BEING A CONDENSED REPORT OF THE
PRIITCIPLES, PURPOSES
AND METHODS OF THE
Unign Refwm Lcaagua
AS REVEALED IN ‘ITS

THREE CONVENTIONS
Held in Princeton, Mass., during the Summers of
I879, I880, l88l.


* PRINCETON, MASS,
@9 GB—UPERATIVE PUBLISHING 00.
1882.






. “wt-m“ v4 '
W AGHUSETT HOUSE
Situated in the beautiful and healthful town of Princeton, Mass, oifers supe-
rior inducements to families and others Wishing to pass the summer months 1n_ the.
country. Its broad iazzas, large, airy rooms, and well supplied tables make 11: as
pleasant a lace as t e Tourist can desire._ The. town of Prlnceton 1s hlgh, cool
and health ul, yet easily accessible by rail. Terms moderate.
_ _ P._ A. BEAMAN & SON, .Paornmrous.

Prospeet House,
, Princeton Center, is open on and after June 1st for the accommodation of
Summer Boarders and Transient Company. No pains will be spared by the
resent management to continue the attractive fare, moderate terms and cordial
Hospitality which have made this agreeable Family Hotel so popular-with its
past patrons. GEO. L. BLISS, PROPRIETOR.
MOUHTAINIHDME
Receives guests on and after June 1st. A quiet, healthy, Summer Resort‘,
centrally located ; large, airy rooms, good fare,'_'clear, invigorating atmosphere, 2.
wide prospect, terms reasonable. Adc ress
MRS. A. T. HEYWOOD, PRINCETON, Mass.
Mount Pleasant House, kept by O. A. Whittaker; Linden House, by Mrs.
H. P. Pratt; Mountain House, by Bullard ; Howard House, by N. S.
Howard; Forest House, by Edwin Grimes ; ‘Princeton House, by Joseph Miller;
Summit House, by Mr. Derby ; Orchard House, by Wilkes Roper ; the Pine Hill,
New England, North View, Lake-side, and other houses, in this popular Summer
Resort, receive Guests, during the Open Season which annually attracts increas-
ing numbersntoPr-inceton Heights. . ,_ '

\l
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ELEMENTS or UMvERsoLooY. An‘ Introduction'to the Mastery of Philosophy
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PRIMARY SYNoPsIs or UNIVERSOLOGY AND ALVVATO (Ahl-wah-to). An Epit-
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To’l‘he Editor :~—-We send you herewith “ The Evolutionists ” which
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DMEMOW.
The Evolutidnistsi
BEING A CONDENSED REPORT OF THE PRINCIPLES, PURPOSES
' AND METHODS OF THE
@fi©!fim Laagua
@151
UniOn
AS REVEALED IN ITS THREE CONVENTIONS, HELD IN
PRINCETON, MASS., DURING THE SUMMERS OH‘
1879. 1880, 1881.
PRINCETON, MASS.,
(Do-operative Publishing CO.
1882.
INSPIRATION, SOCIALISM. -
FREE LAND, FREE MONEY, FREE TRADE AND TRANSIT.—
Cos'r run EQUITABLE Lnm' or PRICE, PERSONAL Lmaarr INVIOLABLY Sacun.
By the abolition of compulsive interference and ownership _1n raw materials; of
property in land. which befl'ets rent; of credit-robbery, which makes Usury pos-
sible, will Labor and Lovecbe free in right, war cease, and exchange become civil-
ization under the banner of Opportunity and Reciprocity.
UNCIV IL LIBERTY: or, The Unsocial Heism opposed to Woman Suflirage, the Politi-
cal Usurpation of Men over Women. Eightieth Thousand. By E. H. HEYWOOD. 15 cents.
SOCIALISTIC, COMMUNISTIO, MUTUALISTIC, and Financial Fragments;
a suggestive, readable, and instructive book on Living Issues of profound import. By
Wm. B. Greene. $1.25. , ,
WOMANHOOD —- 1T8 SANCTITIES AND FIDELITIES, by ISABELLA Bnsonsn
HOOKER. This is a very able and attractive work on Motherhood, the Social Evil, and
kindred subjects. Paper, 50 cents; cloth, 75 cents. ‘
WHAT IS FREEDOM? AND WHEN AM I FREE ‘I Being an attempt to- put Liberty
on a. Rational‘Basis, and Wrest its Keeping from Irresponsible Pretenders in Church and
State. By Hasar Arrnn'rou. 15 cents.
TRUE CIVILIZATION: A subject of Vital and Serious Interest to all people; but
Most immediately to the men and women of Labor and Sorrow. By JOSIAH WAR-
BEN. 50 cents.
WHAT IS PROPERTY? By P. J. PBOUDHON, the great French Socialist. Translated
by BENJ. R. TUCKER. A scientific and brilliant literary exposition of Labor Reform, in
which the whole Profit School of Political Economists is engaged and routed. $1.50.
THE TRUTH ABOUT LOVE, A proposed Sexual Morality based on the Doctrine of
Evolution, and Recent Discoveries in Medical Science; written with great ability and
fearless purpose, this revolutionary book will deeply interest students of Sociological
tendencies towards Free Love. $2.00.
THE MILLER-STRICKLAND DEFENCE; Under indictment for “ cohabiting and
associating together, not being married to each other,” argued in person by Lee Miller,
before Judge F. M. Crosby of Minnesota, to which is added the DECISION or run Jones.
A masterly exposition of Free Love Ideas, this speech profoundly interests every stu-
' dent of Natural Liberty and Social Reform. 20 cents.
PHYSICAL LIFE OF WOMAN. Advice tothe Maiden, Wife, and Mother. By GEORGE
H. NAPI-IEYS, M. D., member of the Philadelphia Medical Society; Author of the “ Trans.
mission of Life.” 426 pages. 250,000 copies-sold. .50.
REV. W. H. H. MURRAY says: “ It is with sincere gratitude to the author that I give
my endorsement to ‘ The Physical Life of Woman.’ I should rejoice at its introduction
among the people until every wife and ‘mother in the country and the world had a. copy
is hher possession. The author deserves the thanks of every Christian and well-wisher
t a race.
CUPID’S YOKES AND THE HOLY SCRIPTURES CONTRASTED, in a Letter from
PARKER PILLSBURY to EZRA H. Hsrwoon in Dedham Jail. A faithful exposure of filthy
passages in the Bible commended to Christians who say physiological knowledge is " ob-
scene.” It drags into light, portions of “ God’s Word” which clergymen dare not read
in their own pulpits; and, placing beside them the passages in Cupid's Yokes on which-
Mr. Heywood was convicted, asks, Which is the obscene book? an old abolitionist says
“ It is a sockdologer and hits below the belt and between the eyes; it will make the
Coinstock hypocrites bowl.” The Bible must go. 10 cents; 70 cents per dozen.
PARTURITION WITHOUT PAIN. A Code of Directions for Avoiding most of the
Pains and Dangers of Child-Bearing. CONTENTS: 1. Healthfulness‘ of Child-Bearing;
2. Dangers of Prevention; 3. Medical Opinions as to Escaping Pain; v4. Preparation for
Maternity; 5. Exercise During Pregnancy; 6. The Sitz Bath and Bathing Generullv;
7. What Food to Eat and What to Avoid; 8. The Mind during Pregnancy; 9. The Ail-
ments of Pregnancy and their Remedies; 10. Female Physicians and Anaasthetics. Every
family should have this book. By DR. M. L. HOLBROOK. Price, $1.00.
Its gratuitous circulation should be a recognized part of the Woman Movement.-In-
dex. A work whose excellence surpasses our power to commend—New York Mail.
SEXUAL PHYSIOLOGY. A scientific and popular Exposition of the Fundamental
principles in Sociology, by R. T. TRALL, M. D. The great interest now being felt in all
subjects relating to human development will make this book valuable to every one. Be-
sides the information obtained by its perusal, the bearing of the various subjects treated,
in improving and giving direction and value to Human Life cannot be over-estimut ed.
This work contains the latest and most important discoveries in the Anatomy and Phy-
siology of both sexes; explains the origin of Human Life; how and when Menstruation,
_ Imprcgnation, and Conception occur; giving the laws by which the number and sex of
oli‘spring are controlled, and valuable information in regard to the begetting and rearing
of beautiful and healthy children. It should be read by every family. WITH EIGHT!
FINE ENGRAVINGS. Prof. Wilder, of Cornell University, says it is the best work yet
written on the subject. Thirtieth Thousand. ' Price, $1.50. t:
Any of the ebove works sent, on receipt of price, by the (Jo-operative Publishin
Company, Princeton, Mass. .
UNION REFORM LEAGUE.
. 0___\
Several years ago it occured to Residents in Mountain Home, Prince-
ton, Mass, that Co-operative Enterprise in reform might be effectually
promoted by special Association for that purpose; informal conferen-
ces between members of the family and guests, during successive sea-
sons, developed this impulse till, in a Convention of the New England
Free Love League, in_ Boston, May, 1879, that veteran worker in all
fields of Growth, John M. Spear, said—“The time has come for blend-
ing all shades of opinion and the union of all Schools of Reform on one
common platform,” designating the following summer as the time, and
Princeton as the place for holding the first convention. It was felt that by
formulating a movement broad enough to giv * standing room for all
earnest workers in behalf of progress, we may compass success. After
three centuries, since Luther’s time, of continuous Diferentiation, in
achieving the great boon‘ of Individuality, we hav so far conquered
on that line that growth is ripe for Afferentiation or bringing together
all of the developed results into an army of progress. A committee of
arrangements composed of John Orvis, Willard K. Dyer, (who wrote the
call for the first Convention) Josephine R. Stone, John M. Spear, S.
Alice Vibbert, (acting chairman) J. Flora Tilton, J. Q. A. Clifton, and
Dr..B. F. Clarke, met in Boston to further the movement, which was
also constantly aided by co-operating activity in Princeton, where the
Union Reformers convened August 29, 30, 31, 1879, John Orvis, Presi-
dent, Mrs. S. ,'A. Vibbert and T. C. Leland, Secretaries. Among the
resolutions heartily approved were the following presented by E. H.
Heywood :-— - '
Resolved, That the imprisonment of Dr. John Brown Smith who has now
been caged five months in Northampton Jail for refusing to pay a poll tax, is a
flagrant outrage on the natural right to self-government which it is the object of
free institutions to secure; that the power of tax-collectors to imprison citizens for
life, ‘without even a‘ form of trial, is unmitigated, merciless despotism that by one
savage blow annihilates the guarantees of personal freedom whlch it has cost ages
of struggle and suffering to provide ; and that we profoundly respect the timely wis-
dom and unflinching courage with which Dr. Smith stakes his liberty and his life
to vindicate the citizen ’s right to unmolested self-sovereignty.
Resolved. That the imprisonment of D. M. Bennett for circulating a physiolog-
ical pamphlet on marriage denies freedom of conscience, s eech, the press, and the
mails, respected under the American law, for a century ; t at the Comstock statute
imposes a ' censorship of the press more cruel, irresponsible and vindictive than
slaveholders, under Calhoun and Jackson, were able to secure ; that in declining
to release Bennett, after 200,000 citizens had requested it, President Hayes surren-

- dered our liberties to a merciless ecclesiastical ‘despotism, making it both the ri ht
and the duty of all citizens. in pending elections,-by their votes, to defeat the e:
publican party which enacted this infamous statue, and gave Anthony Comstock
free range over these States to stamp out progressive ideas.
* At the request of a friend and patron of the League, we so far follow the lead
of the American Spelling Reform Association as to omit the final e in have, give
and live. This is a step towards ‘the new language, Alwato, proposed by r.
Andrews,
4 UNION REFORM.
The Convention was addressed by Mr. Orvis, Henry N. Stone, J o-
sephine R. Stone, Mrs. Vibbert, Rev. Geo. H. Vibbert, G. C. Van
Benthuysen, and Dr. J. H. Swain of Boston; John M. Spear of Phila-
delphia; Dr. Ellen B. Harmon of New Jersey; Prof. A. L. Rawson and
T. C. Leland of New York; Anna M. Middlebrook of Conn.; A. H.
Wood of Lunenburg and Elijah Mirick of Ayer, Mass. ; Ellen M.
Bolles and Henry Appleton of R. I. ; Angela T. Heywood, E. H.
Heywood, Dea. J. T. Everett, E. A. Mirick, of Princeton, and others.
Messages were received from Parker Pillsbury, Wendell Phillips, E. C.
Stanton, Benj. Skinner, Neal Dow, J. N. Bufl'um, \V. S._Bell, and many
others. The League was instituted, the temporary organization becom-
ing permanent under the following
' CONSTITUTION.
ART. 1.——This Association shall be known as the Union Reform League. .
ART. 2.—Its objects are to repeal legislative restrictions of natural rights; to
diffuse knowledge for the promotion of individual and social improvement, and to
encourage co-o erative action in all progressive movements. '
ART. 3.—Al persons, irrespective of sex, race, condition or nationality, who
favor its objects and contribute to its funds one dollar or more annually shall be
accepted as members of this League and entitled to a voice and vote in its meet-
ings; and in order that no one may be compromised by any vote of the majority
the minority shall be recorded whenever requested.
ART. 4.-—Its oificers shall be elected annually, and consist of a President, Vice-
Presidents, Secretaries, Treasurer, Auditor, and of an Executive Committee of not
less than five nor over twelve members.
ART- 5.—--The Executive Committee shall hav power to enact their own by-iaws,
fill any vacancy in their body, or in the oflices of Secretary and Treasurer, employ
agents and publishers, direct the Treasurer in the application of all moneys, and
call special meetings of the League. They shall arrange for general conventions,
prLN'ide for the expenses, and prescribe rules for the conduct thereof ; make an
annual report of their doings, of the expenditures and funds of the League, and
adopt the most energetic measures in their power to advance its objects.
ART. 6.—The annual meeting of the League shall be held at such time and
place as the Executive Committee may direct, when the account of the Treasurer
shall be presented, the annual report read, appropriate addresses delivered,and
such other business transacted as may'be deemed expedient.
ART. 7.—All associations having the same principles and purposes may become
auxiliary to this League, and their members shall be entitled to equitable repre-
sentation in its meetings. Its public conventions shall allow freedom of ‘criticism
and dissent, and respect diversities of opinion as tending to the discovery and es-
tablishment of truth. » '
ART. 8.—This Constitution may be amended at any regular meeting of the
League, by a vote of two-thirds of the members present, provided the changes
hav been previously submitted in writing, to the League in regular session, or to
_ the Executive Committee. ,
ART. Q—Since this Association is strictly voluntary, no tax will ever be assessed,
and members are free to withdraw at pleasure ; but members and officers shall be
held responsible for the payment of all bills of their own contracting. Those
wishing to join can send names and admission fees to the Treasurer. Those desir-
ing to form local societies, auxiliary to or independent of this League, will be as-
sisted in doing so, by addressing one of the Secretaries or the President.
The second annual Convention of the League met in Princeton, Town
Hall, July 4, 5, 6, 1880, Stephen Pearl Andrews, presiding. Dele-
gates were present from Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Hartford,
Vineland, N. J ., and other distant and near localities. Mr. E. H. Hey-
wood presented the following resolutions :—
Resolved, That, since life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness are inalienable
rights, the claim to the means of life, viz., Inspiration, Self-rule, Land, Exchange
cannot be restricted Without disaster ; that we favor the abolition of property in
UNION REFORM. 5
land which begets rent. of credit monopoly which makes usury ossible, and of
that sustainingsource of political fraud, industrial subjection an Social antago-
nism—com u/szve tawation.
Resolve , 'I‘hat. since the right of each person to do what she or he wishes.pro-
vided they invade not the equal right of others to do the same, is the spiritual ba-
sis of Socialism, all efforts to restrict that right, or to fix the basis of order or pro-
gress outside of Personal Soverignity, invade essential Liberty and hinder the be-
neficent tendency of Nature to disclose in the freedom of one the harmony of all
souls; that while we credit all due to the philosophy of association & co-operative
endeavor, today, as heretofore, the world advances chiefly through Individual In-
itiative, Voluntary Enterprise, which unites all by continually. giving each
Personality back to itsel . ‘ -
Resolved, That while we rejoice in Sufl'ragism, which is the political expression
of ..01nan’s desire to be mistress of her own person and destiny ; in Gieenbackism,
which is the political outcome of the old, World—wide Struggle forindustrial and
commercial equity ; in 'I‘emperancism, which seeks sobriety in personal demeanor;
in Trades—unionism, which voices the protest of plundered, Sufi'ering and dumb
millions of the wages class; in Liberalism, which is an out-cry against ecclesiasti-
cal N escience and superstitious savagery; and in Spiritualism, which brings life
and immortality to llght through positive evidence of immaterial Intelligence,—
we would blend all these progressive aspirations in united effort to Repeal restric-
tions on Enterprise, in order that the grand old phrase of Daniel Webster, "Lib-
erty and Union, now and forever, one and insep'erable,” hitherto a political aph-
orism, merely, may in the Nature of things, manifest Spiritual Power.
Resolved, ‘That we favor co—operative effort for the immediate and unconditional
Repeal of the Comstock Statutes, which supervise opinions and impose a censor-
ship of the Press in behalf of superstitious Intolerance; of men’s laws making
reading of the Bible in Public Schools compulsive, thereby perverting youth to
sustain sectarian bigotry; and of men’s laws licensing or prohibiting the sale of
ardent spirits, which invade liberty and hinder efl'ort to remove the Causes of
intemperance. ‘ _ ' '
Resolved, That we invite the institution of Union Reform Leagues, in every
accessible locality, to voice‘ progressive tendencies, promote mutual improvement
and, rescuing it from the repressive torture, now accepted as law-and-order, place
. human Society under the guidance of intelligently conscientious foresight.
Mary E TillOtSOn of Vineland, N. J ., Offered resolutions and spoke for
Dress Reform in which she has done persistent, effective service, during
many years of intelligent activity, vindicating' her own faith and appeal-
ing to reason in others, by Wearing a reform dress. Mr. Andrews also
Offered resolutions explaining his views of organization, and inviting
co-operation to promote them; accepting his invitation, the League
became an Individual Sovereign auxiliary of the Pantarchy.* The
Convention was addressed by Mr. Andrews, Mr. Heywood, Jay Chaapel
of Philadelphia, on “Spiritualism”; T. C. Leland, of New York, 011
“Social Evolution”; J. H. Swain, of Boston, on “Sexology”; A. D.
Wheeler, of Westford, Mass, on “Objects of Socialism”; David “Tild-
er, of Boston, on “Money and Banking”; by Josephine R. Stone, E.
B. McKenzie, Mrs. S. L. Chappelle, A. II. \Vood, Dr. B. M..Lawrence,
Angela T. Heywood, Henry Appleton, Lyman A \Viley, the Yankee
Kearney, of Medfield, Mass, and Others. Messages were received
from L. K. Joslin, Dr. E. B. Foote, Lucy N. Colman, Mrs. E. M. F.
*While Individualism illustrates Diversity, the spirit of Unity should also be
active in some general, centering, andrepresentative form, which, like the clear-
ing house among banks, may Serve collective needs, so far, at least, as to render
Specialties co-operative, despite of their divergency. Existing to' do just such
work, the Pantarchy. was instituted, many years ago, to quicken Universal Pro-
gress, and serve as Head Center of the entire reformatory world; its Constitution
is a very interesting document and can be had by inclosing 25 cents to the pub-
lishers, S. P. Lathrop & Co., 201 East 34th St.‘, New York. ,
6 UNION REFORM.
i
Q
a
Denton, May Peterson, Isabella Smith, ‘Henry George, J. K. Ingalls,
Mrs. A. P. Joyce, ‘D. M. Bennett, Mary A. Cutler, Mrs. S. A. Vibbert,
A. J. Grover, Geo. F. Train, and others, expressing hearty interest in
the League’ s work. Its third annual Convention met in the Town Hall,
Princeton, August 28, 29,30,1881. Stephen P.Andrews presided, made
the opening speech, and ofl'ered the following series of resolutions on
Science :— .
Resolved, That the discovery of the theta of any subject, and of their laws and principles, con-
Ititutes the science of that subject.
Reno] wed, That we are. in this age, in the midst of theevolution of the newest and highest of the
so'ences, namely. the Science of Man (Anthropology), and especially of collective Man (Sociology), and
that this last, the science of Society,is now sufliciently unfolded for it to begin to be understood by the
e. -
lgesol ved, That. from now on, Reform should. more and more, cease 'o be merelv iconoclasm, aspi-
ration, agitation, and blind experiment, and should, more and more, become scientific, systematic and
constructive, replacing old and defective conditions and institutions by new and superior ones; under
the guidance of the best knowledge and the wisest direction which society can, at any given period
command. ' ‘ ..
Resolved, That while Individuality and the Sovereignty of the ‘individual (and hence, in the st-
ymological sense, an-archy) must be the basis of all future social constructions,that a basis or founda-
tion is not the completed edifice, and that future society must‘ and will be the aggregate of all such
beneficent arrangements and institutions of social order as shall prove to be the fitting erection of the
Temple of Humanity—in a word, the Pantarchy.
~Resol ved, That Union Reform is the legitimate vestibule to the Pantsrchal Edifice; for the organ-
ization of which specific movement we are chiefly indebted to Mr. and Mrs. Heywood. while they, in
turn. credit the first public suggestion of it to the venerable seer and leader of Practical spiritualism,
6hn M. Spear. ' ‘ ‘ ’
‘‘ Resolved. While all the sciences constitute a grand pyramid. of which Mathematics is the basis
and Sociology the apex. as shown by Auguste Comte, the founder of "Positivism,” with ‘further elabor-
tion by Thaddeus B. Wakeman, that the appropriate name for the whole pyramid. and especially for the
discovery that the same laws aad principles rule throughout it, from mudsill to capstone, making all
sciences into one science. is_Universologv, or the Science of the Universe.
Resolved. That it results that the studmot‘ Sociology necessarily rests upon the study of Uni-
versology; or the right knowledge of Society. upon the right knowledge of the world at large.
Resolved, That every science must have its own complement of technicalities; that is to say, of
accurately defined scientific, terms. to prevent confusion and error in the use of words and the comm u-
nication of ideas; that technicalities in science 'arerprecisely what tools, instruments and machinery
are in work; and'that the uulearned and unskilled if they would be taken into intellectual and practi-
cal partnership with the learned and skilled.v must conquer their prejudice against technicalities, and
come to delight in them, as the only means of handling big masses of thought, as derricks and engin-
ery enable us to handle big masses of matter.
0 ved, That Alwato, the universal scientific language, is, at bottom. the universal body of the
technicalities of all the ‘sciences and arts, and is absolutely essential to the best-method of presenting
or teaching them; and that. consequently, the eople should begin, at once, to gain some apprehen-
sion of the new language and its limitless capacity for expressing and also for exciting thoughts as illus-
trated in the following resolutions.
Resolved, That Evolution (the great word in science at the present day) is of two kinds; first.
Evolution in Time. or the successive periods of existence, also called Continuity, or the Continuity of
Beingfllistory); and secondly. Evolution in Space, the description of the world at anv one time, its
departments, branches, &c.; also called Solidarity, or the Solidarity of Being.
Resolved. The sound 1, signifying elongation, slowness, dullness, long periods and distances, 8tc,,
and the sound of the trill r meaning the opposite idea, namely. brokenness and therefore shortness,
quick repetition, rapidity, energy. short periods and distances; that the combination lr is the natural
and appropriate one to denote volution, rotation, &O., (or. for the present purpose, we may say e-volu-
tion)—similar analysis of other sounds furnishing along with this c. mbination the new word lrauio
(pronounced l rah-oo-ee-o) for this idea (evolution); that Ulrauio then means Evolution in Time. or
Continuity, and olrauio Evolution in Space, or Solidarityfi that bolrauio then means the mundane
world or sphere of evolution; that holrauio means the breathy or spirit_-world or sphere of evolution;
that yolraulo means any single world, one at a time; and that wolrauio means two worlds or systems
of evolution, compared, or collateral to each other, .
Resolved, That the rallying cry recently adopted by positivists. materialists. physicists, &c., of
“One world at a time,” to excuse themselves from all attention to spiritist phenomena is unpbilo-
sophieal (except for temporizing purposes. which may be Justifiable) and, if there are more worlds than '
one, as unwise as would be the conduct of a chariotecr who driving a team of two or more horses in the
dark, should resort for safety to the plan of guiding one horse only, and who pulling upon one rein
continuously should move ina circle,with no genuine progress. .
. Resol ved, That the teachers and le 'ders of mankind are the charioteers of the world, somewhat
in the dark,andthatit behooves them to know, as far as ma e, from all indications, how manv
worlds there really are, involved in the complex web of human destiny, and how to conduct them-
selve with reference to the possible conjunction of different worlds
Resolved, That there are noteworthy indications that the team which they are required (in a
modified sense) to drive Is at least a span—the mundane and spiritual, with perhaps a tandem or third
world—the eternal soul world—in advance of both; and that it is the business of science to settle
these fundamental questions by attention, in part to all phenomena and indications of fact, and in
part through the analogies of Uuiversology, as the final umpire, in the intellel-tual sphere, for all con-
ceivable spheres of Being '
MruAndrews ofl‘ered the following special resolutions on Obscenity :—
R‘esol'ved, That precisely in the spirit of the utterances quoted by -Dr. Swain, from
JUN ION REFORM. '1
my early Discussion with Horace Greeley and Henry James on Love, Marriage and
Divorce, (see appendix)* Mrs. Heywood has been irresistibly propelled by a genuine
inspiration to rob e, in the most radical and effective way, by the audacious use. in
utter and genuine purity, on her part, of so-called vulgar words and phrases, the pre-
tentious and false or bogus virtue. the purient fastidiousness and the hypocritical and
insulting claim of purity of the “grand” worldof hionable snobs, or‘; the one hand,
and of the unco mud on the other hand, who, as e sees clairvoyantly, actually live
in, continually thinkaof, and revel, both ideally and practically, in the practice of the
things, the namlfépf which must never soil their delicate or saintly lips; and that she
has had a. true ssion laid upon her, for which she is entitled to all honor, to expose
the rotten hypocrites of society to themselves and to others, by naming for their ears,
offensively and ad nauseam, those very acts and objects, in which and with which, as
realities, their minds are habitually versed and associated. ' ,
Resolved, That words which have become degraded by vulgar associations need to be
redeemed in the same manner as unfortunate people do, who have fallen into bad habits
of all kinds, namely, by being washed clean, lifted into better society and dedicated to
cleanly and useful occupations; and that the only way of escaping obscenity, in words,
will be so to purify all words that there shallremain no possibility of expressing obscene
ideas; or, otherwise, since “to the pure all things are pure,” that if our ideas are
' wholely purified, there can be no place in language for words which shall not be also
pure; since, again, words are the signs merely of our ideas -
Resolved, That since there is no obscenity in Nature, no obscenity in Science, and no
obscenity in Art, there seems no place left for obscenity, but in the defilement of our own
imaginations; and that, therefore, when our thoughts and imaginations are freshened
to the naturalness of nature, used to the Clean-cut precision of science, and to the gra-
cious sweetness of Artistic beauty, obscenity will cease to exist among us; in other
words, that obscenity is mainly to be sought for and found in the minds of those very
_ persons who complain of its existence. 'l -
A friend presented this true View of Free Rum :——,
Resolved, That since compulsive statutes invade Natural Rights, increase taxation’
produce criminals, courts, jails, and are hostile to‘ personal virtue and public morality:
we seek the repeal of all license and prohibitory liquor laws. _ ~_ -'
Mr. Andrews, A. ‘H. Wood, L. K. Joslin, J. H. Swain, Angela T.
Heywood, Lyman A. Wiley, Henry Appleton, A. D. Wheeler,-E. H.
Heywood, and others addressed the Convention; messages were re-
ceived from Moses and Mattie Hull, E. C. Walker, John Brown Smith,
Maria L. Follett, Julliet H. Severance, 001. J. H.‘ Blood, Dr._ B. F.
Clarke, R. W. Hume, Mrs. A. C. McDonald, 0. M. A. Twitchell, J.'J.
Gurney, Frank Howard, Anna M. Twiss, E. M. Davis, A. Briggs
Davis. Following are the oificers this year :—President, Stephen Pearl
Andrews, New York; Vice-Presidents, L. K. J oslin, Ellen M. Bolles,
R. 1.; H. -M. Fisher, N. H.; Josephine R. Stone, Lucy M. Tilton, A,
H. Wood, Lyman A. Wiley, Mass; Maria L. Follett, E. C. Walker.
1a.; Juliet H. Severance, Wis.; J ohn M. Spear, Jay Ohaapel, ,Pa.;
MarthaWilliams, Conn. ; Frank Howard, Texas; W. N. vSlocum, Cal. ;

* Let me remind the Pantarch’s flock that in 1853 the columns of the New Tri-
bune were closed to him in the' midst of a discussion on Free Love ; one of the
reasons for which was alleged to be that expressions were employed by Mr. An-
drews ofl'ensive to the public sense of decency. I quote two sentences of his reply
as applicable to this case :—“ uc , however, as I dislike to hav my feelings or my
tastes offended, I cannot help regarding actual flogging of women; for example,
in Austria, and the salt and pepper applications to the torn backs of negroes in
the South, as not only Worse than the pen-and-ink descriptions of the same trans-
actions, but as fully justifying the latter and actually demanding them as a means
of shaming the facts out of existence.
tures of our oppressive Social Institutions.”—J. H. Swain, on the Pantarchy, in
The l/Vord, October, Y L. 9 ; i - ,
'l- Obscenity, if there is such. a thing, consists in lack of respect for the sexual
nature. . . Why burn a book on the theory that it tends to indelicacy, or crime
even ? Books fight their own battles. N obody-desires to burn a book, exclude it
from the mails or forbid the readlng of it, unless he is conscious that he cannot
.refute it, or show it to be bad or false.—Elizur Wright.
m
So of the disgusting and ‘intolerable fea- '
8 UNION REFORM.
Secretaries, E. H. Heywood, May Peterson; Treasurer,‘ H. N. Stone;
Executive Committee, Josephine R. Stone, E. W. Stuart, M. A. War-
. ren, Angela T. Heywood, Mary S. Dike, A. D. Wheeler, E. H. Hey-
wood. Though not largely attended, this was “a great Convention,” in
Ideas, purpose, and consolidating power; its nine sessions all doing
wholesome work on great problems of Life; the subtle principles of as—
sociative philosophy receiving due attention, while free interchange of
opinion found members of the League unanimously favoring the follow-
ing practical measures of Reform, ViZ_.:——Woman Suffrage; repeal of -
obscenity statutes and of all other restrictions on Thought and Speech;
repeal of laws making Bible reading compulsive in public schools; a
new cosmopolitan language; abolition of poll-tax qualifications for vot-
ing; repeal of license and prohibitory liquor laws; repeal of laws tax-
ing citizens to support war, or compelling them to do military service ;
free trade, tariff for revenue only; abolition of land, money, travel-
transportation monopolies, and the removal of all other restrictions on
production and exchange. The vicious antagonisms and restrictive
policies, too prevalent among reformers, were discouraged and libera-
tion favored as the natural method of improvement in all phases of
growth. Among the new persons attending, all were glad to see
Messrs. Fisher of N. H., J oslin and Reynolds of R, 1., Alfred T. Spar-
rell Lof West Groton, Mass, and other notable students of Progress.
Guests at the Hotels, from distant cities and States, were interested
listeners in the Convention. Heartily enjoying their brief sojourn in
the realm of Ideas on Princeton Heights, the Union Reformers, quick-
ened by clearer views of Truth and fresh vigor-for Service, returned to
their varied and distant fields of activity, to meet again next year.
With this running‘ sketch of three Conventions held under the aus-
' pices of the League, we would ‘be glad to giv, verbatim,
BAsIs or the letters, essays, speeches and discussions which were
THE UNION. replete with fact, thought, and stirring appeal, but must
devote the remaining space at our disposal in this Report
to a brief statement of the principles and purposes, the objects and‘
methods of Union Reform as our membership incarnate it. Since there
should be provisional Foresight, a responsible Providence to second the
advances of Individual Enterprise, settle disputes, protect persons and
‘property from invasion; since under the savage sway of Speculative
Robbery which new rules and spoliates nations, there is not yet a
square foot of earth where Love, and Labor may serve unassailed; and
since what goes for “law and order” stands on its usurped power to
take life and property irresponsibly,—every extant government resting
on bayonets, prisons, scaffolds supported by compulsive taxation, it is
high time that Plural Individualism, two, three or more persons, in or-
der to assure Liberty and provide common defense, should institute
Voluntary, Self-supporting Association which intelligent people need
not blush to share.* As may ‘be seen in its Constitution, printed ‘above,

* The New Order Mr. Andrews names The Pantarchy, government of principles
interpreted by Science. Mr. Heywood, thinking science dead knowledge, govern-
ment invasive, disastrous,"‘impossible ; ” finding growth and order chiefly in Spon-
taneity, suggests The Wordocrasy, (from lo 0s, intelligence, and krasis, to mix,
associate) meaning intelligent association. ‘But the name is a secondary matter ;
for the purpose, the work to be done, Living Need ms ires associative response to
this Call to Serve,-Union Reform; a- new school of ocial Philosophy. I
UNION REFORM. 9
4_/'
this League is an inspiration, an Influence, mutual attraction of per-
sons to cO-Operate in special efl‘ort for human amelioration; rejecting
majority rule, inviting “freedom of criticism and dissent,” “respecting
diversities of opinion as tending to the discovery and establishment of '
truth,” having no power or wish to tax,‘ its members free to adhere or
withdraw at pleasure, no one being held responsible for the conduct or
Opinions of another, the Union Reform League is a purely voluntary
association where concurring thought flows unrestrictedly into collec-
tive purpose. ' ‘ . ' '
‘That the old regime has ceased to convey regenerating power is
plainly evident from the fact that Labor begs‘ amid opu-
lence itcreates; that Woman, the mother of man and of
the Christian God, is held to be dependent, an underling';
that Inspiration is repressed by ,usurping materialism and
“learned” Nescience; that tyranny and war continue to balk humane
Endeavor; and that the great organs of public opinion,——pulpit, press,
courts, senates and. seats of learning know these facts without impa-
tience to correct them. Since by acquiescence government forfeits its
right to rule and the church to teach, receptive well-intentioned per-
sons, trusting Reason and the benefioent tendencies of Natural Law,
heeding signs of the times around and within them,~must resent con-
ventional authority and Seriously ask what is right. Believing in the
ability and duty of people to manage their own affairs financially, po-
litically, socially, and religiously, we put Free Enquiry on the flag of
our purpose, shall follow wherever Truth leads, incarnate Growth,
breaking the way for coming generations. But in the path of progress
we find a leash of savage statutes, “dogs of war,” trained and kept by
religio-political Intolerants, to hunt down and destroy those “guilty” of
serious intention to discover, proclaim and abolish the causes of social
evil." The so-called Comstock “laws,”enacted ostensibly for the sup-
pression of “obscene literature,” * hav been used mainly to harry
writers and publishers. disposed to quicken thought on- the grave issues
of Love and Parentage,—ten years imprisionment and $5000 fine being
the extent of the penalties provided .to punish those who acquire or
impart knowledge to promote physiological discretion in the concep-
tion and birth of children! Of these obscenity “Statutes,” whether
State or national; of “laws,” making‘ Bible reading compulsive in pub-
lic schools—of all legislative hindrance 01‘ perversion of freedom of
Thought, Speech, Press 0'!" THE MAILS, wE DEMAND IMMEDIATE AND
UNCONDITIONAL REPEAL. ~
* In 1836 Calhoun and Jackson asked a Democratic, pro-slavery Congressto ex-
clude from the United States mails anti-slavery publications, then assailed as “in-‘-
cendiary literature;”, opposed by Clay, Benton, Webster. “Honest John” Davis
of Mamachusetts, and other able men, the bill failed. 4 In 1873, 3'7 years later, the
Comstock bill infinitely more invasive and tyrannical than Calhoun’s, passed a
Republican, “anti-slavery” Congress, was signed by a Republican President,
FREE
SPEECH.

(Grant) and has been mercilessly enforced under successive Republican adminis- ’
trations! Under that "law” Victoria C. Woodhull, Tennie Claflin, Col. J. H.
Blood, Geo. Francis Train, John A. Lant, Dr. E. B. Foote, Ezra H. Heyw- 0d,
D. M. Bennett, H. L. Barter, and many others were imprisoned or heavily fined
for conscientious, self-sacrifici 1g effort to abolish social evil! Under state “laws”
of like vicious tendency, Abbie Dike Lee, Frank Rivers, Dr.Sar-a B.Cl"ase,Dr.
Floyd, Josephine S. Tilton, W. S. Bell, G. S. Balwin and scores Of others were
imprisoned or prosecuted and held {or trial as “criminals,” because they believe
that Intelligence, not ignorance, is the natural guardian of social nurity ! The
most notable of the “Obscene” books are Knowlton's “Fruits of Philosophy,”
div
10 UNION REFORM.
The Labor Question, discussed by A. Wood, Mr. Appleton, Mr.
Wiley, Mrs. Bolles, Mrs. Heywood, Mrs. Harmon,
LABOR Messrs. Orvis, Andrews, Swain, Wheeler, Heywood, and
REFORM. others, in the Conventions, has long been carefully stud-
ied by our people, most of whom are devoted ‘to special
lines of activity,—Mr. Wood’s work dating back to the labor move-
ment of 1828—40, when Robert Rantoul, Jr., Edward Everett, Wm.
Cullen Bryant, Samuel J. Tilden, Dr. Channing, Geo. Ripley, Chas. A.
Dana did good service in its behalf. Regarding a reduction of the
hours of labor, imperatively desirable, a most appalling state of affairs
is apparent in our cities and manufacturing districts, where the great
bulk of propertyv is held by an artful, cunning few,.but its creators,
working people, are mostly poor,—the property class having leisure,
ease, “culture,” social preferment, while the laborers hav dependence,
intellectual and moral stupefaction, with the other usual accompani-
ments of a general doom of poverty. But since the advantages of one
class and the adversities of the other are both the result of different
means of subsistence and enjoyment within their reach ; and since,
while labor is naturally agreeable to human beings, an excess of it is
not a common fault, except when imposed by compulsive conditions——
the operative being. quite as willing to work six hours, instead of eleven,
provided he could get for it as much, or greatly less than as much, as
the capitalist gets who rides to his office at nine and goes home at
three—it'is evident that the causes of poverty lie deeper than the “eight-
hour philosophy” has looked. ldleness, intemperance, vagrancy,—the
various reasons assigned for the penury of working people, by those
who hav no interest or desire to settle this question on the basis of
fundamental Equity, are out of order and impertinent in the discussion;
for these vices, bad enough in themselves, hav nothing to do with the
equity case in issue, and are much more prevalent in the property class
than in the working class. We do not like to be poor, drunk, ignorant
or dependent; pushed that way by adverse conditions; doomed to be
always at work, yet always poor, why is the wealth which we create
enjoyed by those whose chief business is to win a living without work?
It is a universally admitted principle that Labor is the source of Wealth;
hence the equitable basis of ownership is Service; there is no other
tenable claim to property, except one receives it as a free gift from
another who earns it. Land, mines, forests, water courses, naturally
free as air and light, being produced by no human agency, can right-
fully be appropriated by none to the ,exclusion of others of equal needs.
To presume to own these or sell them, or any buildings or other valua—
bles thereon, for more than cost, for more than an equivalent for the
labor actually expended thereon contravenes the fundamental claim to
the Bradlaugh book ; Annie Besant’s “Law of Population,” Dr >Foote’s “Words
in Pear ” and Mr. Heywood’s “Cu id’s Yokes,”—the latter having sent four

,men and two women to Jail, and een prosecuted and complained of in many
other cases—meeting persecution which for superstitious rancor is unparalleled by
any book since the publication of Paine’s Age of Reason. One of the most im-
pudent, senseless uses of Comstock’s “law” 1s the exclusion of certain reform
newspapers Foote’s Health Monthly,K1nget's Health Journal, Stillman’s Agents
Advocate an Mr. Butt’s Man) from pound rates in the mail, on the groundless
charge that they are“mere advertizing sheets!” Thus the U. S. government holds
reform papers criminal.’ Putting “incendiary” in ‘place of “obscene,” changing
one word in the infamous Comstock Statute, will giv capitalists savage power to
suppress labor-money-reform publications.
UNION REFORM. I1
property in the fact that Labor is the source of wealth. If you get a.
profit out of another’s labor, you get something for nothing, get what
does not rightfully belong to you and defraud the real owner that much.
Taking a leaf from the “supply-demand” bible of the capitalists, who
employ all possible strategy to get the most for what they hav to sell,
laborers call into the limits of organization existing skill, under a mu-
tual agreement to teach the art to no new comers. Thus by checking
increase of supply, the demand increases and they control the market
in which Service is offered for sale. Trades unions on this, their usual
basis,are an attempted monopoly of knowledge,which if successful would
put a stop to human progress; though a natural outgrowth from the
necessities of a hard pushed class, though logically right when judged
by the “principles” on which business is usually done, still, the above '
practice is inconsistent with liberty and indefensible in morals. But
prohibitory tariffs, restricted money, whether of specie orpaper, the
assumed ownership of land and its kindred natural resources, the spec-
ulative control of railways, telegraphs, currency and the products of
industry generally are monopolies, infinitely more iniquitous in princi-
ple and hostile to the general welfare than ‘any that Labor is able to
maintain. Hence we follow the lead of impartial Liberty and essential
Equity, regardless of whether our course wins favor from either laborers
or capitalists, or brings on us the curses of both. Believing in oppor-
tunity and reciprocity, in the Natural RightIof workers, the world over,
to produce and exchange commodities, unrestricted by local class in-
terests, our Purpose is to abolish utterly the extant speculative tenure
of property and put wealth into the hands that create it, ' Stated on
platforms always free to opponents, these views of Labor Reform hav
stood the, ,test of searching criticism, during many years, and are be-
coming settled moral convictions in steadily increasing numbers of in-
telli gent people. 1. .. _
Since Labor is the ‘source of wealth, creates all values equitably vendi-
ble, the poverty of working people, caused not by their
LAND lack of skill or thrift, is a condition imposed on creative
REFORM. Service by the stealthy greed of capitalists who, monop-
olizing land, currency, and other means of production
and exchange, make advantage-taking not Service, the basis of busi-
ness, force unnatural increase to favor a few cunning players of the
game and ‘render the progressive inequality of wealth inevitable.’ Prop-
erty in land, which begets rent, and credit monopoly, which makes
usury possible, are the chief means by which Capital, holding Labor in
lucrative vassalage, hinders and spoliates Enterprise to enrich a privil-'
eged few. The land reform phase of our work, back through memora-
ble and still persisting activities of J. K. Ingalls, Wm. Rowe, Louis
Masquierier, Henry Beeny, G. S. Weeks, R. W, Hume and George H.
Evans in New York, has many co-operating impulses in historic, life,
not the least notable of which is the democratic motive apparent in de-
crees of the Hebrew Socialist, Moses :—
“The land shall not be sold forever, for the land is mine, saith the Lord.” Jew-
ish theocracy, in behalf of Natural Right, which existed before government, and
will survive it. every fiftieth year proclaimed liberty “throu beat all the land,
unto all the inhabitants thereof ”—liberty of person, and also 0 property ; houses,
lands, nothing could be sold beyond the day of Jubilee, when contracts ceased,
(llgbtésgwg'pe gzsrpungedjx‘ and “every man returned unto his possession.”—Lev. warv.
* Andrew Johnson said, in a message to Congress, thnt U. S. bonds should be
12 UNION REFORM.


The “Pay-No- Rent” decree of the Irish Land League, issued Oct. 18,
1881, is the first recognition, on a national scale, of the Free Land
Idea—that human beings, men, women and children, hav a Natural
Right to land as to air and sunlight; that so-called “laws,” which im-
pose rent, or sanction traflic in land for gain, are unjust, immoral and
therefore void. The Irish manifesto, whether meant as a war measure,
or the Fiat of Truth, is the WoRn made fact; an utterance of primary
wants of Being in behalf‘of universal Enterprise; like Magna Charta,
the Declaration of Independence and Negro Emancipation, it is a step
towards Liberty,—the release of nations and races from the devouring
avarice of Usury. The heaviest tax on Labor and business, in Boston,
New Yer/c, London and Paris, as well as Ireland, is RENT; not merely
a charge for the wear and tear of buildings, which vis an incidental
item of cost, and justifiable as such, but ground Rent,—an inexorable,
perpetual, insatiable claim for the use of land which, like air and light,
is the gift of Nature, impartially ‘to all; and for the possession or use
of which no one can equitably take pay. Ownership in mines, forests
and water-courses, for what they will “yield” of the fruits of others’
labor is equally indefensible. Thanks to land-reform effort, we hav the
Homestead Law; but, in the service of Speculative ‘Robbery, Congress
gins empires of public land to corporations, thereby starting scores of
Irish landlord systems* here, helping Usury vwith one hand grasp
~ ' "'es, \Vest ; with the other repress and‘v plunder stru gglin g
_ East. . ~ '
What ver views prevail relative to the inequity of taking interest
~ for the use of money, most people like to avoid paying
MONEY - it; but though Conscience, in all ages and nations, has
REFORM. discerned and denounced its injustice, not until within
recent years was it discovered that interest, like slavery
or piracy, having no basis in Natural Right, exists only by the monop-
oly of Credit sustained by invasive statutes. Josiah Warren, P. J.
Proudhon and Wm. B. Greene were among the first to see that rent and
usury must go when Liberty comes ; that Credit being naturally gra-
tuitous, when Labor, the source of Credit, becomes actually the basis
“expunged,” when the original amount loaned was returned in the form of inter-
est ; so Moses struck a blow at speculative theft in his decrees against usury. In-
terest for the use of money, or increase without service, is an unscientific savagism,
widely prevalent, but which the light of reason will dispel. Value is a perisha-
ble (as well as a steal-able) qualit ; property decays, interest devours—the two
drawing in opposite directions. f I loan you value and you defend it against
decay and thieves ought you not to be paid for the service ‘.7 The idea that inter-
est is the loaner's share of profits is a denial of the right of property; for since
there can be no wealth without service, he who wins profits without work, takes

the property of another, returning no equivalent. Aristotle’s head was'logically.
level when he said, “Interest is most reasonably detested.” When Moses (Dent.
'xv. ; 1,2) decreed the repudiation of debts once in seven years, calling it “The
Lord’s release,” (on the ground that by the usual rate of profits debts double in
seven years and are thereby paid in the form of usury) he spoke from MT. SCIENCE
as well as Mt. Sinai. -
* From 1862 to 1871 there were 175,835,405 acres of publicland given to R. R.
Cos. ; an area equal to Maine, New Hampshire, Vcrmont, Massachusetts. Rhode
Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland,
Ohio, Indiana and 29 states as large as R. I. besides! Areas larger than all of
Belgium..Denmark, England, Ireland, Scotland, Greece, Hollan , Switzerland,
Baden; Bavaria,'Hanover and Portugal combined. The Northern Pacific alone got
47,000,000! In 1850-70, 20 years, Congress gave to R. R. Cos. 208,344,268 acres !
UNION REFORM. 13
‘*1
of exchange, the interest-extorti'omnow sustained by restrictive leg-
islation, will be impossible. Carlyle said, “Could we but find the neck
of this monster which sucks the life-blood of Labor, making poverty
inevitable, it were easily beheaded; ” “There’s terrible injustice some-
where in our property laws,” said Theodore Parker, but he died unable
to tell where; age after age workers hav revolted only to sink back
into baffled submission to the intolerable inequity. The Free-Land
Faith, destined to abolish Rent, is giant-twin of the Free Money Idea,
which will destroy Interest; formulated in Thought, supported by all
worthy to be called Science in political economy, the Free-Money
Faith is the basis of associative action in reform, a positive growing
power in politics; as the “Almighty Nigger” symbolized “theirrepres
sible conflict” of Liberty with pro-slavery ‘parties, so the “Rag-baby”
heralds the downfall of Usury. Its first profession of political faith,
made by the National Labor Union, in Chicago, Aug., 1867, the
Greenback party transcends, in rapidity of growth, every other im-
pulse in our politics, leaving far behind, in comparison, the slow
advance of Liberty-partyism from its birth in'1835—8, to 1860, when
the slave elected Lincoln.* Presented by Josephine R. Stone, Mr. Mc-
Kenzie, Dr. Lawrence, Mr. Van _Benthuysen and others, Greenbackism
is rejected by many of our people, though all sense impending Evolu-
tion in Finance, co-operative Faith ,in the Air, which will probably‘
soon hav a local habitation and a name in the shape of Greene's “Mu-
tual Banking,” Lysander Spooner’s well-defined scheme, or some other
~formulation of the Natural Right of business men and working people
to provide their own money at their own risk and 00813.1‘
* Birney, in 1844, had 62,300. votes; Van Buren, in ’48, 291,236; Hale, in ’52,
156,149 ; Fremont, in ’56, 1,341,264. In their first serious national effort, the
Greenbackers gave Cooper and Carey, in 1876, 81,740 votes: in ’80, Weaver and
Chambers had 305,729 votes ; in recent state elections these figures hav been, rela-
tively, more than doubled! While the Greenback party incarnates wholesome
revolt against legalized extortion, its idea of an exclusive government currency‘,
money of authority rather than money of Liberty, is indefensible ; hence its work
is mainly destructive, breaking the way for the liberation of Credit, for Free
Money. One of the best extant statements of the Union Reform view of finance
may be found in Mr. Andrews’ “Labor Dollar,” price 10 cents; address Benj.- R.
Tucker, Publisher, Box 3366, Boston, Mass.
1'The people are insurgent against the national bank monopoly; a Republican
Legislature of Maine chartered 29 state banks which were vetoed by Greenback
Governor Plaisted. Not merely a theory of finance, but the growing Sense of
Equity bankers must now face and administer ; “success” in banking hitherto has
been in getting pay many times over, in usury, for money loaned ; Labor Reform-
ers discovered that debts paid once in the form of interest are e uitably paid and
should be cancelled : when this righteous conclusion, sustaine by enlightened
science, Natural Equity and the inspired teachings of all .Bibles, gets into the
heads of voters and jurymen there will be no power to compel the continued re-
ayment of debts, and governments will cease to be the sleuth-hounds of usurers.
R/Ioney Reform implies free, honest banking and the abolition of all power to get
pay for loans, stocks, labor or other values more than once. The views of rent and

usury which come down to us ,in the “repudiation” measures of Moses, Solon,-
Lycurgus and other great statesmen, who still live in memorable deeds, are echoed
by ‘Thomas Jefferson who says, “The earth belongs in usufructto the living; the
dead 'hav neither power nor ri hts over it.” Relative to the savage grip of usury
in overnment debts, Amasa alker, in Science of Wealth, page 360-1. says,
“I one generation imposes a tax on another, it is slavery or labor taken without
compensation. . . The right to tax posterity at pleasure is the right to,establish
a most terrific des otism. . . It is little matter whether this is brought about by
lawless violence or egal exactions.” - '
I
14 UNION REFORM.
The most beneficent word this age has given to literature, Co-opera-
tion, equitable commerce was ably presented by Mr.
GO-OPERATION. Orvis, and is now practically illustrated by him' and his
associatesin the N. E. Equity Union, Boston. To mere-
ly widen the basis of advantage-taking capital, attempt to equalize
profit-theft rather than abolish it, as ‘in the old Protective-Union Store
movement, in the Grange and Sovereigns-of—lndustry efi'orts, does not
realize the abiding faith in Mutualism, in Ideal-material Reciprocity
which animates Union Reformers; finding rent and usury the chief hin-
drances to co-operative enterprise, they think abolition of property in
raw materials and removal of restrictions on exchange indispensably
necessary to progressive harmony. While every phase of Associative
Thrift, * in the material realm, has our hearty good speed, we would
quicken the mental and spiritual forces which impel action and assure
prosperous destiny. That Truth is expansive, manifold, many-sided,—
many paths to it and many mansions in it, is evident: still, intuitive
illumination, conscientious Individuality, impulse to venture, persis-
tent endeavor, rest, in activity, come as Souls are at home in Spirit;
through liberation of persons from conventional force and finesse,—
come not of supervision, but by Spontaneity. Hence in all matters of
opinion, belief, health, habit or custom, we resent compulsive policies,
and insist that the Natural Liberty of persons,—of men, women and
children—shall be respected. However ignorant, vicious or criminal
one may be, his or her personality must be recognized before co-oper-
ation with that person is possible. \Vith this view,_in behalf of Health
Reform, effectively urged by Mrs. Dr. Harmon, Mrs. Dr. Vibbert, Mrs.
Martha Williams, M. D., and other Hygienists, we favor Free Physi-
cians and Patients’ Rights,—the repeal of statutes giving to any school
or schools of practice, power to monopolize remedial agents, or other-
wise hinder free competition in curative effort. Since blood-poisoning
by vaccine matter, drugs or other unnatural agents is extremely hurt-
ful, wev earnestly endorse the Anti-vaccination movement, incipient
here, but vigorously urged in England, and insist that bodily disease
calls for Intelligence, not coercive legislation. Respecting that wide-
spread and inveterate vice, intemperance in the use of intoxicants,
Rev. Mr. Vibbert, Dea. J. T. Everett and E. A. Mirick stoutly favor
total prohibition of the liquor traffic ; while Mr. Heywood, Dr. Swain,
Mrs. L. M. Tilton, E. W. Stuart and others see in this an aggravation,
not the cure of inebriacytf Crediting sincerity of purpose to Prohibi-
* When trade is absolutely free, equitable exchange, co-operation will prevail ;
the maker of a coat, East, gets $2 for what thewearer, West, pays $10; the
raiser, West, gets '2 for a barrel of flour for which caters, East, pay $10 ; con-
sumers of coal in ew England pay millions annually of which miners of coal in

Pennsylvania get little ; miners pay high for fabrics which our artisans produce '
at Overty prices,—all this because ring-masters between, fleece both producers
an consumers. So“protective” tariffs hinder international fraternity ; Free Trade,
the law of Nature, should be the law of nations—will be when Labor has its own.
1'Evolutionists and Prohibitionists both favor repeal of license laws; an old-
time 'Abolitionist, Hon. F. W. Bird, of Walpole, Mass., nowa clear-headed Dem-
ocrat “stood up to be counted” for Free Rum, in the Social Science ‘Congress at
Saratoga, Sept. 10'; 1881. Rum will rule “religion,” liquor saloons. outwit
churches in politics, until conventional Intrusion ceases to assail Personal Integri-
ty ; dram-shops favoring Liberty are more moral than churches opposing it, be-
cause they do not prohibit the knowledge and self-respect indispensible to sobriety.
If boys cannot pass by whiskey-dens, are not “safe” unless I.olice are watching
\
UNION REFORM. 15
tionists, the “law” they seek is simply power to fine and imprison
those who difl'er from them in opinion regarding temperance ; power
to silence by legislative torture those whom they hav not convinced by
argument. Diseased appetites, demanding intoxicants, will be sup-
plied, “law” or no “law” to the contrary; in the drink-curse, makers
and buyers are equal partners with sellers; without buyers there can
be no makers or sellers; hence temperance reformers should transcend
diseased appetite, by better Generation and birth of children: when
implanted it should hav medical, social and educational remedies. Not
vindictive statutes, but wise parentage, quickened Reason, active
Moral Sense, character, society, good minds in sound bodies,——these
are the cure for imtemperance. 1n behalf of the suffering and dumb
multitudes restrained of their liberty in jails, John M. Spear, the life-
long Prison Reformer, appealed to responsive hearts in all listeners;
L. K. J oslin, the devoted apostle of Peace, urged the abolition of the
causes and custom of war; H. N. Stone and Prof. Rawson favored the-
ological reform, Free Speech and Free Mails ; MrsMiddlebrook Twiss,
Mr. Leland and Mrs. Heywood, considered Social Freedom; Mrs.
Chappelle, Mr. Andrews, Mr. Chaapel expounded Spiritualism; relig-
ion, love, labor, liberty ; health, wealth, temperance, peace,——every
noble cause * co-operates in Union Reform. - Y
The confluence of plural forces in singular Enterprise, Union Reform
is a'meeting of citizens in the. realm of Mind where- Free-
MORALS IN dom and Order so instinctively prevail that Service is
PoLmcs. pleasure, inclination duty, none command and none obey.
Aiming to transcend immoral statutes, by repeal or nulli-
fication; obeying Right rather than men, weassert our natural, inalien-
able claim to Life, Liberty and means to ,vinaintain them, improvising
needed guarantees for social self-protection‘. When politics means
right, doing, it interests and arouses women ; that is their afair; truth
and duty, justice and mercy, onset and peace,—all the great and grand
things to which woman’ s nature swiftly surrenders itself, and to which
it clings, are in the line of our purpose. Too long hav bad policies
them (who will watch the police ?) you better learn in Free Love Conventions, or
Cupids Yokes, how to hav no more such children. Since Temperance, like other
virtues, comes to stay only through Liberation and Self-Rule, we favor repeal of
restrictive statutes, Free Rum as the natural right of venders and consumers,—the
best way to make drunkenness self-correcting.
* One of the most perversely deceptive obstacles to social growth is unreasoning
deference to Leyalism, thetendency to obey any fraud masked in the word “law ;”
summumjus, summa injuria, the reign of law is the reign of oppression. Against
Legalism we invite co-operative revolt; since Personal Life, not collective inertia,
ls the positive force which assures social order, we urge citizens to be a law unto
themselves, in all matters of faith and practice, whatever government may decree
to the contrary ; the inspirational purpose to resist wrong or assert right in poli-
ties, as occasion calls, is known in the Pantarchy as the Political Order of Free
Lances ; it was illustrated in 1836, when the labor vote made Edward Everett Gov.
of Mass. ; in 1867, when, under the lead of Mr. Heywood, working people elect-
ed James E. English Gov. of Conn.; in 1880, when inde endent voters, the
“scratchers” chose H. M. Plaisted Gov. of Me. ; Hale of N. IT‘l., Sumner of Mass,
Chase of Ohio, were first elected to the United States Senate, not by party
votes, but by insurgent Conscience. Impulsive resistance to Legalism was
potently voiced in the great Indignation Meeting in Fanueil Hall, Aug. 1, 1878,

which, defving the courts, reversing public opinion, greatly helped to liberateMr. ,
Heywood from Dedham Jail ; it moved 200,000 citizens to petition for Mr. Ben-
nett’s release from Albany Penitentiary; it inspires the Irish Land League, re-
senting invasive robbery, to assert Natural Law and Order.
16 UNION REFORM.
prevailed; Censorship of the Press; insolent corporations; insatiable
monopoly ; incipient Imperialism,—a savage brood of political vultures
hav been hatched since 1861 ; corruption stalks abroad in stately ar-
rogance ; politics is a stench in the nostrils of the people. ‘In the
work of cleansing public and private morals woman is at home; her
natural love of religion and morality inspires the higher morality of
Human Rights, which includes not merely suffrage but Being. In the
basic issues of land and money, which now engage Europe and Amer-
ica, she is the heart of effort; in the Greenback National Convention
at Chicago, June, 1880, there were five women delegates from as many
different States, one of whom was from Massachusetts, Mrs. Stone of
Boston, where‘ the arrival of the feminine element in politics was early
' notable; if Boston is not suificiently alert to inform the New Order,
Princeton is awake to quicken Boston, and New York 'comes up to
back Princeton. The Ladies Land League, a signal tower of strength to
the Irish cause here, foils Gladstone’ s legions at home, carrying firmly
forward the Land-and-Liberty flag, wrested by invaders, from the grasp
of men now in prison for their faith. For the timely, arduous, redeem-
ing service done by Mrs. Stanton, Mrs. Mott, Lucy Stone, Susan Antho-
ny, Mrs. Hooker, Mrs. Gage, and associates in the suffrage movement,
their names are dearly cherished. ' Women want Personal Honesty in
public affairs, such as we insist on in the transactions of private life;
the very word, Woman, has a worldful of promise to the oppressed and
suffering masses; disgusted with the shallow conceit and gawdy at-
tire of the female counterparts of a bad type of male politicians, peo-
ple- now call for the solid worth of the American woman, the Irish wife
and Working 'Girls. The interests of workingm'en and women are
one; the interests‘ of Man and Woman are one; they counterpart, co-
act, intensify mutual activities; life culminates in face to face experi-
ence, in the exquisite nearings or confluence of the two great magnetic
hemispheres of Being. Politics must obey morals, not morals politics;
truth, justice and fidelity which inform Honesty; hope, charity and
mercy which liv and move in Love ; morality, religion and virtue
which are the central life of communities,—these are among the watch-
words of our Faith. Moralizing money, trade, state, church, school,
home,—attuning effort to the indwelling harmony of Nature, law will
be intelligent .and rIntelligence LAW. The wholeness of me, self-re-
specting andhearty, apparent as I defer to You, giving hoping, for
nothing in return; the' thought of two or three, Truth in .One, may in-
form all with the irresistible Sincerity which inspires persons, moves
masses, assures progress. In heart-throbs of persons expecting each
other ; in the thrilling mutualism of domestic life, power to liv and thrive
together; in Service always beneficent, Agreement to which all things '
are possible, forecasting Fate where assistance is needed, discovering
and proclaiming Ideas which, opening new paths, help all and hinder
none ; in prophetic AFFLATUS, prolific, irrepressible SPONTANEITY,
which develops or discards creeds, constitutions, church, state, nations,
customs,-—resides the ever-living, all-creating Genius of Association.
- Written by E. H.‘ Heywood, in behalf of The Union Reform League,
' STEPHEN PEARL ANDREWS, President.‘
' ; -MAY Pnrnnsofij EZRA H. HE'YwooD, Secretaries.
EVOLUTION, REVOLUTION.
FREE LAB OR, FREE LO VE, ANTI-DEATH ANP TAXES.—Uslmr
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and work out your own Salvation, incarnating EQUITY, cost what it may.
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