º vow. º




MANUAL
—OF THE –
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
ALBION, MICHIGAN.
Published by the Board of Education
1888.
ALBION, MICH.
F. F. Cole; Book and Job Printer,
1888.

CONTENTS.
Meeting of the Board of Education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Annual School Meeting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Board of Education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Officers and Committees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teachers' Meetings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teachers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The School Year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
School Hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tuition . . . . . . • - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Card to Parents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Organization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - e. e. e. e. e. e. e.
Primary Department, Course of Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary Department, Text Books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grammar Department, Course of Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grammar Department, Text Books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High School, Course of Study......................
High School, Outline of Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High School, Text Books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rules and Regulations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Suggestions to Teachers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Law Organizing Public Schools of Albion....
Alumni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.

MEETING - BOARD OF EDUCATION.
-
-
The regular meeting of the Board is held on the
second Monday evening of each month, at seven o’clock.
ANNUAL SCHOOL MEETING.
-
The annual school meeting for the election of trustees
and for the transaction of such other business as shall come
before the meeting, is held on the first Monday in Septem-
ber. Polls open from 6 o'clock to 9 o'clock, P. M.



BOARD OF EDUCATION.
/
º
H. M. DEARING, - r- - Term Expires 1888.
E. P. ROBERTSON, - - (C. “ ISSS.
C. F. AUSTIN, - - - - {{ (C. 1889.
E. F. MILLS, - - - - (C. ( : 1889.
JOHN FANNING, - - - C ( { % 1890.
C. W. DALRYMPLE, - - & C “. … I 890.
OFFICERS OF BOARI),
H. M. DEARING, - - - -
C. W. DALRYMPLE, - - -
E. P. ROBERTSON, - - - -
COMMITTEES.
-
Buildings, Furniture, Grounds, Improvements and Fuel.
- President.
- Secretary.
Treasurer.
C, F, AUSTIN, JOHN FANNING, C. W. DALRY MPLE.
Teachers, Schools, Text Books, Apparatus and Library.
E. F. MILLS, EUGENE P. ROBERTSON.
Finance, Accounts, Claims and Printing,
JOHN FANNING, C, F. AUSTIN. . . .
TEACHERS’ MEETINGS.
GENERAL INSTITUTE MEETING.
Thursday and Friday of the week immediately preced-
ing the commencement of the school year, held at the
Central Building.
-
REGULAR TEACHERS, MEETING.
First Saturday in each school month, held at the Central
Building, at 2 P. M.
SPECIAL MEETINGS.
At the call of the Superintendent.
NoTE. --All teachers are required to attend these meetings.
!


TEACHERS.
º
WARREN C. HULL, - - Superintendent.
Office, Central Building. Residence, Corner Perry and Hannahs Streets.
Office Hours, 8.20 to 9 A. M. and 4 P. M., each school day.
HIGH SCHOOL,
MISS EMMA T. LEwis, - - - Preceptress.
MISS LIZZIE WELCH, - - - - Assistant.
MISS CLARA. B. ROBERTSON, - - Assistant.
MISS ABBIE LEWIs, - - -- - Assistant.
GRAMMAR DEPARTMENT.
Miss LIzzIE CROSBY, - - - Eighth Grade.
Miss MARY WELCH, - - - - Seventh Grade.
MIss FLORINE SouTH worth, - - . Sixth Grade.
:k sk -k - - - - Fifth Grade.
PRIMARY DEPARTMENT,
NORTH WARD. " .
MRs. J. L. GREELEY, - - - Second Primary.
Miss ELSIE O'HARA, - - - - First Primary.
SOUTH WAR D,
MISS MARTHA ALLEN, - - - Second Primary.
MISs LizzIE WARREN, - - - First Primary.
EAST WARD,
M Iss MARY GARFIELD, - - Second Primary.
MISS MAME H. OLCOTT, - - - First Primary.
WEST WARD.
MISS ILONE FITZGERALD, - - Second Primary.
MISS GRACE BRADEN, - - - First Primary,

THE SCHOOL YEAR.
-
The school year is thirty-eight weeks, and is divided into
three terms:
FALL TERM, sixteen weeks, commencing on the first
Monday of September.
WINTER TERM, twelve weeks, commencing on the first
Monday after January 1st.
SPRING TERM, ten weeks, commencing on the second
Monday after the close of the Winter Term.
SCHOOL HOURs.
First Bell, A. M., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:35
Second Bell, A. M., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:55 to 9:00
Morning Session Closes at 12:oo M.
First Bell, P. M., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I : IO
Second Bell, P. M., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I :25 to 1:30
Afternoon Session Closes at 4:00 P. M.
The second bell A. M. and P. M. tolls the last two
minutes.


TUITION.
Non-Resident Students are required to pay the follow-
ing rates of tuition at least one-half term in advance: 40
cents per week in the High School and Grammar Depart-
ments, and 35 cents per week in the Primary Department,
or per term, as follows:
H. S. & G. Primary
Fall Term, 16 weeks, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6.40. $5.60
Winter Term, 12 weeks, ....... e - e - - - 4.So. 4.2O
Spring Term, Io weeks, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.OO 3.50
º
LIBRARY.
The schools are supplied with cyclopædies, dictionarias
histories, etc., as reference books, which are always at the
pupils' service. There is also a library of eight hundred
volumes carefully selected with reference to school work,
accessible at all times for class use. The Library is open
every Friday at four o'clock, when school is in session.

EXAMINATIONS.
Written examinations will take place at the close of
every school month, unless otherwise arranged by the
Superintendent.
A general public examination of all the schools is con.
ducted at the close of the Spring Term. - -
Pupils passing the examinations at the close of the year
and whose average standing for the year does not fall be-
low eighty per cent, are promoted to the next year’s studies.
The method of determining promotion includes standing
in daily recitations, monthly examinations and a final ex.
amination. This gives the pupil full credit for all work
done, and makes him responsible for his own promotion.
Pupils who are in advance of their respective classes,
may be promoted at any time during the year to any grade
which their age, health and abilities entitle them, at the
discretion of the Superintendent; and when the scholarship
of any pupil falls below the rest of the class, such pupil
shall be sent into the next lower one, unless by extra effort
he regains his position.

CARI) T() PARENTS.
Parents and Guardians, and all who desire to become
better acquainted with the working of the school, are in-
vited to visit the school often. They are asked to enter
without knocking; not to interrupt the teacher in her work;
to occupy any seat found vacant; to remain as long as they
choose and to pass out or to other departments when they
please.
In all cases of grievances, real or fancied, patrons are ex-
pected to consult the Superintendent before engaging the
attention of the Board, or making public talk of what, in
most cases, will prove upon investigation to have been
carefully planned for the good of all concerned. The
Superintendent will be in his office at the Central Building,
each forenoon of days of school at 8:20 o'clock.
Regularity of attendance at school and diligence in study
are of the utmost importance to the success of the school
and the advancement of the pupil. A school has made a
long step toward success which has thoroughly made its
patrons and pupils believe in the unconquerable power of
regularity and diligence in business. This has been recog-
nized from the remotest times. When Solomon wrote
“Seest thou a man diligent in his business? he shall stand
before kings; he shall not stand before mean men,” he
meant diligence will exalt the humblest to the highest po-
sitions,—it overcomes all obstacles, it is the key to all suc-
cess. Parents and guardians, we hope, will aid the school
in fixing this fact indelibly in the minds of children of
school age. It can in a measure be done by insisting upon
regular and prompt attendance in the school-room, when
not prevented by serious sickness of the pupil.

BOUNDARIES.
V.
District Boundaries given in the charter, Section I, last
part of Manual.
CENTRAL.
The Central Building contains the Grammar and High
School Departments of the entire District,
WARDS.
The ward buildings contain the Primary Department.
NORTH WARD.
All that part of the District lying north of the River and
west of Huron street, and north of Cass street.
SOUTH WARD,
All that part of the District, excepting Blocks 36 and 50,
lying south of the River, Cass street between the River and
Huron street, and Erie street; and east of Eaton street, in-
cluding Homer road.
EAST W A R D. -
All that part of the District lying east of Huron street,
and north of Erie street, including Newberg Mills,
WEST W A R D.
Blocks 36 and 50, and all that part of the District lying
west of Eaton street, and south of the River.
NoTE–See Duties of Teachers, Rule 10.

ORGANIZATION.
There are twelve grades or years of work in the Public
Schools of Albion, which are divided into three Depart-
ments, the Primary, Grammar and High School, each hav-
ing four grades. This arrangement is based on the accept-
ed divisions of school work, elementary, secondary and ad-
vanced; and is the same in the public schools of all the
large cities of the State.
The course of study is laid out with much care in recog-
nition of the grave importance attending the results of
school life. The ultimate purposes sought in the planning
of the course of study and in the means and methods of
instruction used, are such as: training the faculties of the
pupils, forming the character, instilling a love for study,
preparation for the acquirement of knowledge, and impart-
ing some knowledge of the arts and sciences.
If these purposes are attained the pupils are prepared for
honorable business life, or for pursuit of knowledge in
higher institutions of learning.


PRIMARY DEPARTMENT.
COURSE OF STUDY.
FIRST GRADE.
READING.--First term from black-board, words taken
from Swinton's Primer. Written and printed words and
sentences taught by means of objects, acts, pictures, etc.
Winter and Spring Terms, Swinton's Primer and First
Reader; the design of the author carefully followed.
LANGUAGE.-Language is to be learned primarily as a
means of progress in the acquisition of knowledge of other
branches. The specific purpose of Language Lessons is
“To teach and train children to speak and write correctly.”
The spoken vocabulary which the child has acquired before
entering school is to be added to, and a corresponding writ-
ten and printed vocabulary taught. Errors of expression
corrected.
SPELLING.-The words used by pupils in speaking and
reading.
WRITING.—The script letters on the slate, pupil’s name
and residence, proper position of the body and correct man-
ner of holding the pencil.
DR Aw ING. –On slates, from solids. Straight lines and
their positions-—vertical, horizontal, and oblique; their re-
lations—parallel, perpendicular and oblique. Lines com-
bined into angles—right, acute, and obtuse. Plain figures—

PRIMARY DEPARTMENT. I5
square, triangle, circle, etc. Symmetrical arrangement of
these figures. Measuring and dividing lines, curved lines,
etc.
NUMBERs.-Taught by means of counters. All com-
binations of numbers, without and with figures, from one to
ten inclusive. Relation of numbers from one to ten.
Coins; measures, inch, foot, pint, quart, time.
GENERAL WORK.—Talks about common things, parts
and care of the human body, duties to playmates, truthful-

ness, kindness, politeness, etc. Music and physical exer-
cises taught regularly and systematically.
SECOND GRADE.
READING –Swinton's First Reader completed and Sec-
ond begun. The plan of the author to be carried out to
the letter. Supplementary Readers used.
LANGUAGE.-The Language Lessons in the Reader
taught.
SPELLING.—Oral and written, the words used by pupils
in reading and speaking.
WRITING.-On slate, copying from Reader and black-
board.
DR Awi NG-From solids, from dictation, from memory,
from work placed on the board by teacher. First Grade
work reviewed. Simple curves and their symmetrical ar-
rangements in squares and triangles. Drawing from pic-
tureS.
NUMBERS.–Development of the idea of number from
one to sixty. Combination and separation of numbers to
sixty, using no multiplier or divisor greater than twelve,
16 PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF ALBION.
Roman numerals to LX. Coins; measures, pint, quart,
gallon, peck, bushel, time. -
GENERAL WORK-Talks about plants and animals,
points of compass, parts and care of the human body, pri-
mary and secondary colors, cleanliness, obedience, truthful-
ness. Music and physical exercises,
-
-
THIRD GRADE.
READING.—Swinton’s Second Reader completed, Third
begun. Supplementary readers used. Special attention
given to meaning, punctuation, and capitals, Diacritical
marks taught.
LANGUAGE.--Stories reproduced, orally and in writing,
from memory; original stories from pictures; approved
text-book used by teacher as a help in preparing recita-
tions.
SPELLING.—Words from Readers, etc. The pupils
taught to study the lesson by writing it. Words beginning
with capitals to be so indicated in both oral and written
spelling. Spell words by sounds as well as by letters.
Diacritical marks.
WRITING.—On slate and paper, copying from Reader
and black-board. Stories read and reproduced.
DRA win G.-Review of work of First and Second
Grades. Development of knowledge of form; light and
dark lines.
NUMBERs.—Adding, subtracting, multiplying and di-
viding numbers from one to one thousand, no multiplier or
divisor greater than twelve required. Roman numerals to
M. Weights and measures.
GENERAL WORK, The bones and muscles of the human


PRIMARY DEPARTMENT, 17
body; alcoholic stimulants and narcotics; animals, plants,
and stones; primary and secondary colors; truthfulness,
obedience, politeness, etc. Music and physical exercises.
FOURTH GRADE.
READING-Third Reader completed. Supplementary
reading. Exercises to secure correct articulation and pro-
nunciation. Study and follow the plan of the author of
text-book used, as found in the introduction to the book.
Spelling and phonic markings. Oral reproductions of pre-
vious lessons.
LANGUAGE.--Stories reproduced orally and in writing,
from memory, original stories from pictures; descriptions
of scenes and events. Classification of words begun. Ap-
proved text-book used by the teacher as a help in prepar-
ing recitations.
SPELLING.—Patterson’s Speller to the definitions. Dia-
critical marks, and the use of the dictionary.
WRITING.-P. D. and S. Books, Nos. I and 2, carefully
written and preserved as a means of determining the pro-
ficiency of the pupil at the time of promotion.
DR Aw ING.—Review of previous work. Copying pic-
tures, etc. - -
NUMBERs.—Robinson's Elementary Arithmetic, Part I.
Equal time given to mental and written work.
GENERAL WORK.—First thirty pages of Primary Geog.
raphy; careful explanations, and repeated and varied illus.
trations.
Care of human body, pure air and cleanliness, sources of
heat and strength in the body. Effects of alcoholic stimu-
lants and narcotics on the system. Animals, plants, stones;
truthfulness, politeness, music and physical exercises.
18 PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF A LBION,
TEXT-BOOKS.
FIRST GRADE.—Swinton’s Primer and First Reader,
Slate.
SEcon D GRADE,-Swinton's Second Reader when
First Reader is completed, Slate.
THIRD GRADE.-Swinton's Second Reader, Slate.
FourTH GRADE. —Swinton's Third Reader, P. D. and
S. Copy Books, No. 1 and (when No. 1 is completed) No. 2.
Robinson's Elementary Arithmetic, Slate.


(SRAMMAR DEPARTMENT.
-
COURSE OF STUDY.
FIFTH GRADE.
READING.—Fourth Reader to page 195. Drill to secure
the right use of the organs of speech, distinct articulation
and correct pronunciation. Memorizing appropriate selec-
tions of prose and poetry. Supplementary reading.
LANGUAGE.--Stories reproduced from memory, original
stories from pictures and objects, letter writing, oral and
written descriptions of scenes and events; capitalizing,
punctuation, phonic marking. Classification of words.
Text-book used by teacher.
SPELLING-Patterson’s Speller, Part III. Words from
Reader, Geography, Arithmetic, and from the pupils’ speak-
ing, Capitalization to be indicated in both oral and written
work. Diacritical marks and use of dictionary.
WRITING. – Copy Books, Nos. 3 and 4, written with care
and preserved as a means of determining the proficiency of
pupil at time of promotion. Care taken to give pupils cor-
rect habits in writing.
ARITHMETIC.—Robinson's Elementary Arithmetic, Part
II. Equal time given to mental and written arithmetic.
GEOGRAPHY,-Colton’s Primary Geography completed.
2O PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF AI, BION.
Careful attention given to map-drawing of countries of
commercial importance.
PHYSIOLOGY..—Oral lessons prepared by the teacher
from Brown's Physiology. Importance of light and air
indoors, purity of water, cleanliness; sources of heat and
strength in the body, properties of different foods. Effects
on the system of alcoholic stimulants and narcotics.
SIXTH GRADE.
READING.-Fourth Reader completed. Supplementary
reading. Plan of work as in Fifth Grade. Elocutionary
drill.
LANGUAGE--Stories reproduced from memory, original
stories, letter writing, oral and written descriptions of scenes
and events, classification of words, analysis of simple sen-
tences, capitalization, punctuation and phonic marking.
Approved text-book used by teacher.
SPELLING.—Patterson’s Speller, also words from other
lessons carefully selected by teacher, and given out for
study before the recitation. Capitals to be indicated in oral
and written spelling. -
WRITING.—P. D. and S. Copy Books, No. 5 and (when
No. 5 is completed,) No. 6. Written and preserved as a
means of determining proficiency of pupil at time of pro-
motion. Practice in full arm movement. -
ARITHMETIC.—Robinson’s Practical Arithmetic to page
150, also from page 240 to 246. Equal time given to men-
tal and written arithmetic.
GEOGRAPHY.--Colton's Grammar School Geography.
Fall Term to United States. Winter and Spring Terms,

GRAMMAR DEPARTMENT. 2 I
United States. Loomis' United States History read in
connection with geography work. Information of impor-
tance concerning topic under consideration obtained from
all available sources.
PHYSIOLOGY. —Brands’ Physiology, Parts I and II.
Teach importance of light and pure air indoors, purity of
water, cleanliness; sources of heat and strength in the body,
properties of different foods. Effects on the system of
alcoholic stimulants and narcotics. Temperance in eating,

drinking, study and exercise.
SEVENTH GRADE.
READING...—Fifth Reader to page 232. British and
American classics as supplementary reading. All lessons
to be carefully prepared and recited with special reference
to the following points: etymology, structure of sentence,
thought, allusions, characters, events, authors’ lives and
writings. Written reviews of lessons.
LANGUAGE.-Reed and Kellogg’s Graded Lessons in
English.
SPELLING, -Patterson's Speller, also words selected from
other sources by teacher as in previous grades. Attention
given to capitalization, etymology, diacritical marks, etc.
WRITING.—P. D. and S. Copy Books, Nos. 7 and 8.
Written and preserved as in previous grades.
ARITH METIC.-Practical Arithmetic, pages 150 to 216
and 227 to 255. Equal time given to mental and written
arithmetic. -
GEOGRAPHY-Grammar School Geography. Fall
Term, Michigan. Winter and Spring Terms, Europe.

22 PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF A LIBION.
Information of importance obtained from any available
source. Map of Michigan memorized. Attention to places
of historic interest.
PHys IoloGY.—Brands’ Physiology, Parts III, IV and
V. See Sixth Grade work in Physiology.
EIGHT H GRADE.
READING-Fifth Reader completed. American and
British classics for supplementary reading. Plan as in
Seventh Grade.
LANGUAGE.-Reed and Kellogg's Graded Lessons in
English completed.
SPELLING.-Patterson's Speller, also words selected by
teacher from other sources, as in previous grades.
WIRTING.—Sherwood's Business Forms, Book I and
(when Book I is completed,) Book II. Oral recitations of
lessons in text-book. Books preserved by teacher when
completed.
ARITHMETIC..—Practical Arithmetic completed. Equal
time given to mental and written work.
GEOGRAPHY.-Colton's Grammar School Geography
completed and reviewed. Important historical facts con-
nected with countries and places studied. Special attention
given to countries of historic interest. Classic countries
carefully studied. ---
Physiology.—Brands' Physiology completed. See
Sixth Grade work in Physiology.
º,

G R A M M A. R. DEPARTMENT. 23
TEXT-BOOKS.
FIFTH GRADE.-Swinton's Fourth Reader, Patterson's
Speller, P. D. and S. Copy Books, Nos. 3 and 4, Robin-
son's Elementary Arithmetic, Colton's Primary Geogra-
phy, Slate.
SIXTH GRADE,-Swinton’s Fourth Reader, Patterson’s
Speller, P. D. & S. Copy Books, Nos. 5 and 6, Robinson's
Practical Arithmetic, Colton's Grammar School Geogra-
phy, Brands’ Physiology, Blank book, Slate.
SEVENTH GRADE. –Swinton's Fifth Reader, Reed and
Kellogg’s Graded Lessons in English, Patterson's Speller,
P. D. & S. Copy Books, Nos. 7 and 8, Robinson's Practi-
cal Arithmetic, Colton's Grammar School Geography,
Brands’. Physiology, Blank book, Slate.
EIGHTH GRADE –Swinton's Fifth Reader, Reed and
Kellogg's Graded Lessons in English, Patterson’s Speller,
Sherwood's Business Forms (Books I and II), Robinson's
Practical Arithmetic, Colton's Grammar School Geogra-
phy, Brands' Physiology, Blank book, Slate.
HIGH SCHOOL.
-
COURSE OF STUDY.
FIRST YEAR.
Arithmetic, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robinson.
U. S. History, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swinton.
Physiology, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hutchinson.
Grammar and Analysis, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reed and Kellogg.
Reading and Orthography,....... Eng, and Am. Classics.
Writing, . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sherwood's Business Forms, No. 3.
SECOND YEAR.
FAILL TERM.
English Composition,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chittenden,
Arithmetic,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robinson.
Civil Government, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mowry.
Word Analysis, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swinton.
WINTER TERM.
English Composition,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chittenden.
Civil Government, 8 weeks, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mowry.



HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT, 25
Algebra,' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robinson.
Physical Geography, last 4 weeks,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cornell.
Book-keeping,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Woolley.
SPRING TERM.
English Composition,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chittenden.
Algebra,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robinson.
Physical Geography,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Colton.
Book-keeping, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Woolley.
THIRD YEAR.
FALL TER M,
Algebra,. . . . . . . . . -- a - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - c - - - - - - - - - Robinson.
General History,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swinton.
Rhetoric,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hart.
Natural Philosophy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cooley.
- WIN TER TERM.
Algebra,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robinson.
General History, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swinton.
Rhetoric,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hart.
Natural Philosophy,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cooley.
SPRING TERM.
Geometry, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robinson.
General History, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swinton.
American Literature, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swineford.
Botany, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood

FOURTH YEAR,
FALT, TERM.
Geometry, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robinson.
26 PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF A LB I ON.
English Literature, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swineford.
Botany, 8 weeks, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood.
Chemistry, last 8 weeks, . . . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - . . . . . . . Cooley.
Review of Elementary Branches.
WINTER TERM.
Geometry, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robinson.
English Literature,. . . . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - . Swineford.
Chemistry,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cooley.
Review of Elementary Branches.
SPRING TERM.
Geometry, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . Robinson.
English Literature, . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . . . . . Swineford.
Astronomy,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steele.
OUTLINE OF VVOF PO.
-
ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE.
READING AND OR THOGRAPHY. - - 3 TERMs.
GRAMMAR AND ANALYSIs, - - - 3 TERMs.
WORD ANALYSIs, - - - - 1 TERM.
ENGLISH CoM Position, - - - - 3 TERMs.
RHETORIc, - - - - - 2 TERMs.
AMERICAN LITERATURE, - - - 1 TERM.
ENGLISH LITERATURE, - - - 3 TERMs.
READING AND ORTHoGRAPHY.—The text-book in
Reading supplemented by English and American master-
pieces, “to be critically read in class with attention given to



HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT, 27
the formation of words, construction of sentences and ex-
pression of thought; characteristics of style and figures of
rhetoric, as used by the author; the more important features
of English prosody; biographical, historical and classical
allusions; oral and written discussions and analysis of sub-
jects; characters, scenes and events; frequent written exer-
cises upon well considered topics; the life and writings of
the author and his more noted contemporaries.” The or.
thography and meaning of words carefully studied and the
use of the dictionary taught.
GRAMMAR.—A review of the Language work of the
Grammar Department, to be technical and thorough. Lit-
erary productions studied and analyzed during the Winter
and Spring Terms. -
WORD ANALYSIs —Derivation and formation of English
words from the different sources; also brief history of the
same. Lessons to be judiciously selected from Swinton’s
Word Analysis.
ENGLISH COMPOSITION.—The plan of the text-book
carefully carried out.
RHETORIC.—The study of selections from authors and
the writing of essays, parallel with the study of Rhetoric,
for the purpose of illustrating the subjects of the lessons.
Preparation of the student for the study of Literature by
familiarizing him with rhetorical terms.
LITERATURE.—The study of language, which was in
the lowest grades a means, is in the study of Literature
particularly an end. An important point is to cultivate in
the student a taste ſor pure literature. Nothing else will
so certainly lead to intellectual culture, strength, and re-
finement, as a love for the productions of the most gifted
authors, and the ability to pursue their study independently.
28 PU BLIC SC HOOLS OF A LIBION.
MATHE MATICS.
ARITH METIC, - - - - - 4 TERMs.
ALG EBRA, - - - - - - 4 TERMs.
GEOMETRY, - - - -
4. TERMs.
This branch of study is intended to be progressive and
thoroughly practical from the lowest grades throughout the
entire course.
ARITH METIc.—The science of Arithmetic is pursued
during the first four terms in the High School. The fol-
lowing subjects are given special attention, and are inves-
tigated largely by means of the literal notation: Funda-
mental Rules, Fractions (Common and Decimal), Denomi-
native Numbers, Percentage, Involution and Evolution,
and the Metric System of Weights and Measures.
ALG EBRA.—Four terms following the completion of the
work in Arithmetic are given to Algebra. Thorough drill
is given in all the subjects treated in the text-book, but
those operations which are largely used in the study of
Geometry must have some added attention. It should
never be necessary for the teacher of Geometry to stop the
work in his study in order to teach his class such subjects
as Quadratic Equations, etc.
GEOMETRY. —This study is begun in the Spring Term
of the Junior year, and is continued four terms, which in-
clude the entire Senior year. Geometry is a branch of
practical logic; the demonstration is a statement of the steps
which lie between the premise and conclusion; the student
is encouraged and instructed in detecting and stating these
steps independently from the first, thus insuring mental disci-
pline of the highest order. It is largely the aim of Geome-
try to give the student mental exercise and develop his
reasoning faculties, and this aim may be, and often is secured


HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT. 29
by the consideration of the most useless propositions.
While this aim is not set aside but is allowed to influence
the teacher in the preparation and conducting of class work,
yet we make the study of the most practical importance by
"furnishing the mind of the student with useful knowledge.
Without neglecting any of the work laid down in Robin-
son's Geometry, a very thorough study is made of the rect-
angle, parallelogram, triangle, polygon, circle, cube, prism,
tetrahedron, pyramid, cone and sphere; the student thus
obtaining a fine knowledge of mensuration. This method
of study not only affords rigid discipline when correctly con-
ducted, but has the added advantage of being calculated to
store the mind with practical knowledge and fit the student
for further pursuit of the higher mathematics.
THE SCIENCES.
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, - - - 14 WEEKs.
PHYSIOLOGY, - - - - - - 3 TERMs.
Bor ANY, - - - - - - 18 WEEKs.
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, - - - 2 TERMs.
CHEMISTRY, - - - . - 2O WEEKs.
As TRONOMY, - - - - - - I TERM.

PHYSICAL GEog RAPHY.—Cooley's Physical Geography
used as text-book. The work is taken as laid down in the
book,
PHYSIOLOGY..—The work in Physiology in the High
School is a continuation of the work carried on in the lower
grades, but it is designed to be somewhat more scientific.
The pupil after taking the work as laid out for the Primary,
Grammar and High School Departments, should have a
3O PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF ALBION.
good knowledge of the structure of the human body, the
functions of the various parts, and the natural means of
securing and preserving health. Prepared anatomical
specimens of portions of the vital organs, tissues, bones and
muscles may be obtained; and to secure the best results the
subject under consideration in the lesson should be illustrat.
ed by such means. It is also important that the structure
of the bones, tissues, etc., and the appearance of the blood,
should be studied by means of the microscope.
BOTANY.—The students are first taught to study plants
by individual observation of such features as the structure
and sprouting of seeds, the outline and venation of leaves,
characteristics of stems, inflorescence, etc., and by drawing
outline sketches of the specimens obseryed. Each pupil is
required to analyze and preserve fifty specimens of uncul-
tivated phanerogams. These are to be inexpensively
mounted and correctly named with both the scientific and
common names, The Class of ’88 began a herbarium for
the High School, each member of the class giving a few of
his finest specimens. We hope this herbarium will be
added to by subsequent classes and by any who have oppor-
tunity to secure specimens from a distance.
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.—The application of the elemen-
tary facts and principles of Natural Philosophy to be illus-
trated by apparatus devised and brought before the class by
the teacher and pupils. The more difficult experiments
conducted by the teacher. The pupils are encouraged to
investigate and experiment for themselves and bring the
result of their work before the class. The entire study to
be thoroughly practical. ~~
CHEMISTRY. —The plan of the text-book is followed in
detail; special prominence given to those chemical com-


HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT. 3 I
pounds and chemical actions which are met with in the
common duties of life. The work to be similar in method
to that of Natural Philosophy; recitations of lessons learned
from the text-books, proven by experiments and investiga-
tion. There is in the school some apparatus for the illustra.
tion of the chemical and physical laws. But the teacher
and pupils rely largely upon their ingenuity in devising
means of illustration. We are indebted to Mr. Bert Gale
for a handily arranged equipment of electrical appliances,
which is a valuable assistance in this line of work.
ASTRONOMY.—A term is given to descriptive Astronomy
to acquaint the pupil with the fundamental facts and ideas
of the science, which may serve as a basis for subsequent
study. A connected view of the subject is attempted,
while most importance is attached to such practical subjects
as the causes of the harvest and hunters’ moon, tides, sea-
sons, equation of time, chronology, etc. -
HISTORY.
U. S. HISTORY, - - - - - 3 TERMs.
GENERAL HISTORY, - - - - - 3 TERMs.
U. S. HISTORY..—Fall Term, American History to 1765.
Winter and Spring Terms, from 1765 to the present time.
Contemporaneous English History taught in connection
with American History. Taylor's Patch Map used.
GENERAL HISTORY...—Fall Term, outline of Ancient and
Mediaeval History, -
Winter Term, English History.
Spring Term, outline of Modern History.
Topical method judiciously employed. Theses required.
32 PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF ALBION.
CIVIL GOVERNMENT.
The important details and functions of the government
of the State and Union; also the history of the Government
studied to develop the principles of the Constitution.
BO()K-KEEPING.
Sherwood's Business Forms written in the Eighth and
Ninth Grades. Two terms of double entry book-keeping
in the Tenth Grade, using Woolley's textbook.

TEXT. BOOKS.
Algebra, Robinson's.
Arithmetic, Robinson’s Higher.
Astronomy, Steele's New.
Bopk-keeping, Woolley.
Botany, Wood.
Chemistry, Cooley.
Civil Government, Mowry.
English Composition, Chittenden.
English Grammar, Reed & Kellogg’s Higher Lessons in
English.
English and American Literature, Swineford.
Geometry, Robinson.
General History, Swinton.
Natural Philosophy, Cooley.
Physical Geography, Colton.
Physiology, Hutchinson.
Reading and Orthography, Swinton's British and Amer-
ican Classics.
Rhetoric, Hart.
U. S. History, Swinton.
Word Analysis, Swinton.
-
-
RULES AND REGULATIONS.
Adopted by the Board of Education for the government
and management of the schools, and for the preservation
of the property of the district.
DUTIES OF PUPILS.
I. Pupils are required to be regular and punctual in their
attendance, to conform to all the regulations of the school,
and to obey promptly and cheerfully all the directions of
the teachers. They are required to observe good order and
propriety of deportment, to be diligent in study, respectful
to teachers, and kind and obliging to one another, to use
no profane or improper language, and to be clean and neat
in person and attire. -
2. Upon entering school, pupils must pursue such studies
as the Superintendent may direct, provide themselves with
the books, etc, used by their classes, occupy such seats and
use such places in the cloak-room as the teachers may as-
sign to them.
3. No pupil will be permitted to enter or remain in school
who is afflicted with or who has been exposed to any con-

34 PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF AL BION.
tagious disease, till such time as, in the judgement of the
health officer, all danger therefrom has passed; and all
pupils may be required to be vaccinated against small-pox
upon penalty of dismissal from school.
4. Pupils are required to walk quietly, without whisper-
ing or talking, up and down the stairways and through the
halls; and not to remain in the halls or stairways when their
school is in session, nor enter any room but their own, with-
out consent of their teacher.
5. Pupils must not collect around the school buildings or
yards before the ringing of the first bell in the forenoon or
afternoon, unless permitted by the Superintendent, and are
expected to go directly home when dismissed, unless per-
mitted by the teacher to remain, and must not bring to
school books, periodicals, paper, needlework, or anything
foreign to the course of study.
6. Any pupil who has been absent shall, upon returning
to school, bring to the teacher a written excuse from parent
or guardian. Any pupil who is tardy shall bring with him,
or present on entering the next half day, a written excuse
from parent or guardian. No pupil shall be excused at
any time during the session except by written or personal
request of parent, or for some cause deemed sufficient by
the teacher.
-
7. Pupils who are excused before the close of the session
will be marked absent for such portion of the day as is lost,
and in no case will a pupil who has been excused be con-
sidered perfect in attendance unless all the lessons thus lost
are made up. -
S. Sickness, attendance upon religious exercises, or some
urgent necessity, shall be regarded as the only legitimate


RULES AND REGULATIONS, 35
excuses for absence from the whole or a part of a session,
9. Any pupil who is wronged or aggrieved by another
should report the same to his or her teacher, and no pupil
shall in any case avenge his own wrong, or leave the school
grounds during school hours, without permission of the
proper teacher.
IO. No tax shall be laid upon the pupils by any teacher,
neither shall the pupils be permitted to make any public
presentation of a gift or other testimonial to any teacher in
school. -

I 1. Any pupil guilty of gross misconduct or persistent
disobedience may be suspended by the Superintendent.
12. Any pupil who shall cut or otherwise injure any
school property, or shall use or write any profane or
obscene language, or make any obscene pictures or charac-
ters on the school premises shall be liable to suspension, or
other punishment, as well as responsible under the laws for
the offense. All damage done to school property shall be
repaired at the expense of the party committing the tres-
pass. No snow-balls, balls, stones, etc., shall be thrown;
ncr shall slings, fire-arms nor any dangerous or improper
things be used or handled on the school premises.
13 In first cases of suspension, the Secretary may re-
store the pupil if sufficient assurance is given by parent
or guardian that such irregularity will not again occur, but
a pupil who has been suspended a second time can only be
restored by action of the Board of Education. -

14 Such other, and more special regulations, as may be
deemed necessary for the better internal government of the
school, the Superintendent and teachers may have power to
adopt and enſorce, subject to the approval of the Board,
36 PU BLIC SCHOOLS OF AI, BION.
DUTIES OF TEACHERS.
1. Teachers are required to devote themselves faithfully,
and during school hours exclusively to the duties of their
profession; to labor for the advancement of their pupils
physically, mentally and morally; to obey all the regula-
tions of the schools and to co-operate with the Superintend.
ent in securing obedience to the same on the part of
the scholars, and to advance the general welfare of the
schools.
2. Teachers are to unlock the doors of their respective
rooms at the ringing of the first bell, forenoon and after-
noon, and if not present at that time, to report themselves
as tardy to the Superintendent; to see that their rooms are
vacated and locked after session; to allow no more dis-
order at recess or between the ringing of the bells than
during a recitation; to see that each pupil entering the
room goes immediately to his seat and begins study.
3. The basement rooms shall be opened for the accom-
modation of pupils at the ringing of the first bell in the
morning, and when pupils remain during the noon recess
at least one teacher shall remain with them. Teachers
must give their personal attention to the preservation of
good order in the basements, in the halls, and on the stair-
ways. They must also carefully watch over the conduct
and habits of pupils during the recesses of the school.
4. Teachers are not to dismiss their schools earlier than
the time designated, or be absent therefrom, or employ a
substitute without first obtaining consent of the Superin
tendent. -
5. Teachers, under the direction of the Superintendent,
shall have the immediate control of the department assigned

Tº ULES AND REGULATIONS. 37
them. They are responsible to the Superintendent for the
proper discipline of the pupils under their charge, and in
all cases of necessity shall apply to him for advice and di-
rection.
6. Teachers shall commence the morning exercises of
their respective rooms by reading portions of Scripture,
without note or comment, and by singing. -
7. Teachers shall not introduce any text-books other than
those authorized by the Board of Education. They shall
not allow their time or that of their pupils to be occupied
by agents, exhibition men or lecturers. They shall not
permit the circulation through their schools of hand-bills or
other notices, nor shall they permit any notice whatever to
be given not immediately connected with the business of
the schools, except by special vote of the Board of Educa-
tion.
S. Each teacher shall keep, in a conspicuous place in the
school room, a program of study and recitations for each
day. -
9. Teachers shall keep neatly and accurately, in books
and on papers furnished for that purpose, such records in
respect to scholarship, deportment and attendance, as
directed by the Superintendent, and shall make reports to
him as often as he may direct. All work upon such reports,
registers or class books, except making the daily record,
must be done out of school hours; and all reports, etc.,
must be handed in to the Superintendent before drawing
the last month's wages.
IO. No teacher shall receive into her school any pupil who
belongs to another ward, nor change a pupil from one grade
to another, without the authority of the Superintendent. In


38 PUIS LIC SC I IOOLS OF A LB I ON,
all cases of transfer from one ward to another the teacher of
the department from which the pupil is transferred will give
to the pupil a certificate stating his grade, standing, etc.,which
must be approved by the Superintendent.
II. Teachers shall report all cases of truancy and failure
to render required excuses for absence or tardiness from/f/y
to parents, and shall co-operate with them in securing the
prompt and regular attendance of their children.
12. Teachers are required to admit tardy pupils to their
respective rooms at the close of the morning exercises, but
may require such pupils to make up the time at the close
of the afternoon session, and present an excuse on entering
the next half day.
13. Teachers will carefully follow the directions of the
Superintendent.
suggestions To TEACHERs.
In all grades above the second, mark the recitation of each
pupil; average these marks at the end of each school month;
to obtain the pupils’ scholarship for the month, average the
recitation standing with the monthly examination standing,
thus: (Recitation standing times three, plus monthly
examination) divided by four.
All absence marks are reckoned as zero in making out
standings, but lessons may be made up if the absence was
necessary and an excuse has been offered.
Have the monthly reports of the pupils ready and give
them out to the pupils on the first day of the following
month; require them to be returned promptly with the
parents’ signature. -
Make out the monthly report of attendance, etc., neatly


RULES AND REGULATIONs. 39
and accurately, and have it at the office not later than the
Wednesday following the close of the school month.
All lists of names should be arranged in alphabeticai order
and all reports should be made out with ink.
Do not send your pupils to the Superintendent for trifles,
discipline them yourself.
Be wise in the selection of mattel for recitations and de-
clamations. Select from standard authors. Cultivate a love
for the purest literature.
Make thorough preparation for each day's work. Do not
be afraid to work out of school hours for the good of your
school. You cannot over estimate the importance of your
position. No one has too much ability to devote the whole
of it to a school for the education and shaping of young
people. The consequences of your acts are far reaching,
and neglect of duty is little less than criminal.
Remember that the school is not yours—it belongs to
patrons and people. Make an effort to have them under-
stand fully the detailed work of your room. Receive sug-
gestions with pleasure, appropriate them in your work, if
your judgment approves. Urge every father and mother
to visit your school and inspect the character of your in-
struction and discipline.
Subscribe for a good educational journal, and read the
teachers’ reference books, which you may draw at any time
from the school library. If you cannot speak well of your
co-laborers in the school, say nothing. Do not talk too
much in school, or concerning school matters, out of school.



CHARTER.
Law Organizing Public Schools of Al-
bion--LOGal Acts 1885–-NO. 267.
AS AMENDED BY LOCAL ACTS 1887–NO. 389.
TERRITORY IN CORPORATED. HOW DESIGNATED. TO BE
FREE.
SECTION I. 7% e People of the State of Michigan enact,
That all the territory and lands situated in the town-
ships of Albion and Sheridan, in the county of Cal-
houn and formerly known as school district number one
| 1 |, fractional, Albion and Sheridan and bounded as follows,
to-wit: Section number one [1], section number two [2],
section number three [3], section number twelve [12], north
one-half of section number eleven [11], southeast quarter of
section number eleven [I I], north half of section number
ten | Iol, north half of northeast quarter of section number
four [4], northwest quarter of section number four [4], town-

CHA R T E R. 4 I
ship of Albion; also section number thirty-four [34], sec.
tion number thirty-five [35], section number thirty-six [36],
east half of east half section number thirty-three [33], south
half of southeast quarter of section number twenty-five |25],
southwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section num-
ber twenty seven |27], and all that part of the west half of
east half of section number thirty-three [33] that lies south
of Kalamazoo river in the township of Sheridan shall con-
stitute a single school district to be known and designated
as the Public Schools of Albion, and such district shall have
all the powers and privileges conferred upon school dis-
tricts and union school districts by general laws, and here-
after all schools organized therein in pursuance of this act
under the direction and regulation of the school boards shall
be public and free to all persons actual residents within the
limits thereof above the age of five years.
TRUSTEES. PRESIDENT, SECRETARY, AND TREASURER.
SEC, 2. The officers of said district shall consist of six
trustees whose term of office shall be three years, two of
whom shall be elected at the annual meeting of the district,
to be held on the first Monday in September in each year.
A trustee for the term of one year shall be elected at the
annual election held on the first Monday in September, in
the year eighteen hundred and eighty-five. The person re-
ceiving the highest number of votes for the one year term
at said election shall be deemed a duly elected trustee, and
within ten days aſter this election the trustees thus elected
shall meet and elect from their own number a president,
secretary, and treasurer, whose powers and duties shall be
severally the same as those conferred upon and required of
the moderator, director, and assessor of school districts in
42 PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF A LBION,
the State, except so far as the same are varied or modified
by the provisions of this act, or other acts, relating to said
district. The trustees and officers of the district heretofore
known as “School district number one (1), fractional Al-
bion and Sheridan " shall be and they are hereby consti-
tuted the trustees and officers of the public schools of Al-
bion, and the moderator shall be the president, and the
director the secretary, and the assessor the treasurer of said
public schools, and said trustees so elected shall continue
to hold their said offices for the same time and in the same
manner as though this act had not been passed. Said board
of trustees shall have power to fill any and all vacancies
that may occur in their number, or in the officers appointed
by them until the next annual meeting of the district.
POWERS OF TRUSTEES.
SEC. 3. From and after the passage of this act said board
of trustees shall have all the powers and privileges CO In -
ferred upon district and union school district boards by gen-
eral law, and all the powers and duties of the first board of
school inspectors of the township of Albion shall be trans-
ferred to said board of trustees, who shall be, ex-officio, the
board of school inspectors of said township of Albion, and
shall make their reports directly to the clerk of the county
of Calhoun. Said board of trustees shall have power to
examine and license, or cause to be examined and licensed
all teachers that may be necessary for the schools of the
district, and shall enter into written contract with all teach-
ers that they may employ. -
DUTY OF TRIJSTEES. ACCOUNTS TO BE KEPT BY. AN-
NUAL STATEMENT.
SEC. 4. It shall be the duty of said board of trustees to
7


CHARTER, 43
provide all necessary appendages for the school-houses and
to keep the same in good condition and repair, to establish
and maintain a district library, and for that purpose they
may take and hold the library books, fixtures and furniture
now held and possessed by said school district; to employ
superintendents, teachers, janitors and librarian; to purchase
other books for said library; to establish, locate, and main-
tain a high school, grammar and primary schools, and gen-
erally, to do all things needful and desirable for the main-
tenance, prosperity, and success of the schools in said dis-
trict, and the promotion of the thorough education of the
children therein. It shall be the duty of said board to apply
for and receive from the county treasurer, or other officers
holding the same, all moneys appropriated for primary
'schools and the district library of said district; to adopt by-
laws and rules for their own procedure and to make all
needful rules and regulations for the control and manage-
ment of the schools of said district and the said district li-
brary. Said board shall keep accurate account of all expen-
ses incurred by them, and all claims for such expenses shall
be audited by said board and paid by the treasurer out of
any money provided for that purpose, on the order of the
secretary countersigned by the president of said board. Said
board shall present at each annual meeting of the district a
statement of the amount of all receipts and disbursements
for the school year, and it shall be the duty of said board to
make an estimate of the amount necessary to be raised in
addition to other school funds for the entire support and
maintenance of such schools for the ensuing year, including
the expenses for the management of said library and any
indebtedness of said district, and on or before the first Mon-
day in October the secretary shall certify such amount to
44 T UP LIC SCHOOLS OF A LHION. -
the supervisor or supervisors of said district or any town-
ship, village, or city from which said district shall in part be
formed, and the same shall be levied, collected and returned
in the same manner as other taxes.
TREASURER’s Box D. W HERE FILE D.
SEC. 5. The treasurer of said district, within ten days
after his election and before he shall enter upon the duties
of his office, shall give a bond to the district in such sums
and with such sureties as shall be approved by the school
board for the faithful discharge of the duties of said office
and to account for and pay over all moneys that shall come
into his hands by virtue of such office; and he shall have
power, by suit at law, under the direction of the district
board, in the name of the public schools of Albion, to col-
lect all moneys due said district from the several township,
village, or city collectors, or for tuition of scholars who are
not actual residents of said district, or that may be due said
district in any other manner whatever. Said bond shall be
filed with the secretary of said board. -
SECRETARY's DUTIES.
SEC. 6. The board of trustees shall require the secretary
to keep a record of its proceedings and of the rules and
by-laws it may from time to time enact; and to do and
transact all other business that shall be required of him by
said board. For which labor he shall receive such compen-
sation as the board of trustees shall determine upon by a
vote at any regular meeting of the board.
PROPERTY OF.
SEC. 7. All lands, school-houses and sites, together with


CHARTER. 45
the furniture, library, property, effects and estate of school
district number one, fractional Albion and Sheridan, both
real and personal, and all debts or demands due or owing
to said district, are hereby transferred to and declared the
property of the “Public Schools of Albion,” and all bonds,
debts, and obligations, dues and contracts of said school dis-
trict number one, fractional Albion and Sheridan, shall be
and they are hereby declared the debts, dues, and contracts
for the public schools of Albion, and shall be binding on
said public schools according to the respective terms and
conditions thereof.

SCHOOL HOUSE SITE–PROVISO.
SEC. S. The qualified voters of said district shall have
power, when lawfully assembled, to designate by a vote of
two-thirds of those present, any number of sites for school-
houses and to change the same by a similar vote at any reg-
ular meeting. Provided, That in case two thirds cannot
agree upon a site for such school-house, a majority of the
voters present at such meeting shall have the power to in-
struct the school board to locate said site. The site of the
several school buildings heretofore located, and now held
by district number one, fractional Albion and Sheridan, shall
be and are hereby declared and deemed school-house sites
for the public schools of Albion.

SUITS AGAINST.
SEc. 9. Suits may be brought by or against the public
schools of Albion on all contracts, obligations, debts, bonds,
or demands due and unpaid from or to said school district
number one, fractional Albion and Sheridan, in like manner
as they might have been by or against said school district
46 PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF ALBION.
number one, fractional Albion and Sheridan, if this act had
not been passed.
ANNUAL MEETING. TRUSTEES TO BE EI, ECTED.
SEC. Io. That the annual meeting of said district shall be
held on the first Monday of September in each year, and at
the annual meeting to be held on the first Monday in Sep-
tember next, the qualified voters shall elect by ballot two
trustees for the term of three years, and one trustee for the
term of one year, who with the three trustees holding over
will constitute a board of six, and annually thereafter, in the
same manner, they shall elect two trustees, who shall hold
their offices three years and until their successors shall have
been elected and qualified.
BOARD OF INSPECTORS,
SEC. I. I. That at the meeting of the board of trustees,
next preceding the said annual meeting, it shall be the duty
of said board to elect, from its number, three members of
said board who shall constitute a board of inspectors for the
purpose of conducting the annual election of trustees of said
district.
BOATRD OF INSPECTORS TO APPOINT CI, EIR K.
SEC. 12. Said board of inspectors shall before opening the
polls appoint a suitable person to act as clerk of the election;
and said clerk so appointed shall take the constitutional oath
of office, which oath either of said inspectors may adminis-
ter, and the clerk so appointed shall receive one dollar for
his services at said election to be paid by the treasurer of
the said board of trustees.
BALLOT BOX, ETC. NOTICE OF ELECTION.
Sec. 13. Said board of inspectors shall provide a ballot


CHARTER. 47
box at the expense of said district and open the polls at
such place within said district as the district board shall
designate, giving public notice as required by law for the
election of two trustees whose term of office shall be for
three years and until their successors shall have been elected
and qualified. Said polls shall be opened at six o'clock in
the afternoon or as soon thereafter as may be on the day of
annual school meeting and shall continue open until nine
o'clock in the evening.
QUALIFICATION OF EI.ECTORS,
SEC. 14, The qualification of male electors shall be the
same as at general elections, and the qualification of female
electors, and of persons holding office, shall be the same as
is or may be provided by the general school laws for school
districts, and each person offering to vote, shall deliver his
or her ballot to one of the inspectors, in presence of the
board, who shall deposit the same in the ballot box.
CHALLEN GE. OATH,
SEC. I 5. If any person offering to vote at such election,
shall be challenged as unqualified by any legal voter in said
district, one of the inspectors shall declare to the person so
challenged the qualifications of a voter, and if such person
shall state that he or she is qualified, and the challenge shall
not be withdrawn, the said inspector shall tender him or her
an oath in substance as follows: “You do swear (or affirm),
that you are twenty-one years of age, that you are an actual
resident of this school district, and are legally qualified to
vote at the general election [elections] in this State.” Or he
or she may take the following oath: “You do swear or
affirm, that you are twenty-one years of age, that you have
been for the last three months an actual resident of this
48 PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF A LIBION.
school district, or residing upon territory now attached to
this school district, and that you are liable to pay a school
district tax therein.” Or he or she may take the following
oath, to-wit: “You do swear, or affirm, that for the past
three months you have been an actual resident of this school
district, or residing upon territory now attached to this
school district, and that you are the parent, or legal guar-
dian of one or more children, now included in the school
census of this district,” and any person taking either of said
Oaths, shall be permitted to vote at such election.
J D E M.
SEc. 16. If any person so challenged shall refuse to take
such oath, his or her vote shall be rejected, and any person
who shall willfully take a false oath, or make a false affirm-
ation under the provisions of the preceding section, shall be
deemed guilty of perjury.
- Poll, LIST.
SEC. 17. The clerk of the election shall keep a poll list,
which shall contain the names of all electors voting at such
election, and at the close of the polls, the inspectors shall
immediately proceed to canvass and ascertain the result of
the election, which canvass shall be public, and the two
persons found to have received the largest number of votes,
at such election, shall be deemed duly elected trustees.
REAL OR PERSONAL ESTATE,
SEC. 18. The public schools of Albion, aforesaid, shall
have power to take, accept, and hold any real or personal
estate by gift, grant, bequest, or devise, for any purpose con-
nected with the schools of said district, or for the benefit
of said library, and said board of trustees shall use and ap-

CHARTER. 49
propriate the same for the purposes and uses mentioned in
the instrument, giving, granting, or devising the same, and
for no other purpose.
LIBRARY.
SEC. 19. Said library shall be and remain the property of
the corporation created by said act, and shall be for the ben.
efit of and be open to all actual residents of said school dis-
trict, under such rules, regulations, and restrictions, as the
board shall from time to time make and ordain.
This act is ordered to take immediate effect.
Approved March 12, 1885.

ALUMNI.
CLASS 1878,
Emma T. Lewis, Maggie E. Woolsey,
George W. Graves, Marion Crosby,
Kirtland Davis, Mary Fanning,
Lulie Torrey.
CLASS 1879.
Abbie Lewis, Minnie Kirby,
Fred C. Jaquett, Nettie Graves,
I. O. Walker, Peter McKinney,
Lizzie Welch, Satira J. Reed,
Lizzie Crosby, S. Eloise Shuart.*
CLASS 1880.
Addie G. Smith, Eva M. Kelley,
Allie M. Van Ostrand, John F. Fanning,
Charles B. Gale, Lizzie I. Willard,
Effie M. Nethercott, M. Kate Comstock,
Efferd R. Nethercott, Nellie A. Benham.
Nettie Corliss.
CLASS 1881.
Carrie L. Reed, Sanford W. Austinº
Belle D. Foskit, Herbert F. Pierce,
Rena E. Young. Mary C. Welch.
CLASS 1882.
Jennie V. Elmer, Vernon S. Wolcott,
Clendon C. Morrison, M. Belle Scott,
Maud E. Loomis.
*Deceased.








ALUMNI.
CLASS 1883.
Hattie A, Billinghurst,
Floy A. Reed,
Lucy B. Sayles,
Adah E. Florence,
Clara M. Babcock,
Randall W. Burns. --
CLASS 1884, -
Winnie E. Miner,
H. J. Morrison,
Harvey N. Ott,
C. E. G. Peabody,
Maggie Kavanaugh,
Ida M. Gerow,
CLASS 1885.
Judson E. Conant,
Mary B. McKinney,
Clara Geismar,
Chas. H. Osborn,
Fred T. Loller,
Mary Spencer,
Jennie Bigelow,
Ilone M. FitzGerald,
Georgiana M. Gale.
CLASS 1886.
Mabel E. Grover,
Willard Reed,
Kate E. Baughman,
Elsie I. Peck,
Samuel K. Boyd,
Frank T. Quinlan,
Jennie L. Foskit, º º
Mae Ensign,
Clara L. Hutchinson,
Cora S. Benham,
Chas. DeW. Colby,
Newell J. Morehouse,
º
Blanch W. Plough,
W. P. Robertson,
Fred Geiger,
Palmer M. Dearing,
Hattie M. Doolittle,
Jessie G. Austin.
Belle McPherson,
Grace Harris,
Walter H. Rogers,
Mary Garfield,
Josie Bigelow,
Loie Shank,
D. W. Knickerbocker,
N. Bates Ackley,
Charles W. House,
Nora A. Rogers,
Bert A. Gale,
Minnie A. Davison,
Fred B. Kimball,














PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF ALBION.
Ernest A. Davis,
Janey V. Boyd,
Mary L. Culkins,
Elsie A. O’Hara,
Nellie E.
CLASS
Grace L. Braden,
Dora E. Strickland,
L. Adella Warner,
Edna M. Simmons,
Herman N. Rogers,
Lottie D. Allen,
Jay H. Scott,
Mame H. Olcott,
Eva E. Greene,
Anna L. Schumacher,
Ella M. Sloate,
Arthur C. Church,
Ella M. S. Estabrooke,
C. Ernest Conant,
Bird W. Phipps,
James B. Bartley,
Minnie G. Estabrooke,
Maude O’Hara,
Nora McAuliffe,
Welch.
1887.
Grace E. Lester,
Alice L. Reed,
Edward Reed Loud,
Vinnie R. Green,
Chas, A. Rafter,
K Belle Wolcott,
Herbert E. Earle,
Edna Phelps,
Geo. B. Ferguson,
Helen E. Gifford,
Lucien A. Barnes,
George F. Sheldon,
M. Belle Gutchess,
Fred. C. Larzelere,
L. W. Anderson,
CLASS 1888.
George J. Bunday,
Cora Lee Barnes,
Bertha Bissell,
Harry R. Dearing,
Clara P. Ensign,
M. Belle Herrick,
Jabez D. Wallace,
Nettie M. Raub,
Mate L. Schermerhorn,
Edgar E. King,
Rena M. Babcock,
Clinton C. Burr,
Eva S. Crittenden,
Nellie M. Dalrymple,
O. Harry Gale,
May Hovey,
Helen E. Osborne,
E. G. Peck,
Gracie G. Yost,
Effie E. Thrasher.



UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
||||III