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UNIVERSITY OF №ſſGAN
LIBRARIES
MAY 2 2 2003
DEPOSITED BY
UNİTED STATES OF A™ÁFRICA
-------

WELCOME
urs is a rich and productive 80-year heritage. We opened our doors to
NRL in 1923, after the famous inventor Thomas Edison recommended
that a “modern research facility for the Navy” be established. In 1963, NRL
was first designated the Navy’s “Corporate Research and Development
Laboratory.” Today we continue to perform research, extending scientific
and technical knowledge necessary to support a modern Navy and Marine
Corps leading to future naval materials, components, sensors, and systems.
Since its establishment, NRL has been involved in nearly every area of
science and technology needed to help the Navy attain the advantage over
potential adversaries.
First and foremost, we are people, about 2950, including over 730
PhDs, a Nobel Laureate, and many aspirants. These people are a national
trust in the truest sense. -
Our scientists, engineers, and support personnel work in a campus-like
atmosphere that encourages interdisciplinary projects and studies. We pride
ourselves on our corporate approach to meeting Navy and Marine Corps
challenges. We strive to reward in many ways in addition to salary.
Synergism abounds as one of our major strengths. While publications,
patents, and licenses are important to recognize the accomplishments of
our work, our primary mission is support of Fleet and Marine Corps
operations with the fruits of first principles research and cutting edge
technology.
The Laboratory is as vital and innovative today as ever. For people
who place a high value on scientific and technical contributions and who
put a premium on technical excellence, this is a superb place to work.
Our goal is to continue to create a nurturing climate for inventiveness
and productivity that supports the needs of the Naval services and our
Ination.
CAPT David M. Schubert, USN
Commanding Officer
Dr. John A. Montgomery
Director of Research

he Naval Research Laboratory’s mission is to conduct a broadly based
multidisciplinary program of scientific research and advanced technological
development directed toward maritime applications of new and improved materi-
als, techniques, and equipment; systems; ocean, atmospheric, and space sciences,
and related technologies. This includes
• providing primary in-house research for the physical, engineering, space,
and environmental sciences
• providing broadly based exploratory and advanced development programs
in response to identified and anticipated Navy and Marine Corps needs
• providing broad multidisciplinary support to the Naval Warfare Centers
• providing space and space systems technology development and support,
and
• assuming responsibility as the Navy’s Corporate Laboratory.


he Naval Research Laboratory opened its
doors in 1923, seven years after it was first
proposed in discussions between Secretary of
the Navy Josephus Daniels and inventor
Thomas A. Edison. The new laboratory boasted
two divisions, Radio and Sound. Research
divisions in Heat and Light (later Optics),
Physical Metallurgy, Chemistry, and Mechan-
ics and Electricity soon followed. Early
research achievements included the discovery
and explanation of radio skip distance; the
development of the fathometer and early sonar;
and the development of the first operational
American radar, in time for use in World War
II.
The postwar era was a time of great expan-
sion for NRL. The Laboratory continued and
added to its prewar research program in radio,
radar, underwater sound, chemistry, metallurgy,
and optics. However, it also added new
research areas in nuclear Science and cosmic
rays; in upper atmosphere research, using V-2
and successor rockets; in radio astronomy; in
electron and X-ray diffraction analysis of
molecular structures; and in enhanced programs
in antisubmarine warfare, electronic counter-
measures, surface chemistry, Solar physics, and
In OTC.
The Laboratory's Vanguard rocket project
was possibly its most famous postwar R&D
program. Laboratory Scientists have designed,
built, and launched more than 85 satellites since
the late 1950s.
In the oceans, NRL's Ocean Engineering
Branch, working with the Navy’s Deep Submer-
gence Project Office, acquired a worldwide
reputation for searching the ocean’s abyssal
depths.
NRL's Laboratory for the Structure of Matter
has become internationally famous for its
pioneering work in using electron and X-ray
diffraction methods for understanding the
structure of complicated organic molecules. The
Laboratory’s Dr. Jerome Karle received the
1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in
this regard.
The Laboratory’s current research program
spans the Scientific spectrum, including studies
in topics as diverse as monitoring the solar
corona and its impact on the Earth’s atmo-
sphere, biomolecular engineering, artificial
intelligence, remote sensing, the oceanic
climate, virtual reality, Superconductivity, and
nanoscience. Indeed, with 80 years of growth
and development, NRL shines as the Navy’s
corporate laboratory and as one of the Federal
Government’s leading in-house centers for
innovative research in the national interest.
Dr. E.O. Hulburt, first NRL
Director of Research

First photo transmitted
| via the Communication
Moon Relay (CMR),
1960. Shown is the
USS Hancock.
History
First meeting of the Naval Consulting Board, 1915. Front row
center is Thomas A. Edison and to his right is the Secretary of
the Navy, Josephus Daniels.



FACILITIES
n support of its diverse programs, NRL has an
impressive array of modern tools for research,
many of which are unique. A sampling is listed below.
• Computational Meta Facility (CMF) consisting of
scalable, massively parallel-shared memory architec-
tures accessible by remote access:
– Silicon Graphics Origin 2000
— Hewlett Packard Exemplar
— Sun Microsystems HPC Wildfire
• ATDnet Washington area POP. . . high
performance, multigigabit optical DWDM
StreamS
Human-Computer-Interaction Laboratory
Radar Cross Section Prediction facility
Artificial Intelligence Center
Central Target Simulation facility
Versatile facilities for high magnetic field and
cryogenics research -
• Variety of GaAs and solid-state lasers, including
devices of very high power and brightness
• Nanoelectronics processing facility
• Nike krypton-fluoride 5 kilojoule laser
• Spacecraft fabrication, assembly, and test
facilities
— Radio frequency anechoic chambers and
controls
— Shock and vibration
– Thermal vacuum and acoustic reverbera-
tion chambers
Satellite telemetry, tracking, and control
facilities
Infrared “anechoic” chamber
Acoustic holography pool facility
Mode stirred chamber for creating intense
electromagnetic testing environments
Virtual reality grotto workbenches and
interaction laboratory
Advanced distributed simulation center with
HPC and ATM network
Table-top-terrawatt (T3) laser
Large-volume space chamber
Laboratory for advanced material synthesis
Molecular Beam Epitaxy Center for advanced
electronic devices
Nano Institute facilities
Trace element mass spectrometer
Matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation system
Microwave processing facility
Rail gun system
Space chamber
Laboratory for Structural Acoustics
Naval prototype optical interferometer
Ocean dynamics and prediction network
Electron microscopy center
Satellite Data Ingest and Processing System
Space instrument test facility
NRL–Stennis Space Center (Bay St. Louis,
Mississippi) and NRL–Monterey (California) perform
R&D in marine geology and geophysics, oceanogra-
phy, and atmospheric sciences. Other NRL locations
include the Chesapeake Bay Detachment in Chesa-
peake Beach, Maryland; two smaller Maryland sites,
Pomonkey and Tilghman Island; and the Marine
Corrosion Facility in Key West, Florida.
Mobile research platforms contribute greatly to
NRL's research. These include six uniquely config-
ured P-3 Orion turboprop aircraft at the Flight
Support Detachment located at the Patuxent River
Naval Air Station in Lexington Park, Maryland; and
one ship, the ex-USS Shadwell (LSD-15), berthed in
Mobile Bay, Alabama.

Tº Naval Research Laboratory is a field
command under the Chief of Naval Research,
who reports to the Secretary of the Navy via the
Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research,
Development and Acquisition.
Heading the Laboratory with joint responsibilities
are CAPT David M. Schubert, USN, Commanding
Officer, and Dr. John A. Montgomery, Director of
Research. Line authority passes from the Commanding
Officer and the Director of Research to the Office of
Program Administration and Policy Development to
the research divisions. Research is performed in the
following organizational units:
• Systems Directorate
• Materials Science and Component Technology
Directorate
• Ocean and Atmospheric Science and Technology
Directorate
• Naval Center for Space Technology.
NRL operates as a Navy Working Capital Funded
activity. As an NWCF activity, all costs, including
overhead, are contributed by benefiting customers.
Funding in FY2002 came from the Chief of Naval
Research, the Naval Systems Commands, and other
Navy sources; government agencies, such as the U.S.
Air Force, Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency, the Department of Energy, and the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration; and several
nongovernment activities.
ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION
Investigating radiation detectors in a specially
instrumented cryostat


NAVAL RESEARCH
LABORATORY
4555 Overlook Avenue, SW
Washington, DC 20375-5320
Building Occupants
69 Naval Center for Space
Technology
59 Spacecraft Eng Dept
Space Sys Dev Dept
49/32 Supply Division
72 Incoming Visitor Section
Guard Force
Human Resources Office
Building Occupants
35 Laboratory for Structure of Matter
1. Information Technology Division
57 R&D Services Division
2 Acoustics Division
Remote Sensing Division
28 Cafeteria
28 Materials Sci and Tech Division
43 Executive Directorate
Command Support Division
Management and Admin
Head of Security
Counsel/Legal
Library
Center for Bio/Molecular Sci & Eng
Radar Division
Building Occupants
208 Electronics Science and Technology Division
Highlighted buildings indicate headquarters/ 209 Space Science Division
dministrative offices for NRL's main site 215 Optical Sciences Division . . . .
a 210 Tactical Electronic Warfare Division
divisions, laboratories, departments, and 222 Technical Information Division
Centers Contracting Division
Financial Management Division
Patents Office
Chemistry Division
SCALE IN FEET Navy Technology Center for Safety &
200 10 º 200 400 600 Survivability
Institute for Nanoscience
Plasma Physics Division
Lab for Computational Physics & Fluid Dynamics






















T he following areas represent broad fields of NRL research. Under each, more specific topics that are being investigated for the benefit of the Naval services and
other sponsoring organizations are listed. Some details of this work are given in the NRL Review, published annually. More specific details are published in reports
on individual projects provided to sponsors and/or presented as papers for professional societies or their journals.
Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence
* Environmental Effects on Naval Systems
Advanced distributed simulations for design and warfighting
Meteorological effects on electro-optical system perfor-
Meteorology
Methods of specifying, developing, documenting, and
maintaining software
Expert systems for resource allocation, signal identification,
operational planning, target classification, and robotics
Machine learning
Information security
Virtual reality and interactive visual system
Distributed interactive simulations
Device Technology
Integrated optics
IR sensors
Electric field coupling
Radiation-hardened electronics
Microwave and millimeter wave technology
Hydrogen masers for GPS
Aperture syntheses
Vacuum electronics
Parallel scientific libraries, algorithms for massively
parallel, shared memory systems
Digital progressive HDTV for scientific visualization
High-performance, all-optical networking
IITâIlC6.
Air quality in confined spaces
Solar and geomagnetic activity
Ionospheric behavior
Magnetospheric and space plasma effects
Contaminant transport
Information Technology
Antijam communication links
High assurance computer systems
Information security
Communication and information theory
Networking - mobile, local, metro wide area
Telecommunications - terrestrial, littoral, space
Switched optical networking
Distributed applications
Battle management information systems
High performance computing
Next-generation signaled optical network architecture
Teraflop scalable shared niemory
Massively parallel computer architectures
Distributed, secure, and mobile information infrastructures
High-end, progressive, HDTV imagery distribution
Air/sea interaction effects on operations
Data assimilation techniques
Global/regional forecasting
Tactical database development
Meteorological tactical decision aids
Nanoelectronics and Microelectronics
Novel, nanostructure-based sensors
New materials and nano devices
Oceanography
Open-ocean, littoral, and nearshore oceanographic
forecasting
Shallow water tactical oceanography
In situ oceanographic sensors and data fusion
Bio-optical and fine-scale physical processes
Waves, tides, and surf prediction
Plasma Physics
Radiation hydrodynamics
Laser plasma interactions
– Pulsed power
– Large-area plasma processing
– Space plasma simulations
Directed Energy Technology Satellite and space communication systems
Laser propagation Voice/data compression technology
High-power microwave sources Medium- and high-frequency propagation research
Pulsed power - Shipboard electromagnetic interference mitigation
High energy and chemical lasers technology
Pulse detonation engines Marine Geosciences
Ram accelerators Geoacoustic modeling
Electronic Warfare Marine seismology
Repeaters/jammers, EO/IR active countermeasures and decoys Geomagnetic modeling
EW/C*CM systems and technology Geotechnology/sediment dynamics
Intercept receivers, signal processing, and identification Geospatial information systems
systems º
Expendable autonomous vehicles *.
Platform signature measurement and management Biomolecular engineerin
Threat and EW systems modeling and simulation Theory of . g
Enhanced Maintainability, Reliability, and Mobility fuels/explosives/propellants
Survivability Technology Materials processing
Coatings Advanced alloy systems
Rapid solidification technology
High-temperature materials
Laser fabrication and processing
Ceramics and composite materials
Superconductivity
Thin films and coatings
Structural characterization of materials
Lubricants and greases
Water additives and cleaners
Fire safety and fire suppression
Laser hardening
Satellite survivability
Missile blast survivability
CURRENT RESEARCH
Space Research and Technology
Advanced space systems
Space sensing applications
Remote sensing of the Earth from space
Satellite communications
Spacecraft design, engineering, and integration
Satellite ground station design
Navigation technology
Astrodynamics
Surveillance and Sensor Technology
Imaging radars
Target classification/identification
Underwater acoustic propagation, reverberation, and noise
Electromagnetic sensors—gamma ray to RF wavelengths
SQUID for magnetic field detection
Low observables technology
Undersea Technology
Anechoic coatings
Fiber-optic acoustic sensors
Shallow water environmental acoustics and sensor systems
Target reflection, diffraction, and scattering
Unmanned undersea vehicle dynamics
Weapons launch

RL today employs approximately 2950
personnel–34 military officers, 73 enlisted
men and women, and 2843 civilians. In the research
staff, there are about 730 doctorate degrees,
NRL PEOPLE AND FLACES
334 masters degrees, and 580 bachelor degrees. The
support staff assists the research staff by providing
administrative help, computer-aided designing,
machining, fabrication, technical information
MOSaic view of the near
side of the moon lit by
earthshine from images
transmitted by the Deep
Space Science
Experiment, called
Clementine. Designed,
built, and operated by
NRL, Clementine ended
the first complete moon
mapping in May 1994.
NRL donated a model of
the Clementine Satellite
to the Smithsonian's
National Air and Space
Museum on January 22,
2003.
SCIENTISTS/ENGINEERS:
Physicists
Chemists
General Physical Scientists
Mathematicians
Astronomers
Metallurgists
Computer Scientists
Electronics Engineers
Mechanical Engineers
Aerospace Engineers
Oceanographers
Meteorologists
Other
1581
468
116
34
36
48
12
120
388
60
53
56
50
140
Services, personnel development, information
retrieval, computer support, and contracting and
Supply management Services.
Evaluating materials at high temperatures under fatigue
and creep conditions



M any of NRL's research efforts have spun
off commercial applications in addition to
the defense-oriented objectives for which they
were originally developed. NRL developments
in areas such as radar, radio, satellite navigation,
fiber optics, chemical and biological sensors,
and a wide variety of materials and coatings
have made significant contributions to the safety
and welfare of the civilian community.
The transitioning of NRL's dual use technolo-
gies to the private sector is facilitated by NRL's
Technology Transfer Office. This office
implements the Technology Transfer Act by
which Congress authorized Federal Laboratories
such as NRL to participate in Cooperative
Research and Development Agreements
(CRADAs) and patent licensing agreements.
NRL has entered into more than 200 CRADAS
with industry, universities, nonprofit organiza-
tions, and other government organizations. In
addition, NRL has executed over 40 licenses to
its inventions. These licenses authorize the
licensees to manufacture and sell a product
based on NRL's technology in exchange for
royalty payments that are shared by the Labora-
tory and the inventors.
NRL's Technology Transfer exhibit travels to
various professional meetings and events around
the country as a means to expose industry to
NRL's leading edge developments and to
encourage collaborations and licensing arrange-
ments that will benefit both NRL and industry.
--
- |
tº |
NRL's Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) method of
screening for explosives has been licensed by Quantum
Magnetics, a division of InVision Technologies. Quantum
Magnetics manufactures this equipment for screening
luggage and packages at airports and other Secure areas.
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER


THE COMMANDING OFFICEF
APT David M. Schubert, USN, assumed com- 634). From August 1992 to August 1994, he served on
mand of the Naval Research Laboratory in May the Joint Staff (J3) as Operations Officer for the National
2002. A 1977 honors graduate and Trident Scholar of Military Command Center.
the United States Naval Academy, CAPT Schubert CAPT Schubert returned to USS Chicago as her
received a B.S. in Physics. Once commissioned, he Commanding Officer from May 1995 to July 1997. From
reported to the Naval Research Laboratory for a August 1997 to July 1999, CAPT Schubert served as the
Summer internship program testing thin-line acoustic Assistant for Plans, Liaison and Assessments for the
arrays. After completing nuclear power and submarine Submarine Warfare Division of the Navy Staff and then
training, he reported in March 1979 to the USS Ham- moved to COMSUBLANT as the Assistant Chief of Staff
merhead (SSN 663), where he served as Communica- for Warfare Requirements, Planning and Assessments.
tions Officer, Damage Control Assistant, and Opera- From July 1999 to May 2002 he served as the Assistant
tions Officer. Chief of Naval Research. There he was instrumental in
He served as an instructor at Nuclear Power School establishing ONR’s Future Naval Capabilities program.
in Orlando, Florida from April 1982 to March 1984, CAPT Schubert’s awards include the Legion of Merit,
and then as engineer of the USS Chicago (SSN 721). In the Defense Meritorious Service Medal, the Meritorious
1988 he was selected for the MIT/Woods Hole Joint Service Medal, the Navy Commendation Medal, and the
Oceanography program, where he received a Master’s Navy Achievement Medal. He twice served on ships that
degree in Physical Oceanography. won Battle “E” awards.
In October 1990, CAPT Schubert reported as
Executive Officer on USS Stonewall Jackson (SSBN


r. John A. Montgomery received his B.S. in Physics
from North Texas State University in 1967 and his
Master’s in Physics in 1969. He received his PhD in
Physics from the Catholic University of America in 1982.
As Director of Research of the Naval Research Laboratory,
he oversees research and development expenditures of
approximately $800 million per year.
Dr. Montgomery joined the NRL in 1968 as a research
physicist in the Advanced Techniques Branch of the
Electronic Warfare Division. In 1980, he was selected to
head the Off-Board Countermeasures Branch. In 1985, he
was appointed to the Senior Executive Service (SES) and
was selected as Superintendent of the Tactical Electronic
Warfare Division. He has been responsible for numerous
systems that have been developed/approved for operational
use by the Navy and other services and has had great
impact through the application of advanced technologies to
solve unusual or severe operational deficiencies noted
during world crises.
Dr. Montgomery received the DoD Distinguished
Civilian Service Award in 2001, the DON Distin-
guished Civilian Service Award in 1999, and the
DON Meritorious Civilian Service Award in 1986.
As a member of the SES, he received the Presidential
Rank of Distinguished Executive award in 1991 and
2002 and the Presidential Rank of Meritorious
Executive award in 1988 and again in 1999. He also
received the 1997 Dr. Arthur E. Bisson Prize for
Naval Technology Achievement, awarded by the
Chief of Naval Research in 1998. Further, he has
received the Association of Old Crows (Electronic
Defense Association) Joint Services Award in 1993.
He was an NRL Edison Scholar, and is a member of
Sigma Xi. He has served as the U.S. National Leader
of The Technical Cooperation Program’s multina-
tional Group on EW since 1987, and served as its
Executive Chairman.
THE DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH


The following three publications are available from the Publication and Visual Information Services Section, Code 5211, (202) 404-4963.
• The NRL Fact Book gives more details about the Laboratory and its operations. It lists major equipment, current fields of research, field sites, and outlying
facilities. It also presents information about the responsibilities, organization, key personnel, and funding of the divisions, detachments, and other major
organizational units. -
• The NRL Review presents annual highlights of the unclassified research and development programs. The book fulfills a dual purpose: it provides an exchange of
information among scientists, engineers, scholars, and managers; and it is used in recruiting science and engineering professionals.
• NRL Major Facilities highlights major research areas to promote cooperative use of these facilities between Laboratory scientists and other agencies.
To date, NRL has signed a significant number of CRADAs and licensed important
- technology to private industry. Specific information on NRL-developed technology
is available from the Technology Transfer Office at (202) 767-7230. - -
| General information about NRL may be obtained from Public Affairs, Code 1030, (202) 767-2541
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
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URL: http://www.nrl.navy.mil/