Founded in 1867 Jesus Christ is Civil Governor Among the Nations - - Christian Education. Not War. Make the World Safe for Democracy Vol. LVII. SEPTEMBER, 1923 The National Reform Association Organized in 1863 Headquarters: Publication Building, 209 Ninth St., Pittsburgh, Pa. Jehovah bringeth the counsel of the nations to nought. Blessed is the nation whose God is Jehovah. Psalm 33. The wicked shall be turned back unto Sheol, Even all the nations that forget God. Psalm 9. Go ye therefore and make disciples of all nations. Matthew 18. w By His Divine Law, nations like individuals, are subjected to punishments and chastisements. Abraham Lincoln. No nation ever fell while it was right with God. The duty as well as the safety of our nation is to make its submission to the Divine Ruler. The Christian Statesman. º: OFFICERS President. Thomas D. Edgar First Vice President........... Charles F. Wishart General Secretary.................................. James S. McGaw General Superintendent........................... James S. Martin Corresponding Secretary..................... John C. Nicholas | Asst. Gen. Superintendent Treasurer James S. Tibby Recording Secretary. º Assistant Treasurer Henry Peel | ſº º * C- º 5 ºr T H E C H R T S T I A N S T A T E S M A N (FOUNDED IN 1867) Published Monthly at $2.00 the Year by The National Ref Associati e all OIla. €TOIII] SSOC18.TIOI) (ORGANIZED IN 1863) 209 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. COMITTEE ON PUBLICATION:— R. C. Wylie, James S. Martin, Thomas D. Edgar, A. B. Cooper, Lyman E. Davis, J. H. McQuilkin; Frank J. Cannon, Chairman. - Editor-in-Chief—RICHARD CAMERON WYLIE -- Associate Editors—Thomas H. Acheson, Dorothy C. Hyde Business Manager—Arthur B. Cooper SEPTEMBER C O N T E N T S 1923 Page Page He Paid the Final Devotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 EDITORIAL Calvin Coolidge, the Steadfast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The Only Saving Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 His Best Textbook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Shortsighted Politicians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 The American Public School System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Ghastly Divorce Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . #4 Jabez Says . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * The Real Plan for Peace ...... ------------ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 And Martha Says . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 - Education in the Shaping of National Life . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Mormon Vanity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 - - A Speedy Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 - - OUTLOOK - - The Consultation Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Reforming the Yellows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1() - mºn ... ITT- 7 --~ The Sporting English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Why Not Try the Jury System 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Broke the Town . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Make the Miner's Work Steady . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 The Worm Has Turned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Present Status of the Bible in Public Schools . . . . . . . . 22 Into the Sewers Direct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Stirrings of Revolt in Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Don't Recognize Russia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 What's the Matter with the Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 º That Chemical Foundation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11 Christian Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Notes by the Way . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Day of Prayer for the Bible in the Schools . . . . . . . . . . 31 Address contributed articles to the Editorial Department; and business communications to the Business Department; Christian Statesman, Fourth Floor Publication Building, 209 Ninth St., Pittsburgh, Pa. º - } Entered as Second Class matter, July 30, 1906, at Pittsburgh, Pa., under Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. º - September, 1923 - [Page ºne] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N - - - He Paid the Final Devotion The Great Physician touched him, and he passed, as if in sleep, to that domain where there is no woe. - º On the second day of August, 1923, Warren Gamaliel Harding, twenty-ninth President of the United States, died in the Palace hotel, San Francisco. - Returning from his summer trip to Alaska, the President was attacked by ptomaine poisoning on shipboard. But, notwithstanding the urgings of his physicians, he insisted upon fulfilling his engagements to speak at Van- couver and Seattle. The strain was too much for his enfeebled condition; and he was rushed by train to San Francisco under orders from his attendant doctors that his further public appearance must be remitted and he must return to Washington for a period of rest. - Good word was sent out from the sick room; and on the morning of August 2, the whole nation believed that the President was quite certain to find full restoration to his remarkable vigor and to his exalted duties. At 7:30 o'clock on Friday night August 2, while Mrs. Harding was reading to him, he said: “That’s good! Go on. Read some more.” He had raised his hand in a gesture to accompany the words; and when Mrs. Harding turned to look at him she saw his face change into the gray of death. The physicians say that the immediate cause of death was a stroke of apoplexy induced by bronchial pneumonia which followed undue exertion after the attack of ptomaine poisoning. His death then was the result of a devotion to the duty which he had appointed unto himself, to take the country and the world into his confidence in a series of public addresses during his journeyings to and from Alaska. It may be too early to make an estimate of the work which President Harding performed during his two years and five months in the most exalted place which a human creature can occupy in this world. History will measure these things not so much by their motive as by their effectiveness; and the realization of his foreign diplomacies and his domestic policies is yet to be seen. Of one thing, however, all the world may be aware—now, as well as if generations had passed. Warren G. Harding brought into the Presidency a devout conscientiousness—a determination to fulfill the duties of his office for the benefit of humanity and under the inspiration of Almighty God. The reverent tone of his words when notified of his nomination and the solemn pledge which he made on his induction into office, coupled with his cor- responding deeds, showed that to the full extent of his powers he desired to be a minister of God unto the people in the civil sphere. The nation mourns his going; and justice will lovingly guard his fame. The career of Warren G. Harding is one more demonstration that any American boy can attain to the limit of his capacity and his will. He was born on a farm in Blooming Grove, Morrow County, November 2, 1865, the son of a physician and farmer. Up to fourteen years of age he attended the neighborhood school; but after that he made his own way—attending a small college and working in a printing office for his sustenance. Before he was twenty he had engaged in the newspaper business at Marion, Ohio, and from this time on, his whole career was that of an industrious, thrifty, ambitious citizen of the republic. The great honors which came to him cannot fall to the lot of every boy, but they are the rightful aspiration of every boy. He owed very little to adventitious circumstances, but everything to an orderly and religious and resolute life. - His greatest value in all his personal contact with problems large and small in his official life, was that he knew people. His varied experiences had made him quickly responsive. And in meeting the exigencies of a world condition unparalleled, his instinct of consideration for the human element, was a wisdom which exceeded the learning of books. . The desire of Warren G. Harding was to be useful in the world; and sad as is his death, great as was the shock to the country, perhaps his death was the crown of his usefulness. For the circumstances make another one of the sanctified examples to youth in America, of a brave and steadfast life, blessed by opportunity utilized, ser- viceable beyond measure to the nation and to the world, and finally consecrated by duty performed up to the last breath of the mortal frame. The sorrow in his going is sweetened by the consciousness of what he wrought in life and by the inspira- tion which is transmitted by death in the performance of his sublime duties. - [Page Two.] - August, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Calvin Coolidge, the Steadfast s ‘‘I have faith that God will direct the destinies of our nation.” That was the statement of Calvin Coolidge upon his hearing that Warren G. Harding had passed away. In that expression we have an enlightenment of the character of our new President and an assurance that he will seek to serve the nation under an inspiration from the Divine Ruler. - Calvin Coolidge is of the resolute Puritan stock. And his own experiences have served to cultivate in him the natural characteristics of the Puritan strain. Like his predecessor he was born in the country and in rather humble circumstances of life. He worked as a boy and as a young man to attain his education - and his training in the law. And when he came to office early, he had the strength and composure of the : stock from which he sprang and the granite of the mountain state in which he first saw the light. i Ordinarily no one act of a man’s life can give a complete portrayal of his character, but there are cru- cial occasions under which the word and act of a man may be completely illuminating because that act and that word are clearly a demonstration of antecedents and of dominating purpose. Having reached the govern- orship of the State of Massachusetts by steady ascent supported by the appreciation of his observant fellow citizens, in 1918 Governor Coolidge was confronted by one of those extraordinary situations in American life : which call for the biggest and best that is in an official personage. And he responded in such a way as to thrill the whole nation. Instantly he not only became a leading figure in this country but he attracted at- tention around the world. The city of Boston was threatened with mob rule. The whole police force had gone on strike. Bands of marauders paraded the streets. The municipal authorities were helpless. Then Governor Coolidge came down from the State House; as commander and chief of the militia of the state he ordered the troops upon active duty; he dispersed the mob; and he saved Boston. : Just at that time this act had a greater significance than can appear in cold words. There was a nation- wide movement to organize police forces into unions and to make them creatures of the Federation of Labor. Governor Coolidge took the high and correct view that the police were servants of the whole public, sworn to perform a public duty; and that when they violated their oath of office and threw the city into chaos, it was the duty and the right of the chief executive of the state to quell the insurrection and to demonstrate | that law and order must not be made the pawns in a game between organized labor and the capital which it opposed. - -- Governor Calvin Coolidge held that the right union for police forces was the union of loyal citizenship. Innumerable voices begged the governor to refrain from intervention. They gave all sorts of legal and political reasons. They tried to make it appear that his right and his duty did not make it necessary for – - him to enter into local municipal conditions. s But Governor Coolidge was an American of full stature. He was a great lawyer, a great citizen, and a : great leader. He knew where the statutory law merges itself into the law of right established in the hearts of reverent men by the Divine Author of law. And under this human right and divine authority he acted. . He was a formidable candidate for the nomination to the Presidency in 1920; and it waas on his own urg- : ing that his name was withdrawn at the convention. He was nominated to the Vice-Presidency before his : assent had been obtained. i Providence rules in the selection of Presidents of the United States. And in no case has that interven- - tion been more clearly shown than in our having as Vice-President at the time of the lamented passing of Warren G. Harding, a man like Calvin Coolidge to take the reins of power reverently and resolutely for God and Country. - |- ºr RFºrnººnººnººnººrºººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººººº…I September, 1923 [Page Three] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N - - | |. -- – | º º II - – TT — – - º ) - —r }– - = =|- - - i – H - Righteousness - | -- - exalteth a nation: - - sº, Nº. but sin is a reproach WHEN | FOLLO \ºſ to any people. THIS OLD BOOK | ALWAYS GET ALONG SOME HOVV HIS BEST TEXTBOOK [Page Four] September, 1933 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A. N. The American Public School System In the judgment of the writer, the best way to answer the recent criticisms of our position on public education, is to present the essential elements of our American system, indicate the lines along which it should be developed, and finally call attention to the dangers which threaten its in- tegrity if not its very existence. But first a word should be said as the origin and nature of the controversy to which allusion was made in these columns not long ago. Some of our friends who are in hearty sympathy with us on nearly every other point, advocate a system of public education wholly at variance with the American system. They have quite a liking for the parochial system, but are especially fond of that system which has sprung up in Holland. It consists in the formation of schools by the Christian people of each community, to be financed primarily by the people organizing them, but to receive financial support partly or wholly, from the State. Over against this and all other sys- tems designed as substitutes for the system established in the early days of our country, we utter our protest; and in opposition to the same we present the true American System. This system has as its primary aim the training of young people for citizenship. It is sometimes said that in our day our school system has no definite aim. It may be that both teachers and school boards have lost sight of that grand end which the Fathers of our country had in view when our school system was founded. It may be necessary to call some of those Fathers from their graves that we may learn somewhat definitely what their aim was. Those of them who constituted the Continental Congress in 1787 had very definite views. They expressed those views clearly when they said, “Re- ligion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be encouraged.” The aim is good government and human happiness, and the means to be employed which are to be furnished by the school sys- tem are religion, morality and knowledge. With this de- claration we are in most hearty accord. Religion does not mean sectarianism. There are certain religious funda- mentals on which the great body of the people of America agree. They constitute a part of the original, fundamental, unwritten law of the land. They are inwoven in Our laws. They are constantly used by the Government itself. Since a distinction must necessarily be made between religion as it forms an essential element in national life, and in the creeds of the various denominations—differing as they do on points of doctrine–, a distinction must likewise be made between the religious elements that should be taught in the public schools and the religious program that may be used as a guide in the home and in the church. From the very beginning of our public school system the Bible has had a place in our system of education. Its expulsion is of recent date and foreign origin. A half-dozen of our states make daily Bible reading in the school-room compulsory. It is sustained by judicial decisions and public sentiment in nearly every state in the Union. One of our commissioners of education said to the writer that he be- lieved that the Bible was read in ninety per cent of our schools. We are not inconsistent, as our critic declares, but we want the whole educational system, from the primary grade up to the state university, constructed on the Christian plan here indicated. We are opposed to any system already proposed or . that may be proposed, as a substitute for our American system. We have studied these systems one by one and find nothing in them to warrant the laying aside of our present system in favor of any one of them. It is not the province of the State to furnish all the education human beings need, but only that which is necessary in the making of citizens. Both the family and the church should exercise themselves in furnishing the education essential in these in- stitutions. These three institutions should work together harmoniously in developing well rounded and well equipped human beings, well furnished for every good work. It has been suggested that if the writer were to spend a few months in Holland and study the system that is in process of development there he might change his mind on this matter. But it is not necessary to go to Holland. A report on public education was read at the Third World's Christian Citizenship Conference in the year 1919 in the city of Pittsburgh. The writer served on the Committee that prepared that report. There were members from foreign countries including Holland. They explained quite fully the system to which reference is here made. Whether it will succeed in Holland does not now concern us. We are sure that it would not succeed in America. We are also sure that it cannot even be inaugurated in this country on any very extensive scale. If our Christian Reform friends of Grand Rapids, Michigan, do succeed in establish- ing schools fashioned after that pattern they should not too hastily reach the conclusion that the system could ever become general. Not one of our states would ever agree to appropriate public money to support it. What we urge is the retention of our original school system consistently de- veloped, and the rejection of all these foreign substitutes which would result in the destruction of our American system. - R. C. W. September, 1923 [Page Five] T EI E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N ºil JABEZ. SAYS If I were a farmer—as I am not, but as I hope to be in some blessed day to come when other work is done—I would not be able to extract much comfort from the present situation and the assurances which are given by men high in politics, high in finance and high in the schools of political economy. - In plain words, the farmer feeds the world, and then the world spits upon the hand that feeds it. Wheat has gone below a dollar a bushel; and in most parts of this country it costs about $1.50 a bushel to produce and market wheat. So the farmer is working for nothing and boarding himself—and is paying a high license for the privilege. Somebody put a tariff on wheat and told the farmer that he was being protected. But that someone did not elucidate to the farmer how you can protect an export by an import duty. And so the farmer still continues to sell below cost. And someone else told the farmer that he was merely a victim of the law of supply and demand. But that par- ticular someone did not explain to the farmer why the de- mand for what he produces always controls the law when he wants to sell; and why the supply which the manu- facturer produces always governs the law when the farmer wants to buy. And someone else told the farmer that his trouble arose from not having enough labor-saving machinery. But that someone else did not condescend to tell the farmer how he was to pay for new machinery while he was still mortgaged for the old. And someone else told the farmer that the present de- pression was only temporary and all he had to do was to hang on for a few years until world conditions should readjust themselves. But that someone else did not inform the farmer who would own his farm after three years of present prices. And still, and finally, someone else told the farmer to be grateful to God for the opportunity to feed the world. But that someone else has never yet told the farmer that the rest of the world ought to be grateful for being fed. These be hard times for the farmers of the United States. They buy in the highest market in the world. And they sell in the lowest market in the world—that is to say, they sell their staples at the world’s market price. Before that blessed day arrives in which I hope to be- come a farmer, I trust that the farmer will be able to re- ceive something besides fool advice with which to pay his deficits. I wish that the jugglers with international laws and customs and courtesies would get a little common sense into their heads when they consider the Eighteenth Amendment and the Wolstead Act. Some of our misinterpreters, who appear to have the Say-so, act like Kipling’s “Banderlog.” They engage in a mad and useless chattering and movement as if they were going to do something—but they never do it. Consider the recent rulings, or supposed rulings, about the use of liquor on American vessels at sea. Some grave old leader of the Banderlog tribe down at Washington, tells us he cannot discover any right on the part of the captain of an American vessel flying the American flag, to use the police power which is supposed to be in the captain, to prevent any passenger from carrying his own liquor, bring- ing it to the saloon or dining table of the ship, and acting as cocktail mixer for himself and his friends from his own private stock. Then what right has a captain to arrest a passenger, if he uses his own gun to shoot another passenger in the gullet with a 30-30 cartridge? It is just as much against the law to transport whisky as it is to commit homicide. A passenger on an American vessel is under American law. Else the declaration of the Supreme Court that the Constitution follows the flag is silly nonsense. The captain of a sea-going American boat flying the Stars and Stripes, has as much right to prevent the carrying of liquor on board and the use of liquor on board, as he has a right to prevent the operation of a counterfeiting machine by some of his passengers, or to prevent gambling, or to prevent the preaching of treason, or to prevent mutiny. What gets into these fellows down at Washington the minute they have to consider the regulations necessary to enforce the Volstead Act and the Constitution? They ap- pear to think that whisky has rights which every public official is bound to respect; and that all ordinary interpre- tations of the law fail when they are to be applied to the use and misuse of booze. What is wanted is just one resolute captain on an American boat who will say: “I know my country’s Con- stitution and its laws. Anybody who attempts murder under the American flag on my ship will be put in irons. And anybody who attempts to transport whisky on my boat will be put in the cooler and his illicit stuff will be con- fiscated.” Just one sample of that sort of dignity and of right and obedience to law will give this whole question a shake- down into sensibleness. [Page Siac] September, 1923 T H E CH R Is TI A N s T A T E s M A N THA SAYS ºn sirr ºr stir initi ºr 11111111 runnnn innini 111111111111111 intinuinini in 11111111111111111111111111111111"""" fit ºn tº run ºn winninitiºn in minºr intºnºmºrrºr ºn tº 11 ºn 111 surnaissanannºninus arriºr ºriring 111 ºr minºr sºn is arrisºn rrrrrr in irºn in intº ºr writºr-mirrºr 111111111mm in 1111111 rurarrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrri. The first day of school. Sunshine of late summer and zestful air of early fall. Schoolrooms bright and smelly with new varnish. Smiling teachers in unwontedly smart and pretty clothes. Boys compressed again into suits and shoes and collars and ties and everything, after a summer of riotous living, of toe-wriggling, neck-ecstatic comfort. Clean; a “mother wash” this morning, instead of the “lick and a promise” they’ve been giving themselves for three months. Sunburned hair brushed to near-smoothness. Cheerful though in spite of everything—on this first day. Little girls genuinely happy. A week's planning for this appearance. Indulgent mamas have allowed best or second best frocks for the great occasion. Summer dresses of pink, and blue, and yellow, and white. Perky bows on brown or black or golden curls, or straight bobbed hair. Energy; strength; beauty; joy; youth. Almost nine. There is the gong, the music of a march; and the teachers are marking time at the doors. The lines form—rainbow-hued, restless, eager, funny, pathetic, mis- chievous, aspiring, wonderful. - Those shining lines of children turning schoolward each September! One sees them through tears. The hope of them, the fears for them! What will the future mean to them? What will they mean to the future? God bless them, every One. Of all our instances of penny wisdom and pound foolishness, of all our stupidities and cruelties, only one seems more patent and more indefensible than our niggard- finess toward the teachers in our public schools. The greater injustice to which I refer, is our treatment of God's servants in the ministry. Jabez turns his search light on that subject occasionally, and I’m going to use my little flash light on it too sometime. But just at this moment I am intent on teachers. We give them important work—with one exception, that of preaching God’s word—the most important work in the world; and we pay them unimportant salaries. We over- burden them and weaken their effectiveness. Scarcely a city or village in the United States has an adequate number of schools. Buildings are overcrowded and almost every teacher has at least twice as many pupils as she can efficiently teach. Millions for costly, elaborate, sometimes almost use- less public buildings, to thousands for schools. Even where there are enough schools, there are too few teachers, largely because, even with improvement in recent years, salaries are still unattractively low. And this state- ment does not imply that teachers are mercenary. probably think less of the material and more of the mental They and spiritual rewards of their work than do most of us. There is a commonly prevalent idea that teaching– like virtue—is its own reward. We don’t want our teachers to be sordid. Of course we aren’t sordid in the matter. It isn’t that we grudge the money; we simply want our teachers (and all this applies also to preachers) to be above pecuniary considerations. So we put them up on small pedestals—shabby, insecure pedestals at that—and expect them to be happy and grateful. . . . I never tried it but I think a pedestal must be a very uncomfortable place to live. I have a friend who is an incorrigible optimist. Not the dogged, martyr kind that just will be cheerful no mat- ter how hard it is, nor the smug Pullyanna sort that can so bravely and blithely bear other people's griefs; but one who can really laugh—can’t help laughing—at her own troubles. She confided to me once that there were times when she would like to be tragical, interestingly tragical, but that she couldn’t (though she has had cause enough as we who know her best are aware). There seems to be in her heart a little wellspring of pure happiness, that bubbles up through every sort of misfortune or bitter circumstance. I suspect, too, that her keen sense of the dramatic may have something to do with it. She is so evidently east for comedy. Imagine a chubby Lady MacBeth ! - Awhile ago I thought that perhaps she had met a small Waterloo. She was obliged to lose the beautiful teeth that had been not only useful but decidedly ornamental to her; and I remembered her having told me once that she would almost rather die than wear false teeth. But, lo and behold false teeth—her own false teeth, mind you—were funny to her. Now she says that life had begun to grow a bit monotonous and that “store teeth.’’ give it variety. She can wear them or go without. She confesses that she misplaces them sometimes and has exciting times finding them. The other day the pianola next door was grinding out “The Rosary” and in a few moments my friend was singing a version all her own: - “The teeth upon my rubber plate, Are as a string of pearls to me; I count them over every one apart, My dentistry, my dentistry ! “I’ve learned to talk, I’ve learned to chew, I’ve even learned at last to bite; I count each tooth and strive at last to learn, To hold 'em tight–Sweetheart; To hold 'em tight.” - What can you do with a woman like that? I told her that I gave her up ; but I don't—and wouldn’t for a great deal—though, as I said before, she is incorrigible. September, 1923 [Page Seven] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Education in the Shaping of National Life - BY JOHN C. ACHESON, [Abstract of address delivered at Consultation Conference, Winona Lake, Ind., July 3, 1923.] Mr. Benjamin Kidd in his book, “The Science of Power,” gives voice to the judgment that it would be possi- ble to change the trend of an entire nation in a single generation, if the ideals of the desired end could be im- planted in the youth of that generation. From this judg- ment no thoughtful, intelligent man is likely to dissent. The power of education in the shaping of national life, is a fact which the entire course of civilization clearly demonstrates. In a very significant sense national life is an inevitable ex- pression of the educational process, formal and informal, to which a people has been subjected. This fact is so obvious that it requires neither argument nor illustration to estab- lish its validity. Education, therefore, in the life of a nation is a vital and all important factor in relation to its achieve- ments and its destiny. This is true irrespective of the poli- tical form under which the nation functions; but it is pre- eminently true in a representative democracy such as our own: for lacking a broad diffusion of intelligence and virtue —the commanding products of an enlightened and pro- gressive type of education—a republic cannot live. Des- potisms may perpetuate themselves by capitalizing the vices and ignorance of exploited subjects. Not so de- mocracies. Their security and progress depend on the moral character and the intellectual capacity of all the people. To develop a national personality—distinguished by these attributes, is the great task of American education. It is not my purpose to discuss the topic in academic fashion. Its chief interest for us does not lie in the con- sideration of abstract truths to prove the moulding power of education on American life. This fact we readily concede. On the contrary, I believe it will be more profitable for us to dis- cover the end toward which both in method and content, our education is, or should be directed. To realize the finest §emocratic ideals in American life, our whole scheme of formal education, from the primary to the university, needs above all else a clearer vision of the national character it should seek to form, and a more unified determination to adapt methods and processes of instruction toward the de- velopment of this type of character. As another tersely puts it, “The end of education is the production of character fit to function in citizenship.” This end should never be obscured. It should constitute the dominant goal and be recognized as the outstanding objective of our entire edu- cational program. Now it is patent that “character fit to function in citizenship” must be exemplified by citizens en- dowed with certain qualities. The chief problem of educa- tion then, as an ally of democracy in our American life, comprehends the production of an increasing majority of citizens physically fit, mentally alert, industrially efficient and morally sound, with sufficient political capacity and social consciousness to assure their co-operation in the de- velopment of orderly government. To achieve this high purpose public education must be both universal and efficient. Its lofty ideal is the training of all for the service of all. It should include the culture of the hand and the head and the heart. The hand trained for skilled and useful labor; the head disciplined to think quickly and accurately; and the heart grounded in the loftiest conceptions of Christian morality and inspired with a passion for service and sacrifice. That our present edu- cational system but partially meets these requirements will not be denied by its most zealous partisans. Several disconcerting facts that have a vital bearing on national education, were revealed by the war. Nearly 50 per cent of those called to the colors were rejected be- cause of physical imperfections. And the shame of it lies in the fact that a large proportion of the defects recorded were remediable or at least had been in their initial stages. Another reflection to sober and set us thinking is the fact that the overwhelming majority of these young Americans who failed to meet the physical test in the hour of need, was the product of our public schools and colleges. All this bears testimony to still another fact—that, despite its recognized value, physical education has held but a minor place in our school programs. Educators have concerned themselves chiefly with the problems pertaining to the mental development of youth and have treated with in- difference the great and vital field of physical education. Medical inspection in general has been quite superficial, and anything resembling the development on a national scale of a consistent, systematic program for the promotion of health and physical virility among all the pupils in our schools has been sadly lacking. We educators believed in physical edu- cation abstractly, but failed to apply its theories in concrete practice. Truth often becomes so commonplace in the peda- gogic cranium that it loses its dynamic. Unquestionably this has been the case in respect to an intelligent and per- sistent effort on behalf of physical education. Its hygienic, recreative and remedial value none would dispute, yet we have apparently failed in any large way to capitalize these assets for our national welfare. Happily since the War, and mainly by reason of the conditions thus disclosed, education has committed itself to a broader and more com- prehensive effort in this field. And again, 10 per cent of our first draft army, 200,000 young men, many of them native born, could neither read nor write—this is another astounding disclosure of the War. It emphasizes in startling terms the menace of ignorance. Based on the census of 1920 our illiterate population ten years of age and over in the forty-eight states of the Union, approximates 5,000,000 or 7 per cent of the total numeration. Here is an army of illiterates that would stretch across the continent; moving at the rate of 8,000 per hour it would take them almost a month to pass a given point in review. [Page Eight] September, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N The economic loss to the country in productive labor due to the inefficiency of these illiterates, is placed at the enor mous sum of $825,000,000 annually. Death claims charge- able to illiteracy in one industry alone, that of mining, amounted to $2,800,000 last year. Illiterate males twenty- one years of age and over in our forty-eight states, number 2,192,368–approximately 13 per cent of the voting popu- lation. The figures for illiterate women twenty-one years of age and over, show about the same percentage. Illiteracy undoubtedly holds the balance of power in certain of our commonwealths. Here is a condition that should give us pause. Something is radically wrong. We boast of our culture and yet we have blindly permitted the menace of illiteracy to grow in the very heart of the Re- public. Prompt and drastic action is needed to correct this glaring evil. Democracy demands as I have said, a high de- gree of intelligence to render its operation safe and effective. How can there be outstanding efficiency in our political life so long as 13 per cent of the electorate is unable even to read the ballot that it casts? A mass of ignorant voters be- comes inevitably the tool of any shrewd demagogue; and where vice is coupled with ignorance, the venal politician has at hand a horde ready—for a price, to abet his schemes of corruption. Political considerations are not, however, the only reasons why illiteracy must be routed. An ignorant people is always an indigent people; poverty and illiteracy seem to be affinities. The general level of our economic life will be lifted as we drive out ignorance from the body politic. If 200,000 illiterates were reached each year through an ex- penditure of $25,000,000, their enhanced economic efficiency, so it is estimated, would add $30,000,000 annually to our country's resources. Any investment that pays a hundred per cent is worthy of our cordial support. Public opinion dictated by common sense and enlightened patriotism should demand a prompt solution for this problem of illiteracy. American education cannot justly claim to be universal so long as a single vestige of illiteracy exists. Indeed we must go much further and see that a common school educa- , tion at least, is placed within the reach of every boy and every girl in this country. Nor is the obligation ended here. Our educational system should be so well administered that every boy and every girl will actually receive the benefits of the schooling provided. Where delinquency exists either in the child or the parent, compulsion—if necessary—must be applied to secure the desired end. But to take a step further, American democracy, if it is to avoid the pitfalls of ignorance and the disasters of in- competence, requires an educational level far above the mere plane of literacy. Literacy alone will achieve meagre at- tainments in a form of government so complex as our modern democracy. As a recent writer admirably states the case: “ The irreducible intellectual minimum necessary for the attainment of democracy, includes some form of social consciousness above the cruder manifestations of mere jingoism, some measure of group-consciousness, some ap- preciation of the importance of public development, some recognition of the necessity of united action, and a capacity per cent in the inferior class. for distinguishing larger from smaller and more immediate ends. What is necessary is not alone the alphabet, but also a wide, deep, popular education through every agency by which such an education may be acquired.” And over and above this “irreducible minimum,” which should character- ize the mass of our citizenship, America, if she is to achieve her highest destiny, requires a leadership of broad and ac- curate intellectual training. Here again statistics based on army intelligence tests as applied to 1,700,000 drafted men, give us food for thought. Of this number only 4.5 per cent exhibited very superior intelligence, 9 per cent graded with superior and 16.5 per cent with high average intelligence, a total of 30 per cent in the superior class. Twenty-five per cent of the remainder were recorded as possessing aver- age intelligence; while 20 per cent were low, 15 per cent were inferior and 10 per cent very inferior, a total of 45 If this test applied to a cross section of our American citizenship has any meaning, it reveals the fact that a high order of intelligence is the equipment of a minority. I am constrained to believe that students of this problem will agree that we need a far larger proportion of the higher order of intellect in America than now obtains, to render the operations of democracy safe and effective. We need above all else in this country, a race of thinkers, men and women who can at least master a def- initely circumscribed task because they have been trained in logical processes of thought. To our high schools and col- leges we must look for such leadership. Unfortunately not all who pass through these institutions can lay claim to this equipment. For such failure the high school and the col- lege are often to blame. An over crowded curriculum, poor teaching and the fallacy of substituting mere instruction for a definite requirement of hard work on the part of the student; all of these are academic sins, the wages of which is intellectual stagnation. But the failure to turn out stu- dents who can do independent thinking, cannot be charged wholly against our schools. Far too many young men and * x women with no earnestness of purpose whatsoever, are sent to high school and college to be furnished with a dribble of art or a drabble of literature, in the fond hope that these ac- complishments will prove the open sesame into business or society. The fault here lies primarily with the American home that fails to instill proper ideals of education and same views of life. In these days of obedient parents, boys and girls arrayed in purple and fine linen are delivered in seven passenger limousines at high school and college, labeled ‘‘hands off”—“don’t touch—“right side up with care;’’ while we witness the sorry spectacle of teachers and parents cajoling and flattering and well nigh bribing these youthful paragons to partake of the fruits of knowledge. We have all entered more or less consciously into the con- spiracy of making learning easy. This is the pernicious demand today from a host of shal- low thinkers who crave only amusement and entertainment. Throw out of the curriculum all difficult subjects. Don’t require students to think; it may damage their mental ma- (Continued on Page 28). September, 1923 [Page Nine] T H E C H R IS T I A N S T A T E S M A N ------------------------------------------------ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -111 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -------------------- ------------------ --------------------------- OUTLOOK ----------- 111111111s issuissassis is assasssssssssssssssssssss it is a tºtal as its as auranas its unanius as its an intinuintinues tº an autumn an is as intº sanita is natiºn assau is assaua is is assassissia is aunts as its usus:- is is tº 11111114-11aaaaaaaaaaaaar. | a REFORMING THE YELLOWS Premier Mussolini who used to edit a yellow newspaper in Rome, and whose howls were louder than the cackle of the old capitol geese if any one talked about restraining the liberties of the press, is now out with an order that no newspaper shall publish “untruthful or distorted news.’’ And this gives us a hint. As there is no other way to cure the editors of the yellow journals of the United States, suppose we elect them all to high and responsible office. After they have suffered enough under the venomed lash, perhaps they will institute reform in public utterances. And, in reforming others, they may possibly reform themselves. THE SPORTING ENGLISH They have gone betting mad in England. They sell sweepstakes on everything—sports, business, sickness and death; until at last the government thinks of taxing every bet that is publicly made. The very height of the folly or depth of the iniquity was reached the other day in London, when several men in a prominent parish made a sweepstakes bet whether the vicar would preach on the following Sabbath from a verse in the Old Or the New Testament. They all went to church with the stake-holder; but everyone was disappointed for the vicar did not take a text from the Holy Scriptures. He spoke on the subject of revising the prayer book. - A church as a betting ring, and a sermon as the sport— well, when they get going, the English can give pointers to us all on excess. BROKE THE TOWN A certain Montana town, theretofore unknown to fame, concluded to climb to the world's recognition by holding a prize fight on the Fourth of July. - That brutal spectacle and that outrage upon all the venerated traditions of America, has now become part of an offensive chapter of history. - But the aftermath is just about what might have been expected. Shelby, the little town of six hundred people, which wanted to get on the map and was willing to pay $300,000 to a pair of bruisers in order to attract the world’s notice, has gone broke. The newspapers say that the banks which backed the fight had to close their doors; and the further explanation is that all the townspeople bet their money one way or another, and most of them lost it. So the six hundred people of Shelby are denuded of their cash. They gained the world's notice only to lose the world’s respect; and they paid everything they had in currency except a few postage stamps, to win that result. THE WORM HAS TURNED The worm has turned. Contractors are establishing bricklaying schools throughout the country. Within two or three years we shall have a large body of graduates qualified to build houses for our ever increasing population. To day, it is estimated, we are 33 1/3 per cent short of needed bricklayers. And under union rules so few can serve apprenticeship to get into the trade, that contractors are driven distracted by labor shortage and wage demand; and a large segment of the public suffers for want of proper housing conditions. St. Paul and Minneapolis started the new movement in its present effectiveness. Contractors of these two cities supplied the funds to organize an adequate school with skilled bricklayers as the instructors. The project met the fullest expectation of its originators. And now the method is spreading to other centers. - So long as the bricklayers were enforcing a just demand for a short day and high wages, the sympathy of the general public was with them. This magazine approved again and again the uplift of the bricklaying trades, as we approved the uplift of the other trades. But when the bricklaying unions reached a point of power where they could insist upon a shorter and shorter workday and higher and higher wage and less and less production; and when they added to these factors the fatal one of restricting the entry of ap- prentices so that the union could hold the country by the throat, sympathy was transferred from the unions to the long suffering public. The worm has turned. It is probable that the brick- laying schools will soon be able to supply men to meet the shortage of labor in this trade. And the example will be of benefit to other industries. The first good effect ought to be upon the unions them- selves. Unless they are willing to remain under the govern- ment of ignorance and greed, they will take heed of this new movement. There is an obligation upon the manufacturer to so conduct his enterprise as to give work to operatives— work adequately paid. Surely an equal obligation is upon the unions to allow the training of a sufficient number of workers in any one industry to answer its imperative need. If a manufacturer deliberately so conducts his business as to throttle labor, he is a sinner against the public Welfare. Equally, if a trades-union adopts such rules and measures as to restrict needed operations in any particular industry, it is doing a great wrong to the country as well as a fatal wrong toward itself and the cause of labor in general. We are for the bricklayers’ school and shall be glad to see degrees granted to the graduates. If the unions will not admit them and issue cards, their school can give to them diplomas showing that they are D. B's. [Page Ten] September, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N INTO THE SE WERS DIRECT Nearly a million gallons of beer flowed into the sewers of New York a few weeks ago. Condemned stuff it Was, held in storage since prohibition went into effect. The owners were great brewers. They had a plant worth seven million dollars—so it is said. For twenty years they had been supplying what was called a Super-quality of beer and ale to the rounders of New York and adjacent country. They could not believe that their luscious stuff would ever be cast away. When their storage vats were sealed up and placed under guard, some of the officials thought it would not be long until the choice beverage was released for joyous consumption by humankind. But they waited and waited in vain. The courage engendered by wet newspapers helped them for a little time to hopeful patience, but at last they gave up in despair and the Government agents went in and smashed the vats, the bar- rels, the kegs and the bottles; and let a flood rush down through the storm sewers of Gotham. Some of the newspapers speak of it as the costliest flush- ing the sewers ever had. But we disagree. It was a direct economic gain. The beer went, on its first journey, to its ultimate destination, without committing any murders en route. DON'T RECOGNIZE RUSSIA - The famous Irving T. Bush of New York has returned from Russia. And his earnest advice to this nation is against recognition of the Soviet government. For many reasons the Russian government is not en- titled to recognition. And many of these material and diplomatic causes are stated by Mr. Bush. But there is one, known to us all before Mr. Bush made his investigation and before he spoke to his fellow- citizens; and if all his argument were banished this bind- ing reason would remain—The present government of Russia does not recognize the sanctity of obligations. One of its first acts was to repudiate the solemn contracts made by the Russian empire. If the former government can extinguish all disagreeable obligations by its own success in overthrow- ing existing government, there is nothing to prevent Russia from having a real or pretended revolution and repudiating any contracts which might be made with the present Soviet. So long as this situation yawns, the governments of the civilized world will do well to keep out of the trap. It may be that European trade conditions impel some of the governments, particularly that of England, to con- sider the Soviet of Russia as being a competent and trust- worthy treaty-making power. But even if they undertake such high convention with the Lenin-Trotzky regime, the diplomats of Europe know perfectly well that the Soviet will repudiate, either directly or by some trick, any obliga- tion when it becomes unpopular or inexpedient. He was a wise old politician who said many years ago: ‘‘If a man fools me once, it is his fault. If the same man fools me the second time, it is my fault.” What is a good principle to observe in individual re- lations, is a good principle to observe among governments. THAT CHEMICAL FOUNDATION Nearly all well informed writers are agreed that the deepest preparations for war are those associated with chem- ical development. Germany led the world in chemistry—that is in the practical use of chemical discovery. The American and the English were, we believe, even more inventive than the Germans. But the latter made instant utilization of things which were discovered to be of commercial value. And all chemical knowledge within the empire was put immediately at the service of the war machine. In taking over the German patents in this country and in establishing a Chemical Foundation to hold these for the public good, we believe that the Wilson administration ac- complished a great service for our own people and for the world. The purpose which President Wilson had in view was to rescue this nation from the German chemical trust. It was done as a war measure and it was done legitimately. The result was a partial and almost a complete enfranchise- ment. American manufacturers of clothing and drugs had been at the mercy of German producers. But today the Chemical Foundation is able to give assurances to us that the United States now supplies more than ninety-three per cent of the dyes actually consumed in this country; that the prices are being cut down; and that nearly all the important colors are now being produced in this country on a com- mercial scale. For a long time people could not understand the close connection between dye stuffs and poison gases. Intrinsically there may be none. But the maintenance of a dye industry with its wide chemical research, equipped the laboratories to make the discoveries which were so fatally useful in war. The suit which is now being brought by the Government against the Chemical Foundation may be a necessary and a justifiable action. But we have not yet been able to see any good reason for it. The Foundation was established to take over the German patents in this country and to operate them for the good of the whole people. There was to be, and there has been so far, no profiteering. The whole proceeding was one for protection in time of war and for upbuilding the arts in time of peace. The Chemical Foundation has justified its creation, and unless some new facts are brought out by the further inquiry, we think the action against it is a mistaken policy. President Wilson’s view was that Germany’s chemical industry was the very basis of her munitions program. Under her imperial authority she could utilize the entirety of her chemical skill and her resource in production, to facili- tate her war program. The view of President Wilson and his advisers was that American chemical production should be stimulated by every legitimate means; but that the Governmental support in this direction should be given to a Foundation to be operated for the good of the whole people. That was a worthy motive and it seems to us to have been maintained in practice. September, 1923 [Page Eleven]. T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N [E] NOTES BY THE WAY [E] When a State breaks its bond of religion, it scatters its morals. - The faith you are willing to die in, is the faith you ought to live in. They say that Ford won’t run except in a crisis. It’s easy to make one. The starting of more third parties and of old fashioned flivvers is done by a crank. Schwab says rich men’s sons won’t work. Thus they are qualified as walking delegates. And three million tons of grain are to be exported this year from starving Russia! If Europe is no concern of ours, why are all the “Bit- ter-ender’’ senators rushing there? The more Wet hats our Democratic condidates shy into the ring, the less chance they give to their party. Soviet Russia, after killing the intellectuals, is trying to compel her people to read brainless newspapers. - If you are an unspeakable Turk, and yet want to be spoken of and to, just find a rich oil field on your premises. Another good American is in the making. Young Cal Coolidge keeps on working as a farm hand during his vacation. - No need of war to keep the earth from overcrowding, so long as half our motorists try to beat an express train to the grade crossing. The United States will make a poor exchange when it gives more than a million to get Grover Cleveland Bergdoll back here as a citizen. - Wilhelm is plotting to get back to the throne. But all the king’s horses and all the king’s men can’t put that Humpty-Dumpty together again. - And while you are considering what ails the world, do not underestimate that new I. W. W. slogan: ‘‘Stick to the pay check, but loaf on the job.” The next time Wall Street cleans up the bucket shops, she ought to start before their customers are cleaned out. A New York bureau reports that one hundred and fifty thousand persons wandered from home this year. Miss Normalcy has plenty of companions it appears. A great statistician thinks the young people are re- sponsible for this orgy of extravagance. Maybe. But the older people are responsible for the young people. A Vermont father dedicated his baby boy to Jesus Christ the Savior. And fifty years later he administered to that son the oath of Presidential office under Jesus Christ the King. - It is tweedle-dum to have our unofficial spokesmen at European conferences; but it would be tweedle-dee to have official representatives there. Of course you sense the magni- tude of the distinction. More than ten million people in America and Europe are now drawing pensions because of the Great War. An- other world conflict—and the few who were left would have to pay their own pensions. Rev. G. Malcolm Smith, of Haverhill, Mass., says the Volstead Act is iniquitous, and so he supports Senator Couzens in a demand for five per cent beer. Even a par- son can get his iniquities twisted. ST()RY OF THE MONTH Out west a young woman who is described in the newspapers as “a society girl’’—meaning, we suppose, some- one whose people are rich or prominent and whose social advertising affords fruity consideration for ordinary peo- ple—was arrested for speeding in her automobile. The policeman who took her into custody, testified before the magistrate that she was driving more than forty miles an hour and that he had to chase her five miles before he could overtake her on his motorcycle. Quite rebukefully the court asked her : “Why do you drive at any such break-neck speed?” She tossed her head pertly and said: “Why, that is what an automobile is for. Didn’t you know that?’” Every parent and every guardian of young people will draw his own moral from this story. P. S. The court fined her fifty dollars for reckless driving; and also an additional fifty dollars for contempt of court. Maybe she was cured; but most maybe, not. [Page Twelve] September, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N THE ONLY SAVING POWER Humbly recognizing the Lord Jesus Christ as King of kings and Lord of lords, we submit that all civil govern- men is directly responsible to Him; and we pray that the nations, now suffering in their sims, may acknowledge His authority and obey His will that they may be worthy of preservation by His Almighty Power. - The foregoing is the initial pronouncement made in the form of a resolution by the Christian Citizenship Con- ference which was held at Winona Lake, Indiana, July 1 to 8, 1923. It was prepared by the Committee on Resolu- tions and presented to the assembly by Rev. Findley M. Wilson, of Philadelphia, on the occasion of the great address of Monday morning, July 2, by Rev. W. I. Wishart of Pittsburgh, who took for his text “Civil Authority—its Ultimate Source and Responsible Exercise.” In this agonized time, when the institutions of this world seem tottering upon their bases, and when the hearts of men turn to water in fear of another cataclysm—a de- vastating and almost exterminating war — what safe re- course is there for the thought of mankind except in the submission which is recommended by the resolution ? Men who are responsible as civil ministers are strug- gling in a morass, plunging about to find some safe foot- ing; and with only this assurance as far as human direction of the world is concerned, that each day brings its own dis- appointment and disaster, and that the prospect of the morrow is one of greater foreboding. Conference succeeds conference in diplomacy; and, at the best, the gain of security is but temporary or trivial—with every complica- tion provocative of more conflict. Jealousies, hates and dangers among the powers, are greater than they were ten years ago; and the expectation of conflict is more acute. Selfishness has entered in ; and the rising spirit of good will which we thought we saw in 1918 has sunk almost be: yond discovery. - And yet above all stands the Divine Ruler reaching out His merciful arms to the world He died to save. He offers His wisdom for the guidance of the nations. He offers His strength as their protection. In His infinite compassion. He would spare them from their suffering if only they would come to an acknowledgment of His authority and an obedience to His will. This is the call which the Consultation Conference makes to the world—to individuals and governments. The dire news which comes with every hour indicates that there is new preparation of force by governments, and this time equipped with a scientific power of human destruction that could humanity in a year. . In the face of that threat of horror essential that every individual who acknowledges the Lord Jesus Christ as King, should bow in humble supplication for help for himself and for the nations of the world; and it is finally essential that civil government here and everywhere, shall forsake its sins of presumption, openly acknowledging its wrong-doing, and shall come to Him, the Ruler of all nations and the Preserver of Righteous Nations. make the whole world waste of He taught love as the law of life. And in the hour of our release from the calamity of actual war in 1918 it seemed as if all the world was turning to this law. But with the passing of the immediate agony and cost of con- flict, suspicion and hate have gradually resumed their sway. Love is banished from the councils of the nations; and they are living under the temptation of the evil one, rather than the law of the Loving One. In its “Address to the Rulers of the World': the Con- sultation Conference delivered a mighty gospel message. It went everywhere. Let us pray that it may be heeded. And in addition, let every Christian in the earth, let every one who loves his fellowman, let every one who would see the world preserved from the threat of fierce annihilation, make his personal supplication to the Divine Ruler and make his demand upon his government that it shall submit to the Only Power which can save the nations from utter ruin. SHORTSIGHTED POLITICIANS - Some of the Republican politicians who control affairs in New York State, either cannot read the newspapers or cannot learn anything from what they do read. In the face of the overwhelming defeat of the Republican Party in Minnesota after its practical repudiation of President Harding in order to make terms with the opposition, New York politicians still are trying to catch the Al Smith- Wet-Democratic-Tammany voters by refusing to stand by the cause of prohibition. The most brazen among these leaders have declared that they will not make any effort to reenact the enforce- ment law which was recently repealed by the action of the state legislature and the signature of Governor Al Smith. There may be a more certain way of killing off a political party than these fellows have devised, but it has not yet come to public notice. When a party of great moral ideas can find six different ways of expediency to evade its moral responsibility, it is usually considered to be bankrupt in leadership. - it is primarily September, 1933 [Page Thirt enj T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N - GHASTLY DIVORCE RECORD During 1922 there were approximately one million mar- riages in the United States. And there were 125,000 divorces ! This means that for every eight marriages solemnized, one couple was separated by judicial proceeding. One in eight! That is a ghastly record. And even these horrifying figures do not tell all the truth—for it is a sad fact that probably quite as many people are living in separation without a judicial decree of divorce; so that the number of homes broken up would probably be equal to one-quarter of the total of marriages for the year. The courts must have worked overtime in some of the states, for there was a divorce granted by judicial decree for every four minutes of the day and night throughout the whole year of 1922. Expensive as all this wretched business is, the great burden is not upon the taxpayer nor the court. It is upon the hundreds of thousands of children whose innocent lives . are saddened, and whose careers are injured by the separa- tion of parents. - Unless this saturnalia can be stopped at an early time, the foundations of the republic will be blasted. Logically the first remedial step is to secure uniform marriage and divorce laws. To this end The National Re- form Association is conducting a campaign at Washington and throughout the nation. The evil cannot be abated so long as the loose divorce laws of several states bid welcome to itinerants who dare not bring their cases in the courts of their own home towns, but who wander around until they find a divorce court which is running a mill for the maceration of the decencies and safeties of life. We might as well get busy. Even France is taking cognizance of the predilection of American people for divorce; and today an American citizen seeking to acquire residence in France has to make affidavit that he or she is not there for the purpose of procuring a divorce under French law. Our divorce wickedness is bringing upon us the con- tempt of the world. THE REAL PLAN FOR PEACE Mr. Edward W. Bok of Philadelphia, who has offered through a commission a prize of one hundred thousand dollars for the best suggestion from an American of a plan for world peace, is becoming enthusiastic as he hears from various parts of the country. Mr. Bok finds that the American people are doing some intense and accurate thinking about our foreign re- lations. He has conducted a research from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and his conclusion is that seven people out of every ten favor an association or a league of nations as the central point of a plan for the establishment and the maintenance of world concord without war. Mr. Bok’s recent returns, assumedly accurate, show that public opinion has swung around determinately to this view. Despite the failure of our legislators at Washington to harmonize upon any plan for fraternity of nations, Mr. Bok believes that the American people can produce a plan and enforce its acceptance. Upon this particular point of the pressure of public opinion he quotes Theodore Roosevelt as having said: “It is a big job to awaken the American public, but when it awakes you want to get from under.” The munificent proffer of a prize of one hundred thousand dollars for the best plan to establish peaceful rela- tions among the countries of the world, is unhampered by any expressed condition in behalf of a league. But it is evident from Mr. Bok’s own utterances, based upon his personal opinion and the extensive and unprejudiced re- search which he has made, that an association among the governments of the world upon a basis of fraternal con- sideration, is the first essential. Even if recent investigation had not demonstrated that the opinion of the American people is rapidly converging to this point, it would be the only rational view to take. With our own experience in the development of a Union one and indivisible out of thirteen separate and sometimes jealous and antagonistic colonies, no student of our own history ought to be in doubt about the practicability and the necessity of such international association. The Fathers in founding the Union had to encounter all the opposing Opinions which are now expressed against a league. They had to deal with the same jealousy and suspicion. They had to make the same kind of concessions of prejudiced opinions. And they had to trust to the guiding wisdom im- parted by a merciful and protecting God, to assure the perpetuity of the Union and to equip each generation with the knowledge and the loyal fervor to make improvements as need might require. So Mr. Bok is not departing from the genius of American purpose and American experience when he expresses such firm conviction in behalf of the Association of nations, while explaining his hopes in behalf of results from the reward which he offers. Here is an opportunity for the ablest among our thinkers to formulate a plan which is acceptable in its pre- sentation and practicable in its operation. The Girard Trust Company of Philadelphia is the trustee of the award. We commend to the attention of Mr. Bok and the com- missioners who are to make the award, the “Address to the Rulers of the World” which was presented July 7th last and adopted by the Christian Citizenship Conference at Winona Lake, Indiana, under the auspices of The National Reform Association. That address may not be materialistic enough to suit Some of the governments; but it contains the essence of eternal truth. No fraternity for peace is possible as a per- manency except it be based upon an acceptance of the rulership of Jesus Christ over all the nations of earth. [Page Fourteen] September, 1934 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N MORMON VANITY It is indeed a very shrewd and almost a suspicious man who can be constantly and successfully on his guard against Mormon tricks. And as we all know President Harding to have been candid to the last degree, we may be well assured that he could not suspect that while he was a guest in Mormondom, his presence would be used to advance Mormon vanity and pretense. But those of us who knew Mormon intrigue were quite sure in advance that some advantage would be taken by the priests. And so it proved. Neither the exalted official position nor the great personal kindliness of President Harding (and either one should have protected him) was proof against the Mormon greed for self-advertisement. On Tuesday, June 26, President Harding and Mrs. Harding went to a private organ recital at 6:15 in the after- noon in the Mormon tabernacle. A few specially invited guests were there including Governor Mabey, President Heber J. Grant and a lot of the other priests. Except President Harding and Mrs. Harding, and one newspaper man on the outside who managed to get into the tabernacle, every person present was a Mormon. Mrs. Lucy Gates Bowen, the famous Utah soprano, a granddaughter of Brig- ham Young, and noted here and abroad as an operatic singer, was the vocal soloist. After the great organist McClellan had played a few numbers, Mrs. Bowen by re- quest sang “Come, Come Ye Saints,” a noted Mormon hymn written by one of the polygamist elders, William Clayton. For an encore it might have been expected that Mrs. Bowen would sing a patriotic song in honor of President Harding and Mrs. Harding. But as she stepped forward in answer to the applause, Prophet Grant cried out: “ ‘O, Ye Moun- tains High’ Lucy!”, and Mrs. Bowen sang the well known Mormon battle hymn of which the following two stanzas are the conclusion: - - In thy mountain retreat, God will strengthen thy feet; On the necks of thy foes thou shalt tread; And their silver and gold, as the Prophets have told, Shall be brought to adorn thy fair head. O Zion! Dear Zion! home of the free; Soon thy towers will shine with a splendor divine, And eternal thy glory shall be. Here our voices we’ll raise, and we’ll sing to thy praise, Sacred home of the Prophets of God; Thy deliverance is nigh, thy oppressors shall die, And the Gentiles shall bow 'neath thy rod. () Zion Dear Zion home of the free: In thy temples we’ll bend, all thy rights we'll defend, And our home shall be ever with thee. Some of the saints are snickering yet to think how the prophet put it over; and some of the Gentiles feel that they did not get a fair opportunity to present any matter which may have been in their minds. The serious significance of it all is that every incident of this character is delivered with all kinds of embroideries to the missionaries of the Mormon Church before they start abroad, and the missionaries after due embroideries of their own, use such things to allay Christian antagonism to Mormon teaching. - And in no other part of the world and in no other cult is such misuse made of the ordinary courtesies which should obtain among human creatures; and nowhere else in the United States would the visit of the President be utilized so cunningly. - Everyone knows that President Harding and Mrs. Harding did not have any sympathy with Mormonism in its blasphemies and its treasonable teachings. Presi- dent Harding was a Baptist. The Baptist Association of Utah, two years ago, endorsed the “Ten Reasons” issued by the Presbytery of Utah showing why Christians could not fellowship with Mormonism. But the visit of courtesy paid by the President to Salt Lake, and his natural kind- ness in going to the tabernacle of the Mormon Church, will be misused in a thousand sermons by Mormon Church missionaries—unless the Mormon Church should do in this instance that which it has never done in any other—ignore an opportunity. A SPEEDY AGE Tº There are more than thirteen million motor cars in the United States—a poignant demonstration of the fact that we have passed into the machine age. It is both useless and unjust to rail against the auto- mobile. Generally speaking it is a blessing to mankind and a help in the advancement of the human race. But it illustrates an evil. In the madness of mechanical movement we are forgetting the old values and neglecting the old steadfastness. We see that effect in the sad de- terioration of individual and family standards. Home life is a vanishing thing. Responsibility of one member of a family toward the other members is lessening. In this age of machine movement every person seems to go his own sweet way without regard to the welfare or the rights of others. -º- - *: × :: * An old preacher was talking in a quiet way to a hand- ful of young people in his church a few weeks ago, and he made this remark: “When I was a lad, a young man felt that after his education had been acquired at great cost to the family, he must be a servant of the family need and give a little something of his endeavor to assure comfort to father and mother. Today the same young man feels that he must have a wife almost before he gets out of school, even though he only marries temporarily; and in order to get a wife among modern maidens, he must have an auto- mobile. So about the time he has finished school at family cost, he has got a wife and a car, and then he comes home to live on the old folks while he is hunting around for a job— running his car day and night in the meanwhile.” September, 1993 [Page Fifteen THE CONSULTATION CONFERENCE By JAMES S. MARTIN Christianity as the solvent for world problems wai; unanimously recognized in the great assembly of Christian citizens which met at Winona Lake, Ind., July 1-8 for Con- Sultation and in preparation for a later World Conference One of the precious recollections of the Conference is that of the reading at the opening session of the following message from our late beloved President: º It is unnecessary for me to repeat the assurance of my regret at being unable to attend the Consultation Con- ference at Winona Lake. You are familiar with the cir- cumstances that have made it impossible for me to accept your invitation. I am desirous, however, to ertend my best wishes that the meeting may be fruitful of good, remember- ing always that righteousness eral teth a nation and that sim is a reproach to any people. That prayerful council which seeks Divine guidance upon our national pathway in a tu- multuous time, like the present, is altogether to be commended. WARREN G. HARDING, President of The United States. There was delivered at the same time an expression of spiritual co-operation from the Secretary of State: I send my cordial greetings to those in attendance at the International Christian Citizenship Conference. This gather- ing of men and women of public spirit who approach the discussion of the vital problems of our time from the stand- point of conscious responsibility, and with the desire, not to secure a particular advantage for any sect or group, but to advance the cause of righteousness and peace, cannot fail to have a wholesome and far-reaching influence. Its value will [Page Sia teen] A Group of Delegates to the Conference. be not in argumentation or in controversy, but in the friend- ly interchanges of sentiment which will promote the under- standing of a helpful fellowship. My best wishes for the success of the Conference. CHARLEs EVANs HUGHES, Secretary of State. Probably no description would so adequately depict the character and accomplishment of the Conference, as do the several Deliverances drawn up by the special Plan of Action Committee, and passed upon and advocated by the Con- ference at large. The chief of these, the message to the rulers of the various countries of the world, appeared in full in the August issue of this journal. The others fol- low in their order:- - “1. Humbly recognizing the Lord Jesus Christ as King of kings and Lord of lords, we submit that all civil govern- ment is directly responsible to Him; and we pray that the nations, now suffering in their sins, may acknowledge His authority and obey His will that they may be worthy of preservation by His Almighty power. “Whereas true patriotism finds expression in devotion to the things that are highest and best in the life of the nation, and to that which produces, perpetuates and per- fects them ; and “Whereas the priceless blessings of liberty and freedom and the will and determination on the part of the indi- vidual to use them, not for selfish ends but for the noblest personal development and the public weal; and, on the part of the State, for the welfare of all its citizens and the good September, 1923. - - of humanity rather than its own aggrandizement, are Chris- tian products; and - “Whereas the conditions in national life today, the mis- taking of license for liberty and the emphasis upon rights rather than upon duties by the individual citizen; and the too frequent use by the State itself of its mighty powers for its own selfish ends rather than for the welfare of its peo- ple and the good of humanity, demand the reassertion of Christian ideals and principles and the dominance of Chris- tian motives throughout the entire sphere of national life; therefore - “Be it resolved: That this assemblage of Christian citi- zens covenant together with each other and with Christ, our Savior-King and the Savior-King of nations, that we will consecrate ourselves to the great patriotic task of making Christian ideals and principles the guiding and dominating force in the life of nations and that to the end of bringing the nations into acknowledged submission and loyal allegi- ance to Christ, their Savior-King; and call all of like faith to do the same. “2. Whereas the State of Maryland has steadily refused to enact legislation to enforce within its limits the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States and the acts of Congress in pursuance thereof; and “Whereas the State of New York has repealed an act of its general assembly providing for concurrent action with the Federal Government to enforce within its limits said amendment and the Federal acts for its enforcement; and “Whereas the Congress has power to refuse any state - September, 1923 representation in the Congress for the cause that its govern- ment is not in conformity with the Constitution of the United States and the laws made by the Congress in pursu- ance thereof, as in the case of the ten Southern States in the so-called reconstruction era of this country; therefor “Be it resolved: That the Congress of the United States ought to refuse to the Senators and Representatives of such recalcitrant and reactionary states any further place or action in the Congress until said states fully com- ply with their Constitutional obligations as delineated in the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of Neal-Delaware (103 U. S. 570), to wit: “A State must recognize as binding an amendment to the Constitution of the United States and enforce it within it own limits, without reference to any inconsistent provision in its own constitution or statutes.” “3. Daniel Webster laid down this dictum : ‘The right to punish crime involves the duty of teeaching morals.’ This obviously fair principle makes it obligatory on the State to define the system of morals to be taught in the public schools—whether the Christian system or some other, to give a large place in the public school curriculum to in- struction in morals, to require that every child shall be carefully instructed in the righteousness of the Ten Com- mandments and the Sermon on the Mount. The State not only owes this in fairness to the child, but it owes it to itself. The great purpose of the public school system is to train up an intelligent and conscientious citizenship, for it is only by developing such citizens that the State can hope [Page Seventeen] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N to maintain and perpetuate itself. Patriotism demands that primary attention be given to teaching Christian morals in American schools. “4. Inasmuch as this is a Christian nation adhering to the Christian system of morals, it is the sense of this Con- ference that those authorized to teach in the public schools should be in thorough sympathy with the ethics of Jesus as taught in the Bible, that in order to qualify as public school teachers they should be required to pass an examina- tion in methods of teaching moral principles, and that Normal schools and teacher-training schools should be re- quired to give a full course of instruction in methods of teaching Christian morals to the children coming under in- struction in our schools. . . º. 5. Whereas America has been called once more to read about, if not witness, a demoralizing pugilistic contest for the world’s championship at Shelby, Montana, and that too on the Fourth of July, a day sacred to the emphasis of the factors that have made us a great Christian nation and of the things that make for our future welfare; therefore “Be it resolved: That we express thanks to the Chris- tian conscience of America that has driven the prize-fight skulking into an obscure and remote section of the country. “That we protest against devoting the birthday of our nation to the debauching of the nation's manhood. “That we believe that all prize-fighting ought to be con- signed with gambling, prostitution and the saloon to the practices outlawed by an enlightened, progressive and Christian nation. “6. We express hearty approval of the International Court of Justice, and believe that all nations, including the United States, should be members of this court. “We believe this court is a most important step toward world peace, but do not believe it to be adequate, as it will deal only with disputes over questions of right and not over questions of policy. “We favor a world organization which shall have the right to deal with all matters, international in character, likely to lead to war. ‘‘7. There never has been and cannot be a nation of atheists. There is a vital connection between civil govern- ment and religion. This is shown by three facts: That God is the ultimate source of governmental authority; that nations are subjects of God’s moral law; and that Jesus Christ is the Administrator of the government of the nations. “This connection of the State with religion has not been formed by men and cannot be dissolved by men. It is a fundamental political fact, and should receive due recog- nition in fundamental law. National conformity to the standard hereby presented can be secured only by national submission to Jesus Christ. This is the only cure for the World’s ills.’’ - The deep and widespread influence of the Conference was indicated by the many comments, largely editorial, from the secular and religious press, which have been received— and are still being rceived—at The National Reform Associa- tion Headquarters. Because of necessary restriction of space only a few typical excerpts can be quoted at this time. Patriotic citizenship can be best realized when men and women make up their minds to be loyal to God, . . . speakers at the Con- Sultative Conference on Christian Citizenship, which began at Winona five days ago, declared during the sessions Wednesday. Approximately 8,000 persons packed the tabernacle and many persons were unable to gain admission at the night meeting. When Mr. Bryan appeared on the platform, he was given an en- thusiastic Chautauqua salute. Speaking on “Loyalty to Country and to Country’s God,” he declared that the American philosophy of international friendship and goodwill, coupled with a law- abiding people, a religious people, based on a love of God and Christ, a wholesome respect for the Bible, and the establishment of Christian education, would bring peace to the nations of the world.-(Daily Times, Warsaw, Indiana.) After saying that “humanity is staggered by the possibilities of another World War,” the International Conference on Chris- tian Citizenship at Winona Lake declared, in a message to the leaders of the nations, that “the time has come to try Christian- ity.” The latter, it continues, “has never failed in any field when given a fair chance.” . . . The Conference well pointed out that in such a crisis as this, “civilization is entitled to every effort to rree itself from its present predicament.” (Pittsburgh, [Pa.] Post,) The organizers of the recent nation-wide Christian Citizen- ship Conference exercised sound judgment. The chief topics an- nounced for discussion pertained more to those fundamental prin- ciples of Christianity which command universal recognition, than to any mere dogmas which are subject often to sectarian con- troversy within the Christian Church itself. There seemed also to be a commendable inclination to consider the duty of pro- fessing Christians toward the State, rather than any duty of the State toward Christianity. In such a program there is promise of some practical profit, both to the Church and to American citizenship. The reproach has too often been directed against professing Christians that they failed to carry their religion into their civic life. . . The recent Conference did much better. Such subjects as “The Moral Accountability of Nations,” “Religion and National Life,” “Education in the Shaping of National Life,” and others on its program, are pertinent to present conditions and needs, and savor of Christian citizenship in its highest sense. (New York Tribune.) There is undoubtedly a great and good influence exerted. Five thousand people cannot be returned to home and duties without dynamic forces unloosed within them for doing things. The patriotic note inspired and the prophetic concern of all over the needs of the nations of earth, is one of the healthiest signs of the times. . . . Such is the work of The National Reform As- sociation, whose concerns should be on all our hearts. (Northwestern Christian Advocate, Chicago.) The discussions of the Conference showed a well-defined and unified purpose.--(The Religious Telescope, Dayton, Ohio.) Over one hundred speakers of national prominence addressed the Conference, most of whose sessions were conducted as open forums, so that the audience had a large part in the discussions. Governors of twelve states each appointed about fifteen special delegates consisting of prominent citizens. (The Christian-Evangelist.) It was in every sense a great Conference. Doubtless much good was accomplished. The National Reform Association merits the interest and support of all Christian patriots in its efforts to have Jesus Christ recognized as the one Lord and King, and loyalty to Him made the chief desire of the nations.—(MILEs J. SNYDER in The Brethren Evangelist.) It is a hopeful fact that these reformers devoted a whole day to the cause of education. Once the cause of reform did not sufficiently recognize the need of educational methods. Reformers placed their dependence on legislation. * * * But the prevailing sentiment in the sessions of the reformers now is that the ad- vance of great social and religious reforms is to be brought about by the education of little children and by the indoctrination of the [Page Eighteen] September, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Some of The National Reform Association Officials Present at the Consultation Conference. Left to right; Last row—C. F. Swift, B. L. Scott, Sam Small, J. M. Tibbetts, C. W. Eldredge, C. H. Springer, Sada M. Lamb, E. W. Rumsey, J. T. Alexander, W. S. Fleming, F. W. Stanton, H. L. Spangler; Middle row—J. R. Wylie, R. Edgar, Lulu Loveland Shepard, R. C. Wylie, Frank J. Cannon, J. S. McGaw, W. I. Wishart, T. H. Acheson; Martin, L. C. Denise, James S. Martin, E. A. Crooks, A. B. Cooper, F. R. Agnew, D. M. McFarland. - M. Downie, T. D. Front row—R. H. great public by public methods, a conclusion at once constructive and idealistic.—(The Christian Century, Chicago.) Augustine's splendid dream of “the City of God” had a fresh revival at Winona during the first week in July when The National Reform Association held its Christian Citizenship Con- ference, which was announced as preliminary to a World Con- ference for which the Association is preparing. On Independence Day, while the American people in general were suffering from Shelby-shock or indulging in sports and spectacles, Winona cele- brated with three stirring sessions of the Conference on Chris- tian Citizenship culminating in an address by Citizen William Jennings Bryan on “Loyalty to Country and to Country's Lord.” - (The Baptist, Chicago, Ill.) One noticeable feature was the representation on the program of different religious denominations through great leaders. An- other was the number of state governors, senators, the members of Congress from various sections of the country participating in the legal and political phases of the program. The educationalists were well represented by college presidents and professors who contributed splendidly to one of the most important features of the Conference. * * * * The international representation, however, seemed most conspicuous and suggestive of world-fellowship in Christian citizenship.–(The American Friend, Richmond, Ind.) Those who have attended many such conferences sav that this last is the best. This much is true, that if the World Conference for which this one at Winona is a preparation, is to make any ad- vance on the standard set last week or even to hold its own, it will be necessary to draw largely upon the resources of God. (DR. J. M. COLEMAN, The Christian National, New York.) This Association is holding steadfastly to its great central ideal, namely, the recognition of Jesus Christ as the source of civil authority and the acceptance of His Word as the moral standard in accordance with which the State should direct its action. And it is interesting to note how many of the great Christian leaders of the country are now in open and strongly avowed sympathy with that ideal. The educational work carried on through these years has by no means been fruitless. Influ- ential editors, college and university presidents and teachers, pastors and missionaries; these were among the great company who gathered at Winona Lake in sympathy with the idea of mak- ing our country openly and avowedly Christian. * * * * * * This Conference not only pointed out the way of salvation for the nations, but it gave to every person present a new sense of confidence and a new enthusiasm to press the fight for righteousness and the kingdom of God with unwearying energy and faith.-(The United Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pa.) The good spirit, the sanity of thought and clear reasoning of all the speakers were outstanding characteristics of all utterances. There was not one word that was censorius, radical or partisan. Every speaker at last came back to the regenerative grace and power of Jesus Christ. . . . The high hour of the Conference cul- minated in a declaration of world principles embodied in an ad- dress which was telegraphed to nine world rulers. Engraved copies will be sent to all government heads.- (Christian Advocate, St. Louis, Mo.) September, 1923 [Page Nineteen] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N why Not Try the Jury System : By HoN. FLORENCE E. ALLEN, Justice of the Supreme Court of Ohio. pression of the jury system. Lawyers and laymen alike, criticize verdicts of the jury and demand its abolition. That all trials be conducted by one judge or by several judges without a jury, is a suggestion frequently made, and significant in its reflection upon the in- stitution. é 6 Tº and found wanting”—that is the usual im- this country adequately tried the jury system Have we ever selected talesmen with real, thor- ough-going intelligence so as to ensure honest and cluded the from jury service, reservoir of intelligent I question whether we Americans have ever given the system a fair trial. During my experi- ence as assistant county prosecutor and judge in Miss FLORENCE E. ALLEN, First and only woman supreme court justice in the world. Court of Common Pleas, Cleveland, Ohio) I have seen enough to convince me that we fail at both ends of the problem—that we admit the unfit to jury service, and that we permit the best fitted to escape. I shall not soon forget one of the first cases that I tried in the criminal court after I was appointed assistant county prosecutor. It was a very important case involving a charge of second degree murder. When the jury was impanelled and I looked them over I felt as if no good could come out of that twelve men except by accident. And when I learned later that men went out to the jury room some- times and played cards and threw dice to decide what their verdicts should be, I realized how little we had taught the dignity and importance of sitting on the jury. And when we count in all the elements which contribute to make our ad- ministration of the criminal courts “a disgrace to the nation,” as Chief Justice Taft calls it, we have to count this in, that the men best fitted by education and experience to decide the important questions confronting the courts, have cared so little about the service of their country in peace time that they have pulled every possible wire to evade jury service. I have had poor juries and I have had many excellent juries in my court. Some of the good juries have sat on one case for two or three weeks at a time, locked up every But have we ever in must press the fit to serve. usually be accomplished by drastically enforcing the laws just verdicts? Have we ex- - incompetent. and have we ever tapped the citizenship for our jurors? a misi prius court (the night, giving the most conscientious attention to their cases. When I have such a jury then I believe with all my heart in the jury system. After all, the judgment of twelve men and women drawn together from different walks of life is a practical common sense judgment. Upon a point of fact, if a jury is a good jury, I trust its judgment better than a judge's opinion, for naturally his is a lawyer's judgment, that is, a technical judgment. But just how far I can trust their judgment depends entirely on the make-up of the jury. - - How then are we to secure juries upon which we can rely Theoretically the answer to the problem is plain. We must scrupulously exclude the mentally deficient, and we Excluding the deficient can * , , , . - - - - - as to qualification for jury service in a given state. And equally true is it that the competent can be compelled to serve unless permitted to evade the law. - - Does the inclusion of women in the jury tend to raise or lower the standard of service? In my opinion it raises the standard, because it increases greatly the number of in- telligent, conscientious members on the jury. I do not mean by this that there are not unintelligent and unconscientious women. But on the average in my experience, the woman who performs jury service is relatively more intelligent and conscientious than the men jurors. She is not more in- telligent and reliable than a man of her own type would be, but she does not tend to evade jury service to the extent that the man of her own type does. This fact may arise from a conscious effort which is being made among certain women’s organizations, to stimulate jury service. In Cleveland for instance, a de- liberate attempt has been made by the League of Women Voters and the Women’s City Club to interest their members in the jury and the courts; and the excellent work of women on the jury in my county, is no doubt par- tially due to the effort of these two splendid organizations. However, the fact remains that, in Cleveland, the men most intimately connected with the courts, almost without excep- tion say that the standard of intelligence upon the jury has been decidedly raised by the inclusion of women. The question is frequently asked whether women are sentimental as jurors. It is no more possible accurately to generalize concerning women than concerning men. Some men are sentimental; some women are sentimental. This is true in juries as well as elsewhere. I have tried a first degree murder case in my court in which a jury inflicted the death penalty. The foreman on the jury was a woman. When the verdict was returned one man on the jury cried, but the two women jurors were entirely collected. On the other hand, women have sat on juries in my court, which recommended mercy. That is to say, women on juries cannot be classed as sentimental; neither can they be classed as [Page Twenty] September, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N heartless: in a word they are human just as men are. In one respect women are less sentimental than men, that is with regard to women charged with crime. The fact that a woman who commits murder in this country so often goes scot free, is surely an indictment of our criminal system. Women should be subject to law in exactly the same degree as men are. In my experience women on the jury tend to counteract the dangerous tendency present among many men on the jury, to acquit all women charged with crime. - We have had no difficulty in Ohio in handling women on the jury. Some changes and adjustments of course have been made in the court houses to accommodate the women, but these changes are neither impossible nor very difficult to make. I have repeatedly ordered mixed juries locked up at night in the consideration of a criminal case. The jury is taken to an excellent hotel under the charge of the bailiff. The women are kept in a well appointed room under the charge of a woman bailiff, and the men have an equally comfortable room under the charge of a man bailiff. No one from outside is allowed to have access to any juror ex- cept in the presence of the bailiff while the case is in pro- gress. This arrangement satisfied every requirement of pro- priety and of the law. Some women dread jury service, but as soon as they undertake it they are greatly interested. It is a continual movie which one sees in a court—now tragedy, often comedy. The cross-section of human life which moves across the court room is fascinating even in its saddest details. - And after all, this public service which in the past has been so generally evaded, is the one means which the ordi- mary citizen has of coming into touch with the courts. Through jury service one learns something of the presenta- tion of a case, of the organization of the court and of the technical steps in procedure. That the public should take interest in the courts and have contact with the courts is a vital need. If every intelligent man and woman in America had been a juror in active service, there would be much more general interest in the administration of justice. And for this, if for no other reason, we should demand that before the jury service be abolished, it be actually tried. Once tried its advantages might be so evident that we should never think of giving up the jury. THE MINER'S WORK STEADY By GEORGE S. DOBSON }ſ A A. E. When the operators in the anthracite field made their immediate concession of a shorter working day, I thought perhaps we were on the road to some composition of this most trying question. And indeed, at this writing, it seems probable that the acute points of dispute will be settled or put in suspension, to be arbitrated upon at a later time, so there will not be any walkout on September 1. With all my belief that labor is receiving a better con- sideration year by year and that we are progressing in this respect toward amelioration almost as rapidly as safe social evolution will permit, I am of the opinion that not enough real constructive work is done by operators and by the Government in the matter of adjusting the conditions of coal mining so that we shall avoid the distress of the strike, and the threatened strike, attendant upon this seasonal oc- cupation. - It is true that the coal miner receives in these days very high wages when he works; but it is also true that the work is spasmodic. Hence, we keep a much larger body of men proficient in coal mining than would be neces- sary if the work were constant and were properly divided. It is not possible for the surplus of coal mining labor in slack times to rush instantly into some other remunerative work. And so we have periods of idleness without wages and with growing discontent. Assuredly some part of this trouble could find a remedy. And while the Government is serving notice that it will not allow the country to be victimized by a suspension of coal production, the Government ought also to have a sense of its own further and kindred responsibility for seeing that reasonable and efficient methods are devised to lessen the sea- sonal ebb and flow of work in the coal industry. It appears to me that the operators are somewhat pos- sessed of the spirit which governed the railway magnates of thirty years ago. While big earnings were coming in they were distributed in the form of dividends, and betterments were not made in contemplation of growing needs. And to- day the big railway lines are congested for want of yard room, for want of rail facilities and for want of adequate rolling stock—while all improvements are achieved at treble the cost which would have been required in earlier years. For instance, they are trying to build a union station in Chicago, which ought to have been constructed twenty-five years ago; and the inconvenience and loss are beyond de- scription. The railroad business has grown to such magni- tude that the building of the station, while still carrying on the service, is a task which taxes human ingenuity and which drains railway treasuries. Is it not a fact that coal operators, like the former rail- way magnates, are largely intent upon the instant profits of the business and are unwilling to invest sufficient time and skill and money to make of coal mining a steady and profitable industry—adequate for the country's needs, a secure occupation for the workers, and profitable in the long reach of years rather than by fits and starts? I am hopeful that the Government, which now takes such an acute interest in this matter, will go further than a mere passing order against strikes or lockouts, in an effort to prevent suffering to the country by loss of fuel supply in the coming season, and that it will try to devise a scien- tific method of continuous production so that the loss of labor and wages to the operative, of reasonable and steady profits to the operator, and of comfort and convenience to the country may be permanently averted. Coal mining is a hazardous occupation at its best; but it ought not to be conducted as a haphazard business. Too much depends upon it. - September, 1923 | Page Twenty-One] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Present Status of the Bible in Public Schools By W. S. From the foundation of the republic till somewhat more than fifty years ago the Bible was read devotionally every morning in every public school in the land, and religion and morals were definite parts of the educational system. In those days the school-teacher was understood to have a dual function—to train the intellect to be keen and the character to be clean. A little prior to 1870, the secular theory of the State began to be actively agitated in this country. According to this theory, if logically carried out, the State must in no way recognize religion, must not per- mit it in any institution or function controlled by the State—no oath in the court room, no prayer in legislative halls, no Thanksgiving proclamation by President or governors, no chaplain in army or navy or public institution, no name of Deity in constitutions or on coins, no Bible in the schoolroom, etc. But this foolish and suicidal theory was applied nowhere except in the public schools, and with its gradual introduction there, the Bible and the daily devo- tional exercise were slowly eliminated. When the Bible left the schoolroom there also left it much of the feeling of responsibility of the schools for the moral training of the children. Thenceforth the function of the teacher was prac- tically to train the children to become “the wisest, bright- est,” while neglectfully permitting them to become “the meanest of mankind.” For fifty years one hand of the school teacher has been tied, for fifty years in our educa- tional system we have been sowing to the wind; and now in our nation-wide slump in morals we are reap- ing the whirlwind of our folly. The American Bar Association is authority for the statement that we are now the most lawless nation on the planet, and that this con- dition has been gradually developing since about 1890. Up to about 1870 there was seldom any question raised as to the right of the Bible in the schoolroom, but since then it has been a matter of agitated controversy in every corner of the land. Suits have been carried to supreme courts in fifteen or sixteen states. The highest courts of Maine, Massachusetts, West Virginia, Ohio, Michigan, Ken- tucky, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Texas, and Nevada have all said that the Bible has a right in the schoolrooms. A decision of the supreme court of Wisconsin given in 1890, excludes the Bible as a whole, from use in the schools but plainly asserts that parts of it might and should be used. In 1913 the supreme court of Illinois by a vote of five to two said that the whole Bible is a sectarian book, and, as such, must be excluded from the schools of state. Many years ago the attorney-general of Washington ruled that the Bible must not be used in the schools of that state, and in 1918 the supreme court confirmed his stand and even went so far as to forbid the schools to give credit for Bible work done outside of school hours. The supreme court of California recently shut the doors of the schools of that FLEMING state to the best of books. It is reported that the supreme court of Louisiana has given a similar opinion, but no word to that effect comes to me from the state superintendent, who merely reports that the state board thinks best not to permit the use of the Bible in the schools. The courts of Ohio and Nebraska make the reading of the Bible optional with school boards. Thus there is uncertainty in my mind about the fact in one state; in three states the courts exclude the whole Bible; in one the court excludes part of it, and in eleven the courts admit the Book without question. By the opinion of the attorney-general or the state superintendent of public instruction, the Bible is not used in the schools of Minnesota, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Montana, New York State (outside of New York City) and possibly Louisiana. Thus including Wisconsin, the Bible is banned—or at least not used—in the schools of twelve and possibly thirteen—states. It is worthy of note that 23,000,000 people live in the twelve states, and that the officials whose opinions have excluded the Bible, number not more than thirty. In the history of this country no legislature or constitutional convention has ever adopted a provision plainly excluding the Bible from the schools. The Bible is read by law every morning in every school- room in Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Tennes- see, Alabama, Georgia, and probably Mississippi, though there is a little doubt in my mind about the latter state having passed the law. Excepting Massachusetts, these states have all passed the mandatory law within the last ten years. In addition to the above seven states, the Bible is used every morning in all the schools of New York City, Washington, D. C., and Indianapolis, Ind. In the cities and states where the Bible must be read every morning as above, there live just about 30,000,000 people or 30 per cent of our entire population. With the Bible definitely excluded from the schools of twelve states and legally required to be read daily in the schools of seven states, there remain twenty-nine states with just about half the national population, in which its daily use is permitted. In some states, as in Indiana and Iowa, there is a definite enactment that the Bible shall not be €ºcluded from the schools: while in others there is no speci- fic provision on the subject, but what is not denied is the allowed. The practice varies in these states from almost universal use to exclusion by custom. Omitting half a dozen states for lack of information, the others can be divided into four classes, 1. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Connecticut, Vir- ginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Florida report that the use of the Bible in their schools is almost universal. Page Twenty-Two.] September, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N 2. Delaware, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Iowa, North Dakota, South Dakota, Kansas and Colorado, use the Bible quite extensively. 3. The Book is little used in the schools of Michigan, Nebraska, Missouri, Wyoming, and Texas, the reason for the slight use in the first three probably being the wide- spread belief in those states that its use is forbidden. 4. The Bible is not used in the schools of Oregon. Fifteen months ago a company of business men in Kansas City, Mo., at their own expense and with the con- sent of the school-board, put a copy of the Bible on the desk of every school-teacher in the city—1,464 in all—and the act was highly commended by Bishop Lillis of the Roman Catholic Church of that diocese. Three years ago the W. C. T. U. of Michigan voted to offer a copy of the Bible to every public school in that state. As the result of a widespread and persistent popular request, in the State of Illinois a constitution, by vote of 52 to 9, put a provision into the new proposed constitution of that state, specifically permitting the use of the Bible in the public schools; but the constitution was rejected by popular vote in December last, though not because of the Bible provision. In the State of Missouri, by a tie vote, a constitutional convention in session, at the time of this writing, fails to insert a permissive clause on the ground, as nearly all those voting against it declared, that the present constitution permits the Bible in the schools. In Washing- ton there is now being waged an active campaign for an amendment to the state constitution, plainly giving the Holy Book an honored place in the educational system of the state. This year bills were before the legislatures of Towa, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia, Michigan and probably some other states for the mandatory reading of the Bible every day in every schoolroom, and The National Reform Association was, as always, a leading factor in the cam- paign for the passage of the bills. - Taking their cue possibly from the decision of the supreme court of Wisconsin, which said that parts of the Bible might and should be used in the schools, there is a rising sentiment in some of the states from whose schools the Bible is excluded, in favor of securing a list of Bible references chosen by an interdenominational commission and asking the teacher to read one of these daily from the version of the Bible she personally prefers. It is hoped that this will overcome official objection and meet the situa- tion, but it has not yet been tried except in a few smaller cities, notably Cadillac, Mich. The real point at issue whenever the matter of the Bible in the schools has gone to the courts or to state officials, is, in the main, whether the Bible is a sectarian book, in the meaning of the word “sectarian’’ as found in the various constitutions. Most decisions hold that it is not, but some say that it is. In the famous Girard case, the Supreme Court of the United States held that the Bible is not a sectarian book. The Supreme court of far away Nevada, the least of all the states in population, sends out a word of wisdom that might well be heeded, when it says in 16 Nevada 374, “The word ‘sectarian’ as used in the constitution, does not prohibit the teaching of any doctrine upon which all Christian denominations agree,” doubtless basing their decision upon the word of the United States Supreme Court in the Trinity Church case, that “This is a Christian nation.” The question of the version of the Bible to be used seems also to bother some courts, they assuming that of course the King James version is the one that is and must be read in the schools, if any. The fact is that where the Bible is read every morning, it is the custom to let the teacher or reader decide what version is preferred. And there can be no valid objection to this custom, for the Versions all came from the same original, and are so nearly alike that very few listeners could tell the difference, and in no place is the difference one of essentials. There is also a widespread fear that the use of the Bible in the schools would produce endless controversy. But careful inquiry among school men in three states and several large cities where the Bible is in universal daily use, reveals that there is no trouble from any source. The trouble comes when the question is a matter of local decision. Even where an oc- casional teacher is found unwilling or unfit to lead the children in the sacred task, such teacher is soon eliminated and a worthy one takes the place. There is a growing recognition of the sad present day loosening of the moral fiber; of increasing lawlessness; of the general near-breakdown of public morals; of the loss of Worthy ideals. And there is an increasing feeling that the schools have a very close relationship to the whole matter, that some lack in the schools may be partly responsible, and that part of the remedy must be applied there. To this end several states have passed laws requiring that so- called “Americanism” be taught in the schools, and a Species of moral training is being put into the course in Some sections. Wisconsin has a law requiring that morals be taught in her schools. One state university issues a 46 page pamphlet on “Morals and Civics for Schools.” The Bible has been kept out of the schools of Chicago for forty years, but three years ago a regular course in morals was adopted for use therein. An unknown donor is offering large financial prizes through a Washington organization, for the best codes of morals for use in the schools, and several winners have been announced with their produc- tions. These are all feelers after a better way, and have some value; but there is danger of our being lulled to sleep by them in a false feeling of security. The difficulty with all these halfway measures, is that they are built upon the false secular theory of education, and carefully exclude all religion, any mention of God, Bible, Golden Rule, Ten Commandments, Sermon on the Mount, etc., and are as pagan as the ethics of Plato. This article has no reference to the study of the Bible as literature or history, nor to any scheme of co-operation between the schools and the churches by which the Bible September, 1923 [Page Twenty-Three T H E C H R IS TI A N s T A T E S M A N and religion are edging their way and finding a valuable though not the proper place in education. The Colorado plan, the South Dakota plan, and the Gary plan, etc., recognize the present lack in education and are feelers after the truth and, as such, worthy of some commendation; but the fatal defect with them all is that they stand upon the foolish secular theory of education and help to keep religion out of its rightful and authoritative place in the schools. The historian Guizot was right when he said, “In order to make popular education truly good and socially useful, it must be fundamentally religious.” Some farseeing and courageous men like Washington Gladden and Roger Bab- son know that George Washington was right when he said that religion and morals cannot be separated; and they in- sist that we must cut the Gordian knot and put definite religious instruction into the public schools, and, if neces- sary, revamp our whole educational system to that end. We must get back to the old American plan of reading devotion- ally a few verses every morning in every schoolroom with the Lord’s Prayer repeated in unison by teacher and as many pupils as will join. And this must be done as the least, not the most; the first step, not the last. There is a growing sentiment for a textbook in Christian ethics in the hands of every teacher, to be taught as faithfully as she now teaches mathematics. There is a developing idea that the silly nonsensical fables and folklore stories and mean- ingless jingles of so-called poetry now in the school readers, must give way to some of the great stories and sublime poetry of the Bible, from which reading can be learned as well or better, and from which the truths of religion and morals will naturally grow into the lives of the children. Bible memory gems should also be learned with selections from other literature. For the purposes of character de- velopment for citizenship, the children must be given, every day, in the schoolroom—the only place where many of our young people will ever get them—the great fundamental facts of religion that all Christians believe and the primary principles of morality that made our civilization and upon which its future rests. Cardinal Gibbons was right when he said that “the religious and secular education of our children cannot be divorced from each other without in- flicting a fatal wound upon the soul.” - All this is asking nothing new. It is merely putting religion and morals back into our educational system where they were established from the foundation of the republic until about fifty years ago, and where they would be today. but for the atheists and agnostics. STIRRINGS OF H EVOLT IN UTA H By LULU LovELAND SHEPARD My visit to Utah has opened my eyes, for I have found that while the Mormon Church has been able to Mormonize some of the Gentiles whose business interests have been closely allied with the Church interest, yet there are others who are restive under the domination of the Church and these Gentiles represent a large percentage of the voting population of Salt Lake City, so a call has been issued for a new political party to be called “The Inter-Mountain Pro- gressive Party,’’ and there is no doubt that, at the coming fall election, there will be very close lines drawn between Mormon and non-Mormon groups. In a call issued recently to voters, some hard facts are put before them, a note being made that the Mormon Church is a resourceful and experienced antagonist, full of cunning and craft; that the power of the Church lies in the very thing that we propose to attack; and that the Church will hold out to the last ditch. Of course such a course will cause the Mormons to say that this will stir up animosities, and class and factional turmoil; but the answer to the charge is simple and con- clusive. The new political movement is along the lines of the Old American party—that is a political contest in the open and by lawful and constitutional methods, where if any masks are to be worn it will not be by us. We are to in- sist that Church and State be kept separate and apart, and that the solemn and specific pledge to that effect, made to the people of the United States by the Mormon leaders and ratified by their people when Utah was admitted as a state, be kept. This new party has no newspaper to uphold its prin- ciples, for sad to say there is no inter-mountain paper, whether owned by Mormons or non-Mormons, that will op- pose the Mormon Church. All fear it. The Church, at every Conference, reiterates its right and its purpose to guide and control its people in temporal as well as spiritual affairs, a claim naturally involving rule by the Mormon Church of the non-Mormon as well as the Mormon. - The Mormon blight has reduced the rate of material progress in the inter-mountain country fully fifty per cent as measured by the development of other western com- munities no older and with no better natural resources, but free from the infliction under which we suffer in Utah. Many hundreds of citizens, particularly those with families, disheartened by Mormon control and seeing no chance or opening to change conditions, have left Utah; and many more are preparing to leave, while a vast western immigration which might readily remain here were it not fearful of the Mormon Church, passes Utah by and settles elsewhere. One man said to me, “I am leaving for Minne- sota and am taking a smaller salary there, but I can’t afford to remain here and bring up my family under existing con- ditions.” Yet it is true that if enough red-blooded true Americans would settle in Utah, they could check the tem- poral rule of the Church and lessen much of the power that it now enjoys, but it will be a long, hard struggle be- fore the grip it has secured will be completely broken. [Page Twenty-Four] September, 1923 T H E C H R Is TIAN ST A T E S M A N What's the Matter with the Schools? By GEORGE BRADY SNYDER If this question were put to fifty people, fifty different answers would be received—and they would be different indeed, ranging all the way from “Nothing” to “Every- thing.” Perhaps all of the answers would contain an ele- ment of truth; certainly none would contain the whole truth. Some would represent a sympathetic effort to point out possible improvements; the majority, whether sympathetic or not, would contain little of constructive value. In truth, a considerable fraction of the schools’ critics seem to be more intent upon trying to make others believe what they want them to believe, than upon revealing, fairly and hon- estly, the conditions existing in our schools or upon suggest- ing plans for their improvement. No attempt will be made in this article to give a full answer to the principal question, for two reasons: first, I am not competent (nor is anyone else) to make a complete diagnosis of the defects in all of our schools; second, any serious attempt at an adequate diagnosis would require many volumes. To keep within the present limits of space, we will confine ourselves to the public schools and touch upon only a few points. I shall select some points which are usually overlooked in discussions about the schools, but which are nevertheless important. Our schools are what we make them. You and I and everyone else help to determine what they are and what they are to become. Like all other man-made institutions they have many faults and weaknesses and will continue to have some so long as individuals have faults and weak- nesses. Each year and each generation should show growth and improvement in our schools—as indeed they do. Un- happy the day when our public schools cease to improve; for then our nation will have reached its period of decadence. The most serious trouble with the schools is quite outside their jurisdiction. Not many people seem to realize this, but it is undoubtedly true. If the pupils all brought with them every morning the proper attitude toward the school, and were willing to exert themselves to do their full part toward the accomplishment of the desired ends, the major part of the problem would be solved. Is it not true that the best schools are found in those communities where the public school and its teachers are the most highly esteemed and the boys and girls most accustomed to follow the leadership of parents and teachers? One unfortunate tendency is the disparagement of the schools in the presence of young people. This may be done by the thoughtless or ill-considered words of the parent. It may be by an article or cartoon in a newspaper, the re- sponsible person having little realization of the influence of such an implication. It may be by a magazine article written at so many dollars a page. It may be by a misleading scene on a screen or at a theater. It may be by a slurring reference in a lecture or even in a sermon. Whatever the source of the disparagement, “little pitchers have big ears,” the funds necessary to support the schools. and children often get the notion that their elders have little regard for the schools. Then there are the parents who begrudge the time of their young children who might earn a pittance in a mine or factory or store, or do useful errands about the farm. Laws setting a minimum length of school term and making attendance compulsory, help to protect children against the short-sighted greed of their parents, but such measures excite the bitter antagonism of selfish parents. Then there is the self-seeker trying to make the schools serve his own selfish purposes. The man who uses his authority or influence to secure the appointment of a teacher who ought not to be appointed or the dismissal of one who ought not to be dismissed; or to divert school funds into the hands of favored contractors. Or the man who uses the Schools as a pawn to further his personal political am- bitions—maybe a school board member or a Superintendent, or a member of the state legislature or of Congress, or a Governor or a President, or a “practical politician’’ who finds it more profitable to hold no public office. Or the textbook writer or the instructor who purposely distorts the opinions of young people to conform to his own views Or purposes. And the otherwise respectable taxpayer who begrudges We are all taxpayers, directly or indirectly. About one-sixth of the national income is taken for taxes, the public schools re- ceiving only one-tenth of the total taxes collected. Does the money devoted to the schools accomplish less than one- tenth of the good done by public funds, or more? Then, since the money spent on schools accomplishes more good, per dollar, than other public expenditures, shouldn’t the school tax be about the last tax to be grumbled about? Of course a reasonable person should not grumble at all about an expenditure which produces benefits far beyond its cost. There are all sorts of curious and contradictory criti- cisms of the schools—usually by persons not familiar with the situation. We are at the same time godless and sec- tarian, snobbish and proletariat, capitalistic and socialistic, monstrous taskmasters and playful triflers, with a school day both too long and too short and a school year likewise too long and too short. Do we really err in opposite direc- tions at the same time? A person hearing these accusa- tions might think so. - Then sometimes too much is expected of the schools. The majority of our children “finish’’ their schooling with- out having spent as many hours in school as their actual waking hours during one year; and while in school each child must share the attention of the teacher with thirty or forty or maybe sixty others. Yet the school is often expected to be the predominating influence in the life of the rising generation. It is not at all unusual for a paren (Continued on Page 30.) - September, 1923 [Page Twenty-Five] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A. N. Christian Fundamentals The Redemption of the World In the presentation of the teachings of the Scriptures concerning the Virgin Birth of Jesus Christ it was shown that the Person who was born of the Virgin Mary, was the Son of God in a sense similar to that in which every child is the son or daughter of a human father. It was also held that the remarkable Person thus born into the world had from all eternity held a place in the Godhead as the eternal Son of God by what is known in Theology as Eternal Gen- eration. This wonderful Person came into the world ac- cording to the purpose and plan of God. That purpose was nothing less than the Redemption of the World. Cer- tainly His mission would correspond to the greatness of His character. Of necessity it would transcend in its magnif- icence the missions of the greatest of human beings and of the highest of created angels. His achievements must of necessity be not only the greatest and most perfect of their kind, but they must be of a kind never before attempted by any being. Why should God constitute a Personality at once human and Divine, and send Him into the world to accomplish a work that might have been done with a com- mendable degree of perfection by inferior beings? Before presenting the facts involved in His great achievemnt known as the Redemption of the World, it is necessary to set forth the world condition from which re- demption was brought about. Modern critics of the Bible contend that the account of the origin of man and of the Fall, presented in Genesis, is not historical. Advocates of the extreme evolutionary hypothesis hold that what we call sin is nothing more nor less than the remains of the old animal disposition which evolution has not yet eliminated, but which will eventually be overcome—a few millions of years hence. It is also held by some professing Christians, who think that true scholar- ship requires that evolution in some form must be believed, that the account of the Fall given in Genesis is nothing but a myth and that it is never again referred to by Biblical writers. But the truth is that the entire Bible is based on the idea that the Mosaic account of man’s creation and Fall is true. And since the entire Bible is the record of the unfolding of God’s purpose and plan for the redemption of the world, it is clear that Christ's mission to the world was for the express purpose of reclaiming the world from that condition into which it was brought by the Fall. Two things characterize world conditions as they have existed ever since the Fall. The first of these is world-wide suffering. As far back as records go men have been trying to solve the problem of evil. It is needless for us to dwell on the fact that suffering in an endless variety of forms and in varying degrees of intensity prevailed wherever men exist. In seeking a solution of the problem real thinkers do not proceed very far until they discover the fact of sin or moral evil, which is the second thing everywhere prevalent ever since the Fall. The coexistence of sin and suffering is so prominent as to confirm the Biblical teaching that the suf. fering is the penalty for the sin. It seems clear therefore that the only way of escape is by redemption. Otherwise both sin and suffering become fixed and endless. It is not necessary to give a list of the theories which men have de- vised to account for the origin of sin, nor of the expedients proposed as remedies. It is only necessary to present the remedy which God has provided in Jesus Christ. But one further preliminary thought should be stated so that the greatness of His redeeming work may be fully apprehended. It is quite clear from what has been already stated that the human race, as a distinct entity, exists in a state of suffering and misery. The affliction that has come upon the world is racial in its nature. It follows therefore that the cause is also racial. In other words there is such a thing as race-sin as well as individual sin. The Fall has affected not only individuals, it has made its direful effects felt in the social and institutional life of men. It has cursed and demoralized such institutions as the home and the State. Provision was made for the establishing of such institutions when God gave man his being. They are therefore Divine institutions, and the redemption of the world involves the redemption of these institutions. The fact is that human individuals themselves are not wholly redeemed unless their social and political natures partake of the benefits of the redeeming work. It will be profitable to follow this line of thought a little farther, especially in view of the fact that it is one feature of the Divine plan quite frequently overlooked. Systems of theology are usually so devoted to discussions of the way of salvation for individuals, that they find no space for the consideration of institutional salvation. Scores of pages in theological tomes are filled with learned theories about the best methods for getting as many sinners as pos- sible safely out of this world into the next, while scarcely a syllable is written for the purpose of telling how Jesus Christ came into the world to save the world from its sin and consequent misery. The account furnished in the third chapter of the Gos- pel by John, gives the key to this part of the Divine pur- pose. It is usually supposed that Nicodemus came to Jesus for the purpose of instruction in the way of salvation. But a careful reading of this chapter in the light of the Jewish. attitude of mind in that day, will correct this error. Jewish apocalyptic literature of that period pictured the coming Messiah as a conquering king who would overthrow the ex- isting Gentile nations and exalt the kingdom of Israel to the place of supremacy over the world. Jews had no doubt about their own place in the kingdom of God, and Nico- [Page Twenty-Siac] September, 1923 T H E O H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N º demus was an orthodox Jew. He was concerned about one thing only, and that was the Messiahship of Jesus, and he went to Jesus to find out. Jesus knew what he came for, and before he had time to state his mission Jesus prevented him and informed him that his place in the kingdom was not guaranteed by the mere fact that he was born a Jew, but that he must be born again. Furthermore, Jesus in- forms him that anyone, whether Jew or Gentile, can enter the Kingdom by the same door, “for God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whosoever be- lieveth in Him should not perish, but have everlasting life.’’ In these words Jesus presents one half of his saving purpose. He follows immediately with the presentation of the other half. He informs Nicodemus that the Jewish idea that the Messiah would overthrow all Gentile nations was all wrong. His mission is one of world redemption instead of world judgment and destruction, “for God sent not His Son into the world to judge the world, but that the world might be saved through Him.” It is worth while to call attention to the fact that the Greek word here rendered “world’’ is Kosmos, and means orderly arrangement. This Kosmos is the human race arranged in an orderly fashion in families and nations with their governments. Jesus Himself declares that He came on this two-fold mission, namely to save all individual believers and to save the Kosmos with its divine institutions. It is worth while to note also that John is especially concerned about this matter since he mentions it again in chapter 12:47, and in his First Epistle (4:14). In our effort therefore to set forth the redemptive work of Jesus Christ, it is to be remembered that this work has reference not merely to a number of individuals who be- come partakers of the merits of His saving work by an act of faith, but it has reference to the world of humanity, and especially to the institutions which God has ordained for human welfare. Sin reaches its climax of malice and hate and fiendishness, not in individual hearts and lives, but in national life, as is shown by the history of the devastating wars that have cursed the earth. It is shown also by the fact that Gentile and Jewish powers united in slaying Jesus Christ . In the light of the facts already presented, and with the open Bible before us, it ought not to be difficult to state the essential elements in Christ's redemptive work. It is true that men have framed many theories concerning this work, and it must be admitted that most if not all of them, contain some elements of truth. It is true that Jesus by His life has set us an example and that we should walk in his steps. But the individual sinner cannot do this until he is born again. The example theory of Christ's redeeming work is therefore defective. It is also true that a wonderful moral influence is exercised by Christ's life and death if we only allow ourselves to come under that influence. But it is impossible for any sinner to yield to the influence without undergoing a radical change which only divine power can bring about. But these and all similar theories fail to tell us why Jesus died. He Himself informs us that His death was ab- solutely necessary. In fact He gives us to understand that He came into the world to die; that His mission reaches its climax in His death; that the greatest thing He did while here in the flesh was to die. It is true that His death was a most Wonderful display of the righteous government of God, in that it exhibited the final result of sin in the case of all impenitents. But it was vastly more than a mere Spectacular display of what would happen to mankind if they continue in sin. There was a necessity for the death of Christ which no theory recognizes unless it embodies the idea of satisfaction for the sins of mankind. The word vicarious itself does not embody the whole truth. It is used by heretics as well as by the orthodox. Everywhere in the world there is vicarious suffering, but it is not merit- orious suffering and contains no element of satisfaction. Christ's redemptive work has a Godward as well as a man- ward side. - Defective and erroneous theories about the saving work of Christ, err in failing to present the facts as to what He actually did and where His saving work terminated. Sound teaching on this matter will set forth the fact that He redeemed the world both by His life and by His death. Controversy is carried on chiefly about the cross and the shed blood. The real issue here concerns the saving value of His death. No space need now be occupied with replies to caricatures of the old doctrine of redemption by blood, with the crass notion of a ‘‘butcher theory,” or with the false charge that Orthodoxy misrepresents God as angry with our race and to be pacified with nothing but blood– even though the blood of an innocent victim. Certain Biblical facts will guide into the deep mystery of the death of Christ in so far as that mystery can be understood. He Himself declared that it was necessary for Him to die. He said that He “must” suffer, that it ‘‘behooved’’ Him to die. (Mark 8:31; Luke 17:25;24:7, 26,46). There is only one way to interpret the words ‘‘must” and “ought” as we find them in these and other texts. No necessity was imposed upon Christ by physical conditions. He could have escaped death had it been merely a matter of power. When He was arrested He said “Think- est thou that I cannot now pray to My Father, and He shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels? But how then shall the Scriptures be fulfilled that thus it must be?” What then was the necessity for His death 2 Those who are determined on denying that it terminates on God in any sense, hold that it has saving efficacy in bringing sinners to repentance, confession and reformation, and they deny that it has any other value. But if this is all it remains a mys- tery why such a method was necessary. Something other than the death of the Son of God could have been used to secure the same result. A thousand devices might be sug- gested if nothing more were necessary than to make the sinner sorry for his sins. In that case the death of Christ September, 1923 [Page Twenty-Seven] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N was not necessary at all. And if not necessary it would be best not to say anything about it to the sinner. What force would there be in an appeal to sinners based on Christ's death, if that death was not necessary? But if sin is such a curse that only the death of the Son of God could de- liver from its damning power, it can be used with marvelous effect. It follows therefore that Christ’s death terminates first upon God so that it may terminate savingly upon the sinner. It terminates on God by its being the propitiation for our sins. (I. John 2:2;4:10). Nothing is too hard for God, but some things are impossible even to Him because they are impossible in their very nature. God cannot deny Himself. He cannot lie. He cannot deny any one of His attributes. He cannot cease to be just. He cannot treat sinners as though they are not sinners. He cannot save sinners without first destroying their sins. He sent forth His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh; and, for sin, condemned sin in the flesh. (Rom. 8:3). Christ was per- sonally innocent; but He voluntarily assumed the load of our sin, died voluntarily to satisfy the demand of the law upon us, and rose triumphantly from the grave. Christ's death terminates upon us by making expiation for our sins and leading us to conviction, faith, repentance and a holy life. This is the teaching of the Scriptures, and all opposing theologies whether new or old, are lacking in the saving element which the world needs. Human law will permit one man to pay the debt of another, but it will not permit one to suffer for the crime of another. What is impossible with men however is pos- sible with God. To bring the divine plan within the com- pass of the human understanding, man’s sin is sometimes compared in some measure, to a debt which we are unable to pay and for which we are condemned to suffer. We are said to be freed from that condemnation by the payment of a price, that price being the blood of Jesus Christ. “Ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, * * * but with the precious blood of Christ,” “Thou hast redeemed us to God by Thy blood.” Christ Himself declared that He came into the world “to give His life a ransom for many.” Such Scriptures as these can have no place in a system of theology that denies the saving efficacy of the cross. An argument of irresistible force can be constructed upon the Mosaic system of sacrifice. This is done in the Epistle to the Hebrews and the study of that wonderful epistle should be made by every one who cares to know the truth. One reference however to the Mosaic system must be made because of its connection with the idea of national salvation. Besides individual sacrifices for personal sins, sacrifices were offered for the sins of the nation itself. (Leviticus 4:13). And Paul had in mind the institutional reference of Christ’s redemptive work when he wrote “God was in Christ reconciling the world unto Himself, not im- puting their trespasses unto them, and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation.” (II. Cor. 5:19). R. C. W. EDUCATION IN THE SHAPING OF NATIONAL LIFE (Continued from Page 9.) chinery. The friction caused by the impact of a serious idea may destroy brain tissue. Exercise neither constraint nor restraint upon the youthful mind; it should develop natural- ly, according to the dictate of its own sweet and undisciplin- ed will. In a word, let the educative process be attended with as little pain as possible, and make the way to learn- ing smooth, easy and convenient. Such is the logic, if not the language, of much of the new pedagogy which finds ready acceptance by a certain type of youth who would palliate their mental indolence, and by a certain type of parents who would shield their offspring from hard work. This whole conception is false and shallow; there can be no intellectual achievement worth the name that does not sub- ject the individual to rigorous discipline and difficult under- takings. There is no royal road to learning. It cannot be acquired by any cheap or easy process. No magic formula has yet been discovered whereby the content of education can be transferred into the mind of man without arduous toil and diligent study. Sugar coating knowledge and giving it with soothing syrup to reluctant victims will produce a generation that lacks both teeth and vertebrae. If this pro- cess is to be carried much further, we should spare our youth the exertion of going to school at all; just let them send in their calling cards. The story is told of a chief in the South Sea Islands who refused to enter into conversation with Sir John Lub- bock after he had been bountifully fed by that noted scien- tist. Sir John exhausted all his arts on the wily old savage to no avail. Finally with some heat he demanded, “Why don’t you talk?” The old chief stretched himeself, yawned and tersely replied, “Ideas make me so stupid.” Heaven defend us, have we not in our own day seen a few callow youths put through the outward processes of an intellectual repast, who might appropriately quote the same sentence? These crucial times call imperatively for a revival of the love of learning and the willingness to acquire it even at the price of hard work. There can be no leadership com- mensurate with the needs of America, if this spirit be lack- ing in the youth of our day. “Imperial thinking,’’ as some one puts it, “is the prelude to imperial acting.” Let the home and State demand of the school, students trained to hard work and disciplined for independent thinking. There is, however, a still more vital factor than mere intellectual achievement that must be emphasized in our educational program, if democracy is to survive. I speak now of the moral earnestness and high ethical purpose that should accompany the pursuit of knowledge. Character, not culture, is the true end of education. Intellectual power of itself, however colossal, unless inspired with the desire to correct our social evils and to solve our moral problems, has no more value than the cube root of zero. Thoughtful men and women are beginning to question whether our educa- tional system is demonstrating its efficiency in the higher [Page Twenty-Eight] September, 1933 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N things of the spirit; whether, indeed, it is realizing in a large way the ideals set forth by Horace Mann, “to en- throne the moral faculties over appetite and passion and to render all courses of instruction subservient to the great duties of love to God and love to man;” whether, after all, it is not too secular and too material. With the horrors of the World War still hanging over us, we do well to ponder these questions. While imperial Germany during forty years was forging her cannon and training her military machine for slaughter, intellectual Germany was teaching in her schools the nobility of war and the bigoted conceits of Teutonic “Kultur.” We saw the result of this teaching in ravished Belgium and devastated France. The ideals of the class-room will sooner or later dominate the deeds of a nation. The warning to America is clear and explicit. We must see to it that the education offered to our youth is wholesome in content and that our schools from the primary to the university, are manned by teachers in whom morality is a living power; for morality is propagated not evolved, and character begets character. Education on a purely materialistic basis will prove futile, yea even destructive. To make it effective in regenerating society it must be liter- ally permeated through and through with Christian ethics. What we need most in America today is the fear of God and the love of righteousness. If the public school and the col- lege fail to inculcate these virtues, they are ignoring a duty absolutely vital in the moulding of national character. As a requisite to the discharge of this duty there is one Book effective in producing moral character, which the fashion of the times treats with scant consideration. I mean, of course, the English Bible. “That the truths of this Book,” as Francis Wayland says, “have the power of awakening an intense moral feeling in every human being; that they teach men to love right and hate wrong; that they control the baleful passions of the heart and make men proficient in self government; and finally that they teach man to aspire after conformity to a Being of infinite holiness, and fill him with hopes more purifying, more exalt- ed and better suited to his nature than any other book the world has ever known—these are facts as uncontrovertible as the laws of philosophy or the demonstrations of mathe- matics.” Yet as a concession to prejudice and bigotry this Book is practically banished from the public schools and treated as a literary curiosity in many of our colleges and universities. The Word of God must be restored to its right- ful place in the education of our youth if morality is to be a dynamic element in national character. When this Book, the liberator of serf and slave, the champion of civil and religious liberty, the protector of earth’s downtrodden and oppressed, ceases to be recognized as our supreme guide in social and political affairs, then we shall bid adieu to democracy and shall invoke the bayonet to maintain by force, laws which a free and happy people have obeyed from their inherent love and reverence for Holy Scriptures. Never, perhaps, have opposing theories of govern- ment raged with greater violence than today. Loud and discordant voices are heard on every side demanding that the foundations of society be overthrown and that our Christian civilization be uprooted and destroyed. Crude thinking, fathered in ignorance and nurtured by oppres- sion, counsels violence and bloodshed. A carnival of stupidity characterized by the grossest materialism, would supplant the rule of reason and the reign of law. This monstrous program has its most tragic illustration in Russia today. It is a thing at war with all things civilized; it is the arch foe of genuine democracy; it mocks at religion and sets at defiance the laws of Almighty God; it proposes to equalize humanity, not by lifting men up, but by pulling men down to the dead level of mediocrity. For the will of the majority, it would substitute the license of the unfit, and over the charred embers of liberty it would erect an aristocracy of blackguards and incompetents. This mad folly seeks a foothold in every land. Our elements of discontent are already mobilized by its emissaries and some of our so-called intellectuals are preaching its hellish doc- trines with Apostolic fervor. The danger to America from this folly, though, real is happily remote. There are, however, other alarming evils at our very doors. We are passing a critical period in our national life that is testing to the limit both public and private virtue. On every hand there is evidence of a vitiated taste in art and letters and a collapse of many of our old ethical standards. A flood of vicious leterature is pouring from the press, debasing the ideals and debauching the morals of all who read it. Lawlessness is rampant and constitutional authority set in open defiance as evidenced by the State of New York under the paw of the Tammany Tiger. The grosser crimes of theft and murder were never more prevalent. Last year in Canada with a population of 9,000,000 there were but 57 homicides; yet in Cook County, Illinois—with Chicago as its center—embracing less than 4,000,000 people, the number of murders was 212. And this is typical of many American communi- ties large and small. The sancitity of marriage is chal- lenged by the growing evil of divorce; to find its parallel we must go back to the decadent days of the Roman Empire. The carnival of greed and profiteering is still in full swing, and altruism in many quarters is scorned and labeled as weakminded. The lust for quick and easy money and the craze for popular amusements that make no demand whatso- ever on the intellect, have absolutely captured the crowd. As a people, speaking in broad terms, we have lost to an alarming degree our old moral distinctions and our sense of values. For example, the average baseball pitcher in any of the big leagues receives from two to four times the compen- sation offered to our best paid teachers and ministers. A pop- lar movie actress, who figured not long since in a sensational divorce, commands, so we are told, a yearly income that would make old Croesus gasp. The sums we award to those who minister to our profit and those who minister to our pleasure show great disparity. In hours of dejection I am tortured by the bitter reflection that “spit-balls’’ and “facility” have higher market value than gray matter steeped in classic lore. September, 1923 [Page Twenty-Nine] T EI E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N The attitude of the American people, broadly speaking, can be no better epitomized than by that bit of ragtime entitled, ‘‘We don’t know where we’re going, but we’re on Our way.” Some aspects, at least, of our present day life justify the cynicism of one of our critics who declares that “America is fast becoming a nation of spiritual illiter- ates, headed for moral bankruptcy.” Against the evils I have just mentioned, and others that threaten the stability of government and the integrity of private life, there is but one remedy—that remedy is education—yes, Christian education, shot through and through with the ethics and the spirit of Jesus Christ. In all this orgy of crooked thinking and crooked living that is so rampant in the world today, it behooves all of us who love American institutions and American traditions to plant our feet firmly on the foundations of righteousness and Christian morality, and to encourage all our educational agencies to develop a vital Godliness in individual and in corporate life. Here then at our hands lies the task God sets us as a people. “This task,” in the words of another, ‘‘is the development of our inner life; the enrichment of our minds; the purification of our hearts; the education of our- selves through liberty and labor; the reform of our politics; the rooting out of cant, of lying, of vulgarity, of greed and dishonesty, of drunkenness and lust.” Our task it is to make morality the basis of our entire national life. A morality not divorced from religion, but permeated and vitalized by the teachings and the spirit of the strong Son of God. These then are the high ideals that American education should seek to realize in the moulding of our national life, and your duty it is and mine, and that of all patriotic citizens of this Republic, to extend the aid, both moral and financial, that will render our schools stronger in personnel and equip- ment to accomplish the great task commended to our charge. Material prosperity alone will never make of us a great or a glorious people. If with all our wealth and pomp of outward circumstance there be no sense of obligation to our fellows, no strengthening of the ties of brotherhood, no culture of the civic conscience, no ministry to the poor and needy, no recognition of the spiritual in man that forever calls him upward and bids him enthrone faith and reason over appetite and passion; then of all peoples who have ever trod the earth we are the most miserable, for out of our abounding prosperity we are simply fashioning a material Frankenstein to mock, and curse and damn us in the end. After all, the real test of our democracy will lie in its ability to serve mankind; for sacrificial service is demanded of us as a nation no less than as individuals within the nation. In that mighty drama of Aeschylus, ‘‘Prometheus Bound,” which depicts the suffering on Mt. Caucasus of that heroic Titan for his service in bringing down fire from heaven to mankind, we are told by the poet that he might have been relieved of his torture at any moment had he been willing to forswear his allegiance to humanity and bow in servile reverence at the feet of Jove. When coun- selled so to do by Oceanus, Prometheus boldly and nobly declared: - “And if I suffer | Not to bear this ill, Were ill more grievous than the ill I bear; For there adown the west in lands far off My brother Atlas holds the pillars twain of earth and heaven, On aching shoulders borne. Seek mine own ease while he endures That strain of sinew stretched and torn? I will not yield !” Aye, this is the eternal challenge of the ages. Not to enter into sympathy with the world’s suffering is a base, a disgraceful, yea, a cowardly thing, so long as our brothers groan under its burdens and are martyred by its ignorance and its oppression. “Aeschylus,” said Demming, ‘‘wrote that legend in letters of flaming fire against a background of rolling night.” It was written again in the form of a Cross on a scowling hill amid darkness and earthquake; for if Jesus of Nazareth, had won His way to glory by any other path than that of sacrificial service, His glory would have passed ages ago. And as it was with the Master, so it must be with us, His disciples. America is called to play a decisive part in the redemption of humanity. This can be attained only through sacrificial service and this exalted ideal must be inculcated in our youth as the chief end of our whole educational program. WHAT’S THE MATTER WITH THE SCHOOLS: (Continued from Page 25.) who cannot control a child to expect the teacher to make of . him a disciplined and industrious and scholarly person. Which should have the louder notice, the fact that the teacher does sometimes win out in spite of the obstacles, or the fact that she too loses out in some cases? Another serious handicap to the schools is the notion brought into the schoolroom by many children, that the whole world is organized and conducted for the entertain- ment of their own little selves. They do cheerfully enough the things that are entertaining and easy, but refuse to do assignments not appealing to their fancies or requiring any mental effort. To make over the character and atti- tudes of a child having such a poor start, is an extremely difficult task—especially when one considers the compar- atively small number of hours in school and the large classes. It is quite impossible to secure the proper development of the child without a measure of conscious and willing effort on the part of the child. These sketchy observations may suggest some oppor- tunities to the home and to the general public for helping the schools to reach a higher standard of efficiency. Of course schools need good teachers and adequate physical equipment and capable supervision; but most of all they need a close and sympathetic co-operation among all of the interested parties—pupils, teachers, the Supervisory force, boards of education, parents, the general public; everybody. [Page Thirty] September, 1923 T H E C EIR IS TI A N S T A T E S M A. N. Day of Prayer for the Bible in the Schools Sunday, September 9 By ARTHUR B. Coop ER ...... The National Reform Association is the leading pro- ponent in America, of the teaching of the Bible in the pub- lic schools—the nation’s training school for citizenship. The Association issues its Call as in former years for a setting aside of Sunday, September 9–or of some service of the day—by churches, Sabbath schools, and societies, for the emphatic declaration of the necessity of the Bible in public education, and the paramount obligation of Our Government to place it there. It is urged that at such ser- vices, and throughout the season covering the opening of our schools, earnest prayer both public and private, be offered by all patriotic Christian citizens: SUGGESTIONS AS TO PLANS 1. Let every pastor who is in earnest in this matter, or any layman, see that the observance of this day is im- mediately brought before the local ministerial union and the church society. 2. Urge the state, county, and local superintendents to submit for publication their approval of the day’s observe ance and their willingness to co-operate. 3. Press the matter upon the attention of your local board of education at the earliest meeting that can be called. If you cannot get the one who seems to you the logical per- son to present the matter, constitute yourself its proponent. 4. Get your local editor to give space to a presenta- tion of the movement and an urgent advocacy of the day. - 5. Invite to this service by special written invitation, all your school-teachers and your board of education. 6. The most important element in the observance of the day, aside from the abounding spirit of prayer, should be the preaching of a sermon by the pastor, or if it be a union service, by one who will specially prepare a sermon. 7. It would be well for the preacher to distinguish clearly the difference between sectarian teaching and moral instruction from the Bible, and to outline somewhat the kind of instruction needed in our public schools in training citizens, so that our citizenship as a whole will retain its Christian character. SOME TOPICS FOR PROGRAMS 1. The Bible made America. 2. America has the task of assimilating all peoples who come to us. How can she do this without teaching the Bible? - 3. American life and institutions are being assaulted by definitely organized hosts of internal foes. 4. America is called to the moral leadership of the world. Can she make good without the vision which comes through a Bible-taught citizenship. 5. The enemies of Christian Education. 6. The products of Christian Education. 7. Temporal and social benefits of Christian education in our public schools. 8. The essential place of religion in education. 9. All youth is entitled to the department of know- ledge and discipline which religion opens. Can the nation confine it to the minority who are in Sabbath Schools. 10. Is a nation responsible for teaching those things required of citizens, the significance of the oath, etc.? SUGGESTED BIBLE READINGS These may also be used as sermon teacts. 1. The guide for all nations. Rom. 16:26 2. To be publicly read to the nation. Deut. 31:11;13 3. God’s voice to be obeyed by the nation Ea. 9:1;6 4. The life of the nation depends upon it. Prov. 4:13 5. Youth to be taught the foundations of national per- petuity. Deut. 6:1;15 6. A nation’s God. Ps. 144:11;15 7. A nation’s text book. II Chron. 17:9 8. Education that insures peace. Is. 54:13 9. A nation taking heed. II Peter 1:19 In Illinois, for thirty years the Bible has had no rec- ognition in the public schools maintained by taxpayers to train the coming sovereign citizens of the democracy to determine wisely the conduct of the State. The only pro- vision by law for the placing of the Bible is in the hand of the morally degenerate and dangerous, in the prison. The State is finally pushed to it, at the wrong end. President Coolidge, not as a private citizen but as the representative of, and embodying the powers of, one hundred and ten million people, raised his hand—the symbol of human power—to Heaven and said, “So help me God.” Shall we not teach the coming citizenry of the nation that no nation can survive and prosper without knowing and doing His will, the only way known of securing His help? “If chaplains are in Congress why not in schools where the youth are fitted for Congress? Every teacher should be the chaplain of his own school. The man or woman not possessed of qualifications to act as such should have no place in the schools of a country whose Supreme Court has declared it to be Christian.” The National Education Association convention in Chi- cago a few years ago issued this significant statement: “Re- solved—first, that the attempt to separate the cultivation of moral and intellectual powers, which prevails to a certain extent in our school system of today, is unphilosophical, in- jurious to the children and dangerous to the State: Second, that in the judgment of this Association the Bible should be recognized as the textbook of ethics, and the Word of God, which made free schools, should hold an honored place in them.” - President Eliot of Harvard has said: “Nobody knows how to teach morality effectively without religion. Exclude religion from education and you will leave no foundation upon which to build moral character.” September, 1933 [Page Thirty-One] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N IS IT SAFE FOR THE NATION? 1. Not to encourage as a part of public education the intimate acquaintance of every American with the greatest and most uplifting personality in all history? 2. Not to teach the ten great fundamental safeguards given every nation, as a nation, at Mt. Sinai? 3. Not to teach the greatest and most quoted classic of English literature? 4. To assume a sectarian attitude by turning from its manifest duty in education at the insistence of a sect, be the sect Christian, non-Christian or atheistic? 5. To turn from its manifest duty in educating its citizens in order to placate any group of citizens that is “in politics?” - 6. To entrust the civic and moral training of its citi- zens to any directing control other than that which is to be held to account by God—the nation herself. THE TESTS OF NATIONAL ENDURANCE When the God of nations was preparing the initial stages for unfolding the realization of the Kingdom of Heaven on earth, he called out of Egypt a great company of emancipated slaves and assembled them in the desert at Mt. Sinai, and told them that he would make of them a great nation and would give them a home in which to dwell. He promised them that no nation should be like unto them or should prevail over them but He exacted from them a covenant with Him on the basis of the Ten Commandments. He taught them the eternal truth that: No nation can long endure without religion and that religion must acknow- ledge God. No nation can long endure that does not safe- guard the Sabbath as instituted by the God of the nations. No nation can long endure that does not inculcate respect for properly constituted authority. No nation can long endure that does not safeguard its life blood. No nation can long endure that does not protect the sanctity of the home and the purity of women. No nation can long endure that is not honest in its dealings, true in its representation and fair in its relations to others. The nation, through its representatives, “The heads of the tribes and the elders,’’ agreed to this covenant, and God, through Moses, handed down to the people the statutes, ordinances and judgments which became the law of the nations, and which today are recognized as the bulwarks of modern civilization. Israel was commanded to teach these laws for the nation to all her coming citizens. So long as she did according to all that was written in the law, God prospered her and preserved her; but when she neglect- ed the law and the covenant, God delivered her to her enemies. And when the nation refused to accept her King who came to fulfill the law, God took out of the Jewish breast the instinct of nationality. Today she is the main exponent of the internationale. What was true of Israel is true of any nation today. Ulysses S. Grant, statesman, soldier-patriot, wrote “The Bible is the sheet anchor of our liberties. Write its precepts in your heart and practice them in your life. To this Book we owe all our prosperity in the past. To it we must look for safety in the future.” If the nation is to obey the law of its God as a con- dition of safety it must teach its future citizens what the God of the nation requires so that they may at the polls and elsewhere, intelligently and morally register that will of God in the conduct of the nation. It cannot rightly or safely delegate this obligation to church or home or private school. A SERMON OUTLINE Joshua 1:8–These words, like the decalogue, were spoken to a nation. At least one-fourth of the Bible, is spoken to the nation. The law, while applying to the indi- vidual, is given to the nation as such, and the prophets’ messages were usually to the nation or its earthly kings. GOD DEALS WITH NATIONS AS ENTITIES 1. Gives them commands. 2. Expects to be counselled with. 3. Holds them responsible. He had just punished a generation because its leaders had refused to obey Him. THERE IS A CIVIC LAW FROM GOD given to guard against national perils within and without. America is required as was Israel. 1. To ‘‘meditate therein” and 2. ‘‘Observe to do.’’ These are prime safeguards of citizenship. Ignorance and seeming inexpediency are no excuse. Sixty-two per cent of our citizens today refuse to respond to the call to ‘‘meditate thereon” or “observe to do.” Only the nation has authority to require the study of the Bible. Its safety depends upon its use of that authority. THE SECURITY OF A NATION RESTS HERE 1. A nation may be rich; may have armaments; may think herself isolated from, or proof against, national perils. 2. The Great Condition, “for then,” 3. The Great Promise, “Then Shall Thou,” Dare even America defy God? REFERENCES In this issue— “The American System of Education” by Richard Cameron Wylie. - “Education in the Shaping of National Life” by John C. Acheson. “Present Status of the Bible in the Public Schools” by W. S. Fleming. Annual Education numbers (September) of THE CHRIS- TIAN STATESMAN of recent years. (A very limited number of these can be supplied at 20c each) The past year in THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN January, p 17. - February, front cover, (by Geo. Washington.) February, inside cover, (by A. Lincoln.) February, p. 15. February, last cover. April, p. 12. May, p. 5. July, pp. 14, 15. NATIONAL REFORM LEAFLETS Send twelve cents to The National Reform Association, 209 Ninth St., Pittsburgh, Pa.. for packet. [Page Thirty-Two.] September, 1933 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN (FOUNDED IN 1867) Published Monthly at $2.00 the Year by The National Reform Association (ORGANIZED IN 1863) 209 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. COMITTEE ON PUBLICATION:- R. C. Wylie, James S. Martin, Thomas D. Edgar, A. B. Cooper, Lyman E. Davis, J. H. McQuilkin; Frank J. Cannon, Chairman. Editor-in-Chief—RICHARD CAMERON Associate Editors—Thomas H. Acheson, Dorothy C. Hyde WYLIE Business Manager—Arthur B. Cooper OCTOBER C O N T E N T S 1923 Page Page The Slaughter of the Presidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 No Room for the Worst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Calvin Coolidge, Man of Gumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Beware of Confiscation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Notes by the Way . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - ---------- 4. As Sure as Death and Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Story of the Month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 The Strong Plank for Party Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Back to Old-Fashioned Work . . . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 Christian Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Lodge on Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Doubt and Faith in Reverse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 º, sº America and the world court 19 The Prophet Has a Competitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 - - OUTLOOK - Schools for Trades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Trembling on the Brink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S The Lone Survivor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 The Trouble Breeder - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8 On Fair Pay for Teachers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Brutality Comes High - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8 A Sprouting Seed of Good Will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Mariners of the Skies - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 Prospectus of the Religious Exchange Promoted by Only German Integrity Can Save Germany . . . . . . . . . 9 The National Reform ASSociation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Cheerful, Fearful Lady Astor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 What Is That Which is Prohibited 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 A. Covenant with the Dead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 We Must Build Homes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Bandit and Patriot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Ebuliitions in Mormondom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 CURRENT NOTES AND OPINION EDITORIAL American Construction for Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Eight Hours a Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Women Want to Know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Now for an Air Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Harvard’s Prize Poem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Open Fight for Law Observance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 She Deserves a Chance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Two Big Men Well Met . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Short Skirts Become Orthodox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Cruelly Correct Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Are There Christian Statesmen? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 A Consummation to be Devoutly Wished . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 People and Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 A Time for Open Dealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Good Tidings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Address contributed articles to the Editorial Department; and business communications to the Business Department; Christian Statesman, Fourth Floor Publication Building, 209 Ninth St., Pittsburgh, Pa. Entered as Second Class matter, July 30, 1906, at Pittsburgh, Pa., under Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. i. October, 1923 [Page 6ne] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E s M A N The Slaughter of the Presidents The American people love their Presidents; and therefore chasten them almost or quite unto death. The Presidential office has such weighty cares and responsibilities that it taxes all the physical, mental, and spiritual powers of the man who is called to carry the burden. Even if he have the unlimited support of his fellow-citizens, still is he overborne by the demands of public duty so cruelly incessant that the twenty-four hours of the day seem all too few for the conscientious discharge of his obligation to his country and to his God. And how much more we add to the deadly strain upon him when a very voluble body of us stands ready to criticise his shortcomings, no matter what he may do or say! - We are killing our Presidents. And the wanton, if not willful, murder spirit ought to come to repent- ance while the memory of recent martyrdoms is fresh in our minds. Warren G. Harding went into the White House full of physical vigor, mental alertness, and spiritual zeal. He died in the midst of his duties when most his career gave promise of long and useful service. He was the victim of overwork and of unfair criticism. Woodrow Wilson, still living, is an equally tragic remembrance. The conscientious and intelligent citizen does not choose to remit his right of study and of comment upon the actions of the President. It is one of the glorious rights of a democracy that the people who choose the President may also agree with or differ from him concerning any public measure. But to differ from him upon honest grounds is a totally different thing from lying in wait until he shall have expressed him- self, and then abusing him for his utterance. More than ninety per cent of the ridicule of Warren G. Harding, and more than ninety per cent of the defamation of Woodrow Wilson, came from bitter partisanship and not from conscientious citizenship. Malignancy of spirit lies concealed like a serpent until the President desig- nates the path along which he proposes to direct his administration, and then waylays and attacks him. It makes no difference which path the President selects. The viper of malignant criticism is there awaiting a victim. - Is there no appeal which can be made to the citizenry of America to stay this slaughter of our Presi- dents? Is partisanship so much more sacred than the public welfare? In a long lifetime of observation we have never seen a bad President of this country. We have never seen one who was not seeking earnestly and prayerfully to discharge his duties with glory to God and the nation. We have never seen one who was not assiduous in his work. We have never seen one who had any unwillingness to sacrifice himself on the altar of duty. And we have never seen one whom the people were not willing to sacrifice! A new man has come into the White House under very sad circumstances; he succeeds one whose robust body and active mind and resolute spirit were all broken down in two years and five months of Presidential service. What shall be the support given to Calvin Coolidge, President of the United States? Shall the whole people extend to him faith and confidence and support and prayer? Or shall a considerable segment of our people begin at once the infamous attacks which have darkened the days of all the Presidents in the past? Our country needs the best which the President can give. And if he is to give his best, the citizens of the United States must give their best to him and for him. Anything less than this is injurious to the com- mon welfare. - - The nation suffers when its Presidents are bowed down by contumely in the midst of their sacred labors. And in the day of judgment those enemies of the public weal who kill the Presidents by venomed tongue will suffer for their sin of murder. Fººt, 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111” ------------ -------------------------- [Page Two.] - October, 1923 THE CHR Is TIAN s T A T E s MAN Calvin Coolidge, Man of Gumption By James Ellington Mason Of the very large group of politicians—and the very much smaller group of statesmen—who gave casual attention to Vice-President Calvin Coolidge, practically every one of both crowds is giving his most acute study to President Calvin Coolidge. It is interesting to note the varying analyses of his character; and, incidentally, it is rather easy to get a line on the mental and moral quality of the analyst—politician or statesman—by noting what he has to say in admiration or criticism of the President as he gets the President’s qualities from the Coolidge brief and pointed public utterance. The mere politician seems to be afraid that the President will not be regular. And the statesman seems to be very confident that the President will be guided by divine inspiration in the discharge of his vast responsibilities. Listening recently to a mingled group of these politicians and statesmen, I was struck by the expres- sion used by one of them who has had long and honorable relation to our public life. He said: “I have every confidence in President Coolidge, because he is a man of Gumption.” It is years since I heard that word applied in this way. Others had gone into all the refinements of speech in describing the President’s qualities. One had said that he was most impressed by the fact that Calvin Coolidge could not be dazzled by any earthly glory, and that such composure was an assurance of his sufficiency for his duties. Another had said that his great strength lay in his reticence—his power to formulate his purposes without giving premonition, thereby gaining the advantage of surprise. Another had said that Coolidge had a right to regard him- self as a man of destiny and that such self-assurance imparted resistless power in dealing with others. But the comment which most pleased me was that of the old-time politician, who is also a statesman, and who said that Calvin Coolidge is a man of Gumption. I do not know of any finer combination than religion and Gumption. Coolidge possesses both. He is a man of most reverent mind; and at the same time he is the coolest and most level-headed personage you could encounter in a day’s ride. We need a man of active religious fervor at the head of the United States at this time, and we have such a President. Also, we need a man of Gumption. And we have him. You cannot sweep Gumption away by any wild hurrah. You cannot fool Gumption by any mere party demand. You cannot mislead Gumption by any fiction or fad of the hour. You cannot subdue Gumption by an appeal to narrow national selfishness. Gumption is the thing that our fathers wanted to find in their sons. It comes from an old Saxon word, and it means understanding; it means discretion. The great Samuel Johnson whose dictionary of the English language was an imperishable gift to the world, gives just one word as the full definition of Gumption. “Sense.” And there you have it. Samuel Johnson epitomized all the complimentary words concerning intelli- gence into his definition of Gumption. It is Sense. And that is the invaluable possession of President Calvin Coolidge, which every one must recognize. He is a man of Gumption. - October, 1923 [Page Threel T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N NOTES BY * | ******************11111111111 inninsurant in annºn annur an innatiºn in initiat it minum an in - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- THE WAY | Up in New York: A murder a day, and the Old Nick to pay. Dissension between the children of God is the devil's opportunity. - To know how to serve faithfully is to know how to command justly. A prediction: Republic in the Rhineland and Mon- archy at Berlin. “Hitch your wagon to a star’’ and then be sure you don’t fall off the wagon. our “man on horseback” at Washington picked one of his own kind—a thoroughbred. To Governor Pinchot: It’s an easy ‘‘down-hill haul’’ from Harrisburg to Washington. The formidable candidate is the one who wears his hat and keeps a still head under it. Going to God with all the doings of this day is the best preparation for a noble tomorrow. Junking battle ships in time of peace may save an enemy from trying to junk them in time of war. If de Valera loves Ireland - so well, he ought to be willing to stay in jail for the sake of her peace. The Irish Free State is free, except for a few mal- contents who want to set her free from her freedom. Fourteen million motor cars are making expert dodgers or corpses of our entire pedestrian population. A Chicago professor undertakes to rewrite and modern- ize the Bible. Let him first try his hand on Shakespeare and see how he comes out. German industrial barons are buying locations in China and are paying gold marks. And that’s partly what ails the paper mark in Germany. Bergdoll likes Germany. And Germany likes Bergdoll. Why not let him stay there till his cash is gone? Then both will be cured of their liking. Theodore Roosevelt, speaking of one of his blatant and undisciplined Progressives, called him “The wild ass of the desert.” You can still hear the bray. A Boston labor leader says that the bootleggers who supply poison moonshine to labor men are actuated by sinister motives. They merely want to meet their customers upon equal terms. Whisky bought in England by a forged draft, brought across the Atlantic by a pirate rum runner, sold to a boot- legging craft at the twelve-mile limit, stolen by a corsair motor boat, smuggled ashore, at a fashionable resort, and guzzled by “rich and respectable people,” who—between drinks—are alarmed at the crime wave which is sweeping the country ! If you have any doubt as to which is the Chosen Land, just ponder these figures: In the last fiscal year, 522,919 immigrants came into the United States and only 81,450 persons—all aliens—emigrated from the United States. The figures are more impressive when you consider that all who wanted to get out could go out and not one third of those who wanted to get in could come in. Just thank the Lord you are an American. STORY OF THE MONTH There is a young man on an island in the Zuyder Zee who wants to come to America and work in a factory. He was born a Hohenzollern, a son of that Wilhelm II. who called himself the War Lord. The younger man ex- pected to be Emperor of Germany and to bestride the earth like another Colossus, as soon as his father should have laid tribute upon all the other nations and should have passed to his last earthly sleep. Frederick Wilhelm Hohenzollern, deposed crown prince, has wealth at his command, but most of his imperial am- bitions are dead. - He would just like to come to America and be a work- ingman' Is there in this a hint to any American boys—all of whom are born to princedoms if they will but occupy their thrones of righteous power and wield the imperial sceptre of Work? [Page Four] October, 1923 T H E O H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N BACK TO OLD-FASHIONED WORK By BENJAMIN JENNE In recent years I have been much cheered by the opti- mistic note in the communications of Roger W. Babson, the great statistician. But of late months I have been wondering if he would not issue a warning; and it has come. In a statement, issued generally through the press, he sounds a note of fear and admonition. He seems to think that if the younger genera- tion is not more strictly trained to habits of industry and thrift, and more thoroughly innoculated with a sense of its responsibilities in the world, we must pass into a period of depression and possibly serious disaster. - Now this has been observed by many of us in recent times—many of us who could scarcely write or speak on the subject without coming under the imputation that we were “grouchy’’ toward the rising generation. I myself, have been reminded many times in conversation that the older people of every age made the same complaint about the youth of their time. But I have noticed that in many cases the very citations were of instances where the decline in the integrity of youth was but the precursor of national ruin. So the argument countered against me was usually its own cure. However, as Mr. Babson, who is accepted as the business men's guide, philosopher and friend, has seen fit to speak, we may hope that even the most careless of our observers will give some heed. One complaint is that the youth of today is interested only in spending. It makes little difference from what source the money comes. If a boy earns a salary he wants it all for himself. If a girl is a producer, she wants to spend her whole salary on her wardrobe. In both cases if relatives can supply additional funds these are in demand. But I differ from most of the critics in placing the moral responsibility. Some time ago I read in THE CHRIS- TIAN STATESMAN that the older people were to blame be- cause the youth of today goes only as far as youth is per- mitted—just as youth has always gone as far as older peo- ple allowed. That is the exact truth, and it fixes the moral responsibilities upon fathers and mothers, upon guardians, and upon all the mature people in society at large. In one of your editorials you said not long ago: “Wake up, American parents, you are becoming afraid of your Own children.” That is where the fault lies. Everywhere One sees that American parents are waiving their own standards in order to accommodate themselves to the whims of youth, whims brought in from the outside. After it is too late, American parents hold up their hands in holy horror and say: “We can’t do anything with Jimmie or Maggie. We have to let them have their own way or they will leave home.’’ The orgy of spending money to buy pleasure must stop. In reality, it is not pleasure which is purchased, but dangerous excitement. - - No nation can sustain the burden of idleness and lux- ury which is now saddled on the United States. The work of the world has to be done. And it is the work of the world which carries the whole tremendous burden. If we withdraw a large element from industrious life and put it into costly idleness, we are thereby doubling the weight upon the remaining moiety. The cure for most of our economic ills, for many of our moral troubles and for some of our physical ailments, is work—old-fashioned work. No nation can long live with- out it. - LODGE ON WASHINGTON BY ERNEST TURNER MASON . “He was as far removed as possible from that highly virtuous and very ineffective class of persons who will not Support anything that is not perfect.” Make a guess as to the authorship of that paragraph. And make another guess as to the subject of the historical essay of which it forms a part. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge was the author and he was writing of George Washington. When Senator Lodge considers the League of Nations, I wonder if he ever cares to look into his own writings to get some idea how statesmen of an earlier day viewed the great questions upon which they had to decide, not only for themselves but for all the generations of their people. George Washington, like his compeers, had to consider most carefully the Constitution which was being framed for the United States. When the convention met in 1787, there were just as many doubts and difficulties confronting that body of patriots as could have been visible to the Senate of the United States when the treaty for the League of Nations was offered. The Constitutional Convention of 1787 sat for four long and trying months, its members battling with radical dif. ference of view; but finally they adopted the immortal docu- ment. - - Perhaps every man in the assembly had to make compromise in Some small or large way of his own opinions. George Washington himself had his own doubts con- cerning many of the points which were raised time after time, and met his own difficulties in resolving questions at issue. But the vital need of the measure overcame every resistance; and Washington, after becoming its resolute pro- ponent and its defender, said this: “I wish that the Con- stitution which is offered had been more perfect, but I sin- cerely believe it is the best that could be obtained at this time, and the adoption of it, in my opinion, is desirable.” If we had the same timber in our public men today, the same exalted patriotism, the same willingness to waive personal feeling and partisan bias and individual and party ambition, we would now have been in the League of Nations with the fifty-two other countries. That League is for the world what the Federation of States was for this country. I wish Senator Lodge would read his own biography of George Washington. -- October, 1923 [Page Five] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N [s] JABEZ. SAYS usumu: [E] Two business men and a professor were talking to me on a railway train a few weeks ago and were making a united indictment against the age of “Seventeen to Twenty-one.” They almost personified it. Seventeen to Twenty-one was a malignant demon turned loose upon the world for its destruction. . One might have thought that they expected the Ameri- can boy to jump from sixteen to twenty-two over night. The professor led off with a recital of some awful statistics, most of them vague, concerning the crimes of banditry committed by young men and boys in their de- termination to get easy money for extravagant pleasures. Of course none could say him may because one cannot pick up a daily newspaper without reading of crimes of violence and outrageous daring, perpetrated by boys still in their teens. But I ventured to challenge all the deductions of the group concerning the responsibility. They laid the offense to youth itself—said it was uncontrollable, as youth had never been in any other known period of history; that it was idle; that it was selfish; and that it would wreck the world if it should continue in its present course. Now I do not believe that a boy properly trained at home and at church until he is of the age of sixteen years and 364 days, passes—in the night preceding his seventeenth anniversary—from good character to bad character. I do not believe that any startling change of any kind occurs. At seventeen he is the expression of antecedents developed in him through all the years up to that time. There is many a father who cannot or will not take time to visit with and train his boy while that boy is growing from ten to seventeen, who is compelled to take time later on to visit with the boy in the county jail or the reformatory. The fault is not with Seventeen to Twenty-one. The fault is with Thirty-five to Sixty. If Thirty-five to Sixty will do its duty the world is in no danger from Seventeen to Twenty-one. I suppose I ought to be perfectly satisfied—since most of my friends are determined that I shall be—with the fact that nearly any manual toiler can ride to and from his work in his own motor car. And yet it is difficult for me to feel the high exaltation or even the placid contentment of my argumentative associates, so long as the preacher or the teacher has to walk his daily rounds; and so long as the higher the daily wages of manual toilers, the further and further recedes the day when the brain worker can enjoy the luxuries of these modern days. But I found something along this line which just suits me. There is a coke worker in Fayette County, Pennsyl- vania, named Edmund Henriques who disdains even an automobile and uses an aeroplane. He says he will fly to and from business every day, and in his leisure hours he will dart over to Cleveland or Chicago to watch the base. ball games. Maybe this is the relief for which I have been vainly praying. When the coke workers and the plasterers and the bricklayers and the carpenters all throw away their motor cars and take to aeroplanes, possibly the preacher or the school teacher can get a second-hand flivver for his use. Our dear old friend Cicero, to whom we might well turn occasionally when we are worried with the blatant public utterances of this day, deplored in most moving terms that the patricians of his time paid more attention to their fish ponds than to the preservation of the com- monwealth. He warned them that if Rome fell, fish ponds and mar- ble baths and purple and fine linen would all go into the I’UIII). - Therefore, their first duty was to preserve the State if they would insure the perpetuity of their own possessions to themselves and to their children. When one sees the eager zeal with which some of our own citizenry pursue their selfish profit and their pleasure while the State is threatened with many woes, one cannot ignore the lesson of that far off time, when some of the patricians, after fatal neglect of their public duty, were dumped into their own precious fish ponds, to fatten the eels and lampreys to which they once fed their slaves. They “can’t understand him” and they “don’t know what he is up to.” I have to laugh when some of the smug oldtime poli- ticians talk this way about Henry Ford. Of course they can’t; and of course they don’t. As well expect a man of the stone age to understand the Golden Rule. Well, if they live, they may have occasion to get bet- ter acquainted with Mr. Ford. Meantime, it may be worth their while to cultivate an extension of their powers of com- prehension and get some faint idea of what he is up to. Mabel Walker Willebrandt, Assistant Attorney General, Snipped all the red tape with her legal scissors and broke up the biggest whisky ring in the country. It takes a woman to abolish that “how not to do it” system down in Washington. [Page Siac] October, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N [E] AND MARTHA SAYS An amazing story comes out of the North. It is vouched for by Harold Noice, commander of the Wrangell Island Relief Expedition. And its heroine is a young Eskimo girl, Ada Blackjack. For five months this slight girl, less than 100 pounds in weight, nursed and cared for a desperately ill man on the northern island where they were marooned. She hunted and trapped and fished for their food. She eluded polar bears who stalked her while she stalked her prey. She pre- pared food, repaired and made clothing, did all the thous- sand and one things that would be necessary in such a situation. What is perhaps most remarkable of all, she kept up the courage and cheerfulness and sanity of herself and her companion. After he died, she lived for a month in entire solitude, in great privation, and face to face with what seemed inevitable and torturous death. Then she was found by the rescue party. :: * : * : * * One must go back to 1921 for the preface. In Sep- tember of that year, an expedition financed by Vilhjalmur Stefansson, landed on Wrangell Island for the Ostensible pur- pose of scientific research, but—it was later alleged—with the intention also of placing the Island, then considered American territory, again under the British flag. The party consisted of four white men—the leader Crawford, a Can- adian; three Americans, Knight, Maurer and Galle; four Eskimo men; and an Eskimo girl servant, Ada Blackjack. Stefansson received a report of their safe arrival on the Island. It was planned that a rescue party would go for them in two years. Under the command of Harold Noice this rescue party sailed from Nome on October 5, in spite of threats that the Soviet authorities intended to capture the Wrangell Island Expedition and the rescuing party as well, as a step toward enforcing Russia's claim to the Island. In the period after September 1921, while various great powers struggled for possession of the Island, nine human beings struggled for their lives upon its icy wastes. Gradually the puny human creatures began to lose their fight against the titantic force of the cold and barren north. In the latter part of 1922 they found that their food would not last through the winter and it was determined that three of the men should attempt to reach Siberia. Ada made new clothing for Crawford, Maurer and Galle, who were to make the trip, and sent them away as well equipped as possible. The newspaper dispatches do not mention the Eskimo men, who had perhaps perished earlier. Knight, who was ill, was to remain with Ada. The shore party left the Island January 28, 1923. Knight had scurvy, and he and Ada both knew he must have fresh meat. The girl had not been raised in an Eskimo hut, but in Nome, a city of electric lights, street cars and the other comforts and conveniences of civilization. She had never fired a gun nor set a trap. Now she did both. She caught foxes and, after some target practice, was able to shoot a few seals. More than once she was obliged to aban- don her catch because polar bears were attracted to the scene and she did not dare risk the attempt to shoot them. Much of her time was given to nursing her suffering com- panion. Late in June, Knight died, and for almost two months afterward the plucky girl, alone on the island, managed to keep life in her body and reason in her brain. When the rescue party found her, she was working on a net and had made a little canvas boat. Her only remaining provision was twelve pounds of mouldy pilot bread which she was Saving for the next winter when it would be impossible to do any hunting. No comment is needed on the courage, resourcefulness and indomitable will and energy displayed by this Eskimo girl. Her story tells it all. Some years ago our wise and kind old family doctor was stricken down by a severe illness—typhoid fever, I think. When he was convalescent, some of us expressed our pleasure at his recovery and our regret for his suffering. ‘‘It’s all right,” he said. “I needed it. Every doctor needs to be sick once in a while.” That was one way—a big way—of looking at it. This good man feared, though none of us thought it likely, that he might grow callous to the suffering of others; and he was willing to have his health broken so that he might be sure of keeping his sympathy intact. #: *: *: # * # How it would promote kindness and understanding if we all played sometimes a sort of grown-up game of “Puss in the Corner,” where we would be obliged to change places with the other fellow—where the doctor would be the patient; the dentist the drillee instead of the driller; the lawyer the client; the employer the employee and the em- ployee the employer; the landlord the would-be tenant—with a family of children against whom all doors seemed to be closed; and, last but not least, where the minister would sit sometimes as one of his own congregation and where the most discontented member of a church would have to occupy the pulpit of the pastor with whom he finds so much fault. To be sure, Providence makes us play the game some- times by reversing our positions strangely and suddenly; but it would be a good thing if of our own volition, we more often put ourselves in another’s place. [Page Seven] October, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N [E] outlook [E] TREMBLING ON THE BRINK The threat which came with the opening of September, of a war between Italy and Greece, with possibilities of in- cluding other peoples of Europe and even the whole world —a threat which is growing less but has not been entirely dissipated at the time of this writing—shows how tremulous is the man-made peace. It stands constantly on the brink of the precipice. Five members of the Greco-Albanian boundary commis- sion were assassinated, assumedly by Greek citizens; and be- cause responsibility was not avowed immediately by the Greek government and a sufficient effort at punishment and reparation made, Italian war ships shelled Corfu and Italian soldiery landed and took possession. This presented a far more serious situation at the outset than did the individual act of the assassin who killed the Austrian Crown Prince in 1914; and all Europe is set atremble. But in this moment it seems that there is a hope of amicable settlement which did not then exist. The League of Nations is in active operation and it has moral authority over this question. If Greece and Italy shall present their cause of controversy to the Council of the League, a Way may be found for peaceful adjustment. Such an issue comes clearly within the authority of the League covenant. It is there prescribed that nations signatory to the covenant shall —in just such contingency—submit their dispute to Orderly processes of investigation and settlement of the Council of the League itself. This would be the most definite test to which the coven- ant can be subjected. Italy committed an act of war upon Greece, with or without sufficient provocation. If the Coun- cil of the League should be able to stay the nations from plunging into a life and death conflict, the League will have justified and glorified its existence. For a war between Italy and Greece would be likely to involve all the nations of Europe before its ravages could be stayed. - - THE TROUBLE BREEDER - The Turk is back in Europe and back on his own terms. After all the promises made in behalf of human rights; in spite of all the expectations entertained by peoples of lesser national magnitude, the diplomats of Europe—aided and abetted by observers from the United States—have made a treaty between the European powers and Turkey which has established peace for the moment and which gives to Tur- key not only all the substantial things that were in dispute but even more than she would have dared to claim as her own four years ago. In one respect only does it seriously infringe upon any claim which Turkey might have set up. It reduces her size by a recognition of certain detached mandated states like Palestine, Mesopotamia and Syria; but it makes compen- sation even in these matters, for in each of these states Turkey has certain claims upon valuable concessions, and with these she will make such terms as she may desire. The inhumanity of this so-called peace settlement is a blot upon the civilization of this century and gives cause for doubt of the intellectual and moral leadership in the great nations of Europe. No provision is made for the protection of the Armenians. The remnant of this harrassed people will be compelled to find a new refuge—if its strength be sufficient for a new migration. The Greeks within Turkish territory are to be ex- changed by compulsion, and the Turks in Greek territory are to be brought back under their own government. This of itself may not be as great a hardship as the one imposed upon the Armenians, but it is full of the possibility of con- flict and strife. The skill in effecting such a settlement belongs to Ismet Pasha, who showed himself as great a tactician in council as on the field of battle. His motive may have been One of patriotism. And certainly he is not to be criticised for getting the best terms possible for his country. But the motive which prompted the less able diplomats of European countries to yield, was in large degree one of com- mercial ambition for their own national interests. And the whole settlement—while at Lausanne it is cele- brated as a victory of peace—is in reality provocative of continued wars. - For the Turk is back in Europe, and in Europe he breeds trouble. - BRUTALITY COMES HIGH Nearly a hundred thousand people paid nearly a mil- lion dollars to see a South American brute knock out a North American brute in a prize fight. The bruisers received about $40,000 for each minute of actual fighting. And in the meantime thousands of men and women whose strength is in their spirit, are working day and night to evolve a peace plan which will earn the award of $100,000 offered by Edward W. Bok. Rome did not fall until there came too wide a diver- gence between her high purpose and her low pleasure. [Page Eight] October, 1923 T B E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N MARINERS OF THE SRIES The new mariner, who does not go down to the sea but goes up to the sky in ships and there risks his life, is called by a lot of shallow people, a foolhardy seeker after fame. The man who does the wonderful new thing in the air, whether in reaching altitudes, in demonstrating new appar- atus for stabilizing, or in endurance flights, is really a hero waging war for the improvement of conditions for mankind. Out of his risky experiments comes information. We learn what we can do and what we cannot do. Every flight under novel conditions adds something to the store of exact knowledge. This fearless flier in the skies is the same sort of chivalrous fellow as those good boys who allowed themselves to be innoculated with yellow fever down in the Panama Canal strip—in order that observing physicians might learn how to cure or prevent the disease in others. The critics of these heroes are like the people who derided Shackleton and Peary. Having no use for any in- formation themselves concerning the Polar regions, they cannot understand the scientific value of the Shackleton and Peary achievements. We imagine that when Magellan sailed, people stood on the mole watching his tiny ship depart and laughing at him for a fool. But he sailed around the world ! ONLY GERMAN INTEGRITY CAN SAVE GERMANY The fall of the Cuno ministry in the republic of Ger- many was the inevitable consequence of the great plot of the industrial and financial magnates. While the masses of the people have been working industriously to rebuild, the captains of industry have been transferring to other coun- tries their large financial profits for investment or deposit— leaving the finances of Germany to topple over the precipice. Leading financial journals in Germany, which dare to speak the truth, have been warning the government for some time of the great dangers which impended; and they have attributed the menace to the right cause. With the incoming of Gustav Stresemann, who formed the new Cabinet, there is hope that an effort will be made to repair the evils before it is too late. Stresemann is leader of the People's party in Germany. He is in favor of the payment of reparations to France. He recognizes that the sin of destruction was Germany's sin; and that she ought to meet the consequences. But not even Strese- mann’s fairness will be of avail unless he can induce the Stinneses and the Thyssens and the other magnates to keep their profits at home for the upbuilding of German in- dustry and the extension of German trade. Up to this writing we have not seen any authenticated statement from Chancellor Stresemann of his intention to bring the indus- trial magnates to an accounting. But everything indicates that such is his purpose, since any attempt to rehabilitate German finances would be a vain and frivolous thing with- out their active co-operation. If he shall succeed in reaching the vast source of money which these magnates have diverted, bringing such money into the use of the republic of Germany, he will have made a fair start toward the restoration of financial stability and international integrity. It would seem to be his in- tention to compel these magnates to bring back their cash from foreign countries in the form of gold, and to make it available for taxation and as a basis for the currency of the republic. This is the first step which must be taken to prevent complete and final collapse, and finally to avoid a revolutionary conflict and probably a foreign war. For some time past THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN has held the view which seems also now to be held and even expressed by German financial journals, that the money situation in Germany was deliberately produced by the magnates. They wanted to get vast profits for themselves; they wanted to avoid taxation by placing their gold bal- ances for investment or deposit in other countries; and they wanted to give the impression that Germany is unable to pay the reparations due to the Entente Allies. Tempor- arily they succeeded in deceiving that part of the world which took only a casual view of the case. But observant people everywhere realized the truth of the situation which now has been made plain by the fall of the Cuno ministry, and sensed the need of bringing in a statesman of the people, Gustav Stresemann, who has formed a cabinet of men who love and believe in the Fatherland and who want to estab- lish her finances and industry upon the rock of national integrity. CHEERFUL, FEARFUL LADY ASTOR Lady Nancy Astor gave the House of Commons a good scolding, and then she went out and scolded at the House of Lords in her addresses to the country. She wanted a bill passed by the British Parliament to prevent the sale of liquor to children under eighteen years of age. And she won her fight. So you see that a woman who knows how to scold and when to scold; a woman who puts lots of humor into her scolding; and who scolds cheerfully sometimes and fearfully at other times in a good cause, is worth while in a parliamentary body. Great Britain needed to be stirred up and it took an American woman to do the stirring. At this writing the bill seems certain to become a law, for it can hardly fail of the royal signature. It is our recollection that there has not been a veto by a British sovereign in more than fifty years. - With this law and its enforcement, will come an end to a deep infamy of the liquor traffic in Great Britain. One of the most horrifying things in English slum life was that little tots, bare-footed and in rags, could go into public houses to buy gin for drunken parents; and there these girls and boys became dedicated to a life of degradation and misery. Lady Nancy Astor by her superb scolding has lifted British childhood out of one of its greatest dangers. October, 1923 [Page Wine T EL E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N 4 GOVENANT WITH THE DEAD A sacred part of France now belongs to America. It is Belleau Wood—the spot where the Marine Brigade of the Second Division of the A. E. F. broke the German offensive in July, 1918. There our wonder boys made their stand, and in hand to hand fighting showed their superiority over the trained troops of the Central Empires. The spot has been purchased by the Belleau Wood Association of the United States, and on the 22nd of July last, General Foch pulled down the French colors; and the American flag was hoisted to wave over that spot through the coming years. Of all the magnificent orations delivered at that time, we are most impressed by the remarks of Senator David A. Reed of Pennsylvania, who was, himself, a soldier of dis- tinction in the great war. Standing on that spot sanctified by the blood of his countrymen, as well as immortalized by their heroic deeds, Senator Reed made this sublime adjura- tion and this solemn promise: “We Americans whose sons lie here, we Americans who left our comrades here, pledge ourselves to stand true to the cause for which they died. Our hearts stay with their bodies here in France; and, whatever may be the rumors of the day, Americans will stand faithful to that great cause.” Along with the memory of the saving heroism which made Belleau Wood a spot immortal in the history of men, qught to stand a remembrance of the justice which Senator Reed's pledge expressed. Sentiment like this ennobles the nation and inspires its youth to a high endeavor. We would give more for the utterance of David A. Reed at Belleau Wood as a help to American glory and American security, than for all the demagogic orations that can be delivered by the bitter enders returned from Europe to make capital out of world distress and to stimulate America’s defection from a world duty. # * * * # 4% The achievement of the Marine Brigade of the Second Division was not excelled by any event in the war. The Germans had fortified this forest for a mile square with machine guns in positions which were deemed impregnable. For twenty-three days our boys attacked; they uncovered one machine nest only to find it under fire from another. But with a courage not excelled in any battle of history, they fought on and on. The French themselves called this “one of the toughest jobs of the war.” When at last the Wood was taken by the A. E. F., an instant change in war psychology was observed. The Allies took heart and the German morale dropped. General Ferdinand Foch, standing under the Stars and Stripes on July 22, 1923, said of the event which was then being commemorated, that it was the turning point of the War. While tears rolled down his cheeks he promised: “The men who died here are safe. They will be guarded by us religiously.” - - All that glorious courage will have been given in vain if the thing for which America entered the war—safety for the world—shall be lost by a failure on the part of American statesmen to see their world duty and to per- form it. BANDIT AND PATRIOT Francisco Villa was killed last July by feudists who caught him in an ambuscade as he was traveling near his Mexican ranch. He was a brigand of desperate type—or so we of this country were taught to believe by the lurid reports which appeared concerning him during the years 1912 to 1914. But in reality he was almost a great patriot; and he came near to becoming an immortal revolutionary leader. He was brutal and bloodthirsty, so reliable witnesses declare; but he was in a brutal and bloodthirsty region, and he learned his fighting in a brutal and bloodthirsty school. His motives were not entirely those of the robber. He wanted to establish some rights for the common people who had so long been held in bondage—the people from whom he sprang. Had he acquired an education and utilized his talents in the service of his country, Villa would probably have been the greatest Mexican of his age or of all ages up to this time. Untutored as he was, his observations on great questions showed that he could think, because he had something to think with; and that he could feel for the woes of humanity suffering under tyrannous conditions, because he had a heart. With brains and courage in the quantity which this man possessed, his leadership, under favorable opportunity, would have meant glory to his native land. The quality of his mind is shown by two observations which he made concerning war and the maintenance of war forces. It must be remembered that this man knew nothing of books, nothing of ancient history and very little of current history. When General Scott of the American forces sent to him a copy of the rules of war adopted by the Hague Conference, Villa remarked: “What is this Hague Con- ference? And also, what is the difference between civilized war and any other kind of war?” That was in 1912; and the great civilized powers of the world answered Villa's question in 1914. When he was feeding the civilian population out of his army supplies, and when one of his subordinate generals remonstrated, Villa said: “When the new republic is estab- ished, there will never be any more army in Mexico. Armies are the greatest support of tyranny. There can be no die- tator without an army.” A just appreciation of Villa is now possible, particu- larly in America. His motives are understood and his work is judged more justly because of the tragedy of his death. [Page Ten] October, 1923 THE CHR Is TI A N S T A T E s M A N Ebullitions in Mormondom [The following important material is supplied to us by special friends resident out in Mormondom.] In the election of 1922 President Heber J. Grant of the Mormon Church flagrantly broke his promise to abstain from political interference. By some hocus-pocus he got the co-operation of the ministerial association of Salt Lake, consisting of Protestant pastors; or the ministerial associa- tion got him. - The malactivity of the church led to a proceeding be- fore the courts, which at this writing is still in progress. Prominent non-Mormons are suing to remove from office the Mormon sheriff who was selected by the influence and elected by the power of the Mormon Church; and in the court proceedings they propose to expose the whole infamy. One of the ardent American citizens of Salt Lake is Mr. Orman W. Ewing. He is a party to the suit to oust the sheriff selected by the Mormon Church. Mr. Ewing resented the alliance between the Salt Lake ministerial body and the prophet of the polygamous cult, and he sent the following letter to his pastor: Rev. George Ewing Davies, Pastor First Presbyterian Church, Salt Lake City, Utah. Dear Mr. Davies:— We regret very much that it is necessary to inform you that we find it impossible to continue as members of your church in view of your actions and the actions of the Salt Lake Ministerial Association of which you are a member, in connection with the endorsement of Mr. Harries for sheriff of Salt Lake County . Our ancestors for centuries have supported the Presbyterian Church, and centuries ago fought the Catholic Church in foreign lands to destroy the very thing which you, together with the Ministerial Association and the Mormon Church, now attempt to do by your interference in the temporal affairs of the people of this community, something that you personally have con- demned on the part of the Mormon Church in the past. We will not enter into a discussion of the illogical, theoreti- cal, and impractical means seized upon to attempt to do what you considered the righteous thing. Neither will we enter into a discussion of the merits of Mr. Harries, whose party has numerous times refused to honor him. If he is elected, time alone will tell how absurdly foolish the acts of yourself and as- sociates were. - - However, on the part of yourself and associate Protestant ministers, you have, by your actions in tying up with the Mormon Church in politics, forever damned yourselves and closed your mouths to justice as to anything they may choose to do. Your acts in this connection are un-American, if not re- prehensible. We can not ourselves, nor can we permit our children to lose sight of true American principles by con- doning your acts or remaining a part, even a silent part, of your congregation. We assume that we are to some extent financially under obligations to the church. Will you be kind enough to have your treasurer send us an account of the same, which we wish to pay ? You may then forever scratch our names from your records. Yours very truly, - Orman W. Ewing, [Signed] Leola H. Ewing. All the remonstrances and pleadings addressed to Mr. and Mrs. Ewing have not shaken their resolution. Ap- parently they regard their Presbyterian Church as having, in part, the mission of opposing the improper aggression of the Mormon Church in the civil sphere; and they propose to uphold this mission by their personal attitude. In July a very prominent leader in finance and in- dustry throughout the intermountain country, made a speech in a private gathering, telling what he thought was the mat- ter with Salt Lake City in particular and with Utah in general. Some of his utterances leaked out and were pub- lished in the Salt Lake Tribune. The next day he received - a letter, copy of which follows together with the poem that was enclosed: Salt Lake City Utah, July 19, 1923. Honored Sir:- I have read in this day’s Tribune some things you said about the city and its lack of progress. Well my dear sir, what ails Salt Lake City is evident to all who have resided here as long as the writer has—it is cursed with the Mormon Church. - It is logical from a Mormon standpoint that Gentiles are not wanted here: first, an influx of Gentiles would mean to the Mormons a loss of political control; second, Utah must be kept inviolate to the Mormons, for it is nothing but a recruiting station for foreign converts. The church has of late increased so greatly in riches that it now successfully stifles Gentile effort in trade and we have been thrown back thirty years, so to speak, in a business way. The whole state is now under Mormon domination and the remaining Gentiles in Utah are a spineless, lick-spittle class who cringe to the Mormons as if they had no rights of their Wn. Hundreds of the influential Gentiles have quit the city, and thousands of the less representative class have gone. They saw well-planned ruin staring them in the face, so they left. I am enclosing some verses which a friend gave me. They tells the whole story better than I can. - Respectfully, - One-Who-Proposes-to-Stay-and-Fight. THE LAST GENTILE IN UTAH 'Tis Utah’s last Gentile left brooding alone All his oldtime companions have packed up and flown. No friend is here left him, no old pal is nigh To answer his questions or echo his sigh. He lives in his hovel—an outcast forlorn— The joke of the Elders, the Ward Bishop’s scorn. He doesn’t pay tithing and foolishly brags That the Star Spangled Banner is the best of all flags. By friends all forsaken, long since moved away To Denver, or Frisco or far Mandalay—, He stands at his front gate with never a smile, As the street urchins bellow “Hello Old Gentile.” º To the rubber-neck tourist, with kodak in hand, Is pointed this alien in Latter Day Land, And the “barker” announces while passing his gate, “There’s the only ( ) Gentile now left in our state.” Such things as are narrated above will give some indi- cation of the simmering of the spirit of revolt in Mor- mondom. Every time there is an utterance of American protest, hope revives that the dawn of the new day is visible over the mountain tops. But we have been so often deceived in the past that we are not yet sure. Of one thing we may be certain, President Grant of the Mormon Church has done everything which lay in his power to provoke Ameri- canism into a new revolution. To many oldtimers here it looks as if he wants to drive all the Gentiles out of Utah. October, 1983 [Page Eleven] T EI E C EIR IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N [E] Editorial [E] EIGHT HOURS A DAY Well, the steel companies, some of them, have aban- doned the twelve hour day—and, glory be, there has been no industrial earthquake to follow. Such of us as believed that the twelve hour day ought to be abandoned but could not be abandoned in some par- ticular departments of steel making until we should have more labor in the country, have been awakened from our sleep of error. That report of the president of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, a Rockefeller concern, pointed the way, and the other steel magnates found it was im- possible to resist the example or longer to deceive them- selves and the general public. The twelve hour day in steel making is drawing to its close. NOW FOR AN AIR CONFERENCE Even while sharp critics of the Harding administra- tion were in a state of seeming exultation because naval dis- armament treaties effected at the Washington Conference nearly two years ago, had not been ratified by France; came the word that the French Chamber of Deputies and the French Senate had given their complete ratification. As no reservations were made or even proposed by the French parliamentary bodies, nothing was then required except the exchange of the notes of ratification between the governments and the deposit of the formal record at Wash- ington. All along we have believed that the French, Chamber and Senate would ratify these treaties, and so general has been this view, that the United States and Great Britain and Japan—and even France herself—have all acted in accordance with the terms of the treaties; and so without the formal ratifications, their provisions have been in pro- gressive effect for considerably more than a year. We rejoice in this achievement. It is one step toward eventual disarmament. But our rejoicing is in the prospect rather than in the achievement itself. The Washington Con- ference demonstrated that the leading powers of the world can come together in concord. The respect and the confidence that they thus extend toward each other constitute stronger assurance than the breaking up of any of the battleships. And while this spirit of amity prevails, and particularly at this significant hour so closely following the ratification by France, it would seem practicable for President Coolidge to call another Conference to take into account a still more significant question than one of maritime armament—namely, the building of military air fleets by the rival powers. Despite the insistence of some of the older school of naval men, the best judgment of the modern scientist who has been compelled to give some attention to war, is that if any new world conflict shall arise it will be fought from the air by poison gases. And here is a striking opportunity for our President and his advisers. With the great influence which they naturally hold in the world and which is just now enhanced by the ratification of these treaties for naval disarmament, they are in a peculiarly advantageous position to call into conference representatives of the four great powers—the United States, Great Britain, France and Japan, to con- sider and to lay the groundwork for treaties which shall put limitation upon the building of aerial fleets for war purposes. OPEN FIGHT FOR LAW OBSERVANCE Many of the states are now meeting the consequences of the organization of secret groups, for the purpose of “en- forcing law and guarding morality” in this country. Some of these organizations, and particularly the Klan, profess the most splendid principles of religion and patriot- ism. The organizers are sincere. One cannot find any just fault with their professions or their motives. But the evil which their example has engendered has now become mani- fest beyond the possibility of denial. In several states of the Union the militia has had to be called out to suppress a lawlessness which itself claimed to be enforcing law. It was inevitable that groups of people not having the high motives of the Klan, should imitate the Klan in secret or- ganization and then should forsake the Klan principles to pursue private vengeance in the profaned name of law and morals. The best way, and probably the only way, for the religious and patriotic citizen to support law and morals is for him to see that we have righteous men and women elevated to authority in the Government, and then to sup- port these righteous men and women in the strict enforce- ment of law. The nation is suffering from a widespread calamity—a reckless disregard of statutory and moral re- quirements. But we cannot cure that evil by secret or- ganization guided by private motives. Our real remedy is for all good citizens to unite openly in a determination to rescue the country from its present deplorable condition. Law observance campaigns are being carried forward, notably by The National Reform Association. And such law observance campaigns, cordially supported by the good citizenship in any community, will do far more than can be done by any of the secret organizations whose motives may be good but whose practice too often descends into danger and provokes an evil far worse than the one which they attack. [Page Twelve] October, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N | TWO BIG MEN WELL MET Whatever may be the outcome of the mediation of the coal controversy, the American people may give to them- selves a complete self-gratulation upon the magnificent act of President Coolidge in asking Governor Pinchot to medi- ate, and the equally magnificent act of Governor Pinchot in accepting the appointment. Seemingly no issue of personal ambition was raised in the mind of either of them. Seemingly no issue of political partisanship entered into the consciousness of either one. This is the way the American people like to have things done. And these are the men that the American people like to have do things—the men who can set public welfare so far above any partisanship or personality that these latter and lesser things are lost in the underlying mists. While smaller and more selfish souls were scrambling and scrabbling all over the country to make a little political prestige for themselves, these two men—President Calvin Coolidge and Governor Gifford Pinchot—took into account only the welfare of the country. CRUELLY CORRECT LOGIC In his address at Chautauqua, New York, Professor Irving Fisher of Yale took a splendid ground of humanita- rianism. Also he was severely logical. He said in effect that we must enter the League of Nations and accomplish general disarmament; or we must compete in armament with the rest of the world. In the latter case we ought to have the strongest navy and the greatest army among the nations. Professor Fisher told his auditors that the United States had come to the parting of the ways. There could be no half-way ground in logic. And this is true. To refuse participation in international councils and at the same time withhold ourselves from self-protecting meas- ures, is to fall between two stools. General Pershing and Admiral Sims, nither one of whom wants to see another war; and both of whom oppose provocative preparation, seem to be in unison in the view that the United States must prepare herself defensively and must do it to an ex- tent which will warn off all other nations from any attack upon us by land or sea or air. The alternative which is thus presented may seem cruel and wicked, but the logic is inexorable. If we are not going to the limit for peace; then we must prepare to the limit for War. That is the tone of Professor Irving Fisher's address. As a matter of reasoning it seems to be without a flaw. The real mission of the United States in this age should be that of peacemaker among the nations. But if it will not accept that mission, then as a matter of certain logic it should prepare itself to withstand the attacks of a world which is without peace. A CONSUMMATION TO BE DEVOUTLY WISHED A measure projected by President Harding's administra- tion, guided carefully and thoughtfully by Secretary Hughes, has just reached fruition under President Coolidge. It is the recognition of the government of Mexico by the United States, which is certain to be followed by similar recognition on the part of the other great national powers of the world. President Obregon has proved a fine quality of states. manship in dealing with domestic and international prob- lems. However willing he may have been from the be. ginning to adjust all international relations in order to win this desired and necessary recognition, he was dealing with his own revolutionary people who were most difficult and Suspicious. The Mexicans at large have been jealous of the foreign concession holder in their country. Vast areas of land have been procured by Americans and other capital- ists; and the agrarian movement of which Francisco Villa was the most intense and violent and patriotic expression, has been ready for outbreak by force of arms at any moment when the Mexicans feared that their new government was intending to keep the lands away from the Mexican people in order that they might be exploited for the benefit of foreign owners and interests. Shrewdly and safely President Obregon has dealt with all these trying questions; and he has been aided most effectively by our commissioners, Paine and Warren, who were appointed by President Harding to conduct the long intricate negotiations. In a word, the great problem of President Obregon and our commissioners was to satisfy foreign governments that their nationals holding interests in Mexico, would be pro- tected; and at the same time to convince the Mexican peo- ple that their own rights would be preserved. It is likely that in the adjustment many of the lands heretofore ceded to concessionaires, will be restored to Mexican domain and distributed among the Mexican people, but with adequate compensation to foreign owners. Also the investment of foreign capital in oil wells and mines and in other com- merce, will be guarded and indemnity will be afforded for losses through insurrectionary movement and pillage. It is developing into a most wholesome situation. The United States and Mexico should be the best of friends. Our nation should so conduct its relations that Mexico will look upon the United States as a Big Brother. And Mexico should so fully appreciate the example and help which the United States can extend that our people will have con- fidence in the Mexicans. It is a noble consummation of years of careful diplo- macy carried out by the American Government and by President Obregon, patriot and statesman. In addition to the sentimental satisfaction which will attach to this harmonious settlement between these repub- lics, American commerce can take great satisfaction in the prospective increase of profitable business between the United States and Mexico. October, 1923 [Page Thirteen] T EI E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N A TIME FOR OPEN DEALING To one who believes in the right of independence for the Philippine Islands, it must be a matter of great regret that the resolution adopted concerning Cuba at the time of our engaging in the Spanish war, was not made broad enough in its terms to cover also the case of these Pacific islands. - It was during the debate on the Cuban question is 1898, and when the resolution declaring war was before the Senate, that Henry M. Teller of Colorado proposed a resolution which declared that the sole purpose of the United States was to establish order in Cuba and to rescue her from tyranny; and that upon the conclusion of a war to this end, it would be the purpose of the United States to withdraw from the island and to leave the government of Cuba to its own people. At that time there was only a remote thought that we would ever take the Philippine Islands. But the resolution of Senator Teller expressed a principle not bounded by geography. If it was right for Cuba to be set free, then it is right for the Philippine Islands to be set free. True the Philippines were not as well matured toward self-government at the close of the Spanish war as was Cuba. But time has passed and it is quite certain that the Philip- pines have now reached a capacity for self-government which is more than equal to that of the Cubans at the time of American withdrawal. A longer and indefinite occupation of the Islands by American authority is certain to lead to serious conse- quences. The resignation of many of the native officials in protest against the manifest tendency to centralize and to perpetuate our dominion, is but a small evidence of the feeling of revolt. In all common honesty, in the discharge of our duty toward God and our fellow men, the United States ought to do one of two things: We ought to tell the natives of the Philippine Islands that their country be- longs to the United States in perpetuity and that they are to be treated as citizens of this republic with an assurance of eventual statehood—and this policy should be enforced by all the military power which may be essential; or we ought to stimulate in every way the desire and the capacity for self-government, fixing a date at which our authority shall be withdrawn. Leaving the issue indefinite, we leave also an open door for misunderstanding, for aggression, and for insurrection. NO ROOM FOR THE WORST Our Secretary of Labor, James J. Davis, upon his re- turn from Europe where he made extensive investigations, has come out with a strong pronouncement in behalf of a selective immigration law. - That is the final note which we have been waiting to hear. Only by such measure shall we be able to protect our Americanism—the political institutions of our country, the industrial progress of our people, and above all the religious character of this nation. Nearly all the other countries, even without use or need of such law, have statutes or regulations under which they can discriminate with regard to immigrants. They stand upon the broad principle that no nation can be under any rightful demand to admit the unfit of other countries. That is a principle which is self-proving. It needs only to be stated. There is room in the United States now—as there has been always—for resolute, competent, law-abiding and moral immigrants. For many years to come we could absorb a million or more every year of this type. But there is no longer any room; and there never was any room if we had practiced the primary doctrine of self preservation, for the dissolute, the incompetent, for the anarchist and the ignor- ant revolutionary. There is much work in America which needs human hands. Our great prosperity and progress have been the result of labors performed in part by the native born and in part and significantly by immigrants who rushed here to find vocation and who in building up themselves have helped to build our great industries. But no impatience on our part to have such prosperity continued or renewed, can justify the admission of any one who would be excluded by a proper selective immigration law. We would better move more slowly in the development of our resources and the upbuilding of our industries than to move with unsafe speed. - Sometimes we wonder that the captains of industries are willing to urge the letting down of restrictions in order that they may find labor for their mills. Did they not get their notice when they saw how dangerous was the un- Americanized element during war time? Do they not get a warning every time they listen to anarchistic sentiment uttered by a man of foreign birth who is here only to over- throw and not to upbuild? Šurely they should have been made wiser by recent experiences. For our part we want to see the gates of America swinging inward for all time to come so that the worthy of other lands may come here to find greater worth in this the best of all lands. This republic was not founded alone for the fathers who builded its foundations, but for all humanity. But in order to fulfill its mission it must not admit those who would destroy it—either through their ignorance or through a calculated vicious purpose. Now that Secretary Davis has completed his thorough investigation and has spoken unequivocally in behalf of a selective immigration law, we are sure that this Administra. tion at Washington will throw its power to that side of this great question. - We have ample room for the best of all the world, and no room for the worst. [Page Fourteen] October, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N BEWARE OF CONFISCATION An assumedly authorized spokesman for the Farmers’ National Council says that the farmers of the United States are in favor of the Norris-Sinclair measure to create a Government marketing corporation which shall buy the agri- cultural products of this country at fixed and profitable figures, and then market the same as the demands of the world may permit. The pronouncement seems to brush aside all the diffi- culties of such a proposal without any consideration—the purpose being to swiftly and easily guarantee to the farmer an adequate return for his investment and his labor. It is a wretched fact that the farmer of the United States has been immolated during these last two or three years. He has had to pay high prices and receive low prices. But we are quite sure that the proposed remedy is so dangerous for the farmer himself that he ought to shun it as he would the plague. If such a measure should be adopted by the Govern- ment of the United States, as happily and probably it will not be, it would lead by swift steps to a practical confisca- tion of, or the abolition of, private ownership in farm lands. It is utterly impossible to conceive of a Government pur- chase of all the farmer's product without also conceiving of a Government regulation of the farmer's use of his land and the expenditure of his toil thereon. He would be: come almost immediately a tenant farmer—no less a tenant farmer because his landlord would be the Government. Trying as is the present situation, one can reasonably expect an early change for the better. But the paternalism of Government purchase of agricultural product once estab- lished, the farmer's fate would be one of constant decline into a degradation never heretofore known in America. The farmer of the United States who joins in any such movement is being misled, and dangerously misled, by ignorant or greedy advisers. Behind the smiling mask of paternalistic guarantee is the frowning face of paternalistic confiscation. AS SURE AS DEATH AND TAXES Upon his return from Europe, Secretary Andrew Mel- lon expresses the view that this is no time to press for 8. funding of the debts due from other countries to the United States. Secretary Mellon is rarely qualified to make a study of this question; he has given the necessary attention by his observations in Europe; and his word may be accepted as the final word upon the subject. This means that we must wait the movement of time before we can expect any considerable repayment of the bil- lions which were loaned by the United States to its Allies during the war. In the meantime there can be little hope of a large relief in the taxations to which our citizens are subjected. We must endure with such patience as the situation may require. Perhaps a contrast will not help us to pay, but at least it may encourage us to endure. The English peo- ple are taxed $83 per capita for national purposes; and the French people are taxed $88 per capita. We of the United States are under a burden of only $28 per capita. If we choose to find fault with our own burdens, we ought to give nearly fourfold sympathy to the citizens of these other countries. The situation seems to have settled into an evil circle. France and England cannot pay us until Germany pays them. Germany cannot pay them until her finances are restored. She claims that she cannot restore her financial situation until the indemnity matter is settled more to her liking. And all the while this evil circle continues there is a fluctuating danger of another conflict involving all the nations of Europe in a war which will indefinitely, if not forever, postpone any repayment to the United States. We might as well look the matter straight in the face. The nations of Europe cannot make any immediate nor any very early settlement of their indebtedness to us. We shall have to carry that load upon our own resources for years to COme. THE STRONG PLANK FOR PARTY PLATFORMS One of the chief authorities in the business world— certainly a man who has the highest repute as a statistician —is Roger W. Babson. Heretofore we have had occasion to refer to his utterances as being closely akin to the principles of The National Reform Association. Again he comes to the fore with a special letter to his clients in which he says that the great need of the hour is “more sane religion” and that the spiritual factor is the greatest factor in the growth of communities and nations. All through the business world the great leaders are beginning to realize that mere intellectual competency and material power are not enough, unless they shall be animated and directed by religious purpose, and that they cannot ful- fill their highest possibility except they enter into the domain of the spiritual vision. - If this be true of business, how certainly it is true of our political movement ' The great parties are led by men who study day and night for new and captivating issues to present to voters. They even seize upon some triviality and magnify it into the appearance of a cause, branded with a slogan; and some of our campaigns have been waged and victories have been won by meaningless battle cries. We are looking for the day when some great political leader will arise who will dare to say to the politicians what Roger Babson says to the business man. The politicians, many of them, are just as good as the average business man and are just as easily influenced to righteousness. If the men who have the leadership of parties would proclaim that religion in the national life is the thing for which the party and the voter should strive, they might find a following the quality and quantity of which would surprise them. October, 1923 ſpee Fifteen, T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N - - -- - Christian Fundamentals The Enthronement of Jesus Christ Jesus Christ whereby he accomplished the redemp- tion of the world, it is now in order to consider the culmination of that work, in His enthronement as the Ruler of the universe. Certain preliminaries to His enthronement must first be briefly considered. His death on the cross was a neces- sary prerequisite to His being vested with universal au- thority. He, Himself, declared that He ought to suffer death and then to enter into His glory. (Luke 24:26). Paul declares that He was given universal dominion be- cause He became obedient even unto death. (Phil. 2:5;11). His resurrection from the dead was also a prime neces- sity. No enthronement could possibly have taken place unless the Son of God were present also as the Son of man. Few historical events are so well authenticated as the resurrection of our Lord. It is an essential part of the Christian system. It was one of the most prominent of the themes presented by the Apostles. Without it their preaching would have been powerless to convince, convict, and convert. It is the crowning argument in proof of our Lord’s divinity and Messiahship. He must conquer death for Himself before He could deliver His followers and guarantee their salvation. “But now is Christ risen from the dead and become the first fruits of them that slept.” Of this fact we have the proof furnished by the Apostles, by more than five hundred other disciples, by His appear- ance a number of times to disciples after His ascension, and by the fact that He is actually administering the govern- ment of the world. As a necessary preliminary to His enthronement He must ascend to Heaven. The desire for His continuance here in the flesh grows out of a misconception of our needs, and often leads to erroneous views of the divine plan. He Himself declared that He had finished the work for which He came into the world. (John 17:4, 19:30). To carry on the work of saving the world it was now necessary for Him to ascend and receive the crown of universal dominion. While His ascension and enthronement are not the same, they are closely connected. The enthronement took place immediately upon His arrival in heaven. In Christ’s enthronement three facts are involved, namely, the fact of investiture with Kingly authority; the fact that this investiture has already taken place; the fact that His dominion is universal. These three facts are speci- fically mentioned here because they have all been denied by men who claim to be His followers. We are dependent wholly upon Scripture for our proof, and the proof is abundant and clear. It will not be necessary to furnish separate proof for each of these facts because it frequently happens that a Bible argument for one is also an argument for two, or even for all three. The terms employed to de- H AVING presented the obedience and suffering of note Christ's present exalted state, prove His enthronement; the tense of the verbs employed, proves that it has already taken place; the terms used to describe His dominion, prove its universality. In setting forth the proof, a good beginning may be made by quoting certain texts which establish all three of these facts. In his letter to the Ephesians, Paul expresses a desire that Christians may know the exceeding greatness of God’s power “which He wrought in Christ when he raised Him from the dead, and set Him at His own right hand in the heavenly places, far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age, but also in that which is to come; and hath put all things under II is feet. (Eph. 1: 19:22). The translation of Weymouth is quite clear and forceful, and will now be given so that possibly it may remove any obscurity that might characterize the one already given. Paul desires us to know “the working of His infinite might when he displayed it in Christ by raising Him from the dead and seating Him at His own right hand in the heaven- ly realms, high above all other government and authority and power and dominion, and every title of sovereignty used either in this age or in the age to come. God has put all things under His feet.” No words of explanation are needed to show that Christ is here declared to occupy the place of authority on the throne of universal dominion. In writing to the Philippians he teaches the same truths. He declares that on account of Christ's humiliation and death, “God also hath highly eacalted Him, and given IIim the name which is above every name, that in the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of beings in heaven, and beings on earth, and beings under the earth; and that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.” (Phil. 1: 9:11). All that is necessary to grasp the significance of this text is to note the terms which set forth Christ’s exaltation to the throne, the tense of the verbs which show that He is already en- throned, and the universality of the terms descriptive of His dominion. - In one of his epistles Peter says of Christ that He “is gone into heaven, and is on the right hand of God, angels and authorities and powers being made subject unto Him. (I Peter 3:22). Here again we have the three facts presented on which we now wish to fasten attention. It is sometimes contended that because men and nations do not submit to His authority, He has not yet been en- throned. But Paul meets that contention when, in writing to the Corinthians, he declares that God has already put all things under Christ’s feet and that to this universal grant of authority there is just one exception, namely, God who did put all things under Him. He concedes however that while all things are by the sovereign act of God placed {Page Siacteen] October, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N ! º º tunder the sceptre of Jesus, there are enemies not yet subdued under Him. (I Cor. 15:25;28). The next class of texts to be considered, consists of those which plainly declare that Jesus Christ is Ruler of the nations of the world. Let us first turn to the Old Testament that we may become acquainted with the purpose and plan of God as unfolded by the prophets. Both Isaiah and Micah declared that He was to judge among the nations and rebuke many people, and that His reign would bring peace. (Isa. 2:2;4. Micah 4:1;5). Zechariah declares that “His dominion shall be from sea to sea, and from the River to the ends of the earth.” (Chap. 9:10). This same lang- uage is used in Psalm 72, followed by the declaration that “All kings shall fall down before Him; all nations shall serve Him.” In one of his wonderful visions Daniel saw One like the Son of man coming on the clouds of heaven to whom was given “dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, mations, and languages should serve Him; His dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall mot pass away, and His Kingdom that which shall not be destroyed.” (Daniel 7:13;14). These prophetic utterances declare what God had pur- posed with respect to His Son. It is now in order to turn to the New Testament to learn how this purpose was car- ried out. In the account of our Lord's third temptation, as recorded by Matthew ; and of the second, as given by Luke, the devil showed to Jesus from a mountain top all the kingdoms of the world and the glory of them. The tempter claimed that this world-wide dominion belonged to him, and that he could dispose of it as he saw fit. His proposition to Jesus Christ is that he will give it all to Him on the one condition that he, the devil, shall be honored as our Lord’s superior. It should be observed that Christ does not dispute Satan’s claim. It should also be noted that there would have been no force in the temptation if Jesus had not come to obtain this very kingdom. Satan knew this but he did not know how it would be done. His proposal, in any case, would appear attractive to one who lacked spiritual vision, because it seemed to present a plan that could be easily and speedily carried into effect. Of course the devil is not omniscient, and he did not know how easily Jesus could meet such a temptation, but he did know how firmly his grip upon the nations would be secured if he could bring Jesus Christ under his authority, as he has brought so many civil rulers both before and since the time of our Lord. Turn now to Christ’s words concerning His investiture with dominion over the nations. He is about to commission His disciples to go into all nations with the Gospel message. He makes this proclamation preliminary to giving them their commission: “All authority hath been given unto Me in heaven and on earth.” Because of His authority over the nations He has the right to send His ambassadors into all nations to demand their submission. Because of His au- thority in heaven. He can command all heavenly forces to accomplish His sublime purpose. Christ declared during the days of His flesh, that He did not come to judge the world but to save the world. (John 3:17, 12:47). The Greek word here rendered “world” is Kosmos, which means “orderly arrangement.” This Kosmos is the human race with its divine institutions, the family and the State. Christ came to reclaim them and to restore them to their proper place in His kingdom. While the argument furnished by these texts is clear and should be convincing it can be fortified by texts that are even more definite. John declares that Jesus Christ is “the Ruler of the kings of the earth.” (Rev. 1:5), “King of kings and Lord of lords.” (Rev. 19:16). While there are many things in the Book of Revelation hard to be under- stood, there are others which are as clear as a sunbeam, and these declarations belong to the latter class. The gen- eral purpose of this Book is also easily understood. It pre- sents in a series of pictures the age-long conflict for world dominion. The issue is well defined and is simply this: Who shall be the ruler of the nations of the world, Christ, or Satan? At a certain stage of the conflict voices in heaven declare, “the kingdoms of this world are become the King- dom of our Lord and of His Christ, and He shall reign for- ever and ever.” (Rev. 11:15). While the proof that Christ is the Administrator of the government of the world, as presented above, seems ample, clear, and conclusive, there are minds that seem determined to stand out against this truth. Their objections however are sometimes rendered plausible by the bringing forward of what has the appearance of Biblical proof. Some at- tention must therefore be given to these objections and to the alleged proof on which they rest. The first objection to be considered is that which ad- mits that Jesus is the rightful Ruler of the universe, and that both men and nations belong to His universal dominion; but which maintains that His enthronement has been in- definitely postponed because He was rejected at the time of His first advent. Two Biblical statements form the princi- pal basis for this objection. The first is the promise that He should occupy the throne of David, (Isa. 9:7, Luke 1:32); the second is His own -statement that He now oc- cupies the throne of His Father. (Rev. 3:21). The infer- ence drawn from these two statements is that He is now in a sort of intermediate state waiting for a suitable time to come to this world and take His seat in a very literal sense on the throne of David. This theory is based on a very superficial and erroneous interpretation of Scripture. The throne of David was typical of the Mediatorial throne of Jesus Christ, just as Old Testament prophets typified Christ as Prophet, and Old Testament high priests typified Christ as Priest. The type is always inferior to its antitype. Christ’s throne must therefore be as far above the literal throne of David as the Heavens are higher than the earth. In his sermon on the day of Pentecost, Peter made all this very plain by maintaining that the promise of a throne was fulfilled in Christ's exaltation to the right hand of God. (Acts 2:24;36). When Christ declares that He now occupies the throne October, 1923 [Page. Seventeen] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N of the Father, He is claiming enthronement over the uni- verse. The difference between the Father's throne and the throne of Jesus Christ is this: the throne of the Father is the throne of Absolute Divinity; the throne of Jesus Christ is the Mediatorial throne. The dominions however are the same, for they are both universal. And it is a blessed thing for our world that the Father has exalted the Son to His own throne to rule, not as absolute God without mediatorial intervention, but as the God-man who has se- cured for us redemption and reconciliation with God. The second objection denies that Jesus Christ is, or ever will be, the Ruler of the nations of the world. There is a measure of indefiniteness as to the extent of Christ's Kingdom, in the minds of those who present this objection; but they are agreed on the denial that it includes the nations. The principal text employed to sustain this ob- jection is John 18:36, where Jesus, in reply to a question by Pilate, said, “My kingdom" is not of this world.” The interpretation given is that Christ's kingdom does not include this world. The erroneous character of this view is seen in the fact that the Greek preposition rendered “of” is “ek,” meaning “from,” denoting source or origin. What Christ said was that He did not receive His kingdom from men, for if such were the case the men who made Him king would fight to uphold His authority. He did not deny but really affirmed what we here contend for. It is a plain Biblical fact that Christ has always been King. But there was a formal coronation after His death and ascension. He entered upon His Mediatorial functions immediately upon the Fall, in anticipation of His life of obedience and sacrificial death. And when His work of re- demption was finished His formal enthronement naturally followed. Submission to the authority of Jesus Christ as the reigning King, is an obligation resting upon men and nations. The Second Psalm informs us that the nations are in rebellion against Christ, as is indicated by their refusal to be bound by His law. This same Psalm, together with many other Scriptures, declares that national ruin is sure to result if they continue in their rebellious course. The whole pathway of history is strewn with the wrecks of sinful nations. Yet, the nations of today have not taken warning nor repented of their sins. The National Reform Association is a voice crying in the wilderness, “Repent, for the Kingdom of God is at hand.” R. C. W. DOUBT AND FAITH IN REVERSE Last year the diocese of Virginia, Episcopal Church, appointed a committee to prepare a report with recom- mendations stating the attitude of the diocese on War and preparation for war. * Recently the committee reported a series of resolutions solemnly proclaiming as a conviction, that war of physical violence is utterly repugnant to the letter and spirit of the teaching of Jesus Christ; and saying, along with many other good things, “The law of Christ is as applicable to national and international as it is to personal and individual re- lations.” By a very considerable majority the report and its recommendations were laid upon the table! If the public print which we have seen gives a fair presentation of this case, the action of the diocese of Virginia is a most extra- ordinary expression of doubt concerning the efficacy of Christ’s own teachings to the world. One might be seriously discomforted in the contempla- tion of such action by any body of professing Christians if it were not that consolation lies near at hand. Almost at the self-same time another action was being taken by an industrial concern in the United States, which shows that Christianity in practice is a growing force. The president of the Nash Tailoring Company made his report for five years from 1917 and including 1922. This is the company which started to operate on the Golden Rule in- stead of the rule of gold. Mr. Nash, in telling his stock- holders and workers of the progress of the company, showed that the business had grown from $132,000 in 1918 to nearly $4,000,000 in 1922. He reported that the minimum wage for regular women workers was fifty cents an hour. He reported that he had refused all demands from other concerns in similar lines of trade to increase the price of product. He submitted the whole issue—of high wages and low prices for finished product—to his body of stockholders: and they voted unanimously to support him and to continue the Golden Rule in industry. If you look around closely enough, you will find enough robust assertion of the value of Christian principles to more than offset any trembling on the part of any churchmen anywhere. A Proposed Ascription The following ascription is supplied to us by the kind- ness of Rev. J. M. Wylie, now of Oakdale, Illinois, but re- cently of Kansas City, Missouri. It is proposed as a closing consecration of the constitution of the State of Missouri; and is adapted from an ascription proposed by Canon Chase for the close of the Constitution of the United States: Now unto the King, Eternal, Immortal, Invisible, The Almighty God, the Author of all our blessings, authority and law; and to Jesus Christ, the Ruler of Nations, whose gracious Providence has led our nation into this promised land of civil and religious freedom, and given us our fair Commonwealth with its resources, its freedom and peace, we ascribe all glory, honor and power. Trusting in Him we will continue to incorporate His teachings, ideals and spirit into the life and laws of our State. [Page Eighteen] October, 1933 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N America and the World Court By HoN. CLYDE KELLY [Condensed abstract of address delivered by Mr. Kelly before the Consultation Conference of Christian citizens at Winona Lake, Ind.,July 1, 1923.] One distinctively American idea shines undimmed by opposition. Great leaders before 1776 opposed complete separation from the mother country and decried inde- pendence. Presidents of the United States declared that there was no power to coerce seceding states and that the Union was subject to the desires of sovereign common- wealths. Outstanding officials declared in 1917 that we were Washington laid it down as a fundamental when he de- clared “Peace with all the world is our true policy.” Jefferson accented it when he said, “I abhor war and view it as the greatest scourge of mankind.” Madison wrote, “A government's noblest ambition is to promote peace on earth and good will to men.” Andrew Jackson declared, “Peace and friendly intercourse with all nations are as much the desire of our Govern- not justified in going to war with Prussia. But there has been no responsible voice raised to de- clare that America should be- come a conqueror of other na- tions and make the god of war her idol. American ambitions have never worn the curse of Cain. On the contrary the en- tire spirit of our nation has been peace and harmony with nations. Whether it springs from the zeal of the Pilgrim Fathers, the brotherhood of William Penn and his Quakers, or was rooted in the soil, America has been the one coun- try of the world to refuse to worship grim-visaged war. Never in our history has America started a war. She has always had war thrust upon her. That is one reason that while other nations began the war America always finish- ed it. Party strife and political differences have divided Amer- icans since the foundation of the nation. One party program has been cast down and the op- posite policy set up many times by the American electorate. But one policy has never been revoked. America has always stood for substituting conference and justice and law, for force in world affairs. Old Samuel Adams, “Father of the American Revolution,” expressed it when he sent his appeal to the Continental Congress, urging America to agree with all nations with which she had treaties of commerce, to settle all differences through mutual conference. To that high emprise every party has given devoted official support. In its behalf every President of the United States has raised his voice and it is the only policy thus uniformly advocated. 2 ment as they are the interest of our people.” John Tyler was emphatic in saying “A war under any circumstance is greatly to be deplored and the United States is the last nation to desire it.” Abraham Lincoln in the matchless Second Inaugural in the midst of the Civil War said, “Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away: let us strive to do all that may achieve and cherish a lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.” Grant urged arbitration and called the nation to wit- ness its success in the Alabama claims. Harrison declared that ‘‘the offices of an intelligent diplomacy, or of friendly arbi- tration in proper cases, should be adequate to the peaceful adjustment of all international difficulties.” William McKinley said, HoN. CLYDE KELLY, United States Congressman from Thirty-third Pennsylvania District. free people should be self-respecting peace.” “Peace is the national desire and the goal of every American aspiration. The best sentiment of the world is moving toward the settlement of differences between nations without resorting to the horrors of war. Let us ever remember that our interest is in concord not conflict, and that our real eminence rests in the victories of peace not those of war.” Theodore Roosevelt in his first annual message laid down the American doctrine which he followed throughout his life. “The true end of America and of every great and President Taft never wavered in his efforts to secure world agreement. He was made president of the League to Enforce Peace when it was organized. October, 1923 [Page Nineteen] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N President Harding worthily represented the traditional ideals of America in his request to the Senate to ratify our adherence to the World Court. Nor do I wish to forget among all the Presidents of the past, Woodrow Wilson. He was the valiant Voice of this nation during the World War. He failed to translate his words into action because he did not understand that without teamwork nothing can be accomplished. But he followed his faith to the uttermost. His League of Nations as he brought it from Paris can never be accepted by the United States. Still there is something heroic in that staunch, unyielding figure fighting for his belief in the face of defeat and disaster. Of him it might be said:— Praise to the warriors who succeed and praise to the valiant dead, The world will hold them close to its heart wreathing each honored head; But there in the anks time-worn, soul-sick he battles against the odds, Hope gone but true to his colors torn, the plaything of the Gods. Uncover when he goes by at last, held to his task by will; His fight is lost and he knows it is lost and yet he is fighting still. He dreamed of world peace and though it come through other methods his dream is coming true. President Harding took his honored place in America’s list of great leaders toward peace, by urging that this republic join the other nations in the World Court of International Justice. Why did this one cause so impress them with its im- portance? Simply because they knew, in that highest ex- ecutive place, that America is one of the neighborhood of nations and that America’s interests are interwoven and interlocked with the interests of every other nation. They knew that no nation can be assured of peace unless all nations are assured of peace. They knew well that war makes democracy a mockery. War means despotic control and the sacrifice of American rights for the success of mili- tary power. The problem of war or peace is the problem of the re- lationship between nations. If America had no relations with other nations there would be no question of war. Today, like warp and woof all destinies are woven fast. No man liveth to himself and neither does any nation. A scourge of grasshoppers in Kansas affects the price of bread in Paris. The boll weevil in a Mississippi plantation causes hardship and suffering in China. Europe is unable to buy food and the American farmer faces ruin. A Kaiser stands in shining armor beside his ally, and every housewife in America pays a higher price for every necessity of life. If at one time Germany could have blocked England effec- tively for two weeks, she would have starved England Out of the fight. These international relations are not theories but facts. It is almost unbelievable that there are men in high place today who seriously proclaim American isolation. It is an impossible absurdity. The devil of division has never been color bearer for America. The insolationists talk of our traditional aloofness and picture Uncle Sam as a Robin- son Crusoe with pointed hat and saw tooth cutlass over his shoulder and with not even a Friday to mar his hermit life. Such a picture is as unreal as the futurist's master- piece. There never was a time when the United States did have vital relations with the other nations of the world. The upholders of aloofness boast of their sound American- ism. It is sound—all sound and nothing else. Have the irreconcilable isolationists never read a page of American history? Are they all Rip Van Winkles just back from Sleepy Hollow, with no knowledge of what has happened in the world? Do they not know that in their very Declaration of Independence our fathers testified that they owed a decent respect to the opinions of mankind? America has never been isolated, not even in the days when the journey from Europe to America required months. How much less now when London is nearer New York than Boston was in Jackson's time; when the great liners are crossing the ocean in six days, while the undersea cables flash the day’s news around the whole world. These men who declaim against the policy of neighborhood turn their backs upon all American history. They are anti-American and are opposing American ideals and American interests. With a world thirsting for peace these irreconcilables are wells without water from which pilgrims go away as those who have been mocked. A man can as easily withdraw into his own house and refuse all contact with outside activities as a nation can limit itself to its own activities. Now admitting that we are not a Robinson Crusoe nation and that we must have relations with other nations, it fol- lows that we must choose one of two ways of regulating such relationships. º One is by force, the jungle law of tooth and talon. Dif- ferences can be settled for a time at least by the defeat and downfall of one of the parties. The world has given this method a full trial. We tried it out from 1914 to 1918. An- other trial like that with the scientific super-savage methods of killing and destruction and our whole world civilization goes down into the pit. Still men in the War Department are now preparing plans for the next war. They are studying whether it is best to bury or burn the bodies of soldiers killed in battle. They are working to perfect draft regulations so that new armies may be rapidly pushed in to take the place of those destroyed in the conflict. There will be need for soldiers to face the new tanks and bombs and long distance guns. The new poison gases will make a country the battle ground, for they can be sent in shells by long range guns and they are powerful enough to destroy a city in a night. If Amer- icans want to prevent those plans being executed it is high time that they realize that the greatest issue before Amrica and the world is to find some other method than war for settling disputes. The only alternative to regulation by force, is regula- tion by general rules, with an international tribunal to ap- ply these general rules to particular cases. Every nation in the world has some form of court as a method of government so that general rules may be ap- [Page Twenty] October, 1923 T H E CHR IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N plied to individual cases. The nation that had no such tribunals would simply declare that the relations between its citizens or subjects must be settled by force where the stronger would win. I believe it is true also that any nation that refuses now to support an International Court where disputes may be ad- judged on the basis of just rules, simply advertises to the world that it stakes its reliance on the jungle law of wild beasts rather than on the ordered procedure of civilized Iſlen. You hear from some quarters a cry of horror and amazement as though this proposal were an unheard-of step, a complete right about face for America. It is only a step forward on the well marked road which America entered resolutely long ago. That road leads to international law and order, and the beacon lights along the way are justice and square dealing among men and nations. We have always stood for the regulation of the relations of nations in accordance with right and just laws. Arbitra- tion was a theory until America made it a fact. More in- ternational disputes have been peacefully settled since our flag was born than in all the world’s history before that time. America is the father of the World Court of Justice. It is unthinkable that we shall now disown the ideal which has stamped in its very fiber “Made in America.” It is as much an American invention as the telegraph and airplane. . The United States was a party to 57 arbitrations before 1899 and this successful experience paved the way for the first Hague Conference in 1899. The American draft was used in part as the basis of the Hague Permanent Court of Arbitration created at that conference. It was also America that submitted the first case to the new tribunal—the Pious Fund case between the United States and Mexico. It was duly decided, and proved that the court was practical. Under President Roosevelt, 25 arbitration treaties were contracted providing for submission of disputes to the Hague Tribunal. In 1904 President Roosevelt in a message to Congress frankly declared for the policy of co-ordinating international justice and international force. In 1906 he was given the Nobel Peace Prize, and in 1910 in his address at Christiania, Norway, he outlined a definite plan for a league of peace emphasizing court procedure. In 1907 Secretary of State Root issued instructions to the American delegates to the second Hague Conference which gave positive directions to help bring about exactly the kind of court contemplated in this new court under the League of Nations. He said, “It should be your effort to bring about in the Second Conference a development of the Hague Tribunal into a permanent tribunal composed of judges who are judicial officers and nothing else, who are paid adequate salaries, who have no other occupation and who will devote their entire time to the trial and discussion of international º causes by judicial methods and under a sense of judicial responsibility.” The American delegates succeeded in having the princi- ple adopted and forty-four nations signified their acceptance, but the impossibility of deciding upon a method of electing the judges prevented its being made a practical reality. Thus it was that sixteen years ago America fathered the ideal of a permanent court of justice. The stumbling block in the election of judges has been removed under the new plan. The Permanent Court of International Justice is not a dream; it is a reality. On January 30, 1922, the eleven judges met at the Hague and that meeting was the culmina- tion of more than a generation of American effort. It was formed under Article 14 of the Covenant of the League of Nations which directed the Council to formulate plans for a Court to be competent to hear and determine any dispute of international character which might be submitted to it by the parties concerned and to give an advisory opinion upon any dispute or question referred to it by the Council or Assembly of the League of Nations. Under the Article a committee of jurists including Elihu Root of the United States, drew up the plan for the World Court. It was Mr. Root who proposed the plan for the election of judges, even in number, without regard to nationality. The council and assembly, acting independently, elect the judges from nominees submitted by national groups. At the first election the judges were named—among them John Bassett Moore, the foremost authority in the United States on international law. - The Court of Permanent Arbitration created by the Hague Conference is still in existence and is a vitally differ. ent tribunal from the new court. The Court of Arbitration is a panel of judges and they never sit as a body. When disputes arise the nations involved choose two of the judges and they or a neutral country choose the third. Then there are compromises and splitting of differences until both nations are ready to ac- cept the settlement . We have had a recent experience with this plan and it cost us $9,000,000. Norway had a claim against us for ships seized during the war. America and Norway each named a judge and the President of Switzerland named the third. This Swiss judge took the position that rich America should pay the limit and he voted with the Norwegian on every point. The ships were taken on August 3, 1917 and were valued at $3,000,000. However the two judges decided that the amount should be fixed for October 6th after the prices had been skyrocketed by a Norwegian merchant prince who has since gone bankrupt. Instead of $3,000,000 the award was $12,000,000 and Uncle Sam paid the bill, though under protest. Such a system is surely not the best which can be devised. The new court is a permanent body always ready to deal with questions. These picked individuals will have oppor- October, 1923 [Page Twenty-one] THE CHRISTIAN STATES MAN tunity to grow in judicial experience and ability. They will help build up a continuous and harmonious system of in- ternational law. They will be organized for impartial investigation of the dispute and for decision on its merits. This new Court will administer international law and the terms of treaties between nations. It will be open only to States and other self-governing political units. It cannot take compulsory jurisdiction but disputes must be submitted by the States involved or by treaty agreements. Here is no new scheme of international relationship. It is simply the plan so long advocated by the United States. It does not involve membership in the League of Nations, for it is an independent tribunal whose decisions are not controlled or subject to review by the League of Nations. The United States will have its full share in the election of the judges, even though it is not a member of the League. Those of us who favor American adherence to the Inter- national Court do not contend that it means the immediate ushering in of the reign of universal peace and good will among men. Machinery does not accomplish results of itself and war will never be ended by machinery alone. But the very creation of the machinery is proof that there is recog- nition of its need. We may be sure that war cannot be out- lawed until there is established the machinery for the peace- ful settlement of disputes. When there is joined to the machinery the driving power of a world-wide demand for peace, we may be con- fident that justice will take the place of war. Do you believe that if there were no courts in America there would be complete regard for law and order? Then why not do our part in replacing international anarchy with international order? It has been been done in adjustment of the relations of the United States and Canada. It can be done in the adjustment of the relations of all the nations of the World. What we need now is a determined faith in the possi- bility of nations working together for the peaceful solution of their difficulties. We must sow seeds of peace if we expect a harvest of peace. We must stand for amity not enmity, for concord not for cannon. Those who greet the plan with cynicism and contempt and declare it is an impossible dream contrary to human nature, are helping to create the atmos- phere necessary to destroy the usefulness of the court. They defend an order of international suspicion, antagonism and hostility. They sow the soil with dragons’ teeth and the sure harvest is war. They shoot at other nations but they wound America in this age when nations rub shoulders to- gether as if in the same street. - For my part, I propose to put my influence on the side of peace. I will not follow the colors of the devil of division. I will favor the step which may be taken today instead of demanding the distant goal at once, for the remedy of to- morrow is too late for the evil of today while the remedy of today may cure the evil of tomorrow. We have dreamed and dawdled long enough about world peace while war gathered for a tiger spring. Thoreau said, “If you have built castles in the air, your work need not be lost. That is where they should be; now put foundations under them.” Justice between nations is practical. The Golden Rule is always expedient. America has always pro- fessed her devotion to world peace and harmony. Now is the time to prove that what we dare to dream of, we dare to do. - Let us join the World Court of Justice and work to make it stronger and better. It will help solve the mightiest issue which confronts the sons of men, the overthrow of war. Justice is the foundation of peace; for in seeking justice, nations will always go to war if there be no other way. And the only other way is through an organized tribunal applying principles of justice. The World Court of Justice may be made into an agency to prevent wrongs which are certain to produce wars. It is machinery to be used in the promotion of peace by eliminating the cause of conflict. It is a framework for the spirit of international justice and international understand- ing. It is the dawn which may usher in the triumph of friendliness rather than fear, eternal right rather than tem- porary might. Surely we have a right to this freedom of our hopes after the sacrifice of the World War when reason and under- standing lay mangled under the iron heel. We shall bear its scars for a hundred years; we must secure our pay in peace. I am not one of those who believe that the soldiers who made up America’s armies during the great war were crazed by hate for an enemy and sought only his destruction. I talked to the lads in khaki when they left their homes, in training camps and in the lines in France. I believe they held in their hearts the hope that they were in a war against war as well as against Prussia. One of them tells of a conversation with a “buddy” just before the zero hour in the Chateau Thierry drive, ‘‘We have a big job to do,” said this American doughboy, “but we are going to finish it and finish it forever. If I can help finish it I won’t mind one of those wooden crosses for a monument like the other fellows have.” It was no sordid aim that took such lads over the top into machine gun nests. Let those who will, say that talk of ideals in the hearts of American fighters is “all bunk.” I for one, maintain that because those soldier boys believed it was not “bunk” but reality, they outfought the greatest professional army the world has ever seen. They fought for the future peace of the world, and those who scorn every honest effort to secure permanent peace today are worse than those who stabbed our soldiers in the back during the war. And if America should finally determine that the issues of the Great War were “bunk,” and should refuse to help prevent such a war in the future, it will be the sorriest har- vest ever reaped from the graves of soldiers who fought under the Stars and Stripes of America. America was not misrepresented in Flanders by her soldiers; she must not be misrepresented in Congress by her civil servants. [Page Twenty-two.] October, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N At Maragne Chateau on the frontier of France, Kaiser Wilhelm had his headquarters during the great battle of Verdun. From it he watched the entire German army assail that valiant citadel whose downfall meant a Prussian victory. I visited the old chateau and saw there a message gun, whose existence was known to the Allies only after the Armistice. Shells were contrived to contain messages and through the amount of powder used could be dropped where desired. By a clever device a fuse was ignited by the ex- plosion when the shell struck the ground. This fuse set off a roman candle which gave notice that a message had arrived. On the morning of November 11th, 1918, along the German front those message shells dropped in large num- bers. They contained no orders for one division to charge and another to withdraw as in the past. Each one had the same message: “Armistice. Stop Fighting.” I think the Great War was itself a great gun firing a shell containing, a message for the world “Stop Fighting.” And in the light which still reddens the world, there waves and beckons the starry banner of America, which for 147 years has carried that same message to a war weary world, bidding us all serve the cause of World Peace as Christians looking to the coming of the Kingdom. THE PROPHET HAS A COMPETITOR BY LULU LovELAND SHEPARD Quite a little excitement prevailed in Utah this sum- mer over a prophecy that threatened Saltair, Salt Lake's most popular amusement place. It seems that an old woman, a member of the Mormon Church, who often talks in tongues and whose prophecies have often come true (so the faithful say), in one of her recent tongue talking periods prophesied that a most direful calamity would come to Saltair during this year, and that crepe would hang from every third door in Salt Lake City. This prophecy was talked from door to door, until not only Mormons but many superstitious Gentiles as well, refrained from a visit to the attractive summer resort, and the Saltair man- agement suffered from a great financial deficiency. I was out at the resort on July 25th and there were not over fifty people there, and none of the concessions were open owing to the small crowd present. Finally Salt Lake's daily papers carried a four column advertisement with this headline, “Saltair is Safe. Malicious Rumors Unfounled.” The advertisement claimed that every effort has been made to find the elusive old woman; but her identity can not be discovered and the ad- vertisement continued further: ‘‘We haven’t said anything about the strange, very strange, rumors that have been cir- culated about Utah's greatest resort, so long as we be- lieved it was a little home town gossip. But now it has gone farther—much farther—than that. Visitors to our city are being told that Saltair isn’t safe, and these visitors are telling the story abroad. That hurts. It hurts you; it hurts your city; it hurts your state. It’s telling absurd gossip that hasn’t the slightest foundation in fact, that be- comes a slander which hurts all Utah. You know Saltair is safe. Now tell the world it is. Give these foolish stories a little Smile, and tell the facts. Tell them so that Utah’s great- est scenic asset will be set right before our visitors as a place where they are heartily welcome and absolutely safe.” This advertisement appeared the Sunday preceding the greatest day of the season, July 24th–Pioneer Day, and yet no crowd could be drawn to the great bathing resort. Instead, the crowds went to canyon and mountain retreats, and the prophecy of one old woman had more weight than the paid advertisement, even though the prophetess is a phantom creature and non-existent. SCHOOLS FOR TRADES By THOMAS L. CoMSTOCK Since reading your article about schools for teaching the trade of bricklaying to boys, I have been deeply inter- ested in reports from San Francisco concerning the progress of this same movement there. According to authentic statements made to me, a very considerable progress had been effected during last winter and spring. There were in operation schools for motor drivers and merchant tailors and plasterers and bricklayers and plumbers. Already by May they had given the initial training to nearly five hundred apprentices, and four hun- dred had learned their jobs at the trade itself, making about nine hundred workingmen who had obtained their degree by legitimate study and legitimate work. These would have been denied the opportunity under the exclusive union rules. And these constitute a nucleus of substantial value in the community. If we were merely turning out workingmen educated in the various trades, to compete for work and wages in lines already overcrowded, I should be against the move- ment. It would be most unfortunate if the mass of men who toil with their hands had to underbid each other for jobs. But we see exactly the opposite of such case. All over the land there is a shortage of labor, and this very shortage threatens the throttling of the general industries. It is becoming so difficult in some lines to conduct operation that men in charge are disheartened. If that condition were to become very extensive, even the work and the wages of the limited few would be lost, because we would have a general industrial stagnation. There is work enough for all the hands which America can train. And if the unions will not train apprentices, then the general public must support trade schools in which the youth can be educated to manual skill. This is a moral as well as an economic necessity. We are at the parting of the ways. Either American youth will be taught to earn money by honest toil, or Ameri- can youth will be further devoted to spending money–ob- tained in many cases by dishonest means. October, 1923 [Page Twenty-threel T H E O H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N THE LONE SURVIVOR No face, perhaps, brought more optimism to the recent Consultation Conference at Winona Lake, Ind., than the one whose photographic likeness is here reproduced. It is that of Robert Newton Redpath, the only surviving charter mem- ber of The National Reform Association. Mr. Redpath was just a boy coming into manhood, when on a certain Sabbath morning of March, 1868, he heard his minister announce that the Christian citizens centering around Sparta, Randolph County, Illinois, were invited to a conference during the week to consider ways and means whereby the cause of the Union might be brought ROBERT N. REDPATH to also be the cause of the God of Battles. That was an especially dark period in the conflict of the North and South. A goodly number of the citizens met as called, and among the youngest of them was Mr. Redpath. There and then he duly enrolled himself in The National Reform cause. His name was on the call that went out asking other groups of Christian citizens to meet as they had done, in the thought of urging President Lincoln to call for a national day of fasting and prayer. The call was quickly heeded. In fact, an identical one was going from Xenia, Ohio, (unbeknown to the Sparta citizens) at the very same time. The result we know. Lincoln called the nation to repentance through the only mediator, Jesus Christ. A Christian citizenship knelt in earnest prayer. That was on April 30th, '63; the answer was Vicksburg and Gettysburg ere the next Fourth of July. The King had been kissed ere the perishing. As might be expected Mr. Redpath has been an ardent supporter of Christ’s claims upon our Government ever since. He learned early in life the value of national sub- mission to the Ruler of nations. With his wife, Marion Crawford Redpath, he went west with the prairie pioneers in the spring of 1866. They settled near Olathe, Kansas. Here the family altar was at Once erected though their only earthly home was a sod dugout. Heaven has blessed them with a companionship which has endured for almost fifty-eight years. To their union nine children were born, five of whom grew to man- hood and womanhood. Mr. Redpath once expressed to his family, his belief and confidence in National Reform, in these words: “My eyes have seen the highway, thrown up for the coming of the king, made a little smoother; Slavery and drink have been thrown out of His way; every stone of stumbling—war, Sabbath desecration, disregard for law; all are going to go. I am glad that I have had a little part. Christ's rule is coming !” Mr. Redpath was appointed by Governor Davis of Kansas to represent him at the Conference. ON FAIR PAY FOR TEACHERS Editor of THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN: I was greatly interested in a little article in your September number (under “And Martha Says”) relating to the poor pay of school teachers. I have been a teacher and I now have children in the schools and I think I can view the question fairly. It is public stupidity to undervalue teaching, and public dishonesty to underpay it. As a rule teachers are not mercenary people. Those whom I am privileged to know express a joy in their 2Ontact with developing minds and a hope that their in- fluence may be for good; and certainly many of them could greatly improve their financial status by turning their en- ergy and ability to other channels. I am hoping for the day when we shall have as teachers the ablest and best men and women of our country (stress on “men for I believe our schools are over-feminized) people big of mind and heart, fitted not only by textbook education but by character and temperament. Real teachers. like poets, are born not made. FRANCIS BROWN, Omaha, Neb. A SPROUTING SEED OF GOOD WILL In THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN for December 1922, the article “An Institution of Friends” quotes Charles L. Houston of Coatesville, Pa. as saying:— ‘‘We think a self-respecting man has a two-fold aim in work: He wants to get what he earns, and he also wants to earn what he gets.” Dr. W. H. Morse of the Bible Mission writes that he has that sentiment on the wall of his office, and that one of the largest typewriter factories may use it on a workman's slip. |Page Twenty-four] October, 1923 T H E C H R T S T I A N STATES MAN PROSPECTUS OF THE RELIGIOUS ExCHANGE Promoted by The National Reform Association (Organized 1863) Location of the Exchange—Washington, D. C. The National Reform Association is an organization of many thousands of Christian patriots in all parts of our country, which has for its object the maintaining, the pro- moting, the perfecting and the perpetuating of what is truly Christian in our national life and character—in other words, the thorough and complete Christianization of the nation as such, including of course its agent the government. With such an object, it naturally and necessarily opposes that which specially militates against our national Christianity. As a result of its experience for sixty years of Christian reform service, it now undertakes to meet the urgent need imposed by moral and Christian reform workers throughout the nation. THE RELIGIOUS EXCHANGE is the agency established by the Association at Washington, D. C., through which it will" endeavor to supply the ex- pressed general desire for a national clearing-house through which available news, facts, statistics and other informative data may be obtained and transmitted for the benefit of any one engaged in public moral reform work aimed to Chris- tianize our national institutions and better the conditions of American society. RELIABLE INFORMATION In charge of the Exchange, this Association has placed as Director, the Rev. Sam W. Small, the noted evangelist and reformer. Dr. Small was chosen because of his thorough moral and intellectual equipment, his long and conspicuous experience in reform work in every part of the nation, and his wide acquaintance with public men, with officials of the nation and of the states, with ministers of all denominations from ocean to ocean, and with leading journalists in every section of the Union. So furnished, this Director will, with sanity and discrimination, be able to collect and co-ordinate whatever information concerning reform matters will be valuable to co-workers. REFORM CALLS ARE CONSTANT This Association knows that our civilization is not static. Reform work for its advancement is not finished and, doubt- less, never will be. “New occasions teach new duties, ’’ and the true reformer and the true statesman have the same supreme duty “not to keep things as they are, but to make them what they ought to be!” Measures are constantly being proposed or inaugurated, either in nation, state, or lesser unit, that demand the support or the opposition of Christian reformers. Unless there are alert watchmen to de- tect vicious proposals and to point out opportunities to ad- vance good measures, the evil may be enacted without public notice until too late to defeat it and the good may be lost Director—REV. SAM W. SMALL, D.D. for lack of timely public interest and support. This Associa- tion hopes, through The Religious Exchange, to Supply the need for prompt, intelligent and effective notice to all reform forces of such acts and occasions as demand their attention, opposition, or co-operation. - THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW This Association, in addition to its continuous effort to secure the national acknowledgment of Jesus Christ as the Supreme Governor of the nation, believes every Christian re- former will want to be kept advised up-to-date, in such Imatters as: - 1. WHY our national capital—the District of Columbia has no Lord's Day observance law, and how the city where sit the Chief Magistrate, the Congress, and the Supreme Court, may be redeemed from rioting every week in a pagan holiday instead of a Christian rest-day ? 2. WHAT is the possible and practical measure, national in Scope and effect, to regulate marriages and divorces so as to better safeguard the American home and our posterity ? 3. WHAT can and should be done to make polygamy impossible 9r Surely punishable in every state and community of the Union: And to minimize the social, commercial and political menace of Mormonism 2 4. HOW effectually to control the pressing tides of foreign im- migration so as not to increase ignorance, degeneration, ir- religion and anarchy among the inhabitants of our country? 5. WHO must be looked to and commanded as the people's servants to rigidly uphold and adequately enforce the Consti- tution and the laws of the nation—the bulwark of our rights and the ramparts of our safety 2 6. WHY the Bible is not daily read in all our American public schools, and how to remedy that defect in our Christian civilization ? 7. HOW may the Christian American co-ordinate his duty to Christ, the Prince of Peace, with his patriotism in active work to abolish the barbarism of War and produce “Peace on Earth, Good Will to Men” 7 And there are other great issues no less important, even if less immediately urgent. - - CLOSE CO-OPERATION IS INVITED - From the foregoing statements one may readily gather the purpose of The National Reform Association in establish- ing The Religious Exchange and may visualize the wide field of its operation. Close co-operation by every true Christian reformer, in or out of the pulpits, is invited and confidently expected. - - The Exchange desires a complete card index, giving the name, function and postoffice address of every such worker that Dr. Small may communicate with him or her as occasion arises. It also desires all news, data and information along its particular line of activity, and this material will be avail- able to all. - - - It is understood that The Religious Exchange is a part of the Association, but Dr. Small will by direct personal correspondence take care of all matters connected with the Exchange. - - october, 1993 [Page Twenty-five] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N “Tell me if that is all right. what you think about it.” It was a man who came into my office who handed me a sheet of paper on which was something that looked like a prescription. “Yes,” I said, “who was the physician who gave that to you?” - “Oh, it wasn’t no doctor l’’ was the reply. “If it is,” I said, “you must not expect me to pass an opinion upon another physician’s prescription.’’ ‘‘ "Taint no prescription,” he said, and then leaning forward he added in a made-to-order whisper, “Say, it’s a receipt.” “A receipt for what?’” I asked. The answer was in a plain whisper. “It’s for whisky 1’’ This was interesting. “A receipt for whisky 1’’ I repeated. get it?” “A fellow was selling it,” was the reply, “and he says it will make good whisky, and that I can make it from what is written there.” “O, you purchased it?” I asked. The answer was evasive. “What did you pay for it?” Another answer of the same description. “Go ahead an’ read it, and tell me what you think about it,” he urged. I unfolded the paper. writteri. “I guess it is quite correct,” my caller went on, “for the fellow had a bottle of the whisky, and it was made from Just look it over and see “Where did you The “receipt” was hand- the receipt, and I’m no poor judge of what is the proper thing.” These were the ingredients of the “receipt:” Oil of vitriol or sulphuric acid, spirits of turpentine, Spirits of juniper, oil of almonds, elderberry wine. With the ad- dition of twenty-four gallons of water the receipt would make twenty-five gallons of so-called whisky, and would cost in the neighborhood of one dollar and twenty-five cents. “All right, aint it?” the man asked eagerly. “A seductive decoction indeed!” was all the reply I could make. “Fellow said that same quantity of distilled whisky would cost, seems to me, seventy-five to a hundred dollars. Some profit, eh?” It was up to me to repress my feelings and give him the answer that he sought. Instead of replying offhand, I opened the dispensatory, and quoted some things about the ingredients named. “Sulphuric acid, commonly called oil of vitriol, acts as powerful caustic on living tissues. The symptoms of poison- ing are burning heat in the throat and stomach, excruciat- What Is That Which Is By W. H. MORSE Prohibited 2 ing pains in the abdomen, difficult breathing, prostration, death.” “What! Poison?” the caller asked, with a gasp. For answer I read to him “Treatment for poisoning by vitriol.” More gasps. But in a minute he inquired if the other ingredients “wouldn’t sort of act against poisoning, and with so much water added, wouldn’t it be so diluted that it wouldn’t do any harm 2'' I gave him the pharmacopoea’s inside information direct as to corrosive poisoning by sulphuric acid, both con- centrated and diluted, and with and without the flavor of juniper, turpentine and almonds. A few words as to the irritant action of turpentine were added. ‘‘Gr-r-racious! Say, it’s—it’s —it’s a poison 1’’ He said he had not tried the receipt, but was pre- pared to do so if it had been all right. He had visualized a fortune from it, and was evidently greatly disappointed because his hopes had been cast down. He would not admit that he had paid a goodly price for the receipt, but re- marked that he found some consolation in the fact that others had been imposed upon as well as he. Just how much of a business the purveyor of the re- ceipt may have conducted is left to conjecture, but those who have been in the liquor trade declare that only those ignorant of the proper quality of the goods could be swindled into making the purchase. And this is “whisky” by “receipt l” No need of bootleg distilling of moonshine illicitly, when so much vitriol with so much turpentine, juniper and almond oils, and elderberry wine, can be stirred into so much water, and the product warranted to be the real thing. But what is the “real thing?” spiritus frumentiº - I was told, years ago, by Dr. J. Marion Sims, Dr. Wil- lard Parker, Dr. Alfred T. Post, Dr. Austin Flint, Dr. T. Gaillard Thomas, and other New York medical men, that they experienced great difficulty in procuring pure whisky for their medicinal purposes. If such eminent physicians found themselves handicapped, is it not patent that the difficulty has been general? And yet whisky rank with fusel oil and unmitigated poison, has been, and is still, sold, prescribed, and drunk. Is it in the least surprising that there is moonshine and receipt-made whisky, when even the so-called standard article has maintained such a ques- tionable character 2 Has the quality of the ‘‘proper’’ goods always been so? In our grandfathers’ days the laborer was given his ‘‘pint” as part of his wages; towns voted a supply of liquor when meeting-houses were raised; free-hearted hospi- tality included the dispensing of rum to guests; and even ministers indulged in its use. Dr. Leonard Wood tells us that he could name forty ministers who were addicted, and that at an ordination he was “grieved to see two aged What is the proper [Page Twenty-siº October, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N ministers literally drunk, and a third indecently excited.” As Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick says, “our forefathers seem to have been resigned to it” when “everybody who was anybody drank,’’ and as a matter of course got drunk. And was the liquor of the grandfathers of any better quality than that which is prohibited today? Of old there was an English functionary known as the “ale-taster,” whose business it was to ‘‘taste for him- self for the public weal those stimulants which may in- flame the vital forces, and so imperil the public peace, if peradventure they were found of such description.” Why not, even now, in our prohibition times, have tasters if there is such a thing as “pure’’ liquors, so that the public may know what it is that is seized and emptied into the sewers? At the least it might be interesting, (although the in- surance companies would not take risks on the tasters,) for the physician to know what effect will follow when he prescribes liquor by legal permit. We may smile at the easy “receipt” that I have spoken of, but the criminal records show that not only vitriol, but cocculus indicus, grains of paradise, copperas, opium, sugar of lead, and other dangerous substances are sometimes found in “wet goods” af. forded by the drug store and the illicit seller alike. The state assayer of Massachusetts says that which is altogether patent, that “the class who will have liquor is obtaining it in other than commercial forms.” He also states that “the legislature has been repeatedly requested to give the authority to take samples in the same manner as they are taken by the milk inspector, but as uniformly it has refused to give him that power.” The dairy and food commissioner of New York says, “The state has no standard of proof,” but “compounds containing nothing deleterious may be sold on prescription.” In Illinois the attorney-general says, “There is no officer charged with the duty of making ex- aminations or tests of liquors,” and the prosecutions for violation of the constitutional amendment are directed at moonshine, receipt stuff and the ‘‘pure and without drugs’’ article alike. favorite tipples have been found in Connecticut, but one may wonder whether if one took the wings of the flivver and fluttered over into Canada, he would not find much the same stuff! WE MUST BUILD HOMES Anything which detracts from home building and home owning in this country is a deep injury to the national welfare. - Home owners are the strength of any nation. And in this respect America with her once vast reaches and her building of new towns, excelled the rest of the world. But with the congestion in cities and towns, and with the increasing demand upon limited areas for business and residential purposes, this country saw a vast increase in the landlord fraternity. In a very large measure business men and tradespeople did not build their own establishments. Business blocks were erected by people who had no direct Wood alchohol, Jamaica ginger, and other. interest in the business which was to be conducted upon the premises. Their object was to get as high rental as possible regardless of the consequences to the business itself—for in case of any failure there was always another waiting tenant for any eligible location. And the same condition extended into residential properties. When the automobile and the suburban electric service brought into utilization the thousands of farm sites which lay contiguous to farms and cities, there was a splendid rush of former rent payers into the suburbs to build and own their own homes. This movement looked like a solu tion. But then came the excessive cost of building. The trust in materials was only a small part of the evil, but it had some significance. The greater part of the wrong and injury came from a conjunction between supply houses and labor trusts. So concentrated and powerful was this par- ticular combine that at one time it was impossible to buy plumbers’ supplies and even other materials in many localities, except for a building which was being constructed by union labor. Under these conditions in many places the building of homes reached a cost all but prohibitive. And this injury to the national welfare is far-reaching in its effects. It touches not only the immediate life but the life of the next generation. People who live in their own homes are more likely to be steadfast members of society; and children reared under a family roof tree are more likely to be amenable to family discipline and to feel a continuous pride in family achievement. Thoughtful men in communities; bankers, preachers, captains of industry, teachers; are being aroused to a sense of this great need. Home owning is being inculcated as a basic principle of civic righteousness and personal welfare. The real solution of the tenant problem so far as homes are concerned, lies in the stimulation of the building pro- gram, particularly in the department of home owning. And this carries one immediately to the contemplation of costs. Herein lies one of the deadly injuries which labor has done to itself. In piling up unconscionably the cost of building by excessive wage demand, labor has done the most serious injury to its own class. The highly paid painter or plumber is not as likely to own his own home as was his trade fore- bear of twenty years ago. He knows what the jerry- building and the wastefulness of today really are. And he shuns the consequences of the very thing which he per- petrates. Of course we do not want to go back to any dollar a day period. But the artisan who works for five dollars a day and does an honest day’s work is more likely to be a home owner than the shirker who gets twelve dollars a day. Honesty and hard work usually go hand in hand with thrift, while dishonesty, laziness and wastefulness are boon companions. If we are to have a general renaissance of home own- ing the costs have got to come down materially; and this demand applies both to the building materials trust and to the labor union trust. October, 1923 [Page Twenty-seven] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N CURRENT NOTES AND OPINION ------------- nuisansmissmantis: AMERICAN CONSTRUCTION FOR JAPAN The very day that the news of the great Japanese earthquake was received, Scribner’s Magazine published an article by William A. Starrett, presidênt of Starrett Bro- thers, contractors, in which Mr. Starrett said: Japan will probably never build high buildings. The lead- ing cities have wisely joined in uniform building codes, and all of them limit the height to one hundred feet—about eight stories. No doubt many considerations of congestion, traffic, and policy dictated the wisdom of this limitation, but the earthquake problem was the determining factor. The Japanese in recent years have made a profound study of earthquakes; perhaps the most advanced scientists in the world on that particular problem are to be found in Japan, for with them it is an ever-present menace, and through the cen- turies the Japanese have had reason to fear this dread thing. But the truth is that only in recent years have they done anything scientific in meeting the problem in their structures. Sentimental tourists, ever alert for evidences of great subtlety in the Japanese, point out how adroitly the native house is con- structed to meet the earthquake. The roofs are heavy and solid, generally covered with weighty tile. This is all very well as a protection against the weather and as a fire preventive in cities; but as an engineering expedient against earthquakes, it is a myth. When the tremor comes, the spindly corner posts of the structures rock and gyrate, setting in motion the heavy roof, which, if it does not careen from its flimsy moorings, commences to shed its tiles into the streets, and like spilled dishes they clatter down, often causing casualties that would never have happened had the roofs been of light construction, and properly engaged to the side walls and foundations. Inquiry develops the fact that a large number of casualties in Japan come from falling roofs and tiles. Modern structures of almost any type, built throughout Japan, prove that the native construction has been its own worst enemy, and that the earthquake disturbances, however undesirable, have been largely aided and abetted by the native construction methods, from which relief has been obtained by the adoption of things Occidental in building. This is not to say that the earthquakes are not a menace, nor that modern construction solves the problem, for in fact there is no solution. No matter how severe an earthquake they may prepare for, an even more severe one will surely upset calculations; and there is no controlling or determining what may be the most severe possible. But for a given problem, the light skeleton structure so familiar to Americans is undoubtedly far superior to anything heretofore attempted in Japan. Every element that an earthquake of moderate severity has been known to produce can be met through the standard formulae of strains and wind-bracing, now the common knowledge of the American engineer. The menace of earthquakes of great severity will probably always hang over the heads of the Japanese people like the sword of Damocles, but in our skeleton steel and modern rein- forced concrete, America has contributed to Japan a large measure of relief from this scourge. Perhaps the Japanese in their untiring ingenuity will develop it to even greater perfection. Virginia, Ohio and New York have divided equally the honor or providing burial places for Presidents of the United States. Five former Presidents are buried in Vir- ginia, five in Ohio and five in New York; three repose in Tennessee, two in Massachusetts, and one each in Kentucky, Illinois, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Indiana. WOMEN WANT TO KNOW - Women are displaying both conscience and intelligence in fulfilling their new duties of citizenship. The following questions are being asked of candidates by the New York League of Women Voters. Are you in favor of 1: The complete restoration of the direct primary nomina- tion for state wide officers and Supreme court judges 2 2. . The revision of, the law so that (a) women may serve on juries? (b) married women may choose their voting resi- dences? (c) women shall have full control of their earnings? 3. The enactment of a state prohibition enforcement law? 4. A forty-eight-hour Week for women and minors in fac- tories and mercantile establishments? 5. A minimum wage commission to recommend a living wage for Working women and minors in various industries and localities? 6. The publication of a legislative record and journal of debate to furnish exact knowledge of legislative proceeding 2 7. A measure that will enlarge the basic tax unit for rural schools, to include a group of school districts (provided that consolidation of schools in such districts is permissive) and that Will provide a state grant in aid of such districts as have ſess than a stated amount of taxable property? 8. An amendment to the state constitution providing for (a) An executive budget system? (b) A four-year term for Governor and other elected state officers? 9. Bills providing for the immediate consolidation of scat- tered and overlapping departments by statute, pending amend- ment providing or the consolidation of state departments and reduction of elected officers, passed for the first time in 1923? 10. Extending the existing emergency rent laws? The queries to Aldermanic candidates follow: Are you in favor of 1. The abolition of the present unsanitary and costly method of garbage disposal and the establishment, under municipal owner- ship control, of a plan in each borough for the disposal of its Own garbage? 2. The purchase of coal used in all city property direct from the mines 2 3. New York City's encouraging the acceptance of the terminal market space offered by the State Superintendent of Public Works 2 4. Active co-operation with the Federal authorities in the enforcement of the Federal prohibition law 2 5. A constitutional revision of the charter to provide for the choice of members of the Board of Aldermen by the system of proportional representation ? 6. Municipal ownership and control of public utilities? What is your stand on 2 7... The revision of the charter so as to provide for co- ordination of departments; greater centralization of authority; And will you work for such a revision under the home rule amendment 2 Questions 5, 6 and 7 are asked in anticipation of the passage of the home rule amendment and changes ensuing thereby in the powers of the Board of Aldermen. [Page Twenty-eight] October, 1923 T H E C H R T S T I A N S T A T E S M A N HARVARD’S PRIZE POEM Harvard’s prize poem for this year has an unusual theme in this age of youthful sophistication and cynicism. It was written by Major Harry Webb Farrington. I know not how that Bethlehem’s Babe Could in the Godhead be. I only know the Manger Child Has brought God’s life to me. I know not how that Calvary’s cross A world from sin could free; I only know its matchless love Has brought God’s love to me. I know not how that Joseph’s tomb Could solve death’s mystery; I only know a living Christ, Our immortality. SHE DESERVES A CHANCE Under “Briefly Told” the Dearborn Independent relates the following story: A Kentucky mountain girl, crippled with infantile paralysis, crawled on her hands and knees to school over a mountain more than a mile and a half away. The sharp rocks, despite pads, cut her knees so she could not make the trip more than a few times. A Louisville physician heard of the case and taking her to the city he operated on her. By breaking and resetting the bones in her legs he made it possible for her to walk in a year's time. She learned to read and write in the hospital and was taken to Berea College to finish her education. A man whose j is withheld, deposited $1,000 to her credit in a Louisville bank. SHORT SHIRTS BECOME ORTHODOX [The Continent] Even the Mormon Hierarchy cannot break the imperial rule of Dame Fashion over the ladies. A solemn ruling has just been issued from the headquarters of the “Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-Day Saints’’ which provides that persons who have been married, or have participated in other rites, within the Mormon temples, need no longer wear in its original unabbreviated form the undergarment with which the faithful are invested at all such ceremonies. Its arms may henceforth be cut off at the shoulders and its legs at the knees. And the reason? The reason is mainly that Mormon women want to wear sleeveless dresses and short skirts like other women do. And though self-evidently the apostles have resisted long—for these fashions are not new in other parts of the county—in the end even in holy ‘‘Zion” they succumb to the “eternal feminine.” During the last fiscal year 522,919 immigrants were admitted into this country, according to statistics of the Bureau of Immigration of the Department of Labor. Of these 307,522 were men, and 215,397 women. Reports by the Bureau show that the total number of persons coming to this country was 1,002,496, made up of the 522,919 aliens, 150,487 non-immigrant aliens (or in other words, those temporarily admitted) 308,471 citizens of the United States and 20,619 aliens who were debarred. ARE THERE chrisTIAN STATESMEwº - [The Lutheran] Of course there are; but somehow it seldom becomes apparent in the great speeches they make on momentous political questions. It would seem that nothing is treated as being more foreign to the political thought and speech of today than the religious or Christian viewpoint. The Gladstonian type of argument, often, rising to great heights of Christian thought and eloquence, seems not only to have gone out of use but to be regarded as actually out of place. All through the crises with which the statesmen of Europe were confronted after the late war, the speeches revealed an almost total absence of real Christian thought and argu- ment—as if religion had absolutely nothing to do with poli- tics. If the political world is in a state of chaos, if so little progress toward peace and order has been made during the last five years, who can escape the conclusion that it is because God has been ruled out of the counsels of the nations? Right here is where modern statesmanship is seriously at fault. What is needed far more than peace treaties and compacts, is statesmen who, like Washington and Lincoln, will take God into their counsels. - In a conversation with a keen thinker and student wh has been in close contact with political life at the nation's capital, we got some very illuminating first-hand information about the personnel of the leading members of Congress. After characterizing many of them as opportunists and time servers who do not rise above the level of the self-seeking politician, he made the assertion that the number who could claim some sort of title to statesmanship could be counted on the fingers of his two hands. He spoke not as a critic but as one who could give a reason for the truth of his statement. He merely voiced what has come to be the gen- eral opinion among the laity. Legislators will fight for party or special privilege; but do they have the characte and the courage to fight for principle? He averred that few of them do. This accounts for the absence of the Christian viewpoint in congressional speeches. It would seem that Christian men in Congress are far behind the great heathen states- men in the days of Cicero and Demosthenes in this respect. Both of them prefaced their great speeches with an appeal to their gods. Would it not seem somewhat surprising to read of a speech delivered in Congress on some great burning question, that made its appeal to a court higher than that of men? Where is the statesman who is ready to weigh his contention in the balances of God? Following what appeared to be a settlement of the threatened coal strike, United Mine Workers of America published recently the first of a series of articles, in which they charge that Red forces directly under the supervision of the Soviet government at Moscow, are attempting to seize control of the organized labor movement in America and to use it as a base from which to carry on a communist effort for the overthrow of the American government. October, 1923 | Page Twenty-nine] T EI E O H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N The Japanese earthquake of September 1, is just now the great tragedy on the stage of the world. No accurate figures are yet available but it is known that hundreds of thousands were killed outright, that millions are homeless, and that disease and privation are beginning to take their toll. On August 20, and again on September 15, typhoons ravaged the coasts of Korea and Japan causing the loss of many lives and of much property, but these disasters have almost been lost sight of in the greater catyclysm. Since the great Japanese earthquake, seismic disturb- ances have been reported at widely varying points on the earth's surface. Ninety lives are said to have been lost in Calcutta. - On September 8, seven United States naval destroyers and the Pacific mail liner Cuba, were wrecked off the coast of southern California. Twenty-six sailors are reported dead and twenty injured. The disaster is thought to have been caused by dense fog and treacherous and unusual currents and to have been aggravated by tangled wireless messages. The voice of the spell-binder is heard in the land. º China, which in 1895 had only thirty-one native daily newspapers now has over 800. - Ninety-seven miners, employees of the Kemmerer Coal Company, lost their lives at mine No. 1, Frontier Wyoming, On August 14. - - - Brisk competition in building at Waukegan, Illinois, sky-rocketed wages of bricklayers to such a height that some workers are reported to have received $146 a week. By legitimate grafting George Febrey of Maryland has produced red, white, and blue grapes in the same cluster. Other kinds of grafting do not bear such patriotic fruit. President Coolidge has endorsed the movement of the Navy League of the United States to designate Saturday, October 27, birthday of the late President Roosevelt, as Navy Day. The second largest tree in the world, in Giant Forest, California, was dedicated on August 13 to the memory of President Harding and will hereafter be known as the “Warren Harding Tree.” It is 32 feet in diameter and 290 feet in height. On August 12, the resignations of the former German chancellor Wilhelm Cuno and his entire cabinet were ac- cepted by President Ebert, and Gustav Stresemann, leader of the Peoples party, was commissioned to form a new government. PEOPLE AND EVENTS Early in September it was stated on behalf of the Presi- dent that the United States is not ready to alter its policy toward Soviet Russia, but is willing to give recognition when there is a Russian government that is in accord with American standards. When the crippled body of little Clyde Patnoe, of Cisco, California, was swept over a 30-foot falls, the Pacific Gas and Electric Company spent more than $20,000 and turned the Yuba River into a new channel in a finally successful attempt to recover the body. All records for stop and non-stop flights across the continent were broken August 23 when Pilot Wesley L. Smith reached Curtiss Field, near Mineola, L. I., at 11:14 (Eastern Standard Time), completing a relay mail flight from San Francisco in 26 hours and 14 minutes. A report submitted to President Coolidge by Attorney- General Daugherty shows that in the first 41 months of operation of the prohibition law more than 90,000 cases have been terminated in the United States courts, resulting in 72,489 convictions and fines aggregating $12,467,660. Two North Americans, Charles Toth of Boston and Henry Sullivan of Lowell, Massachusetts; and a South American, Enrique Tirabocchi from Argentina, swam the English channel this summer. Sullivan and Tirabocchi each won £1,000 but Tirabocchi accomplished the feat after the offer of reward was withdrawn on September 7. The World Court has ruled in favor of Germany in the case involving the rights of German settlers in Poland, acquired before the peace treaty. Expulsions of Germans were decided to have been made without warrant. This is the first time that Germany has won a case in the World Court. Although the Government has decided to admit 2,000 immigrants who reached New York two or three minutes before midnight on August 31 (and therefore exceeded the August quota); the ships landing them have been fined $600,000. The penalty is $200 for each passenger, and re- turn fare which in this case averages $100. According to the newspapers, great international bank- ers are planning a billion dollar loan to save Germany from economic collapse. The loan is to be negotiated only in case of a settlement in the Ruhr and of an agreement with the Allies; and the industrial assets of Germany and the guaran- tees of other European nations are to be the security. It - is intended that the entire undertaking shall be handled through the League of Nations which functioned success- fully in the recent Austrian bond issue. [Page Thirty] October, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N GOOD TIDINGS The wire of President Coolidge was the first message of condolence received in Tokio. The $5,000,000 set by the Red Cross as America's quota for Japanese relief has already been very greatly exceeded. The last figure as we go to press is $7,500,000. S. P. Fenn, 80 year old Cleveland philanthropist, has given $500,000 to the Y. M. C. A. of North America. The fund will be used chiefly in rebuilding Y structures destroyed at Tokio and Yokahama. All resentments and suspicions which other countries may formerly have held toward Japan are lost in a great wave of human sympathy. All the world will help but the greatest hope for the Japanese lies in their own remarkable courage, resourcefulness and energy though these qualities will now be put to a terrific test. The Russian harvest for this year, including potatoes and all cereals, is fully 7,000,000 tons greater than last year. The coal strike seems to be settled to the great com- fort of the general public and the qualified satisfaction of the parties to the controversy. - Middle Western States almost without exception have this year strengthened their state laws for upholding and enforcing the prohibition amendment. Since the forming of the Society in 1898, the Gideons have placed 600,000 Bibles in hotels in the United States, and the National Camp is now composed of 4,000 traveling salesmen. Al Staton, great foot ball player and a college gradu- ate this season from Georgia Tech, refused a $10,000 job as mechanical engineer in favor of one as missionary in Brazil at $100 per month. . - The American Bar Association at its last annual con- vention declared in favor of the League of Nations, and also urged investigation and adoption of measures to make legal aid available for the poor. ºf A. M. Like a little sister all º up and attending her first grown up party, the Triº Free State took her place on September 8 in the meeting of the League of Nations at Geneva. The recommendation for Ireland’s admission received the unanimous vote of the membership commission, and there was an impressive demonstration of welcome and friendship. It is said that the United States army will shortly be reduced to 90,000 men, in proportion to population, the Smallest armed force of any recognized country in the world. With the signing on August 15 of records of the con- ference between representatives of the United States and Mexico, diplomatic relations between the two nations were resumed. Governor Pinchot of Pennsylvania on September 10 called upon the governors of thirty anthracite consuming states to join him in seeking methods to safeguard coal users against high prices during the coming winter. Because he has never had an accident or violated a traffic rule, Wm. P. Flaherty, a New York chauffeur, has received a platinum watch from the Pennant Taxi Cab Com- pany by whom he has been employed for seven years. The presentation was made by Police Commissioner Enright. Three years ago there were no public schools in Czecho- slovakia. Now it is announced by Dr. V. Kralicek, repre- sentative in America of President Masaryk, that there have been established in the country 4,000 public schools, 17 high schools, one university, one technical, one commercial and one agricultural college. - The American Tree Association has sent thousands of seeds of the best American fir, spruce, pine, locust and cy- press trees to devastated regions in France. A striking phrase in the announcement of the gift voices the hope that in future years trees may form “a standing army of friendship” between France and America. Peking University, in China, has announced plans for a $500,000 School of Journalism. The money is now being raised. Two of the professors will be American college men with newspaper experience; the third will be a Chinese journalist. In addition there will be two two-year fellow- ships of $1,000 a year to enable Chinese students to study journalism in the United States. International situations shift with kaleidoscopic rapid- ity but as we go to press there seems hope of an early settlement of the Franco-German situation—largely because of the candor and fairness of the new German chancellor, Gustav Stresemann. Peace also hovers over Greece and Italy. Italy has renewed the promise, once given by Mussolini but later re- pudiated by him, for evacuation of Corfu. The Italian troops are, according to present plans, to leave the island on September 27. october, 1993 [Page Thirty-one] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A. N. Collapse of Christless - Studies in Christian Civilizations Citizenship º: º: This is the title of a great book by What is the State? Whence comes its authority? RICHARD CAMERON WYLIE, LL.D. What should be its purposes? Can it sin and be forgiven? Its subject matter is indicated by its stupendous What is its relation to Christ? title. What is Christian citizenship? How can it be attained? If you would know what ails the world and what is the remedy, read this book. All of these questions and many more related to them are answered in a series of pamphlets prepared Sent to any address in the United States, post- by RICHARD CAMERON WYLIE, JAMEs S. MARTIN, age prepaid, for 50 cents. THOMAS H. ACHESON, DAVID McALLISTER and others - and sold in a packet postpaid (regular price, 40 Write today to eents) FOR ONLY 25 CENTS. - Order now Stamps accepted THE NATIONAL REFORM ASSOCIATION, THE NATIONAL REFORM ASSOCIATION, 209 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. 209 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. If You Want to Know– Concise Facts the history of Mormonism, told in a faseinating liter- about ary style and with exact regard to facts, read Mormonism º: BRIGHAM YOUNG AND HIS MORMON EMPIRE : by - Its absurd claims Its un-Christian theology Its temple ceremonies Its polygamous práctices Its treasonable oaths Its political power | Its dangerous development FRANK J. CANNON and GEORGE L. KNAPP The National Reform Association has a limited supply of this important book. All are made clear in a series of pamphlets pre- pared by those having accurate and authentic in- formation and sold in a pº sket, postpaid, (regular price, 40 cents) FOR ONLY 25 CENTS. Sent to any address in the United States, post- age prepaid, for $1.50. Write today to Order now Jº - Stamps accepted THE NATIONAL REFORM ASSOCIATION, THE NATIONAL REFORM ASSOCIATION, - 209 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. 209 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. [Page Thirty-two.] October, 1993 Jesus Christ is Civil Governor & M Founded in 1 867 Let me now take a more comprehensive view, and warm you in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of party generally. # # # # # # There is an opinion that parties in free countries are useful checks upon the administration of the government, and serve to keep alive the spirit of liberty. This, within certain limits, is probably true; and in governments of a monarchical cast, patriotism may look with indulgence, if not with favor, upon the spirit of party. But in those of popular char- acter, in governments purely elective, it is a spirit not to be encouraged. From the natural tendency, it is certain there will always be enough of that spirit for every salutary purpose; and there being con- stant danger of eaccess, the effort ought to be by force of public opinion to mitigate and assuage it. A fire not to be quenched, it demands a uniform vigilance to prevent its bursting into a flame, lest, instead of warming, it should consume. —GEORGE WASHINGTON. vollvil. November, 1923 The National Reform Association Organized in 1863 Headquarters: Publication Building, 209 Ninth St., Pittsburgh, Pa. º: Jehovah bringeth the counsel of the nations to nought. Blessed is the nation whose God is Jehovah. Psalm 33. The wicked shall be turned back unto Sheol, Even all the nations that forget God. Psalm 9. Go ye therefore and make disciples of all nations. Matthew 18. By His Divine Law, nations like individuals, are subjected to punishments and chastisements. Abraham Lincoln. No nation ever fell while it was right with God. The duty as well as the safety of our nation is to make its submission to the Divine Ruler. The Christian Statesman. { OFFICERS President Thomas D. Edgar First Vi e President Charles F. Wishart General Secretary. ...James S. McGaw General Superintendent.---...-..........James S. Martin Corresponding Secretary....................John C. Nicholas --------------- Larimore C. Denise Treasurer James S. Tibby —James A. Cosby Assistant Treasurer Henry Peel T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N An Acknowledgment and an Appeal As the year approaches its close, it is appropriate that THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN acknowledge in this general way the wonderful support which has been extended by its tens of thousands of readers, by its hundreds of kind cor- respondents who have written their commendations and suggestions, and by its scores of able contributors who have sent momentous articles for its pages. Perhaps in the history of periodicals no other one has had so much occasion for gratitude to its friends. To all of these we give this assurance of appreciation, begging each one to accept it as a personal message. And the time is opportune also for an appeal to a rededication on the part of Christian folk in the United States to the mighty cause which, in a prayerful way, it is sought to exemplify in the pages of THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN. First, this magazine, as the organ of The National Reform Association, advocates a recognition of the civil author- ity of Jesus Christ in the fundamental laws of the Nation and the states. Our Lord is Ruler; and if the people of this land would be favored by His omnipotent protection in the time of coming trials, as He has protected them in the past for the performance of their mission, they ought to acknowledge His authority in the most solemn and official way. The Nation and the states proclaim prayer to the Divine Ruler in time of stress and danger. The best prepara- tion for such beseeching is to acknowledge Him before the calamity impends. He is the eternal and omnipotent Ruler, as essential to sustain as He is merciful to save—in days of peace as well as in night of wreckage. Further, The National Reform Association is making a sigularly clear and appealing campaign throughout the Nation in behalf of law observance. There has been a lamentable breakdown in the civil machinery of government. The causes are plain. In the rush and hurry of vast and complicated material movement, and with the inrush of fabu- ous wealth during the early years of the war, a great many people plunged into pleasure without any antecedent tutoring in self-restraint. Many individuals who would stand firmly for the theory of law observance in general, themselves committed individual infractions; until the rejection of some of the laws became a plague epidemic. Added to this, has been the venal or indifferent neglect by officers of the law to make vigorous prosecution of offenders. In this enlightened age, with every facility for moral advancement and general peace and prosperity, and with promise of greater strength and influence and usefulness in the world, this Nation is in a saturnalia of lawbreaking. To call the earnest Christian citizenship of the country to a new dedication in behalf of law observance, placing on high the com- mandments of God as the constant authority over us as individuals and as a whole people, is the mission of this great movement conducted by the Speakers Bureau of The National Reform Association. Important men of national reputa- tion and authority are on the Association's platforms, and hundreds of churches are opening their pulpits for the de- livery of the message. - In train is elaborate preparation for a Fourth World Christian Citizenship Conference, bringing together a group of representative leaders from many lands to discuss essential movements for world redemption. Three such confer- ences have been held in this country under direction of The National Reform Association, with constant increase in at- tendance and interest and influence. As an introduction to the coming world assemblage, there was held at Winona Lake, July 1-8, 1923, a Consultation Conference which was acclaimed by the press in general and by eminent Chris- tians who attended, as one of the most significant gatherings of recent years. To the Fourth World Conference the Asssociation is giving its best experience and energy. A Religious Exchange, a clearing house for reform agencies, has long been urged for the national capital. It is now to be established and manned by most accomplished and influential personnel. This promises to be one of the most helpful branches of National Reform Association work. Its facilities will be available for churches, organizations and individuals everywhere. The Association continues its work for the suppression of the evils of Mormonism. The continuance of an ecclesi- astical kingdom within this Republic—an arrogant polygamous kingdom which rules in politics and in finance—is a danger whose consequences will be devastation within the region of Mormondom if not soon corrected. For Bible reading in the schools; for uniform marriage and divorce laws; for a strict observance of the Lord’s Day by statutory requirement and through administration by civil officers; and for the fraternalization of all the governments of the world in a concord which shall swiftly lessen armament with its awful burdens and shall elimin- ate the possibility of war among God’s children, the Association devotes its best energies and its intelligence. In support of this program of Christian advancement, THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN appeals to the millions of Chris- tian men and women, while it offers its acknowledgments humbly before God and gratefully to the people for the op- portunity and sustenance which have characterized its career from that day in 1863 when it was organized, up to the present hour. November, 1923 [Page One] T EI E C EIR IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN (FOUNDED IN 1867) Published Monthly at $2.00 the Year by The National Reform Association (ORGANIZED IN 1863) 209 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. COMITTEE ON PUBLICATION:— R. C. Wylie, James S. Martin, Thomas D. Edgar, A. B. Cooper, Lyman E. Davis, J. H. McQuilkin; - Frank J. Cannon, Chairman. Editor-in-Chief—RICHARD CAMERON Associate Editors—Thomas H. Acheson, Dorothy C. Hyde WYLIE Business Manager—Arthur B. Cooper NOVEMBER C O N T E N T S 1923 - - Page Page An Acknowledgment and an Appeal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Ford and the Presidency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Notes by the Way . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - The Growing Cause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Moré Power to Westminster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 German Nationals Protected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Political Protests in Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 A Case in Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Late News of Mormon Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 An Insult to Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Tariff and Military Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Christian Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Jabez Says . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 And Martha Says . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Impediments to Prohibition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 - How He Hates It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - - - 21 OUTLOOK American Red Cross Roll Call, November 11–29 . . . . . . 22 American Naval Heroes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Chief of Chaplains Arranges for Armistice Day Services 22 Resistless Public Opinion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Power in Prayer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 A Threat or a Promise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. The Authority of Religion in the State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 A Poor Sport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. Methodism Endorses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Belated Repudiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 The Right Years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Striking Them Blind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Germany Coming Back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Peace Now to Ireland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. The General Welfare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Prize Fighting Ethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 What Radio Suggests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Moving for the World Court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Faith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 The Ultimate Source of Civil Government . . . . . . . . . . 11 CURRENT NOTES AND OPINION Two Public Servants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 To Save the President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Pennsylvania Favors the Bible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Pitiful Ignorance of the Bible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 A Humiliating Confession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 EDITORIAL Missionaries Who Omit the Name of Christ . . . . . . . . . . 28 Where Are We Going Tonight? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Sons of Humor . . . . . . . . . • * * * * * * * * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 28 America’s Part in the Shame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Only Fifty Thousand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 People and Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Our Satire on the League . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Good Tidings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Address contributed articles to the Editorial Department; and business communications to the Business Department; Christian Statesman, Fourth Floor Publication Building, 209 Ninth St., Pittsburgh, Pa. Entered as Second Class matter, July 30, 1906, at Pittsburgh, Pa., under Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. *~ [Page Two] November, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N [E] NOTES BY [E] THE WAY It is a fair guess that Coolidge doesn’t even talk in his sleep. I S Base flattery curses both him who gives and him who takes. If Lloyd George ever gets tired of Britain, he knows where to come. . - In little more than a month Congress will be in session. God bless the country ! Every time a Wet dynamites the home of a Dry, he buries the Wet cause under more debris. Some people seem to be watching with an automatic shotgun for that dove of peace. Lord Grey of Fallodon says that Europe is sliding toward an abyss. She is always sliding but never slid. There is no human measurement of the power of prayer. It can lift, the finite into contact with the Infinite. In these days of million dollar art fakes, how happy and superior is he who has genuine two dollar chromos on his walls. When the devil had failed in every other way to cap- ture the souls of the fairest, he invented the “beauty contest.” That gets 'em. That fool Bolshevist who was expelled from the Federa- tion of Labor, shouted as he ran, “I’ll meet you at the Bar- ricades|” Ring for the morgue wagon and prepare a cold marble slab for me. More than one and a half million Radicals working Se- cretly to overthrow this Government. And more than one hundred million loyal citizens half asleep. A consolation to struggling bread-winners in New York may or may not be found in current advertising there: “‘Chauffeur's overcoats, $465; and caps, $45.” Those Filipinos who expect to achieve independence by boycotting “the tyrant Wood,” might learn something from America’s freezing failure to boycott the tyrant Coal. Every American child now coming into the world is under $400 of public debt, and to strengthen the infantile back Senator Smoot proposes an additional national tax. Worldly fortune without Righteousness is an enemy within the house. When the biggest of the brewers turns his $20,000,000 plants into cheese factories, we kinda guess that he doesn’t expect beer to come back within the next few weeks. A house painter would take a tumble if he let the rungs in his ladder rot away because of neglect. Prayer is a Christian’s laddor—and when a Christian takes a tum- ble, you know the reason. Parisian women use two pounds of powder per face per year. That’s to spare their blushes when they view the antics of wild Americans over there. More than 400,000 civilians have been dropped from Government pay rolls in five years. Keep up the good work, the country is still shy on bricklayers. They would not let Wickersham talk on the League in a certain Michigan hall, because “political subjects were barred.” What show would the Sermon on the Mount have with that crowd 7 - The coal operator and the coal operative having got together as near as the upper and nether millstones, it must be a holy satisfaction to the consumer to know that he is all that keeps them from grinding each others faces. Chairman Farley still insists that if any American wants to order hash in the Ritz restaurant of the Leviathan, he must learn to call it “hachis de volaille aux haricots verts.” Happily the passenger does not need to learn any foreign tongue to call Chairman Farley what he thinks. STORY OF THE MONTH Babe is four years old, a most devoted attendant at Sabbath school. - - She thinks that life is seriously endangered in all its moral stabilities if this attendance is neglected. One of her acquaintances, about her own age does not go to Sabbath school; and Babe is greatly worried. She wants to know why; and her Grandma tells her: “Well, perhaps Nancy’s Mother does not teach her the value of going to Sabbath school.” “Then, why in the world didn’t Nancy's Mother's Mother teach her?” And Babe’s infantile voice has placed the responsibility where eternal justice places it. - November, 1923 [Page Three] * T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N MORE POWER TO WESTMINSTER One of the most illuminating advertisements ever put out by any institution of learning is the following which appear- ed in The Continent, New York. their disapproval. in uplifting enterprises. a college President H. W. Reherd, D.D. —Jack Dempsey in Utah— The Mormon Governor of Utah and the Mormon Mayor of Salt Lake City headed a group of citizens in giving a public reception in Salt Lake to Jack Dempsey, in honor of his recent pugilistic victory. Meanwhile many citizens hung their heads Near by Westminster college was carrying on its regular program of making Christian citizenship which bestows its honors upon leaders Don’t you think it is worth while having such in such a community? =Utah's Westminster College= in shame or muttered For more information address Salt Lake City, Utah POLITICAL PROTESTS IN UTAH Two new parties have been organized in Salt Lake City to fight for the political independence of voters and for the assertion and maintenance of Americanism in the heart of Mormondom. - One is called the American Party, composed in large degree of important business men and politicians, as leaders, with a supposed large following of Gentile citizenship. This party affirms that the Mormon Church has broken its cove- nants with the Government of the United States; that it violates the provisions of the state constitution which de- clares for the separation of Church and State; and that, through its priesthood, it controls and directs the political movements within the commonwealth. The Progressive Party is the other organization. This group makes an intense campaign against the whole system of Mormon tyranny, including particularly the church ab- sorption of the commercial and industrial powers within its range of coercion and influence. The first sentence of the Progressive Party platform reads: We have been enmeshed, betrayed, blocked and overridden by both the leadership of the dominant church and their business partners, and are weary of them and their coercive, corrupting and combining operations against the public welfare. When citizens of Utah can charge that she is a priest-rid- den state; when these citizens can denounce the tyranny of the Mormon Church as a blight upon the state and the capital city; when these citizens can publicly affirm and demonstrate that Salt Lake City is losing population and Utah is losing standing among the sovereign states of the Union because of the crimes and treasons of the Mormon hierarchy, agencies like The National Reform Association, which have been making battle for years upon this ground, may properly assume that their vindication has come. LATE NEWS OF MORMON ACTIVITIES By LULU LOVELAND SHEPARD The Mormons have been celebrating the one hundredth anniversary of the founding of their faith at Mormon Hill, Palmyra, N. Y. On September 21st and 22nd it was just one hundred years since Joseph Smith claims he had his vision of the coming of this new faith. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints was not organized until seven years later, in 1830. Six hundred of the faithful gathered at the Joseph Smith farm, and tents were erected to house the followers. Services were held daily, led by their chief men; but the main discussion was on the erection of a $100,000 monument to the memory of Joseph Smith, and the purchase of Mor- mon Hill and the “First Book of Mormon’’ which is owned by Pliny T. Sexton, a citizen of Palmyra. The reported action of Mr. Sexton in asking that the Mormon Church pay him $100,000 for the original Book of Mormon has caused a stir among the higher members of the church, who declare that they will not pay the amount asked. Mr. Sexton came into possession of the manuscript through the printer who was employed to set the type for the Book of Mormon. He also secured by purchase the Hill Cumorah which the Mormons regard as sacred. Numerous attempts have been made to buy the property, but Mr. Sexton refuses to sell the plot of land unless the Book of Mormon is bought also. Mr. Sexton in- tends to will the Book of Mormon manuscript to the New York State Historical Society unless the Mormon Church purchases it, and they would thereby lose the last op- portunity to own this cherished copy. It seems to me that Mr. Sexton will get his price. The Mormons want the book and he knows it. [Page Four] November, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N A young woman of one of our Christian de- nominations, who is doing work in Utah writes me— ‘‘ ‘The world do move. and the Mormon Church moves, too, slowly and reluctantly, but moving. For several years, the young people of the church have rebelled against wearing the Temple garments, so baggy and uncomfortable. I have known dozens of young girls who have flatly re- fused to be married in the Temple because that ceremony necessitated the wearing of the despised ‘garments’. Last winter, here in Bountiful, the son of a Mormon bishop and the daughter of the most prominent Mormon family in town refused to be married in the Temple. The young woman said publicly that she would not wear the Temple garments. Now the Mormon Church could not afford to lose these young people, and the Temple rites are exceeding- ly profitable, so as Mohammed would not come to the mountain, the mountain has come to Mohammed. To One unacquainted with the Mormons and unaware of their strong conservatism, this may not seem important, but those of us here on the field realize that this is only one of the compromises that the church officials will be obliged to make. x * x “Complaints come from every section of the state that the Mormon religion is being taught in the schools and especially in the public high schools. “I attended the reception to a returned Mormon mis- sionary in Sandy not long ago and this is one of the stories that he told. ‘One Sunday afternoon, I was very hungry, but I did not know how to obtain food, for I was on a lonely road far from any house. All at once I looked down and there at my feet was a bundle. I opened it and there were three loaves of bread, still warm from the oven. They were wrapped in a towel. When I wrote to my wife of the occurrence, she told me that on that very afternoon she had baked bread and that three loaves had disappeared. When I came back from my mission, I brought the towel, and it was my wife's towel.’ During the evening I asked the Mormons with whom I talked if they believed his story. Most of them said with every evidence of sin- cerity that they did; several evaded the question; and four said that they did not believe it.” Who of my readers could accept this story? And yet it is just such things that hold the Mormon young people to their faith. Any Christian missionary who has labored in Utah, could duplicate this story with a similar one almost any day. Archaeology has advanced in the Americas to the point where it can definitely test and dismiss the claims of Mormonism. Joseph Smith, founder of the false cult, pre- sented a pretended new scripture, telling of two separate peoples who had inhabited this hemisphere and had reached a high culture. They had been led as was ancient Israel. The Savior had visited them and had taught them. They had made cities and had left records—according to Smith. And archaeology fails to uncover one evidence of the existence of any such peoples. TARIFF AND MILITARY POWER By ERNEST TURNER MASON Having admired many wonderful things in the wonder- ful Roosevelt family, I regret to find myself occasionally at variance with any one who bears the distinguished name. Particularly I have liked the Theodore Roosevelt who is now Secretary of the Navy after holding the place of Assistant Secretary which his distinguished father adorned more than a quarter of a century ago. But I am surprised and almost shocked to find him using as an argument in behalf of a large military power in this country, the need of our maintaining a protective tariff. Mr. Roosevelt is quoted—and the quotation is authentic—as having made the following remarks in his speech on Labor Day at the military reservation at Fort Hamilton during the joint celebration held by the United States Army and the Central Trades and Labor Council: In addition to the interest all have in preparedness from the standpoint of all the country, we have the highest standard of living for the working people of any other country in the world. We maintain this by keeping out peon labor. We main- tain it also by the tariff, which prevents our labor from going into competition with the cheap labor from other countries. Other countries do not like it. If we were unable to defend ourselves, if we had no army or navy, other countries would say to us to cut out the tariff and let in that cheap labor and the goods made by that cheap labor. If we had no defense we would have to do it. Then our laboring people would have to lower the standard of living, for our workmen would either have to come down to foreign standards or starve . I believe in a protective tariff. In a long lifetime one may claim to have heard most of the arguments in its behalf and to have learned to appreciate such as are sound. Only by the wildest stretch of imagination can it be as- sumed that protective tariff is in any sense dependent upon military power. Of course a stronger nation might come in and force any condition upon a weaker nation. But that is a general proposition and the protective tariff or any other domestic measure is not singular in the respect that it could be overthrown by a conqueror. To make a special plea in behalf of military preparedness in order to main- tain a high protective tariff and therefore maintain high wages, is rather stretching things for even such of us as are rock-ribbed in our protective faith. It is fair to say that Secretary Roosevelt stated that he wanted peace, and that having been to war with a lot of men who were his listeners, he did not want to see any more of that kind of conflict. And so far as this sentiment is con- cerned his statement was both clear and emphatic. But the fact remains that a wrongful trend is given to the thought of working people when it is assumed that military power is an essential factor in the maintenance of a high tariff to insure high wages. The right doctrine to teach to the working man is that every soldier with all his costly accoutrements, and every big gun, and every ship built for war, is carried on the back of labor. - - November, 1923 [Page Five] T EI E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N JABEZ SAYS - [E] King Victor Emmanuel of Italy wants to make Citizen Premier Mussolini into a duke. Oh, piffle! And the news is that Mussolini wants to become a duke. Oh, worse than piffle. - One can understand the petty plan of a petty king to tie so powerful a personage as Mussolini to the chariot of aristocracy. Experience has shown that many an am- bitious commoner, eager in the leadership of his fellows against vested privilege, has been brought over to sedate and safe complaisance by being touched upon the shoulders by a sword held in a royal hand. And probably Victor Emmanuel is not sufficiently conscious of the progress of this age to realize that the day is past when such a per- son, thus purchasable, could be of any value after the bar- gain and sale. So there is just this much of excuse for him; that he does not know any better. - But Mussolini This man broke through all the superimposed strata and dignities and privileges and titles and social compacts to overthrow an old regime; and he had a following which was both inspired by him and an in- spiration to him. What does such a person want with a dukedom? If he is after any unseemly excrescence, he ought to employ those skilled grafting surgeons over there to plant a car- buncle on the back of his neck. It would not be half as burdensome nor one-tenth as dangerous as a dukedom. Not the least of the commendable things about Presi- dent Harding and his successor, President Coolidge, is that each one of them has realized that it was possible for this country to get along without Congress in extraordinary session. The pressure upon Mr. Harding was an intense one. Get the Congress together immediately in order to pass certain desired legislation, cried out various blocs and in- terests, and partisans and politicians generally. And a simi- lar cry was raised almost immediately upon President Coolidge's induction into his responsible place as the head of the Government. And neither one of them paid any attention to the clamor. A lot of good sense in the White House when Harding was there, and fully as much good sense now that Coolidge is there! An average session of Congress consists of ninety per cent talk, and nine per cent voting that never carries any- thing of substantial value, and one per cent of real, whole- some legislation. The shorter the session the better the result. fewer the sessions the more helpful to the country. The One is not disposed to deride Congress. It is a glorious part of our system of government when it glorifies its own mission. We could not get along without it; but we can get along without it nine months in the year. The average taxpayer is quite content to see some mechanical restraints put upon Congress, even if that me- chanical restraint shall consist solely in keeping it out of session. When thirty thousand bills are introduced into one session, not one-tenth of which number can become law, and not one hundredth of which ought to become law—yet every one of them costing money to the public treasury—, the average citizen is glad to see a hard-hearted, hard- headed President who knows how to say no, when the partisan plotters come around demanding an extra chance for congressional buncombe and congressional dipping into the pork barrel. I like to look through the old newspapers of a quarter of a century ago just to see what the world was thinking and saying and doing in those far off times. Try it some day when you have a little leisure and you will be surprised to discover that you are almost in another world. The most interesting of the small things I came across recently was a story told at length in the newspapers of 1903 that the kaiser had just been buying another palace. Kaiser Wilhelm Second There was such a person at that time. It was told that he had more houses than any other ruler—fifty splendid palaces scattered over the face of Europe. In each he kept a great retinue of servants. Every place was constantly in order, so that he might find all his luxuries ready at hand at any hour day or night. His Ex- alted Grandeur could travel from the North Sea to the Mediterranean, and always lodge under his own roof with his own accustomed servants to dress and undress him and bow and scrape before his majesty—and call him the all-highest. - # * #: :}; :}; # There is a wretched old fellow named William Hohen- Zollern living in a very ordinary Dutch country house at Doorn. He hasn’t any other houses and couldn’t go to them if he did have them. And that’s that, as the new slang goes. And if anybody wants the moral pointed, it is that . when a man gets too many houses and too much power and too much luxury and too much arrogance; Providence sees to it that he takes a tumble. It was Hugo who said that Napoleon had come to such a place that he disturbed the equilibrium of God’s world, and God overthrew him in order to restore the balance. - [Page Sic] November, 1923 T EI E C E R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N The modern world, the modern Christian world, is be- coming worse than pagan in its exaltation of mere physical beauty. Probably there never was a time when feminine pulchritude especially could be so easily and so highly capitalized. On the screen, the stage, in all kinds of pub- licity and advertising projects and in beauty contests, it brings in to its possessor amazing—and appalling—returns. ::: :: :: :}; :}; % We think with pity and disgust of the slave markets of ancient Greece and Rome and of the Orient, where female slaves were dragged into the market-place to be exhibited and praised. They wouldn’t need to be dragged now. In our own country and our own day, every year, hundreds of young girls (evidently with parental approval or parental weak assent) eagerly compete in a rivalry of physical charms. Scantily attired, they parade themselves in public and run the gauntlet of curious and sensual eyes. They are weighed and measured and their points are calcu- lated as if they were slaves on the block—or pedigreed stock at a county fair. #: :: :}; * :}; #: Some one has played a mean trick on the contest win- ners though. He has originated the idea of their speaking in public or over the radio—and in most cases it will mean disillusionment for the hearers. Not that beauty and in- telligence may not sometimes be found in combination, but too often the possessor of physical loveliness deems it all- sufficient and fails to cultivate the graces of mind and heart that might win for her worthy and enduring ad- miration. Once I met a famous beauty and when she spoke one could but wish that she had had one physical defect – dumbness. There are a lot of jokes heard from the stage, or read in print of on the motion picture screen, that are wicked or stupid—but not funny. Here are a few of them : The irreverent joke which blasphemes Deity or pro- fanes religion. The joke which ridicules the Protestant minister (rab- bis and priests for some reason seem to be exempt). The joke on prohibition. The moss grown mother-in-law joke; it is flat, stale and unprofitable; its constant impact on the plastic public mind has caused many a young husband to start his married life with an unreasoning and unreasonable antagonism to- ward one who might be to him the best of friends. [E] AND MARTHA SAYS E. The tiresome, incessant, often vulgar joke on marriage. Let us hope that, in spite of many cases of unhappiness, there is still much cheerfulness in the average mar- riage. And let us contend that the institution of marriage is sacred and should not be assailed by cheap cynicism. Regarding this last item, I must express surprise at finding, sometimes even in the columns of our religious magazines, jokes on marriage, which seem altogether unsuited for such publications. Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler is said to have declared that the modern newspaper is a hasty and ill-advised affair with little to commend it. And Melville E. Stone, counsel for the Associated Press, in defense, says, “The modern newspaper is representative of the age. People no longer read Dickens, Thackeray, or Victor Hugo, but short stories— the shorter the better. In this country the newspapers speak the opinion of the community in order to be success- ful.” ‘‘ "Tis true 'tis pity; and pity is 'tis true” that nowa- days few people can concentrate on anything but “short stories—the shorter the better?” For a long time I have thought of the average American mind as a short-story. magazine mind, but have now dropped the comparison for the more vivid illustration of Jabez, that “the American mind is becoming a moving picture mind.” And now “newspapers speak the opinion of the com- munity.” Shades of Horace Greely, Charles Dana and Henry Watterson They spoke their own opinions. They were leaders, not parrots. “My bootlegger.” That is not an uncommon expres- sion among the high and mighty, the men who set the ex- ample to millions of others. They talk of “my bootlegger’’ just as they talk of “my tailor’’ or “my grocer.’’ - All their regard for law has been lost and with it has departed all sense of shame—swallowed up in the bestial pride of the expression, “my bootlegger.” And most of these men pose as respectable persons in Society. Most of them are, directly or indirectly, employers of others. Their course of life and their expression are observed by young men and women just at the imitative age. And these same fools, who say in their arrogant vanity “my bootlegger,” are often the ones to express wild indigna- tion when young people break the laws. The man who says “my bootlegger’’ is in large degree responsible for the young fellow who pushes an automatic revolver into the face of a paying teller at a bank and takes a handful of what he calls “my loot.” " - November, 1923 [Page Seven] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N º OUTLOOK || E AMERICAN NATVAL HIEROES It thrills the American heart to read in the English newspapers of that heroic dash made by the United States gunboat Destroyer 217 up Tokio Bay while the seas were still heaving with earthquake shock and tidal wave. The 217 was stationed at Yokohama. The waters of the bay from there to Tokio are shallow at the best, and the earthquake had imparted unknown dangers. But there were likely to be human creatures needing rescue at Tokio; and our Destroyer, against the voice of all the seamen at Yoko- hama, undertook the perilous passage. She succeeded and carried one load of refugees after another to safety. It is doubly gratifying to note that the English regard this as the outstanding act of heroism in that calamitous time. The English know what naval splendor is. And when they pay a tribute of praise we may well feel that it is deserved. RESISTLESS PUBLIC OPINION More powerful than the ambitions of Italy, more stern than the vengeance of Premier Mussolini, is public opinion in this world. In his unpardonable attack upon Corfu and the beginning of his dangerous plan to make of the Adriatic Sea an Italian lake, Mussolini counted upon the unwilling- ness of the other nations of Europe and the rest of the world, to concern themselves acutely with the strife between Italy and Greece. But he was challenged by such a front of determined opposition that he was compelled to retreat in fact if not in form. The Italian press says that he won a victory, but in reality he abandoned in large degree the plan of which this was the first step. The case did not even reach the League of Nations, because the Council of European Am- bassadors took charge of the matter before it could come in a formal way before the authority of the League itself. Not even this daring Italian adventurer cares to face a hostile public opinion that is world-wide. And herein we see a great curative agent for the ills of international misunderstanding and collision. The instantaneous com- munication which can be made around the world brings under immediate review all the activities of national leaders and in large degree exposes their purpose. The whole world outside of Italy voiced its disapproval of Mussolini’s action. And the whole world, thus speaking, can compel almost any righteous measure and overthrow almost any unrighteous measure which can now be undertaken between the nations. - It is a lesson which others than Mussolini Ought to learn that no nation is now to be allowed to commit rapine without rebuke—a rebuke so costly of its standing among its fellows that common prudence compels it to retreat. A THREAT OR A PROMISE “Safer than railway trains for the transportation of passengers.” That is the verdict passed by the great Ger- man aeronautical engineer, Anton Heinen, after watching the completion of the trial flight of the United States Navy's dirigible ZR-1, last September. Something must be allowed to the zeal of Expert Heinen, since he is an enthusiast in his art. But even deducting something for the credulity which is animated by his own professional pride, it appears that a significant thing has been done by our naval constructors. This ship is the Leviathan of the upper seas. She has a length of 680 feet and her diameter is 78 feet. She weighs, without her crew and her supplies, more than thirty-seven tons. She can rise speedily to a height of eight thousand or ten thousand feet—she really attained seven thousand feet in her trial trip—and with choked engines she can move at more than sixty miles an hour. While our naval constructors were building the ZR-1 in this country, German builders were at work at Friedrichs- hafen, making for us a dirigible called a reparation ship which was acquired under treaty arrangement; and they expect to excel ZR-1. If this vessel shall fulfill expectations and reach this country for service, our navy will be as well prepared with this particular type of air vessel as any other in the world. Quite naturally naval men are thinking of such ships in terms of their utility in war. The rest of us may com- fort ourselves with an estimate of their value as peaceful carriers. It may be a long time before the dirigible or any other form of air vessel can displace the railway train or even the automobile. But the magnificent trip of ZR-1 demonstrates that for special uses, the making of long and rapid journeys without discomfort and now with constantly lessening danger, the airship has come to be of real service in human transportation. In the rejoicing which most of us felt in this triumph by our naval constructors, there was one ominous intrusion. A commentator, one of the world’s naval experts, said that a ship like ZR-1, painted smoke color and at an altitude of ten thousand feet, would be practically invisible; that she could come over any city of the world with hostile purpose, and rain down enough poison gas to kill all the population within an hour. If we think of ZR-1 and her companion ships in terms of peace, they are inspiring to cheerful thought. But when a naval man describes them in terms of war, the thought of their existence and their efficiency is one of super-frightfulness. - [Page Eight] November, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N A POOR SPORT In Oklahoma’s “civil war” one fact has at last come into the clear. “Iron” Jack Walton, the freak Governor, does not want to be investigated. Before the special election of October first, to provide a legal method for a legislative session at which impeach- ment proceedings could be brought against him, Governor Walton gave the country to understand that he would abide the issue of that election. When the vote was shown to be overwhelmingly in favor of impeachment, Walton resorted to subterfuge and technicality to prevent the execution of popular mandate. Governor Walton is not even a good sport. BELATED REPUDIATION The very elaborate repudiation, made by the United Mine Workers, of the Russian Red propaganda in the United States is an unduly belated thing. To quote Dr. Johnson: “Had it been early, it had been kind.” But, further to paraphrase Dr. Johnson, it has been delayed until the Russian Red propaganda and the influence it has had upon the miners, is thoroughly well known. However, no one ought to be ill-natured in resentment; and everyone ought to be willing to accept at 100 per cent of its face this repudiation, provided the United Mine Workers of America shall follow the verbal denunciation by the fact of stern opposition to any of this Bolshevistic boring from within the labor unions. The worst enemies of labor are the super-radical leaders of labor. In most instances their object has been mur- derous and greedy, and they have used the sincere and honest mass of labor as the destructive force against the very institutions of society which were most precious to labor and the laborers. To affright or discourage capital has been the aim of the radical leader; and in effectuating this aim he has blown up the, opportunities for honest labor and blown up the prices which honest labor had to pay for its sustenance, while he has been blowing up the buildings constructed by a combination of both capital and labor. And he has been highly paid by labor itself for his sin against labor interests. The whole plan, as brought out in evidence, has been so senseless that one marvels at the credulity of the working man who could allow himself to be led into the belief that -—by paying extravagant dues to venal anarchists—they would reveal a way to dynamite him into health and hap- piness and leisure and manly independence. We shall look with the eye of faith to see the fulfill- ment of the implied promise made by the United Mine Workers of America to dispossess, to deport, to outlaw, and to ban forever from their ranks those proponents of the Russian Red propaganda who have come to this nation of free men and have sought to turn the peace and the right- eous liberty of laboring people into a mad and bloody revolution. STRIKING THEM BLIND If fathers and mothers of Denver and other cities do not cut out drinking booze, gambling in their homes, indulging in other forms of carousal and start to set an example of decent living for their sons and daughters to follow, God pity the coun- try when the next generation takes hold of affairs. The famous Jim Goodheart, City Chaplain and Wel- fare Director in Denver, made that ominous statement through the newspapers last September. At the same time he produced a memorandum showing that forty-one young people, under twenty-one years of age, had gone blind in Denver during the preceding year from drinking moonshine liquor. It is not to be assumed that Rev. James Goodheart, evangelist and philanthropist, has exaggerated the awful case in his own city. And unhappily it is not to be as- sumed that Denver is any worse than other cities in the country, so far as we can learn from social observers. Chaplain Goodheart places the responsibility exactly where it belongs—upon the older generation. If men and women of pretended respectability violate the law, young people will imitate their example. If older people moving in society flout at religion and at old-fashion- ed standards of morality, young people will do the same thing. If public officials wink at infractions, boys and girls will study how to break the statutes and how to escape earthly consequences. And if the whole social movement is divested of its religion, the individual unit among the youth will feel that religion, with its attendant morals, is unnecessary in a robust life. Forty-one boys and girls in one city have been struck with physical blindness by drinking moonshine liquor, because they chose to follow the prevailing practice among older people. Think of the hundreds who have been struck with intellectual and spiritual blindness in the same period be- cause of the fashion of irreligion' PEACE NOW TO IRELAND The Irish Free State is in the League of Nations. On the 10th of September, 1923, the delegation com- posed of President Cosgrave, John McNeill and Desmond Fitzgerald appeared before the assembly of the League at Geneva and asked that their nation be recognized. By unanimous vote the assembly granted the admission and called President Cosgrave of the Irish Free State to the platform. His first words were: “In the name of God! To this assembly life and health ! We have found welcome and generosity from you all. We thank you, and we pray that our peace and friendship may be lasting.” And now that the Irish Free State has taken her place among the nations of the earth, is not the condition ful- filled under which Robert Emmet wanted his epitaph to be written ? Peace now to Ireland, and Freedom November, 1923 [Page Nine] T H E C H R T S T I A N S T A T E S M A N ~ PRIZE FIGHTING ETHICS If the fool notion that prize fighting promotes real sportsmanship and chivalrous courage and square dealing among men had ever needed exploding, the aftermath of the Dempsey-Firpo fight of last September would have furnished sufficient dynamite. - Bear in mind that all sorts of people, from some mis- placed preachers in their pulpits up or down to the sports writers in the newspapers, have been telling what a splendid incentive prize fighting is to real manliness. Of course they call it boxing, but they mean prize fighting. Let us ex- amine the authentic review of the recent brutality and see if we can find any sportsmanship or any square dealing or anything else that is characteristic of real manliness. An Associated Press dispatch came from New York on the 19th day of September stating that Chairman Muldoon of the New York Boxing Commission admitted that, if Firpo's seconds had called a foul, the State Boxing Com- mission would have recognized the claim and would have reversed the decision of the referee and granted the vic- tory to Firpo. The poor brute from Argentine, Luis Angel Firpo, was ignorant of ring rules; and the person who acted as his second at the fight was one of his own countrymen who did not know American ways and who could not under- stand English. According to this Associated Press report, Dempsey struck Firpo several times after the call of time; he dis- regarded the referee's instructions as to retreating to a neutral corner during a knock-out count; and under any strict rule he lost the fight on a foul when he was assisted back to the ring by reporters after being knocked through the ropes by Firpo during the first round. Finally, Referee Gallagher neglected to start the count against Dempsey until after he had been put back into the ring. And Chairman Muldoon of the New York State Boxing Commission, the sole custodian of this great scheme for teaching sportsmanship and fair dealing to American youth, says that if Firpo and his second had only known enough to make a complaint, the State Boxing Commission would have allowed the claim and would have declared that Firpo was the winner. According to that theory, if a policeman sees a pickpocket stealing a purse, he must keep still about it in the spirit of true sportsmanship and manliness—telling the victim afterward that if the victim had only known his purse was being stolen and had made a complaint the thief would have been arrested and the property restored. When they find out the truth down in Argentine, they will have a high respect for the ethics which prevail in the United States among the sporting fraternity. Out upon all this nonsense! Prize fighting does not teach true sportsmanship nor manliness nor square dealing. It teaches brutality and greed and trickery of the basest sort. And the official evidence of that fact is in the shame- ful attitude exhibited by the New York Boxing Commission which had complete authority over the Dempsey-Firpo fight and allowed a victory to be stolen away from the winner because of his ignorance. And if any one doubts the shamefulness of the trans- action, and if he is sufficiently interested to look up the record, let him examine the Associated Press reports which went out from New York September 19, 1923, and were published on the sporting pages of important newspapers. MOVING FOR THE WORLD COURT The Commission on International Justice and Good Will of the Federal Council, in co-operation with the American Council of World Alliance for International Friendship, proposes that there shall be held during the week of November 5-10, preceding Armistice Day, a series of meetings by all Christian and civic organizations, to sup- port the proposal for American participation in the World Court. Also it urges that, during this same period, individual citizens shall write their views to the senators for their states, urging our country to carry out the proposal made by President Harding for American membership in that Permanent Court of International Justice. This movement stands entirely by itself; and thus standing it does not seem possible that there can be any sincere and intelligent opposition. And yet some of the “bitter enders’’ against the League have so muddled the issue that a great many organizations and a great many individuals might have hesitated about participating in the work, except for the clear exposition which the Federal Council has made of the cause and which it is here at- tempted to repeat and carry on. - The Permanent Court of International Justice has been fully described in this magazine. The idea was of American origin. Our own Elihu Root, more than any other one man in the world, is to be credited with the concept and with its execution. The Court is patterned after the Supreme Court of the United States in its character; and its mem- bership is commensurate with the splendor of its purposes. The United States has nothing to fear, but everything of good to promote and achieve in being represented upon that bench by its own responsible and selected judge. An Amer- ican is there at the present time, but only through the grace of the Court itself. Our part ought to be an author- itative one. And the way to take our proper place is to have the protocol, which was urged by President Harding, adopted by the Senate of the United States. To this end, every agency of Christian and patriotic character and every individual who senses the magnitude of this cause, ought to devote some part of the week, Novem- ber 5-10 to organized and individual urging upon the Senate to take the necessary action. This will be the best celebration of Armistice Day that the American people can make. [Page Ten] November, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N The Ultimate Source of Civil Government By W. T. WISHART [Abstract of address delivered before the Consultation Conference of Christian Citizens, at Winona Lake, Ind., July 2, 1923.] The philosophy of civil government is a theme in which one is very liable to get into water quite beyond his depth. It raises at once a question about the ultimate source of the authority exercised by a nation through its govern- ment. And most of us are not philosophers and have but little taste for tracing things back to original sources. The question is however a most important one. For, in Some Vague Way, most people have a certain theory as to the nature of civil government; and that theory — whether true or false—is very likely to affect in a serious way their attitude toward civil authority. It is more than worth while there- fore, to consider the whole mat- ter very thoughtfully. What is the source of civil authority? Here is a political organism called a nation. It exercises sovereignty. It wields authority over the property and the welfare and the conduct and the very lives of its citizens. Whence comes this author- ity? Various theories have been proposed in answer to that question. - THE PATRIARCHAL THEORY This theory declares that the authority of government is really the authority of the father over his child. The father has a certain sovereign- ty over the children in the authority over his child is limited and not absolute. And supposing a man had, by virtue of the paternal relationship, absolute authority over his children, this would not give him the right to rule other people who are not in a filial relationship to him. Only a creator has complete and absolute right over that which he has created. And a father is the generator, not the creator, of his children. So the Patriarchal Theory gives us no light as to the ulti- mate source of civil authority. THE SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY This theory was first form- ulated by the English nation- alist, Thomas Hobbes. His idea was that men growing weary of a state of nature where there was no social organization and no law, where there was pure individualism and every man’s hand was against his fellow, agree together that they will submit to one of their number as their leader or king, that they will commit to him certain of their rights to be exercised for their own protection and Welfare. - This theory was more fully worked out by Rousseau, the French infidel and radical. In 1762 he published his “Con- trat Social,” in which he very fully expounded the Social Con- home. This grows out of the paternal relationship. And some have concluded that civil au- thority is only a sort of de- velopment or expansion of this right of the father to control his child. This theory explains the origin of government in fact, for the primary forms of social organization grew out of the family, and then the tribe. So, as a matter of fact, govern- ment was a development of the family and tribal organization. But this theory is no explanation of the ultimate source of the authority exercised by civil government. For the parent’s authority over the child is not ultimate or complete. The very early Roman law did affirm that the father had the right to put his child to death, as well as his slave. But that view was quickly modified. The parent’s REv. W. I. WISHART, Eighth United Presbyteriam Church, Pittsburgh, Pa. tract Theory. This book be- came a sort of a Bible to the radicals who organized the French Revolution. Rous- seau thinks of men as being in a state of nature and becom- ing weary of the constant struggle and warfare growing out of this individualistic condition; he represents that they came together in convention and entered into contract, “each with all and all with each,” agreeing to contribute their in- dividual rights and authority to the whole to be exercised for the common welfare. This book was widely read and the theory was very popular at the time the Declaration of Independence was written. Many historians believe that Thomas Jefferson had this theory in the back of his mind when he wrote that phrase affirming that ‘‘governments de- rive their just powers from the consent of the governed.” º November, 1923 [Page Eleven] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Of course there is, as will presently appear, a sense in which that statement is true. But if Thomas Jefferson meant that the powers or authority exercised by government comes from the governed through their agreement or consent, then the phrase cannot be justified. The individuals govern- ed are not the source from which government gets its powers. They do not possess the powers exercised by government and therefore could not contribute them to it. No individual or voluntary group of individuals has the “right of eminent domain,” has the right to assess taxes upon other indi- viduals, has authority to command the military service or the very lives of other individuals. Only that political entity which God in His providence has created and estab- lished as a nation, can exercise these rights. As the indi- vidual does not possess them, he could not contribute them to the whole. So that the notion that the powers of government are derived from the governed as the ultimate source, breaks down when the essential test is applied. The impossibility and absurdity of this atheistic theory appear also when it is remembered that there is no slightest hint of men having ever been in such a state of nature as the theory presupposes. Even if we go so far as that violent supposition that men have ascended from some race of apes or monkeys, yet a certain measure of organization and authority seems to prevail among these animals. Kip- ling writes most interestingly about the “law of the jungle.” There is nothing to indicate that such a state of nature ever existed. And there is certainly no hint of a time when a lot of wild and painted savages came together in convention and entered into contract with each other to set up civil government. The whole Social Contract Theory is quite impossible and absurd. And yet it has had a profound influence upon the thinking of many of our publicists. The “right of seces- sion” which was advocated by the Southern States prior to the Civil War was largely a development of the Social Contract Theory or the “consent of the governed” idea of the origin of civil authority. But a little serious reflection shows that all government will break down if its powers derive wholly from the governed through their consent. If you propose to hang me, I shall withhold my consent and withdraw from the compact into which I have voluntarily entered. THE DEMOCRATIC THEORY This theory is all right as far as it goes. The trouble is that it does not go far enough. It affirms that sovereignty is vested in the people collectively, or rather belongs to them, without attempting to show how the people collectively come to possess such rights and powers. This is the theory that exalts the people. Its motto is in the familiar words— “vox populi, vox dei.” It assumes that “We, the people’’’ have, by reason of the fact that we are associated together as a national unit, powers and rights and sovereignties which we do not have as a mere collection or group of individuals. All of which is so far true. But philosophy insists still on asking the question: Whence come these powers to the people collectively? How do they come to be possessed of Such powers when they are associated together in the form of a nation? These questions the theory of pure democracy does not offer to answer. And when there is no great sover- eign authority back of or above the people, then the rule of the people is likely to be as uncertain and perilous as the absolutism of a kaiser or a czar. Witness the social despotism of the Soviets in Russia. Witness the horrible cruelties wrought by the people in the French Revolution. So we affirm that the theory which finds the ultimate Source of civil authority in the people collectively is en- tirely unsatisfactory. THE DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS This theory acknowledges that God, the Creator and providential Ruler of this world, is the source of civil authority, but declares that He vests it in a certain indi- vidual or family or dynasty, and commissions them to rule over their subjects. The correlate of this is the old notion that “the king can do no wrong.” He is the commissioned representative of God, and is authorized to wield God’s authority over the property and the lives of men. This theory was the pet idea of James I. : William Hohenzollern also took very kindly to this idea, and seemed to be greatly grieved that the peoples of the allied democ- racies did not recognize that he and God were managing human affairs. However, the theory of the Divine Right of Kings got a very rude shock when old Oliver Cromwell cut off the head of Charles I., and since Cromwell's day the theory has been limping and staggering painfully. Modifying the words of Gail Hamilton when she said that “the right of secession was shot to death by the million guns of the Re- public,” we may say that the Divine Right of Kings was shot to death by the ten million guns of the allied democ- racies of the world in the Great War of 1914-1918. Lastly we reach what we believe to contain the true answer as to the source of civil government. THE CHRISTIAN THEORY This is the theory that civil authority has its ultimate source in God. By virtue of the fact that He is the Creator of the world and of men and of nations, that He is the sovereign Ruler over all, having absolute right in that which He Himself has created, God Himself is the only One from whom the powers exercised by civil government could come. He is the only One who possessed them. “The powers that be are ordained of God.” “By Me kings reign and princes decree justice.’’ ‘‘Give the King Thy judgments, O God, and Thy righteousness unto the king’s son. He will judge Thy people with righteousness and Thy poor with justice.” The psalmists and the old Hebrew prophets, those great interpreters of God and His ways with men, recognized that God alone is the source of civil authority. But this authority from God is committed to the people, to the State, to the body politic, to that political organism which we call the nation. The Democratic Theory is cor- rect in saying that the power is vested in the people col- [Page Twelve] November, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N lectively. But it is necessary to go the further step and say that the power issues from God and is committed to the nation. It follows therefore that rulers have a double re- sponsibility, to God from whom the authority comes, and to the people through whose consent the authority comes into their hands. - Now this theory implies that the State is an organism which has the essential elements of personality. For we reason that God would not commit such tremendous powers as those exercised by civil government to an impersonal thing. Such a notion is quite unthinkable. Of course we cannot define the nation as a moral person in the very same terms in which we define the personality of an indi- vidual. But there is a very definite sense in which we can say that the State as a political organism, has the three elements of personality—intelligence, conscience, and will. Public opinion is a very definite thing indicating that the State has intelligence. And unquestionably there is a col- lective conscience, a general moral sense, a power by which the nation, as such, discriminates between right and wrong and insists that the one ought to be done and the other ought to be avoided. And the nation has a will, a decision, a choice, a power of executing its decision, the sovereign right to act in accordance with its own intelligence and conscience. That the nation is thus a moral personality is affirmed in many ways. The Bible constantly speaks of nations as moral beings that are to be judged for their acts and punished for their failures and wrongs. The poets, those instinctive interpreters of human thought and relationships, are constantly assuming the moral personality of nations. Think of Kipling’s “Recessional,” of Lowell’s “The Crisis,” of the “Battle Hymn of the Republic,” and of scores of other great poems. This instinctive recognition of moral personality is also found in our habit of personifying a nation, calling our country “Uncle Sam” or Great Britain “John Bull.” These are only a few of the considerations which con- firm the view that a nation is a moral personality, responsible to God for the way it uses the sacred trust of civil authority which God has committed to it. It seems to me that a very necessary conclusion fol- lows from all this. If God as the moral Governor of the universe is the source of civil authority, and if the nation is a moral personality capable of receiving that committment and responsible for the way it is used, then the State ought to acknowledge God as the source of its power and ought to accept His law, revealed in the Bible, as the law of its action within its own sphere. I do not see how such a conclusion can be avoided. It seems to me that the funda- mental contention of The National Reform Association is most logical and necessary. The nation itself ought to be religious. Altogether apart from the Church, which is a distinct and separate divine institution, quite apart from the Church, the nation ought for itself to have relations to God, ought to recognize Him and to be obedient to His law. We do not believe in the union of Church and State. They are separate and distinct, and should always be kept so. Religion for the State consists in acknowledging that Mediatorial King from whom its authority has come, and in accepting His Word as its rule of action within the civil sphere. That the nation should make such acknowledgment of Christ as the source of its authority, and His Word as the rule of its action within its own sphere, the following would seem to be good reasons. This acknowledgment is needed– First, that the nation may get right with itself. The profession should correspond with the life. The formal declarations of the nation should be in harmony with its real practice and belief. Now this country is a Christian nation in fact, and has been a Christian nation historically. It was founded in a Christian compact. In a score of ways this Nation has re- cognized Christianity as being the inspiration of our history and the virtual law of the land. We cannot stop to enumer- ate all the things which indicate that the United States of America is essentially a Christian nation, so we cite here only the direct assertion “This is a Christian nation,” of the Supreme Court itself. But the Constitution is supposed to be the Nation’s declaration of its most fundamental beliefs. Strangely enough that document is silent about God and His Word and the relation we should have to Him. The Nation ought to amend the Constitution so as to make its public profession correspond with the facts of its life and history. The old illustration needs to be reversed. It is not a question of bringing the regiment up to the flag but of bringing the flag up to the front line of the regiment. Second, that our moral system may be defined. A nation ought to declare in its fundamental law what System of morals it follows and would have taught to its citizens, whether the Confucian system, or the Mohammedan System, or the rationalism taught by some under the name of ethics, or the Christian system as embodied in the Bible. It is vitally important that a nation have such a matter as this very clearly defined, that it teach through its schools that system of morals which it has accepted as its standard. Daniel Webster declared, “The right to punish crime in- volves the duty of teaching morals.” Surely every one will agree to that statement. - - But our country is in a confused state in this regard. We have no declaration in the Constitution which shows that the Nation has accepted the Christian standard of morals. In one state the reading of the Bible in the public schools is required; in another it is forbidden. Widely differing conditions of divorce prevail, some states following the Christian ethic in this matter and others seeming to have something more nearly like the Mohammedan system. By making such acknowledgment as has been mentioned the Nation would fix for itself the Christian standard of morals. - - November, 1923 [Page Thirteen] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Third, that national disaster may be averted. It is not safe either for an individual or for a nation to disregard God and His law. The greatest peril of a nation lies, not in any threat of attack from without, but in Godlessness within. For its own preservation the Nation ought to get right with God and humbly seek to do His will. James Bryce in his “American Commonwealth’’ says ‘‘The more democratic republics become; the more the masses grow conscious of their own power, the more do they need to learn reverence and self-control, and the more essential to their well-being are those sources whence reverence and self- control flow.” The cultivation of reverence and self-control in the individual citizen can be greatly stimulated by the Nation itself taking an attitude of reverence toward God. I am no alarmist, indeed I am an optimist regarding the future of our country. But let us not forget that the mightiest nations have been brought down in confusion and disaster when they have refused to heed the voice of God. Macaulay pictured a day of judgment for his country when some New Zealander might be seen sitting on the broken arches of London bridge, painting the ruins of St. Paul's. And that warning which Macaulay expressed so forcefully is made still more emphatic in the majestic music of Kip- ling’s “Recessional.” So in order to avert disaster, to avoid the rocks where other nations have struck and gone down, our Nation should acknowledge the Mediatorial King and accept His Word as the law of the land. Fourth, Jesus Christ deserves the honor. It was the Father’s thought that He who had gone down into such deep humiliation should be highly honored and exalted, that every knee should bow before Him and every tongue make confession of His name. And the Lord has bestowed immeasurable blessings upon our country. Surely it is fitting that this Nation above all others should acknowledge Him from Whom it gets its life and authority and prosperity. TWO PUBLIC SERVANTS By JAMES ELLINGTON MASON It is not a malignant glee, but it is a glee neverthe- less, which I take in observing the anxious antics of the politicians who are now compelled to consider Calvin Cool- idge and Gifford Pinchot. The old-time machine politician, who still is in evidence at the national capital and at most of the state capitals, insists that Mr. Coolidge is deep and dark and cunning and astute; and that he is secretly building a machine to insure his own nomination and election to the Presidency— that every move he makes is dictated by this one sole pur- pose and ambition. And the same sort of an old-time machine politician takes the same kind of a view of Gif- ford Pinchot. It does not occur to the “practical politician’’ that some men can become so exalted in their devotion to public service that they perform their duty with no calculation further training toward standard certification, concerning self. That kind of patriotism abides in an at- mosphere far beyond the breathing powers of the machine politician. He would perish at such altitudes. As I observe these two men it seems that we have found in them a recurrence to the old and splendid type of American citizenship in office. Both of these men dis- dain the usual methods of political aspirants. They do not seem to be seeking popularity at all. Both of them remind me of what an old-time statesman remarked to a sordid political opponent. That opponent said: “I know what your ambition is: You want to be United States Senator.” And the statesman retorted: “You are incapable of knowing my ambition. My aspiration is not to be a senator of the United States but to Deserve to be one.’’ Both Coolidge and Pinchot seem to have that kind of feeling. Neither one of them seems to be aspiring to the Presidency; but both of them are seeking to deserve the Presidency. PENNSYLVANIA FAVORS THE BIBLE By MCLEOD M. PEARCE “The Bible in the Public Schools” has for many years been a slogan of those who desire the complete Christianiza- tion of our country. Pennsylvania is one of the common- wealths that does honor to its Lord and itself by requiring the public school teacher to read each day a passage of Scripture to her pupils. Now the Department of Education has given evidence that it desires to carry out the principle that lies behind the law. The state is demanding increased educational attainments on the part of her teachers, and many of them are spending their summer days and winter evenings fulfilling the requirements. The question arose last year whether the study of the Bible should be given credit as in part satisfying these requirements. The mat- ter is of considerable importance to Geneva College, which makes eight credits in Bible one prerequisite to graduation. Recently the Professor of Bible went to Harrisburg to get the exact status on the issue and to offer arguments, if these were needed, for the inclusion of such work. He was most courteously received by Dr. Rowland, who has charge of such matters, and the splendid letter that follows records the results of the interview : Pursuant to our conversation of today, it gives me pleasure to inform you that this Department will accept courses in Bible History as history, and courses in Bible literature as literature, in the certification of college graduates with the col- lege provisional certificate, and— In the cases of elementary school teachers who are taking any courses in Bible which are accepted by the college will be accepted by this Department within the limit of the twenty-five semester hours of work of general education permitted in the require- ments for this form of certificate. Dr. Rowland spoke highly of the work of Geneva Col- lege and expressed his great regret at the death of Dr. Harry Wylie, whom he considers to have been one of the greatest educators in Western Pennsylvania. [Page Fourteen] November, 1923 T EI E C E R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N minimum winninius 3. º ... -- - EDITORIAL WHERE ARE WE GOING TONIGHT2 “Where are we going tonight?” Many American homes are motivated by that inquiry. When father gets through dinner, he asks: ‘‘Where are we going tonight?” - - Before mother gets through the evening work she wants to know: “Where are we going tonight?” If son is past eighteen he does not ask at home, because he has already asked his boy and girl companions: “Where are we going tonight?” If daughter is beyond sixteen, she and her escort or her girl friends have all answered to their own con- clusive satisfaction and without any authority of review by parent or guardian : ‘‘Where are we going tonight?” And if this keeps on, the first speech of the babe after it is weaned will be: “Where are we going tonight?” Any careful observer can tell where that kind of a home is going—perhaps not tonight but after a succession of feverish nights. And any student of history can tell where the country is going eventually which is made up of that kind of homes. “Where are we going tonight?” Mostly toward the pit. AMERICA’S PART IN THE SHAME American citizens have been indignant, and they Sup- posed there was ample justification for their feeling, because of the rum running, bootlegging, smuggling relation of British commercial interests and shipowners, to the whisky business. Whenever a British ship has been laden with whisky at any British port and sent across the Atlantic for the purpose of getting its contraband stuff into this coun- try in violation of our laws, there has been a distinct vio- lation of all the ethics and amenities of international obli- gation. The shamelessness of recent advertisements by British speculators, brokers, whisky dealers and shipping interests, has been almost without a parallel in any pre- ceding time of peaceful relation between the two countries. But it now appears that our country itself has been a greater sinner in this respect. According to the Phila- delphia North American, a newspaper which stands de- servedly high as a journal using care and integrity in its search for facts and in their promulgation, a considerable portion of the liquors captured from smugglers in American waters, consists of domestic products which were released from distilleries and warehouses by orders of the depart- ments of Washington, ostensibly for legitimate export pur- poses. Instead of being so used, these vast stores were merely sent by truck and rail and boat to sea-going vessels, and there transferred to be brought into the country by domestic smugglers. To add to our own part of the shame there is the in- evitable inference that there must have been official know- ledge of and almost official connivance in this transaction. Before we make an international issue of Great Britain's unwise, immoral, and dangerously provocative activity in sending whisky across the Atlantic to be de- livered to smugglers off shore; let us begin a determined rectification of the larger part of the wrong which is per- petrated by American citizens, with official knowledge and almost—if not quite—with official connivance. ONLY FIFTY THOUSAND Recent writers on Russian matters have modified the original estimates of executions made by the Cheka, the ap- pointed assassin for the Soviet government. In the effort to stay any attempt at counter-revolution this Cheka was organized to administer speedy punishment. Its ruthlessness has been proved, and the reign of terror which was established is also beyond question; but the number of the people actually put to death, appears to have been exaggerated. Friendly writers, seeking to explain the present Rus- sian situation, quite exultantly tell that only 50,000 peo- ple were put to death by the Cheka! If that be a correct modification and if it be a real reason for exultation, one must pause in amazement when he contemplates what the Soviet government would really have called a wholesale massacre. We do not accept these modified figures any more than We accepted, fully, the wild and probably exaggerated stories of indiscriminate murder which for a time emanated from Russia. If the Cheka now admits 50,000 executions under the bloody orders which were issueed by Lenin and Trotzky, it is probable that the number can be doubled and even quad- rupled if one wished to reach the facts, just as it was prob- ably correct to estimate the reported million of executions at less than one-fourth of that number. But whether 50,000 or 250,000, the fact remains that this so called government of liberty slaughtered, without a hearing, many many thousands of helpless Russian people. Dictatorship usually acts that way when it supplants government and seeks to maintain itself by force of arms. And communism, in this case, has demonstrated that it is just as bloody and as cruel as imperial tyranny. November, 1923 [Page Fifteen] ºf H H C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N OUR SATIRE ON THE LEAGUE The Italians are satirizing the United States for ex- pressing opinions about what the League ought to have done in the case of Mussolini’s seizure of Corfu. They say that as we were not in the League, it was none of our concern. They say that if a controversy ex- isted between two members of that body, the United States should have been the last one to suggest intervention by the League itself. The satire is pointedly and correctly applied; and yet something grows out of the discussion in the United States concerning League authority in a matter of this kind. It must be evident to any fair-minded person that if Italy had not receded, this was a case for intervention and decision. It must therefore be equally evident to any intelligent mind that when two nations of the earth can, at almost any hour, come into such dangerous contact with rival interests, the super-power of the League—expressive of the highest pub- lic opinion in international relations—is essential as a resolvent. Standing off as we do, apparently out of the imbroglio of European difficulties and with no visible danger to our own sovereignty, some of us may be assuming that the United States can never have need of the power or in- fluence of the League. The unhappy element in such an opinion is, that if some tremendous unexpected movement should vitally affect the United States, it might then be too late for us to supplicate for the intervention of the League which we had rejected. FORD AND THE PRESIDENCY Someone wants to know, and he is very anxious for immediate information, whether THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN supports Henry Ford for nomination to the Presidency. Certainly not. THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN does not support any one candidate for nomination as against any other candidate. But this magazine does support in his high office the Presi- dent of the United States whether he be Democrat or Re- publican, so long as he is seeking divine guidance and is working for the public weal. In all its years of history THE CHRISTIAN STATES MAN has never known a President who did not prayerfully ask for help from the Divine Ruler. It has never known a President who did not self-sacrificingly and yearningly labor for the best interests of the United States. But all this might be too general to please our SOme- what excited correspondent. He wants more specific infor- mation concerning our attitude toward Henry Ford. Mr. Ford is a genius. He has shown that a man possessing mechanical skill may also have a marvelous busi- ness insight and an equally marvelous business outreach. We do not know whether he would be an efficient Presi- dent of the United States or not. We doubt that he is seeking any such place. It is reported, upon what seems to be good authority, that he has said he is not a candidate and that he couldn’t be induced to become a candidate unless a crisis should arise demanding his services. In our judgment, no such crisis as would be contemplated by any reasonable interpretation of this statement, is likely to arise in the near future. Henry Ford is doing one man’s work in the world and a kind of work never heretofore performed by an in- dustrial leader. Most of his achievement is good. His fair-dealing toward the workingman has set an example whose effects have spread all through the country. His demonstration of efficiency has been an enlightenment to more experienced operators and financiers. But we are not yet fully convinced that the methods adopted by him in standardization of work are really the best thing for the individual. This is a machine age; and some of us see a great danger to human creatures in making machines of them. In most of the Ford plants one man does one par- ticular thing continuously through his hours of service. This is not likely to develop human character. It is true that Mr. Ford’s plan is to give ample hours of relaxation and Opportunities for instruction and culture. But the fact remains that during their hours of toil in his works, most of his men are like the cogs in an iron wheel. Our correspondent may say that all this has nothing to do with his inquiry about the Presidency. We have ex- tended the answer in order to give to him our view of Mr. Ford as a leader and as a business man. If by any chance Mr. Ford should be called to the Presidency, an event which is as little likely as almost anything that is within the political possibilities, THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN would give to him the same kind of support that it has always given to the occupant of that high place. We would endeavor to uphold his hands in all righteousness. THE GROWING CAUSE In April, 1924, a Christian Citizenship Conference will be held at Birmingham, England. A distinguished body of British citizens are coming together in the view that the preservation of institutions among men is dependent upon a submission of institutional life to the Gospel of the Lord, Jesus Christ. This is National Reform Association doctrine and has been from the beginning. Until the nations become His disciples; and until the Organizations of society submit to His laws, there will always be war and contention and injustice. The great remedy for the ills of today is to bring all life, individual and institutional, under the rule of our Lord. And this Christian Citizenship Conference for Great Britain and such other nations as shall be represented, is to be a great council of wisdom for the making of plans to fulfill Our Lord’s command. Full information can be procured by addressing Mal- colm Spencer, Esq., Conference Office, 92 St. Georges Square, London, S. W. [Page Siacteen] November, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N GERMAN NATIONALS PROTECTED Germany has won her first case before the Court of International Justice which holds its sessions at The Hague. Certain Prussian citizens went into Poland during the occupancy by the German forces and there acquired titles to lands by purchase or other negotiation. When Poland set up her own government she assumed the right to seize the property of German nationals and to restore the lands to the Polish Government or to Polish private ownership. Against this the German settlers protested. In their behalf the claim was made that Poland did not acquire title to this territory until after the Treaty of Versailles and that the German occupancy had preceded this high con- vention. The Court of International Justice so held. And the German nationals who had acquired rights in Poland pre- vious to the Treaty of Versailles, will be protected in all their possessions. The conclusion is not only a triumph for Germany in this acute controversy but it establishes a point which will be of value all over the world. There were many changes during the period of the war, under which nationals of various countries entered upon territory which since has been redistributed or realigned. And the Court's decision is applicable to all these. Any legitimate right acquired by any national during the period of the war in any country is not to be disturbed. - The rights of minorities are to be guarded—except they be those of Armenian Christians in Turkey. But that is another story. A CASE IN POINT Every day is filled with demonstrations that a uni- form marriage and divorce law is essential for the social safety of this Republic. More and more the thinking people are giving their support to the movement which The National Reform Asso ciation and THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN are carrying for- ward at Washington for an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which shall permit Congress to legis- late upon this vital question. Our correspondents send to us innumerable illustra- tions of the defects, the sin, the sorrow, which attend upon the loose administration of the varied laws in the forty- eight states. Here is the latest and most poignant One which comes to our notice: - A New York man deserted his wife and two little children and fled to Texas. There he engaged in business and was prospered. Then, having an inclination for some other marital union, he sued for divorce in Texas courts on the ground that his wife had abandoned him. His case presented the legally flawless but morally false plea that she would not come to Texas to the home which he had provided for her. In point of fact, the poor woman hadn’t the money with which to take herself and her children to Texas. So the sinful husband is likely to be set free by the Texas courts, divested of all responsibility to the aban- doned wife and children, and endowed with legal qualifica- tion to again enter the marriage state. The deserted wife in New York, laboring to support her two children, does not get her poor day in court. Nothing so far suggested will provide an adequate remedy for cases like this except the uniform marriage and divorce law. The National Reform Association is calling upon all good citizens everywhere to support its campaign. AN INSULT TO OHIO Our good friend, Rev. C. McLeod Smith, Executive Secretary of the Toledo Council of Churches, writes to THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN asking that this magazine portray to its readers the facts concerning a most extraordinary situa- ton which has arisen in Ohio. Selecting from the very informing documents supplie. by Dr. Smith, we find: In December 1918 a man by the name of John Bryan, an avowed atheist, passed away in his home in Cincinnati. In his will be devised to the state his five hundred acre farm in Greene County; this farm to be known as “The John Bryan Natural History Reserve.” One provision of the will was, “The State of Ohio shall not allow or establish any religious institution on said reserve, nor allow any religious public worship to be practised or promulgated on said reserve.” Three successive Legislatures passed bills accepting the Bryan bequest. The first was vetoed by Governor Cox, a Demo- crat; the second by Governor Davis, a Republican; and the third by the present Governor, Vic Donahey, a Democrat. The recent Legislature, in special session, over a strong veto message by Governor Donahey, passed the Calvert Bill accepting the farm, specifically agreeing to “the conditions set forth in said will.” - - So far as is known Ohio is the only state which has at- tempted to enact any law barring worship on the public domain. Believing that the three Governors, in their respect for re- ligion, were right in rejecting the Bryan Farm and that the recent General Assembly was wrong in accepting this farm with its inhibition of religion, the Toledo Council of Churches re- quests other councils and federations, denominational bodies, min- isterial associations and any interested groups or individuals to unite with us in protesting against the state retaining the farm and in asking the Ohio Council of Churches to take the necessary steps to prevent this farm becoming a permanent part of the public domain. THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN in fulfillment of the desire of Dr. Smith and his colleagues of the Toledo Council, urges upon all the good people of Ohio to make a last deter- mined protest and the strongest legal resistance which is possible under the circumstances. To permit the vindictive and blasphemous purpose of John Bryan to penetrate into and remain in perpetuity a part of the life of the State of Ohio is an insult to human intelligence as well as a sacrilege toward God. The whole notion was one of insane vainglory on the part of John Bryan—to leave a heritage of his atheistic idea upon succeeding generations, after his body should have crumbled into dust and his soul gone to judgment. Ohio would be disgraced if the will of John Bryan were to become effective through an act of the legislature. That act is an insult to Ohio. November, 1923 [Page Seventeen] T H E C H R IS TI A N STATE S M A N Christian Fundamentals Believing in Jesus Christ AITH is an essential element in all forms of religion. Conceived as a system of truth, religion is something to be believed. Conceived as a subjective experience, it involves the acceptance of some religious system by an act of faith. This act of faith however does not rest finally upon mere abstract principles, but upon a person who oc- cupies a position of authority. Divine attributes are us- ually predicated of such a person. Christianity demands faith in Jesus Christ. One of the most familiar of Bible texts declares that “God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that who- soever believeth on Him should not perish, but have etermal Life.” The Apostle John states that Jesus performed many signs which he does not record, but that “these are written, that ye may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye may have life in His name.” To the question, “What must I do to be saved,’’ the one universal answer is, “Believe in the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved.” But who is Jesus Christ? What sort of a being is He? What is His rank among the various orders of beings? Is He a mere man or only a super-man, or is He more than man? Did He begin as a mere man and end by be- coming deified, and was He then admitted to a place in the Godhead? Or is He God manifested in the flesh? And if this is the correct statement did He retain. His divinity after His incarnation so that He is properly designated the God-Man, that is, both God and man, two distinct natures in one person forever? While there have been and are devout people who do not fully accept the Divinity of Christ, though they have adopted some of the main contentions of The National Re- form Association and even the principle that Jesus Christ is the Governor of the nations of the world; it is the firm belief of many of us that there is a close connection be- tween His rank as the Second Person of the Trinity and His official rank as the King of kings and Lord of lords. In presenting the subject of the Divinity of Jesus Christ and belief in Him as Lord of all, we are well within the realm of thought the boundaries of which are drawn by our state- ment of principles, with which all well informed readers of this journal are familiar. What then does belief in Jesus Christ imply and involve, as to His person, His official rank and His activities? - - In a broad and general sense multitudes of people may claim to believe in Jesus Christ, while they differ widely in their views of His person. It is unfortunate that this is so, but it is a fact. What we desire to do first of all is to find out what the Scriptures mean when they enjoin us to believe in Him. Surely we by faith should receive Him just as He is. Some light can be thrown on this matter by a study of the names by which He is designated. A good beginning can be made by finding out whether He is ever called God. It is a well known fact that the term “God” has been used in a very general way in the heathen world, and the Scriptures, by way of accommodation, speak of the gods of the heathen while at the same time denying that those imaginary beings are gods. It is also true that human beings, especially those who have ranked high as rulers and military leaders have been apotheosized by their devotees, but among the Hebrew people the term had a fixed meaning and was properly applied to the supreme Deity alone, or by way of accommodation to those to whom some of His authority was delegated and who therefore repre- sented Him. Is Jesus Christ ever called God in this ex- clusive sense? In Romans 9:5, Paul says of Jesus Christ that He “is over all, God blessed forever.” It is true that efforts are made by a certain class of critics to destroy the force of this passage, but this can be done only by a method that has at least the appearance of distortion. In the New Testament certain Old Testament passages are quoted and applied to Jesus Christ, in which He is called God. For example, in Psalm 45:6, 7 a certain person is addressed as God, who the writer of the epistle to the Hebrews says is the Son, and the context shows that he quotes and applies the passage to Jesus Christ. His words are, “Unto the Son. He saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever; and a scepter of uprightness is the scepter of Thy kingdom. Thou hast loved righteousness and hated iniquity; therefore, God, Thy God hath anointed Thee with the oil of gladness above Thy fellows.” In the interpretation of this Psalm, as in the interpretation of Romans 9:5, the effort is made to avoid the ascription of divinity to Jesus Christ. But the use made of the Psalm in Hebrews 1:8 negatives all such attempts. Jesus Christ the incarnate Son of God is addressed by the Father and, in plain terms, is called God. The truth is that He is so addressed twice in this passage, for in the ninth verse we read, according to the most natural translation, “therefore, O God, Thy God hath anointed Thee with the oil of gladness above Thy fellows.” Another passage of similar import is Titus 2:13, which, by some of the best Greek scholars is rendered thus “looking for the blessed hope and appearing of the glory of our great God and Saviour Jesus Christ.” Into the dis- cussion concerning the proper rendering of this text we do not need to enter. It is enough to say that the English Revision, the margin of the American Revision, Alfred Plummer, Richard G. Moulton and many others too numer- ous to mention, adopt the translation here given. While the term “Jehovah” is not found in the New Testament, we find that Old Testament texts in which this term is used, are applied to Jesus Christ. It should be kept in mind while studying these and many other texts, that the term “Lord’’ is the equivalent of the term “Je- hovah” in many New Testament passages. In Isaiah, chap- [Page Eighteen] November, 1923 THE CHR Is TIAN st A T E s MAN ter 6:1-5, there is given an account of a vision of the Lord seated upon a throne high and lifted up. In the third verse the person so described is called Jehovah. In John 12:40, 41 the person called Jehovah by Isaiah is said to be Jesus Christ. It is impossible to accept these records and deny that Jesus Christ is divine, since the term “Jehovah’’ is never applied in the Bible to any being except God. It is true that the term “Lord’’ is often used as a designation of any one who is vested with authority, but it is also the equivalent of the term “Jehovah.” In Isaiah 40:3 we read, “The voice of one that crieth, Prepare ye in the wilderness the way of Jehovah.” In Matthew 3:3 where this text is quoted with reference to the work of John as the fore- runner of Christ, the word “Lord’’ is used to translate the word “Jehovah.” In Deuteronomy 6:16 we read, “Ye shall not tempt Jehovah your God.” In Matthew 4:7 Jesus quotes this text using the word for “Lord’’ in the place of “Jehovah.” In the tenth verse He quotes again from Deuteronomy 6:13 using the same word for “Lord’’ as a translation of the word “Jehovah.” These are a few of the places in the New Testament where Jesus Christ is identified with Jehovah of the Old Testament. There is no way of dealing fairly with these texts and denying the Divinity of Jesus Christ. In a former article in which the Virgin Birth was maintained, certain texts in which Jesus Christ, the God- Man, was called the Son of God, were interpreted to mean that God was the Father of Him who was born of the Virgin. It was also held that all such texts at least im- pliedly teach His divinity, since if He were only man there would have been no occasion for His conception by the power of the Holy Spirit. But there are many texts in which He is called the Son of God because of His divine nature. As in the use of the names “God” and “Lord,” So also in the use of the term “Son of God” there has always been a good deal of latitude. The Angels are sons of God. All believers are designated by this term. And in these latter days the idea of the universal Fatherhood of God is supposed to involve the universal sonship of men. But the term is properly used in an exclusive sense of the Sec- ond Person of the Trinity. It is used in the same sense of that same Person after He became man. He did not lose His place in the Trinity by becoming man. In this class of texts belong the following: “No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son who is in the bosom of the Father, He hath declared Him.” (John 1:18). “God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son.” (John 3:16). “declared to be the Son of God with power by the resurrection from the dead.” (Romans; 1:4). “God, sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh.” (Romans 8:3). “God sent forth His Son.” (Galatians 4:3). “Thou art My Son, this day have I begotten Thee.” (Hebrews; 1:5). This list of texts might be greatly en- larged, but these are enough to establish our position. They prove that Jesus Christ is the God-Man and that His place in the Trinity was not lost by His incarnation. There is one text which has given trouble to many and which the un- learned wrest from its true meaning and quote to prove that when He humbled Himself He laid aside His divinity. That text is Philippians 2:6-8, where Christ is thus described: “who, eaſisting in the form of God, counted not the being on an equality with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied Himself, taking the form of a servant, being made in the likeness of mem.” The essential points in the text for our purpose are these: Christ existed in the form of God previous to His incarnation. The expression “form of God” involves the idea of Divinity, as will be seen from a care- ful examination of the Greek term “Morfa’’ rendered form. He emptied Himself of something before He became man so that He might take another form, that of a servant. He could not empty Himself of His divinity for in that case there would have been nothing left. It was the being on an equality with God in divine glory that He laid aside. And right here a very common mistake should be corrected. Some theologians persist in saying that the Son as the Second Person in the Trinity is inferior and subordinate to the Father. This is not true. There is and can be no subordination of Persons in the Trinity. But Jesus Christ was willing to lay aside His equality with God in glory and honor; and became man, and as the God-Man, took up the task of Mediation between God and man. In this capacity. He is spoken of as the Father's Servant and is necessarily subordinate to Him. Having shown that names and titles given to Christ require us to believe in Him as God, it will now be shown that the honor which must be accorded to Him leads to the same conclusion. Here again we must use a word that has different shades of meaning. That word is “worship.” Honor is to be shown to certain beings who are not divine, and sometimes this honor is called worship. But in the true sense of the word only God is to be worshiped. Is Jesus Christ to be worshiped in this exclusive sense? The principal acts of worship with which we are acquainted are embraced under the terms prayer and praise. We are plainly taught in the Bible to pray to Christ. The dying Stephen prayed, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit (Acts 7:59). The Apostolic Benediction is a prayer addressed to each of the three persons of the Trinity. In the fifth chapter of Revelation Jesus Christ along with the Father is the object of worship by the angels. We are persuaded that the angels were properly informed on this matter, for in Hebrews 1:6 God said “Let all the angels of God worship Him.” Henuine faith must therefore so receive Him. One further proof must be presented. Jesus is con- stantly set forth as Lord of all. In His hands is the scepter of universal authority. On His head is the crown of universal dominion. He is King of kings and Lord of lords. All things in heaven and on earth are placed under His feet. Universal dominion can belong to no one who comes short of Divinity. The functions of a Universal Ruler are beyond measure too stupendous for one who does not measure up to the full stature of Almighty God. National Reform work aims to accord to Jesus Christ the full measure of honor that belongs to Him. R. C. W. November, 1923 [Page Nineteen] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Impediments to Prohibition By JoHN J. BIRCH Few public questions have ever been more debated or subjected to more controversy than the Eighteenth Amend- ment to the Constitution of the United States. It is being attacked from every possible angle, but the majority of op- position comes from three sources—the liquor interests de- siring the return of their highly profitable business; the in- veterate drinkers whose appetites for intoxicants are un- controllable; and the people who are not in possession of the true facts or who, knowing them, are unwilling to acknowledge their validity. In the majority of the large cities of the country there are vast numbers of recently naturalized citizens. These generally illiterate people are being led to think that pro- hibition was effected in the United States by subtle and underhand means, and that being deprived of their alcho- holic drinks constitutes an encroachment upon their per- sonal liberty. Everything possible is being done to induce them to believe that prohibition should be hated and de- spised and that there is warrant for violating it upon every possible occasion. This foreign population becomes a very serious opponent to prohibition enforcement. During the last elections some of the candidates ad- vocated a modification of the Volstead Law so as to permit the use of beer and wine. Many of these candidates held high positions in the educational and business spheres and one is led to wonder if their own best judgment dictated a modification of our present laws or if their policy has been determined by some pecuniary rewards from the liquor interests. No one can doubt that there would be a demand and consequent sale for these drinks, thus creating a con- dition which would almost inevitably bring the re-establish- ment of the saloons as in the past. Yet some argue that they are not in favor of re-establishing the saloons but that they advocate the serving of these beverages at hotels and restaurants. They believe that a respectability would be given to public drinking and would thus eliminate the environment which surrounded the saloons. The argument however is fallacious; for it is intoxicating drink which causes the trouble and not the manner in which it is dispensed. Restaurants would invariably sink to a low level of conduct and become breeding places of vice and iniquity. The man who seeks votes on the beer and wine pretense, merely insults the intelligence of those to whom the appeal is made. His arguments are utterly childish and untenable, and intelligent people should hold in absolute contempt the position of any candidate who advocates wine and beer. Also, if the saloons and quasi drinking places were opened under a license, then immediately the enforcement of the law against whisky dealers would become increasingly difficult if not impossible. The permission to sell light wines and beer would become a loophole for avoiding the constitutional amendment and would inevitably make it ridiculous. It is lamentable that many of the newspapers during the last few years, have taken such a special interest in pub- lishing accounts of arrests for intoxicants. Five years ago they were not noted, but today they receive attention and are placed as headlines in bold-faced type. Because people are misinformed they are led to believe that drunkenness is increasing. They are ignorant of the fact that Federal statistics show a 95 per cent decrease in the use of intoxi- cants since the adoption of the Eighteenth Amendment and a reduction of $200,000,000 in the drink bill of the nation per year. A prominent Southern paper in a recent editorial said: ‘‘We wonder whether we all realize what a contribut- ing factor the newspaper is in encouraging law violation, especially of violations of the laws to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment. We believe it safe to say that more than half of our daily newspapers are wet, and that they daily over- draw the picture of failure to enforce the laws. At the same time they preach the gospel of disobedience and the right of those who oppose a law to disregard it.” Certain men whose cause depends upon the deception of the people, have recently called attention in the public press to an increase in crime in some localities in 1921 over that of 1920, and have pointed to it as a result of prohibition. They take it for granted that the public will not remember that both 1920 and 1921 were dry years and that a correct comparison would be with a wet year instead. It is certainly brazen shamelessness that can incite some people to inveigh against a law, which has worked such benefits already to the whole country. Those people who depend entirely upon their own observations and are un- willing to accept the significance of national statistics, often injure the cause of prohibition. They know their local conditions, or at least think they do; and suppose that these must prevail in the entire country. But prohibition is a national matter and not one confined to small localities, and therefore it must be judged by conditions at large. Respect for the law is absolutely necessary for the pre- servation of our civilization. Without it, life, liberty, prosperity and social relations are insecure. The history of all civilization has been a continual struggle for law and Order. Perfect law can be attained only by perfect faith in the law and an obedience to the same. Without this respect civilization would fall back into the chaos of primitive times. On the other hand, some argue that by returning wines and beer, the lawlessness would be decreased. It would be just as tenable to argue that the statutes against murder and theft should be erased from our law books in order that murder and robberies might be diminished. The [Page Twenty] November, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N fact that robbers and murderers are numerous, is never given as an argument that the laws against robbery and murder should be repealed. The Eighteenth Amendment is as truly a law as any of these; yet some people encourage its viola- tion. By encouraging a defiance for law and by awakening contempt therefor, the friends of the liquor interests would bring all laws into disrepute. Candidates or parties that are in favor of law enforce- ment, ought to receive the support of Christian people and of all right-minded citizens. But those which flout the law, advocate its annulment, or support its modifications by per- mitting wines and beer, ought not to have the respect and the support of such citizens. The fact that there are some drinkers whose uncon- trollable craze for liquor leads them to partake of vile and poisonous substitutes, is certainly stressed upon by the op- ponents to prohibition; and the superficial arguments are accepted by the thoughtless, and especially by those who themselves have acquired the appetite for liquor. Even some non-partakers, who have not thought deeply into the subject in a broad, benevolent and human way, are also inclined to believe that, rather than have them taking the poison, their cravings should be satisfied. The fight for prohibition has hardly, begun. Securing the law was but a minor part of the conflict—holding it and enforcing it until its benefits have become effective is the greater and more important task. This can be accomplished only by continually and persistently working against those sinister influences which are aiming to bring all laws into disrepute or to prevent the honest enforcement of the ex- isting laws. To disobey or disregard any law enacted by the properly accredited representatives, is to aid the cause of anarchy and to undermine the foundations on which all democratic institutions rest. In New York State, when Governor Smith signed the bill repealing the Mullen-Gage Prohibition Enforcement Act, many of the less intelligent people believed that pro- hibition itself had been repealed in the state. Others be- lieved that the state stood for lax enforcement of the Federal constitutional amendment and still others sympa- thized with the Governor’s laughable farce in championing “State Rights.” Furthermore it has shown the Republican Party that if they hope to elect a governor next year, there is only one platform upon which he can stand and that is on a bone dry issue. The Republican Party, both state and national, has been forced to take a strong unequivocal stand for prohibition enforcement. The dry interests were de- feated not because of the general sentiment of the people for repeal, but because so many who would have voted dry did not vote at all. These people are coming out at the next election in overwhelming number. They have learned a lesson which will not easily be forgotten. The National Government is paying special attention to the enforcement of prohibition in New York State. Her treasonable actions have angered and exasperated the dry leaders of the whole country. And “State Rights” were really weakened instead of strengthened by the repeal of the Mullen-Gage Law, for Federal officers will be sent into the state to enforce the constitutional amendment instead of its being looked after by New York State’s own police force. The Federal power will in consequence become increased rather than decreased, not only in apprehending violators of the law but in bringing them to justice in a Federal court as well. HOW HE HATES IT By JUNIUS CHANNING QUINCY Every time I read any of the utterances of our states- men or publicists declaring that we cannot expect to get along without war in the future, I am reminded of that story of one of our old New Englanders—a farmer in Maine, who on his way to town was accosted by a friend with the inquiry: “Where you goin’, Eb3?’ “I’m goin’ to Bangor, to get drunk. And oh, how I hate it !” That’s this war situation. A lot of these people talk as if they had to go to war, but oh, how they hate it! If Eb didn’t like to go to Bangor to get drunk all he had to do was to stay at home. - And if we don’t like to go to war, our statesmen and publicists can stay on the job making peace for humanity. All this talk about the inevitability of war is what makes for war. I cannot say that war will never come again in the world. But all war is produced by human sin and human folly. And the way to stop war is to stop the sin and the folly. Mere preparation for war is not of itself a deterrent to either the sin or the folly. In fact preparation takes these things into account, sympathetically stimulates them in many instances, and makes opportunity to utilize as a provocative all that sin and folly can do. For forty years we have laughed in New England at the story of Eb who was going to Bangor to get drunk, and of how he hated it. That story has been told to us from our childhood as the best illustration of the willful waywardness of the in- dividual man in doing the ruinous thing that he hated to do. - But you may take that illustration and apply it widely. It is no more ridiculous in Eb's case to go to Bangor and get drunk against his own desire, than it is sinfully ridic- ulous for the world to go to war when the world hates it. What diabolism enters into the minds of statesmen and publicists when they stand before the world affirming that war is inevitable? All their energies of thought and utter- ance should be given to the teaching that war is not neces- sary and that people can stay at home in peace instead of going to Bangor to guzzle what they don’t like. November, 1923 [Page Twenty-one] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N AMERICAN RED CROSS ROLL CALL, NOVEMBER 11-99 The activities of the American National Red Cross today, for which it is asking the support of the people through its Seventh Roll Call, include work for disabled - ex-service men and their families, service to the regular Army and Navy, Disaster Relief, First Aid, Life-Saving, Enrollment of Nurses, Public Health Nursing, Home Hy- giene and Care of the Sick, Nutrition Service and the Junior Red Cross. - From July 1, 1917, to June 30, 1923, the American Red Cross spent nationally and through its Chapters more than $163,000,000 in service to the men who wore the American uniform in the World War, and to their families. During the last fiscal year $8,000,000 was spent in this work. In the public health and home service work now being carried on by hundreds of Red Cross Chapters throughout their families is always recognized. Under its charter the American Red Cross acts “in mat- ters of voluntary relief and in accord with the military and naval authorities, as a medium of communication between the people of the United States of America and their Army and Navy.” During the war the Red Cross recruited 19,877 trained nurses to stand behind the men who fought in France and those who suffered in hospitals at home. Today it maintains a reserve nursing corps of nearly 40,000 trained nurses, available in emergency to the Army, Navy, U. S. Public the country, the priority of the needs of ex-service men and Health Service and Veterans’ Bureau. The Nursing Service is the source of the nurse supply for such Red Cross activ- ities as assisting in disasters, epidemic control, Chapter pub- lic health nursing and the instruction of Home Hygiene and Care of the Sick classes. The Roll Call will be held from Armistice Day to Thanksgiving, November 11 to 29. CHIEF OF CHAPLAINS ARRANGES FOR ARMISTICE DAY SERVICES The Chief of Chaplains of the United States Army, Colonel John T. Axton, has issued an urgent call to the One thousand clergymen who constitute the Corps of Chap- lains of the three components of the Army, to begin early the preparations for a proper observance of Armistice Day, which this year comes on Sunday. The Chaplains have been asked to make it an occasion for special patriotic services at which there shall not only be most fitting commemoration of the heroisms and sacrifices of the war, but where the gospel of a better understanding among men may be stressed with a view to lessening the dis- cord that is so rampant throughout the world. Through community co-operation, particularly with churches, schools, patriotic societies, and veterans’ organ- izations, it is desired that wherever there is a unit of the United States Army, no matter how small, there shall be a program of practical addresses, scripture readings, and musical numbers by bands, choruses and soloists, and that there be suitable decorations and printed programs. POWER IN PRAYER Every week is prayer week for the reverent soul—and every day. But the inculcation of the helpful practice of prayer, sometimes needs a special impulsion. And so the week of prayer for young men, November 11-17, appointed by the International Committee of Young Men’s Christian Associations, is deserving of the most sym- pathetic support which Christian people generally can accord. The power of prayer to sustain and to console ought to be known to every young person, in order that it may be a definite part of his life while in this vale of mortality. Prayer is a force which is unappreciated and neglected. It is the most potential agency for individual and world bene- fit that is within the reach of man. Scientists and industrialists talk sometimes in the way of regret because the vast power of the tides of the sea cannot be harnessed to do the work of man. The only rea- son why this immensity of energy goes to waste is because man does not yet know how to make utilization. But there is a power infinitely greater, whose use is simple in its methods and known to all. It is the power of faithful prayer, which could even still the tides and move the mountains. United and fervent prayer of God’s children on earth, accompanied by the deeds which such prayer would dedi- cate, could redeem the world. - [Page Twenty-two.] November, 1923. T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N The Authority of Religion in the State By E. A. CROOKS The State is the highest earthly authority in the field of human action. The individual enjoys large freedom. In many things he exercises his own pleasure. He chooses his occupation; he selects his companions; he decides his place of residence. But in all this freedom he must have regard to the common good as defined by law. He may not cross the busy city street except at the beck of the traffic officer. With all his boasted liberty the individual lives within the zone prescribed by the State. The old English law makes a man’s house his castle, but he cannot shut its door in the face of the properly commissioned officer of the State. Religious liberty is one of the precious cornerstones of our Republic. Every man is guaranteed the privilege of worshiping God as he may choose. Organizations may meet peaceably for the worship of God with whatever rites or ceremonies they may elect. But there are two things they may not do; they are not permitted to teach sedition or to practice immorality. In these matters the authority of the State is paramount. There are gradations in legislative authority all the way from the village council, to the Congress at Washington. The city council regulates local affairs. The state legislature enacts laws governing the commonwealth. The laws en- acted by Congress are for the entire country. We have a splendid series of courts ranging in authority from that of the country justice of the peace to that of the Supreme Court at Washington. We have a series of executive officers extending from the mayor of a town to the President of these United States. This three-fold arrange- ment makes up what we call the Supreme authority of the State. Is there any authority above that of the individual State? We have international law. It is a compilation of accepted regulations that have grown out of the contact of nation with nation. Some day we may have an international parliament making laws to govern the nations. A World Court has just been set up with an eminent American lawyer as one of the judges. The most important inter- national question before the American people today is, shall we give adherence to this Court? The League of Nations was organized largely on the suggestion of the then President of the United States. We are in the embarrassing position of not being willing to join the League that we ourselves promoted; and this because it was made a political issue by party leaders. The logic of political philosophy and the necessity of the world situation both demand a world organization with authority. But will such an organization, when it comes, be the Supreme authority in national life? Instead will it not make clearer the necessity of recognizing the authority of God as the final Arbiter of all national and international questions? Religious sanctions are the most binding obligations among men. They have a large place in national life. Plu- tarch says, “A city might more easily be founded without territory than a State without belief in God.” Experience has proved that religion is essential for the construction of a State. As a part of their ill-fated revolutionary experi- ment the French abolished the Church. In their mad zeal to blot out religion they substituted a ten day division of time instead of the week with its Sabbath. When Napoleon Bonaparte came into power he restored the Church, saying that if he had not found a religion at hand he would have in- vented one. Personally the Great Dictator cared nothing for Christianity. As the manipulator of the life of a nation he understood its power. Religion is the imperium in im- perio of the State. It is the invisible power back of government. While all religions are tolerated among us, the Christian faith so dominates our national life that any question about the sanction of religion is an inquiry about the authority of Christianity. In its commonest transactions the Government invokes the authority of religion. Before the commonwealth issues you a license to operate an automobile it requires you to witness before God to the truth of the facts set forth in your application. If you register a bill of sale before a notary he imposes on you the obligation of an oath before God that the facts set forth are correct. If you are a bank official you are required to make statement under oath, giving the resources of the institution. If you are the publisher of a newspaper you are required to make a statement giving the circulation of your paper. Your word may be as good as your bond among your associates, but the Government will not accept it until it has bound your soul with the most solemn religious obligation known to men. When it assesses your property it calls in the author- ity of religion to make sure you are not concealing part of it. If you are chosen by the sovereign people to exercise any office within their gift, the Government calls you before the Great Sovereign of the universe and pledges you before Him to honesty and faithfulness in the discharge of your official duties. If you are in court as a judge, an attorney, a bailiff, a prosecutor, a defendant, a witness or a juror the State invokes the authority of religion, in the form of an oath, to secure from you truth and justice. If you serve as a member of the school-board in country district, town, or city you are under oath before God to meet faithfully your important trust. If you sit in a legislative council— village, town, city, state or national—to enact laws for the well-being of your fellows, the State steps in with the au- thority behind all law and puts you under oath. The daily sessions of Congress are opened with prayer. In these prayers God is thanked for his goodness to the November, 1923 [Page Twenty-three] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Nation and appealed to for guidance and protection. At the foundation head of its legislation the Nation acknowledges its need of divine direction. The Government provides chap- lains for the army and the navy, ministers of the Christian faith, to care for the moral and spiritual welfare of the men enlisted in the defense of the country. In all penal institutions chaplains are employed to bring back the erring to the ranks of good citizenship. If Christianity is needed to enlighten the senator and to reform the criminal why should it not be given a place in the public schools main- tained to fit our children for citizenship? The President annually appoints a day of thanksgiving. He exhorts the people on these occasions to thank God for national peace and prosperity. When war or disaster over- takes the Nation it is customary, sometimes at the suggestion of Congress, for the President to call the Nation to prayer and confession of sin. The Supreme Court has declared that this is a Christian nation. Christianity is recognized by the courts as a part of the common law of the land. Our laws against theft, murder, adultery, perjury, blasphemy, slander, and Sab- bath desecration are translations into modern statutes of the precepts of Sinai. All our laws dealing with moral and ethical questions have their basis in the teachings of the Scriptures. Christianity not only furnishes the material for our laws, but it develops in the citizen and the official that conscience without which law would be a dead letter. Chris- tianity is the real power back of the framework of our Government. Take out of the minds and hearts of the American people all the reverence for law and all the wholesome fear of God instilled by Christianity, and anarchy would reign. Since the State is served so vitally by religion, what in turn is the obligation of the State to religion? Since our Government, local and national, makes such extensive use of the sanctions and authority of Christianity, what is its obli- gation to Christianity? The question is a logical one, and it is a very pertinent one. - In answer to this question we would offer a few sug- gestions. The State should protect and encourage Chris- tianity. Since religion is essential to the well-being of the State; and since Christianity is the basic religion of the State, the State should protect and encourage it. The State cannot maintain a benevolent neutrality in religion. It must choose one whose sanctions and power it invokes. In a land such as our own, where the Christian faith over- whelmingly predominates, there should be no hesitancy about an open choice of Christianity on the part of the State. In its administration of order and justice the State should have a care that conditions prevail most conducive to the growth of Christianity. The more Christians and the better Christians there are, the easier will it be for the State to fulfill its mission in human society. To this end the State should maintain peace and sobriety. Good order and morality should be promoted. Drunkenness, gambling and licentiousness are open enemies of Christianity. The State that desires to encourage its best friend must suppress immorality. The Christian Sabbath has been set apart by divine command as a day to be used exclusively for religious worship, study and culture. The State that desires to be- friend Christianity, must protect the Sabbath against the inroads of business and the interruptions of pleasure. In all fairness the State that so extensively uses Chrstianity, should fully protect it. The obligation of the State toward Christianity is not completely discharged by a friendly attitude. In fact Chris- tianity is not something apart from the State; it is a part of the State. Christianity belongs to the State as really as it does to the Church. The State makes its own peculiar uses of Christianity. It uses it as a foundation for its laws. It employs it to bind the consciences of its citizens. It re- lies on it as the great moral foundation for its activities. Without it the State could not carry on. This raises the question as to what the State itself should do to promote Christianity. Should not the State through its public schools, colleges, and universities teach as much Christianity as it uses in its public administration? We have called attention to extensive use made of the oath in civil administration and judicial procedure. Is not the State under obligation to teach the nature and binding ob- ligation of an oath? When it adjures a man by the omni- potence of God to tell the truth; when it warns him by the final settlement of the Day of Judgment not to prevaricate, should it not teach him the essential facts about God and the future life? Since it builds its laws on the old rock- ribbed foundations of Sinai, should it not teach the deca- logue to its youthful citizens? Since Christianity has been declared by the Supreme Court to be a part of the common law of the land should it not teach the common facts of Christianity? What right has the State to punish a man for theft, adultery or murder if it has not taught him the right of private property, the sanctity of the marriage relation, and the sacredness of human life? The Bible is the Plymouth Rock of our national history. Our infant Republic was nurtured in the arms of Christi- anity. Her early history is a part of the struggle of Pro- testantism for the religious liberty we now enjoy. The story of our beginning and of our early development cannot be told without relating the activities of the Puritans, the Baptists, the Episcopalians, the Quakers and the Presby- terians. The narrative of our present greatness, with the multiform activities of Christianity left out, would be worse emasculated than Hamlet with the hero omitted. The State, by correctly teaching the facts concerning Christianity in our national development, will do much to vindicate the use it is constantly making of it. The commonwealth of Illinois has, by a decision of its supreme court, excluded the Bible from its public schools. By a ruling of the state superintendent of public education the Bible is excluded from her public school libraries. So far as her schools are concerned every school child in Illinois is forbidden to even read the Bible. If consistently followed [Page Twenty-four] November, 1923 T EI E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N out the teacher of English would be prohibited by these exclusions from explaining any of the numerous references to the Bible and Christianity in our English classics. Yet with glaring inconsistency a state law requires that a copy of the Bible be given to each convict when he enters her penitentiaries' If it is worth while to apply the Scriptures as a remedy to the morals of the man who has unfitted him- self for citizenship, would it not be the part of greater wis- dom to give the growing citizen the benefit of its teachings in the hopes that he would never need its reforming in- fluence? A number of other commonwealths have excluded the Bible from their schools. Consistency requires that we shall either eliminate all appeals to God in our civil administration and that we shall discard all sanctions of Christianity; or that we shall give a place in our public schools to as much Chris- tianity as the State is employing in its administration. The use the State is constantly making of Christianity requires it to go one step further. It it continues to appeal to the authority of God over the consciences of men, should the State not acknowledge the authority of God as being the commisson under which it is acting? Should not the State that is constantly making use of the sanctions of Christianity and appealing to its support, cheerfully recog- nize the Christ who has made Christianity? It is not possible for any State to continue indefinitely in the inconsistent attitude of our Nation toward Christi- anity. We must either go on to the complete elimination of Christianity from our administration, and the destruc- tion that would inevitably bring; or we must go back to our birthright and acknowledge Jesus Christ as the Sources of all authority in the State. METHODISM ENDORSES The Methodist Conference, in session at Kitanning, Pa., October 8, 1923, unanimously adopted the following resolutions: 1. This conference hereby records its endorsement of the effort of The National Reform Association to secure the use of the Bible in the public schools of the land; to unify the various state marriage and divorce laws; to suppress polygamy: to secure a Sabbath rest law for the District of Columbia; and to induce the nations of the earth to try Christianity in the adjustment of national difficulties. 2. We commend he Association as worthy of moral and financial support, and nominate Daniel L. Marsh and Hon. John W. Vickerman as representatives of this conference upon the officiary of The National Reform Association. THE RIGHT YEARS In THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN for October, under the heading “The Lone Survivor,” a sketch of Mr. Robert N. Redpath, two incorrect figures were given. It was in March 1863 that Mr. Redpath heard the announcement of the National Reform movement and in 1865 that Mr. and Mrs. Redpath made their migration to Olathe, Kansas. GERMANY COMING BACK BY LAWRENCE Y. LEDBrookE I trust you will be willing to give Space in your mag- azine to a word of commendation for German industry and pluck and foresight. As We all know, Germany lost her merchant fleet as a consequence of her sin in entering upon the war and of the righteous retribution which fell upon her in her failure to win the war. But do her people sit down and merely bemoan their sad fate? Not in the matter of shipbuilding, at any rate. Already she has become the second nation of the world in her shipbuilding activities—Great Britain being the first. According to reports which I find in the journals which give attention to maritime matters, Germany nearly twice as much tonnage as France; half times as much as the United States. has under construction, merchant ships of than 350,000 tons. Great Britain and Ireland together excel Germany by nearly one million tons; but many of these ships built in Great Britain and Ireland are for other Ownership, while all of Germany's building is for the use of her own maritime companies. Many years ago I was an interested observer of the methodical, patient, determined development of Germany's commercial interests, not only within the empire but throughout the world. While one might have been fearful of some of the underlying purposes, one could not withhold his admiration of the long foresight, the concentration of purpose, and the patience with which Germany was working out her plans. It seems as if in some particulars she is renewing that old patient activity. The loss of her colonies might have seemed deterrent; but she will get back the value of the colonies if she reestablishes a maritime Supremacy in the carrying trade. The mere ownership of colonies might of itself be burdensome, but the carrying trade can be made very profitable and can give an influence upon colonies second only to the political connection be. cause the carrying trade can dominate the financial relations. is constructing and two and a Germany now a total of more I am glad to pay this tribute to German foresight and German industry; because I have been one who has criticised Germany’s evasiveness in the matter of reparations. Let us at least give to the German people all the credit which is their due. THE GENERAL WELFARE By E. P. ESSICK Our Government has one great aim— The general welfare to promote. Let all the people seek the same, By prayer, and life and vote. º November, 1923 [Page Twenty-five] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N WHAT RADIO SUGGESTS By J. A. CROSS Among the many discoveries of recent decades no other has come in with the astounding wealth of sug- gestion that the Radio-phone brings. It has been said that every man knows that he is going to die, but that he doesn’t believe it. So with the marvel of broadcasting; the proof is before us, yet the mind stalls at the very audacity of the new wonder. That such a thing is possible suggests certain things about God, man, the universe and future possibilities. Since it is possible for the voice to go anywhere on earth instantly, what must be the fullness of the resources of the One who holds each hidden force subject to the com- mand of His will? It brings to our minds most forcefully that we are living in a live universe in which even wire is not needed to transmit the thrill. The natural question is, what next? No one can guess. One step leads to another. New combinations of forces await the right approach and the proper point in develop- ment to bring them out. Discovery has its logical sequence. Science finds indications that the universe throughout is made up of the same materials and forces known to us on earth, together with all the potentialities of earth yet unknown to us. Since space is being reduced so effectually, will the time come when the distant worlds will be our social neigh- bors? If such a thing is ever to be possible there are so many intervening steps before its realization as to make of it a far-fetched topic at present. A nearer phase of progress is the probable direction of our next move in learning to harness the eternal forces all about us. Each new discovery not only tells us something more about the universe, but it also tells us something more about man. To the beast all the finer goods in nature's rich storehouse are as nothing. To the Savage they merely form a basis for superstition. the action of the growing mind suggests the absence of any limit to the combinations and applications of world forces. The old saying that this life is what we make it, may be fittingly applied to the field of scientific discovery. Pro- gress is limited only by our ability to analyze and combine. Man has been doing so well of late as to demon- strate the immortal qualities within him. One of the large suggestions that grows out of the recent developments is the impetus it ought to give to faith in the survival of the soul after death. Why should the life of man be cut off utterly after he has climbed to heights where he can look over into infinite glories evidently prepared for him? As to the desire for continued life, there is nothing new. The change we are experiencing, is coming in various forms of evidence whose tendency is to substantiate the faith of our fathers. - The difficulty might be raised that we will soon have such a full view of truth as to leave our faith without The response of nature to proper exercise. The answer seems to be that whether our horizon is small or great it contains the elements for doubt and belief in such proportions as is wholesome for the soul's discipline. Then there is always this difference, that religion has to do with purposes, while science is occupied with methods. Whether the line that marks off the spiritual will ever be crossed by science is yet for the future to determine. At first thought, broadcasting seems to come near to it. Yet it originates nothing; its function is to conquer space. It has been observed that the man who knows how will always have a job, but that he will always be working for the man who knows why. Applying this in a larger Way, the scientist who is learning how the laws of nature operate will always have a job, but he will always be working for the God who knows why. FAITH By LUELLA KILPATRICK In one of the Upanishads is the saying that “We know what is not by the world of things that are.” Faith is that feeling which actuates a man when he has no actual knowledge or experience, but believes—believes fully— though having no knowledge and experience. One of the foremost commands of Jesus was “Have faith in God.” It is this faith which deeply moves every man, for mankind is essentially religious. We have faith in God, we must have faith in Him although we cannot see Him. His presence is imminent. * We have faith in those we love, although we cannot know in advance what the years will bring. We have faith in the goodness of mankind, although in many instances this faith may seem betrayed. Faith lies at the root of all practical virtues. Of the great trinity of graces, Faith, Hope and Charity, the greatest is said to be Charity; but the first named was rightly Faith. Faith always attaches itself to what it con- ceives to be good. Faith is rational, and it is moral. Again, a great work of genius is said also to be a great act of faith, because a genius in his creations has faith in the greatness and goodness of these creations. Faith is a wonder-worker. Many things are done through faith that never would have been done had faith not been present at the beginning. How often is it said “This is impossible!,” and how often it is that Faith re- moves this impossibility. Faith lifts her heart amidst the darkest night, When there shines not a ray of the sun; Works tell of the joy when the faith is bright, Till the long, long day is done. Faith guides as a lamp, the weary feet Of those whose hearts are oppressed; Works tell of those who toiled in the heat, As they watched the “reddening West.” But faith and works are just the same When the long, long day is done, For both are alike in life and name, When faith and works are one. [Page Twenty-siz] November, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N CURRENT NOTES AND OPINION TO SAVE THE PRESIDENT The Rotary Club of Kalamazoo, Michigan, has recently passed a kind and sensible resolution which might well be adopted by every organization and every individual in the United States It pledges its members to regard both the Presidency of the United States and the incumbent of that high office with an understanding sympathy and to re- frain from harsh, partisan and unfair criticism. The reso- lution reads in part: We hereby pledge ourselves, that, despite differences in political views and on policies of national and international im- port, we shall pay to the office and to the man the respect and reverence which are their rightful due; that we shall refrain from invective toward the Executive and shall give voice to criticism only that is kindly, tolerant, respectful and helpful; that we shall make this a rule of our conduct, both as individuals and as a club organization, and that we lead the way in a movement to revive a proper respect for the Presidency, in particular, and for our national, state and civil leaders in general. PITIFUL IGNORANCE OF THE BIBLE [Methodist Recorder] The news from West Virginia giving the result of a recent questionnaire on the Holy Bible is almost as sad as the earthquake news from Japan. In its ultimate sig- nificance to Christianity and to civilization, the ignorance disclosed by this intellectual survey is more lamentable than any mere physical catastrophe that could happen in all the realm of Nature. The inquiry was made by the Sunday- School Association of West Virginia, and those who were called upon to undergo the test were the students in a number of representative junior high schools of that state, the regular teachers of these schools conducting the question- naire. Approximately one thousand boys and girls, the greater proportion of them regular pupils in various Sun- day schools, were asked such questions as these: Name five Old Testament books. Name five New Testament books. In what book of the Bible are the Ten Commandments found 3 - Who spoke the Beatitudes? Write any one of them. Write the first ten words of the Lord’s Prayer. The youth of West Virginia are doubtless fully equal to the American average in Bible knowledge. But the fact makes unhappy record that only twenty-seven per cent of these high school pupils could name five books of the thirty-nine comprising the Old Testament, and only twenty- nine per cent could name five of the twenty-seven compris- ing the New Testament! And though the Beatitudes, apart from their religious character, have become golden threads in the warp and woof of universal literature, and have en- tered even the nursery and the kindergarten, of every language, yet only nine per cent of these students knew the Author of the Beatitudes or could quote a single ºne of them A HUMILIATING CONFESSION |United Presbyteriam] Commenting on the address to the rulers of the world, which was adopted by the recent Christian Citizenship Con- ference at Winona Lake and forwarded to the heads of all the great governments, The Christian Science Monitor re- marks that it is a most significant confession to say that “the time has come to try Christianity.” And it goes on to admit that the confession is due, that Christianity has not yet been really tried in an effort to adjust the relations of the nations of the world. If only the rulers and political leaders of the nations would give heed to the appeal of the Winona Conference and make a fair test of the principles of Jesus as they apply to national life and international relations, what a change we should quickly see. The situation in Europe, so discouraging and dark, seeming so impossible of solution, so full of the menace of another great war, could have been avoided if statesmen had had the courage to try Christianity, had been venturesome enough in their faith to treat each other as brothers and to love their enemies. Why have they not done it? Is it not a most humiliating confession to acknowledge that the principles of Jesus have been disregarded and the rulers of the nations have been acting on the old and savage and out- worn principle of ‘‘an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.” Yet we call this a Christian civilization, and the great powers of Europe call themselves Christian nations, and the principles of love and brotherhood and forgiveness which Jesus declared would bring peace on earth and a new social order which He called the Kingdom of Heaven have been proclaimed for almost two thousand years! The Winona Conference addressed this strong and forceful appeal to the rulers of the nations. What is the most potential thing that Christians can do to back this movement up 2 Something can be accomplished, no doubt, by petition and letter and personal appeal to those who are shaping the international policies of the nations. Much can be done through public discussion and the effort to bring public opinion to bear strongly upon statesmen and rulers. But most can be done by prayer. Let Christians follow up this appeal sent out by the Winona Conference with unceas- ing intercession. November, 1923 [Page Twenty-seven] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N MISSIONARIES WHO OMIT THE NAME OF CIIRIST FROM THEIR PRAYERS [Western Recorder] For many months it has been charged that the London Missionary Society had missionaries in India who were omitting the name of Christ from the hymns and prayers they used in teaching Hindus and Moslems. Until now no denial from the Society has been forthcoming. The point of view of these missionaries appears to be that, since the heathen do not believe in Christ, it is better for the missionaries to find common ground with them by leaving out the name of Christ. Commenting on this, the Bible Call truly says, “If men can pray to God apart from the Mediatorship of Christ, there is an end of Christianity.” Paul became “all things to all men,” but he did it that he might ‘‘by all means save some.’’ He did not become anything to any man that was inconsistent with his constant testimony to the power and nature of the gospel of Christ. From all the informa- tion we can get, it appears that the London Missionary Society refuses to instruct its missionaries on this matter. That is, its missionaries can either hide the Christ out of sight, or keep Him to the front, as they may think best. This is essentially the attitude of Modernists in America and everywhere else. It would seem to be an indication that the now broadspread charge is true that Modernists have stolen into the directorate of this historic Missionary Society. - May God deliver our English Baptist brethren from this terrible thing. It is the absolute negation of the spirit that actuated William Carey, the great first modern mission- ary. It is strong evidence that apostasy from the Christ of the New Testament is getting a stranglehold among not a few of the official cast of English Baptists. As elsewhere among God’s people, it would seem that the Modernism apostasy takes hold among the men of influence, rather than among the intelligent mass of Chris- tians. We have assurances that the great mass of Friglish Baptists are devout and Bible-loving Christians. We must not be prejudiced against prominent men. For the sake of the responsible positions many of them hold, as well as be- cause in the case of Baptists in the South they are ap- proved and proven men of God, we must honor them and protect them from the tongue of suspicion. But it cer- tainly should humble the hearts of even our best leaders and of all of us, when we face the incontrovertible fact that the devil is getting nearly all his voices for the Mod- ernism apostasy from among the men who have been trusted with high position in the Lord’s work. In this vital respect Southern Baptists have great ground for gratitude. But the defection is so general and influentially placed in the religous world, and the atmost- phere so surcharged with the philosophical outlook that produces Modernism that it would be to advise Baptists to live in a fool's paradise, not to caution them that we are in this matter in a war “not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against world-rulers of this darkness, against spiritual wickedness in high places.” Let us thank God in much prayer that He has protected us so exceptionally from the shame of this apostasy. Let us beg of Him that He shall keep us so humble and devout in spirit, so consecrated in devotion to revealed truth, that We may be kept from the schism of this apostasy. And let us be spared the folly of closing our eyes and ears and minds and hearts to the heart-breaking apostasy which is as a conflagration in the midst of many Christian bodies, and refusing earnestly to consider ourselves lest we also fall into temptation. SONS OF HUMOR BY NAN TERRELL REED–in The Optimeter At breakfast time, when slumber lies Not so remote from human eyes, The Sons of Humor can evoke A twisted word that makes a joke. It serves to speed us on our way, And rather brightens up the day; It curves the lips that for a while Have just forgotten how to smile. And I have seen a growing wrath Diverted from its crimson path, And laid aside, all cold and dead, By some fool-thing that has been said. There’s plenty sad when day is done, But Sons of Humor find the fun, And God bless every man who strives To keep the laughter in our lives. —Selected by R. M. Down IE. DO YOU NEED SONG BOOKSº Write for returnable copies. We supply Song books for all departments of church work including Sunday School and choir, also solos, duets, male quartets, etc. Send No Money. Write — state your needs. We send advance copies at once. Clip this advertisement and address GLAD TIDINGS PUBLISHING CO., Dept. F. E. H., 207 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. TY P E W R IT E R S All makes slightly used machines, $20 up. Five days free trial. Easy monthly payments. Express prepaid. Guaranteed two years. Write today for price list.—Address, PAYNE COMPANY, Dept. 260, Rosedale Station, Kansas City, KANSAS [Page Twenty-eight] November, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N “Father and son week’’ is to be observed this year November 11-18. Senhor Teixeira Gomes is the new president of the re- public of Portugal. In America there are 1,500,000 persons unable to speak English and 3,000,000 more who cannot read it. Miss Jane Addams has just returned to her work at Hull House, Chicago, after a nine months tour of the world. Gypsy Smith, the great evangelist, is now campaigning in the Southern States. He expects to return to England in February. The United States Post Office Department has spanned the continent in less than twenty-eight hours by means of airplane service. Tsao Kun, chief of the northern militarists, has been elected president of China. Thirty-five years ago he was a common soldier. A new type of street car is in operation in Minneapolis. It is equipped with roller bearings and automobile brakes and is comparatively noiseless. It is estimated that there are 170,000 active clergymen in the United States. Only 1,671 of them were taxed on incomes above $3,000 last year. An American, Henry Morgenthau, has been appointed by the League of Nations to direct the work of settling almost one million Greek refugees in Greek territory. The Roman Catholic church, formerly regarded as not friendly to labor unions, has started a movement in Mexico for the organization of labor unions under church control. The Civil Service Commission is urging women to enter Government service and reports that there is a greater op- portunity than ever before for women in the high salaried positions. For several days in September, the newspaper pressmen of New York were on strike and eleven daily papers were obliged to unite in a small composite edition. The public managed to live through it. Professor Francis B. Sayre, who married Miss Jessie Wilson, daughter of ex-President Wilson, has given up his chair of international law at Harvard to accept the position of advisor to the King of Siam. - PEOPLE AND EVENTS The Japanese Government pluckily refused relief of: fered by the Soviet Government of Russia, believing that the assistance was tendered with the real object of further- ing a world-wide revolutionary movement. Emmet Dalton, the last of the Dalton gang which ter- rorized the West a generation ago, says, “A dollar honestly earned is worth $10,000 obtained by fraudulent means.” He spent 14 years of his life in prison. Miss Florence King of Chicago is the only woman lawyer whose name appears on the Government’s register of patent attorneys. She has appeared in several cases before the Supreme Court and has won them all. Lloyd George's tour of the United States and Canada is a triumphal one. Americans like the great Welshman for what he is and also for what he was. The former premier is a self-made made. He was born and raised in poverty. Secretary of the Navy Denby, has decided that in the future, United States dirigibles shall be known by names instead of algebraic formulae. The first instance of the change is the renaming of the Z. R. 1, which is to be called the Shenandoah. On September 28, Ethiopia, or by its more modern name, the Empire of Abyssinia, was formally admitted to membership in the League of Nations. The Ethiopian dele- gates made a picturesque appearance in costumes of rich color and material. Figures for eleven states — Connecticut, Delaware, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, South Dakota and Vermont— show that in 1922 there were 13,592 fewer marriages and 3,136 more divorces than in 1916. Since the signing of the armistice the War Department of the United States has disposed of material originally valued at more than $2,000,000,000 and comprising over 100,000 separate items of surplus war material, according to Fred- erick A. Collins, assistant chief of the sales promotion sec- tion of the War Department. In 1770, an act was passed in the British Parliament which ordained that “any woman, no matter of what age or rank, be she maid or widow, who deceives a man and in- veigles him into matrimony by the use of finery, false hair, paint, corsets, hoop petticoats, or shoes with high heels, shall suffer the penalty of the law, * * * and the marriage shall be null and void.” November, 1923 [Page Twenty-nine] T E. E. C. H. R. IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Danish women are making great gains in a national temperance movement. A New York landlord refuses to rent apartments except to families with children. University professors of Italy declare that there is a great growth in the religious spirit of the young men of Italy since the World War. This summer the Endicott Johnson shoe corporation of Binghamton, New York, gave a week’s vacation with pay to its 14,000 employees. The loss in profits is said to have been $200,000 but factory heads announce increased ef- ficiency as a result of the vacation experiment. Mr. Hanihara, the Japanese ambassador to the United States, says that American relief to Japan in her present emergency is a supplement to the Washington Disarma- ment Conference; that as the Conference showed Japan’s sincerity to America, the earthquake has revealed to Japan the mercy in America’s heart. The American Red Cross Society has ordered GOOD TIDINGS The Chinese have abandoned their boycott of Japanese goods, out of their sympathy for the sufferings of the Jap- anese people in the great earthquake disaster. The Loyal Orange Institution of New Zealand is making a persistent effort to secure the use of the Bible in the public schools of New Zealand. After four years of experiment at the clinic of the New York University Medical School, it is announced that a serum has been discovered which it is believed will cure rheumatism. Five thousand cases have been handled and about 80 per cent of patients have made partial or com- plete recovery. The consumption of milk in the United States increased from 1917 (wet) to 1922 (dry) from 84,612,000,000 pounds in 1917 to 102,562,221,000 pounds in 1922, according to figures made public a few weeks ago. The increase is prob- ably due in large part to the greater use of milk in families where it was not formerly afforded. from one New England shoe factory 62,000 pairs of shoes for Japanese Relief, and of the order 25,000 pairs have already been shipped. Miss Christabel Pankhurst, formerly celebrated as a militant English suffragist, has become convert- ed to Christ and is now a preacher of the Gospel. She has written a book entitled, “The Lord Cometh.” The United States Government maintains a fleet of twenty-eight splendid “dry” ships, thirteen of which operate between New York and Europe. Am- ericans need not travel on booze ships except by choice. Mrs. Mabel W. Willebrandt, an Assistant United States Attorney-General, is to take personal charge of the campaign to wipe out the saloons in Phila- delphia. She will direct the crusade from her office in Washington. Col. C. E. Lowe of St. Louis, Missouri and Henry K. Kneeland of St. Louis, Michigan, two Near East Relief workers, have been given the Greek War Cross for brave and humane action during the Italian bombardment of Corfu. s At a meeting of the National Bank division of -Courses- Synthetic Bible Study—systematic; Practical Christian Work—methods Introductory Bible Course-adapted Evangelism—methods and principles Christian Evidences—facts in sup- Bible Doctrine—great basic doc- Bible Chapter Summary-an easy How to induce Regular Bible Studyin Your Church Nothing can so transform mere church members into workers as the study of God’s word, the Bible—for it is the foundation for faith. Study classes so often fail from lack of experienced leadership or lack of a prac- tical course to follow. nº (Not Sold for Profit 1) succeed because they are built on 34 years' experience of Moody Bible Institute in reli- gious teaching. Last year 10,047 students of almost every race and nationality took one or more of these courses by mail. In our day and evening classes 1,700 more resident stu- dents were training for Christian work. Revitalize your church with a Bible Study Club. Use aSunday School Class, the Young People's Society or a special group. Follow one of our eight tested Home Study Courses and success is yours. Thecostissmall—theseCourses are not sold for profit. Write for free Prospectus of eight courses and plan oforganizing a Bible Study Club. Don’tput it off-tear out andfillin the coupon, and senditin-NOW. MOODY BIBLE INSTITUTE Dept. 3748 153 Institute Place, Chicago, Ill. shows relationship of separate parts to each other. of soul-winning and other forms of Christian work. for beginners, covers entire Bible. of evangelism for Christian workers. port of Christian faith and an in- spired Bible. trines of Christianity. way to know the Bible. cofield Bible Correspondence Course—scholarly, for ministers and Christian workers-covers en- tire Bible. the American Bankers Association, John P. Pueh- licher, retiring president and Edward James Cattell of Philadelphia were enthusiastically cheered for their defense of the National Constitution, which had been assailed by Waldo Newcomer in an argument for the repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment. Introd. Bible Course Evangelism Christian Evidences Bible Doctrine Bible Chapter Summary [] Scofield Bible Course m = mm mm mm - m - rºma - - - - - - - - MOODY BIBLE INSTITUTE, Synthetic Bible Study Dept. 3748 153 Institute Place, CHICAGO, ILL. Please send me FREE your Prospectus describing the Eight D Practical Christian Work Ti Home Bible Study Courses—also your plan for organizing a Home Ei Bible Study Club. I am most interested in those checked at left. H []. Address [Page Thirty] November, 1923 T H E C EIR IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Around the World The Supreme Objective of Every Traveler Travel the “Clark” way and enjoy absolute freedom from responsibility The magnificent new Cunarder LACONIA (oil-burner of 21,000 tons) is your luxurious sea-going Hotel for the entire Cruise of approximately 32,000 miles of travel (123 days) sailing leisurely, en- circling the Globe, visiting the important ports and inland cities in the fascinating and mysterious Oriental countries, strange lands and islands that it has been the dream of a lifetime to see. The only conducted World Cruise º: Sailing from New York January 15, 1924, to: CUBA, through PANAMA CANAL, stopping at LOS ANGELES, thence to HAWAII, we reach JAPAN in plum-blossom time (18 days in Japan and China); 18 days in INDIA and CEYLON. A most fascinating itinerary in all countries visited. Social events, educational lectures, Sunday services, the careful, efficient management which avoids all crowding, and the many inspirational features on board ship will leave a life-long happy memory of the most delightful travel vacation you have ever enjoyed. CHRISTIAN STATESMAN READERS are invited to become members of this Cruise under the experienced guidance of the Managing Di- rector, D. E. Lorenz, Ph.D., author of the well-known travel books, “The Mediterranean Traveler” and the “Round the World Traveler.” Special advantages in selection of accommodations and personal help in all travel plans are offered our readers who join this congenial group. Apply for reservation now as the Cruise is limited as to number. For further particulars address: THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN Publication Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. Illustrated book and ship diagram sent postpaid upon request. November, 1923 [Page Thirty-one] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Christian Martyrs Given to The Lions HRISTIANITY is the greatest fact in history. The early Christians endured martyrdom rather than forsake. Principle. The picture shown herewith depicts 87,000 people assembled in the Coliseum at Rome, to witness the Christians given to the lions. In such a scene may be read the inevitable doom of the Empire that ruled the world. If you would know the history of mankind—every sacrifice for principle, every struggle for liberty, every conflict and every achievement, from the dawn of civilization down to the present time—then embrace this splendid opportunity to place in your home the STANDARD HISTORY OF THE WORLD We will name our Introductory Price and easy terms of payment and mail free our 32 beautiful sample pages to all readers interested. A coupon for your convenience is printed at the bottom of this advertisement. Tear off the coupon, write name and address plainly and mail now before you forget it. We will mail the sample pages without any obligation on your part to buy. You can purchase this great work if you act at once at a very reasonable price and pay for it in cash, or in small sums monthly, as you prefer. Mail the Coupon. Free We will mail free a beau- tiful 32-page bo o k let of sample pages f r o m the S t a n d a rid - º H is to r y of º ºf Wººl ºgº.Tº vºwſ voivº voix. º - - sº º Eºgºs tº º º º the W or 1 d, - - - - º º #. Pºp § ºf º ºf - - --- º - - - rºaº ºratºr - - E on taining || - º ºg "; º ºn gº ºf pictures of º º # º - ºf ºilº º great char- acters in his– tory, to every reader who mails to us the C O U P O N. Six Thousand Years of History COUPON ". Nº. sº *; of h', Yº. $.” The Pyramids of Egypt had looked down—old and still-for e n18tory 0 e Whole human race from the Degln- - - - - - §es ning of civilization down to the present time. #. hundreds of years on the activities of man at the time when *śs you find the growth and development of all govern- Children of Israel passed through Egypt across the Red Sea—and ment, the history of art and literature, the religion - - - f - Be- of peoples and races, and the development of all even before that distant period begins the story of mankind. e commerce and invention. Here you find the fore the separation of races, before the Assyrians were, before the story of all the famous women and men gods of China, before Jerusalem was thought of far back—begins whose names are flashed across the pages of the story; finding for you the first glimmer of light on the blackness history. They are all here. In this his- k d ted And thi t f f tory are the developments of all races of unknown and uncounted ages. noi So this Story Of man, from and nations, the lust of 10,000 battles, the far beginnings through the classic ages, down through the dark the struggle of 1,000 kings, the be- centuries when all Europe stopped for six hundred years in ignorance H. E. SEVER, Pres. 140 So. Dearborn St., Please mail without cost to me, your 32 page. Sam- ple booklet of the Standard History of the World, con: taining sample pages and pic: tures of great characters in his: tory, and write me full particulars - is Nº. inni h - - - - - º §.. The {º 33 *...; ... #. . "...?", and despair—through the Middle Ages gay enough with chivalry—is - eant of history in which mil- brought down to the recent World War. The work covers every race, lions of characters have played every nation, every time. Nothing more interesting, absorbing and their part. inspiring has ever been written. [Page Thirty-two.] November, 1923 AT THE BIG DESK ARTHUR B. COOPER, Business Manager RATES-Payable in advance, $2.00 the year. In Canada and other countries, $2.25. Single copies 20 cents. Club rates on application. REMITTANCES-Should be made by check, draft or money order payable to The Christian Statesman, and mailed to Room 501, Publication Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. Receipt will be sent if two-cent stamp is enclosed with remittance, EXPIRATIONS-The time of expiration is given each month on the wrapper. Special notice will be sent in advance. Please notify us soon after receipt of last copy if you wish discontinuance. RENEWALS-Please specify “renewal” and write name as it appears on the label. If payment is not received in due time we shall not feel warranted in continuing. Please be prompt. CHANGE OF ADDRESS—Change of address or notice for discontinuance should reach us by the first of the month. Lic not fail to give both old and new address. Acknowledgment will be made by change of address on the wrapper. |EST MESSAGE TO EVERY READER Dear Reader: One purpose of this magazine is to give Christian citizens the facts indispensable in any adequate effort to solve the civic problems of today. No other magazine occupies this field. It is rapidly winning the confidence of nation-wide Christian leaders. But The Paramount Purpose Is to Proclaim the Civic Gospel of Our Lord Jesus Christ the King, according as He said, “All Authority Hath Been Given unto Me in Heaven and on Earth. Go Ye, Therefore, and Make Disciples of All the Nations. . . . . Teaching Them to Observe All Things What. H soever I Commanded You.” - --- The COMMISSION is to proclaim the counsels of God BOTH to individual and or- ganized—to all—life. Nations like individuals must be summoned to the altar. Because this has not been done, the nations, and largely all organized life, are today heathem in conduct. - And God is visiting them in wrath. He will even visit our own Nation if Christians do not obey the gospel commission. Do You Believe This? It is a herculean task and requires hastel. In obeying it The Christian statesman º is today the one publication crying in the wilderness. Its message is to Christians in the name of CHRIST the KING. It Cries To You Because The commission of Christ is to You! You cannot escape it. If you cannot influence directly those in authority; if you cannot address Christian citizens; GO fro: your knees with a burning message on your lips, and build up the circulation of t The Mouthpiece of the Civic Gospel of Christ. º - - Do it in your own way—but do it! THE NATIONS FERISHII There is no other name given among men today A LEADING BISHOP OF The Great Methodist “The National Reform Association is doing work which is far-reaching in its influence. Its official organ, The Christian Statesman, is touching a wide circle of people in the interest of morality in Denomination national affairs and touching them in a very help- ful way. I cordially commend The Association and THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN.” William F. Anderson A prominent temperance man recently told us, “The National Reform Association and The Christian Statesman have the key to the situation. They cover the whole field of civic reform and they have the only sure foundation.” Never mind now who the big men are who are behind it. That will come out later. Not many years ago there was little mention of The Christian Statesman among the circle of those who create public sentiment. Ilater we began to note our editorials and paragraphs given prominent place in various periodicals without acknowledgment. Today we learn of none who will brave detection by using matter unaccredited. º- The Christian Statesman is being read in every quarter from bishop to layman, and from voter to statesman. -º-º-º-º: We once did all the soliciting. The public is initiating its own interest these days in subscribing. Here is the latest. “I have heard a great deal about The Christian Statesman. Please enter my name and that of my brother... and bill me for whatever it costs.” --- --- hey are getting it, I - ARE YOU –YOU 2 PRINTED AT THE CRESCENT PRESS, PITTSBURGH, PA. Founded in 1867 —Jesus Christ is Civil GovernorAmong Vol. LVII. DECEMBER, 1923 onal Reform Association Organized in 1863 ; Publication Building, 209 Ninth St., Pittsburgh, Pa. diation was founded by men and women who had conducted a great missionary movement in the years preceding the civil war. It derived its name from the words of Abraham Lincoln’s An of Mareh 30, 1863. He said:— “It is the étity ºf tºrtions, as well as of men, to own their dependence wpon the overruling power of God, $6 coºfess their sim8 &nd #ransgressions & humble sorrow, yet with assºred hope that genuine re- pentance will lead to mercy and pardon, and to recognize the sublime truth announced in the Holy Scrip- tures, grid proven by gll history, that those nations only are blessed whose God is the Lord; &nd insomuch &g we know that, by His Divine Law, nations, like individuals, are subjected to punishments and chastise- #ents ºn this world, mag we not justly fear that the awful calamity of civil war, twhich flow desolates tha land, may be bººt & punishment inflicted ºpen us for our presumptuous sing, to the weedful end of our NATIONAL REFORMATION as a whole people?” From that time to this the Association has been laboring to bring to the consciousness of America and other lands the fact that civil government is subject to the Divine Will and that civil government must sub- mit to Him if the nations would be preserved. The ills of the world are largely due to the failure of moral responsibility by nations. They girl against God and they and their people suffer. The National Reform Association in undenominational but in entirely Christian in its personnel and its purpose. All the Evangelical churches are represented in its official body. - It opposes Church in the State but advocates religion in the State. It holds that the State belongs tº God. Who can deny that? With vice-presidents in nearly all the states of the Union; with headquarters in Pittsburgh, Penn- sylvania; with branch offices in various parts of this country and in other lands, the Association has an Ex- ecutive Committee of fifty men and women, all members of the church Evangelical—business men, lawyers, ministers and publicists. OFFICERS President Thomas D. Edgar First Vice President_... . . . Charles F. Wishart General Secretary.......... . . . . ...James S. McGaw General Superintendent........— ........James S. Martin Corresponding Secretary........ ...John C. Nicholas Asst. Gen. Superintendent................Larimore C. Denise Treasurer James S. Tibby Recording Secretary. .....................James A. Cosby Assistant Treasurer Henry Peel - T H E C H R IS TIAN STATE, y ºm - - =- Not Boasting, But Conse Let us not boast of the years past; let us pray and plan for the years Oncoming. A nation inert and conscienceless, can wither and decay amid its gloried memories Unless it keep itself in touch with that visible God-purpose which appears in every signli, its development, it must soon come to piteous pause and then into ruin, Spiritual and material. We have been favored as no other nation of this Christian era. And in our arrogance of sp. are apt to £orget the Infinite Source of the blessings—blessings measured for a measured purpose il, finite mind. It is written: “Beware lest thou forget Jehovah l’’ That warning was given to a nation. It went unheeded. The nation fell. Its peoples are scattered over the whole globe, and for nearly 2000 years they have been unable to cohere themselves again into a national life. It is as if the Lord had preserved them as a myriad messenger, to warn other peoples to re- member God, lest they too crumble and dissolve. Of the warning truth of history, most Christians are aware. But they think of God’s dealing in the historical and not in the present sense. And yet, almost before our very eyes, within a decade, God has dealt with nations as directly and as avengingly as ever He dealt in ancient times. Nations which wearied Him with their cruelties and defied Him in their ambitions, have been broken like the potter’s vessel. We are now ending a year which opened with foreboding. Mercifully our nation, as many another pow- erful people of the world, has been kept from crashing calamity, through the lovingkindness, the com- passion, the forgivingness of the God of nations. But His patience does not endure forever. We come to the threshold of another year with knowledge that, in every one of its days, we are but the creature of His loving purpose and His merciful care. Beware lest we transgress once too often. He can cast down in a moment as He has raised up through the years. There is no safety for this nation unless it shall come, as a nation, into remembrance of God and into obedience to His law. Almost as the year dies, we hear the voice of great statesmen crying throughout the earth, that civilization is doomed—that the world must go once more into wreckage from which it can emerge only through long and painful centuries of growth and suffering. The prophets foretell that there is one power of redemption from this lowering threat. It is: To come to God while yet there is time. In the face of this national need, how sinful and pitiful seem the remonstrances and the delays of men Admitting that the nation is a creature of God, many of our own Christian leaders refuse to impel a national submission, but choose to tolerate the very defiance of God which assures a national destruction. We believe in the glory and in the perpetuity of this nation until it shall have fulfilled God’s purpose. We believe that the United States will rise in her national acknowledgment and her national obedience, above all the mists of ingratitude and blasphemy toward the God who made and holds us as a nation. We believe that the United States is to lead the world to righteousness in the service of the Divine King, as it has led the world away from submission to earthly kings. But with all these firm beliefs, we know that the nation stands in peril every hour, if the nation shall forget Jehovah. Another year may witness the wrecking of the world, unless God’s leader among the nations, the United States, shall come to Him with all its power of faith, with all its humility of submission, with all its strength under Divine leadership to rescue the governments and the peoples of the earth. December, 1923 [Page One] Hºrst As S T A T E S M A. N. - º (FOUNDED IN 1867) Published Monthly at $2.00 the Year by , he National Reform Association - (ORGANIZED IN 1863) 209 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. COMITTEE ON PUBLICATION:— R. C. Wylie, James S. Martin, Thomas D. Edgar, A. B. Cooper, Lyman E. Davis, J. H. McQuilkin; Frank J. Cannon, Chairman. - Editor-in-Chief—RICHARD CAMERON WYLE Associate Editors—Thomas H. Acheson, Dorothy C. Hyde Business Manager—Arthur B. Cooper | | DECEMBER C O N T E N T S 1923 Page Page Not Boasting but Conesecration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 EDITORIAL Notes by the Way . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Has Islam Reformed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Resolutions on Dr. John Knox McClurkin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 A National Self Destruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Anti-Protestant Unfairness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Avoid Teutonic Imbroglio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 The Annual Meeting . . . . . . . . . . . * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 5 Maligning the Victory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Jabez Says . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Christian Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 And Martha Says . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 National Reform and the Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 - OUTLOOK To Guard against the Gambling Fever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Good Beginning for International Accord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 The Church and the New World Order . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . 19 Do It Now . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 In Ret t 21 Setting the Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 in Retrospect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Degraded Single Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Endorsed by Presbyterian Synod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Facts Demolish the Wets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Industry in Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 - Profitable Generosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Christmas Chimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Too Rich for Our Blood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Compulsory Bible Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Reorganites and Polygamy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Friends of National Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Beware a Breach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 The Fearless Legi 29 “Hephzibah” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 € tº earles S Leg 1011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mormon Brag and Profanity - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12 Rally All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Mormon-Gentile Lines Being Drawn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Never Knew Us Before—Now He Does . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 A Christian Leader’s Word . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 13 Saved through the Gideons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Address contributed articles to the Editorial Department; and business communications to the Business | Department; Christian Statesman, Fourth Floor Publication Building, 209 Ninth St., Pittsburgh, Pa. | - Entered as Second Class matter, July 30, 1906, at Pittsburgh, Pa., under Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. º: [Page Two] - December, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N NOTES BY [E] THE WAY [E] Sunday is becoming the day of arrest. Speech is Pinchot and Silence is Coolidge. Close this year with praise and open the next with prayer. Some of those war profiteers have nothing left but the teers. - The Klan had enough K’s without having Klansman Kill Klansman. That man Pinchot is the Pinch Hitter for Prohibition. Inter-allied notes and German trillion mark notes are approaching parity. New York has no need of theaters for sex drama. Her divorce courts are nasty enough. We have had many a President who was worth more than a billion dollars—to the country. We had to drive whisky out of politics; and now, to finish the job, we must drive politics out of whisky. Study in American universities is not half as much endangered by football as by highball. McAdoo, all Dry, is better for Democracy than both Edwards and Smith, each only half Dry. It seems that two or three Western states didn’t care whom they got for governor, so long as he was totally unfit. France held Germany back to save the world. And the world’s idea of reciprocity is to hold France back to save Germany. No spellbinder will be worth his salt next year unless he can prove that his candidate can make the World all over in six months. The remarkable eyesight of two opposing national chairmen is demonstrated by their seeing in the off year elections of 1923, an absolute assurance of sweeping Repub- lican and Democratic victories in 1924. He who crows early enough has his crow, even if he must eat it later on. After these scholar iconoclasts get through with dressing the Bible in modern words, probably they will try to set the psalms to the jingle of jazz. Coolidge, the Man, in the Church. Coolidge, the Presi- dent, in the State. Both institutions belong equally to God. So Coolidge should be God’s servant in both places. Unscientific German industry: Turning paper pulp into six hundred quadrillion marks, and then furning six hundred quadrillion paper marks back into pulp. Otto Cook, of New York, left an estate of $36,000– $1,000 to his widow, and $35,000 to pay for prayers for his soul. That kind of a soul isn’t worth praying for. Newspapers tell of one woman divorced thirteen times and still going strong. She insists that she is severely virtuous, and our complaisant courts sign up her semi- annual indulgence. An old-fashioned Cleveland dad Spanked his pretty, prankish, new-fashioned daughter. She dragged him to court and the judge sent him to the workhouse. Thus per- ishes the last paternal privilege. When a judge twists technical procedure to protect the fanciful rights of law-breaking brewers, he sacrifices the constitutional rights of one hundred million loyal citizens. He chooses a stinking beer vat for his country. Thank the Lord our faithful President, Calvin Coolidge, himself humbly thanked the Lord, and asked all the peo- ple to join, when he wrote his Thanksgiving proclamation. And he recognized the Divine Rulership by the words ‘‘done in the year of Our Lord.” STORY OF THE MONTH Mr. Big Business Man, with a group of secretaries and accountants and experts and lawyers and stenographers, was trying to figure out his income tax. While the Sweat oozed out of his twitching brow, he moaned: “I wish my folks had started me out to be an underpaid and overworked preacher, instead of a harrassed, victimized, misunderstood, hated, maligned, looted, perse- cuted and blackmailed millionaire. Then it would have been a hundred to one shot I never would have seen enough money to pay surtax on l’’ December, 1923 [Page Three] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A. N. RESOLUTIONS ON DR. JOHN KNOX. McCLURKIN Whereas: It has pleased Almighty God to summon from this sphere of action. His faithful servant, John Knox McClurkin; and Whereas: Through long and valiant years, Doctor McClurkin has been a Director of The National Reform AS- sociation—sagacious in counsel, loyal in purpose, brave in activities; Be It Resolved, by the Directors of The National Reform Association, speaking for ourselves and the whole body of membership, That we do thank our Father in Heaven for the noble life of our brother, John Knox McClurkin; - That we pay tribute to his pure spirituality, his fine intelligence, and his high and steadfast courage; That we extend our sympathy to his congregation in their separation from a wise and loving pastor; to his re- latives and friends who will miss his beautiful companion- ship; and to the City of Pittsburgh and the whole country, in this loss of a strong influence for civic righteousness; That we acknowledge the obligation of this Association to Doctor McClurkin for inspiration, counsel, and generous support through many years; most of all for his sublime and constant testimony to the Kingship of our Lord Jesus Christ; And that we do mourn our loss, while yet yielding submission to God’s decree. Adopted by the Directors of The National Reform Associa- tion, November 9, 1923. ANTI-PROTESTANT UNFAIRNESS By ERNEST TURNER MASON I have been watching, with increasing admiration of late, the fight which William H. Anderson, superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League of New York, is making against the anti-Protestant influences which have gathered around the whisky business and which have been in a more or less defi- nite alliance to destroy the Anti-Saloon League power in the Empire State. Separated from all the heat which this question usually engenders, one can view the facts and come only to a con- clusion that Catholic politicians, anti-Protestant influences generally, the bootlegging trade, and the foemen of our American public school system; are making a common cause in their fight. Mr. Anderson gets all these on One side and fires broad- sides at them. When any other agency cries out against his war-like spirit and remonstrates against the destruction which his shots are working, he merely tells them to get out of the way and let him hit his own target. to fight the whisky business, but he insists that he has to fight everyone that gets between the Anti-Saloon League and the illicit whisky trade. No one who has studied this conflict will offer any pity He started or any sympathy to Mr. Anderson; for he needs none. If ever a man showed that he was able to take care of himself in a fight, William H. Anderson does so. But some of us are interested as citizens in observing , the misuse which these combined anti-Protestant forces are able to make of the governmental agencies in New York. Mr. Anderson was indicted by a special grand jury, under a pretense that he had misused or had misdirected funds of the Anti-Saloon League; although the local officers of that League unanimously certified that he had not so misused any of the funds. For a little time even the friends of Mr. Anderson felt, possibly some of them still feel, that the Anti-Saloon League and Mr. Anderson erred in their manner of accounting for disbursements; but that has ceased to be a matter of public interest in any legitimate sense, because if the League and its Superintendent are at a unity and if the supporters of the League are content, certainly the law enforcement officers have no reason to become so acutely concerned. There was a very peculiar proceeding before the grand jury in procuring this indictment against Mr. Anderson; and his counsel, the famous ex-governor Charles Whitman of New York, demanded the right to inspect the grand jury minutes. The court denied this right or privilege. And yet at the same time the same court granted such right or privi- lege to the counsel for six other defendants, all anti-Pro- testants, who had been indicted for much worse crimes than the one charged against Mr. Anderson. Here was a man, a Protestant, represented by one of the most eminent Protestant lawyers of New York, who could not gain the privilege that the most vicious and guilty anti-Protestant could get. Mr. Anderson is a man of eminence and vigor in a great moral work. Even if one were to assume—as it is impossible to assume—that he committed some actual wrong in his disbursement of the League funds and that the League itself was aiding in the prosecution, as it is not; still he and his counsel would have been especially entitled to access to the grand jury minutes. In no other case of the group under consideration did such a special right exist. And yet it was granted to all the others and denied to him. The inference is so conclusive that there is justification for a call upon Protestant forces to arouse themselves to fight the combined effort which is being made by anti- Protestant conspirators, to break down the Protestant in- stitution in the United States. The Anti-Saloon League in New York is one of the most militant of the Protestant movements. It is officered en- tirely by Protestants. It is supported entirely by Protest- ants, so far as we know. It has many times taken issue with Catholic sympathy for the liquor trade. It has been at open war with the anti-Protestant press. It is now compelled to make a general warfare against all this evil combination which seeks to enfold under its nefarious protection the whisky, the ignorance, and the political corruption which are allied in New York City. Protestants should wake up. [Page Four] December, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A. N. The Annual Meeting The Annual Meeting of The National Reform Associa- tion will be held in Pittsburgh, Pa., on December 2, 3, and 4, 1923. It is confidently hoped, as it is greatly desired, that this will be the most largely attended and the most representa- tive meeting in the modern life of the Association. Assurances have been received from many quarters that tried and true members of long years of experience, will be there to give the inspiration of their presence and the benefit of their counsel, while among the host of new mem- bers are many who also will come to make their participa- tion a vital force in their lives and a helpful force in the life of the Association. A generous program has been provided for the days of December 2, 3, and 4. As usual, the Annual Meeting which is of formal and business character, will take place on the day appointed by Charter, the first Tuesday in December; but in the two days preceding there will be gatherings for inspirational and informative work. The meetings are to be held in the Smithfield Methodist Episcopal Church, corner Smithfield Street and Seventh Avenue, Pittsburgh. - , , , , . The Speakers Bureau of The National Reform Associa- tion has received from the Executive Committee, authority to prepare a program and to conduct the various services and receptions of the season. - - The following is the preliminary program prepared under this authority. It is not likely that any changes will occur; but if there shall be any substitution, members at- tending may rest assured that they will be perfectly satisfied. on Sabbath afternoon, December 2, at 3:00 P. M., Rev. Thomas D. Edgar, D.D., President of The National Reform Association, will make a brief address opening the service, and he will preside during the afternoon. At 3:30, the Hon. Clinton N. Howard of Rochester, New York, Chairman of The National Reform Association’s Commission on World Peace, will make an address on the sub- ject of “The World's One Hope.” Everyone who has heard the “Little Giant” will want to hear him again and on t this momentous question. - Sabbath evening, December 2, at 7:45 o'clock, the Rev. Daniel L. Marsh, D.D., will preside and make an address. Hon. Frank J. Cannon, Chairman of The National Reform Association’s Committee on Publication, will speak on “Take Your City to God.” - On Monday morning, December 3, at 10:45 o'clock there will be a joint meeting of The National Reform Association committees and visiting members, with the Alle- gheny County Ministerial Association of which Rev. Daniel L. Marsh, D.D. is the president. After preliminary addresses, Governor Gifford Pinchot of Pennsylvania will speak on ‘‘Law Observance.” Thus will be met on a great occasion one of the most important issues of the day, and a man who in his own person represents a great leadership for the people and for God upon that issue. Unquestionably the church will be crowded upon this occasion and people must come early if they would find a place. A special meeting for women only, will be held on Mon- day afternoon, December 3, at 3:00 P. M. Mrs. Ella M. George, State President of the Pennsylvania W. C. T. U., will preside, and the famous Mrs. Lulu Loveland Shepard will speak on “Mormon Temple Secrets.” As stated, this meeting is for women only; but from previous experiences it can be assured in advance that the church will be crowded by those who desire to hear Mrs. Shepard’s eloquence. Monday evening, December 3, at 7:45 o'clock, with Rev. Thomas D. Edgar presiding, “The International Christ” will be presented by the Rev. James S. McGaw, D.D., Gen. eral Secretary of The National Reform Association. This address by Dr. McGaw has been heralded by congregations elsewhere as one of the most impressive deliverances from the modern pulpit. Everyone who can attend should seize this opportunity to hear the message from America’s great pulpit orator. - On Tuesday, December 4, at 9:30 A. M., the annual business meeting of the Association will convene, with Rev. Thomas D. Edgar, D.D., President of the Association, in the chair. Matters of great importance are to be con- sidered at the Annual Meeting and a full attendance of members is desired and is in part assured. The work has been accelerated during recent years and the opportunity is ever widening to proclaim to the world the Kingship of Our Lord, the Master. This is a special and mighty missionary service to the nations. All who have served in this cause through many years, can see in the present situation an opportunity for the fruition of their hopes and prayers. - In the afternoon of December 4, at 3:00 P. M., with Dr. Edgar in the chair, the Hon. B. F. McDonald of Columbus, Ohio will speak on “The Dry Drive.” Mr. McDonald is the Prohibition Commissioner for the State of Ohio and his utterances upon this crying question of the day will arouse the widest interest and be of the greatest possible value. On the night of Tuesday, December 4, at 6:30 P. M., there will be a banquet and a reception to which are invited all the members of the Association, who shall be in Pitts- burgh at that time. These banquets and receptions have been seasons of inspiration and of happy fellowship in the past. A special program is being prepared for this season. The arrangements for this banquet have been placed in the hands of Dr. James S. McGaw, General Secretary; and this fact is assurance of a success. December, 1933 [Page Five] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N + - ſº JABEZ SAYS i - [E] They have revived the old ducking stool law in New Jersey. One hundred and fifty years ago some self-satis- fied male bosses of this world concluded that they did not want any reproaches from inferior womanhood, so they passed a statute under which the magistrate could send a scolding woman to the mill pond to be soused. Quite recently, a constable haled a talkative dame before the local judge who decreed the oldtime penalty. In the face of the howl of indignation which women are no longer afraid to express, and because of the icy cold water, he modified his decision and levied a heavy fine upon the WOIIla, Il. I do not like scolding women—no mere man does; and the scoldier he is in his own way, the less he likes feminine rivalry. And if the ducking stool were a cure, perhaps one might be willing to turn his chivalrous eyes away and yet glory in the result. But far more injurious than the scolding woman is the sulking man. If our forefathers had not been so smugly content with their own claim of superiority, they might have provided something more severe than the ducking stool for the husband who goes around the house, heart filled with cruelty and mouth filled with satire and sneer. There are no statistics on the subject, so I shall manu- facture a few : for every one really scolding woman in this world there are ten sulky men who ought to be scolded or ducked—or tied to a whipping post. Fifty years ago an English lad did something which later on it took the whole world to do over again. He licked Wilhelm Hohenzollern—and licked him to a finish. The English boy was Alfred Russell Price living at Il- fracombe, a seaport on the Bristol channel. Wilhelm was there with a galaxy of his “wellborn” attendants–tutors, physicians, athletic instructors, chamberlains, secretaries and all the other polishers of his imperial highness. Assuming a right over all the shore, Wilhelm threw pebbles at the bathhouse which belonged to young Price's father; and after vain warnings, Price ran over and smashed Wilhelm in the right eye. This was the beginning of a tremendous assault. Before Wilhelm’s reinforcements could come up with their heavy batteries, Price had cut the royal lip and almost knocked the royal ear into cauliflower shape. It is reported that Wihelm let other people's bathhouses alone on the beach at Ilfracombe from that time on. Price died the other day in London; but he had lived long enough to see the job which he began in the early 70’s, Prepare to read a heresy. Here is something which antagonizes all the civilization of this day. We are in too much of a hurry. Ninety per cent of the slaughter of people in the streets and on the highways, could be avoided if folks were not in such a crazy rush to get somewhere, in order to flee away from the place at which they arrive and to step on the accelerator to get back to the place they started from: and if people who have to tread shoe leather, were not so madly infatuated with the notion that to beat the second hand on a clock or watch, is the sole object of human move- ment. We have gone into a scuttling and scrambling rivalry universal, to see who can get anywhere, or nowhere—first. Speed up, and speed up again; and then devise ways to energize everything to produce still more speed. I know all this is heresy. One's best friends will point to the marvelous achievements of this day as an unanswer- able argument against him when he even dares to question the propriety of super-acceleration. And still, like most other heretics, I cling to my error– if it be error. I wish people did fewer things; and did more things that are worth while. I wish that people made fewer movements, and had less false motion. I wish that good manners and the power of reflection and the careful maturing of one earnest purpose, to be carried out in a thoughtful way, were not all immolated upon the sacrilegious altar of speed. We are teaching to the young person, by example, a false notion that haste in movement is more essential than proper direction in movement; and that to do many things in an hour is more important than to do one thing well. And yet all around us we see in the Divine order the safe movements, in the firmament where orbs are held under the law, in the precession of the seasons which take their accustomed times, in God's bounty of the earth’s yield which requires its appointed growing time—as we know also from the order of creation with its day of rest—that hurry, undue hurry, is not a necessary part of the Divine plan. A few years ago when we saw anyone wildly scooting, we thought he was running for a doctor in a life or death GaSe. - Now we only assume that he is scurrying to get to the movies before someone else can get there, so that he can have time to Scurry out again and go to another movie to See a picture which he will have forgotten in the hurry of ºf tomorrow. rounded out to a completeness by the Allied armies of thea º world and by an indignant German people in 1918. a And now if all this petulant remonstrance is heresy sagainst modern progress, then I am a heretic. [Page Siac] December, 1923 "I H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N [E] AND MARTHA SAYS | [E], That was a glorious day five years ago when word came that the Great War was over, that the armies of Europe were standing still, and that “Our Boys” would soon be home—shattered and broken perhaps, but home again to be guarded and restored by our faithful, grateful love. How we cried, and cheered, and thanked God! And now I’m wondering—wondering whether those were crocodile tears of hypocrisy, cheers for three lumps of sugar in our coffee, praise to God for the preservation of our property and our selfish skins. Because—on November 11, 1923, the newspapers in some of our cities had to beg and plead with automobile owners for the use of machines to carry our boys in the Armistice Day parade' People needed their cars to go off for a day's junketing. by it—which can feel only a jealous resentment for benefits conferred. The longer I live the more firmly I believe that it takes a big soul to be truly grateful. Jabez and others have said some complimentary things in these pages about our various Presidents of the United States. They have even gone so far as to declare (what is that quotation about damming with faint praise?) that we have never had a bad President. As the after dinner speakers say, “So much has been said and so well said” on that subject that I will add nothing except my full agreement. I would not pluck a single leaf from the laurel that adorns our Presidents’ brows. But Presidents are human; and, like other good, human men, they have needed— º and have had—good women Armistice Day 1918 was a holy day; but Armistice Day 1923 was merely a holi- day. And Our Boys are scarcely our boys now. - How small and mean such selfishness must be in the sight of God! a babe. Are you a good house- keeper or a good home maker? Or are you that pearl among women, who can be both 2 Being one doesn’t prove that you are the other. I’ve known many a good housekeeper who would never win any loving cups as a home maker. And I’ve also mother’s heart. childhood for all time. I praise God that He did send to us His Son, our Redeemer and our Lord, not as a man but as The hands and feet that would be pierced with mails, knew first a mother’s gentle touch; the brow that was to wear the cruel thorns, rested for a while upon a mother’s breast; and the side that was to sheath the spear, felt first on earth the beat of a | He, the Mighty One of all the ages, the King of all the World, lay, tender and helpless, within the protecting circle of His mother’s loving arm. And the light that shone around the mother and the Holy Child has glorified motherhood and back of them. Many of us have precious personal memories of some of Our First Ladies of the Land. One of my own early recol- lections is of Frances Folsom Cleveland, as beautiful in mind and heart as in feature —a radiant personality never to be forgotten. I can remember too, Ida Saxton McKinley, physically frail, but of a gentle and winning charm. Her very delicacy had its power, and stimulated in William Mo- Kinley a chivalrous devotion that endeared him to all America. - known, occasionally, a good - home maker who would never be pointed out as one of the best housekeepers in town. Cleanliness and order are helps to comfortable and gentle living—if they aren’t carried too far. But vanity sometimes rules an immaculate housekeeper; it's love that animates a true home maker. “The Lord loveth a cheerful giver.” But I believe that He likes also a gracious receiver. Generosity is in- volved in receiving as well as in giving. Don’t you know people who are willing to confer favors, but who will never accept them, or who accept them grudgingly? They in- sist on playing the star role of giver but will not take the smaller part of receiver. The capacity for gratitude is a test of character. There are natures which are soured instead of sweetened In recent years we have had Edith Kermit Roosevelt, Helen Herron Taft, Ellen Axson Wilson, Edith Bolling Wilson—each one a woman of character, dignity, and intelligence. Eushrined in our tenderest regard is Florence Kling Harding. And now we can all point with pride to cheerful, capable, sensible Grace Goodhue Coolidge. I’m glad that we have President Coolidge to look after the country. And I’m mighty glad that we have Mrs. Coolidge to look after the President. - COUrageOUS An egotist has just confided to me that lately he had a stunning thought. It came to him while he was crossing a busy street, and he was almost run over. It was this: “Every other person is as important to himself as I am to myself.” December, 1993 º - [Page Seven] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N [E] - OUTLOOK - GOOD BEGINNING FOR INTERNATIONAL ACCORD One thing we have from the triumphal tour of Lloyd George throughout the United States, is the memory of a marvelously vital personality, magnified to us by the colossal part which he played in the history of the world during its most trying experiences. And another thing is with us which has upon it no glamour but within it an admonition which the whole English speaking world should heed. Lloyd George tells us that if the folk who talk in our language shall unite in a solemn and sacred compact they can hold the world steady. This is true. Is such a relation worth while? Does it offend too much the racial prejudices of some of Our Own citizens of other than British extraction? The English speaking nations are Christian nations, by tradition, by custom, if not by avowed national faith and They derive their laws from the same common fount. In large degree they have the same ideals of civilization. They have the same splendid sense of fair play. They have a dynamic power which, rightly guided, would make them as formidable for peace as they ever could be in War. We are for closer communion between the Engish speak- ing peoples; and also we are for the spirit which can main- tain such communion as a lasting force for good, and with- out which all attempted cohesion will be a failure. It is general practice. essential that the communion which they make and the work, which they do, shall be done as a tribute to the Lord of nations. The singular blessings which He has poured out on English speaking peoples ought to arouse their reverence and their submission to Him as Ruler and stimulate their fra- termity toward each other. One may say this without any assumption that the Lord of nations gives prerogative of ar. rogance to English speaking peoples. Others have special gifts which He has bestowed, peculiar opportunities which He has extended, watchful care and sustenance which He has conferred upon them. But as a beginning toward that fraternity of nations which is essential if they are to become the kingdoms of our Lord and His Christ, let English speaking peoples of the world come together in concord and in determination. Against their combined power no other nations of the world could make successful physical controversy at the present time. And to their combined moral sentiment no other nation or group of nations in the world would dare to offer affront. We wish Lloyd George had felt free to outline his plans by which such communion is to be effected. He says that without it, civilization is doomed. By what instant plan shall the English speaking peoples accomplish a preservation? DO IT NOW There was a time when the united determination of the Allies could have brought a settlement, in terms, of the reparation issue between Germany and her victorious foes. With such settlement in terms accepted by Germany and with all her energies devoted in good faith to a fulfillment, her own industrial power would have been quickened, her own people would have been employed and fed, her own standing in the world of nations would have been enhanced; and then, if her best endeavor had been insufficient for the fulfillment of the terms, the whole world would have asked either modification of the amount or an extension of the time. But in the lapse of the years, Germany has broadcasted her propaganda throughout the world to show her inability; her great industrial leaders have demoralized her finances; complications have ensued involving the trade of Great Britain and other countries; and today the only resolvent of the chaos seems to be the Hughes plan for an inter- national commission to study into German conditions and to determine the ability of Germany to pay. In a way this will be a victory for the industrial leaders of Germany. They wanted postponement; they have achieved it. They wanted a review of the treaty stipu- lations as to indemnity; they have practically secured it. They wanted a lessening of the total amount of reparation and a longer time; in all probability they will obtain it. As Grover Cleveland used to say, it is a condition and not a theory which now confronts us. Even Lloyd George, who threatened to do exactly what France has done, is now on the side of mitigated method. And if he, the most militant and influential of the European leaders among the Allies, has receded completely from his asserted and long maintained position, there is little hope that any aggregation of governmental purpose among the entente Allies can be effectuated which can compel a literal execution, at this belated time, of the conditions fixed in the Treaty of Ver- sailles and in detail by the Reparations Commission or- dained by that Treaty. - - It is one of those sad cases where the opportunity to do the right thing has passed. And now all that is left is to do the next best thing. - But longer delay in an acceptance of the Hughes plan will only provoke new complication. It ought to be carried out at once and a careful and unprejudiced scrutiny of German resources Ought to be made. Then, as promptly as possible, the new plan for reparations should be fixed and this should be driven through regardless of propaganda. For the world will never come to its equilibrium in finance and industry while the present chaos reigns. - [Page Eight] December, 1923 T H E C H R T S T I A N S T A T E S M A N SETTING THE LIMIT Great Britain appears to have conceded, and most grace- fully, the right of the United States to make search and seizure of whisky smuggling craft as far as the twelve mile limit from shore; while Great Britain retains her claim of maritime rights up to the three mile limit. It takes an admiralty lawyer to understand how both things can be, but we are content with the practice and shall not worry about the theory. And another good arrangement has been made between the two nations, each for itself and acting together. The United States ships are to be Dry. British ships are to be Wet, bringing their liquors under seal into American ports and not breaking their seals until after they leave Américan waters. Whether the plan contemplates that the American waters shall in this case extend to three miles or twelve miles can make very little difference to the general public; and the thirsty man on board, if the limit be twelve miles, will have to hold his parched throat for nine miles. This fulfills the desire of the Dry people. Folks who want to go on Wet ships can go on Wet ships, and the people who want to go on Dry ships can sail on Dry ships. And the whole public will know which is which. DEGRADED SINGLE STANDARD A noted English novelist, recently visiting in America, says that English women are now powerful enough to de- mand and to enforce their demand for a single standard of morals. He says that there are two million surplus women in England, due to loss of men in the war, and that womanhood over there declines longer to be subjected to the disadvantage which was apparent in the maintenance by social usage, of a double standard of morals. Upon read- ing, one is thrilled by the idea of a mighty uplift. Here is glorious womanhood grown powerful enough to effectuate a purification of social life and of the streams of individual life, by substituting the single standard for the double or triple or loose varied standards which have prevailed. But upon reading further, one is horrified to note that the English visitor does not mean a single standard which shall lift man to the sacred and inviolable ground which man has demanded that woman shall occupy; but he means that, in their new freedom, women assert a right to the lower ground upon which, admittedly, men have stood throughout the generations. And thus the single standard which is proposed as a standard, is no standard at all but an eradication of standards—with a loosening of all the sacred ties which bind family and society in holy union. We do not believe that the English visitor speaks for the true heart of womanhood. It would be a calamity to the race—a calamity beyond any words of description—if women, in finding their new freedom, and with the power of preponderating population, should choose to take lower ground for themselves, rather than require men to come to higher ground. PROFITABLE GENEROSITY Sometimes early and sometimes late, but rather frequent- ly, the United States makes a noble investment of justice or generosity in dealing with other nations. Comes now the word from Japan that the old and acute antagonism against us, on account of our immigration laws, has vanished in a grateful recognition by the Japanese of the aid which was so promptly and lavishly rendered by the people of the United States at the time of the earth- quake and fire and tidal wave disaster. The American people did not give with any such calcu- lation in mind. They cast their bread upon the waters without any sense of selfishness. But it returns after a few days. MALIGNING THE VICTORY The English writer, George Lansbury, in his noted and widely discussed work, ‘‘No More War,’’ says that “nothing that Germany might have done if allowed her own way unhindered by France, Russia and Britain, could possibly have exceeded the horrors wrought on humanity by the War.’’ Such unreasoning and unreasonable assertions do more harm than the reckless cry of the war makers. Inasmuch as Mr. Lansbury assumes to measure what would have been the consequences of a German unhindered advance in 1914 and the years following, it is quite fair in the controversy, for others to speculate upon what might have been the result. There certainly is as much warrant in logic for the latter as for the former, with the added factor that some proofs exist upon the one side, while Mr. Lansbury’s conclusion is entirely speculative. It is a fair assumption that, if Germany had been allowed her unhindered way, she would have marched through all the white nations, laying them under tribute and making of them appanages of her war lord as the all- highest suzerain. With such subjugation of Belgium, France and Britain and with their conscripted help to conquer the United States and levy upon its man power for growing armies, the militaristic insanity of the German con- querors would have attempted a conquest of the Orient. And probably three-quarters of a billion of the yellow races would have stood for a life and death struggle. The im- measurable bloody consequences of such a strife as this cannot be grasped by the human mind, except in the sense of an awful and despairing fear. It is a reasonable judgment that Germany was stayed none too soon and that all the cost was repaid by the event. If Mr. Lansbury can point to historical evidences which preponderate, in favor of a voluntary cessation of a con- quering march by an ambitious and arrogant war leader, he ought to give them to the world as substantiation of an utterance which otherwise is both absurd and dangerous. Mr. Lansbury maligns the victory which was won for the human race. December, 1923 [Page Nine] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Too Rich For our Blood Two learned professors from Johns Hopkins, after care- ful survey of existing things, with an accurate backward look and a prophetic forward look, have notified the world that New York City will have twenty-nine millions of peo- ple in 77 years from now. The tabulations which accompany their prognosis are sufficient to justify the conclusion which they reached, pro- vided one shall sedately assume no violent intervention in the disorderly processes by which New York grows. We call the processes disorderly because the mass of human beings who pile into that Gotham are governed by less rea- son than characterizes the ant of an African veldt. Without adequate housing, with grossly inadequate transportation, and with a fatalistic disregard for comfort, hundreds of thousands crowd in and still crowd into New York—while the whole vast continent might be theirs if only they would stop to reason and to act upon what reason dictates. There is not room in the Greater New York area now for the nine millions of people who are crowded into the five thousand square miles of that territory—the territory which the calculators assume will be occupied by twenty-nine mil- lions in 77 years from now. More than a million people are badly housed or not at all housed. Rentals have risen from a normal figure to a profiteering gouge of 100 to 400 per cent above fair interest on invested money and fair cost of upkeep. Busses, surface lines, elevated railways and Subway lines rush at maddening speed all day and all night, and yet are unable to carry with any comfort the millions of passengers who make demand during every twenty-four hours. It is nearly a day’s work, and it is enough nerve strain for a week, to get to and from one’s toil if one live outside of the impossible high-priced centers. The costs of living rise continually. - New York is not in the main an industrial city, nor is it likely to become such. It is a great crowding together of people engaged in finance, and a huddling of the mil- lions who hang on for the crumbs which fall from the table of finance. The cost of New York is maintained by the industry of the country at large. And there is no reason to believe that the industry of this nation can make a profit which Will support one largely non-productive city of twenty-nine millions, either in 77 years or in twice that period of time. New York is glorious in many respects. She has a great brain. She has a great heart. But in the excessive magnificence which is already manifest in her life—the ag- gregation of millions of people who are non-productive in the primary sense; she is already a menace. Her size, with the demand which she makes upon the sustaining power of the rest of the country, is a dangerous burden. To treble this luxury by trebling the population of the present kind of New York, is a sin against economics. What the present New York ought to do, aided by all the ethical agencies of the country, is to send out from her con- fines two millions of her jammed people that they may find N . occupation in rural life and in Smaller cities, and grow into a worthy productiveness and higher motive. Twenty-nine millions in 77 years! Too many cormor- ants. With all our extravagance as a people, that would be too rich for our blood. - - REORGANITES AND POLY GAMY Rev. A. G. Larkey, formerly of the Reorganized or Latter Day Saints Mormon Church and now a pastor in the Methodist Episcopal Church, has been delving into the records and he shows how completely the Reorganized or Latter Day Saints Church is tarred with the stick of polygamy. In a word of information which all students of the sub- ject ought to examine, Rev. Larkey makes the great point that the first Mormon conference to endorse polygamy in public was that which was held at Palestine, Illinois, Octo- ber 1851 under the leadership of William Smith, brother of the original false prophet, Joseph Smith, and the natural or assumed guardian of young Joseph. * That endorsement of 1851 was given nearly a year before the Brighamites or Utah Mormons endorsed polygamy. The Mormons who call themselves the Latter Day Saints in order to escape the odium of the word Mormon, and who deny the doctrine and practice of polygamy, averring that their church never gave countenance to it and that Joseph, Smith the original did not institute it, are absolutely over- thrown in their arguments by the actual record. Dr. Larkey shows that William Smith was really the founder of the Reorganized church, acting as regent for his young nephew, Joseph, son of the original prophet, until young Joseph should come of an age to take into his own hands the reins of government. And the quality of William Smith is shown by this statement quoted by Rev. Larkey, from the verbatim report appearing in the Niles National Register published at Baltimore, Maryland, issue of Novem- ber, 15, 1845, in which William Smith says: Ses I, to Brigham Young, ses I, how is it a goin’ to be about Young Joseph, who should in rights be the head of the church, as his father and the family have stood the brunt of the storm 2 Ses he, ses Brigham Young, “If we go to preach- ing Young Joseph now, these enemies on our borders will shoot the young prophet as they did his father,” and so they got the head of the church aside, and ever since it ain’t been a gitten along at all. :: :: #: # # #: The rest of the Christian world is not particularly in- terested in the squabbles between the different branches of Mormonism concerning either polygamy or the succession to the throne of the prophet. But the whole Christian world is interested in knowing that the two most important branches of Mormonism, the Brighamites and the Josephites, have a common origin and had a common faith concerning polygamy. That the Brighamites have grown to greater magnitude than the other branch, is due to the genius of Brigham Young. And that the present Josephite branch repudiates polygamy, is probably due to the fact that it has its habitat in a region where polygamy could not have been maintained. [Page Ten] December, 1923 THE CHRISTIAN STATES MAN BEWARE A BREACH By JAMEs ELLINGTON MASON With keen admiration for President Calvin Coolidge and Governor Gifford Pinchot, and with a willingness to look upon either one of them as a qualified candidate for the Presidency, a thoughtful man must deplore the appear- ance of a growing separation between them. Both of them are for the Dry cause. Both of them are resolute in their character. Either one of them would de- vote the agencies of Government to law enforcement. The creation of a movement which shall directly or in- directly make an antagonism between these two men, for the sake of political advantage to one or the other, might be a serious injury to the great cause in this country. - When the Citizenship Conference met in Washington, there was no thought on the part of many of us who gave sympathy and admiration to that movement, that any part of its purpose was to challenge adversely or unfairly, or even to challenge at all, the President of the United States on law enforcement. Governor Pinchot was the most extensively advertised of the speakers at that Conference and through the press it was made to appear that he had some personal political purposes in ‘‘putting up enforcement of the liquor laws directly to the President himself.” So far as some of us can see, President Coolidge has not faltered in any way nor has he lacked in any respect in this particular matter. He announced that his purpose was to carry out the Harding policies. He retained the same Cabinet officers; and there is no evidence that, in any degree, the work which Mr. Harding had directed along this line was modified, but rather it was intensified as time passed on. At the hour of the Citizenship Conference, President Coolidge had been in office only a little more than two months; and at best any real or implied criticism would have been premature. I do not believe that Gifford Pinchot is capable of at- tempting to steal unfairly a march upon President Coolidge for the nomination. My idea of Mr. Pinchot has been several times expressed in the pages of THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN. Even so late as the October number I spoke of President Coolidge and Governor Pinchot as being two great, qualified, and inspiring leaders of the best American thought and purpose. . I want to be justified in retaining that attitude of mind toward these two men. Particularly I do not want to see an issue drawn between them concerning the enforcement of the laws against liquor. Such a drawing of the issue would of necessity throw the cause into some turmoil and it would arouse suspicions; it would provoke accusations and counter-accusations; and it would stimulate the ever ready imps of the whisky business in their favorite work of spread- ing disaffection in the ranks of the Drys. Finally, in the political urgencies which are likely to arise, it might throw the power of the Wets secretly over to the side of one or the other of the candidates. And that is the final thing which moral foresight in politics desires to foreferd. For it is an unfailing experience in our political life that when favor is extended by any element, no matter how bad it is, it manages to exact more than com- pensating favor in return after election. Pure and deter- mined as may be the motives and the action of the success- ful candidate, he is surrounded by political advisors who have had to give promises in order to gain support, and whose honor and political prestige are involved in their fulfillment of the pledges they have given. There is plenty of opportunity for emulation, and even for rivalry and competition, between these two splendid Americans, without dragging in the Dry question as an issue between them. That way lies danger. ** H E P. H. Z I B A H 72% By R. M. DOWNTE Ye spirits, who with rapture gaze, While Love Divine, as on a boundless stage, With matchless art reclaims the heart Of erring man,—the drama thickening with each age: Ye Seers, who from Pisgah heights Or nearer Patmos shores, in symbols dim, Have half unsealed and yet concealed His purposes alike from men and Seraphim: Ye heavenly monitors, who guard The Fount from which all truth flows down to earth, Who gage its power to serve the hour For which it was ordained, for which both come to birth: Ye ancient hopes but half expressed, Whose presence unifies Humanity, Gives it one soul, one final goal, One standard of intelligence and sanity: Ye singers who have felt the thrill Of Heaven's holy melody and mirth, Who echo here, the songs which there Foretell the glories of God's recreated earth: - Come all; and lend this halting lyre The skill to sing, in fitting strain, the Plan By which our King is laboring - To rear His Kingdom from the ruin wrought by man; And make each thought indicted here - Burn brightly with the truth which men ignore, That Regal Love, ere it can prove . Benign, must sceptered be with universal power. This limping lay one purpose dares— To voice the truth that even Saving Grace— Yes even He of Calvary, Uncoronate, is shorn of power to save the race. The goal and glory of all things Before each hesitating age recede, For that the crown which He has won - is mocked by one of thorns, new platted for his head. The Babel-builders of all time - Have left among the rubbish and the silt, That Corner Stone on which alone - All heaven-reaching human triumphs must be built. The Cap-Stone of God's Building waits Till votive love shall lift it to its berth, Rejected lies, till men arise -- - Whose leal acclaim “Grace to it,” shall hail it forth. *Symbolical name for the Kingdom of Christ. Isaiah 62-4. December, 1923 [Page Eleven] THE CHRISTIAN STATES MAN Mormon Brag and Profanity [Special Correspondence] The recent semi-annual conference of the Mormon Church held in the tabernacle in this city, was a character- istic affair. That is to say, it was full of boasting and empty assertion and what Arthur T. Hadley, president em- eritus of Yale, recently intimated was an American char- acteristic, “bumptiousness.” In this particular case Mor- mon bombast reached a greater height than usual—or went to a lower depth; and it exhibited in greater degree than can be found anywhere else, the assumed national tendency for self-advertising. It does not seem to bother the Mormon leaders any to deny at one conference what they asserted at another, for their dupes swallow both assertion and denial with equal avidity. If they gag any at the dose, they make no outward manifesta- motto “Sufficient unto the day is the lie thereof.” They tell anything to suit the instant occasion; and having gotten by, as they think, some particular difficulty, they are pre- pared to go on and tell another and bigger one or to re- verse their position and tell an old one. It is not a matter of mystery why the prophet made his chief address on this particular point; because the or- ganization of the two American political parties—one called American and the other called Progressive—with the as- surance that the country would hear of their protest, made it desirable for the prophet to deny in toto the ground upon which these parties stand. Every man who depends upon such methods comes to the end of his string after awhile. And Prophet Grant is proving no exception. tion of their disgust – at least while they are in the tabernacle. Heber J. Grant, chief of the church, in his most solemn exor- dium to his conference, said that the priesthood of its church, under re. velation, had the power —and used the power— º º and civilization of the world. I know that the Mormon Gospel is true, that Joseph Smith was a prophet of God, and when I know a thing I know it. worry about what the other fellow says? cerned, they can go to hell, and that’s where the most of them belong. —President J. Golden Kimball, There has been no other man (than Joseph Smith) since the Redeemer who has contributed so much to the philosophy, religion Outside of the taber- nacle and the temple, even Mormons sneer at him or chuckle at his absurd misstatements; and the American citi- zens of this vicinity would laugh if all the laughter had not been bludgeoned out of them during the Why As far as I am con- of the Quorum of Seventies. —Apostle Richards. only to do with spiritual affairs of the church, and that it could not be tyrannical or compulsory. * If there were the slightest sense of humor in the Mor- mon congregations or if any had been left in the Gentile population of Mormondom after all these grinding years, this would have been the greatest joke of the season. Two political parties have been organized in Utah within six months past, officered by some of the most conscientious and able of our American citizens, to fight the Mormon Church intrusion by its priesthood into political and business affairs. The tyranny and the compulsion which the Mormon Church through its priest- hood has exercised in these domains, has justified the action of independent citizens who risk their all in Mormondom to make their solemn protest. But if the evidence of others than Mormons is not deemed of value in this case, we have only to go back two or three conferences to the declaration of the presiding bishop, Charles W. Nibley, who says that the church is in business and that it is the business of the church to be in business. And only a little further back we find the prophet of the church declaring in the pulpit that it was, and would continue to be, the right of the priesthood of God to rule in all things, temporal and spiritual. The Mormon prophets seem to have adopted for their ten years of the pre- sent conditions in Utah. If nothing else would bring Prophet Grant to an accounting of his falsehoods, Utah's loss of business and political prestige in the United States—with the relative loss of population to Salt Lake—would do the business. # * * * * * The kind of stuff that is fed to the Mormon multitude to give to it a thrill of surprise and to afford vaude- ville entertainment, is illustrated by the address of J. Golden Kimball, a son of that Heber C. Kimball who was Brigham’s first counsellor. The present Kimball is a member of the hierarchy, being one of the seven presi- dents of the seventies. In the course of a rambling and laugh provoking ser- mon in the general conference, October, 1923, Kimball said: I know that the Mormon Gospel is true, that Joseph Smith was a prophet of God, and when I know a thing I know it. Why worry about what the other fellow says 7 As far as I am concerned, they can go to hell, and that’s where the most of them belong. Most of the other speakers at the conference gave their time to a piling up of brag about Mormonism. One of the hierarchs started the riot of boasting by this statement about Joseph Smith, the founder of the false cult: [Page Twelve] December, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N There has been no other man since the Redeemer who has contributed so much to the philosophy, religion and civilization of the world. With that statement as their text, practically all of the speakers who followed pointed to Mormonism as the one true faith, to Mormons as the most worthy people, and to Mormondom as the world seat of righteous power. # * * * * * Mormonism is fond of saying, “By their fruits ye shall know them.” If one were to apply this test and judge the character of Mormon leaders and Mormon congrega- tions by the falsehood, brag, and profanity which character- ize the general conferences, one would dismiss Mormonism and Mormons as being quite as unworthy of Christian fel- lowship as they are declared to be in the Ten Reasons given by the Presbytery of Utah. MORMON-GENTILE LINES BEING DRAWN By LULU LoVELAND SHEPARD Political affairs are at white heat in Utah because of the organization of two political parties to resist the domi- nation of the Mormon Church. At an interesting meeting recently held, one speaker said: - “When the leaders of the Mormon Church break the solemn compact entered into when Utah became a state, they are worse than the former kaiser; the kaiser at least admitted that he stood for the union of Church and State. If this thing goes on, someone is going to get up and tell the truth. This may lead to a Federal court investigation. An inquiry may be made of the church property that is going untaxed, to determine if it is really being used for charitable purposes. Maybe the books of tithing will be brought into court and if they are, the eyes of some peo- ple will be opened.” The Mormon Church is in business to the extent of being a trust contrary to the laws of the United States and the laws of Utah. So long as this is true, there will always be people who will truckle to the Mormon Church and the Gentiles are more to blame than the Mormons for the rea- son that they allow it to continue. So powerful is the Mormon Church that the last Utah legislature contained only five Gentiles and seventy-five Mormons, and this legis- lature passed a bill “which permits the use of School- houses for any purpose or business which does not incur expense to the school district.” This has resulted in re- ligion classes being held in public schools, and children are given credit for all Mormon theology study the same as for any other part of the regular curriculum. This has not been wholly confined to the country districts but it has reached into some of the city schools. Is it any wonder that Gentiles resent this use of the public schools for teach- ing Mormon religion; and is it any wonder that thousands have moved away from Utah during the last two years in order that their children might escape from these conditions? Real estate has decreased to such an extent because of high taxes that it is now a liability instead of an asset. Utah is suffering under the blight of the Mormon Church, and what is true of Utah will be true of every state where the Mormon Church through its financial power, gets a foot-hold. It should be possible to rid Utah of the reactionary spirit which has retarded progress and subverted the uses of statehood to those of priestcraft. Some time ago, the church paper, The Deseret News, said in sum and substance that if the Gentiles didn’t like Utah the trains were still running both ways, and that they could get out most any day. How would the citizens of the good old U. S. A. like to see the Mormon Church controlling our entire country, and telling us that the steamers were crossing the ocean each way and that if we didn’t like their rule, we could take our passage to some other country? That is exactly what we will have to face unless there is an awakening everywhere and the Mormon Church leaders are compelled to keep their church out of politics. º - ſº A CHRISTIAN LEADER'S WORD One of the ablest and most splendid Gentiles in Utah, a Christian statesman, writes a letter from which we feel at liberty to make the following excerpta : . As yet the Gentiles of Utah (as a whole) have shown no desire to be saved or to save the Mormons. Until this happens progress will be slow and evil will seem to prevail. I do not believe there is any real revival or desire for free- dom on the part of the Gentile business men of Salt Lake City. Practically none are left in the other Mormon towns of Utah, if I understand the situation. The above assertion is proven to my mind by the fact that Gentile business institutions here make a point of giving most of their positions to Mormons. A certain firm was reorganized. Those dropped were Gentiles, and Mormons took their places irrespective of fitness by previous experience. It seems to me that such instances, which are char- acteristic, show that Gentiles either fear to give Gentiles a place in business as against Mormons, or are careless and thus allow fellow Gentiles to be shoved aside. Some people are restless. But I do not see that this feeling is deep. When Bishop Spaulding published his pamphlet on “Joseph Smith, Jr., as a Translator,” a body blow was dealt which should have put the Mormon Church on the defensive at once. But no one outside the Mormon Church seemed to know it had been winded. And the Episcopal Church of Utah permitted the greatest work of any of its leaders here to go out of print, or at least out of sale, when Bishop Spaulding was killed; and the Mormon Church proceeded to, and did, gather up all copies of this work which it could lay hands upon. Episcopalians, big and little, have been talked to about this with no apologies for the language used. Now I am told they are reprinting Bishop Spaulding’s work. If so, good. If it was caused by my sug- gestion I have not lived a few years longer in vain. But so far as I could see, this article of Bishop Spaulding, which no in- tellectually honest man can read and digest and still remain a Mººn, had absolutely no effect upon the business mind of tah. Please do not imagine I have no hope. I think I see good coming, but the road looks long and stony; and bleeding feet must traverse it—they will not belong to smug business men, either Mormon or Gentile. December, 1923 [Page Thirteen] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N EDITORIAL [[I] HAS ISLAM REFORMED2 Abdul Medjid Effendi, the Caliph, a descendant of Osman, still claiming a voice of rulership despite the de- claration of the Turkish Republic, has been talking to Samuel Crowther whose amazing report is printed in Col- lier’s under date of October 17, 1923. If we are to accept the Caliph's own word of the pur- pose of Islam, a complete regeneration has occurred. No longer is Islam ambitious for religious and political sway over all the world. It has come to a recognition that other religions have their rightful place and that other peoples are entitled to their territory. The Caliph tells Mr. Crow- ther that Islam has no desire or intention to conquer the world; that there is too much conquering in the world today; that Islam is not imperialistic although once it was, as were all religions; that today he and his people desire only to promote happiness; and that they know there are other religions which have their merits, just as Islam has its merits. He concludes this part of his interview by say- ing: - I cannot see why religions cannot manage to live together in peace, each man taking that religion which seems to him to promote his happiness. Later on, in speaking of the power of political control and the power of wealth, the Caliph adds: We have to think more of humanity and less of simply trying to get more property. There's enough in the world for everybody if only each of us will look first to his own affairs, instead of trying to take away what someone else has. I am utterly against imperialism of every kind—in government or in religion. We cannot have peace and the world cannot have human happiness, so long as imperialism exists in the world. Strange words these coming from the Caliph, the politi- cal and religious leader of Islam in the world. Mr. Crowther, writing in Collier’s, speaks as if ‘‘Sul- tan” Abdul Medjib Effendi made an impression of sincerity. If this be true and if the new purpose is the animating pur- pose of authoritative government in Turkey, whether sul- tanic or republican, the whole world may well pause in amazement. - There are other testimonials than those which are Sup- plied by the remarkable bit of work done by Mr. Crowther for his national weekly, Collier’s. In Current History, Arthur Tremaine Chester, a son of Rear-Admiral Colby M. Chester, takes a view which, if accepted, would be strong substantiation of the impression made by Mr. Crowther's article. Even though the Chester friendship, running as- sumedly from father to son—for the Turks, would tincture the views of Mr. Arthur Tremaine Chester, still there is considerable plausibility in this gentler view of Turkish pur- pose in particular, and Mohammedan purpose in general. If we are to accept, at even a considerable percentage of their face, the generous statements of the Caliph, and the description of the new Turkey by Mr. Chester, we must all pause while we revise our opinions. But against this revision there stands the fact of the national characteristic in the Turk and the inborn fan- aticism in the Mohammedan, which cannot be brushed aside by the flattering words of an hour. It must be remembered that Viscount Bryce, just before his lamented death and after the most crucial examination of the status of this whole question, wrote as a solemn ad- monition to the world, these words: The record of the works of Turkey, from the Sultan on his throne to the district gendarme, is, taken as a whole, almost an unbroken record of corruption, of injustice, of an oppression which often descends into hideous cruelty. Can any one still continue to hold that the evils of such a government are curable 7 For our part we are not convinced. Neither the utter- ance of the Caliph himself, nor the very friendly descrip- tion given by Mr. Chester, nor the claims of the republican government under Kemal; nor all the lesser evidences or suggestions which are afforded from many quarters, are suf- ficient. Most of these are propaganda, obviously and un- convincingly so. However, with Christian forebearance, we are willing to wait and see. Turkey now has her opportunity. Under her authority are many peoples, or rather the remnants of many peoples, the greater masses of whom have been de- stroyed by Turkish vengeance or cruelty or indifference. A statesmanlike, gentle, forbearing and considerate treatment by Turkey of the peoples who are not of the Mohammedan faith, but are yet remaining within Turkish territory, will demonstrate better the regeneration of Islam, than any plausible words uttered by the Caliph or written by friends who may be momentarily converted to the Turkish side. A NATIONAL SELF DESTRUCTION German publicists are admitting that the German masses are swamped in a sea of profiteering by German magnates. Germany has been able to buy from the United States more cotton and more copper than either France or Eng- land; and to pay gold for these raw materials. The big industries have been thriving—at least the owners of the big industries have been growing fat. German industrial magnates have more than half a billion dollars of gold credit in the United States, while the mass of the people are descending into despair. No harsh judgment that THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN has ever expressed concerning the conspiracy of German financial and industrial leaders to avoid the payment of re- parations and to greedily seize all the profit that the toil of the republic could produce, is half as severe as the fact itself. Germany is being ruined by Germans. [Page Fourteen] December, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N AVOID TEUTONIO IMBROGLIO Seven and one half millions of people of German origin, now in the United States, are being asked by their leaders to join in a movement to aid the German Republic in its fight against disorganization. No one has a right to assume that, with the relinquish- ment of German citizenship and the acquirement of Am- erican citizenship under an oath of loyalty, a person of Teutonic birth is required to lose all affections for the fatherland. These deep loves of old and cherished things may sometimes be an incentive to a stronger devotion for the land of one's adoption and the institutions which have adopted him. But in these tremulous days, when our whole governmental relation to foreign problems is a matter of such acute dispute, our fellow citizens of German birth ought to be very careful that they do not project their sym- pathetic issue in such a way as to produce for us a replica of what we had in the Irish question. The latter for more than fifty years was a most disturbing element in Our affairs. And it affected us most seriously during the War time. It lasted up to the spring of 1923, when we had the right to assume that even the belligerent Irish Americans had concluded to let free Ireland alone in her relations to the British Empire. So far as there is any definite plan evinced by Our Government, it is to let foreign nations, particularly Euro- pean countries, work out their own internal problems with- out interference. We have abandoned the opportunity to take the leadership of the world toward fraternity and order. It is not necessary now to conduct an academic discus- sion concerning the League and its fair promises if only We could have taken our place at the head of the council table. The immediate issue is a practical one. As We are not to have entangling alliances nor mutual international responsi- bilities along with the nations which entered the League; it is quite certain that we ought not to be dragged into any conflict or responsibility or meddling with the internal af- fairs of any other country under the Sun. If the big reason of opportunity for world leadership was not sufficient to justify a mingling in world affairs; then the small reason arising from disturbed conditions in Germany and the ardent love and sympathy of more than seven million of our own citizens of German origin, cannot be a justification. A proper line of demarkation must be observed or We shall get into a situation, by a series of incidents, where we would not go by deliberate and well matured decision. Our friends of German birth have a complete right and duty to extend individually both sympathy and support of material character to their friends in the fatherland; but they have no right to involve that issue in any of the political movements in the United States, entangling this country in a responsibility which up to this time it has clearly refused to take. -- - If one shall say that this is giving too much loose to imagination, one has only to point again to the fact that the Irish question for many years was more of an issue in the United States Congress, and in local politics in this country, than it was a question before the parliament of Great Britain. It is easy for an aggressive and talkative group to make its whim the crying issue between rival candidates and rival parties. Distressing as is the threat of disintegration in the German Reich, it is not the responsibility of the Government of the United States, and no attempt ought to be made to create such a responsibility. FACT'S DEMO LISH THE WETS The last feeble, wiggling argument of the Wets was a combined one: that the worker needed his beer or other alcoholic stimulant to sustain energy and prolong life; and that the closing of hard drink establishments would lessen the business value of real estate. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company of New York has a definite and necessary financial interest in knowing exactly, what lessens and what prolongs human life. This company has made a most careful examination of statistics and it finds this record among its industrial policy holders: In 1912 the death rate from alcoholism among those who paid premiums to the company, was 5.3 per one hundred thousand. In 1921 such death rate was .9 per one hundred thousand. More than 5 in 1912 and less than 1 in 1921. - If that one fact does not demolish the whole of that part of the Wet argument, there is nothing in fact or logic. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s table needs no support; but in case of any dispute by the Wets, our readers should be advised of a further fact: In 1916 there were 1,799 deaths from alcoholism in fourteen of the largest American cities, beginning with New York. In 1920 these deaths were only 276. So, even with wood alcohol and synthetic gin, the devils of the whisky business were able to kill off less than one-sixth as many people under pro- hibition, as they were able to kill when booze ran freely. The other argument about the lessened value of real estate is disproved by the experience of New York. Over on the Bowery in that great city, previous to the enactment of the Wolstead law, there were 44 saloons. Now there are none. A careful survey was made of 29 of these saloon properties. Since prohibition the value of these has increased nearly a quarter of a million dollars. Where once was the saloon with its loafers and its crime, is now a shop or a restaurant or a savings bank; and these legitimate enterprises pay rentals which justify the increase in the assessed value. As there was never a reason in morals, and as all the material reasons vanish, the Wets are having one sad, hard time to find arguments in behalf of their insane and criminal Dul’p OSe. - - December, 1923 [Page Fifteen] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Christian Fundamentals The Return Let it be clearly understood at the outset, that this is not merely an issue between Pre-millenarians and Post- millenarians. Even if the discussion were to be carried on for the purpose of determining the relation of Christ's Advent to what is called the Millennium, a third party known as Anti-millenarians would have to be admitted into the arena, thus making the debate triangular. All the great historical creeds contain articles relating to the Second Advent of our Lord, so that this doctrine is properly regarded as one of the Christian Fundamentals. But none of them undertakes to fix the time with any degree of definiteness. However they generally state that He is to come to raise the dead, conduct the final judgment, and bestow rewards and pronounce sentence of judgment. But the return of the Lord must be viewed as vastly more com- prehensive than these creedal statements seem to suggest. Critics of the destructive school contend that Chris- tians in the Apostolic and the succeeding age, believed that Christ would return corporeally in their day, and that they were in a perpetual state of expectancy, and spent much of their time looking up into the sky that they might get the first glimpse of their Lord returning on the clouds. They also declare that Paul and the entire Apostolic school expected Him to return in their day, and that the im- minency of His return in the body is the true New Testa- ment doctrine, being supported by all New Testament writers. It is also boldly asserted that Jesus Himself ex- pected to return corporeally and inaugurate His Messianic reign during the lifetime of the people then living. They are able to quote certain sayings of our Lord which seem to sustain this view. But as that and many succeeding generations have gone by and no bodily return has taken place, Christ's Divinity and Messiahship are denied, His plans are said to have utterly failed, the hopes He in- spired to have proved illusive, and it is declared that our Christology must be completely revised. These are some of the “assured results” of Destructive Criticism. The present discussion is prompted more by these de- structive views than by any millennial view, whether Pre, Post or Anti. Our Lord’s return is certainly taught in the Scriptures, and various forms of expression are used to set forth this event. Our present purpose is to examine the most prominent of these expressions so that we may ob- tain a correct understanding of the doctrine. When Jesus was on trial before the Jewish Sanhedrin, “the high priest said unto Him, I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou art the Christ, the Son of God. Jesus saith unto him, Thou hast said: nevertheless I say unto you, Henceforth ye shall see the Son of man sitting at the right hand of Power, and coming on the clouds of heaven (Matthew 26:63,64).” The proper translation of of Our Lord this passage throws a flood of light on the question of our Lord's coming. The King James version is faulty in one particular. It represents Christ as saying, “Hereafter ye shall see the Son of man etc.” What Christ really said Was that from the time then present and onward, He would be seen both sitting on the right hand of Power and coming on the clouds of heaven. It seems difficult for the average mind to grasp the full significance of this statement. Men do not understand how Christ can constantly be seen sitting now on the throne and constantly coming on the clouds. They think especially of this latter statement as referring exclusively to the Second Advent, which some think may oc- cur at any time and which others suppose will occur after a period called the Millennium. The following quotations from a critical commentary which fairly represents the views of Sound exegetes, are confirmatory of the view of the present writer. With reference to the meaning of the expression ‘‘henceforth,’’ we read: “The expression must not be limited to the final appearing of Christ, but refers to His whole state of eacaltation,--to that personal exalta- tion which reveals itself in the almighty power and uni- versal influence exercised by Him throughout the course of history.” With reference to the expression, “coming on the clouds of heaven,” we read, “The expression does not merely refer to His final Advent, but to the whole judicial administration of Christ, which commenced immediately after His resurrection, but especially at the time of the destruction of Jerusalem, and shall be completed at the end of the World.” In this wonderful statement by our Lord we have two great fundamentals presented; first, His enthronement, which was to take place immediately and which can be seen by all whose eyes are open; second, His return on the clouds of heaven, which began immediately after His enthronement, which continues throughout this dispensation, and which can be seen by every eye that is not willfully blinded. But what does all this mean? It means that Jesus Christ has already been enthroned, and that He is busily engaged in the administration of the affairs of His Kingdom. Coming on the clouds is a sublime form of expression de- noting in a figure the manner of His administration. On the day of Pentecost He came on the clouds of mercy, “like rain on the mown grass and as the showers that water the earth.” In like manner He is constantly coming wher- ever the gospel is preached, in every genuine revival, in every reformation movement. In the destruction of Jerusa- lem in the year 70 A.D., He came on the storm clouds of wrath and allowed the Romans to destroy a nation that had rejected Him and declared that they had no king but Caesar. In like manner He has been coming ever 5 Ince, especially in such overwhelming judgments as the fall of the Roman Empire, the War of the Rebellion in America, and [Page Sixteen] December, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N the recent Great War that has laid waste the nations of Europe. Having learned what our Lord's great words to the Jewish Sanhedrin mean, it will not be difficult to under- stand other statements which have been misinterpreted to mean that He expected to return to reign soon after His departure from the world. In Matthew 16:28 we read that Jesus said to His disciples, “There are some of them that stand here, who shall in no wise taste of death, till they see the Son of man coming in His kingdom.” There was a remarkable fulfillment of this promise on the day of Pentecost. In Matthew 10:23, which is preceded by the first commission given the disciples, He assured them that “Ye shall not have gone over the cities of Israel, till the Son of man be come.” This promise was literally fulfilled in the year 70 when He came in judgment, on the clouds of wrath to overthrow a faithless nation and put an end to the former dispensation with its typical institutions. - When Jesus proclaimed that the Kingdom of Heaven was at hand, He had a conception of the Kingdom which the wise men of this world seem utterly unable to grasp. For this reason they say that He was a visionary, that He anticipated a complete political revolution to take place at once, and that He expected to be enthroned over the renovated world. The truth was and still is hidden from “the wise and prudent.” Christ's constant coming is still further taught in one of His gracious promises to His disciples shortly before His death. In making the announcement that He was about to go away, He told them that He was going to prepare a place for them. But He added, “if I go and prepare a place for you I come again, and will receive you unto my- self.” The verb “come” is in the present tense and denotes present continued action, and, in such a case as this, action continued throughout the Christian dispensation. The com- ing here denoted must be His coming for each of His dis- ciples in death. The error involved in referring it to the ‘‘Second Advent’’ is readily seen when it is remembered that according to that view. He has not begun, after the lapse of almost two thousand years, to fulfill the promise. While laying stress on the fact that Christ is always coming either judicially or graciously, we would not forget that there is to be a grand finale when He will bring this dispensation to a close by raising the dead and presiding at the final judgment. The Greek word ‘‘parousia’’ is the word which it is thought most commonly refers to that final coming. It occurs about twenty times in connections where it seems to refer to that event. But the real mean- ing of parousia is not coming but presence. In the revised version of the New Testament this is indicated by footnotes. In His warning against deception, Our Lord said “For as the lightning cometh forth from the east, and is seen even unto the west; so shall be the coming (presence) of the Son of man (Matt. 24:27). This statement may refer either to His coming in judgment to Jerusalem or to the final judgment. The point to which attention is called is the general manifestation of His presence when He comes. The they that take refuge in Him.” parousia therefore cannot be the mere corporeal presence of Jesus Christ. We have no evidence that any such trans- formation has taken or will take place on Christ's body as will make it visible throughout the world at one and the same time. In all cases of Christ's presence, or ap- pearance, or manifestation, or revelation in such a general Way as to be seen by the human race at once, the reference must be, not to His body but to His person. One of the most common and at the same time most serious mistakes made with reference to the coming and the presence of Christ, is the mistake of regarding His bodily presence as His real presence, His corporeal coming as His real coming, His visible appearance or manifestation as His real appearance and manifestation. When the minds of people are disabused of these and similar errors they will be in a more receptive condition and will better understand the apocalyptic teachings of the Bible. The value of this discussion for the cause of National Reform is quite manifest. Christ Himself has furnished the grounds for our belief that He is already enthroned as Ruler of the world. He is already engaged in the adminis. tration of the government of the Mediatorial Kingdom. He is constantly comingº on the clouds of mercy and of judgment both to men and to nations. He will come at the last day to raise the dead and to judge the world. ‘‘Be wise now therefore O ye kings; be instructed, ye judges of the earth. Serve Jehovah with fear, and rejoice with trem- bling. Kiss the Son, lest He be angry, and ye perish in the Way, for His wrath will soon be kindled. Blessed are all R. C. W. NATIONAL REFORM AND THE FUNDAMENTALS A recent issue of The Christian Century, contains a Severe criticism of one of our articles on the “Christian Fundamentals.” Our purpose in making reply is to re- mind that journal of the rule requiring absolute truthful- ness always, and very, especially when one Christian journal undertakes to reprimand another Christian journal. The article in question states that “THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN uses three pages to discuss from a conservative Viewpoint the questions that agitate the Christian world at the present time.” Our article filled just two pages and a half, and was a discussion of the topic, “The Redemption of the World.” The critic proceeds to say that “Higher Criticism and evolution are given blows with a heavy bludg- eOn.” All that we said on these two subjects was comprised in a dozen lines and contained nothing more than the statements that modern criticism denies the historical char- acter of the account of the Fall as given in Genesis, and, that advocates of the extreme evolutionary hypothesis hold that what we call sin is nothing more nor less than the “re- mains of the old animal disposition which evolution has not yet eliminated, but which will eventually be overcome a few million years hence.” The only bludgeon we used was this bare statement of fact. The hardest blow that can be dealt to December, 1923 [Page Seventeen] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N º erroneous views sometimes, is a clear statement of those views, and that is just what we tried to give. The remainder of our article was taken up with a discussion of the world- wide effect of Christ's redemptive work. Our critic takes us to task for taking any part in the discussion of the Christian Fundamentals. He says, “One wonders just what The National Reform Association should have to do with theological questions, for it would seem to have a pretty big contract on its hands with its com- mendable reformatory program.” It is gratifying to read the statement that we have a “commendable reformatory program,” but it is somewhat surprising that any one familiar with that program fails to see its connection with the fundamentals of the Christian religion. If those funda- mentals are not true, our program and our cause rest upon a foundation of sand. It is because of the authority of Scripture, the Divinity of Jesus Christ, His Virgin Birth, the character of His work of Redemption, His exaltation to the throne of the universe, that we have any genuine National Reform program. \ * Our critic begins his article with the statement that “The self-appointed defenders of the Bible are often mater- ialists in disguise.” This statement has special reference to me and to my discussion of the Virgin Birth. As for my appointment as a defender of the Bible it is enough to say that I was inducted into the office of the gospel ministry almost fifty years ago and have always understood that in the regular way “I was set for the defense of the gospel.” My materialism consists in holding that there are just two kinds of substance, the one material and the other spiritual. I have read discussions of all sorts of philosophical theories and have reached the conclusion that God and the material universe are not one and the same; that man and God are not the same; that matter cannot be transformed into spirit nor spirit into matter; that man has a material body and is a soul or spirit; that Jesus Christ the Son of God became man by taking to himself a true body and a rea- sonable soul, and continues to be God and man, two natures in One Person forever. This brings us to the main point in our critic's article. He is grievously offended because we asserted, on the basis of the words of the Angel Gabriel to Mary, that, because of the manner of His conception, her Child would be called the Son of God; and that He is the Son of God in a sense similar to that in which every child is the son or daughter of a human father. If this language horrifies the editor of The Christian Century, how does his mind react when he reads the very words of the angel? And what sort of a mental reaction does he experience when he reads the statements by certain modern critics that Jesus was the natural son of Joseph Does our critic think that the Son of Mary had no father at all? Must we overlook or deny the Virgin Birth in order that we may grasp the spiritual reality involved? Is it not a fact that we must emphasize both His Divine nature and his assumption of humanity if we would truly grasp the significance of His humiliation and atoning death? Can this be done, in these days of prevalent unbelief when so much of the Biblical record is denied, unless we maintain the doctrine of the Virgin Birth in the sense in which it was announced by Gabriel to Mary? And is there any occasion for any one to take offense at my statement of the fact that God was the Father of the Son of Mary unless he either denies the Virgin Birth or reads into my statement thoughts that never entered my mind 2. R. C. W. TO (#UARD AGAINST THE GAMBLING FREVER St. Luke's Lutheran Church, Logans- port, Indiana, writes a very earnest suggestion to THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN to use its influence in behalf of an active warfare against gambling. Pastor Himes thinks that the evil and danger of gambling should be shown in schools exactly as the evil and danger of alcohol were shown to the child during its early years of study. Rev. W. K. Himes, Mr. Himes is quite right in the intimation that we were able to conquer the demon alcohol only after we had taught a generation of young people what was that demon's real character. With all the credit which may go to or- ganizations for their direct work, the chief triumph which they attained was in giving to our school system, during the years when opinions are forming, a teaching which enabled every boy and girl to learn that alcohol is an enemy of the human race. We are sure that in many of the schools the evil of gambling is carefully portrayed by the teaching force. But also one may be certain that a systematic promulgation of this truth would be very helpful. Gambling is as much of a mania and is as contagious as any other of the social aberrations. Not long ago THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN had an article showing that the betting fever had attacked almost universally the people of England. They were betting on everything, from a snail race to a vicar's sermon. The rich and poor alike were involved and many people risked the Sunday dinner and the rescue of the family raiment from the pawn shops on Saturday night, in order to make book on some current event. This is a reminder of the fashion in the interior of China thirty years ago. A coolie with only a few cash in his pocket would gamble with the food vender, and either go hungry at noon or get his midday meal for nothing. That practice was so general that in a day’s ride you would scarcely see a food vender without his jar of gambling sticks. - Recent scandals concerning baseball show how the gambling fever possesses certain types of Americans. The whole thing is dishonest in its attempt upon the possessions of others and leads to a fatal disintegration of the individual character. No school in America in our whole sys- tem of education but ought to teach to the youthful mind the wrong and the folly of gambling. And everywhere the good forces of society ought to be arrayed against games of chance, whether they be at church bazaar, at county fairs, or in palatial dens under police protection. [Page Eighteen] December, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N The Church and the New World Order By FREDERICK H. LYNCH [Abstract of address before Consultation Conference, held at Winona Lake, Ind., July 1-8, 1923.] During the last four years I have had the opportunity of spending part of each year in Great Britain and on the Continent. My work has brought me into contact with all sorts of conditions of men. I have met the Christian peo- ple of all countries and the Christian leaders of every pro- fession—clergymen, editors, teachers, labor leaders, business men—and the mothers and fathers in the homes. I have seized every opportunity to ask these people: What are the one or two great lessons the world has learned from the war and the four years of peace that have been almost as bad as the war? What are the one or two great principles on which any stable, enduring civilization can be built, any civilization approaching a Christian order where brotherhood and goodwill might be the law of nations? The interesting thing was that I got practically the identical answer from everyone with whom I spoke, no matter what his country or church. And the answers were, I think, what every careful observer in Amer- ica of world affairs would give at this time. They are what every student of present world-conditions, who longs for a better, happier world, feels are the first steps by the nations toward security, peace, 'real civilization. The first answer I every- where received was this: There is no hope for the world, no possibility of a permanent, peaceful civilization, no out- look for anything except 1914 or worse, unless the nations can learn to live the community life, as Christians—all civilized individuals for that matter—everywhere have learn- ed to live it. It is the community life that distinguishes civilization from barbarism. In barbarism everyone lives for himself. He pursues his own ends, and pursues them by any means, and regardless of what havoc he wreaks upon others. He lives purely for himself, is his own court, judge and sheriff and takes his defense solely into his own hands. Might makes right and everything belongs to him that he In the community life individualism gives way It is all for each, and each for all. can take. to one common good. DR. FREDERICK H. LYNCH, EDITOR-Christian Work All suffer if one suffers, all rejoice in the prosperity of one. The community is an organization, organized for the good, rºot of one, but of all. There are common courts, common defense, common worship, common schools, co-operation for the common good. Should the citizens of any town suddenly begin to live for themselves, making individualism the law of life as have the nations, each man arming against his neighbor, the town would im- mediately revert to barbarism and we should have just what we had in the world—sus- picions, strifes and war. It is the community life that gives peace, happiness and security to every town. So, again I say, the conviction has gripped every man who has thought through the implications of the terrible struggle, that unless the nations can rise above a selfish nation- alism and an exaggerated patri- otism and learn that the highest allegiance is to humanity—the whole family of men — the common good, and can live as friendly peoples co-operating in building a happy, contented world; there is no outlook for anything better than that which occurred in 1914. For it was just this putting the nation above the world—which is as selfish as putting one’s self above the welfare of one’s family — that brought on the war. Selfishness always brings strife, whether it be in an individual or a nation. Na- tions which live for self alone, and arm to the teeth either for seeking new acquisitions or protecting those they already have, inevitably come to war. Europe has learned this lesson. The best men everywhere see that the world has be- come a family, that the only welfare of any one nation is in the welfare of all, and that unless the nations of the world, our own included, can get this spirit of goodwill and learn to live together as a friendly community, as good men can live together in the community, there is no hope. The most hopeful sign in the world today, for the future of civilization, is that the nations, however haltingly, are groping their way toward this community life, striving however blindly to attain it, having seen that in that achieve- December, 1923 [Page Nineteen] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N ment rests their only hope. We in the United States have not been so interested in the League of Nations. Perhaps it is natural because we are so far away from Europe, because we did not feel the suffering of the war as did Europe; we are not surrounded by possible foes; we do not live in an atmosphere of age-long hatreds and suspicions; we are so big, so seemingly self-sufficient; and we have become accus- tomed to an isolated life. But in Europe it is different. There every one is turning to the League with pathetic yearning, and it is not because of the Covenant. No one was interested in Article X, or Article XVI; no one asked whether it meant a super-state or not; no one worried about proportionate representation. It was the first great step toward the community life of nations. It might be im- perfect; it might involve more surrender of national rights than appeared on the surface, but never mind, here was a great endeavor of the nations to organize themselves into that community life that had brought peace, happiness, good- will and brotherhood to individuals for centuries; the only hope of enduring peace for nations. This is why all Europe looks to the League as its star of hope. And there are indi- cations that at last we in America are beginning to look to- ward it too. Lord Robert Cecil was received with unpre- cedented enthusiasm, his addresses were read by hundreds of thousands and broadcast far and wide. The Non-Partisan Association for the League of Nations has become very active with a strikingly large number of Republicans at its head. Senator George Wharton Pepper has openly come out in favor of it. And many others believe that the League is the most helpful thing among the nations because it is a step toward the community life. Another sign that the world is realizing this, was the Conference on Limitation of Armament, held in Washing- ton last year. The reason this Conference was called was, because as President Harding intimated in his address at the opening session, the time had come when the nations had got to do together what they could not do by each one acting alone. There is a universal feeling in Europe as well as here that no permanent Christian civilization can be built on force. It must be built on justice, co-operation, brother- liness, charity, goodwill. Force has been tried and failed, Europe was bristling with guns. It was a powder mine. Bayonets hid the churches, fortresses overshadowed the schools. Iron had supplanted religion. The piling up of armaments engendered those suspicions and fears that in- evitably make wars. It all collapsed—civilization nearly perished. It cannot be reared or maintained on force. That is why everybody in Europe is interested in disarm- ament. The most active commission on the League of Nations is the one on disarmament. The Conference at Washington, for which our President and Secretary of State deserve the thanks of the world, had its origin in this uni- versal consciousness that the new world-order must not only supplant force by goodwill, but that the only way of doing it is the community way. The World Court is but another sign of this hope trying to find expression. It was to have been hoped that it would have been a Court before which all the signatory powers would have been obligated to take all their disputes; but it is a great thing as it stands. It is another instance that the nations realize that only in the community life lies the hope of enduring civilization and lasting peace. Had I time I would also show how this reaching out for the community life has been strikingly manifested in the yearning for unity among all Christians everywhere and in a consciousness that only a united Church can prevent such horrible catastrophes as we have experienced, or build the city of God in the world. Again and again. I have heard men say that if the Christians had been as much interested in their common kinship in the Kingdom of Christ and had realized that their loyalty to Christ came first, before either denomination or country, as Christ said it should; that such a debacle as 1914 could never have happened in the world. The churches of the Continent have had their allegiance put to terrible tests. Roman Catholic disciples of Christ have been arrayed against one another in consuming hate and bloody battle. Protestants have been killing each other by the millions in the name of their common Master. In every country the best Christians with whom I talked, feel there is something wrong, and I was in- terested to find the feeling everywhere that the time had come for the communions to get together often and empha- size their common brotherhood as disciples of Christ, more than nationality, realizing that only in that lay the hope of the world. The three meetings of the churches of nearly all communions and from every nation of Europe and North America, at Copenhagen this last summer, was a striking instance of how this sense of unity is growing. There were three conferences, one following the other. First came the meeting of 200 members of the World Alliance for Inter- national Friendship through the Churches, where the most outstanding leaders of the churches from Europe and the United States met together for four days, and where the , most wonderful spirit was manifested and much making for goodwill accomplished. Immediately after this came first the conference on European Protestantism, then the con- ference on the Life and Work of the Churches. A significant thing was the presence of the delegates from the great East- ern Orthodox Church. At these conferences, as I said, the most outstanding men in the churches came from every land, allied, enemy, and neutral, and sitting at the same table, talked of their Oneness, and what they could do, united together, to build the City of God in the world, promote goodwill, increase human happiness, establish brotherhood, and remove those national sins that provoke wars and strife. Again, I think many present felt that, had the leaders of all the churches begun to get together in this way twenty-five years ago–German, French, British, Am- erican, a sense of Oneness might have been developed that would have made the thought of war impossible. What is then the next great step for the nations, but this? The war has taught us that there can be no peace, no permanency of civilization, no Christian world-order, until the nations of the world, ordering their relationships [Page Twenty] December, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N by those same Christian principles that obtain among all Christian gentlemen, are bound by the same code of honor, and the same test of greatness is applied to them that is applied to men. The answer was unanimous in this regard. The war has banished forever the idea that there can be two different ethical systems in the world, one for individuals, one for nations; one Christian, one pagan. There is only one morality, and it is eternal and universal. Nations are accountable to the same judgment bar of God and His righteousness, to which men are accountable. What is right for a man is right for a nation, and what is wrong for a man is wrong for a nation. If it is wrong for a man to steal, it is wrong for a nation. If it is wrong for a man to destroy his brother, it is wrong for a nation to destroy another nation. Stealing is stealing and murder is murder, whether it be done by a man or a nation. If a man is bound by honor to keep his pledged word, so is the nation equally bound. If that man is “greatest,” who, thinking little of self, renders service to the world, that nation is greatest which serves the most. If selfishness makes a man despicable and has in it the seed of death and decay, the same selfishness makes a nation small and despicable; and the selfish nation will always come to a bad end as does the selfish man. (Europe is just now the graveyard of nations that lived purely for self and sought only selfish ends.) If the philosophy that “might makes right,” held by a man, makes him merely a brute and a bully, the same philosophy makes a nation equally a bully, and despised of the earth. (This war was largely fought on the issue con- tained in those words, and it has answered the question with great certainty forever.) Jesus really knew what He was talking about, only most of us never really believed He did. He really saw the eternal and immutable laws of the moral universe and this has shown, as perhaps nothing else in history has, that He knew. Individuals found it out long ago; nations have now discovered it. I am not sure that they may not even discover out of this war that even His great moral assertion—long ago found true by every indi- vidual—that he who lived constantly seeking his life lost it, while he who forgot his own life in some great service, lost it in some great sacrificial emprise, found it, found his real, glorious divine - self; applies to nations as well as to men. Guns and gospel, poison gas and Jesus Christ, do not belong to the same civilization. One does not easily mention them in the same sentence. The City of God cannot be built on force any more than can the city in our heart, and the nations must choose now between Christ and chaos, as every heart has had to choose. IN RETROSPECT By FRANK EDWARDS HINKLE I stood today, in my imagination, on a vantage coign of time a million years in the hence; I looked back over the receding trail of centuries gone; and looking, I saw—and wondered. I saw men marching forth to war, and others coming from afar. I saw them draw nearer—nearer and nearer together— these hosts marching forth and those from afar—and saw them meet, and clash, and battle to the death. I saw the ground run red. I saw the weaker overcome by the strong—saw the vanquished flee, and the victor pursue in frenzy, overtake, and maim and kill. Then I saw the wounded, and heard their groans and moans and anguished cries. I saw the dead, motionless, with upturned faces all stilly white, on the field of strife—and men and horses trampling over them. And then— I saw continents covered with mounds of earth—mounds where rested all the dead whose souls had gone up from the smoking hell of the battle's roar—thousands unnumber- ed and innumerable, whose lives had been given to the slaughter. w And by every mound a mother stood, and her tears burst forth and trickled down. And I turned away, trembling; and as I turned, an angel came, and stood at my right hand, and said: “Why stand you here and gaze? And why tremble at that which no longer is? You look upon a picture only, of things that were, but are no more. For all this has passed away, and all things have become new.” “But why,” I asked, “should these things have been º’’ “Ask me not,’’ the angel said, “for no man knoweth; and the angels themselves do know no more. Only He doth know.” ‘‘IHe? And who is He?” “God, Himself—Who placed in the hand of man a weapon stronger than all the dripping blades of battle, wherewith man rose up and slew the monster of war.” “And that weapon was ” “Christian statesmanship !” ENDORSED BY PRESBYTERIAN SYNOD OF PENNSYLVANIA RESOLVED: - That Synod hereby commends, as worthy of the co-operation of our pastors and churches, the work of The National Reform Association in behalf of national righteousness, and particularly its efforts to secure a uniform marriage and divorce law, to promote the daily use of the Bible in the public schools of the states, and to promote world peace by inducing the nations and their rulers to “try Christianity” in international relations. Unanimously adopted, upon the recommendation of the Standing Committee on Education, by the Synod of Pennsyl- vania of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, in session at Bellevue, Pa., October 25, 1923. December, 1923 [Page Twenty-one] T H E C H R IS TI A N ST A T E S M A N Listen my readers and you shall hear of a business without a profiteer—although every one concerned profits by it. In the past two years you have read in THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN some true stories of Goodwill in Industry. Here is one about Industry in Goodwill. The others were stories of business with Goodwill as a by-product; this one is about Goodwill with business as a by-product. Riding along on a street car in Pittsburgh, a sign flashed across my vision, “Goodwill Industries.” A second and it was gone, and I was wondering whether the search for Goodwill had become an obsession with me and I was “seeing things.” But it hasn’t and I wasn’t. The sign is real and stands for one of the realest and finest achieve- ments in the entire realm of everyday religion and practical social service. Someone said that Dr. Daniel L. Marsh, Sup- erintendent of the Methodist Episcopal Church Union of Pittsburgh, and pastor of the Smithfield Methodist Episcopal (the famous old Brimstone Corner) Church, could tell me all about it. I found him enthusiastic, as well he may be, and willing to provide me with information and with the Opportunity for personal observation. : : :* #: :: :: The seed of the Goodwill Industries was planted many years ago by a Methodist preacher in Boston. His name was Peter Morgan and he conducted a mission in a poor quarter of the city. He was considered eccentric—probably he was a few years ahead of his time. Few came to his meetings. With psychological shrewdness he began charging a small admission. Thenceforth he had larger audiences and also sufficient means to carry on the work dear to his heart—a social service in advance of his day. On his death he left his mission, its property, activities, and equipment to the Methodist Episcopal Church, stipulating that the work should be carried on under the direction of a board to be composed of Methodists and Unitarians, with a permanent Methodist chairman. From this beginning and under the able and devoted leadership for thirty years of Rev. Edgar J. Helms, grew the great Morgan Memorial in Boston, one of the most splendid social service projects in the world. During the now famous “Centenary Movement” of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 1918-19, the Board of Home Missions and Church Extension inaugurated Goodwill cen- ters modeled after the Morgan Memorial. Twenty-three of these centers have been established and are now in opera- tion in various large cities. They carry on a fine community welfare work which comprises the usual features of Ameri- canization, cooking, sewing, and other classes, milk depots, baby clinics, gymnasiums, recreation, nursing and medical attention where necessary, and fresh air farms for children and mothers. But the original and remarkable feature which, so far as I know, is not duplicated by any other organization, is the Goodwill Industries. The slogan of this work, more illuminating than any Industry in Good Will lengthy description could be, is ‘‘Not charity but a chance.’’ It offers help toward self-help. It seeks not merely to relieve distress but to construct, preserve, or restore character and self-respect. That idea is the psychological or spiritual unit. The practical unit of Goodwill Industries is the burlap bag. Wherever a Goodwill center is located, hundreds of these bags are distributed in homes throughout the city. Into them are put the many discarded articles that would have been exiled to the attic in the long ago when there were such things as attics, but which in these days of cramped quarters would probably be thrown away. At regular in- tervals, or on request, the Goodwill driver calls for the bur- lap bag and takes it to the Goodwill shop where the con- tents are examined, sorted, fumigated, cleaned, repaired, ap- praised and finally sold at a low price to needy people. The work of preparing the articles for sale, is done in the Goodwill shop by men and women who, through natural handicap, illness, accident or some other misfortune, have had difficulty in finding employment elsewhere. The amount realized from the sale of goods is not sufficient to make the Industries self supporting. It could not well be, for the aim is (to quote another Goodwill slogan) “Not profit, but service.” A double benefit is sought, that of giving work and the best possible wages to unfortunate people, and that of providing necessities at lowest possible cost to other peo- ple in poor circumstances or in temporary distress. The dif- ference between outlay and income is made up from cash contributions received from organizations or individuals, and so efficiently is the work conducted that each dollar of cash contribution makes an actual return of $12.57 in relief ex- tended, not including the benefit to buyers in the Goodwill stores. That is an amazing accomplishment of efficiency and economy and a striking contrast to the record of many philanthropies in which, too often, fancy salaries and heavy overhead expenses are disproportionate to the service given. A statistical report of national Goodwill centers, for 1922, estimates that more than a million dollars in cash was realized from the sale of made-over waste materials. Ten thousand unfortunate people were employed in trans- forming ‘‘junk into jobs and waste into wages.” They were paid $500,000. Fourteen trades were represented. The sum paid to foremen, teachers, and overseers was $250,000, and an equal amount was expended for rent, heat, light and other overhead charges. A million needy people purchased in Goodwill stores. The number of bags collected was 345,201 and the number of pieces of furniture 140,496. As a side benefit think what a clearing out of attics and what a saving of work for burdened housewives! In recounting the work of the Goodwill centers I left the most important thing for separate mention. It has to do, not with mere inanimate things nor even with perish- able though precious human bodies, but with immortal souls. In recognition of the fact that spiritual starvation is as real and far more prevalent than physical starvation, [Page Twenty-two.] December, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N the beneficiaries of Goodwill service are offered constantly, though not obtrusively or aggressively, the Bread of Life. Modern welfare work stresses the Brotherhood of Man but is apt to forget the Fatherhood of God. The spirit per- meating Goodwill is one not merely of humanity but of strong and definite Christianity. - Goodwill, however, is not sectarian, either in service or management. Although it is of Methodist origin, has been maintained principally by Methodist activity, and the prop- erty and equipment used belong almost entirely to the Methodist Episcopal Church Union, its help is given without regard to race, creed, or color. Only four per cent it would seem only a fair and natural result of Methodist origin and Methodist activity. At the national meeting of the Bureau of Goodwill Industries in Cleveland, Ohio, Feb. ruary 20, 1923, the following resolution was passed: We believe the Goodwill Industries should be city-wide and interdenominational in their organization. We therefore recom. mend that other denominations share with us responsibility on Our Board of Directors. We will not organize in cities or bor- oughs where other evangelical denominations are carrying on a wholesome work with full co-operation emphasizing our idealism and Work for the handicapped. In those places we recommend Methodist co-operation under other denominational leadership. We likewise expect the same courtesy and co-operation in those cities where we are operating. - % $ $ $ $ # * Carpenter Shop of Pittsburgh Goodwill Industries of the beneficiaries of Goodwill service are adherents of the Methodist Church. In the other 96 per cent, are in- cluded members of all churches—and of none. The manage- ment also is undenominational. The generosity and effici- ency of Goodwill are now so well and favorably known that many religious, civic and other welfare organiza- tions are glad to co-operate. Twenty-eight denominations are represented on national Goodwill boards. And if Methodist influence is slightly predominant, as it may be, My opportunity for personal observation came late last summer in the Pittsburgh center. Early one morning, bear- ing Dr. Marsh's written introduction, I went down to the Goodwill location in the “Strip”—a place not healthful, nor beautiful, nor good, one of those sore spots to be found in all great cities, symptoms of the social disease that breeds from the bacteria of selfishness and greed. Here four years ago, the Pittsburgh Goodwill center was established and took over the community work which, under the direction December, 1923 [Page Twenty-three] . T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N of the Methodist Episcopal Church Union, had formerly been carried on at Trinity Temple. To this was added the Goodwill Industries. The property of the center is owned by the Methodist Episcopal Church Union, and plans have been made for buildings which will be adequate for the work. The first units of these structures have already been erected and house a small chapel, a well arranged gym- nasium and assembly hall, rooms for various classes, and the Goodwill storage rooms, factory, and store. A play- ground has also been equipped by the Pittsburgh Kiwanis Club. I found the Rev. Albert Curry, director of religious and social activities, and told him my mission. Young Mr. Curry is a refreshing contrast to many welfare workers whom I have met. In the first place, one is impressed by his earnest and sincere Christianity; and in the second, by his human- ity. His efficiency is not the cold-blooded sort on which some social service experts pride themselves. I think he is not so intent upon keeping up charts as on keeping up hearts. For a few moments he talked simply and self- effacingly of the Goodwill work. Then as he was about to make a little journey in the neighborhood he asked me if I would care to go along. There was no Rolls-Royce to take us about; instead a plain but efficient “flivver,” a vehicle which struck a certain keynote. It isn’t much in the way of luxury or display, but it gets there. y I had thought the main streets of the “Strip” for- bidding enough, but our tour disclosed habitations and con- ditions so unsuitable for happy and wholesome living that it was necessary to cling to the thought of an ameliorating force at work, to save oneself from black depression. Foul, rubbish-strewn alleys; ramshackle, grimy buildings; no grass, no trees; even air and sunlight seemed to be barred. But there were cheerful greetings from men, women and children. Everybody seemed to know Mr. Curry and to be glad to see him. There was none of the sullenness of which I have heard social workers complain. Perhaps there is reason for it sometimes. We went back to the small community chapel—as plain and democratic as Methodism itself. No stained glass windows, no pictured saints. An old-fashioned organ, some rows of chairs, and on the wall a motto, ‘‘Prayer changes things.” I prayed. I had seen things that needed to be changed. The Goodwill Industries part of the center is one of the most interesting places imaginable. First I was shown a great number of burlap bags, the use and distribution of which I have mentioned above, and the operation of fumi- gating and cleaning contributed articles was explained. Then we visited the workshop, a scene of varied and cheerful occupation. Here all sorts of things, in all stages of shabbiness and decrepitude, were awaiting conversion to use- fulness or beauty. People broken of spirit or body were repairing these broken articles—and in the doing, mending also their own circumstances, souls and hearts. Three one- armed men were busily employed, one at painting a stove, another repairing a brass bed, and the third pressing cloth- ing. Many a man no worse handicapped, begs in the streets. A man, afflicted with total deafness, was polishing metal, and washing vases and jardinieres. Elderly men were en- gaged in carpentry and other tasks. In an upstair room women were sorting and examining clothing, stuffing soft toys for little children, and sewing and mending. Every- [Page Twenty-four] December, 1923 T H E O H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N where the work proceeded steadily but without strain. The atmosphere was that of real goodwill. In the tinker shop were broken chandeliers, type- writers, bicycles, toys, umbrellas, etc., which the clever and ingenious fingers of the tinker would restore to a new life of usefulness. During the year 1922, the Pittsburgh Goodwill Indus- tries employed regularly in its shops between 40 and 75 people, and gave occasional day work to over 15,000 more. More than 22,000 bags and 8,000 pieces of furniture were collected. Over $32,000 was realized from the sale of re- paired and made-over articles, and the entire sum, aug- mented by many thousands more of cash contributions, was paid out in wages. Through the year about 13,000 people, employees and neighborhood folk, attended the Goodwill chapel services. Truly “age cannot wither nor custom stale the infinite variety” of a Goodwill store. Automobile tires and parts, books, clothing, pictures, sewing machines, stoves, bric-a-brac, dishes, tools, kitchen utensils are only a few of the items. I looked about and tried to think of something that was not there. pianos.” And then we went up to the second floor and there was a whole row of them. The ultimate consumers are mainly women—most of them foreign. Many carried babies or had small children tugging at their skirts. They gathered in little groups, shrewdly examining and pricing. At a table of attractive baby clothes and women's wear, competition was keen. There was a gleam of eye familiar to me and I reflected that when it comes to bargain hunting, “the Captain's lady and Judy O'Grady are sisters under the skin”—though Judy O'Grady is perhaps a trifle more polite than the Captain's lady. The Goodwill store provides necessities for poor families which their means could not possibly purchase any where else. To my regret I had arrived too late for devotional ser- vice; so on a subsequent morning, 8:00 o'clock found me in the little chapel which was already almost full. There were men, women, and children of different nationalities, creeds, and color; but of one reverence. The service was conducted by the head carpenter, a former minister whose physical breakdown had forced his retirement. There was a sincere and simple prayer, a hymn in which we all joined, a Scripture reading, and a brief inspiring talk by the pastor carpenter. I saw sad and bitter faces soften in the moment of human and Divine communion, and I wished that all workers might have some such beginning for their day of toil. - My early attendance at chapel had earned for me an unexpected reward. I had been lucky enough to choose the very morning when a lot of children were to be sent to the Epworth Fresh Air Farm (owned and operated by the Methodist Episcopal Church Union). And I was invited to the party! Ninety children were to go and you may be sure that not one was missing and not one late. Such nice children – bright, clean, their clothing perhaps a After a while it occurred to me, ‘‘Yes, they have no trifle 'large or a bit snug, but neat and whole. the smiles! And, oh, They shed a rainbow glory over the “Strip.” There were heavy bags and bundles to be carried, tiny brothers and sisters to be guarded, but nobody sulked or shirked. Two sweet-faced deaconesses convoyed the party. With surprisingly little confusion we boarded the special trolley. One would naturally suppose that ninety children might prove troublesome in an hour's journey, but these did not. I concluded that they had been too well brought up or that they were too happy to be naughty. Perhaps truly happy children (and grown-ups) are almost as surely good as good children (and grown-ups) are happy. At any rate I have never seen better behaved youngsters. I thought of some spoiled children of well-to-do families I have known, and decided that I would rather take the ninety “Strip” children clear across the continent than to care for six pampered, selfish darlings for this one hour journey. They sang, with a joyous abandon that almost redeem- ed the foolish words, such ditties as “Yes, We Have No Bananas,” and “I’m a Sheik of Araby.” They feasted their eyes on meadows and trees and blue skies. I had attached myself to three little sisters—Josephine, Conchetta and Madalena, Italian as you will guess. They received my advances with shy politeness. Finally Jose- phine and Conchetta sat beside me and tiny Madalena al- lowed me to hold her on my lap. When we reached Bakers. town, eighty-nine children rushed eagerly from the car, but Madalena lingered to turn upon me a melting glance from eyes like velvety brown pansies, to encircle my neck with soft little arms and to kiss me on the cheek. Then she was off with the others, racing up the long hill. The capable, kindly matron, Miss Wight, came to meet us. Places were assigned in the splendid dormitories which, while sheltered, are almost as airy as the out-of-doors. Cloth- ing was unpacked and hung in lockers and a change made from dress-up to play clothes. Then all regulations having been duly observed, in the twinkling of an eye, the swings were full, a baseball game was on, and admiring groups were inspecting the new swimming pool and the just com- pleted pavilion. - Some of the children had been at the Farm before. They were old-timers and a little proud of the fact. To others it was all new ; to all of them it was wonderful. December, 1923 [Page Twenty-five] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N They fluttered over the green sward as joyously as so many butterflies. I heard the story of a little girl who on her first day at the Farm cried because she was afraid of the grass. She had never seen any in all her life before. Happily, no such poignant thing came under my own ob- servation. At the sound of the dinner gong, the children filed into the big dining hall; on the wall was framed this grace: “Thanks to our Father, we will bring; For He gives us everything.” (Miss Wight read it aloud, the children saying it after Then with bowed heads they repeated from memory. “Thanks to our Father, we will bring; For He gives us everything.” her. The food was worthy of the grace. Such vegetables from the Farm’s own garden | Such milk from the Farm’s own cows! And the table manners were of a quality to match the food. Many of these children touched by Good- will influence, could qualify to improve the manners in some of our “best families.’’ Each summer, from 700 to 1,000 needy children and mothers are taken for a ten day or two weeks outing at the Farm. For more than twenty years the Epworth Fresh Air Farm has been rendering this valuable service, building up or restoring health of mind and body to hundreds of mothers and thousands of children. Ten dollars will provide ten days of wholesome joy for a child. Think of that, some of you who spend more for a single evening’s pleasure. Goodwill centers with their Goodwill Industries, give to forlorn old age, handicapped maturity, and underprivi- leged childhood, “not charity but a chance.” That is sincere religion and intelligent humanitarianism. It is easier—and selfishly more agreeable – to give charity than a chance. Charity can be, and often is, doled out heedlessly; it takes thought to provide a chance. And to show faith and joy in the ability of another to succeed, to deal gener- ously so that he may have an opportunity to succeed, rather then to dispense a vainglorious charity; is the true magna- nimity. - - The Goodwill, national organ of the Goodwill Indus- tries, quotes from Emerson, “The wicked dollar is the dollar that is given to a beggar to get rid of him easily.” When you give to salve easily your own conscience—quiet a pang of your own heart, rather than to really help and comfort someone else, you are merely indulging yourself. Don’t give wicked dollars. If you want to feed the hungry, clothe the naked, comfort the fatherless, save wretched human beings from destruction and despair; don’t pauperize people, help them to help themselves. Be kind intelligently. Find a Goodwill center and do your bit. CHRISTMAS CHIMES BY LOUISE HUEMMRICH Faintly, through the snow-chilled twilight, Comes the sound of Christmas bells; Softly as the falling snow flakes, Peace descends, on earth it dwells. Peace, God’s peace past understanding, Takes possession of my soul, As with bated breath I hearken, While the distant church bells toll. Hands invisible, so gently, Memory’s door have opened wide, And once more mine are the pleasures, That with childhood scenes abide. As by magic, cares and worries Cease abruptly to exist, Mingling with the chime’s sweet music, Half forgotten songs I list. Children, starry-eyed, expectant, Crowd about the lighted tree, And repeat that old, old story Of God’s love for you and me. How the Christ child, in the manger Of that lowly stable, lay. How the shepherds from the pasture, Came to see—and stayed to pray. How the angel voices caroled Through the stillness of the night, How His star shone in the heavens, Erring feet to guide aright. :: *k :: *k :k :: Ah, the bells have ceased their Memory’s pictures fade away; But the story and its message They have brought, will ever stay. ringing, Wondrous story of the ages, Changeless, beautiful, sublime, Whether angel song proclaims it, º Or yon distant Christmas Chime. [Page Twenty-siz] December, 1923 T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Compulsory Bible Reading By WILLIAM. S. FLEMING The following reports a conversation between good Dr. A. and a representative of The National Reform Associa- tion, on one phase of the question of the right of the Bible in the public schools. Dr. A–I believe that the Bible should be put into the schools of any community that wants it, but it should not be forced in anywhere. N. R. A.—Doctor A, that is a frank statement, but just a little hazy, and I want to find exactly what you mean by it. Do you believe that the Bible should be used in the schools of any community only when all the people of that community want it there? Let me illustrate. In a certain central Iowa town of 1,800, after feeling the public pulse, the school board recently arranged to put into the high school an elective course in Bible Study, permitted but not required by state law. One lone, citizen objected. The board canvassed the matter carefully and concluded to go on with the course unless the objector continued his opposition, in which case they said they must discontinue the course. Now, Doctor was the board right or wrong in its last con- clusion ? º Dr. A.—Evidently wrong. One citizen should not rule 1,799. Such action would shut the Bible out of every school- house in America and permit infidelity or narrow sectarianism to control the schools of the country. Such action, instead of respecting the rights, is accepting the rule of the min- ority. I believe in majority rule. N. R. A. Fine. Now let us use another illustration. Many years ago the Ohio Supreme court decided that the school board has the right to put the Bible into or shut it out of the schools of that state. In a certain Ohio town a school election was on recently, and though nobody men- tioned it in public, everybody knew that the big question in the election was the return of the Bible to the public schools. The friends of the Bible won by a vote of 426 to 347, and the board at once put the Bible into the schools. Now, Doctor, if I understand you correctly, your position is that the school board did right in that case. Dr. A. Exactly, in harmony with the American prin- ciple of majority rule. And the result would be the same if the board, without the vote, had sensed the popular wish and put the Bible into the schools. N. R. A.—Splendid. We are getting on nicely. NOW, Doctor, just two questions, please: 1. When the board put the Bible into the schools against the expressed wish of 347 citizens, or the known but unexpressed wish of a very considerable minority, is not that compulsory use of the Bible in the schools, and have you not specifically en- dorsed the act you objected to in your opening statement? Dr. A.—Well—er—yes, that is so. N. R. A. And again, Doctor, when you grant the right of the local school board to put the Bible into the schools against the wish of a minority, expressed or understood, by what logic do you deny the right of the state to put th Bible into all the schools of the state in accord with the expressed or understood wish of a majority of the citizens of the state? If a community of 100 may do it, why not a community of five million? Now be careful of your answer, Doctor, for there are logical pitfalls all about you. Dr. A.—Well—well—er— I guess you are right. Every rule of reason permits the larger unit to do what the smaller unit may do. So I see the state has a right to put the Bible into the schools against the wish of a considerable minority. But we have teachers in our schools who do not believe the Bible, or who, believing it, do not try to live up to its teachings, and I am opposed to such teachers being required to read the Bible in the schools. That would be a mockery of sacred things. - - N. R. A.—Well, Doctor, that is a poser, and you have me ‘‘ on the hip,” but possibly, Yankee like, I can slip out by asking a question: If we occasionally find such a teacher in the schools, don’t you believe that the sooner we quietly apply some test that will reveal and help us to get rid of such teachers, the better for the morals of the children and the welfare of the nation? And, Doctor, no one ever heard of the nation employing as chaplain in army, navy, legisla- ture or prison, any man but one of strong faith; why not in the same way apply some test of character and faith to those who desire to teach in our schools? Is it more im- portant to guard the character of our soldiers and sailors and legislators and convicts, than the character of the youth of the land in the public schools? And would not willing- ness to use the Bible in the schools reverently, be a pretty safe test? - Dr. A.—I had not thought of it that way before, but you surely are right. However, I do not believe in com- pelling a Jewish teacher to read the New Testament nor a Roman Catholic teacher to read from the Protestant Bible in the school room. N. R. A.—You are absolutely right, Doctor, we agree splendidly. But would you object to a Jewish teacher reading to your child from the Old Testament? Or would you object to a Roman Catholic teacher reading from the Douay, the Roman version of the Bible? It may have escaped your notice that all laws requiring the use of the Bible in the schools permit the reader his choice of version. Dr. A.—I was not aware of that. That materially al- ters the situation. I see no objection to letting the reader choose the version of the Bible used. However, I do not like to compel even a religious teacher to read the Bible in the school room. It is the compulsion I object to. If she did it of her own free will, I would be very glad to have it done, for our children surely need more knowledge of and December, 1923 [Page Twenty-seven] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N respect for the Bible. Millions of children do not go to church, and the home is not giving them the great truths o the Bible, and the schools alone can do it. I wish we might find some way to put it back into the schools as it used to be when I was a child. That Book made our civil ization, and a more thorough knowledge of and obedience to its teachings, can alone save our civilization. It is in- deed the best book the world ever saw, and it is sad that it is the one book excluded very largely from our educational system. N. R. A.—My dear Doctor A. that is a splendid state- ment entirely worthy of a man of your type. But about that matter of compelling a religious teacher to read the Bible. The distinction you make is a nice one, but let us examine it a little. Would you be willing for the teacher to teach Arithmetic or Geography only if she wished to, and to omit if she wished? Anyhow, do you think that the compulsion would really be compulsion to a teacher who loves her Bible? Would she not rather have a right to think of the law as protection to her? To illustrate: Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Iowa and most of the states permit the reading of the Bible in the school room but do not require it. Suppose that in one of these states, under present law, the teacher is using the Bible in the school room every morning, and a blatant infidel comes to her and insists that she cut out the reading of the Word. Now since the community is not aroused to the value of the Bible in education, the little teacher stands alone facing the infidel. What would she do? What would you do under the circumstances? Undoubtedly leave the Bible out. And is not that about the way where- by the Bible has been largely shut out of the schools of this country? But suppose the law required the daily use of the Bible in the schools; then the little lady could with quiet dignity face the infidel and say: ‘My dear Mr. Blank, the law of this state requires me to read that Book in the school room just as it requires me to teach Arithmetic, and I have no choice l’ Thus, is not the mandatory law a pro- tection to the teacher in giving to the children what she really wants to give them and what is for their good? And is not that law a protection to the schools against the on- sloughts of infidelity? - Dr. A.—Well, I declare, that is an eye opener to me. I see it very differently now. But I have one more ob- jection to the compulsory reading of the Bible in the schools, and this is my big one. The constitution specifically grants the right of religious freedom, and under this provision the state has no right to compel the smallest child to adopt any religious belief or join in any religious worship. N. R. A.—Ha! Ha! Ha! Doctor, that is your big gun and you have loaded it to the muzzle and fired it at me point blank direct in my face. But it never touched me. The laws often provide, and the courts hold, that any child may be excused from that part of the exercises upon re- quest of parent or guardian, but seldom is such a request made. Again listen to the courts on this point. The Su- preme court of Maine declared “Reading the Bible is no more interference with religious belief than would reading the mythology of Greece or Rome be regarded as interfering with religious belief or affirming a pagan creed.” And the Supreme court of Nebraska said “The Iliad may be read in the schools without inculcating a belief in the Olympic deities, and the Koran may be read without teaching the Moslem faith. Why may not the Bible be read without indoctrinating children in the creed or dogma of any sect?” And the Supreme court of Texas said, “It does not follow that one or more individuals have the right to have the courts deny the people the privilege of having their children instructed in the moral truths of the Bible because such ob- jectors do not desire that their own children shall be par. ticipants therein. This would be to starve the moral and Spiritual natures of the many out of deference to the few.” Dr. A.—Well! Well! Well! You have brushed aside my greatest objection to the use of the Bible in the schools. I have no leg to stand on. Of course I have other smaller objections, but since you have so easily set aside my big ones, you can doubtless easily, answer the smaller ones. I will simply waive them all and say, Yes, sir, you may have my pulpit for as full discussion as you care to give of the subject of the Bible in the public schools, and I will do my best to arrange a union mass meeting and give you a full house. I will even go further. I will gladly urge my people to write their members of the legislature asking them to sup- port the measure in the legislature providing for the daily use of the Bible in every schoolroom in the state. And I shall be glad to act on any committee you may suggest either here or at the state capitol. And I will gladly do all I can to get Our members of the legislature to vote for the bill. We simply must restore the Bible to our schools, we must satur- ate our educational system with its great moral and religious truths, we must untie the hands of our teachers, we must get behind and protect and encourage them in giving to the children the great moral and religious Principles from the Book of books. Only thus can we overcome this present nation-wide slump in morals, only thus can the state pay its eternal debt to childhood, giving every one the best chance possible. N. R. A.—Splendid, Doctor, perfectly splendid! I knew you would come out all right. I will be with you then two weeks from next Sabbath night at 7:30. Good bye, and God bless you. FRIENDS OF NATIONAL REFORM In the recent session of the Pittsburgh Conference of the Methodist Protestant Church, the following action was incorporated in the report of Committee on Moral Reform: We are in hearty sympathy and accord with the program of The National Reform Association in its effort to make this Government a Christian government. We therefore recommend: First: that we extend our moral and financial The National Reform Association. Second: The election of Dr. L. E. Davis and R. T. Lewis as members of the Executive Board of the Association. Support to [Page Twenty-eight] December, 1923 T EI E C H R IS TI A N S T A. T E S M A. N. THE FEARLESS LEGION The American Legion proposes a new school history of the United States; and of such there is need. In its com- munications with The National Reform Association, asking that we review the text of the work in its galley proofs and make suggestions, appears this statement: “It must speak in an earnest spiritual strain, believing in God; and not being afraid to mention Him.” In the retiring address of Commander Alvin Owsley, as he bids farewell to his fellow legionnaires, he invokes “the blessing of the God of our fathers issuing forth from the throne of His Infinite Grace.” Thus are speaking the men who went into the valley of death to rescue the world. In their supreme trial they sensed the power of the Infinite. And they who feared no man have come back to tell us to write our American history with a recognition of God and not to be afraid of the opinions of men. - If the American Legion can carry out its purpose and make a reverent God-fearing textbook a part of the public school system of the United States, it will have conferred a greater service upon the coming generations than it gave to the one now passing, when it saved the nation and the world. RALLY ALL Federal Prohibition Commissioner Roy A. Haynes has issued “Eight Commandments’’ for the guidance of citi- zens who desire to help in the enforcement of the law. The seventh of these is a general call; but it is fair to use it also as a special call to all the membership of The National Reform Association, and to millions not yet brought into practical knowledge of the work which this Association is doing: “Affiliate with those societies and organizations that have for their purpose the inculcating of the spirit of respect for law in both young and old.” The Speakers Bureau of The National Reform Associa- tion is conducting a campaign in behalf of law observance. If the millions and tens of millions of law-abiding earnest citizens in this country, who desire to uphold the laws, will co-operate in this work of The National Reform Association; before another year shall have rolled around, the massed power of Christian citizenship will be with the Govern- ment—and an end of the nefarious trade will be in sight. NEVER KNEW US BEFORE NOW HE DOES October 31, 1923. Dear CHRISTIAN STATESMAN : A short time since there came to me through a friend, a copy of your magazine. I have never before happened to have a copy, and I was so much impressed with it and liked it so well that I wish to enroll myself as a subscriber. Enclosed find $2 for which send me the magazine for one year. Yours, A. R. INGRAM, Argentime, Michigan. ORDER YOUR B00ks FROM Pittsburgh OUR MAIL, ORDER DEPARTMENT IS UNSURPASS- ED. YOUR ORDERS WILL HAVE PROMPT AND CAREFUL ATTENTION. WE PAY POSTAGE. T H E L A T E S T B O O. K. S. THE MAKING AND MEANING OF THE NEW TESTAMENT— Rev. Jas H. Snowden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2.25 CHRISTIANITY AND LIBERALISM- J. Gresham Machen, D.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.75 THE GOD OF THE UNEXPECTED– Charles F. Wishart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.75 A MONEYLESS MAGNATE AND OTHER ESSAYS- Frederick F. Shannon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50 SCIENTIFIC CHRISTIAN THINKING FOR YOUNG PEOPLE– Howard A. Johnston, Ph.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.25 MAN AND THE ATTAINMENT OF IMMORTALITY – Prof. J. Y. Simpson, M.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.25 THE SEVEN IDEADLY SINS- Rev. Norman Macleod Caie, B.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.00 SEEING LIFE WHOLE: (A Christian Philosophy of Life)— Henry Churchill King . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50 CHRISTIANITY AND SOCIAL SCIENCE: (Challenge to the Church)—Prof. C. A. Ellwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.75 THE INEVITABLE CHRIST- Joseph Fort Newton, D.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50 TEIE APOSTLE PAUL AND THE MODERN WORLD- Francis G. Peabody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50 GOD OR GORILLA— Alfred W. McCann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.00 ONE HUNDRED BEST SERMONS FOR SPECIAL DAYS AND OCCASIONS.–G. B. F. Hallock 2.50 PLACES OF QUIET STRENGTH AND OTHER sºloss-, ----------------- John Timothy Stone, D.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .00 AT HOME IN THE BIBLE– T. H. Darlow, M.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00 CYCLOPEDIA OF SERMON OUTLINES– Rev. Aquilla Webb, D.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --- - - - - - - - - - - 3.00 THE MYSTICAL QUEST OF CHRIST- Robert F. Horton, D.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.00 WHY I BELIEVE IN RELIGION.— Charles R. Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.75 JEREMIAH, THE BOOK, THE MAN, THE PROPHET- George Adam Smith, D.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00 TEIE NEW GREATNESS— Rev. Frederick F. Shannon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.25 RUBBLE AND ROSE LEAVES.–. F. W. Boreham . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.75 IS THE HIGHER CRITICISM SCHOLARLY 1– Robert Dick Wilson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 TEIE GREAT REFUSAIL– Newell Dwight Hillis, D.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50 THE HEALING SEIADOW- Bishop William A. Quayle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00 ANCESTRAL VOICES.– Rev. John A. Hutton, D.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.75 WHAT IT MEANS TO BE A CHRISTIAN– Prof. Edward J. Bosworth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.25 A SOURCE BOOK FOR THE TEACHINGS OF JESUS— Ernest D. Burton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00 FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH- Rev. W. E. Orchard, D.D., 4 volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.60 GOD’S CALL TO AMERICA AND OTHER ADDRESSES- Rev. Geo. W. Truett, D.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50 A YOUNG MAN'S VIEW OF THE MINISTRY- S. M. Shoemaker, Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.25 RELIGION AND LIFE: (Foundations of Personal Religion— D. Ingee and Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.00 CONFRONTING YOUNG MEN WITH THE LIVING CHRIST- John R. Mott . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50 ELIJAH'S MANTLE AND OTHER SERMONS- Geo. W. Truett, D.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50 FIFTY SHORT SERMONS-by T. D. Talmage—selected by his daughter—M. Talmage . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.50 LEARN TO LIVE– Daniel A. Poling, LL.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50 TEIE HOLY SPIRIT OF GOD- W. H. Griffith Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00 PELOURET’S SELECT NOTES- International Sunday School Lessons for 1924 . . . . . . . . 1.90 TAR BELL’S TEACHER GUIDE— International Sunday School Lessons for 1924 . . . . . . . . 1.90 SNOWDEN'S BOOK on the Sunday School lessons for 1924 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.25 SEND FOR OUR NEW CHURCH SUPPLY AND HOLIDAY CATALOGUE ATISO OUR NEW AND STANDARD RELIGIOUS BOOK CATALOGUE– PRESBYTERIAN BOOK STORE ROBERT J. GIBSON, Supt., Granite Building, Sixth Avenue and Wood Street, PITTSBURGH, PA. º December, 1923 - º [Page Twenty-nine] T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N SAVED THROUGH THE GIDEONS By J. RAMSEY CUTLER, Chaplain Pittsburgh Camp of Gideons. This is the experience of a traveling man who was saved by the power of God through a Gideon Bible. After a night of drinking and gambling and after losing practically all his money, he went to his hotel room, half intoxicated and more than half desperate. He was trying to gather his scattered wits into a purpose to go back and demand from the gambling den the money which had been taken from him in a fraudulent game. As he stumbled about his bedroom his eyes fell on a book which was lying on the dressing table. When he saw it was the Holy Bible, he swore in disgust. He says that he was mad to think that the Gideons should be permitted to load up his room with a book which he did not want to read nor to see. In his anger he opened it and at his first glance he saw these Words: “Whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap.” To his consternation this seemed like a voice sounding a rebuke and an admonition to him. He was sobered almost in an instant. Back upon his mind rushed a flood of childhood memories. He dropped on his knees and asked God to bestow upon him forgiveness and strength. Fully composed he sought out his former com- panions and notified them that never again would he drink or gamble with them or anyone else. He had repented and now he was seeking salvation. That man has since come to his Savior. And this is School and, choir, also solos, duets, male quartets, etc. the work of the Gideon Bible under the power of God. Send No Money. Write — state your needs. We send The “German Youth Movement” is for total abstinence. Dept. F. E. H., 207 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. Several more breweries have been turned into ice cream factories. The first electric light in any store was installed in John Wanamaker’s, December 26, 1878. The “most thoroughly read newspaper in Greater Kansas City” is the Kansas City Church World. President Masaryk of Czecho-Slovakia, advises that we -------º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-, --, --. How to induce Regular Bible Studyin Your Church Nothing can so transform mere church members into workers as the study of God’s word, the Bible—for it - is the foundation for faith. Study classes so often fail WA from lack of experienced leadership or lack of a prac- fºLa tical course to follow. ºſ.ºrg.ua Not Sold for Profit 1) - - - ti ; - sº succeed because they are built on 34 years' parts to each other. experience of Moody Bible Institute in reli- Practical Christian Work—methods - - ºº::...; gious teaching. Last year 10,047 students of Christian work. almost every race and nationality took one Inºdºlº! or more of these courses by mail. In our day - ire Bible. - - º ..". º* and evening classes 1,700 more resident stu- Yº...º.º.º. dents were training for Christian work. workers. . . - Revitalize your church with a Bible Study Club. chººl;d"...'. Use a Sunday School Class, the Young People's Society § tºta or a special group. Follow one of our eight tested Bible Doctrine-great basic doc- Home Study Courses and success is yours. trines of Christianity. The costissmall—these Courses are not sold for profit. Bible Shapter §ºry—an easy Write for free Prospectus of eight courses and plan way to know the Bible. of organizing a Bible Study Club. Don’t put it off–tear Scofield Bible Correspondence out andfillin the coupon, and senditin-NOW. Course—scholarly, for ministers ! } M H H K K K K } }{ M K H M M H M }{ H K K M H | | H and gºtian workers-ºversen MOODY BIBLE INSTITUTE Dept. 3748 153 Institute Place, Chicago, Ill. MOODY BIBLE INSTITUTE, Dept. 3748 153 Institute Place, CHICAGO, ILL. Synthetic Bible Study [] Please send me FREE your Prospectus describing the Eight Practical Christian Work [] Home Bible Study Courses—also your plan for organizing a Home Introd. Bible Course [] . Bible Study Club. I am most interested in those checked at left. Evangelism Christian Evidences Bible Doctrine Bible Chapter Summary [] r | Scofield Bible Course []. Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emma = m = m ms m = m =rma = - mºra ºn m = - - H N a In e. | DO YOU NEED SONG. BOOKS2 Write for returnable copies. We supply song books for all departments of church work including Sunday advance copies at once. Clip this advertisement and address GLAD TIDINGS PUBLISHING CO., TY P E W R. I. T. E. R. S All makes slightly used machines, $20 up. Five days free trial. Easy monthly payments. Express prepaid. Guaranteed two years. Write today for price list.—Address, PAYNE COMPANY., Dept. 260, Rosedale Station, Kansas City, KANSAS be not pessimistic about Germany. Her political centers Statistics give the number of Jews in the United States may shift, but her patient, industrious, thrifty people will at present as over 3,500,000, and in New York City as over get back on their job of work. 2,000,000. President James Rowland Angell says to Yale students, Official British figures show, that at current rates of ex- “You cannot under the Federal law and you cannot under change, taxation in Great Britain is almost three times as the University law, bring intoxicating liquors into any build- heavy as in the United States. The statistics give the rate ing of the University;” and he warns them that violation in Great Britain as $72.44 per capita as against $25.70 in of the law will result in dismissal. the United States, $24.39 in France, and $11.81 in Italy. [Page Thirty] December, 1923 without annoyances---luxuriously---without responsibility Assured of Every Comfort and Consideration VISIT THE ALLURING MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES º Madeira Islands, - r— Jerusalem (Bethlehem, * Spain (Cadiz, Seville, Grenada), 1 8 D AY S Nazareth, Galilee, sºmalia), Gibraltar, o Alexandria, Algiers, . . 111 . . Cairo Ath Phal Bay), - y sº ay) THE HOLY LAND . * Pompeii, Haifa, 111elranche, * and EGYP T Monte Carlo. FASCINATING NILE TRIPS (specially chartered Nile steamers) to LUXOR, KARNAK, THEBES, ASSOUAN Aſ Optional Paris-London and across Europe—stopover in Europe—return tickets good within a º 5 year with return privilege, first class, on such world-famous ships as the MAJESTIC, OLYMPIC, . ; HOMERIC. The magnificent White Star S. S. BALTIC (23,884 tons) makes the round trip and is your palatial home for 65 wonderful days of luxurious travel, with scenic dramas unfolding before your vision as we sail smoothly on the blue waters of the Mediterranean Sea, and cast anchor at all im- - portant ports, visiting all places of interest. - Prices range from $600 to $2,550, depending on size and location of stateroom (chambers de luxe, suites, perfect appointments); everything first-class throughout. Prices include hotels, fees, drives, etc., while on regular shore trips. Sailing Date February 2, 1924 For further - particulars address: - THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN Publication Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. Illustrated book, and . ship diagram sent * E= postpaid upon re- TOMBS OF THE KINGS AT THE BES. quest. - The large doorway, entrance to the Tomb of Rameses VI. The 3: just below to the right shows the entrance to the recently excavated Tomb of Tut-ankh-Amen. - December, 1923 [Page Thirty-one T H E C H R IS TI A N S T A T E S M A N Free We will mail free a beau- tiful 32-page b o o k let of sample pages f r o m the S tº a n d a rid H is to r y of the World, E on taining picture s of great char- acters in his– tory, to every reader who mails to us the C O U P O N. Christian Martyrs Griven to Ine Lions HRISTIANITY, is the greatest fact in history. The early Christians endured martyrdom rather than forsake Principle. C The picture shown herewith depicts 87,000 people assembled in the Coliseum at Rome to witness the Christians given to the lions. In such a scene may be read the inevitable doom of the Empire that ruled the world. the history of mankind—every sacrifice for principle, every struggle for liberty, every conflict and every achievement, from the dawn of civilization down to the present time—then embrace this splendid opportunity to place in your home the STANDARD HISTORY OF THE WORLD We will name our Introductory Price and easy terms of payment and mail free our 32 beautiful sample pages to all readers interested. A coupon for your convenience is printed at the bottom of this advertisement. Write name and address plainly and mail now before you forget it. We will mail the sample pages without any obligation on your part to buy. You can purchase this great work if you act at once at a very reasonable price and pay for it in cash, or in small sums monthly, as you prefer. Mail the Coupon. If you would know Tear off the coupon, gººseofºº sº H. E. SEVER, Pres. 140 So. Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill. ſian Statesman Reader Name Address . . . . Please mail without cost to me, your 32 page, Sam ple booklet of the Standara History of the World, - taining sample pages and pic: tures of great characters in his tory, and write me full particulars of your special offer to The Chris S. con- Six Thousand COUPON The NEW STANDARD History of the World covers WESTERN the history of the whole human race from the begin- NEWSPAPER ning of civilization down to the present time. Here ASSOCIATION you find the growth and development of all govern- ment, the history of art and literature, the religion N of peoples and races, and the development of all commerce and invention. Here you find the º story of all the famous women and men º, whose names are flashed across the pages of history. They are all here. In this his- Ntory are the developments of all races and nations, the lust of 10,000 battles, the struggle of 1,000 kings, the be. 34. ginning, the growth and fall of © nation after nation, a great pag- eant of history in which mil- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - lions of characters have played their part. (11-23) Years of History The Pyramids of Egypt had looked down—old and still—for hundreds of years on the activities of man at the time when the Children of Israel passed through Egypt across the Red Sea—and even before that distant period begins the story of mankind. . Be- fore the separation of races, before the Assyrians were, before the gods of China, before Jerusalem was thought of—far back—begins the story; finding for you the first glimmer of light on the blackness of unknown and uncounted ages. And so this story of man, from the far beginnings through the classic ages, down through the dark centuries when all Europe stopped for six hundred years in ignorance and despair—through the Middle Ages gay enough with chivalry—is brought down to the recent World War. The work covers every race, every nation, every time. Nothing more interesting, absorbing and inspiring has ever been written. - º - * º * [Page Thirty-two.] December, 1923 AT THE BIG DESK RATES-Payable in advance, $2.00 the year. rates on application. ARTHUR #3. COOPER, Business Manager In Canada and other countries, $2.25. Single copies 20 cents. Clº REMITTANCES-Should be made by check, draft or money order payable to The Christian Statesman, and mailed to Room 501, Publication Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. Receipt will be sent if two-cent stamp is enclosed with remittance. EXPIRATIONS-The time of expiration is given each month on the wrapper. Special notice will be sent in advance. Pleagº notify us soon after receipt of last copy if you wish discontinuance. RENEWALS-Please specify “renewal” and write name as it appears on the label. If payment is not received in due tº we shall not feel warranted in continuing. Please be prompt. CHANGE OF ADDRESS—Change of address or notice for discontinuance should reach us by the first of the month. {}; not fail to give both old and new address. Acknowledgment will be made by change of address on the wrappar. Would Your Subscription Ex- pire With This Issue? Last year we offered a small reduction at holiday sea- son to all who would renew before Christmas. That was because we were anxious to hold all as continuous readers. We are just as desirous now to hold all. But we are still more concerned in improving the quality of the magazine. To do this we are compelled to hold the regular price. We are more than sure anyway, that an increase in quality will please our readers more than a decrease in rate. A year ago we also offered a special rate for Christ- ma presents. But we have feared since that it may have pained some of our best friends. Who wants to go to a bargain counter to buy presents for a friend or to cele- brate the King’s birthday ? So we are choosing to offer the best possible to you and your Christmas friend at the regular rate. You will not want to be without the big features planned for 1924. For some time, also, we have been making a rate of 3 years for $5.00. We are not withdrawing this rate until January 1. Until then, whether your subscription has ex- pired or not we will advance your subscription three years for $5.00. After then, we must hold the rate at $2.00 straight. We believe that whether it be church paper or Chris- tian citizenship magazine, folks want what they want to be of the best quality. It costs little more. If this is your idea stay with us. HELP US MAKE THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN THE BEST POSSIBLE. YOU CAN DO THIS BY SEND- ING IN YOUR RENEWAL AT THE EARLIEST POS- SIBLE MOMENT. MEET MY FRIEND! What a pleasure it is to introduce our friends to those worthy of acquaintance. Two lives are thereby blessed by the opening of channels of mutual service. The Christian Statesman is no longer a wall flower. But it still wants to meet all the folks. You know us and you know some of the folks we don't know, but ought to know. Link up helpful forces in the Kingdom. Be a high grade matchmaker. The opportunity and responsibility are in your hands. Have a heart! Yes, we want to know your friends because we believe we have a message for them from their enthroned King. By the way, have you read the next cover page? Do yourself a favor. Read it and then come back here. What think you? We have hung the “twenty-five each”, be- fore you. Keep looking at it and do your best. Bring forth gold, frankincense and myrrh. º START THE NEW YEAR RIGHT FOR YOURSELF AND FRIENDS WITH A CHRISTMAS SUBSCRIPTION TO THE CHRISTIAN STATESMAN. IT PRO. CLAIMS THE BENIGN KINGSHIP OF CHRIST OVER ALL LIFE, CALLS UPON ALL LIFE TO TURN TO HIM AS THE ONLY WAY OUT OF THE WORLD'S WOES AND UNTO PROSPERITY AND Special/ The publishers will send the January issue, Christmas-wrapped in a special tube, together with your Christmas greeting, to all names sent on or before December 15 to Christmas Department, The Christian States- man, 501 Publication Building, Pittsburgh, Pa., with remittance at regular rate of $2.00 a year. Or if you wish we will mail to you for personal delivery. Then in the regular way during 1924. DO NOT FAIL TO DO THIS | You Can Head Off the Next World War Before Chrisºnas Many of our readers have during the year been laying up Christmas Savings Accounts. Others will set apart definite amounts for Christmas giving. As Chris tians you will not only inquire how you can bring the greatest Christmas joy to the greatest number, but you will want the outlay to be a memorial to your King on His Birthday. - How can you best determine this? Will you consider our answer with a view to making it your own? we of ºne icº. today face a definite organized challenge of the claims of Christ, and a determined purpose to break down our American Christianity. If every Chris- tian citizen were a reader of The Christian Statesman and committed to its pro- gram, this drive would be doomed But no Many Christian citizens slumber in geºseºane. They must be aroused. If every reader of this official journal of Christian civics would join with each other reader in making himself responsible for twenty-five new readers each, the movement to de Christianize America would not pass Vindicate Christian Gov. ºnment and you sheath the sword. What better kindness to your twenty-five and what higher tribute to your King than to spend your Christmas savings Account in this way? Does this seem far- etched Then let's bring it to the King himself. We often ask our friends what gift would please them most Does it seen impracticable? Let us see The aver- age American Christian's salary can easily be placed at $2,500 Are you above or elow this? Charge yourself accordingly above or below the quota of twenty-five each new readers to bring with you to Bethlehem. Have you not spent more for things you would not bring. Others are offering even more to Anti-Christ. And above this should not ability in grace triumph over ability in gold? Is this proposal not fair? Think it over carefully. Pray about it. A "Tºº All The proclaiming of the King to the nation through the twenty- ºve each plan is just as much your duty and gracious privilege, gentle reader, as it is mine. Then why º get to it? And what better time than right now? The Call is unto you to be a King's herald sº our go oppºrvº tº on tº prºpºd ºn º, º 'º tºº º Pºlº Rºº