-
TIEEEzette Eºs ºf Tºº
º FAMILE ERIMINA's
º
- -
|
III
- III
CIMPLETE HEERET HIDERAPHY
| OF THE ASSASSIN.
ºn kro. Fº - ºn six










T H E -
POIſ, ICE GAZETTE
OF NEW YOREx,
ACKNOWLEDGED BY ALL TO BE THE
Leading Sporting and Sensational Journal of the World.
Its artistic corps embraces the best talent in America. Its columns are
replete with the latest sporting news, current sensations, lives and deeds of
famous Pugilists, Jockeys, Turfmen, and a variety of interesting reading matter,
unequalled by any journal published.
Subscription: $4.00 per Year; 6 Months, $2.00; 3 Months, $1.00.
RICHARD K. FOX, Publisher, New York.
To be haci fronn all Nevsclealers.
MORE THRILLING THAN ANY ROMANCE
T H E TO MI BS 1
Its History and Romances; Its Secrets and Its Mysteries.
Life and Death in New York's Famous Jail, and the Great Criminals
who have Lived and Died There.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - - - 30 CENTs.
--
The Police Gazette Series of Famous Criminals, No. 1.
BILLY LEROY. THE COLORAD0 BANDIT
0R, THE KING OF AMERICAN HIGHWAYMEN.
The life and adventures of this famous desperado, who in his twenty-one
years of life eclipsed Claude Duval, Jagk Sheppard and Cartouche in deeds of
daring and villainy. Published in the PolicE GAZETTE's Series of Famous Crim-
inals. Every incident a thrilling fact! From his first murder and robbery at
eighteen years of age, down to the day of his lynching at Del Norte, Col.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - - 30 CENTs.
—-
The Police Gazette Series of Famous Criminals, No. 2.
THE OUTLAW BROTHERS,
FRANK AND JESSE JAMES-
The career of these daring highwaymen, whose cruel murders and many
crimes have made the mere mention of their names a terror to law-abiding
citizens, is full of romance. Superbly illustrated with portraits and thirty
splendid engravings m de by the first artists on the spot.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - so CENTs.
--
THE SLANG DICTIONARY
NEW YORK, LONDON AND punis. COMPLETE AND UNABRIDGED.
Detectives, police officials, and those who want to become acquainted with
the slang terms used by burglars, sporting men and flash society, should send
for “The Slang Dictionary.”
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - 30 CENTS.
RICHARD K. Fox, PUBLISHER, NEW YORK,


-
|
N
Photographed for the Portº Gazette during the late Presidential Campaign.]
-
º








-


GUITEAU'S GRIME.
TIEELE ETTTT T , EITSTOTE_Y
OF THE
TMI TJ R T THE TER O ET
PRESIDENT JAMES A GARFIELD.
---
WITH COMPLETE
SECRE!!! biography OF THE HSSHSSIN.
---
SPLENDIDLY ILLUSTRATED.
---
RICHA F-ID IS FOX, Fublisher,
183 WILLIAM STREET, N. Y.
Fox,
I-IC. AIRO I
In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
-
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1881, by


N N NºN N N
tº
== N
|
Nº.
w -
º, ºn Tºlſº º
SCENES FROM GUITEAU’S LIFE.





















CONTENTS.
CHAPTER
I. WHO GUITEAU Is.
* IL–THE Assassin's VICTIM.
III. GUITEAU Lyng IN WAIT.
IV. THE CRIME.
W. THE FIGHT For LIFE.
VI. GUITEAU IN JAIL.
VII. THE DEED DONE.
VIII. THE Avengº Rs.
DX. THE NEW PRESIDENT.

PRESIDENT JAMES A GARFIELD.



CHAPTER I.
W. H. O. G. U IT E A U L S.
History immortalizes its scoundrels as well as its heroes. The fair
fame that attaches to Abraham Lincoln's name is equaled by the sinister
notoriety of John Wilkes Booth. The noble career of James Abram
Garfield will not outlive in the chronicles the shameful chapter filled by
Charles J. Guiteau. Fate is ever given to irony. She punishes the
slayer of a good man, but gives him a place in history as well.
But, after all, he deserves it. It is the enormity of the crime, not
the character of the criminal, which is embalmed. Yet our history tells
the story of the most monstrous, wanton murder ever recorded, begin-
ning at the appropriate beginning, not with the crime itself, but with
the criminal without him there would be no crime to record. Let
us see, then, what this creature is whose miserable hand can cast a pall
upon the greatest nation of the earth, and send a wail of mourning
echoing throughout the civilized world.
Charles Julius Guiteau was born in the town of Freeport, Ill., in
1841 or 1842, which makes him 39 or 40 years of age. He was one of
the children of Lee Guiteau, late cashier of the Second National Bank,
of Freeport, Ill. Mr. Guiteau, Sr., died recently, aged 70 years, and
was one of the oldest and a most esteemed citizen of the place. He
gave his boys a common school education, but their mother dying when
the children were quite young the family became broken up and the
children separated. As a youth Charles Julius is reported to have been
a good, tractable boy, with nothing to mark him as better or worse than
the average of his associates. -
Several years before he became of age, and while preparing for col-
lege at the University of Michigan he conceived the idea of joining the
Oneida Community and did so. He did well there for some years and
finally left because he could not live up to the restrictions of the order.
Full of anger, he threatened to issue a publication exposing the peculi-
arities of that community, but he was prevented from doing so by an
article written by John H. Noyes, the recognized head of the commu-
nity, showing him up and squelching him completely.
- 7

8 G U 1 T E A U S C R. I. M. E.
Immediately afterward he entered upon the study of law in the
office of George Scovell, a brother-in-law, in Chicago. He was admitted
to the bar in that city about eighteen years ago, but is said never to
have had other than a small office practice in the way of bill collecting
and such like small work. He did not appear to have been distin-
guished for honesty, and it is reported that he was prosecuted and fell
into bad odor in that city on account of collecting sums of money which
he failed to turn over to the owners.
He eventually had to leave town, and next traveled throughout
New England as a lecturer and assuming the title of reverend. He ad-
vertised himself as “lawyer and theologian.” He once claimed to be
an “Honorable,” and his brother, the insurance expert, John W. Gui-
teau, of Boston, telling him that he had no claim to such a title, having
never borne political honors, he replied that any lawyer was an “Honor-
able,” and he knew a lawyer in Chicago who had been in the State
Prison who advertised himself as an “...Honorable.” This and the mat-
ter of numerous unpaid board bills in Chicago led to a wordy contro-
versy which resulted in his being expelled from his brother's house
and subsequently violently ejected from his office, as he would neither
take advice or mend his evil ways and fraudulent practices.
This was about two years ago. Charles has been jailed in New
York for debt. He has been “shown up" by the Chicago and New
York papers for his irregularities and has sued them in turn for libel,
with no favorable result to himself, of course. At one time he formed a
scheme to buy the Chicago Tribune, and asked the President of the
Second National Bank of Freeport, Ill., to loan him $25,000 with
which to purchase it, promising the President of the bank as an induce-
ment that he would secure his election as Governor of Illinois. The
project was not entertained, of course. In numerous places Charles Julius
has lectured to very small audiences, advertising himself as “Charles J.
Guiteau, the celebrated Chicago lawyer of eminence and ability, etc.,"
and being shown up by the local presses as “skipping out” without
paying his hotel and other bills.
During his residence in Chicago Guiteau met and married Miss
Annie Bunn, a former resident of Philadelphia. The Needles, a well-
known family of the latter city, took Miss Bunn to raise when she was
eleven years old, and retained her until her eighteenth year. From
（IWIŁO SIH HOH ĐNIHvaſſa ſnºwſſLIrmae)

-

--
º We
º
º





G U IT E A U S C R. I.M. E. 9
Miss Needle the following facts have been obtained regarding the
marital life of the couple and the causes which led to their divorce:
“Annie was the eldest of two daughters, the mother of whom was
left a widow when the children were young. They were English people
and the children were both very bright. Annie,” said Miss Needles,
“was taken by my father and sent to school. She was an amiable child
and early became a member of the Nazareth Methodist church on Thir-
teenth street, above Wine. After a while she began to study telegraphy
and became a proficient operator. When she was about eighteen she
went to Chicago and obtained a situation a short distance out of the
city. Some time later, in the year 1867, she procured the place of
librarian in the Woman's Christian Association rooms of Chicago, and
while in the place formed the acquaintance of Guiteau, whom she wrote
to me was a lawyer and a Christian and one not given to small vices.
From all her accounts we got an idea that he was a model man and just
the kind suited to her. She used to tell us about his regularity in at-
tending church. I think they were married in 1868. At this time
Guiteau was in the law office of his brother-in-law, Mr. Scovell, who
with his wife favored the match and treated Annie very kindly after
her marriage. Mr. Scovell advised Guiteau to take a little cottage and
go to house-keeping, promising to buy a cottage for them and furnish it
at his own expense. This offer Guiteau rejected, intimating to Mr.
Scovell that he was able to pay his own way, and went to boarding at
an expensive hotel.
“Befoºthey had been married a year I found from her letters that
they had changed boarding houses pretty often and afterward found
it was because Guiteau would not pay his bills. About a year before
the Chicago fire Guiteau came to Philadelphia on business and at his
wife's suggestion called to see me. My opinion of him was not favor-
able. The first thing I said after seeing high was, “You’re nothing but
a big lump of pomposity.' I felt all the time like saying to him : ‘Oh,
sit down and behave yourself.' I did not see anything brilliant or
smart about him. I discovered Annie was living unhappily with him.
They came East with little money, he leaving Annie at my house while
he went to New York to open an office. He was a man of brutal pas-
sion and treated his wife badly. On one occasion he pushed her into
a closet and shut the door, keeping her there until she was nearly

10 G. UIT E A U S C R T M. E.
dead. After residing in New York a short time, he sent her to Phila-
delphia to find a situation, if possible, and make her own living. After-
wards we learned that as soon as he had got rid of her he went to
boarding in the most fashionable hotel, expending on himself what
would have kept them both. His wife, being unable to get a situation
in this city, eventually was taken back to him, but it was not for long.
He got rid of her again by sending her off to Saratoga with a family
with whom she was acquainted, and where she supported herself
by doing housework. His treatment of her became so bad finally
that her friends pursuaded her to sue for a divorce, which she did and
procured it without trouble.”
Over the moral or immoral side of Guiteau's conduct while in New
York Miss Needle draws a veil. It is sufficient to state that his wife
at length became convinced of his faithlessness, which reached its
worst stage at the time when he began to send her away to make her
own living. Mrs. Guiteau is now happily married and living in
Colorado.
Perhaps the best description of Guiteau's character in one sense is
given in an incident by Miss Needles which occurred a year or so after
his marriage. He took a notion to go to California but had not
enough money. Miss Needles was at that time employed in the office
of George W. Childs, and Guiteau, knowing Mr. Child's reputation for
liberality, wrote to Miss Needles, through his wife, asking her to bor-
row a considerable sum of money from Mr. Childs, for which he prom-
ised to give his note. She says she always thought Guiteau a man of
rather unbalanced mind, though she never considered him insane.
Not long after the marriage of Miss Bunn to Guiteau in Chicago,
she came to Philadelphia, and among the persons whom she visited
there was a lady friend residing on Summer street. When she was
leaving this friend she remarked:
“If you ever have any business to be done for you in New York,
you must intrust it to my husband. I will give you his address.
So saying Mrs. Guiteau handed to the lady a business card of
ordinary size. It bears upon its face the following:
-
G U 1 T E A U S C R M M E. - 11
CHARLES J. G. UITE AU,
(Late of Chicago)
Artoise, AND Counsellor,
59 and 61 Liberty Street (Marquand Building),
- Room 24, New York.
.
Special attention given to collecting claims, and
accounts promptly settled.
Elevator in building. |OVER.]
The back of the card would seem to indicate that Guiteau was not
sure that his name alone would carry great weight with it, for there
the following appears:
REFERENCES:
IN CHICAGO.
P. W. GATES, President Eagle Works Manufacturing Company.
General J. S. REYNoLDs, Deputy Collector Port of Chicago.
TREGo & KELLOGG, Grain Shippers.
J. E. BURCHELL & Co., Real Estate Dealers.
SMITH BROTHERs & Co., Wholesale Grocers.
MATHEW GRAFF & Co., Wholesale Fruit Dealers.
P. L. GARRITY, Wholesale Confectioner.
WILLIAM NUMSEN & SöNs, Wholesale Fruit Can Dealers.
IN NEW YORK.
General P. H. Jon Es, Postmaster.
Babcock Fine Extinguishing Co., 407 Broadway.
BRYANT & BENTLEY, Wholesale Jewelers, 12 Maiden Lane.
J. D. KURTZ CRook (late of Hayward, Smith & Co., now agent Frank-
lin Coal Company), 71 Broadway, Room 33.
CHARLEs T. BAUER & Co., Wholesale Tobacconists, 105 Fulton Street.
IN BOSTON.
J. W. GUITEAU, General Agent United States Life Insurance Company.



12 G U : T E /10 S C ; 7 M E.
When Guiteau was in Philadelphia, in 1878, for the purpose of
lecturing on “The Second Coming of Christ,” in St. George's Hall, he
made arrangements with the printing firm of Allen, Lane & Scott to
print for him a certain number of copies of a pamphlet on the subject
of “Is there a Hell? A Reply to Robert G. Ingersoll.” When part
of the number ordered had been printed, Guiteau offered the firm an
unreasonably small sum of money on account, whereupon they re-
fused to deliver the pamphlets. A number of them, however, were
afterwards sent to newspaper offices. The work was not only without
value but without interest.
It was immediately after this time that Guiteau lectured in various
cities “in reply to Ingersoll,” and always announced himself in the
advertising columns of the newspapers, as well as in flaming hand-
bills, as “A Chicago lawyer and orator of great power.”
Newark, New Jersey, also furnishes a characteristic reminiscence
of Guiteau. He visited there in March, 1878, announcing himself as
an orator and a lecturer. He advertised in the local papers as follows:
NEWARK OPERA HOUSE.
“IS THERE A HELL 9'?
CHARLES J. GUITEAU,
A Chicago lawyer and orator of great power, will answer this question
and review
ROBERT G. INGERSOLL
at the
NEwARK OPERA. House, Friday, March 3, at 8 o’clock.
Admission, 10 cts.; reserved seats, 15 cts.; for sale at Dennis & Co’s,
tº The Boston papers speak of this lecture as a masterly effort,
full of ideas.
On the day after the “lecture” the Newark Daily Journal gave the
following account of it and the lecturer:
“IS THERE A HELL }
“FIFTY DECEIVED PEOPLE OF THE OPINION THAT THERE OUGHT TO BE.
“The man Charles J. Guiteau, if such really is his name, who calls
himself an eminent Chicago lawyer, has fraud and imbecility plainly
stamped upon his countenance, and it is not surprising that his
-
->
º
2 º
ºº
ſº
"Nº. --
A.
º
"W
| | | | º º A. Tulu in mº immº- º F.
CHASE AND CAPTURE OF THE ASSASSIN.













REMOVING THE PRESIDENT FROM THE DEPOT.




MRS. JAMES A GARFIELD.






G U I T E A U S C R. I.M. E. 13
“lecture” in the Opera House last evening did not leave a pleasant
impression on the minds of the fifty people who assembled to hear
him reply to Bob Ingersoll's talk on hell.
“His lecture was a wonderful production of genius. It consisted
of the averment that the second coming of Christ occurred in the
year 70, when Jerusalem was destroyed; interesting readings from the
Book of Genesis, and the prediction that the world would soon come
to an end. Although the impudent scoundrel had talked only fifteen min-
utes, he suddenly perorated brilliantly by thanking the audience for
their attention and bidding them good-night. Before the astounded
fifty had recovered from their amazement, or the half-dozen bill col-
lectors who were waiting for an interview with the lecturer had com-
prehended the situation, the latter had fled from the building and
escaped. He is supposed to be a first cousin of the spiritualistic fraud
who played the same game in New Institute Hall last spring.”
It was ascertained that the notices Guiteau exhibited as having
appeared in the Boston papers were fabrications.
About twelve years ago, when Essex Market police court in New
York had become notorious as a place where all sorts of crime could
be compromised by a venal police justice, a number of shysters,
broken-down lawyers and practitioners ruined by liquor, were to be
met with daily at that court. These misnamed lawyers would often
hunt up cases for police justices and share in the spoils, and on one
occasion a fight occurred in court between a magistrate and a shyster,
upon a division of half a dollar. -
Among these shysters was Charles Guiteau, who had part of an
office in the rear of a liquor store on the south-east corner of Broome
and Essex Streets. Guiteau's merit consisted mainly in the nefarious
manner in which he would secure cases, and many an innocent person
would be mulcted in the shape of a fine for an offense he had never
committed, whilst thieves, vile women and such offenders against the
law would be allowed to escape if they had only enough of money to
compromise the case. One of Guiteau's practices was to cause the
arrest of Bowery demi-mondes who had not previously paid him a fee,
have the women locked up at night, appear for them the next morning
as lawyer at the Essex Market, and thus share the fine which was cer-
tain to be imposed.
14 G UI T E A U S C R T M. E.
He afterwards moved his office to Broadway, and his character-
istics are thus described by John O'Neil, his office boy:
“I was office boy for Charles J. Guiteau in 1873 or ’74. He had
desk room in Mr. Hawes' office rooms at 170 Broadway. I was hired
by Guiteau, but was also to act for Mr. Hawes in consideration of the
desk rent, I believe, Guiteau to pay me. I suppose he thought it eas-
ier to cheat the office boy than Mr. Hawes. He would pay me a few
dollars at a time, saying he was short. This went on for a few months,
when he told me I wasn’t needed any longer. He then owed $12. I
called a number of times after this, but he put me off with promises.
At one time, when I asked for the money, he took hold of my arm and
dragged me out into the hall, where we had a rough-and-tumble. The
noise brought out the clerks and lawyers, who were going to thrash
Guiteau. Then he walked down stairs and into the street without
saying a word. A few weeks afterwards he removed to Chambers
Street–51, if I remember rightly. Some time afterwards I saw his
name in the Bennett Building directory.
“He seemed to be a very quiet, gentlemanly man, seldom speak-
ing to anybody. He appeared to be an American, and had plenty of
quiet cheek, borrowing law books, letter presses, etc. Almost every
day men came to his office presenting bills, but I never saw him pay
any. He would tell them with a half-smiling, half-scared face that he
was short, and that if they would call on a certain day he would pay
them; but he was pretty certain to be out on that day. The bills were
generally for stationery. He would have half a dozen or a dozen
boxes of envelopes and letter paper on top of his desk, and still order
more and never pay for it. He was always writing; it usually ended
in the waste basket. The next room was occupied by a lawyer, an
ex-judge, who went home early. If a visitor called on Guiteau after
the ex-judge had gone, Guiteau took him into this room, which was
furnished nicely, threw his legs over the desk and impressed his visitor
with the idea that this was his private office. I never believed Guiteau
to be insane at that time, nor have I heard anybody else say so; but
he has had enough trouble since then, of his own making, to drive any
man crazy. I use to think he'd pay what he owed if he had the
money, but his practice would not bring him enough. I always
thought him a shyster lawyer. He walked softly, with his head down,














2. – Sº Nº. 2 2
º *º-
-> =s:-
-
ſº
ſ
ſ
%
º
%
Ž
%
º
ſ
º
§
%
º
º
º
Z
-%
*º
-
- -
à-->
#
º
º
º
ſº%
-º-
s
|





















& U 1 T E A U 2 S C R. I. M. E. 15
looking in all directions; never would look you straight in the face;
always spoke in a confidential way. If a creditor urged him too much
he would grab a letter on the desk and appear to read it, telling the
man in a fierce, low tone not to bother him, he was too busy.
*I met Guiteau last fall passing down Broadway, looking very
seedy. His complexion was light, hair of a dark flaxen color, inclined
to curl, eyes dark blue. His face at times was very red from drink or
anger. You would never think he would make an attack on the life of
a President.”
After beating all the landlords who trusted him for office rent, and
all the landlords who trusted him for board and lodging, he pawned a
watch that he had obtained in some underhanded manner. He got
out of town on the proceeds, and was next heard of as a revivalist.
He figured in Hartford, Conn., during the Moody and Sankey revival
there a few years ago, sitting on the platform with the speakers and
local clergymen. He wanted to institute a series of meetings and to
speak on the second coming of Christ. A writ was issued for his body,
but he outran the sheriff and escaped. A year later he delivered his
lecture in one of the churches, his address being a reply to Ingersoll's
attack on the Bible. -
His wanderings in different cities up to the Garfield-Hancock cam-
paign were a repetition of his former experiences. Finally he came to
New York, and pestered the Bepublican committee to give him a cir-
cuit to stump. He made one speech, and on that effort based his
claims to a fat office under the new administration. When Garfield
was inaugurated, Guiteau went to Washington to demand a reward for
his labors in behalf of the party. What followed will be detailed at
length in future chapters.
CHAPTER II.
THE Assassin's VICTIM.
We have sketched the earlier career of the worthless dead beat
who has plunged a great nation in grief; now let us glance at the con-
trast presented by the useful life of the man whom his wanton hand
struck down.
16 G U 1 T E A U S C R T M. E.
The romantic life of James A. Garfield began in Orange, Ohio, on
the 19th of November, 1831. In 1830 his father and mother moved
from the East to Ohio, where, with three children, farmer Garfield and
his devoted wife, Eliza, began a clearing for a home. In the summer
of 1831 the fields caught fire. The elder Garfield and his neighbors
fought the element bravely and successfully, but the exertion was more
than he could bear, and he died a few months later, leaving to his wife
not only the three children they brought with them, but a fourth—the
baby destined to become a President of his country and its martyr.
Until he was sixteen James assisted his mother about the “place,”
was an adept in carpentry and grew stout and strong. In 1847 he
“hired out” to Captain Letcher of the canal boat Evening Star, as
drivor of the towpath team, but the unaccustomed life overtaxed his
strength, and for six months he lay upon a bed of ague, comforted and
nursed by his ever-faithful friend and mother. Circumstances and his
mother's advice led him about this time to a course of reading and
study. He supported himself by planing boards, cutting wood and
looking out for matters on the farm in summer, but devoted himself
assiduously to study in the winter. While a student in the Cayuga
Seminary in Chester he paid a carpentor $1.06 a wook for board and
washing, and this sum he earned by helping his host at odd jobs. The
carpenter was building a two-story house on the east side cf the road,
a little way south of the seminary grounds, and James' first work was
to get out siding at two cents a board. The first Saturday he planed
fifty-one boards, and so earned $1.02, the most money he had ever got
for a day's work.
He began that fall the study of Greek. That term he paid his way,
bought a few books and returned home with $3 in his pocket. Trom
this time on Mr. Garfield was identified with instruction. He taught
the district school with success, and studied with one thought in his
mind—the desire to prepare for and enter college. In March of 1850
he joined the Disciples and was baptized in the River Chagrin, and in
the following fall, having earned money with his saw and chisel, ham-
mor and plano, entered a school of bookkeeping, ponmanship and clo-
cution. He helped himself there by acting as janitor to the school and
earned his board in the house of a farmer by doing “chores about the
place.”


G U TT E A U S C R T M. E. - 17
In June, 1854, he entered Williams College, in Massachusetts. He
was graduated with fair honors from Williams, and at once, in 1856, ac-
cepted an offer in Hiram College as teacher of ancient languages, and
the following year, at the age of twenty-six, he was made president of
the institution. There he remained until 1861, when he entered the
army, and off and on continued a semi-connection with the institution
until 1871. Prior to this, in 1858, Mr. Garfield had married Miss Lucretia
Rudolph, the daughter of a well-to-do farmer of Hiram, a lady who
had been his classmate in Chester ten years before, had attended the
school at Hiram with him, and they had through the whole decadesus-
tained a familiar acquaintance. After his marriage he continued to
board in a very plain style. His wife, in her modesty, industry, econo-
my and intellectual keenness was a treasure of incalculable value to
him in every walk of life. She was no less a favorite with the students
than Mr. Garfield himself, and, having been a teacher in the Cleveland
schools, she understood well her husband's trials and needs. Many
students came to them both for advice and help; and, as one graduate
afterward wrote for publication, “There are men and women scattered
over the United States holding positions of honor and wealth who
began the life which led them upward by the advice and with the
assistance of Mr. and Mrs. Garfield.” -
In 1857–8 Mr. Garfield became locally known and admired as a
stump speaker of a radical type, and in 1859 he was easily elected a
State Senator from the anti-slavery counties of Portage and Summit.
Senator Garfield at once took high rank in the Legislature as a man
well informed on the subjects of legislation and effective and powerful
in debate. He seemed always prepared to speak; he always spoke flu-
ently and to the point, and his genial, warm-hearted nature served to
increase the kindness with which both political friends and opponents
regarded him. -
When war was declared it was perfectly natural and logical that
Senator Garfield should be one of the first to offer his services to the
national cause and active in promoting measures for arming the State
militia. Darly in the summer of 1861 he was elected colonel of the
Forty-second Ohio infantry, principally recruited from Portage and
Summit counties, and of which most of the cfficers, as well as many
privates, had been students at Hiram College.
18 G. Uſ I T E AU’ S. G R T M. E.
Quickly sent across the Ohio into Eastern Kentucky, the gallant
Forty-second made its debut by one of the hardest marches on record,
ending in the surprise and rout of the rebel General Humphrey Mar-
shall at Middle Creek, near Prestonburg, January 10, 1862. At this con-
flict Colonel Garfield commanded a brigade, consisting of the Fortieth
regiment, in addition to his own.
Rewarded with a commission as brigadier general, bearing date
January 10, 1862, the date of the victory of Middle Creek, General
Garfield soon moved westward with his brigade, and in March, 1862,
attacked a rebel force at Pound Gap, destroying the camp and inflicting
serious loss. He was then transferred to Louisville, and ordered to
join the army of General Don Carlos Buell, then advancing upon John-
ston and Beauregard in Western Tennessee. By dint of severe march-
ing his brigade reached Pittsburg Landing in time for him to take his
position as commander of the Twentieth brigade in the second day of
that notable battle. He was subsequently engaged during the closing
months of 1862 in various operations along the line of the Memphis
and Charleston Railroad, and in January, 1863, just after the indecisive
battle of Stone River or Murfreesboro’, was appointed by General W.
S. Rosecrans his chief of staff, in place of Colonel Julius P. Garesche
killed at the battle of Stone River. º
He bore a prominent part in all the campaigns in Middle Tennes-
see in the spring and summer of 1863, and covered himself with honor
at the great battle of Chickamauga, September 19, 1863, being promoted
to major general for “gallant and meritorious services” in that en-
gagement. It is said that he wrote all the orders given to the army on
that memorable day, with the single exception of the fatal order to
General Wood, which, through a misapprehension of its meaning,
caused the destruction of the right wing of the Army of the Cumber-
land. At this battle General Garfield had a horse shot under him and
his orderly killed, and, according to a contemporary account, became
so excited that he “swore for the first time in his life.” He has since
seen good occasions when a good round oath would have a soothing
efficacy, but the battle of Chickamauga was his last military service to
his country.
General Garfield was elected a member of Congress in 1862, to rep-
resent the famous Joshua R. Giddings district, and as such he served













AND PHOTOGRAPHED.
：№
（)，ź!!!!!！=5%
~~ \， ==-
·
----
s º
GUITEAU BEING SEARCHED


ºffle= E.
--- i ſ n |
ſ | |
Sº º |\,
Nº.7% % º sº | | | | | º |
N § N - º | | | | | º |
| ||||||| | |||ſº º
º | ſº
% - W" | -
4% \ - % % | || || - º | - II. |\
º º º º º º | |
| \\
| Tº
º - | º |
>-
N-
ill - º
| º -
| E.
ſº tº
ºn
|Win| º - Z:. º tº
-
T = ′ =
| lºss-
| NºH
|
|TN. -
tº Hº- ---
ºf ºr "H
-
i.
=
-
|
|
Tº
lº it. ==
Tºº
|
| %
|
.
|












==īĀ
№t：īſſº}，
№=īſ·
THE JAIL AT WASHINGTON WHERE GUITEAU IS CONFINED.


GUITEAU UNDER FIRE,



& U I T E A U · S C R T M. E. 19
seventeen years, from December, 1863, at the close of which he
was elected Senator from Ohio, but prior to the meeting of the Con-
gress to which he was chosen he was elected President of the United
States. It was in his second term that the Secretary of the Treasury
requested that General Garfield be made chairman of the Committee of
Ways and Means. His work was earnest, thorough and incessant, and
he gained steadily in reputation with his associates. He made many
noted speeches, among which were those on the “Freedman's Bureau.”
and the “Restoration of the Rebel States,” on the “Public Debt and
Specie Payments” and on the “National Bureau of Education.”
In a sense, in 1873, he had come to be the representative of Ohio.
What, then, was more natural than that when the last election gave the
Ohio Legislature to the Republicans, and the party looked around for a
successor to Allen G. Thurman, on the 4th of March next, Mr. Garfield
should be the man. He was elected U. S. Senator for Ohio by a major-
ity of twenty-two in the Assembly and a majority of seven in the Senate.
In June, 1880, the Republican National Convention met in Chicago
and had a stormy session. Thirty-three fruitless ballots were taken.
On the thirty-fourth there was some excitement, growing out of a break
to Garfield, Wisconsin casting for him thirty-six votes. When it was
declared General Garfield arose and addressed the Chair. The chair-
man inquired for what purpose the gentleman rose.
“To a question of order,” said General Garfield.
“The gentleman will state it,” said the Chair.
“I challenge,” said Mr. Garfield, “the correctness of the announce-
ment that contains votes for me. No man has a right, without the con-
sent of the person voted for, to have his name announced and voted for
in this Convention. Such consent I have not given.”
This was overruled by the chairman amidst laughter against Mr.
Garfield, and on the thirty-sixth ballot State after State followed the
lead of Wisconsin, changing votes from one and another and all to
Garfield. Garfield buried his head in his hands and absolutely shook
with emotion. In the evening he and General Arthur held a reception
in the hotel.
The rest is easily told.
After an exciting campaign, in which ex-President Grant and Ros-
coe Conkling bore a conspicuous part, the republican ticket was declared

20 G. UIT E A U S C R. I. M. E.
chosen and James Abram Garfield took the oath of office in the presence
of cheering multitudes on the 4th of March, 1881.
No cheerier companion than James A. Garfield ever drew the
Feath of life. He was so nearly perfect in his physique that health
was his normal and usual condition. Big-brained and full of animal
life, he possessed a free-and-easy bearing that was a fit exponent of his
unsuspecting and joyous nature. That he had an unusually active
brain is clear from the story of his life. His temper was easy and kind.
In ordinary intercourse he was “hail fellow, well met,” and knew Tom,
Dick and Harry in the most familiar and easy-going way. He was
yielding in disposition and nearly all his embarrassments were trace-
able to his disinclination to say “No." He was a grateful, affectionate
and careful son; a faithful, loving, attentive husband; a devoted,
methodical and thoughtful father; a courteous, helpful neighbor; a
good citizen and an upright man.
Upon those who ever saw him, President Garfield made a com-
manding impression, his height being six feet, his shoulders broad, and
his frame strong. The head appeared unusually large and the fore-
head remarkably high. Blue was seen to be the color of the eyes and
light brown that of the hair. In all things he has been temperate. Of
children he has had seven, two of whom died in infancy, and to those
who remain and to his wife he has given the most thorough devotion.
Harry and James, the two older boys, for a while were at school in New
Hampshire, and are now at Williams College, but the two others have
passed the most of their days thus far at home. His only daughter is
named Mary, and is a pretty girl of about fourteen. Several years ago
he bought, in Washington, a lot, on which he built a house that is large
and has about it handsome grounds. He also purchased at Mentor,
Lake county, Ohio, a farm of 125 acres, now under high cultivation, and
known as “Lawnfield.” While in Congress he passed all his time, when
not required to be in Washington, on this farm, and he never tired of
giving directions for its improvement in fences and buildings and in
tilling the soil. Of study in the ancient languages and in history, in
spite of a most active life, he has been extremely fond, and the house in
Washington is stored with a handsome collection of books. In classical
scholarship, it is doubtful if there have been many men in public life
in his time who could have equaled him if put to the test.
IN THE SICK ROOM.


6. U T E A U S C R J M E. 21
Contrast the honest, hardworking, straight-forward life of this man
with the slinking, fraudulent career of the wretch who struck him down, .
and the black traits of the one seem the blacker by contrast with the
brightness of the other; the romance of the crime by which one became
a martyr and the other a historic criminal the more romantic. But let
us take another step in the story we have to tell.
-
CHAPTER III.
GUITEAU ON THE WATCH.
Guiteau, as we have stated, settled himself in Washington after the
inauguration of his future victim to the Presidency. He lived in various
places, chiefly by the exercise of his wits. A few days in this hotel; a
week at that boarding-house; another period in a lodgings, he led the
nomadic life of a Bedouin, ever ready to fold his carpet-bag and steal
away when there were threats of a presentation of the bill.
For several months preceding the assassination he spent a great
deal of his time in Lafayette Park, in front of the White House. Some-
times he occupied his time in reading. Often he fell asleep on the
bench. -
He infested the White House and the Capitol at all hours of the
day and made himself a nuisance to all whose business called them at
those places.
He was soon found out by the attaches of the house and was simply
tolerated. What he wanted was a consular position to France. He
used to write notes to the President, of which the following is a sample:
“I regret the trouble you are having with Senator Conkling. You
are right and should maintain your position. You have my support
and that of all patriotic citizens. I would like an audience of a few
moments.” -
He would sit around for hours and never say anything, waiting for
the audience. He would approach one of the clerks in a very humble
way and try to ingratiate himself in his good graces. He was regarded
as harmless, but at times he was incoherent. He used to seize upon
the White House stationery and take some of it off and write innumer-
able letters. He would also utilize the blank cards by writing himself

22 G U I T E A U S C R J M.E.
a supply to be in readiness if he should ever need them. One day C.A.
Crook, the dispensing clerk, said to him: “You seem to make yourself
at home here and to be laying in a supply of stationery.” Said Guiteau
to him in an insulting manner, “Do you know who I am? I am one of
the men who made Garfield President.” Brown informed him of the
true character of Guiteau and he was not allowed the liberty thereafter
of the White House stationery. He had an idiotic grin on his lace at
times. One day he told a reporter that this was “a hell of a govern-
ment, the people are no better than slaves.” -
A correspondent, in tracing out the assassin's preparations for his
crime, found the dealer from whom Guiteau was at first supposed to
have bought the tool he used with such effect. Writing of it he gives
the following interesting description:
I found Herzog in his little store on Ninth street, between D street
and Pennsylvania avenue, surrounded by as miscellaneous a collection
of articles as could be found outside of the most characteristic portion
of Chatham street. Herzog's line as a tradesman runs to male and female
habiliments, hand-me-downs, venerable and tender with years. In fact,
he buys and sells everything necessary to wearing apparel, from a top
coat to a shirt button. Upon my questioning him he answered unhesi-
tatingly and promptly, here and there going back to correct what he
had said or to emphasize it. His story was smooth and his manner of
relation careful and frank. - -
“Just as I am now I sat right here about four or five weeks ago"
(he was seated on a trunk at the door of his store), he said, “when two
men approached, and after looking in the window where you see the
firearms and such goods displayed, one of them turned and said to me,
*Mr. Herzog, have you an English bull-dog pistol?' I replied, ‘I have
something nearly like it, and as I rose to enter the store they followed
me. We entered the store together,” suiting the action to the word.
When Herzog had gone behind his counter, he continued:
“I came in with them as we have done and took this pistol out of
the window just so.”
Here he exhibited a pistol, taking it, however, from the showcase
on the counter.
“Look at it; it is the same make as the English bull-dog, but you
see it is marked Eureka, forty-four calibre and all the same as the
-













G U I T E A U S C R J M.E. 23
bull-dog. What did your customer's companion look like? Please
describe him as nearly as you can remember.”
“He was much taller and stouter than the man who spoke to me
and was dressed in dark clothes and a dark—I think a dark—Derby
hat. He was clean shaved, except he wore a mustache—a black but not
a heavy mustache.” - -
“Do you think you could recognize his companion?" I asked.
“I think I could. My clerk here thinks he could, too.”
The clerk, S. Guggenheimer, joined in:
“Yes, I know I could. For when a man wants a pistol I always
take good notice of him so as to remember him should anything occur
afterward.”
Turning to Herzog, I asked : “What did Guiteau, or the man you
think was Guiteau, say?”
“He took the pistol in his hand and examined it carefully and in
the style of one familiar with fire-arms. Then his companion took it
and he seemed to be still more familiar with pistols. He looked at it
and looked in the muzzle, and without looking at the stamp pronounced
it a forty-four calibre. Then Guiteau, or the man I took for Guiteau
said, ‘Is it a strong shooter? Would it kill a man?' Those were hiſ
exact words.”
The clerk, Guggenheimer, explained:
“You said, ‘I think it might kill an elephant.”
“So I did,” added Herzog, “and you, Sam, said --
“I said,” interrupted Sam, “that most assuredly it would kill a
man; that no man could live with a forty-four ball in him.”
“And then,” continued Herzog, “his companion said, very quietly,
it ought to kill a man. Then he (meaning Guiteau) asked the price.
said $7.50 or $8, which was it, Sam *
“You said seven and a half.”
“It looks to me like a very cheap pistol,” I remarked.
“Oh, it is very cheap."
* I mean it is cheap at half the money. It is cheap in make and
finish." I explained, fearful that the dealer thought I was a purchaser.
“Oh, no. It's a good pistol, but we sell it as a second-hand
One.
The pistol I found on examining it to be of cheap manufacture. A
24 G U 1 T E A U S C R. I. M. E.
determined man would prefer a more reliable weapon. It was good of
its kind, but its kind wasn't good.
“Well?” said I.
“The man I think which was Guiteau then said, “if I can't get the
English bull-dog I'll come back and take this one.' Now, I want to say
something,” continued the second-hand dealer; “I haven’t seen Gui-
teau since his arrest. From this picture, and especially this one—
(displaying a cut in the Police GAZETTE)—I should say it was he who
called on me.”
“Are you sure of it?” I quickly asked. -
“I would like to get a good square look at him and then I could
swear to him—whether he was the man or not.” -
“I think the same man, two weeks before this time, called and
wanted me to buy a meerschaum pipe, and said he was a Chicago lawyer
here on government business and expected to get a large sum of money.
I remember him saying that distinctly.”
“Was the pipe a valuable one? Did you buy it?”
“Yes; I only paid $1 for it.”
“When the two called five weeks ago, as you say, did they seem to
be acquainted thoroughly? Did they seem to understand each other?”
“Yes; it looked as if they did; it seemed that together they were
hunting for a pistol, and were both alike interested in getting one.
They seemed bent on the same thing.”
“Did they appear at all nervous?”
*No, not at all. They talked quite sensibly—I mean coolly. This
Guiteau looked like and acted like a little blower.” -
The clerk—" He was very high-toned and a loud talker.”
“What makes me think,” continued Herzog, “so much about the
man—what impresses him to me—was that customers seldom ask for
that kind of a pistol. I’ve been in this business eight years and that's
the first call I have had for a Britain bull-dog, or English bull-dog, as
he called it. Men usually ask for a Smith & Wesson or for Colt's, so
that impressed him upon my mind.”
Following up this subject of Guiteau's hunt for a pistol I met a
hardware merchant here, who said. -
*one of my clerks told me yesterday that a couple of weeks ago a
customer wanted an English bull-dog, and he says he thinks after look-











j \,
º -
%
" `
Ø
% % % º
%
% Ž
% Ø-




º
|
|
-


º
º
| || ||
!
=
==
E.
º
- -
- -
=














2.
|
Nº.
-NYS All | - º N
=º N N.
Nº. 1 NN. Wºº
º/” Sºul/
ºs/
Nº.
º
-
THE HOUR OF PERIL–NEWS AND PRAYERS IN THE STREET.











G U I T E A U S C R. I. M. E. 25
ing at the picture that it was Guiteau. The assassin appears to have
traveled around considerably to get the pattern he wanted. I know of
three places where he called. The bull-dog was the best, he thought,
for his purpose. It is for close quarters and for killing, like a Derrin-
ger. It was the pistol above all others that he wanted for the shooting
as it occurred.”
Guiteau did not purchase the revolver he examined at Herzog's,
though after his arrest he told District Attorney Corkhill that the re-
volver with which he wounded the President was bought at O'Meara’s,
opposite the Treasury building. Mr. O'Meara said he had no recollec-
tion of any person of Guiteau's appearance. When the latter heard
this he replied, “Tell Mr. O’Meara that on the same day I bought a
knife. I found it knicked, and afterward took it back to have the
nick sharpened out.”
When Mr. O’Meara was informed of this, he still said he could not
recollect any one of Guiteau's appearance, nor did he remember the
incident of the knife. He, however, looked in his books, and found that
on the 8th of June he had sold a British bull-dog revolver like that
used by Guiteau for $10. He could not recall the person who bought
it. As it was known that Guiteau has been for some time apparently
without means, had been in debt for board and lodging, and was gen-
erally known as a dead beat, some surprise was created by the fact that
he had money enough to purchase a new pistol. It has been ascer-
tained that at the time he purchased the pistol he succeeded in per-
suading a gentleman whom he had been importuning for some time
past to loan him $15. The gentleman gave him the money in order to
get rid of him. From what he knew of Guiteau he did not expect it to
be returned, nor was he disappointed.
Being thus armed and ready, he waited his chance, keeping him-
self carefully informed of the movements of his intended victim. He
experienced no difficulty in doing this, as no secrecy was observed in
President Garfield's comings and goings. The assassin had only to be
patient and bide his time, or, in his own words,
“To watch and wait.”
G. UIT E AU − S C R. I. M. E.
CHAPTER IV.
THE CRIME.
James A. Garfield, President of the United States, left the White
House at Washington on the morning of the 2d of July, 1881, to com-
mence a two weeks' vacation in the company of several members of his
Cabinet and their and his own families. He was to leave Washington
on the 9:30 A. M. express from the Baltimore and Potomac Depot for
New York, where Mrs. Garfield and his children were to meet him. A
few minutes before the time for the departure of the train the Presi-
dent's carriage drove in front of the depot. When the carriage stopped
the President said to Officer Kearney, who stepped forward to open the
carriage door : - -
“How much time have we, officer? -
To which Kearney replied:
“About ten minutes, Sir.”
The President lingered in the carriage for a few minutes as if to
finish a conversation with Secretary Blaine, when he alighted, and, fol-
lowed by the Secretary, proceeded to the ladies entrance on B street,
the two gentlemen passing leisurely through the ladies' waiting room
arm in arm, the President being on the left of Mr. Blaine.
There was a slight pause on the steps, and a moment later the
President and Secretary of State, side by side, were walking across the
ladies’ reception room, in which there was not at the time half a dozen
persons.
One of these was a man of short stature, with a wild eye, restless
but keen, a wicked expression in his face, who moved about nervously
until the two statesmen had half crossed the reception room, a distance
of not more than ten feet from the door.
Then a report, as of a big fire-cracker, challenged the attention of
the policemen at the main door, who thought some boy had fired it in
honor of the President's departure. Instantly another report was
heard, and President Garfield lay prostrate upon the floor of the re-
ception room, wounded in the right arm and in the side just above the
p The first ball from the assassin's revolver struck the President near
the loft shoulder and passed out by the shoulder blade; the second
struck him in the back over the left kidney. -
110.









{
|
º|
Wºº
|\!
M
|
º º
=
º nu
|| ||
| §§ſº
|||}|
|||ſ.
GUITEAU’S CORRESPONDENCE.
º
|































G UI. T E A Uſ’ S C R. I.M. E. 27
The President turned at the first shot, and fell forward on his knees
at receiving the second bullet. Postmaster-General James and others
of his party who had preceded him rushed to his assistance. As the
President fell he exclaimed:
“My God!”
Secretaries Lincoln, Windom and Hunt, and Postmaster-General
James, accompanied by their wives, had preceded the President to the
depot, and had taken seats in the special car that was to take the party
on their journey to New York and the East.
At this time the Postmaster-General, Secretary Windom and Secre-
tary Lincoln were promonading on the platform. Colonel Jamison, of
the Post Office Department, rushed out of the depot immediately after
the shots were fired, and exclaimed:
“The President is shot "''
Either Secretary Lincoln or another gentleman of the party said:
“Oh, nonsense.”
Colonel Jamison said
“I saw it.”
The party then rushed back and found Secretary Blaine, who ap-
peared to be the only coolman in the crowd, bending over the Presi-
dent and keeping people back. -
Immediately upon hearing the pistol shots Officer Kearney, who
remained at his post of duty near the B-street entrance after the Presi-
dent entered the building, ran into the large reception room and was
in time to see the assassin running toward the east door, which opens
on Sixth street. Before reaching this door the assassin turned back to
make his way out of the north door, where he was met and arrested by
Officer Kearney. The officer met the prisoner on the steps and said to
him:
“I must arrest you.’
“All right,” said the assassin. “I did it and will go to jail for it.
I am a Stalwart and Arthur will be President.”
Officer Kearney took his prisoner into the large waiting room,
where he was joined by one of the railroad officers, and escorted to
Police Headquarters. On the way he gave Kearney a card, on which
was written: “Charles Guiteau, of Illinois.”
Guiteau is described on the books at Police Headquarters as fol-

28 G. UIT E A U S. C. R. I.M.E.
lows: Charles Guiteau, arrested at 9:25, July 2, 1881, for shooting
President Garfield; aged 36; white; born in the United States and a
lawyer by profession: weight, 130 pounds; has dark brown thin whis.
kers and sallow complexion; dressed in a dark suit, with black slouch
hat.”
The statement of the policeman on duty at the depot gives the
following account of the assassin's appearance there and of his crime
He said:
“Guiteau arrived at the depot about half an hour ahead of the
Presidential party, and moved about and acted quite restlessly. My
attention was attracted by his movements, but I did not watch the
assassin particularly until I heard him ask a hackman at the Sixth
street depot if he could drive him offin a hurry if required. I thought
that that was a peculiar thing, but bofore I could follow it up closer I
saw the President's party driving down Sixth street to the depot, and I
had to go and look after them. They drove to the B street entrance.
Secretary Blaine was with the President, and the two entered the depot
togethor. The President walked up to me, and asked how much time
ho had before the train left. It was 9:20 o'clock I saw by looking at
my watch, and I told the President that he had ten minutes. Just as
ho thanked me I heard a pistol shot, and, turning, I saw the man that I
had been watching previously standing about ten feet away, in the
shadow of the main ontrance to the waiting room, leveling his revolver
across his arm. He fired a second shot before I could speak to him
and darted between myself and the President and Secretary Blaino into
£ho street.”
At the firing of tho second shot Mr. Parks, the ticket agent at the
depot, ran out of his office. Guiteau tried to make his escape by the
main door on Sixth street, but, being headed off, he turned to make
away by the exit of the ladies' room on C street, when Mr. Parks
grappled him by the left hand and the left shoulder, and held him
until Officer Kearney and Depot Watchman Scott came to his assistance
in a few moments, the former holding him by the right shoulder and the
latter securing him by his clothing in the back. He said that a letter
which he held in his hand and flourished frantically about his head was
going to General Sherman and explained all. When Mr. Parks first laid
his hand on him he made desperate efforts to release himself, but upon
-

G Uſ ITI. A U. 2 S C R T M. E. - 29
-
finding that it was useless he subsided. The letter to General Sherman,
above alluded to, was as follows:
* To General Sherman :
“I have just shot the President. I shot him several times, as I
wished him to go as easily as possible. His death was a political ne–
cessity. I am a lawyer, theologian and politician; I am a Stalwart of
the Stalwarts. I was with General Grant and the rest of our men in
New York during the canvass. I am going to the jail. Please order out
your troops and take possession of the jail at once.
“Very respectfully, CHARLES GUITEAU.”
Lieutenant Eckloff, of the Metropolitan Police force, received the
assassin at Police Headquarters and searched him. He took from his
pocket, unassisted, the pistol he had used. It was too large for the hip
pocket, and he had considerable difficulty in getting it out. He said to
his searchers that they need not be excited at all; that if they wanted
to know why he did the act they would find it in his papersin the breast
pocket of his coat. The pistol was found to be a five shooter, with two
barrels empty. It is what is termed an “English bull-dog,” and carries
a ball as large as a navy revolver does.
The assassin was taken to the District jail. When the prisoner ar-
rived thore he was neatly attired in a suit of blue, and wore a drab hat
pulled down over his eyes, giving him the appearance of an ugly char-
actor. He was placed in close confinement, permitted to receive no
news from without, and except by intuition remained ignorant of the
result of his crime up to his victim’s death.
Guiteau said, on his way to the jail, that the President's assassina-
tion was premeditated, and that he went to Long Branch for the pur-
pose of shooting him there, and was deterred by the enfeebled and sad-
dened condition of Mrs. Garfield, which appealed so strongly to his
sense of humanity that he came back without carrying out his inten-
tion. -
The following letter was taken from his pocket at Police Head-
quarters:
“JULY 2, 1881.
“To the White House :
“The President's tragic death was a sad necessity, but it will unite
the Republican party and save the Republic. Life is a flimsy dream,

30 G U 1 T E A U 2 S C R. I.M. E.
and it matters little when one goes. A human life is of small value
During the war thousands of brave boys went down without a tear. I
presume the President was a Christian, and that he will be happier in
Paradise than here. It will be no worse for Mrs. Garfield, dear soul.
to part with her husband this way than by natural death. He is liable
to go at any time, anyway. I had no ill-will toward the President. His
death was a political necessity. I am a lawyer, theologian and a
teacher. I am a Stalwart of the Stalwarts. I was with General Grant
and the rest of our men in New York during the canvass. I have some
papers for the press, which I shall leave with Byron Andrews and his
company, journalists, at No. 1,420 New York avenue, where all the re-
porters can see them. I am going to the jail. -
“CHARLES GUITEAU.”
CHAPTER V.
THE EIGHT FOR LIFE.
The President at the second shot seemed to take a step forward,
then turned, and saw the assassin standing there with the ready revol-
ver, and for an instant the President and his murderer were face to
face. Then the President reeled. He fainted not to unconsciousness
but to weakness, and even before he could be caught he fell to the
floor, striking the bench as he did so. The Secretary of State knelt
down beside the President, but already tender hands had raised Mr.
Garfield’s head.
Mrs. Sarah W. E. White, the lady in charge of the room, had even
in the brief time that was necessary to reach him, given orders that
water be brought at once. Kneeling there beside him, she raised his
head and placed it in her lap and bathed his face. The President
uttered no sound and said not a word, but when his son Harry came
running back from the outer platform and saw his father, who but a
moment before he had left in such splendid strength and vigor, and
now prostrate, with half-closed eyes and feeble brow, he knelt by his
father, and the President seemed to recognize his son's voice. He
said something more to him, which nobody but the son heard. He
made a brief reply in a low voice, and then the President closed his
eyes again.
MRS. GARFIELD, MOTHER OF THE PRESIDENT.


| | *
º º s |
* * º
ºs \ |
I m \\\ | |
|
- | Wºº
| || \|
\
AT THE DEATH BED,







=№§
THE KISS OF DEATH.



G Uſ I. T.E. A U S C-R. I.M.E. 31
-
Mrs. White, in describing her experience, says: “I was the first to
reach the President and lifted up his head. The janitor rushed in and
called the police. I held him until some men came and lifted him up.
He did not speak to me or to anyone until a young man, who, I think,
was his son, came. tor he had vomited he said something to him.
When he was liftod upon the mattress he spoke or groaned.”
But as it would be impossible to proceed with the medical and
surgical treatment at the depot, it was decided to remove the wounded
President to the mansion. Carefully the mattress on which he lay was
taken up and borno down the long flight of stairs to the police ambu-
lance, which was driven rapidly along Pennsylvania Avenue to the
White House, surrounded by raounted police. Arriving at the man-
sion, the President was carried up-stairs to the large chamber in the
south side. The regular troops soon after arrived, and all the gate-
ways leading to the President’s grounds were closed. Armed sentries
took thoir places at the main gateway, and only those having passes
were permitted to enter. - -
Mrs. Garfield, rocently convalescent herself, was waiting at Long
Branch the pleasure of meeting her husband and commencing the
vacation with him, when the telegraph brought her the news of the
attack on him instead. She set out for Washington almost at once,
traveling in a special car. One engine broke down during the journey,
and the Pennsylvania Company immediately supplied another, and the
wife, who had for weeks been tended and watched upon her sick bed
by her husband, became the nurse in her turn.
When President Garfield was shot down on July 2, the informa-
tion furnished by the medical staff at the White House was that the
ball had broken a rib, and had probably lodged in the liver. They
probed for it superficially but unsuccessfully, and decided to let it re-
main for the time being. On the day following the Washington phys-
icians telegraphed for assistance from New York and Philadelphia–
one from each city. Fever set in almost at the very start, but this was
ascribed to the warm weather, and no effort was made to find the
bullet.
On Thursday, the fifth day after the shooting, a yellow tinge in
the President's complexion apparently confirmed what was still only a
surmise—that the liver had been injured. On the day following, the
32 G UIT_E AU’ S C R T M. E.
wound began to discharge what the official bulletins called “laudable
pus,” and the yellow color was said to be disappearing. The patien
complained greatly, however, of soreness in his feet and ankle-joints,
and the hypodermic injections of morphia, which had been given ever
since the first day, were increased.
The second week began with announcements that “the President
continues to improve slowly.” He was fed on milk and rum. On the
ninth day a higher stage of fever than any noticed hitherto began to
make its appearance, and on the tenth day he began to complain of
pains in the stomach. He was given more morphine and rum and
milk and some bi-sulphate of quinia, and his symptoms improved. On
the last day of the second week he ate some solid food for the first time
since the shooting, and there seemed ground for hoping for his re-
COVery.
This favorable condition continued during almost the entire third
week. There was a regular rise and fall in the fever, but the fever it-
self was not decisive enough to cause alarm. On the twentieth day,
however, some cotton fibre was discharged from the wound, thus show-
ing that the bullet had taken foreign substances with it, and that the
dangers of inflammation were still great. This was confirmed by the
discharge of more cotton fibre, in connection with a piece of the shat-
tered rib, on the day following.
The fourth week opened with a sudden attack of spasms and
chills, and the Washington physicians telegraphed for the two who
had formerly been summoned from New York and Philadelphia. It
was discovorod that the attack was due to the obstruction of the free
flow of pus from the wound. The unfavorable symptoms continuing the
noxt day, an incision was made below the wound, and through this the
pus was discharged by means of a rubber tube. This afforded him
considerable relief, and the subsequent removal of several pieces of
the shattered rib increased his easiness. That pyemia, or blood pois-
oning, would set in unless the bullet and the other substances were re-
moved, was pointed out at the end of this (the fourth) week by several
medical journals abroad, notably the London Lancet.
The symptoms at the beginning of the fifth week were all favor-
able, however, and Dr. Bliss predicted that the President would be able
to sit up in about three weeks. Professor Bell made an attempt to














& U T E M tº s of r ºf E. 33
locate the bullet with his induction balance, and said that it was just
above the groin on the left side.
The first day of the fifth week, however, high fever set in again,
and although it abated somewhat towards evening, it grew rather worse
the next day, August 7. It continued throughout the week. The dis-
covery of another pus cavity added to the general anxiety, which was
further increased by the setting in of nausea. The introduction of
some of the pus from the President's wound into a scratch on Dr.
Bliss’ hand was followed by a very marked swelling of the hand, show-
ing the virulent character of the pus and accentuating the warning
about the danger of blood poisoning.
On Saturday, August 13, the first day of the seventh week, the fever
had not receded materially. On Sunday the fever abated, but on Mon-
day it became much worse, and there was the greatest alarm for the
President's life. His stomach had refused food, nausea and vomiting
set in, and his pulse reached 130. He continued in this precarious
condition all of the next day, but in the evening a slight change for the
better set in. On Thursday, the 19th, the stomach was reported as
having recovered itself, but the alarming news came that swelling of
the parotid gland had set in. The eighth week was reported as hav-
ing begun with favorable stomachic symptoms and a subsistence of the
swelling of the parotid gland. On Sunday, August 21, however, the
vomiting again set in and the President was awakened at frequent in-
tervals during the night by the secretion of phlegm in the throat. On
Monday and Tuesday he appeared about the same, but on Tuesday it
was thought advisable to lance the glandular swelling, and a small
quantity of pus was discharged from it. On Thursday the President
was wandering in his mind. On Friday, the last day of the eighth
week, all hope was practically abandoned, for there was now no doubt
but that blood poisoning had set in and that the swelling of the parotid
gland was a decided symptom of it.
Saturday, August 29, was the first day of the ninth week. The
President had passed a very restless night. His pulse was officially an-
nounced as at 120, but it at times rose to 130. During the morning the
President became very despondent and asked Mrs. Garfield whether she
did not think the end was near. About four o’clock in the afternoon he
rallied somewhat, however, and asked for some milk toast, which was

34 G U 1 T E A U S C R. I.M. E.
given him, and he ate it with relish. The improvement continued dur-
ing the night and the next few days, and hopes of his ultimate recovery
were once more entertained. The glandular swelling was punctured in
five different places, and he bore the strain very well. He took beef
tea freely and a little solid food occasionally, and towards the end of
the week he began to show signs of returning strength, and the talk of
taking him away from Washington was revived. He expressed himself
as most anxious to go and Mrs. Garfield seconded him in his wish. On
Friday, the last day of this week, a consultation of the doctors was
held, and it was decided to remove him to Long Branch. Their explai
nation was, that while he was holding his own he was not likely to do
so long unless he gained strength, which they did not expect him to do
while breathing the malarial air of Washington.
As usual on Saturday, the President got worse on that which
opened the tenth week of his illness. He rallied somewhat towards
evening, but during the night he vomited twice, the doctors ascribing
it to phlegm in the throat. Sunday night he was very restless and
“there was great difficulty to get him to sleep.” This restlessness cons
tinued during Monday and was mainly due to his mind dwelling on his
prospective removal to Elberon. This removal took place the next day,
Tuesday, the 6th, and was accomplished without accident.
He was taken on a stretcher to an ambulance and driven to a special
car prepared for his reception. He bore the journey well despite the
weather, which was decidedly warm. The train left Washington at half-
past six o'clock in the morning, and arrived at Elberon in a little less
- - than seven hours.
* - His first night at the Francklyn cottage was a feverish one, and the
next day he was rather worse. The extremely high temperature, unre-
lieved by the ocean breeze, for the purpose of which he had been
brought on, was responsible for this, and when cooler weather set in
on Thursday he began to grow better, and ate a small quantity of solid
food in addition to the liquid. It was announced that the number of
surgeons in attendance had been reduced by three, Drs. Reyburn,
Barnes and Woodward retiring. On Friday the President was so much
better that the doctors expressed themselves hopeful that he was on a
fair way to convalescence. A report that his lungs were affected was
denied by them.
ANNOUNCING THE PRESIDENT’S DEATH AT LONG BRANCH,


ſūtītī|●
º º
|||
POSTING NEWS OF THE PRESIDENT’S DEATH AT THE FIFTH AVE. HOTEL,




G U T. T. E. A U S C R T M. E. 35
-
On Saturday, September 11, the first day of the eleventh week, D
Bliss said that the President was gaining strength rapidly and that
fever had nearly left him. On Sunday, however, he was decidedly worse.
On Monday there was an improvement again, and it was so marked that
the members of the Cabinet who had accompanied the President to
Long Branch left for a trip to the White Mountains. On Tuesday he
was placed in a chair near a window, it being the first time since the
shooting that he occupied any but a recumbent position. On Wednes-
day he also sat up and ate well, but his pulse rose very high, and the
next day the physicians had the courage to admit officially that he was
still and had been for several weeks suffering from blood poisoning.
On Friday he was worse. His pulse rose up to 116 and he was deliri-
ous at times. The lung trouble also seemed to be aggravated.
On Saturday, September 17, just eleven weeks after Guiteau’s
crime, the President's symptoms began to grow so decidedly worse that
even Dr. Bliss had to admit that the chances of recovery were almost
nil. There was e severe chill shortly before 11 o'clock in the morning,
lasting for half an hour. In the fever that ensued the pulse rose to 137,
and vomiting followed. In order to keep him from dying from exhaus-
tion enemata of beef blood were administered, the stomach having re-
fused to work. The lung difficulties seemed also to have increased.
The President's strong constitution—or what remained of it—
made another desperate struggle for life during Sunday, however.
According to the doctors it was the best Sunday he had passed in
several weeks. There was no signs of permanent improvement, though,
and towards evening another chill set in, succeeded by fever, which
sent the pulse up to 129. For the first time, also, the temperature fell
to 98, which is below what is ordinarily considered normal. The chill
came on about six o'clock and lasted about fifteen minutes. During
the night the President grew weaker, and, despite the application of
hot blankets and other known means, his temperature remained below
the normal point. Still he lived, though battling like a Titan with the
dark angel hovering over him, waiting to inclose him in its fatalem-
brace.

36 G. UTI T E AU’ S C R. I. M.E.
C EIAPT E R VI.
GUITEAU IN JALL-
Meanwhile, while his victim was enduring the demoniac torments
he had imposed upon him, how fared it with the miscreant in the
Washington Jail?
- Guiteau was carried to Police Headquarters when first arrested.
The officer who locked him up in a cell there a few minutes after the
shooting says: -
“The man looked frightened when brought in. He was very ner-
vous. His eyes were snapping and wild. I put him in a cell as
quickly as possible. He at once became cool and deliberate, and when
asked why he had committed this terrible deed he calmly and firmly
replied: “It will be no use for you to ask me questions, for I am a law-
yer. He refused to say anything whatever regarding the affair at the
depot.”
Guiteau's commitment to jail was regularly issued by Judge Snell.
About fifteen minutes after the shooting of the President, Captain Ver-
non, of the police force, came to the police court and stated that he had
consulted Secretary Blaine as to the proper mode of proceeding, and
was advised by Mr. Blaine to go to the police court and get a warrant
from Judge Snell for assault and battery with intent to kill. The war-
rant was sworn out by Captain Vernon, and a commitment was placed
in his hands. He immediately committed Guiteau to jail on these
papers, to await the result of the President's injuries. -
One of the policemen who helped to take Guiteau from police
headquarters to the jail says:
“I don’t think that the wretch is so far gone with insanity that he
is not afraid to die. We kept him here at headquarters but a short
time. A very threatening crowd began to gather in front of the build-
ing on the avenue, and it was decided to be best to get him away as
soon as possible. While we were getting him into the closed carriage
there were cries of “Shoot him!” “Kill him " These threats fright-
ened him. As soon as he was put into the carriage he crouched back
in the seat and pulled down his hat over his eyes. McElfest sat on
one side of him and I on the other, and the fellow concealed himself as
% - 2\, º --~~ ^* :
wº
#
|
|
| º -
| | º |
* | |
|
-
E.
l
WWN, ſº
\º S iſ
º |\ſº
S. º º
\\\\\\ - º - º | -
º | º ºn º º º º/
º º % º Alſº
|





















= H- - == -
–T
= −.
| |
Fºllº º
|
| º
| | | || | |
| | |
| |
|\ \\ } iii.
T
|
|||||||
|
| º Nº.
Nº.
|
$7% [. \ %
2^\s ſº
º
º
º % -
3. º 3% 7
ANNOUNCING THE PRESIDENT'S DEATH FROM THE STAGE.

-


G U 1 T E A U S C R T M. E. 37
-
well as he could between us. He was greatly frightened; he trembled
with fear.”
Arrived at the jail, he was rapidly recorded and assigned to a cell.
The following is an admirable description of his life there:
On the wall of Guiteau's cell are four pictures, cut from illustrated
newspapers, pasted to one side of the window and placed one under-
neath the other. They are: first, George and Martha Washington;
next, Puck’s “Tally-Ho" picture of General Garfield choosing his Cabi-
net; then directly under this a full-sized picture of General Garfield,
with his hands in his pockets, looking down on Guiteau's cot, and
lastly, Puck's picture of English lords and American loons. These
were pasted up by Percy Brown, who occupied the cell some time
since, pending his trial for blackmailing Mrs. Willard.
Guiteau is up every morning with the lark, and perched upon the
sill of his cell window gazes at the narrow streaks of light. But as
soon as the guard looks toward him he ducks his head and disappears
after the style of a prairie dog. He goes bare-headed around his cells
in his bare feet, and wears only his pants and shirt. His coat and hat
he keeps hanging from a peg in the wall.
“This is hell,” said Guiteau, peevishly, one day, as he paced up
and down his five by eight cell. He asked a guard to tell him whether
the President was dead or not ; if alive still what were the chances of
his recovery. No reply was made to him. He declared that he would
not tell anything more to any official who should visit him until he
should be allowed to see the papers. What he would like would be
that the newspaper reporters should have access to him, that his opin-
ions and doings should be spread abroad, and that he should be al-
lowed to feed his love of notoriety by gloating over the papers daily.
Instead of this no information is allowed to reach him, and no one
is allowed to visit him save the law officers of the Government and Dis-
trict. This seclusion is the worst punishment that could be inflicted
upon him and he chafes under it. A company of artillery is stationed
inside the jail wall, and a soldier is constantly on guard in the corridor
in front of Guiteau's cell. One of the deputy warden's is also there
constantly, but they are forbidden to speak to him. They are placed
so that they could see and instantly frustrate any attempt at suicide or
escape. There is no possibility of him breaking out or of a mob break-

38 G UI T E AU’ S C R. I. M. E.
ing into him. The outer wall of the prison is three feet thick. Within
that is a corridor eighteen feet wide. Then comes another three feet
of masonry, and inside are the cells.
Guiteau receives the same treatment as the rest of the prisoners.
His prison cot is furnished with a straw mattress, two blankets and a
pillow. Every prisoner is required to keep his cell tidy. Guiteau
generally gets up about 6, makes his bed and puts his room in order.
At 8 o'clock he receives his breakfast, consisting of potatoes, bread and
coffee, and alternately of either salt mackerel or codfish. This is put
in a tin ration box and handed in to him. He has dinner at 3 o'clock
It consists of bread, potatoes, and alternately of corned beef or fresh
meat. Three times a week he receives vegetable soup in addition. On
Friday he gets no meat at dinner, but is given bean soup instead. He
gets only these two meals a day. At 9 o'clock the gas is turned off and
the lights in the cells go out, when there is nothing for him to do but
to go to bed. He eats and sleeps well.
There could be no severer punishment to a person of his depraved
mind and perverted feelings than the seclusion and ignorance in which
he is kept. His egotism and vanity are intense, and nothing troubles
him save that he is not allowed to revel in the details of the crime.
General J. S. Crocker, the warden of the jail, said to a correspon-
dent:
“Since he has been here he has never manifested any sign of re-
gret or remorse on account of his act. He takes a pride in the notoriety
he thinks he has gained, and would like to talk about it constantly if
he was allowed to do so. He was very inquisitive at first in regard to
events outside, but no one was allowed to talk to him or give him any
information, and he has stopped asking questions, because he finds it is
110 use.
“He lounges on the bed a good deal of his time. Sometimes he
walks up and down his cell for exercise, and he reads about half his
time. After he found that he could not get hold of any newspapers he
asked for some reading matter. I mentioned several books that we had
here, but he did not care for them, and said he would rather have a
Bible. He was given one, and said he would read it through by sec-
tions. I suppose he meant that he would start at Genesis and go
straight through, as that is the way he seems to be doing. He said
CHESTER A. ARTHUR,
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES IN SUCCESSION TO JAMES A. GARFIELD,
swoºn IN of FICE SEPTEMBER 20, 1881. -




G U 1 T. E. A U S C R. I.M. E. 39
to me that he had been a close student of the Bible, and had once
written a book called “The Truth,” which he intended to be used as a
companion volume to the New Testament. He said that he had pub-
lished the work, but nearly the whole edition had been destroyed by
fire in the printing house. He had rewritten and enlarged it, but had
not been able to publish it again. -
“He said that he was a Christian, but that he had some peculiar
views of his own. He thinks that the second coming of Christ took
place at the destruction of Jerusalem. He also holds that people at
the present day get inspiration from God just as in the days of the
prophets.”
During the hot weather Guiteau wore only a shirt and a pair of
pantaloons and went about his cell barefooted. Once he complained of
illness, and the jail physician found that he was somewhat bilious and
prescribed for him. He asked for a bath, which was allowed. He ap-
peared to enjoy it very much, and put on fresh underclothing furnished
from the prison store. He remarked, on being put in his cell again:
“I am going to dismiss the President and politics from my mind
now and read the Bible.”
When General Crocker approaches the cell he always endeavors to
get into conversation, in the hope of getting some information, but the
warden will tell him nothing, and he retires sulkily to his bed and goes
on with his Biblical studies.
One constant demand with him was to be permitted to receive the
newspapers. Another was for his correspondence, which the District
Attorney refused, as he did the first. The assassin grew more and more
morose at these rebuffs. He wrote a great deal and slept poorly. His
dreams were haunted by the memory of his crime. -
On August 15th, Guiteau had been uneasily questioning the jail
officers for a week about the President's condition, and resented their
refusal to answer any questions. One of the guards, W. C. McGill, was on
duty in Guiteau's corridor that night. McGill’s son says that his father
had incurred Guiteau's enmity by ridiculing him. When McGill looked
into Guiteau's cell at 41-2 on the morning of the 17th, he saw Guiteau
lying on the bed leaning on his left elbow and staring intently at the
upper bars of the window close by him. McGill says that something
peculiar in the attitude or actions of the prisoner struck him “What

40 G. U TT E AU’ S C E J M.E.
are you doing there?" he demanded. Guiteau made no reply, McGill
unlocked the cell door and went in. By the dim light from the lamp
in the corridor he saw a knife in Guiteau’s hand.
“What are you doing with that knife?” he repeated.
“So help me God, I have no knife,” Guiteau, he said, answered.
“Drop the knife, the keeper commanded, approaching him.
Guiteau sprang up, and, advancing, made a sweeping downward
stroke with the knife, cutting into the lapel of McGill's coat and bareſy
missing his face. Then he sprang back, and the keeper drew his pis-
tol. He says he did not cockit, but presented it at Guiteau's head, and
commanded him to give up the knife. Guiteau, he says, sprang at him
and seized his arms, and they struggled for the possession of the pistol.
They fell over upon the bed and McGill dropped the pistol. Guiteau
loosed his hold to snatch at it, but McGill recovered it and cocked it.
Guiteau seized his arms again and the struggle recommenced, with the
difference that the pistol was likely to explode at any moment. McGill
raised his right arm free and tried to level the weapon at Guiteau, but
Guiteau, exclaiming, “Don’t shoot me !” and “Give me my pistol!”
struck up his arm and the weapon was harmlessly discharged at the
ceiling. Guards Dutton and Jones heard the report and hurried to the
cell. Guiteau let McGill go and sat down on his bed, crying, “They
are trying to kill me. Give me the pistol; it belongs to me.” He at-
tempted to conceal under his foot the knife he had dropped. He was
secured and locked up in another cell. His own cell was carefully
searched without success for more concealed weapons.
The knife is what is known to convicts as a “cheeser.” It was
made from the steel shank of a shoe ground sharp on both edges and
to a point. The blade thus formed was about three inches long. By
wrapping paper about the other end and binding it tightly with twine
a stout handle was made, and a very good knife and very ugly weapon
was produced. It was supposed that Guiteau found the knife in the
mattress of his bed, for the guards say that the other prisoners despise
him too much to have passed it to him. His shoes were examined, and
it was found that he had not removed the shank from either of them.
They were taken away, and contract brogans were given to him in
their stead.
There is no means of knowing just what Guiteau's motive was for



G. UIT E A U S C R. I.M. E. 41.
attacking the guard. He pretends to believe that the guard's pistol
was his; that he had been wrongfully deprived of it, and that there
was a plot to kill him in the jail.
To Warden Crocker he said that he thought the guard was an in-
truder, and had come into his cell for an improper purpose. In answer
to the question why he was looking at the window, he said that he
could not sleep, and was looking around to pass away the time. The War-
den thought, however, that he was examining the top of the bars of the
window with a view to hanging himself. Guiteau's explanation of his
possession of the “cheeser” was that he picked it up in his cell, and
had been using it for several days, and that it had been concealed in
the bedclothes.
Thus, while his victim was dying in freedom did the murderer lan-
guish in uncongenial seclusion, gnawing his heart to pieces because he
could not achieve the notoriety he craved.
As time wore on, however, and the grim solitude of confinement
preyed upon him, he became more and more frightened. The fear of
death, heightened by his struggle with McGill, which many were in-
clined to believe was a deliberate scheme to mete out summary ven-
geance to him, was ever present, and he often asked his jailer, “Is this
place well guarded? I've a right to a fair trial, you know, and it's your
duty to keep me safe till I can get it.”
He had need to be alarmed for his safety, as we shall show.
C HAPTE R VII.
THE DEED DONE.
We have traced the condition of President Garfield down to the
morning of September 19th. Now for the climax of the tragedy.
The day opened gloomily at Elberon. The night had been one of
comparative comfort, and at daybreak the physicians thought the
President was a little better. He seemed to have some appetite, and
no indications of an approaching chill were noted. The insidious
nature of these attacks was again made manifest soon after 8 o'clock.
The President had been very quiet and seemingly comfortable-
42 G. UITE A U S C R J M.E.
Suddenly he complained of chilliness. His body was wrapped in warm
flannels, and he was sponged with hot alcohol, but the rigor could not
be averted. He shivered, and every muscle in his body was rigid. The
pulse went up to 140 and even higher, but it was so thready and feeble
that it was impossible to count the beats after they had passed that
figure. There was great danger that he would sink into a comatose
state after the rigor had passed, and every exertion was made to induce
reaction. Hot flannels were applied to the feet, and a poultice of raw
onions cut small and steeped in alcohol was placed upon his stomach.
In addition cooling lotions were applied to the head, and the arms and
limbs were rubbed vigorously. The result was that a reaction was
established much sooner than the physicians expected. After fifteen
minutes had elapsed, Dr. Bliss noticed increasing warmth in the feet,
and at the same time the rigidity of the muscles was observed to be
relaxing. It was evident that the rigor was passing away in about
half the time the first one had lasted. That one, in spite of the most
vigorous treatment, had only yielded after half an hour.
The vitality of the President once more astonished the physicians-
After the rigor had passed he fell asleep, and although his pulse was
still beating about 120, yet his temperature had not decreased more
than a tenth of a degree or so below the normal point. He awoke in
about twenty minutes and said to Dr. Bliss, “Doctor, I feel very com-
fortable, but I also feel dreadfully weak. I wish you would give me
the hand glass and let me look at myself."
General Swaim said: “Oh, no; don't do that, General. See if you
cannot get some sleep.”
“I want to see myself,” the President replied.
Mrs. Garfield then gave him the hand glass. He held it in a posi-
tion which enabled him to see his face. Mrs. Garfield, Dr. Bliss, Dr.
Agnew, Gen. Swaim and Dr. Boynton stood around the bed, saying not
a word, but looking at the President. He studied the reflection of his
own features. At length he wearily let the glass fall upon the counter-
pane, and, with a sigh, said to Mrs. Garfield: “Crete, I do not see how
it is that a man who looks as well as I do should be so dreadfully
weak.”
In a moment or two he asked for his daughter Mollie. They told
him that she would come to see him later in the day. He said, how-

G. UIT E A U · S C R. I. M. E. 43
ever, that he wanted to see her at once. When the child went into the
room she kissed her father and told him that she was glad to see that
he was looking so much better. He said: “You think I do look better,
Mollie?” She said: “I do, papa, and then she took a chair and sat
near the foot of the bed.
A moment or two after Dr. Boynton noticed that she was swaying
in the chair. He stepped up to her, but before he could reach her she
had fallen over in a dead faint. They carried her out where she could
get the fresh breeze from the ocean, and after restoratives were applied
she speedily recovered.
The President, they thought, had not noticed what had happened
to his petted child, for he seemed to have sunk into the stupor which
has characterized his condition most of the time. But when Dr. Boyn-
ton came back into the room he was astonished to hear the President
say, “Poor little Mollie! She fell over like a log. What was the
matter?”
They assured the President that the fainting fit was caused by the
closeness of the room, and that she was quite restored. He again
sank into a stupor or sleep, which lasted until the noon examination.
This stupor was not healthy sleep. The President frequently mut-
tered and rolled and tossed his head upon the pillow.
After the noon examination there was very little change in the
President's condition, except that it was noticed that there was mental
confusion. At the same time the President was doing so well compara-
tively that the physicians entertained a slight hope that the evening,
and possibly the night, would pass without any recurrence of rigors.
The history of the dying bed begins a little after seven o’clock
Monday night. At that hour Colonel Rockwell and General Swaim
came on duty as the nurses. General Swaim was to have the first tour
of duty, beginning at nine o'clock, at which time Dr. Bliss, who had
never remained with the patient longer than to designate what treat-
ment should be pursued, or in case of emergency to administer it him-
self, had been with him. They had talked together almost pleasantly.
The President himself had ventured to make a jest, and when Swaim
had remarked to Dr. Bliss, “The flow of pus is something more than
considerable,” he looked up and said:
“Put it on the tariff list.”


44 G U 1 T E A U S C R. I. M. E.
Dr. Bliss thought that his mind was wandering, and, turning to
Swaim, said quietly and in a half undertone, and using an expression
familiar to those about the sick room, said interrogatively:
“Wool gathering?”
Swaim shook his head, but the President's quick ears and ready
intelligence had heard and interpreted the remark, and turning his
head half way, said:
“No, not that, doctor,” and then passed into sleep.
At that hour his pulse was 110, his temperature normal, his respi-
ration 18. No one about that sick bed, not even Dr. Agnew, nor Dr.
Bliss himself, nor Swaim or Rockwell—the two latter physicians them-
selves–thought that the end was near. Every indication was that the
patient would pass a comparatively comfortable, pleasant night.
About half-past nine o'clock Dr. Bliss had written on the tablets
which were used for the midnight memoranda the instructions for the
nurses during the night—at what hours medicines should be adminis-
tered and in what quantity—closing, as all the instructions have closed,
that in case of emergency nothing should be done until he himself had
been called. When he had made the memoranda, he drew it from the
pad of which it was a part, and found that it was the last sheet. He
remarked the fact to General Swaim, and said:
“It don't signify; although if we were superstitious in the pres-
ence of this crisis we might misinterpret its meaning.”
The instructions being read to General Swaim and some explana-
tory direction given by Dr. Bliss the latter withdrew to his room. Gen-
eral Swaim followed him, and as they passed out of the door Mrs.
Garfield came from her room on the floor above and met them. She
asked:
“Is he better?”
General Swaim replied:
“He is certainly easier.”
Then she turned to Dr. Bliss and asked:
“How is he in your opinion, Doctor?”
He replied:
“He is easier.”
“Who watches with him to-night?”
The question was addressed to Dr. Bliss, who answered it by indi-
|×
%%
№
ſ}，//%}
// ±//ſ/Ø
\，
17%
// ±
THE OATH OF THE AVIENGERS TO LYNCH GUITEAU.



º
G UIT E A U · S C R T M. E. 45.
cating General Swaim, who stood by his side. She said: “I will go
into the room. He is not asleep, is he?” and without waiting for the
question to be answered passed through the door.
It was the last interview between husband and wife. They were
together nearly half an hour. -
General Swaim came into the Doctor's room across the hall and
finished smoking his cigar. While he was there Colonel Rockwell
came in, and, lighting a fresh cigar, sat down to talk with the Doctor.
The two chatted hopefully of his condition, and both of them had
reason to believe, as they said then and afterward, that the great ex-
tremity of his condition was being reached, and there was a chance for
him to be carried over the crisis.
In the meantime General Swaim had returned to the room. He
found the President sleeping. He sat down by the window that opened
toward the sea, and, taking up the evening paper, was reading it when
he heard the President gasp and make an effort to speak. It was
then about 10 o’clock. He at once arose and came to the President's
bedside. He stood there looking at him as he apparently lay in sleep.
He was about to return to his chair at the window when the sufferer
opening his eyes, saw and recognized him and said: >
“Well, Swaim * and then, immediately afterward—
“Oh, my, Swaim, what a pain. I have here—right here !” placing
his hand to his heart.
General Swaim leaned over and felt his pulse, and then, finding
himself unable to count its measures, spoke to the President and said:
“Are you in pain?”
He received no answer. James A. Garfield had spoken his last
words. At that moment “Dan, the colored servant, entered the room
from the dressing room on the west side, bringing with him a bowl of
cracked ice, which he placed on the table. General Swaim turned to
him and said:
“Well, Dan, are you to be with me to-night?” and, turning again,
looked at the President and said:
“He is not sleeping,” and, speaking abruptly, “Call Dr. Bliss
quickly.”
Dan crossed the room and entered Dr. Bliss' chamber. He found
him sitting at a table over his letters. Colonel Rockwell had just left


46 G U 1 T E A U S C R IM E.
the room and had gone down stairs to join his wife, who was seated on
the lower piazza in company with his daughter and Miss Mollie Gar-
field.
Dan's message was abrupt.
“Come in quickly, Dr. Bliss,” he said, and the Doctor hastily
crossed the hall and entered the chamber. It required but one glance
of his experienced eye to see what had happened. Death was at hand.
Already the pallor of his face indicated its presence. His features
were set in the stern lines of death. Before he had touched his pulse
or had even crossed the room to his bedside he declared in these
terms :
“Swaim, he is dying. Call Drs. Agnew and Hamilton, and send
for his wife that she may see him alive.”
Within half a minute Mrs. Garfield, who had been lying in her
room, entered the sick chamber. Her face was pale, her manner self-
possessed, and she had nothing to say, except in the one question ad-
dressed to Dr. Bliss:
“Is there no hope 2"
“Madame,” replied the Doctor, gravely, “he is dying.”
“Oh, God!” exclaimed Mrs. Garfield. “What have I done to
suffer this cruel wrong?”
Before that, however, Mrs. Rockwell, Miss Mollie Garfield, Private
Secretary Brown, Miss Lulu Rockwell, Colonel Rockwell and Dr. Agnew
entered the room in the order of naming. Dr. Bliss stood at the head
of the bed, on the east side. Next to him was Mrs. Garfield, Dr. Agnew,
Colonel Rockwell, Mr. John Ricard, H. L. Atchinson and four attend.
ants.
QUITE UNCONSCIOUS.
At the time he was quite unconscious. His eyes were half-closed
and the balls of them were turned up, so that the lines of white showed
between the half-open lids. There was no sound in the sick room
except his breathing, which at times was most stertorous, and at other
times could scarcely be heard. The lights, which had been dimmed,
were turned up by Dr. Bliss himself, who sat near the head of the bed,
or half leaned upon it rather, holding the pulse of the patient in his
hand and occasionally whispering in the ear of Dr. Agnew, whose gray
head was bent low beside him.
G. UIT E A U S C R. I.M. E. 47
At one time Mrs. Rockwell, with her own daughter and Miss Mollie
Garfield, withdrew from the room. Returning, the latter came to where
her mother stood by the side of the bed. She put her arm about her
and said to her quietly, but so that it was overheard by Mrs. Rockwell.
who stood near :
“Is it death º'
The only answer of the mother as she drew her child closer to her
breast was to say:
“My daughter!”
It was not many minutes later when death ensued. The life light
went out so gradually that it scarcely darkened the great temple of its
habitation, and the line between absolute darkness and its fading light
was hardly manifest when he was dead and his form had sunk into that
repose from which it could never be lifted. When the limbs had as-
sumed that eternal rigor which only decay could change, Dr. Bliss com-
pleted the dramatic and tragic part by saying, in a half whisper, as he
felt the pulse and endeavored in vain to hear the heart-beats that had
gone : -
“It is over.”
With that the scene ended.
The time was 10:35.
At that very time a group of ladies and gentlemen at the Elberon
Hotel were looking at the quiet cottage, conversing on the sufferer it
sheltered.
“Do you see,” said one of this company, “the sky to-night? How
bright it is! Every constellation fixed and radiant, and far out upon
the ocean how the stars shine there in sympathy?”
“Yes.” -
“Do you see how over that Elberon cottage there is a spot of sky,
starless, dark, dismal, black, as if the universe had forbidden its
glories?”
“Yes.”
There came to the piazza a policeman, with his number on his hat,
a quiet, patient person, his life given to the maintenance of order, whose
duty it was to see that the peace of the law was preserved, plodding up
and down his day's duty, and, taking the speaker by the armin a fidgetty
manner, whispered :
“The President is dead!”



48 G. UITE AU’ S C R. T.M. E.
CHAPTER VIII.
THE AWENGERS.
It would be superfluous for us to dilate on the spreading of the
news of the tragedy which we have followed to its end. Every man
woman and child in America knows the shock it caused ; has seen th
signs of mourning all about. Let us turn our attention to the author
of the calamity again.
Guiteau remained in jail, as we have shown, in ignorance of his
victim's condition. He knew, up to the morning of September 20th,
that he was not dead, but that was all.
On the evening of September 11th an attempt had been made to
take the assassin's life. At 6:30 o'clock that day a squad of Company
B, Second Artillery, of Captain McGilfray's command, was sent to the
jail to relieve guard. The First Sargeant was a man named Thomas
Mason. He was a tall, fine-looking fellow of 38, an efficient soldier and
a sober man. A native of Virginia, he joined the Union Army nine-
teen years ago and served throughout the war and since, despite the
fact that he had five brothers on the Confederate side. He had been
serving in Texas at the time the news of Guiteau's crime reached there,
and is said to have asserted his intention then and there of killing him
if he could.
On the evening in question the squad to which he belonged drove
up to the jail in three wagons. He was on the first, with the Captain
and two others. As soon as the wagon stopped in front of the jail he
got out, walked a few feet away to a window that commanded the win-
dow of Guiteau's cell, raised his rifle and fired at the window. The
bullet entered Guiteau's cell and glanced harmlessly from the wall.
Captain McGilfray ran up to Mason as he stood with his rifle presented
after the shot, and Mason said to him, excitedly:
“I fired the shot, Captain, and I intended to kill the scoundrel. I
did not enlist to guard an assassin.”
He was disarmed, put under arrest, and sent to the arsenal. He
said that before leaving the arsenal he had loaded his gun with a 45
calibre ball for the purpose of killing Guiteau. He said he had been
thinking about doing it for several days, and had concluded that it was
º，
----
©\\
|-
|
THE VIGIL WITH DEATH.



G. UIT E A U S C R. I.M. E. 49
his duty to kill Guiteau. “I hope to God I did hit him,” he said. “It
was raining, but if it had been a clear day I would have killed him.”
Mason is a fine marksman, and Gen. Ayres, who commands the
Second Artillery, to which he belongs, says he undoubtedly would have
hit Guiteau had Guiteau been at the window. As it was, Guiteau was
driven into an agony of fear by the shot. He was found crouched in
one corner of his cell crying loudly for protection, and begged to be re-
moved to a cell where he would not be exposed. He was removed. '
After this event, the miserable wretch spent his days in mortal ter-
ror. His inquiries as to the means taken to guard the jail and to pre-
vent further assaults on him were constant. He spent his nights in a
long misery of wakefulness, resting in short snatches of slumber beset
with troubled dreams.
The morning after the news of the President's death reached Wash-
ington, General Crocker, the Warden, broke the news to Guiteau. “I
visited him,” he says, “at ten o'clock this morning, and pursued such a
course with him as to learn positively that previously to my visit he was
not aware of the fatal termination of his act. When I first approached
him he was looking as usual and appeared as though nothing unex-
pected had transpired, and asked me what was the news to-day. I
said there was no special news. He then asked what the papers said
about the President. I replied that I had not yet read the papers of
this morning. He asked several other questions to which I replied
equivocally, all of which proved that he had no knowledge of the Pres-
ident's fate. Then, in reply to a direct question, I said that the Pres-
ident was dead. I observed him closely in order to see if such an
announcement made any effect upon him such as to cause any mental
disturbance or shock, but so far as I could observe I saw no indication
of anything of the kind. He simply said, ‘Well, I am glad the President
is out of pain. He continued that he was extremely sorry that he had
suffered so long, as it was not his intention to cause such misery. He
had removed him under direction of Divine Providence, and his inten-
tiºn was to have accomplished the act instantly and without inflicting
any misery upon the President.
“I think he has been laboring under a great deal of mental dis-
turbance, but not from remorse or regret at the deed he committed.
In fact, he has never betrayed any evidences of regret at the act, but

50 G. UIT E A U 2 S C R T M. E.
rather great solicitation for his own personal safety. He remembers
the agitation against him on the part of the public at the time he com-
mitted the act, and his fears have been augmented by the recent attempt
of Mason to shoot him. His self-interest seems to be the sole subject
of his thoughts. His health is good and his physical condition im-
proved since he arrived here. When he was first incarcerated he said
that he weighed 132 pounds. Now he certainly weighs 145 pounds.
He takes great pride in his physique and general appearance. After
eating he will stretch his stomach, stroke himself and admire his shape
and otherwise show an unbounded egotism and profound admiration
of his personal appearance.” -
Later in the day he tried to gain further information, but it was
kept from him and he went to bed little wiser than he had got up. He
was cool as a cucumber though, all his fears seemed to have vanished.
He slept soundly after midnight, and, on awakening, ate a hearty break-
fast. He asked the guard whether there was any excitement outside.
“Oh, no,” said the guard, “the city is perfectly quiet.”
“It is what might have been expected,” said Guiteau. “I have
great faith in the law-abiding tendencies of the American people. They
can almost always be trusted to respect law and preserve order. I
have no fear that any mob, large or small, will attempt to storm these
massive walls.”
Despite his assurance, however, there was danger abroad for him.
On the night before the President died, in accordance with a previous
understanding, a body of men met at nine o'clock in a little grove on
the roadside leading to Milburn, about half a mile above Middleville,
N. J. White coverings concealed the faces of these men. When all
had assembled there were about fifty persons present. Two were ap-
pointed to stand on the macadamized road, and three others were
stationed at short distances in a neighboring cornfield. About half a
mile further on stands the Milburn Town Poorhouse and farm. With-
in a stone's throw of the site of the meeting there is a very pretty
white house, with vine-covered lattice work at the entrance, and a sign,
with the inscription, “Beware of the dog,” conspicuous on a large
cherry tree.
After the pickets had been posted, the roll was called by numbers.
Each person in responding went forward and whispered the password
ºr ºr 4 º
|º ". Nº
|ºsºft'ſ
||º ºl.
w | - -
||| º º
||||||||W º
|
º - N
- * - ºv. \
|Nº. s \ .
| , /V
- N |
ſ||
| |
|
|
º
- º
Alsº
| | -- #
| |
- |||||| |
º
|-
GUITEAU ENDEAVORS TO STAB HIS JAILER.



G U IT E A U S C R. I. M. E. st
to the person who acted as master of ceremonies. Numbers 10, 13 and
47 were asked whether the resolutions were ready to be presented.
They responded in the affirmative. A paper was produced which read:
Whereas, This association of citizens of the United States, which
will be known to its members as the Nation's Avengers, feel that it is
only by the divine mercy of a just Providence that we are enabled to-
day to have living a President of these United States; and
Whereas, By his straightforward and upright administration he
has provoked the anger of a cowardly and contemptible assassin, who
sought to deprive the nation of one whose every heart throb meets with
a responsive pulsation at the heart of every true citizen of the United
States ; and
Whereas, In the event of the recovery of the President, which God
grant may occur, but a pitiable measure of justice will be meted out to
a dastard, whose just deserts would be the rack of the inquisition; and
Whereas, If the worst should occur, and we are deprived of our
God's nobleman by the hand of this assassin, we will witness one of
those every-day scenes of a legal execution, wherein the assassin is
made to appear more like a martyr; and
Whereas, It has been our experience in the past that all the execu-
tions that have taken place have failed to stem the tide of assassina-
tion, we deem it advisable that some more fitting example be made of
one so deserving of our wrath; therefore, be it
Resolved, That from our ranks one or more shall be appointed by
lot, whose duties it will be to spare neither excuse or energy to exe-
cute the orders of this body.
(Signed) CoMMITTEE OF THREE.
In the remarks subsequent to the adoption of the above there was
but little discussion, with the exception of some remarks condemning
the action of Sergeant Mason, and calling him a bungling braggart,
who either sought to do what he dared not, or sought public notoriety
by his rash action. The understanding was that no person would be
requested to act as executioner for this council who did not deem it
worthy of risking his life to make an example of all who desired to ob-
tain notoriety at the cost of the best blood of the nation.

52 G. UITE AU’ S C R. I. M. E.
The matter of drawing the lots was postponed until more was
heard from the chamber of the suffering President. As each one left
the ground he was secretly informed of the time of the next meeting
and the password. The entire meeting did not occupy more than
twenty minutes, as all the preliminaries had been arranged beforehand:
This is only a sample of similar bands of avengers who have organ-
ized all over the country. Some time before the following account of
another characteristic association was published:
Charley Wolff, as his friends all call him, is the ruling, as he is one
of the several pervading spirits, of the Old House by the Mill in the
lower part of Staten Island. It is perhaps as near the railroad station
of Eltingville as any other known point in Westfield township. Mr.
Wolff was a color-bearer in a New York regiment during the war, and
though by reason of his size he is not now as well able to march as
then, he has declared himself ready to lead his band of choice and
master spirits on to Washington to punish Guiteau. Recently thirty
or forty gentlemen, partly from New York and partly from Staten
Island, met at the Old House by the Mill. Mr. Wolff declared his
willingness to deal summarily with the miserable Guiteau. His sen-
timents were loudly echoed by all there, and some one of the number
then proposed an oath, to which all assented, promising to go on to
Washington and lynch Guiteau, in the event of the President's death.
“The idea!” exclaimed Mr. Wolff, in loud and indignant tones,
when spoken to about the matter the other day, “the idea of the
Government keeping that thief locked up in jail and feeding him—
feeding him at our expense—the expense of the country!
“Will we Well, we will just go on to Washington. It's no use
talking. They say they can only give him eight years, and it's a shame.
That man will never come to trial. We won’t have it.
“Our band numbers about forty now, and we're writing to some
friends of ours in Washington now. They'll know just how Guiteau is
guarded, and just how to attack him. It's a shame they didn't shoot.
him down at first. The idea of feeding him ''' -
Mr. Wolff was filled with disgust for the tolerance of the authori-
ties. He was asked if he thought they could carry out any such plan
in Washington.
“Well, we'll do it, and don't make a mistake. I'd shoot him my-



G U IT E A U S C R J M.E. 53
self, though I don't know what they'd do with me. In about a week I
may be able to tell you more.”
In the eyes of the law, the avengers are all wrong. But there are
many millions of men and women in this country who believe with the
old Californian—“There is an American judge whose decisions are al-
most always just, and whose work is always well done. His name is
Judge Lynch; and if he ever had a job that he ought to give his whole
attention to, he has it waiting for him in Washington Jail.”
CHAPTER IX.
THE NEW PRESIDENT.
Chester A. Arthur is the fourth Vice-President of the United States
who has been called upon to discharge the duties of the higher office
of President. Tyler, Fillmore and Johnson were elevated to the Presi-
dency before him by the demise of the actual President, and all three
were a grave disappointment to those who elected them. There are .
good reasons for believing that he will not tread in their footsteps, and,
consequently, that their fate will not be his.
The new President is one year older than he who is dead. He was
born in Franklin County, Vt., October 5, 1830. He is the oldest of a
family of two sons and five daughters. His father was the Rev. Dr.
William Arthur, a Baptist clergyman, who emigrated to this country
from the County Antrim, Ireland, in his eighteenth year, and died Oc-
tober 27, 1875, in Newtonville, near Albany. Dr. Arthur was in many
respects a remarkable man. He acquired extended fame not only in
his calling, but also in the domains of authorship. His work on “Family
Names” is regarded the world over as one of the curiosities of English
literature. From 1855 to 1863 he was pastor of the Calvary Baptist
Church. He also filled the pulpits of Baptist churches at Bennington,
Hinesburg, Fairfield and Williston, in Vermont, and York, Perry,
Greenwich, Schenectady, Lansingburg, Hoosic, West Troy and New-
tonville, in this State. His other son made a gallant record in the war
of the rebellion, and is now a paymaster of the regular army, with the
rank of major.
President Arthur was educated at Union College, and was gradua-
ted in the class of '49. After leaving college he taught a country school


54 G U I T E A U S C R T M. E.
during two years in Vermont, and then, having managed by rigid econ-
omy to save about $500, he started for this city, and entered the law
office of ex-Judge E. D. Culver as a student. After being admitted to
the bar he formed a partnership with his intimate friend and room-
mate, Henry D. Gardiner, with the intention of practicing in the West,
and for three months they roamed about in the Western states in
search of an eligible site, but in the end returned to this city, where
they hung out their joint shingle, and entered upon a successful career
almost from the start.
Arthur soon after married the daughter of Lieutenant Herndon,
United States Navy, who was lost at sea, and who calmly went down to
death smoking a cigar. Congress voted a gold medal to his widow in
recognition of the conspicuous bravery he displayed on that occasion.
Mrs. Arthur died only a short time ago.
It was in 1852 that lawyer Arthur became prominent. Jonathan
and Juliet Lemmon came to this city from Virginia to take a steamer
for Europe. They brought eight slaves with them, and a writ of habeas
corpus was obtained from Judge Paine to test the question whether the
provisions of the Fugitive Slave Law were in force in this State. Judge
Paine rendered a decision holding that they were not, and ordering the
Lemmon slaves to be liberated. Henry L. Clinton was one of the coun-
sel for the slaveholders. A howl of rage went up from the South, and
the Virginia Legislature authorized the Attorney General of that State
to assist in taking an appeal. William M. Evarts and Chester A.
Arthur were employed to represent the people, and they won their
case, which then went to the Supreme Court of the United States.
Charles O'Conor here espoused the cause of the slaveholders, but he,
too, was beaten by Messrs. Evarts and Arthur, and a long step was
taken toward the emancipation of the black race. Another great ser-
vice was rendered by General Arthur in the same cause in 1858. Lizzie
Jennings, a respectable colored woman, was put off a Fourth avenue car
with violence after she had paid her fare. General Arthur sued on
her behalf, and secured a verdict of $500 damages. The next day the
company issued an order to permit colored persons to ride on their
cars, and the other car companies quickly followed their example.
General Arthur was a delegate to the convention at Saratoga that
founded the Republican party. Previous to the outbreak of the war
he was Judge Advocate of the Second Brigade of the State Militia, and
|
EM
T
-n.
º
º
|
º



G. UIT E A U 2 S C R. I.M. E. 55
Governor Edwin D. Morgan, soon after his inauguration, selected him.
to fill the position of Engineer-in-Chief of his staff. In 1861 he held
the post of Inspector-General, and soon afterward was advanced to that
of Quartermaster-General, which he held until the expiration of Mor-
gan's term of office. No higher encomium can be passed upon him
than the mention of the fact that, although the war account of the State
of New York was at least ten times larger than that of any other State,
yet it was the first audited and allowed in Washington, and without
the deduction of a dollar, while the Quartermasters' accounts from
other States were reduced from $1,000,000 to $10,000,000.
When Mr. Arthur became Quartermaster-General he was poor
When his term expired he was poorer still. He had opportunities to
make millions unquestioned. Contracts larger than the world had
ever seen were at his disposal. He had to provide for the clothing,
arming and transportation of hundreds of thousands of men. Speak-
ing of him at this period a friend says: “So jealous was he of his in-
tegrity that I have known instances where he could have made thou-
sands of dollars legitimately, and yet refused to do it on the ground
that he was a public officer and meant to be, like Caesar's wife, ‘above.
suspicion.’ His own words to me in regard to this matter amply illus-
trate his character: ‘If I had misappropriated five cents, and on walk-
ing down town saw two men talking on the corner together, I would
imagine they were talking of my dishonesty, and the very thought
would drive me mad.’”
At the expiration of Governor Morgan's term, General Arthur re-
turned to his law practice. Business of the most lucrative character
poured in upon him, and the firm of Arthur & Gardiner prospered ex-
ceedingly. For a short time he held the position of counsel to the
Board of Tax Commissioners of this city, at $10,000 per annum.
Gradually he was drawn into the arena of politics. He nominated, and
by his efforts elected Thomas Murphy a State Senator. When the
latter resigned the Collectorship of the Port on November 20, 1871,
President Grant nominated General Arthur to the vacant position, and
four years later, when his term expired, renominated him—an honor
that had never been shown to any previous Collector in the history of
the port. He was removed by President Hayes on July 12, 1878, de-
spite the fact that two special committees made searching investiga-
tion into his administration, and both reported themselves unable to

56 "G U 1 T E A U S C R J M E.
find anything upon which to base a charge against him. In their pro-
nunciamentos announcing the change, both President Hayes and Secre-
tary Sherman bore official witness to the purity of his acts while in
office. A petition for his retention was signed by every judge of every
court in the city, by all the prominent members of the bar, and by
nearly every importing merchant in the collection district; but this
General Arthur himself suppressed.
His nomination for Vice-President by the Republican Convention,
held at Chicago in June, 1880, was as much of a surprise as the nomi-
nation of General Garfield; but it decidedly strengthened the Republi-
can ticket in New York, and had any less popular man in this State
been nominated in his stead, the course of events since then would in
all probability been very different.
President Arthur was sworn in at a quarter past 2 on the morning
of September 20th, at his house. Two judges of the New York Supreme
Court had been sent for-J. R. Brady and Charles Donohue. Judge
Brady arrived with Messrs. Rollins and Root at ten minutes before two;
but the ceremony was out of courtesy deferred until Judge Donohue's
arrival at a little after two o'clock, with ex-Commissioner French. On
Judge Dohohue's arrival, General Arthur arose from his seat in the
library and advanced to the front parlor. It is a large room; the car-
pet is soft and deep and of a dark tint. Heavy curtains to match the
carpeting hang from the large French windows. Oil paintings by old
masters hang on the walls. Despatches, books and writing materials
were scattered all over the large table that stands in the centre.
Gen. Arthur stood behind this table facing the window, his eye was
clear and his manner dignified. The gas in the library was burning
dimly, and his fine, tall form stood out grandly from the dark back-
ground. Old allegorical pictures loomed out from the darkness—
pictures of conquests and triumphs, of defeats and despairs—and above
all was a white marble bust of Henry Clay.
Judge Brady stood on the other side of the table facing Gen. Arthur.
Grouped around the two men were Judge Donohue, Elihu Root, Com-
missioner French, Daniel G. Rollins, and Gen. Arthur's son. Judge
Brady slowly advanced a step and raised his right hand; Gen. Arthur
did likewise. A moment of impressive silence followed. Gen. Arthur's
features were almost fixed. Then Judge Brady administered the oath.
Gen. Arthur speaking in a clear, ringing voice:

G U I T E A U S C R. I. M. E. 57
“I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of
President of the United States, and will, to my best ability, preserve,
protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States.”
After this he remained standing for a moment longer, his hand still
raised. No one spoke; nor did the President afterwards give expres-
sion to any emotion.
On the day of his taking the oath, President Arthur went to Long
Branch, and when the funeral train bore the dead Chief Magistrate to
Washington it carried his successor too. In republics as in monarchies,
the government perpetuates itself in defiance of death. “The king is
dead! Long live the king !” is not announced in the palaces of despots
alone.
IF YOU WANT GOOD READING SEND FOR
THE POLICE (#HZEITE PUBLIGHTIONS
ALL HANDSOMELY ILLUSTRATED
GLIMPSES OF GOTHAM. 16 New and Spicy Illustrations. By mail, 30 cents.
SECRETS OF THE STAGE ; or, the Mysteries of the Playhouse Unveiled. 30 cents.
CONEY ISLAND FROLICS. All About a Famous Place. By mail, 30 cents.
NEW YORK BY DAY AND NIGHT. With Spicy Illustrations. By mail, 30 cents.
THE NEW YORK TOMBS: Its Secrets and Mysteries. By mail, 30 Cents.
FOOTLIGHT FAVORITES. 25 Portraits of Actresses in Stage Costume. 33 cents.
THE MYSTERIES OF NEW YORK. Superbly Illustrated. By mail, 30 cents.
GREAT CRIMES AND CRIMINALS OF AMERICA. Illustrated. By mail, 30 cts.
THE SLANG DICTIONARY of New York, London and Paris. By mail, 30 cents.
BILLY LeROY, the Colorado Bandit. Handsomely Illustrated. By mail, 30 cents.
THE JAMES BROTHERS: Their Lives and Adventures. By mail, 30 cents.
ESPOSITO THE BANDIT ; or, the Monarchs of the Mountains. By mail, 30 cents.
THE AMERICAN ATHLETE. Contains Portraits of all the Champions. 30 cents.
CELAMPIONS OF THE AMERICAN PRIZE RING. Contains Portraits of all
the Pugilists, with Complete Records. By mail, 33 cents.
ELOW TO BECOME A. W.A.L.K.E.R. With Valuable Hints to Athletes. 10 cents.
FISTIANA'S HEROES, No. 1: Life of Jem Mace. Illustrated. By mail, 30 cents.
FISTIANA’s HEROES, No. 2: Life of John Morrissey. Illustrated. By mail, 30cts.
FISTIANA'S HEROES, No. 3: Life of John C. Heenan. Illustrated. By mail, 30cts.
LIFE OF EDWARD HANLAN, America’s Champion Oarsman. By mail, 30 cents.
BOYCOTTING; or, Avenging Ireland's Wrongs. 24 Illustrations. By mail, 30 cents.
LAND LEAGUE SONGSTER. All Latest Irish Songs. By mail, 10 cents.
NEW YORK BY GASLIGHT. Rich and Racy, Illustrated. By mail, 30 cents.
BEHIND THE SCENES. Spicy. Theatrical Revelations. Illustrated. By;mail, 30cts.
ENGRAVING OF THE HEENAN AND SAYERS PRIZE FIGHT, with KEY.
Engraving and Key sent by mail, securely wrapped, for 25 cents.
THE POLICE GAZETTE IS THE LEADING SPORTING AND
SENSATIONAL PAPER OF THE WORLD !
HEARD & H), Pºlsºn Bº William slºt ºn Yºº.
Nowy ºanº-ºººººº ºr Tºorº
GLIMPSES OF GOTHA M,
Containing 16 New and Elegant Illustrations. The Cheapest and Best Book in A. erica.
º
- == -
E=
spectmen of Illustrattons ºn the most ºna, poor ºn the world, Glimpses ar zºna. -
A CARNIVAL OF - FUN. - -
ºf you want to Read of New York’s Mysterious and Sensational doings, Read the Great
- Book GLIMPSES OF GOTHAM, I
SENT BY MAIL TO ANY ADDRESS ON RECEIPT OF 28 CENTS.
P - Richard K. Fox, Publisher flational Police Cazette,
º - 183 will I AM sº, NEW YORK
º - -
"º 3º


POLICE GAMETTE'S SPORTING B00KS AT (HEAP PRICES!
FISTIANA'S HEROES, NO. 1.
LIFE OF J E M M A CE,
Champion Pugilist of the World.
Containing a full account of Mace's life and fights, with portraits of Jem
Mace, Joe Wormald, Dick Hollywood, Joe Coburn, Ned O'Baldwin, Arthur Gore,
Tom Allen, Tom º ayers, Arthur Chambers, Billy Edwards, Harr
Hill, John C. Heenan, Bill Thorpe, Sam Hurst, Mike Madden, Bob Travers, Bo
Brettle, Joe Goss, and Owney Geoghegan. The book also contains the fºules
ºf the British prize Ring.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - - - 30 CENTS.
FISTIANA’S HEROES, NO. 2.
LIFE OF JOHN MORRISSEY.
Account of his Battles, with portraits of all the men he fought with.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - - 30 CENTS.
|| || || || || || ||.
CoMPILed by
Wm. E. Harding, Sporting Editor of the “Police Gazette.”
Containing the lives, records and portraits of all the Champions. No sporting
man should be without this great book.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - - 33 CENTS.
THE AMERICAN ATHLETE.
A Treatise on the Rules of Training for all Athletic Contests, with Portraits
and Sketches of famous Athletes, giving their experiences and the notable
contests in which they have taken part. o athlete or sport should be without
this valuable work.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - - 30 CENTs.
LIFE OF EDWARD HANLAN,
AMERICA’S CHAMPION OARSMA N.
Complete Record of His Great Aquatic Victories, with Illustrations
and Portraits of Famous Rowers.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - - 30 CENTS.
--
HOW TO BECOME A WALKER,
Telling how the POLICE GAZETTE'S Champion Pedestrian of the world (John
HUGHES) made the best Six Days' Regord in the world, making, 568% miles, and
beating Rowell’s best time. o athlete should be without this valuable little
work.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - - 10 CENTS.
RICHARD K. FOX, PUBLISHER, 183 WILLIAM ST., N. Y.
TO BE HAD FROM ALL NEWSDEALERS.
POPULAR Books AT CHEAP paces.
The Boss Sensational Book of the Age ||
|
|E|| || || || || ||
Theº Great Metropolis, Its Thrilling Romances, Strange
* ... Scenes and Stirring Incidents.
I I- LTT's T R. A. T E D VVIT H F E N A N D + E. N. c. I L.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - -
30 CENTS.
GLIMPSES OF GO THAM.
SIXTEEN NEW AND SPICY ILLUSTRATIONS
The Cheapest and Best Book in the World.
Tells all about New York's Mysteries and Dark Doings.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - 30 CENTs.
footlight favorites.
The Handsºmest and Unly B00k ºf its Kind Published in America.
Containing 25 portraits of the leading American, and European actresses,
among which will be found portraits of Sara Bernhardt, Pauline Markham,
Minnie Palmer, Mabel Santley, Adelaide Neilson, Jennie Yeamans, Belle Howitt,
Carrie Perkins, Marie Williams, etc., etc., taken in stage costume for “Footlight
Favorites,” with biographical sketches.
PRICE BY MAIL, - -
33 cºnts.
A WORLD WITH IN A WORLD -
SECRETS OF THE STAGE
THE Mystern Es of THE PLAYHouse UN veiled.
A GRAPHIC AND FASCIN A TIN & REVELATION
of the ways and workings of the mysterious world behind the scenes and those
who people it, by one who knows from experience all he writes about.
error. By MAIL, 30 CENTS.
GREAT (RIMES AND CRIMINALS OF AMERICA
The Romance and Reality of American Life Illustrated.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - - - - 30 CENTS.
–-
ALL ABOUT A FAMOUS PLACE
CONEY ISLAND FROLICS
How New York's Gay Girls and Jolly Boys Amuse Themselves
by the Sea. -
A book without a rival in the world. The most complete and racy account of
Coney Island, its pleasures, perils and the secrets of its many ins
. outs, which could be published.
PRICE BY MAIL, - - - 30 CENTS.
RICHARD K. Fox, Publisher,
1sº william street, New York-