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PICTURESQUE GARDEN PLANS,
PICTURESQUE GARDEN PLANS,
A P R A CT I C A L G UID E
TO THE
\
LAYING-OUT, ORNAMENTATION, AND ARRANGEMENT
OF
VIIIA GARINS TOWN SOLARES & OPEN SPACES
FROM A QUARTER OF AN ACRE TO FOUR ACRES.
FOR THE USE OF PRACTICAL GARDENERS, ARCHITECTS,
BUILDERS, AND AMATEURS.
º v'
BY RN. SIE BEC K,
SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC GARDENS, VIENNA.
ADAPTED TO ENGLISH GARDENS, ETC.
BY JOSEPH NEWTON, F.R.H.S.
With 24 Coloured Plates.
L O N DO N :
R O B E R T H A R D WIC KE, 192, PIC CAD IL LY.
1864.
i§
P R E FA C E.
UT little apology is required for introducing this work to an
English public. It has been done in the hope that the various
plans which it contains may be the means of improving, not only
the villa residences of our wealthy citizens and others, but also
our public squares and town inclosures. With slight alterations,
some of which have been pointed out, they will be found good
guides for amateurs, architects, builders, nurserymen, parochial
authorities, and others, in laying out public spaces, the alteration
or remodelling of which has been committed to their care.
In order to make new gardens and pleasure-grounds, the land-
scape gardener is expected to carry out the fashion of the country
in which he resides ; nevertheless, innovation, if in the right
direction, may sometimes be introduced with advantage. The
following twenty-four coloured plans are, however, quite in the
English style, and therefore all of them are well calculated for
our adoption. The credit of the designs belongs to Dr. Siebeck,
who has applied them to the improvement of villa gardens of
from a quarter of an acre to four acres in extent in the suburbs
of Vienna.
The descriptions accompanying them have since that time been
translated from German into French, in order that the plans might
be understood and prove a serviceable guide in the improvement
of gardens in the neighbourhood of Paris. Let us trust, therefore,
that their reproduction in this country may be attended with
advantages equal to those which have followed their publication
on the Continent. Our London squares are much in Want of
improvement, and the open spaces of towns generally might be
ii PREFACE.
much enhanced in value by means of a little inexpensive
Ornamentation.
The disposition of the walks in all the plans now under notice is
graceful, and the general arrangement symmetrical. Therefore,
by means of judicious planting and a proper selection of trees, not
only well varied in form, but also in colour of foliage, a steady
course of improvement will doubtless manifest itself. Diversity
in the form of the groundwork, too, as, for instance, the formation
of knoll and hollow, must also receive attention. Prettily designed
beds, gay flowers, well-placed vistas, bowers, rustic summer-houses,
and horticultural structures, may also be all so disposed, according
to the character of the situation, as to improve the general effect,
which will moreover be heightened by the introduction of a choice
selection of flowering shrubs. Trees of noble stature, judiciously
placed, likewise greatly tend to improve a landscape; therefore
when aged examples of this description even come in the way of
contemplated improvements, they should not be cut down, without
much consideration.
Strictly geometrical gardens have their attractions, but a more
natural style of laying out is that which our author has adopted.
The positions of trees upon the different plans, it will be observed,
are indicated by figures; but the particular kind of tree mentioned
need not necessarily be planted there; on the contrary, other
varieties of both trees and shrubs may often be substituted for
those referred to, with advantage: in short, matters of detail have
been purposely left very much to the taste and means of the
planter, who must, however, take care to preserve the proper
proportions of his picture, as well as the different tints of colouring,
which by art have been given to its various component parts.
In the formation of all new gardens or pleasure-grounds one of
the most important points is to take care to secure thorough
drainage; after that the ground must all be deeply trenched, even that
on which the walks are to be laid out. This is necessary in order
that roots may have fair play, and that no impediment may be
offered to their full development. In making a new garden, if
TREFACE. iii
done well, the first cost is, in short, the cheapest; if not done well
at first, it cannot be done afterwards,--at least as far as the
preparation of ground for planting is concerned. As Mr. Siebeck justly
observes, “let no one imagine that the plantation of an estate, even
on a small scale, is an easy matter, especially when it is desired to
produce a picturesque effect: it is an art, and a complicated one,
into which it is prudent not to venture without having previously
consulted the experience of those who have made it their careful
study. The materials to be dealt with are so numerous, and their
combinations so various, as to require great skill in their application
to ornamentation.”
The difficulty in attaining the aim in view arises chiefly from
the variety of plants or flowers from which a choice is to be made.
Some are tall and slender, others low and bushy;. some are dark
green, others of a softer hue and more vivid; some are perennial,
others assume lovely autumnal colours. The choice, therefore, is
complicated and embarrassing. In fact, the palette from which the
artist has to form his picture is one loaded with materials most
useful, but infinitely varied and perplexing in their application.
This simple enumeration, brief as it is, will suffice to make the
reader understand how necessary it is, in order to surnount such
difficulties, to follow the advice of an experienced guide. To proceed
alone would be, for the generality of amateurs, to grope at a great
expense in an uncertain direction ending in disappointment. The
following plans, let us trust, may therefore help to obviate such
troublesome trials. We do not say, copy them in their entirety;
on the contrary, let them be modified to suit the circumstances to
which they have to be applied. They will doubtless be found to
furnish materials in the majority of cases for producing picturesque
effect, even under the most varied conditions which may enter into
the composition of Ornamental Grounds.
P L A N I.
A.
HIS represents one of those pretty suburban villas of which so
many exist in the neighbourhood of all large towns, and to
which wealthy citizens repair after business is over. It will be
seen that the grounds, though of limited extent, are arranged with
considerable taste. The outline of the walks is sweeping and
graceful, and the disposition of the clumps and specimen plants
all that could be desired. From the residence, looking backwards,
is a considerable breadth of green lawn, bordered on all sides by
shrubberies consisting of the usual materials of which such boundary
belts are composed : the taller growing trees being placed on the
outside to furnish shelter to the prominent points of more choice
shrubs in front. The figure b in the left-hand corner is a summer-
house, or, it might be a green-house; and it is so situated, that a
large extent of open lawn can be seen from it, more especially the
best view of the house.
The circle c on the right-hand corner offers a convenient site
for a little flower-garden with beds on gravel, a rosery or rock-work
for hardy Ferns, surrounding a small fish-pond with a fountain in
the centre; e, g, h, are flower-beds, of which more perhaps might
be added; but that and other matters of tasteful detail may safely
be left to the care of the proprietor. It may be observed in
reference to the oval grass plot at the entrance, that a single
standard tree occupies the centre, and that on both sides are beds
for flowers—an arrangement, in cases where the house is so near
the road, which might be improved by introducing Rhododendrons or
other evergreen shrubs as a screen for the front door from the
outside.
f is a seat overhung with shrubs, and others in more open places
are distinguished by j, l, k. With respect to plants placed singly on
the lawn and elsewhere, No. 1 may be Cupressus macrocarpa, an
upright perfectly hardy Conifer, i.e. provided the evergreen clump
recommended above be not adopted; 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, may be standard
Roses, such as General Jacqueminot, Jules Margottin, Queen, Madame
Widot, or others; 7, Red-blossomed Crataegus; 8, Laurustinus, or
Viburnum Opulus; 9, Robinia hispida; 10, Pinus insignis; 11, Pinus
Cembra; 12, Abies canadensis; 13, Elaeagnus argentea, or White-
flowered Crataegus; 14, Platanus occidentalis; 15, Picea pectinata;
16, Magnolia purpurea; 17, Hibiscus syriacus; 18, Acer striatum;
B
PICTURESQUE GARDEN PLANS.
19, Picea balsamea ; 20, Abies Menziesii; 21, Gleditschia inermis;
22, Picea balsamea ; 23, Laurustinus, or a standard Rose; 24, Arau-
caria imbricata. For the sake of contrast some of the more recently
introduced Cupressus might be planted here and there, likewise
Copper Beech and spring-flowering shrubs of different kinds.
The three corresponding clumps of shrubs on the left-hand side
should be Rhododendrons, and the ground may be made so as to form
knolls and recesses, in order to produce effect, giving light and
shadow to the back-ground.
To finish the picture and to furnish variety, shrubs of different
colours and possessing variously formed foliage should be planted
wherever their introduction might be considered advantageous. In
short, the whole is a question of expense, both as to planting and
ground work.
B.
N some respects this plan is similar to No. I. A., but it affords more
retirement from public view than that just alluded to. The
garden front furnishes a good site for flower-beds on gravel, such as
those indicated by the numbers affixed to them, or other plans might
be adopted according to taste. -
The circle b is like c in Plan A, and might be treated in a similar
manner; c, d, g, h, k, are seats of which the first, c, is the most
important, as it is well shaded on three sides, and the front being
open, a pretty view of the pleasure-ground and parterre can be
obtained from it; f, g, i, are large flower-beds, in which all sorts of
spring, Summer, and autumn flowers may be grown.
No. 1, 4, may be Betula alba pendula; 2, 3, Robinia hispida, or
they might be two Portugal Laurels in tubs, to imitate Orange trees,
resting on the two small circular plots of grass; 5, might be omitted;
6 to 12, Beds on gravel; 13 to 17, Standard Roses, two half-standards
in front, and three high ones at the back; 18, Liriodendron tuli-
pifera; 19, Picea pectinata or nobilis; 20, Æsculus macrostachya;
21, Standard Rose; 22, Ailantus glandulosa; 23, Cupressus Law-
soniana; 24, AEsculus rubicunda; 25, Magnolia tripetala; 26, 27,
Standard Roses; 28, White-blossomed Crataegus; 29, Cupressus
Goveniana, or Syringa Emodi; 31, Viburnum Opulus, or Laurustinus.
These two plans, slightly altered, are well adapted for town squares,
in which a good broad margin of grass should be brought up close
to the inside fence, instead of the ordinary way of planting with
shrubs; such an arrangement would produce a good effect both
inside and out.
PLAN II.
HIS plan is somewhat larger than either of the preceding ones;
therefore more scope is afforded for variety. It will be observed
that the house in this instance stands nearly close to the roadway,
and that the lawn is richly decorated with numerous ornamental
trees and shrubs, through which walks are gracefully led, and from
which great numbers of interesting objects are skilfully brought
into view.
Conspicuous from the residence, looking over the lawn, is a summer-
house, 0, which might also, from its position, be either some
horticultural structure or an aviary.
c, in the right-hand corner of the plan, might be a rockery or
rootery for Ferns or other shade-loving plants of that description.
d, e, f, g, are flower-beds.
ſis a seat from which the rockwork, c, is visible. j, k, l, are also
seats shaded by shrubs and trees.
Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, are Standard Roses; 6, AEsculus rubicunda;
7, Standard Rose ; 8, Araucaria imbricata; 9, Quercus coccinea;
10, Catalpa syringaefolia; 11, Betula alba pendula; 12, 13, 14, 15,
Picea pectinata; 16, Pinus insignis; 17, 18, Abies canadensis; 19,
Pinus Cembra; 20, Scarlet Crataegus; 21, 22, 23, Cedrus Deodara;
24, 25, 26, 27, Abies excelsa, or group of Pinus insignis; 28, 29, 30,
Pinus Cembra; 31, 32, 33, Picea pectinata; 34, Pavia flava;
35, Abies Douglasii; 36, Crataegus alba; 37, 38, 39, Betula alba
pendula; 40, Picea Pinsapo ; 41, Acer Negundo variegata; 42, Picea
pectinata; 43, Abies canadensis; 44, 45, Abies Menziesii; 46, 47,
Pinus Laricio; 48, Pinus Sabiniana; 49, omit; 50, Pinus Lindleyana;
51, Cytisus purpureus; 52, Robinia hispida; 53, Magnolia purpurea.
In reference to this plan it will be seen that the group of Fir-trees
numbering from 42 to 47 might be a mass of Rhododendrons or other
evergreens; in short, for any of the trees indicated others may be
substituted, according to the convenience or taste of the planter.
PLAN III.
HIS, it will be admitted, is an extremely pretty design for a
small suburban villa residence. The position of the house,
walks, and clumps is excellent; and from many different parts of
the garden beautiful views can be obtained. What should not
be introduced, is the group of Fir-trees, 43, 44, 45; they will
grow too large for the place. If removed, or if, instead of planting
them, the grass lawn were brought nearer to the end of the house, in
order that it might correspond more than it does with the opposite
side, and if the single trees 18, 19, and 36 were also omitted, the
place would not only look larger, but better than it does at present,
and room would be found for a larger and better flower-garden on
gravel than that which now exists there; the beds, too, might be edged
with box or stone, which would contrast favourably with those in the
front, marked No. 1 to 11. To make this plan still more unique, the
trees 47, 48, 49 might be omitted, and a clump of Rhododendrons
planted to match that on the other side, near the left-hand corner of
the house; alterations of this description, however, may in general be
safely left in the hands of the planter. b is a shady arbour covered
with creeping plants; c, another summer-house; d, e, f, g, h, i, are
seats commanding particular views, or well shaded by trees; k, l, m,
flower-beds, which must be kept gay with summer, autumn, and
spring flowers.
No. 12, Red-flowered Crataegus; 13, Quercus fastigiata, or
Cupressus macrocarpa ; 14, Fraxinus striata, or Liriodendron tulip-
ifera; 15, 17, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 28, 31, 32,47, 48, Standard Roses, or
twelve other standards, small-growing, round-headed flowering trees;
16, Sophora japonica; 30, Fagus purpurea; 33, Abies canadensis;
34, Rhus Cotinus; 35, Catalpa syringaefolia; 36, omit; 46, Robinia
hispida; 48, Platanus occidentalis; 50, White-blossomed Crataegus ;
51, Araucaria imbricata.
PLAN IV.
N this plan the house is placed within the grounds, the arrange-
ment of which is good except a carriage-way is required, and in
that case the plan would be improved by having a gate for entrance
and another for departure, connected together by a semicircular
roadway in front. A characteristic feature of this plan is its thin
planting and comparatively large breadth of lawn seen from the
house, as well as from the conspicuous stations b and c.
d is a Rosery or little flower-garden. e,f, g, are also a small flower-
garden. h, ś, k, l, m, are seats. The ground being naturally flat,
groups of Conifers have been employed for the sake of effect, which
would be heightened by the skilful introduction of different tints of
colour into the masses of shrubs over the lawn.
No. 1 is Quercus Suber; 2, Catalpa syringaefolia; 3, 4, 5, Populus
italica, or Cupressus macrocarpa ; 6, Robinia hispida; 7, Abies cana-
densis; 8, Sophora japonica; 9, Scarlet Crataegus ; 10, Laurustinus;
11, Syringa persica; 12, Populus italica; 13, 14, 15, 16, Abies
canadensis; 17, Pavia flava; 18, White-blossomed Crataegus; 19, Rhus
glabra; 20, Crataegus coccinea; Abies Douglasii; 22, Picea pectinata;
23, Abies canadensis; 24, Abies excelsa ; 25, Picea balsamea ; 26,
Abies canadensis; 27, 28, 29, 30, Picea pectinata; 31, Abies
canadensis; 32, Mespilus germanica; 33, Pinus insignis; 34, P.
Cembra; 35, P. insignis; 36, Abies nobilis; 37, Ailantus glandu-
losa; 38, Cerasus semperflorens; 39, AEsculus rubicunda; 40, Mag-
nolia glauca; 41, Clethra paniculata; 42, 43, Cedrus Deodara; 44,
Quercus coccinea; 45, Betula alba pendula.
PLAN V.
HE house in this plan is close to the public road, and is situated
upon a terrace, 4 ft. 6 in. above the garden level; it is
decorated with creepers, and is provided with a verandah, from which
a view of the summer-house b, at the extremity of the grounds, is
obtained, the lawn being planted comparatively thinly for that
purpose. On the garden-front is space for a small flower-garden, on
gravel, below the terrace bank, m.
c, at the left-hand corner, is a rockery and Fernery, retired
and shady. -
d, e, f, g, h, are seats in both open and shady situations. j, k, l,
are beds for flowers, as are also n, o, p.
The terrace on which the house stands is bounded by the crescent-
shaped figure m, which represents a border for flowers, at the base
of a dwarf-wall furnished with wirework, on which creepers are
trained; the approaches to the terrace being by means of sloping
pathways at each end.
No. 1 is Viburnum opulus; 2, Red-flowered Crataegus; 3, Laurus-
tinus; 4, 5, and 36 being upon gravel, and not placed according to
English taste, may be omitted; 6, Sophora japonica; 7, Pinus
Pinsapo ; 8, 10, 12, 13, Standard Portugal Laurels, in tubs, movable
at pleasure, or Standard Roses planted out ; 9, Liquidambar; 11,
Liriodendron tulipifera; 14, Cedrus Deodara; 15, Laurustinus; 16,
AEsculus rubicunda; 17, Acer striatum; 18, 19, 20, Picea pectinata;
21, Cytisus purpurea; 22, Catalpa syringaefolia; 23, Fagus pur-
purea; 24, variegated variety of Taxus baccata; 26, AEsculus rubi-
cunda; 27, Quercus Prinus; 28, Euonymus latifolius; 29, Abies
Douglasii; 30, Catalpa syringaefolia; 31, Hippophae rhamnoides; 32,
Ailantus glandulosa; 33, Rhus Cotinus; 34, Ilex latifolia; 35, some
other species of Ilex; 36, Liriodendron tulipifera; 37, Pavia flava;
38, Pinus halepensis; 39, Pinus Banksiana.
PLAN WI.
HIS plan furnishes an illustration of a gentleman’s seat in
a somewhat open part of the country, and therefore trees
and shrubs have been pretty freely planted, for the sake both
of shelter and shade. The design is pretty—the walks being
graceful, and the arrangement as regards planting for the most
part judicious.
The house in this instance stands in the grounds, somewhat
screened from public view by the semicircle in front, round which
the carriage-drive passes; b is an arbour situated at the farther
end of the grounds.
c, an open space, might be converted into a pretty flower-garden
on gravel, surrounded by a natural Fernery.
d and e are flower-beds on grass; f, g, h, i, k, l, m, are seats.
No. 1 is Catalpa; 2, AEsculus rubicunda; 3, Araucaria imbricata;
4, 5, 6, 8, Standard Roses; 7, Abies Menziesii; 9, Robinia hispida;
10, Liriodendron tulipifera; 11, Tilia europaea; 12, Pinus Cembra;
13, Pavia flava; 14, Catalpa syringaefolia; 15, Ailantus glandulosa;
16, Platanus occidentalis; 17, Wellingtonia ; 18, Elaeagnus angusti-
folia; 19, Acer striatum; 20, Æsculus rubicunda; 21, Ulmus
americana alba ; 22, Gleditschia sinensis; 23, Abies canadensis;
24, Fagus purpurea; 35, Picea pectinata; 26, Hippophae rhamnoides;
27, 28, Cedrus Deodara; 29, Pinus insignis; 30, Cedrus Deodara;
31, Cedrus Libani; 32, Quercus coccinea; 33, Standard Rose ;
34, Fagus purpurea; 35, Platanus orientalis; 36, Picea pectinata;
37, Magnolia purpurea; 38, Rhus pumila; 38, Abies canadensis;
40, White-blossomed Crataegus; 41, Scarlet Crataegus; 42, Sophora
japonica; 43, Pinus Cembra; 46, Magnolia glauca; 47, Picea
pectinata; 48, Abies alba; 49, Fraxinus lentiscifolia.
PLAN VII.
HE central portions of this plan are more thinly planted
than in the last, and it is also susceptible of further
decoration. The site for the house is so arranged that it can accommo-
date a much larger building than that in the preceding plan, and in
this case the Italian style of architecture is expected to be adopted.
It is intended to stand upon a terrace, and to have two geometrical
flower-gardens, one in the back and another in the front; in order to
obtain views of the country beyond the limits of the grounds, through
the boundary here and there must be formed vistas, and yet the
internal privacy of the place must not be overlooked. It will be seen,
indeed, that the whole plan affords scope for increased ornamentation.
In the centre of the first flower-garden, which is seen from the
entrance, is a fountain surrounded by flower-beds, 2, 3, 4, 5. At the
ends coloured green on the plan are scollops of grass, which might
also be flower-beds, and the whole might be edged with grass or a
broad edging of Box or stone. The same plan might also be followed
in the flower-garden on the other side of the house, marked 8, 9, 10,
11, 12; the scollops of grass there might also be converted into
flower-beds.
The specimen trees, 13, 14, 48, 49, and 55, being of large growth,
are not well suited for planting so close to residences in this country,
our atmosphere not being so warm and dry as on the Continent, and
less shade being required; we would therefore recommend more
ornamental and smaller growing trees, such as Cupressus, &c., to be
substituted for them, or they might be removed altogether: in the
latter case, if the lawn were brought a little nearer to the house,
both on the right and left side, it would be an improvement, except
some other style of geometrical garden were adapted to the space
which upon the plan is now open gravel. b is a summer-house
covered with Roses and other creeping plants, the sides being formed
of rustic-work.
c is also a summer-house or horticultural structure.
d affords a shady resting-place, well adapted for rock-work, Ferns,
and other small hardy plants. e is a temple containing a statue of
Elora, and, if the planting near it be skilfully performed, a very
pretty effect may be produced, especially if rare and beautiful shrubs,
both evergreen and flowering, be employed.
PICTURESQUE GARDEN PLANS.
j, g, f, h, l, m, n, o, are seats. k and i are beds for flowers.
As regards trees on the lawn, 1 is Catalpa syringaefolia; 6, Lirio-
dendron tulipifera; 7, Robinia hispida; 13, Sophora japonica; 14,
Ailantus glandulosa; 15, AEsculus rubicunda; 16, Magnolia tri-
petala; 17, Quercus fastigiata; 18, Pavia flava; 19, Scarlet Crataegus;
20, Quercus coccinea; 21, Picea pectinata; 22, 23, 24, Syringa
persica; 25, 26, 27, 28, Tilia europaea; 29, Acer laciniatum ; 30,
Ulmus americana; 31, Robinia hispida; 32, Gymnocladus canadensis;
33, Catalpa syringaefolia; 34, Sorbus hybrida; 35, Gleditschia
triacanthos; 36, Abies canadensis; 37, Picea balsamea ; 38, Abies
alba; 39, 40, 41, Picea balsamea ; 42, Abies canadensis; 43, Acer
pseudoplatanus fol. variegatum; 44, Picea balsamea ; 45,46, Viburnum
opulus; 47, Pyrus japonica; pass 48, 49, and 55; 50, 51, Cedrus
Deodara; 52, 53, 54, Standard Roses; 56, Magnolia purpurea; 57,
Rhus Cotinus; 58, Fagus purpurea.
PLAN VIII.
HIS beautiful design has an advantage over its predecessors,
inasmuch as it illustrates the charming effect of a river
frontage. Such situations, when they can be secured, afford excel-
lent opportunities for the display of the taste and skill of the garden
architect; and where the ground slopes, as it generally does, from the
house to the river, the latter may be made to play an important part
in the design, which, when judiciously adapted to such circumstances,
is always lively and pleasing. Drainage and land in the proximity
of rivers are generally good, and the pleasure obtainable from boating
and fishing increases the desirability of selecting residences and
forming gardens on their banks.
The planting on the plan now under notice, it will be seen, is quite
in accordance with English taste, with the exception, perhaps, of the
tree No. 41, which should be removed.
From the house, a, a considerable portion of the garden comes into
view, openings in the lawn being left for that purpose.
b, a side entrance, might be converted into a summer-house, or
even a glass erection, if that were preferred.
c is an arbour of a circular form, with a cupola to admit light,
its interior being intended to be adorned with works of art.
d, a group in marble, represents Cupid and Psyche; e is a crescent-
shaped stone seat, shaded by trees and commanding a view of the
river; f, g, h, ś, are beds for flowers; k, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, are seats.
As regards the planting, 1 represents Abies canadensis; 2, Fagus
sanguinea; 3, Syringa persica; 4, 5, Picea pectinata ; 6, Abies alba;
7, 8, Picea balsamea ; 9, Cytisus purpureus; 10, 11, Quercus fastigiata;
12, Fraxinus ornus; 13, Viburnum opulus; 14, Ailantus glandulosa;
15, Catalpa Syringaefolia; 16, Scarlet-flowered Crataegus; 17, Populus
canescens; 18, Halesia tetraptera; 19, Picea pectinata; 21, Robinia
hispida; 22, Picea Pinsapo ; 23, Abies Douglasii; 24, Abies nigra;
25, Broussonetia papyrifera; 26, Magnolia purpurea; 27, Catalpa
syringaefolia; 28, Sophora japonica; 29, Liriodendron tulipifera;
30, Æsculus rubicunda; 31, Araucaria imbricata; 32, Scarlet-
flowered Crataegus ; 33, 34, Cedrus Deodara; 35, Acer Negundo;
36, Chimonanthus virginica; 37, 38, Cedrus Deodara; 39, Acer stria-
tum; 40, Andromeda arborea; 42, Amygdalus pumila flore pleno;
43, Robinia hispida.
PLAN IX.
HIS, like Plan VII., has two flower-gardens, but it will be observed
that in this case the house is different in style and smaller than
that just alluded to. The front entrance might, perhaps, beinproved by
the introduction of a glass-covered way, the sides of which might be
trellis-work supporting Roses and other flowering plants, which should
also cover the verandah over the front door. By this arrangement
comfortable walking during all kinds of weather would be afforded
between the road and the house, but its adoption would displace the
flower-garden and beds numbering from 1 to 13. Among other
alterations might also be the removal of the two large trees, 30 and 71,
which are too close to the house. The plan thus slightly altered is
well adapted for a villa residence, standing in its own grounds, out
of the way of noise and dust.
b, a summer-house covered with Creepers, will be found in summer
to be a pleasant, shady retreat.
c is a large arbour, or it might be a glass structure for plants,
which, if well selected and changed occasionally, would produce a
pretty effect. r
d is a circular summer-house or covered seat, from which the greater
part of the garden is visible.
e is a flower-bed.
j, g, h, ś, k, l, m, n, o, p, are seats.
The flower-garden arrangement, numbering from 16 to 20, might
be similar to that in Plan VII.
No. 21 is intended to be Robinia hispida; 22, 23, White-flowering
Crataegus; 24, 25, 26, Red-flowering Crataegus; 27, Fraxinus ornus;
28, White Crataegus; 29, AEsculus rubicunda; 31, Picea Pinsapo;
32, Catalpa syringaefolia; 33, Acer Negundo variegata; 34, 35, Quercus
fastigiata; 36, Broussonetia papyrifera; 37, Acer striatum ; 38,
Platanus occidentalis; 39, Picea nobilis; 40, Abies Menziesii; 41,
Quercus coccinea; 42, Weigela rosea; 43, Caragana arborescens; 44,
Robinia hispida; 45, Catalpa syringaefolia; 46, Gleditschia arborescens;
47, Magnolia purpurea; 48, Fagus sanguinea; 49, Wellingtonia
gigantea; 50, Caragana frutescens; 51, Halesia parviflora; 52, Pinus
Cembra; 53, Pinus insignis; 54, Diospyros Lotus; 55, Gymnocladus
canadensis; 56, Pavia flava; 57, Ailantus glandulosa; 58, Catalpa
syringaefolia; 59, Sophora japonica; 60, Halesia tetraptera; 61, 62,
Fagus sylvatica; 63, Populus italica; 64, 65, Fagus sylvatica; 66,
F. Sanguinea; 67, 68, F. sylvatica; 69, Elaeagnus angustifolia; 70,
Magnolia purpurea; 72, Crataegus Pyracantha; 73, Ulmus alba;
74, Platanus orientalis; 75, Cedrus Deodara; 76, Rhus glabra.
PLAN X.
UIETUDE is the distinguishing characteristic of this plan,
which, it will be seen, is full of grace and harmony. The
arrangement of the different groups is symmetrical, and the amount
of light and shadow proportionate to the style and size of the garden,
which is suitable for a villa residence, having in winter a warm and
cheerful aspect, and in summer sufficient shade to be agreeable.
a, the house, which if in the Gothic style would look well in such
a garden, associated as it is with upright-growing, rather than
round-headed, trees.
b is a small summer-house, constructed of wood, painted stone
colour, and furnished with coloured-glass windows.
c is also an arbour, so placed as to afford peaceful retirement.
d, a temple of Minerva, occupies a raised mound with gently-
sloping sides.
e is an open spot, in which might be set a vase full of flowers
Or a statue.
j, g, h, ś, are flower-beds; k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, are seats.
As to trees, No. 1 is Pavia flava; 2, White-flowered Crataegus;
3, Fagus sanguinea; 4, Magnolia purpurea; 5, Robinia hispida;
6, Picea pectinata; 7, Paulownia imperialis; 8, Acer Negundo ;
9, 10, Pinus insignis, Abies Douglasii; 11, Acer striatum; 12, 13,
14, Standard Roses; 15, Catalpa syringaefolia; 16, Platanus occiden-
talis; 17, Crataegus coccinea; 18, Ailantus glandulosa; 19, Picea
mobilis; 20, Diospyros virginiana; 21, Ulmus alba; 22, Ptelea
trifoliata; 23, Araucaria imbricata; 24, Fagus Sanguinea; 25,
Viburnum Opulus; 26, Acer platanoides; 27, Abies canadensis;
28, 29, 30, Populus italica; 31, Abies alba; 32, Gleditschia inermis;
33, Magnolia tripetala; 34, Sophora japonica; 35, Salisburia adian-
tifolia; 36, Abies canadensis; 37, Deutzia scabra; 38, Syringa
persica; 39, AEsculus rubicunda; 40, Syringa persica; 41, Acer
tataricum ; 42, Scarlet-flowered Crataegus.
PLAN XI.
IN this plan we have two good horticultural structures, con-
Veniently situated and adapted for the growth either of fruits or
flowers under glass. Floral gaiety out of doors is also intended
to be kept up to a greater extent than in the plan last described.
This place, therefore, is better adapted for a summer retreat than for
a winter residence. By means of judicious planting, observation from
the public road is well shut out; and from the garden front of
the house a pretty view is obtained over beds of flowers and
knots of grass, which if edged with Box or clipped Yew would,
we think, have an improved effect.
b, b, are two horticultural structures above alluded to.
c is a summer-house overhung with Lime-trees near a side entrance.
d, also an arbour at the bottom entrance to the garden, is from
its situation well protected from the weather, and affords an excellent
view of the house and garden.
e is a flower-bed.
j, g, trellis-work, for training Roses and other flowering Creepers
upon.
ł, u, flower-beds with water and fountain in the centre.
g, flower-bed edged with stone; two vases placed at f g would
have a good effect, or statues would answer the same purpose.
h, i, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, are seats.
No. 1 is White-flowering Crataegus ; 2, Magnolia tripetala; 3, Red-
flowering Crataegus ; 4, Sophora japonica ; 5, Catalpa syringaefolia;
6, Platanus occidentalis; 7, Hibiscus syriacus; 8, Liriodendron tulipi-
fera; 9, Standard Rose; 10, Syringa persica; 11, Robinia hispida;
12, AEsculus rubicunda; 13, Acer tataricum ; 14, Abies canadensis ;
15, Picea pectinata; 16, Gleditschia triacanthos; 17, Broussonetia
papyrifera; 18, Abies alba; 19, Abies Douglasii; 20, Ailantus
glandulosa; 21, Robinia hispida; 22, Fagus purpurea; 23, Catalpa
syringaefolia; 24, Pinus Pinsapo ; 25, Berberis aquifolium; 26, Wel-
lingtonia gigantea; 27, Crataegus Pyracantha; 28, Acer pseudopla-
tanus ; 29, Rhus Cotinus; 30, Acer laciniatum ; 31, Fagus purpurea;
32, 33, 34, Tilia europaea; 35, Fraxinus Ornus; 36, Standard Rose, or
Bay-tree; 37, Araucaria imbricata; 38, Pavia flava; 39, Standard
Laurustinus; 40, Platanus occidentalis; 41, Gymnocladus canadensis;
42, Cercis siliquastrum; 43, Standard Rose; 44, Quercus laurifolia;
45, Standard Rose ; 46, Laurustinus; 47, 48, Standard Roses.
Nos. 6 and 40 should not be planted; two Standard trees in tubs,
Orange, Bay, or Laurustinus, would suit better in this climate.
E
PLA N XII.
HIS plan is pleasing in its general arrangements, and in detail
full of interest. It will be found to have water for aquatics,
rock-work for Ferns, clumps for select hardy shrubs, and facilities for
the formation of an excellent Pinetum. In short, from its position
and style, it is capable of producing infinite variety, and contributing
materials for all kinds of tastes. Should a carriage-road be an
advantage, it could easily be made by removing the three Birch-trees,
3, 4, 5, in order to get an easy turning at the front door.
b is a summer-house, well sheltered, but not shaded ; on the
contrary, light and air have full access to it.
c is a small horticultural structure or summer-house near a side
entrance.
d is a circular building for a summer-house, temple for sculpture,
or aviary, from which a well varied landscape is visible.
j, g, are flower-beds.
h, i, k, l, m, n, 0, p, q, are seats.
No. 1 is Acer striatum ; 2, 3, 4, 5, Betula alba pendula, but a more
pleasing effect will be produced by introducing Cypresses and Juni-
pers; 6, Robinia hispida; 7, Picea Pinsapo; 8, Fagus purpurea;
9, Platanus occidentalis; 10, Acer striatum; 11, Viburnum opulus;
12, White-flowering Crataegus; 13, Catalpa syringaefolia; 14, Gle-
ditschiainermis; 15, Sophora japonica; 16, Syringa persica; 17, Abies
Douglasii; 18, Elaeagnus argentea; 19, Crataegus coccinea; 20, Acer
Negundo ; 21, Caragana frutescens; 22, Abies canadensis; 23, 24, Picea
pectinata; 25, Abies alba; 26, Abies Douglasii; 28, Abies Menziesii;
29, Cryptomeria japonica ; 30, Abies excelsa, Pinus insignis ;
31, Pinus Cembra; 32, 33, Cedrus Deodara; 34, Salix babylonica;
35, Celtis australis; 38, Ailantus glandulosa; 39, Pavia flava;
40, Tilia europaea; 41, Fagus purpurea; 42, Holly; 43, Liriodendron
tulipifera ; 44, Pinus insignis ; 45, Pinus Cembra; 46, Fraxinus
Ornus; 47, Magnolia glauca; 48, 49, 50, Tilia europaea; 51, Betula
alba pendula; 52, Clethra alnifolia; 53, Diospyros Lotus.
PLAN XIII.
HIS plan is well adapted to the extent of ground it is intended
to occupy, and combining, as it does, distinctness of character
with excellent arrangement, it is alike suitable for a private residence
or a public garden. It comprises capabilities for a good entrance,
lodges for servants, and an open view of the public road is obtained
through the slender colonnade.
The house, a, being set back in the grounds, is out of the way of
noise and dust, and at the back a pleasant view is obtained across the
lawn of the beautiful summer-house.
d is a circular arbour.
j, g, h, j, k, l, m, are seats placed under the shade of trees, and
commanding pretty views of the beautiful scenery opposite them.
No. 1, in the centre of the flower-garden, is a statue of Flora;
2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, are beds for flowers; 5, 9, 11, 15,
coloured green, should also be flower-beds, or what the French call
Fleurrons in Box.
Nos. 16, 17, 18, are intended as stations for Liriodendron tulipifera;
19, Picea Pinsapo ; 20, Fraxinus Ornus; 21, Crataegus oxyacantha
alba; 22, 23, Scarlet-flowered Crataegus; 24, Wellingtonia gigantea;
25, Viburnum opulus; 26, Syringa persica, or Laurustinus; 27, Catalpa
syringaefolia; 28, Acer Negundo variegatum; 29, Magnolia tripetala;
30, Robinia hispida; 31, Abies Douglasii; 32, Pavia flava; 33, Fagus
purpurea; 34, Acer striatum; 35, Diospyros Lotus; 36, Quercus
lyrata; 37, AEsculus rubicunda; 38, Diospyros Lotus; 39, Sophora
japonica; 40, Pinus insignis; 41, Pinus Cembra; 42, Robinia hispida;
43, Broussonetia papyrifera; 44, Magnolia cordata; 45, Liriodendron
tulipifera; 46, Cedrus Deodara; 47, Red-blossomed Crataegus; 57,
Ilex latifolia; 58, Ilex curva; 59, Ilex Shepherdii; 60, Ailantus
glandulosa; 61, Quercus coccinea; 62, Catalpa syringaefolia; 63,
Taxus baccata variegata; 64, Platanus occidentalis; 65, Cupressus
macrocarpa ; 66, Cupressus Goveneana; 67, Cupressus Lawsoniana;
68, Gleditschia brachycarpa, or Picea Pinsapo; 69, 70, 71, Lirio-
dendron tulipifera, to match the Tulip-trees on the other side of the
entrance. -
PLAN XIV.
HIS requires little explanation with regard to its contents or
points of interest. By some it may be considered plain in
style, yet there is a harmony about it which is quite captivating.
It possesses a fair proportion of open lawn and several convenient
entrances. If a carriage approach is required, it might easily be pro-
vided for at the entrance gate close to the summer-house, cutting in
two the circular portion of the lawn in that quarter.
b is a shady summer-house, sheltered by tall trees.
c is also a small summer-house, or arbour.
d is a good situation for a gardener's cottage, which might be
entirely shut out from the garden.
e is a circular summer-house, so placed that an excellent view of
the most interesting portions of the garden can be obtained from it.
f, g, h, i, are beds for flowers. -
k, l, m, n, o, p, are seats set under the shade of shrubs.
Nos. 1, 2, are Quercus fastigiata; 3, Platanus orientalis; 4, Picea
Pinsapo; 6, Catalpa syringaefolia; 6, 7, 8, 9, Populus italica; 10, Rhus
pumila; 11, Tilia europaea; 12, Robinia hispida; 13, Laurustinus;
14, Acer pseudoplatanus; 15, White-flowering Crataegus; 16, 17, Cra-
taegus coccinea; 18, Fagus purpurea; 19, Alnus americana ; 20, Abies
Douglasii; 21, Broussonetia papyrifera; 22, Liriodendron tulipifera;
23, Rhus Coriaria; 24, Abies canadensis; 25, Picea pectinata; 26, Mag-
nolia purpurea; 27, 28, Æsculus rubicunda; 29, Acer laciniatum;
30, Fagus purpurea; 31, Quercus coccinea; 32, Pinus Cembra;
33, 34, Abies excelsa ; 35, Rhus Cotinus; 36, Liquidambar sty-
raciflua; 37, Gymnocladus canadensis; 38, Crataegus coccinea;
39, Acer Negundo ; 40, Catalpa syringaefolia; 41, Cedrus Libani;
42, Fagus purpurea; 43, 44, 45, Standard Roses; 47, Araucaria
imbricata.
PLAN XV.
HIS plan is light and pretty in appearance, and there is a cheerful
unity about it which is quite delightful. The position of the house,
a, is agreeable, and the planting in front neatly arranged, both as
regards effect and shelter, as are also the groups of trees, shrubs, and
flower-beds scattered over the lawn. At the points b and c might
be erected two good horticultural structures, such as stoves or con-
servatories, with outward ornaments in keeping with the architecture
of the house.
d is a circular summer-house or temple under the shade of trees;
e, a summer-house, also of a circular shape, should be built upon an
eminence so as to command a view of the whole garden.
j is likewise a large summer-house or arbour; g, h, , k, n, o, are
seats shaded on various sides, in order to render them cool and agree-
able in Summer; l, m, are beds for flowers; No. 1, 2, 3, 4, are also
flower-beds; 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, are beds for
flower-gardens upon gravel; No. 18 is Abies canadensis; 19, Magnolia
purpurea; 20, Fagus purpurea; 21, White-flowering Crataegus; 22, 23,
24, Standard Roses; 25, Liriodendron tulipifera; 26, Standard Rose ;
27, Robinia hispida; 28, Catalpa syringaefolia; 29, Cupressus macro-
carpa ; 30, Cupressus thyoides variegata ; 31, Cupressus Goveniana;
32, omitted ; 33, Scarlet-flowering Crataegus ; 34, Cedrus Deodara ;
35, Crataegus oxyacantha alba; 36, ditto rubra; 37, Acer striatum ;
38, Acer platanoides; 39, Syringa persica; 40, Ailantus glandulosa;
41, Abies Douglasii; 42, AEsculus rubicunda; 43, Crataegus coccinea;
44, AEsculus rubicunda; 45, Pavia flava; 46, Platanus occidentalis;
47, Acer platanoides ; 48, Robinia hispida ; 49, 50, 51, Pyramid
Roses; 52, Fagus purpurea; 53, Amelanchier sanguinea; 54, Ame-
lanchier Botryapium; 55, Sophora japonica; 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, Popu-
lus italica; 61, Amelanchier ovalis; 62, Mespilus canadensis; 63,
Gymnocladus canadensis; 64, Red-flowering Crataegus ; 65, White-
flowering Crataegus ; 66, Picea Pinsapo ; 67, Gleditschia sinensis;
68, Pavia macrostachya ; 69, Sophora japonica; 70, Pavia flava;
71, Robinia viscosa; 72, Fraximus excelsior aurea; 73, Fagus pur-
purea; 74, Cupressus macrocarpa ; 75, omit; 76, Laurustinus;
77, Pinus Cembra.
PLAN XVI.
N attentive examination of this plan will show that its chief
characteristics are tranquillity and simplicity. The trees with
which it is adorned may either be in the shape of groups of Coniferae
or of weeping Beeches, as is shown in the foreground. The principal
features of the arrangement are, in short, trees and a long open
façade facing the road, supported by two lateral buildings to cor-
respond with and to give character to the whole. For the sake of
effect, clumps of one kind of tree have been introduced in various
aspects. Thus on the left are sombre Yew trees, whilst on the right
have been planted gracefully-drooping Larches: other trees might,
however, produce an equally good effect.
The lawn and ordinary shrubberies, interspersed with gracefully-
sweeping walks, are all in excellent keeping with the general
arrangements of the place.
c is a small circular summer-house.
d, an octangular summer-house, the left side of which is sheltered
by thick shrubs.
e, a larger house, might be a summer-house, or horticultural
structure.
fis a bed of flowers.
g, h, i, k, l, m, are seats. The Conifers for masses on the left are
all inexpensive sorts; but, where economy is not a consideration,
rarer kinds might be planted.
1, 2, 3, are Picea pectinata; 4, A. canadensis; 5, P. pectinata ;
6, Abies alba ; 7, Picea balsamea ; 8, 9, 10, A. canadensis; 13, P.
balsamea ; 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, P. pectinata; 19, A. canadensis;
20, 21, Abies excelsa; 22, A. alba; 23, 24, 25, 26, Picea pectinata ;
27, A. canadensis; 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, P. pectinata; 33, P. pichta;
34 Abies alba; 35, A. excelsa ; 36, Picea balsamea ; 37, Red-flowering
Crataegus; 38, Picea Pinsapo; 39, White-flowering Crataegus; 40, Pinus
Cembra; 41, P. insignis; 42, P. Cembra; 43, P. insignis; 44, P.
Cembra; 45, P. insignis; 46, P. Cembra; 47, Sorbus aucuparia;
48, Catalpa syringaefolia; 49, Halimodendron argenteum; 50, Fagus
purpurea; 51, 52, Cedrus Deodara; 53, Acer rubrum; 54, Robinia
hispida; 55, Abies Douglasii; 56, Red-flowering Crataegus; 57, 58, 59,
Abies Douglasii; 60, Alnus americana; 61, Quercus coccinea ; 62, 63,
Betula alba; 64, Red-flowering Crataegus; 65, Abies alba; 66, Abies
canadensis; 67, P. pectinata; 68, White-flowering Crataegus; 69, 70,
Picea balsamea ; 71, Quercus laurifolia; 72, Pinus Lambertiana;
73, P. Laricio; 74, Betula alba pendula; 75, B. excelsa; 76, 77, 78,79,
B. alba pendula; 80, B. parvifolia; 81, B. alba; 82, B. papyracea; 83,
84, 85, 86, B. alba; 87, B, excelsa ; 88, B. nigra, 89,90, 91, 92, 93,
94, 95, 96, B. alba; 97, B. lanulosa; 98, 99, B. alba.
PLAN X W II.
HIS is an illustration of a small estate situated on the bank
of a river; a position the advantages of which have been pointed
out in former plans.
a is the situation for the house, from the front of which most
interesting views of the garden can be obtained. On the left the
scenery is also cheerful, while the view on the right, limited as it is,
is nevertheless not without interest. Looked at from the opposite
side of the river, this place cannot fail to have a charming
appearance.
b is a summer-house, shaded by fine groups of trees.
c is also a summer-house, which, though enclosed on three sides,
has a fine prospect in front.
d, e,f, are flower-beds.
g, h, i, k, l, m, n, o, are seats shaded by trees, from among which
views of the garden and landscape beyond it may be obtained.
No. 1 is Rhus cotinus; 2, Ilex opaca; 3, Abies Douglasii;
4, Platanus occidentalis; 5, Red-flowering Crataegus; 6, 7, Picea
pectinata; 8, A. canadensis; 9, Quercus Suber; 10, Standard Rose;
11, Æsculus rubicunda; 12, Magnolia tripetala; 13, Sophora
japonica; 14, Pinus Banksiana, or Pumilio ; 15, 16, 17, Standard
Roses; 18, Amelanchier sanguinea; 19, Picea nobilis; 20, Ailantus
glandulosa ; 21, 22, 23, Standard Roses; 24, 25, 26, Betula alba;
27, 28, 29, Standard Roses; 30, Catalpa syringaefolia; 31, 32, Abies
Douglasii; 33, White-flowered Crataegus; 34, Gleditschia triacanthos;
35, 36, Quercus fastigiata; 37, Pavia flava; 38, Crataegus coccinea;
39, Wellingtonia gigantea ; 40, Fagus purpurea; 41, Red-flowering
Crataegus ; 42, 43, 44, Abies canadensis; 45, 46, 47, Standard Roses;
48, Acer striatum; 49, Wellingtonia; 50, 51, 52, Cedrus Deodara;
53, 54, Abies Douglasii; 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, Picea pectinata; 60, 61,
Cedrus Deodara; 62, 63, Abies excelsa ; 64, A. alba ; 65, 66, Abies
canadensis; 67, P. pectinata; 68, 69, Pinus Montezumae; 70, Arbutus
Unedo; 71, 72, 73, 74, Standard Roses; 75, Araucaria imbricata; 76,
Broussonetia papyrifera; 77, 78, 79,80, Pinus sylvestris; 81, P. pinea;
82, Rose; 83, Araucaria imbricata; 84, Diospyros virginiana; 84,
Cytisus purpureus.
PL. A N XVIII.
| N this the house is represented as having a closed entrance, except
on special occasions; the ordinary approaches being at the sides.
Looking in from without, the view is intercepted on the right by the
Summer-house b, and on the left is an open space well backed up
with shrubbery.
From the house, in the direction of the entrance, one sees the
series of beds on gravel which decorate that side of the grounds. In
the opposite direction the prospect extends behind the summer-house
e, as far as the exterior landscape.
b is a circular summer-house, from which is perceived the road in
a direct line, and on the right an interesting portion of the garden
comes into view.
c is also a circular arbour, shaded by a Fir tree and an adjacent
shrubbery. From this a peep beyond the limits of the boundary can
be obtained through the iron gate.
d is considerably shaded by three Lime trees, which contribute to
render that spot a delightful retreatin summer.
e is a large summer-house, which, owing to the open ground on
which it stands, cannot only be perceived from various points in the
grounds, but from it a view of great part of the garden and of the
immediate environs can be obtained.
j, g, h, ś, k, l, are flower-beds.
m is a seat, from which a sight of the entrance can be had, as well
as of the house, the summer-house b, and other objects of interest.
* is another seat, as are also o, p, q, r, s, t ; from these the Summer-
house and other views of important objects can be obtained. -
Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, are Standard Roses; 6, Sorbus nepalensis; 7, 8,
Cedrus Deodara; 9, Robinia hispida; 10, Liriodendron tulipifera;
11, Magnolia purpurea; 12, Abies canadensis; 13, Chionanthus
virginica; 14, Red-flowering Crataegus; 15, Laurustinus; 16, Catalpa
syringaefolia; 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, Standard Roses; 24, 25, 26,
Quercus fastigiata; 27, White-flowering Crataegus; 28, Standard
Rose; 29, Salisburia adiantifolia; 30, 31, 32, Standard Roses; 34,
Crataegus splendens; 35, Catalpa syringaefolia; 36, 37, 38, Standard
Laurustinus; 39, 40, 41, Red-flowering Crataegus; 42, Ulmus alba;
43, 44, Abies Douglasii; 45, Amelanchier sanguinea; 46, A. Botrya-
pium; 47, Ailantus glandulosa; 48, Liriodendron tulipifera; 49,
PICTURESQUE GARDEN PLANS.
Picea nobilis; 50, P. Nordmanniana; 51, 52, Abies alba; 53, 54, A.
Douglasii; 55, Robinia hispida; 56, 57, Standard Roses; 58, Acer
striatum; 59, Catalpa syringaefolia; 60, Wellingtonia; 61, 62, 63,
Juniperus excelsa; 64, Gymnocladus canadensis; 65, Laurustinus;
66, Sophora japonica; 67, Pinus Cembra; 68, Viburnum opulus; 69,
AEsculus rubicunda; 70, Rhus Cotinus; 71, 72, Picea pectinata; 73,
Platanus occidentalis; 74, Araucaria imbricata; 75, Standard Rose ;
76, Pavia flava; 77, 78, 79, Tilia europaea; 80, Standard Rose.
PLAN XIX.
Th; preceding plans, from I. to XVIII., illustrate gardens laid
out entirely in the form of ornamental grounds, but, as it often
happens in Small places that vegetables are also required to be grown
for the use of the house, the following plans are arranged in a manner
to suit such requirements.
The whole arrangement may, as a matter of course, either as
regards flowers, fruits, or vegetables, be made to suit the taste of the
proprietor, and the wants of the family. The kitchen-garden may
either be in the form of beds and alleys, as shown upon the plan, or
the cropping operations may be conducted in the usual way.
From a, the house, may be seen the vegetable department, as well
as that containing shrubs and flowers; but where kitchen gardening
is not considered consistent with the taste of the proprietor, all that
is required is merely to plant the ground at the back of Fig. 3.
b is a good position for a circular flower-garden.
c is a summer-house, or it might be a small vinery or green-
house.
d, e,f, are flower-beds.
g, wall trees.
h, herbs, or Strawberries.
i, k, l, m, kitchen-garden.
n, n, flat borders, for pyramid Apples, Pears, Plums, &c., with
Currant and Gooseberry bushes between them, or Strawberries.
The flat border, h, may be either flowers, Asparagus, or Strawberries.
o, p, q, r, are seats.
No. 1 is Fagus purpurea; 2, Rhus Cotinus; 3, Abies canadensis;
4, Pyrus prunifolia; 5, 6, 7, Standard Roses; 8, Morus alba; 9,
Cydonia vulgaris; 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, Fruit trees in borders,
n, n ; 16, Mespilus germanica; 17, 18, 19, Cherries; 20, Apple; 21,
Pear; 22, Sophora japonica; 23, 24, 25, 26, Standard Roses.
PLAN XX.
This plan is in some respects similar to the last, but the situation
of the kitchen-garden is different, being in this case confined to
the outskirts of the ornamental ground.
From the house, a, a good view of the arbour, b, is obtained,
surrounded as it is by thick shrubbery.
c is a circular summer-house.
d, e,f, g, are flower-beds.
h represents wall-trees, such as Peaches, Nectarines, Apricots, &c.
The borders marked i may be planted as in the preceding plan;
those indicated by k being exclusively devoted to flowers.
m, n, o, p, ground left for vegetables.
q, Strawberries.
r is a shaded seat, looking towards the summer-house, b, and from
which the vegetable ground is blocked out by thick shrubs.
s is another seat facing the lawn, at the entrance near the summer-
house, b.
t is a third seat, well shaded, from which a good view of the
garden can be obtained. v is a fourth seat, overlooking the vegetable
department, which is hid between a row of trees, and a thick
block of green foliage.
No. 1 is Acer striatum; 2, Gleditschia sinensis; 3, White-flowering
Crataegus; 4, 5, 6, Standard Roses; 7, Amelanchier sanguinea; 8, 9,
Standard Roses; 10, Catalpa syringaefolia; 11, Weigela rosea; 12,
13, Standard Roses; 14, AEsculus rubicunda; 15, 16, 17, Standard
Roses; 18, Wellingtonia gigantea; 19, Rhus coriaria; 20, Lirioden-
dron tulipifera; 21, Mespilus germanica; 22, Quercus coccinea;
23, Cydonia vulgaris; 24, Abies canadensis; 25, Laurustinus; 26,
Pyrus prunifolia.
PLAN XXI.
IN this plan it is also proposed to combine a vegetable and fruit
garden with ornamental grounds, and that in such a manner as
to produce the most agreeable effect.
a indicates the house.
b is an arbour surrounded by natural objects.
c, a circular spot surrounded by shrubs, suitable for a rosery, flower-
garden on gravel, or Fernery.
d is a flower bed. e., a shaded bench.
f a seat, from which the garden front of the house can be seen
through a lively green glade well flanked by shrubs and trees, for the
most part of evergreen character.
g is also a seat, from which all view of the kitchen-garden is cut off
by means of masses of shrubberies. *
h, i, are walls suitable for fruit trees.
k, l, m, n, o, are beds in the vegetable department.
p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, are borders for fruit trees, shrubs, or flowers.
No. 1, AEsculus rubicunda; 2, Mespilus germanica; 3, Laurustinus;
4, Cydonia vulgaris; 5, 6, omit, as the presence of trees upon gravel
is not favoured in this country; 7 is Ilex recurva; 8, Ilex Hodgesii;
9, Amelanchier sanguinea; 10, Cedrus Deodara; 11, 12, Red-flowering
Crataegus; 13, ditto alba; 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, Standard Roses;
20, Araucaria imbricata; 21, Æsculus flava; 22, Fagus purpurea;
23, Æsculus rubicunda; 24, Liriodendron tulipifera; 25, Picea pec-
tinata; 26, Magnolia tripetala; 27, Abies canadensis; 28, Pyrus pru-
nifolia.
PLAN XXII.
HIS plan is on a somewhat larger scale than any of the preceding
Ones, and, therefore, scope is afforded for more extensive
arrangements than could be attempted in a smaller space. Inde-
pendently of what has already been represented, we find here a
vineyard, which, of course, is unsuitable for this country; but its
site might in many places be usefully employed as an orchard,
provided the ground is of a somewhat stiff character and well
drained. In the centre is a house intended for the gardener.
From the outside we perceive through the iron gate the dwelling
among blocks of verdure; on the left, a few isolated trees afford shade
and shelter, whilst dense shrubberies support the right side. An
extensive prospect is unfolded from the garden over the large lawn,
adorned as it is with fine groups of trees.
b is a garden cottage.
c, a large summer-house. -
d is a small arbour or shady retreat, from which a vista is cut
through the surrounding shrubberies.
e, f, g, h, ś, are beds intended for flowers.
ſº, m, 1, 0, are seats.
p are walls, on which fruit-trees may be trained.
q, r, s, t, u, v, w, vegetable department.
w, borders for dwarf fruit-trees, edged with Strawberries.
No. 1 is Robinia hispida; 2, Platanus occidentalis; 3, 4, 5, Abies
canadensis; 6, Amalanchier canadensis; 7, Pavia flava; 8, Juglans
regia ; 9, Ailantus glandulosa ; 10, AEsculus Hippocastanum ;
11, Sophora japonica; 12, Abies alba; 13, Acer striatum; 14, 15, 16,
Standard Roses; 17, 18, leave out, except shelter for the corner of
the house is required; 19, Red-flowering Crataegus; 20, Ditto alba;
21, Laurustinus; 22, Acer negundo variegata ; 23, 24, 25, Crataegus
coccinea, Crataegus alba, and rubra ; 26, Juglans cinerea; 27, Chio-
manthus virginica; 28, Fagus purpurea; 29, Picea nobilis; 30, Catalpa
syringaefolia; 34, Cerasus pendula; 35, Robinia hispida; 36, Laurus-
tinus; 37, 38, Abies canadensis; 39, AEsculus rubicunda; 40, Quercus
coccinea; 41, Pavia macrostachya; 42, P. flava.
PLAN XXIII.
N this plan the ornamental ground is bounded on two sides by
the kitchen garden; and the house is situated so as to be out of
view, or nearly so, of the latter, the principal prospect being on the
garden side.
b is the gardener's lodge; c a summer-house.
d, a round spot surrounded by shrubbery, suitable for purposes
indicated in former descriptions.
e, f, g, are flower-beds.
h, i, k, l, m, all seats commanding various views of the summer-
houses and grounds.
n, o, walls for fruit-trees.
p, q, r, s, borders for fruit-trees, which may also be advantageously
ornamented with herbaceous plants; t, u, v, w, vegetable department.
No. 1 is Liriodendron tulipifera; 2, Laurustinus; 3, 4, 5, double red
Crataegus oxyacantha; 6, Ulmus americana; 7, Standard Roses;
8, Robinia; 9, Picea pectinata; 10, Catalpa syringaefolia; 11, Mag-
nolia purpurea; 12, Ailantus glandulosa; 13, Sophora japonica;
14, 15, 16, White-flowering Crataegus ; 17, Platanus occidentalis;
18, Abies alba; 19, A. Douglasii; 20, Robinia hispida; 21, 22, 23,
24, 25, 26, 27, Standard Roses; 28, Fagus purpurea; 29, Acer
striatum; 30, Crataegus coccinea; 31, Catalpa syringaefolia; 32,
Tilia europaea; 33, Syringa persica; 34, AEsculus rubicunda; 36,
Broussonetia papyrifera; 37, Pavia flava; 38, Gymnocladus cana-
densis; 39, Viburnum opulus; 40, Chionanthus virginica ; 41,
Gleditschia triacanthos; 42, Abies canadensis; 43, Abies alba ; 44,
Bopulus canescens; 45, Acer negundo ; 46, AEsculus rubicunda; 47,
Standard Roses; 48, Quercus coccinea; 49, Standard Roses.
PLAN XXIV.
HIS is intended to illustrate a case in which the residence is
from necessity disadvantageously situated, and one in which,
owing to its proximity to factories and other unsightly external
objects, some practical skill is required to dispose of the available space
in such a manner as to produce, under the circumstances, the best
possible effect.
From the front of the house, a, the large bed of flowers, f, can be
seen, together with the lawn extending beyond it, enriched as it is
with masses of highly interesting shrubs. On the other front is also
a beautiful piece of lawn, beyond which lay the fruit and vegetable
grounds.
b is the gardener’s house.
c, a summer-house, well backed up by shrubs, and containing a
pleasant view in front.
d, e, f, g, flower-beds.
h, i, k, l, m, y, are seats.
n, 0, p, Walls for fruit-trees.
q, r, s, t, vegetables.
w, v, w, ar, borders for fruit-trees.
No. 1, Gleditschia sinensis; 2, Betula alba pendula; 3, Fagus pur-
purea; 4, Picea pectinata; 5, Liriodendron tulipifera; 6, Robinia
hispida; 7, 8, 9, Quercus fastigiata; 10, Fraxinus ornus; 11, Platanus
occidentalis; 12, Ulmus americana; 13, Pavia flava; 14, Syringa
persica; 15, Viburnum opulus; 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23,
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26, 27, 28, scarlet Crataegus oxyacantha; 29, Ailantus glandulosa;
30, Abies alba; 31, Fagus sylvatica; 32, Picea pectinata; 33, 34,
35, Robinia hispida; 36, Acer negundo; 37, Catalpa syringaefolia;
38, Abies alba; 39, Chionanthus virginica; 40, Platanus orientalis;
41, Picea pectinata; 42, Acer striatum; 43, Syringa Jacquinii;
44, Juglans regia; 45, Picea balsamea ; 46, 47, Tilia europaea;
48, Pavia flava; 49, Picea pectinata; 50, Taxodium distichum ;
51, Magnolia tripetala; 52, AEsculus rubicunda; 53, Salisburia
adiantifolia; 54, Fraxinus excelsior; 55, Crataegus coccinea ; 56,
Sophora japonica; 57, Catalpa syringaefolia.
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