WEBB, E., & SONS -
Atlantic Works, St. Philip's-road
Leicester Works, Leicester-street
Carlisle Works
9, New Bond-street
44, 46, 48, Edgware-road
22, 23, 24, Hampden Gurney-street,
Portman-square
69, Arundel-street
Washington Works
2, Portland-street
Linen Hall-street
Greenmount Factory
44, Spring-gardens -
Canmore Linen Works
1, Donegall-square, North
Copenhagen-street-
A
Sheffield.
. Sheffield.
Sheffield.
- London.
- London.
London.
Sheffield.
Sheffield.
Manchester.
- Belfast.
. Belfast.

- Harold's Cross, Dublin.
Manchester.
- Forfar, Scotland.
- Belfast.
- Worcester.

33
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
DESIGNS
FOR
MANUFAC-
TURES AND DECORATIONS,
BEVIS, H.
DASHWOOD, C. W.
HOOPER & Co.
****
KERR, E.
LEIGHTON, JOHN
MCINTOSH, J.
NICHOLL, S. J.
DISINFECTANTS,
Tü
**
DISINFEC-
TORS, FUMIGATORS, INSECT
AND VERMIN DESTROYERS.
CALVERT, F. C., & Co.
LEDGER, H., & Co.
LEE, R. J., DR.
RIMMEL, EUGENE
0
Address of Exhibitor.
140, Pentonville-road
London.
1, St. Clement's Churchyard, Strand London.
113, Victoria-street, Westminster
7, Merville-terrace, Gilford-place,
North Strand
London.
. Dublin.
12, Ormonde-terrace, Regent's Park, London.
38, Langham-street
- London.
1, Caversham-road, Kentish Town - London.
61, 63, Lant-street, Borough
4, Savile-row
96, Strand
Bradford, near Manchester.
London.
- London.
- London.
DRUGS.
ALLEN & HANBURYS
EVANS, LESCHER, & EVANS
GERRARD, A. W.
KINMOND & Co.
Plough Court, Lombard-street
60, Bartholomew Close
153, Liverpool Road
London,
- London.
- London.

- Leamington.
MORSON & SON
SMITH, T. & H., & Co.
TYNE VALE CHEMICAL CO.
USHER, R.
Kenilworth Street
Southampton Row, Russell Square - London.
21, Duke-street
Northumberland Works, Forth Banks Newcastle-on-Tyne.
Edinburgh.
-
Bodicote, near
Oxfordshire.
Banbury,
EDUCATIONAL BOOKS, &c.
BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND As-
SOCIATION
CASSELL, PETTER, AND GALPIN
LOCKWOOD & Co.
LOTH, J. T., DR.
POTTS, R., M., A.
ROLA, V.
RUNDELL, J. B.
SUNDAY SCHOOL UNION
WARD, M., & Co. -
va
33, Cambridge-square, Hyde-park
London.
La Belle Sauvage Yard, Ludgate-hill London.
7, Stationers' Hall-court, Ludgate-hill London.
18, Gilmore-place
Trinity College
22, Leinster-square, Bayswater
Science and Art Department, South
- Edinburgh.
- Cambridge.
London.
Kensington Museum
London.
56, Old Bailey
London.
67, 68, Chandos-street, Strand
London.
ELASTIC FABRICS AND ELAS-
TIC WEB.
HODGES, T. W., & SONS
LANG, J. & J.
Leicester.
13, Charterhouse-buildings, Alders-
gate-street-
London.
C
36247.

34
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
ELASTIC
FABRICS, AND
ELASTIC WEB.-cont.
REIN, F. C., MRS.
SIMON, MAY, & Co.
TURNER, A., & Co,
ELECTRICAL MACHINES AND
ELECTRO - MAGNETIC AND
GALVANIC BATTERIES, AP-
PARATUS, LAMPS, &c.
PULVERMACHER, I. L.
REIN, F. C., & SON
SMITH & STARLEY
THERMO ELECTRIC GENERATOR
Co., LIMITED
108, Strand -
Week-day Cross
Bow Bridge Works -
194, Regent-street
108, Strand
Trafalgar Works
27, New-street, Cloth Fair
London.
- Nottingham.
Leicester.
· London.
- London.
- Coventry.
- London.
ELECTRO
REPRODUCTIONS
OF WORKS OF ART.
ELKINGTON & Co. -
EMERY.
OAKEY, J., & SONS
ENGRAVING AND ENAMEI-
Newhall Street
*
- Birmingham.
Wellington Works, Westminster-
bridge-road
London,
LING ON WOOD,
GEMS,

METAL, GLASS, &c.
DICKES, W.
FETHERSTON, J. J.
Farringdon-road
2, Coppingers-row
London.
GILL, JAMES
66, Regent Street, Lambeth
. Dublin.
London.
JOHNSON, J. M., &
SONS,
LIMITED
LAFARGUE, P., Dr.
TYPOGRAPHIC ETCHING Co.
ULRICH, H. S.
3, Castle-street, Holborn
23, Farringdon-street
27, South Hill-park, Hampstead
London.
London.
. London.
Brynterian, Chelsfield, Chislehurst
Kent.
FELT AND ARTICLES MADE
OF FELT.
ANDERSON, D., & SON
ENGERT & ROLFE
MOTEAR & Co.
FILES AND RASPS.
HAWKSWORTH, (WILSON), ELLI-
SON, & Co.
Lagan Felt Works
Belfast.
Barchester-street, Poplar New Town - London.
Corporation-street
Belfast.
Carlisle Works
Sheffield,

35
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
FILTERS, FILTERING BAGS,
&C.
BUSSE, G., & Co.
CHEAVIN, George
STIFF, J., & SONS
Address of Exhibitor.
8, South-street, Finsbury
London.
Wide Bargate Filter Works, Boston - Lincolnshire.
High-street, Lambeth
London.
FIRE-ARMS.
BUSSEY, G. G., & Co.-
DOUGALL, J. D.
GIBBS, G.
GREEN, E. C.
GREENER, W. W.
HENRY, A. -
LANCASTER, A.
LANCASTER, C. W.
LANG, J., & SONS
NEEDHAM & Co.
PURDEY, J.-
REILLY, E. M., & Co.
RIGBY, J., & Co.
Scort, W. & C., & Sons
SOPER, W. -
TOLLEY, J. & W.
WEBLEY, P., & SON
WILLIAMS & POWELL
Museum Works, Rye-lane, Peckham - London.
59, St. James-street
29, Corn-street
87, High-street
St. Mary's Works
12, South St. Andrew-street -
27, South Audley-street
151, New Bond-street
23, Cockspur-street
53, Piccadilly
314, Oxford-street
502, New Oxford-street
72, St. James-street -
23, Friar-street
London.
. Bristol.
Cheltenham.
- Birmingham.
- Edinburgh.
London.
London.
London.
London.
London.
- London.
London.
Premier Gun Works, Lancaster-street Birmingham.
Pioneer Works, St. Mary's-square
82, Weaman-street
25, South Castle-street
Reading.
- Liverpool.
Birmingham.
Birmingham.
FIRE-BRICKS AND FIRE-CLAY.

CLIFF, J.
HARRISON, G. K.
HARPER & MOORES
HOLLAND, W. T.
KING BROTHERS
REYNOLDS, J. G.
FIRE ENGINES AND FIRE EX-
TINGUISHING APPARATUS.
ADAIR & Co.
The Lye and Brettel Works
9, Old Ford-road
Runcorn, near Liverpool.
Stourbridge.
Stourbridge.
Llanelly, South Wales.
- Stourbridge.
London.
WALLACE, J. S., & TUCKER, E.
-Neptune-street
3, Antrim-place
- Liverpool.
**
· Belfast.
FIRE-PROOF
PROOFING.
CHATWOOD, SAMUEL
ROBY, G., & Co.
WHITE, W. G.
SAFES, FIRE
120, Cannon Street
31, King-street
Albert Villa -
- London.
Wigan.
New Malden, Surrey.
C 2


36
说明
​Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.

FISHHOOKS, FISHING
AND TACKLE.
BUCHANAN, J.
ENGLISH, J., & Co. -
HENRY, A.
MILWARD, H., & SONS
PULLINGER, C.
RYDER, W. H.
TURNER, R., & Co. -
WOODFIELD, W., & SONS
FLAGS.
BEVIS, H.
TURTLE & PEARCE
device
戦
​NETS
56 to 62, Dale-street -
12, South St. Andrew-street
48, Ellis-street
Old Factory -
Easemore Works
Tradeston, Glasgow.
- Feckenham, near Redditch.
- Edinburgh.
www
- Redditch.
Selsey, near Chichester,
Sussex.
Birmingham.
- Redditch.
Redditch.
140, Pentonville-road
11, Duke Street, London Bridge
- London.
London.
FLANNEL.
JONES, P.
FLAX,
HEMP, JUTE,
AND
OTHER FIBRES.
COX BROTHERS
LAIRD, W., & Co.
Camperdown Works
Newtown, Montgomeryshire.
*
Lochee, Dundee.
SANDEMAN, F. S.
FLOORCLOTHS AND MATTING.
BOULINIKON FLOOR CLOTH MANU-
FACTURING COMPANY, LIMITED
CORTICENE FLOOR COVERING COM-
PANY
NAIRN, M., & Co.
TULL, GLANVILL, & Co.
FLOUR AND FLOUR MILLS.
LLOYD, T., & SONS -
POWELL, T.-
SUTCLIFFE, J. S.
FUEL ECONOMISERS.
GREEN, E., & SON
BEECHIN, J. B.
Canmore Linen Works
Manhattan Works
Worsley-street
115, Queen Victoria-street
- Forfar, Scotland.

. Dundee.
Salford, Manchester.
- London.
- Kirkcaldy, Scotland.
Crown Works, Roupell-street, Lambeth London.
327, Old-street, Shoreditch
London.
81, High-street, St. Marylebone
London.
Bacup, Lancashire.
14, St. Anne's-square
45, Commercial-street
Manchester.
Dundee.
FURNACES,
FORGES,
AND
BLOWING MACHINERY.
DOULTON & Co.
ELLIS, W. J.
48, High-street, Lambeth
66, Murray-street
淤血
​London.
Higher Broughton, Man-
chester,

37
嘅
​Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
FURNACES, FORGES, &c.—cont.
Address of Exhibitor.
PANY
PATENT PLUMBAGO CRUCIBLE COM-
Battersea Works
London.
அப்ல்
12, Queen Anne's-gate
London.
153, Duke-street
Liverpool.
SIEMENS, C. W.
SMITH, D.
FURNITURE DECORATION
AND DESIGNS.
ARTHUR, F.
BARNARD, B.
COLLINSON & LOCK
COLLMAN, L. W.
COOPER & HOLT
Cox & SONS
HEMS, HARRY
www.
www
18, Motcomb-street
· London.
107, St. Paul's-road, Highbury
- London.
109, Fleet-street
· London.
67, George-street, Portman-square
London.
wise
48, 49, 50, Bunhill-row
London.
Rzainik
69, Prior-street
25, Berners-street
28, 29, 31, Southampton-street, Strand London.
Exeter.
London.
HOWARD & SONS
JEFFREYS, CHARLES
KNIGHT, MARY
LAFARGUE, P.
MCINTOSH, J.
MORTON, W., SCOTT, & Co.
PEYTON & PEYTON -
PHIPSON, EMMA
ROBERTS, W.
ROYAL SCHOOL OF ART NEEDLE-
WORK
SAGE, FREDERICK
SCHILDBERG, H., & Co.
103. Hatton Garden
1, Anderson-street, Chelsea
27, South Hill-park, Hampstead
38, Langham-street
Dabry House
Bordesley Works
139, Derby-road
Exhibition-road
- London.
- London.
. London.
- London.
- Edinburgh.
Birmingham.
Monk Sherborne, Basing-
stoke, Hampshire.
- Bootle, near Liverpool.

London.
80-84, Gray's Inn Road
London.
26, Moorgate-street-
London.
SHOOLBRED, J., & Co.
Tottenham Court-road
London.
WATSON, J., & SON
WATSON & Co.
WRIGHT & MANSFIELD
Moorgate-street Chambers
London.
Bombay, care of J. Watson & Co.,
Moorgate-street Chambers
Loondon.
104, New Bond-strect
London.
FURNITURE
AND
UPHOLS-
TERY STUFFS, &C »
NORRIS & Co.
124, Wood-street
London.
PIM BROTHERS & Co.
ROYAL SCHOOL OF ART NEEDLE-
WORK
SAGE, FREDERICK
SIMPSON & KING
GAMES AND TOYS.
STEREOSCOPIC
PHOTOGRAPHIC COMPANY
LONDON
LEWIS, J.
MARRISON, R. D. ⠀
MIDDLETON, T. J. -
NICHOLSON, H..
AND
110 and 108, Regent-street
177, Cannongate
-
Great Orford-street -
- London.
- Glasgow.
Norwich.
38, Little Queen-street, High Holborn London.
Kilner Deyne-terrace
Rochdale.
22, William-street
Dublin.
Exhibition-road
London.
80-84, Gray's Inn-road
7, York-street
London.
Manchester.

38
bat digagę www.livescien
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
BERY WRICH
مریه مرورگر
*
GARDEN
AND PARK EN-
GINES, FURNITURE, FIT-
TINGS, AND UTENSILS.
BARNARD, BISHOP, AND BARNARDS
KERR, E.
PULLINGER, C.
Norfolk Ironworks
7, Merville-terrace,
North Strand
WILKINSON, W., & SON
WILLS, A. W.
Address of Exhibitor.
Norwich.
Gilford-place,
Spring Works
Park Mills, Nechells
· Dublin.
Selsey, near Chichester,
Sussex,
Grimesthorpe, Sheffield.
- Birmingham.
GAS
APPARATUS,
GASOME-
TERS, METERS, AND
TINGS.
AIR BURNING CO., LIMITED
GWYNNE & Co.
HART, SON, PEARD, & Co.
KIMPTON, T.
PARTRIDGE & Co.
REYNOLDS, J. G.
SUGG, W.
WILLIAMS, M.
FIT-
GELATINE, ISINGLASS, GLUE,
&C.
GREEN, J.
HOOPER, C., JUN.
118, Green-street
Essex-street Works
Wych-street, Strand
2, 3, Barnards Inn, Holborn
Lombard-street
9, Old Ford-road
Vincent Works,
Westminster
#
Glasgow.
- London.
- London.
- London.
- Birmingham.
- London.
Vincent-street,
London.
- Wigan.
Britannia Varnish Works

12, Graham-terrace,
Kingsland
Ridley-road,
London.
6, 7, 8, New Weston-street, Bermond-
sey
. London.
GIRDERS.
MCTEAR & Co.
#
GLASS, ARTICLES MADE
OF GLASS, AND STAINED
GLASS.
AIRE AND CALDER GLASS BOTTLE
Co. (E. BREFFIT, Proprietor)
BAILEY, W. & J. A.
BAILLIE & Co.
CHANCE BROTHERS & Co.
CODD, H.
CONSTABLE, W. H. -
Cox & SONS
DANIELL, A. B., & SON
117, 119, 121, Corporation-street
83, Upper Thames-street
118, Wardour-street
Glass Works
14, Dunster House, Mark-lane
Stained Glass Works
Belfast.
London.
Alloa, Scotland.
London.
near Birmingham.
London.
near Cambridge.
28, 29, 31, Southampton-street, Strand London.
46, Wigmore-street
London.

39
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor. -
GLASS ARTICLES, &c.-cont.
DE MORINI C.
GIBBS & Moore
GREEN, J., & NEPHEW
HEATON, BUTLER, & BAYNE
HARDMAN, JOHN, & Co.
HETLEY, J., & SON
JENKINSON, A.
KILNER BROTHERS -
MATTHEWS, E., & SON
MCGRATH, J.
MIDDLETON, T. J.
waj
MILLAR, J., & Co.
POWELL & Sons
RAMSEY, W.
WARD & HUGHES
170, Great Portland-street
89, Southampton-row
107, Queen Victoria-street
14, Garrick-street
Newhall Hill
35, Soho-square
10, Princes-street
London.
London.
London.
London.
- Birmingham.
London.
Edinburgh.
Great Northern Goods Station, King's
Cross
377, Oxford-street
sojon
6a, White Lion-street, Chelsea
London.
. London.
London.
38, Little Queen-street, High Holborn London.
2, South Saint Andrew-street
Whitefriars Glass Works
83 and 84, Farringdon-street
67, Frith-street
Edinburgh.
- London.
London.
- London.
GLOVES.
DAGGETT, C.
DEBENHAM & FREEBODY
MORLEY, J. & R.
PULLMAN, R. & J.
WELCH, MARGETSON, & Co.
27, 29, 31, Wigmore-street
18, Wood-street, Cheapside
17, Greek-street, Soho
16 and 17, Cheapside
"
Woodstock, Oxfordshire.
London.
London.
- London.
London.
GOLDBEATERS' SKIN.
BENNETT, T., & SON
PUCKRIDGE, F., & NEPHEW
70, Turnmill-street, Farringdon-road London.
530, Kingsland-road

London.
GOLDSMITHS'
AND SILVER-
SMITHS' WORK AND PLATED
GOODS.
AITCHISON, J.
ELKINGTON & Co.
NEAL, J.
NEAL, J., & Co.
23, Princes-street
Newhall-street
44, 46, 48, Edgware-road
22, 23, 24, Hampden Gurney-street,
Portman-square
Edinburgh.
Birmingham,
London.
- London.
HAIR (HUMAN).
VAN VOLEN, G.
HATS, CAPS, AND THEIR MA-
TERIALS.
DASH, O.
HUMBERT, H.
LINCOLN, BENNETT, & Co.
TRESS & Co.
50 and 52, Waterloo-road, Lambeth, London.
10, King's-road, Brighton
30, Barbican
40, Piccadillyl
33, Stamford-street
Sussex, darkg
London.
- London.
London.

40
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
HEEL BALL.
ULLATHORNE & Co.
HONEY.
LOVEY, E. -
HORSE CLIPPERS.
MARTIN, R.
HORTICULTURE.
PAUL, W.
VEITCH, J., & SONS
WARNER, R.
WATERER, ANTHONY
WILLIAMS, B. S.
Address of Exhibitor.
Barnard Castle, Durham.
Ponsnooth, Perran-ar-wor-
thal, Cornwall.
The Village
Old Charlton, Kent.
Waltham Cross, Hertford-
shire.
Royal Nursery, King's-road, Chelsea London.
3, Crescent, Cripplegate
London.
Knap Hill Nursery
Woking, Surrey.
Victoria and Paradise Nurseries,
Upper Holloway
London.
HOSIERY.
MORLEY, J. & R.
SMYTH & Co.
18, Wood-street, Cheapside -
London.
36 and 37, Lower Abbey-street
- Dublin.
WELCH, MARGETSON, & Co.
16 and 17, Cheapside
London.
HOSPITALS,
AMBULANCES,
&c.
CLAY, R.
TURNER, G., & Co.
HYDRAULIC
JACKS, PRES-
HOISTS, TUBES, AND
SES,
FITTINGS.
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
TANGYE BROS.
WEST & Co.
INDIA-RUBBER BELTING,
PACKING, HOSE AND FA-
BRICS, &c., GUTTA PERCHA.
INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA,
AND TELEGRAPH WORKS COM-
PANY, LIMITED
LANG, J. & J.
58, Finborough-road, South Kensing-

ton
94, Gracechurch-street
额
​Cornwall Works, Soho
Crown-place, Kentish Town-road
London.
London.
Leeds.
Birmingham.
London.
100, Cannon-street
London.
13, Charterhouse-buildings, Alders-
gate-street
London

41
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
INKS AND INKSTANDS.
یا
BLACKWOOD, J., & Co.
BOWMAN, C.
COOPER & Co.
HICKISSON, M. A., Mrs. (Daughter
of the late John Bond)
LYONS, W.
SANDS BROTHERS & Co.
STEPHENS, H. C.
WEBSTER, H.
#s
Pid
fileist
18, Bread-street Hill
6, King-street, Tower-hill
5, Shoe-lane, Fleet-street
75, Southgate-road
Park-street
Salford Chemical Works
171, Aldersgate-street
22, Litchfield street, Soho
- London.
London.
. London.
- London.
- Manchester.
- Manchester.
- London.
- London.
IRON, IRON PLATE,
FORG.
INGS, TUBES, CASTINGS,
TANKS, BEDSTEADS, &c.
ADAMS, R.
ASH & LACY
BALDWIN, E. P., & W.
BARNARD,
NARDS
BISHOP, AND BAR
BROWN, JOHN, & CO., LIMITED
CAMMELL, C., & Co., LIMITED
Cox & SONS
GOVERNOR AND COMPANY
COPPER MINERS IN ENGLAND
GREAT WESTERN IRON Co.
HATTON, SONS, & Co.
HAWKINS, J., & Co.
PATENT NUT
LIMITED -
SIEMENS, C. W.
OF
AND BOLT CO.,
WEST CUMBERLAND IRON AND
STEEL CO., LIMITED
WHITWELL, THOMAS
2
WIGAN COAL AND IRON CO., LIM-
ITED
WOOD, J. W.
我
​25, Falmouth-road, Great Dover-street London.
Meriden Street
Wilden Works
Norfolk Ironworks
Atlas Works
Cyclops Works
Cwm Avon Works
Shepton -
Broadwater Works
16, Station-street
London Works
12, Queen Anne's-gate
Workington -
Thornaby Iron Works
Collector of H.M.'s Customs
S
Birmingham.
near Stourport.
Norwich.
- Sheffield.
Sheffield.
Taibach, Glamorganshire.
Wouldham.
- Kidderminster.
Walsall.
near Birmingham.
London.
Cumberland.
Stockton-on-Tees.
Wigan, Lancashire.
Harwich, Essex.

IVORY, BONE WARE, AND IMI-
TATIONS.
ELRICK, C. G.
SPILL, DANIEL
JEWELLERY, TRINKETS, AND
JEWEL CASES.
AITCHISON, J.
BRYAN, C.
8, Aldermanbury Postern
124, High-street, Homerton
London.
London.
23, Princes-street
West Cliff
Edinburgh.
Whitby, Yorkshire.

4.2
Object, and Name of Exhibitor
Address of Exhibitor.
JEWELLERY, TRINKETS, AND
JEWEL CASES-cont.
FETHERSTON, J. J. -
FRANCATI & SANTAMARIA
FRIDLANDER, A. A.
GIBSON, W.
GOGGIN, J.
JEFFERY, JOHN
NEAL, J.
2, Coppinger's-row
65, Hatton-garden
26, Hylton-street
Castle-place -
74, Grafton-street
14, Tottenham Court-road
44, 46, 48, Edgware-road
Dublin.
London.
Birmingham.
· Belfast.
Dublin.
- London.
London.
LACE, NET, LACE DRESSES,
CURTAINS, &c.
DUNRAVEN, COUNTESS OF
游​税
​Adare
HEYMAN & ALEXANDER
JACOBY, M., & Co.
SIMON, MAY, & Co.
SMITH, G. J.
STEWART, MOIR, & MUIR
Stoney-street
Broadway
Week-day Cross
The Terrace, Church-road
73, Mitchell-street
зако
- Co. Limerick.
Nottingham.
- Nottingham.
Nottingham.
- Upper Norwood, Surrey.
- Glasgow.
LAMPS,
LANTERNS,
AND
SAFETY LAMPS.
BAINBRIDGE, E.
COOKE, J., & Co.
GARDNER, J., & SONS
KERR, E.
SKELTON & Co.
Nunnery Colliery Offices
Sheffield.
82, Lawley-street, Belmont-passage - Birmingham.
453, Strand-
7, Merville-terrace,
London.
Gilford-place,

North Strand
37, Essex-street, Strand
Dublin.
London.
LEAK STOPPER.
WOOD, J. W.
Collector of H.M. Customs -
- Harwich, Cambridgeshire.
LEATHER.
ANGUS, G., & Co.
Bussey, G. G., & Co.
EDINBURGH WESTERN
COMPANY, LIMITED
HARRINGTON, J., & Co.
HOE, R., & SONS
HOOPER, C., JUN.
HOOPER, C. W., & SONS
PULLMAN, R. & J.
WILSON, WALKER, & Co.
Liverpool.
Museum Works, Rye-lane, Peckham - London.
10, Thomas-street
TANNING
135, West Port
Union Works
44, Leadenhall-street
6, New Weston-street, Bermondsey
51, Weston-street, Bermondsey
17, Greek-street, Soho
Sheepscar Works
能
​Edinburgh.
- Ryde, Isle of Wight.
London.
London.
- London.
- London.
Leeds.
R
22

43
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
LIFE-SAVING
APPARATUS.
LACEY, R..G.
SAINTY, J. & B.
AND DIVING
SANDERSON & PROCTOR
SIEBE & GORMAN
WALLACE & TUCKER, E.
**
Coast Guard Station -
AAS
Alpha Works
Shore Works
17,
Mason-street,
Westminster
Bridge-road
LINEN YARNS, THREAD, AND
FABRICS.
AINSWORTH, T.
BRIGG, F., J. & Co.
BROWETT, F., & Co.
BROWN, J. S., & SONS
DICKSONS, FERGUSON, & Co.
DUNBAR, MCMASTER, & Co.
EWART, W., & SONS
FENTON, CONNOR, & Co.
GREENMOUNT SPINNING COMPANY
JOHNSON, J., & FILDES
LAIRD, W., & Co.
MARSHALL & Co.
MATIER, H., & Co.
NORMAND, J., & SON
RICHARDSON, J. N., Sons, & Ow-
DEN
SANDEMAN, F. S.
YORK STREET FLAX SPINNING CO.,
LIMITED
3, Antrim-place
Cleator Mills
线
​Bedford-street
Linen Hall-street
Linen Hall
Rise
Leigh, Essex.
Wisbeach, Cambridge.
- Huddersfield.
London.
. Belfast.
Cleator, Carnforth, Cumber-
land.
Huddersfield.
Coventry.
Belfast.
- Belfast.
Gilford, County Down, Ire-
land.
- Belfast, Ireland.
Belfast.
Greenmount Factory, Harold's-cross Dublin.
44, Spring-gardens
Canmore Linen Works
Clarence-place
Dysart
1, Donegall-square, North
Manhattan Works
Manchester.
- Forfar, Scotland.
Leeds.
Belfast.
Fifeshire, Scotland.
Belfast.
- Dundee.
- Belfast, Ireland.
LITHOGRAPHIC
PRINTING
AND MATERIALS,
LITHO-
GRAPHY, CHROMO
LITHO-
GRAPHY, &c.
AUDSLEY & BOWES
BARTHOLOMEW, J.
DAY & SON
DICKES, W.
JOHNSON, J. M., & SONS, LIMI-
TED
ROWNEY, G., & Co.
LOCKS.
11, Dale Street
Chambers-street
47, Charing Cross
Farringdon-road
3, Castle-street, Holborn
52, Rathbone-place
- Liverpool.
Edinburgh.
- London.
London.
· London.
- London.
PHOSPHOR
BRONZE COMPANY,
LIMITED -
WHITE, W. G.
139, Cannon-street
Albert Villa
London.
New Malden, Surrey.

44
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
LOOMS AND ACCESSORIES
FOR WEAVING.
FISH, J. & G.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
INGHAM, J., & SON -
MACKENZIE, D.
STEVENS, T.
12, Grayston Street
Albion Works
Croft Head Works, Thornton
Fiswick, Preston.
- Leeds.
near Bradford.
Care of W. Smith, 19, Salisbury-
street, Strand
V
London.
- Coventry; and 20,Warwick
lane, London.
LUBRICATORS
AND
LUBRI-
CATING OILS.
CLARKE & DUNHAM
69, Mark-lane
MACHINE TOOLS.
BEESLEY, L. W. & J., & SONS
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
HEAP, J., & Co., LIMITED
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
ROBERTS, W.
Abbey-road Boiler Works
Albion Works
Lee-street
*049
139, Derby-road
M
London.
Barrow-in-Furness.
Leeds.
Oldham.
- Leeds.
- Bootle, near Liverpool.
MACHINERY.
AIR BLOWING MACHINERY.
ELLIS, W. J.
66, Murray-street, Higher Broughton Manchester.

AIR COMPRESSORS.
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
HURD, F.
AIR PUMPS.
WIER, M. A.
BOILERS.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
GALLOWAY, W. & J., & SONS
GRAHAM & Co.
BOLT FORGING
NERY.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
43, Borough-road, Southwark
Grove House
- London
- Walton, near Wakefield.
je
33, Abchurch-lane
Colchester
Knott Mill Ironworks
London.
Essex.
Manchester.
Premier Boiler Works, Premier-road Halifax.
MACHI-
Albion Works
. Leeds.

45
哈
​Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
BONE
NERY.
CRUSHING
MACHI-
DUNSTON ENGINE WORKS Co.
MA
BOTTLE-FILLING MACHINE.
CODD, H.
Ross, W. A.
BREWERS' MACHINERY.
LAWRENCE & Co.
14, Dunster House, Mark-lane
Cromac Buildings
22, St. Mary Axe
CALICO
PRINTING
MACHI-
NERY.
GADD, T.
Salford
CARDING MACHINERY.
FLEMING, T., & SON
CLARIFYING MA C HI-
NERY.
NEEDHAM & KITE
CLOTH CUTTING AND PRES-
SING MACHINERY.
SANSON, R. B.
Gateshead-on-Tyne.
London.
*
Belfast.
· London.
Manchester.
West Grove Mill
- Halifax.
Phoenix Ironworks, Vauxhall
London.
87, Globe-road, Mile End-road
London.
COAL CUTTING MACHI-
NERY.
BAIRD, W., & Co.
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
HURD, F.
MACDERMOTT, M.
Gartsherrie Ironworks
43, Borough-road, Southwark
Grove House
Scott's Chambers, 25 and 26, Pud-
ding-lane
- Coatbridge, Scotland.
- London.
Walton, near Wakefield.
London.
CONFECTIONERS' MA-
CHINERY.
COLLIER, L.
CORN DRESSING
CHINERY.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
CORN
WEIGHING
CHINERY.
CLARKE & DUNHAM
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
MA-
Wellington Works, River-street
· Rochdale.
Colchester, Essex.
MA-
69, Mark-lane
London.
Market-buildings, 28, Mark-lane
London.
A

4.6
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
COTTON WORKING MA-
CHINERY.
GADD, T.
HOWARD & BULLOUGH
PLATT BROTHERS & CO., LIMITED
WEST & Co.
CRANES.
APPLEBY BROTHERS
AVELING & PORTER
DARNING MACHINERY.
SMITH & STARLEY
Address of Exhibitor.
Globe Works
Hartford Works
Crown-place, Kentish Town-road
- Salford, Manchester.
- Accrington, Lancashire.
- Oldham.
- London.
Emerson-street, Southwark
London.
Rochester,
Kent;
and
Cannon-street, London.
Trafalgar Works
- Coventry.
DISTILLERY MACHINERY.
LAWRENCE & Co.
22, St. Mary Axe
DRILLING MACHINERY.
MACDERMOTT, M.
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY.
Scott's Chambers, 25 and 26, Pudding-
lane
London.
London
THERMO-ELECTRIC GENERATOR CO.,
LIMITED
27, New-street, Cloth Fair
London.

FLAX MACHINERY,
FAIRBAIRN, KENNEDY, & NAYLOR -
LAWSON, S., & SONS
Hope Foundry
Leeds.
Leeds.
HIGH-PRESSURE TESTING MA-
CHINERY.
SIEMENS, C. W.
12, Queen Anne's-gate
London.
HOISTING MACHINERY.
PICKERING, J.
Grove Works
- Stockton-on-Tees.
Cornwall Works
- Soho, Birmingham.
TANGYE BROS.
HOSIERY MACHINERY.
GIMSON & COLTMAN
HYDRAULIC MACHINERY.
MONCKTON, G. H..
KNIFE
CLEANING
NERY.
KENT, GEORGE
Duke-street
Leicester.
Care of Coutts & Co.
- London.
MACHI-
200, High Holborn -
London.
Sin

47
:
15
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
KNITTING MACHINERY.
SMITH & STARLEY
Trafalgar Works
LAWN MOWERS.
BARNARD, BISHOP, & BARNARDS
Norfolk Ironworks
LEATHER MACHINERY.
PULLMAN, R. & J. -
LITHOGRAPHING MACHINERY.
BEATTY, F. S.
Address of Exhibitor.
Coventry.
Norwich.
17, Greek-street, Soho
London.
30, Summers Hill
- Dublin.
LOCOMOTIVES.
HANDYSIDES STEEP GRADIENT
COMPANY, LIMITED
LOGOTYPES.
9, Victoria-chambers, Victoria-street London.
TOMLINE, COLONEL
LOOMS.
STEVENS, T.
Carlton Terrace
London.
Coventry; and 20, Warwick-
lane, London.
MACHINE TOOLS.
BEESLEY, L. W. & J., & SONS
Greenwood & BATLEY
HEAP, J., & Co., LIMITED
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
ROBERTS, W.
Abbey-road Boiler Works
Albion Works
Lee-street
139, Derby-road
Barrow-in-Furness.
- Leeds.
Oldham.
Leeds.
- Bootle, near Liverpool.
MARINE ENGINES.
HEWITT, W.
Prospect Villa, Sydenham-hill
PAINTING MACHINE.
ROBERTS, W.
Bristol.
#
139, Derby-road
Bootle, near Liverpool.
PAPER-MAKING MACHI-
NERY.
ANNANDALE, ALEX, & SONS
MARSHALL, T. J., & Co.
Beltonford Paper Works
Campbell Works,
Kingsland
Dunbar.
Gillet-street,
London.

48
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
PRINTING MACHINERY.
LILLY, J., & Co.
SHAW, W.
WALTER, J., M.P.
PULVERIZING
NERY.
KIMBERLEY, N. G.
Address of Exhibitor.
172, St. John-street, Clerkenwell
London.
3, Sheldon-street, Bayswater
"Times
London.
Office, Printing House-
square
你
​London.
MACHI-
11, Great St. Helen's
London.
PUNCHING AND
SHEARING
MACHINERY.
BEESLEY & SONS
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
Abbey-road Boiler Works
· Barrow-in-Furness.
- Leeds.
ROCK
NERY.
DRILLING
MACHI-
ANNANDALE, ALEX., & SONS
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
Beltonford Paper Works
43, Borough-road, Southwark
- Dunbar.
- London.
SCREW
NERY.
CUTTING
HEAP, J., & Co., LIMITED
SCREW PROPELLERS.
HEWITT, W.
VANSITTART, HENRIETTA
SEWING MACHINES.
KIMBALL & MORTON
MACHI-
LAING'S PATENT OVERHEAD SEW-
ING MACHINE Co.
SMITH & STARLEY -
WILSON, NEWTON, & Co.
GREENWOOD & BATTEY
SILK MACHINERY.
STEVENS, T.
Lee-street
Prospect Villa, Sydenham-hill
2, Montpelier-row, Twickenham
80, Bishop-street
4, Bain-square
Trafalgar Works
144, High Holborn
Albion Works
20, Warwick-lane
物
​SPINNING MACHINERY.
FAIRBAIRN, KENNEDY, & NAYLOR -
HOWARD & BULLOUGH
LAWSON & SONS
SPOOLING MACHINERY.
COATS, J. & P.
£
Globe Works
Hope Foundry
Ferguslie Thread Works
Oldham.

Bristol.
油
​Middlesex.
***
Anderston, Glasgow.
Dundee.
- Coventry.
- London.
Leeds, DAT
London.
Leeds.
Accrington, Lancashire.
Leeds.
- Paisley.

4.9
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
STEAM ENGINE FITTINGS.
COHNÉ, S.
DENNIS, T. H. P., & Co.
PHOSPHOR BRONZE COMPANY, LI-
MITED
TURNER, C.
WIER, M. A.
STAMPING MACHINERY.
MASSEY, B. & S.
SLOPER, JOSEPH
13, Sise-lane
Anchor Ironworks
139, Cannon-street
3, Bugle-street
33, Abchurch-lane
6, King William-street, City
- London.
Chelmsford.
- London.
- Southampton.
London.
Openshaw, Manchester.
- London.
STEAM HAMMERS.
MASSEY, B. & S.
STEAM PUMPS.
FISON, J. P.
GWYNNE, J. & H.
GWYNNE & Co.
PICKERING, J.
STEAM ROAD ROLLERS.
AVELING & Porter
STONE DRESSING MACHI-
NERY.
SHEARER, H.
Openshaw, Manchester.
Feversham Works
Hammersmith
Essex-street Works
Globe Works
Cambridge.
London.
- London.
Stockton-on-Tees.
Rochester, Kent,
21, Great George-street, Westminster London.
STONE BREAKING
NERY.
MACHI-
DUNSTON ENGINE WORks Co.
AND
STREET
SWEEPING
SCRAPING MACHINERY.
SMITH & SOns
cates
- Gateshead-on-Tyne.
Barnard Castle, Durham.
SUGAR MACHINERY.
MIRRLEES, TAIT, & WATSON
TAILORS' MACHINERY.
SANSON, R. B.
THRASHING
NERY.
Scotland-street Ironworks
· Glasgow.
87, Globe-road, Mile End-road
London.
MACHI-
FISON, J. P.-
Feversham Works
Cambridge.
D
36247.

50
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
AND
MACH I-
Ferguslie Thread Works
- Paisley.
THREAD WINDING
TICKETTING
NERY.
COATS, J. & P.
TOBACCO MACHINERY.
ANDREW, J. E. H.
TRACTION ENGINES.
AVELING & PORTER
WASHING AND IRONING MA-
CHINERY.
AIR BURNING CO., LIMITED
PULLINGER, C.
WEIGHING MACHINERY.
CLARKE & DUNHAM
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
WOOD WORKING
NERY.
ROBERTS, W.
Waterloo-road
Stockport.
Rochester, Kent.
118, Green-street
- Glasgow.
Selsey, near Chichester.
69, Mark-lane
Market-buildings, 28, Mark-lane
London.
London.
MACHI-
139, Derby-road
WOOL AND WORSTED WORK-
ING MACHINERY.
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN-
SMITH, J. & S.
2
- Bootle, near Liverpool.
Low Bridge Works
. Leeds.
- Keighley.
MAGIC LANTERN SLIDES.
MIDDLETON, T. J. -
YORK, F.
38, Little Queen-street, High Holborn London.
87, Lancaster-road, Notting-hill
London.
MALT.
PLUNKETT, J., & Co.
MANURES..
UNIVERSAL CHARCOAL & SEWAGE
COMPANY, LIMITED
MAPS, GLOBES, AND MAP EN
GRAVING.
BARTHOLOMEW, J.
BRITISH & FOREIGN BLIND As-
SOCIATION
PortlandWorks, Portland-street West Dublin.
5, High-street
Manchester.
Chambers-street
Edinburgh.ZAIB?
33, Cambridge-square, Hyde-park
London.

51
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
London.
Edinburgh.
- Southampton.
MAPS, GLOBES, AND MAP EN-
GRAVING—cont.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF
THE
UNITED KINGDOM (A, C. RAMSAY,
LL.D., F.R.S., Director-General) 28, Jermyn-street
JOHNSTON, W. & A. K.
ORDNANCE SURVEY OFFICE
RAVENSTEIN, E. G. -
WARD, M., & Co.
MARKING INK.
4, St. Andrew-square
10, Lower-road, Brixton
- London.
67, 88, Chandos-street, Strand
- London.
HICKISSON, M. A.
75, Southgate-road
London.
Prospect Villa, Sydenham Hill
Bristol.
Fairfield Works, Bow
London.
MARINE ENGINES.
HEWITT, W.
MATCHES.
BRYANT & MAY
MATHEMATICAL, SURVEYING,
MEASURING, AND OTHER
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS,
RULES, &C
ADAMS, W. M.
CASSELL, PETTER, & GALPIN
CLAY, R.
HICKS, J. J.
KIMPTON, T.
LYON, W.
WIER, M. A., & Co.
ZIMDARS, C. E.
MEAL.
HUNTER, J., & SON -
MEDALS AND DIE SINKING.
MORGAN, GEO.
WYON, J. S. & A. B.
ORTNER & HOULE -
MILITARY EQUIPMENT.
CLARKE, CAPTAIN E. P.
FIRMIN & SONS, LIMITED
HENRY, A. -
ነም
.:.
Arundel Club, Salisbury-street, Strand London.
La Belle Sauvage Yard, Ludgate-hill London.
58,Finborough-road, South Kensington, London.
8, Hatton-garden
2 and 3, Barnard's Inn, Holborn
1, Cowper's-court, Cornhill
6, Kirby-street, Hatton-garden
28, Red Lion-square
London.
. London.
- London.
London.
- London.
Wood Hall Mills, Juniper-green, near Edinburgh.
144, Finborough-road, West Bromp-
ton
287, Regent-street
3, St. James's street
6, Edward-street
155, Strand
12, South St. Andrew-street
23, Friar-street
95, Gracechurch-street
London.
- London.
- Landon.
Bath.
London.
Edinburgh.
Reading.
· London.
- Birmingham.
SOPER, W.
TURNER, G., & Co. -
WEBLEY, P., & SON
82, Weeman-street
MILLS, MILLSTONES,
AND
UTENSILS.
CLARKE & DUNHAM
69, Mark-lane
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
KAY & HILTON
28, Market-buildings, Mark-lane
Bankhall-bridge appo-
London.
London.
Liverpool.
D 2

52
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
MINING, QUARRYING, &c.
BAIRD, W., & Co.
HARDY PATENT PICK COMPANY,
LIMITED
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
HURD, F.
MACDERMOTT, M.
Gartsherrie Ironworks
**
Coatbridge, Scotland.
Mining Tool Works, Ecclesall-road- Sheffield.
43, Borough road, Southwark
Grove House
Scott's Chambers, 25 & 26, Pudding-
lane
. London.
- Walton, near Wakefield.
London.
MODELS.
BRADFORD, W. H. -
BRIERLEY, SONS, & REYNOLDS
CLARKE, CAPTAIN E. P.
CLARK, L., STANDFIELD, & Co.
FISON, J. P.
FRANCIS & Co.
"GRAPHIC," THE PROPRIETORS OF
THE
GREEN, E., & SON
GÜMPEL, C. G.
GWYNNE, J. & H.
HANDYSIDES STEEP GRADIENT CO.,
LIMITED
HEWITT, W.
INMAN STEAMSHIP CO., LIMITED
JOHNSTON STILL COMPANY, LIMI-
TED
KERR, E.
Great Saughall
81A, Edgware-road
6, Edward-street
near Chester.
London.
Bath.
- London.
6, Westminster Chambers, Victoria-
street
Feversham Works
Bridge Foot, Vauxhall
190, Strand
Economiser Works
49, Leicester-square -
Hammersmith
Cambridge.
. London.
London.
- Wakefield.
- London.
- London.
9, Victoria-chambers, Victoria-street London.
Prospect Villa, Sydenham Hill
22, Water-street
43, Dame-street
7,
- Bristol.
- Liverpool.
Dublin.
LOGAN, J. M.
MUNROE, W.
RAVENSTEIN, E. G.
ROBY, G., & Co.
SAXBY & FARMER
SIEMENS, C. W.
WALLACE & TUCKER
WELCH, A.-
ZOBEL, C. F. J.
MOULDS, MOULDINGS, &c.
ENGERT, A. C., & Co.
HIERONIMUS, W.
Merville-terrace, Gilford-place,
North Strand
Chesterton-road
High-street
10, Low-road, Brixton
31, King-street
Kilburn
12, Queen Anne's-gate
3, Antrim-place
Bank-buildings,
Cattle Market
139, Euston-road
Dublin.
Cambridge.
- Wick, Caithness, Scotland.
London.
- Wigan.
Metropolitan
London.
London.
- Belfast.
- London.
· London.
75, City-road
London.
53, City-road
London.
MUSEUMS, COLLECTIONS, AND
ART GALLERIES.
FETHERSTON, J. J. -
2, Coppinger's-row-
Dublin.

53
výšvėlės bėdojavené spoje govo
**
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
MUSEUMS, &c.—cont.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE UNITED
KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND
IRELAND, A. C. Ramsay, LL.D.,
F.R.S., Director-General
ORDNANCE SURVEY OFFICE, Major-
General Cameron, R.E., C.B.,
Director-General
SCIENCE AND ART DEPARTMENT,
28, Jermyn-street
Address of Exhibitor.
P. Cunliffe Owen, C.B., Director - South Kensington Museum
MUSIC AND MUSICAL IN-
STRUMENTS.
Augener, G., & Co.
BESSON, F.
BOOSEY & Co.
BRINSMEAD, J., & SONS
BROWNE, H. J.
HEAPS, J. K.
ROLA, V.
86, Newgate-street
198, Euston-road
295, Regent-street
18, Wigmore-street
237, 239, Euston-road
Folly Hall
22, Leinster-square, Bayswater
London.
- Southampton.
. London.
London.
- London.
London.
- London.
London.
- Holbeck, Leeds.
- London.
57, Victoria Park-road,South Hackney London.
3
SMITH, G.
MUSLINS.
BARLOW & JONES, LIMITED
JOHNSON, J., & FILDES
SWAINSON, BIRLEY, & Co.
NAILS, SPIKES, SCREWS, &c.
BAKER, C., & Sons
FRANCIS, T., & Co.
PATENT NUT & BOLT COMPANY,
LIMITED -
NATURAL HISTORY.
MURRAY, A.
WARD & Co.
WHEELER, E.
NEEDLES, NEEDLE CASES, &c.
ENGLISH, J, & Co.
EVANS, D.
HAYES, CROSSLEY, & Co.
HEATH, W.-
KIRBY BEARD, & Co.
MILWARD, H., & SONS
SMITH, J., & SON
SMITH, J. W.
SMITH & STARLEY
TURNER, R., & Co. -
WOODFIELD, W., & SONS
2, Portland-street
44, Spring-gardens
42, Cheapside
98, Lichfield-street
Liverpool-street
London Works
Manchester.
- Manchester.
- London.
- Birmingham.
Birmingham.
near Birmingham.
67, Bedford-gardens, Kensington
158, Piccadilly
48, Tollington-road, Holloway
Studley
153, Cheapside
Neveux Works, Crabb's Cross
18, Cannon-street.
Astwood Bank
121, Belgrave-gate
Trafalgar Works
Old Factory
Easemore Works
London,
- London.
- London.
Feckenham, near Redditch.
-Redditch.
- London.
· Redditch.
- London.
Redditch.
near Redditch.
Leicester.
- Coventry.
Redditch.
• Redditch.

54
lize
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
NEWSPAPERS.
DOWSON, SUTHERLAND, & Co.
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS,
EDITOR OF
PALMER, S.
OAKUM.
12, Fetter-lane
London.
198, Strand
London.
Park House, Grove-street, South
Hackney
London.
LIVERPOOL SPUN OAKUM COM-
PANY
9, North John-street
- Liverpool.
OATMEAL.
MCCANN, J.
OILS, OIL CAKE.
ALLEN & HANBURY'S
CRAIG & ROSE
PRICE'S
PANY
Beamond Mills
Drogheda, Ireland.
Plough-court, Lombard-street
Caledonian Works
- London.
- Edinburgh.
PATENT CANDLE COM-
Belmont Works, Battersea
· London.
..

OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS, MI-
CROSCOPES, AND
TOYS.
BECK, R. & J.
CROUCH, H.
DALLMEYER, J. H. -
NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA
Ross & Co.
SWIFT, J.
WHEELER, E.
PAINT BRUSHES.
BOWMAN, C.
CULMER, W., & SONS
OPTICAL
PAPER AND MATERIALS FOR
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER,
STATIONERY.
DUDGEON, A.
FLETCHER, R., & SON
FORD WORKS COMPANY, LIMITED
HARRINGTON, J., & Co.
JEFFREY & Co.
JOHNSON, J., & Co.
PIRIE, A., & SONS
SANDS BROTHERS & Co.
WARD, M., & Co.
WATERSTON, G., & SONS
31, Cornhill
66, Barbican
19, Bloomsbury-street
Holborn Viaduct
London.
London.
London.
London.
London.
43, University-street, Tottenham
Court-road
London.
48, Tollington-road, Holloway
· London.
7, Wigmore-street
6, King-street, Tower-hill
Hornsey-road
London.
London.
22, Great George-street, Westminster London.
Kersley Works
Union Works
64, Essex-road. Islington
Stoneclough, nr. Manchester.
- Ford, near Sunderland,
Durham.
- Ryde, Isle of Wight,
- London.
Charterhouse Works, Sycamore-street London.
Stoneywood Works
Salford Chemical Works
67, 68, Chandos-street, Strand
56, Hanover-street
Aberdeen.
Manchester.
London.
- Edinburgh.

55
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
PARAFFIN, PETROLEUM, &c.
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE COM-
PANY
Address of Exhibitor.
Belmont Works, Battersea
- London.
PATENT AND PEAT FUEL.
DIXON, F.
DUDGEON, A.
MARRIOTT, ELIZABETH
PENS, PENHOLDERS, PENCILS,
AND PENCIL CASES.
HINKS, WELLS, & Co.
PERAMBULATORS.
THOMPSON, C,
PERFUMERY AND
REQUISITES.
ATKINSON, J. & E...
CROWN PERFUMERY Co.
ELRICK, C. G.
KENT, G. B., & Co.
Low, SON, & HAYDON
PERKS, S.
TOILET
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLe Co.
RIMMEL, E. -
THIELLAY, E. H.
PHOTOGRAPHS.
BARNARD, JOHN
BAUM, F.
BEAU, A.
BEAUFORD & BRUCE
BEDFORD, W.
BOOL, A. & J.
BROWNRIGG, T. M.
CAMERON, J. M., Mrs.
Cooper, Geo., and Co.
CRAWSHAY, ROBERT
DALLAS, D. C.
DALLMEYER, J. H.
ENGLAND, W.
FOGERTY, W.
FRADELLE & MARSHALI.
GODBOLD, H. J.
HAIG, E. M.
HALL, H. E.
HANSON, W.
HEATH, V.
20, Charterhouse-square
London.
22, Great George-street, Westminster London.
15, Oldfield-road, Stoke Newington - London.
Buckingham-street Works -
- Birmingham.
33, Newington Butts
24, Old Bond street
40, Strand
8, Aldermanbury Postern
11, Great Marlborough-street
148, Strand
High-street
Belmont Works, Battersea
96, Strand
Charing Cross Hotel
5, St. Mary's Buildings
St. Ann's-square
283, Regent-street
2, Nuns Island
326, Camden-road
86, Warwick-street, Pimlico
32, Lower Leeson-street
Elm Tree House, Aulaby-road
Cyfarthfa Castle, Merthyr Tydfil
362, Gray's Inn-road
19, Bloomsbury-street
7, St. James'-square, Notting-hill
23, Harcourt-street
230, Regent-street
Grand Parade
203, Regent-street
44, Kingsland-park
Great George-street -
43, Piccadilly
London.
London,
. London.
- London.
- London.
London.
- Hitchin, Herts.
· London.
- London.
London.
- Bedford.
Manchester.
- London.
- Galway, Ireland.
London, nachde
- London.
- Dublin.
Freshwater, Isle of Wight.
- Hull.
· Glamorganshire.
· London.
London.
London.
- Dublin.
- London.
St. Leonards-on-Sea,
London,
- Dublin.
- Leeds.
- London.

56
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
PHOTOGRAPHS-cont.
HEDGES, D.
HENDERSON, A. L.
HUDSON, F.
JENNINGS, P.
KERR, E.
LEE & Co. -
LEMERE, B.
LONDON STEREOSCOPIC & PHOTO-
GRAPHIC Co.
MANSELL, W. A., & Co.
NORMAN, C.
ROBINSON & CHERRILL
Ross & Co.
SLINGSBY, R.
TYPOGRAPHIC ETCHING Co.
WILSON, G. W., & Co.
YORK, F.
PINS, HAIR PINS, HOOKS AND
EYES, &c.
COOKE, BROS.
ENGLISH, J., & Co.
HAYES, CROSSLEY, & Co.
KIRBY, BEARD, & Co.
TAYLER, D. F., & Co.
PIPES, TOBACCO (CLAY).
7, Queen-street
49, King William-street, City
1, Regent-parade
1, Belgrave-place, Belgrave-square
7, Merville-terrace,
North Strand
9, Crockherbtown
147, Strand
- Lytham, Lancashire.
- London.
- Ventnor, Isle of Wight.
Rathmines, Dublin.
Gilford-place,
110 and 108, Regent-street
2, Percy-street
Graphic Villa
The New Public Buildings
7, Wigmore-street, Cavendish-sq.
168, High-street
23, Farringdon-street
24, Crown-street
87, Lancaster-road, Notting-hill
65a, Constitution-hill
153, Cheapside
18, Cannon-street
New Hall Works
Dublin.
- Cardiff, Wales.
London
- London.
- London.
- Tunbridge Wells, Kent.
- Tunbridge Wells, Sussex.
London.
Lincoln.
London.
· Aberdeen,
London.
Birmingham.

Feckenhain, near Redditch.
- London.
- London.
Birmingham.
DAVIDSON, T., JUN., & Co.
33 and 41, Garngad-hill
- Glasgow.
PISCICULTURE.
39, Bloomsbury-street
- London.
HOARE, J.
PLANTS, GRASS, AND FLOWER
SEEDS.
SUTTON & SONS
VEITCH, J. & SONS
WATERER, ANTHONY
WILLIAMS, B. S.
Royal Berkshire Seed Establishment, Reading.
Royal Nursery, King's road, Chelsea, London.
Knap-hill Nursery, Woking
Surrey.
Victoria and Paradise Nurseries,
Upper Holloway
London.
PLATINUM, PALLADIUM, AND
OTHER RARE METALS.
JOHNSON, MATTHEY, & Co.
PLAYING CARDS.
GOODALL, C., & SON
PLOUGHS.
FISON, J. P.
78, Hatton-garden
London.
24, Great College-street, Camden Town London.
Feversham Works
Cambridge.

57
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
PNEUMATIC APPARATUS, &c.
BOYLE, ROBERT M., & SON
WIER, M. A.
ZIMDARS, C. E.
POLISHING POWDERS, PASTES,
&C.
OAKEY, J., & SONS
STAR PLATE AND UNIVERSAL POLISH-
ING POWDER COMPANY
POPLINS.
PIM BROTHERS & Co.
PRESERVED PROVISIONS AND
CONSERVES.
ALLEN, F., & SONS
BALL, J.
CHAPMAN, E., & Co.
CLIFF, J.
CROSSE & BLACKWELL
GEYELIN & Co.
HOOKER, J.
LEDGER, H., & Co.
NICOLL, D.
PATCHITT, E. C.
SCHNEIDER, E. A.
STEVENS, T.
PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS
IN FEEDING
MACHINES.
SAINTY, J. & B.
100, Mitchell-street -
33, Abchurch-lane
28, Red Lion-square
Address of Exhibitor.
Glasgow.
London.
- London.
Wellington Works,
Bridge-road
Westminster
London.
London.
Gracechurch-street
22, William-street
Canal-road, Mile End-road
- Dublin.
London.
London.
12, Duke-street, Grosvenor-square- London.
10, Duke-street, Portland-place
5, Dungeon-street
Soho-square-
Belgrave House, Argyle-square
104, Upper Thames-street
61, 63, Lant-street, Borough
15, Clement's Inn
Ilkeston-road
4. Cambria-villas, Chesterton-road
46, Hope-street
THRESHING
Alpha Works
- Halifax.
- London.
- London.
- London.
- London.
London.
- Nottingham.
Cambridge.
༞
Wrexham, Wales.
Wisbeach, Cambridgeshire.
PRINTING.
AUGENER, G., & Co.
BRADBURY, AGNEW, & Co.
BRITISH AND FOREIGN BLIND Asso-
CIATION
DICKINSON & HIGHAM
DOWSON, SUTHERLAND & Co., LIMI-
TED
GOODALL, C., & SON
86, Newgate-street
Bouverie-street
33, Cambridge-square, Hyde Park
73, Farringdon-street
12, Fetter-lane
24, Great College-street, Camden
Town
· London.
London.
London.
- London.
London.
. London.
...
London.
198, Strand
London.
3, Castle-street, Holborn
London.
JOHNSON, J. M., & SONS, LIMI-
TED
3, Castle-street, Holborn
London.
NORTON & SHAW
7, Garrick-street
London.
"GRAPHIC," THE PROPRIETORS
OF THE
ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS
JOHNSON, Edmund -
190, Strand

58
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
PRINTING cont.
PALMER, S.
PRICE & Co.
SUNDAY SCHOOL UNION
WARD & Co., MARCUS
PRINTING TYPES, LOGOTYPES,
AND MACHINERY, STAMPS, &c.
BEATTY, F. S.
BOWMAN, C.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
LILLY, J., & Co.
SHAW, W.-
STEPHENSON, BLAKE, & Co.
TOMLINE COLONEL
WALTER, J., M.P.
PULLEY BLOCKS.
LACEY, R. G.
PICKERING, J.
WETHERED, E. R.
PULVERIZING MACHINE.
KIMBERLEY, N. G.
PUMPS AND
GINES.
PUMPING
EN
Park House, Grove-street, South
Hackney
36, Great Russell-street
56, Old Bailey
London.
- Bloomsbury. -
- London.
67, 68, Chandos-street, Strand
- London.
5, Aston's-quay
6, King-street, Tower-hill
Albion Mills
- Dublin.
- London.
- Leeds.
172, St. John's-street, Clerkenwell - London.
3, Sheldon-street, Bayswater
Carlton-terrace
- London.
. Sheffield.
- London.
"Times'
square
>>
Office, Printing House-
London.
Coast Guard Station
Globe Works
- Leigh, Essex.
Stockton-on-Tees.
Woolwich, Kent.

11, Great St. Helen's
London.
ADAIR & Co.
GWYNNE, J. & H.
GWYNNE & Co.
HAYNES, T., & SONS
KERR, E.
PICKERING, J.
ww
PUNCHING AND
SHEARING
MACHINERY.
:
BEESLEY & SONS
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
QUILLS AND QUILL PENS.
STEPHENS, H. C.
QUILTS, QUILTINGS, &c.
PEARSON, T., & SON
RAILS, RAILWAY PLANT, CAR-
RIAGES, SIGNALS, &c.
BRIERLEY, SONS, & REYNOLDS
PATENT NUT & BOLT CO., LIMITED
Neptune-street
Hammersmith
Essex-street Works
229, Edgware-road -
7, Merville-terrace,
North Strand
Globe Works
Gilford-place,
Liverpool.
London.
. London.
London.
Dublin.
Stockton-on-Tees.
Abbey-road Boiler Works
171, Aldersgate-street
54, Church-street
· Barrow-in-Furness.
- Leeds.
London.
Manchester.
81A, Edgware-road
London Works
London.
near Birmingham.
*
.:

59
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
RAILS, RAILWAY PLANT, &c.
-cont.
SAXBY & FARMER
SEATON, W.
WELCH, ALFRED
沙
​Address of Exhibitor.
Canterbury-road, Kilburn
19, Salisbury-street, Strand -
Bank-buildings, Metropolitan
11,
Cattle Market
London.
- London.
London.
WEST CUMBERLAND IRON & STEEL
Co., LIMITED
WILLIAMS, R. P.
ZIMDARS, C. E.
Workington, Cumberland.
9, Great George-street, Westminster - London.
28, Red Lion-square
London.
REFRIGERATORS
AND
ICE
SAFES.
LAWRENCE & Co.
STIFF, J., & SONS
ROBY, G.
ROCK DRILLING MACHINE.
HOLMES, PAYTON, & TAYLOR
SADDLERY AND HARNESS.
HAWKINS BROS. (late J. HALE
& Co.)
HUDSON, S.-
POLLOCK, SYDNEY
SWAINE & ADENEY
SALT.
CORBETT, J., M.P.
-
22, St. Mary Axe
High-street, Lambeth
31, King-street
43, Borough road, Southwark
Hatherton Works
65, Dawson-street
72, Lancaster-road, Notting-hill
185, Piccadilly
Stoke Prior Salt Works
- London.
London.
- Wigan.
London.
- Walsall.
- Dublin.
London.
London.
Worcestershire.
West Liverpool.
:
HIGGINS, T., & Co. -
SANITARY APPARATUS,
SANITARY
POTTERY,
WATER CLOSETS, &c.
BATES, WALKER, & Co.
BROWNE, WESTHEAD, MOORE, &
Co.
DEAN, H.
GREENWAY, H.
HOLLAND, W. T.
Jennings, GEORGE
LINDSAY & ANDERSON
STIFF, J., & SONS
ZIMDARS, C. E.
SCREW CUTTING MACHINE.
HEAP, J., & Co., LIMITED
SCREW PROPELLERS AND FIT-
TINGS.
HEWITT, W..
VANSITTART, HENRIETTA
33, Tower-buildings -
Dale Hall Works
B. Burslem.
Cauldon-place, Staffordshire Potteries.
Southam
Ham-street
Palace Wharf, Stangate
Lilliehill Works
High-street, Lambeth
28, Red Lion-square
Lees-treet
Rugby, Warwickshire.
Plymouth.
Llanelly, South Wales.
London.
- Dunfermline, Scotland.
London.
London.
Oldham.
Prospect Villa, Sydenham Hill
2, Montpelier-row
Bristol.
Twickenham, Middlesex.

60
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
SEWAGE,
TREATMENT
AND
Address of Exhibitor.
PRODUCTS.
UNIVERSAL CHARCOAL & SEWAGE
COMPANY, LIMITED
SEWING MACHINES.
GREENWOOD & BATLEY
KIMBALL & MORTON
SMITH & STARLEY
WILSON, NEWTON, & Co.
SHEEP AND GARDEN SHEARS.
WILKINSON, W., & SONS
SHIP MODELS, SIGNALS,
SHEATHING, MACHINERY,
IRON WORK, &c.
GÜMPEL, C. G.
5, High-street
Albion Works
80, Bishop-street
Trafalgar Works
144, High Holborn
Spring Works
49, Leicester-square
Manchester.
Leeds.
Anderston, Glasgow.
- Coventry.
London.
- Grimesthorpe, Sheffield.
- London.
Bristol.
HEWITT, W.
HILL & CLARK
INMAN STEAMSHIP CO., LIMITED
LACEY, R.
SAINTY, J. & B.
TUCKER & WALLACE
TURNER, C.
VANSITTART, HENRIETTA
ZIMDARS, C. E.
SILK MACHINERY.
STEVENS, T.
SILK, RAW, YARN, SEWING
SILK, CORD, &c.
ADAMS & Co.
CLAYTON, MARSDENS,
& Co., LIMITED
MILNER, W., & SONS
RICKARDS, C, A.
WARD, A., & Co.
Prospect Vilia, Sydenham Hill
6, Westminster Chambers, Victoria-
street
22, Water-street
Coast Guard Station
Alpha Works
3, Antrim-place
'3, Bugle-street
2, Montpelier-row
28, Red Lion-square
20, Warwick-lane
5, New-street, Bishopsgate-street
HOLDEN,
SILKS AND VELVETS, MIXED
GOODS, SILK LACE, SHAWLS,
&C.
BRIGG, J. F., & Co.
FARMER & ROGERS
FRENCH & Co.
HILDITCH, G. & J. B.
HUMBERT, H.
NORRIS & Co.
Wellington Mills
Union-street
Bell Busk Mills
Albion Mills
171, 173, 175, Regent-street
St. Mary's Mills
11 and 12, Cheapside
30, Barbican
124, Wood-street
纳
​London.
- Liverpool.
Leigh, Essex.
Wisbeach, Cambridgeshire.
- Belfast.
- Southampton.
- Twickenham, Middlesex.
- London.
London; and Coventry.
· London.
. Halifax.
- Leek, Staffordshire.
near Leeds.
- Leek, Staffordshire.
Huddersfield.
London.
Norwich.
London.
- London.
London.

61
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
SILKS, VELVETS, &c.-cont.
PIM BROTHERS & Co.
SHELDON & FENTON
STEVENS, T.
WELCH, MARGETSON, & Co.
WILD, J.
SKINS, FURS, AND LEATHER,
LEATHER GOODS.
ANGUS, G., & Co.
BENNETT, T., & SON
BUSSEY, G. G., & Co.
EDINBURGH
WESTERN TANNING
Co., LIMITED
HARRINGTON, J., & Co.
HOE, R., & Sons
HOOPER, CLEEVE, JUNIOR
HOOPER, CLEEVE, W., & SONS
MARLING & Co.
PUCKRIDGE, F., & NEPHEW
PULLMAN, R. & J.
WARD, MARCUS, & Co.
WILSON, WALKER, & Co.
SLATE
AND
22, William-street
Address of Exhibitor.
12, King-street, Cheapside
20, Warwick-lane
16, 17, Cheapside
Greenfield Mill
10, Thomas-street
- Dublin.
- London.
- London; and Coventry.
- London.
- Shaw, near Oldham.
Liverpool.
70, Turnmill-street, Farringdon-road London.
Museum Works, Rye-lane, Peckham London.
135, West Port
Union Works
44, Leadenhall-street
Edinburgh.
- Ryde, Isle of Wight.
London.
6, 7, 8, New Weston-street, Bermond-
sey
51, Weston-street, Bermondsey
Ebley and Stanley Mills
530, 534, Kingsland-road
17, Greek-street, Soho
67, 68. Chandos-street, Strand
Sheepscar Works
London.
- London.
Stroud, Gloucester.
- London.
- London,
- London.
Leeds.
*
ENAMELLED
SLATE.
CWMORTHIN SLATE
COMPANY,
LIMITED
PEN-YR-ORSEDD SLATE
SLATE QUARRY
酪
​COMPANY, LIMITED
SMALL WARES, SUCH AS BUT-
TONS,
STUDS,
BUCKLES, CLASPS,
AND EYES.
LINKS,
HOOKS
#
Portmadoc, North Wales.
Carnarvon, North Wales.
BAKER, C., & SONS
FENTON, J.
SMITH, J., & SON
TAYLER, D. F., & Co.
SOAP.
ATKINSON, J. & E. -
COHNÉ, S.
FIELD, J. C. & J.
Low, Son, & HAYDON
MARRISON, R. D.
PEARS, A. & F.
PRICE'S PATENT
PANY
RIMMEL, E.
CANDLE COM-
98, Lichfield-street
74, Great Hampton-street
Astwood Bank
New Hall Works
24, Old Bond-street
13, Sise-lane
Lambeth Marsh
148, Strand
Great Orford-street
91, Great Russell-street
Belmont Works, Battersea
96, Strand -
Birmingham.
Birmingham.
near Redditch.
Birmingham.
London.
London.
London.
· London.
Norwich.
London.
London.
- London.

62
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
Address of Exhibitor.
SPINNING
MACHINERY AND
ACCESSORIES.
AMBLER, W.
BOOTH, H., & Co.
FAIRBAIRN, KENNEDY, & NAY
LOR
#
HOWARD & BULLOUGH
LAWSON, S., & SONS
SMITH, J. & S.
17, Elizabeth-street
Edward-street
Globe Works
Hope Foundry
Low Bridge Works -
Bradford.
Preston.
Leeds.
· Accrington, Lancashire.
Leeds.
- Keighley.
THREAD-
SPOOLING
AND
WINDING MACHINE.
COATS, J. & P.
SPRINGS.
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLISON,
& Co.
STARCH, STARCH PRODUCTS,
AND FIREPROOF STARCH.
NICOLL, D.
STEAM CRANES AND HOISTS.
APPLEBY BROTHERS
AVELING & PORTER
STEAM ENGINE AND OTHER
BOILERS AND GENERATORS.
BRECHIN, J. B.
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
GALLOWAY, W. & J., & SONS
GRAHAM & Co.
STEAM ENGINE
Carlisle Works
15, Clements Inn
- Paisley.
Sheffield.
London.
Emerson-street, Southwark
London.
Rochester, Kent.
45, Commercial-street
Knott Mill Ironworks
Dundee.
- Colchester, Essex.
Manchester.
Premier Boiler Works, Premier-road Halifax.
FITTINGS,
FORGINGS, &c.
COHNÉ, S.
DENNIS, T. H. P., & Co.
MONCRIEFF, J.
PHOSPHOR BRONZE CO., LIMITED
TURNER, C.
WIER, M. A.
STEAM
ENGINES,
LOCOMO-
TIVES, AND TRACTION EN-
GINES.
AVELING & PORTER
DAVEY, PAXMAN, & Co.
GREEN, E., & SON
MOY, THOMAS
RANSOMES, SIMS, & HEAD
13, Sise-lane
Anchor Ironworks
North British Glass Works
139, Cannon-street
3, Bugle-street
33, Abchurch-lane
www
London.
Chelmsford, Essex.
Perth, Scotland.
London.
- Southampton.
London.
Economiser Works -
37, Farringdon-street
Orwell Works
Rochester, Kent,
Colchester, Essex.
Wakefield,
London.
Ipswich.

63
滚
​Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
STEAM
HAMMERS, STAMPS,
AND STRIKERS.
MASSEY, B. & S.
Openshaw
Address of Exhibitor.
Manchester.
STEAM PUMPS, AND INJEC-
TORS.
FISON, J. P.
GWYNNE, J. & H.
GWYNNE & Co.
PICKERING, J.
STEAM ROAD ROLLERS.
AVELING & PORTER
STEEL.
BROWN & Co., JOHN, LIMITED
CAMMELL, C., & Co., LIMITED
GREAT WESTERN IRON Co., LIMI-
TED
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLISON,
& Co.
JESSOP, W., & SONS, LIMITED
SIEMENS, C. W.
WEST CUMBERLAND IRON & STEEL
CO., LIMITED
STEEL RAILS, TYRES, CAST-
INGS, FORGINGS, SPINDLES,
SHUTTERS, AND
GOODS.
OTHER
Feversham Works
Hammersmith
Essex-street Works
Globe Works
Atlas Works
Cyclops Works
Soudley
Carlisle Works
Park and Brightside Works -
12, Queen Anne's-gate
GREAT WESTERN IRON CO., LIMITED Soudley
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLISON,
& Co.
HOUGHTON, W. D.
WARD & PAYNE
STOKERS (MECHANICAL).
SMITH, DILLWYN
STONE DRESSING MACHINES,
STONE BREAKING MA-
CHINES.
DUNSTON ENGINE WORKS COM-
PANY
SHEARER, H.
STONE, STONEWARE, MARBLE
WORK, &c.
BESSBROOK GRANITE WORKS
Carlisle Works
Friars Green Mill
West-street
153, Duke-street
Cambridge.
London.
- London.
Stockton-on-Tees.
Rochester, Kent.
Sheffield.
- Sheffield.
Newnham.
Sheffield.
- Sheffield.
- London.
Workington, Cumberland.
Newnham.
Sheffield.
- Warrington.
Sheffield.
IDAI DUIGA 090
- Liverpool. 98
Gateshead-on-Tyne.
21, Great George-street, Westminster- London.
Field House
BROOKE, E., & SONS
BROWNFIELD, W., & SON
CAMPBELL, HUGH, & SON
DEAN, H.
DOOLIN, WALTER
23, Westland-row
Newry Granite Polishing Works,
Moor Quarries
Bessbrook, Ireland.
Huddersfield.
Cobridge, Staffordshire.
Newry.
Southam, Rugby.
- Dublin.

64
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
STONE, STONEWARE, &c¡—cont.
DOULTON, H., & Co.
DOULTON & WATTS
GREAT NORTH OF SCOTLAND GRA-
NITE CO., LIMITED
HUNTER, J.
LINDLEY, R. C.
MACDONALD, A., FIELD, & Co.
PRICE, J. & C., & BROTHERS
SHEARER, SMITH, & Co.
STIFF, J., & SONS
STOVES, RANGES, AND GRATES,
FENDERS, AND FIRE-IRONS.
BARNARD, BISHOP, AND BARNARDS
CLOUGH, S. W.
DOULTON & Co.
FEETHAM, M., & Co.
GREGORY, J.
HEAPS & WHEATLEY
KERR, E.
PERKINS, A. M., & SONS
Address of Exhibitor.
63, High-street, Lambeth
Lambeth Pottery, Lambeth
209, King-street
Aberdeen Granite Works
69, Victoria-street
21, Great George-street
High-street, Lambeth
Norfolk Ironworks
Stanningley -
48, High-street, Lambeth
9, Clifford-street
South Park
London.
London.
Peterhead, Scotland.
Aberdeen.
- Mansfield, Nottingham.
Aberdeen.
- Bristol.
· London.
London.
Norwich.
near Leeds.
London.
- London.
- Lincoln.
- Brotherton,
Normanton,
Yorkshire.
Dublin.
London.
- London.
SMART, T. W.
STEEL & GARLAND
THORNTON, E.
STRAW PLAIT AND FINISHED
84, Talbot-street
Seaford-street, Regent's-square, Gray's
Inn-road
Queens-road, Buckhurst Hill
Wharncliffe Works
12, Richmond-road
Sheffield.
· Bradford.
ARTICLES.
HUMBERT, H.
30, Barbican
STREET SWEEPING
AND
SCRAPING MACHINE.
SMITH, W., & SONS
SUGAR MACHINERY.
MIRRLEES, TAIT, & WATSON
SURGICAL AND MEDICAL IN-
STRUMENTS AND APPLI-
ANCES.
Glasgow APOTHECARIES Co.
1
London.
Barnard Castle, Durham.
Scotland-street Ironworks
Glasgow.
34, Virginia-street
- Glasgow.
HAYWOOD, J. S.
LANG, J. & J.
LEE, R. J., DR.
LYNCH & Co.
MAYER & MELTZER
PULVERMACHER, I. L.
REIN, F. C., MRS. -
REIN, F. C., & SON
Castle Gate -
13, Charterhouse-buildings, Alders-
gate street-
4, Savile-row
171A, Aldersgate-street
71, Great Portland-street
194, Regent-street
108, Strand
108, Strand
- Nottingham.
- London.
London.
London.
London.
London.
London.
London.

65
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
TABLE FOUNTAINS.
STORER, J.
TAILORS' MACHINERY.
SANSON, R. B.
TANNING MATERIAL.
HOOPER, CLEEVE, W., & SONS
SANDS Bros. & Co.
TAPESTRY.
HALL, T.
TELEGRAPHIC
INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA,
Address of Exhibitor.
Stamford Brook, Hammersmith
Middlesex.
87, Globe-road, Mile End-road
51, Weston-street, Bermondsey
Salford Chemical Works
London.
- London.
. Manchester.
- Edinburgh.
8, George-street
APPARATUS
AND MATERIALS.
AND TELEGRAPH WORKS Co.,
LIMITED
100, Cannon-street -
London.
12, Queen Anne's-gate
London.
38, Old Broad-street
33, Abchurch-lane
London.
SIEMENS BROTHERS
TELEGRAPHIC CONSTRUCTION AND
MAINTENANce Co.
WIER, M. A.
TERRA-COTTA WORK.
BROOKE, E., & SONS
DOULTON, H., & Co.
HOLLAND, W. T.
JENNINGS, G.
JOHNSON & Co.
LINDSAY & ANDERSON
MATTHEWS, J.
MAW & Co.
REYNOLDS, J. G.
STIFF, J., & SONS
TINWORTH, G.
WATCOMBE TERRA - COTTA Co.,
LIMITED
WOOD & IVERY
THRASHING MACHINES.
FISON, J. P.
TICKETTING MACHINE.
COATS, J. & P. RE
TILES, ENCAUSTIC,
OTHERS.
BROWNHILLS POTTERY Co.
AND
CAMPBELL BRICK & TILE COM-
PANY -
COLTHURST, SYMONDS, & Co.
Cox & SONS
CRAVEN, DUNNILL, & Co., LI-
MITED
36247.
Field House -
63, High-street, Lambeth
Palace Wharf, Stangate
Ditchling Potteries
Lilliehill Works
Royal Pottery
Benthall Works
9, Old Ford-road
High-street, Lambeth
122, Hill-street, Walworth
Albion Brick Works
Feversham Works
Ferguslie Thread Works
London.
Huddersfield.
London.
Llanelly, South Wales.
London.
- Sussex.
- Dunfermline, Scotland.
Weston-super-Mare, Somer-
setshire.
Broseley, Shropshire.
London.
London.
London.
Torquay, South Devon.
West Bromwich, Stafford-
shire.
Cambridge.
Paisley.
Tunstall, Staffordshire.
Stoke-on-Trent.
Bridgwater, Somerset.
28, 29, 31, Southampton-street, Strand London.
Jackfield Works
near Ironbridge, Salop.
E

66
9%
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
TILES, ENCAUSTIC, &c.—cont.
EASTWOOD & Co., LIMITED
GIBBS & MOORE
HOLLAND, W. T.
JOHNSON & Co.
MATTHEWS, E.
MAW & Co.
MINTON, HOLLINS, & Co.
MINTON'S CHINA WORKS
STANLEY BROTHERS
STIFF, J., & SONS
TIN, B
FOIL.
AND
TERNE
PLATES, TIN WORK, TIN
ASH & LACY
Address of Exhibitor.

Wellington, Wharf, Belvedere-road,
Lambeth
89, Southampton-row
Ditchling Potteries
377, Oxford-street
Benthall Works
Midland Tile Works
High-street, Lambeth
London.
- London.
- Llanelly, North Wales.
Sussex.
London.
- Broseley, Salop.
- Stoke-on-Trent.
- Stoke-on-Trent.
Nuneaton, Warwickshire.
London.
BALDWIN, E. P. & W.
GOVERNOR & COMPANY OF COPPER
MINERS IN ENGLAND
MOREWOOD, E., & Co.
NASH, H., & Co.
SWANSEA TIN PLATE CO.
HATTON, SONS, & Co.
TISSUE PAPER.
Meriden-street
Wilden Works
Cwm Avon Works
Coleridge House
Birmingham.
near Stourport, Worcestershire.
12 and 14, Tower-buildings North,
Water-street
Swansea Tin Plate Works
Broadwater Works -
- Taibach, Glamorganshire,
South Wales.
Swansea.
- Liverpool.
Swansea.
- Kidderminster.
FLETCHER, R., & SONS
Kersley Works
TOBACCO MACHINERY.
ANDREW, J. E. H. -
Waterloo-road
TOOLS, EDGE
TOOLS, AND
OTHERS.
ADDIS, J. B., & SONS
Arctic Works
BAKER, W.-
10, Pembroke-street, Bingfield-street,
Caledonian-road.
BECK, R. & J.
31, Cornhill -
BROOKS & COOPER
Mousehole Forge
Stoneclough,nr. Manchester.
Stockport, Cheshire.
Sheffield.
FUSSELL, J., SONS, & Co.
HARDY PATENT PICK COMPANY,
LIMITED -
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLISON,
& Co.
HEAP, J., & Co., LIMITED
BRONZE
London.
Sheffield.
Frome, Somerset.
Mining Tool Works, Ecclesall-road - Sheffield.
Carlisle Works
Lee-street
COMPANY,
139, Cannon-street
West-street
Sheffield.
- Oldham.
PHOSPHOR
LIMITED
PULLINGER, C.
WARD & PAYNEY
WILLS, A. W.
Land Job Park Mills
WOODFIELD, W., & SONS
WRIGHT, P., & SONS
Easemore Works
Constitution Hill Works
London,armatur
Selsey,nearChichester,Sussex.
Sheffield.
Nechells, Birmingham.
· Redditch.
Dudley, Worcestershire.
""

67
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
TRAVELLING
TRUNKS, &c.
ARTICLES,
BLISS, W., & SONS -
BUSSEY, G. G., & Co.
HEPWORTH, B., & SON
HOE, R., & SONS
TUBES, TUBE EXPANDERS
AND SCRAPER.
BROOKS, H., &. Co.
Address of Exhibitor.
Chipping Norton, Oxford-
86400 shire.
Museum Works, Rye-lane, Peckham London.
New Wakefield Mill-
44, Leadenhall-street
Dewsbury, Yorkshire.
- London.
31, Cumberland-market
London.
CLAY, K.
58, Finborough-road, South Kensing-
ton
**
London.
PHOSPHOR
LIMITED
BRONZE COMPANY,
139, Cannon-street
London.
22-
*
UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS.
DAVIS & WILSON
MARTIN, W. H.
SANGSTER & Co.
SWAINE & ADENEY
VARNISHES.
ADAMS, J.
MACKAY, J.
ROWNEY, G., & Co.
TURNER, C., & SON
WILLIAMS, M.
VICES, ANVILS, &c.
BROOKS & COOPER
WRIGHT, P., & SONS
WASHING AND IRONING MA-
CHINES AND FLUIDS.
AIR BURNING COMPANY, LIMITED
PULLINGER, C.
WATER SUDDY
WATER SUPPLY, APPARATUS
AND FITTINGS, WATER
BOILING APPARATUS,
WATER METERS.
DENNIS, T. H. P., & Co.
GRAHAM & Co.
HEAPS & WHEATLEY
KIMPTON, T.
STOCKMAN, B. P., C.E.
THORNTON, E.
WIER, M. A.
WRIGHT, W.
ZIMDARS, C. E.
Sun-street, West
64 and 65, Burlington Arcade, Pic-
cadilly
140, Regent-street
185, Piccadilly
Victoria Park
119, George-street
52, Rathbone-place
7, Broad-street, Bloomsbury
Britannia Varnish Works
Mousehole Forge
Constitution Hill Works
118, Green-street
Anchor Ironworks
Akius
Birmingham.
London.
London.
London.
Sheffield.
Edinburgh.
London.
London.
- Wigan.

Sheffield.
. Dudley.
Glasgow.
Selsey, near Chichester,
Sussex.
Chelmsford.
Premier Boiler Works, Premier-road Halifax.
2 and 3, Barnard's Inn, Holborn
3, Poets' Corner
12, Richmond-road
33, Abchurch-lane
Vulcan Foundry
28, Red Lion-square
Brotherton,
Normanton,
Yorkshire.

London.
Westminster Abbey.
Bradford.
London.
Coatbridge, Scotland.
London.
E 2
68
N
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
WATERPROOF ARTICLES.
TURNER, G., & Co.
WELLOCK, J., & Co.
WAX AND WAX CANDLES,
SEALING WAX.
BLACKWOOD, J., & Co.
FIELD, J. C., & J.
LOVEY, E.
LYONS, W. -
STEPHENS, H. C.
Address of Exhibitor.
94, Gracechurch-street
62 and 64, Broom-street
18, Bread-street-hill-
Lambeth Marsh
London.
- Bradford.
. London.
- London.
Park-street
171, Aldersgate-street
56, Hanover-street
Ponsnooth, Perran-ar-wor-
thal, Cornwall.
- Manchester.
- London.
- Edinburgh.
WATERSTON, G., & SON
WEIGHTS AND
MACHINES.
CLARKE & DUNHAM
- London.
WEIGHING
69, Mark-lane
28, Market-buildings, Mark-lane
- London.
Great Bentley
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
WHEAT.
DELF, CAPTAIN
WHEEL CLEANING M A-
CHINE.
AMBLER, W.
WHIPS AND WALKING
STICKS.
DAVIS & WILSON
MARTIN, W. H.
SWAINE & ADENEY
WINES, SPIRITS, CIDER,
PERRY, &c.
BERNARD & Co.
BURKE, E. & J.
CORK DISTILLERIES Co.
GOODALL, BACKHOUSE, & Co.
GRANT, T.
JOHNSON
MITED
MOTT & Co.
STILL COMPANY, LI-
MUIR, JAMES, & SON
PENDOCK BROTHERS
RICHARDSON, EARP, & SLATER
WIRE AND WIREWORK.
BROWN, J. B., & Co.
CORCORAN, WITT, & Co.
EDGE & SONS
GREENING, N., & SONS
HAWKSWORTH (WILSON), ELLISON,
& Co.
HOUGHTON, W. D. -
17, Elizabeth-street
Sun-street, West
64, 65, Burlington Arcade
185, Piccadillyban-
The Distillery
16, Bachelor's Walk
Boar-lane
Distillery
Rye Vale Distillery
18, Galltree-gate
Calton Hill Brewery
Queen-street Wharf
Trent and Northgate Brewery
90, Cannon-street
28, Market-buildings, Mark-lane
Coalport Works
Carlisle Works
Friars Green Mill
- Colchester.
Bradford.
...
Birmingham.
- London.
- London.
Leith.
- Dublin.
- Cork.
- Leeds.

Maidstone, Kent.
Leixlip, near Dublin.
Leicester.
Edinburgh.
Bristol.
.Newark-on-Trent.
. London.
- London.
Shifnal, Shropshire.
Warrington.
Sheffield.
- Warrington.

69
Object, and Name of Exhibitor.
WIRE AND WIREWORK.-cont.
PHOSPHOR BRONZE
COMPANY,
Address of Exhibitor.
LIMITED
SMITH, F., & Co.
TAYLER, D. F., & Co.
139, Cannon-street
Caledonia Works
London.
- Halifax.
- Birmingham.
- Liverpool.
New Hall Works
WARRINGTON WIRE ROPE WORKS 32, Redcross-street
WOOD,
WOODWORK, AND
WOOD WORKING MACHI-
NERY.
BULLIVANT, T.
EDWARDS, G.
KEITH & Co.
ROBERTS, W.
WOOL, WOOLLEN, AND WOR
STED YARNS.
Bowes, J. L., & BROTHER
MILL HILL, WOOL AND RAG EX-
TRACTING COMPANY, LIMITED
SMITH, D., & Co., LIMITED
WOOL AND WORSTED WORK-
ING MACHINERY.
NUSSEY & LEACHMAN
SMITH, J. & S.
WOOLLEN, WORSTED,
MIXED FABRICS.
ANDREWS, H., & Co.
BIRCHALL, J. D., & Co.
BLISS, W., & SONS -
104, Ledbury-road, Bayswater
149, Brompton-road
6, Denmark-street, Soho
139, Derby-road
11, Dale-street
Mill Hill Works
Kensington Works
Low Bridge Works
AND
London.
London.
· London.
Bootle, near Liverpool.
Liverpool.
Huddersfield,
Halifax.
- Leeds.
Keighley, Yorkshire.
J
BRIGG, J. F., & Co.
BUBB & Co.
BUCKLEY, J., & Co.
BUCKLEY, J. E. & G. F.
CARR, I., & Co.
DAVIES, R., & SONS
HARGREAVE & NUSSEYS
HEPWORTH, B., & SON
HOOPER, C., & Co.
KING, W.
LITTLE, J. W., & Co.
MAHONY, M., & BROTHERS -
29, Albion-street
Wellington and Burley Mills
Southfield Mills
Moorcroft Mills
Linfitt Mills
Twerton Mills
Stonehouse Mills
Farnley Low Mills
New Wakefield Mills
Eastington Mills
Gilroyd and Albert Mills
3, Camden Quay
Ebley and Stanley Mills
30, 32, 34, High-street
Home Mills
MARLING, G., & Co.
MCGEE, J. G., & Co.
SALTER, S., & Co.
WILLIAMS, E. G., & Co.
WRITING DESKS, &c.
SCHILDBERG, H., & Co.
WEBSTER, H.
ZINC.
ZOBEL, C. F. J.
26, Moorgate-street
22, Litchfield-street, Soho
139, Euston-road
Leeds.
.Leeds.
Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire.
· Huddersfield.est
near Stroud.
Delph, near Manchester.
Delph, near Manchester.
Bath.
Gloucestershire.
Leeds.
Dewsbury.de
Stonehouse, Gloucestershire.
Morley, near Leeds.
Leeds.
Cork.
Stroud, Gloucestershire.
Belfast.
Trowbridge, Wiltshire.
Bradford.
London.
London.
- London.

70
%
LIST
Of Articles of Produce and Manufacture which are admitted to the United States
Free of Duty.
Acids: arsenious, crude; boracic; nitric, not chemi-
cally pure; muriatic; oxalic; picric and nitro-picric;
succinic; sulphuric; but carboys containing acids
shall be subject to the same duty as if empty; and
all acids of every description used for chemical and
manufacturing purposes not otherwise provided for.
Aconite, root, leaf, and bark.
Agaric.
Agates, unmanufactured.
Albumen and lactarin.
Alcornoque.
Alkanet root.
Alkekengi.
Alizarine.
Almond shells.
Aloes.
Aluminium.
Amber beads.
Ambergris.
Amber gum.
American manufactures of casks, barrels, or carboys
and other vessels, and grain bags, (the manufac-
ture of the United States,) if exported containing
American produce, and declaration be made of in-
tent to return the same empty under such regula-
tions as shall be prescribed by the Secretary of the
Treasury.
#
American barrels and grain bags, the manufacture
of the United States, when exported filled with
American products or exported empty, and returned
filled with foreign products, may be returned to the
United States free of duty, under such rules and
regulations as shall be prescribed by the Secretary
of the Treasury. These provisions shall apply to
and include shooks when returned as barrels or
boxes as aforesaid.
Ammonia, crude.
Angelica root.
But plaid
dgill
Aniline oil, crude.
Anmals brought into the United States temporarily
and for a period not exceeding six months, for the
purpose of exhibition or competition for prizes
offered by any agricultural or racing association;
Animals-continued.
of which such animals would otherwise be liable.
shall be paid in case of their sale in the United
States, or if not re-exported within six months.
Animals, alive, specially imported for breeding pur-
poses from beyond the seas, shall be admitted free,
upon proof thereof satisfactory to the Secretary of
the Treasury, and under such regulations as he may
prescrible; and teams of animals, including their
harness and tackle, actually owned by persons im-
migrating to the United States with their families
from foreign countries, and in actual use for the
purposes of such immigration, shall also be admitted
free of duty, under such regulations as the Secretary
of the Treasury may prescribe.
Annatto, roncou, rocou, or Orleans, and all extracts of.
Annato seed.
Antimony, ore, and crude sulphuret of.
Aqua fortis.
Argal dust.
Argols, crude.
Arsenic.
Arseniate of aniline.
Articles, the growth, produce, and manufacture of the
United States, when returned in the same condi-
tion as exported; but proof of the identity of such
articles shall be made under regulations to be pre-
scribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, and if
such articles were subject to internal tax at the
time of exportation, such tax shall be proved to
have been paid before exportation and not refunded.
Articles imported for the use of the United States,
provided that the price of the same did not include
the duty.
Asbestos, not manufactured.
Asses' skins, raw, unmanufactured,
Balm of Gilead.
·ilik.
Balsams: copaiva, fir or Canada, Peru, and tolu.
Bamboo-reeds, no further manufactured than cut into
suitable lengths for walking sticks or canes, or for
sticks for umbrellas, parasols, or sun-shades.
but a bond shall be first given, in accordance with Bamboos, unmanufactured.
the regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of
the Treasury, with the condition that the full duty
of American manufacture, exported filled with
domestic petroleum and returned empty, under such
regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may

71
Barrels continued.
prescribe, and without requiring the filing of a
declaration at time of export of intent to return the
same empty.
Barilla.
Barks; Quilla, Peruvian, Lima, calisaya, the all cin-
chona barks, canella alba, pomegranate, croton,
cascarilla, and all other barks not otherwise pro-
vided for.
Beans, vanilla, or vanilla plants.
Bed feathers and downs.
Belladonna, root and leaf.
Borax, crude.
Brazil paste.
Brazil pebbles for spectacles, and pebbles for spec-
tacles, rough.
Brazil-wood, braziletto, and all other dye-woods, in
sticks.
Breccia, in blocks or slabs.
Brime.
Brimstone, crude.
Bromine.
Buchu leaves.
Bullion, gold and silver.
Bells, broken, and bell-metal, broken and fit only to be Burgundy pitch.
re-manufactured.
Bells, old, and bell-metal.
Berries, nuts, and vegetables for dyeing, or used for
composing dyes, not otherwise provided for.
Bezoar stones.
Birds, stuffed.
Birds, singing and other, and land and water-fowls.
Bismuth.
Bitter apples, colocynth, coloquintida.
Black salts.
Black tares.
Bladders, crude, and all integuments of animals not
otherwise provided for.
Bologna sausages.
Bolting cloths.
Bones, crude and not manufactured, burned, calcined,
ground, or steamed.
20
Burr-stone in blocks, rough or unmanufactured, and
not bound up into mill-stones.
Cabinets of coins, medals, and all other collections of
antiquities.
Cadmium.
Calamine.
Camphor, crude.
Cantharides.
Carnelian, unmanufactured.
Castor or castoreum.
Catechu or cutch.
Cat-gut strings or gut cord for musical instruments.
Cat-gut or whip-gut, unmanufactured.
Chalk and cliff-stone, unmanufactured.
Chamomile flowers.
Charcoal.
Bone-dust and bone-ash for manufacture of phosphates China-root.
and fertilizers.
Books which shall have been printed and manufac-
tured more than 20 years at the date of importa-
tion.
Books, maps, and charts imported by authority for
the use of the United States or for the use of the
Library of Congress. But the duty shall not have
been included in the contract or price paid.
Books, maps, and charts, specially imported, not more
than two copies in any one invoice, in good faith for
the use of any society incorporated or established
for philosophical, literary, or religious purposes, or
for the encouragement of the fine arts, or for the
use or by the order of any college, academy, school,
or seminary of learning in the United States.
Books, professional, of persons arriving in the United
Chloride of lime.
Cinchona-root.
Citrate of lime.
Coal, anthracite.
Coal stores of American vessels, but none s
loaded.
Cobalt, ore of.
Cocculus indicus.
Cochineal.
shall be un-
Cocoa or cacao, crude, and fibre, leaves, and shells of.
Coffee.
Coins; gold, silver, and copper.
Coir and coir-yarn.
Colcothar, dry, or oxide of iron.ed
Collections of antiquity, specially imported and not
for sale.
Colt's-foot (crude drug).
Conium cicuta or hemlock, seed and leaf.
Contrayerva root.
States.
Books, household effects, or libraries, or parts of Columbo root.
libraries, in use of persons or families from foreign
countries, if used abroad by them not less than one
year, and not intended for any other person or per-
sons, nor for sale.
Borate of lime, prodro
der bue
Copper, old, taken from the bottom of American
vessels, compelled by marine disaster to repair in
foreign ports.

72
Copper, when imported for the United States Mint.
Coral, marine, unmanufactured.
Cork-wood or cork-bark, unmanufactured.
Cotton.
Cowage down.
Cow or kine pox, or vaccine virus.
Cubebs.
Cudbear.
Curling-stones or quoits.
Curry and curry powders.
Cuttle fish bone.
Cyanite or kyanite.
Diamonds, rough or uncut, including glaziers' diamonds.
Diamond-dust or bort.
Divi-divi.
Dragon's blood.
Dried and prepared flowers.
Dried blood.
Dried bugs.
Dyeing or tanning; articles in a crude state used in
dyeing or tanning, not otherwise provided for.
Eggs.
Elecampane-root.
Ergot.
Esparto, or Spanish grass, and other grasses, and pulp
of, for the manufacture of paper.
Fans, common palm-leaf.
Farina.
Fashion plates engraved on steel or on wood, coloured
or plain.
Felt, adhesive, for sheathing vessels.
Fibrin, in all forms.
Firewood.
Fish, fresh, for immediate consumption.
Fish for bait.
Flint, flints, and ground flint stones.
Flowers, leaves, plants, roots, barks, and seeds for
medicinal purposes in a crude state, not otherwise
provided for.
Folia digitalis.
Foreign machinery for the manufacture of ramie, jute,
and flax fabrics.
Foreign grain bags, exported filled and returned empty.
Fossils.
Fruit-plants, tropical and semi-tropical, for the pur-
pose of propagation or cultivation.
Fur-skins of all kinds not dressed in any manner.
Galanga or galangal.
Garancine.
Gentian-root.
Ginger root.
Ginseng root.
Glass, broken in pieces, and old glass which cannot
be cut for use, and fit only to be re-manufactured.
Goat-skins, raw.
Goldbeaters' molds and goldbeaters' skins.

Gold size.
Grease, for use as soap-stock only, not otherwise pro-
vided for.
Guano and other animal manures.
Gums: arabic, Jeddo, Senegal, Barbary, East India,
Cape, Australian, gum benzoin or benjamin, gum
copal, sandarac, dammar, gamboge, cowrie, mastic,
shellac, tragacanth, olibanum, guaiac, myrrh, bdel-
lium, garbanum, and all gums not otherwise provided
for.
Gunny-bags and gunny-cloth, old or refuse, fit only
for re-manufacture.
Gut and worm-gut, manufactured or unmanufactured,
for whip and other cord.

Guts, salted.
Gutta-percha, crude.
32%
Hair, all horse, cattle, cleaned or uncleaned, drawn or
undrawn, but unmanufactured.
Hair of hogs, curled for beds and mattresses, and not
fit for bristles.
Handle-bolts.
Hellebore-root.
Hemlock-bark.
Hide cuttings, raw, with or without the hair on, for
glue stock.
Hide-rope.
Hides, raw or uncured, whether dry, salted or pickled,
and skins, except sheepskins with the wool on,
Angora goatskins, raw, without the wool, unmanu-
factured, asses' skins, raw, unmanufactured.
Hones and whetstones.
Hoofs, horns, and horn-tips.
Horn-strips.
Hop roots for cultivation.
Hyoscyamus, or henbane leaf.
Ice.
India-rubber, crude, and milk of.
Indian hemp (crude drug).
Indigo.
India or Malacca joints, not further manufactured than
cut into suitable lengths for the manufactures into
which they are intended to be converted.
Iodine, crude.
Ipecac.
Iridium.
Iris, orris root.
Isinglass, or fish glue.
Istle, or tampico fibre.
Ivory and vegetable ivory, unmanufactured.


73
Jalap.
Jet, unmanufactured.
Joss-stick, or joss light.
Juniper and laurel berries.
Junk, old.
Jute butts.
Kelp.
Kryolite.
Lac, dye, crude, seed, button, stick, and shell.
Lac spirits.
Lac sulphur.
Lava, unmanufactured.
Leather, old scrap.
Leaves, all, not otherwise provided for.
Leeches.
Licorice-root.
Life-boats and life saving apparatus, specially imported
by societies incorporated or established to encourage
the saving of human life.
Lithographic stones, not engraved.
Litmus and all lichens, prepared or not prepared.
Loadstones.
Logs, and round unmanufactured timber not otherwise
provided for, and ship timber.
Madder and munjeet, or Indian madder, ground or
prepared, and all extracts of.
Magnets.
Manganese, oxide and ore of.
Manna.
Manuscripts.
Marrow, crude.
Marsh-mallows.
Matico leaf.
Medals, of gold, silver, or copper.
Meerschaum, crude or raw.
Mercury or quicksilver.
Mica and mica waste.
Mineral waters, all not artificial.
30
Models of inventions and other improvements in the
arts. But no article or articles shall be deemed a
model or improvement which can be fitted for use.
Moss, Iceland, and other mosses, crude.
Moss, sea-weed, and all other vegetable substances
used for beds and mattresses.
Murexide (a dye).
Musk and civet, crude, in natural pod.
Mustard seed, brown and white.
Nitrate of soda, or cubic nitre.
Nut galls.
Nuts, cocoa and Brazil or cream.
Nux vomica.
Oak-bark.
Oakum.
Oil-cake.
Oil, spermaceti, whale, and other fish of American
fisheries; and all other articles the produce of such
fisheries.
Oil, essential, fixed or expressed, viz., almonds; amber,
crude and rectified; ambergris; anise, or anise-seed;
anthos, or rosemary; bergamot; cajeput; caraway;
cassia; cedrat; chamomile; cinnamon; citronella or
lemon-grass; civet; fennel; jasmine, or jessamine;
juglandium; juniper; lavender; mace; ottar of roses;
poppy; sesame, or sesamum-seed, or bene; thyme;
red, or origanum; thyme, white; valerian.
Olives, green or prepared.
Orange and lemon-peel, not preserved, candied, or
otherwise prepared.
Orange buds and flowers.
Orchil, or archil, in the weed or liquid.
Ores of gold and silver.
Orpiment.
Osmium.
Oxidizing-paste.
Palladium.
Palm and cocoa-nut oil.
Palm-leaf, unmanufactured.
Palm-nuts and palm-nut kernels.
Paper-stock, crude, of every description, including all
grasses, fibres, rags, other than wool, waste, shavings,
clippings, old paper, rope-ends, waste rope, waste
bagging, gunny bags and gunny cloth, old or
refuse, to be used in making and fit only to be con-
verted into paper, and unfit for any other manu-
facture, and cotton-waste, whether for paper-stock.
or other purposes.
Pearl, mother of.
Pellitory-root.
Persis, or extract of archil, and cudbear.
Personal and household effects, not merchandise, of
citizens of the United States dying abroad.
Peruvian bark.
Pewter and Britannia metal, old, and fit only to bo
re-manufactured.
Phanglein,
Philosophical and scientific apparatus, instruments,
and preparations, statuary, casts of marble, bronze,
alabaster, or plaster of Paris, paintings, drawings,
and etchings, specially imported in good faith for
the use of any society or institution incorporated or
established for philosophical, educational, scientific,
or literary purposes, or encouragement of the fine
arts, and not imported for sale.


74
Phosphates, crude or native, for fertilizing purposes.
Plants, trees, shrubs, roots, seed-cane, and seeds im-
ported by the Department of Agriculture or the
United States Botanical Garden.
Plaster of Paris, or sulphate of lime, unground.
Platina, unmanufactured.
Platinum vases or retorts for chemical uses, or parts
thereof.
Plumbago.
Polishing stones.
Polypodium.
Potassa, muriate of.
Pulu.
Pumice and pumice-stones.
Quassia-wood.
Quick-grass root.
Quicksilver.
Quills, prepared or unprepared.
17
Rags, of cotton, linen, jute, and hemp, and paper-
waste, or waste or clippings of any kind fit only for
the manufacture of paper, including waste rope and
waste bagging.
Railroad ties, of wood.
Rattans and reeds, unmanufactured.
Regalia and gems, and statues and specimens of sculp-
ture, where specially imported, in good faith, for
the use of any society incorporated or established for
philosophical, literary, or religious purposes, or for
the encouragement of the fine arts, or for the use or
by the order of any college, academy, school, or
seminary of learning in the United States.
Rennets, raw or prepared.
Resins, crude, not otherwise provided for.
Rhubarb.
Root flour.
Rose leaves.
Rottenstone. Sebab bron Hist
Saffron and safflower, and extract of. f
Saffron cake.
Sago, sago crude, and sago flour.abff her
Saint John's beans.
Salacine.
Salep, or saloup. Janga
Sandal wood. **
Sarsaparilla, crude.
Sassafras bark and root. byt
Sauerkraut.
Sausage skins.
Scammony, or resin of scammony.voril o
Seaweed, not otherwise provided for. o ha
Seeds cardamom, caraway, coriander, fenugreek,
fennel, cummin, and other seeds not otherwise pro-
vided for.
Seeds: anise, anise star, canary, chia, sesamum,
sugar cane, sugar-beet, and seeds of forest trees.
Senna, in leaves.
Shark skins.
Shells of every description, not manufactured.
Shingle-bolts and stave-bolts, and "heading-bolts "
shall be held and construed to be included under
the term "stave-bolts."
Ship-planking.
Shrimps, or other shell fish.
:
Silk, raw, or as reeled from the cocoon, not being
doubled, twisted, or advanced in manufacture any
way, and silk cocoons and silk waste.
Silk-worm eggs.
Skeletons, and other preparations of anatomy.
Skins, dried, salted, or pickled, ten per centum ad
valorem.
Snails.
Soap-stocks.
Sparterre for making or ornamenting hats.
Specimens of natural history, botany, and mineralogy,
when imported for cabinets as objects of taste or
science, and not for sale.

Spunk.
Spurs and stilts used in the manufacture of earthen or
crockery ware.
Squills or silla.
Staves-acre, crude.
Storax or styrax.
Straw, unmanufactured.
Strontia, oxide of, or protoxide of strontium.
Substances expressly used for manure.
Sugar-beet seed.
Sugar of milk.
Sweepings of gold or silver.
Talc.
Tamarinds. T
Tapioca, cassava, or cassada.
Tea. D
Tea plants.
Teasels, blame a
Teeth, unmanufactured.
Terra-alba, aluminous.
Terra japonica.
Tica, crude.
Tin in pigs, bars, or blocks, and grain-tin,
Tonquin, tonqua, or tonka beans.
Tortoise and other shell, unmanufactured. Ansonst
Tripoli.

75
Turmeric.
Turtles.
Types, old, and fit only to be re-manufactured.
Woad, weld or pastel.
Wood-ashes, and lye of, and beet-root ashes.
Woods, poplar, or other woods for the manufacture of
paper.
box, granadilla, mahogany, rose-wood, satin-wood,
and all cabinet woods, unmanufactured.
Umbrella-sticks, crude, to wit, all partridge, hair-Woods, namely, cedar, lignum-vitæ, lance-wood, ebony,
wood, pimento, orange, myrtle, ando ther sticks and
canes in the rough, or no further manufactured
than cut into lengths suitable for umbrella, parasol,
or sun-shade sticks or walking canes.
Uranium, oxide of.
Venice turpentine.
Verdigris, or subacetate of copper.
Wafers.
Works of art: paintings, statuary, fountains and other
works of art, the production of American artists.
But the fact of such production must be verified
by the certificate of any consul or minister of the
United States indorsed upon the written declaration
of the artist.
Works of art paintings, statuary, fountains and other
works of art, imported expressly for presentation to
national institutions or to any state, or to any
municipal corporation.
Worm-seed, Levant.
Xylonite or Xylotile.
Wax, bay or myrtle, Brazilian and Chinese.
Wearing apparel in actual use, and other personal
effects (not merchandise), professional books, imple-
ments, instruments, and tools of trade, occupation,
or employment of persons arriving in the United
States. But this exemption shall not be construed
to include machinery or other articles imported
for use in any manufacturing establishment, or for Yeast-cakes.
Whalebone, unmanufactured.
sale.
Yams.
Zaffer.
EXTRACT FROM REVISED STATUTES, APPROVED JUNE 22, 1874.
Whenever the President of the United States shall receive satisfactory evidence that the Imperial Parliament
of Great Britain, the Parliament of Canada, and the Legislature of Prince Edward's Island have passed laws on
their part to give full effect to the provisions of the treaty between the United States and Great Britain signed
at the city of Washington on the eighth day of May, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, as contained in articles
eighteenth to twenty-fifth, inclusive, and article thirtieth of said treaty, he is hereby authorised to issue his
proclamation declaring that he has such evidence, and thereupon, from the date of such proclamation and so
ong as the said articles eighteenth to twenty-fifth, inclusive, and article thirtieth of said treaty, shall remain in
force, according to the terms and conditions of article thirty-third of said treaty, all fish oil and fish of all kinds
except fish of the inland lakes and of the rivers falling into them, and except fish preserved in oil), being the
produce of the dominion of Canada or of Prince Edward's Island, shall be admitted into the United States free
of duty; and whenever the colony of Newfoundland shall give its consent to the application of the stipulations
and provisions of the said articles eighteenth to twenty-fifth of said treaty, inclusive, to that colony, and the
Legislature thereof and the Imperial Parliament shall pass the necessary laws for that purpose, the above
enumerated articles, being the produce of the fisheries of the colony of Newfoundland, shall be admitted into
the United States free of duty, from and after the date of a proclamation by the President of the United States,
declaring that he has satisfactory evidence that the said colony of Newfoundland has consented, in a due and
proper manner, to have the provisions of the said articles eighteenth to twenty-fifth, inclusive, of the said treaty
extended to it, and to allow the United States the full benefits of all the stipulations therein contained, and
shall be so admitted free of duty, so long as the said articles eighteenth to twenty-fifth, inclusive, and article
thirtieth, of said treaty, shall remain in force, according to the terms and conditions of article thirty-third of
aid treaty; but the provisions of this section shall not apply to any articles of merchandise mentioned therein
which were held in bond by the customs officers of the United States on the first day of July, eighteen hundred
and seventy-three.

76
Whenever any vessel laden with merchandise in whole or in part subject to duty has been sunk in any river,
harbour, bay, or waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, and within its limits, for the period of
two years, and is abandoned by the owner thereof, any person who may raise such vessel shall be permitted to
bring any merchandise recovered therefrom into the port nearest to the place where such vessel was so raised,
free from the payment of any duty thereupon, and without being obliged to enter the same at the custom
house; but under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe.
The produce of the forests of the State of Maine upon the Saint John River and its tributaries, owned by
American citizens, and sawed or hewed in the province of New Brunswick by American citizens, the same
being unmanufactured in whole or in part, which is now admitted into the ports of the United States free of
duty, shall continue to be so admitted under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury shall from time
to time prescribe.
The produce of the forests of the State of Maine upon the Saint Croix River and its tributaries, owned by
American citizens, and sawed in the province of New Brunswick by American citizens, the same being un-
manufactured in whole or in part, and having paid the same taxes as other American lumber on that river,
shall be admitted into the ports of the United States free of duty, under such regulations as the Secretary of
the Treasury shall from time to time prescribe.
Machinery for the manufacture of beet-sugar, and imported for that purpose solely, shall be exempted from
duty.
Machinery for repair may be imported into the United States without payment of duty, under bond, to be
given in double the appraised value thereof, to be withdrawn and exported after said machinery shall have been
repaired; and the Secretary of the Treasury is authorised and directed to prescribe such rules and regulations
as may be necessary to protect the revenue against fraud, and secure the identity and character of all such
importations when again withdrawn and exported, restricting and limiting the export and withdrawal to the
same port of entry where imported, and also limiting all bonds to a period of time of not more than six months
from the date of the importation.
All paintings, statuary, and photographic pictures imported into the United States for exhibition by any
association duly authorised under the laws of the United States or any state for the promotion and
encouragement of science, art, or industry, and not intended for sale, shall be admitted free of duty under such
regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe. But bonds shall be given for the payment to the
United States of such duties as are now imposed by law upon any and all of such articles as shall not be
re-exported within six months after such importation.
All lumber, timber, hemp, manilla, and iron and steel rods, bars, spikes, nails, and bolts, and copper and
composition metal which may be necessary for the construction and equipment of vessels built in the United
States for the purpose of being employed in the foreign trade, including the trade between the Atlantic and
Pacific ports of the United States, and finished after the sixth day of June eighteen hundred and seventy
two, may be imported in bond, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe; and
upon proof that such materials have been used for such purpose, no duties shall be paid thereon; but vessels
receiving the benefit of this section shall not be allowed to engage in the coastwise trade of the United States
more than two months in any one year, except upon the payment to the United States of the duties on which
a rebate is herein allowed.
All articles of foreign production needed for the repair of American vessels engaged exclusively in foreign
trade may be withdrawn from bonded warehouses free of duty, under such regulations as the Secretary of
the Treasury may prescribe.
That no duty shall be levied or collected on the importation of peltries brought into the territories of the
United States, nor on the proper goods and effects, of whatever nature, of Indians passing or repassing the
boundary line aforesaid, unless the same be goods in bales or other large packages unusual among Indians,
which shall not be considered as goods belonging to Indians, nor be entitled to the exemption from duty
aforesaid.
There shall be levied, collected, and paid on the importation of all raw or unmanufactured articles, not
herein enumerated or provided for, a duty of 10 per centum ad valorem ; and on all articles manufactured in
whole or in part, not herein enumerated or provided for, a duty of 20 per centum ad valorem.

77
LIST
Of Articles of Produce and Manufactures chargeable with Duty on being imported
into the United States.
(In the following calculations, since all customs duties are only payable in gold, the dollar has been taken at
4s. 2d. At the rate of exchange on the 28th of February 1876, which was 4.86 to the £ sterling, this is about
5ths of a penny more than its actual value, as exemplified in Exchange Tables, page 22).
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Absinthe
A.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
$2 per proof gall.{{
= per
proof gall.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
1}0
8 4
Upon declared
Value.
嗾
​B. A
Academies. Books, maps, and charts
Accordeons
(not more than two copies
in any one invoice), spe-
cimens of sculpture, re-
galia and gems, and
statues and specimens of
sculpture, specially im-
ported, in good faith, for
the use or by the order
of any college, school, or
seminary of learning
Philosophical and scientific
apparatus, instruments,
and preparations, statu-
ary, casts of marble,
bronze, alabaster, or plas-
ter of Paris, paintings,
drawings, and etchings,
specially imported for the
use of, or of any institu-
tion or society incorpo-
rated or established for
philosophical, educa.
tional, scientific, or lite-
rary purposes, or en-
couragement of the fine
arts, and not for sale
Acetate of ammonia
baryta
Free.
Free.
30 per cent.
25 cts. per lb.
25 cts. per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
7.0
0100
1 01/1/20
0 1 0
30 per cent.

78
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Acetate of iron, strontia, or zinc
""
lead, brown
lead, white
copper
magnesia
25 cts. per lb.
5 cts. per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
0 1 01
0
0
0
21
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0
0
5
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0
5
50 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0
2 1
soda
55
25 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 1 01/2
| | | | | |
lime
""
25 per cent.
1
25 per cent.
""
potash
25 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 1 012
Acid, acetic, acetous or pyroligneous acid,
of specific gravity of 1.047,
or less
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 21
exceeding the specific gravity
of 1.047
99
arsenious, crude
30 cts. per lb.
Free.
= per lb.
01 3
benzoic
22
boracic
carbolic, as a disinfectant
>>
>>
for chemical or manufac-
turing purposes
crystallized, used for medi-
cinal purposes
liquid
10 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
| | |!
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
99
"2
chromic
""
citric
""
gallic
muriatic
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
15 per cent.
10 cts. per lb.
15 per cent.
$1 per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 5
042
""
""
nitric, yellow and white
Free.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
""
not chemically pure
Free.
oxalic
""
Free.
""
picric and nitro-picric
Free.
""
rosalic, so styled
20 per cent.
ای استان
20 per cent.
succinic
""
Free.
tannic
tartaric
sulphuric, or oil of vitriol
fuming (Nordhausen)
Acids, of every description, used for
chemical and manufacturing pur-
poses, not otherwise provided for
Acids, of every description, used for medi-
cinal purposes or in the fine arts,
not otherwise provided for
PROVIDED, that carboys con-
taining acids shall be subject
to the same duty as if empty.
10 per cent.
Free.
1 ct. per lb.
= per lb.
$1 per lb.
15 cts. per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 012
04 2
0 0 7/1/2
Free.
1
10 per cent.
9

79
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Aconite, root, leaf, and bark
Acoustic apparatus.
Acorns (powdered), and acorn coffee
Adamantine spar, as Emery Stone
Adhesive felt, for sheathing vessels
Adiantum, a crude drug
Adzes
Aërated waters,* in bottles or jugs con-
Free.
3 cts. per lb.
$6 per ton.
Free.
>>
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
per lb.
per ton
0
0 11/2
1
5
0
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
taining one quart or
less
3 cts. each, and 25
per cent.
=per doz.
containing more than
one quart, 3 cts. for
each additional quart
or fractional part
thereof, and 25 per
cent.
not in bottles or jugs
30 per
per cent.
1
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Aërial machines, according to materials.
African fibre, for beds, unmanufactured
Agaric -
Agate balls and hooks
mortars, as stoneware
Agates, not set
unmanufactured -
cut, for bookbinders
Agriculture, Department of, or the United
States Botanic Garden; plants, trees,
shrubs, roots, seed-cane, and seeds im-
ported for
Alabaster, ornaments of
>>
10 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free,
30 per cent.
casts of, specially imported in
good faith for the use of a ma
any society or institution
incorporated or established
for philosophical, educa-
tional, scientific, or literary
purposes, or encouragement
of the fine arts, and not in-
attended for salez-
deffend Free.
Albata, unmanufactured or in sheets
Albums, photographic, of leather and all
paper
den 35 per
cent.
35 per cent.
11
1
0 1 6 + 25 per cent.
1
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
These are generally put up in half-pint and pint bottles, but it would seem to be the interest of the manufacturer to increase the
size of the bottles, otherwise the duty would, in the case of many of these preparations, amount to nearly 75 per cent. of their value.
80
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Albums, same, unbound
Albumen
Alcohol
Alcohol, amylic, or fusil oil
Alcoholado, so called, as distilled spirits
Alcoholometers
Alcornoque, or cork-tree
Ale, porter, and beer, in bottles *-
>>
otherwise than in
bottles
Alizarine, extract of madder
""
artificial, of coal tar, and used
by calico printers as a dye,
as an unenumerated manu-
facture
Alkaline silicates
Alkanet root
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
35 per cent.
Free.
$2 per proof gall.
$2 per gall.
$2 per proof gall.{
1
=per proof
gall.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
11
= per gall. 0 8 4
= per proof
gall.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 8
8 4
} 0 8 4
40 per cent.
35 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0 1 5
40 per cent.
Free.
20 cts. per gall.
Free.
11
per gall. 0 0 10
1
I
20 per cent.
ct. per lb.
Free.
20 per cent.
= per lb.
0001
Free.
|| ||
= per lb.
0
per lb.
0
00111
0 3
0 5
50 per cent.
Alkekengi
Almonds
shelled -
"
99
paste, as cosmetics
shells
Almond oil
Aloes, gum
artificial, made of benzole and
nitric acid-
Alpaca,† hair of the, or other like animals,
the value of which
at the last port or
place whence ex-
ported to the United
States, excluding
charges in such
port, shall be 32
cents or less per lb.
6 cts. per lb.
10 cts. per lb.
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
10 cts. per lb. and
11 per cent.
||
11
20 per cent.
}
= per lb.
005
+11 per cent.

* The duty on 100 doz. in bottles would amount to 81. 4s. 03d. in English currency; otherwise than in bottles, duty at the rate
of 30s. per barrel in English currency. "The 35 cts. per gallon obviously includes duty on the bottles, as when not bottled pays
"but 20 cts. per gallon."- "If it becomes sour on the voyage of importation, is subject to the regular duty for such articles, and
"if an abatement is claimed for damage resulting from 'souring,' it does not change the classification."-
"_" Under existing laws
may be imported."-" One doz. pint
"there are no restrictions as to the size of the packages in which beer, ale, and porte, assification."
"bottles considered one and one-eighth gallon."
† Rates to be doubled when the same is not imported in the ordinary condition, or is changed to evade the duty, or reduced in
value by the admixture of dirt or other foreign substance. Rates to be trebled if scoured.

81
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Alpaca, hair of the, of greater value.
**
manufactured.
See
Dress Goods (page
137), Clothing (page
119), and Manufac-
{
12 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
tures of Worsted
(page 337).
Alum, patent alum, alum substitute, sul-1
phate of alumina, and aluminous cake
Aluminium or aluminum
Amber, gum
**
beads
Ambergris
}
= per lb.
Duty charged in English
Currency,
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
A.
£ S. d.
ને
0 0 6 +10 per cent.
}
0 2 6
60 cts. per 100 lbs.
per l
100 lbs.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
| | | |
LITT T
Amelines of worsted, as manufactures of
worsted, viz. —
Valued at not over 20 cents per square 6 cts. per square yard
yard
Valued higher
Provided that on all goods weighing
4 ozs. or over per square yard the
duty shall be
*American manufactures, to wit:-casks,
barrels, or carboys, and other
vessels, and grain bags, the
manufacture of the United
States, if exported contain-
ing American produce, and
declaration be made of intent
to return the same empty,
under such regulations as
shall be prescribed by the
Secretary of the Treasury
fisheries, all articles the pro-
duce of such fisheries
Amethysts, not set
set
Ammonia, refined
acetate or pyrolignite of
and 35 per cent.
8 cts. per square yard
and 40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
}
= per sq.
yard.
=
per sq.
yard.
per lb.
| | | |
o o 3
+35 per cent.
0 0 4
+40 per cent.
}0
0 2 1
1111
+35 per cent.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 1 0
**
aqua, or hartshorn (medicinal
preparation)
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
36247.
* The Act of Feb. 8, 1875 provides that bags, other than of American manufacture, in which grain shall have been actually
exported from the United States, may be returned empty to the United States free of duty, under regulations to be prescribed by
the Secretary to the Treasury.
F

82
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Ammonia, carbonate of
crude -
99
muriate of
sal
99
20 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
sulphate of
20 per cent.
Ammonium, grains of, or gum ammoniac,
a resin
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
| | | | |
£ s.
d.
| | | | |
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Amomum, or grains of paradise
Amyl of oxyd (so called) -
Amylic alcohol
Anatomical preparations
Anchors or parts thereof
20 per cent.
5
$21 per lb.
$2 per gall.
Free.
= per lb.
=per gall.
0 10
08 4
35 per cent.
09 4/1/2
specimens, models or imita-
tions of, in pâpier maché -
35 per cent.
21 cts. per lb.
1
= per
$8 per ton.
= per ton
1 13 4
so broken, rusty, or old, as to be
unfit for use and fit only to be
re-manufactured
Provided that the same shall be
subject to the full duty if fit
for use as anchors by being
repaired.
Anchovies,* packed in oil or otherwise, in
99
99
tin boxes, for each whole
box measuring not more
than 5 in. long, 4 in. wide,
and 3 in. deep
for each half box, measur-
ing not more than 5 in.
long, 4 in. wide, and 1ğ in.
deep
for each quarter box, mea-
suring not more than 43 in.
long, 3 in. wide, and 1 in.
deep
imported in any other form
Andirons, of cast iron
Angelica root
Angora goats, living
100lbs. J
15 cts. per whole box {
per whole
box.
}0 0.
0 0 7/1/20
7 cts. per half box
per box 0 0 38
4 cts. per quarter box =per box
60 per cent.
1 cts. per lb.
Free.
Free.
0 0 2
60 per cent.
= per
100lbs.
}
063
11
* Provided that cans or packages made of tin or other material, containing fish of any kind, admitted free of duty under any
existing law or treaty, not exceeding one quart in contents, shall be subject to a duty of 1 cts. on each can or package, and when
exceeding one quart shall be subject to an additional duty of 1½ cts. for each additional quart or fractional part thereof.

83
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Angora goat skins, raw, without the wool,
unmanufactured
""
raw or unmanufac-
tured with the wool
on
Free.
いい
​30 per cent.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
£
A.
s. d.
B.
1
}
= per lb.
0 21
1911 1
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
+- 35 per cent.
Aniline, chemical preparation
20 per cent.
Free.
dyes and colours, by whatever 50 cts. per lb., and
arseniate of
name known
oil, crude
pulp or paste
Animal carbon
integuments, not otherwise pro-
vided for
Animal manures -
**
oils, not otherwise provided for
Animals, alive, not otherwise provided for
for breeding purposes, from be-
yond the seas (under regula-
tions)*
99
**
Anise seed
teams of, including harness and
tackle, actually owned by per-
sons immigrating and in actual
use (under regulations)*
brought into the United States
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
1
| | | │
1
20 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
temporarily, for exhibition or
competition for prizes*
Free.
Free.
oil
Free.
39
Annatto -
Free.
extracts of
Free.
seed
Free.
**
Anthracite
""
"2
22
Anodyne, Hoffman's
Anthos oil
other, as medicinal prepara-
tions
Antimony, crude, and regulus of
Antique oil
ore of, and crude sulphuret of
tartrate of, or tartar emetic
white oxide of
Antiquity, collections of, specially im-
ported, and not for sale
Free.
10 per cent.
Free.
lb.
15 cts. per
40 per cent.
50 per cent,
Free.
1
* Circular of Dec. 27, 1870, specifies what affidavits are required.
50 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 21
~ | | | | | |
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 71
11
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
I
F 2

AA
7284
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan -
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
Anvils
Apparatus, philosophical and scientific,
specially imported in good
faith for the use of any
society or institution in-
corporated or established
for philosophical, educa-
tional, scientific, or literary
purposes, or encourage-
ment of the fine arts, and
not intended for sale
life-saving, specially imported
Apple sauce
Apples -
bitter
Aprons, silk
Aqua fortis
Arabic, gum
cts. per lb.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
= per
{100
100lbs. J
A.
£ s. d.
0 10 5
B.
10 per cent.
Free.
60 per cent.
Free.
Free.
factured
99
Argal dust
Argols, crude
stone-
Archill, in the weed or liquid
extract of, or persis
Argentine, or German silver, unmanu-
manufactures of
Architectural plans
other than crude or partly re-
fined, as brown tartar
Armenian bole, a cosmetic
Arms, fire and side, except swords*
Free.
Free.
| | | | | | |
| | | | | || | ||
11
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
60 per cen
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
6 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
003
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
Aromatic cachous
50 per cent.
11110
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
vinegar, alcohol or
or distilled
spirits principal ingredients,
as alcoholic perfumery
same, without alcohol
Armour, antique, modern imitations of
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
$3 per gall. and
}
= per gall.
made of iron
Armour plates, iron
steel
Arrack
Arrowroot
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
0 12 6 + 50 per cent.
**
1
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
$2 per proof gall.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
{
per proof
gall.
08 4
30 per cent.
Swords are liable to a duty of 451. and sword blades of 351. for every 1007. of their declared value. See page 302 of the Tariff

85
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Arseniate of aniline
Arsenic
soda
sulphide of, or orpiment
Arsenious acid, crude
**
other than crude
Art, works of, imported expressly for pre-
sentation to national institu-
tions or to any state, or to
any municipal corporation*
by American artists, veri-
fied as provided for
generally, whether paintings,
sculpture, enamel or similar
artistic productions
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
| | | | | |
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
A.
£ s.
d.
| | | | | |
4
B.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
:
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
Arts, fine, all acids used in, and not other-
wise provided for
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
Articles,† all raw or unmanufactured, not
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
""
99
**
otherwise provided for
imported for the use of the
United States
made on frames, to wit, caps,
gloves, leggings, mitts, socks,
stockings, wove shirts and
drawers and all similar arti-
cles, of whatever material
composed, except silk or
linen, worn by men, women,
or children, and not other-
wise provided for
of grass, osier, palm leaf, whale-
bone, or willow, not other-
wise provided for
such as card cases, pocket
books, shell boxes, souvenirs,
and all similar articles of
whatever material composed,
and not otherwise provided for
in a crude state, used in dye-
ing or tanning, not other-
wise provided for
我
​35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
1
1
1
1
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
“The individual or association of individuals importing any object of art for presentation as a gift to the United States Government, or to any
State, county, or municipal government, is required to make an application in writing to the Department, requesting such free entry, which shail
contain a description of the work of art imported, and the name of the branch of the United States Government, or of the State, county, or muni-
cipal government, to which the presentation is intended to be made; such application to be accompanied by a letter, or other evidence, from the
chief officer of the branch of the United States Government, or of the State, county, or municipal government, signifying the acceptance of such
work of art as a gift.
↑ Articles indecent or obscene, importation prohibited.

86
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
1
Articles, not in a crude state, used in
dyeing or tanning, not other-
wise provided for
manufactured, not otherwise
provided for
not otherwise provided for,
made of gold, silver, German
silver, or platina, or of mate-
rials of which either of these
metals shall be a component
part
once exported, of the growth,
production, or manufacture
of the United States, upon
which no internal tax has
been assessed or paid, or
upon which such tax has
been paid and refunded by
allowance or drawback, on
re-importation, must pay a
duty in coin equal to the
tax imposed by the internal
revenue laws upon such
articles
the growth, produce, and manu-
facture of the United States
exported and brought back
in the same condition as
exported, identity proved
according to regulations pre-
scribed by Treasury, and on
which all lawful internal
taxes shall be proved to have
been paid before exportation,
and not refunded by allow-
ance or drawback, and on
which no other drawback or
bounty has been allowed
worn by men, women, and
children, of whatever mate-
rial composed, except silk
or linen, made up or made
wholly or in part by hand,
not otherwise provided for
Artificial stone
manures
flowers, or parts thereof
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
--
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
$1.50 per ton
35 per cent.
=per ton
0.6 3
Free.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.

87
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
99
Artillery, of iron or brass
Artists' colours, not otherwise provided
for
not manufactured
Asbestos, manufactured
""
Ashes, of wood and beetroot
>>
of lead
pearl
Artificial feathers, or parts thereof, of
**
whatever nature composed,
not otherwise provided for
limbs, iron
steel
wood
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
£
S. d.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Asphaltum
Assafœtida
Assay apparatus
Asses' skins, raw, unmanufactured
tanned
Asthma cigarettes, as medicinal prepara-
tions
Astronomical instruments
Astronomical instruments, specially
imported for the use of any society esta-
blished for religious purposes
Astronomical instruments, specially
imported for the use of any philosophi-
cal, educational, scientific, or literary
society, or society for the encouragement
of the fine arts, and not for sale*
Australian gum
Augers
10 per cent.
1½ cts. per lb.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
15 per cent.
| | | | |
per lb.
0 0 02
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent,
www
Free.
Free.
Awls
Axes
45 per cent.
1 11
1
11
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
15 per cent.
Awl hafts, as manufactures of wood, not
otherwise provided for
"Axe shaped" steel
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
= per
Axles or parts thereof
21 cts. per lb.
0 10 5
100 lbs. J
**
cast steel
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
Ayr stone (water of Ayr stone), for polish-
Free.
1
ing or fit for use as whetstones -
This does not include like articles imported by other "parties and purchased from them while in bond by or for colleges,
schools, &c.

88
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Bacon
B.
Baggage, personal, in actual use
Bagging, for cotton and other manufac-
tures not otherwise provided
for, suitable for the same uses,
wholly or partly of hemp,
jute, flax, gunny bags, gunny
cloth, or other material, valued
at not over 7 cents per square
yard -
same, valued over 7 cents
Dundee or Scotch double warp,
2 cts. per lb.
Free.
per lb.
£ s. d.
0 0 1
2 cts. per lb.
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
per lb.
0 0 1
0
0 11
of jute, not fit for use in bag-
ging cotton
jute, for tailoring purposes, hop
sacking, &c. -
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
=
11

40 per cent.
40 per cent.
waste, fit only for making paper
Bags, grain,* American manufacture. See
29
99
American manufactures.
other. See note to American
manufactures, page 81.
of American manufacture,
when exported filled with
American produce, or ex-
ported empty and returned
filled with foreign products,
may be returned to the
United States under regu-
lations
cotton bags and bagging, and
all other like manufactures,
not herein otherwise provided
for, except bagging for cotton,
composed wholly or in part
of flax, hemp, jute, gunny
cloth, gunny bags, or other
material
grass cloth
"
silk
Free.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
60 per cent.
111
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
60 per cent.
* “Grain bags, imported from Canada, filled with flaxseed, reported by appraiser as a 'not unusual' covering, are not liable
to duty as bags."

89
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ 8. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
02135 per cent.
per ib.
gunny and gunny cloth, old or re-
fuse, fit only to be remanufac-
tured
Bait, fish for
Baize, as bocking
Baking machine, according to principal
material composing it.
Balerope, hemp -
Ballast, stone, unmanufactured, not mer-
>>
chantable, if landed
stone, manufactured
Ball caps, as percussion caps
Balls, bagatelle, ivory or bone
**
59
billiard, ivory or bone
1
india rubber, solid, from to 2
inches in diameter, classed as
toys
india rubber, larger than above, not
children's toys
wash
wholly of india rubber, and not
toys
Balm of Gilead -
Balmorals, wholly or in part of wool or
worsted, hair of the alpaca, goat, or
other like animals :-
valued at 40 cts. or less
{25 cts. per sq. yard }
الي
and 35 per cent.
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
Bags, woollen
gunny and gunny cloth, not cotton
bagging, valued at not over 10
cts. per sq. yard
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
>>
same, valued over 10 cts. per sq.
yard
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 11/2
same, suitable for same uses as
cotton bagging, valued at not
over 7 cts. per sq. yard
same, suitable for same uses as
cotton bagging, valued over
7 cts. per sq. yard
4 cts. per lb.
per lb.
002
2 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 1
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 112
Free.
Free.
I
per sq.
yard
0 1 0 +35 per cent.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
25 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 0 5
+ 25 per cent.
11
25 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
valued above 40 cts. and not above
60 cts. per lb.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 10-
+ 35 per cent.
01 3
+35 per cent.

90
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Balmorals-
valued above 60 cts. and not above 40 cts. per lb. and
80 cts. per lb.
valued above 80 cts. per lb.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upɔn Quan-
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
35 per cent.
per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
0 i 8
per lb.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
+ 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
same, of any other material, duty
according to material.
Balmoral skirts and skirting, and
goods of similar description, or used for
like purposes, wholly or in part of wool,
worsted, hair of alpaca, goat, or other
like animals, made up or manufactured
wholly or in part by the tailor, seam-
stress, or manufacturer

Balsam, as cosmetic
Canada or fir
""
of capivi
Peruvian
>>
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
}
""
of Tolu -
used for medicinal purposes
Bamboo cloth
>>
99
Bananas.
reeds, manufactured in part
reeds, no further manufactured
than cut into suitable lengths
for walking sticks or canes, or
for umbrella, parasol, and sun-
shade sticks
unmanufactured
*See Damage on Fruit.
Banks or “straits" oil, so called, crude
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
refined, as medi-
cinal preparations -
Barbary gum
40 per cent.
Free.
Barbe noires, silk
Barège (according to material).
Barilla (impure carbonate of soda)
Bark, cork, manufactured
"
unmanufactured
Barks, viz.:- aconite, calisaya, canella
60 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
Free.
alba, cascarilla, all cinchona
barks, croton, hemlock, Lima,
oak, Peruvian, pomegranate,
quilla, sassafras, and all other
barks not otherwise provided for
Free.
= per lb.
| | | |
| | | | | |
111
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.

1
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
30 per cent.
*No allowance will be made for loss or decay on the voyage, unless the said loss shall exceed 25 per cent. of the quantity, and
the allowance then made shall be only for the amount of loss in excess of 25 per cent. of the whole quantity.

91
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
£ s.
per bush.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
= per lb.
01001
20 per cent.
1° 11° 11:
d.
20 per cent.
0 0 71/
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20
per cent.
Barks, all medicinal, crude, not otherwise
**
provided for -
same, not crude -
Barley, 48 lbs. to bushel
caustic, crude drug
patent
pearl or hulled
pulverized
Barometers, glass and metal (only 5 per
cent. of glass), as manufactures of glass
or philosophical apparatus
Barrels, American manufacture, if ex-
ported containing American
produce, and declaration be
made of intent to return the
same empty, under regula-
tions
**
>>
Barytes -
**
ex-
American manufacture,
ported filled with American
produce, or exported empty
and returned filled with
foreign produce, may be
returned to the United States
under regulations
as coverings of importations*
empty -
acetate or pyrolignite of
carbonate of
combinations of, with acids or
Free.
20 per cent.
15 cts. per bushel.
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
30 per cent.
ct. per lb.
وو
water
crude
nitrate of
sulphate of
1
40 per cent.
11
11 12
Js
per lb.
25 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
ct. per lb.
= per lb.
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
20 per cent.
0 0 01
0103
0 0 0
001/1/20
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
2
ct. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 01
*" Barrels of American manufacture exported filled, to be entitled to free entry on return, must be returned as barrels, and not as parts of
barrels, and must have the internal revenue mark erased at the expense of the importer, before delivery. If the hoops, heads, and staves of such
barrels are detached and returned as shooks,' they are dutiable."
A practice has obtained at some of the ports on the Canadian frontier of admitting free of duty barrels and bags of domestic manufacture which
have been exported empty and returned filled with the products of Canada. This practice is not warranted by law, inasmuch as the barrels and
bags are not returned in the same condition as when exported. They stand, therefore, upon the same footing as such articles of foreign manufac-
ture; and if the merchandise they contain is subject to ad valorem duty, the value of the sack or barrel should be added to the foreign value of the
merchandise to make the dutiable value. If the merchandise contained in them is subject to a specific duty, and the covering is of the kind in
which such merchandise is usually imported, then the covering will be free of duty.
The dutiable value of merchandise imported in packages, as a general rule, embraces the cost of the cask, box, bag, bottle, or other envelope or
covering, when so purchased; but when such is not the case, and the envelope or covering has been purchased, or furnished, separate from the
contents, the cost of such envelope or covering must be added to the value of the contents.
In case of unusual coverings, the facts are to be reported to the Department for its consideration and decision. This provision does not apply to
any such box, &c. containing goods paying strictly specific duties, provided the covering is not unusual, but such as is commonly used to protect
the description of goods contained in them.
In regard to sacks, boxes, &c. containing goods paying an ad valorem duty, duty should in all cases be assessed upon the value of the sack, box
or other covering at the same rate as is imposed by law upon the merchandise they contain; provided, as just above mentioned, the sack, box
or other covering is of the character in which such merchandise is usually imported.

92
Sik
dailysat
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
|
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s.
d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Baskets, and all other articles composed
of grass, osier, palm leaf, whale-
bone, or willow, not otherwise
provided for
same of straw
wood
Bas reliefs of terra-cotta
Bass mats
Bassoons
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
wood bark
30 per cent.
Baths, according to principal material
composing them.
Bath brick
20 per cent.
Battledores, as manufactures of wood
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
not otherwise provided for
Battley's sedative (Liq. Opii Sed.)
Bayonets
Bay leaves, oil of, essential
""
>>
or laurel berries
**
oil, fixed or expressed
rum essence or oil
rum or water, distilled spirits compo-
وو
nent of chief value
distilled from the leaf
or compounded, if
distilled spirits not
the component of chief
value, $1 per gall.
1st proof
And in proportion for
any greater strength.
Bay wax or myrtle wax
Bdellium gum
Bead necklaces
Beads, and bead ornaments
D
amber
Beam knives
Beams, scale, iron
99
wooden
Beans, castor, or castor seed, per bushel
of 50 lbs.
for seed
>>
St. John's
""
tonqua
vanilla
>>
$17 per lb.
Free.
20 cts. per Ib.
50 cts. per oz.
} $2 per proof gall. {
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
per lb.
3 12 11
= per lb.
0
0 10
= per oz.
0
2 1
per proof
gall.
0
8 4
$1 per gall.
= per gall.
0 4 2
20 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
Free.
45 per cent.
| | | | | | | |
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 cts. per bush.
per bush.
02 6
20 per cent,
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.

93**
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Bedscrews
Bedsides, according to material.
£ S. d.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
Beans, used as vegetables, not otherwise
provided for
Beds, feather
**
feathers and downs for
and mattresses, hair for, other than
hogs, curled
hogs, curled, for,
and not fit for
bristles -
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
Free.
""
moss, seaweed, and
all other vegetable
substances for
Free.
2 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 14
11
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
= per lb.
110
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 0 0/1/20
35 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0
15
20 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
0 10
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
1
10 per cent.
11
Bedspreads, or covers, of scraps of calico
sewed together -
Bedsteads, brass or iron
Beef
Beehives, according to material.
Beer, in bottles
otherwise than in bottles
Bees, swarms or plain hives of
Beeswax
Beet root ashes
**
>>
waste, for manufacture of paper
[sugar-beet] seeds
" sugar, machinery imported solely for
Beets
manufacture of
red essence of, as distilled spirits
Behen, or ben, medicinal root, crude
Belladonna, root and leaf
Bell metal, all*
Bells, church†
copper chief value ·
>>
>>
old or broken, and fit only to be
remanufactured
silver, German silver, or gold
Bellows and bellows pipes, according to
material.
$2 per proof gall. {
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
per proof
gall.
}0
8 4
11
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
* "Which ordinarily is composed of 78 parts of copper and 22 parts of tin." Parts of broken cannon imported as "old bronze
bell metal,"
" and differing materially from the alloy known as bell metal, were classified as "metal unmanufactured not otherwise
provided for."
†There is no law to authorise the free entry of bells and appurtenances, imported for the use of churches or other religious
societies.

94
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Beltings, wool, worsted, or mohair
Belts, or felts, endless, for paper or print-
ing machines
""
leather
Benzine or benzole
Benzoin or Benjamin, gum.
Benzoates
Benzoic acid
Bergamot oil
Berlin blue
Berries, flowers, nuts, plants, vegetables,
and other articles in a crude
state, used exclusively in dyeing
or in composing dyes, not
otherwise provided for
35
as fruit, not otherwise provided for
juniper
laurel
Bessemer metal, as steel.
railway bars
Beverages, spirituous
as granulated effervescent
preparations of citrate
of soda, lemonade, gin-
ger beer, &c. -
Bezoar stones
Bibles
Bicarbonate of soda
""
of potash
same, as medicinal preparation
Bichromate of potash
Bick irons Wh
Bicycles, iron
"
steel
Billiard balls
chalk
Binding, cotton
leather.
silk
19
silk and cotton
Binding, wool, worsted, or mohair
{
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
£
S.
d.
I
per lb.
0 2 1
35 per cent.
= per lb.
+ 50 per cent.
0 0 10 +35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 cts. per gall.
= per gall.
0 18
Free.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
Free.
Free.
14 cts. per lb.
$2 per proof gall.
20 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
1 cts. per lb.
11 cts. per lb.
40 per cent.
4 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
| | | |
= per
100 lb.
= per ton.
= per proof
gall.
}
0 5 24
5 16 8
}0 8 4
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
|| ||
= per
per lb.
= per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 2
1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1……………│La
25 per cent.
0 0 03
0 0 03/2
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45
per
cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35
per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
0 2 1 +50 per cent.
}
per lb.

95
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English.
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Bird pepper
skins, dressed
imported for millinery purposes,
being the entire skins, with
plumage, bills, and feet of
small birds, temporarily
stuffed, &c. for preservation
during voyage, dutiable as
crude ornamental feathers
5 cts. per lb.
20 per cent.
= per lb.
།
£ S. d.
0 0 21/0
20 per cent.
Birds, singing, or other
stuffed
**
Biscuits
Biscuit machinery, according to prin-
cipal material composing it.
Bismuth -
""
39
oxide of -
subnitrate of
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Bits, polished, as saddlery
except for saddlery, as manufactures
of steel
Bitter apples
Bitters containing spirits
Bitumen, as pitch
Bituminous and mineral substances in a
crude state, not otherwise
provided for
coal, per ton of 28 bushels
of 80 lbs. each
Blacking, of all descriptions
Black lead (plumbago)
>>
same, mixed with large quan-
tities of earth, slate, and
shaly substances
dust or powder, manufactured
pots, of sand and clay
powder
Black, Frankfort
**
lamp
""
of bone or ivory drop black
salts of potash
Blacksmiths' hammers and sledges
Black tares
Bladders, manufactures of
crude
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
$2 per proof gall. {
| | | |
| | | |
1
=per proof
gall.
}
| | 11
11
084
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
75 cts. per ton
per ton
0 3 11
30 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
25 per
cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
21 cts. per lb.
Free.
30 per cent.
Free.
Ang
| | | | | | | |
= per lb.
| 1
30 per cent.
20 r
per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
0 0 11/
30 per cent.

96
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A..
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 11/
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
| | |
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
+35 per cent.
Bladders, manufactured in part -
Blades, sword
for pocket knives
Blanc fixé
20 per cent.
Blank books
copying books
labels
Blanketing, machine*
Blankets wholly or in part of wool,
worsted, the hair of the
alpaca, goat, or other animals
valued at 40 cts. or less per
lb.-
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
}
= per lb.
0 0 10
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 0 10
+35 per cent.
bably 12 peretet 1
valued above 40 cts., and not 30 cts. per lb. and
above 60 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
= per lb.
01 3
+35 per cent.
valued above 60 cts., and not 40 cts. per lb. and
above 80 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
= per lb.
018
+35 per cent.
""
valued above 80 cts. per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
= per
per lb.
= per lb.
0 2 1
+ 35 per cent.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1
+35 per cent.
::
Bleaching
gentionella, as manufacture of
wool
plush, woollen, or railway rugs
powder (chloride of lime)
Blocks, viz.: last, wagon, oar, gun, head-
ing, and all like blocks or sticks, rough
hewn or sawed only
Same, otherwise than rough-hewn
or sawed
Blood, dried
dragons'
Blue, Berlin
Chinese
" fig-
,, Prussian, dry or moist
wash
99
Blue galls (Nutgalls)
Blue mass
vitriol
www.
铤
​..
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
✰ cts. per lb.
Board nails, iron, cut
""
wrought
1
1
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
=
13 cts. per lb.
21 cts. per lb.
per 15.
per lb.
per lb.
0
0 2
O
090323
0 0 14
*This is liable to the same rate of duty as belts for machines. (See page 94.)
97
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Boards, sawed
Boats, life, and life-saving apparatus,
specially imported by societies
incorporated or established to en-
courage the saving of human life
for American vessels engaged in
frontier trade
>>
Bobbinet, cotton
Bobbin wire, covered
Bocking, printed, coloured, or otherwise
Bodkins (according to material).
Bog oak or bog oak jewellery (imitation of jet)
Boilers, iron
steel
Boiler or other plates not thinner than ths
{
$1 per 1,000 feet
board measure.
Free.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
pays 5 cts. per lb. in
addition to the rates
on iron wire.
25 cts. per sq. yard
and 35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
£ S.
d.
= per
1,000 feet
}
042
I
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
=persq.yd. 0 1 0 + 35 per cent.
| | |
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
3
16
of an inch
1½ cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0002
not otherwise pro-
vided for
$25 per ton
= per ton
>>
flues, wrought iron
Bole armeniac, a cosmetic
Bologna sausages
Bolting cloths
Bolt rope, tarred, as cordage tarred
31 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
542
0 0 12
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 11/2
1110
50 per cent.
**
""
untarred, as cordage untarred,
other than manilla
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 12
Bolts, brass*
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
for railroads. See Note to railroad
chairs (page 257)
21 cts. per lb.
wrought iron
21 cts. per lb.
per 1
100 lb.
= per
100 lb.
0 10 5

0 10 5
other, of iron
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
for fastening doors, &c., according
to material
rivet or screw, iron, wrought
Bone or ivory dice, draughts, chessmen,
chess-balls, and bagatelle balls
21 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 11
11
50 per cent.
or ivory drop black
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
25 per cent.
* Bolts for railways and bolts of wrought iron subject to duty of 117. 13s. 4d. per ton. Bolts of brass and of iron, other than
wrought iron, 351. for every 100%, of their declared value. (See also note (p. 219) to Metal Sheathing.)
36247.
G
98
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Bone dust and bone ash for manufacture
of phosphates and fertilizers
Bone, manufactures of, not otherwise pro-
vided for
Bones, burned or steamed
**
crude and not manufactured ;
bones ground or calcined
Bonnets, hats, and hoods, for men, women,
and children, of chip, grass,
palm leaf, willow, or any other
vegetable substance, or hair,
whalebone, or other material
not otherwise provided for
of silk
of straw
braids, plaits, flats, laces, trim-
mings, tissues, willow sheets
and squares, used for making
or ornamenting hats, bonnets,
and hoods, composed of chip,
grass, palm leaf, willow, or any
other vegetable substance,
whalebone, or of other ma-
terial, not otherwise provided
for
of hair
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
""
of straw
22
of sparterre
30 per cent.
Free.
Bookbinders' agates
20 per cent.
Books,* all, bound or unbound, maps and
charts
25 per cent.
£ s. d.
1
| ||
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
**Books exported and bound abroad are liable to duty on their full value on their return. The assessment of duty cannot be
restricted to the value of the binding done abroad.

“Books and tracts imported for distribution are subject to duty.
"A distinction is made between books imported in good faith, to be used by Sunday Schools (which do not pay any duty),
and books imported for distribution among the scholars thereof (which are subject to the ordinary rate of 25 per cent.). In the
one case, the books remain the property of the Schools; in the other they become the property of the scholars." [But see
Treasury Regulations of 1857, p. 598, where a different decision is made as to books imported for distribution among the
students of a college as premiums.]
Books imported by religious societies for distribution do not come within this provision.
Bibles and other books imported in good faith for the use of Sunday schools in the United States admitted free of duty on
requisite proof. But if for distribution among the scholars, they are subject to duty.
99
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S.
d.
Books, blank copying
>>
>>
፧፡
as household effects or libraries,
or parts of libraries, in use of
persons and families from
foreign countries, if used abroad
by them at least one year and
not intended for any other per-
son or persons, and not for sale
as personal effects of persons
arriving in the United States,
"not merchandise," and not ex-
ceeding in value what is usual
for a person to carry with him
for actual use
professional, of persons arriving
in the United States
blank memorandum, with fine
leather covers, elastic band
fastening, &c., as manufactures
of leather not otherwise pro-
vided for
*(not more than two copies in any
one invoice) specially imported
in good faith, for the use or
by the order of any academy,
college, school, or seminary of
learning, or for the use of any
society incorporated or esta-
blished for philosophical, liter-
ary, or religious purposes, or
for the encouragement of the
fine arts
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
1
1
1
25 per cent.
35 per cent.

Printed music, in books or otherwise, is not entitled to free entry when imported for the use of any legally incorporated
institution or society.
Exemption not restricted to single copies of books.
"Books invoiced as 'metallic memorandum books, or metallic books with flap and band.' containing a few blank leaves
between covers of leather, one of the covers having a flap, and containing a pocket for money or papers, the chief material being
leather, are not to be regarded as 'blank books,' but as manufactures of leather not otherwise provided for.'"
So blank books with leather covers, pocket pencil, metal clasp, and blank leaves, are classified as manufactures of leather, metal,
and paper, not otherwise provided for.
Tracts and pamphlets consigned to one for free distribution in his travels as an evangelist, are dutiable.
Books sent out of the United States to be bound, are liable to duty on their full value on their return.
* By the words "two copies in any one invoice," is meant two copies of each publication so invoiced.
G 2
100
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S. d.
Books, maps and charts for Library of Con-
gress, or for use of the United
States, provided the duty be
not included in the price paid
moveable picture
>>
printed and manufactured more
than 20 years at the date of
importation -
Boot fronts, as manufactures of leather,
not otherwise provided for
lacings or lacets, as cotton laces
Boots and shoes, india-rubber
99
The same, with felted linings
The same, leather
The same, felt leather, being in
part wool
The same, silk
bootees, shoes, slippers and gaiters,
cloth lastings, &c., woven, made
or cut for, duty same as if for
other purposes.
Borate of lime -
Borax or tincal, crude
refined
29
Boring tools, steel
Bort*
Botany, specimens of, models or imitations
of, in papier mâché
Bottles, glass, not cut
cut
containing brandy and other
spirituous liquors †
Free.
25 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
|| | || | ||
35 per cent.
f
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
}
per lb.
60 per cent.
Free.
Free.
10 cts. per lb.
45 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
60 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 5
11011
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
111
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
3 cts. each.
= per 100
0 12 6
"
or jars, glass, filled with sweet-
meats or preserves
containing other articles.
Bougies (according to material).
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.

Bouillons or cannetille, and metal threads,
filé or gespinst-
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
* Diamonds that are unfit (from imperfection) for jewellery are sold under the technical name of bort. They are crushed and
used by lapidaries, the splinters being made into drills for piercing excessively hard substances.
This is in addition to the duty leviable on the brandy, &c. which the bottle contains. (See page 102 et seq.)
101
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Boxes, sacks and covering of any kind,
containing goods paying an ad
valorem duty are subject to the
same rate of duty on their value
as the goods they contain, pro-
vided they are of the character
of the coverings in which such
goods are usually imported.
musical* -
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English.
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
30 per cent.
fancy, not otherwise provided for
of gold and silver
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
**
japanned -
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
paper
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
papier mâché
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
of cedar and other precious woods
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
sheil
**
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
tin
>>
35 per cent.
35 per cent...
wood
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
packing, of wood
30 per cent.
30 per cent..
Box-wood
Free.
Bracelets, if jewellery
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
>>
jet, gold mounted
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
hair
Braces or suspenders, cotton
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
>>
wholly or partly of
india-rubber
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
leather
silk
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
smiths' or carpenters', without bits
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
with bits
>>
45 per cent.
45 per cent..
Brackets (according to material).
Brads, iron, cut, not over 16 oz. to the
19
99
1,000
exceeding 16 oz. to the
1,000
21 cts. per 1,000.
= per 1,000 0 0 11
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0011
Braid sennit, as manufactures of coir
Braids, cotton
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
| 35 per cent.
**
for making or ornamenting bon-
nets, hats, &c.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
hair
>>
35 per cent.
silk
>>
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
* "A bird musical box, being a gold snuff box with a musical attachment, held to be a manufacture of gold, and liable to duty
accordingly."
102
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.

Braids, wool, worsted, or mohair
{
Brandy
Brass, in bars or pigs*
>>
clippings -
manufactures of
old, and fit only to be re-manu-
factured
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
$2 per proof gall.
15 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
15 per cent.
99
sheathing metal, old, fit only for
re-manufacture -
15 per cent.
sheet
憖
​35 per cent.
Brazil or cream nuts
Free.
paste
Free.
pebbles, for spectacles, rough
wood and brazilletto in sticks
Free.
Free.
Bread
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
= per lb.
£ S. d.
2
0 2 1
+ 50 per cent.
per proof
gall.
0 8 4
15 per cent.
| | |
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
15 per cent.
| | | | |
baskets, japanned -
silver
Breccia, in blocks or slabs
Bremen blue
Brewing machinery, according to prin-
cipal material composing it.
Bricks
fire
Bridles and bridle bits, as saddlery
Brilliants, classified with jeans. See Cot-
tons.
Brime
Brimstone, crude
40 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
| | |
Free.
Free.
in rolls, or refined
$10 per ton
per ton
2
Bristles -
15 cts. per lb.
per lb.
1 8
0 0
71
>>
imitation of, made of whalebone
or other similar substances
20 per cent.
99
perforated
22
lustre, or black lead
Bristol boards
,, stones
Britannia ware
metal, old, and fit only to be
re-inanufactured
British gum, or dextrine
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
| | | | |
| ||
* See note to Metal Sheathing, page 219.
15 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
103
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
铅
​Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Bromide of potassium, medicinal prepa-
ration
Bromine
Bronze busts and casts, specially imported
for academies, philosophical and
other societies, &c.
casts of, specially imported in good
faith for the use of any society
or institution incorporated or
established for philosophical,
educational, scientific, or literary
purposes, or encouragement of
the fine arts, and not intended
for sale
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
**
metal, in leaf
10 per cent.
powder (copper not chief value)
10 per cent.
liquor
10 per cent.
manufactures of
35 per cent.
Brooms, of all kinds
35 per cent.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
A.
£
S.
d.
1 1
1
B.
40 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
021 35 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
Brown crystals, so called, as aniline dyes {
50 cts. per Ib. and
35 per cent.
**
grease, so called, as animal oils
20 per cent.
Spanish -
25 per cent.
Hollands, value not over 30 cts.

per sq. yard-
35 per cent.
>>
>>
value over 30 cts. per
sq. yard
40 per cent.
Brucine, medicinal preparation
Brushes, of all kinds excepting toys
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
梦梦
​miniature, for dolls, as chil-
dren's toys
Buchu leaves
Buckwheat (42 lbs. to bushel)
Buffalo robes
Bugles
50 per cent.
Free.
Buckles (according to material).
10 per cent.
>>
glass, as beads
""
other, as trimmings
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
{
Bugs, dried
Building stones, except marble
Bulbous roots
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
Free.
$11 per ton
30 per cent.
II I
1
111
14
per lb.
0 2 1
...
= per ton
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
+50 per cent.
06 3
30 per cent.
104

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Bull's eyes, glass
Bullion, gold and silver
Bullrushes
Bunion or corn plasters, of wool
Bunting*
Burgundy pitch -
Burlaps -
Burning fluid
Burr stones, manufactured or bound up
99
into millstones in any manner
stones, in blocks, rough or unmanu-
factured and not bound up into
millstones
stones, known as "skeleton stones,"
manufactured, but not bound up
Busts, specially imported, for academies,
learned and other societies, &c.
Butter† -
Buttons, and button moulds of all kinds,
except as below
>>
convex linen, so called, made of
linen and brass, brass chief
value
cuff and sleeve, if not jewellery
(dutiable according to mate-
rial, as personal ornaments,
without reduction)..
cuff and sleeve, mother-of-pearl
iron, not cuff or sleeve
cuff or sleeve, of glass, cannot
be classed as buttons
and ornaments for dresses and
outside garments, made of silk,
or of which silk is chief value,
no wool, worsted, or goat's hair
or barrel buttons, or buttons of
other forms for tassels or orna-
ments, of wool, worsted or mo-
hair-
$
35 per cent.
Free.
$15 per ton
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
20 cts. per sq.yd. and
35 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
to
S.
d.
35 per cent.
per ton.
3 2 6
= per lb.
021 + 35 per cent.
pr.sq.yd. 0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
Ila
30 per cent.
50 cts. per gall.
= per gall.
0 2 1
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free
4 cts. per lb.
=
per lb.
002
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
*.3
1
1
1
1
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1
+ 50 per cent.

* As flags are not mentioned in the tariff, it would appear that the duty is the same whether the goods are made up or sold by
the piece.
† Butter become valueless in a public store, claimed to be admitted to entry as "soap grease," not allowed.
105

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Buttons, lasting, mohair cloth, silk twist,
**
or other manufacture of cloth,
woven or made in patterns of
such size, shape and form, or
cut in such manner as to be fit
for buttons, exclusively, not
combined with india rubber
silk, or silk component of chief
value, containing no wool,
worsted, or goat's hair
mother-of-pearl, with
eyes and shanks
vegetable ivory
Butts, cast iron
other (according to material).
10 per cent.
60 per cent.
metal
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
1
£ s.
d.
per
}
100 lb. f
C.
Cabinet ware, finished
35 per cent.
>>
in pieces, or rough and not
finished -
30 per cent.
Free.
>>
35 per cent.
Free.
woods, unmanufactured
manufactures of, not other-
wise provided for
Cabinets, of coins, medals, and all other
collections of antiquities
specimens of natural history,
mineralogy, and botany, when
imported for, as objects of taste
or science, and not for sale
Cable chains, broken, rusty or old, unfit
for use (dutiable as "scrap iron," but not
so if fit for use as such by repairs).
Cables, or cable chains, and parts of
or cordage, tarred
manilla, untarred
all other, untarred
Cacao (“cocoa”) crude
Cachous, aromatic
prepared or manufac-
tured
Free.
2 cts. per lb.
50 per cent.
1
裕
​10 per cent.
60 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
0 10 5
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
21 cts. per lb.
3 cts. per lb.
24 cts. per lb.
31 cts. per lb.
Free.
per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
= pér lb.
0 0 14
0
0 1/
0
0 0
0 0 13
4
| | | | |

**
per lb.
001
50 per cent.
106
2
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Cadmium
Cajeput, oil of
Calamine
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
| | | |
12 cts. per lb.
per lb.
006
20 per cent.
Calamus root, peeled, crude drug
Calcined magnesia
Calcium, chloride of
Calf skins, tanned, or tanned and dressed -
Calisaya bark
Calomel
Calx (lime)
Cambrics, as cottons.
Camels' hair, cleaned or uncleaned, but
not manufactured
" pencils
25 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
shawls
""
Cameos, set in gold, silver, or other metal
""
not set
in frames of material other than
metal
imitation of, set
梦​”
not set
Camera tubes, brass and glass, as manu-
factures of glass not otherwise provided
for
Camphor, crude -
#
| | | |
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
{
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb and
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
| | |
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
refined
""
Camomile flowers
Camwood, in sticks
Canary seed
5 cts. per lb.
11
per lb.
0 0 21
Free.
Free.
Free.
weed
Candles and tapers, stearine and adaman-
Free.
1 1 1 1 9 | 1
1
tine
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 21/0
and tapers, spermaceti, paraffine
and wax, pure or mixed
8 cts. per lb.
21 cts. per lb.
= per
per lb.
per lb.
0
0 4
0 0
11
and tapers, all other
Candlesticks (according to material).
Canella Alba, bark
Canes and sticks, for walking, finished or
>>
not
and sticks, for walking, in the
rough, or no further manufactured
than cut into suitable lengths
Cannetille
Cannon, iron
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
1 11
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.


107
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Cannon, brass
Cantharides, or Spanish flies
Canton crapes
Canvas (other than sail canvas), valued at
not over 30 cts. per sq. yard
(other than sail canvas), valued at
over 30 cts. per sq. yard
35 per cent.
Free.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
for buttons
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
Canvas paddings, valued at not over 30
cts. per sq. yard
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
>>
valued at over 30 cts.
per sq. yard -
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
梦梦
​**
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
or duck for sails
>>
if cotton
floor cloth or oil-cloth foundations,
of flax, jute or hemp, or of which
either shall be the component
material of chief value
Cape of Good Hope,* goods of the pro-
duce east of, imported from places
west of, subject to extra duty of
gum
Capers, all, not otherwise provided for -
Caps, of whatever material composed, worn
by men, women, or children, not
otherwise provided for (except
silk or linen), made up or made
wholly or in part by hand
40 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
40 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
* The Treasury Department holds " that by countries beyond the Cape of Good Hope' is meant all countries with which we carry on commercial
“intercourse by means of vessels passing by or around the Cape of Good Hope in a westerly direction when sailing to this country, and which in
the ordinary course of navigation are reached from here and from England by vessels passing by or around the Cape of Good Hope eastwardly;
and that all goods, wares, and merchandise of the growth or produce of countries beyond the Cape of Good Hope, when imported from places
this side of the Cape of Good Hope, are subject to the additional duty of 10 per cent., unless their character, quality, and condition be entirely
changed by manufacture or otherwise. For example, Manilla hemp, if manufactured into cordage in England, would not on the importation of
said cordage into this country be subject to the additional duty of 10 per cent.; in such a case its distinctiveness as hemp would be merged in
its new condition."
Jute butts, originally shipped from Calcutta for the United States, but landed and sold at Bermuda and thence imported to the United States,
held to be subject to discriminating duty.
Also, a cargo of tea, originally shipped at China for Montreal, but which on arrival there at its destination, changed to New York, and was
shipped thence without breaking bulk.
Also, crude camphor, imported from east of the Cape, refined here; exported to Canada, and then re-imported.
Also, opium, the product of Persia, imported to the United States from London, although taken to London via the Suez Canal, Persia coming
within the meaning of the statutory words " east of the Cape," &c., according to prior decisions holding those words to mean such countries as are
ordinarily reached in commercial intercourse by sailing round the Cape.
But otherwise as to sugar imported from Liverpool but being the product of Egypt, lying east of the meridian of the Cape, but not ordinarily
reached by sailing round the Cape.
Goods, the production of countries beyond the Cape of Good Hope, coming from places this side, which they have reached by overland route, &c.
are not liable to the additional ten per centum duty.'
Essential oils, the product of countries east of the "Cape," when rectified in and imported from countries west thereof, are liable to the dis-
criminating duty.
If the papers presented at the custom house by the importor show that the goods were originally destined for the United States, and that their
arrival at and transhipment in the country west of the Cape were only an incident in the voyage of importation, the discriminating duty would
not apply, the voyage being considered continuous.
108
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declare
Value.
B.
£
S. d.
Caps, chip, &c. as hats of same material
""
""
linen
fur
leather
made on frames, of whatever mate-
rial composed (except silk or
linen) not otherwise provided for
silk, or silk chief value
wool, worsted, or goats' hair, not
knit
wool, worsted, or goats' hair, knit,
as woollen knit goods, viz. :-
valued at not over 40 cts. per ib.
valued at over 40 and not over 60 cts. per
lb.
valued at over 60 and not over 80 cts. per
lb.
valued at over 80 cts. per
lb.
Capsules, Learned's charcoal
Caraway, oil and seed
Carbines
Carbolic acid, as a disinfectant
""
for chemical or manufac-
turing purposes
dry or other, medicinal
liquid, pure
Carbon, animal, crude
bisulphate and bisulphide of
pure
Carboys, empty, as manufacture of glass
[containing acids shall be sub-
ject to the same duty as if
empty].
American, if exported con-
taining American produce,
and declaration be made of
intent to return same empty
under regulations
as coverings to importations*.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
}
*See also note to Barrels, p. 91.
1
= per
per lb.
= per lb.
= per lb.
= per lb.
= per
per lb.
1
| | | |
|| a
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
0 2 1 +40 per cent.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
0 1 3 + 35 per cent.
0 1 8 +35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
1
11111
11
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.


109
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Carbuncles, not set
set
Card cases, of whatever material composed
not otherwise provided for
Cardamom seeds
Cardboard
Cardigan jackets, cuffs, &c. wholly or
partly wool -
Carding machinery, chiefly of iron, with
an insignificant portion of wool,
as a manufacture of iron not
otherwise provided for
Cards, blank
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
£
S. d.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
021 35
+ 35 per cent.
playing, costing over 25 cts. per
pack
35 per cent.
=
35 per cent.
>>
playing, costing not over 25 cts.
per pack
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 cts per pack.
per pack 0 101
35 cts. per pack.
=per pack
0151
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
printed picture -
wool and cotton, part iron
wool and cotton, part steel
Carmine and carmine lake
Carpeting, Angola, so-called two-ply in-
grain, of wool, grass, and
cotton, as two-ply carpets -
cork, so-called, of thin cork,
with a few threads of hemp
pasted on one side, for
strengthening, dutiable as
manufactures of cork
Aubusson and Axminster
woven whole for rooms
Brussels, printed on the warp or
otherwise
Brussels, tapestry, printed on
the warp or otherwise *
Brussels, wrought by the Jac-
quard machine
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
12 cts. per sq. yd.
and 35 per cent.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
28 cts. per sq. yd.
and 35 per cent.
28 cts. per sq. yd.
and 35 per cent.
44 cts. per sq. yd.
}
=per sq.yd. 0 0 6 + 35 per cent.
3
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
persq.yd.
0 1 2
+35 per cent.
per sq.yd.
0
and 35 per cent.
per sq.yd.
0
8 cts. per sq. yd.
per sq. yd.
Saxony, Wilton, and Tournay
velvet, wrought by the Jac-
quard machine
70 cts. per sq. yd.
and 35 per cent.
per sq.yd.
0 2 11
2 11 + 35 per cent.
hemp or jute
1 2 + 35 per cent.
1 10
1 10 + 35 per cent.
004
*These goods being but yard in width, 100 yards would only be liable to duty as 75 square yards, which at 1s. 2d. would
41. 7s. 6d. in addition to 351. for every 1001. of the declared value.
110
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
£
S.
d.
Carpeting, treble ingrain, three-ply, and 17 cts. per sq. yd.
>>
>>
>>
worsted chain Venetian
velvet, patent and tapestry,
printed on the warp or other-
wise
yarn, Venetian and two-ply
in grain
flax or other material not other-
wise provided for
of wool or cotton or of parts of
either, not otherwise provided
for
druggets and bockings, woven
[hassocks, rugs, screens, mats,
bedsides, covers, &c., pay
duty as carpetings of like de-
scription.]
felt
Carpet yarns, so styled, composed of
wool waste, cowhair, &c.,
dutiable as woollen yarns, to
wit:
valued at not over 40 cts. per lb.
{
40 cts. per sq. yd.
and 35 per cent.
12 cts. per sq. yd.
and 35 per cent.
and 35 per cent.
}
=per sq. yd. 008+ 35 per cent.
}
=persq.yd.
0 1 8 + 35 per cent.
}
=per sq.yd.
006 + 35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
and 35 per cent.
}
=per sq.yd. 0 1 0 + 35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 cts. per sq. yd.
40 per cent.
1
40 per cent.
valued at over 60 and not over 80 cts. per
lb.
valued at over 40 and not over 60 cts. per
lb.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
=per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
=per lb.
0
1 3 + 35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
=per lb.
0
18+ 35 per cent.
99
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
Carriages, and parts of
hardware and furniture for
Cars, American built, repairs to, in a
foreign country -
Canadian, built in Canada and
brought to the United States to
be used only in the through busi-
ness between Canada and the
pha w United States internationally
Cartridges, bulletted, as
caps
Carts (wood and iron)
Carvers, as cutlery
Free.
percussion
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
=per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35
per
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
cent.
1
11:1
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.

111
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Cascarilla bark
Cashmere shawls
Cassimere
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Free.
£
S.
d.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
per lb.
021
+ 40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 I
+ 35 per cent.
Casks and barrels, manufactured in
United States, if exported con-
taining American produce, and
declaration be made of intent to
return same empty under regu-
lations
as coverings to importations*
empty, not otherwise provided for -
Cassava, or cassada, tapioca
Cassia and cassia vera
Free.
Free.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0
0 5
>>
ground
buds
20 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0
0 10
35
Castana, or castanea nuts, as nuts not
otherwise provided for
20 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0
0 10
2 cts. per lb.
Casters, or cruets, not in the stands, cut
>>
or ornamented
plain
liquor stands, &c., according to
material.
furniture, according to material.
Castings of iron, not otherwise provided
99
for
of plaster
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
per lb.
001
1
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35
per cent.
35 per cent.
| ||
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
Castor or castoreum
**
beans or seeds (per bushel of 50
lbs.)† -
oil
Cast steel tires
Casts of marble, bronze, alabaster, or
plaster of Paris, specially im-
ported in good faith for the use
of any society or institution in-
corporated or established
philosophical, educational, scien-
tific or literary purposes, or en-
couragement of the fine arts, and
not intended for sale
for
* See also note to Barrels, p. 91.
60 cts. per bushel.
1 ct. per gall.
per bush.
per gall.
0
2 6
0 0 01
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
1

If the beans are in the pod, an allowance may be made for the weight of the pods as tare.
112
- Rawwk
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S.
d.
Catechu, or cutch
Catches (according to material).
Catgut or whipgut, unmanufactured
Catsup
strings of, or gut cord, for musical
instruments
or whip gut strings for other
purposes
Cattle not otherwise provided for
specially imported for breeding
purposes
>>
the property of immigrants
brought for purposes of exhibition,
if not sold and re-exported
within six months are admitted
under regulations
Cauliflowers in salt or brine
Caulking mallets, as manufactures of
wood not otherwise provided for
Caustic soda
Cayenne pepper -
Cedar wood
99
boards, unmanufactured, for cigar
boxes (not cabinet wood) clas-
sified as common lumber
wood, Spanish, so called (not
cabinet wood)
fence posts and telegraph poles,
unmanufactured,
round
logs and posts, round and unmanu-
factured
Celery seed
Cellar machinery (according to material).
Cement, Portland
Free.
Free.
Free.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
| |
1
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
1 cts.
cts. per lb.
= per lb.
10 cts. per lb.
Free.
= per lb.
$2 per 1,000 feet board
measure.
20 per cent.
1 1 1
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
0 0 03
005
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
= per
1,000 feet.
08 4
20 per cont.
other than
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent,
Roman
Cenne oil
20 per cent.
20 per cent.

30 cts. per gall.
per gall. 0 1 3
Chains, gold or silver, if jewellery
25 per cent.
if not jewellery -
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
all others that are jewellery
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
cable, or parts thereof
21 cts. per lb.
=per 100
lb.
0 10 5

113
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Chains, cable, broken, rusty, or old,
unfit for use, dutiable as "scrap-
iron;" but not so if fit for use
as such by repairs
>>
PROVIDED, that no chains
made of wire or rods of a
diameter less than
an
inch, shall be considered
a chain cable.
curb, polished as saddlery
iron fence, halter, trace and
other, made of wire or rods,
not less than 1 inch in dia-
meter
4
$8 per ton
per ton
1 13 4
35 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
per 100
lb.
0 10 5
as above, less than inch in
diameter and not under No. 9,
wire gauge
3 cts. per lb.
= per 1001
lb.
0 12 6
>>
as above, under No. 9, wire
gauge
35 per cent.
hair
35 per cent.
steel, if neither jewellery nor per-
sonal ornaments -
45 per cent.
60 per cent.
**
36247.
watch, silk
other (according to material).
PROVIDED, that all wire rope
and wire strand or chain
made of iron wire, either
bright, coppered, galvanised,
or coated with other metals,
shall pay the same rate of
duty that is now levied on
the iron wire of which said
rope or strand or chain is
made; and all wire rope
and wire strand or chain
made of steel wire, either
bright, coppered, galvanised,
or coated with other metals,
shall pay the same rate of
duty that is now levied on
the steel wire of which said
rope or strand or chain is
made.
.:
$
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
60 per cent.
H

114
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan.
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Chairs, sitting, wood, as manufactures of
wood not otherwise provided for
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Chalk, billiard
50 per cent.
red and French
20 per cent.
unmanufactured
Free.
white
Free.
all, not otherwise provided for
25 per cent.
Chambery Blanch, as silk
Champagne. See Liquors.
Chamomile flowers
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.

25 per cent.
60 per cent.
Free.
Chamois skins, as
skins, dressed and
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
(C
finished," not otherwise provided for
Chandeliers (according to material).
Charcoal
capsules
Charts and maps
(not more than two copies in any
one invoice) specially imported
in good faith, for the use or by
the order of any academy, col-
lege, school, or seminary of
learning, or for the use of any
society incorporated or esta-
blished for philosophical, lite-
rary, or religious purposes, or
for the encouragement of the
fine arts*
Chatelaines, metal attachments to ladies'
belts for carrying parasols, &c., dutiable.
as jewellery

Cheese
Free.
25 per cent.
""
grated
4 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
99
if in glass bottles, same are dutiable
as such
4 cts. per lb.
per lb.
1
0 0 2
002
25 per cent.
Chemical preparations, not otherwise pro-
"
vided for
used chiefly in
medicines
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
purposes, acids used for
Chemisettes, silk
Free.
60 per cent.
1
111
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
* This does not include like articles imported by other parties and purchased from them while in bond, by or for colleges,
sehools, &c.

115
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Chenille cords or trimmings, cotton, as
Cheroots
cotton manufactures, not other-
wise provided for
cords or trimmings, silk
Also, internal revenue tax of
Chessmen and chess balls, ivory or bone
same, if wood
Chest handles (according to material).
Chestnuts
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
$24 per lb. and
25 per cent.
$6 per 1,000
=
11
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
}
per lb.
per 1,000
0 10 5
+ 25 per cent.
1 5
0
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Chicle, gum
Chicory paste
2 cts. per lb.
Free.
= per lb.
001
5 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0
0
21
root, ground or unground
burnt or prepared -
Children's rattles, silver or other, as toys
Chili peppers, unground
1 ct. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 0
5 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 21
1 1 1 1 1
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0
0 21
>>
ground
Chimney pieces, of slate
marble
10 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0
0 5
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
China clay or kaoline
porcelain, and Parian ware, plain
white, and not decorated in any
manner
$5 per ton
per ton
1 0 10
45 per cent.
porcelain and Parian ware, gilded,
ornamented, or decorated in any
manner
50 per cent.
Free.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
手
​root
Chinchards (or chinches) in oil, as sar-
dines in oil
Chinese blue
pea-nut oil
wax
Chinotti or Eve's apples, as confectionery.
Chip bonnets, &c.
99
braids, &c. -
Chisels, as manufactures of steel
Chloral hydrate -
Chlorbarium, barytes with acid or water
or chloride of barium, or
salt, barium, and chlorine
22
Chloride of lime -
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
11 11
50 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent,
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb. 0 0 11/
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
H 2

116
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ $.
d.

Chlorine
Chlorometers, part glass
Chloroform
Chlorure d'oxide de sodium, or liqueur
disinfectante de Labarraque
Chocolate
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
$1 per lb.
per lb.
0 4 2
20 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
>>
prepared as confectionery
50 per cent.
Chondrometers
40 per cent.
Chromate of potash
4 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 2
Chrome-yellow
25 per cent.
Chromo-lithographs
1011011
20 per cent.
0 0 21/0
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Chronometers, box or ship's, and parts
thereof*
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
Cider
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
}
per lb.
0 10 5
+ 25 per cent.
Chrysolite, crude mineral
Church furniture,† according to material.
Churns, according to material.
Cicuta, conia, extract of -

99
or hemlock seed and leaf
Cigarette papers, in sheets and reams.
Cigarettes, asthma, medicinal preparation
Cigars, cigarettes, and cheroots of all kinds,t
paper cigars and cigarettes in-
cluding wrappers, being subject
to the same duties as cigars
40 per cent.
$21 per lb. and
25 per cent.
* "Empty chronometer boxes liable to duty as manufactures of wood at 35 per cent."
So of church organs, and of cloth imported for a church or charitable association, and gas fixtures for a church.
So of a memorial tablet of marble and brass to be placed in a church.
Caen stone font and six brass flower vases for a church held dutiable.
An altar and appendages, a gift to an academy, held dutiable. Also painted windows for churches. And bells for churches.
And a clock imported for the tower of a cathedral. And candlesticks, church ornaments, &c. So also of glass intended to be used
for constructing a telescope for a seminary of learning; but held that a finished telescope imported for that purpose would be free.
A marble altar with statuary carved thereon, and imported for a convent, refused free entry as not embraced in the term
statuary" in this clause, but dutiable as a manufacture of marble.
Paintings on glass for churches, free.
The term "Regalia," as used in this clause, was, September 30, 1864, ruled by the Department to be "confined to articles
worn on the persons of priests and others officiating, or used by hand in the performance of their ceremonies." A silver com-
munion service imported for a church was held to be exempt as "regalia."
This term does not include brown frieze cloth still in the piece though designed for the manufacture of priests' gowns, but is
limited as above.
Nor cords with tassels for trimming altars or pulpits.
But contra as to altar cloths.
An altar lamp imported for a church is not considered "regalia," nor is a brass lectern. Paintings imported for churches or
religious institutions after June 22, 1874, are not exempt from duty.
† Cheroots and cigarettes must be imported (the same as cigars) in quantities not less than 3,000, and packed in boxes as pre-
scribed in the case of cigars, but in no case over 500 in a single box.

117
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Cigars, &c.—continued.
**
Also, internal revenue tax,
as follows:-
On all cigars and cheroots
On cigarettes weighing
over 3lb. per 1,000
On same, weighing not
over 3lb. per 1,000
Cinchona bark and root
muriate of
Cinnabar, artificial, mercurial preparation
Cinnamon
chips -
oil of
**
Citron, as fruit
preserved
Citronella or lemon-grass, oil of -
Civet, crude, in natural pod
oil of
**
Clasps (according to material).
Clapboards,* rough-hewn or sawed only,
pine or spruce, per 1,000
£
S.
d.
$6 per 1,000
per 1,000 1 5 0
$6 per 1,000
per 1,000 1 5 0
$1.75 per 1,000
Free.
per 1,000 0 7 31
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0
0 10
20 cts. per lb.
Free.
per lb.
0
0 10
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
| | | |
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
1 1
pieces of 4 feet long, or
4,000 lineal feet, viz. :—
pine
$2
$11
per 1,000
pieces.
=per 1,000
pieces.
08 4
0 6 3
I
20 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
spruce
all other, rough hewn or
sawed only
when planed or finished, there
shall be levied and paid, in
addition to the above rates,
for each side so planed or
finished, 50 cts. per 1,000
feet; and if planed on one
side, and tongued and
grooved, $1 per 1,000 feet;
and if planed on two sides,
and tongued and grooved,
$11 per 1,000 feet.
Clay, china, as kaoline -
A
$5 per ton
prepared
unwrought, pipe clay and fire clay
$5 per ton
per ton
per tón
1
0.10
100 10
pipes, common white
$5 per ton
per ton
10 10
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
* Under previous Acts, clapboards manufactured by a further process than sawing alone, viz., by having the thick edges cut nearly
smooth by a knife or other sharp instrument, although such further process were accomplished at the same time that the sawing was
done, were held liable to duty at the rate of thirty-five per centum ad valorem, as manufactures of wood not otherwise provided for.
118
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English.
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
= per gross
£ S. d.
0 6 3 75 per cent.
per gross
0 6 3 +75 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent,
Clay, pipes, with india-rubber bands at tips
or otherwise advanced be-
yond the common white clay
pipe bowls or pipe heads, and clay
pipes, coloured
Claystone
Cliffstone, unmanufactured
Clippings, of brass
or scraps of Dutch metal made
of brass, as manufactures of
brass
of copper, as manufactures of
copper
of any kind, fit only for
making paper
Cloaks and capes, wholly or partly wool,
>>
worsted, hair of alpaca,
goat, or like animals -
silk, or of which silk is
a component of chief
value, and containing
neither of the above
materials
$14 per gross and
75 per cent.
}
$1 per gross and 】
}
75 per
20 per cent.
Free.
r cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
50%
}
= per lb.
19 | |
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
60
per
cent.
60 per cent.
of all other materials not
otherwise provided for

35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Cloak-pins (according to material).
Clocks, and parts of
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Clocks, same, if iron, steel, or other metal,
chief value
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
99
side ornaments for, as vases, can-
delabras, &c., are not "parts of
clocks."
Clock cases, of marble
Cloth, bolting
"
button
coloured, for book-binding
corset, woven, or made in patterns
of such size, shape, and form, or
cut in such manner as to be fit
for corsets, valued at not over
$6 per doz.
35 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
same, valued at over $6 per doz.
crinoline
$2 per doz.
per doz
35 per cent.
floor, of cork, india rubber, &c.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
| | | |
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
084
1
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.

119
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
A.
B.
£
S.
d.
梦梦
​Cloth, grass
gunny, not cotton bagging, valued
at not over 10 cts. per sq. yard
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
The same, valued over 10 cts. per
sq. yard
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 0 11/12
4 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
002
The same, suitable for same uses as
cotton bagging, valued at not
over 7 cts. per sq. yard -
2 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 1
The same, valued over 7 cts. per sq.
yard
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 11
gunny, old or refuse, fit only to be
re-manufactured
hair, not otherwise provided for
Free.
30 per cent.
india rubber, with linen or cotton -
Italian. See Dress Goods.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
**
oil, all except floor and silk
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
| 1
45 per cent.
1
}
per lb.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
seer sucker, so-styled
water proof, not otherwise pro-
vided for
woollen
Clothing, ready made, and wearing ap-
parel of every description,
and balmoral skirts and
skirting, and goods of simi-
lar description, or used for
like purposes, composed
wholly or in part of wool,
of the
worsted, the hair
alpaca, goat, or other like
animals, made up or manu-
factured wholly or in part
by the tailor, seamstress, or
manufacturer, except knit
goods
""
knit goods, wholly or partly of
wool, worsted, the hair of
the alpaca, goat, or other
like animals, valued at not
over 40 cts. per lb.
29
at over 40 and not
over 60 cts. per lb.
at over 60 and not
over 80 cts. per lb.
knit goods, at over 80 cts. per lb.
f 50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
30 cts. per lb. and 1
35 per cent.
0 21+ 40 per cent.
}
=
- per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 1 3 35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 18+ 35 per cent.
02 135 per cent.

120
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Clothing, of silk, or silk chief value, ex-
cept as above
ready-made, and wearing ap-
parel not otherwise provided
for, excepting linen
such as articles worn by men,
women, or children, of what-
ever material composed, ex-
cept silk or linen, made up,
or made wholly or in part
by hand, not otherwise pro-
vided for
£ s.
d.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
Coaches, lace for, according to component
materials.
Coal, anthracite
35 per cent.
1
Cloves
35 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
oil of
per lb.
0 0 21/0
$2 per lb.
Clove stems
per lb.
0
8 4
Cluny lace
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 14
Coaches, furniture and hardware for, not
otherwise provided for
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
""
75 cts. per ton
75 cts. per ton
per ton
per ton
""
40 cts. per ton
per ton
0 3
0 3
018
1
1
HAHN
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
+
40 cts. per ton
per ton
018
bituminous,* 80 lbs. to bush, and
28 bush. to ton
cannel
dust
hods, copper, as manufactures of
copper, not otherwise provided
for
screenings, bituminous and an-
thracite, as culm
slack or culm,† such as will pass
through a half-inch screen,
80 lbs. to bush. and 28 bush. to
ton
all other, 80 lbs. to bush., 28 bush.
to ton
""
oil, crude
""
refined or distilled
tar oil, also known as nitro-benzole,
oil or essence of mirbane, and
artificial oil of almonds, made of
benzole and nitric acid
40 cts. per ton
per ton
018
40 cts. per ton
15 cts. per gall.
40 cts. per gall.
per ton
per gall.
per gall. 0 1
0 1
0 0 71
0.1
8
8
20 per cent.
001-00
20 per cent.
* "Coal brought by vessels, propelled by steam, may be retained on board; if landed, liable to duty."
† Culm of coal embraces the screenings of bituminous as well as of anthracite coal.
Coal stores of American vessels free; provided, that none should be unloaded,

121
*
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
20 per cent.
Free.
Coatings, linen, and Genoese linen coat-
ings, coloured, valued at not over 30 cts.
per sq. yard
Cobalt, oxide of ·
ore of
Coburgs, printed or ombre-striped, as
woollen dress goods.
Coburg robes aquille. See note to Robe
Patterns, page 261.
Cocculus indicus
Cochineal
35 per cent.
lake
>>
Cocoa or cacao, crude
Free.
Free.
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Mich
111
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
f S. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
**
nuts
**
nut mats
**
leaves, fibre and shells of
ground or prepared
same with wool border
2 cts. per lb.
Free.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
,, matting
30 per cent.
same with narrow
border,
partly of wool
oil
擎
​30 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
per lb.
001
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
per ton
per lb.
2 1 8
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
Cocoons, silk
Codilla, or tow of hemp
Codfish, dried
Cod oil, for tanners' use
lines, hemp -
wine (if exclusively used medicinally)
40 per cent.
Free.
$10 per ton
ct. per lb.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
>>
brown or crude, or crude in
barrels.
20 per cent.
Free.
$14 per brl.
Free.
per brl.
063
liver oil, medicinal preparation
sounds and tongues, dried
>>
salted in barrels, as fish not
specified pickled in barrels -
Coffee, of all kinds *
acorn, and dandelion root, raw or
prepared, and all other articles
used or intended to be used as
coffee, or a substitute for coffee,
and not otherwise provided for,
except chicory -
extract of
mills, wood and iron, as manufac-
tures of iron, not otherwise pro-
vided for
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
11
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 14
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
*Coffee (Java) imported from Rotterdam viâ London, in vessels of the Netherlands, liable to a discriminating duty after
Oct. 1, 1872.
122
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ S. d.
Cognac oil or cnanthic ether
Coins, gold and silver
copper
cabinets of, and all other collections
of antiquities
old foreign copper, in large quan-
tities for manufacturing purposes,
as old copper
Coir and coir yarn
mats
same with wool border
$4 per oz.
Free.
per oz.
0 16 8
Free.
Free.
4 cts. per lb.
Free.
per lb.
002
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
matting
30 per cent.
matting with narrow border, partly
of wool
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
| | | |
1 1 1 1
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
Coke
Colcothar,* dry, or oxide of iron
Cold cream, cosmetic
Collections of antiquities specially im-
ported and not for sale
Colleges, books, maps, and charts (not
more than two copies in any
one invoice), specimens of
sculpture, regalia, and gems,
and statues and specimens of
sculpture, specially imported
in good faith, for the use or
by the order of, or of any
academy, school, or seminary
of learning -
philosophical and scientific ap-
paratus, instruments, and pre-
parations, statuary, casts of
marble, bronze, alabaster, or
plaster of Paris, paintings,
drawings, and etchings, spe-
cially imported for the use
of, or of any institution or
society incorporated or esta-
blished for philosophical, edu-
cational, scientific, or literary
purposes, or encouragement of
the fine arts, and not for sale
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
1
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
50 per cent.

* Colcothar and Venetian Red are separate and distinct articles of commerce; colcothar being a dry oxide of iron produced by
chemical action (but not chemically pure), containing small quantities of lime, sulphuric acid, and sulphate of lime as impurities,
while Venetian red is a native or prepared oxide of iron, ground with twenty-five to forty percentum of whiting to make it fit for
use as a paint. Colcothar is much heavier and darker in colour than Venetian red, and of nearly triple its value in England.

123
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
$1 per lb.
Free.
= per lb.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ 8. d.
042
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Collodion, fluid -
Colocynth (bitter apples)
Cologne water and other perfumery, of
which alcohol forms the principal ingre-
dient
Coloquintida (bitter apples)
Coloring for brandy, if it contains spirits,
dutiable as distilled spirits
for brandy,* without spirits
Colors, aniline, by whatever name known
**
moist water, used in the manu-
facture of paper-hangings and
coloured papers and cards, not
otherwise provided for -
painters, not otherwise provided
for
water, not otherwise provided for
Coltsfoot (crude drug)
Colombo root
Colza oil
Combs, for the hair, all kinds
curry, as manufactures of iron
machines for making, part steel
Comfits, sweetmeats, or fruits preserved.
$3 per gal. & 50 per cent. per gal.
Free.
$2 per proof gall. {
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
0 12 6 + 50 per cent.
=per proof
gall.
}
0
8 4
50 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
per lb.
1
| | | | | | | |
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
in sugar, brandy, or molasses, not other-
wise provided for
35 per cent.
Comforters, of worsted, made on frames
35 per cent.
Compasses, mathematical or mechanics'
(according to material).
mariners'
40 per cent.
Composition of glass or paste, set
30 per cent.
| |
| |
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
>>
of glass or paste, for jewel-
lers' use, not set
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
tops for furniture
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Compounds or preparations of which dis-
tilled spirits are component
parts of chief value, same
as spirits -
$2 per proof gall. {
=per proof
gall.
of}o
8 4
Condensed milk
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
* (
"So-styled Prune wine for fining liquors,' does not on examination bear similitude to brandy coloring, and should be classed
as non-enumerated manufactured articles at 20 per cent."
124
*
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Confectionery, sugar candy, not colored,
nor sold otherwise than
by the lb., nor valued
above 30 cts. per pound
all other, not otherwise
provided for, made
wholly or in part of
sugar, and on sugars,
after being refined,
when tinctured, color-
ed, or in any
in any way
adulterated, valued at
30 cts. per lb. or less -
all, valued above 30 cts.
per lb., or when sold
by the box, package,
or otherwise than by
the pound
Condiments and sauces, not otherwise
provided for
£
s. d.
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 5
15 cts. per lb.
per lb. 0 0 7
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.

35 per cent.
Coney plates," so called, being parts of
coney skins sewed together and used for
linings and for manufacture of children's
cloaks, &c., as manufactures of furs
Conia, cicuta, or hemlock seed and leaf
extract of -
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.

40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Contrayerva root
Free.
Copal gum
Free.
Copper bottoms (still bottoms)
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
alloys, not otherwise provided for,
of which copper is a component
of chief value
», chafing dishes
29
"
clippings from new copper plates,
never in use, as copper unmanu-
factured, not otherwise provided
for
coins
coins, old foreign, for manufac-
turing, as old copper
eyelets, all kinds
for United States Mint
in rolled plates, called brazier's
4 cts. per lb.
6 cts. per 1,000
Free.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
Free.
per lb.
0 0 21/2
per lb.
per 1,000
0 0 2
0 0 3
111
45 per cent.

125
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Copper, in plates, bars, ingots, pigs, and in
other forms not manufactured,
警
​not otherwise provided for
in sheets, bolts, nails, spikes,
wire rods, pipes, &c.
manufactures of, or of which cop-
per is component of chief value,
not otherwise provided for*
per
100lbs.
1
5 cts. per lb.
0 10 1
= per
23
6 8 8 J
ton
45 per cent.
Händeplinité
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
per
100lbs.
0 16
8
>>
old, fit only for re-manufacture -
4 cts. per lb.
8 1
per
18 13
4
4 J
ton
old, from American vessels' bot-
toms, compelled by marine
disaster to repair in foreign
ports
Free.
per 7
ore, on each pound of fine copper
contained therein
100lbs.
0 12
6
61
3 cts. per lb.
per
14 0
0
ton
per
**
regulus of, and on all black or
100lbs.
0 16
8
81
coarse copper, on each pound
4 cts. per lb.
梦​嗲
​>>
sulphate of, or blue vitriol
BO
of fine copper contained therein
sheathing metal -
subacetate of (verdigris)
sulphides of
Copperas, green vitriol or sulphate of
iron
Copybooks, with printed headings
Copying books, blank, for taking press
copies of writing, bound or unbound
Coral, marine, unmanufactured
cut or manufactured
Coralline, not otherwise provided for
†Cordage or cables, tarred
*
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
"Machinery manufactured wholly of iron, with the exception of an insignificant portion thereof (say 1-28 part of its value)
which is of brass, is liable to duty at the rate of 35 per centum ad valorem as a manufacture of iron. To constitute it subject to
the rate of duty imposed on manufactures of copper, it must contain copper of more than 50 per centum in value of all the
materials contained therein."
†The term "cordage," as used in the tariff, being considered only applicable to ropes used in the rigging of vessels, "common
bale
ope for baling cotton," not used for that purpose, nor commonly known as " cordage," is entitled to entry as a manufacture
of hemp.
per
18 13
4
4 f
ton
45 per cent.
Free.
4 cts. per lb.
per lb.
002
ct. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 0
1101 ol
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
111
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 1

126
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Cordage, untarred Manilla.
99
all other untarred
Cord, sash, as manufactures of hemp
and cords and tassels, metal
>>
99
22
""
Cordials -
Coriander seed
Cork bark, manufactured -
cotton
silk -
wool, worsted
or mohair -
{
"carpeting," so called, of thin cork,
with a few threads of hemp on one
side for strengthening, dutiable as
manufactures of cork
wood or bark, cut into small squares
wood or cork bark, unmanufactured
wood, pictures of
Corks*
Cornelian rings, as jewelry
""
>>
stones
>>
unmanufactured
Corn, Indian or maize (56 lbs. to bushel)
99
meal
mills, according to principal ma-
terials composing them.
dressing machinery, according
to principal materials composing
them.
Cornplasters, of wool
Corrosive sublimate, mercurial prepara-
tion
Corsets, or manufactured cloth, woven or
made in patterns of such size, shape, and
form, or cut in such manner as to be fit
for corsets:
24 cts. per lb.
31 cts. per Ib.
= per lb.
per lb.
40
£
S. d.
0 11
1
0 0
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
$2 per proof gall.
Free.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
Free.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
10 cts. per bus.
10 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
=per proof
gall.
} 0 8 4
| |
| | | | |
30 per cent.
30 per cent.

30 per cent.
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
= per bus.
005
11101
10 per cent.
{50
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
021 35 per cent.
20 per cent.
cent.
20 per
valued at $6 per doz. or less
valued over $6 per doz.
$2 per doz.
35 per cent.
= per doz.
084
35 per cent.
* «The cost of baskets containing imported corks is properly charged under the ninth section of the Act of July 28, 1866 in the
dutiable value of the corks.”

127
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
{
9 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
}
£
d.
per lb.
0
$6 per ton
per ton
04+10 per cent.
1 5 0
Corset wire, steel
Corundum, ore
Cosmetics, essences, extracts,
extracts, toilet
waters, hair oils, pomades, hair dressings,
hair restoratives, hair dyes, tooth washes,
dentrifices, tooth pastes, aromatic cachous,
or other perfumeries or cosmetics, by
whatsoever name or names known, used
or applied as perfumes or applications to
the hair, mouth or skin -
Cot bottoms, valued at not over 30 cts. per
square yard
valued at over 30 cts. per
square yard
Coton azotique, or gun cotton, valued at not
99
>>
over 20 cts.
per lb.
valued
at
over 20 cts.
per lb.
50 per cent.
35 per cent,
40 per cent.
6 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
Cotton and silk plush, for hatters, cotton
chief value
Cotton and worsted braids, for boot and
shoe straps, chiefly cotton, as manufac-
tures partly of worsted, viz. :
valued at not over 40 cts. per lb.
valued at over 40 and not over 60
cts. per lb.
valued at over 60 and not over 80
cts. per lb.
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
Cotton and worsted trimmings
Cotton bagging, or other manufactures,
not otherwise herein provided for, suit-
able for the uses to which cotton bag-
ging is applied, composed in whole or
part of hemp, jute, flax, gunny bags,
gunny cloth, or other material :*
valued at 7 cts. or less per sq. yd.
valued at over 7 cts. per sq. yard
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
}
- per
per lb.
0 0 3 + 20 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 0 5 + 20 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
= per lb.
= per lb.
0 1 3 + 35 per cent.
0 1 8 +35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 50.
+ 50 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
3 cts. per lb.
= per
= per lb.
per lb.
0 0 1
0011
| |
**Cotton bagging is commercially known and understood to apply exclusively to articles used and suitable for the baling of
cotton, without reference to material, and this the phraseology of the law clearly indicates."
"Certain so-called 'Dundee Bagging,' reported by appraisers as suitable for the use to which cotton bagging was applied, subject
to duty as 'cotton bagging.'”

128
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Cotton bags and bagging, and all other
like manufactures, not herein otherwise
provided for, except bagging for cotton,
composed wholly or in part of flax, hemp,
jute, gunny cloth, gunny bags, or other
material
£ S. d.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Cotton bobbinet, braids, insertings, lace,
and trimmings -
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Cotton braids, imported for trimming hats,
but which may be used for other
purposes, dutiable as other cotton
braids
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
caps, hose, leggings, mitts, socks,
made on frames, bleached or
coloured
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
carpets and carpeting
classified as raw cotton
cords, gimps, galloons, braces, or
suspenders
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
containing the seed, unginned,
Free.
1.
35 per cent.
99.
drawers and other articles made
on frames
35 per cent.
19
dreadnoughts
duck
embroidered or tamboured, in the
loom or otherwise, by machinery
or with the needle, or other
process
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
99
fibre vestings, so called, of grass
and cotton, cotton chief value -
35 per cent.
floss, as cotton thread.
fringes
fuse, for smokers' use
hat bodies
99
hosiery, all
lace, insertings, trimmings
coloured
moleskins and repellent moleskins
99
rags as paper stock
raw
""
39
seed, for planting
oil
>>
59
shirts, woven or made on frames
all other
"
thread lace, entirely of cotton
111
35 per cent.
35 per cent,
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
75 per cent.
35 per cent.
*
35 per cent.
75 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
30 cts. per gall.
20 per cent.
per gal.
01 3
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
1
30
per cent.
129

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
*Cotton thread,on spools,or spool thread,
containing on each spool not exceeding
100 yds. of thread
exceeding 100 yds., for every
additional 100 yds. on each
spool, or fractional part thereof,
in excess of 100 yards
Cotton thread, yarn, warps, or warp
yarn, not wound upon spools, whether
single or advanced beyond the con-
dition of single by twisting two or
more single yarns together, whether on
beams or in bundles, skeins, or cops, or
in any other form :
**
valued at not over 40 cts. per lb.
valued at over 40 cts., and not over
60 cts. per lb.
valued at over 60 cts., and not over
80 cts. per lb.
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
tracing cloth
unginned, containing the seed
velvets, printed or painted, or
otherwise
velvet binding
6 cts. per doz. and
30 per cent.
6 cts. per doz. and
35 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
}
=per 100
doz.
=per 100
doz.
£ s.
d.
}
150+30 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
= per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
40 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
= per lb.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
velveteens
**
velvet ribbons
35 per cent.
>>
velvet slipper patterns, embroidered
with silk floss, silk chief value
35 per cent.
>>
velvet uppers for slippers
35 per cent.
**
35 per cent.
Free.
1
1 5 0 + 35 per cent.
0 0 5 + 20 per cent.
0 0 10 + 20 per cent.
0 1 3 +20 per cent.
0 1 8 +20 per cent.
35 per cent.
1 1 1 1
| | | |
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
vestings -
waste

manufactures, not otherwise pro-
vided for
Cottons, (except jeans, denims, drillings,
bed tickings, ginghams, plaids, cotton-
ades, pantaloons stuff, and goods of like
description), but including Canton flan-
nels, not exceeding 100 threads to the
square inch, counting the warp and fill-
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
*In the case of an importation of 478 tin boxes containing spool cotton, it was found that the spool cotton had been purchased by the dozen
spools and not by the box, and afterwards put into the boxes by the purchaser at his own expense to prevent damage on the voyage. Held, "that
the boxes do not enter into the market value or form part of the wholesale price of the spool cotton at the period of exportation."
36247.
I
130

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
¿HONEMARUDINÝ (££<<<
Cottons, &c.-continued.
£ s. d.
ing, and exceeding in weight 5 ounces
per square yard:
if unbleached
5 cts. per sq. yd.
per 100
1 010
sq. yds.
if bleached
5 cts. per sq. yd.
per 100
sq. yds.
per 100
10 per cent.
Cotton muslin skirting and lappets, as
sq. yds. J
1 2 11
1 2 11 + 10 per cent.
if coloured, stained, painted, or 5 cts. per sq. yd. &
printed -
fabrics immediately following.
silesias or twilled, as fabrics im-
mediately following.
tarlatane muslins, as fabrics im-
mediately following.
On goods of like description, exceeding
200 threads to the square inch, count-
ing the warp and filling :
if unbleached
if bleached
if colored, stained, painted, or
printed
On finer and lighter goods of like de-
scription, not exceeding 200 threads
to the square inch, counting the warp
and filling:†+
if unbleached
if bleached
5 cts. per sq. yd.
5 cts. per sq. yd.
5
54
cts. per sq. yd. and
20 per cent.
ƒ
=per 1001
sq. yds.
=per 100
sq. yds.
|=per 100
sq. yds. J
1010
1 2 11
1 2 11 + 20 per cent.
5 cts. per sq. yd.
5cts. per sq. yd.
per 100
sq. yds.
=per 1001
sq. yds.
10 10
1 2 11
* "The terms of the law imposing duty according to the count of threads should be held to apply in all cases where such count
can be ascertained by means of the glass' commonly used for such purpose, and in all cases where the value of the goods is
partially or wholly determined between the manufacturer and the purchaser according to the number of threads to the square
inch."
The fact that goods are not termed in trade "countable goods," will not exclude them from classification for duty according to
the count of the threads, provided they come within the rule above stated.
Cotton linings, manufactured with a few threads of flax in the selvage, which, however, did not change the commercial character
of the goods, were held to be dutiable as countable cottons.
"Cotton towels, bleached and having coloured stripes at either end, intended as an ornament or finish, are properly assessed
with the additional duty provided for articles of cotton, if printed, painted, coloured, or stained.""

3
† As cotton goods are made of various widths, the duty per lineal yard would, in most cases, be lower than that quoted; thus,
100 yards of cotton goods & yard wide would be charged as 75 square yards, and so on in proportion as the width is greater or
less than that mentioned.
This includes coloured cottons (not similar to ginghams) numbering over 100 and less than 200 threads to the square inch,
and costing less than 25 cents per square yard.
131
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
.Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Cotton, &c.-continued.
if colored, stained, painted, or
printed
{
Cotton brilliants, classified with jeans.
Cottons, viz.: jeans, denims, drilling,
bed tickings, ginghams, plaids, cot-
tonades, pantaloon stuffs, and goods of
like description, or for similar uses, and
not exceeding 100 threads to the square
inch, counting the warp and filling, and
exceeding 5 oz. to the square yard:
if unbleached
if bleached
if colored, stained, painted, or
£
S. d.
54
5 cts. per sq. yd. and f
20 per cent.
per 100
sq. yds.
1 2 11
+ 20 per cent.
6 cts. per sq. yd.
2
6 cts. per sq. yd.
per 1001
sq. yds.
=per 100
1 5 0
sq. yds.
}
6
cts. per sq. yd. and
10 per cent.
per 100
sq. yds.
1 7 1
1 7 1 +10 per cent.
printed
On finer or lighter goods of like descrip-
tion, not exceeding 200 threads to the
square inch, counting the warp and
filling:
if unbleached
if bleached
if colored, stained, painted, or
printed
On goods of lighter description, exceed-
ing 200 threads to the square inch,
counting the warp and filling:
if unbleached
if bleached
if colored, stained, painted, or
printed
PROVIDED, that upon all plain woven
cotton goods, not included in the fore-
going schedule:
6 cts. per sq. yd. {
63 cts. per sq. yd.
64 cts. per sq. yd. and
15 per ct.
Mrs
per 100
sq. yds.
1 5 0
per 100
sq. yds.
1 7 1
1
per 100
sq. yds. J
1 7 1 + 15 per cent.
7 cts. per sq. yd.
71cts. per sq. yd.
=per 100
sq. yds.
=per 100
sq. yds.
19 2
1 11 3
74 cts. per sq. yd. and
15 per cent.
per 100
sq. yds. ]
1 11 3
+ 15 per cent.

if unbleached, valued at over 16 cts.
per sq. yd.
35 per cent.
if bleached, valued at over 20 cts.
per sq. yd.
35 per cent.
if colored, valued at over 25 cts.
per sq. yd.
35 per cent.
*
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
I 2
132

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
1 2 11 + 20 per cent.
35 per cent.
018 +20 per cent.
| | |
Cottons, &c.-continued.
Grenadines and goods of like description,
such as Japanese cloths,
Japanese poplins,
&c.,
51 cts. per sq. yd. and
20 per cent.
}
per 100
sq. yds. ]
when they count less than
100 threads to the sq. inch
cotton and silk, cotton chief
value, when threads cannot
be counted
"Hair switches," so called, of coloured
cotton, as cotton thread
Imitation Italian cloths, readily count-
able with the glass, as jeans and
similar fabrics.
Jeans, denims, and drillings, valued at
over 20 cts. per sq. yd., unbleached
All other cotton goods of every descrip-
tion, the value of which shall exceed
25 cts. per sq. yd.
PROVIDED FURTHER, that no cotton goods
having more than 200 threads to the
square inch, counting the warp and
filling, shall be admitted to a less rate
of duty than is provided for goods.
which are of that number of threads.
Court plaster -
Counters, duty according to material.
Counting house boxes, paper
Coverings of merchandise subject to ad
valorem duty pay the same rate of duty
as the merchandise, provided they are of
the character of those in which such
merchandise is usually imported.
Covers and other portions of carpets or
carpetings are subject to the rate of duty
imposed on carpets or carpeting of like
character or description.
Cowhage or cowitch down
Cow hair, cleaned or not, drawn or not,
""
but unmanufactured
hides, so called, used as whips
Cowrie gum
shells, unmanufactured
Cow or kine pox, or vaccine virus
Crackers (bread)
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
}
= per lb.
| | |
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
| | | | | |
20 per cent.

20 per cent.
133
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Crackers, fire, large size, known as double
梦梦
​**
headers
not over 1 or 2 in. long,
per box of 40 packs, not
over 80 in each pack
And in the same proportion
for greater or less numbers.
not otherwise provided for -
Cranes, steam or otherwise, according to
material.
30 per cent.
1
30 per cent.
$1 per box
= per box
042
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
Cranks, mill, wrought iron, weighing
25 lbs. or more
2 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
08 4
Crapes, silk, for veils
>>
Crash (linen) :-
J
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
if piece silks or for dresses -
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
trimmings, silk chief value
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
valued at not over 30 cts. per sq.
yd.
35 per cent.
Cravats, cotton
silk
valued at over 30 cts. per sq. yd.
wool, worsted, or mohair
Crayons, of all kinds
Cream nuts
50 cts. per lb. and 40
per cent.
30 per ct.
Free.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1 +40 per cent.
30 per cent.
of tartar
>>
Crinoline wire
cloth
**
Cremnitz white
Crêpe de chene
Crochet needles, bone, ivory, or horn
Crocus colcottra
Croton bark
oil
Crucibles, black lead
Cryolite -
sand
Crystals, brown, so called, as aniline dyes {
for watches, glass
yellow, as aniline dyes
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
9 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
= per lb.
30 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
110
005
0101111
0 0 410 per cent.
30 per cent.
0 0 11
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
$1 per lb.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.

40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
11
per lb.
04 2
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
= per
per lb.
= per
per lb.
021 +35 per cent.
10 per cent.
021
+35 per cent.
134

A
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
£
tities.
A.
d.
Value.
B.
Cubebs
Cubic nitre or nitrate of soda
Cucumbers, in salt and water, and im-
ported in hogsheads or casks, dutiable as
pickles -
Cudbear -
extract of, or persis
Cummin seed
Cupboard turns, according to material.
Curb chains, polished iron, as saddlery
Curling stones or quoits.
Curls, hair
Currants, Zante or other
Curriers' and cutting knives, as manufac-
tures of steel, not otherwise provided for
Curry and curry powders.
Cutch or Catechu
Cutlasses (swords)
Cutlery, of all kinds except pen, jack,
and pocket knives
Razors, scissors, garden scissors, pruning
shears, table knives and forks, car-
vers, steels, fleams, lancets, pallettes,
daggers, dirks, and bread, cook's,
butcher, shoe, farrier's, bowie, budding,
pruning, and fruit knives are to be
considered as cutlery.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
Cuttlefish bone (sepia)
Cyanite, or Kyanite
Cymbals, musical instruments
D.
Dairy furniture, according to material.
Daggers, as cutlery
Daguerreotype plates, as manufactures
of metal not otherwise provided for
*Damage from rust, no allowance or re-
|| :
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 02/2
1110
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
45 per cent.
| | | | |
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
?
30 per cent.
3
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
duction of duty for, except on
polished Russia sheet iron.
Damage to goods in bond by freezing not a "casualty."
| ||
1
30 per cent.
35 per cent.

35 per cent.

Excessive damage or rust to iron, &c., by wreck or other extraordinary cause, may be allowed for under the general law.
Fruit so damaged on voyage as to be worthless, to be treated as if not imported.
135
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Damage on fruit, viz.: oranges, lemons,
pineapples, grapes, limes, ba-
nanas, plaintains, shaddocks,
and mangoes; no allowance
shall be made for loss by decay
on the voyage, unless the said
loss shall exceed twenty-five
per cent. of the quantity, and
the allowance then made shall
be only for the amount of loss
in excess of twenty-five per
cent. of the whole quantity.
Damar, gum
Damasks, valued at not over 30 cts. per
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Free.
square yard-
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
valued at over 30 cts. per
square yard -
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Dandelion root
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 11/2
Darning needles -
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Dates
I ct. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 01
**
Decalcomanie, as printed matter
preserved in sugar or molasses
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Decanters, glass, not cut
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
cut
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Decoctions of logwood and other dye-
woods
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
Deer carcasses
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
**
skins, not dressed or tanned
Free.
**
dressed and finished -
**
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
tanned
59
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Demijohns, part glass
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Denims. See Cottons.
Dental instruments, if cutlery-
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
>>
not cutlery, ac-
cording to ma-
terial.

Dentifrices
Dessicated and compressed vegetables
Dextrine, artificial gum-
Dials of copper and enamel (the latter
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
111
component of chief value), as manufac-
tures of glass
40 per cent.
1
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
136
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Value.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
B.
Diamond dust or bort
Diamonds, cut (not set)
**
(set)
rough or uncut
glaziers', set or not set
Diapers, valued at not over 30 cts. per
square yard
Free.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
£ s.
d.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
st
35 per cent.
valued at over 30 cts. per square
yard
40 per cent.
Dice, ivory or bone
50 per cent.
Dirks, as cutlery
35 per cent.
Disks. See Glass.
Dishes, chafing, copper
iron or tin
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
| | |
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Distilled spirits
>>
>>
>>
""
less than
ter
Divi-divi
vinegar, exceeding the specific
gravity of 1.047
not exceeding the spe-
cific gravity of 1 047,
known as No. 8
Diving apparatus, according to material.
Doeskin, mohair coating, valued at not
over 40 cts.
per lb.
valued at over
40 and not
over 60 cts.
per lb.
valued at over
60 and not
over 20 cts.
per lb.
valued at over
80 cts. per
lb.-
Dog chains, iron, made of wire or rods not
inch in diame-
qe same,
same, less than inch and not under
No. 9 wire gauge -
35 per cent.
$2 per proof gall. {
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
40 cts. per lb. and
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per
proof gall.
} 0 8 4
30 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 1 3
5 cts. per lb.
Free.
= per lb.
0021
1
| |
}
= per lb.
0 0 10
+35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 1 3 +35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 1 8 +35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
= per lb.
of wire or rods under No. 9
•
35 per cent.
Dolls, of all kinds
35 per cent.
0 0 11

0011/20
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
137
... ....... ... ... ...........wendigreek mandeer vertemekorvosana ngayon manage continue tempus m
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Dolls, so-called, but which are jumping
jacks and caricatures, partly of
worsted, held to be dutiable as
toys
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
50 per cent.
wardrobes and toilet articles, as
toys
50 per cent.
Dominoes
35 per cent.
if toys
50 per cent.
Donna Maria, as silk veil goods
Downs, of all descriptions, for beds or
bedding
Dragon's blood -
Drain tiles.
60 per cent.
Free.
Free.
See Earthenware.
Draughts, bone or ivory
50 per cent.
Drawbacks. See separate statement,
page 397.
Drawers, cotton, woven
35 per cent.
silk
60 per cent.
and cotton, silk chief
value
60 per cent.
1-1111
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
1
1111
Value.
B.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
wholly or partly of wool
Drawer knobs, according to material.
Drawings
specially imported in good faith
for the use of any society or
institution incorporated or
established for philosophical,
educational, scientific, or liter-
ary purposes, or encourage.
ment of the fine arts, and not
intended for sale
Dress goods, women's and children's, and
real or imitation Italian cloths
composed wholly or in part of
wool, worsted, the hair of the
alpaca, goat, or other like animals,
as follows:-
*
valued at not above 20 cts.
per square yard
valued at above 20 cts. per
square yard
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
}
per lb.
0 21 +40 per cent.
1
I
DAIVIC
20 per cent.
1
sucre byth

1
6 cts. per sq. yard
and 35 per cent.
8 cts. per sq. yard
and 40 per cent.
100
=per 100
sq. yds.
=per 100
sq. yds.
1 5 0 + 35 per cent.
1 13 4
+40 per cent.
* These goods are generally sold by the lineal yard; it must, therefore, be noted that the duty per lineal yard will vary accord-
ing to the width; thus, 100 yards yard wide would be charged as 75 square yards, the same quantity 14 yards wide, 125
square yards, and so on.
3
4
138

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Dress goods-continued.
PROVIDED, that on all goods
weighing four ounces and
over per square yard the
duty shall be
Dressings for the hair
Dressing cases, according to material.
Dress ornaments, beads, silk, and metal
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
silk and wood, silk chief
value
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
wooden moulds or cores
silk chief value
for, as manufactures
of wood not otherwise
provided for
trimmings, cotton
35 per cent.
£
S.
d.
}
per lb.
021 +35 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
cotton and worsted
>>
{
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
}
per lb.
flax or linen
>>
40 per cent.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
40 per cent.
silk
**
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
wool or worsted, wholly
or partly
{
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
Dried fruits, not otherwise provided for
Dried and prepared flowers
10 per cent.
10 per cent.

Free.
blood
**
bugs
pulp
Drillings. See Cottons.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Drills, linen, valued at not over 30 cts. per
square yard
35 per cent.
>>
valued at over 30 cts. per
square yard
40 per cent.
fancy coloured, valued at not
over 30 cts. per square yard
35 per cent.
Drop black, as paint
Driving belts, as leather manufactures
Dross lead, as lead ore
Druggets, printed, coloured, or other-25 cts. per sq. yard
wise
Drugs, for dyeing
and medicines, crude, not otherwise
provided for*
and 35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
1 cts. per lb.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.

35 per cent.
25 per cent.
per lb.
per sq.
yd.
0
0 02
}
0
+35
101 + 35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.

* If, on examination, any drugs, medicines, medicinal preparations, whether chemical or otherwise, including medicinal
essential oils, are found, in the opinion of the examiner, to be so far adulterated, or in any manner deteriorated, as to render
them inferior in strength and purity to the standard established by the United States Edinburgh, London, French, and German
139#

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Duck, linen, all (except sail duck), valued
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
at not over 30 cts. per
square yard
35 per cent.
£ s.
d.
35 per cent.
pharmacopoeias and dispensatories,* and thereby improper, unsafe, or dangerous to be used for medicinal purposes, a return to
that effect shall be made upon the invoice, and the articles so noted shall not pass the Custom House.

"It is not conceived to be the intention of the law that the articles referred to should conform in strength and purity to each
and all of those standards, as such conformity is believed to be impracticable, owing to the variations in those standards. If, therefore,
the articles in question be manufactured, produced, or prepared in England, Scotland, France, or Germany, as the case may be, and
prove to conform in strength and purity to the pharmacopoeia and dispensatory of the country of their origin, said articles become
exempt from the penalties of the law. All articles of the kind mentioned, produced, manufactured, or prepared in any other
country than those before mentioned must conform in the qualities stated to the United States pharmacopoeia and dispensatory.
With a view to afford a reliable guide to the examiner of drugs and medicines, as well as to the analytical chemist, on appeal,
in ascertaining the admissibility of such articles under the provisions of law, founded on their purity and strength, the following
list is given of some of the principal articles, with the result of special tests agreeing with the standard authorities referred to in
the law; all of which articles are to be entitled to entry when ascertained by analysis to be composed as noted, viz. :
Aloes, when affording 80 per cent. of pure aloetic extractive.
Assafoetida, when affording 50 per cent. of its peculiar bitter resin, and 3 per cent. of volatile oil.
Bark, Cinchona, when affording 1 per cent. of pure quinine, whether called Peruvian, Calisaya, Arica, Carthagena, Maracaibo,
Santa Martha, Bogota, or under whatever name, or from whatever place, or
Bark, Cinchona, when affording 2 per cent. of the several natural alkaloids, combined, as quinine, cinchonine, quinidine,
aricene, &c., the barks of such strength being admissible as safe and proper for medicine, and useful for chemical manufac-
turing purposes.
Benzoin, when affording 80 per cent. of resin, or
Benzoin, when affording 12 per cent. of benzoic acid.
Colocynth, when affording 12 per cent. of colocynthin.
Elaterium, when affording 30 per cent. of elaterin.
Galbanum, when affording 60 per cent. of resin.
Galbanum, when affording 19 per cent. of gum and 6 per cent. of volatile oil.
Gamboge, when affording 70 per cent. of pure gamboge resin and 20 per cent. of gum.
Guaiacum, when affording 80 per cent. of pure guaiac resin.
Gum ammoniac, when affording 70 per cent. of resin and 18 per cent. of gum.
Jalap, when affording 11 per cent. of pure jalap resin, whether in root or in powder.
Manna, when affording 37 per cent. of pure mannite.
Myrrh, when affording 30 per cent. of pure myrrh resin and 50 per cent. of gum.
Opium, when affording 9 per cent. of pure morphine.
Rhubarb, when affording 40 per cent. of soluble matter, whether in root or powder; none admissible but the article known as
East India, Turkey, or Russian rhubarb.
Sagapenum, when affording 50 per cent. of resin,
Sapapenum, when affording 30 per cent. of gum, and
Sagapenum, when affording 3 per cent. of volatile oil.
Scammony, when affording 70 per cent. of pure scammony resin.
Senna, when affording 28 per cent. of soluble matter.

All medicinal leaves, flowers, barks, roots, extracts, &c., not herein specified must be, when imported, in perfect condition, and
of as recent collection and preparation as practicable.
All pharmaceutical and chemical preparations, whether crystallized or otherwise, used in medicine must be found on examina-
tion to be pure and of proper consistence and strength, as well as of perfect manufacture, conformably with the formulas contained
in the standard authorities named in the Act, and must in no instance contain over 3 per cent. of excess of moisture or water of
crystallization.
Essential or volatile oils, as well as expressed oils, used in medicine must conform in purity to the standards of specific gravity
noted and declared in the dispensatories mentioned in the Act.
Patent or secret medicines' are by law subject to the same examination and disposition after examination as other medicinal
preparations, and cannot be permitted to pass the Custom House for consumption, but must be rejected and condemned, unless the
special examiner be satisfied, after due investigation, that they are fit and safe to be used for medicinal purposes."
140

نے
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Duck, linen, all (except sail duck), valued
cotton
sail
**
Dulce, seaweed
at over 30 cts. per square
yard
Dundee double warp bagging, of jute, not
fit for use in bagging cotton
Dung salts, containing less than 30 per
cent, of potash
Dunnage, mats
**
used to protect sheet iron
from damage during
voyage of importation,
if charged in invoice
or of merchantable
value, are subject to
duty.
Dustpans, according to material.
Dutch and bronze metal in leaf
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
| | | |
£ s.
d.
|| | || | |
40 per cent.
35 per cent
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
metal made of brass, clippings or
scraps of, as manufactures of
brass
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
pink
*
made of copper, clippings or
scraps of, as manufactures of
copper
Dyes, aniline, by whatever name known
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
for the hair
>>
not otherwise provided for
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Dye, Tyrian
Dyewoods, extract and decoction of, not
otherwise provided for
all, in sticks
Dye-stuffs, articles in a crude state used.
in dyeing or tanning, not otherwise pro-
vided for
Dynamite and other explosive compounds
valued at not over 20 cts. per
lb.
Free.
6 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 0 3 +20 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 0 5 +20 per cent.
valued at over 20 cts. per 10 cts. per lb. and
lb.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.

141

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Earth, cassel
E.
known as guhr
fullers'
*Earthenware and stoneware, as follows:
Brown earthen and common stoneware,
gas retorts, and stoneware, not orna-
mented
Stoneware, above the capacity of 10
gallons
China, porcelain, and parian ware,
gilded, ornamented, or decorated
The same, plain white
All other earthenware, stoneware, or
crockery ware, not otherwise pro-
vided for, white, glazed, edged,
printed, painted, dipped, or cream
coloured, composed of earthy or
mineral substances, and including
Rockingham ware
**
Earths, ochrey, dry
20 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
$3 per ton
= per ton
0 12 6
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
1 1 11
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 cts. per 100 lbs.
1
40 per cent.
= per
100 lbs.
= per
100 lbs.
0 2 1
06 3
35 per cent.
>>
ground in oil
East India gum
Eave-troughs of wood
Ebony
manufactures of
**
Educational societies or institutions, all
philosophical and scientific
apparatus, instruments,
and preparations, sta-
tuary, casts of marble,
bronze, alabaster, or plaster
of Paris, paintings, draw-
ings, and etchings, spe-
cially imported in good
faith for the use of, and
not for sale
$11 per 100 lbs.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
Effects, personal and household, not mer-
United States dying abroad -
Free.
chandise, of citizens of the
1
| | | |
35 per cent.

* Invoices of Earthenware which merely give the aggregate value of the several crates without specifying the items contained
therein, not being such as are required by law, will, when presented, be treated as null and void, and entry of the earthenware
refused until proper invoices are obtained and produced by the importers (the merchandise in the meantime being treated as
unclaimed), or it may be admitted upon giving bonds to produce proper invoices.
142
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Value.
B.
Effects, personal and wearing apparel, in
actual use, not merchandise,
professional books, implements,
instruments and tools of trade,
occupation, or employment of
persons arriving in the United
States. PROVIDED, that this
exemption shall not include
machinery or other articles to
be used in any manufacturing
establishment or for sale*
Effects, household, books, libraries, or
parts of libraries, in use of per-
sons or families from foreign
countries, if used abroad by
them not less than one year,
and not intended for any other
person or persons, nor for sale†
Effervescent preparations, granulated
Eggs
,, silkworm
Elastic garters, of wire and leather, with
metal clasps
webs. See Webbing.
Elecampane root
Electro-plated wares of every descrip-
Electric batteries
Elephants' teeth, as ivory
tion.
Embroideries, articles embroidered with
وو
gold, silver, or other
metal not otherwise
provided for
cottons, used as balmo-
rals, dutiable as like
countable goods of
cotton.
cotton and worsted reps :
valued at not over
40 cts. per lb.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
1
| | | |
1
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
and not over 60 cts.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 10
+ 35 per cent.
per lb.
0 1 3
+35 per cent.
valued at over 40,

* "Duty must be demanded on all watches, but one, brought by a single passenger.'
+ "Household effects to be entitled to entry free of duty should be in use abroad for more than one year, and arrive with the
owner, or within a reasonable time before or after his arrival. Five or six months cannot be considered a reasonable time.”
143
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Embroideries, valued at over 60, and
not 80 cts.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 1 8 + 35 per cent.
er cent.
valued at over 80
cts. per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2
+ 35 per cent.
>>
**
""
cotton velvet slipper
patterns, embroidered
with silk floss
cotton velvet uppers, for
slippers
shawls, wool, worsted,
and silk
slipper patterns,
taining no wool
wool covers
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
con-
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
021 +40 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
*manufactures of linen,
worsted, or silk, if
embroidered or tam-
boured, in the loom or
otherwise, by machi-
nery or with the needle
or other process, not
otherwise provided for
Emeralds, not set
set
Emery cloth, cotton
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
||||
35 per cent.
manufactured, ground or pulve-
rised
1 ct. per lb.
= per lb.
ore or rock, not ground or pul-
verised
$6 per ton
= per ton
grains
Emetic tartar
Emulsion, pancreatic (patent medicine) -
Enamel of glass and oxyd of tin
white, for manufacturing watch
faces
Enamelled leather and skins of all kinds-
2 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
15 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
50 per cent.
0 0 01
1 5 0
0 0 1
007
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.

**
paintings, on gold or other
metals, for jewellers
20 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
""
white (see Colours)
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 12/2
iron tablets (as japanned
ware)
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Enamels, modern artistic
"It has been the practice to classify under these sections (paragraphs 100 and 385) such goods as are commercially
known as "embroideries," and not manufactures of any material, to which some embroidery may be added.”
144
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.

plates, copper, steel, or wood
Encaustic tiles
Endless belts or felts, for paper or
or felts, for paper or
printing machines
Enfleuraged oils
Engraved slipper patterns
>>
痴
​35 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Engravers' burnishers, steel
45 per cent.
99 copper, prepared
or polished
scrapers, steel
Engravings, coloured, or not, bound or
""
unbound*
fashion plates, engraved on
steel or on wood, coloured,
plain
fashion plates (lithogra-
phic) as printed matter
Engraving machinery, according to
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
£ S. d.
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
50 per cent,
| | | |
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
11
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
material.
Envelopes, paper
Epaulets, cotton
metal
worsted
Epsom salts
Ergot
Escutcheon pins
Escutcheons, brass, iron, gilt, or plated-
silver, gold, or German
silver
Esparto, or Spanish grass, and other
grasses and pulp of, for manufacture of
paper
Essence of red beets, so called, as distilled
spirits
Essences, or essential oils, not otherwise
provided for
for perfumes -
Etchings, specially imported in good
faith for the use of any society or insti-
tution incorporated or established for
philosophical, educational, scientific, or
literary purposes, or encouragement of
the fine arts, and not intended for sale
{
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
0
2 1
+ 50 per cent.
= per lb.
0
0 01/20
11
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
40 per cent.
$2 per proof gall. {
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
:
Free.
= per
proof gall.
} 0 8 4
| |
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
*This includes coloured engravings; also "paper slipper patterns consisting of small sheets of paper with lines engraved
** thereon, at equal distances, upon which are impressed in colours the heads of animals;" also lithographs coloured in oil.
#

145
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
韭
​Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Ethers of all kinds, not otherwise pro-
vided for, and ethereal prepara-
>>
tions or extracts, fluid
or essences, fruit, made of fusel
oil, or fruit or imitations
thereof
Ether, cognac
nitric, spirits of
Eve's apples, or chinotti, as confectionery.
Explosive compounds, used for mining,
blasting, artillery, &c. :-
valued at 20 cts. or less per lb.
valued at above 20 cts per lb..
Expressed oils, not otherwise provided
for
Extracts for perfumes
$1 per lb.
= per lb.
04 2
$2 per lb.
per lb.
0 10 5
$4 per oz.
= per oz.
0 168
50 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 21
6 cts. per lb. and
20 per ct.
10 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
= per lb.
= per lb.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
medicinal, not otherwise pro-
vided for
0 0 3 + 20 per cent.
0 0 5 + 20 per cent.


20 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
>>
proprietary, not otherwise pro-
vided for
50 per cent.
I
99
Extract of anatto
of coffee-
of colocynth
Free.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
of hemlock bark
20 per cent.
>>
of indigo
10 per cent.
99
of indigo carmined
20 per cent.
of logwood
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
>>
of meat, Liebig's
>>
of safflower
of madder
of opium
Eyelets of every description
Eyes, hooks and (according to material).
20 per cent.
Free.
$6 per lb.
Free.
20 per cent.
per lb.
150
6 cts. per 1,000.
per 1,000 00 3
T
odbi
F.
Fabrics, wholly or in part of india-
rubber, not otherwise provided for
Faïence.
See Earthenware.
"Faille ribbons" (silk)
-
36247.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
K
146

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Fancy leatherwork
""
boxes, not otherwise provided for
"9
soap
{
£ S. d.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
25 per cent.
Free.
}
per lb.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 0 5 +25 per cent.
1
Fans, common palm leaf*
""
Farina
all others, including those made of
the leaf of the palm tree, with
artificial handles
Farming implements, the property of
immigrants
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Fashion plates, engraved on steel or on.
wood, coloured, plain -
(lithographic) as printed
mattert
Free.
25 per cent.
ይድ
Fausse glacé, of silk, metal, and cotton,
neither material chief value
Feather beds
Feathers, ostrich, vulture, cock, and
other ornamental feathers,
crude or not dressed, colored
or manufactured
255 50 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
same when dressed, coloured, or
manufactured -
50 per cent.
Free.
for beds or bedding -
artificial and ornamental, or
parts thereof, of whatever
material composed, not
otherwise provided for
11
I
35 per cent.
| 1
11
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
Felloes, of wood, as manufactures of wood
not otherwise provided for
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
Felspar
Feeding bottles, glass, india-rubber, and
wood
Feed pumps, according to material.
Felt, adhesive, for sheathing vessels, no
part wool
carpeting
,,roofing
"
hair worked into felt
Free.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
1
50 per cent.

35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent,
"Palm leaf fans, is a fan made from the leaf of the palm tree, the natural stem of the leaf being the handle, and the leaf simply
bound to prevent creaking and breaking. Those having artificial handles of wood, bone, &c., with cords and tassels and attached
to the leaves by means of rivets, pay as other fans."
† Coloured fashion plates, inclosed in illustrated magazines, but separate from the magazines, are entitled to free entry under
this clause, the magazines being liable to 25 per centum ad valorem, as illustrated papers.

147
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
>>
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
20 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
30 per cent.
{
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
35 per cent.
1
Duty charged in English.
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
0 2 1 +40 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
Felt, leather shoes, part wool
"patent asphalted roofing"
"Wood's patent dry or boiler
Felts, endless, for paper or printing
machines, or "machine blanketing"
Fence rails of wood
Fenders (according to material).
Fennel seed
Fenugreek seed
Ferri rubigo, medicinal preparation
Ferns for Department of Agriculture or
United States Botanic Garden
Fertilizers
Feuilles gravures, as paper hangings, &c.
Fibre and cotton vestings, so called, of
grass and cotton, cotton chief value
Fibrin, in all forms
Fiddles and fifes
Figs
>>
preserved
Fig blue -
Filberts
Filé, or gespinst -
Files, file blanks, rasps, and floats, all
kinds :-
not over 10 inches in length
over 10 inches in length
Filtering stones
unmanufactured
Filters, according to material.
Fine Arts, societies or institutions for
encouragement of, books,
maps and charts (not more
than two copies in any one
invoice), regalia, gems,
statues, and specimens of
sculpture, specially im-
ported in good faith, for
the use of
Free.
Free.
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
111
1 11
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
21 cts. per lb.
30 per cent.
= per lb.
00011
35 per cent.
35 per cent.

25 per cent.
25 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 11
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 5 + 30 per cent.
6 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
per lb.
1
0 0 3 + 30 per cent.
11
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
*
K 2

148
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Fine Arts, all philosophical and scientific
apparatus, instruments, and
preparations, statuary,
casts of marble, bronze,
alabaster, or plaster of
Paris, paintings, drawings,
and etchings specially im-
ported in good faith for
the use of, and not in-
tended for sale
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Finishing powder
Fire-arms
Fire-bricks
Fire-crackers, box of 40 packs, not over
80 to each pack, and in the
same proportion for any
greater or less number* -
large sized, known as
double headers -
not otherwise provided for
Fire-engines, steam and manual.
>>
Free.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
$1 per box.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
99
if iron the chief component
part
35 per cent.
""
if steel the chief component
part
45 per cent.
Fire-screens, all kinds
35 per cent.
Fireproof safes (iron)
Firewood
Fireworks, average
Fish, all kinds, the products of the sea
fisheries of Newfoundland
all other pickled, in barrels -
all other, foreign caught, otherwise
than in brls., or half brls., or whether
fresh, smoked or dried, salted, or
pickled, not otherwise provided for
,,cod, dried
herring, pickled or salted†
living
Mai
| | | |
= per box.
1
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
| | | |
04 2
| |
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.

35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
$1.50 per brl.
per brl.
063
ct. per lb.
ct. per lb.
$1 per brl.
per lb.
= per lb.
per brl.
0 0 0
0.4

2
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
* That part of the Act of August 6, 1846, or any other Act, which requires the sale of fire-crackers or prohibits their deposit in
bonded warehouse, is repealed.
↑ "Fish in kegs or kits, 8 to a brl. of 25 lbs. each. A barrel is well understood, according to commercial usage, to weigh
200 lbs."

149
all -- aber geg
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
¨Àÿ¿Ð»Ñ‹Ñ• pojok sikerei kaimo servitusfare, savezu..
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S. d.
Fish, for bait
fresh, for daily or immediate con-
sumption
glue or isinglass
hooks
**
mackerel
**
in kits
of American catch-
oil, of American fisheries
of foreign fisheries
the product of the sea fisheries
of Newfoundland
pickled in foreign salt of American
catch
Free.
Free.
Free.
45 per cent.
$2 per brl.
1
1
1 1
1 ct. per lb.
Free.
= per
per brl.
= per lb.
45 per cent.
084
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
1
1
Free.
1
1
**
plates, joints, or splice bars, wrought
iron. See note to Rail Road
Chairs, page 257
2 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lb.
0 8 4
plates, steel
45 per cent.
prepared
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
preserved in oil (except sardines

and anchovies) -
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
salmon, pickled
$3 per brl.
= per brl.
0 12 6
salmon, prepared
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
salmon, preserved
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
sauces
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
shell
""
skins
Free.
>>
smelts in oil, put up as sardines and
branded" Eperlans a l'Huile," as
sardines which see
sounds and tongues, of cod, hake,
or other fish, dried, as fish glue
sounds, cod, salted in barrels, as fish
not specified pickled in barrels -
Fisheries, American, all articles the pro-
duce of such fisheries
Fishing nets and tackle, according to
material.
Fittings for steam engines, according to
material.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
Free.
$14 per brl.
per brl.
06 3
Free.
20 per cent.
1
1
50 per cent.
1
150
W
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Flageolets
Flags. See Bunting.
Flannels, wholly or in part of wool,
worsted, the hair of the alpaca,
goat, or other like animals :-
30 per cent.
1
£ s.
d.
30 per cent.
valued at 40 cts. or less per lb.
{
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
valued above 40 cts. and not
above 60 cts. per lb.
{
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 0 10 +35 per cent.
0 1 3 +35 per cent.
valued above 60 cts. and not 40 cts. per lb. and
above 80 cts. per lb.
{
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 1 8 +35 per cent.
valued above 80 cts. per lb.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
slightly embroidered, same rates
as above.
plaid
shirting -
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
Flasks (according to material.)
Flat irons, or sad irons, of cast iron
Flats, for ornamenting bonnets, hats, &c.,
of straw or other material
Flax, carpeting
35 per cent.
1½ ct. per
30 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
}
per lb.
0 2 1 + 35
+ 35 per cent.
lb.
per
100 lb.
063

40 per cent.
| 1
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
Italian, so called, but really hemp,
unmanufactured -
$25 per ton
= per ton
5 4 2

New Zealand
stem, or unrotted flax
$20 per ton
= per ton
4 3 4
""
seed, per bushel of 56 lbs.
$15 per ton
per ton
3
2 6
2) cts. per bushel
per bush.
0
0 10
99
oil, per gall. of 7 lbs.
hackled, known as "dress-line"
not hackled or dressed
straw of
30 cts. per gall.
= per gall.
0
1 3
$40 per ton
= per ton
8 6 8
$20 per ton
= per ton
4
3 4
$5 per ton
= per ton
1
0 10
""
New Zealand
tow of
$5 per ton
= per ton
1
0 10
$10 per ton
per ton
2
1 8

151
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Flax, burlaps and like manufactures of
flax, jute, or hemp, or of which
flax, jute, or hemp shall be the
material of chief value, excepting
such as may be suitable for bag-
ring for covering cotton -
manufactures wholly or partly of,
suitable for cotton bagging:
valued at not over 7 cts. per
sq. yard
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
30 per cent.
£ s.
d.
1
2 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 1
valued at over 7 cts. per sq.
yard
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 11/
manufactures, similar to cotton bags
or bagging, except bagging for
cotton, of flax and jute, or hemp,
or of which these are the com-
ponents of chief value, not other-
wise provided for
woven fabrics of, not otherwise pro-
vided for :-
40 per cent.
ub apatt
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
value, 30 cts. or less per sq.
yard
35 per cent.
value, above 30 cts. per sq.
yard. See Linens
40 per cent.
and jute yarns, flax chief value
40 per cent.
35 per cent.

40 per cent.
40 per cent,
or linen yarns, for carpets, not ex-
ceeding No. 8 Lea :--
valued at 24 cts. or less per lb.
thread or linen thread, twine and
packthread
30 per cent.
valued above 24 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
11
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
Fleams, as cutlery
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
Flies, Spanish, or Cantharides
Free.
Flint, flints and ground flintstones
Free.
Floats, all not over 10 inches long
10 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
per lb.
0 0
+30 per cent.
6 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
per lb.
0 0
+ 30 per cent.
over 10 inches long
Flocks, shoddy or waste, not otherwise
""
provided for
same, if wool
pulverised, wool
20 per cent.
12 cts. per lb.
12 cts. per lb.
www
per
100lbs.
= per
100lbs.
LOL ME
2 10 0
2 10 O
20 per cent.
1

152
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English.
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Floor cloth, canvas
""
cloth of cork, india-rubber, and gutta
percha
(oil cloth) stamped, painted,
or printed:-
valued at not over 50 cts.
per sq. yard
matting
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
valued at over 50 cts. per sq.yard
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
Flor benzoin, benzoic acid
Florentine mosaics, so styled, of slate
Floss, Moravian, on spools of 100 yards,
as cotton thread on spools
cotton :-
silk
valued at not over 40 cts. per
lb.
valued at over 40 cts. and not
over 60 cts, per lb.
valued at over 60 cts. and not
lb.
over 80 cts. per
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
Flour, rye
wheat
""
root
6 cts. per doz. spools
and 30 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
1
= per doz.
spools.
= per lb.
}
| | | | | |
£ s.
| :
d.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
+ 30 per cent.
03 +30
005 +20 per cent.
0 10 + 20 per cent.
0 1 3 +20 per cent.
0 1 8 +20 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
= per lb.
0
= per lb.
40 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
= per lb.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
| | | |
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
camomile
29
Flower pots, according to material.
Flowers, artificial and ornamental, or
parts thereof, of whatever
material composed, not other-
wise provided for

medicinal, crude, not other-
dried and prepared
wise provided for
"natural grass,"
so called,
being natural grasses dried
and prepared
orange and buds
seeds
99
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
used in dyeing
wax, in glass cases or other-
wise, as artificial flowers
all other, not otherwise pro-
vided for
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
|||
1
::
| | ||
11
| | | |
| | | |
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.

153
..
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Flues, steam, gas, and water, wrought
iron
Fluid, burning
Flutes
toy, as toys for children
Foil, gold or silver
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
3 cts. per lb.
50 cts. per gall.
30 per cent.
= per
100lbs. (
= per gal.
£ S.
0 14 7
d.
0 2 1
1 1
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
brass
**
blades of steel
""
of iron
tin
copper chief value
Foils for fencing-
Foliæ digitalis
Foot muffs, of dressed sheep skin, with
wool on, and leather
Forges, according to material.
Forgings for steam engines, according to
material.
Forks, table, gold, silver, or German
>>
tines
Fossils
silver
with blades of iron or steel
and handles of wood,
ivory, turtle shell,
mother-of-pearl,
or bone
vid
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
horn,
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Fountains, by American artists-
for presentation to national
institutions, or to any state
or municipal corporation
Fowls, land and water, living
Frankfort black -
Frankincense gum
1
BLA
1
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
Free.
Free.
25 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
Frames and sticks for umbrellas, finished
or not, not otherwise provided for
for looking-glasses (additional to
plates), according to material.
Free goods from beyond the Cape of Good
Hope, imported from places west thereof,
are liable to 10 per cent. duty ad
valorem.
Freestone
35 per cent.
$1.50 per ton
per ton
0 6 3
154
_____DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.

French green, dry or moist
leaf, rocoa or orleans
sand, crude mineral substance
Fringes, silk
cotton chief value
"wool, worsted, or mohair. See
Trimmings
other (according to material).
Frizettes, hair-
30 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
| | | | |
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
}
= per lb.
021 + 50 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
silk
Frosts, glass
Fruit ethers
99
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
$2 per lb.
per lb.
0 10 5
juice
green, ripe, or dried, not other-
wise provided for
plants, tropical and semi-tropical,
for the purpose of propagation.
or cultivation -
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
pickled
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
preserved in their own juice
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
comfits or sweetmeats, preserved
in sugar, brandy, or molasses,
not otherwise provided for
put up with water only in her-
metically sealed cans, jars, or
bottles
syrup, orange and lemon juice
boiled with sugar for use as
beverages
35 per cent.
35 per cent.

25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
29
bottles and glass jars containing
preserves or sweetmeats pay
separate duty of
40 per cent.
99
if fancifully arranged in glace
style, charged as confectionery.
Frying pans, tinned
Fulminates, fulminating powders, and
all articles used for like purposes, not
otherwise provided for
Fuller's earth
35 per cent.
1
1
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
Fuel economisers, according to mate-
rial.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
$3 per ton
= per ton
0 12 6

155
ازار از پرونویید یا رای او شده و دارای روانی دارد تایر ایا اور رات
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
Furniture, coach and harness
**
99
""
house or cabinet, in pieces or
rough, and not finished
finished
springs
tops for, of composition or
scagliola
slate tops for
marble tops for
Fur, caps, hats, muffs, tippets, and all
manufactures of, not otherwise pro-
vided for
**
coney-plates,"
SO called, being
parts of coney skins sewed together
and used for linings, and for manu-
facture of children's cloaks, &c., as
manufactures of furs
,, skins, partially dressed
waste
Furs, dressed, on the skin, all*
**
""
not dressed, on the skin
hares', not on skin, and undressed
hatters', not on the skin
Fusel oil-
Fustic, in sticks
{
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
2 cts. per lb. and
15 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
}
1
per lb.
£ s. d.
1
11
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 0 1 +15 per cent.
1
| | | | | | | ∞ |
| | | | | |
20 per cent.
$2 per gall.
= per gall,
08.4
Free.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
G.
Gaiters, lastings and cloths for, are liable
to the rates prescribed for
similar fabrics not intended
for such use.
Galanga or galangal
Gallic acid
Free.
$1 per lb.
Galloons, bugle and mohair, as galloons, 50 cts. per lb. and
>>
part mohair
cotton
{
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
Beherd
11
}
per lb.
= per lb.
04 2
0 2 1
+ 50 per cent.
35 per cent.
*This embraces squirrels' tails, dyed or dressed, or which, although not dyed, have undergone a process beyond the raw or
natural condition, which has cleansed, softened, prepared, or dressed them, so that they have been brought to a state fit and ready
without any further preparation, to be used as imported. Also dressed black lambskins.
156

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Galloons, gold, silver, or other metal
93
silk
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
..
{
50 cts. per lb. and
}
= per lb.
"wool, worsted, or mohair
Galls, nut
Galvanic batteries, as philosophic appa-
ratus
Galvanized iron, if galvanized by electric
دو
batteries
if galvanized otherwise
than by electric bat-
teries
if corrugated and punched
for roofing, is subject
to same duty as gal-
vanized iron.
tin plates, as galvanized iron.
iron telegraph wire
Gambia, or gambier, as cutch
Gamboge, gum
50 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
£ S. d.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
0 2 1 50 per cent.
40 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.-
= per lb.
001
21 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 11
Free.
Free.
per lb.
0 0 1 +15 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
{
2 cts. per Ib. and
15 per cent.
}
=
Game, prepared
35 per cent.
bags, leather, as manufactures of
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
| | |
e clay
$5 per ton
= per ton
1 0 10
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
leather, not otherwise provided
for
twines, flax

Games, wood and paper, as toys
Gannister, ground, mixed wi
and used for the same purpose
Garance, or granza, prepared madder
Garancine, extract of madder
Garbanum, gum
Garden seeds, not otherwise provided for
22
shears
tools, according to material.
Garnet jewellery, so called, of glass and
iron, being imitations of jet,
dutiable as jet imitations
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
Garnets, set
25 per cent.
not set
22
10 per cent.
111
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
Garters, elastic, of wire, covered with
10 per cent.
leather
,, retorts, earthenware
Gas flues and tubes, wrought
Gaze, Chamberg
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
31 cts. per lb.
= per lb. 0 0 12
25 per cent.
60 per cent.
1
25 per cent.
60 per cent.

157
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan.
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Gaze, crêpe Anglais, as silk veil goods.
Gelatine and all similar preparations
Gems
set
where specially imported, in good
faith, for the use of any society
incorporated or established for
philosophical, literary, or reli-
gious purposes, or for the en-
couragement of the fine arts, or
for the use or by the order of
any college, school, academy, or
seminary of learning
Genoese linen coatings, coloured, valued
at not over 30 cts. per sq. yd.
Gentian-root
Gentionella blankets
Geological collections
German silver (argentine), manufac-
{
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
Free.
1
| |
}
= per lb.
£ s. d.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
I
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
tures of
40 per cent.
silver, albata, or argentine, un-
manufactured
35 per cent.
spring steel
30 per cent.
Gespinst
25 per cent.
Gig hames, metal -
35 per cent.
"springs
35 per cent.
Gill twine
40 per cent.
| | | | | |
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
**
for
Gilt jewellery, or mock jewellery of brass
or other metal
ware, silver or German silver
Gimlets, as manufactures of steel
Gimps, cotton
Gin
linen
silk
wool, worsted or mohair
other (according to material).
Ginger ale or beer
essence of
ground
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
" plated ware, not otherwise provided
35 per cent.
{
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
|| ||||
܀܇
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
}
= per lb.
=per proof } 0
$2 per proof gall. {=Pen
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
= per
per lb.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
} 0 8 4
001
0 11/2
20 per cent.
35 per cent.


འ
158
Shinpaikka visie vriences sjööves
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S.
d.
Ginger, preserved or pickled
root, dried or green
Ginghams, cotton, as cotton jeans, &c.
Ginseng root
Girandoles, according to materials.
Glass bottles and all other articles of, cut,
engraved, painted, coloured,
printed, stained, silver or gilded,
not including plate glass silvered
or looking glass plates
same, plain, mould or press, not
cut, engraved, or painted, and
not otherwise provided for
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
all manufactures of, not otherwise
provided for
40 per cent.
all manufactures in part of, not
frey otherwise provided for
40 per cent.
beads
50 per cent.
bead necklaces
50 per cent.
11
1 11
""
bottles or jars, filled with sweetmeats
** or preserves
.:
40 per cent.
""
contents of, other than 'pre-
served ginger, as comfits
35 per cent.
""
if preserved ginger
35 per cent.
same, filled with articles not other-
いい
​40 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
wise provided for
30 per cent.
bugles
50 per cent.
bulls' eyes
35 per cent.
""
buttons, as buttons, not otherwise
provided for
30 per cent.
""
carboys
35 per cent.
"
chimneys, cut, ground, however
slightly, or coloured
40 per cent.
1
30 per cent.

50 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
compositions of, for jewellers' use,

not set
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
"
compositions of, for jewellers' use,
set
30 per cent.
35
crystals for watches
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
22
cutters' stones, as
grindstones,
viz.:
finished
$2 per ton
rough or unfinished, or rough
hand dressed
$11 per ton
= per ton
= per ton
0 8 4
063
demijohns (whether empty or con-
taining liquids)
40 per cent.
40 per cent.

159
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Glass disks, optical, or object glasses for
telescopes, edges ground or cut-
goblets, partly ground
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
or glasses, paintings on
painted, for windows
pebbles, for spectacles
40 per cent.
plates or disks, for optical instru-
ments, unwrought
10 per cent.
cuff and sleeve buttons
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
1 1 1 1 1
[1] T
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan.
tities.
A
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
spectacles, steel mounted
all other
fluted, rolled, or rough plate (not
including crown, cylinder, or
common window glass) :-
not above 10 x 15 inches square
above 10 x 15 and not above 16 × 24
2 ct. per sq. ft.
1 ct. per sq. ft.
=per 100
sq. ft.
=per 100
0 3 1
above 16 x 24 and not above 24 x 30 ·
all above 24 × 30
sq. ft.
04 2
1½ ct. per sq. ft.
2 cts. per sq. ft.
=per 100
sq. ft.
=per 1001
sq. ft.
06 3
098 4
PROVIDED, that all fluted, rolled, or
rough plate glass, weighing over
100 lbs. per 100 sq. feet, shall pay
an additional duty on the excess
at the same rates above imposed.
Glass, all cast or polished plate glass, un-
silvered :-
not above 10 x 15 inches square
above 10 × 15 and not above 16 × 24 -
above 16×24 and not above 24 × 30 -
above 24 × 30 and not above 24 × 60 -
all above 24 × 60
Glass, all cast or polished plate glass, sil-
vered, or looking-glass plates:*-
not above 10× 15 inches square
2,2
3 cts. per sq. ft.
=per 100
sq. ft.
0 12 6
5 cts. per sq. ft.
8 cts. per sq. ft.
25 cts. per sq. ft.
50 cts. per sq. ft.
per 100
sq. ft.
=per 100
sq. ft.
1 0 10
oda
1 13 4
1a droda
per 100
sq. ft.
5 4 2
per 100
sq. ft.
10 8 4 buns
84db
4 ets. per sq. ft.
{ = per 100
0 16 8
sq. ft.
* "The term 'Looking Glass Plate' means any kind of silvered glass used as looking glasses, although not in fact plate glass."

160
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.

Glass-continued.
above 10x 15 and not above 16 × 24-
above 16 x 24 and not above 24 x 30 -
above 24× 30 and not above 24 × 60
all above 24 × 60
PROVIDED, that no looking-glass
plates or plate glass, silvered,
when framed, shall pay a less rate
of duty than that imposed upon
similar glass not framed, but
shall pay in addition 30 per ct.
upon such frames.
Glass, all unpolished cylinder, crown, and
common window glass:*.
£ S. d.
6 cts. per sq.
ft.
=per 100
sq. ft.
1 5 0
10 cts. per sq. ft.
per 100
sq. ft.
2 1 8
35 cts. per sq. ft.
=per 100
60 cts. per sq. ft.
sq. ft.
=per 100
7 5 10
sq ft.
12 10 0
above 16 x 24 and not above 24 × 30 -
all above 24 × 30
Glass, cylinder, and crown glass, polished:-
not above 10 x 15 inches square
above 10 × 15 and not above 16 × 24 -
above 16 × 24 and not above 24 × 30 -
above 24 × 30 and not above 24×60 -
all above 24 × 60
not above 10x 15 inches square
1½ ct. per lb.
above 10 x 15 and not above 16 × 24 -
2 cts. per lb.
2 cts. per lb.
=per 100
lbs.
=per 100
lbs.
=per 100
lbs.
063
0 8 4
0 10 5
3 cts. per lb.
=per 100
lbs.
0 12 6
21 cts. per sq. ft.`
4 cts. per sq. ft.
6 cts. per sq. ft.
20 cts. per sq. ft.
40 cts. per sq. ft.
=per 100 1
sq. ft.
=per 100
sq. ft.
per 100
sq. ft.
0 10 5
0 16 8
1 5 0
per 100
sq. ft.
=per 100
sq. ft.
4 3 4
8 6 8
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
Glass, coloured, for manufacture of buttons.
and imitation of precious stones
old or broken in pieces, which
cannot be cut for use, and fit
only to be remanufactured
* "No decision of the Treasury Department has recognised as 'window' any other than the broad, crown, or cylinder glass;
glass ground on one side must be taken as a manufacture of glass."

161
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Glass, tinted or coloured window glass,
in sheets, for manufacturing
church windows, is dutiable by
the sq. foot the same as un-
coloured glass of the same kind.
porcelain and Bohemian, cut or not.
Glauber salts
Glazed calf skins, as japanned leather
Glaziers' diamonds
Globes, glass, for lamps or gas jets
wood or paper
wood and metal, but metal chief
value
Gloves, cotton, lined with wool waste
**
>>
cotton
cotton, edged at the wrist with
a small stripe or stripes of
coloured worsted yarn, knit in
for the purpose of ornament,
as cotton hosiery
hair
kid or other leather
linen
>>
silk
40 per cent.
ct. per lb.
35 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
£ s. d.
40 per cent.
per lb.
0001
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
valued at not over 40 cts.
per lb.
woollen cloth
knit, wool, worsted, hair of alpaca,
goat, &c. :-
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1
+40 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
valued at over 40 and not
over 60 cts.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
valued at over 60 and not
over 80 cts.
valued at over 80 cts.
per lb. -
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
0 1 3 + 35 per cent.
0 18+ 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
wool or worsted, not knit
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
L
36247.

162
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Glue
fish
,, stock, hide cuttings for
Glucose
Glycerine
Goats, living
hair, value at place whence ex-
ported, 32 cts. or less per lb.
of greater value
Goat skins of Angora goat, raw or un-
manufactured, with wool on.
See Wool on the skin
""
of Angora goat, raw without
the wool
of all other goats, raw
with wool or hair on, finished,
fit and intended for imme-
diate use as rugs, dutiable
as rugs
Goblets, glass, partly ground
Gold bracelets
ވ
(bullion and coin)
embroideries, not otherwise provided
dust
""
for
jewellery
medals
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
11 per cent.
12 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
30 per cent. on skins
alone.
Free.
Free.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
per lb.
= per lb.
£ S.
3 | | | | | |
005
d.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
+ 11 per cent.
0 0 6 + 10 per cent.
| |
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
$1.50 per pkge.
| 1
20 per cent.
=per pkge. 063
40 per cent.
1
40 per cent.
*29
رو
29
muriate of
old and unfit for use without remanu-
facturing, as bullion
oxyd of
leaf, package of 500 leaves
leaf, half gold, as gold leaf.
articles not otherwise provided for -
and silver epaulets, galloons, laces,
tassels, tresses, and wings, knots,
and stars
ore de
25 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
"2
""
paper in any form
>>
pens
40 per cent.
shells or gold saucers for painting
40 per cent.
studs, with or without settings
25 per cent.
watch chains
watches
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
| 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.

163
sjes iäkkäristää
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
| | | | | |
= per
100 lb.
0 5 2
Gold, size
**
sweepings of
beaters' skins and moulds
Goloe shoes, goloshes, or clogs of leather -
**
Gomline, as albumen
**
wood
Gothenberg octagonal shaped iron
Gouges, as manufactures of steel
Gowns, as clothing, according to material.
Grain. See note below.*
bags, American and other, if ex-
ported containing American pro-
duce, and returned empty accord-
ing to regulations
bags, American, if exported filled.
with American produce, or ex-
ported empty and returned filled
with foreign products, may be
returned to the United States
under regulations
bags, foreign, in which grain shall
have been actually exported
from the United States may be
returned empty thereto under
regulations to be prescribed by
the Secretary to the Treasury-
Grains, tanned or tawed, as leather
of Paradise or amomum
**
Granadilla wood
>>
manufactures of
Grana or granella, cochineal
Granite
dressed or polished
Granza or garance, prepared madder
juice or pulp
Grape sugar
Grapes. See Damage on Fruit
Graphite or plumbago
Free.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
14 cts. per lb.
45 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
$11 per ton
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per
r cent.
Free.
WA.
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
= per ton
0 6 3
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
* For the purpose of estimating the duties on importations of grain, the number of bushels shall be ascertained by weight
instead of by measuring; and 60 pounds of wheat, 56 pounds of corn, 56 pounds of rye, 48 pounds of barley, 32 pounds of oats
60 pounds of peas, and 42 pounds of buckwheat, avoirdupois weight, shall respectively be estimated as a bushel.
In all cases in which the invoice or entry does not contain the weight, or quantity, or measure of merchandise, now weighed, or
measured, or gauged, the same shall be weighed, gauged, or measured at the expense of the owner, agent, or consignee.
L 2
164
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.

£ s.
d.
>>
Graphite or plumbago mixed with large
quantities of earth, slate, and shaly sub-
stances
Grass bags
bonnets, hats, and hoods.
braids, plaits, &c. for ornamenting
the same
cables or cordage, untarred
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
| | |
| | |
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0011
chine, noils of, bleached and combed
in England
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
cloth
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
""
flowers, being natural grasses dried
and prepared
20 per cent.
mats or matting
Sisal
30 per cent.
| 1
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
$15 per ton.
per ton
326
梦想
​manufactures of, not other-
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
wise provided for
Spanish, or Esparto, and other
grasses and pulp of, for manu-
facture of paper
manufactures of, not otherwise
provided for
Grasshopper springs.
Grates. According to material.
Grease
for use as soap stock only, not other-
wise provided for, and soap stocks
known as "brown grease," obtained
by pressure from wool skins, as
animal oils
Green, French, mineral and Paris, dry or
99
moist
turtles
Greenstone, in block, rough or squared {
Grenadines, silk
cotton, when they count
less than 100 threads to
the square inch
cotton and silk, cotton chief
value, when threads can-
not be counted
Grindstones, rough or unfinished or
10 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
او په کور کرده
30 per cent.
Free.
50 cts. per cubic ft.
and 20 per cent.
60 per cent.
[ 51 cts. per sq. yard
and 20 per cent.
= per
cubic ft.
per sq.
yard
35 per cent.
rough hand dressed - J
$11 per ton
= per ton
""
finished
$2 per ton
per ton
}
"ASA
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
0 2 120 per cent.
60 per cent.
002 +20 per cent.
I
06 3
084
35
per
cent.
1

165
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Gridirons, manufactures of iron
Groats, patent
Ground beans
35 per cent.
20 per cent,
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 0
bean oil.
**
gannister, mixed with fire-clay and
used for the same purposes
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
$5 per ton
Guano and other animal manures, and
substances expressly used for
manure
per ton
1 0 10
Free.
Free.
50 per cent.
imitation of
Guava jelly
50 per cent.
**
marmalade or paste
Guaiac, gum
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
Guhr, earth known as
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Guinea grains, as gum resin, not other-
wise provided for
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Guitars
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
Guitar strings, of cat-gut or whip-gut
Free.
of metal and silk, metal
chief value
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
梦梦
​of metal and silk, metal
not chief value -
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
Gum elastic and manufactures of, as india-
rubber.
Gums, viz.: amber, aloes, Arabic, Aus-
tralia, benzoin or benjamin, Barbary,
bdellium, copal, Cape, chicle, cowrie,
damar, East India, frankincense, garba-
num, gamboge, guaiac, Jeddo, mastic,
myrrh, olibanum, sandarac, Senegal,
shellac, talc, tragacanth, and all gums not
otherwise provided for
Gum perdu
梦梦
​resins, all, not otherwise provided for
substitute or burnt starch
Gun barrels, if wholly of iron
>>
blocks
**
locks, steel -
cotton or coton azotique :
Free.
$1 per lb.
屋
​= per lb.
0 4 2
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
+ | |
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
valued at not over 20 cts. per lb.
valued at over 20 cts. per lb.
6 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 3
+ 20 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 5
+ 20 per cent.

166
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£
S.
d.
Upon invoiced
Value.
B.
}
= per lb.
Gun wads, sporting, of all descriptions
not sporting, of paper, cattle
hair, or wool waste (the
latter of no merchantable
value), as manufactures of
paper
99
""
not sporting, of wool or wool
waste, of any merchantable
value
barrels, part steel
" rods, iron
19
""
steel
Gunny cloth,* not bagging, of hemp, jute,
or flax :
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
021 35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
valued at 10 cts. or less per
sq. yd.
3 cts. per lb.
valued over 10 cts. per sq. yd.
bags and gunny cloth, old or refuse
fit only for remanufacture
bags and bagging (except bagging
for cotton)†
4 cts. per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
0
0
11
0 0 2
Free.
40 per cent.
29
cloth, suitable for same uses
as
cotton bagging :-
valued at not over 7 cts. per
sq. yd.
2 cts. per lb.
valued at over 7 cts. per sq. yd.
3 cts. per lb.
Free.
= per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 1
0 0 112
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
111
}
per lb.
0 0 3 + 20 per cent.
per lb.
005
+ 20 per cent.
35
per cent.
45 per cent.
The same for manufacture of paper
Gunpowder, and all explosive sub-
stances used for mining,
blasting, artillery, or
sporting purposes :
valued at 20 cts. or less
per lb.-
valued above 20 cts. per lb.
bayonets, and locks for
{
6 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Guns
>>
45 per cent.
"
barrels, moulds for, steel, not in
bars
45 per cent.
plugs and nipples for, of iron and
steel
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
stocks for
*"Gunny cloth, the produce of a country east of the Cape of Good Hope, manufactured into bags in Great Britain, and im-
ported thence into this country, is subject to the discriminating duty of 10 per centum ad valorem.”
Gunny bags into which bags of rice were placed for greater security, and on landing were removed and sold without reference
to the rice, possessed an independent value, and were held to be liable to duty.

167
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Gut and worm-gut, manufactured or un-
manufactured, for whip and other cord
cat (so called) or whip, unmanufac-
tured
Free.
Free.
**
cord or cat-gut strings (so called) for
musical instruments
Free.
purposes
same, or whip-gut strings for other
Guts, salted
and all integuments of animals not
otherwise provided for
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Gutta percha, crude
manufactures of
>>
in smooth sheets
**
Free.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Gypsum or plaster of Paris, calcined or
ground
**
or plaster of Paris, unground
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
H.
Hackles, part steel
Hair, of the alpaca, goat, &c., the value of
which at the last port whence
exported to the United States,
excluding charges, shall be 32 cts.
or less per lb.
same, of greater value
same, manufactured, according to
material.
all manufactures of, not otherwise
provided for
applications for, as toilet articles
bristles
brushes
45 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
11 per cent.
12 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
}
= per lb.
}
per lb.
45 per cent.
0 0 5 +11 per cent.
0 0 6 +10 per cent.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
15 cts per lb.
per lb.
0 0 74
40 per cent.
camels', cleaned or uncleaned, but
not manufactured
40 per cent.
www.
10 per cent.
cow and calf, manufactures of
cloth, not otherwise provided for
10 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.

168
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.I
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Hair* cloth, of the description known as
hair seating: -
18 ins. wide or over
less than 18 ins. wide
cloth known as crinoline cloth
40 cts. per sq. yd.
= per
0 1 8
30 cts. per sq. yd.
sq. yd.
per
01 3
sq. yd. J
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
of all kinds, cleaned or uncleaned,
but unmanufactured, not other-
wise provided for
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
curled, except of hogs, for beds or
mattresses
30 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
Free.
| | |
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
curled, of hogs, for beds and mattres-
ses, and not fit for bristles
,, dressings, dyes, &c., for the hair
horse and cow, not cleaned and dressed
horse, long, used for weaving,
cleaned or uncleaned, drawn or
undrawn
all horse, cattle, cleaned or un-
cleaned, drawn or undrawn, but
unmánufactured
", hogs'
""
39
bonnets, hats, and hoods
bracelets, braids, chains, curls, or
ringlets
,, braids, plaits, flats, trimmings, spar-
terre, tissues, &c., used for orna-
menting hats, bonnets, and all
manufactures, not otherwise pro-
vided for
وو
>>
nets for the hair, of silk and gum
elastic
nets for the hair, wool or worsted
human, raw, uncleaned, and not
drawn
""
"
human, cleaned or drawn, but not
human, when manufactured
manufactured
Free.
| |
Free.
1 ct. per lb.
= per
100 lb.
04 2
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
1
30 per cent.
60 per cent.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
* Held that the selvage is part of the fabric and to be included in the measurement of width.

169
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
" gold leaf
>>
99
pins, india rubber
restoratives
switches, so called, of coloured
cotton
watch guards, of human hair
Hake sounds
Half duck, for sails
stuff, pulp for paper
Halter chains, made of wire or rods not
less than inch in diameter
Hair, human, netting of, foundation for
وو
wigs
oils
", pencils
perfumeries or cosmetics.
**
**
pins, of iron wire
pins, of gutta percha
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
£
s. d.
| | | | | | |
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
{
40 cts. per lb. and
{
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
$1 per package of
500 leaves.
20 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 18+ 20 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
= per
1 pkge.
}
0 6 3
1
20 per cent.
21 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 11
same, of wire or rods less than
inch, and not under No. 9 wire
gauge
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 11/
same, of wire or rods under No. 9
same, tinned or washed
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
rings, as saddlery
35 per cent.
Hames, as saddlery
35 per cent.
1111
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Hammers, blacksmiths'
21 cts. per lb.
per
100 lb.
}
0 10 5
>>
brass. See note to Manufac-
tures of Brass
35 per cent.
iron
>>
35 per cent.
>>
part steel
45 per cent.
Hams
2 cts. per lb.
= per
per lb.
0 0 1
1110
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Hand saws, not over 24 ins. long-
f 75 cts. per doz. and
>>
over 24 ins. long
Hand-bills or show-bills, lithographed
Handle bolts of wood
Handles for chests and drawers, according
to material.
Hangers
Handkerchiefs, cotton, printed, as cot-
tons*
30 per cent.
$1 per doz. and
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
145 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
1 1
11
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
* "Handkerchiefs, pocket, although hemmed or otherwise prepared for use, are articles carried and not worn.”
= per doz.
0
3 1+30 per cent.
= per doz.
0 4 2 + 30 per cent.
25 per cent.

170
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Handkerchiefs, linen, hem stitched or
hemmed
silk
linen* :-
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
valued at not over
30 cts. per sq. yard
35 per cent.
valued at over 30
cts. per sq. yard
40 per cent.
1
£ s.
d.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
**
cambric, with cotton
border, as linen hand-
kerchiefs.
Hardware, coach and harness, as saddlery
35 per cent.
Hares' furs, undressed and not on the
20 per cent.
skins
on the skin, dressed
skins, with fur on, not dressed in
any manner -
partially dressed
Harmonicons
Harness, as saddlery
furniture and hardware
**
Harps and harpsichords
strings, gut
Harrows, according to material.
Hartshorn and spirits of, medicinal pre-
parations.
Hassocks, subject to duty imposed on
carpets or carpeting of like character or
description.
Hat bands, silk and cotton, but commer-
mercially known as silk hat bands,
"
as silk trimmings
bodies, cotton
wholly or partly of wool
Hatchets, as manufactures of steel
Hats, of chip, grass, palm leaf, willow, or
any other vegetable substance,
or of hair, whalebone, or other
material, not otherwise provided
for
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
| | | |
4
1
| | | | |
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent
35 per cent.
1 1
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
* Handkerchiefs with small plain linen centre, and the rest of linen thread lace, dutiable, not as thread lace, but as hand-
kerchiefs.

171
si
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Hats, braids, flats, plaits, laces, trimmings,
tissues, willow sheets and squares
used for making or ornamenting
**
the same
braids, cotton, imported for trim-
ming hats, but which may be used
for other purposes
fur
leather
linings, according to materials.
silk
straw
wool :*
valued at 40 cts., or less per lb.
valued above 40 cts. and not
above 60 cts. per lb.
valued above 60 cts. and not
above 80 cts. per lb.
valued above 80 cts. per lb.
woollen cloth
wool or worsted knit, as hats of
wool.
Hatters' plush of silk and cotton (cotton
chief value)
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
1
1 1
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
= per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 10
0 1 3 + 35 per cent.
40 per cent.
+ 35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 1 8 + 53 per cent.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
25 per cent.
I
25 per cent.
99
irons, of cast iron
Hatwire, of steel
Hautboys, musical instruments
Haversacks, leather
Hay
cutting knives
Hay making machines, according to
material.
Heading blocks, rough hewn or sawed
only
Headings of barrels
Head nets, of silk and gum elastic
1½ ct. per lb.
{
9 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
= per
100lbs.
= per lb.
063
004+ 10 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
111
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
*"The term 'hats of wool' applies only to hats the bodies of which are composed of wool that has undergone no process of
manufacture, except felting or fulling, but not hats of cloth of wool."
172

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
revarenjaçõesmama paddlegradingtipským
Head nets, wool, worsted, &c.
Healds, old, the worn out harness of cot-
ton looms, fit only for re-manufacture
Hedge or garden shears -
Hellebore root
Hemlock bark, seed and leaf
>>
>>
extracts
Hemp, Indian (crude drug)
Manilla, and other like substitutes
for hemp, not otherwise provided
for
Russia, or other unmanufactured
sun
>>
""
tow of (codilla)
>>
**
>>
19
all unenumerated manufactures of,
wholly or partly of (hemp chief
value), other than such as can
be measured by the sq. yard
yarn of
bagging, wholly or partly of hemp,
suitable as bagging for cotton :—
valued at not over 7 cts. per
sq. yard
valued at over 7 cts. per sq.
yard
bags and bagging, wholly or partly
of, except bagging for cotton.
bale rope of
carpeting of
all burlaps and like manufactures
of, or hemp chief value, except
such as may be suitable for bag-
ging for cotton
""
cloths of, other than above :-
valued at not over 30 cts. per
£
S. d.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent,
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
| | | | | |
$25 per ton
$25 per ton
per ton
per ton
5 4 2
5
4 2
$15 per ton
$10 per ton
per ton
per ton
3
2 6
2
1 8
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
| | | |
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 21/
2 cts. per lb.
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 1
001
0 0 1
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
=
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
8 cts. per sq. yard
per
sq. yd.
} 0 0 4
30 per cent.
sq. yard
35 per cent.
valued at over 30 cts. per sq. yard
40 per cent.
cod lines
99
rags for making paper
99
sail duck, or canvas for sails
sash cord -
seed
30 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
ct. per lb.
23 cts. per gall.
99
oil
1
| | | | | |
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.

30 per cent.
30 per cent.
= per
per lb.
per gall. 0 0 111

173
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Hemp, sheetings, brown or white
unmanufactured, called "Italian
flax," but really hemp
Henbane leaf
Herring, pickled or salted
Hervey's magnesia
Hessians. See Bags and Cotton bagging.
Hide cuttings, raw, with or without the
hair on, for glue stock
rope
Hides, raw or uncured, whether dry, salted,
or pickled
tanned
35 per cent.
$25 per ton
Free.
$1 per barrel
or
50 cts. per 100 lbs.
50 per cent.
**
Hinges, wrought or cast iron
other (according to material).
Hobby horses, toys for children -
Hods, coal, copper
**
Hoes, iron
iron -
part steel
steeled
Hoffman's anodyne
Hogs' hair
99 99
curled, for beds and mattresses,
and not fit for bristles
Hogsheads, as casks
Hoisting machinery, according to
£
S.
d.
per ton
|
5 4 2
35 per cent.
= per brl.
0 4 2
per
100 lbs.
}
2 1
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
per
100lbs.
0 10 5
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 2 1
1 ct. per lb.
per lb.
Free.
30 per cent.
| |
| 1
0 0 0
30 per cent.
material.
Hollands, brown :-
valued at not over 30 cts. per
sq. yard
35 per cent.
valued at over 30 cts. per sq. yd.
40 per cent.
Hollow ware, glazed or tinned, embracing
31 cts. per lb.
castings of iron only
Hones and whetstones
Honey
water, cosmetic
Free.
20 cts. per gall.
50 per cent.
1
= per
100lbs.
}
= per gall.
0 14 7
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
0 0 10
50 per cent.
174
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Hoods, of straw, chip, grass, palm leaf,
willow, or other vegetable sub-
stance, or of hair, whalebone,
or other material not otherwise
provided for -
braids, plaits, flats, laces, trim-
mings, tissues, willow sheets
and squares, used for making
or ornamenting the same
Hoofs
Hooks, fish
>>
reaping
and eyes (according to material).
Hoop iron, from inch to 6 inches wide,
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
$30 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
""
and not thinner than inch
if thinner than inch, and not
thinner than 20 wire gauge -
all thinner than 20 wire gauge
14 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
}
5 21/20
1 cts. per lb.
12 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
35 per cent.
= per
100 lbs.
063
0 7 31
35 per cent.
Hoops, iron
""
Hops
iron, not advanced beyond hoop
iron except cut into lengths as
hoops, duty as hoop iron.
wood, split, not finished
wood
Hop poles, unmanufactured
roots for cultivation -
Horn, manufactures of, not otherwise
provided for
plates for lanterns
strips
Horns and horn tips
Horsehair, cleaned or not, drawn or not,
but unmanufactured
Horsehair, long, for weaving, cleaned or
not
Horses
of immigrants, other than "teams
immigrants' teams, including their
harness and tackle, and vehicles
drawn by them, in actual use
for the purposes of the immi-
gration, under regulations.
Horseshoe nails
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
8 cts, per lb.
20 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
per lb.
004
11011
1
| | | |
| | |
20 per cent.
35 per cent.

20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
5 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 212
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
w
| |

"
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
175
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
24
£ s. d.
Horseshoe nails,iron, and all similar iron,
should be classified as bar or
flat iron, according to size,
without regard to length of
bars, designation, or quality.
See page 181.
Horse clippers -
Hose, leather
Hosiery, cotton
**
繁
​knit, wholly or partly of wool
or worsted:
valued at not over 40 cts.
per lb.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
valued at over 40 and not 30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
per lb.
= per lb.
over 60 cts. per lb.
valued at over 60 and not
over 80 cts. per lb.
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
woven wholly or partly of wool
silk, and silk and cotton
Hour glasses
Household effects of immigrants, which
have been in actual use at
least one year, and which
are intended for their own
use and not for sale
furniture, finished
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
**
>>
in pieces or rough,
and not finished
30 per cent.
only
Hubs, for wheels, rough hewn or sawed
otherwise than rough hewn or
sawed
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Huckabacks, valued at not over 30 cts.
per sq. yard
35 per cent.
valued at over 30 cts. per
sq. yard
40 per cent.
99
Human skeletons, and other preparations
of anatomy
Hungary waters, cosmetic
Hyacinth bulbs -
Hydraulic apparatus
jacks
according to
material.
Free.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
0 1 3 +35 per cent.
0 1 8 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
60 per cent.
40 per cent.

| | | | | | 1 111
1 1 1
35 per cent.
30 per cent.

20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
7.
176

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
:
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.

Hydriodate of potash
75 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0
3 11
Hydro-carbonate of lime, as whiting
1 ct. per ib.
= per lb.
0
0
0/1/2
Hydrometers, part glass
Hyoscyamus or henbane leaf
Hypo-sulphate of soda
40 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
I.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
Ice
Iceland moss
Ice safes, according to material.
Illuminating oils
Illustrated books and papers
Imitation or mock jewellery, of brass or
other metal
precious stones, not set
set
Imitations or models, in papier mâché,
of anatomical and botanical specimens
Immigrants' personal and household.
effects, teams of animals, professional
books, &c., and implements of trade,
under regulations
Inclined planes, bars for, made to pattern,
and fitted to lay down
Indecent articles, importation prohibited.
Indian madder or munjeet, ground or pre-
99
وو
pared
corn or maize, per bushel of 56 lbs.
hemp, as other substitutes for hemp
hemp (crude drug)
meal
99
red
,, or Malacca joints, as canes, un-
finished
same, not further manufactured
than cut into suitable lengths
for the manufactures into which
they are intended to be con-
verted
}
Free.
Free.
40 cts. per gall.
per gall.
018
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.

Free.
70 cts. per 100 lbs.
Free.
10 cts. per bush.
$25 per ton
Free.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
1
per
100 lbs.
}0 211
per bush.
= per ton
0 0 5
5 4 2
1
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.

177
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
India-rubber "Arctic shoes," of rubber 50 cts. per lb. and
99
**
and wool
bags
balls, solid, for children, from
inch to 2 inches in dia-
meter, as toys
same, of larger sizes, not
children's tovs
{
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
same, wholly of india rubber,
and not toys
25 per cent.
boots and shoes of
""
30 per cent.
same, differing from the or-
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
£ s.
d.
= per lb.
02 1
+40 per cent.
1
1
1
1
25 per cent.
50 per cent,
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
梦梦
​>>
**
**
dinary only in having felted
lining, part wool-
bougies
braces, suspenders, webbing
or other fabrics, wholly or
in part of india rubber,
not otherwise provided
for, no part silk, wool,
worsted, or mohair
same, silk and rubber, or silk,
rubber, and cotton, silk
not chief value
same, part worsted, as wear-
ing apparel of worsted
catheters
cloth, linen foundation
>>
**
29
""
>>
**
**
95
36247.
cotton foundation, rub-
ber chief value
cotton foundation, cot-
ton chief value
crude, and milk of -
imitation jet jewellery
injection bags or syringes
in coloured sheets or cakes,
for dentists' use, partially
vulcanised, but requiring
further manufacture to fit
it for use
in Para sheets, cakes, or other
forms, advanced beyond
crude, but not vulcanised
in any degree, or other-
wise manufactured
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per
cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
}
1
= per lb.
| | | |
| |
1
35 per cent.
50 per cent.

0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
10
10 per cent.
M
178
£ s.
d.
1
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
fellgolt at boyut
:
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
1
1
India-rubber in strips, unmanufactured -
22
3090 797 G&
""
>>
manufactures of, mixed with
silk chief value
manufactures, rubber and
cotton, cotton chief value
mats, not exclusively of vege-
table matter
,, nipple shields
pessaries
Free.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
per cent.
35
35 per cent.
pouches
25 per cent.
same, for manufacture of toy
balloons
25 per cent.
1
1111
1111
99
""
22
""
རྟོག ཅཙ སྤྱི
new shawls
Indigo-
rolled in sheets, of uniform
width and thickness, par-
tially manufactured
setons
stomach tubes
suspender web
same, of silk and india rub-
ber, or silk, rubber, and
cotton, cotton chief value
articles wholly of india
rubber, not otherwise pro-
vided for
carmined -
extracts of
gepaste
Ink and ink powder
" printers'
stands, glass, cut
,, plain
iron -
leather and glass
paper with glass
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
1
35 per cent.
1 1 1 1
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
25 per cent.
1
1
50 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and 1
40 per cent.
= per lb.
I a
25 per cent.
0 2 1 +40 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
20
per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
gilded
or
orna-
45 per cent.
mented
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
Inlaid work of wood or marqueterie
Insertings, cotton.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
""
porcelain, plain white

silver
thread
"

179
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
1
| |
Institutions, educational, scientific, &c.,
""
99
articles specially imported
for, under regulations
philosophical, literary, or
religious, or for the en-
couragement of the fine
arts, books, maps, and
charts (not more than two
copies in any one invoice),
regalia, gems, statues and
specimens of sculpture,
specially imported in good
faith, for the use of
philosophical, educational,
scientific, or literary, or
for the encouragement of
the fine arts, all philo-
sophical and scientific ap-
paratus, instruments, and
preparations, statuary,
casts of marble, bronze,
alabaster, or plaster of
Paris, paintings, draw-
ings, and etchings, spe-
cially imported in good
faith, for the use of, and
not intended for sale
Instruments and apparatus, musical
*
梦梦
​>>
99
32
and apparatus, surgeons'
(according to material).
and apparatus, mathematical
(according to material).
and apparatus, philosophical
and
apparatus, philo-
sophical, specially im-
ported in good faith for
the use of any society
incorporated or esta-
blished for religious pur-
poses
and apparatus, philosophical,
part steel
musical, strings for, of cat-
gut
same, of metal and silk, metal
chief value
$
Free.A
Free.
Free.
30 per cent.
*B
40 per cent.
15 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
1
Semugetal
Udiw
Baotalvan

nibol
nderpoposq.
30 per cent,
40 per cent.
15 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
M 2
::
વિગ
180
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
1
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
1
Value.
B.

50 per cent.
Instruments, same, of metal and silk, metal
""
not chief value
philosophical and scientific,
specially imported in good
faith for the use of any
society or institution, in-
corporated or established
for philosophical, educa-
tional, scientific, or lite-
rary purposes, or encou-
ragement of the fine arts,
and not intended for sale
Integuments, all, of animals, not other-
wise provided for
Insulators for use exclusively in tele-
graphy, except those made of glass
Insurance charges, not dutiable.
Inventions, models of, and other im-
provements in the arts
Iodine, crude
resublimed
salts of
Ipecacuanha
Iridium
Iris or orris root -
Iron, acetate or pyrolignate of
99
anchors, or parts of
anchors and cable chains, broken,
66
rusty, or old, unfit for use, dutiable
as scrap iron," but not so if fit
for use as such by repairs
andirons, cast
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
25 per cent.
anvils
1
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
75 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
03 11
15 per cent.
15 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
25 cts. per lb.
21 cts. per lb.
= per
per lb.
= per
100lbs.
=per ton
10 10 0
01 01/2
09 41
$8 per ton
= per ton
1 13 4
11 cts. per lb.
24 cts. per lb.
= per
100lbs.
per ton
= per
100 lbs.
-per ton
= per
100 lbs.
per ton
06 3
77 0
3}

0 10 5
11 13 4
51
4 J
0 10 51
11 13
4
41
axles, or parts of
2 cts. per lb.

1811
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Iron, band, hoop and scroll, from to
6 inches in width, not thinner
than of an inch
= per
0
5
2 1/1/20
14 ct. per lb.
100 lbs.
5 16
8
under inch in thickness, and
not thinner than No. 20,
wire gauge-
1 ct. per lb.
- per ton
per
100 lbs.
8 J
0
6
3
3 1
7
0
0
- per ton
= per
0 7
thinner than No. 20, wire gauge
7 31
13 ct. per lb.
100 lbs.
8
3 4
per ton
bar, round, less than in. diam., in
coils
1 cts. per lb.
per
0 6 3
100 lbs.
梦​》
bar, rolled or hammered, as follows:
flats, from 1 to 6 inches wide, from
in. to 2 ins. thick; rounds,
from in. to 2 ins. diameter;
and squares, from ĝin. to 2 ins.
square
flats, rounds, or squares, of either
greater or less width, thickness,
diameter, or square respectively
than the above
PROVIDED, that all iron in
slabs, blooms,* loops or other
forms, less finished than iron
in bars, and more advanced
than pig iron, except cast-
ings, shall be rated as iron
in bars, and pay a duty
accordingly.
PROVIDED further, that none
of the above iron in bars,
rounds or squares shall pay
a less rate of duty than
bars for railroads, and inclined
planes, made to pattern and
fitted to be laid without further
manufacture
beams, as rolled or hammered, not
otherwise provided for
1 ct. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
per ton
1 s. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
=per ton
35 per cent.
= per
100 lbs.
per ton
0 421
4 13 4 J
6 3
3
7 0 0
}
1
ibar
2 11 1
54 J
35 per cent.
0
70 cts. per 100 lbs.
3
} 14 ct. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
per ton
0
5 21
5 16 8 J
* "Certain so styled iron in muck, bar, or bloom, which by reason of its having been sunk in St. Lawrence Bay, for two years
had become corroded, and in fact only fit to be re-manufactured, was refused admission to entry as old scrap irou. The
department held that its character was not changed."
2
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
182
L

Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Iron, bed screws
21
2 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
bick irons
99
35 per cent.
blacksmiths' hammers and sledges
21 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
board nails and spikes, cut -
1 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
>>
board nails, spikes, rivets, and bolts
(rivet or screw), wrought
boiler or other plate, not less than
3-16 of an inch in thickness
21 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
}0:
1 ct. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
0
17
7
0
0 0
per ton
}
£ s. d.
}0 10 5
}0 10 5
f
06 3
0.10
10 5
6 3
6
35 per cent.
**
boiler or other plate, not otherwise
provided for
bolts to fasten doors, &c.
brads, sprigs, and tacks, cut, not over
16 oz. to the 1,000
$25 per ton
35 per cent.
=
2 cts. per 1,000
same, exceeding 16 oz. to the 1,000
3 cts. per lb.
bolts and hinges, cast
2 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
Į
per ton 5 4 2
= per
1,000
per lb.
५० ०
0 11
0 0 1
0 10 5
35 per cent.
same, wrought
21 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
0 10 5
cables and cable chains, and parts of
21 cts. per lb.
cable chains, broken, as anchors,
broken. See page 105.
per
100 lbs.
- per ton
0 10 5
11 13 4 f
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
casters, furniture
carbonate of
castings not otherwise provided for
chains, trace, halter, fence, and others,
made of wire or rods, not less
than inch in diameter
same, of wire or rods less than
inch and not under No. 9 wire
gauge
same, of wire or rods under No. 9
same, tinned or washed
coated or galvanized with any metal
by electric batteries
other than by electric batteries
cotton ties
30 per cent.
24 cts. per lb. {
3 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
{
= per
100 lbs.
per
100 lbs.
}0 12 6
1
843
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
2 cts. per lb.
perfe
100 lbs.
0
9
6 8
0 10 5 1
21 cts. per lb.
11 13 4 4 J
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
per ton
per
100 lbs.
= per ton
oguulata pi
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
0 10 5

183
DESCRIPTION OF ARTIC LES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Iron curry combs"
>>
cutting knives, part steel
ferrules
**
دو
ferrules, piano
filings
**
fish plates, fish joints or splice bars,
wrought
flues, wrought
frying pans, wrought and tinned
galvanized, for roofing purposes
as iron coated or galvanized.
gas strips, rolled iron in pieces 17
to 18 ft. long, 8 in. wide, and 3
in. thick
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
2 cts. per lb.
31 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
£
S. d.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
= per
100 lbs.
=per ton
= per
100 lbs.
1
084
8-49
35 per cent.
band
9 6 8
8 pupil
0 14 7
cd935 per cent.
**
gas-pipe, cast
>>
gas tubes, wrought
3 cts. per lb.
11 cts. per lb.
16
per
100 lbs. f
0521
1½ cts. per lb.
per ton
= per
100 lbs.
= per
100 lbs.
06 3123
0.0
}
7
16
0 14 **
7 1
6 8
= per ton
hammers, other than blacksmiths'
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
hammers, part steel
45 per cent.
>>
hatters' irons, cast
14 cts. per lb.
45 per cent.
= per 0 6 3 lo tantin
100 lbs.
31 cts. per lb.
- per
100 lbs.
snow sta
0 14 7
**
hollow-ware, glazed or tinned
hoop, cut into lengths for hoops, but
not further manufactured, classi-
fied as hoop iron. See page 174.
hoops, fit for use
horseshoe, and all similar iron,
should be classified as bar or flat
iron, according to size, without
regard to length of bars, designa-
tion, or quality. See page 181.
horse-shoe nails
in pigs, called "Spiegel" -
kentledge,* purchased in the United
States, and used exclusively as
ballast, if landed in the United
States will, if of foreign produc-
35 per cent.
la lan 35 per cent.
undogfoo vib to 44 obizo
cofturnugond bario/hom a aromas
Hay an alboko yib to âd ebizo
= per
1 0 10
100 lbs., 200 (189)
1 9 2
5 cts. per lb.
$7 per ton
= per ton
* Iron kentlidge, used for ballast, landed from wreck, dutiable.
184
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
Iron-continued.
doop
tion or manufacture, be liable to
duty, and if of American produc-
tion or manufacture, be entitled
nob vito free entry under regulations.
lappers
35 per cent.
99
22
larding pins
""
liquor
ོ
22
ta,
""
locomotive tires, or parts of
malleable, in castings, not other-
wise provided for
manufactures of, not otherwise pro-
vided for
moisic, same duty as on all other
species of iron of like condition,
grade, or stage of manufacture.
mails
£ s. d.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
}
21 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
= per
100 lbs.
= per
100 lbs.
=per ton
}0 12 6
0 10 5
5 1
11 13 4 f
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
29
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
mill irons and mill cranks, wrought
2 cts. per lb.
>>
nails, cut
1 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
= per
100 lbs.
8 4
99
patent wrought
39
...nitrate of (chemical salt)
nuts, wrought
99
octagonal bar
,,octagonal shape, from Gothenberg
99
ore
oxide of, or dry colcothar
same, as a medicinal preparation
oxide of, or dry colcothar, as paint -
pipes, steam, gas, and water, cast
""
railroad chairs, wrought
rivets, wrought
2 cts. per lb.
20 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
1 ct. per lb.
14 cts. per lb.
20 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
1½cts. per lb.
2 cts. per lb.
2 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
= per
100 lbs.
= per
100 lbs.
=per ton
= per
100 lbs.
= per ton
= per
100 lbs.
= per ton
per
100 lbs.
= per ton
per
100 lbs.
06 3
}0 10 5
0 8 4
0 5 21
5 16 8
10 5 21
20 per cent.
5 16 8
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
6 3
7
0 0

0 8 41
9
68
0 10 5

185
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Iron, sadirons, cast
29
screws, all except bed and wood
wood, of 2 inches or greater
length
same, less than 2 inches long
1½ cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
{
8 cts. per lb. {
= per
100 lbs.
= per
100 lbs.
£
s. d.
}
06 3
1
1 13 4
35 per cent.
scythes, part steel -
""
shot, cast
shovels and spades
same, part steel
11 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
2 5 10
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
11111
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
>>
""
""
""
sickles, part steel
scroll, maximum thickness of, if
inch wide or over, is inch; if
under 1 inch wide,
16
inch.
slab, so called, for manufacture of
fire and burglar proof safes;
dutiable either as plate or sheet
iron according to its thickness.

spikes and bolts for railroads
sprigs and tacks not over 16 oz. to
the 1,000
same, exceeding 16 oz. to the 1,000
squares, marked on one side
same, iron or steel, all other than
above
pieces of, new
22
pig
""
powder, so called, or wire reduced
to a fine powder by hydrogen
reduced by hydrogen, other than
above
21 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
}2 cts. per 1,000
3 cts. per lb.
3 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
6 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
per ton
=
per 1,000
= per lb.
= per lb.
= per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
=per ton
= per ton
1
$7 per ton
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
""
rolled or hammered, not otherwise
provided for
}
per
14 ct. per lb.
100 lbs.
per ton
0 10 5
11 13 4
0 0 11
0 0 1
}
1
0 0 1 +30 per cent.
003 + 30 per cent.
0 4 2 be
4 13 4 4 J
1 9 2

す
​40 per cent.
manufactured and imported spe-
ecially for toe calks, classified as
rolled or hammered iron.
scrap, cast, of every description $6 per ton
" scrap,
spitu da
05 21
5 16 8 J
ubbigato ad tot bloode ab
and wife de
per ton 1 5 0
40 per cent.
186

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
*
Iron, scrap, wrought, of every description
PROVIDED, that nothing shall
be deemed scrap iron except
waste or refuse iron that has
been in actual use, and fit
only to be re-manufactured.
$8 per ton
per ton
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
1 13 4
Upon declared
Value.
B.
sheet, common or black, not thinner
than No. 20 wire gauge †
14 ct. per lb.
the same, thinner than No. 20, and not
thinner than No. 25 wire gauge ·
same, thinner than No. 25 wire gauge
}
1 ct. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
-per ton
= per
100 lbs.
0 5
5 16 8
21
06
3
31
7 0
-per ton
per
0
0
0 J
0
14 ct. per lb.
100 lbs.
7
311
8 3
4
per ton
4 J
sheet, coated with tin by chemical
bath and sold by weight and size
21 cts. per lb
= per
100 lbs.
0 10
5 1
11 13 4
- per ton
4 J
>>
so called, manufactured by Siemen's
process, classified as steel.
sheet, smooth or polished, by what-
ever name designated
sheet, Bessemer, as steel in sheets.‡
slit rods
"spiral springs for furniture
steamers, small, imported as cargo
stoves and stove plates, cast
sulphate of -
sulphuret of
taggers
{
3 cts. per lb.
11 cts. per lb.
2 cts. per lb. and
15 per cent.
35 per cent.
{
{
14 cts. per lb. {
2
ct. per lb.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
1 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
=per ton
= per
100 lbs.
per ton
= per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
per lb.
0 12
6 1
14 0 0
o f
0 6 3
700 0 f
0 0 1
0 6 3
0 0 01
+15 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.

= per
100 lbs.
0 6 3
2 cts. per lb. and
15 per cent.
= per
100 lbs. fres
0
8 415 per cent.
tailors' irons, cast
telegraph wire, galvanized
Desper Bow
{
* The Department held that where the officers of the customs are satisfied that pieces of new iron, whether more or less than six
inches in length, are fit to be made into spikes or bolts, that is, could appropriately and with reasonable expectation of profit on the
part of the manufacturer be put to such use then they should not classify them as scrap iron. It was not intended, however,
to limit the application of this principle to pieces of new iron fit only to be made into spikes or bolts, but it must be held to embrace
all pieces of new iron, when in
and such new iron should not be condition in which imported they are fit to be manufactured directly into wire or any other article,
classified as scrap iron.
↑ "Iron bands on sheet iron to be considered as tare, being of but trifling value and of the poorest iron, and are thought to be
no more liable to duty than iron hoops around casks or boxes."
"Metal converted, cast or made from iron by the Bessemer or pneumatic process, of whatever form or description, shall be
classed as steel.'"
<

20
187
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
A.
£
S. d.
35 per cent.
= per
0 14 7
3 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
16 6 8
Iron, telegraph cable, of iron, or iron
梦梦
​chief value
tubes, wrought, all kinds
35 per cent.
>>
**
梦梦
​>>
vessels of, cast, not otherwise pro-
vided for
washers, wrought, ready punched -
wire, in whole or part of iron, not
otherwise specified and provided
for, and round iron in coils and
not over-inch diameter, whe-
ther coated with metal or not, to
pay same duty as iron wire, bright,
coppered, or tinned.
wire, drawn and finished, whether
coppered, or tinned, or not, not
over 1-inch diameter, nor thinner
than No. 16 wire gauge
} 14 cts. per lb.
per ton
per
100 lbs.
per ton
0 63
7 0 0
perandi undant 10 DAL
2 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
$2 per 100 lbs. and ſ
15 per cent.
same, over No. 16 and not over $3 per 100 lbs. and
No. 25
same, over or finer than No. 25
as
same, over 4-inch diameter,
manufactures of iron, not other-
wise provided for
all bobbin, hat, ribbon, or other
covered iron wire, pays 5 cts. per
lb. in addition to the above rates.
wire-rope, strand and chain, either
bright, coppered, galvanized, or
coated with other metals, pay the
same rates of duty as the wire of
which they are made.
wire rods, in coils, as rolled or
hammered iron, not otherwise
provided for
wire ribbon, of strands of iron wire
covered with cotton, and united
by a cotton web -
wire, square, to make stretchers for
umbrellas, sunshades, and para-
sols, cut into pieces not exceed-
ing the length therefor -
了
​15 per cent.
$4 per 100 lbs. and
15 per cent.
35 per cent.
08 4
084 + 15 per cent.
{
per
100 lbs.
{
= per 1
100 lbs. f
0 14 7
+ 15 per cent.
0 16 S
per
100 lbs.
...
+ 15 per cent.
now[ bus grov
35 per cent.
dmos
Gould goth
khatowp7 strit
per
14 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
per ton
5 16 8
35 per cent.
Haal gemah Hal begin??
35 per cent.
2
viek
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
188
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
Value.
B.
་་་་
Iron, same, part steel
""
By Morganz wallge
wrought, for ships, steam engines,
and locomotives, or parts thereof,
weighing each 25 pounds or more
Isinglass or fish glue
Istle or tampico fibre, manufactures of, not
suitable for cotton bagging
""
or tampico fibre
Italian cloths, imitation of, cotton, as cot-
ton jeans, drillings, &c.
#cloths, real or imitation, wholly or
partly of wool, worsted, &c. :
45 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
Free.
30 per cent.
Free.
valued at not over 20 cts. per 6 cts. per sq. yd. and
sq. yd.
hes my valued higher
Provided that on all goods
weighing 4 oz. or over per
sq. yd., the duty shall be
flax, so called, but really hemp
Ivory and vegetable ivory, unmanufac-
tured
,,bagatelle, billiard, and chess balls,
chessman, dice, and draughts
combs
manufactures of, not otherwise pro-
35 per cent.
8 cts. per sq. yd. and
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
$25 per ton
Free.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
39
99
drop black
"?
vided for
09
nuts, vegetable ivory
99
parallel rulers, not mounted
29
protractors
rules, without metal
scales
sectors
23
35 per cent.
vegetable, manufactures of, not
otherwise provided for -
35 per cent.
= per
√2 per
100 lbs.
ton
-per ton
1
£
48
A.
s. d.

084
9 6 8
45 per cent.
=
30 per cent.
= per
sq. yd.
per
sq. yd.
0 0 3 + 35 per cent.
004 + 40 per cent.
0 2 1 +35 per cent,
{
{
}
= per lb.
5 4 2
= per ton
1
1

111
1 | 1 | | 11
I
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
85 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
* Italian cloths must be rigidly identified.
worsted not otherwise provided for.
***
.....
Striped and fancy Italians," so called, should be classified as manufactures of

189
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Jackets, woollen
Cardigan
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English.
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
J.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
- per lb.
0 2
1
+ 40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1
+ 35 per cent.
1
50 per cent.
Jack knives
Jacks, clothiers, according to material.
for pianofortes, spinets, &c., iron
Jalap
Japan wax
Japanese cloths and poplins, when they
count less than 100 threads
to the square inch
cloths and poplins, when threads
cannot be counted
Japanned wares, all kinds, not otherwise
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
5 cts. per sq. yd. \
and 20 per cent.
35 per cent.
provided for
40 per cent.
梦梦
​coach and harness furniture and
vided for
35 per cent.
leather of all kinds
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
**
hardware, not otherwise pro-
Jars, glass, filled, pay a separate duty of
other (according to material).
Jeans.
ordinary earthenware, containing
carbonate of ammonia, not dutiable
as jars.
See Cottons.
Jeddo gum
Jellies, all kinds -
111
= per
sq. yd,
Free.
50 per cent.
11
bottles or glass jars containing
jellies pay a separate duty of
40 per cent.
Jerked beef, as beet
1 ct. per lb.
= per lb.
Jet beads and bead ornaments
50 per cent.
bracelets, mounted or ornamented with
gold
35 per cent.
"goods, imitations of, if of glass or india
rubber
35 per cent.
manufactures and imitations of
35 per cent.
,, unmanufactured
Free.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
0 0 23 +20 per cent.

1
111
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
11
101
080201
1
111
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
190 F
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
1
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
[B.
35 per cent.
Jewellery, bog oak or bogwood, so called,
>>
being imitations of jet
(The term jewellery embraces
the manufacture of personal
ornaments in gold, silver, and
precious stones)
imitation of, or mock, of brass
or other metal
of jet, or imitation of jet
Jewels, watch
Joints, fish, wrought iron. See note to
Rail Road Chairs
Malacca or India, not further
manufactured than cut into
dm suitable lengths for the manu-
factures into which they are
mer intended to be converted
Joss-stick or joss-light
Juice, lime and lemon
Juniper berries
fruit
Junk, old
Jute *
and flax, bags and bagging, ex-
cept bagging for cotton
,, bagging for cotton, wholly or partly
99
of:
valued at not over 7 cts. per sq.yd.
valued over 7 cts. per sq. yd.
buttst
carpeting
manufactures of, not otherwise pro-
vided for, other than such as can
be measured by the sq. yd.
rags, for making paper
rejections, vegetable substances not
otherwise provided for
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
B35 per cent.
10 per cent.
1
111
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
per
08 4
100 lbs.cf
Free.
Free.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.

Free.
Free.
$15 per ton
per ton
3 2 6
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
3 cts. per lb.
$6 per ton.
8 cts. per sq. yd. {
30 per cent.
Free.
$15 per ton
per lb.
per lb.
= per ton
per |
sq. yd. J
1
0 0
0 0 11
1
5 0
004
11
| | | |

30 per cent.
per ton
3 2 6
* For tare on jute, see department letter of May 8, 1866, and decision of May 19, 1870.
† Provided that all machinery not now manufactured in the United States, adapted exclusively to manufactures from the fibre of
provided
the ramie, jute, or flax, may be admitted into the United States, free of duty, for two years, from July 1, 1875, and
further that bags, other than of American manufacture, in which grain shall have been actually exported from the United States
may be returned empty to the United States free of duty, under regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury.

191
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
mawon par de knapptem a phengo en wyługa strane.
Jute seed
**
thread waste, fit only for manufac-
ture of paper
woven fabrics, wholly or part of
jute, valued at 30 cts. or less per
sq. yard -
over 30 cts. per sq. yard
yarns of
K.
Kainite or }as Dung Salt. See p. 140.
Kalidunger
Kaleidoscopes
Kaoline -
Kelp (alkaline matter of sea-weeds)
Kermes, animal, crude
**
mineral
Kerosene oil
oil, residuum of, under 20º
Beaumé
oil, residuum of, over 20°
Beaumé
Kettles, brass
cast, of iron
20 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
copper chief value
111
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan.
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
A.
£
8.
d.
1
B.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
ངས་ཚའི། རྒྱབ་
40 per cent.
$5 per ton
Free.
1
= per ton
1 0 10
10 per cent.
40 cts. per gall.
10111
40 per cent.
10 per cent,
per gall. 0 1 8

20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 cts. per gall.
35 per cent.
per gall. 0 0 10
$35 pe
per cent.
14 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs. f
}
06 3
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
T
1
45 per cent.
Keys, watch, if jewellery
**
gilt, with iron pipes, as
manufactures of iron, not
otherwise provided for
gilt, with steel pipes, as
manufactures of steel, not
otherwise provided for
all others according to
material.
all others of gold, silver, or German
silver
Kieserite, crude mineral
Kine pox
Kirschwasser
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
Kitchen furniture
machinery
ranges
according to mate-
rial.
1
**
$2 per proof gall.
{
= per proof o
gall.
084
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
HENKO
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
192
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.

£ s.
d.
Knees, ship
Knife blades and fork tines, for table, com-
plete, excepting not handled, as cutlery
Knit goods, wholly or in part of wool,
worsted, the hair of the alpaca, goat, or
other like animals:
valued at 40 cts. or less per lb.
valued above 40 cts. and not above
60 cts. per lb.
Bar valued above 60 cts. and not above
80 cts. per lb.
valued above 80 cts. per lb.
Knitting machines, part steel
machine needles
needles -
***
Knives, butchers', bread, bowie, budding,
cooks', farriers', fruit, pruning,
shoe, and table, as cutlery
beam, curriers', drawing, fleshers',
hay, putty, straw, and tanners',
as manufactures of steel
pen, jack, and pocket
silver or gold
Knobs, brass, gilt, iron, plated or washed
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 10
+ 35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 1
13
+ 35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
018
+ 35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
Q 2 1
+ 35 per cent.
45 per cent.
| 45 per cent.
{
$1 per 1,000 and
35 per cent.
}
= per 1,000 0 42
0 4 2
+ 35 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
1
24
copper
glass, cut
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
not cut
77
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
111
1111
111
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.

99
with brass, iron, or composi-
tion shanks
1940 per cent.
kasteel
45 per cent.
""
Knockers, brass, iron, gilt, or plated
35 per cent.
Knots, metal
35 per cent.
Kowrie gum
Free.
TEF
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
Kremnitz white
3 cts.
per
lb.
= per lb.
0 0 1
Fat Wong
Kreosote
40 per cent.
Kreserite, crude mineral
Kryolite
Kyanite, or cyanite
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
193

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
L.
Labels, blank
decanter or other, copper chief
25 per cent.
value
45 per cent.
>>
gilt or plated
35 per cent.
**
>>
gold, silver,
or German
silver
40 per cent.
11
£ s. d.
||
1
25 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent
25 per cent.
梦梦
​**
>>
chemisettes, cotton
cluney, linen
coach, of cotton
of worsted
collarettes, cotton
collars, cotton
edging, cotton
>>
thread
no wool, worsted, mohair, silk, or
linen
""
printed and figured paper
Lace, all articles of, worn on the person,
and made or made up wholly or
partly by hand, and containing
bobbinet, cotton
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
capes and collars, cotton, ready for
use
35 per cent.
caps, cotton
35 per cent.
99
cazenous, cotton
35 per cent.
>>
35 per cent.
| |
| |
| |
{
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
**
gimp, cotton
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
thread
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
handkerchief, cotton
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
thread
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
**
insertings, cotton
35 per cent.
thread
>>
30 per cent.
>>
pelerines, cotton
35 per cent.
>>
thread
30 per cent.
>>
purling, cotton
35 per cent.
cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per

thread
quillings, cotton
quilings,
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
thread
>>
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
>>
ready made clothing, cotton
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
shawls, cotton
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
silk
**
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
N
36247.
194
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Lace, tatting, cotton
35 per cent.
thread
>>
""
30 per cent.
>>
veils, cotton
""
thread, not made up in part
by hand
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
Laces, cotton
35 per cent.
gold, silver, or other metal
silk
""
silk and cotton, known as silk lace
thread, all
60 per cent.
for bonnets, hats, &c., not other-
wise provided for
wool, worsted or mohair
99
other (according to material).
Lacets, silk, part metal
Lacings, boot and shoe, or other, of cotton
Lacquered ware
Lac, crude, seed, button, stick, shell, or dye
"spirits and sulphur
""
marine, artificial gum
Lactarine
Ladies' worked caps, trimmed, cotton
Ladles and ladle heads, brass, Britannia,
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
30 per cent.
| | | | | |
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
1
30 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
}
= per lb.
021 50 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
| | |
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
| | | | | | | |
35 per cent.
iron, or tin
35 per cent.
I
وو
22
copper
chief
value -
45 per cent.
1
99
common gilt or
plated
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
""
99
gilt on silver
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
>>
gold, silver, or
German silver
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Llama points
Lake, carmine, dry or liquid
Lamb skins, whether Astracan or Persian,
35 per cent..
35 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1 + 40
dressed as fur
20 per cent.
Lampblack
20 per cent.
Lamp hooks and pulleys, iron or brass
35 per cent.
111
Lamps (according to materials).
Lancet cases, paper or leather
35 per cent.
Lance wood
Lancets, as cutlery
Land fowls, living
Landscape plates, paintings on glass
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
40 per cent.
per
cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.

35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
195
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S.
d.
Lanterns (according to material).
horn plates for
magic, if toys
>>
suitable for philosophical
purposes or the amuse-
ment or instruction of
adults
same, if copper component of
chief value
Lapis calaminaris--calamine
**
infernalis-nitrate of silver
tutia-oxide of zinc
same, medicinal preparation
Lappers, iron
Lappets, cotton -
Lappings, according to material.
Lard
Larding pins, iron
Last blocks
Lasting of various materials for buttons
exclusively, not combined with
india rubber
other (according to material).
Lastings, fit for shoes, slippers, boots,
bootees, or gaiters, are liable to the rates
prescribed for similar fabrics not in-
tended for such use.
Lasts, finished or rough
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
1,1
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
1
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
13 cts. per lb.
= per l
100 lb.
0 7 3/1/2
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
90 per 24 cts. per lb.
ct. of and 35 per ct.
= per lb.
0 0 11 +31 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 1
35 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Latches, brass, gilt, iron, plated, or washed
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
if copper chief value
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
Laurel berries
Lathes, according to material.
Laths
Laudanum
oil, fixed or expressed
Lava, unmanufactured
gas burners, so called, but com-
posed of clay or earthy matter,
found only in Bavaria
Lavatories, according to materials.
Lavender, essence or oil of
flower
>>
40 per cent.
Free.
20 cts. per lb.
Free.
40 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
15 cts. per 1,000 pieces
1,000
0 7/1/12
pieces.
40 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 10
1
| 1
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
N 2
196
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
www......
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ S. d.
0 12 6 + 50 per cent.
1
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
Lavender, water, cosmetic, alcohol or dis-
tilled spirits principal in-
gredient, as alcoholic per-
fumery
$3 per gall. and
50 per cent.
}
= per gall.
same, containing no alcohol
50 per cent.
Lawns, cotton.
linen, valued at not over 30 cts.
per sq. yard
35 per cent.
1
linen, valued at over 30 cts. per
sq. yard
40 per cent.
Lawn mowers, if iron the chief component.
part
35 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
= per
per lb.
0 0
>>
powdered
>>
black, powder, or British lustre
casts of
>>
combs
>>
Lead, acetate or pyrolignate of, brown
acetate of, white
antimonial, as type metal
ashes of
black or plumbago
same, mixed with large quantities
of earth, slate, and shaly
substances
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 0 5
100111
Q LO
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
| | | | |
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
chromate of, or chrome yellow
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
>>
dross, as ore
1 ct. per lb.
in pigs and bars
2 cts. per lb.
per lb.
per
100 lbs.
0 0 03
08
4
4 1
9 6
8
=per ton
8 J
per
in sheets, pipe, or shot
23 cts. per lb.
0 11
100 lbs.
51
12 16
per ton
8 J
manufactures of, not otherwise pro-
vided for
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
molten, old bullets, as lead in pigs
or bars
2 cts. per lb.
nitrate of
99
3 cts. per lb.
old scrap, fit only to be remanu-
factured -
1 ct. per lb.
ore
1 ct. per lb.
pencils, not in wood
$1 per gross
wood filled with lead
50 cts. per gross and
Į
30 per cent.
=per gross
per
100 lbs.
= per ton
per lb.
per
100 lbs.
= per ton
= per
per lb.
=per gross
08 4 1
9 6 8 S
0011
06 3
3 1
77 0 0
0 0 03
04
2
0 2 1 + 30 per cent.
4
197
www.
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Lead, sugar of, as acetate of
10 cts. per lb.
>>
white and red, dry or ground in
oil
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
per
0 0 5
0 12 6
100 lbs.
Leaders, as manufactures of leather
Leaf, Dutch metal
**
gold, per pkge. of 500 leaves
half gold, same as full gold.
silver, per pkge. of 500 leaves
Learned's charcoal capsules.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
$13
= per pkge. 06 3
110
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
75 cts.
per pkge. 0 3 11
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
Leather, bend or belting, and Spanish, or
other sole
15 per cent.
boots, bootees, shoes, and slippers
bottles of
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
braces or suspenders
35 per cent.
| | | |
15 per cent.
calf skin, tanned or tanned and
dressed
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
| |
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
>>
**
>>
>>
>>
caps of -
cases containing books (each a
prayer book and hymnal, and
not an unusual covering or
protection for the finer kinds
of such books), dutiable as
part of the books.
glazed calf skins
gloves, of all kinds
hats
japanned, patent, or enamelled
"leather waste," so called, being
layers of scraps pressed and
enclosed between thin skins
of leather in imitation of sole
leather, as manufactures of
leather not otherwise provided
for
manufactures wholly or partly
of, not otherwise provided for
mitts or mittens, as gloves
morocco, finished
new scrap, pieces of new leather
(refuse splits), intended for
the manufacture of sole
leather, dutiable as sole leather
old scrap
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
15 per cent.
Free.
| | | |
111
| | | |
1
111
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
15 per cent.
198
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Leather, tanned, all, not otherwise pro-
vided for
25 per cent.
upper of all kinds, and skins
dressed and finished, of all
kinds, except calf skins and
20 per cent.
skins for morocco
Leather working machines, according
to material.
Leaves, aconite, buchu, belladonna, hem-
lock, henbane, palm,
rose,
senna, and all not otherwise
provided for
Free.
>>
for dyeing, crude
Free.
>>
medicinal, crude, not otherwise
provided for
Free.
Free.
Free.
Leeches
Lees, wine, crystallized or argal, crude
>>
wine, crystallized or argal, other
than crude or partly refined, as
brown tartar
Leghorn bonnets, hats, or hoods -
braids, brims, crowns, flats,
plaits, and trimmings for same
Leggings, made on frames, as articles
made on frames
Lemon juice
concentrated
peel, candied, as comfits
peel, not preserved, candied, or
otherwise prepared
Lemons. See Damage on Fruit
essential oil of -
Leopard skins, dressed
**
**
raw
Levant nut, cocculus indicus
wormseed
Lichens, all, prepared or not prepared
Licorice juice
paste or rolls
root
Liebig's extract of meat-
Life boats and life saving apparatus, spe-
cially imported by societies incorporated
to encourage the saving of human life
Lifting machinery, according to material.
35 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
10 cts. per lb.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
11
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
| | | | |
6 cts. per lb.
per lb.
003
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
1
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
50 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 2 1
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
|| ||
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 21
0 0
5
||al|||10011
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
1
199

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Lignum vitæ
Lima bark
Lime
**
""
>>
>>
**
acetate or pyrolignate of
bisulphate of, medicinal preparation
borate of
chloride of (bleaching powders)
citrate of
hydrocarbonate
phosphate of, crude, as manure
same, as medicinal preparation.
sulphate of, plaster of paris, un-
ground -
same, ground and calcined
white
Limes. See Damage on Fruit
**
in salt and water, as pickles
juice of
Free.
Free.
10 per cent.
£ 5.
d.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
1 ct. per lb.
Free.
per lb.
0 0 01
40 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
[ ]
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
.
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 11/
10 per cent.
1011
20 per cent.
詈
​10 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
as crude mineral
20 per cent.
1
99
used for sinking cribs for
piers
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
Limestone, rough, for burning into lime,
Linens, viz.:-
All oil cloth foundations or floor cloth
canvas of flax, jute, or hemp, or of
which either shall be the component
material of chief value
40 per cent.
Black canvas, fit for buttons only, as
button cloths
10 per cent.
Braids, as manufactures of flax not
otherwise provided for
40 per cent.
I
1
1
40 per cent.
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
Burlaps, all, and like manufactures of
flax, jute, or hemp, or of which flax,
jute, or hemp shall be the com-
ponent material of chief value,* ex-
cepting such as may be suitable for
bagging for cotton -
Bagging for cotton, valued at not over
7 cts. per sq. yard -
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
same, valued over 7 cts. per sq. yard
Bagging and bags not suitable for
baling cotton
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
001
0 0 11

40 per cent.
40 per cent.
* This does not comprise canvas paddings, crash, damasks, diapers, huckabacks, towels, shirting linens, dress linens, &c.
200
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Linens-continued.
Brown and bleached linens, canvas,
(except canvas for sails, and for oil
cloth foundations or floor cloth), cot
bottoms, crash, diaper, ducks (except
sail duck), handkerchiefs,* hucka-
backs, lawns, paddings, or other
woven fabrics of flax, jute, or hemp,
or of which flax, jute, or hemp shall
be the component material of chief
value, not otherwise provided for.
value 30 cts. or less per sq. yard
value above 30 cts. per sq. yard
Damask towelling, with coloured bor-
der, as bleached damasks, above.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
Linens, cambric handkerchiefs with cotton
borders, same as above.
>>
canvas, for buttons
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
clothing, not otherwise provided
for
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
cluney lace, as manufactures of
flax, not otherwise provided for
coatings and Genoese linen coat-
ings, coloured, valued at not
over 30 cts. per sq. yard
drills, fancy, coloured, valued at
not over 30 cts. per sq. yard
ducks, half, for sails, as sail duck.
duck, sail, or canvas for sails,
including the heavy ducks of
Russia, and English sail cloth
and canvas
handkerchiefs, hem stitched or
hemmed
manufactures wholly or partly of
flax (flax chief value), other
than such as can be measured
by the square yard, and not
otherwise provided for, includ-
ing all made on frames
mitts, made on frames
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
pack thread
40 per cent.
sheetings, Russia and other, of
flax or hemp, brown or white ·
35 per cent.
| | | |
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
* Handkerchiefs with small plain linen centre, and the rest of linen thread lace, dutiable, not as thread lace, but as handkerchiefs.
201
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Linens, shirt bosoms, not tamboured or
embroidered, and requiring to
be sewed in the shirt before
they can be used
shirt fronts, embroidered
40 per cent.
**
thread
**
twines
**
waste
rags, for making paper
yarns, for carpets, not over No. 8
Lea, value 24 cts. or less per lb.
yarns, value over 24 cts. per lb.
Lines, fishing
Liniments
Links (according to material).
Linseed, the bushel of 56 lbs.
**
99
cake (oil cake) -
meal
oil, per gallon of 7lbs.
Lint, cotton
linen
99
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 cts. per bush.
Free.
20 per cent.
30 cts. per gall.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
| | | | | |
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
| | | |
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
=
per bush. 0 0 10
20 per cent.
= per gall.
013
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
Liqueurs
Liquorice, paste or in rolls
**
>>
""
juice
root -
Liquor opii sed. (Battley's sedative)
stands, according to component
metal, and the bottles, when
not in the stands, to be rated
separately, under their appro-
priate classification.
Liquors, malt, to wit:—
5 cts. per lb.
Free.
50 per cent.
$2 per proof gall.
= per
pf. gall. J
0 8 4
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 5
= per lb.
0
0 21
50 per cent.
Ale, porter, and beer in bottles, duty on
bottles included
otherwise than in
bottles -
35 cts. per gall.
20 cts. per gall.
=per gall. 0151
=per gall.
0 0 10
Liquors, spirituous, as follows:—
Alcohol, brandy, and other spirits not
otherwise provided for, manufac-
tured or distilled from grain or
other material*
= per l
$2 per pf. gall.
084
pf. gall. J

Angostura and "aromatic" bitters
$2 per pf. gall.
= per l
pf.gall.
084
*"The Department authorises the adoption of the practice of stating in entries of distilled spirits, the actual number of wine
gallons, with the duty assessed thereon according to the number of degrees proof at 2 cts. a degree of cach gallon, instead of
202
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Liquors, spirituous-continued.
PROVIDED, that each and every
gauge or wine gallon of
measurement shall be counted
as at least one proof gallon.
PROVIDED, that all imitations of
brandy, or spirits, or of wines,
shall be subject to the highest
rate of duty provided for the
genuine article intended to be
represented, and in no case less
than $1 per gall.
Proof spirit shall be held and taken
to be that alcoholic liquor which
contains one-half its volume of
alcohol of a specific gravity of seven
thousand nine hundred and thirty-
nine ten thousandths (7939) at 60°
Fahrenheit.
PROVIDED, that any brandy or
spirituous liquors imported in
casks of less capacity than
14 gallons, shall be forfeited
to the United States."
*
Colouring for brandy, if it contains
spirits, dutiable as distilled spirits.
Same, without spirits
Cordials, liqueurs, arrack, absinthe,
kirschwasser, ratafia, and other
similar spirituous beverages (except
vermuth, which shall pay the same
duty as on wines of the same cost)
or bitters containing spirits, and
not otherwise provided for†
50 per cent.
$2 per pf. gall.
per
1 pf. gall.
£ s. d.
084
50 per cent.
stating the number of proof gallons at two dollars per gallon, as now practised, as it is more simple and correct, in that it does
away with fractional statements of gallons."
* "The restricted quantity which may be imported in a package applies only to brandy and other spirituous liquors, and that
'Wine,' other than that put up in bottles, may be imported in any capacity."
† Cordials, if they are compounds or preparations of which distilled spirits are a component part of chief value, will be liable to
forfeiture if imported in casks or packages of less capacity than 30 gallons.
Spirituous liquors may be imported in packages of bottles containing not less than one dozen bottles in each package, in casks
of a capacity of not less than 14 gallons, and in packages other than of bottles having a capacity of not less than 30 gallons.
The Department has decided to insist that hereafter the cask or package (other than of bottles) holding the liquor in imme-
diate contact with its sides when imported, shall be of a capacity of not less than 14 gallons, or of 30 gallons, according to the nature
of the case, also that there be an allowance of two per cent. for leakage on the quantity which shall appear by the gauge to be
contained in any cask of liquors, subject to duty by the gallon, and ten per cent. on all beer, ale, and porter in bottles; and five
per cent. on all other liquors, in bottles; to be deducted from the invoice quantity, in lieu of breakage; or it shall be lawful to com-
pute the duties on the actual quantity, to be ascertained by tale, at the option of the importer, to be made at the time of entry.

203
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Liquors, spirituous--continued.
In bottles, dutiable as above, with ad-
ditional duty on bottles.
"Essence of red beets," so called,
dutiable as distilled spirits.
None of the above shall pay a lower
rate or amount of duty than that
fixed for first proof, but to be in-
creased in proportion for any greater
strength; and none under first proof
shall pay a less rate of duty than
50 per cent. ad valorem.
Preparations or compounds of which
distilled spirits is a component part
of chief value, pay not less than
distilled spirits.
Each and every gauge or wine gallon
of measurement to be counted as at
least one proof gallon.
£ s. d.
In a letter to the collector at Baltimore, dated February 24, 1871, the Department authorised the adoption of the "practice of
"stating in entries of distilled spirits the actual number of wine gallons, with the duty assessed thereon, according to the number
"of degrees proof, at 4 cents a degree of each gallon, instead of stating the number of proof gallons at 2 dollars per gallon."
The Department farther directs that in future entries the notation of the proof of spirituous liquors shall conform to the scale
of Tagliabue's hydrometer, as corrected and explained in his manual, placing proof spirits at 100 degrees, instead of at 50 degrees
according to Tralle. Under this rule the duty would, of course, be 2 cents a degree instead of 4 cents.
The following instructions, in reference to the branding or marking of imported distilled spirits in casks, are hereby issued for
the future guidance of officers of the customs, and will be held by them to supersede all former regulations on the same subject,
so far as they conflict therewith:-
1st. Upon the landing of distilled spirits in casks upon the wharf, and the due examination thereof by the gauger, each cask
shall be marked by him, or under his supervision, so as to show the name of the port, date of importation, rate of proof, and
number of gallons contained therein.
2nd. A record of these facts shall be made by the gauger who marks the casks, in a book to be furnished him by the surveyor,
or other supervising officer, for that purpose. The records to be made at the time of marking, and the books when full, to be
placed on file at the custom house for reference whenever necessary.
Of "a compound or preparation containing of alcohol about 90 per cent., and 10 per cent. of castor oil and alkanet root," the
Department held that "it is an unenumerated article, and by virtue of the 20th section of the Act of August 30, 1842, it must pay
duty according to the highest rate to which any of its component parts are liable,” and affirmed "the decision of the collector
"in assessing duty on the said article at the rate of 2 dollars per gallon for 50 degrees, and 5 cents for each additional degree,
being the rates to which alcohol is liable." But this was under the Acts of 1864 and 1865.
66
The article imported under the designation of "Essence of Red Beets," or "Essence of Vegetables," has been decided by the
Department to be a "distilled spirit," and liable to duty as such; and if imported in packages of less capacity than prescribed by
law, to become liable to forfeiture. See also decision of December 5, 1862, New York, as to bond required of distillers, that not
over 30 per cent. of alcohol or proof spirits is used in the manufacture of cordials.
A " medical tincture," so called, which was found to be an alcoholic compound, of which alcohol formed the principal ingredient,
was held to have been properly assessed at the rate of 2 dollars per gallon of 50 degrees proof, and 5 cents for each degree

above 50.
Under the Act of July 28, 1866, cordials, if they were compounds or preparations, of which distilled spirits were a component
part of chief value, were liable to forfeiture if imported in casks or packages of less capacity than 30 gallons.
204
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Liquors, spirituous-continued.
To ascertain the number of "proof
gallons" contained in any quantity
of liquor stronger than first proof,
multiply the actual quantity in wine
gallons by the per-centage of alcohol,
and divide by fifty.
All liquors entered as wines, and con-
taining over 22 per cent. of alcohol,
to be forfeited.
Bottles containing spirits pay an addi-
tional duty of
Liquors, vinous, as follows :—
Wines, all still, imported in casks*
Wines, in bottles, all kinds of, except-
ing champagne and other sparkling,
per case of one dozen bottles con-
taining each not more than one
quart, and more than one pint, or
24 bottles containing each not more
than one pint
Any excess beyond these quantities
found in such bottles shall be sub-
ject to a duty of 5 cts. per pint or
fractional part thereof. No sepa-
rate duty shall be collected on the
bottles.††
All bottles containing one quart or
less than one quart, and more than
one pint, shall be held to contain
one quart, and all bottles containing
one pint or less shall be held to
contain one pint.
£ s.
d.
3 cts. each
-per doz.
016
40 cts. per gall.
per gall. 0 18
$1.60
=perdoz.
quarts, or
two doz.
pints.
068
* "The cost of boxes, bottles, transportation, and all charges until on shipboard, shall be included in determining the value per
gallon."
† In an appeal as to the duty on claret wine, imported from Bordeaux, in bottles, and in the dutiable value of which the cost of
bottles, corks, labels, caps, straw, and cases was included, the Department held that these constituted an integral part of the market
value, and that the duty was properly assessed.
I See Treasury Letter of January 4, 1865, to collector at San Francisco, as to the inclusion of the cost of boxes, bottles, &c., in
ascertaining the dutiable value of wines, and see notes to 516. See also Letter of July 26, 1866, to W. E. B. & Co., by which t
assessment of the separate duty of two cents per bottle in addition, under the Act of June 30, 1864, was affirmed.
the
205
- RE..
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Liquors, vinous-continued.
*
Wines, champagne and all sparkling,
in bottles, containing each not more
than one quart and more than one
pint
containing not more than one
pint each, and more than one
half pint
containing one half pint each, or
less
in bottles containing more than
one quart each, shall pay, in
addition to $6 per doz. bottles,
on the quantity in excess of one
quart per bottle at the rate of -
PROVIDED, that any liquors
containing more than 24
per cent, of alcohol, which
shall be entered under the
name of wine, shall be
forfeited to the United
States.
PROVIDED, that wines, brandy,
and other spirituous liquors
imported in bottles, shall
be packed in packages
containing not less than
one dozen bottles (of not
more than one quart each
for wine, except cham-
pagne and sparkling wines)
in each package.†
PROVIDED, that there shall be
an allowance of 5 per cent.
and no more on all effer-
vescing wines, liquors, cor-
dials, and distilled spirits
£ s.
s. d.
$6 per doz. bottles
= per doz.
1 5 0
$3 per doz. bottles
$1.50 per doz. bottles
per doz.
per doz. 0 6 3
0 12 6
$2 per gall.
per gall.
0 8 4
"

* Under the Act of 1864, it was held that "the duty on champagne or sparkling wines in bottles,' is not exclusively specific
"the same schedule which governs all other wines as provided for in section 2, governs champagne or sparkling wines in bottles;
"but a provision of the law directs that said wines shall pay a less rate of duty than six dollars per dozen bottles, &c. Unquestion-
ably, if the value justifies it, they must pay more.”
t
"The importation of wines together with assorted spirituous liquors, or of an assortment of spirituous liquors in a case or pack-
age is not prohibited by sec. 21 of the Act of July 14, 1870, provided the package contains not less than one dozen bottles of liquor."
206
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Liquors, vinous-continued.
Wines, &c.-continued.
in bottles, to be deducted
from the invoice quantity
in lieu of breakage.
For regulations for branding, marking
or certifying casks, vessels and
cases containing distilled spirits in
bond, see Note below.*
Vermuth, the same duty as wine of
the same cost.
Listings, woollen
Literary societies and institutions, books,
maps, and charts (not more
than two copies in any one in-
voice), regalia, gems, statues,
and specimens of sculpture, spe-
cially imported in good faith,
for the use of
societies and institutions, all
philosophical and scientific
apparatus, instruments and
preparations, statuary, casts
of marble, bronze, alabaster,
or plaster of Paris, paintings,
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
Free.
7
£ s. d.
}
= per lb.
021 + 35 per cent.
*The officers of inspection of any port where distilled spirits or wines shall be landed, shall, upon the landing thereof, and as
soon as the casks, vessels, and cases containing the same shall be inspected, gauged, or measured, brand or otherwise mark in
durable characters, the several casks, vessels, and cases containing the same, and the marks shall express the number of casks,
vessels, or cases, whether of spirits or wines, marked by each officer respectively, in each year, in progressive numbers for each of
the articles; also the port of importation, the name of the vessel, and the surname of the master; also each kind of spirits or
wines, for which different rates of duty are or shall be imposed, the number of gallons in each cask or case, and the rate of proof
if spirits; also the name of the surveyor or chief officer of inspection for the port, and the date of importation; of all which
particulars the chief officers of inspection shall keep fair and correct accounts, in books to be provided for that purpose.
On the sale of any cask, vessel, or case, which has been or shall be marked as containing distilled spirits or wines, and which
has been emptied of its contents, and prior to the delivery thereof to the purchaser, or any removal thereof, the marks and
numbers, which shall have been set thereon by or under the direction of any officer of inspection, shall be defaced and obliterated
in the presence of some officer of inspection or of the customs, who shall, on due notice being given, attend for that purpose, at
which time the certificate which ought to accompany such chest, vessel, or case, shall also be returned and cancelled. Every
person who shall obliterate, counterfeit, alter, or deface any mark or number placed by an officer of inspection upon any cask,
vessel, or case, containing distilled spirits or wines, or any certificate thereof; or who shall sell or in any way alienate or remove
any cask, vessel, or case, which has been emptied of its contents, before the marks and numbers, set thereon pursuant to the
provisions of the preceding section, shall have been defaced or obliterated, in presence of an officer of inspection; or who shall
neglect or refuse to deliver the certificate issued to accompany the cask, chest, vessel, or case, of which the marks and numbers
shall have been defaced or obliterated in manner aforesaid, on being thereto required by an officer of inspection or of the customs,
shall for every such offence be liable to a penalty of 100 dollars, with costs of suit.
3/2
207

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
varnish, valued at $1 or
less per gallon
Literary societies, &c.-continued.
drawings, and etchings, spe-
cially imported in good faith,
for the use of, and not intended
for sale
Litharge, dry or in oil
Lithographs, coloured or not
>>
printed in colours-
Lithographic hand bills or show bills
**
**
""
presses, according
material.
stones (not engraved)*
Free.
3 cts. per lb.
£ S. d.
blagd
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
per lb.
10111
0 0 12/2
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
to
Free.
50 cts. per gall. and \
20 per cent.
= per gall.
0 2 1 +20 per cent.
22
99
valued higher
Litmus, prepared or not prepared
Live stock
**
specially imported for breeding
purposest
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
50 cts. per gall. and
= per gall.
0 2 1 +25 per cent.
25 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
Loadstones
Locks, brass
**
copper chief value
gun
iron
""
with steel springs
wood and iron
**
**
wood and steel
Locomotive tires, or parts of, iron
步
​>>
steel
候
​Locomotives, if iron the chief component.
part
Logs and round unmanufactured timber,
not otherwise provided for
rafts of
Logwood, extract or decoction of
in sticks
59
Free.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
per
0 12 6
100 lbs. J
45 per cent.
1
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
10 per cent.
Free.
1 1 1 1
Lithographic stones engraved, old, and engraving worthless, are not exempt from duty.
10 per cent.
+"Live stock, imported for breeding purposes, whether for the importer's own use or for sale, are entitled to free entry."
Before admitting animals to free entry, which are allowed to be specially imported for breeding purposes, a careful examination
of them must be made by collectors, in order to ascertain if they are of superior stock, and that their importation will tend to
improve the breed in the United States. As the prices paid for such animals are generally much higher than those paid for ordinary
animals, the invoices thereof will be of great assistance in determining as to whether they are specially imported for breeding
purposes or not.
4
208
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
H
£ s.
d.
Looking glass frames (as frames), accord-
19
ing to material.
plates, not over 10 × 15 in.
square*
""
>>
None of the above to pay a less rate
4 cts. per sq. ft.
per sq. ft. 0 0 2
over 10x15 in. and
not over 16 x 24 in.
over 16 x 24 in. and
6 cts. per sq. ft.
not over 24 x 30 in.
over 24 x 30 in. and
not over 24 x 60 in.
all above 24 × 60 in.
10 cts. per sq. ft.
per sq. ft.
35 cts. per sq. ft.
60 cts. per sq. ft.
per sq. ft.
=per sq. ft.
per sq. ft. 0 0 3
005
0 1 5/1/
0 2 6
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
| | | | |
40 per cent.
when framed, but to pay in addition
upon frames
Looms, if iron the chief component part
if steel the chief component part
>>
Lotions, as Cosmetics
Lozenges, proprietary medicines -
**
vichy, as medicinal prepara-
tions not otherwise provided
for
Lumber (timber), viz.:
boards sawed, plank, deal, and other
lumber of hemlock, white wood,
sycamore, and basswood
all other varieties of sawed lumber
clapboards, rough hewn or sawed only,
pine or spruce, per 1,000 pieces of
4 feet long, or 4,000 lineal feet,
viz. :-
pine
spruce
all other, rough hewn or sawed only
PROVIDED, That when lumber of
མཾ, བྷིཏྟསུ
any sort is planed or finished,
in addition to the rates above
provided, there shall be levied
and paid, for each side so
planed or finished, 50 cts. per
thousand feet; and if planed on
$1 per 1,000 ft. board=per 1,000
measure.
$2 per 1,000 ft. board
measure.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
}
feet.
=per 1,000
feet.
}0 4 2
}0 8 4
$2 per 1,000 pieces
$1.50 per 1,000 pieces
20 per cent.
=per 1,000
per 1,000
084
063
20 per cent.
*"The term 'looking glass plates' held to mean 'any kind of silvered glass used as looking glasses, although not, in fact, plate
glass.'
209
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Lumber (timber), viz. :-continued.
one side, and tongued and
grooved, $1.00 per thousand
feet; and if planed on two
sides and tongued and grooved
$1.50 per thousand feet.
Lunar caustic moulds
Lutes
Lye, of wood ashes
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
M.
111
£
S. d.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
Maccaroni
**
Mace
oil of
preparations similar to
Machine blanketing or felts, of wool, for
paper and printing machines
*
Machinery according to material, ex-
cept when composed of
iron and steel, in which
case, if the value of each
be stated separately on
the invoice, and the
parts composed of iron
and steel are packed in
distinct and separate
parcels, the duty appli-
cable to each per se
(where iron is the chief
component part, 35 per
cent., where steel is so,
45 per cent.) should be
separately levied.
for carding wool, &c., iron
chief value, as manufac-
tures of iron not other-
wise provided for
}
2 cts. per Ib.
per lb.
2 cts. per lb.
25 cts. per lb.
Free.
per lb.
per lb.
1
0 0
001
0 1 01
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
0 0 10
+35 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
* Machinery chiefly of iron and wood, though having small portions of steel, does not necessarily take the classification of a
manufacture of steel; but retains that of a manufacture of iron or wood according to the leading material. Separable values or
parts of steel, should, however, pay duty as manufactures of steel.
Machinery manufactured wholly of iron, with the exception of an insignificant portion thereof (say 1-28 part of its value),
To constitute it
which is of brass, is liable to duty at the rate of thirty-five per centum ad valorem, as a manufacture of iron.
subject to the rate of duty imposed on manufactures of copper, it must contain copper of more than fifty per centum in value of all
the materials contained therein."
36247.
210
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Machinery, for the manufacture
of
ramie, jute, and flax
fibres (for two years from
July 1, 1875) -
for the manufacture of beet
sugar, and for that pur-
pose only
for repairs, may be im-
ported as provided in
the note given below*
of American manufacture,
old and broken up, and
so imported, to pay as
scrap iron, viz. :—
if cast
if wrought
Free.
Free.
Free.
1
$6 per ton
$8 per ton
per ton
per ton
1 5 0
1 13
4
>>
models of, and other inven-
tions
Free.
Mackerel
Madder, and munjeet, ground or prepared
>>
root
extracts of, all
Magic lanterns, suitable for children's
toys
suitable for philoso-
phical purposes or
the amusement or
instruction of adults
$2 per bbl.
= per bbl.
0 8 4
Free.
Free.
Free.
| 0 | | |
50 per cent.
| | | | │
11
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
same, if copper component of
chief value
40 per cent.
Magnesia, acetate of, or pyrolignate of
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 cts. per lb.
calcined
per lb.
0 2
1
12 cts. per lb.
carbonate of -
per lb.
0
0 6
6 cts. per lb.
chloride of
Henry's
per lb.
0 0
3
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
sulphate of (Epsom salts)
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
Magnetic iron, sand, or ore, crude mineral
substance
1 ct. per lb.
= per lb.
0001
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
* Machinery for repair may be imported into the United States without payment of duty, under bond, to be given in double the
appraised value thereof, to be withdrawn and exported after said machinery shall have been repaired; and the Secretary of the
Treasury is authorised and directed to prescribe such rules and regulations as may be necessary to protect the revenue against
fraud, and secure the identity and character of all such importations when again withdrawn and exported, restricting and limiting
the export and withdrawal to the same port of entry where imported, and also limiting all bonds to a period of time of not more
than six months from the date of the importation.
211

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Magnets
Free.
Mahogany
Free.
manufactures of
35 per cent.
| | |
| | | 8
35 per cent.
saw dust, solely for dyeing or
tanning
Free.
Mails, iron
35 per cent.
steel
**
45 per cent.
weavers' iron
35 per cent.
| | ||
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 cts. per bush.
per
bush. 0 0 5
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
Maize (Indian corn), per bushel of 56 lbs.
meal of
Majolica. See Earthenware.
Malacca or India joints, as canes un-
finished
same, not further manufactured
than cut into suitable lengths
for the manufacture into
which they are intended to
be converted -
Malleable iron castings, not otherwise
provided for
Mallets, wood
Malt
**
extract of, medicinal preparation
machinery, according to material.
35 per cent.
1
Free.
2 cts. per lb.
= per
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
100 lbs. J
0 10 5
1
1
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
Manganese, oxide and ore of
Mangles, according to material.
Mangoes. See Damage on Fruit
Manilla and other hemps of India
Manna
10 per cent.
$25 per ton
Free.
1
1
10 per cent.
per ton
5 4 2
Mantels, slate
40 per cent.
Mantillas, silk
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
Manufactures unenumerated. See Note
below.
*There shall be levied, collected, and paid on each and every non-enumerated article which bears a similitude, either in
material, quality, texture, or the use to which it may be applied, to any article enumerated in this title, as chargeable with duty,
the same rate of duty which is levied and charged on the enumerated article which it most resembles in any of the particulars
before mentioned; and if any non-enumerated article equally resembles two or more enumerated articles on which different rates
of duty are chargeable, there shall be levied, collected, and paid on such non-enumerated article the same rate of duty as is
chargeable on the article which it resembles paying the highest duty; and on all articles manufactured from two or more materials,
the duty shall be assessed at the highest rates at which any of its component parts may be chargeable.
0 2
212
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Manufacture, materials for, when free.
""
See Note below.*
all not otherwise provided
for
articles,
vessels,
20 per cent.
and
wares not otherwise
provided for, of brass,
iron, lead, pewter, tin
or other metal, or of
which either of these
or any other metal not
otherwise provided for
shall be the component
material of chief value
not otherwise provided
for, of mixed materials,
are now dutiable ac-
cording to material or
similitude.
35 per cent.
1
£ s. d.
1
20 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
>>
of bone, horn, and ivory
cedar wood, granadilla,
ebony, mahogany, rose-
35 per cent.
wood, and satin wood
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
*All medicines, preparations, compositions, perfumery, cosmetics, cordials, and other liquors manufactured wholly or in part
domestic spirits, intended for exportation, as provided by law, in order to be manufactured and sold or removed, without being
charged with duty, and without having a stamp affixed thereto, shall, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may
prescribe, be made and manufactured in warehouses similarly constructed to those known and designated in Treasury regulations
as bonded warehouses, class two: Provided, that such manufacturer shall first give satisfactory bonds to the collector of internal
revenue for the faithful observance of all the provisions of law and the regulations as aforesaid, in amount not less than half of
that required by the regulations of the Secretary of the Treasury from persons allowed bonded warehouses. Such goods, when
manufactured in such warehouses, may be removed for exportation, under the direction of the proper officer having charge thereof,
who shall be designated by the Secretary of the Treasury, without being charged with duty, and without having a stamp affixed
thereto. Any manufacturer of the articles aforesaid, or of any of them, having such bonded warehouse as aforesaid, shall be at
liberty, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, to convey therein any materials to be used in such
manufacture which are allowed by the provisions of law to be exported free from tax or duty, as well as the necessary materials,
implements, packages, vessels, brands, and labels for the preparation, putting up, and export of the said manufactured articles;
and every article so used shall be exempt from the payment of stamp and excise duty by such manufacturer. Articles and
materials so to be used may be transferred from any bonded warehouse in which the same may be, under such regulations as the
Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, into any bonded warehouse in which such manufacture may be conducted, and may
be used in such manufacture, and when so used shall be exempt from stamp duty; and the receipt of the officer in charge, as
aforesaid, shall be received as a voucher for the manufacture of such articles. Any materials imported into the United States
may, under such rules as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, and under the direction of the proper officer, be removed in
original packages from on shipboard, or from the bonded warehouse in which the same may be, into the bonded warehouse in
which such manufacture may be carried on, for the purpose of being used in such manufacture, without payment of duties thereon,
and may there be used in such manufacture. No article so removed, nor any article manufactured in said bonded warehouse, shall
be taken therefrom except for exportation, under the direction of the proper officer having charge thereof, as aforesaid, whose
certificate, describing the articles by their marks, or otherwise, the quantity, the date of importation, and name of vessel, with
such additional particulars as may from time to time be required, shall be received by the collector of customs in cancellation
the bonds, or return of the amount of foreign import duties. All labour performed and services rendered under these regulations
shall be under the supervision of an officer of the customs, and at the expense of the manufacturer.


213
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
:
Manure, all animal
**
substances expressly used for
Manuscripts
Maps and charts
>>
99
for Library of Congress,
if duty not included in
price paid
for use of United States,
if duty not included in
price paid
(not more than two copies
in any one invoice) spe-
cially imported in good
faith, for the use or by
the order of any aca-
demy, college, school,
or seminary of learn-
ing, or for the use of
any society incorpo-
rated or established for
philosophical, literary,
or religious purposes,
or for the encourage-
ment of the fine arts
Marble, manufactures of-
**
>>
99
white statuary, brocatella, sienna,
and verd antique, in block,
rough or squared*
39
veined, and marble of all other
descriptions, including "green-
stone in block, rough or
squared, not otherwise pro-
vided for
all sawed, dressed, or polished,
marble slabs, and marble pav-
ing tiles, not exceeding two
inches in thickness
same, if more than two inches
in thickness, for each inch or
fractional part thereof in ex-
cess of two inches in thick-
ness, 10 cts. per foot in addi-
tion to the above rate.
Free.
Free.
Free.
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
50 per cent.
$1 per cubic ft. and
25 per cent.
50 cts. per cubic ft.
and 20 per cent.
25 cts. per superficial'
sq. foot and 30 per
cent.
| | | |
25 per cent.
=
50 per cent.
}
per cu. ft. 0 4
0
4
2
2
+25 per cent.
}
per cu. ft. 0 2 1 + 20 per cent.
per sup.
sq. ft.
0 1 0 +30 per cent.
* In measuring marble in blocks to ascertain dutiable quantity, an allowance may be made for the rough outsides, in accor™
dance with the mercantile usage of the port, not to exceed, however, one inch on each end, and three quarters of an inch on each
of the four sides.
*
214
3
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Marble, manufactures of-continued.
""
99
""
3
**
PROVIDED, that if exceeding
six inches in thickness,
shall be subject to the duty
imposed on marble blocks.
statuary, not otherwise provided for
the work of American
artists residing abroad,
duly verified -
expressly for presenta-
tion to national institu-
tions or to any state or
municipal corporations
specially imported for
academies, learned,
artistic, or other socie-
ties, under regulations.
casts of, specially imported in good
faith for the use of any society or
institution incorporated or esta-
blished for philosophical, educa-
tional, scientific, or literary pur-
poses, or encouragement of the
fine arts and not intended for sale
Marbles as toys -
Marine coral, unmanufactured
Marking ink
Markwick's spongio piline
Marmalade
Marrow, crude
for toilet soap, perfumed
Marquees, canvas
Marqueterie, or inlaid work of wood
Marshmallows, medicinal root
Masks, paper, for adults
paper, other, as toys
Mastic, gum
Matches, cotton, wax, and paper
Materials imported for the manufacture
of medicines, preparations, compositions,
perfumery, cosmetics, cordials, and other
liquors for exportation may be removed
from shipboard or bonded warehouse to
manufacturing warehouse under regula-
tions free of duty. See Note, page 212.
{
10 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
50 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
35 to 40 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
...
I
1
}
= per lb.
| | | | | | | | | |
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
43
S.
d.
10 per cent.
50 per cent.
1 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 to 40 per cent.
35 per cent.

35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.

流
​215
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
same, with wool border
dunnage
Mathematical instruments, according
to materials.
same, specially imported for academies,
learned societies, &c. under regu-
lations
Matico leaf
Mats, cocoanut or coir
Free.
Free.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
£ s. d.
of flags, jute or grass
30 per cent.
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
1
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
India-rubber, not exclusively of
>>
vegetable matter
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
**
palm leaf
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
all other (not exclusively of vege-
table material) screens, hassocks
and rugs*
bast or bass
sheepskin
PROVIDED, That mats, rugs, screens,
covers, hassocks, bedsides, and other
portions of carpets or carpeting shall
be subject to the rate of duty imposed
on carpets or carpeting of like charac-
ter or description.
Matting, cocoa or coir, with narrow bor-
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
der, partly of wool
30 per cent.
China, cocoa, coir, and other floor,
not otherwise provided for
30 per cent.
flag or grass
30 per cent.
Meal, corn
floor, hemp or jute
30 per cent.
oat
>>
Meat, Liebig's extract of
10 per cent.
ct. per lb.
20 per cent.
per lb.
1
1111011
0001
11
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
INTA
20 per cent.
Meats, prepared and potted
Medallion casts in plaster from antique
gems
Medals, cabinets of
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
>>
cabinets of, specially imported
Free.
Free.
and not for sale
gold, silver, or copper
specially imported for academies
and societies, under regulations
Medicinal balsams, not otherwise pro-
vided for
Free.
30 per cent.
1

1
1
30 per cent.
* Certain so-styled "railway rugs" of cows' hair and cotton, or calves' hair and cotton, held not to be "rugs" under this Act. They
should be classified according to the materials of "which they are composed, to be determined by the appraiser on examination, &c."
216
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Medicinal barks, flowers, leaves, plants,
99
roots, and seeds, in a crude
state, not otherwise pro-
vided for
same, not crude
preparations, not otherwise
provided for
preparations, examination and
appraisement of. See Note
below.*
water, all not artificial
waters, artificial, in bottles or
jugs containing not over
one quart
waters, artificial, in bottles or
jugs containing over one
quart, for each additional
quart or fractional part
same, not in bottles
Free.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
3 cts. each and
25 per cent.
per bottle
or jug
0 0 1 +25 per cent.
3 cts. and 25 per
cent.
=per adl.
quart
001 +25 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
* All drugs, medicines, medicinal preparations, including medicinal essential oils and chemical preparations, used wholly or in
part as medicine, imported from abroad, shall, before passing the custom house, be examined and appraised, as well in reference
to their quality, purity, and fitness for medical purposes, as to their value and identity specified in the invoice.
All medicinal preparations, whether chemical or otherwise, usually imported with the name of the manufacturer, shall have the
true name of the manufacturer and the place where they are prepared, permanently and legibly affixed to each parcel by stamp,
label, or otherwise; and all medicinal preparations imported without such names so affixed shall be adjudged to be forfeited.
If, on examination, any drugs, medicines, medicinal preparations, whether chemical or otherwise, including medicinal essential
oils, are found, in the opinion of the examiner, to be so far adulterated, or in any manner deteriorated, as to render them inferior
in strength and purity to the standard established by the United States, Edinburgh, London, French, and German pharmacopoeias
and dispensatories, and thereby improper, unsafe, or dangerous to be used for medicinal purposes, a return to that effect shall be
made upon the invoice, and the articles so noted shall not pass the custom house, unless, on a re-examination of a strictly analytical
character, called for by the owner or consignee, the return of the examiner shall be found erroneous, and it is declared as the
result of such analysis, that the articles may properly, safely, and without danger, be used for medicinal purposes.
The owner or consignee shall at all times, when dissatisfied with the examiner's return, have the privilege of calling, at his own
expense, for a re-examination; and the collector, upon receiving a deposit of such sum as he may deem sufficient to defray such
expense, shall procure some competent analytical chemist possessing the confidence of the medical profession, as well as of the
colleges of medicine and pharmacy, if any such institutions exist in the State in which the collection district is situated, [to make]
a careful analysis of the articles included in the return, and a report upon the same under oath. In case this report, which shall
be final, shall declare the return of the examiner to be erroneous, and the articles to be of the requisite strength and purity,
according to the standards referred to in the next preceding section, the entire invoice shall be passed without reservation on
payment of the customary duties.
If the examiner's return, however, shall be sustained by the analysis and report, the articles shall remain in charge of the
collector, and the owner or consignee, on payment of the charges of storage, and other expenses necessarily incurred by the
United States, and on giving a bond with sureties satisfactory to the collector to land the articles out of the limits of the United
States, shall have the privilege of re-exporting them at any time within the period of six months after the report of the analysis;
but if the articles shall not be sent out of the United States within the time specified, the collector, at the expiration of that time,
shall cause the same to be destroyed, and hold the owner or consignee responsible to the United States for the payment of all
charges, in the same manner as if the articles had been re-exported.
One of the assistant appraisers at the port of New York, to be appointed with special reference to his qualifications for such
duties, shall, in addition to the duties that may be required of him by the appraiser, perform the duties of a special examiner of
drugs, medicines, chemicals, and so forth.


217
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Medicines and drugs, crude, not other-
>>
wise provided for.
(See
Note to Drugs, page 138.)
not crude or patent, as medi-
cinal prep. not otherwise
provided for
lo-
patent, viz. pills, powders,
tinctures, troches or
zenges, syrups, cordials,
bitters, anodynes, tonics,
plasters, liniments, salves,
ointments, pastes, drops,
waters, essences, spirits,
oils, and other medicinal
preparations or composi-
tions, recommended to the
public as proprietary medi-
cines, or prepared according
to some private formula or
secret art, as remedies or
specifics for any disease or
diseases or affections what-
ever affecting the human
or animal body
If spirits be of chief value
pay as spirits
Meerschaum, crude or raw
Melada*
concentrated, or concrete, to be
classed as sugar, dutiable
according to colour, by the
Dutch standard.
Melodeons
Melting pots, as earthenware
or glue pots, iron
Memorandum books
>>
>>
blank, with fine
leather covers,
elastic band fas-
tening, &c. as
manufactures of
leather not other-
wise provided for
£ s. d.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
} $2 per proof gall. {
Free.
17 cts. per lb.
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
= per proof
gall.
=per 100lb.
| | | |
}
1
1
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
8 4
7 93
I II I
25
30 per cent.
per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.

35 per cent.
nice boiled down
* This product shall be known and defined as an article made in the process of sugar making, being the cane juice
to the sugar point, and containing all the sugar and molasses resulting from the boiling process and without any process of
purifying or clarification.
218
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value
B
Mercurial preparations not otherwise pro-
vided for
Mercury or quicksilver -
Merino dress goods, as dress goods, wholly
or partly of wool, worsted, &c.,
valued at not over 20 cts. per
sq. yard
valued higher -
PROVIDED that on all goods.
weighing 4 ozs. or over
per sq. yard the duty shall
be
shawls, as woollen or worsted
clothing
Metal, bell
britannia, and pewter, old and fit
only to be re-manufactured
all converted, cast, or made from
iron by the Bessemer or pneu-
matic process, of whatever form
or description, to be classed as
steel.
bronze, in leaf
clippings, of brass
20 per cent.
Free.
6 cts. per sq. yard
and 35 per cent.
8 cts. per sq. yard
and 40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb.
and 35 per cent.
{
}
=per sq.
yard.
= per sq.
yard.
= per lb.
50 cts. per lb.
and 40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
Free.
Free.
}
£ s.
d.
20 per cent.
0 3 + 35 per cent.
} 0 0 4 +40 xx
+ 40 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
| |
C
10 per cent
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
>>
or scraps of dutch metal
made of brass, as
manufactures of brass
35 per cent.
same, made of copper,
as manufactures of
copper
45 per cent.
dutch, in leaf.
See notes to Manu-
>>
factures of Brass
embroideries of gold, silver, or
other metal, not otherwise pro-
vided for
epaulets, galloons, knots, laces,
stars, tresses, wings, &c.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
wares, gilt or plated, not otherwise
provided for
35 per cent.
wares, silver or German silver, gilt
40 per cent.
manufactures of, not otherwise
provided for
35 per cent.
1
1
1
澄
​35 per cent.
45 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.

35 per cent.
40 per cent.
3.5 per cent.
219

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Metal sheathing or yellow,* not wholly
of copper, nor wholly or in part
of iron, ungalvanised. See note
to Manufactures of Copper
sheathing, all copper
"sheathing, brass, old and fit only
for re-manufacture
3 cts. per lb.
{
= per
100 lbs.
= per ton
£
S. d.
0 12 6
14 0
6 1
0
o f
45 per cent.
1
45 per cent.
15 per cent.
1
15 per cent.
sheathing, zinc -
3 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
per ton
0 12
6
14 0 0 of
**
silver plated, in sheets or other
form
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
梦梦
​threads
type
yellow (not sheathing), old and un-
fit for any other purpose than as
a raw material to be re-worked
Metals, unmanufactured, not otherwise.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
*
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
provided for
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Meteorological instruments, as scien-
tific apparatus
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
**
instruments for United
States
Free.
Sheathing metal imported per British brigChesapeake,' intended to be used in sheathing the bottom of the said brig, and
no portion of which is intended to be landed or used for any other purpose, held to be liable to duty."
The Treasury Department decided July 14, 1869, that "the Act of 24th February 1869, providing that all manufactures of copper
or of which copper shall be a component of chief value, not otherwise herein provided for, requires that all articles made of the
composition usually known as brass-copper being the component of chief value, should be subject to the duty of 45 per cent. ad
"valorem. The fact that brass and many other articles, of which copper forms the principal part, have other distinctive names
never known as manufactures of copper in commerce, does not affect the question of the duty imposed by the Act;" and further
decided, July 19, 1869, that "the language of the Act of 24th February 1869, embraces every manufacture of which copper is the
component of chief value, whether the copper be the simple metal, or in the form of an alloy or combination, chemical or
"otherwise, with any other articles."
**

The District Court of the United States, Southern District of New York, decided (Internal Rev. Record of March 4, 1871),
that "Dutch Metal" 75 per cent. of which was copper, was liable only to "ten" per centum ad valorem, under section 19, Act of
March 2, 1861, and not as a manufacture of which copper is of chief value at 45 per cent. under Act of February 24, 1869, it being
a manufacture of which "brass" forms the chief value; that brass is recognised in commerce as also in the 22d section of the
Act of March 2, 1861, and 13th section of the Act of July 14, 1862, as a distinct metal from copper, although brass as known in
commerce contains generally 60 per cent. of copper. Under the ruling of said court, all articles, not otherwise provided for, of
which the brass of commerce is the component of chief value, is a manufacture of brass and not a manufacture of copper, within
the meaning of the Act of February 24, 1869. The Treasury Department has accepted court's ruling.
220

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Meteorological instruments, specially im-
ported in good faith
for the use of any so-
ciety incorporated or
established for reli-
gious purposes
same, specially imported
in good faith for the
use of any society or
institutionincorporated
or established for phi-
losophical, educational,
scientific, or literary
purposes, or encourage-
ment of the fine arts,
and not for sale
Metronomes, metal (iron or brass), and
wood, metal chief value
Mica and mica waste
Milk
manufactures of bronze powder
of india-rubber
of roses, as cosmetics
preserved or condensed
sugar of
Mill irons and cranks, of wrought iron
saws, not over 9 in. wide
15 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
99
29
over 9 in. wide
Millstones, burrstones, manufactured or
""
bound up into millstones
same, in blocks, rough or
unmanufactured
same, known as
"skeleton
stones," manufactured but
not bound up
not burrstone, manufactured
wholly or in part -
Mills, coffee, &c., wood and iron, as manu-
factures of iron not otherwise provided
for
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
1
15 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
per
0 8
4
4 1
2 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
9 6
8
per ton
121 cts. per lineal foot.
= per
lineal foot
0
0 61
20 cts. per lineal foot.
= per
lineal foot
0 0 10
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
20 per cent.

35 per cent.
221

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ S.
d.
Mineral and bituminous substances, in a
crude state, not otherwise
provided for -
blue and green, dry or moist
kermes
Mineralogy, specimens of, for cabinets,
and not for sale -
Mineral or medicinal waters, all, not arti-
ficial (from springs impreg-
nated with minerals)
or medicinal waters, if artificial,
in bottles or jugs containing
one quart or less*
More than one quart, 3 cts.
for each additional quart
or fractional part thereof
and 25 per ct.
Not in bottles or jugs
Miniature cases, according to material.
99
Miniatures
sheets, ivory
theatres of paper (if not chil-
dren's toys), dutiable as
manufactures of paper not
otherwise provided for
Mining tools (steel)
Mint, United States, copper for
Mirrors, glass for, or looking glass plate,
not over 10 in. × 15 in. sq.
same, over 10 in. x 15 in., and not
over 16 in. x 24 in.
same, over 16 in. x 24 in., and not
over 24 in. x 30 in.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
Free.
3 cts. each and 25 per ct.
3 cts. and 25 per ct.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
6 cts. per sq.
10 cts. per sq. foot
| | | | |
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
per doz.
01 625 per cent.
{
per addit.
quart
}
0 0 1 +25 per cent.
30 per cent.
11 11
4 cts. per sq. foot
= per
sq. foot
002
foot
35 cts. per sq. foot
60 cts. per sq. foot
per
sq. foot
per
sq. foot
per
sq. foot
= per
sq. foot
0
0 3
0 0 5
0 1 51
0 2 6
2.6
None of the above to pay a less
rate when framed, but to pay
in addition upon frames
30 per cent.
same, over 24 in. x 30 in., and not
over 24 in. x 60 in.
same, all above 24 in. × 60 in.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
1
30 per cent.

These are generally put up in half-pint and pint bottles, but it would seem to be the interest of the manufacturer to increase
the size of the bottles, otherwise the duty would, in the case of many of these preparations, amount to nearly 75 per cent. of their
value.
222
.:
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S. d.
Mirrors, hand
Mitts, cotton, all kinds
#
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
flax material of chief value
40 per cent.
hemp
30 per cent.
| | | |
""
made on frames, not otherwise pro-
vided for
35 per cent.
silk
""
60 per cent.
| |
woollen, knit, as follows:
valued at not over 40 cts. per 20 cts. per lb. and
lb. -
35 per cent.
= per lb.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
valued over 40 and not over
60 cts. per lb.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
valued over 60 and not over
80 cts. per lb.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
018
0 1 3 + 35 per cent.
+35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
valued over 80 cts. per lb.
wholly or partly of wool and made
on frames
Mock jewellery, of brass or other metal
pearls, not set
Modelling, according to component ma-
terials, unless specially exempted.
Models of inventions, and other improve-
ments in the arts; PRO-
VIDED, that no article shall
be so deemed which can be
fitted for use*
engines, &c., specially imported
for instruction or illustration
in schools, classified as philo-
sophical apparatus -
or imitations in papier mâché
of anatomical and botanical
specimens
Mohair and silk twist
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
>>
button cloths
coating and doeskin mohair coat-
ing composed of cotton, worsted,
and mohair, also mohair cloth
of same material, as follows :—
valued at not over 40 cts per lb.
10 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
0 2 1 +40 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
1
111
1
| | |
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
10 per cent.
{
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cen.
* Machinery imported to be used experimentally and fit for use is not entitled to exemption from duty as models of invention.
223

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Mohair coating, &c.-continued.
valued above 40 and not
60 cts. per lb.
over
over
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
above 60 and not over
80 cts. per lb.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
= per lb.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
£
93
tities.
A.
S. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
0 1 3 +35 per cent.
0 1 8 +35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
above 80 cts. per lb.
manufactures of, as above.*
serges, as above.
Moisic iron, same duty as on all other
species of iron of like condition, grade, or
› tage of manufacture.
Molasses f
Concentrated molasses, and tank
bottoms, syrup of sugar cane juice,
and melada -
per
64 cts. per gall.
0 2 71
#
10 gals. J
per
17 cts. per lb.
0 7 93
100 lbs. J
PROVIDED, that any of the same
of
entered under the name
66
"molasses" shall be forfeited
to the United States.
Monumental stone, not marble
Monuments of granite
Moon or poppy seed
Mops, cotton and iron
$11 per ton
20 per cent.
= per ton
0 6 3
1 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
35 per cent.
cotton and wood, wood chief value
sticks, wood, or wood and iron
wood and cotton, cotton chief value
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Morocco, skins, finished
skins for, tanned but unfinished
Morphia, and all salts of
Mortars, iron, brass, or metal composition
copper
glass
marble
other stone
agate, as stoneware.
Mosaic pictures, of marble, as manu-
factures of marble
Mosaics, real, not set
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
| | | | | | ° 1°
20 per cent.
0 0 03
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
$1 per oz.
= per oz.
042
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
set in gold or other metal
25 per cent.
"Florentine," so styled, of slate,
40 per cent.
|| | |
111
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
1
as ornaments for mantels, &c.
40 per cent.
* "Under the Act of 1842, goats' hair, plush or mohair plush, though composed partly of cotton, was chargeable with duty as a
manufacture of' goats' hair or mohair." "
No allowance can be made for damage to molasses soured on the voyage of importation. Molasses on board a Spanish brig
from Cuba is liable to the regular duties and the discriminating duty.

224
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Mosaics, when in settings or frames not
Moss, crude
* 99
of metal
for beds or mattresses
Iceland
prepared, as artificial flowers
Mother-of-pearl
buttons, with metal eyes
or shanks
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
50 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
""
knife handles, unfinished
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
shell boxes
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
manufactures of, not
otherwise provided
for
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
studs
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
99
Moulds, button
>>
lunar caustic
Mouse traps of wood and iron wire
“ Mousseline de laines," worsted or
worsted and silk, and "de laines," cotton
and worsted, as women's and children's
dress goods:
valued at not over 20 cts. per sq. yard
valued higher
PROVIDED that on all goods weigh-
ing 4 ozs. or over per sq. yard the
duty shall be
Mouth, perfumeries, cosmetics, or applica-
tions for the
Moveable picture books -
Mowing machines, according to material.
Muffs, foot, dressed sheep skins, with
wool on, and leather
35 per cent.
6 cts. per sq. yard
and 35 per cent.
8 cts. per sq. yard
and 40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per
sq. yard
= per
sq. yard
=
30 03 +35 per cent.
}
0 0 4 +40 per cent.
per lb. 0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
11
50 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
fur
哆
​35 per cent.
Mules, living
20 per cent.
Mundic, iron pyrites or arsenical pyrites
copper pyrites
20 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
per lb.
Munjeet, extract of
Free.
111101
0 0 21
or indian madder, ground or
prepared
Free.
Toot
Free.
Mungo, pulverized or not
12 cts. per
er lb.
per
100 lbs.
2·10 0
50 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.

1 1

225
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Murexide, a dye
Muriate of barytes
of cinchona
of gold
of potassa
of strontium
of tin
Muriatic acid
Museums, books, maps and charts (not
more than two copies in
any one invoice), regalia,
gems, statues, and speci-
mens of sculpture, spe-
cially imported in good
faith for the use of
all philosophical and scien-
tific apparatus, instruments
and preparations, statuary,
casts of marble, bronze,
alabaster, or plaster of
Paris, paintings, drawings,
and etchings, specially im-
ported in good faith for
the use of, and not inten-
ded for sale
Mushrooms, dried.
Free.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
Free.
| | | | | | | |
1
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£
d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
111
1
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
228
30 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
Music, printed with lines, bound or un-
bound
sheet
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Musical instruments,* metal, or metal
chief value
30 per cent.
وو
all other
30 per cent.
Same, if toys
Same, strings for, gut
Same, strings for, silk
Same, strings for, silk and metal, silk
not chief value
Musk, crude, in natural pod
as perfume
Musket barrels, part steel
99
bayonets
bullets
50 per cent.
Free.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
||
11111
1 1 1 1 1 1
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
30
per cent.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
* Parts of musical instruments, or articles appertaining thereto and which cannot be used for any other purpose, come within
the provision of musical instruments.
36247.
P

226
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Musket rods, iron
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
35 per cent.
steel
stocks
Muskets
Muslin. See Cottons.
Mustard, when enclosed in glass or tin
ground, in bulk
seed, brown and white
oil, not salad, expressed
**
salad, in flasks or bottles,
or not
Mutton, in carcase, dressed
Myrabolans, crude nut, for dyeing or
tanning
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
14 cts. per lb.
10 cts. per lb.
Free.
Free.
Free.
| | | |
£ s.
1
d.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 cts. per gall.
=
per lb.
per lb.
per gall.
0 0 7
0 0 5
ا
0 1 0
$1 per gall.
= per gall.
042
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Myrrh, gum
N.
Nail plates, iron
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Nails, board, iron, cut
11 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
= per ton
0 6 3
6 31
7 0 0
wrought iron
21 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
= per ton
0 10 5
11 13 4
5 1
4 J
brass. See note to Manufactures
of Brass
35 per cent.
china heads
45 per cent.
copper
45 per cent.
| | |
| 11
ornamental iron, with brass, gilt,
or polished heads
35 per cent.
silver and German silver
40 per cent.
"
zinc
horseshoe
other (according to material).
Nankeen uppers, for shoes or slippers
Naphtha
Naples soap
Narcotine
Natron, as soda ash
35 per cent.
| | |
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
{
35 per cent.
40 cts. per gall.
10 cts. per lb. and
= per
100 lbs.
= per ton
}
per gall.
= per lb.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
1 0 10
23 6 8
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
per lb. per 1
ct. per lb.
100 lbs.
018
0 0 5
01 02
35 per cent.
+ 25 per cent.
40 per cent.

227
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Natural grass flowers, being natural
95
grasses, dried and prepared
History, specimens of, for cabi-
nets, and not for sale
Neatsfoot oil
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Necklace of pearl and diamonds, set in
gold
25 per cent.
Necklaces, glass-bead
50 per cent.
Neckties, silk
60 per cent.
Needle cases, according to material.
Needles, crochet, shell -
35 per cent.
وو
crochet, bone, ivory, or horn -
35 per cent.
>>
| |
1
1
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
| | |
d.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
| |
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
دو
other, according to mate-
rials.
for sewing, darning, knitting,
and all other descriptions
for knitting or sewing machines.
sail
Negrohead cloth, cotton and worsted, as
•
follows:
{
25 per cent.
$1 per 1,000 and
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
valued at not over 40 cts. per 20 cts. per lb. and
""
lb.-
at over 40 and not over
60 cts. per lb.
at over 60 and not over
80 cts. per lb.
at over 80 cts. per lb.
Nets, fishing, dip or scoop, cotton
same, of flax
head, wool, worsted or mohair
head or hair, of silk and gum elastic
seine
spot, silk and cotton, but commer-
cially known as silk lace
Netting of human hair, foundation for
wigs.com
Newspapers, illustrated or not
New Zealand flax
Nicholson pavement blocks, made wholly
by sawing
Nickel
{
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
{
= per
1,000
= per lb.
= per lb.
per lb.
= per lb.
1
cent.
25 per
0 4 2 + 35 per cent.
25 per cent.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
0 1 3 +35 per cent.
0 1 8 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
11
35 per eent.
40 per cent.
+50 per cent.
0 2 1 + 50
}
= per lb.
60 per cent.
61 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 31
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
$5 per ton
per ton
1 0 10
20 per cent.
20
per cent.
30 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 1 3
1
* These nets were by decision of the Department Dec. 17, 1866, classified as “articles worn," &c., but as the Revised Statutes
except Silk Manufactures, the above classification would seem to be now correct.
P 2

228
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ S. d.
Nickel, alloy of, with copper
oxide
Nippers, iron
Nitrate of barytes
20 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0
0 10
20 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0
0 10
35 per cent.
Nipples for guns, of iron and steel
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
ct. per lb.
per lb.
000
of iron
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
of lead
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0
1
of potash, crude
1 ct. per lb.
>>
refined and partially
refined
per lb.
0 0 0
2 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 1
of silver-
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
of tin
20 per cent.
Nitrates, all, when prepared for medi-
20 per cent.
cinal purposes
Nitre, cubic, as nitrate of soda
Nitric acid, yellow and white
40 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
not chemically pure
Free.
ether, spirits of
50 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 2 1
Nitro-benzole
10 cts. per lb.
Nitro-glycerine
per lb.
0 0 5
111100
40 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
=per proof
gall.
ว
0 8 4
40 per cent.
= per
per lb.
0 0 10
per lb.
0 0 1
Nitro-picric acid
Non-enumerated Articles. See Note
below.*
Norfolk latches
Noyeau, duty same as on
99
"absinthe "
with additional duty of 3 cts.
each for the bottles.
Nursing bottles of moulded glass, finished,
with all fixtures attached
Nutgalls
Nutmegs
Nuts, all kinds (except of metal) not
35 per cent.
$2 per proof gall.{
40 per cent.
Free.
20 cts. per lb.
otherwise provided for
cocoa
Brazil or cream
palm
used in dyeing
"
wrought iron
Nux vomica
2 cts. per lb.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
2 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
= per
per ton
Free.
ton's
0 8 4
9 6 8
1
1
* There shall be levied, collected, and paid on the importation of all raw or unmanufactured articles, not herein enumerated or
provided for, a duty of 10 per centum ad valorem ; and on all articles manufactured in whole or in part, not herein enumerated
or provided for, a duty of 20 per centum ad valorem.

229
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
0.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Oak-bark
Oakum
Oar blocks, rough hewn or sawed only
Oatmeal -
Oats (32 lbs. to bush.)
for seed
ground for provender
Object glasses for telescopes, edges ground
or cut
Obscene articles, importation prohibited.
Ochres and ochrey earths, of whatever
colour, not otherwise provided for:
dry
ground in oil
Odor cases, glass and leather
Odors or perfumes
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
0001
0 0 5
20 per cent.
ct. per lb.
10 cts. per bush.
per lb.
per bush.
10 cts. per bush.
per bush.
005
10 cts. per bush.
per bush.
005
40 per cent.
1
40 per cent.
50 cts. per 100 lbs.
= per
100 lbs.
0 2 1
$14 per 100 lbs.
per
100 lbs.
063
1
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
$4 per oz.
Free.
per oz.
0 16 8
1
Enanthic ether, or oil of cognac
Oilcake, linseed -
Oilcloth, for carriage floors, too thin and
frail for recognised floor oil-
cloths
**
foundations or floor-cloth can-
vas, made of flax, jute, or
hemp, or of which flax, jute,
or hemp shall be the compo-
nent material of chief value
medicated, not silk
silk
all other
table mats
lined with wool or woollens
>>
{"
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
60 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
Oilcloths, for floors, stamped, painted or
printed :
valued at 50 cts. or less per sq. yd.
valued at over 50 cts. per sq. yd.
Oil seeds, of like character with hemp
and rape seed, excepting flax and linseed
Oilsilk cloth
Oils, absinthe or wormwood
45 per cent.
| | | | |
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
60 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
"}
= per lb.
02 1
+ 35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
| |
& ct.
ct. per lb.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
= per lb.
0001
14
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.

230
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Oils, all animal, not otherwise provided for
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
>>
all essential, not otherwise provided
for
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
>>
all expressed, not otherwise pro-
vided for
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
,, allspice
almonds
50 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
artificial
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
005
amber, crude
Free.
**
amber, rectified
Free.
ambergris
Free.
111
دو
amylic alcohol (fusel oil)
aniline, crude
>>
animal, all-
$2 per gall.
Free.
20 per cent.
= per gall.
084
20 per cent.
""
anise, or anise-seed
Free.
""
anthos or rosemary
Free.
29
antique
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
apple
$2.50 per lb.
(C
,,
carraway
apricot
,, asphaltum
"banks" or "straits," so called, crude,
as fish oil
>>
banks or "straits," refined, as me-
dicinal preparations
bay leaves, essential
bay or laurel, fixed or expressed
bay rum, essence or oil
bears', hair oil
22
bene [cenne]
bergamot
,,
bituminous
,, cajeput
40 per cent.
$17.50 per lb.
20 cts. per lb.
50 cts. per oz.
50 per cent.
30 cts. per gall.
Free.
= per lb.
per lb.
= per oz.
3 12 11
0 0 10
0 2 1
1
1
50 per cent.
= per gall.
0 1 3
40 cts. per gall.
= per gall.
0 18
Free.
Free.
50 per cent.
Free.
$2.50 per lb.
40 cts. per gall.
20 per cent.
per lb.
per lb.
= per gall.
0 10 5
0 10 5
0 1 8
1
20 per cent.
1
40 per cent.
.. cassæ
,, cassia
"
castor, expressed
""
cedrat
22
cenne
"
chamomile
Chinese pea-nut
cinnamon
citronella or lemon grass
""
eivet
"
39
>>
cloves
claimed as patent medicines
50 per cent.
$1 per gall.
Free.
30 cts. per gall.
Free.
per gall. 0 4 2
= per gall.
0 13
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
50 per cent.
I
50 per cent.
3 $2 per lb.
= per lb.
0 8 4
| | 1| 1| ∞
20 per cent.

231
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
Oils, coal, crude
>>
>>
>>
""
coal, refined or distilled
coal-tar, also known as nitro-benzole,
oil or essence of mirbane, and arti-
ficial oil of almonds, made of ben-
zole and nitric acid
cocoanut
codfish, for tanners' use
cod liver, fit for medical purposes
cod liver, brown or crude, or crude
in barrels
cognac or œnanthic ether
colza or cabbage seed
cotton seed
croton
cubebs
15 cts. per gall.
40 cts. per gall.
per gall.
= per gall.
£
S.
d.
0 0 71
0 1 8
梦梦
​""
cummin, essential
>>
elder, essential
encalypte
50 per cent.
>>
enfleuraged, as hair oils, pomades, &c.
50 per cent.
fennel
Free.
20 per cent.
10 cts. per lb.
Free.
20 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 5
40 per cent.
0111
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
$4 per oz.
per oz.
0 16 8
20 per cent.
30 cts. per gall.
20 per cent.
per gall.
$1 per lb.
per lb.
0 1
04
3
2
$1 per lb.
per lb.
0 4 2
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
99
Free.
30 cts. per gall.
per gall.
01 3
50 per cent.
1
1
50 per cent.
>>
>>
""
""
fish (foreign fisheries)
(American fisheries)
the product of the sea fisheries
of Newfoundland
flaxseed, 7½ lbs. to gall
2
for cosmetics
fruit, ethers, essences or oils of
apple, pear, peach, apricot, straw-
berry and raspberry, made of fusel
oil or of fruit, or imitations thereof
fusel
gaultheria procumbens, or winter-
green oil, essential
ground bean, expressed
hair
Harlaem
hartshorn
hempseed
illuminating, and naphtha, benzine,
and benzole, refined or produced
from the distillation of coal, asphal-
tum, shale, peat, petroleum, or rock
oil, or other bituminous substances
used for like purposes
$2.50 per lb.
$2 per gall.
per lb.
per gall.
0 10 5
08 4
11
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
23 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0 0 11
40 cts. per gall.
= per gall. | 018
1

232
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Oils, jasmine or jessamine
£ s.
d.
Free.
juglandium
juniper
Free.
Free.
11 1
99
29
kerosene
residuum of, if over 20°
Beaumé
same, not over 20° Beaumé
laurel or bay, fixed or expressed
lavender or spike
lemon grass
lemons, essential
40 cts. per gall.
per gall.
018
| | | |
20 cts. per gall.
= per gall.
0 0 10
20 per cent.
20 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 10
Free.
Free.
11011
20 per cent.
50 cts. per lb.
limets or limette, essential
per lb.
0 2 1
50 per cent.
""
"
99
99
""
orange, essential
linseed, 7 lbs. to gall.
macassar, essential
mace
mineral
mint, essential
mirbane
mustard, not salad, expressed
mustard, salad
neat's foot
neroli, or orangeflower, essential
nitro-benzole
nutmegs, essential
nuts, essential
olive, in flasks or bottles, and salad*
,, olive, not salad, not in flasks or
bottles
olive, for perpetual lamp of a syna-
gogue
origanum, or red thymet
50 per cent.
30 cts. per gall.
= per gall.
013
50 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
40 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0 18
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0
0 5
25 cts. per gall.
= per gall
0
1 1 01/2
$1 per gall.
per gall.
0
4
2
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 cts. per lb.
per lb.
005
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
M
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
$1 per gall.
=
per gall. 0 4 2
25 cts. per gall.
= per gall. 01 01
10%
$1 per gall.
50 cts. per lb.
=
per gall.
= per lb.
0 4
042
0 2 1
palm, or palm bean-
Free.
Free.
Palma Christi, or ricini, castor oil
፡፡
,, parsley, essential
$1 per gall.
50 per cent.
"
peach
$2.50 per lb.
= per gall.
= per lb.
04 2
50 per cent.
0 10 5
"
peanuts, expressed
pear
20 per cent.
$2.50 per lb.
= per lb.
0 10 5
peat
40 cts. per gall.
pepper, essential
= per gall.
0 1
peppermint, essential
perfumed by enfleurage process
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
*"Olive oil fit for use as salad oil, duty $1 per gallon, under the special provision for salad oil, whether olive oil is salad
depends upon its quality, and not upon the character of the package in which imported."
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
19-11 1
20 per cent.
8

233
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ S. d.
Oils, petroleum, crude or rock oil
20 cts. per gall.
per gall.
refined
40 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0 0 10
018
擎
​residuum of, if over 20°
Beaumé
20 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0 0 10
I
same, not over 20° Beaumé
20 per cent.
>>
pimento, essential
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
**
pomades, as toilet articles
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
**
poppy
Free.
rapeseed
23 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0 0 11/1/20
raspberry
$2.50 per lb.
per lb.
0 10 5
rhodium, essential
50 per cent.
1
50 per cent.
ricini
$1 per gall.
per gall.
04 2
**
rock, crude
20 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0
0 10
refined
40 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0
18
residuum of, if over 20° Beaumé
20 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0
0 10
same, not over 20° Beaumé
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
>>
rosemary
Free.
roses, attar of
Free.
roses or attar
Free.
rue, essential
50 per cent.
rum, or rum essence
50 cts. per oz.
= per oz.
021
saffron, essential
50 per cent.
sage, essential
50 per cent.
Tall
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
梦梦
​salad, all, whether in flasks or bottles,
or not
$1 per gall.
= per gall. 04 2
sassafras, essential
50 per cent.
savine, essential
50 per cent.
seal
20 per cent.
seal, from Canada
20 per cent.
99
shale
**
sesame or sesamum seed
sperm or spermaceti (foreign fisheries)
same, of American fisheries
spike, essential
Free.
11
8882
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 cts. per gall.
per gall.
018
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
spruce, essential
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
>>
spurge, essential
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
"straits," so called, crude, as fish oil
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
strawberry
sweet marjoram, essential
"
tansy
thyme, red-
19
thyme, white
$2.50 per lb.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
per lb.
0 10 5
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
tuberose, essential
» turpentine
valerian
50 per cent.
30 cts. per gall.
= per gall.
013
No Free.
=
50 per cent.
234
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
1
sine
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
48
S. d.
medicinal preparations of, proprie-
prepared for smoking, and all other
50 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
vegetable, if expressed, not other-
wise provided for
20 per cent.
,,
violets, essential
,, vitriol, or sulphuric acid
99
29
**
""
whale (foreign fisheries)
of American fisheries
wintergreen, essential
Ylang-ylang
Ointments, patent medicines
Olibanum, gum
Olives, green or prepared
99
stuffed, as prepared olives
Onions
Opium * -
extract of, and all preparations of,
not otherwise provided for, and
retaining the form of opium, and
used for like purposes
same, liquid, if medicinal
tary, as patent medicines
preparations of opium, not other-
Hwise provided for
Optical instruments
Orange buds and flowers
crystals
""
peel, candied
otherwise prepared
97
not preserved, candied, or
mineral, as red lead
Oranges. See Damage on Fruit
Orchill, or archill, in the weed or liquid
20 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Oils, vanilla beans, essential
vegetable, if essential, not otherwise
provided for
50 per cent.
1 1
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
$1 per lb.
= per lb.
04 2
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.

50 per cent.
$6 per lb.
= per lb.
1 5 0
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
$6 per lb.
40 per cent.
Free.
= per lb.
1 5 0
[ [ [ ]
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 1
20 per cent.
Free.
,,extract of (persis)
Ordnance, brass or iron
Ore, antimony
cobalt
Free.
35 per cent.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
* Opium is not entitled to the privilege of repacking in bond. This confines the duty of six dollars per pound to opium pre-
pared for smoking, and to all other preparations of opium which retain the form of opium and are used for like purposes, and does
not extend to any fluid, proprietary, or patent medicine.
†Boxes and bags containing oranges, lemons, and maccaroni, become merchandise when they enter into the value and are sold
with the articles they contain; and their cost is properly included in the dutiable value of the contents.

235
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Ore, corundum
**
gold and silver
iron
**
,, specimens of, for cabinets, and not for
$6 per ton
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
£
= per ton
1 5 0
}} }}
1100
d.
1
20 per cent.
[ 11 ]
| | | |
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
| 1
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
sale
not otherwise provided
for
tin
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
Ore crushers, according to material.
Organs
Orleans, or extracts of, as annatto
Ornamental feathers, not otherwise pro-
vided for
Ornamental flowers
Ornaments, alabaster and spar
bead
""
""
99
>>
**
>>
Orpiment
buttons for, wholly or partly
of wool, worsted, or mohair
cut glass
dress, of silk or part silk
for bonnets, hats, &c., not
silk or wool
or trimmings for same, silk
of metal, not for the person,
and not otherwise provided
for, according to material.
Orris or iris root
Osier or willow, baskets and other manu-
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
59 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
30 per cent.
60 per cent.
Free.
Free.
factures of, not other-
wise provided for
35 per cent.
prepared for basket ma-
kers' use
30 per cent.
Osmium, a metal
Free.
Osnaburgs. See Linens.
Ottar of roses
Oxalic acid
Oxidizing paste
Oxyd of bismuth
Free.
Free.
Free.
| |
111
30 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
TIT
""
of iron, crude
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
same, as medicinal preparation
40 per cent.
same, as paint
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
of tin
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
"
of zinc, dry or ground in oil
12
1 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
= per 0 7 3/2

236
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Oxyd, of zinc, medicinal preparation
Oxymuriate or chloride of lime
Oysters, as shellfish
>>
preserved in oil
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
| | | |
£ s.
d.
40 per cent.
| | | |
35 per cent.
P.
Packing boxes, not otherwise provided for
Packthread, flax or linen
all other
Padding, calf-hair and cotton, so called
>>
canvas, 18 inches wide, for tai-
loring purposes, chair seats,
&c.:-
valued at not over 30 cts.
per sq. yard
valued at over 30 cts. per
sq. yard
linen, as canvas paddings.
{
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
| | |
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
wool
{
Paddy
Pad-screws
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
1 cts. per lb.
}
per lb.
0 2
1 + 35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 03
35 per cent.
Pader, as steel
45 per cent.
Painters' brushes
40 per cent.
111
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
""
colours, not otherwise provided
40 per cent.
for
25 per cent.
Geneva, enamelled
Paintings,* and statuary, not otherwise
provided for
in water colours, executed by
the brush, without any use
of the burin
obscene or indecent, importa-
tion prohibited.
on glass or glasses
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
1. 1
10 per cent.
1
|
1
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Portraits "done in silk" are not to be considered as paintings.
*"A Painting, within the meaning of the law, must be an object of taste, recognised as a painting in the usual acceptation of the
term; and not paintings on glass, porcelain, or similar materials, or on plates, goblets, or any other utensil, or capable of being
converted into breastpins, ear-drops, or other ornaments to be worn on the person.'
Paintings, statuary, and photographic pictures, imported for exhibition only, are free of duty.

237
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Faintings, specially imported in good
faith for the use of any
society or institution incor-
porated or established for
philosophical, educational,
scientific, or literary pur-
poses, or encouragement of
the fine arts, and not in-
tended for sale
statuary, fountains, and other
works of art, the production
of American artists, if fact
of such production be veri
fied*
**
if for presentation to national
or other institutions
for churches or religious insti-
tutions
Paints, moist water colours, used in the
manufacture of paper hangings,
and coloured papers and cards,
not otherwise provided for
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
10 per cent.
1
1
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
25 per cent.
water colours, not otherwise pro-
vided for
35 per cent.
Paints and Colors:-
All, not otherwise provided for
Aniline
Barytes (combinations of, with acid or
water)
Berlin blue
Blanc fixe
Bone or ivory drop black
25 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
25 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
25 per cent.
= per lb.
Bremen blue -
Carmine, dry
Carmine lake, dry or liquid.
Chalk
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
Chinese blue -
25 per cent.
Chrome yellow (chromate of lead)
25 per cent.
| | | | | |
£ S. d.
1
I
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
0011/20
25 per cent.
0 0 1
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
* Frames of such paintings are exempt from duty only when they are of inconsiderable value, and obviously designed only for
the preservation of the paintings from injury during its transportation.
Portraits "done in silk" are not to be considered "paintings," within the meaning of the law.

238
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Desenna
Paints, &c.-continued.
Cochineal
Cochineal lake
Dutch pink
£
Free.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Drop black, as paint -
25 per cent.
Fig blue
Enamelled white
Frankfort black
Indian red
3 cts. per lb.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
French green, dry or moist
Ivory drop black
King's yellow
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
| | | | | | | | | |
= per lb.
| | 9 | | | | | | 9 || | || :
d.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
0 0 11/2
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Kremnitz white, as white lead
Lake, not carmine
Lampblack
Lead, red or white, and litharge, dry
or ground in oil
Lime white
Mineral blue, dry or moist
Mineral green, dry or moist
Ochres and ochrey earths, not other-
wise provided for, dry
Same, ground in oil
Olympian green
Oxide of iron
Oxide of zinc, dry or in oil
Paris green, dry or moist
Paris white, dry
30 per cent.
13 cts. per lb.
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 1
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
3 cts. per lb.
|| ||
= per lb.
= per
per lb.
0 0 11/20
0 0 11/
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
2
ct. per lb.
11 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 02
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
= per 10 lb.
0082
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
ground in oil
11 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 03
Patent yellow
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Prussian blue, dry or moist
Rose pink
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
25 per cent,
Satin white
Spanish brown, dry or ground in oil
Terra umbra, dry
Same, in oil
3 cts. per lb.
25 per cent.
ct. per lb.
1
Tuscan red, as dry colcothar
cts. per lb.
Free.
Ultramarine
6 cts. per lb.
Umber
ct. per lb.
= per lb.
per lb.
0 0
0 0 0
3
Vandyke brown.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Venetian red, dry or ground in oil
25 per cent.
Vermillion, dry or ground in oil
25 per cent.
Wash bluefik D
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Whiting, dry
"
1 ct. per lb.
ground in oil
2 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
per lb.
0001
0
0
1
M
per lb.
0 0 11/2
25 per cent.
*
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 02
0 0 01

239
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Paints, &c.-continued.
Woad or pastel
Wood lake
Palings, wood, rough
same, manufactured
Palladium, metal, unmanufactured
manufactures of
Pallettes, as cutlery
Palm leaf fans
**
>>
made of the leaf of the
palm tree, with artificial
handles -
hats, bonnets, and hoods
Free.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
| | | | | | | |
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£
S.
d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
**
**
unmanufactured
manufactured
nuts and palm nut kernels
oil -
40 per cent.
trimmings, &c. of, for hats,
bonnets, &c.
30 per cent.
梦梦
​Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
25 per cent.
[ 75 cts. per doz. and
30 per cent.
=per doz.
$1 per doz. and
30 per cent.
-per doz.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
Pamphlets, bound or unbound
Panel saws, not over 24 inches long
over 24 inches long -
Panoramic views, as paintings
Pans, frying, wrought iron, tinned
frying, wrought iron, galvanized 24 cts. per lb.
with metal
glazed or tinned
Pantaloon stuffs, cotton, as follows:-
Not exceeding 100 threads to the
square inch, counting the warp and
filling, and exceeding 5 oz. to the
square yard :
Unbleached
Bleached
Coloured, stained, painted, or
printed
Same, finer or lighter, not exceeding
200 threads to the square inch :
Unbleached
Bleached
Coloured, stained, painted, or
printed
}
| 1
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
0 3 11 + 30 per cent.
042
+ 30 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
=per ton
0 0 11
0 14
7
7 1
16 6
8
8 J
{
6 cts. per sq. yd.
6 cts. per sq. yd.
61 cts. per sq. yd.
and 10 per cent.
=per sq.yd.
=per sq.yd.
0 0 3
0
03
0 34
=per sq.yd.
0
0 3 + 10 per cent.
{
6 cts. per sq. yd.
64 cts. per sq. yd.
6 cts. per sq. yd.
and 15 per cent.
=per sq.yd.
per sq.yd.
0 0
3
0 0 31
per sq.yd.
=per sq.yd. 0 0
31 + 15 per cent.

240
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
£
S. d.
7 cts. per sq. yd.
=per sq.yd.
per sq.yd.
0 0 31
0
0 0 3
}
per sq.yd. 0 0 34+ 15 per cent.
Pantaloon stuffs-continued.
Same, exceeding 200 threads to the
square inch :
Unbleached
Bleached
Coloured, stained, painted, or
printed
None of more than 200 threads to be
admitted to a less rate of duty than
those of 200.
Paper, all grasses and pulp of grasses for
the manufacture of
all kinds, not otherwise provided
for
74 cts. per sq. yd.
7 cts. per sq. yd.
and 15 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
all manufactures of, not otherwise
provided for
35 per cent.
all, sized or glued, suitable only
for printing paper*
25 per cent.
boxes, all kinds
35 per cent.
"cigarette paper
so called, in
sheets and reams
35 per cent.
cigars, same duty as cigars
{
1 1
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
| |
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
= per 1,000
0 10 5
+25 per cent.
1 5 0
35 per cent.
Also internal revenue tax of
clippings and shavings, fit only for
making paper -
envelopes
Esparto or Spanish grass or fibre
for making paper
$2.50 per lb. and
25 per cent.
$6 per 1,000
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
fish and paper balloons, as children's
toys
50 per cent.
gold and silver (real) in sheets,
strips, or other forms
40 per cent.
gold and silver, imitation of
35 per cent.
"half stuff," pulp
20 per cent.
hangings and paper for screens
and fireboards
35 per cent.
in sheets covered with dutch
metal
known as "plate paper
35 per cent.
>>
masks used by adults
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
| | |
1 111
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
* Under this provision there will be entitled to entry such paper as is generally used for printing distinguished from that used
for writing and other such purposes; fine glazed paper, such as is used for books, magazines, and illustrated weekly papers will be
admitted at this rate of duty.
241

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Paper, music, with printed lines, bound
**
**
or in sheets
ornaments for trunks
pasteboard
photographic
printing, unsized, used for books
and newspapers exclusively
rags, waste, wood, &c., for manu-
facture of paper
sheathing
slipper patterns, as printed matter-
stock, crude, of every description -
stock, pulp
Papers, cigarette, as smokers' articles
illustrated or not
Papier mâché, manufactures of
Paraffine
Parallel rules, ivory, not mounted
Parasol ribs and stretchers, frames, tips,
runners, handles, or other
parts, wholly or chiefly of
metal
**
sticks, in the rough, or no
further manufactured than cut
into suitable lengths -
sticks and frames, finished or
not, not otherwise provided
for
wire, square, of iron, to make
stretchers for, cut into pieces
not exceeding the length
therefor
same, of steel
Parasols, not silk or alpaca
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
75 per cent.
1
I
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 5
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per
cent.
45 per cent.
60 per cent.
生​啦
​35 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
75 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
silk or alpaca
Parchment
30 per cent.
old manuscripts of, fit only
for re-manufacture
10 per cent.
Parian ware, plain white
45 per cent.
gilded, ornamented, or
decorated
50 per cent.
Paris skirtings, worsted and cotton, as bal-
99
moral skirtings -
white, dry
""
ground in oil
{
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
1 cts. per lb.
}
| | | | |
= per lb.
= per
per lb.
= per lb.
| | | | |
11
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
60 per cent.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
0001
0 0 03
36247.
242
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
Paris, green, dry or moist
Parisiennes, as silk veil goods
Parsley seeds
Paste, almond, cosmetic
""
""
Brazil
or composition of glass, set
for jewellers' use, not set-
oxidizing -
of sulphide of copper, as oxidizing
paste
perfumed, as cosmetics
tooth, as cosmetics
Pasteboard
Pastel or woad
Patent medicines
size
leather
"
**
thread or gill twine
>>
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
S.
£
· | | | | | | ||
| | | | | | | |
floor-cloth, oil, as other floor oil-
cloth, viz. :-
valued at 50 cts. or less per square
yard
valued over 50 cts. per square yard
Patterns, cards of, if invoiced, subject to
duty according to material
**
for slippers, paper, engraved
If wool, in whole or part
Pavement blocks [Nicholson's]
Paving tiles
stones
Peanut, oil of, expressed
Peanuts or ground beans
99
shelled
Pearl ash, as bicarbonate of soda
barley
beads
mother of (shell), unmanufactured
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
| |
25 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
}
= per lb.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
1 cts. per lb.
14 cts. per lb.
1 ct. per lb.
50 per cent.
Free.
buttons, with metal eyes or shanks
studs
30 per cent.
knife handles, unfinished
"shell boxes
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
mother of, manufactures of, not
otherwise provided for
35 per cent.
Pearls, not set
10 per cent.
d.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
= per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 01
021 + 35 per cent.
11110
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
0 0
0 0 03
0 0 0/
| 1
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.

35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
243
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.

Pearls, set
>>
on strings, used as beads
If imported strung on thread,
for convenience of trans-
portation and to be set in
America, they are dutiable
as pearls not set
composition, set
imitation or mock, not set
and pearl shells of American
fisheries
Peas, as seed
**
**
as vegetables
split
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
| 1
| | |
£
S. d.
111
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Peat, or manufactured fuel
Pebbles, glass, for spectacles, rough
Same, not rough
Brazil, for spectacles, rough
Pedestals of marble or other material,
if not surmounted or ac-
companied by figures, &c.
according to material.
same, if accompanied by figures,
as statuary.
Peel, orange or lemon, candied, as comfits
**
>>
not preserved,
20 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
pomegranate
Pelerines, silk
Pellitory root
Pelts (hides uncured)
Pencil cases, gold, silver, or German silver
>>
**
plated or gilt
Pencils, wood, filled with lead or other
materials
{ε
candied,
otherwise pre-
pared-
or
Free.
20 per cent.
60 per cent.
20 per cent.
60 per cent.
Free.
Free.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per gross and
30 per cent.
per gross
0 2 1+30 per cent.
**
slate, not covered with wood
40 per cent.
hair
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
lead, not covered with wood
$1 per gross
= per gross
04 2
Penknives
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
Pens, gold or silver
40 per cent.
metallic, other than gold or silver
10 cts. per gross and
25 per cent.
=per gross
0 0 5
40 per cent.
+ 25 per cent.
Q:2
244

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
A.
B.
Pen tips and pen holders, or parts thereof
quills for
wipers, of woollen and cotton rags,
combined with wood, brass, and
leather
Pepper, bird
black, white, and red, or cay-
enne
The same when ground-
35 per cent.
Free.
50 cts. per lb. and
£
S. d.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
per lb.
10 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 21/0
005
5 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 21/20
20 per cent.
I
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
Perfumery, not otherwise provided for
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
08 4
gall.
dust
Peppers, Haytien, in salt and water
Percussion caps. See note to Manu-
factures of Copper
Periodicals, bound or unbound -
Permanganate of potash
Perry
Persis, or extract of archil
Personal effects, not merchandise and
wearing apparel in actual use, of persons
arriving in the United States *
Peruvian bark
Pestles (according to material).
Petroleum or rock oil
**
>>
22
barrels, empty, re-imported.
refined
residuum of, or tar, under 20°
Beaumé
When over 20° Beaumê (ibid.)
Pewter and Britannia metal, old, and fit
only to be remanufactured
manufactures of, of which pewter
is chief value
Phanglein
$2 per proof gall. {=per pf.
Free.
| 1
Free.
Free.
20 cts. per gall.
Free.
= per gall. 0 0 10
40 cts. per gall.
per gall.
018
20 per cent.
20 cts. per gall.
20 per cent.
per gall. 0 0 10
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
1
I
35 per cent.
1
1
* This embraces a carriage, wagon, sleigh, and harness used abroad by one immigrating into the United States, and to be used
by himself there.

Personal effects must accompany the person " arriving."
Must have been in actual use abroad or in the United States by the persons owning them, prior to the shipment from the foreign
port.
Iron safes, such as are used in an office or store, are not entitled to free entry as inmigrants' effects.
245
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Philosophical and scientific apparatus,
""
instruments, and pre-
parations, specially im-
ported in good faith for
the use of any society
or institution incor-
porated or established
for philosophical, edu-
cational, scientific, or
literary purposes, or
encouragement of the
fine arts, and not in-
tended for sale
apparatus and instruments
apparatus and instruments
for United States
same, specially imported in
good faith for the use of
any society incorporated
or established for reli-
gious purposes
societies or institutions,
all philosophical and
scientific apparatus,
instruments, and prepa-
rations, statuary, casts
of marble, bronze, ala-
baster, or plaster of
Paris, paintings, draw-
ings and etchings,
specially imported in
good faith, for the use
of, and not intended for
sale
same, books, maps, and
charts (not more than
two copies in any one
invoice), regalia gems,
statues and specimens
of sculpture, specially
imported in good faith
for the use of
Phosphates, crude or native, for fer-
tilizing purposes
>>
of lime, crude, as manure
Free.
40 per cent.
Free.
15 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
£ s.
d.
| 1
1
40 per cent.
1
15 per cent.

| I
246
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Phosphates of lime, as medicinal prepa-
of soda, crude
ration
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
梦
​>>
as medicinal prepa-
ration
40 per cent.
Phosphorus
20 per cent.
Phosphuret of lime
20 per cent.
Photographic albums, of leather and
paper, as leather manu-
factures not otherwise
provided for
same, unbound, as paper
manufactures not other-
wise provided for
baths and dippers
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
frames, paper and plain
glass
35 per cent.
**
views,
for exhibition,
under regulations.
3.
views
111
|| | ||
£ s.
d.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Photographs
paper
Photographic apparatus (as glass)
Piano covers, of wool, embroidered on
the borders with silk, as woollen manu-
factures
Pianoforte ferrules, iron
Pianofortes
Pickets, wood, rough
Pickled fish, all, not otherwise provided
for, in barrels
Free.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
f 50 cts. per lb. and
{
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
| || | || | ||
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
}
= per lb. 021
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
$11 per bbl.
Pickles, all, not otherwise provided for
Picric, or nitro-picric acid
per bbl.
06 3
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Picrotoxine
Pictorials, illustrated books and papers -
Picture books, moveable
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
99
cards, printed in colours, as en-
25 per cent.
gravings
25 per cent.
glass, as window glass.
25 per cent.
Picture frames
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Pictures, obscene or indecent, impor-
tation prohibited.
Pigments. See Paints.
Piling, consisting of rough logs with

bark on
Free.
247
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Pills, as proprietary medicines
Pimento -
>>
ground-
Pin or needle cases, according to material.
cushions, cotton, as manufactures of
cotton not otherwise provided for
cushions, silk chief value
""
Pincers, iron
part steel
shoe, case-hardened iron
Pine apples. See Damage on Fruit
梦想
​apple slips, for propagation
apples, preserved in their own juice
and sugar
Pink, rose
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
50 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0
21
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 5
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
| | | | | |
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
dutch
**
25 per cent.
root, crude
Pink saucers (cosmetics)
Pins, hair, of iron wire
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
hair, gutta percha
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
india-rubber
彬彬
​35 per cent.
35 per cent.
gold or silver, not jewellery
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
**
gold or silver, jewellery
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
solid head or other
>>
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
other (according to material).
rest, iron, for inside of pianos

35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Pipe cases, pipe stems, tips, mouth pieces,
and metallic mountings for pipes,
and all parts of pipes or pipe
fixtures, and all smokers' articles
bowls, or pipe heads of every de-
scription, including common clay f
Pipeclay
Piperine
Pipes, clay, common or white*
**
coloured clay
meerschaum, wood, porcelain,
lava, and all other tobacco
smoking pipes and pipe bowls,
not otherwise provided for
75 per cent.
$1.50 per gross and
75 per cent.
$5 per ton
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
$1.50 per gross and
75 per cent.
$1.50 per gross and
75 per cent.
}
: per gross
= per ton
0 6 3
1 0 10
75 per cent.
+75 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
= per gross 0 6 3
+75 per cent.
}
per gross
06 3
+75 per cent.
* White clay pipes with india-rubber bands at the tip, and coloured clay pipes, are not the articles known and commercially
recognized as "common" or "white clay " pipes; but are provided for in the clause "on meerschaum, wood, porcelain, lava, and
all other tobacco-smoking pipes, &c."
248
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Pipes, steam, gas, and water, cast iron
Pistols
Pitch
white clay, with india-rubber
bands at tips, or otherwise
advanced beyond the common
white clay
burgundy -
Plaids, as cotton denims, jeans, &c.
Plaits, &c., for making and ornamenting
bonnets, hats, &c.
Planes, part steel.
Plane irons (steel)
Plans
Planks of hemlock, sycamore, whitewood,
and basswood
PROVIDED that when lumber of any
sort is planed or finished, in addition
to the rates herein provided, there
shall be levied and paid for each
side so planed or finished 50 cts. per
1,000 ft., and if planed on one side
and tongued and grooved, $1 per
1,000 ft., and if planed on two sides
and tongued and grooved, $1.50 per
1,000 feet.
Planking, ship
Plantain grass or bark, as Manilla hemp
Plantains. See Damage on Fruit
Plants for Department of Agriculture
29
""
crude, for dyes or dyeing
for Botanic Garden
bulbous roots
and fruits, tropical and semi-tropi-
cal, for the purpose of propaga-
tion or cultivation
medicinal, crude, not otherwise
provided for -
""
not crude
trees, shrubs, not otherwise pro-
vided for, for fruit, shade, lawn,
ornamental purposes
tea
vanilla
{
£ S. d.
1 ct. per lb.
= per l
100 lbs.
06 3
$1.50 per gross and
75 per cent.
=
per gross 0 6 3 +75 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
$1 per 1,000 ft.
board measure
111
| | | | +
111
= per
1,000 ft.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
}
04 2
Free.
$25 per ton
10 per cent.
per ton
542
10 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
30 per cent.
1 1 1 1
30 per cent.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.

20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
249
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Plaques, compositions of porcelain and
tinsel or foil laid on metallic base or
plate, used in the manufacture of orna-
ments for the person
Plaster of Paris, calcined
**
casts of, specially im-
ported in good faith
for the use of any
society or institution
incorporated or esta-
blished for
philo-
sophical, educational,
scientific, or literary
purposes, or encou-
ragement of the fine
arts, and not intended
for sale
when ground-
unground
manufactures of
busts imported for the
use of any philosophical or literary society
or for the encouragement of the fine
arts, and not for sale
Plasters, as medicinal preparations
**
if patent or proprietary
part wool
Flated coach and harness furniture
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and 1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
epaulets, &c.
35 per cent.
metal, in sheets or other forms
35 per cent.
**
moulding-
35 per cent.
saddlery
35 per cent.
slides
35 per cent.
**
ware, all kinds
35 per cent.
Plate, paper
35 per cent.
silver
40 per cent.
Plates, engraved, of copper, steel, wood,
or any other material
fashion, engraved on steel or on
wood, coloured, plain
fashion (lithographic), as printed
matter
nail, iron
25 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
| |
| | | |
| | |
£ s.
d.
| | | |
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.

}
= per lb.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1 1 1 1
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
250
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
11%
d.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
0 0 11/
4
<< ∞
8
}
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
Plates, prepared for engravers, copper or
steel
""
suitable for sheathing ships, copper
same, not wholly of copper, nor
wholly or in part of iron, un-
galvanized
fish, wrought iron. See Note to
railroad chairs* page 257
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
-}
2 cts. per lb.
per lb.
per
100 lbs.
0
8
96
per ton
glass, or disks, unwrought, for
optical instruments
10 per cent.
landscape
40 per cent.
stereotype
25 per cent.
| | |
same, broken, dutiable as type
metal
25 per cent.
manufactures of
Platina, unmanufactured †
>>
""
vases or retorts, or parts thereof,
for chemical uses
Playing cards, costing not over 25 cts.
Free.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
1
per pack
25 cts. per pack
per pack
0 1 01
""
costing over 25 cts. per
pack-
35 cts. per pack
per pack
**
part steel
Pliers, iron
Plough planes
steel, so called, as steel in sheets,
as follows:-
valued at 7 cts. or less per lb.
valued at above 7 cts. and
not above 11 cts. per lb. -
valued at above 11 cts. per
lb.
Ploughs, part steel
iron
brought by immigrants for their
own use, having been used
previously
0 1 5/1/20
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
24 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 14
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 14
3 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
per lb.
0 0
12 +10 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Plugs and nipples, iron and steel, for guns
Plumbago or black lead -
45 per cent.
Free.
111
| | |
45 per cent.

*Thus a consignment of 50 tons would be liable to a duty of 4661. 138. 4d. in English currency.
"Platina unmanufactured extends to and comprehends platina imported either in ingots or in the form of sheets, or in the form
of wire or in any shape or form not constituting an article suitable for use without further manufacture."
251
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
Plumbago or black lead mixed with large
quantities of earth, slate, and
shaly substances
powdered
Plumes, ornamental feathers, manufactured
Plums, dried
**
green
Plush, hatters, cotton and silk, cotton
chief value
same, silk chief value
mohair or worsted, as follows :—
valued at not over 40 cts. per. Ib.
valued at over 40 cts. and not
over 60 cts.
valued at over 60 cts. and not
over 80 cts. -
20 per cent.
Free.
£
S.
d.
50 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 14
10 per cent.
11101
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
60 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
= per
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 10
+35 per cent.
0 1 3
= per lb.
per lb.
**
50 cts. per lb. and
woollen blankets, or "railway
rugs"-
35 per cent.
per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 1 8
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
+ 35 per cent.
+35 per cent.
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
woollen -
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
**
Pneumatic apparatus, according to ma-
terial.
Pocket books, of whatever material com-
posed, not otherwise provided for
Pocket knives
膨​膨
​blades for
Polishing powders
stones -
Polypodium, crude drug
Pomatum and pomades
Pomegranate peel
Pomegranates
Pongees, silk
1
Poplins, part wool, worsted or mohai r, as
dress goods, viz.:
valued at not over 20 cts.
per square yard -
valued higher
PROVIDED that on all goods
weighing 4 ozs. or over
per square yard the duty
shall be
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
60 per cent.
6 cts. per sq. yard
and 35 per cent.
8 cts. per sq. yard \
and 40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per sq.
yard
per sq.
yard
per lb.
003
} o
004
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
60 per cent.
+35 per cent.

+ 40 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
252
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S.
d.
oil of
Porcelain glass*
slates
""
""
ware, gilded, ornamented, or
decorated
plain white
Pork
Poplins, silk and cotton, silk chief value
Poppy heads, crude drug
seeds
60 per cent.
Free.
ct. per lb.
Free.
40 per cent.
= per lb.
| |
0001
1101 11
110
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
= per lb.
Portable desks, according to material.
Porter, in bottles
otherwise than in bottles
35 cts. per gall.
20 cts. per gall.
=
per gall.
per gall.
0001
01 51
O 0 10
Portmanteaus, wholly or partly of
leather
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Posts, rough hewn or sawed only
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
""
otherwise than rough hewn or
sawed
35 per cent.
Potash
20 per cent.
acetate of
>>
25 cts. per lb.
bicarbonate of
per lb.
per lb.
01 01
0 0
same as medicinal preparation
bichromate of
black salts of
11-01
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
= per
per lb.
0 0 2
0
0 03
4
chromate of
1 cts. per lb.
40 per cent.
4 cts. per lb.
Free.
1 ct. per lb.
calcined, as bicarbonate of soda
chlorate of
3 cts. per lb.
4 cts. per lb.
hydriodate, iodate, and iodide of-
hydrate of, as bicarbonate of soda
75 cts. per lb.
same, or pure caustic potash, as
medicinal preparations
muriate of
""
nitrate of, crude
same, refined and partially refined
permanganate of -
prussiate of, yellow
prussiate of, red
Potassium, bromide of, medicinal pre-
paration
Potatoes
1½ cts. per lb.
40 per cent.
Free.
1 ct. per lb.
2 cts. per lb.
= per
per lb.
per lb.
= per
per lb.
= per lb.
= per
per lb.
1
= per lb.
per lb.
0 0 1
002
0 3 1
0 0 02
0 0 0/1/20
0 0 1
0 0 21
0 0 5
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
10 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
= per lb.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
15 cts. per bus.
per bus.
0 0 7
* This comprehends all articles actually porcelain glass, whether the same be cut or otherwise.
253

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
per
Pots, cast iron
1 ct. per lb.
100 lbs.
per ton
Pottery ware.
See Earthenware
Poultry, dressed -
10 per cent.
1
1
06
3
6 31
7 0 0
10 per cent.
not prepared, but with feathers
plucked, and whether entrails
drawn or not -
10 per cent.
live
Pounce
prepared
Powder, blue, cobalt
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent,
brass
**
35 per cent.
bronze -
20 per cent.
>>
bleaching (chloride of lime)
Free.
curry
Free.
finishing
>>
gun, valued at not over 20 cts.
per lb. -
20 per cent.
| | | |
| | | | |
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
6 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
per lb.
003
20 per cent.
+ 20 per cent.
valued over 20 cts. per lb.
10 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 5 + 20 per cent.
>>
hair, skin, and tooth
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
ink
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
insect
**
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
**
polishing, all kinds
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
puffs, according to materials.
subtil, for the skin
Powdered acorns
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 14
Precious stones, such as diamonds, cut,
cameos, mosaics gems, pearls, rubies, &c.,
not set
10 per cent.
When set
25 per cent.
| 1
||
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
Imitation of above, composition of
glass or paste, not set
40 per cent.
When set
Precipitate, red
Preparations of anatomy
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
chemical, not
otherwise
provided for
20 per cent.
1
**
medicinal, not otherwise
provided for
medicinal, if patent
provided for
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
mercurial, not otherwise
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.

40 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
254
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English.
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Preparations, philosophical and scientific,
>>
specially imported in good
faith for the use of any
society or institution in-
corporated or established
for philosophical, educa-
tional, scientific, or literary
purposes, or encourage-
ment of the fine arts, and
not intended for sale
spirits chief value. Duty
not less than upon dis-
tilled spirits.
Prepared clay, for paper makers' use, and
resembling kaolin
same, of different colours, re-
sembling and used for same
purposes as French chalk
meats, vegetables, fish, poultry,
and game, sealed or unsealed,
in cans or otherwise -
Presents* of works of art to national
institutions or any state, county, or city
Preserved fruits or sweetmeats, as com-
>>
fits -
ginger
milk
Preserves, glass bottles or jars filled with
Contents of same rated separately.
Pressing boards, as manufactures of wood
not otherwise provided for
Printed matter, all, not otherwise provided
99
for
paper ornaments for trunks
Printing ink
""
Free.
$5 per ton
per ton
1 0 10
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
picture cards, as engravings
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
paper, unsized, used for books
and newspapers ex-
clusively
20 per cent.
99
sized and glued, suitable
only for this purpose
25 per cent.
| | | | |
| | | |
11
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
* " Articles imported as presents, other than such as are exempted by law from duty, are liable to duty.”
3
255

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ S. d.
Proprietary medicines.
Printing types
>>
25 per cent.
old, and fit only to be re-
manufactured
Free.
25 per cent.
Prints, as engravings
Prisms
Professional books, implements, &c. of
persons arriving in the United States
Protractors, ivory
40 per cent.
Free.
111
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
Prune wine, so styled, for fining liquors
20 per cent.
Prunes
Prunella, as lastings.
Prussian blue, dry or moist
1 ct. per lb.
per lb.
00012
11110
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
Prussiate of potash, red -
yellow
**
copper
Pulp, dried
Pulley blocks, wood
pattern, iron, if to be used exclu-
sively as a model to mould from
Pulleys, brass or iron
rag, in sheets or boards
for manufacture of paper
of wood, dried in sheets
Pulu, vegetable substance for beds.
Pulverised wool waste, flocks or shoddy -
Pumice and pumice stones
Pumpkins
Pumps, stomach, according to material.
all other, according to material.
Punches, shoe or other, part steel
Purple tin liquor
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
12 cts. per lb.
Free.
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
10 cts. per lb.
5 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
per lb.
= per lb.
005
0 0 21/
30 per cent.
=
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
11
per lb.
006
Purses, according to material.
Putty
knives
Pyrites or sulphuret of iron
20 per cent.
11
14 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 03
45 per cent.
| 1
| |
| | | | | | | 1011
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
Q.
Quadrant frames, brass -
Quadrants, brass
other (according to material).
Quality binding, manufacture of worsted
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
| |
S50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
}
per ll.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
256
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Quassia wood
Queensware (earthenware)
Quickgrass root
Quicksilver
Quilla bark
Quill tooth picks -
Quills, prepared or unprepared
Quiltings, or bed quilts, of cotton
Quinine, sulphate of
other salts of
99
amorphous
Quoits, or curling stones
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Free.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
43
S.
d.

40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
R.
Rabbits, living
Rafts of logs
20 per cent.
Free.
Rag pulp, in sheets or boards, as manu-
factures of paper
35 per cent.
Rag stones
10 per cent.
Rags, cotton, linen, jute, and hemp, and
paper waste, or waste or clip-
pings of any kind, including
| |
| |
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
*
waste rope and waste bagging,
fit only for the manufacture of
paper
other than wool, paper stock, crude,
of every description, including all
grasses, fibres, waste, shavings,
clippings, old paper, rope ends,
waste rope, waste bagging, gunny
bags and gunny cloth, old or
refuse, to be used in making and
fit only to be converted into
paper, and unfit for any other
manufacture, and cotton waste,
whether for paper stock or other
purposes
Free.
Free.
Forty per cent. of woollen rags, in bundles of rags for the manufacture of paper, is too large a proportion to be admitted
free of duty. The importer should, where no evidence of fraud appears, be made to separate the free from the dutiable rags on
entry."

257
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Rags, woollen*
other than as above
>>
Railroad chairs, wrought iron† -
>>
bars, of iron
12 cts. per lb.
per
100lbs. J
210 0
10 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
70 cts. per 100 lbs.
per
100 lbs.
= per ton
= per l
41
084
9 68
0 2 11
10 per cent.
100 lbs.
bars, of steel
14 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
0 5 2 21
**
>>
part steel
1 ct. per lb.
per
04 2
100 lbs.
cars, American built, repairs to,
in a foreign country
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
iron, for repairs, subject to
regulations -
ties, wood
Railway carriages, built in Canada and
brought to the United States to be used
only in the through business between Can-
ada and the United States internationally
signals, if iron the chief com-
ponent part
Raisins
Free.
35 per cent.
rugs, or plush woollen blankets 50 cts. per lb. and
Rakes, iron or wood.
35 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
part steel
Rape seed
Rapiers
99
blades of
Ras cornu cervi
Raspberry oil, or essence of
vinegar, as raspberry or fruit
juice
Rasps, not over 10 in. long
over 10 in. long -
Ratafia
50 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
0 2 1
+ 35 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 14
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
2
ct. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 01
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
$2.50 per lb.
= per lb.
0 10 5
25 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
6 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
= per lb.
= per lb. 003
0 0 5
25 per cent.
+30 per cent.
03 +30 per cent.
$2 per proof gall.
s
= per
pf.gall. J
* A package weighing (say) 10 cwt. would therefore be liable to a duty of 287. in English currency.
↑ "Wrought iron fish plates, fish joints or splice bars should be classified by assimilation, by virtue of section 20, Act of
July 30, 1842, as wrought iron railroad chairs at 2 cents per lb.; all spikes and bolts for like use, at two and one-half cents
per lb."
R
36247.

258
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Rattans, wholly or partially manufactured
if unmanufactured
Rattles, children's, silver or other, as toys
Ravens-duck :-
valued at not over 30 cts. per
square yard
25 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
valued at over 30 cts. per square
yard
40 per cent.
Raw or unmanufactured articles, not
otherwise provided for
10 per cent.
Razor cases, leather or paper
straps, wood and leather
Razors, as cutlery
Ready-made clothing (according to
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
22
Reaping hooks
material).
not otherwise
provided for
(excepting linen
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
Upon declared
Value.
£
tities.
A.
S.
× | | | | | | | | |
111
1
| | | |
d.
B.
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
||
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
1 1 1 1 1
20 per cent.
per cent
per
cent.
Reaping machines, according to material
Red beets, essence of, so called, as dis-
""
tilled spirits
chromate of potash -
or crude tartar, or wine lees
sanders or saunders wood
32
wood
""
,, lead, dry or ground in oil
precipitate
Reeds and rattans, unmanufactured
"
""
weavers'
wholly or partially manufactured
for umbrellas, canes, &c. in the
rough, or cut into suitable lengths
Reflectors, according to material
Refrigerators, according to material
Regalia,* where specially imported in good
faith, for the use of any society
incorporated or established for
philosophical, literary, or reli-
gious purposes, or for the
encouragement of the fine arts,
or for the use or by the order
of any college, academy, school,
or seminary of learning
}
} 0 8 4
$2 per proof gall. {=per proof
gall.
= per lb.
0 0 1/1/20
3 cts. per lb.
Free.
Free.
Free.
3 cts. per lb.
20 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
= per lb.
0 0 11
1
35
25
* By the term "Regalia," however, the American custom authorities usually imply vestments for priests.

259
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
10 per cent.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
२
A.
S. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
10 per cent.
Regulus of antimony
Re-importations. Dutiable merchandise
is liable to duty on each re-
importation.
27
of exported United States pro-
ducts, identity being proved,
may be made under regula-
tions
If internal tax upon such article
has not been paid, or same
has been refunded, a duty
equal to such tax must be
paid on re-importation.
Reindeer tongues
Religious societies, books, maps, and
charts (not more than two
copies in any one invoice)
regalia, gems, statues, and
specimens of sculpture,
specially imported for the
use of
societies, philosophical appa-
ratus and instruments, spe-
cially imported in good
faith, for the use of any
society incorporated or
established for religious
purposes
Rennets, raw or prepared
Repairs on vessels
دو
to railway cars in foreign countries
Repoussé work-artistic
Reps, embroidered, same as on manu-
factures of worsted, viz.:-
valued at not over 40 cts. per lb.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
15 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
W
1
| | | | |
20 per cent.
15 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
>>
at over 40 cts. and not over
60 cts, per lb.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
""
at over 60 cts. and not over
80 cts. per lb.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
at over 80 cts. per lb.
plain and fancy, partly of worsted, as
above.
silk, or silk chief value
natural silk and cotton
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
per lb.
per lb. 0 2 1
0 1 3 + 35 per cent.
0 1 8 + 35 per cent.
+35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
||
69 per cent.
50 per cent.
R 2
260
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.

Residuum of petroleum, or kerosene oil, if
over 20° Beaumé
not over 20° Beaumé
Resins, crude, not otherwise provided
for
gum, all, not otherwise provided
for
Resin or rosin
20 cts. per gall.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
=
per gall. 0
£ s. d.
0 10
20 per cent.
""
jalap
""
nux vomica
of scammony
Retorts, gas (earthenware)
or vases of platinum for chemi-
cal uses, or parts of
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
Rhubarb
Free.
Free.
Ribbons, cotton velvet
35 per cent.
silk
60 per cent.
part silk
50 per cent.
| | | | | |
| | | | |
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
""
wire, of strands of iron wire
covered with cotton
and
united by a cotton web
"Bozeaux" silk with cotton
35 per cent.
edge, and cord edge, or round
edge
50 per cent.
"Faille," silk
60 per cent.
velvet, of silk and cotton, silk
chief value
60 per cent.
silk velvet, with cotton corded
edge
50 per cent.
1
1
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
11
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
Ribs for umbrellas, &c., wholly or chiefly
of metal
Rice, cleaned
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
21 cts. per lb.
Rifles
uncleaned
"Rimmel's Extract" alcoholic per-
{
2 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
$3 per gall. and
per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 11
0 0 1
35 per cent.
= per gall.
0 12 6 + 50 per cent.
fumery -
Ringlets, hair -
human hair
Rings, as jewellery
23
plated, for saddlery
other (according to material).
Rivets, wrought iron
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
21 cts. per lb.
{
>>
other (according to material).
per
100 lbs.
= per ton
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 10 5
11 13 4 f

261
Duty charged in English
Currency.
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Rivet making machinery (according to
£ 8.
d.
material).
Road engines (according to material).
Robes, buffalo, dressed
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
other, according to material.
Robe patterns, according to component
materials.*
"Robinson's patent groats"
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Rochelle salts
5 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 21
Rockingham earthenware
Rock moss, crude
40 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
oils, crude
>>
oils, refined
20 cts. per gall.
40 cts. per gall.
salt
8 cts. per 100 lbs.
Rods, iron wire, in coils, as rolled or
hammered iront
11 ct. per lb.
= per gall.
= per gall.
per
100 lbs.
per
100 lbs.
= per ton
0 0 10
018
0
04
4
0 5 21
21
5 16
8
8 J
iron, slit -
1 ct. per lb.
and eyes for stairs, of brass or iron
35 per cent.
""
other (according to material).
copper chief value
45 per cent.
1
""
composition,
copper not chief
value
35 per cent.
steel
steel, in coil, valued at 7 cts. or less
per lb.
45 per cent.
per
100 lbs.
per ton
0631
7 0 0 of
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
21 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0011
same, valued at 7 cts. and not above
11 cts. per lb.
same, valued at above 11 cts. per
Roller cloths, for paper machines, as
worsted fabrics, viz.:—
3 cts. per lb.
3 cts. per Ib. and
10 per cent.
S 34
per lb.
0
0
11
lb.
{
}
per lb.
0
0
12 + 10 per cent.
valued at not over 40 cts.
per
lb.
{
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
*As to "Coburg robes aquille," composed of worsted with a narrow strip of cotton velvet loosely attached by a thread, and
imported in pieces of proper size for ladies' dresses, the department held "that the two fabrics thus loosely attached ought not,
"with a view to the assessment of duty, to be regarded as a single article, but that each of the component fabrics should bear its
proper duty according to its classification in the tariff."
16
† Round iron in coils and not over inch diameter, whether coated with metal or not, and wire in whole or part of iron, not
otherwise specified and provided for, shall pay the same duty as iron wire, bright, coppered, or tinned.

262
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Rollers of wood
Roman cement
at over 80 cts. per lb.
Roller cloths, &c.-continued.
valued at over 40 cts. and not 30 cts. per lb. and
over 60 cts.
>>
at over 60 cts. and not
over 80 cts.
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
= per lb.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
4 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
002
Free.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
| | || |
| | | || | |
£
S. d.
= per lb.
0 1 3
per lb.
+ 35 per cent.
0 1 8 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
vitriol
Roncou, rocou, annatto, or Orleans
Roofing and patent asphalted felt
slates
99
tiles
tin, being tin plates with ends
turned down and fastened
together for use in roofing.
Root or roots :-
Aconite, alkanet, angelica, bella-
donna, china, cinchona, colombo,
contrayerva, elecampane, galanga,
gentian, ginger, ginseng, helle-
bore, hop for cultivation, iris or
orris, liquorice, madder, pellitory,
quick grass, sassafras
beet, waste, for manufacture of paper
,, bulbous
""
chickory, ground or unground
prepared
dandelion, as coffee substitutes
flour
medicinal, crude, not otherwise pro-
vided
medicinal, not crude
for Department of Agriculture
Rope, bale, of hemp
"
hide
of cocoa nut hulls, coir, grass, or
bark, as cordage untarred
wire, pays the rate of duty levied
on the wire of which it is made.
waste, fit only for making paper.
"Rosalic acid," so styled, not an acid,
but an unenumerated manufacture
Free.
Free.
30 per cent.
111
30 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
= per lb.
5 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0
0 0 01
0 21
3 cts. per lb.
Free.
per lb.
0 0 11
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
| |
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
3 cts. per lb.
Free.
20 per cent.
per lb.
1
0013
1
20 per cent.

263
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Rosaries, as beads
Rose leaves
Rose pink
Rosewater, as toilet articles
Rosewood
manufactures of
Rosin
Rosolio, a cordial
Rotten stone
50 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
$2 per proof gall.
Free.
£ s. d.
50 per cent.
25 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
per proof
gall.
}0
0 8 4
Rouge for the toilet
Rubber jewellery, imitation of jet
Rubies, set
not set -
Rubrum bark, acer
Rugs, cotton, for bed coverings
horse, of linen
梦梦
​railway, so styled, or woollen plush
blankets -
railway, so styled, other, according to
material.
travelling, wholly or in part of wool-
other (portions of carpeting), as
carpets.
Rules, bone or ivory
same, with brass mountings
brass
copper chief value
{
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
+
0 2 1 35 per cent.
per lb. 0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
gutta-percha
40 per cent.
silver, or German silver
40 per cent.
wood
35 per cent.
wood and brass, brass chief value
35 per cent.
$2 per proof gall.
= per
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Rum
"
essence, or oil of
bay or bay water, of which distilled
spirits are the component of chief
value
bay, essence or oil of
50 cts. per oz.
$2 per proof gall.
pf.gall. f
per oz.
per l
pf.gall. J
50 cts. per oz.
= per oz.
0
8 4
0 2 1
084
0 2 1
| | | |

264
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Rum, bay or bay water, whether distilled
or compounded, if distilled spirits
not the component of chief value,
of first proof
1.
£
S. d.
$1 per gall.
= per gall.
042
In proportion for any greater
strength than first proof.
cherry-, a cordial
$2 per proof gall.
per
0 8 4
pf. gall.
chiefly of metal
Runners, for umbrellas, &c., wholly or
Russia hemp, unmanufactured
sheeting -
Rust on iron and steel*.
Rye (56 lbs. to bush.)
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
$25 per ton
= per ton
5 4 2
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
flour
39
shorts
32
10 per cent.
15 cts. per bush.
10 per cent.
per bush.
0 0 7
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
S.
Sabre blades
Sabres (swords) ·
Sacking, linen:-
valued at not over 30 cts. per sq.
yard
valued at over 30 cts. per sq. yard
Sacks, containing merchandise subject
to an ad valorem duty, to pay the same
rate of duty as their contents, provided
the latter are usually imported in such
sacks.
Saddlery, coach and harness furniture,
and hardware of all kinds
Saddle hooks, German silver, silver, or
other metal, as saddlery
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
||
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
trees, iron chief value
wood chief value
Saddles
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Sadirons, cast iron
Safes, fireproof
* No allowance can be made for damage from rust, except in the case of polished Russian sheet iron.
11ct. per lb.
per
100lbs.
06 3
35 per cent.
35 per cent.

265
Rate of Duty
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upen Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Safety lamps, according to material.
Safflower
Free.
extract
Free.
>>
Saffron
Sago, crude
and sago flour
Free.
cake
Free.
Free.
Free.
Salad oil, all, whether in flasks or bottles,
or not
$1 per gall.
= per gall.
0 4 2
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Sail needles
Sails, canvas and duck for*
Sal acetosella, chem. salt
Salacine, medicinal preparation
Sal ammoniac
Sal diuretic
Sal soda
Salep or saloup
Saleratus
Salmon, dried or smoked
pickled-
**
preserved
prepared
Salt in bulkf
in bags, sacks, barrels or other pack-
ages
,, jars of brown earthenware containing,
are dutiable as such
""
rock
**
sacking, of twilled jute, dutiable as
bagging -
Salted hides and skins
skivers, roans or pelts
Saltpetre, crude
refined and partially refined
Free.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
ct. per lb.
Free.
11 cts. per lb.
ct. per lb.
$3 per barrel.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
8 cts. per 100 lbs.
12 cts. per 100 lbs.
= per
100lbs.
per lb.
= per lb.
per brl.
= per
100lbs.
per 1
100 lbs. J
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
0 1 012
0002
0 12 6
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
004
}
006
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
8 cts. per 100 lbs.
= per
100lbs.
004
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
1 ct. per lb.
2 cts. per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 0
0 0
11100
40 per cent.
1
1111
*The usual width of sail duck is 24 inches. A manuracture of flax 33 inches wide is not the article recognised as sail duck,
nor the article intended for vessels' sails; being much too wide for strength; but subject to duty as a manufacture of flax, &c.
As to duty on sails imported for the equipment of a vessel, see note to ships' equipments p. 276.
† Salt for curing fish, used by vessels licensed to engage in the fisheries.

266
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
%
£ s.
d.
""
Salts, black (of potash)
brown
Epsom
Glauber
of iodine
of morphia
Free.
20 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
ct. per lb.
15 per cent.
$1 per oz.
20 per cent.
|| ||
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 0
0 0 01
15 per cent.
= per oz.
04 2
of tin
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
Rochelle
""
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 21
""
and preparations of salts, not other-
wise provided for
same, unspecified, if medicinal pre-
parations
Salves, patent medicines
Samples of goods having no intrinsic.
value as merchandise and which cannot
be so used
Sand
50 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
French
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
magnetic iron
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Sandal-wood
Free.
>>
manufactures of, not other-
Sandarac, gum
Sandstone for building
wise provided for
used for sinking cribs for piers.
Sanitary apparatus (according
35 per cent.
Free.
$1 per ton
10 per cent.
per ton
0 6 3
1101
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
to
material).
Santonine
Sarcocolla gum
$3 per lb.
Free.
per lb.
0 12 6
1
Sarcophagus, red granite
20 per cent.
Sardels, small fish, eviscerated and put up
in brine in kegs, as sardines
60 per cent.
1
1
20 per cent.
60 per
cent.
Sardines, preserved in oil or otherwise
as Anchovies similarly prepared. See
page 82.
Sarsaparilla
Sash cord, hemp -
fastenings, copper chief value
""
iron or brass
Sassafras, bark and root
Free.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
"
Satin white
wood
""
**
oil of, essential
manufactures of, not otherwise
provided for
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
Free.
per lb.
0 0 11/
35 per cent.
1
35 per
per cent.

267
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Satins for buttons if of the same character
as silk twist for buttons
Saucepans, copper
iron, cast
glazed or tinned
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
14 cts. per lb.
(not cast) or tin
Sauces, all kinds, except catsup, not
otherwise provided for
Sauerkraut
Sausages
>>
bologna
skins
Sawdust, mahogany, imported solely for
dyeing or tanning
Sawn logs
Saws, back, all, not over 10 inches in
length
back, over 10 inches in length
circular
cross-cut
**
>>
hand, all, not over 24 inches in
length
**
hand, over 24 inches in length
mill, pit, and drag, not over
9 inches wide
mill, pit, and drag, over 9 inches wide.
Sawing machinery (according to ma-
terial).
Scaglioli table tops
Scales and scale beams (according to
material).
Scammony, or resin of
Scarfs, silk
manufactured several in a piece,
but separated before importa-
tion, as wearing apparel.
Schools, books, maps, and charts (not
more than two copies in any
one invoice), specimens of
sculpture, regalia, and gems,
and statues and specimens of
34 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
75 cts. per doz. and
30 per cent.
$1 per
doz. and
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
10 cts. per
lineal foot
75 cts. per doz. and
30 per cent.
$1 per doz. and
30 per cent.
12 cts. per lineal
foot
20 cts. per lineal
foot
35 per cent.
Free.
60 per cent.
£
s. d.
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
= per lb.
per lb.
0003
0 0 12
35 per cent.
[ ! ] ] ]
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
per doz.
03 130 per
cen
=per doz.
0 4 2 +30 per cent.
= perl
lin. foot
45 per cent.
0 0 5
=per doz.
=per doz.
per
lin.foot
= per
lin. foot
l
0 3 1 +30 per cent.
0 4 2 +30 per cent.
0 0 61
0 0 10
1
11
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
268
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
11
||
Schools-continued.
sculpture, specially imported
in good faith, for the use or
by the order of, or of any col-
lege, academy, or seminary of
learning
philosophical and scientific appa-
ratus, instruments, and pre-
parations, statuary, casts of
marble, bronze, alabaster, or
plaster of Paris, paintings,
drawings, and etchings, spe-
cially imported for the use of,
or of any institution or society
incorporated or established
for philosophical, educational,
scientific, or literary purposes,
or encouragement of the fine
arts, and not for sale -
Scientific apparatus and instruments
apparatus, specially imported in
good faith for the use of any
society or institution incor-
porated or established for phi-
losophical, educational, scien-
tific, or literary purposes, or
encouragement of the fine arts,
and not intended for sale
societies or institutions, all
philosophical and scientific
apparatus, instruments, and
preparations, statuary, casts of
marble, bronze, alabaster, or
plaster of Paris, paintings,
drawings, and etchings spe-
cially imported in good faith
for the use of, and not in-
tended for sale
Scilla or squills
Scissors, as cutlery
>>
garden, as cutlery
Scoop nets, cotton
flax
>>
>>
Scotch bagging, double warp, of jute, not
fit for use in bagging cotton
Free.

Free.
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
I
1
40 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.

269
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
{
Scotch, woollen caps
Scrapers, part steel
Scrap iron, wrought
**
99
cast
lead, fit only for re-manufacture
leather, new, pieces of new leather
(refuse splits), intended
for the manufacture of
sole leather, dutiable as
sole leather
old
**
£ 8.
d.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
= per lb.
021
+ 40 per cent.
45 per cent.
1
45 per cent.
$8 per ton
= per ton
1 13 4
$6 per ton
= per ton
1½cts. per lb.
per lb.
1 5 0
0003
H
15 per cent.
Free.
steel
Scraps or clippings of Dutch metal, made.
of brass, as manufactures of
brass
same, made of copper, as manufac-
tures of copper
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
>>
of silk, fit for use in making neck-
ties, bows, buttons, &c. -
60 per cent.
Screens (portions of carpeting), as car-
peting of like character or de-
scription.
fire, all kinds
Screws, iron (commonly called wood
screws) :-
35 per cent.
1
15 per cent.
30 per cent.
2 inches or over in length
8 cts. per lb.
less than 2 inches in length-
11 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lb.
= per
100 lb.
1 13 4
2 5 10
bed, iron
21 cts. per lb.
= per
0 10 5
100 lb. J
brass
35 per cent.
iron or other metal, except as
above -
wooden
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
11
=
Sculpture, specimens of, specially im-
ported in good faith for the use or by
the order of any academy, college, school,
or seminary of learning, or for the use
of
any society incorporated or established
for philosophical, literary, or religious
purposes, or for the encouragement of
the fine arts
Free.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1

270
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
Scythes -
Sealing wax
Sea-stores of vessels. See note below.*
Seal oil
from Canada
skin mohair coating, cotton, worsted,
and mohair, as worsted fabrics,
viz. :
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
11
£
S. d.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
valued at not over 40 cts. per lb.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}}
F per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
* In order to ascertain what articles ought to be exempt from duty as the sea-stores of a vessel, the master shall particularly
specify the articles in the report or manifest to be by him made, designating them as the sea-stores of such vessel; and in the
oath to be taken by such master, on making such report, he shall declare that the articles so specified as sea-stores are truly such,
and are not intended by way of merchandise or for sale; whereupon the articles shall be free from duty.
Whenever it appears to the collector to whom a report and manifest of sea-stores are delivered, together with the naval
officer, where there is one, or alone, where there is no naval officer, that the quantities of the articles, or any part thereof, reported
as sea-stores, are excessive, the collector, jointly with the naval officer, or alone, as the case may be, may in his discretion estimate
the amount of the duty on such excess; which shall be forthwith paid by the master, to the collector, on pain of forfeiting the
value of such excess.
If any other or greater quantity of articles are found on board such vessel as sea-stores than are specified in an entry of sea-
stores, or if any of the articles are landed without a permit first obtained from the collector and naval officer, if any, for that
purpose, all such articles as are not included in the report or manifest by the master, and all which are landed without a permit,
shall be forfeited, and may be seized; and the master shall moreover be liable to a penalty of treble the value of the articles
omitted or landed.
The master of any vessel propelled by steam, arriving at any port in the United States, may retain all the coal such vessel
may have on board at the time of her arrival, and may proceed with such coal to a foreign port, without being required to land
the same in the United States, or to pay any duty thereon.
as
If any vessel enrolled or licensed to engage in the foreign and coasting trade on the northern, north eastern, and north-western
frontiers of the United States shall touch at any port in the adjacent British provinces, and the master of such vessel shall pur-
chase any merchandise for the use of the vessel, the master of the vessel shall report the same, with cost and quantity thereof, to
the collector or other officer of the customs at the first port in the United States at which he shall next arrive, designating them
sea-stores;" and in the oath to be taken by such master of such vessel, on making such report, he shall declare that the
articles so specified or designated "sea-stores" are truly intended for the use exclusively of the vessel, and are not intended for
sale, transfer, or private use. If any other or greater quantity of dutiable articles shall be found on board such vessel than are
specified in such report or entry of such articles, or any part thereof shall be landed without a permit from a collector or other
officer of the customs, such articles, together with the vessel, her apparel, tackle, and furniture, shall be forfeited.
If, upon examination and inspection by the collector or other officer of the customs, such articles are not deemed excessive in
quantity for the use of the vessel, until an American port may be reached by such vessel, where such sea-stores can be obtained,
such articles shall be declared free of duty; but if it shall be found that the quantity or quantities of such articles, or any part
thereof so reported, are excessive, it shall be lawful for the collector or other officer of the customs to estimate the amount of duty
on such excess, which shall be forthwith paid by the master of the vessel, on penalty of paying a sum of not less than one hundred
dollars, nor more than four times the value of such excess, or such master shall be punishable by imprisonment for not less than
three months, and not more than two years.
Articles purchased for the use of or for sale on board any vessel, as saloon stores or supplies, shall be deemed merchandise, and
shall be liable, when purchased at a foreign port, to entry and the payment of the duties found to be due thereon, at the first port
of arrival of such vessel in the United States; and for a failure on the part of the saloon-keeper or person purchasing or owning
such articles to report, make entries, and pay duties, as herein-before required, such articles, together with the fixtures and other
merchandise found in such saloon, or on or about such vessel, belonging to and owned by such saloon-keeper or other person
interested in such saloon, shall be seized and forfeited, and such saloon-keeper or other person so purchasing and owning shall be
liable to a penalty of not less than one hundred dollars and not more than five hundred, and shall be punishable by imprisonment
for not less than three months and not more than two years.

271
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Seal skin, &c.-continued.
valued at over 40 cts. and not 30 cts. per lb. and
over 60 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 1 3
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
+ 35 per cent.
valued at over 60 cts. and not
40 cts. per lb. and
>>
over 80 cts. per
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
skins, dressed
lb.
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 1
8 +35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1
20 per cent.
1
+35
+ 35 per cent.
20 per cent.
Seating, hair, 18 in. wide or over
40 cts. per sq. yard.
per
018
sq. yd.
less than 18 in. wide
**
""
30 cts. per sq. yard.
per
013
1
1
Seaweed, not otherwise provided for
used for beds and mattresses
Seed cane, for Department of Agriculture
lac -
Seeds, viz. :-
For agricultural purposes, not other-
wise provided for
All, not otherwise provided for
Annatto, anise and star anise, canary,
caraway, cardamon, chia, conium
cicuta or hemlock, coriander, cum-
min, fennel, fenugreek, of forest
trees, mustard, brown and white,
sesamum, sugar cane, and other
seeds not otherwise provided
for
Castor * or castor beans (50 lbs. to
bushel)
Celery
Cotton, for planting
Flax or linseed (56 lbs. to bushel)
PROVIDED, That no drawback shall
be allowed on oil cake made from
imported seed.
Garden, flower, and all other, for
horticultural and agricultural pur-
poses, not otherwise provided for
Hemp
For horticultural purposes, not other-
wise provided for -
Jute -
sq. yd.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
| | | |
| |
Free.
1
60 cts. per bush.
per bush.
0 2 6
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 cts. per bush.
= per bush. 0 0 10
1
||
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
De 20 per cent.
ct. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 0
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
wach 20 per cent.
20 per cent.
* An allowance can be made for weight of the pod as tare."

272
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
Seeds-continued.
For manufacturing purposes, not other-
wise provided for
Medicinal, crude, not otherwise pro-
vided for
Same, not crude
Oil, of like character to hempseed
and rapeseed, except linseed or flax-
seed
Parsley
Poppy, as oil seeds
Rape
Sugar-beet
Seersucker cloth, silk and cotton, silk
chief value
Segars, cigarettes, and cheroots *
Also internal revenue tax as follows:-
Segars and cheroots
Cigarettes weighing not over 3 lbs.
per 1,000 -
Cigarettes weighing over 3 lbs. per
1,000
PROVIDED, That cigars shall be
packed in boxes, not before
used for that purpose, contain-
ing respectively, 25, 50, 100,
250, or 500 cigars each
PROVIDED FURTHER, That no
cigars shall be imported unless
the same are packed in boxes
of not more than 500 in each
box, and no entry of any im-
ported cigars shall be allowed
of less quantity than 3,000 in a
single package.
PROVIDED FURTHER, That all
cigars on importation shall be
placed in public store or bonded
warehouse, and shall not be re-
moved therefrom until they shall
have been inspected, and a stamp
affixed to each box indicating
such inspections with the date
thereof.
£ S. d.
Free.
1
Free.
20 per cent.
ct. per lb.
= per lb.
。 11
0001
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
|| ||
per lb.
per lb.
0 0 01
0001
ct. per lb.
ct. per lb.
Free.
60 per cent.
$250 per lb. and
25 per cent.
$6 per 1,000
$1.75 per 1,000
$6 per 1,000
}
= per lb.
=
60 per cent.
=
0 10 5 + 25 per cent.
per 1,000 1 5 0
per 1,000 0 7 31
=per 1,000 150
* "No tare allowed for the mouth pieces of Russian cigarettes.”
17273

dants-ikaseges
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
0 0 31
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Seines*
Seneca root
Senegal, gum
Senna, in leaves
Sepia or cuttle fish bone -
Serges, mohair or worsted, as worsted
fabrics, viz. :-
valued at not over 40 cts. per lb.
61 cts. per lb.
per lb.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
at over 40 cts. and not
over 60 cts. per lb.
梦梦
​**
**
valued at over 60 cts. and not
**
over 80 cts. per
lb.
at over 80 cts. per lb.
silk, with a slight admixture of
cotton, dutiable as "piece silks”
other (according to material).
Sesame, or sesamum seed
oil of
**
Sewing needles -
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
Free.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
per lb.
0 1 3 + 35 per cent.
0 1 8 +35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
**
**
Free.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
machines, all iron, except the
needle
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
iron, and 10 per cent.
of steel
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
needles
{
$1 per 1,000 and
35 per cent.
=per 1,000
04 2
+35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
glass and metal, only 5 per
cent. glass
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
silk, in the gum or purified
Sextants, brass -
Shaddocks. See Damage on Fruit
Shafts, cast steel
Shale, per ton of 28 bushels, 80 lbs. to the
bushel
illuminating oil, distilled from
Shark skins
Shawls, all (excepting linen, silk, and
wool), even when manufactured
several in a piece, but separated
before importation, dutiable as
wearing apparel.
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
| 11
75 cts. per ton
40 cts. per gall.
Free.
= per ton
per gall. 0
0 3 11
1
8
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
111

* An importation claimed to be a seine, but destitute of the usual weights, sinkers, and ropes necessary to constitute a com-
plete "seine" within the meaning of the law imposing duties on "seines," was adjudged to be liable to duty as a flax wine at 40
per cent.
36247.
S
274
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Shawls, camels' hair, cashmere or Indian
>>
攀​辔
​嗲嗲
​cotton
Shetland, worsted
wool, worsted, and silk, em-
broidered
worsted, alpaca, or goat hair
worsted lace
silk
woollen -
Shears, cloth
>>
hedge or garden
pruning, as cutlery
sheep
Sheathing metal, all copper
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1
1
+40 per cent.
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1
+40 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1
+40 per cent.
per lb.
0 2
1
+40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
= per lb.
0 2 1
+40 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1 +35
+35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
or yellow metal *
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 11
111110
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
old brass, fit only for re-manu-
facture
15 per cent.
15 per cent.
10 per cent.
paper
Sheep's casings, manufactured for sausage
casings -
Sheep, living
>>
skin boas, as wool clothing
skins, raw
or unmanufactured,
with the wool on (see
also Wools on the Skin)
with wool on, finished, fit
and intended for imme-
diate use as rugs, duti-
able as rugs
{
10 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
}
= per b. 0 2 1
20 per cent.
+40 per cent.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
with wool on, dressed, but
for other uses than as
mats or rugs
20 per cent.
hemp, brown and white
35 per cent.
Sheeting, Russia and other, of flax or
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.

* Yellow sheathing metal and yellow metal bolts, of which the component part of chief value is copper, shall be deemed
manufactures of copper, and shall pay the duty now prescribed by law for manufactures of copper, and shall be entitled to the
drawback allowed by law to copper and composition metal whenever the same shall be used in the construction or equipment or
repair of vessels built in the United States for the purpose of being employed in the foreign trade, including the trade between
the Atlantic and Pacific ports of the United States.
4.
275
ROMWE SINELYGONEW) ederzissmajoituregspès rapidevasses
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Sheet brass
copper
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
>>
iron, coated with tin by chemical
bath and sold by weight and size
common or black, not thinner
21 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0011
1
>>
than No. 20 wire gauge
common or black, thinner than
14 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 0
No. 20, but not thinner than
No. 25
1 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0003
**
common or black, thinner than
No. 25
13 cts. per lb.
per lb.
smooth or polished, all
3 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 07
0 0 1
2
lead
23 cts. per lb.
per
100lbs.
0 11
5
music
**
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Sheet rubber, coloured for dentists' use,
partially vulcanized, but requiring
further manufacture to fit it for use
rubber, rolled in sheets of uniform
width and thickness, partially
manufactured
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
21 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0
0
11
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0
0 11/2
{
3 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
= per lb.
0
0
1
12
+10
+10 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
Free.
| ||
30 per cent.
>>
rubber, Para sheets, advanced be-
yond crude, but not vulcanized in
any degree, or otherwise manu-
factured-
>>
steel, valued at 7 cts. or less per lb.
valued at above 7 and not
above 11 cts. per lb.
valued at above 11 cts. per lb.
Sheets, willow, for making bonnets, hats, &c.
Shellac, gum
Shellfish -
Shells, all kinds, unmanufactured, includ-
ing those only cleansed and
polished with acids

**
imported as merchandise, and that
have undergone any process of
manufacture by polishing or
cutting
ornamental and fancy, engraved,
carved, printed, &c., except
jewellery
thin clippings of, called snail
pearl, aurora pearl, &c., pre-
pared for use in inlaid work
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
I
1
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
S 2
276
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Shell baskets and boxes
35 per cent.
"2
gold
40 per cent.
43
£
S. d.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
manufactures of, not otherwise pro-
vided for
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
silver
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
>>
tortoise, and other unmanufactured
Free.
Shingle bolts
Free.
Shingles, all
35 cts. per 1,000
per 1,000 0 15
Ship planking
Free.
timber
Free.
knees, as ship timber
Free.
| | | | |
Ships' equipments and repairs. See note
below.*
4
* The equipments,† or any part thereof, including boats, purchased for, or the expenses of repairs made in a foreign country
upon a vessel enrolled and licensed under the laws of the United States to engage in the foreign and coasting trade on the
northern, north-eastern, and north-western frontiers of the United States, or a vessel intended to be employed in such trade,
shall, on the first arrival of such vessel in any port of the United States, be liable to entry and the payment of an ad-valorem
duty of fifty per centum on the cost thereof in such foreign country; and if the owner or master of such vessel shall wilfully and
knowingly neglect or fail to report, make entry, and pay duties as herein required, such vessel, with her tackle, apparel, and
furniture, shall be seized and forfeited.
If the owner or master of such vessel shall, however, furnish good and sufficient evidence that such vessel, while in the regular
course of her voyage, was compelled, by stress of weather or other casualty, to put into such foreign port and purchase such
equipments, or make such repairs, to secure the safety of the vessel to enable her to reach her port of destination, then it shall be
competent for the Secretary of the Treasury to remit or refund such duties, and such vessel shall not be liable to forfeiture, and
no license or enrolment and license, or renewal of either, shall hereafter be issued to any such vessel until the collector to whom
application is made for the same shall be satisfied, from the oath of the owner or master, that all such equipments and repairs
made within the year immediately preceding such application have been duly accounted for under the provisions of this and the
preceding sections, and the duties accruing thereon duly paid; and if such owner or master shall refuse to take such oath, or take
it falsely, the vessel shall be seized and forfeited.
† Grain bags of foreign production and manufacture, which, under Department's ruling of November 28, 1871 (not published
in Synopsis), are exempted from payment of duty as part of the equipment of the vessel, cannot be transferred from the vessel to
which they belong to another vessel, without being first entered and subjected to the payment of duty.
As to duty on equipments of vessels generally, the Treasury Regulations of 1857 ruled that," although no part of the proper
"equipment of a vessel arriving in the United States is liable to duty, such equipment is not to comprehend more than the usual
quantity of spare sails or other articles, and any redundancy becomes liable to duty, such as two sets of chains, for instance, where
one set constitutes a proper equipment of the vessel.
"If new sails or other articles procured abroad be claimed as a part of such equipment, it must be shown to the satisfaction of
"the collector that they are necessary, with those on board, to complete her proper equipment, and are intended in good faith for
"the exclusive use of the vessel, and to be retained for that use.
"If brought into the United States for the purpose of being sold, or transferred to another vessel, or any purpose other than the
use of the vessel bringing them, such sails or other articles procured abroad must be considered as merchandise, and subject
"either to the payment of duty or to seizure, as the facts may warrant.
Anchors, sails, and chains, imported to be used for the equipment of a vessel, are liable to duty; and in a case where anchors
"and chains were bonded on importation, entered for exportation, and placed on board the vessel as a part of her equipment,
"it was decided by the Department that the export entry was a manifest evasion of the law, and that legal duties should be
"collected."
Foreign chains imported to be left in the United States as mooring chains for a line of foreign steam-packets become liable, on
being landed, to duty as "manufactures of iron."
The free entry of a new rudder and steru-post imported to replace those lost by a vessel entering in distress was refused on the
ground that "there is no provision of law authorising such free entry."
Certain machinery of a vessel winter bound in the United States, exported for repair, was held to be dutiable on its return.

雜​許​。
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
277
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S. d.
**
Ships' pumps, imported for repair of im-
porting vessel
spyglasses or telescopes, any part
steel
spyglasses or telescopes, all others,
at the highest rates at which any
of their component parts are liable.
Shirt fronts, linen, embroidered
Shirting flannel, so-called, fulled-
Shirts, imitation merino*
bosoms for, not tamboured, linen -
cotton
Free.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
890dd
1
45 per cent.
{
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1
40 per cent.
95
35 per cent.
linen
**
40 per cent.
silk
وو
60 per cent.
>>
silk and cotton, silk chief value
woollen
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
+35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
cente
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1
+40 per cent.
**
woven or made on frames (except
linen and silk) -
Shoddy, other than wool
woollen -
Shoe binding, cotton
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
12 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 6
35 per cent.
linen
>>
40 per cent.
99
silk
60 per cent.
110111
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
cloths, duty the same as
on like
fabrics for other uses.
horns
>>
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
knives
**
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
lacets or lacings, of cotton
35 per cent.
99
>>
of silk and metal,
silk chief value-
60 per cent.
>>
patterns of bronzed leather, cut into
form for upper part of shoe, and
embroidered in silk
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent,

wadida
35 per cent.
pincers or pinchers, of case hardened
iron
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
11
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
thread
Shoes, arctic, so-called, of rubber and
99
wool, as wearing apparel
felt leather, part wool, as wearing
apparel ·
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
#
= per lb.
per lb.
0 2 1 +40 per cent.
0 2 1 +40 per cent.
boola bay to bar
Almowe depox
"Cotton shirts, merino finish; this article, it seems, is composed wholly of cotton, and by raising a nap and some further
application or process, a fine woolly surface and a close imitation of merino are produced."
- trsnogo
278
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Shoes, horse, iron
35 per cent.
part steel
45 per cent.
GC
india rubber, with or without
felted linings-
30 per cent.
1
{
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
>>
lasting or prunella
leather
nankeen or nankeen uppers
silk, silk being component of chief
value
wholly or partly of wool-
Shooks, not otherwise provided for
sugar box and packing cases, not
otherwise provided for
exported and returned to United
States as barrels or boxes,
either filled or empty, ad-
mitted under regulations
Shot bags and shot belts, leather, or part
{
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
leather
35 per cent.
cast-iron
30 per cent.
,,pouches, copper, or copper chief value
45 per cent.
Shovels, fire, iron
brass
29
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
part steel
45 per cent.
99
with tongs and pokers, same
as above.
labourers' iron, with or without
handles
steel, or part steel
Show bills, lithographic
Shrimps -
Shrubs, for Department of Agriculture or
United States Botanical Garden
not otherwise provided for
Shumac
Shutters (steel)
Shuttlecocks and battledores
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
if toys for
children -
50 per cent.
Sickles, iron
,
steel, or part steel
Side-arms, except swords
Sieves, hair, lawn, or wire, wood chief
component part -
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
1
| | | | | |
1 1 1 1 1
1
£
S.
d.
11
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
| | ~ |
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
1
| | | | | |
| | | | |
1
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.

45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
279
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S.
d.
2
ct. per lb.
per lb.
0
01
and india-rubber, manufactures of, or
Silesias, as cottons.
Silicates, alkaline, or of soda
Silk,* ærophanes, as silk veil goods.
**
**
all dress and piece
all manufactures of, or of which silk
shall be the component of chief
value, not otherwise provided for
all ready made clothing and wearing
apparel of, or of which silk shall
be a component material of chief
value, not otherwise provided for -
and cotton binding
and cotton hosiery, shirts and drawers,
silk chief value
of these and other materials
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
and mohair twist
50 per cent.
and wood dress ornaments, silk chief
value
60 per cent.
>>
aprons
60 per cent.
barbe noires of black silk lace, ready
**
for use, as silk clothing
bolting cloths
bonnets
boots, bootees, shoes, and slippers,
silk component of chief value
braids
button cloths
buttons, wholly or partly of (silk
chief value), and which contain no
wool, worsted, or goats' hair
caps
"Chamberg blanch "
60 per cent.
Free.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
10 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
chemisettes
60 per cent.
cocoons
Free.
cords
60 per cent.
crapes for veils
60 per cent.
same, if piece silks, or for dresses
60 per cent.
crepe de chene
60 per cent.
"Donna Maria" (for veils) -
60 per cent.
drawers
60 per cent.
111
111
1
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
10 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
8688 8888
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.

60 per cent.
* "Silk purified from the gum and dyed, and that can be used without further manufacture, for weaving and other purposes,
cannot fall within the provision for silk in the gum,' &c., but is to be embraced in the classification of manufactures of silk, or
of which silk is the component material of chief value, not otherwise provided for.””
280
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Silk floss*
fringes
,,galloons
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
99
gloves
60 per cent.
22
>>
patent, silk and cotton, silk
chief value, as silk clothing
60 per cent.
,,grenadines, dress goods
>>
**
for veils
handkerchiefs
hat bands (so known commercially,
but having one or two cotton
threads in the edge), as silk trim-
mings
hats
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
£ s.
|| || :
d.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
""
".
head nets, with gum elastic cords
hose
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
**
in the gum not more advanced than
singles, tram, and thrown or organ-
zine
,,Japanese silks or poplins, silk and
cotton, silk chief value
,, lace parasol covers.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
1
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
laces
60 per cent.
وو
laces, commercially known as "silk
laces "
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
,,
lace shawls or " points
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
lacets, silk and metal, silk chief value
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
mantillas
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
mitts
,,oil cloth
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
neckties
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
,,organzine, not in the gum
Vornaments for head dresses
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
99
or part silk ornaments for dresses
and outside ornaments, silk chief
value, and which contain no wool,
worsted, or goats' hair
,,pelerines
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
29
,plush, hatters', silk and cotton, cotton
chief value
25 per cent.
same, silk chief value
60 per cent.
is
* Floss-silk is
"thread of silk.
11
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
25 per cent.
60 per cent.

well k
well known
known to the trade as a fine loose article without twist," and does not embrace " a double and twisted
The latter is liable to 60 per centum duty.gradio puls
A
281
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan.
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ S. d.
Silk points, so called
99
**
pongees
quillings, with cotton edges -
raw, or as reeled from the cocoon,
not being doubled, twisted, or ad-
vanced in manufacture any way*
reps, natural silk and cotton
**
**
**
silk, or silk chief value
ribbons
>>
"Bozeaux," or cotton edge,
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
Free.
1
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
| | | |
888
or cord edge, or round edge
50 per cent.
"Faille
>>
梦
​60 per cent.
| |
velvet, of silk and cotton,
silk chief value
60 per cent.
梦梦
​**
with cotton corded
edge
50 per cent.
scarfs
60 per cent.
1
>>
scraps, or strips of, fit for use in
making neckties, bows, buttons,
&c.
60 per cent.
1
seersucker cloth, silk and cotton, silk
chief value
60 per cent.
1
1
**
serges, with slight admixture of cot-
(C
ton, dutiable as piece silks'
>>
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent. >>
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
梦梦
​sewing, in the gum, or purified
40 per cent.
shawls
**
60 per cent.
**
shirts ++
60 per cent.
single and tram
60 per cent.
spot nets
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60
100 per cent.
**
spun, for filling, in skeins or cops
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
""
stockings
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
suspenders -
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
梦梦
​tassels
99
"Taysaam, re-reeled "
>>
**
trimmings, silk chief value.
turbans
**
twist XAL
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
Free.

60 per cent.
60 per cent.
AVA
60 per cent.
99
,, exclusively for buttons
10 per cent.
giuriz
10 per cent.
>>
,, so called, used for tassels, fringes,
and like purposes
60 per cent.
veil goods
60 per cent.
,, veils 01
07
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
alaid gaigatë
* “ When re-reeled in a country other than that of production, is subject to duty." bastion 16 noitrag
282
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S.
d.
Silk velvets, or velvets of which silk is
the component of chief value
vestings*
#
vests
violin strings
waste
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
Free.
watch chains
60 per cent.
| | | | | |
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
guards, silk and cotton, silk
chief value-
60 per cent.
webbing
60 per cent.
yarn
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
Silkworm eggs
Free.
99
gut
Free.
Silver, argentine or albata, unmanufac-
tured
bullion
coins
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
embroideries in
epaulets, galloons, &c.
German, manufactures of, not
otherwise provided for
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
I
40 per cent.
99
leaf, package of 500 leaves.
{
= per l
0 3 1
package
""
29
دو
manufactures of, not otherwise
provided for
medals
nitrate of (med. prep.)
old and unfit for use without re-
manufacture, as bullion
ore
plated coach, harness and saddlery
furniture and hardware
plated metal
rattles, for children
sweepings of
watches, watch cases, and watch
chains
wire
Silvered wire
Similitudes. See note to manufactures
unenumerated.
Sinews e A
Singing birds
الله
75 cts. per
package
40 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
4
10 per cent.
Free.
| 1
111
1
111
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.

* Silk and cotton vestings so styled, but sold as a pure silk article, were found upon examination to contain a very small pro-
portion of cotton, and were properly classified under this provision as silk vestings, subject to a duty of 60 per cent. ad valorem.
283
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.

Sirup of sugar, and of sugar cane juice,
melado, concentrated melado, con-
centrated molasses, and tank bot-
toms
Sisal grass (as jute)
manufactures of, not otherwise pro-
vided for
Size, gold
patent
£ s. d.
1 cts. per lb.
$15 per ton
per lb.
per ton.
30 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
0 0 03
3 2 6
| | |
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
8 cts. per pair
per
1 13 4
100 pr.
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
25 per cent.
111
[1]
Free.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
Skates, at 20 cts. or less per pair
at over 20 cts. per pair
Skeletons, and other preparations of ana-
tomy
Skins, asses', raw, unmanufactured
**
>>
asses' tanned
raw or uncured, whether dried,
salted, or pickled
bird, dressed with feathers on
bird, imported for millinery pur-
poses, being the entire skins,
with plumage, bills, and feet of
small birds, temporarily stuffed,
&c., for preservation during
voyage, dutiable as crude orna-
mental feathers
deer, raw-
dressed and finished
**
tanned
calf, tanned, or tanned and dressed
calf, glazed
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
chamois
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
**
dressed with alum only
20 per cent.
dressed and finished, not otherwise
provided for
20 per cent.
fish
""
20 per cent.
"
goat, Angora, raw, or unmanufac-
fox, white, dressed
fox, white, undressed
fur, dressed
fur, all kinds, not dressed in any
manner
goat, raw
tured, with the wool on.
Wool on the Skin
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
See
30 per cent. on the
skins alone.
| | | | | | | |
1
1
11
1
*
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
284
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Skins, goat, Angora, raw, without the
>>
wool, unmanufactured
goose and swan, dressed with
feathers on
goldbeaters and moulds -
"2
27
in the hair, raw
japanned, patent or enamelled
lamb, whether Astracan or Persian,
dressed as furs
leopard, raw
dressed
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
>>
>>
mink, as fur skins.
morocco finished
35 per cent.
for morocco, tanned, but unfinished
nutria, raw
10 per cent.
Free.
>>
"pulled," that is, of the hair, which
grows beyond the fur, classified
as furs on the skin undressed
sable fur, cleaned and tipped, or
partly dyed, but pelts wholly
undressed
sausage
>>
>>
seal, dressed
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
| | | |
| | | |
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
A.
B.
£
S.
d.
| | | | |
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
I
20 per cent.
>>
shark
sheep or goats', with wool or hair
on, finished, fit and intended for
immediate use as rugs, dutiable
as rugs -
sheep, raw or unmanufactured, with
See also Wool on the
wool on.
Skin
sheep, dressed, with wool on, for
he mother uses than as mats or rugs
„swan, with feathers on, dressed
tanned and dressed, all kinds,
wholly or partially
vicuna, with the wool on. See
dron me also Wool on the Skin
Skirting, Paris, as balmorals
Skivers, dried, salted, or pickled, as "skins"
tanned, not otherwise provided for
45 per cent.
30 per cent. on the
skins alone.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
30 per cent, on the
skin alone.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
Free.
25 per cent.
I
L
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
25 per cent.
* "An article styled gold beaters' skins, but not made of the same material nor adapted to the same uses, was held to be dutiable
as a manufacture of bladder at 30 per centum ad valorem."
285
:
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Slab iron, so called, for manufacture of fire
and burglar proof safes, dutiable either
as plate or sheet iron, according to its
thickness.
Slate, manufactures of, except roofing
slates -
£ s. d.
qua
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
**
split in the quarry, not skipped or
trimmed nor fitted for use
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
if fitted and ready for use-
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Slates
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
>>
patent, iron plates coated with
mineral powder, &c.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
99
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
0 10 5
5 1
11 13
=per ton
4 f
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
porcelain
porcelain, decorated, for settings of
jewellery, fancy boxes, and fur-
niture, classified as porcelain
ware
roofing
Sledges, blacksmiths'
Sleeve buttons, glass
>>
if not jewellery, dutiable
according to material,
as personal ornaments
without reduction.
same, mother-of-pearl, as
manufactures of shell,
not otherwise provided
for
Sleighs of immigrants, brought for their
own use, and having been used by them
in the countries from which they have
emigrated
Slipper cloths, duty the same as on like
fabrics for other uses.
Slippers, as boots and shoes.
Slippers, cotton velvet uppers for
Slipper patterns, cotton velvet, embroi-

"
**
>>
dered with floss silk,
silk chief value
embroidered, containing
no wool
embroidered, subject to
same duty as like fa-
brics for other uses.
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
1
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 pe
35 per cent.
35 De
per cent.
286

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
-jonizanteshigininang
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
:
Smelts in oil, put up as sardines, and
branded" Eperlans à l'huile," as sardines
Smokers' articles, viz.:
Slipper patterns, paper, engraved and
printed in colours
25 per cent.
£ s. d.
25 per cent.
wool
""
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
Smalts
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
50 per cent.
I
50 per cent.
by smokers
75 per cent.
75 per cent.
Cases, pipe stems, mountings, and all
75 per cent.
75 per cent.
75 per cent.
Cotton fuse, manufactured for and used
parts of pipes and pipe fixtures, and
o all smokers' articles
Cases, &c., if copper or other metals
are component of chief value
Pipe bowls or pipe heads of every de-
scription, including common clay
Pipes, coloured clay
Pipes, meerschaum, wood, porcelain,
lava, and all other tobacco smoking,
except common white clay -
Pipes of common or white clay
Pipes, white clay, with india-rubber
bands at tips, or otherwise advanced
beyond the common white clay
Smoking opium
Snails
Snake root, crude drug
Snuff, and snuff flour
flour, unprepared, in whole or in
part
Snuffers and snuffer trays, according to
material.
Soap, fancy, perfumed, honey, transparent,
and all descriptions of toilet and
shaving soap
""
all other, not otherwise provided for
Castile
4.
pans, according to materials.
""
soft
75 per cent.
$12 per gross and
75 per cent.
$1 per gross and
75 per cent.
$11 per gross and
75 per cent.
35 per cent.
$1 per gross and
75 per cent.
$6 per lb.
Free.
20 per cent.
=per gross
=per gross
063
+75 per cent.
0 6 3 +75 per cent.
0 6 3 +75 per cent.
}
=per gross
35 per cent.
}
=per gross
0 6 3
+75 per cent.
= per lb.
1 5 0
20 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
internal revenue tax
of 32 cts. per lb.
per lb.
035
50 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 2 1
0001+30 per cent.
0 0 0 +30 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
25 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 5
+25 per cent.
1 ct. per lb. and
30 per cent.
= per lb.
1 ct. per lb. and
30 per cent.
= per lb.
|{
1 ct. per lb. and
30 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 0 +30 per cent.
287
Mischer seni
#
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Soap, stocks and stuffs
Free.
turpentine, rosin or common
wash balls -
**
1 ct. per lb. and
30 per cent.
10 cts. per lb. and
25 per cent.
= per lb.
Windsor
Socket chisels and other like edged tools -
Socks, cotton*
10 cts. per lb. and
25 per cent.
per lb.
= per lb.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
linen or thread
**
40 per cent.
made on frames, except silk or
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
瓷
​linen, not otherwise provided for
silk
woollen or worsted, as woollen
clothing
knit goods, wholly or partly of
wool, worsted, the hair of the
alpaca, goat or other like animals :
valued at not over 40 cts. per
lb.
valued at over 40 and not
over 60 cts.
valued at over 60 and not
over 80 cts.
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
Societies, philosophical, educational, scien-
tific, or literary, or for the en-
couragement of the fine arts, all
philosophical and scientific ap-
paratus, instruments, and pre-
parations, statuary, casts of
marble, bronze, alabaster, or
plaster of Paris, paintings,
drawings, and etchings, spe-
cially imported in good faith
for the use of, and not intended
for sale
religious, philosophical apparatus
and instruments, specially im-
ported in good faith for the use
of
{
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
}
per lb.
0 0 0 +30 per cent.
0 0 5 +25 per cent.
cent.
0 0 5 +25 per cent.
45 per cent.
| 1
111
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
per lb.
= per lb.
0 1 3 +35 per cent.
0 1 8 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.

Free
15 per cent.
15 per cent.
"Cotton socks with a narrow coloured stripe at the top for trade mark could not, under the Act of 1857, be classified with
manufactures composed wholly of cotton which are bleached, printed, painted, or dyed,' but belong to the classification in
schedule ‘E.' of 'caps, gloves, leggings, &c., made on frames,' composed wholly of cotton."
288
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Societies, philosophical, literary, or re-
ligious, or for the encouragement of the
fine arts, books, maps, and charts (not
more than two copies in any one invoice),
regalia, gems, statues, and specimens of
sculpture, specially imported in good
faith, for the use of
Soda, acetate or pyrolignate of, crude or
refined
all carbonates of, by whatever name
designated, not otherwise pro-
Free.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
A.
£ s.
d.
B.
25 cts. per lb.
= per lb. 0 101
vided for
20 per cent.
arseniate
99
ash
"">
20 per cent.
ct. per lb.
= per
100lbs.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
0 1 01
bicarbonate of
线
​>>
1½ ct. per lb.
per
100lbs.
0 6 3
1
caustic
iodate of
hydriodate of
hyposulphate of
lye
1½ ct. per lb.
per
100lbs.
063
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
""
nitrate of, or cubic nitre
phosphate of, crude
Free.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
>>
as medicinal preparation
وو
""
>>
powders
sal
salts of, not otherwise provided for
salts of, not otherwise provided for,
if medicinal preparations
silicate of
stannate of, composed of peroxyd of
tin and caustic soda, peroxyd
chief value
water machinery, according to ma-
terial.
water, in bottles or jugs containing
not over 1 quart
containing over 1 quart, for
each additional quart or
fractional part thereof
30 per cent.
3 cts. each and
25 per cent.
3 cts. and
5 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
I
20 per cent.
ct. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
0 1 01/
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
ct. per lb.
= per l
02 1
100lbs.
1
30 per cent.
}
per doz.
01 6 25 per cent.
289
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
V
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
A.
Soda water, not in bottles
Sodium (metal)
Solanine
Soles, cork, as manufactures of cork
Sounds, of cod, hake, and other fish, dried,
>>
as fish glue
cod, salted in barrels, as fish
not specified, pickled in barrels
Souvenirs, all
Soy
If cotton, wool, worsted, metals, paper,
india rubber, straw, gutta percha,
skins, bone, ivory, horn, or leather,
chief value
Spades, iron
wholly or in part of steel
Spanish brown -
梦梦
​flies (cantharides)
grass (esparto), for manufac-
ture of paper -
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
$1 per barrel.
弊
​35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
Free.
| | | |
per bbl.
£
• | | | |
1
063
Free.
= per
mackerel, thon marine, or tunn y
50 cts. per 100 lbs.
0 2 1
100lbs.
30 per cent.
Spar, ornaments of
Spars, wood
Sparterre for bonnets, hats, &c.
Spatulas, as cutlery
Specimens of natural history,* botany
and mineralogy, when for cabinets, as
objects of taste or science, and not for
sale
Spectacles, glasses or pebbles for, manu-
20 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
| | | |
B.
d.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.

factured
40 per cent.
1
40 per cent.
>>
pebbles for, Brazil or other,
rough
Free.
part steel
45 per cent.
11
45 per cent.
all other
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Spelter, manufactured in blocks or pigs.
14 ct. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
0 6
3
31
7 0 0
per ton
*«The term 'specimens of natural history' comprehends only articles imported for the cabinet of the naturalist, and has no
application to living animals."
36247.
T
290

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
per
21 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
per ton
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
Spelter, in sheets
manufactures of
Sperm or Spermaceti oil
Same of American fisheries
Spices, all kinds, not otherwise provided
for, unground -
when ground or prepared.
Spiegel, as pig iron
Spikes, brass or composition
20 cts. per lb.
30 cts. per lb.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
0941
10 10 0
Upon declared
Value.
B.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.

35 per cent.
45 per cent.
$7 per ton.
= per lb.
0 0 10
per lb.
per ton.
0 1 3
1 9 2
35 per cent.
copper or copper chief value
45 per cent.
for railroads.
See note to Rail-
22
road chairs
21 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
0 10
11 13
5
5 1
per ton
per
4 4 J
iron, wrought
21 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
#
""
iron, cut
11 cts. per lb.
7 0 0
Spiles for wharves, other than rough or
round
20 per cent.
1
per ton
per
100 lbs.
-per ton
0 10
11 13 4
0 6 3
3 1
20 per cent.
5
Spinning machinery, according to ma-
terial.
Spindles, steel -
Spirits, spirituous beverages and com-1
lac
pounds. See Liquors
of nitric ether
29
29
of turpentine
yellow
Splicebars, iron, wrought
Spokeshaves, part steel -
Spokes, for wheels, wood
Sponges
Spoons (according to material).
Sporting gun wads, all kinds
Spot nets, silk-
Sprigs, iron, cut, not over 16 ozs. to the
1,000 -
exceeding 16 ozs. to the 1,000
45 per cent.
$2 per proof gall. {
Free.
50 cts. per lb.
30 cts. per gall.
20 per cent.
2 cts. per lb.
per pf. }
gall.
= per lb.
per gall.
per
100 lbs.
=per ton
1
08 4
0 2 1
0 1 3
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
08 4
9 6 8
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.

20 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
[21 cts. per 1,000
3 cts. per lb.
per 1,000
= per lb.
0
0 0 11
0 1
60 per cent.
1
291
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
steel, for wigs
known as
"crinoline steel,"
classed as "steel crinoline wire
£ S. d.
Springs, iron wire, spiral, for furniture
2 cts. per lb. and
15 per cent.
per l
100lbs. f
0 8 4
+ 15 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
**
9 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
}
per lb.
0 0 410 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
Spring steel, German
Spunk
Spurs, as saddlery
Spurs and stilts, for manufacturing earth-
enware
Spy glasses or telescopes, ships', any part
steel
glasses or telescopes, ships', all others,
at the highest rates to which any of
their component parts are liable.
Squares, iron, marked on one side
>>
all other, of iron or steel
Square wire, of iron, to make stretchers
for umbrellas, sunshades, and
parasols, cut into pieces not
exceeding the length therefor
same, of steel, or part steel
Squills or scilla -
Squirrel tails, dyed or dressed
Stained or coloured window glass, in
sheets, for manufacturing church win-
dows, is dutiable by the sq. foot, the
same as uncoloured glass of the same
kind
Stair rods and eyes, brass
Stannate of soda, composed of peroxyd
of tin and caustic soda, peroxyd chief
value
Starch, of potatoes or corn
Starch, of rice or other material
burnt or gum substitute
Stars, metal
Stationery
30 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
Free.
45 per cent.
1
45 per cent.
3 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
6 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
100lbs.
100 lbs.
per l
0 12 6 + 30 per cent.
per
100lbs. f
1 5 0 + 30 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
1 ct. per lb. and
20 per cent.
3 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
کر کے
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.

35 per cent.
per lb.
= per lb.
!
30 per cent.
0 0 0 +20 per cent.
0 0 1 +20 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
T 2
292
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Statuary, all not otherwise provided for*
The term "statuary" as used
""
"9
in the laws now in force im-
posing duties on foreign im-
portations shall be understood
to include professional pro-
ductions of a statuary or of
a sculptor only.
by American artists, duly certi-
fied as prescribed
imported for presentation to
national institutions, or to
any state or municipal cor-
poration
specially imported in good faith
for the use of any society
or institution incorporated or
established for philosophical,
educational, scientific, or
literary purposes, or encou-
ragement of the fine arts, and
not intended for sale
Statues, of alabaster, marble, or wood,
carved
of brass or bronze
plaster, cast
terra cotta, in bas-relief
-99
or
specially imported in good faith
for the use of any society in-
corporated or established for
philosophical, literary,
religious purposes, or for the
encouragement of the fine
arts, or for the use or by
the order of any college,
academy, school, or seminary
of learning -
10 per cent.
Frce.
Free.
Free.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
1
1
* Vases adorned with figures, constituting their chief value, cannot be considered " statuary.”
48
S. d.
1
10 per cent.
| | | | |
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
1

Nor can a pedestal, the work of an American artist abroad, which is neither surmounted nor accomponied by statues or figure,
but designed for statuary made in the United States.
But in case of an importation of a marble monument composed of several pieces of statuary, entitled to free entry as the work
or production of an American artist, the base or pedestal is also exempt from duty when imported with the statue, it being shown
that the entire work is that of ar. American artist residing abroad.
293
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Statuettes, bronze
35 per cent.
**
copper
45 per cent.
>>
plaster, cast-
silver
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
spelter
35 per cent.
Stavebolts, including heading bolts
Free.
Stavesacre, crude
Free.
Staves for pipes, hogsheads, or other
casks
other, undressed
shaved, grooved, and fitted for
setting up into barrels, known as
shooks
Steam, cranes, engines, hammers, hoists,
ploughs, pumps, rollers, and other
machinery worked by steam.
**
if iron, the chief component
part
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
| | | | | | |
||
£ s. d.
111
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
if steel, the chief component
part
45 per cent.
engines, iron for, or parts of,
wrought,
weighing
each 25 lbs. or more
2 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
001
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
flues, wrought
3 cts. per lb.
**
pipes, cast
11 cts. per lb.
tubes, wrought
3 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
per
100 lbs.
per
100 lbs.
0 14 7
06 3

0 14 7
35 per cent.
3 5 per cent..
Free.
1
Steamers, small iron, imported as cargo -
Stearine, palm nut, as soap stock
Steel, made by Martin Siemen's process,
and called "iron," classified as
steel in bars, &c.
#
All metal converted, cast, or
made from iron by the
Bessemer or pneumatic pro-
cess, of whatever form or
description, shall be classed
"steel."
as
294
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Steel, in bars, billets, coils, ingots, and
sheets.
per
valued at 7 cts. or less per lb.*
21 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
valued at above 7 cts. and not
above 11 cts. per lb.
per
3 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
per ton
£ S. d.
41
09
10 10 0
0 12 6
61
14 0
0
valued at above 11 cts. per lb.
{
3 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
= per ton
per
100 lbs.
= per ton
0 14
16 6
8]
+ 10 per cent.
>>
99
as cross cuts, as steel in sheets.
axe shaped"
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
>>
"Bessemer sheet iron," so called,
**
as steel in sheets. [See above.]
bars, slightly tapered
30 per cent.
buttons
دو
30 per cent.
blooms
45 per cent.
| | |
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
梦梦
​cast, tires, axles, shafts, and other
forgings in the rough
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
same, manufactured, wholly or in part
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
cast, in coils
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
chains, if neither jewellery nor
personal ornaments
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
嗲嗲
​cutting or hay knives, reaping
hooks, scythes, and sickles, wholly
or partly of
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
**
fish plates
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
foil blades
95
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
gun-barrel moulds, not in bars
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
hammers, wholly or partly of
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
knife blades
>>
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
locomotive tires
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
in any form, not otherwise pro-
vided for
30 per cent.
1
30 per cent.
manufactures, wholly or partly of,
not otherwise provided for
45 per cent.
>>
pader, as a manufacture of steel
>>
plates, engraved
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
111
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
**Steel in sheets, invoiced as the best cross-cuts, though it may be used for saws, should not be classified as cross-cut saws
partially manufactured, at ten cents. per lineal foot, since the same material may be used for hay-knives, mowing machine knives.
and other purposes. It should be classified as 'steel in sheets,' and pay duty according to its value per pound.”

So of steel sheets of a circular form.
295
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Steel, plough, so called, as steel in sheets.
[See previous page.]
per
railway bars
11 ct. per lb.
100 lbs.
£ s. d.
05 211
5 16
per ton
8 f
per
railway bars, in part of steel
1 ct. per lb.
100 lbs.
0 4
4 13
2
21
4
- per ton
4 J
scrap
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
**
shovels and spades, wholly or partly
of
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
shutters
>>
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
skates, costing 20 cts. or less per pair
same, costing more
8 cts. per pair
per pair
004
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
>>
**
45 per cent.
**
**
spindles
spring, German
springs, for wigs -
springs, known as "crinoline steel,"
classed as " steel crinoline wire "
squares, other than marked on
one side
tires, cast-
wire, square, to make stretchers for
umbrellas, sunshades, and para-
sols, cut into pieces not exceeding
the length therefor
wire rope, strand and chain, either
bright, coppered, galvanized, or
coated with other metals, pays
the same rate of duty levied on
the wire of which it is made.
wire, not less than in. in diam.:
valued at 7 cts. per lb. or less
valued above 7 cts. per lb. and
not above 11 cts. per lb.
valued above 11 cts. per lb.
1
wire, less than in. in diam. and
4
not less than No. 16 wire gauge
less or finer than No. 16 wire
gauge
rods, round, less than 4 in. in diam.,
classified as steel in forms not
otherwise provided for -
rust on. See Rust on steel.
Steeled hoes
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
9 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
6 cts. per lb. and
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
per lb.
== per lb.
0 0 41 + 10 per cent.
0 0 3 +30 per cent.
45 per cent.
1
45 per cent.

21 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 11
3 cts. per lb.
31 cts. per lb. and
= per lb.
0
0 1/1/2
10 per cent.
per lb.
0
0 14 + 10 per cent.
2
cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
per lb.
0
0 14+ 20 per cent.
3 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 1 +20 per cent.
30 per cent.
1
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
296
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
2
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Steels, as cutlery
Steelyards, iron
part steel
Stereoscopic views on glass
Same on paper
Stereoscopes, with lenses of cut glass
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
Stereotype plates
25 per cent.
£ s. d.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
99
broken, dutiable as type
metal
**
Sticks, for umbrellas, in the rough
>>
finished or not, not otherwise pro-
vided for
walking, in the rough
Stick lac
Stilts used in the manufacture of earthen,
stone, or crockery ware
Stilettos
25 per cent.
Free.
||
35 per cent.
Free.
finished or not
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
1
St. John's beans
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
Stockings, cotton
linen and thread
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
made on frames, not otherwise
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
provided for (except silk or
linen)
silk
woollen, as woollen clothing - {
knit goods, wholly or partly
of wool, worsted, the hair of
the alpaca, goat, or other
like animal:
valued at not over 40 cts. per lb.
valued at over 40 and not over
60 cts.
valued at over 60 and not over
80 cts.
valued at over 80 cts. per lb. -
Stock locks, if any part steel
Stomach pumps, according to material.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
}
per lb. 0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 10
+ 35 per cent.
= per lb.
0
1 3 + 35 per cent.
per lb.
0
18+ 35 per cent.

= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
45 per cent.
1
297
3
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Stones, Ayr, as whetstones
梦​渗
​**
Ayr, for polishing
bezoar
Bristol
burr, manufactured or bound up
into millstones
in blocks, rough or unmanu-
factured -
known as "skeleton stones,"
manufactured, but
bound up
building or monumental, except
Free.
Free.
Free.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
£
S. d.
| | | |
| | | |
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
not
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
marble
$1.50 per ton
= per ton
063
clay
戦
​20 per cent.
20 per cent.
cornelian, unmanufactured
**
curling or quoits
Free.
Free.
filtering, unmanufactured
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
*
filtering, manufactured -
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
for ballast, manufactured, not
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
$1.50 per ton
granite
$1.50 per ton
20 per cent.
$2 per ton
$1.50 per ton
**
>>
**
oil (whetstones)
paving
polishing
merchantable, if landed
for ballast, unmanufactured, not
merchantable, if landed
free
glass cutters, as grindstones.
dressed or polished
grind, finished -
rough or unfinished, or
rough hand dressed
green, an inferior kind of marble,
but dutiable as marble in block,
rough or squared
lithographic, not engraved
lime, rough, for burning into lime
lime and sand, used in sinking
cribs for piers
load
mill, as burrstones. [See above.]
50 cts. per cubic ft.
and 20 per cent. cubic ft. J
Free.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
Free.
10 per cent.
Free.
0 2 1 + 20 per cent.
20 per cent.
10 per cent..
per ton
063
110
20 per cent.
10 per cent.

per ton
= per ton
06 3
20 per cent.
084
per ton
per
06 3
111
10 per cent.
* "Line of distinction between wrought or finished and rough unwrought or unfinished grindstones."
298
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Stones, precious, not set.
10 per cent.
set
25 per cent.
**
imitations of, not set
imitations of, set
40 per cent.
pumice
rag
""
rotten
sand
>>
touch
whet
>>
dressing machines. See Machinery.
Stone head nails -
ink bottles, glazed -
and earthenwares, to wit:-brown,
earthen, and common stoneware,
gas retorts, and stoneware not
ornamented
Stoneware, above the capacity of 10
30 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
Free.
$1.50 per ton
20 per cent.
Free.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
£ S. d.
| | | | | | |
10 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
per ton 0 6 3
06
20 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
I
25 per cent.
gallons
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
>>
or earthenware, all other, not
otherwise provided for
40 per cent.
Storax, or styrax
Free.
I │
40 per cent.
per
Stoves and stove plates, of cast iron
11 ct. per lb.
100 lbs.
06
3
3 1
per ton
7 0
0
of
Straits oils, so called, crude
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
same, refined, as medicinal prepara-
tions
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Straw, unmanufactured
Free.
baskets
>>
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
hats, bonnets, or hoods
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
""
braids, &c., for bonnets, hats, &c.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
knives
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
manufactures of, not otherwise pro-
vided for
35 per cent.
twisted, for forming braids, &c.
Straws, for juleps and other drinks
Stretchers for umbrellas, &c., iron wire
to make, cut into suitable
lengths
for umbrellas, cut in lengths,
of steel or part steel
Strings of gut cord, or cat gut (so called),
for musical instruments
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
11 1
s
35 per cent.
1
45 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.

45 per cent.
Free.
1
299

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Strings of metal and silk, for musical
instruments, metal chief value
same, metal not chief value
all other, of whip gut or cat gut
gut and worm gut
Strontia, chemical preparation
>>
**
acetate or pyrolignate of
muriate of
nitrate of
oxide of, or protoxide of stron-
tium
Strychnia (strychnine)
Studs, gold, silver, or set with precious
>>
stones, or imitation of
other than above, according to
material.
Stump joints, iron.
梦梦
​steel
Styrax or storax
Subacetate of copper
Substances expressly used for manure
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
25 cts. per lb.
| | | | | |
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
s. d.
£ s.
| | | 1 |
11
Upon declared
Value.
B.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
063
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
11111100
20 per cent.
per lb.
0 1 0
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
$1.00 per oz.
= per oz.
0 4 2
salts of, not otherwise provided
for
$1.50 per oz.
per oz.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per
cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
1 ct. per lb.
5 cts. per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
3
16
21 cts. per lb.
per
100lbs.
0 9 18
21 cts. per lb.
per
0 10 5
100lbs.
**
above No. 10, and not above No.
13
-S
213 cts. per lb.
per
100lbs.
0 11 89
**
above No. 13, and not above No.
16
316 cts. per lb.
per
100lbs.
0 14 37
above No. 16, and not above No. 1
20
41% cts. per lb.
per
100lbs.
0 16 11/1/
above No. 20, and on all refined
loaf, lump, crushed, powdered,
5 cts. per lb.
per
1910
100 lbs.
and granulated
**
beet machinery
**
beet seed
Free.
Free.
11
11
Succinic acid
Succory root, ground or unground
prepared
Sugar, all, not above No. 7 Dutch stan-
**
dard in colour *
above No. 7, and not above No.
10
0 0 0
0 0 21

Foreign sugars cannot be refined while in bond." Standard samples to be furnished by the Secretary of the Treasury. As
to how sugar shall be sampled.
300
品
​DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Sugar box-shooks
**
3
>>
cane
*
cane slips
of lead, brown
**
of milk
white
refined loaf, lump, crushed, pow-
dered, pulverised, or granulated
Secretary of the Treasury to select
and furnish standards from time
to time, also to prescribe and
require samples to be taken.
† syrup of, and sugar cane juice,
melada, concentrated molasses,
and tank bottoms
"tank footings," so styled, as melada.
refined, tinctured,
tinctured, coloured, or
adulterated, valued at 30 cts.
per lb. or less
candy and all other confectionery,
sold by the box, package, or
otherwise than by the lb.
candy and all other confectionery,
all valued above 30 cts. per lb.
candy, not coloured, nor sold other-
wise than by the lb., nor valued
above 30 cts. per lb.
all other confectionery not other-
wise provided for, made wholly
or in part of sugar, and sugars
after being refined when tinc-
tured, coloured, or in any way
adulterated, valued at not over
30 cts. per lb., and not sold
otherwise than by the lb.
Sulphate of alumina
ammonia, not entitled to free
entry as a manure, although
intended for that use
1
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
10 cts. per lb.
Free.
4 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
per lb.
= per lb.
30 per cent.
10 per cent.
111001
0021
0 0 5
20 per cent.
1
13 cts. per lb.
= per
100lbs.
0 2 93
15 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 7
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
1
50 per cent.
10 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 5
15 cts. per lb.
60 cts. per 100 lbs.
= per lb.
= per
100lbs. f
0 0 71
0 2 6
*
20 per cent.
20 per cent.

*All products of the sugar cane, imported in mats, bags, baskets, or other than tight packages, shall be considered sugar,
be dutiable as such.
and
† Syrup of sugar, syrup of sugar cane juice, melada, concentrated melada, or concentrated molasses, entered under the name
of molasses, shall be forfeited to the United States.
301
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-Up on declared
tities.
A.
£
S.
d.
Value.
B.
Sulphate of barytes
copper
ct. per lb.
4 cts. per lb.
iron
**
ct. per lb.
= per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
0001
0 0 2
0001
梦梦
​lime (plaster of Paris), calcined
and ground
lime (plaster of Paris), un-
ground
morphia
20 per cent.
Free.
1
04 2
114
20 per cent.
quinine
rhubarb
zinc
Sulphide of copper, paste
Sulphides or sulphurets not otherwise
provided for
Sulphur, flour of*
Sulphuret of antimony, crude
iron, pyrites
arsenic
Sulphuric acid, furning (Nordhausen)
>>
Sumac † -
acid, other
ether -
Sunn, or sunn hemp
Sunshades, not silk or alpaca
>>
silk or alpaca
>>
of metal
**
>>
frames for, wholly or chiefly
sticks or canes for, no further
manufactured than cut into
suitable lengths
sticks and frames, finished or
not, not otherwise provided for
square wire for stretchers of,
iron, cut into pieces not ex-
ceeding the length therefor
square wire for stretchers of,
steel, or part steel
{
$1 per oz.
per oz.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
$20 per ton and
15 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
per ton
1
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
4 3 4 + 15 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
= per lb.
Free.
$1 per lb.
= per lb.
04 2
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
$15 per ton
per ton
326
45 per cent.
60 per cent.
1
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
60 per cent.
45 per cent.

Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Surgeons' instruments, not cutlery, ac-
cording to material.
Surplice pins
35 per cent.
1
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
declared value.
"Grinding sumac, a dutiable charge.'
A consignment of 50 tons would therefore be liable to a duty of 2081. 6s. 8d., in addition to 157. per 1007. of its
302
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s.
d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Surveying instruments
Suspenders, cotton or leather
>>
**
>>
>>
Swans' down
india-rubber, in whole or
part, no part silk, wool,
worsted, or mohair
silk
silk and india-rubber, or
silk, rubber, and cotton,
silk not chief value
webbing for, of india-rubber
webbing for, of silk
webbing for, of silk and
india-rubber
webbing for, of silk, rubber,
and cotton, cotton chief
value
worsted or part worsted, as
worsted wearing apparel
skins, dressed, with feathers on
Sweetmeats or fruits preserved in sugar,
brandy, or molasses, not
otherwise provided for
glass jars or bottles filled with
>>
Sweepings of gold or silver
Sword knots, metal
Swords
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
| |
is | |
11
| | |
| | 1
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
I
50 per cent.
}
= per lb.
021 40 per cent.
20 per cent.
| | | | | |
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
blades for
35 per cent.
>>
Syrup of sugar and of sugar cane juice
13 cts. per lb.
{
= per
0793
100 lbs.
T.
Tables, wood, as manufactures of wood not
otherwise provided for
with tops, slabs, or ornaments of
marble
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
Table cloths, linen, valued at not over 30
cts. per sq. yard
35 per cent.
valued at over 30 cts.
40 per cent.
others, according to material.
1
| |
1
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
Dark.
303
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
**
**
**
>>
copper
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
0 2 1
111
Table covers, woollen
oil cloth
fasteners, brass or iron
knives and forks, not gold, silver,
or German silver
mats, as mats, according to ma-
terial.
tops, composition or scagliola
Tacks, brads and sprigs, iron, cut:-
not over 16 ozs. to the 1,000
over 16 ozs. to the 1,000
**
steel
>>
tinned
35 per cent.
24 cts. per 1,000 {
T
per
10,000
per
100 lbs.
01 01/2
Upon declared
Value.
B.
+ 35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
0126
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Taggers' iron
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
tin
1 cts. per lb.
Tailors' irons, cast
1½ cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
per
100 lbs.
09 2
0 6 3
Tails of squirrels, dyed or dressed
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Talc, powdered or other -
Free.
Tallow
1 ct. per lb.
per lb.
candles
梦梦
​**
Tamarinds
preserved in sugar, brandy, or
molasses
Tamboured articles. As Embroideries.
Tambourines
Tampico fibre
21 cts. per lb.
Free.
per lb.
0 0 0
0 0 11
35 per cent.
1
cloth of
>>
Tankfootings and tankbottoms.
Tanned calf skins, or tanned and dressed -
leather and skins
Tanners' knives -
Tannin
Tannic acid
35 per cent.

30 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
17 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
}
= pero 7 93
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
45 per cent.
$2 per lb.
$1 per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
0 8 4
04
1110+
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
45 per cent.
2
1
Tanning, articles for, crude, not otherwise
provided for -
articles for, not crude, not other-
wise provided for
Tapers, adamantine
Free.
1
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 21
#
304
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
S. d.
Tapers, paraffin, pure or mixed-
8 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
**
spermaceti, pure or mixed
8 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
stearine
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
wax, pure or mixed
8 cts. per lb.
per lb.
004
004
0 0 21
004
""
>>
Tapioca -
>>
all others
Tape, cotton
Harlaem
leather
linen
silk or taste
measuring, linen
leather
tailors', leather
in silver or German silver cases
Tapestry, wool
Tar
petroleum, or petroleum residuum :-
if over 20º Beaumé
not over 20° Beaumé
Tares, vegetables
black
Tarlatine muslins, as cotton goods of the
following description:-
not exceeding 100 threads to the sq.
inch, counting the warp and filling,
and weighing over 5 ozs. per sq.
yard:--
unbleached
bleached
50 cents. per lb. and
45 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
5 cts. per sq. yard.
coloured, stained, painted, or
printed
5 cts. per sq. yard.
5cts. per sq. yard
and 10 per cent.
= per l
sq. yd.
21 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 14
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
}
= per lb. 0 2 1 + 45 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0 0 10
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
10 per cent.
}
per
sq. yd.
= per l
sq. yd. Ì
0 0 21
0 0 23/
0 0 23 + 10 per cent.
exceeding 200 threads to the sq. inch,
or being finer and lighter than above
and not exceeding 200 threads :-
unbleached
bleached -
5 cts. per sq. yard.
coloured, stained, painted, or
printed
51 cts. per sq. yard.
5 cts. per sq. yard
= per
sq. yd.
per
sq. yd.
0 0 21
and 20 per cent.
= per
sq. yd.
0 0 23
0 0 23 +20 per cent.
$
305
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Tarpaulin, double warp, as a manufacture
of jute not otherwise provided for, du-
tiable according to value, as follows:-
valued at 30 cts. or less per sq. yard -
above 30 cts. per sq. yard
Tarpaulins, hats
Tartar or argols, crude
>>
other than crude, or partially re-
fined, as brown tartar
cream of -
emetic, or tartrate of antimony
Tartaric acid
Tassels and cords, metal
silk
**
>>
梦梦
​""
silk and cotton
19
wholly or partly of wool,
worsted, or mohair
Teams of immigrants, for their own use
and having been previously used in the
country from which they have emigrated
Teaplants
Teapots (according to material).
Teas, all kinds
Teasels
Teeth, elephants', unmanufactured, as ivory
other, manufactured
other, unmanufactured"
Telegraph poles, with or without the bark
99
وو
cedar, unmanufactured,
other than round
wire, of galvanized wire
cable, copper -
""
iron, or iron chief value
Telegraphic apparatus
Telegraphy, insulators for use exclusively
in, not of glass
all others, at the highest rates
to which any of their com-
ponent parts are liable.
Telescopes, any part steel
Telescopic discs, partially finished
cut
Tents, canvas
36247.
object glasses, edges ground or
}
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Free.
6 cts. per lb.
10 cts. per lb.
15 cts. per lb.
15 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
20 per cent.
2 cts. per lb. and
15 per cent.
45 per cent.
35
per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 to 40 per cent.
|| || || ||
per lb.
per lb.
per lb.
= per lb.
s. d.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
I
0 0 3
0 0 5
111°
0 0 74
0 0 7
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
11
1 1 1 1 1 1
}
= per lb.
11
20 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
00115 per cent.

45 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
ƒ 35 to 40
per cent.
U
306

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
fat Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Terra alba, crude
29
aluminous
cotta statues, in bas relief
japonica, as cutch -
$
ang de sienna and umbra, dry, as ochrey
>>
earths
de sienna and umbra, ground in oil
Terne tin plates and sheets
}
10 per cent.
Free.
40 per cent.
Free.
50 cts. per 100 lbs.
$11 per 100 lbs.
| | | |
= per
100lbs.
= per
100lbs.
| | | |
0 2 1
06 3
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
11 cts. per lb.
per
092
100 lbs.
Teutenague, manufactured in blocks or
pigs
in sheets
14 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
= per ton
06
3
0 0
per
24 cts. per lb.
0 9
100 lbs.
4
10 10 0
per ton
}
manufactures of
>>
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Thermometers, at the highest rates to
which any of their com-
ponent parts are liable.
Thimbles (according to material).
Thon marine, or tunny, or Spanish
mackerel
Thrashing machines (if wood and iron)
Thread buttons
Thread, cotton, on spools, or spool thread,
spools containing not over 100
yards each
99
The same, when spools contain
over 100 yards each, to pay for
each additional 100 yards or
fraction thereof
yarn, warps, or warp yarn, of cot-
ton, all not wound upon spools,
as follows:-
1190 mg 0%
valued at not over 40 cts.
per lb.
valued at over 40 cts. and
not over 60 cts. per lb.
valued at over 60 cts. and
not over 80 cts. per lb.
valued at over 80 cts per lb.
}
50 cts. per 100 lbs.
= per
100lbs.
0 2 1
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
6 cts. per doz. spools
and 30 per cent.
6 cts. per doz. spools
= per
Jdoz. spools
per
} 0 0 8
and 35 per cent. doz. spools }
10 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
03 + 30 per cent.
0 0 3 + 35 per cent.
per lb.
0
0 5
+ 20 per cent.
=
per lb. 0
0 10
+ 20 per cent.
per lb.
0
1 3
+20 per cent.
per lb.
0 1 8 + 20 per cent.
܂
307

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Thread, flax or linen
40 per cent.
>>
lacings and insertings
30 per cent.
shoe, linen
40 per cent.
socks and stockings
40 per cent.
>>
patent, or gill twine
40 per cent.
metal
>>
25 per cent.
>>
pack, flax or linen
40 per cent.
29
pack, all other
Tica, crude
Tickings, cotton. See Cottons.
35 per cent.
Free.
Ties, cotton, of iron
old and unfit for use,
use, as
scrap iron
35 per cent.
railroad, wood
Tiles, encaustic
>>
for draining
""
""
$8 per ton
Free.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
f
1
£
S. d.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
1
per ton
1 13 4
= per
marble, not exceeding 2 in, in thick- || 25 cts. per superficial super. sq. ft.
ness
The same, if more than 2 in. thick,
for each in. or fractional part
thereof, in excess of 2 in. in thick-
ness, 10 cts. per foot in addition
to above rates.
The same, if exceeding 6 in. in thick-
ness, subject to the duty on mar-
ble blocks
paving and roofing, other than
marble
slate
Timber, hewn and sawed, not otherwise.
provided for -
""
round,
unmanufactured,
otherwise provided for
used in building wharves
ship
not
squared or sided, not otherwise
provided for -
Tin, in bars, blocks, or pigs, and grain
sq. ft. and 30 per ct.
$1 per cubic ft. and
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
#
{
= per
cubic ft.
| 1
1
}
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
1 01 +30 per cent.

}
0 4028
1
+25 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
}
1 ct. per cubic ft.
= per
cubic ft.
0 0 0
tin
boxes
Free.
29
35 per cent.
" crystals of
30 per cent.
,, liquor
20 per cent.
"
manufactures wholly or partly of, not
otherwise provided for
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
""
muriate of
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
U 2
308
Duty charged in English
Currency.
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Tin, nitrate of
oxide of
99
in plates or sheets
,, plates, after reaching that condition,
subsequently galvanized or coated
with any metal by electric bat-
teries
same, otherwise than by electric
batteries
,, roofing, continuous and fastened to-
gether, ready for use
99
salts of
>>
tagger and terne
Tinfoil
Tincal, or crude borax
Tinctures, fragrant, as toilet articles
99
Tippets, fur
medicinal
proprietary -
others, dutiable according to ma-
terial, as clothing or "articles
worn."
Tissues, for hats, &c.
叁
​Tips, horn
""
for umbrellas, &c., metal
Tires and parts thereof for locomotives
29
and parts thereof, cast steel
Toasters, cheese or bread
Tobacco, manufactured, of all descriptions,
and stemmed tobacco, not
otherwise provided for
in leaf, unmanufactured and not
stemmed
stems, unmanufactured
unmanufactured, not otherwise
provided for -
Toilet articles, viz. :-Essences, extracts,
toilet waters, cosmetics,
hair-oils, pomades, hair
dressings and restora-
tives, hair dyes, tooth
washes, tooth pastes,
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
1 cts. per lb.
0
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
A.
B.
£
S.
d.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
{
= per
092
100 lbs.
=
per
0 8 8
2 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
41
9 6
8
per ton
8 J
= per
2 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
0 10
11 13 4
51
per ton
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
| |
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
1 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
}
09 2
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
Free.
45 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
1 11
= per
100 lbs.
per ton
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
0 12
14 0
6
6 1
0
11
50 cts. per lb. and
internal revenue tax
of 24 cts. per lb.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 3 1
35 cts. per lb.
15 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
per lb.
0 1 5
0 0
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
2
309
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Toilet articles-continued.
""
dentifrices, aromatic ca-
chous, or other perfume-
ries or cosmetics used
or applied as perfumes
or applications to the
hair, mouth, or skin
Cologne water, and other
perfumeries, of which
alcohol forms the princi-
pal ingredient -
lavender water, and toilet
vinegar, alcohol or dis-
tilled'spirits principal in-
gredient, as alcoholic per-
50 per cent.
$3 per gal. and
50 per cent.
1
50 per cent.
}
= per gall.
0 12 6 + 50 per cent.
fumery including toilet
accessory known as
"Rimmel's Extract"
$3 per gal. and
50 per cent.
per gall. 0 12 6 + 50 per cent.
same, containing no alcohol
Toilet vials and bottles, cut or ornamented
Toilets, miniature, for dolls, as toys
Tomatoes
Tongues, neats and reindeer
Tongs, iron
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
| | | | | | |
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
"new brass
35 per cent.
others, according to material.
Tonquin beans
Tools of trade, immigrants'
Free.
Free.
Tooth brushes
40 per cent.
paste, washes, &c.
50 per cent.
picks, quill
20 per cent.
| | | | |

40 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
picks, other (according to materials).
Topaz, real
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
imitation
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
Tops for furniture, composition or scagliola
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Tortoise shell, unmanufactured -
Free.
Touchstones
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Tow, of flax
$10 per ton
= per ton
2 1 8
>>
of hemp or codilla
$10 per ton
= per ton
21
8
yarn, called "green tow yarn," duty
as on flax yarns
40 per cent.
Toys for children, except dolls
50 per cent.
Traces, leather
35 per cent.
፡፡
Tracing cloth, vellum cloth
35 per cent.
1111
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
* “The law authorising the admission of tools of trade is limited; it does not cover machinery or any article to be worked
by any other than manual power, and is restricted as to numbers, quantity, and value to what is considered reasonable for the
actual use of the person to whom they belong.
310
Pagek
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
A
Traction engines, according to material.
Tragacanth, gum
Traps, iron and wood, or iron wire
steel
Free.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
Travelling rugs, wholly or partly of 50 cts. per lb. and
wool
Trays, salvers, or waiters, copper
وو
""
japanned -
gilt or plated
wood, lacquered
gold, silver, or German silver
Treacle (molasses)
Trees and scions, all, not otherwise pro-
Tresses, metal
vided for
for Department of Agri-
culture or United
States Botanical Gar-
den
Trimmings, bead, silk and metal
।
£
S. d.
111
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
5 cts. per gall.
per gall.
0 111 11
45 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
0 0 21/0
20 per cent.
1
20 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
cotton
92
cotton and worsted ·
{
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
crape, silk chief value
50 per cent.
>>
chip, &c., for bonnets, hats, &c.
silk
30 per cent.
60 per cent.
}
per lb.
| | | |
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
0 2 1 +50 per cent.
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
60 per cent.
29
29
viz.: epaulets, galloons, laces,
knots, stars, tassels, tresses,
and wings, of gold, silver,
or other metal. (See Note
to Manufactures of Brass)
viz.: bouillons or cannetille,
and metal threads, filé or
gespinst -
viz.: webbings, beltings,
bindings, braids, galloons,
fringes, gimps, cords, cords
and tassels, dress trim-
mings, head nets, buttons
or barrel buttons, or but-
tons of other forms for
tassels or ornaments,
wrought by hand or braided
by machinery, made of
Ivanow of, as also wool, worsted,
worsted, or mohair,
1) okteaser or of which either is a
component material
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
}
per lb.
0 2 1 + 50 per
cent.

311
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Tripoli (polishing powder)
Troches, or lozenges, patent or proprietary
medicines
Trowels, part steel
Free.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
Truffles, preserved
35 per cent.
Trunks, wholly or partially of leather
35 per cent.
Trunk handles, iron
35 per cent.
Trusses, leather and iron
35 per cent.
with steel springs, steel chief
value
45 per cent.
Tubes, steam, gas, and water, wrought 3 cts. per lb.
梦梦
​>>
>>
iron. See Note to Flues
bone or ivory
condenser, of brass, for vessels
built in the United States, for
employment in the foreign trade
condenser, of brass, for vessels not
exempt as above
earthenware, brown
silver
Tulles malines, silks in piece
Tumblers, glass, not cut
Tunny
Turbans, silk
glass, cut
Turkish red salts
Turmeric
Turpentine, spirits of
Turtles
Venice
Tweezers, gold or silver
steel -
Twilled cottons or silesias.
Twills, "rainbow stripe printed, worsted
and cotton," as manufactures of
worsted, viz.:
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 cts. per 100 lbs.
$
60 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
30 cts. per gall.
Free.
Free.
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
I
= per
100 lbs.
ton
=per ton
W
£ s.
d.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
0 14 7 1
16 6 8
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
per
100lbs. J
0 2 1

60 per cent.
20 per cent,
=
per gall. 0 13
0 per cent.
40
45 per cent.
oorlind
valued at not over 20 cts. per 6 cts. per sq. yard
sq. yard
valued at higher than 20 cts.
and 35 per cent.
8 cts. per sq. yard
per
sq. yard
per
per sq. yard
and 40 per cent.
sq. yard
0 0 3 + 35 per cent.
004+ 40 per cent.
1 adobe hon
* "Glass tumblers smoothed by cutting or grinding or with engraved sides, are subject to duty as 'glass cut.'" ~\
A
312
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Date of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Twills, &c.-continued.
PROVIDED that on all goods
weighing 4 ozs. or over per
sq. yard the duty shall be
Twine, flax or linen
""
gill
jute
seine or game, flax
any other material
Twist, for buttons
silk, or silk and mohair
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
}
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
99
40 per cent.
""
silk for fringes, not commercially
known as silk twist
60 per cent.
Twisting machinery, according to
material.
Type metal
25 per cent.
Types, new
25 per cent.
""
old, and fit only to be re-manufac-
tured
Free.
Tyrian dye
20 per cent.
= per lb.
| | | | | | |
1
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan.
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
111
1 1
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
60 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
U.
Ultramarine
Umber
Umbrellas, parasols, and sunshades, silk
or alpaca
other material
ribs and stretchers, frames, tips, run-
ners, handles, or other parts thereof,
when made in whole or chief part of
iron, steel, or any other metal
bamboo reeds, and sticks of partridge,
hair wood, pimento, orange, myrtle,
and other sticks, in the rough, or
*** no further manufactured than cut
into lengths suitable for umbrella,
* parasol, or sunshade sticks –
frames and sticks for umbrellas, para-
sols, and sunshades, finished or un-
finished, not otherwise provided for
6 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
003
50 cts. per 100 lbs.
per
100lbs.
0 2 1
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
1
1
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
313
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Umbrellas, &c.-continued.
square iron wire for stretchers of, cut
into pieces not exceeding the length
therefor
same, of steel or part steel
Unenumerated articles, unmanufactured
if manufactured
articles of similar character to articles
enumerated herein, shall pay the
same rate of duty as the articles to
which they bear a similitude.
United States, articles imported for the
use of, PROVIDED, That the price of the
same did not include the duty
articles the growth, produce, and
manufacture of the United States
when returned in the same condition
as exported: PROVIDED, that proof
of the identity of such articles be
made under regulations; and if
such articles were subject to in-
ternal tax at the time of exportation,
such tax shall be proved to have
been paid before exportation, and
not refunded *
if no internal tax has been assessed
or paid, or upon which such tax
has been paid and refunded by
allowance or drawback, shall pay a
duty equal to the tax imposed by
internal revenue laws upon such
articles.†
botanical garden, plants, trees, shrubs,
roots, seed cane, and seed imported
for
casks, barrels, or carboys, and other
vessels, and grain bags, the manu-
facture of the United States, if ex-
ported, containing American pro-
duce, and declaration be made of
intent to return the same empty,
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
A
1
1
£ S.
d.
1
1
裕​能
​35 per cent.
45 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
I

"Dutiable merchandise imported into the United States and afterwards exported, although it may have paid duty on the
first importation, is liable to duty on every subsequent importation into the United States."
"This being a customs duty, is payable in coin."
0314
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
United States, articles imported, &c.-cont.
under such regulations as shall be
prescribed by Secretary of the
Bree Treasury
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
Free.
fisheries, products of -
Free.
personal and household effects, not
merchandise, of citizens of, dying
abroad
Free.
Unrotted flax
$15 per ton
= per ton
326
Uranium, oxide of
Free.
V.
Vaccine virus
Valenciennes (thread lace)
Valerianate of zinc, medicinal preparation
Valises, wholly or partly of leather
Valonia (for tanning)
Valuation of different articles of cotton
or wool imported in the same package,
and charged at an average price. It
shall be the duty of the appraisers to
adopt the value of the best article con-
tained in such package, and so charged,
as the average value of the whole.
Vandyke brown -
Vanilla beans and plants
Varnish (8 lbs. to the gallon):-
valued at $1.50 or less per gallon
valued at above $1.50 per gall.
Vases of metal adorned with figures,
dutiable as manufactures of metal
parian or porcelain, gilded, orna-
mented, or decorated
99
plain white
Vegetable ivory or nuts, unmanufactured
Free.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.'
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
50 cts. per gall. and
20 per cent.
J 50 cts. per gall. and
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
Free.
""
all manufactures of, not
otherwise provided for
35 per cent.
ada neɔɔbab bieɔɔ,
oils,
buttons
30 per cent.
all essential, not other-
wise provided for
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
||
20 per cent.
per gall.
0 2 1 + 20 per cent.
= per gall.
0 2 1 + 25 per cent.
35 per cent.
111
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
315

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Vegetable oils, all expressed, not other-
**
**
wise provided for
substances used for beds and
mattresses
if used for cor-
dage, not other-
£
S. d.
20 per cent.
Free.
1
20 per cent.
wise
provided
for
$15 per ton
per ton
326
**
for hats, bonnets,
or hoods
40 per cent.
>>
for plaits, braids,
&c., for hats
raw and unmanu-
factured,
30 per cent.
not
enumerated and
other than above
10 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
ploaz
10 per cent.
Vegetables, crude or raw, not otherwise
provided for
10 per cent.
desiccated
**
**
or compressed
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
35 per cent.
prepared
used for dyeing
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
(C essence of red beets," as
distilled spirits
}
$2 per proof gall. {
per proof}o
084
Veils, silk
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
Vellum (parchment)
cloth, cotton
Velocipedes, iron
steel
Velvet binding, cotton
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
cotton
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
printed or painted
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
ribbons, cotton
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
silk and cotton, silk chief
value
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
>>
silk and cotton, cotton chief value
35 per cent.
**
35 per cent.
silk, or silk chief value
uppers for slippers, cotton-
Velveteens, cotton
Veneering rods -
Veneers
of maple and walnut from
Canada, as cabinet woods, un-
manufactured
produced by cutting, dutiable
as manufactures of wood,
not otherwise provided for
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
6035 per cent.
316
TE DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.

Verdigris (subacetate of copper)
Venetian red*
Venice turpentine
Venison hams
Veratrine
Verditer, or Bremen green
Vermicelli
Free.
25 per cent.
Free.
2 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 1
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
Vermillion
Vermuth, spirits, as absinthe
"9
""
copper-
wine bitters, as wines of the
same cost.
Vessels, cast iron, not otherwise provided}
for
brass, britannia metal, pewter,
sheet-iron, tin, or zinc
exported, containing American
produce, and returned empty
under regulations
2 cts. per lb.
25 per cent.
$2 per proof gall. {
per lb.
001
11101101
£ s. d.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
25 per cent.
per proof
084
1 cts. per lb.
= per
100 lbs.
06
3
6 31
7 0 0
per ton
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
1
45 per cent.
Free.
japanned
40 per cent.
""
repairs ont
50 per cent.
| | |
Vestings, silk
60 per cent.
40 per cent.
50 per cent.
60 per cent.
silk and cotton, but sold as a
pure silk article
60 per cent.
{
60 per cent.
29
wool
cotton -
"fibre and cotton," so called,
of grass and cotton, cotton
chief value
other (according to material).
Vesuvin, as aniline dyes -
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1
+35 per cent.
1
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
{
50 cts. per lb. and
= per lb.
35 per cent.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
11.
Vetches, dried for fodder
for seed
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
* Colcothar and Venetian Red are separate and distinct articles of commerce; colcothar being a dry oxide of iron produced by
chemical action (but not chemically pure), containing small quantities of lime, sulphuric acid, and sulphate of lime as impurities,
while Venetian red is a native or prepared oxide of iron, ground with 25 to 40 per centum of whiting to make it fit for use as a
paint. Colcothar is much heavier and darker in colour than Venetian red, and of nearly triple its value in England.

↑ See note to Ships' Equipments and Repairs.
Silk and cotton vestings so styled, but sold as a pure silk article, were found upon examination to contain a very small pro-
portion of cotton, and were properly classified under this provision as silk vestings, subject to a duty of 60 per cent. ad valorem.
317
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Vials, cut
plain
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
A.
£ S. d.
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent. on
skins alone.
| | | |
45 per cent.
10 cts. per gall.
= per gall.
005
110
stan-
Vichy lozenges, medicinal preparation
Vicuña skins, with the wool on.
wool on the skin
Vices, part steel -
Vinegar -
See also
For all purposes the
dard for vinegar shall be
taken to be that strength
which requires 35 grains
of bicarbonate of potash to
neutralize 1 ounce troy of
vinegar.
concentrated or acetous acid:-
exceeding the specific gravity
1.047
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
45 per cent.
30 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
013
not exceeding the specific
gravity of 1·047, known
as No. 8
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 2
>>
>>
Violins
demijohns containing
raspberry
toilet, alcohol or distilled spirits
principal ingredient, as alco-
holic perfumery
toilet, without alcohol
wine, in bottles, dutiable by the
gallon as vinegar in bulk.
Violin boxes, when empty, according to
material.
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
1 1
40 per cent.
25 per cent.
$3 per gall. and
50 per cent.
}
=per gall.
0 12 6 + 50 per cent.
50 per cent.
I
50 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
strings, gut
Free.
gut, covered with fine metal
wire, wire chief value
35 per cent.
1
I
>>
metal and silk, metal chief
value
35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
35 per cent.

>>
**
Virus, vaccine
metal and silk, metal not
chief value
Vitriol, oil of (sulphuric acid)
60 per cent.
www.
*
""
blue or Roman (sulphate of copper)
**
green
white
Free.
Free.
4 cts. per lb.
ct. per lb.
20 per cent.
per lb.
= per lb.
100111
0 0 2
20 per cent.
60 per cent.
Volatile oils, as essential oils not otherwise
provided for
Vomic nut
50 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
318
સંચળ
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.

Value.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
B.
£ s.
d.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Wadding, cotton
""
paper -
W.
Wads, gun, not sporting, of paper, cattle
hair and wool waste (the latter
of no merchantable value), as
manufactures of paper
>>
gun not sporting, of wool or wool
waste of any merchantable value
gun, sporting, all kinds
Wafers
Wagon blocks
>>
boxes, iron, rough castings
prepared for use
Wagons, sleighs, harness, ploughs, and
other implements brought by farmers
arriving in the United States from foreign
countries as immigrants, for their own
use, the same having been used by them
in such foreign countries
Waiters, copper -
{
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
1
35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
| | | | |
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
1
45 per cent.
gilt or plated
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
gold, silver, or German silver
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
>>
japanned
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
wood
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
Walking sticks or canes, finished or not-
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
unmanufactured
35 per cent.
Free.
Walnuts, all kinds
Wardrobes for dolls, as toys
Ware, china, porcelain and parian, gilded,
ornamented, or decorated
same, plain white
bokep abg
earthen and stone, to wit: brown
earthen and common stone ware,
gas retorts and stone ware not
ornamented
earthen, stone, or crockery, all other
not otherwise provided for, white,
glazed, edged, printed, painted,
dipped, or cream coloured, com-
posed of earthy or mineral sub-
stances, andi ncluding "Rocking-
ham ware
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 12/2
50 per cent.
1
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.


1
40 per cent.
319
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Warming pans, brass or tin
Warps or warp yarn, as cotton thread.
Wash balls
blue
**
Washing apparatus, according to material.
crystals, as sal soda
Waste, all not otherwise provided for
bagging, for manufacturing paper
flocks or shoddy of wool
>>
same, pulverized
fur
jute thread, fit only for manufac-
ture of paper
of every kind, fit only for manu-
facture of paper
silk
10 cts. per lb. and
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
12 cts. per lb.
£ s. d.
Ware, japanned, all kinds, not otherwise
provided for
40 per cent.
1
40 per cent.
**
stone, above the capacity of 10 gal-
lons
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
**
>>
copper -
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
}
per lb.
0 0 5 + 25 per cent.
25 per cent.
ct. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 01
per lb.
0 0
12 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 6
20 per cent.
10011
20 per cent.
6
20 per cent.
Free.
1
Free.
Free.
Washes, tooth
50 per
cent.
Watches, gold, silver, and other*
Watch cases, watch movements, parts of
watches, and watch materials
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
chains, of gold or silver
25 per cent.
**
crystals, glass
40 per cent.
>>
guards, of human hair
35 per cent.
>>
guards or chains, silk
60 per cent.
| | | | |
| | | |
50 per cent.

| | | | |
guards, silk and cotton, silk chief
value
60 per cent.
1
>>
hands and chain hooks, as watch
materials
>>
jewels
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
11
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
* Duty must be demanded on all watches but one brought by a single passenger. Seizure would only be made upon denial by
passenger that he has any other watch than one, or upon a false statement of the number in his possession. If all the watches
are old, the passenger may choose the one to be treated as personal effects. If some are old and some new, the new are to be
included among those to be treated as subject to duty.
the
320
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Watch keys, gilt, with iron pipes, as manu-
factures of iron, not otherwise
£ s.
d.
provided for
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Same
with steel pipes, as
manufactures of steel, not
otherwise provided for
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
45 per cent.
25 per cent.
keys, if jewellery -
all others, according to ma-
terials.
Water colours, moist, used in the manufac-
>>
ture
of paper-hangings and
coloured papers and cards, not
otherwise provided for -
colours, not otherwise provided for
flues, wrought iron
fowls, living
proof cloth, not otherwise pro-
vided for
tubes, wrought iron
Waters, mineral or medicinal, artificial, in
""
bottles or jugs:-
containing not over one quart {
containing over one quart, for
each additional quart or
fractional part
same, not in bottles
1011
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 13
Free.
45 per cent.
31 cts. per lb.
45 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 12
3 cts. each and
25 per cent.
= per
doz. bots.
}0 1625 per cent.
3 cts. and 25 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent.
Free.
50 per cent:
20 per cent.
Free.
30 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
mineral, not artificial
toilet
Wax, bay or myrtle
beads
bees', bleached or not
Brazilian
Chinese
Free.
flowers
50 per cent.
Japan
50 per cent.
20 per cent.
manufactures of, not otherwise pro-
20 per cent.
,, sealing
"
kvided for
shoemakers'
candles and tapers
Wearing apparel in actual use of persons
arriving in the United
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
8 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0 4
1110
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
States
linen
Free.
40 per cent.
| 1
40 per cent.

321
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Wearing apparel, other than linen, silk, or
>>
wool, made up or manu-
factured by the tailor,
seamstress, or manu-
facturer, and not other-
wise provided for
other than linen or silk,
made on frames, not
otherwise provided for*
silk, or partly silk, or of
which silk shall be the
component material of
chief value, not other-
wise provided for
wholly or in part of wool,
worsted, alpaca, or goat
hair, except knit goods
knit goods, of wool,
worsted, alpaca, &c.:-
valued at not over
40 cts. per lb.
valued over 40 cts.
and not over 60
cts.
valued over 60 cts.
and not over 80
cts.
valued at over 80 cts.
per lb.
Weaving looms, according to materials.
Weighing machines, according to materials.
Webbing, cotton, flax, or any other ma-
terials not otherwise pro-
vided for
{
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
=
- per lb.
£
S. d.
1
35 per cent,
35 per cent.
60 per cent.
0 2 1
+40 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 0 10 +35 per cent.
per lb.
013
+ 35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 18 +35 per cent.
}
= per
per lb.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
35 per cent.
* Dresses imported for "Sisters of Charity" who were nursing the soldiers in the hospitals of Philadelphia and elsewhere,
were held to be dutiable.
"Such exemption of wearing apparel cannot be without limit as to the character and quantity of the articles which are to be
admitted to free entry; and it is for the Department or its officers to determine whether articles for which exemption is claimed
are entitled thereto under a reasonable construction of the law.
“Clothing or wearing apparel, or personal ornaments accompanying persons arriving in the United States, cannot be admitted
free of duty, unless it appear by declaration of the party, under oath, that they have been in his or her actual use.
The rule by which the Department usually determines the dutiable or free character of wearing apparel in such cases is as follows:-
1st. Did the owner visit the foreign country for the purpose or with the direct intention of purchasing the article or articles?
2nd. Were the articles intended for the sole use of the person purchasing the same.
3rd. Was such purchase actually necessary for the health or comfort of the person or persons purchasing the same?
These questions must be answered under oath."
"By the term wearing apparel,' Congress intended to make the purpose, adaptation, and use of an article, and not its com-
mercial designation, the test of its dutiable description."
36247.
X

322
:
Rate of Duty
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.

Webbing, silk
silk and india-rubber-
silk, rubber, and cotton, cot-
ton chief value
wool, worsted, or mohair
any other material, and india-
rubber
wholly or partly of india-rubber
Wedgwood ware. See Earthenware.
Weights (according to material).
Weld
Whalebone, all, of American fisheries
{
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
黼
​unmanufactured, of foreign
fisheries
Free.
manufactures of, not other-
99
hats, bonnets, or hoods of
wise provided for
braids, &c. of, for bonnets
and hats
Whale oil, of American fisheries
of foreign fisheries
Wharves, timber for, viz. :—
piling, consisting of rough logs
with bark on
20 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
}
= per lb.
111
| |
£ s.
d.
11
60 per cent.
50 per cent.
50 per cent.
0 2 1 +50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.

1
spiles, other than round or
hed tag through
20 per cent.
Wheat (60 lbs. to bushel)
20 cts. per bush.
per bush. 0 0 10
flour of
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
1011
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent,
35 per cent.
Wheelbarrows (iron and wood) -
Wheels, hubs for, rough-hewn, or sawed
only
hubs for, manufactured
Whetstones Che
Whipgut or catgut, unmanufactured
Whips (according to material).
Whisky -
Whistles for children, as toys
White, enamelled, satin, and lime
enamel for manufacture of watch
faces
chalk
fox skins, undressed
lead, dry or in oil -
per cent.
35 per
Free.
Free.
$2 per proof gall. {
50 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
40 per cent.
=
per proof
gall.
proof o
084
= per lb. 0 0 11
Free.
Free.
3 cts. per lb.
= per
per lb.
1
50 per cent.
40 per cent.
0011/12

323
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Whiting, dry
Wicks, cotton
White vitriol
stone, crude mineral
ground in oil
Wigs, human hair
>>
netting of human hair, foundation
for
springs for -
Willow or osier, prepared for basketmakers'
use
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
1 ct. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 01
2 cts. per lb.
per lb.
001
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
1
40 per cent.
**
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
45 per cent.
45 per cent.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
>>
braids, &c., for bonnets, hats, &c. -
hats, bonnets, &c.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
40 per cent.
manufactures of, not otherwise
provided for
split, for coopers' use
Wine lees, crystallized or crude tartar
>>
liquid -
Wines, all still, in casks and containing
not over 24 per cent. of alcohol
champagne and all other spark-
ling, in bottles of pint or
less each
99
2
same, in bottles of over
pint and not over 1 pint
each
20 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
40 cts. per gall.
40 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
pint, or fractional part
I
20 per cent.
11
per gall. 01 8
$1.50 per doz.
per doz.
0 6 3
$3 per doz.
same, in bottles of over 1
11
per doz.
0 12 6
pint and not over 1 quart
each
$6 per doz.
per doz.
1.5
0
same, in bottles of over 1 $6 per doz. and $2
quart each
5 0
per gall, on excess
per doz.
all still wines in bottles, per case
of 1 dozen bottles, containing
each not more than 1 quart,
and more than 1 pint, or
24 bottles, containing each not
faqe glow more than 1 pint
caw with Any excess beyond these
paljud taseme quantities found in such
bottles shall be subject to
Taubegot baberong a duty of 5 cents. perfio has 2mg preingrimon, g
and 8s. 4d.
per gall.
on excess
$1.60.
=per doz.
qts. or
2 doz.
>068
pints. J
Jig bens pode
X 2

324
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B
Wines-continued.
thereof. No separate duty
shall be collected on the
bottles.*
PROVIDED that there shall
be an allowance of 5 per
cent. and no more on
all effervescing wines,
liquors, cordials, and dis-
tilled spirits in bottles, to be
deducted from the invoice
quantity in lieu of break-
age.
containing over 24 per cent. of
alcohol to be forfeited.
Wings, metal
Winnowing machines, according to ma-
terial.
Wire, binding, for saddlery, rolled and
flattened, or other
brass
99
copper
gilt, plated, or silvered
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
| | | | |
£ s.
d.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
35 per cent.

gold, silver, or platinum
iron, bright, coppered, or tinned,
drawn and finished, not more
than of an inch in diameter.†
not less than No. 16 wire gauge
over No. 16 and not over No. 25
wire guage
{
{
2 cts. per lb. and
15 per cent.
= per
100 lbs.
3 cts. per lb. and
15 per cent.
per ton
= per ton
per
100 lbs.
}
40 per cent.
084
+15 per cent.
968
+15 per cent.
0 14 7
+15 per cent.
16 6 8
+15 per cent.
* In an appeal as to the duty on claret wine imported from Bordeaux in bottles, and in the dutiable value of which the cost of
bottles, corks, labels, caps, straw, and cases was included, the Department held that these constituted an integral part of the market
value, and that the duty was properly assessed.
"
Under the Act of 1864 it was held that, "The duty on champagne or sparkling wines in bottles,' is not exclusively specific;
"the same schedule which governs all other wines, as provided for in section 2, governs' champagne or sparkling wines in
"bottles; but a provision of the law directs that said wines shall not pay a less rate of duty than six dollars per dozen bottles,
"&c., &c. Unquestionably, if the value justifies it, they must pay more.'
t "That round iron coils, three-sixteenths of an inch or less in diameter, whether coated with metal or not so coated, and all
descriptions of iron wire, and wire of which iron is a component part, not otherwise specifically enumerated and provided for, shall
pay the same duty as iron wire, bright, coppered, or tinned.” He

325
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Wire, iron, &c.-continued.
>>
99
39
over No. 25 wire gauge
-{
same, over in. diameter, as manu-
factures of iron, not otherwise
provided for
PROVIDED that wire covered
with cotton, silk, or other ma-
terial, shall pay 5 cts. per lb.
in addition to the foregoing
rates.
"iron wire rods," in coils, as rolled
or hammered iron not otherwise
provided for
spiral springs
ribbons, of strands of iron wire
covered with cotton and united
by a cotton web -
square, of iron, to make stretchers
for umbrellas, sunshades, and
parasols, cut into pieces not ex-
ceeding the length therefor
same, of steel or part steel
rope, wire strand, and chain of iron
or steel wire, either bright, cop-
pered, galvanized, or coated with
other metals, pay the same rates
of duty levied on the wire of
which they are made.
" steel, not less than of an inch in
4 cts. per lb. and
15 per cent.
35 per cent.
14 cts. per lb.
2 cts. per lb. and
15 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
{
= per l
100 lbs.
£ S. d.
}
0 16 8
= per ton 18 13 4
+15 per cent.
+15 per cent.
I
per
100lbs. f
0 5 21/2
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 0 1 +15 per cent.
diameter:
valued at 7 cts. or less per lb.
24 cts. per lb.
per
100 lbs.
valued at above 7 cts. and not
above 11 cts.
3 cts. per lb.
valued at above 11 cts. per lb.
steel rods in coils, as steel wire.
steel, less than of an inch in
diameter:-
not less than No. 16 wire gauge
- { 3 4
-34
3 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
21 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
| |
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
45 per cent.
-per ton
per
100 lbs.
per ton
= per
100 lbs.
}
= per ton
= per
100 lbs.
09
4/12
10 10 0
0 12
14 0 0
}
61
]
0 14 7
1
+10 per cent.
16 6 8
+10 per cent.
0 10 5
11 13 4
+20 per cent.
+20 per cent.
}.
== per ton

326
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Wire, steel-continued.
less than No. 16 wire gauge
res em 24
of steel, commercially known as
crinoline, corset, and hat steel
wire -
steel wire rods, round, less than
که
inch diameter, classified as steel
in forms not otherwise provided
for
telegraph, galvanized iron
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
3 cts. per lb. and
20 per cent.
9 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
30 per cent.
2 cts. per lb. and
15 per cent.
{
telegraph cable, copper
45 per cent.
same, of iron, or iron chief value -
35 per cent.
Free.
per
100 lbs.
}
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
0 12 6
14 0
Upon declared
Value.
B.
+20 per cent.
0
+20 per cent.
+10 per cent.
per ton
42 0 0
+10 per cent,
F. per ton
per
100 lbs.
}
= per lb.
1 1
1 17 6
1
30 per cent.
0 0 1 +15 per cent.
111
45 per cent.
35 per cent.
Woad or pastel
Wooden moulds or cores for dress orna-
ments, as manufactures of wood not other-
wise provided for
Wood ashes, and lye of
""
35 per cent.
Free.
cedar fence posts and telegraph
poles, unmanufactured, other
drop than round
20 per cent.
cedar logs and posts, round and
unmanufactured
Free.
fire
Free.
""
handle-bolts
Free.
hop poles of, unmanufactured
lake
20 per cent.
25 per cent.
99
""
29
""
>>
logs and round unmanufactured
timber not otherwise provided
for, and ship timber
logs, rafts of
manufactures of, the following:-
all manufactures of cabinet woods
not otherwise specified
all manufactures of other woods
not otherwise provided for
piling, consisting of rough logs.
with bark on
spiles for wharves, other than
rough or round
telegraph poles, with or without
the bark, as round unmanufac-
tured timber
Free.
Free.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
20 per cent.
Free.
***
1
1 1 1 1 1
11:
[ 1 1 1 1
||
1
|
1
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
25 per cent.

35 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.

327
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Wood casks and barrels, empty, not
>>
otherwise provided for -
cedar boards, for making cigar
boxes (not cabinet wood), classi-
fied as common lumber.
chessmen
clapboards, rough-hewn or sawed
only, pine or spruce, per 1,000
pieces of 4 ft. long, or 4,000
lineal feet, viz. :-
pine
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
!
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
1
£ S. d.
|
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
glug
Sulda
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
>>
"
spruce
all other, rough-hewn or sawed
only
When planed or finished, all the
above are subject to the addi-
tional duty prescribed for planed
or finished lumber.
manufactures of, the following:-
headings of barrels, casks, &c., as
manufactures of wood not other-
wise provided for
heading, unmanufactured, except
being sawed or split into sizes
convenient for manufacture, as
wood unmanufactured
hogsheads, as casks
hoops
hubs for wheels, posts, last blocks,
wagon blocks, oar blocks, gun
blocks, heading blocks, and all
like blocks and sticks, rough-
hewn or sawed only
hubs, manufactured
lasts, finished or rough
laths, per 1,000 pieces
lumber, as follows:
sawed boards, plank, deals, and
other lumber of hemlock,
whitewood, sycamore, and
bass wood
$2 per 1,000 pieces
= per
1,000
pieces
084
= per
$1.50 per 1,000 pieces
1,000
063
piec es
20 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
35 per cent.
|||
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
= per
1,000
pieces
0 07/2
15 cts.
per 1,000 ft. board
measure
{
= per
}
1,000 0 4 2
saft.pa buay
mling 20 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
1

328
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Wood, lumber-continued.
all other varieties of rough $2 per 1,000 ft. board
sawed lumber*
PROVIDED, that when lumber of
any sort is planed or finished,
in addition to the rates herein
provided, there shall be levied
and paid, for each side so
planed or finished, 50 cts. per
1,000 ft.; and if planed on
one side and tongued and
grooved, $1 per 1,000 ft.;
and if planed on two sides
and tongued and grooved,
$1.50 per 1,000 ft.
,,pickets and palings, rough
manufactured
"
29
"
pulp, dried in sheets
pulp for paper manufacture
rafts of logs
shingle-bolts
shingles
❞ ship-planking
""
shooks, not otherwise provided for
shooks, exported and returned as
barrels or boxes empty or cover-
winging importations, admitted under
do regulations
"
spars
spokes for wheels
stave-bolts, including heading-bolts
staves for pipes, hogsheads, and
other casks
other, undressed
measure
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
= per
1,000
ft.
S. d.
084
£
}
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
35 cts. per 1,000
= per
1,000
}
0 1 5/1/20
| |
35 per cent.
Free.
35 per cent.

Free.
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
Free.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
"
timber, hewn or sawed, not other-
wise provided for
20 per cent.
", sugar-box shooks, and packing
boxes not otherwise provided
for
railroad ties of
1
| | |
20 per cent.
35 per cent.
10 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
20 per cent.
* Red Sanders wood from beyond the Cape of Good Hope imported from London, liable to 10 per cent. duty.

329
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
Wood, squared or sided, not otherwise.
= per
provided for
1 ct. per cubic foot.
cubic
foot
0 0 01/2
used in building wharves
20 per cent.
>>
>>
unmanufactured,
provided for
Wood's patent dry or boiler felt
Woods, bar, in sticks
Woods, box, cedar, ebony, granadilla,
lignum-vitæ, lance, mahogany,
not otherwise
20 per cent.
30 per cent.
Free.
1111
1
1
1
20 per cent.
111
111
1111
111111
rose, satin, and all cabinet
woods, unmanufactured
Free.
Brazil, brazilletto, and all other
dyewoods, in sticks
Free.
Campeachy, in sticks
Free.
>>
>>
**
>>
log, in sticks
>>
>>
camwood, in sticks
cabinet wood)
ebony, green, a dye
fustic, in sticks
manufactures of, not otherwise
provided for, of cedar-wood,
granadilla, ebony, mahogany,
rose-wood, and satin-wood
Nicaragua, in sticks
poplar and other woods for the
manufacture of paper -
Free.
cedar, Spanish, so-called (not
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
quassia
red
sandal
""
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Free.
Wool, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other
like animals, unmanufactured, unscoured,
and unwashed, shall be divided, for the
purpose of fixing the duties, into three
classes,--
CLASS 1.-Clothing wools, viz.:-
Merino, mestiza, metz, metis, or other
wools of any merino blood, down
clothing wools, and wools of like
character with any of the above
(including all wools not described.
or designated in Classes 2 and 3).
1900
35 per cent.
| | | |

330
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
Wool, hair of the alpaca, &c.-continued.
CLASS 2.-Combing wools, viz. :—
Leicester, Cotswold, Lincolnshire,
Down combing, Canada long wools,
or other like combing wools of
English blood, usually known by
these terms, and all hair of the
alpaca, goat, and other like animals,
Value at the last port or place
whence exported to the United
States, excluding charges in
such port, 32 cts. or less per
lb.*
exceeding 32 cts. per lb.
CLASS 3.-Carpet wools, and all other
similar wools, such as Donskoi,
Eng native South American, Cordova,
Valparaiso, native Smyrna, and
others of like character, the value
whereof at the last port or place
whence exported to the United
States, excluding charges in such
port, shall be 12 cts. or less per lb.*
exceeding 12 cts. per lb.
PROVIDED, if the above be im-
ported other than in the
ordinary condition, or mixed
with dirt, &c., to evade the
duty, they shall pay twice
the amount they would be
otherwise subjected to.
PROVIDED, further, when wool
is imported of
different
qualities in same package,
10 cts. per lb. and
11 per cent.
12 cts. per lb. and
10 per cent.
2 1 8 +11 per cent.
2 10 0 +10 per cent.
}
= per
100 lbs.
}
}
- per
100 lbs.
}
{
= per l
100 lbs.
0 12 6
6 cts. per lb.
{
per
100 lbs.
1 5 0
3 cts. per lb.
*****

* "The commissions, &c., required to be included by section 9, Act of July 28, 1866, in the dutiable value of imported
" merchandise, are to be included in the dutiable value of wool, but excluded in determining the classification or rate of duty
"under the above Act. This view was taken by Department's decision of September 21, 1869, which held that the above words,
« ‹ excluding charges in such port,' have reference only to determining the rate of duty to which imported wools are liable, and do
"not exclude such charges from entering into and forming part of their dutiable value." See also Dept. decision of April 9, 1868,
as to inclusion of the packing or bailing of Cordova wool in hide covers, in ascertaining the dutiable value.
The per-centage of allowance for increase of weight of wool should be ascertained by the appraisers and reported to collector in
the same manner as estimates of damage.

331
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Wool, hair of the alpaca, &c.-continued.
it is appraised at the ave-
rage aggregate value; when
invoiced at the same price,
whereby the average price
shall be reduced more than
10 per cent. below the value
of the bale of the best
quality, the whole appraised
according to best quality;
and no package shall be
liable to a less rate in conse-
quence of being invoiced
with wool of lower value.
PROVIDED, further, that wool
of Class 1, imported washed,
shall be twice the amount
of duty as when imported.
unwashed, and that wool of
all Classes imported scoured
shall be three times the
amount of duty as when
imported unwashed.
"noils, being short pieces and knots
of wool, classed as wool.
>>
Same, fine, imported in the
oily state, dutiable
washed wools.
as
Same, of coarse wool, as
washed wools of the 3rd class
*
on the skin, same rate as on other
wools.
£ s. d.
qe malloo
* "The wool should be properly classified for duty according to its grade by the standard samples, and that the skins be also
"entered for duty under the proper classification."
Duty on wool is according to class and value as a distinct article, and the skins to a separate duty of 10 per centum ad valorem.
The proper way to ascertain the allowance to be made for the pelts is by pulling (not shearing) the wool from the skins, for the
purpose of estimating the correct weight of the same.
The following rules for estimating the weight of the following wools on skins, being deduced from several careful experiments
made under the instructions of this Department will be adopted at the several ports, to wit:
Those imported from the Cape of Good Hope.
4-pound skins, 59 per cent. wool; 43-pound skins, 60 per cent. wool; 5-pound skins, 61 per cent. wool; 5-pound skins, 62 per
cent. wool; 6-pound skins, 63 per cent. wool.
Those imported from South America.
3-pound skins, 71 per cent. wool; 3-pound skins, 72 per cent. wool; 4-pound skins, 72 per cent. wool; 44-pound skins, 73 per
cent. wool; 5-pound skins, 74 per cent. wool; 5-pound skins, 75 per cent. wool; 6-pound skins, 76 per cent. wool; 6½-pound
skins, 77 per cent. wool; 7-pound skins, 78 per cent. wool; 7-pound skins, 78 per cent. wool; 8-pound skins, 79 per cent.
wool.

332
N

but we imme
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
Value.
B.
Wool pickings
Woollens and manufactures of wool, as
follows:-
All manufactures wholly or partially
of wool, not otherwise provided
for
Woollen bags
Balmoral skirts and skirting and
goods of similar description, or
used for like purposes, wholly
or in part of wool, worsted,
hair of alpaca, goat, or other
like animals, made up or manu-
factured wholly or in part by
the tailor, seamstress, or manu-
facturer
balmorals, wholly or in part of
wool, worsted, hair of the
alpaca, goat, or other like
animals :-
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
£
S. d.
{
10 cts. per lb. and
11 per cent.
}
= per
100 lbs.
2 1 8
+11 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
家
​}
= per
per lb.
0 2 1
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
valued at not over 40 cts. 20 cts. per lb. and
per lb.
valued at above 40 cts.
and not above 60 cts.
per lb.
valued at above 60 cts.
per lb. and not above
80 cts. per lb.
valued at above 80 cts. per
lb.
bedsides (carpeting) are subject
foto the rate of duty imposed on
carpets or carpeting of like
character or description.
*beltings, bindings, braids, but-
tons or barrel buttons, or but-
tons of other forms for tassels
or ornaments, wholly or partly
of wool, worsted, or mohair
}
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
}
= per lb.
0 1 3 + 35 per cent.
}
= per lb. 0
}
= per lb.
021 + 35 per cent.
18
0 1 8 + 35 per cent.
}
per lb.
lb. 0 2 1+ 50 per cent.
* This includes braids of cotton and worsted, and galloons and fringes of mohair and bugles, and gimps or trimmings of worsted
and beads, and dress trimmings of worsted and beads.

333
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Woollen belts, endless, or felts, for paper 20 cts. per lb. and
or printing machines
blankets, wholly or partly of wool,
worsted, the hair of the alpaca,
goat, or other like animal :-
valued at not over 40 cts. per
lb.
valued at over 40 cts. and
not
lb.
over 60 cts. per
valued at over 60 cts. and
not over 80 cts. per lb.
}
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
0 0 10
£ S. d.
+ 35 per cent.
}
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
30 cts.per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
0 13
+35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
= per lb.
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
í
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
bunion or corn plasters of wool
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
bunting
20 cts. per sq. yd.
and 35 per cent.
per lb.
per lb.
per sq.
yd.
0 18 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
calf hair and cotton paddings, so
called
1
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1
+ 35 per cent,
""
99
card cloth
Cardigan jackets, cuffs, &c.,
wholly or partly of wool
carpets, carpeting, and covers for,
of wool or cotton, or of parts
of either, or flax or other ma-
terials, not otherwise specified
cassimere
cloth gloves or mitts
clothing, ready made and wear-
ing apparel of every descrip-
slation, wholly or partly of wool,
worsted, the hair of the alpaca,
goat, or other like animals, ex-
cept knit goods
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 per cent.
f 50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
}
nd}
{
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 21+ 35 per cent.
40 per cent.
per lb.
= per lb.
b.
o
0 21+ 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1+ 40 per cent.
334
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
}
}
}
per lb.
per lb.
= per lb.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan- Upon declared
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
0 2 1
Value.
B.
+ 35 per cent.
0 21+ 50 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
Woollen cloths*
cords, and cords and tassels,
wholly or partly of wool, wor-
sted, or mohair
covers, embroidered
dress goods, women's and chil-
dren's, and real or imitation
Italian cloths, wholly or partly
of wool, worsted, the hair of
the alpaca, goat, or other like
animals, as follows:
A
valued at not over 60 cts.
per sq. yard
valued higher
PROVIDED, that on all
goods weighing four
ounces or over per sq.
yd. the duty shall be
Jeg no dress trimmings, wholly or partly
of wool, worsted, or mohair
""
embroidered or tamboured
flannels, value not over 40 cts.
per lb.
valued at over 40 cts. and not
over 60 cts. per lb.-
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
6 cts. per sq. yd. and
35 per cent.
8 cts. per sq. yd. and {
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. andį
35 per cent.
ارند.
per
sq. yd.
per
sq. yd. Ì
= per lb.
0 0 3 + 35 per cent.
004 + 40 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
02 14 50
+ 50 per cent.
= per
per lb.
per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
per lb.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
per lb.
0 1 3 + 35 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.

* “ Classification of certain Imitation Astrakhan Cloths, Seal Skin Cloakings, and similar Goods.—The materials of which certain
railway rugs, imitation Astrakhan cloth, seal skin cloakings, and other similar goods, are composed, manufactured partly of hair,
having been found to be so blended that it was impracticable to determine by an examination whether said goods contained any
wool or worsted, or wool or worsted waste, the Department decided that they should be classified as a manufacture of wool, under
the second clause of section 2, Act March 2, 1867, except in cases where the invoice is accompanied by a certificate from the manu-
facturer of the goods in the following form, viz. :
"CERTIFICATE.
in the United States, per ship
"It is hereby certified, that all of the goods described in the accompanying invoices, of the value of £
for shipment to the port of
delivered to
were manufactured by the undersigned at his
works at ; that they are all made wholly of cow hair, calf hair, cotton, and vegetable fibres, and contain no wool or worsted,
or wool or worsted waste, either new or old, or shoddy.
"This certificate, duly sworn to before an officer competent to administer oaths, whose capacity to act is attested by a United
States consul, should be attached to the invoice to which it refers by seal and ribbon, may be accepted as proof of the character
of the goods, and upon production of such certificate they may be classified as manufactures of hair and cotton, dutiable at 35 per
centum ad valorum."

335
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Woollen flannels-continued.
**
valued at over 60 and not over
80 cts. per lb.
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
flocks, mungo, shoddy, or waste -
pulverised
foot muffs, of dressed sheep's
skin, with wool on and leather
fringes, wholly or partly of wool,
worsted, or mohair
galloons and gimps, wholly or
partly of wool, worsted, or mo-
hair
gun-wads, other than sporting,
partly of wool or wool waste,
of any merchantable value
same, wool of no merchantable
value
gun-wads, sporting
hassocks, as the carpeting of which
they are made.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
12 cts. per lb.
12 cts. per lb.
£ s.
d.
per lb.
0 1
18
+35 per cent.
per lb.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 6
per lb.
0 0 6
{50
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
0 2 1
+50 per cent.
}
= per lb.
0 21
+ 50 per cent.
= per lb.
02 1
+35 per cent.
=
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
...
>>
valued at over 40, and not over 30 cts. per lb. and
60 cts. per lb.
valued at over 60 and not over 40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
hats, of wool, valued at not over
40 cts. per lb.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
per lb.
0 0 10 +35 per cent.
1
35 per cent.
= per lb.
01 3
+35 per cent.
Tessing
80 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 1 8 +35 per cent.
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
0 2 1
+35 per cent.
{
}
= per lb.
0 2 1
}
= per lb.
1 +50 per cent.
0 21 +40 per cent.
Der roth bak
valued at over 80 cts. per lb. -
head nets, wholly or partly of
wool, worsted, or mohair
hosiery, knit, as knit goods.
**
wholly or partly of wool,
and made on frames
Italian cloths, real or imitation,
as dress goods.
knit goods, wholly or partly of
wool, worsted, the hair of the
alpaca, goat, or other like
animals:-
valued at not over 40 cts.
per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per
per lb.
lb. 0 0 10
0 10 + 35 per cent.
cent.

336
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
Woollen knit goods-continued.
99
99
99
99
99
99
""
""
valued at over 40 cts, and
not over 60 cts. per lb.
valued at over 60 cts. and
not over 80 cts, per lb.
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
listings -
Markwick's spongiopiline, of wool
mats, rugs, and screens are sub-
ject to the rate of duty im-
posed on carpets or carpeting of
like character or description.
mitts, knit. See Knit Goods,
above.
others, wholly or partly of
wool, and made on frames
padding of wool
piano and table covers, of wool,
embroidered on the borders
with silk, classified as woollen
manufactures
plush
plush blankets or "railway rugs
poplins, part wool, worsted, or
mohair, as dress goods, viz. :-
valued at not over 20 cts. per
sq. yard-
rags
valued at over 20 cts. per sq.
yard
on all goods weighing 4 ozs.
and over per sq. yard
shawls
same, of wool, worsted, and silk,
embroidered
shoes, of wool, or partly of wool -
£ s. d.
013 + 35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and\
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
= per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 18+ 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
021 + 35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent,
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.

50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
021
+ 35 per cent.
6 cts. per sq. yd. and Į
35 per cent.
= per
sq. yd.
= per
0 0 3 + 35 per cent.
+ 40 per cent.
0
2
1
+ 35 per cent.
lb.
0
2
1
+ 35 per cent.
= per lb.
021
+ 40 per cent.
per lb. 0 2 1
+ 40 per
cent.
8 cts. per sq. yd. and
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
12 cts. per lb.
[ 50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
sq. yd. J
= per
per lb.
= per lb.
= per
per lb.
0 0 4
0 0 6
337
*

Woollen, slipper patterns, of wool
vestings -
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
£ s. d.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
per lb.
= per lb.
per lb.
= per lb.
vests, wholly or partly of wool,
worsted, alpaca, or goat hair
webbings
yarns, woollen and worsted :-
valued at not over 40 cts. per
lb.
valued over 40 cts. and not over
60 cts. per lb.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
valued over 60 cts. and not over 40 cts. per lb. and
80 cts. per lb.
valued over 80 cts. per lb.
Works of Art, imported specially for
presentation to national institutions, or
to any state, or to any municipal corpora-
tion
Wormgut
Wormseed, Levant
*Worsted, all manufactures wholly or
partly of, or of the hair of the
alpaca, goat, or other like ani-
mals, not part wool, and not
otherwise provided for, as fol-
lows:-
>>
valued at not over 40 cts. per
lb.
valued at over 40 cts. and
not over 60 cts. per lb.
valued at over 60 cts. and
not over 80 cts. per lb.
valued at over 80 cts. per lb.
and cotton braids, for boot and
shoe straps, chiefly cotton, as
manufactures partly of worsted.
See above.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
Free.
Free.
Free.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
}
per lb.
021 50 per cent.
0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
0 1 3 + 35 per cent,
0 1 8 +35 per cent.
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
| | |
J

0 0 10 + 35 per cent.
01 3
= per lb.
= per
per lb.
= per lb.
= per lb.
+ 35 per cent.
0 1 8
+ 35 per cent.
0 2 1
+ 35 per cent.
**Worsted being a distinct article, known in commerce under that name, worsted shawls with cotton borders, and suspenders
with cotton ends, are not liable to be rated for duties as manufactures of wool."
36247.
:
Y
338
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Worsted and cotton reps, as manufactures
of worsted. See ante.
lastings partly worsted, and not
any wool, as manufactures of
worsted. See ante.
mohair serges for lining coats.
as manufactures of worsted.
See ante.
serges, part worsted and not part
wool, as manufactures of worsted.
See ante.
reps, plain and fancy, partly of,
as manufactures of worsted.
See ante.
umbrella cloths, as manufactures
""
of worsted.
See ante.
and cotton trimmings
and cotton twills, rainbow stripe,
printed, as woollen dress
goods. [See page 334.]
caps, comforters, &c., made on
frames, not otherwise provided
for
clothing, ready made
knit goods, as woollen knit
goods. [See page 335.]
lace for dress trimmings
lace shawls
Llama points
shawls, or of alpaca or goat hair -
Shetland shawls
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s. d.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
..::
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 50 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1 + 40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
= per lb.
0 2 1
+ 40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
per lb.
0
2 1
+ 40 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
40 per cent.
per
lb.
0 2 1
+ 40 per cent,

339
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan.
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£ s.
d.
4
}
= per lb.
021 50 per cent.
Worsted webbings, beltings, bindings,
braids, galloons, fringes, gimps,
cords, cords and tassels, dress
trimmings, head nets, buttons
or barrel buttons, or buttons of
other forms, for tassels or or-
naments, wholly or partly of
wool, worsted, or mohair*
women's dress goods, &c., as Wool-
len dress goods. [See page 334.]
Wrecks, merchandize recovered from,
sunk in United States waters two years
and abandoned by owners, may be brought
into the nearest port under regulations,
free of duty, and without making entry.
Writing desks, according to material.
50 cts. per lb. and
50 per cent.
X.
Xylonite or xylotile
"9
partially manufactured, as knife
handles
Y.
Yams
Yarn, carpet, of wool waste, cows' hair,
&c., as woollen yarn [See page
337.]
coir
**
cotton, as cotton thread.
""
邃
​Free.
1
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
on spools, arranged to con-
stitute warp
35 per cent.
cow and calf hair
20 per cent.
flax and jute, flax chief value†
40 per cent.
flax
40 per cent.
}
1
35 per cent.
20 per cent.

40 per cent.
40 per cent.
*This includes braids of cotton and worsted, and galloons and fringes of mohair and bugles, and gimps or trimmings of worsted
and beads, and dress-trimmings of worsted and beads.
"Yarn is a single thread more or less twisted, and used for warp or weft in manufacture, when, by the packing of the loom
"it is held together without much twisting, and answers too a better purpose than twine.”
"Twine is a double and retwisted thread. Sometimes the manufacturer will designate a poor and slightly twisted twine as yaru,
“because not fit for the purposes for which twine is used, and only fit for the purposes for which yarn is used, this, however, does
"not make it ' yarn.””

*
Y 2
340

ریت
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan-
tities.
A.
Upon declared
Value.
B.
£
s. d.
Yarn, hemp
5 cts. per lb.
= per lb.
0 0
21
2호
​jute
25 per cent.
25 per cent.
flax or linen, for carpets, not ex-
ceeding No. 8 Lea-
valued at 24 cts. or less per lb.
30 per cent.
30 per cent.
flax or linen-
valued at above 24 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
35 per cent.
silk
99
60 per cent.
60 per cent.
tow of flax
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
woollen and worsted-
99
valued at 40 cts. or less
per
lb.
20 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 0 10 +35 per cent.
valued above 40 cts. and not
above 60 cts. per lb.
valued above 60 cts. and not
above 80 cts. per lb.
valued above 80 cts. per lb.
Yarns, not otherwise provided for
Yeast cakes
Yellow berries
30 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 1 3 +35 per cent.
"
crystals, so styled, manufactured
from naphthaline
{
metal. See note to Sheating Metal.
ochre, dry
ochre, ground in oil
99
salt of chrome
spirits
20 per cent.
Free.
Free.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
50 cts. per 100 lbs.
$1.50 per 100 lbs.
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
}
per lb.
= per lb.
per
100lbs.
= per
100lbs.
1 1
0 2 1 + 35 per cent.
20 per cent.
0 2 1 +35 per cent.
0 0 11
0 2 1
063
| |
20 per cent.
20 per cent.
40 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
50 cts. per lb. and
35 per cent.
= per lb.
0 1 8 +35 per cent.
per lb.
Z.
Zaffer
Zante currants
Zinc, acetate, or pyrolignate of
corrugated -
27
manufactured in blocks or pigs
Free.
1 ct. per lb.
25 cts. per lb.
35 per cent.
|| ||
per lb.
per lb.
01 02
35 per cent.

per
12 ct. per lb.
0
100 lbs.
6 31
7
0 0
per ton
*"Jute yarn in balls reported by appraisers, that said article was commercially known as twine, bought, sold, and used as such,
liable to duty as twine."-See footnote to twine.
341

old and fit only to be re-manufactured
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Zinc, in sheets
manufactures of
Rate of Duty
according to the
American Official Tariff.
Duty charged in English
Currency.
Upon Quan.
tities.
A.
£ S. d.
09 41
10 10 0
Upon declared
Value.
B.
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
per
24 cts. per lb.
100 lbs.
-per ton
35 per cent.
20 per cent.
99
oxide of, dry or ground in oil
12 cts. per lb.
= per
100lbs. J
0731
oxide of, medicinal preparation
sheating metal
sulphate of
valerianate of, medicinal preparation
40 per cent.
40 per cent.
3 cts. per lb.
per lb.
0 0 1/1/2
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
| |
20 per cent.
40 per cent.
Zwetschenwasser, spirituous liquor
$2 per proof gall.
= per
pf. gall.
0 8 4

#
342
THE PATENT LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, PASSED
JULY 8, 1870, WITH REVISED STATUTES APPROVED BY CONGRESS,
JUNE 22, 1874, AND RULES OF PRACTICE, IN THE UNITED STATES
PATENT OFFICE, DATED 1st APRIL 1875, IN ACCORDANCE WITH
THE AMENDED LAWS RELATING TO PATENTS, AND TRADE MARKS.
AN ACT to revise, consolidate, and amend the Statutes relating to Patents and
Copyrights.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled: That there shall be attached to the Department of the
Interior the office, heretofore established, known as the Patent Office, wherein all records,
books, models, drawings, specifications, and other papers and things pertaining to patents
shall be safely kept and preserved.
OFFICERS, SALARIES, AND SURETIES.
SFC. 2. And be it further enacted, That the officers and employés of said office shall
continue to be one Commissioner of Patents, one Assistant Commissioner, and three
examiners-in-chief, to be appointed by the President, and by and with the advice and
consent of the Senate; one chief clerk, one examiner in charge of interferences, twenty-
two principal examiners, twenty-two first-assistant examiners, twenty-two second-assistant
examiners, one librarian, one machinist, five clerks of class four, six clerks of class three,
fifty clerks of class two, forty-five clerks of class one, and one messenger and purchasing
clerk, all of whom shall be appointed by the Secretary of the Interior, upon nomination of
the Commissioner of Patents.
SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Interior may also appoint,
upon like nomination, such additional clerks of classes two and one, and of lower grades,
copyists of drawings, female copyists, skilled laborers, laborers, and watchmen, as may be
from time to time appropriated for by Congress.
SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That the annual salaries of the officers and employés
of the Patent Office shall be as follows:
Of the Commissioner of Patents, four thousand five hundred dollars.
Of the Assistant Commissioner, three thousand dollars.
Of the examiners-in-chief, three thousand dollars each.
Of the chief clerk, two thousand five hundred dollars.
Of the examiner in charge of interferences, two thousand five hundred dollars.
Of the principal examiners, two thousand five hundred dollars each.
Of the first assistant examiners, one thousand eight hundred dollars each.
Of the second assistant examiners, one thousand six hundred dollars each.
Of the librarian, one thousand eight hundred dollars.
Of the machinist, one thousand six hundred dollars.
Of the clerks of class four, one thousand eight hundred dollars each.
Of the clerks of class three, one thousand six hundred dollars each.
Of the clerks of class two, one thousand four hundred dollars each.
Of the clerks of class one, one thousand two hundred dollars each.
Of the messenger and purchasing clerk, one thousand dollars.
Of laborers and watchmen, seven hundred and twenty dollars each.
Of the additional clerks, copyists of drawings, female copyists, and skilled laborers,
such rates as may be fixed by the acts making appropriations for them.

343
SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That all officers and employés of the Patent Office
shall, before entering upon their duties, make oath for affirmation truly and faithfully to
execute the trusts committed to them.
SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner and chief clerk, before
entering upon their duties, shall severally give bond, with sureties, to the Treasurer of the
United States, the former in the sum of ten thousand dollars, and the latter in the sum of
five thousand dollars, conditioned for the faithful discharge of their duties, and that they
will render to the proper officers of the Treasury a true account of all money received by
virtue of their office.
DUTIES OF COMMISSIONER, AND OTHERS.
SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the Commissioner, under
the direction of the Secretary of the Interior, to superintend or perform all the duties
respecting the granting and issuing of patents which herein are, or may hereafter be, by
law directed to be done; and he shall have charge of all books, records, papers, models,
machines, and other things belonging to said office.
SEC. 8. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner may send and receive by
mail, free of postage, letters, printed matter, and packages relating to the business of his
office, including Patent Office reports.
SEC. 9. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner shall lay before Congress, in
the month of January, annually, a report giving a detailed statement of all moneys.
received for patents, for copies of records or drawings, or from any other source whatever;
a detailed statement of all expenditures for contingent and miscellaneous expenses; a list
of all patents which were granted during the preceding year, designating under proper
heads the subjects of such patents; an alphabetical list of the patentees with their places
of residence; a list of all patents which have extended during the year; and such other
information of the condition of the Patent Office as may be useful to Congress or the
public.
EXAMINERS-IN-CHIEF.
SEC. 10. And be it further enacted, That the examiners-in-chief shall be persons of com-
petent legal knowledge and scientific ability, whose duty it shall be, on the written petition
of the appellant, to revise and determine upon the validity of the adverse decisions of
examiners upon applications for patents, and for re-issues of patents, and in interference.
cases; and when required by the Commissioner, they shall hear and report upon claims
for extensions, and perform such other like duties as he may assign them.
SEC. 11. And be it further enacted, That in case of the death, resignation, absence,
or sickness of the Commissioner, his duties shall devolve upon the Assistant Commissioner
until a successor shall be appointed, or such absence or sickness shall cease.
SEC. 12. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner shall cause a seal to be
provided for said office, with such device as the President may approve, with which all
records or papers issued from said office, to be used in evidence, shall be authenticated.

MODELS.
SEC. 13. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner shall cause to be classified
and arranged in suitable cases, in the rooms and galleries provided for that purpose, the
models, specimens of composition, fabrics, manufactures, works of art, and designs, which
have been or shall be deposited in said office; and said rooms and galleries shall be kept
open during suitable hours for public inspection.
SEC. 14. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner may restore to the respec-
tive applicants such of the models belonging to rejected applications as he shall not think

344
necessary to be preserved, or he may sell or otherwise dispose of them after the application
has been finally rejected for one year, paying the proceeds into the Treasury, as other patent
moneys are directed to be paid.
SEC. 15. And be it further enacted, That there shall be purchased, for the use of said
office, a library of such scientific works and periodicals, both foreign and American, as may
aid the officers in the discharge of their duties, not exceeding the amount annually appro-
priated by Congress for that purpose.
OFFICERS AND EMPLOYÉS NOT TO HOLD PATENTS.
SEC. 16. And be it further enacted, That all officers and employés of the Patent Office
shall be incapable during the period for which they shall hold their appointments, to
acquire or take, directly or indirectly, except by inheritance or bequest, any right or interest
in any patent issued by said office.
SEC. 17. And be it further enacted, That for gross misconduct the Commissioner may
refuse to recognize any person as a patent agent, either generally or in any particular case;
but the reasons for such refusal shall be duly recorded, and be subject to the approval of
the Secretary of the Interior.
SEC. 18. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner may require all papers filed
in the Patent Office, if not correctly, legibly, and clearly written, to be printed at the cost
of the party filing them.
SEC. 19. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner, subject to the approval of
the Secretary of the Interior, may from time to time establish rules and regulations, not
inconsistent with law, for the conduct of proceedings in the Patent Office.
PATENTS.
SEC. 20. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner may print or cause to be
printed copies of the specifications of all letters patent, and of the drawings of the same,
and copies of the claims of current issues, and copies of such laws, decisions, rules,
regulations, and circulars as may be necessary for the information of the public.
SEC. 21. And be it further enacted, That all patents shall be issued in the name of the
United States of America, under the seal of the Patent Office, and shall be signed by the
Secretary of the Interior and countersigned by the Commissioner, and they shall be
recorded, together with the specification, in said office, in books to be kept for that
purpose.
SEC. 22. And be it further enacted, That every patent shall contain a short title or
description of the invention or discovery, correctly indicating its nature and design, and a
grant to the patentee, his heirs or assigns, for the term of seventeen years, of the
exclusive right to make, use, and vend the said invention or discovery throughout the
United States and the Territories thereof, referring to the specification for the particulars
thereof; and a copy of said specifications and of the drawings shall be annexed to the
patent and be a part thereof.
DATE OF PATENTS.
SEC. 23. And be it further enacted, That every patent shall date as of a day not later
than six months from the time at which it was passed and allowed, and notice thereof was
sent to the applicant or his agent; and if the final fee shall not be paid within that
period, the patent shall be withheld.
WHAT MAY BE PATENTED.


SEC. 24. And be it further enacted, That any person who has invented or discovered
any new and useful art, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and
345
useful improvement thereof, not known or used by others in this country, and not
patented or described in any printed publication in this or in any foreign country, before
his invention or discovery thereof, and not in public use or on sale for more than two
years prior to his application, unless the same is proved to have been abandoned, may,
upon payment of the duty required by law, and other due proceedings had, obtain a patent
therefor.
FOREIGN INVENTIONS MAY BE PATENTED.
SEC. 25. And be it further enacted, That no person shall be debarred from receiving a
patent for his invention or discovery, nor shall any patent be declared invalid, by reason
of its having been first patented or caused to be patented in a foreign country; provided.
the same shall not have been introduced into public use in the United States for more
than two years prior to the application, and that the patent shall expire at the same time
with. the foreign patent, or, if there be more than one, at the same time with the one
having the shortest term; but in no case shall it be in force more than seventeen years.
DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATION.
*
SEC. 26. And be it further enacted, That before any inventor or discoverer shall
receive a patent for his invention or discovery, he shall make application therefor, in
writing, to the Commissioner, and shall file in the Patent Office a written description of
the same, and of the manner and process of making, constructing, compounding, and
using it, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the
art or science to which it appertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make,
construct, compound, and use the same; and in case of a machine, he shall explain the
principle thereof, and the best mode in which he has contemplated applying that principle
so as to distinguish it from other inventions; and he shall particularly point out and
distinctly claim the part, improvement, or combination which he claims as his invention.
or discovery; and said specification and claim shall be signed by the inventor and
attested by two witnesses.
DRAWINGS.
SEC. 27. And be it further enacted, That when the nature of the case admits of draw-
ings, the applicant shall furnish one copy signed by the inventor or his attorney in fact,
and attested by two witnesses, which shall be filed in the Patent Office; and a copy of
said drawings, to be furnished by the Patent Office, shall be attached to the patent as a
part of the specification.
COMPOSITIONS.

SEC. 28. And be it further enacted, That when the invention or discovery is of a
composition of matter, the applicant, if required by the Commissioner, shall furnish
specimens of ingredients and of the composition, sufficient in quantity for the purpose
of experiment.
MODELS.
SEC. 29. And be it further enacted, That in all cases which admit of representation
by model, the applicant, if required by the Commissioner, shall furnish one of convenient.
size to exhibit advantageously the several parts of his invention or discovery.
OATH OF INVENTION.
SEC. 30. And be it further enacted, That the applicant shall make oath or affirmation
that he does verily believe himself to be the original and first inventor or discoverer
of the art, machine, manufacture, composition, or improvement for which he solicits u
346
patent; that he does not know and does not believe that the same was ever before known
or used; and shall state of what country he is a citizen. And said oath or affirmation
may be made before any person in the United States authorized by law to administer
oaths; or when the applicant resides in a foreign country, before any minister, chargé
d'affaires, consul, or commercial agent, holding commission under the government of
the United States, or before any notary public of the foreign country in which the
applicant may be.
OFFICIAL EXAMINATION.
SEC. 31. And be it further enacted, That on the filing of any such application and the
payment of the duty required by law, the Commissioner shall cause an examination to
be made of the alleged new invention or discovery; and if on such examination it shall
appear that the claimant is justly entitled to a patent under the law, and that the same
is sufficiently useful and important, the Commissioner shall issue a patent therefor.
COMPLETION OF APPLICATION.
SEC. 32. And be it further enacted, That all applications for patents shall be
completed and prepared for examination within two years after the filing of the petition,
and in default thereof, or upon failure of the applicant to prosecute the same within
two years after any action therein, of which notice shall have been given to the applicant,
they shall be regarded as abandoned by the parties thereto, unless it be shown to the
satisfaction of the Commissioner that such delay was unavoidable.
RIGHTS OF ASSIGNEES.
SEC. 33. And be it further enacted, That patents may be granted and issued or re-
issued to the assignee of the inventor or discoverer, the assignment thereof being first.
entered of record in the Patent Office; but in such case the application for the patent
shall be made and the specification sworn to by the inventor or discoverer; and also, if
he be living, in case of an application for reissue.
PATENTS AFTER DECEASE OF INVEntor.
SEC. 34. And be it further enacted, That when any person, having made any new
invention or discovery for which a patent might have been granted, dies before a patent
is granted, the right of applying for and obtaining the patent shall devolve on his
executor or administrator, in trust for the heirs at law of the deceased, in case he shall
have died intestate; or if he shall have left a will, disposing of the same, then in trust
for his devisees, in as full manner and on the same terms and conditions as the same
might have been claimed or enjoyed by him in his lifetime; and when the application
shall be made by such legal representatives, the oath or affirmation required to be made
shall be so varied in form that it can be made by them.
LAPSED AND REJECTED CASES.
SEC. 35. And be it further enacted, That any person who has an interest in an
invention or discovery, whether as inventor, discoverer, or assignee, for which a patent
was ordered to issue upon the payment of the final fee, but who has failed to make
payment thereof within six months from the time at which it was passed and allowed,
and notice thereof was sent to the applicant or his agent, shall have a right to make
an application for a patent for such invention or discovery the same as in the case of
an original application: provided, that the second application be made within two years
after the allowance of the original application. But no person shall be held responsible

347
in damages for the manufacture or use of any article or thing for which a patent, as
aforesaid, was ordered to issue, prior to the issue thereof: and provided further, that
when an application for a patent has been rejected or withdrawn, prior to the passage
of this Act, the applicant shall have six months from the date of such passage to renew
his application, or to file a new one; and if he omit to do either, his application shall
be held to have been abandoned. Upon the hearing of such renewed applications.
abandonment shall be considered as a question of fact.
ASSIGNMENTS, GRANTS, AND CONVEYANCES.
SEC. 36. And be it further enacted, That every patent or any interest therein shall be
assignable in law, by an instrument in writing; and the patentee or his assigns or legal
representatives may, in like manner, grant and convey an exclusive right under his patent
to the whole or any specified part of the United States; and said assignment, grant, or
conveyance shall be void as against any subsequent purchaser or mortgagee for a valuable
consideration, without notice, unless it is recorded in the Patent Office within three months
from the date thereof.
PURCHASERS' RIGHTS BEFORE PATENT.
SEC. 37. And be it further enacted, That every person who may have purchased of the
inventor, or with his knowledge and consent may have constructed any newly invented or
discovered machine, or other patentable article, prior to the application by the inventor or
discoverer for a patent, or sold or used one so constructed, shall have the right to use,
and vend to others to be used, the specific things so made or purchased, without liability
therefor.
PATENTED ARTICLES TO BE STAMPED.
SEC. 38. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of all patentees, and their
assigns and legal representatives, and of all persons making or vending any patented
article for or under them, to give sufficient notice to the public that the same is patented,
either by fixing thereon the word " patented," together with the day and year the patent
was granted; or when, from the character of the article, this can not be done, by fixing to
it or to the package wherein one or more of them is inclosed, a label containing the like
notice; and in any suit for infringement, by the party failing so to mark, no damages
shall be recovered by the plaintiff, except on proof that the defendant was duly notified
of the infringement, and continued, after such notice, to make, use, or vend the article so
patented.
PENALTY FOR FALSE MARKING.
SEC. 39. And be it further enacted, That if any person shall, in any manner, mark
upon any thing made, used, or sold by him for which he has not obtained a patent, the
name or any imitation of the name of any person who has obtained a patent therefor,
without the consent of such patentee, or his assigns or legal representatives; or shall in
any manner mark upon or affix to any such patented article the word "patent" or
patentee, " or the words "letters patent," or any word of like import, with intent to
imitate or counterfeit the mark or device of the patentee, without having the license or
consent of such patentee or his assigns or legal representatives; or shall in any manner
mark upon or affix to any unpatented article the word "patent," or any word importing
that the same is patented, for the purpose of deceiving the public, he shall be liable for
every such offence to a penalty of not less than one hundred dollars, with costs; one
moiety of said penalty to the person who shall sue for the same, and the other to the use
of the United States, to be recovered by suit in any district court of the United States
within whose jurisdiction such offence may have been committed.




348
CAVEATS.
SEC. 40. And be it further enacted, That any citizen of the United States, who shall
have made any new invention or discovery, and shall desire further time to mature the
same, may, on payment of the duty required by law, file in the Patent Office a caveat
setting forth the design thereof, and of its distinguishing characteristics, and praying
protection of his right until he shall have matured his invention; and such caveat shall
be filed in the confidential archives of the office and preserved in secrecy, and shall be
operative for the term of one year from the filing thereof; and if application shall be
made within the year by any other person for a patent with which such caveat would in
any manner interfere, the Commissioner shall deposit the description, specifications,
drawings, and model of such application in like manner in the confidential archives of the
office, and give notice thereof, by mail, to the person filing the caveat, who, if he would
avail himself of his caveat, shall file his description, specifications, drawings, and model
within three months from the time of placing said notice in the post office in Washington,
with the usual time required for transmitting it to the caveator added thereto, which time
shall be indorsed on the notice. And an alien shall have the privilege herein granted, if
he shall have resided in the United States one year next preceding the filing of his caveat,
and made oath of his intention to become a citizen.
REJECTIONS.
SEC. 41. And be it further enacted, That whenever, on examination, any claim for a
patent is rejected for any reason whatever, the Commissioner shall notify the applicant
thereof, giving him briefly the reasons for such rejections, together with such information
and references as may be useful in judging of the propriety of renewing his application or
of altering his specification; and if, after receiving such notice, the applicant shall persist
in his claim for a patent, with or without altering his specifications, the Commissioner
shall order a re-examination of the case.
INTERFERENCES.
SEC. 42. And be it further enacted, That whenever an application is made for a patent
which, in the opinion of the Commissioner, would interfere with any pending application
or with any unexpired patent, he shall give notice thereof to the applicants, or applicant
and patentee, as the case may be, and shall direct the primary examiner to proceed to
determine the question of priority of invention. And the Commissioner may issue a
patent to the party who shall be adjudged the prior inventor, unless the adverse party
shall appeal from the decision of the primary examiner, or of the board of examiners-in-
chief, as the case may be, within such time, not less than twenty days, as the Commissioner
shall prescribe.
AFFIDAVITS AND DEPOSITIONS.
SEC. 43. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner may establish rules for
taking affidavits and depositions required in cases pending in the Patent Office, and such
affidavits and depositions may be taken before any officer authorized by law to take
depositions to be used in the courts of the United States, or of the State where the officer
resides.
DUTY OF CLERK OF COurt.
SEC. 44. And be it further enacted, That the clerk of any court of the United States,
for any district or territory wherein testimony is to be taken for use in any contested case
pending in the Patent Office, shall, upon the application of any party thereto, or his agent
or attorney, issue subpoena for any witness residing or being within said district or
territory, commanding him to appear and testify before any officer in said district or
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territory authorized to take depositions and affidavits, at any time and place in the
subpoena stated; and if any witness, after being duly served with such subpoena, shall
neglect or refuse to appear, or after appearing shall refuse to testify, the judge of the court
whose clerk issued the subpoena may, on proof of such neglect or refusal, enforce obedience
to the process, or punish the disobedience as in other like cases.
FEES AND RIGHTS OF WITNESSES.
SEC. 45. And be it further enacted, That every witness duly subpoenaed and in atten-
dance shall be allowed the same fees as are allowed to witnesses attending the courts of
the United States, but no witness shall be required to attend at any place more than forty
miles from the place where the subpoena is served upon him, nor be deemed guilty of
contempt for disobeying such subpoena, unless his fees and travelling expenses in going to,
returning from, and one day's attendance at the place of examination, are paid or tendered
him at the time of the service of the subpoena; nor for refusing to disclose any secret
invention or discovery made or owned by himself.
APPEALS.
SEC. 46. And be it further enacted, That every applicant for a patent or the re-issue of a
patent, any of the claims of which have been twice rejected, and every party to an inter-
ference, may appeal from the decision of the primary examiner, or of the examiner in charge
of interference, in such case to the board of examiners-in-chief, having once paid the fee
for such appeal provided by law.
SEC. 47. And be it further enacted, That if such party is dissatisfied with the decision
of the examiners-in-chief, he may, on payment of the duty required by law, appeal to the
Commissioner in person.
SEC. 48. And be it further enacted, That if such party, except a party to an interference
is dissatisfied with the decision of the Commissioner, he may appeal to the Supreme Court
of the District of Columbia, sitting in banc.
SEC. 49. And be it further enacted, That when an appeal is taken to the Supreme Court
of the District of Columbia, the appellant shall give notice thereof to the Commissioner,
and file in the Patent Office, within such time as the Commissioner shall appoint, his reasons
of appeal, specifically set forth in writing.
SEC. 50. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of said court, on petition,
to hear and determine such appeal, and to revise the decision appealed from in a summary
way, on the evidence produced before the Commissioner, at such early and convenient
time as the court may appoint, notifying the Commissioner of the time and place of hearing;
and the revision shall be confined to the points set forth in the reasons of appeal. And
after hearing the case, the court shall return to the Commissioner a certificate of its pro-
ceedings and decision, which shall be entered of record in the Patent Office, and govern
the further proceedings in the case. But no opinion or decision of the court in any such
case shall preclude any person interested from the right to contest the validity of such
patent in any court wherein the same may be called in question.
SEC. 51. And be it further enacted, That on receiving notice of the time and place of
hearing such appeal, the Commissioner shall notify all parties who appear to be interested
therein, in such manner as the court may prescribe. The party appealing shall lay before
the court certified copies of all the original papers and evidence in the case, and the Com-
missioner shall furnish it with the grounds of his decision, fully set forth in writing, touching
all the points involved by the reasons of appeal. And at the request of any party inte-
rested, or of the court, the Commissioner and the examiners may be examined under oath,
in explanation of the principles of the machine or other thing for which a patent is
demanded.

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BILL IN EQUITY.
SEC. 52. And be it further enacted, That whenever a patent on application is refused,
for any reason whatever, either by the Commissioner or by the Supreme Court of the Dis-
trict of Columbia upon appeal from the Commissioner, the applicant may have remedy by
bill in equity; and the court having cognizance thereof, on notice to adverse parties and
other due proceedings had, may adjudge that such applicant is entitled, according to law,
to receive a patent for his invention, as specified in his claim, or for any part thereof, as
the facts in the case may appear. And such adjudication, if it be in favor of the right of
the applicant, shall authorize the Commissioner to issue such patent, on the application
filing in the Patent Office a copy of the adjudication, and otherwise complying with the
requisitions of law. And in all cases where there is no opposing party a copy of the bill
shall be served on the Commissioner, and all the expenses of the proceeding shall be paid
by the applicant, whether the final decision is in his favour or not.

RE-ISSUES.
SEC. 53. And be it further enacted, That whenever any patent is inoperative or invalid,
by reason of a defective or insufficient specification, or by reason of the patentee claiming
as his own invention or discovery more than he had a right to claim as new, if the error
has arisen by inadvertence, accident, or mistake, and without any fraudulent or deceptive
intention, the Commissioner shall, on the surrender of such patent and the payment of
the duty required by law, cause a new patent for the same invention, and in accordance
with the corrected specification, to be issued to the patentee, or, in the case of his death
or assignment of the whole or any undivided part of the original patent, to his executors,
administrators, or assigns, for the unexpired part of the term of the original patent, the
surrender of which shall take effect upon the issue of the amended patent; and the Com-
missioner may, in his discretion, cause several patents to be issued for distinct and separate
parts of the thing patented, upon demand of the applicant, and upon payment of the
And the specifications
required fee for a reissue for each of such re-issued letters patent.
and claim in every such case shall be subject to revision and restriction in the same
manner as original applications are. And the patent so re-issued, together with the cor-
rected specification, shall have the effect and operation in law, on the trial of all actions
for causes thereafter arising, as though the same had been originally filed in such corrected
forms; but no new matter shall be introduced into the specification, nor in case of a
machine patent shall the model or drawings be amended, except each by the other; but
when there is neither model nor drawing, amendments may be made upon proof satisfactory
to the Commissioner that such new matter or amendment was a part of the original
invention, and was omitted from the specification by inadvertence, accident, or mistake,
as aforesaid.
DISCLAIMERS.
SEC. 54. And be it further enacted, That whenever, through inadvertence, accident, or
mistake, and without any fraudulent or deceptive intention, a patentee has claimed more.
than that of which he was the original or first inventor or discoverer, his patent shall be
valid for all that part which is truly and justly his own, provided the same is a material or
substantial part of the thing patented; and any such patentee, his heirs, or assigns,
whether of the whole or any sectional interest therein, may, on payment of the duty
required by law, make disclaimer of such parts of the thing patented as he shall not choose
to claim or to hold by virtue of the patent or assignment, stating therein the extent of his
interest in such patent; said disclaimer shall be in writing, attested by one or more
witnesses, and recorded in the Patent Office, and it shall thereafter be considered as part
of the original specification to the extent of the interest possessed by the claimant and
by those claiming under him after the record thereof. But no such disclaimer shall

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affect any action pending at the time of its being filed, except so far as may relate to the
question of unreasonable neglect or delay in filing it.
INFRINGEMENT, SUITS FOR.
SEC. 55. And be it further enacted, That all actions, suits, controversies, and cases
arising under the patent laws of the United States shall be originally cognizable, as well
in equity as at law, by the circuit courts of the United States, or any district court having
the powers and jurisdiction of a circuit court, or by the Supreme Court of the District of
Columbia, or of any territory; and the court shall have power, upon bill in equity filed by
any party aggrieved, to grant injunctions according to the course and principles of courts
of equity, to prevent the violation of any right secured by patent, on such terms as the
court may deem reasonable; and upon a decree being rendered in any such case for an
infringement, the claimant shall be entitled to recover, in addition to the profits to be
accounted for by the defendant, the damages the complainant has sustained thereby, and
the court shall assess the same or cause the same to be assessed under its direction, and
the court shall have the same powers to increase the same in its discretion that are given
by this Act to increase the damages found by verdicts in actions upon the case; but all
actions shall be brought during the term for which the letters patent shall be granted or
extended, or within six years after the expiration thereof.

APPEALS TO SUPREME COURT.
SEC. 56. And be it further enacted, That a writ of error or appeal to the Supreme
Court of the United States shall lie from all judgments and decrees of any circuit court,
or of any district court exercising the jurisdiction of a circuit court, or of the Supreme
Court of the District of Columbia, or of any territory, in any action, suit, controversy,
or case, at law or in equity, touching patent rights, in the same manner and under the
same circumstances as in other judgments and decrees of such circuit courts, without
regard to the sum of value in controversy.
RECORD EVIDENCE.
SEC. 57. And be it further enacted, That written or printed copies of any records,
books, papers, or drawings belonging to the Patent Office, and of letters patent under the
signature of the Commissioner or Acting Commissioner, with the seal of office affixed,
shall be competent evidence in all cases wherein the originals could be evidence, and any
person making application therefor, and paying the fee required by law, shall have
certified copies thereof. And copies of the specifications and drawings of foreign letters.
patent, certified in like manner, shall be prima facie evidence of the fact of the granting
of such foreign letters patent, and of the date and contents thereof.

INTERFERENCE EQUITY PROCEEDINGS.

SEC. 58. And be it further enacted, That whenever there shall be interfering patents,
any person interested in any of such interfering patents, or in the working of the invention
claimed under either of such patents, may have relief against the interfering patentee,
and all parties interested under him, by suit in equity against the owners of the inter-
fering patent; and the court having cognizance thereof, as herein-before provided, or
notice to adverse parties, and other due proceedings had according to the course of equity,
may adjudge and declare either of the patents void in whole or in part, or inoperative, or
invalid in any particular part of the United States, according to the interest of the parties
in the patent or the invention patented. But no such judgment or adjudication shall
affect the rights of any person except the parties to the suit and those deriving title under
them subsequent to the rendition of such judgment.

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DAMAGES FOR INFRINGEMENT.
SEC. 59. And be it further enacted, That damages for the infringement of any patent
may be recovered by action on the case in any circuit court of the United States, or district
court exercising the jurisdiction of a circuit court, or in the Supreme Court of the District
of Columbia, or of any territory, in the name of the party interested, either as patentee,
assignee, or grantee. And whenever in any such action a verdict shall be rendered for
the plaintiff, the court may enter judgment thereon for any sum above the amount found
by the verdict as the usual damages sustained, according to the circumstances of the case,
not exceeding three times the amount of such verdict, together with the costs.
PART INFRINGEMENT, SUIT FOR.
SEC. 60. And be it further enacted, That whenever, through inadvertence, accident, or
mistake, and without any wilful default or intent to defraud or mislead the public, a
patentee shall have (in his specification) claimed to be the original and first inventor or
discoverer of any material or substantial part of the thing patented, of which he was not
the original and first inventor or discoverer as aforesaid, every such patentee, his
executors, administrators, and assigns, whether of the whole or any sectional interest in
the patent, may maintain a suit at law or in equity for the infringement of any part thereof
which was bona fide his own, provided it shall be a material and substantial part of the
thing patented, and be definitely distinguishable from the parts so claimed, without right
as aforesaid, notwithstanding the specifications may embrace more than that of which the
patentee was the original or first inventor or discoverer. But in every such case in which
a judgment or decree shall be rendered for the plaintiff, no costs shall be recovered unless
the proper disclaimer has been entered at the Patent Office before the commencement of
the suit; nor shall he be entitled to the benefits of this section if he shall have unreason-
ably neglected or delayed to enter said disclaimer.
PLEADINGS IN INFRINGEMENT.
SEC. 61. And be it further enacted, That in any action for infringement the defendant
may plead the general issue, and, having given notice in writing to the plaintiff or his
attorney, thirty days before, may prove on trial any one or more of the following special
matters:
First. That for the purpose of deceiving the public the description and specification
filed by the patentee in the Patent Office was made to contain less than the whole truth
relative to his invention or discovery, or more than is necessary to produce the desired
effect; or,
Second. That he had surreptitiously or unjustly obtained the patent for that which
was in fact invented by another, who was using reasonable diligence in adapting and
perfecting the same; or,
Third. That it has been patented or described in some printed publication prior to his
supposed invention or discovery thereof; or,
Fourth. That he was not the original and first inventor or discoverer of any material
and substantial part of the thing patented; or,
Fifth. That it had been in public use or on sale in this country for more than two
years before his application for a patent, or had been abandoned to the public.
And in notice as to proof of previous invention, knowledge, or use of the thing patented,
the defendant shall state the names of the patentees and the dates of their patents, and
when granted, and the names and residences of the persons alleged to have invented or
to have had the prior knowledge of the thing patented, and where and by whom it had
been used; and if any one or more of the special matters alleged shall be found for the
defendant, judgment shall be rendered for him with costs. And the like defences may



353
be pleaded in any suit in equity for relief against an alleged infringement; and proofs
of the same may be given upon like notice in the answer of the defendant, and with the
like effect.
PATENT NOT VOID BECAUSE KNOWN IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY.
SEC. 62. And be it further enacted, That whenever it shall appear that the patentee,
at the time of making his application for the patent, believed himself to be the original
and first inventor or discoverer of the thing patented, the same shall not be held to be
void on account of the invention or discovery, or any part thereof, having been known
or used in a foreign country, before his invention or discovery thereof, if it had not been
patented, or described in a printed publication.
EXTENSION OF PATENTS.
SEC. 63. And be it further enacted, That where the patentee of an invention or
discovery, the patent for which was granted prior to the second day of March, eighteen
hundred and sixty-one, shall desire an extension of his patent beyond the original term
of its limitation, he shall make application therefor, in writing, to the Commissioner,
setting forth the reason why such extension should be granted; and he shall also furnish
a written statement under oath of the ascertained value of the invention or discovery,
and of his receipts and expenditures on account thereof, sufficiently in detail to exhibit
a true and faithful account of the loss and profit in any manner accruing to him by
reason of said invention or discovery. And said application shall be filed not more than
six months nor less than ninety days before the expiration of the original term of the
patent, and no extension shall be granted after the expiration of said original term.
SEC. 64. And be it further enacted, That upon the receipt of such application, and
the payment of the duty required by law, the Commissioner shall cause to be published
in one newspaper in the city of Washington, and in such other papers published in the
section of the country most interested adversely to the extension of the patent as he may
deem proper, for at least sixty days prior to the day set for hearing the case, a notice of
such application, and of the time and place when and where the same will be considered,
that any person may appear and show cause why the extension should not be granted.
SEC. 65. And be it further enacted, That on the publication of such notice, the Com-
missioner shall refer the case to the principal examiner having charge of the class of
inventions to which it belongs, who shall make to said Commissioner a full report of the
case, and particularly whether the invention or discovery was new and patentable when
the original patent was granted.
SEC. 66. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner shall, at the time and
place designated in the published notice, hear and decide upon the evidence produced,
both for and against the extension; and if it shall appear to his satisfaction that the
patentee, without neglect or fault on his part, has failed to obtain from the use and sale
of his invention or discovery a reasonable remuneration for the time, ingenuity, and
expense bestowed upon it, and the introduction of it into use, and that it is just and
proper, having due regard to the public interest, that the term of the patent should be
extended, the said Commissioner shall make a certificate thereon, renewing and extending
the said patent for the term of seven years from the expiration of the first term, which
certificate shall be recorded in the Patent Office, and thereupon the said patent shall have
the same effect in law as though it had been originally granted for twenty-one years.
SEC. 67. And be it further enacted, That the benefit of the extension of a patent shall
extend to the assignees and grantees of the right to use the thing patented to the extent
of their interest therein.

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OFFICIAL FEES.
SEC. 68. And be it further enacted, That the following shall be the rates for patent
fees:
On filing each original application for a patent, fifteen dollars.
On issuing each original patent, twenty dollars.
On filing each caveat, ten dollars.
On every application for the reissue of a patent, thirty dollars.
On filing each disclaimer, ten dollars.
On every application for the extension of a patent, fifty dollars.
On the granting of every extension of a patent, fifty dollars.
On an appeal for the first time from the primary examiners to the examiners-in-chief,
ten dollars.
On every appeal from the examiners-in-chief to the Commissioner, twenty dollars.
For certified copies of patents and other papers, ten cents per hundred words.
For recording every assignment, agreement, power of attorney, or other paper, of three
hundred words or under, one dollar; of over three hundred and under one thousand
words, two dollars; of over one thousand words, three dollars.
For copies of drawings, the reasonable cost of making them.
SEC. 69. And be it further enacted, That patent fees may be paid to the Commis-
sioner, or to the Treasurer, or any of the Assistant Treasurers of the United States, or to
any of the designated depositaries, national banks, or receivers of public money, designated
by the Secretary of the Treasury for that purpose, who shall give the depositor a receipt
or certificate of deposit therefor. And all money received at the Patent Office, for any
purpose, or from any source whatever, shall be paid into the Treasury as received, without
any deduction whatever; and all disbursements for said office shall be made by the
disbursing clerk of the Interior Department.

MONEY PAID BY MISTAKE RETURNED.
SEC. 70. And be it further enacted, That the Treasurer of the United States is autho-
rized to pay back any sum or sums of money to any person who shall have paid the same
into the Treasury, or to any receiver or depositary, to the credit of the Treasurer, as for
fees accruing at the Patent Office through mistake, certificate thereof being made to said
Treasurer by the Commissioners of Patents.

DESIGN PATENTS.

SEC. 71. And be it further enacted, That any person who, by his own industry, genius,
efforts, and expense, has invented or produced any new and original design for a manu-
facture, bust, statue, alto-relievo, or bas-relief; any new and original design for the
printing of woollen, silk, cotton, or other fabrics; any new and original impression,
ornament, pattern, print, or picture, to be printed, painted, cast, or otherwise placed on
or worked into any article of manufacture; or any new, useful, and original shape or
configuration of any article of manufacture, the same not having been known or used by
others before his invention or production thereof, or patented or described in any printed
publication, may, upon payment of the duty required by law, and other due proceedings
had the same as in cases of inventions or discoveries, obtain a patent therefor.
SEC. 72. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner may dispense with models
of designs when the design can be sufficiently represented by drawings or photographs.
SEC. 73. And be it further enacted, That patents for designs may be granted for the
term of three years and six months, or for seven years, or for fourteen years, as the
applicant may, in his application, elect.
SEC. 74. And be it further enacted, That patentees of designs issued prior to March
two eighteen hundred and sixty-one, shall be entitled to extension of their respective

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patents for the term of seven years, in the same manner and under the same restrictions
as are provided for the extension of patents for inventions or discoveries, issued prior to
the second day of March, eighteen hundred and sixty-one.
SEC. 75. And be it further enacted, That the following shall be the rates of fees in
design cases:
For three years and six months, ten dollars.
For seven years, fifteen dollars.
For fourteen years, thirty dollars.
For all other cases in which fees are required, the same rates as in cases of inventions
or discoveries.
SEC. 76. And be it further enacted, That all the regulations and provisions which
apply to the obtaining or protection of patents for inventions or discoveries, not incon-
sistent with the provisions of this Act, shall apply to patents for designs.
TRADE-MARKS.
SEC. 77. And be it further enacted, That any person or firm domiciled in the United
States, and any corporation created by the authority of the United States, or of any State
or Territory thereof, and any person, firm, or corporation resident of or located in any
foreign country which by treaty or convention affords similar privileges to citizens of the
United States, and who are entitled to the exclusive use of any lawful trade-mark, or who
intend to adopt and use any trade-mark for exclusive use within the United States, may
obtain protection for such lawful trade-mark by complying with the following require-
ments, to wit:
First. By causing to be recorded in the Patent Office the names of the parties and their
residences and place of business, who desire the protection of the trade-mark.
Second. The class of merchandise and the particular description of goods comprised in
such class, by which the trade-mark has been or is intended to be appropriated.
Third. A description of the trade-mark itself, with fac-similes thereof, and the mode in
which it has been or is intended to be applied or used.
Fourth. The length of time, if any, during which the trade-mark has been used.
Fifth. The payment of a fee of twenty-five dollars, in the same manner and for the
same purpose as the fee required for patents.
Sixth. The compliance with such regulations as may be prescribed by the Commissioner
of Patents.
Seventh. The filing of a declaration, under the oath of the person, or of some member
of the firm or officer of the corporation, to the effect that the party claiming protection for
the trade-mark has a right to the use of the same, and that no other person, firm, or
corporation has the right to such use, either in the identical form or having such near
resemblance thereto as might be calculated to deceive, and that the description and fac-
similes presented for record are true copies of the trade-mark sought to be protected.
DURATION OF TRADE-MARKS.
SEC. 78. And be it further enacted, That such trade-mark shall remain in force for
thirty years from the date of such registration, except in cases where such trade-mark is
claimed for and applied to articles not manufactured in this country and in which it
receives protection under the laws of any foreign country for a shorter period, in which
case it shall cease to have any force in this country by virtue of this Act at the same time
that it becomes of no effect elsewhere; and during the period that it remains in force it
shall entitle the person, firm, or corporation registering the same to the exclusive use
thereof so far as regards the description of goods to which it is appropriated in the
statement filed under oath as aforesaid, and no other person shall lawfully use the same
trade-mark, or substantially the same, or so nearly resembling it as to be calculated
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to deceive, upon substantially the same description of goods: Provided, that six months
prior to the expiration of said term of thirty years, application may be made for a
renewal of such registration, under regulations to be prescribed by the Commissioner
of Patents, and the fee for such renewal shall be the same as for the original registration;
certificate of such renewal shall be issued in the same manner as for the original registra-
tion, and such trade-mark shall remain in force for a further term of thirty years: And
provided further, that nothing in this section shall be construed by any court as abridging
or in any manner affecting unfavorably the claim of any person, firm, corporation, or
company to any trade-mark after the expiration of the term for which such trade-mark
was registered.
DAMAGES FOR IMITATING TRADE-MARKS.
SEC. 79. And be it further enacted, That any person or corporation who shall reproduce,
counterfeit, copy, or imitate any such recorded trade-mark, and affix the same to goods of
substantially the same descriptive properties and qualities as those referred to in the
registration, shall be liable to an action in the case for damages for such wrongful use of
said trade mark, at the suit of the owner thereof, in any court of competent jurisdiction
in the United States, and the party aggrieved shall also have his remedy according to the
course of equity to enjoin the wrongful use of his trade-mark and to recover compensation
therefor in any court having jurisdiction over the person guilty of such wrongful use.
The Commissioner of Patents shall not receive and record any proposed trade-mark which
is not and can not become a lawful trade-mark, or which is merely the name of a person,
firm, or corporation only, unaccompanied by a mark sufficient to distinguish it from the
same name when used by other persons, or which is identical with the trade-mark
appropriate to the same class of merchandise, and belonging to a different owner, and
already registered or received for registration, or which so nearly resembles such last-
mentioned trade-mark as to be likely to deceive the public: Provided that this section
shall not prevent the registry of any lawful trade-mark rightfully used at the time of the
passage of this Act.

REGISTRATION OF TRADE-MARKS.
SEC. 80. And be it further enacted, That the time of the receipt of any trade-mark at
the Patent Office for registration shall be noted and recorded, and copies of the trade-
mark and of the date of the receipt thereof, and of the statement filed therewith, under
the seal of the Patent-Office, certified by the Commissioner, shall be evidence in any suit
in which such trade-mark shall be brought in controversy.
TRANSFER OF TRADE-MARKS.
SEC. 81. And be it further enacted, That the Commissioner of Patents is authorized to
make rules, regulations, and prescribe forms for the transfer of the right to the use of
such trade-marks, conforming as nearly as practicable to the requirements of law respecting
the transfer and transmission of copy-rights.
FRAUDULENT TRADE-MARKS.

SEC. 82. And be it further enacted, That any person who shall procure the registry of
any trade-mark, or of himself as the owner thereof, or an entry respecting a trade-mark in
the Patent Office under this Act, by making any false or fraudulent representations or
declarations, verbally or in writing, or by any fraudulent means, shall be liable to pay
damages in consequence of any such registry or entry to the person injured thereby, to be
recovered in an action on the case before any court of competent jurisdiction within the
United States.
SEC. 83. And be it further enacted, That nothing in this Act shall prevent, lessen,
impeach, or avoid any remedy at law or in equity, which any party aggrieved by any
wrongful use of any trade-mark might have had if this Act had not been passed.
SEC. 84. And be it further enacted, That no action shall be maintained under the pro-
visions of this Act by any person claiming the exclusive right to any trade-mark which

357
is used or claimed in any unlawful business, or upon any article which is injurious in
itself, or upon any trade-mark which has been fraudulently obtained, or which has been
formed and used with the design of deceiving the public in the purchase or use of any
article of merchandise.
REPEALING CLAUSE AND SChedule.
SEC. 111. And be it further enacted, That the Acts and parts of Acts set forth in the
Schedule of Acts cited, hereto annexed, are hereby repealed, without reviving any Acts or
parts of Acts repealed by any of said Acts, or by any clause or provision therein; provided,
however, that the repeal hereby enacted shall not affect, impair, or take away any right
existing under any of said laws; but all actions and causes of action, both in law and in
equity, which have arisen under any of said laws may be commenced and prosecuted; and
if already commenced, may be prosecuted to final judgment and execution, in the same
manner as though this Act had not been passed, excepting that the remedial provisions of
this Act shall be applicable to all suits and proceedings hereafter commenced; and pro-
vided also, that all applications for patents pending at the time of the passage of this Act,
in cases where the duty has been paid, shall be proceeded with and acted on in the same
manner as though filed after the passage thereof; and provided further, that all offences
which are defined and punishable under any of said Acts, and all penalties and forfeitures
created thereby, and incurred before this Act takes effect, may be prosecuted, sued for, and
recovered, and such offences punished according to the provisions of said Acts, which are
continued in force for such purpose.
15
PATENT LAWS.
(Revised Statutes, forty-third Congress, approved June 22, 1874.)
ORGANIZATION OF THE PATENT OFFICE.
TITLE XI., Rev. Stat., sec. 440, p. 74.
There shall be in the Department of the Interior-

In the Patent Office :
One chief clerk, at a salary of two thousand five hundred dollars a year.
One examiner in charge of interferences, at a salary of two thousand five hundred dollars
a year.
One examiner in charge of trade-marks, at a salary of two thousand five hundred dollars
a year.
Twenty-four principal examiners, at a salary of two thousand five hundred dollars a
year each.
Twenty-four first assistant examiners, at a salary of one thousand eight hundred dollars
a year each.
Twenty-four second assistant examiners (two of whom may be women), at a salary of
one thousand six hundred dollars a year each.
Twenty-four third assistant examiners, at a salary of one thousand four hundred dollars
a year each.
One librarian, at a salary of two thousand dollars a year.
One machinist, at a salary of one thousand six hundred dollars a year.
Three skilled draughtsmen, at a salary of one thousand two hundred dollars a year

each.
358

Thirty-five copyists of drawings, at a salary of one thousand dollars a year each.
One messenger and purchasing clerk, at a salary of one thousand dollars a year.
One skilled labourer, at a salary of one thousand two hundred dollars a year.
Eight attendants in the model-room, at a salary of one thousand dollars a year each.
Eight attendants in the model-room, at a salary of nine hundred dollars a year each.
Establishment of the Patent Office.
*
Sec. 475. There shall be in the Department of the Interior an office known as the
Patent Office, where all records, books, models, drawings, specifications, and other papers
and things pertaining to patents shall be safely kept and preserved.
Officers and Employés.

Sec. 476. There shall be in the Patent Office a Commissioner of Patents, one Assistant
Commissioner, and three examiners-in-chief, who shall be appointed by the President, by
and with the advice and consent of the Senate. All other officers, clerks, and employés
authorized by law for the Office shall be appointed by the Secretary of the Interior, upon
the nomination of the Commissioner of Patents.
Salaries.
Sec. 477. The salaries of the officers mentioned in the preceding section shall be as
follows:
The Commissioner of Patents, four thousand five hundred dollars a year.
The Assistant Commissioner of Patents, three thousand dollars a year.
Three examiners-in-chief, three thousand dollars a year each.
Seal.
Sec. 478. The seal heretofore provided for the Patent Office shall be the seal of the
Office, with which letters patent and papers issued from the Office shall be authenticated.
Bonds of Commissioner and Chief Clerk.
Sec. 479. The Commissioner of Patents and the chief clerk, before entering upon their
duties, shall severally give bond, with sureties, to the Treasurer of the United States, the
former in the sum of ten thousand dollars, and the latter in the sum of five thousand
dollars, conditioned for the faithful discharge of their respective duties, and that they shall
render to the proper officers of the Treasury a true account of all money received by
virtue of their offices.
Restrictions upon Officers and Employés.
Sec. 480. All officers and employés of the Patent Office shall be incapable, during the
period for which they hold their appointments, to acquire or take, directly or indirectly,
except by inheritance or bequest, any right or interest in any patent issued by the Office.

Duties of Commissioner.
Sec. 481. The Commissioner of Patents, under the direction of the Secretary of the
Interior, shall superintend or perform all duties respecting the granting and issuing of
patents directed by law; and he shall have charge of all books, records, papers, models,
machines, and other things belonging to the Patent Office.
in a ta (untant pul
Duties of Examiners-in-Chief.ini
Sec. 482. The examiners-in-chief shall be persons of competent legal knowledge and
scientific ability, whose duty it shall be, on the written petition of the appellant, to revise

JE
359
and determine upon the validity of the adverse decisions of examiners upon applications
for patents, and for reissues of patents, and in interference cases; and, when required by
the Commissioner, they shall hear and report upon claims for extensions, and perform
such other like duties as he may assign them.
Establishment of Regulations.
Sec. 483. The Commissioner of Patents, subject to the approval of the Secretary of
the Interior, may from time to time establish regulations, not inconsistent with law, for
the conduct of proceedings in the Patent Office.
Arrangement and Exhibition of Models, &c.
Sec. 484. The Commissioner of Patents shall cause to be classified and arranged in
suitable cases, in the rooms and galleries provided for that purpose, models, specimens of
compositions, fabrics, manufactures, works of art, and designs, which have been or shall
be disposited in the Patent Office; and the rooms and galleries shall be kept open during
suitable hours for public inspection.
Disposals of Models on rejected Applications.
Sec. 485. The Commissioner of Patents may restore to the respective applicants such
of the models belonging to rejected applications as he shall not think necessary to be pre-
served, or he may sell or otherwise dispose of them after the application has been finally
rejected for one year, paying the proceeds into the Treasury, as other patent moneys are
directed to be paid.
Library.
Sec. 486. There shall be purchased for the use of the Patent Office a library of such
scientific works and periodicals, both foreign and American, as may aid the officers in the
discharge of their duties, not exceeding the amount annually appropriated for that
purpose.
Patent-agents may be refused recognition.
Sec. 487. For gross misconduct the Commissioner of Patents may refuse to recognize
any person as a patent-agent, either generally or in any particular case; but the reason.
for such refusal shall be duly recorded, and be subject to the approval of the Secretary of
the Interior.
Printing of Papers filed.
Sec. 488. The Commissioner of Patents may require all papers filed in the Patent
Office, if not correctly, legibly, and clearly written, to be printed at the cost of the party
filing them,
Printing Copies of Claims, Laws, Decisions, &c.
Sec. 489. The Commissioner of Patents may print, or cause to be printed, copies of
the claims of current issues, and copies of such laws, decisions, regulations, and circulars
as may be necessary for the information of the public.

Printing Specifications and Drawings.
Sec. 490. The Commissioner of Patents is authorized to have printed, from time to
time, for gratuitous distribution, not to exceed one hundred and fifty copies of the com-
plete specifications and drawings of each patent hereafter issued, together with suitable
indexes, one copy to be placed for free public inspection in each capitol of every State
and Territory, one for the like purpose in the clerk's office of the district court of each

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15
judicial district of the United States, except when such offices are located in State or
territorial capitols, and one in the Library of Congress, which copies shall be certified
under the hand of the Commissioner and seal of the Patent Office, and shall not be taken
from the depositories for any other purpose than to be used as evidence.
Additional Specifications and Drawings.
Sec. 491. The Commissioner of Patents is authorized to have printed such additional
numbers of copies of specifications and drawings, certified as provided in the preceding
section, at a price not to exceed the contract price for such drawings, for sale, as may be
warranted by the actual demand for the same; and he is also authorized to furnish a
complete set of such specifications and drawings to any public library which will pay for
binding the same into volumes to correspond with those in the Patent Office, and for the
transportation of the same, and which shall also provide for proper custody for the same,
with convenient access for the public thereto, under such regulations as the Commissioner
shall deem reasonable.
Lithographing and Engraving.
Sec. 492. The lithographing and engraving required by the two preceding sections
shall be awarded to the lowest and best bidders for the interests of the Government, due
regard being paid to the execution of the work, after due advertising by the Congressional
Printer under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing; but the Joint Committee
on Printing may empower the Congressional Printer to make immediate contracts for
engraving, whenever, in their opinion, the exigencies of the public service will not justify
waiting for advertisement and award; or if, in the judgment of the Joint Committee on
Printing, the work can be performed under the direction of the Commissioner of Patents
more advantageously than in the manner above prescribed, it shall be so done, under
such limitations and conditions as the Joint Committee on Printing may from time to
time prescribe.
Price of Copies of Specifications and Drawings.
Sec. 493. The price to be paid for uncertified printed copies of specifications and
drawings of patents shall be determined by the Commissioner of Patents, within the limits
of ten cents as the minimum and fifty cents as the maximum price.

Annual Report of the Commissioner.
Sec. 494. The Commissioner of Patents shall lay before Congress, in the month of
January, annually, a report, giving a detailed statement of all moneys received for patents,
for copies of records or drawings, or from any other source whatever; a detailed state-
ment of all expenditures for contingent and miscellaneous expenses; a list of all patents
which were granted during the preceding year, designating under proper heads the sub-
jects of such patents; an alphabetical list of all the patentees, with their places of resi-
dence; a list of all patents which have been extended during the year; and such other
information of the condition of the Patent Office as may be useful to Congress or the
public.
Custody of Collections of Exploring Expeditions.
Sec. 495. The collections of the Exploring Expedition, now in the Patent Office, shall.
be under the care and management of the Commissioner of Patents.

Disbursements for Patent Office.
Sec. 496. All disbursements for the Patent Office shall be made by the disbursing clerk
of the Interior Department.

..
361
brum be
TITLE XIII., Rev. Stat., p. 168.
Copies of Records, &c. of Patent Office.
Sec. 892. Written or printed copies of any records, books, papers, or drawings
belonging to the Patent Office, and of letters patent authenticated by the seal and certified
by the Commissioner or Acting Commissioner thereof, shall be evidence in all cases
wherein the originals could be evidence; and any person making application therefor, and
paying the fee required by law, shall have certified copies thereof.
Copies of Foreign Letters Patent.
Sec. 893. Copies of the specifications and drawings of foreign letters patent, certified
as provided in the preceding section, shall be primâ facie evidence of the fact of the
granting of such letters patent, and of the date and contents thereof.
Printed Copies of Specifications and Drawings of Patents.
Sec. 894. The printed copies of specifications and drawings of patents, which the Com-
missioner of Patents is authorized to print for gratuitous distribution, and to deposit in
the capitols of the States and Territories, and in the clerk's offices of the district courts,
shall, when certified by him and authenticated by the seal of his office, be received in all
courts as evidence of all matters therein contained.


TITLE XV., Rev. Stat., p. 261.
Patented Articles connected with Marine Engines.
Sec. 1537. No patented article connected with marine engines shall hereafter be pur-
chased or used in connection with any steam vessels of war until the same shall have been
submitted to a competent board of naval engineers, and recommended by such board, in
writing, for purchase and use.
TITLE XVII., Rev. Stat., p. 292.
No Royalty to be paid by United States to its Officers for Patent mentioned in preceding
Section.
Sec. 1673. No royalty shall be paid by the United States to any one of its officers or
employés for the use of any patent for the system, or any part thereof, mentioned in the
preceding section, nor for any such patent in which said officers or employés may be directly
or indirectly interested.

PATENTS.
TITLE LX., Rev. Stat., chap. 1, p. 953.
Patents, how issued, attested, and recorded.
Sec. 4883. All patents shall be issued in the name of the United States of America,
under the seal of the Patent Office, and shall be signed by the Secretary of the Interior
and countersigned by the Commissioner of Patents, and they shall be recorded, together
with the specifications, in the Patent Office, in books to be kept for that purpose.
Contents and Duration.

Sec. 4884. Every patent shall contain a short title or description of the invention or
discovery, correctly indicating its nature and design, and a grant to the patentee, his heirs

362
3.
or assigns, for the term of seventeen years, of the exclusive right to make, use, and vend
the invention or discovery throughout the United States, and the Territories thereof,
referring to the specification for the particulars thereof. A copy of the specification and
drawings shall be annexed to the patent and be a part thereof.

Date of Patent.
Sec. 4885. Every patent shall bear date as of a day not later than six months from the
time at which it was passed and allowed and notice thereof was sent to the applicant or
his agent; and if the final fee is not paid within that period the patent shall be withheld.
What Inventions are patentable.

Sec. 4886. Any person who has invented or discovered any new and useful art, machine,
manufacture or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof, not
known or used by others in this country, and not patented or described in any printed
publication in this or any foreign country, before his invention or discovery thereof, and
not in public use or on sale for more than two years prior to his application, unless the
same is proved to have been abandoned, may, upon payment of the fees required by law,
and other due proceedings had, obtain a patent therefor.
Patents for Inventions previously Patented Abroad.
Sec. 4887. No person shall be debarred from receiving a patent for his invention or
discovery, nor shall any patent be declared invalid, by reason of its having been first
patented or caused to be patented in a foreign country, unless the same has been introduced
into public use in the United States for more than two years prior to the application.
But every patent granted for an invention which has been previously patented in a
foreign country shall be so limited as to expire at the same time with the foreign patent,
or, if there be more than one, at the same time with the one having the shortest term,
and in no case shall it be in force more than seventeen years.
Requisites of Application, Description, Specification, and Claim.
Sec. 4888. Before any inventor or discoverer shall receive a patent for his invention
or discovery, he shall make application therefor, in writing, to the Commissioner of
Patents, and shall file in the Patent Office a written description of the same, and of the
manner and process of making, constructing, compounding, and using it, in such full,
clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art or science to
which it appertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make, construct,
compound, and use the same; and in case of a machine, he shall explain the principle
thereof, and the best mode in which he has contemplated applying that principle, so as to
distinguish it from other inventions; and he shall particularly point out and distinctly
claim the part, improvement, or combination which he claims as his invention or
discovery. The specification and claim shall be signed by the inventor and attested by
two witnesses.


Drawings, when requisite.
Sec. 4889. When the nature of the case admits of drawings, the applicant shall furnish
one copy signed by the inventor or his attorney in fact, and attested by two witnesses,
which shall be filed in the Patent Office; and a copy of the drawing, to be furnished by
the Patent Office, shall be attached to the patent as a part of the specification.
Specimens of Ingredients, &c.
Sec. 4890. When the invention or discovery is of a composition of matter, the applicant,
if required by the Commissioner, shall furnish specimens of ingredients and of the com-
position, sufficient in quantity for the purpose of experiment.

363
Model, when requisite.
Sec. 4891. In all cases which admit of representation by model, the applicant, if
required by the Commissioner, shall furnish a model of convenient size to exhibit
advantageously the several parts of his invention or discovery.
Oath required from Applicant.
Sec. 4892. The applicant shall make oath that he does verily believe himself to be the
original and first inventor or discoverer of the art, machine, manufacture, composition, or
improvement for which he solicits a patent; that he does not know and does not believe
that the same was ever before known or used; and shall state of what country he is a
citizen. Such oath may be made before any person within the United States authorized
by law to administer oaths, or when the applicant resides in a foreign country, before
any minister, chargé d'affaires, consul, or commercial agent, holding commission under
the Government of the United States, or before any notary public of the foreign country
in which the applicant may be.
Examination and Issuing Patent.
Sec. 4893. On the filing of any such application and the payment of the fees required
by law, the Commissioner of Patents shall cause an examination to be made of the alleged
new invention or discovery; and if on such examination it shall appear that the claimant
is justly entitled to a patent under the law, and that the same is sufficiently useful and
important, the Commissioner shall issue a patent therefor.
Limitation upon Time of completing Applications.
Sec. 4894. All applications for patents shall be completed and prepared for examination.
within two years after the filing of the application, and in default thereof, or upon failure
of the applicant to prosecute the same within two years after any action therein, of which
notice shall have been given to the applicant, they shall be regarded as abandoned by the
parties thereto, unless it be shown to the satisfaction of the Commissioner of Patents that
such delay was unavoidable.


Patents granted to Assignee.

Sec. 4895. Patents may be granted and issued or reissued to the assignee of the
inventor or discoverer; but the assignment must first be entered of record in the Patent
Office. And in all cases of an application by an assignee for the issue of a patent, the
application shall be made and the specification sworn to by the inventor or discoverer; and
in all cases of an application for a reissue of any patent, the application must be made and
the corrected specification signed by the inventor or discoverer, if he is living, unless the
patent was issued and the assignment made before the eighth day of July, eighteen
hundred and seventy.
When and on what Oath Executor or Administrator may obtain Patent.
Sec. 4896. When any person, having made any new invention or discovery for which a
patent might have been granted, dies before a patent is granted, the right of applying for
and obtaining the patent shall devolve on his executor or administrator, in trust for the
heirs-at-law of the deceased, in case he shall have died intestate; or if he shall have left
a will, disposing of the same, then in trust for his devisees, in as full manner and on the
same terms and conditions as the same might have been claimed or enjoyed by him in hist
life-time; and when the application is made by such legal representatives, the oath or
affirmation required to be made shall be so varied in form that it can be made by them.
364

Renewal of Application in Cases of Failure to Pay Fees in Season.
Sec. 4897. Any person who has an interest in an invention or discovery, whether as
inventor, discoverer, or assignee, for which a patent was ordered to issue upon the payment
of the final fee, but who fails to make payment thereof within six months from the time
at which it was passed and allowed, and notice thereof was sent to the applicant or his
agent, shall have a right to make an application for a patent for such invention or discovery
the same as in the case of an original application. But such second application must be
made within two years after the allowance of the original application. But no person shall
be held responsible in damages for the manufacture or use of any article or thing for which
a patent was ordered to issue under such renewed application prior to the issue of the
patent. And upon the hearing of renewed applications preferred under this section,
bandonment shall be considered as a question of fact.
Assignments of Patents.
Sec. 4898. Every patent or any interest therein shall be assignable in law by an instru-
ment in writing; and the patentee or his assigns or legal representatives may, in like
manner, grant and convey an exclusive right under his patent to the whole or any specified
part of the United States. An assignment, grant, or conveyance shall be void as against
any subsequent purchaser or mortgagee for a valuable consideration, without notice, unless
it is recorded in the Patent Office within three months from the date thereof.
Persons purchasing of Inventor, before Application, may Use or Sell the Thing
purchased.
Sec. 4899. Every person who purchases of the inventor or discoverer, or with his
knowledge and consent constructs any newly invented or discovered machine, or other
patentable article, prior to the application by the inventor or discoverer for a patent, or
who sells or uses one so constructed, shall have the right to use, and vend to others to be
used, the specific thing so made or purchased, without liability therefor.
CC
Patented Articles must be Marked as such.

Sec. 4900. It shall be the duty of all patentees, and their assigns and legal representatives,
and of all persons making or vending any patented article for or under them, to give
sufficient notice to the public that the same is patented; either by fixing thereon the word
patented," together with the day and year the patent was granted; or when, from the
character of the article, this cannot be done, by fixing to it, or to the package wherein one
or more of them is inclosed, a label containing the like notice; and in any suit for infringe-
ment, by the party failing so to mark, no damages shall be recovered by the plaintiff, except
on proof that the defendant was duly notified of the infringement, and continued, after
such notice, to make, use, or vend the article so patented.
Penalty for Falsely Marking or Labelling Articles as Patented.
Sec. 4901. Every person who, in any manner, marks upon anything made, used, or sold
by him for which he has not obtained a patent, the name or any imitation of the name of
any person who has obtained a patent therefor, without the consent of such patentee, or
his assigns or legal representatives; or
Who, in any manner, marks upon or affixes to any such patented article the word
"patent" or "patentee," or the words "letters patent," or any word of like import, with
intent to imitate or counterfeit the mark or device of the patentee, without having the
license or consent of such patentee or his assigns or legal representatives; or
Who, in any manner, marks upon or affixes to any unpatented article the word "patent,"
or any word importing that the same is patented, for the purpose of deceiving the public,


365
shall be liable, for every such offence, to a penalty of not less than one hundred dollars,
with costs; one half of the said penalty to the person who shall sue for the same, and the
other to the use of the United States, to be recovered by suit in any district court of the
United States within whose jurisdiction such offence may have been committed.
Filing and Effect of Caveats.
Sec. 4902. Any citizen of the United States who makes any new invention or discovery,
and desires further time to mature the same, may, on payment of the fees required by law,
file in the Patent Office a caveat setting forth the design thereof, and of its distinguishing
characteristics, and praying protection of his right until he shall have matured his inven-
tion. Such caveat shall be filed in the confidential archives of the offices and preserved in
secrecy, and shall be operative for the term of one year from the filing thereof; and if
application is made within the year by any other person for a patent with which such
caveat would in any manner interfere, the Commissioner shall deposit the description,
specification, drawings, and model of such application in like manner in the confidential
archives of the office, and give notice thereof, by mail, to the person by whom the caveat
was filed. If such person desires to avail himself of his caveat, he shall file his descrip-
tion, specifications, drawings, and model within three months from the time of placing
the notice in the post-office in Washington, with the usual time required for transmitting
it to the caveator added thereto; which time shall be indorsed on the notice. An alien
shall have the privilege herein granted, if he has resided in the United States one year
next preceding the filing of his caveat, and has made oath of his intention to become a
citizen.
Notice of Rejection of Claim for Patent to be given to Applicant.
Sec. 4903. Whenever, on examination, any claim for a patent is rejected, the Commis-
sioner shall notify the applicant thereof, giving him briefly the reasons for such rejection,
together with such information and references as may be useful in judging of the propriety
of renewing his application or of altering his specification; and if, after receiving such
notice, the applicant persists in his claim for a patent, with or without altering his speci-
fications, the Commissioner shall order a re-examination of the case.


Interferences.

Sec. 4904. Whenever an application is made for a patent which, in the opinion of the
Commissioner, would interfere with any pending application, or with any unexpired.
patent, he shall give notice thereof to the applicants, or applicant and patentee, as the
case may be, and shall direct the primary examiner to proceed to determine the question
of priority of invention. And the Commissioner may issue a patent to the party who is
adjudged the prior inventor, unless the adverse party appeals from the decision of the
primary examiner, or of the board of examiners-in-chief, as the case may be, with such
time, not less than twenty days, as the Commissioner shall prescribe.


Affidavits and Depositions.
Sec. 4905. The Commissioner of Patents may establish rules for taking affidavits and
depositions required in cases pending in the Patent Office, and such affidavits and de-
positions may be taken before any officer authorized by law to take depositions to be used
in the courts of the United States, or of the State where the officer resides.

Subpœnas to Witnesses.bolika predlaga

Sec. 4906. The clerk of any court of the United States, for any district or Territory
wherein testimony is to be taken for use in any contested case pending in the Patent Office,
shall, upon the application of any party thereto, or of his agent or attorney, issue a sub-
366

poena for any witness residing or being within such district or Territory, commanding
him to appear and testify before any officer in such district or Territory authorized to take
depositions and affidavits, at any time and place in the subpoena stated. But no witness
shall be required to attend at any place more than forty miles from the place where the
subpœna is served upon him.
Witness Fees.
Sec. 4907. Every witness duly subpoenaed and in attendance shall be allowed the same
fees as are allowed to witnesses attending the courts of the United States.
Penalty for Failing to Attend or Refusing to Testify.
Sec. 4908. Whenever any witness, after being duly served with such subpoena, neglects
or refuses to appear, or after appearing refuses to testify, the judge of the court whose
clerk issued the subpoena may, on proof of such neglect or refusal, enforce obedience to the
process, or punish the disobedience, as in other like cases. But no witness shall be guilty
of contempt for disobeying such subpoena, unless his fees and travelling expenses in going
to, returning from, and one day's attendance at the place of examination, are paid or
tendered him at the time of the service of the subpoena; nor for refusing to disclose any
secret invention or discovery made or owned by himself.


Appeals from Primary Examiners to Examiners-in-Chief.
Sec. 4909. Every applicant for a patent or for the reissue for a patent, any of the
claims of which have been twice rejected, and every party to an interference, may appeal
from the decision of the primary examiner, or of the examiner in charge of interferences in
such case, to the board of examiners-in-chief; having once paid the fee for such appeal.
From Examiners-in-Chief to Commissioner.
Sec. 4910. If such party is dissatisfied with the decision of the examiners-in-chief, he
may, on payment of the fee prescribed, appeal to the Commissioner in person.
From the Commissioner to the Supreme Court.-District of Columbia.
Sec. 4911. If such party, except a party to an interference, is dissatisfied with the
decision of the Commissioner, he may appeal to the Supreme Court of the District of
Columbia, sitting in banc.
Notice of such Appeal.

Sec. 4912. When an appeal is taken to the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia,
the appellant shall give notice thereof to the Commissioner, and file in the Patent Office,
within such time as the Commissioner shall appoint, his reasons of appeal, specifically set
forth in writing.
Proceedings on appeal to Supreme Court.

Sec. 4913. The court shall, before hearing such appeal, give notice to the Commissioner
of the time and place of the hearing, and on receiving such notice the Commissioner shall
give notice of such time and place, in such manner as the court may prescribe, to all
parties who appear to be interested therein. The party appealing shall lay before the
court certified copies of all the original papers and evidence in the case, and the Com-
missioner shall furnish the court with the grounds of his decision, fully set forth in
writing, touching all the points involved by the reasons of appeal. And at the request of
any party interested, or of the court, the Commissioner and the examiners may be
examined under oath, in explanation of the principles of the thing for which a patent is
demanded.

367
Determination of such Appeal, and its Effect.
Sec. 4914. The court, on petition, shall hear and determine such appeal, and revise the
decision appealed from in a summary way, on the evidence produced before the Commis-
sioner, at such early and convenient time as the court may appoint; and the revision
shall be confined to the point set forth in the reasons of appeal. After hearing the case
the court shall return to the Commissioner a certificate of its proceedings and decision,
which shall be entered of record in the Patent Office, and shall govern the further pro-
ceedings in the case. But no opinion or decision of the court in any such case shall pre-
clude any person interested from the right to contest the validity of such patent in any
court wherein the same may be called in question..
Patents obtainable by Bill in Equity.
Sec. 4915. Whenever a patent on application is refused, either by the Commissioner of
Patents or by the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia upon appeal from the Com-
missioner, the applicant may have remedy by bill in equity; and the court having cogni-
zance thereof, on notice to adverse parties and other due proceedings had, may adjudge that
such applicant is entitled, according to law, to receive a patent for his invention as speci-
fied in his claim, or for any part thereof, as the facts in the case may appear. And such
adjudication, if it be in favour of the right of the applicant, shall authorize the Commis-
sioner to issue such patent on the applicant filing in the Patent Office a copy of the adjudi-
cation and otherwise complying with the requirements of law. In all cases, where there
is no opposing party, a copy of the bill shall be served on the Commissioner; and all the
expenses of the proceeding shall be paid by the applicant, whether the final decision is in
his favour or not.
Re-issue of Defective Patents.
Sec. 4916. Whenever any patent is inoperative or invalid, by reason of a defective or
insufficient specification, or by reason of the patentee claiming as his own invention or
discovery more than he had a right to claim as new, if the error has arisen by inadvertence,
accident, or mistake, and without any fraudulent or deceptive intention, the Commissioner
shall on the surrender of such patent and the payment of the duty required by law, cause
a new patent for the same invention, and in accordance with the corrected specification, to
be issued to the patentee, or, in the case of his death or of an assignment of the whole or
any undivided part of the original patent, then to his executors, administrators, or assigns,
for the unexpired part of the term of the original patent. Such surrender shall take
effect upon the issue of the amended patent. The Commissioner may, in his discretion,
cause several patents to be issued for distinct and separate parts of the thing patented,
upon demand of the applicant, and upon payment of the required fee for a reissue for
each of such reissued letters patent. The specifications and claim in every such case
shall be subject to revision and restriction in the same manner as original applications are.
Every patent so reissued, together with the corrected specification, shall have the same
effect and operation in law, on the trial of all actions for causes thereafter arising, as if
the same had been originally filed in such corrected form; but no new matter shall be
introduced into the specification, nor in case of a machine patent shall the model or draw-
ings be amended, except each by the other; but when there is neither model nor drawing,
amendments may be made upon proof satisfactory to the Commissioner that such new
matter or amendment was a part of the original invention, and was admitted from the
specification by inadvertence, accident, or mistake, as aforesaid.
Disclaimer.
Sec. 4917. Whenever, through inadvertence, accident, or mistake, and without any
fraudulent or deceptive intention, a patentee has claimed more than that of which he was
368

the original or first inventor or discoverer, his patent shall be valid for all that part which
is truly and justly his own, provided the same is a material or substantial part of the
thing patented; and any such patentee, his heirs or assigns, whether of the whole or any
sectional interest therein, may, on payment of the fee required by law, make disclaimer
of such parts of the thing patented as he shall not choose to claim or to hold by virtue
of the patent or assignment, stating therein the extent of his interest in such patent.
Such disclaimer shall be in writing, attested by one or more witnesses, and recorded in
the Patent Office; and it shall thereafter be considered as part of the original specification
to the extent of the interest possessed by the claimant and by those claiming under him
after the record thereof. But no such disclaimer shall affect any action pending at the
time of its being filed, except so far as may relate to the question of unreasonable neglect
or delay in filing it.

Suits touching interfering Patents.
Sec. 4918. Whenever there are interfering patents, any person interested in any one of
them, or in the working of the invention claimed under either of them, may have relief
against the interfering patentee, and all parties interested under him, by suit in equity
against the owners of the interfering patent; and the court, on notice to adverse parties,
and other due proceedings had according to the course of equity, may adjudge and declare
either of the patents void in whole or in part, or inoperative, or invalid in any particular
part of the United States, according to the interest of the parties in the patent or the
invention patented. But no such judgment or adjudication shall affect the right of any
person except the parties to the suit and those deriving title under them subsequent to the
condition of such judgment.
Suits for Infringement; Damages.
*
Sec. 4919. Damages for the infringement of any patent may be recovered by action
on the case, in the name of the party interested, either as patentee, assignee, or grantee.
And whenever in any such action a verdict is rendered for the plaintiff, the court may
enter judgment thereon for any sum above the amount found by the verdict as the actual
damages sustained, according to the circumstances of the case, not exceeding three times
the amount of such verdict, together with the costs.
Pleading and Proof in Actions for Infringement.
Sec. 4920. In any action for infringement the defendant may plead the general issue,
and having given notice in writing to the plaintiff or his attorney, thirty days before, may
prove, on trial, any one or more of the following special matters:
First. That for the purpose of deceiving the public the description and specification
filed by the patentee in the Patent Office was made to contain less then the whole truth
relative to his invention or discovery, or more than is necessary to produce the desired
effect; or,
Second. That he had surreptitiously or unjustly obtained the patent for that which was
in fact invented by another, who was using reasonable diligence in adapting and perfecting
the same; or,
Third. That it had been patented or described in some printed publication prior to his
supposed invention or discovery thereof; or mag et pa
Fourth. That he was not the original and first inventor or discoverer of any material
and substantial part of the thing patented; or,
Fifth. That it had been in public use or on sale in this country for more than two years
before his application for a patent, or had been abandoned to the public.
And in notices as to proof of previous invention, knowledge, or use of the thing patented,
the defendant shall state the names of patentees and the dates of their patents, and when
granted, and the names and residences of the persons alleged to have invented, or to have

369
12
had the prior knowledge of the thing patented, and where and by whom it had been
used; and if any one or more of the special matters alleged shall be found for the defendant,
judgment shall be rendered for him with costs. And the like defences may be pleaded in
any suit in equity for relief against an alleged infringement; and proofs of the same may
be given upon like notice in the answer of the defendant, and with the like effect.
Power of Courts to grant Injunctions and estimate Damages.
Sec. 4921. The several courts vested with jurisdiction of cases arising under the patent
laws shall have power to grant injunctions according to the course and principles of courts
of equity, to prevent the violation of any right secured by patent, on such terms as the
court may deem reasonable; and upon a decree being rendered in any such case for an
infringement, the complainant shall be entitled to recover, in addition to the profits to be
accounted for by the defendant, the damages the complainant has obtained thereby;
and the court shall assess the same or cause the same to be assessed under its direction.
And the court shall have the same power to increase such damages, in its discretion, as is
given to increase the damages found by verdicts in actions in the nature of actions of
trespass upon the case.
Suit for Infringement where Specification is too broad.
Sec. 4922. Whenever, through inadvertence, accident, or mistake, and without any
wilful default or intent to defraud or mislead the public, a patentee has, in his specification,
claimed to be the original and first inventor, or discoverer of any material or substantial
part of the thing patented, of which he was not the original and first inventor or discoverer,
every such patentee, his executors, administrators, and assigns, whether of the whole or
any sectional interest in the patent, may maintain a suit at law or in equity, for the
infringement of any part thereof, which was bonâ fide his own, if it is a material and
substantial part of the thing patented, and definitely distinguishable from the parts claimed
without right, notwithstanding the specifications may embrace more than that of which
the patentee was the first inventor or discoverer. But in every such case in which a
judgment or decree shall be rendered for the plaintiff no costs shall be recovered unless
the proper disclaimer has been entered at the Patent Office before the commencement of
the suit. But no patentee shall be entitled to the benefits of this section if he has
unreasonably neglected or delayed to enter a disclaimer.
Patent not Void on account of previous use in Foreign Country.
Sec. 4923. Whenever it appears that a patentee, at the time of making his application
for the patent, believed himself to be the original and first inventor or discoverer of the
thing patented, the same shall not be held to be void on account of the invention or
discovery, or any part thereof, having been known or used in a foreign country, before
his invention or discovery thereof, if it had not been patented or described in a printed
publication.

Operation of Extensions.
Sec. 4928. The benefit of the extension of a patent shall extend to the assignees and
grantees of the right to use the thing patented, to the extent of their interest therein.
DESIGNS.
Patents for Designs authorised.

Sec. 4929. Any person who, by his own industry, genius, efforts, and expense, has
invented and produced any new and original design for a manufacture, bust, statue,
36247.
A a
370
alto-relievo, or bas-relief; any new and original design for the printing of woollen, silk,
cotton, or other fabrics; any new and original impression, ornament, patent [pattern],
print, or picture to be printed, painted, cast, or otherwise placed on or worked into any
article of manufacture; or any new, useful, and original shape or configuration of any
article of manufacture, the same not having been known or used by others before his
invention or production thereof, or patented or described in any printed publication, may,
upon payment of the fee prescribed, and other due proceedings had the same as in cases of
inventions or discoveries, obtain a patent therefor.

Models of Designs.
Sec. 4930. The Commissioner may dispense with models of designs when the design can
be sufficiently represented by drawings or photographs.
Duration of Patents for Designs.
Sec. 4931. Patents for designs may be granted for the term of three years and six
months, or for seven years, or for fourteen years, as the applicant may, in his application
elect.
Extension of Patents for Designs.
Sec. 4932. Patentees of designs issued prior to the second day of March, eighteen
hundred and sixty-one, shall be entitled to extension of their respective patents for the
term of seven years, in the same manner and under the same restrictions as are provided
for the extension of patents for inventions or discoveries, issued prior to the second day
of March, eighteen hundred and sixty-one.
Patents for Designs subject to General Rules of Patent Law.
Sec. 4933. All the regulations and provisions which apply to obtaining or protecting
patents for inventions or discoveries not inconsistent with the provisions of this title,
shall apply to patents for designs.
FEES.
Fees in obtaining Patents, &c.
Sec. 4934. The following shall be the rates for patent fees:
On filing each original application for a patent, except in design cases, fifteen dollars.
On issuing each original patent, except in design cases, twenty dollars.
In design cases: For three years and six months, ten dollars; for seven years, fifteen
dollars; for fourteen years, thirty dollars.
On filing each caveat, ten dollars.
On every application for the reissue of a patent, thirty dollars.
On filing each disclaimer, ten dollars.
On every application for the extension of a patent, fifty dollars.
On the granting of every extension of a patent, fifty dollars.
On an appeal for the first time from the primary examiners to the examiners-in-chief,
ten dollars.
On
every appeal from the examiners-in-chief to the Commissioner, twenty dollars.
For certified copies of patents and other papers, including certified printed copies, ten
cents per hundred words.
For recording every assignment, agreement, power of attorney, or other paper, of three
hundred words or under, one dollar; of over three hundred and under one thousand words,
two dollars; of over one thousand words, three dollars.
For copies of drawings, the reasonable cost of making them.

371
Mode of Payment.
Sec. 4935. Patent fees may be paid to the Commissioner of Patents, or to the Treasurer
or any of the assistant treasurers of the United States, or to any of the designated
depositories, national banks, or receivers of public money, designated by the Secretary of
the Treasury for that purpose; and such officer shall give the depositor a receipt or cer-
tificate of deposit therefor. All money received at the Patent Office, for any purpose, or
from any source whatever, shall be paid into the Treasury as received, without any deduc-
tion whatever.
Refunding.
Sec. 4936, The Treasurer of the United States is authorized to pay back any sum or
sums of
money to any person who has through mistake paid the same into the Treasury,
or to any receiver or depositary, to the credit of the Treasury, as for fees accruing at the
Patent Office, upon a certificate thereof being made to the Treasurer by the Commissioner
of Patents.
TRADE-MARK.
TITLE LX., Rev. Stat., Chap. 2, p. 963.
Registration of Trade-Marks authorized.
Sec. 4937. Any person or firm domiciled in the United States and any corporation
created by the authority of the United States, or of any State or Territory thereof, and
any person, firm, or corporation resident of or located in any foreign country which by
treaty or convention affords similar privileges to citizens of the United States, and who are
entitled to the exclusive use of any lawful trade-mark, or who intend to adopt and use any
trade-mark for exclusive use within the United States, may obtain protection for such
lawful trade-mark by complying with the following requirements:
First. By causing to be recorded in the Patent Office a statement specifying the names
of the parties, and their residences and place of business, who desire the protection of the
trade-mark; the class of merchandise, and the particular description of goods comprised
in such class, by which the trade-mark has been or is intended to be appropriated; a
description of the trade-mark itself, with fac-similes thereof, showing the mode in which
it has been or is intended to be applied and used; and the length of time, if any, during
which the trade-mark has been in use.
Second. By making payment of a fee of twenty-five dollars in the same manner and for
the same purpose as the fee required for patents.
Third. By complying with such regulations as may be prescribed by the Commissioner

of Patents.
Accompanying Declaration under Oath,
Sec. 4938. The certificate prescribed by the preceding section must, in order to create
any right whatever in favor of the party filing it, be accompanied by a written declaration
verified by the person, or by some member of the firm or officer of the corporation by
whom it is filed, to the effect that the party claiming protection for the trade-mark has a
right to the use of the same, and that no other person, firm, or corporation has the right
to such use, either in the identical form or in any such near resemblance thereto as might
be calculated to deceive; and that the description and fac-similes presented for record are
true copies of the trade-mark sought to be protected.
Restriction on the Registration of Trade-Marks.
Sec. 4939. The Commissioner of Patents shall not receive and record any proposed
trade-mark which is not and cannot become a lawful trade-mark, or which is merely the
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372
name of a person, firm, or corporation unaccompanied by a mark sufficient to distinguish
it from the same name when used by other persons, or which is identical with a trade-
mark appropriate to the same class of merchandise and belonging to a different owner, and
already registered or received for registration, or which so nearly resembles such last-
mentioned trade-mark as to be likely to deceive the public. But this section shall not
prevent the registry of any lawful trade-mark rightfully in use on the eighth day of July,
eighteen hundred and seventy.
Time of Receipt of Trade-Mark for Registration to be certified.
Sec. 4940. The time of the receipt of any trade-mark at the Patent Office for regis-
tration shall be noted and recorded. Copies of the trade-mark and of the date of the
receipt thereof, and of the statement filed therewith, under the seal of the Patent Office,
certified by the Commissioner, shall be evidence in any suit in which such trade-mark shall
be brought in controversy.
Duration of Protection of Registered Trade-Mark and Renewal.
Sec. 4941. A trade-mark registered as above prescribed shall remain in force for thirty
years from the date of such registration; except in cases where such trade-mark is
claimed for and applied to articles not manufactured in this country and in which it
receives protection under the laws of any foreign country for a shorter period, in which
case it shall cease to have any force in this country by virtue of this Act at the same time
that it becomes of no effect elsewhere. Such trade-mark during the period that it remains
in force shall entitle the person, firm, or corporation registering the same to the exclusive
use thereof so far as regards the description of goods to which it is appropriated in the
statement filed under oath as aforesaid, and no other person shall lawfully use the same
trade-mark, or substantially the same, or so nearly resembling it as to be calculated to
deceive, upon substantially the same description of goods. And at any time during the
six months prior to the expiration of the term of thirty years, application may be made
for a renewal of such registration, under regulations to be prescribed by the Commissioner
of Patents. The fee for such renewal shall be the same as for the original registration
and a certificate of such renewal shall be issued in the same manner as for the original
registration; and such trade-mark shall remain in force for a further term of thirty years.
Remedy for Infringement of Registered Trade-Marks.
Sec. 4942. Any person who shall reproduce, counterfeit, copy, or imitate any recorded
trade-mark and affix the same to goods of substantially the same descriptive properties and
qualities as those referred to in the registration, shall be liable to an action on the case for
damages for such wrongful use of such trade-mark, at the suit of the owner thereof; and
the party aggrieved shall also have his remedy according to the course of equity to enjoin
the wrongful use of his trade-mark and to recover compensation therefor in any court
having jurisdiction over the person guilty of such wrongful use.

Restriction upon Actions for Infringement.

Sec. 4943. No action shall be maintained under the provisions of this chapter by any
person claiming the exclusive right to any trade-mark which is used or claimed in any
unlawful business, or upon any article which is injurious in itself, or upon any trade-mark
which has been fraudulently obtained, or which has been formed and used with the
design of deceiving the public in the purchase or use of any article of merchandise.

Penalty for False Registration of Trade-Marks.
Sec. 4944. Any person who shall procure the registry of any trade-mark, or of himself
as the owner of a trade-mark, or an entry respecting a trade-mark in the Patent Office,

373
by making any false or fraudulent representations or declarations, verbally or in writing,
or by any fraudulent means, shall be liable to pay any damages sustained in consequence
of any such registry or entry, to the person injured thereby; to be recovered in an action
on the case.
Former Rights and Remedies Preserved.
Sec. 4945. Nothing in this chapter shall prevent, lessen, impeach, or avoid any remedy
at law or in equity, which any party aggrieved by any wrongful use of any trade-mark
might have had if the provisions of this chapter had not been enacted.
Saving as to Rights after Expiration of Term for which a Trade-Mark has
been Registered.
Sec. 4946. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed by any court as abridging or in
any matter affecting unfavourably the claim of any person to any trade-mark after the
expiration of the term for which such trade-mark was registered.
Regulations for Transfer of Rights to Trade-Marks.
Sec. 4947. The Commissioner of Patents is authorized to make rules, regulations, and
prescribe forms for the transfer of the right to the use of trade-marks, conforming as
nearly as practicable to the requirements of law respecting the transfer and transmission
of copyrights.
CHAPTER 301.
AN Act to amend the Law relating to Patents, Trade-Marks, and Copyrights.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That no person shall maintain an action for the infringe-
ment of his copyright unless he shall give notice thereof by inserting in the several copies
of every edition published, on the title page or the page immediately following, if it be a
book; or if a map, chart, musical composition, print, cut, engraving, photograph, printing,
drawing, chromo, statue, statuary, or model or design intended to be perfected and com-
pleted as a work of the fine arts, by inscribing upon some visible portion thereof, or of
the substance on which the same shall be mounted, the following words, viz.: "Entered
"according to act of Congress, in the year - -, by A.B., in the office of the Librarian
"of Congress, at Washington;" or, at his option, the word "Copyright," together with
the
year the copyright was entered, and the name of the party by whom it was taken out
thus-"Copyright, 18-, by A.B.”
#
Sec. 2. That for recording and certifying any instrument of writing for the assignment
of a copyright, the Librarian of Congress shall receive from the persons to whom the
service is rendered, one dollar; and for every copy of an assignment, one dollar; said fee
to cover in either case, a certificate of the record, under seal of the Librarian of Congress;
and all fees so received shall be paid into the Treasury of the United States.
Restriction on Application of Words " Engraving," " Cut," and "Print."-Other Prints
and Labels may be Registered in Patent Office.-Commissioner of Patents charged
with Supervision.-Fees.
Sec. 3. That in the construction of this act, the words "engraving," "cut," and "print,
shall be applied only to pictorial illustrations or works connected with the fine arts, and
no prints or labels designed to be used for any other articles of manufacture shall be
And the
entered under the copyright law, but may be registered in the Patent Office.
A
374
Commissioner of Patents is hereby charged with the supervision and control of the entry
or registry of such prints or labels, in conformity with the regulations provided by law
as to copyright of prints, except that there shall be paid for recording the title of any
print or label not a trade-mark, six dollars, which shall cover the expense of furnishing a
copy of the record, under the seal of the Commissioner of Patents, to the party entering
the same.
Sec. 4. That all laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the foregoing provisions be
and the same are hereby repealed.
Sec. 5. That this act shall take effect on and after the first day of August, eighteen
hundred and seventy-four.
RULES OF PRACTICE IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,
APRIL, 1875.
MODE OF PROCEEDING TO OBTAIN A PATENT.
APPLICATION.
When Application takes date.
7. For all purposes of Office practice, the date of an application for a patent will be
fixed at the time when the first fee has been paid, an acceptable drawing or model
received, and a specification properly signed, witnessed, and sworn to, filed. After such
date, and during the pendency of an application, either the drawing or model (but not
both at the same time) may be withdrawn for correction, but the specification will not be
permitted to be withdrawn for any purpose whatever.
DRAWINGS.
New Drawings on Re-issues.
22. All re-issue applications must be accompanied by new thick paper drawings, as in
original applications.
MODEL.
Models, when required.
24. A model will be required in every case where the nature of the invention admits
of such illustration, except in applications upon designs. It must clearly exhibit every
feature of the machine which forms the subject of a claim of invention, but should not
include other matter than that covered by the actual invention or improvement, unless it
is necessary to the exhibition of the working model. When the invention is a composi-
tion of matter, a specimen of each of the ingredients and of the composition, properly
marked, must accompany the application.
INTERFERENCES.
Prerequisite to, and dissolving Interferences.
59. An interference will not be declared until the subject-matter involved is decided
to be patentable. If after being declared it is found that no interference in fact exists, or
that there has been such irregularity in declaring the same as will preclude the proper
determination of the question of right between the parties, it will be dissolved, and an
appeal may be taken to the Commissioner in person.


375
Concessions of Priority.
If, during the continuance of an interference, it shall appear that neither party is
entitled to a patent by reason of abandonment, public use, or any other statutory bar, the
examiner of interferences, or examiners-in-chief, as the case may be, will direct the
attention of the Commissioners to the facts, either by a report, if before the hearing, or
in the decision of the question of priority, if the interference comes to a regular hearing.
The Commissioner, if in his judgment it is necessary, will then suspend the interference and
remand the cases to the principal examiner for the determination of any of these questions.
If the judgment be based upon a concession of priority by either of the parties, such
concession must be in writing, and under the signature of the inventor himself; and if there
has been an assignment, the assignee must join in the concession.

EXTENSIONS.
• Remonstrants, what is required of them.
71. Any person who intends to oppose an application for extension must give notice of
such intention to the applicant or his attorney of record within the time hereafter named,
and furnish him with a statement of his reasons of opposition. After this he will be
regarded as a party in the case, and will be entitled to notice of the time and place of
taking testimony, to a list of the names and residences of the witnesses whose testimony
may have been taken previous to his service of notice of opposition, and to a copy of the
application and of any other papers on file, upon paying the cost of copying. He must
also immediately file a copy of such notice and reasons of opposition, with proof of service
of the same, in the Patent Office.
OFFICE FEES, AND HOW PAYABLE.
Tariff of Fees.
107. The following is the tariff of fees established by law :
On filing every application for a design patent for three years and six months- 10 00
On filing every application for a design patent for seven years
On filing every application for a design patent for fourteen years
On filing every caveat
On filing every application for a patent for an invention or discovery
On issuing each original patent for an invention or discovery -
On filing a disclaimer
On filing every application for a reissue
On filing every application for a division of a reissue
On filing every application for an extension.
On the grant of every extension
On filing the first appeal from a primary examiner to examiners-in-chief
On filing an appeal to the Commissioner from examiners-in-chief
On depositing a trade-mark for registration -
For every certified copy of a patent or other instrument, for every 100 words
For recording every assignment of 300 words or under
· 15 00
- 30 00
- 10 00
- 15 00
- 20 00
- 10 00
- 30 00
- 30 00
- 50 00
50 00
- 10 00
· 20 00
- 25 00
6 00
On depositing a label for registration
10
For certified copies of drawings, the reasonable cost of making them.
1.00
For recording every assignment, if over 300 and not over 1,000 words
For recording every assignment, if over 1000 words
2.00
3.00
For uncertified copies of the specifications and accompanying drawings of
patents issued since July 1, 1871-
Single copies.
2560
Twenty copies or more, whether of one or several patents, per copy-2000
For uncertified copies of the specifications and drawings of patents issued
prior to July 1, 1871, the reasonable cost of making the same.
10
376
109. The weekly issue [of patents] will close on Saturday at 12 o'clock.
When patents are to issue to assignees the assignment must be on record before the
closing of the issue, and the request to issue to an assignee must be made in writing at the
time of paying the final fee.
TAKING AND TRANSMITTING TESTIMONY.
Printing of it required.
118. As a general rule printed copies of the testimony will be required, but this require-
ment may be dispensed with on special application to the Commissioner, and showing
satisfactory reasons therefor.
Three printed copies should be furnished, two for the use of the Office and one for the
use of the opposing party. These copies must be filed not less than one week previous to
the day of hearing.
It is also desirable that all arguments should be submitted in printed form, and all
arguments filed at least two days previous to the day of hearing.
J. M. THACHER,
Approved:
C. DELANO,
Secretary of the Interior.
Commissioner.
APPENDIX OF FORMS.
PETITIONS.
6. Assent of Assignee to Reissue.
The undersigned, assignee of the entire [or an undivided] interest in the above-men-
tioned letters patent, hereby assents to the accompanying application.
SPECIFICATION.
C.D.
$
16. For a Machine.
To all whom it may concern :
of
Be it known that I, [here insert the name of the inventor,] of
and state of
"
in the county
have invented a new and useful improvement in saw-
toothing machines, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification,
reference being had to the accompanying drawings:
17. For a Process.
Be it known that I, [here insert the name of the inventor,] of -
To all whom it may concern:
of
in the county
and state of - have invented a new and useful process for separating
smut and other impurities from wheat, which process is fully set forth in the following
specification:
ま
​18. For a Composition of Matter.

To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, [here insert the name of the inventor,] of, in the county
of
have invented a new and useful compound, called “wood
oil," which compound is fully described in the following specification:
and state of
377
To all whom it may concern :
19. For a Design.
Be it known that I, [here insert the name of the originator of the design,] of
-,
in the county of -, and state of, have originated and designed a pattern for
carpets, or other fabrics, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description,
reference being had to the accompanying photographic illustration or drawing, making
part of this specification :
To all whom it may concern:
20. For a Trade-mark.
Be it known that I, [here insert the name of the applicant,] of, in the county
of
-, and state of -, have adopted for
use a trade-mark for cotton
sheetings, of which the following specification is a full, clear, and exact description :
State of
County of
OATHS.
30. Oath of Applicant for Registration of Trade-mark.
-}
} ss :
A. B., being duly sworn, deposes and says that he is a member of the firm of A. B.,
C. D., and Co., above named; that he verily believes that said firm has the right to the
use of the trade-mark described in the foregoing specification, and that no other person,
firm, or corporation has the right to such use, either in the identical form or having such
near resemblance thereto as might he calculated to deceive; and that the description and
fac-simile presented for record are true copies of the trade-mark sought to be protected,
in
and that he resides in
and all the other members of the firm reside at
the state of
; and that they are all domiciled in
and are citizens of
A. B.
E. F.,
Justice of the Peace.
>
Sworn to and subscribed before me, this 15th day of July, 1870.
APPEALS.
31a. From the Examiner of Trade-marks to the Commissioner.
To the Commissioner of Patents:
SIR: I hereby appeal to you in person from the decision of the examiner of trade-
marks, dated November 15, 1872, in the matters of my application for the registration of
a trade-mark for cigars. The following are the reasons assigned: (Here follow the
reasons).
APPENDIX.
REGISTRATION OF PRINTS AND LABELS.
By an Act of Congress approved June 18, 1874, (to take effect on and after the 1st day
of August 1874,) it is provided that certain prints and labels may be registered in this
Office.
Sec. 3. That in the construction of this act the words "engraving," "cut," and "print,"
shall be applied only to pictorial illustrations or works connected with the fine arts, and
no prints or labels designed to be used for any other articles of manufacture shall be entered
under the copyright law, but may be registered in the Patent Office. And the Commis-
sioner of Patents is hereby charged with the supervision and control of the entry or registry
of such prints or labels, in conformity with the regulations provided by law as to copyright
of prints, except that there shall be paid for recording the title of any print, or label, not
a trade-mark, six dollars, which shall cover the expense for furnishing a copy of the record
under the seal of the Commissioner of Patents, to the party entering the same.
Sec. 4. That all laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the foregoing provisions be,
and the same are hereby repealed.


378
:
Sec. 5. That this act shall take effect on and after the 1st day of August, eighteen
hundred and seventy-four.

Approved, June 18, 1874.
By the word "print," as used in the said act, is meant any device, picture, word or
words, figure or figures (not a trade-mark) impressed or stamped directly upon the articles
of manufacture, to denote the name of the manufacturer, or place of manufacture, style of
goods, or other matter.
By the word "label," as therein used, is meant a slip or piece of paper, or other material
to be attached in any manner to manufactured articles, or to bottles, boxes, and packages
containing them, and bearing an inscription, (not a trade-mark,) as, for example, the name of
the manufacturer or the place of manufacture, the quality of goods, directions for use, &c.
By the words "articles of manufacture," to which such print or label is applicable by
said act, are meant all vendible commodities produced by hand, machinery, or art.
But no such print or label can be registered unless it properly belong to an article of
commerce, and be as above defined; nor can the same be registered as such print or label
when it amounts in law to a technical trade-mark.
To entitle the owner of any such print or label to register the same in this office, it is
necessary that five copies of the same be filed, one of which copies shall be certified under
the seal of the Commissioner of Patents, and returned to the registrant.
FORM OF APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION.
[Making necessary changes to suit each case.]
[For an Individual.]
To the Commissioner of Patents:
The undersigned, John Fisher, of the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and state of
New York, and a citizen of the United States, [or resident therein, as the case may be,]
hereby furnishes five copies of a print, [or "label," as the case may be,] of which he is
the sole proprietor.
The said print [or "label"] consists of the words and figures as follows, to wit:
[Description.]
And he hereby requests that the said print be registered in the Patent Office, in
accordance with the act of Congress to that effect, approved June 18, 1874.
Brooklyn, N.Y., August 1, 1874.
[For a Corporation.]
Proprietor.
The applicant, a corporation created by authority of the laws of the state of New York,
[or other authority, as the case may be,] and doing business in said state, hereby furnishes
five copies of a label, [or "print" as the case may be,] of which it is the sole proprietor.
The said label consists of the words and figures as follows, to wit: [Description.]
And it is hereby requested that the said label be registered in the Patent Office, in
accordance with the act of Congress to that effect, approved June 18, 1874.
Witness the seal of the said corporation at
[Seal]
1874.
President, [or other officer.]
The certificate of such registration will continue in force for twenty-eight years.
The fee for registration of a print or label is six dollars, to be paid in the same manner
as fees for patents.
The benefits of this act seem to be confined to citizens, or residents, of the United
States.label

The Compiler is indebted to Dr. George Haseltine, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., of
8, Southampton Buildings, London, for the preceding information on the Patent and Trade-Mark Laws,
as at present in force in the United States.
379
AMERICAN CONSULAR REGULATIONS RELATING TO THE
AUTHENTICATION OF INVOICES.
Prescribed by the President of the United States, October 1, 1870.
All invoices of importations from countries in which there are such officers, must, before
shipment of the merchandise, be produced to and authenticated by the United States con-
sular officer nearest the place of shipment for the United States. In countries without a
United States consular officer, the authentication is made, 1st, by a consul of a country in
amity with the United States, who resides there, or, 2nd, if there be no such consul, then
by two respectable resident merchants.
By the place of shipment is meant the place where the merchandise has been manufac-
tured, finished, or finally prepared for exportation, and where the journey to the United
States commences; and is not necessarily the place where it is actually put on board ship.
Countries adjacent to the United States are excepted from the above rules. The authen-
tication there may be by the consular officer at or nearest to the port or place of clearance
for the latter.
All such invoices must be triplicate; the three copies to be regarded as one invoice, and
subject to only one charge for consular certificate.
The authentication must be by certificate under the consular seal, and must be either
indorsed on each copy of the invoice, or attached by tape, cord, or ribbon, passed under the
seal in such manner as to secure integrity.
The certificate must state that the invoice has been produced to the officer certifying;
also the date of such production, the name and identity of the person producing, and the
intended port of destination of the merchandise in the United States, as declared by such
person.
It is desirable that it should also, as far as practicable, indicate the facts in regard to
market values at the principal markets of the country, of all merchandise the duty on which
is in any respect or part based on such values.
The Act of March 3, 1865, fully recognizes the solemnity of these certificates, and the
importance of consular fidelity in regard to them; but consular officers are not to consider
themselves authorised under its provisions absolutely to withhold their certificates, even
when they believe the cost or market values set forth in the invoice to be too low, but in
such cases they will, on due investigation, certify on the invoice what, in their opinion, is
such true market value, and let the importer take the hazard of satisfying customs officers
of the contrary.
To facilitate this, it is recommended that every invoice should, upon its face, at the right
" in which, when
hand margin, have a blank column for "consular corrections of invoices;
he deems it necessary, the consul may enter in figures what he regards as the true values
at the principal markets of the country, and certify accordingly, as set forth in forms.
It is the duty of consular officers to acquaint themselves as thoroughly as possible with
market values at the principal markets of their districts; with the weights, measures, tares,
bounties, &c. there used; and in general with all requisites to enable them to certify in-
telligently. They may retain invoices for a reasonable time for proper inquiry.
To judge correctly the market value of any given article, it will often be important to
inquire carefully as to prices in sales thereof for other markets than our own. When the
United States are the principal consumers, and fictitious sales to create nominal values are
detected, consuls should ascertain the actual cost of production, and add the customary per-
centage for profits. In such cases especial care is enjoined as to certificates.
They will, in all proper cases, require samples of the merchandise to be deposited with
them, especially when the invoice descriptions of merchandise are not specific and full
enough to enable them, or customs officers, intelligently to judge of the market value with-
out inspection of the merchandise itself. It is particularly enjoined upon consular officers
at London, Manchester, Leeds, Glasgow, Belfast, Paris, Lyons, Zurich, Basle, Aix-la-

380

Chapelle, Berlin, Leipsic, Dresden, Vienna, Frankfort, and Brussels, generally to require
samples of all merchandise imported from there, of a nature to be sampled.
All samples must be accompanied by a card or statement, which, if practicable, shall be
attached thereto, containing the particulars indicated on the form prescribed by the depart-
ment, including the certificate at the bottom thereof, which must be signed by the shipper
or his agent; and samples of textiles must be of such size as may be indicated by the proper
revenue officer of the Treasury department.
All samples must be carefully preserved, together with the cards or statements accom-
panying them, and must not be suffered to be inspected or seen by others than officers or
agents of the Government, except in cases of exhibition for the purpose of ascertaining or
establishing the market value or price; in which case the name of the shipper will not be
made known.
Every invoice must be signed by the owners or shippers of the merchandise invoiced, if
the same has been actually purchased; or by the manufacturers or owners, if the same has
been otherwise obtained; or, if in either case this is impracticable, then by a duly autho-
rised agent.
It must, when produced to the consul, be indorsed with a declaration signed by such
purchaser, manufacturer, owner, or agent, setting forth-

(a.) That it is in all respects true.
(b.) That no different invoice of the articles therein mentioned has been, or will be,
furnished to any one.
(c.) That it sets forth the actual quantity, respectively, of all articles therein named which
are subject to specific duty.
(d.) That as to all articles therein named, which are subject, either wholly or partly, to a
duty based upon their value, and obtained by purchase, it contains a true and full statement
of the time and place of purchase, their actual cost, and all charges upon them in the
currency paid therefor; and when otherwise obtained, the actual market value thereof,
respectively, at the principal markets of the country in which they were obtained or manu-
factured.
(e.) That no discounts, bounties, or drawbacks are contained in said invoice but such as
have been actually allowed.
This declaration on the part of the owner, manufacturer, purchaser, or agent, whether
under oath or not, is the verification of the invoice before shipment, recognised and pre-
scribed by the Acts of March 3, 1863, and March 3, 1865, and must not be confounded with
consular authentication.
The declaration should, if possible, be made by the actual owner, manufacturer, or
shipper of the merchandise. No agent must be permitted to make it, or otherwise verify
the invoice, without having first filed with the consul a duly executed power of attorney,
authorising him to act for and bind his principal.
When a verification by oath or affirmation of the owner, shipper, manufacturer, or agent,
is deemed necessary by the consular officer, the affiant may, in countries where an oath, to
be of legal force, must be taken before a local magistrate, or other officer, take the same
before any such officer. The language and form of the oath, if taken by foreigners, should
be those of their country. For the authentication of a signature in these cases, the fee of
two dollars, prescribed by the consular tariff, is to be charged.
Consular officers are forbidden to be in any way interested in the fees, or to interfere
with the selection of such magistrate, or other officer. They may, in their discretion, on
points on
on which they are in doubt, examine experts and others, either on affidavit or
orally, without charge or expense to the United States Government.
To facilitate the operations of the custom-house, consuls will take care that, when
practicable, all invoices are properly folded and indorsed, and all blanks properly filled.
One invoice must not embrace merchandise shipped by two or more vessels.
Every invoice must truly state quantities in the weights and measures of the country or
place from which the importations are made, without respect to those of the United States

381
and should set forth the quantity by weight of all woollen, worsted, mohair, and mixed
goods, (excepting carpeting and bunting); also of cotton bagging, of crinoline, corset, and
hat steel wire, and the quantity by weight, measure, or tale, respectively, of all other goods
the duty of which is estimated partly on either weight, measure, or tale.
When the value of a foreign currency mentioned in the invoice is not fixed by United
States laws, as set forth in the "Table of Equivalents," or shall have depreciated, or
have been debased subsequently to the passage of such laws, the invoice must be accom-
panied by a consular certificate, showing the value of such currency in United States
silver dollars. No such certificates are required as to invoices of Swiss goods, made out
in the franc federal; the franc of France being the standard value thereof.
The consular officer must return one of the triplicates to the person producing them;
file one in his office for careful preservation; and, as soon as practicable, transmit the
remaining one directly to the collector of the port of destination of the merchandise, either
by the master of the vessel in which shipment is made, or by mail, and without the inter-
vention of any party in interest.
Prior to forwarding the last named copy, the consul shall stamp, near the bottom of its
first page, at the left-hand corner, and upon his certificate (on which he shall personally
write his name,) the amount of the invoice, its consular number, the name of the consulate,
and the amount and number of the fee received for the consular authentication.
The said copy (or copies, if there are two or more invoices to be forwarded by the same
vessel or mail) must then be placed in an envelope, carefully addressed to the collector,
and stamped with the name of the consulate and the date. The blank for the numbers
of the invoices must be filled in writing. A small silk cord or narrow ribbon must then
be passed through the envelope, near the ends and sides, and under the consular seal, with
which the envelope must be carefully sealed.
When invoices are transmitted from a consulate in the interior, or place of purchase,
or manufacture, to the consul of the port of shipment therein designated, to be thence
forwarded to the proper collector, the package must be accompanied with a descriptive list
to facilitate comparison with the ship's manifest, before taking the master's receipt, as per
form. The latter consul must see that the integrity of the package is duly secured in the
manner prescribed in the preceding paragraph.
The copy filed at the consulate must be carefully folded, and indorsed with its number,
date, the name of the owner or shipper, and the name of the vessel in which the merchan-
dise is shipped.
Consular officers will, on request of the proper collectors, supply them, free of charge,
with copies of any such documents on file in their offices as they may need in the discharge
of their official duties. Copies prepared by other persons for their own use will, on
request, be certified on payment of two dollars. When, however, duplicates of originals
are required, or the copy is prepared by the consul, the schedule fee will be exacted as for
original service.
If a consular officer ascertains and has reliable evidence of the falsity of an oath,
administered either by himself or by a local magistrate whose certificate he has authenti-
cated, he should notify the Treasury Department; which will transmit to him the original
invoice and oath, to be used, if deemed expedient, in a prosecution for perjury. He
should also promptly inform the Treasury Department, and the collector of the port to
which goods may be destined, of all errors and frauds discovered in invoices that have
been certified by him.
The Act of June 27, 1864, authorises the Secretary of the Treasury to make regulations
for sealing vessels, cars, and other vehicles coming into the United States with dutiable
merchandise from any contiguous foreign lands or countries.



#
382
CUSTOM-HOUSE FEES AT ALL PORTS EXCEPTING THOSE ON THE
NORTHERN, NORTH-EASTERN, AND NORTH-WESTERN FRONTIERS
OF THE UNITED STATES.
Treasury Regulations of 1874,
1. For the admeasurement of tonnage and certifying the same, for every trans-
verse section under the tonnage deck
2. For each between-decks, above tonnage deck -
$cts.
1 50
3. 00
3. For each poop or closed-in space above the upper or spar deck, required by
law to be admeasured
4. Certificate of registry or record, including bond and oath
6. For every bond under the Registry Act
1 50
2.25
5. Indorsement of change of master on certificate of registry or of record
1. 00
0 25
7. Certificate of enrolment
0 50
8. Each indorsement on certificate of enrolment of change of master
0 20
9. License and granting the same, including bond and oath, to a vessel of not
over 20 tons
0 25
If above 20 and not over 100 tons
0 50
If over 100 tons
10. Indorsement on a license of change of master
1.00
0 20
11. Certifying manifest, and granting permit for licensed vessel to go from district
to district, if under 50 tons
0 25
Of 50 tons or over
0 50
12. Receiving certified manifest, and granting permit on arrival of such vessel, if
under 50 tons
Of 50 tons or over
0 25
050
13. Certifying manifest, and granting permission to registered vessel to go from
district to district -
1 50
14. Receiving certified manifest, and granting permit on arrival of registered
vessel
1 50
15. Granting permit to a vessel not belonging to a citizen of the United States, to
go from district to district, and for receiving manifest
2.00

16. Receiving manifest, and granting permit to unload, for last-mentioned vessel
on arrival at one district from another
2.00
17. Granting permit to a vessel engaged in the fishery, to trade at a foreign
port
18. Report and entry of foreign goods imported in such vessel
19. Entry of vessel of 100 tons or more, from a foreign port
Entry of vessel under 100 tons
Clearance of vessel of 100 tons or more, for a foreign port
Clearance of vessel under 100 tons
20. Post entry
21. Permit to land or deliver goods or baggage
22. Bond taken officially-
23. Permit to lade goods for exportation
24. Permit to lade goods for exportation, entitled to drawback
25. Debenture, or other official certificate
26. Bill of health
27 Receipt for tonnage dues
1 50
2.50
1 50
2.00
0 20
0.40
0 30
0.30
0 20
0 20
0 20
0 25
0 25
2.50
383
28. Official documents, registers excepted, required by any merchant, owner, or
master of any vessel, not before enumerated, as orders, permits, and other
documents requiring the collector's signature, including certificates on in-
voices, and shipper's manifests; and for every jurat or verification on oath,
not otherwise provided for
29. Services other than admeasurement, to be performed by the surveyor in
foreign-going vessels of 100 tons or more, having on board merchandise
subject to duty
30. For like services in vessels under 100 tons, having similar merchandise
31. For like services on all foreign-going vessels not having merchandise subject
to duty
32. Protection
33. Crew list
34. Weighing of weighable articles exported, upon which a drawback or return
duty is allowed, or withdrawn from bonded warehouse for export, per
100 pounds. (To be accounted for to the Treasury as miscellaneous
custom receipts)
35. Weighing of salt to cure fish. (See Treasury Regulations of 1874, Arts. 739,
743, and 744. See also Regs. of 1868, Part V., Art. 122, and Supple-
mentary Regs. of July 27th, 1872.)
$cts.
- 0 20
3. 00
1 50
0 67
· O 25
0 25
0.03
37. Weighing of other weighable articles in the districts of Boston, New York,
Philadelphia, and Baltimore, per 112 lbs. -
36. Measuring salt withdrawn in quantities less than an entire importation, for the
curing of fish, per hundred bushels
0 75
0 012
38. Weighing of other weighable articles in the district of Norfolk
39. Weighing of other weighable articles in all other districts
0 021
003
- 0 10
[Weighers' fees are not to be collected, unless weighing is necessary to
determine dutiable value; and goods entered for immediate exportation, and
not actually deposited in warehouse, are exempted from such fees.]
40. Gauging of gaugeable articles exported, upon which drawback or return duty
is allowed, and gauging of goods withdrawn from bonded warehouse for
export, per cask -
[Fee not applicable to goods exported in cases.]
41. Gauging of other articles :-
Casks, each
Cases and baskets containing wines and distilled spirits, each -
42. For counting the number of bottles of cider, beer, ale, porter, &c. contained in
any package, per dozen bottles
43. Measuring, per hundred bushels :-
Coal, chalk, brimstone, &c.
Salt
Potatoes, grain, and all similar measurable articles
0 12
0 041
0.011/20
0.90
0.75
0.45
Marble, lumber, and all similar articles, the actual expense incurred
[Measurers, weighers, and gaugers are to be paid monthly by the collector, and
the amount so paid should be charged to the United States.]
44. For recording bill of sale, mortgage, hypothecation, or conveyance of a vessel
under Act of July 29, 1850
-
0.50%
50
- 0 50
45. For recording certificate for discharging and cancelling any such conveyance-
46. For furnishing a certificate setting forth the names of the owners of any regis-410
tered or enrolled vessel, the parts or proportions owned by each, and also AD
the material facts of any existing bill of sale, mortgage, hypothecation, or it
other encumbrance, the date, amount of such encumbrance, and from and
Bung of - 1 00
to whom made

384
$ cts.
47. For furnishing copies of such records, for each bill of sale, mortgage, or other
conveyance
· O 50
FEES FOR THE INSPECTION OF STEAM VESSELS.
In addition to the fees above-mentioned for issuing enrolments, licenses, or
registers to vessels, the following fees are to be collected under the Act to
provide for the better security of life on board of vessels propelled in whole
or in part by steam. They should be paid over to the chief officer of the
Customs, under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Treasury
Department, and by him be deposited to the credit of the Treasurer of the
United States, to create a fund for the payment of the expenses of enforcing
the Act above cited. They are to be accounted for as other revenue re-
ceipts, and should not be included in the emolument account.
48. For the inspection and examination of steam vessels made for the year, and for
furnishing the inspection certificate:-
For each steam vessel of 100 tons or under
49. For every ton in excess of 100 tons
50. For the licensing of each captain, chief engineer, and first-class pilot of a
steam vessel
51. For the licensing of every engineer and pilot of inferior grade
52. For the licensing of a chief mate of a steam vessel
25.00
0 05
-
10 00
5 00
5.00
Duties performed by surveyor on vessel of whatever tonnage with free cargo
Jurat to passenger list
Duties performed by surveyor on vessel of less than 100 tons, if there be
dutiable cargo
Duties performed by the surveyor on vessel of 100 tons or upwards, if there
be dutiable cargo
FOR THE SERVICES MENTIONED BELOW FEES ARE COLLECTIBLE AS FOLLOWS:-
53. Entry of a vessel, American or Foreign, from a foreign port with passengers :—
Entry of a vessel of 100 tons or upwards
Entry of a vessel, if of less than 100 tons
2.50
1 50
3. 00
1 50
0 67
0 20
Permit to land old sails, chronometers, and water casks if required
0 20
Permit to land ballast, if required
0 20
Permit to land passengers' baggage
0 20
General order to discharge
0 20
Post entry, if necessary
2.00
Hospital dues, if American vessel, 40 cents per month for each seaman em-
ployed since last entry
Oath to hospital return, if American vessel
0.20
Tonnage duty, at 30 cents per ton, American measure, if due
Certificate of payment of tonnage dues, if required
0.20
Permit to take in cargo or ballast while discharging, if required
Descriminating tonnage duty upon vessels of certain nations
C 20
54. Clearance of a foreign vessel for a foreign port with passengers :-
Of 100 tons or upward
Of less than 100 tens
Bill of health
Bond to retain cargo on board, if required
Permit to retain cargo on board, if required
Oath to passenger list
2.50
1.50
0 20
0.40
0 20
20%
0 20
2294
385
Tonnage duty, at 30 cents per ton, if due
Certificate of American growth or production, if required
Certified copy of outward manifest, if required
Departure permit, when required
Postal oath, if not embodied in general oath on clearance
Certificate of payment of tonnage dues
55. Clearance of an American vessel for a foreign port with passengers
$ cts.
0.20
0.20
0.20
0 20
0 20
Fees, same as above, and bond for crew
0.40
Certified crew list
0 25
Certificate to shipping articles.
0 20
56. Entry of an American vessel sailing under register, in the coasting trade,
touching at a foreign port, under the Act of May 27, 1848, and bringing
thence cargo and passengers:
Foreign entry, if of vessel of 100 tons or upwards
2.50
If of less than 100 tons
1 50
Duties performed by surveyor on vessel of less than 100 tons, if there be
dutiable cargo
Duties performed by the surveyor on vessel of 100 tons or upwards, if there
be dutiable cargo
3.00
1 50
Permit to land passengers' baggage
Duties performed by surveyor on vessel of whatever tonnage, with free cargo
Jurat to passenger list
Permit to land old sails, chronometers, &c., if required
Permit to land ballast, if required
General order to discharge
Post entry, if necessary
0 67
0 20
0 20
0 20
0 20
0 20
2.00
Oath to hospital return
Hospital dues (see paragraph 53).
Permit to take in coal, cargo, or ballast while discharging
Tonnage duty, if due
Certificate of payment of tonnage dues, if required.
Receiving certified manifest and granting permit, for each manifest
0 20
0 20
0 20
1 50
57. Clearance of an American vessel sailing under a register, touching at a
foreign port, under the Act of May 27, 1848, and carrying cargo and
passengers:-
Clearance of vessel of 100 tons or upwards
2. 50
Clearance of vessel under 100 tons
150
Bill of health
0 20
Bond to retain cargo on board, if required
0 40
Permit to retain cargo on board, if required
0 20
Oath to passenger list
0 20
Postal oath, if not embodied in general oath on clearance
0 20
Tonnage duty, at 30 cents per ton, if due
Certificate of American production, if required
0 20
Certificate of payment of tonnage dues
0 20
Bond for crew
Certified crew list
Certified copy of outward manifest, if required
Certificate to shipping articles
Certificate to coastwise manifest, and permit·
Departure permit, if required
0.40
0 25
0 20
0 20
1 50
0.20
Bb
36247.
386
$
58. Entry of merchandise for immediate consumption on arrival (Form 80, Art.
347, Regs. 1874).
Certificate to each invoice (Art. 349, Regs. 1874)
Permit to land
Oath of importer, consignee, or agent
Bond, if any
1
59. Warehouse entry (Form 120, Art. 593, Regs. 1874).
Oath to entry
Certificate to each invoice
Permit to warehouse
Warehousing bond
$ cts.
0 20
0 20
0.20
0 40
1 00
0 20
0 20
0 20
#
0 40
1 00
60. Withdrawal entry for consumption at port of original importation (Form 125,
Art. 617, Regs. 1874).
Permit
0 20
Penal bond, if required, 40 cents additional
61. Withdrawal entry for consumption at a port other than that of original impor-
tation (Forms 127 and 142, Arts. 618 and 653, Regs. 1874).
Permit
- 0 20
Penal bond, if required, 40 cents additional
62. Withdrawal entry for transportation in the United States, at the port of
original importation (Form 128, Art. 631, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874).
Oath to entry
Transportation bond -
0 20
0.40
Permit to deliver
0 20
Permit or order to load
0 20
Certificate to copy of invoice (Art. 638, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874)
0 20
1 20
63. Withdrawal entry for transportation in the United States, at a port other than
that of original importation (Forms 129 and 143, Arts. 631 and 653, Reg.
Jan. 1, 1874).
64. Re-warehousing entry (Form 136, Art. 645, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874).
Fees, same as in par. 62.
Oath to entry
Permit to warehouse -
Re-warehousing bond
Certificate to cancel transportation bond
Certificate to invoice
0 20
0 20
0.40
0 20
0 20
1 20

387
:
65. Re-warehouse withdrawal entry for exportation (Form 144, Art. 653, and
Form 170, Art. 703, Reg. of Jan. 1, 1874).
Oath to entry
Bond to export
Permit to deliver
Order to survey or to load
$ cts.
0.20
0.40
0 20
0 30
1 10
66. Re-warehousing and withdrawal entry for consumption (Form 145, Art. 654,
Reg. Jan. 1, 1874).
Oath to entry
Penal bond
Permit to deliver
Certificate to cancel bond
Certificate to invoice -
67. Re-warehouse entry for immediate exportation (Form 147, Art. 656, Reg.
Jan. 1, 1874).
Oath to entry
Exporter's oath, if not combined with oath to entry
Permit to deliver
Export bond-
Order to load
Certificate to cancel transportation bond
Certificate to invoice
68. Entry for warehouse and immediate transportation in the United States (Form
152, Art. 658, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874).
Oath to entry
Oath to transport, if not combined with oath to entry
Bond
Permit to deliver
Order to load
Certificate to invoice
Certificate to copy of invoice
69. Export entry from port of original importation (Form 164, Art. 698, Reg.
Jan. 1, 1874).
Exporter's oath
Export bond
Permit to deliver
Order on surveyor to ship
0.20
0.40
0 20
0 20
0 20
1 20
0 20
0 20
0 20
0.40
0 30
0 20
0 20
1 70
0 20
0 20
0.40
0 20
0 20
0 20
0 20
1 60
0 20
0 40
V40 20
0 30
1 10
Bb 2
388
70. Warehouse and exportation entry (Form 171, Art. 704, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874).
Certificate to invoice
Export bond
Oath
Permit to deliver
Order on surveyor to ship'
1
71. Withdrawal entry for transportation and exportation in bond to Mexico (Form
187, Art. 726, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874).
Oath
Bond to export
Permit to deliver
Order to load
Certificate to manifest
$ cts.
0.20
0.40
0 20
0.20
0 30
1 30
弱
​72. Entry for immediate transportation and exportation in bond to Canada (Form
177, Arts. 707 and 718, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874).
Certificate to invoice
Oath of exporter
Bond to transport and export
Permit to deliver
Order to surveyor to load
Certificate to manifest
[Any additional permit, if necessary, 20 cents.]
0.20
0.40
0 20
0.30
0 20
1 30
73. Withdrawal entry from warehouse for transportation and exportation in bond
to Canada (Form 185, Art. 722, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874).
Oath of exporter
Bond to transport and export
Permit to deliver
Order to surveyor
Certificate to manifest
74. Entry for immediate transportation of unappraised merchandise (Form 154,
Art. 675, Reg. Jan. 1. 1874).
Oath to entry
Transportation bond
Certificate to invoice
Permit to deliver, and order to load
Certificate to manifest (Art. 680, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874)
0 20
0 20
0.40
0 20
0 30
0 20
1 50
0 20
040
0 20
0 30
0 20
1 30

0 20
0.40
0 20
0.40
0 20

1.40
389
75. Export entry from warehouse for benefit of drawback (Form 211, Art. 815,
Reg. Jan. 1, 1874).
Oath
Export bond
Permit to deliver
Order to load
Debenture certificate
$ cts.
0 20
0.40
0 20
0 30
0.20
1 30
[If weighable goods exported, three cents per hundred pounds for weighing,
and if gaugeable goods exported, ten cents per cask for gauging.]
76. Export entry of manufactured articles for drawback (Form 214, Art. 819,
Reg. Jan 1, 1874).
Debenture certificate
Oath to entry
0 20
Export bond
0.40
0 20
Order for examination of goods (Treasury Circular, December 12, 1868)
Order on surveyor to ship
0 20
0 30
77. Transportation entry for exportation for drawback (Form 217, Art. 823, Reg.
Jan. 1, 1874).
Oath
Bond
Order for examination
Order to load for transportation
Debenture certificate -
1 30
0 20
0.40
0 20
0 20
0 20
1 20
At the port of arrival, there will be charged:
For order on surveyor to ship for exportation
For certificate of exportation
0.30
0 20
0.50
Like fees to the foregoing should be collected upon exportation of goods under Internal
Revenue Acts.
*
%
390
CUSTOM-HOUSE FEES ON THE NORTHERN, NORTH-EASTERN, AND
NORTH-WESTERN FRONTIERS OF THE UNITED STATES.
*
Treasury Regulations of 1874.
$ cts.
1. For the admeasurement of tonnage and certifying the same, for every trans-
verse section under the tonnage deck
1 50
3.00
2. For each between decks, above the tonnage deck
3. For each closed-in space above the upper or spar deck, required by law to be
admeasured (no fees being chargeable for admeasuring a vessel under five
tons in burden)
4. For certificate of enrolment, including bond and oath
1 50
1 10
5. For granting a license, including bond and oath, to a vessel not over 20 tons
in burden -
0 45
6. For granting a license to a vessel above 20 tons and not over 100 tons, in-
cluding bond and oath
0 70
1 20
7. For granting a license to a vessel above 100 tons, including bond and oath
8. For certifying a manifest, including master's oath, and granting a permit for
a vessel under 50 tons, to go from district to district, whether belonging to
a citizen of the United States or otherwise
9. For certifying a manifest, including master's oath, and granting a permit for
a vessel over 50 tons, to go from district to district, whether belonging to
citizens of the United States or otherwise
0 25
0 50
10. For receiving a manifest, including oath of master, on arrival of a vessel under
50 tons from one collection district at another, whether touching at an
intermediate foreign port or not
11. For receiving a manifest, including master's oath, on arrival of a vessel of 50
tons or over from one collection district at another, whether touching at an
intermediate foreign port or not
12. For certifying a manifest, including oath of master, and granting a permit to
a vessel under 50 tons, laden with a cargo destined for a port or place in
another district at which there is no custom-house
13. For certifying a manifest, including master's oath, and granting a permit to a
vessel above 50 tons, laden with a cargo destined for a port or place in
another district at which there is no custom-house
0 25
0 50
0 25
050
14. For certificate to a manifest of a vessel trading from place to place in a district
(when required) -
0 20
15. For the entry of a vessel directly from a foreign port
0 50
2
16. For the clearance of a vessel sailing directly to a foreign port, otherwise than
by the sea
17. For a post entry
0 50
2.00
18. For a permit to land or deliver imported goods not included in any entry (see
item 29)
0 20
19. For a bond officially taken, not otherwise provided for
0 50
20. For a permit or order to load goods for exportation, whether for benefit of
drawback or otherwise
030
21. For debenture or other official certificate, not otherwise provided for ·
22. For recording bills of sale, mortgages, hypothecations, or conveyances of
vessels
0 20
0 50

23. For recording a certificate for discharging or cancelling any such conveyance
0 50
391
24. For furnishing a certificate setting forth the names of the owners of any regis-
tered or enrolled vessel, the parts or proportions owned by each; and, also, the
material facts of any existing bill of sale, mortgage, hypothecation, or other
encumbrance, the date and amount of such encumbrance, and from and to
whom made
25. For furnishing copies of such records: for each bill of sale, mortgage, or other
conveyance
26. For a certificate of the payment of tonnage dues (see item 21)
$cts.
1 00
0 50

0 20
27. For a permit to transfer goods from one storehouse to another, when re-
quired by owner or importer (see item 18)
28. For receiving a manifest of each railroad car or other vehicle, laden in
foreign contiguous territory, with goods, wares, or merchandise, destined
for the United States, and administering the prescribed oath
[No fees should be exacted for receiving or certifying manifests of railroad
cars, or other vehicles, laden with goods, wares, or merchandise, passing
from one port or place in the United States, to another therein, through
foreign contiguous territory.]
29. For entry of goods, wares, and merchandise, for consumption, warehouse or
re-warehouse, transportation or exportation, including oath and permit to
land or deliver the same
[Combined entries will be treated as two entries, and charged for accord-
ingly.]
30. For certificate of registry, including bond and oath
31. For indorsement of change of master on registry
32. For indorsement of change of master on license (see item 21)
33. The fees above mentioned (so far as they concern vessels), are applicable in
the case of all vessels navigating the waters of the northern, north-
eastern, and north-western frontiers otherwise than by the sea, and no fees
other than those above specially enumerated can be legally collected
from the owners or masters as such, of vessels (not being steamers)
enrolled or licensed on said frontiers.
34. Bill of health -
0 20
0 25
050
2 25
1.00
0 20
0 25
35. Crew-list, including bond
36. Protection
1 00
0.50
37. Weighing of weighable articles withdrawn from bonded warehouse for
export, per 100 lbs.
0 03
38. Weighing of salt to cure fish. (See Treas. Reg. of 1874, Arts. 739, 743,
and 744. Also Regs. of 1868, Part V., Art. 122, and Supplementary
Regulations of July 27, 1872.)
39. Salt withdrawn in quantities less than an entire importation for the curing
of fish, per 100 bushels
40. Weighing of other weighable articles, per 112 pounds
[Weighers' fees are not to be collected, unless weighing is necessary to
determine dutiable value; and goods entered for immediate exportation,
and not actually deposited in warehouse, are exempt from such fees.]
41. Gauging of gaugeable articles exported, or withdrawn from warehouse for
exportation, per cask
[Fee is not applicable to goods exported in cases.]
Casks, each
42. Gauging of other articles
Cases and baskets containing wines and distilled spirits, each
43. For counting the number of bottles of cider, beer, ale, porter, &c. contained
in any package, per dozen bottles
0 75
0 03
0 10

0 12
0 041
200 011
392
44. Measuring, per 100 bushels :-
Coal, chalk, brimstone, &c.
Salt
Potatoes, seeds, grain, and all similar measurable articles
45. Marble, lumber, and other similar articles, the actual expense incurred.
FEES FOR THE INSPECTION OF STEAM VESSELS.
46. In addition to the fees above mentioned, for issuing enrolments, licenses, or
registers to vessels, the following fees are to be collected under the Act to
provide for the better security of life on board of vessels propelled in
whole or in part by steam. They should be paid over to the cashier of
the Customs, under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Depart-
ment, and by him deposited to the credit of the Treasurer of the United
States, to create a fund for the payment of the expenses of enforcing the
Act above cited. They are to be accounted for as other revenue receipts,
and should not be included in the emolument account.
47. For the inspection and examination of steam vessels made for the year, and
for furnishing the inspection certificate:-
For each steam vessel of 100 tons, or under
48. For every ton in excess of 100 tons
49. For the licensing of each captain, chief engineer, and first class pilot of a
steam vessel
50. For the licensing of every engineer and pilot of inferior grade
51. For the licensing of a chief mate of a steam vessel
$cts.
0.90
0 75
0 45
25 00
0.05
10 00
5.00
5 00
FOR THE SERVICES MENTIONED BELOW, FEES ARE COLLECTABLE AS FOLLOWS:
52. Entry of a vessel directly from a foreign port with passengers :—
Entry
0.50
Permit to land old sails, water casks, chronometer, &c., if required
Permit to land sand ballast, if required
Permit to land passengers' baggage, if required
General order to discharge, if required
Tonnage duty
Post entry, if made
0.20
0 20
0 20
0 20
2.00
53. Clearance of a foreign vessel, for a foreign port, with passengers :—
Clearance
0 50
Bond to retain cargo, if necessary
0 50
Tonnage duty
54. Clearance of an American vessel directly for a foreign port, with passengers :---
Clearance
0 50
Bond to retain cargo, if necessary
0.50

Tonnage duty
Bond for return of crew, if necessary
0 50
a
Certificate to crew list if required
0 20
Certificate to shipping articles, if necessary
0 20
55. Entry of an American vessel engaged in the coasting trade, and touching at a
foreign port, under the Act of July 1, 1870, and joint resolution of February
10, 1871.
For receiving manifest, and certifying to oath, of a vessel of 50 tons or over
For receiving manifest, and certifying to oath of a vessel under 50 tons
Permit to land chronometer, old sails, and water casks, if necessary
Permit to land passengers' baggage, if required
@ 50
C 25
0 20
0 20
393
28
Permit to land sand ballast, if necessary
Post entry, if made
General order to discharge, if required
*
56. Clearance of an American vessel engaged in the coasting trade, and touching
at a foreign port under Act of July 1, 1870, and joint resolution of
February 10, 1871.
For certifying manifest and granting permit :-
If to a vessel of 50 tons or over
If to a vessel under 50 tons
57. Entry of merchandise for immediate consumption on arrival (Form 80, Art.
347, Regs. 1874).
Entry including oath and permit to land
Certificate to each invoice (Art. 349, Regs. 1874)
58. Warehouse entry (Form 120, Art. 593, Regs. 1874).
Entry including oath and permit to land.
Certificate to each invoice (Art. 349, Regs. 1874)
Warehousing bond
59. Withdrawal entry for consumption at port of original importation (Form 125,
Art. 617, Regs. 1874).
Entry, including permit to deliver
60. Withdrawal entry for consumption at a port other than that of original im-
portation (Forms 127 and 142, Arts. 618 and 653, Regs. 1874).
Entry, including oath and permits
Bond
Certificate to invoice -
61. Withdrawal entry for transportation in the United States, at the port of ori-
ginal importation (Form 128, Art. 631, Reg. of Jan. 1, 1874).
Entry, including oath and permits
Bond
Certificate to invoice (Art. 628, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874)
$ cts.
0 20
2.00
0 20
0.50
0 25
0.50
0 20
0.70
0 50
0.20
0.50
1 20
- 0 50
0 50
050
0 20
1 20
-0.50
0.50
0 20
1 20
62. Withdrawal entry for transportation in the United States, at a port other than
that of original importation; fees same as above.
63. Re-warehousing entry :-
Entry, including oath and permits
0 50
Bond
0 50
Certificate to cancel bond (Form 140, Art. 648, Regs. 1874) -
0 20
1 20
394
*
64. Re-warehouse withdrawal entry for exportation (Form 144, Art. 653, and Form
170, Art. 703, Regs. 1874).
Entry, including oath and permit to deliver
Bond
Permit or order to load
65. Re-warehousing and withdrawal entry for consumption (Form 145, Art. 654,
Regs. 1874).
Combined re-warehousing and withdrawal entry (two entries), including oath
and permits
Certificate to cancel bond (Form 140, Art. 648, Regs. 1874) -
66. Re-warehouse entry for immediate exportation (Form 147, Art. 656, Reg.
Jan. 1, 1874).
Combined warehouse and withdrawal entry (two entries), including oath and
permit to deliver
Export bond
Permit or order to load
Certificate to cancel bond
67. Entry for warehouse and immediate transportation in the United States
(Form 152, Art. 658, Reg. Jan. 1, 1874).
Combined warehouse and withdrawal entry (two entries), including oaths and
permits
Bond
Certificate to invoice (Art. 349, Regs. 1874)
Certificate to copy of invoice (Art. 628, Regs. 1874)
68. Export entry from port of original importation (Form 164, Art. 698, Regs.
1874).
Entry, including oath and permit to deliver -
Bond
Permit or order to load
69. Warehouse and exportation entry (Form 171, Art. 704, Regs. 1874).
Combined warehouse and withdrawal entry, including oaths and permit to
deliver
Bond to export
Certificate to invoice
Permit or order to load
$ cts.
0 50
0 50
0.30
1 30
1.00
0 20
1 20
1.00
0 50
0 30
0 20
2.00
1.00
0 50
0 20
· 0 20
1.90
0.50
0 50
0 30
130
1 00
0 50
0.20
0 30

2.00
395
70. Withdrawal entry for transportation and exportation in bond to Mexico
(Form 187, Art. 726, Regs. 1874).
Withdrawal entry including oath and permit
Bond to export
Certificate to manifest
...
71. Entry for immediate transportation and exportation in bond to Canada, &c.
(Form 177, Arts. 707 and 718, Regs. 1874).
Combined entry, including oath and permit
Bond to export
Certificate to invoice-
Certificate to manifest
$ cts.
0.50
0 50
0 20
1 20
72. Withdrawal entry from warehouse for transportation and exportation in bond
to Canada, &c. (Form 185, Art. 722, Regs. 1874).
Entry, including oath and permit
Certificate to manifest
Bond to export
73. Entry for immediate transportation of unappraised merchandise (Form 154,
Årt. 675, Regs. 1874).
Entry, including oath and permit
Bond
Certifying invoice
Certifying manifest (Art. 680, Regs. 1874)
1.00
0.50
0 20
020
1.90
0.50
0.50
0 20
1 20
74. Export entry from warehouse for benefit of drawback (Form 211, Art. 815,
Regs. 1874).
Entry, including oath and permit to deliver -
Bond to export
Debenture certificate -
Permit or order to load
0 50
0.50
0.20
0 20
1 40
[If weighable goods exported, three cents per hundred pounds for weighing;
and if gaugeable goods exported, ten cents per cask for gauging.]
75. Export entry of manufactured articles for drawback (Form 214, Art. 819,
Regs. 1874).
Entry
Bond to export
Debenture certificate
Permit or order to load
0.50
0.50
0.20
0.30
1 50
0 50
0 50
0.20
0.30
1 50
#

396
76. Transportation entry for exportation for drawback (Form 217, Art. 823,
Regs. 1874).
Entry
Bond
Debenture certificate -
77. Goods warehoused without invoice:-
Permit
Certificate to oath, &c.
$ cts.
0.50
0 50
0 20
1 20
0 20
0 20
0 40
The phrase "or other official certificate" is held to embrace every certificate requiring
the collector's official signature in the regular transaction of the business of the custom
house, including his certificate to an oath, invoice, or manifest.
The phrase "permit to land or deliver imported goods" is intended to include all per-
mits to land, whether for immediate delivery or otherwise; and all permits to warehouse
or public store, or delivery therefrom; all permits or orders to appraise without invoice;
and all permits to transfer goods from one store to another, when required by owner or
importer.
A fee of 20 cents for a permit to deliver goods from the warehousing or importing
vessel, in addition to a fee of 30 cents for the permit to load for exportation, will be
collected.
For a landing permit of passengers' baggage, whether embracing the baggage of one or
more persons, a single fee only shall be collected.
Fees for weighing, gauging, or measuring imports will be charged in all cases where the
invoice or entry shall not contain the weight, quantity, or measure of the merchandise
weighed, gauged, or measured; and whenever the weighing, gauging, or measuring shall
disclose a difference between the actual weight or quantity and that specified in the invoice
or entry, affording a well-grounded presumption of fraud, the collector will advise with the
District Attorney of the United States in regard to the case, and will be governed by his
opinion as to the propriety of instituting legal proceedings for enforcing the penalty
provided by law.
Fees for weighing, gauging, or measuring goods withdrawn from warehouse in quan-
tities less than the entire importation, are to be paid by the importer, at the rates prescribed
by law. The actual expense incurred is not to be taken into consideration.
܀܀܀
The fees allowed to surveyors for services other than admeasurement on board vessels,
may be charged by the collectors performing such services at ports where there are no
surveyors; but such fees will not be collected from coasting vessels.
Fees for the admeasurement of vessels under five tons in burden will not be charged.
Collectors may receive port warden's and harbour master's fees, where it is a matter of
convenience to all parties concerned.
The term "legal fees" does not embrace pilotage, half pilotage, or similar local charges.
Invoices must be certified and sealed by the collector as soon as received, for which
service he should collect a fee of 20 cents in the case of any original invoice presented by
the importer or consignee; but no fees should be charged for a certificate to a duplicate
invoice, manifest, or other paper forwarded to the collector as a verification of the original
document.
Masters of passenger vessels from foreign territory not contiguous to the United States
are required to pay, within 24 hours from entry, to the collector of customs at the port of

397
arrival, ten ($10) dollars for each passenger over eight years of age (not being a cabin
passenger) who shall have died of natural disease during the voyage,
Collectors, naval officers, and surveyors are required to have posted in a public place in
their offices a fair table of the fees demandable by law at their ports, subject at all times to
inspection, and to give receipts for fees collected, specifying the particulars, whenever
required to do so. Failure to observe these requirements entails a penalty of one hundred
($100) dollars, for the benefit of the informer.
Fees will not be charged on the northern frontiers for permits to unlade cargo brought
from an American port; but permits must be obtained, and existing laws complied with,
previous to the discharge or landing of passengers, baggage, goods, wares, or merchandise
brought from foreign ports or places.
Canadian steamers trading on the northern frontiers from one foreign port to another,
and touching during the course of such voyage at a port or place in the United States, and
landing passengers, baggage, or freight, are required to report and pay entrance and
clearance fees, in addition to the usual fee for a permit to land imported goods.
Fees will not be collected by officers of the customs for receiving or certifying manifests
of railroad cars, or other vehicles laden with goods, wares, or merchandise, sealed by
customs officers, for transportation from one port or place in the United States to another
therein, through foreign contiguous territory; such manifests, however, will be produced,
received, and certified in the same manner as heretofore. Fees for receiving and certify-
ing manifests accompanying cars laden in foreign contiguous territory, will continue to be
collected.

DRAWBACK RATES.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF, ESTABLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE ACT OF
AUGUST 5, 1861.
Axes, made from iron and steel by the process of splitting the iron and inserting the steel,
**
1,300
35 cents per lb.
made by the reverse process, 117% cents per lb.
100
Bags, from jute and burlap cloth, same as duty paid; exported quantity determined by
measurement.
76
Bayonets, made by Remington and Sons, 3,7% cents each, and 10 per cent. off.
made for Colt's patent fire-arm, 7 cents each, and 10 per cent. off.
made for the Winchester fire-arm, 137 cents each, and 10 per cent. off.
Blacking Boxes, from tin plates, same as duty paid; the exported quantity determined by
adding to the outside measurement of the box of such product.
Bolts, Nuts, and Pivots, from iron, same as duty paid.
Bullets, leaden, and Shot, same as duty paid on a like number of pounds.
Cans, from tin plates, same as duty paid: the exported quantity determined by adding to
the outside measurement of the can of such product, excepting one-pound cans, for
which add 15 per cent. to the outside measurement, without any other additions.
1
20
Castor oil, product of castor seed, 25 cents per gallon.
pomace, product of castor seed, 11 cents per 100 lbs.
Cleaned Rice (see Rice).
Copper, from ore, same as duty paid.
Cordage, from Manilla hemp, 14 cents per lb.
from jute hemp, cent per lb.
cent per
lb.
product of Sisal hemp, cent per lb.
from New Zealand flax, & cent
tarred Russia, 15 cent per lb.
Cut Nails (see Nails).
398
Chains, made from bar-iron, same as duty paid; add 4 per cent. to exported quantity to
cover wastage in manufacture.
Dressed Skins, from raw, same as duty paid.
Fish Plates (see Plates).
Flour, from wheat which paid a duty of 20 cents per bushel, 75 cents per barrel.
Glazier's points, product of sheet zinc, same as duty paid.
Gunpowder, from saltpetre which paid a duty of 2 cents per lb. :-
American Sporting, 168 cents per lb.
64
United States Government, 16 cents per lb.
Shipping and Mining, 1 cents per lb.
from saltpetre which paid a duty of 1 cent per lb. :-
American Sporting, cent per lb.
ΤΟ
United States Government,
10
cent
8
per lb.
Shipping and Mining, cent per lb.
Guns, Gattling, 42 calibre and 10 barrels, $7.03 each gun, and 10 per cent. off.
وو
42
6
>>
>>
>>
65
10
"9
99
75
>>
>>
1 in.
10
99
$5.00
$9.00
$11.73
>>
""
>>
Gun-systems, made from iron by Remington and Sons, 5 cents each, and 10 per cent.
off.
74
0
made for the Peabody fire-arm, 72 cents each, and 10 per cent. off.
made for Colt's patent fire-arm, 1442 cents each gun, and 10 per cent. off.
Gun Trimmings, made for the Peabody fire-arm, 114 cents each gun, and 10 per cent. off.
made for Colt's patent fire-arm, 66 cents each gun, and 10 per cent. off.
made by Remington and Sons :-
For the iron used in the manufacture, 15
cent. off.
>>
**
10
100
For the steel (when imported as such), 3
cent. off.
For the steel made from imported iron,
cent. off.
and Systems, for the Winchester fire-arm, 8
cent. off.
cents each gun, and 10 per
cents each gun, and 10 per
cent each gun, and 10 per
cents each arm, and 10 per
Handles and Nozzles, made from sheet zinc and attached to tin cans (when tagger's tin is
also used in making such nozzles), 24,3 cents per 100 cans.
Handles, made from sheet zinc and attached to tin cans without above-described nozzles,
14 cents per 100 cans.
Lanterns, from tin plates, same as duty paid: quantity determined by the measurement of
the pieces composing such lanterns before they are put together.

Lead Pipe, same as duty paid.
Leather, sole, from hides, same as duty paid.
Linseed Oil, 61 cents per gallon.
Locomotive Tyres, from imported steel, same as duty paid; add 2 per cent, to exported
weight to cover wastage in manufacture.
Nails, cut, from sheet and plate iron, 1 cents per lb.
horseshoe, from slit iron rods, same as duty paid.
Nail Rods, rolled, from iron, same as duty paid; add 9 per cent. to the exported weight
to cover wastage in manufacture.
slit, from iron, same as duty paid; add 3 per cent. to exported weight to cover
wastage in manufacture.
New England Rum, product of molasses, 5 cents per gallon.
Nozzles, made from tin plates, same as duty paid.
flat screw-top, made from sheet zinc and attached to tin cans, 8 cents per 100

cans.
399
Oil (see Linseed and Castor).
Packing, from jute yarn, same as duty paid.
Plates, fish, from iron, same as duty paid; add 12 per cent. to exported weight to cover
wastage in manufacture.
tack, same as duty paid.
Pipe (see Lead).
Pistols, Colt's navy or belt, 10,48 each.
Pivots (see Bolts).
Pomace (see Castor).
Refined Saltpetre (see Saltpetre).
Sugar (see Sugar).
Rice, cleaned from paddy rice, 13 cents per lb.
>>
cleaned from rough rice, 24 cents per lb.
Rifle Barrels, from bar-steel and from barrel moulds, same as duty paid.
Rum (see New England).
Salt, fine, 8 cents per 100 lbs.
Saltpetre, refined from crude, 95% cent per lb.
100
Sheet Lead, from pig-lead, same as duty paid.
Shooks from staves, same as duty paid.
Shot (see Bullets).
Shovels and Spades, made principally of steel, 72 cents per dozen.
>>
Skins (see Dressed).
made principally of iron, 45 cents per dozen.
Solder, used in making tin cans, 14 cents per 100 cans of 5 gallon capacity, and in pro-
portion for cans of less capacity.
Sole Leather (see Leather).
Sugar, refined crystalline, 3 cents per lb.
refined B and C, lower grades, 2 cents per lb.
product of molasses, 1 cent per lb.
Syrup, product of sugar, 5 cents per gallon.
>>
product of molasses, 4 cents per gallon.
Tacks, from iron, 1 cent per lb.
Tin Cans (see Cans).
Tires (see Locomotive).
Wire, telegraph, from iron rods, same as duty paid.
**
from steel, for bridges, same as duty paid.
In those cases where a discriminating duty has been paid upon the materials used, the
drawback allowed shall bear the same relation to that duty as the usual allowance bears to
the ordinary duty.
All of the foregoing subject to the usual 10 per cent. retention required by law,
RATES OF TARE
PRESCRIBED BY TREASURY DEPARTMENT IN GENERAL REGULATIONS OF 1874.
Almonds,
29
Alum,
Alum coarse, or ground,
Barytes,
Cassia,
- in bags,
in bales,
- in frails,
in casks,
in sacks,
in mats,
2 per cent.
21/10
CO
10
- 2 lbs.
-
99
"9
2 lbs. per sack.
3 per cent.
9
$4.00
Cheese,
Chicory,
Cocoa,
Cinnamon,
Coffee, Rio,
all other, actual tare,
**
RATES OF TARE-continued.
in casks or tubs,
- in bags,
in bags,
in ceroons,
- in bales,
- in double bags,
- in single bags,
in casks,
10 per cent.
2
∞ N N
2
8
**
62-
""
1
- 10
Copperas,
Currants,
Hemp, Manilla,
in casks,
- in bales,
Hamburg, Leghorn, Trieste,
5
Indigo,
in ceroons,
- 10
4 lbs. per bale.
10 per cent.
- 11
Melado,
Nails,
in bags,
in casks,
Ochre, dry,
in casks,
in oil,
in casks,
8
- 12
∞∞ 2
>>
2
8
**
in casks,
-.10
Paris White,
Pepper,
Peruvian Bark,
Pimento,
- in bags,
- 2
in double bags,
4
**
in ceroons,
- 10
>>
in bags,
- 2
in boxes,
- 25
Raisins,
in casks,
- 12
>>
in half boxes,
- 27
in quarter boxes,
- 29
in frails,
Rice,
in bags,
NA
4
2
Spanish Brown, dry,
in casks,
10
in oil,
in casks,
- 12
""
Sugar,
in bags,
2
in bbls.,
- 10
99
- in boxes,
- 14
in hhds.,
- 121
in mats,
in tierces,
12
Salt, alum, coarse or ground,
**
fine,
*Teas, China or Japan, duty on net invoice weight,
all others, actual tare,
Tobacco, Leaf,
Whiting,
21/1
2 lbs. per sack.
Co
3
- in sacks,
in sacks,
in bales,
10 lbs. per bale.
in bales, ex. covers, - 12
in casks,
""
10 per cent.
Actual tare to be allowed for the weight of jute ropes around bales of the same material.
From and after the passage, of this Act, in estimating the allowance for tare on all chests, boxes, cases,
casks, bags, or other envelope or covering of all articles imported liable to pay any duty, where the original
invoice is produced at the time of making entry thereof, and the tare shall be specified therein, it shall be
lawful for the collector, if he shall see fit, or for the collector and naval officer, if such officer there be, if they
shall see fit, with the consent of the consignees, to estimate the said tare according to such invoice; but in all
shall be allowed, and may be ascertained under such regulations as the Secretary of
the Treasury may from time to time prescribe; but in no case shall there be any allowance for draft.
The tare, as above, is that uniformly allowed in all parts of the United States when the actual tare is not
claimed by the importer at the time of entry.

other cases the real e

401
EXTRACTS FROM POST OFFICE ACT.
ACT OF JUNE 8, 1872.
AN ACT to revise, consolidate, and amend the Statutes relating to the Post
Office Department.
That mailable matter shall be divided into three classes: first, letters; second, regular
printed matter; third, miscellaneous matter.
That mailable matter of the first class shall embrace all correspondence, wholly or
partly in writing, except book-manuscripts and corrected proof-sheets passing between
authors and publishers.
That mailable matter of the second class shall embrace all matter exclusively in print,
and regularly issued at stated periods from a known office of publication, without addition
by writing, mark, or sign.
That mailable matter of the third class shall embrace all pamphlets, occasional pub-
lications, transient newspapers, magazines, hand-bills, posters, unsealed circulars, pro-
spectuses, books, book-manuscripts, proof-sheets, corrected proof-sheets, maps, prints,
engravings, blanks, flexible patterns, samples of merchandise not exceeding 12 ounces in
weight, sample cards, phonographic paper, letter envelopes, postal envelopes and wrap-
pers, cards, plain and ornamental paper, photographic representations of different types,
seeds, cuttings, bulbs, roots, scions, and all other matter which may be declared mailable
by law, and all other articles not above the weight prescribed by law, which are not, from
their form or nature, liable to destroy, deface, or otherwise injure the contents of the
mail-bag or the person of any one engaged in the postal service. All liquids, poisons,
glass, explosive materials, and obscene books shall be excluded from the mails. All
matter of the third class, excepting books and other printed matter, book-manuscripts,
proof-sheets, and corrected proof-sheets, shall not exceed 12 ounces in weight, and all
matter of the third class shall be subject to examination and to rates of postage as herein-
after provided. Samples of metals, ores, and mineralogical specimens shall not exceed
12 ounces in weight, and shall be subject to examination and to rates of postage as
herein-after provided.
That no package weighing more than 4 pounds shall be received for conveyance by mail,
except books published or circulated by order of Congress.
That the Postmaster General shall furnish to the post offices exchanging mails with
foreign countries, and to such other offices as he may deem expedient, postal balances.
denominated in grams of the metric system, 15 grams of which shall be the equivalent, for
postal purposes, of one half ounce avoirdupois, and so on in progression.
That postage on all mail-matter must be prepaid by stamps at the time of mailing,
unless herein otherwise provided for.
That all mail-matter deposited for mailing, on which at least one full rate of postage
has been paid as required by law, shall be forwarded to its destination, charged with the
unpaid rate, to be collected on delivery.
That if any mail-matter, on which by law the postage is required to be prepaid at the
mailing office, shall by inadvertence reach its destination without such prepayment,
double the prepaid rates shall be charged and collected on delivery.
That no mail-matter shall be delivered until the postage due thereon has been paid.
That on all mail-matter which is wholly or partly in writing, except book-manuscripts
and corrected proofs passing between authors and publishers, and local or drop letters; on
all printed matter which is so marked as to convey any other or further information than
is conveyed by the original print, except the correction of mere typographical errors; on
all matter which is sent in violation of law or the regulations of the department respecting
inclosures; and on all matter to which no specific rate of postage is assigned, postage
shall be charged at the rate of 3 cents for each half ounce or fraction thereof.
36247.
Cc
402
That letters commonly known as drop or local letters, delivered through the post office
or its carriers, shall be charged with postage at the rate of 2 cents where the system of
free delivery is established, and 1 cent where such system is not established, for each half
ounce or fraction thereof.
That on newspapers and other periodical publications, not exceeding 4 ounces in weight,
sent from a known office of publication to regular subscribers, postage shall be charged
at the following rates per quarter, namely; on publications issued less frequently than
once a week, at the rate of 1 cent for each issue; issued once a week, 5 cents; and 5 cents
additional for each issue more frequent than once a week. And an additional rate shall
be charged for each additional 4 ounces or fraction thereof in weight.
That on mailable matter of the third class, except as herein stated, postage shall be
charged at the rate of 1 cent for each 2 ounces or fraction thereof. Double these rates
shall be charged for books, samples of metals, ores, minerals, and merchandise.
That packages of woollen, cotton, or linen clothing, not exceeding 2 pounds in weight,
may be sent through the mail to any non-commissioned officer or private in the army of
the United States, if prepaid, at the rate of 1 cent for each 1 ounce or fraction thereof,
subject to such regulation as the Postmaster General may prescribe.
That the rate of United States postage on mail-matter sent to or received from foreign
countries with which different rates have not been established by postal convention or
other arrangement, when forwarded by vessels regularly employed in transporting the
mail, shall be 10 cents for each half ounce or fraction thereof on letters, unless reduced
by order of the Postmaster General; 2 cents each on newspapers; and not exceeding
2 cents per each 2 ounces, or fraction thereof, on pamphlets, periodicals, books, and other
printed matter, which postage shall be prepaid on matter sent and collected on matter
received; and to avoid loss to the United States in the payment of balances, the Post-
master General may collect the unpaid postage on letters from foreign countries in coin or
its equivalent.
That all letters conveyed by vessels not regularly employed in carrying the mail shall,
if for delivery within the United States, be rated with double postage, to cover the fee
paid to the vessel.
That to facilitate letter correspondence and provide for the transmission of the mails, at
a reduced rate of postage, of messages, orders, notices, and other short communications,
either printed or written in pencil or ink, the Postmaster General shall be, and he is
hereby, authorised and directed to furnish and issue to the public, with postage stamps
impressed upon them, "postal cards," manufactured of good stiff paper, of such quality,
form, and size as he shall deem best adapted for general use; which cards shall be used as
a means of postal intercourse, under rules and regulations to be prescribed by the Post-
master-General, and when so used shall be transmitted through the mails at a postage
charge of 1 cent each, including the cost of their manufacture.
That any person who shall forge or counterfeit, or knowingly utter or use any forged
or counterfeited postage stamp of any foreign government, shall be deemed guilty of a
felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by imprisonment of not less than
2 nor more than 10 years, at the discretion of the court.
That all mail-matter not herein-before specially made free must be prepaid by postage-
stamps.
That when the writer of any letter on which the postage is prepaid shall indorse upon
the outside thereof his name and address, such letter shall not be advertised, but after
remaining uncalled for at the office to which it is directed thirty days, or the time the
writer may direct, shall be returned to him without additional charge for postage, and if
not then delivered shall be treated as a dead-letter.
That prepaid and free letters shall be forwarded from one post office to another, at the
request of the party addressed, without additional charge for postage.
That no person shall carry any letter or packet on board any vessel which carries the



403
mail otherwise than in such mail, except as provided in section two hundred and thirty-
nine; and for every such offence the party offending shall forfeit and pay fifty dollars.
That no vessel departing from the United States for any foreign port shall receive on
board or convey any letter or packet originating in the United States which has not been
regularly received from the post office at the port of departure, and which does not relate
to the cargo of said vessel, except as provided in section two hundred and thirty-nine ;
and every collector, or other officer of the port empowered to grant clearances, shall require
from the master of such vessel, as a condition of clearance, an oath or affirmation that he
has not received on board, has not under his care or control, and will not receive or convey
any letter or packet contrary to the provisions of this section.
That no vessel arriving within any port or collection-district of the United States shall
be allowed to make entry or break bulk until all letters on board are delivered at the nearest
post office, and the master thereof has signed and sworn to the following declaration, before
the collector or other proper customs officer:-
"I, A.B., master of the -, arriving from, and now lying in the port of
do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I have, to the best of my knowledge and
belief, delivered, at the post office, at, every letter, and every bag, packet, or
parcel of letters, which were on board the said vessel during her last voyage, or which
were in my possession or under my power or control."
And any master who shall break bulk before he has delivered such letters shall, on
conviction thereof, forfeit not exceeding one hundred dollars for every such offence, one-
half to the officer making the seizure, and the other to the use of the United States.
That any special agent of the Post-office Department, when instructed by the Postmaster
General to make examinations and seizures, and the collector or other customs officer of
any port without special instructions, shall carefully search all vessels for letters which may
be on board or which have been conveyed contrary to law. "Importations through the
"Mail.-The Postmaster General complains that registered letters and packages received
"through the mail from foreign countries are seized and detained by the collector of
"customs at the port in the United States at which they first arrive, and requests that
"measures shall be taken to prevent such alleged violations of the postal laws.
"It has been agreed that collectors shall not require postmasters to deliver to them any
"letter or package addressed to a person residing at another port or place where a
"customs officer is stationed. A careful inspection, however, should be made by the
"postmaster, and, if any such letter or package be suspected to contain dutiable articles,
"the postmaster at the place of destination should be notified, in order that he may inform
"the proper officer of the customs. Such letters and packages should be opened in the
presence of an officer of the customs by the person to whom addressed, and any dutiable
"article contained therein, not mentioned in a postal convention applicable, should be
"seized and held to await the decision of this Department (United States Treasury) upon
"any application which may be made for a mitigation of the forfeiture incurred."
66
That any special agent of the Post Office Department, collector, or other customs officer,
or United States marshal or his deputy, may at all times seize all letters and bags, packets
or parcels, containing letters, which are being carried contrary to law on board any vessel
or on any post-route, and convey the same to the nearest post office, or may, by the
direction of the Postmaster General or Secretary of the Treasury, detain them until two
months after the final determination of all suits and proceedings which may, at any time
within six months after such seizure, be brought against any person for sending or carrying
such letters.
That every package or parcel seized by any special agent of the Post Office Department,
collector, or other customs officer, or United States marshal or his deputies, in which any
letter is unlawfully concealed, shall be forfeited to the United States, and the same pro-
ceedings may be had to enforce the forfeiture as are authorised in respect to goods, wares,
and merchandise forfeited for violation of the revenue laws; and all laws for the benefit
Cc 2
404

www

and protection of customs officers making seizures for violating said revenue laws shall
apply to officers making seizures for violating the postal laws.
That nothing herein contained shall be construed to prohibit the conveyance or trans-
mission of letters or packets by private hands without compensation, or by special
messenger employed for the particular occasion only.
That all letters inclosed in stamped envelopes (the postage-stamp in every case being of
a denomination sufficient to cover the postage that would be chargeable thereon if the
same were sent by mail), may be sent, conveyed, and delivered otherwise than by mail,
provided such envelope shall be duly directed and properly sealed, so that the letter
cannot be taken therefrom without defacing the envelope, and the date of the letter or of
the transmission or receipt thereof shall be written or stamped upon the envelope. But
the Postmaster General may suspend the operation of this section upon any mail-route
where the public interest may require such suspension.
That any person who shall knowingly and wilfully obstruct or retard the passage of the
mail, or any carriage, horse, driver, or carrier, carrying the same, shall on conviction
thereof, for every such offence, forfeit and pay not exceeding one hundred dollars.
That any ferryman who shall delay the passage of the mail by wilful neglect or refusal
to transport the same across any ferry shall, for every ten minutes such mail may be so
delayed, forfeit and pay ten dollars.


ACT OF JANUARY 9, 1873.
CHAP. XXI.-An Act to amend the one hundred and thirty-third Section of an Act
approved June eighth, eighteen hundred and seventy-two, entitled "An Act to
"revise, consolidate, and amend the Statutes relating to the Post Office
"Department."
That section one hundred and thirty-three of the Act entitled "An Act to revise,
"consolidate, and amend the statutes relating to the Post Office Department," approved
June eighth, eighteen hundred and seventy-two, be so amended as to authorise the
transmission by mail of packages of seeds, cuttings, bulbs, roots, and scions of any weight,
for each of such packages, not exceeding four pounds, at a rate of postage of one cent for
each two ounces or fractions of an ounce of such package or packages: Provided, that all
mail matter of the third class must be prepaid in full in postage stamps at the office of
mailing.


ACT OF JUNE 23, 1874.

That all mailable matter of the third class, referred to in section one hundred and
thirty-three, of the Act entitled "An Act to revise, consolidate, and amend the statutes.
"relating to the Post Office Department," approved June 8th, 1872, may weigh not
exceeding four pounds for each package thereof, and postage shall be charged thereon at
the rate of one cent for each two ounces or fraction thereof; but nothing herein contained
shall be held to change or amend section one hundred and thirty-four of said Act.



405
TARIFF UPON BRITISH GOODS IMPORTED INTO FRANCE, SHOWING
THE RATES PRIOR AND SUBSEQUENT TO THE PARIS EXHIBITION
OF 1855.
IRON-
Ore of
:
Rates of Import Duties.
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Old Tariff.
New Tariff.
1854.
31
1860.
T
1864.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
METALS.
s. d.
Free.
Free and 43d.
1s. 114d.
Free.
s. d.
Free.
1" 01
09/
3s. 5d. and 3s. 101d.
1 4
1 14
Prohibited.
2 01
1 10
2.10
2 51
Filings, slag and dross, from the forge
Pig and fragments of old cast iron
Purified cast, called "mazée," and old broken
wrought iron-
Crude, in lumps or prisms, not freed from the
dross
Bars, square, round, or flat; rails of all shapes
and dimensions; angle and T iron; and wire,
with the exceptions herein-after mentioned
Hoops, of the thickness of 1 millimètre ( inch)
or less
Sheet, rolled or hammered, exceeding 1 milli-
mètre in thickness
In plates weighing 200 kilos. (441 lbs.) or less,
and of which the breadth does not exceed
1 mètre 20 centimètres (474 inches), nor the
length 4 mètres 50 centimètres (14 ft. 9 in.) -
In plates exceeding 200 kilogrammes in weight
or 1 mètre 20 centimètres in breadth, or 4
mètres 50 centimètres in length
Sheet, thin, and black iron, in plates of 1 mili-
metre (inch) or less in thickness
(N.B. Thin sheet and black iron in flat
plates, cut out or trimmed in any way, to
pay one-tenth more than rectangular
plates.)
Sheets, tinned, coppered, covered with zinc or
lead
10
Wire, not exceeding th millimètres (inch)
in diameter, whether tinned, coppered, or
covered with zinc
STEEL:-
In bars of all kinds
Sheet, exceeding 2 millimètres (inch) in thickness
Sheet, not exceeding 2 millimètres in thickness,
and wire, including bright wire for instruments
Bars and rails 4s. 101d.
to 6s. 10d.
98. 9d.
3 51
3 01
98. 9d.
3 101
3 01/2
5 31/20
4 0
19s. 6d.
66
5 31/
14s. 74d. and 11. 14s. 1d.
5 81
4 03
14s. 7 d.
6 1
5 34
Sheets 17. 4s. 44d. to
8 111
7 341
117. 3s. 10d.
Wire 17. 14s. 14d.
12 21
10 2
406

SHOESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
ARTIC
Old Tariff.
UT DA
1854.
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.

COPPER :-
METALS-continued.
Ore, filings and old broken articles
Pure, and brass smelted, in pigs, bars, or plates
Rolled or beaten into bars or sheets
Wire of all sizes, whether polished or not
Gilt or silvered, beaten, drawn, or rolled, and wire
laid on thread or silk -
ZINC :-
Ore, crude, calcined, or pounded, filings, and old
broken articles
In pigs, bars, or plates
Rolled
LEAD :-
Ore and dross of all sorts, filings and old broken
articles
In pigs, bars, or plates
Rolled or sheet, alloyed with antimony, in pig,
and type, old-
TIN:
Ore and metal in pigs, bars, or plates, filings,
and old broken articles
Alloyed with antimony (Britannia metal). in
ingots
Pure metal or alloyed, beaten or rolled
BISMUTH:
Crude
ANTIMONY:-
Ore and sulphuretted
Metal or regulus
NICKEL :-
Ore and speiss.
Free.
3d. to 11 d.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
s. d.
Free.
6
29
1
4
s. d.
Free.
""
03
6 1
4 02
40 73
40 73
14s. 7 d. to 17. 19s.
21. 8s. 94d. to 6l. 19s. 5åd.
41. 19s. 5 d. to 231. 3s. 31d.
Free and 3d.
zd.
11. 4s. 41d.
Ben Free.
Free.
ㅇ ​ㅎ
​2 51
1 7
Free.
Pigs 2s. 51d.
Free.
Free.
1 232
""
Sheets 11s. 8d.
Alloyed with antimony,
12s. 81d.
2 01/1
1 22/0
Free and 113d.
Free.
Free.
2 01
2 01
17. 98. 3d.
2 5
251

11 d.
Free.
Free.
Free and 52d.
Free.
Free.
12s. 8d.
3 3
2 51
Free.
Free.
Free.
Pure, and alloyed with other metals, especially
copper or zinc (argentine or German silver),
in ingots or pigs
Ditto, ditto, rolled or drawn
MANGANESE :—
Ore
• ARSENIC :-
Metallic
ORES:-
Not enumerated
5 d.
21. 8s. 94d.
6 "1
4 02
Free. Bon
Free. Free.

407
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Old Tariff.
1854.
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
METAL MANUFACTURES.
CAST IRON:
Not turned or polished :-
1st Class. Chairs for railways, plates and
other castings from the open mould
2nd Class. Cylindrical pipes (straight), rafters,
solid columns, and gas retorts
3rd Class. Pots and all other manufactures
not included in the preceding classes
Polished or turned
Tinned, enamelled, or varnished
WROUGHT IRON :-
Ironwares (heavy), including framework; pieces
of frames
Knees and girders for ships.
Ironwork for carts and waggons
Hinges; clamps; large bolts; braces, and other
fastenings of doors and windows, not polished
or turned
Gratings (solid); beds; seats and furniture for
gardens and other kinds, with or without orna-
ments or adjuncts, in cast iron, steel, or copper
N.B.-Axles, springs, and tires for wheels are
not included in the above category, but are classed
among detached pieces of machinery.
Small ironwares ("serrurerie ") including locks
and padlocks of all sorts, bolts and hinges, in
sheet iron, latches, and flat bolts, and all other
articles in wrought or sheet iron for fastenings
of doors or windows, and furniture, polished,
filed, or turned
Nails, forged by machinery
Ditto, ditto, by hand
Wood screws, screw-bolts, and nuts
Anchors
Chains and chain-cables -
Tools, in
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
s. d.
s. d.
d.
Prohibited.
151
1 21
1 11
1 61
2001/1
j
8
4 101
1 10
2 51
4 03
Prohibited (except a few
small wares admitted
under the head of
"Mercery.")
4s. 101d. to 7s. 3 d.
188. 3 d.
11. 48. 4 d.
3 8
3 31
6 1
4 101
4202
3 3
6
1
4 10
Has 4 03
3 3
4 02
3 3
4 10
49032
5 31/
4-5
19s. 6d. to 17. 98. 31d.
10 2
8 13
Tubes in wrought-iron, welded on a mandril, or
lap-welded
10 2
8 1
47. 178. 6d.
20 4
20 4
pure iron with or without handles
Tubes of wrought-iron, simply welded, of 9 milli-
mètres (in.) interior diameter or more
Ditto, ditto, less than 9 millimètres (in.), and
fittings of tubes
Fish-hooks (for sea fishing), tinned or not
408
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rates of Import Duties.
Old Tariff.at
1854.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
METAL MANUFACTURES-continued.
WROUGHT IRON-continued.
Household articles and other wares unenu-
merated:
In wrought or sheet-iron, polished or painted
Ditto, ditto, enamelled, varnished, or tinned
STEEL WARES :—
Tools in pure steel; files; saws, circular or
straight; scythes, sickles, and other unenume-
rated -
Needles for sewing, less than 5 centimètres
(in.) in length
Ditto, of 5 and more centimètres in length
Fish-hooks (for river fishing), blued or not
Metallic pens (other than gold or silver)
Small articles of ornament, such as beads, purse
garniture, brooches, and thimbles
Household articles and other wares unenume-
rated -
CUTLERY:
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
s. d.
Per cwt.
s. d.
Tipi:
Prohibited.
6 11
8 11
5 81
6 6
17. 19s. to 5l. 9s. 83d.
16 3
1-13 0
41. 17s. 6d. to
81
31/
81
197. 10s. 1åd.
40
73
40 7
41. 17s. 6d.
40
73
40
91. 158. Oåd.
40
72
40 7
+/WP/COP/C=1/
10 2
8 11
16 3
13 0
21. 8s. 94d. to 47. 17s. 6d.
Prohibited.
#
੧੪੧੦ ੧, ੧੧



Of every description
Prohibited.
Surgical 10 per cent.
Instruments, surgical, optical, and philosophical - Optical 30 per cent.
ARMS, not being implements of war :-
Side arms
20 per cent. ad valorem, re-
duced to 15 per cent. ad va
lorem on the 1st. Jan. 1866.
10 per cent.
10 per cent.
ad valorem.
ad valorem.
91. 15s. 03d.
47. 17s. 6d.
16 3
97 61
16 3
97 63
Fire-arms
SUNDRY METAL WARES.

Tools of iron tipped with steel, with or without
handles
31. Os. 11½d.
7 323
61
Articles made partly of cast and partly of wrought
iron, not polished, if the weight of wrought
iron is less than half the total weight
Ditto, if half or more than half the total weight
Ditto, polished, enamelled or japanned, and with
ornamental adjuncts in iron, copper, brass, or
steel
Wire gauze of iron or steel
Cylinders of copper or brass for printing, whether
engraved or not
17. 16s. 7d. to 31. 13s. 2d.
Engraved 15 per cent.
advalorem,not engraved
41. 178. 6.
28011
2 01/1
Prohibited.
4 03
3 3

6
1
4 10
6
1
4 0
02
6 1
6 1

409
Rates of Import Duties.
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
SUNDRY METAL WARES-continued.
Copper wares, metal gauze of copper or brass,
works of art and ornament, and all other
manufactured articles of copper, pure or
alloyed with zinc or tin
Manufactures of zinc of all kinds
Lead pipes, and all other manufactures of lead
Printing type, new
Tin pots and pans and other manufactures of tin,
whether pure or alloyed with antimony
Manufactures of nickel allied with copper or zinc
(argentine)
Plated manufactures of every description
Manufactures of metal gilt or silvered by the
mercurial or electro-plate processes
Plate and jewellery of gold, of silver, platina, or
other inetals
Clocks and watches
Clock and watch movements
MACHINES AND MACHINERY.
WITH APPARATUS COMPLETE :-
Steam-engines stationary, with or without boilers
or fly-wheels
Ditto, marine, with or without boilers
locomotives and portable engines
Tenders for locomotive engines, complete
Spinning machines
For weaving
For paper-making
For printing
Agricultural machines, and machines for making
sheets and fillets of cards
Lace-making machines
Distilling apparatus, sugar-pans and boilers made
of copper
Carding machines, not furnished
Steam boilers, of sheet iron, of cylindrical or
spherical shape, with or without boiler-pipes
or heating-pipes
Ditto, tubular, of sheet iron, with tubes of
wrought iron, copper or brass, or of sheet iron
riveted, with interior furnaces, and all other
boilers not of cylindrical or spherical shape
Old Tariff.
1854.
Per cwt.
Gauze 31. 13s. 2d.; all
others (except a few
classed as "Mercery")
prohibited.
Prohibited.
11s. 8 d.
17. 4s. 4 d. to 47. 17s. 6d.
Pots and pans 21. 8s. 91d. to
41. 17s. 64d., others pro-
hibited.
Prohibited.
103d. to 5s. 11½d. per
oz. troy.
1s. 03 to 5s. 9d. each ;
or, without cases, 10 per
cent. ad valorem.
127. 3s. 10d.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
Per cwt.
s. d.
Per cwt.
s. d.
10 2
81
4 03
403
201
3 3
1 231
4 0
3 3
12 21
12 21
40 73
40 72
40 7
40 7
40 7
40 73
1 per oz. troy. 1½ per oz. troy.
5 per cent.
5 per cent.
ad valorem.
ad valorem.
40 72
40 7
12s. 2 d.
4 02
2 51
17s. 0 d.
8 1
4 101
19s. 6d.
61
4 02
14s. 7 d.
48902
3 3

19s. 6d.
6 1
4 02/2
78. 3 d.
14s. 7 d.
148. 7 d.
3 8
2 51
agri. 7s. 33d.
11. 9s. 3d.
6 1
4 03
14s. 74d. to 11. 9s. 3d.
14s. 74d.
6
1
4 03
6 1
4 01

14s. 74d. to 11. 98. 3d.
4 02
3 3
14s. 7 d. to 17. 98 3d.
6 1
4 10
410

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Old Tariff.
1854.
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.

MACHINES AND MACHINERY-continued.
WITH APPARATUS COMPLETE—continued.
Steam boilers, tubular, of sheet steel of every
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
s. d.
s. d.
shape
14s. 7 d. to 11. 9s. 3d.
12 21
10 2
Gasometers, open boilers, furnaces and stoves in
sheet iron, or in cast and sheet iron
Machines for making machines ("machines-
outils ") and machines not enumerated :—

14s. 74d to 17. 9s. 3d.
4 03/2
3 3
Containing 75 per cent. or more of their
weight in cast iron
Containing 50 per cent. and less than 75 per
cent. of cast iron
Containing less than 50 per cent. of cast
iron
DETACHED PARTS OF MACHINES :-
Sheets and fillets of cards on leather, india-
rubber, or other materials
Dents of reeds in iron or in copper
Reeds complete, in iron or copper
Pieces in cast iron, polished, filed, and ad-
justed
Pieces in wrought iron, polished, filed, and
adjusted or not, without distinction of
weight
Steel spring for carriages, waggons, or loco-
motives
Pieces in steel, polished, filed, adjusted or
not; weighing more than 1 kilogramme
(2 lbs.)-
Ditto, 1 kilogramme and less
Pieces in copper, pure or mixed with any
other metals
3 8
2 5
9s. 9d. to 17. 11s. 84d.
6 1
4 02/
8 11
6 1
4l. 17s. 6d.
24 04/1/
}
4l. 17s. 6d.
{
12 21
20 4
}
38
202294
12 21
2.51
7s. 3 d. to 11. 19s. Od.
11. 9s. 3d. to 21. 8s. 91d.
6 1
4 03/2
Prohibited.
6 11
6 1
31. 13s. 2d. to
47. 17s. 6d.
12
21
16
3
10 2
14 23
10 2
8 11/1
Sheets and fillets for cards of leather, caout-
chouc, or other materials
8 11/
8 11/2
8s. 11 d. per oz. troy.
28. 5 d. per
28. 5 d. per
Prohibited.
Prohibited.
GOLD-LEAF
REFINED SUGAR
CARRIAGES
་་
CABINET-MAKERS' AND TURNERS' SMALL WARES,and
wares in ivory or carved wood ("tabletterie ") 97. 15s. 1d. to 127. 3s. 10d.
LEATHER: prepared skins, varnished, dyed, and
morocco leather
Ditto, all other kinds
Leather manufactures of all kinds
Prohibited.
12s. 21 to 47. 17s. 6d.
Prohibited (except
common pack saddles
and wine skins).
oz. troy.
16s. 8d.
10 per cent.
ad valorem.
""
101
71
oz. troy.
16s. 8d.
10 per cent.
ad valorem.

12 21
10 per cent.
ad valorem.
101 71
12 21
10 per cent.
ad valorem.
}:

411
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
WOODEN WARES:
Empty casks, new or old not hooped, or
hooped with wooden hoops
دو
""
iron hoops
Shovels, forks, rakes, handles of tools, of wood,
with or without ferrules
Oars
Rates of Import Duties.
Old Tariff.
*** New Tariff.
1854.
1860.
1864.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
s. d.
s. d.
Free.
Free.
Per cwt.
Wood hooped, 18. ld. ;
iron hooped, 98. 74d.,
per 100 gallons of con-
tent; not hooped, 10
per cent. ad valorem.
15 per cent. ad valorem.
13d. to 5 d. per 10 yards.
10 per cent.
ad valorem.
10 per cent.
ad valorem.
Free.
Free.
Plates, spoons, porringers, and other household.
articles
""
Pieces of carpenter's work, dressed or not
Parts of cartwright's work, dressed or not
Other articles of wood, not enumerated ·
15 per cent. ad valorem.
10 per cent.
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE
ad valorem.
""
10 per cent.
ad valorem.
Per ton of French measure-
SHIPS AND BOATS, built in the United Kingdom,
not registered or sailing under British flag, in
ment.*
wood
Ditto, ditto, in iron
Hulls of ships, in wood
Ditto, ditto, in iron
N.B.-The machines and machinery on board
such ships shall be charged separately, ac-
cording to the rates fixed by the Tariff for
"Machines and Machinery."
20 0
16 O
Prohibited.
56 0
48 O
12 O
8 0
40 O
32 O
TEXTILE FABRICS.
Per cwt.
d.
FLAX AND HEMP :-
Flax or hemp, combed
78.33d.
8.
200
Yarn of hemp or flax measuring, to the Ib.:
Single:-
Unbleached:-
2,976 yards, or less
18s. 34d.
6 1
More than 2,976 yards, and not more
than 5,952
11. 3s. 5d.
8 11
More than 5,952 yards, and not more
than 11,904
17. 19s. Od.
12 21
More than 11,904 yards, and not more
than 17,856
31. Os. 11 d.
14 7
* The French ton is nearly the same as the English. It is about 5 per cent. less for vessels under 300 tons, and
cent. less for larger vessels.
to 8 per
412
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
TEXTILE FABRICS-continued.
FLAX AND HEMP :
Single:
Old Tariff.
1854.
Per cwt.
Rates of Import Duties.

New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
Per cwt.

s. d.
Unbleached:
More than 17,856 yards, and not more
than 35,712-
4l. Os. 53d.
24 43
40 73
More than 35,712 yards
Bleached, or dyed:-
2,976 yards, or less
11. 6s. 4d. to 17. 8s. 34d.
8 11/
More than 2,976 yards, and not more
than 5,952
More than 5,952 yards, and not more
than 11,904-
17. 12s. 2 d. to 17. 14s. id.
27. 11s. 81d.
10 11
16 3
More than 11,904 yards, and not more
than 17,856-
31. 18s. 01d. to 31. 19s. 6d.
19 6
More than 17,856 yards, and not more
than 35,712-
4l. 17s. 6½d to 5l. 3s. 4ąd.
32 6
54 0/1/20
More than 35,712 yards
Twisted:
Unbleached
17. 1s. 5d. to 51. 98. 83d.
Bleached, or dyed
- - ཟླ་
Tissues of flax or hemp, plain linens and diaper,
having in the warp in the space of 5 square
millimètres (of an inch) :-
Unbleached:-
8 threads or less
9, 10, and 11 threads
12, 13, and 14 threads
15, 16, and 17 threads
18, 19, and 20 threads
21, 22, and 23 threads
24 threads and above
Bleached, dyed, or printed:-i
8 threads or less
9, 10, and 11 threads
12, 13, and 14 threads
15, 16, and 17 threads
18, 19, and 20 threads
21, 22, and 23 threads
24 threads and above
11. 9s. 9d. to 61. 19s. 11 d.
Same duties as upon single
unbleached yarn, aug-
mented by 40 per cent.,
according to the class.
Same duties as upon single
bleached or dyed yarns,
augmented by 40 per
cent., according to the
class.

S. d.
12 21
22 41
36 7
17. 9s. 3d. to 11. 7s. 9d.
46 83
691
105 8
162 63
16 3
28 5
48 91
21. 3s. 103d. to
63 0
197. 188. 5 d.
93553
142 3
217 71

413
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES. QUE
Old Tariff.
1854.
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.
1860.
1861.
TEXTILE FABRICS-continued.
FLAX AND HEMP-continued.
Drills, plain or figured, having, in the warp, in the
space of 5 square millimètres (of an inch):
Unbleached:-
8 threads in warp, or less
9, 10, and 11 threads
12, 13, and 14 threads
More than 14 threads
Bleached, dyed, or printed :-
8 threads or less
9, 10, and 11 threads
12, 13, and 14 threads
More than 14 threads
Yarns and tissues of flax or hemp mixed with
other materials will pay the same duties as pure
yarns and tissues of flax or hemp, provided
that the flax or hemp predominates in weight.
Damasks
Cambrics
Lawns -
Handkerchiefs, bordered
Net of thread
Lace, ditto
Hosiery, ditto
Haberdashery, ditto
Ribbon of thread, unbleached, bleached, or dyed
Articles made of flax or hemp, wholly or in part
}
Per cwt.
da Per
wt.
d.
14 2
22 41
36 7
46 83
17. 9s. 3d. to 8l. 178.6d.
19 11
28 5
48 91
#
77. 16s. 3d. to 237. 18s. 1d.
10s. 103d. per lb.
10s. 10 d. per lb.
As linens.
Prohibited.
5 per cent. ad valorem
47. 17s. 6d.
17. 19s. to 37. 13s. 13d.
63 O
16 per cent. ad valorem.
Same duties as plain linens.
Same duties as cotton net.
5 per cent. ad valorem.
15 per cent. ad valorem.
made up
Articles not enumerated
JUTE:-
11
In the fibre, or hackled, imported direct from
British India, or from British entrepôts, in
British or French vessels
s. d.
s. d.
24d. to 38. 103d.
78. 33d.
Free.
1 2
21
1 21
Combed
Jute yarn, measuring per lb. :-
Unbleached:
2 101
2 01
Less than 694 yards
3
9
2 51
From 694 to 1,835 yards, exclusively
From 1,835 to 2,083
id.
11. 9s. 3d.
4 13
2 101
61
4 03
From 2,083 to 2,976,,
id.
Same as linen yarn.
More than 2,976
Bleached, or dyed:-
4 0
2 101
Less than 694 yards
53
From 694 to 1,835 yards,
exclusively
5 31/2
3 73
From 1,835 to 2,083
id.
17. 19s. to 17. 19s. 6d.
6 1
4 03/
8111
5 84
From 2,083 to 2,976
id.
Same as linen yarn.
More than 2,976

414
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Old Tariff.
1854.
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
TEXTILE FABRICS-continued.
JUTE-continued.
Tissues of jute, having, in the warp, in the space
of 5 square millimètres (of an inch):
Unbleached :-
1, 2, and 3 threads, plain
1, 2, and 3 threads, twilled
4 and 5 threads
6, 7, and 8 threads
More than 8 threads
Bleached, or dyed:-
1, 2, and 3 threads, plain
1, 2, and 3 threads, twilled
4 and 5 threads
6, 7, and 8 threads
More than 8 threads
Carpets, rugs, and matting
Yarns and tissues of jute mixed with other
materials will pay the same duties as pure
yarns and tissues of jute, provided that the
jute predominates in weight.
VEGETABLE FIBRES:-
Phormium tenax, abaca, and other vegetable
fibres, not specified :-
Filaments:
Raw or stripped
Combed or twisted
Threads
Tissues
HORSE-HAIR :-
Raw, of all kinds, prepared or curled
Bes
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
s. d.
s. d.
5 3
4 03
Less than 8 threads
17. 17s. 6d.
6 1
4 10
8 61
66
12 21
99
Same as tissues of linen,
according to class.
7 83
6 1
Less than 8 threads.
21. 12s. 21d.
8 111
6 102
12 21
9 41
17 10
14 21
1
21d. to 3s. 103d.
7s. 3 d.
*
11. 9s. 3d. to Îl. 19s. 6d.
5ąd. to 2s. 54d.
Tissues and manufactures of horse-hair, pure or Prohibited (except sieve-
mixed
COTTONS :-
Cotton, raw, imported direct from British India,
or from British entrepôts, in British or French
vessels
Cotton, in sheets, carded or gummed (wadding)
Cotton yarn, single-
Unbleached :-
Of 19,840 yards or less to the pound
Of 20,832 yards to 29,760 -
Of 30,752
Of 40,672
>>
39,680 -
49,600-
cloth trimmings and hats.)
Free and 1s. 21d.
No. 143 (170 English)
and above 3s. Old. per
lb., all others pro-
hibited.
Same as tissues of linen,
according to class.
13 O
}
1
9 9
Free.
5d.
5 per cent. ad valorem.
10 per cent. ad valorem.
Free. Friendl
10 per cent. ad valorem.]
Free.
4s. 03d.
DELEGA 6 1.
081
* 12 21
16 3

415
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Old Tariff.
1854.
TEXTILE FABRICS--continued.
Per cwt.
COTTONS-continued.
Cotton Yarn, single-
Unbleached-
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
Per cwt.
s. d.
20 4
Of 50,592 yards to 59,520 -
24 42
Of 60,512
69,440 -
""
28
51
Of 70,432
79,360 -
""
36 64
Of 80,352
89,280 -
99
Of 90,272
99,200 -
No. 143 (170 English)
40 73
""
and above 38.04d. per
48 91
Of 100,192
109,120 -
lb., all others pro-
56 103
Of 110,112
119,040 -
hibited
""
65 01
Of 120,032
""
128,960 -
81 31
Of 129,952
138,880 -
""
101 71
Of 139,872
168,640 -
Of 169,632 and above
Bleached
Dyed -
Twisted in two strands:-
Unbleached
Bleached
Dyed-
Warped yarns:-
Unbleached
Bleached
Dyed -
Yarns of three or more threads, grey, bleached,
or dyed:
Single twist
Double or cable twist
Prohibited.
No. 143 (170 English) and
above 3s. 53d. per lb.,
others prohibited.
Prohibited.
>>
121 11
15 per cent. above the
duties on unbleached.
10s. 2d. per cwt. above the
duties on unbleached.
50 per cent. above the
duties on single yarn un-
bleached.
15 per cent. above twisted
unbleached.
10s. 2d. per' cwt. above
twisted unbleached.
50 per cent. above the
duties on single un-
bleached yarn.
15 per cent. above the
duties on unbleached
warped yarns.
10s. 2d. per cwt. above the
duties on unbleached
warped yarns.
d. per 1,000 yards.
1d. per 1,000 yards.

416
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Rates of Import Duties.

Old Tariff, Hole H
New Tariff.
1854.
1860.
1864.

TEXTILE FABRICS-continued.
COTTONS―continued.
Cotton tissues, plain, twilled, and ticks, un-
bleached :-
1st class, weighing 20 lbs. or more to the
100 square yards :-
Of 175 threads or less in 1 inch square,
adding warp and weft together
Of 180 threads and above
2nd class, weighing 12 to 201 lbs., exclu-
sively, the 100 square yards:
Of 175 threads or less in 1 inch square
Of 180 to 215 threads -
Of 220 threads and above
9
10
3rd class, weighing 5 to 12 lbs. exclu-
sively; the 100 square yards :-
Of 135 threads or less to 1 in. square
Of 140 to 175 threads
made. Of 180 to 215 threads
Of 220 threads and above
Per cwt.
Prohibited.
>>
>>
>>
**
>>
Cotton tissues:
Bleached
Dyed-
Printed
Velvets and fustians:
Made as silk velvet:
Unbleached
Dyed or printed
Other kinds-cords, moleskins, &c. :
Unbleached.
Dyed or printed
Cotton tissues, unbleached, grey cloths, plain or
twilled, weighing less than 3 kilogrammes per
100 square mètres
Quiltings, dimities, stripes and checks, damasks
and brilliants -
Counterpanes and blankets
Net or tulle, plain or embroidered
Gauzes and muslins, embroidered or figured in
the loom, for furniture or hangings
Articles wholly or in part made up
Articles not denominated
Embroidery by hand
な
​39
39
>>
*9
**
Prohibited (except in
union with thread lace).
Prohibited.
Per cwt.
24d. per lb.
3ld.
2qd. "
4 d.
8ad.
3td.
51d.
81d.
1s. 1d.
15 per cent. above the duty
on unbleached.
1 per lb. above the duty
on unbleached.
15 per cent. ad valorem.

33d. per lb.
4ad.",
23d.
28
CORCOH
3 d. "
15 per cent. ad valorem.
10 per cent. ad valorem.
417

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Old Tariff.
1854.
Rates of Import Duties.
Hubs New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
TEXTILE FABRICS-continued.
COTTONS-continued.
Lace and blonde
Cotton yarns and tissues mixed with other
materials will pay the same duties as
yarns and tissues of pure cotton, pro-
vided that the cotton predominates in
weight.
WOOLLENS:
Wool, raw, Australian, imported direct or from
British entrepôts in British or French vessels
Wool, dyed in masses
Ditto, combed (dyed or not)
Single yarn of pure wool, bleached or not, con-
taining in the lb. :-
Per cwt.
5 per cent. ad valorem.
Per cwt.
8. d.
5 per cent. ad valorem.
%
Free and 18. 24d.
21. 88. 94d.
Free. And
10 2
17. 14s. lid.
10 2
496 to 14,880 yards
15,376,, 19,840
20,336 24,800
>>
25,296 29,760
29
256
30,2m
34,720
35,216, 39,680
40,176,,
44,640
45,136,, 19,600
50,096 and above
**
Double yarn for weaving, bleached or not
Ditto, for embroidery
Dyed yarns, single or double
Tissues of wool, pure
Felts of all kinds
Blankets of pure wool
Carpets of all kinds
Hosiery of pure wool
Haberdashery of pure wool.
Ribbons of wool
Lace, woollen
List shoes
Articles not enumerated
Cloth list of all kinds, in pieces or not
Ready-made clothes :-
New
Old
36247.
102
14 23
18 31
22 41


26 5
30 5
Long combed wool, un
bleached, twisted, cleaned,,
or baked, 17. 17s. 4d.;
all others prohibited.
34 6
38 71
40 73
Prohibited.
21. 8s. 94d. to 9l. 15s. 0žd.
41. 17s. 6d.
67. 1s. 11d. to 12ỉ. 3s. 10d.
Prohibited.
}
41. 12s. 8d. to 51. 7s. 3 d.
=
50 per cent. above the duty
on single unbleached yarn.
Double the duties on single
yarns.
10s. 2d. per cwt. above the
duties on yarns undyed.
15 per cent. 10 per cent.
ad valorem. ad valorem.
15 per cent. ad valorem.
15 per cent. 10 per cent.
ad valorem.
ad valorem,
10 per cent.
ad valorem.
f 15 per cent.
10 per cent.
Prohibited.
Free.
30 per cent. ad valorem.
11. 4s. 10дd.
ad valorem. ad valorem.
f 15 per cent. 10 per cent.
ad valorem.
ad valorem.
8
11/20
Dd
418

&
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
TEXTILE FABRICS-continued.
WOOLLENS-continued.
Yarns and tissues of Alpaca, Llama, or Vi-
cuna, pure or mixed with wool, will pay
the same duties as yarns and tissues of
wool in whatever proportions they may be
mixed.
Yarns and tissues of wool, or of other materials
above mentioned, mixed with cotton, or with
any other filaments whatever, will pay the
same duties as yarns and tissues of pure
wool, provided that the wool predominates in
weight.
Yarns of goats' hair will continue to pay the
duties at present in force.*
Tissues of goats' hair, other than Indian cash-
mere shawls and scarfs, will pay as tissues of
pure wool.†
SILKS :-
Silk in cocoons
Old Tariff.
1854.
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
s. d.
s. d.
Free and 4s. 101d.
Raw or thrown
2s. 51d. to 4s. 10½d.
Dyed:-
Free.
Free,
Juk
*
For sewing, embroidery, or lace
71. 98. 13d.
121 11
Free.
71. 98. 1 d.
Free.
Others
Waste silk:-
In mass
Combed
In thread, single and twisted, unbleached,
bleached, blued, or dyed :-
Free and 4s. 10d.
Free.
4s. 101d.
4 03
Of 39,680 yards single, or less, to the lb.
Of 40,176 yards single, or more, to the lb.
21. 8s. 91d. to 71. 6s. 3žd.
30 53
48 91
Tissues of pure silk
Hosiery
Lace
29
*98. 9d. per cwt.
Silk stuffs, 6s. 11 d. to
8s. 34d. per lb. ; CO-
verlets, 4. 19s. 53d.
per cwt.; carpets,
71. 9s. 23d. per cwt. ;
gauze, 13s. 6d. per
lb.; lace, 15 per cent.
ad valorem; hosiery,
291. 5s. 2 d. per cwt.
+ Cashmere shawls made in countries out of Europe
>>
>>
long, of all dimensions
scarfs
square, of 71 inches and above
of less dimensions
each 963.
:}
each 48s.
Free.


419
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Old Tariff.
1854.
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
TEXTILE FABRICS-continued.
SILKS-continued.
Crapes, called English, unbleached, black, or
coloured
Net:-
Plain, unbleached
Dressed
Figured, unbleached, or dressed
Tissues of pure waste silk, of silk and of waste
silk, unbleached, bleached, dyed, or printed
Tissues, haberdashery, and lace of silk or of
waste silk:-
With fine gold or silver
With semi-fine or false gold or silver
Tissues of silk or of waste silk, mixed with other
materials, in which the silk or waste silk pre-
dominates in weight
Ribbons of silk or of waste silk:-
Of velvet
Others
Mixed with other materials, silk or waste silk
predominating in weight
CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND DYE
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
s. d.
8s. 8d. to 17s. 4d. per lb. 38.74d. per
lb.
Free from
1866.
Prohibited.
78. 3d. per lb.
Free.
15 per cent.
**
38. Old. per lb.
Prohibited.
3s. 53d. per lb.
ad valorem.
10 per cent. Free from Oc-
ad valorem.tober 1, 1864.
0 8 per lb.
83
4 41
1 31

1 1
❞ba obrald *
1 93
antik)
2 11
10 per cent. ad valorem. A
Iodine
Bromine
Acids:-
Sulphuric
Nitric
Tartaric
Benzoic -
Boracic
STUFFS.
121. 3s. 10d.
19s. 6d.
17. Os. Od.
21. 4s. 21.
17. 148. 1 d.
48. 10 d. to 7s. 3ąd.
14d.
53d. to 37. 13s. 2d.
53d.
53d. to 31. 13s. 2d.
Free.
**>
se han hinx Ajo pllix (
stobong wolkky
Free.
Los fuil A
Citric
Arsenic
Lemon juice
Oxides :-
Of iron-
zinc, grey
tin
uranium
,, copper

Zaffre and other combinations of cobalt
Sulphuret of arsenic
>>
3s. 103d.
420
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND DYE
STUFFS-continued.
Old Tariff,
1854.
Per cwt.
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
Per cwt.
s. d.
Chloride of potassium
Iodide of potassium
*Salts of beetroot
Carbonates of potash
Nitrate of potash
Sulphate of potash
Tartrates of potash
Vegetable ashes, quick and lixiviated
Lees of wine
Borax, raw
Nitrate of soda
*Kelp
Bone black
Bones, calcined, white
Phosphates, natural
Citrates of lime
Sulphate of magnesia
Carbonate of magnesia
*Chloride of magnesium
Acetate of iron, liquid
Garancine
Sugar of milk
Albumen
Phosphorus, white
Oxide of zinc (white of zinc)
Oxides and carbonates of lead
Oleic acid
Oxalic acid and oxalates of potash
Yellow prussiate of potash
Red prussiate of potash
Extracts of dye woods :
For blacks and violets
For reds and yellows
Turmeric, in powder
*Hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid)
Caustic soda
1
Carbonate of soda (salt of soda) of all degrees.
*Artificial soda (raw)
127. 3s. 10d.
2s. 11d. and 4s. 101d.
Free and 93d.
48. 10 d.
17. 14s. 1åd.
Free.
Free and 1s. 5d.
Free and 93d.
12s. 11d.
3s. 5d.
5ąd.
17. 14s. 1ąd..
4l. 17s. 6d.
Free.
Prohibited.
6s. 4d.
4s. 10 d. to 18s. Old.
11ąd. to 2s. 54d.
il. 14s. 13d.
5l. 2s, 5d.
5l. 2s. 5d.
Free.
16 3
2 101
s. d.
s. d.
2 101
1
1 71
2 01/
6 1
4 03/2
8s. 1 d.
12s. 24d.
8s. 1 d.
12s. 24d.
Prohibited
3.
17. 10s. 2ąd.
33
2s. old.
3d.
2 01
12s. 11d.
1 10
1
23
4
12s. 11d.
0 11
0
71
4

12s. 11d.
0 11
2s. 11d. to 4s. 10d.
052
Ο 77
0 5
2s, 11d. to 4s. 10½d,
0
201
0 31
15
*Carbonate of soda, crystallised (crystals of soda)
*Sulphate of soda and sulphite of soda
*Sulphate of soda crystallised (Glauber's salts)
*Bicarbonate of soda, and other salts of soda not
specified
421
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
Old Tariff.
1854.
Rates of Import Duties.

New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND DYE
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
Per cwt.
STUFFS-continued.
s. d.
s. d.
*Chloride of lime -
1
83
1 13
15
81
10 51
*Chlorate of potash
*Soap, ordinary, and for perfumery
*Artificial ultramarine
Red phosphorus
Aluminium
Aluminate of soda
Perfumed, 41.; others l
prohibited
28. 51d.
68. 1d.

Chloride of aluminium
Chromates of potash
Chromates of lead -
Colours not specified, dry, in paste, and liquid
Stearic acid
Glue and gelatine -
Varnish :-
Oil
31. 13s. 2d.
17. 16s. 7d.
8s. 6d. to 178. Od.
12s. 2 d.
12s. 21d. to 27. 8s. 94d.
10 per cent. ad valorem.
Essential oil
*Spirit of wine
Orchilla dyes of all kinds
Chemicals not specified
GLASS AND CRYSTAL WARE.
Mirrors of less than 1 mètre square
*Plate-glass and mirrors:-
Unpolished
21.
21. 88. 94d. to 41. 17s. 6d.
Prohibited.
21. 88. 94d.
}5 per cent. ad valorem.
Silvered or polished
*Bottles of all shapes
*Window-glass, plain
Glass, coloured, polished, or engraved, and for
watches and optical purposes
*Glass-ware, and table glass, white or coloured
Vitrifications
Enamelled glass -
Articles of glass not enumerated
Broken glass and cullet
Rock crystal, rough or worked
f 12s. Old. to 21. 8s. 2d.
per sq. yard.
13s. 3d. to 21. 12s. 11 d.
per sq. yard.
Prohibited.
Prohibited.
Prohibited (except for
watches and optical
purposes, from 4s.
101d. to 9s. 9d. per
cwt.).
Prohibited.
51d. to 25. 74d. per lb.
41. 178. 6d.
Prohibited.
{
Free.
Rough, free.
Worked, prohibited.
10 per cent. ad valorem.
18. Od. per sq. yard.
2s. 8d.
Os. 61d. per cwt.
1s. 5d.

10 per cent. ad valorem,
Free. Hmon
Free.
N.B.-Rock crystal mounted will pay as
jewellery.
* These articles are also liable to an Excise duty. See page 424,
422
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
EARTHENWARE AND POTTERY.
COMMON WARE :-
Old Tariff.
1854.
Per cwt.
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.

1860.
1864.
Per cwt.
s. d.
Tiles of all kinds, bricks, and fire-bricks
Gas retorts, drainage pipes, and others -
Crucibles of all sorts, including those of plumbago
or black lead -
2s. 11d.
Free.
Clay pipes
Glazed or not, of all shapes
Glazed, with decorations in relief, of one or more
colours, flat or hollow
2s. 11d.
2 0/1/20
STONEWARE:-
Utensils and apparatus for the manufacture of
chemical products
4s. 10 d.
Free.
1 71
Free.
Common of all sorts, flat and hollow, including
bottles, flasks, household articles, kitchen
utensils, &c.
EARTHENWARE :-
With tin glaze-coloured paste, white glaze
With coloured glaze, majolica, with varnish of
more than one colour
Fine earthenware
Fine stoneware
Porcelain, white or decorated, of all kinds,
Parian and biscuit (white)
VARIOUS ARTICLES.
ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS
MODES
MERCERY, all kinds
BUTTONS, fine or common, other than haberdashery
BRUSHES of all kinds
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS and parts of instruments
PINS of all kinds
7s. 33d.
11. 38. 103d.
11. 38. 10åd.
Prohibited.
>>
41. to 77. 19s. 53d.
}
} 12 per cent. ad valorem.
21. 88. 91d. to 4l. 17s. 6d.
21. 8s. 94d. to 4l. 17s. 6d.
Pianos 147. 8s. Od. to
197. 4s. Od. each; church
organs 191. 4s. Od.; harps
11. 14s. 7d.
21. 8s. 94d. to 41. 17s. 6d.
20 per cent.
ad valorem.
15 per cent.
ad valorem.
10 per cent. ad valorem.
Free.
Free.
10 per cent. ad valorem.
20 4
(from the 1st December
1860.)
INDIA-RUBBER MANUFACTURES:--
Pure or mixed
Applied upon tissues in picces or upon other
materials
Made-up wearing apparel
In elastic tissues of any dimensions
98. 9d. to 17. 4s. 43d.
8 14
1/1/20
41. 17s. 6d.
4l. 17s. 6d.
40 7
48 91
4l. 17s. 6d.
81 31/
423
DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES.
VARIOUS ARTICLES—continued.
INDIA-RUBBER MANUFACTURES-continued.
İç
Old Tariff.
1854.
Per cwt.
Rates of Import Duties.
New Tariff.
1860.
1864.
Per cwt.
s. d.
Boots and shoes
41. 17s. 6d.
N.B.-Articles of gutta-percha pay the same
duties as india-rubber.
OIL AND FLOOR CLOTH:
For packing
59
SEALING-WAX
BLACKING of all kinds
furniture, hangings, and other purposes
}
INK, writing, drawing, and printing
CORDAGE, cables, and fishing nets -
11.14s. 1 d. to 51.78.3d.
21. 88. 91d.
31. Os. Od.
17. 9s. 3d. to 21. 8s. 91d.
12s. 2 d.
Free.
19s. 6d.
FISH, fresh water:-
Fresh
Prepared
FISH, sea:-
N-
Fresh, dry, salted, or smoked (except cod)
SAUCES AND PICKLES
CHEESE, hard
*BEER
MOLASSES:
Containing less than 50 per cent. of saccharine
matter
Containing more than 50 per cent. of saccharine
matter
*ALCOHOL, per 100 degrees
SLATES:
For roofing
In squares or slabs
19s. 6d.
41. 178. 6d.
78. 3 d.
17. 6s. 2d. per 100 galls.
Prohibited.
51. 98. Od. per 100 galls.
24 43 d
2004 din 20
12 21
1 71
8 11
8. 14A
Free.
4 02
4 01
10 2
4 03
རྟོན

7s. 3 d. per 100 galls., in
addition to the internal
tax.
7s. 24d. to 21. 4s. 2d. per
1,000.
11. 8s. 91d. per 100.
* These articles are also liable to an Excise duty. See page 424.
4 53
ghot
Same as raw sugar.
54s. 6d. per 100 galls., in
addition to the internal
tax.
3s. 24d. per 1,000.

88. Od.
100.
梦梦
​3
424
#
EXCISE DUTIES LEVIABLE ON ARTICLES OF BRITISH MANUFACTURE.
The articles mentioned below are also subject, on their importation into France,
to the following Excise duties, in addition to the customs duties specified in the Tariff,
of compensation for equivalent duties paid by French manufacturers.
by way
:
Per cwt.
s. d.
Per cwt.
s. d.
Raw soda
Crystals of soda
Sulphate of soda :-
1 91
1 91
Salts or raw residue of the calcination of
beet-root refuse
0 6
Salt of tin
1 2/1/20
Pure
Anhydrate
2 51
Crystallized or hydrate -
0 112
Impure-
Soap:-
White or marbled, composed of alkalis and
oil of olives, or oleaginous seeds, pure
or mixed with animal fat-
Anhydrate
2
21
4
Crystallized or hydrate -
0 101
The oil composing at least half of the
mixture of oleaginous bodies
3 4
4
Sulphite of soda
2 51
Salt of soda -
4 5
The oil composing less than half in
the mixture of oleaginous bodies
2 51
Hydrochloric acid-
1
21
Of animal fat-
Chloride of lime
4
Pure
2 51
Chlorate of potash
26 10
Mixed with resin
2 5
Chloride of magnesium
1 7/1/2
Plate glass or large mirrors
8d. per sq. yd.
Of palm or cocoa-nut oil mixed with
animal fat
1 741
Glass ware, window glass, and other white
Coloured, composed of oils from seeds or
glass
1
3/21/20
of animal fat
2 51
Bottles
0
6
Pure alcohol
3s. 34d. per gall.
Artificial ultramarine
Sal ammoniac
Kelp
4 51
6 6
Beer
8s. 82d. per 100 galls.
0 71
Spirits of wine varnish, 3s. 31d. per gallon
of pure alcohol contained in the varnish.
V
J
LONDON:
Printed by GEORGE E. EYRE and WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
Printers to the Queen's most Excellent Majesty.
For Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
[17034.-6000.
7000: 3/76.]
:}3/76.]

品
​
$


UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
N
#
3 9015 06718 3486