syſRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS AND ON CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION BOARDS IN THE UNITED KING DOM IN 19 () 8. *...*-*** * *-* --> #regented to both $ougeg of £atliament by QIommand of 35ig finist, L O N DO N : PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, By DARLING & SON, Ltd., 34-40, Bacon STREET, E And to be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from WYMAN AND SONS, LTD., FETTER LANE, E.C., and 32, AEINGDON STREET, WESTMINSTER, S.W.; or OLIVER & BOYD, Tweed patr Court, EDINRURGH ; or E. PONSONBY, 116, GRAFToM STREET, DUBLIN. ~4 H 1909. [Cd. 4680.] Price Syd. Publications are-sold at W fications are sold also by Wyma ons of the Ordnance Survey an from Agents in most of the chief towns in the Unité or from the Director General of the Ordnance Survey, Southa º Pºland, from the Superintendent, Ordnance Survey, Dublin. . In addition.º Maps are, as a rule, procurable at Railway Bookstalls in England and Wales. e Journal of the Board of Agriculture is published monthly by the Board, at 4, Whitehall Place, S.W. Prior to April, 1907, it was published by Messrs. Laughton ºf and Co., Ltd., 3, Wellington Street, Strand, W.C. Price 4d. The following is a list of some of the more important Parliamentary and Official Publications recently issued :— - Statutes— Public General Acts, 1909. In separate chapters, at varying prices. Local and Personal Acts, 1909. 3d. per 4 pp. Public General, Session 1908. With Index, Tables, &c. Cloth. 38. Second Revised Edition. 1235–1886. XVI. Wols. 7s. 6d. each. 2. Statutes in Force. Chronological Table and Index of 23rd Edition. To the end of the Session 7 Edward VII. (1907). 2 vols. 108. 6d. Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland, 1424–1707. Revised Edition. 108. Statutory Rules and Orders other than those of a Local, Personal, or Temporary Character. Issued in 1890 to 1908. 108. each. Statutory Rules and Orders revised, in force on Dec. 31, 1903. Wols I. to XIII. 108. each. Statutory Rules and Orders in force on 31st December 1906. Index to. 108. PARLIAMENTARY DEBATEs. House of Lords and House of Commons; each daily part 3d ; also issued in bound volumes with Index. Historical MANUSCRIPTs. Reports of the Royal Commissioners. In course of issue. Rº: ºisions. Evidence, in separate parts:—Canals; Mines; Irish Railways ; . Whiskey. r [Cd. 4464.] B1RT Hs, DEATHs, AND MARRIAGEs (E. & W.). Report. 1907. .38. 3d. Cd. 4499. POOR LAWS AND RELIEF of DISTRESS. Royal Commission. Majority and Minority Reports. 58. 6d. [Cd. º Do. Report on Ireland. 9d. |Cd. 4554.] INTERNATIONAL NAVAL ConFERENCE. Correspondence. 11d. [Cd. 4555. Do. Proceedings. 38. 3d. [Cd. 4612.] L3CENSING STATISTICS. 1908. 1s. 9d. [Cd, 4643, 4661.] CoMBINATIONS IN THE MEAT TRADE. Report of Committee, with Evidence, &c. 2s. 9d. [Cd. 4671.] } UBLIC HEALTH AND SocIAL ConDITIONs. Statistical Memoranda. 5s. [Cú. '664. FACTORIES AND Workshops. Report. 1908. 2s. 4d. LCd. 4668, 4.69.] SILIPPING RINGs. Royal Commission. Report, with Appendices. 28. 1 |Cd. 4677.] [AILWAY CONFERENCE. Report of Board of Trade. 18 [Cd. 4697.] RAILWAY ACCOUNTS AND STATISTICAL RETURNs. Report of Committee. H.C. No. 91. LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANIES' Accounts, 1908. 4s. Tradio axid Geºry, ºr co, &c. :— • lº- |Cd. 3864.]. COST OF LIVING OF THE WORRING CLASSES. Report on Rents, Housi †etºrices, Rates of Wages, &c. ... } ... gº tº 3. |UNITED KINGDOM. [Cd. 4032.] Do. vº do i - GERMAN TOWNS. 48. [Cd. 4512.] Do. do." FRENCH TOWNS 48, 194. 4486. STATISTICAL ABSTRAct of Tºº British EMPIRE. 1893–1907. 18. 9d. 4258. Do. do. UNITED ISINGDOM. 1893–1907. 18. w” . Gd. 4415. IDo. do. Co.oniEs. 1893–1907. §3. 4311.1. Do. do. BRITs; INDIA, 1897-1898 to 1906-1907. 18. 93. 4100, 4150, 4266.] TRADE or ran tisſº KINGoom, 1907. Wols. I, II, wi sº. Supplement. ſº #9: Navigation AND Samprise, stat [Qd. 4%.] CiANGES IN Rates of wºrks Asn |Cd. #257. RAI] war RETURNS, 1907. Capital H.Q. No. 32. FiscAL Policy of INTERNATION, [Cd 4413.] LABour Statistics, United. 4. 123.9% 907, ABOUR. Report. 1907. 15. STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS. **, ºve. BOARD OF TRADE (LABOUR DEPARTMENT). REP () RT ON STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS AND ON (ONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION BOARDS IN THE UNITED KING-DOM IN 19 () 8. Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of His I?)ajesty. L O N DO N : PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, BY DARLING & SON, LTD., 34-40, BACON STREET, E. And to be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from WYMAN AND SONS, LTD., FETTER LANE, E.C., and 32, ABINGDON STREET, WESTMINSTER, S.W. ; or OLIVER & BOYD, TwPEDDALE Court, EDINBURGH ; or E. PONSONBY, 116, GRAFTON STREET, DUBLIN. 1909. [Cd, 4680.] Price 83d. TO THE SECRETARY OF THE BOARD OF TRADE. SIR, I HAVE the honour to present herewith the Twenty-First Annual Report on Strikes and Lock-outs in the United Kingdom, and on Conciliation and Arbitration Boards. The amount of industrial disturbance caused by trade disputes was greater in 1908 than in any year since 1898. This result is entirely accounted for by the disputes in the engineering and ship- building industries of the North-East Coast, and in the cotton- spinning industry of Lancashire. These three disputes laid idle 166,000 workpeople, and caused a loss in working time of 84 million working days—the number of workpeople involved in all the other 396 disputes being 129,000, and the days lost thereby 2% millions only. It is satisfactory to note the increasing use that is being made of methods of conciliation and arbitration for the settlement of questions that arise between employers and their workpeople. The number of workpeople involved in disputes which were settled in 1908 by these methods was the highest on record. The Conciliation Act was much more freely used in 1908 than in any year since it was passed in 1896, both in cases involving a stoppage of work and in those in which no stoppage occurred. There was also a considerable increase over other recent years in the number of cases settled by permanent Boards of Conciliation and Arbitration. The machinery for conciliation and arbitration was considerably developed in 1908 by the formation of Boards of Conciliation for the principal railways of the United Kingdom, and by the 3 --- formation by the Board of Trade of Courts of Arbitration under the Concilation Act, 1896. The shipbuilding dispute led to a series of conferences as a result of which machinery was set up early in 1909 for dealing with differences between employers and workpeople in this industry, while in the engineering trade and in the cotton industry similar arrangements are being considered. I am, &c., . G. R. ASKWITH. Board of Trade, June, 1909. (12670–4.) Wt. 32768–3418. 1750, 7/09. D & S. C O N TENTS. REPORT. GENERAL REPORT. General comparison of 1908 with four preceding years Proportion of Total Number of Workpeople involved in Disputes & º º tº tº e tº E tº tº tº º Duration of Disputes Causes of Disputes e Results of Disputes tº º & * * > Methods of Settlement of Disputes DETAILED REPORT. Analysis by Groups of Trades:— Building Trades Mining and Quarrying º & © ê º e tº º tº * @ tº Metal, Engineering, and Shipbuilding Trades ... Textile Trades Clothing Trades Transport Trades ſº a tº e tº e a tº $ tº e º º Miscellaneous Trades and Employees of Local Authorities tº tº º tº tº º tº º º tº de & Conciliation and Arbitration:- Strikes and Lock-outs Settled by Conciliation or Arbitration tº º The Work of Permanent Boards of Conciliation and Arbitration tº º º e tº e we ºn tº Other Agencies for settling disputes gº & © & e ∈ Important Disputes in 1908:— Shipbuilding Dispute; North-East Coast... Engineering Dispute, North-East Coast ... Cotton Spinners’ Dispute, Lancashire Page. 10 12 13 15 16 20 21 24 27 30 31 32 35 37 39 41 47 55 CONTENTS. SUMMARY TABLES. (a) TRADE DISPUTES. 1908. Disputes classified by:— Ia.—Causes—All Trades ... Ib.—Causes–Groups of Trades:– Building Mining and Quarrying e e e © tº e Metal, Engineering, and Shipbuilding ... Textile • * > . e. e. e - e. Clothing Transport º * G - © e - tº º º º, º º Miscellaneous and Employees of Local Authorities tº º º tº º º e tº º tº º II.—Results º e - III.-Methods of Settlement IV.-Districts V.—Magnitude 1899–1908. Disputes classified by :- VI.-Causes VII.-Results VIII.-Districts IX-Proportion of Industrial Population involved in Disputes * * * - e. e º e > (b.) CONCIL1ATION AND ARBITRATION. 1908. X.--Trade Disputes settled by Conciliation or Arbitration ... tº º º e - e. * @ e & e e XI.--Work of Permanent Conciliation and Arbi- tration Boards © e ſº © e ºs tº e de 1899–1908. XII.--Trade Disputes settled by Conciliation or Arbitration © e & e - tº * * * tº tº ſº tº e & XIII.--Work of Permanent Conciliation and Arbi- tration Boards e e tº - «» tº tº º e tº º e & © ºf Page. 62 64 66 68 7() 72 74 76 78 82 84 86 88 94 100 100 102 103 104. 105 6 - CONTENTS. PRINCIPAL LABOUR DISPUTES IN 1908. Building Trades Coal Mining Metal, Engineering, and Shipbuilding :- Iron and Steel Manufacture ... Engineering and Shipbuilding Other Metal Trades ſe Textile Trades:— Cotton Spinning and Weaving Clothing Trades:– Boot and Shoe Manufacture ... Other Clothing Trades Transport Trades Miscellaneous Trades CONCILLATION AND ARBITRATION. 114 I.—List of Trade Disputes settled in 1908 by Conciliation or Arbitration ... ... II.-Table summarising the Work of Permanent Conciliation and Arbitration Boards in 1908 Page. 108 108 112 112 114 116 116 116 118 122 125 CONTENTS. 7 Page. Conciliation and Arbitration—cont. III.-Detailed Statement of the Work of Permanent Boards in 1908:— Building Trades tº º tº e tº º tº º gº * * > .., 128 Coal Mining ... cº ºr º * * * tº º º tº º is ... 130 Iron and Steel Trades º nº º tº e g * * * ... 134 Engineering and Shipbuilding gº º º tº gº ºn ... 135 Textile Trades ... tº e ºr tº gº ºf e e º * * * ... 137 Boot and Shoe Trade ... tº º ſº & º e gº º G ... 137 Railways * E e tº º º * * > is tº e ºr sº º ... 138 Pottery Trade ... * tº dº * & ſº tº gº º * ... tº ... 140 District Boards ... tº gº º tº º te * * * tº $ tº ... 140 APPENDICES. I–Examples of Classification of Causes of Strikes and Lock-outs taken from those occurring in recent years ... jº º º gº tº º tº º tº sº º ve ... 144 II.-Rules of Conciliation Boards formed in 1908 ... 149 III.--Table showing by Groups of Trades the Number of Disputes, the Number of Workpeople involved therein, and the Aggregate Dura- tion of Disputes for each of the years 1893–1908 * * * * º ºs is ſº * ... 158 IV.-Great Labour Disputes, 1888–1907 ... ... 162 V.—Specimen Forms of Inquiry:— Forms of Inquiry respecting Trade Disputes:— Addressed to Employers tº ſº & * 166 Addressed to Representatives of Workpeople 169 Forms of Inquiry respecting the work of Con- ciliation and Arbitration Boards ... tº sº º ... 172 REPORT BY THE LABOUR DEPART- MENT ON STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS AND ON CONCILIATION AND ARBI- TRATION BOARDS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM IN 1908. INTRODUCTION. The general method employed for ascertaining the facts upon which this Report is based is as follows. After the existence of a dispute has been ascertained by the Department a schedule is issued to each of the parties concerned containing a series of questions as to the principal matters at issue.” The statistics so obtained are published monthly in the Board of Trade Labour Gazette. Pre- liminary statistics of the disputes for the whole of the year are also given in the same publication early in the following year, but for the purposes of a permanent record such figures require a certain amount of revision in accordance with later information, which in some cases is not received until some months after the close of the €3,1'. y The first section of the present volume consists of a General Report, summarising the statistics of the disputes of the year, and comparing the figures with those of other recent years. This is followed by a Detailed Report in which the disputes are analysed by groups of trades. In an Appendix, brief particulars are given regarding all the great disputes since 1888. Another section shows the disputes terminated in 1908 by conciliation or arbitration, and gives particulars of the important work done by Conciliation Boards during the year, while a further section gives an account of the serious disputes in 1908 in the engineering, shipbuilding, and cotton industries. Many labour disputes affect but a small number of workpeople or are of short duration ; and, in continuance of the plan adopted in the Report for 1901, the figures relating to these unimportant disputes are not published separately, although they are included in the statistics as formerly.f Accordingly in the detailed Tables on pp. 108 to 119 only disputes above certain limits as regards numbers involved and aggregate duration are included. The limits adopted for the various groups of trades are stated on p. 107. The effect of this arrangement is to exclude from the detailed Tables 305 disputes (or 76 per cent. of the total), which however, accounted for only 12 per cent. of the total number of persons involved, and for 7 per cent. of the aggregate duration ; and to include 94 disputes, affecting 88 per cent. of the persons involved and 93 per cent. of the aggregate duration. * For specimens of schedules used see pp. 166 to 171. it Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople or lasting less than one day, are not taken into account in compiling the statistics, unless their aggregate duration exceeds 100 days. -- 12670 B 1() GENERAL REPORT. GENERAL REPORT. Comparison of 1908 with previous Years. Although the number of disputes recorded in 1908 was much below the average of the nine previous years, the extent of industrial disturbance arising from stoppages of work in 1908, as measured by the amount of working time lost, was the greatest since 1898, the year of the general dispute in the Welsh coal trade; while, if measured by the number of workpeople involved, it is found that the figures for 1908 have been exceeded in only two years for which the Department has records, viz., 1893 and 1894, the years of the great disputes in the coal trade in the Federated districts and in Scotland respectively. The high figures for 1908 are due entirely to the disputes in the engineering, shipbuilding, and cotton industries, which together accounted for no less than 166,000 workpeople, or 56 per cent. of all the workpeople involved in the disputes of the year, and for the loss of 84 million working days, or 76 per cent. of the aggregate duration of all the disputes. The following Table shows, for a period of ten years, the number of disputes beginning in each year, the number of workpeople involved in such disputes, and the aggregate duration of all disputes in progress during the year :— - —r— No. of No. of Workpeople involved in Aggregate . Disputes |Disputes beginning in each year, wºº. ..., roos. © tº Working Days of Year. beginning || - ll Disputes in in each | In- *** year. Directly. directly.” Total. in each year.f 1899 ... ... 719 138,058 42,159 | 180,217 2,246,548 - 269,868 1900 ... ... 648 || 135,145 || 53,393 | 188,538 3,047,55i - - 105.143 - 1901 ... ... 642 111,437 | 68,109 || 179,546 3,498.288 - - . * - 643.999 1902 ... ... 442 | 116,824 139,843 256,667 3,032,291 -- - 396,964 1903 ... ... 387 | 93,515 23,386 || 116,901 1,443,781 - - - 894,887 1904 ... ... 355 56,380 30,828 87,208 1,316,686 * - - 167,534 1905 ... .. 358 67,653 || 25,850 | 93,503 2,295'973 • - . . | * 174,216 1906 ... ... . . 486 || 157,872 59,901 || 217,773 2,570.950 - - - 457,866 1907 ... ... 601 || 100,728 || 46,770 147,498 1,878,679 - - 283,472 1908 ... ... 399 || 223,969 || 71,538 295,507 10,632,638 2. - 201,551 * Workpeople indirectly involved are those thrown out of work at the establish- ments where the disputes occurred, although not themselves on strike or locked-out. Workpeople indirectly involved at other establishments than those where the disputes occurred are not included. - - - - - - - - - t NOTE:—Throughout this Report (with the exception of the Table on p. 13) the figures for the aggregate duration in any year of the disputes which began in that year are printed in roman type; the figures for disputes which began in an earlier year are printed in italics, . - GENERAL COMPARISON. 11 A graphical illustration of the industrial disturbance caused by great disputes, such as occurred in 1908 in the engineering, ship- building, and cotton industries is given in the accompanying chart. In connexion therewith it should be stated that the high points reached in some of the earlier years are due to the coal miners’ dispute in the Federated districts (1893), the Scottish coal miners' dispute (1894), the engineers’ dispute (1897–8), and the South Wales coal miners’ dispute (1898). - Number of Workpeople Involved and Duration of Disputes. 1893. 1894, 1895. 1896, 1897. 1898. 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908. 32 32 30 - - 30 28 - - 28 26 - - 26 H. - 24 H 24 22 22 20 20 |- *...*, * — 18 18 16 16 14 | 14 IT | | *E / le 10 | - | F \| || || .AN || 10 \ 2TS 2 – \\ -Hºlspºts. 2 o Pºme NESr 2 - 0 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1898, 1899, 1900, 1901, 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906, 1907, 1908. --- Number of Workpeople involved directly and indirectly * : (hundreds of thousands). • *-* * - Aggregate duration in working days (millions). 12670 - B 2 12 gENERAL REpoRt. In the following Table the total number of persons involved are classified so as to show the extent to which each of the various groups of trades contributed to the total in 1908, comparative figures for the nine previous years being also given:- - Total Number of Workpeople involved” in Disputes. Metal, Miscel- Years. Mining Engi- laneous | Total, Build- and neering Textile Cloth- | Trans- and * ing Quarry- and & ing port. Public ing. Ship- | Authori- building. ties. 1899 30,524 46,831 21,119 61,499 2,258 12,611 5,375 180,217 1900 19,178 74,364 19,810 24,143 2,154 23,026 25,863 188,538 1901 9,797 112,981 22,489 16,609 4,135 2,682 10,853 179,546 1902 5,356 | 208,526 15,914 16,706 2,790 I,590 5,785 256,667 1903 3,663 63,578 32,380 9,458 2,476 2,172 3,174 116,901 1904 8,697 46,287 12,130 13,048 1,448 1,759 3,839 87.20 1905 6,637 44,791 12,753 15,786 3,540 2,112 7,884 93,503 I906 1,441 83,833 2,049 75,114 8,912 1,888 4,536 217,773 1907 1,230 52,567 19,576 47,429 11,643 ,708 6,345 147,498 1908 2,892 87,022 58,338 || 132,803 4,662 4,894 4,896 295,507 * Including the nersons indirectly involved, i.e., those thrown out of work at the estab- lishments involved in disputes, but not themselves on strike or locked-out. The textile trades in 1908 accounted for a greater number of workpeople involved in disputes than any other group of trades, but this was due solely to the dispute in the cotton spinning industry in which 120,000 workpeople were involved. Apart from this dispute the number of workpeople in these trades involved in disputes in 1908 was below the average of the nine previous years. Next in magnitude in 1908 comes the mining and quarrying group, which for eight of the ten years under review has been responsible for the greatest number of workpeople involved in disputes. The proportion falling to this group, however, has steadily fallen from 81 per cent. in 1902 to only 29 per cent. in 1908. The figures for the metal, engineering and shipbuilding trades in 1908 were the highest in the ten years covered by the Table, a fact attributable to the disputes in the engineering and shipbuilding industries of the North-East Coast in which 46,000 workpeople were involved. In both the clothing and the transport trades there was a considerable decrease in the numbers involved in disputes in 1908 as compared with 1907, but whereas the figures for the latter trades were much below the average for the nine preceding years those of the former were somewhat in excess of the average for the same period. The numbers involved in disputes in the building trades in 1908 were more than double those of either of the two previous years, but were considerably less than in any of the other years covered by the Table. The figures are insignificant when compared with the total number of workpeople employed in these trades. Proportion of Total Number of Workpeople involved in Disputes. - The number of workpeople involved in trade disputes in any one year forms but a small proportion of the totai number of persons employed in industrial occupations throughout the United Kingdom. Thus in 1908 although the number of workpeople involved in DURATION OF DISPUTEs. 13 disputes was the highest recorded since 1894, the proportion of the total number of workpeople engaged in industrial occupations who were thus involved was only 2.9 per cent., as compared with 1:4 per cent. in 1907, and 2.2 per cent. in 1906. The proportion was highest in the textile industries, where it amounted to 11 per cent. ; coal mining comes next with nearly 9 per cent., and the metal, engineering and shipbuilding trades next with 4.2 per cent. In the building trades it amounted to only 0.3 per cent. Duration of Disputes. The aggregate number of working days available in the year for the whole industrial population, exclusive of agricultural labourers and seamen, may be roughly estimated at about 3,000,000,000. The aggregate duration of all the disputes in progress in 1908 amounted to 10,834,189 working days, or about one-three-hundreth of this total. Spread over the entire industrial population, the amount of working time lost owing to disputes in 1908 was only about one day per head. - - In the textile industries the average loss of time was about 4% days per head of those employed in these industries, in the metal, engineering and shipbuilding trades it amounted to about 3 days per head, and in the mining and quarrying industries to a little over one day per head, while in the building trades it was only one-fifteenth of a day per head. In the following Table the disputes which began in 1908 are classified according to their duration :- No. Of ". Aggregate up tº * No. of eople involved duration in Limits of Duration. Disputes. º and working indirectly. days.” Under 1 week de & tº sº º ſº we tº º 128 45,982 98,516 1 week and under 2 weeks tº ſº tº 71 30,759 184,992 2 weeks , , 4 , tº º º 53 13,665 199,426 # , , , 6 m gº tº e 39 12,472 315,130 6 » , , 8 × • * * 27 124,560 4,995,103 8 : , , 10 gº º º 9 4,879 204,420 10 : , , 15 .. •º dº tº 25 4,891 325,557 15 s, , ; 20 tº tº º 19 42,205 2,215,056 20 × 3, 2, 25 , • e º 7 1,227 124,345 25 weeks and above ... ... ... 21 14,867 2,175,330 Total gº º º tº a tº e tº tº 399 295,507 10,837,875 * This is the aggregate duration of disputes which began in 1908 only, and it includes days lost up to the end of April, 1909. The duration for 1908 given in the other Tables of this Report is for all disputes in progress in 1908, irrespective of the date of their commencement. As usual, the majority of the disputes were of short duration. Thus, of the 399 disputes which began in 1908, 128, or 32 per cent, lasted less than a week. The proportion of disputes lasting less than a month was 63 per cent. ; while those lasting less than two months formed 80 per cent. of the total, and accounted for 77 per cent. of the workpeople involved in all the disputes of the year. 14 GENERAL REPORT. The engineering and shipbuilding disputes on the North-East Coast, which lasted 30 weeks and 18 weeks respectively, and together involved 46,000 workpeople, caused the proportion of workpeople involved in disputes lasting more than two months to be considerably higher in 1908 than in other recent years. The following Table shows by groups of trades the aggregate duration of all disputes in progress in each of the years 1899–1908. The aggregate duration in any year of disputes which began in that year is printed in roman type; the aggregate duration of disputes which began in an earlier year is printed in italics:— Aggregate Duration of Disputes in Working Days. Miscel- Metal, t Years, Mining Engi- .#. Total. Build- and neering | Textile, Cloth- Trans- loveeS ing. Quarry- and * ing port. Jº. ing. Ship- Autho- building. rities. 1899 852,625 300,826 387,469 545,837 | 40,996 62,450 56,345 2,246,548 1,582 203,602 33,191 6,648 1,158 23,687 269,868 1900 700,762 545,325 308,098 || 400,928 47,253 303,780 741,405 3,047,551 - 25,864 7,6 41,032 10,440 12,868 7,332 I05,143 1901 .. 407,552 | 1,820,372 477,843 222,919 84,256 13,128 472,218 3,498,288 167,296 265,741 123,710 53,444 3,128 25, 184 5,496 643,999 1902 3. 2,218,326 7,234 209,136 || 53,894 10,027 88,949 3,082,291 21,135 31,721 13,128 29,244 150 1,586 396,964 1903 114,371 692,178 319,795 111,114 119,732 26,779 59,812 1,443,781 705,720 161,221 5,924 16,450 - ,572 894,887 1904 345,253 533,703 156,126 117,919 || 13,092 39,363 111,230 1,316,686 260 123,582 29,303 3,635 I 10 2,980 ,664 67,534 1905 412,321 1,167,340 389,951 126,483 || 71,435 67,089 61,354 2,295,973 312 S8,174 77,6 8,110 174,216 1906 46,126 629,764 1,113,268 615,025 92,139 10,021 64,607 2,570,950 10,075 292,338 5,01 I47,974 2,465 457,866 1907 . . 22,983 466,526 357,359 573,830 277,291 85,471 95,219 1,878,679 145 102,535 110,274 68,630 658 I,230 283,472 1908 .. tº º 73,063 | 1,271,979 3,793,835 | 5,301,434 57,156 51,634 83,537 || 10,632,638 856 79,450 41,826 63,662 12,185 3,572 201,551 The serious effect of the great disputes in the engineering, ship- building and cotton trades caused the figures for these trades in 1908 to be far in excess of any recorded for the previous years covered by the Table. These disputes accounted for 89 per cent, of the total aggregate duration in the case of the metal, engineering and shipbuilding group, and for 90 per cent. in the case of the textile group. Apart from these disputes, the figures in 1908 were below the average of the nine previous years for the metal trades group, but were in excess of the average for th case of the textile trades. - - Although there were no large general disputes in t e same period in the he mining and quarrying industries, the aggregate duration of disputes in these industries was higher in 1908 than in any of the four previous years, this being largely accounted for by a number of prolonged local disputes involving considerable bodies of workpeople. for 1908, though not the highest recorded in the Table above, were above the average of the nine previous years. The figures The figures for the clothing and transport trades showed a considerable falling off as compared with the previous year, and were much below the average of the period under review. In the building trades the aggregate duration of disputes in 1908 considerably exceeded that recorded much below for each of the two previous years; it was, however, that of any of the earlier years in the Table. REsu LTs of DISPUTES. 15 Causes of Disputes. In the following Table the workpeople directly involved in disputes beginning in each of the years 1899–1908 are classified according to the causes of the disputes. For examples of the cases included under each cause, as given in the Table, see Appendix I, page 144. - Number of Workpeople directly” involved in Disputes beginning in Trincipal - - - Cause. - - - | - - 1899, 1900, 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. | 1905. 1906, 1907. 1908. Wages:— - For increase... 73,696 || 57,269 || 19,886 15,208 14,412 4,960 13,735 58,942 25,193 16,261 Against de- 6,826 7,385 14,852 26,053 |12,019 |13,643 |11,42 5,399 3,849 || 141646 CI'63SG, Other .. ... 14,129 18,249 24,127 15,472 23,126 14,180 13,580 23,592 | 27,016 || 17,982 Total Wages ... 94,651 | 82,903 || 58,865 56,733 49,557 32,783 ||38,737 87,933 | 56,058 175,889 Hours Of - Labour :- - For decrease .. 1,069 487 1,464 203 99 140 85 6,164 649 187 Other .. e e 2,788 231 2,734 2,841 4,009 || 1,830 3,060 922 1,431 || 8,190 Total Hours of 3,857 718 4,198 3,044 4,108 1,970 3,145 7,086 2,080 8,377 Labour. - Employment of 8,187 10,427 10,524 11,436 7,822 6,081 6,408 4,734 || 13,699 || 11,078 p a r t ic u la T classes or per- SOLIS, Working 17,895 18,956 23,185 | 19,849 || 13,609 || 7,601 || 5,546 6,536 ll,802 || 12,467 arrangementS. . - Trade Unionism 5,130 | 19,573 || 11,531 || 25,489 17,602 || 7,925 || 9,377 50,750 | 16,439 || 12,218 Other Causes .. 8,338 2,568 3,134 273 817 20 4,440 833 650 3,940 Grand Total ... 188,058 |135,145||111,487 |116,824 |93,515 |56,380 |67,653 |157,872 |100,728 |223,969 * That is, exclusive of those thrown out of work owing to disputes, but not themselves on strike or locked out. Throughout the whole of the period under review questions of wages were the principal causes of disputes. The proportion of this group has varied considerably during this period, falling to as low as 49 per cent. in 1902, and rising to nearly 79 per cent. in 1908. The unusually high percentage in 1908 is accounted for by the disputes in the engineering, shipbuilding, and cotton trades, which arose out of objections to proposed reductions in wages. Of the 175,889 workpeople involved in 1908 in disputes on wages questions, 141,646 (or 81 per cent.) were concerned in disputes in which resistance was being offered to a reduction in wages, the three disputes above referred to accounting for 131,000 of this total. In disputes in which an advance of wages was being sought, 16,261 workpeople were engaged, while 17,982 were involved in disputes on other wages questions, mainly questions of re-adjustment of rates of pay in the coal mining and the textile industries. The rates of pay in these industries are subject to frequent alterations due to variations in the seams of coal worked or in the quality of material supplied. - - - Disputes as to hours of labour numbered 14, and involved 8,377 workpeople in 1908 as compared with the 2,080 workpeople involved in the 16 similar disputes which began in 1907. Of these 16 GENERAL REPORT, 8,377 workpeople, 187 sought a reduction in hours, 832 resisted proposed increases in hours, while 7,358 struck on other questions of working hours. - Questions as to the employment of particular classes or persons caused fewer disputes in 1908 than in the previous year, and the number of workpeople directly involved was smaller, though still above the average of the nine previous years. Disputes on details of working arrangements, though fewer in number than in 1907, involved a greater number of workpeople, but this number was below the average of the period under review. As compared with the previous year there was a great decrease in 1908 in the number of disputes arising out of refusals to work with non-unionists and other questions of Trade Union principle, and this was accompanied by a considerable reduction in the number of workpeople involved both as compared with 1907, and with the average of the nine previous years. Of the 12,218 workpeople involved in these disputes, 11,389 (or 93 per cent.) were engaged in the coal mining industry, rather more than half of these being employed in South Wales and Monmouthshire, where for some time past a continuous effort has been made by the South Wales Miners’ Federation to compel all non-unionists to join that body. Other districts affected by this class of disputes in 1908 were East Scotland, Lancashire, and Shropshire. Results of Disputes. The following Table shows to what extent the disputes of 1908 were settled in favour of the employers or of the workpeople respectively, or were compromised :- * Number of Workpeople directly" involved Nº. w in Disputes beginning in 1908, the * €l Results of which were— O Work- Principal Cause. Jº. In favour | In favour involved in Of of | Com- Disputes Work- Em- promised. Unsettled. beginning people. ployers. in 1908. Wages:— For Increase 1,593 3,050 11,618 16,261 Against Decrease 1,025 26,706 113,915 & E & 141,646 Other tº º 946 5,195 10,688 1,153 17,982 Total, Wages... 3,564 34,951 136,221 1,153 175,889 Hours of labour * tº º 236 7,096 1,045 8,377 Employment of particula 2,579 3,584 4,915 11,078 classes or perSons. Working arrangements ... 3,254 6,466 2,747 & a s 12,467 Trade Unionism ... 9,542 502 1,830 344 12,218 Other causes 10 3,838 92 tº º sº 3,940 Grand Total ... 19,185 56,437 146,850 1,497 223,969 * That is, exclusive of those thrown out of work owing to disputes, but not themselves on strike or locked out. BESULTS OF DISPUTES. 17 In disputes arising on questions of wages, the striking feature is the small proportion of workpeople who obtained complete success, whether seeking an advance in wages, resisting a proposed reduction, or disputing on any other question affecting wages. Thus only 2 per cent. of the workpeople involved in these disputes were successful, while 20 per cent. were unsuccessful. The high pro- portion (77 per cent.) of workpeople who effected compromises is due to the dispute in the cotton trade, which was settled by a postponement for two months of the reduction in wages claimed by the employers. In disputes arising on questions of Trade Union principle, the great majority of the strikers were successful; but it should be pointed out that in a number of these cases the disputes were between one body of workpeople and another, and not between employers and workpeople. In all other classes of disputes the balance of success was on the whole against the workpeople, who were successful as regards only 17 per cent. of their number, while 58 per cent. were unsuccessful, and 25 per cent. effected compromises. Taking all the disputes of the year together, it is found that only 8.5 per cent. of the workpeople directly involved were successful in attaining their object, and this proportion would be materially reduced if disputes concerning the employment of non- unionists (which do not usually concern the employers to the same extent as other disputes) were excluded. The proportion of work- people who were unsuccessful was 25.2 per cent., and of those who effected compromises 65.6 per cent. The following Table shows for a period of ten years the pro- portion of persons directly involved in disputes which resulted in favour of the workpeople or of the employers, respectively, or were compromised :- Proportion of Workpeople directly involved in Disputes which were Year. Settled in Settled in C Indefinite favour of the favour of the om- d Or Workpeople. Employers. promised. Unsettled. Per cent. Per cent. Per cent. Per cent. 1899 ... & Cº º © º ſº 26 - 7 44 - 1 29 - 1 0 - 1 1900 ... * tº ſº tº º º 30 - 1 27 - 5 41 ° 9 0 - 5 1901 ... & © º ... 27' 5 34 - 7 37 - 3 0 - 5 1902 ... tº gº tº we ſº tº 31 'S 31 - 8 36 - 1 0 - 3 1903 ... gº º º s & e 31 - 2 48 - 1 20 - 7 0 - 0 1904 ... ... ... . . . . 27° 3 41 - 7 30 - 9 0 - 1 1905 ... * * * ... 24 - 7 34 - 0 41 - 2 0 - I 1906 ... * & © * † tº 42 - 5 24 - 5 33 - 0 0 - 0 1907*... * @ º tº º º 32 - 7 27 - 3 40' 0 0 - 0 1908 ... ę & © is e ſº 8 - 5 25 - 2 65 - 6 0 - 7 * The figures for 1907 have been revised to include the results of a dispute which was settled after the Report for that year was issued. It will be seen that in 1908 the proportion of workpeople successful was much lower, and the proportion of workpeople who effected compromises much higher than in any other year of the period under review. The high proportion of workpeople 18 GENERAL REPORT. who arranged compromises on the questions in dispute is due entirely to the dispute in the cotton spinning industry, which accounted for three-fourths of the workpeople who settled their disputes in this manner. The following Table shows for 1908 the results obtained in the various groups of trades :- Percentage of Workpeople directly involved in Disputes beginning in 1908, the - Results of which were— Groups of Trades. In favour | In favour Com- O of ised Unsettled. Workpeople. Employers. promised. Building tº º º 2 - 7 30 - 6 66 - 7 tº & Gº Mining and quarrying 24 - 7 38 - 5 34°4 2 - 4 Metal, engineering, and 2 - 1 86 - 0 11 - 7 0-2 shipbuilding. Textile tº $ tº e - tº tº º ſº 1 - 9 1 - 9 96 - 2 Clothing e tº tº e tº º © Cº º 23 - 1 49 - 8. - 27 - 1 Transport * tº . is º º & © Tº 5 - 6 21 - 0 73 - 4 Miscellaneous Trades tº º ſº 6 3 57 - 0 36 - 7 Employees of local autho- tº tº tº dº tº 100 - 0 rities. All Trades 8 - 5 25 - 2 65 • 6 0 - 7 The high percentage of workpeople involved in unsuccessful disputes in the metal, engineering and shipbuilding trades was due to the disputes in the engineering and North-East Coast. Methods of Settlement of Disputes. shipbuilding trades on the The following Table shows the methods by which the disputes beginning in each of the years 1899–1908 were settled : — By direct t B arrangemen - y return or negotia- B #; to Work on re i.e. By In- - Year. |tion between Arira- Or employers' #. closing|definite Total e the parties tion Media- terms of wºrk-l. 9ſ. |9.Whº | º Or their ~~~~ tion. Without eople works.] settled. ' representa- negotiation. P999°. tives. Number of Disputes. 1899 e 564 I6 22 22 91 3 I 719 1900 488 19 13 46 74 4 4 648 1901 gº º 456 25 18 45 92 5 I 642 1902 gº tº 319 16 13 40 50 8 1 442 1903 270 18 8 36 50 5 tº tº 387 1904 g 227 15 12 27 67 6 1 355 1905 ſº 220 9 22 47 53 3 4 358. 1906 e 340 17 23 39 60 3 4 486 1907? tº e 395 14 31 70 84 6 1. 601 1908 * @ 247 24 33 40 43 6 6 399 * The figures for 1907 have been revised so as to include one dispute which was settled after the Report for that year was issued. BESULTS OF DISPUTES. 19 By direct t B t arrangemen º- y return or negotia- T} § to work on |r ofte- By In- Year tion between Arira- OT employers' In 611 tº closing definite Totai e the parties tion Media- terms of work- or Un- $ or their e tion without eople works, settled, representa- e negotiation. people. tives. Number of Workpeople directly Involved. 1899 & e 120,418 2,309 5,835 5,198 4,205 75 18 138,058 T900 s tº 109,924 5,562 4,799 9,442 4.425 220 773 || 135,145 1901 dº º 85,087 7,609 7,851 4,492 4,765 1,093 540 111,437 1902 tº º 98,270 4 2,641 9,310 3,928 228 29 || 116,824 1903 64, 18,047 1,401 6,989 2,378 24I 93,515 1904 e 43,589 9 3,179 4,495 3. 672 26 B6,380 1905 tº º 48,155 3. 8,752 5,55 2,126 714 132 3. 1906 tº º 129,614 4,611 3,674 17,293 2,497 I28 55 157,872 1907* ... 74,160 2,115 11,337 3. 3,325 461 350 100,728 1908 tº º 54,746 7,675 150,166 7.338 2,057 371 1,616 223,969 * The figures for 1907 have been revised so as to include one dispute which was settled after the Report for that year was issued. As usual the great majority of disputes were settled by direct negotiations between the parties involved or their representatives. Of the 399 disputes which began in 1908, 247, or 62 per cent., were settled in this manner, but the proportion of workpeople involved in these settlements was much lower than usual, being only 24 per cent. as compared with 74 per cent. in 1907, 82 per cent. in 1906 and 71 per cent. in 1905. The number of disputes settled by arbitration was higher than for any of the six previous years, while the number of work- people involved therein was the highest of the 10 years with the exception of 1903. The number of disputes settled by conciliation or mediation showed a small increase on the previous year, while the number of workpeople involved in such settlements was the highest on record with the exception of the year 1893. This high figure for 1908 was due to the disputes in the engineering, ship- building and cotton trades, all of which were settled by the media- tion of third parties. The proportion of workpeople involved in disputes in 1908 settled by conciliation or mediation was 67 per cent., in disputes settled by arbitration 3 per cent. These figures relate only to disputes which began in the years given ; particulars of all disputes settled by conciliation or arbitration within the year, irrespective of the date of commencement, are given on page 35. 20 DETAILED REPORT. Building Trades. The building trades in 1908 again experienced comparative immunity from disputes causing a stoppage of work, and although there was an increase over the two previous years in respect of numbers involved and aggregate duration, the figures for 1908 were quite insignificant when compared with the total number of work- people employed in these trades. This freedom from disputes is attributable partly to the development since 1905 of a system of Conciliation Boards, and partly to the depression in these trades which has continued for the past six or seven years. Compared with 1899, the first year of the decade for which statistics are given in the Table below, the figures for 1908 show a falling off in every respect of about 90 per cent. The following Table shows the number and magnitude of disputes in the building trades for the ten years 1899–1908:— Aggregate Number Number of Workpeople Involved. i. in Year Of Working Days & Disputes of all Disputes ſº º tº t in progress in Directly. Indirectly. Total. each year.” 1899 180 26,780 3,744 30,524 852,625 1,582 1900 146 16,273 2,905 19,178 700,763 25,864 1901 104 8,864 933 9,797 407,552 167,296 1902 39 4,829 527 5,356 94,725 21,135 1903 44 3,313 350 3,663 114,371 1904 37 6,419 2,278 8,697 345,253 260 1905 31 6,061 576 6,637 412,321 312 1906 19 1,382 59 1,441 46,126 10,075 1907 22 1,158 72 1,230 22,983 145 1908 19 2,714 178 2,892 73,063 856 * Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10. Of the 19 disputes in this group, painters were involved in eight cases, carpenters and joiners in four, bricklayers and labourers in three, slaters in two, and plumbers in one, while one dispute involved several branches of the building trades. - MINING AND QUARRYING. 21 The following Table summarises the causes and results of disputes in this group of trades:— - Number of Workpeople directly involved in Disputes beginning - in 1908, the results of which Total #;" Principal Cause Number Were— Nu ; of . OTR- orking OF of f In f In C § #: of all & - 2, WOilf 3, VOUlf ODºl- tréCtly isputes in Object. Disputes. of of - involved. |} progress Work- Em- promised. in 1908.* people. ployers. - - Wages: . For increase .. * * 13 9 tº 678 1,485 2,163 54,054 System of payment.. 1 tº º 37 e s 37 300 Total, Wages .. 14 º º i 715 1,485 2,200 54,354 Working arrangements, 3. 60 16 325 401 16,870 rules, and discipline. - - - Other causes .. © ſº 2 . 13 100 • 4 . . 113 . 1,839 - 856 Total, Building Trades 19 73 831 1,810 2,714 73,063 - : - : • … • - 856 Percentages ... .. ... 2:7 30°6 66.7 100'0 * Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10. Of the 19 disputes in these trades in 1908, fourteen, accounting for 81 per cent. of all the workpeople involved in the disputes of the group, arose on questions of wages. Thirteen of these were in support of demands for advances in wages, and of the workpeople involved therein 69 per cent... effected compromises, while 31 per cent. were unsuccessful. Three disputes arose on details of working arrangements, and one each on a question of hours of labour and of Trade Union principle. Taking all the disputes of the group together, only 27 per cent. of the workpeople directly involved were successful in attaining their object, while 30.6 per cent. were unsuccessful, and 66.7 per cent. effected compromises. . - Mining and Quarrying. During 1908 conditions were more unsettled in these industries than in the five previous years. Although there were no large general disputes in which the miners as a body were concerned, some of those which were confined within purely local limits involved a considerable number of workpeople and had a high aggregate duration. The figures for 1908, though lower than those recorded in 1901 and 1902, show an increase in every respect as compared with the averages of the nine preceding years. 22 , , DETAILED REPORT, Comparative figures as to numbers and duration for ten years are given in the following Table :- . . . . . . . Number of Workpeople involved. Agglºg” Number Duration in Year Of . - Working Days of ge Disputes. ns...... I r. ss...., all Disputes in putes. Directly. |Indirectly. Total. progress in each . - year.” 1899... ... ... 109 27,020 | 19,811 46,831 300,826 ... -- - - - - . . . . . . . ** - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - . . . . . . . . . . . . .203,602. . . . . 1900... e tº tº ... 136 45,455 28,909 74,364 545,325 7,607 1901,.. ... ... . . 210 62,065 50,916 112,981 | . , 1,820,372 : - - 265,741 1902... & G tº tº ºr e 168 85,517 | 123,009 208,526 2,218,326 331,721 1903... o “º º ... . . . 125 49,995 13,583 63,578. 692,178 705,720 1904... tº º º e tº º 113 26,131 20,156 46,287 533,703 - . 123,582 1905,.. tº e º tº tº e 106 34,069 10,722 44,791 1,167,340 88,174 1906... tº ſº tº gº tº ſº 96 64,056 19,777 83,833 . , 629,764 - 292,338 1907... tº e e tº º ºs 112 35,629 16,938 || 52,567 466,526 - 102,535 1908... & Cº º tº tº e 145 60,474 26,548 87,022 1,271,979 | 79,450 :K Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10. Rather more than one-third of the total number of disputes, about two-sevenths of the workpeople involved, and about one- eighth of the aggregate duration of all the disputes in the year were accounted for by these industries. - The relative importance of the disputes in each section of this. group of trades is shown in the following Table:– . Number of Workpeople involved. Agg regate Branch Number - - Duration IIl of of ... : . . . . . . º . - + . . . . e ~. . º or all disputes Industry. Disp utes. Directly. |Indirectly. Total. in progress in 1908.* Coal Mining ... 136 59,729 26,360 | 86,089 1,243,790 - 31,318 Other Mining (iron, 6 564 158 722 30767 &c.). 30,484 Quarrying ... tº e 3 181 > 30 211 7,422 17,648 Total ... ... 145 60,474 26,548 87,022 1,271,979 - 79,450 • Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10. Coal mining was responsible for 94 per cent. of the total number of disputes, for 99 per cent. of the total number of workpeople involved, and for 94 per cent. of the aggregate duration in this group. As compared with the previous year there was a large MINING AND QUARRYING. 23 increase in the number of disputes in the coal mining industry, while the number of workpeople involved in 1908 was nearly double, and the aggregate duration of these disputes more than double, that recorded in 1907. Disputes in other mining and quarrying industries were few, and the comparatively high aggregate duration for these was due to disputes which began in 1907 and extended into the following year. As shown above, the coal mining industry has a greatly prepon- derating influence in the disputes of this group and it is therefore convenient to deal separately with the causes and results of disputes in this industry. This is done in the following Table:– GOAL MINING. Number of Workpeople directly involved in Disputes beginning in 1908, the results of which Total || Aggrégate Principal Cause Number || * Were— Number Pº 1I] of Work- orking Or of people Days In In directly of all Object, Disputes. favour favour Com- iſ.” || | Disputes of of * volved,” || In prºßs Work– Em- promised. * in 1908.f people. ployers. Wages:— For increase . . * e 19 8 1,497 4,308 5,813 363.559 1,644 Against decrease .. 20 579 1,061 2,061 3,701 236,792 Re - adjustment of 26 396 1,934 7,876 11,083 320,395 TºtòS, Other . . & tº º 13 330 457 347 1,410 34,864 Total, Wages ë tº 78 1,313 4,949 14,592 22,007 955,610 - I,644 Hours of labour.. © tº 5 | 71 5,820 1,012 6,903 29,664 Employment of particu- Il | 1,598 2,397 1,746 5,741 45,028 lar classes Or perSonS. - Working arrangements, 23 | 2,416 6,203 1,564 10,183 125,699 rules, and discipline. 28,000 Trade Unionism.. -* * 16 9,519 tº º 1,580 11,389 66,825 1,674 Other tº º tº º tº ºn 3 * * 3,506 ſº tº 3,506 20,964 ſº Total, Coal Mining .. 136 14,917 22,875 20,494 59,729 || 1,243,790 31,318 Percentages gº tº tº º tº gº 25°0 38°3 34°3 I00'0 tº º ...nº Workpeople involved in disputes which remain unsettled or had no definite Settlement. † Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10. Of the 136 disputes in the coal mining industry in 1908, 78 (or 57 per cent.) arose on questions of wages, and these accounted for 37 per cent. of the workpeople directly involved in all the disputes in this industry, and for 75 per cent. of their aggregate duration. As regards the wages disputes the figures for 1908 show an increase over those of the previous year in every respect. Questions of re-adjustment on account of greater or less difficulty in working were the most numerous, and involved the greatest number of 24 DETAILED REPORT. workpeople. The highest aggregate duration, however, occurred in the case of disputes in which a direct advance in wages was being sought, and this was due largely to one dispute which alone accounted for more than half of the aggregate duration of disputes arising from this cause. The majority of the workpeople engaged in both the above classes of wages disputes, and also in disputes in which resistance was offered to proposed reductions in wages, effected compromises. Taking all the wages disputes together 6 per cent. of the workpeople involved were successful, 23 per cent. were unsuccessful, and 66 per cent. effected com- promises. - - . . . . . . Next in importance to wages disputes are cases of refusal to work with non-unionists, or in which other Trade Union principles are involved. As in previous years the majority of these disputes occurred in the South Wales coalfield, but the number of work- people involved therein showed a decrease as compared with that recorded in 1907 for this district. In one of the 16 disputes arising under this head, the workpeople directly involved effected a com- promise; another dispute still remains unsettled; in all the other disputes the strikers were successful in attaining their object. - Disputes on questions of the employment of particular classes or persons, and on details of working arrangements, were rather more numerous than in 1907, and accounted for a larger number of workpeople involved and a higher aggregate duration. In the former class of dispute 28 per cent. of the workpeople involved were successful, 42 per cent. were unsuccessful, and 30 per cent. effected compromises; in the latter class of disputes the balance of success lay on the whole with the employers. Taking all the coal mining disputes of the year together, and excluding disputes between trade unionists and non-unionists (where the differences lay between different classes of workpeople) it is found that 11 per cent. of the workpeople were successful, 47 per cent. unsuccessful, and 39 per cent, effected comprises. Metal, Engineering, and Shipbuilding. Owing to the great disputes in the engineering and shipbuilding industries of the North-East Coast, in which, the workpeople were resisting a proposed reduction in wages, the number of workpeople involved in disputes in the metal industries in 1908 and the aggre- gate duration of the disputes were the highest recorded for these industries except for 1897, the year of the general dispute in the engineering trades. The shipbuilding dispute, which began on the North-East Coast in January, and extended to all the important shipyards in Great Britain in May, involved 35,000 workpeople, and had an aggregate duration of over 1,700,000 working days; while the engineering dispute, which was confined to the North- East Coast, involved 11,000 workpeople, lasted 179 days, and also caused a loss of over 1,700,000 working days. Apart from these disputes, the figures for 1908 showed a great decrease compared with those of the two previous years, and were, in all respects, much below the average of the nine previous years, METAL, ENGINEERING AND SHIPBUILDING. 25 Comparative figures as to numbers involved and aggregate duration of disputes are given in the following Table :- Number of Workpeople involved. Aggregate Duration in Year Number of Working Days of ſº Disputes. all Disputes in Directly. Indirectly. Total. |Pºº. * year. 1899... 140 J4,427 6,692 21,119 387,469 33,191 1900... 111 10,400 9,410 | 19,810 308,098 41,032 1901... 103 13,720 8,769 22,489 477,843 123,710 1902, .. 71 9,630 6,284 15,914 407,234 13,128 1903 .. 87 27,756 4,624 32,380 319,795 161,221 1904 .. 75 8,649 3,481 12,130 156,126 29,303 1905... 70 7,458 5,295 12,753 389,951 77.620 1906... 125 23,389 18,660 || 42,049 1,113,268 5,014 1907... 134 11,898 7,678 19,576 357,359 110,274 1908... 62 29,020 29,318 58,338 3,793,835 41,826 * Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10. The disputes of this group were about one-sixth of all the disputes in 1908, and accounted for 20 per cent. of the workpeople involved, and for 35 per cent. of the aggregate duration of all the disputes of the year. The extent to which the various industries comprised in the group were affected is shown in the following Table :- Number |Number of Workpeople involved. º:;', Trade, of Working Days of Disputes. all Disputes in Directly. Indirectly. Total. progress in 1908.* Pig iron manufacture l I31 10 141 4,230 29,670 Iron and steel manu- 7 1,759 J,839 3,598 8 [,119 facture. Engineering and ship- 47 26,077 26,595 52,672 3,631, 156 building. 7,986 Timplate making tº º 0. • e - * - e. tº $ tº - - - Other metal trades ... 7 1,053 874 1,927 71,030 * 4,170 Total 62 29,020 29,318 58,338 3,793,835 41,826 * Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. 12670 C See also note on p. 10. 26 DETAILED ſºlº PORT, The engineering and shipbuilding trades accounted for 90 per cent. of the number of workpeople involved in all the disputes of the group, and for 95 per cent. of the aggregate duration, the high proportion being due solely to the disputes on the North-East Coast already referred to. The figures for iron and steel manufacture showed a considerable increase upon those of the previous year, for which a dispute involving, directly and indirectly, over 1,700 steel workers at Workington was largely responsible. As compared with the previous year the aggregate duration of disputes in other metal trades also showed a large increase, the comparatively high figure for 1908 being due mainly to a dispute affecting over 1,100 range fitters, &c., at Falkirk. The disputes in the engineering and shipbuilding trades have much in common, and as they have a preponderating influence on the figures of the groups, it is convenient to take them separately in analysing the causes and results of disputes. This is done in the following Table :- ENGINEERING AND SEIIPBUILDING. Number of Workpeople directly involved in Disputes beginning in 1908, the results of which Total # egate Principal Cause Number WeI'6— Number usion O g * Working OT Of In In ; Days of all Object, Disputes. tºur fºur Com- directly Piºn Work- Em- promised. involved. in 1908.* people. ployers, | Wages : | For increase .. tº y 5 e tº 57 371 428 38,175 2,822 Against decrease .. 15 |, 12 22,231 257 22,500 Bº: 1,33 Other .. * * tº º 6 || * * 250 467 717 | 7; . Total, Wages .. 96 12 22,538 1,095 23,645 3,596,316 | 4,646 Employment of par- 8 200 105 1,293 1,598 | 22,596 ticular classes or persons, Working arrangements, 2 104 124 & © 228 4,220 rules, and discipline, Trade Unionism .. 4 * * 170 tº ſº 170 694 | Other Causes .. tº º 7 92 344 tº sº, 486 || 10,630 -º-ººs | 3,340 Total, Engineering 47 408 23,281 2.388 26.077 || 3,634.456 and Shipbuilding. 9 ~~~ || -- “º | • . Percentages .. s-76 S9°3 9"I 100" () tº a * Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10. Of the 47 disputes in these trades in 1908, 26 arose on questions of wages, and accounted for 91 per cent. of the workpeople involved in, and for 99 per cent, of the aggregate duration of all the TEXTILE TRADES, 27 disputes in these trades. These high percentages were due to the preponderating influence of the disputes on the North-East Coast, which were responsible for 81 per cent. of the workpeople directly involved in all the disputes in these trades, and for 94 per cent. of their aggregate duration. Employment in the engineering and shipbuilding trades was very bad throughout the year, and this is reflected not only in the high percentage of workpeople involved in disputes in which proposed reductions in wages were being resisted, but in the small proportion of those who struck for advances in wages. Even when the figures for the North-East Coast disputes are eliminated, the proportion of workpeople involved in the former class of disputes is much higher than in the latter. Of the 21 disputes on questions other than wages, 8 arose on questions of the employment of particular classes or persons, 2 on details of working arrangements, 4 on questions of Trade Union principle, and 7 from other causes. The numbers involved in these disputes were comparatively small. As regards the results-of the disputes in these trades, on questions of wages the workpeople were successful in only one instance involving 12 persons; in the case of nearly 5 per cent. of their num- ber they effected compromises, but the great majority (95 per cent.) were unsuccessful. On questions other than wages the work- people achieved rather more success, but taking all the disputes in these trades together it is found that only 1.6 per cent. of the workpeople were successful, while 89.3 per cent. were unsuccessful, and 9.1 per cent. effected compromises. Eliminating the numbers involved in the North-East Coast disputes, 8 per cent. of the remainder were successful in attaining their object while 45 per cent. were unsuccessful, and 47 per cent. effected compromises. Details of the North-East Coast disputes will be found on pp. 41 to 54. Textile Trades. The number of workpeople involved in disputes in the textile trades in 1908, and the aggregate duration of these disputes, were greater than in any group of industries affected by stoppages of work during the year. The figures are, in fact, the highest on record for the textile industries, the cause being solely the great dispute in the cotton spinning industry, which involved 120,000 workpeople and lasted seven weeks, causing a loss in working time of over 43 million working days. Eliminating the effect of this particular dispute, the number of disputes in these trades in 1908, and the number of workpeople involved therein were below the average of the nine previous years (94 and 31,088 respectively), but the aggregate duration (535,096 days) was higher than the average for the same period (361,014 days). 12670 C 2 28 DETAILED REPORT. Comparative figures showing the numbers involved, and the aggre- gate duration, for 10 years are given in the following Table :- Number of workpeople involved.|Agglºgº. Number of tion in Working Year. umpero Days of all Dis. Disputes. * putes in progress Directly. |Indirectly. Total. in each year.” 1899... tº e & 124 51,822 9,677 61,499 545,837 6,648 1900... ... ... 96 15,571 8,572 24,143 400,928 • 10,440 1901... ... ... 96 11,569 5,040 16,609 222,919 53,444 1902... ... ... 82 8,486 8,220 16,706 209,136 29,244 1903, . tº º º tº º º 55 5,492 3,966 9,458 111,114 5,924 1904... tº º º & © e 52 8,611 4,437 13,048 117,919 3,635 1905... tº º º tº e e 67 10,405 5,381 15,786 126,483 1906... & A & 124 56,889 18,225 75,114 615,025 147,974 1907?.. 153 27,853 19,576 47,429 573,830 68,630 1908... ... ... 69 119,583 13,220 132,803 5,301,434 63,662 * Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10. Of the 69 disputes in these trades in 1908, 33, or 48 per cent., occurred in cotton manufacture, and these accounted for 97 per cent. of all the workpeople involved in the disputes of the group, and for 99 per cent. of their aggregate duration. The other branches of the textile trades experienced comparative freedom from disputes, and the figures for 1908 were, in every respect, much below those of the previous year. The following Table shows the relative importance of the disputes in each branch of the textile trades:— Aggregate Number Number of Workpeople . Duration involved. in Working m=º of Days of all Disputes in Disputes. Directly. |Indirectly. Total. § º; Cotton Spinning ... tº º º 17 112,748 10,378 123,126 4,939,856 35,154 Cotton weaving ... º tº e 16 4,534 1,322 5,856 313,569 24,508 Woollen and worsted 4 102 147 249 2,271 manufacture. 150 Linen and jute manu- 11 801 866 1,667 12,777 facture. Other textile trades gº © tº 7 394 379 773 18,048 Printing, bleaching, dye- 14 1,004 128 1,132 14,913 ing, and finishing. 3,850 Total ... tº 0 tº 69 119,583 13,220 132,803 || 5,301,434 63,662 * Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10, TEXTILE TRADES. 29 The following Table summarises by causes and results the disputes in this group :— . Number of Workpeople directly involved in Disputes beginning in gº 1908, the results of which were- || Total || Aggregate Principal Cause Number Number || Duration w; § Wºº Or of In In OFK- ays or a people disputes Object. Disputes. fºur isºr Com- directly || in progress Work- Em- promised. involved. || in 1908.* people. ployers. Wages:— For increase .. as e 10 1,436 189 2,271 3,896 314,625 35,304 Against decrease .. 8 tº ſº. 179 110,192 110,371 4,845,621 Re-adjustment of 24 72 1,410 1,320 2,802 82,665 TālūCS. 8,600 Other .. tº e gº is 5 * * J33 200 33.3 2,096 3,850 Total, Wages .. 47 1,508 1,911 113,983 117,402 5,245,007 47,754 Employment of par- 12 366 288 943 1,597 46,149 ticular classes Ol' 6,500 perSons. Working arrangements.. 6 365 89 454 6,848 Other causes tº a tº e 4 79 51 & tº I30 3,430 9,408 Total, Textil Trades .. 69 2,318 2,250 | 115,015 119,583 || 5,301,434 Percentages .. tº o I'9 I '9 96°2 100° 0 tº 3 * Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10. As a general rule questions of re-adjustment of wages, principally on account of alleged bad material, are responsible for the greatest amount of industrial disturbance in these trades. In 1908, however, disputes arising out of resistance to proposed reductions in wages accounted for the greatest number of workpeople involved and the highest aggregate duration, this being due to the general dispute in the cotton spinning industry in which the operatives were resisting a proposed reduction in wages of 5 per cent. The disputes arising under this head were responsible for no less than 92 per cent. of the workpeople involved in all the disputes of the group, and for 93 per cent. of their aggregate duration. Disputes arising out of demands for advances in wages were less frequent than in the previous year, and involved a smaller number of workpeople, but had a higher aggregate duration ; while the figures for disputes on questions of re-adjustments of wages showed a falling off in every respect as compared with those of 1907. Taking all the disputes of the year together, only 1.9 per cent. of the workpeople directly involved in them were successful in attaining their object, while 1:9 per cent. were unsuccessful, and 96.2 per cent, effected compromises. These percentages are largely domi- nated by the numbers involved in the cotton spinning dispute, and 30 DETAI LED REPORT. if the figures for this dispute be eliminated, it is found that, of the remainder, 24 per cent, were successful, 24 per cent. unsuccessful, and 52 per cent. arranged compromises. - Details of the cotton spinning dispute will be found on page 55. Clothing Trades. The clothing trades experienced comparatively little disturbance from stoppages of work in 1908, and the number of disputes (32) was only half that recorded in the previous year. Owing to the absence of any large general dispute, such as occurred in the hat trade in 1907, the number of workpeople involved in disputes in 1908 was less than one-half, and the aggregate duration only one-quarter, of that recorded in 1907. The figures for 1908 show an increase upon the average of the five years 1899–1903 (2,763) in respect of num- bers directly involved, but a slight decrease in aggregate duration (the average of the five years being 75,977 working days); com- pared with the averages of the later period 1904–1907 (6,386 workpeople and 113,681 days), they show a considerable decrease in both respects. Comparative statistics for 10 years are given in the following Table :- º Aggregate Number of Workpeople involved. Duration in Year Number of - Working Days º Disputes. of all Disputes º & in progress in Directly. Indirectly. Total. ...; 1899 37 1,454 804 2,258 40,996 1,158 1900 38 2,126 29 2,154 47,253 12,868 1901 39 3,533 602 4,135 84,256 3,12S 1902 23 2,256 534 2,790 53,894 150 1903 25 2,206 270 2,476 119,732 16,450 1904 26 1,368 80 1,448 13,092 II () 1905 29 2,990 550 3,540 71,435 1906 42 7,144 1,768 8,912 92,139 1907 64 10,174 1,469 11,643 277,201 658 1908 32 3,233 1,429 4,662 57,156 12,185 * Including time lost by workpeople indirectly involved, See also note on p. 10. Of the 32 disputes in this group in 1908 the boot and shoe trades were responsible for 21, involving, directly and indirectly, 3,089 persons and with an aggregate duration of 53,287 days. In the tailoring trade three disputes occurred involving, directly and indirectly, 166 persons and having an aggregate duration of 748 days ; other clothing trades accounted for eight disputes, involving, directly and indirectly, 1,407 persons and with an aggregate duration of 15,306 days. - - . C1, OTHING TRADES. 31 The following Table classifies the disputes in this group in 1908 by causes and results – . Number of Workpeople directly involved in Disputes Aggregate is s beginning in 1908, the results Total Duration Trincipal Cause Number of which were— Number in . OT of of Work- Wºº g fa. #ar º: Com #º Of jºis- - - V OIOOl- 1 l/ Object. Disputes, Of Of involved.} : #. * Work- Em- promised. In P; ; people. ployers. III ljuč, Wages:– | | For advance . . . . 7 10 326 29 365 12,317 Against decrease .. tº e 9 185 1,087 280 1,552 13,390 Other .. 4 61 62 123 1,231 255 Total, Wages .. 20 256 1,413 37t 2,040 | 26,938 - 255 EIours of Labour l tº º 33 33 5,500 250 Employment of particular 7 183 104 427 714 17,891 classes or persons. | Working arrangements 3 | 300 60 45 414 5,735 Trade Unionism 1 iſ .. 32 32 1,092 -- II,6S0 Total, Clothing Trades .. 32 748 1,669 876 3,233 5%; I2, I Percentages .. tº º 23'I 49'8 27°1 100'0 tº a * Including time lost by those indirectly involved. See also note on p. 10. Of the 32 disputes in these trades in 1908, 20, involving 63 per cent. of all the workpeople engaged in the disputes of the group, arose on questions of remuneration. Of these 20 disputes, seven were in support of demands for advances in wages, while nine were against proposed reductions; the former, however, involved only 18 per cent. of the workpeople engaged in all wages disputes, while the latter accounted for 76 per cent. Taking the wages disputes together, 13 per cent. of the workpeople were successful, 69 per cent, unsuccessful, and 18 per cent. effected compromises. Seven disputes related to the employment of particular classes or persons, and the majority of the workpeople involved therein effected compromises. - Taking all the disputes of the group together 23.1 per cent. of the workpeople were successful in attaining their object, 49.8 per cent. were unsuccessful, and 27.1 per cent. effected compromises. Transport Trades. Twenty-one disputes in the transport trades were recorded in 1908, involving 4,894 workpeople and having an aggregate duration of 51,634 working days. These figures show a considerable falling off compared with those of the previous year; the number involved in disputes in these trades in 1908 was, however, larger than that recorded in any of the six years 1901–6, while the aggregate 34 DETAILED REPORT, Of the 51 disputes in these various industries, 13 arose out of demands for advances in wages, 11 out of objections to proposed reductions in wages, five were on other wages questions, three on questions of hours of labour, 11 relating to the employment of particular classes or persons, three on details of working arrange- ments, two on questions of Trade Union principle, and in three cases the cause was sympathy with other workpeople on strike. As regards the results of these disputes it may be stated that 6 per cent. of the workpeople involved were successful in attaining their object, 57 per cent, were unsuccessful, and 37 per cent. effected compromises. * -º-º-º-º-º-º-ºr-º-º-º-º: * 35 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. Strikes and Lock-outs Settled by Conciliation or Arbitration. Of the 399 disputes which began in 1908, 57, directly involving 157,841 workpeople, or 70 per cent. of the total directly involved in all the disputes of the year, were brought to a close by concilia- tion—i.e., by the mediation of a third party or Board—or by reference to arbitration. In the case of a number of disputes, however, settlements were not arrived at until 1909; while, on the other hand, some disputes which began in 1907 were settled by conciliation or arbitration in 1908. In previous Reports the disputes have been tabulated according to the year of settlement, irrespective of the date of commence- ment, and in the present volume the same method has been followed. Accordingly, the following Table shows the number of disputes settled by conciliation or arbitration during each of the ten years 1899–1908, together with the number of workpeople involved in such disputes: — Number of Strikes and Number ºpeople Year -Lock-outs settled by º Conciliation or ! Arbitration. Directly. Indirectly. Total. 1899 ... tº º G 40 9,015 3,174 12,189 1900 ... e - e. 30 8,741 4,760 13,501 1901 ... e dº tº 37 14,924 2,793 17,717 1902 ... tº e e 27 3,018 5,264 8,282 1903 ... tº gº tº 28 4,492 3,404 7.896 1904 ... g º ºs 28 21,118 2,270 23,388 1905 ... tº tº º 25 6,978 1,714 8,692 1906 ... tº º e 46 10,777 3,589 14,366 1907 ... . ... 45 13,296 4,257 17,553 1908 ... tº º º 56 158,276 42,003 200,279 It will be seen that the number of disputes settled by concilia- tion or arbitration in 1908, and the number of workpeople involved therein, were the highest in the period 1899-1908. The number involved was greatly increased in 1908 by the inclusion of the disputes in the engineering, shipbuilding, and cotton trades. During the ten years under review conciliatory methods of settling disputes have been adopted more frequently in the mining and quarrying industries than in any other group of trades. Of the 362 disputes, directly involving 250,635 workpeople, settled by conciliation or arbitration during the period 1899-1908, 97, directly involving 38,302 workpeople, occurred in that industry. The building trades come next with 73 disputes, involving 18,253 workpeople, followed by the metal, engineering, and shipbuilding trades with 56 disputes, involving 42,444 people. The textile 34 DETAILED REPORT. Of the 51 disputes in these various industries, 13 arose out of demands for advances in wages, 11 out of objections to proposed reductions in wages, five were on other wages questions, three on. questions of hours of labour, 11 relating to the employment of particular classes or persons, three on details of working arrange- ments, two on questions of Trade Union principle, and in three cases the cause was sympathy with other workpeople on strike. As regards the results of these disputes it may be stated that 6 per cent. of the workpeople involved were successful in attaining their object, 57 per cent, were unsuccessful, and 37 per cent. effected compromises. 35 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. Strikes and Lock-outs Settled by Conciliation or Arbitration. Of the 399 disputes which began in 1908, 57, directly involving 157,841 workpeople, or 70 per cent. of the total directly involved in all the disputes of the year, were brought to a close by concilia- tion—i.e., by the mediation of a third party or Board—or by reference to arbitration. In the case of a number of disputes, however, settlements were not arrived at until 1909; while, on the other hand, some disputes which began in 1907 were settled by conciliation or arbitration in 1908. In previous Reports the disputes have been tabulated according to the year of settlement, irrespective of the date of commence- ment, and in the present volume the same method has been followed. Accordingly, the following Table shows the number of disputes settled by conciliation or arbitration during each of the ten years 1899-1908, together with the number of workpeople involved in such disputes: — Ur º l Number of Strikes and Numbeºp e Year Lock-outs settled by g Conciliation or Arbitration. Directly. Indirectly. Total. 1899 ... * † tº 40 9,015 3,174 12,189 1900 ... tº º º 30 8,741 4,760 13,501 1901 ... e tº gº 37 14,924 2,793 17,717 1902 ... tº º & 27 3,018 5,264 8,282 1903 ... & e 28 4,492 3,404 7.896 1904 ... ºn tº º 28 21,118 2,270 23,388 1905 ... * - ſº 25 6,978 1,714 8,692 1906 ... tº tº º 46 10,777 3,589 14,366 1907 ... e tº 45 13,296 4,257 17,553 1908 ... & sº tº 56 158,276 42,003 200,279 It will be seen that the number of disputes settled by concilia- tion or arbitration in 1908, and the number of workpeople involved therein, were the highest in the period 1899-1908. The number involved was greatly increased in 1908 by the inclusion of the disputes in the engineering, shipbuilding, and cotton trades. During the ten years under review conciliatory methods of settling disputes have been adopted more frequently in the mining and quarrying industries than in any other group of trades. Of the 362 disputes, directly involving 250,635 workpeople, settled by conciliation or arbitration during the period 1899-1908, 97, directly involving 38,302 workpeople, occurred in that industry. The building trades come next with 73 disputes, involving 18,253 workpeople, followed by the metal, engineering, and shipbuilding trades with 56 disputes, involving 42,444 people. The textile 36 DETAII, ED REPORT. trades were responsible for 41 disputes, involving 121,925 work- people, 93 per cent. of whom were accounted for by disputes in 1908. The clothing trades accounted for 40 disputes, involving 10,564 workpeople, and the transport trades for 18 disputes, in- volving 9,616 workpeople. In the following Table disputes settled by conciliation or arbitration, during each of the years 1899-1908 are classified according to the agency employed in the settlement: — Under th º {j In ClOr the & Il Ci Ute IlêI’3, * * * g = By Trade By Conciliation Boards, Trade - -, Total, Year of Act, 1896. Boards. Councils, and Individuals. Federations. Settlement. Concil— Arbi- || Concil-l Arbi- || Concil-| Arbi- || Concil-l Arbi- || Concil—l Arbi- iation. Itration.|| iation. Itration. iation. Itration, iation, ſtration.liation. Itration. NUMBER OF DISPUTES SETTLED. | | 1899 . . . 2 1 || 4 1 4 l 13 14 23 17 1900 * l 3 3 2 l tº tº 9 1 t 14 16 1901 sº 2 | 1 | 7 5 tº º tº tº 3 9 12 25 1902 . . . . . 6 || 8 & & tº tº l 5 7 13 14 1903 ... 1 6 5 5 l I 2 # || 3 || i. 1904 wº 4 6 l & © l 5 11 11 17 1905 . . . 2 ... ii 4 2 e tº l 10 6 | 16 9 1906 te 6 9 3 I 1 18 8 || 23 |8 1907 . 3 6 3 4 3 l 21 4. 30 15 1908 tº ſº. 9 7 7 3 l tº º 18 Il 35 21 NUMBER OF WORKPIEOPLE DIRECTLY INVOLVED. 1899 $ tº 449 700 236 53 515 28 fi,278 1,756 6,478 2,537 1900 tº ºn 375 192 133 1,540 || 70 e ſº 4,289 2,142 4,867 3,874 1901 $ 2 3,180 6,202 | 1,134 728 * & e is 2,165 1,515 6,479 8,445 1902 tº ºn g tº 824 704 & © e ‘º 177 600 713 1,304 || 1,714 1903 & e 90 1,272 343 | 1,360 165 88 310 914 908 || 3,584 1904 . . tº wº 14,749 || 2,434 106 tº º 11 1,333 2,485 3,767 || 17,351 1905 tº tº 499 tº gº 331 740 tº Q 150 4,584 674 5,414 1,564 1906 tº tº * & 2,142 2,828 1,378 55 70 3,434 870 6,317 | 4,460 1907 . . 1,771 493 104 || 1,211 1,256 260 7,830 371 10,961 2,335 1908 ... 24,446 3,264 || 10,588 523 21 c º 116,249 3,185 || 151,304 6,972 The figures for disputes settled by arbitration in 1908 showed an increase upon those of the three previous years; for disputes settled by conciliation they were the highest on record. Of the 56 dis- putes settled by conciliation or arbitration in 1908, 16, involving 27,710 workpeople, were settled under the Conciliation Act, 1896, as compared with 9 disputes, involving 2,264 workpeople, in 1907. Nine of these disputes were settled by conciliators, the most im- portant being the disputes in the engineering and shipbuilding trades of the North-East Coast, in which settlements were effected by the President of the Board of Trade. Seven disputes were Settled by arbitrators or umpires appointed under the Act, among these being disputes directly involving over 1,100 steel workers at Workington, and about 1,500 painters on the Tyne and Wear, and at Blackburn, Burnley, and Oldham. In addition, 45 disputes, not involving a stoppage of work, were also settled under the Con- ciliation Act in 1908, as compared with 22 disputes settled in 1907. It will thus be seen that the Conciliation Act was utilised CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. 37 in 1908 to a far greater extent than in the previous year; in fact, the number of cases dealt with under that Act in 1908 was the highest since the Act was passed in 1896. Permanent Boards of Conciliation settled 11 cases in 1908, while in the remaining 29 cases, including the great cotton spin- ning dispute, the settlements were brought about by individuals. The Work of Permanent Boards of Conciliation and Arbitration. Ö The foregoing figures relate only to disputes in which a stoppage of work was involved, and include all such disputes settled by permanent Boards of Conciliation and Arbitration. The most important function of these Boards, however, is not the settlement of strikes and lock-outs, but their prevention. The following section of this Report accordingly deals with the whole of the work of these Boards, whether the disputes referred to them for settlement did or did not involve a resort to strikes or lock-outs. The most important feature of the year was the formation of Conciliation Boards in connexion with the principal railway com- panies of the United Kingdom. In accordance with the Agreement of November 6th, 1907 (see Report on Strikes and Lock-outs in 1907, p. 50) each of the 46 railway companies adhering thereto grouped their workpeople into grades varying according to circumstances, and for each of the grades a Sectional Conciliation Board was formed. A Central Conciliation Board was also formed for each company to deal with questions which the Sectional Boards were unable to settle. In addition, the North-Eastern Railway Company, which was not a party to the Agreement, has also formed a Board of Conciliation. In most cases the greater portion of the year was occupied in the formation of the Boards, the first elections for which were conducted by the Board of Trade, except in the case of the North-Eastern Railway. On ten railways, however, a number of cases were considered, the majority of which were referred from the Sectional to the Central Boards, and by the latter to the arbitration of a single individual, awards being issued for two railways early in 1909. The number of permanent Boards of Conciliation and Arbitra- tion known to have take action in 1908 was 115, and the number of cases considered by them was 1,812, as compared with 1,545 cases considered by 89 Boards in 1907. Of the 1,812 cases con- sidered in 1908, 554 were settled by the Boards or their Com- mittees, and 254 by Umpires or Arbitrators appointed by them. Of the 808 cases thus settled, only 11 involved a stoppage of work, 7 of these being in the coal mining industry, 3 in the boot and shoe trade, and 1 in the silver working trade. In 806 cases the questions in dispute were withdrawn or settled independently, in 67 cases they were referred to higher Boards, and the re- maining 131 cases were still under consideration at the end of the year. . The cases dealt with vary greatly in importance. Thus, on the one hand, the reduction in wages arranged by the Board for the Coal Trade of the Federated Districts affected 295,000 workpeople; 38 DETAILED REPORT. while, on the other hand, the 310 cases settled by the Durham Miners’ Joint Committee affected in most instances only a few workpeople. The following Table shows the work done in 1908 by the various Boards of Conciliation and Arbitration: – Numlººd, Number of Cases e— Considered| Settled * A rºw- ºf ' Cases. Cases. Considered. settled. TRADE BOARDS. Building & G tº tº º * º tº gº tº 28 18 72 44 Mining and Quarrying s & e tº º te 18 18 1,304 529 Iron and Steel Manufacture... s is e 7 6 20 17 Engineering and Shipbuildin tº $ tº 13 12 103 53 Other Metal Trades ... e & 9 * & e 5 5 43 39 Textile ... tº º ſº tº º º e is º * e > I I 11 6 Boot and Shoe ... tº º ve tº tº tº tº gº tº 18 14 104 76 Tailoring * * * tº $ tº tº tº ſº • * g. I & & tº I tº gº º Railways tº º º tº sº dº tº º tº tº tº º 15 2 108 3 Dock and Riverside Labour ... * tº 3 3 35 32 Other Trades ... * * * tº & E. tº º ſº 3 3 3 8 Total, Trade Boards ... tº ºn tº II2 82 1,804 802 DISTRICT AND GENERAL BOARDS 3 2 8 6 Grand Total ... ... tº e is 115 84 1,812 808 The greatest number of cases settled was, as usual, in the mining and quarrying industries, which accounted for rather more than two-thirds of the total number of cases settled during the year by all the Boards. This preponderance is due to the Joint Committees in the coal trade of Northumberland and . Durham, which deal annually with a large number of cases, and in 1908 settled 438 out of the 529 cases disposed of by all the Boards and Committees in this group. Next in order as regards number of cases settled come the boot and shoe trades with 76 cases—a figure higher than that recorded in any of the six previous years. The Boards in the metal, engineering, and shipbuilding trades settled 79 cases. The Boards in the iron and steel industry accounted for only 17 of these cases, the Smallness of the number being attributable to the careful preliminary sifting of complaints carried on by the operatives’ representatives at the works, and also to the fact that many precedents of general application have now been established. A special feature of the shipbuilding industry is the provision made for dealing with questions of demarcation between the various classes of workpeople employed, Boards and Committees having been formed for this purpose in all the prin- cipal centres of the shipbuilding industry. A considerable amount of useful work was done by Boards in the building trades. During the year 44 cases were settled, the majority of which were dealt with by Boards formed under the National Scheme inaugurated in 1905, - CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. 39 Particulārs of the constitution and methods of procedure of a number of Boards, as well as examples of the cases submitted to them, will be found on pages 128 to 141. The number of Boards which have settled cases during the past ten years, so far as known to the Department, is shown for each group of trades in the following Table:– — lsº 1900. im. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908. TRADE BOARDS. Building tº tº gº tº & s 7 11 9 7 7 9 10 20 20 18 Mining and Quarrying ... ... 10 16 14 16 15 H3 13 18 16 18 Iron and Steel Manufacture ... 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 7 6 6 Engineering and Shipbuilding 9 9 11 i I3 16 10 9 11 : 10 12 Other Metal Trade tº º tº º 7 7 3 3 2 3 1 5 : 3 5 Textile • * * * * * * * * | * * * * * l I 2 1. 2 Í .. 1 Boot and Shoe & © & e ... I 11 10 8 8 8 8 9 8 14 14 Tailoring ſº tº & e tº º & © 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 tº º Railways . . . tº tº tº ſº. * & e tº e is e tº 49. tº º tº º * ºn 2 Dock and Riverside Labour .. 1 4 I 2 1 3 3 2 3 3 Other Trades tº & tº ſe ſº wº tº º • - 5 . 1 2 . . ; 3 Total, Trade Boards ... 53 65 55 58 63 55 57 74 72 82 DISTRICT AND GENERAL 3 || 2 | 2 2 || 2 || 2 || 8 4 : 1 2 BOARDS. - ; Grand Total .. ... 56 67 57 60 65 57 60 78 73 84 During 1908 Boards of Conciliation were formed in connexion with 47 railways. Conciliation Boards were also formed for the building trades at Rochdale and Stockport, for lead miners in Weardale, for sheet metal workers at Blackburn, for cloggers at Wigan, for boot and shoe operatives in the Rushden district, and for the pottery trade of Staffordshire. The following Boards of Conciliation ceased to exist during 1908: —Rochdale Board of Conciliation for the Building Trades, Edinburgh and Leith Plasterers’ Conciliation Board, Board of Conciliation for the Wear Shipbuilding Trade, Conciliation Board of the Brass Roundry Trade, Conciliation Board of the Gas and Electric Light Fittings Trade, Conciliation Board of the Water, Steam, and Beer Fittings Trade, and the Federated Conciliation Board of Jewish Tailors. Other Agencies for settling Disputes. There are also in existence certain arrangements between em- ployers and workpeople for the settlement of disputes by concilia- tory means which do not fall quite within the description of what is usually understood by Conciliation Boards. Such are the arrangements in the cotton and engineering trades. The Joint Committee of employers and operatives in the cotton weaving industry of North and North-East Lancashire, which is consultative only, and is not authorised to come to any final con- clusion on the questions considered, had 6 cases before it in 1908. In the cotton spinning industry the Brooklands Agreement provides for the reference of disputes, over a large portion of Lan- cashire, in the first instance to the secretaries of the local employers’ and operatives’ organisations, or to a joint committee of these organisations; and, failing agreement locally, to a joint 40 DETAILED REPORT. committee of the Federation of Master Cotton Spinners’ Associa- , tions and the Amalgamated Associations of Operatives’ Unions. In all 338 cases were settled in 1908 by the secretaries or the local joint committees, of which 208 involved spinners, 117 card and blowing room operatives, and 13 reelers, winders and warpers. In addition, 21 cases were settled by the jbint committee in Man- chester, of which 9 related to spinners, 10 to card and blowing room operatives, and 2 to reelers, winders, and warpers. In the engineering trade a number of local and central confer- ences were held under the conciliation clause of the revised Terms of Settlement. At the Central Conferences 20 questions were con- sidered and in 5 cases an agreement was arrived at. Three cases were referred back or allowed to drop, and two cases were deferred; in the remaining 10 cases no agreement was arrived at. The questions considered included the following: —Advances and reductions in wages, manning of machines, overtime and nightshift rates, outworking allowances, &c. Reductions in wages were arranged for engineers at Halifax, Birkenhead, and in the Clyde district. 41 IMPORTANT DISPUTES IN 1908. Shipbuilding Dispute, North-East Coast. In December, 1907, the workpeople in the shipbuilding yards of the North-East Coast (with the exception of certain trades on the Wear, in which wages were regulated by a Concilia- tion Board) received notice of a reduction in wages of 5 per cent. off piece prices and 1s. 6d. per week off time rates for skilled men, and 1s. or 6d. in the case of those in lower paid grades, the reduction to take place on January 8th, 1908. Members of the following Trade Unions were affected by this notice :- United Society of Boilermakers and Iron and Steel Shipbuilders. Associated Blacksmiths’ Society of Scotland. Co-operative Smiths' Society. United Kingdom Society of Amalgamated Smiths and Strikers. Amalgamated Society of Engineers (Shipsmiths). United Patternmakers’ Association. General Union of Braziers and Sheet Metal Workers. Amalgamated Union of Cabinetmakers. National Amalgamated Furnishing Trades Association. Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners. Associated Society of Carpenters and Joiners. General Union of Carpenters and Joiners. Amalgamated Society of Mill Sawyers, Woodcutting Machinists and Wood Turners. National Amalgamated Society of Operative House and Ship Painters and Decorators. United Operative Plumbers’ Association. Amalgamated Society of Drillers and Hole Cutters. Associated Shipwrights’ Society. Wear Shipwrights’ Society. Northern United Enginemen’s Association. National Amalgamated Society of Enginemen, Cranemen, Boilermen, and Firemen. National Amalgamated Union of Labour. Gasworkers' and General Labourers’ Union. Negotiations were at once opened by representatives of these Unions with the employers, for the purpose of obtaining some modification in the terms of the reduction. The employers refused to make any concession with regard to the reduction, but extended the notices until January 14th, 1908, to allow the Unions to place the matter before their members, the reduction to come into effect from January 22nd. Negotiations were, however, continued and, on January 15th, 1908, certain modifications were made with regard to the reduction of wages, which the men's representatives under- took to recommend and advise the members of their respective societies to accept. The modified terms were as follows:— Piece Reduction.—Five per cent. off all piece rates, to take effect on and from January 22nd, 1908. Time Reduction.—In the case of those trades to whom notice of 1s. 6d. reduction was given, a reduction of 1s. per week off the time rates on and from January 22nd, and a further 6d. per week on and from the first full pay in March, 1908. In the case of all the other trades the reduction as originally notified to take effect on and from January 22nd, 1908. No reduction off rates 24s. per week and under. 12670 D 42 DETAILED REPORT. ln accordance with the undertaking given by the men's repre- sentatives, a circular recommending and advising the acceptance of these terms was issued with the ballot paper, the result being that societies representing about three-fourths of the aggregate number affected accepted the terms. Members of the following societies on the Tyne and Tees and at Hartlepool, however, rejected the terms by a large majority and some 5,000 ceased work on January 21st, 1908 :— - Associated Shipwrights’ Society. Wear Shipwrights' Society (Hartlepool District). Millsawyers and Woodcutting Machinists. National Amalgamated Furnishing Trades Association. Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners. Associated 3 y 5 5 5 3 General Union 5 5 5 5 Amalgamated Cabinetmakers. Braziers and Sheet Metal Workers. On December 26th, 1907, the Wear Conciliation Board agreed that the shipwrights, joiners, drillers and painters belonging to the Board should have a reduction of 1s. per week. On January 20th, 1908, the employers gave three months’ notice to terminate this Board, in order that the questions in dispute should be dealt with on a national basis. The strike of the woodworkers continued without change until February 1st, when the following notice was posted at the federated yards on the Tyne, Tees and Wear, and at Blyth and the Hartle- pools : — - Owing to the impossibility of carrying on work in consequence of the stoppage by shipwrights, joiners, cabinetmakers, woodworking machinists, etc., it is hereby notified that the services of all workmen in this shipbuilding yard will be dispensed with at stopping time on Saturday, February 15th, 1908. The President of the Board of Trade had from the commence- ment of the difficulty kept himself fully informed of the proceedings, and during February and March had several interviews in London with the representatives of both sides. - On February 14th the employers conferred at Newcastle with a deputation from the workpeople on strike, and as a result passed the following resolutions:– - 1. The employers are prepared to meet in conference on Friday next if the deputation will pledge themselves to do their best to obtain full- power to settle the present dispute. * 2. That in consideration of the great distress that would result from total suspension of work, and in the hope that a conference would result in a settlement, the employers have decided to postpone the closing notices for a week. In reply to the first resolution the men wrote stating their inability to assent to the proposals made by the shipbuilders, but agreeing to meet them to see if some definite basis could be arrived at whereby the difference might be adjusted. The employers then made an appointment for a joint conference on February 21st. After the termination of this conference the employers issued the following resolution :- That, in view of the fact that the trades concerned have intimated that they withdraw all their previous offers, and have asked for a counter proposal from the employers, we intimate to the deputation IMPORTANT DISPUTES IN 1908. 43 \ that our counter proposal is that in future in the North-East Coast associated shipyards the trades now on strike will be paid the same rates and work under the same conditions as on the Clyde. This resolution was a demand for a reduction of double that originally sought in the case of shipwrights, while in the case of joiners, millsawyers, and cabinetmakers the proposed reduction became 2s. 6d. instead of 1s. 6d. At the same time the employers issued the following further resolution :- That, in view of the existing distress through the depression in ship- building, the employers will continue to employ men of the trades with which they have no dispute, as circumstances will permit. Further complications arose at this time through the ship repairers becoming involved, resulting in a considerable increase in the number idle through the dispute. On March 25th a conference took place between representatives of the Shipbuilding Employers' Federation and of the men, at Edinburgh. At this conference the employers submitted the following state- ment, and requested a reply by April 25th :— The Executive Board of the Shipbuilding Employers' Federation, after hearing your views, and after carefully considering the whole circumstances under which the Tyne and the Tees and the Hartlepool employers claimed a reduction, equal to the amount of the last advance, namely: – 18. 6d. per week reduction in the wages of shipwrights, joiners, cabinetmakers, and woodcutting machinists in the Tyne and Tees and Hartlepool districts, and 1s. and 5 per cent. reduction in the wages of drillers in the Tyne district, consider that the reduction is fully justified and should be accepted. In the event of the Societies concerned not accepting the reduction the Federation will take extreme steps in support of the two Associations. This was placed before the North-East Coast members of all the societies involved, the ballot paper admitting the following alternatives :— 1. For agreeing to the Shipbuilding Employers' Federation’s proposi- tion. " 2. For empowering the Central Committee to endeavour to secure the best terms possible. 3. Against both the above propositions, which means a continuation of the dispute. The result of the ballot was published on April 5th as follows:– For acceptance of reduction... tº & & er e g tº & & 304 For giving plenary powers to Central Committee s & wº 914 For continuance of strike ... * * * tº it e ... 5,284 A meeting of the executives of the Unions affected was then held at Manchester on April 8th, when it was resolved that a national vote of the members be taken on the following pro- positions:— 1. For agreeing to the Shipbuilding Employers' Federation's demand—“That the North-East Coast men accept the reduction notified.” 2. For referring the reduction demanded to arbitration, including an arrangement to prevent future stoppages. (It being understood that if this proposition is carried, the threat of the Employers' Federation may be put into effect.) 12670 D 2 44 D ETAI L I3 D REPORT. The result showed a very large majority in favour of the second proposal, and was made known to the employers at a conference at Carlisle on April 24th. 0. The employers, however, adhering to their former attitude, declined to submit matters to arbitration, and decided to lock out the members of the Unions involved from all the Federated yards, embracing the North-East Coast, the Clyde, the Humber, East Scotland, Barrow and Birkenhead. The Wear yards were also now included, as the notice given by the employers to terminate the Conciliation Board had expired. In accordance with this decision the following notice was posted at all Federated yards on April 25th :— The societies representing the trades at present on strike in certain yards of the federated employers, having rejected the proposals made by the Federation at the recent conference in Edinburgh for a settlement of the sectional wages strike in the Tyne, Tees and Hartlepool dis- tricts, the Federation has resolved that the services of the members of the following societies employed in the federated shipyards be dispensed with after Saturday, May 2nd, 1908.f On April 29th, the President of the Board of Trade had inter- views with certain representatives of both parties, and proposals were made which were considered by the employers at a meeting of the Executive Emergency Committee at Newcastle on April 30th. A further meeting of the Executive Board of the Shipbuilding Employers’ Federation was held at Carlisle on May 1st, at which Mr. Wilson Fox, of the Board of Trade, was present. It was not, however, found possible to effect a settlement, and the lock-out came into operation on May 4th. It was then arranged that representa- tives of both sides should meet the President of the Board of Trade in London; accordingly meetings took place at the Board of Trade offices on May 6th and May 11th, and on the latter date the men's representatives agreed to submit the following proposals to a vote of their members :— 1. The men to return to work at a reduction of 1s. 6d. per week. 2. Within two weeks after resumption of work a joint conference to be held between the Shipbuilding Employers' Federation and repre- sentatives of the various branches of the shipbuilding trade, with a view to the setting up of permanent machinery, fair to both employers and employees, to deal with all future questions that may arise in the shipbuilding trade. Both parties to be free to make any proposal as to constitution of their machinery. Each side to have their own chair- man, Seleased from among themselves. If any branch of the shipbuilding industry declines to be represented at the conference for the creation of the permanent machinery above mentioned, this fact shall in no way prevent the conference being held, or render it in any way abortive. .Addendum—Should a deadlock unfortunately arise at the conference With regard to any question of procedure, the President of the Board of Trade would address a friendly invitation to the parties before the Conference is broken off to discuss the difficulty with him with a view to arriving at a solution. The result of the ballot was as follows:– 24,145 in favour of acceptance, and 22,110 against acceptance. f The names of the Trade Unions concerned (see p. 42) were appended, IMPORTANT DISPUTES IN 1908. 45 On May 27th the President of the Board of Trade had inter- views with representatives of both sides for the purpose of making arrangements for the immediate resumption of work. It was then arranged that the men's representatives should meet the employers on May 28th, at Carlisle, and at this meeting arrangements were made for opening the yards on June 1st. . . Subsequently, negotiations were entered into, between the Em- ployers' Federation and the representatives of all the Trade Unions in the shipyards except the labourers, and eventually the agreement given below was provisionally signed on December 16th, and, after submission to a ballot of the workpeople, was ratified by both parties on March 9th, 1909. The following is the text of the agreement:– The Federation and the Unions recognising that it is in the best interests of both Employers and Workmen that arrangements should be made whereby questions arising may be fully discussed and settled without stoppages of work HEREBY AGREE AS FOLLOWS : — I.—GENERAL FLUCTUATIONS IN WAGES. (1) Changes in wages due to the general conditions of the Ship: building Industry shall be termed general fluctuations. Such general fluctuations in wages shall apply to all the trades comprised in this Agreement and to every Federated firm at the same time and to the same extent. * Differences in rates of wages in any trade in different districts can be dealt with as heretofore under Clause II., Section 3. (2.) In the case of all such general fluctuations the following pro- visions and procedure shall apply, viz.:- (a.) No step towards an alteration in wages can be taken until after the lapse of six calendar months from the date of the previous general fluctuation. (b.) Before an application for an alteration can be made, there shall be a preliminary conference between the Federation and the Unions, in order to discuss the position generally. Such conference shall be held within 14 days of the request for same. (0.) No application for an alteration shall be competent until the foregoing preliminary conference has been held, and no alteration shall take effect within six weeks of the date of the application. - (d.) The application for a proposed alteration shall be made as follows:– The Federation to the Unions parties to this Agreement; Ol' The said Unions to the Federation. (e.) Within fourteen days after the receipt of an application the parties shall meet in Conference. (f) The Conference may be adjourned by mutual agreement, such adjourned Conference to be held within 14 days thereafter. (9.) Any general fluctuation in tradesmen’s rates shall be of the following fixed amount, viz.:- Piecework Rates ... ... 5 per cent. ; and Time Rates... tº ſº e ... 18. per week, or 4d. per hour where payment is made by the hour. II.-QUESTIONS OTHER THAN GENERAL FLuctuations IN WAGES. (1) When any question is raised by or on behalf of either an em- ployer or employers, or of a workman or Workmen, the following pro- cedure shall be observed, viz.:- (a.) A Workman or deputation of workmen shall be received by their employers in the yard or at the place where a question has arisen, by appointment, for the mutual discussion of any 46 DETAILED IREPORT. question in the settlement of which both parties, are directly concerned; and failing arrangement, a further endeavour may, if desired, be then made to negotiate a settlement by a meet- ing between the Employer, with or without an Official, of the Local Association, on the one hand, and the Official Delegate, or other Official of the workmen concerned, with or without the workman or workmen directly concerned, as deemed necessary. de (b.) Failing settlement, the question shall be referred to a Joint Committee consisting of three employers and three represen- tatives of the Union or of each of the Unions directly con- cerned, none of whom shall be connected with the yard or dock where the dispute has arisen. (c.) Failing settlement under Sub-section (b.) the question shall be brought before the Employers' Local Association and the responsible Local Representatives of the Union or Unions directly concerned in Local Conference. (d.) Failing settlement at Local Conference, it shall be competent for either party to refer the question to a Central Confer- ence to be held between the Executive Board of the Federa- tion and representatives of the Union or Unions directly concerned, such representatives to have executive power. (2.) If the question is in its nature a general one affecting more than one yard or dock, it shall be competent to raise it direct in Local Conference, or if it is general and affecting the Federated Firms or Workmen in more than one district, it shall be competent to raise it direct in Central Conference without in either case going through the prior procedure above provided for. (3.) The questions hereby covered shall extend to all questions re- lating to Wages, including District alterations in Wages and other matters in the Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing trade, which may give rise to disputes. - III.—GRAND CONFERENCE. In the event of failure to settle any question in Central Conference under Clause II., Section 1, Sub-section (d.), either party desirous to have such question further considered, shall, prior to any stoppage of work, refer same for final settlement to a Grand Conference to be held between the Federation and all the Unions parties to this Agreement. A Conference may by mutual agreement be adjourned. On any occasion when a settlement has not been reached, the Con- ference must be adjourned to a date not earlier than 14 days nor later than one month from the date of such Conference. IV.-PIECE work QUESTIONs—SETTLEMENT OF. The existing local arrangements for dealing with questions arising out of Piece Price Lists, or in connection with Piece Prices or Piece- work, may continue, or be established, with the following further provisions, viz.:- Failing settlement of any such question under the arrangements already existing, same shall be referred to a Joint Committee in accordance with Clause II., Section 1, Sub-section (b.), and, if need be, the further procedure under same Clause, Section 1, Sub-sections (c.) and (d.), and Clause III. NOTE.-In districts where there is a Standing Committee, the ques- tion instead of being referred to (b.) will be dealt with under (c.), and, if need be, the further procedure named. The settlement shall be retrospective. Any claim for alteration of price must be made before the commence- ment of the job. The price to be paid during the time the question is under discussion shall, failing agreement between the employer and workman or work- men concerned, be fixed in the following manner, viz.:- . Two or three employers not connected with the Yard where the ques- tion has arisen shall give a temporary decision as to the price to be IMPORTANT DISPUTES IN 1908. 47 * paid, but said decision shall be without prejudice to either party, and shall not be adduced in evidence in the ultimate settlement of the question. - W.—DEMARCATION QUESTIONS. The existing local arrangements for the settlement of questions with respect to the demarcation of work shall continue meantime. VI.-GENERAL PROVISIONS. At all Meetings and Conferences the representatives of both sides shall have full powers to settle, but it shall be in their discretion whether or not they conclude a settlement. In the event of any stoppage of work occurring in any Federated Yard or Federated District either in contravention of the foregoing or after the procedure laid down has been exhausted, entire freedom of action is hereby reserved to the Federation, and any Federated Associa- tion, and to the Unions concerned, notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The suspension of the Agreement shall be limited to such particular stoppage, and the Agreement in all other respects shall continue in force. Pending settlement of any question other than questions of Wages, Hours, and Piece Prices (the last named of which is provided for above), two or three Employers not connected with the Yard where the question has arisen shall give a temporary decision, but such decision shall be without prejudice to either party, and shall not be adduced in evidence in the ultimate settlement of the question. The expression “Employer '’ throughout this Agreement shall in- clude an Employer’s accredited representative. Until the whole procedure of this Agreement applying to the question at issue has been carried through there shall be no stoppage or interrup- tion of work either of a partial or of a general character. VII.--DURATION OF AGREEMENT. This Agreement shall continue in force for three years, and shall thereafter be subject to six months’ notice in writing on either side, said notice not to be competent until the three years have elapsed. Engineering Dispute, North-East Coast. In November, 1907, the North-East Coast Engineering Trades Employers' Association, which embraces the Tyne and Blyth, Wear, Tees, Hartlepool and Darlington districts, gave notice of a general reduction in wages, viz.:- Five per cent. off piece prices; 2s. per week off time rates of 30s. and over; Is. 6d. per week off rates of 25s. and under 30s. ; and 1s. per week off rates below 25s. . * The following Trade Unions were affected by this notice :— Amalgamated Society of Engineers; Steam Engine Makers’ Society; United Machine Workers’ Association; National United Trades Society of Engineers; United Patternmakers’ Association; Eriendly Society of Ironfounders; United Society of Boilermakers and Iron and Steel Shipbuilders; Associated Blacksmiths’ Society of Scotland; Co-operative Smiths’ Society; • , United Kingdom Society of Amalgamated Smiths and Strikers; North of England Brass Turners, Fitters and Finishers' Trade and Friendly Society; North of England Brass, Aluminium, Bronze, and Kindred Alloys Moulders' Trade and Friendly Society; 48 DETAILE D REPORT. General Union of Braziers and Sheet Metal Workers; Amalgamated Union of Cabinetmakers; tº 5 tº National Amalgamated Furnishing Trades Association; Electrical Trades Union; Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners; Associated Society of Carpenters and Joiners; tº e Amalgamated Society of Mill Sawyers, Woodcutting Machinists and Wood Turners; g National Amalgamated Society of Operative House and Ship Painters and Decorators; Amalgamated Society of Drillers and Hole Cutters; Associated Shipwrights’ Society (Drillers' Section); United Hammermen’s and Forge Furnacemen’s Society; Northern United Enginemen’s Association; National Amalgamated Society of Enginemen, Cranemen, Boilermen and Firemen; - National Amalgamated Union of Labour; and the Gasworkers’ and General Labourers’ Union. Of these Trade Unions, the patternmakers and the ironfounders are parties to Conciliation Boards, to which the employers' claim for a reduction in wages was accordingly referred. The Pattern- makers’ Board decided on a reduction of 1s. per week; the Iron- founders' Board on a reduction of 2% per cent. on piece prices, and ls. per week on time rates, except in the case of those improvers who did not participate in the general advance granted in February, 1906; and excepting also certain workpeople specially dealt with in the year 1903. In each case the reduction took effect on and from the pay commencing on the 19th, 20th, or 24th February, 1908, according to each firm’s custom as to the day on which their pay COIYADAQIOCéS. Three Unions—the Amalgamated Society of Engineers, the Steam Engine Makers’ Society, and the United Machine Workers' Association—are parties to the engineering “Terms of Settlement” of 1898, as amended in 1907. The prescribed manner of dealing with disputes under the “Terms of Settlement” is as follows:– “With a view to avoid disputes, deputations of workmen shall be re- ceived by their employers, by appointment, for mutual discussion of any question in the settlement of which both parties are directly con- cerned; or it shall be competent for an official of the Trade Union to approach the local secretary of the Employers’ Association with regard to any such question; or it shall be competent for either party to bring the question before a local conference to be held between the local Association of Employers and the local representatives of the Trade Unions. “In the event of either party desiring to raise any question, a local conference for this purpose may be arranged by application to the Secretary of the Employers’ Association or of the Trade Union con- cerned, as the case may be. “Local conferences shall be held within twelve working days from the receipt of the application by the secretary of the Employers' Associa- tion or of the Trade Union or Trade Unions concerned. “Failing settlement at a local conference of any question brought be- fore it, it shall be competent for either party to refer the matter to the Executive Board of the Federation and the Central Authority of the Trade Union or Trade Unions concerned. “Central conferences shall be held at the earliest date which can be conveniently arranged by the secretaries of the Federation and of the Trade Union or Trade Unions concerned. “There shall be no stoppage of work either of a partial or of a general character, but work shall proceed under the current conditions until the procedure provided for above has been carried through.” IMPORTANT DISPUTES IN 1908. 49 The remaining Trade Unions affected by the employers' claim for a reduction in wages, however, are neither parties to a Conciliation Board nor bound by the “Terms of Settlement.” These Unions accordingly took concerted action to negotiate with the employers, and, after several conferences, agreed on January 13th to accept the following modified terms : — 2% per cent. off piece rates. 18. per week off time rates of 268. and over. e 5 % 5 5 . 33 228. and under 26s. Menºr 22s. but over 20s., to be reduced if they were advanced in No reduction on rates of 208. and under. These reductions to take effect on and from the first full pay in February. It was also agreed that no general change in wages should be made for six months from the date of this reduction, and then two months' notice to be given. The employers subsequently notified the Trade Unions concerned that the reductions would be postponed for a fortnight, so as to take effect on and from the pay commencing on the 19th, 20th or 24th February, 1908, as the case might be. - The members of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers, the Steam Engine Makers’ Society, and the United Machine Workers’ Association were in the meantime negotiating with the employers, in accordance with the procedure above mentioned, as prescribed by the “Terms of Settlement.” No settlement having been reached at the local conferences, it was arranged to discuss the question at a central conference in London on January 31st. At this conference the employers offered to modify their terms to those already accepted by the other engineering Trade Unions (see above). The representatives of the men declined to accept any reduction on their own responsibility, but undertook to submit the employers’ proposals to a ballot of the men by February 17th. In accordance with this agreement the following ballot paper was issued to the members:— February 1st, 1908. The proposal of the North-East Coast employers to reduce the wage rates on the coast has been discussed at central conference, duly follow- ing local conference, and we regret to say that both conferences have proved abortive as regards a settlement. The Employers' Federation Executive, however, after discussion, submitted a modified proposal as a recommendation, namely:- 2% per cent. off piece prices. 18. per week off time rates 268. and over; 6d. per week off time rates 22s. and above, but under 26s. Men under 228. but over 20s. to be reduced if they were advanced in February, 1906, and men at 20s. and under not to be reduced. The reduction to take effect from the 20th to the 24th of February, according to start of the week in the various shops; the first pay on the reduced rate to be, of course, a week later, plus odd days to Saturday. - Your representatives refused to assent to any reduction of the wage rates at present ruling, and the Conference accordingly terminated in failure to agree. We now leave the matter entirely in your hands. We have under- taken to intimate the decision to the employers by the 17th of February. 50 DETAILEI) REPORT. Please vote for or against acceptance of employers' offer at branch meetings regularly (or specially) summoned for the purpose, and return votes to the respective offices of the above-named societies on or before February 17th. - - A vote against acceptance, of course, means a cessation of work. Yours truly, MATTHEW ARRANDALE. W. F. DAW TRY. G. N. BARNEs. " The result of this ballot was as follows:– - - For Against Acceptance. Acceptance. Amalgamated Society of Engineers ... 932 ... 5,224 Steam Engine Makers’ Society ... & tº e 249 tº º tº 448 United Machine Workers’ Association ... 126 * * * 468 1,307 6,140 In consequence of this decision the members of the three Trade Unions concerned ceased work on February 20th, and the numbers directly affected rapidly rose to a total of about 7,000; while, in addition, some thousands of other workpeople were laid idle. , The procedure for settling disputes under the “Terms of Settle- ment” had now been exhausted, and unless exceptional measures were taken, a long and disastrous struggle seemed inevitable. Having regard to the seriousness of the position, the dislocation to trade, and the distress which such a dispute would cause, the President of the Board of Trade felt it incumbent upon him to take measures to endeavour to bring the parties to an agreement. Accordingly he communicated with Sir Andrew Noble and Sir Benjamin Browne, who with great readiness placed themselves at his disposal, and came to London to confer with him. Mr. Lloyd George also put himself into communication with Mr. G. N. Barnes, M.P., and Mr. D. Gardner, the General Secretary and the Chairman respectively of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers. As a result of conferences which took place, certain provisional terms of agreement were adopted by the parties, who agreed to submit them to their respective associations and recommend their acceptance. - In fulfilment of the arrangement thus arrived at, Sir A. Noble submitted the terms of provisional agreement to the employers, by whom his action was endorsed, and Mr. Barnes, M.P., Mr. Dawtry and Mr. Arrandale issued the following ballot paper to the members of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers, the Steam Engine Makers’ Society, and the United Machine Workers’ Association :- February 26th, 1908. In accordance with letter of Saturday last to District Committees, we now ask you to vote for or against acceptance of the terms which have been agreed to by the respective Executive Councils, and which are embodied in the following resolution : — “That we submit to the men and recommend them to accept the terms which have emerged from the repeated conferences which have been held with the representatives of the employers through the intervention of the President of the Board of Trade, the effect of which is as follows: — “ (1.) That work be resumed forthwith in the event of acceptance. IMPORTANT DISPUTES IN 1908. 51 “ (2.) That the rate of wages hitherto paid should be con- tinued up to Easter, and that reduction, if any, shall take effect only as from Easter. “ (3.) That the question of reduction, on employers’ pro- posal to reduce by 18, per week, shall be submitted to a referee, to whom each side shall be free to state its case in the light of facts respecting trade and wages on the coast and elsewhere.” Tt will be noted that these give an opportunity of your case being put to an unbiassed arbiter, yet to be chosen, and, therefore, of such case being settled in the light of fact and reason. Full report has been made of all the circumstances arising from the intervention of Mr. Lloyd George to the representatives of the various Committees sum- moned to London for the purpose of consultation, and who, it is hoped, may be able, through the branch representatives, to give any further information required. Votes must be taken at branch meetings specially summoned for the purpose. Council desires votes to be returned to the respective General Offices not later than Wednesday morning, the 4th of March. Yours sincerely, GEO. N. BARNEs. W. F. DAW TRY. MATTHEw ARRANDALE. The result of this ballot was as follows:— For Against Acceptance. Acceptance. Amalgamated Society of Engineers ... 2,699 ... 5,483 Steam Engine Makers’ Society ... e ſe g 500 & © º 332 United Machine Workers’ Association ... 348 e ſº º 382 3,547 6,197 -- ºmº sº-º-º: While this vote was being taken, however, it appeared that some misapprehension existed in the minds of the men as to the precise nature of the proposals, and Mr. Lloyd George deemed it advisable to invite the local representatives of the men to see him before the vote was declared. Meetings were accordingly held in London, both executive and local representatives of each of the Unions being present. The whole matter was exhaustively explained by the President and the Permanent Secretary of the Board of Trade, with the result that the following memorandum was unanimously agreed upon :- Memorandum of Arrangement arrived at a Conference in London of Representatives of the Engineering Trade Unions on the North-East Coast with Representatives of the Board of Trade. March 4th, 1908. 1. The ballot paper to be amended so as to explain that the referee will be chosen from a list of impartial persons, not employers of labour, drawn up by Mr. Lloyd George, the name to be selected with the concurrence of Mr. Barnes acting on behalf of the three Trade Unions affected, and of Sir Andrew Noble acting on behalf of the employers. 2. A second ballot to be taken on the above basis, the Board of Trade to use their good offices with the employers to persuade them to keep open their offer for a period not exceeding a fortnight for this purpose. 3. Mr. Ratcliffe and all the district representatives of the three Unions present will report favourably to the acceptance of the terms as explained above. 52 D ETAI LED REPORT. 4. The Executive Committee of the three Unions will, as before, recommend the terms, and use their best endeavours to obtain their acceptance. (Signed) DAVID GARDNER, Chairman, GEORGE N. BARNES. J. RATCLIFFE. On behalf of the Board of Trade : — (Signed) H. LLEwBLLYN SMITH. This agreement was communicated to Sir Andrew Noble in the following telegram :— ‘‘ March, 5th. “ Understanding that Engineers' ballot was likely to be adverse, I invited representatives from each district to confer with me yesterday on situation. It appeared there had been some misunderstanding of terms, especially with regard to choice of referee. The Executives, with concurrence of District representatives, decided, therefore, to ex- plain matter further to men, and take second vote, all present agreeing to report favourably to acceptance of terms as explained. Board of Trade undertook in view of this to use good offices with you to keep employers' offer open for period not exceeding fortnight to allow of explanations and ballot. Earnestly trust you can see your way to this course, which, in my opinion, offers only chance of early settlement. & “ (Signed) LLOYD GEORGE.” The following telegram was received in reply :- “Newcastle-on-Tyne, “March 9th, 1908. “The Right Hon. D. LLOYD GEORGE, “Board of Trade, London. “ Following decision arrived at this afternoon. We agree to the ex- tension of time to the 18th inst. in order to enable the men to take another ballot; the question to be left to the Arbitrator being as before, whether the engineering employers of the North-East Coast were justified in demanding a reduction of 1s. per week on time and 2% per cent. On piece rates, it being distinctly agreed that this extension of time shall not in- terfere with the decision of the Arbitrator being given on or before Saturday, April 18th. “The employers further agree that the selection of the Arbitrator shall be left in the hands of Mr. Lloyd George. “(Signed) NOBLE.” During the ensuing fortnight, for which the notices had been extended, meetings were held in each district for the purpose of further explaining the employers’ offer, and the local representatives of the Trade Union urged acceptance of the modified terms, as also did Mr. Barnes, M.P., who attended some of the meetings. Con- siderable opposition to the proposals was shown in some districts, particularly amongst the workmen on the Tyne, among whom a leaflet had been distributed urging that the proposals should be rejected, and the 36s. wage minimum maintained. Subsequently the following ballot paper was issued :- The recent ballot vote was on the following proposed Agreement : — “ (1.) That work be resumed forthwith in the event of accept- 2,11Ce. “ (2.) That the rate of wages hitherto paid should be continued up to Easter, and that reduction, if any, shall take effect only as from Easter. ‘‘ (3.) That the question of reduction, on employers' proposal to reduce by 18, per week, shall be submitted to a referee, to whom IMPORTANT DISPUTES IN 1908. 53 each side shall be free to state its case in the light of facts respect- ing trade and wages on the coast and elsewhere.” Since voting on the above, a Conference between the local represen- tatives of the Unions concerned and representatives of the Board of Trade on March 4th drew up the following Memorandum : — [The terms of this Memorandum are printed above.] In accordance with Clause 2 and resolutions passed at your meetings the terms as embodied in the above Memorandum are now submitted to further ballot vote. A letter from the Board of Trade, dated March 6th, signifies the employers' agreement to their previous offer remaining open for a fortnight. Councils desire votes to be returned to the respective General Offices not later than the first post on Wednesday morning, the 18th of March. On March 18th the Board of Trade were notified of the result of the voting, viz.:- 3,693 for, 4,356 against.* This was communicated to Sir Andrew Noble through the Board of Trade on the same day. On June 9th a meeting of the District Committee and the Executive Council of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers was held at Newcastle, as a result of which negotiations were again opened up with the employers, and a joint conference of the parties to the dispute was held at Newcastle on June 15th. At this conference Sir Andrew Noble stated that there was no hope of the terms offered by the employers in February, and twice rejected by the workpeople, being again offered ; but, before the conference broke up, the employers made the following proposal :— “Assuming that the men agree to return to work at the reduction, * that there shall be no alteration for six months from July 1st, “We further agree to recommend to the members of the [Employers'] Association that, during these six months, we will meet the men in conference, in order to endeavour to arrange the constitution and mode of procedure of a wages board, which shall deal with wages questions in the future in order to avoid stoppages of work.” The employers were informed at once that this could not be accepted, but that it would be reported to the men, who subsequently decided not to resume work unless the notice of reduction was withdrawn. At a meeting of representatives of the District Committees of the North-East Coast on August 1st it was decided to take a ballot of the men on strike on the following questions:— 1. Shall the North-East Coast Committee be empowered to obtain best terms possible, subject to endorsement by ballot vote of the North- East Coast members? 2. Shall the Executive Councils of the three Societies involved be empowered to obtain best terms possible, subject to a ballot vote of the North-East Coast members? - 3. Against both of these propositions. The vote was taken during the second week in August, and resulted as follows:– - 1. North-East Coast Committee to negotiate ... • * * 1,178 2. Executives to negotiate * tº º e tº º • * * * * * 4,084 3. Against both these propositions tº º e e - © tº º º 2,119 * The members of the Steam Engine Makers’ Society were not balloted on this occasion, having already accepted the employers' modified terms, * 54 . DETAILED REPORT. Only the members of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers and of the United Machine Workers’ Association were balloted ; but the Steam Engine Makers’ Society were stated to be in agree- ment with the course of action suggested in the second proposition. In the meantime, the Engineering Employers' Federation had given notice to the three Trade Unions concerned in the dispute that, unless the dispute was settled, they would “actively support ’’ the North-East Coast Engineering Trades Employers’ Association, i.e., would institute a lock-out of members of the three Trade Unions in all districts covered by the Federation. On August 24th the Executive of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers addressed a letter to the President of the Board of Trade (Mr. Churchill) informing him of the result of the ballot, and inviting him, with the concurrence of the two other Societies concerned, to use his influence to bring together again the parties to the dispute. Negotiations were accordingly resumed between the Board of Trade and the parties, and meetings were held in London on September 8th and 9th between the Employers' Federation and the representatives of the men's Unions. The President of the Board of Trade also had interviews with certain of the employers, and he also attended a conference held at the Board of Trade of members of the Executive Committees and local representatives from the North-East Coast of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers, the Steam Engine Makers’ Society, and the United Machine Workers’ Association. As the result of this conference the following memorandum was drawn up :- “At a conference held at the Board of Trade offices on Septem- ber 9th, 1908, which was attended by members of the Executive Com- mittees and local representatives from the North-East Coast of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers, the Steam Engine Makers’ Society, and the United Machine Workers’ Association, it was agreed, owing to the continued depression in the engineering and shipbuilding trades, to advise the men on the North-East Coast to accept the following terms, as, in the unanimous opinion of the delegates assembled, these are the best possible to be obtained at the present time : — “1. To return to work at the reduction; no further alteration in wages to take place for six months from the resumption of work. “2. That after the resumption of work, the men's representatives shall attend a conference with the representatives of the employers for the purpose of considering in what respect the present procedure for dealing with wages questions shall be amended in order to avoid stoppages of work, the first meet- ing º take place within one month after the resumption of Work.” The representatives of the men then met the employers, and these terms were agreed upon, subject to a vote of the men. The result of the ballot was as follows:— In favour of the terms ... - - - e tº º e is g • 6 e 4,609 Against * @ tº * tº º * c & e - © º, ºn tº & B e. • tº e 3,739 Majority for acceptance ... • e e to º e e s tº 870 -- Work was accordingly resumed on September 24th, IMPORTANT DISPUTES IN 1908. 55 Cotton Spinners’ Dispute, Lancashire. At a meeting of the general committee of the Federation of Master Cotton Spinners’ Associations on July 3rd, 1908, a suggestion was made that steps should be taken to secure a 5 per cent. reduction in spinners' wages; and at an adjourned meeting of the same com- mittee on July 9th, it was unanimously decided to recommend the reduction at the annual meeting of the Federation to be held on July 24th. At the annual meeting the recommendation of the general committee was unanimously adopted, and the secretary of the Federation was instructed to communicate the terms of the resolution to the three Trade Unions concerned—the Operative Spinners, the Card and Blowing Room Operatives, and the Northern Counties Amalgamated Associations of Weavers (for warpers, reelers, and winders)—and to invite them to a conference at which the situation should be discussed. A conference was held accordingly on August 4th, between the Emergency Committee of the Federation and representatives of the three Trade Unions, at which the employers gave their reasons for applying for the reduction. The operatives, however, refused to recommend to their constituents the acceptance of the proposed reduction. The Federation thereupon, on the same date, circularised their members as to whether they were in favour of giving one month’s notice, under the Brooklands Agreement, for a 5 per cent. reduction in wages, and whether they would lock out their operatives if necessary, provided that manufacturers owning 80 per cent. of the spindles in the Federation (both American and Egyptian) agreed likewise. Replies from owners of 92 per cent. of the spindles in the Federation were in favour of enforcing the demand by a lock- out, and the Federation on August 20th gave one month’s notice of the reduction to the three Trade Unions concerned, to come into force on September 21st. The operatives then took a ballot of their members on the subject of accepting or resisting the reduction. The executive of the Spinners' Amalgamation gave no advice to their members as to accepting or resisting the reduction, but the executive of the Card-room Workers' Amalgamation strongly recommended their members to vote against accepting it. The result of the ballot was as follows:– Spinners: — Against accepting reduction ... e tº º * * * ... 15,916 For accepting reduction & 9 º' & © & e Q & tº º º 1,301 Majority against tº º º - - º * tº wº ... 14,615 Card-room workers : — Against accepting reduction ... - tº e tº tº a ... 34,714 For accepting reduction * 9 a. e - e. e e g tº e g 2,818 Majority against tº tº º tº º º tº s e ... 31,896 -** -- The majority against acceptance was thus .92 per cent. of the votes cast in the case of the spinners, and 90 per cent, in the case 56 DETAILED REPORT. of the card-room workers. As the rules of both Amalgamations require a proportion of 80 per cent. of those voting before a strike can be entered upon, the proportions given by the ballot were thus more than sufficient to authorise the executives of the two Amalga- mations to declare a strike. On September 10th a conference between the committees of the Employers' Federation and of the Operatives' Amalgamations was held at Manchester to discuss the question of the reduction. The operatives admitted depression in trade, but asked for a postponement of the question until the middle of January, 1909, when, if trade was no better, they would be prepared to recommend the reduction. The employers declined to accept this, but offered to postpone the date of reduction until the first pay day in January, 1909, and this was declined by the operatives, who, however, declared their willingness to submit the offer to their constituents and give a reply in four weeks. The employers would not agree to this proposal and the conference ended without any settlement having been effected. On September 12th the executive of the Spinners' Amalgama- tion, in pursuance of a resolution passed at a general council meeting, attended by representatives from the various districts, decided to take a further ballot as to whether the employers' modified proposal of an unconditional 5 per cent. reduction, to take effect on the first pay day in January, should be accepted or not. The spinners’ executive unanimously decided to recommend their members to vote for acceptance. The card-room operatives also, on September 15th, expressed their willingness to do so if sufficient time (two weeks) were allowed them for the purpose. The em- ployers, however, intimated that they would not postdate the lock-out notices to allow this ballot to be taken. On September 14th the Deputy Lord Mayor of Manchester addressed a communication to the parties offering the use of the Town Hall for a joint conference. The operatives expressed their willingness to attend, but the employers replied that they could not at the present attend at the Town Hall, as the operatives had not definitely declined the latest offer from the Federation. On September 18th the result of the spinners’ second ballot was announced as follows:– For accepting reduction in January ... * * * * & © 4,530 Against , 3 × 5 y ſº tº e tº º º ... 12,677 As the proportion against acceptance was only 73-67 per cent. of those voting, and therefore did not reach the 80 per cent. required by the rules before a strike can be declared, the spinners sought a further conference with the employers. The conference took place on September 18th. The operatives’ representatives first of all made a proposal that the mills, whether in the Federation or out- side of it, should stop for a month from September 28th to October 26th ; and they offered to use the influence of their organisation to obtain a stoppage of the non-federated mills which the Employers’ Federation could not influence. At the end of the month they were prepared to go into the whole matter again, and, if trade was not then profitable, to recommend their members to accept a 5 per cent. reduction. The employers refused this proposal, The spinners’ IMPORTANT DISPUTES IN 1908. 57. representatives thereupon explained that the result of the last ballot did not enable them to offer any further resistance to the reduction, and signed an agreement accepting the 5 per cent. reduction on and after the first pay day in January, 1909, under the terms of the Brooklands Agreement. The card-room operatives, however, and the reelers, winders, and warpers made no agreement with the employers. The Federation accordingly issued instructions to all their members to close their mills at noon on 19th September, and not to re-open them until an agreement had been effected with the card-room operatives and with the reelers and warpers. From careful estimates made by the Labour Department on the basis of such figures as were available, it appeared that the number of workpeople involved in the dispute at the establishments imme- diately affected was about 100,000 or 110,000 at the beginning of the dispute, and about 120,000 during the last four weeks. The difference is accounted for partly by non-federated firms closing their mills in support of the Employers' Federation, and partly by the cessation of work at a few mills where orders were being finished off under contract at the beginning of the dispute. The number involved at the establishments immediately affected, however, by no means exhausts the total number of workpeople affected by the dispute. Weavers in other districts almost imme- diately began to be affected, owing to shortage of yarn, and eventually many thousands of weavers were laid idle. The effects of the dispute were also experienced in other local industries, e.g., coal mining and railway transport, which depend to some extent on the prosperity of the cotton trade. . The following table shows the extent to which the various districts included in the Employers’ Federation area were affected :- - - - - Number of Mills. District involved. Stopped. Working. Ashton-under-Lyne ... • tº e * * * º “º e tº º º 48 9 Bolton •. tº º tº & Cº º sº tº gº - ºr Q • e e tº e e 56 17 Bury 9 S Chorley 7 6 Darwen - • * * * G - tº a tº - © tº it s > - - - 5 - Farnworth tº ſº tº e a tº tº tº gº e e º tº º ſº e - e. 3 3 Glossop ... . ... e ‘º º * tº tº ſº tº º 9 2 Hyde tº tº º e tº e tº ºn º • • - - - * * * * 6 4 Heywood ... e tº º * - - • * * * * * e e a • - - I9 2 Manchester and Salford ... e tº & tº º e - - - 17 2 Mossley tº º º - - - e º 'º e - tº - - - • & © 10 : 7 Oldham ... ºn tº e e - tº e G & tº ºn tº ºn & © - - - 192 26 Rawtenstall - - - - - * * * * @ tº tº tº e tº º tº 8 - Rochdale ... sº º º * @ e ~e º & • B & * * * - - - 34 12 Stockport ... e - e. a º e e e º • * * * G - e - © 9 8 . 432 106 12670 -- - - - E. 58 DIETAILED REPORT. It will be seen that nearly half the mills stopped were at Oldham, which is the centre of the American cotton spinning district, Bolton being the centre of the district spinning Egyptian cotton. On October 13th, the General Federation of Trade Unions, to which the three Trade Unions were affiliated, sent the following proposal to the Employers’ Federation :- (1.) That a five per cent. reduction in wages be accepted forthwith, and - (2.) That the wages question be re-considered by both sides in three months time. These proposals, were, however, declined by the employers. On October 27th, the Mayor of Salford called a conference of mayors of Lancashire towns interested in the cotton industry, at which the following resolution was passed :— “That, inasmuch as the acute, universal, and daily increasing dis- tress throughout Lancashire caused by the deplorable stoppage in the cotton industry demands immediate action, and the executives of the spinners, card-room workers, and weavers having decided upon joint action, they be respectfully urged to ascertain immediately by vote the present opinion of the whole of their members upon the changed con- ditions since the stoppage first took place. The mayors of the boroughs, recognising their responsibility, strongly appeal to the em- ployers and the employees to use their power and influence to bring this distressing conflict to a peaceful termination.” This resolution was forwarded on October 29th to the Employers' Federation. - On October 27th the operative spinners addressed the following letter to the Employers' Federation :- “DEAR SIR, “I am instructed by my executive council to write you in reference to the agreement arrived at between this Amalgamation and your Federation on 18th September, 1908, to the effect that the wages of our members should be reduced by 5 per cent. on the first pay day in January, 1909. “The intention of my executive council in coming to the agreement was to prevent, if possible, the lock-out with which our members were threatened from taking place; but as the mills in your Federation were closed against our members after the agreement was signed, and have now been closed for five weeks, it is felt that there are good reasons for asking that the said agreement should now be set aside. “Its existence is at present standing in the way of united action being taken by the whole of the operatives' societies concerned in the dispute, and its removal would greatly facilitate the opening up of further negotiations with a view to a settlement being arrived at by all parties affected. “I am, therefore, requested to ask you to bring the matter before your committee, and let me know as early as possible if they are pre- pared to consent to the agreement being cancelled. s “Yours faithfully, “WILLIAM MARSLAND.” This was, discussed by the emergency committee of the Employers' Federation on October 29th, and the following reply WaS Sent :— “DEAR SIR, - “Your letter of the 27th instant re the joint agreement of 18th September, 1908, has been placed before the sº Committee of the Federation to-day. In reply I am desired to say that we appre- ciate your recognition of the fact that an agreement honourably IMPORTANT DISPUTES IN 1908. 59 entered into can only be set aside by the joint consent of the parties to such agreement, and my committee has never had any doubts as to the views of your executive upon that point. - - “After fully considering the request contained in your letter and re-affirming our previous statement that the terms of the agreement contained the limit of concession, beyond which my committee is not prepared to go, the following resolution has been unanimously adopted, the terms of which I am instructed to forward to you : — “‘That the request of the Spinners' Amalgamation to be released from the terms of the joint agreement, dated 18th Septem- ber, 1908, be and is hereby agreed to.” - . . . - “Yours faithfully, - “J. SMETHURST.” On October 31st the executives of the three Trade Unions met in conference at Manchester, and at the close of the meeting it was stated that it had been decided to ask the employers for a joint conference on 3rd November. The employers consented, and the conference took place on the date mentioned. The operatives stated that they would accept a 5 per cent. reduction in January if at that time the margin on 34’s twist and 40's weft American was not over 2%d. per pound, and on 60's twist Egyptian not over 4}d. per pound, but the employers declined to accept this, and the conference terminated without a settlement having been effected. After the conference, the operatives’ representatives met and decided to take a fresh ballot on the one question, whether or not opposition to the employers’ demands should be continued. The ballots were to have been taken separately by each of the three unions, and the result was to be made known on November 17th. In the meantime, however, the conference of mayors of Lancashire towns had again been called together by the Mayor of Salford, and on November 3rd they passed the following resolution :- - - - - - - - - * * - “Whilst not wishing to interfere in any way in the unfortunate dis- pute in the cotton industry, the mayors of the Lancashire towns assembled here feel great anxiety at the distress already prevailing and which is daily increasing throughout Lancashire. . . . . . “In view of this faet, they feel it their duty to make an earnest appeal to employers and employees to do all that is possible to bring this disastrous situation to an end, either by ballot, as recommended last week, or by some other means. - “They further express a hope that the two parties meeting will spare no effort to settle this matter to-day, and bring about an imme- diate resumption of work.” - - At the conclusion of the joint conference of employers and operatives Mr. Crinion and Mr. Mullin of the Card-room Workers’ Amalgamation were invited to attend the mayors’ conference, and the desire of the conference to bring about a settlement of the dispute was strongly represented to them. - The resolution passed at the mayors’ conference was conveyed to the Employers' Federation, and was acknowledged by Mr. Macara, the President of the Federation. tº On receipt of Mr. Macara's acknowledgment the Mayor consulted with Messrs. Crinion and Mullin, and, as the outcome of the consultation, a suggestion was made for ending the dispute, viz., that the operatives should return to work forthwith, and that the reduction in wages of 5 per cent. should be postponed until the first 12670 . E 2 60 DETAILED REPORT. pay day in March, 1909. This proposal was considered later at a meeting of the card-room executive, and ºn November 5th an intimation was given to the Mayor of Salford that the card-room operatives would accept the above as a settlement of the dispute. This information was forwarded to the Employers' Federation, and led to a joint meeting on November 6th of the emergency committee of the federation and representatives of the operatives' organisa- tions, at which the following agreement was arrived at :— 6th November, 1908. TERMS OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN- The Federation of Master Cotton Spinners' Associations, The Amalgamated Association of Operative Cotton Spinners, The Amalgamated Association of Card- and Blowing-room Operatives, & The Åmalgamated. Northern Counties Association of Warpers, Reelers, and Winders, on the question of a 5 per cent. reduction in Wages. IT IS HEREBY AGREED: “That, on and after the first pay day in March, 1909, the wages of operatives in the departments covered by the above- mentioned operatives’ organisations shall be reduced. 5 per cent., such reduction to be under the terms and conditions of the Brooklands Agreement.” Signed on behalf of The Federation of Master Cotton Spinners' Associations, JoBIN SMETHURST, Secretary. Signed on behalf of The Amalgamated Association of Operative Cotton Spinners, WILLIAM MARSLAND, & Secretary. Signed on behalf of The Amalgamated Association of Card- and Blowing-room Operatives, WILLIAM MULLIN, te Secretary. Signed on behalf of The Amalgamated Northern Counties Association of Warpers, Reelers, and Winders, Joseph CRoss, Secretary. Most of the mills re-opened for work on Monday, November 9th. Subsequently, at the invitation of the President of the Board of Trade, a conference was held at the Board of Trade between the employers' and operatives’ representatives to discuss the advisability of adopting some equitable scheme for the future automatic regula- tion of wages. At this conference it was resolved that future conferences should be held in Manchester under a Chairman to be appointed by the Board after consultation with the employers' and operatives’ representatives. The Board of Trade, after consultation with the parties, appointed the Rt. Hon. Sir Edward Clarke, K.C., as Chairman, and he accepted the office. 61 SUMMARY TABLES. FOR THE YEAR 1908. DISPUTES CLASSIFIED BY : Ia. CauSeS—All Trades Ib. Causes—Groups of Trades:– BUILDING e - tº tº º ºr MINING AND QUARRYING METAL, ENGINEERING, AND SHIPBUILDING TEXTILE: ... CLOTHING TRANSPORT MISCELLANEOUS, AND EMPLOYEES OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES - * tº e C & II. ResultS III. Methods Of Settlement IV. DistrictS V. Magnitude [See also pages 88 to 100 } PAGE. 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 82 84 86 SUMMARY TABLES. Ia.—CAUSES OF DISPUTES NUMBER of DISPUTES beginning in 1908, NUMBER of WORK- DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress during [Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one Number of Disputes beginning in 1908, the Results of which were— Total * : g • * - - - No. Of Principal Cause or Object. fºur º: r | Compro In— |Disputes Of ºu p ºte in 1908. - Work- Em— mised. § i people. ployers. €Cl, Wages: t For increase .. tº º º º tº e tº tº 7 35 34 76 Against decrease Il 32 34 77 As to system of payment of wages .. I 10 4 l 16 Re-adjustment of rates of payment on 8 21 29 2 60 account of difficulties or ease in working, quality of materials, &c. Other .. * & tº e & º tº § 7 7 6 20 Totals 34 105 107 3 249 Hours of Labour : For decrease . . * * tº e • . ... 3 a tº I 4 Against increase s tº tº e l g l 2 As to arrangement of hours tº º l 2 s. 3 Other . . . . . . • . . . . . • * | * . 4 . 1 5 Totals . . . . . . . . 5 6 3 tº e 14 Employment of Particular Classes or Pērsons: - *s * * * * : * * Disputes between classes of workpeople l 2 3 6 Employment of labourers instead of • . . . l. l 2 skilled workroen. - Employment of women instead of men l 2 * 3 Employment of apprentices and boys... . * * l l 2 For reinstatement of discharged work- 4 I7 11, 32 people. - - Against employment of certain officials | 2 2 l 5 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . l 2 | 1 4 Totals . . . . . . . . 9 27 18 ... 54 Wººf Arrangements, &c., (other than (1001)0) : – & - - * * * - * - For change tº tº * & tº e gº tº ... I 4 4 5 e º 13 Against change 9 9 6 24 ther . . tº tº I 3 2 6 Totals 14 16 13 43 Trade Unionism . . * * e & * † & sº 16 9 2 2 29 Sympathetic Disputes . . . . . . . . tº ſº. 6 | 1 gº º 7 Miscellaneous g e tº tº tº . tº & tº we 1 2 & º e e 3 Grand Totals . . . . . . 79 171 144 5 399 * The roman figures show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began in that in progress in 1908. The aggregate duration is computed CAUSEs of DISPUTES IN 1908. 63 IN 1908—ALL TRADES. PEOPLE involved in such DISPUTES, and AGGREGATE DURATION in WoRKING 1908, classified by RESULT and PRINCIPAL CAUSE. day, have been omitted, earcept when the aggregate duration eacceeded 100 working days.] . Number of Workpeople directly - Aggregate Duration* in Working Days involº, # º º: in 1908, Total I of aii fisputes in progress in 1908, the Total © ICeSILIt'S Of WhiCºl Were— Total Indi- Results of which were— Aggregate - Duration* In In In- Directly || rectly In In In- in fºur fºur Compro- º involved. in- fºur fºur Compro- º Working Work- Em— mised. | 94.8°. Work- Em— mised. OT UIl- people. ployers. settled, volved. people. ployers. settled. Days 1,593 3,050 11,618 16,261 5,406 37,175 88,313 707,981 833,469 5,654 9,17 32,177 47,009 1,025 26,706 113,915 141,646 43,065 17,302 3,658,417 5,091,185 8,766,904 - 27,56 4,542 32,105 12 1,366 133 276 1,787 509 300 19,295 3,170 5,694 28,459 1,160 21,205 22,365 518 3,463 9,477 877 14,335 2,761 53,226 93,597 272,554 2,547 421,924 8,600 - 8,600 416 366 1,078 1,860 1,899 14,404 9,622 12,912 tº e 36,938 94 94 3,564 34,951 i36,221 1,153 |175,889 || 53,640 11122.407 || 3,869,244 6,087,802 || 8,241 |10,087,694 5,654 46,595 57,924 110, 154 • & 33 * - 187 391 6,858 tº - 5,500 12,358 - 3,340 3,340 52 * - 780 e e 832 - G 208 - - 3,120 o 3,328 30 864 tº º º 894 317 180 13,900 • e º 14,080 e 6,232 232 6,464 º tº tº tº 21,905 928 22,833 - 250 250 236 7,096 1,045 tº º 8,377 708 7,246 35,805 9,548 52,599 - 3,590 3,590 200 55 437 692 254 1,600 2,525 34,544 e - 38,669 tº e 20 22 42 5 * - 1,800 º e 3,372 40 157 © & I9 98 40 2,810 tº º 2,850 g 10 30 40 210 º 200 1,440 1,640 6,500 6,500 1,616. 2,665 4,129 8,410 5,219 2,543 48,305 48,017 98,865 375 483 91 949 447 4,178 21,994 273 26,445 S56 856 348 194 206 748 67 696 665 3,090 4,451 29,670 29,670 2,579 3,584 4,915 & 11,078 6,300 9,057 78,299 88,936 © e. 176 292 36,170 S56 37,026 - - | - i. 1,999 5,219 1,314 tº 8,532 2,261 11,489 $7,246 59,284 * @ 108,019 | 28,000 28,000 1,249 1,001 1,291 3,541 805 21,373 13,036 55,414 89,823 6 246 14: 394 2,997 81 10,473 ,410 Tl 964 3,254 6,466. 2,747 12,467 6,063 || 32,943 60,755 116,108 tº º 209,806 - 28,000 28,000 9,542 502 1,830 344 12,218 1,173 53,519 6,196 4,160 10,922 74,797 • - 13,458 1,674 7,630 22,762 2,888 92 2,980 || 3,554 • Q 27,410 960 28,370 10 950 • * - 960 100 30 3,050 tº a 3,080 19,185 56,437 || 146,850 | 1,497 |223,969 || 71,53s |225,202 || 4,080 759 |6,307,514 | 19,163 |10,632,638 19,112 II6,029 66,410 201,553 year; those in italics show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began before that year but were still on the basis of the total number involved, directly and indirectly. 64 *. stſMMARY TABLES. Ib.—CAUSES OF DISPUTES NUMBER of DISPUTES beginning in 1908, NUMBER of WoRK- DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress during 1908, [Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one Number of Disputes beginning in 1908, the Results of which were— Total No. of ^ Disputes Principal Cause or Object. l p - - - - - begin- In In - fºur fºur Compro- In- ning O O *- in 1908. Work- Em- mised. definite, II] people. ployers. Wages: For increase .. tº Q o º gº tº tº e 7 6 º º 13 A8 to System of payment of wages l e l Totals .. • . g e tº º 8 6 14 Hours of Labour : Other .. & © l tº º tº e I Totals .. 1 1 Employment of Particular Classes or Pèrsons: Against employment of certain officials º tº º * Totals .. tº ſº. tº wº e e tº tº e Working Arrangements Rules, and Dis- cipline (other than above): Against change in existing arrange- I l I 3 Iment.S. Totals . . * & * * we & 1 1 1 tº sº. 3 Trade Unionism 1 •'s tº a e e 1. Grand Totals . . . . . . 2 10 7 tº e 19 f | The roman figures show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began in that in progress in 1908. The aggregate duration is computed CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1908. 65 IN 1908––BUILDING TRADES. PEOPLE involved in such DISPUTES, and AGGREGATE DURATION in WORKING classified by Result and Principal Cause—continued. day, have been omitted, eacept when the aggregate duration eaceeded 100 working days.] ... Number of Workpeople directly | Aggregate Duration” in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes beginning in 1908, Total all Disputes in progress in 1908, the the Results of which were— Results of which were— Aggregate Tota.I In- & e Duration* Directly || directly e f In f In C I involved in f In a; Co In 111 &WOUII favour | UOnlpro- Il- º <--> 3, VOULT WOUIT In OTO- - º of of p '. of p Working Work- | Em- | mised. I definite. volved. || Work- Em- mised. definite. Days people. ployers. people. ployers. yS. tº , º, 678 1,485 * - 2,163 46 • 14,624 39,430 tº º 54,054 º e 37 .. .. 37 .. 300 * - tº e 300 | . . . 715 1,485 2,200 || 46 14,924 39,430 54,354 tº e 100 100 1,800 © Q 1,800 º º 100 Jº - • e 100 | 1,800 1,800 & tº e tº e tº us tº e º * 856 * @ tº e 856 tº e tº º © e “ º 856 tº G 856 60 16 325 401 132 2,688 32 14,150 16,870 60 16 325 .. 401 132 2,688 32 14,150 16,870 13 tº º ºr e 13 tº e 39 º e Q 39 73 || 831 i,810 e - 2,714 178 2,727 | 16,756 sº e e 73,0s; year; those in italics show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began before that year but were still On the basis of the total number involved, directly and indirectly. SUMMARY TABLES. Ib.—CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1908— NUMBER of DISPUTEs beginning in 1908, NUMBER of WoRK- DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress during 1908, [Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one Number of Disputes beginning in 1908, the Results of which were— Totº,I - No. Of - tes Principal Cause or Object. Dispu €S begin- In In In– º favºur fºur Compro- definite º Work- Em- mised. * i. º people. ployers. SétitleCl, Wages. For increase .. © e ‘e ge tº º e e 1. 8 10 º 19 Against decrease .. tº tº © e e & 5 10 10 25 As to system of payment of wages 3 & 0 I 4 Re-adjustment of rates of payment on 4 5 * 17 2 28 account of difficulties or ease in working, quality of materials, &c. ther .. e G © Q e G e e - © tº 4 3 2 9 Totals .. tº º 14 29 39 3 85 Hours of Labour: For decrease .. • * tº º tº º l © tº 1 Against increase * * e - l I As to arrangements of hours I | Other . . . . . . o 2 Totals tº tº © & 1 2 2 5 Employment of Particular Classes or Persons: * - Tor reinstatement of discharged work- l 6 2 tº º 9 . people. - Against employment of certain officials e G l 1 : Other tº º gº º tº e tº o I 2 Totals .. 2 8 2 12 Working Arrangements, Rules, and Disci- . pline (other than above): - For change in existing arrangements .. 2 4 2 e e 8 Against change in existing arrangc- 4 5 3 12 ments. Other .. tº º º e tº º © e e - l 2 1 4 Totals . . . . . . 7 11 6 24 i Trade Unionism ... .. © tº © tº • * 14 1 1 : 16 : ſ Sympathetic Disputes ... .. tº º tº G 1. 1 | Miscellaneous ... . . . . . . . . i 2 | ! 38 53 50 4 145 Grand Totals . . . . . . . . . * The roman figures show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began in that in progress in 1908. The aggregate duration is computed CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1908. 67 MINING AND QUARRYING TRADES. PEOPLE involved in such DISPUTES, and AGGREGATE DURATION in WORKING classified by Result and Principal Cause—continued. day, have been omitted, eaccept when the aggregate duration eaceeded 100 working days.] Number of Workpeople directly Aggregate Duration” in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes beginning in 1908, Total all Disputes in progress in 1908, the the Results of which were— Results of which were — Aggregate Total In- - Duration* Directly || directly in In In * * In In * fºur fºur Compro- achite involved. 1Il- fºur fºur Compro- º Working Work- Em- mised. | 9.9%; volved. | Work- Em- mised. | 9.5%; £-w people. ployers. settled. people. ployers. settled. Days. 8 1,497 4,308 5,813 2,977 99 46,500 316,960 363,559 - 1,644 910 2,554 579 1,401 2,202 e 4,182 4,906 I1,092 64,920 171462 247,474 - 26,228 3,894 30,122 o 301 © 276 577 105 5,519 & Cº. 5,694 11,213 17,100 17,100 396 1,934 8,083 877 11,290 1,736 46,916 50,000 238,368 2,547 337,831 330 156 347 te 833 1,355 13,790 8,498 1,363 23,651 1,313 5,289 || 14,940 1,153 22,695 11,079 71,897 175,437 728 153 8,241 983,728 27,872 21,904 49,776 f } 71 . . . © e . . . . 71 380 5,588 5,588 780 tº º 780 tº º gº tº 3,120 gº º 3,120 820 * tº 820 317 & © 10,028 is tº tº gº 10,028 5,000 232 § 5,232 10,000 928 10,928 71 5,820 | 1,012 | .. 6,903 697 5,588 || 20,028 4,048 .. 29,664 1,250 1,954 1,746 4,950 4,790 1,250 13,441 7,997 22,688 448 443 385 tº º 21,644 .. •. 21,644 348 45 393 14 696 59 tº º 755 1,598 || 2,442 1,746 5,786 || 5,189 1,946 35,144 7,997 .. 45,087 1,680 5,219 580 ; 7,479 1,518 6,300 37,246 7,416 | .. 50,962 * ! 28,000 28,000 730 766 890 ; 2,386 . 513 10,741 11,822 41,036 63,329 6 230 94 ; 330 2,997 81 10,073 1,266 11,420 2,416 || 6,215||1,564 | . 10,195 || 5,02s | 16,852 59 141 || 49,71s . 125,711 : : ------- 28,000 28,000 9,519 1,580 290 11,389 922 53,420 & © 3,160 10,245 66,825 - - } - - 1,674 - - 1,674 2,556 2,556 || 8,533 17,914 17,914 it e 950 .. ... 950 || 100 | . . 3,050 3,050 14,917 23,272. 20,842 || 1,443 60,474 26,548 149,703 310,714 793,076 18,486 | 1,271,979 - ; : - 57,546 21,904 79,450 year; those in italics show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began before that year but were still on the basis of the total number involved, directly and indirectly. SUMMARY TABLES. Ib.—CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1908—METAL, NUMBER of DISPUTES beginning in 1908, NUMBER of WoRK- DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress during 1908, [Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one Number of Disputes beginning in 1908, the Results of which were— Total No. of Principal Cause or Object. wºmms- Disputes In In begIIl- | favour favour Compro- Un- 111.11g Of Of º in 1908. Work- Fºrm- mised. | settled. people. ployers. Wages: For increase .. tº º gº • tº º tº gº 2 3 • * 5 Against decrease tº º gº tº º º & G. l 12 9 tº º 22 Change in system of payment .. tº e 1 e e 1 Re-adjustment of rates of payment on e I 1 e e 2 account of difficulties or ease in working, quality of materials, &c. Other tº º tº º tº º e tº & Cº. 3 2 º º Totals & Cº. tº e gº tº 1. 18 16 º e 35 Hours of Labour : For decrease . . º ºr tº dº ** * * e Q º tº e Against increase tº º • * l e - I As to arrangement of hours tº e I e e te 2 Totals .. & e º ºs 2 1. 3 Employment of Particular Classes or Persons: Disputes between classes of work- l 2 2 5 people. Employment of labourers instead of te l l & a 2 skilled workmen. For reinstatement of discharged work- I 1 e 2 people. , - - Against employment of certain officials l & l Other tº e * @ • * ſº q * @ & 1 gº tº l Totals & Cº. tº º * - tº e 2 4. 5 11 Working Arrangements, Rules, and Dis- cipline (other than above): For change in existing arrangements.. * 2 º 2 Against change in existing arrange- T l © º º ºg 2 ments. Totals . . . . . . 1 1. 2 4. Trade Unionism . . . . . . . . * @ 1 5 Sympathetic Disputes .. e - & © * 3 º 3 Miscellaneous • * * * * * tº º e 1. Grand Totals & tº e - º, a 31 23 1 62 * The roman figures show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began in that in progress in 1908. The aggregate duration is computed on CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1908. 69 ENGINEERING, AND SHIPBUILDING TRADES. PEOPLE involved in such DISPUTEs, and AGGREGATE DURATION in classified by Result and Principal Cause—continued. day, have been omitted, eveept when the aggregate duration eaceeded 100 working days.j WORKING . Number of Workpeople directly Aggregate Duration” in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes, beginning in 1908, Total all Disputes in progress in 1908 the the Results of which were— Results of which were— Aggregat C Total In- * -º Duration * Directly directly - In In involved.|| ; In In 1It fºur fºur Compro- Un- |involve"|| in- tºur tºur Compro- | Un- working O O O O *2 Work- | Em- mised. settled. volved. Work- Em- mised. settled. Days people. ployers. people. ployers. & 57 871 428 710 tº º 836 37,339 . 38,175 6,822 I70 6,992 12 23,924 384 24,320 27,020 180 3,581,468 53,258 3,634,905 1,335 1,335 tº e tº e 27 tº º 27 & e & e º & 2,730 tº ſº 2,730 395 395 tº e 80 12 92 20 & O 250 108 358 º ºg 170 491 tº o 661 528 964 10,105 11,069 94 - 94 12 24,231 1,285 25,528 || 28,278 180 3,583,518 103,540 3,687,238 8,646 170 8,816 e tº tº o & © sº e tº e tº e tº a & a e g 3,340 3,340 52 tº e tº º tº º 52 208 tº º 208 30 44 & © 74 180 3872 4,052 82 44 & © 126 388 3,872 sº © & 4,260 3,340 3,340 200 55 | 187 tº º 442 254 1,600 2,535 15,314 e - 19,439 e 20 22 42 5 As º 1,800 1,572 3,372 e Q 30 1,016 tº e 1,046 tº º 75 12,192 e - 12,267 192 * * tº Q tº e 192 62 2,540 & ſº 2,540 e - tº e 206 tº º 206 e e * * tº º 3,090 3,090 29,670 29,670 392 105 1,431 1,928 321 4,140 4,400 32,168 40,708 29,670 29,670 e - & © 676 676 706 e e e tº 49,668 © - 49,668 104 124 e G tº º 228 & © 3,848 372 tº º © º 4,220 104 || 124 676 .. 904 706 3,848 372 49,668 53,888 170 © tº 54 224 694 677 1,371 © tº 300 © & 300 13 * * 6,340 © & ſº tº 6,340 10 tº e & © © e. 10 e e 30 gº o e & 30 600 24,974 3,392 54 29,020 || 29,318 8,586 |3,599,196 || 185,376 677 |3,793,835 - 41,656 170 41,826 year.; those in italics show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began - the basis of the total number involved directly and indirectly. before that year but were still 70 suMMARY TABLEs, Ib.-CAUSES OF DISPUTES NUMBER of DISPUTES beginning in 1908, NUMBER of WORK- DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress during 1908, [I)isputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one Number of Disputes beginning in 1908, t the Results of which were— Total - No. Of Principal Cause or Object, Disputes - begin- In . In • favour favour | Compro- In- n1ng * Of of e ... in 1908. i Work- Em— mised. definite. people. ployers. Wages: For increase . . . . . . . . . . 8 . 8 4 . . is .º. 10 . Against decrease ... . . . . . ... tº tº 3 5 e e 8 Change in system of payment .. . . . . . 3. - tº e . 3. Re-adjustment of rates of payment on 2 13 9 tº e 24 account of difficulties or ease in working, quality of materials, &c. Other • e e - tº gº tº º e & © tº e l - 1 • * - 2 Totals .. • * . . . . 5 23 19 a º 47 Hours of Labour : For decrease . . tº tº • . . * s tº º 1 * c tº • & e 1. © Totals . . . . . . . . . 1. tº e • * tº e 1 Employment of Particular Classes or Pérsons: Employment of apprentices and boys tº e tº e .. e e For reinstatement of discharged 3 5 4 gº tº 12 workpeople. - - Totals * e * * * & © © & - 3 5 - 4 tº º 12 Working Arrangements, Rules, and Discipline (other than above): J. For change in existing arrangements 1 tº ºl. l . . gº ºn 2. Against change in existing arrange- 8 * : * l gº tº " 4 mentS. - Totals & ºt tº ~ * tº º * e 4. tº tº 2 • * 6 Trade Unionism . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 ... ... 3 Grand Totals . . . . . . | 14 30 25 ... 69 “ The roman figures show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began in that . . . in progress in 1908, The āggregate duration is computed CAUSEs of DISPUTES IN 1908. 71 IN 1908–TEXTILE TRADES. PEOPLE involved in such DISPUTES, and AGGREGATE DU classified by Result and Principal Cause—continued. day, have been omitted, eacept when the aggregate duration eaceeded 100 working days.] RATION in WORKING Number of Workpeople directly Aggregate Duration” in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes, beginning in 1908, Total all Disputes in progress in 1908, the the Results of which were — Results of which were— Aggregate Total In- s Duration* Directly | directly - In In - lved * In In 1I] ºr fºur Compro- In- |involved.|| in- favºur fºur Compro- In- working O O O O t Work- || Erm- mised. definite. volved. Work- Em- mised. definite. Davs people. ployers. people. ployers. a yS. 1,436 189 2,271 gº º 3,896 1,479 - 33,704 8,090. 272,831 314,625 5,654 29,650 35,304 * * F79 110,192 & ºt 110,371 10,259 & B 3,499 4,842,122 4,845,621 93 * @ 93 - 532 tº e 532 * - 3,850 3,850 72 1,410 1,320 2,802 990 5,706 43,076 33,883 82,665 - 8,600 8,600 * @ 40 200 s & 240 16 160 1,404 1,564 1,508 1,911 || 113,983 tº e 117,402 || 12,744 39,410 55,357 |5,150,240 º 5,245,007 5,654 8.600 33,500 47,754 69 • * tº tº º º 69 © tº 1,242 --- tº º s & ‘º 1,242 69 & © e e 69 1,242 tº º 1,242 º - ... • • • • . • : tº º * @ 6,500 - tº º º 8,500 366 288 943- * 1,597 198 1,293 33,018 11,838 46,149 366 288 943 e ‘º 1,597 198 - 1,293 33,018 11,838 e e 46,149 - ,500 6,500 10 • 58, tº e 68. 17 189 & © 2,200 * * 2,389 355 • 31, e a 386 160 4,366 • * 93 4,459 365 e - 89 454 177 4,555 e - 2,293 e e 6,848 10 51 - © 61 101 60 2,128 * - * * 2,188 9,408 9,408 2,318 2,250 115,015 tº º 119,583 || 13,220 46,560 90,503 5,164,371 tº e 5.301,434 15,069 15,700 33,500 ,662 year; those in italies show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began before that year but were still on the basis of the total number involved, directly and indirectly. 72 SUMMARY TABLEs. Ib-CAUSES OF DISPUTES NUMBER of DISPUTES beginning in 1908, NUMBER of WoRK- DAYs of ALL DISPUTES in progress during 1908, [Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one Number of Disputes beginning in 1908, the Results of which were— Total No. of Principal Cause or Object. — Disputes begin- In In • favour favour | Compro- In- mlng Of Of tº ., in 1908. Work- Em- mised. definite. people. ployers. Wages: For increase . . tº tº 2 e * @ tº Q l 5 l º 7 Against decrease • Ge gº tº tº e ... . . 2 4 3 9 As to System of payment of wages tº º tº e tº e • * & - • * Re-adjustment of rates of payment on l 2 * & 3 account of difficulties or ease in working, quality of materials, &c. - - - Other © º a & & © gº ºn & © a º 1. * @ to º tº º 1 Totals . . . . . . . . 5 9 6 .. 20 Hours of Labour: For decrease * - .. e G * - tº e © e & l e e 1 Other .. tº tº * tº gº tº .. ſº & º Totals . . . . . . . . e tº 1 © 1 Employment of Particular Classes or Persons : Employment of apprentices and boys. l tº e 1 For reinstatement of discharged work- tº ge l 3 * - 4 people. Against employment of certain officials 1 • e 1 * @ 2 Totals •. . . . . . . 1 1 5 e e 7 Working Arrangements, Rules, and Dis- cipline (other than above): - For change in existing arrangements .. l ſº tº tº º tº tº 1 - Against change in existing arrange- .. 1 1 • * : 2 . mentS. - Totals tº e sº ºn tº e e - 1 1 1 & 9 3 Trade Unionism ... . tº º e o tº e tº gº 1 ... . . . 1 Grand Totals ... .. 7 12 13 | . . . 32 * The roman figures show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes, which began in that in progress in 1908. The aggregate duration is computed CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1908. 73 IN 1908–CLOTHING TRADES. PEOPLE involved in such DISPUTES, and AGGREGATE DURATION in WORKING classified by Result and Principal Cause—continued. day, have been omitted, eveept when the aggregate duration eaceeded 100 working days.] . Number of Workpeople directly ſ Aggregate Duration” in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes, beginning in 1908, Total all Disputes in progress in 1908, the tº the Results of which were— Results of which were— Aggregate Total In- p Duration * Directly | directly - In In involved.} i In In 111 favºur tºur Compro- In- InVOIVed. III- tºur fºur Compro- In- Working O O O O tº Work- Em- mised. definite. volved, Work- Em- mised. definite, Days people, ployers. people. ployers. - g 10 326 29 365 12 40 11,726 551 * * 12,317 185 | 1,087 280 1,552 780 || 1786 6,840 4764. . 13,390 tº ºt tº º 255 255 20 62 82 15 544 195 739 41 .. 41 492 492 256 1,413 371 2,040 807 2,862 18,566 5,510 26,938 255 255 i -** tº º 33 33 Il 5,500 fi,500 250 250 & Q tº º 33 33 11 tº º º 5,500 5,500 250 250 tº e tº e 30 30 210 tº º 1,440 1,440 104 306 410 231 1,000 13,540 14,540 183 91 • * 274 1,638 273 1,911 183 104 427 714 441 1,638 1,000 || 15,253 17,891 i 309 tº gº tº e 309 20 5,000 5,000 ... 60 45 105 600 135 795 309 60 45 | .. 414 20 5,000 600 135 5,735 * * 32 º tº º 32 150 tº e 1,092 tº tº 1,092 4,050 7,630 11,680 748. 1,609 876 tº gº 3,233 1,429 9 500 21,258 26,398 57,156 4,050 250 3. 12,185 year ; those in italics show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began before that year but were still on the basis of the total number involved, directly and indirectly, 12670 F 74 SUMMARY TABLEs, Ib.-CAUSES OF DISPUTES NUMBER of DISPUTES beginning in 1908, NUMBER of WORK- DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress during 1908, [Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one Number of Disputes beginning in 1908, Total & the Results of which were — No. Of Principal Cause or Object. Disputes I I 'begin- D. In g favour favour | Compro- In- In Ing Of Of in 1908. Work- Em- mised. definite. people. ployers. Wages For increase . . tº gº tº º tº ſº tº º tº º 3 6 tº º 9 Against decrease o º tº º * > tº º l gº º l tº º 2 As to system of payment of Wages .. tº tº l 3 tº º - 4 Re-adjustment of rates of payment on account of difficulties or ease in working, quality of materials, &c. .. l I & Jº © tº 2 Other .. tº º tº e tº gº © e tº e l * * l tº ſº 2 Totals to tº º fº e * * 3 - 5 11 tº tº 19 Employment of Particular Classes or Persons : For reinstatement of discharged work- - º people tº º © & tº º tº & s gº gº tº & = l tº gº tº ºt l Totals . . tº gº * * & º tº º 1. tº ſº tº e 1 Trade Unionism . . . . • . . . . . . & ºn tº º 1 tº º 1 Grand Totals tº e is ſº 3 6 12 ... 21 * This is the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began in that year, and is CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1908. IN 1908–TRANSPORT TRADES. PEOPLE involved in such DISPUTES, and AGGREGATE DURATION in WORKING classified by Result and Principal Cause—continued. day have been omitted, eacept when the aggregate duration exceeded 100 working days.] . Number of workpeople directly Aggregate Duration* in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes, beginning in 1908, Total all Disputes in progress in 1908, the the Results of which were- Results of which were— Aggregate Total In- 4- Duration Directly directly g . In In involved - In In II]. favour favour |Compro- In- "V9*W*. 1Il- favour favour | Compro- In- Working of Of of of rx Work- Em- | mised. | definite. volved. Work- Em- mised. definite. Days. ' people. ployers. - people. ployers. yS. : | tº gº 131 2,406 tº Q 2,537 30 tº º 262 33,454 33,716 200 tº e 400 e - 600 100 2,600 1,200 e s 3,800 730 106 836 404 * - 12,474 440 12,914 I 30 21 tº º 51 60 21 81 13 40 tº e 53 26 © º 40 66 243 882 2,952 4,077 534 2,686 12,757 35,134 50,577 : | i ſ | ; tº in 33 & e : 33 tº º 57 tº e tº a 57 —— -º-, m- - - - - tºss- & e 33 33 tº e 57 57 | i | * e & 250 250 1,000 1,000 i 243 915. 3,202 ; 4,360 534 2,686 12,814 36,134 51,634 computed on the basis of the total number involved, directly and indirectly, F 2 12670 suMMARY TABLEs. Ib.—CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1908—MISCELLANEOUS NUMBER of DISPUTES beginning in 1908, NUMBER of WoRK- DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress during 1908, [Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than 07:6 —-º Number of Disputes beginning in 1908, Total the Results of which were— No. Of tº º - Disputes Principal Cause or Object, begin- In In in or tºur fºur Compro- In- * O O ;+2 in 1908. Work- Em- mised. definite, people. ployers. Wages: For incroase .. 2 7 4 13 Against decrease to 3 tº it * * © e. 2 § 6 11 As to system of payment of wages l 2 3 Re-adjustment of rates of payment on l 1 account of diſficulties or ease in Working, quality of materials, &c. Other tº e e tº tº e e y tº e & a tº º l Totals e is 6 13 10 29 Hours of Labour : For decrease .. * @ l l Other e tº e e º e tº & e & 2 e - Totals .. e Q 1. 2 3 Employment of Particular Classes or Pérsons : Disputes between classes of workpeople l 0 & l Employment of women instead of men 1 2 & 6 3 Employment of apprentices and boys., l 1 For reinstatement of discharged work— * tº 3 I 4 people. Against employment of certain officials l e tº l Other l l Totals 1 8 2 11 Working Arrangements, Rules, and Disci- pline (other than above): Against change in existing arrange- l I ment.S. Other tº e * * tº e * 9 e º l 2 Totals & e 2 1 3 Trade Unionism . . . . . . . . 2 Sympathetic Disputes 1 3 Grand Totals 8 29 14 51 * The roman figures show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began in that in progress in 1908, The aggregate duration is computed CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1908. 't 7 TRADES AND EMPLOYEES OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES. PEOPLE involved in such DISPUTES, and AGGREGATE DURATION in WORKING classified by Result and Principal Cause — continued. day have been omitted, eacept when the aggregate duration ea'eeeded 100 working days.] . Number of Workucople directly g . Aggregate Duration* in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes, beginning in 1908, Total all Disputes in progress in 1908, the the Results of which were— Results of which were— Aggregate Total In- *. Duratic n” Directly | directly ; s In In involved & In In | 1I] favour favour | Compro- In- © in- favour favour Compro- In- Working O Of & definite. volved. ,9 Of e definite. - Work- Em- mised. Work- Elm- mised. Davs people. ployers. t people. ployers. tly.S. } | : 139 172 748 . . 1,059 | 152 3,332 6.275 7,416 17,0.3 712 1,447 2, 150 49 115 457 tº º 621 | tº ſº 1,614 1,690 18,379 ë tº 21,713 - . 64S 648 12 205 & © * * 217 | tº e 300 470 tº º tº & 77) - 765 . 765 18 & & * tº 18 tº g & º 250 tº º tº e 250 32 | .. tº E tº gº 32 .. 96 . 96 232 510 | 1,205 || .. 1,947 152 5,372 8,685 25,795 e & 39,852 - - - 1,477 2.095 - 3,572 14 tº º tº ſº is & 14 tº o 28 tº a & º tº gº 28 1,132 tº e & 1,132 & ſº . . 10,105 ſº º tº ſº 10,105 14 1,132 is e tº º 1,146 ſº tº 28 10,105 tº g $ tº 10,133 tº e as e - 250 tº a 250 tº º tº º ſº tº 19,230 tº wº 19,230 40 157 tº tº tº º 197 98 40 2,810 & & * & 2,850 * @ 10 < * † : , 10 *º º . . 200 tº & tº º 200 tº ſº 256 118 is 374 ſº tº tº tº 714 2,450 tº e 3,164 40 & ſº tº º 40 & 4 g tº 350 tº ſº tº º 350 tº º 149 tº º ſº I 149 53 tº g 606 • tº º 606 40 612 368 © º 1,020 151 40 4,680 21,680 ge & 26,400 ſº tº 35 | .. tº tº 35 ë $ & e 210 tº a e e 210 16 48 tº J 64 • * , g is 400 144 * * 544 51 48 tº tº 99 tº tº gº tº 610 144 tº º 754 tº º 249 tº º & º 249 e g - tº º 2,282 fe tº gº tº 2,282 32 92 w ºf 124 8 tº as 3,156 960 I e º 4,116 286 2,586 1,713 tº tº 4,585 3.11 5,440 29,518 48,579 © º 83,537 1,477 2,095 3,572 year. ; those in italics show the aggregate duration in 1908, of disputes which began before that year but were still on the basis of the total number involved, directly and indirectly. 78 SUMMARY TABLES. II.—DISPUTES IN EACH TRADE IN NUMBER of DISPUTES beginning in 1908, NUMBER of WoRK- DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress i Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one Number of Disputes beginning in 1908, l the Results of which were— º f Disputes Trades, *— begin- In In - favour favour | Compro- acite ning of Of .#. in 1908. Work- Em- mised. Settled people, ployers. e *— | Building Trades Disputes involving two or more l e ‘º & e I branchcs. Bricklayers and bricklayers' labourers | . l l l & 3 Carpenters and joiners tº tº e G tº a l 2 l 4 Slaters .. © & • * & & tº e tº a l l & © 2 Plumbers.. & & tº º tº $. - tº * * l tº G tº º 1 I’ainters and decorators . . up tº tº e tº - 4 4 tº º 8 Totals e - tº º 2 10 7 19 Mining and Quarrying: i Coal mining . . . . 38 48 46 4 136 Other mining .. • * e ºn tº e - - B & 4 2 e tº 6 - | Quarrying - º © tº ſº º tº e tº º 1 2 3 Totals .. tº º tº dº 38 53 50 4 145 Metal, Engineering, and Shipbuilding : Pig Iron Manufacture º I tº º l Iron and steel manufacture cº 3 3 l 7 Engineering and shipbuilding .. • - 6. 26 15 tº tº 47 Miscellaneous metal trades & e - - l l 5 & © 7 Totals , . tº e & 8 - - 7 31 23 1. 62 * The roman figures show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began in that in progress in 1908. The aggregate duration is computed * REsults of DISPUTES IN 1908. 79 1908–CLASSIFIED BY RESULTs. PEOPLE involved in such DISPUTEs, and the AGGREGATE DURATION in WoRKING during 1908, classified by RESULTs. day, have been omitted, eſcoept when the aggregate duration eaceeded 100 working days.] . Number of Workpeople directly Total Aggregate Duration* in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes beginning in 1908, O all Disputes in progress in 1908, the Aggregate the Results of which were— Results of which were— t . . Total In- * Duration * Directly || directly - . I Il In In In— involved.|| in- In In t In- - favour favour | Compro- definite favour favour Compro- definite Working O Of º or Un- volved. Of of * or Un- Work | Em. mised. ºt. Work- Em— mised. settled Days. people. ployers. . * - people. ployers. sº 16 . . . 16 tº ſº tº gº 32 | . . . & Cº. 32 856 856 60 14 130 $ iº 204 138 2,688 240 3,500 tº º 6,428 13 71 75 tº º 159 tº tº 39 1,218 975 . . 2,232 14 325 tº tº 339 10 tº tº 776 14,150 © . 14,926 100 gº º tº e 100 * * tº º 1,800 tº e º ºg 1,800 & ºt 616 1,280 g tº 1,896 30 • * 12,690 34,955 tº e 47,645 73 831 1,810 * - 2,714 178 2,727 16,756 53,580 e is 73,063 * - : 856 S56 14,917 22,875 20,494 1,443 59,729 26,360 149,703 306,653 768,948 18,486 1,243,790 31,318 31,318 357 207 tº º - 564 158 tº º 3,331 17,436 tº º s 25,680 4,804 - 30,484 º, tº 40 141 a º 181 30 tº º 730 6,692 tº $ 7,422 548 17,100 17,648 14,917 || 23,272 20,842 1,443 | 60,474 || 26,548 149,703 310,714 793 076 18,486 | 1,271,979 • 57,546 21,904 | 79,459 tº º 181 is ſº { } { } 181 10 ... * * 4,230 & Cº. & e 4,230 - 29,670 29,670 $ $ 1,542 163 54 1,759 1,839 tº ºt 60,254 23,188 677 84,119 408 23,281 2,388 § º 26,077 26,595 6,046 3,534,192 94.218 & 3,634,456 7,816 170 is º 7,986 192 20 841 & e 1,653 874 2,540 520 67,970 tº º 71,030 4,170 4,170 600 24,974 3,392 54 29,020 || 29,318 8,586 3,599,196 | 185,376 677 3,793,835 41,656 170 41,826 years ; those in italics show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began before that year but were still on the basis of the total number involved, directly and indirectly. [Continued on pages 80 and 81.] SUMMARY TABLES. II—DISPUTES IN EAGH TRADE NUMBER of DISPUTES beginning in 1908, NUMBER of WORK- DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress [Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one Number of Disputes beginning in 1908, Total the Results of Which were— to {l No. of * Disputes Trades. begin- In In - favour favour |Compro- d site mlng O Of .* in 1908. Work- Enn- mised. settled people. ployers. - e Textile Trades: Cotton spinning tº gº tº e * 5 7 5 17 Cotton weaving tº º 4 & * @ tº a l 5 10 16 Woollcri and worsted manufacture .. l l 2 4 Linen and jute manufacture 9 2 11 Minor textile trades .. s tº º º e a l 3 3 7 Printing, bleaching, dyeing, and 6 5 3 14 finishing. - Totals e e 14 30 25 69 Clothing Trades: Boot and shoe manufacture • tº tº tº 6 7 8 21 Tailoring trade e G e - & e e e 1 2 3 Other clothing trades tº º e e e tº l 4 3 * G 8 Totals - - c - tº s 7 12 13 .* 32 Transport Trades : Tailway Service tº ºn 2 tº e 2 Dock and riverside labour 2 4 8 14 Other transport trades tº e l 2 2 5 Totals . . . . . . 3 6 12 | 21 Miscellaneous Trades: IPrinting and allied trades .. tº º g e & e 4 4 dº tº 8 Woodworking and furnishing trades . . 6 11 3 20 Brick, glass, pottery, chemicals, &c., is e 4 2 6 manufacture. Food and tobacco manufacture .. tº ºr l 5 l 7 Other trades & © • . l 5 3 9 Totals tº 3 & Cº tº s 8 29 13 50 Employees of Local Authorities .. tº º 1 1 Grand Totals .. 79 171 144 5 399 * The roman figures show the aggregate duration of disputes in 1908 which began in that in progress in 1908. The aggregate duration is computed RESULTS OF DISPUTES IN 1908. S1 IN 1908–0LASSIFIED BY RESULTS-continued. PEOPLE involved in such DISPUTES, and the AGGREGATE DURATION in WORKING during 1908, classified by RESULTS-continued. day, have been omitted, eacept when the aggregate duration exceeded 100 working days.] . Number of Workpeople directly Total Aggregate Duration* in Working Total involved in Disputes beginning in 1908, Ot;2, Days of all Disputes in progress in 1908, the Results of which were— the Results of Which Were— Aggregate Total In- - Duration* Directly directly as In In º in- In In IIl In- involved.|| in In- fºur tagur Compro- º volved tºur tºur Compro- º Working Work— Em- mised. 9.3%; y || Work- Em— mised. | *.*.*, people. ployers. settled. people. ployers. settled. Day3. 1,508 887 | 110,353 112,748 h 10,378 39,410 40,380 4,860,066 4,939,856 . | 5,654 29,500 35,154 10 557 3,967 4,534 i. 1,422 60 33,249 280,260 313.569 | i i 9,408 15,100 24,508 10 31 6} 102 º' 147 189 1,449 633 2,271 ; | . 150 150 e i 551 250 801 ; 866 11,273 1,504 12,777 | » 103 110 181 394 | 379 4,104 2,530 11,414 18,048 - | : 687 114 203 1,004 || 128 2,797 1,622 10,494 14,913 i 3,850 t 3,850 2,318 2,250 |115,015 119,583 13,220 46,560 90,503 |5,164 371 i 5,301,434 - I5,062 I5,100 33,500 i 63,662 716 462 482 1,660 1,429 9,244 15,728 24,175 49,147 º 4,050 90 4,140 30 136 166 * - 90 408 498 250 ! 250 32 1,117 258 1,407 256 5,440 J,815 7,511 - 7.795 7,795 748 1,609 876 3,233 1,429 9 500 21,258 26 398 57 156 4,050 250 7,885 12,185 | | 78 78 ºr 305 305 230 152 1,105 1,487 180 2,660 283 3,876 6,819 13 763 2,019 2,795 404 26 12,531 31,953 44,510 243. 915 3,202 4,360 | 534 2,686 12,814 36,134 51,634 - { - . 431 266 .. 697 66 ... . . 4,018 4,432 .. 8,450 - . t t : 230 330 283 846 1413 | 11,548 20,742 36,702 t - 552 615 1,167 | 238 402 640 74 & 1,010 20,036 ſº º 21,046 - S32 . 832 42 328 149 519 106 1,000 1,661 1,414 4,075 14 1,259 562 tº a 1,835 65 28 11,281 1,811 13,120 : ' ' - 925 648 1,573 286 2,586 1,665 4,537 | 3.11 5,440 29,518 48 435 tº - 83,393 - 1,477 2,095 3,572 48 tº º 48 tº º 144 tº Q 144 w | 19,185 56,437 ||146,850 1,497 assass 71,538 225 202 |4,080,759 6,307.514 19,163 |10,682,88s , i 19,112 I16,029 66,410 201,55 year; those in italics show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which began before that year but were still on the basis of the total number involved, directly and indirectly. SUMMARY TABLES. III.—METHODS OF SETTLEMENT DISPUTEs in each Trade beginning in 1908, classified according (1.) NUMBER OF DISPUTEs. º No. of Disputes settled º By re- Other- º: turn to Wise negoti- By work By (includ-| Total Trades. .#. | By Sºlº sº. By |.jpg | ". bºnº..."ºº"; Diºs. aſſº OF **|Media- with || Work-] Works, or Un- D their tion. out people. Settled represen- * 3:S negoti- Dis- tatives. tution. putes). Building Trades .. tº e 8 5 2 1 3 19 Mining and Quarrying. Coal Mining tº º & º 94 9 9 13 4 2 5 136 Other Mining a n d 7 l tº º tº ſº. * I tº º 9 Quarrying. Totals gº º tº ſº 101 10 9 13 4. 3 5 145 Metal, Engineering, and shipbuilding. Iron and Steel tº ſº {º º 4 2 * tº § & l l 8 Engineering and Ship- 24 l 4 7 11 ſº * 47 building. Miscellaneous Metal 6 tº º ºf tº 7 Totals 34 3 4. 7 11 2 1. 62 Textile Trades. Cotton Spinning gº º , 11 ſº 2 2 2 tº gº tº dº 17 Cotton Weaving e 11 tº º 3 ſº 2 * * e 16 Woollen and Worsted 3 & I e g tº ; e 4 Timen and Jute , . 6 tº º tº º 5 ſº tº º ſº ll Cther . . tº tº tº dº 12 l 3 2 3 ſº tº 21 Totals & vº 43 1. 9 9 7 * * 69 Clothing e tº a g & & 19 3 | 4. 1 | al 1 | 32 l Transport . . ... -- 15 # 4 2 | | 21 | ------------ - - - Miscellaneous. Print in g a n d Allied 4 l 1 1 l 3 tº Trades. Woodworking and Fur- 10 2 8 tº º 20 nishing. ‘º. | Brick, Glass, Pottery, &c. 2 l * 1 2 : { } 6 Food and Tobacco & 4 ſº e gº tº 3 * 7 Other . . . . . . 6 tº ſº 3 e * & 9 Totals . . . . 26 2 i 7 14 50 Hºlºs of Local Autho- * 1 © tº | | * * 1 I’It IOS. Grand Totals .. 247 24 33 | 40 43 6 6 399 * For detailed list of the Disputes settled in 1908 METHODS OF SETTLEMENT IN 1908. 83 OF DISPUTES IN 1908. to the METHODS by which DISPUTES were settled. (2) NUMBER of worKPEOPLE DIRECTLY INVOLVED. 2. No. of Workpeople directly involved in Disputes settled By direct By re- Other- º: # to Wiše, Total ment or By work | By (includ- 4: r negoti- - e directly Trades. afion By Conci- on Em- re- By I º in- |belºn Aºi. liºn Pºlº. ººº- voived. pa.º.o.” Media- with: | Wººlworks, or in: pº OT tion. out people. settled reºn. - * negoti- Dis– tatives. ation. | putes). | Building Trades 436 1,625 550 14 89 2,714 ** l Mining and Quarrying. r goal Miring.. . . .; 38,289 37% 11,441 3,862 538 244 | 1.562 59,729 Other Mining a n d 520 180 . . . . . . . . 45 tº gº 745 Quarrying. ſ Totals 38,809 l 3,973 11,441 - 3,862 538 289 1,562 60,474 Metal, Engineering, and | : | Shipbuilding. ! Iron and Steel . . . . 599 1,214 .. ... . . . 28 51 1890 Engineering and Ship- 2,846 "300 22,078 623 427 .. e e 26,077 building. s ; | i Miscellaneous Metal .. 1,033 : - - . . . 20 .. l,053 Totals ... 4,281 1,514 22,07s 623 427 43 54 29,020 Textile Trades. i Cotton Spinning .. 1,911 i 110,450 | 104 || 283 112,748 Cotton Weaving .. 2,223 2,172 * º 139 & 4,534 Woollen and Worsted 71 . . . 31 * * * - tº º Linen and Jute 358 • * : * * 443 e - º 801 Other . . . . . . 977 54 || 311 82 74 | 1,398 Totals 5,540 54 112,864 629 || 496 ... 119,583 Clothing . . . . 2,566 145 | 862 | so | 91 | so | sess Transport . . . . . . 74.1 * - 2,829 790. | | | e º | 4,360 | | | Miscellaneous. - ! ; - t | i ; Printing and Allied 484 || 14 42 50 107 697 Trades. | | ! : Woodworking and Fur- 586 | | 38 222 846 nishing. | ! Brick, Glass, Pottery, &c. 87 350 | 175 28 .. 640 Food and Tobacco e tº 460 • ... -- 59 : .. 519 Other .. tº º tº e 708 * * | 1,127 .. 1,835 Totals 2,325 || 364 | ag|1.390 Taig 4,537 Bºes of Local Autho- 48 | tº a | tº º | 48 I’It IBS. - Grand Totals 54,746 || 7,675 isoles 7,338 2,057 | 371 | 1,616 |assess by Conciliation or Arbitration, see pages 122 to 124. 84 SUMMARY TABLES. IW.—DISPUTES IN 1908 NUMBER of WORKPEOPLE INVOLVED in DISPUTES beginning in DISPUTES in progress in each trade [Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one day, Groups of Trades. Northern Counties. Yorkshire, Lancashire and Cheshire. North and West, Midland Counties. South Midland and Eastern Counties. Building * * * º º º in º º Mining and Quarrying ... Metal, Tºngineering, and Shipbuilding. Textile Clothing Transport ... Miscellaneous Employees of Local Authorities. Totals Building Mining and Quarrying .. Metal, Engineering, and Shipbuilding. Textile ... Clothing Transport ... Miscellaneous Employees of Local Authorities. Totals ... NUMBER OF WORKPEOPLE DIRECTLY AND INDIRECTLY 937 750 95 1,171 16 19,416 5,589 2,345 11,285 28,195 3,158 3,493 2,219 tº e 418 127,100 2,965 253 225 1,044 852 487 38 213 30 141 54 349 1,190 255 48,453 10,047 136,373 17,733 740 AGGREGATE DURATION* IN WORKING | 22,500 1,215 25,239 32 125,675 124,466 18,664 218,115 29,574 - 1,674 2.93% 1669; 1833; 49,364 | 29,670 94 170 4,382 3,268 5,165,500 | 103,710 4,104 150 '53.162 | 1,363 5,300 14,419 8,894 7,795 4,050 105 2,626 60 38] | 108 5,372 16,287 1,860 693 615 3,126,434 305,238 5,314.385 || 387,881 12998 59,244 61,742 10,106 | ; * The roman figures show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes which which began before that year but were still in progress in 1908. The aggregate and DISTRICTs AFFECTED IN 1908. 85 —CLASSIFIED BY DISTRICTS. - 1908, and the AggREGATE DURATION in WoRKING DAYs of ALL during 1908, classified by Districts. - have been omitted, eacept when the aggregate duration eaceeded 100 working days.] soºn Wales East West, London. 3.11 and 3,8 €S Ireland. Total. Western Scotland. Scotland. Counties. Monmouth. { INVOLVED IN DISPUTES BEGINNING IN 1908. : | 50 30 36 164 325 255 2,892 567 36,851 4,300 6,475 194 87,022 52 1,286 3,835 15,749 351 58,338 e O & 27 1,405 227 408 132,803 625 320 1,109 4,662 1,170 103 681 2,518 4,894 303 606 1,585 490 16 4,848 48 e tº 48 2,148 752 39,535 11,289 23,586 4.851 295,507 I)AYS OF DISPUTES IN 1908. 339 130 360 4,418 14,150 4,680 73,063 S56 S56 e tº e 26,218 471,151 17,183 260,192 10,315 1,271,979 29,458 18,744 79,450 e 4,732 40,653 97,772 370,583 2,422 3,793,835 975 * 3,340 3,195 41,826 tº tº 189 6,137 10,474 8,052 5.301,434 6,500 3,850 63,662 8,304 & © tº 8,400 10,476 57,156 250 90 12,185 12,654 337 1,702 & © º 33,769 51,634 4,716 2,626 34,458 17,950 16 83 393 64S 904 712 3,572 º 144 i 144 | | 26,013 31,417 5 1682 ; 159,968 | 631,749 69,730 10,632,638 2,729 32,798 | 29,433 4,562 201,551 | t began in that year ; those in italics show the aggregate duration in 1908 of disputes duration is computed on the basis of the total number involved, directly indirectly, - - f 86 SUMMARY TABLES. V-DISPUTES IN 1908 CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO MAGNITUDE.* & DIsPUTES beginning in 1908 CLASSIFIED ACCoRDING To MAGNITUDE, as measured by (a) the AGGREGATE DURATION in WoRKING DAYS; and (b) the NUMBER OF WORKPEOPLE DIRECTLY and INDIRECTLY INVOLVED. Workpeople Aggregate Duration No. of involved in these of these Disputes, in Disputes Disputes. Working Days.f Limits of Groups. beginning in 1908. Percentage | Aggregate |Percentage Number. “... i.i.”| #. “... i.i. Classified according to Aggregate Duration in Working Days. (f) Disputes with an aggregate duration of- 100,000 days and upwards .. 5 171,900 || 58°2 8,627,221 79-6 50,000 and under 100,000 days .. 6 10,404 3’5 476,177 4 * 4 25,000 and under 50,000 days .. 22 18,037 6"1 753,090 6'9 15,000 and under 25,000 days .. 9 9,615 3'2 174,375 1"6 10,000 and under 15,000 days .. 22 15,562 5°3 255,781 2°4 5,000 and under 10,000 days .. 31 10,581 3°6 201,969 1’9 2,500 and under 5,000 days .. 48 20,976 7-1 173,183 1°6 1,000 and under 2,500 days .. 71 20,441 6°9 111,267 1°0 500 and under 1,000 days . . . 58 10,024 8’4 41,907 0.4 250 and under 500 days tº gº 39 4,020 1° 4 13,314 0°l Under 250 days” .. tº º tº e 88 3,947 1°3 9,591 0°l Totals tº e tº tº 399 295,507 || 100'0 10,837,875 100'0 Classified according to Total Number of Workpeople Directly and Indirectly involved. Disputes involving— 5,000 workpeople and upwards 6 182,089 61°6 8,319,954 76'8 2,500 and under 5,000 . . * * 4 13,857 4*7 . 372,289 3° 4 1,000 and under 2,500 . . . . . 28 37,976 12" 9 605,062 5°6 500 and under 1,000 & º tº g 32 22,888 7.7 476,467 4'4 250 and under 500 - - & ºt 45 15,054 5'1 374,616 3°5 100 and under 250 • * , * * 100 . 16,278 5*5 497,198 4°6 50 and under 100 . . tº º & Cº. 56 3,926 l"3 103,461 0'9 25 and under 50 . . © to & e 71 2,499 0-9 62,325 0°6 Dnder 25* . . . . . . . . 57 940 0°3 26,503 0°2 Totals • e º e 399 295,507 || 100'0 10,837,875 100'0 * Disputes involving less than 10 workpeople, and those which lasted less than one day have been omitted, except when the aggregate duration exceeded 100 working days. f The aggregate duration as stated in this Table refers exclusively, to disputes beginning in 1908. It includes, however, working days lost in 1909 owing to certain disputes extending beyond 1908. The preceding Summary Tables state the aggregate duration of all disputes in progress during 1908, whether they began in, or before, that year, 87 SUMMARY TABL. H.S, FOR THE TEN YEARS, 1899–1908. DISPUTES CLASSIFIED BY :— VI. CauSeS ... VII. Results VIII. DistrictS IX. Proportion of industrial population involved in disputes ... Page 88 94. 1OO 100 88 SUMMARY TABLES. WI,_CAUSES OF DISPUTES NUMBER of DISPUTEs, beginning in each of the Years 1899–1908, DURATION in WORKING DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress Number of Disputes, the Results of which were— - Total Principal Cause or Object, No. of fºur tºur Compro- achie Disputes. w;- ºft- mised, lºš people, ployers. settled. ( 1899 153 129 - 175 3 460 1900 128 141 166 3 438 1901 86 167 148 l 402 1902 54 130 81 2 267 Wages .. tº º tº º & 9 tº Q tº tº 1903 48 110 74 tº º 232 1904 39 117 76 l 233 1905 44 106 85 & ſº 235 T906 93 116 122 l 332 1907 | * 116 148 120 * * 384 | 1908 34 105 107 8 249 (1899 4 7 6 17 1900 l al 3 º 6 1901 7 16 6 tº º 29 1902 5 10 5 & º 20 Hours of Labour . . * * . . . . . K 1903 3 7 7 tº º 17 1904 3 5 5 # * 13 1905 3 5 6 tº º 14 1906 6 4 3 tº ſº 13 1907 4 9 3 * & 16 U1908 5 6 3 & O 14 ( 1899 20 57 16 tº a 102 1900 29 31 32 l 93 1901 26 45 13 tº ſº 84 1902 14 30 14 * * 58 1903 10 30 13 1 54 Employment of Particular Classes or- Persons, 1904 6 28 12 tº ºt 46 1905 9 27 10 1 47 1906 15 25 12 l 53 1907 27 46 15 § º 88 \ 1908 9 27 18 * * * 54 r— * The aggregate duration in any year of disputes which began in that year is printed duration is computed on the basis of the total CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1899–1908. 89. IN 1899–1908 (ALL TRADES). N UMBER of WORKPEOPLE INVOLVED in such DISPUTES, and the AGGREGATE during each of the Ten Years 1899–1908, classified by CAUSEs and RESULTs. in ºf Total |Aſſº." ..." Which were— Total In- ºuis ºh were f * ' | Aggregate Directly | directly pºur j tºur tºur Compro- afte involved.}} in - tº: tºur Compro- d chi. e W * #i, ºr. mised. *i. volved. #i, ºr. mised. #. Days. 22,668 46,113 25,716 154 94,651 26,415 || 317,763 589,530 561,423 1,688 1,470,404 16,886 20,846 44,454 717 | 82,903 || 34,648 g; 83% 1áš § 2% 14,203 18,473 || 26,159 30 58,865 || 27,210 2:#; 10; # # 2.ÉÉ 5,795 20,311 || 30,378 249 56,733 || 117,859 15; § láš 2,467 gºi: 4,036 35,403 || 10,118 ºf e 49,557 15,993 gš § § 168 lºš 4,286 16,218 12,253 26 || 32.783 24,495 I##, #; § 136 1ášíſ: 6,155 11,194 21,388 38,737 || 17,086 iš#; #; lºš 1áš. 15,532 30,928 || 41,455 18 87,933 || 49,283 | 161,267 1;ft g; 108 1; 14,882 | 15,871 25,305 tº tº 56,058 || 31,592 2:# 4; § tº tº 1.É 3,564 || 34,951 | 136,221 1,153 || 175,889 || 53,640 1; 3& 6; 8,241 10; 5,654 46,595 57,924 110,173 410 1,860 1,587 3,857 1,408 5,280 6,492 20,242 © e 32,014 69 75 574 tº e 718 || 7,140 400 1,879 45,920 48,199 328 3,378 592 4,198 25,519 i; 182,451 aft aft; 438 2,328 278 | . . 3,044 6,340 § sić 59,319 g; 500 211 3,397 4.108 382 2,537 8; 1š 2% 114 1,222 634 1,970 505 412 # 12,882 § 1,307 629 1,209 3,145 2,882 3,638 5,107 g; is tº § 1,086 609 5,391 * - 7,086 311 || 17,714 8,680 62,015 88,409 . 925 878 277 2,080 2,636 4,684 19,358 §§ s: 236 7,096 1,045 8,377 70S 7,246 35,805 9,548 52.599 - 3,590 3,590 1,913 4,679 1,595 e 8,187 7,036 22,911 103,847 17,341 144,099 3,523 1,996 || 4,892 16 || 10427 34s alſº gift| 2:#; 300 gift 3,076 4,528 2,920 e e 10,524 385, 30.5% cº 36,812 1st: 5,523 4,129 1,784 11,436 6,243 iš ić #; 1; 961 4,877 1,962 22 7,822 4,530 11,232 92; 18,957 66 || 926; 2,394 2,472 1,215 6,081 || 3218 2.80% 25; # § 1,052 2,582 2,746 28 640s 3.317 5i 2%; 57,592 1,204 § 1,184 2,428 1,112 10 4,734 5,580 15,769 27,872 25.940 90 69,671 2,349 4,933 6,417 13,699 6,146 21,599 § 20; sº 2,579 3,584 4,915 .. 11,078 6,300 §§ 78.299 88,936 11% - 36,170 S56 37,096 § i J. §§ jºute which began in an earlier year is printed in italics. The aggregate 12670 [Continued on pp. 90 to 93.] G 90 & SUMMARY TABLES. WI.-CAUSES OF DISPUTES NUMBER of DISPUTES, beginning in each of the Years 1899–1908, DURATION in WORKING DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress during Number of Disputes, the Results of which were— Total Principal Cause or Object. No. of tºur tºur Compro- afte Disputes Work- Em— mised. *i. people. ployers. . ſ1899 25 22 21 & © 68 1900 16 23 18 * @ 57 1901 21 38 20 * @ 79 1902 17 23 23 l 64 working Arrangements, Rules, and { 1903 14 26 16 tº º 56 Discipline (other than above), 1904 7 22 18 * - 47 ... " 1905 5 17 15 * * 37 1906 16 25 11 & © 52 1907 14 30 13 * - 57 (1908 14 16 13 e G 43 r 1899 12 28 6 tº a 46 1900 || 24 18 3 tº e 45 1901 20 14 3 I 38 1902 18 10 1 29 Trade Unionism .. e e • * * * K 1903 14 10 l 25 1904 7 7 l tº 15 - 1905 9 10 2 * 21 t - 1906 * 21 9 2 32 1907 31 9 10 e - 50 \1908 16 9 2 2 29 ! . . (1899 6 6 12 tº º 24 . 1900 l 4 5 1901 2 2 2 º 6 1902 tº e I is tº l Sympathetic Disputes .. º s ... K 1903 - 1904 * @ tº l 1905 tº º l 1 2 1906 1 tº ſº. l 2 1907 l 2 º tº tº 3 : U1908 * tº 6 l º º 7 * The aggregate duration in any year of disputes which began in that year is printed duration is computed on the basis of the total CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1899–1908. 91 IN 1899–1908 (ALL TRADES). NUMBER of WoRKPEOPLE INVOLVED in such DISPUTES, and the AGGREGATE each of the Ten Years 1899–1908, classified by CAUSES and RESULTS-continued. INumber of Workpeople directly Aggregate Duration” in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes, the Results of iſ Total all Disputes in progress in each year, A. t which were— | the Results of which were— ggregate Total | In- • -- * * Duration”; Directly | directly º In In - |} . In In 1Il In— involved.}i in- In- tºur tºur Compro- º : lved fºur fºur Compro- ºte Working Work- Em- mised. 94.9. # Volved. | Work- Em- mised. Or UIl- people. ployers. settled. | people. ployers. settled, Days. ii 8,330 1,732 7,833 © tº 17,895 . 4,323 91,889 56,180 247,645 tº º 395,714 | º 10,350 27.606 37,956 2,220 12,384 4,352 tº º 18,956 | 3,882 13237 184,749 36,679 tº e 234,665 : 10,000 ! 10,000 3,087 9,918 10,180 * @ 23,185 | 9,303 8,982 313,797 368,874 691,653 | i 350 217,030 217,380 3,212 6,967 9,610 60 19,849 8,382 27,385 85,640 105,727 5,600 224,352 . 124,037 124,037 6,916 3,007 3,686 13,609 2,154 55,576 8,931 31,779 e - 126,286 : 107,894 4,557 112,451 1,006 3,315 3,280 7,601 || 2,042 7,418 38,248 68,060 113,726 319 3,026 2,201 5,546 . 2,455 1,008 54,980 100,148 156,136 312 5,964 6,276 1,404 3,159 1,973 • & 6,536 2,708 10,374 50,716 43,907 104,997 * 650 8,650 9,300 1,634 4,619 5,519 & Cº 11,802 2,497 ; 134,917 : 4; 188,217 4,01 ! 658 4, 3,254 6,466 2,747 e - 12,467 6,063 32,943 60,755 116,108 209,806 . ... • * 28,000 28,000 1,166 2,829 1,135 5,130 472 2,900 72,051 22,604 97.555 - 3,506 3,506 17,241 1,157 1,175 e e 19,573 1,515 83,269 16,695 | 49,445 tº e. 149,409 işºsé 500 12,786 9,804 966 221 540 11,531 829 64,182 43,969 1,656 540 110,347 - 5,333 5,333 22,219 3,259 11 - e. e. 25,489 1,019 98,594 71,027 . 308 169,929 480 480 16,723 672 207 17,602 269 89,262 39 190 621 129,073 22,789 22,789 7,613 253 59 * e 7,925 573 52,380 5,700 472 58,552 - 36,303 36,303 7,869 1,358 150 & e 9,377 80 64,797 sº 2,164 e - loº, 5 52 47,913 773 2,064 50,750 2,019 3.19,654 13,924 81,572 & e 415,150 1,350 185 1,535 13,082 543 2,814 e tº 16,439 l,554 79,589 11,556 36,476 127,621 - - 3,502 3,502 9,542 502 1,830 344 12,218 1,173 53,519 6,196 4,160 10,922 74,797 13,458 1,674 7,630 22,762 2,246 3,616 2,371 8,233 2,505 9,504 24,249 72,844 e e 106,597 323 695 1,018 20 10,336 5,324 e Q 15,660 2,500 2,500 50 370 1,470 1,890 250 470 40,261 151,108 tº e 191,839 14 tº 4 14 © tº tº tº 42 * @ 42 1,000 1,000 tº tº 20 20| 60 .. e o 60 º 43 200 243 4,085 2,960 7,045 10 e 23 33 || .. 370 e e 644 1,014 11 357 368 | 546 5,175 5,721 & & 2,888 92 2,980 || 3,554 27,410 960 | .. 28,370 in roman ; the aggregate duration of disputes which began in an earlier year is printed in italics. The aggregate number involved, directly and indirectly. - - [Continued on pp. 92 and 93.] 12670 G 2 92 SUMMARY TABLES. WI.-CAUSES OF DISPUTES NUMBER of DISPUTES, beginning in each of the Years 1899–1908, DURATION in WORKING DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress during the #:::::::::::::::::s— Total Principal Cause or Object. No. Of tº: tº: Compro- die Disputes. Work- | Em- mised. ; people. ployers te (1899 l l gº tº º e 2 1900 § tº ſº l 4 1901 l 2 1 ſº tº 4 1902 e tº 2 1 3 Miscellaneous g tº * - tº º • - K 1903 l 2 tº tº 3 1904 tº º g is tº º tº $. e e 1905 2 * > * e 2 { 1906 l l tº º & ºl 2 1907 3 e tº 3 U1908 l 2 is a 3 ^ 1899 230 250 236 3 719 1900 202 219 223 4 648 1901 163 284 193 2 642 1902 108 206 125 3 442 Grand Totals •. K 1903 90 185 111 1 387 1904 62 180 112 1 355 1905 70 168 119 1 358 1906 153 180 151 2 486 1907 193 247 161 * tº 601 \ 1908 79 171 144 5 399 * The aggregate duration in any year of disputes which began in that year is printed duration is computed on the basis of the total CAUSES OF DISPUTES IN 1899–1908. 93 IN 1899–1908 (ALL TRADES). NUMBER of WORKPEOPLE INVOLVED in such DISPUTES, and the AGGREGATE each of the Ten Years 1899–1908, classified by CAUSES and RESULTS-continued. Number of workpeople directly Aggregate Duration” in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes, the Results of Total all Disputes in progress in each year, which were— the Results of which were — Aggregate Total In- Duration* Directly || directly e In In " . . * In In II] favour favour | Compro- a i. G involved.|| in- favour favour | Compro- achi. e Working wº- （- mised. ºù. volved. w; E. mised lºſſ. D people. ployers. Settled. th people. ployers. & ayS. 75 30 & ſº tº º 105 gº º 75 90 tº e tº ſº 165 770 770 350 tº ſº 1,200 # tº 1,550 2,700 9,855 & & 2,800 e is 12,655 43 1,168 33 tº e 1,244 1,107 1,419 11,976 246. tº e 13,641 1,000 1,000 I79 | 80 tº tº 259 tº ſº. 12,161 160 * . 12,321 l 31 • 786 | 817 68 738 1,688 tº gº * - 2,426 t . tº e 4,197 . . . 4,197 tº ſº tº ſº 4,100 & e tº ſº 4,100 30 70 . . . 800 || . . 519 1,540 .. tº wº 2,059 tº º 282 e G { & º 282 2,345 is & 15,446 ë a tº º 15,446 . 60 60 10 950 tº º e is 960 100 30 3,050 & & ſº tº 3,080 36,808 || 60,859 40,237 154 138,058 || 42,159 450,322 || 852,439 942,099 1,688 2,246,548 f I0,966 20,272 233,530 5,100 269,868 40,612 37,153 56,647 733 || 135,145 || 53,393 || 362,089 || 1,056,980 | 1,624,889 3,593 3,047,551 * 4,484 62,686 36,123 1,850 105,143 30,591 || 38,701 || 41,575 570 111,437 || 68,109 || 342,409 1,696,599 || 1,457,270 2,010 || 3,498,288 11,754 379,114 253,131 643,999 37,187 37,187 42,141 309 || 116,824 || 139,843 288,574 1,216,604 || 1,569,046 8,067 3,082,291 1,590 ,914 129,292 I6S 396,964 29,167 44,956 19,370 22 93,515 || 23,386 257984 748,584 437,147 66 1,443,781 15,507 660,192 219,188 894,887 15,413 || 23,500 17,441 . 26 56,380 || 30,828 174,291 830,181 312,078 136 1,316,686 - - 31,212 84,314 52,008 167,534 16,702 || 23,029 27,894 28 67,653 || 25,850 232,938 569,479 1,492,352 1,204 || 2,295,973 -- } 312 125,293 48,611 174,216 67,159 38,667 52,018 28 157,872 || 59,901 || 525,667 | 1,145 803 | 899,282 198 || 2,570,950 4,375 ,571 405,920 457,866 32,883 27,483 40,362 100,728 || 46,770 || 348,440 696,613 833,626 tº tº 1,878,679 42,391 74,801 I66,280 283,472 19,185 56,437 ||146,850 1,497 223,969 || 71,538 |225,202 || 4,080,759 6,307,514 | 19,163 10,632,638 - 19,112 II6,029 66,410 201,551 | in roman ; the aggregate duration of disputes which began in an earlier year is printed in italics. The aggregate number involved, directly and indirectly. 94 stſ MMARY TABLES. WII.-DISPUTES IN EACH GROUP OF TRADES NUMBER of DISPUTES, beginning in each of the Years 1899–1908, DURATION in WORKING DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress Number of Disputes beginning in each year, the Results of Total Which were— No. of Disputes Group of Trades, and Year, begin- In In º In ning tºur tºur Compro- definite in each Work- İ Em— mised. ºã. year. people. ployers. - ſº (1899 64 40 76 e tº 180 1900 50 49 46 l 146 1901 21 43 40 104 1902 20 13 6 tº º '39 - - - - - - J903 14 20 10 & 44 Building Trades . . . . . . ... K - 1904 11 14 12 º 37 1905 6 12 13 º 31 1906 8 9 19 1907 9 6 7 e - 22 U1908 2 10 7 e e 19 (1899 35 37 36 l 109 1900 49 26 60 1 136 1901 51 92 66 l 210 1902 40 66 60 2 168 - - 1903 30 51 44 125 Mining and Quarrying . . < | 1904 17 48 48 © e 113 1905 18 38 50 tº tº 106 r 1906 42 21 33 © e 96 1907 46 38 28 112 \1908 38 53 50 4 145 (1899 38 59 42 l 140 kiiº its h 1900 23 51 37 ſº tº Ill | 1901 23 51 28 l 103 1902 12 33 26 tº a 71 º . . . . . 1903 18 37 3] l 87 Metal, Engineering, and Shipbuilding: 1904 12 42 20 l 75 | 1905 15 38 16 l 70 1906 32 56 35 2 125 1907 37 65 32 tº e 134 \1908 7 31 23 I 62 * The aggregate duration in any year of disputes which began in that year is printed duration is computed on the basis of the total RESULTS OF DISPUTES IN 1899-1908. 95 IN 1899–1908—CLASSIFIED BY RESULTS. NUMBER of WORKPEOPLE INVOLVED in such DISPUTES, and the AGGREGATE during each of the TEN YEARS 1899–1908, classified by RESULTS. . Number of Workpeople directly Aggregate Duration” in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes, the Results of Total all Disputes in progress in each year, Which were— - the Results of which were— Aggregate Total Indi- Duration* Directly || rectly - In In © - In In II] In- involved. 1I] - In- favºr fºur Compro- d º Ived tagur fºur Compro- º Working Work- Em- mised. | 9.5%; Wolved. Work- Em- mised. | 9...º people. ployers. settled. people. ployers. settled. Days. “I ll,015 1,890 13,875 26,780 3,744 226,877 49,473 76,275 852,625 874 78 630 1,582 4,660 6,807 4,790 16 16,273 2,905 49,629 308,859 341,974 300 700,762 5,064 20,800 º 25,864 2,058 3,247 3,559 8.864 933 22,366 261,677 123,509 º 3.07.552 1,110 83,974 82,212 e 167,296 1,936 1,832 1,061 tº & 4,829 527 13,918 40,956 39,851 tº º 94,725 - 20,700 435 e 21,135 887 1,504 922 tº e 3,313 350 4,231 88,039 22,101 tº gº 114,37] 906 4,555 958 6,419 2,278 15,598 306,678 22,977 | 345,253 260 t 260 805 1,446 3,810 6,061 576 24,633 108,088 279,600 | 412,321 312 - 312 561 732 89 1,382 59 14,364 26,814 4.948 46,126 2,395 7,680 I0,075 4ll 168 579 & Cº. 1,158 72 12,938 2,376 7,669 tº º ! 22,983 145 r 145 73 831 1,810 2,714 178 2,727 16,756 53,580 tº gº | 73,063 856 ! S56 : | } ! 11,539 7,563 7,872 46 27,020 19,811 76,116 90,977 132,733 1,000 300,826 2,485 S,460 187,557 5, 100 203,602 24,682 6,773 13,450 550 45,455 28,909 179,707 103,007 260,411 2,200 545,325 1,500 492 4,365 1,250 7,607 16,807 22,090 22,628 540 62,065 50,916 194,902 822,423 802.507 540 1,820,372 * º 232,721 33,020 i 265,741 30,212 22,366 - || 32,659 280 85,517 123,009 || 178,824 848,858 1,183,898 6,746 2,218,326 480 208,274 122,967 | 331,721 23,394 14,682 11,919 49,995 13,583 || 190,957 181,361 319,860 692,17 I,537 614,325 89,858 705,720 8,703 9,434 7,994 a & 26,131 20,156 82,499 298,874 152,330 533,703 28,421 56,235 38,926 123,582 9,938 10,446 13,685 34,069 10,722 || 133,116 168,997 865,227 1,167,340 58,163 30,011 88,174 52,927 3,690 7,439 64,056 19,777 || 383,349 59,282 187,133 629,764 * 630 39,035 252,673 292,338 19,511 7,602 8,516 & & 35,629 16,938 || 125,751 246,272 94,503 s º 466,526 34,246 68,289 102,535 14,917 23,272 20,842 1,443 60,474 26,548 || 149,703 310,714 793,076 18,486 1,271,979 57,546 21,904 79,450 4,662 4,894 4,791 80 14,427 6,692 61,172 192,781 133,178 338 387,469 959 ,056 24, 176 33,191 2,072 3,514 4,814 10,400 9,410 42,066 93,047 172,985 tº º 308,098 º 2,984 34,148 3,900 41,032 3,295 4,768 5,627 30 13,720 8,769 49,039 312,635 114,699 1,470 477,843 -7 S,142 32,168 3,400 123,710 1,017 3,682 4,931 tº º 9,630 6,284 48,781 103,851 254,602 º ºg 407,234 ºf Y ºt 960 6,430 3,570 I(38 13,128 2,685 20,934 4,115 22 27,756 4,624 22,796 227,358 69,575 66 3.19.795 12,150 19,741 129,330 161,231 2,952 4,123 1,548 26 8,649 3,481 13,962 76,07: 65,956 136 156,126 SI 16,538 12,684 29,303 1,409 4,120 1,901 28 7,458 5,295 31,669 161,423 195,655 1,304 389,951 59,020 18,600 77,620 2,926 14,279 6,156 28 23,389 18,660 42,377 704,486 366,207 198 1,113,268 º ,52 490 5,014 2,907 4,648 4,343 11,898 7,678 62,201 102,019 193,139 tº e I $57,359 - 4,130 74,80 ,343 t 110,274 600 24,974 3,392 54 29,020 29,318 8,586 3,599,196 185,376 677 3,793,835 41,6 170 | 41,826 number involved directly and indirectly. in roman ; the aggregate duration of disputes which began in an earlier year is printed in italics. The aggregate [Continued on pages 96 to 89.] 96 SUMMARY TABLES. VII.-DISPUTES IN EACH GROUP OF TRADES NUMBER of DISPUTES, beginning in each of the Years 1899–1908, DURATION in WORKING DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress Number of Disputes beginning in each year, the Results of Total which Were— No. Of Disputes Group of Trades and Year. begin- In In In- ning tºur tºur Compro- definite in each Work— Fºm- mised. ài. year. people. ployers. * Q f 1899 40 48 36 & A 124 1900 36 2% 34 96 1901 35 37 24 it tº 96 1902 15 49 17 I 82 1903 12 33 10 is gº 55 Textile Trades tº º tº dº & ºf • K 1904 6 30 16 tº tº 52 1905 12 37 18 67 1906 31 43 50 124 1907 56 57 40 153 \ 1908 14 30 25 ſº tº 69 f 1899 16 12 9 th 37 1900 14 15 S l 38 1901 11 17 11 39 * 1902 10 6 7 tº º 23 1903 8 10 7 25 Clothing Trades . . . . . . . . < : 1904 9 | }l 6 dº ſº. 26 1905 7 14 8 tº º 29 1906 17 12 13 tº 42 1907 22 24 18 tº º 64 U1908 7 12 I3 & Cº. 32 r 1899 10 21 16 47 1900 9 23 18 50 1901 8 3 tº º 20 1902 3 9 2 14 e 1903 § Q 3 gº tº 15 Transport Trades , . . . . . . 1904 2 7 l 10 1905 2 7 2 e 11 1906 5 12 2 tº º 19 1907 6 17 6 29 U1908 8 6 12 tº is 21 * The aggregate duration in any year of disputes which began in that year is printed duration is computed on, the basis of the Results OF DISPUTES IN 1899–1908. 97 IN 1899–1908—ClASSIFIED BY RESULTS-continued. NUMBER of WoRKPEOPLE INvolved in such DISPUTEs and the AGGREGATE during each of the TEN YEARS 1899–1908, classified by RESULTS-continued. Number of Workpeo le directly Aggregate Duration” in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes, the Results of Total all Disputes in progress in each year, which were— - • the Results of which were-- Aggregate Total Indi- - ** Duration* Directly || rectly in In In - y - In In - I tºur favºr Compro- deite involved.|| in- favºur fºur Compro- dºw Working O O O O - Un- t work- Em- mised. | 9.9m. volved. I wºk- Em- mised. | * people. ployers. Settled. people. ployers. settled. Days. 6505 39,230 6,087 & & 51,822 9,677 º 444,348 51,344 5%; 6.64 6,6 5,571 4,785 5,215 .. 1557, 8.572 I ºf 250,422 | 101,365 400,928 : 10,300 ... 140 10,440 4,419 4,030 3,120 tº º 11,569 | 5,040 45,406 134,696 42,817 222,919 * 2 970 52,402 53,444 1,858 4,589 2,010 29 8,486 8,220 18,903 123,827 65,085 1,321 209,136 . 28,924 320 29,244 1,069 3,690 733 . . 5,492 || 3,966 || 22,615 83304 6,295 111,114 i 520 5.404 - 5,924 630 2,487 5,494 8,611 # 4,437 3,860 76,342 37,717 | .. I17,919 i 2,600 1,035 3,635 1,881 3,280 5,244 10,405 5,381 22,573 . 57,417 46,493 126,483 9,209 | 15,919 || 31,761 | .. 56889 || 18325 | 58,511 288,116 268.398 615,025 I,350 2,162 144,462 147,974 6,786 8,659 12,408 27,853 19,576 105,188 273,348 195,294 573,830 ,640 65,990 68,630 2,318 2,250 115,015 .. 119,583 || 13,220 || 46,560 90,503 5,164,371 5,301,434 15,062 | 15,100 33,500 63,662 | 516 423 515 1,454 804 14,389 15,141 11,466 & º 40,996 i 936 222 1,158 821 993 151 160 2,125 29 7,654 37,229 1,810 560 47,253 . II,000 1,868 12,868 l,826 807 900 3,533 602 18,838 45,817 19,601 84.256 | 1,514 1,614 3,128 563 1,211 482 || 2,256 | 534 14,020 28,072 11,802 e 53,894 I50 150 327 1,392 487 * * 2,206 || 270 9,169 98,412 12,151 to º 119,732 I,300 15,150 16.450 1,022 179 167 1,368 80 ,6 3,403 2,002 13,092 : 110 II0 1,156 722 1,112 2,990 550 2,403 12,292 56,740 71,435 731 1,040 5,373 7,144 1,768 12,073 14,937 65,129 e - 92,139 1,819 877 7,478 10,174 || 1,469 32,589 14,543 *]; 277,291 658 748 1,609 876 3,233 1,429 9,500 21,258 26,398 57,156 4,050 250 7,885 12, 185 1,678 4,248 5,809 11,735 876 12,497 34,069 15,884 62,450 i - 1,575 12,460 6,258 tº e 20,293 2,733 16,656 233,606 53,518 - & 308,780 | 1,453 713 443 tº c 2,609 73 2,763 7,940 2,425 e e 13,128 25, 184 25,184 453 734 148 tº º 1,335 255 2,316 7,129 582 10,027 407 1,133 592 e e 2,132 40 4,463 18,828 3,988 tº e 26,779 220 1,419 70 1709 | 50 6,870 32,213 280 39,363 2,980 2,980 200 1,607 305 tº º 2,112 1,500 46,994 18,595 67,089 l 135 l,331 100 1,566 || 322 553 9,188 280 10,021 746 3,442 4,147 a tº 8,335 373 1,834 28,106 55,531 e 85,471 243 915 3,202 4,360 534 2,686 12,814 36,134 • * 51,634 in."Qman ; the aggregate duration of disputes which began in an earlier year is printed in italics. total number involved, directly or indirectly. The aggregate [Continued on pp. 98 and 99.] 98 SUMMARY TABLES. VII.-DISPUTES IN EACH GROUP OF TRADES NUMBER of DISPUTES, beginning in each of the Years 1899–1908, DURATION in WORKING DAYS of ALL DISPUTES in progress Number of Disputes beginning in Wº each year, the Results of Total which were- No. of Disputes Group of Trades and Year. begin- In Un in- ning favour favour | Compro- definite in each of * of e or Un- year. Work Em- mised. Settled people. ployers. e f 1899 27 33 21 l 82 1900 21 29 20 l 71 1901 13 36 21 tº e 70 1902 8 30 7 tº e 45 Q in Miscellaneous Trades and ...:--K 1903 5 25 6 36 Employees of Public Authorities] 1904 5 28 9 & Cº. 42 1905 10 22 12 & ºt 44 1906 18 27 16 tº gº 61 1907 17 40 30 tº 87 U1908 8 29 14 © º 51 ( 1899 230 250 236 3 719 1900 202 219 223 4. 648 1901 163 284 193 2 642 1992 108 206 125 3 442 1903 90 185 I11 1 387 All Trades . . . . . . . . K 1904 62 180 112 1 355 1905 70 168 119 1 358 1906 153 180 151 2 486 1907 193 247 161 601 V 1908 79 171 144 5 399 * The aggregate duration in any year of disputes which began in that year is printed in duration is computed on the basis of the RESULTS OF DISPUTES IN 1899–1908. 99 IN 1899–1908–0LASSIFIED BY RESULTS-continued. NUMBER of WORKPEOPLE INVOLVED in such DISPUTES, and the AGGREGATE during each of the TEN YEARS 1899–1908, classified by RESULTS-continued. Number of Workpeople directly Aggregate Duration” in Working Days of Total involved in Disputes, the Results of Total all Disputes in progress in each year, which were— i- the Results of which were— Aggregate - Total Indi- Duration* Directly || rectly e In In 3. t º In In 1H favour favour |Compro- a chie involved.|| in- favour favour Compro- d chi e Workin wā- #- mised. | 9.95: Wolved. wºk- *- mised Or Un- g people. ployers. Settled. people. ployers. settled. Days. 893 2,611 1,288 28 4,820 555 9,126 25,650 21,219 350 56,345 2,742 20,945 23,687 1,231 1,821 21,969 7 25,028 835 17,236 30,810 692,826 533 741,405 1,682 5,050 600 7,33 733 3,046 5,298 * * 9,077 I,776 9,095 111,411 351,712 is & 472,218 2,430 2,583 483 5,496 1 148 2,773 850 * * 4,771 1,014 11,812 63,911 13,226 e tº 88,949 J,586 1,586 398 1,621 602 tº º 2,621 553 3,753 52,882 3,177 e e 59,812 : 5,572 5,572 980 1,303 1,210 3,493 346 43,815 36,599 30,816 111,230 | 7,266 39S ,664 1,313 1,408 1,837 & © 4,558 3,326 I7,044 14,268 30,042 61,354 8,110 k 8,110 670 1,676 1,100 G - 3,446 1,090 14,440 42,980 7,187 64,607 1,850 615 2,465 703 2,087 2,891 e 5,681 664 7,939 29,949 57,331 95,219 1,230 i 1,230 236 2,586 1,713 4,585 311 5,440 29,518 48,579 83,537 1,477 2,095 3,572 - | | 36,808 || 60,859 | 40,237 154 138,058 42,159 |450 322 852,439 942,099 1,688 2,246,548 - 10,966 20,272 233,530 5,1 269,868 40,612 || 37,153 56,647 733 || 135,145 || 53,393 || 362,089 1,056,980 | 1,624,889 3,593 3,047,551 4.48 62,686 36,123 I,850 105,143 30,591 || 38,701 || 41,575 570 111,437 || 68,109 || 342,409 1,696,599 1,457,270 2,010 3,498,288 - II,754 . 379,114 253,131 ! 643,999 37,187 || 37,187 42,141 309 || 116,824 139,843 |288,574 1,216 604 1,569,046 8,067 3,082,291 . ,590 t 265,914 129,292 168 396,964 29,167 44,956 | 19,370 22 93,515 || 23,386 || 257,984 748,584 437,147 66 1,443,781 t 15,507 660,192 219,188 894,887 15,413 || 23,500 17,441 26 56,380 30,828 174291 830,181 312,078 136 1.316 686 | 31,212 S4,314 52,00 | 167,534 16,702 || 23,029 27,894 28 67,653 25,850 || 232,938 569,479 1,492,352 1,204 2,295,973 312 i 125,293 48,611 I74,216 67,159 || 38,667 52,018 28 157,872 # 59,901 || 525,667 1,145,803 899,282 198 2,570,950 - 4,375 47,571 405,920 457,866 32,883 27,483 | 40,362 e - 100,728 46,770 348,440 696,613 833 626 - 1,878,679 | 42,391 74,801 166,280 283,472 19,185 56,437 146,850 | 1,497 223,969 || 71,538 |225,202 4,080,759 6,307,514 19,163 || 10,632,638 19,112 | 116,029 66,410 ! 201,551 | ! roman ; the aggregate duration of disputes which began in an earlier year is printed in italics. The aggregate total number involved, directly or indirectly. 100 SUMMARY TABLES, 1899–1908. VIII.--DISPUTES CLASSIFIED BY DISTRICTS-1899–1908. NUMBER of WORKPEOPLE directly and indirectly involved in TRADE DISPUTES in the undermentioned DISTRICTS in each of the years 1899–1908. Number of Workpeople involved in Trade Disputes. District, 1899. 1900, 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. | 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908, England and Wales. Northern Counties 9,382 11,915 18,219 || 12,454 10,089 20,785 9,998 || 17,890 7,826 || 48,453 Yorkshire ... ... 18,890 | 15,116 24,044 60,815 5,673 || 6,662 4,593 | 12,342 13,270 10,047 Iº and | * *is ſºlº ºn was sº lºſs was nº lºsis JIlêSh.II’6. Nºtaland uses sº * * * usi, sº sus, sun Miss OU10tleS. S. Midland and E. 1,378 1,219 2,166 513 362 240 30] 398 925 740 Counties. London ... ... 4,385 12,663 3,026 1,521 998 || 2,195 574 || 8,306 || 2,614 || 2,148 South Eastern | 1,371 2,164 921 1,238 135 58 58 553 | 1,406 33 Counties. sºn, Western | 1.3% 374 736 73 67 796 351 88 606 719 Ollilt;10S, Wales and Mon- || 37,560 || 48,136 36,233 | 73,556 57,979 20,812 31,528 70,399 || 27,724 39,535 mouthshire. **ś"}|117,448 |157,082 |126,887|282,856 sº,770 | 68,247 | 70,421||138,918 100,041 |255,781 Scotland ... ... 59,870 26,844 50,772 21,355 22,571 || 15,915 15,335 49,126 || 33,072 34,875 Ireland! . . . . . 2,889 4,630 | 1,887 2,456 || 7,560 3,046 || 7,747 29,729 || 14,385 4,851 Isle of Man 10 32 tº º s sº "º"|1so,217|1ss.sºs |179,346256,667|116,901 sº.20s 98.50a |217,778|147,498 |295,507 IX. —PROPORTION OF INDUSTRIAL POPULATION AFFECTED BY DISPUTES — 1899–1908. PERCENTAGE PROPORTION of the TOTAL NUMBER of WORKPEOPLE employed in the several INDUSTRIES involved in DISPUTES in each of the years 1899–1908. Percentage proportion of the Total Number of Workpeople employed in the several Industries involved in Disputes. Group of Trades. Mean 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. 1908. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908. "..." 1899:1908. Building . . . . . . 3°1 l'9 0°9 0°5 0°3 0.8 0°6 0°]. ()'l 0°3 ()'9 Coal Mining . . . . . . 6'8 9°1 13-7 25'5 7.2 5'4 4'8 9°4 5'4 8.8 9:6 Other Mining and Quarry- I'3 3'3 3°3 1-0 2°5 1"I 3°1 1°6 1-9 07 2°0 IIlg. Metal, Engineering and I'6 l'5 1"6 1"I 2'2 0.9 0.9 3.0 l'4 42 l'8 Shipbuilding. Textile e e “ º e º & 5'1 2°0 1°4 1°4 0-8 l"I 1°3 6'3 3-9 II'0 3°4 Clothing tº º 0'4 0°4 0-6 0'4 0'4 0-2 0-5 1°3 17 07 07 Other .. * @ Kº 0°4 1.1 0'3 0-2 0.1 0°]. 0-2 0°l 0°3 0.2 0°3 All #. 1*; TICUl Ulrà, 3. * { } e e e º o tº te e tº {} #. and Sea- 2°0 2°0 1°9 2°6 1°2 0°9 0°9 2°2 1°4 2°9 1°8 IſløI] . 101 SUMMARY TABLE'S. CONC[LIATION AND ARBITRATION 1908 X. Trade Disputes settled by Conciliation Or Arbitration ... XI. Work of Permanent Conciliation and Arbitration BOards 1899–1908. XII. Trade Disputes settled by Conciliation Or Arbitration ... XIII. Work Of Permanent Conciliation and Arbitration BOards Page 102 103 104 105 102 SUMMARY TABLES. X.—TRADE DISPUTES SETTLED BY CONCILIATION OR ARBITRATION IN 1908. SUMMARY TABLE of TRADE DISPUTEs (involving stoppage of work) settled in 1908” by CONCILIATION or ARBITRATION, classified according to the AGENCIES by which the DISPUTES were ARRANGED. Total Number of c; OT Settled by Disputes settled by Mediation Arbitration. onciliation or e Arbitration. Trade, and Agency of Settlement. Num- || Number | Num- || Number Num- || Number ber of of Persons | ber of of Persons | ber of of Persons Dis– Directly Dis– | Directly | Dis— Directly putes. Involved. putes. | Involved. putes. | Involved. Under the Conciliation Act, 1896f :— Building . . . • * . e. e. º e 4 1,495 4 1,495 Iron and Steel .. ge e e e e - e l 1,119 l 1,119 Tºngineering and Shipbuilding 3 22,016 l 300 4 22,316 Lace .. tº gº tº º & © tº e 1 47 tº º tº Q l 47 Dyeing tº º º e tº º l til tº Q 9 1 61 Boot and Shoe .. e o l 30 e - tº e 1 30 Dock Labour and Carters 2 2,250 tº o * - 2 2,250 Box makers * * * * * l 42 • - * * ~- I 42 Pottery Trade tº ſº. & tº º tº º l 350 l 350 Totals , . & © tº º 9 24,446 7 3,264 16 27,710 By Trade Boardst:— Coal Mining tº Q tº e 6 10,556 l 443 7 10,999 Boot and Shoe © l 32 2 80 3 112 Totals .. tº tº •. 7 10,588 3 523 10 11,111 By District Boards: :- Silver Working .. e e l 21 l 21 Totals .. tº º © e l 21 tº tº l 21 By Individuals:– Building Trades .. tº 2 550 l I30 8 680 Coal Mining tº º º 3 885 7 2,922 10 ,807 Cotton Manufacture º 6 113,354 e e - tº 6 113.354 Silk Manufacture © e e l 103 * @ º l 103 Lace Manufacture © tº tº º º I 54 l 54 Boot and Shoe .. & e & 2 333 l 65 3 398 Other Clothing Trades.. tº º l 150 tº e º l 150 Dock Labour o e - 2 579 e º 2 579 Gasworkers 1 295 e - º l 295 Bagmakers tº º * - * - 1 14 l 14 Totals .. e e e e 18 116,249 11 3,185 29 119,434 Grand Totals & Cº. 35 151,304 21 6,972 56 158,276 * The Table includes disputes which were settled in 1908 by conciliation or arbitration irrespective of date of commencement of dispute. settled in 1909 by these methods are not included, f In addition, 45 disputes, in which no stoppage of work occurred, were settled under the Act of permanent Boards, on the next page. Disputes which began in 1908 and were f Disputes included under these heads are also counted in the Table, showing the work CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION IN 1908. 103 XI.—WORK OF PERMANENT CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION BOARDS IN 1908. SUMMARY TABLE showing the NUMBER of CASES* DEALT WITH by PERMANENT CoNCILIATION and . ARBITRATION BOARDS in 1908 and the NUMBER of CASEs SETTLED—CLASSIFIED by TRADES. Number of Cases dealt with. Nuper Withd O It noirawn, - Trade. Boards Considered out of order, Referred to stillºnder that dealt y r settled “. higher | sideration With cases. || Boºds. ; º; Board. at end of ently 1908. the Boards. i Trade Boards:– Building Trades ... .. 28 72 6 17 5 Coal Mining .. e Q s e 14 1,263 741 º 30 Other Mining tº e e G 2 2 2 º e tº Quarrying .. tº º e 2 20 2 tº e • e Pig Iron Manufactur tº º 2 8 1 e Q • * Iron and Steel Manufactur 5 12 2 º * tº Engineering and Ship- 13 103 27 e - 23 building. Other Metal Trades 5 43 2 tº º 2 Textile Trades tº º tº º l 11 2 º 3 Boot and Shoe Trades © tº 18 104 14 - - 14 Tailoring tº º tº º tº º l 1 l e - - - Railways tº º º tº tº a 15 108 3 50 52 Dock and Riverside Labour 3 35 3 tº º tº º Other Trades .. tº º tº º 3 3 © & tº G Total, Trade Boards .. 112 1,804 806 67 129 District Boards .. tº e tº º l 5 º tº tº General Boards .. 2 3 e e 2 Totals . . e G 115 1,812 806 67 131 Number Number of Cases settled. Boards #. B B Settie y Cà.SéS, condition. Arbitration. Total. Trade Boards:– Building Trades .. tº e 18 40 44 Coal Mining .. e - e e 14 311 181 492 Other Mining .. e - tº e 2 5 14 19 Quarrying tº tº tº º tº tº 2 10 8 18 Pig Iron Manufacture tº º 2 2 5 7 Iron and Steel Manufactur 4 10 e 10 Engineering and Ship- 12 52 1. 53 building. Other Metal Trades º º 5 35 4 39 Textile Trades tº e G. e. l e Boot and Shoe Trades tº e 14 46 30 76 Tailoring e G & © e e ... • * e - Railways * @ * @ © ºl 2 3 e Dock and Riverside Labour 3 32 & tº 32 Other Trades .. e - • *. 3 l 2 3 Total, Trade Boards 82 553 249 802 District Boards * @ e e l l 4 5 General Boards ... ... .. l tº gº l I Totals . . © gº 84 554 254 808 * The cases include both disputes causing stoppage of work and those in which no stoppage occurred, 104 SUMMARY TABLEs. XII.-TRADE DISPUTES SETTLED BY CONCILIATION ARBITRATION IN 1899-1908. SUMMAny TABLE showing for EACH of the YEARs 1899–1908 the TRADE DISPUTEs (involving stoppage of work) which were settled during those years by CONCILIATION or ARBITRATION, CLASSIFIED according to the AGENCIES by OR which the DISPUTES were SETTLED. & Total Disputes ci; or sº. jº. - - e. I OILI’a,b1OIls Oſlo.113,151OIl OT Mediation. -- - - Arbitration. Agency of Settlement. . tº. Num- || Number | Num- || Number | Num- Number ber of of Persons | ber of of Person; ber of of Persons Dis– Directly Dis– Directly Dis- Directly putes. | Involved. putes. Involved. | putes. | Involved, Uğ. "the Conciliation . Act, 1899 * * e Q 2 449 l 700 3 1,149 1900 ſe tº º l 375 8 192 4 567 1901 * - º 2 3,180 11 6,202 13 9,382 I902 • ‘º tº e & te 6 6 82 1903 e º e © tº 1 90 6 1,272 7 1,362 1904 tº º tº º e tº Q tº 9 tº a 4 14,749 4 14,749 1905 º gº º tº º & ºn 2 499 tº tº tº ºr 2 499 1006 tº º e - © wº © e tº º e G 6 2,142 6 2,142 1907 tº e gº tº e 3 1,771 6 493 9 2,264 1908 e 9 24,446 7 3,264 16 27,710 By Trade Boards :- y traºrus:- . . . . . 236 || 1 53 5 289 1900 º e e e - 3 133 2 1,540 5 1,673 1901 tº - e © e 7 1,134 5 728 12 1,862 1902 º - e. 8 704 tº a is e 8 704 1903 tº º 5 343 5 1,360 10 1,703 1904 - - 6 2,434 l 106 7 2,540 1905 * - 4 331 2 740 6 1,071 1906 e - 9 2,828 3 1,378 12 4,206 1907 • * 3 104 4 1,211 7 1,315 1908 © & 7 10,588 8 52 10 11,111 By District and, General Boards, * Yº. Councils and Federa– tlOnS:- 1899 tº o tº e e e e - 4 515 l 28 5 543 1900 ë º e tº & © l 70 e G s l 70 1901 º º © tº Q ſº e tº to tº e tº º & © 1902 e e & e a c & º 1 177 l 177 1903 © tº º º l 165 l 38 2 203 1904 º º tº o tº tº l ll l 11 1905 & & © © l 150 l 150 1906 * tº e © e l 55 l 70 2 125 1907 - e - 3 1,256 1. 260 4 l,516 1908 e l 21 • 2 * l 2 By Individuals : – - y inuºus;. . ... 13 5,278 || 14 1,756 27 7,034 1900 e © º - 9 4,289 11 ,142 20 6,431 1901 e tº e ſº © º 3 2,165 9 1,515 12 3,680 1902 º e º 5 600 7 713 l2 1,313 1903 o tº 2 310 7 914 9 1,224 1904 tº º w & 4 tº 5 1,333 11 . 2,485 16 3,818 1905 º e º e - 10 4,584 6 674 16 5,258 1906 • tº • * 18 3,434 8 870 26 4,304 1907 e & Cº. 21 7,830 4 371 25 8,201 1908 & Cº. 18 116,249 ll 3,185 29 119,434 Totals:— 1899 e e e 23 6,478 17 2,537 40 9,015 1900 o º e • * 14 4,867 16 3,874 30 8,741 1901 º e e e G 12 6,479 25 8,445 37 14,924 1902 * º © tº • * 13 1,304 14 1,714 27 3,018 1903 e º tº º 9 908 19 3,584 28 4,492 1904 0 v º e º 11 3,767 17 17,351 28 21,118 1905 c - & © º 16 5,414 9 ,564 25 6,978 I906 º • * * 28 6,317 18 4,460 46 10,777 1907 º Cº º & gº tº f 30 10,961 - 15. 2,335 45 13,296 1908 & Cº. tº º e e º 35 151,304 21 6,972 56 158,276 *In addition, disputes in which no stoppage of work occurred were settled under the Conciliation Act, as under :- 1899 1903 e ‘º 5 cases. 6 cases. 12 cases, 9 cases. 7 Cases, 1904 tº Q 7 cases. 1905 e - 12 cases. 1906 • - 10 cases. I907 22 cases, 1908 45 cases, CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION IN 1899–1908. 105 XIII–WORK OF PERMANENT CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION BOARDS IN 1899–1908. SUMMARY TABLE showing the work of PERMANENT CONCILIATION and ARBITRATION BOARDS for each of the years 1899–1908—classified by Trades. | Trade. 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908. Number of Boards known to have settled Cases.” Trade Boards:– Building ... • * tº ſº 7 11 9 7 7 9 10 20 20 18 Mining and Quarrying .. 10 16 14 16 15 13 13 18 16 18 Iron and Steel gº e & © 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 7 6 6 Engineering and Ship- 9 9 11 13 16 10 9 11 10 12 building. Other Metal Trades & º 7 7 3 3 2 3 1 5 3 5 Textile e - e gº e tº • ‘º º 1 l 2 1 2 l tº s 1 Boot and Shoe • ‘º II. 10 8 8 8 8 9 8 14 14 IRailways tº º tº e º {º º & s' s º tº º - tº e 2 Other Trades © 3 6 3 4 8 6 8 4 3 6 District and General Boards 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 1 2 Totals .. tº gº 56 67 57 60 65 57 60 78 73 84 | Number of Cases” considered by Boards. Trade Boards:– | Building . . . . . . 13 29 2 19 15 29 24 5 58 72 Mining and Quarrying . . 829 824 1,036 1,104 || 1,278 1,089 1,451 1,296 1,231 1,304 [ron and Steel e e e & 45 29 | 44 41 55 37 30 30 2 20 Engineering and Ship- 98 116 138 135 104 91 102 75 74 103 building Other Metal Trade 20 15 10 39 28 27 1 5 52 43 Textile e - & © © tº tº º 3 10 20 8 17 25 II. Boot and Sho I75 I47 | I46 82 80 84 67 62 72 IG4 Railways . . tº - - *" or, º * * - - tº º * g. tº º & º 108 Other Trades 43 26 5 26 48 48 29 16 33 39 District and General Boards 9 4 4 6 5 5 5 7 2 8 | Totals .. 1,232 1,190 1,406 1,462 1,633 1,418 1,726 | 1,561 1,545 | 1,812 Number of Cases” settled by Boards. Trade Boards:– | Building • * tº º tº º 9 23 13 II. 10 13 22 33 47 44 Mining and Quarrying .. 370 316 424 450 527 434 657 581 454 529 Iron and Steel tº o tº e 30 20 37 34 47 30 25 21 16 I7 Engineering and Ship- 81 103 114 103 76 69 53 46 42 53 building, | : Other Metal Trades 17 14 10 19 27 24 l 5 39 39 Textile & Cº. tº tº Q & tº º 3 8 7 4 14 12 © º 6 Boot and Shoe 125 107 I0i 57 59 36 38 30 43 76 Railways .. • * tº º . . . . . . • - e tº a º tº º 3 Other Trades 42 25 4 i 20 42 35 25 14 26 35 ; l District and General Boards 4 3 2 2 4 5 4 5 l 6 Totals .. º ºg 678 611 708 704 799 650 839 697 668 808 * The cases include both disputes causing stoppage of work and those in which no stoppage occurred. 12670. EI 107 PRINCIPAL LABOUR DISPUTES IN 1908. No details of disputes are given in cases where the number of persons involved is less than that shown below for the particular trade concerned, unless the aggregate duration reaches the number of days specified:— - W No. of Persons Aggregate Number of Groups of Trades. involved. days lost. Mining and Quarrying... ... - 750 37,500 Metal, Engineering and Ship- 300 15,000 building, Textile, and Trans- port. * Building, Clothing, Miscella- 150 . 7,500 neous, and Employees of Local ^ Authorities. 12670 108 PRINCIPAL LABOUR DISPUTES IN 1908. [The Cause and Result Columns do not Occupation. Number of Work- f Dispute, No. of . [The º: of the people involved. Date of Dispute Locality. works workpeople indirectly * "| involved in the dispute | Direct- Indi- Begin- End are printed in italics.] ly. rectly. Illſig, tº ENGLAND. Building Blackburn 35 | Painters and Decora- 200 1 Apr. 21 Apr. torS. Burnley 36 | Painters and Decora- 195 1 May 9 June tors. Oldham 65 | Painters 350 1 Apr. 9 May Tyne and Wear | 89 || Painters 750 1 Feb. 6 Mar. Wallasey ... 12 Bricklayers' labour- 60 132 || 1 Apr. ; 16 Apr. ers and Brick- layers. SCOTLAND. Glasgow ... 100 | Slaters 325 15 May 7 July ! ; | IRELAND. Cork ... tº º & 1S | Painters 225 30 20 Apr. 7 May ENGLAND AND WALES. Coal Alfreton 1 Gang lads, and 320 1,200 29 Sep. 30 Sep. Illiners, &c. • Aberdare 1 Miners 5,000 29 July | 6 Aug. Aberdare 1 Miners 290 18 Nov. 22 May” Bath (near) 1 | Miners, Carting boys, 567 29 Oct. 16 Feb. * Daymen, &c. Birtley ... 1 Miners, &c, and Me- S 10 35 | 17 Nov. 23 Nov. chanics and En- gimemen. Blaima ... 1 : Miners 800 4 June | 10 June Cardiff (near)... 1 Miners 1,100 300 1 June 1 13 June Cardiff (near)... I Miners 2,500 11 Sep. 30 Oct. Castleford 1 Pony drivers, Hewers, 190 1,400 || 3 Jan. 10 Jan. Datallers, Topmen, * &c. * 1909 f{t}. If,5ING TRADES.—COAL MINING. 109 *efer to the Workpeople indirectly involved.] Cause or Object. Result, Trades. For advance in wages from 83d. to 9d. per . and other alterations in working I’UlleS, For advance in wages from 8d. to 9d. per *. and other alterations in working TUIIeS, For advance in wages from 83d. to 9d. per . and other alterations in working rules. Lock-out on question of working rules, in- volving rate of wages to be paid and date when alteration should take effect, Against proposed increase in number of bricks to be carried. - Against proposed alteration of rule as to taking on men at country jobs. For uniform rate of wages, and other alterations in working rules. Mining. Objection to 5 per cent, reduction in Wages, and alleged reduction in excess of 5 per cent. Men left work without notice, alleging certain grievances. Against employment of three men alleged to be non-unionists. - For advance in tonnage rates to carting boys. - For reinstatement of coal-cutter man who had been put on shift-work for alleged misdemeanour, and for dismissal of a deputy. - Against introduction of new safety lamps Refusal to work with non-unionists Dispute as to payment for working in abnormal places, method of screening coal, and other matters. Pony drivers refused to work owing to alleged grievance. t Dispute referred to Mr. A. A. Hudson, Arbitrator appointed under the Con- ciliation Act, 1896, who altered only the rule relating to men working out of town. Dispute referred to Mr. A. A. Hudson, Arbitrator appointed under the Con- ciliation Act, 1896, who fixed wages at 8%d. per hour from 31 Jan., 1909, and made other alterations in work- ing rules. Dispute referred to Mr. A. A. Hudson, Arbitrator appointed under the Con- ciliation Act, 1896, who amended the working rules but gave no ad- vance in wages. Dispute referred to Sir A. E. Bateman. K.C.M.G., Arbitrator appointed under the Conciliation Act, 1896, who left wages unaltered but changed date for alteration of wages to 1st March. Number of bricks unchanged ; wages advanced #d. per hour after two months. Amicable settlement effected. Uniform rate of 8d. per hour to be paid ; slight alterations made in other working rules. Lads returned to work on undertaking that any deficiencies would be made good. Work resumed on old conditions. Matters to be settled after resumption of work. - Dispute referred to a Court of Arbitra. tion appointed under the Conciliation Act, 1896, which decided in favour of employer. Coal-cutter man put on stone bargain work; deputy to remain in his pre- sent position. Work resumed pending further nego- tiations. (Question dropped ; men are using the lamps.) Non-unionists joined the South Wales Miners' Federation. Minimum wage for working in abnor- mal places agreed to. Amicable settlement on other questions, Work resumed unconditionally. 110 PRINCIPAL LABOUR DISPUTES IN 1908. [The Cause and Result Columns do not Occupation. Number of Work- ispute. - No. of [The §: of the ºdiº. Date of Dispute Locality. | Wºrks, workpeople indirectly & e involved in the dispute | Direct- Indi- || Begin- End are printed in italics.] ly. rectly. Illng. * ENGLAND AND WALES—cont. Coal Chester-le-Street 1 Hewers, Shifters, 443 385 13 July 17 Aug. - . . . . Stonemen, &c., and - - - other workpeople. Clydach Vale ... 1 Hauliers, Colliers, 400 3,800 || 14 July | 14 July - * * - and Surfacemen. . - Clydach Wale .. 1 || Miners, &c. ... 56] | 1 Oct. 3 May” Cwmtillery I Miners 1,440 24 Sep. 28 Sep. Durham I | Miners, &c. ..., 839 21 Sep. 21 Sep. Durham 1 | Miners 780 28 Dec. 4 Jan.” Eastwood 1 | Pit lads, and other | 2,175 | 1,482 || 2 Jan. 27 Apr. - Workpeople. Eastwood 1 || Pit lads, and other 70 700 7 Oct. 13 Oct. Workpeople. Ebbw Vale l | Miners ... ... 800 1 July | 1 July Fence Houses ... 1 | Putters, Hewers, &c., 2,556 3,533 || 23 Dec. 2 Jan.* and Hewers, &c. ... " Gateshead 1 | Hewers, Stonemen, 1,522 12 13 July 18 July &c.; and Staith- 770,621. - Gwaun-Cae- 1 | Hewers, Hauliers, 860 1 Jan. 20 Feb. Gurwen. &c. - - • * : . Kirkby (Notts) 1 || Miners 1,600 23 Dec. 26 Dec. Leeds (near) ... 1 | Pony drivers and 230 776 || 14 Oct. 8 Dec. Miners, Daymen, Surfacemen, &c. - Maesteg 1 | Hauliers and Miners, 94 1,172 | 13 July | 13 July | Surfacemen, &c. Mansfield 1 Pit Lads (under. 84 873 || 6 Oct. 6 Oct. ground) and - Miners. - Morpeth | 1 | Putters, Hewers, &c. 80 1,420 | 20 Oct. 20 Oct. Neath ... I | Miners 800 1 May | 6 May Newcastle (near) || 1 || Drivers and Rope 119 | 1,119 | 15 Dec. 16 Dec. lads, and Hewers, - Shifters, &c. * Nottingham I | Miners tº s 1,250 “ 9 Oct. 9 Oct. Rhondda Valley | 1 || Miners 3,000 500 || 23 Nov. | 12 Dec. Rhymney Walley 1 | Miners 5,000 4 Nov. 5 Nov. Rotherham 1 | Hewers, Fillers, 820 317 | 15 July 28 July (near). Haulage boys, and other underground men and surface- 792.62%, - St. Helens 1 Miners, Drawers, 1,259 213 || 15 July 25 July Labourers, and - other workpeople. * 1909. COAL MINING. 1II refer to the Workpeople indirectly involved.] Cause or Object. Result. Mining—continued. Demand for dismissal of a deputy For re-instatement of a workman at his old working place. Against proposed reduction in wages Refusal to work with non-unionists For payment of county average in alleged unfair places. Against alleged excessive overtime For new price lists ... tº º º Alleged reduction in wages by more than 5 per cent. Refusal to work with non-unionists Because of imprisonment of putters on refusal to pay fines imposed by magis- trate for breach of contract. For withdrawal of notice of dismissal given to a hewer and to six labourers. For advance in cutting price fixed in two Sea,InS. For provision of an automatic instead of a beam weighing machine. - Against 5 per cent. reduction in wages ... Against deduction from wages as penalty for leaving work early on occasion of fatal accident. Against payment below price list... Complaint as to irregular supply of tubs... To compel non-unionists to join the South Wales Miners' Federation. For advance in wages For reinstatement of a suspended workman Dispute as to consideration rates paid to miners working in abnormal places. Against selection of short days for stop- ping colliery. Against alteration in hours of part of afternoon shift. To compel non-unionists to join Miners' Federation. Matter referred to an Emergency Committee of the Coal Owners’ and Miners’ representatives, who refused to interfere with management in employing whom they would. Work resumed unconditionally. Change in system of working adopted. Non-unionists joined the South Wales Miners' Federation. Dispute referred to arbitration. Questions referred to representatives of owners and men. New price lists arranged. Amicable settlement effected. Non-unionists joined the South Wales Miners' Federation. Work resumed unconditionally. Hewer reinstated ; labourers trans- ferred to other employment. An advance given in one of the dis- puted seams. Automatic Imachine to be erected. Scale in force at another colliery belonging to same owners to be paid. Work resumed : matter in dispute re- ferred to and settled by Committee of Gonciliation Board. Advances given to boys found to be below the price list. Manager promised to redress any grievance. Non-unionists joined the Federation. Dispute referred to representatives of owners and of men. Man reinstated. Agreement arrived at by Conciliation Board that work should be resumed pending the fixing of price lists. Work resumed pending reference to Conciliation Board, but question was not proceeded with. Work resumed on employer's terms. Non-unionists joined the Federation. fl2 PRINCIPAL LABOUR DISPUTES IN 1908. [The Cause and Iresult Columns do not Locality. No. of WorkS. Occupation. [The occupations of the workpeople indirectly involved in the dispute are printed in italics.] Number of Work- people involved, Date of Dispute. Indi- Direct- ly. rectly. Begin- ning. End. ENGLAND AND WALES-cont. Washington ..., Workington (near). Bannockburn ... Hamilton we º 'º Hamilton tº $ tº Musselburgh ... Shotts ... Chesterfield Middlesbrough Leeds . gº tº a Workingbon ... I I I Miners, &c., and other workpeople. Miners and off-hand labou?'. SCOTLAND. Miners Underground work- ers and Surface workers. Underground work- ers and Surface workers. Miners wagemen. Miners and oncost workers, Mechan- ics and Surface workers. and Day- ENGLAND. l I Ironworkers Rollers, Helpers, Shearmen, Pud- dlers, Heaters, &c. Steelworkers and other workpeople. Bessemer steel work- ers, workpeople in rail mill, &c., and other workpeople. ENGLAND AND WALES. Chesterfield Neath & Swansea District. North East Coast, Humber, Bar- row, Birken- head, Clyde, and East of Scotland. I 18 Coremakers, Casters, Pitmen, &c., and Moulders, Fitters, Labourers, &c. Iron moulders, Pat- term makers, La- | bourers, Fettlers, &c. | Shipwrights, Joiners, Drillers, Cabinet- makers, Machin- ists, Shipbuilders, Engineers, Labour- ers, &c. 100 218 222 59 400 36 95 1,119 608 101 178 300 650 13,000 |22,000 | 22 July Coal 24 July 10 Aug. 23 Nov. 19 Nov. 20 Nov. 12 Feb. 26 Mar. 10 Aug. 11 Aug. 30 Nov. 30 Nov. 26 Feb. 14 Nov, Iron and Steel 16 June | 17 June 3 Feb. 26 Feb. 21 Nov. 19 Dec. 1 Jan. 8 Feb. Engineering and 21 July | 16 Nov. 29 June 7 Aug. 22 Jan. 29 May CoAL MINING.—IRON, &c. MANUFACTURE.-ENGINEERING, &c. 113 * refer to the Workpeople indirectly involved.] Cause or Object, Result. Minin g—continued. Dispute as to whether a workman was entitled to a new colliery house. Against reduction in wages Employers objected to meet check weigh- men (who were officials of Trade Union) on questions relating to employment of underground workers. Dispute as to rate to be paid in one section of the mine. Against proposed reduction in tonnage rates in two sections. Refusal to work with non-unionists tº º º Against proposed reduction in tonnage rates. Manufacture. Against proposed reduction in wages of 5 per cent. - For guarantee of 50 tons per shift & © tº Against proposed reduction in wages of 10 per cent. Against proposed reduction in wages of 10 per cent. Shipbuilding. Against new basis of payment involving reduction of wages, and against deduc- tions for waster pipes. For advance in wages of 2s. per week in Llanelly, Neath, and Briton Ferry districts, Employers counter-claiming reduction in Swansea district. Strike on the Tyne and Tees against pro- posed immediate reduction of 1s. per week, and a further reduction of 6d. per week in March, followed by a lock-out in other districts on May 4th. Work resumed on employer's terms, Modified reduction accepted. Compromise effected. Pate payable in that section settled by arbitration in favour of em- ployers. Work resumed pending arbitration, which resulted in a reduction of $d. per ton in. One section and 1d. per ton in the other. Non-unionists joined the Trade Union or left the colliery. Colliery taken over by new firm who waived the question of a reduction. Reduction accepted. Guarantee of 45 tons given for long or short shifts, each shift to stand by itself. Matter referred to Mr. W. B. Yates, Umpire appointed under the Con- ciliation Act, 1896, who awarded a reduction of 8% per cent. Matter referred to Sir F. Forbes Adam, C.I.E., Arbitrator appointed under the Conciliation Act, 1896, who awarded reduction of 10 per cent. New basis accepted after revision ; deductions for waster pipes accepted. Dispute referred to Mr. W. B. Yates, Arbitrator appointed urder the Con- ciliation Act, 1896, who awarded advance of 1s. per week in Llanelly, &c., and reduction of 1s. in Swansea. Reduction of 1s. 6d. per week accepted. System of Conciliation to be set up. 114 PRINCIPAL LABOUR DISPUTES IN 1908. [The Cause and Result. Columns do not Occupation. No. of [The occupations of the W orks workpeople indirectly * involved in the dispute are printed in italics.] Locality. Number of Work- people involved. Date of Dispute. Direct- ly. Indi- rectly. Begin- ning. End. ENGLAND AND WALES—cont. Fitters, Turners, and Machine workers, other Engineering workpeople. Engineers, Boiler- makers, Moulders, &C. - North-East Coast - Wednesbury ... 1 SCOTLAND. The Clyde ... 10 | Sheet iron workers, Coppersmith, Tin- Smiths, and La- bowrers. Apprentice Engin- eers, &c. Glasgow tº e G I WALES. Furnacemen and other workpeople (Copper smelting.) Neath ... ... I SCOTLAND. Falkirk 14 | Fitters, Smiths, Grinders, Dress- ers, &c., and Iron- moulders and La- bourers. ENGLAND. Ring Spinners, Card and Blowing room Operatives, , and other workpeople. Spinners and Card and Blowing room Operatives. Weavers, Winders, and Beamers. Weavers, Winders, Warpers, Spinners, Cardroom Opera- tives, &c. Operatives in Cotton Spinning and Weaving Mills. Spinners and Card and Blowing room Operatives. Ashton - under - I Lyne. Blackburn tº dº º 1 Burnley wn tº º I Hyde ... • sº I Lancashire, Che- || 432 shire, and Derbyshire. 8,000 1,016 867. 12 664 175 450 122 1,213 110,000 3,000 330 256 450 1,030 10,000 Engineering and 20 Feb. 29 July 6 Jan. 24 Sept. 9 Nov. 11 Jan. 22 Sept. 19 Aug. 1 July 20 Oct. Other 24 Feb.” 19 Feb. Cotton Spinning 9 Apr. 23 Apr, 28 Jan. 30 Mar. 21 Sept. 27 Aug. 29 Apr. - - 30 June 6 Nov. Oldham e s is I 1,370 2 Jan. 24 Jan. * 1909. ENGINEERING, &c.—COTTON SPINNING AND WEAVING. 115 refer to the Workpeople indirectly involved.] - * Cause or Object. - Result. Shipbuilding—continued. Against proposed reduction in wages of 2% per cent. on piece and 13. per week on time rates. Dispute arising out of dismissal of a work- man, and other alleged grievances. Against proposed reduction in wages of #d. per hour. . Demand for full time or full wages Metal Trades. Against employers' requirement that fur- and draw four charges in 24 hours. * , -- Dispute at one firm as to working con- ditions of grinders, followed by sym- pathetic strike of Fitters and by general lock-out. - and Weaving, For payment by standard piece-work price list. - Alleged bad material ... • e º º e <> For reinstatement of a weaver ... ... Dispute as to prices to be paid for weaving on Northrop looms, and as to number of looms to be worked by each weaver. Claim of employers to a reduction in wages of 5 per cent. For payment of list prices to tenters, and for increase in wages of ring spinners. Employer declined to negotiate pending return to work in a ring spinners' dis- pute at two other firms in Oldham. nacemen should skim slag off furnaces Reduction accepted ; machinery for Settling wages questions to be set up. Amicable settlement effected by Mr. C. J. Drummond, Conciliator appointed under the Conciliation Act, 1896. Reduction accepted. Employer agreed to make up full rated time wage to apprentices whether working on time or piece rates. Employer to remove slag; four charges of 60 cwt. each to be melted per 24 hours; furnacemen to be paid 7s. per day for 53 days per week, and an extra rate of 1s. 3d. per ton for all tonnage over 60 cwt. per charge of 12 tons per day. . . . Agreement arrived at providing for reference of grievances to a Joint Committee. Amicable settlement effected. Material inspected and found to be Satisfactory. Workpeople replaced. Prices fixed ; number of looms to each weaver not to be limited, provided employer and operative agree on number to be worked. Reduction agreed to from the first pay in March, 1909. Grievances investigated and remedied, 116 PRINCIPAL LABour DISPUTES IN 1908. [The Cause and Result Columns do not Occupation. Number of Work- icºnvi. - No. of |[The occupations of the people involved. Date of Dispute. Locality. Works, Workpeºple indirectly * *| involved in the dispute | Direct- Indi- Begin- End are printed in italics.] ly. rectly, ning. e ENGLAND —cont. Cotton Spinning Preston (near)... 1 | Weavers 750 © tº 18 Dec. I 19 Dec. Stalybridge ... 1 Weavers and Over. 356 21 | 1 Jan. 3 Jan. lookers. - West Houghton 3 | Weavers, Winders, S51 68 ||25 Mar. 7 July Warpers, &c., and Overlookers, Loom- - ers, &c. Wigan ... tº ºi º 1 || Spinners and Card 166 30 Jan. q=º and Blowing room . Operatives. ENGLAND. Boot and Shoe Kingswood ... 1 | Boot and Shoe Oper- 150 13 Jan. 17 Mar. - . atives. Kingswood ... 1 | Clickers and other 32 150 30 Mar. 4 Apr. Poot and Shue Operatives. London, E. ... I Lasters, Fimºshers, 65 175 | 19 Jan. 31 Jan. Clickers, &c. London... ... 22 Lasters, Finishers, 309 20 || 2 Mar. March - &c., Clickers and - others. Northampton ... 1 | Boot and Shoe Oper- | 183 20 Jan. 4 Feb. dº atives. - Norwich tº º e 1 | Boot and Shoe Oper- I 53 5 Feb. 15 Feb. w atives. Rawtenstall ... 9 || Slipper makers (sew- 51 7S0 || 23 July 7 Aug. ers) and JLasters, Clickers, &c. * Stafford ... 1 || Lasters and other 30 210 26 Aug. 1 Sept. workpeople. i SCOTLAND. Glasgow & | 15 Bootmakers (hand 170 4 May | 24 June sewn). . SCOTLAND. Other Clothing Glasgow gº º º 1 Machinists and 150 11 June | 16 June gusseters (shirt - making). le TRELAND. Londonderry ... 1 | Shirt and Collar 1,023 12 Sept | 17 Sept. Makers. ENGLAND. Transport London gº tº dº 1 Motor bus Drivers 730 404 2 Jan. 12 Jan. and Conductors, and Garage hands. p COTTON.—Boot AND SHOE.—CLOTHING-TRANSPORT. refer to the Workpeople indirectly involved.] Cause or Object. 117 Result. and Weaving—continued. Because of discharge of a talleged disorderly conduct. weaver for Alleged bad material *I tº º tº º º tº gº is For advance in wages • e 9 gº tº tº • G & Alleged bad material tº º º tº º tº tº º º Manufacture. For reinstatement of five discharged work- people, and for adoption of local state- ment of wages. Refusal to work with non-unionists For reinstatement of a dismissed laster, and other demands. For provision of indoor workshops tº e tº Strike of finishers against foreman on 20 Jan., followed by closing of factory at end of week. Dispute as to price to be paid for a certain shoe. Against new uniform list, involving re- duction of wages. Dispute as to employment of boy labour on introduction of new machinery. R’or advance in wages tº tº Q º e º tº º Trades. Against reduction in price paid for gusseting. Strike against reduction in wages in one department, followed by lock-out. Trades. Against alteration from day to journey system of payment. Weavers fined ; discharged man rein- stated ; investigation to be made into charges against him. Employers promised to supply im- proved material as soon as possible. Wages advanced to Blackburn list, less 5 per cent. New machinery introduced and manned by other workpeople. Four of the discharged workpeople reinstated ; local statement of wages adopted. Work resumed on old conditions. Discharged man reinstated after apology. Compromise on other demands. Employers agreed to give indoor work- shops. Foreman resigned. Price claimed by operatives granted. Modified list accepted. Matter referred to Alderman T. Smith, J.P., Arbitrator appointed under the Conciliation Act, 1896, who effected a settlement. Work resumed at old rates. Modified reduction accepted. Reduction accepted. Work resumed unconditionally. 118 PRINCIPAL LABOUR DISPUTES IN 1908. [The Cause and Result Columns do not Ocèupation. [The occupations of the workpeople indirectly involved in the dispute are printed in italics.] No. of Locality. Works, Number of Work- people involved. Date of Dispute. Direct- ly. Indi- rectly. Begin- ning. End, ENGLAND–cont. Newport 30 Coal Trimmers, Shifters, Tmen, &c. IRELAND. Dublin ... Carters, Dock la- bourers, Canal workers, and Malt- SterS. *> ENGLAND AND WALES. Birmingham ... 1 | Navvies Oilcake makers (Press Room Men, Labourers, &c.), and other Labour- 67°S. - Compositors, Ma- chine Minders, &c., and other work- people. Newsagents, Drivers, Packers, &c. : Boys employed glass works. Millers and Labour- €TS. Millers and Labour- €TS, Liverpool e e - I iondon, E.C. ... l Manchester ... 3 St. Helens & P - l in Swansea tº º º l Swansea º º º I SCOTLAND. Edinburgh ... 1 || Grinders, Mixers, and Shoemakers (Rubber Works). Edinburgh 23 Coopers Glasgow © tº * 4 || Pottery Workers Weigh- | 400 2,000 150 397 107 220 175 149 149 1,062 250 350 100 25 53 53 - Transport 1 Apr. 16 Nov. 3 Apr. 19 Dec. Miscellaneous 3 Sept. 28 Oct. 17 Jan. 13 Jan. 23 Nov. 15 Jan. 27 Jan. 9 Nov. 10 Aug. 6 Jan. 5 Sept. 30 Oct. 21 Jan. 2. Nov. 22 Jan. 29 Jan. 24 Nov. 28 May” , 2 Mar. * 1909, TRANSPORT.-MISCELLANEOUS TRADES. 119 refer to the Workpeople indirectly involved.] . Cause or Object. Result. Trades– continued. Against adoption of Cardiff coal trimming tariff, involving reduction of wages. For advance in wages, improvement in working conditions, and recognition of Trade Union Officials. Trades. For advance in wages of #d. per hour For advance of 2s. per week in wages of pressmen. Against introduction of young girls as apprentice compositors at employers' works at Maidstone. Refusal to work with non-unionists ſº tº Against re-arrangement of system of payment. For advance in wages and reduction in hours of labour. Refusal to work with two men belonging to another trade union. Grinders and mixers demanded to be put on 50 hours week instead of 45, and to have standard rates of wages fixed. Shoemakers came out in sympathy. Against employment of headers-up on work claimed by coopers. Dispute as to price to be paid for certain work. Compromise effected. Dispute referred to arbitration. Agreed to pay men according to ability. Advance of 18, per week granted. Strikers replaced by non-unionists. Society agreed not to interfere with non-unionists. Work resumed unconditionally. Code of working rules agreed upon. Work resumed on old conditions. Grinders and mixers replaced ; shoe- makers resumed work uncondition- ally. Some firms granted men's terms, at other firms men resumed work on employers’ conditions. Dispute referred to Mr. W. B. Yates, Arbitrator appointed under the Conciliation Act, 1896, who fixed prices for the work in question. • ** ** ** ********* •w••••••• *-º-：- 121 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION, 12670 122 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION, I.—TRADE DISPUTES SETTLED IN 1908 BY CONCILIATION OR ARBITRATION. METHOD of SETTLEMENT of DISPUTES (involving cessation of work) settled in 1908” by CONCILIATION or ARBITRATION. other Workpeople in I'mgineering Works. | Numbers involved. - Occupation.i. Locality. Method of settlement. Di- Indi- rectly, rectly. Building Trades. - * Painters e ... Tyne and Wear . 750 & º By Sir A. E. Bateman, R.C.M.G., Arbitrator appointed under * the Conciliation Act, 1896. Painters and Decorators | Blackburn . . 200 | By Mr. A. A. Hudson, Arbi- £º and Decorators § ; | § º * the a.intel'S . . tº ſº tº ſº ldham 35 onciliation Act, g Bricklayers tº º ... Edinburgh .. 130 Pyº,wº º T10 We, B'.lt.l.B.A., F.S.l., 18'.S.A. Slaters Glasgow 325 By mediation of Šir"Wm. Biis. land, Lord Provost of Glas- gow. Painters .. Cork .. 225 30 By, ºtion of Mr. W. H. 62,1011Sºl. Coal Mining, Hewers, &c., Mechanics | Birtley 840 35 By Urgency Committee of and Engi?tement. Joint Committee of Durham UHewers, Shifters, &c., | Chester-le-Street 443 385 Goal Owners’ and Miners’ and other Workpeople. Associations £, Hº ºnen, &c., | Gateshead 1,522 12 * sº (tºld Staith???e)7. - - - Surfacemen Rotherham 246 is tº *. & ºl. # Yorkshire 106 IS ASSOC1&til Orl. #. . . . . º. 5; }By Conciliation Board. Miners Flamelly 'īāj | . Bºº.W. new- ellyn W1111ams, M.P. Hºº flºwers, Sur— Maesteg 94 1,172 By, ºmittee of Conciliation (tcémé??, ccC. O2,1'C1, Miners and Surfacemen | Rhondda Valley ... 3,000 500 | By Conciliation Board. Hewers, Surfacemen, | Swansea. . . tº º 169 80 | By arbitration of Mr. A. H. &c., gºd Other Work- Thomas, J.P. 7000plé. * Uº. and Sºtr— | Airdrie 130 30 | By arbitration of Mr. A. Wilson. face Workers. Mº, and Surface | Hamilton 950 250 | By arbitration. O)"ſtęż“S. - Hº * and | Bamilton 83 2 B. arbitration of Mr. Daniel raw"e?"S-Oſſ. Ull']].S. Miº and Surface | Hamilton 950 250 P. flºon of Mr. Wm. O)"K67°S. ilpatrick. #. Drawers, &c. .. Hº 503 É. º of º: ºit; liners . . ty & arrick-On- 136 y mediation o eSSTS. P. Shannon. Flynn, J.P., and P. McManus. Iron Mining. Ironstone Miners, Datal- || Middlesbrough 180 144 | By arbitration. men and Mecha??ićs. (nºar). Metal, Engineering and Shipbuilding. Shipwrights, Joiners, North-East Coast, 13,000 22,000 |\ Drillers, Cabinet- || Humber, Barrow, makers, Machinists, Birkenhead,Clyde & & º Shipbuilders, Engineers, and East Scotland. By mediation of the President Labourers, &c. X of the Board of Trade. (See Fitters, Turners, Ma - | North–East Coast 8,000 3,000 pp. 41 to 54.) chine Workers, and - J * This Table includes disputes settled by conciliation or arbitration in 1908 irrespective of the date of commencement of dis by these methods are not wº pute. Disputes which began in 1908 and were settled in 1909 included. gº f The occupations of the workpeople indirectly involved are printed in italics, - TRADE DISPUTES SETTLED. 123 I.—TRADE DISPUTES SETTLED IN 1908 BY CONCILIATION OR ARBITRATION.—cont. METHOD of SETTLEMENT of DISPUTES (involving cessation of work) settled in 1908” by CONCILLATION or ARBITRATION.—cont. Numbers involved. Occupation.f Locality. Method of settlement. Di- Indi- rectly. rectly. Metal, Engineering and Shipbuilding—cont. Besgemer Steel and Rail Workington 1,119 608 || By Sir F. Forbes Adam, C.I.E., Mill Workers, &c. and - Arbitrator appointed under other Workpeople. the Conciliation Act. Engineers, Boiler- Wednesbury 1,016 By mediation under the Con- makers, Moulders, &c. ciliation Act, 1896. SilverSmiths and London, W. 21 4 | By mediation of London Labout Polishers. gºliation and Arbitration . O3, TC!. Iron Moulders, Pattern- || Neath, and Swan- 300 650 | By Mr. W. B. Yates, Arbitrator "makers, Labourers, sea. District. appointed under the Con- Fettlers, &c. ciliation Act, 1896. Textile Trades. Operatives in Cotton | Lancashire, 110,000 10,000 | By mediation of Mayor of Spinning and Weaving Cheshire and Salford and other Lancashire Mills. Derbyshire. Mayors. See pp. 55 to 60. Spinners and Card and | Blackburn ... tº tº 450 By mediation of the Mayor of Bºxing Room Opera-| Blackburn. IVéS. Dyers, Printers and | Bury .. gº º tº gº 61 20 | By Mr. W. B. Yates, Conciliator Blockers. appointed under the Con- ciliation Act, 1896. Weavers, Winders, Hyde • & 1,213 1,030 | By mediation of Revs. H. E. Warpers, Spinners, Dowson, B.A., and F. Scree- garoom Operatives, ton, M.A. C. Weavers, Overlookers, Nelson 108 80 | By mediation of Mayors of Dressers, Twisters, &c. Colne and Nelson. Ring Spinners, Card- || Oldham (near) 732 743 By mediation. TOOIOl Operatives, Winders, Peelers, Warpers, &c. Weavers, Winders, West Houghton .. 851 68 | By mediation of Messrs. A. Warpers, . Overlookers, Hamer, J.P., and W. T. Wil— Loomers, &c. - son, M.P. Lace Makers .. . . . Nottingham 47 By mediation under the Con- ciliation Act, l896. Silk Weavers, Winders, Norwich 103 150 | By mediation of Rev. F. J. Warpers, &c. Meyrick. Lace Weavers and other | Darvel * - & de 54 113 | By arbitration of Messrs. R. Workpeople. McIntosh and D. Gardiner. Boot and Shoe Manufacture. Boot and Shoe Opera- Bristol tº º 183 By mediation of Mr. W. T. Sing. IVéS. Boot and Shoe Opera— Ringswood. . . . 150 By mediation of Revs. A. E. tives. #ºs. F. Parker and A. E. Tay. Clickers, and other Boot || Kingswood.. & 32 150 | By Conciliation Board. and Shoe Operatives. Lasters and other Work— Stafford 30 210 | By Alderman T. Smith, J.P., people. Arbitrator appointed under the Conciliation Act, 1896. (Mr. Smith acted as Con- ciliator.) ...” I,asters, Finishers, London, E. . . 65 175 | By arbitration. | Clickers, &c. - Lasters, F in is her s, London, N.E. 20 12 | By Arbitrators appointed by Clickers, Machinists Conciliation Board. and Rough Stuff Cutters. - Boot and Shoe Opera- || Raunds 60 By Mr. G. R. Askwith, K.C., Ar- tives. bitrator to Conciliation Board. * This Table includes disputes settled by conciliation or arbitration in 1908 irrespective of the date of commencement of dispute. Disputes which began in 1908 and were settled in 1909 by these methods are not included. f The occupations of the workpeople indirectly involved are printed in italics. 12670 I 2 124 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION, I.—TRADE DISPUTES SETTLED IN 1908 BY CONCILIATION OR ARBITRATION.—cont. METHOD of SETTLEMENT of DISPUTES (involving cessation of work) settled in 1908” by CONCILIATION or ARBITRATION.—cont. Numbers involved. Occupation,t Locality. Method of settlement. Di- || Indi- rectly. rectly. Shirt Manufacture, Machinists and Gus— | Glasgow .. e is 150 tº º By mediation. Setters, * Dock Labour. Coal Trimmers, Shifters, Newport .. tº st 400 100 | By mediation of Mayor of Weigh men, &c. N ºport and Mr. J. Mac- all 10 y. Dock Labourers ... I Cork .. * @ * * 179 tº º By mediation of Mr. A. Roche, M.P., and others. - Dock Labourers ... Dublin tº º tº º 250 } By mediation under Concilia– Dock Labourers ... Dublin * * ... 2,000 tion Act, 1896. Other Trades. Box Makers º º , , | London tº e tº e 42 is By Mr. W. B. Yates, Comciliator appointed under the Con- ciliation Act, 1896. Bag Makers & º * Edinburgh .. e tº 14 tº tº By arbitration. Pottery Workers ... Glasgow . . . . 350 * & By Mr. W. B. Yates, Arbitrator appointed under the Con- ciliation Act, 1896, Gasworkers tº ſº . . . Dublin a tº tº ſº 295 * * By mediation of Lord Mac- Donnell, * This Table includes disputes settled by conciliation or arbitration in 1908 irrespective of the date of commencement of dispute, Disputes which began in 1908 and were settled in 1909 by these methods are not included. f The occupations of the workpeople indirectly involved are printed in italics. WORK OF PERMANENT BOARDS. 9 II.-WORK OF PERMANIENT CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION BOARDS. TABLE summarising the WORK of PERMANENT BOARDS OF CON- CILIATION AND ARBITRATION during 1908. Number of Cases Number of Cases reported in 1908 as Settled during 1908 i * | ra. Wn, - : out of , | # Boards. Con- order, f :a COIl- B B - Or err e y y º *;"|h; sº- ‘.... * In Cle— higher 1851OIl, 1513,151Oil, Board. dººr Bºrå.] at ºd ently Of 1908. Board. ſ TRADE BOARDS, Building Trades. National Board s & & 4 tº e 4 2 tº º & © 2 & Cº. 2 Northern Centre .. & ſº tº tº e tº 9 tº - 2 • * 7 & Cº. 7 Midland Centre a tº tº e * → 3 tº & I - 2 2 South-Eastern Centre .. e e -> l tº º I & tº s & tº a Tyne and Blyth .. tº º à tº & Cº. 2 tº º tº º tº º 2 º 2 heffield © º tº ºr 4 • & º l 3 tº º 3 Altrincham and Sale 1 1 tº a © º dº tº tº º & ºt Barrow e - - tº tº tº e e e - 6 a º l 2 3 * @ 3 Birkenhead e & & Cº. tº º tº tº tº a 2 to - tº e l l e - I Bolton e - © e º º I • * I tº tº e e tº gº tº e Liverpool & - e. tº e tº a e • 2 - e. a º & º 2 e - 2 Manchester .. 4 tº e 3 º c 1 tº G l ham 2 l l * * & ºt & © © tº Preston * @ tº º ſº tº & © ſº q 2 $ tº l © tº l © ºn I Rochdale .. * @ & º & Gº © C. l ſº l tº º tº tº {º º e St. Helens .. © & tº º e e a º l w º l tº - tº º tº e tº º Birmingham tº e tº a g ºt º º 3 * * l tº tº 2 º e 2 Birmingham Committees 3 tº º a tº e - 3 to º #3 . Leicester .. tº º ºn tº 3 tº tº l tº tº 2 tº a 2 Sutton in Coldfield joiner l tº tº tº e tº a l © e. I Wolverhampton .. e - tº e l tº ºn l tº º * - * * • * Norwich .. tº tº 2 * * * º ºt 2 tº e 2 London bricklayers a e tº - l l ſº tº e e ‘º tº e tº º Southampton a ºn tº ſº tº º & Cº. l ſº a I tº e © º © º & & Dundee joiners .. tº gº e ‘º - e. l w e - l tº tº º © º Dundee plumbers tº º tº º to e 3 e - º e tº 3 3 Edinburgh slaters tº º tº e l & e tº º º l e G I Glasgow joiners is tº & © tº e 7 l ſº º 2 4 6 Mining and Quarrying. Northumberland coal .. ſº tº & º 4 * & © tº tº º 2 2 4 Northumberland Joint Committee .. 120 28 & º 8 79 10 89 Durham coal tº & & © © º tº 9 2 tº º I 6 tº e 6 Durham Miners' Committee .. © 988 678 & e tº º 179 131 310 T)urham cokemen º e e e 44 18 0 - • * 8 18 26 Durham mechanics tº º a tº º 2 l e e e - I tº e l Durham enginemen & e e tº e - 17 5 e - e tº 9 3 12 Cumberland tº e & tº © ºn * - 3 tº e • * o ºr 2 I 3 Federated Districts e 2 g tº e I tº º l l Forest of Dean .. tº dº e l tº e tº sº e - I tº e l Radstock .. º º e tº * * tº º 7 l • * & © 4 2 6 Monmouth and South Wales .. tº & 48 8 & 24 4 12 16 Scotland tº e tº º tº º tº º º º 3 • tº tº tº & 6 2 1 3 Scottish enginemen tº tº tº & © 15 4 e e l 14 tº a 14 Cleveland (iron mining) tº a tº º 18 2 * - e e 2 14 16 Weardale (lead mining) tº e tº e 3 . e - e e 3 tº e 3 West Cumberland (quarrying) tº - 3 º & e tº e 3 3 Weardale (quarrying) .. tº º * - 17 2 * * e tº 10 5 15 Iron and Steel Manufacture. North of England manufactured iron 4 tº a tº º tº e 4 tº e 4 and steel. West Cumberland blast furnacemen 3 l * 2 tº a 2 Cleveland blast furnacemen .. 5 * - e e - 5 5 Midland iron and steel .. tº e e - 2 & a tº e - 2 e - 2 Scottish manufactured iron . © & 2 l * s & l tº e l West of Scotland steel .. e tº * Q l l e tº tº º e a tº º West of Scotland enginemen, &c. .. 3 tº tº * tº tº 3 tº ſº. 3 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. II.--WORK OF PERMANENT CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION BOARDS—cont. TABLE summarising the WoRK of PERMANENT BoARDs of Con- CILIATION AND ARBITRATION during 1908—cont. Number of Cases Number of Cases reported in 1908 as settled during 1908. * Ta, Wn, º - out of ; Boards. order, Re- | * iºd or | ferred i. By By .*|settled to a |*.*||goncil-Arbi- |Total. Bºrd inde— |. at end iation. It ration. "| pen- O&ll'Ci. f dently O Of 1908. Board. 'I'RADE BOARDS—continued. Engineering and Shipbuilding. - North-East Coast patternmakers I • * tº a I tº º } North-East coast marine engineers.. 1 & a tº ºt l e 1 North-East Coast ironfounders 3 tº a l 2 tº º 2 Tyne Shipbuilding Demarcation l * @ & E 1 tº e I Board # tº * - tº º tº º tº e Tyne boilermakers and shipbuilders 3 l s e 2 & g 2 'Tees boilermakers and shipbuilders 19 6 3 10 e 1() 'Tees and Hartlepool platers and 4 l s e 3 3 helpers .. . . . . tº e to e - * Tees and Hartlepool drillers .. º I º • • I e I Clyde shipwrights and joiners tº e 2 s tº - 2 . . • * • *. Clyde rivetters ... & º tº tº * @ 44 19 . . 9 16 • * I6 Dundee engineers and plumbers .. 2 tº e e - tº 4 2 © º 3 Leith boilermakers and shipbuilders 11 • * 3 8 & 8 Belfast joiners and shipwrights & 11 © tº 5 5 l 6 Other Metal Trades. South Staffordshire bolt and nut .. l & e I tº 4 I Brass Foundry, Gas and Electric I e G tº º I 1 Light, and Water, Steam and Beer Fitting Trades. - South Wales tinplate .. tº tº 8 tº ſº. 2 5 l 6 Blackburn. Sheet Metal Trade e e 3 2 tº dº l * * t; l London Tube Workers . . . .. • * 30 & 28 2 30 Textile Trades. Nottingham Lace. 11 2 a tº 3 6 6 Boot and Shoe Trade. Cloggers .. tº º l tº tº & & e & l l Wigan cloggers .. 1 1 º tº e G - tº º e e Anstey tº G tº e e 5 tº ſº * e 3 2 J 0 2 Hinckley e - • © e 5 3 tº a tº is - 2 e & 2 Kingswood (Federated).. tº e 3 º & e 1 2 tº º 2 ICingswood (Associated) * & .. 30 g º s & e s 23 7 30 Ileicester .. © & tº o tº g * - 17 5 e tº 5 3 4 7 Rettering lasters and finishers 5 º tº - tº º 3 2 5 ICettering clickers and pressmen .. 1. & e & a tº ºn • *" I l Northampton lasters and finishers .. 3% e tº b l l I 2 Northampton clickers and pressmen !. I tº tº e l & tº tº tº tº Northamptonshire Army bootmakers 18 3 e - & e G 9 15 Norwich .. - G . . . . . . e - 1 • . e º 1 & e l Rushden tº tº * - & © tº 2 2 a tº & 2 e - º & © Ilondon e - e - tº º tº Q 5 1 © e e G 1 3 4 London (Louis XV. Heel) tº º tº e I 0 & e e & l º l East of Scotland .. & g * & - 3 tº tº • O tº º & © 3 3 Glasgow ... .. 2 1 & © 1 © & e G in e Tailoring Trade. Belfast - - - 1 I & © tº o & © tº gº * Including one case in which both Northampton Boards acted together. WORK OF PERMANENT BOARDS. 127 II.--WORK OF PERMANENT CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION BOARDS—cont. TABLE summarising the WORK of PERMANENT BoARDs of Cox- CILIATION AND ARBITRATION during 1908—cont. Number of Cases Number of Cases reported in 1908 as settled during 1908. *: Iſa, W11. 4-3 - out of | i. Boards. order, G - COIl- • . - 9; , | Fºrred sidera-ſ, By By settled to a º .* |gonciſ-, Arbi- || Total, inde— higher alºid iation. tTation, pen- Board of defly 1908. Board. | TRADE BOARDS—continued. Railways. , ## 2 º Great Eastern - © } sº ! .. § º Great Northern ... ... };" | | | | | 3 || “.., || “. : Great Western e G §º l, º ...” ''9 |, .. London and North ɺl 21 º 21 e - g º Western. - ſ §: I * • * – 21 || .. - e Sectiona, Q * - ! . . * Midland & © & © º łł. 5 & 3 : 2 2 Port Talbot; ſº | * : | 3 || : : South Eastern and ſ Sectional 4 º 3 1 º -> Chatham. ! Gentral 9 º tº e 9 tº gº & e Highland .. };" | . . . . . . ." || | | | | || Belfast and Co. Down .. { §ººl º l : ...] : : Cork, Bandon, and South {{ººl I : } I Coast, Central tº - ; , , Dock and Waterside Labour. North of England trimmers .. 6 2 * * 4 º 4 Cardiff trimmers (1907) .. e - 6 tº e • 6 e tº 6 Newport trimmers * * 23 I i 22 e 22 Other Trades. London bookbinders . . . . . . l te I * - l Edinburgh printers te it tº - 1 tº tº | . . l l Staffordshire potters .. tº tº l & i. - 1 l Total, Trade Board 1,804 || 806 67 129 553 || 249 || 802 DISTRICT BOARDS, London tº e tº ºn tº e tº & l t 4 Total, District Boards .. 5. º e 1 4 5 GENEl{AL BOARDS. Joint Committee, Trade Unionists, and Co-operators. - 2 2 tº t Scottish Trade Unionists and Co- t Operators. l l Total, General Boards 3 tº ſº 2 1 1 Grand Total , , 1,812 806 67 131 554 254 808 128 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. III.--WORK OF CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION B0ARDS IN 1908. In many of the important industries of the United Kingdom Boards of Conciliation and Arbitration have been formed with a view to adjusting disputes in particular industries. These are called Trade Boards, and are by far the most important type of Voluntary Conciliation Boards. There are, however, in existence a number of District Boards, constituted for settling disputes in particular localities. In the following section an account is given of both types of Boards and of the work done by them in 1908. (a) TRADE BOARDS. Building Trades. The principal agency for conciliation in the building trades is that afforded by the Wational Scheme of Comciliation which first came into operation in October, 1905. Up to that date the Boards and Committees in the building trades, with the exception of the National Board for Plumbers, had been of a purely local character, and restricted in most instances to one branch only of the trade. In December, 1904, however, provisional rules for the establishment of Conciliation Boards for the employers and brick- layers, masons, and carpenters and joiners were agreed upon, and in 1905 the scheme was put into operation. The parties to the scheme are the National Federation of Building Trade Employers and the following trade unions : —Operative Bricklayers’ Society, Manchester Unity of Operative Bricklayers, Operative Stone- masons' Friendly Society, Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners, General Union of Carpenters and Joiners, and the Associated Society of Carpenters and Joiners. Under this scheme 56 Local Boards and Committees, 4 Centre Boards, and a National Board have been set up. The scheme applies to England and Wales, with the exception of London, where there are in existence a number of Boards for the various branches of the trades; in other cases where conciliatory machinery is already in existence within the area of the scheme it can only be set aside by mutual agreement. The scheme provides for consideration of disputes in the first instance by Local Committees, consisting of employers and repre- sentatives of workpeople in the branch of trade affected. In the event of such a Committee failing to agree the matter is referred to the Local Board of Conciliation formed of employers and of repre- sentatives of the local branches of all the trade unions which are parties to the scheme. Failing settlement by these means the question is taken to a “Centre Board,” composed or two represen- tatives from each of the Operatives' General Associations and of an equal number of employers elected by the federations forming the centres. Should the dispute be still unsettled, it is then referred to the National Board, consisting of 16 employers, elected by the National Federation of Building Trades’ Employers, and an equal number of operatives elected by the General Associa- WORK OF TRADE BOARDS, 129 tions of Operatives parties to the agreement. At any stage of the proceedings matters may be referred to arbitration by mutual consent of the parties. The number of cases dealt with in 1908 by the machinery set up by this scheme was 41, of which 22 were settled locally; in 13 cases the Local Boards were unable to arrive at a settle- ment, and referred the questions to the Centre Boards Nine of these cases came before the Northern Centre Board, which has jurisdiction over the Local Boards in Northumberland, Durham, Yorkshire, Lancashire, and Cheshire. A brief account of these cases is given below:— St. Helens, Carpenters and Joiners.-Claim for advance in wages from 9d. to 9%d. per hour. Result: Advance of #d. per hour; half-day’s notice of discharge reduced to 1 hour for inside men and 2 hours for outside men; boundary line struck between Liver- pool and St. Helens. Manchester, Carpenters and Joiners.-Claim for advance in wages from 9%d. to 10%d. per hour. Result: Referred to National Board. Oldham, Carpenters and Joiners.-Claim for advance in wages from 9;d. to 10d. per hour and other alterations in working rules. Result: Advance not granted, several alterations made in working rules. Bolton, Carpenters and Joiners.-Claim for advance in wages and other alterations in working rules. Result: Advance to be governed by decision of National Board in Manchester Joiners’ case; other proposals expunged. Preston, Carpenters and Joiners.-Claim for advance in wages from 9d. to 10d. per hour. Result: Advance of 3d. per hour granted. Barrow-in-Furness, Masons.—Claim for alteration of starting time in summer from 6 a.m. to 7 a.m. Result: Claim granted. Rochdale, Carpenters and Joiners.-Claim for advance in wages from 9d. to 10d. per hour and for other alterations in working rules. Result : Referred to National Board. Manchester, Carpenters and Joiners.-Claim for amended rules as to overtime and grinding money. Result: Overtime rule amended to permit of might shifts being worked, men to be paid 1d. per hour above ordinary rates; grinding money rule altered to 1 hour's notice for men inside and 2 hours for men outside the shop. Manchester, Masons.—Complaint by workpeople against importation of worked stone from an underpaid district. Result: The job was found to be beyond the three miles radius and the decision was, therefore, against the workpeople. The following three cases were referred to the Midland Centre Board : — Wolverhamptom, Bricklayers.-Claim of employers to reduce wages to 8d. per hour and for other alterations in working rules, with counterclaim from workpeople for advance to 10d. per hour. Result : Wages to remain at 9d. per hour, alterations made in hours of labour, &c. Leicester, Bricklayers, Carpenters, and Labourers.-Dispute as to walking time boundary. Result: Referred to National Board. Birmingham, Bricklayers.--Dispute as to rate of payment for night gangs employed by Liverpool firm in the Birmingham district. Result: Night gangs to be paid time and a half. The South-Eastern Centre Board had the following case brought before it : — Southampton, Bricklayers and Carpenters and Joiners.—For advance in wages. Result: Referred to National Board. 130 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. The results of the four appeals from the Centre Boards to the Wational Board were as follows: — Manchester, Joinvers.-Referred back for further consideration, but as no settlement could be arranged it was brought up again and it was decided that wages should remain unchanged. Rochdale.—The Board was unable to come to a decision on the ques- tion of wages, but settled in favour of the men a minor point in the rule for terminating employment. . Leicester.—Settled in favour of workpeople's contention that boundary line was to be taken as 4% miles from the Clock Tower. Southampton.—Parties recommended to proceed to arbitration, and the Sub-Committee of the Board was empowered to appoint an arbitrator if the parties were unable to agree in the selection of one. Apart from this national scheme there are in England and Wales, and also in Scotland where the national scheme does not apply, a number of Local Boards and Committees formed for the purpose of settling any disputes that may arise between employers and workpeople. The majority of these are formed for one branch of the building trade only, although in a few cases several branches of the trade have combined to form a Concilia- tion Board. Owing to the continued depression in the building trades, however, the number of cases brought before these Boards and Committees has been comparatively small, both sides apparently being content to allow matters to remain in statu quo and not to press for alteration of rules. In addition to this permanent machinery for conciliation there are in existence numerous codes of rules which, though not estab- lishing a permanent Conciliation Board, provide machinery for conciliation or arbitration which may be put into use as necessity requires. Coal Mining. The agencies for conciliation and arbitration in the coal- mining industry may be divided into the following three distinct classes : — (1) Boards which deal only with the general level of wages over a large area; (2) Boards which not only settle general changes of wages but also deal with disputes of a general or local character; (3) Boards and Joint Committees which deal only with dis- putes not involving a general rise or fall in wages. 1. The first class, although comprising only three Boards, viz., those for Northumberland, for the Federated Districts of England and Wales, and for Scotland, covers a very large area, and the number of workpeople whose wages are governed thereby almounts to 423,000. Some details of the constitution and mode of procedure of these Boards and the work done by them in 1908 are given below. The Board of Comciliation for the Coal Trade of Worthumber- land consists of 15 representatives elected by the Northumberland Coal Owners’ Association and an equal number of representatives elected by the Northumberland Miners’ Association together with WORK OF TRADE BOARDS. 131 an independent Chairman not having any direct financial interest in the coal trade of the United Kingdom. Meetings of the Board to settle the county rate of wages are held quarterly, and if the voting of the parties is equal, the independent Chairman has power to give a final and binding decision on the question before him, with or without modification of the terms as Snbmitted to the Board. At the meeting held in January, 1908, no change was made in wages; in April a reduction of 1% per cent. was made, and in July and October further reductions of 2% per cent. On each occa- sion. Two of the decisions were made by the Board, and two by the independent Chairman. At the beginning of the year wages were 47% per cent. above the standard of 1879; the above reduc- tions brought them down to 41% per cent. above that standard. The Board of Conciliation for the Coal Trade of the Federated Districts consists of 14 representatives elected by the Federated Coal Owners and an equal number elected by the Miners’ Federa- tion of Great Britain, together with a neutral Chairman. Each application for an alteration in wages is limited to one of 5 per cent., and should the Board be unable to agree upon the matter it is adjourned to a second meeting at which the neutral Chairman is present. If the parties are still unable to agree the neutral Chairman is requested to decide the question at issue, but he may, if he thinks fit, refer the matter back to the Board for further consideration. ** For the greater part of 1908 wages in the Federated Districts remained at 60 per cent. above the standard of 1888. In August, however, the coal owner applied for a reduction in wages of 5 per cent. The Board disagreed upon the matter which was then re- ferred to Lord James of Hereford, the neutral Chairman, who decided in favour of the owners. On December 30th a further application for a reduction in wages was made by the coal owners. The matter was adjourned until February, 1909, when Lord James awarded the reduction, which took effect in March. The Board of Comciliation for the Regulation of Wages in the Coal Trade of Scotland, consisting of 12 members from each side, also provides for the reference to a neutral Chairman of claims for alterations in wages which the Board is unable to settle. The neutral Chairman is not called in, however, until after two meetings of the parties, and then only by mutual consent. During 1908 three reductions in wages were arranged by the machinery of this Board, viz., 6% per cent. in April, and 12% per cent. each in June and July. The first reduction was awarded by Lord Ardwall, the neutral Chairman, the others were arranged by the Board. Wages of hewers, which at the beginning of 1908 were 87% per cent. above standard, were thus brought down to 56% per cent. above standard at the end of the year. 2. The second class of Boards, viz., those which deal with dis- putes as well as with the general level of wages, covers the follow- ing districts: —Durham, Cumberland, South Staffordshire and East Worcestershire, Radstock, Monmouth and South Wales, and Scotland (enginemen only). The number of workpeople covered by the operations of these Boards is estimated at 324,000. 132 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. The Board of Conciliation for the Durham Coal Trade is com- posed of 18 members elected by the Coal Owners’ Association, 9 elected by the Durham Miners’ Assiciation, and 3 each elected by the Cokemen’s, Mechanics', and Enginemen’s Associations. Its constitution is similar to that of the Northumberland Coal Trade Board, except that instead of a neutral Chairman an Umpire is ap- pointed, who is not present at the meetings of the Board until the parties have found themselves unable to settle their differences. In 1908 four changes in wages were arranged by the Board, viz., an advance of 1% per cent. in February, and reductions of 2}, 1}, and 3% in May, August, and November, respectively. At the beginning of the year wages were 53% per cent. above the standard of 1879; at the end of the year they stood at 47% per cent. above standard. The Board also settled two cases relating to house rent allowance for miners and to houses or house rent for firemen, the following agreements being effected:— HOUSE RENT. Agreement of August 21st, 1908: — It is hereby resolved with respect to persons entitled under the resolu- tion of the Conciliation Board, dated November 5th, 1900, to payment of rent allowance in lieu of colliery houses:– 1. That all payments shall be fixed on the shifts actually worked except that shifts lost through illness or other cause over which a workman has no control shall be paid for. 2. That the maximum number of shifts to be paid shall be twelve per fortnight, except in the case of hewers and others working at eleven-day pits and whose maximum number of shifts is eleven per fortnight; in such cases the maximum to be eleven. 3. That the rate of payment shall be sixpence per shift for deputies and hewers and fivepence-halfpenny per shift for all other classes named in the resolution referred to above. 4. That at collieries where a higher rate is now paid than that named in Clause 3 the rates and conditions shall remain as at present. Supplementary Agreement of November 9th, 1908: — - 1. Fillers after mechanical coal cutters shall be included among the classes entitled to the rate of sixpence per shift. 2. In cases where, by local agreement, the maximum number of shifts which can be worked by the night-shift men is ten, any of such men who have worked ten shifts in any particular pay shall be entitled to payment of rent for eleven shifts. 3. The agreement shall apply to all those who are entitled to rent under any of the provisions of the Conciliation Board arrangement of November 5th, 1900, or any extension of that agreement. 4. In the event of shifts lost through serious illness or death in the family of the workman, rent shall be paid for such shifts. - . In the event of a workman losing one or more ordinary shifts during the pay but making up the maximum number by working overtime on other days, the maximum number of shifts shall be paid for. ... s. 6. Rent shall be paid for days on which pits are idle in conse- quence of general holidays recognised by the two Asso- ciations. - 5 WORK OF TRADE BOARDS. 133 7. In case of “banksmen '’ who are regularly working twelve shifts per pay, the maximum number of shifts for which rent is payable shall be twelve. 8. In the case of shifts lost through men having been idle in accordance with the provisions of the fatal accidents agreement of November 8th, 1907, rent to be paid. FIREMEN’s Hous Es or House RENT. February 7th, 1909: — “That the firemen in or about the collieries shall be included among the classes of men entitled to free houses or the customary allow- ance for house rent under the conditions of the Conciliation Board ºfton of 5th November, 1900, regarding houses and house I’OIlly. Cases were also considered relating to the hours of labour of certain classes of workpeople, to the supply of house coal, and to the uniform application of changes in percentages above the standard of 1879 to underground and all surface labour alike. Another important Board falling under the same classification is that for the Coal Trade of Monmouthshire and South Wales, formed in 1903 to take the place of the sliding scale arrangements which had been in operation since 1875. The procedure adopted by this Board in the case of proposed changes in wages is very similar to that of the Board for the Federated Districts, but the amount of change at any one time is not restricted to 5 per cent. as in the federated districts, and the neutral Chairman has not the power to refer the question back to the Board. No applications for changes in wages were made during 1908, and wages remained at the maximum throughout the year. Forty-eight other cases were brought before the Board 16 of which were settled by the Board or by arbitrators appointed by it. The Wages Conciliation Board for the Coal Trade of the Rad- stock District of Somerset is formed on lines similar to those adopted for the Board for the Federated Districts, except that disputes at individual collieries as well as questions of a general change in wages can be brought before the Board. A peculiar feature of the rules of this Board is the provision for an auto- matic increase of 2% per cent. in wages at the commencement of each winter and a corresponding reduction of 2% per cent, at the commencement of each summer. Apart from these prescribed changes four applications for alterations in wages were made to this Board in 1908, of which two were arranged by the Board and two were decided by the neutral Chairman. In January wages were advanced 5 per cent. ; a further advance of 2% per cent. was given in April; in September wages were reduced 5 per cent., and this was followed by a further decrease of 2% per cent. at the end of October. 3. The third class is composed of one Board and a number of Joint Committees which deal only with disputes not affecting the general level of wages. The districts covered by their operations are as follows:–Forest of Dean, West Yorkshire, South York- shire, Northumberland (for miners and mechanics), and Durham (for miners, cokemen, mechanics, enginemen, and deputy over- men), 134 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. The object of the Joint Committee of the Northwmberland Coal Owners’ and Miners’ Associations is “to discuss all questions (except such as may be termed County questions, or questions affecting the general trade) relating to matters of wages, prac- tices of working, or any other subject which may arise from time to time at any particular colliery.” The Committee consists of six representatives of the Miners’ Union and an equal number of representatives of the Steam Collieries Defence Association, to- gether with a Chairman; cases not settled by the Committee may be sent to two arbitrators with an umpire in case of disagreement by the arbitrators. . In 1908 16 meetings of the Committee were held, at which 133 cases were brought up. In 13 of these the Committee simply confirmed agreements which had been arranged independently. ' Of the remaining 120 cases, 28 were withdrawn, settled indepen- dently, or dismissed as irregular, 7.9 were settled by the Com- mittee, and 10 were settled by arbitration. The remaining three cases are pending. The following are examples of the cases dealt with by the Com. mittee, with the action taken in each case : — Workmen claim to be paid average of two previous pays for working with a trouble in a certain seam. [To be paid 5s. to bring the price for one shift, while putting through the trouble, up to the average of the two preceding pays.: Owners claim that earnings of certain men be adjusted to height of coal measured in places in which they were working on measuring day, and these men refund over-payment made through measure- ment of wrong place having been taken . [Granted.] Workmen request that rent and coals be granted to a married putter and hewer. [Irregular.] Workmen request that a six-hours shift be granted to night-shift men when working extra wet. [Management recommended to consider exceptional cases.] The Joint Committee of the Durham Coal Owners’ and Miners’ Associations has power to determine by its own decision or by reference to arbitration or otherwise all local disputes not involv- ing questions in which a decision would establish a precedent affecting either the whole of the colleries in the county or several collieries. No case for revision of piecework prices is entertained unless the average wage earned by the workpeople is at least five per cent. above or below the county standard rate. In 1908 the Committee had 988 cases brought before it, 472 of which were settled by mutual agreement of the parties. In 197 cases the claims were withdrawn, passed over, or otherwise settled, while nine case were not considered, being held to be outside the jurisdiction of the Committee. The Committee decided 179 cases, and 131 cases were sent to arbitration. The other Committees in the Durham coal trade had 63 cases before them, of which 18 were settled by the Committees and 21 were sent to arbitration. 43 Iron and Steel Trades. In the iron and steel trades a system of sliding scales prevails by which wages are automatically regulated by periodical ascer- tainments of actual selling prices. Consequently the work of the WORK OF TRADE BOARDS. 135 Boards and Committees in these trades is to a large extent limited to considering disputes at individual works, or the fixing of rates for special classes of work. Occasionally, however, questions of the revision of the bases of the sliding scale or the suspension of its action come up for consideration. In recent years the number of cases brought before these Boards and Committees has been com- paratively small, this being largely due to the fact that precedents for general application have now been established, and also to the careful preliminary sifting of complaints locally by the operatives’ representatives on the Board. Thus, in the case of the Board for the Manufactured Iron and Steel Trade of the North of England, no less than 73 cases were settled in 1908 by the representatives of the Board at the works affected. There is a great similarity in the procedure adopted by a number of these Boards, viz., discussion in the first instance between employers and workpeople or their representatives, followed, in the case of failure to settle, by references to the Standing Committee, and then to the Board itself. Seventeen cases were considered in 1908 by the Boards and Com- mittees in these trades. Of these, three were withdrawn or settled independently, nine cases were settled by the Boards and Com- mittees, and five by arbitrators appointed by them. The following cases, which were settled by the Midland Iron and Steel Wages Board, give an indication of the nature of the work carried on by these agencies for conciliation : — Claim by operatives at one works: —(1) for payment of extra 6d. per ton for doubling in the puddling department ; (2) that firm should pay the wages of trolly boys instead of the shinglers and forge rollers, or should give an advance of 1d. per ton on all prices; and (3) that the pilers at all ball furnaces should be paid by the firm, or a permanent advance of 6d. per ton be granted instead. [The claims were not granted.] Claim by employer to discontinue payment of extra for rolling bevilled strip. [Claim not granted.] Engineering and Shipbuilding. Engineering.—The principal agency for conciliation in the engineering trades is that afforded by the Terms of Settlement, signed in 1898 at the termination of the great dispute which had commenced in the previous year. This agreement provides inter alia for the discussion of grievances in the first instance between employers and workpeople or their representatives. Failing a settlement, a local conference between the Employers’ and Work- people’s Associations may consider the matter, and should the parties still be unable to agree, the question can be referred to a central conference between the Executive Board of the Employers’ Federation and the Central Authority of the Trade Union. Until this procedure has been carried through no stoppage of work is permissible. The Terms of Settlement were revised in 1907, the principal alteration, so far as the provisions for the avoid- ance of disputes were concerned, being the addition of a clause providing that local conferences should be held within 12 days from the receipt of an application by either party for a conference. The parties to the original agreement were the Engineering 136 CONOILIATION AND ARBITRATION. Employers’ Federation on the one hand, and the Amalgamated Society of Engineers, Steam Engine Makers’ Society, and the United Machine Workers’ Association on the other. On January, 1908, the Amalgamated Society of Toolmakers and the National Society of Smiths and Hammermen also signed the agreement. A similar agreement was entered into in 1906 by the Employers’ Federation and the Electrical Trades Union. . In 1908, in addition to a number of local conferences, four central conferences were held at which 20 cases were considered. Apart from the Terms of Settlement there are only, three other Boards in the engineering trade, viz., those for patternmakers, ironfounders, and marine engineers on the North-East Coast. The primary object of these three Boards is the regulation of the general level of wages, but other questions in dispute may be referred to them. In 1908 a reduction of 1s. per week was arranged by the Boards for patternmakers and ironfounders, while the latter Board also settled a question of an alteration of the rule relating to overtime. - Shipbuilding.—In the shipbuilding trades the work of the Boards and Committees had up to 1908 almost entirely been con- fined to questions of demarcation between the various trades which are the most fruitful source of disputes in these trades. Boards or Committees of this character have been formed in all the principal shipbuilding centres, and much useful work has been done by them. The principal exception was the Board of Conciliation for the Wear Shipbuilding Trade, which was dissolved in 1908. There are also a few Committees the work of which consists largely in fixing rates of pay for special classes of work. - The number of cases considered in 1908 by the Boards and Committees in the shipbuilding industry was 97, of which 27 were withdrawn or settled independently, 47 were settled by the Boards or Committees, and one by arbitration. The remaining 22 cases were still under consideration at the end of the year. Examples of some of the cases considered and the decisions arrived at are given below:— Dispute between fitters and plumbers as to fixing of oil fuel tank filling pipes. [Work to be done by plumbers.] Claim of shell rivetters for an allowance owing to a decreased number of rivets. [Claim not sustained.] - Claim by helpers to be paid for half-day lost time. [Quarter-day’s pay granted.]. Dispute as to whether shipwrights or joiners should do coamings sur- rounded by lito-silo, which with a wood deck would have taken the place of a deck plank. [Work to be dome by shipwrights.] In 1908 conferences were held between representatives of the Shipbuilding Employers' Federation and of the various Trade Unions whose members are employed in the shipyards, with a view to framing an agreement on a national basis providing machinery for the settlement of wages and other disputed ques- tions. The agreement was provisionally signed on December 18th, and, after a ballot of the workpeople had been taken, was rati- fied on March 9th, 1909. Under this agreement, the terms of which are given on pages 45 to 47, fresh machinery is set up for work OF TRADE BOARDS. 137 dealing with questions of a general rise or fall in wages, and at the same time provision is made for the continuance of existing machinery for dealing with other questions. Textile Trades. The principal agencies for conciliation in the textile trades are those in the cotton industry. In the cotton-spinning branch there is no permanent Conciliation Board, but the Brooklands Agreement, signed in 1893 at the termination of a great dis- pute, provides for the settlement of disputed questions by the Secretaries of the local Employers’ and Operatives’ Organisations or by a Joint Committee of these organizations appointed ad hoc, failing a settlement locally, the question is referred to a Joint Committee of the Employers' Federation and the Operatives' Amalgamations. No stoppage of work is permissible until the above procedure has been carried out. The number of workpeople covered by this agreement is estimated at 150,000. In 1908 338 cases were settled locally under this agreement, and 21 by the Joint Committee in Manchester. In the weaving branch the Joint Committee of Employers and Operatives in the Cotton-weaving Industry in North and North- East Lancashire has been established to consider in their pre- liminary stages all trade disputes that may occur. The business of the Committee being preliminary and consultative only, there is no power to come to a final conclusion on the questions con- sidered, but the general results of the discussions are reported by each side to their constituents. It is expressly laid down that all disputes shall be brought before the Joint Committee before a stoppage of work occurs. In 1908 six cases were brought before the Committee. Apart from these agencies the only Boards in the textile trades are those for the Nottingham lace trade and for dyers at Bradford and Leicester. Six cases were settled in 1908 by the Nottingham Lace Trade Board; the other Boards had no cases for consideration during the year. Boot and Shoe Trade. The Boards in the boot and shoe trade with but a few exceptions are constituted under and bound by the Terms of Settlement arranged at the termination of the great dispute in 1895. Ques- tions in dispute are, in the first instance, discussed by employers and workpeople or their representatives; failing a settlement, matters are referred to a Committee of Enquiry and then to the Board itself, and finally to two arbitrators and an umpire if the dispute cannot otherwise be settled. The Boards have power to settle all questions submitted concerning wages, hours of labour, and conditions of employment; most of the questions dealt with relate either to the settlement of the minimum wage or of piece- Work statements, or the classification of goods or materials. ...During 1908, 102 cases were considered by the Boards in these trades; of these 13 were withdrawn or otherwise settled, 46 were settled by the Boards, and 30 by arbitrators appointed by the Boards. The remaining 13 cases were still under consideration 12670 K 138 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. at the end of the year. Examples of the cases dealt with are given below:— Leicester Board.—Dispute as to whether female workers were included under the Terms of Settlement of 1895, referred to Lord James of Hereford, who decided that they were so included. Question of the issue by the operatives’ trade union of an authorised piece-work statement for clicking presses. Arbitrators decided that statement should be withdrawn within 10 days and that the Joint Committee should then proceed with the preparation of an authorised statement. East of Scotland Board.—Claim of operatives: —(1) That moulding machines should be classed with the lasting department and their operators paid the minimum weekly wage of that department; (2) for advance to a minimum wage of 30s. per week in all depart- ments; and (3) question of employment of girl labour in clicking, rough stuff, and lasting departments. These were referred to Sir A. E. Bateman, K.C.M.G., the arbitrator appointed under the Coi.ciliation Act, 1896, who decided —(1) that moulding machine should be paid for as in pressmen’s department; (2) that wages in pressmen’s and rough-stuff department be 26s. per week, other departments to remain unchanged; and (3) that no sufficient evidence had been given to prove that girl labour was being sub- stituted for male labour in the departments in question. Railways. An important extension of the principles of conciliation and arbitration took place in 1908 when for the first time Boards of Conciliation were formed in connexion with the principal railways of the United Kingdom. These Boards were constituted in accord- ance with the Agreement arrived at on November 6th, 1907, by which a serious threatened dispute was averted. The text of this agreement has already been published (see Report on Strikes and Lock-outs of 1907, page 50), so that it will be sufficient here to give only the outlines of the general scheme under which the Poards have been constituted. Two classes of Boards have been formed for each railway adhering to the agreement, viz., Sectional and Central. The various grades of men are grouped in sections according to arrangements made between each company and its employers, and for each of these groups a Sectional Board is con- stituted. Applications for changes in wages or hours are first made through the officers of the department concerned. Failing a reply within two months, or in the event of an unsatisfactory reply, the questions may be referred to the Sectional Board. Should no agreement be arrived at the matter is referred to the Central Board, composed of representatives of the company and one representative, or more, from the employees’ side of each Sectional Board. Should the dispute still be unsettled it is then referred to an arbitrator whose decision is binding on all parties. The arbitrator is appointed by the Speaker of the House of Com- mons and the Master of the Rolls if the two sides of the Board are unable mutually to select one. The agreement was signed initially on behalf of eleven of the principal Railway Companies, but adhesion to its terms, subject to certain modifications for the Scottish companies, was afterwards given by thirty-five other companies. The North-Eastern Railway Company did not sign the agreement, but has adopted a concilia- work of TRADE BOARDS. #39 tion scheme of its own. The companies having a conciliation scheme in operation employ altogether over 97 per cent of the railway servants of the United Kingdom. - * * The list of the railway companies that have accepted the Agree- ment of November 6th, 1907, is as follows:– - England and Wales. Alexandra (Newport and South Wales). London and South Western. Barry. w London, Brighton and South Coast. Brecon and Merthyr. London, Tilbury and Southend. Cambrian. Maryport and Carlisle. - Cardiff. . Metropolitan. Cheshire Lines. Midland. Cockermouth, Keswick and Penrith. Midland and Great Northern Joint. East and West Yorkshire Union. Neath and Brecon. Furness. - North London. Great Central. - North Staffordshire. Great Eastern. Port Talbot. Great Northern. Rhondda and Swansea Bay. Great Northern and City. Rhymney. - Great Western. - Somerset and Dorset Joint. Hull and Barnsley. p South Eastern and Chatham. Lancashire and Yorkshire. Taff Vale. London and North Western. * - Scotland. Caledonian. Highland. Glasgow and South Western. North British. Great North of Scotland. Portpatrick and Wigtownshire Joint, - - - s Ireland. Belfast and County Down. Great Southern and Western. Cork, Bandon and South Coast. Midland Great Western of Ireland. Dublin and South Eastern. Northern Counties Committee Great Northern (Ireland). (Midland). - The amount of work done in 1908 by these Boards was not very considerable, as the greater part of the year was taken up with the election of representatives to the Boards, and the discussion of rules of procedure and other necessary preliminaries. As arranged in the Agreement of November 6th, 1907, the Board of Trade conducted the election of representatives of the employees to serve on the Sectional Boards, but future elections will be con- ducted by the Boards themselves. The Sectional Boards on ten railways had sixty-two cases brought before them of which three were withdrawn, fifty were referred to the Central Boards, and eight were still under consideration at the end of the year. In one case, the Cork, Bandon and South Coast Railway, an agreement was arrived at by the parties to the Board. It should here be stated, that in no instance does a case represent a single question but applies to the whole of the demands formulated in one pro- gramme by the workpeople or the companies. Of the 50 cases referred to the Central Boards, two cases were settled by the Board on the Midland Railway; the remaining 48 cases were still under consideration at the end of 1908. In the case of the London and North Western and the Midland Railways, the central Boards being unable to agree, the questions in dispute were referred to arbitration but the awards of the arbitrators were not issued until 1909. . . . . . . . 12670 - K 2 140 CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. Pottery Trade. The Staffordshire pottery trade was among the earliest to adopt a permanent Board of Conciliation, a Board having been formed as far back as 1868. This Board worked successfully for 25 years, with the exception of one dispute in 1880, which resulted in a strike. The dissatisfaction of the workpeople at an award in May, 1891, led them to refuse to continue the Board in 1892, but for some years after there was a Committee to discuss minor points. In February, 1908, the operatives applied to their employers for a general advance in wages in the general earthenware branch, and for other alterations in their conditions of employment. The employers refused the demand, and, after some negotiations, a Board of Conciliation was formed under the title of “ the Board of Conciliation and Reference for the Staffordshire China and Earthenware Manufacturers and Operatives.” For Rules of the Board, see p. 149. The Board of Concilation were unable to come to an agreement on the subject, and the questions in dispute were accordingly further considered at special meetings of the Board, presided over by the independent Chairman, Mr. Ernest Moon, K.C., who had been appointed by the Speaker of the House of Commons, in accordance with the rules of the Board. Mr. Moon issued his award on September 18th, deciding as follows:— - - I decide that whatever the trade prospects may have been when the operatives’ notices demanding an advance in wages were handed in six weeks before March 25th, 1908, existing trade conditions do not admit of any general advance. This decision is given without prejudice to any cases there may be where manufacturers are not paying the usual standard wages, or are not conforming to standard trade usages. I decide that the ovenmen employed at the standard rate of wages, viz., 5s. per day, are to receive an advance of 5 per cent., unless bonuses or allowances are paid amounting to 5 per cent. or more above the standard rate. - A further claim was made that maximum sizes of flat ware should be fixed, and that sizes and counts of ware should be fixed. As regards counts, it was agreed at the hearing before me that this question should be submitted to a Committee, pursuant to Rule 15 of the Rules of the Board of Conciliation and Reference. As regards maximum sizes of flat ware, an objection was taken to my entertaining this claim unless I also dealt with the question of minimum prices. I held that no agreement had been arrived at to refer to me the question of maximum size; and that, as the question had not been dealt with by the Board under Rule 11, I had no jurisdiction to entertain it on objection being made. A claim involving 61 separate questions was also put before me on behalf of the operatives engaged in the jet and rockingham trade, which it was arranged should be discussed before a Committee appointed under Rule 15 referred to above, or before the Board of Conciliation and Reference itself. (b.) DISTRICT BOARDS. The Boards dealt with in the preceding paragraphs have all been formed to deal with special industries. There are in existence, however, a number of District Boards of Conciliation, connected generally with the local Chambers of Commerce and the local Trades Councils; which have been formed to deal with any WORK OF TRADE BOARDS. 141 disputes which may arise in the locality. When a dispute occurs these Boards place their services at the disposal of the parties involved, but there is no compulsion on the latter, as in the case of the majority of Trade Boards, to submit their case to the District Boards. These District Boards are seldom called upon to consider cases, and in 1908 the only one of this group which decided any cases was the London Labour Conciliation and Arbi- tration Board, some particulars of the work of which are given below:— Silver Workers.-Dispute between the London Society of Silver Workers and a firm in West London as to conditions of employ- ment and as to revised price list. Board effected the following agreement : —(1) The Society undertake to withdraw their demands as embodied in letters to the employers respecting the proposed new conditions of employment and revised price list, &c.; (2) In consideration of the foregoing undertaking the employers agree that all the members of the Society who took part in the strike in November, 1907, shall be reinstated as and when work can be provided for them on the conditions existing prior to the strike; (3) That the employers agree to endeavour to settle any future questions arising between them and the members of the Society through the latter and its accredited officials; (4) That no strike or lock-out shall take place, but in the event of any dispute arising between the parties which they are unable to settle by negotiation as provided in Clause 3, such dispute shall be sub- mitted to the London Labour Conciliation and Arbitration Board, by whose decision, in the event of arbitration being mutually agreed to, both parties will abide. Stevedores.—A revised book of rates and rules for unloading vessels in the Port of London having become necessary, the Board, at the request of the parties, arbitrated upon the matter and issued an award fixing conditions for both day and piece-work. The award came into operation on June 1st, 1908, and is binding for three years, and thereafter until six months’ notice has been given, in which event, and also in the event of disputes as to interpretation of the award, the matter shall be referred to the Board for settlement. The Board also effected a settlement in three other cases referred to it. - ; * s s f & & e & * 143 APPENDIX I. EXAMPLES OF CLASSIFICATION OF CAUSES OF STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS, TAKEN FROM THOSE OCCURRING IN RECENT YEARS. 144 STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS. APPENDIX I. EXAMPLES of CLASSIFICATION of CAUSES of STRIKES and LOCK-OUTS, taken from those occurring in recent years. Classification of Cause. Examples. Wages:– For increase ... Against decrease As to system of payment of wages. Re-adjustment of rates payment on account difficulties or ease working, quality materials, &c. Other ... of of in of * { i < For advance of 2s. per week on time and 5 per cent. on piece rates. For advance in wages to uniform rate of 8%d. per hour. For a new price list (coal mining). For payment by list recognised in the district. For payment of a bonus of 5 per cent. generally granted. For advance in wages on indoor labour. Against proposed reduction in wages from 8d. to 73d. per hour. Against proposed reduction in tonnage rates. Against proposed reduction in piecework rates. For payment of standard time rate whether earned or not under firm's bonus system. Against revision of prices for getting coal. Alleged payment below price list. - For change from day to piece rates. Against change from day wages to tonnage rate. - Against proposed payment on area for working tinplates known as Canadas and doubles. Dissatisfaction with recently introduced premium bonus system. - Against new system of task work. Alleged bad material. Dispute as to deductions for dirt in coal. Against proposed reduction in wages of 3d. per loom per week in consideration of weavers being relieved of certain unskilled work. For advance in prices on introduction of safety lamps (coal mining). For re-adjustment of rates for working difficult places in mines. Against proposed reduction in piece rates of Wages on account of introduction of a crane. Refusal to pay walking-time on a certain job. As to rate of wages to be paid during short time. For payment for time lost. Dispute as to wages due to a putter. Fº: payment of wages before the regular pay ay. For guarantee of 55 tons per shift (Iron and steel manufacture). Misunderstanding as to a new wages agreement. CLASSIFICATION OF CAUSES OF DISPUTES. 145 Classification of Cause. Examples. Hours of Labour:- A For decrease ... tº ſº º tº tº º Against increase ... • -- “ * As to arrangement of hours. * Other ... tº e º - e º ºs ... 3 Employment of Particular Classes or Persons:- Disputes between classes of workpeople. S Employment of labourers instead of skilled work- IIl GI1, For reduction in hours of labour from 54 to 53 per week. Demand for 8-hour instead of 12-hour shifts. Dissatisfaction with hours of labour, &c. Against proposed increase in winter working hours. Against proposed increase in hours of labour from 48 to 53 per week. Dissatisfaction with proposed rule that piece- workers should conform to hours of time- workers. Against reversion from 8 to 12-hour shifts. Against re-arrangement of working hours. Against introduction of one-break system. Dispute as to times of starting and leaving off work. . Against alteration in hours of afternoon shift in coal mine. Against alteration of breakfast hour. Because firm did not conform to working rules as to hours of labour. Against reduction of winter hours. Against excessive overtime. Objection to new rule regarding time allow- ance and entry into factory. Against proposal that men should work 11 instead of 12 days a fortnight with a view to avoid reducing staff. - Refusal to work extra time to make up for time lost through shortage of waggons. *. proposed reversion to winter working Olll'S. Engineers objected to boilermakers fitting tank lids on steamers. Against employment of plumbers on work claimed by fitters. Objection to carpenters and joiners doing work claimed by coachmakers. Objection of bricklayers to plasterers laying tiles. As to whether certain work should be done by boilermakers or coppersmiths. Against employment of cabinetmakers on work claimed by joiners. Employment of labourers instead of skilled IſleIl. Against employment of an unskilled man on a turret lathe, and discharge of two men for refusal to instruct him. Against red-leaders doing work claimed by painters. Against employment of an unskilled man instead of a qualified mechanic on a certain machine. ^* 146 STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS. Classification of Cause, Examples. Employment of Particular Classes or Persons—cont. Employment of º: instead of skilled work- men—cont. | Employment of women instead of men. - - Employment of appren- ^ tices and boys. For reinstatement of dis- & charged workpeople. Against employment of j certain officials. Other ... ... ." … Objection by painters to employment of labourers and sailors on painting a vessel. Against employment of labourers and appren- tices on fitters' work after the latter had ceased work for the day. Against extension of female labour. - Against employment of women on cert in work. Against introduction of female labour. Against employment of a youth instead of a Iſlall. For change in rule regarding number of apprentices, Against apprentices being employed to work prleumatic caulking tools. : e Refusal to work with apprentices. * Objection to employment of two squads of apprentices on rivetting tank top. To obtain agreement from platers that where helpers are required members of the Helpers' Society should be employed instead of boys. Against notice of discharge given to fellow workers. For reinstatement of workpeople discharged on alteration in working conditions. Because all men were not re-employed on con- clusion of a previous dispute. For reinstatement of fellow workmen. Against suspension of two fellow workmen for failure to comply with rules for work. Against transfer of some of their number to another shop. * - Objection to new foreman. Protest against conduct of overlooker. Alleged tyrannical conduct of manager. Objection to a rivet “counter.” Against employment of a patternmaker as foreman over moulders. Demand for dismissal of a deputy (coal min- ing). Against introduction of a new hand for a special machine instead of promotion of one of their number. - Refusal to descend pit under alleged incom- petent enginemen. Refusal to work with Polish miners. Men refused to leave their jobs to dock a ship while unemployed shipwrights were avail- able. - Refusal of factory workers to finish work commenced by out-workers. Objection of putters to hewers being sent to take the places of absent putters. (Coal mining.) Against dismissal of manager. t CLASSIFICATION OF CAUSEs of DISPUTES. 147 Classification of Cause. Examples. Working Arrangements, Rules and Discipline (other than above):— For change in existing < arrangements. Against change in existing arrangements. < Other tº gº tº C & ſº º º º • * ~ * Trade Unionism tº gº tº ... 8 Sympathetic Disputes ... Dissatisfaction with working conditions. . . . . For change in working rules. Against Sunday labour. For number in gang to be increased on account of heavy work. Objection to night turning. Refusal of management to sharpen hand drills which men had substituted for machines. Dispute as to “lying time ’’ on change to weekly payment system. Against change in working conditions. Against increase in number of bricks to be carried by bricklayers’ labourers. Against introduction of system of checking time occupied on each job. Dispute as to whether Padiham or Burnley holidays should be observed. Against change from indoor to outdoor work. Objection of masons to importation of ready dressed stone. Against proposed reduction in number of helpers per squad. Against use of certain wood owing to its in- jurious effects. Because of suspension for two days on account of refusal to work overtime. Because certain men were fined for leaving work before whistle sounded. Dispute as to rotation of gangs. As to right of works committee to examine disputed places in pit. Men alleged mine unsafe owing to presence of gaS. Refusal to work with non-unionists or with men in arrears with their subscriptions to the Trade Union. Refusal to work with foremen who were not members of the Trade Union. Against discharge of Trade Unionists. Employer objected to men forming a Trade Union. Refusal of employer to employ Trade Unionists. Refusal of firm to negotiate with officials of the men’s Trade Union. In sympathy with men in same employment who were on Strike. On account of introduction of members of another Trade Union to replace men on strike. - - Refusal to do work for a shop where their fellow Trade Union members were on strike. Because of imprisonment of putters on refusal to pay fines imposed by magistrate for breach of contract. 148 STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS. Classification of Cause. Examples. Miscellaneous Disputes tº gº tº < Refusal of management to deduct poundage from men's earnings in connection with a new medical scheme. Refusal of firm to allow men to wait inside yard to discuss, their accident fund. Refusal of manager to allow two old tenants of colliery houses to reoccupy houses which had been improved. On account of charge of intimidation made by firm against four of the men. Firm gave men notice because they understood men were about to strike. 149 & APPENDIX II.-RULES OF CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION BOARDS FORMED IN 1908. Board of Conciliation and Reference for the Staffordshire China and Earthenware Manufacturers and Operatives. 1. That this Board be styled the “BoARD of ConcILIATION AND REFERENCE '' for the Staffordshire China and Earthenware Manufacturers and Operatives. 2. That the leading principle shall be the continuance of work at existing prices pending any dispute. Any decision shall date backward to the time of the appeal being made. 3. The object of the Board shall be to investigate and settle as between employers and operatives all questions of wages or any other matters affecting their respective interests that may be referred to it from time to time by the employers or operatives, and by conciliatory means to interpose its influence to prevent disputes and put an end to any that may arise. It is, however, understood and agreed that under these Rules neither employers nor operatives shall be entitled to appeal to the Board on the following questions, except as provided by the trade rules: — (1.) Good from Oven. (2.) Limitation of Apprentices—except in the Oven Branch, and then only when a change is proposed to be made during the year at a manufactory in the proportion of apprentices to journeymen working together in a set. 4. That the Board consist of ten employers and ten operatives, four of each to form a quorum; and the first Board shall hold their first meeting within 14 days after their appointment. The operatives to be elected by their own body, and the employers by their own body. The members of the Board to serve for one year and to be eligible for re-election. The new Board to be elected in the month of January in each year, but the first Board shall be elected as soon as possible after these rules shall have been agreed upon. The Annual Meeting to be held in January, and be apart from the Quarterly Meeting. - 5. That the Board shall at its first Meeting in each year, elect a President and Vice-President; also two Secretaries, one for the employers and one for the operatives, who shall continue in office one year, and be eligible for re-election. - 6. That the Board shall meet for the transaction of business once a quarter—namely, the first Monday in the months of January, April, July and October; but on a requisition to the President signed by three members of the Board, specifying the nature of the business to be transacted, he, or in case of his absence, the Vice-President shall within seven days convene a meeting of the Board. The circular calling such meeting shall specify the nature of the business for consideration. 7. Å reference to the Board may be made by either party to any dispute, but the primary obligation to appeal to the Board shall rest upon the party who wishes to alter existing arrangements, subject however to Rules 15 and 20. - º 8. That no employer or operative shall be entitled to appeal to the Board (except with the consent of the Board), unless he has been a sub- scriber from the commencement of the current year of subscription. 9. The parties to any dispute intended to be submitted, to the Board shall, if possible, agree to a joint written statement of their case; but if they cannot agree, a statement in writing, on behalf of each party shall be made, and every such statement shall be sent to the Secretaries at least two days prior to the Board meeting. Each party shall have power to adduce oral evidence before the Board. - - 150 10. That the President shall preside over all meetings of the Board, except such meetings where the independent Chairman is called in. In his absence the Vice-President. In the absence of both President and Vice-President, a Chairman shall be elected by the majority present. 11. In all cases of dispute or difference the Board shall, in the first instance, make an attempt to arrive at a settlement, and in the event of the Board being unable to do so the matter shall be further considered at a Special Meeting of the Board, under the Chairmanship of an Inde- pendent Chairman, who shall be appointed by the Board, and failing agreement, by the Speaker of the House of Commons, and in the event of the parties being still unable to agree the Chairman shall be invited to settle the question, and his decision shall be binding on each party. 12. That when at any meeting of the Board the number of employers and operatives is unequal, all shall have the right of fully entering into the discussion of any matter brought before them, but only an equal number of each shall vote. The withdrawal of the numbers of whichever body may be in excess to be left to the selection of such body. 13. That the parties to any dispute which has been submitted to the Board shall be bound by its decision until the 25th March following. 14. That each party shall pay their own Secretary and separate expenses, but the joint expenses of the Board shall be borne equally by the employers and operatives. 15. A Committee consisting of four, that is to say—two employers and two operatives, shall enquire into any dispute that may arise at any individual Manufactory, and that does not affect the interest of a whole branch, and such Committee shall use its influence in the settlement of disputes, and have power to make an award. Before such Committee shall commence to enquire into any dispute it shall appoint a Referee, before whom the case shall be laid by such Committee in the event of its being unable to adjust the business referred to it. The decision of the Referee shall be accepted by both parties to the dispute. If such Committee shall not be able to agree upon a Referee, the Independent Chairman of the Board shall make the appointment, and the case shall proceed. Such Committee, however, shall not deal with any question which cannot be dealt with under these Rules. 16. That if any one or more of the Board shall be immediately affected by the dispute they shall not be appointed upon the Committee referred to in Rule 15. 17. That the Board shall recognise the trade Rules set forth in the schedule as binding upon the parties to any dispute, and for the regula- tion of the trade. 18. That no alteration or addition be made to these Rules, except at the Annual Meeting. Notice of any proposed alteration shall be given in writing to the Secretaries, one month previous to such meeting, and the Secretaries shall give one week’s notice thereof to each member of the Board. 19. That when a general Inquiry shall take place involving a reduction or increase of wages, the case in respect of all branches shall be dealt with as one, if desired. - 20. When there is no general Inquiry on the 25th March affecting the interests of the whole trade, any one branch, but not more than three branches may make a separate and special appeal to the Board for change in prices on any special ground that may seem to them to justify such a change, and in like manner the Employers shall be at liberty to claim an. Inquiry in case of there being a dispute with any one or not more than three branches. Any dispute affecting more than three branches shall be dealt with as a subject for general Inquiry. - 21. That the Independent Chairman shall have full opportunity to verify any figures or statements made in evidence, providing that such verifica- tion be not allowed to interfere with, or expose, the private business of any firm ; such verification shall be made through a sworn Accountant, appointed by, and responsible to the Independent Chairman, and shall be disclosed to no other person. - * - - - - ... . 1 5 I ScHEDULE. Trade IRules. 1st. “That in the absence of any specific agreement to the contrary the recognised custom of the trade shall be, that four weeks’ notice be given at any part of the year by an employer to discharge an operative, or by an operative to leave an employer.” 2nd. “That the prices of labour mutually agreed upon on the 25th March, in one year, shall not be subject to alterations by either party until the 25th March following.” 3rd. “That if new articles or new modes of working be introduced at a manufactory during the same year, any disagreement as to price shall be referred for settlement to a Committee to be appointed under Rule 15.” 4th. “That if either employer or operative intends to propose any altera- tion in prices or trade usage, he shall give to the other at least six weeks' notice in writing previous to the ensuing 25th March, and such notice shall specify the alterations proposed; and if the parties concerned cannot agree to such alterations, the dispute shall be referred to the Board within 14 days; and the Board shall meet within seven days afterwards as per Rule 6. If the Board’s decision cannot be obtained by the commencement of the trade year, the employer shall continue to employ the operative, and the operative to serve the employer, according to No. 2 of the Board’s Rules, and the decision when given shall govern prices and trade usages for the trade year. If no notice of alteration be given within the pre- scribed time, the prices and trade usages shall continue for the ensuing year without alteration.” 5th. “That all apprentices shall be bound by an Indenture in a form to be settled by the Board; and any body of journeymen who feel aggrieved by the action of any particular firm regarding the employment of appren- tices, shall be entitled to have the matter brought before the Committee.” 6th. “That should a firm make any change which when completed involves an alteration in the work or rate of wages of the operatives which is considered not satisfactory by them, then the firm shall at once place the matter in the hands of their Association, who shall immediately take action by placing the matter before the Board, failing which the operatives involved shall have the right to tender notices to cease work without further notice to the Employers’ Association. When a settlement is arrived at it shall date from the time the change was made.” 7th. “That the representatives of the employers and the representatives of the employed in all disputes do mutually undertake that they will use their best endeavours to see that the engagements hereinbefore respectively entered into by them are faithfully carried out in every respect.” That the usages in the Biscuit Warehouse shall be:— (a.) “That the operatives be paid for all ware which is spoiled through causes that do not come under their control, or that cannot be traced to their bad workmanship; but that no payment be made for bad work which can be proved to be the fault of the operatives.” (b.) “That all cases where defective work can be made good by a second firing, the operative shall be allowed that privilege, or where work can be made good previous to firing, the operative shall have the right to do so.” (c.) “That all Ware be counted to the operative before it be allowed to be taken out of the Biscuit Warehouse, and not later than the first full working day after drawing, but at manufactories where there is one Biscuit Oven only, an additional day shall be allowed.” & -> (d.) “That any branch of operatives, which is paid good from oven and which is dissatisfied with the check provided by its employers as regard the loss and breakages of ware, shall be entitled to have the question referred to the Committee.” 152 Board of Conciliation and Arbitration for the Boot and Shoe Trade of Rushden and District. 1. The Board shall be named the Board of Conciliation and Arbitration for the Boot and Shoe Trade of Rushden and District. 2. That every Statement of Wages, provision for minimum wage, regu- lations as to hours of labour, conditions of employment or decision of the Board or Award of Umpire, shall apply in all cases where an employer and the workpeople are represented on the Board. Provided no Board shall claim jurisdiction over Employees not represented on or by this Board, nor over the conditions and terms of employment of workpeople Outside its district. - 3. That the Board shall be constituted as follows:–Eight representa- tives of the Manufacturers and eight representatives of the Workmen’s Union, residents in the district, four of each to form a quorum. The representatives to be elected by a Special or General Meeting of their own bodies, who shall serve for one year and be eligible for re-election. 4. The Board shall, at its first and Annual Meetings, elect a Chairman, Vice-Chairman, Secretary, and Committee of Enquiry, consisting of two Manufacturers and two Workmen, or appoint Sectional or Subsidiary Com- mittees, consisting of two Manufacturers and two Workmen, who shall hold office in like manner to the Board. In any case where two candidates proposed for the Chairmanship are of different classes, and the votes recorded for them are equal, the candidate belonging to the class from which the Chairman was not elected in the previous year shall be declared to be elected. - 5. That the Board shall at its first or Annual Meeting elect an Umpire, or failing to agree upon an Umpire, request the President of the Board of Trade to nominate an Umpire. Any question referred to the Board under these rules which it is unable to settle or determine shall be remitted to the Umpire, whose decision in each case shall be final, and binding on all parties; each party shall be entitled to appoint an Expert as adviser to the Umpire. 6. The Board shall meet at such times as it may determine, but not less often than once a quarter, or upon the requisition of any three Members being lodged with the Secretary, who shall forthwith summon a Meeting of the Board giving three clear days' notice of the Meeting, and of the business to be settled. - - 7. That all complaints made to the Board shall be in writing, and lodged with the Secretary prior to the summons to the Meeting. 8. That if at any meeting of the Board both the Chairman and Vice- Chairman are absent, the majority present shall elect a Chairman. The Chairman shall have only one vote. 9. That if at any meeting of the Board the number present is unequal, the right of discussion is reserved to all, but whichever body is larger than the other must withdraw by arrangement so many of their colleagues as are in excess before a question is put to the vote. - 10. Vacancies may be filled up by each side of the Board for the remainder of their year. 11. That the procedure in cases of disputes between an Employer and his Workmen should be as nearly as possible the following:— (a.) The Workmen shall first bring the matter before the Employer or Foreman. (b.) Should they not be able to agree, the representatives of the Employers' Association and the representatives of the Work- men’s Union shall endeavour to settle the matter in dispute. (c.) If the representatives referred to in Sub-section (b) are unable to settle the dispute, it shall be referred to the Board, and failing a decision, then to the Umpire. - 12. That when a dispute cannot be settled between an Employer and his Workmen, or the representatives of both, the same rate of wages, or hours of labour, or conditions of employment that obtained prior to the dispute, shall continue until a decision is given by the Board as the case may be. If there is no precedent as to wages, hours, or conditions, a provisional resolution on these questions may be given by the Board, and must be observed, but without prejudice to either party to the dispute. 153 18. That all referred questions or disputes shall be submitted by Members of the Board, with liberty to call witnesses on either side, the work in dispute to be submitted at all such meetings for inspection. Provided that where witnesses are to be called by either side of the Board, or by either of the parties to the dispute, no evidence shall be taken, unless six days' notice has been given of the character of the evidence intended to be given, and of the locality from which the witnesses intended to be called will be brought. - - 14. That there must be no suspension of work either at the instigation of the Employers or Workmen, the main object of the Board being to prevent this. If any suspension of work takes place the Board may refuse to enquire into the matter in dispute till work is resumed, whilst the fact of its having been interrupted will be taken into account on considering the question. That in order that the Complainant or Complainants may not lose through waiting, any decision of the Board shall be made to date back to the time of the complaint being sent in. 15. Should any case arise in which Rule 14 as to suspension of work, should be contravened, a Meeting of the Board may be called immediately and without any previous notice by the Chairman to consider the case. 16. That any expenses incurred by the Board are to be borne equally by the Employers and Workmen. 17. That no alteration or addition be made to these Rules, except at the Annual Meeting or at a Special Meeting convened for that purpose. Notice of any proposed alteration shall be given in writing one month previous to such Meeting. - Wigan Joint Committee of Master and Journeyman Cloggers. AN AGREEMENT made and entered into this 12th day of February, 1908, between THE WIGAN MASTER CLogg|ERs’ SocIETY, a Branch of the Amal- gamated Society of Master Cloggers (hereinafter called “the Masters’ Society '') of the one part, and THE WIGAN JourneyMEN CLoGGERs’ SocIETY, a Branch of the Amalgamated Society of Journeymen Cloggers (herein- after called the Men’s Society) of the other part. Whereas both the said Societies consider it expedient and desirable to provide a properly recognised medium of communication and interchange of opinions upon all questions of general interest to the trade, and to adopt means for the future whereby questions, differences, disputes, contentions, grievances, and complaints between them and their members respectively, may be expeditiously and amicably settled, and strikes and lock-outs avoided. And, whereas, for this purpose and in compliance with the 5th Resolution of The Conciliation Board Meeting held at Bolton on March 13th, 1907, We, the undersigned, on behalf of the above-named Societies and the said Conciliation Board, have mutually agreed upon the provisions hereinafter contained:— 1. A Permanent Joint Committee (hereinafter called the Committee) shall be immediately formed, consisting of ten persons, five being selected by the Masters' Society including their Secretary, and five by the Men's Society including their Secretary. The Committee shall meet as occasion arises, or at such times and places as may be mutually agreed upon, subject to this agreement. - e 2. The Representative Secretaries shall be Secretaries of the Committee. They shall make and keep a full and exact record of the transactions of the Committee in books provided for that purpose, and shall jointly sign all letters, notices, or other documents on behalf of the Committee, and each shall be responsible for calling his own section of Members to Meetings of the Committee. At the first Meeting of the Committee one of the Masters' Representatives shall preside, and one of the Men's Representa: tives at the second Meeting; and one of the Masters' Representatives at the third Meeting, and so on alternately, so long as the Committee is in existence. The Committee shall select a Treasurer from amongst them- selves, whose duty shall be to receive and pay all money on behalf of the Committee as directed by them, and to render an account as often as required. - 12670 - L I 54 3. The expenses of the Committee shall be borne in equal proportions by the two Societies, either by grants in advance when called for by reso- lution of the Committee, or a constant proportionate levy, as may be agreed upon from time to time. From the funds so derived the Committee shall remunerate its Members for their attendance at Meetings, or on deputation or other work, also railway and tram fares, and cash out-of- pocket spent in furtherance of the successful accomplishment of the work upon which they are engaged for the time being; and, generally, the Com- mittee have power to incur and pay all expenses necessary to the attain- ment of the objects of this agreement. 4. The Committee shall consider and deal with any question, difference, disputes, contentions, grievance, complaint, and any matter of general interest to the trade of the district, which may be introduced by either party, and shall endeavour by conciliatory means to arrive at such an understanding and settlement as will be acceptable to both Societies. 5. No strike or lock-out, nor any other act calculated to provoke a strike or lockout, shall be countenanced or supported by either Society, unless and until the question, difference, dispute, contention, grievance or com- plaint shall have first been dealt with by this Committee. • 6. In case of failure on the part of the Committee to arrive at a satisfac- tory settlement of a question, difference, dispute, contention, grievance or complaint, and the nature thereof is such as, if left undecided, might provoke or develop into a strike or lock-out, the same shall, within fourteen days from the date of such failure, be submitted to the Conciliation Board in connection with “The Amalgamated Society of Master Cloggers ” and “The Amalgamated Society of Journeymen Cloggers.” 7. All recommendations and decisions of the Committee when formally presented to and approved and sanctioned by the two Societies, shall be inviolable till altered or expunged in accordance with the terms of this agreement, and shall be binding upon the two Societies, and their Members individually. 8. A full account of the business transacted at each Meeting of the Committee, and the names of all the Members present, shall be transcribed into two minute books, one being kept by each of the Secretaries. The record of the business transacted and so transcribed, if correct, shall be signed by the Chairman at the following Meeting. - 9. Both the Societies bind themselves honourably to perform the pro- visions of this agreement, and to abide by and carry out any decision or agreement arrived at through medium of this Committee or the before- mentioned Conciliation Board. . 10. A copy of this Agreement shall be printed and inserted in the Rule Books of the two Societies at the first opportunity. Signed in the presence of each other, On behalf of the Masters’ Society— * JosLPH BARON. JAMES GoRE. HENRY INCE. METHUSELAH SUTTON. - JAMES RoscoB. On behalf of the Journeymen’s Society— - - JoHN BENNETT, JoBN DAVIDSON. THOMAS BARLow. THOMAS DAVIDSON. - SAMUEL BARTON. On behalf of the Conciliation Board— - MATTHEW TRACEY. DAVID STOTT, 155 Board of Conciliation for the Weardale Lead Trade. THE WEARDALE LEAD CoMPANY, LIMITED, and the WoRKMEN in their employment hereby agree to form a “Board of Conciliation for the Weardale Lead Trade,” hereinafter called “the Board.” The following shall be the Objects, Constitution, and Rules of Procedure :— Objects. By conciliatory means to prevent disputes, and to put an end to any that may arise, and with this view to consider and decide upon all claims that either party may from time to time make for a change in rates of wages or practices, and ..", ºther questions that it may be agreed between the parties to refer to the Board. * Constitution and Rules of Procedure. 1. The Board shall be constituted of representatives, three of whom shall be appointed by the Company and three by their workmen, and the Company's representatives on the one hand, and the Workmen’s representatives on the other hand, are, for brevity, herein referred to as “the parties.” 2. The Board shall continue till either of the parties gives six months' notice º: withdrawal from it, but neither of the parties to withdraw before the end Of 1910. 3. An Umpire shall be forthwith agreed upon by the Board, or failing agree- ment, be appointed by the Board of Trade after conferring unitedly with each of the parties represented by the Board. Each Umpire shall hold office until his successor is appointed. The Board shall at its meeting in July, 1909, and in July of each succeeding year, and within one month of the death or resigna- tion of any Umpire, proceed to appoint a successor in the manner herein provided. 4. No decision shall be altered until it has been in operation for three months. - 5. All questions submitted to the Board shall be stated in writing, and may be supported by such verbal, documentary, or other evidence as either party may desire to adduce and as the Board may deem relevant. 6. All questions shall in the first instance be submitted to and considered by the Board without the presence of the Umpire, it being the desire and intention of the parties to settle by friendly conference if possible, any difficulties or differences which may arise. If the Board cannot agree, then the meeting shall be adjourned and the Umpire shall be summoned to the adjourned meeting, when the matter shall be again discussed, and in default of an agreement by the Board, the Umpire shall give his casting vote on such matter. The decision of the Board or its Umpire shall be final and binding on the parties. 7. The Umpire may at his discretion require either party to afford him the means of obtaining, for the information of the Board only, any facts that, in his judgment, are essential to the decision of any question at issue. 8. The parties shall each respectively elect a Secretary to represent them in the transaction of the business of the Board, and each party shall give written notice thereof to the Secretary of the other party, and both such Secretaries shall remain in office until they shall resign or be withdrawn by the party electing them. The Secretaries shall attend all meetings of the Board and be entitled to take part in the discussion, but they shall have no power to move or second any resolution or to vote on any question before the Board, unless either Secretary be also one of the representatives, in which case he shall in that capacity have all the rights and privileges of a representative. 9. The Secretaries shall conjointly convene all meetings of the Board, of which not less than fourteen days' notice shall be given, such notice specifying the business to be considered, and shall take proper minutes of the Board and the proceedings thereof, which shall be transcribed in duplicate books, and each such book shall be signed by the Umpire, Chairman, or Vice-Chairman, or other person, as the case may be, who shall have presided at the meeting to which such minutes relate. One of such minute books shall be kept by each of the Secretaries. The Secretaries shall also conduct the correspondence for the respective parties and conjointly for the Board. 12670 L 2 156 10. The Secretaries shall, on the written application of either of the parties, made by the Chairman and Secretary of either party, call a special meeting of the Board within twenty-one days, at such time as may be agreed upon by the Secretaries. The application for the meeting shall state clearly the object of the meeting. - Rº11. Each party shall pay the expenses of its own representatives and Secretary, but the costs and expenses of the Umpire, stationery, books, printing, hire of rooms for meetings, &c., shall be borne by the respective parties in equal shares. 12. At the first meeting of the Board in each year the Board shall appoint a Chairman and Vice-Chairman, one of whom shall be a representative of the Company and the other of the Workmen. 13. The Chairman, or in his absence the Vice-Chairman, shall preside at all meetings at which the Umpire is not present as herein provided. In the absence of both Chairman and Vice-Chairman a member of the Board shall be elected by the majority to preside at that meeting. The Chairman, or Vice-Chairman, or other person presiding shall vote as a representative, but shall not have any Casting vote. When the Umpire is present he shall preside and have a casting vote only. - - - - - 14. Whenever a vacancy shall arise from any cause on the Board, except in the office of Chairman, such vacancy shall be filled up within one month of its occurrence by the party which appointed the member whose seat shall have become vacant. Intimation of such appointment shall be at once sent to the other party. 15. The Annual Meeting of the Board shall be held in the month of July in each year. The Meetings of the Board shall be held at 4, St. Nicholas’ Buildings, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, or such other place as the Board shall from time to time determine. 16. All votes shall be taken at meetings of the Board by show of hands. When at any meeting of the Board the representatives of the respective parties are unequal in number, all shall have the right of fully entering into the discussion of any matters brought before them, but only an equal number of each shall vote, the withdrawal of the representatives of whichever party may be in excess to be by lot unless otherwise arranged. 17. No alteration of these Rules shall be made except at the Annual Meeting. Each party desiring an alteration of the Rules shall, not less than one month before such meeting, give notice to the Secretary of the other party of the alterations desired, and the Secretaries shall, not less than fourteen days before º meeting, forward a copy of the proposed alterations to each member of the Board. For the Weardale Lead Company, Limited, (Sgd.) ALFRED PEGLER, Secretary. For the Company's Workmen, - (Sgd.) H. LYNAs, Secretary. APPENDIX III. DISPUTES, 1893–1908, GROUPED BY TRADES. *III XICINGIddſ V à 89T Ioj Igloº, euq uſ pepniouſ 9:184SOI - - Apjoelipup 3rdööuxilio A. Ág 480ſ S&tºp aliq 'soundsp Jo uomºrrºp equaerûâe equ äupnduroo uſ a 960 gºgg - 1999888 63.1%'I 616;l 806T 09:53 |9. 130.69% 83I.33 1,061 666'39/3 £838. It 30.336, T03'99 906 I $85'9 Ilg, lº £19.9%I 889'3I? 906 I #99“IZI 63?"Q8T §3.1%, §§gºg 706 I 880 LII 91.187 868.16%. I IL3%II 806.I £88 $93.0% !;0.09% 098'g'II 306 I 898'91 §§§ 103 £1.9806 858%lg I06I 893'IIf Qālīgī; 386.3% 939.9%l 006.I 98.399 9.0% 83.jſ.g. & 668L j99'8/3 £91,013.I §§§91.8%I OLT619 868 I GIQ'll 9 683.I.I'l £8.9%.I { 1681 l[6.619, 091.393. 898.IIſ...I 133,090'I 968I £66,910'I 633.6%.I 1998.I [[6.68% 968T §llºl, 6| I 103.8899 !86 lilº #68T #108T6'8 ILI'IOl. 808'80}^{2 8/9'897 868T JIO NOIJVºIſhCI SILVE)}|{I}}{}V 808'381 8%.89 $30.18 368% 806H 6&#'Eſ, 9/961 19339 083. E06 I #II'G/, • Qº. $38,38 Iff"I 906 I & $3.31 Iólſº 1899 g06ſ 850'3 I Qāſāī 183.9% 1698 f06 I 80%"6 08:38 81: 33 £993 8061 90/9I #1691 939.80% 998"g 306 I 609'9I 68.3% I863|I 16 I06I t 6I #93; 8Ll"GI 006I 66?"I9 6|II? I£8.9% $39'09 668 I & 33.1% 630 lll { 868 I [...]; 63.16 366.6 Bºgſ 168T 999'88 16.8; 16.1% £I£88 968T ‘īg 838.9% 1963 G68I #00'Oy 0.08% 1808; §§§I #68T g|8'95 I69'63 L65'909. 588 GT $68T 69 39 GFI 6T 806 I $9T #81 3II 33 L06E #3I 93I 96 6I 906 I 19 01. 90T 18 906 I 39 §l. §II 18 #06 I 99 18 93I 55 $06 I 38 II, 89 I 68 306 I 96 80I 0T3 50T I06E 96 TTI 98T 97 I 006 I #3I Of T 60I 08I 668I 66 39 I 62T 88T 868I 80T 62% 13ſ 86 I 168T 89 I 993 Ill ILI 968T #3 I 09 I 18T QFI G68I 8/I I9T £83 39T p68T 6), 1.II 1&I I8I £68T HO &IGIKIRIſlN ‘āupp[ImddſUS A U(3 *āUIIAIIºn?") put; e: "eTºxoJ, autº U{{ s ; p ‘āupp[Img It?3A “Igºe WI 00I papaadala ssa, paſsp? Yogyo. 680 (4 pup ‘aţdoody too, OI won 4 ssam buya,000 saqnds a ‘806T-8681 “SHIſldSIOI DISPUTES, 1893–1908, GROUPED BY TRADI's. 159 GROUPED BY TRADES. than one day, have been omitted, earcept when the aggregate duration working days.] - (D ; *::::::::::" - ** { Ock Labourers, Including Clothing. "#.º.º. Public Total. Year. | &c.). Authorities). - | DISPUTES. 65 31 65 615 1893 65 48 83 929 39 * 62 745 1895 º 48 92 926 1896 56 48 103 864 I 53 22 73 711 1898 37 47 82 719 38 50 71 648 1900 39 20 70 642 1901 23 14 45 442 I902 25 15 36 387 1903 26 10 42 355 29 II 44 358 1905 42 19 61 486 1906 601 1907 32 21 51 399 1908 INDIRECTLY INVOLVED IN TOISPUTES. 10,827 15,464 - 12,613 634,301 1893 5,609 11,507 8,369 325,248 1894 50,040 º 4,975 263,123 1895 3,969 3,312 8,607 198,190 I896 7,016 12,523 12,099 230,267 1897 3,561 3,478 6,745 253,907 1898 2,258 12,611 5,375 180.217 1899 2,154 23,026 25,863 188,538 I900 4,135 2,682 10,853 179,546 1901 2,790 1,590 5,785 256,667 1902 2,476 3. 3,174 116,901 1903 1,448 1,759 3,839 87,208 I904 ,54 2,112 ,884 93,503 I905 8,912 1,888 4,536 Af 217,773 1906, 11,648 8,708 6,345 147,498 4,662 4,894 4,896 295,507 1908 IXISPUTES IN WORKING TXAYS.* 185,190 334,524 451,930 . 30,467,765 1893 100,362 - 266,825 122,937 9,529,010 1894 1,616,562 35,143 157,645 5,724,670 1895 98.73% 23,043 170,019 3,746,368 - 1896 301,082 76,497 349,849 10,345,523 1897 69,900 46,771 272,975 15,289,478 - 1898 42,154 62,450 80,032 2,516,416 }; 60,121 303,780 748,737 3,152,694. . . 1900 87,384 38,312 477,714 4,142,287 . # 54,044 º 90,535 3,479,255 | 1902 136,182 26,779 65,384 2,338,668 1903 13,202 42,343 118,894 1,484,220 1904 71.435 67,089 69,464 2,470,189 1905 92,139 10,021 67,072 3,028,816 1906 277,949 85,471 96,449 2,162,151 1907 69,341 51,634 87,109 10,834,189 - 1908 involved are included. In the case of disputes extending into two or more years the days the year in which they fell. *** **** 16.1 APPENDIX I V. GREAT LABOUR DISPUTES, 1888-1907. 162 APPENDIX IV. GREAT LABOUR DISPUTES-1888 to 1907 (Compiled from the Annual Reports of the Board of Thrade on Strikes and Lock-outs.) * & A. §§ Date when dispute #; Trade, Locality. Work- of Dispute e F. woºing involved. | Began. Ended. Days. 1888 No great labour disputes. 1889 Nail makers and anchor | East Worcestershire 15,000 8 July 15 July 105,000 3miths. District, Dock labourers, lighter— London.. tº tº 28,160 13 Aug. 16 Sept. 682,000 men, wharfingers, &c. T}ock labourers .. ... Bristol and Avon- 5,600 28 Nov. 4 Dec. 34,000 mouth. 1890 Dock labourers .. ... Liverpoolandlbirken-| 20,000 27 Feb. 31 Mar. 500,000 * Bargemen (Brick River Thames and 8,811 1 Mar. 28 Apr. 502,000 Carrying). Medway. - Coal miners gº tº ... Yorkshire, Lanca - || 107,484 15 Mar. 24 Mar. 650,000 shire and Midlands. * - Engineers ... . . . . North-East Coast .. 20,000 I7 Mar. 26 Mar, 175,000 Lasters and finishers | London generally . . 10,000 31 Mar. 5 May 300,000 (Boot and shoe trade). Rivetters and finishers | Norwich * * 7,000 12 June 14 July 196,000 (Boot and shoe trade), Steel Workers .. . Glasgow, Motherwell 7,000 28 July 17 Aug. 119,000 and District. 3. Blastfurnacemen tº e Iºshire and Ayr- 4,200 4 Oct. lsº 445,000 * Sºl II'ê. * Woollen weavers and Manningham, Brad- 5,000 16 Dec. 29 April, 510,000 other operatives. ford. 1891, - Railway men generally | North British Co., 5,728 21 Dec. 31 Jan., 176,000 Caledonian Co., 1891. Glasgow and South Western Co. 1891 Coal miners & tº º Vº districts in 11,220 About 3 days in Feb. 34,000 RITElā, Iºl. ' Carpenters and Joiners | London.. ... --> 8,758 2 May 20 Oct. 800,000 Tailors . . . . . . tºº End 10,500 20 May 29 May 94,000 and U1ty). * Tailors .. tº tº ... | London, E. .. e is 10,000 31 May 20 June 180,000 Omnibus drivers, con- London.. gº º tº ºn 8,000 7 June 13 June 56,000 ductors, washers, horsekeepers, &c. Corn porters .. ... | Dublin .. tº gº ê º 3,000 24 June 15 Aug. 110,000 Shipbuilders .. ... IRiver Clyde .. • * 10,000 1 July Aug. 360,000 (Lasted six weeks.) Boot and Shoe opera- || London.. * † tº º 10,016 4 Oct. 5 Nov. 50,000 tives. Engineers.. . . . . . Tyne and Wear .. 13,709 21 Oct. 9 Nov. 233,000 1892. £ngineers tº º ... | Tyne and Wear .. 10,785 7 Jan. 26 April 807,000 Coal porters and London.. g is gº tº ,000 29 Jan. 17 Feb. 50,000 C2, Iºn 10 Il, GREAT LABOUR DISPUTEs, 1888–1907. 163 GREAT LABOUR DISPUTES-1888 to 1907—continued. Aggregate Total Date when dispute Ijºration No. of of Dispute Trade. Locality. ...; iº people Working involved. Began. Ended. Days. 1892—continued. Coal miners & e 'Co. Durham .. tº º 75,000 12 Mar. 1 June 4,275,000 Cotton operatives Oldham district and 31,500 18 April 7 May 567,000 - other parts of S.E. Lancashire. Coal miners ... Cumberland .. © e 8,555 14 Mar. 6 June 513,000 Pottery workers ... North Staffs .. tº ge 20,000 2 May 21 May 360,000 Spinners, cardroom | Oldham, Ashton, 50,000 7 Nov. 25 Mar. 5,950,000 hands, &c. Rochdale, Hyde, 1893. - Stockport, Man- chester, Heywood, Darwen, Bury, Mossley, Staly— bridge, Dukinfield, Glossop. 1893. Dock labourers, sea- EIull . . . . . . 11,100 5 Apr. 19 May 300,000 men, lightermen, &c. * Jute millworkers tº ſº. Pºe and Moni- 23,360 1 May 5 May 82,000 €till, Coal miners . . . . . Forest of Dean e G 4,000 8 July 18 Sept. 204,000 Coal miners. . . . . . . . Federated Districts 300,000 28 July 17 Nov. 21,137,000 Hauliers and miners .. Pºli % South Wales 90,000 1 Aug. 6 Sept. 1,500,000 * all OIl. Coal miners & & ... Cumberland .. ſº gº 10,000 11 Aug. 16 Aug. 50,000 Coal miners ... ..., | Fife and Kinross .. 8,000 22 Aug. 6 Sept 96,000 Coal miners © e. . . . West Scotland and 32,000 23 Nov. 9 Dec. 416,000 West Lothian. 1894. Coal miners tº a Lanarkshire, Ayr- 35,000 7 May 11 May 175,000 shire, Stirlingshire, and part of the Lothians. Cab drivers ... . . . London. * * * * 7,000 15 May 11 June 196,000 (Joail miners . . ... Scotland. tº º * 70,000 25 June 22 Oct. 5,600,000 1895, Boot and shoe opera- || Birmingham, Bristol, 46,000 | 11 Mar. 20 Apr. 1,564,000 lives. Colchester, Daven- - try, Desborough, - Enderby, Higham and Rushden, Hair- pole, Ipswich, Ket- tering, Kingswood, Leicester, Leeds, London, Newcastle- on-Tyne, North- ampton, South Wigston, Woolla- ston, &c. * Woollen Wea, VerS ... Yeadon and Guiseley 4,500 25 June 3 Au 158,000 Timplate makers ... North and South 9,000 1 July July & 6,000 - Wales and Mon. $ Aug. Linen and jute opera— Dundee and Lochee 32,000” 17 Aug. 30 Aug 384,000 tives, Engineers ... . . . . . Belfast . . . . 5,600 | 11 Oct. * 504,000 Engineers . . © e ... Clyde District • tº 5,200 5 Nov. *ś. 359,000 164 APPENDIX IV. GREAT LABOUR DISPUTES–1888 to 1907—continued. Aggregate §§ Date when dispute Ijuration Tradc. Locality. Y. Of D hºute - people Working involved. | Began. Emded. Days. 1896. Builders' Labourers London • Q * * 8,141 1 May 20 June 350,000 Building trades ll Dublin and Suburbs 4,500 1 May 28 Aug. 114,000 generally. Carpenters and joiners | London tº º 6,000 18 May 1 June 72,000 Slate quarrymen Bethesda, 2,800 30 Sept. 3, #. 790,000 Timplate makers . . . South Wales .. tº º 5,000 About a weekin 30,000 Oct. Nov. 1897. Fº and linen opera- || Belfast .. 8,000 19 Jan. 24 Jan. 48,000 T.I.W.G.S. Railway servants ... | North-Eastern Rail- 5,165 20 Feb. 26 Feb. 25,000 YWay, Engineers iron grinders, Oldham * @ e tº 12,000 13 Mar. 11 May 564,000 &C. Frigineers, machine- London and other 47,500 5 July 28 Jan., 6,849,000 men and others. districts of the 1898. United Kingdom. 1898, Coal miners, hauliers, South Wales and 100,000 1 April 31 Aug. 11,650,000 3.C. Monmouth. Coal miners tº ge ... West Scotland 24,000 14 April 17 April 48,000 Twisters, drawers, and Glossop 6,100 28 July 30 July 18,000 other cotton Opera- tives. 1899, Plasterers and England and Wales 4,000 6 Mar. 17 June 200,000 labourers. * . - Jute workers .. ... | Dundee • * e q 35,000 28 Aug. 21 Sept. $44,000 1900, Potter y worker 8 || Potteries ſº tº tº º 20,000 26 Mar. 28 May 640,000 (ºftenware SCC- 1OD ). Cardroom operatives | Wigan , , e - Q & 4,736 18 May 27 July 223,000 and other work- people. e. - - Lightermen, watchmen | London, Port of 1,564 12 Oct. 24 Jan., 110,000 and apprentices. 1901. Slate quarrymen ... Bethesda, * , 2,500 22 NOV. lº. 505,000 1901. Enginemen and colliery Lamarkshire .. ... ; 25,628 1 April 6 April 139,000 workpeople generally. Trawl fishing boat engi- || Grimsby Q Q tº tº 4,000 1 July 5 Oct. 317 (00 neers, fishermen, &c. 1902. Winding enginemen and Alonmouthshire . . . 12,060 1 Jan. 3 Jan. 36,000 . colliery work- (Western district), people. Tit lads and other | Federated districts.. 102,612 July Sapt. 872,000 colliery workpeople. GREAT LABOUR DISPUTES, 1888–1907. 9 16 GREAT LABOUR DISPUTES–1888 to 1907—continued. A t Total Date when dispute #; No. of of Dispute Trade. Locality. Work- sº people woºing involved. Began. Ended. Days. -> 1903. Engineers.. & © ... Clyde district • 5,000 1 May 16 May 59,000 Timplate and steel | South Wales, Mon– 14,000 31 Aug. Sept. 98,000 workers, mouthshire, , and Gloucestershire, i 1904, Masons, Labourers, &c. Glasgow tº º º º 5,500 1 July 25 Aug. 227,000 Pit Lads, Miners, &c. ... Derby, Notts., Staffs., s Jan. Jan. 10,000 and Warwickshire, Coal miners © º . . . Whitehaven .. * † 1,672 27 June 1 Oct. 109,000 1905. Pattern makers . . . . . Clyde district ſº 811 || 17 Apr. ; 14 Oct 108,000 Coal miners . . . ... Newport (near) .. 1,500 1 July 3| 3.§ 229,000 Coal miners tº Q ... Pontypoel (near) 1,300 1 July 1%;je 291,000 Coal miners tº º ... Wigan .. & e tº º 2,359 1 Aug. º: 245,000 C of t on W ea. We rs, Bolton .. & ºr tº gº 930 27 Dec. 19 Sept 135,000 Winders, beamers, 1906 twisters, drawers and tacklers. 1906. Jute spinners, pre- | Dundee & vº tº º 20,000 20 Feb. 13 Mar. 153,000 parers, Weavers, &c. Coal miners tº º ... Aberdare Valley .. 5,400 1 May 10 May 34,000 Flax spinners, reelers, Belfast .. & © tº e 5,000 14 May 24 May 15,000 weavers, winders, &c. *. Flax weavers. winders, Belfast .. * > * e e 19,000 21 May 9 June 226,000 ºnners preparers, C. Tailors sº º ... London, E. . . & ſº 5,000 11 June 22 June 55,000 Coalminers e is ... Rhymney Valley 12,000 1 Sept. 8 Sept. 74,000 and Maesteg. Shipbuilders .. . . . The Clyde .. * * 15,285 1 Oct. 20 Nov. 592,000 Shipbuilders .. ... Tees and Hartlepools 3. 31 Oct. º#" 212,000 Coal miners tº º ... Pontypridd and 15,000 1 Nov. 14 Nov. 96,000 Rhondda Valley, - 1907. Ironmoulders, pattern- || Belfast . . tº º 2,350 1 June 27 July 107,000 makers, fitters, labourers, &c. Mill Workers (thread | Paisley .. tº º tº º 9,700 23 Sept. 4 Oct, 37,000 manufacture). Hat makers tº º . . . Denton and Stock- 4,525 26 Oct. 18 Dec. 192,000 port. 166 APPENDIX W. APPENDIX V. SPECIMEN FORMS OF INQUIRY. (a) Form of Inquiry addressed to EMPLOYERS respecting Strikes and Lock-outs. If your reply is addressed to— THE COMMISSIONER FOR LABOUR, LABOUR DEPARTMENT, At the address given opposite, BOARD OF TRADE, no postage need be paid. GWYDYR HOUSE, WHITEHALL, The following reference letter and LONDON, S.W. number should be quoted:—S.— a & & SIR, The Labour Department of the Board of Trade is desirous of obtaining a complete and accurate record of Strikes and Lock-outs, and of Changes in Rates of Wages and Hours of Labour in the United Kingdom as they occur, for publication in the Annual Reports on these subjects presented to Parliament, and also in the “Board of Trade Labour Gazette,” a monthly Journal issued by this Department. These statistics are collected and published by the Department in pursuance of the following Resolution adopted by the House of Commons on the 2nd March, 1886:— - - “That, in the opinion of this House immediate steps should be taken to “ ensure in this country the full and accurate collection and publication of “Labour Statistics.” As the value of these statistics is greatly increased if the parties concerned co-operate with the Department by supplying accurate information, I should be glad if you would... kindly answer as many as possible of the questions asked on the form en- closed. Any information you may be good enough to furnish will be used solely for statistical purposes, and will not be pub- lished under your name. & If from any cause iſou are unable at present to answer the questions on Part II. of the form, will you be 80 good as to fill in and return Part I. at once, and Send Part II. as soon as it is possible to do so.” The practice of the Department is to ask a representative of the workpeople affected by the dispute for similar particulars. I am, Sir, Your obedient Servant. * In the original, Parts I. and II. are printed on opposite pages and can readily be separated, the paper being perforated down the Gentre, FORMS OF INQUIRY. 167 Information for the use of the Labour Department, Board of Trade, * Gwydyr House, Whitehall, London, S.W. - - STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS. PART I. [To be forwarded as soon as possible, without waiting for termination of dispute.] Questions. Answers. * 1. Name of Trade affected tº ſº tº 2. Number of Firms whose work- people struck or were locked- Out. 2a. If an Employers' Association is concerned in the dispute, please give its title and the name and address of its Secretary. 2b. If no Employers' Association is concerned, please furnish a list of names and addresses of the principal firms in- volved in the dispute. 3. Cause or object of strike or lock-out. (Enclose copy of any application or motice connected with the origin of the dispute.) 4. Date of the first day on which the workpeople were absent from work through strike or lock-out. (If notices were handed in, give also date of notice.) Apprentices and sº other young Occupations. Men. Women. persons. Males. | Females, 5. State Occupations and Num- bers of workpeople :- (a) On strike or locked- 07tt :- (b) Qther workpeople at above establishments who were thrown out of work owing to the strike or lock-out, although || not themselves on strike or locked-out :- Total Number of Workpeople affected.” * If the dispute is a general one, please say whether the figures given relate to your firm only or to all the firms involved : * 168 . . APPENDIX W. Information for the use of the Labour . Department, Board of - Trade, Gwydyr House, Whitehall, London, S.W. STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS. - PART II. [To be forwarded as soon as the dispute is terminated.] Questions. . Answers. 6. Date of termination of strike or lock-out, i.e. : (a) The last week-day on which the workpeople were on strike or locked-out, or (b) The date by which all the places of the strikers were filled up. (If there was no definite end to the dispute, please state approximately when it may be regarded as practically closed.) 7. Terms of Settlement of strike or lock-out. (Encloge copy of any printed or written agreement that may have been made.) 8. Describe the steps taken which resulted in the Settlement, giving the names of any organisations or persons assisting to bring this about. 9. If the result involved a Change in the Rates Of Wages or Hours of Labour, give the following particulars for all workpeople whose wages or hours were changed, whether Strikers or not. - * Number of Date | | Rašešof Wägest Hours of Labour in a g Workpeople #3; in a full week, ex- full week, exclusive of oº::" Wº: Which clusive of overtime, mealtimes and overtime. $ ageS Wages or Hours. Or Hours º Were #. jº. After Before After changed.* | * 60t. change. change. change. change. * This number should include all workpeople affected by the change in wages or hours, aven if they were not involved in the dispute, . # In the case of piece workers, please, state in these cºlumns the percentage, increase or decrease in piece prices, and give an estimate of the effect of the change on the average weekly earnings of an ordinary Worker. * Signature Address Date am======ºss-º- -º-º-º-º-º-º- -: - - -ºr- <º-º-º-º-º- FORMS OF ENOUIRY, 169 ( b) Form of Inquiry addressed to Representatives of WORK PEOPLE respecting Strikes and Lock-outs. If your reply is addressed to— The Commissioner for Labour, LABOUR DEPARTMENT, At the address given opposite, BOARD OF TRADE, Gwy DYR House, WHITEHALL, LONDON, S.W. no postage need be paid. The following reference letter and number should be quoted:—S.— DEAR SIR, The Labour Department of the Board of Trade is desirous of obtaining a complete and accurate record of Strikes and Lock- outs, and of Changes in Rates of Wages and Hours of Labour in the United Kingdom, as they occur, for publication in the Annual Reports on these subjects presented to Parliament, and also in the “Board of Trade Labour Gazette,” a monthly Journal issued by this Department. - These statistics are collected and published by the Department in pursuance of the following resolution adopted by the House of Commons on the 2nd March, 1886 :— “That, in the opinion of this House, immediate steps should be taken “to ensure in this country the full and accurate collection and publication “ of Labour Statistics.” As the value of these statistics is greatly increased if the parties concerned co-operate with the Department by supplying accurate information, I should be glad if you would kindly answer as many as possible of the questions asked on the form enclosed. Any information you may be good enough to furnish will be used solely for ståtistical purposes, āfīd Will not be published under your name. If from any cause you are unable at present to answer the questions on Part II. of the form, will you be so good as to fill in and return Part I. at once, and send Part II. as soon as it is possible to do so.” The practice of the Department is to ask the employer affected by the dispute for similar particulars. Yours faithfully, * See note on p. 166, 12670 - - - - M 170 APPENDIX W. Information for the use of the Labour Department, Board of Trade, Gwydyr House, Whitehall, London, S.W. 4 STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS. PART I. [To be forwarded as soon as possible, without waiting for termination of dispute.] Er-E -- 2 ºr Questions. Answers. 1. Name of Trade affected e e e 2. Number of Firms whose work- people struck or were locked- Out. 2a. If an Employers' Association is concerned in the dispute, please give its title and the name and address of its Secretary. 2b. If no Employers' Association is concerned, please furnish a list of the names and ad- dresses of the principal firms involved in the dispute. 3. Cause or object of strike or lock-out. (Enclose copy of any application or notice connected with the Origin of the dispute.) 4. Date of the first day on which the workpeople were absent from work through strike or lock-out. (If notices were handed in give also date of notice.) 5. State Occupations and Num- bers of Workpeople— (a) On Strike or locked-out :— (a) Trade Unionists (b) Non-Unionists ... (b) Other workpeople at above establishments who were thrown out of work owing to the strike or lock-out, although not themselves on strike or locked-out:— (a) Trade Unionists (b) Non-Unionists ... Occupations. Apprentices and other young Men, Women. perSons, Males. |Females. Total Number of Workpeople affected.” * If any other workpeople were affected, respecting whom you can state no exact figures, please give below the name and address of some person who could do so :- FORMS OF INQUIRY. 171 1nformation for the use of the Labour Department, Board of Trade, Gwydyr House, Whitehall, London, S.W. STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS. PART II. [To be forwarded as soon as the dispute is terminated.] Questions. Answers. 6. Date of termination of strike or lock-out, i.e.:- (a) The last week-day on which the workpeople were cn strike or locked-out, or (b) If there was no defi- nite end to the dispute, the date by which it may be regarded as practically closed. 7. Terms of Settlement, if any, of strike or lock-out. (Enclose copy of any printed or written agreement that may have been made.) 8. Describe the steps taken which resulted in the settlement, giving the names of any organisations or persons assisting to bring this about. - 9. If the result involved a Change in the Rates Of Wages Or Hours of Labour, give the following particulars for all workpeople whose wages or hours were changed, whether Strikers or not. Number of Workpeople whose Rates of esh Hours of Labour g Wages or Hours were Changed.* | Date | Tin *Wººf in a full week, Occupations from exclusive of over- exclusive of affected by Which time. meal times and *ś." Trade Unionists. Non-Unionists, change Overtime. Yº. takes OT HOULTS, effect. Before | After || Before | After Males. Females. Males. Females. Change. Change. Change. Change. * This number should include all workpeople affected by the change in wages or hours even if they were not involved in the dispute. f In the case of piece workers, please state, in these Columns the percentage increase or decrease in piece prices, and give an estimate of the effect of the change on the average weekly earnings of an ordinary worker. Signature Sº- 4ddress - - -- *—it——º- Date -**—? A —A– -- 172 APPENDIX w. (c) Form of Inquiry sent with a Circular Letter to Secretaries of CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION BOARDS except those in the Boot and Shoe Trade. - Information for the use of the Labour Department of the Board of Trade, Gwydyr House, Whitehall, London, S. W. - PROCEEDINGS OF BOARDS OF CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION IN 1908. Name of Board Year. in which Board was formed *s- -*-* ------------ - Number of Cases. ... " I.—NUMBER OF CASES CONSIDERED. Number of old Cases under consideration of the lº Board, Arbitrators, or Umpire, at beginning of 1908 tº º º e tº e • * * tº º º e º 'º Number of new Cases brought before the Board during 1908 * c & dº gº tº - *Total Number of Cases considered in 1908 i– II.-CASES DISPOSED OF. Withdrawn e Ruled out of order Number of Cases in | 1908– Settled independently Nº. Of dº (1) Board or Committees 1908 by— * ) (2) Arbitrators or Umpire Total Number of Cases disposed of in 1908 III–CASEs UNSETTLED. Number of Cases remaining under considera- tion at end of 1908 4– IV.-CASES INVOLVING STRIKES OR LOCK-OUTS. Please state how many of the Cases considered involved Strikés or Lock-outs, giving also for each of such disputes the approximate date of its beginning, and the names and addresses (not for publication) of the firms affected – W.-CASES SETTLED BY THE BOARD IN 1908. Blease give below particulars of the points involved in the more important Cases, not involving Strikes or Lock-outs, settled by the Board in 1908, stating the decision of the Board in each Case. - Please state below the names and addresses of the Secretaries to the Board :--- - - Employers' Secretary. Workmen's Secretary (if any). Name - ...: Address * This Total should equal the sum of the Totals under II. and III. __. . . .". FoRMS OF INQUIRY. 173 (d) Form of Inquiry sent with a Circular Letter to Secretaries of the CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION BOARDS in the BOOT AND SHOE TRADE. Information for the use of the Labour Department of the Board of Trade, Gwydyr House, Whitehall, London, S.W. PROCEEDINGS OF BOARDS OF CONCILIATION AND - - - ARBITRATION IN 1908. Name of Board Year in which Board was formed Cases involving - classifica- Other I. NUMBER OF CASES CONSIDERED. tion of ... | TOTAL. samples or Number of old Cases under considera-' | *.* tion of the Board, Arbitrators, or Um- mº-º-º- pire, at beginning of 1908 Number of new Cases brought before the Board during 1908 © tº ſº § e º *Total Number of Cases considered in 1908 II. CASES DISPOSED OF. . . . Withdrawn º Number of Cases ) Ruled out of order in 1908— Settled indepen- - dently * -. - - (1) Board or Com. Number of Cases) ºn. ... settled during (2) Arbitr tº gº ºn g ators or 1908 by- (“tºº." Total Number of Cases disposed of in 1908 tº tº e tº º º III. CASES UNSETTLED. Number of Cases remaining under con- sideration at end of 1908 ... • • - - F IV.- CASES INVOLVING STRIKES OR LOCK-OUTS. Please state how many of the Cases considered involved Strikes or Lock-outs, giving also for each of such disputes the approximate date of its beginning, and the names and addresses (not for publication) of the firms affected :— W.—CASES SETTLED BY THE BOARD IN 1908. Please give below particulars of the points involved in the more important Cases, not involving Strikes or Lock-outs, settled by the Board in 1908, stating the decision of the Board in each Case. - . Please state below the names and addresses of the Secretaries to the Board :— - ~. Employers' Secretary. Workmen's Secretary (if any). Name - •–4. Address * This Total should equal the sum of the Totals under II. and III. 174 LATEST BOARD OF TRADE PUBLICA. TIONS ON LABOUR QUESTIONS.* The 44 Board of Trade Labour Gazette" gives full information relating to the state of Employment in the principal trades in the United Kingdom, based on monthly returns from employers and their associations, trade unions, and other sources. Special articles are also given on matters of current interest, as well as statistical and other information respecting Trade Disputes, Changes in Wages and Hours, Conciliation and Arbitration cases, Industrial Accidents, Legal cases affecting Labour, Prices, Railway Traffic Receipts, Foreign Trade of the United Kingdom, Employment in the Colonies and Abroad, &c. [Pp. 32, feap. ; price 1d. monthly from local newsagents.] Twelfth Abstract of Labour Statistics of the United King- dom, 1906-7.-This volume gives a summary of labour statistics for the United Kingdom for a series of years. Among the various subjects dealt with are:—Employment, Wages, Disputes, Trade Unions, Co-operation, Accidents, Pauperism, &c. &c. [Cd. 4,413 ; pp. 274, 8vo; price 1s. 2d., by post 1s. 5d.] Third Abstract of Foreign Labour Statistics.-Summary of statistical information, published mainly by Foreign Governments, respecting Wages and Hours of Labour, Trade Unions, Trade Disputes, Conciliation and Arbitration, Workmen's Insurance, and Co-operation. [Cd. 3,120 ; pp. 38i, 8vo; price is. 6d., by post 1s. 10d.] Standard Time Rates of Wages in the United Kingdom at 1st October, 1906.—Rates of Wages and Hours of Labour in principal towns in the United Kingdom in Building, Engineering and Shipbuilding, Printing, Woodworking, &c., Trades. [Cd. 3,245; pp. 130, 8vo; price 7d., by post 9%d.] -- Standard Piece Rates of Wages and Sliding Scales in the United Kingdom (1900) —Definition of Piece-wage and Time-wage; detailed account of principal Piece Rate lists; lists of Standard Piece Rate Statements and Sliding Scales in existence at the beginning of 1900. 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[Cd. 4,545 ; pp. LXXIV. and 250 ; price 2s. 7d., by post 2s. 10d.] Twenty-first Annual Report on Strikes and Lock-outs and Conciliation and Arbitration Boards in the United Kingdom in 1908.-Statistical Summaries of Industrial Disputes, showing numbers affected, working time lost, causes and results, and methods of settlement ; details of important disputes ; comparative figures for previous years. [Cd. 4680; pp. 175, 8vo; price 8%d., by post 11d.] - * These may be obtained through booksellers, or direct from Wyman & Sons, Ltd., Fetter Lane, E.C.; Oliver & Boyd, Tweeddale Court, Edinburgh ; or E. Ponsonby, 116, Grafton Street, Dublin. • 12670–11 6 175 Proceedings under the Gonciliation (Trade Disputes) Act, 1896 : 6th Report (July, 1905, to June, 1907).--Number of cases dealt with under the Act and number of settlements arrived at, with details of each case and information as to terms of settlement, awards, &c. 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With an Introductory Memorandum, 1908. [Cd. 3,864; pp. liii & 616; price 6s., by post 6s. 6d.] Gost of Living in German Towns.—Report of an Enquiry by the Board of Trade into Working Class Rents, Housing and Retail Prices, together with the Rates of Wages in certain Occupations in the Principal Industrial Towns of the German Empire. With an Introductory Memorandum and a comparison of the conditions in Germany and the United Kingdom, 1908. [Cd. 4,032; pp. lxi and 548 ; price 4s. 11d., by post 5s. 3d.] Gost of Living in French Towns.—Report of an Enquiry by the Board of Trade into Working Class Rents, Housing and Retail Prices, together with the Rates of Wages in certain occupations in the Principal Industrial Towns in France, with an Introductory Memorandum and a comparison of the conditions in France and the United Kingdom, 1908. [Cd. 4,512; pp. liv. and 430; price 4s. 1d., by post 4s. 6d.] Directory of Industrial Associations, 1907.-Names and addresses of Employers' Associations, Conciliation and Arbitration Boards, Trade Unions, Trades Councils, Federations of Trade Unions, Workmen's Co-operative Societies, and certain Friendly Societies. [Cd. 3,554; pp. 207, 8vo; price 11d., by post 1s. 2d.] Statistical Gharts for St. Louis Exhibition.—Charts (reduced in size) illustrating Statistics of Trade, Employment, and Conditions of Labour in the United Kingdom. [Cd. 2,145 ; price 4s. 9d., by post 5s.] Li O N DO N : PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, BY DARLING & SON, LTD., 34-40, BACON STREET, E. 1909. ſh B.L. Howitzer, 5 ſch B.L. Howitzer. IM AND SMALL ARMS. Inspection of. EDICAL CORPS. ROYAL ARMY. NANCE SERVICES. ARMY. Regul: Do. do. DO. do. miralty Publications — ERICA, CENTRAL, AND THE UNITED STA 907. Supplement, 1909. UNA SEA DIRECTORY. Wol. II., 1906. 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PONSONBY, 116, GRAFTON STREET, DUBLIN. . 1909. [Cd. 4680.] Price #d. ——--— - - -- ---