- pºss III
UNIVERSITY OF
THIRD AND FINAL REPORT
OF
HER MAJESTY'S COMMISSIONERS,
APPOINTED NOVEMBER 10, A.D. 1852,
TO INQUIRE INTO THE
STATE AND CONDITION OF THE CATHEDRA,
AND COLLEGIATE CHURCHES IN
ENGLAND AND WALES.
WITH AN APPENDIX.
-- --
Hºrºented to hotſ, 390ttges of parliament by Glommanu of gºt ſłłąjºtº.
- 25th May 1855.
L O N T ON .
PRINTED BY GEORGE EDWARD EYEE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN’s MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.
FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. -
-
1855.
JN ºr ºr Mº’
GENERAL IIBRA tº
__







EX
º
TABLE OF CONTENTS TO THE THIRD AND FINAL REPORT.
Page
COMMISSION extending the duration of the Cathedral Commission - - - iii
I, CONSTITUTION OF CATHEDRAL CHURCHES - - - - - Vi
Revision of Statutes - - - - - - - viii
Patronage of Canonries - - - - - - - X
Archdeacons - - - - - - - - xi
Vicars Choral or Minor Canons * - - - - - xii
Patronage of Capitular Benefices - - - - - - xiii
II, FUNCTIONS OF CATHEDRAL BODIES - - - - - - xiii
1. Public Worship - - - - - - - xiii
2. Other Duties * - - - - - - XV
3. Religious Education - - - - - - - xvii
Theological Colleges - - - - - - - xix
Diocesan Inspection - - - - - - - xix
III. LAY MEMBERS AND OFFICERS - - - - - - XX
Organist - - - - - - - - - XX
Lay Vicars or Clerks - - - - - - - XX
Choristers - - - - - - - - XX
Bedesmen - - - - - - - - - 2xx
IV, FABRIC * - - - - - - - - - xxi
W. CAPITULAR PROPERTY AND REVENUE - - - - - ; xxi
I. Expenses of Capitular Establishments - - - - - xxii
Incomes of Deans and Canons - - - - - - - xxii
Incomes of Minor Canons and other Members, and various Expenses - xxiii
II. Management and Improvement of Property, and Augmentation of Vicarages xxiv.
VI. ERECTION OF NEW SEES, AND OTHER ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DISCHARGE OF
- º EPISCOPAL DUTIES - - - - - - - XXV
-- New Sees - - - - - - - - Y
Other arrangements for the discharge of Episcopal Duties - - - XX
CoNCLUSION - - - - - - ---- xxv.
Summary of Recommendations - - - - - - - xxix
Table of the Patronage of Canonries - - - - - - XXXV
Statement respecting the Property and Revenue of Cathedrals included in the security
| to Queen Anne's Bounty - - - - - - xxxvi.
Schedule of Cathedral Schools - - - - - - - xxxvi
Schedule of Additional Sees - - - - - - - zli
Statement of Objections to some of the Recommendations:
Hon. and Rev. H. Montagu Villiers - - - - - xliv
Rev. Dr. Wordsworth - - - - - --- xlv.
APPENDIX. - - - - - - - - i








C O M M ISSION
EXTENDING the DURATION of the COMMISSION for inquiring into the
state of the Cathedral and Collegiate Churches in England and
Wales, and matters connected there with.
VICTORIA R.
Číctoria by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland Queen, Defender of the Faith ; To the most Reverend Father in
God, Our right trusty and right entirely beloved councillor, John Bird, Arch-
bishop of Canterbury; the most Reverend Father in God, Our right trusty
and right entirely beloved councillor, Thomas Archbishop of York; Our trusty
and well-beloved John Winston Churchill, Esquire (commonly called Marquis
of Blandford); Our right trusty and right well-beloved cousin, Dudley, Earl
of Harrowby ; the Right Reverend Father in God, Our right trusty and well-
beloved councillor, Charles James Bishop of London; the Right Reverend
Father in God, Samuel Bishop of Oxford; Our right trusty and well-beloved
councillors, Sir John Dodson, Knight, Doctor of Laws, and Sir John Patteson,
Knight; Our trusty and well-beloved Sir William Page Wood, Knight,
Christopher Wordsworth, Doctor in Divinity, Walter Farquhar Hook, Doctor
in Divinity, William Selwyn, Clerk, Bachelor in Divinity, and Henry Montagu
Williers, Clerk, Master of Arts, Greeting: ºſſibertag We did by Commissions
under our Royal Sign Manual, bearing date respectively, the Tenth Day of
November, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two; the Sixth Day of
August, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, and the Thirty-first Day of
October, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, appoint you to be our Com-
missioners for inquiring into the State and Condition of the several Cathedral
Churches in England and Wales, and did authorize and empower you to report
your several Proceedings, under and by virtue of such Commissions, within
the space of Two Years from the Tenth Day of November, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-two: 2nd tubertåg you have reported to Us certain
of your several Proceedings under and by virtue of such Commissions :
gînly tubertag it has been humbly represented unto Us, that certain other of
your Proceedings have not yet been reported to Us, and that it would therefore
be expedient to extend the duration of the said Commissions, for the purpose
of enabling you to make a Final Report touching the said Inquiry: #20tu
#motu pt that We are graciously pleased to extend the duration of the said
N 317. A 2


IV
Commissions until the Tenth Day of May next ensuing, for the purpose of
enabling you to make a Final Report on the several Matters and Things sub-
mitted for your consideration.
Given at Our Court at Saint James’s, the Fifth Day of January 1855, in
the Eighteenth Year of Our Reign.
By Her Majesty's Command,
PALMERSTON.

T
-
*
>
TH I R D A N ID TE TIN A L R E PORT
OF
HER MAJESTY'S COMMISSIONERS
FOR INQUIRING INTO THE
STATE OF CATHEI) RAL AND COLLEGIATE CHURCHES
IN ENGLAND AND WALES,
AND MATTERS CONNECTED THE REWITH.
TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.
MAY IT PLEASE YoUR MAJESTY,
We, Your Majesty’s Commissioners, appointed by a Commission, bear-
ing date November 10, 1852, to inquire into the state and condition of the
several Cathedral and Collegiate Churches in England and Wales, humbly
offer to Your Majesty this our Third and Final Report.
In our First Report, dated April 6, 1854, we presented a brief historical
review of these ancient institutions, of the general principles on which they
were founded, and of the purposes they were designed to serve. We noticed
the changes introduced by custom (which by the lapse of time have become
law), by the alteration of Cathedral Statutes, and by the operation of Statutes
of the realm; closing our review with a summary of the enactments of the
last fifteen years.
In the same Report, and the Appendix, we presented the evidence received
by us from the several Cathedral Bodies, with returns of revenue for seven years
ending with the year 1852; and the suggestions made to us by some of the
Bishops, Deans, and Chapters, and various classes of Cathedral Ministers; and
by members of the Universities, on subjects connected with our inquiry.
Our Second Report, dated March 16th, 1855, related specially to the re-
establishment of a separate Bishopric for the County of Cornwall; a subject
which, for several reasons, appeared to require immediate attention.
On the present occasion it will be sufficient to make such references to the
copious information supplied in our First Report and Appendix as may enable
us to derive suggestions from the experience of the past, and to explain
our reasons for the recommendations contained in this our Final Report, for the
improvement of the Capitular Foundations.
We shall consider the subject under the following heads, according to the
terms of Your Majesty's Commission:
I. Constitution of Cathedral Churches.
II. Functions of Cathedral Bodies :
1. Public Worship.
2. Other Duties.
3. Religious Education.
III. Lay members and Officers.
IV. Fabric.
V. Capitular Property and Revenue.
VI. Erection of new Sees, and other arrangements for the discharge of
Episcopal duties.




yi CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
Rep. 1. pp. iv.
xviii., xxi.
1. p. viii.
Rep. 1. p. xxviii.
Canons xxxv, and
cxxii.
Rep. 1. p. x.
Appendix, p. (65.)
Canon Xliii.
Rep. 1. p. vi.
Extracts from
Statutes, App.
pp. (5.) (10.)
Rep. 1. p. vii.
Rep. 1. p. x.
Rep. 1. p. xii.
Statutes of Canter-
bury, App. p. (57.)
Ely, pp. (64.) (65.)
A
I. CONSTITUTION OF CATHEDRAL CHURCHES.
The original purpose of a Cathedral Church was of a Missionary character;
the Bishop living together with his associated Clergy; maintaining the constant
worship of ALMIGHTY GOD ; educating the young in the faith of Christ; and
sending forth Preachers of the Gospel into all parts of the Diocese.
When the Christian Faith was more widely diffused, and the country divided
into parishes, each furnished with its own Church and Minister, the Cathedral
bodies were adapted to the altered circumstances of the Church. The Dean
and Chapter formed a corporation, with possessions distinct from those of the
Bishop; their functions chiefly centering in the solemn Public Worship of the
Cathedral Church, but still associated with the Bishop, and having many points
of connection with the Diocese and with the general system of the Church.
The Cathedral was entitled Matria Ecclesia, the spiritual metropolis or Mother
Church of the Diocese.
This character of a Cathedral Church is shown by the following particulars :
The Bishop, when present, had an assigned part in the services of the
Cathedral.
The Archdeacons of the Diocese had a place in the Choir, and a voice in
Chapter.
The Cathedral was recognised (and is still) as the Parish Church of the
Diocese.
The Dean and Chapter were recognised by the Common Law, and by Cathe-
dral Statutes, as the Bishop's Council of advice in all weightier causes. The
exercise of certain spiritual functions, and the charge of the temporalities during
the vacancy of the See, and the election of a new Bishop, were vested by law in
the Chapter. -
The Cathedral Clergy were required to be ready when called upon to
assist the Bishop in the examination of candidates for Holy Orders, and in the
exercise of ecclesiastical discipline.
And lastly, the Dean and Canons were solemnly enjoined, both by Cathedral
Statutes and the Ecclesiastical Canons, to be diligent in preaching the Word
of God, chiefly in the Cathedral Church, but also in other places.
Such being the character and office of a Cathedral Church, we come next
to consider,
What should be its constitution and functions, in order that it may most
effectually “promote the high and holy purposes for which it was founded,
and extend the means of Public Worship and Religious Education ?”
We have shown, that in the Cathedrals of the Old Foundation, the four
Principal Persons, viz., Dean, Precentor, Chancellor, and Treasurer, were bound
to continual residence, each having his own distinct sphere of duty.
The Canons of the Church (varying in number in different Cathedrals and
consisting partly of Presbyters, partly of Deacons,) were all alike bound to
reside for a certain part of every year, so that the services of the Church
might be continually maintained.
In process of time this rule was modified ; the duty of residence and the
emoluments attached to it were confined to a portion of the whole body; these
were distinguished by the title of Canons Residentiary; while the Chapter still
comprised all the Canons, and the right of voting at Chapter meetings remained
the same as before.
In the Charters and Statutes given to the Cathedrals of the New Foundation
by King Henry VIII. the Dean and Canons are designated as a perpetual corpo-
ration, dedicated to the service of ALMIGHTY GOD in the Cathedral Church,
and bound to continual residence, with the allowance of 100 days absence to
the Dean and 80 to a Canon, in the year; with the condition that a certain :
portion, one third or one fourth part, of the Canons should always be in resi-
dence together.
We have no evidence to show that these regulations were strictly observed;
and in process of time the statutes relating to residence were relaxed, in such
a manner that the term allowed for absence in the year became the term prescribed
for residence.
The Canons being generally possessed of benefices without limitation as
distance, have for the most part resided at the Cathedral only the short





THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. vii
required by the altered statutes, and have thus become less capable of united
action, less sensible of corporate responsibility, and less available to the Bishop
as his council of advisers. -
While we gladly acknowledge the fact that the Cathedrals have in many
instances furnished due provision for laborious ministers of GoD's Word, that
they have been the means of encouraging and promoting sacred learning, have
fostered many able and zealous champions of the faith, who have maintained
the cause of Christianity, taken part in the translation of the scriptures into
our own and foreign tongues, and adorned the Church of England; we are
yet compelled to confess, that various circumstances have rendered such instances
less numerous than they might have been.
In the year 1835 a Royal Commission of Inquiry was issued, embracing,
among other objects, the Cathedral and Collegiate Churches.
In consequence of the recommendations of that Commission, the Cathedral
Chapters have, with some exceptions, been reduced, by suspension of Canon-
ries, each to a Dean and four Canons, the former bound to reside not less
than eight, the latter not less than three months each. But the law still
allows Canons to hold benefices in any part of the country; so that there is,
in most cases, only one Canon in residence at a time. -
Your Majesty having been pleased to direct us to inquire into the same
subject, we have given our most careful consideration to the fundamental ques-
tion of the residence of the Dean and Canons.
And we have come to the conclusion, that the full efficiency of the Cathe-
dral Bodies cannot be secured, without a return to the spirit of the ancient rule
with respect to residence.
We therefore humbly recommend to Your Majesty, that (so long at least as
the present suspension of Canonries shall last)–
Every Dean and Canon Residenţiary hereafter appointed shall reside at his
Cathedral Church for nine months in every year.
In the process of framing the Cathedral Statutes in accordance with this
- rule, we propose to recommend that such limitations be introduced as will
allow the time spent in diocesan or professional duties annexed to a Canonry,
to be reckoned as part of the term of residence.
Our conviction of the necessity of this rule is confirmed by the suggestions
of several Bishops and Chapters, portions of which are cited in the Appendix
to this Report. And we trust that under the operation of this system all the
functions of Cathedral Churches will be more effectually discharged; the public
worship of GoD and the preaching of His Word, in the Cathedral Church and
in other places, maintained with greater solemnity and efficiency; and the
connexion of the chapter with the Bishop, the Cathedral City, and the Diocese
materially strengthened and improved.*
When the Dean and Canons Residentiary are thus permanently resident, we
think that the chief functions and duties incident to the administration of a
Cathedral Church should be vested in them. We therefore recommend,
That hereafter, in every Cathedral Church where the offices of Precentor,
Chancellor, Treasurer, or Subdean evist, the Dean and Canons Residentiary,
with the assistance of the Minor Canons, be responsible for the ſulfilment of the
duties belonging to those offices, each person having his allotted share; and that
hereafter no other persons be appointed to those offices.
With respect to the Non-residentiary Canons or Prebendaries, of the Old Foun- Canons Non-
dation, we have stated, in our First Report, that by the Act of 1840, their Residentiary.
offices were retained as marks of honour, while their estates were transferred Rep. 1. p. xiii.
(with due regard to vested interests) to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. Also
that by the same Act, the Bishops of the Cathedrals of the New Foundation
(in which no non-residentiary Canons existed) are authorized, with one excep-
tion, to appoint, each in his own Cathedral, a certain number of honorary
Canons.
We are strongly convinced of the necessity of such a body of non-resident
members in every case, as a means of widening the basis of the Cathedral
*
º
º
-
* On the subject of this recommendation, proposing nine months’ residence, and also on that
concerning the tenure of benefices with canonries, some members of our Commission have
expressed a different opinion, the reasons for which will be found in our Appendix, p. 18.
f It will be understood that this means the Chancellor of the Cathedral. -










A 4
viii CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
Connexion of the
Bishop with the
Chapter.
Rep. 1. p. xxvii,
Rep. 1. p. xxxvi.
Authority of the
Dean.
Church, and promoting its connexion with the Diocese; and of affording to the
Bishop a larger council of advice, with whom, as occasions arise, he may hold
conference on Diocesan affairs.
We therefore propose to Your Majesty, that the Constitution of the Old
Foundation (in its later form, as above described) be taken as the model of
all Cathedral Churches; and with a view to this we recommend,
That both the Prebendaries of the Old Foundation, and the Honorary Canons
of the New Foundations be styled Canons ; that such Canons (not fewer than
twelve) be appointed by the Bishop ºf every Cathedral; and that these, together
with the Bishop, Dean, Canons Residentiary, and the Archdeacons of the
Diocese, form the Greater Chapter of the Diocese.
That all the Canons Non-residentiary in every Cathedral have the right, now
possessed by the Prebendaries of the Old Foundation, of voting at the election of
a Bishop and of a Capitular Proctor to Convocation.
That the Canons Non-residentiary take their places in Choir and Chapter
next to the Canons Residentiary and Archdeacons, according to seniority of
appointment. -
That any Non-residentiary Canon ceasing to reside in the Diocese (except
under license), cease ipso facto to be a member of the Cathedral Church.
With respect to an important subject pressed upon our attention by several
of the Bishops, we have shown in our First Report that the connexion between
the Bishop and the Cathedral Church has, by a variety of causes, been very
much impaired. In the words of the late Bishop of Salisbury, the Bishop
has in general, “extraordinary jurisdiction as Visitor, but no ordinary jurisdic-
tion as Bishop.”
At the same time we find that the Bishop's authority as Visitor has not been
exercised either regularly or frequently.
To provide a remedy for these defects, we deem it desirable to connect the
Bishop, the Chapter, and the Greater Chapter with the Bishop, so as to ensure,
as far as possible, periodical revision of Cathedral affairs, and to provide oppor-
tunities of mutual conference; by which means, we trust, many questions,
which might otherwise grow up into subjects of appeal, will be considered
and adjusted as they arise.
We therefore recommend,
That the Bishop, wherever it may be practicable, have a place of residence
in the Cathedral City, or in its immediate neighbourhood.
That besides the ordinary Chapters held under the presidency of the Dean,
there be held once in every year, under the presidency of the Bishop, a Chapter
consisting of the Dean and Canons Residentiary; and also a Greater Chapter,
consisting of the Dean, Canons Residentiary, Archdeacons, and Canons Won-
residentiary.
That the Bishop have power to summon a Chapter of the Dean and Canons
Residentiary, when he may deem it ea pedient, for the purpose of bringing
under their consideration subjects relating to the Cathedral Church or the
Diocese, and to preside therein. -
That the Bishop also have power to summon the Greater Chapter when h
may deem it expedient, for the purpose of consulting them.
We do not hereby propose any alteration with respect to the right at present
vested in the Visitor. -
It has been represented to us that, in some cases, the Dean has not in
practice that authority which by the tenor of the Statutes is vested in him.
We therefore recommend,
That in the revision of Cathedral Statutes, care be taken to secure to the
Dean the chief authority and government over the Cathedral body, any custom
or usage of particular Chapters notwithstanding.
That in all cases in which, during the absence of the Dean, his authority
devolves upon the Vice Dean, the senior Canon in residence be invested with
such authority, unless some other Canon shall have been appointed by the Dean,
or by the Dean and Chapter (as the custom may be), to the office of Vice Dean.
REVISION OF STATUTES.
With respect to the important subject of Revision of Statutes, we beg to
refer to the statement made in our First Report (p. xxxvi.), which shows the
necessity for an extensive remodelling of the capitular codes.

THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. ix
The alterations which our Commission may recommend to Her Majesty,
should they be approved and carried into effect, will form a further ground for
a thorough revision.
It is stated in our First Report (p. vi.), that in the old Cathedrals the
Bishop, with the advice and concurrence of the Chapter, enacted statutes, for
which statement authorities are cited. But we are advised that such statutes
were rather of the nature of byelaws, such as it is competent for every corpora-
tion to make ; and that previous to the Act of 1840 no fundamental change,
either in the constitution or statutes of Cathedrals of the old foundation,
could be made but under the authority of an Act of Parliament.
With respect to the new Cathedrals, it is stated in our First Report (p. xi.)
that by the statutes of King Henry VIII. power was reserved to the Crown of
amending the statutes, or making new statutes, and that this power was
sometimes exercised. -
It appears, however, that doubts were raised on this subject, till, by the Act
6 Ann. c. 21., the statutes usually received and practised in the Cathedrals
founded by King Henry VIII. since the restoration of Charles II. were made
good and valid in law, and declared to be the statutes of the said Cathedrals;
and power was given to the Queen, for her life, to make new statutes. This
power does not appear to have been renewed to any subsequent Sovereign.
It seems, therefore, that the statutes of the new foundation could not,
previously to 1840, be amended, or new statutes given, otherwise than by the
authority of Parliament.
By the Act of 1840 (3 & 4 Vict. c. 113. s. 47.) it is enacted, that the several
Chapters shall, either of their own accord or on the requisition of their Visitors,
propose such alterations in their existing statutes and rules as shall provide for
the disposal of the benefices in their patronage to meet the just claims of the
Minor Canons, and as shall make them consistent with the constitution and
duties of the Chapters, as altered under the authority of that Act. In default
of such alterations proposed by the Chapter, the Visitor himself may propose
alterations, and in either case the altered statutes are to be submitted to the
Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England, and confirmed by the Queen in
Council.
No Chapter has received an amended code of statutes under the authority
of this enactment, and it only applies to a small part of the alterations which
are required.*
It is impossible for our Commission, within any reasonable time, to enter
so fully into the details of each Cathedral as to specify all the amendments
required in its statutes. We propose, therefore, to suggest general principles
and regulations, to be applied with due deliberation to the particular cir-
cumstances of each Cathedral.
It is also impossible, by any regulations in detail that may now be devised,
to provide effectually for the permanent well-being of the Cathedral Churches,
and of the various institutions connected with them.
We therefore recommend the following provisions for the requisite amendment
of the Cathedral Statutes :- -
1st. That a Cathedral Commission be appointed by Act of Parliament for a
period of ten years, consisting of the two Archbishops, two Bishops of the
province of Canterbury, and one of York, to be chosen by the Bishops of each
province respectively, and four other persons, members of the Church ofEngland,
(one of whom shall be Dean of a Cathedral Church,) to be appointed by the
Crown.
2d. That, with the earception of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, each of the
Capitular Bodies, into the state and condition of which we have been commanded
to inquire, be empowered and required, with the concurrence of their Bishop,
within one year from the passing of the Act for the Regulating of Cathedral and
Collegiate Churches—to prepare a draft of their Statutes, so as to render them
suitable to evisting circumstances ;
And in case of a Capitular Body having no Statutes, that such body be
empowered and required to frame a Code of Statutes.
* Some alteration of statutes, so far as regards the disposal of benefices, has been recently
made at St. Paul's London, under the provisions of the statute 3 & 4 Wict. c. 113. S. 47.
B
Appendix to Re-
port I. p. (4.)




X CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
Such Statutes, in each case, to be made consistent with the constitution and
duties of Capitular Bodies as regulated by recent legislation, such draft to be
approved by their Visitor, and then laid before the Commissioners; and if it
should appear to the Commissioners that any alterations of such draft are
required, they shall return the same to the Chapter, with their remarks; and
the Chapter shall return the draft approved by the Bishop and Visitor to the
Commissioners within three months. -
That in default of such draft proposed by the Chapter, the Commissioners
be empowered to prepare a draft of amended statutes, and send the same to the
Chapter
3rd. That when the statutes of any Capitular Body have been fully revised
and approved by the Commissioners, they shall lay the same before Her Majesty,
and it shall be lawful for Her Majesty in Council to issue an order or orders
ratifying the same.
4th. That each of the Chapters, with the concurrence of their Bishop, shall
also within two years from the passing of such Act, prepare a draft of such
alterations as to matters of detail and regulation as may be deemed necessary, but
are not of such a nature as to require to be embodied in their Statutes, though in no
respect substantially repugnant thereto ; which draft shall then be laid before the
Commissioners, and shall be dealt with in the same manner as is provided with
regard to the draft of their Statutes ; and that similar alterations may from time to
time, during the continuance of the Cathedral Commission, be proposed by each
of the Chapters to the Commissioners and dealt with in the same manner.
5th. That after the eaſpiration of such Commission, it shall still be lawful for
any Chapter to propose any such alterations as to matters of detail and regula–
tion as shall not be substantially repugnant to any of the Statates, such alterations
to be approved by the Bishop, and the Visitor of the Cathedral, and the Arch-
bishop of the province, and finally laid before Her Majesty in Council.
6th. That any Act appointing a Cathedral Commission, as recommended
above, shall contain a clause repealing so much of the 47th section of the statute
3 & 4 Vict. c. 113. as directs the altered statutes and rules of Cathedral and
Collegiate Churches to be submitted to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for
England, in order to avoid the inconvenience of two concurrent jurisdictions in
relation to the same subject-matter.
With regard to St. George's Chapel at Windsor, we think that its title of “The
Queen's Free Chapel within the Castle of Windsor” marks its character as
distinct from any Cathedral or Collegiate Church. We think, from its direct
connexion with the Sovereign, that it would not be convenient to submit this
body to the rules which we have proposed for other Capitular bodies, to the
future Cathedral Commission, the appointment of which we have recommended.
Having therefore taken into consideration a Memorial from the Dean of
Windsor, and the peculiar character of St. George’s Chapel as “The Queen’s
free Chapel within Her Castle of Windsor,”
We recommend That one of the two Canonries which, on its becoming vacant,
would be suspended, be withdrawn from the operation of the suspending Act, and
on its becoming vacant, be united with the Vicarage in the Royal Borough of
Windsor.
That this Canonry be chargeable with the payment of two ſifths thereof, to
the Vicar of the Holy Trinity, Windsor ; and that the present vicarage house
be transferred to the Vicarage of the Holy Trinity.
And, considering also that, independently of its ecclesiastical character, the
foundation of the Chapel of St. George is an appendage of the Order of the
Garter, of which the Military Knights of Windsor formed an original portion,
We recommend That the second Canonry, on its becoming vacant, be suspended,
and that its endowment be divided among the thirteen Military Knights on the
Upper or Royal Foundation. -
PATRONAGE OF CANONRIES.
To ensure as far as possible the adequate fulfilment of the important duties
incumbent on the Canons of Cathedrals, we beg to recommend as follows:–
That on the appointment to any Canonry, a written statement of the quali-
feations or past services of the person appointed be signed by the Patron, to be
presented to the Chapter, and preserved among their records.





THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. - xi
It appears by the Table given in our First Report (page 41), that the
Canonries in the Patronage of the Crown and of the Lord Chancellor are con-
fined to certain Cathedrals; and that whereas in some Cathedrals the Bishop
has not one Canonry in his Patronage, in others the Bishop has the Patronage
of all.
It seems desirable to suggest a remedy for these inequalities. We therefore
recommend,
That earchange of Patronage of Canonries be made (according to the Table
annered to this Report), on the principle that the Patronage of the Crown and
of the Lord Chancellor should be more equally diffused, and that every Bishop
should have the Patronage of some Canonries in his own Cathedral.
That in case of a Dean or a Canon Residenţiary being desirous, by reason
of old age or other infºrmity, to retire from his Deanery or Canonry, he be
allowed, with consent of the Bishop and Patron, or, if the Bishop be Patron,
with consent of the Archbishop, to receive from his successor, as a retiring
pension, such sum, as may be approved by the Bishop and Patron, or by the
Bishop and Archbishop, as the case may be.
We also recommend,
That if possible the several Canonries of Norwich, Rochester, and Gloucester
be severed from the Headships of Catherine Hall, Cambridge; Oriel, and
Pembroke Colleges, Oaford; to which they are now respectively attached, such
annexation being incompatible with the amount of residence and duties which
we have recommended for the Members of Chapters.
ARCHDEACONs.
It will be observed that we have included the Archdeacons of the Diocese in
the Greater Chapter, and have reckoned them next in order to the Canons
Residentiary. This is suggested by the order of the more ancient Cathedrals,
in which the Archdeacons had their place next in rank to the Principal Persons,
who, according to our recommendations, will be represented by the Dean and
Canons Residentiary. We would, however, propose, that where by custom the
Archdeacons take their place next to the Dean, the same arrangement
should continue.
By the Cathedral Acts it is provided that an Archdeaconry may be endowed
either with a Canonry, or with a payment from a Canonry held by another
Archdeacon (not exceeding 2001, per annum), or with a payment of 2007, per
annum from the Common Fund of the Ecclesiastical Commission, or with a
Benefice within the Archdeaconry.
Also that in some cases a Canonry may be divided between two Archdeacons,
who shall divide the Cathedral duties of the Canonry between them.
There are now eleven instances” of the annexation of Canonries to Arch-
deaconries, in three of which the Archdeacon holding the Canonry is charged
with a payment to another Archdeacon.
We think that the above-mentioned arrangements may with advantage be
somewhat modified in accordance with the recommendations we have made with
respect to Canons Residentiary.
We beg to recommend as follows:– -
As we have recommended that Canons Residentiary hereafter appointed
should reside for nine months at the Cathedral, and as we deem it desirable
that every Archdeacon should reside within the limits of his Archdeaconry, and
if possible be charged with cure of souls; we recommend
1. That Canonries be severed from Archdeaconries, eaccept in those cases
where the Cathedral is situate within the limits of the Archdeaconry; and that
(where it is possible) the Archdeaconries so severed from Canonries be endowed
by aſſaching to them sufficiently endowed benefices.
2. That the Archdeacon of the district in which the Cathedral Church is
situated, being a Canon Residentiary (whether the Canonry be annexed to his
office or not), be allowed to reckon the time spent in Diocesan duties as part of
his residence.
* See the Table of Annexations attached to our First Report.
Archdeacons.




B 2
xii CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
Stipends.
Claims to
Benefices.
Corporations of
Minor Canons.
3. That no Archdeacon, being a Canon Residentiary, be allowed to undertake
any Cathedral office, which, in the judgment of the Bishop, is incompatible with
the discharge of his duty as Archdeacon. -
VICARs CHORAL OR MINOR CANONs.
WE have stated in our First Report that the original position of a Vicar
Choral in the Cathedrals of the old foundation was that of Assistant to a Canon,
each Canon having his Vicar.
In most of the Old Cathedrals the Vicars Choral were formed into corporate
bodies, having some separate property under their own management; but the
foundation of these corporations was in every case of later date than that of the
Chapter.
*. original constitution of the New Cathedrals founded by King Henry
VIII. the number of Minor Canons was equal to that of the Canons, and in one
case greater. In these Cathedrals they do not form a corporation, and have in
general no separate property.
We have bestowed much consideration upon this part of the Cathedral
Foundations, and have endeavoured to ascertain from the evidence afforded to
us, both in writing and vivd voce, what may be the best arrangements for the
future with regard to the position and prospects of these Members of Cathedral
Churches.
After the most careful consideration of the subject in all its bearings, we have
come to the conclusion that it is desirable that the Minor Canons” should be,
for the most part, young men, performing their Cathedral duties, and at the
same time having an opportunity of qualifying themselves for the exercise of the
Parochial Ministry by partaking in pastoral work in the neighbourhood of the
Cathedral Church.
With respect to the emoluments of Minor Canons we think that they should
increase after a certain term of service. We desire, however, to express our
opinion that, with these emoluments, they should be ready to undertake such
reasonable service, whether in the Cathedral Church or in the Precinct, as the
Chapter may require of them.
With respect to the appointment of Minor Canons, to Capitular Benefices,
we recommend that in any scheme which may be prepared for this purpose
under the provision of the Act 3 and 4 Victoria c. 113. S. 47., care be taken
to preserve that discretionary power which every patron ought to possess, of
determining whether a particular person is duly qualified for the spiritual care of
a certain parish, whatever may be the musical talents of the Minor Canons.
We would rather advise in some cases the continuance of a Minor Canon
whose voice was still strong and good in the service of the Cathedral Church,
and as assistant to some one of the Canons in Cathedral or Diocesan duties,
with a further increase of stipend; and, if possible, the provision of retiring
pensions for those who have no desire or are not particularly qualified for pastoral
duties, and have no other resource in declining years.
It appears to us necessary that the Minor Canons should be in all cases
under the authority of the Dean and Chapter, subject only to the control of
the Visitor. And we are led to the conclusion, that the incorporation of Minor
Canons and the possession of corporate property interferes materially with that
exercise of authority by the Chapter which is necessary to the good government
of a Cathedral Church. -
With these remarks, we beg to recommend the following propositions:–
1. That the number of the Minor Canons, in general, be not less than four.
2. That whenever it may be practicable, a house of residence be provided for
the Minor Canons within the Cathedral precincts; and that whenever it may
be practicable, arrangements be made to give to the Minor Canons such oppor-
tunities of pastoral work as may qualify them for succession to a benefice.
3. That the appointment of Minor Canons to Caqitular Benéfices be left to
be regulated by the Act 3 & 4 Vict. c. 113. s. 47, which provides that a scheme
for the disposal of patronage be prepared by each Chapter.
* It will be understood that when this term is used by itself, we include also Vicars Choral
being in Holy Orders.
-




THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. xiii
4. That no person hereafter appointed to be a Vicar Choral or Minor Canon
shall thereby become a member of any corporation of Vicars Choral or Minor
Canons.
5. That the shares of the corporate income which would have been payable
from time to time to newly appointed Vicars Choral or Minor Canons, if they
had become members of the corporation, and also the income of any vacant office
of Victir Choral or Minor Canon which is specially endowed, be paid over to
the Dean and Chapter, and be treated as part of the Capitular Revenue.
6. That on the decease or resignation of the last surviving member of any
such corporation, the corporation be ipso facto eatinct and dissolved, and that all
the property of such eactinct and dissolved corporation become vested in the Dean
and Chapter, as part of the Capitular property.
7. That it shall be lawful for any such corporation, on the consent of all such
members of the same as were elected previously to March 8th, 1853, to surrender
their charter or other title of incorporation, and thereupon such corporation shall
be ipso facto eatinct and dissolved, and all the property of the same shall become
vested in the Dean and Chapter as part of the Capitular property.
8. That so much of the Statute 3 & 4 Wict c. 113. s. 45., as enacts “that so
soon as conveniently may be, and by the authority therein-after provided,
vegulations shall be made for fiving the number and emoluments of such Minor
Canons in each Cathedral and Collegiate Church,” be repealed and that such
ºregulations shall be made according to the enactments and provisions of that
Statute, by the several Deans and Chapters and the Cathedral Commission,
which we have proposed, in order to avoid the inconvenience of two concurrent
jurisdictions in relation to the same subject matter.
PATRONAGE OF CAPITULAR BENEFICEs.
We recommend That (saving evisting rights) the Benefices in the patronage
of Capitular bodies without their respective Dioceses be earchanged under the
provisions of the Act 16 & 17 Vict. c. 50., for Benefices within their own
Dioceses.
Also, That in any case where a Benefice in the patronage of a Chapter is not
conferred upon a member of the Cathedral body, the right of presentation
(saving evisting rights) be vested in the Greater Chapter.
II. FUNCTIONS OF CATHEDRAL BODIES.
Having thus described the constitution which we have been led to recommend
for the Cathedral Churches, we proceed next to the functions and duties of
their members.
1. PUBLIC WORSHIP. -
In entering upon this subject, it will not be necessary to repeat the statements
of our First Report. The history of the Cathedral Churches, and the provisions
of their Charters and Statutes, fully prove that—
The primary purpose of a Cathedral Church was the maintenance of the
Worship of ALMIGHTY GOD in the most constant and solemn manner.
We may at once proceed to state the general principle which will govern al.
our recommendations on this subject; viz.: -
That the services of the Cathedral Church, both on the LORD's Day, and on
other days, should be such as may most effectually minister to the honour of
ALMIGHTY GOD, and promote the spiritual welfare of the Cathedral City and
the Diocese.
This principle comprehends the two distinct but inseparable purposes com-
bined in all Christian worship ; and the founders of Cathedral Churches
recognized both, and provided for their fulfilment.
For the first purpose, they dedicated the Churches and all their members
to the glory of ALMIGHTY GOD ; enjoined that a certain number of the Cathedral
body should always be present at the Divine offices; provided for the main-
_
See 16 & 17 Vict,
c. 35.








B 3
xiv. CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
Rep. 1. p. xx.
See Report I.,
p. XX.
Sunday.
Week days.
See Rep. 1, p. xxvii.
tenance and instruction of a numerous choir; and prescribed the daily offering of
prayer and praise, accompanied with chants and hymns.
For the second purpose, they ordained the diligent preaching of the Word
of God, especially in the Cathedral Church; the distinct reading of the
Scriptures; the perpetual administration of the Sacraments; and in many cases,
if not in all, the celebration of Public Worship in a simpler and shorter form,
besides the daily choral services.
1. It will be seen by the analysis which we have given of the returns from
the several Chapters on this subject, that the former of these two purposes is
the one which has been best fulfilled in the Cathedral Churches.
The daily choral services, morning and afternoon, have been maintained in
almost all the Cathedrals; and in later years, we have reason to believe, with
increasing solemnity, and with more uniform regard to the peculiar requirements
of the choral service.
We entirely agree with the suggestion made by several Chapters, that these
choral services, bequeathed to us by former ages, should be maintained in full
efficiency. Music and singing have always formed a part of the Public Worship
of ALMIGHTY GOD. The solemn strains of the Cathedral Choir are adapted to
the lofty and spacious fabrics in which they resound, and are qualified to excite
devotional feelings in the minds of those who by nature and taste are fitted to
enjoy them.
We believe that a love for sacred music is on the increase in our larger com-
munities. In many populous towns choral societies have been established, and
in some a considerable annual amount is freely contributed for the maintenance
of the choir of the Parish Church.
As the Cathedral Churches are the most appropriate places for the celebration
of musical service, we recommend,
That the Cathedral choirs be maintained in full strength, and iſ possible, in-
creased in power, especially on the LORD's Day.
At the same time we feel bound to express our conviction that the music of
the choral service is often too elaborate and intricate for an ordinary congre-
gation; and that this is one of the causes which have tended to diminish the
Cathedral congregations. While the anthems may properly be such as require
skill in music for their due performance, the ordinary chants and services ought,
in our judgment, to be of a simpler character, in order that the people may be
encouraged to take part in them.
In some Cathedrals there prevails what we deem a laudable custom, of
adding to the choral service the singing of one metrical Psalm, in the melody of
which the whole congregation can take part. The effect of sympathy, arising
from the union of many voices in the praise of GoD, is universally felt and
acknowledged.
2. With regared to the second purpose, viz., the promoting the spiritual welfare
of the Cathedral City and Diocese, the Cathedral Bodies appear to have fallen
short of what might reasonably have been expected from these institutions.
We trust that their efficiency in this respect will be much increased by the
continual residence of the Dean and Canons.
We are of opinion that the services of the LoRD’s Day should be more
frequent and more varied; and that the Cathedral bodies may hereafter usefully
consider whether, as is now the practice in certain Cathedrals, the services of
the LORD’s Day can be profitably divided.
We think that there should be not fewer than two sermons in every Cathedral
Church; and that one of them might, with advantage, like the sermons before
the Universities, be accompanied by short prayers and a single psalm or hymn.
We also suggest that the usefulness of Cathedral Churches might be increased
by the addition to their choral services of others without musical accompani-
ment, to which, on one or more days of the week, a sermon or exposition
might be added. -
In connexion with this subject we beg to make the following recom-
mendations, - -
That it be made clear by declaratory enactments, that the Bishop has the
right of preaching, and of performing all the ordinances and ceremonies of
the Church in the Cathedral, whenever he shall think proper.
º

THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. XV
That the Dean and Canons, when resident, shall attend once at least every
day at Divine Service in the Choir, eacept when prevented by diocesan duties,
or other reasonable causes, to be approved by the Dean and Chapter ; such
attendance to be enforced, according to ancient custom, by statutable fines.
That not fewer than two Canons, Residentiary or Non-residentiary, be present
at each horal service of the Cathedral, unless prevented by sickness, or other
grave hindrance.
That the Dean or Canons take some part in the daily celebration of Divine
Service. -
That two sermons at least be preached on every LORD's Day, in the choir
or nave of every Cathedral.
That with regard to Divine Service in the Cathedral, the Bishop have
ordinary jurisdiction over the Capitular body.
2. OTHER DUTIES.
Next in order are the various duties incident to the administration of
a Cathedral Church, and fully expressed in the ancient statutes.
They include the following particulars:–
Regulation of the Divine Services, including the selection of music and
superintendence of the practice of the choir;
Cure of souls in the precinct, and spiritual charge of the members of the
Cathedral body;
Superintendence of the Capitular Schools;
Preservation of the Fabric and Capitular Buildings; and provision of the
requisites for the services of the Church ; management of property, accounts,
and records.
These are the chief duties anciently assigned to the four Principal Persons,
Dean, Precentor, Chancellor, Treasurer; each having his Vicar to assist him.
We have already proposed, under the head of Constitution, that these duties
be distributed from time to time among the body of residentiaries, assisted
by the Minor Canons, each having his own definite share of duty.
In the next place must be mentioned the general duties incumbent on the
members of a Cathedral Church, in virtue of their connexion with the Bishop
and Diocese.
By the 35th Canon it is enjoined that “The Bishop, before he admit any
“ person to Holy Orders, shall diligently examine him, in the presence of
“ those ministers that shall assist him at the imposition of hands;” and “ that
they who shall assist the Bishop in examining and laying on of hands shall
be of his Cathedral Church, if they may conveniently be had, or other
* sufficient preachers of the same Diocese, to the number of three at the least.”
We trust that the rule of Residence which we have recommended will
facilitate the attendance of members of the Residentiary body, for this purpose,
when summoned by the Bishop.
By the 43d Canon it is ordained, that the Dean and Canons “shall like-
“ wise preach in other Churches of the same Diocese where they are resident,
“ and especially in those places whence they or their Church receive any yearly
“ rents or profits.” - -
On this subject we beg to refer to the statement in our First Report (p. xxi.),
and to express our hope that the ministrations of the Cathedral Clergy in the
Parishes of the Diocese on particular occasions, and at the request of the incum-
bents, will be more frequent, when they are longer resident in the Cathedral
City. -
Ånd we recommend, That all the time spent in this and other Diocesan duties
be reckoned as residence.
The 122d Canon provides, i. -
That no sentence of deprivation from a living, or deposition from the ministry,
“ shall be pronounced by any person whosoever, but only by the Bishop,
“ with the assistance of his Chancellor, the Dean (if they may conveniently
“ be had), and some of the Prebendaries, if the Court be kept near the
“ Cathedral Church, or of the Archdeacon, if he may be had conveniently,
“ and two other, at the least, grave ministers and preachers, to be called by
“ the Bishop, when the Court is kept in other places.”
Various statutable
duties.
Appendix to
Rep.I.p. (5.)–(10.)
General duties
imposed by the
Canons of A.D.
1603.
Preaching in other
Churches.
Discipline.



xvi CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
Special and in-
cidental duties.
See below, Reli-
gious Education,
p. xix.
Encouragement of
sacred learning.
Connexion of the
Chapter with the
City.
Rep. 1. p. xxii.
Rep. 1. p. xxi.
The Act 3 & 4 Vict. c. 86. Sec. xi.; provides, that in the hearing of any
cause under this Act, the Bishop shall have three Assessors, one of whom
shall be the Dean of his Cathedral Church, or one of his Archdeacons, or his
Chancellor.
To the above-mentioned duties incumbent on the Dean and Canons Resi-
dentiary by the Statutes of Cathedrals and the Ecclesiastical Canons must be
added the various special duties which may be annexed, either permanently
or occasionally, to particular Canonries.
In many cases a Canon, will be Archdeacon; another may be the Bishop's
Assistant in promoting Diocesan Education ; in some Cathedral Cities there
may be a College for Candidates for Holy Orders; a Training School for
Masters or Mistresses of Schools; an Hospital; and other institutions, in which
the members of Chapters will take such parts as may be hereafter ordered by
the statutes of their Cathedral.
"It may not unreasonably be expected that a Chapter, continuously resident,
will discover many means of usefulness besides those which now exist, and
extend those already in operation ; and that some of the plans which have
been suggested to us for rendering Cathedrals more available to the general
welfare of the Church, may then be carried into effect.
But on this subject we do not consider it within our province to propose
any regulations of detail, deeming it best to leave all such arrangements to
be proposed by the Bishop and Chapter of each Cathedral Church, and sanc-
tioned by the authority herein recommended.
Lastly, in considering the employments of Deans and Canons, we are of
opinion that it is one distinct purpose of Cathedral institutions to make pro-
vision for the cultivation and encouragement of theological learning.” With
this view we think it desirable That one Canonry at least in each Cathedral be
mot connected with any laborious pastoral duties.
We come now to a part of the subject on which great difference of opinion
has been expressed, viz., the connexion of the Capitular Body with the
Cathedral City.
In our First Report we have expressed our conviction, that “one of the
“chief objects in any measures of improvement should be the effective
“spiritual care of the Cathedral cities.”
To the attainment of this great object, the constitution which we have pro-
posed—of a resident Capitular Body associated with the Bishop in counsel and
co-operation, and having ties of connexion with the parochial clergy—will, we
confidently hope, contribute in no slight degree.
It remains to be considered, whether the Capitular Body may not with
advantage be still more closely associated with pastoral ministrations in the
city, by their holding benefices in or adjacent to it; where, by their proximity,
they may be capable of performing all their Capitular duties.
On this plan the Legislature has already sanctioned the permanent connexion
of parochial charges with Cathedral offices in seven instances, viz.,
The Deanery and four Canonries at Manchester; and
Two Canonries at Westminster.
In the Appendix to our First Report are contained communications from
several Chapters, suggesting annexations of the same kind in nine other cases,
VIZ.,
Deanery - - Lichfield.
Canonries - I Exeter.
3: 2 Lichfield.
, 2 Llandaff.
5.5 I Salisbury.
92 2 Wells.
We have considered further, whether, without permanent annexation, a
Dean or Canon might be allowed to hold a benefice in the Cathedral City,
with a view of making better provision for city parishes, which have generally
very slender endowments; and of employing with benefit to the Church and
* See the remarks of some of the Bishops in the Appendix to our First Report.


THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. xvii.
to themselves the time of the Dean and Canons which is not required by
capitular duties. -
So important do we deem these objects, that we recommend That any Dean
or Canon be allowed to hold a Parochial Benefice, the Church of which is not
more than two miles from the Cathedral Church, and no other ; and, secondly,
that wherever circumstances may allow, the spiritual charge of a District
adjoining the Cathedral be vested in the Chapter, according to a scheme to be
prepared by the Chapter, with the concurrence of the Bishop, and approved
by the Cathedral Commissioners.
Such an arrangement will not only afford to the Capitular Body opportunities
of pastoral work (one of the best preservatives of spiritual life, and eminently
auxiliary to the faithful and effectual preaching of the Gospel), but will also
provide facilities for the Minor Canons being trained by practice for the work
of the Parochial Ministry. -
DUTIES OF CANONs NoN-RESIDENTIARY.
º With respect to these members of Cathedral Churches, we recommend that
in the Revision of Statutes their duties be expressed as follows:–
That they shall attend the Annual Meeting of the Greater Chapter, and any
special meeting summoned by the Bishop, eacept when prevented by reasonable
CO!?!.S62.S.
That they preach from time to time in the Cathedral Church, according
to a Cycle already established, or to be hereafter settled, by the Dean and Chapter,
with consent of the Bishop (saving any evisting rights of appointment).
And That every Canon performing the above duties shall receive, wherever
provision can be made for the purpose, an annual payment from the Capitular
Funds.
DUTIES OF MINOR CANONs.
and week days as may be assigned to them by the Chapter.
2. That inasmuch as Minor Canons will in many cases succeed to Capitular
Benefices, arrangements be made, where practicable, by the Dean and Chapter
for their assisting in the discharge of pastoral duties in the city and hamlets.
3.--RELIGIOUS EDUCATION.
We are required by Your Majesty to suggest such measures as “may render
“ the cathedral and collegiate churches efficient and useful in promoting the
“ means of religious education—regard being had to the purposes for which
“ those churches were originally founded.”
One of the main purposes of cathedral institutions, as appears from their
charters and statutes, was to promote RELIGIOUS EDUCATION.
. This is specially the case with the cathedrals of the New Foundation, which
were designed to advance the cause of the Reformation in England, by the
diffusion of religious knowledge and sound learning; whence the following
cause of their institution is recited in their charters : “ut juventus in literis
/iberaliter instituatur;” and their statutes are framed by the founder with the
design “ut pietas et bonde literae perpetue in ecclesiá nostrá floreant, et suo
“ tempore in gloriam Dei et reipublicae commodum et ornamentum fruc-
“ fifteent.”
These purposes were to be effected, particularly in the new cathedrals, by
the following means :—
- 1. By a school for the choristers of the church, who were to be
trained by the Magister Choristarum in church music and in the rudi-
ments of a liberal education; and who, if they made good progress in
their studies, were to be transplanted into—
2. The Grammar School, in which a number of boys—generally about
twenty-four, in one case (Canterbury) fifty—were, it would seem, to be,
boarded at the charge of the cathedral (de bonis ecclesiae nostrae alendi),
-
See also preamble of the Act 31 Hen. VIII. c. 2., for New Cathedrals, as quoted in First
Report, p. xxxix.
C
1. That the Minor Canons take such parts of Divine Service on Sundays


ºxviii CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
and to be trained in the ancient languages, Latin, Greek, and in some
cases Hebrew.
3. The appointment and endowment of two grammar-masters, for
their education.
4. In some cases (e.g. Rochester and Westminster,) the provision of
exhibitions for the scholars, toward their maintenance at the universities.
5. The consignment of the school, in some cases to the special care
of one of the canons residentiary, who was to be its guardian, in other
cases to that of the Sub-dean.
6. The provision for their attendance at Divine Worship in the
cathedral.
These observations apply, for the most part, to the new cathedrals. In some
of the old cathedrals there appears to be no grammar school, distinct from the
choristers’ school.
On examining the present condition of the cathedral schools, it will be found
that, although laudable efforts have been made, in some instances, to reinvigo-
rate them in recent years, yet for the most part they are not in a flourishing state,
and do not occupy the place in the capitular institutions which their founders
designed for them.
This appears to be, in great measure, attributable to two causes :—
1. To the assignment of statutable money payments for the main-
tenance of the masters and scholars. Although these payments have,
in many cases, been augmented in recent times, the relative importance
of the school to the rest of the capitular foundations is not what it ori-
ginally was.
2. To the want of any adequate compensation for the “mensa
communis,” contemplated by the founder, at which the masters and
scholars should be fed. At a very early period this provision was com-
muted for a money payment.
It will be seen from the evidence” collected by our Commission, that the
endowment of the masterships of the cathedral schools are insufficient to
secure the services of competent instructors, or are, at least, not adequate to
compensate them; and that these masters are compelled to make considerable
sacrifices from their own stipends for the remuneration of assistant masters,
and to depend mainly for their subsistence on the fees they receive from town
boys and boarders—a very precarious source of income; and that, conse-
quently, the capitular schools are for the most part in an unprosperous state,
by no means in accordance with the intentions of the founders or with the
dignity of the institutions to which they belong.
1. It does not appear to fall within the province of the Commission to
recommend the construction of new grammar schools in those particular
cathedrals where they do not already exist; but to suggest such
measures as may tend to restore those which are in existence to a state of
greater efficiency, with such additions to the subjects of instruction as
may be required by the circumstances. "
2. With a view to such restoration we would recommend,-
That in all Cathedrals where a grammar School is a part of the original
foundation, and sufficient funds can be provided, an endowment of not
less than 150l. per annum be assigned to the head master, with a
commodious house, rent free, for the reception of boarders ; and where
there is a second master that an endowment of not ſess than 100l. per
annum, with a house, rent-free, for the reception of boarders, be assigned
to him. -
That the boys on the foundation in the grammar school should be entitled
to a liberal education free of earpense.
That rewards be given to the most deserving scholars ; and that, if
possible, such grammar school should have one or more eachibitions
annually to one of the universities. -
* The case of the masters of these schools has been stated in the communications addressed to
the Cathedral Commissioners by several of the masters of the cathedral grammar schools, e.g. of
Carlisle, First Report, p. 730; Chester, p. 735; Ely, p. 736; and some information on the subject
was given to us in the vivá voce evidence of the masters of the Canterbury school and of Rochester
School. -


THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. xix
That there should be connected with every Cathedral a school in which
the choristers of the church should receive a sound religious, liberal,
and useful education, in addition to their musical training ; and that
they should receive an apprentice fee on quitting the choir with the
approbation of the Chapter, eacept in the case of their receiving an
eachibition to the university.
That for admission to the choristers’ school preference be given to such
boys as are likely to be afterwards ſit to pursue their studies in the
grammar school (where such evists), to which, if duly qualified, they
should have right of admission, in case of vacancy, as foundation boys.
That the superintendence of each of the schools be committed to the
special care of the Dean or one of the Canons Residentiary as guardian
of the school, who should ea'amine boys for admission, and also earamine
the scholars, either by himself or deputy, once at least in every half year,
and make periodical reports on its state to the Chapter and Bishop of
the Diocese.
We recommend the above regulations generally ; but inasmuch as the old
cathedrals differ from one another and from the new as to their provisions for
education, and the new are not altogether similar to one another in their
arrangements, it will be necessary that the case of each school in each cathedral
should be examined separately. Accordingly, a schedule is annexed of the
various schools, with special remarks as to each.
THEOLOGICAL Colleges.
It was stated in our First Report (pp. xxiv.–xxv.) that “one of the main
“ purposes for which cathedrals were founded, was to impart Christian instruction
“ especially to those under training for holy orders in the Church.”
Referring to the evidence there given, and to the remarks there made on the
subject, we have now to declare our opinion.
That it would be advantageous to religion and learning iſ, in each of the
two provinces, a certain number of theological seminaries were formed or
restored.
In selecting places for such institutions, we suggest that regard should be
had to statutable provisions, and also to existing means and appliances in the
cathedral or collegiate body; e.g. number of canons—theological lectureships—
library, hall, and other buildings for the reception of students—sufficient popu-
lation in the cathedral city, that the students might be profitably trained and
exercised in parochial and pastoral work, under direction of the clergy of the
city, in visiting the sick, teaching in the schools, &c.”
We would suggest that where a Cathedral is so situate, that in connexion
with it a Theological College could be instituted, which should be under the
direction of the Bishops and Chapters of several associated dioceses, the benefits
of such institutions might best be secured, and the dangers apprehended from
a too great multiplication of such Colleges be avoided.
DIOCESAN INSPECTION.
We have received memorials recommending provision for Diocesan Inspection
of schools in connexion with cathedrals.
Considering the reduced number of the canons residentiary, and the important
duties which, in compliance with the injunctions of the charters and statutes
of the capitular bodies, and with the laws of the land, they are already, or
may be, required to perform, in connexion with the cathedral, the city, and the
diocese, we do not think that, consistently with other duties, they could dis-
charge efficiently the important and laborious functions of diocesan inspectors.
We recommend, however, That, where it is practicable, one of the Canons be
assistant to the Bishop in the work of diocesan education.
* We have to record a liberal offer made by the Bishop of Exeter for such an institution
in that city, for the particulars of which see the Appendix to this Report.


XX CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
III,_LAY MEMBERS AND OFFICERS.
ORGANIST.
We have received a memorial signed by a large number of Cathedral
Organists, strongly urging their claim to a larger remuneration for their
ServiceS.
We therefore recommend,
That in every Cathedral an adequate salary be provided for the organist,
with a house rent-free within the precincts, where it may be practicable.
We also suggest that the Chapter may materially assist the organist (as
we observe is already the practice in some Cathedrals) by allowances for
musical instruction given by him to deserving choristers on leaving the choir.
Such youths may often find employment as organists in Parish Churches, and
be the means of improving parochial psalmody.
-
LAY WICARs or CLERKs.
We have also received memorials from Lay Clerks of several Cathedrals
representing the disproportion between their incomes and their services.
We observe that in some cases it is the practice not to require the
constant attendance of all the Lay Clerks at the two choral services on week-
days. This necessarily weakens the choral strength, and is to be avoided
wherever it may be practicable.
We think it of great importance that every member of the Cathedral body
should receive a fair remuneration for the service performed by him, with
regard to his position in society; and we recommend this subject to the
careful consideration of the several Chapters.
We beg to recommend as follows:
1. That suitable stipends, rising with length of service, be paid to the Lay
Vicars or Clerks.
2. That (saving evisting interests) the corporations of Lay Vicars be dissolved,
in the manner proposed with respect to the corporations of Minor Canons.
3. That, if possible, a fund be established for retiring pensions.
4. That it be a condition in the appointment of Lay Clerks that they be under
the control of the Precentor, with respect to singing in other places than the
Cathedral Church.
5. That the Lay Clerks be removable at six months' notice, or, in case of
grave misconduct, immediately, with consent of the Bishop.
CHORISTERs.
We have made some recommendations, under the head of Education, for the
musical and general instruction of the choristers.
We recommend further, That the choristers be placed under the spiritual care
of one of the Canons. Also, that the rule, No. 4. (under the head of Lay
Clerks), be applicable also to the Choristers. -
BEDESMEN.
This class of Cathedral members is peculiar to the Cathedral of the New
Foundation, and the Collegiate Church of Westminster.
The persons to be elected are men afflicted with poverty, shattered or wounded
in war, or infirm with age. Their duties are to attend the daily services and to
assist in various offices connected with the fabric of the church. They are
described as de bomis ecclesiæ nostra alendi.
In many cases these appointments are in the gift of the Crown.
There are now many sufferers from the calamities of war to whom such
a provision for declining years as was intended by the founders would be
very acceptable, and it is desirable that these Royal appointments should
minister effectually to the well-being, temporal and spiritual, of those who hold
them. -
The duties required of them are such as will facilitate the carrying into effect,
our recommendation with respect to the fabric of the church being open,


THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. xxi
either for purposes of devotion or of inspection, during the greater part of
every day.
We recommend:
1. That the bedesmen discharge their statutable duties, and, where it is possible,
their stipends be increased.
2. That they be removable for grave misconduct by the Dean and Chapter,
with consent of the Crown, where the Crown has the appointment.
3. That they be placed under the spiritual charge of one of the Canons.
IV. FABRIC.
We have stated in our First Report that not more than one third of the p. xlvi.
whole number of Cathedrals have any Special Fabric Fund, and most of these
belong to the Old Foundation. In some of these cases the fund is very small.
The consequence has been that in the majority of cases the funds necessary
even for the preservation of the fabrics have been obtained from the voluntary
contributions of members of the several Chapters, and also from the public at
large,
§. have no wish to discourage any persons from assisting by their private
means so good a work as the keeping up the fabric of our Cathedrals, and
the buildings connected with them. But as regards the members of the
several Chapters, we think it by no means fair that they should be obliged,
from the want of Special Funds, to contribute out of the limited incomes which
have been or may be assigned to them by Acts of Parliament, even to so good
a work; and we therefore recommend That a fund be sent apart from the Capi-
tular Revenues of each Cathedral which shall be sufficient for the repairs of
the fabric of the Cathedral Church and the Capitular Buildings, the Chapter
having power to borrow money for great emergencies. -
We are glad to find that in some places the Cathedral is open to the
inspection of the public free of charge, and we recommend That this should
be the case as to all Cathedrals at seasonable hours. --
It has been suggested to us as very desirable that some person or persons of
high architectural knowledge should be authorized periodically to inspect the
different Cathedrals, and to give their advice in regard to any proposed alterations,
and in regard to monuments erected or to be erected, and without their appro-
bation no such alterations or erections should take place.
We think it worthy of serious consideration whether some such provision
may not be necessary with a view to the preservation of the Cathedrals according
to the original designs of those who built them.
W. CAPITULAR PROPERTY AND REVENUE,
The important subject of Capitular Property and Revenue has been urged
upon our attention in several ways:— -
By the terms of Your Majesty's Commission, which require us to consider
whether any part of the Cathedral revenues may be made available to the erection
of new Sees ;
By the remarks of some of the Chapters, deprecating the loss of revenue to the
Church by the present system of leasing on payment of fines; and suggesting
improvements in the management of Capitular Property, and increased expen:
diture in several branches of the Cathedral economy:-
By the temporary nature of the existing law for the improvement of Capitular
Estates, the Act of 1851 having been renewed in 1854 for a period of two
years :-
By the provision of the Act, 16 & 17 Victoria, c. 35. (1853), which directed
the surplus revenues of the Capitular Property of York and Carlisle (then
recently transferred to the Estates Commissioners), and of any other Chapters
which should make similar transfers of their property, to be held in reserve, in
order that our Commission might have time to make its final report.











C 3
xxii CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
See Rep. 1.
-
We shall divide our observations under the two following heads:–
1. Expenses of the Capitular Establishments.
2. Management and Improvement of Property, and augmentation of
Vicarages. -
1. ExPENSEs of CAPITULAR ESTABLISHMENTs.
-
1. It appears from the statements made to us by the Chapters, that in many
cases the incomes of the Dean and Canons are unequal and uncertain, and they
strongly recommend a change of system, which may reduce the fluctuations of
income within narrower limits.
2. Several of the Chapters have suggested restorations and improvements
in their choir, schools, and other institutions, involving an increase of expenditure.
3. There is in most cases no special provision for the maintenance of the
Fabric and Capitular Buildings.
4. The separate estates of the Canons Non-residentiary have been alienated,
without reserving any endowments for this class of Capitular members.
INCOMEs of DEANS AND CANONs.
In dealing with the whole of the important subject referred to us by Your
Majesty, we have been repeatedly embarrassed by the difficulty of finding the
revenues necessary to give efficiency to our recommendations.
This difficulty has been forced anew upon our notice by our recommendation
of the constant residence of Deans and Canons; inasmuch as the change of
system which we have recommended, with respect to residence and duties,
involves the necessity of a revision of the scale fixed by recent Acts of Parlia-
ment for Capitular incomes. The permanent residence of Canons in the
Cathedral city will not only preclude them from any material increase of income
by means of a Benefice, but also render them liable to greater charges for the
maintenance of their families, and to more frequent claims of charity and
hospitality. -
In recommending a revision of the present scale, we feel that we are acting
in accordance with the spirit of the Second Report of the First Commission of
Inquiry, in 1836, which Report was adopted by Parliament as the basis of sub-
sequent legislation. The Commissioners stated it as the first principle of their
proposed measures, to leave to the Cathedral Churches such endowments as are
“ requisite for the purposes of their institution, and for maintaining them in
“ such a state of efficiency and respectability as may enable them fully to
“ carry those purposes into effect.”
The main advantages which we anticipate to the cause of Religion and the
Church, from the Cathedral bodies, can be secured only by filling Deaneries and
Canonries with the best men. Such men cannot undertake these offices unless
the incomes attached to them bear such a relation to the expenses connected
with them, and to their own social station, as may enable them to take the lead in
works of charity in the city and diocese, and to discharge the various duties of
these posts with a dignified liberality.
We therefore recommend, That the annual income of every Deanery in
England be not less than 1,500l., and the income of every Canon Residentiary
not less than 750/. ; and that a corresponding increase be made to the Deaneries
and Canonries in Wales.
And we strongly recommend that these incomes be carefully secured from
diminution by any future change in the value of money.
In making this recommendation, we desire it to be understood that we do not -
propose that these augmentations should be made out of any other than Capitu-
lar Revenues, nor from any portion of those revenues which is included in the
security to Queen Anne's Bounty” for the loan to the Ecclesiastical Commission.
The sum at present paid by the wealthier Chapters for charged Deaneries
and Canonries, is about equal to the amount paid by the Commissioners to the
poorer Chapters. For whatever further sums may be required hereafter, we
look to the increase of revenues to be derived from improved management.
* We have annexed to this Report a Schedule of the Sources of Revenue which are included in
the security to Queen Anne's Bounty.

THIRD AND FINAL REPORT xxiii
Recent legislation has decided upon changing the tenure of Capitular pro-
perty, both by enfranchising copyholds, and by bringing gradually into hand
property which is now held upon lease.
We trust that by this means a sufficient revenue will be obtained for the
requisite increase of income to the members of Cathedrals, and that the Common
Fund of the Ecclesiastical Commission will also receive a corresponding increase.
With the view of defining more clearly than is done by the present laws
the claims of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners on the Capitular funds, we
recommend as follows:–
1. That inasmuch as by the Act 3 & 4 Vict. c. 113. S. 49. and 4 & 5
Vict. c. 39. s. 6. it is provided, that the Ecclesiastical Commissioners shal/
receive for every suspended Canonry all the dividends and emoluments thereto
belonging, “ in like manner as the holder of such Canonry, or his successor,
“ would have been entitled to receive the same ;”
In future the Ecclesiastical Commissioners be entitled to receive for each sus-
pended Canonry in any Cathedral (the revenues of which Canonry are now or
hereafter may be payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners) a payment equa/
to the average revenue of such Canonry for the last fourteen years.
2. That all the improved revenue derived or to be derived from the Capitular
property by enfranchising copyholds, sales of reversions, and purchases of lease-
hold interests, be invested for the benefit of the several Chapters, the interest to
be applied hereafter towards the augmentation of Capitular incomes and the
improvement of Cathedral institutions; provided always, that no present member
of any Chapter shall derive any increase of revenue from this fund.
3. That for every Canonry augmented, or partly augmented, according to the
proposed new scale, the payment to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for one
suspended Canonry be augmented equally at the same time; and so on, till the
payments for all the suspended Canonries are so augmented.
We are not unmindful of the fact that by several recent Acts the Legisla-
ture has assigned the surplus produce of the sales of reversions and purchases
of leasehold interests, and the enfranchisements of copyholds, to the Common
Fund of the Ecclesiastical Commission.
But it must be remembered (1) that this was done at the time when Deans
and Canons were allowed to hold benefices, and the Canons only bound to
reside three months at their Cathedrals, and when no proposals had been made
for the improvement of Capitular Institutions.
And (2), that soon after the appointment of the present Cathedral Commission
an Act was passed, which provided that the surplus revenues obtained from the
estates of York and Carlisle, and of any other Chapters which should make
similar transfers of their estates, should not be applied to the purposes of the
Common Fund, in order that the Cathedral Commission might have time to
report upon the whole subject of the Cathedral Churches.
And further, it must be borne in mind, that the recommendations we have
made will, it is hoped, bring the influence of the Capitular Bodies to bear upon
the Cathedral Cities more directly than at present; so that a great part of the
ncreased incomes of Deans and Canons will, in fact, be applied towards the
making spiritual provision for populous places.”
INCOMEs of MINOR CANONS AND OTHER MEMBERs, AND VARIOUS ExPENSEs.
1. We recommend That the stipends of Minor Canons should increase with
length of service.
Also, That when the office of Precentor is held by a Minor Canon, he receive
an addition of 50/. to his income, and be constantly resident.
2. We recommend That an estimate of the amount required annually, for the
purposes hereafter recited, and other necessary eaſpenses, be prepared by each
Chapter, and laid before the Cathedral Commissioners for their approval; and
a certain fund set apart for each purpose, viz. –
A. Incomes of Canons Won-residentiary, Schoolmasters, Minor Canons,
and other Members ;
*We reckon that in sixteen of the Cathedral and Collegiate Churches no increase of incomes
will be required by the proposed plan.
16 & 17 Vict, .o. 35.




C 4
xxiv. CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
Salisbury App.
1st Report, p. 609.
Earpenses of Choir, Schools, &c.
Retiring pensions, and apprentice fees, for Choristers;
according to the recommendations under the several heads of our Report.
B. Repairs of the fabric of the Cathedral Church, and of the Capitular
Buildings; the Chapter having the power to borrow money on the
special fabric fund for great emergencies. -
3. That an annual statement of accounts be prepared by the Chapter, and
ſaid before the greater Chapter at the annual meeting.
4. That any variations which may hereafter be required in the apportionment
of revenue to various purposes he ſaid before the Bishop and the greater Chapter,
and sanctioned by the Archbishop of the province.
2. MANAGEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT of PROPERTY, AND AUGMENTATION of
VICARAGES.
The subject of improved management of Capitular Property has been
strongly urged upon us, on the ground that it is impossible for the poorer
Chapters to improve the condition of their choir, schools, &c., or to augment
their small benefices, unless, by a change in the system of management, their
corporate revenues can be increased.
By the Act 14 & 15 Vict. c. 104. power was given to the Chapters, with the
sanction of the Estates Commissioners, to sell reversions of estates to their
lessees, or to purchase leasehold interests from them, and to exchange portions of
property, for the purpose of vesting the estates in fee simple in possession in
one party or the other. - -
This permissive Act was renewed in 1854, for a period ending with the
session of 1856.
We think it is of extreme importance that, before any new measures are taken
with regard to this subject, full and precise information should be obtained as
to the actual advantage gained, or likely to be gained, by the transactions
already completed.
We are strongly convinced that the long continued system of Church Leases
should not be changed hastily, nor without the strongest assurance of consider-
able benefit to the Church.
And it must be remembered, that any sudden opening of negotiations for a
large mass of property would inevitably have the effect of depreciating its value.
The average annual amount of revenue on which it is possible to obtain any
material increase (including the two heads of manors and fines on renewal
of leases) amounts to about 160,000l. ; no great increase can be expected from
reserved rents, nor from the rents of property already in hand.
We therefore recommend That the Permissive Acts of 1851 and 1854 (so far
as they relate to Capitular Property), be continued in force for seven years from
the end of the present Session of Parliament.
We further recommend, for the reasons stated in our First Report,
That, except in special cases, the reversions of Capitular tithe rentcharges be
not sold, but that they be brought into hand gradually by means of the sums
received for the reversion of lands, manors, and houses.
By this means the repair of Chancels will rest directly upon the Chapters;
and we recommend, as in the case of the Fabric Fund, That the Chapters
be allowed to mortgage a particular rentcharge, for the purpose of meeting an
emerge?!C!/.
We also recommend,
That on the renewal or eaſpiration of a tithe lease, provision be made (if
necessary and practicable) for permanently augmenting the Vicarage.
That the Chapters be empowered, with consent of the Estates Commissioners,
to assign portions of funded property, as well as lands, in augmentation of
Vicarages, or towards building of parsonages houses.
It was mentioned in our First Report (p. xlix.), that the Chapters of York
and Carlisle had transferred the whole of their corporate property to the Eccle-
siastical Commissioners, receiving in exchange an annual payment equal to
the amount of their average incomes and ordinary expenditure, until such time
as the Commissioners shall convey to the Chapters landed property sufficient to
produce an equivalent revenue.





THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. XXV
*
Since the date of our First Report, two other Chapters, Peterborough and
Chester, have made similar transfers of their corporate property, on the like
conditions. -
These arrangements appear to have been sanctioned by the Act of Parliament
16 & 17 Vict. c. 35., which provided that the surplus revenue obtained from
the estates should be held in suspense, in order that this Cathedral Com-
mission might have time to present its Report.
As the Act 16 & 17 Vict. c. 35., so far at least as it relates to the disposal of
the surplus, expired on January 1st, 1855, we recommend, -
Thai all the surplus revenue obtained from the estates of York, Carlisle,
Peterborough, and Chester, and any other Chapters which have made, or
may hereafter make similar transfers, be held in reserve (according to the pro-
visions of the Act of 16 & 17 Vict. c. 35.) until the estimate of expenditure for
each Cathedral has been sanctioned by the Cathedral Commissioners.
In concluding this part of our subject, we desire to state that we have not
lost sight of the direction conveyed in Your Majesty's Commission, that we
should consider whether any part of the Cathedral Revenues might be made
available to the erection of new Sees.
Taking into consideration the large amount of property and revenue trans-
ferred from the Cathedrals to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners (part of which
is at present applied in augmentation of the poorer Bishopricks), and the great
demands which will be made upon the Chapter funds for improvements in
Capitular institutions and augmentation of Vicarages, we cannot anticipate that
there will be any surplus from Capitular Revenues available for the endowment
of new Sees.
VI. ERECTION OF NEW SEES, AND OTHER ARRANGEMENTS
FOR THE DISCHARGE OF EPISCOPAL DUTIES.
NEW SEES.
WE are required by Your Majesty to suggest “such measures as may render
“ the Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, and the revenues thereof, available in
“ aid of erection of New Sees, or of other arrangements in discharge of Episcopal
“ duties.” - b. * *
For historical and statistical details concerning the Dioceses of England and
Wales, we may refer to our FIRST REPORT, pp. xxxvi-xli., also pp. xvi. ºil. Note.
Out recommendations upon this subject must be regulated by reference to the
following considerations —
i. The extent to which it may be thought requisite that the Episcopate
should be increased. -
ii. The probable amount of Revenue available for that purpose.
iii. The choice of Sites suitable for additional Sees, and of Churches
available for Cathedrals.
I. With regard to the first of these points—the degree of increase in the
Episcopate,
The present number of Episcopal Sees in England and Wales is twenty-eight.
It appears that the average population of the Dioceses in England and
Wales, in March 1851, was about 645,000, and may now be estimated at more
than 660,000.*
We are fully aware that other considerations, besides those of Population—
such, for instance, as extent of territory, facilities of communication, numbers of
benefices and of clergy, moral and intellectual condition of the people are
important elements in this question ; and, as will be seen hereafter, we have
not failed to give attention to them. 5
Before the Reformation the number of Episcopal Sees was twenty.
At the Reformation it was proposed by Archbishop Cranmer and others that
twenty additional Sees should be founded; and by an Act of the Legislature
(26 Hen. VIII. c. 14) twenty-six towns were also named for Sees of Bishops
Suffragan.
D
*See First Report.
pp. xxxix-xli.










xxvi CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
The population of England and Wales was then about two ninths of what it
S 110°W.
In order that the salutary influence now exercised by the Episcopate may be
maintained, it would not seem expedient to create a second class of Bishops
inferior in point of social position to the present.
The number of Priests and Deacons in England and Wales has been recently
much increased and is now rapidly increasing, at the rate, it is calculated, of
about 300 per annum.
But the number of Ecclesiastical Dignities has been greatly diminished, and
is in course of further diminution. Already nearly Sirty Canonries have
been suspended in the last fourteen years ; and numerous Prebends, as far as
their revenues are concerned.
This has tended greatly to diminish the number of honourable posts by
which the faithful services of the clergy have been hitherto acknowledged and
rewarded.
Some remedy for this evil would be provided by the increased number of
Chapters which will accompany the erection of New Sees.
II. As to the probable amount of Capitular Revenues available for the
purpose of additional Sees, it may be observed, that the Episcopal Fund and
the Capitular Fund, which were originally kept distinct by the Ecclesiastical
Commissioners for England and Wales, have now been merged in one Common
Fund.
But when this fusion took place, it was understood that the obligation to
provide for the endowment of additional Sees from the surplus of the Episcopal
fund, or from the improvement of its revenues, was not thereby diminished,
but would still lie on the Common Fund.
III. We propose to annex a SCHEDULE of such Dioceses as from their popula-
tion or territorial extent or number of benefices and of clergy, may seem to come
first under consideration for future subdivision.
1. We recommend That a permissive Bill should be framed and introduced
into Parliament (similar to the Act 31 Hen. VIII, c. 9..] empowering Your
Majesty and Your Majesty's successors to divide any diocese, under certain con-
diſions of territory and population; and with the consent ºf the Bishop, where
it is proposed to effect the division before the avoidance of the See.
2. That in no cºse should a new see be erected, unless a sufficient income,
with a suitable residence, be provided.
3. That the funds for these purposes might be provided partly by local con-
tributions, or out of episcopal properly now in the hands of the Ecclesiastical
Commissioners.
We have considered further, whether other funds for this purpose might not
be in part provided by the union of the offices of Bishop and Dean.
Reluctant as we are to recommend any course by which the strength of the
Cathedral bodies would be still further reduced, we are of opinion, that it may
be desirable in certain cases, on which by the division of a diocese the
diocesan labours of the Bishop may be so far lightened, that the addition of
the duties which would fall upon him when charged with the headship of the
Chapter would be less than those of which he was relieved, and in which a
provision, which could not otherwise be found, might thus be made for the
foundation of a new Bishoprick, to allow the office of Bishop and Dean to be
held by the same person until the Bishoprick could be otherwise endowed.
4. We would therefore recommend That powers be given in the enabling Act
to allow, Your Majesty, upon advice of the Cathedral Commission, to authorize
from time to time the union of the offices of Bishop and Dean.
IV. We stated in our First Report, p. xlii., that we should be prepared on the
present occasion to express our opinion more in detail as to the erection of
new Sees.
Certain places may be mentioned as offering special claims and facilities for
ſhe creation of additional Bishopricks.

THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. xxvii
Among the foremost of these we would enumerate
St. Columb (for Cornwall).
Westminster.
Gloucester and Bristol (to be again made independent Sees).
Southwell.
We also record our opinion, That there are other places in which it is desirable
that new Sees should be founded.
We shall therefore annex to our Report a schedule of Dioceses, from which
the particulars may be collected that may guide the application of the
permissive Act which we have recommended for the creation of additional
Bishopricks.”
-
OTHER ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DISCHARGE of EPISCOPAL DUTIES.
We have been led to consider What provision may be made, in cases where
- a Bishop may be disabled for the active discharge of his Episcopal Duties by
old age, bodily infirmity, or other cause 2
1. If the infirmity be only occasional or temporary, a partial remedy has
been provided by the Legislature by 6 & 7 Vict. c. 62, and 15 & 16 Vict. c. 52.,
and 16 & 17 Vict. c. 49.
2. The provisions of those Acts are inadequate, and there do not appear to
be any means available for the discharge of diocesan duties where the Bishop is
disabled by old age or protracted infirmity.
3. It has been sometimes suggested that, in such contingencies, a remedy
might be found in the provisions of the Act of 26 Hen. VIII. c. 14, for appoint-
ing “Bishops Suffragan.”
The fact, however, that this Act has become obsolete, appears to show that
it has not been found available for the purposes it was intended to serve; and
[. we do not recommend its revival.
On the other hand, it may be inferred from the use of other parts of
Christendom, that the appointment of Coadjutor Bishops, cum jure successionis,
is the most safe and efficient remedy in the cases supposed.
We would, therefore, recommend That a general Statute be framed, enabling
Your Majesty, after due inquiry by a Commission specially appointed for that
purpose, to recommend a person to be elected Coadjutor, cum jure successionis
to a Bishop, in case of such Bishop requiring such aid and reliefly reason of
advanced age or protracted infirmity, and being ready to surrender a portion
of his episcopal income in favour of such Coadjutor.
CONCLUSION.
Having specified the recommendations and suggestions which we have been
led to propose, we humbly lay this our final Report before Your Majesty,
with an earnest hope that it may assist in the great work of “rendering the
“ Cathedral Churches more available for promoting the high and holy pur-
“ poses for which they were founded, and for further extending the efficiency
“ and usefulness of the Established Church.”
We leave it to the Executive Commission, the appointment of which we have
recommended, in conjunction with the several Chapters, to carry into effect the
regulations proposed in the Report. All who are conversant with the subject
are fully aware that the circumstances of the several Cathedrals are so different
as to render it necessary, that the general principles recommended should be
# The choice of sites suitable for new Sees will best be seen on reference to the Map of
Dioceses appended to our First Report, and also to the Tables of Populations inserted in the same
Report, pp. xl—xliii.
The question of fabrics now available for additional Cathedrals has been considered in a paper
laid before our Commission, and printed in a separate form by the author, G. G. Scott, Esq.,
architect. (J. H. Parker, London.)
# An arrangement somewhat similar was proposed by Archbishop Cranmer and the framers of
Reformatio Legum, cap. 16. “De Coadjutoribus dandis.”



D 2
xxviii CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
applied to each case in such a manner as to ensure the fullest deliberation, and
allow of personal communication with the members of the Chapters.
We cannot better conclude our labours than with the comprehensive words
of the later Cathedral Charters, praying that the Capitular Foundations may
ever “maintain the worship and promote the glory of ALMIGHTY GoD ; that
“ Christ's Holy Gospel may be diligently and purely preached, and the
“ Sacraments of our saving religion rightly administered by learned and grave
“ men, who, after the example of the primitive Church, may assist the Bishop
“ as his presbytery in all weightier matters; that the youth of the realm may
“ be trained up in sound learning; the old and infirm suitably provided for;”
and that from each Cathedral Church, as the spiritual metropolis of the
diocese, “all works of piety and charity may be abundantly diffused, to the
“ glory of ALMIGHTY GOD and the common advantage and happiness of
“ Your Majesty’s subjects.”
Witness our hands and seals this Tenth day of May One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-five.
J. B. CANTUAR. (L.s.)
T. EBOR. (L.S.)
C. J. LoNDON. (L.S.)
S. Oxon. (L.S.)
H. MoWTAGU WILLIERs. (L.S.)
J. DoDSON. (L.s.)
J. PATTESON. (L.S.)
WILLIAM PAGE WooD. (L.S.)
CHR. WoRDsworth. (L.S.)
W. F. Hook. (L.s.)
WILLIAM SELwyN. (L.S.)



THIRD AND FINAL REPORT.
xxix
SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS.
I. CONSTITUTION OF CATHEDRAL CHURCHES.
Every Dean and Canon Residentiary hereafter appointed shall reside at his
Cathedral Church for nine months in every year - - - -
That hereafter, in every Cathedral Church where the offices of Precentor,
Chancellor,” Treasurer, or Subdean ea ist, the Dean, and Canons Residentiary,
with the assistance of the Minor Canons, be responsible for the fulfilment of the
duties belonging to those offices, each person having his allotted share; and that
hereafter no other persons be appointed to those offices - - -
That both the Prebendaries of the Old Foundation, and the Honorary Canons
of the new Foundation be styled Canons; that such Canons (not fewer than
twelve) be appointed by the Bishop of every Cathedral; and that these, together
with the Bishop, Dean, Canons Residentiary, and the Archdeacons of the
Diocese, form the Greater Chapter of the Diocese - - _
That all the Canons Non-residentiary in every Cathedral have the right, now
possessed by the Prebendaries of the Old Foundation, of voting at the election of
a Bishop and of a Capitular Proctor to Convocation - - -
That the Canons Non-residentiary take their places in Choir and Chapter
nºt to the Canons Residentiary and Archdeacons, according to seniority of
appointment - - - - - -
That any Non-residentiary Canon ceasing to reside in the Diocese (except
nºnder license), cease ipso facto to be a member of the Cathedral Church -
That the Bishop, wherever, it may be practicable, have a place of residence
ºn the Cathedral City, or in its immediate neighbourhood -
Thai besides the ordinary Chapters held under the presidency of the Dean
there be held once in every year, under the presidency of the Bishop, a Chapter
consisting of the Dean and Camous Residentiary; and also a greater Chapter,
consisting of the Dean, Canons Residentiary, Archdeacons, and Canons Won:
residentiary - - - - - -
That the Bishop have power to summon a Chapter of the Dean and Canons
Residentiary, when he may deem, it ea pedient, for the purpose of bringing
wnder their consideration subjects relating to the Cathedral Church or the Diºcesſ,
and to preside therein – - - - - - .
That the Bishop also have power to summon the Greater Chapter, when he
may deem, it expedient, for the purpose of consulting them - -
That in the revision of Cathedral Statutes care be taken to secure to the
Dean the chief authority and government over the Cathedral Body, any custom
or usage of particular Chapters notwithstanding - - -
That in all cases in which during the absence of the Dean, his authority
devolves upon the Vice Dean, the senior Canon in residence be invested ºff,
such authority, unless some other Canon shall have been appointed by the Dean,
or by the Dean and Chapter (as the custom may be), to the office of Vice Dean -
REVISION OF STATUTES.
1st. That a Cathedral Commission be appointed by Act of Parliament for a
period of ten years, consisting of the two Archbishops, two Bishops ºf the
province of Canterbury, and one of York, to be chosen by the Bishops of each
%rovince respectively, and four other persons, members of the Church of England,
(one of whom shall be Dean of a Cathedral Church), to be appointed by the
Crown, - - - * - - -
2d. That, with the exception of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, each of the
Capitular Bodies, into the state and condition of which we have been commanded
to inquire, be empowered and required, with the concurrence of their Bishop,
within one year from the passing of the Act for the Regulating of Cathedral and
Collegiate Churches—to prepare a draft of their Statutes, so as to render them
suitable to eaſisting circumstances - - - - -
And in case of a Capitular Body having no Statutes, that such Body be em-
powered and required to frame a Code of Statutes - - -
Such Statutes, in each case, to be made consistent with the constitution and
duties of Capitular Bodies as regulated by recent legislation, such draft to be
approved by their Visito, and then laid before the Commissioners; and if it
should appear to the Commissioner's that ſtºy alterations of such draft are
required, they shall return the same to the Chapter, with their remarks; and the
Chapter shall return the draft approved by the Bishop to the Commissioners within
three months - - - - - - - - -
Page
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viii
viii
viii
viii
viii
viii.
Viji
viii
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viii.
* It will be understood that this means the Chancellor of the Cathedral.







D 3
XXX CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
That in default of such draft proposed by the Chapter, the Commissioners be
empowered to prepare a draft of amended Statutes, and send the same to the
Chapter - - - - - - -
§ That when the statutes of any Capitular Body have been fully revised
and approved by the Commissioners, they shall lay the same before Her Majesty,
and it shall be lawful for Her Majesty in Cowmcil to issue an order or orders
ratifying the same - - - - - - - -
4th. That each of the Chapters, with the concurrence of their Bishop, shall
also within two years from the passing of such Act, prepare a draft of such
alterations as to matters of detail and regulation as may be deemed necessary,
but are not of such a nature as to require to be embodied in their Statutes, though
in no respect substantially repugnant thereto; which draft shall them be laid
before the Commissioners, and shall be dealt with in the same mammer as is pro-
vided with regard to the draft of their Statutes; and that similar alterations
may from time to time, during the continuance of the Cathedral Commission, be
proposed by each of the Chapters to the Commissioners, and dealt with in the
S(1770.6 7700177.70 €7° - - - - - - -
5th. That after the expiration of such Commission, it shall still be lawful for any
Chapter to propose any such alterations as to matters of detail and regulation
as shall not be substantially repugnant to any of the Statutes, such alterations to
be approved by the Bishop, and the Visitor of the Cathedral, and the Archbishop
of the province, and finally laid before Her Majesty in Council - -
6th. That any Act appointing a Cathedral Commission, as recommended
above, shall contain a clause repealing so much of the 47th section of the statute
3 & 4 Vict. c. 113. as directs the altered statutes and rules of Cathedral and
Collegiate Churches to be submitted to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for
England, in order to avoid the inconvenience of two concurrent jurisdictions in
relation to the same subject matter - - - - -
That one of the two Camomºries of Windsor which, on its becoming vacant,
would be suspended, be withdrawn from the operation of the suspending Act,
and, on its becoming vacant, be united with the Vicarage in the Royal Borough
of Windsor – - - - - - - - -
That this Canonry be chargeable with the payment of two fifths thereof, to the
Vicar of the Holy Trinity, Windsor; and that the present vicarage house be
transferred to the Vicarage of the Holy Trinity - - - -
That the second Canonry on its becoming vacant, he suspended, and that its
endowment be divided among the thirteen Military Knights on the Upper or
Royal Foundation T - - - - -
PATRONAGE OF CANONRIES.
That on the appointment to any Camomºry, a written statement of the qualifica-
tions or past services of the person appointed be signed by the patron, to be pre-
sented to the Chapter, and preserved among their records - - -
That eachange of Patromage of Camomºries be made (according to the Table
am/newed to this Report), on the principle that the Patromage of the Crown and of
the Lord Chancellor should be more equally diffused, and that every Bishop should
have the Patronage of some Camomºries in his own Cathedral - - -
That in case of a Deam or a Canon Residentiary being desirous, by reason of
old age or other infirmity, to retire from his Deanery or Canonry, he be allowed,
with consent of the Bishop and Patron, or, if the Bishop be Patrom, with
consent of the Archbishop, to receive from his successor, as a retiring pension,
such sum, as may be approved by the Bishop and Patron, or by the Bishop and
Archbishop, as the case may be - - - - -
That if possible the several Canonries of Norwich, Rochester, and Gloucester be
severed from the Headships of Catherime Hall, Cambridge ; Oriel and Pembroke
Colleges, Oaford; to which they are now respectively attached, such amºea’ation
being incompatible with the amount of residence and duties which we have
recommended for the Members of Chapters - - - -
ARCHIDEACONS.
I. That Camomºries be severed from Archdeaconries, eacept in those cases where
the Cathedral is situate within the limits of the Archdeaconry; and that (where
it is possible) the Archdeaconries so severed from Canonries be endowed by attach-
ing to them sufficiently endowed Benéfices - - - -
2. That the Archdeacon of the district in which the Cathedral Church is
situated, being a Canon Residentiary (whether the Canonry be ammerced to his
office or mot), be allowed to reckon the time spent in Diocesan duties as part of his
residence - - - * - - - - -
3. That mo Archdeacon, being a Camon Residentiary, be allowed to undertake
any Cathedral office, which, in the judgment of the Bishop, is incompatible with
the discharge of his duty as Archdeacon - - - -
Page
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THIRD AND FINAL REPORT.
xxxi
>
WICARS CHORAL OR MINOR CANONS.
1. That the number of the Minor Canons, in general, be not less than four –
2. That whenever it may be practicable, a house of residence be provided for the
Minor Canons within the Cathedral precincts; and that whenever it may be prac.
łicable, arrangements be made to give to the Minor Canons such opportunities of
pastoral work as may qualify them for succession to a Benfiece -
3. That the appointment of Minor Canons to Capitular Benefices be left to be
regulated by the Act 3 & 4 Vict. c. 113. 8.47, which provides that a scheme for the
disposal of patronage be prepared by each Chapter - - -
4. That no person hereafter appointed to be a Vicar Choral or Minor Canon
shall thereby become a member of any corporation of Vicar's Choral or Minor
Canons - - - - - - -
5. That the shares of the corporate income which would have been payable from
time to time to newly appointed Vicars Choral or Minor Canons, if they had
become members of the corporation, and also the income of any vacant office of
Vicar Choral or Minor Canon which is specially endowed, be paid over to the
Dean and Chapter, and be treated as part of the Capitular Revenue - -
6. That on the decease or resignation of the last surviving member of any swch
corporation, the corporation be ipso facto eactinct and dissolved, and that all the
property of such extinct and dissolved corporation become wested in the Dean and
Chapter, as part of the Capitular property - - - -
7. That it shall be lawful for any such corporation, on the consent of all such
members of the same as were elected previously to March 8, 1853, to surrender
their charter or other title of incorporation, and thereupon such corporation shall
be ipso facto extinct and dissolved, and all the property of the same shall become
wested in the Dean and Chapter as part of the Capitular property - -
8. That so much of the Statute 3 & 4 Vict. c. 113. S. 45, as enacts “that so soon
“ as conveniently may be, and by the authority therein-after provided, regulations
“shall be made for fiaſing the number and emoluments of such Minor Canons in
“ each Cathedral and Collegiate Church,” be repealed, and that such regulations
shall be made according to the enactments and provisions of that Statute, by the
several Deans and Chapters and the Cathedral Commission, which we have pro-
posed, in order to avoid the inconvenience of two concurrent jurisdictions in
relation to the same subject matter - - - - -
PATRONAGE OF CAPITULAR BENEFICES.
That (saving existing rights) the Benefices in the patronage of Capitular bodies
without their respective Dioceses be eachanged wilder the provisions of the Act
16 and 17 Vict. c. 50., for Benefices within their own Dioceses - -
That in any case where a Benéfice in the patronage of a Chapter is not con-
ferred upon a member of the Cathedral body, the right of presentation (saving
existing rights) be vested in the Greater Chapter - - -
II. FUNCTIONS OF CATHEDRAL BODIES.
I. PUBLIC WORSHIP.
That the services of the Cathedral Church, both on the Jord's Day and on
other days, should be such as may most effectually minister to the honour of
ALMIGHTY GOD, and promote the spiritual welfare of the Cathedral City and
the Diocese - - - - - - - - -
That the Cathedral choirs be maintained in full strength, and if possible in-
creased in power, especially on the LORD's Day - - - -
That it be made clear by declaratory enactments, that the Bishop has the right
of preaching, and of performing all the ordinances and ceremonies of the Church
ºn the Cathedral, whenever he shall think proper - -- - -
That the Deam, and Camoms, when resident, shall attend once at least every
day at Divine Service in the Choir, except when prevented by diocesan duties,
or other reasonable causes, to be approved by the Dean and Chapter; such
attendance to be enforced, according to ancient custom, by statutable fines -
. That not fewer than two Canons, Residentiary or Non-Residentiary, be present
at each choral service of the Cathedral, unless prevented by sickness, or other
grave himdrance - - - . T - - - -
That the Dean or Camoms take some part in the daily celebration of Divine
Service - - - -- - - - -
That two sermons at least be preached on every LORD's Day, in the choir or
mave of every Cathedral - - - - - - -- -
That with regard to Divine Service in the Cathedral, the Bishop have ordinary
jurisdiction over the Capitular body - T) 4 - * - -
- -
_
Page
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xiii
xiii
xiii
xiii
xiii
xiii
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xiv.
xiv.
XV
XY
XV



xxxii CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
2. OTHER DUTIES.
That all the time spent in preaching in Churches of the Diocese and other
Diocesam duties be reckoned as residence - - - - -
That one Canonry at least in each Cathedral be not commected with any labo-
rious pastoral duties - - - - - - - - -
That any Dean or Canon be allowed to hold a Parochial Benefice, the Church
of which is not more than two miles from the Cathedral Church, and no other;
and, secondly, that wherever circumstances may allow, the spiritual charge of a
District adjoining the Cathedral be vested in the Chapter, according to a scheme
to be prepared by the Chapter, with the concurrence of the Bishop, and approved
b ythe Cathedral Commissioners - - - - -
DUTIES OF CANONS NON-RESIDENTIARY.
That they shall attend the Annual Meeting of the Greater Chapter, and any
special meeting summoned by the Bishop, eaccept when prevented by reasonable
CCºlS6S - - - - - - -
That they preach from time to time in the Cathedral Church, according to a
Cycle already established, or to be hereafter settled by the Dean and Chapter, with
consent of the Bishop (saving any existing rights of appointment) - -
That every Canon performing the above duties shall receive, wherever provision
can be made for the purpose, an annual payment from the Capitular Funds -
DUTIES OF MINOR CANONs.
1. That the Minor Canons take such parts of Divine Service on Sundays and
week days as may be assigned to them by the Chapter - - - -
2. That masmuch as Minor Camoms will in many cases succeed to Capitular
Benefices, arrangements be made, where practicable, by the Dean and Chapter,
for their assisting in the discharge of pastoral duties in the city and hamlets -
3. RELIGIOUS EDUCATION.
That im, all Cathedrals where a grammar School is a part of the original fown-
dation, and sufficient funds can be provided, an endowment of not less than
150l. per ammum be assigned to the head master, with a commodious house, rent-
free, for the reception of boarders; and where there is a second master that an
endowment of not less than 100l. per annum, with a house, rent free, for the
reception of boarders, be assigned to him. - * - - --
That the boys on the foundation in the grammar school should be entitled to
a liberal education free of ea'pense - - - - - -
That rewards be given to the most deserving scholars; and that, if possible,
such grammar School should have one or more eachibitions annually to one of
the wrviversities - - - - - - - - - -
That there should be commected with every Cathedral a school in which the
choristers of the church should receive a sound religious, liberal, and useful
education, in addition to their musical training ; and that they should receive
an apprentice fee on quitting the choir with the approbation of the Chapter,
cºcept in the case of their receiving an exhibition to the university -
That for admission to the choristers' School preference be given to such boys
as are likely to be afterwards fit to pursue their studies in the grammar school
(where such exists), to which, if duly qualified, they should have right of admis-
§om, in case of vacancy, as foundation boys - - - - -
That the superintendence of each of the schools be committed to the special care
of the Dean or one of the Canons Residentiary as guardian of the school, who
should ea'amime boys for admission, and also ea amine the Scholars, either by
himself or deputy, once at least in every half year and make periodical reports
on its state to the Chapter and Bishop of the Diocese - -
THEOLOGICAL COLLEGES.
That it would be advantageous to religion and learning if, in each of the two
provinces, a certain, mumber of theological Seminaries were formed or restored -
DIOCESAN INSPECTION.
That, where it is practicable, one of the Canons be assistant to the Bishop in
the work of Diocesan education - - - -
Page
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xvi.
xvii
xvii
xvii
xvii
xvii
xvii
xviii.
xviii
xviii
xix.
Xix
xix.





THIRD AND FINAL REPORT.
III. LAY MEMBERS AND OFFICERS.
ORGANIST.
That in every Cathedral an adequate salary be provided for the organist, with
a house rent free within the precincts, where it may be practicable - -
LAºy VICARS OR CLERKs.
I. That suitable stipends, rising with length of service, be paid to the Lay
Włcars or Clerks – - - - - - - -
2. That (saving existing interests) the Corporations of Lay Vicars be dissolved,
in the manner proposed with respect to the Corporations of Minor Canons -
3. That, if possible, a fund be established for retiring pensions - -
4. That it be a condition in the appointment of Lay Clerks that they be wºnder
the control of the Precentor, with respect to singing in other places than the Cathe-
dral Church, - - - - - - - - -
5. That the Lay Clerks be removable at Sia, months’ motice, or, in case of grave
'misconduct, immediately, with consent of the Bishop - - -
CHORISTERS.
That the Choristers be placed under the spiritual care of one of the Canons.
Also, that the Rule, No. 4 (wnder the head of Lay Clerks), be applicable also to
the Choristers - - - - - - -
BEDESMEN.
1. That the bedesmen discharge their statutable duties, and, where it is possible,
their stipends be increased - - - - . - -
2. That they be removable for grave misconduct by the Dean and Chapter, with
consent of the Crown, where the Crown has the appointment - - -
3. That they be placed wºnder the spiritual charge of one of the Canons -
IV. FABRIC.
That a fund be set apart from the Capitular revenues of each Cathedral, which
shall be sufficient for the repairs of the fabric of the Cathedral Church and the
Capitular Buildings, the Chapter having power to borrow money for great
emergencies - - - - - - -
That all Cathedrals showld be open to the public, free of charge, for inspection, &c.
at seasonable how’s - - - - - - * - - -
W. CAPITULAR PROPERTY AND REVENTUE.
I. EXPENSES OF CAPITULAR ESTABLISHMENTS.
INCOMES OF DEANS AND CANONS.
That the amavual income of every Deamery in England be not less than 1,500l.,
and the income of every Canon Residentiary not less than 750l., and that a cor-
responding increase be made to the Deaneries and Canonries in Wales -
I. That masmuch as by the Act 3 & 4 Vict. c. 113. S. 49, and 4 & 5 Vict. c. 39.
s, 6., it is provided, that the Ecclesiastical Commissioners shall receive for every
suspended Canonry all the dividends and emoluments thereto belonging, “ in
“ like manner as the holder of such Camomºry, or his successor, would have
“ been entitled to receive the same.” – - - - - -
In future the Ecclesiastical Commissioners be entitled to receive for each Sus-
pended Canonry in any Cathedral (the revenues of which Canonry are now or
hereafter may be payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners) a payment equal to
the average revenue of such Canonry for the last fourteen years - - -
2. That all the improved revenue derived or to be derived from the Capitular
property by enfranchising copyholds, sales of reversions, and purchases of lease-
hold interests, be invested for the benefit of the several Chapters, the interest to be
applied hereafter towards the augmentation of Capitular incomes and the im-
provement of Cathedral institutions; provided always, that no present member
of any Chapter shall derive any increase of revenue from this fund - --
3. That for every Camomºry augmented, or partly augmented, according to the
proposed new scale, the payment to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for one sus-
ſpended Canonry be augmented equally at the same time; and so on, till the pay-
ments for all the suspended Camoºries are so augmented - - -
XX
xxi.
xxi
xxi
xxi
xxi.
xxi.
xxiii
xxiii
xxiii
xxiii




xxxiv. CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
INCOMES OF MINOR, CANONS AND OTHER MEMBERS, AND WARIOUS EXPENSES.
Page
1. That the stipends of Minor Camoms should increase with length of service - xxiii
That when the office of Precentor is held by a Minor Canon, he receive an addi-
tion of 50l. to his income, and be constantly resident - - - xxiii
2. That am estimate of the amount required ammually, for the purposes here-
after recited, and other necessary eagenses, be prepared by each Chapter, and laid
before the Cathedral Commissioners for their approval; and a certain fund set
apart for each purpose, viz.:- - - - - – Xxiii
A. Incomes of Camoms Non-residentiary, Schoolmasters, Minor Camoms, and
other Members;
Ea'penses of Choir, Schools, &c.
Retiring Pensions and Apprentice Fees for Choristers;
according to the recommendations under the several heads of our Report.
B. Repairs of the fabric of the Cathedral Church, and of the Capitular build-
ings; the Chapter having the power to borrow money on the special
fabric fund for great emergencies.
3. That am ammual statement of accounts be prepared by the Chapter, and laid
before the Greater Chapter at the annual meeting - - - Xxiv.
4. That any variations which may hereafter be required in the apportionment
of revenue to various purposes be laid before the Bishop and the Greater Chapter,
and samctioned by the Archbishop of the province - - - - Xxiv.
II. MANAGEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF PROPERTY, AND AUGMENTATION OF VICARAGES.
That the Permissive Acts of 1851 and 1854 (so far as they relate to Capitular
Property), be continued in force for seven years from the end of the present
Session of Parliament - - - - - - Xxiv
That, eaccept in special cases, the reversions of Capitular tithe remtcharges be not
sold, but that they be brought into hamd gradually by means of the sums received
for the reversion of lands, manors, and houses - - - - Xxiv.
That the Chapters be allowed to mortgage a particular rentcharge, for the pur-
pose of meeting an emergency - - - - - Xxiv.
That on the renewal or eaſpiration of a tithe lease, provision be made (if neces-
sary and practicable) for permanently augmenting the Vicarage - – Xxiv.
That the Chapters be empowered, with consent of the Estates Commissioners,
to assign portions of funded property, as well as lands, in augmentation of
Vicarages, or towards building of parsonage houses - - – Xxiv.
That all the surplus revenue obtained from the estates of York, Carlisle, Peter-
borough, and Chester, and any other Chapters which have made, or may hereafter
make similar transfers, be held in reserve (according to the provisions of the Act
of 16 & 17 Vict. c. 35.) until the estimate of eaſpenditure for each Cathedral has
been sanctioned by the Cathedral Commissioners - - - - - XXV
VI. ERECTION OF NEW SEES, AND OTHER ARRANGEMENTS FOR
THE DISCHARGE OF EPISCOPAL DUTIES.
NEW SEES.
1. That a permissive Bill should be framed and introduced into Parliament
(similar to the Act 31 Hen. VIII. c. 9.) empowering Your Majesty and Your
Majesty's successors to divide any diocese, under certain conditions of territory
and population ; and with the consent of the Bishop, where it is proposed to
effect the division before the avoidance of the See - - - – Xxvi.
2. That in no case should a new See be erected, umless a sufficient income, with
a suitable residence, be provided - - - - -
3. That the funds for these purposes might be provided partly by local con-
tributions, or out of episcopal property now in the hands of the Ecclesiastical
Commissioners – - - - - - - Xxvi.
4. That powers be given in the enabling Act to allow Your Majesty, apon
advice of the Cathedral Commission, to authorize from time to time the wivion of
xxvi.
the offices of Bishop and Dean - - --. - - – Xxvi
Certain places may be mentioned as offering special claims and facilities for
the creation of additional Bishopricks - - - - - Xxvi.
Among the foremost of these we would emumerate
St. Columb (for Cornwall) - - - - -
Westmºnster — - - - - -
Gloucester and Bristol (to be again made independent Sees) - -
Southwell - - - - - -
That there are other places in which it is desirable that new Sees should be
founded - - - - - - - - Xxvii.
xxvii.

THIRD AND FINAL REPORT.
*.
OTHER ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DISCHARGE OF EPISCOPAL DUTIES.
That a general Statute should be framed, enabling Your iſajesty, after due
Page
inquiry by a Commission specially appointed for that purpose, to recommend a
person to be elected Coadjutor, cum jure successionis, to a Bishop, in case of such
Bishop requiring such aid and relief, by reason of advanced age or protracted
ânfirmity, and being ready to surrender a portion of his Episcopal income in
favour of such Coadjutor
PATRONAGE OF CANONBIES.
It is recommended in the Report (p. xi.) that exchanges of Patronage of Canonries be
made according to the following Table; on the principle that the patronage of the
Crown and the Lord Chancellor should be more equally diffused, and that every Bishop
should have the Patronage of some Canonries in his own Cathedral.
- xxvii
The TABLE below exhibits the Patronage as at present (see Rep. 1. p. 41.) and the
proposed Arrangement for the future.
Names of
Cathedrals.
Number of
Canonries
by Act
of 1840.
Canterbury
York -
St. Paul’s –
Durham -
Winchester
Bangor -
Wells -
Carlisle
Chester -
Chichester -
Ely -
Exeter -
Gloucester
Bristol -
Hereford -
Lichfield -
Lincoln -
Llandaff -
Manchester
Norwich –
Oxford -
Peterborough
Ripon -
Rochester -
Salisbury -
St. Asaph -
St. David’s
Worcester -
Westminster
Windsor -
{
i4
134
Patronage as at
Present.
Proposed Arrangement.
Crown.
Bishop.
Lord
Chancellor.
University
or College.
Crown -
Archbishop -
Archbishop -
Crown - -
Bishop -
Bishop - -
Bishop -
Bishop - -
Bishop -
Bishop - -
Bishop -
Bishop – -
Bishop -
University -
Bishop -
Lord Chancellor
Pembroke College
Lord Chancellor
Bishop -
Bishop – -
Bishop -
Bishop - -
Bishop -
Lord Chancellor
Catherine Hall
Crown -
Bishop – -
Bishop -
Bishop – -
Lord Chancellor
Bishop -
Oriel College -
Bishop -
Bishop - -
Bishop -
Crown – -
Crown -
Crown - -
3
I
2
:
i
2
:
2
-i
-
HT:
º
I
33
S
4
I
2
The alterations in
OBSERVATIONS ON THE ABOVE TABLE.
point of number will be seen by the following comparison:—
- Present Proposed
- Patronage. Arrangement.
Crown - - - - - 27 33
Tord Chancellor - -- - - 12 12
Bishops - - - - 90 84
Universities and Colleges - - - 5 5
134 134






xxxvi - CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
The exchange proposed between the Crown and the Bishop is as follows —
Given to the Crown. Given to Bishops.
I Canonry at Durham. 1 Canonry at Westminster.
1 » Winchester. l 25 Westminster.
I 32 Ely. I 35 Worcester.
I 32 York. T 25 Worcester.
I 25 Peterborough. 1 32 St. Paul's.
I 55 Wells. 1 25 Christ Church.
I 25 Exeter.
I 22 Salisbury.
I 35 Bangor.
I 25 Llandaff
I 55 St. Asaph.
I 55 St. David's.
12 6
The changes proposed with respect to the Lord Chancellor are as follows:–
Given to Lord Chancellor. Given to Bishops.
I Canonry at Carlisle. 2 Canonries at Gloucester.
1 25 Chester. 3 22 Bristol.
I 25 Chichester. 2 59 Norwich.
I 25 Hereford. 1 22 Rochester.
- 1 22 Lichfield.
l 25 Lincoln.
I 22 Manchester.
I 22 Ripon.
8 8
REVENUE.
Statement respecting the Property and Revenue of Cathedrals included in the Security
to Queen Anne's Bownty. Referred to in p. xxii.
The property included in the security to the Governors of Queen Anne's Bounty by
6 & 7 Vict. c. 37. ss. 1–8 is as follows:
1st. Sect. iv. All monies accruing from Suspension of Canonries under 3 & 4 Wict.
c. 113. and 4 & 5 Wict. c. 39.
2d. All the lands, tithes, &c. vested in the Ecclesiastical Commissioners under
3 & 4 Wict. c. 113.
4 & 5 Vict. c. 39.
6 & 7 Vict. c. 37.
The security therefore does not comprise the monies accruing from the following sources:
1st. Charged Deaneries and Canonries,
3 & 4 Wict. c. 113. S. 66.
4 & 5 Vict. c. 39. S. 20.
5 & 6 Wict. c. 108. ss. 11, 14.
2d. Enfranchisement of Capitular Estates,
1851. 14 & 15 Wict. c. 104.
1854. I'7 & 18 Vict, c. 116.
3d. Capitular Copyhold Enfranchisement,
16 & 17 Vict. c. 57. (which is retrospective, comprising all monies
arising from enfranchisement under Acts commencing with 4&5 Vict.
c. 35.)
4th. Portions of revenue from granting of any lease by Chapters for mining and
building purposes.
5 & 6 Wict. c. 108.
SCHEDULE OF CATHEDRAL SCHOOLS.
Cathedral Schools. We follow the order of our First REpoRT.
-
CANTERBURY (First Report, Appendix, p. 4.)
Has a Grammar School and Choºsters School.
Gºrdºn/mar School : —
Head master's stipend 971. 10s., now raised to 200l., and house for boarders.
Under master's stipend, 60l., now 100l., and house.
Foundation boys, fifty, receive Il. 16s. 8d. per annum, statutable stipend.
We would recommend that the allowance of the fifty foundation boys should also be
increased, in order to make some provision for them, according to the founder's intention.



THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. xxxvii
Choristers School — Cathedral Schools.
Master (for singing), 30l. per annum.
Another master (for singing), 201. per annum.
The founder's intention appears to have been that the choristers (now ten) should be so
chosen and educated that they may be transplanted to the grammar school,
ST. PAUL's (p. 35).
Grammar School :—
For the twelve choristers only, who are not boarded, the master has 75l. per annum,
and a house.
Dean Colet's noble foundation of St. Paul's school makes any other grammar school
in connexion with the chapter, unnecessary.
DURHAM (pp. 51–53).
Grammar School :—
Head master 200l. per annum, with good house, rent free, for boarders.
Second ditto, 801, with good house, not rent free.
Foundation boys, eighteen chosen “after a strict examination,” receive 30l. a year
each, and are exempt from school fees (91.98), “so that they have each a scholarship
worth 391. 9s. a year.”
The dean and chapter make a reasonable suggestion (p. 73), viz., that the sums above
mentioned should be guaranteed to the masters and scholars as a perpetual charge on the
chapter funds.
They also propose that a certain number of exhibitions, at 40l. per annum each, should
be founded from the chapter funds, to assist deserving scholars, chosen from the school, at
the universities.
They also declare their opinion (p. 73) that the university of Durham has “still further
claims” on the capitular fund.
We are of opinion that these suggestions are entitled to favourable consideration.
Choristers:–(p. 53).
The arrangements here appear to be highly satisfactory.
We ought not to pass by the case of DURHAM without adverting to the gratifying
results which have arisen from the liberal encouragement given to the cathedral school,
on the part of the chapter, and which are seen in the prosperous state of the school.
WINCHESTER (p. 78).
Grammar School :—No provision made for one in the original foundation.
Chorister's School :-
Master's stipend, not mentioned.
Choristers, eight, receive 4!. per annum, and 30l. as apprentice fee on leaving the
school.
BANGOR (p. 89).
Grammar School —No provision for one.
Choristers School : —None.
WELLS (p. 98).
Grammar School —None distinct from Choristers School, the master of which
receives 25l. per annum, has no house for boarders, and teaches the eight choristers as
foundation boys; but the “chief source of his income * is from educating other boys
with them. -
CARLISLE (p. 114).
Grammar School :- -
Head master receives 291 per annum from capitular fund, and employs “two under
masters on his own responsibility;” he has no house provided by the chapter, and no
boarders.
Particular attention is due to the important statements and remarks of the head master
of this school-p. 734.
A grammar school was an essential and primary part of the original foundation ; (See
p. 734, note) and the master was bound to receive and teach “pueros quoscºnque
grammaticam discendi gratid ad scholam confluentes pietate et bonis literis; " and it is
very desirable that an efficient school should exist in so important a city as Carlisle,
particularly with a view to the education of the children of the poorer clergy in that
diocese, and to preparation for St. Bees.
Choºster's School –
The choristers, eight, are taught gratuitously in the school.
They receive an annual payment, varying from five guineas to seven guineas.-p. 115.
We recommend, according to the master's suggestion,
That, after they leave the choir, at about 14 years of age, they be admissible as
foundationers in the grammar school.--(p. 737.)



E 3
xxxviii CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
Cathedral Schools.
-
The comparative success which, under very difficult circumstances, this cathedral school
has attained, under the late master, appears to show that a cathedral school in such a city
as Carlisle would prosper, and confer great benefit on the city and neighbourhood, if it
were adequately endowed.
CHESTER (pp. 134, 739).
Grammar School :——
Head master has 150l. per annum (see p. 739), but no house, and pays the under
master, who is a statutable officer, and receives only 8l. per annum from the cathedral
funds.
There are twenty-four foundation boys, who receive 31.6s. 8d. per annum each.
Choristers School:—(p. 134.)
The master has 50l. a year, and a house.
There does not appear to be any connexion here between the Grammar School and the
Choristers School.
CHICHESTER (p. 145).
Gram/mar School:—
Master is prebendary of Highleigh, and has a house for boarders.
Choristers School (pp. 145, 739):-
Master has a house and 60l. a year.
ELY. (p. 160).
The head master has 120l. per annum and house.
Second master, 100l. per annum (p. 164), lately appointed, and other improvements
appear to be in contemplation (ib.) -
Third master has 40l. per annum.
There are twenty-four foundation boys who receive 31.6s. 8d. per annum.
Choristers School :—
More than half the choristers are at present grammar boys—(pp. 161, 165.)
EXETER (p. 187).
Grammar School:—None.
Choristers :—
Ten receive 131. 10s. per annum each. The chapter provide them with clothes, and
instruction.—(p. 187.)
GLOUCESTER (pp. 205. 743).
* Gram/mar School :—
Head master has 20!. a year and a house.
The under master has 101. a year.
The Choristers are instructed gratuitously in the school, which has seventy-three other
scholars, boarders and day boys.
We recommend that the stipends of the masters be increased.
BRISTOL (pp. 218. 743).
Grammar School :— -
Head Master, 60l. per annum and a house.
Under master, 21. 198. 2d. (he receives 60l. from the head master, p. 743). The Cho-
risters are the only foundation boys; there are thirty-four boys in all in the School.
–(p. 743.)
We think it deserves consideration whether the Cathedral grammar School in this
great commercial city may not be restored.”
The master observes that “a valuable School might be established if the original
endowment could be restored.”—(p. 744.)
HEREFORD (pp. 229. 744).
Grammar School:—
Head master 201 per annum and house.
Under master 10l.
The choristers are educated gratuitously in the grammar school.
The master states that he pays 420, per annum to two classical assistant masters, one
English master, and a master for the choristers—(p. 744)
* The statutes of Bristol coincide with those of Gloucester and Rochester (p. 215), with the
exception of a few verbal discrepancies, and these resemble those of Ely (p. iii. p. 59).

THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. - xxxix
LICHFIELD (pp. 242. 745).
Grammar School : None.
Choristers:—
Taught gratuitously.
LINCOLN (pp. 256, 257. 745, 746).
Grammar School :—
None now exclusively belonging to the cathedral.
The capitular school appears to have coalesced with that of the corporation, in 1583,
but the present arrangement is described by the master “as unsatisfactory to all parties.”
—(p. 746.)
The head master of the joint school receives 60l. per annum from the chapter (p. 257),
and 11. capitation fee for the scholars up to sixty, and a fixed payment of 89/., and a
variable payment also from the corporation, which may amount to 50l. But he pays
1801. per annum to assistant masters—(p. 746.)
The Choristers are taught gratuitously, and the four seniors are boarded and lodged
with the music master.—(p. 258.)
LLANDAFF (p. 271).
Grammar School :—None.
Choristers School :—None.
MANCHESTER (p. 282).
Grammar School : —None in connexion with the Cathedral.
Choristers School :—None.
NoRWICH (pp. 291, 292, 746).
Grammar School :-None in connexion with the Cathedral.
Choristers:—
Educated gratuitously.
OXFORD (p. 747).
Grammar School :—
For choristers “who are mostly sons of professional gentlemen, and receive a high
classical education” (p. 747), and who are educated and fed gratuitously.
PETERBOROUGH (pp. 303, 304).
Grammar School :-
Head master has 71. 13s. 4d. per annum, and il. 108. capitation fee for each boy, from
the chapter, and a house.
Under master 18l. 6s. 8d.
Foundation boys sixteen, and four probationers; the former receiving 21. 13s. 4d., the
latter 17, 10s.
We have reason to believe that considerable improvements have been introduced by
the present dean, and that others are in contemplation.
Choristers :—
Six receiving 7l, a year each, and four receiving 4l, a year.
We are not yet informed whether they are educated in the grammar School or
otherwise.
RIPON (p. 330).
Grammar School :-None.
There seems to have been originally “a schoolmaster of grammar.”—(pp. 315, 316.)
Chopisters School :—None.
ROCHESTER (p. 347).
Gramma^' School :—
Head master, 150l. per annum, and a house.
- Under master, 100l. per annum, but no house.
Foundation boys, twenty; taught gratuitously, not boarded; but they receive
16l. 13s. 4d. per annum each.
There are four exhibitions of 30l. 10s, each—(p. 349.)
Choºsters :—
Eight, taught gratuitously.—(pp. 347, 348.)
SALISBURY (p. 388).
Gramºndº School –
None; except for choristers, who are boarded and lodged and taught according to
statute.—(pp. 388, 389.)
A canon residentiary is their “custos.”—(p. 389)
Cathedral Schools.






xl CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
Cathedral schools. ST. ASAPH's (p. 427).
Grammar School :—None.
The Choristers are educated gratuitously.
ST. DAVID's (p. 438).
Gramma^' School —For choristers.
The master has 20l. 10s., but no house.
WoRCESTER (p. 447).
Grammar School :—
Head master, 1131. 12s. 2d. per annum, and a house.
Under master, 55l. 13s. 8d.
Foundation boys, 40, who receive 21, 13s. 4d. per annum each.
The master bears testimony to the desire of the chapter to promote the welfare of
the school connected with the cathedral,—(p. 752.) -
WESTMINSTER (pp. 458, 753).
Grammar School :—
Head master, 39'. 6s. 8d. per annum, and a house.
Second master, 15l. per annum, and a house.
Foundation boys, or Queen's scholars, forty, who are boarded and lodged at a charge
of about 1,3971. per ammum on the chapter funds, as fixed before the enactment of
3 & 4 Wict. c. 113.
The master states that the real salaries of the masters are made up by charges upon
the scholars. The forty Queen's scholars pay 17 guineas per annum, out of which are
defrayed all charges for teaching mathematics, French, &c.—(p. 753.)
The founder intended that the grammar school should be a place of education specially
for the choristers and the sons of the tenantry of the church (cap. 5, p. 87), and that no
boy should be admitted into the college on the foundation who had in possession or
expectancy an inheritance of more than ten pounds per annum.–(p. 88.)
For many years these regulations have become obsolete, indeed it may be doubted
whether they were ever carried into effect; and a different class from that contemplated
by the founder is now in possession of the emoluments of the foundation. Sometimes the
children of the nobility and opulent gentry have been admitted into the college, and have
been elected off on studentships to Oxford and on scholarships to Cambridge. This, how-
ever, appears to have been done with the cognizance and approval of the Visitor.
A statement from the Chapter on this subject may be seen in our Appendix.
It appears that by the Statutes the number of boys to be admitted as boarders into
the school, in addition to the foundation boys or Queen's scholars, was limited to thirty-
sia”, “ me mumero obessent.”
These boys were required to pay for their board as pensionarii, and to have a tutor
(cap. 6. p. 89).
And lest the two statutable masters should be overburdened with scholars, to the detri-
ment of the forty Queen's scholars (ne mimio Scholarium numero praeceptores omerentwºr),
it was provided that the total number of scholars, including town boys (oppidamos, pere-
grimos), but exclusively of choristers, should not exceed one hundred and twenty.
It seems, therefore, that the founder intended that the masters should have some other
source of income, within certain limits, besides the statutable stipend. If extra masters
are requisite on account of the increase of scholars whose parents pay for their schooling,
the capitular funds ought not to be applied to the remuneration of those extra masters,
but ought to be appropriated to the provision of a gratuitous liberal education for the
tatutable Queen’s scholars.
Chopisters School :—
Master, 100l. per annum, and officiates also as sacrist (p. 458).
The Dean and Chapter of Westminster suggest that “one of the minor canons should
have the superintendence of the religious education of the choristers, and another be
connected with the grammar School as mathematical master.”
WINDSOR (p. 469).
Grammar School :—
For the choristers only.
Head master, 70l. per annum.
- SouTHWELL (p. 487).
Gramma^' School :— -
Head master, 14l. from Ecclesiastical Commission; by whom the schoolhouse is let to
the master (p. 487).
Choºsters:–
Attend a school in the town, and are paid for by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners.





THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. xli
On the subject of the musical services see “Reformatio Legum, De divinis officiis.”
Cap. 5. - -
In divinis capitibus recitandis et psalmis concinendis ministri et clerici diligenter hoc
cogitare debent non solum a se Deum laudari oportere, Sed alios eteam hortatueti exemplo
ad eundem cultum adducendos esse. Quapropter partite voces et distincte pronuntient,
et cantus sit illorum clarus et aptus, ut ad auditorum omnia sensum et intelligentiam
proveniant. Itaque vibratam illam et operosam musicam, quae figurata dicitur, auferri
placet, quae sic in multitudinis auribus tumultuatur, ut Sape linguam non possit, ipsam
ioquentium intelligere. Tum auditores etiam ipsi sint in opere simul cum clericis et
ministris certas divinorum officiorum particulas canentes . . . . his enim piis divini
cultus exercitationibus et invitamentis populus se ipse eriget, ac sensum quendam habebit
orandi; quorum si nullae nisi auscultandi partes sint, ita friget et jacet mens, ut nullam
de rebus divinis vehementem et Seriam cogitation&m suscipere possit.
See also “Queen Elizabeth's Injunctions,” A.D. 1559, (Cardwell's Annals, i. p. 196),
“The Queen's Majesty neither meaning in anywise the decay of anything that might
conveniently tend to the use of the said science (of singing or music in the Church),
neither to have the same in any part so abused that thereby the common prayer should
be worse understanded of the hearers, willeth that no alterations be made of assignments
of living for the maintenance of men and children to the use of singing or music in the
Church; and that there be a modest and distinct song so used in all parts of the common
prayers in the Church that the same may be as plainly understanded as if it were read
without singing.”
-
SCHEDULE OF ADDITIONAL SEES.”
N.B. The Population of the Dioceses stated in this Schedule is derived from the census
taken four years ago, and in many cases is considerably below the present population.
I. DURHAM. Pop. 701,381, with near two millions of acres. Benefices, 242.
It has been proposed that it should be divided into two Dioceses; one, containing the
county of Durham, with a population of more than 390,000; the other, to consist of the
county of Northumberland, with a population of 391,000, and a new See at Newcastlef
or Hexham.
* See the DIOCESAN MAP appended to the FIRST REPORT.
† Local efforts, of considerable importance, have already been made at NEwcASTLE for the
erection of a new See there, for the county of Northumberland as a Diocese. We have received
a Memorial on this subject, from which we make the following extracts :-
“The Diocese of Durham contains at the present time an estimated population of nearly
770,000, and it extends from north to south a distance of more than one hundred miles, with an
area equal to one eighteenth part of the whole of England.
“The progressive increase in the population has of late years been unusually great and rapid ;
the increase in the counties of Durham and Northumberland alone, since the year 1831, amounting
to nearly 300,000 inhabitants.
“Owing to the opening out of fresh mines and the activity of commercial enterprise, new and
large masses of the working classes are constantly springing up, both in the mining and manu-
facturing districts, and at all the seaports within the said Diocese. Newcastle-upon-Tyne has
more than trebled its inhabitants in forty years, but has only one district church more at present
than it had 300 years ago; and at least 6,000 children of the labouring classes are without school
accommodation in the borough. The results are what might naturally be expected, a fearful
increase of crime, juvenile profligacy of a most degraded character, with defective information on
religious subjects, and much indifference to the claims and duties of Christianity. -
“From the above premises it is respectfully submitted, that the Diocese of Durham, as at
present constituted, with its overgrown and increasing population full of energy and enterprise, is
too cumbersome for the physical powers of one bishop where an active personal superintendence
is so much required; it seems not unreasonable to hope that provision be made at the next
avoidance of the See of Durham for the erection of Northumberland into a separate Bishoprick,
which shall include the county of Northumberland, with the boroughs of the counties of Newcastle-
on-Tyne and Berwick-on-Tweed, with such parts of the county of Durham as are situated in
the county of Northumberland.
“The extraordinary increase of our population is in a great measure attributable to the
development of the mineral resources of the Bishop and Chapter of Durham.
“In stating the claims of Northumberland to a separate Diocese it should not be overlooked
that the ancient Sees of Hexham and Lindisfarne were merged into the See of Durham ; and so
long ago as the reign of Edward VI, the separation of this county, &c. from that See was decided
upon, with the erection of a Bishoprick at Newcastle-on-Tyne, on the very grounds which have
tenfold force at the present day, viz., the increasing importance of the commerce and population of
the port of Newcastle. Assuming, therefore, that the Cathedral Church would be at Newcastle,
in the very thick of the population, the Parish Church of Saint Nicholas will be found, by its
capacious cruciform shape, with its nave, choir, transept, and their aisles, sufficiently imposing for
a Cathedral Church. The plot of ground upon which the Vicarage stands is large enough to
contain residences for the Dean and two Prebendaries ; and within five minutes walk of the
F
Note on Musical
Services, p. xii.
Additional Saes.













-- º
Additional Sees.
-
xlii CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
2. CARLISLE. Pop. on next avoidance 372,306. Acres, 901,052. Benefices, 137
3. MANCHESTER. Pop. 1,395,494. Acres, 845,904. Benefices, 317.
4. RIPON, Pop. more than a million. Acres, a million and a half. Benefices, 410.
5, York. Archiepiscopal. Pop. more than 760,000. Area, more than two millions and
a quarter of acres. Benefices, 534.
6. CHESTER. Pop, more than a million. Area in acres, more than a million and a half
Benefices, 436. -
We understand that local efforts might be expected for erecting a See at Liverpool.
7, 8, 9, 10. Wales.
It has been proposed that an additional See should be erected at Brecon for Central
Wales, so as to relieve the Diocese of St. David's (now containing more than two millions
and a quarter of acres in extent) of the counties of Brecknock, Radnor, and Cardigan
The recommendations of three of the Welsh Bishops, on this subject, may be seen in
our First Report, p. xvii.
11, LICHFIELD. Pop. more than a million. Area in acres, about a million and three
quarters. Benefices, 536.
It has been proposed to leave it the county of Stafford, pop. 600,000, if that county
should not be divided into two dioceses; and to relieve it of the county of Derby
pop. 296,000, with a new See at Derby, and to annex that part of Salop, pop. 117 280.
which is now in Lichfield Diocese, to the Diocese of Hereford, which already cºntains the
other portion of Salop, and would then have a pop. of about 330,000.
12. LINCOLN. Pop. 677,649. Acres, more than two millions. Benefices, 793.
It is proposed to leave it the county of Lincoln and to relieve it of Nottinghamshire,
with a See at Southwell.
The recommendations of the Bishop of Lincoln on this subject may be seen in our
First Report, p. xvii., moté.
13. HEREFORD, Pop. 216,143. Acres, 986,244. Benefices, 358.
14. WoRCESTER. Pop. 752,376. Acres, more than a million. Benefices, 417.
It has been proposed to relieve it of Warwickshire, with a See at Coventry.
15. Ely. Pop. 482,412. Acres, more than a million. Benefices, 529.
It has been proposed to relieve it of part of Suffolk, pop. 108,346, and to annex that
part of Suffolk to the other part of Suffolk, pop. 228,869, and to form of the county of
Šuffolk a new Diocese, with a See at Ipswich (pop. 35,000) or Bury St. Edmund's
(pop. 15,000.)
ral there is a considerable property in houses, amounting to 500/-Say 400l. per
for the maintenance of the fabric, &c. of the Church.
on of the Bishop of Carlisle and the Ecclesiastical Commis-
ar, will go a great way in endowing the Prebendaries.
proposed Cathed
annum—Set apar - -
... The rectorial tithes now in possess!
now amounting to about 1,800l. a ye
« Constitution and Functions of the Cathedral Body.
isioners,
“Bishop.
Dean.
. Archdeacon of Newcastle.
*Archdeacon of Northumberland.
#Archdeacon of Lindisfarne.
Prebendary, Professor of Divinity, and Pastoral Theology, to be resident without
and to hold no other preferment. Patron, the Bishop.
:
cure of souls,
. Prebendary. To be annexed to the Town Livings.
Prebendary. Patron, Dean and Chapter.
2
3.
4. Prebendary.
T of whom one shall be Precentor and Afternoon Lecturer, with
hree Minor Canons, - -
a higher stipend; one to be Librarian ; the second and third to officiate as Curates
of St. Nicholas Proper.
Iibrarian. -
Mem. There is an admirable library, of which the Archdeacon and the Vicar
are trustees, and would therefore probably annex it to the Cathedral.
One Schoolmaster, a clergyman of at least B.A. degree.
Mem.—There is a weli.endowed school, of which the Vicar and Incumbents of
the old parishes are trustees; and as my scheme would give them a status in
the Cathedral, I conjecture that they would gladly bring this school under the
operation of the Chapter.”
# To hold no other preferment.











THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. xliii
We have received a memorial from Ipswich, setting forth the necessity of erecting the
county of Suffolk into a separate Diocese.”
16. NoFWICH. Pop. 671,538. Acres, nearly two millions. Benefices, 910.
It is proposed to leave it the county of Norfolk, pop. 442,714, and to relieve it of
portion of Suffolk, as above. (See Ely, No. 15.)
17. GLOUCESTER AND BRISTOL. Pop. 538,109, with a million of acres. Benefices, 442.
It is proposed to leave it the county of Gloucester, minus that part of the City and
Deanery of Bristol which is in Gloucestershire, and to restore the ancient See of Bristol,
the city and suburbs of which contain a population of about 138,000, and to add to it
those parts of Wilts and Somerset which now belong to Gloucester, making together
with the city and suburbs of Bristol, a population of about 220,000; so that the popula-
tion of Gloucester Diocese would then amount to 318,000.
18. OXFORD. Pop. 503,042, with more than a million of acres, Benefices, 584.
19. ROCHESTER. Pop. 577,298. Acres, a million and a half. Benefices, 564.
It is proposed to relieve it of Herts, and of part of Essex, pop. 324,000, and to form
of that part a new Diocese, with a See at Chelmsford or Colchester, and to leave to
Rochester that part of Kent which it now contains, and to add to it the remainder of
West Kent, so as to form a Diocese of about 397,000 population.
20, EXETER. Pop. 922,656. Acres, two millions and a half. Benefices, 657.
We have already recommended, in a separate report, that the ancient Diocese of
Cornwall should be restored, with a See at St. Columb Major, so as to leave to Exeter
the County of Devon. -
We refer to a memorial from the Bishop of Exeter on this subject.
21. BATH AND WELLS. Pop. 424,492. Acres, one million, Benefices, 462.
22, SALISBURY. Pop. 379,296. Acres, one million and a quarter. Benefices, 449.
On account of the territorial extent of these two Dioceses, it may seem desirable to
form another Diocese from a portion of this Diocese and a portion of Salisbury. The
Cathedral might be at Bath.
23. WiNCHESTER, Pop. 1,000,000, Area in acres, a million and a half. Benefices,
523.
24. LONDON. Pop, two millions, and to be two millions and a half on next avoidance
of Winchester. Acres 246,000. Benefices, 324.
It is proposed to relieve it of a portion of the Diocese, with a See at Westminster.
25. CANTERBURY. Archiepiscopal. Pop. 417,099. Acres, 914,170. Benefices, 352.
26. CHICHESTER. Pop. 336,844. Acres, 934,857. Benefices, 311.
* “That at the next avoidance of the Sees of Norwich and Ely, or before, with the consent
of the prelates who occupy those Sees, a new See should be formed at Ipswich, the Church of
St. Mary at the Tower being made the Cathedral Church. That the diocese of the Bishops of
Ipswich be the county of Suffolk, and that this Diocese be divided into two Archdeaconries of
East and West Suffolk.”
Additional Sees.


xliv CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
REASONs of one of the Commissioners for dissenting from the recommendation, that
“. Every Dean and Canon hereafter appointed shall reside at his Cathedral Church
“ for nine months in every year; and that a Canon should be allowed to hold the
“ incumbency of a Parish Church situate within two iniles of the Cathedral, and
“ no other.”
Because the country has a right to demand that the Cathedral system should be
rendered as effective as possible in promoting the true ends of the Established Church,
viz., the glory of God and the spiritual welfare of the entire community.
Because the plan proposed is confessedly a return to the old Cathedral principles,
instead of being an adaptation of great dignities and large resources to the altered
circumstances and just demands of the present day.
Because the restriction of a body of Clergymen to a Cathedral city and its suburbs,
with the daily routine of Cathedral duties for nine months in the year, is neither
calculated to promote the spiritual good of the Clergy themselves, nor the best interests
of the Church at large.
Because, for the most part, the income of benefices in Cathedral towns being exceedingly
small, and the income of all Canonries in England (with but few exceptions) being
limited to an average of 500l. a year, it is unreasonable to expect that the ablest and best
men will accept these posts of honour (on the proposed terms), involving, as they do, the
duty of exercising hospitality and of taking the lead in works of benevolence.
Because, even should the best and ablest men be tempted to accept Cathedral prefer-
ment on the terms proposed, the consequences of their doing so would be injurious to the
interests of the larger town or rural parishes, where the services of such men are urgently
needed.
Because the interests of the Church at large will be more certainly secured by limiting
the residence of Canons at the Cathedral to three months in the year, and after setting
apart the Deanery and one Canonry in each Cathedral for the encouragement of theological
learning, by appointing to the office of Canons the incumbents of large and populous
parishes which have sprung up within the last few years in nearly every Diocese, to
whom such office will at once afford a position and income calculated to enable them the
better to fulfil their responsible duties.
Because the proposed plan will have the effect of widening the distance between the
Bishops and the Clergy, and will certainly lead to a demand for an immediate change in
the social position of the heads of the Church.
Because a plan which practically limits the highest position in the Church, with the
exception of the Episcopate, to an income scarcely exceeding 500l. a year, a sum less than
is earned in every other learned profession, must tend to discourage parents from training
their sons with a view to their entering the sacred office of the Ministry.
H. MONTAGU WILLIERS.
May 1855.
Note—I wish to add that the suggestion for increasing the incomes of Deans and
Canons, as suggested in the latter part of the Report, if adopted, would not meet many of
the above objections. Upon the probability of such a plan being adopted, it would be
unbecoming in me to offer any opinion. - -
OBJECTIONs to the Recommendation of the Commissioners, to transfer the Patronage
now vested in the Dean and Canons Residentiary to the hands of the Greater
Chapter.
1. Because such a recommendation implies a condemnation and mistrust of the integrity
of the Capitular bodies, which is unjust. The disposal of preferment by the Capitular
bodies will, on a general view, bear a fair comparison in the fitness of its selections with
that of the Episcopal body, of the Crown, and of private patrons.
2. Because the transfer of the patronage to the greater Chapter at once diminishes the
value of the appointments now vested in the Crown, and by so much increases the
episcopal power, as it must throw the preponderance in every Chapter into the hands of
those nominated by the Bishop. -
3. Because anything which diminishes the power, influence, and independence of
Capitular bodies, who are now a connecting link between the Bishops and Clergy at
large, tends also to isolate still more the Episcopal body, and to diminish the sympathies
and community of interest between the Bishops and their clergy which ought on the
contrary to be greatly increased.
4. Because the method now proposed for conferring benefices, namely, of seventeen
men electing to each piece of preferment, must lead to a system of canvassing for livings
which is most inexpedient, and will lead to a decision in every case by a dominant party,
and thereby to the narrowing of the true and broad basis of the Church of England.
H. MoWTAGU WILLIERs.
May 1855.


THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. xlv.
STATEMENT of OBJECTIONs, by one of the COMMISSIONERS, to the RECOMMENDATIONS
in the FINAL REPORT of the CATHEDRAL COMMISSION, concerning RESIDENCE of CANONS
and TENURE of BENEFICES.
I much regret my inability to concur in two of the recommendations of the Final
Report, viz.:-
1. That, in all cases, a Canon should reside nine months at the Cathedral; and
2. That a Canon should be allowed to hold the incumbency of a Parish Church
situate within two miles of the Cathedral, and no other.
On account of the importance of this subject, I deem it a duty to express my dissent
in this particular, and to state the reasons for it, which are as follows:–
1. Because, while I readily acknowledge that the energies of Canons ought to be
concentrated, as much as may be, on their Canonries, and be made to subserve the spiritual
welfare of the Diocese, I fear that the adoption of the foregoing Recommendations, in
all cases, would not conduce to that result.
2. Because, in some Cathedral cities, the population of parishes is very large; and if
the cure of souls in a large parish is combined with a Canonry, then it is to be apprehended
that either the claims of the parish on the Canon will interfere with the due discharge of
his Canonical duties, or his Canonical duties will interfere with the claims of the parish ;
and his time and mind will be so much divided between the Parish and the Canonry,
that he can hardly be expected to be efficient in both capacities, and, in some cases, it is
to be feared, he will be neither a good Parish-Priest nor a good Canon.
3. Because, in other Cathedral cities, the Benefices are very small in value, and in
some cities, where this is the case, the incomes of the Canonries do not exceed 500l., and
(in Wales) 350l.; and it cannot be reasonably expected that a Canon, with only such
means at his disposal, and bound to nine months’ residence in the Cathedral city, could
exercise a seemly hospitality, and take a leading part, which as a Canon he ought to do,
in promoting, by example as well as by precept, the interests of religious and charitable
Institutions in connexion with the Cathedral, the City, and the Diocese; rather it is to
be feared, that those religious and charitable Institutions might suffer and fall into decay,
through the inability of Canons to assist them.
This objection would be removed, if such Canonries were better endowed, as the Com-
missioners propose; but, until this is dome, the Recommendations above specified, as to
Residence and Benefices, ought not, I humbly think, to be adopted in all cases. -
4. Because it is probable that new Episcopal Sees will ere long be erected in England
and Wales, and new Cathedral Chapters would be formed at the same time ; and the
creation of new Canonries and Chapters would be greatly embarrassed by such a restric-
tion as would require every Canon to reside nine months at his Cathedral, and would
preclude any Canon from holding the incumbency of a Church more than two miles
distant from it.
5. Because it has been generally acknowledged that an endeavour to apply the same
uniform rule to all Cathedrals, indiscriminately, has rendered recent legislation on that
subject much less useful than it would otherwise have been ; and because it is not
desirable that such a principle should be perpetuated.
6. Lastly, inasmuch as the circumstances of Cathedrals are very different, as to
population and value of Benefices in the Cathedral city, and as to number of Canons and
their income and duties, it does not seem expedient to frame one uniform rule to
be applied to all Cathedrals indiscriminately.
I would rather respectfully suggest, that, it being laid down as a general fundamental
principle that the emergies of Canons showld be devoted as much as possible to their Cathe-
dral, the Cathedral city, and the Diocese, it should be left to the Authority, which the
Cathedral Commission has recommended to be constituted for the revision of Cathedral
Statutes, to ea'amime carefully into the circumstances of each Cathedral Church, City,
and Diocese, severally, and to make regulations accordingly, as to the Residence of
Canons, and as to the Temwre of Benéfices with Camomºries,
CHR, WORDSWORTH,
May 1855.



A PPE N D IX,







A P P E N DIX
TO THE
THIRD AND FINAL REPORT.
C O N T E N T S.
Answers, or Extracts from answers, from Deans and Chapters, comprising further suggestions arising
out of the first Report, correction of errors, and Benefices requiring augmentation :-
Canterbury - - - - - - - - - - - 3
Durham - - - - - - - - - - 10
Carlisle - - - - - - - - - - ll
Exeter - - - - - - - - - - 13
Hereford - - - - - - - - - – 14
Lichfield - - - - - - - - - – 14
Rochester - - - - - - - - - - - 14
Westminster - - - - - - - - - - 15
Southwell - - - - - - - - - - 17
Suggestions with respect to the Residence of Canons - - - - 18
Letter from the Bishop of Exeter respecting the proposed Bishoprick of Saint Columb, and
Theological College in connexion with the Cathedral and Chapter of Exeter - - 19
Answers from the Dean and Chapter of Christ Church, Oxford, to Questions submitted on
the 7th of March 1855 - - - - - - - - 19
Table of Memorials, Petitions, and Letters addressed to this Commission since the first
Report - - - - - - - - - - – 21



3
CATHEDRAL COMMISSION.
ANSWERs, or Extracts from Answers, from DEANs and CHAPTERs to the SECRETARY’s
LETTER of the 12th July 1854, “requesting further Suggestions arising out
“ of the Statements in the Report, the Correction of Errors, and also a
* Statement of the Vicarages where the Chapter have the Rectorial Tithe or
“ Glebe, which they think should be augmented from the Capitular
‘ Property, and specifying the Mode and Manner of Endowment which they
‘ would propose.”
º
G.
º
CANTERBUR
The Dean and Chapter of Canterbury have to acknowledge the receipt of the Secretary's
letter of 12th July (1854), accompanying a copy of the First Report of Her Majesty's
Commissioners appointed to inquire into the condition of the cathedral and collegiate
churches of England and Wales.
PUBLIC WORSHIP--SECTION I.
1. The number of the canons (p. xix.), :
We should desire that, in conformity with the established practice of this cathedral
there should be always two canons on duty, so that at least four months residence instead
of three months as at present would be required of each of the six canons.
3. As regards our lay clerks and the choral service generally, we entirely concur in the
opinion expressed to the Commissioners by our precentor and organist, that our choir would
derive no assistance that could be depended on, nor any benefit whatever, from voluntary
aid (p. xix. and App.); and that, with twelve lay clerks, we have sufficient strength for
our choir, even allowing for “the casualties of health.” We have, indeed, no “special
fund for retiring pensions;” but by the arrangements entered into a few years ago, when
certain additional allowances were made to augment the payments to our lay clerks,
facilities are afforded for their retiring on pensions of 25l.” per annum when unable to
perform their duties satisfactorilly; and we have at the present time two lay clerks so
pensioned off with additional gratuities, making up their allowance to 40l. per annum
each.
PUBLIC WORSHIP--SECTION II.
With reference to the two suggestions, connected together in the Report (p. xxi.), of
“ ways in which cathedrals may minister to the efficiency of the church,” we would
observe that to the first, viz., “the annexation of canonries to parochial benefices at present
poorly endowed,” we see great objections; while we would gladly, according to our power,
aid in the second, viz., “the improvement of poor benefices, and endowment of new
churches from the capitular revenues,” so far as those revenues may be available for these
purposes. We duly feel that, in the language of the Report (pp. xxi., xxii.), “one of the
chief objects in any measures of improvement should be the effective spiritual care of the
cathedral cities; and we think that, in what may be called missionary efforts in these cities,
and subsidiary aid to the regular ministrations of the parochial clergy, much service may
be rendered in divers ways by the staff of the cathedral.f. But as regards the regular
pastoral charge of the population of the city, we think there are great objections to any
arrangement which, by annexation of canonries to the city parishes, would merge the
cathedral character in the parochial, and would simply make the income of a canon supply
the inadequate parochial endowment, while it would involve him in duties which would
seriously interfere with each other. The cathedral clergy, we think, should have their
distinctive duty, the clergy of the Several parishes theirs; the attempt to combine the
two, simply in order to obtain the requisite endowment for the parochial benefices, would,
in our opinion, be injurious to one or the other, or both. We cannot, therefore, in regard
to our own cathedral, recommend “annexations of canonries to parochial charges in the city
or neighbourhood * (p. xxii.) Nor do we “recommend the annexation of a district.”
containing any considerable population “to the cathedral itself, with one of the cathedral
body as pastor’ (ibid.); though we think that to the cathedral precinct might be added,
perhaps with advantage, the extra-parochial precinct of the archbishop's palace, and also the
* In the analysis subjoined to the report under the head “Lay Clerks” for 24!. (bis) read 25l.
f The administration of our “Cathedral Sick Fund,” established a few years ago, under the
care of a resident canon, with precinct and parochial (district) visitors, connected with the
poorer parishes in the city, affords opportunities for such service which we should be glad to
extend to the utmost.






H 2
4. CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
extra-parochial district of Staplegate, both adjoining the precincts of the cathedral.” We
should be disposed, perhaps, to regard more favourably the plan of annexation, were there
some one parish in our city, poorly endowed, which might thus be provided for ; though
we regard the cathedral and parochial duties, especially where the population is large,
as seriously interfering with each other. But in the case of Canterbury, the benefices are,
almost without exception, inadequately endowed; and the whole four canonries
(independently of the archdeaconries) might be swallowed up in forming parochial
endowments, sacrificing meanwhile every object which is of larger extent and wider range
than the actual cure of souls in the cathedral city. We should think it far better, therefore,
to look for the attainment of this important object to the cathedral or diocesan fund to be
referred to hereafter.
As regards “the improvement of small benefices and endowment of new churches,” it
cannot be doubted that “those which have the strongest claims on the cathedral revenues”
are “the vicarages and perpetual curacies where the chapters are possessors of the
rectorial tithe and glebe” $ (p. xxii) And next to these we should place the inadequately
endowed benefices in the cathedral city.
The amount to which the cathedral of Canterbury is now contributing, by the revenues
of its suspended stalls, to the general fund of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, exceeds at the
present time, as has been already stated (App. p. 624), on an average 5,000l. per annum.
II.-RELIGIOUS EDUCATION.
On this subject, in its bearing particularly on our grammar School, we have already
incidentally expressed our views, in our Reply to the Inquiries of Her Majesty's Commis-
sioners issued in August last. (Appendix, pp. 625, 626).
As regards the establishment of clerical seminaries or theological colleges, we are fully
alive to the advantages now afforded, to a great extent, for the study of theology at the
universities; and also to the inconveniences which have been pointed out as likely to arise
from any great multiplication of smaller theological institutions or their establishment in
the several dioceses of England and Wales.
We think that if, amidst the multiplied wants of the Church in regard to clerical
education, the establishment of “two or three only ” of such institutions should be thought
desirable, in conformity with one recommendation referred to in the Report (p. xxvi.,
note S), they would be most advantageously placed, agreeably to Archbishop Cranmer's
suggestion, in connexion with cathedral bodies ; and that, in such case, our own cathedral
might probably, on several accounts, be regarded as a suitable place. The larger number
of canons retained here might be considered a security against the undue influence of any
one individual teacher; and, with one or more of the minor canons, perhaps, to assist (if
need be) in subsidiary duties in the college, there would be a staff of clergy who, by a
division of labour, might go far to carry into effect Cranmer's original design.
III.-DISCIPLINE.
In connexion with the duties of the decanal office, we should desire that, in our own
cathedral, it should not be competent for the dean to hold any benefice, now tenable,
together with the deanery. We regarded it as a salutary provision in the Act of 1840,
that the dean should be resident eight months at the cathedral; and his residence for the
remainder of the year on a living at a certain distance from Canterbury involved no incon-
venience in regard to cathedral duties. But, inasmuch as (by the Act 13 & 14 Vict. c. 94.)
no dean hereafter appointed can hold any benefice not situated within the cathedral city;
and, inasmuch as the duties of such benefice would, in our opinion, continually interfere
with the duties of the dean in his own cathedral; we should strongly recommend that
though the Act referred to remain in force, it be provided, in any new statutes or regula-
tions to be framed for our own cathedral, that the dean shall not hold with the deanery
any parochial benefice within the city.
Duties of CANONS. I.-General.
As regards “the rule of residence for the canons” (p. xxviii.), considering the services
which a body of canons resident at the cathedral might render to the cathedral city and
its institutions to the diocese and to the church at large, we think it desirable that the
canons, as a rule, should be resident at the cathedral, and not hold benefices with their
canonries. We wish, however, to be understood to speak simply in reference to our own
# It might, however, perhaps be a still more desirable arrangement to include these in the
parish of St. Alphage, separating from it the parish of St. Mary, Northgate, at present united
with it.
f We speak, on this point from the results of experience in our own cathedral. -
i These livings depend principally upon tithes of houses, which, if the payment could be
enforced, would make them an adequate provision.
§ A separate statement will contain our return to the inquiry made by Her Majesty’s Commis-
sioners, in the same letter (July 12) to which the present is a reply, in regard to the vicarages
(where the chapter have rectorial tithes or glebe) which, we think, should be augmented from the
capitular property.


APPENDIX TO THE THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. 5
cathedral. It appears from the Report, that “the greatest difference of opinion exists as
to the rule of residence for the canons;” that “while some advocate strongly the residence
“ at the cathedral, others insist as earnestly on the advantage of their holding benefices
“ with their canonries, and being thereby associated with the parochial clergy” (p. xxviii.).
We are fully alive to the benefits which have resulted to the church at large from this
connexion between cathedral dignities and parochial offices; establishing oftentimes a
valuable and important link of association between the two, or connecting with one or both
men of distinction amongst their clerical brethren, professors at the universities, or the
like. We would therefore suggest, that the provisions of the Acts now in force on this
subject might remain unaltered; the statutes, meanwhile, of the particular cathedral
defining what residence should be required in each.” The regulations thus made would
admit of alteration by competent authority, should other arrangements be found hereafter
preferable, under altered circumstances, in the particular case.
In conjunction, however, with this general rule of residence, we should wish that each
of our canons should be specially responsible for the duties of a canon in residence during
the period assigned to him by the statutes and customs now in force. [Comp. Suggestions
from Salisbury, App. p. 610.] If, together with the requirement of increased residence,
or as naturally arising out of it, additional duties of an active kind devolve on the canons,
care must be taken to guard, by such a provision as the above, against any such conse-
quence as that diminished, instead of increased, attendance be given to the cathedral
service. We should desire to see, as a rule, two of the capitular body always present at the
daily service. -
- 2.—Special.
In regard to the two archdeacons, an exception might, perhaps, be made to the general
rule of residence; should it be thought desirable, in consideration of the immediate
connexion of the archidiaconal office with the parochial clergy, to leave it open to the
archdeacon, under certain limitations, to hold, together with his canonry, a benefice situate
within his own archdeaconry, he might still be required to reside four months in the
year at the cathedralt We regard with satisfaction the provisions of the Act of 1840,
by which, in conformity with the system of the old cathedrals (Report, p. xxx.), the two
archdeacons of the diocese are closely connected with the cathedral church by canonries
forming the endowment of their archdeaconries; and we should not wish to see that
arrangement disturbed. With respect to the other four canons it is to be observed, that
in the cathedrals of the old foundation, the dean and the three principal officers were bound
to constant residence; and, by our own statutes, those who fill the offices of vice-dean,
receiver, and treasurer, are bound to reside nine months, unless such residence be specially
dispensed with. We might regard our chapter as henceforth consisting of those only who
fill offices, and who are obliged to residence at the cathedral accordingly; and thus, too,
the residence so required would be nearly in accordance with the original constitution of
Henry VIII., by the provisions of which, as is observed in the Report, “the dean and
“ canons were to be resident continuously, with the allowance of 100 days of absence in
“ the year to the dean, 80 to a canon, with the condition that one-fourth part of the canons
“ (i.e. three in number) should always be in residence together’ (p. x.). We should
recommend, however, that if canons hereafter appointed be required to reside eight or nine
months in the year the power given in our present statutes of enforcing or relaxing the strict
rule of residence be preserved, subject, in all cases, to the approval of the visitor. There are
many cases, we think, in which the essential interests of the cathedral itself, and of the
church at large, would be consulted by such provision for the exercise of a due discretion
in regard to residence under varying circumstances.
With respect to the duties to be assigned to the canons, we conceive that much must be
left to the division of duties amongst themselves; and that much must depend upon the
particular circumstances of the different cathedrals, and the institutions connected with
them severally. -
By a judicious division and distribution of duties, we think, much important service of a
diocesan and diffusive character may be rendered by our canons in combination with a due
* The original constitution of different cathedrals, or their distinctive type, as partaking
severally in various degrees of the character of “ episcopia” or “monasteria” centres of active
service or places of learned and devout retirement (Report, pp. iv., v.), as well as the various
circumstances of different cathedrals, cathedral cities, and dioceses, may be thought, perhaps, to
justify and make expedient some departure from perfect uniformity throughout.
f By the Act 1 & 2 Vict. c. 106, s. 39, a canon may be absent from his benefice five months
altogether, including the time of his residence on duty as canon.
| To the treasurer in our cathedral is assigned that which, next after the care of the Divine
Service, appears in our statutes as the second object of our fºundation, viz., the charge of the
fabric (“ut fabrica illius [ecclesiae] pulcherrima, prout loci digitas postulat, tam exträ quam intus,
posthabitis aliis quibuscumque ab omni non solum ruiná, sed etíam defectu conservetur’). For the
last five or six years the office of treasurer at Canterbury has, by an interchange of duties among
the canons (it being a yearly office), been filled by one of our body, who has been resident the
whole year; it being felt specially desirable that this officer should be on the spot. The care of
the fabric and constant superintendence of works going on in the cathedral, with a body ol
workmen always employed under the cathedral surveyor, requires regular attention ; besides
other duties devolving on the treasurer, prescribed by the statutes, or of a corresponding kind.
-




6 CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
amount of learned lesiure. We strongly feel the very great importance of the general consi-
deration which has been urged upon her Majesty's Commissioners, of “the necessity of a due
“ provision for the encouragement of theological learning, as essential to the maintenance
“ of purity of doctrine and the defence of the truth.” It is, undoubtedly, most true that,
“ unless the church have the means of providing for men whose time and energies are not
“ all absorbed in parochial and pastoral labour, she will not maintain that high character
“ for learning which she has hitherto borne.” (Report, p. xxx.) A happy combination of
both may, we believe, be effected by well considered arrangements, of such a kind as we
have described. -
Minor Canons.
* By the Act 3 & 4 Wict. c. 113,” as is observed in the Report, “it was provided that
“ regulations should be made for fixing the number and emoluments of the minor canons
“ in each cathedral and collegiate church, that they should not be more than six nor less
“ than two ; and that the stipend of each should not be less than 150l.” These provisions
have in our cathedral, as above stated, been carried into effect, the number having been
kept up to six; the stipend of 150l. to the newly appointed minor canons” has been paid
from the chapter property.” (p. xxxii.)
As regards “the general position, duties, and prospects of our minor canons” (comp.
with p. xxxiii. p. xix.), we have already, in our original returns, called the attention of
Her Majesty's Commissioners to the way in which the position and prospects of our minor
canons have been affected by recent Acts of the Legislature. As is observed in the Report,
“ at Canterbury a minor canon might hold a benefice within 24 miles;” and by our
Caroline Statutes the minor canons claim next to the canons in the disposal of patronage;
though limited still, under those statutes, to that distance. But “ by the Act 3 & 4 Vict.
“ c. 113. S. 46. it is provided that no future minor canon shall hold any benefice
“ beyond six miles from the cathedral” (p. xxxiii.); and, as we took occasion to observe,
* even those who were appointed before the Act are virtually abridged of the privilege
“ given them by the Local Statutes, by the Act of 1 & 2 Vict. c. 106. s. 39., by which
“ seven months residence upon the benefice is required, notwithstanding any duties the
“ incumbent may have to perform as minor canon.” This, it has appeared to us, would
make the offer of any benefice a mockery, unless the diocesan were prepared to give a
special licence of non-residence. By the Act 3 & 4 Vict. s. 44., as is observed in the
Report, the minor canons, after having served five years, “ have a claim to be considered
“ in the disposal of patronage after the canons; but this claim is shared with them by
* other persons,” viz. any person who has served for an equal period as lecturer or master
“ of the cathedral schools, as incumbent or curate in the diocese, or as public tutor in either
“ of the universities.” (p. xxxiii.) So that, when the provisions of this Act come into
operation with us, a minor canon will no longer have any certain prospect of preferment
at all, except in regard to livings within six miles; of which at Canterbury we have only
one, beside one benefice in the city, the alternate presentation to two others, and every
third presentation to another. -
Considering now that our minor canons are thus precluded from holding any livings
but such as, in our opinion, would seriously interfere with the performance of their duties
in the cathedral, we think the general “position” of our minor canons should be regarded
rather as that of assistant ministers of the cathedral, standing in the same kind of relation
to the dean and canons, its principal ministers, as in parish churches licensed curates bear
to the incumbents whom they assist ; and that, after a specified period of service (say ten
years at least), they should have the certain “prospect " of succeeding to benefices in the
gift of the Chapter. And we think that, without holding benefices or curacies meanwhile,
in conjunction with their minor canonries, arrangements might be made by which our
minor canons might, to the great assistance to the city incumbents, and without interfering
in any way with the pastoral relation of the parochial clergy to their several parishes,
combine with their regular duties in the cathedral a certain amount of active service of a
ministerial kind, keeping up their interest and giving them experience in such matters, with
parochial duties hereafter in view. In this way, we think, the “general position * of
our minor canons might be freed from some disadvantages under which it labours at
present ; and by releasing them from choral duty after a certain period, “the due celebra-
tion of the Divine service ’’ might be the more effectually secured.
VII.-REVENUE.
On the subject of revenues we have already entered to some extent, in the Reply to the
Inquiries received in August last on the management of capitular property. Having in
view the suggestions on the subject embodied in the Report (p. i.), we would observe that,
1. We have felt so strongly the importance of being able to improve, as circumstances
may make expedient from time to time, “ the condition of our choir, school, and other
“ institutions that, rather than lose this advantage, we have declared ourselves disposed to
“ forego.” (App. pp. 625, 626.)
* The four senior minor canons all hold benefices with their minor canonries.




APPENDIX TO THIRD AND FINAL REPORT.
7
- - 2. The benefit which, under a system of regular incomes and allowances to the different
parts of the cathedral establishments, members of chapter would undoubtedly derive from
fixed instead of fluctuating incomes, or at least, in the words of the Report, from “a
change of system which may reduce the fluctuations of income within narrower limits.”
If the plan of fixed income be adopted, it is presumed that the average income of members
of chapter in the last cycle of seven years would be the basis of the incomes to be fixed
for the future; and the requisite provision against depreciation might be found in assimi-
lating the amount to a corn rent, variable according to the average price of grain, and
readjusted at fixed periods,-say every seven years, according to the price of corn in the
preceding seven years.
3. This arrangement being made, the way would be better prepared for “the assignment
“ of a portion of capitular revenues as a Diocesan fund, for the extension of the church,
“ and the promotion of works of piety and charity in the diocese.”
We entirely concur in the opinion which has been expressed to Her Majesty's Commis-
sioners from another quarter (Dean of Carlisle, App. p. 633), that the invidious position
in which the governing bodies of cathedrals are placed arises, not from the fact of the dean
and canons being the sole administrators of the cathedral funds, but from their being, in
most cases, as it were, each year the residuary legatees of such funds, dividing the income
which is not applied to public purposes; and that therefore “a distinct line” should be
drawn between the funds to be spent by the dean and chapter on public purposes and those
which represent the annual dividend; in other words, a complete “separation between the
“ private allowances of the dean and canons, and the public funds of which they consider
“ themselves simply as trustees, without a beneficial interest.”
And that which applies to the allowances of the dean and six canons, we are of opinion
applies with equal force to the allowances of the six suspended canonries payable to the
Ecclesiastical Commissioners. We think it of great importance to the objects for which,
as guardians of the cathedral property, we are trustees, that neither the claims of individual
members of chapter, nor those of the possessors of the income of the vacant stalls, should
trench in any way on the primary and distinctive objects of the cathedral foundation.
And we should rejoice to see any satisfactory arrangements proposed by which a distinct
line might in like manner be drawn in regard to the rightful claims of the Ecclesiastical
Commissioners. -
BENEFICES.
In reply to such part of the secretary's letter of 12th July last as requests a statement
of the vicarages (where the chapter have the rectorial tithes or glebe) which we think
should be augmented from the capitular property and the mode and measure of endowment,
we here with transmit,
A list of the vicarages which we think require augmentation, showing what the present
income of each is, and to what amount it should, in our opinion, be increased.
In regard to the mode in which such augmentations may be effected we would observe,
that on the enfranchisement of impropriate rectories, augmentations may be made under the
Acts now in force for the management of episcopal and capitular estates by the directions
of Ecclesiastical and Church Estates Commissioners, but it is doubtful whether, in such
transactions, it can be confidently assumed that the sanction of the Commissioners would
be obtained.
We beg, however, to observe that, except under particular circumstances hereafter
noticed, the enfranchisement of impropriate rectories is open to the objections frequently
urged against transferring tithes into lay hands, precluding thereby the possibility of having
further recourse to property of this description for ecclesiastical requirements. The
exception above alluded to is where the chapter have not only the rectorial tithes, but also
some considerable portion of land included in the same lease. In such case, under the Acts
before mentioned, an exchange may be effected whereby giving or receiving a sum of money
to equalize the same, the lessee may take the chapter's reversionary interest in the land,
and give up his leasehold interest in the tithe. By such process, the chapter may be
enabled to make provision, as well for the augmentation of the vicarage by assignment of a
portion of the tithes or otherwise, as for securing to the chapter the average income hitherto
accruing from that estate.
Amongst the vicarages mentioned in the annexed list there are several in which the
income of the present incumbent is reduced below the sum given by the payment of
interest on money borrowed of the Governors of Queen Anne's Bounty for building the
vicarage house. This cannot be treated as a permanent charge, but we think that out of
any surplus revenues which we may have at our disposal for diocesan purposes, the relieving
incumbents from such payment should be one of the first subjects for consideration.
DANIEL FINCH,
Canterbury, - By order of the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury.
30th Oct. 1854.





















8 CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
PARISHEs in which the DEAN and CHAPTER of CANTERBURY, having the Impropriate Rectory,
- Income should
Gross Income.
Churches Tithe Rent-
Parishes. and charge less 25 Total.
Services. per cent. for Rent or Value
depreciation of Land.
collection and
losses.
Other Sources.
£ s. d. £ s. d. f s. d. £ s. d.
ſ 60l. cha. lease
201. cha. grant
lſº 130 () ()
40l.cha,ann.do
Population 1.242
Bramford, (Norfolk)- { 2 º 3 services
Population 448
1 ch., I service
Brookland, (Kent) - { }
Population º º ; º | 10l. cha. '...}
102 13 6 4 () () - - - || 106 13 6
Canterbury, St. Paul
vicarage united with * ~~~~5 242 12 8
St. Martin rectory - 2 ch., 5 services tithe charge 20l. augment.
Deopham, (Norfolk) - { º, , ; 142 12 1 || 48 0 o 6 0 0 | 196 12 1
•3 - - --
- º - Population 56 50l. cha. leasel
Tair, - - - I - - -
Fairfield P. C., (Ken){ 1 ch., 1 Service { 6l.Qu.A.bty. ſ 56 0 O
Halstow Lower - || *P*.*.*.* }| 164 16 2 1 11 6 - - - 166 7 8
1 ch., 2 services
- 209 16 8
H.
Faversham - - { Pºpºlº including , 24 13 4 63 19 3 || 298 9 3
1 ch., 3 services extra tithe
Milton near Sitting- ſ Population 2,407 U 92. - 8 18 O
bourne - - { 2 ch., 3 services ſ 271 17 6 - - chapter *} 280 15 6
- - - Population 1,242 9 13 0 0 -
Seasalter - { 1 ch., 2 *} 120 () 0 || 3 0 o: augo Abiy. " " "
º - Population 557 - 5 () () ..
Sheldwich - - { 1 ch., 2 ...} 146 11 1 1 1 o: *} 152 12 1
Train - - Population 3,782 3% acs. glebe Q Q -
Tenterden { 1 ch., º) 337 10 o: "not let. } - - - || 337 10 0
r Population 1,017
Warnham, (Sussex) - { tºº.) 237 8 4 || – - --- - - || 237 8 4
Westcliffe, (Kent) - { º, } - - - || 10 6 () 24!. churchlease 34 6 0
- Population 1,022 || | .
Willesborough - { º 135 () 0 7 10 0 || 10/. cha. lease 152 10 ()
CANTERBURY.-Estates sold under Act 14 & 15 Vict.
Estates. Date of Contract.
Hollingbourne Tile Oast - - - 29th September 1852
25 Court Dean and Norwood - || 25th December 1852
Eastry and Worth Rectory - - February 1853
Meopham Manor - - - - 29th September 1852
East Peckham le Hatches - - - 29th September 1853
ESTATE–Lease purchased
Monkton Manor - - - - 29th September 1852
Tº e Fines marked (a) above were received on last renewal. Those marked (b) are such as might have been received, if
- - having
Canterbury, July 28, 1854.




APPENDIX TO THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. 9
think the Vicarages, &c., require Augmentation, stating the Amount to which they think the
be raised.
Deduction for
Land Tax,
º, Clear Income. Vicarage House. º Observations.
and Procura-
tions.
if s. d £ s. d. f s. d
5 : 1 - 4 124 18 8 || Sufficient - - 400 () ()
Small and incon-
22 7 5 84 6 | | venient - ..) 150 0 0
ſ The yearly value of the dean and
53 7 0 189 5 8 || None fit - - - - - chapter portion of tithe in St.
l Paul's is only 707, per annum.
Sufficient, charg— |
24 19 6 || 17 12 72 | "Wiſh 200 O O
36/. 9s. 8d. to
. A. Bount
º ounty J The rectory of Fairfield with the
- - - 56 0 0 | None - - - - - - presentation to the perpetual
curacy is let on lease for lives.
25 16 6 140 11 2 | None - - - || 200 () ()
ſ Good, charged
63 17 6 234 11 9 with 42/. Int. to X | 400 () ()
l Qu. A. Bounty
47 18 7 232 16 11 || Insufficient - || 400 O O
ſ"This living is now held with the
perpetual curacy of the adjoining
14 3 4. 121 16 8 N - - - 250 O O parish of Whitstable. When these
One O { benefices shall be held by two
* nº - | several incumbents, an augmenta-
sº charg- U tion will become requisite.
º - ed. Wit
24, 2 9 128 9 4 36ſ. 8. 9d, to P 250 0 9
. A. Bount --
Qu Ounty ſShould an additional church be built,
as contemplated,at Bores Isle above
84 8 to 252 | 2 | Sufficient - - |350i, or 450.4 ºn the parish church, ºd
| containing a population of 800,
this benefice should be augmented
ſ Small ied U to 450/.
Small, occupied *
49 19 3 189 9 | { by Vicar !} 250 () ()
- - - 34 6 0 | None - - - 80 O O
{ | Sufficient, charg-
11 5 10 141 4 2 ed with 30l. to 250 0 O
Qu. A. Bounty
2,101 9 3 3,180 0 O
c. 104. Transactions completed before 1st June 1854.
Seven Years T} fººt rat-
R.d Rents. Fines. Total. Average.
£ s. d. # 3. d. # s. d. if s. d.
14 0 0 (b) 37 5 8 51 5 8 7 6’ 6
2 6 8 (a) 35 10 0 37 16 8 5 8 1
1,541 8 4 (b) 1,830 19 2 3,372 7 2 481 15 4
451 14 8 (a) 1,417 3 8 1,868 18 4 266 19 9
2 6 8 (a) 41 6 8 43 13 4 6 4. 9
under Act 1.4 & 15 Vict, c. 104.
1,005 1 1 0 2,744 9 4 3,750 0 4 535 14 4
according to the usual mode, higher fines had been received on account of previous terms being near expiration or
expired.
DANIEL FINCH, Auditor.





10 CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
DURELAM.
SIR,
Durham, 21st Nov. 1854.
I AM directed by the dean and chapter of Durham to request you will be so good
as to represent to the Cathedral Commissioners the opinion and wish of the dean and
chapter that some additional provision should be made for the performance of spiritual
duties in the following parishes, viz.:
1. St. Margaret, Durham, where a new district and endowment is required.
2. Merrington, Ferryhill, Whitworth,and Bramcepeth, from parts of which several parishes
a district, called Spennymon, should be made with proper endowment.
3. Holy Island, the income of which requires augmentation.
4. Scremerston, the income of which requires augmentation.
In all of these cases fruitless correspondence has been had with the Ecclesiastical
Commissioners, copies of which, if the Commissioners desire it, the dean and chapter will
be happy to send.
Among other parishes in which some additional provision for the cure of souls is required,
I am desired to mention those of Bedlington and Billingham.
Henry Kingscote, Esq., Cathedral Commission,
1, Parliament Street, London.
I have, &c.
WM. CHAs. CLAYTON.
The following corrections of our First Report, and the analysis annexed to it, have been
transmitted to us by the Dean of Durham —
REPORT of Cathedral Commission.
1. Beadsmen.—“In some few cases we
observe that the ancient stipend (61.13s. 4d.)
has been more than doubled ; but in the
majority it remains as fixed by statute, and
is insufficient for a maintenance.”—p. XXXV.
2. “The chapter-house has been restored,
and the ancient dormitory of the Monastery
converted into a room destined for a library
and museum. The cost of these two works
is more than 8,000l.”—p. xlvi.
3. “The dean and canons in the new
cathedrals had no separate estates, with the
exception of Durham and Ely, where, pro-
bably by some capitular arrangement, the
dean and canons held each a portion of pro-
perty annexed to their separate stalls.”—
i). xlvii.
4. “The chapter of Durham has a large
revenue from fines on leases of mines, Way-
leaves,” &c. &c.—p. xlvii.
ANSWERS of the Dean and Chapter of
Durham.
1. “The beadsmen receive 108, a week
paid weekly, out of the general funds of the
church. They receive besides some small
payments, amounting to 21. 12s, a year each.”
Appendix, p. 54. (Thus,the Durham beads-
men receive 281. 12s. each, or more than
quadruple of the statutable stipend.)
2. “In 1847 some restorations took place
in the chapter-house; and during the last
three years about 3,000l. have been expended
by the chapter on the restoration of the dor-
mitory of theancient monastery.”—App.p.56.
3. “Statute XVII.-Of the lands, tene-
ments, and tithes belonging to the church of
Durham, we have given some to the dean
and to every of the canons (as the next
chapter will show), to the end that he who
keeps up a family in the manner of a resident
shall and may have and keep the said lands
and tithesin his own possession.”—Appendix
p. 47. (The possession was not, therefore, at
Durham by any “capitular arrangement,”
but by statute). -
4. In the answers of the dean and chapter
of Durham (Appendix, p. 500), the “profits
of mines and wayleaves” are distinguished
from “fines on leases,” and placed under a
different head. The fact is, that of the numerous mines of this chapter, three only
are leased on fines.
All the rest are let on fixed annual payments and tentale
rents, according to the usage of the country.
Indeed, since the year 1841 the
chapter have received two fines only from all their mines, and those of no greater
amount than 450l., each.
ANALYSIS of Answers by Cathedral
Commission.
5. “One canon at least is present at one
of the daily services.”—Rep. 1. p. 5.
(5. “The master of the choristors is also
the organist.”—Rep. 1. p. 5.
ANSWERS of the Dean and Chapter of -
Durham.
5. “Two canons at least are always in
residence.
“One of the canons at least is daily pre-
sent at one at least of the services of the
cathedral during the whole year.”—Appen-
dix, p. 48.
6. “From the organist the choristers
receive their musical instruction only. The
general instruction is given by one of the
lay vicars, to whom an additional salary of 25l. a year is paid as Schoolmaster.”
Appendix, p. 52. -
-
“The precentor superintends their religious and moral instruction, and also
examines into their general learning twice a year.”—Appendix, p. 53.
Deanery, Durham, Aug. 7, 1854.
G. W., Dean.



APPENDIX TO THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. |J.
CARLISLE.
STATEMENT as to the Poor LIVINGs with which the Dean and Chapter of CARLISLE
are connected.
Of the poor livings in our patronage, the first which seems to demand the attention of
the Cathedral Commissioners are those in the city of Carlisle.
There are four parishes or parochial districts in Carlisle : —
First, Saint Mary's ;
Second, Trinity Church, Caldewgat;
Third, Saint Cuthbert's ; and,
Fourth, Christ Church, Botchardgate.
Each district has a large church of its own, except Saint Mary's, the congregation of
which is accommodated in what remains of the ruined nave of the cathedral. Except the
cathedral there is no other Church of England place of worship in Carlisle beyond the four
now mentioned. By referring to the return of the chapter (p. 121, Appendix to the First
Report), it will be seen that the population of the city exceeds 26,000.
The provision made by the Church of England to meet the wants of this population is
very inadequate.”
There are at present six parochial clergy, viz., four incumbents and two curates in all;
the stipends of the incumbents, it will be seen by the chapter return above referred to, are
very small, in no case exceeding 150l. a year, and the curates are principally paid by
charitable societies.
It is a melancholy fact, however, that of the poor, whether belonging to the Church of
England or not, a very small proportion indeed are in the habit of attending any place of
worship. It is my belief, founded upon a good deal of examination, that the perSons
amongst us who have not entered a church or chapel of any description for years are to be
counted by thousands.
We need, I think, to have three new churches erected in the city, and the expense of
erecting these, with suitable schools attached, would probably exhaust all the funds which
can be expected to be raised for such purposes by private charity for some years to come.
We must then, I think, look to the improved cathedral estates as the only source from
which adequate endowments for our parochial clergy can be provided.
As a general rule, I would lay down that the parochial incumbents of such a town as
this ought, if it be possible, to have on an average, an income of 500l. a year. In some
cases it would be necessary to keep a curate, and this would leave what is barely enough
for a man of education to maintain his family, and meet the claims which his situation as
pastor in such a town necessarily implies. The united incomes of our four city incum-
bents at present amount to little more than 500.
I shall take the city parishes in detail.
First. Saint Mary's parish. It will be seen, from the return of the chapter (Appendix,
First Report, p. 121), that the population is not much short of 8,000. The church accom-
modation is for 450 persons at the outside. The annnal income of the incumbent is
returned at 74l. 9s. 8d. This exhibits a lamentable state of things.
Second. The district of Trinity Church, Caldewgate. The population (see above) is
not far short of 8,000; the income of the incumbent, 150l.
Third. Saint Cuthbert's parish. It will be seen, by the return (see above), that the
population of Saint Cuthbert's and of the district of Christ Church together, exceeds II,000.
I am not able to state what exact proportion has now been assigned to each of the two
districts respectively. The incumbent of Saint Cuthbert's has only 150l. a year, and is
unable to command the services of a curate. -
There is an afternoon lecturer in Saint Cuthbert's church to whom the dean and chapter
pay 30l. a year; but the lecturer has nothing to do with the cure of souls. The incumbency
ought as speedily as possible to be increased. Tithes in Saint Cuthbert's parish, of the
value of 1431. a year, will this year fall into the Ecclesiastical Commissioners by the
expiring of a lease. This sum ought to be added to the incumbent's income.
Fourth. The district of Christ Church, Botchardgate. An approximation to the
population has been given above. The incumbent's income is returned at 145l.
In connexion with the city parishes I must mention the county district of Upperby,
which has been taken from the outlying parts of Saint Cuthbert's. The incumbent of
Upperby is miserably paid, receiving only 60l. a year. I understand that the population,
which is much scattered, exceeds 1,500. I think the value of this incumbency ought, if
possible, to be ultimately raised to 250l. a year.
The outlying chapelry of Wreay ought also to be mentioned in connexion with the city
parishes. The income, at present returned at little more than 801, ought as soon as
possible to be raised to 200l., or 150l. at the very least.
* I find what appears an inaccuracy in the returns published by authority, with reference to
the statistics of religious worship in Carlisle. There are said to be 763 free, and 1,816 appro-
priated sittings of the Church of England, and these sums are represented as amounting to a total
of 4,039 (vide Religious Worship in England and Wales; by authority of the Registrar General,
1854). I have, therefore, a difficulty in availing myself of the tables supplied in this return, not
knowing wherein the mistake lies.









I 2
12 - CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
In order that an idea may be formed as to the possibility of thus augmenting the
livings connected with the city, I have endeavoured to make an estimate of the annual net
value of the cathedral property in the two parishes of Saint Cuthbert's and Saint Mary’s
and their respective districts. In Saint Cuthbert's I make the annual value of tithe
property to amount to above 550l., and of lands to above 1,650l., giving a total of above
2,2007. In Saint Mary's I make the annual value of tithe property above 230l., of lands
above 850l., giving a total of 1,0801. The whole rental of the church property in the two
parishes will thus amount to an annual income of about 3,300l. Now according to the old
system of leasing, to which our transfer of our property to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners
has put an end, the chapter, I suppose, scarcely ever received on an average so much as
1,000l. a year of this annual rental. Supposing that the Ecclesiastical Commissioners were
to run out the leases, they would in time have the means at their disposal, after deducting
the 1,000l. a year for the chapter to supply the sum required for the adequate payment of
the city incumbents and of the incumbents of Upperby and Wreay according to the scale
adopted above ; but if it be thought, as I certainly think for my own part, that the evil of
the present state of things is so great as not to admit of any long delay in applying a
remedy, then I submit that, in order speedily to meet the spiritual wants of the town and
neighbourhood, it may be well to make the chapter dependent entirely on its estates in
other parishes where the spiritual destitution is not so great. Thus the 1,000l. a year
which may be taken as representing the average of the chapter's share in the church
property in these two parishes will be set free, and the Commissioners will have the entire
property of the annual value of 3,300!, to deal with at once for the supply of the spiritual
wants of the place. They cannot purchase all the interest of the lessees without sacrificing
half of the property, but if they could effect such purchase, this would leave them a residue
of about 2,200l. a year available for the immediate augmentation of the city parishes and
districts. If to this 2,200l. a year we were to add the sum capable of being raised from the
sale of the house property (the burgages) of the chapter in the city, the whole amount
required by the calculation given above for a really adequate maintenance of the parochial
clergy of the city might be obtained at once.
I now proceed to the case of the parish of Hesket-in-the-Forest, as presenting the
strongest claim for augmentation after the city parishes. The case is a plain one. The
whole tithes of the parish are valued at 1,528/, a year; of this sum 9711. 5s. 4d. is appro-
priated, on the expiring of the leases, to the fabric fund of our cathedral.
The next most pressing case, on account of the large amount of the chapter property,
is the parishes of Wetheral and Warwick, within six miles of Carlisle.
The tithe property of the chapter in the two parishes, if the leases had expired, would
be worth above 1,100l. a year, and the landed estate is worth 829], a year. If arrange-
ments can be made with the lessees, the augmentation of this incumbency ought not to be
delayed.
The next most pressing case seems to be that of Cross Cannonby.” There is here a
large and increasing population, after making a deduction for the district of the town of
Maryport. There is no parsonage house, and the income is returned at about 150l. The
value of the tithe property of the chapter, if the leases were run out, would be 245l. ; a
considerable portion of these tithes ought to be added to the incumbency.
Rockliff, within six miles of Carlisle, has a population of above 800. Thereis no parsonage
house and the income is very small. The tithe property of the chapter, if the leases were
got rid of, would be of the value of 300l. Steps ought to be taken as speedily as possible
to raise the incumbency to 250l. a year.
Camerton ought to be raised to 250l.
Cum whitton to 200l.
Cumrew to 200l. -
Hayton, if possible, to 300ſ. There is a large population, but the chapter tithe property
transferred to the Commissioners is small.
Ireby is returned as having a miserably insufficient stipend; all the tithes ought to be
appropriated to the incumbent, and even then he would scarcely have much more than
200l. a year.
Morland, where there is a large population, and the chapter has considerable property
ought, if possible, to be raised to 300l. or 400l. -
Kirkland, with a population of above 800l. Ought ultimately to be made at least
300l. a year. -
Westward, where there is considerable property in land awarded in lieu of tithes, ought
to be raised to 250/. -
One of the worst cases is that of Bewcastle, with a large scattered population in the
wildest part of the country. -- - - -
Bassenthwaite, where there is a small property of chapter land, ought, if possible, to be
raised to 200l.
Castlecarrock Ought, if possible, to be raised. Here also there is no chapter property.
Hutton, where there is some property, ought to be raised to 200l.
* The population is returned at 6,200, including Maryport. Coal pits have recently been
opened in the parish, and this has increased the population since the return.
-
-




APPENDIX TO THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. 13
Castlesowerby, where there is some poor chapter land, has a large scattered population,
and is in a miserable place. The incumbent is paid by glebe land, which is said to have
greatly deteriorated.
Sebergham, where the chapter has some land and tithes, ought, if possible, to be raised
to 200l. a year at least.
Edenhall, with a population of about 600 and an income of 1801, ought to be raised to
250l.
The other livings in our patronage, viz.,
Appleby,
Corbridge,
Addingham,
Thursby, and
Whittingham, -
may be considered sufficiently provided for.
it will appear from the statement now made, that between 4,000l. and 5,000l. a year
will require to be spent in the augmentation of the livings in the gift of the chapter, before
the incumbents of these livings can be provided even with very moderate incomes at all
suitable for their position and many calls. The chapter property transferred to the Eccle-
siastical Commissioners, when all the leases are run out, may be supposed likely to produce
about 21,000l. a year. Of this about 7,000l. a year is reserved for the chapter. Let us
suppose that 2,000l. a year more is to be reserved for additional wants of education and
charity which may be set on foot in connexion with the chapter on the recommendation of
the Cathedral Commission. The whole sum thus required for the cathedral body the
incumbencies of which the chapter is patron, the new educational and charitable works
likely to be placed under the direction of the chapter, will be 14,000l. a year.
To this calculation ought to be added a large sum which must be given towards supplying
the spiritual wants of the parish of Saint Nicholas, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. The moiety of
the tithes of this parish, the property of the chapter, if the leases were run out, would
amount to about 1,000l. a year. The chapter has nothing to do with the patronage of this
parish, which is vested in the Bishop of Carlisle, the proprietor of the other moiety. In
this way it appears that on the whole the local demands which may legitimately be made
on the improved chapter property cannot be calculated at less than 15,000l. a year.
Probably such a sum could not be realized by any very speedy arrangements with th.
lessees; but there is every reason to believe that under the judicious management of the
Church Estates Commissioners, in whom the property is now vested, and by aid of the
ample powers which they possess, many years will not elapse before the chapter estates are
gradually increased in value, and there can be no reason for the Ecclesiastical Commis-
sioners diverting to distant objects any of the surplus which arises after the direct present
claims of the chapter are satisfied, while the additional claims of the immediate localities
from which the income arises are so pressing as I have described. The Ecclesiastical
Commission exists principally for the improvement of the inadequately paid clergy of such
livings, and there is scarcely any district which demands assistance in this respect In Ore
imperatively than our own. -
No one can have lived even for a short time in this diocese without learning how much
the spiritual interests of the inhabitants suffer from the position in which our poorly
endowed clergy are placed. If it be thought that by the scheme I have now submitted
the value of the patronage of the chapter will unduly be increased, it must be remembered
that the exercise of this patronage will soon be greatly restricted by the operation of the
Acts of Parliament recently passed, and that effectual checks will soon be placed on
members of chapters to prevent them from exercising their patronage otherwise than as
public trust.
August 28, 1854. A. C. TAIT.
EXETER.
- . - Exeter, 6 January 1855.
1. By resolution of chapter of 4th April 1854, a grant, subject to the approval of the
Ecclesiastical Commissioners, for augmentation of the vicarage of Littleham with
Exmouth, Devon, population 4,150, by 100l. a year of the rectorial rent-charge of the
parish, subject to the existing lease, expiring 25th March 1864.
2. By resolution of chapter of 28th December 1854, a grant, subject to the approval of
the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, for further augmentation of the chapelry district of
Landscove, taken out of the parish of Staverton, Devon, by substituting for the 75l. rent
out of the rectorial rent-charge of the parish, which has received the sanction of the Com-
missioners, rent-charge to the amount of 150l. a year, subject to the existing lease, which
expires in August 1861.
RALPH BARNES,
Chapter Clerk.












l - CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
HEREFOR.D.
SIR, - Deanery, Hereford, March 5, 1855.
In page 229 of the First Report of the Cathedral Commissioners, the answer of
Question 10, “Have the canons residentiary houses,” &c., does not appear to me to represent
the real state of the question as regards these houses.
There are five houses in addition to the deanery, called residentiary houses, this being
the original number of canons residentiary. One of these is attached to the bishop's
prebendary ; the others, the bishop has the power of assigning to the residentiary
members of chapter as he may think fit ; but the power to give these houses to others
than residentiaries appears to me contrary to statute, and has only been done on resi-
dentiaries declining to take them when offered.
The statutes of the cathedral give the dean and chapter power to assign a part of the income
of the residentiaries to the repair of their houses, should they not be duly kept in repair.
The houses certainly have been assigned in a few instances to others than residentiaries,
and one of them, held by a non-residentiary prebend, has been let for many years;
another, on the canon declining it a few years ago, was given to the bishop's secretary;
but in neither case is it statutable or desirable, -
Both on account of their locality, and with a view to future improvements in the
Cathedral Close, it is most important that all these houses should be vested in the dean
and chapter.
I have, &c.
The Secretary of the RICHARD DAWES.
Cathedral Commission.
- LICHFIELD.
DEAR SIR, Lichfield, October 11, 1854.
In a letter which I received from you some time ago, with a copy of the Report of
the Cathedral Commissioners, you requested to know whether the dean and chapter had
any recommendations to make relative to the annual income of any of the vicarages in
their patronage, with a view to their being augmented. I am directed to communicate to
you that the dean and chapter beg to call the attention of the Commissioners to the
vicarages of Cannock, Hope, Tideswell, and Eccleshall; the latter is in the patronage of
the Lord Bishop, but the dean and chapter possess tithes in the parish.
I am, &c.
H. Kingscote, Esq., 1, Parliament Street. CHARLES GRESLEY.
ROCHESTER,
SIR, - The Precinct, Rochester, March 9, 1855.
The list of augmentations sent here with, according to the desire of the Cathedral
Commissioners, gives the amount by which the dean and chapter consider it desirable that
the several vicarages named should be respectively augmented. In these suggestions they
have had respect to the present value of the vicarages.
They think that the augmentations should be made prospectively out of the rectorial
property, belonging, in each case, to the dean and chapter.
In two instances (those of Strood, and of a district to be formed hereafter out of
Ashford), they think it desirable that the whole of their rectorial property (viz., 94l. 158. 10d.
and 275l.) should be so applied.
In the case of Chatham, the two augmentations suggested in the accompanying list
represent only a part of what they have applied, or are in course of applying, to the
endowment of these and of two other districts, formed out of that parish. The various
sums, by which they have already endowed or desire to augment these districts, con-
siderably exceed the whole of the vicarial and rectorial property, both of which belong to
the dean and chapter. And even thus they do not supply adequate incomes to the several
incumbents.
The true method of supplying the spiritual necessities of this large parish, would be
the application to this purpose of the income of the suspended stall.
And it would be most desirable that adequate endowments should be provided for these
districts without any delay; and particularly for that of Saint John's, for which the pro-
posed endowment will not be available for the next thirteen years.
The dean and chapter would further observe, that in cases in which they augment their
vicarages to the whole extent of their rectorial property, they ought not in equity to be
liable to the charges upon that property for repairs of the chancel or other buildings.
They ought to be divested of their liabilities, if they divest themselves of the property.
They think it probable, moreover, that if the suggested deductions are made from the
rectorial properties at present in lease, several of the lessees may refuse to renew their
leases. It would seem desirable, therefore, that deans and chapters should be empowered
to augment vicarages in such cases out of other rectories. -
I am, &c. -
The Secretary of the GEORGE ESSELL,
Cathedral Commission, Chapter Clerk.





APPENDIX TO THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. 15
The LIST referred to in the foregoing letter.
Proposed
Benefice. Aºtion. | Mode.
|
Chatham, f'. s. d.
St. Mary’s - - 375 () }} From parsonage, which will be all exhausted, and other
St. John's - - 170 0 O lands.
Rochester,
St. Margaret's - 200 O O } F -
Proposed District - || 300 0 0 rom parsonage.
Strood - - 94 15 10 | From Wickham portion of tithes.
Leatherhead - 150 () O From parsonage-
Ashford,
Proposed District - 275 0 0 | From parsonage, which will be exhausted.
Haddenham - - 50 O O } Fr --Tº--
Cuddington - - 100 () () om parsonage.
Allhallows - - 25 0 0 | From parsonage.
Halling - - 100 0 0 | From parsonage.
Bearsted - - - || 70 0 0 | From parsonage.
Hartlip - - - 50 0 0 | From parsonage.
Stockbury - - 50 0 0 | From parsonage.
Rolvenden - - 150 0 0 | From parsonage.
Chart Sutton - - 80 0 0 | From parsonage.
Sutton Valence - - ||
§. East - - } 100 0 0 | From parsonage.
These suggestions with respect to augmentations are made with regard to the present
value of the vicarages.
WESTMINSTER,
The dean and chapter of Westminster acknowledge the receipt of the First Report
and appendix, printed by Her Majesty's Commissioners for “inquiring into the state of
cathedral and collegiate churches in England and Wales.”
They would premise that their observations specially apply to the Collegiate Church of
Westminster, and while they respect the considerate design of Her Majesty's Commissioners
of examining into the state, capabilities, and obligations of each chapter separately, they
respectfully express their hope that the future as well as the present case of each chapter
may be kept distinct, and that as far as possible the internal arrangements may be left to
the visitor and the dean, rather than restricted too closely, or defined too minutely by
legislation or any extraneous authority. They feel assured that such confidence will not
be misplaced, but rather tend to the more effectual promotion of those ends which are the
avowed object of Her Majesty in the constitution of this commission.
If therefore Her Majesty's Commissioners are of opinion that it is desirable that hereafter
the canons of Westminster should be required to undertake certain defined duties apart
from and in addition to those imposed upon them by custom and statute, the dean and
chapter earnestly and respectfully entreat that full consideration may be given to the
question of attaching important benefices to canonries in all its effects and bearings as well
upon the collegiate church in particular, as upon the interests of the church at large, before
any extension of the plan be recommended for adoption. They are themselves convinced,
that notwithstanding some benefit might accrue to the particular parish concerned, great
and serious evil would follow to the Church of England, by depriving her of those advan-
tages which may be expected from the literary and theological attainments of those to
whom leisure is afforded to apply their talents in defence of the Gospel, and in maintenance
of the doctrines and discipline of this reformed branch of the Church of Christ. If important
duties or literary labours are hereafter required of the canons of Westminster, it will be
impossible for them duly to discharge parochial functions of an absorbing kind ; and if
parochial responsibilities are imposed upon them the services of the collegiate church
must suffer, and the benefits to be anticipated from the selection of learned men will be
sacrificed.
If it were now an undecided question of how many canons the chapter should consist,
the dean and chapter would recommend that not less than eight should be retained, so as
to insure the constant residence of at least two with the dean (or sub-dean in his absence),
and to provide for casualties, infirmity, and decay.
The dean and chapter of Westminster are deeply sensible of the great importance of
maintaining the choral service in a manner becoming its sacred character and the noble
edifice in which it is celebrated, and the appreciation of it is manifested by the crowded
congregations every Sunday, little, if at all, short of 2,000.
The dean and chapter have established a school for the education of the choristers. It
would be a great advantage to the choristers and to the church, if premises were appro-
priated to their occupation, and funds applied to their maintenance during their connexion
with the collegiate church. -->
I 4




16 CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
They avail themselves of this opportunity of explaining to Her Majesty's Commissioners
how the “Grammar School” first designed for the sons of poor parents, has become a
public school of the highest class, and has been the means of accomplishing the general
design of a collegiate foundation; by supplying important offices in Church and State with
men of the greatest learning and highest attainments, as the records of the college will
testify. If in some respects the eleemosynary character of the school has been departed
from, the position which it has attained in public estimation in consequence of the change
would appear not only a compensation, but a sufficient justification. That Her Majesty's
Commissioners may more clearly understand the circumstances under which the relaxation
of the first design appears to have been authorized and subsequently confirmed, the
subjoined statement is offered.
Å reference to the statutes will show that when Queen Elizabeth ordered them to be
prepared, she designed the school for the sons of poor parents, that the number of scholars
was to be limited to 120, that the nomination of a greater portion of them was vested in
the dean and prebendaries, the head and under master of the school, that a preference was
to be given to the sons of tenants under the collegiate church, together with other
restrictions of personal and local character; and that certain menial duties were to be
required of those admitted to the Royal foundation. It is recorded that the master and
fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge, for a time resisted the election of scholars imposed
upon them, but it appears that their objections were soon removed; that the preference of
the sons of poor parents, or of the sons of tenants of the college estates, and the exclusion
of the eldest sons of men of property were not insisted on, that the patronage of the dean,
prebendaries, and masters was not generally exercised, that masters of superior attainments
were induced to accept the appointment, that the restriction of the school to the limit of
120 was disregarded (at one time it exceeded 400), and that the school rapidly rose to the
highest rank among the public schools of England. It appears also, that in very early
times when the sons of the aristocrary and gentry of England competed for the benefits of
the foundation, the income of the master was raised by fees from the scholars, so that the
office became one, not only of honour, but of emolument.
The dean and chapter are not able to state precisely when these changes commenced,
nor by whose authºrity they were first sanctioned (early documents of this description having
been seized at the Rebellion, and never recovered), but there is sufficient evidence to show
that the statutes and restrictions were not in force in respect to these matters within very
few years of their publication.
Considering the interest with which this college was ever regarded by the Sovereigns of
this kingdom, and especially by Queen Elizabeth, it can hardly be doubted that the success
of the institution, and the emulation to obtain the benefits of the Royal foundation soon led
to the authorized relaxation of so much of the restrictions as would have hindered the
elevation of the school into the position it subsequently occupied ; and that either
Queen Elizabeth or King James I. exercised the visitorial power to confirm the changes
so soon adopted.
More recent documents show the interest which the Sovereigns continued to feel in the
welfare of this collegiate school, and the exercise of their visitorial power for the improve-
ment of the college. King George I, was induced to promote increased accommodation
for the King's scholars, towards which His Majesty contributed 1,000l., the Prince of
Wales 500l., and the Parliament voted 1,200. Still, however, the King's scholars were not
relieved from the menial offices required by statutes, and the comforts and conveniences to
which the sons of families of the higher grade were accustomed were not found in college.
Hence they relieved themselves of the former by hiring servants to discharge them, and
they sought the latter in the houses of the dames connected with the school for the
advantages of which they paid. Thus the expense of a boy was equally great whether
on the foundation or not. -
On the appointment of the present dean (Dr. Buckland), his attention was immediately
directed to this subject, and to remove the inconveniences and reduce the expense was his
first care. He appealed to the Crown, as visitor, through Her Majesty's prime minister,
the late Sir Robert Peel, by whose direction he prepared a scheme by which the comforts
and conveniences formerly sought in the dames' house might be provided within the college,
and servants subject to college authority appointed at fixed wages, to discharge the menial
offices imposed by the statutes upon the Queen's scholars. Of this scheme Her Majesty
was graciously pleased, through the same channel, to signify her approval, and gave
directions that a gift of 800l. towards the additional buildings required should be made.
Contributions were also added by many friends of Westminster school, and the buildings
so erected were fitted up and furnished by the dean and chapter, who at the same time
introduced many improvements of the commons in hall.
The guarantee given by the dean that the expense to each boy should be reduced below
45l., has been fully redeemed (the present cost not exceeding 40/.), and many expensive
alterations in the school have likewise been effected by the dean and chapter, equally
beneficial to all.
The dean and chapter will be happy to supply any further information in their power
which Her Majesty's Commissioners may require,
They enclose here with “a statement of those vicarages where the chapter have the
* rectorial tithe or glebe, which they think should be augmented from the capitular property,
“ specifying also the mode and manner of endowment which they would propose.” They


APPENDIX TO THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. 17
have included therein certain new churches within the parishes of Saint Margaret's and
Saint John’s, Westminster, to the erection of which, as being on or adjoining their property,
they have largely contributed, although the patronage is not vested in them. They have
brought the case of these churches under the notice of Her Majesty's Commissioners, from
a sense of the claim which they present for endowment from the proceeds of the suspended
canonries of the collegiate church by virtue of their local position, of their inadequate
endowment, of the poverty of the districts assigned to them, of their connexion with
parishes once in the patronage of the dean and chapter, and of the large revenues of the
collegiate church derived from estates within their respective districts.
The dean and chapter could prove to Her Majesty's Commissioners that their sense of
these claims has not been awakened by their appeal, and that they were ready to make very
considerable sacrifice to effect so important and desirable an object ; but that their proposals
were rejected by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England.
They cannot but hope, either that the Ecclesiastical Commissioners willof their own accord
reconsider the question, or that it will find such sympathy in Her Majesty's Commissioners
as to lead to the application of the proceeds of one suspended canonry, at the least, to the
endowment of these new churches.
J. THYNNE, Subdean,
for the Dean and Chapter of Westminster.
The following vicarages, perpetual curacies, and incumbencies, are either in the patronage
of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, or in districts in which the collegiate estates are
situated. -
It is submitted as desirable that the value of each benefice should ultimately be completed
to the amount set down in the third column. -
The dean and chapter are of opinion that it is preferable that whatever augmentations
are decided on, should be made by special grants out of the funds assigned to the
Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England and Wales out of the deanery, canonries, and
suspended canonries of this collegiate church, because in some of the districts there is no
tithe rent-charge, and in others the rectorial tithe and glebe are on lease. The funds
derived by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners are large, and it seems but reasonable that in
the disposal of such funds the claims of property should have preference.
-- Name. Population. Value.
£
Christ Church - - - - - - 6,921 400
All Saints }. St. Margaret, Westminster - - - 5,905 150%
St. Andrew - - - - - - 5,000 300%
St. Mary - - - - - - 9,267 400
St. Stephen in St. John’s, - - - - 6,337 350
St. Matthew Westminster - - - - 7,580 400
Holy Trinity - - - - - - 4,519 300%
Eckington - - - - - - 755 300
Castlemorton in Longdon - - - - - 852. 300
Mathon - - - - - - - 469 300
Mathon St. James - - - - - 688 200%
Defford and Besford in - - - 638 250
Pinvin and Bucklehampton } Pershore - - - 386 200
Chaddleworth - - - - - - 513 300
Steventon - - - - - - - 978 30 f
Goosey, in Stanford-in-the-Vale - - - - 176 150
South Benfieet - - - - - 570 300
Maldon St. Mary - - - - - - 1,248 350
Basingbourne - - - - - - 2,148 400
Alconbury - - - - - - 967 35
Godmanchester - - - - --, - 2,337 | 400
Otford - - - - - - - 357 250
Hinckley - - - - - - 4,011 400
Stoke Golding - - - - - - 661
and }. Hinckley - - - - I - | 250
Dadlington - - - -- - 212
* In these districts some additional revenues are derived from pew rents. f And glebe.
It is very important that the benefice of Hinckley should be divided, and revenues
re-apportioned and augmented. The dean and chapter have hitherto in vain tried to induce
the incumbent to agree to their proposition to that effect.
J. THYNNE, Subdean.
SOUTHWELL,
Residence House, Southwell,
- July 24, 1854.
I BEG to acknowledge the receipt of the “First Report" of the Cathedral Commis-
With respect to the benefices formerly in the chapter patronage, knowing the value
K
SIR,
sion,


i8 CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
and circumstances of each benefice from my archidiaconal intercourse with them, I will
venture to state what additional augmentation each one requires.
Barnby or Barnoldby-in-the-Willows, V. Notts, value about 200l., requires a house,
garden, and field.
Bleasby-cum-Morton, W. Notts, value about 1701, requires 701, additional income,
and there is a rent charge on the latter to that amount in the hands of the
Ecclesiastical Commissioners.
Caunton W. Notts, value 170l., requires a house, field, and 801. additional.
Edingley, P. C. Notts, value 60l., requires a house and field, with 80l. additional.
Farnsfield, W. Notts, value 250l. a house, field, and 50l. additional.
Halam, P. C. Notts, value 100l., a house, field, and 50l. -
Kirklington, P. C. Notts, value 60l., a house, field, and 100l.
Kneesal-cum-Boughton, W. Notts, value 100l., 100l. additional income.
Rollestone, R. Notts, value 246l., 50l.
Upton, W. Notts, value 100l., a field and 100l.
Barnoldby Lebeck, W. Lincolnshire, 240l., requires a field.
Brigsby, P. C. Lincolnshire, value 55l., a house, garden, and 100l.
Wheatley, South Notts, value 140l., a house and garden.
I may further remark, that to the portion of the Bishop of Lincoln's letter, inserted at
page xvii. of the “Report,” in which after expressing his desire that Nottingham should be
erected into a separate diocese, and that the endowment of such a see could be provided
from the episcopal estates of Lincoln and Southwell, this circumstance might be added :--
That the late Archbishop of York (Vernon Harcourt) repeatedly stated his readiness to
make an immediate transfer of the property in and about Southwell belonging to his see,
and from which he derived between two and three thousand per annum, for the purpose of
endowing a see at Southwell to the relief of his own at York, and that at this time that
transfer of property has been made to the augmentation of the episcopal estates fund under
the Ecclesiastical Commissioners; and I may further add, that a Roman Catholic Bishop has
recently been appointed to Nottingham.
I am, &c.
To the Secretary GEORGE WILKINS, D.D.
of the Cathedral Commission, Canon Residentiary.
&c. &c.
-
SUGGESTIONS with respect to RESIDENCE of CANONS,
1. By BiSHOPS.
Bishop of Ea'eter. —“I greatly approve the plan which has been announced or suggested,
of requiring future deans and canons to hold their cathedral preferments alone, or with
cure of souls in the cathedral city, and to make their residence accordingly, except the
“ case of archdeacons.”
Bishop of Hereford.—“As to residence, it is to be hoped that in future residence will
be the practice, and non-residence the exception, in the case of the canons as well as of
“ dean. But instead of laying down any very stringent rules on the subject, except that
a majority or a certain number of the chapter should constantly be in attendance on the
“ cathedral, I would leave them to regulate this by arrangement among themselves for
“ their mutual convenience.” -
Bishop of Lichfield.—“ In respect to the residence of deans and canons, I would beg to
“ suggest, that while the term of residence now required from deans, eight months in the
“ year, may be deemed sufficient, though I do not see why it should not be extended to
“ nine months, future canons should be required to reside in their cathedral houses nine
“ months in each year, in order that they may discharge whatever duties may be assigned
“ to them, with such a continuity as belongs to the parochial clergyman's work. Little
“ good, comparatively, could be done by a canon, as such, during a residence of three
“ months, followed by a non-residence of nine. The number of canons belonging to each
“ cathedral is thus virtually reduced from four to one.”
The Bishop of Llandaff concurs in the suggestion of his chapter, that two of the four
canons should be constantly resident, taking the spiritual charge of Llandaff and the
hamlets, the other two canons being archdeacons, and taking some part of the cathedral
services for a portion of the year.
The late Bishop of Salisbury gave his approval to the suggestions of the chapter, which
proposed the constant residence of the canons.
The present Bishop of Salisbury; –“ All these principles have, indeed, their own proper
place in the work of a cathedral system, but two of them are of special importance as
“ being those on which the others depend—viz., the constant residence of the dean and canons,
“ and the discharge of their proper functions by the members of the large chapter, which
consists not only of the canons residentiary, but also of the other dignitaries and
prebendaries who have not been called into residence.
* So satisfied am I that the state of cathedrals will not be reformed unless constant
residence be required, that I would, if it were necessary to do so, make a very great
sacrifice of endowments to secure this all-important regulation. Cathedrals are, at
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APPENDIX TO THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. - 19
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present, confessedly the weakest instead of the strongest part of our church ; and I am
persuaded, that even if the best parish priests were appointed to the stalls, and not
required to reside constantly at their cathedrals in the discharge of definite duties, the
cathedrals so served would not only fail of being what they ought to be, the very hearts
and centres of all that is good, and the greatest aids in their own especial work to the
whole parochial system, but would still be the same objects of rebuke and causes of
weakness, which they have been for so many years, and in spite of the great alterations
made in them in 1840.
“ I could mention a cathedral where the patronage has been, I admit, exercised with
the clear view of appointing good men ; and certainly, if canonies are simple rewards
for hard work and service, they have been, in the case I allude to, well bestowed : but
such appointments have done nothing for the cathedral itself—the cathedral, as a
cathedral, is still all but valueless—and it has not drawn around it, as it ought to have
done, the sympathy of either the rich or the poor—the learned or unlearned members of
our church.
“And such a result seems to me natural. Let deans and canons be the best of men,
yet, if they have parishes, their hearts will be probably in the duties of their cure of
Souls, and the three months' residence at the cathedral will have passed away before they
have undertaken any real, definite work, and of course any continued engagement in
such works as specially belong to cathedrals, is absolutely impossible.
“Such being my conviction about the present state of cathedrals, being persuaded that
our church suffers great damage and loss from the use of cathedral patronage, either as
a means of eking out the small incomes of ill-paid parish priests, or of rewarding good
but well-endowed parish priests with additional preferment, I feel it is a most solemn
duty on my part, earnestly to recommend you not to be content with any measure
which does not require the constant residence of the dean and canons; and as I consider
that some of the most vital interests of our holy religion are bound up with a healthy,
vigorous, cathedral system, I need hardly assure you, that I shall do my utmost to obtain
for the dean and canons of Salisbury the power of giving effect to that wise scheme of
reform, which provides, to some extent at least, an answer to the questions, “What is
the use of a cathedral? What is the work and duty of a canon 2 °
2. By Deams and Chapters.
Dean of Bristol (App. p. 602.)—“My own impression is, that the residence of the
canons for very short and disjointed periods at the cathedral, coupled with the permission
to hold preferment at any distance from it, has acted most injuriously upon the interests
of the cathedral in every possible relation, and has interfered with that character which
the statutes of the cathedral appear formed to impress upon the chapters. The
consequence of the present state of the law can scarcely be otherwise than that there
shall be no continuous uniform interest in, or superintendence of, the various matters
connected with the cathedral, &c. &c. Very many evils will be wholly untouched
So long as each individual canºn be not induced, and be not enabled by constant
residence at no great distance from the cathedral, to take a personal interest in all
that concerns it, whether in the maintenance of the fabric or the efficiency of the
services, or the influence it should have on the institutions of the city, or the aid which
it should bestow on those of the diocese. Bind the members of the chapter by
compulsory residence to the neighbourhood of the cathedral, and the chapter will
become something more than a mere name. It will be quite impossible that so many
persons charged with one common responsibility shall be in frequent and joint commu-
nication with each other, and the demands of the interests committed to their charge
be not more justly appreciated and more readily met than they now are. When the
canons are thus brought into connexion with the cathedral continuously, and not for
short periods recurring at long intervals, it is but natural to expect that there shall be
elicited greater attachment towards it and its institutions than now exists, greater pride
in its gºod condition, more earnest endeavours that its services shall conduce to the benefit
of man, while they are meant to honour God,” &c. &c.
The Chapter of Ely.—“The statutes now inforce impose upon the dean and canons Very
few onerous or responsible duties. The residence required by them is extremely short;
they have no duties which connect them with the diocese, with public education, or
with the administration of the affairs of the Church; the cathedral city is not
generally their home, and when their residence is concluded they have little further
concern with it.
“The Statutes of Elizabeth contemplated the chapter as a body of grave and learned
men, quiadeſcem plum primitive eccleside loco presbyterii episcopoim omnibus gravioribus
causis adesse possini; and the same view of the constitution and objects of this and
similar bodies has been taken by many of the greatest of our older lawyers and divines.
Unfortunately, however, the connexion of the chapter (by the laws now in force and the
practice which prevails) is of the slightest possible kind.”
In cºnfºrmity with these views they have submitted to their visitor some proposals for
annexing specific duties to all future canons.
numerous charities in the city, require the presence of two canons.
The Chapter of Eveter urge that the duties of the cathedral, and the superintendence of
App. p. 179.
App. p. 180.
App. p. 185.



























K 2
20 CATHEDRAL COMMISSION :
App. p. 606.
App. p. 609.
App. p. 612.
App. p. 605.
The Chapter of Lichfield propose duties for all the four canons, wishing in every case
permanent residence.
The Chapter of Llandaff suggest the constant residence of two canons.
The Chapter of Salisbury proposes that every canon shall be resident for nine months,
each having separate and definite duties.
The Chapter of Wells suggest that two of the canons should be invested with cure of
souls in the city, and that the other two canonries should be left free, as the means of
enabling the bishops to reward learned men, or those “who after along and faithful discharge
of parochial duties need repose in declining years.”
LETTER from the BISHOP of EXETER.
The following letter has been received from the Bishop of Exeter, respecting the proposed
bishopric of Saint Columb, and theological college in connexion with the cathedral and
chapter of Exeter:
17, Albemarle Street, 24th April 1855.
The Bishop of Exeter begs leave respectfully to submit an offer to the Cathedral Com-
missioners on each of two particulars connected with the subject to which their inquiries
are directed.
I.—Bishop of St. Columb.
He has heard that the Commissioners have contemplated an application to Her Majesty,
that she will be graciously pleased to issue a Queen's letter, empowering the Bishop of
Exeter to collect throughout his diocese voluntary contributions towards a fund in aid.
of the endowment of the new see.
The bishop feels it his duty to state to the Commissioners that he is fully convinced
that such a measure would fail of producing any tolerably satisfactory result. But he has
pleasure in adding, that, if it be abandoned, he will himself contribute, during his incum-
bency, five hundred pounds per annum, as an increase of the temporary income of the new
bishop.
ºn, also pleasure in saying, that having already made arrangements with the Estate
Committee, for transferring to them the interest of the bishop in almost all the property
belonging to the see of Exeter, within the county of Cornwall, and having been prevented,
by temporary obstacles only, from making a similar transfer of what remains, he looks
forward to the facility which will thus be given, after a not very long period, of such
improvement of the episcopal property in that county as will make it of itself an adequate
endowment of the Bishop of St. Columb.
II—Theological College in connexion with the Cathedral and Chapter of Exeter,
The bishop is so confident of the great benefit to the Church in general, as well as to his
own diocese in particular, which may be hoped, with God’s blessing, to result from such
an institution at Exeter, that he begs leave to offer the sum of two thousand five hundred
pounds (one thousand pounds of which is placed at his disposal by a generous churchman,
who desires that his name be not mentioned), for fitting up one of the old ecclesiastical houses
in the close, now in the possession of the dean and chapter, for the purposes of the intended
institution, if a canonry shall be annexed to the office of warden of the college,
The bishop would propose, that the nomination of the warden should rest with the bishop
for the time being, who shall state the grounds of the nomination so made to the chapter,
who shall have a veto on the nomination, giving their reasons for exercising such veto
privately, in the first instance, to the bishop, and, if the bishop does not acquiesce, the
validity of the alleged reasons shall finally be determined by two bishops and one dean,
to be named for that purpose by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners.
The bishop would further propose that the scheme for conducting the college be arranged
on consultation between the bishop and chapter ; and if, on such consultation, they do
not agree, that the matter in difference be referred to the final decision of two bishops and
one dean, to be named by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners.
- H. ExETER.
CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD.
ANSWERs from the DEAN and CHAPTER of CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD, to the Series of
Questions submitted through the Secretary to the Cathedral Commission on the 7th of
March 1855.
The Dean and Chapter of Christ Church have received a communication from the
Cathedral Commissioners, through their secretary, containing a Series of questions, to
which they are requested to reply as early as possible. . . -
They must begin by observing that they have already in their letters and memorials
under date of April 14, May 26, and November 10, 1853, and of February 13, 1854,
returned answers, either directly or virtually, to most or all of these questions.







APPENDIX TO THIRD AND FINAL REPORT. 2I
As to the first question, “Whether the Bishop of Oxford should not have the same
“ power, place, and precedence within the cathedral as are possessed by other bishops in
“ their cathedrals” they believe that the Bishop of Oxford has the same place and
precedence within the cathedral as are enjoyed by the generality of bishops in other
cathedrals. He has his throne there, in the same position as in other cathedrals. But as
to power, it has been shown in the above mentioned memorial that the foundation charter
of the see of Oxford does not convey to the bishop ordinary and episcopal jurisdiction
within the cathedral church of Christ in Oxford. The dean and chapter therefore
consider that to grant the bishop any power which the founder of the see and the college
thought not fit to grant him, would be a direct violation of the fundamental principle on
which both the see and the college were erected.
2. As to the second question, “Whether another canonry should not, if possible, be in
“ the gift of the Bishop º' they would observe, that the Crown has already diminished the
patronage expressly reserved by the royal founder, by attaching one stall to the Margaret
professorship, the holder of which is elected by a portion of the University, and another to
the Archdeaconry of Oxford. To the latter annexation the dean and chapter urged no
objection, as at that time the patronage of the Bishop of Oxford was scanty, and there
still remained two stalls unappropriated to university professorships, which they hoped
would always be filled up by the Crown with persons competent, by previous acquaintance
with the affairs of the society, to discharge the college functions of sub-dean and treasurer.
They think, therefore, that placing a second canonry in the nomination of the bishop would
be injurious to the college as an educational institution, and therefore contrary to the main
object of the foundation. -
3. As to the third question, “Whether the leading clergy of the diocese might not be
“ more connected with the cathedral, as elsewhere, through non-residentiary canonries 3 °
they have to remark, that the subject of honorary canonries was maturely considered in the
years 1842 and 1843, and the case of Christ Church, as distinct and differing from that of
all other churches of the new foundation, having been fully examined, it was finally deter-
mined by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners that honorary canons could not be introduced
into Christ Church ; and the Order in Council of May 23, 1844, was promulgated ac-
cordingly. In truth, the admission of honorary canons would have affected the academical
character of the society, and disturbed the order of its foundationers, even if space could
have been found for them. But, in point of fact, no reconstruction of the choir for the
admission of honorary canonries could be effected without materially impairing its use as
a college chapel. - -
4. As to the fourth question, “Whether the bishop should not have either apartments
or a residence allotted to him in the close ?” they reply, that so far from the founder
having ever contemplated the residence of the Bishop of Oxford within the walls of his
college (for there is no close), he expressly assigned to the bishop and his successors for
their palace Gloucester Hall, in the suburbs of Oxford; and if this residence be now lost
to the bishop, it is not incumbent on the dean and chapter to provide his Lordship with
another dwelling. Besides, the dean and chapter have no lodgings at their disposal, the
houses and rooms being the property of individual members of the foundation, or else
devoted to collegiate purposes. And it may be added, that as the families of all who live
in Christ Church are under the general regulations of the college, and amenable to the
authority of the dean, it might tend to an interference with such regulations, and to
a lowering of that authority, if the bishop occupied lodgings within the walls.
5. As to the fifth question, “Whether the bishop should not possess the same power
“ with all other bishops, of summoning either the greater or lesser chapter to advise him *
they would submit, that the bishop has archdeacons and rural deans, with whom to consult
upon all matters connected with his diocese, who from their local knowledge are more
competent to assist him in this behalf than the dean and chapter whose character and
functions are almost entirely academical, and who ought not to be charged with other
duties than those contemplated by their founder.
6. As to the sixth question, " Whether a sermon should be preached in the nave of the
“ cathedral at half after 3 o'clock, p.m., every Sunday, as fixed by rota of canons resi-
* dentiary and non-residentiary 2” they must observe, that such a sermon is wholly
unnecessary. The hearers would be the same with those who have heard, or may have
heard, a discourse preached at St. Mary's just before. The university sermon is seldom
over before 3 p.m., and the afternoon service at Christ Church begins at 4 p.m. The
interval, therefore, is much too short for a third sermon, even if it were at all necessary.
It must also be borne in mind that the cathedral is not a parish church, but to all intents
and purposes a college chapel, and its usual hours of divine worship could not be altered
without the greatest inconvenience.
In conclusion, the dean and chapter would humbly submit to Her Majesty's Commis-
sioners that it would be highly inexpedient to disturb the essential relations between the
Crown, the Bishop of Oxford, and the chapter of Christ Church. They rest on the
original foundation of the see and college, and have remained inviolate for above 300 years.
Any departure from the usages which have grown out of those relations would endanger
the wellbeing of the college, and affect its position in the university. The constitution of
the society has ever been an anomaly, notwithstanding which the object of the founder,
as set forth in his letters patent already quoted, has been completely attained. In the
- K



22
CATHEDRAL COMMISSION:
judgment of the dean and chapter, it is far better to admit the anomaly as it exists, than
to attempt removing it in part (for it never could be wholly removed), at the great hazard
of introducing new elements of doubt, dissatisfaction, and confusion.
Christ Church, 23d March 1855.
T. GAISFORD, Dean,
CHARLES C. CLERKE, Subdean,
FREDERICK BARNES, Canon,
EDWARD BOUVERIE PUSEY, Canon,
R. W. JELF, Canon,
JOHN BULL, Canon,
WILLIAM JACOBSON, Canon,
CHARLES A, OGILVIE, Canon,
C. A. HEURTLEY, Canon,
TABLE of MEMORIALS, PETITIONS, and LETTERS addressed to this Commission since the
First Report, classified according to the subjects to which they refer.
No. Name of Memorialist or Correspondent. Subject of Memorial or Correspondence.
I | Ely, The very Rev. the Dean of, on behalf Appropriation of stalls in the cathedral of
of the chapter of Ely. Ely.
2 Do. Do. Do. - - || Suggesting an amendment in the law as
may give power to the Ecclesiastical
Commissioners to authorize the transfer
of capital stock to the building of
parsonage houses. -
3 || Walker, Rev. Dr., Saint Columb Major. - || Offering the advowson of Saint Columb
Major to found a bishopric for Cornwall.
4 Excter, the Lord Bishop of. Respecting Dr. Walker's offer.
5
-ſ
r
6
7
10
11
7
i
H
8
Clergy of the Deanery of Powder. - -
Clergy of the Deanery of Pydar. - -
Clergy of the Deanery of East. - -
The Dean Rural and Clergy of the Deanery
of West. - - - - -
The Archdeacon and Archdeaconry of
Cornwall. - - -
Clergy of the Deanery of Kerrier. - -
Truro, inhabitants of. - - -
Pugh, Rev. Enoch, Abergwili. - -
Powell, Rev. H., Llanllawddog and Llan-
pumpsaint. - - - -
Harrison, Rev. William, Chester. - -
Crossman, Rev. T., Durham. - -
Davies, Rev. W. R., Knighton-on-Teame -
Hanbury, Rev. John, St. John's vicarage,
Hereford. - - - -
Macray, Rev. W. D., Christ Church,
Oxford.
Codd, Rev. E. F., Cotes Heath Parsonage,
Stone.
“Benedicat Deus.” - - -
Jefferson, Rev. J. D., Thicket priory, York.
Peterborough, the very Rev. the Dean of,
Do. • Do. - - -
Rodgers, Thomas, Esq., solicitor, Furni-
val's Inn.
Powis, the Right Hon. the Earl of. -
Brown, Rev. Thomas, Chichester. -
Hooper, Rev. W. Nixon, Winchester. -
Smith, Mr. G. Townshend, Hereford. -
Fife, Sir John, Newcastle-on-Tyne. -
|
Praying for the establishment of a bishopric
in Cornwall.
Copy of a memorial to the Queen for estab-
lishing a bishopric in Cornwall.
*
Incumbents of parishes connected with
cathedrals asking for augmentations.
Return of the minor canons of Christ
Church, Oxford, to the commissioners’
original queries.
Forwarding pamphlet on diocesan theolo-
gical schools. -
Reasons for the subdivision of dioceses,
&c. &c., with special reference to the
county of Suffolk.
Respecting oaths administered to the canons
of York, and the fees paid thereon.
Reply to questions submitted by the com-
missioners.
Reply to questions submitted respecting
honorary lay clerks.
Statement and papers respecting Steeple
Bumpsted and Halstead parishes. -
Position of the deaneries of Saint Asaph
and Bangor. -
Annexation of tithe rentcharge by the dean
and chapter to Saint Paul’s, Chichester,
and respecting the non-observance of
Bishop Sherburne’s statutes. -
Enclosing copy of answers originally re-
turned to the commissioners’ queries.
Statement respecting the insufficient sala-
ries of cathedral and collegiate organists.
Scheme for a proposed bishopric within the
county of Northumberland.










APPENDIX TO THIRB-A-NH)—FTNATREPORT.
No.
Name of Memorialist or Correspondent.
Subject of Memorial or Correspondence.
19
21
2
2
Coxe, Venerable Archdeacon, Alnwick. -
Atthill, Rev. Richard, Deanery, Middleham.
Exeter, Chapter clerk of, - -
Wells, Archdeacons and Prebendaries of
the cathedral church of St. Andrew.
Copy of resolutions passed at a meeting of
gentry and clergy resident within the
archdeaconry of Lindisfarne, recom-
mending that the county of Northum-
berland be constituted a distinct see.
Scheme for giving greater efficiency to the
working of the church in populous
towns, and the more remote districts of
the country.
Enclosing copy of the answer originally
transmitted by the chapter in reply to
the bishop's remarks of the 9th August,
1853.
Suggesting that the profits of a suspended
canonry should be set apart as a remu-
neration to the non-residentiary preben-
daries for expenses incurred in taking
their preaching turns.



I, O N DO N :
E. Eyrº and WILLIAM Spottiswoopº,
ellent Majesty.
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Printers to the Queen's most Exc
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