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EYE NOT E S.
Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
These Eye Notes were prepared to assist in the study, and form the basis of the
didactic lectures on the embraced subjects as given by the author at the Hahnemann
Medical College and Hospital, Chicago. They are necessarily concise, condensed
and elementary in their character, and are in no sense designed to take the place of,
or in any way supersede the treatises on the subjects, but are intended to suggest the
topics to be further studied, to pick out of the mass of writings the essential funda-
mental pinciples and main diagnostic points, and to suggest the line of treatment.
Their cordial reception, not only by students, but by practitioners, has seemed to be
sufficient reason for a publication more general than was originally intended.
The attempts to prepare an abbreviated materia medica must be always attended
with hazard, and will doubtless be found incomplete. Additions of new remedies
and well-authenticated symptoms will be made from time to time, and the whole
enlarged and improved, may form the basis for a more pretentious work at some
future time. But it is not to be expected that any one will always preseribe on local
symptoms alone, but be guided by a more thorough knowledge of the remedies other-
wise obtained. For their peculiar wording, the author is often alone respons-
ible; but not only in them, but in the preparation of the diseases, all works accessible
have been freely used. It is hoped this statement will serve as a full and courteous
acknowledgement of the great assistance mecessarily derived from many excellent
publications. -
Dr. C. H. VILAS’


EYE NOTES.

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CATARRHAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.
Synonym : Catarrhal Ophthalmia.
CHIEF CAUSES. Exposure; the exanthematous diseases; injuries; bad
hygiene; consequent on other inflammations; ametropia; foreign bodies; con-
tagion. Preceded by hyperaemia.
SYMPTOMS. Sensation of sand in the eye; smarting, itching and lachrymation;
increased vascularity; chemosis; sticking together of the lids, especially after
sleeping; mucous or muco-purulent discharge, the latter collecting in, and
known by, whitish flakes containing albumen, mucous and epithelial cells. Lids
grow red, swell and become stiff. Often numerous small haemorrhagic spots.
NOTE. The classification of conjunctivitis is arbitrary: one form may run into
another. All are inſectious and contagious: the discharge from one form may
produce its own kind, or that of another. May be endemic or epidemic.
Caution.—Use extreme care as to cleanliness, isolation of all towels, basins, etc.
LOCAL TREATMENT. Extreme cleanliness always. Cold applications in
primary stages, with protection. Mild astringent lotions when necessary. Cor-
neal and iritic complications may require atropine.
GENERAL TREATMENT and constitutional must not be neglected.
REMEDIES. Allium cepa, Apis mel., Argentum nit., Arsenicum, Belladonna,
Euphrasia, Graphites, Hepar sulph., Merc Sol., Nux vom., Pulsatilla, Rhus tox.,
Sulphur. ps
PURULENT CONJUNCTIVITIS.
Synonyms; Blenorrhoea; Military or Egyptian Ophthalmia.
Varieties: Gonorrhoeal Conjunctivitis; Ophthalmia Neonatorum.
CHIEF CAUSES. Same as catarrhal variety.
SYMPTOMS. Same as catarrhal, but greatly intensified. Discharge purulent,
thick and highly contagious. Often great chemosis.
NOTE. The classification is arbitrary. Read carefully Note under catarrhal va-
riety. Great danger of cornea becoming involved, causing ulceration, sloughing
and not inſtequently loss of the eye. Study the corneal dangers and their treat-
ment. Gomorrhoeal conjunctivitis is usually very severe and shows great
tendency to constitutional symptoms, which often are extremely severe. Oph-
thalmil neonatorum may be very mild or very severe.
LOCAL TREATMENT. No disease requires greater judgment or more careful
diagnosis in this matter. Extreme cleanliness always. When discharge has not
set in, conjunctiva being tense, hot and dry, use soothing applications, such as
atropine, and feel the way carefully. When discharge is fully established, an
astringent lotion every few hours; or it may be necessary to paint inner surface
of lids once or twice daily with a strong solution of silver nitrate (which see)
or other similar remedy. If cornea becomes cloudy, atropine must be used.
Canthoplasty, if lids press too closely on the globe. Seal up the non-affected
eye, if necessary; in any event use the greatest caution that the disease be not
communicated to it. Cool, or even iced, applications may be demanded in
SeVere CaSeS.
GENERAL TREATMENT. This disease often greatly drains the system;
gonorrhoeal variety particularly so. Keep strength up. Disinfect the room.
REMEDIES. Aconite, Apis mel., Argentum nit., Calcarea carb., Chamomilla,
Hepar Sulph., Mercurius, Nitric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus tox.
Dr. C. H. VILAS’
EY NOTES.
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CRANULAR CONJUNCTIVITIS.
Synonyms: Trachoma; Granular Lids; Ophthalmia Granulosa.
CHIEF CAUSES. Catarrhal and Purulent Conjunctivitis. Filth, impure air,
and defective hygiene generally. Contagion.
SYMPTOMS. Locally this trouble is characterized by hyperaemia, swelling, and
a peculiar roughness of the palpebral conjunctiva. These changes may be
noticed as diffuse, vascular excrescences in the conjunctival tissue, resembling
roundish granules; or as hypertrophied papillae. Former called “granular trach-
oma;” latter, “papillary trachoma;” occurring together, as they most often do,
“mixed trachoma.” There may be a discharge, at first thin and watery, grad-
ually becoming thicker and of a muco-purulent character; or the disease may
steal on so insidiously as to be established beſore really suspected. In latter
case patient generally previously complains of the lids sticking together in the
morning, with some roughness. When either acute, or established, the eyes
are very irritable, accompanied by a sensation of sand, especially under the
upper lid, and they become red and watery on attempting to use them. After a
short time the lids become puffy, more or less flabby, and limp.
Nearly always, however, general complaints accompany, or have originated
this trouble. Particularly associated with the badly nourished ; with high ſree
livers, who crowd their stomachs, drink hot, stimulating drinks, remain in Smoky
rooms, or heated, close atmosphere, and take insufficient exercise.
All symptoms vary greatly in severity according to the nature of the attack.
NOTE. Granular conjunctivitis is contagious: often highly so. Caution—Isolate
all towels, utensils, etc. Shows great tendency to relapses, acute exacerbations
being common. Often complicated with other diseases. The greatest danger
lies in the injury to the cornea. The rough, sand-paper-like lids irritate the
cornea, promoting vascularity and pamnus, or it may ulcerate. Conjunctiva may
become chronically dry (xerophthalmia), lids be drawn inwards at the margin
(entropion), lashes turn in (trichiasis), or lid or lids become firmly adherent to
the globe (symblepharon). Either of the latter more likely to be the result of
injudicious treatment, however. Mind apt to partake of the bodily weakness in
old advanced cases, and patient become addicted to lazy, indolent habits.
LOCAL TREATMENT is all important. Injudiciously done, it does harm
rather than good. In severe cases astringents are necessary, caustics seldom
are. Primary cases and exacerbations are better met by remedies. Ice-bags in
severe, acute attacks, or exacerbations of old chronic ones are highly recom-
mended. Crayon of copper sulphate is to be used only by the most experienced,
if at all. Tannic acid, six to ten grains, and glycerine, one ounce, also highly
recommended. Silver nitrate, which see, properly used, is the most reliable
irritant, however.
C ENERAL TREATMENT. Removal of all exciting causes; cold-water
general bathing, with friction; good food, air, and exercise, and healthy, useful
employment are all essential.
REMEDIES. Aconite, Alumina, Argentum nit., Arsenicum alb., Aurum, Bella-
donna, Euphrasia, Mercurius, Natrum mur., Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Sulphur.
PUSTULAR CONJUNCTIVITIS.
Synonyms: Herpes Ophthalmicus; Phlyctenular Conjunctivitis.
CHARACTERIZED by small, yellowish-red modules on the conjunctiva; often
associated with, and in many respects similar to, pustular keratitis, which see.
TREAT MENT. Same as indicated under Pustular Keratitis.
REMEDIES. See Suppurative Keratitis.
Dr. C. H. VILAS’


EYE NOTES.

Futered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Uibrariam of Congress, at Washington.
CLAUCOMA.
Synonym : Arthritic Ophthalmia.
Divisions: Acute and Chronic.
CAUSES. Somewhat obscure : often caused by mental emotions, as prolonged
grieſ, etc. Hereditary. Neuralgia of fiſth nerve. Irritations of the ciliary nerves.
Retinal haemorrhage. -
SYMPTOMS. The symptoms of acute glaucoma are those of intense acute in-
flammation. Generally preceded by what are known as prodromal symptoms as
below, but greatly intensified; them bursts forth with addition of severe head-
aches and terrible ciliary neuralgia; cloudiness of the aqueous and vitreous
humors; dilitation and sluggishness of the pupil, which perhaps is filled with a
greenish reflex; photophobia, lachrymation, and conjunctival congestion; often
fever and vomiting; cornea clouded, iris jammed against it, the anterior cham-
ber being obliterated ; tension increased until the eye may become as hard as
stone : marked changes in the fundus, but generally not to be seen owing to
condition of the refractive media. They are pulsation of the arteries; swollen,
beaded appearance of the veins; slight retinal haemorrhages; peculiar cupping
of optic disc.
Chronic glaucoma (synonym, simple glaucoma), on the other hand is an insid-
ious disease, stealing on unawares often. The prodromal symptoms are mild
usually, and often needlessly overlooked, and disease steals on, to become
hopelessly incurable, or burst into acute form. Its symptoms are increase of
tension; mild hyperaemia and inflammation; the peculiar excavation of the
optic nerve; and decrease of vision, with man rowing of visual field. Both
forms, palticularly the acute, are often mistaken for other diseases, as bilious
fever, brain troubles, etc.
Confirmed glaucoma (synonym, glaucoma absolutum), renders the globe hard
as Stone, pupil dilated, lens opaque, col nea dull and insensitive, anterior cham-
ber shallow.
Prodromal symptoms are rapid increase of any existing presbyopia; colored
rings around a light; intermittent obscurations of sight; ciliary neuralgia; silght
variable increase of intra-ocular tension; narrowing of visual field and dim-
ness of vision.
NOTE. Glaucoma is one of the most dangerous and least generally understood dis-
eases of the eye. Badly or neglectſully treated, results in certain blindness.
Hypermetropic eyes most liable to it, generally attacking one and extending to
the other. Intervals, or periods of remission may be days or years. When rapid,
destroying sight in a few hours, or even in less time, it is called glazacoma ful.
minans (lightning glaucoma); when following ordinary inflammation or injuries
of the eye, secondary glaucoma. Both eyes are usually affected, often first one
and then the other. Females at and beyond the change of life are notably sus-
ceptible. The cupping of the optic disc is peculiar and not easily confounded
with either the physiological or atrophic cupping. Rapidly advancing presby-
opia is suspicious. Treatment requires good judgment and experience. Rem-
edies are often of great aid associated with proper local treatment. “
LOCAL TREATMENT. Paracentesis or iridectomy, according to severity
and nature of attack. Until recently, great stress has been laid on the necessity
for a broad iridectomy quite up to the ciliary margin, and explicit directions
given for perſorming the same. Experienced judgment is the best guide as to
the kind of iridectomy needed. If performed early, good results almost certain;
tardy hesitating treatment generally punished with loss of vision. In early stages
paracentesis properly performed, with proper remedies, is frequently all-sufficient.
With caution, atropine, which see.
GENERAL TREATMENT all important. See Principles of Ophthalmic
Surgery.
REMEDIES. Aconite, Belladonna, Bryonia alb., Colocynth, Cypripedin, Macro-
tin, Mercurius, Prunus spin., Spigelia.
Dr. C. H. VILAS’


EYE NOTES.

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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
IRITIS.
Synonym : Inflammation of the Iris.
CHIEF CAUSES. Exposure, rheumatism, syphilis, injuries and extension of
inflammation from other parts.
SYMPTOMS more or less attendant on all varieties.
I. Changes in color and texture of the iris (light iris becomes greenish ; dark,
brownish-red.)
2. Alteration in form and mobility of the pupil ; Iris sluggish.
3. Suffusion of conjunctiva : and zone of vessels around corneo-scleral junction,
(which may be red, blue or brown.)
4. Pain, variable, (may be absent).
5. Photophobia and lachrymation.
6. Vision always impaired, (should be accurately tested).
Classification arbitrary, but for convenience divided into
1. Simple or plastic, characterized by plastic exudation. Synechiae may be
found after atropine is used, if not before.
2. Serous. characterized by hyper-secretion of the aqueous humor. Less ten-
dency to synechiae. Tension increased. Pupil dilated.
3. Parenchymatous or suppurative, characterized by well-defined modular mas-
ses, which are reddish-brown at first, then yellowish. They are absorbed,
or suppurate causing hypopion, (pus in the anterior chamber.)
NOTE. Neither syphilitic, rheumatic or gomorrhoeal iritis have distinctive forms,
though the former is often parenchymatous. When the circumference of the
pupil is wholly adherent to the anterior capsule of the lens, the condition is
called exclusion of the pupil; when area of pupil is encroached on by exuda-
tion, called occlusion of pupil. Contraction of field of vision is due to me-
chanical obstruction. Adhesions of iris to lens capsule or cornea are called
posterior or anterior synechiae, respectively. The various forms are often far
from distinct: each may run into or be combined with another form.
Serous iritis is an insidious disease, the Symptoms are often quite dull, and the
disease creeps on unawares.
LOCAL TREATMENT. In all forms, perſect rest of the iris and eye. Best se-
cured by atropine and the protective bandage. A drop of a solution of the former,
of the strength of from two to ſour grains to the ounce should be instilled at
intervals of a few minutes until dilatation of pupil is secured, and then several
times a day. It may even be necessary to use solutions of atropine of strength
of six to eight grains to the ounce, but with great caution. Full dilatation of the
pupil is best guide, and in most cases, essential to success. Atropine should be
continued some days after all inflammation has apparently subsided. In serous
iritis, a paracentesis of the cornea should be early performed, unless atropine and
hot applications relieve early. Great harm is often done to the delicate parts of
the eye by dilatory treatment. Hypopion is well met by remedies, and seldom
requires to be evacuated. In the parenchymatous form, anterior synechiae may
form and require to be broken up. Corelysis properly done is sometimes the best
operation; improperly done often sets up violent internal eye inflammations.
Iridectomy is often a necessity in serous iritis of a severe type; may be required
in sevel e parenchymatous iritis due to Syphilis; extremely seldom required in
the plastic form if properly treated in the beginning. Old, badly-treated,
chronic cases may require it. Sometimes when the e is great intra-ocular ples-
Sure, atropine will not work until the pressure be relieved by paracentesis or
otherwise.
Camation. Use no mitrate of silvel in tritis.
C ENERAL TREAT MENT. Quiet the pain. Keep down complications.
Induce sleep.
REMEDIES. Aconite, Arsenicum, Asafoetida, Aulum, Bryonia, Cannabis, Clema-
tis, Gelsemium, Hepal Sul., Kali iod., Mercurius, Rhus tow , Spigelin, Thuja.
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EYE NOTES.

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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
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In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
INTERSTITIAL KERATITIS.
Synonyms: Diffuse Keratitis. Parenchymatous Keratitis.
CHARACTERIZED by moderate infiltration of the cornea with an opaque
grayish or yellowish-white product, generally beginning at the margin and ad-
vancing toward the centre, causing swelling and diffuse cloudiness. Infiltration
shows little inclination to break down, and usually collects in extensive, cloudy
and distinctly-marked spots. These opacities may vary all the way from slight
diffuse cloudiness to density, the cornea then looking like ground glass.
NOTE. The surface may, but usually does not, retain its smooth appearance.
Epithelium generally lost, vessels appearing on the surface. Often found with
hereditary syphilis, when there are also present the peculiar notched teeth, upper
central incisors, permanent set, and the peculiar physiognomy. Disease apt to be
very tedious, but may recover. Cornea in rare cases is so covered with vessels
as to look red, like an extravasation of blood.
LOCAL TREATMENT. Atropine at times does well, other times seems to
injure; much benefit often from daturine, when atropine does not do well. Pro-
tection and rest of eyes.
REMEDIES. See Suppurative Keratitis.
DIPHTHERITIC CONJUNCTIVITIS.
CH ! EF CAUSES. Occurs in course of diphtheria, and results from same causes
as do the other forms.
SYMPTOMS. A yellow, tough and firm product of inflammation, collects in the
tissue of the conjunctiva and on its surface, from which it may often be torn off
like a thick lining of the lids. There are usually the symptoms of intense in-
flammation in the first stages, with great tenderness to the touch, the lids being
hardened by fibrinous infiltration. Symptoms vary much in nature according to
the severity of the case, but generally are severe at first; the lids grow soft as
the disease advances, and pus Supervenes.
NOTE. This disease is extremely rare in the United States. Lids are often rigid
and seemingly fibrinous in the other varieties, and errors in diagnosis made.
Found mainly on the Continent. Cornea apt to suffer severely, and the lids to
become cicatrized. Constitutional symptoms usually marked.
TREAT MENT. The treatment is not very satisfactory. Locally ice compresses
in first stages, and the treatment of purulent conjunctivitis when pus sets in.
Support the strength.
PTERYCIUM.
CHIEF CAUSES. Exposure to hot winds, to the winds of the sea, of the prai-
rics. etc. Chronic inflammations.
SYMPTOMS. A triangular vascular ridge of hypertrophied conjunctival and sub-
conjunctival tissue, usually on the nasal side of the eye, base towards the can-
thus, apex adjacent to, or more or less on the cornea.
LOCAL TREAT MENT. If remedies are unavailing and it persistently en-
croaches on the cornea, excision, ligation or transplantation.
REMEDIES. Argentum nit., Arsenicum alb., Calc. carb., Sulphur, Zincum.
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Dr. C. H. VILAS
EYE NOTES.
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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington
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KERATITIS.
Synonyms: Corneitis; Inflammation of the Cornea.
CHIEF CAUSES. Inflammation of adjacent parts; bad nutrition; constitutional
disease; injuries; exposure.
SYMPTOM'S more or less attendant on all varieties:
I. Ciliary irritation.
2. Rosy zone of vessels around corneal margin, with conjunctival congestion.
3. Contraction of pupil.
4. Pain.
5. Photophobia and lachrymation.
6. Impaired vision.
Classification arbitrary, but for convenience divided into
I. Vascular.
2. Pustular, (synonyms: phlyctenular; herpes of the cornea).
3. Suppurative.
4. Interstitial, (synonyms: parenchymatous; diffuse).
NOTE. Keratitis may involve whole or part of the cornea, and is named according
to the predominant kind of inflammation present. -
Opacities are frequently result of keratitis. Are Superficial and deep; former
affecting epithelium—generally curable; latter affecting parenchyma—seldom
curable. Faint superficial opacity called a neubla—sometimes a macula when
more like a spot; deeper, denser one, a leucoma, but when combined with pro-
lapse and adhesion of iris, a leucoma adherens.
Caution.—Use no nitrate of silver or other irritants or preparations of lead in
acute keratitis.
Opacity may be so situated as to be no hindrance to vision, or may
shut out vision wholly or in part. May cause cross-eye, nystagmus, etc. If
unsightly, may be stained with india-ink, but operation dangerous, unless
thoroughly conversant with eye diseases. Cloudiness of cornea may be due to
glaucoma, serous iritis, irido-choroiditis, or other disease, cornea being second-
arily implicated, and real cause overlooked. A common error, involving loss of
sight in many cases.
Cornea becomes turbid, swollen and thinned; may burst and contents pro-
lapse, forming a staphyloma. Corneal curvature thus becomes astigmatic, and
vision damaged or destroyed. Hence the caution to prevent intra-ocular pressure
by bandage or iridectomy.
A staphyloma may necessitate the removal of the eye, for fear of sympathetic
ophthalmia of the companion eye. Some prefer to excise the anterior portion
of the globe, evacuate the contents, and bringing together the remnants form a
good stump for the wearing of an artificial eye. This latter operation, however,
is not free from the danger of sympathetic trouble, and may cause it.
Old chronic indolent ulcers, showing little disposition to heal, may sometimes
be advantageously gently touched with weak silver nitrate to stimulate them.
Superficial opacities will generally get well independently of remedial aid, but
are accelerated by the proper remedy. Local irritants judiciously used will also
hasten the tissue changes, but must be cautiously used, if at all.
PAN NUS is a superficial non-inflammatory vascular opacity of the cornea. Term
often applied to acute and chronic vascular keratitis, new tissue still being in
process of formation. Disease tedious in its course, complete cure seldom.
Caused by granular conjunctivitis, inverted lashes or other irritating substances.
Requires thorough knowledge and careful study to cure. Canthoplasty often ad-
visable. Hot and cold applications, syndectomy and remedies should be care-
fully studied and tried previous to any of the severer means. Inoculation of pur-
lent matter is a final resort. This artificial disease is then allowed to run its
course unchecked, and not unfrequently is followed by the most brilliant results.
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IRIDO-CYCLITIS.
CHIEF CAUSES. Often primarily, cyclitis, but generally springs up in con-
nection with iritis, or with choroiditis. Frequently arises from injuries, such as
wounds in the ciliary region, dislocated lens, or foreign body in the eye. May
also be sympathetic from the other eye.
SYMPTOMS. Great tenderness on pressure over the ciliary region, with pain, is
the main diagnostic symptom. This is not present in iritis. Accompanied by tur-
bidity of the vitreous and aqueous humors; loss of accommodation; photophobia
and lachrymation; impairment of vision; zone of vessels around the cornea;
increase of tension.
NOTE. Irido-cyclitis is an extremely dangerous and insidious disease. Often steals
on quietly without subjective warning, and hence unnoticed until beyond hope. It
often much resembles iritis, and is in consequence overlooked. An exudation is
poured out which may be either serous, plastic or purulent. Either or both of
the last two are the most destructive. Eye becomes hopelessly glued together or
totally breaks down. When this condition is brought about by sympathetic
ciliary mervous irritation from an injured companion eye, it is called “sympa-
thetic irido-cyclitis,” or “sympathetic ophthalmia.” May come on immediately
or after the lapse of years. Do not confound sympathetic irritation with sympa-
thetic irido-cyclitis. The ſormer may be present and quiet down, the latter
extremely seldom if ever. The symptoms of sympathetic irritation are irritation
and slight injection of the eye; neuralgic pain; slight photophobia and lachry-
mation; eye quickly fatigues at near or fine work. These may occur frequently
and pass off with no organic lesions remaining.
LOCAL TREATMENT. When primary, complete rest, protection, cold, heat,
atropine, and remedies seemingly indicated may be tried, a careful watch being
kept on companion eye for first symptoms of irritation. When sympathetic, the
injured eye must be removed at once. There is danger and often a very great,
but not necessarily destructive, risk of sympathetic ophthalmia taken, in not enu-
cleating an eye seriously injured by disease or wound ; but so long as there is
sight in the injured eye, and no sympathetic irritation in the companion eye, it
may be watched and allowed to remain.
C ENERAL TREATMENT. Good food and hygienic arrangements are all
important.
PUSTULAR KERATITIS.
Synonyms: Herpes Ophthalmicus; Phlyctenular Keratitis. *
CHARACTERIZED by circumscribed inflammatory nodules in the superficial
layers of the cornea, most often at the margin, singly or in groups.
CHIEF CAUSES. Particularly associated with the weak, nervous and badly-
mourished. Often epidemic. Seen in connection with the eruptions of herpes,
eczema, etc., in the course of trifacial nerve. Irritations of ciliary nerves through
the triſacial, or direct. Often associated with nasal catarrh.
NOTE. Vesicles form on these nodules and burst, forming ulcers; or they may
result directly from loss of tissue on the nodules. Photophobia and pain gem-
erally very marked, former seemingly out of all proportion to the inflammation.
Often combined with pustular conjunctivitis. Secretions from the eye acrid,
irritating and burning the parts in contact. Disease apt to recur.
LOCAL TREATMENT. Protective bandage and atropine. Proper and ju-
dicious use of the finest powdered calomel, carefully dusted on, is often of the
highest advantage. Absolute cleanliness of the lids and eye.
REMEDIES. See Suppurative Keratitis.
Dr. C. H. VILAS’


EYE NOTES.

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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington
SUPPURATIVE KERATITIS.
CHARACTERIZED by the inflammatory infiltration becoming changed into
pus, and appearing as a yellow opacity in the corneal tissue. It may be limited,
or the entire cornea become a yellow necrosed mass.
CHIEF CAUSES are the same as in the other forms. Corneal incisions in the
old or feeble. Often following in corneal cataract operations, especially when
the cornea has been bruised. Severe forms of conjunctivitis. Paralysis of fifth
pair of nerves, rendering cornea anaesthetic, and retarding nutrition.
NOTE. An abscess is suppuration enclosed by corneal tissue; an ulcer is formed
by an abscess opening. Ulcers also occur superficially without previous abscess,
and vary in form, size and depth. Keratocele (hernia of the cornea) is formed
by ulcers penetiating to third lamina (Descemet's membrane) of the cornea, when
latter bulges forward filled with aqueous humor from intra-ocular pressure, and
generally perforates.
When pus sinks between the plates of the cornea, it is called onyx (or unguis);
when found in the anterior chamber, hypopion. Both may exist at same time.
May absorb, or require to be evacuated.
Ulcers may close up, leaving only slight Superficial opacities or no result of
inflammation, or may burst through suddenly calrying with the rush of humor
the iris, which becoming entangled in the wound in the process of healing forms
an anterior synechia; or if opening be large, iris may bulge through and adher-
ing around its margin form a staphyloma. Either of these accidents, and
especially the last, ale dangerous in that they may lead up to sympathetic irido-
cyclitis, which see. The relation of the parts becomes greatly changed also,
even though temporarily, in these accidents; and when, if such happens, they
return to their positions, they may be greatly damaged. Anterior lens capsule
may be cataractous.
When the suppuration is attended with little or no irritation and no vessels, it
is especially dangerous, the cornea rapidly dying. Prognosis more or less favor-
able, according as ulcer is superficial or deep-seated.
LOCAL TREAT MENT. In beginning atropine and rest. Later, and not too
late, reduce the intra-ocular tension by paracentesis or iridectomy. Large
ulcers should not be allowed to burst, but paracentesis be performed through
their base. Pus need not be evacuated except in hypopion, seldom then. Rem-
edies will control these troubles. Saemische's operation. Protective bandage
in the neuro-paralytic form.
GENERAL TREAT MENT is all-important. Disease produces great drain
on the system. Careful diet and all tonic influences.
REMEDIES. Aconite, Apis mel., Argentum nit., Arnica, Arsenicum alb., Aurum
met., Calcarea carb., China, Conium mac., Euphrasia, Graphites, Hepar sulph.,
Kali bichrom., Merc. Sol., Merc. dulc., Merc. prot., Natrum mur., Nux vom.,
Rhus tox., Silicea, Sulphur.
VASCULAR KERATITIS.
CHARACTERIZED by gray opacity of, and development of vessels on the
roughened surface of the cornea. -
NOTE. The loss of the epithelium, which may ensue, causes great pain from the
exposure of the nerves.
LoCAL TREATMENT. Protection and rest of eyes, and atropine. Perhaps
cold applications. Canthoplasty sometimes necessary.
REMEDIES. See Suppurative Keratitis.
Dr. C. H. VILAS’


EYE NOTES.

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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Libralian of Congress, at Washington
ACONITUM NAP. I. Inflammations which are very painful, with dryness,
heat and burning. 2. “Lids swollen, red and hard.” 3. The conjunctiva
is intensely hyperaemic and chemosed. 4. Inflammatory conditions resulting
from the irritation of foreign bodies. 5. Hyperaemia of the conjunctiva.
6. Chemosis of the conjunctiva. 7. Violent acute inflammation of the deep
structures of the eye-ball. 8. Ophthalmitis. 9. “Eye-ball very sensitive to the
touch.” Io. “Intense burning heat in the eye-ball.” -
II. “The eye-balls feel enlarged, as if coming out.” I2. “Vision as through
a veil.” 13. “Eyes dull, encircled by blue rings.” I4. Inflammation causes so
much pain and fright that death is desired. I5. “Slight irritation of the edges
of the lids.”
16. “Sensation as if the whole eye-ball would be pressed into the orbit.”
I7. Inflammatory symptoms, high strong pulse. I8. Acute aggravations of
chronic troubles. I9. Ulcers of the cornea from traumatic causes.
ACARICU.S. 1. “Twitchings of the lids.” 2. “Twitchings of the ball, often
very painful.” 3. “Biting, itching and jerking above the brow.” 4. “Sore-
ness of the balls, with itching and twitching of the lids.” 5. “Spasms of
the ciliary muscle.”
ALLIUM CEPA. 1. “Excessive lachrymation.” 2. “Lachrymation with cory-
za.” 3. “Sensation as of something under the lids, which causes a gush of
tears to wipe it out.”
ALUMINA. I. “Burning dryness in the eyes.” 2. Absence of lachrymation
marked. 3. “Chronic granular conjunctivitis.” 4. Paralysis of internal recti
muscles. 5. “Burning in the lids,” and “absence of lachrymation ” are char-
acteristics.
6. Upper lids weak, and hang down as if paralyzed. 7. Cilia fall out easily.
8. Pimples in the lids. 9. Sense of lameness in the upper lids. Io. Squinting
of the eyes.
AMYL NIT. 1. “Exophthalmic goitre.”
APIS MEL. I. “Lids much swollen, red and oedematous.” 2. “Swelling
about the eyes.” 3. “Burning, stinging and sensation of swelling around the
eyes, and in the superciliary ridge.” 4. “Smarting and sensation of burning
in the eyes, with bright redness of conjunctiva; very sensitive to light.”
5. “Burning in the margin of the lids, causing lachrymation.”
6. “Eyes water and are painful when looking at anything light.” 7. “Upper
lid swollen, hangs like a sack over the eye.” 8. “Lachrymation profuse and
hot, but not excoriating.” 9. “Absence of thirst very marked.”
ARGENTUM NITRICUM. I. “Conjunctivitis, abating in the cool and open
air, intolerable in warm room.” 2. “Infra-orbital neuralgia.” 3. “Boring
above the left eye.” 4. “Canthi red as blood.” 5. “Caruncula lachrymalis
swollen.”
6. “Clusters of intensely red vessels extend ſrom the inner canthus to the
cornea.” 7. “Increased secretion of tears.” 8. “Itching of canthi.” 9 “The
eyes are filled with mucus.” Io. “Mucus in the eyes, drying upon the lashes
and forming scurfs.”
II. Conjunctiva of balls and lids as red as blood. I2. “Bodies in the shape
of serpents before the vision.” 13. “Profuse muco-purulent discharge from the
eye.” I4. “Heat and pain in the ball.”
AR NICA. I. “Haemorrhage and ecchymosis from blows, wounds, etc.” 2. “Sub-
conjunctival ecchymosis.” 3. “Dryness of margin of upper eyelids; sore and
painful when moved.” 4. “Retinal haemorrhages.” 5. Obscure troubles
caused by injuries.
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Dr. C. H. VILAS’


EYE NOTES.

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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington
ARSEN ICU M. 1. “Eyelids oedematous, often completely closing the eyes.”
2. “Burning in the eyes, nose and mouth. 3. “Corrosive tears, making the
cheeks and eyelids sore.” 4. “Feeling of sand in the eyes in the evening.”
5. “Severe and constant burning in the eyes.”
6. Edges of lids very red. 7. “Extreme redness of the inner surface of the
lids.” 8. “Continual trembling of the upper lids, with lachrymation.”
9. “CEdematous eyelids, firmly and spasmodically closed.” Io. “Dryness of
eyelids as if the eye were rubbed by them, when reading by artificial light.”
II. “Burning in margin of upper lids.” I2. “Conjunctiva minutely in-
jected; diffused, pale redness.” I 3. “Yellowness of conjunctiva.” I4. “Puls-
ative throbbing in the eyes, and with every pulsation, a stitch; after midnight.”
15. “Characteristic pains are often periodic.”
16. Pains worse at night, with much thirst. 17. “Excessive photophobia and
lachrymation, with great prostration.” I8. “Eye symptoms accompanied by
great prostration and nervous irritability.” I9. Eczema of the lids. 20. “The
pains are aggravated by light and by moving the eye.”
21. Long known as an empirical remedy in neurotic diseases.
ASAFCETI DA. I. “Severe boring pain above the brows.” 2. “Deep-seated
inflammation of the eyes attended by ciliary pains.” 3. “The pains are usually
throbbing, beating, boring or burning in character, either in the eye, over or
around it.” 4. Syphilitic iritis, especially after the abuse of mercury.
AURU M M ET. 1. “Constant feeling of sand in the eyes.” 2. “Constant lach-
rymation.” 3. Pressure in the eyes, as from a foreign body. 4. “Burning,
stitching, drawing, and itching in the inner canthus of the eyes.” 5. “Half-
sightedness, as if the upper half of the vision were covered with a dark body;
upper objects remain invisible.”
6. “Everything is seen double.” 7. “Corneal ulcerations, and pamnus-like
thickening of the outer layer.” 8. “Infiltrated cornea and fine interstitial vas-
cularity.” 9. Useſul aſter the abuse of mercury. Io. “Trachoma, with pan-
nus.”
II. “Scrofulous ophthalmia, with ulcerations and vascularity of the cornea.”
I 2. “Pains dull or burning in character, compelling one to close the lids usually,
worse in the morning, and ameliorated by the application of cold water.”
13. Periostitis and caries of the orbits. I4. Especially useſul in suspected
syphilitic dyscrasia.
BELLADONNA. I. Lids puffy, red and congested. 2, Conjunctiva red and
Swollen. 3. Burning heat in the eyes. 4. Lachrymation, with great photopho-
bia. 5. Haemorrhage and ecchymosis of the eye. - -
6. “Objects appear inverted.” 7. “The eyes become distorted, with redness
and swelling of the lids.” 8. Hyperaemia of the optic nerve and retina, espe-
cially when consequent on cerebral congestion. 9. Hyperaesthesia of the retina.
IO. Pains in the eyes from congestive headache.
II. “Blepharitis, when lids are swollen and red.” I2. “Acute aggravations
of chronic diseases.” I 3. Photophobia. I4. Hyperaemia of the conjunctiva.
I5. Double vision.
I6. Conjunctiva intensely dry and brawny. I7. “Motion of the eyes accom-
panied by a sensation of dryness and stiffness.” . 18. “Inflammatory swellings
of the lids and conjunctiva, with throbbing.” I 9. Apoplexy of the retina.
2O. Alleviates the pains of glaucoma.
21. “Removes deep-seated and obstimate haemorrhages into the eye.”
22. “Dimness of vision from congestive headaches.” 23. “Dilated pupils.”
24. “Sparks beſore the eyes.” 25. “Halo around the flame, red predomin-
ating.”
26. Blindness after the suppression of rashes. 27. Blindness ſollowing severe
congestive headaches aſter scarlet fever,
Dr. C. H. VILAS


EYE NOTES.

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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D., -
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
BRYON IA ALB. I. Especially adapted to serous exudations. 2. “Choroiditis
and irido-choroiditis.” 3 “Pains very severe; aggravated by motion of the
eye-ball.” 4. Very sensitive pressive pain in the left eye-ball, especially violent
on moving it. 5. Ciliary neuralgia, worse on motion of any kind.
6. Diseases of the uveal tract. 7. Sclera highly inflamed.
CACTUS CRAN D. I. Dimness of sight dependent on retinal and optic-nerve
diseases. 2. Inflammation of optic nerve, when heart is diseased. 3. Great
congestion of eye, with heart troubles. 4. Exophthalmic goitre.
CAFFEI N. I. Nervous sleepless women, with eye troubles. 2. Particularly indi-
cated for sleeplessness aſter operations. 3. Pains of glaucoma and iritis are
alleviated.
CALCAREA CARB. I. Superficial inflammations caused by wet, or worse in
damp weather. 2. “Inflammations of margins of lids, loss of lashes, with thick
purulent excoriating discharge, and burning, sticking pains.” 3. “Blepharitis,
with great itching in lids.” 4. “Scrofulous inflammations of the conjunctiva
and cornea.” 5. “Nebulae of the cornea.”
6. Constitutional symptoms are often the best guide. 7. Eye affections in pot-
bellied children. 8. “Entropion or ectropion in the beginning.” 9. Sees
small things best. IO. Long-lasting supra-orbital neuralgia.
II. Eyes inflamed and injected at every exposure to cold. I2. Scroſulous
affections of the orbital bones. I 3. Trachoma in tubercular subjects.
CANT HARIS. I. “Severe burning pains in the eye.” 2. “Eyes red and suſ.
fused with tears; burning in the lids.”
CAUSTICU M. I. Cataractous lenses. 2. Paralysis of the muscles, especially
|rom taking cold. 3. “Sensation of heaviness in the upper lid; cannot be
easily raised.” 4. “Warts on the lids and brows.” 5. Blepharitis, “ especially
iſ ameliorated in the fresh air.”
6. “Paralysis of the ciliary muscle.” 7. “Paralysis due to rheumatism, or
getting the feet wet.” 8. The upper lids fall down; are nearly paralyzed.
CEDRON. I. Ciliary neuralgia. 2. “Pains severe, sharp and shooting.”
3. “Pains start over the eye, and extend along the branches of the supra-orbital
nerve into the head.”
CHAMOM I LLA. I. Child ſretſul, wants to be carried all the time, when troubled
with eye complaints. 2. Especially adapted to superficial inflammations,
3. Especially useſul in eye complaints in fretful children, when they are teeth-
ing, etc.
CHH NA. I. Eye complaints aggravated by loss of blood. 2. Amblyopia due to
venereal excesses. 3. Eye complaints when due to loss of animal fluids.
4. Eye complaints, accompanied by great prostration of general system. 5. Eye
complaints intermitting with other troubles.
6. “Sees better aſter sleeping.”
CHIN INUM SULPHURICUM. I. Intermittent strabismus. 2. Eye com-
plaints with intermittent fever. 3. Paroxysmal eye complaints.
CICUTA VIROSA. I. “On attempting to stand, objects seem now to come
nearer, and now to recede, causing a desire to hold on to something.” 2. Peri-
odic and Spasmodic strabismus. 3. “Trembling and twitching of the lids "
CIMICIFUGA. I. “Aching pain in both eye-balls.” 2. Heaviness of the eyes,
as if caused by cold. 3. Stinging in the eyelids. 4. Pain in the centre of the
eye-balls. 5. Pain in the eye extending to the top of the head.
CINA. I. “Asthenopia, especially when due to some refractive anomaly.” 2. “Stra-
bismus, dependent on helminthiasis.” 3. “Sickly look about the eyes, with
Paleness of face.” 4. Blackness before the eyes, with dizziness and faintness on
rising; relieved on lying down.
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Dr. C. H. VILAS


EYE NOTES.

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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
CINNABARIS. I. “Pain from inner canthus of left eye across the eyebrows.”
2. Ciliary neuralgia.
CLEMATIS. 1. “Biting, burning pains in the eye.” 2. “Burning in the eyes
as if fire were streaming out of them.” 3. “Burning, sticking pains in the
inner canthus of the left eye.”
COLOCYNTHIS. I. “Pains always relieved by pressure.” 2. “Cutting pains
in the eye.” 3. “Lachrymation profuse and acrid.”
CONIUM MAC. I. Excessive photophobia, caused by superficial ulceration of
the cornea. 2. Excessive photophobia, the terminal filaments of the ciliary and
conjunctival nerves being exposed. 3. “Weakness and dazzling of the eyes,
with giddiness of the whole body.” 4. Inability to raise the eyelids. 5. Double
V1S101).
6. “A heat which is burning moves rapidly through the eye.” 7. Burning on
the inner surface of the lids. 8. Induration of the lids. 9. Asthenopia.
1o Hyperaesthesia of the reitma.
II. “Inability to bear either light or heat.”
CROTALUs HoRRIDU.S. 1. “Haemorrhages into the retina.” 2. “Clears up
the vision after attacks of keratitis.”
CROTON TIG. I. Superficial and deep ulcers of the cornea. 2. Pustules on
the cornea. 3. Pustules on the conjunctiva. 4. Pustules on the lids. 5. Ec-
zema of the lids.
CYCLAMEN. I. “Muscae volitantes disappear.” 2. Flickering before the eyes.
3. Strabismus convergens. -
DiC, ITALIS. I. Relieves exophthalmic goitre, with severe heart symptoms.
2. “Tensive throbbing in left eye.”
EUPHRASIA. I. “Redness and swelling of the margin of the lids.” 2. Burn-
ing and swelling of the margin of the lids, with sensation of great dryness.
3. “Biting water runs ſrom the eyes.” 4. Lids swollem and red. 5. Cornea
covered with mucus.
6. “Burning in the eyes, with lachrymation.” 7. “Lids red, swollen and cov-
ered with a thick, yellow, acrid discharge.” 8. Catarrhal inflammations of the
conjunctiva. 9. Strumous inflammations of the cornea. IO. Catarrhal inflam-
mations from exposure to cold.
II. “Yellow, muco-purulent, thick and excoriating discharge, making the lids
sore.” I2. Opacities of the cornea from frequent attacks of inflammation.
13. “Blurring of the eyes, relieved by winking.”
FERRUM. I. Exophthalmic goitre.
CELSEMIUM. I. Paralysis of recti muscles. 2. Paralysis of external recti
muscles. 3. “Drooping of the eyelids.” 4. “Eyelids half-closed, with apparent
inability to move them.” 5. “Great heaviness of the lids.”
6. Diplopia. 7. “Control over the upper eye-lid almost lost.” 8. Diseases
of the uveal tract. 9. Serous exudations. Io. Detachment of the retina.
II. “Snake before the eyes.” I2. “Constant inclination to squint.”
13. “Inflammatory affections of retina and choroid.” I4. Paresis of the
muscles. *
GRAPHITES. I. “Dry scurfs on the cilia.” 2. “Moist eczematous eruptions
of the lids.” 3. Tarsal tumors. 4. External canthi fissured. 5. External
canthi crack and bleed easily.
6. Scrofulous ulcers and pustules. 7. Eyes and nose sore and surrounded by
thick moist scabs. 8. Intense photophobia, with thin, acrid discharge ſron the
nose. 9. “Very inflamed margins of the lids.” Io. Heat, dryness and pressure
about the lids.
II. “Superficial ulcerations with vascularity of the cornea.”
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Dr. C. H. VILAS’
EYE NOTES.



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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
HEPAR SULPHUR. I. Ulcerations of the cornea. 2. Sloughing of the cor-
nea. 3. Absorbs pus in the anterior chamber. 4. Obscuration of vision while
reading. 5. “Acute phlegmonous inflammation of the lids, with tendency to Sup-
puration.”
6. Suppurative keratitis. 7. “Pains are aggravated by cold and relieved
by warmth.” 8. Lids very sensitive to touch, with throbbing, aching, stinging
pain. 9. Great tendency to suppuration. Io. “Redness and swelling of upper
lid, with pain.”
II. Abscesses of the lids. I2. Abscesses of the cornea. I 3. Mucocele.
I4. Orbital cellulitis after suppuration has set in. I5. Pustular conjunctivitis of
strumous origin.
16. “Eczema of the lids, large heavy scabs form after sleeping.” I7. Lids
swollen, spasmodically closed and very sensitive to the touch. 18. Ulcerations
of external parts of the eye, which bleed easily and are very sensitive to the
touch. 19. Photophobia is usually a prominent symptom. 20. “Lids red, swol-
len and bleed easily on opening.”
21. “Boring pain in roof of orbits.” 22. The lids are stuck together in the
morning. 23. Pressive pain in the eyes and through the head.
HYDRASTIS CAN. I. Lids completely stuck together. 2. Burning sensation
in lachrymal duct.
HYOSCYAMUS NICER. I. Distortion of the eyes; squinting. 2. Small
objects seem very large. 3. It seems as though a veil were before the eyes.
4. “Deceptive vision, the flame of the light seems smaller, that of another
larger; though both are of equal size.” 5. Extreme dilatation of the pupils,
which are insensible to the light.
IGNATIA AMARA. I. “Zig-zag and serpentine flickering white light at one
side of the field of vision.” 2. “In the evening on reading, it seems dim before
the eye, as from tears to wipe away, but there are none.” 3. Glaucomatous
neuroses dependent on grief. 4. Emotional eye diseases. 5. “The blue veins
in the upper lid are often a good guide.”
KALI BICHROMICUM. I. “Ulcers and pustules on the cornea, with sur-
rounding indolent inflammation.” 2. The corneal troubles are dormant, pre-
senting little or no redness or photophobia. 3. Secretions are of a stringy char-
acter. 4. Inflammations, with yellow discharge and morning agglutination.
5. Violent shooting pains ſrom the root of the nose along the left orbital arch to
the external angle of the eye.
6. Opacities of the cornea.
KALl JOD. I. Pustules on the conjunctiva. 2. Pustules on the cornea. 3. Clears
up corneal opacities. 4. Syphilitic iritis after the use or abuse of mercury.
5. Paralysis of muscles dependent on syphilis.
6. Obscure troubles of the eye dependent on syphilis. 7. Internal eye in-
flammation consequent on syphilis. 8. Long known as an important remedy in
choroiditis, and acute or chronic irido-choroiditis. 9. “Vision dim and ſoggy.”
LACHESIS. I. “Retinitis apoplectica.” 2. “Hastens absorption of blood into the
retina.” 3. “Much black flickering before the eyes.” 4. Stitches as ſrom
knives in the eye, coming from the head. 5. “Inflammations of the eye, with
raging, dull, stitching, tearing, jerking pains in the teeth, extending through the
upper jaw to the ear.”
6. Terrible pains in the eye, with sharp pains in the teeth and upper jaw, the
patient complaining of suffocative feelings. 7. Pains rapidly change from the
eye to other parts of the body and back again. 8. Scroſulous keratitis, worse
in the morning and aſter sleeping. 9. Eye complaints worse aſter sleeping.
LILIUM TIG. I. Weakness of ciliary muscle. 2. “Weak vision due to anom-
alous accommodation and refraction.” 3. Increase of hypermetropia.
4. “Asthenopia due to ametropia.”
I 44336
Dr. C. H. VILAS’
EYE NOTES.
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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
- C. H. VILAS, M.D.,

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
LY COPODIUM. I. Arrests cataract due to dyspeptic troubles. 2. Of great
value in eye troubles due to faulty digestion, such as styes, etc. 3. Optic nerve
troubles are relieved. 4. Highly recommended for night blindness.
MACROT IN. I. Highly recommended in hyperaesthesia of the retina.
MAC NESIA CARB. I. Recommended for the removal of cataract.
MERCURIUS PERCIP. RUBER. I. “Cornea superficially ulcerated with
bright red vessels.” 2. Bright red swellings of the conjunctiva, with granula-
tions. 3. Intense pannus with redness, photophobia and thick discharge.
4. “Eyes burn and are inflamed.” -
MERCURIUS SOL. I. Long known as a remedy for iritis. 2. “Sharp acrid
discharges, making the cheek sore.” 3. Symptoms all aggravated from looking
into a fire. 4. Worse at night, and by artificial light. 5. Eye diseases depend-
ent on hereditary syphilis.
6. Eye diseases caused by working over the fire, accompanied by hereditary
taints. 7. “Thin acrid discharges,” and “worse at night” are characteristics.
8. ºriations of the nostrils, night sweats, etc., frequently accompany eye
trollbleS.
MERCURIUS COR. I. Long known as a great absorbent. 2. Serous exuda-
tions are absorbed. 3. Diseases of the uveal tract are well met. 4. Often works
when other preparations of mercury will not. 5. Particularly valuable in syph-
ilitic troubles.
6. Has characteristics of merc. Sol. 7. “Retinitis albuminurica.” 8. “Ker-
ato-iritis.” 9. “Blepharitis, with swollen lids, red, excoriated by acrid lachry-
mation.” Io. Iritis, especially when dependent on syphilis.
II. Eye complaints associated with enlarged glands.
MERCURIUS PROT. 1. Diphtheritic conjunctivitis. 2. Eye-complaints ac-
companied by a thick, yellow coating at the base of the tongue.
NAT RU M M URIATICUM. I. Useful after the abuse of caustics. 2. “ Mus-
cular asthenopia, with drawing stiff sensation in the muscles of the eyes upon
moving them.” 3. “Entropion from abuse of caustics.” 4. Itching of the
inner canthus. 5. Irritability of the margins of the lids, with redness.
6. Catarrhal affections of the lids.
NITRIC ACID. I. Especially useful after the abuse of mercury. 2. Diseases
of the eye due to syphilis. 3. “Scrofulous ophthalmia.” 4. “Gonorrhoeal
ophthalmia.” 5. “Eyelids swollen, hard and livid, with a copious yellow dis-
charge running down the cheeks.”
NUX VOMICA. I. Atrophy of the optic nerve. 2. “Blurring of sight from
over-heating.” 3. “Useful where patient has been much drugged previous to
eye attacks.” 4. Often indicated from over-drugging in old-school practice.
5. Eye troubles, especially amblyopia, caused by the abuse of stimulants.
6. Ciliary blepharitis, with morning aggravation. 7. Nervous irritations.
8. Specially adapted to the colored race. 9. Retinal hyperaesthesia.
PHOSPHORUS. I. Amaurosis, paralysis or paresis of muscles due to sexual
excesses. 2. Dimness of vision due to sexual weakness. 3. Muscular asthen-
opia. 4. Diseases of retina and choroid. 5. “Photopsias and chromopsias of
various forms and colors.”
PHYSOSTIC MA VEN ENOSUM. I. Twitching of the lids. 2. “Irritation
of the ſundus of the eye due to myopia.” 3. Irritation of the fundus of the
eye due to posterior staphyloma. 4. Spasm of the accommodation.
PRUN US SPINOSA. I. Ciliary neuralgia, pains not well marked. 2. Sharp
piercing pains, sometimes commencing behind the ears, and shooting forward
toward the eye. 3. Pain as if the ball were wrenched or crushed. 4. Arrests
deep-seated inflammation of sclera and choroid.
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Dr. C. H. VILAS’
EYE NOTES.
Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
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PULSATILLA. I. In its selection bear in mind the general characteristics, “mild,
tearful,” etc. 2. Tarsal tumors. 3. Mucocele. 4. Inflammation of the mei-
bomian and sel)aceous glands. 5. Styes on the lids.
6. Aborts styes when forming. 7. Specially adapted to inflammations of lach-
rymal sac. 8. Discharges are generally profuse and bland. 9. Inflammation
of cornea and conjunctiva, particularly superficial, when found on characteristic
patient. IO. Eye diseases due to disordered digestion.
II. “Eye-complaints consequent on faulty menstruation.” I2. “Conjunc-
tivitis conse luent on suppressed gomorrhoea.” I 3. Eye diseases better in the
Open air.
RHUS TOX. I. Orbital cellulitis. 2. Great swelling of the lids, closing the
eye. 3. Paralysis due to getting the feet wet, cold, etc. 4. Erysipelas of the
lids. 5. “Lids swollen, tightly closed, and looking as though varnished.”
6. Pains worse at night and relieved by warm applications. 7. “Suppurative
inflammation of the uveal tract after cataract extraction.” 8. Ulcers and pus-
tules of the cornea, accompanied by characteristic eruption on the face.
9. Eye diseases resulting from exposure to cold, wet, etc. IO. Especially
indicated in rheumatic subjects.
II. “Lids red, swollem, hot and Oedematous, tears gushing out on opening
them.” I2. Enlargement of meibomian glands, with falling out of the cilia.
RUTA CRAV. I. Highly recommended for asthenopia not due to anomalous
refraction and accommodation. 2. “Blurring of vision, letters seem to run to-
gether.” 3. Aching in and over the eyes; eyes feel like balls of fire. 4. “Am-
blyopia due to unknown causes.”
SECAL.E. 1. “Paralysis of the ciliary muscle.” 2. “Paresis of the ciliary mus-
cle.” 3. “Asthenopia due to weakness of the ciliary muscle.”
SENECA. I. “Promotes absorption of lens fragments after cataract operations.”
2. Catarrhal conjunctivitis. 3. Weakness of the muscles.
SEPIA. I. Eye troubles dependent on uterine complaints. 2. Aggravation of
symptoms in the morning and evening; better in the middle of the day. 3. Eye
troubles associated with uterine diseases. 4. Hepatic troubles sometimes asso-
ciated with eye complaints.
SILICEA. I. Especially indicated in diseases which linger with seemingly no
reason. 2. Promotes tendency to absorption. 3. Especially indicated in mu-
cocele. 4. “Sensation of a splinter in the eye.” 5. Especially indicated in
inflammation of the lachrymal sac.
6. Dry scurſ clings to the cilia. 7. “Small round ulcers which have a ten-
dency to perſorate.” 8. Indolent, quiet ulcers with no marked symptoms.
9. Ulcers which the patient has not noticed; no troublesome symptoms apparent.
IO. Valuable in removing superficial opacities from the cornea.
SPICELIA. I. Ciliary neuralgia. 2. Ciliary neuralgia, particularly when the pains
seem to start from the centre of the ball, radiate in different directions, with
aggravation about 2 A. M. 3. “Constant sticking pain in the ball.” 4. Pains
sharp and sticking, as with a poniard. 5. “Umendurable pressive pain in the
ball.”
6. Pains of rheumatic and arthritic eye complaints. 7. Falling of the
upper eye-lid. 8. Intolerable pain in the superculiary ridge. 9. Severe, press-
ing, jerking pains in the eye. IO. “When moving the muscles of the ſace, sen-
sation as iſ the skull would burst.”
SPONCIA. 1. “Exophthalmic goitre.”
STAPHYSACRIA. I. Styes on the lids. 2. Tumors of the lids. 3. “Bursting
pain in the eye-ball, temple and side of face, worse from evening to morning
and upon using the eyes.” 4. “Pains due to syphilis.”
Dr. C. H. VILAS’


EYE NOTES.

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Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1878, by
C. H. VILAS, M.D.,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
STRY CHNIA. I. Atrophy of the optic nerve. 2. Twitchings of the lids.
3. Twitchings of the ball. 4. Spasms of the muscles. 5. Paralysis of external
reCtuS.
6. Dilatation of the pupil from spinal irritation.
SULPHUR. I. Pustular Keratitis. 2. Pustular conjunctivitis. 3 Troubles due
to scrofula or blood-taint. 4. Pains are like pins sticking in the eye. 5. “Pains
like a glass splinter in the eye.”
6. Eye complaints from suppressed eruptions. 7. Ulcers and abscesses of the
cornea. 8. Pterygium. 9. “Child dislikes to have its eyes washed or bathed.”
IO. Chronic cases complicated with other troubles.
II. Hereditary complaints. I2. Synechiae may yield under its use. I 3. “Tears
which feel greasy are secreted.” I4. “Gaslights seen are surrounded by a
halo.”
THUJA OCCID. I. “Warts on the lids.” 2. Condylomatous excrescences.
3. Tarsal tumors. 4. “Cures obstinate styes, when other remedies have failed.”
5. “Episcleritis.”
6. Especially indicated in syphilitic iritis. 7. Syphilitic condylomata.
ZINCUM MET. 1. “Pterygium, with great pressure across the root of the
nose.” 2. “Syphilitic iritis, with dull pain in the brows.”
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