HV
9105
M22
P8
UNIY, OF MICH
211908
B 373103 I
THIRTY-SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
Trustees, Superintendent, Treasurer, Teachers
and Physician
OF THE
STATE REFORM SCHOOL,
CAPE ELIZABETH, ME.
1889

Compliments of


J. R. Farrington
Superintendent
:


THIRTY-SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
Trustees, Superintendent, Treasurer, Teachers
and Physician
OF THE
STATE REFORM SCHOOL,
CAPE ELIZABETH,
STATE OF MAINE.
DECEMBER 1, 1889.
Published agreeably to a Resolve approved February 25, 1871.
AUGUSTA :
BURLEIGH & FLYNT, PRINTERS TO THE STATE.
1890.
Present Board of Trustees.
ALBION LITTLE of Portland.
Term expires January 15, 1891.
MARK P. EMERY of Portland.
Term expires March 15, 1892.
W. W. BOLSTER of Auburn.
Term expires February 6, 1893.
HENRY INGALLS of Wiscasset.
Term expires August 9, 1891.
JOHN J. PERRY of Portland.
Term expires March 15, 1892.
Officers of the Board.
PRESIDENT.
ALBION LITTLE.
SECRETARY.
W. W. BOLSTER.
TREASURER.
M. P. EMERY.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
ALBION LITTLE, M. P. EMERY, W. W. BOLSTER.
AUDITING COMMITTEE.
HENRY INGALLS, J. J. PERRY.
J
Regular meetings of the Board are held on the third Tuesday of February, May, August
and November.
Regular meetings of the Executive Committee are held on the first Monday of each month.
VISITING COMMITTEES,
AS ASSIGNED by the SECRETARY FOR 1889 AND 1890.
LITTLE and BOLSTER, December 21 to December 28, 1889.
EMERY and PERRY, January 18 to January 25, 1890.
INGALLS and LITTLE, February 15 to February 22,
BOLSTER and EMERY, March 14 to March 21,
PERRY and INGALLS, April 11 to April 18,
LITTLE and BOLSTER, May 9 to May 16,
EMERY and INGALLS, June 6 to June 13,
PERRY and BOLSTER, July 4 to July 11,
EMERY and LITTLE, August 1 to August 8,
INGALLS and PERRY, August 29 to September 5,
INGALLS and BOLSTER, September 26 to October 3,
LITTLE and PERRY, October 24 to October 31,
INGALLS and EMERY, November 21 to November 28,
66
"
In case a member cannot make his appointed visit, he is required to designate some member
who can do so for him. Both members are required to unite in making the visit on the
Bame day.
TRUSTEES OF THE STATE REFORM SCHOOL
SINCE ITS ORGANIZATION.
Name.
Residence. When appoint'd Term.
When expired.
Henry Carter
Edward Fox.
Portland
Portland.... May 11, 1853.
do
2 years
May 11, 1855
2 +
do
•
..
Oliver L. Currier
•
John W. Dana
James T. McCobb
James T. McCobb
Henry Carter.
Elias Craig..
Manassah H. Smith
..
Preserved B. Mills.
Edward Fox.
William A. Rust.
Joseph C. Noyes.
John F. Anderson
Elias Craig..
Joseph C. Noyes.
William A. Rust.
Preserved B. Mills
Elias Craig..
William A. Rust.
John F. Anderson.
J. C. Noyes.
C. F. Barker
Preserved B. Mills
John F. Anderson.
C. F. Barker
Portland
Portland
.... Portland
Augusta
Warren.
Portland
Bangor
Paris..
Portland..
•
Windham.
Augusta
Portland
Paris
Bangor
Augusta
Paris.
Windham
Portland
Wayne
...
Oct. 24, 1862.
do
New sharon, July 7, 1853.
Fryeburg.
3
July 7, 1856.
do
3
do
Dec. 15, 1853.1"
•
July 2, 1855.
June 12, 1855.
3
•
►
Oct. 1, 1856.
B
do
3
July 7, 1857.
•
Oct. 7, 1857.
[Oct. 28, 1858.
do
Oct. 17, 1859.
3
do
•
•
Oct. 13, 1860,
3
do
•
July 9, 1861.
do
Oct 14, 1863.
WNW NW NW NWNNNN SU CE C2-
May 11, 1855.
July 7, 1857.
July 7, 1858.
Oct. 1, 1859.
do
July 7, 1859.
2
Oct. 7, 1859.
2
Oct. 1, 1860.
2
do
Oct. 17, 1862.
2
Oct. 17, 1861.
Oct. 13, 1863.
2
Oct. 13, 1862.
July 9, 1864.
2
July 9, 1863.
Oct. 25, 1865.
2
Oct. 25, 1864.
3
Oct. 14, 1866.
March 9, 1864.
Oct. 24, 1864.
Bangor
•
June 29, 1864. 3 years
July 9, 1867.
Windham...
Dec. 31, 1864.
Oct. 24, 1866.
Wayne
do
Oct. 24, 1867.
Noah Woods.
Bangor
Alfred..
•
April 4, 1865. 4 years
April 4, 1869.
• •
•
Bath..
•
•
Nathan Dane..
James Drummond.
Aaron P. Emerson.
James T. McCobb
Noah Woods
Tobias Lord.
Nathan Dane.
&
•
•
Theodore C. Woodman..
William E. Gould..
Jeremy W. Porter.
George Z. Higgins.
William E. Payne..
Warren H. Vinton.
William E. Gould.
Jeremy W. Porter.
•
Orland
Portland.
..
Bangor.....March 13, 1869 1
[Standish... May 6, 1869. 4
Portland ....Oct. 18, 1869.
Strong.. Jan. 28, 1871. │4
•
Alfred..
Bucksport...
do
do
.
Lubec
Bath
Gray
Deering.
Strong.
•
May 20, 1873.
do
do
Nov. 18, 1873.
Jan. 27, 1875
George Z Higgins..
Albion Little..
F. L. Carney
T. B. Hussey
James M. Bates.
George E. Church..
Isaac F Quinby
Thomas F. Donahoe
Enoch W. Woodbury
Robert L. Grindle
E. A. Thompson..
D. O'C. O'Donohue..
Owen B. Chadbourne.
Albion Little....
Mark P. Einery
W. W. Bolster.
Henry Ingalls.
John P. Perry.
•
...
·
•
Lubec.. May 24, 1877.
Portland....
do
Newcastle... July 11, 1877.
No. Berwick, Dec. 5, 1877.
Yarmouth... March 14,1879.
Cherryfield..
do
►
Westbrook April 16, 1879.
Portland.
Bethel...
Mt. Desert..
Dover..
Portland..
Saco
▸
July 2, 1879.
March 3, 1880.
March 10, 1880.
Oct. 20, 1880.
August 1, 1883.
Feb. 20, 1880.
Portland Jan. 15, 1883.
Portland....March 27,1884.
Feb. 5, 1885.
Auburn.
....
Wiscasset.... August 9, 1887.
Portland....
March 15,1888.
May 20, 1877.
do
do
Nov. 18, 1877.
Jan. 27, 1879.
REMARKS.
Retired March 14, 1879.
Term expired May 24, 1881.
Retired April 16, 1879.
April 16, 1879.
March 3, 1880.
March 10, 1880.
February 20, 1880.
Term expired July 2, 1883
Resigned Oct. 20, 1880.
Term expired March 10, 1884.
Retired February 5, 1885.
Term expired Aug. 1, 1887.
Term expired Feb. 20, 1888.
Now in office.
<.
(*
do
do
do
"
do
do
do
do
do
March 13, 1873.
May 6, 1873.
+
do
4
Resigned.
4
Oct 18, 1873.
Jan. 28, 1875.
2
Resident Officers and Employes.
J. R. FARRINGTON, Superintendent.
MRS. J. R. FARRINGTON, Matron.
E. P. WENTWORTH, Assistant Superintendent.
MISS M. N. MCCLURE, Teacher.
Miss D. P. LORD,
66
MRS. E. P. WENTWORTH, Teacher.
ARTHUR MERRILL, Instructor Mechanical School.
V. L. FITZGERALD, Overseer Chair Shop.
MISS H. J. FARRINGTON, Overseer Dormitory.
MISS H. P. JONES, Overseer Sewing Room.
MRS. A. P. SNOW, 66
MISS A. C. PARKER,
46
MISS LUCY A. BABBIDGE,
J. H. DOW, Watchman.
S. E. DILL, Gardener.
Front Kitchen.
D. M. WOODWARD, Farmer.
Boy's Kitchen.
Overseer Laundry.
S. WOODWARD, Assistant Farmer.
C. H. FARNHAM, Engineer.
List of Superintendents
SINCE THE ORGANIZATION OF THE SCHOOL.
WILLIAM R. LINCOLN,
SETH SCAMMAN,
GEORGE B. BARROWS,
ENOCH W. WOODBURY.
ELEAZER W. HUTCHINSON,
EBEN WENTWORTH,
CHARLES BUFFUM,
GEORGE W. PARKER,
JOSEPH R. FARRINGTON.
TRUSTEES' REPORT.
To His Excellency the Governor and the Honorable Council:
The Trustees of the Maine State Reform School have the
honor to present the thirty-sixth annual report of that institu-
tion, together with the annual reports of the treasurer and
superintendent.
It is with sincere gratitude to Almighty God, the creator
of all and the giver of all good, that they acknowledge the
inestimable blessings He has bestowed upon the institution
throughout the year.
VISITS AND INSPECTIONS.
A visiting committee of two members of the board, alter-
nating, have visited the school once in every four weeks, and
examined the register, schools, and the condition of the
inmates, and made records of their visits.
The executive committee have held monthly meetings at
the school, aud authorized such repairs as they deemed neces-
sary, and such purchases by the superintendent as might be
required. They have examined the finances, inspected the
food, clothing and buildings, and inquired into the conduct
of the officers and employes. They have examined the bills
of the superintendent and approved them, and have made
records of their meetings, and reported the same to the
board at their quarterly meetings. These records show that
the variety and quality of food and clothing supplied were
satisfactory, and that the clothing was kept clean and neat.
A very large number of the boys that are sent to the reform
8
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
school have been made what they are by circumstances over
which they had no control. They have never been taught to
know and do that which is right and noble, yet, by coming
in close contact with them, one will soon find that there is a
spot, though deep down, it may be, showing a higher nature
which if brought under high and noble influences may be
developed. It cannot be done by rough treatment, nor by
officers whose natures are scarcely higher than those possessed
by the boys. It is an old saying "like begets like." No-
where outside of the family is this doctrine more plainly
demonstrated than in the reform school. It is sometimes said
that some natures are beyond the reach and power of reforma-
tion. By what authority is such a doctrine sustained?
Whose experience teaches such a theory?
That some of the boys who go out from the honor grade
of the reform school fall into temptation, commit crimes and
find their way to the prisons again cannot be denied. But
even this does not prove that they could not be reformed
under some circumstances.
The trustees have adopted a plan for keeping a record of
the general standing of all the boys that are conditionally
discharged from the school. All boys so discharged are re-
quired to report to the school, at least once in every three
months, as to his health, occupation, conduct and general
bearing, which report must be certified to by their parents or
guardians.
From these reports and such other information as may be
had, the record of each boy is made up every three months.
These records show that forty-four boys have been condition-
ally discharged during the past year. Of that number
twenty-two are doing well, eight are doing fairly well, and
nine are doing badly. That so many are apparently reformed
and doing well and are likely to become useful citizens, is
encouraging. That some are doing only fairly well is not
unreasonable to expect when their surroundings are taken
into consideration. But that some should go out from the
TRUSTEES' REPORT.
9
school to return to their former habits of vice, calls for solici-
tude, and causes the trustees to inquire if there is not some
method by which all may be reached. It is believed that by
separating the boys into families and making two or three
officers alone responsible for the discipline, instruction and
training of each family, instead of a divided responsibility, as
is the case in the congregate system, will do much to accom-
plish the desired results. Upon the recommendation of the
trustees, the last legislature appropriated $10,000 to establish
one family school.
In the month of April a committee of the trustees and
Superintendent Farrington visited the New Jersey and Con-
necticut State Reform Schools for the purpose of learning
something of the workings of the family system and of the
construction of buildings for that system. They first went
to the New Jersey school located at Jamesburg. On their
arrival they received a most cordial welcome by Mr. Ira
Otterson, the superintendent of that institution and his esti-
mable wife, who is matron and principal of the schools.
This institution is conducted exclusively upon the family
system. Here were found 320 boys separated into seven
families. Each family has fifty boys except one, which was
not quite full at that time. Each of these families is gov-
erned, taught and cared for by two officers, who alone are
responsible for the results attained.
The committee had some curiosity to know the secret
whereby so few officers could manage so many boys with
such apparent success. Upon further investigation it was
concluded that the organization was so nearly perfect that
the institution appeared to run itself. There appeared to be
no friction. The inmates were happy and contented in their
homes. The buildings, while not elaborately finished, are
well adapted to their use.
Among other noticeable features here were a well trained
military company and a brass band. In both, the boys
seemed to take great pride and delight.
10
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
The committee next visited the Connecticut Reform School.
This school, located at Meriden was originally organized up-
on the congregate plan, similar to that of the Maine school.
About ten years since Mr. George E. Howe was called to
the superintendency of this school, and at once commenced
to re-organize it upon the family plan.
Mr. Howe is an advanced theorist upon the subject of
reformation of youth. He was the first to introduce the
family system into the United States. He made his first
experiment at Lancaster, Ohio, in 1859. During Mr. Howe's
superintendency, five cottages, large enough to contain fam-
ilies of fifty boys each, have been erected.
These cottages, for architectural design and finish are
specimens worthy to be copied by any State institution of the
kind. This institution is now running upon a mixed plan.
The buildings comprise the original large building and the
five new cottages heretofore referred to. In the large build-
ing the original congregate system is still in operation, which
undoubtedly will be entirely superseded by the family system
as soon as a sufficient number of cottages may be supplied.
Mr. Howe seemed to take great delight in showing to the
visitors the plans of the buildings and the workings of the
family system, and expressed much pleasure at the prospect
of the introduction of this system into the Maine school.
From the plans of the buildings seen by the trustees and
such other information as they could obtain, they were able
to procure of Messrs. Stevens & Cobb, architects, satisfac-
tory plans and specifications for the proposed new cottage.
Proposals for doing the masonry, carpentry, slating, painting,
plastering, metal work, steam heating and plumbing were
advertised for in five of the leading daily newspapers of the
State.
At a special meeting of the trustees held at the school on
the first day of July, when the proposals were opened and
the bids tabulated, it was found that by taking the lowest bids
for the above work and adding a small sum for sundries they
TRUSTEES' REPORT.
11
amounted to the sum of $13,456.67. As this amount ex-
ceeded the amount of the appropriation in the sum of $3,456.67
on motion of Mr. Ingalls, it was voted to reject all bids. Some
slight modifications were then made in the plans and the lowest
bidders were seen, and some concessions were made, and on
the sixth day of July, at an adjourned meeting of the trustees,
it was voted to contract with responsible parties for masonry,
carpentry, slating, painting, plastering and metal work at a
cost not exceeding $9,656.88. Contracts were at once made
upon this basis and the work is now nearly completed, except
the plastering and interior finish.
Owing to the lateness of the season it was not deemed
prudent to plaster the building till after the steam-heating
apparatus should be put in. This is now being done, and
when completed the plastering and finishing will go on. No
appropriation was made for furnishing the building. It is
very desirable that some plan may be devised for furnishing,
so that the new system may begin in the spring of 1890.
When this is accomplished, there is reason to believe that the
Maine State Reform School will take a high rank among
similar institutions.
The aim of the trustees has been the reformation of the
youth, and not the graduation of young criminals. Believing
that right training is the strong safeguard against wrong
doing, they have constantly had in view the moral, intel-
lectual and physical training of the unfortunate lads com-
mitted to their charge.
The trustees are gratified to be able to state that in all their
efforts for the reformation of these lads, they have had the
earnest and faithful co-operation of Mr. and Mrs. Farrington,
the superintendent and matron. They both are taking a deep,
personal interest in their peculiar work, quite equal to their
physical strength.
Mr. Wentworth, the assistant superintendent comes daily
in contact with all the boys. His long experience and peculiar
adaptation to the work contribute in great measure to the
success of the institution.
12
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
Mr. Merrill, the instructor in the mechanical school, takes
a good degree of interest in his department. The progress
made here shows that he is mindful of his duties.
The teachers are untiring in their efforts to impart to their
pupils such useful instruction as shall be of lasting benefit to
them. It is in this department, perhaps more than any other
that the greatest amount of good comes to these hitherto,
untaught lads. All the officers appear to take an interest in
their several departments, and are helping to make the school
what it is.
For details respecting the various industries and their
products, your attention is called to the detailed exhibits
shown in the superintendent's report.
For particulars relating to the financial condition of the
institution, reference is made to the exhibit, as shown in the
report of the treasurer.
The sanitary condition is most excellent. Plenty of good,
nutritious food, warm clothing, pure water, good drainage
and regular hours for work, school, play and sleep, all con-
tribute to the general good health of the inmates.
For further particulars respecting sanitary condition and
the health of the boys, reference is made to the report of the
attending physician.
ALBION LITTLE,
MARK P. EMERY,
W. W. BOLSTER,
JOHN J. PERRY,
HENRY INGALLS,
Trustees.
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TREASURER'S REPORT.
To the Trustees of the State Reform School:
GENTLEMEN :—I herewith submit a report of the receipts
and expenditures during the year ending November 30, 1889 ;
also the financial standing of the State Reform School at that
date. The accounts of the Superintendent and Treasurer
have been audited, and the vouchers forwarded to the
Governor and Council as required by law.
The following exhibits the receipts and disbursements
from December 1, 1888, to November 30, 1889.
MARK P. EMERY, Treasurer.
November 30, 1889.
Receipts from December 1, 1888, to November 30, 1889.
Balance on hand December 1, 1888......
From State Treasurer, for current expenses..
general repairs.
"
interest on Sanford legacy
farm and stock..
chair work
cities, towns, etc, board of boys.
mechanical school.
all other sources
$
7 70
15,000 00
2,000 00
42.00
1,283 22
2,629 21
3,708 43
5 05
201 86
$24,877 47
Expenditures from December 1, 1888, to November 30, 1889.
Salaries and labor
Flour..
•
Meats and fresh fish.
Provisions and groceries..
Ice......
Clothing
Bedding..
$7,108 63
2,338 10
798 44
1,576 44
35 10
1,370 37
134 43
14
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
Expenditures from Dec. 1, 1888, to Nov. 30, 1889-Concluded.
Boots and shoes.........
Fuel and lights...
· Crockery and glass-ware
Hardware and tin
House furnishings
Drugs and medicines
$ 957 86
1,908 09
55 24
150 52
309 65
93 01
Physician...
280 25
Funeral expenses....
64 50
Grave stones..
27 50
School books and stationery..
149 75
Library and reading room……………………………….
79 67
91 95
Printing and advertising.
Farm and garden
Stock and teams
Carriages and harnesses..
Blacksmithing….
Corn, meal, oats and fine feed.
Returning boys
Travelling expenses
Trustees' expenses.
Box rent and postage
•
Telegraphing and telephoning.
Boys' extra work
Chair stock and freight....
798 24
...
758 86
161 27
152 36
1,032 77
152 70
106 37
246 60
134 38
82 98
180 46
10 01
31.02
Excursions and amusements
Steam and plumbing..
General repairs and improvements
Family cottage
Sebago water...
Mechanical school, tools and hardware.....…………………… …………………………………………
stock
"
fuel
*
带着
​salary of instructor............
"(
miscellaneous.
Miscellaneous
Balance...
•
760 61
1,603 24
64 62
150 00
47 16
6.85
31 00
550 00
1 40
71 38
213 67
$24,877 47
Cottage Account-Receipts from Dec. 1, 1888, to Nov. 30, 1889.
From State Treasurer, for the erection of a cottage for a family school... $10,000 00
TREASURER'S REPORT.
15
Expenditures from December 1, 1888, to November 30, 1889.
Masonry...
Carpenter work
·
Piping.
Slating
Galvanized-iron work..
Balance to new account
The foregoing report examined and approved.
HENRY INGALLS,
JOHN J. PERRY,
$3,500 00
2,200 00
69 52
500 00
275 00
3,455 48
$10,000 00
Auditing
Committee.
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
To the Trustees of the State Reform School:
GENTLEMEN :-I have the honor to submit the thirty-sixth
annual report.
The whole number of boys who have been received into
the institution since it was opened is..
1930
Present number...
TABLE NO. 1.
125
Shows the Number Received and Discharged, and the general State
of the School for the Year Ending November 30, 1889.
Number of boys in school December 1, 1888
...
committed the past year
previously out on leave, returned
escaped, returned.
Whole number in school during the year
(
allowed to go on trial
died
remanded
pardoned.
escaped, returned.
•
t
133
40
4
2
179
48
3
1
•
1
1
54
125
Number of boys remaining December 1, 1889..
TABLE NO. 2.
Shows the Monthly Admissions and Departures, and the whole num-
ber each month.
Months.
Admissions. Departures.
Total.
December
January
3
7
136
6
3
135
February
3
135
March
5
April....
May..
June
July....
7
13
4
Não
5
140
142
2
133
4
6
135
2
2
131
August
September
October
3
1
132
November
126
647
132
128
2
127
Total..
46
54
Average for the year, 130.
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
17
Courts.
TABLE NO. 3.
Shows By What Authority.
Past Year.
Previously.
Total.
Supreme Judical Court
166
166
Superior Court...
1
18
19
Auburn Municipal Court....
1
6
7
Augusta
1
62
63
Bangor
5
10
15
Bath
2
72
74
Biddeford
44
84
85
Brunswick
23
23
Calais
40
40
Ellsworth
4
4
Farmington
1
1
Hallowell
(
20
20
Lewiston
("
1
57
58
Portland
12
481
493
Rockland
27
27
Saco
Waterville
20
24
3
3
Bangor Police Court
Belfast
Ellsworth
Gardiner
#
154
154
11
11
5
5
57
59
Portland
Rockland
Trial Justices..
U. S. Court.
16
16
1
26
27
8
523
531
1
4
5
40
1890
1930
TABLE NO. 4.
Shows the Disposition of those Discharged since Opening of the School.
Disposals.
Past Year.
Previously.
Total.
Discharged on expiration of sentence,
Discharged by Trustees.........
222
222
€39
639
Indentured to Barber
1
1
Blacksmith
1
1
Boarding mistress
1
Boiler maker,
1
1
Cabinet makers.
6
6
Carpenters
13
13
Cooper..
1
1
Farmers
286
286
Harness makers.
3
3
Laborers.
9
9
Lumbermen
3
3
Machinists...
5
5
Manufacturers...
2
2
Mason........
1
1
«
Miller
1
1
44
Sea captains
5
5
44
Shoemakers..
14
14
<
Tailors..
3
3
Tallow chandler
1
1
Allowed to leave on trial.
48
346
394
enlist...
19
19
18
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
1:1
TABLE No. 4—Concluded.

Disposals.
Past Year. Previously.
Total.
Illegally committed.
Remanded
Pardoned......
Finally escaped.
Violated trust
Died..
Delivered to courts.
Returned to masters.
8
8
IAA) | 00 | 1
1
36
37
1
11
12
73
73
42
42
3
39
42
17
17
4
4
TABLE NO. 5.
Shows the Length of Time the Boys have been in the School, who left.
the past year, and since November 30, 1877.
Time.
Past Year. Previously.
Total.
In school three months or less.
4<
four
five
<<
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
one year
and one month...
two months
three
44
four
<<
(*
five
six
<<
80ven
eight"
6212EN INN &
5
5
3
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
4
4
1
1
5
ة
2
2
2
2
nine
1
4
5
ten
8
8
**
eleven "
1
1
two years
2
20
22
and one month..
2
16
18
<<
(6
two months.
1
24
25
three
1
10
11
<<
four
(#
12
12
five
six
"
2
9
11
2
12
14
seven
eight
1
10
11
11
11
<<
<<
nine
5
6
**
ten
1
4
5
eleven "
7
7
three years....
12
12
ff
and one month...
7
7
44
«
two months
2
12
14
(*
three "
1
8
9
""
four
9
9
five
5
5
SUPERINTENDENT'S REport.
19
Time.
TABLE No. 5—Concluded.
Past Year. Previously.
Total.
In school three years and six months,
(C
seven
露露
​eight"
nine
ten
44
44
(6
44
four years
eleven "
44 and one month...
*
two months,
three
four "
five
six
seven
eight"
nine
3
"
ten
**
1
3
8
7
7
7
6
8
8
09 00 1- b 1 ∞ ∞ ∞ | 4 1 2 1 ∞ 1-24
5
4
7
6
2766 LA HIZI O
1
1
3
3
3
1
5
I ca i sa FE LO
1
1122AN IAA |
6
4
7
2
4
5
eleven "*
2
1
3
64
five years……….
2
2
and one month...
4
4
44
two months,
4
three
3
four
134
five
"<
44
44
#<
six
soven
3
3
2
2
44
eight
<<
4
4
(6
nine 番​备
​2
2
(
ten
3
3
eleven "
3
3
6
six years
6
6
and one month.
1
1
2
two months,
1
1
three
1
4
5
44
four "
1
1
1.
five
six
1
2
3
(4
2
2
(*
"
seven
2
2
eight
4
4.
nine (*
2
2
ten
1
1
eleven "
2
2
seven years,..
1
1
and one month.
1
1
45
two months,
1
1
2
three 44
3
3
four
2
2
(6
*
five
1
2
64
six
2
2
04
seven
1
44
eight
nine
ten
eleven "
1
1
THE 10
5
"" eight years or more………..
3
Average time past year: four years, three months.
8
20
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
TABLE No. 6.
Shows Offences for which Committed.

Offences.
Past Year.
Previously.
Total.
Larceny.
21
1,194
1,215
Truancy...
6
206
212
Vagrancy
Assault
Violation of postal laws
Common drunkard.
Robbery
Disturbing the peace
Embezzlement
Riot
Threatening to burn………………
Common runaway
Vagabondage
Cruelty to animals
Violation of city ordinance
Malicious mischief..
Drunkenness..
Breaking and entering.
Shop breaking.
·
•
Idle and disorderly……………….
Cheating by false pretences
Common pilferers
Arson.
Malicious trespass..
Sabbath breaking
Manslaughter
Attempt to steal
Assault with intent to rob..
Assault with intent to kill
Common night walker
Attempt to commit arson
Neglect of employment and calling.
Sodomy....
4.
116
120
96
97
1
65
66
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
53
55
1
1
45
45
•
•
19
19
17
17
14
14
2
9
11
❤
10
10
7
7
7
7
4
4
3
3
3
ENN10 00 00 w
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
•
•
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Secreting stolen goods..
Threatening lives
Placing obstructions on railroad track,
1
1
1
1
1
1
40
1,890
1,930
#
TABLE NO. 7-Shows the Alternative Sentence.
Alternative Sentences.
Past Year. Previously,
Total.
During minority in State Prison
Ten years in
*
Six
(5
Five
C
Four
Three
"
Two
One year and six months in State Prison
One year in State Prison.
Three years in County Jail or House of Cor.
Two
1
1
3
3
1
1
4
4
3
3
13
13
28
28
3
3
67
68
15
15
Eighteen months in
40.
*.
46.
46
2
One year in
**
27
Eleven months in
**
2
2
Ten
**
**
4
Nine
4
4
2000-710NN
SUPERINTENDENT'S REport.
21
TABLE NO. 7—Concluded.

Alternative Sentences.
Past Year Previously.
Total.
Six
Five
Four
66
Ninety days
Sixty
Fifty
Forty
Thirty
Eight months in Co. Jail or House of Correct'n
16
2
2
73
74
1
1
1
1
11
90
101
2
228
230
4
4
1
1
18
Twenty-nine days in "
Twenty-five
100 1
1,082
1,100
4
4
3
3
Twenty
Fifteen
Ten
46
42
43
"(
44
1
17
18
**
1
28
29
Two days or less in
No alternative.
Fine and costs...
16
16
•
Fine
Recognizance
| | | 30 |
29
32
42
42
1
2
3
3
40
1,890
1,930
TABLE NO. 8.
Shows the Admissions from Each County, and Last Residence.

Counties.
Towns.
Past Year. Previously.
Total.
Auburn
1
7
8
Danville
1
1
Greene.
4
4
Lewiston
1
89
90
•
Androscoggin.. { Lisbon
1
2
3
Livermore.
3
3
Minot
1
1
Poland
8
100
8
Webster.
3
3
•
Fort Fairfield
Houlton
Aroostook..... Mars Hill.
Perham Plantation.
Presque Isle.....
Sherman
Weston......
Blaine
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
22
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
Counties.
TABLE No. 8—Continued.
Towns.
Past Year. Previously.
Total.
Baldwin
Bridgton.
1
1
6
6
Brunswick
Cape Elizabeth
Cumberland .....
i
21
21
16
16
3
3
Deering
Freeport
Gorbam.
Gray......
Cumberland.... Harpswell.
Naples..
Otisfield.
Portland
Scarboro'..
Sebago...
Standish
Westbrook
Windham..
..
Yarmouth...
Eustis ..
* =
Farmington
3
3
1
6
6
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
12
491
503
}
5
5
1
1
2
2
11
11
2
2
4
4
f
1
1
3
3
•
Jay
Kingfield
1
1
3
3
Franklin...... { [Phillips.
3
3
Rangeley.
2
2
Rangeley Plantation
2
2
Sandy Kiver Plantation..
2
2
Wilton..
1
Bucksport.
7
7
Castine..
1
1
Deer Isle....
2
2
Ellsworth.
9
9
Franklin
1
1
Hancock....
Hancock
1
1
Long Island Plantation..
1
1
Mt. Desert..
Orland..
Penobscot
Sedgwick
Tremont
Albion
Augusta
4
4
2
2
•
1
1
•
1
1
•
6
6
1
1
1
54
55
Belgrade..
1
1
2
Benton
3
3
Chelsea.
•
China..
Clinton
•
7
1
1
2
2
Kennebec...
Farmingdale
Gardiner..
Hallowell..
Litchfield.
Manchester
Monmouth..
Pittston
Readfield....
1
1
2
37
39
20
20
5
5
3
3
5
5
77
7
4
4
Rome.
2
2
Sidney..
2
2
Vassalborough.
3
3
Vienna
4
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
23
Counties.
Table No. 8—Continued.
TABLE


Towns.
Past Year. Previously.
Total.
Kennebec-Con.
Waterville.....
Wayne..
*
West Gardiner.
West Waterville.....
Windsor.
Winslow.....
Winthrop...
16
16
1
12
2
2
3
3
1
1
4
4
6
6
Appleton
Camden.
Hope
2
2
11
11
3
3
Knox.....
Lincoln
Muscle Ridge Island.
Rockland.
South Thomaston.
St. George
Thomaston....
Union..
Vinalhaven
Warren
Washington.
...
Boothbay.
Bristol.....
Dresden.
Edgecomb.
•
Jefferson....
Newcastle...
1
1
1
54
55
5
5
5
5
7
7
1
1
5
5
3
3
1
1
12
12
2
3
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
Nobleborough
Southport...
4
4
2
2
Waldoborough..
Whitefield..
Wiscasset....
Bethel ....
Brownfield
Canton......
Dixfield
2
...
2
6
6
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
Greenwood.
1
1
Oxford.....
liram..
Milton Plantation.
Norway
Oxford
Paris.
Stoneham
•
5
6
1
1
212
2
1
2
1
1
1
Sweden
*
Waterford...
Alton
Bangor.....
Brewer
+
Carmel
·
1
110
1
1
1
5
2
2
163
168
10
10
1
1
1
Penobscot...
Charleston
Corinna..
Corinth
Dexter..
Dixmont.
Eddington
Exeter
Glenburn
Hermon
Holden
·
1
1.
1
1
2
2
7
7
1
•
1
1
1
..
2
2
3
3
3
3
1
1
•
Hudson
4
4
Levant....
Lincoln
5
5
1
24
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
Counties.
TABLE NO. 8—Continued.

Towns.
Past Year. Previously. Total.
Penobscot-Con. Milford.
2
Newport
OldTown
Orono...
2
12
4
Orrington.
Stetson
Veazie......
Dover
1
22241
1
1
6
6
2
2
Foxcroft
1
1
Greenville
1
1
Guilford.
1
1
Piscataquis....
Sagadahoc
Monson.
Orneville..
Sangerville..
Sebec
Wellington..
Williamsburg
Arrowsic
Bath
•
Bowdoin
Phippsburg
Richmond
Topsham
Woolwich.
1
1
2
2
2
•
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
72
73
2
2
1
1
8
8
2
3
1
1
Anson...
4
4
Bloomfield
Cambridge
Canaan
•
Concord.
Embden
Fairfield
4
4
1
1
..
1
1
1
1
2
2
10
10
Harmony
1
1
Somerset......
Madison
Hartland
2
2
1
1
Waldo.
Mercer
Norridgewock.
Pittsfield........
t
Ripley..
Skowhegan
Smithfield...
St. Albans
Belfast
Belmont...
Frankfort
Jackson
Liberty.
Lincolnville
Monroe
Montville.......
Palermo
Searsmont
1
1
2
2
5
5
1
16
10
10
-α-ö-~õ-
1
17
2
1
10
1
10
1
1
3
3
4
4
5
5
··
2
2
2
2
4
4
Searsport
5
5
Unity
Waldo......
1
1
1
1
Winterport.....
1
1
!
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT
25
Counties.
TABLE NO. 8—Concluded.
Towns.
Addison
Alexander
Baileyville
Calais...
..
Cherryfield
Columbia...
Cutler.....
East Machias
Eastport.
Edmunds
Jonesport
·
Washington
Lubeo
Machias
Marion
...
Machiasport
·
Marshfield
Millbridge
No. 10 Pl
Pembroke
Robbinston..
Steuben
Trescott
Wesley...
Acton
York......
Biddeford
Cornish
Eliot..
*
Kennebunk..
Kennebunkport..
Kittery
Lebanon
Lyman
•
North Berwick
Parsonsfield
Saco
Sanford,
South Berwick..
Waterborough.
Wells..
York...
>
(New Hampshire…………..
Massachusetts
Rhode Island.
Residence out
New York...
of the State.
Michigan....
Minnesota.
New Brunswick.
Nova Scotia..
Past Year. Previously.
Total.
3
3
1
1
1
1
49
49
5
5
1
1
1
1
3
3
21
21
2
2
2
1
18
3
2183
1
1
.1
1
3
3
1
3
89
17-22232-2-2
7
1
2
2
2
3
92
3
5
5
7
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
60
62
5
5
4
4
1
1
3
3
1
1
39
1,874
1,913
1
5
6
2
2
1
1
1
1
132
1
3
2
40
1,890
1,930
26
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
}
TABLE NO. 9.
Shows the Nativity of All Committed.
Nativity.
Past Year.
Previously.
Total.
Born in Australia.
Bermuda.
Canada.....………
Cuba..
Jamaica.
Chili...
Englund..
}
LINII
1
1
1
1
2
28
30
1
1
2
2
1
1
10
10
France..
Ireland
Nova Scotia
Scotland...
1
1
52.
52
Virginia.
New Brunswick..
Prince Edward's Island
on the Atlantic.
Foreigners.....
Born in Maine...
New Hampshire..
Vermont..
Massachusetts....
Rhode Island.
Connecticut..
New York
Pennsylvania.
Maryland..
..
North Carolina
South Carolina...
Washington, D. C……….
Georgetown, D. C.
Florida..
Kentucky.
66
66
30
30
•
2
3
4
4
1
1
•
3
200
203
28
1,487
1,515
1
33
34
1
5
6
4
93
97
4
4
6
6
•
1
23
24
•
1
1
3
3
4
4
2
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Michigan
1
Wisconsin.
3
3
Missouri
California..
Nativity not known..
NII
1
2
2
2
15
17
40
1,890
1,930
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
27
Table No. 10.
Shows the Ages of All When Committed.
Ages.
Past Year. Previously.
Total.
Seven years of age.
5
5
Eight
Nine
**
Ten
Eleven
972 CM 1
3
36
39
64
66
1
166
167
6
193
199
Twelve
3
284
287
Thirteen
<<
9
325
334
Fourteen
6
351
357
Fifteen
8
353
361
Sixteen
(<
2
88
90
Seventeen "
19
19
Eighteen
4
4
Nineteen
2
2
40
1890
1930
Table No. 11.
Shows Some Facts Connected With the Moral Condition of the
Boys when Received.
Remarks.
Past Year. Previously.
Total.
Whole number received...
40
1890
1930
Have intemperate parents.
11
608
619
Lost father..
10
608
618
Lost mother
12
464
476
Relatives in prison.
1
232
233
Step parents.
10
326
336
Idle...
14
1275
1289
Much neglected.
9
533
542
Truants
22
720
742
Sabbath breakers.
13
647
660
Untruthful
35
1428
1463
Profane
30
1354
1384
28
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
:
INVENTORY.
MECHANICAL SCHOOL.
MACHINERY.
1 lathe,
1 Skinner portable engine, ten horse
1 jig saw.
power,
1 saw bench,
1 buzz planer,
12 benches,
1 try squares,
Shafting and pulleys for all the ma-
chinery.
TOOLS, STOCK AND FURNISHINGS.
7 steel squares,
13 bevels,
12 hammers,
24 screw-drivers,
12 brace screw-drivers,
14 rules,
13 oilers,
13 oil stones,
12 pairs dividers,
20 gauges,
16 mortising gauges,
13 chalk lines and reels,
14 bench brushes,
7 chalks,
1 expansion bit,
15 carpenter's pencils,
6 spoke shaves,
12 draw knives,
14 shoe knives,
13 countersinks,
14 mallets,
13 sets chisels,
1 set framing chisels,
3 sets gauges,
6 sets bits,
6 augers,
1 hand axe,
6 bead planes,
1 Bailey smoothing plane,
1 12" wrench,
1 putty knife,
2 pair pliers,
1 pair door clamps,
1 brick hammer,
1 steel stamp,
1 heavy hammer,
4 hammer handles,
1 cold chisel,
3 hatchets,
1 pair match planes,
21 brad awls and handles,
25 nail sets,
12 bit braces,
13 jointer planes,
13 jack planes,
13 smoothing planes,
12 block planes,
12 panel saws,
12 back saws,
3 rip saws,
3 hand saws,
1 nest of saws,
1 cross cut saw,
1 adze,
1 iron reamer,
1 pair trammel points,
1 rabbet plane,
1 set letters,
1 set figures,
1 shrink rule,
1 iron plow,
1 screw driver, 12",
1 punch,
1 panel gauge,
1 emery stone,
1 black walnut desk,
13 bread boards,
3 quires sand paper,
8 base ball bats,
8 drawer pulls,
1 lamp filler,
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
2.9
2 pairs callipers, 8″ and 5″,
1 level,
11 6" files,
3 4″ files,
6 7" files,
1 set adjustable grooving collars,
1 grooving saw,
3 turning chisels, "" and 2",
7 iron turning tools,
4 wood turning tools,
14 twist drills,
1 1" gouge,
1 wood countersink,
1 iron countersink,
4 circular saws,
1 saw clamp,
1 saw set,
1 iron vise,
7 hand screws,
2 ladders,
100 lbs. 30d nails,
15 lbs. 9d nails,
5 lbs. 3d nails,
75 lbs. 8d finish nails,
50 lbs. 6d finish nails,
13 lbs. wire brads,
4
pr. 6" T. hinges,
1 lb wire staples,
1 lb. " washers,
3 hooks and eyes,
8 gimlet bits,
4 long bits,
1 pr. tinner's shears,
1 6″ wrench,
6 drop handles,
1 stop knob,
4 pr. butts,
4 pr. knobs,
1 oil stone slip,
3 paint brushes,
1 pr. shelf brackets,
18 table brackets,
4 mortice latches,
1 hank sash cord,
3 yds. blue process paper,
19 sheets emery cloth,
2 lbs. glue,
1 box elastic cement,
1 qt. shellac,
3 qts. alcohol,
1 gal. varnish,
22 gross screws,
1000 ft. whitewood sheathing,
500 ft. spruce sheathing,
1200 ft. pine,
50 ft. " black walnut,
20 ft. black walnut,
250 ft. ash,
1 foot rest,
1 spruce book shelf,
20 ft. oak,
50 ft. spruce,
200 ft. moulding,
16 pedestals,
5 window frames,
210 ft. hard pine 13 in.
60 ft. hard pine 1 in.
1 pointing trowel,
3 dogs, 2″, 1" and 1",
1 drill chuck,
2 large oilers,
1 lock and knob,
grindstone,
2 tons coal,
1 coal hod,
1 shovel,
1 pail,
2 school-room chairs,
12 one-gallon cans,
1 glue pot,
2 two-gallon cans,
1 thermometer,
1 wash basin,
12 lamps,
1 lantern,
1 clock,
71 ft. 3″ belting,
40 ft. 5″ belting,
24 ft. 8" belting,
78 ft. 24" belting,
51 ft. 24" belting,
22 ft. 1½″ belting,
1 sink,
2 steel bars,
30
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
ENGINEER'S DEPARTMENT.
1 heavy iron vise,
1 drilling machine,
5 twist drills,
TOOLS AND MATERIALS.
2 pipe-cutting die stocks,
5 pairs dies, ", q″, 1″, 14″, 4″,
1 hand hammer,
3 pipe-cutters,
1 bolt-cutting die stock,
3 pairs dies and taps, l″, l' §',
3 Stilson pipe wrenches,
2 soldering irons,
1 bit brace and washer cutter,
3 screw drivers,
1 tool box for glass setting,
1 putty knife,
1 diamond,
1 ladder,
1 clock,
2 cold chisels,
1 yard rubber packing,
2 lamps,
40 ft rubber hose,
1 fireman's hose,
2 coal shovels,
1 set bits,
1 bit brace,
1 steel square,
1 try square,
2 cutting off saws,
1 splitting saw,
1 back saw,
1 draw shave,
1 guage,
12 chisels,
1 shop axe,
1 mallet,
1 oil stone,
1 glue rot,
1 long jointing plane,
1 short jointing plane,
1 fore plane,
1 block plane,
1 smoothing plane,
2 8 ft. pokers,
2 small pokers.
1 tube cleaner,
2 coal screens,
2 wheelbarrows,
3 lanterns,
1 oiler,
2 gallon oil cans,
60-ft 14" pipe,
5 14" elbows,
9 14" couplings,
3 14" R. & L. couplings,
4 1" T's,
1 11″ T,
3 14″ R. & L. couplings,
11" check valves.
2 1" quarter turns,
20 1" return bends,
51 1" couplings,
4 1″ R. & L. couplings,
6 1″ quarter turns,
40 ft. 11″ pipe,
90 ft. 1″ pipe,
5 1" elbows,
6 3"elbows,
2 1" Globe valves,
1 11" unions,
3 11″ T's.
2 hand drills,
2 hand screw clamps,
1 pr. large shears,
3 wrenches.
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
31
TEXT-BOOKS AND SCHOOL-ROOM FURNISHINGS.
164 arithmetics,
100 goographies,
1 table,
2 desks,
3 pictures,
183 readers,
14 Barnes' Brief History of the United 1 parlor organ and stool,
States,
2 sets arithmetical forms,
108 spelling blanks,
1 movable black-board,
2 clocks,
1 small globe,
167 spelling books,
169 writing books,
29 writing primers,
138 pen-holders with pens,
175 slates,
4 gross steel pens,
44
12 doz. pen-holders,
127 ink wells,
6 teachers' registers,
1 Bible,
1 testament,
115 lead pencils,
24 gross chalk-crayons, white,
gross chalk-crayons, colored,
1 ream letter paper,
160 desks with 222 chairs,
17 "Rochester" bracket lamps,
16 chairs,
15 erasers,
3 call-bells,
3 thermometers,
15 rules,
4 boxes Gorman slate-pencils,
21 Swinton's New Language Lessons
(old),
11 Bryant and Stratton's Common School
Book-keeping (old),
44 Wentworth's Arithmetical Problems,
500 white envelopes,
24 wax tapers,
1 complete school chart,
3 scripture rolls,
1 set cube root blocks,
1 settee,
1 numeral frame.
113 chair benches,
117 chair knives,
120 chair awls,
119 chair pegs,
19 chair combs,
22 bunches binding cane,
76 bunches cane,
3 wooden chairs,
1 tub,
1 iron tank,
CHAIR SHOPS.
2 long seats,
2 ice picks,
1 nail hammer,
2 thermometers,
9 bench blocks,
1 screw-driver,
1 bit brace,
2 dust pans,
5 brooms,
1 dust brush.
3 desks,
OFFICER'S DINING-ROOMS AND KITCHEN.
1 cook stove and furnishings,
1 Cooley creamery,
6 milk cans for Cooley creamery,
1 barrel churn,
18 milk pails,
10 tin cream pots,
4 tin pans,
40 cups,
61 saucers,
19 soup plates,
3 soup tureens,
28 dinner plates.
32
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
21 tea plates,
10 platters,
2 crumb trays and brushes,
2 chopping trays,
21 pie plates,
36 individual butters,
2 large pitchers,
8 small pitchers,
4 sugar bowls,
2 sauce dishes,
7 vegetable dishes,
5 oval dishes.
3 pickle dishes,
109 mugs,
4 glass pitchers,
1 celery glass,
24 salt cellars,
35 glass sauce dishes,
15 egg glasses,
32 glass tumblers,
40 small oval sauce dishes,
10 goblets,
40 glass fruit jars,
40 bowls,
26 large plated spoons,
8 plated dessert spoons,
9 lamps,
2 hanging lamps,
3 agate tea-pots,
1 patent coffee-pot,
1 tin coffee-pot,
1 tin water-pot,
2 tin cocoa-pots,
18 carpets,
73 chairs,
14 rocking chairs,
4 sofas,
1 bed lounge,
11 pictures,
7 japanned waiters,
10 iron spoons,
21 dining chairs,
7 table clothes,
60 napkins,
12 roller towels,
12 dish towels,
1 chopping knife,
1 kneading pan,
2 carving knives and forks,
2 steels,
12 table mats,
1 coffee box,
1 tea box,
2 sugar firkins,
2 fruit dishes,
2 oilcloth carpets,
1 looking-glass,
2 call-bells,
1 clock,
1 dinner pail,
26 plated knives,
55 plated teaspoons,
106 tin teaspoons,
36 plated forks,
17 white-handled silver knives,
3 plated castors,
5 plated butter knives,
2 plated ladles,
1 dinner set, 162 pieces,
12 fruit plates,
10 oat meal saucers.
OFFICERS' APARTMENTS.
40 pillows,
90 pillow-cases,
17 blankets,
19 comfortables,
2 bolsters,
52 sheets,
12 spreads,
3 desks,
11 tables,
13 bureaus,
2 cases of drawers,
9 mirrors,
5 clocks,
16 stands,
3 book case9,
15 lamps,
1 whatnot,
14 bedsteads,
4 spring beds,
21 mattresses,
8 straw beds,
12 sinks,
8 bowls, pitchers and slop jars,
8 towel racks,
8 roller towels,
48 hand towels,
1 mail bag.
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
33
1 clock,
BOYS' DINING ROOM AND KITCHEN.
13 dining tables,
11 bracket lamps,
2 table brushes,
2 dust brushes,
26 bread plates,
4 work tables,
1 bench,
1 flour tub,
1 bread tub,
2 dish tubs,
1 swill can,
6 pails,
4 milk cans,
1 wash basin,
14 bread pans,
5 bean pans,
1 iron skimmer,
2 bread knives,
3 rolling pins,
2 mixing spoons,
2 cake cutters,
2 tin strainers,
1 chopping knife,
6 scrubbing brushes,
1 dust pan,
2 ladles,
127 bowls,
127 soup plates,
127 knives,
127 forks,
127 spoons,
127 small oval sauce dishes,
2 tin dippers,
1 rolling board,
4 bread baskets,
4 small knives,
I knife box,
1 fork box,
1 spoon box,
4 bowl boxes,
2 handle mops,
4 brooms,
3 chairs.
1 case drawers,
5 tubs,
12 scrubbing boards,
2 clothes-lines,
230 clothes-pins,
4 clothes-baskets,
3 pails,
1 broom,
LAUNDRY.
2 handle mops,
4 clothes-horses,
1 stove,
1 wringer,
/16 flat-irons,
1 dipper,
1 starch dish,
1 coal hod.
136 bedsteads,
158 bed sacks,
4 cotton mattresses,
109 double blankets,
60 single blankets,
Co
3
BOYS' BEDDING.
146 quilts,
138 pillows,
A
268 pillow cases,
402 sheets,
140 bed-spreads.
34
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
50 pairs new pants,
3 new jackets,
BOYS' CLOTHING, ETC.
207 pairs three-fourths worn pants,
157 three-fourths worn jackets,
260 old cotton shirts,
31 new cotton shirts,
30 new woolen shirts,
144 pairs new wool stockings,
148 Sunday coats,
144 pairs Sunday pants,
59 Sunday cars,
5 pairs new slippers,
110 pairs old brogans,
114 pairs new brogans,
19 pairs new boots.
15 pairs old boots,
45 leather shoe-strings,
35 new wool hats,
19 new caps,
31 boxes collars,
25 pairs new suspenders,
98 suspender buckles,
24 doz suspender rings and straps,
8 pairs overalls,
5 shoe brushes,
4 daubers,
1 stocking-bag holder,
13 pairs new Sunday shoes,
64 pairs old Sunday shoes,
126 pairs old Sunday shoes in boys' boxes,
123 new straw hats,
400 yards tweed,
74 yards kersey,
5 yards sateen,
20 yards drilling,
40 yards wiggan,
30 yards coat lining,
21 yards sponging cloth,
8 yards serge,
74 sheets wadding,
18 yards canvas,
60 yards sheeting,
17 dozen buttons.
17 balls tape,
18 spools linen thread,
24 spools cotton thread,
4 skeins woolen yarn,
10 pairs shears,
2 sewing machines,
1 knitting machine,
4 heating irons,
1 Shaker swift,
2 stocking bags,
96 horn combs,
16 blacking trays,
10 boxes blacking.
BOYS HAVE FOR DAILY WEAK-126 BOYS.
126 coats,
126 pants,
252 shirts,
252 pairs stockings,
126 pairs suspenders,
126 pairs brogans,
126 old hats and caps,
1 Bible,
CHAPEL.
20 chairs,
1 pulpit,
30 settees,
1 parlor organ,
1 chandelier,
3 pulpit chairs,
12 lamps,
1 call-bell,
}
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
35
\
BOYS' LIBRARY AND READING-ROOM.
1948 volumes,
48 chairs,
8 buckets,
8 step-ladders,
1 plant stand,
24 pails,
10 mops,
16 scrubbing brushes,
21 lamps,
14 lanterns,
6 brooms,
6 oil cans,
4 shoe chests,
3 clocks,
5 tables,
12 lamps,
MISCELLANEOUS.
10 dust-pans,
6 S. H. shovels,
6 shoe knives,
7 pair shears,
2 sets steel figures,
3 grocer's scales,
2 hammers,
3 screw drivers,
3 bit braces,
15 bits,
1 drill brace,
3 glass graduates.
600 feet of 24-inch linen hose, in lengths of from twenty-five to one hundred feet,
fitted with connections and nozzles.
FLOUR, GROCERIES, FEED, DRY GOODS, COAL, ETC,
158 bbls. flour,
312 tons Cumberland coal,
40 lbs. Rio coffee,
1000 lbs. granulated sugar,
ON HAND.
106 yards print,
55 yards silesia,
118 yards striped cotton shirting,
19 yards bleached cotton, 10 quarters,
30 lbs. California loose Muscatal raisins, 18 yards damask for table-cloths,
400 lbs. hard soap,
18 brooms,
2 doz glass tumblers,
1 doz. soup plates,
3 doz. pie plates,
3 doz. dining plates,
8 doz. tea plates,
4 doz. bowls,
6 doz. plated table spoons,
2 doz. plated silver teaspoons,
15 lamp brackets,
30 hand lamps,
2 tons cotton seed meal,
6 tons bran,
520 bushels corn meal,
450 bushels oats,
430 yards doeskin for boys' suits,
60 yards blue gassimere for boys' Sunday
suits,
33 yards cheese cloth,
517 yards 45 in, brown cotton,
20 lbs. wadding,
5 doz. linen thread,
24 doz. cotton thread,
30 cotton handkerchiefs,
65 linen handkerchiefs,
17 sheets for dormitory,
46 pillow slips for dormitory,
15 towels for boys' bath-room,
8 dish towels,
17 roller towels,
24 hand towels,
58 pillow slips for officers' beds,
17 sheets for officers' beds,
5 gross gilt buttons for boys' Sunday
suits,
1 doz. vest buttons,
2 doz. coat buttons,
16 gross suspender buttons,
16 gross shirt buttons,
6 doz. woolen mittens,
1 doz. boys undershirts and drawers,
36
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
FARM MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.
2 manure spreaders,
1 sulky plow,
3 steel plows,
1 large cast-iron plow,
1 small
2 horse hoes,
1 disk harrow,
1 Thomas smoothing harrow,
1 Acme pulverizer,
1 spring-tooth harrow,
1 square harrow,
4 one-horse cultivators,
1 two-wheel Paris green sprinkler,
1 wheel hoe,
10 garden rakes,
8 potato diggers,
16 hand hoes,
3 scuffie hoes,
2 garden forks,
1 hand cart,
1 wheel barrow,
1 seed sower,
225 hay caps,
MISCELLANEOUS
1 scythe holder,
1 bush scythe,
3 bush hooks,
1 feed cutter,
1 root cutter,
1 hand winnowing mill,
27 feeding pails,
1 tin pail,
42 tie chains,
8 curry combs,
4 cattle brushes,
3 iron bars,
2 grindstones,
4 axes,
4 wood saws,
2 hand saws,
1 panel saw,
1 rip saw,
1 back saw,
1 jointer plane,
1 jack plane,
1 smoothirg plane,
2 bit stocks,
10 bita.
1 broadcast sower,
20 shovels,
1 garden spade,
10 manure forks,
27 hand weeders,
3 pickaxes,
I mowing machine (new),
1 mowing machine (old),
2 horse rakes,
20 hand rakes,
1 hay tedder,
1 lawn mower,
40 hay forks,
10 scythe snaths,
5 drag rakes,
5 monkey wrenches,
2 hay knives,
12 grass scythes,
4 corn cutters,
1 stone boat,
3 portable swine racks.
FARM EQUIPMENTS.
4 bushel baskets,
7 half bushel baskets,
1 set of measures,
18 berry crates with baskets,
20 quart berry boxes,
1 Fairbanks platform scales,
1 Windsor scales,
2 ice tongs,
1 ice axe,
4 grain fails,
1 post auger,
6 wooden pails,
1 lawn rake,
4 ice picks,
2 small gimlets,
3 files (assorted.)
1 iron vise,
1 sledge hammer,
3 nail hammers,
1 blacksmith's bellows,
1 blacksmith's anvil,
3 coal shovels,
12 scythe stones,
1 seed tub.
I
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
37
TEAM FURNISHINGS.
1 set double harnesses (pole)
1 set double harnesses (lead)
1 set double harnesses (pole,) except
bridles,
1 set double harnesses (lead,) except
bridles,
1 set coach harnesses, except collars
and bridles,
6 single harnesses,
1 heavy coal wagon,
1 four-horse wagon with hay rack and
wood body,
1 two-horse wagon with hay-rack and
platform body with sides,
1 heavy dump cart for horses,
1 ox cart,
1 one-horse farm wagon with body and
hay rack,
1 one-horse pung,
I two-horse pung,
1 two-horse wagon sled,
1 one-horse wagon sled,
3 spreaders,
2 sets horse yokes,
8 while trees,
1 carriage jack,
2 carriage wrenches,
2 team wagon wrenches,
6 large chains,
1 omnibus,
1 express wagon,
1 covered depot wagon,
1 Concord wagon,
1 "jump seat,"
1 beach wagon,
1 single sleigh,
1 double sleigh,
10 feed boxes,
2 oilers,
1 four-horse whip,
2 llama robes,
2 plush robes,
4 lap robes,
10 horse blankets,
3 hitch weights,
4 horse brushes,
8 surcingles,
7 head halters,
2 horse combs.
4 team horses,
2 carriage horses,
1 horse for jobbing,
28 milch cows,
5 heifers two years old,
3 heifer calves,
INVENTORY OF STOCK.
1 bull,
7 fat hogs,
6 breeding sows,
2 boars,
9 shoats,
10 pigs,
38
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
:
PRODUCTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND STOCK.
170………. tons of hay, at $13.00.
$2,210 00
26....
120...
straw, at $10.00.....
fodder corn, at $2 00
260 00
240 00
504 bushels oats, at 38 cents.......
...
176 40
61....
rye, 90 cents.
54 90
428..
potatoes, at 60 cents
256 80
10....
barley, 60 cents....
6 00
675..
beets for stock, at 20 cents..
135 00
50....
45....
140....
onions, at 90 cents......
45 00
:
50....
**
18...
40
30...
50...
yellow eye beans, at $2.00...
beets for table use, at 50 cents.
carrots, at 50 cents.
90 00
70 00
25.00
parsnips, at 60 cents.
cucumbers, at 75 cents.
•
tomatoes, at 50 cents...
10 80
30 00
15 00
22 00
165 06
table....
35 00
20.00
green peas, at 80 cents
Sweet corn for canning..
1....ton squash………
225....bushels apples, at 50 cents..
275 boxes strawberries.... .
10………. tons cabbage, at $8.00
2
Rhubarb, radishes and lettuce for table.
.bushels pears.
•
200....quarts currants and gooseberries.
gallons milk, at 15 cents....
pounds butter, at 25 cents..
12,059.
3,408.
1,029....
1,346....
#4
beef, at 7 cents.
pork, at 6 cents.
Pigs sold.
Calves sold
•
112 50
27 50
80 00
22.00
4.00
20 00
1,808 85
852 00
72 03
80 76
148 50
16 00
$7,053 40
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
39
The farm crops were satisfactory in quantity and in quality.
Thirty acres have been cultivated. The average yield of hay
was two tons to the acre. The potatoes are of good quality
with few rotten ones among them. Sweet corn has proved
one of our most profitable crops, the receipts for corn sold
for canning having more than paid for the cost of growing
and harvesting, leaving for additional profit the fodder, which
is an important factor in providing feed in the autumn for
our large herd of cows. Vegetables and small fruits from
the gardens have in their season been furnished for our tables
in amply supply.
Planting, caring for, and harvesting the crops of the farm
furnishes healthful employment for many of the boys. They
like the work and particularly enjoy the comparative freedom
from restraint that can be granted them while working in the
fields.
By purchase of the Coleman farm twenty acres of excel-
lent land have been added to our fields. More than half this
farm is suitable for early gardening. The finest potatoes we
raised were grown on its soil.
Many repairs and improvements have been made about the
school and farm buildings. The boys' dining-room, that from
lack of funds we were unable to complete last year, has been
finished and the stairway leading from it to the school-room
has been re-built. The large hall leading from the school-
room to the play yards has been sheathed overhead and
painted; the ceiling of the clothing room has been sheathed
and closets for storing clothing and boots and shoes have been
made. Good ventilation for the large chair shop has been
obtained by sheathing around the side of the furnace chimney,
that projects from the house wall into which it is built, leav-
ing a wide space between the chimney and the sheathing to
form a ventilating shaft leading from the first floor to a large
ventilator on the roof. Heat from the chimney causes a
strong upward draft, by which foul air is rapidly carried away
from the rooms connected with it. The shaft is lined with
40
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
:
asbestos paper to guard against the possibility of taking fire
from the chimney.
The long platform at the south entrance of the barn has
been re-built with new timbers and a portion of the barn
floor relaid. The hay barn near the eastern end of the farm
has also received important repairs.
Mr. Arthur Merrill continues the able instructor of the
mechanical school, maintaining a lively interest among the
boys of his classes, some of whom become skillful in the use
of carpenter's tools and are able to do work of superior qual-
ity that would be creditable to a skilled mechanic. They do
most of the carpenter work of the repairs and improvements
about the buildings, only when there is more work than they
can perform, do we employ help from outside the school.
We are very grateful to the publishers for sending to us
free of all charges the following weekly and daily papers:
The Christian Mirror, Daily Eastern Argus, Portland
Transcript, Portland Globe, American Sentinel, Machias
Union, Pittsfield Advertiser, Eastport Sentinel, Aroostook
Pioneer, Zion's Advocate, Rockland Opinion, Oxford Demo-
crat, Kennebec Journal, Bangor Weekly Courier, Calais
Advertiser, Maine State Press, Somerset Reporter, Brunswick
Telegraph, Lewiston Weekly Journal, Boothbay Register,
Machias Republican, Phillips Phonograph, Waterville Mail,
Dexter Gazette, Bethel Flag, Messenger of Peace, Temper-
ance Record, Howard Times, The Summary, Lyman School
Enterprise, Traveller's Record.
The reading which these papers affords brings the boys
into closer connection with the outside world and helps to
prepare them to enter intelligently upon their duties as
citizens when they leave the school.
The income from the Sanford fund has been expended in
buying books for our library. Through the thoughtful liber-
ality of Mr. Sanford, who gave this fund excellent facilities
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPort.
41
I
работа
for entertainment and instruction are placed within reach of
all our boys, and our library is steadily increasing.
Religious services are held every Sabbath in our chapel.
These services are conducted without remuneration by cler-
gymen and laymen who gladly embrace the opportunities
offered them to tell the story of God's love and mercy, and
win from their wanderings these for whom the Saviour died.
Those who have conducted these services were Rev. A. T.
Dunn, Rev. E. C. Cummings, Rev. D. B. Randall, Rev. S. F.
Pearson, Rev. F. Southworth, Rev. S. K. Perkins, Rev.
L. H. Hallock, Rev. H. Blanchard, Rev. J. R. Crosser, Rev.
F. T. Bayley of Portland, Rev. W. L. Jones, Cloverdale,
Cal., Rev. Elijah Kellogg, Harpswell; Messrs. H. H. Bur-
gess, Geo. H. Lord, V. R. Foss, C. A. Woodbury, W. H.
Pennell, Fred Winslow, Z. R. Farrington, Geo. H. French,
Henry F. Merrill, Seward Frank, W. T. Pancoast, A. B.
Merrill, A. B. Watson, H. W. Shaylor, T. E. McDonald of
Portland, and Evi Sharpless, Mary G. H. Chappell of the
Society of Friends.
The character of the religious services held at the school
is shown by the following statement. Religious services at
the State school are regulated by the following By-Law,
adopted by the Board of Trustees Oct. 31, 1885, and approved
by the Governor and Council Nov. 5, 1885.
"BY-LAWS STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
CHAPTER V.
RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION.
SECT. 1. Divine service shall be held in the chapel every Sunday when
practicable. The superintendent may arrange with the clergy in the
vicinity, and may fix the hour of beginning and closing the service.
SECT. 2. Sabbath school shall be held on Sunday by the teachers,
under the direction of the superintendent.
SECT. 3. The boys shall all be taught the general precepts of the
Christian religion, the power and goodness of God, the truths of the
Bible, and lessons of morality and virtue; but no sectarian teaching shall
ever be allowed.
SECT. 4. Clergymen of any denomination, willing to observe the rule
of non-sectarian teaching, shall be allowed to address the boys at suita-
ble times, which will be fixed by the superintendent.”
42
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
The State Reform School is, in every sense of the word, a non-
sectarian institution.
All the inmates have entire freedom of conscience and freedom
from all religious restraint.
No sacrament of any particular church or creed is used or allowed
in the institution.
Services of a purely non-sectarian character are held in the chapel
on Sunday, as part of the discipline of the school. These services
are conducted by clergymen or laymen of different denominations.
Sunday school is conducted every Sunday by the teachers of the
institution under the direction of the superintendent. The Inter-
national Sunday School Lesson Quarterlies are used, and the teach-
ers draw lessons of practical morality and virtue from the Bible
text.
Clergyman of all denominations can hold services according to
the rule of non-sectarianism and address the inmates upon giving
notice to the superintendent.
We invite and earnestly request clergymen of all the different
denominations to hold such services at the School.
Parents and friends can furnish the inmates of the School with
books of prayers used in and by their faith, and the children can
read them at their leisure.
Any inmate dangerously sick, or dying, can send for any priest or
clergyman he may desire, and have all the offices of his church for
such sick person, and every facility will be afforded to such clergy-
men.
Private devotions and the outward forms required by any church
for individual prayers, are allowed all inmates.
No effort is made or allowed to interfere with or bias the minds of
the inmates on religious matters.
The question of the religion or sect is never asked those com-
mitted to the School, nor are they asked the religion of their parents.
For six consecutive years we have been able to report,
"there have been no deaths in the school." Since our last
report, however, three deaths have occurred.
Joseph Osborne died March 29 of menengitis, after a sick-
ness of two weeks. He was, so far as known, without
relatives.
Charles Stanley died April 11 of pneumonia, after an ill-
ness of one week. Like Osborne he was without relatives.
SUPERINTENDENT'S Report.
43
Alvah Barbarick died after a short illness of diabetes.
His parents and brothers visited him during his illness and
were present at the funeral services.
The funeral services of these boys were conducted by
clergymen residing in Portland, and were attended by all the
members and officers of the school. A delegation of their
companions accompanied their remains to their last resting
place in Forest City Cemetery, where neat head stones mark
their graves.
The Coleman farm furnishes a fine location for the cottage
in the process of erection for the family school. We hope
before many months to realize some of the advantages the
introduction of the "Family Plan" promises to our work.
A kindly regard for each other and a spirit of devotion to
their work prevails among the officers of the school, they and
being deeply interested in the welfare of their charge and they
labor faithfully for their reform. We thankfully acknowledge
God's mercy in caring for us all the year and look upward for
His guiding and sustaining love as we go forward to the
duties that await us.
J. R. FARRINGTON,
Superintendent State Reform School.
CAPE ELIZABETH, Dec. 1, 1889.
TEACHERS' REPORT.
To the Trustees of the State Reform School:
GENTLEMEN :-The following is the report of the schools
of this Institution for the year ending November 30, 1889:
The number of boys under instruction at the commencement
of the year was.
There have been received during the year.
133
46
Whole number under instruction..
. 179
There have been discharged during the year..
54
Present number under instruction....
125
The scholarship of the boys received during the year is
shown by the following tables:
Who could not read....
7
Who could read in first reader
second “
8
10
third
fourth
fifth
ARITHMETIC.
Who knew nothing of arithmetic..
Who could write numbers, and count.
Who had studied mental arithmetic...
Who had ciphered through simple rules.
66
fractions......
8
10
3
46
9
2
22
9
4
46
TEACHERS' REPORT.
45
Who could not write
WRITING.
write name only.
letters
The boys in school are classified as follows:
Who read in the fifth reader.
fourth ""
third
second "
first
ARITHMETIC.
Who have finished Common School Arithmetic...
cipher in percentage.
66
CC
denominate numbers..
decimal fractions..
66 common fractions.
division..
multiplication
substraction..
addition ..
GEOGRAPHY.
Who study Harper's Introductory Geography
School
HISTORY.
Who study Barnes' History of the United States .....
14
10
22
46
22
38
24
29
11
124
1
5
8
17
30
21
13
9
20
124
44
48
92
9
46
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
WRITING.
Who can write letters
66
easy words ....
. 107
17
124
E. P. WENTWORTH,
MARY N. McCLURE,
D. P. LORD,
Teachers.
D. F. WENTWORTH,
PHYSICIAN'S REPORT.
To the Trustees of the State Reform School:
GENTLEMEN-It becomes my duty as physician to the
school to report the condition of health of the boys for the
past year. There have been more cases of sickness than for
a number of years, and I am sorry to report three deaths.
The greatest amount of sickness was in February and March,
when a large number of the inmates were afflicted with colds,
pneumonia developing in some fifteen of these.
The rapid
succession with which these cases of pneumonia followed one
another gave rise to the opinion that they were induced by
contagion, the infectious element being occasionally present
in this disease, and served to emphasize the great need of
more room for hospital purposes. There is space in the room
now used as a hospital for only three beds and consequently
the larger number of those who were sick had to occupy the
dormitory. The consequences that might and probably would
result should a case of scarlet fever or diphtheria or any other
actively contagious disease arise would be extremely disastrous.
The deaths were as follows: Joseph Osborne died March
29th of tubercular meningitis, having been sick a little more
than two weeks. Charles Stanley was sick with pneumonia
six days and died April 10th. Alvah Barberick died from
diabetes June 14th. He was known to be sick but a few days
before his death but had undoubtedly been afflicted by the
disease a long time.
The only serious accident during the year happened to
Frederick Wilson, who in some way got his left hand caught
(46a)
466
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
in a buzz planer in the mechanical school. The injury was
so great as to render amputation of three fingers necessary.
The sanitary condition of the building taken as a whole is
good, although it might be improved in some particulars I
am confident. The Superintendent, Matron and Assistant
Superintendent have as heretofore been very faithful in at-
tending to the wants of the sick and it gives me great pleas-
ure to testify to their untiring zeal.
CHARLES E. WEBSTER, M. D.
PORTLAND, November 30th, 1889.
Report of the Council Committee on Reform School.
To His Excellency the Governor and the Honorable Council
of Maine:
Agreeable to the statutes, the visiting committee of the
Reform School has made its monthly visits to that institution
and in accordance with Chapter 241 of the Public Laws of
1889, I present the annual report of the committee.
Making my first visit in January with the legislative com-
mittee, I heartily joined in the expressions of surprise and
pleasure at finding the school so pleasantly located, such
beautiful buildings, so fine a farm and so many evidences of
successful management. Your committee has endeavored to
fulfill the requirements of the statutes by making its examina-
tions as thorough and exhaustive as possible, and yet I think
we have always left the school with the feeling that watchful-
ness on our part was almost uncalled for. I believe it is
customary to speak words of commendation for the officers
of an institution visited, provided that they can be honestly
said; and not from custom, but from a sense of duty and
pleasure do I speak of the able management of the school.
Such executive ability, such thoroughness of methods and
such completeness in details must be the result of a love for
the work, a unity of purpose and an earnest desire for the
highest welfare of the school and its inmates. And this
applies not only to the trustees and superintendent but to all
the subordinate officers of the school. If the voters and tax
payers of Maine would visit their Reform School they would
be gladly received and convinced that a grand work is being
done there and that its affairs are being economically admin-
48
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
istered; and I believe that the niggardly appropriations so
grudgingly doled out by our biennial legislature would be
doubled in amount and freely given. I hear it said by peo-
ple entirely unacquainted with the school that it "only makes
graduates for prisons." In reply I admit that occasionally a
boy goes almost direct from the school to the prison, but
where one goes to prison, three go out to make honest,
respectable, and law abiding citizens; and when we consider
from what class of people these boys are taken and that
seventy-five out of every hundred do become good citizens,
I submit that the results are not only wonderful but startling,
showing as they do what can be done by correct methods
properly carried out. I am aware that the accuracy of my
statement will be doubted, but the doubter must remember
the old adage "a lie circles the earth while truth is putting
on its boots,” and where the telegraph chronicles the sending
of one graduate from the Reform School to prison, it never
mentions the many others who go out to become a part of
the high standard of citizenship of which Maine boasts. I
believe that it is ignorance of the work, scope and beneficial
results of the Reform School that makes so many doubters,
and with only a desire to make friends for the institution I
may be pardoned if I endeavor to throw some light upon the
every day life of the boys and try and give some idea of how
they are cared for. In a brief manner I submit the daily life
at the school for the winter months. Boys rise at 5.50 A.
M. After dressing they go to the wash room, then to the
yard for recess, and then to the school-room where they have
morning prayers. Then twenty-five minutes for breakfast,
followed by ten minutes recess, after which they go to their
several work shops and the forenoon is passed at work except
the time allowed for two more recesses before dinner. Din-
ner at 11.55 A. M., followed by recess in yard till 12.50;
work in shop till 1.40, recess till 2.00, and school divided
by another recess of twenty minutes till 5.15, followed by
another recess with preparation for supper at 5.25. After
supper ten minutes in yard and then school till 7.30; fifteen
REPORT OF THE COUNCIL COMMITTEE.
49
minutes in yard or school-room followed by evening prayers,
and boys retire at 8.00. Saturdays a slight change is made
by giving the boys more time in yard and less of school and
work. Sundays after breakfast boys are in yard till time to
prepare for chapel which includes a change to Sunday suits.
Services in chapel at 10.30; dinner and recess as usual;
Sunday school and reading books from library from 12.50 to
3.00. After supper boys are in school-room and recess till
evening prayers and retire at regular hour, 8 o'clock. To
accommodate the clergymen of the different denominations
who are called upon to conduct the chapel exercises the
Sabbath school is changed from afternoon to forenoon as
convenient. Sunday is made a day of rest for the boys, but
it cannot be so considered by the officers and teachers whose
cares are increased rather than diminished. This daily
routine is varied as the different seasons of the year demand,
but great care is taken that hours of labor and school shall be
so divided and alternated that none of the duties shall become
irksome or result in physical injury.
The principal and only industry that pays a direct revenue
is cane seating chairs. It is a light, pleasant task compared
to the more laborious and dirty work of the farm and stables,
and yet the boys prefer the out of door work because of the
greater freedom. The mechanical shop in which they have
an engine and boiler, band saw, lathe and other machinery,
besides a complete outfit of bench tools for each of the six or
eight benches, is a place that the boys are very desirous of
being assigned to. The clothing is all made, even to the
knitting of the stockings on a machine, by the boys under the
guidance of a suitable lady instructor. The laundry, house
cleaning, ordinary repairs of buildings and all possible kinds
of work are done by the boys; and happy are those boys
who are allowed to wait upon the officers' tables and look
after the lawns and flower gardens. The greater the diver-
sity of labor the more satisfactory and beneficial the results
to the boys, and every new industry that can be made profita-
4
50
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
ble should be added. I use the word profitable in its highest
sense, not meaning merely the dollars and cents saved or
earned, but rather that which shall be profitable not only to
the treasury of the institution but also to the moral and
physical welfare of the boys. As the prices received for
bottoming chairs have been cut down nearly one-half within
the last year, something equally satisfactory but more lucra-
tive is desirable. Believing that an idle brain is the devil's
workshop" the intention is to keep the minds and bodies of
the boys constantly employed, teaching them habits of indus-
try and the formation of noble characters. The hours of
study are so arranged that they shall least interfere with the
proper working hours, but are in no sense subordinate to
them. Truancy being only second to larceny in the list of
crimes for which they have been committed, especial pains is
taken in the school-rooms, and the recitations which would
almost shame some of our common schools of similar grades,
speak volumes for the faithfulness and methods of the teachers
whose duties are from Monday morning to Sunday night.
Penmanship is one of the regular studies and the wonderful
improvement of the boys in this branch is more noticable
because of the importance given to the study, and this leads
me to speak of the letter box, which is one of the wisest of
the many safeguards that is thrown about the boys. A locked
box is so situated that the boys can drop letters into it un-
observed. The keys of the box are only in the hands of the
visiting committee and it is never opened except by them at
regular visits. The boys are encouraged to make use of the box,
to inform the committee how they are getting along, to make
any real complaints and ask for favors. All letters are care-
fully read, contents kept secret, complaints investigated with-
out giving the author's name, and favors granted if possible,
and it is a matter of surprise that so few complaints are
made. The boys frequently ask through the letter box to be
called up and allowed a private hearing, which is always
granted. The committee endeavor to impress upon the
boys' minds that they are their friends with a desire to help
REPORT OF THE COUNCIL COMMITTEE.
51
them, and that they cannot expect any great assistance unless
they try to help themselves. The confidence thus gained has
resulted in the greatest good done by the committee.
The food is excellent, well cooked and sufficiently varied.
Cows enough are kept to allow plenty of milk, which is
greatly relished. Every boy has two suits, one for working
days and the other for the Sabbath. They are obliged to
keep both suits properly repaired and as clean as their work
will allow. Punishments are regulated by the statute. A
record of them is kept in a book open for the inspection of
trustees and committee. If corporal punishment is admin-
istered, the record shows the number of blows and with
what inflicted. Close confinement is limited to seven days,
and they cannot receive any less or different food than the
other boys. The hours of recreation are mostly spent in
two large play-grounds. The weather permitting, they are
allowed such pastimes as are not too boisterous or rough.
The dormitories contain an iron bedstead with a good clean
soft bed for every boy in the school. An officer is on guard
all night; in fact, there is no moment, waking or sleeping,
but what they are under the watchful care of an officer.
The hospital is a cool, quiet room opening from the dormi-
tory, but rarely used. The hospital record is the strongest
proof of the excellent care that is exercised over the boys,
and I doubt if a single home in the State of Maine can show
a proportionate record of freedom from sickness. The sys-
tem of grading is based on good conduct. Every boy enters
the school as a second-class boy. They can break the rules
and go down to the third class, or they can obey and rise
from second to first class; from that to honor; and any boy
can earn his right to go out in two years' time, and will be
allowed to do so as soon as a suitable home can be found for
him.
Having given a brief glimpse of life at Reform School I
wish to speak of one great reason why the Reform School
should not be handicapped by too small appropriations. A
52
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
visit to the Insane Hospital or State Prison impresses the
visitor with a sense of the hopelessness there is for the future
of their inmates, for as a rule they cannot look forward to
any great improvement in their present condition. In their
case the State needs only to see that they are properly cared
for and securely confined, but at the Reform School as the
visitor stands in the chapel or school-room and looks into the
faces of the one hundred and thirty-five boys before him he
can see possibilities that through the mercy of God and the
humanity of man may blossom into such probabilities as shall
ensure a glorious harvest. The School, like the Hospital
and Prison needs money for the proper care and for securely
confining of its inmates; but it needs it also for so many
other purposes that it would be impossible to speak of them
in detail. The caring for and securing of the boys is but
part of the duty of the State, and when we remember that a
large percentage of the boys come from dens of iniquity
where they learned wickedness from their mother's knee, and
that so many of them never knew a father's care but rather
his curse, how important it becomes that the State should not
fail in doing its whole duty and through its officials assume
not only the position of warden but as far as possible that of
a true parent.
The cottage system is a step in the right direction and the
work already so auspiciously begun must not be a weak un-
certain step, but a long stride, and it can only be made so by
larger appropriations and freely given. On the summit of
the hill just back of the present building is located a plain,
substantial brick building which when finished would seem to
be as perfect a building for convenience, comfort and adapta-
bility as could be built for the money expended, and if equal
judgment, energy and carefulness is shown for its inmates
when completed as has been shown in its erection, we may
look for grand results from our cottage experiment. Follow-
ing so many illustrious predecessors who have so carefully
endeavored not to leave any duty undone, I hesitate to make
REPORT OF THE COUNCIL COMMITTEE.
53
many recommendations, and yet I make bold to suggest to
the State, increase your appropriations, the cause and the
work of the school deserves it. To the trustees and super-
intendent; increase the pay of the teachers, they deserve it
for the seven days a week they have to work; increase the
size of the play-grounds; increase the variety of industries
as far as practicable, especially increase the amount of out of
door work; try the raising of small fruits and market gar-
dening; decrease danger from fire by having more hose and
always connected when possible with water pipes. To the
different church organizations of the State I recommend the
creation of church committees who shall aid the officials of
the school in their several towns to find suitable homes for
the boys who shall have earned their discharge or are allowed
to leave at the expiration of their sentences. I wish to ren-
der thanks to all for courtesies extended, especially to my
associates on the committee.
Respectfully submitted for the committee.
D. W. ALLEN, Chairman.
APPENDIX.
A. Revised Statutes, relating to the State
Reform School.
B. Revised Statutes, relating to Truancy.
C. Public Laws of Maine, 1887, relating to
compensation of Trustees, truancy, etc.
D. Judicial Decisions.
E. Special Information.
F. Forms of Commitment.
G. Forms of Release.
A.
REVISED STATUTES-1883.
TITLE XII, CHAPTER 142.
THE STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
SECTION 1. Appointment, term of office, powers, duties and pay
of trustees.
SECT. 2. Who may be sentenced to the state reform school.
SECT. 3. Same subject; expenses of commitment and subsist-
ence, how paid.
SECT. 4. Residence, if known, shall be set out in the mittimus.
Notice.
SECT. 5. Superintendent may recover expenses from the town;
remedy of town.
SECT. 6. How boys shall be instructed and disciplined.
SECT. 7. Proceedings, when trustees or superintendent do not
receive a boy or when he is incorrigible.
SECT. 8. Costs of transportation shall be paid by the county.
SECT. 9. Terms of commitment, and effect of discharge.
SECT. 10. Trustees may bind out boys on probation. When
such boys may be returned to the school, to serve out alternative
sentence.
SECT. 11. Superintendent shall prepare a list of boys suitable
to apprentice.
SECT. 12. In what branches boys shall be instructed. Trustees
shall make rules and specify punishments, subject to the approval
of governor and council.
SECT. 13. Powers and duties of the superintendent. Bond.
His books and accounts.
SECT. 14. All contracts shall be made by the superintendent,
and be approved by the trustees. Suits thereon.
58
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
SECT. 15 Visits and examinations by the trustees; quarterly
and annual reports.
SECT. 16. Governor shall draw warrants for appropriations.
Treasurer of State shall pay forty-two dollars annually for the
library.
SECT. 17. Inmates shall be classed.
forbidden. Exceptions, how regulated.
hibited.
Solitary confinement is
Denial of food is pro-
SECT. 18. Governor shall appoint a visiting committee. Their
duties and powers.
Government
vested in board
--their term of
556.
Amended. See
c. 51.
-powers and
duties
SECTION 1. The government of the state reform
of five trustees. school, established for the instruction, employment, and
reform of juvenile offenders, in the town of Cape Eliza-
beth, in the county of Cumberland, is vested in a board
of five trustees appointed by the governor, with the
advice and consent of council, and commissioned to
office. 72 Me. hold their offices during the pleasure of the governor
and council, but not longer than four years under one
-compensation. appointment. They shall be allowed actual expenses
Laws of 1887, and two dollars a day for their services when employed.
They shall have charge of the general interests of the
institution, and see that its affairs are conducted as re-
quired by the legislature, and such by-laws as the board
may adopt; see that proper discipline is maintained
therein; provide employment for the inmates, and bind
them out, discharge or remand them, as hereinafter pro-
vided; appoint a superintendent, subject to the approval,
and during the pleasure of the governor and council, and
appoint such other officers as in their judgment the wants
of the institution require; prescribe the duties of all its
officers; exercise a vigilant supervision over its con-
cerns, remove its subordinate officers at pleasure, and
appoint others in their stead; determine the compensa-
tion of the subordinate officers, subject to the approval
of the governor and council, and prepare and submit by-
laws to the governor and council, which shall be valid
-they may con- when sanctioned by them. They may contract with the
attorney general attorney general of the United States for the confine-
-appointment
of superinten-
dent and other
officers.
tract with the
of the U. S. for
the support of ment and support in the reform school of juvenile of-
juvenile
offenders.
fenders against the laws of the United States in
accordance with sections five thousand five hundred
APPENDIX.
59
and forty-nine, and five thousand five hundred and fifty
of the Revised Statutes of the United States.
of certain
sentenced to the
school, and to
ishment. 47
SEC. 2. When a boy between the age of eight and Boys convicted
sixteen years is convicted before any court or trial jus- offences may be
tice, of an offence punishable by imprisonment in the State reform
stato prison, not for life, or in the county jail except alternative pun-
for the offences specified in the next section, such court Me., 484.
or justice may sentence him to the state reform school,
or to the other punishment provided by law for the same
offence. If to the reform school, the sentence shall be
conditioned that if such boy is not received or kept there sentence.
for the full term of his sentence, unless sooner discharged
by the trustees as provided in section seven, he shall
then suffer such alternative punishment as the court or
justice orders; but no boy shall be committed to the
reform school who is deaf and dumb, non compos, or dumb, non com-
insane.
When a boy between the ages of eight and
-alternative
-deaf and
pos or insane
shall not be sent.
Boys convicted
of certain
offences may be
State reform
suffer other pun-
sentenced to the
school or to
Me., 379.
truancy; 47
Me., 129. See
Me., 481; 65
R. S. c. 11,
§
21 3; Pub.
Laws, 1887,
SEC. 3.
sixteen years, is convicted of larceny of property not
exceeding one dollar in value, of assault and battery,
malicious mischief, malicious trespass, desecration of
the Lord's Day, riotous conduct, disturbance of the ishment. 73
peace, embezzlement, cheating by false pretenses, va-
grancy, or truancy; of being a common runaway, drunk-
ard, or pilferer; or of a violation of any municipal or
police regulations of a city or town, punishable in the
jail or house of correction; the court or justice may sen-
tence him to the reform school, or to the other punishment
provided for the same offence, in the manner prescribed
in section two; and the expenses of conveying such boy,
convicted of any such offence, to the reform school, and
his subsistence and clothing during his imprisonment subsistence, how
there, not exceeding one dollar a week, shall be defrayed
by the town where such boy resides at the time of his
commitment, if within the state, otherwise such expense
shall be paid by the State.
c. 22.
-expenses of
commitment and
to be paid.
be certified in
Me., 585.
SEC. 4. The court or trial justice before whom a Residence shall
boy is convicted of an offence specified in the preceding the mittimus, 50
section, shall certify in the mittimus the city or town in
which such boy resides at the time of his commitment,
if known, which shall be sufficient evidence in the first
instance, to charge such city or town with his expense
60
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
--superinten-
dent shall notify
at the reform school, not exceeding one dollar a week.
The superintendent, upon the commitment of such boy
shall notify in writing by mail or otherwise, the aldermen
the town liable. of any city, or the selectmen of any town so liable, of
the name of the boy committed, the offence with which
he is charged, and the duration of his sentence. Such
written notice shall be sufficient when made, superscribed
and directed to said aldermen, or selectmen, the postage
prepaid, and deposited in the post office in Portland.
-notice when
sufficient.
Superintendent
may, in behalf of
expenses from
such town. 57
Me., 346.
SEC. 5. At any time after three months from the
State, recover giving of such notice, the superintendent may, in his
own name, in behalf of the State, recover of such city
or town the expenses of clothing and subsistence of
such boy, not exceeding one dollar a week, to the time
of commencing a suit therefor; and such city or town
may recover the money paid by them, of the parent,
master or guardian of such boy, or of the city or town
in which he has a legal settlement.
-such town
may recover
from parent.
How boys shall
be kept, in-
structed, etc., or
SEC. 6. Every boy, so convicted and sent to said
school, shall there be kept, disciplined, instructed,
remanded, dis- employed and governed, under the direction of the board
charged or oth-
erwise released. of trustees, until the term of his sentence expires, or
he is discharged as reformed, bound out by said trus-
tees according to their by-laws, or remanded to prison
under the sentence of the court as incorrigible, upon
information of the trustees, as hereinafter provided.
SEC. 7.
Proceedings
when a boy is
not received, or
when he is re.
manded,
When a boy is sentenced to said school, and
the trustees deem it inexpedient to receive him, or he is
found incorrigible, or his continuance in the school is
deemed injurious to its management and discipline, they
shall certify the same upon the mittimus by which he is
held, and the mittimus and convict shall be delivered to
any proper officer, who shall forthwith commit said boy
to the jail, house of correction, or state prison, accord-
-Trustees may ing to his alternative sentence. The trustees may dis-
when reformed. charge any boy as reformed; and may authorize the
superintendent, under such rules as they prescribe, to
refuse to receive boys sentenced to said school, and his
certificate thereof shall be as effectual as their own.
discharge a boy
-they may
authorize the
superintendent
to refuse to re-
ceive boys.
Cost of trans-
porting boys,
how paid.
SEC. 8. The costs of transporting a boy to or from
the reform school, shall, when not otherwise provided for,
be paid out of the treasury of the county where he is
APPENDIX.
61
mitment and
sentenced, as the costs of conveying prisoners to the
jails are paid; and the county commissioners of the
county shall examine and allow all such reasonable costs.
SEC. 9. All commitments of boys shall be during Term of com-
their minority, unless sooner discharged by order of the effect of dis-
trustees as before provided; and when a boy is dis-
charged therefrom at the expiration of his term, or as
reformed, it shall be a full and complete release from all
penalties and disabilities created by his sentence.
charge.
be released on
SEC 10. The trustees may commit, on probation and How boys may
on such terms as they deem expedient, to any suitable probation.
inhabitant of the state, any boy in their charge, for a
term within the period of his sentence, such probation to
be conditioned on his good behavior and obedience to the
laws of the State. Such boy shall, during the term for
which he was originally sentenced to the reform school,
be also subject to the care and control of the trustees,
and on their being satisfied at any time, that the welfare -when they
of the boy will be promoted by his return to the school, to the school.
they may order his return, and may enforce such order
by application to any trial justice or judge of a police
or municipal court for a warrant for such purpose, which
may be served by any officer authorized to serve criminal
process. On his recommitment to the school, such boy
shall there be held and detained under the original mit-
timus.
may be returned
shall prepare
apprentice
SEC. 11. The superintendent, with advice of the Superintendent
trustees, shall, as often as once in six months, prepare list of boys to
a list of all boys under his charge who are suitable by age
and good behavior to apprentice to farming, mechanical
trade or other useful occupation, and shall furnish such
list for publication in such papers of the state as will list to be
insert the same free of charge.
published.
establish and
-in what
branches boys
SEC. 12. The trustees, under direction of the gov- Trustees shall
ernor and council, shall establish and maintain a me- maintain a me
chanical school, and cause the boys under their charge to chanical school.
be instructed in mechanical trades and in the branches
of useful knowledge, adapted to their age and capacity; shall be in-
also in agriculture and horticulture, according to their structed.
age, strength, disposition and capacity; and otherwise,
as will best secure their reformation, amendment and
future benefit. In binding out the inmates, the trustees
62
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
-trustees shall
make rules and
specify punish-
ments.
shall have scrupulous regard to the character of those to
whom they are bound. The trustees shall establish rules
for direction of the officers, agents and servants of the
school, and for the government, instruction and dis-
cipline of the inmates; they shall specify the punish-
ments that may be inflicted upon boys in the school, and
any officer, agent or servant, who inflicts punishment
-rules shall be not so authorized shall be discharged. Such rules shall
be approved by the governor and council, and shall not
be altered without their consent.
approved by the
Governor and
Council.
Powers and du-
ties of the super.
intendent.
ishment.
trustees.
SEC. 13. The superintendent, with such other officers
as the trustees appoint, shall have the charge and custody
of the inmates; be a constant resident at the institution;
and discipline, govern, instruct, employ, and use his best
endeavors to reform the inmates, so as to preserve their
health, and secure, so far as possible, moral and indus-
trious habits, and regular improvement in their studies,
trades, and various employments. He shall see that no
punishment is inflicted in violation of the rules of the
trustees, and shall immediately enter in a book kept for
record of pun- the purpose, a particular record of all corporal punish-
ment inflicted, stating the offence, the punishment, and by
whom administered; which record shall be open to public
inspection, and be laid before the trustees at their quar-
-certificate of terly meetings, a majority of whom shall then certify
upon said book whether or not such punishments are
approved by them. He shall have charge of the lands,
buildings, furniture, and every species of property, per-
taining to the institution, within the precincts thereof.
Before he enters upon the duties of his office, he shall
give a bond to the State, with sureties satisfactory to the
governor and council, in a sum not less than two thou-
sand dollars, conditioned faithfully to account for all
moneys received by him and to perform all the duties in-
cumbent on him as superintendent; keep, in suitable
books, regular and complete accounts of all his receipts
and disbursements, and of all property intrusted to him,
showing the income and expenses of the institution; and
-accounts shall account, in such manner, and to such persons as the
trustees direct, for all moneys received by him from the
proceeds of the farm or otherwise. His books, and all
documents relating to the school, shall at all times be
---charge of
lands, buildings,
and other
property.
-bond.
-accounts.
be examined by
trustees semi-
annually.
APPENDIX.
63
actions for in-
brought by the
juries may be
superintendent.
open to the inspection of the trustees, who shall, at least
once in every six months, carefully examine the books
and accounts, and the vouchers and documents connected
therewith, and make a record of the result thereof. He
shall keep a register containing the name and age of
each boy, and the circumstances connected with his early
life and add such facts as come to his knowledge relat-
ing to his subsequent history, while at the institution,
and after he left it. Actions for injuries done to the real
and personal property of the State, connected with the
reform school, may be brought in the name of the super-
intendent for the time being.
SEC. 14. All contracts on account of the institution, Contracts, how
shall be made by the superintendent, and when approved
by the trustees, if their by-laws require it, are binding in
law, and the superintendent, or his successor, may sue
or be sued thereon, to final judgment and execution.
He may, with the consent of the trustees, submit any suits may be
controversy, demand or suit, to the determination of one
or more referees. No such suit abates by a vacancy in
the office of superintendent during its pendency; but
his successor may take upon himself its prosecution or
defence, and, on motion of the adverse party and notice,
shall be required to do so.
made.
submitted to
referees.
--suits thereon.
trustees.
kept.
-annual report.
SEC. 15. One or more of the trustees shall visit the Visits of the
school at least once in every four weeks, examine the
register and the inmates in the school-room and work-
shop, and regularly keep a record of these visits in the record to be
books of the superintendent. Once in every three
months, the school, in all its departments, shall be quarterly
thoroughly examined by a majority of the board of visit.
trustees, and a report shall be made, showing the results
thereof. Annually, on the first day of December, an
abstract of such quarterly reports shall be prepared and
laid before the governor and council for the information
of the legislature, with a full report of the superin-
tendent, stating particularly among other things, the
offence for which each pupil was sentenced, and his
place of residence. A financial statement furnishing —financial
an accurate detailed account of the receipts and
ditures for the year terminating on the last day of
November preceding, shall also be furnished.
expen-
statement.
64
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
Appropriations,
how paid.
-Sanford
legacy.
Classification of
inmates.
--solitary con-
finement.
-food.
Visiting com-
mittee.
and duties.
SEC. 16. The governor and council may, from time
to time, as they think proper, draw warrants on the
treasurer of state in favor of the trustees, for the money
appropriated by the legislature for the state reform
school; and the treasurer of state shall, annually, in
February, pay to the treasurer of said school forty-two
dollars for support of its library, being six per cent on
the Sanford legacy of seven hundred dollars.
SEC. 17. The inmates shall be separated into classes,
regard being had to their ages, character and conduct,
and the offences for which they have been committed.
The boys of each class shall, so far as practicable, take
daily out-door exercise, aud be employed in some out-
door labor. Each shall be provided with his own cloth-
ing and be taught to care for it. Solitary confinement
is not allowed except for grave offences specified in the
rules of the trustees; and the apartment where it is in-
flicted, shall be suitably warmed, lighted and provided
with a bed and proper appliances for cleanliness. All
the boys shall receive the same quality of food and in
quantities to satisfy their appetites. They shall not be
punished by a denial or short allowance of food.
SEC. 18. A committee of the council, cousisting of
three, with whom shall be associated one woman, shall
be appointed by the governor annually, to visit the school
from time to time, and examine into the treatment of its
-their powers inmates, their condition and progress. They shall main-
tain therein, a letter box, to which the inmates shall at
all times have free access, without the knowledge or
scrutiny of the officers. They shall hear complaints of
ill treatment, and make such suggestions to the superin-
tendent and trustees as they think proper, and severally
make a yearly report to the governor and council
concerning the condition and wants of the school.
B.
REVISED STATUTES.
Chapter 11.
SECT. 21. Towns may make such by-laws, not repugnant
to law, concerning habitual truants, and children between six
and seventeen years of age not attending school, without any
regular and lawful occupation, and growing up in ignorance, as
are most conducive to their welfare and the good order of society;
and may annex a suitable penalty, not exceeding twenty dollars,
for any breach thereof; but such by-laws must be first approved by
a judge of the supreme judicial court.
SECT. 22. Such towns shall, at their annual meeting, appoint
one or more persons, who alone shall make complaints for violations
of said by-laws, and shall execute the judgments of the magistrate.
SECT. 23. Said magistrate, in place of fine, may order children
proved to be growing up in truancy, and without the benefit of the
education provided for them by law, to be placed for such periods
as he thinks expedient, in the institution of instruction, house of
reformation, or other suitable situation provided for the purpose
under section twenty-one.
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C.
PUBLIC LAWS OF MAINE-1887.
Chapter 51.
An Act regulating the compensation of the Trustees of the State
Reform School.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in
Legislature assembled, as follows:
SECT. 1. The trustees of the State Reform School shall be
allowed two dollars a day for their services when employed, and
the same sum for every twenty miles travel.
SECT. 2. This act shall take effect when approved.
[Approved March 1, 1887.]
Chapter 22.
An Act to compel children under fifteen years of age to attend the
public schools.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in
Legislature assembled, as follows:
SECT. 1. Every person having under his control a child, between
the ages of eight and fifteen years, shall annually cause such child
to attend, for at least sixteen weeks, some public school, which time
shall be divided, so far as the arrangement of school terms will
allow, into two terms, each of eight consecutive weeks, and for every
neglect of such duty, the person offending shall forfeit a sum not
exceeding twenty-five dollars, to the treasurer of the city or town,
for the use of the public schools in such city or town; but if such
child has been otherwise furnished for a like period of time, with
the means of education equal to that taught in the common schools
of the State, or if his physical or mental condition is such as to pre-
vent attendance at school or application to study, such penalty shall
not be incurred.
APPENDIX.
67
SECT. 2. Children living remote from any public school in the
town in which they reside, may be allowed to attend the public
schools in an adjoining town, under such regulations and on such
terms as the school committees of said towns agree upon and pre-
scribe, and the school committee of the town in which such children
reside shall pay the sum agreed upon, out of the appropriations of
money raised in said town for school purposes.
SECT. 3. Cities and towns shall annually elect one or more per-
sons, to be designated truant officers, who shall inquire into all
cases of neglect of the duty prescribed in section one, and ascer-
tain the reasons therefor, and such truant officers, or any one of
them, shall, when so directed by the school committee or supervisor
in writing, prosecute in the name of the city or town any person
liable to the penalty provided in said section.
SECT. 4. Every city or town neglecting to elect truant officers,
and truant officers neglecting to prosecute when directed, as required
by law, shall forfeit not less than ten nor more than fifty dollars, to
the use of the public schools in the city or town neglecting as afore-
said, or to the use of the public schools in the city or town where
such truant officer resides.
SECT. 5. The municipal officers shall fix the compensation of
truant officers, elected as prescribed in section three.
SECT. 6. Every boy between the ages of ten and fifteen years,
who refuses to attend school as required in section one, and who may
be found wandering about the streets or public places of any city or
town during the school hours of the school day, while the school of
which he is legally a scholar, is in session, on complaint of the tru-
ant officer as provided in section three, shall be committed to the
State Reform School; provided, however, that it shall be the duty
of every truant officer previous to making complaint under this sec-
tion, to notify the truant or absentee from school, also the person
having him under control, of the offense committed and the penalty
therefor, and if the truant officer can obtain satisfactory pledges that
the child will conform to section one of this act, he shall forbear to
prosecute so long as such pledges are faithfully kept.
SECT. 7. Police or municipal courts and trial justices shall have
jurisdiction of the offenses described in sections one, three, four and
six.
SECT. 8. Sections twenty-four to twenty-seven inclusive of chap-
ter eleven of the revised statutes are hereby repealed.
[Approved February 15, 1887.]
D.
JUDICIAL DECISIONS.
Actions.
If the process by which a boy is committed to the State Reform
School is void, the town from which he was committed cannot
recover sums paid for his support at that school from the town of
his legal settlement.-Lewiston vs. Fairfield. 47 Me., 481.
The expenses of subsistence, etc., of a boy sent to the State
Reform School shall be defrayed by the town where he resides, if
in the State; otherwise by the town in which he commits the offence.
Scamman vs. Wells. 50 Me., 584.
The town of his residence at the time of his commitment, if
within the State, is thus made liable, and not the town in which he
commits the offence.-Ib.
If, after having committed an offence and before being committed
to the State Reform School, a boy should change his residence, it is
the city or town where the boy resides when committed to that school
and not the city or town in which he may have resided when he
committed the offence, that is thus made liable for his support.—Ib. ·
An action shall accrue to such city or town to recover the money
so paid, against the parent, master or guardian of such boy, or
against the city or town in which he may have a legal settlement.
Jay vs. Gray. 57 Me., 345.
The statute makes it the duty of the magistrate to certify in his
mittimus the town in which the boy resides, if known, which certifi-
cate shall be sufficient evidence in the first instance to charge the
town. But the omission of the justice to certify the fact will not
defeat the right to recover, for the statute makes that right absolute,
while the making of the certificate is conditional; and the fact of
residence may be proved aliunde.-Scammon vs. Wells. 50 Me.,
584.
Complaints and Warrants.
By-laws of a town, upon which a complaint is founded, must be
mentioned therein, or it cannot be sustained.-Lewiston vs. Fair-
field. 47 Me., 481. O'Malia vs. Wentworth. 65 Me., 129.
APPENDIX.
69
Complaints made to the municipal court of the city of Portland
need not contain a recital of the city by-laws on which they are
founded, since the act establishing that court expressly declares
that in prosecutions on the by-laws thereof, such by-laws need not
be recited in the complaint. Act of 1856, c. 204, § 4.—O’Malia
vs. Wentworth. 65 Me., 129.
The allegation, in a complaint, that a person is an "idle, ungov-
ernable boy, and a habitual truant," describes no offense under any
statute of this State.*-Lewiston vs. Fairfield. 47 Me., 481.
The warrant for the arrest of a truant may be served by a truant
officer.-O'Malia vs. Wentworth. 65 Me., 129.
Jurisdiction.
The municipal court of the city of Portland has jurisdiction of
the offence of truancy.—O’Malia vs. Wentworth. 65 Me., 129.
Sentence and Mittimus.
Magistrates have no authority to sentence a boy to the State
Reform School, for breach of the by-laws of a town, for a term
exceeding the term authorized by those by-laws.-Lewiston vs.
Fairfield. 47 Me., 481.
No boy can be sentenced to the State Reform School for a term
extending beyond his minority. Foxton vs. Kucking. 55 Me.,
346. Revised Statutes, c. 142, § 9.
The sentence for truancy may be to the State Reform School ;
and the alternative sentence required by the statute may be to the
house of correction. O'Malia vs. Wentworth. 65 Me., 129.
In the case of a boy actually received at the State Reform School
and still detained there, it is not important to inquire whether the
alternative sentence is or is not legal.-Ib.
Execution of the sentence may be delayed for such reasonable
time as the court thinks proper, as such delay will only shorten the
term of imprisonment, all sentences to the State Reform School
being during minority.-Ib.
A municipal or police court or trial justice cannot sentence a boy
to the State Reform School for any offence of which the court or
justice has not final jurisdiction.
*See Public Laws of 1887, c. 22; also R. S., c. 11, § 21-23.
70
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
May 19, 1869, Patrick Wilkenson of Lisbon, a minor of the age
of fourteen years, was arrested for breaking and entering and
larceny, was convicted upon his own confession, and sentenced by
a trial justice to the State Reform School during minority. The
boy was committed to the school, remained there five months, and
was then released on a writ of habeas corpus. Subsequently he
brought a suit, through his next friend, against E. W. Woodbury,
Superintendent of the State Reform School, for trespass, alleging
that the trial justice exceeded his jurisdiction in sentencing him to
the Reform School, and that he was there detained five months
against his will and without legal or probable cause.
Judge BARROWs, in his charge to the jury, said:
If the detention was against his [the plaintiff's] will, it is the
duty of the defendent to show the authority of law, or authority of
some one who had the right to dispose of the plaintiff's person.* * *
I have to say to you that in the view which I take of the law, the
mittimus which is presented here as one of the grounds of detention
of this lad at the Reform School, signed by Mr. Cotton as trial
justice, and setting out the conviction of the plaintiff of breaking
and entering in the night-time the store, and taking and carrying
away goods, etc., is not a legal justification of the detention, and
that the defendant, although he was the superintendent of the
Reform School there, could not upon a process of that sort, issued
from a trial justice who had no jurisdiction finally to dispose of a
charge of that description, legally detain anybody who should be
committed; so that, so far as the defence depends upon the legal
process, it fails.
NOTE. (The above case, Wilkenson vs. Woodbury, was not
passed upon by the law court.
Habeas Corpus.
An application for a writ of habeas corpus, to obtain the release
of one imprisoned on criminal process, is addressed to the sound
discretion of the court; and the writ will not be granted unless the
real and substantial merits of the case demand it. In examining
to see whether the imprisonment is or is not illegal, the court cannot
look at the complaint and warrant; it can only examine the precept
by which he is detained. If, on inspection thereof, the prisoner
t
71
APPENDIX.
the
appears to be lawfully imprisoned or restrained of his liberty,
writ must be denied. Revised Statutes, c. 99, § 8. The writ will
not be granted for defects in matters of form only; nor can it be
used as a substitute for an appeal, a plea in abatement, a motion to
quash, or a writ of error.-O'Malia vs. Wentworth. 65 Me., 129.
Trustees' Control of Person or Property of Inmates.
The control of the trustees over the person or property of one
under their official charge absolutely ceases upon his reaching his
majority.-Foxton vs. Kucking. 55 Me., 346.
Bank Deposits.
Money deposited in a savings bank and due absolutely to an in-
mate of the Reform School is payable to him or his order on his
reaching the age of twenty-one years without the consent of the
trustees.—Foxton vs. Kucking. 55 Me., 346.
The bank is chargeable as trustee, and will be compelled to pay
the amount charged, when the same is payable according to the
terms of the deposit.-Ib.
•
E.
SPECIAL INFORMATION.
Commitment of Boys.
The proper subjects for commitment to the State Reform School,
are boys between the ages of eight and sixteen years, not deaf and
dumb, non compos, or insane, who have been convicted of one or
more of the offences enumerated below.
The offences for which boys may be sentenced to the State Re-
form School are as follows:
1. Offences against the Statutes of the State punishable by im-
prisonment in the State Prison, not for life, or in the county jail.
2. Such of the offences named in § 3, c. 142 of the Revised
Statutes as are offences against the Statutes of the State.
Lewiston vs. Fairfield, 47 Me., 481.
See
3. Truancy, when in violation of the Public Laws of 1887, c. 22.
For form of mittimus see page 76.
4. Truancy, when in violation of the by-laws of a town author-
ized by § § 21-23, c. 11 of the Revised Statutes, provided said
by-laws are in proper form and have been approved by a Judge of
the Supreme Judicial Court. For form of mittimus see note at the
foot of page 74.
5. Violations of the municipal or police regulations of a city or
town punishable in the jail or house of correction. When a boy is
convicted of a violation of the municipal or police regulations of a
city or town, that fact must be stated and the by-law accurately
recited both in the complaint and mittimus. For form of mittimus
see note at the foot of page 74.
6. Juvenile offenders against the laws of the United States may
also be committed. See Revised Statutes, c. 142, § 1.
It sometimes occurs that boys are tried, convicted and sentenced
to the State Reform School by courts or trial justices not having
jurisdiction of the offences alleged. Such convictions are void, and
the sentences imposed thereon cannot be executed. "No person
shall be punished for an offence until convicted thereof in a court
APPENDIX.
73
having jurisdiction of the person and case." Revised Statutes, c.
135, § 1.
A municipal or police court or trial justice cannot sentence a boy
to the State Reform School for any offence of which the court or
trial justice has not final jurisdiction. See charge of Judge Bar-
rows, page 70.
The jurisdiction of judges of municipal and police courts in crim-
inal matters is defined in the Revised Statutes, c. 132, § § 3-7, and
in the special laws relating to the establishment of particular courts,
and the acts amendatory thereto.
The jurisdiction of trial justices in criminal matters is defined in
the same sections and chapter. In all cases the jurisdiction and
powers of trial justices are derived from statute. The courts hold
that no presumption is to be made in favor of the jurisdiction of a
trial justice, nor can it be enlarged by implication.
No additional jurisdiction is conferred by chapter 142 of the
Revised Statutes.
Every boy committed to the institution must have two sentences,
one to the State Reform School during minority, and an alternative
sentence such as the law provides for the same offence. Revised
Statutes, c. 142 § § 2 and 7.
[For forms of commitment see Appendix, F.]
Release of Boys.
All boys committed to the State Reform School are sentenced
during minority; but the statutes give the trustees full power to,
1. Discharge boys when reformed.
Release boys on probation or leave of absence.
3. Indenture boys to any suitable inhabitant of the State.
4. Remand boys to alternative sentence if found incorrigible.
[For forms of release see Appendix G.]
+
F.
Forms for Commitment of Boys.
SS.
[Mittimus.]
STATE OF MAINE.
To the Sheriff of the county of.
deputies, or either of the constables of...
or either of his
.in said
county: To the Superintendent of the State Reform School situated
in Cape Elizabeth, in the county of Cumberland, and to the keeper
of the jail at..
...in the said county of….
[L. S.]
Whereas
...of..
Greeting.
in the county of...
a minor between the ages of eight and sixteen years, not deaf and
dumb, non compos, or insane, was brought before me
a trial justice in and for the county of...
in said county of.
A. D...
on the
at..
.. day of..
..by virtue of a warrant in due form of law, issued
under the hand and seal of me, the said justice, on the complaint
under oath of....
. of
.in the county of ....
on the...
A. D. 18.. at said.
who therein complains that said.
day of…….
[Here recite the substantive allegations of the complaint.]
against the peace of said State, and contrary to the form of the
Statute in such case made and provided*; upon which complaint the
said....
having been then and there arraigned by me,
the said justice, pleaded thereto that he was not guilty; and,
*If sentenced for the violation of a by-law of a city or town, say, “and also con-
trary to the form of a by-law of the said……..
.of..
which
said by-law is in the words and figures following, to wit." [Here recite the by-law ]
If the by-law is one which requires the approval of a judge of the Supreme Judicial
Court, as in some cases of truancy, instead of the above say, "and also contrary to the
form of a by-law of the said…….
day of...... A D.....
by
..
...of
…….approved the.....
………, one of the justices of the
Supreme Judicial Court of the State of Maine, which said by-law is in the words and
figures following, to wit:" [Here recite the by-law.]
APPENDIX.
75
whereas, after hearing the testimony of divers witnesses in relation
thereto, and fully understanding the defence of the said......
it then and there appeared to me, the said justice, that the said
was guilty, it was then and there considered and
ordered by me, the said justice, that the said. ...
be
sentenced to the State Reform School, situate at Cape Elizabeth, in
the county of Cumberland, there to be kept, disciplined, instructed,
employed and governed, under the direction of the board of trus-
tees of said State Reform School for the term of his minority.
Provided, however, that if the said...
shall not
be received or kept in said State Reform School for the aforesaid
term of his minority, unless sooner discharged by the trustees of
said State Reform School in accordance with the provisions of sec-
tion seven of chapter one-hundred and forty-two of the Revised
Statutes, then the said.
....shall be punished by
.in said county of....
imprisonment in the jail at.
for the term of………..
Therefore, in the name of the State of Maine, you, the said
sheriff, deputies and constables are hereby commanded forthwith to
convey the said....
to said State Reform School and
him there deliver to the Superintendent thereof, together with this
mittimus.
And if the trustees of said State Reform School, or the Superin-
tendent thereof, deems it inexpedient to receive the said......
or if the said.....
...be found incorrigible, or his contin-
uance in said School be deemed injurious to its management and
discipline, and if the said trustees, or the said Superintendent, shall
certify the same upon this mittimus, and the said mittimus, together
with the said..
his deputy of the county of..
stables of the town of.
shall be delivered to the sheriff or
or to either of the con-
..in said county, you, the said
sheriff, deputies and constables to whom the same shall be delivered,
are hereby commanded thereupon to convey and deliver the said
into the custody of the keeper of said jail, in
pursuance of said alternative sentence.
And you, the said keeper of said jail, are hereby commanded, in
the name of the State of Maine, to receive the said..
into your custody in said jail, and him there safely keep until the
expiration of said term, or until he be otherwise discharged by due
course of law. Hereof fail not at your peril.
76
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
Given under my hand and seal at.
of…………..
on the....
.in the county
.day of...
..in the year
of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and.
CERTIFICATE.
Trial Justice.
I, the within named trial justice, hereby certify that so far as I
can ascertain, the within named....
was
•
day of...
years of age on the....
.A. D.
and that he resides, at the time of his commitment, at.
in the county of…….
and State aforesaid.
Trial Justice.
OFFICER'S RETURN.
.SS.
..18 ...
By virtue of the within precept I have this day conveyed the
within named..
to said State Reform School and
delivered him to the Superintendent thereof, together with this
mittimus.
Fees.
Mittimus for Truancy.
For violations of chapter 22 of the Public Laws of 1887, the fol-
lowing form of mittimus may be used.
SS.
STATE OF MAINE.
To the Sheriff of the county of.
•
deputies, or either of the constables of.
or either of his
..in said
county and to the Superintendent of the State Reform School sit-
uated in Cape Elizabeth, in the county of Cumberland.
[L. S.]
Whereas ..
...of..
Greeting.
..in the county of...
a minor between the ages of eight and sixteen years, and said
minor then and there not being deaf and dumb, non compos, or in-
APPENDIX.
77
sane, was brought before me.
county of……….
at
on the...
day of..
a trial justice in and for
in said county of .....
.A. D....
·
by virtue of a
warrant in due form of law, issued under the hand and seal of me,
the said justice, on the complaint under oath of
...being
then and there a duly elected and qualified truant officer of the
town of........ ...in said county, who therein complains that said
at said
..in said county, on the
A. D., 18..was a boy between the
ages of ten and fifteen years, to wit: of the age of………… ..years,
and was then and there a legal scholar of a certain school, to wit:
the school kept and maintained in and for school district No......
in said town and the said
..day of......
...day of
at said
on
said.
.A. D., 18..did refuse to
attend school, and was then and there found wandering about in the
streets and public places of said town of......
...during the
school hours of the school day, to wit: between the hours of......
and... ...of the clock in the
....noon of said day, said
school of....
being then and there in session, against the
peace of said State, and contrary to the form of the Statute in such
case made and provided; upon which complaint the said.....
having been then and there arraigned by me, the said justice,
pleaded thereto that he was not guilty; and, whereas, after hearing
the testimony of divers witnesses in relation thereto, and fully
understanding the defence of the said....
it then and there
was
appeared to me, the said justice, that the said....
guilty, it was then and there considered and ordered by me, the said
justice, that the said
be sentenced to the State
Reform School, situate at Cape Elizabeth, in the county of Cumber-
land, there to be kept, disciplined, instrusted, employed and gov-
erned, under the direction of the board of trustees of said State
Reform School for the term of his minority.
Therefore, in the name of the State of Maine, you, the said
sheriff, deputies and constables are hereby commanded forthwith to
convey the said.....
to said State Reform School and
him there deliver to the Superintendent thereof, together with this
mittimus.
And you, the said Superintendent, are hereby commanded, in
the name of the State of Maine, to receive the said.
into your custody in said State Reform School, and him there safely
78
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
keep until the expiration of said term, or until he be otherwise dis-
charged by due course of law. Hereof fail not at your peril.
Given under my hand and seal at....
of.....
on the....
•
day of..
of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and
.in the county
in the year
Trial Justice.
The Certificate of Residence, and the Officer's Return should be
in accordance with the forms already given.
Blank forms of mittimus for the use of municipal and police
courts and trial justices may be obtained by application to the
Superintendent.
G.
Forms for Release of Boys.
THIS CERTIFIES, that
[Leave of Absence.]
is an inmate of the STATE REFORM SCHOOL, and in conse
quence of ....
he is permitted to leave this school.
upon the following conditions:
1. That he shall not change his employment or residence without
the permission of ..
Trustee, or of the
Superintendent.
2. That he shall avoid all low places of amusement, drinking-
houses, bad company and other evil associations, and shall faith-
fully endeavor to discharge the duties required of him, to live a
correct moral life, to regularly attend church and Sabbath school,
and to obe; all National, State and Municipal laws.
3. That he shall on or before the first day of February, May,
August and November of each year, until finally discharged by the
Trustees, give or send by mail, to...
Trustees, or the Superintendent, this LEAVE OF ABSENCE for renewal,
and also from some responsible person a true account, in writing,
of his health, conduct, employment and condition.
4..
This LEAVE OF ABSENCE shall be renewed every three months,
and may continue in force until....
is finally discharged from the School. While it continues he will
remember that the Officers of the School are interested in his wel-
fare, and in case of sickness, want of employment, or other mis-
fortune, he may apply to them for aid and counsel.
On failing to comply with the above conditions this LEAVE oF
ABSENCE may be revoked and the said ...
be returned to the School.
Superintendent.
80
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
STATE REFORM SCHOOL
RENEWED
RENEWED
...188
.188
..188.
Post Office Address, PORTLAND, ME.
[Indenture.]
THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH, That the undersigned...
Trustees of the State Reform School, in Cape Elizabeth, State of
Maine, by authority of the laws of this State, have put and placed,
and by these presents, do put, place, and bind out...
aged
years, a minor committed to their charge and now
confined in said School, unto.... ....of....
county of
by.....
..in the
....and State aforesaid, as an apprentice, to be
...employed, and
.to serve from the date
hereof, until the....
..day of..... ……….which will be in
the year eighteen hundred and
will have attained the age of
AND the said...
at which time the said.
•
years.
......dɔth hereby promise, covenant and
agree, to and with the said Trustees, to teach the said....
or cause him to be taught, to read, write and cipher, and to require
him to attend school at least.
...months in each year until
he is.
years old, and to give or cause to be given, proper
moral and religious instruction, and to teach him the trade and
occupation of
and that he will furnish him with good
and sufficient clothing, diet, lodging, medical attendance and
other necessaries, both in sickness and in health, and will treat him
with parental kindness and attention, during the term of service
aforesaid; and that at the expiration thereof he will furnish the
with two full suits of clothes, one for Sunday
·
said....
and the other for working days.
AND the said
·
doth further covenant and agree to pay
to the Superintendent of the said State Reform School to hold and
to keep in trust for the said apprentice during his minority, the sum
.dollars to be paid in........semi-annual install-
dollars each, the first installment to be
day of....
and thereafter every
of....
ments of..
paid on the....
six months on the....
day of..
until the last installment shall have been paid.
and....
APPENDIX.
81
AND FURTHER, that he will, on or before the first days of Febru-
ary, May, August and November of each year, give to the Superin-
tendent of said School, in writing, a true account of the conduct,
health and character of the said apprentice; and in case the said
apprentice shall leave his service that he will immediately notify
said Superintendent thereof, and state, to the best of his knowledge
where he shall have gone or may be found; and that he will not
assign or transfer this Indenture, or his interest in the service of
the said apprentice, or let or hire him out, without the consent, in
writing of said Trustees.
AND IT IS FURTHER COVENANTED AND AGREED by and between the
said parties, that in case the said..
....shall
become dissatisfied with the conduct of said apprentice, or from
any cause shall desire to be relieved from this contract he will
report the same to the said Trustees, who may, in their discretion,
cancel this Indenture, and resume the charge and management of
the said apprentice, and in case of cruel treatment, or neglect to
furnish proper medical attendance, or sufficient clothing, food,
lodging or instruction, as herein before stipulated, that this Inden-
ture, and every part thereof, shall, at the option of the said
Trustees, from henceforth become null and void, and the said
apprentice shall be restored to the care and control of the said
Trustees, in like manner as if this Indenture had not been executed;
but such termination of the said service shall not destroy or in any
way effect any claim for redress or damages against the said .....
for any breach of this contract.
AND the said..
...further covenants
and agrees that he will immediately prior to the expiration of the
said term of service, present said………….
to the
Trustees or Superintendent of said School; and if for any sufficient
cause he shall not be able to do so, that he will, within thirty days
thereafter furnish to said Trustees or Superintendent a certificate
from the Selectmen of the Town or Mayor of the city in which he
resides, certifying that he has in all things fulfilled the conditions of
this Indenture on his part to be fulfilled.
AND for neglecting to fulfill any of the above-named conditions,
he, the said.
...further covenants to pay
said trustees the sum of three hundred dollars.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trustees aforesaid, and the said.....
. to this, and one other instrument of the
6
82
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
same tenor and date, have set their hands and seals, this….......
.day of.....
thousand eight hundred and....
Signed, sealed and delivered
in presence of
in the year of our Lord one
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
3 9015 07470 4522