Z
5524
A38
M994
B 397349
1
Committee of Revision and Publica-
tion of the Pharmacopoeia of the
ited States of America: 1890-1900.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION;
A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
PREPARED FROM ORIGINAL LITERATURE
FOR THE COMMITTEE OF REVISION
BY
PAUL I. MURRILL
UNDER THE DIRECTION OF
ALBERT B. PRESCOTT.
PUBLISHED BY THE COMMITTEE OF REVISION
M
ANN ARBOR.
1898.
[THIS PAMPHLET IS NOT FOR SALE.]
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Committee of Revision and Publica-
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82034
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION:
A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
PREPARED FROM ORIGINAL LITERATURE
FOR THE COMMITTEE OF REVISION
BY
Yld
PAUL 1. MURRILL
UNDER THE DIRECTION OF
ALBERT B. PRESCOTT.
PUBLISHED BY THE COMMITTEE OF REVISION,
ANN ARBOR.
1898.
[THIS PAMPHLET IS NOT for sale.]
ANN ARBOR:
THE INLAND PRESS.
1898.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF ALKALOIDAL ESTIMA-
TION.
1877-1897.
The object of this work is to furnish a descriptive index of the
work that has been done on the subject, rather than to abstract or
summarize it.
For convenience, as large a list of references is given for each
article as is practicable, the first referring to the original publication,
and the others to republications or abstracts. In preparing it, the
following publications have been examined up to the end of 1897:
Journal of the Chemical Society, London.
ing:
- Chemisches Centralblatt.
American Journal of Pharmacy.
Proceedings of the American Pharmaceutical Association.
Proceedings of the Michigan State Pharmaceutical Asso-
ciation.
- Jahresbericht der Pharmacie (ending with '95).
Also,
Répertoire de Pharmacie.
Lyon's Manual of Pharmaceutical Assaying (1886).
Dragendorff's Chemische Werth bestimmung einiger stark-
wirkender Droguen, (1874).
Guareschi, Einführung in das studium der Alkaloide,
Kunz-Krause's translation, (1896).
Other periodicals to which references are given are the follow-
American Druggist.
Analyst, (London.)
Annalen der Chemie (Liebig).
Archiv der Pharmazie.
Archives de Médecine et de Pharmacie militaires.
Apotheker-Zeitung.
82024
ii
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft.
Berichte der deutschen pharmaceutischen Gesellschaft.
Bulletin de la Société chimique de Paris.
Chemist and Druggist.
Chemical News.
Chemiker-Zeitung.
Comptes rendues des Séances de l'Academie des Sciences.
Dingler's Polytechnisches Journal.
Dorpat Dissertations.
Druggists' Bulletin.
Druggists' Circular.
Ephemeris (Squibb).
Festschr. 50-jährigen Stiftungsfeier des Schweiz. Apot.
Ver.
Fortschritt (Der), or Le Progrès, (Geneva.)
Gazzetta chimica italiana.
Helfenberger Annalen.
Journal de Pharmacie et de Chimie.
Journal für praktische Chemie.
Journal of the American Chemical Society.
Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry.
Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry.
Zhurnal russkova chimicheskova.
Mitteil. pharm. Inst. Lab. Erlangen.
New Remedies.
Nederl. Tijdschrift voor Pharmacie, etc.
Oesterreichisches Zeitschrift für Pharmacie.
L'Orosi (Florence).
Pharmaceutical Era.
Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions.
Pharmaceutical Record.
Pharmaceutische Centralhalle.
Pharmaceutische Post.
Pharmaceutische Rundschau.
Pharmaceutische Zeitung.
Pharmaceutische Zeitschrift für Russland.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION,
iii
Recueil des Travaux chimiques des Pays-Bas.
Repertorium der analytischen Chemie.
Repertorium der Pharmacie.
Revue internationale scientif. et popul. des falsific des den-
reés, aliment.
Rundschau für die Interessen der Pharmacie, Chemie,
u. S. W.
Schweizerische Wochenscrift für Pharmacie.
Transactions of the Academy of Science at St. Louis.
L'Union pharmaceutique (Paris).
Vierteljschr. Fortschr. Chem. Nahrungsm.
Zeitschrift des österreich. Apot. Ver.
Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie.
Zeitschrift für physiologische chemie.
Zeitschrift für Hygiene.
Year Book of Pharmacy. London.
Abbreviations used are those of Bolton's " Bibliography of
Chemistry," as far as possible. Others are believed to be self-ex-
planatory.
References have been verified as far as practicable, and fully
wherever any doubt has arisen in regard to possible errors.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
PART I.-CHRONOLOGICAL INDEX.
1861: WAGNER.
iodide.
Method of separation, using iodo-potassium
Dingler's Polyt. J. 161, 40; Ztschr. anal. Chem. 1, 102;
Lyons' Manual, p. 33.
1864: GROVES, T. B. Methods of separation and purification of
alkaloids.
Pharm. J. Trans. (2), 6, 275; Lyons' Manual, p. 33.
1872: (1) ZINOFFSKY. Estimation of alkaloids with Mayer's
volumetric reagent.
Dissert. Dorpat. 1872; Chem. Werthbest, p. 8.
1872: (2) CARLES. Estimation of quinine.
Bull. Soc. chim. 18, 98; Guareschi, Einf. Stud. Alk. 1896,
p. 521.
1874: (1) ZINOFFSKY. Volumetric estimation coniine with phos-
phomolybdic acid.
Chem. Werthbest, p. 44; Guareshi. Einf. Stud. Alk., p.
283.
1874: (2) Dragendorff.
metric.
Estimation of strychnine, gravi-
Chem. Werthbest. p. 61; Lyons' Manual, p. 112.
1876: (1) SOKOLOFF, N. Estimation of conijne, alkalimetric.
Chem. Centrbl. 1876, 604; J. Chem. Soc. 32, 368.
1876: (2) MARKOWNIKOFF, B. W.
Estimation of caffeine in tea.
Ber. d chem. Ges. 9, 1312;
J. Chem. Soc. 31, 110.
Morphine
estimation; comparison of
1876: (3) LYNN, J.
methods.
A. J. Pharm. 48, 358; Chem. Centrbl. 1878, 158; J.
Chem, Soc. 34, 612.
2
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1877: (1)
1877: (2)
BLYTH, A. W. Estimation of caffeine in tea.
Analyst. 2, 39; J. Chem. Soc. 32, 517.
CAZENEUVE AND CAILLOL. Extraction and estimation
of piperine in pepper.
Bull. Soc. Chim. (2) 27, 290; J. Chem. Sec. 32, 516.
Chem. Centrbl. 1877, 343;
1877: (3) MASING, E. Estimation of veratrine and physostig-
mine, with Mayers' reagent.
1877:
Arch. Pharm. (3) 9, 310; J. Chem. Soc. 32, 367.
(4) TESCHEMACHER, E. F. Estimation of morphine in
opium.
Chem. News, 35, 47; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1877, 299; J.
Chem. Soc. 32, 231; Chem. Centrbl. 1877, 299.
1877: (5) PRESCOTT, A. B. Gravimetric estimation of quinin,
by potassium mercuric iodide and by phospho-molybdate.
Am. J. Pharm. 49, 482.
1878: (1)
PRESCOTT AND THUM. Comparison of methods for
separation and estimation of the cinchona alkaloids.
Proc. A. Ph. A. 1878, 828,
1878: (2) HEINTZ, E. Modification of Stas' method for extrac-
tion of alkaloids, using white bole, or quartz sand.
Ztschr anal. Chem. 1878, 166; New Rem. 1878, 200;
Proc. A. Ph. A., 1879, 478.
1878: (3) SCHRAGE, F. Separation of the cinchona alkaloids,
using potassium sulphocyanide.
Arch. Pharm. (3) 13, 25; Chem. Centrbl. 1878, 582.
1878: (4) DRAGENDORFF.
1
cacao.
Extraction of theobromine from
Jsb. d. Pharm. 1878, 493.
1878: (5) DWARS. Estimation of quinine in salts.
Nieuw Tijds. Pharm. 1878, 267; Arch. Pharm. (3) 14,
149 and 329; Chem. Centrbl. 1879, 427 and 428; J.
Chem. Soc. 36, 488 and 492; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1878, 471.
1879: (1) DWARS. Separation of quinine and strychnine.
Arch. Pharm. (3) 15, 463; Chem. Centrbl. 1880, 78.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
3
1879: (2) YVON. Polariscopic estimation of morphine and opium.
J. Pharm. Chim. (4) 29, 332; Chem. Centrbl. 1879, 363.
Jsb. d. Pharm. 1879, 185.
1879: (3) PRUNIER, L. Estimation of cinchona alkaloids.
J. Pharm. Chim. (4) 29, 135; J. Chem. Soc. 36, 489.
1879:
(4) WOLFRAM, G. Estimation of theobromine in cacao and
chocolate.
Dingl. Polyt. J. 230, 240; J. Chem. Soc. 36, 406; Chem.
Centrbl. 1879, 40.
1879: (5) LÖSCH, A. Quantitative estimation of alkaloids in
plants.
Pharm. Ztg., 1879, 89; Apoth.-Ztg., 1898, 15; Pharm.
Ztschr. Russ. 18, 545; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1879, 165.
1879: (6) Löscн, A. Methods of extractions of alkaloids using
saturated alum solution.
1879:
Pharm. Ztg. 1879, No. 87; Am. J. Pharm. 1880, 16; Lyons'
Manual, p. 18; Phar. Ztschr. Russ. 18, 545; Arch.
Pharm. 16, 317; Rep. de Pharm. 1880, 261.
(7) PETIT, A. Rapid estimation of morphine in opium.
J. Pharm. Chim. (4) 29, 159; Chem. Centrbl. 1879, 363;
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 9, 937. Rep. de Pharm. 1879, 100.
1879: (8) FLEURY, G. Estimation of morphine in opium.
J. Pharm. Chim. (4), 29, 341; Chem. Centrbl. 1879, 363.
(9) FLUECKIGER, F. A. Estimation of morphine, gravi-
metric.
1879:
1879: (10)
Pharm. Ztg. 1879, Nos. 57, 59, and 74; Pharm. J. Trans.
(3) 10,254; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1879, 183.
Estimation of quinine in cinchona
bark.
Extraction and titration.
Chem. News 40, 209; J. Chem. Soc. 38, 190.
1879: (11) PRESCOTT, A. B. Modification of the Hager-Jacob-
son method of estimation of morphine in opium.
Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1879, 807; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1879, 186;
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 10, 66, 128, and 182; J. Chem.
Soc. 38, 191 and 193.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1880: (1) PRESCOTT, A. B. Estimation of alkaloids by potassium
mercuric iodide.
Am. Chem. J. 1880, 2, 294; Ber. d. Chem. Ges. 14, 1421;
J. Soc. 42, 646; Chem. News 45, 114 and 123; Proc.
Am. Ph. A. 1882; 399.
1880: (2) THRESH, J. C. Volumetric estimation by means of
bismuth potassium iodide.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 10, 809, and 825; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1880,
156; J. Chem. Soc. 38, 763.
1880: (3) PATRONOUILLARD.
Estimation of caffeine in tea.
Schweiz. Wochens. 1880, No. 15; Chem. Centrbl. 1880,
427; Rep. de Pharm. 1880, 52.
1880: (4) HAGER. Recognition and analytical determination of
cinchona alkaloids.
1880: (5)
1
Pharm. Centralh. 21, 411; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1881-2, 673.
HILBIG, C. Estimation of alkaloids in cinchona bark.
Pharm. Ztschr. Russ. 19, 289 and 481; Chem. Centrbl.
1880, 551 and 713.
1880: (6) DE VRIJ. Estimation of quinine as herapathite.
Am. J. Pharm. 1880, 394; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1881-2, 670; Rep.
de Pharm. 1880, 485.
1880: (7) HESSE, O. The officinal test of quinine.
Ber. d. chem. Ges. 13, 1517; J. Chem. Soc. 40, 63.
1880: (8) KERNER, G. Testing commercial quinine sulphate for
for foreign alkaloids.
Arch. Pharm. (3) 16, 186; J. Chem. Soc. 40, 63.
1880: (9) MYLIUS, E. Opium testing.
Arch. Pharm. (3) 15, 310; J. Chem. Soc. 38, 829.
1880: (10) SCHMITT, E. Assay of opium.
J. des Sci. Med. de Lille,
442.
1880: (11) ROTHER.
Assay of opium.
; Rep. de Pharm. 1880,
Am. J. Pharm. 9, 541; Arch. Pharm. 17, 75; Rep de
Pharm. 1880, 417.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
5
LO
1881: (1) PORTES and LANGLOIS. Rapid estimation of morphine
in opium.
J. Pharm. Chim. (5), 4, (December '81); Rep. de Pharm.
1882, 100; Chem. Centrbl. 1882, 60.
1881: (2) HAGER.
Weighing of alkaloids as picrates.
Pharm Centrbl. 1881, 399; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1881-2, 631;
Am. J. Pharm. 1882, 58, Proc. A. Ph. A. 1882, 399.
1881: (3) SKALWEIT, J. Estimation of nicotine in tobacco, volu-
metric.
Arch. Pharm. 1881, 36; Rep. anal. Chem. 1, 165 and 303;
Chem. Centrbl. 1881, 476 and 772; J. Chem. Soc. 42,
108; Am. J. Pharm. 1882, 60; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1881-2,
130 and 634; Lyons' Manual, p. 132.
1881: (4) PROLLIUS. Estimation of alkaloids in cinchona bark,
gravimetric.
Arch. Pharm. 1881, 85; Am. J. Pharm. 1882, 59; Proc. A.
Ph. A. 1882, 204; J. Chem. Soc. 42, 246; Chem. Centrbl.
1881, 773.
1881: (5) SCHACHT, C. Estimation of alkaloids in wine of
quinine.
Arch. Pharm. (3) 14, 81; J. Chem. Soc. 40, 204.
1881: (6) HESSE, O. Optical estimation of cinchonidine in com-
mercial quinine sulphate.
Ann. d. Chem. 205, 217; J. Chem. Soc. 40, 315.
1881: (7) BLYTH, A. W. Estimation of quinine, volumetric with
Mayer's reagent.
Analyst. 1881, 162; J. Chem. Soc. 40, 1176.
1881: (8) EYKMAN. Assay of cinchona.
:
Arch. Pharm. 1881, 814.
1881 (9) POEHL. Assay of Jaborandi for pilocarpine, gravi-
metric, using sodium phospho-molybdate.
Year Book, 1881, 28 and 141; Lyon's Manual, p. 122.
1881: (10) MYLIUS, E. Estimation of morphine in opium, colori-
metric.
Phar. J. Trans. (3) 12, 6; J. Chem. Soc. 40, 945; Pharm.
Centrbl. 1881, 97 and 105; Chem. Centrbl. 1881, 203;
Jsb. d. Pharm. 1881-2, 256; 1883-4, 339.
6
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1882: (1) SQUIBB, E. R. Modification of Flückiger's process for
1882:
opium essay.
Ephemeris, p. 14; Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 12, 724; J. Chem.
Soc. 42, 666.
(2) DE VRIJ. Modification of Prollius' method for estima-
tion of total alkaloids in barks.
Nieuwe Tijds. Pharm. 1882, Jan.; J. Pharm. Chim. (5) 6,
36; Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 12, 765; J. Chem. Soc. 42,
665.
1882: (3) DE VRIJ, J. E. Determination of quinine as hera-
pathite.
Am. J Pharm. 1882, 58; Rund. Int. Pharm. 1883, 557;
Pharm. Ztschr. Russ. 1883, 613; J. Pharm. Chim. (5)
5, 500; Rep. de Pharm. 1882, 243.
1882: (4) KISSEL. Estimation of alkaloids in cinchona barks.
Pharm. Centrbl. 22, 556; Chem. Centrbl. 1882, 60; J.
Chem. Soc. 42, 899.
1882: (5) Alessandri.
oxalic acid.
Assay of cinchona, extracting with
Phar. J. Trans. (3) 12, 994; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1882, 206; J.
Chem. Soc. 42, 1003.
1882: (6) BIEL, J. Estimation of alkaloids of cinchona by Prol-
lius' method.
Arch. Pharm. (3) 20, 350; J. Chem. Soc. 42, 1139; Pharm.
Ztschr. Russ. 1882: Mar. 28; J. Pharm. Chim. (5) 6,
37; Rep. de Pharm. 1882, 371.
1882: (7) MEYER, H. Estimation of cinchona alkaloids.
Arch. Pharm. (3) 20, 721 and 812; J. Chem. Soc. 44, 388;
Chem. Centrbl. 1883, 200.
1882: (8) SQUIBB. Assays of cinchona, extracting with amyl
alcohol.
Ephem., pp. 76, 105, 146; Chem. and Drug. 1882, 327; Rep.
de Pharm. 1882, 417.
1882: (9) SKALWEIT, J. Estimation of nicotine.
Arch. Pharm. (3) 20, 113; J. Chem. Soc. 42, 1005.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1882: (10) KISSLING, R. Estimation of nicotine in tobacco.
Volumetric.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 21, 75 and 383; J. Chem. Soc. 42,
1005; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1881-2, 132; Lyons' Manual, p.
132; Pharm. Centrbl. 23, 81; Chem. Centrbl. 1882,
252.
1882: (11) KISSLING, R. Estimation of nicotine in tobacco smoke.
Dingl. Polyt. J. 244, 64 and 234; Chem. Centrbl. 1882, 571.
1882: (12) GERRARD, A. W. Estimation of atropine.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 13, 190; Arch. Pharm. 1883, 74;
Apoth. Ztg. 1898, 17.
1882: (13) FAIRTHORNE. Assay of cinchona.
Am. J. Pharm. 1882, 548; Rep. de Pharm. 1882, 545.
1883: (1) HAGER. Method of extraction.
Handb. d. Pharm. Praxis, Supplement, p. 62; Lyon's
Manual, p. 19; Apoth. Ztg. 1898, 15.
1883: (2) KISSLING, R. Estimation of nicotine in tobacco, volu-
metric.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 22, 2 and 199; Arch. Pharm. (3) 21,
525; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1883-4, 169; 1885, 168; Chem. Ztg.
1885, 1336; Chem. Centrbl. 1883, 425.
1883: (3) SHIMOYANA, Y. Estimation of cinchona alkaloids.
Jsb. d. Pharm. 1883-4, 234.
1883: (4) CONROY, M. Assay of nux vomica, tincture.
Pharm. J. Trans. (13) 14, 461.
1883: (5) DUNSTAN and SHORT. Assay of preparations of nux
vomica.
Pharm. J. Trans. 13, 665; 14, 441 and 621: 15, 156; Year
Book, 1883, 233 and 475; 1884, 274; Am. Drug. 1883,
124; Am. J. Pharm. 1883, 268; Lyons' Manual, p. 116.
1883: (6) DUNSTAN and SHORT. Separation of strychnine and
brucine, using ferrocyanide.
Pharm. J. Trans (3) 14, 290; Year Book, 1883, 469; Am.
J. Pharm. 1883, 579; Arch. Pharm. (3) 22, 40; Pharm.
Ztg. 1884, No. 22; Pharm. Rund. 1883, 248; Jsb. d.
Pharm. 1883-4, 768; Proc. A., Ph. A., 1884, 312.
8
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1883: (7) SCHEIBE, E. Separation and estimation of morphine
in chemico-legal investigations.
Pharm. Ztschr. Russl. 1883, 49; Ber. d. chem. Ges. 16,
797: Chem. Centrbl. 1883, 332; Arch. Pharm. (3) 21,
290; Chem. News, 47, 217; J. Chem. Soc. 44, 1036;
and 46, 373.
1884: (1) CONROY, M. Estimation of morphine. Modification
of the method of Portes and Langlois.
Pharm. J. Trans. 15, 473.
1884: (2) BERNHARDT, W. Estimation of morphine in opium.
Pharm. Post. ; Schweiz. Wochens. 22, 95; Chem.
Centrbl. 1884, 479.
1884: (3) VON PERGER. Assay of opium, using baryta water,
gravimetric.
1
J. Prakt. Chem. (2) 29, 97; Ber. d. chem. Ges. 17, 241, R.;
Chem. Centrbl. 1884, 479 and 684; J. Chem. Soc. 46,
1217; Bull. Soc. Chim. 1885, 1, 43; Pharm. J. Trans.
15, 384; Lyons' Manual, p. 119.
1884: (4) SQUIBB. Assay of coca.
Ephemeris, p. 603.
1884: (5) SQUIBB. Assay of tea, coffee, and guarana.
Ephemeris, pp. 606, 614, 616, 637, 641, 644.
1884: (6) LYONS. Three general assay processes.
Drug. Cir. 1884, 114; Lyons' Manual, p. 20.
1884: (7) DUNSTAN and RANSOM. Assay of belladonna.
Pharm. J. Trans. (13) 14, 623; Lyons' Manual, p. 56; Am.
J. Pharm. 1884, 279; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1884, 134.
1884 (8) REDWORD. Assay of belladonna.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3), 14, 623; Pharm. Ztg. 1884, 230;
Apoth. Ztg. 1898, 17.
1885: (1) DUNSTAN and RANSOM. Assay of belladonna.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3), 16, 154 and 237; Pharm. Ztg. 1885,
813; Apoth. Ztg. 1898, 17; J. Chem. Soc. 50, 104;
Lyons' Manual, p. 56; Am. J. Pharm. 1885, 582; Am.
Drug. 1885, 217; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1886, 392.
1885: (2) COBLENTZ. Assay of belladonna.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 16, 89; Arch. Pharm. 1885, 897; Proc.
A Ph A. 1886, 393; Apoth. Ztg. 1898, 17: Am. Drug.
1885, 126.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
9
1885: (3) SQUIBB. Assay of belladonna leaves.
Ephemeris, pp. 848, 854, 859; Lyons' Manual, p. 57.
1885: (4) SQUIBB. Assay of coca.
Ephemeris, pp. 726, 784, 788, 795, 871.
1885: (5) SCHEFFER, E. Estimation of nicotine in tobacco,
volumetric with Mayer's reagent.
Am. J. Pharm. 56, No. 10; Arch. Pharm. (3), 23, 153 and
852; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1885, 372; Pharm. J. Trans. (3)
15, 425; J. Chem. Soc. 48, 604.
1885: (6) DE VRIJ. Estimation of quinine as oxalate.
Arch. Pharm. (3), 23, 209; Pharm. Ztg. 1885, 319; Pharm.
Rund. 1885, 132; Rund. Int. Pharm. 1885, 314; Jsb. d.
Pharm. 1885, 352.
1885: (7) DE VRIJ. Quantitative estimation of cinchonidine in
quinine sulphate.
Am. Drug. 1885, 153; Pharm. Centralb. 1885, 547; Arch-
Pharm. (3) 23, 442; Pharm. Rund. 1885, 97; Rund
Int. Phar. 1885, 756; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1885, 354.
1885: (8) DE VRIJ. Assay of quinine sulphate.
Jour. Pharm. (5) 9, 454; Chem. Centrbl. 1885, 968; J.
Chem Soc. 48, 302; 50, 397.
1885: (9) DE VRIJ.
Assay of cinchona.
Am. J. Pharm. 1885, 623; Chem. and Drug. 1885, 431;
Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1885; 219.
1885: (10) SHIMOYANA, Y. Estimation of cinchona alkaloids.
Herapathite method.
Arch. Pharm. 23, 81, and 209; J. Chem. Soc. 48, 845;
Lyons' Manual, p. 71; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1885, 351; 1886,
302; Chem. Centrbl. 1885, 393.
1885 (11) LLOYD, J. U. Estimation of berberine, gravimetric.
Drug. Circ. 1885, 22; Lyons' Manual, p. 101.
1885 (12) LYONS. Modification of Dragendorff's method for
estimation of emetine, titrating with Mayer's reagent.
Am. J. Pharm. 1885, pp. 531, 540, and 579; Pharm Ztg.
1885, 994; Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1886, 422; Lyons' Manual,
p. 108; Proc. Mich. S. Ph. A. 1885, 185.
10
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1885: (13) LYONS, A. B. Assay of nux vomica.
Proc. Mich. S. Ph. A. 1885, 172; Drug. Circ. 1885, 253;
1886, 137.
1885 (14) SCHWEISSINGER. Separation of strychnine and bru-
cine, or estimation of strychnine in presence of brucine
(double titration).
Arch. Pharm. 1885, 611; Am. Druggist, 1885, 230; Proc.
Am. Ph. A. 1886, 407; Lyons' Manual, 116.
1885 (15) LALIEN. Separation of a morphine salt from a mix-
ture.
J. Pharm. d'Anv. 1885, 6; Arch. Pharm. (3) 23, 512; Chem.
Centrbl. 1885, 389.
1885: (16) WAINWRIGHT, J. H. Estimation of morphine in
opium, gravimetric. U. S. Custom House method.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 7, 48; Ber. 18, 303 R.; Chem. Centrbl.
1885, 412; Pharm. J. Trans. 15, 990; Lyons' Manual,
p. 118.
1885: (17) FLUECKIGER, F. A. Assay of opium, gravimetric.
Arch. Pharm. 1885, 254 and 265; J. Chem. Soc. 48, 1165;
Ber. 18, 651, R.; Chem. Centrbl. 1885, 523; Am. Drug.
1885, 149; Lyons' Mauual, p. 120.
1885: (18) DIETERICH, E. Estimation of morphine in opium.
Arch. Pharm. 24, 1023; Pharm. Centrbl. 27, 529; Jsb. d.
Pharm. 1885, 109; 1886, 70; J. Chem. Soc. 52, 310.
1885: (19) BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA. Assay of cinchona.
Br. Pharm. 1885, p. 111. [See 1898 (4).]
FOR QUININE AND CINCHONIDINE.-Mix 200 grains of red cinchona bark,
in No. 60 powder, with 60 grs. of calcium hydrate; slightly moisten the
powders with half an ounce of water; mix the whole intimately in a
small porcelain dish or mortar; allow the moisture to stand for an hour
or two, when it will present the characters of a moist dark brown pow-
der, in which there should be no lumps or visible white particles. Trans-
fer this powder to a six ounce flask, add three fluid-ounces of benzolated
amyl alcohol, boil them together for about half an hour, decant and
drain off the liquid onto a filter, leaving the powder in the flask; add
more of the benzolated amyl alcohol to the powder, boil and decant as
before, and repeat the operation a third time; then turn the contents of
the flask on to the filter, and wash by percolation with more of the ben-
zolated amyl acohol until the bark is exhausted. If, during the boiling
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
11
a funnel be placed in the mouth of the flask, and another flask of cold
water be placed in the funnel, this will form a convenient condenser
which will prevent the loss of more than a small quantity of the boiling
liquid. Introduce the collected filtrate while still warm into a stoppered
glass separator; add to it 20 minims of diluted hydrochloric acid, mixed
with two fluid drachms of water; shake them well together, and when
the acid liquid has separated it may be drawn off, and the process
repeated with distilled water slightly acidulated with hydrochloric acid,
until the whole of the alkaloids have been removed. The acid liquid
thus obtained will contain the alkaloids as hydrochlorates, with excess
of acid It is to be carefully and exactly neutralized with ammonia while
warm, and then concentrated to the bulk of three fluid drachms. If
now about 15 grs. of tartarated soda (sodium potassium tartrate) be
added to the neutral hydrochlorates, and the mixture stirred with a glass
rod, insoluble tartrates of quinine and cinchonidine will separate com-
pletely in about an hour; and these collected on a filter, washed and
dried, will contain eight-tenths of their weight of the alkaloids quinine
and cinchonidine, which, divided by 2, represents the percentage of those
alkaloids. The other alkaloids will be left in the mother-liquor.
FOR TOTAL ALKALOIDS.—To the mother-liquor from the preceding
process add solution of ammonia in slight excess. Collect, wash, and
dry the precipitate, which will contain the other alkaloids. The weight
of this precipitate, divided by 2, and added to the percentage weight of
the quinin and cinchonidine, gives the percentage of total alkaloids.
1885: (20) BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA. Assay of extract of nux
vomica.
Br. Pharm. 1885, p. 163. [See 1898: (6).]
Dissolve 10 grains of the extract in half a fluid ounce of water, heat-
ing gently if necessary, and add a drachm of sodium carbonate pre-
viously dissolved in half a fluid ounce of water and half a fluid ounce of
chloroform, agitate, warm gently, and separate the chloroform. Add to
this half a fluid ounce of dilute sulphuric acid, with an equal bulk of
water; again agitate, warm and separate the acid liquor from the chloro-
form. To this acid liquor add now an excess of ammonia, and agitate
with half a fluid ounce of chloroform; when the liquors have separated,
transfer the chloroform to a weighed dish, and evaporate the chloroform
over a water bath. Dry residue for an hour, and weigh.
1885 (21) BRITISH PHARMACOPIA. Assay of opium.
Br. Pharm. 1885, p. 296. [See 1898: (7).]
Triturate together in a mortar 140 grains dried powdered opium, 60
grains freshly slaked lime, and 400 grain-measures of distilled water,
2
12
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
until a uniform mixture results; then add 1,000 grain-measures of dis-
tilled water, and stir occasionally during half an hour. Filter the mix-
ture through a plaited filter about 3 in. in diameter into a wide mouthed
bottle or stoppered flask (having the capacity of about 6 fluid ounces,
and marked exactly at 1,040 grain-measures) until the filtrate reaches
this mark. To the filtered liquid (representing 100 grains of opium) add
100 grain-measures of rectified spirit, and 500 grain-measures of ether,
and shake the mixture; then add the chloride of ammonium, shake well
and frequently during half an hour, and set it aside for twelve hours-
Counterbalance two small filters; place one within the other in a small
funnel, and decant the ethereal layer as completely as possible upon the
inner filter. Add 200 grain-measures of ether to the contents of the
bottle and rotate it; again decant the ethereal layer upon the filter, and
afterwards wash the latter with 100 grain-measures of ether slowly added
and in small portions. Now let the filter dry in the air and pour upon it
the liquid in the bottle in portions, in such a way as to transfer the
greater portion of the crystals to the filter. When the liquid has passed
through the filter, wash the bottle and transfer the remaining crystals
to the filter, with several small portions of distilled water, using not
much more than 200 grain-measures in all, and distributing the portions
evenly upon the filter. Allow the filter to drain, and dry it, first by
pressing between sheets of bibulous paper, and afterwards at a tempera-
ture between 131° and 140° F. (55° and 60° C), and finally at 194° to 212° F.
(96° to 100° C.) Weigh the crystals in the inner filter, counter-balancing
by the other filter. The crystals should weigh ten grains (not less than
91 nor more than 101), corresponding to about 10 per cent. of morphine in
the dry powdered opium.
1886: (1) HERETH, F. S. Method of titration with Mayers' re-
agent.
Pharm. Record 1886, p. 209; Am. J. Pharm. 1887,
Lyons' Manual, p. 29; Ztschr. anal. Chem. 26, 647; J.
Chem. Soc. 54, 203.
1886: (2) SCHEIBLER. Method of purification of alkaloids,
using phosphotungstic acid.
Lyons' Manual, p. 33.
1886: (3) LYONS, A. B. Estimation of berberine, colorimetric.
Lyons' Manual, p. 102.
1886: (4) LYONS, A. B. Estimation of hydrastine, gravimetric.
Lyons' Manual, p. 104.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
13
1886: (5) LYONS, A. B. Estimation of physostigmine (eserine)
gravimetric.
Lyons' Manual, p. 122.
1886: (6) LYONS, A. B. Approximate estimation of strychnine,
gravimetric.
Lyons' Manual, p. 113.
1886: (7) LYONS, A. B.
Volumetric estimation of various alka-
loids with Mayers' reagent.
Am. J. Pharm. 1886, 579; 1887, 1; Proc. Mich. S. Ph. A.
1886, 167; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1887, 369; Proc. Am. Ph. A.
1887, 303; Lyons' Manual, p. 23.
1886: (8) LYONS, A. B. Estimation of cocaine with Mayers'
reagent.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 16, 1094; J. Chem Soc. 50, 1087.
1886: (9) LYONS, A. B. Assay of cinchona, modification of
Prollius' method.
Drug. Circ. 1886, 150.
1886: (10) HOOPER, D. Optical method of analysis of quinine
sulphate.
1886: (11)
Pharm. J. Trans. 17, 61; J. Chem. Soc. 50, 1086.
KASPAR. Assay of cinchona.
Schweiz. Wochens.
; Am. J. Pharm. 1886,
492; Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1887, 138.
1886: (12) DE VRIJ.
DE VRIJ. Estimation of quinine as chromate.
Arch. Pharm. (3), 24, 1073; J. Chem. Soc. 52, 404.
1886: (13) SNOW, H. W. Estimation of caffeine, gravimetric.
Am. J. Phar. 1886, 483; Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1886, 107;
Lyons' Manual, p. 97.
1886: (14) BRAITHWAITE and FARR. Estimation of morphine in
opium.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 17, 398; Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1887, 312.
1886: (15) VENTURINI, V. Comparison of methods of estima-
tion of morphine in opium.
Gaz. chim, ital. 16, 239; Ber. de chem. Ges. 19, 882, R.;
J. Chem. Soc. 50, 1086.
14
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1886: (16) JONES, H. W. Estimation of emetine.
Pharm, J. Trans. (3) 17, 277; Pharm. Ztg. 1886, 638; J.
Chem. Soc. 50, 1086.
1886: (17) FLUECKIGER. Assay of ipecac.
Pharm. Ztg. 1886, 30.
1886: (18) WRAMPELMEIER and MEINERT.
As to a true aliquot
part, by volume, of the total liquid in opium assay, and as
to the solvent effect of ammonium chloride in the same
liquid.
Proc. Mich. State Phar. Assoc., 4, 127; Am. Drugg., 15,
203.
1887: (1) PLUGGE, P. C. Alkalimetric estimation of alkaloids.
Arch. Pharm. (3) 25, 45; Pharm. Post. 20, 369; Chem.
Drug. 1887, 388; Fortschrit. 1887, 301; Jsb. d. Pharm.
1887, 369; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 312 and 971; Ber. d.
chem. Ges. 20, 148 R.
#
1887: (2) LILLY. Alkaloidal assay, using Mayers' reagent.
Pharm. Runds, 1887, 181; Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1887, 42.
1887: (3) KREMEL, A. Assay of extractum aconiti.
Pharm. Post. 20, 253; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 733.
1887: (4) SQUIBB. Assay of coca.
Ephemeris, p. 912.
1887: (5) RANSOM, F. Assay of ipecacuanha. Volumetric with
Mayers' reagent.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 18, 241; J. Chem. Soc. 52, 1147.
Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 1410.
1887: (6) SNOW, H. W. Assay of ipecac. Volumetric, with
Mayers' reagent.
Proc. Mich. S. Ph. A. 1887, 93.
1887: (7) VAN ZWALUWENBERG, A. Bibliography of opium
assay, 1817-1887.
Proc. Mich. S. Ph. A., 1887, 140.
1887: (8) STILLWELL. C. M. Opium analysis.
Am. Chem. J. 8, 295; J. Chem. Soc. 52, 403; Chem.
News, 55, 43 and 54; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 311.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
15
1887 (9) BECKURTS, H. Estimation of morphine. Comparison
of methods.
Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 1411.
1887 (10) BIRD, F. C. J. Estimation of morphine.
Pharm. J. Trans. 18, 470.
1887: (11) SCHRAUT, S. and BECKURTS, H. Estimation of mor-
phine. Comparison of methods.
Pharm. Centrbl. 28, 171; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 605.
1887: (12) DIETERICH, E. Simplification and improvement of
method for determining morphine.
Pharm. Centralh. 28, 261 and 479; Ber. d. chem. Ges. 20,
344 and 604, and 21, 147 R.; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 732
and 1328.
1887: (13) PLUGGE, P. C. Separation of the alkaloids of opium,
using saturated sodium acetate, potassium ferricyanide,
sodium salicylate, potassium sulphocyanide, etc.
Arch. Pharm. 1887, 343; Niew. Tijdschr. v. Pharm. 1887,
69; Pharm. Ztg. 1887, 376; Pharm. Ztschr. Russ. 1887,
505; Rund. Int. Pharm. 1887, 543; Jsb. d. Pharm.
1887, 422; Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1887, 310.
1887: (14) KREMEL. Estimation of morphine in opium.
Pharm. Post. 20, 661; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 1529; J.
Chem. Soc. 54, 635.
1887: (15) SCHLICKUM, O. Modification of Dieterich's method
for determination of morphine in opium.
Arch. Pharm. 25, 13 and 483; Ber. 20, 121 and 749 R.;
Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1887, 311; J Chem. Soc. 52, 622;
Chem. Centrbl. 1487, 311 and 971.
1887. (16) ADRIAN and GALLOIS. Assay of opium.
J. Pharm. Chim. (5) 15, 193; J. Chem. Soc. 52, 622; Chem.
Centrbl. 1887, 345.
1887: (17) GÖBEL, H. Estimation of morphine. Criticism and
improvement of U. S. P. process.
Chem. Ztg. 11, 508; J. Chem. Soc. 52, 869.
1887: (18) WILEY, C. D. Opium assay. Comparison of meth-
ods of Squibb, Wainwright and Flückiger. Gravimetric,
weighing free morphine.
Proc. Mich. S. Ph. A. 1887, 138.
16
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1887 (19) SQUIBB. Assay of opium.
Ephemeris, p. 965.
1887: (20) JANDONS, A. Estimation of morphine in opium.
Casop. cesk. lékárn. 6, 128; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 731.
1887: (21) BIEL, J. Estimation of morphine in opium.
Pharm. Ztschr. Russ. 26, 241; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 602.
1887: (22) RUDDIMAN, E. A. Estimation of quinine by Kerner's
method.
J. Anal. Chem. 1, 290; Chem. News 58, pp. 202, 216, and
226; J. Chem. Soc. 56, 323; Chem. Centrbl. 1888,
1595.
1887: (23) SCHÄFER, L. Estimation of cinchonidine in quinine
sulphate.
Arch. Pharm. (3) 25, 64 and 1033; J. Chem. Soc. 52, 623;
54, 636; Chem. Centrbl., 1888, 202.
Pharm. Ztg. 32, 97; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 314.
1887: (24) DIETERICH. Estimation of strychnine, alkalimetric.
Pharm. Centralh. 1887, 21 and 29; Am. J. Pharm. 1887,
184 and 136; Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1887, 38.
1887: (25) BECKURTS and HOLST. Volumetric estimation of
strychnine and brucine, using ferrocyanide.
Pharm. Rund. 1887, 112; Arch. Pharm. 1887, 313; Jsb. d.
Pharm. 1887, 434; Am. J. Pharm. 1887, 510; Pharm.
Era, 1887, 292.
Pharm. Centralh. 28, 119; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 601.
1887: (26) BECKURTS and HOLST. Assay of strychnine prepara-
tions, alkalimetric.
Pharm. Centralh. 28, 255; Chem. Centrbl. 1887, 732.
1887: (27) CoWNLEY and PAUL. Estimation of caffeine in coffee.
Pharm. J. Trans. 17, 648 and 821; Chem. Ztg. 1887, 55;
Jsb. d. Pharm. 1887, 153.
1887: (28) COWNLEY and PAUL. Estimation of caffeine in tea.
Pharm. J. Trans. 18, 419; J. Chem. Soc. 54, 539.
1887: (29) SMITH, E. D. Estimation of caffeine in coffee.
Ztschr. östr. Apoth. Ver. 41, 359; Chem. Centrbl. 1887,
1270; J. Chem. Soc. 54, 539.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
17
1887: (30) WAAGE. TH. Estimation of caffeine in tea leaves,
gravimetric.
Jsb. d. Pharm. 1887, 170.
1887: (31) LÖSCH, A. Estimation of caffeine in tea leaves.
Fortschritt 1887, 128; Schweiz. Wochens. 1887, 209; Rund.
Int. Pharm. 1887, 330; Arch. Pharm. 25, 443 and 447;
Ztschr. Hygiene 1887, 177; Pharm. Centralh. 1887, 301;
Jsb. d. Pharm. 1887, 172; J. Chem. Soc. 52, 1002;
Pharm. Ztschr. Russ. 26, 177 and 178; Chem. Centrbl.
1887, 584.
1887: (32) CRIPPS, R. A. Indirect volumetric estimation of
coniine, chlorometric.
Pharm. Rund. 1887, 210; Rund. Int. Pharm. 1887, 732;
Jsb. d. Pharm 1887, 175.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 18, pp. 12, 511, 820 and 888; Pharm.
Era, 1887, 368; J. Chem. Soc. 54, 540.
1887 (33) LIGNON. Assay of Ipecac.
J. Pharm. Chim. 1887, 550; Arch. Pharm. 1887, 642.
1887 (34) MACEWEN. Chemistry of calabar beans.
Chem, and Drugg. 30, 193; Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 17, 641;
Allen. Com. Org. Anal. 3, iii, 14.
1888: (1) KREMEL. Estimation of hydrastine, berberine, and
emetine, gravimetric.
Pharm. Post, 21, 149; Chem. Ztg. 1888, 84; Pharm. Rund.
1888, 111; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1888, 100; Arch. Pharm.
(3) 26, 419; J. Chem. Soc. 54, 1351.
1888: (2) KREMEL, A. Estimation of alkaloids in nux vomica.
Pharm. Post. 21, 534; Arch. Pharm. (3) 26, 899; J. Chem.
Soc. 56, 322.
1888: (3) WIEDA. Estimation of cinchona alkaloids. Résumé
of 25 different processes.
Pharm. Rocord 1888, 249 and 264.
}
1888: (4) LENZ, W. Recent processes for testing quinin
Comparison of methods.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 27, 549; J. Chem. Soc. 56, 86.
1888: (5) SNOW. Mayer's reagent for the estimation of alka-
loids.
Am. J. Pharm. 1888, 487; Proc. Mich. S. Ph.A. 1888, 107;
Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1889, 686.
f
18
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1888: (6) SNow. Phospho-molybdate for the quantitative analy-
sis of alkaloids, gravimetric and volumetric.
Pharm. Era, 1888, 380; Pharm. Centralh. 1889, 14; Jsb. d.
Pharm. 1889, 379; Am. J. Pharm. 1888, 529; Proc. Am.
Ph. A. 1888, 133; J. Pharm. Chim. 19, 23.
1888: (7) KREMEL, A. Estimation of caffeine in guarana.
Pharm. Post. 21, 101; Arch. Pharm. (3) 26, 318; J. Chem.
Soc. 54, 876.
1888: (8)
BIEL, J.
Estimation of nicotine in tobacco extract.
Pharm. Ztschr. Russ. 27, 3; Arch. Pharm. (3) 26, 322; J.
Chem. Soc. 54, 876; Chem. Centrbl. 1888, 425.
1888: (9) SQUIBB. Assay of coca and cocaine.
Ephemeris, pp. 1104 and 1170.
1888: (10) SQUIBB. Assay of opium.
Ephemeris pp. 1113 and 1150.
1888: (11) TESCHEMACHER and SMITH, J. D. Estimation of
morphine in opium, with comparison of methods.
Chem. News 57, 93 and 103; Ber. d. chem. Ges. 21, p. 548
R; J. Chem. Soc. 54, 635; Pharm. J. Trans. 19, 44;
Chem. Centrbl. 1888, 562.
1888: (12) WILLIAMS, R. Estimation of morphine in opium.
Chem. News, 57, 134; J. Chem. Soc. 54, 635; Chem.
Centrbl. 1888, 648; Ber. d. chem. Ges. 21, 545 R.
1888: (13) DIETERICH, E. and BARTHEL, G. Estimation of
morphine and its water of crystallization.
Pharm. Centralh. 29, 315; Chem. Centrbl. 1888, 1044.
1888: (14) CAVENDONI. Alkaloidal estimation, gravimetric.
L'Orosi, 1888, 301; Rep. de Pharm. 1890, 22; Pharm. Post.
1890, p. 115; Apoth. Ztg. 1898, 16.
1888: (15) VAN ITALLIE. Assay of belladonna leaves.
Pharm. Weekblad. 1888, 883; Apoth. Ztg. 1888, 883
1889: (1) DIETERICH, E. Estimation of morphine by Flücki-
ger's method.
Pharm. Centralh. 30, 602; Chem. Centrbl. 1889, ii, 674 and
942.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
19
1889: (2) BECKURTS, H. Separation and estimation of strych-
nine and brucine, and estimation of alkaloids in extracts
containing chlorophyll.
Pharm. Centralh. 1889, 574; Chem. Centrbl. 1889, ii, 541.
1889: (3) GÖBEL, H. Estimation of quinine and cinchonidine
in bark, extraction with paraffine oil.
Chem. Ztg. 13, 906; Chem. Centrbl. 1889, ii, 521.
1889: (4) HOLDERMAN, E. Estimation of morphine by iodo-
metric methods.
1889:
Chem. Centrbl. 1889, ii, 542; Pharm. Centralh. 1889, 579;
Pharm. Ztg. 1889, 582; Pharm. Rund. 1889, 258; Jsb.
d. Pharm. 1889, 411; Pharm, Ztschr Russ. 1889, 653.
(5) FLUECKIGER, F. A.
opium, gravimetric.
Determination of morphine in
Arch. Pharm. 27, 721 and 769; Pharm. Ztg. 1889, 636;
Pharm. Ztg. Russl. 1889, 759; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1889, 80;
J. Chem. Soc. 58, 94; Chem. Centrbl. 1889, ii, 715 and
716; Am. Drug. 1889, 191; Ber. d. Chem. Ges. 22,
841 R.
1889: (6) GEROCK, J. E. Separation of brucine from strych-
nine, using nitric acid of s. g. 1.056.
Arch. Pharm. 22, 158; Am. J. Pharm. 1889, 180; Pharm.
Runds. 1889, 116; Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1889, 702; Am.
Drug. 1889, 91; Chem. Centrbl. 1889, i, 482.
1889: (7) SNOW. Estimation of strychnine and brucine in prep-
arations of nux vomica.
Proc. Mich. S. Ph. A. 1889, 73.
1889: (8) POPOVICI, M. Quantitative determination of nico-
tine, polariscopic.
Diss. Erlangen; Zeitschr. f. Physiol. Chem. 13, 5; Arch.
Pharm. 1889, 558; Chem. Ztg. 1889, 148; Pharm.
Ztschr. Russ. 1889, 314; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1889, 417; J.
Soc. 56, 802; Chem. Centrbl. 1889, i, 709; 1890, i, 361.
1889: (9) KISSLING, R. Estimation of nicotine in tobacco,
polariscopic.
Chem. Ztg. 13, 1030; J. Chem. Soc. 58, 430; Chem.
Centrbl. 1889, ii, 521.
20
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1889: (10) BLUNT, T. P. Assay of emetine in wine of ipecac,
volumetric, with Mayer's reagent.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 20, 254; J. Chem. Soc. 58, 310; Rep.
de Pharm. 1890, 528.
1889: (11) JOHNSTONE, W. Analysis of pepper.
Analyst. 14, 41; J. Chem. Soc. 58, 95.
1889: (12) VAN DER MARK: Estimation of alkaloids in coca
leaves.
Pharm. Ztschr. Russ. 28, 349; Schweiz. Wochens. 27, 174;
Rep. de Pharm. 1889, 366; J. Pharm. Chim. (5) 20, 500;
J. Chem. Soc. 58, 310.
Ned. Tijds. Pharm. 89, 116; Pharm. Ztg. 39, 282; Chem.
Centrbl. 1889, ii, 206.
1889: (13) FAWSSETT, T.
Estimation of cinchona alkaloids;
colorimetric estimation of bromine, after adding excess of
bromine water.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 19, 914; J. Chem. Soc. 58, 309.
1889: (14) NEUMANN, S. Estimation of quinine in quinine
tannate, gravimetric.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 1889, 28, 663; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1890, 420;
Chem. Centrbl. 1890, i, 742.
1889: (15) VAN ITALLIE, L. Alkalimetric estimation of alka-
loids in extracts.
Nieuw Tijds Pharm. 1889, 6; Pharm. Centralh. 1889,
117; Analyst. 1889, 118; Arch. Pharm. 1889, 185;
Pham. Ztg. 1889, 73; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1889, 441; Rep. de
Pharm. 1889, 511.
1889: (16) VAN DER MARK, B. Assay of nux vomica.
Ned. Tijds. Pharm. 1889, 4.
1889: (17) CRIPPS, R. A. and WITHBY, A. Assay of ipecac.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 19, 721; Pharm. Centralh. 1889, 441.
1889: (18) LANDRIN. Assay of cinchona.
Compt. rend. 108, 750; Rep. de Pharm, 1889, 212.
1890: (1) VAN ITALLIE, L. Alkalimetric estimation of alka-
loids.
Nederl. Tijds. Pharm. 2, 209; Pharm. Ztg. 35, 442; Jsb.
d. Pharm. 1890, 406; Chem. Centrbl. 1890, ii. 477.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
21
1890: (2) SCHWEISSINGER AND SARNOW.
tion of alkaloids in narcotic extracts.
Quantitative estima-
Volumetric.
Pharm. Centralh. 31, 583, 771; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1890, 406;
Rep. de Pharm. 1891, 281; Am. J. Pharm. 1891, 96;
Chem. Centrbl. 1891, i, 242.
1890: (3) EGELING. Gravimetric estimation of alkaloids in
extractum strychni.
Nederl. Tijdschr, Pharm. 1890, 2, 242; Jsb. d. Pharm.
1890, 407; Rep. der Pharm. 1, 240; Chem. Centrbl.
1891, i, 285.
1890: (4) CHRISTIANSEN, A. Determination of alkaloids, and
their numerical equivalents. Iodometric.
Chem. Ztg. 1890, 1346; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1890, 404; Chem.
and Drug. 1890, 602; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1891, 609; J.
Chem. Soc. 62, 666; Chem. Centrbl. 1890, ii, 796.
1890: (5) BECKURTS, H.
tions.
Estimation of strychnine in prepara-
Arch. Pharm. 228, 330; Chem. Centrbl. 1890, ii, 123 and
477.
1890: (6) SEATON and RICHMOND. Estimation of quinine in mix-
tures. (Double titration, using methyl orange and phenol-
phthalein.)
Analyst, 15, 42; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1890, 416; Chem. Centrbl.
1890, i, 741.
1890: (7) LOOFF, G. Estimation of morphine.
Apot. Ztg. 5, 271; Am. J. Pharm. 20, 344; Rep. de Pharm.
1890, 480; Chem. Centrbl. 1890, i, 1082; J. Chem. Soc.
58, 1349.
1890: (8) LoOFF, G. Estimation of morphine.
Looff,
Pharm. Centralh. 31, 688; Chem. Centrbl. 1890, ii, 1034;
J. Chem. Soc. 60, 771.
1890: (9) HINSDALE, S. J. Colorimetric estimation of morphine.
Chem. News, 62, 77; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1890, 456; J. Chem.
Soc. 58, 1349; Chem. Centrbl. 1890, ii, 531.
1890: (10) DIETERICH, E. A shortening of the Helfenberger
method of morphine estimation.
Pharm. Centralh. 31, 591 and 729; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1890,
455; Ztschr. anal. Chem. 30, 105; J. Chem. Soc. 60,
511; Chem. Centrbl. 1890, ii, 857.
22
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1890: (11) DIETERICH, E. On morphine and emetine, and the
time required for shaking out.
Pharm. Centralh. 1890, 31, 741; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1890, 454.
1890: (12) CLAASEN, E. On the quantitative
On the quantitative estimation of
codeine and morphine. Volumetric method, using platinic
chloride.
Pharm. Rund. 1890, 8, 41; Pharm. Centralh. 31. 115; Jsb.
d. Pharm. 1890, 457; Chem. Centrbl. 1890, i, 741; J.
Chem. Soc. 58, 1198.
1890: (13) BLUNT, T. P. Alkalimetric estimation of emetine.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 20, 809; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1890, 442,
Chem. Centrbl. 1890, i, 881.
1890: (14) VITE, F.
Estimation of caffeine in tea.
Mitteil. Erlangen, 1890, 113; Chem. Centrbl. 1890, ii, 274;
J. Chem. Soc 60, 372.
1890: (15) SPENCER, G. L. Estimation of caffeine in tea.
J. Anal. Chem. 4, 158; Chem. Ztg. 14, Ref. 175; Chem.
Centrbl. 1890, ii, 172.
1890: (16) SUESS, P. Estimation of theobromine in cacao beans.
Various methods discussed.
Ztschr. Anal. Chem. 32, 57; J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 198.
1890: (17) THOMPSON, F. A. Assay of conium, modification of
Lyons' method.
Proc. Mich. S. Ph. A., 1890, 19.
1890: (18) ARNDT, E. M.
Estimation of emetine.
Apoth. Ztg. 1890, 780.
1890: (19) U. S. PHARMACOPOEIA. Assay of cinchona.
U. S. P. 1890, p. 91.
FOR TOTAL ALKALOIDS.-To 20 gms. of cinchona in very fine powder
and contained in a bottle with accurately ground glass stopper, add 200
c. c. of a previously prepared mixture of 19 volumes of alcohol, 5 vols.
chloroform, and 1 vol ammonia water, stopper the bottle, and shake
thoroughly and frequently during four hours. Then separate the liquid
by pouring it into another bottle through a funnel containing a pellet of
cotton so that no material loss by evaporation may result. Transfer 100
c. c. of the clear filtrate (representing 10 gms. cinchona) to a beaker, and
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
23
evaporate to dryness.
Dissolve the residue of crude alkaloids thus
obtained in 10 c. c. of water and 4 c. c. normal sulphuric acid, with the
aid of gentle heat, filter the cooled solution into a separating funnel, and
wash the beaker and filter until filtrate no longer has an acid reaction,
using as small a quantity of water as possible. Now add 5 c. c. normal
potassium hydrate to render decidedly alkaline, and extract alkaloids by
shaking the mixture, first with 20 c. c., then repeatedly with 10 c. c. of
chloroform, until a drop of the last chloroform extraction leaves no resi-
due when evaporated on a watch glass. Evaporate the united chloro-
formic extracts in a tared beaker, dry the residue at 100° C. and weigh.
The weight found, multiplied by 10 will give the percentage of total
alkaloids in the specimen of cinchona tested.
FOR QUININE.—Transfer 50 c. c. of the clear filtrate remaining from
the preceeding process (and representing 5 gm. of cinchona) to a beaker,
evaporate it to a dryness, and proceed as directed for total alkaloids,
using only half the amounts of volumetric acid and alkali there directed.
Add the united chloroformic extracts containing the alkaloids in solu-
tion, gradually, and in small portions at a time, to about 5 gm. of pow-
dered glass contained in a porcelain capsule placed over a water bath, so
that when the contents of the capsule are dry, all or nearly all of the dry
alkaloids shall be in intimate admixture with the powdered glass, and
the chloroform be completely expelled. Now moisten the residue with
ether, and having placed a funnel containing a filter of a diameter of
7 c. m. and well wetted with ether over a small graduated tube (A),
transfer the ether-moistened residue from the capsule. Rinse the
latter several times, if necessary, with fresh ether, so as to transer the
whole of the residue to the filter, then percolate with ether added drop
by drop, until exactly 10 c. c. of percolate have been obtained. Then
collect another volume of 10 c. c. by similar slow percolation with ether,
in a second graduated tube (B). Transfer the contents of the two tubes
completely, (using ether for washing) to two small, tared capsules,
properly marked (A and B) so as to avoid confusion, evaporate to a con-
stant weight at 100° C. and weigh them. (The residue in A will contain
practically all the quinine, together with a portion of the alkaloids less
soluble in ether; the residue B will consist almost entirely of these alka-
loids.) From the amount of residue obtained in capsule A deduct that
contained in B, and multiply the remainder by 20. The product will
represent, approximately, the percentage of quinine (containing 1
molecule of water) in the specimen of cinchona tested.
1890: (20)
(20) U. S. PHARMACOPŒIA.
vomica.
U. S. P. 1890, p. 154.
Assay of extract of nux
24
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
Put 2 gm. of the dried extract of nux vomica into a glass separator,
add to it 20 c. c. of a previously prepared mixture of 2 volumes of alco-
hol, 1 vol. ammonia water (s. g. 0.960), and 1 vol. water, and shake the
separator till the extract is dissolved. Then add 20 c. c. of chloroform
and agitate during five minutes. Allow the chloroform to separate,
remove it as far as possible, pour into the separator a few c. c. of chloro-
form, and, without shaking, draw this off through the stop-cock to wash
the outlet tube. Repeat the extraction with two further portions of
chloroform of 15 c. c. each, and wash the outlet tube each time as just
directed. Collect all the chloroformic solutions in a wide beaker, expose
the latter to a gentle heat, on a water-bath, until the chloroform and
ammonia are completely dissipated, add to the residue 10 c. c. of deci-
normal sulphuric acid measured from a burette, stir gently, and then
add 20 c. c. of hot water. When solution has taken place add 2 c. c. of
Brazil wood solution, and then carefully run in centinormal potassium
hydrate, until a permanent pinkish color is produced. Divide the num-
ber of c. c. of centinormal potash used by 10, subtract the number found
from the amount of decinormal acid used, multiply the remainder by
0.0364 and that product by 50 (or multiply at once by 1.82), which will
give the percentage of total alkaloids in the extract, it being assumed
that strychnine and brucine are present in equal proportion, and the
above factor being found by taking the mean of their respective mole-
cular weights [(334 + 394) ÷ 2 = 364].
1890: (21) U. S. PHARMACOPOEIA. Assay of opium, crude,
extract or tincture.
U. S. P. 1890, pp. 156, 292, and 424.
EXTRACT OF OPIUM.-Dissolve 4 grs. in 30 c. c. of water, filter the
solution through a small filter, and wash the filter and residue with
water, until all soluble matters are extracted, collecting the washings
separately. Evaporate in a tared capsule, first the washings to a small
volume, then add the first filtrate, and evaporate the whole to a weight
of ten grams.
Rotate the concentrated solution about in the capsule
until the rings of extract are redissolved, pour the liquid into a tared
Erlenmeyer flask having a capacity of 100 c. c., and rinse the capsule
with a few drops of water at a time, until the entire solution weighs 15
gm. Then add 8.5 c. c. of alcohol, shake well, add 20 c. c. of ether and
shake again. Now add 2.2 c. c. of ammonia water, stopper the flask with
a sound cork, shake it thoroughly during ten minutes and set aside in a
moderately cool place for six hours or over night.
CRUDE OPIUM.-Introduce the opium (which if fresh, should be in
very small pieces, and if dry, in very fine powder) into a bottle having
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
25
a capacity of about 300 c. c. add 100 c. c. of water, cork it well, and agi-
tate frequently during 12 hours. Then pour the whole as evenly as pos-
sible upon a wetted filter of 12 cm. diameter, and when the liquid has
drained off, wash the residue with water, carefully dropped upon the
edges of the filter and the contents, until 150 c. c. of filtrate are obtained.
Then carefully transfer the moist opium back to the bottle by means of
a spatula, add 50 c. c. of water, agitate thoroughly and repeatedly dur-
ing 15 minutes and return the whole to the filter. When the liquid has
drained off, wash the residue as before, until the second filtrate measures
150 c. c., and finally collect about 20 c. c. more of a third filtrate. Evap-
orate in a tared capsule, first, the second filtrate to a small volume,
then add the first filtrate, rinsing the vessel with the third filtrate, and
continue the evaporation until the residue weighs 14 gm. Rotate the
concentrated solution about in the capsule until the rings of extract are
redissolved, pour the liquid into a tared Erlenmeyer flask of 100 c. c.
capacity, and rinse the capsule with a few drops of water at a time,
until the entire solution weighs 20 gm. Then add 12.2 c. c. alcohol,
shake well, add 25 c. c. of ether and shake again. Then add 3.5 c. c.
ammonia water, stopper the flask, shake thoroughly during ten minutes
and set aside in a moderately cool place for six hours or over night.
TINCTURE OF OPIUM.-Evaporate 100 c. c. to about 20 c. c., add 40 c. c.
of water, mix thoroughly, and set aside for an hour, occasionally stirring,
and disintegrating the resinous flakes adhering to the capsule. Then
filter, and wash the filter and residue with water, until all soluble
matters are extracted, collecting the washings separately. Evaporate
in a tared capsule, first the washings to a small volume, then add the
first filtrate, and evaporate the whole to a weight of 14 gm. Then pro-
ceed exactly as with crude opium from this point, using same quan-
tities.
After standing for 6 hours or over night, remove the stopper care-
fully, and should any crystals adhere to it, brush them into the flask.
Place in a small funnel two rapidly acting filters, of 7 cm. diameter,
plainly folded, one within the other (the triple fold of the inner being
laid against the single fold of the outer), wet them well with ether, and
decant the ethereal solution as completely as possible upon the inner
filter. Add 10 c. c. of ether to the contents of the flask, rotate it, and
again decant the ethereal layer upon the inner filter. Repeat this opera-
tion with another portion of 10 c. c. of ether. Then pour into the filtər
the liquid in the flask, in portions, in such a way as to transfer the
greater portion of the crystals to the filter, and, when this has passed
through, transfer the remaining crystals to the filter by washing the
flask with several portions of water, not using more than about 10 c. c.
26
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
"
in all. Allow the double filter to drain, then apply water to the crystals
drop by drop, until they are practically free from mother-water, and
afterwards wash them, drop by drop, from a pipette, with a saturated
alcoholic solution of morphine. When this has passed through, displace
the remaining alcohol by ether, using 10 c. c. or more if necessary.
Allow the filter to dry in a moderately warm place, at a temperature not
exceeding 60°, to constant weight, then carefully transfer the crystals to
a weighed watch-glass, and weigh. The weight found represents per-
centage of morphine (crystallized) from tincture, multiplied by 10 gives
percentage from crude opium, and multiplied by 25 percentage from
extract.
1890. (22) NAGELVOORT, J. B. Rapid estimation of morphine
in opium.
Am. J. Pharm. 1890, 407; Terapia moderna, 1891, 80; Rep.
de Pharm. 1891, 283.
1891: (1) LAMBERT, A. Polariscopic estimation of morphine.
J. Pharm. Chim. (5) 3, 593; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1891, 550; J.
Chem. Soc. 60, 1043; Chem. Centrbl. 1891, ii, 233.
1
1891: (2) LLOYD, J. U. Assay of galenical preparations.
(Using ferric chloride and sodium bi-carbonate, and
extracting with chloroform.)
Proc. A. Ph. A., 1891, 124;
1891: (3) THOMPSON, F. A. Method for the assay of prepara-
tions of belladonna, stramonium and henbane, cinchonas,
colchicum, coca, and conium. (Using oak sawdust).
Proc. Mich. St. Ph. A. 1891, 67.
1891: (4) HAUBENSAK, W. Estimation of total alkaloids in
cinchona.
Schweiz. Wochens, 29, 147; Chem. Centrbl. 1891, i, 1006;
J. Chem. Soc. 60, 1402.
1891: (5) SPENCER, G. L. Estimation of caffeine in tea.
J. Anal. Chem. 4, 390; Chem. Centrbl. 1891, i, 373; J.
Chem. Soc. 60, 964; Chem. News, 63, 18.
1891: (6) PAUL, B. H. Estimation of caffeine in tea, etc.
Pharm. J. Trans. 21, 882; J. Chem. Soc. 60, 1403; Rev.
intern. falsific. 4, 210; Chem. Centrbl. 1891, ii, 595.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
27
1891: (7) PEZZOLATO, A. Determination of nicotine in presence
of ammonia.
Gaz. chim. ital. 20, 780; Ber. d. chem. Ges. 24, 222, R;
J. Chem. Soc. 60, 771; Chem. Centrbl. 1891, i, 287;
Einf. Stud. Alk. 293.
1891 (8) ALLEN, A. H. Assay of aconite preparations.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 22, 230; J. Chem. Soc. 62, 392.
1891: (9) BECKURTS, H. Estimation of alkaloids in extracts of
nux vomica, aconite, belladonna, and hyoscyamus, etc.
Pharm. Rund. 1891, 240; Apoth. Ztg. 1891, 537; Am. J.
Pharm. 1892, 26.
1891: (10) KREMEL, A.
Estimation of coniine.
Ann. di Chim, e di Farm. 14, 149; Einf. Stud. Alk. p. 542.
1892: (1) NICHOLS, H. T. and NORTON, T. H. Examination of
the Lloyd method.
J. Anal. Chem. 6, 162; Chem. Centrbl. 1892, ii, 188.
1892: (2) ALLEN, A. H. Methyl orange as the best indicator
for titration of alkaloids.
Chem. and Drug. 1892, 104; Proc. Am. Ph. A. 1892, 1035.
1892: (3) ALLEN, A. H. Volumetric estimation of alkaloids.
Chem. News 66, 259; Ber. 26, 389, R; J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii,
252; Chem. Centrbl. 1893, i, 137.
1892: (4) PARTHEIL, A. Use of ethereal iodo-eosin as an indi-
cator for alkaloid.
Apot. Ztg. 1892, 435; Am. J. Pharm. 1892, 522; Chem.
Centrbl. 1892, ii, 638.
1892: (5) BARTHE, L. Volumetric estimation of alkaloids.
(Double titration, with phenolphthalein and litmus.)
Compt. rend. 1892, 115, 512; Chem. News, 1892, 223; Jsb.
d. Pharm. 1892, 491; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1893, 817; Am.
J. Pharm. 1892, 368; J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 146.
1892: (6) BARTHE, L. Analysis of quinine sulphate and esti-
mation of quinine in presence of other cinchona alkaloids.
Compt. rend. 115, 1085; J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 199; Chem.
Centrbl. 1893, i, 233.
28
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1892: (7) SCHMIDT, J. H. Estimation of quinine in cinchona
barks.
;
Pharm. Centralh. 33, 594; Chem. Centrbl. 1892, ii, 946;
J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 310.
1892: (8) KUERSTEINER, C. Assay of cinchona, gravimetric.
Pharm. Ztg. 1892, 750; Am. J. Pharm. 1893, 74; Proc. A.
Ph. A. 1893, 404.
Schweiz. Wochens 30, 473; Chem. Centrbl. 1893, i, 137;
Rep. de Pharm. 1894, 75.
1892: (9) PINETTE, J. Estimation of nicotine.
Chem. Ztg. 16, 1072; Chem. Centrbl. 1892, ii, 560.
1892: (10) BIRD, F. C. J. Estimation of emetine with Mayer's
reagent.
L'Union pharm. 1892, No. 10; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1892, 519.
1892: (11) KOTTMAYER, G. Estimation of emetine in ipeca-
cuanha root, volumetric.
Pharm. Post, 1892, 913 and 933; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1892, 182;
Chem. Centrbl. 1892, ii, 638.
1892: (12) KELLER, C. C. Estimation of emetine.
Schweiz Wochens. 30, 501 and 509; Chem. Centrbl. 1893,
i, 235 and 322; J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 397; Jsb. d. Pharm.
1893, 171; Am. J. Pharm. 1893, 78.
1892: (13) TRAUB. Estimation of alkaloids, iodometric.
Schweiz. Wochens. 1892, 22; Apoth. Ztg. 1892,
1892: (14)
DOMERGUE and NICOLAS.
in tea.
Estimation of caffeine
J. Pharm. Chim. (5) 25, 302; Rep. de Pharm. 1892, 155.
Estimation of caffeine
1892: (15) CAZENEUVE and BIETRIX.
in
tea.
Moniteur scientif. 1892, April; Rep. de Pharm. 1892, 203.
1892: (16) GUILLOT. Rapid estimation of eaffeine.
Arch. de Méd. et de Pharm. milit; Rep. de Pharm. 1892,
374; Apothek. Ztg. 1893, 132; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1893,
721; Chem. Centrbl. 1893, i, 865; J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii,
608.
1892: (17) BECK, C. R. Assay of ipecac.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 22, 891; Rep. de Pharm. 1892, 273.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
29
!
1893: (1) KELLER, C. C. Alkalimetric estimation of alkaloids in
cinchona bark.
Festschr. Stiftungsfeier Schweiz. Apoth. Ver; Pharm.
Ztg. 1893, 786; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1893, 165.
1893: (2) KELLER, C. C. Estimation of emetin.
Schweiz Wochens. 31, 470 and 485; Jsb de Pharm. 1893,
175; Chem. Centrbl. 1894, i, 236.
1893: (3) KELLER. Estimation of emetin in ipecacuauha root.
Pharm. Post, 25, 913; J. Pharm. Chim. (5) 27, 465; J.
Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 560.
1893: (4) KELLER, C. C. Estimation of alkaloids in strychnos
Titration using iodo-eosin.
seeds.
Schweiz. Wochens. 1893,
Pharm. Ztg. 1893, No. 96
and 101; Apoth. Ztg. 8, 542; Ztschr. anal. Chem. 35,
491; J. Chem. Soc. 66, ii, 491.
1893: (5) MEYER, A: Valuation of ipecacuanha root, volu-
metric.
Apoth. Ztg. 1893, pp. 167, 178; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1893, 173.
1893: (6) GRANDVAL and LAJOUX. Estimation of caffeine.
J. Pharm. Chim. 27, 545; Rep. de Pharm. 1893, 301; Rev.
intern. falsific. 1893, 168; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1893, 722.
J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 559; Chem. Centrbl. 1893, ii, 166.
1893: (7) KELLER, C. C. Assay of alkaloidal drugs, volumetric.
Oestr Ztschr. Pharm. 1893, 563 and 586; Am. J. Pharm.
1894, 42; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1894, 532.
1893: (8) SOKOLOFF. Estimation of caffeine in tea.
Chem. and Drug. 1893, 210; Proc. A. Ph. A., 1894, 514.
J. Russ. Chem. Soc. 24, 130; J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 352.
1893: (9) SUESS, P. Estimation of theobromine.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 32, 57; Chem. Centrbl. 1893, i, 322.
1893: (10) BRUNNER, H. and LEINS, H. Quantative separation
of caffeine and theobromine, using ammonio silver nitrate.
Schweiz. Wochens. 31, 85; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1893, 720;
Chem. Centrbl. 1893, i, 802; J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 608.
1893: (11) DE WIJS, B. J. C. Estimation of morphine in opium.
Nederl. Tijds. Pharm. 5, 282; Chem. Centrbl. 1893, ii, 738.
1
30
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1893: (12) CANNEPIN and VAN EIJK. Titration of morphine,
cochineal as indicator.
Bull. Soc. Chim., (3) 9, 437; Ber. 26, 837, R; J. Chem.
Soc. 64, ii, 607; Chem. Centrbl. 1893, ii, 299; Rep. de
Pharm. 1893, 249.
1893: (13) HEUT, G. Estimation of coniine and nicotine.
Arch. Pharm. 231, 376 and 658. J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 607;
Chem. Centrbl. 1894, i, 307.
1893: (14) VEDRÖDI. Analysis of tobacco.
Study of methods.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 32, 277; J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 504;
Chem. Centrbl. 1893, ii, 164.
1893: (15) THOMPSON, F. A. Estimation of hydrastine, and sep-
aration from berberine. Volumetric.
Am. J. Pharm. 1893, 371; Proc. A. Ph. A., 1893, 691.
1893: (16) RANWEZ. Estimation of alkaloids in preparations of
aconite, hyoscyamus, stramonium and cicuta.
1
J. Pharm. Chim. (5) 28, 208 and 264; Rep. de Pharm. 1893,
344; Chem. Centrbl. 1893, ii, 737 and 890.
1893: (17) CASPARI, C. and DOHME, R. L. Titration as a means
of assaying drugs. Discussion of methods.
Am. J. Pharm. 1893, 473 and 478. Proc. A. Ph. A. 1894,
555,
1893: (18) GRANDVAL and LAJOUX.
Estimation of alkaloids
with potassium mercuric iodide.
J. Pharm. Chim. 1893, Aug. 15; Rep. de Pharm, 1893,
436; Rev. inter. falsific. 6, 186 and 207, Chem. Centrbl.
1893, ii, 597 and 668.
1893: (19) GRANDVAL, A. and LAJOUX, H. Estimation of alka-
loids in drugs.
J. Pharm. Chim. 28, 99 and 152; Jsb. d. Pharm, 1893, 483;
J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 608; Apoth. Ztg. 1893, 90; Rep.
de Pharm. 1893, 392.
1893: (20) VITALI, D. Volumetric estimation of certain metals,
and salts of the alkalolds.
halides.
Applies to sulphates and
L'Orosi, 16, 181; Pharm. Ztg. 1893, 321; Jsb. d. Pharm.
1893, 207; Pharm. Post, 1893, 297; Am. J. Pharm.
1893, 384; J. Chem. Soc. 64, ii, 607.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
31
1893:
(21) VAN LEDDEN-HULSEBOSCH. Determination of alka-
loids in extracts, gravimetric.
Pharm Centralh. 1893, 101 and 289; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1893,
593; Am. Drug. 1893, 372; Proc. A. Ph. A., 1893, 404.
1893: (22) LIEUNNIGH, F. Criticism of Hulsebosch's process.
Pharm. Centralh. 1893, 591; Chem. Centrbl. 1893, ii, 890;
Proc. A. Ph. A., 1894, 1092; J. Chem. Soc. 66, ii, 126.
1894: (1) KELLER, C. C. Alkaloidal assaying.
Schweiz. Wochens. 1894, Nos. 5, 6, 7, 12, 13; Pharm. Ztg.
1894, 344 and 361; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1894, 11; Proc. A.
Ph. A. 1895, 537.
1894: (2) FARR and WRIGHT.
Preference given to gravimetric
rather than volumetric methods.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 25, 121; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1895, 623;
Chem. Centrbl. 1894, ii, 602.
1894: (3) SCHWICKERATH, K. Alkaloidal assaying of drugs.
Pharm. Rund. 1894, 137; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1894, 24; Drug.
Bull. 1894, 246; Chem. Centrbl. 1894, ii, 302.
1894: (4) BECKURTS. Estimation of alkaloids in drugs.
Apoth. Ztg. 1894, 661 and 750; Pharm. Ztg. 1894, 676;
Pharm. Centralh. 1894, 566; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1894, 26.
DIETERICH, Discussion of methods for determination
of alkaloids.
1894: (5)
Helfenb. Annal. 1894, 15; Pharm. Centralh. 1895, 163;
Jsb. d. Pharm. 1895, 500; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1895, 545;
Chem. Centrbl. 1895, i, 814.
1894: (6) KUNZE, W. E. Separation and estimation of the cacao
Volumetric for theobromine.
alkaloids.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 33, 1; Pharm. Centralh. 34, 108;
Rep. de Pharm. 1895, 225; J. Chem. Soc. 66, ii, 168;
Chem. Centrbl. 1894, i, 398.
Schweiz. Wochens. 32, 334; Chem. Centrbl. 1894, ii, 179.
1894: (7) THIEL, J. Estimation of theobromine.
Forschungsber. Lebensm. 1, 108; Chem. Centrbl. 1894,
i, 878.
1894: (8) BRUNNER, H. Quantitative separation of theobromine
and caffeine.
Schweiz. Wochens. 32, 126; Chem. Centrbl. 1894 932.
32
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1894: (9) HILGER and EMINGER. Estimation of theobromine in
cocoa.
Forschungsber. Lebensm. 1, 292; Chem. Centrbl. 1894, ii,
462; J. Chem. Soc. 68, ii, 542.
1894: (10) STEDER, W. Estimation of alkaloids in cortex
granati.
Nederl. Tijds. Pharm. 6, 39; Chem. Centrbl, 1894, i, 606.
1894: (11) CUSHMAN, A. S. Detection and estimation of strych-
nine in corpses.
Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, 6, 17; Chem. Centrbl. 1894, ii,
461; J. Chem. Soc. 68, ii, 542.
1894: (12) DOTT, D. B. Assay of opium. Acid titration.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 24, 847; J. Chem. Soc. 70, ii, 283;
Apoth. Ztg. 4, 795; Rep. de Pharm. 1894, 509.
1894: (13) KELLER, C. C. Estimation of hydrastine, gravi-
metric.
Apoth. Ztg. 1894, 52 and 133; Am. J. Pharm, 1894, 201;
Proc. A. Ph. A. 1894, 546.
1894: (14) LEINS, H. Estimation of caffeine and theobromine.
Inaug.-Dissert. Lausanne, 1894, pp. 12 and 44; Guareschi,
Einführung in das studium der Alkaloide. p. 405.
1895: (1) KEBLER, L. F. Estimation of morphine in opium.
J. Soc. Chem. Ind. 14, 464; Ber. d. Chem. Ges. 29, 146, R;
J. Chem. Soc. 70, ii, 403; Chem. Centrbl. 1895, ii, 257.
1895: (2) VEDRÖDI, V. Estimation of nicotine and ammonia in
tobacco.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 34, 413; J. Chem. Soc. 68, ii, 541.
1895: (3) KISSLING, R. Estimation of nicotine and ammonia in
tobacco.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 34, 731; J. Chem. Soc. 70, ii, 401.
1895: (4) SOKOLOFF. Estimation of caffeine in tea.
Rev. intern. falsific. 8, 84; Chem. Centrbl. 1895, i, 450.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
33
1895: (5) CRIPPS, R. A. Assay of ipecac.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 25, 1093; J. Chem. Soc. 70, ii, 284.
1895: (6) UMNEY, J. C. Volumetric estimation of aconitine in
pharmaceutical preparations; saponification and estima-
tion of acid produced.
Pharm. J. Trans. (3) 25, 860; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1895, 539; J.
Chem. Soc. 70, ii, 283.
1895: (7) KEBLER and LA WALL. Volumetric estimation of
alkaloids, with comparison of various indicators.
Am. J. Pharm. 1895, 499; Jsb. d. Pharm. 1895, 408; Proc.
A. Ph. A. 1896, 798
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 17, 822; J. Chem. Soc. 70, ii, 551;
Chem. Centrbl, 1895, ii, 1090.
1895: (8) VAN LEDDEN-HULSEBOSCH. Estimation of alkaloids.
Pharm. Centralh. 16, 205; Ber. d. chem, Ges. 28, 1066, R.
1895: (9) KELLER, C. C. Estimations of alkaloids in nux
vomica.
Schweiz. Wochens. 33, 452; Chem. Centrbl. 1896, i, 228;
J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 84; Chem. Ztg. 19, Ref. 392;
Einf. Stud. Alk. p. 504.
1895: (10) MENDINI, A. Estimation of emetine.
Boll. chim.-farm. 1895, 590; Rep. de Pharm. 1895, 515.
1895: (11) KELLER, C. C. Estimation of cocaine.
Schweiz. Wochens. 33, 453; Guareschi Einf. Stud. Alk.
1896, 492.
1895: (12) GERMAN PHARMACOPOEIA: Assay of cinchona.
Arzneibuch f. d. deutsche Reich, 1895, p. 79.
20 gm. of finely powdered bark are shaken vigorously and repeatedly
with 10 c. c. ammonia, 20 c. c. alcohol and 170 c. c. ether, and after 24
hours 100 c. c. of the clear liquid is decanted. Add to this 3 c. c. normal
hydrochloric acid and 27 c. c. water, and distill off the ether and alcohol,
and if necessary, add enough normal hydrochloric acid to make slightly
acid. When cold, add 3 c. c. normal caustic potash, or enough to redden
phenolphthalein, and filter. The precipitate is washed repeatedly with
small amounts of water until the washings are no longer alkaline (to
phenolphthalein). Press gently with filter paper, and dry, first over
sulphuric acid, then at 100° and weigh.
34
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1895: (13) GERMAN PHARMACOPOEIA. Assay of opium.
Arzneibuch. f. d. deutsche Reich, 1895, p. 236.
Rub up in a mortar 6 gms. powdered opium with 6 c. c. water; dilute,
and wash the mixture with water into a weighed fiask, and make up to
weight of 54 gms. Shake repeatedly during an hour, and filter through
a plaited filter of 10 c. m. diameter. To 42 gm. of the filtrate add 2 gm.
of a mixture of 17 parts ammonia and 83 parts water, mix well but avoid
excessive shaking, and filter at once through plaited filter. 36 gms. of
this filtrate is placed in a tared flask, 10 gm. ether is added, the flask is
shaken, and 4 gm of the ammonia diluted as above, and the shaking
continued until the liquid has cleared. It is then allowed to stand 6
hours. Pour off the ethereal layer as completely as possible on to a
plain filter of 8 c. m. diameter, to the aqueous liquid add 10 gm. ether,
agitate a few minutes and again pour off the ether. Then pour the water
on the filter, at the same time transferring the crystals; wash twice
with 5 gm. water saturated with ether. Dry the filter at 100°, transfer
crystals completely to the flask. Dry to constant weight and weigh.
1895: (14) VAN ITALLIE. Valuation of narcotic extracts.
Runds. für Pharm. 21, 327; Rep. de Pharm. 1895, 359.
1896: (1) PRESCOTT, A. B. Periodides of the alkaloids as
molecular forms for estimation.
Pharm. Rund. 1896, 123; Proc. A. Ph. A. 1896, 800; J. Am.
Chem. Soc 17, 859.
1896: (2) BECKURTS, H. and FRERICHS, G. Estimation of alka-
loids in pharmaceutical extracts.
Apoth. Ztg. 11, 916; Chem. Centrbl. 1897, i. 205.
1896: (3) KELLER. Process for alkaloidal assay.
Oest. Ztschr. Pharm. 1896, 154.
1896: (4) KIPPENBERGER, K. New method for quantitative
isolation of alkaloids from ptomains, using periodide,
acetone, etc.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 35, 407; Ber. d. Chem. Ges. 22, 1009,
R; J. Chem. Soc. 70, ii, 681; Chem. Centrbl. 1896,
ii, 761.
1896: (5) KIPPENBERGER, K. Titration of alkaloids with iodine
solution.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 34, 294; and 35, 10 and 422; Ber. d.
chem. Ges. 28, 796; 29, 598 and 1010, R; J. Chem.
68, ii, 467, and 70, ii, 282 and 682; Chem. Centrbl.
1896, i, 515 and ii, 762.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
35
1896: (6) BECKURTS, H. Estimation of hydrastine and ber-
berine in extractum hydrastis canadensis.
1896:
Apoth. Ztg. 11, 552; Chem. Centrbl. 1896, ii, 565; Rep.
de Pharm. 1896, 413.
(7) HEGLAND, J. M. A. Separation and estimation of
hydrastine.
Nederl. Tijds. Pharm. 8, 197; Chem. Centrbl. 1896, ii, 454.
1896: (8) ALLEN, A. H. Titration of quinine, and its relation
to indicators.
Chem. and Drug. 1896, 22; Analyst, 21, 85; J. Chem. Soc.
70, ii, 584; Chem. Centrbl. 1896, i, 1146.
1896: (9) KRAMERS, I. G. Estimation of quinine salts by means
of sodium nitroprusside.
Rec. Trav. chim., 15, 138; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 83; Chem.
Centrbl. 1896, ii, 602.
1896: (10) HOWARD, D. Estimation of quinine.
Pharm. J. Trans. (4) 3, 505; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 391.
1896: (11) VEDRÖDI, V. Estimation of nicotine and ammonia in
tobacco.
Ztschr. anal. Chem. 35, 309; J. Chem. Soc. 70, ii, 631;
Chem. Centrbl. 1896, ii, 367.
1896: (12) LOOFF, G. Estimation of morphine in opium, gravi-
metric.
J. Pharm. Chim. (6) 4, 312; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 293;
Chem. Centrbl. 1896, i, 1033; Rep. de Pharm. 1896, 310.
1896: (13) GUNN, A. Rapid and accurate estimation of total
alkaloids in coca leaves.
Pharm. J. Trans. (4) 3, 249; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 294; Chem.
Centrbl. 1896, ii, 1012; Rep. de Pharm. 1896, 512.
1896: (14) PUCKNER, W. A. Estimation of caffeine.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 18, 978; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 390.
1896: (15) VAN LEDDEN-HULSEBOSCH. Estimation of caffeine
in tea, gravimetric.
Pharm. Centralh. 36, 742; Chem. Centrbl. 1896, i, 332; J.
Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 83.
36
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1896: (16) GANE. Caffeine in tea.
J. Soc. Chem. Ind. 15, 95; J. Chem. Soc. 74, ii, 100; Chem,
Centrbl. 1896, i, 873.
1896: (17) GOMBERG, M. Use of Wagner's reagent for estima-
tion of caffeine.
J. Am. Soc. 18, 331 and 347; J. Chem. Soc. 72, i, 129;
Chem. Centrbl. 1896, i, 1075.
1896: (18) PETIT, A. and TERRAT, P. Estimation of caffeine
in tea.
J. Pharm. Chim. 3, 529; J. Chem. Soc. 70, ii, 629; Bull.
Soc. Chim. Paris, 15, 811; Chem. Centrbl. 1896, ii, 214.
1896: (19) DELACOUR. Estimation of caffeine in tea, coffee, etc.
Gravimetric.
J. Pharm. Chim. (6) 4, 490; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 293.
1896: (20) EMINGER, A. Estimation of theobromine in cacao
preparations.
Forschungsber. Lebensm. 3, 275; Chem. Centrbl. 1896, ii,
808.
1896: : (21) DOTT, D. B. Opium assay.
J. Soc. Chem. Ind 15, 91; J. Chem. Soc. 74, ii, 100.
1896: (22)
Assay of ipecac.
Pharm. Centralh, 1896, 763.
1896: (23) SMITH, C. E. Assay of nux vomica. Volumetric.
Am. J. Pharm. 68, No. 4; Apoth. Ztg. 1896, 386.
1896: (24) ESCHENBURG, H. Assay of cinchona.
Apoth. Ztg. 1896. 147; Rep. de Pharm. 1896, 215.
1896: (25) GEORGES. Estimation of caffeine.
J. Pharm. Chim. 1896, July 15; Rep. de Pharm. 1896, 401;
Viertelj. Fortsch. Chem. Nahrungsm. 12, 47; Ztschr.
österr. Apot. V. 1897, 91; Chem. Centrbl. 1897, ii, 506.
1896: (26) KEBLER, L. F. Assay of cinchona, comparison of
methods.
Am. J. Pharm. 1896, 79; Rep. de Pharm. 1896, 508.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
37
1896: (27) DUNSTAN and TICKLE. Estimation of aconitine.
Decomposition, distillation, and titration of acetic acid
formed.
Pharm. J. Trans. (4) 2, 121; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 294.
1897: (1) TASSILLY, E. Estimation of caffeine in coffee.
Bull. Soc. Chim. (3) 17, 761; Chem. Centrbl. 1897, ii. 643.
1897: (2) FORSTER, A. and RIECHELMAN, R. Estimation of
caffeine in coffee.
Ztschr. f. öffentl. Chem. 3, 129; Chem. Centrbl. 1897, i,
1259.
1897: (3) KELLER, C. C. Estimation of caffeine in tea.
Ber. d. pharm. Ges. 7, 105; Chem. Centrbl. 1897, i, 1134.
1897: (4) HILGER and JUCKENACK. Estimation of caffeine in
tea and coffee.
Apoth. Ztg. 12, 145 and 422; J. Pharm. Chim. (6) 6, 184
and 190; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 611.
1897: (5) MAUPY, L. Estimation of theobromine in cocoa and
chocolate.
J. Pharm. Chim. (6) 5, 329; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 531;
Chem. Centrbl. 1897, i, 1077.
1897: (6) FARR, E. H. and WRIGHT, R. Estimation of alka-
loids.
Pharm. J. Trans. 1897, 58, 202; J. Chem. Soc. 74, 101.
1897: (7) FOUQUET, L. Separation of codeine and morphine,
with anisoil.
J. Pharm. Chim. (6) 5, 49; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 390;
Chem. Centrbl. 1897, i, 342.
1897: (8) MONTEMARTINI and TRASCIATTI. Estimation of mor-
phine in opium.
1897:
Gaz, chim, ital. 27, ii, 302; Chem. Centrbl. 1897, ii, 1165.
(9) GRANDVAL and LAJOUX. Estimation of morphine in
opium and opiates.
J. Pharm. Chim. (6) 5, 153; J. Chem. Soc. 72, ii, 391.
38
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1898: (1) WENTZKY, O. Assay of drugs. Resumé of processes
|
since 1880.
Apoth.-Ztg. 13, pp. 6, 15, 29, 36, 43 and 75.
1898: (2) TRILLICH and GOECKEL. Estimation of caffeine.
Pharm. Ztg. 42, 53; Pharm. J. Trans. (4) 6, 316.
1898: (3)
(3) BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA. Assay of belladonna.
Pharm. J. Trans. (4) 6, 368.
Shake 10 c. c. of the fluid extract with 10 c. c. of chloroform, 50 c. c.
of water, and a decided excess of ammonia; separate the chloroformic
solution and twice repeat the agitation and separation with chloroform.
Shake the mixed chloroformic solutions with 5 c. c. of diluted sulphuric
acid, mixed with twice its volume of warm water, separate, and repeat
the operation. Wash the mixed acid liquids with 3 c. c. of chloroform,
then agitate with 10 c. c. of chloroform and an excess of ammonia. Sep-
arate the chloroformic solution, twice repeat the agitation and separa-
tion with chloroform, wash the mixed chloroformic solutions with 5 c. c.
of water containing 1 drop of solution of ammonia, evaporate on a water
bath, dry the residue at 100° C., and weigh. Next dissolve the residue
in 10 c. c. of decinormal hydrochloric acid, neutralize with centinormal
sodium hydroxide, using tincture of cochineal as an indicator, deduct the
measure of soda solution from 100 c. c., and multiply the remainder by
.00287. The product will be the weight in grams of alkaloids present in
10 c. c. of fluid extract.
1898: (4) BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA. Assay of cinchona, tincture
or fluid extract.
Pharm. J. Trans. (4) 6, 368.
Place 5 c. c. of the fluid extract in a stoppered glass separator,
together with 25 c. c. of water, 30 c. c. of benzolated amyl alcohol, and
15 c. c. of solution of potassium hydroxide. After shaking repeatedly,
the lower dark-colored alkaline layer that separates is run off and again
shaken with 30 c. c. of benzolated amyl alcohol, the lower layer that now
separates being rejected. The two upper layers containing the alkaloids
in solution are then mixed, washed with a little water, and agitated
thoroughly with 30 c. c. of a warm mixture of 1 volume of diluted hydro-
chloric acid and 5 volumes of water. This operation is repeated with
the alcoholic liquor that separates, and the two acid layers are subse-
quently mixed. The alkaloids are then shaken out with 10 c. c. of chloro-
form and sufficient solution of ammonia to impart a strongly alkaline
reaction; the agitation and separation repeated with two successive
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
39
quantities of 10 c. c. of chloroform, the chloroformic liquids mixed,
evaporated slowly, the residue dried at 110° C., and the residual alka-
loids weighed.
1898: (5)
(5) BRITISH PHARMACOPŒIA.
extract.
Pharm. J. Trans. (4) 6, 369.
Assay of ipecac, fluid
Dilute 20 c. c. of the extract with an equal bulk of water, remove
the alcohol by the aid of a water bath, add to the warm solution an
excess of solution of lead subacetate, filter, wash the precipitate with
water, and add the washings to the filtrate. Remove excess of lead from
filtrate by precipitation with dilute sulphuric acid, filter, wash, and add
the washings to the filtrate. Transfer filtrate to a separator, add excess
of solution of ammonia (s. g. 0.959), and agitate with 25 c. c. of chloro-
form. Separate and set aside the chloroformic solution, and twice
repeat the agitation with chloroform and the subsequent separation.
Then mix the chloroformic solutions, evaporate, dry at a temperature
below 80° C., and weigh the residue of total alkaloids.
1898: (6)
(6) BRITISH PHARMACOPŒIA. Assay of nux vomica, fluid
extract.
Pharm. J. Trans. (4) 6, 369.
Evaporate 10 c. c. to a thick syrup on a water-bath, dissolve the resi-
due in 20 c. c. of water, heating if necessary, place the solution in a sep-
arator, and shake out with 5 gm. of sodium carbonate dissolved in 25 c
c. of water, together with 10 c. c. of chloroform. Separate, and twice
repeat the operation with chloroform only. Then mix 6 c. c. of dilute
sulphuric acid with 25 c. c. of water, divide the mixture into three parts,
and shake the mixed chloroformic solutions with each in turn. Mix the
acid liquids, dilute with water to 175 c. c. and shake well and frequently
in a stoppered flask during half an hour with 25 c. c. of potassium ferro-
cyanide solution (10 gms. in 200 c. c.) The precipitate formed is trans-
ferred to a filter, the flask rinsed with water containing one-fortieth its
volume of dilute sulphuric acid and the precipitate washed till the wash-
ings are free from bitterness. Next shake the precipitate in a separator
with 5 c. c. of solution of ammonia, add 15 c. c. of chloroform in two
successive solutions, evaporate in a counterpoised dish in a current of
warm air, the dish being covered to avoid loss of strychnine. The resi-
due is dried for 1 hour on a water-bath, and then weighed.
40
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
1898: (7) BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA. Assay of opium tincture.
Pharm. J. Trans. (4) 6, 380.
Evaporate 80 c. c. to 30 c. c. mixing the residue with 3 gm. of freshly-
slaked lime, adding water to 85 c. c., and setting aside for half an hour,
stirring occassionally. Next, filter off 50 c. c. of the tincture, add 5 c. c.
of 90% alcohol and 30 c. c. of ether, shake, and add 2 gm. of ammonium
chloride. Shake well and frequently during half an hour, set aside for
12 hours for the morphine to separate, filter, wash with morphinated
water, and dry the crystals first by gentle pressure between filter paper,
then at 55° or 60° C., and finally at 110° C. for two hours. Weigh the
crystals, and titrate 0.3 gm. with decinormal solution of sulphuric acid
until the liquid, after boiling, slightly reddens blue litmus paper. Add
to the weight of anhydrous morphine, thus indicated, 0.05 gm. to cover
loss.
PART II.-INDEX OF AUTHORS.
ADRIAN and GALLOIS.
1887.
(16) Opium.
ALESSANDRİ. 1882. (5) Cinchona alkaloids.
ALLEN, A. H. 1891. (8)
Aconite.
1892. (2)
Use of methyl orange.
66
1892. (3)
Volumetric estimation.
1896. (8) Titration of quinine.
ARNDT, E. M. 1890. (18) Emetine.
BARTHE L. 1892. (5) Volumetric estimation.
66
1892. (6) Quinine and cinchona alkaloids.
BARTHEL, G. and DIETERICH, E. 1888. (13) Morphine.
BECK, C. R. 1892. (17) Ipecac.
BECKURTS, H.
66
66
66
1887. (9) Morphine.
1889. (2) Strychnine, brucine, and general process.
1890. (5) Strychnine.
1891. (9) Nux vomica, aconite, belladonna and hyos-
cyamus.
1894. (4) General process.
1896. (6) Hydrastine and berberine.
and FRERICHS. 1896. (2) General process.
HOLST. 1887. (25)
Strychnine and brucine.
66
1887. (26) Strychnine, alkalimetric.
SCHRAVT. 1887 (11) Morphine.
BERNHARDT, W. 1884. (2) Morphine.
BIEL, J. 1882. (6) Cinchona.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
41
BIEL, J. 1887. (21) Morphine.
1888. (8) Nicotine.
BIÉTRIX and CAZENEUVE. 1892. (15) Caffeine.
BIRD, F. C. J.
(6
1887. (10) Morphine.
1892. (10) Emetine.
BLUNT, T. P. 1889. (10) Emetine.
(6
1890. (13)
Emetine, alkalimetric.
Caffeine.
1881. (7)
Quinine.
BLYTH, A. W. 1877. (1)
(6
BRAITHWAITE and FARR.
BRUNNER, H. 1894. (8)
(6
1886. (14) Morphine.
Caffeine and theobromine.
and LEINS, H. 1893. (10) Caffeine and theobromine.
CANNEPIN and VAN EIJK. 1893. (12) Morphine.
CARLES. 1872. (2) Quinine.
CASPARI, C. and DOHME, R. L. 1893. (17) Assay by titration.
CAVENDONI. 1888. (14) General process.
CAZENEUVE and CAILLOL. 1877. (2) Piperine.
66
(C
BIÉTRIX. 1892. (15) Caffeine.
CHRISTIANSEN, A. 1890. (4) General process, iodometric.
CLAASEN, E. 1890. (12) Codeine and morphine.
COBLENTZ. 1885. (2) Atropine.
CONROY, M. 1883. (4) Strychnine.
(6
1884. (1) Morphine.
COWNLEY and PAUL. 1887. (27) Caffeine in coffee.
66
66
1887. (28) Caffeine in tea.
CRIPPS, R. A. 1887. (32) Coniine.
66
1895. (5) Emetine.
and WITHBY, A. 1889. (17) Emetine.
CUSHMAN, A. S. 1894. (11) Strychnine in corpses.
DELACOUR. 1896. (19) Caffeine.
DE VRIJ, J. E. 1880. (6) Quinine as herapathite.
1882. (2)
General process for barks.
1882. (3)
Quinine as herapathite.
1885. (6)
Quinine as oxalate.
66
1885. (7)
Cinchonidine in quinine sulphate.
1885. (8)
Quinine in sulphate.
66
1885. (9)
Cinchona alkaloids.
66
1886. (12) Quinine as chromate.
DE WIJS, B. C. J. 1893. (11) Morphine.
DIETERICH, E. 1885.
1885. (18) Morphine.
+
42
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
DIETERICH. E. 1887. (12) Morphine.
1887. (24) Strychnine.
166
66
1889. (1) Morphine.
1890. (10) Morphine.
1890. (11) Morphine and emetine.
1894. (5) Discussion of methods.
and BARTHEL. 1888. (13) Morphine.
DOHME, R. L. and CASPARI, C. 1893. (17) Assay by titration.
1892. (14) Caffeine.
DOMERGUE and NICOLAS.
DOTT, D. B. 1894. (12)
66
1896. (21)
Morphine, alkalimetric.
Opium assay.
DRAGENDORFF. 1874. (2) Strychnine.
1878. (4) Theobromine.
DUNSTAN, W. R. and SHORT. 1883. (5) Strychnine.
66
1883. (6) Strychnine and brucine.
and RANSOM. 1884. (7) Atropine.
1885. (1) Atropine.
66
and TICKLE. 1896. (27) Aconitine.
DWARS. 1878. (5) Quinine
1
1879. (1) Quinine and strychnine.
EGELING. 1890. (3) Strychnine.
EMINGER, A. 1896. (20) Theobromine.
66
and HILGER. 1894.
1894. (9) Theobromine.
ESCHENBURG, H. 1896. (24) Cinchona.
EYKMAN. 1881. (8) Cinchona,
FAIRTHORNE. 1882. (13) Cinchona.
FARR, E. H. and BRAITHWAITE. 1886. (14) Morphine.
66
and WRIGHT, R. 1894. (2)
66
Discussion of methods.
1897. (6)
Estimation of alkaloids.
FAWSSETT. 1889. (13) Cinchona.
FLEURY, G. 1879. (8) Morphine.
FLUECKIGER, F. A. 1879. (9) Morphine.
66
1885. (17)
Morphine.
1886. (17) Emetine.
1889. (5) Morphine.
FORSTER and RIECHELMANN. 1897. (2) Caffeine.
FOUQUET, L. 1897. (7) Codeine and morphine.
FRERICHS, G. and BECKURTS. 1896. (2) General process.
GALLOIS and ADRIAN. 1887. (16) Morphine.
GANE. 1896. (16) Caffeine.
1
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
43
GEORGES. 1896. (25) Caffeine.
GEROCK, J. E. 1889. (6) Brucine and strychnine.
GERRARD, A. W. 1882.
(12) Atropine.
Morphine.
GOEBEL, H. 1887. (17)
1889. (3)
Quinine and cinchonidine.
GŒCKEL and TRILLICH. 1898. (2) Caffeine.
GOMBERG, M. 1896. (17) Caffeine.
GRANDVAL, A., and LAJOUX, H. 1893. (6) Caffeine.
(6
66
1893. (18) General process.
1893. (19)
1897. (9)
Emetine, cocaine, and cin-
chona.
Morphine.
GROVES, T. B. 1864.
GUILLOT. 1892. (16)
GUNN, A. 1896. (13)
HAGER. 1880. (4)
66
1881. (2)
1883. (1)
General process.
Caffeine.
Coca alkaloids.
Cinchona alkaloids.
Alkaloids as picrates.
Method of extraction.
HAUBENSAK, W. 1891. (4) Cinchona.
HEGLAND, J. M. A. 1896. (7) Hydrastine.
HEINTZ, E. 1878. (2) Method of extraction.
HERETH, F. S. 1886. (1) Method of titration.
HESSE, O. 1880. (7)
1881. (6)
HEUT, G. 1893. (13)
HILBIG, C. 1880. (5)
HILGER and EMINGER.
(6
Quinine.
Cinchonidine.
Coniine and nicotine.
Cinchona.
1894. (9) Theobromine.
JUCKENACK. 1897. (4) Caffeine.
HINSDALE, S. J. 1890. (4) Morphine.
HOLDERMAN. 1889. (9) Morphine, iodometric.
HOLST and BECKURTS. 1887. (25) Strychnine and brucine.
1887. (26) Strychnine.
HOOPER, D. 1886. (10) Quinine.
HOWARD, D. 1896. (10) Quinine.
JANDONS, A. 1887. (20) Morphine.
JOHNSTONE, W. 1889. (11) Piperine.
JONES, H. W. 1886. (16) Emetine.
JUCKENACK and HILGER. 1897. (4) Caffeine.
KASPAR. 1886. (11) Cinchona.
KEBLER, L. F. 1895. (1) Morphine.
44
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
KEBLER, L. F. 1896. (26) Cinchona.
66
and LA WALL. 1895. (7) Volumetric process.
KELLER, C. C. 1892. (12) Emetine.
66
66
1893. (1)
(1) Cinchona.
1893. (2) Emetine.
1893. (3) Emetine.
1893. (4) Strychnine.
1893. (7) Strychnine.
1894. (1) General process.
1894. (13) Hydrastine.
1895. (9) Strychnine.
1895. (11) Cocaine.
1896. (3) General process.
1897. (3) Caffeine.
KERNER, G. 1880. (8) Quinine.
KIPPENBERGER, K. 1896. (4) Separation of alkaloids from ptomaines.
1896. (5) General iodometric process.
66
KISSEL. 1882. (4) Cinchona.
KISSLING, R. 1882. (10) Nicotine.
(6
1882. (11) Nicotine.
1883. (2)
Nicotine.
1889. (9)
Nicotine, polariscopic.
1895. (3) Nicotine and ammonia.
KOTTMEYER, G. 1892. (11) Emetine.
KRAMERS, I. G. 1896. (9) Quinine.
KREMEL, A. 1887. (3) Aconite.
1887. (14) Morphine.
66
1888. (1)
66
1888. (2)
Emetine, hydrastine and berberine.
Strychnine.
66
1888. (7) Caffeine.
1891. (10) Coniine.
KUNZE, W. E. 1894. (6) Caffeine and theobromine.
KUERSTEINER, C. 1892. (8) Cinchona.
LAJOUX, H. and GRANDVAL, A. 1893. (6)
66
Caffeine.
1893. (18)
General process.
1893. (19)
Emetine, cocaine, and cin-
chona.
1897. (9) Morphine.
LALIEN. 1885. (15) Morphine.
LAMBERT, A. 1891. (1) Morphine.
LANDRIN. 1889 (18) Cinchona.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
45
LANGLOIS and PORTES.
LA WALL and KEBLER.
LEINS, H. 1894. (14)
and BRUNNER,
LENZ, W. 1888. (4)
LIEUNNIGH, F. 1893.
1881. (1) Morphine.
1895. (7) Comparison of indicators.
Caffeine and theobromine.
H. 1893. (10) Caffeine and theobromine.
Quinine, comparison of methods.
(22) General process.
LIGNON. 1987. (33) Emetine.
LILLY. 1887. (2) Atropine, and general process.
LLOYD, J. U. 1885. (11) Berberine.
66
1891. (2) General process.
LOOFF, G. 1890. (7)
Morphine.
1890. (8) Morphine.
1896. (12) Morphine.
LŒESCH, A. 1879. (5)
(5)
General process.
66
1879.
(6)
(6) General process.
1887.
(31) Caffeine.
LYNN, J. 1876. (3) Morphine.
LYONS, A. B. 1884. (6) General process.
1885. (12) Emetine.
66
1885. (13) Strychnine.
66
1886. (3) Berberine.
1886. (4) Hydrastine.
1886. (5) Physostigmine.
66
1886. (6) Strychnine.
66
1886. (7) Discussion of methods.
1886. (8)
Cocaine.
66
1886. (9)
Cinchona.
MACEWEN. 1887. (34) Physostigmine.
MARKOWNIKOFF, B W. 1876. (2) Caffeine.
MASING, E. 1877. (3) Veratrine and physostigmine.
MAUPY, L. 1897. (5) Theobromine.
MEINERT and WRAMPELMEIER. 1886. (18) Opium.
MENDINI, A. 1895. (10) Emetine.
MEYER, H. 1882. (7) Cinchona.
1
MEYER, A. 1893. (5) Emetine.
MONTEMARTINI and TRASCIATTI.
1897. (8) Morphine.
MYLIUS, E. 1880. (9) Opium alkaloids.
1881. (10) Morphine.
NAGELVOORT, J. B. 1890. (22) Morphine.
NEUMAN, S. 1889. (14) Quinine.
46.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
NICHOLS, H. T, and NORTON, T. H. 1892. (1) Examination of Lloyd's
NICOLAS and DOMERGUE. 1892. (14) Caffeine.
PARTHEIL, A. 1892. (4) Iodo-eosin as indicator.
PATRONOUILLARD, 1880. (3) Caffeine.
PAUL, B. H. 1891. (6) Caffeine.
(6
method.
and COWNLEY. 1887. (27) Caffeine in'coffee.
66
n
1887. (28) Caffeine in tea.
PETIT, A. 1879. (7) Morphine.
66
and TERRAT, P. 1896. (18) Caffeine.
PEZZOLATO, A. 1891 (7) Nicotine.
PHARMACOPŒIA, British. 1885. (19) Cinchona.
66
1885. (20) Nux vomica.
1885. (21) Opium.
66
66
1898. (3)
Belladonna.
66
1898. (4)
Cinchona.
1898. (5)
Ipecac.
1
66
1898. (6)
Nux vomica.
1898. (7)
Opium.
U. S.
1890. (19)
Cinchona.
1890. (20)
Nux vomica.
1890. (21) Opium.
German. 1895. (12) Cinchona.
(6
1895. (13) Opium.
PINETTE, J. 1892. (9) Nicotine.
PLUGGE, P. C. 1887. (1) General volumetric process.
1887. (13) Separation of opium alkaloids.
POEHL. 1881. (9) Pilocarpine.
POPOVICI, M. 1889. (8) Nicotine.
PORTES and LANGLOIS. 1881. (1) Morphine.
PRESCOTT, A. B. 1877. (5) Quinine.
PROLLIUS.
1879. (11) Morphine.
1880. (1) General process.
1896. (1) Periodides.
and THUM. 1878. (1) Cinchona, comparison of methods.
1881.
(4) Cinchona.
PRUNIER, L. 1879. (3) Cinchona.
PUCKNER, W. A. 1896. (14) Caffeine.
RANSOM, F. 1887. (5) Emetine.
and DUNSTAN. 1884. (7) Belladonna.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
47
RANSOM, F. and DUNSTAN. 1885. (1) Belladonna.
RANWEZ. 1893. (16) Aconite, hyoscyamus and cicuta.
REDWORD. 1884. (8) Belladonna.
RICHMOND and SEATON. 1890. (6) Quinine.
RIECHELMANN and FORSTER. 1897. (2) Caffeine.
ROTHER. 1880. (11) Opium.
RUDDIMAN, E. A. 1887. (22) Quinine.
SARNOW and SCHWEISSINGER. 1890. (2) General process.
SCHACHT, C. 1881. (5) Quinine.
SCHÆFER, L. 1887. (23) Cinchonidine.
SCHEFFER, E. 1885. (5) Nicotine.
SCHEIBE, E. 1883. (7) Morphine.
SCHEIBLER. 1886. (2) General process.
SCHLICKUM, O. 1887. (15) Morphine.
SCHMIDT, J. H. 1892. (7) Quinine
SCHMITT, E. 1880. (10) Opium.
SCHRAGE, F. 1878. (3) Cinchona.
66
SCHRAUT, A., and BECKURTS, H. 1887. (11) Morphine.
SCHWEISSINGER. 1885. (14) Strychnine and brucine.
and SARNOW. 1890. (2) General process.
SCHWICKERATH, K. 1894. (3) General process.
SEATON and RICHMOND. 1890. (6) Quinine.
SHIMOYANO, Y. 1883. (3) Cinchona.
1885. (10) Cinchona.
SHORT and DUNSTAN. 1883. (5) Strychnine.
1883. (6) Strychnine and brucine.
SKALWEIT, J. 1981. (3) Nicotine.
66
1882. (9) Nicotine.
SMITH, E. D.
1887. (29) Caffeine.
SMITH, C. E.
SMITH, J. D.,
SNOW, H. W.
66
1896. (23) Nux vomica.
and TESCHEMACHER, E. F. 1888. (11) Morphine.
1886. (13) Caffeine.
1887. (6)
Emetine.
1888. (5)
General process, Mayer's reagent.
1888. (6)
66
SOKOLOFF, N. 1876. (1)
1889. (7)
General process, phospho-molybdic acid.
Strychnine and brucine.
Caffeine.
66.
1893. (8) Caffeine.
1895. (4) Caffeine.
SPENCER, G. L. 1890. (15) Caffeine.
(6
1891.
(5) Caffeine.
48
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
SQUIBB, E. R. 1882. (1) Morphine.
661
1882. (8) Cinchona.
1884. (4) Cocaine.
1884. (5) Caffeine.
66
1
1885. (3) Atropine.
1885. (4) Cocaine.
1887. (4) Cocaine.
1887. (19) Morphine.
1888. (9) Cocaine.
1888. (10) Morphine.
STILWELL, C. M. 1887. (8) Morphine.
STODER, W. 1894. (10) Cortex granati.
SUESS, P. 1890. (16) Theobromine.
1893. (9) Theobromine.
TASSILLY, E. 1897. (1) Caffeine.
TERRAT, P., and PETIT, A. 1896. (18) Caffeine.
TESCHEMACHER, E. F. 1877. (4) Morphine.
THIEL, J. 1894.
THOMPSON, F. A.
(6
and SMITH, J. D. 1888. (11) Morphine.
(7) Theobromine.
1890. (17) Coniine.
1891. (3) General process.
1893. (15) Hydrastine and berberine.
THRESH, J. C. 1880. (2) Volumetric method.
THUM and PRESCOTT. 1878 (9) Cinchona.
TICKLE and DUNSTAN. 1896. (27) Aconitine.
TRASCIATTI and MONTEMARTINI. 1897. (8) Morphine.
TRAUB. 1892. (13) General iodometric process.
TRILLICH and GŒECKEL. 1898. (2) Caffeine.
UMNEY, J. C. 1895. (6) Aconitine.
VAN DER MARK. 1889. (12) Cocaine.
66
1889. (16) Strychnine.
VAN EIJK and CANNEPIN. 1893. (12) Morphine.
VAN ITALLIE. 1888. (15) Atropine.
1889. (15) Alkalimetric process.
1890. (1)
Alkalimetric process.
1895. (14) General process.
VAN LEDDEN-HULSEBOSCH. 1893. (21) General process.
66
1895. (8) General process.
1896. (15) Caffeine.
}
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
49
VAN ZWALUWENBERG, A. 1887. (7) Bibliography of opium assay.
Nicotine, comparison of methods.
VEDRŒDI, V. 1893. (14)
1895. (2)
Nicotine and ammonia.
1896. (11)
Nicotine and ammonia.
VENTURINI, V
1886. (15) Morphine, comparison of methods.
VITALI, D. 1893. (20) General process for chlorides and sulphates.
VITÉ, F. 1890. (14) Caffeine.
VON PERGER. 1884. (3) Morphine.
WAAGE, TH. 1887. (30) Caffeine.
WAGNER. 1861. Periodide method.
WAINWRIGHT. 1885. (16) Morphine.
WENTZKY, O. 1898. (1) Resumè of processes.
WIEDA. 1888. (3) Cinchona, resume of 25 processes.
WILEY, C. D. 1887. (18) Morphine.
WILLIAMS, R. 1888. (12) Morphine.
WITHBY, A., and CRIPPS, R. A. 1889. (17) Emetine.
WOLFRAM, G. 1879. (4) Theobromine.
WRAMPELMEIER and MEINERT. 1886. (18)
WRIGHT, R., and FARR, E. H.
66
YVON. 1879. (2) Morphine.
1894. (2)
Opium.
Discussion of methods.
1897. (6) General process.
ZINOFFSKY. 1872. (1) General volumetric method.
""
1874. (1) Coniine.
PART III-SUBJECT INDEX.
ACONITINE. 1887. (3) Kremel.
66
'91. (8) Allen.
66
'95. (6) Umney.
'96. (27) Dunstan and Tickle.
ATROPINE. 1882. (12) Gerrard.
'84. (7)
Dunstan and Ransom.
'84. (8)
Redword.
'85. (1)
Dunstan and Ransom.
'85. (2)
Coblentz.
66
'85. (3)
Squibb.
66
'88. (15)
Van Itallie.
'98.
(3)
British Pharmacopolia.
50
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
BERBERINE. 1885. (11) Lloyd.
((
66
'86. (3)
Lyons.
'88. (1) Kremel.
'93. (15) Thompson.
'96. (6) Beckurts.
BRUCINE. 1883.
(6)
Dunstan and Short.
'85. (14)
Schweissinger.
(6
'87. (25)
Beckurts and Holst.
'89. (2)
Beckurts.
(6
'89. (6)
Gerock.
66
'89. (7) Snow.
See also strychnine.
CAFFEINE. 1876. (2)
Markownikoff.
66
77. (1)
Blyth.
66
'80. (3)
Patronouillard.
66
'84. (5)
Squibb.
'86. (13)
Snow.
'87. (27)
Cownley and Paul.
'87. (28)
Cownley and Paul.
""
'87. (29) E. D. Smith.
'87. (30) Waage.
66
'87. (31) Loesch.
66
'88. (7) Kremel.
'90. (14) Vitè.
66
'90. (15) Spencer.
'91. (5) Spencer.
66
'91. (6) Paul.
'92. (14) Domergue and Nicolas.
'92. (15) Cazeneuve and Biètrix.
'92. (16)
Guillot.
66
'93. (6)
Grandval and Lajoux.
66
'93. (8)
Sokoloff.
'93. (10)
Brunner and Leins.
66
'94. (6)
Kunze.
46
'94. (8)
Brunner.
'94. (14) Leins, A.
'95. (4) Sokoloff.
66
'96. (14) Puckner.
'96. (15) Van Ledden-Hulsebosch.
'96. (16) Gane.
(6
'96. (17) Gomberg.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
51
CAFFEINE. 1896. (18) Petit and Terrat.
((
'96. (19)
Delacour.
"(
'96. (25)
Georges.
'97.
(1)
(1)
Tassilly.
66
'97. (2)
Forster and Riechelmann.
((
'97. (3)
Keller.
'97. (4)
Hilger and Juckenack.
'98. (2) Trillich and Gockel.
CEPHAELIN, see IPECAC.
CINCHONA ALKALOIDS:
CINCHONIDINE. 1881. (6)
Hesse.
'85. (7)
De Vrij.
6.
'87. (23) Schæfer.
'89.
(3) Goebel.
QUININE. 1872. (2)
Carles.
66
7.
(5)
Prescott.
(6
"78. (5) Dwars.
79. (1) Dwars.
79. (10)
'80. (6) De Vrij.
'80. (7)
Hesse.
'80. (8)
Kerner.
'81. (7)
Blyth.
'82. (3)
De Vrij.
'85. (6)
De Vrij.
'85. (8)
De Vrij.
'85. (19)
British Pharmacopoeia.
66
'86. (10) Hooper.
'86. (12) De Vrij.
<<
'87. (22) Ruddiman.
'88. (4) Lenz.
66
'89. (3) Goebel.
'89. (14) Neumann.
66
'90. (6)
Seaton and Richmond.
66
'90. (19)
U. S. Pharmacopoeia.
'92. (7) J. H. Schmidt.
'95. (12) German Pharmacopœia.
'96. (8)
Allen.
66
'96. (9)
Kramers.
66
'96. (10) Howard.
TOTAL ALKALOIDS. 1878. (1) Prescott and Thum.
'78. (3) Schrage.
52
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
CINCHONA, Continued:
TOTAL ALKALOIDS. 1879. (3) Prunier.
(6
'80 (4) Hager.
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
'80. (5) Hilbig.
'81. (4) Prollius.
'81. (5) Schacht.
'81. (8) Eykman.
'82. (2) De Vrij.
'82. (4) Kissel.
'82. (5) Alessandri.
'82. (6) Biel.
'82. (7) H. Meyer.
'82. (8) Squibb.
'82. (13) Fairthorne.
'83. (3) Shimoyana.
'85. (9) De Vrij.
'85. (10) Shimoyana.
'86. (9) Lyons.
'86. (11) Kaspar.
'88. (3) Wieda.
'9. (13) Fawsett.
'89. (18) Landrin.
'91. (4) Haubensak.
'92. (6) Barthe.
'92. (8) Kuersteiner.
'93. (1) Keller.
'96. (24) Eschenburg.
'96. (26) Kebler.
'98. (4) British Pharmocopœia.
COCAINE. 1884. (4) Squibb.
((
'85. (4) Squibb.
'86. (8) Lyons.
'87. (4) Squibb.
'88. (9) Squibb.
'89. (12) Van der Mark.
'95. (11) Keller.
'96. (13) Gunn.
CODEINE. 1887. (13) Plugge.
'90. (12) Claasen.
'97. (7) Fouquet.
CONIINE. 1874. (1) Zinoffsky.
'76. (1) Sokoloff.
'87. (32) Cripps.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
53
CONIINE 1890. (17) Thompson.
'91. (10) Kremel.
'93. (13) Heut.
EMETINE, see IPECAC.
ESERINE, see PHYSOSTIGMINE.
GENERAL PROCESSES. 1861. Wagner.
66
'64. Groves.
"78. (2) Heintz.
79. (5) Losch.
79. (6) Loesch.
66
66
66
66
66
66
'80. (1) Prescott.
'81. (2) Hager.
'83. (1) Hager.
'84. (6) Lyons.
'86. (2) Scheibler.
'87. (2) Lilly.
'88. (5) Snow.
88. (14) Cavendoni.
'89. (2) Beckurts.
'91. (2) Lloyd.
'91. (3) Thompson.
'91. (9)
Beckurts.
'92. (1) Nichols and Norton.
'93. (16) Ranwez.
'93. (18) Grandval and Lajoux.
'93. (19) Grandval and Lajoux.
'93. (21) Van Ledden-Hulsebosch.
'93. (22) Lieunnigh.
94. (1) Keller.
'94. (2) Farr and Wright.
'94. (3) Schwickerath.
'94. (4)
Beckurts.
'94. (5) Dieterich.
'95. (8) Van Ledden-Hulsebosch.
'95. (14) Van Itallie.
'96. (1) Prescott.
'96. (2) Beckurts and Frerichs.
'96. (3) Keller.
'96. (4) Kippenberger.
'97. (6) Farr and Wright.
'98. (1) Wentzky.
54
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION,
GENERAL PROCESSES, VOLUMETRIC. '72. (1) Zinoffsky.
66
1 66
'80. (2) Thresh.
'86. (1) Hereth,
'86. (7) Lyons.
(6
66
66
66
66
66
66
σε!
:
:
:
:
:
HYDRASTINE. 1886. (4) Lyons.
'88. (1) Kremel.
'87. (1) Plugge.
'88. (6) Snow.
'89. (15) Van Itallie.
'90. (1) Van Itallie.
'90. (2) Schweissinger and Sarnow.
'90. (4) Christiansen.
'92. (2) Allen.
'92. (3) Allen.
'92. (4) Partheil.
'92. (5) Barthe.
'92. (13) Traub.
'93. (7) Keller.
'93. (17) Caspari and Dohme.
'93. (20) Vitali.
'95. (7) Kebler and LaWall.
'96. (5) Kippenberger.
'93. (15) Thompson.
'94. (13) Keller.
'96. (6) Beckurts.
'96. (7) Hegland.
HYOSCYAMINE, see ATROPINE.
IPECAC. 1885. (12) Lyons.
66
36
'86. (16) H. W. Jones.
'86. (17) Flückiger.
'87. (5)
Ransom.
'87. (6) Snow.
'87. (33) Lignon.
(6
'88. (1)
66
Kremel.
'89. (10) Blunt.
66
'89. (17) Cripps and Withby.
66
'90. (11) Dieterich.
"
'90. (13) Blunt.
'90. (18) Arndt.
(6
'92. (10) Bird.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
55
IPECAC. 1892. (11) Kottmayer.
'92. (12) Keller.
'92. (17) Beck.
'93.
(2)
2) Keller.
'93.
(3)
Keller.
(6
'93.
(5)
A. Meyer.
'95. (5)
(5) Cripps.
66
*
66
'95. (10) Mendini.
'96. (22)
'98. (5) British Pharmacopæia.
MORPHINE 1877. (4) Teschemacher.
6
66
""
66
39
66
66
66
76. (3) Lynn.
'79. (2) Yvon.
'79. (7) Petit.
79. (8) Fleury.
'79. (9) Flückiger.
79. (11) Prescott.
'80. (9) Mylius.
'80. (10) E. Schmitt.
'80. (11) Rother.
81. (1)
Portes and Langlois.
'81. (10) Mylius.
'82. (1) Squibb.
'83. (7) Scheibe.
'84. (1) Conroy.
'84. (2) Bernhardt.
'84. (3) Von Perger.
'85. (15) Lalien.
'85. (16) Wainwright.
'85. (17) Flückiger.
'85. (18) Dieterich.
'85. (21) British Pharmacopœia.
'86. (14) Braithwaite and Farr.
'86. (15) Venturini.
'86. (18) Wrampelmeier and Meinert,
'87. (7) Van Zwaluwenberg.
'87. (8) Stillwell.
'87. (9) Beckurts.
66
'87. (10) Bird.
66
87. (11) Beckurts and Schraut.
66
'87. (12) Dietrich.
56
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
MORPHINE. 1887. (13) Plugge.
66
'87. (14) Kremel.
'87. (15) Schlickum.
'87. (16) Adrian and Gallois.
'87. (17) Goebel.
66
'87. (18) C. D. Wiley.
66
'87. (19) Squibb.
66
'87. (20) Jandons.
(C
((
66
66
87. (21) Biel.
'88. (10) Squibb.
'88. (11) Teschemacher and Smith.
'88. (12) Williams.
'88. (13) Dietrich and Barthel.
'89. (1) Dietrich.
'89. (4) Holderman.
'89. (5) Flückiger.
'90. (7) Looff.
'90. (8) Looff.
'90. (9) Hinsdale.
'90. (10) Dietrich.
'90. (11) Dietrich.
'90. (12) Claasen.
'90. (21) U. S. Pharmacopoeia.
66
'90. (22) Nagelvoort.
66
'91. (1) Lambert.
'93. (11) de Wijs.
66
'93. (12) Cannepin and Van Eijk.
""
'94. (12) Dott.
'95. (1) Kebler.
'95. (13) German Pharmacopoeia
(6
'96 (12) Looff.
(6
'96. (21) Dott.
66
'97. (7) Fouquet.
'97. (8) Montemartini and Trasciatti.
'97. (9) Grandval and Lajoux.
66
'98. (7) British Pharmacopoeia.
NARCOTINE. 1897. (13) Plugge.
NICOTINE. 1881. (3) Skalweit.
'82. (9) Skalweit.
'82. (10) Kissling.
'82. (11) Kissling.
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
57
NICOTINE. 1883. (2)
Kissling.
66
'85. (5)
(5)
Scheffer.
66
'88. (8)
(8)
Biel.
'89. (8)
Popovici.
66
'89. (9) Kissling.
'91. (7) Pezzolato.
'92. (9) Pinette.
'93. (13) Heut.
'93. (14) Vedrödi.
'95. (2) Vedrödi.
'95. (3) Kissling.
'96. (11) Vedrödi.
OPIUM ALKALOIDS, separation. 1887. (13) Plugge
PHYSOSTIGMINE. 1877. (3) Masing.
(6
'86. (5) Lyons.
’87. (34) MacEwan.
PILOCARPINE. 1881. (9) Pohl.
PIPERINE. 1877. (2) Cazeneuve and Caillol.
66
'89. (11) Johnstone.
POMEGRANATE (cortex granati). 1894. (10) Stöder.
QUININE, see CINCHONA.
STRYCHNINE. 1874. (2) Dragendorff.
66
66
'79. (1)
Dwars.
'83. (4)
Conroy.
'83. (5)
Dunstan and Short.
'3. (6)
Dunstan and Short.
'85. (13)
Lyons.
'85. (14) Schweissinger.
'85. (20) British Pharmacopoeia.
'86. (6) Lyons.
66
'87. (24)
Dieterich.
'87. (25)
Beckurts and Holst.
"6
6.
66
'87. (26) Beckurts and Holst.
'88. (2) Kremel.
'89. (2) Beckurts.
'89. (6) Gerock.
'89. (7) Snow.
'89. (16) Van der Mark.
58
ALKALOIDAL ESTIMATION.
STRYCHNINE. 1890. (3) Egeling.
{{
'90. (4) Keller.
66
'90. (5)
Beckurts.
'90. (20) U. S. Pharmacopoeia.
'93. (4)
Keller.
'94. (11) Cushman.
'95. (9)
Keller.
'96. (23)
C. E. Smith.
'98. (6)
British Pharmacopoeia.
THEBAINE, see OPIUM.
THEINE, See CAFFEINE.
THEOBROMINE. 1878. (4) Dragendorff.
66
'79. (4) Wolfram.
'90. (16) Süss.
'93. (9) Süss.
'93. (10) Brunner and Leins.
'94. (6) Kunze.
'94. (7)
Thiel.
'94. (8)
Brunner.
'94. (9) Hilger and Eminger:
'94. (14) Leins.
'96. (20) Eminger.
66
'97. (5) Maupy.
VERATRINE. 1877. (3) Masing.
Filmed 1983
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