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AN:
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A
(ohjTo 0ivp
AND
ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.,
&c. &c.




NORBUIY AND MG PRINTHRS, BRENTFORD.






A
`GLOSSARY
AND
ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY,
OF
OBSOLETE AND UNCOMMON WORDS, ANTIQUATED
#PHRASES, AND~PROVERBS ILLUSTRATIVE OF
EARLY ENGLISH LITERATURE,
COMPRISING CHIEFLY THOSE NOT TO BE FOUND IN OUR
ORDINARY DICTIONARIES;
*         WITH
"??%torita[ ilotime of Ancitimt eu%toi%, &r Paunntir%.
~BY WILLIAM TOONE,,
AUTHOR OF THRý CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORIAN.
SECOND EDITION,
WITH! ADDITIONS.
LONDON:
THOMAS BENNETT, COPTITALL BUILDINGS.
MDCCCXXXI V.




*


lo






'r47
PREFACE.
THE prevailing ardour for rescuing the Works,f our old Poets and Dramatic Authors from the,blivion to which they were fast approaching, is:reditable to the taste and liberality of the age; new
Aditions of the old Drama, collectively, and of the
separate Works of PEELE, GREENE, WEBSTER,
MARLOWE, FORD, MASSINGER, and others have
recently been published: the Works of CHAUCER
and SPENSER have been repeatedly reprinted, but
the Glossaries appended to them have been both
meagre and unsatisfactory.  Notwithstanding the
numerous Commentaries on the Works of SHAKESPEARE, it is an undeniable fact that many of the
peculiar phrases and local allusions abounding in his
Works, have neither been properly defined or satisfactorily elucidated; this defect has arisen from the
want of a competent knowledge of the dialect of the
Midland Counties. Numerous words used by SHAKESPEARE being local, are not to be found in any
cotemporary Author, and hence the Commentators,
unacquainted with the Archaisms of the County of
Stafford and other adjoining Counties, were puzzled




I


viii


to find among their philological researches the d
rivation and definition of those words, and therefor
adopted many very fanciful and some very absur
ones. The words blood bolter'd may be adduced
among others, to prove the fact. The definition o
WARBURTON, adopted by MALONE, hbs no analog
with the true meaning of the word bolter, which i
purely local and in use at the present day.
The Author of the present Work, without pre
tending to the critical acumen of his Predecessors
has, he flatters himself, elucidated the meaning o
many words hitherto unexplained or improperly
defined; but where he has taken the liberty of differing with persons whose names deservedly rank
high as philologists, he trusts he has done so with
the deference which ought always to be paid to the
superior talents and great authority of the Authors.






ADDENDA et CORRIGENDA.
ADDLE (S. edlian, to earn), to grow or encrease in'
size; a north country word.
Where ivy embraces the tree very sore,,
Kill ivy, or else tree Vill add~e no znqre.
Tusasat's Husp.
ALOURIS.      In the quotation, the word lake is mise
printed for take.
BECK (S. becn), a nod of the bead, whether an inti mation of acquiescence, recognition, or salutation.
And I to every soul again
Did give a beck them to-retaine.
0. P. Tnst Fova P's.
Nods and becks sand wreathed Smiles.
MILTONI's L'ALLERORO
BESMOTRE (S.) to blacken with smut, to soil with
dirt.
Alle besmotred was his habergeon.
CISAUCERI's PRO. TO CANT. TALzs.
BiSMARE (S. bismor), rude of speech.
And al so ful of hoker and bismare
Cuw&ucjkxs Ezx'xs TALE.
BITRENT (S. betrymian), twisted, entwinjed round.
Bitrent and writhin is the swete wodbinde.
CHA&UCEaR'S TROr. AND Cazss.
BLIN (S. blinnan), to cease, -to da~ist.
Till he betrayed him he could Aot blinne.
CHAUCER'S CHNASONS9 YEOMAN'S9 TALE.
Did the other two their crttel vengeance blin.*
ISPENSERi'S F. QUEEN;.
A




ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.


BODGE. This word is undoubtedly derived from the
French bouger, which Cotgrave defines to budge
or stir. Milton, in his Comus, speaks of "those
budge doctors of the Stoic fur;" but the adjective
is defined to be brisk or jocund, terms which could
not be applied to a doctor in divinity: it is probable that the poet meant to name them from
budge, the lambs' wool robes worn by judges and
high ecclesiastical officers. The quotation from
Gammer Gurton's Needle under. this title is incorrect, arising from a misprint in the old copy;
the inference drawn from it is equally so.
BOOT, a species of torture applied to criminals to
extort confession: a wet skin, made in the shape
of a boot, was drawn on the leg and then brought
to a fire, which, causing the skin to shrink, the
pressure caused great pain. In Scotland the leg
was compressed by an iron bar, and by force of iron
pegs broken; this method was called the Scotch
boot.
What, do you give me the boots!
O. P. MOIEBes BOMBIE.
BORD (F.), the side, edge, or brim; hence, as applicable to a ship, to throw overboard is to cast any
thing over the side of the vessel.
That we ben entred into shippes bord.
CHAUCnR'S MILLER'S TALE.
BOTE (S.). This word, of which the modern word
boot is nearly synonimous, had a more extended




ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.


3


meaning formerly; as, need, help in necessity, a
remedy for pain, misfortune, or misery.
The cause yknowe and of his harm the rote,Anon he gave to the sike man his bote.
CHAUCBER'S PAO. TO CANT. TALES.
BOUKE (S. buce), the body, the belly, or stomach.
The clotered blood, for any leche-craft,
Corrumpeth and Is in his bouke ylaft.
CIIACCER'S KNIGHT'S TALE.
BREST.    A good singer of old was said to have a
good breast, from sound being produced from the
action of the lungs.
Syr, I have some syght In syngynge.
-But is your breate any thynge swete
0. P. Tnz FouR P's.
Go thy ways for a sweet brested page.
0. P. WOMBN, BEWARE WOMEN.
BRIBOUR (0. F. bribeur), a sturdy beggar, one who
would steal if opportunity offered.
Who saveth a thefe whan the rope is knet,
With some false turn the bribour will him quite.
LYDOATE'S BOCCACB.
CHICHEVACHE      (0. F. chicheface).    This name is
given to a character in an old ballad, translated
from the French by Lydgate, called Chichevache
and Bycorne, two beasts, the former feeding upon
obedient wives and the latter upon docile husbands; and the humour of the piece is, that Bycomrne gets fat and plump upon his provender, but
Chichevache is half starved. The word chittyface
in English denoted a small and meagre coun.
tenance.
Lest Chichevache you swalve in hire entraille.
CHAAucKR' MERCHANT'S TALE.




4       ADDZNDA' NT COIIR161f43bA*


CHUVET. It is more probable that t~hii Wos'd iA derived from the 0. F. chuet, a WOOse, than the de-~
rivations given by Theobald and Stevens.
CITTERN. The Italians altered the word cithara to
guitara, hence the Mnodern word guitar.
COCKNEY.' If the quota-tio'n from Pierce Plowman's
Vision be relied upon, this word originally meant
a cook.
And yet I say, by my sonle, I have no salt bacon,
9ie no cekeney (by Chilste) colloppes to make..P.?L6WMlAV1'A Vis.
COINT (F.), neat, spruce, fancifully decorated, from
hence the Eqngli~sh word quaint.
Al full af colour, strange, and coin*.
CHAUCER'ls DRUzmE.
CoN'TRovE (z          con'trouver), to invent, to speak
untruly.     iti hta    t&M     d tieb
SAd it is sime for to co*tri't'e.
VRAV61&'S ROA. 0* THE Ros:C.
CoiAILA (L. convaleeco), to recover from sickness.
C&UA646~s J16 U~ lieer to contdile. isiusf
COsTAr (IF. cetOyer), to coast.
And by a river forth I gan coutay.
CfIAieC*IL Cb5te. 05 Tits BLACK KkionHT.
C.oirk. 'Thm firsat ooihtfoioh is fromb Hfthulkt4
fltbettirT1rb, jbe'kA ft hdlif; ia *ot~d ftbr Which no
The kebe isr c~iw-Am  wift fytral (i. e. combs
mae~e of crystal).CksAvcuas?LOWMAN's TALK.
C-UIEDOULY (F.), leather prepbred- ina pebuliait way,
of which, anciently, boots were made.
191 jalubmu were of earbotdy,
nis -swtrd~ sbeth of ivory.
CXAVCiasj6 RHIYME OF' SIR THOPAS.




ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.


DEL (S.), a part or portion of any thing.
Then tarried we and said it every del.
CRAUCER'S ASSEMBLIE OF LADIES.
DELIVER (F. delivre), quick, alert, nimble.
And wonderly deliver and grete of strength.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO CANT. TALES.
DISOUR (F. diseurs), a reciter or teller of tales.
Rychard gaft gyftes grete wones
To heraudes and to disours.
ROM. OF RICHARD CEUR DE LION.
DORMANT (L. dormiens). This word was sometimes
applied to a table, fixed or usually standing in a
particular place. The ordinary dining tables of
our ancesters were moveable pieces of wood,
placed upon trestles, which were turned up or
carried away when the repast was concluded.
Shakspeare alludes to their form in Romeo and
Juliet.
More lights, ye knaves, and turn the tables up.
The dormant table was, as the name signifies, always stationary.
Eke in the halle, as it was convenable,
On eche partie was a dormant table.
LYDGATE'S TROY..
His table dormont in the halle alway
Stode ready covered.
CHAUCBRtS PRO. TO THI FRANKLtIN's TALE.
FARME (S.), a meal, food in general.
This hastiefarme had ben a feste.
CHAUCaR'S DREAME.
FARTHINGALE. In the proverb quoted, Broadgates
is misprinted Broadgales.
FLOITING. See that word; perhaps playing on a
flute.
A3




6


6  ADbEtNA kiA CORRIGENNIU


GADLING     (S.), a vagpbord; hence to tad, in the
modern sense, is to ramble abroad ihi'an idle manner.
That ne seemed like no gadliszg.
CHAVCER'S RoMs. OF THE Ross.
GERNE (S. geonian), to yawn.
And gaped like a guiph wheh he did gerne.
SiPNSHR'S F. Quus~.
GoLIAnEk1n (F. gatiardoi.s), a jester or buffoon, so
called *om   Golias, the narte of a witty man living
in the twelfth century, the author of several pieces
of burlesque Latin poetry.
Re Wras a jangler and a golaardeis.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO CANT. TALES.
GRIcE, a young wild boar, a pig in general. No
derivation is given of this word, which is probably
local and provincial.
I rhale nomenny (quod Pierce) pullets to buy,
Ne neither goose ne grys.   P. PLOWMAN' V.
HALKE (S.), a corner.
Seken in every ihalke and every herne.
CHAUCER'S FRANELEJN'S TALE.
HAVER CAKE (Dan. hattre), thin -cakes made of coarse
oatmeal mixed with water.
A WwAY curds and crdam, andan lsaver cake.
P. PL;OWMAN'S VIS.
hN'ED (F.'froth L. indicum), a light blue colour.
Of gtafse nid Adft*s iWtde ahdd ters,
And many hewes ful divers.
CuIAtcsx's Rdk. o'r'sTA Rosm.
J~aqngn = (84, inierted.
Hlave any word imscAed for the best.
CRAucCa's Taow. AN.'JDV L5.




ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.


7


KIME (S. guma), a fellow, a man.
That at the last the sely kime.
CHAUCeR'S PLOWMAN'S TALE.
KNEELING AFTER THE PLAY. It was the custom
formerly for the players, at the end of the performance, to kneel on the stage, and make a short
prayer for their patrons. The anciept interludes
commonly end with a prayer for the Royal Family,
and on this custom being discontinued in the house,
the words Vivat Rex et Regina still continued
were inserted at the bottom of the play bills.
Preserve our noble Q. Elizabfeth and her councell all.
INT. OF THE NEW CUSTOM.
This shews like kheeling after the play, I praying for my Lord
Overmuch and his good countess, &c.
O.P. A?SMAD WORLD MYMASTERS.
KNIGHT OF THE POST. In a curious black letter
pamphlet, printed 1597, they are called "common baylers," i. e. persons without any visible
means of living, who became bail for any person
who would hire them, and would swear to the
possession of property to any amouqt required.
KYKE (S.), to look steadfastly or with wonder.
And in the rofe they kykin and they gape.
COsAUWl's MILLER's TALE.
LAKKE (S.), to blame or find fault.
But sithe ye love descriven so,
"Add lakke ad' prefee in both two.
CHAUCRt'S ROM. OF T9E ROSX.
LEFE (S.), agreeable or pleasing.
AlbM him lothe or lee/.
iswD.




8


ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.


MAKE. This word, in the Midland Counties, is still
in use, signiTying to fasten or shut; as "to make
the door" is to lock pr bolt it.
And doubt not, Sir, but she will well excuse
Why at this time the doors are made against you.
COMEDY OF ERRORS.
MAUND (S. margd), a hand basket with two lids.
See " Maunder."
In country &cadowes, pearl'd with dew
And set about with lilies,
There, filling maunds with cowslips, you
May find my Amyrillis.
HERRICK'S POEMS.
MULLOK (S.), a heap of dung or rubbish.
Till it be roten in mullok or in stre.
CHAUCER'S REVE'S TALW.
MUSSER (F.), a hole to hide in or conceal; from
musser, to'conceal or keep close.
Your traces, squats, the mussers forms and holes
You young men use.
O.P. RAM ALLEY.
NIGHTERTALE (S.nihtem         del), night time.
So hote he loved, that by nightertale
He slept no more than doth the nightingale.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO CANT. TALES.
NOEL (F.), an exclamation of rejoicing at Christmas,
from L. Natalis, the birth of Christ, but afterwards
it became a cry upon ordinary occasions of joy.
And nowel crieth every lusty man.
CHAUCER'S FRANXLEIN'S TALENORFOLK WILES. The love of chicanery and legal
litigation attributed to the people of Norfolk is
often mentioned in old writers, with what truth it
is difficult to determine, but that some cause existed for that belief is manifest by the fact that the




ADDENDA XT CORftIGENOAt


9


Stat. 33 Hen. VI. limited the n~umber of attornies
allowed to exercise their profession in that shire.
Norfolk wiles became provrerbial, and Ray 9tates,
that for cunning in the law and wrangling-, Nor-,folk men are justly Abted.
A summer's son and learssd in Nor/elk- miles,
Some Common bail or counter lawyer.
0. IP. RAxt ALLEY.
NOTTE, so called from having the se mblance of a
nut. The Iluotatiori it from the PrAogque to the
Canterb~ury Asksa.
O~n~  S.),  alice, zeal.
That for hire *ratIe ad *1 as oaf,~
CuAUGIna's Rom. 0r Tits Room.
PENCEL (F. pennoftceel), as small *$eamer or pennion.She Mnade him weane a peose of her sleeve.
CRtAVdA'S IM61o, AMD C1069.
RA&KE. The meanbing or this word scarcely admits
further elucidation. John Gaule, in his work called
Dist~raction8, or the Holy Madne~se (1620)," designates & lean person as rake-backt; and a scragof mutton, on account of its leanness, is istill called
a tat'k of iftttton.
REFREIDE (F. refroider), to refrain, to cool, slacken,
ot' relent.
Pro day to day he lot her abught refrieoe.
121U.
ROXING (S. trohe), shaking or tremnbling; to rock
is Still int use to' shake or move backwards and forwards.
'The shaft I drowe out of the arowe
Be/dog for wo, right wonder parowe.
CmAuczR'S Rom. 0F THIN EOGS.




10          ADDENDA      ET CORRIGENDA.
ROSEMARY. It was customary to carry this herb at
funerals, and also to wear sprigs of it at weddings.
Resides there will be charges saved too, the same rosemary
that serves for the funeral will serve for the wedding.
0. P. Tits OLD LAW.
SAIJ8EFLEME (0. F.), a scorbutic eruption or pimple, from the L. salsumfiegma.
For sausefleme he Wats with eyen riarwe.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO CA14T. TAL1,E8.
SCYLE, (S. fcylan), to. conceal or obscure.
I stode when Titan had his homes bright
WithdraWen doun and scylid under Cure.
CHtA~tCUII'. Tamo. A~tJ CAuSMI
8zwiE (S.aoawe), a kind or soup or broth; sower*
Is itil1, used In Scotland to sIgnify oatmeal bioth.
Tho straus#o ewes and the mubtites
That sye that day nerved.  Lvv' ioY
S sa  ($. acir), pure, clear.         YGTS'     ~V
The which ftotolus with his wateri,serv
Throws forth.           ISrxvsxR'5 F. Qussine
SLIP~, a cant -word for a counterfeit pliece of money,
usually brass, silvered over.
I shall so for silver thol whien you are nail'd up for slips,
0.P. MOTHER BOMBIE.
Hlow shall I pay muy sugar merchant, if you pay me thus with slips?
P)ENKAR'S BANE.ROUT'5 BANQUET.
SONDE: (S5), a message or thing sent.
Sh. kneeleth downs aud thanketh Godides sonde.
CKAUcER'S MAN OF LAwxs TALE.
SOWE. It was usual, and indeed necessary, when
letters were written on parchiev t tW sew them to
prevent inspection; this custom was continued long
after the invention of paper, though the necess~ity
cee.  Myself to Medes wol the Iettre. sowe,,
CHAUcERx's TRoi. AN-D Citzss,




ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.


11


STATUTE MERCHANT, a law term, signifying a bond
given by a debtor and attested by a mayor or other
municipal officer, or two merchants, authorizing
the creditor, in default of payment, to take the
debtor's body and goods.
I'll enter into a statute merchant to see it answered.
O. P. MOTHER BOMBIE.
STELE (S.), the handle of any thing; a word still
used in the Midland Counties, the shaft of a broom
or mop being called a mop stele, &c.
And caught the coulter by the cold stele.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
STEWES (F. estuis), a brothel, probably from estuve,
a hot bath; they are yet called bagnios.
A haza  riot, stewes, and taverns.
CnA XaR'S PARDONER'S TALE.
SWAPPE (S.), a stroke or blow.
The suwapte togethar tyll the both swat,
With swordes that were of fyn myllan.
O. B. CHEVY CHACR.
TERM DRIVER, a contemptuous appellation for a
petty fogging attorney.
Such a guest at her table this term driver,
This snip of an attorney.
O. P. NEW WAY TO PAY OLD DEBTS.
TIFFELER. The Anglo-Saxons had a game of hazard
called tafl, and the die was called tafestane; the
canons of Edgar the king forbade priests to be
tifers, or to play at the tmafle. This seems a more
satisfactory explanation of the word than the one
given by Jamieson. See "Tiffl     r."
TOMBESTERE (S. tumban), a female dancer or tum



A12           DDENDA *IT CORRIGSNDA.
And sight auon in comien tombesteres,
Fetis and small.   *CHAUCsR'S PARDONER'S TALE.
TOTELER (S.), a whisperer or officious ptater. See
"Tote."
"For in your court is many a losingeur,
And many a queint toteler.
CHAUCER'S PRO. To LEaBND OF GOOD WOMiN.
UNTIL. This word was used formerly as unto, and
in the Scottish dialect it is still so. See " Till."
It is so high, that I the same
Cannot attaine untill.
OLD VERS. OP THE PSALMS.
WHETSTONE PARK.         A small piece of ground lying
between the north side of Lincoln's Inn Fields and
Holborn, was so called from one Whetstone, who,
in the time of Charles II. erected some houses on
this then vacant spot; they b       me inhabited by
loose and immoral characters, particularly of the
female sex.
Where harlots ply, as many tell us,
Like brimstones in a Whetstone alehouse.
HIUDIERAS.
WIGHT.      This word also denoted a wicked person,
a wizard, or witch, from wvite, S. knowledge or
wisdom.
I crouche thee from elves and from wlghts.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
Wo (8.), to be sorry.
But be ye sure I wold be wo
If ye shulde chance to beguile me so.
0. INT. THE FOUR P's.
YULE or ULE (S. Geol), the feast of Christmas.
On   ie day made he a feste,
WiflFmany barons of his geste.
ROB. oF GLOUVCSTER'S CltRN.
FINIS.
Norbury and Co. Printers, Brentford.




A


GLOSSARIAL AND ETYMOLOGICAL
DICTIONARY,
&c. &c.
A.
A. THIs letter     &s formerly used as a prefix to
many words now become obsolete, in some it is
still retained by the vulgar; as, abear, ado, adays,
acold, abed, aweary, adream, &c.: but aggrate,
adread, addeem, and others are now wholly disused; ameliorate, amidst, abroach, abroad, &c.
still retain their place in our vernacular tongue
As present age and eke posterite
May be adread with horrour or revenge.
FKRRBX AND PORREX.
I gin to be aweary of the sun.
MACBErH.
He scorns to be addeem'd so worthless, base.
DANIEL'S CivIL WAR.
ABACK (S. on b6c), on back, backwards; also, to
put behind, or retard.
He shall aye find that the trew man
Was put abacke, whereas the falshede
Yfurthered was.
CHAUCER's COMPLAINT or THB BLACK KNIGHT.
B




2


A GLOSSARIAL AND


A noble heart ought not the sooner yield,
Not shrinke abacke for any weal or woe.
MIRROUR Fro  MAGISTRATES.
But when they came where thou thy skill didst shew,
They drew abacke.
SSPErNSra's8 PASTORALS.
ABAND     (F. abandonner), to         abandon,. of which
word it id a ontraction; to resign, quit, desert,
forsake; and, according to its primary signification, to band or put in bondage.
All pleasures quite and joys he did aband.
MIRR. FOR MAO.
The barons of this land
For him trauvailed sore, and brought him out of band.
ROB. GLOUCESTER'S CHRON.
ABAST     (B. bastardd), an illegitmate child or bastard.
S Bast Ywain he was yhote,
For he was bigeten abast, God it wote.
TALE OF MIRLIN.
ABATE (S. beatan, F. abbatre), to deject, subdue,
dispirit; in its more modern sense, it signifies to
beat down, subtract.
-   This iron world
Brings down the stoutest hearts to lowest state,
For misery doth bravest minds abate.
SPKNSER'S MOTHER HUBBARD'S TALE.
----    Till at length
Your ignorance deliver you
As most abated captives.
CORIOLANUS.
ABATYDE, low(ed, cast down.             See "Abate."
Doun he felle deed to grounde,
Gronynge faste, with grymly wounde;
Alle the baners that Chrysten found
They were abatyde.
RoM. or OCTAVIAN IMarsATOR.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.                         3
AIIAWE (F. a bas), to abash, daunt, astonish,
lower.
My countenance is nicete
And al n',awed whereso I be.
CHAUCEn's DRUMS4.
For sach another as I gesse
Aforne ne was, ne more vermaile
I was abawed for merviele.
CHAUCZA'S ROM. OF THIS ROSS.
ABAYE (F. abboi), at bay, environed by enemies.
Gif he myghte come on cas
When by hyrn so hound abaye.
Rom. or Kriqox ALISAUNDRa3.
ADECAR (S. abesran), to bear, to demean, as applied to courage or behaviour.
Thus did the gentle knight himself aheare
Amongst that rustic route.
Snzlqsa's F. Qzz,?.
ADEDGE, the same as ABY; to pay dear for, or
suffer.
T7here durst no wight bond on him ledge,
But be ne swore he shold a6edge.
CHaAucxva's Rays's TUlE.
A BJECT (L. abjeciu8), to be degraded to a low or
mean condition; also, the person so degraded or
brought to contempt.
I deemed it better so to die,
Than at mny foeman's feet an abject lie.
MzAR. FRo MAQ.
-~Rebellion
Camne like itself, in base and abject routs,
Led'on by bloody youth.
K. HENRY IV.
I was, at first, as other beasts that graze
The tt~ldon. herb, of abjeet thoughts, and low.
ABLAND, blinded, made blind.                      Fa    oT
With se ien vwealiboiland,'
The walmes han th' abtand.
Itos. oi tssii~iw fltet.



4


SA GLOSSARIAL AND


ABLE (S. abal), to answer for, to make able, to enable.
Admitted I ay, into her heart I'll able it.
0. P. THs WIDOW'S TEARS.
To sell away all the powder in the kingdom
To prevent blowing up, I'll able it.
MIDDL. GAM~ OF CHESS.
ABORTIVE      (F. abortif),   untimely, prematurely
brought forth, irregular, out of season.
Thou elvish marked, abortive, rooting hog;
Thou that was seal'd in thy nativity
The slave of nature.
K. RICHARD III.
If ever he have child, abrtive be it.
Is.
ABRADE (L. abrado), to strike with barrenness, to
waste away by degrees.
Fair I woxe, and fair I 1srad,
But the old tre was abrad.
ROM. OF THs S1VuN SAGSS.
ABRAHAM-COLOUR, supposed to be a dingy yellow.
Archdeacon Nares thinks it a corruption of auburn, which was sometimes written abron, from
which, by an easy transition, the present word
came into use; but the greater probability is, that
Abraham was depicted in the old tapestries with
a yellow, or rather an orange tawny, board, and
hence that colour, or something nearly resembling
it, derives its name. Shakspeare describes Slender,
i.n the Merry Wiv    of Windsor, as having a Cain
coloured beard; and Dryden sarcastically called
Jacob Tonson's bair Judas coloured, i. e. red. The
0ld figures of Cain in arras, uniformly represent


J




ETYMOLOGICAL DICrIOfARY.


5


Cain with a yellow beard, and Judas with red
hair; and it is, therefore, not unreasonable to
suppose, that Abraham colour owes its name tb a
similar cause. In the first folio edition of Shakspeare, the colour of the heads of the citizens in
Coriolanus is said to be-some brown, some black,
some Abram; and though in some subsequent editions the word has been changed to auburn, yet it
is more than probable that Abram was the true
reading, and that the editors, not understanding
the meaning of Abram coloured, substituted a more
common and obvious name.
Where is the eldest son of Priam;
That Abraham coloured Trojan
HAwaxIs's 0. P..
ABRAHAM-MEN, a cant term for idle and thievisf
vagabonds, who formerly went about the country
half naked, or drest in fantastical attire, pretending
to have been mad and discharged from Bethlem
Hospital. A person pretending sickness is still
said " to sham Abraham."
These Abraham.men be those that fayn themselves to have been
mad, and have been kept in Bethelem or some other prison.
HARMER'S CAVEAT FOR COMMON CURSsTORS.
Under what hedge, I pray you? or at what cost?
Are they padders or Abram-men?
Nuw WAY TO PAY OLD DEBTS.
ABRAYDE (S. abredan), to awake, to arise, to arouse;
a start from sleep.
He had thoght to done hym harme,
For he smote hym throwe the arme;
Ipomydon with that stroke abradde.
Romi. or Tul Lirx or IrPOrDOWN




6


6: At. 4LQSSARI4ILAND


The Miler is X perilous. uwi he sayd,
Adif~ht he out o" hii sleeve ebraide.
4PEAUCEE'S rMILLR' TALs.
This word is also used by        ld. writers as. synonimoos with upbraid,, and in many instances is referable to breadth or extension, and it is probable
thait braid (broad), so spelt and pronounced in the
north, ishence derived;. we. stil say, broad -awake.
See-.f"Braide.'
Mir (S. abidan),` to pay dear for, to suffer; _sometimes used for abide or remain.
Lest to thy peril tbott abs, it dear.
MIDS. NIGHT'S DREAM.
But nought that wanteth rest can long aby.
5?ENszR's F. QUEENv.
A.BYCHe, another way of spelling ABY, and having
the samte meaning.
Then sare in Sander Rydebreehe,
A~nd swore by his fader's sowle he should abyeke.
Rom. OF HUNTYNG OF THE HARE.
AmnraM    (L. aby~mu8&), a bottomless pit, a great
deep that cannot be sounded.
And brutish ignorance y'cr~pt of late
Out of drad darkness of the deep aby~sm.
Spausmit's Tvsits OF THE MUSES.
Ac    (S. eac), and.      This monosyllable is so frequently us~ed by the early poets, that it is unnecessary to give mrany au~thorities here, as. it will be
repeatedly found in the course 'of the work.
Angys had versmeoat
A& dwaghtero fair and get,.
Ac shie was. heathen saraine.
ROw. 6F Tflk TALE Ojp MERINv.




"ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


7


AOATER      (F. achatour pour acleteur, a buyer or
caterer), a purveyor of victuals.
He is my wardrobe-man, my acater,
Cook, butler, and steward.
B. JoNsoN's DEVIL AN Ass.
ACATES     (0. F. achat), food, victuals in general;
but oftener used to signify delicate viands or sweetmeats.    The modern word cates is derived from
this, and perhaps cakes
When I am eerly and late
I pinched nat at hem in myn acate.
HOCCLVZE.
ACCITE (L. cito), to stir, to move, to summon. Excite and cite are the modern words expressive of
the same meaning.
And what accites your most worshipful thought to think so?
2 PART K. HEN. IV.
He by the senate is accited home
From weary wars.
TIT. ANDRoNICUs.
ACCLOY (F. enclouer), to glut, satiate, or surfeit;
to cloy.
And whoso it doth full foule himself accloyeth,
For office uncommitted ofte anoyeth.
CHAaCXR's ASSXMBLXe OF FOULES.
As when no wind at all there blew,
No swelling cloud accloied the air.
SPBzsaR's F. QVUCs.
And with uncomely weeds the gentle wave accloyes.
Is.
AccOAST (L. costa), to sail coastwise, to approach
the side or coast.
Ne is there hawk that mantleth her on perche,
"Whether hlgh towering or ecce thyt low.
SrPNStR's F. QUEEN.




B              A  G'CMSSA1IAL      ANDACOOIL.(F. ctte~ter), to fold- round, to form a circle
of several folds., to gather together.
About the cauldron many cooks accoiled,
With hooks and ladles.
SPEN'SER'S F. QIN
ACCOM.BRE (F. encombrer), to clog,. hipder, or stop
Thro' wine and women ther was Loth accombred.
PIERCE PLOWMAN9s VISION.
He Bette niot his benefice to hire,
And lette his shepe accom'bre in the mire.
CRAVCZR'S PIcRsoNNE's TALL
Bale, in his tragedy or interlude called God's
Promises,, uses the word to sig'nify destruction or
punishment.
AcCCURAGE. (F.. encouraget'), to animate, inci~te,
or stir up.
T7hat froward pair she even wold assuage,
When they wold strive due reason to exceed;
But that same froward twain would accourage,
And of her plenty add unto her need.
SPXIs~ER's F. QuEENg.
Accov (F~. coi), to sooth, appease; also, to render
coy or diffident.
Of fair Polana I received was,
And oft embraced as if that I were he,
And wit kind words usccejjed, vowing great love to me.
SeBNsER's F. QuEEN?.
ACOROACH (.accrohekr), to entrench. upon, to
usurp., to draw to.
In semblant, as men sayne,, is gile,,
And that w~as proved thilke while;
The ship which wende has help accroache
Drpfe al~to pieces.
Gowna.
AcHEIC (S. aceocan), to choke.,
And sight anon, when fteseua seeth
TUe bewt eeheke  ho shall on Mia Iepew




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*


09


ACKIELE (S. colian), to cool,. to quiet passion,.
But veray love is vertue as I fele,
For veray love may not my freile desire awkele.
CHAnCaR's COURT OFr Lovs.
ACIcNow (L. agnowco), to confess or acknowledge
You will not be aokaourn,. sir; why,. 'tis wise.
B. JOrrSON'S, VOLPONA.
ACOLD (S. ceald), on cold, wanting heat, frig0id
Thus late this powre, In grate distresse,
Aeold and hongred at the gate.
Gowita's CON.. An.
The self same thing that makes the young lambs shrink
makes me acold.
BEAUMONT AND FLulcusna's FAITRFPUL S"nRasan.
Acop (S. eope), at the top, high up, the summit,
crown of a hill.
Marry she's not in fashion yet; she wears a hood., but it
stands acop.
B. JoNsoN's ALCIIYMI5T.
ACOST (F, cl cote), on the sides or flanks, from coast
or accoast, to dlraw near to the sides.
Many strong knight and- giant
R~yden aside so acoatq
Rosm. or K. AL1SA'V1VD'RX.
ACQUJIGHT, shook, trembled.
His feet in his stirrops he atreight,
ithe stirop to-bend, the horse ecvve~ht.
The gleman use his' tongue,     Ro.O      3tp
The wode csqueigN so by aunge.
Roms. or K. ALSsAUNDRS.
AoQUIAIT (from~ the F~rench acquerir),V any thiiag
acquired or gained.
Kis senrants he, with new acquidt
of true experience frM this great event,
WO poea# god conaotatioa bath dismist.
t4lzTON'8 $AMPS. AooNlsT15s.




110


A*OLOSSARIAL ANO


ACREMEN       (.e     e),ploughmen, husbandmen.
The foules up and bongron boughs,
The acremen yede to the plough.ROM. LAY LN FREINE.
ACTON (F. Ihoquetom), a piece of defensive armour,
made of quilted leather or other strong material,
worn under the habergeon.
His actmn, It was all of blackes,
His heuberkeo and his sheulde.
PiacY's RELzguXs. nIR CAUz.3wz.
ADAMl (F. domfer), to daunt, to intimidate.
Beth not adafed for your innocence,
Aut sharply taketh on your gouvernaile.
CHAUCER'S CLARK oF OxE?;rolt's TALS.
ADAUNT      (F. domter), to discourage or put in fear,
to subdue.
King William al~mnted that Me of Walys,
And made hym bear hym truage.
iROBERT OF GLoucEs'ra4 Caaoze.
Wherewithi the rebel rather was the more
Encouraged than adaunted.,
DAmztz.'s CiviL WARt.
ADAWE, to daunt,, to abate, or kill, from dawe, the
day; to take away the day of life;' also, to awake.
Som wold have Jiym adawe,
And som sayd ft was not lawe.
ROM. or RitcHAR CEZVR vi; LiON.
But, sir, a man that wsIketh out of his sleeve
He may not sodainly wel taken kepe
Upon a thing, Isor su It peRftely
TUil that he be udewed verily.
CHfAUCER'S MERCIIAST'S TALK.
ALDDIRtM (S demo~n), to thin k,, to judge., i to be, of
opinion.
And for revengement of -those wrongful smuts,
Whidd I to other Ottd inliet ýsfore,
Addeed usdn ttoezdiuf this pence sore.
oIEPJSSI'8 F. QuIug.




ETYMQLOGICAL: DICTIONARY.                      11
He scorns to be addeem'd so worthless base,
As to be mov'd to such an infamy.
DANIEL'S CIVIL WAR.
ADJUTE (L. juro-jutucm), to assist, help, or succour.
Six bachelors as bold as he
Adjuting to his companie.
BEN JoNSON's KINwa's ENTERTAINMENT
AT WELBECK.
ADOORS, at doors, at the door.
If I get in adoors, not the power of the county, nor all my
Aunt's curses, shall disembogue me.
BEAUMONT AND FLETCHER'S LITTLE THIEF.
ADORE (L. orno), to gild or adorn.
Like to the here
Congealed drops, which do the morn adore.
SPENSER's F. QUEEsN.
ADOTED (F. dotter), to be over fond.
It falleth that the most wise
Ben other while of love adoted.
GowER's CON. AMANTIs.
ADOWN (S. adune), down, on the ground.
Whan Phoebus dwelled here in erth adoun.
CHAucER's MANCIPLE'S TALE.
Thrice did she sink adown.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
ADRAD, ADREAD           (S. adraed), terror, fright, in
fear.
That high toure, that strange place,
Which were adrad of no menace.
GowEI's CON. Am.
Ther n'as bailiff, ne herd, ne other hine
That he ne knew his sleight and his covine,
They were adradde of him.
CHAUCER'S REVE'S PROL.
ADVENTAILE, the visor; sometimes that part of the
helmet which      could   be raised    to breathe more
freely.
His adveetayle he gan unlace,
His head he smote of in the place.
Rom. OcTAviaN IMP.




12


A GWUSARIAL ANDI


For though the hosbonde armed be in maile,
The arrows of thy crabbed eloquence
Shall pierce his brest and eke his adventaile.
CAAUCER'S CL;RIK Op OOxapoalI's TALL
ADVISEMENT (F. advisement), counsel, instruction.
Perhaps my souccour or advisement meet
Mote stead you much.
SPBNSER's F. QUEBN.
ADVOWRTaIg         (0. F. avoutrie), adultery.             See
"Avetrol."
At home, because Duke Humphry aye repined,
Calling his match advowtrie, as it was.
MIaa. FOR MAG.
Make letchers and their punks with dewtry
Commit fantastical advowtrsy.
BUTLBR'S HUDIBRAS.
The old English word spousebreach, which, in the
time of Wickliffe, was applied to this crime, is
much more significant than the word adopted from
the French.
ADVOUtitESSE (F.), an adulteress.
And thou art the deliverer of all innocents,
Thou didst help the advowtresse, that she might be amended.
0. P. RALPH ROYSTER DOYSTER.
ADUST (L. adustus), burnt, scorched, heated.
Which with torrid heat
And vapours (as the libian air adust)
Began to parch the temperate clime.
PARADISE LOST.
The same adust complexion has impell'd
Charles to the convent, Philip to the field.
POPE.
AbWARD        (0. F. award), award, judgment, sentence.
From fearful cowards entrance to forestall,
And faint-heart fools whom shew of peril hard,
Could terrify from fortune's faire adward.
SPINSaR's F. QUEEN..EIRI   (F. airie), a nest, in its general acceptation,
but particularly     the nest of an eagle, hawk, or




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


13,other bird of prey, from      their building     in  lofty
places.
I found the pheasant that the hawk doth fear,
Seeking for safety, bred her ayrey there.
DRAYTON's OWL.
- --- But I was born so high,
Our aery buildeth in the cedar's top.
K. RICUARD III.
-   The eagle and the stork
On cliffs and cedar tops their eyriet build.
PARADISZ LOST.
AFATEMENT (0. F. afaiter), teaching, address, or
demeanour.
The thridde hym taughte to play at bal,
The feorthe afatement in halle.
RoM. or KyNo ALISAUNDRna.
AFEORME (F. affirer), to confirm, make fast.
Have who the maistry may,
Afeormed fast is this deray.
Is.
AFERD     (0. F. aferir), made an affair or business of.
And hoteth hym send fer and nere
To his justices letters hard
That the counties be aferd.
IN.
AFFAITE, to defeat, overcome.
My father ye shall well beleve
The yonge whelp which is afaited.
Gowna's CoM. AM.
AFFAMISH       (F. afamer),       to  starve   for want of
nourishment.
With light thereof I do myself sustain,
And thereon feed my love qfamisht heart.
SPENSER'S SONNxTS,
AFFEAR      (S. afcrran),      td fear.     The participle
affeard is supbrseded by the modern word afraid;
the latter, however, is a manifest corruption.
Were thou afered of her eieI
For of her honde there is no dred.
GOWst'iC  Cov. Am.




14


A GWOSSARIAL hND


With scalled browas, blake and pilled herd,
Of his visage children were sore afered.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO SOMPNOVR's 'TALCE.
Each trembling lf.fe and *histling wind they hear,
As ghastly bug, does greatlyhim 4fete.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
Be not alear'd, the isle is full of noises.
TEMPEST.
AFFECT (F. afecter), passion, affection, love.
Shut up thy daughter,-bridle her afects.
O. P. GEORGE A GREENE.
"Philly to knowin without were,
Frende of afecte, and frende of chere.
CHAUCER'S Ros. OF THE ROSE.
All overtamne rith infinite qfect
For his teceeding courtesy.
SPENSBR'S F. QUEEN.
AFFEER     (F. affier), a word derived from        aferers,
persons who mitigate and settle the amount of fines
in coinrts leet, hence the term is used to denote any
thing confirmed'or reduced to certainty.
Great tyranny lay thou thy basis sure,
For gooness does not check thee; wear thou thy wrongs,
Thy title is afeer'd.
MACBETH.
AFFIDAVIT      (L. adfidem    dare), a declaration made
upon oath. Those persons who, in the time of
the civil war (temp. Car. 1), subscribed the solemn
league and covenant, held the form of taking an
oath by kissing 'the book to be idolatrous and
popjsh, an4 instead thereof, introduced the form
of givig. testimopny by holdipg up the right hand.
Held up his qfidavit' hand,
As if h' hid beeri to be arraign'd.
HIUD1RAs.
AFFILE (F. affiler), to make smooth by filing, to




ETYMO-LO,GICAL DICTIONARY.


15"


work with a file; but figuratively, to speak with
gentleness or softness.
For when he hath his tongue afited
With soft spesobe and with lesysige.
Gowue's Cox. Am.
For well he wiste, when that songe was songe,
He must preche and well afile his tonge.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO PARDoNIER's TALE.
AFFINED (L. a/Jinis), related to, whether arising
from consanguinity, association, similarity, or resemblance.
If -partially affined, or leagued in office,
Tbou dost deliver more or less than truth,
Thou. art no soldier.
OTHELLO.
The hard and soft seem all affin'd and kin.
Tito. AmD CRESSIDA.
AFFRAIE (F. effrayer), fear; also, AFrFRAIIE, the
verb, to frighten or put in fear.
But yetlI an in great ajfnsie
Lest th1oix 4hQuldost do as I sale.
CHAUC~ta'S ROM,. Oir THE Ross.
Who, full of ghastly fright and c14 eqitaie,
Gaa eshut the door.
5PXNsIFa'B F. QuXZN.
The stonoes, were of Rynes,. the noise dredfal and grate,
it af9raied the Sarazines.
ROPUaRT op Gioveusmai's OaueN.
AFFRAP (F. frapper), to encounter, to strike down.
They bees aesette,, both ready to csjrap.
SPzNesza's F. QUxEN.
I have been trained up in warlike stoure,
To tossen. speare and shield, api4 to afrap.  B
AFFRENDLED (S. freond), made friends by acts of
'kindness, reconciled.
Wbere, whess she saw tA~ aesse was' we* txAed
And deadly foes so fasitWYbfegy tei4ed*.,
SiPENSEK's F. Qesiwz.
AFFRET (it. freula), an encounter,* assault, attack.,
onset.




16


A GLOgtARTAL'AlND


They' both toget)ser Inet,
With dredful force and fuiouos intent,
Careless of perill, on their fierce asfret.
SPEgNsER'S F. Quzzwr.
That with the terror of their fiercea4fret,
They rudely drove to ground both man and horse.
AFFRONT (L. ad fron ern). This word, in its original signaification, meant to oppose, to meet face~
to face, to present a hostile front to a person;but
now it is only used to denote the offering an ifisuit or designed offence.
The men who slips wherewith poor Rome eafronsts him,
All powerless give proud Coesat's wroth free paseake.
0s Pe COXNUIMA.
Did not this fatel war qjioost our coast
Yet settest thou an idle looker on.
Against Cainbelloicroely him -addrest,
Who him affropsting soon, to fight was ready prest.
-   Unless another   SrNE'F.QuN
As like Hermione as is her picture
4Jiost his eye.               iz.9Ttr
Ar o(L  ffidare),, to trust, to have or plight faith;
to hind oneself to the performance of any thing-, to
betroth.
She Is fortune verely,
In whom no man should aj'y.
Cu.arCga's, ROM. *OF Til ROSE.
Wedded be thouto ths hap of hell,
For daring to 'aJ aamiglity lord.
2 PART K. Hve. vs.,
AFIELD, into the field.
Tho*AWs peers -fsl~poudi and ptat hein si toi werke,,
in daubing and in delvyng in donge afleld berynge.
P. PLOWMAN'S VISION.
We drqve qfield,. and both together hedrd
What time the grey fly winds her sultry horn.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*


17


AFINE, to purge or elear fromn impurities.
Nor of the retsins hava tue wiqe,
Till the grapes be ripe and wel afine
Before cinpressed.
CtMAUrci's Rom. op 'rnE Rosz.
AFLIGH-T, -want of courage on. the approach of danger or difficulty.
Upon this worde her herte ajigkt,
Thyn kende what was best to doone.
Gowan's CON. Am..
AFoNGE (S.), to receive, 'reach, undertake, seize.
Ac his armure was so stronge,
The spere n'olde him afOnge.
Rom. oir K. ALISAUNDRE.
AFOOT, on foot; fgrtvlready for action.
Thegiame's afoot,
Follow your spirit, and upon this charge,
Cry God for Harry, England, and St. George!
I ~K. HIM*' V.
AFORNE (at-foran), before.
Seth ye had a prerogatife
As eldest brother for to raigne aforne.
LYDGATZ's TiHEBES.
AFYGHTETHJ tametb, reducing            to subjection, from
thie old French     words affie8, affietes, subjects or
tenants in vassalage.
Hardy they beon and ful of wrake,
Delfynes they nymeth and cokedrill,
And afygat eel. to heore winle.
Rom. oir K. ALISAUNwau.
A.GADE, distracted.,
Damne, thou art agade
That thou moanest for the dead,.
Rom. OF THE SEVEN SAGES.
AGAME (S. gamen), in game, in jest, in derision.
I am right glad with you to dwellen here,
I said but agame I wqld go.
CHAVC]mas Taos AND CMss.
c3




18;


A GLOSSARIAL AND


AGAPE (S.geapen), with the mouth wide open; but,
figuratively, to wonder or admire.
When their rich retinue long,
Of horses led and grooms besmeared with gold,
Dazzles the crowd and sets them all agape.
Pa.. LdsT.
AGAST     (S. gesean), to be afraid, frightened; to
gaze with terror or astonishment.
The mariner was agast that ship that wold not go,
Lqts did they kaste for whom they had that wo.
SRhBBRT e GLOUCESTER'S CHRON.
Ne how the ground agast was of the light,
That was not wont to see the sunne bright.
CHAUCER'S KNIGHT'S TALE.
He met a dwarfe that seemed terrified
SWith some late peril, which he hardly past,
Or other accident, which him agast.
SPENSERS- F. QUEEN.
AGATE, going, on the way; a word still in use in the
north of England.
I pray you, memory, set him agate again.
0. P. LINGUA.
AGELT (G. entgelten), forfeited.
Thir he had i-wrathed your wif,
Yet had he nowt agelt his lif.
RoM. OF THE SEVEN SAGES.
AGGRACE (L. gratia), kindness, favour; an affection.
So goodly purpose they together fond,
Of kindnesse and of courteous aggrace.
SPENSKE's F. QUEBN.
AGGRATE (It. aggratare), to please, to gratify.
And eche one sought his lady to aggrate.
IB.
AGILT, -to be guilty, to offend.
He agiUle her nere in othir case,
So here all wholly his trespasse.
CxAucza's ROM. or rus Ross.


'.~.*




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


19


AGLET (F. aigulette), a tagged point used in the
dress of a man, supplying the place of the msodern
button; sometimes they had the small figure of a
head cut or impressed upon them.
Why give him gold enough, and marry him to an aglet baby,
TAM. OF A SHREW.
And on his head a hood with aglets sprad,
And by his side his hunter's horn.
SPENSER'S F. QUETE.
AGNIZE (L. agnosco), to acknowledge, confess, or
avow.
The tenor of your princely will from you for to agnike.
CAMBYSES.
I do agnize
A natural and prompt alacrity.
OTMHLLO.
AGNOMINATE (L'. agnomino), to name.
Which, in memorial of victory,
Shall be agnominated by our name,
And talked of by our posterity.
O. P. LocRINB.
AGOG, eager, elate, on the start. This word is admitted to be of doubtful etymology; some derive
it from the Saxon gangan, to go; Dr. Johnson, from
the low French phrase agogo; as, ils vivent agogo,
"they live to their wish;" but this definition of
the word does not correspond with its obvious
meaning. Mr. Boucher thinks it to be of pure Celtic
origin, from gog, a hill, which, being resolved into
a gaug, literally, on high, and figuratively, elate;
but whatever be the primitive derivation of the
word, it seems reasonable to suppose that it is
immediately deduced from the Italian agognare,




20


A OOSSARIAL AND


to wibh or long' for ardently; 'of; this opinian is
Mr.,! roc'ket, in hia (b     oes r   o~wV f North  Counftry
Word.&: As eagerness and 'elation have the effect
of giving expansion to the eyes, w,6 use the word
goggle eyes to: signify large projecting eyes.
And worst of all, the women that doe
go wflhthlerAtset them agog that do tarrie.
GOLDEN Boox.
six precious souls and all agog
To 4&sh through thick and thin.
COWPER'S JOHN GILPIN.
AGOOD (S.,god), in earniest, heartily.
Al that time I made her weep egood,
For I did play a lamentable part.
T*6 GENTSi. OF VECRONA.
AGRAME (S. greemia~n), to vex or displease.
Sir Guy as tight upsterte
As man that vmWasmgeda in haste.
Guy ow W.AzwioK. Paatcy'S RBLIQUES.
And if a man be -falsely famed,
And wol i-make purgacyon,
7Thon wol the of~cers be agrsmed.
CHAUCER'S PLOWMiAN'S TALE.
AGIA9TE', shbewing grace and favour.
-She rantýA,: saad that'knight so much agraate,
That she hWm taught celestial discipline.
SpaieaaaR'a F. QuINN;.
Aniait (P. degr6), of the first rank, high born, of
hig'h deigree; pre-emninence,
lie wasfair and wel ag*4,
And was a child of gret noblay.
TALE OF MERLIN.
And that was for I shvould say
The grd of the field I had to day.
Lire or lipSSITDoN.
AGREFE,* in grief or with sorrow.
And. nece of mine, ne take It not agrefe.,
CzsAUea'S T.t0i AND CRESS.




ETYM6?LO'GICAL DICTIONARY.


21


AdaitrE (S. agi'iean, to crash), to astonish., frightn;
to dread.
Such rulers mowen of God agrise.
CHAUCE'S PLOWMAN'S TALE.
And poutring fortk their blood in brutish wise,
That any iron eyes to see it would agrise.
SpzwsEsats F. QuZZW.
AGROTE, to surfeit, saturate, or cloy.
But I am agroted here beforne
To write of him that in love been forsworue.
CRAUCZR' LEGENc*D or GOOD WOUXV.
Aoutsic (S gi~sa), fashion, attire., external appearance.
Then gan this crafty couple to devise
flow for the eCost thry might themselves agulee.
SPSieuaa'e MoTHza Hvs~asa's TAIN.
Somefties her head the fondly would quwite.
AIGULET.       See "1Aglet."0            Ms~a'.Q~s
Aim (0. F. eamer), to guess.
Ye~t Still w~nt on, which way he could not aim..
FAXPWAx'is TAsso.
I aim'd so near when I suppoe'd you lov'd.
RoMSo AND JULIET.,
But fearing that my jealous aim milght orr,
And so unworthily disgrace the man.
Two GENT8. Of VERONA..
MIME, to point at; 'to cry aime, i. e. to accept a
challenge., a word derived from archery; literally,
to consent to or approve of any thing.
0 Brutus, speak! 0 say, Servillus 1
Wlsy cry you spine! and see us used thus.
0. P. CORNSLIA.
AIRIEN   (Ger. ey), an egg.       This word is sometimes
spelt ayren and eyren'.
Men to hym threowe dirt. and donMe
With foule airce.
ROM,. OF K. A1SsAVND&Zs.




22


A GZ4OSSARJAL.4$ND


AIRLE-PENN9Y. This word is of remote antiquity,
and refers to an ancie nt custom or giving arrliw or
presents from a, man to h woman, on their entering
into a contract to marry., and in thirs sense it is
used byPlauitus.,The present was generally an
annulus or ring-, atnd in -reference to the sanctity of
the engagement, the gift was subsequently called
a- God's pennie; but though in its primary signification it imported a spousal gift,, the lapse of time
has converted the use of the word to earnest
money given to bind any, bargain of whatever natiure.
Yeut* paoflt of lave's a irs tuepOMW#~
My tother's the barg.ain,  swe mun
MIRT, a point of the compes,. a, quarter oft the
heavens.. TIls' word- is chiefly confined to the
Scottish dialect.
Anti ufnder quhat art of the heven so Isle,
Or at quhat Coldt of the wcwld fin&ly
Sol we arrve
DOUGLAS'S ENRSW.
Of a! the aides the wind. can blow,
I dearly like the west.
AKCENNING, reconhioitering, discovering.
naey moWe kezUD&n Dr~s' oste
At the other side akoe.sing.
ROM. OF K. ALINAUNDA$.
AL ANDEc, ALONDEC, on land.
1hef safien tiW they-Come tulbom
At Tharse, nygh to the citee.
Go*xR'ls cosr. Axt.
ate 09~Y With thue Ptltlte, his maisn#'
Were cast alanide.




ETYMOLOICAL DICTIONARY.


823


ALANGE, tedious, irksome; that which renders tedious and weary.
In time of winter, alange it is!
The foules lesen her bliss,
The levees fallen off the tre,
Rain alangeth the countree.
Rom. oy MRaItN.
ALARGID, given, bestowed.
Such part in their nativitie
Was then alarged of beautie.
CHAVCER'S DRums.
ALATE, Of late, lately.
Where chilling frost alate did nip.
GREENE's DITTIE Or DORALICIA.
I saw standing the goodly porttes,
Whych axed me from whence I came alate.
TowN   o  DOCTRINMS.
ALAUNTES, hynting          dogs, supposed      to partake of
the nature of the greyhound, but probably, from
jhe prey hunted      by them, a species of mastiff or
other strong dog.
He rode tho upon a forest stronde,
With grete route and royaltie;
The fairest that was in all that londe,
With alauntes, lymeris, and racchis free.
SYR FERUMBRAS,
About her chare there went white alaunsdee,
Twelve and mo, as grete as any stere,
To hunten at the lyon and the bere.
CHAUCEa's KNIoAms TALE.
ALsBE (L. album, from its white colour), a vestment
used by the priests of the Roman Catholic Church
in the exercise of their religious ceremonies.
Of preste thou hast no merke, albe, ne nor asrite,
But laced in a hauberke.
P. LANOTOPT's CHRON.
The bishops donn'd their alber and copes of state.
FAIRFAX's TAsso.




24


24A GLOSSA.RIAlo ANflDý


ALIBE, a contraction of albeit, although.
Whereof conceiving shame and foul disgrape,
Alb her guiltlesse conscience her cleared.
SraNsmn's F. Quhnm
ALBIFICATION (a. word compounded of the Latin
allbm and facere), to whiten.
Our fournets eke of calcInatoh,
And of wateres albi/Aation.
CHAtUCER'S YEOMAN'S TALE.
ALBRICIAs, a gratuity, a reward to one who brings
good news; a Spanish custom, from whence the
word is derived.
Give me my aliricias, sir, I bring you
The rarest news.
I. P. AvEsNTURES or FIVE HOURS.
ALDER, the ancient genitive plural of the Saxon
eal, all, and being prefixed to adjectives, signified
the superlative degree; as, alder-lievest, best beloved; alder-first, first of all; alder-best, the very
best, &c.
Six and twenty baners of Englond alder-best.
P. LANOTOrT'S CHION.
Well could he read a lesson or a storie,
But alder-best he songe an offertorie.
CHAUCER'S Po. 'to CANT. TALES.
Mine alder-lievest lord and brother dire.
CHAUCEn's Taos AND CRESS.
ALE    (S. eale).    Festive meetings of the country
people were formerly called ales; as, Whitsun ale,
Midsummer ale, Bride ale, &c. denoting the time
for such hilarious meetings.
Next Midsummer ale I may serve for afool
and he for a Maid Marsia.
0. P. Tua ANTIQUARY.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


25


ALECIE, a word coined from ale; the state of being
intoxicated with that liquor.
But to arrest a man that hath no likenesse to a horse, is flat
lunacie or alecie.
0. P. LYLY'S MOTHER BOMBIE.
ALEDE (S. aleadan), to rule or govern.
Fifteen yere he gan him fede,
Sir Robard the trewe;
He taught him eche alede
Of ich maner of glewe.
SIR TRISTRAM.
ALESTAKE, a stake or pole set up as a sign for an
ale-house; it was sometimes called an alebush, from
the circumstance of a bush being fastened to it,
and hence is derived the proverb " good wine
needs no bush," and the very common signs of
the Bush Tavern, the Bull and Bush, &c.
A garlond had he sette upon his hedde,
As grete as it were for an alestake.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO SOMPNOUR'S TALE.
Another brought her bedes
Of jet or of cole,
To offer to the ale pole.
SKELTON's POEMS.
ALEW (F. hola), an interjection, now spelt holla
and halloo; to make a noise, to call or shout to
any person at a distance.
Yet did she not lament with loud alew,
As women wont.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
ALFRIDARIA, a power which astrologers pretend
that the planets possess over the life of a person.
I'll find the cusp and alfridaria,
And know what planet is in cazimi.
0. P. ALBUMAZAlR
D




26


A GLOSSARIAL AND


ALGATES (S. algeates).          This word is used to express different meanings; as, always, nevertheless,
wholly, notwithstanding, by all means.
He would algates his truth hold.
GOWER'S CON. AM.
And with his fall his leg oppress'd so sore,
That for a space there must he algates dwell.
FAIRFAX.
All mercilesse he will that it be doe,
That we algate shall dye both two.
BOCHAS.
Sith Una now he algates must forego,
Whom his victorious hands did erst restore.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN,
ALGRIM.      See " Aagrim."
ALICANT, a species of wine imported from Alicant,
in Spain, made chiefly from mulberries.
You'll blood three pottles of Alicant by this light,
if you follow 'em.
0. P. THE HONEST WHORE.
ALIEN, to anoint.
And aiies his brother with the bl6de,
Thurch God's grace that is so gode.
TALS oF AMIS AND AmInIOUN.
ALITE, an abbreviation of a little; a short time.
He rested but alite, a sounde the Inglish him sendes.
P. LANOTOFT'S CHRON.
For leveth well and sooth is this,
For when I knowe how all it is,
I wol but fortheren him alte,
GOWER's CON. AM.
ALKINS, a contraction of all kinds of.
She said she might have no solace,
He was so prison'd in that place,
Fro the sight of alkins men.
Roi. or TEE SEVEN SAGES.
Let them again the land of Arge be socht
With alkin portage.
DOUGLAS'S ENEID.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


27


ALL A MORT (F. a la mort), depressed, out of spirits,
dejected, melancholy.
Why, how now, sir Arthur?-All a mort, master Oliver.
o. P. LONDON PRODIGAL.
No, I am all a, sort as if I had lain
Three days in my grave already.
M.LssINGER'S PAR. OF Lovzg.
ALL AND SOME. These words frequently occur in
Chaucer and Spenser, and sigrnify altogrether.
We are betrayed, and y-nome
Hlorse and harness, lords, all and some.
RoMt. oF RICHARD CxEva HEz LIwN.
That hastily they would to him come,
He wold abridgen h~er labour all and somne.
CHAUVS I'll MNACHANT'o TALE.
ALLECT (L. aflccto), to draw to, to allure, to attract,
to entice, or seduce.
Women y fas'oid wltbt fraud and deceipt,
To thy contusilon most alleetive bait.
CnAucsgt's RExinDlE or Lovs,
ALLEGE (S. aleegan), to mitigate, soothe, or alie-.
'viate; answering to the modern word allay.
The sight only and the savour
Alegged much of my lanigour.
CIL&UcE's Rosi. OF TJlE Ross,
Hart that Is inly hurt is greatly eased
With hope. of thing that may allege the smart.
SPENsR's F. QuxtsH.
AL L ER, the same as ALDER., whichi see.
ALLERFIRSTE, first of all.
Tho allerfirste he ssnderstode
That hie was ryght kingis hiode.
Rom. or K. ALISAUNDRE.
ALLEY (F. alle'e), a narrow passagre, a walk in a
garden. So long about thc alleys is he Can
Till he was coming again to this pery.
CHAUCER'S MARcHANT's rTALC.,




20Q


A GLOSSARIAL AND


And all within were walkes and arcys w id e
With footing worn.
SPENsER'S F.,QUEEM..
ALL LOVES, a common adjuration, meaning- for tje'
love of God, of heaven, &c. and sometimes of all
loves on earth.
For al the loves on erthe, Hodge, let me see it.
0. P. GUAMM5ER GURrON'vs NVEn5.ev.
Conj axing his wife, of all loves, to prepare cheer.
0. P. Tur. HONEST Wssosi9
Speak, of dll loves! MD.RGTSJNM
ALLOWE (F. allouert), to approve.
Trhix Is in aussise what I would have yon wry
First, whethS? you ullow# my whol@ devise.
0. P. Yuaax AWOI J'OAIsRNx
-If your sweet sway
allaw obedience,
Ksseo LuASS,
ALMAGISTE-, the name of a work on astronomy written by Ptolemy.
His 4lmagite and bookes, grete and smalL
CISAUCER'S MILLER."s TALE1.
ALMAIN, leap; a vaulting l~eap made in dancing. In
explanation of the following quotation, it is pro..
per to observe., that the jester of the city of Lohsdon practised a piece of buffoonery, at the 'City
feasts, by leaping into a large custard made for
the occasion, and thereby, as it is said, greatly
added to the entertainment of the spectators.
Skip with a rhyme of the table from new nothing,
And take his ahnoain leap into a custard.
B. JONSON's D19VuL AN- Ass..
ALMAINY, Germany.
I'll cry flounders else,
And walk with my petticoat tuck'd up like
A loksg maid of Almainy.
0. P?. Tax. WITS.,




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


29


ALMATOUR, an officer attached to a religious establishment, to whom belonged the distribution of
the alms of the house. By the ancient canons, onetenth of the income of monasteries was required
to be distributed in alms to the poor. This officer
was subsequently called an almoner.
After him came Dahnadas,
A riche aimatour he was.
RoM, or K. ALISAUNDRE.
ALMOND FOR A PARROT, a phrase frequently used
by the old dramatists, the meaning of which is not
very obvious; probably a parrot was taught to ask
for an almond, and hence it might be used to denote silly unmeaning prattle.       The quotations
seem to countenance the supposition.
"What a green greasy shining coat he hath;
An almond for a parrot!-A rope for a parrot 1
0. P. ENGLISHMEN FOR MY MONEY.
My tongue speaks no language but an alumondfor a parroe and
crack me this nut.
0. P. OLD FORTUNATUS.
The phrase also occurs in Dekkar's Honest Whore,
Middleton's Spanish Gypsey, and Ben Jonson's
Magnetic Lady.
ALMOUS and ALMESSE (Teut. almosen), alms, charitable gifts.
He was to needy men of his almesse large and free.
ROBEIRT OF GLOUCESTER'S CaRON.
----   And yet he giveth almesse,
And fasteth ofte and hereth messe.
GOWER'S CON. AM.
He was a man of almons grete,
Both of monie and of mete.
WYV'orus's fCtRON.
D3




30


A GLOSSARIAL AND


ALONDE.      See "Alande."
ALosE (L. laus), to praise or commend.
Nother lackey ne alose ne leyse that ther were.
P. PLOWMAN'S VISION,
Merry and full of jollity,
And of largesse alosed be.
CHAyUCRR'S RoM. OP THE ROSlr
ALOURIS (0. F. aloir), passages, corridors.
The toures to lake and the torellis
Vawtes, alouris and the corneris.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
ALOW, in an humble manner; downward.
She stood and hing her vissage down alow.
CHAUCER'S COURT OF LOVE..
ALOWDE, to be humbled or brought low.
Narcissus may example bee
And mirrour to the proude;
By whom they may most plainly see
How pride hath been allowde.
TUBERVILLE.
ALOWE     (F. allouer), praises; approved of.       Perhaps in the same sense as we now use the word
allow.
Kyng Richard took it to griefe,
And on him gan to loke rowe"Cursyd be he that thy werke alowe.'1
RoM. OF RICHARD CiEUR DE LIrN.
ALSATIA, a name given to the precinct of Whitefriars, near the Temple; it was called Alsatia the
higher, to distinguish it from the Mint, in Southwark, which was called Alsatia the lower; both
these places obtained certain privileges, particularly arrest from civil process, and in consequence
became the resort of the profligate and abandoned




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


31


of both sexes, and the scene of frequent riots and
disturbances.    By an act of William     III. these
and several other privileged places were put down.
Shadwell has dramatised the manners and language of the Alsatians, in a satirical comedy called
The Squire of Alsalia, acted in 1688.
ALTERN (L. alternus), following in turn, acting
by turns.
--- The greater to have rule by day,
The less by night altern.
MILTON.
AMAIN    (S. mmgn), with vehemence, force, or
vigour.
A concert! that amain; play that amain.
O. P. LUST'S DOMINION.
AMAISTRE (0. F. maistre), to master, to overcome,
to get the better of.
Is he not riche that hath suffisance? and have
Ye power that no man may amaistre?
CHAUCER'S TEST. OF LOVE.
AMANSE, to curse, to interdict, or excommunicate.
He amansed alle that such unright adde i-do
"To the churche of Kanterbury.
ROBERT or GLOUCESTER'S CHRON.
AMARANTH (L. amaranthus), an imaginary flower,
described by the poets as never fading. There is a
flower so called, a species of which is better known
by the name of "Love lies bleeding."
Immortal amaranth! a flower which once
In Paradise, fast by the tree of life,
Began to bloom.
PARADISI LOST.
AMATE (S. met), to daunt, to stupify with horror,




32


A GLOSSARIAL AND


to dismay; also, in another sense, from mate, to
associate with as a companion.
Whom griely terror doth so mueh amete.
Rous's THULE.
Which when the world she meaneth to amate.
DRATTON's ECLOGUES.
A lovely levy of fair ladies satte,
Courted of many a jolly paramour,
The which them did in modest wise amate.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
What are you n  atfd by this frolic friar?
0. P. FRIAR BACON AND FRIAR BUNGAY.
AMBAGES (L.), a long circumstance of words, an
indirect mode of expression, a prevaricating or
circumlocutory speech.
----   I cannot play the dissembler,
And wooe my love with courtly ambages.
0. P. WILY BEGUILED,
But, now, setting apart the ambages and superfluous vagaries,
I pray you describe it, &c.
STVaBs's ANATOMY OF ABUSES.
Tush! tush! my lord, let go these ambages,
And in plain terms acquaint her.
0. P. THE SPANISH TRAGEDY,
AMBERGREASE (from amber and gris), grey amber,
a fragrant and unctuous substance, found floating
on thesea, but its origin seems involved in mystery,
various opinions being held as to its derivation,
but nothing satisfactorily proved; it was used formerly as a culinary article, for preparing meats,
and flavouring sauces and wines.
In each of them shall be enclosed a fat nightingale, well
seaaon'd with ambergrease.
0. P. Tas ANTIQUARY.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


33


S-     Be sure
The wines be lusty, high and full of spirit,
And amber'd all.
CUSTOM OF THE COUNTRY, BY BEAUMONT
AND FLETCHER.
AMBREE, Mary.      This female warrior is rendered
famous by her heroic conduct at the siege of Ghent,
in 1584, and in consequence became the subject
of many popular ballads; little is known of her
history beyond what may be obtained from the old
ballads, from which it seems that the cause of her
appearing in armour and gallantly leading the
soldiers to the charge, was to revenge the death
of her lover, who was slain in her presence. Her
name afterwards became proverbial, to denote any
woman of masculine habits or appearance.
When captains courageous, whom death colde not daunt,
Did marche to the siege of the cittee of Gaunte;
They mustred their soldiers by two and by three,
And formost in battle was Mary Ambree,
OLD BALLAD.
-      My large gentlewoman, my Mary Ambree,
Had I but seen into you, you should have had
Another bed-fellow.
FLETCHRR'S SCORNFUL LADY.
---   My daughter will be valiant,
And prove a very Mary Ambree.
B. JoNsoN's TALE OF A TUB.
AMBRIE (0. F. ambrey), a cupboard, store house,
buttery, or larder, where provisions are kept; probably the Almonry, in Westminster, pronounced
Ambry, was so called, from     a building formerly
there, set apart for that use; it should more properly be called Aumonery, from the Latin eleemc.




34


A GLOSSARIAL AND


seynaria, a house adjoining the Abbey Church, in
which the charitable provisions for the poor were
usually stored for their use.
0 Waly, fu La' the cat,
She's opened the ampy door,
And eaten up a' the cheese.OLSCTBNO
AMBULANDE (L. arnbulo), walking.
on faire embuiassde horse they sit.
Gow-ER's Cox. AM.m
AMi1L (F. ema~il), to enlay with variegated colours;
now called enamel.
H1eaven's richest diamond set in rntel.
Vss'MrCHAMa' Ptoama tsa.Arsn
And withi R hand of gold tasuIL6d,
Andi knoippes fine of gold amtied.
AmENA&Qz (F. menager), to manage, conduct, or
carry on.
With her whoso, will raging furor tame,,
'Must first begin and well her arnenage.
SESER'xSa' F. QUICON.
AMENAUNCE (.amawnu*), carriagp, behaviour, den
menenouir.
flow may strange knight hope ever to aspire
13y faithful service and meete amenaunce.
1B.
For he Is fit to use in all assays,
Whether for arms or warlike arnxenaunee.
SP. MOTHEUR HuSTIBAWD's TALM
AMENEUSE, (F. amencuser), to lessen or diminish.
His mercy is surmouinting of foisona
Ever encreaseth without amensssillg..
'Me th3redde (the spice of envy) is to alneneuae
The bountie of his neighbour.
CHAVcER'S FRASONPJE's TAL4.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


AMERED (S. amerian), examined and found innocent.
The wyf hath the tale y-herde,
And thought wel to ben amered.
Rox. OF THE SEVEN SAGES.
AMERREDE, marred, spoiled, broken to pieces.
He ran with a drawe swerde
To his mamentrye,
And alle hys goddes there hlie amerrede.
Rox. OF OCTAVIAN IrMP
AMEYE     (F. anmie), a mistress; but it is sometimes
used to signify a paramour in general, whether
male or female.
Mony mon ther lese his brothir,
Mony ladie her ameye.
Roa. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
AMicE (L. amictum), part of the dress of popish
priests, when they robe for the celebration of the
mass; also, anciently, the garment of the Cistertian
or Bernardine nuns.
Now changeful doom the nuns with amice grey,
Lure from our court our paramours away.
WAY'S FAtLlAvX, THE CANONESS
AND THE GREY NUNS.
Thus pass'd the night so foul, this morning fair
Came forth with pilgrim steps in anmice grey.
PAR. REGAINED.
AMILED, enamelled.        See " Amel."
AMITURE (F.), friendship.
Thow, he sayd, traitour,
Yesterday thou came in amit ure.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
AMONESTEMENT (F.), admonition.
The Kyng anmoestemente herde,
Quykiiche thennes he ferde,
As we fyndeth in our booke.
is.




36


A GLOSSARIAL AND


AMORETTES (F. amourettes), love knots or garlands;
love stories.
For also well wol love be sette
Under ragges as riche rochette,
And eke as well by amorettes.
CHAUCER'S ROM. OF THU  ROSE.
Not y-clad in silk was he,
But all in flouris and flourettes,
Y-painted with amorettes.
IB.
AMORILY, merrily, with glee.
Hail to the god and goddess of our laye,
And to the lectorn amorily he spronge.
CHAUCER'S COURT OF LOVE.
AMORT.      See " All a Mort."
AMORTISE      (from   the F, armortir, to extinguish),
to dispose of lands or money to any corporation
for certain uses, from which there can be no alienation of the property; hence property so held is
said to be held in mortmain, or in a dead hand.
If lewd men (i. e. laymen) knew this Latyn, they wold
loke whom they give,
And advise them afore or five days or sixe,
Ere they amortised to monks or chanons theyr rentes.
P. PLOWMAN'S VISION,
AMORWE, in the morning.
Amorwe, when the day gan to spting,
Up rose our hoste and was our alder cock.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO PARDONER'S TALE.
Amorowe, on the morrow, is used indiscriminately
with the foregoing word to signify both the morning and the morrow.
No, no man may fynde borowe
Fro even to lyve til amorwe
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
That when I saw her amorowe,
I was warished of all my sorrowe.
CHAUCER'S DREM:.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


37


AN, according to Tooke, the imperative of the Saxon
anatn, to grant; it is used by old authors in the
same sense as the conjunction if, and sometimes
as, and.
An thoghte amorwe strong batayle do.
ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER'l CILBON.
Nay, an thou dalliest, then I am thy foe.
B. JONSON's POETASTER.
Nay, an I budge from thee,
Beat me.
BEAUMONT AND FLETCHER'S CUSTOM
OF THE COUNTRY.
ANADEME       (F. anademe), a garland, a wreath, a
diadem.
Oft drest this tree with anadems of flowers.
DRAYTON'S OWL.
But each with other wear the anadem.
B. JONSON'S MASQUE.
ANCIENT (F. ancien), a standard or banner; also,
the officer carrying the same, the standard bearer.
Lord Westmorland his ancyent rais'd,
The dun bull he rais'd on hie.
THE RISING IN THE NORTH.
This is Othello's ancient, as I take it,The same, indeed, a very valiant fellow.
OTIIELLO.
Nay, by my troth, master, none flourish in these withering
times but ancient bearers.
O. P. FORTUNATTS.
ANCOME, a swelling or small tumour.
I have seen a little prick, no bigger than a pin's head, swell
bigger, till it has come to an ancome.
O. P. EASTWARD HOE.
AND-IRONS, irons affixed to the end of a grate with
grooves to turn a spit, said to be a corruption of
end irons or brand irons, and more commonly called
dogsi on which wood is laid to burn. This is'the
E




88


SA GLOSSARIAL AND.


general definition found     in the lexicons;    but
oeither the fortm or use-of and-irons (which perhaps
boWld more properly be spelt hand-irons) appear
to be understood, the and-irons, of which there.
are many stitI in old houses, are bright circular
and concave pieces of iron or brass, affixed to the
top oi ihe iron supports of the grate, at each end,
as ornaments; they are generally fastened by a
nut or screw. The following quotations confirm
this description, both as to their shape and ornamental figure.
If you strike an entire body, as an and-iron of brass, at the
top, it maketh a more treble sound.
BACON.
The maid, a cleanly wench, had scoured it as bright as her
Oad-irons.
MEMOIRS OF MARTINUS SCRIBLERUS.
----- The and-irons,
I had forgot them, were two winking Cupids of silver, each on
one foot standing.
CYMBELINE.
From whence it appears that they were sonorous,
susceptible of a high polish, and perpendicular in
their position.
ANEAL (S. on elan), the Roman Catholic sacrament
of extreme unction, administered to the dying; to
rub with oil.
Unhousel'd, disappointe4, unameld;
"No reeksiang made, but sent to my account
With all my imperfections on my head.
HAMLIT.
0po *w he was housed a" d ona d, and had all that a Christen
Mnan ough to have.
S.  Taos. MoaR.




ETYMOKOGICA.L DICTIONARY.


39


ANENST,'opposite to or over against.
Betwesa Urelazid and Bretany
"Is wycht ansew Normawndy.
WYNTOUNI'S CHRON.
F our times the brazen horse, entering, stuck fast
Anesest the ruln'd girdle of the towvne.
HE&YwooD's TROJA BRITANNICA.
ANENT, of, about, or concerning, used chiefly in the
Scottish dialect. Chaucer spells the word ane~ns.0
Therefore, anenst their estates I wol In no manors deems no
detern-ine
CHAUCER'S PARDONER'S TALEg.
ANERTY, hardy, stout..
A knight ful anerty gaf tham this answers.
P. LANOTOIPT'S CHRON.
ANG.ELOT (F.) a. small c-beese, made in Normandy,
supposed to be originaliy so. called from the
maker's name.
Your angelota of Brie,
Yeuw niarsollil sad parmesan of Lodi.
0. P. TEE Wore.
ANGERLICHEr, appertaining to anger or' displeasure.
The king'ls last will wo mni deouse
AngeTlicII without answers.
CHAUCER'S PLOWMAN'S TALE.
But that he for aukger wrought,
His anger angerliche he brought.
GOWER'S CONi. Ams.
ANHUANG, to hangr o~r suspend by the neck.
That they beknew her wickednesse anon,
Anxd they were eAcsssge by tihe peck Ixules.
CHAUCER'S NONNEs PRtIEST'S TALE.
By him that this world hath wrought,,
14 l1a lver thoua wee ea4Wg.
OLD BALLAD OF GT~r OF WARtWICE.
ANlENT     (F. aneanter), to annihilate, to.reduceý to
no0thing.5 -That wlkked liche sand wlillfuIllche wold mercy' ssyen~e.
6                             P. PLOWMAN'S VISION.




49


4Q       A-',LOSSARIAL AND


ANKEU (G. anac/wret), an hermit or anchorite, of
which last word it is an abbreviation; a recluse.
Sometimes I am religious,
Now like an anker in a house.
CITAUCER's Rom. OP TUB ROSS&
A;1d awkers and hestmits that eat but at nodes.
P. PLOWMAN'S VI.S.
The word has also a feminine termination, anzc~
resse, to denote a female anchoritel.
Anmi"sss~',s that dwell
MeW'd Up in *"js likid i'iutuble ao~e theict beadg,
fAMPtA*,
ANLACKI a #art af knlt. or dargg'r, ulually worn
saupondod by the glrd1..
An 901Weel a&M a RIP00h'e a - of Puk
AmMI.L   as,; seoular- priesti. -so vikild from   an
yearly salary allowed to him for keeping an anni,,
versary, or otherwise saying continued masses for
the soul of a deceased person.
In I6ondon was a priest annuellere,
That therein had dwelt majay a year.
CHsAUCza'S CISAPONS YEOMAN'S TALP.
ANON, quickly, soon, by and by. -This word, twice
repeated, was formerly the usual answer of waiters
at taverns,.&c. Whben called to attend customers;
the fact is fully, illustrated iW the. first part of
Shakspeare's K. Hen. IV.
NQ msoney!1 Cau taverns stand without itson5,awnos?
0. P. Tee SrAwlen Gyrszy*




ETrYMOLOGICAL DTCTIONAnR.    4


41


AN-ONDYR, uinder, beneath.
Teti schypmen to londe yede,
To see the yle in length and brede,
And Pet water as hemn was tiede,
The roche as-andyir.    o.O     CTVAI
ANOTHERGATE.S, a different kind, another sort.
When Tiudbras, about to enter
Upon anathergetes adventure.  1UIRq
And his bringing up, evnolhwate8 marriage with suchi a minion.
o. P. LILY'S MOTHER BOMBIEc.
ANTHROPOPHAGI (Gr.), men eaters.
The Cannibals that each other eat,
The Anthro~pophagi.          OTHNELLO.
ANTICK (F. antique), a juggler, buffoon, or merry*
andrew; probably so called from their habits being
in an old fashioned& or grotesque' stile.'
Fear not, my lord;- we can contain Ourselves
Were he the veriest aistick.
INDUCTION TO THE TAr4ING OF A SnAiw.
Within the hollow crown,
That rounds the mortal temples of a king,
Death keeps his court, and there the eantic sits,
Scoffing his state.
ANTICKES, strange figures and devi~ces, whether of
men, womenD beasts, or birds, &c.
A fountains of embowe# workel, g-ulte with fysse golde, and
bice engrs)led with anticke worke. GRAFThN'S CaROM.-.41 barr'd wit* golden bNods, whlib~were e~tyJ'4
With curious enticka.
ANTIPHONERE (Or.), the alternate alaging of sacred
music; an anthem, book used in the service or the
Roman Catholic Church.
E 3




42                A  GLOSSARIAL AND
He alma redemptoris herde singe,
As children lerid her antiphonere.
CHAUCER'S PRIORSSQES TALP,
ANTRE (F. antre), a grotto, cave, or den.
'Wjierein of antres vast and desarts idle,
Rough quarries, rocks and hills whose heads reach heav'n.
OTHELLO,
APAIDE, satisfied, requited, paid.
Ye shuld have warned, or had I gon
That he you had an hundred frankes paid
By ready token: and helde him evil apaide.
CHAUCER'S SUIPMAN'S TALE,
Wilt thou soe? but I will make the well apaide.
0. P. THE NEW CUSTOM.
For ill it were to hearken to her cry,
For she is inly nothing ill apayde.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
So only can high justice rest appaid.
PARADISE LOST.
APALID    (F. appalir), depressed, discouraged; also,
frightened or struck with sudden fear.
Then when his name apaled is for age,
For all forgotten in her vassalage.
CHAUCER'S KNIGHT'S TALE.
These golden swords and daggers almost appale a man.
STUaBs's ANAT. or ABUSEs.
APAYRE, to detract, impair, calumniate.
"When thou sentest to Tanker the king,
To apayre me with thy lesyng.
ROM. OF RICEARD CCBUR DE LION.
T6 apairen any man, or him defame.
CHAUCaR'S PRO. TO THE MILLER'S TALE.
APE (S. eppa), a fool or silly person; therefore the
old saying of putting an ape in a person's hood,
Was to play the fool with or outwit him.
S.- Thus was the ape,
By their fair handling, put into Malbecco's cape.
SbPNSEn'S F. QUEEN.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


48


And thus she maketh Absolon her ape,
And all his ernist turneth into jape.
CRAUCZR'S WIFE OP BATH.
The common expression, to lead apes in hell, said
of women dying old maids, seems to have puzzled
all preceding writers as to its origin; but all agree
that it owes its rise to the Reformation, no mention being made of it prior to 1600 in any old
author.   Mr. Boucher suggests that it may have
been invented by the reformers, as an inducement
to women to marry. In the dissolution of the
monasteries, a disinclination to marriage manifested
itself, and many women of a contemplative turn of
mind sighed for the seclusion of the cloister; to
counteract this propensity, some pious reformer hi
upon the device in question; but whether true, ii
fact, or whether it had the desired effect, it is
difficult to determine. It is still in use in a jocular
sense.
But 'tis an old proverb, and you know it well,
That women dying maids lead apes in hell.
O. P. THn LONDON PRODIGAL.
Fear not, in hell you'll never lead apes,
A mortify'd maiden of five escapes.
B. JONsoN.
Well, if I quit him not, I here pray God
I may lead apes in hell, and die a maid.
O. P. ENGLISHMEN FOR MY MONEY.
APERNER, a drawer or waiter at a tavern, was so
called from the circumstance of their wearing
aprons; an apron man.
S'foot we have no wine here methinks;
Where's the aperner?
0. P. MAY DAY.




44


A ALOSSAftIAL AND


APER BE. These words are used by Chaucer and
other okd authors to denote superexcellence or
pre-emiinence.
0 fire Creside, the tionre and a per se
Of Troy and Greece.
Tuor AxD Casss.
Behold in Baldwin, a per se of my age,
Lord Richard Nevile, Earl by marriage
Of Warwick.
MIRaR. FOR MAG.
A-PEIZT -(L. aperio, apertum), open., unconcealed,
plainly.
Which asketh not to ben Vpert,,
But in ailence and in covert
Desyrat to be beshaded.
GowiaR's Cox. Am.
APERT (L. apparatu~s), brisk, bold, free.
William all aperte, his ost redy he dight.
P.. LtaNGPT's CniftoN.
ApcPERTILIC0HE, in a plain manner.
The burgess had a Pie in his halle
Thait coult tellen tales alle
*Apertilwkhe in French language.
Rom. OF THE SEVEN SAGES.
APIEs, a medicine composed of opium.
As he shal slepe as long as ever he haste,
The narcoticks and apies being so stronge.
CHAucEr'aS LEGEND OFr IYPHRMESTRCE.
APLACE, in place.
Bunt It like you to tell
How such goddes came. aplae,,
Yet mnight mochel thanke purthase.
GOWER'S Cow. Amr.
APLIGIT.,- complete, perfect, at once; also, "Used as a
pledge,; ' 1 plight," I promise, and in' general used
as an expletive.
Anon fre she hiht,
And warmed it well apligMs.  LAT Lz FREINS.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.1


45


Now is Edward of Carnarvon
Kyng of Engelond al aplight.,
0. BALLAD ON TIME DRATH OF EDW. 1.
And also the steward aplight,
Led them by the moon light.
Roms. or RycnARIp C(EEYK DR LION-.
Crounes they g~an crake,
Mani ich evene aplyght.
Siat TRiSTRAM,
A-'osTtE -s~ooNs. These spoons were presents maide.
by the sponsors to a child at its christening, and
were so called from their having the head of one
of the apostles at the extremity or the handle of
eaich spoon; they were usually twelve in number,
aind generally of' gold or silver gilt.. The number
and quality depended much upon the ability oft' ho
donor.
Comoe, omoM, my lords you'd!pwee Your 900o"0,
Whn PrIvato men get ionu, thtly Wet a n m
Without 0e11310 of any otJ 1%t noon -
bNtINT or P, V~~~
A&PPA~tATORt (L. apparo), an officer who serves the
suinmpgrs or process of the spiritval court, a WHITi
or serjeant.
Be there no other
Vocations as thriving and more. honest?
Sailiffs,, promoters, jailors, and appgritors.
0. IF. THEz Musas' LOOKiNG~r GLAcm
APPARYLEME.NT (F. appareiflet'), dress, array,
The maiden is r~ady for to ride
in a full riche apayrelemente. MORT D'AU'rWER,
APPAY (0. F. appal/er), to satisfy, to content. See
"41Apaide."
County or realm that were not well appayd,
If Nicolette reign'd there.
WAY'S FARIdIAVXI AUCASSIN AND NsCOJa1're.




46                 A GLOSSARIAL AN!)
Yet was the crafty queen but ill appaud.
WAY'S FAULIAUx, LAYr OF SIR G5UELAN.
APPEACH (F. impechei9, to impeach, accuse, or censure.
And oft of error did himself appeach.
SPENsER'S. F. QUERN.
Were he twenty times
My son, I would appeac/s him.
RIcRARD 11.
APPEAL (L. appello), to accuse or challengre.
Hast thou sounded him
If he appeal the duke on ancient malice.
Yet one but flatters us,
As well appeareth by the cause you corqe;
Namely, to appeal each other of high treason.
I's.
'APPERCEIVIE (F., apperftevoir), to perceive.
With so gla~d chere his guests he recelveth,
And coningly everich In his degree,
That no default no man appercedtvethCHAucER's CWAzaX's TAL2.
APPEPUL (F. per-il), hazard, danger, risk.
I am to charge yoa in her Majesty's name,
As you will answer it at youg apiieril,
B. JoNsoN'lS TALX OF A Tvinq
APPETJI (L. appeto), to seek after, to wish to obtain; hence appetite', the sense in which this word
was formerly used, s derived.
As matire esppetetls form alwale,,
And from forme to forme It passen awale.
CHAucER's LEGEND) OF GOOD WomEN.
AP P LE 31614N, aft a~ple      hieb. will koep A    bng time,,
butp~ec~ssari ly' bedotses withered aId shrivelled;
it is ealled deux an* by the Frea~ch.
The prince once set a dish of Apple Johns before Wi~m, and tolc4
him there were live more sir Johns.
2 PAsT? K. HxN. iv.
1 4m withered like an oit AppieJohi..




ETYMO GICAL DICTIONARY.


47


APPLE SQUIRE, a cant name for a pimp, or the male
servant of a prostitute or procuress.
After him followed two pert Apple Squires.
QUiP FOR AN UPSTART COURTIER.
Of pages, some be court pages, others ordinary gallants, and
the third Apple Squires, basket bearers, &c.
0. P. WHAT YOU WILL.
Well, I may hope for a 'squire's place; my father was a costermonger.
0. P. THu CITY NIoHT CAP.
Nares thinks that the costermongers or dealers in
apples were formerly assistants in intrigues, and
therefore the term was derived.
APPOSAYLE, a question or enquiry.
When he went out his enemies to assayle,
Made unto her this uncouth apposayle,
Why wepe ye so?
LYDGATE'S FALL OF PRINCES.
APPOSE (L. apponere), to dispute with, puzzle, or
examine; to question.
---  - The childe Jesus was found in the temple, syttyng
and apposing doctours.
TRBVISA.
Doing somewhat which they are not accustomed, to the end
they may be apposed of those things which of themselves they are
desirous to utter.
BAcoN.
APPRENTICE AT LAW, the ancient name given to
barristers at law, from the French apprendre, to
learn; they were also called utter barristers, i. e.
pleaders ouster le bar, to distingdish them          from
benchers or readers, who were sometimes permitted to plead within the bar.
He speaks like Mr. Practice, one that is the child of the profession; he is vowed to a pure apprentice at law.
B. JONSON's MAONzTIC LADY.




48


A GLOSSARIAL AND


APPROOF (S. profian), testimony, proof, trial, approbation.
So his approof lives not in's epitaph
As in your royal speech.
ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL.
----    Sister, prove such a wife
As my thoughts make thee, and as my furthest band
Shall pass on thy approof.
ANTI. AND CLEOPATRA.
APPROPINQUE (L. appropinquo), drawing nigh to,
near approach.
The clotted blood within my hose,
Which from my wounded body fows,
With mortal crisis doth portend
My days to appropinTue an end.
HUDIBRAS,
APPROPRE (F. approprier), peculiar, proper, suitable.
Whereof touching this partie,
Is rhetoric the science
Appropred to the reverence
Of words that ben reasonable?
Gowl's CON. AM.
AQUA VITA      was formerly a name given to any ardent
spirit, but now denoting brandy.
How often have I rinc'd your lungs with aqua vita.
0. P. THi  HONEST WHORE.
AQUELLE (S. acwUl-ian), to quell or kill.
Sixteen hundred be aquelle,
Save thirty Sarazynes the kybg let dwell.
RoM. or RICAARD C(EUR DE LION.
AQuoY, to look askew or aside affectedly.
With that she knit her brows,
And looking all aquoy,
Quoth she what should I have to do
With any 'prentice boy?
OLD BALLAD OF GEORIO  BARNWELL.
ARAIED, rayed, marked with stripes as with a whip.
See how they bleed! are they not wel araied?
CHAUCcR'S KNIGHT'S TALE.




ETVMOLOGWVAL DICTOKARY.


41)


Sir knight, aread who hath you thus araied.
SpuNsER's F. QuEEN.
ARAISE '(S. at'esian)., to raise.
Whose powerful touch
Is powerful to arupse Wapg Pepmn.
ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL.
ARAPE' (L. rezptim), quickly.,
And that, he of him to Danie spak,,
Over the'table hie leop Grape.
Rtom. or K. ALISAUNDRE.
AR&TED, rated, scolded.
He shall be arated out of his studying,
if that I may, by Jesus, Haven Kynge.
CssAUCsm'S MMLLER'8.TALE,.
ARAUGHT., taken away, seized by violence.
In that forest woned an herde,
That of bastes loked an sterdo
0. best him was araug1it.
Roms. OF THE SEVEN SAGER..
His ambitious sons unto them twayne
Arraug1ht the rule.
ARBLASTERE., a cross bow man, from the barbarous
Latin arcu baliala, one who throws or casts from
a bow'.
Asi arbiastere. a'quarelle let'he flie,
And smote him in the shanke.
P. LANOTOFT'.S caaioM.
And In the kernels,, here and there,.
Of arbt'zsterea grate plenty were.
Cxs5vcxj&1s Rom. OF THE RpsE..
ARCHIE or ARcHY. This man's name frequently
occurs in    old *authors; he was the fool or court
jester of 4am 'es 1i and. his real name,was, Archibald.
Armstron~g: be seems to have possessed. -all the
properties -then considerbd re*qui1Sitd to form the
character, viz, great sbrewdness, practical wit, and
a proportionate sihare of impudence.
F




Although the C14moiws N *IppAsus were such
As whok silt 4rchl, or Garret dotli provoke them.
USuilor Viu~rrss lasms.
A cabal,
Found ouit but lately, and set out by Archie
Or some Such h"46,
B. JONsoN"S' STAPLE OF Nsws.
ARCTOPHYLAX, the 'Star' called Bootes, situated
amongst the constellations near Ursa Major.
Areotqpagbn in northern sphere,
Was his undoubted ancegtor.
AREAD     (S. arvedan), to guess, to declare, to counsc I
or explain.
MeI eMt too uieaue the sAcre4 muse asevk
To blazon broad.
SPENssn's F. QUEEN.
For warlike enterprize and seje areads.
WRsT's EDUCATION.
ARECHE (S. arecan), to obtain, to reach, to get.
Manye under hys hand ther deyde,
All that his ax creche mnyght.
Roms. or 14CR. C'zvR nu Lrox.,
For oft shall a woman have
Thy"wbich a man may imot crs'ehe.
Gowza's Cox. Ax.
AREItE    (S   arceran), tos        piht, to raise, exalt,
or erect.
The day Is miti, and draweth lqnV,,
The lark arereth her songe.. I         TALE 0F MERLLIN.
AftisiuiD, raised, heaved up.
fte ftesehe in the.tie he unit,
The tre.resed as It wol fall.
]ROM. 0?P TRE SAYRN SAGESR.
AwasoNq (F. erraisonner),' to          speak, address, -or
As the hkya  *ItLybý 7W   d w~*
He mette with tw" old cheorles,
1*te atvvhe    v   htmge,
ThXuA areseqed heom the kynteý.
Atos. or It. ALugAUNDEE.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICflONARY,


51


ARETTE (F. arr4ter'), to attribute) atecoufit, or deft
remes
But first I praye you of your courtesle,
Thst Ye ne Wfette it UoUtht knY VihlM1.
CEAU~tSt'S Pho. To PAnaoieck's TALE.
The charge which God doth unto me arette
Of hit dtae tadttyj I to thee comMekide.
SpaSSNAz' F. QuEENl.
ARGENT (L. argentum), silver; having' a white or
silvery appearance. It is sometimes used to denote
money in general...-- lnaldo ifings,
As swift as fiery lightening kiadled kie*1,
His argeat eagle.?AMIPA*.
Whether they )*V1e arloate tkou~h to laayn~yne thiS guee
wfitha~l ft forceth not much.
A1RGoISt, a werezhant ship of larg* slize, probably
named from Jason's ship. Argo.
He bath an*? aftei bomim to Taipofl.
MuCRANT OP VrNIcs,
That gpoldft ttb~e lot e,.Is scsutier far than goW 1 and one mine Q1 that
More worth than twenty argosies.,.N** WONO~ka, A Wfoxuq
k;XVaaI VXXT.
ARIGHT', j~ust, without error or crime.
Thou wolde be taught ardgot
Whit n~lathftefbWktyiug 4ovtth
Gownia's CoN, Ax,
A1ImQAUNT, lean or thin.
ft he t6044K
And soberly did mount an armginit steed.
ANeTN. AND CZ26VATRAmA
This word is introduced with the quotation from
the folvio edittoht of Shakapeare, but without coin-f
pioing jig opiulion With the commentators on that




2: -  AGOLOSSARIAL AND
pessageas toits meaning, though archdeacon Nares
and Mr. Boucher seem to think that armgaunt
denotes leanness, -  i that the hiorse mounted by
Anthony was a lean jade. Mr. Mason appears to
have suggested a very proper emendation, by
supposing thi word to be a misprint for termagaunt,
i.e. of a fiery nature; for although this word is in
modern times solely applied to a female of a violent temper and disposition, it had in the time of
Shakspeare a more extensive meaning, and was
not exclusively appropriated to the female sex.
The fiery Douglas, in K. Hen. IV. being stiled a
*ermagant Scot. In addition to the rational con-. Jecture of. Mason, it may be observed, that the
word armgaunt occurs in no other author, and
may, therefore, reasonably be concluded to be an
error of the press, abundance of which are to be
found in the early editions of Gower, Chaucer,,and $bakspeare. Neither does the similitude help
the interpretation; the arm is not necessarily lean,
nor is there any the most remote resemblance hetween its shape or 'Agire 'ud that of a worn out
borse.
ARMIPOTENT (L.,latMpoten8), powerful in arms,
mi~~ in War.
And downyward under a hill under a bent.
'A ue st60d ih&    vfplbk s  "afrpdie t.
Cauvcsms KPpz's T&LU.
te manifold linguist and the armipotent soldier.
AtLL'b Watt.'rmAt EUMf WaXLL




3TVOrMLOGrVAL DITfO!IA.RY.  5


5.3


AitMLE T (earft and Weftt), aun ottrathent ot btfitelet
for the armn.
Ana *Ive At s kh  #'hd %ebtrIMdui 86th Wett kind,
Doth search what ring ad wuIet she can flnd.
Aits~tNG (F. 0s-ne), ctushihig.
Stedes lepMn sand eke mujmg.
Rom. or K. Atx$AIRUDP*
AROINT, begone, away with thee,, avaunt.    this
word does not occur in any aincient author except
Shakspeare, and though the commentators agtee
as to -its meaning, they differ as to its etymology.
It seems to be applied a's an imiterjection to a witch
to vanish or begone. Dr. Johnson is of opinion
that the word may be derived from avaunt, and
that from the French avanta, equivalent to proceed,,
begone. Mr. Boucher thinks it has some con~nexion with the word rogne, the French word for
the scurvy or leprosy, and applied as a term of
reproach, as we still say a scurvy fellow. Amongst
these conjectures, for they are nothing morei, per*haps one move supposition may be added; may it
not be derived from, a rouste, a word made use of
by the French to urge their horses to go quickly,
*vhichp by it fYaH variation, thigMi be eotrtxpted to
aroint? It 'is well knd~n that beo *ordS are so
long retaitied in, Any 10tuge& vA interjectional
Phrases txAed by the vulgar, and the origin of the
language used to hbrset, to ericreode their speed or




A GLOSSARIAL AND:aystheir -4etin     ispihaps lost in obscurityp;
but it is remarkable that some of those wirds are
used in. France aiiii, Sagl#nd-at This day to denote
the sa=6 thing. 'Whether- this:.wiord, imported by
the Normans, was -subse *-ently applied in the
manner above conjectured, must -beleft to further.investigation; 'but theb ýgpp'osition.is somewhat
confirmed by the,word areawt being still used in
Lancas~lre to, signify "away, with thee," and'it is
pronounced exactly similar to a route.
Ryst thee, witch!1 quoth Be ISs Locket to, her mother.
-C)I9SI#IRE PROVB91M..Arpsnt thee,, wlIth the, r~ump fed ropyo~i crjed.
MACBETff.
a~tM  t larg e, rONbably ha'ving  00oii ~n6fin'ed.
It&he dod ashe werewoMPd
4ronme he hovyd and withstopde.
Rosi. ýOi~ kciCH. dltEUA DE tIONV.
TheAio aat Sygh tbkq,ý
Arossm anon he draw 1-wis.
Ihat 1, roum was in the field.
CRAUCIR'S HOUJSE OF FAMEC.
AO,in a roW, in successiveodr
His herte bathea iii a bathe of bl'isse,
A -thosomn4 timeo earoto he. gn her, kiss.,
CsuvCZa'5 W;FX OF'BATH.
The days erow to pAss tie 6OIgts'et.'
MzaaI. JOJI-MAB.
AR4ANDn ($.c~remdian)p,to bear a message,, to carry
tidiigs;, now ~written errand.:
Remembering him his arrand was-to done,
~aTtolilus ussd ekt4 his gtete 4Aiiprile.
t, CgAUqJ9R'X T1901 A.ND CiSSs.
ARRA8S (F. arra.), fine rich aiqd ejrio us.tap ~try,




ETYMOLOGIcAL D ICTIOIARY.


55


used anciently in hanging rooms of state, generally
wrought with., historical scenes and'igures. It
was made.at Arras, a town in!,Artois, and from
hence derived its name. The old castles in England were in the interior only naked walls, and
were covered with arras, hung upon tenter hools,
which hangings were tAeh down upon every removal of the family. The Duchess of Gloucester,
in Shaks'8re's K. Richard lI. alluqes to this
custom.
witt all good speed at Plashy visit me;
Alack I and what shall good old York see there
But empty lodgings and unfurnish'd walls?
The contact of the tapestry vith the wall soon
caused it to, rot, which gave rise to the invention
of a frame wvork, to which the hanging* were
attached, and which left a considerable space between the wall and the frame; sufficient, ad appears
by the first part of K. Hea. IV. t6 hide the bulky
Falstaff from the view of the Sheriff.
Go hide thee behiud the prrqs.
1 PART K. HEN, IV.
I willencsedee me behidd thu,6 aas.
Maxýra WIv*S or WINDSOR.
Polonius, in 1am let, was killed vyhbilthid behind
the arras. From the above quotations it iappqars
that the ctgtom of hanging rooms with arras, or
something in imitaipn of it, waq not confiped to
the dwellings of the rich,;bt Oescend by the
usual march of refinement to the boysas of the
common people.




56


56        A` G0Lft#k*AL M?(D


I WOWIG Yt skit hw MOW~ab bt been behihd the rrae but
to have hesr4ber.
0. P. TUa *t'S**'s ThA*N.
Anntu, a tams iadloatiag~tbe sanaling of a dog.
Tht eae abebu %A  nigh agist the MOoW.
0. P. Svaummss's LAsT WILL, &C.
ARmRZOT (L. arreetum), to lift up, to set up,, to
elevate; now written erect.
Alyrecd~g.e my sight towards 4ea zodike,
The signes b ftwelv 40 behow thiI*.
SUBs6vOtW's Posna.
ARRID.E (L. a'rrideo), to please.
-        ~Her form =&anses my affection ft sWoides me
ezcedhz~~y.0. P. Tli MRTxQUARY.
Aasi~t,-Vxast,9 to shrink, to go backward, to fliihch;
to turn upside down or bottom upwards. This
aim*pl phrase, has. caused more learning' to be
-thrown a*ay upon it than it appears to be worth;
it has by some been supposed to-be literally derived
frobi the tld Tusetan. lawtguage in uise arnobg the
Romans, belig' a foritula affixed on doors to pr'event fires, ".insedibat buiqusis in ostio araee-verae,"
from arceo,, to avert, and teree, which imported
fite; batt Me'. Boftber very properly observes that*
theft is no otbher 40onfbexio'1 bet*#en the phrases
thans the sixllking ~bi~ataity of the words,, and suggests that f~t maty be the Ftench p~hrase *ditvr
of4 Oeýeef*, litelfaliy givei fit. hbbnetlr Etigfish.
tbr. Jat**9616 dM*r'& It frolf0 ti tiO60v&.e, and in
this sebse ft utle? uses the *OW~; but M&iy it not be
a burlesque corruption of vice ver*#z, Used accord



ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


57


ing to its vulgrar acceptation, to-go the contrary
way, or backward instead of forward?             This supposition is confirmed by te qnot tion from           fludibra8, and no man, knew Ibetter than             Butler the
meaning and application of the popular phraseology
of his time.
Stand to'9t (quoth s~he) or yield to inercy,
It is not fighting arsie versie
Shall serve thy turwo
VItDSsnAs..
AUsoIIN (F. argon), a saddle; but more properly
the bow or the saddle,
Launfol, lepte Into the steveN,
And rode home to Karlyon.
Between the saddle and the aroouti,
The Wtoke of the felon goode adoun.
0. P. Guy oF WARWICK.
ARTED, urged, driven, compelled, constrained,
Love arted me to do my observauces
To his estate and don him Obeisance.
CHAUCeR'S COURT OF Lovu,
Record I taike of worthy Tlleus,
What arted hisa honde through truth's excellence.
LYrDoATS's lusT. or Taxass;.
AR-TIQULATED. (L. artictulu8), setforth or exhibited
-in-article'sin the form of an aceusati~on.
And Mlexalidre, let us honour thee
With public notice of thy loyalty,
Tro end those things artiettdeted h ere..0. P."ThtJ SrANV~ss TRtAGUDY).
These things, indeed, you have ar'ticulated,
Protilaim'd at market crosses, read in churches,
To face the garment of tebelilon,
1PART HuN. IV'.
ARUISPIcY     (L. dft' spiocium)', to, see or regard        the
foretelling.,, events, by    inspecting. the    entrails of
animals,




so             A CoLOSSAIAftI   AND


A &M mtre seuseless thm tihe rotnery
Of old narepk7 and augury.
AsBRATE, buying or purchasing.
Aigate be waited hini so in lila asbate,
Tht Ixe was are before in good estate.
CRIAUVUR'f PRO. TO MANICIPLN's TAtz.
AamitzuE, aside.
Ever after the dogges were so starke,
They s"oa awhiwe when they shulde barke.
HUNTYNO 01 THE)1*ARLZ
AssExEn (S. aeearian), dried, shrivelled up.
Therefor that old tre lea his pride,
And asereef be that Q side.
ROM. OF THS SZVXN SAasS.
ASINiGo, a fool or ideot; a car~t term.
In the interim they appaeled me us you' Iee, madle a fool or
SA Awlig. of mns.                     0. P. Tuxe ANTIQUARY.
Thou best no more brains than hisve 1p Zine elbow; 1an
eeafrgo may tutof thee.
Tao: AND CaXSSewA.
Asicor, in scoff, in derision. Webet thinks askew is
derived froml this. word, bpt witbout reason.
As if he get dotglt athereo
US1 or. AL1*AUN~D253.
ABLAICID (S. afaoia4),. abated, mitfigated, quenched.
W    '* yuhave hU lote, e!ther by absW~p  rsdfes sh~d
0. P. -EUDYIvxox.
p11 t the Wat 4814ked WU* his Mftd.
CHAVOSAb'. Kmewr's TALE.
ABPRna4N      (F. auper~ant), bold, proud, haughty.
A"-Mhve hcofes avenant,
To lom vWmiwethe sd oapersust.
Rox. ey K1. ALI5AUNDRS.
AswaR    (L   aeper), rough.
I trow I wia from heaven teame rain,
18 pite 9f my ajpe ma d ane Pon..
CNATFcXa's TRoX AND CaaSS.,
God ye"e* pfit1 i6 @We ofts got#$16 odmtthe, aMI to
00rewc evil and e're things.
CH9AUCER'S $08t%.




ZiTYMQLOGIC4L. DICTIONARY.


59


ASSECURY, (L. eecvrua), to, give assurance of, to
make certain.
Think you that any mneans under the sun -can ansecure so
indirect a course?
PDANRSL'S CIVIL. W*X.
AissiEGEi (F. assieger), to besiege, to beset with an
armed force.
Swiche woufring was ther on this hors of brass,
That sin the grete eanege of Troy was.
CKAUCXa's Sguxus's TALR~i
On the other aide the assieged castles' ward
Their stedfaste anus did mlghtilye xnaistain.
Sipesa'sXR  F. Qulv.
AS~oIGNE (F. e~sonie), arn excuse; to prevent 'or
hinder. See " Essoigne."
Tho should no weather me amaine,
That I ne shall her seek at Btbiloine.
FLoRICE AND B3LANCUIFLOURN.;
AsSOIL (L. absolvere), to acquit, free from charge
or prosecution, to absolve from- crime, to cleanse;
in this latter sense it is still in use in several Eng.r
Jish counties; as, to "1 syle milk,"- is to cleanse it
from impurities.
I shall qasoil myself for a some of whets.
P. PLOWMAN's VISION.For cursing will abea right as ae*oiWsgwMl save.
CRUAUcER'S PRO. TO SomPNoux's TALK.:
j~it seeletly eaaeoling of her son.
MIRA. FOR MAQ.
0 this fantastic sense of honour? I1
At my own tribunal staiid asoii'd.
0. P. Taie AbvxENTURKs OF FivI HOURS.
Assoi.tf (F. *emoriir), to class tog-ether, to suit or
match.
Set down you herelby one wevt,
And better mtirth never ye selgk..
SIR FzzumulAS.




6D


A GLOSSARAL AND


As8orT      (F. aseoter), to besot, to make a fool Of.
Not well awake, or that some extacy
4ssotted had his sense, or dazed was his eye.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
ASTATE      (F. Htat), condition in life, fortune, rank,
iOcrqftlity.
The worlde stante ever upon debate,
So may we siker none astate.
Pao. TO Gowza's Cow. AM.
When he saw him so pitous and so thate
That whiloni were of so great astate.
CHAUCER's KwIoIIT's TALE.
ASTEEPING       (S..teap), imbuing, soaking, drenchIng.,
* Were Perah's flow'rA
Perfume proud Babel's bowers
And paint her wall,
There we laid asteeping
Our eyes in endless weeping.
FLETCHER'S POEMS.
ASTERTE      (S. tyran), to startle or alarm.
Who saved Daniel in that horrible cave,
Ther every wight werhe malstre or knave,
Was with the hlione frette or he asterte.
CHAUCER'S MAN oF LAWES TALE.
ASTEYNTE (0. F. alttainte), atMainted, charged with
crime.
For thyni harm thou art hider y-come I
He! fyle asteynte heresone!
To misdo was aye thy wone.
Ros. or K. ALISAUNDRE.
ASTONE      (S. stunian), to amaze, to strike with wonder, to confound, to astonish.
Buth nathless how that it wende,
He drad hym of his own sonne,
That maketh hym well the more astone.
GOWER'S CON. A-.
-   Adam, soon as he heard
The fataltrespass done by Eve, amaz'd,
Astonied stood and blank.
PAR. LosT.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


61


Philanthus, aetonied at this speech, &c.
EuuPIuzB AND 1555 ~NoL~y.&N
Astound is used in the same sense.
Their horses backee brake under them,
The knights were both astound.
Sin LANCECLOT iDu LAzz.
A8STORE, tog-ether, in a heap, plentiful.
Twelve thousand he had to-forb
Gode knightes and doughty astore.
Rem. or? K.- ALISAUNDRE.
ASTROLABE (F. aetrolctbe), an instruiment used to
take the altitude of the heavenly bodies at sea.
He'd take the astrolabe and seek out here
What new star 'twas did gild our hemisphere.
DRYDaN ON TilE DSATH oF LORD HTA$TING6.
ASWELTE., extinguished, put out.
That the snow for the fuyr no melte,,
No the fuyr for the snow asualte.
Rorsi. or K. ALISAUNDRR.
ASWITHE, forthwith, presently, by and bye.
Without gilt thou shalt hym slayne agait he.
C&AucERt's MANs OF LAwns TALE.
ASYSE (F. a~sst), situation., rank, or degree in. life;
in this sense the word is still in use in assize of
bread, &c. which is a regulation of the price a~ccording to its relative value.
And after mete the lordys wise,
Everyche yn dyvers quentyse,
To claunee went by ryght assize.Ro.OOC.IP
ATIENtE, (F. 'atincler), to give a colouring to, to
tint.
Old menne ben felle and queinte,
And wikked wrenches cosine atteeistc.
Rom. OF THUE SESVEN SAGEV.
G




62,,.LOCSSARIA.L A)D


ATILT, in a posture to make ýa thrust with a raised
weapon; lifted up to attack.
To run a-tilt at men,, and wield
fther, Mked tools in open field.
IIUDIBRAS.
Ar~tjkt (F.),'ab''out, around.
a     hen n~~so fisire atoure,
No LAidsuch a. savor.
Rom. oir K. ALISAUNDRE.
ATRAID,, vexed, mnade angry.
For s*6 felied both elbth and cop,.
Nathiesse thai Were gadered up,
SwIth, sore solie hyin atrasice.
Roms. OF THE SEVEN SAGES.
ATRYS (F. atour), a hood.
Folding ourlays, pearlin.g sprigs
Atry; vardigales5, periwigs.
WATSON'S lusT. COLLECTIONS8.
ATTEMPERANCE, temper, disposition.
Lowly she is, discreete and wise,
And' Coosy gladde by attemeraszce.
LY.DGATE'S FLOUREC OF COURTESY.
ATTONCI, 'at once, imnmediately, directly.
And~hls fresh blood did freeze ~vith fearfed cold,
That all his $enses seesn'd bereft ettonce.
ATTOR  (~. yi~favi). t6 turn over or transfer any
-business to another'. 'Th'e Modern word attor*ney
is derived frofinit.
Altarnied to your service.
MiCAsuRE FOR MXASURE1.
ATTOUR      (F. autour), over, around.
ASIfftr VA1 bolt blinVat iokeislay
Feltred, unfatre, ove'filet, &c.
CEAucER's TEST. OF CR-E"sEIDE.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIDQNARY.   6


63


ATTU.APT (low- Lat. trappatura.), adorned, epbtlelished.
For al his armour was like salvage weed
With woody mosse bedight, and all his steed
With oaken leaves atirapt.
SPENSER's F. QUuiEN.
ATWAINE (S. twain), in two, divided in two parts.
And with that word he gan sigh as sore,
Like as his hart would rive atwaisse.
CisAucIR'S COMPLAINT OF T4lE BL4CX KNIGHnT.
ATWEEN (S. betweonan), between, in the interm-ediate space.
Her loose long yellow locks, like golden wire,
Sprinkled with purl and purling Ilow'rs etwecss.
N5uusNa't F. QueEN.
ATWuGTand ATWHIT, to upbraid or reproach. To
twit is still in use, and of simil-ar import.
knd set his wif forth fot-boto,
Ajid his miseftds her atwhat.
Roms. OF THE SEVEN- SAGNS.
AUF, a foolish person, a dolt., an id'eot; ýa changeliug derived from     ouphe, ý.a fairy or goblin, now
generally pironounce4 oaf.
Somp silly doting bralnle~ss calf#
That uindekstands things by tht half,
Say,s"t the faixy loftth~e atf
And took away the other.
Au. SmTONES8, a corruption. of algoria~m,. anAm
bic word, signifying th* art of numeratiag. Pebbles
and willed sixpenoes kwere formetly used iJn;Emg-.
land as counters to reckon, by.       The 'Greeks, &Ad
Aownmns in the earliept, periods used f tonetj ad




I   AGLOSSARIAL AND


afterwards i irory -or bone, 'for the purpose of teaching arithmetic.
First by seconds, terees and eke quarters.On augrim stones and on white cartes.
LYDOATS'S luST. THZBEzs.
AULD FAlIRAN, a word chiefly in use wi'th Scottish
authors, and having various meanings; as, comely,
beseeming, hopeful, handsome; also, cunning or
sagacious, and, occasionally, old fashioned.
These people, right auldfarran, will be laith
To t~hwart a nation.
RAMSAY'S POEM@.
What sules our Tib that she onles see 1'th'neukte?
She's net reat&she leaukes en awdfarrax leauke.
Yoaxsusna P)SAL0ooc:
Let matrons roinnd the Ingle meete,
And Join for whisk their mou's to weet,
An' in at droll auldfarian leet.
B0.1T P.&xazts' c&&cx.. MoiRRison's Povus.
AuMEREK (F. aum-oniere), a purse.
Weare streight gloves with aum ere
Of silk and aiway with good chere.
CifAucla's Romw. OF TJIB RosIR.
AUNCET, an ancient term to denote a particular
weight, but of what denomination i's uncertain;
perhaps it may have relation         to the Latin uncia,
-.and be derived from that word, or, it may be a
nuspelliag'for auncel weight quami hahdsiale, a sort
of weigrbt with hooks, fastened to the end'.of a
beamn, wvhich was. lifted up by the fore finger of'
the hand, -perhaps somewhat like the modern steal-a




ETYMOLOGICAL I-DICTWVDARY.


6 5


yard. From the deception pra~ctised 'by this machine it was prohibited. by several statutes and the
even balance required to be substituted.
my wife was ý% webster, and wol~em eloth maide,
She spak to spinsters'to spin it out,
And the pound thet she paid b.y, pabOs a qqVWt or FOOM,
Than mine own esssset.
P. PtoWMAN's Via.
AUNT, a cant term for a bawd or procuress.
was it not,' thenr,' better bestowe~d 1upon hu1ssn61-9 tiknLApiti
one of his suvftA IaMd apt auy bo~f.for w~er4u knju yia
aunt stands for.
o. P. A TRICK TO CATCH tgp OLPD QXE.
To call you- one of mine aunts, sister, were as go~od as to call
you errant whore.
0.,P. Tu*NOSUSsT WHORE.
AUNTRE, rislk, adv", tAure; it Js a coxruption of the
JW~ter word.
I will ariseand eusstre it, by my fay t
Unhardy is unsely,, as manna say.
CliAUCl~m's Raysl's TALE.
nas can I nought myself cgunsaile,
But all I'sel on essnt~e.
PowsJI'p CON. Mas.
AUREAT      (L. aur-um),, hav-ing the colour or quality
o  d.And aum 4depate infrekis rede qulyte,,
'Sum b~rclatag gold with usrpxgte Jlev~is lyte.'
DOUGLAS'S ENBID.
AutebIri (L.- aztpevm), literally           the t~ai'urable
oenxs *a~nl from- watching ihe OigitO -fbir4s;
to foretell good f&rtane; prtotetiOn.
Nime df their kindred met the knot they tie
Silent; content With Briton's auspicy.
AUSTERN     (L. au-sterus), stern, severe.
G 3




6C


A GLOSSARIAL AND


And who is beyond thou, ladye faire,
That looketh with sic an austerne face?
0. B. NORTHUMBERLAND BBTRATED
BY DOUGLAS,
But as a boistous chorle in his manete
Came crabbedly with austerne loke and chere.. CHAUCER'S TROI AND CRESS.
AVA, at all, corrupted from of all.
She neather kent spinning nor carding,
Nor brewing nor baking ava.
Ross's HELENORE.
AVALE (F. s'avaler), to lower, fall down, sink or
descend; also, to make obeisance by uncovering
the head.
The miller that for dronken was all pale,
So that unnethe upon his horse he satte,
lNe aold availen neither hoode ne hat.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
--...-.But when they came in sight,
And from their sweaty coursers did aeate.
SPzNSzER' F. QUvNN.
Then from her wheele fortune cast him down,
Availed him from his royal see.
BOCHAS.
AVAUNT      (F. avant), a word of abhorrence used to
drive away any person, and signifying begone.
Avaunt! nd quit my sight;
Thy bones are marrowless.
HAMLET.
0 he is bold and blushes not at death
Avaunt? thou hateful villain, get thee gone!
K. JoaN.
To avaunt is also used to signify to boast, literally
from the French avant, to advance or go forward.
This proverb lerme of me,
Avawunt never of thy degree.
ANTmg. RNPURTORY.
AVENANT (F. avenant), comely, graceful, beautiful,
agreeable.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY&


Clere brown she was,, and thereto bright,.
Of face and body avenant.
CHAUCER's Rosm. OF. Til Resit.
Harald was curteys and stronge, and of body avenant..P. LANGTOFT'S CzsaOw.
AVENTAILE. See ",1Adventaile."
AVERiIUNCATE (L. averrunco)., to scrape, cut off,
or iop the superfluous branches of trees; figuratively, to avert an evil.
Unless by providential wit
Or force we averruncate it.
AVETROL (F. avoiotre), an -illegitimate child or
bastard.
Thou avetrole! thou foule wreche!I
Here thou hast thyn endyng feclked.
Roms. ov K. ALISAUNDIES.
AVEYISE (F av~s'e), careful, wary.
Also the kyng and his meignd
Gladdest were and ave~yse.
aa
AviS E (F. aviser), to advise, inform, or instruct;
also, to consider.
Of warre and of bataile he was full anise.
P. LANGTOFT'S CNRaon.
Who, whent he caus'd her since to be baptiz~ld
Stood sponsor too,, hath well her weal aviaed.
WAY's FADLIAux, AuCASSIN AND NIC.OLEIra~.
They stayd not to avise whofikst should be,
But all spurr'd after fast.
Swawamn's F. Quirau.
AVISEMIENT. See "~ Advisement."
AviSIoN     (    V~ miej), the faculty of seeing      a vision
or phntom.The king of his aviuions
Hath greater imagination
What thing it signiie mayT. Gos~sCx Am.




68


68       ~1LOMBARIAL AND


AVOID (F. uider), to qtiit orlei Ve'; beoe
Whsat have you to-do here, fellow? pray avoid the house.
CDRZOLAN114.
AvOIR (F. awoir), possession, wealth.
A burgeiafsk1 BSore tonn,
A riche 'mavs of great renoun;
I1rrchtnt-Ae "'"'of great &vv6,'.
'ROIL. OF THE SAVI&N SAGICS.
Avowig or ADVOWt (L. a.~vcatus), a founder,
patron, or protector of & church or convent, who
was boiaa4 ex officio to maintain and defend the
r.ights aaj pri~vileges of hisp~hurpb or eozavent, as
well as to nominate and present to it; býut these
persons beco'ming' negligent ýand igniorant of their
duties, a~dvocates were employed to solicit and
prosecute causes-in courts. of jt tic., whbemein the
riglhts and inte'rests -of suth religgious fraternities
were involved.       Advowson is derived from        this
-   ~li.
Where is your abbaye when you are at hogie?
And who is your avoWs.
A LTrEL (jismrr OF ROBYN HODE.
A wAIW ARA) (.aW..M-weqrd~, aside -or jowyay.
ik5ft tbou~1t tits w.Md hiftiwast a two.
%JA Mca.s -N"JPLE'S TALE.
A. WAY., VL WQrd to express disflike or' -aversion, in frequent use with- tkh a,ly. vttes           a
Iluice, Judas, with Uhese doiages I cannotua e,
Good i'faith I will eat heartily too, because Lwdll -be norJew;
I never away, with that s6W eked gen&Atate.
Z4 JAIMMW'S iARTEOLomsw FAIR.
Of Ql the nympbsv~f' %t mut I easuhot away, with her.
B. JONSON'S CYNTJIIA's RzVXLS.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*


69


AwIIAPE (S. wafian), to terrify, astonish, or con..
found.
Sole by himself, awkaped and amate.
SrASIMu's M. HuZZARD's TA~ra.
AwH1T (S. hWit), a jot, a point.
These far exceed the haggard bawke,
That stoppeth to no stale;
Nor forceth on the line awhit,
lBut mounts with ev'ry gale.
TOuKritTILE
Ax (S. aiscian), to ask. This word, though now
considered as vulgar and ungrammatical, was in
use centuries before the modern word ask, to sig.o
nify the same thing; in truth, the latter word is
corrupted from the Saxon,
But whan thou wort gone, I fell to Wyne by and bye,
And the displeasydk Good Lord! I aw. the meroye.
GOD'S Paossu1818 DY JOuA B~ALI,
A poor lazars. upon a tide,
Came to the gate, and axci meats.
Gowzias Cox. Ams.
Axe not why,, for tho thou axe me,
I wol not tellen God's privitle.
CHAucER's MztzxR's UtzL.
AxEs, the disease called now the ague; the term 'is
still in use in various parts of England an~d Scot-.
land.
The body eke so feeble and so faint,
With hote and cold mine ares Is so maint.
CHAJ1C5R's COMP. Or THE9 BzAcx Kxssqisy.
It happeth often so,
That one that of axes doeth full ill fare,
By good counsel ican keep his frend therfro'.
CHAUCER's TRoI ANJD CuEM.
AYE (S.), for ever, always.
Alas, ray neele, we shall, never mete! &due, adue for aye I
0. P. GAMMZR QUaToss's NAIDIRt




70        *A, GLOSSARIALAND

And now in dark.0omv-dangeont, wretchied thrall,
Remedyless for aye he doth hym holde.
SPENSER'S F. QVICIRM.
And set for aye enthrovvned In heaven.
MAILLow's K. IEDW. 11.
AYENST, against, opposed to.
This ilka. worthy knight had been also
Sometime with the lord of Palathy
Ayenst another heathen.
Cn~vcua's KNIGHT's TALEC.
To yeve in hope there fruite shall take,,.4yenat autumn redy for to shake.
CHAIJCER'S CoMr. OF THA, BACE 'KNIGHT.
AYONT, beyond* To explain this word with reference to the quotation, it is necessary to observe,
that In ancient times fires were made* in the middle of a room, with a 'hole' above to' let out the
smoke,;' *Itting, tbherefore, ayp.nt, or beyond         the
fire (i. e. -between the mo~ve~able. grate and the
wall), is readily understood.
The' nl'ght was colde, the carie was wat,
And dowun asyen the itugle he sat.
0. B. Twos GARU1RLUNZIE9 M~AN.
AZURE     (F, azur), a brilliapt precious stonq, of A
sky   blue   colourý    also, a   general term      fo~the
colour of the sky.
Day bath his gjouds asu, liar anoo the night,
Hor "a'4 and waa0uwing auuv the aezsw height.
YAIRgAX's TUsso.




ETYMOLOGICAL aIVYLONAILYO     7


71


B.
BABEL PRIDE, a pride similar to the folly and presumption of the children of Nimrod.
Beware, Piero, Rome itself hath tried,
Confusion's train blows up this Babel pride.
0. P. ANTONIO AND MELLIDA.
Why, what a Babel arrogance is this?
0. P. WHAT YoU WILL.
BACE, more generally written base, and sometimes
called prisoners' base or bars, an ancient pastime,
mentioned in the parliamentary records of Edw. III.
where it is prohibited to be played in the avenues
of the palace at Westminster, during the sitting of
Parliament, ") ul enfaun t ne autres nejue a barres."
It was, however, chiefly a boy's game, and is still
known and played in various parts of the country,
and so late as 1770, a grand match at base was
played in the fields behind Montague House, now
the British Museum. The success of the competitors in this amusement depends upon their celerity
in running.
So ran they all as they had been at bace,
They being chased that did others chace.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
He with two stripling lads more like to run
The country base, than to commit suchl slaughter.
CYMBELINE.
BAC4HELOR (F. bas chevalier). The poorer knights
in the days of chivalry were denominated bache



7 2


A GLOSSARfAL AND


lors, but some were so called by virtue of the
tenure of their lands, and were when knighted
called knights bachelors.
"What gentle bachelor is he,
Sword begirt in fighting field.
WAY's FABLIAVX, THa GENTLE BACHELOR.
BACKARE, a word of which neither the etymology
or meaning is now understood, but it is supposed
to imply "go back," and probably is a corruption
of " back there."   The old proverb seems to justify this supposition.
" Backare!" quoth Mortimer to his sow.
Went that sow back at his bidding, trow youj
HEYWOOD's EPIo.
Let us that are poor petitioners speak too:
Baccare! you are marvellous forward.
TAMING OP A SHREW.
BACON, FRIAR, a learned monk of the Franciscan
order, born in 1214, a great experimental philosopher, whose elaborate discoveries were by the
vulgar and unlearned attributed to magic.
Bacon, thou hast honour'd England with thy skill,
And make fair Oxford famous by thine art.
O. P, FRIAR BACON AND FRIAR BUNGAY.
BACRACK, the name of a wine made at Bachiiera,
on the Rhine, and thence called Bacharack.
I'm for no tongues but dried ones, such as will give a fne
relish to my Backarack.
O. P. Tas CITY MATCH.
And made them stoutly overcome
With Bacrack, hoccamore, and mum.
HUDIBRAS.
BADGES. The menial servants and also retainers in
great families anciently wore a badge or device,
~~HI~~CI~~~I~ )~rll~J~~~~ UYIL~ V ~~0  Y




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


73


consisting of the coat of arms or crest of the lord
or master, fixed on a separate piece of cloth, sometimes of silver or other metal, to the left sleeve of
the blue coat, which was uniformly its colour;
hence the proverbial saying, " like a blue coat
without a badge." The custom was discontinued
about the reign of James I. but is yet retained by
watermen, &c.
"A blue coat and a badge does better with you.
O. P. GREENE'S Tu QUOQUE
"A crew of roisters waited on her,
Which there were called her men of honour,
All clad in fair blue coats and badges.
COTToN's VIRGIL TRAVESTIE.
BAFFLE (F. bafouer), to disgrace or treat with indignity; to inflict a punishment on a recreant
knight.
First he his beard did shave, and fowly shent,
Then from him reft his shield and it renverst,
And blotted out his arms with falsehood blent,
And himself bafukl'd and his armes unherst.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
I'll make one; an I do not call be villain and baffle me.
1 PART K. HiEN. Iv.
BAILYE (F. baillie), government, seigniory, authority, rule.
Y thi bytake my bailye,
My folke with hym to coverye.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
BAINE (F. bain), a bath; also, as a verb, baigncr,
to bathe.
-   And bath'd him in the baine
Of his son's blood, before the altar slaine.
MIRR. oaR MAG.
To baine themselves in my distilling blood.
LODGo'S WO6NDS 0o CITVi WAR,
H




74


74- - OLOSSAUXAL AN4D


'B&A-WE I(EA'TS were any kind of meat baked in a
- ciust of pastry, wbitb is now usually called a meat
pie. Ootgrave ren'ders patis~ier a maker of paste
meats, and piafseerse, baked meats.
Thrift, tWMf HomtoI the ftheral atki'd meats
Did coldly furnish out the marriage tables.
IAKLIST.
This Anldes to a custom formerly universilly
observed, and still so by the lower classes in the
country, to furnish a cold collation to the mourners
at a funeral...   You speak as if a tnan
Should know whet fowl Is coffixi'd in a brak'd meet
Afote It Is t~utup.
0. P. ViTToJUA COROUSOV.Ai
B3ALAIS OF ZaNTAYLE, from the old French baU~ay,,
a ruby of a faint red colour, and entaille, carved or
engraven.
'Upon her bed, sette in the fairest wise,
A circle of great balais of eeztaile.
CaAucsa's AssainiasE OF LADIRS9.
BALDE1WAStI, a word of uncertain derivation, but
probably from bald, Sax. bold, and dawh, to mingle; any thing mixed or jumbled together without
discretion, and h ence it is partietularly applied to
frivolous or unconnected discourse, and to the
mixing or adulteration of liquors.
It is against my freehold, my Inheritance,
To drink such balderdash.
B. JONSON.
S'foo0t! wuse slicker, what have'you SP-d us here? balderdashP
0. P, MAY DAY.
RLJLUIuoX. See "B 1awdrick."'




ETYMOLOGICAL DWTLONA-RY.


75


BALEc (S. We), grief, misery, sorrow, trouibltl, calainity, mischief.
And I salle tails that tale asq ferrer go,
Now falsenes brewis bale with him and many mo.
Ron. or GLOUC~RSTER'S CHRON.
Rome and her rats are at the point of battle,
The one side must have bale,
CoasOLANUs.
Withouten that would come a heavier &ile.
BEATTIN'S MUNSTREL.
BALE OF DICE, a pair of false dice.
Sole regent over a bate of false dice.
o. P. WILAT YOU WILL.
F'or exceriae of arms a bale of dice.
B. JoXO~sON' Ncw lImv.
BALK ($. bate), a great beam used in building, a
rafter in a kitchen or out-house; a rack fixed to the
rafter or balk, usually in old farm houses, holds
the flitches of bacon used by the family.
Many a pdece of bacon have I had. out oftheir- balks..
0, F.. qA**Xua AasVaTON'S. N3ED)LEC
He can well In ming eye sene a staikeg
Bitt in his own he cannot sene a balke.'
Q11AUcAR'SMja'sT..
BALLAD-tMONGER, one who. deals in ballad writing;
but Shak~spoare gives it in tbQ sense 4 a, writer or
comnpooer of b~1Jads.
I ba# rather, be a kitten, and. cry mew.,,.
Than one of these same metro ballaif-moigera.
I PART K. H.N,. tv.
BALLADRY, the stile or- manner of ballads.
Wb~at thougb the greedy try
Be taken with false baits
Of worded balladry.
B. J o,-4s o e.
RAxLLARAq,, a.'low      but ludicrous term, in use only.




7G.   A GLOSSARIAL AND
with the vulgar, signifying to bully or scold after
the fashion of Billingsgate.
On Minden's plains, ye meek mounseers,,
Remember Kingsley's grenadiers;
You surely thought to ballarag us
"With your fine squadron off Cape Lagos.
WARTON.
BALLIARDS (F. billard), now called billiards, a well
known game of skill, by which certain coloured
balls are driven by a stick, upon a smooth tables.
covered with green cloth, into net pockets, suspended from the table, at equal distances.
With dice, with cards, with balliards, far undt,
"With shuttlecocks, misseeming manly wit.
SPjasa's MorasH HUBBARD'S TALN,
BALLOON (F. balon), a sport confined to the fields
or other open space of ground.     A large ball,.cased
with leather and filled with air, is impelled by the
hand or foot from    one person to another: it is a
game rather for exercise than contention, and in
this it differs from foot ball. The game is of French
origin, and is still one of the daily amusements in
the Champs Elyseis in Paris; it was well known
and practised in England ir the 14th century under the name of balloon ball, and is mentioned as
one of the sports of Prince Henry, son of James I.
in 1610.
"While others have been at the balloon, I have been at my books,
B. JONSON'S VOLPONE.
Packe fool to French baloone, and there at play,
Consume the progress of the sullen day.
Pita. SATYRES.
Eus. All that is nothing, I can toss him thus.
(uy. I then: 'Us easier sport than the baloone.
0. P. Ts. FouR APPRSNTICES or LONnof".




ETYMOLOG ICAL DICTIONARY.


77


tALOW, an interjectional phrase of the nursery,
synonymous with hush, lullaby, &c.
Baloto, my babe, lie till and sleepe.
LADY AwlaN BOTEWit's LAMENT.
BAN (G. bannen), to interdict by public proclamation, to curse; it has various other significations,
but is chiefly used by old writers in the sense of to
command, forbid, or excommunicate by authority.
Ah! Gloucester, hide thee from their hateful looks;
And in thy closet pent up, rue thy shame
And ban thine enemies.
2 PART K. HEN. vi.
The sacred fruit, sacred to abstinence
Much more to taste it, under ban to touch.
PAR. LOST.
BANBURY.      This town in Oxfordshire was formerly
much inhabited by rigid puritans, whose chief employment was weaving.
I'11 send some forty thousand unto Paul's,
Build a cathedral next in Banbury.
O. P. Tas ORDINARY.
-   She is more devout
Than a weaver of Banbury.
O. P. THE WITS.
BAND (S. bond), the old method of spelling bond;
an instrument or obligation to pay a debt.
Tell me, was he arrested on a bend?
COMBDY OF ERRORS.
I do beseech your majesty may salve
The long grown wounds of my intemperance;
If not, the end of life cancels all bands.
1 PART K. HB. Iv.
BAN-DOG, a species of mastiff, the etymology of
which is uncertain, but is supposed to be so called
from its being fastened up by a band on account of
its ferocity.
H3




78


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Or privy or pert if any bin,
We have great bun-dogs to tear their skin.
SPENSER,.
The time of night when Troy was set on fire,
The time when screech owls cry and ban-dogs howl.
K. HEN. VI.
BANDOLEER       (F. bandoulier), little wooden cases,
covered with     leather and holding       a charge of
powder, formerly worn by soldiers on a shoulder
belt.
My cask I must change to a cap and feather; my bandilero to
a scarf to hang my sword in.
O. P. THI ROYAL KING AND LOYAL SUBJECT,
BANDOUN (0. F. bandon), power, discretion; liberty
to do a thing.
The emperoure and his barouns
Yieldeth henr to thy Bandouns.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
BANDROLL (F. banderolle), a small streamer, banner, or pennon, usually fixed near the point of a
lance.
Drives with strong lance some adverse knight to ground,
And leaves his bandroll weltering in his wound.
WAY'S FABLIAUX, HTELINE AND EGLANTINE.
BANDY, a word derived from           the  French jouer a
bander, the name of a rural sport played by boys,
by striking a leathern or wooden ball with a stick,
crooked at the end, from one to another; it also,
figuratively, signifies to debate, canvass, or hold
contention with.
-----  The shooting stars,
Which in an eye bright evening seem to fall,
Are nothing but the balls they lose at bsa(.
0. P. LINeGA.
Obe fit to bandy with my lawless sons,
And rufle in the commonwealth of Rome.
TIr, ANDRONICus.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


79


BANKEROUT, immediately derived from the French
banqueroute, but primarily from the Latin bancus,
the bench, table, or counter of a tradesman, and
ruptus, broken; the insolvency of the party whose
station or place of transacting business was broken
up and gone; in its modern acceptation it means
a bankrupt, or one whose debts exceed his means
or power of payment.
But, nathless I toke unto our dame
Your wif at home the same gold again,
Upon your benche she wote it well.
CHAUCER.
Dainty bits
Make rich the ribs, but bankerout the wits.
K. RICHARD II.
"Tis done, he pens a proclamation stout
In rescue of the banker's bankerout.
MARVEL.
BANKERS, cushions, probably that part of the furniture of a bed now called pillows, derived from the
Saxon bane, a hill or elevated piece of ground.
Where is thy chamber wantonly be seen
With burly bedde and bankers brouded been.
CHAUCBR'S TEST. OP CrIss.
BANKS'S HORSE, a horse kept by a man of the name
of Banks, which he taught to exhibit various tricks,
to the great wonder and amusement of the spectators.   He was so celebrated as to be frequently
mentioned by the writers of the sera of Queen
Elizabeth.
She governs them with signs and by the eye, as Banks breeds his horse.
0. P. THx PARSON'S WtDDING.
It shall be chronicled next after the death of Banks his horse.
DhKxAR's SATIROMASTIX.




80


A OLOSSARIAL &ND


BANKIIDE. This portion of the borough of Southwark was formerly     inhabited by loose women.
The cardinal bishop of Winchester (temp. Hen. IV.)
derived a part of his revenue from fees allowed
him from brothel keepers, for permission to keep
their houses in his manor. The bishop's palace is
still visible, though in ruins, and there is yet on
the Bankside an alley called " Cardinal Cap Alley," from the sign of one of the brothels being
" The Cardinal's Cap." Shakspeare, in the 1st
part of Henry IV. alludes to this source of the
bishop's revenue.     A  person infected with the
morbus gallicus was called a Winchester goose.
Thou that giv'st whores indulgences to sin,
I'll canvass thee in thy broad cardinal's hat.
1 PART HEN. Iv.
Come, I will send for a whole coach or two
Of Bankside ladies, and we will be jovial.
0. P. Tae MUSES' LOOKING GLASS.
BARBE, a species of defensive armour for a horse;
also, the ornamental trappings of horses in time of
peace or at a tournament. It is a corruption of
barde, from bardare, barbarous Latin.
The loftie steed with golden sell
And goodly gorgeous barbes.
SPZN&ER'S F. QuBEiN.
And now, instead of mounting barbed steeds
To fright the souls of fearful adversaries,
He capers nimbly in a lady's chamber.
K. RICHARD III.
BARIBE, a neckerhief or veil, used at funeral solemnities, which was worn by different ranks in the




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


manner prescribed by the sumptuary laws; on
persons of distinction, it was tied above the chin,
depending over the breast, and hence it was called
a barb, from its resemblance to a beard.
In token of mourning, barbed the visage,
Wimpled eche one.
LYDGATE'S HIST. THEBBS.
BARBER (F. barber), to shave or trim the beard.
This ornament (for it was so considered when
worn) was an object of great attention about three
centuries ago, and was fashioned to a variety of
shapes. Taylor, called the water poet, mentions
them as cut to resemble a quickset hedge, a spade,
a fork, a stiletto, a hammer, &c. Much time was
spent " in starching and landering" them, and
such care was taken to preserve them in proper
shape, that cases were made to enclose them,
which were put on at night, that they might not
be disarranged whilst sleeping. The fashion of
wearing beards declined in the reign of Charles II.
and was gradually discontinued.   Barbers were
employed to trim and adorn the beard, and so called
from barba, a beard, and to barber was to shave
or put the beard in order, and not to powder, as
Dr. Johnson suggests. The use of powder was
unknown in the time of Shakspeare.
----  our courteous Anthony,
Whom ne'er the word of no woman heard speak,
Being barber'd ten times o'er, goes to the feast.
ANTH. AND CLMue




82


A G LOMSARIAL AND


The barbers shop was formerly the mart for news
as it is now; but, as newspapers were not in
existence, the. company in waiting amused themselves in playing on the cittern, a species of lute
or guitar, furnished by the proprietor of the shop.
This custom is alluded to in Ben Jonson's Silent
Woman.
I have married the cittern, that is common to all men.
BARBICAN (F. barbacane), a parapet or strong high
wall with turrets to defend the gates of a drawbridge; a fortification placed before the gates of
a town.
Gates they shutte and barbteans,
"They mayntened heom well.
RoM. OF K. ALISAUNDRN.
Within the &wadeen a porter sate,
pay and night duly keeping watch and ward.
sasnNsIA's F. Qvuas.
BARDASH (F. bardache), a boy kept for an unnatural
purpose.
I felt the blows still plied so fast,
As if th' had been by lovers plac'd,
In raptures of Platonic lashing
And chaste contemplative  "wcHeinU.. A
HUIplIBAS
kbARGArT, a song or ballad.
And at the last there begas aon
A lady for to sing right womanly
A bwrgmertin praisng of a dalsey.
CHAUCIR'S FLOURS AND LsI..
BARLEY BRAKE, a rural English game now            generally disused, the excellence of which consisted in
running well; it is often noticed by the old dramatists,  Mr, Gifford in his edition of Massinger, and




ETYMOWOGICAL D6CT(ONARY.    8


88


Dr, Jamieson in his Dictionary, give the different
modes of playing the same game in England and
Scotland.
Tush! Appollo is tuning his pipes; or at barley brake with Daphne.
0. P. MIDAS.
Nay, indeed you shall not go; we'll run at barley brake first.
0. P. THU HcNsmw WHORk.
BARM (S. beorm), the workings of ale or beer, now
generally called yeast.
And sometimes make the drink to bear no barm.
MIDS. NIOHT's DREAM.
BARME     (S. barm), the lap; that part of female
clothing which is spread over the knees.
Men her sette on a palfray,
An yn hir barme before her laye
Her yonge sonys.
Ro.. OP OCT. IMPERATOR.
BARME CLOTH, a sort of apron, worn by women,
covering the loins.
And with that word this fancon gan to cry,
And swouned ofte in Canace's barme.
CHAUCER'S SQUIRE's TALX,
"A seint she wered all of silk,
"A barme cloth eke as white as morwe milk.
I3.
BARNACLES, a low and ludicrous name for spectacles; also, a name given to the Solan geese
which are found in the Orkneys and other Scottish
islands. They were fabulously supposed to grow
on trees.
They be gay barnaeles, yet I see never the better.
0. P. DAMN0 AND PYTRIAS.
As barnacles turn Solan geese
In the island of the Orcades.
BARRIERS (F. barre8), a warlike sport with short




84


A 49OSSARIAL AND*


swords; the combatants fought within bars or
rails, to separate them from the spectators.
-  Noble youth,
I pity thy sad fate-now to the barriers.
O. P. VITr. COROMBONA.
BASE. See "Bace."
BASE COURT (F. bas cour), a lower or back court
of the household.
My lord, in the base court he doth attend
To speak with you.
K. RICHARD IT.
IBASES, a kind of loose mantle, tied round the loins
and hanging down to or over the knees; in the
days of chivalry, it was usually worn by knights
when on horseback: both Shakspeare and Butler
use the word to signify a covering for the thighs
generally.
The wicked steele seized deep in hip right side,
And with the streaming blood his bases dyed.
FAIRFAX'S TASSO.
Only, my friend, I yet am unprovided of a pair of bases.
PERICLES.
BASILISK (It. basilisco), a species of long cannon.
Of palisadoes, frontiers, parapets,
Of basilisks, of cannon, culverin.
1 PART K. HBN. Iv.
BASrN (F. basin), a vessel used to wash hands and
other purposes; they were formerly made of metal,
particularly those used by barbers: from their
sonorous properties, they were beaten before the
cart in which bawds were heretofore placed for
punishment, for the purpose of attracting the attention of the mob towards the culprit.




ETYMOLOGICAL ]DICTIONARIES     85


85


With scornful soind of basin, pot, and pan
They thought to drive him hence.
HAARINGTOw's ARIIOaTO
Let there be no bawd carted that year to employ a basin of his.
O. P. THa SILENT WOMAN.
BASKET (Br. basged). The art of basket making
was known and practised by the ancient Britons,
who excelled all other nations in the excellence
of their manufacture; they were so much esteemed
as to be in great request with the Romans, who
imported them in large quantities. The old saying,
" the good old trade of basket making," alludes
to this primitive employment of the Britons.
A basket I, by painted Britons wrought,
And now to Rome's imperial city brought.
MARTIAL'S EPIg.
BASNET (0. F. bacinet), a light helmet, worn originally by Frenchmen at arms, and made in the
form of a basin, from which its name is derived.
In the metrical Romance of Richard Cwur de Lion
it is called by that name.
Som he hyt on the bacyn.
And that of him she mote assured stand,
He sent to her his basenet.
SPENSER'S F. Qusxw.
It was a heavy syght to see,
Bryght swords on basnetes light.
O. B. OF CHsvY CHACB.
BASTARD (F. bastarde), a wine, also called muscadel. Its first name is derived from its partaking
both of a sweet and astringent quality, and its
second from having somewhat of the flavour of
musk.     Bell. Roger, what wine sent they for?
Rog. Bastard wine.
0, P. Tau HoNisT Wamcr.
I




86


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Score a pint of bastard in the Half Moon.
1 PART. K. HzN. iv.
BASTE (F. baster), to stitch or sew on slightly.
And on her legs she painted buskins wore,
Basted with bands of gold.
"SPENSER'S F. QUvzN.
BASTILLE (F. bastille), a general term for a military
fortress, castle of defence, or place of confinement.
Thus fortune fares her children to empound,
Which on her wheel their bastiles bravely build.
MIaR. FOR MAO.
---- Near which there stands
A bastille, built to imprison hands.
HUDIBRAS.
3ATE (S. bate), strife, contention, debate.
I thought to rule, but to obey to none,
And therefore fell I with my king at bate.
MIRR. FOR MAO.
"This sour informer, this bate breeding spy.
SHAKSPxARN'S VENUS AND ADONIS.
BATFUL, fruitful, abundant, fertile.
Amongst the batful meads on Severn's either side.
DRAYTON's POLYOLBioN.
BATLET, (F. battre), a wooden mall or instrument
with which laundresses beat their linen in the process of washing.
I remember the kissing of her batlet.
As You LIxE fr.
BATTEN, to fatten, to get flesh, to fertilize.
Could you on this fair mountain leave to feed,
And batten on this moor?
HAMLET.
S.      We drove afield,,Bdttening our flocks with the fresh dews of night.
S MILTON' LYIlDAS.
IBA0BBLE (L. baubella, or F. babiole), sometimes by
the old writers spelt bable, a truncheon or short
stick with a grotesque head carved at the top,




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


87


carried by and one of the insignia of the ancient
domestic fool.
---- The kinges foole
Sat by the fire, upon a stoole,
And he that with his bable plaide.
GowsR's CON.. AM.
You may play with him as safely as with his bauble.
O. P. THE CHANGELING.
BAUDS, fine clothes, bravery; from baudkin, a rich
kind of stuff, of which apparel was formerly made.
This false thiefe, this sompnour, quod the frere,
Had always bawdes ready to his honde.
CHAUCER's WIFZ OF BATH.
BAUSED (F. bai&er), to kiss.
Nay, mark, list! Delight my spaniel slept whilst I baus'd leaves..
0. P. WHAT You WIL..
BAVINS, bundles of small twigs or brushwood, used
for lighting fires, a word of uncertain etymology,
still in use in various parts of England.
There is no fire, make a little blaze with a bavin.
FLORIO'S SECOND FIAUTES..
Barins will have their flashes and youth their fancies.
O. P. MOTHER BOMBIB.
With shallow jesters and rash bavin wits,
Soon kindled and soon burn'd.
1 PART K. HEN. Iv.
BAWCOCK (F. beau coq), in low language, meant a
jolly fellow, a cock of the game, a lad of mettle.
Why, how now, my bawcock? how dost thou?
-TWxELFT NIGHT.
BAWDEKIN (F. baudequin), tissue of gold; sametimes a canopy, probably from its being ornamented
with tissue.    The word is supposed to be derived,
from   Baldach, the ancient name          for Bagdad;
gorgeous apparel and furniture were said, in the
old romances, to be imported from the East.
12




88


A Q19M4AUAL AND


Of gold Mssdekrsz he gave thre.
WYNTvie'g CSROIN.
Of baudekyn and purple pall,
Of gold and'silver and sendal.
Rtom. op MERLINV.
BAWDRICKC (0. F. baudrier), a belt of leather or
other material, used as a belt or girdle for a sword.
Hils bandrick how adorn'd with stones of wond'rous price.
DRAYTON'S POLYOL,111N.
A horne he bare, the baudricke was of grene.
CHAUCECROS SQU5REC'S YEOMAN'S TA-LE.
Athwart his brawny shoulders came
A bauldrick., made and trisnm'd with the same.
VIRGIL TRAY.
BAWDRONS or I3ATIIRONS, a general name given to
a cat.
Bathrone for grief of scoarcheci members
0 bM ~~                   COLVILL's MocX POEM.
Avdb%ul Swdsw by the ingle site,
And wi' he; loof her face is washin.
BAWN (G. bauoss), any edifice, whether for residence
as a common habitation or a fortification; but in
Ireland, a baun is said to be a place near the house,
enclosed with walls, to keep the cattle in duringthe night, to prevent their being stolen: and Spenw
ser, in his State, of Ireland, is of opinion that these
inclosures (w'hich he states to be squares, strongly
-trenched) were anciently the place of meeting or
folkmote for -the people -to discuss the affairs of the
This Hmlton'a bawn, whlln it sticks on m~y hand*
I lose by the house what I gain by the land.
PEiA SWWIF'S GRAND.) QUESTION DEBATED.
B~w8FxN,, a badger; the. word NOs sometimes used to
signify bulk.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


89


His mittens were of bawzen's skinne.
DRAYTON'S DOWSAPELL.
Peace, you fat bawson, peace I
O. P. LINGUA.
BAY (G. bau), a term in architecture, denoting the
size of a building, answering to what is generally
called floors or stories.
If this law hold in Vienna ten years, I'll rent the fairest house
in it after three pence a bay.
MEASURI FOR MEASURE.
BAY WINDOW (S. bugan), a window made in a recess or bay, having rectangular corners, vulgarly
but improperly, called a bow window, which latter word more aptly designates the circular form.
of the window called a compassed window.
'Tis a sweet recreation for a gentlewoman
To stand in a bay window and see gallants.
MIDDLETON.
The chambers and parlours of a sorte,
With bay windows goodly as may be thoughte.
CHAUCER's ASSEMBLIE OF LADIES.
BE, to exist or have existence. This verb is used by
old writers to give particular emphasis to a simple
term; as, bedight, bedaub, bedeck, &c. and occasionally as a prefix to denote derision or contempt;
as, besotted, bedevil, bedaggle, &c.        It is also
used for the preposition by and the participle been.
For this trowe I, and say for me,
That dreames significaunce be.
CHAUCER'S ROM. OR THE ROSE.
Awake I arise! or be for ever fallen.
PAn. LosT.
The times have been, that when the brains were out the man
would die.
MACBETH.
BEAN IN THE CAKE.        The ancient custom of choos13




A GLOSSARIAL AID


ing king and queen on Twelfth-day, was to make
a cake, in the ingredients of which a bean and a
pea were introduced; the former to designate the
king and the latter the queen. The persons finding
these in their portions of this cake, were declared
king and queen for the night.
Now, now the mirth comes,
"With the cake full of plums,
Where bean's the kiag of the sport here;
Besides we must know
The pea also
Must revel as queen in the court here.
HEaRRCK'S HERPERIDEIS.
You may imagine it to be Twelfth-day at night, and the bean
found in the corner of your cake..
0. P. PNw WONDER.
BEAR A BRAIN, to have or exert memory or recollection.
Nay, but, Joan, have a care I bear a brain for all at once.
O. P. GaRI, THE COLLIER OF CROYDON.
"Well, sir, let me alone; I'll bear a brain.
0. P. ALL FoOLs.
Nay, I do bear a brain.
BOMto AND JULIOT.
BEARD.     To beard a person, was to oppose him face
to face.
Securely fight, thy purse is sanctuary'd,
And in this place shall beard the proudest thiefe.
O. P. Tms Foes APPRnNTICzS or LONDON.
These barons thus do beard me in my land.
MAblow's K. EDW. 11.
BEAR IN HAND, a common expression, signifying
to keep in eKpectation or delay by delusive promises.
Yet will I bear some dozen more in hand,
And make them alll   lls P.  R
O. P. RA,  AL Wx'.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


91


---- Still bearinj them in hand,
Letting the cherry knock agauist their lips,
And draw it by their mouths.
B. JONSON'S VOLPONE.
BEAST (F. bate), an old game on the cards, not unlike the modern game of loo.
For these at beast and I'ombre woo,
And play for love and money too.
HJDIBRAS.
BEATHED (S. bethian), heated and perhaps hardened by fire; meat improperly roasted is still
said in the Midland Counties to be beathed.
---- A tall young oak he bore,
"Whose knotted snags were sharpened all afore,
And beath'd in fire for steel to be in sted.
0               SPBNSER'S F. QUEEN.
BEAUPERES (F.), comrades, equals, companions.
Now, leading him into a secret shade,
From his beauperes and from bright heaven's view.
IBID.
BECCO (It.), a cuckold.
Duke, thou art a beeco, a cornuto.
0. P. Tisc MALCONTENT.
BEDE (S. bide), to offer, invite, solicit, or pray.
At your commandment, sir, truly,
(Quod the chanon) and us, God ferbide;
Lo 1 how this thefe his service bede.
CHAucER's CHANONS, YEOMAN'S TALl.
BEDPHEER (S.), a bed-fellow.
Her that I mean to choose for my bedpheer.
B. JoNsoN's EpIJCREN.
BEDWARD       (S.), the time for going to bed.
While your poor fool and clown for fear of peril,
Sweats hourly for a dry brown crust to bedward.
And tapers burn'd to bedward.
COBLD  (S  behda)  she   protec LAtion, refuge.
BEELD (S. behlidan)j shelter, protection, refugee




A GLOSSARIAL AND


This breast, this bosom soft shall be thy beeld
Against storms of arrows.
FAIRFAX's TASSO.
BEES IN     THE    HEAD.     This expression     indicates
whimsies in the brain, or being busy about trifling
or unimportant matters. There is a proverb in
Leicestershire of a similar import, " as busy as
bees in a basin."
Whoso hath such bees as your master in his head,
Had neede to have his spirites with musike to be fed.
O. P. RALPH ROYSTER DOYSTBR.
BEETLE, to overhang or jut out; thus a beetle brow
is a frown.
What, is she beetle brow'd?
S   0. P. MIDAS.
The dreadful summit of the cliff,
That beetles o'er its base.
HAMLET.
BEFET (F. bufa), a blow;' to buffet is the modern
word; to beat.
Arte thou Richard, that strange man,
As men sayn in every londe,
Wilt thou stand abefet of my honde?
RoM. OF RICHARD CtEUR Dx LroN.
BEFORNE (S. beforen), before.
The horsemen past, their void left stations fill,
The band's on foot, and Raimond them beforne.
FAIRFAX'S TASSO.
BEGGED FOlt A FOOL. This proverbial expression
is derived from the common law; the profits of
the land and the custody of a person proved to be
purus idiota were granted by the king to some
subject who had influence enough to obtain them.
Mem. It is my grief to have such a son to inherit my lands.
Drom. He needs not, sir; I'11 beg him for afool.
O. P. MOTHER BOMuBs.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.                      93
If I fret not his guts, beg me for afool.
0. P. Tni HONEST WHORB,
BEHEST (S. behese), a command or injunction.
I have learn'd me to repent the sin
Of disobedient opposition
To you and your behests.
ROMOSO AND JULIET.
That his behests they fear'd as tyrants' law.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
BEHIGHT (S. bIhetan), to call, name, or promise.
Whereof the keys are to thy hand behight.
IBID.
Did'st thou behight me, born of English blood.
IBID.
Chaucer uses it in the sense of to inform or assure.
-   In right ill array
She was, with storm and heat, I you behight.
S   CHAucER's FLOURs AND LxArx.
BEJAPE (F. gaber), to mock, deceive, or deride.
I shall bejaped ben a thousand times
More than that foole.
CRAUCER's Taoz AND CREase.
Thou hast befapedhere Duke Theseus,
And falsely changed hast thy name.
CuAvUEa's KNIGHT's TALm,
BEL.ACCOYL (F.), a friendly reception.
And her salewed with seemly bele-accoyl,
Joyous to see her safe after long toil.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
BELAMOU4       (F. bel amour), a lover or mistress.
But as he nearer drew, he easily
Might scerne that it was not his sweetest Meet,
Ne yet his belamuwr, the partner of his sheet.
IBID.
BELAMY (I. bel arnie), a fair friend, a paramour.
Pour'd out his life and last philosophy
To the faire Critias, his dearest beksmy.
BELATED, late, tardy.          Milton    uses it to sigbiy
benighted.




94


A GLOSSARIAL AND


---    Fairy elves,
Whose midnight revels by a forest side
Or fountain some belated peasant sees.
PAR. LosT,
BELAYED, laid over or adorned.
All in a woodman's jacket he was clad,
Of Lincolne greene, belayed with silver lace.
SPzNSBR'8 F. QUEIEN.
BELD (S.), help, protection.
The abbesse her gan teche and beld.
LAY tL FREINR.
BELDAME (F.). This word was not formerly a word
of contempt, but signified old age, generally a
grandam, as belsire denoted a grandsire.        Spenser, however, uses it according to its original
French signification.
The beldam and the girl, the grandsire and the boy.
DRAAVTO's POLYOLBION.
When beldame nature in her cradle was,
MILTON.
Beldame, your words do work me little ease.
Se1NsEa's F. QUVEN.
BELGARDS      (F. belle egard), beautiful looks, soft
glances.
Under the shadow of her even browes,
Working belgards and amorous retrate.
IBID.
BELL, BOOK, AND CANDLE, a ceremony used in the
Romish Church in the excommunication of a person: three candles are successively extinguished
in the performance of the rite.    Archbishop Winchelsea, Anno 1298, directs a sentence of excommunication to be carried into effect with bells
tolling and candles lighted, to cause the greater
dread.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


I have a priest will mumble up a marriage
Without bell, book, or candle.
0. P. RAM ALIsT.
Bell, book, and candle shall not drive me back.
KINo JOHN.
BELL, TO BEAR THE, to carry off the prize, to be
first in estimation. Dr. Johnson says that the phrase
arose from the wether that carries the bell before a
flock of sheep, and this opinion is verified by the
quotation.
My prick ear'd ewe, since thou dost beare the bell,
And all thy mates do follow at thy call.
RICiE'S ADVENTURES OF SIMONIDES.
BELLE CHERE (F.), good entertainment.
To don therewith min hoiour and my prow
For cosinage and eke for belle chere.
CHAUCER'S SHIPMAN'S TALE.
BELSYRE (F.), a grandfather.
Here bought the barne the belsyres gyltes.
P. PLOWMAN'S Vis.
Who this land in such state maintain'd
As his great beleyre Brute from Albion's heirs it won.
DRAYTON'S POLYOLBION.
BEMENTE (S. bemenan), lamented, bemoaned,
Ever she made moaning chere,
And bemente Florice her lieve sire.
FLORICE AND BLANCHPLOURE.
BENCHE (S. boence), a bench. This piece of furniture was in use long before the introduction of
chairs, even in the palaces of kings; and the first
judicial court in England, " the King's Bench,"
derives its name from the bench upon which, 'in
ancient times, the kings sat in person and delivered their judgments; hence it was always removed with the king's household. Any elevated
seat was also usually denominated a bench.




96


A GLOSSARIAL AND


An halle for an hygh kynge, an household to holden,
With brode bordes abouten ybenched.
P. PLOWMAN'S CRaDs.
BENDE (S. band), the string, thread, or line wit
which any thing is tied, fastened, or united t(
gether; now called a band and bandage.
With a bende of gold tassiled,
And knoppes of gold amiled.
CHAUCER.
BENDEL (F. bandeau), a stripe or band.
Of red sendel were her banneres,
With three gryffons, depaynted well
And of asure, a faire bendel.
ROM. or RICH. CCuva DE LION
BENEMPT (S. be and nempne), named or called.
Much greater gifts for guerdon thou shalt gain
Than kid or cosset, which I thee benempt.
SPENSBR.
BENT (Ger. bintz), a specieA of long coarse grass
Bomen bickarte upon the bent,
With their brode aras cleare.
O. B. OP CHEVY CHACo.
BERFREYBS (0. F. befroi), wooden towers used by
besiegers in attacking a fortified castle.
Alisaundre and his folkes alle
Faste asailed heore walles,
Myd berfreyes with all gyn.
ROM. oF K. ALISAUNDAR.
BERGOMASK (It.), a dance in imitation of the peasants of Bei'gomasco, in Italy.
Will it please you to see the epilogue, or to hear a bergomask dance?
MIDS. NIGHT'S DREAM.
BESANT, a gold coin frequently mentioned by Gower,
Chaucer, and other early English poets, so called
from being first coined at Byzantium, the modern
Constantinople.      Joinville estimates its value at




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.                     97
"about ten sols, but other writers differ from         his
opinion, and rate its value at twenty sols.
He gaf the byshop to gode hans,
Riche beyghes, besants, and pans.
ROM. oF K. ALISAUNDRE.
Though he be chapman or merchant,
And of gold many besaunts.
CHAUCER'S ROM. OF THE ROSE.
BESETTE      (S. besittan), to besiege, entangle, enclose, waylay, embarrass, or perplex.
Alas! (quoth Absalon) and wel awa!
That true love was ever so evil besette.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
But they him spying, both with greedy force
At once upon him ran, and him beset
With strokes of mortal steel.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
BESHREW (Teut. beschreyen), to wish a curse to,
to rail at or use imprecations; it is generally used
in a jesting or playsome manner.
Beshrew me but you have a quick wit.
Two GENTS. OF VSRONA.
Nay, quoth the cock; but I beshrew us both
If I believe a saint upon his oath.
DRYDEN'S FABLES.
BESORE (S. syrwan), to make sore, vex, annoy, or
mortify.
But in that house eternal peace doth play,
Acquieting the souls that new besore
Their way to heaven.
GILES FLETCHER'S CHRIST'S TRIUMPH.
BESPRENT (S. besprengan), sprinkled.
And first within the porch and jawes of hell
Sate deep remorse Of conscience, all besprent
With tears.
Miaa. Fro MAO.
K




F98


A& GLOSSARIAL AND


The arines the which that Cupid beare
Were pierced harts with teares lsespresst.
Cuinn's AsSAULT, sY Loan VArg~.
BESTED (from S. be- wad ted), to be in the place or
stead of; it is used in the sense of accommodation,
whether good or ill, and by Milton implying to
confer or bestow.
Hence vain deluding joys,
The brood of "oly, without father bred!
How little you bested.
IL PRNSEROCOa.
BESTRAUGHT, a corruption of distraught; mad, out
of one's senses.
0 goddesse sonne, in such case caust thou sleepe,
Ne yet bes*ought the danger doest foresee?
SURRY,
Bestrau.ghfed hemiss relief bath found
By mausic's pleasaunte sweete delights.
PARADISE OF DAINTY DErVICES.
BE8TUD     (S. 8tuder),     to ornament with        knobs or
protuberances., as to emboss or fix gems into a
crown, &c.
Andwhen the giorious. sun goes down
Would she puit on her star bestudded crown.
I)RAYTON,
And so besiud the stars that they below
Would grovy insured& to light,
MILTON'S CossIus.
BEsWYKE (S. beswicam), to allure or entice..Save the Duke of Ostryke,
King Richard he thoughte to beswike.
ROM. 0-9 RiCf. CCZUR Ds LION.,
In womea~e vlce, they singe,
With notes of so. greate Ilkynge,
Of: suck xaure,. of such musicke,
Whereof the shippes they beswiyke. G~'  O;A,.BETECUE (S. beterean), to deliver or commit to.
VAe *at taught thee to) reaeh4
To the dev'il of hell I him bet eehe.
Amhs AND AmmLOm.,




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


99


Then to his handes that writt he did beteke,
Which he disclosing read.
SPENSER'S F. QUVEN.
BETEEM (S. temian), to procreate; to bestow or
give.
Belike for want of rain; which I could well
Beteem them from the tempest of mine eyes.
MIDS. NIGHT'S DREAM.
So would I, said the enchanter, glad and fain
Beteem to you his sword, you to defend.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
BETHRAL (S. thrtel), to enthral, conquer, or enslave.
Ne let that wicked woman scape away,
For she it is that did my lord bethral.
IBID.
BETRASSED (S. betrogan), deceived or betrayed.
And he thereof was all abashed,
His own shadow him betrassed.
CUnAVCa's ROs. O TUE RosE.
BETSO, a Venetian coin of the smallest value, not
equal to a farthing English.
At a word, thirty livres; I'll not bate you a betso.
0. P. Tlz ANTItQIARPT.
BEVER (It. bevere), a repast between dinner and
supper.    Barret, in his Alvearie, describes it as a
drinking, and the derivation countenances the
supposition. The use of tea has superseded this
meal.
Your gallants never sup, breakfast, or bever without me.
0. P. LINGUA.
Ar. What, at your bever, gallants!
Mor. WiUlt please your ladyship to drink?
B. JONSON'S CYNTHIA'S REVELS.
BEVY (It. beva), a term gefierally applied to birds
going in company; also, a company or assembly,
and exclsively applied to the female sex.
1K 2




100


A GLOSSARIAL AND


And in the midst thereof, upon the foor,
A lovely bevy of fair ladies sat.
SPENSER'S F. QUrnN.
-   None here, he hopes,
In all this noble bevy, has brought with her
One care abroad.
K. HEN. viii.
BEWEEP (S. bewepan), to weep over or upon, to
moisten with tears.
-   --- Old fond eyes,
Beweep this cause again.
HAMLET.
Lo! how my hurts afresh beweep this wanted wight.
MIRR. FOR MAO.
BEWRAY (S. bewregan), to betray, accuse, or inform, and sometimes simply to discover.
Mine harte may not mine harmes bewraie.
CHAUCER's KNIGHT'S TALE.
To listen more, but nothing to bewray.
O. P. THs SPANISH TRAGEDY.
Bat Blandamour whenas he did espye,
Hif change of cheere that anguish did bewraie.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
BEZONIAN     (It. bisognosco), a mean low person.
Great men oft die by vile bezonians.
2 PART K. HEN. VI.
BEZZLE, to drink inordinately; to guzzle or besot
with liquor. Both Dr. Johnson and Todd have
totally mistaken the meaning of this word; it is
neither a corruption of imbecile, as suggested by
the former, nor is it the parent of the modern word
embezzle, to waste in riot. The word is yet in use
in several counties iq England to signify drinking
to excess.
That divine part is sok'd away in sin,
In sensual lust and midnight bezeling.
MARSTOzt' ScouROs oF VILLAINY.




E'-rYMOLoGICAL DICTIONARY.


101


S'foot, I wonder how the iusi~e of a tavern looks now. Oh!
when shall I bezie, bezie.Pai             OET     HRC
"lns now become
The shoeing homne of bezelers' discourse.
JA&CK Daume's EerT2RTk&-zxmzNr
BIB (L. bibere), to drink frequently, to tipple.
The miller hath so wisely bibbed ale,
That, like a horse, he snorteth in his slepe.
CaAAteu'S, MILLBR's TALE.
BIBLE (L. biblia). Any great book was formerly so
called, without reference to the subject; it is now
only applied to the inspired writings.
Men might make of him a bible
Twenty foote thick, as I trowe.
CHAUcER's HOUSE op FAME.N
Of thys mater I myght stake a long bible.
P. PLowMAM's Yes.
BICKER (S. becher), a bowl or dish to contain
liquor, usually now applied to a drinking cup, and
called a beaker.
Thus we took in the high browin liquor,
And beagd about the neetar biquer.
KENNEDY'S BvzaoeGzRX.
BEI~iDLY, At, proper, becoming.
Then out and spake, the bierdlj, bride
Was a' goud to the chin.
JAMIESONPO B3Auz&].s
BIESTING (S. lysling), the thick milk given by the
cow after, calving,. called in somie counties bee-.
sting' and bee~tlrng.
So may the first of all oui fells be thine,
And both the beestaings of our goats and klne,
B. JONSON'WS MASUVES,
And twice besides her biesf lags never fail
To store the dairy withL a brimmning pall.
K 3




102


A GLOSSARIAL AND


BIGGE, to buy or purchase.
Gold no seolver so y siqge,
No mighte the stones to worthe bigge.
ROM. or K. ALISAUNDRE.
BIGGIN (F. beguin), a coif or linen cap worn by
children, so named because worn by a religious
order of women called Beguines.
Yet not so sound and half so deeply sweet
As he whose brows with homely biggen bound
Snores out the. watch of night.
2 PART K. HEN,. IV.
BIGGIN (S. byggan), any building or structure.
When he came to his byggynge,
He welcom'd fair that ledye younge.
EMARE RITSON'S E. M. R.
BIKED, fought, from the Br. bicre, to fight; hence
the modern word bicker, angry dispute or quarrel.
The thridde Gildas faste biked,
Ac through the throte he hym striked.
RoM. or K. ALISAUNDRE.
BILBO, a Spanish word, so called from Bilboa, a city
of Biscay, where the best sword blades were
manufactured.
To be compassed, like a good bilbe in the circumference of a
peck, hilt to point.
MaXfYT Wvas or WrINDSOR.
BILBOES, stocks or shackles for the feet, used to
punish sailors, so called from their being made at
Biiboa; several of them are yet to be seen in the
Tower of London, which were taken in the Spanish
armada.
--      Methought I lay,
Worse than the mutines in the bilboes.
HAMLET.
BILL (S    bille), an ancient warlike weapon, in the




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


103


shape of a battle axe or halbert, used chiefly by
foot soldiers, but were also carried by sheriffs'
officers when attending executions, and by watchmen. They were always rusty (except the edge,
which was sharp and bright), and hence generally
called brown bills.
Both with spear, byll, and brand,
It was a mighti sight to see.
O. B. OF CREVV CHACE.
Yea, distaff women manage rusty bills.
K. Rica. Ii.
Their wits are as rusty as their bills.
O. P. ENDYoION.
BILL (F. bille).    A  letter was so called, and, if a
short one, a billet, a term still in use.
And when she of this bille had taken heed,
She rent it.
CHAUCER'S MERCHANT'S TALE.
BILLIE (Ger. billig), a companion or comrade.
Then out and spake the gude laird's jock,
Now feare ye nae my billie.
MINSTRELSEY OF THE BORDER.
BIRCHIN LANE, in the heart of the city of London,
now the residence of wealthy bankers and merchants, was formerly with the neighbouring street
of Cornhill chiefly inhabited by dealers in old
clothes and second-hand finery. Lydgate alludes
to this fact in his London Lyckpennie.
Then into Cornhill anon I yode,
Where was much stolen geere amonge.
LONDON LYCEIPNNIE.
But it had not been amiss if we had gone to Burhen Lane
first to have suited us; and yet it is a credit for a man of the
sword to go threadbare.
O. P. TiS ROYAL KiN AND LOYAL SVuJBT.




104


104      A -GLOSSARIAL AND


BiuD BlOLT,- a blunt arrow having a flat surface,
shot from a cross-bow and used to kill birds.
My uncle** fool, reading the challenge, aubsnlsed for Cupid,
and challenged hins at the bird bolt.
MuVcI ADO ADOVT Noo'uusa.
Nso;OwO (it.), a term of 'contempt, applied to persons in want or of the lowest rank in society. See
"Bezonian."
I know ye pot I what are ye? hence, ye base besognios!
BEAUMONT AND FLETCHERt'S LovE's CURN.
0 the gods! spurn'd out by grooms, like a base bisogno?
0. P. TWes WIDOW'S TEARS.
BisBoN (S. bisen), blind.
Run barefoot up and down,, threat'ning the Safnes
With bisson rheums.
HARLIRT,
What harm can your bisson conspectuities glean out of this
character?
CORIOLANUS.
BITING THE THUMB was a mark of contempt shewn
to a person, to brook which was considered a want
of courage.
]Dags and pistols!
To bite his thumab at me.
0. P. Tim Musics' LooxINo GLAS.S.
What shouldering, What Yustllng, what leering, what bjisg
of thumbs to beget quarrels!
Deava'sns D:.s& Tzaau.
Do you. bite yvur thumb at usI
ROrdEO AND JULIET.
BM"'~ WAX. 'The old formula of sealing writ inDcrs
was by bititng the wax appended to the i~nstrument
with the wang, i. e. the cheek tooth.
*    And to witness that this thing is sooth,
it &rble~ *haPOt ywtk = too&
0. P. Tun OitsixAnT.
Ag, aucit*Lgraut of WiUiais She Conqueror to an




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


105


ancestor of the Rawdon family, said to be still in
existence, gives the formula and attestation at
length.
And in witness that this thing is sooth,
I bit the ufax with my wang tooth
Before Meg, Maud, and Margery,
And my third sonne, Henry.
BLACK CLOAK.       It was the custom, in the time of
Shakspeare, for the person who spoke the prologue to a play to be dressed in a long black cloak,
and though the cloak is now dispensed with, the
practice of delivering the prologue in a suit' of
black is yet in existence.
Do you not know that I am the prologue I Do you not see
this long black velvet coat upon my back?
Pao. T TTE Fova APPRme TICaJ OF LONDON.
BLACK-FRIARS.      This precinct was at one time the
residence of feather makers, congregated there,
it is presumed, from its vicinity to the theatres;
and though the place is said to have been chiefly
inhabited by Puritans, they did not, if Ben Jonson
is to be believed, scruple to deal in those "waiters
upon vanity."
A whoreson upstart, apochryphal captain,
Whom not a Puritan in Black-friars will trust
So much as for a feather.
ALCHYMIST.
This play hath beaten all young gallants out of the feather#.
llackfriarm hath almost spoiled Black-friars forfeathers,
O. P. THB MALCONTENT.
BLACK MONDAY. This day, on the authority of
Stow, was so called from a remarkable cold and
dark day, which occurred the 14th of April, 84




106


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Edw. III. whilst that monarch lay with his army
before Paris; the cold was so intense, that many
men died on their horses' backs.
It was not for nothing that my nose fell a bleeding on Black
Monday last.
SMXRCHANT OF VENICE.
BLACK ox. The proverbial expression, "the black
ox has trod on your foot," has no reference to the
explanation given of it by Archdeacon Nares; it
is derived from an historical fact, and signifies that
a misfortune has happened to the party to which it
is applied. The saying is deduced from the Ancient
Britons, who had a custom of ploughing their
land in partnership, and if either of the oxen died
or became disabled during the operation, the owner
of the land was compelled to find another animal,
or give an acre of land to the aggrieved partner,
which acre was usually styled erw yr vch ddu,
f' the aere of the black ox," and many single acres
in Wales now bear this title, and hence the proverb arose.
She was a pretle wench, when Juno was a young wife; now
crowes foote is on her eye, and the black oze hath trod on her foot.
0. P. SAPPHO AND PHAO.
BLACK SANCTUS, a ludicrous hymn to Saunte Satan,
in ridicule of the luxury of the monks; it is repeatedly alluded to by the old dramasists, and is
published in the Nugge Antique, and in Sir John
Harrington's Metamorphosis of Ajax.
D'you think my heart is softened with a Black Sanctis?
k., Tax, WILD qoosi8 (QAcis.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.       10


107


I will make him-sing the Black Sanctu*; I hold you IL grot.
OLD MORALITY 07r ALL FOR MONEY.
13y Venus, if you fall to your Black Sanctus again, I'll discover you.
0. P. Tux WIDOW's TEARS.
BLANCHE.       See ",,Blench."BLANCHEMEER (from blanche and noir), the mnin-~
gled colours of white and black.
He wore a surcoat that was green,
With blanchemaeer it was furred, I ween.
SIR DROORE&.
BLANK (F. blanc), in archery, the white mark placed
in the butt or mark to shoot at.
See better, Lear, and let me still remain
The trvue 61551k of thine eye.
K. LEAR.
Out of the blank and level of my aim.
WINTER'S TALK.
BLAT'ANT (F. blattant), bellowing-; the noise made
by a bull or calf.
But now I comte unto my course again,
To his atchievemenet of the blatant beast.
S'SEssER's F. QUEEXN.
you learned this language from the &ftstant beast.
]DRYD)EN.
BLEAK (S. bhece), pale, from hence the word bleach,
to whiten.
Some one, for she is pale and bleche.
GowER's CON. AM,
13LRAIL (Ger. bluer), a tumour of the eye, -which
impedes the sight, but metaphorically used to sig".
nify obscurity of vision.
I- +^tsr wel could I hhm quite
With blearinlg of a proud millbres eye.
(GHAUCER'S MILLRenS TALI.
Thus I hurl
My dazzling spells into the spungy air,
With power to cheat the eye with blear illusion.
MILTON'S COMMus




10o8


A GLOSSARIAL AND


BLEE (S. bleo), colour, complexion.
To see fair Bettriss how bright she is of blee.
O. P. GEORGE A GREENE.
BLENCH    (F. blanche), to turn pale with fear or
apprehension.
-  I'll observe his looks,
I'll tent him to the quick; if he but blench,
I know my course,
HAMLET.
Yea, there, where every desolation dwells,
By grots and caverns, shag'd with horrid shades,
She may pass on with unblenched majesty.
MILTON'S COMUS.
I have ventured to differ from Dr. Johnson and
Archdeacon Nares as to one of the definitions of
this word with reference to the above quoted authorities; they say it means to flinch, shrink, or
start back, but I apprehend that blench is from the
French verb blanche, to whiten, and metaphorically, to turn pale. Hamlet had no idea that his
uncle would start off or flinch at the representation
of a fiction; he would have avoided such an apparent indication of guilt, but he could not prevent
the uncontroulable operation of his fear, by turning
pale when touched by the resemblance to his own
crime; and this is corroborated by the preceding
observation of the son, " I'll observe his looks; if
he but blench, i. e. turn pale, I shall consider it an
unequivocal sign of his guilt. Shakspeare used the
same word, in the same signification, in Macbeth.
And keep the natural ruby of your cheeks
When mine is hlanch'd with fear.
MACBSTE.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY,


109


Neither do I conceive that Milton's unblenched
majesty is used, a's Archdeacon Nares says, 'for
" not confounded."       Unblenched is without fear,
or the usual indications of that passion.
BLENT     (S. blendan), to     mingle confusedly; and
used by Spenser in the        erisei of "to blind," the
deprivation of sight being bccasioned by the blending or confusion of the visual virus.
'Tis beauty truly blent.
TWfItFTa NIGHT.
Which when he saw, he burnt with jealous fire,
The eye of reason was with rage yblent.
SPBNSsR.
BLIRT, a term of contempt of no definite meaning,
but equivalent to "a fig for you!" or "psha!"
Shall I? then blurt o'your service
0. P. THE HONEST WHORE.
Blirt on her aye mees! guard her safely.
O. P. ANTONIO AND MBLLIDA.
Blirt to you both I it was laid in the sun.
O. P. MIDAS.
BLIVE or BELIVE (S. bilive), speedily, quickly, immediately, by and bye.
Fast Robin he hied him to Little John,
He thought to loose him blivec
RoBIN HOOD AND GUY OF GISBoRNg.
By that same way the direful dames to drive,
Their mournful charriot fill'd with rusty blood,
And down to Pluto's house are come bilive.
SPsNBSa's F. Qugzx.
Belive the elder bairns came drapping in.
BaRNs.
BLONKET, a word of uncertain etymology, but signifying a sky blue or grey colour.
Our blonket liveries been all to sad
For thilke same season, when all is yclad
With pleasaunce.
"SrENSER's SLsr. CALsteta.
L




:110


1  A  OLQOSSARIAL A.ND


BLow POINT, a game played by children in the 16th
century, by blowing an arrow through a tube at
certain numbers, by way of lottery.
I have heard of,nQbleman that haa been drunk with a tinker,
and of a magnifico that has play'd at blow point.
0. P. THB ANTIQUARY.
BLOWSE, a ruddy fat faced wench, conveying the
idea of coarseness and vulgarity.
I had rather marry a fair one, and put it to the hazard, than
be troubled with a blowse.
BURTON'S ANAT. OF MELANCHOLY.
Such as the Sabines, or a sun burnt blowze.
B. JONSON's HORACE.
BLUE COATS. The livery of male domestic servants
was formerly a blue coat, and, from innumerable
passages in old authors, it appears that the custom
wa; universal.
The other act their parts iii blew coates, as they were serving men.
Dh34AR'S ]WrL-MAN'S NIGHT WALKES.
Butstay, here isa serape-trencher arrived: how now, blue bottle,
are you of the house
O.P. THE MISERIES OF ENFORCED MARRIAGE.
You proud varlets, you need not be ashamed to wear blue.
O. P. THE HONEST WHORE.
BOARD (Br. bwrdd); a table was anciently so called.
Our ancestors took their meals on loose boards,
supported by trestles, and this custom continued
till Shakspeare's time and probably after.      Capulet, in Romeo and Juliet, requires his servants to
" turn the tables up," to make room, by which it
appears that they were loose boards, placed upon
moveable stands.
Boards were laid and cloths spread,
When she had unarm'd Bevis,
To the board she him led.
FLORICI AND BLANCHFLOURBC




ETYMIOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*


III


Soon after this, three hundred lords he'slew,,
Of British blood, all sitting at his board.
Br'SENSUa's F. Qumxz.
Boa, of no certain derivation; to cheat or obtain by
fraud
With basin beting and candle light,
They bobbed the pye by night.
Rood. OF THE SXVE9N SAGE9.
BOBAIfNCE (F. bobance), presumptuous boasting.Now lete we be the werre of Fraunce,
And the Soudan with hys bobmnence,
And tome agen to faire Florance.,
ROMa. OF OCT. -Isii
For certainly I say for no bobance,
Yet was I never without purveance.
C11AuC1Cas Wit's OF UATa'S I'AOL.
BOD and BoDwoTLu (S. -biddan), from the verb to
bid; a commnand, request, or oft'er, as bodword is
a message orally delivered.
Ilk chryatene kynges he seea& bode,
And biddes, in the name of Gode,
To wend thither with greate boste.
ROM. oF RICsH. QsUX DR LION.
Then -conasuanded Sir Amadas amop
A mon to loke on thel gwon,
And bodewora bryng hyn ryght,  SzAAA.
BODGE. B~oth the derivation and meaning of this
word appear to be doubtful. Nares thinks it comes
from the French beugej-, to stir or -move, now in
low language called to budge 1 and Dsr. Johnson
supposes it a misprint of, the latter word: these
observ~ttioas have reference to the use to which
S8hakapeare applies the term;ý but in an. older authority than Shakspeare, the word- i~ spelled bodg,
and4evidently means to botch or nd-i.ia bunglingr




1119


o  A GLOSSARIAL 'AND


manner. It may, however, have had both significations, which the quotations seem to justify.
Nay, ay, there was a fouler fault; my Gammer gave me the
bodg.
Seest not how chain rent and torn, my heels, my knees, and
my breech.
0. P. GAMMER GURTON'S NEEDLE..
BODKIN (from S. bodig and kin). This word, according to its modern acceptation, signifies any
small pointed instrument, and especially one resembling a large needle, blunt at the point, used
for drawing thread, &c. through a hole or loop;.but formerly a dagger was so called, and subse-.,.quently it was a name given to a steel instrument
used at the toilet of the ladies for arranging the
hair.
But if he will be slain of Simekin,
With pavade eorwith knifefor bodikin.
CHAUCBR'S RVIg's TALB.
Here she her trinkets kept and odd things,
"Her needles, poking sticks, and bodkins.
COTTON'S VIRGIL TRAVYSTIB.
BoISTOUS (B. bwystus), fierce,rough, savage. The
word boisterous has superseded this, but does not
conivey precisely the same meaning as the olderi
word.
-    Sith that thou wost ful lite, who shall behold
Thy rude langage, full boistously unfold.
CHAUCBR'S FLOURN AND LEAFS..
BOLD   BTEAUV   AMP.   This person was said to be
Thomas Beauchamp, earl of Warwick, whose
prowess became proverbial, "' as bold as Beauchamp."    He is said (in 1846), with one 'squire
and six archers, to have defeated one hundred




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


113


armed men, at Hogges, in Normandy, slaying
sixty of the number.
If any man himself advent'rous hapt to shew,
Bold Beauchamp men him term'd.
DRAYTON'S PotYOLBIOs.
Being every man well hors'd, like a bold Beacham.
O. P. A MAD WotD MT MASTERS.
BOLNE (Goth. buna), swelled, in a round form.
And boele with strokes was his blessed face,
They him intreated as men without grace.
LAMENT. OF MARY MAGDELENE.
Here one, being throng'd, bears back, all boln and red.
SHAkssiARz'S RAPI OP LUCRBECR.
BOLT (B. bollt), an arrow      without a pointed head,
usually employed to shoot birds, and hence called
a bird bolt, which see; also, a name for an arrow
in general. Arrows with blunt heads were employed in the exercise of archery, and hence the
proverb, " a fool's bolt is soon shot."
Birds or boys, they are both but a pittance for my breakfast;
therefore have at them, for their brains must as it were embroider
my bolts.                             O, P. ENDYMION.
I'll make a shaft or a bolt on't.
MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR.
BOLTER, probably derived from boll, a swelling, the
sense of the word being used as an accretion or
accumulation; to begrime, dirty, besmear, or coagulate. In the Midland Counties it is called
baiter.
For the blood bolter'd Banquo smiles on me.
MACBETH.
BOLTING HUTCH, the tub or bin for holding bolted
meal.
That bolting hutch of beastliness, that swoln parcel of dropsies.
1 PART K. Ha., Iv.
L3




114


A GLOSSARIAL'AND


BOXIIAsR '(It. bombagia), *a species of cotton or
fustian, used as asort of wadding to give, bulk to
dresses; also, 'according:o to its more modern acceptation, swelling words without meanin~g.
Thy bodies bolster'd out witha bumbast and with bags.
GASCOIGNE's FABLE OF JERONIMO.
Is thftfsattin doublet to be bombasted with brolten mreat?
0. P. Tea HO-NEST WHORE, 2 PART.
As bombast and as lining to the thne~.
Lovic's LABOUR LOST.
BONA    RtOiA   (It. huon'a roba), literally a fine gown
or robe,. but used -by Shakspeare and, other draimatic authors to signify a shewy courtezan.or
prostittate5
Wenches, bonae robes, blessed beauties.
*             0. P.. THU MtSEaSs OF.EN1FOXCED.MARRM.OEý
Wa knew wkere the bone -robes where.
2 PART K. KiES. iv.
BONTE (F. bonnie), fair', valuable, hainds'ome, cheerfNl, btythe.. The following i's perhaps the earliest
use of this now com.mon. word in the Scottish dialect.
Witl4 spere, mace, apd sweord,,
And he wold after fyght,
Bonsie lonelis: to, heonL dygit,
Robi. OF K. ALISA1UNDR9S.
BOOT    (S. bote), compepsatio'n,. proift,. advantage,
Could I for boot, change for, an idle plume.
MEASURE FOE I.ThASrR1.
'I'll givelyou. boot; I'll give you thre~e for one.
TROILUS AND CRESSý
13060T- lrh*Tl. No etymology is given for thi's word,~
whiich is said by Bailey to be a north country one;
its meaningir is generally agreed upon, v~iz. afe



ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


115


booter, robber, or marauder.      Cotgrave defines
picoreur to be a boothaler, a ravening and filching
soldier; and probably it is derived from the old
French halleboter, to rake or gather together, or
from haler, to drag away, and booty, spoil.
Like boothalers, they forage up and downe countries, five or
six in number.
DEKKAR'S BEL-MAN'S NIGHT WALKES.
My own father (Dapper Sir Davy) laid these London boothalers, the catchpoles in ambush, to set upon me.
O. P. THE ROARING GIRL.
BORACHIO (S.), a vessel made of the skin of a beast,
in which wine is kept in Spain; figuratively, a
drunkard.
I am no berachio; sack, maligo, nor canary breeds the calen.
ture in my brains.
0. P. THE SPANISH GYPSEY.
BORDE (0. F. bourd), a jest, joke, or story.
But loke, boy, that thou her ne take,
Wharfore the ladye myght awake,
Good botrde thereof we shall make.
Rom. or OCT. IMP.
Of old adventures that fell while,
And some of bourdes and ribaudry.
LAY 's FaRINE.
BORDEL (Arm. bordel), a brothel, said by some ety.
mologists to be derived from the 0. F. bordeau, a
house near the water, in which situations houses
of this description were generally placed, as the
stews at the Bankside; others derive it from the
Saxon bordel, a small cottage, which growing out
of repute by being made common ale-houses and
harbours for lewd women, obtained the name of
bordel, from whence, by a transposition, brothel is
derived.




116, AQ GLOSSARIAL AND


Like those changeable creatures
That live in the bordello, now in satin,
To-morrow next in stammel.
0. P. MONSIEURv D'OLIVE.
These gentlemen know better to cut a caper than a cable, or
board a pink in the burdells than a pinnace.
0. P. THE LADIES' PRIVILEGE.
BORDRAG and BORDRAGING (from border and ravaging), the piedatory excursions of the borderers on
the confines of England.
No nightly bordrags, nor no hue and cries.
SPENSER'S COLIN CLOUT.
Yet oft annoyed with sondry bordragings
Of neighbour Scots.
SPfSeaa's F. QUBxN.
BOREL (F. bureau), a coarse cloth, of a russet colour, but authors differ as to its etymology; some
derive it from the French bourl and floccus, because the borels or country        folks coiered    their
heads with a sort of stuff so called, and the old
Glossary to Chaucer explains borrel as an attire for
the head; but most of the authorities agree that it
is meant to designate a mean low fellow, a clowa
or rustic. It would seem that the colour of the
cloth was transferred to the wearer and became a
term of reproach.
The kyng dude off his robe of Minlvere
And dooth on the borel of a squire.
RoM. or K. ALISAU"nDRB.
And more we see of Christes secret things
Than boreU folks, although they were kings.
CaAiCa's SoMPWOURa' TALL
We live in poverte and abstinence,
And berell folk in richesse, and dispence.
BOROWE      (S. borgian).       In  the  old writers this




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


i17


word is used somewhat differently, though on reference to its original meaning, is a security or
pledge; to protect or guard is one of its earliest
significations, but from    the period of Chaucer it
appears to have been used only in its modern sense,
to take up money or other property upon promise
or security to return it.
Fro payne it well you borowe.
O. M. EVERY MAN.
Now Sainet George to borowe!
O. P. RALPH ROYSTER DOYSTUR.
Some goode word that I may saye,
To borrowe man's soule from blame,
INTERLUDe or THE WORLD AND T7n CUYLDvs
Hast thou any friends, sayd Robyn,
Thy borrowes that will be?
A LYTEL GISTE OF ROBYN HOD.
BOssE (V.), a protuberance or raised work, used as
an ornament for a shield, helmet, or on the furniture of a war horse.
A broche she bare upon her low colere
As brode as is the bosse of a bokelere.
CHAUCER..
Whose bridel rung with golden bells and baosei brave.
SPiNIRa's F. QUEEN.
BOTHERREDE, joint counsel or advice; a conjunction of both their rede or counsel,
And after, by her bother. redo4
A ladder they set the hall to,
ROM. OF THE SEVEN SAGES.
BOTTOM     (S& botm), a ball of thread, wound round a
substance in the centre; a word still in use in the
Midland Counties.
Therefore as you unwind her love from him,
Lest it should ravel and be good to none,
You must provide to bottom it on me.
Two GNTrs. oF VnRONA..




118


'1$.Av* GLOSSARIA'L ANID


Boumii (Goth. boen), to make ready, to prepare;
the word is still, retaixed by nautical men, a ship
being said to be lwwne to a particular place.
Dusk ye, heune ye, my merry men all.
ROBIN HOOD AND Guy 0p Gissoarxz.
And when our parish massec was done,
Our king was &oune to dine.
SIR CAULINEC.
BOURN (F. borne), a boundary; a river or piece of
water is also so called, from its dividing cone place
from another, and therefore a boundary to each.
I was weary of wazsd'ring, and went me to rest
Undei a brode bancke by a bournse side.
P. PLOWMAN.
No bourn 'twixt his and eine.
WZNTER's TALL.
B3OUTE wix, (F.), an incendiary; but, figuratively,
a sower or strife or dissention.
But we Who only do infuse
The rage in them, like bte fems.
BO0WER (S. bwr), an old word for a chamber oir
apartment in a house,
What, Allson, here's thou not Absalon
That clwntetb thus uader our, ouwes al I
CHAUVCNR'5' XIILLX R's TAaN,1
I know th~ou had'st rather
Follow thine eeamy *t a fiery guWph
Than Oatter hims Ina At wer.
CORIOLANUS.
B*A~oK (0. F. braelse), a bitch houned or setter; ow~
who tzace by the scent.
I'd rather bear my lady braok howl ian Wrsh,
I1 PART K. HaN. Ir.
BRACKET (Br. bregad), a sweet drink, Composed of
ale sad honey, spiced.




ETYMIOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


119


Her mouth was sweet as bracket or the meth.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
BRAIDE (S. abredan), in its earliest signification,
meant to draw or pull out, spread or set at large,
from hence to be abroad and the various uses of
the word broad as implying extension is derived;
in a more extended sense, it signified to strike or
tear off.
The ape though clodys and also hys scheet
brayde off his pappes.
RoM. or Oct. leP.
And smoot Alisaundre thorough the cors,
And braided hym down to knee.
RoM. or K. ALISAUNDRg.
With that her kercher of her head she braide.
CHAUCER'S REVE'S TALE.
BRAIED, awoke from sleep.          See " Abrayde."
And with the fall out of her sleepe she braied,
Helpe, holy cross of Bromholm! she saide.
IsBo.
BRAND (S. brand), a burning coal or lighted stick;
also (0. F. brande), a burnished sword.
-   Have I caught thee
He that parts us shall bring a brand from heaven
And fire us both.                         K. LKAR.
Eftsoons he pierced through his dhauffed chest
With thrilling point of deadly iron brand.
SPENSBR'S F. QUBEW.
BRANDER (Teut. brander), a gridiron.
Then fresher fish shall on his brander bleez.
RAMSAY'S POBMs.
BRANSLE (F. branler), a brawl or dance, in which
men and women, holding by the hands, sometimes
formed a ring, and at others moved length-wise
altogether.
Now making lays of love and lovers' paine,
Bransles, ballads, virelays, and verses vaie..
SPENslUR'S F. QUEEN.




120


A GLOSSARIAL AND


BRA&T (s. burstan), burst, broken.
----    She loveth Arcite so,
That when that he was absent any'throwe
Anon here thought her herte brast a two.
CHAVcER.
That with the straint his wesand nigh he brast.
SPENSER'S F. QUBEN.
BRATT (Br. brllt), a covering       for the body, perhaps somewhat resembling a carter's frock or
child's pinafore, which is much in the fashion of
that garment, and is in Wales still called a bratt.
---- For nei had they but a shete
Which that they might wrappen him in a night,
And a bratte to walken in a day light.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO YEOMAN'S TALE.
BRAVERY (F. braverie), fine shewy gaudy apparel.
Another layeth all his living upon his backe,
Judging that women are wedded to braverie.
LYv's Euv iitrse.
Where youth and cost and witless bravery keeps.
MEASURE FOR MEASURE.
BRAWL (F. branler), an ancient kind of dance, said
to be somewhat like the modern cotillion.
'Tis a French brawl, an apish imitation.
MASSINGER'S PICTURE.
Master, will you win your love with a French brawl?
LOVE'S LABOUR LOST.
BRAWN FALLEN, brawn, now signifying the prepared
flesh of a boar, is of uncertain etymology, but it
also implies bulk and muscular strength. The present word has reference to the chap of the boar, of
which brawn is usually made, and is equivalent to
chap fallen, a word still in use to indicate the




ETVMOLOGICALI DICTIONARY.


121


shrinking of the muscles of the face, and, flgttatively, to be dejected or out of spirits.
And lo t methought came gliding to my bed
The ghost of Pompey with a ghastly look,
All pale and brawn falen.
O. P. CoaXsmuA
BRAY (S. braean), to pound, grind, or beat to
pieces.
I'll burst him, I will bray
His bones as in a mortar.
CHAPMAN'S ILIAD.
Nor bray'd so often in a mortar,
Can teach you wholesome sense and nurture.
HUDIBRAS.
BRAZEN HEAD. Roger Bacon, a celebrated English
philosopher, who flourished in 1240, was by the
vulgar supposed to have made a brazen head, which
foretold future events, and repeated time is, time
was, &c.    Gower, however, attributes the magic
head to Robert Grostete, bishop of Lincoln, who
lived cotemporary with Bacon. The fable was in
the days of superstition believed, and it still continues a tale of the nursery.
For of the grete clerke Grostete
I rede how busy that he was,
Upon the clergie an bed of brae
To forge, and make it for to teUe
Of such things as befelle.
GowBa's CON. AM.
Quoth he, my head's not made of brass,
As Friar Bacon's noddle was.
HUDIBSAs.
BREAD and SALT.        These things were of old eaten
together, previous to taking an oath, as an addition
to its solemnity; and to swear by bread and salt
M




122


A, A 0LO5AR1UAJL AND,, i


waa a common oath at a very early period, and
down to the time of Queen Elizabeth.
Have I strong hoore? by bread and salte.
O. P. GAMMER GURToN'S NEEDLE.
He took bread and salt by this light, that he would never open
hias lips
0. P. THE HONEST WHORI.
BRatEK    (8. btae), breeches, a word still in use in
a ludicrous or vulgar sense.        It is necessary to
observe, in illustration of the quotation, that before
the invention of braces, this lower garment was
fastened up by a thong, or, as the song says, a
whang of leather.
The bridegroom gaed thro' the reel,
And his breeks came trodling doun;
And aye the bride she criedTie up your leathern whang.
OLD SCOT'S SONG.
BREME (S. brem), fierce, cruel, sharp, furious.
He was ware of Arcite and Palamon,
That foughten, breme as it were, bulls two.
CHAUCBR's KNIGHT'S TALB.
When he wyst of my wretched fare,
He came lyke a breme beare.
SIR AMADAS.
BREN, BRENT (brennen), to burn, burnt.
The fires brenne upon the auter clere,
While Emelie was thus in her praiere.
CHAUCER.
What flames, quod he, when I thee present see
In danger rather to be drent than brent.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
BRENTFORD, JULIAN or GILLIAN              of, was an old
woman, residing at Brentford, who had the credit, of being a witch; she is frequently alluded to by
the early @ramatists in no very creditable terns.




IBYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.                   123
I doubt that old hag Gillian of Braineford has bewitched me.
WESTWARD HOi.
What can be made of Summer's Last Will and Testament? Such
another thing as Gillian of Brayneford's will.
SUMMER'S LAST WILL, &C.
Shakspeare alludes to the same person, in his
Merry Wives of Windsor.
He cannot abide the old woman of Brentford; he swears she
is a witch.
MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR.
BRETFUL, full to the top, a word of uncertain etymology.
-     This house in all times
Was full of shipmen and pilgrims
With scrips bretful of lesings.
CHAUCER'S 3RD BOOZ OP FAMl.
With a face so fat as a full bleddere,
Blowen bretful of breath.
P. PLOWMAN's CRmDJ.
BRawis (S. briw), broth, bread soaked in fat pottage.
When he has a good tast,
And eaten wel a good repast,
And soupyd off the brouwys a sope.
ROM. OF RICH. CcBUR D1 LloN.
What an ocean of brewis shall I swim in.
BEAUMONT AND FLETCHER'S DIOCLESIAN.
BRIDALE (S. bryd and eale), a feast given on the
ceremony of a marriage.
Seven days ylyke hyt leste,
The bridale and the dubbyng feste.
ROM. o OF OC. lP..
At every bridale wold he singe and hoppe,
He loved bet the tavern than the shoppe.
CHAUCER.
BRIEF (L. brevis), an abstract or descriptive writing,
from hence the term applied in law to the case of
the suitor placed in the hands of a barrister to prosecute or defend. Butler calls it a breviate.
M2




1 24


A- GLG83AR4AL A"W


The band- of time
Shall draw this brief into as huge a vol*Me.
K. JonN.
On which be blew as strong a Ievet
As well feed lawyer on his breviute.
HUDIRRAS.
BRINDED (S. brennan), burnt, the different shades
produced by the action of sing-eing, marked with
streaks.
Thrice the brirzded cat hath mew'd.
MACBETH.
-She tamed the brinded lioness
And spotted mountain pard.
Mxivoie.
B~izE (S. brioze), a stinging' fly, called the gad By
or horse By.
The 6reeee upon hs%~ fis a cow in June,
Hoists saos and Welps
Awn.9 ANID CLAMo.
The leared writs an insect brqeeme
Is but a mongrel prince of bees.  UBAt
BROACH (F. broche), a spit; also, to pierce with a
spiit or other pointed weapon.
I'll broach the tadpole on my rapier's point.
TIT. ANDROkJCV5.
Broacls'd with the steely point of Cliflbrd's lance.
3 PAaT K. Hait. ni.
BROCAGE (F. broggour), illicit gain, gotten by pro-.
curation, the wages of a pimp.
HRe woeth her by mennes brocage,
And swore he woid been her own Mae.
CHAUGXA'5S MzazLua's TAuE.
BROCK (S. broc), a badger, but used, like cur, as at
Iword of contempt; as, " to stink like a brock.",.
Msrry,, hang thýee brock I
Twxsv~m Nsoai.
BROG UE     (GAaol. brog), a     kiad -of shoe, rendered




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


125


durable with clout or hob-nails, worn chiefly by
rustics.
---  - I thought he slept, and put
My clouted brogues from off my feet, whose rudeness
Answer'd my steps too loud.
CYMBELINI.
BROKEN BEER, a cant term for beer, part of which
has been drank, as broken victuals signifies the residue of a feast.
p       He was very carefully carried at his mother's back, and there
fed with broken beer and blown wine daily.
THE BELOIC PISMIR.e
The Dutch come up like broken beer.
O. P. THs ORDINARY.
BROKER (0. F. broggour), a word formerly used to
signify a procuress or match maker between the
sexes.
Now, by my modesty, a goodly broker!
Two GENTS. OF VERONA.
And all brokers between pandars say amen!
TROI AND CRESS.
BROKKING     (from broken), in a tremulous manner,
throbbing.
He singeth brokking as a nightingale.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
BRUIT (F. bruite), rumour, report.
---- In few his death,
Being bruited once, took fire, and heat away
From the best temper'd courage in his troops.
2 PART K. HEN. IV.
BROWN BILL.        See ".Bill."
BROWNIST, a name given to the disciples of Robert
Browne, a celebrated Nonconformist in the time
of Queen Elizabeth; they were in those days the
constant objects of popular satire.
I had as lief be a Brownist as a politician.
TwELFtr  NIGHT.
M3




1^6


A CLOSSARIAL A;wO


BTiRT    YNGeE (8.), cutting up, carving.
Leave off bryttlynge of the deere, he sayde,
And to your bowys tayk good heed.
0. B. or Canvy CIACZ.
BUB (D. bobbelen), from its foaming and bubbling,
a low and ludicrous term for strong ale or other
potent liquor.
He loves cheap Port and double bub,
And settles in the humndrum club.
Palon.
BUJuKLX (F. bubulette), a red or inflamed pimple on
the face.
His face is all bubukles and whelks, and knobs and flames of
fire,
K. HEN. v.
BUCK (It. bucata), a lye made from ashes, used for
making a lather to wash linen; hence bucking is
the act of washing.
She washes bucks here at home.
2 PART K. HN. Iv.
Throw foul linen ipmn him, as if he were goint to bckiwg.
MKRRY WIVES OF WINDSOR.
BUCKLER (F. boucUler), a shield or pie&k of defensive armour, so called from its being buckled on
the arm. To throw down the bucklers, was a common expression to acknowledge superiority or a
de4laration of victory.
But now I lay the bwckkrs at thy feet.
0. P. MAY DAY.
Into whose hands she thrusts the weapons first, 'let him take
up the bucklers.
0. P. NEW WONDZR.
IBUCKLERSBURY, a street in London, leading from
Cheapside to Walbrook, which was anciently
inhabited by persons who sold dried herbs for




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


127


pharmaceutical and other purposes; such herbs
were called simples before medically compounded.
That come like women in men's apparel, and smell like Bucklerabury in simple time.
MERRY WIvEs oF WINDSOR.
BUFF, a light yellow colour. It appears from frequent allusions in the old dramatists, that serjeants
at mace, bailiffs, or sheriffs' officers uniformly wore
a costume of a buff colour.
----   A fellow all in buf
A back friend, a shoulder clapper.
COMEDY OP ERRORS.
For I have certain goblins in buffjerkins
Lie in ambuscado for him.
O. P. RAM ALLEY.
BUG (Br. bwgan), a bugbear, any ugly or frightful
object.
For all that here on earth we dreadful hold
Be but as bugs to fearen babes withal.
SPENSER'S F. QUEN.
----   Sir, spare your threats;
The bug which you would fright me with I seek.
WINTER'S TALE.
BULL.    To suck a bull was a proverb implying an
attempt to accomplish an absurd or impossible
thing--" as wise as Waltham's calf who went nine
miles to suck a bull."
Thou wilt at best bu% suck a bull
Or shear swine-all cry and no wool.
"               HUDIBaAS.
BULL BEGGAR, an insolent beggar, a sturdy thief;
a word used to terrify children, supposed a corruption of bold beggar, and of the same meaning as
bugbear.
To mark how like tre bull begarsr they stand.
O.P. Pearx fTNAs.




128


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Some odd wits forsooth will needs be accounted terrible bull
beggars, and the only kill cows of their age.
GABRIEL HARVEY'S FOUR LETTERS AND
CERTAIN SONNETS.
BUMBARD (L. bombarda), a cannon or piece of ordnance; also, a large black jack or vessel to hold
ale or other liquor.
Sodeynly, as it had thonder'd,
Even at a clap losed her bumberd.
O. P. THE FOUR P'S.
Besides the great black jacks and bombards at the court, which
when the Frenchmen first saw, they reported that Englishmen
used to drink out of their boots.
PHILOCOTHONISTA.
BURD, the beard.        See "Barber."       The hospitality
of the ancient barons is alluded to in the proverbial
distich.
Swith merry hit is in halle
When the burdis waven alle.
ROM. oF K. ALISAUNDRE.
Or, as Ray gives it, in more modern language.
'Tis merry in hall
When beards wag all.
BURGANET       (F. bourginote), a species of helmet.
Arm'd with their greaves and maces and broad swords,
Proof cuirasses and open burganets.
O.P. THE PFoU  APPRENTICES OF LONDON.
And from thy burgonet I'll rend thy bear.
2 PART K. HEN. VI.
BURGEON      (F. bourgeonner), to spring, to bud, to
swell by encreased growth.
"And tools to prune the trees before the pride
Of hasting prime did make them burgein round.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN..  O that I had the fruitful heads of Hydra,
That one might burgeon where another fell.
DRYDEN.
BURLED, armed, a word of uncertain derivation.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


129


Her little childe turned up the face,
Slain of a serpent, in the self place
Her taile burled with scales.
LYDGATE'S HIST. OF TaRBBS.
BURNET, a sort of woollen cloth.
In token of mourning, barbed the visage,
Wimpled eche one in burnet weeds.
IBID.
A bumette cote hong therewithall,
Furred with no minivere.
CHAUCER'S ROM. OP TRI Rosm.
BUSK, to prepare, to make ready; of uncertain deriv'ation, but probably, says Todd, from busque,
an ancient part of female attire, and if that is the
case, it might be so called from       the busk being
made of wood.
Bwke ye, bowne ye, my merry men all.
RoxBI HooD AND Guy OF GIBSoaNX.
When Triamour was whole and sound,
And well healed of his wound,
He busked him to fare.
Sin TRIASLovR.
BUSKINS (F. brodequin), a kind of half boot, covering both the foot and up to the middle of the leg,
principally worn by tragic actors on the stage;
the sock or low common shoe was worn by comedians, hence the words became in use to signify
tragedy and comedy, the distinguishing marks of
each being a sock or a buskin.
DBwkins he wore of costliest cordewayne,
Pinkt upon gold.
SPBNsaa's P. VQuIN.
Or what, though rare of later age,
Ennobled hath the bukin'd stage.
MILTON.
BUSK POINTS, the tags or points of the lace used by




130


A -iL08SARIAL AND


ladies in fastening their stays over the busk to keep
them straight.
0 I think thou meanest him that made nineteen sonnets of
his mistress's busk points.
0. P. LINGUA.
Ye borrow of art to cover your busk points.
0. P. THs WIDOW'S TEARS.
BUSKY (F. bosquet), woody, shaded with trees.
How bloodily the sun begins to peer
Above yon busky hill
1 PART K. HEN. Iv.
I know each lane, and every alley green,
Dingle and bushy dell of this wild wood,
And every bosky bourn from side to side.
MILTON'S COMs.
BUTT SHAFT, an arrow to shoot at butts with. In
most towns in England, in the days of archery, a
spot in the vicinity was appropriated for the exercise of the bow, hence the name of Brentford Butts,
Newington Butts, &c.
Cupid's butt shaft is too hard for Hercules' club.
LOVE's LABOUR Losn.
Shot through the ear with a love song; the very pin of his
heart cleft with the blind bow boy's butt shaft.
ROMEO AND JULIBT.
BUXOM (S. bucsum), lowly, obedient, jolly, good
humoured, easily yielding to another's wish
My dear wife, I thee beseke
As be to every wight burom and meke.
CHAUCER.
I, without noise or cry,
My plaint make all bu.romly.
GOWnR's CON Am.
BYSsE (F. bysse), a species of linen like lawn or
cambric.
-   He was eke so delicate
Of his clothing, that every daie
Of purpro and byase hlie made him gale.
IBIO.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


131


C.
CABAL (F. cabale), the secret science of the Jewish
rabbins; also, any party of men united together
for the purpose of plotting or intriguing.
For mystic learning, wond'rous able
In magic, talisman, and cabal.
HUDIBRAS.
Set up committees of cabals,
To pack designs without the walls.
IBID.
CABBAGE (F. caboche).          This vegetable was-lot
originally a native of the soil of England, but was
imported from Holland.
He has received weekly intelligence,
Upon my knowledge, out of the low countries,
For all parts of the world in cabbages.
BEN JONSON'S VoLPOwNf.
CABLE HATBAND. The hatband was formerly a
distinguished ornament with the higher classes of
society, not unfrequently adorned with gold, and
of curious workmanship; the cable hatband was so
called from its rope-like manufacture, and was
about 1600 very fashionable.
I had on a gold cable hat band, then new come up, of massie
goldsmith's work.
EVERY MAN OUT or His HUMORa.
More cable, till he had as much as my cable hatband to fence him.
O. P. ANTHONIO AND MELLIDA.
CACO DEMON (Gr.), an evil or mischievous spirit, a
devil.
Hie thee to hell for shame and leave this world,
Thou caco demont
K. RicnARD n.i.




132


-,.A 6HI65AIHANL ANbOji,;


Nor was the dog, eaco demon,
But a true dog, that would shew tricks
For th' emperor, and leap o'er sticks.
HtDIBRAS.
CAqZrs, a kind of narrow       tape made of worsted,
usually worn as garters by the common people,
in the time of Queen Elizabeth.
Wilt thou rob this leathern jerkin, chrystal button, nott pated,
agat ring, puke stocking, caddie garter &c.
1 PART K. HzN. Iv.
He hath ribbons of all colours of the rainbow, tnkles, caddisses, &c.
WINTa'S TALB.
CADE (L. eadus), a small cask or barrel in which
herrings are usually packed.
We, John Cade, so termed of our supposed father,
-or rather of stealing a cade of herrings.
2 PART K. HEN. vs.
John, or as he was more familiarly called, Jack
Cade, to whom the foregoing quotation refers,
headed the Kentish men in a rebellion, in the reign
of Henry VIth. and after many cruelties and acts
of oppression committed by him and his followers,
he was slain by Alexander Eden or Iden, a gentleman of Kent, in whose garden, in Sussex, he
was found concealed.
CADENT (L. cadene), falling.
With cadent tears fret channels in her cheeks.
K. LaAs.
CADGY, the cheerful merriment which is induced by
feasting, from the Scotch caigie, cheerful, merry.
My docter.s shoulthers he 'gue to clap,
And cadgil ranted and sang.
0. B. THE GAssRLVNZIN MAN.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*


133


CAITIFF (F. chelif). This word originally meant a
captive, afterwards a slave, and by implication a
person of base character., a villain.
Huge numbers lay
0W ceiti-ve wretcheod th~ali.
SPxxsER's F. QUERN.
I went to this pernicious caitif deputy.
MEASURE FOR MWV.ssX.
A caitif recreant to my cousin Hereford.
K. RICHARD 11.
ICALCULIE (F. calculer), to numerate, reckon, or cast
accounts, so called from the Latin calculi) small
stones anciently used in counting or,,,computing,
from hence is derived the word calculate..
That In the ninth spere considered Is,,
VAul sotily he caiculed all this.
CHAUCER.
The ginez*i calcule'w'hich was made in the last perambulatoio
eaceeded eight nailions.
HOWELL'S DoDoNA'S GROVE.
CALDESED, a word coined by Butler, signifying the
fraud practised under pretence of 'divining future
events,. or, in modern language, fortune telling.
Ashamed that men so iearn'd and wige
Should be caWea'd by gnats and files.
BUTLERL'S REMAINs.
He stole your coat and pick'd your pocektý
Clsous'd and celdeed you like a blockhead.
CL ER,(F. calibre), a hand-gun or harquebuse.
Pdt me a celieer into Waft's hand, Bardoiph.
I PART K. H". IT.
CALLAN., of no certain etymology, alad or stripl-ing.
The callant gap'd and glowr'd aboutt
But no se word could he-lug out.
1LAMeahy' J?0ZMs.
N




- AA4R1AIA&R


The niver fresh, the caller strmnis
Over rocks can swiftly rin.
'CALLET, of doubtful derivation, but said to be front
the French calete, a cap worn by country girls;
the word is.used to denote a scold, or a loose or
Inttttous woman.
Gogs bxed! end thinks the callet thus to keep the neele rme fro.
0. P. GAMMERt GtYRTON'S NEEDLE.
*A calleD of boundless tosugue.
WINTER's TAis.
Contemptuous base born celleD as she is.
2. PART K. HIMs. VI.
&ILV'D.     See " Cave."'9
CAMELINE (F. camelot); from camel, a stuff originally manufactured of silk and 'Camels' hair, but
afterwards wool was substituted for the latter; -it
was subsequently called camnela -and uow camlet.
And anon dame Abstinence streined,,
T** " wr obe of csstliae.,
And gan her gratche as a Begine.
CI!AUCBR.
CAMELOT, thq ancient name of;t tiownj Si omerset-~
shire now called Camel; it was forinerly famous
for the breed of geese, which were fed on the
adjacent mnom.                      Pan
Seoset, it I b"Yen up"on W pfv
Vd drive you cackling back ta Camelot.
K. LEAft.
CAMKRADE (F. 64niar'ade, fr~~m'L. camrn*a, a chamiber.), one 4bat'inhabits 'the same chamber with,*ob;,a  oon, COmp~ntQu p~r bospg    frieod,, sipee
corrupted ta comra~de.
Cemmeradee w#hbir an  stdgae     his design.




STYMOLOGICAL -DIM. ONARY. O 3


1-35


CIAMrS (It. camosue), a thina dress
And was ycla4, for hMat of scorehing air.,
All in a silken camn=, lilly white.
KPKgNsSRa' F. QUzuN.
CAMISADO (It. camisa), a suxdden assault or surprize of the enemy, so called from a shirt or
covering- in, the form of one, worn over armour
by soldiers, to distinguish them from the enemy.
For I this day will lead the forlorn hope,
The camisado shall be given by me.
0. P. 'FHBc Fouat AprRaNTlCES or LoSwoir.
CA MOIJs (F. camu~s), depressed, crooked, flat nosed.
Round was his face and camsssed his nose.
CRAL#CZR'5 MILLXR's TALD.
Her nose somdele hoked
And eszew.4sy iroked.   KT' PRE
CAN, a word in frequent- use with oldi authors for
'gan, a contraction for began.
Much can they praise the trees so straight and high.
Sw31sxRsa' F. QUuRw.
And many bards that to the trembling cord
Can tune their timely voices.
CANAK1I4 (the diminutive of can,), a small drixalikie
tnor cup.An
Adlet me the canahim clink.
CANARY, a dance haying a.quiek and lively' measure,
and so called, from its being a favourite amusement
of. the iiatives df the Canary Islands; Also, the
iname of a sweet wine made there, called also sack.
-And make you dance Canerp,,,
With spiigfl* 42*6 ind itmuos.
ALL'S Wsas. TSEA? UWDS WXL&.a.
QWklgt, thou lov'st a cup of Canavy..




136


A GLOSSARIAL AND


CANCELLEER (F. chancellor), a terma applied to the
turning of a hawk on the wing, to regain or recover its position, after missing its aim in an attack
on its prey.
Nor with a falcon fetch a cancelleer.
WEzvBR's EPIo.
Full swift she flew, till coming near
Carthage, she made a chancelleer
And then a stoop.
COTTON'S VIRG. TRAV.
CANDLE HOLDER.        Before the introduction of the
modern candlestick (derived from the Saxon candel sticca, and literally a stick so fashioned as to
-bold a candle), the custom was to have the candle
held by a person appointed for that purpose,
called a candle holder, and hence the term became
prOverbial to signify an idle spectator.
I'll be a candle holder, and look on.
RoxMoO AND JVLET.
A candle holder sees most of the game.
i        RATr' PaovBaBs.
CANDLE WASTER, one that consumes candle by
sitting up late at night, generally spoken of a
drunkard or spendthrift, but B. Jonson so denominates a plodding student.
* Pateh grief with proverbs, mak miefortune drunk with
oandle wasters.
MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING.
Spoil'd by a whoreson book worm, 4 candle waster.
BUN JONSON'S CYNTHIA's RBEVLS.
CANIONS or CANONS (F. canon), boot hose or cases
to envelop the legs, a fashion imported from France,
and much in vogue in the time of Ch'arles I.   See
"Port Canon."




19TYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.    13


I"


'Ins p4t thou wsst ever bred to be thrust through a pair of
camnioiw.
0. P. Moax Dhasxmigaas axnIuDs Wouzr.
And as the French we conquered once
Now give us laws for pantaloons,,
The length of breechet and of githerd,,
Port ceannos, perriwigs, and fdathers.
ifUnlRAS.
CANT (the diminutive of cantle), a corner or niche.
T7he first and principal person in the teiplie was Peace; she
was placed aloft in a cant.
B. JonsoN'S CORONATIONr ENTRRTAJNXMNT.
CANTICLE (S. cantic), a song or division of a poem.
The end whereof sand dangerous event
Shall for another centJiel be spared.
SPXSNssas F. Quzavx.
CANTLE, a piece of any thing having corners or angles; also,, a fragment; derived either from the
Dutch kant, a corner, or the French' chante?, a
piece of any thing. The word 'is used by old
writers in both senses.
For Nature hath not taken his beginning
Of no partle ne cantel of a thing.
CEAVC2NR.
see bow this river comes me crankling in,
And cuts me from the best ofali my la"d;
A huge half moon, a monstrous cmstle out.
I PfAdv IL. SlM. IV.
The gredtar esntle of the world In lost
*h *ý fnoftee.  Awms. AND CaNOPATRA.
CAP OF 4AINTENANPUD a. cap of a peculiar form,
borne by an officer of a corporatio~n, on particular
solemnities, befQre the mayors of several cities in
England, and especially the Lord Mayor of. Lon-.
don, on his anurrft procession, to Westminster
Hall to bo sworn in office.
'N3




138


A CLOSSARIAL AND


Then, sir, if the cp of maintenance do march before me,
and not a cap be suffer'd to be worn in my presence, pray do
not upbraid me with my former poverty.
O. P. New WONDEt, A WOMAN NEvex VuXT.
CAPARISON (from the Spanish caparazon, a cloak),
the dress worn by a man.
With die and drab I purchas'd this caparison.
WINTER'S TALE.
Don't you think, though I am caparisoned like a man, I have
a doublet and hose in my disposition.
As You LIKE IT.
CAPERDEWSIE, a word not to be found in any other
author but Butler, and probably one of his own
coining.    It is suggested by a late editor of his
works, that it is derived from     the Scotch capper,
to lay fast hold of, and dourlie, the leg; it is used
to signify the stocks.
"There engage myself to loose ye,
And free your heels from caperdewsie.
HUDIBRAW.
CAPITULATE       (derived   from   the Latin caput, the
head), according to its modern acceptation, is to
surrender, and the terms upon which it is made is
called a capitulation; but Shakspeare uses it as
"m aking head'' by confederacyI
And what say you tothis? Percy, Northumberland,
The Archbishop's Grace of York, Douglas, Mortimer
Capftulte against us and are up.
1 PART K. HNa. iv.
CAPOcHab (from       the French capice or the Italian
"capt*cio), a   `nohk's hood or cowl; also, to cover
"as with a hood, and, figuratively, to blind or hoodwink.
Capoch'd your rabbins with a synod,
And snapp'd their canons with a why not?
HuDnIRAs.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


139


CAPRICIO (It. capriccio), a freak, whim, or giddy
humour, a fantastical conceit, from         whence caprice is derived.
Will this capricio hold in thee?-art sure?
ALL's WELL THAT ENDS WELL.
Quoth Hudibras, 'tis a caprich
Beyond the infliction of a witch.
HUDIBRAS.
CAPRIFOLE      (L. caprifolium), the       honeysuckle or
woodbine.
With wanton ivie twine entrayled athwart,
And eglantine and caprifole among.
SPENSRan's F. QuExN.
CAPUCCIO (It.), a hood, cowl, or capuchin.
That at his back a brode capuccio had.
IBID.
CAPUL (Br. kefel), a horse.
A sword and a dagger he had by his side,
Of many a man the bane;
And he was clad in a capul hyde,
Top, and taile, and mayne.
RoiN HOOD AND Gu or GissoaRNE.
CARDIACLE (F. cardiaque), pain or indisposition of
the heart.
But wel I wote thou dost my heart to yearn,
That I have almost caught a ceardiack.
CRAUcRa's. DE. or PaYsIca's TALE.
CARDICUE (a corruption of quart d'ecu), the fourth
part of a French crown, of the value, says Cotgrave, of eighteen pence.
I could never finger ofe cardicue of her bounty.
0. P. MoNslira D'OLsvs.
Give her a cardicue, 'tis royal payment.
FPLEaTcER's NOBLE GENTLXMAn.
Shakspeare gives the true spelling--
Sir, for a quart d'ecu he will sell the fee simple of his salvation.
ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL.




140.


'.A. GLOSSARIAL AND'


CAUELtYS' (F. cativole); a dance by nMhhy perons;
also, a Christmas song or cartil
Many carellys and prete daulis"ig
On every side he herde syngyng.
SIR CLEGES.
No night is now with hymn or carol blest.
MIDS. NIGHT'S DREAM.
CARY. (S. carc), care, anxiety.
-e down did l*y
His heavy head, devoid of careful care.
SPaCSZRs'S F. 4JUEEN.
CARKANET (F. carcan), a chain for the neck, a neckl Iace made of jewels or precious stones.
&Ared ha:r6, hung full of spariling carcatidea,
Are ndt the U*~e adoftmiesU 6f a *I*t.
MASSsNGSma's CITY MADAM.
I bespoke thee,, Luce,, a carkanet of gold.
0.?P. Ta* LOZIDON PRODIGAL.
Say that I linger'd with you at your shop,
To see the masking of her carkanset.
-,             COMEIDY OF ERRORS.
C~su (S s~1),a rustic or mis~er, but uisually mean.&
ino- a rough uncivilized or boorish man1 n-ow denominated a dkUt-1.
HIls knave wits a str~ong earl for the nones.
'TO 6*rIw to Mdtunts td tttt1duei elhat
Lv'mytclore.
SIUNLINEZ AND 90LAN-iNi.
or could thilk ecwt
A very drudge of Wature'sj, have subdued me.
CYM5EZLIVXE.
C.ALIN. (fromr   Mtltte)            a otrptuous appellation
for a women. tt
Cosfat: hot nomt, e
B. JONeoNs's MAGNSTIc LADY.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


141


CARLOT (from carl), a rustic; in this sense only does
Shakspeare use the word.
He hath bought the cottage and the bounds
That the old carlot Once was master of.
As You LiXa IT.
CARP (L. carpo), to cavil or find fault, and formerly
also signifying to jest.
In felowship then could she laugh and carpe.
CHAUCIR.
His mouth a poisonous quiver, where he hides
Sharp venom'd arrows, which his bitter tongue
With squibs carps, jests, unto their objects guides.
PFLTCHtBRa' PaRPLB ISLAND.
- This your all licens'd fool
Doth hourly carp and quarrels, breaking forth
In rank and not to be endured;iot.
K. LEAR.
CARPET    KNIGHTS, an order of knighthood, called
knights of the carpet, was instituted in the reign
of Queen Mary.         Mr. Anstis is of opinion     that
they were a species of knights of the bath without
any additional title, and that " carpet knights,"
was not their proper name, but given them by the
popular voice, from the honour being conferred on
members of the clerical and other peaceable professions; both the order and the knights were the
object of contempt and ridicule by the writers of
the period of its institution.
--- You are women,
Or at the best loose carpet knights.
MAssINOtr's MAID or HONOUR*
Now looks my master just like one of our carpet klights, only
be is somewhat the honester of the two.
0. P. Tax HONEST WsoLA.
CAROCHE.      See " Coach'"




142-1


142A, 0 LOSSA RJAL, AND',


CAusxuoK81 distioguishing         marks of chawacter.; sri
inscription or thing written.
A token of Antichrist they be,,
His carrecks being made wide l-now.
CHAUCER'S PLOWMAN'~s TALE.
It was by necromancy,
By careetes and conjuration. 8KLOSPNS
Even so may Angelo
In all his dressings, elaaracls, titlesj, fornid,
Be an arch villain.
MEASURE FRo MEASURE.
CARRY COALS. This phrase signified the bearing of'
injuries or affronts with patience, and was indi..
cative of a cowardly disposition; it is t *o be found
in the old writers long previou,. to the'reign of
Charles!1. up to which period it remained in use,.
but afterwards appears to have been discon~ti nued.
The origin of it is lost in obscurity.,
Take heed, Sir Puntarvolo, what you do; he'll bear no coals.
xEunir MAW Ot" oir Mei Euset..
A"d yet tpk. heed you swear by no man's bMs4 but, yoag ovn,.
for that may breed a quarvel 1 above al things YOU nwAUt carry no
0. P. MAY DAY.
we will bear no coals, I warrant you.
NASu'a N1AvVI WITV Ye yo9 g
SAFFRON WALDEN.
CARVEL     (F. caraveile), a light v e'ssel or smalbu
then, formerly used by the Spaniards. and' it'r u-.
6u Sh*e may spare mee her Moben and her bonnets, strike her
main petticoab andylet ouatml mie: I ato & cW*el to her.
NXAVsWVt AN," FLEmicau's WIT WITHOUT.MoNEY.
It ~dwasgcom
ýTO see the Sp*Ma.iavge vashe tvl
Hak'wdbi'Va76   MiAxa a4i~r i'TV*Wk




ZTYMOWOGICAL DICTIONARY.                     143
CAawlTcwRr, of unicertain derivaition, a whim or
crotchet, or probably a species of wit of the. iovundru~m kind or play upon words.
He has all sorts of echoes, rebuses,, &c. besides cerwitchete,,
clinches, aUnd quibbles.
BUTLER'S CHRARACTERS.
That's one of Master ILittlewit's cerawitehets, now.'
B..IONSON'S BARTHOLOMaW FASH.
CA SEMATgE (F. ekasmate), the loop hole of a fortidled
place from    whence shot is discharg,,ed, or in -fortification, a place in a ditch made for the purpose
of' annoying the assailants.
Our caesmetes, cavaliers, and counterscarps
Are well survey'd by all our engineers.
0. P. THE. Foua AppREUNTICENS OF LomDOx.
CAIssocl( (F. caaaqise), a lows coat, formerly wrorn
by soldiers.
He will never come within the sign of it, the sight of a
eaoemk,, or a musket-rest again.
Evxity MANv Ix His Humova.
Half of the which (i. e. soldiers) dare not shake the snow from
off their camels,, lest they shake themselves to pieces.
ALL'S WELL TEAT EI%'DS WRLN.
CASTE, tO purpose., to contrive; thus, to caet about.,
is to seek out means to accomplish any thing; in
this seuse the word is now rarely used.
We schaLl hit make as we hit found.,
For we beth mazouns queint of caste.
ROsN. OF TRs SEVENT SANS.
Then -closely as he might he ecast to leave
The court., &c.
StEsima'S F, Qpwsw.
As a fox, with hot pursuit
Chas'd titough a wmdsi, cot* 0out
To save his predit.




144


1A& GLOSSARIAL AND


CASTELET (0. F.), a smallt castle or turret on the
walls of fortiited places.
Whilom was Rome bildyn about,,
With seven soudans beset,
Wal, and gate, and castelet.
ROM. OF THK SEVKN SAGBS.
CASTING BOTTLE, a bottle containing perfumed
water, used at the toilette, and particularly by
barbers to    anoint the hair and     beard of their
customers.
Why is there not a cushion-cloth of drawn work
Or some fair cut work pin'd up in my bed chamber,
A silver and gilt casting bottle hung by't?
0. P. WOMEN BEWARE OF WOMEN.
Now as sweet and neat as a barber's casting bottle.
INDUCTION TO O.P. OF ANTONIO
AND MELLIDA.
CATADUPE      (F. catadoupe), a cataract or fall of
water, more especially applied to the falls of the
Nile and also to the inhabitants near them, who
are said to become deaf from the constant noise.
As I remember the Egyptian catadupes never heard the roaring
of the fall of Nilus, because the noise was so familiar to them.
0. P. LINGUA.
CATAIAN, a native of China, Cataia being the old
nirie' given to China; but the word sightifies a
sharper or ingenious thief, the Chinese being supposed adepts at trickery.
I will not believe such a Cataian, though the priest of the
town commended him for a true man.
MsaRR Wlvae OF WINDSOR.
CATAPUCE (F.), an old name for two species of
plants, the palma christi and the garden spurge;
the former called the greater and the latter the less.




STYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


145


'Or els of allebor that groweth there,
Of catapuee or of gaitre bertes.
CHAuCXR's NoNNrss Pauss's TAz..
CATEL (L. oatalla), valuable things, of whatever description; goods, and sometimes signifying money
or provision.    The law    term  chattel has still the
same meaning.
Swilke fowale as we bought yesterday
For no cqtel gete I may.
RoM. oP Ricn. 'CIUmR n LloN.
Al her caMel then was spent.
AMIS AND AMILOUN.
CATER COUSIN, a corruption of the French quatre
cousin, and generally mentioned in ridicule of the
folly of claiming remote consanguinity.
His master, said he (saving your worship's reverence), they
are scarce cater cotuins.
MaRCHANT 0F VXNICe.
CATES (Goth. hate), viands, or food of a delicate
taste and savour.
My super dainty Kate, for dainties are all #ates.
TAMING oF A SHanw.
The dearest estes are best.
BVRTON'S ANAT. or MBLAN~HOLY.
CAT IN PAN. To turn cat in pan is a proverbial
expression, signifying a changing sides in religion
or politics. It has been suggested that it should'
be cate, the old word for cake, which, being baked
and consequently turned in the pan, aptly elucidates the meaning of the proverb.
Damon smatters as well as he, of eraftie philosophic,
And can tourne cat in the panne very pretilie.
O.P. DAMON AND PYTaAs.
0




144


I A 4L0&SARAAL AWR,


Who* George in pudding time came o'er,
And moderate raen look'4 big, sirI
I *ern'd a tweli dpan osce more.,
And so become a Whig, sit.
OLD Boied, ThU VIASa OF 18RAT.
CATLINGN' (i. e. cat'tzne8),, the strings of a viohin or
lute, they being fornetly made of the intestines of
a cat, and usually called cat.-gut.
What niusick there will be In him after Hector has knocked
out his brains I know not, but I am sure none, unless the
fiddler ApqIllo get his sinews to make cattings of.
Taoi. AND CUNSSIDA.
CATOUR (F. aclaeter), a caterer; one who. buys or
provides food and other necessaries for any public
est ablishment.
A gentle manciple there was of the temple,
Of which all catours might taken ensample.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO THE MAN1eCPLE'5 TALE.
CATSO (ft. caftare), one who obtains money or
other goods by fraud or begging. CJatzerie is the
offence
And so cunningly temperize with this cunning catso.
0. P. WILY BEGUILECD.
Who when he speajcs, grunts like a hog, 'and looks like one
thtlt is emsployed in catzerie.
0. P. -TUX Jaw OF MALTA.
CAVALIER (F.), sometimes called a double bastion,
is, in fortification, a mound of earth raised in a
fortress to mount a piece of ordnance, to oppose
the enemy's approaches.
Our casemates, caveiftrs and coumtersearpa
Are well survey'd, &C.
0. P. Tux FOUR APPRENTICES OF LoNDoiN.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


147


CAVALIER (F. eavlier), in its original sense meant
a horseman, and by implication a gentleman; as
an adjective, it denoted the qualities of courage,
loyalty, and fidelity, mixed with a degree of
haughtiness; according to this difinition it became
the party distinction of the royalists in the time
of Charles the First, in contradistinction to the
Roundheads, a name given to the republicans and
levellers of that period: though obsolete as to i~
primary signifcation, it is still in use to express an
arrogant, haughty, or supercilious demeanour.
For who is he whose chin is but enriched
With one appearing hair, that will not follow
These ouaed and choloe drawn oueevate to Prance?
K. HIN. v.
Presbyter Hollls the ftrt point should clear,
The second, Coventry the cavalier.
AND. MARVXLL.
As fit, a when at frst they were,
Reveal'd against the cavalier.
HUDIBRAS.
CAVe (F.eaver), to hollow, a word still used in the
Midland Counties to signify the fissures made in
the earth by the separation of its parts; and in this
sense it illustrates a passage in Milton which has
been misunderstood.
The grassy clods now calv'd, now half appeal'd
The tawny lion.
PAR. LOST..
Under a steep hill's side it placed was,
There, were the mould'ring earth had caved the bank.
SPENslta's F. Quxlli.
CAVIARE (It. caviere), a delicate dish,, made of the
roes of the sturgeon and other fish. This foreign
delicacy is much ridiculed by the old dramatists.
a 2.




148


A GLOSSARIAL AND,


A man can. scarce put on a tuck't up cap,
A button'd frizado suit; scarce eat good meate,
Anchovies, caviare,, but he'ssatired.
0. P. WHAT YOU WILL.
Come, let us, go and taste some light dinner, a dish of sliced
caviaer or sq.
B. Jeresox's8 CYNTHIA'S5 RXVuis.
To feed on caeeare and sat eahehmies,
0. P. Tifas Mtrsus' Looxnwo GLASS.
C~AU DATE (L. caudatus), having a -tail.
How comate, crinite, ceudate stars are fram'd.
CAtITEL anldCAVTELOTJ5 (0. F. cautefle), a wile or
deceit, a crafty dev'ice or endeavour at cuotsenage,
andi sometimes it is used to express cautiorr or
wariness,
Perhaps he love$ you now,
And now no soil or cautet doth besmirch
The virtue of his will.
Swear priests and cowards and men cauteleswo
JuL. CUSAR..
Your son
Will or exceed the common, or be caught
With Metekou baits and practices,
CENPDALL (F. ccnda),, a rich silk.
Of cloth,. of tarse (i. e. tarsus), ap~d rlchq ceizde.
Guy oF WAtwicir.
UAWe With tafata and witha e*4d4M.
CHAUCER'S PRO.. TO C.. T..
C'UNSER (F. encenaoir), a vessel fpoll of holes from.,
whence ince~nse issues; a perfuming pan, anciently,
used by barbers to, dtry their cloths and perfume.
their room.
Like to a censer in a barber's shop.
TAMING OF A SEsaw.,
Of incense cloud&,
ýYMAIjrt rom golden cenrcga.




ETYMOfGIrCAIL DICTIIONARY.


149


CENSURE     (0. F. censure), in its primitive meaning,
implies advice, opinion, or judgment.
But from your censure shall I take much care
To adorn it with the fairest ornaments.
0. P. APPIUS AND VIRGINIA.
Madam, the king is old enough to give his censare.
2 PART K. Hax. w.
Madam, and you my mother, will you go
To give your censures on this weighty matter.
K. RICHARD III.
CEREMENT       (It. eeramento), cloth prepared         with
melted wax, and wrapped round a dead body previous to interment.
Let me not burst in ignorance, but tell "
Why thy canoniz'd bones, hearsed in earth,
Have burst their cerements?
HAMLT.
CERTES (F. certes), in truth, certainly.
For certes these are the people of the island.
TsxMBsT.
Certes, sir knight, you've been too much to blame,
Thus for to blot the honour of the dead....                  SHBNSzER'S F. QVpBN.
CESS (F. eess&), ceasing, staying, pausing; thus,
sans cesse is without stay, continually, excessively,
and in this sense Shakspeare uses the word. Cotgrave defines it to be out of all cease and cry.        In
Todd's edition of Johnson, the meaning of the
word has been misypderstood and a wrong definition given.
I pr'ythee, Tom, beat Cutt's saddle, put a few flocks in the
point; the poor jade is wrung in the withers out of all cess.
1 PART K. HEN. iv.
For natural affection soon doth cesse.
SPtNzsa's F. QuTEsN.
03




150


A GLOSSARIAL AND


CHAFE (F. echauffer), rage, anger, heat, furypassion.
When his hot rider spurred her chaufed sides.
SI'uNSra's F. QUEEv.
But here cometh Epi in a pelting chafe.
0. P. ENDYMION.
My husband will not rejoice so much at the abuse of Falstaff,
as he wil chafe at the doctor's marrying my daughter.
MRaaY WIVus or WINDSOR.
I chafe you if I tarry, let me go.TAMING OF A SHREW.
CHAFFARE (from the Saxon ekepe faring), trading;
buying, bargaining.      It is sometimes put for the
thing bought or exchanged.
And with his wife he maketh feste and cheer,
And telleth her that the chafare is dear.
CHAUCER'S PARDONNRnS TALK.
Approaching nigh, he never staid to greet
Ne ehafer words.
SPENSZsR's F. QUEEN.
CHAFFING (from chaff, the-husks of corn), light idle
talk or conversation. The members of the prize
ring, or the Fancy as it is called, have adopted
this word and applied it in their cant language to
signify the same thing.
At the end of the Strand they make a stand,
Swearing that they are at a loss;
And, chaffing, say, that's not the way,
They must go to Charing Cross.
THi DoWNrALL or CHARING CkOSS.
CHAFFLESS, without chaff, which is the explanation
given in Todd's edition of Johnson's Dictionary;
but may it not be ehafferless, without price or invaluable.    To fan (which probably suggested the
idea of chaff) is understood in the Midland Coun



ETYMOLOGICAL DIICTIONARY.


rSi


ties to mean punishment. The quotation will bear
either sense.
-  The love I bear him
Made me to fan you thus; but the gods made you
Unlike all other chaffess.
CAINxs.     The stewards of noblemen and persons of
large estates formerly wore chains of gold or other
valuable metal as part of their insigniaof office; it
afterwards became the fashion for gentlemen of
rank to wear them, and the practice is stilt continued by the lord mayor and aldermen of London,
and other corporate bodies.
Call in my chief gentleman i' th' gold chain, expedite.
O. P. A MAAD WORLD MY MASTERS.
Dost thou think I shall become the stewards' chain? Will not
these slender haunches shew well in a chain?
BEAUMONT AND FaETOeRBR' MARTIAL MAID.
Chains were also worn by barber surgeons and
tooth drawers as insignia of their professions.
Mr. Ellis supposes the chain was composed of the
teeth they had extracted.
Why shewest thou thy teeth to me?
I n'am no tooth drawere;
Thou ne seest me no chain wear.
SIR OTVELCHAIR DAY, the evening of life; that time of life
which, from its advanced season and consequent
infirmity, is chiefly passed in ease and indulgence.
When sapless age and weak unable limbs
Should bring thy father to his dooping chair.
"1 PART K. HEN. vI.
And in tity reverence and thy chair days thus
To die in ruman battle.
2 PAlT K. iNN. vI.




152


t'; -A.QL05SARIAL AND


CRAISUL -1(0. F. chaisd~), an upper garment to Over
the whole body.
She had on a pilche of price,
And a chaise! thereon y-wis.
Romw. OF TIME SEVEN SAGES.
CniAmaKR (F. chamber), a small piec of ordnance,
iuwd. gn days of public rejoicing, calculated to
mnake, a loud report; they were -formerly used in
thea~tres to im~itate the noise of caiwon. A chamber is also that part of a min~e wherein the powder
is lodged, land in this sense Shakspeare uses the
word.
To come off the breach with hiis pike bravely bent-to venture
upon the charged chambers bravely.
2 PART K. lIEN. TV.
CRIAMMRED (0. F. chanfrain), made into furrows,
indented, wrinkled.
Comnes the brenme winter with chews/red brows,
Full of wrinikles.
SPENSER'S SUBPEVHESD CALENIDARM.
Ctumpxivrv (from, the French champ,.a tieldl, and
parti, divided), the maintenance of, any one. in a
suit on condition of having part of the land or
goods when recovered,. as a consideration; sup..
portingý or upholding a person in a quarrel.
Ne aidy *itti Vevms hold aAampartiel,
For as her liste the world may she gle.
CHFAUCER'S IKNIGHT'S TALE.
O.Igbt or-.esgiae fovee or felony,
Ar ne too feeble to bold a champerty
Ayenst Itrouth.
CusAusaR's FLOUSHE AND LEAVEC.
CHANGELING (from F. ehaelger), one child exchanged
for another. The word arose- from a superstitious




ETYMOQOGICAL DICTIONARY.


153


notion that the fairies steal away children and
supply their place with others ugly or stupid; it
is also used to signify an idiot or natural fool.
And her base elfin breed there or thee left:
Such men do changelings call.
Spswast't. F. Qutssez
And span long elves that dance about a pole,
With each a little changeling in herarms.
B. JONsoN's SAD SsAD  naD.
It was told I should be rich by the fairiesThis is some chiageling.
WINTER'S TALE.
Changelingsand fools of heaven.
DaRYDEN.
The figure of the changeling, as exhibited in the
early drama, is depicted in a curious print prefixed
to a collection of droles, published in 167%, by
Robert Cox, which gives a view of the stage of
the BRd Bull Theatre, in St. John's Street, the
only known representation of the interior of a
theatre cotemporary with Shakspeare.
CHANTPLEURE (F.), a word signifying to sing and
weep at the same time.
I faire as doth the song of chantpleure,
For now I pleine and now I pley.
QCAVCBa's COMPLAINT or Q. ANNwxtI A,
CHAP     (F. khape), the catch of any thing by which
it is held in its place, as the point of a buckle or
the hook of a scabbard.
This is Monsieur Parrolles, that had the whole theory of the
war in the knot of his scarf and the practice in the ckhpe of his
agger.
ALL'S WELL TRAT ENDs WIXL.
CHAPMAN (S. ceapman), a bargainer, one who bos
or cheapens any thing.




154


'54     A GLOSSARIAL AND'


You do as ckapmen 4t,
Dispraise the thing YOU do Intend to buy.
I ý  I            Tatol. A1VD CRBSSDA.
'Teauty Is bought by jtidgement of tho eye,
Not utter'd by base sale of chapmen's tonguies.
Lova's LABouft Lo-si'.
CWAR2IS of uncertain etymology (probably from the
Saxon *carc, care, or the. French charge, business),
a task of work, a job by the day. A chare woman
is still a term for a female so employed.
Set her to* her chare work, huawife, for your bread.
0. P. Ton HOXNEST WHoRS.
One took the shape of an old lady's cook once, and dlspateh'd
two cAaes' on a Runday morning. M1DD)LXTom'S GAMS AT CRuass.
Andi when thou halt done this chare, I'll give thee leave
Tv Says               ~ANT, AN4D C1,0I o~IPA.T
CHARLATAN. (F.) a quack doctor, a miountebank,
an ignorant pretender to knowledge.
For vhlafrata. ean do no good'
Unless they're S~namtet iIn a olow4.
A eowardly sohler and a cakeretanf cat doctor Wre th~ijrincfps
subjects of comedy.II
CHARLICS' WAiNs (Goth. Karlwagra), a vulgar and
memurpt name given to the northern constellation
rira Aiqior; chori or churl (S-. ceqrl),- a tonntry--
than) is the word intiended.,
From the unbounded ocean and cold climes,
Where Charles his wadin circles the northern pole.
O60.P. F uixus Titazs.
Comes follow me, I have Charles's wain~balpw in a butt of eacht.
0.P. Tuxa MsCARY PaVI OF EDMONTON.
CpA**Kftk-eo the name of 'a sweet wine; aod Charnica
being the Spanish name for the turpentine tree,




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY$


155


Dr. Warburton supposes it to be produced in somo
district in which those trees abound, or ptob~biy
from possessing the flavour of that tree.
Imprintiv, a pottie of Greek wine, a Pottle of Peter see meene,
a Potleof harnco,&c. 0. P. Thui HONEIST WHORE,1 2 PART.
Here, neighbour, here's a cup of Charneco.
2 PART K. HawN. vi.,
CHARTEL (F. cartel), a challenge to fight in single
combat.
And as to perjur'd Duke of Lancaster
Their cartel of deftance they prepare.
DANIEL'S 1     0i*W*AP.
Chief of iomaestic knights and errant.
Either for claartel or for warrant.
HLIDIEHAS.
CHARY (S. cearig), wary,. cautious, careful.
The chariest maid is prodigal enough
If she unmask her beauty to the moon.
HAMLET.
Yet I am chary too who comets about me.
BEAUMONT AND FLETCHER'S,11
ELVER BROTHER.
CHAST (F. okastier)., to beat, chasten,, or correct.
By your scourge, he said in haste,
That he wol you bete and chat#.
P.0K. or K. A.LisAVNDRS.
I that other folks chastie woll not be taught.
CHAUcER's Rom., 01 THE Ronu.
CHATTEL [see 11Catel "], a law term, signifying
all goods moveable or immoveable.
I will be master of what is mine own;
the is my goods,, my, chattels..
TAMIISe 01, A SHREW.
Honour's a lease for lives to come,,
And cannot be extended from
The lega te~naut~-'tis a chaftel
Not to be forfetetd in battle.
HIIDISRAS.




156


A 'GLOSSARIAL AND


CHAWDRON (Goth. kuidron), the entraik or itomach
of   beast.
Add thereto a tyger's chawdron,
For the ingredients of our cauldron.
MACBETE.
"Sheeps' heads will stay with thee?Yes, sir, or chauldrons
BEAUMONT AND FLETCHEIR'S
NIcu VALOUR.
CHEAP or CHEPE (S. ceap), a bargain or purchase.
Chepe and cheping are the old words for a market
where things were bought and sold, from whence
the names of several places where markets were
held are derived; as, Chipping Barnet, Chipping
Wyckham, Cheapside, Eastcheap, &c.
Till he come to a cheping town,
There Sir Amys the bold baron
Was duke and liv'd in londe.
AMYs AND AMILOUN.
For as a spaniel she wol on him lepe,
Till that she finde som man that wol her chepe.
CHAUCR.'S Pao. TO THE WIFE oF BATH.
CHEAT     BREAD, a diminutive of mancheat (F. milhette), a small loaf, made of fine flour.         Todd
strangely derives it from ache?, bought bread, as
distinguished from coarse bread made at home.
The loaf looks very like bread, i' faith; but why is it called
'the cheate loafe?
ROWLAND AND MIDDLxTON's FAIRE QUARREL.
Without French wires; or cheat bread, or quails, or a little dog,
or a gentleman usher.
O. P. EASTWARD HOZ.
CHECKLATOUN        (from chequer, variegated), a stuff
made, or the colours disposed in chequers, or
squares.
Of Bruges were his hosen browne,
His robe was of chekelatoun.
CHAUCsR's RaIMs o0 SiN TaorPA,




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


157


But in a jacket quilted richly rare
Upon checklatoun, he was strangely dight.
SPENrs*a's F. QgVse.
CHECK ROLL, the roll or book containing the names
of the king's household servants, or that of any
other great person; it should properly be called
the chequer roll, derived from exchequer.
A common waiter in most prince's courts
He's in the check roll.
O. P. ANTONIO AND MOLLIDA.
CHEEK     BY   JOWL, an old phrase signifying         close
connexion, proximity, side by side: still in use by
the vulgar.
And by him in another hole
Afflicted Ralpho, cheek by jowl.
HUDIBRAS.
The cobler, smith, and botcher, that have so often sat snoring
cheek by jowl.
BEAUMONT AND FLETCHER'S MARTIAL MAID.
CHEER (0. F. chbre), an old word signifying countenance or complexion.
The ladye is rody in the chere
And made bright in the lere.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
All fancy sick she is and pale of cheer.
MIDS. NIGHT'S DREAM.
CHERTSAUNCE (F. cherir), comfort, support.
For I ne knowe no cherisaunce
That fell into my remembrance.
CHAUCER'S ROM. OF TEB ROSS.
CHEVACHIE (F.), an expedition of cavalry.
He had been sometime in chenachie
In Flanders, in Artois, and in Picardie.
CHAUVCR'S SQUIRa'S TALS.
CHEVERIL (0. F. chevrel), a soft leather made of
the skins of goats; the word is figuratively used
p




158


A GLOSSARIAL AND


to denote an easy yielding disposition or pliable
conscience.
As if the innocency of those leather prisons should dispense
with the cheveril consciences of the iron hearted jailors.
O. P. OLD FORTUNATUS.
A sentence is but a cheveril glove.
TWELFTH NIoGfT.
No tough hides limiting our cheveril minds.
O. P. CHABOT, ADMIRAL OF FRANCE.
CHEVISAUNCE (F. chevisance), enterprize, achievement; also, a bargain or agreement for a loan of
money or settlement of accounts.
And needes must he make a chevisaunce,
For he was bound in a recognizance.
CHAUCER'S PARDONER'S TALE.
Perdy not so, said she, for shameful thing
It were to abandon noble chevisaunce.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
CHILD (S. cild). This word, now confined to the
young of either sex, was formerly appropriated to
the male sex exclusively, and at one time to
females only.     Thus the boys of the Chapel Royal
were called the children of the Chapel Royal; and
Shakspeare, in the Winter's Tale, saysMercy on's! a bearne, a very pretty bearne:
A boy or child I wonder.
It also denoted a youth of noble extraction and
sometimes a knight.
The child of Elle to his garden wente,
And stood at his garden pale.
0. 1. THE CHILD oF ELLE.
Every knight had after him riding
Three henchmen, each on him a waiting:And every child were of leaves grene
A chaplet.
ClAuccn's FLooVR ANB LEAIW.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


159


The noble childe preventing hip desire,
Under his club with wary boldness went.
SPENSSR'S F. QuzEN.
CHIMB (Dut. kime), the projecting staves at either
end of a barrel or tub.
And ever sith hath so the tappe y-ronne,
Till that almost all empty is the tonne;
The streme of life now droppeth on the chimbe.
CHAUCER.
CHIMERA (L. chimera), an imaginary monster, supposed to have the head of a lion, the belly of a
goat, and the tail of a dragon.
Many a centaur, chimera, barnacle, crocodile, hippotame, and
such like toys hath he stolen out of the shop of my invention.
0. P. LINGUA.
CHIRK (Teu. circken), a harsh and grating noise.
Chaucer uses the word both to express a pleasing
and discordant sound. Todd says that Dr. Jamieson has overlooked the use of the word in Chaucer,
which expresses the brisk and cheerful note of the
bird, to chirk or chirp; and it may be added, that
Todd has also overlooked the passage in the same
author, which conveys a different sense.
This frere ariseth ip ful cuTtisly,
And hir embraceth in his armes narrow,
And kisseth hir swete and chirketh as a sparrow
With his lippes.
CHAUCER'S SOMP~OUR'S TAL,.
Conteke with bloody knive# a*,d hoarpe manace,
All ful of chirking was that sory place.
CHAUCRt'S KISeT'S. TALS.
CHOPINE (It. cioppini), a high shoe, or rather a clog
upon which the shoe rests, formerly worn by the,
Italian women, and so high, as Tom Coriate says
in his Crudities, that persons wearing them were.




160


A GLOSSARIAL AND


obliged to be supported when walking to prevent
their falling.
Your ladyship is nearer to heaven than when I saw you last,
by the altitude of a chopine.
HAMLUT.
O 'tis fine
To see a bride trip it to church so lightly,
As if her new cioppines would scorn to bruise
A silly flower.
O. P. RAM ALLIY.
CHoRus. In the early English drama, a person so
called formed part of the performance, occasionally
taking part in the action of the piece, but generally supplying the deficiency of the action by
explanatory matter, or commenting on the characlers and conduct of the dramatis persona. The
practice continued down to the time of Shakspeare,
who has introduced the character in K     Hen. V.
-    For the which supply
Admit me chorus to this history.
V                         Cno. IN K. HEN. v.
You are as good as a chorus, my lord.
HAMLXT.
CHRIsOM (Gr.), a white cloth anointed with holy
unguent, worn by a child during the first month,
and if it died within that period, its body was
shrouded with the chrisom cloth; the child also
was called a ehrsom child. The cloth appears to
have been a perquisite of the priest who officiated
at the baptism of the infant.
Madam, the preacher
Is sent for to a churching, and doth ask
If you be ready: he shal lose, he says,
His chrysome else.
0. P. THu CITT-MATCH.




ETlrOLOG IAL IICTIONARY.


-     Thou would'st not join thy halfpenny
To send for milk for the poor chrisom.
O. P. Tas WxTI.
He made a finer end and went away an it had been any christom
child.
K. HEN. v.
CHRISTMAS LORD, a person chosen to preside over
the festivities of Christmas, of which he was gene-.
rally the provider; he was sometimes called a
Christmas lord, or the lord or abbot of misrule, or
master of merry disports. The custom is said to
be derived from the old Roman Saturnalia.
To create thee a Christmas lord, and make thee the laughter
for the whole court.
O. P. MONsiEUR D'OLIVE.
Epi, love, is lord of misrule, and keepeth Christmas in my court.
O. P. ENDYMION.
CHRYSOLITE (Gr.), a precious stone of a dusky
green (inclining to yellow) colour.
-  Such another world
Of one entire and perfect chrysolite
I'd not have sold her for.
OTraiLLO.
If metal, part seem'd gold, part silver clear:
If stone, carbuncle most or chrysolite.
PAR. LPST.
CHUET, an old word signifying a sort of forced meat
of a fat or unctuous nature.        Theobald says a
chewet is a noisy chattering bird; and Stevens
quotes an old cookery book, to prove that chewets
are fat greasy puddings. In either case the term
as applied to Falstaff is equally correct.
Peae, chowet, paewe.
1 PART K. HEN. IV.
CHUFF, a word of no certain etymology, but signifying a rough uneducated clown of portly appearP3




162


A GLOSSARIAL AND


ance, perhaps a yeoman, moderately rich and
indicating good living from his bulk, the word
being generally used in connexion with the riches
or size of the person to whom the term is applied.
Cotgrave translates joffee, " Chuffie, fat cheeked,"
which seems the proper derivation of the word.
The chuf's crowns
Imprison'd in his trusty chest, methinks
I hear groan out.
0. P. THa MusBE' LOOKINO GIvASS.
Hang ye, gorbellied knaves, are ye undone? No, ye fat chuffs,
I would your store were here.
1 PART K. HEN. IV.
CHURCH HAW, from the S. haga, a small piece of
land inclosed, lying near and appended to a house
or other building. The church haw is now called
the church yard.
And was 'ware, withouten doubt,
Of the fire in the churCh hawe.
RoM. or THS SREVN SAiPS.
CHURCH REVE, an ecclesiastical officer appointed to
take care of the church and church yard and things
appertaining thereto, now called a church warden.
Of church reves and of Testaments,
Of contracts and lacke of sacraments.
CHAUCIR.
CHURL. See " Carl" and " Carlot."
CIERGES (Fr.), wax candles, generally carried in
the religious processions of the Roman Catholic
Church.
The eleven thousand maidens dere
That beren in heaven her cierges clere.
CHAUCER'S Rom. or THE Rosm.
CINQUE    PACE   (F. cinque pas), a grave kind of
dance.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


163


But I fear this idle prate hath made me quite forget my
cinque pace.
0. P. TnH HOo HATH LOST HIS PEARL.
Wooing, wedding, and repenting, is a Scotch jig, a measure,
and a cinque pace.
MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING.
CITRINE (L. citrinu8), of a pale yellow or lemon
colour.
His nose was high, his eyen bright eitrin,
His lippes round, his colour was sanguine.
CHAUCER.
CITTERN (S. cytere), a stringed instrument somewhat resembling the modern guitar; it was generally played upon by courtezans, and was also one
of the amusements of persons waiting in barbers'
shops, hence it came into dislike and disuse.
A barber's cittern, for every serving man to play on.
0. P. THx HONEsT WHORE, 2 PART.
The custom of using them in brothels is alluded
to in B. Jonson's Volpone, where Corvine, in rec'ommending his wife to prostitute herself, requires
her as a preliminary step tb procure a cittern.
Get you a cittern, Lady Vanity.
B. JoNsoN's VULPONE.
CLACMIAN, a small village having. a parish church, a
term only used in the Scottish dialect.
The first time that he met with me
Was at ther clehan in the west.
WATSON'S COLIABCTION.
Ye ken Jock Hornbook of the clachan.
BURNS.
CLAN, a Celtic word signifying a race, family, or
community in Scotland, particularly applied to a
tribe of people descended from the same common
ancestor and bearing the same name; it is now




164


164      A GLOSSARlIAL AND


only used to denote a fraternity of persons united
for evil purposes.
They around the flag
Of each his faction in their several clans
Swarm populous.
PAR. LOST.
0   CLAP DISH     (Bel. kiacke), a dish formerly carried by
beggars, made with a moveable cover, so as whc,,n
shaken to make a clapping noise, to excite the
attention of the passenger and to shew that the
dish was emlpty; it is sometimes called a clack di~ds
and a cup and clapper.
A ragged gowne, that trailed upon the gýround*.
A disk that clapto and gave a heavy sound.
CIIURCJEYARID'S CHALLENGE.
That affects roysity rising from a clap dish.
0. P. 5Bssy P'Amsots.,
Thus shalt thou go begging from house to house,
With a cop and clapper J2ke a Lsasamus.
CisAUCUR's TusT.- OF CRESSEIDE.
CLAPEsR (F., aapier), a burrow for tamae rabbits.,
fitted up with cribs for breeding.
Connies there were also playing,
That conefs out of her cdspers,
0~f 891&dry colouss.'
CHAIUCER'S Rom. oV THEx Rossa.
CLAPPERDUGEON, a t" t wo)rd -for a -class of' beggars,.
called also by Flannau, in hi~s Caveat for &fnzrnon
Cureeor8-, pallyards; they travelled in patched
cloaks aind matde artifielalt sores on their bodies fcr
excite pity.
It i6 hut the port of a cissee~gmg
To strke a mau in the street.
0. AP. 'Gx6Ola A GREENE3.



ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


165


What! a clapperdudgeon?
That's a good sign to have the beggar follow him.
B. JONSoN's STAPLI O NEWS.
CLEAN (S. clene), quite, entirely, completely; in
this sense the word is now nearly obsolete.
A happy gentleman in blood and lineameits,
By you unhappied and disfigured clean.
K. RICH. II.
Let's hew his limbs till they be clean consum'd.
TIT. ANDRONICUS.
CLEM     (S. clamian), sometimes written clam, to
starve for want of food, because by famine the
intestines are clammed or stuck together.
Hard is the choice, when the valiant must either eat their
arms or lem.
B. JONSON's Evaar MAN OUT or HIs HUMOUR..
What! will he clem me and my followers?
B. JONsoN's POeTAsTER.
CLEPE (8. elepian), to call or name.
For to the gods I clepe
For true record of this my faithful speche.
O. P. FERREX AND PORRIX.
Amongst them one ycleped Paridell,
The falsest thief that ever trod on ground.
0. P. GRIM, THE COLLIER OF CROYDON.
They clepe us drunkards.
HAMLET.
CLERGYMAN. In many of Shakspeare's plays, andin the other early dramatic writers, a clergyman
is called sir: it was anciently the common designation of one in holy orders as well as of knights.
Sir, me no sirsi I am no knight nor churchman.
0. P. Nw TRicK TO CBKAT THE DEVIL,
Sir Hugh, persuade me not; I will make a star chamber
matter of it.
MEaRR WIVEs or WINDsOR.
CLERK (L. clericu*).       This word was anciently o~




166.


A GLOSSA IIAL AND


very extensive import, comprehending at first all
such persons as bore the clerical tonsure or an
ecclesiastic generally, and afterwards it denoted
men of literature or writers by profession.
But rich he was of holy thought and werk,
He also was a learned man, a clerk.
CHAUCER.
I'll pay him forty livres by the year,
Villein or clerk, nor think the bargain dear.
WAY'S FABLIAUX, THE PRIEST.
CLICKET (0. F. cliquet), a key or instrument to open
a door.
Save he himself for the small wicket
He bare alway of a silver clicket.
CHAUCERtS MKRCsrA!T'T TAJL..
CLINCH     (Sw. klinka), to bend or double a nail on
the other side of the board through which it is
driven.     A  word having      a  double    meaning     or
punning ambiguity was called a clinch; in this
sense it is now obsolete.
Pure oelnches the suburban muse affords,
And Panton waging armless war with words.
DRYDEN'S MAC FLECKNOE
Here one poor word a hundred clinches makes.
POPE'S DUNCIAD.
CLINQUANT (F.), glittering or tinsel finery.
To day the French
All elinquant, all in gold, like heathen gods
Shone down the Engish.
K. HNa. vmi.
CLIP (S. clippan), to embrace, to enfold in the arms.
What knows the lecher when he clips his whore
Whether it be the devil.
0. P. A MAD WORLD T1 MASTERS.
Here in the lodge they meet for damned clips,
Those eyes shall see the incest of their lips.
O P. TaXs IsvmsoRas' TaAeoe.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


167


CLOT-LEAF, the leaf of the burdock or clotbur.
A clotlefe he had under his hode,
For swette and for to keepe his hede from hete.
CHAUCBE'S NONNBS TALK.
CLOTPOLE (from       Du. klotte, a mass), a dull stupid
heavy person, a rustic; now called a clod-hopper.
What says the fellow there? call the clotpole back.
K. LEAR.
I will see you hang'd like clotpoles.
TROI. AND CRESSIDA.
CLOUT (S. clut), a small piece of cloth used for
ordinary purposes.
And when she of this bill had taken hede,
She rent it all to cloutes.
CHAUCER'S MERCHANT'S TALE.
His garment nought but many ragged clots,
With thorns together pin'd.
SrPnNsE's F. QVsEE.
To clout also meant to patch or piece any thing,
as a shoe or a coat, &c.
That yong man that hath shoon bought
And strong leather to do hem clout.
TALB OF MERLIN.
Can you clout me a payre of botes?
OLD MORALITY OF HYCKE SCORNER.
And to clout shoes or boots was to strengthen
them with nails, from the O. F. clouet, a nail.
And put my clouted brogues from off my feet.
CYMBKLINE.
The clout (F. clonette) was also the white mark
fixed in the butt at which archers shot.
A' must shoot nearer, or he'll ne'er hit the clout.
Lov"'s LAbovo LOST.
CLOVE    AND    ORANGE.        An orange stuffed      with
cloves and roasted made one of the ingredients of
a fashionable liquor formerly called bishop; the




168


" A GLOSSARIAL AND.


term is used figuratively to denote close intimacy
or strict union.
Which when Queen Dido (for these two
Were clove and orange, you must know).
COTTON's VIROIL TRAVRSTIE.
CLOWN. This word is of uncertain derivation; the
clown of the old comedies was a licensed jester or
domestic fool, maintained in opulent families to
create mirth; in these the greatest freedom of
speech was allowed to whatever person without
offence being taken. The character afterwards
became the Zany of the May games, morris dances,
&c. The only traces of the character at the present time are to be found in the ambulatory Punch
of the puppet shews and (deprived of the loquacity) the clown of the modern pantomime.
Not only, sir, this your all-licensed fool,
But others of your insolent retinue,
Do hourly carp and quarrel.
K. LEAR.
Let those that play the clowns speak no more than is set
down for them.
HAMLxT.
The fools or clowns of the old drama appeared
between the acts of the piece exhibited, and
amused the audience with extemporal wit and
buffoonery. In the puritanical times of Charles I.
the domestic fool was decried as sinful, and the
custom of keeping them has never been revived.
CLUBS (Br. choppa). It was anciently the custom
upon any civil commotion in the streets to cry for




STYMOLOGtC&L DICTIONiARYM6


169


'clubs, i. e., the assistance of the civil power; the
word was used in ýconsequence of the peace officers
being armed with clubs8 or staves for the miiin-,tonane of good order. A staff' is stifl tihe insignia
of a constable.
11U, call for elUit. Ifyou will not awsy.
I PART K. HexN. V1.
I miua'd the meteor once and hit that woman, who cried Out
X. Hsui. Vill.
'CLUM (S. clumian), an interjection signifying be
silent, similar to the more Imodern word MUM.
Tyrwhitt thins 'it denotes the mumbling noise,
mitsoitare, murmurare, which is made by a congreg'ation accompanying prayers which they can-not petfectly repeat.
Now,, Pater noster, clum said Xicholay,,
And clum quod Johan, and clum said Alison.
CHAUcUR's MzLi~sa's TUwe.
'CLUTCH (S. gelceccan), to grasp, with the hand, to
douable the fist.
Not that I have the power to clutch moy hand.
K. JTOHN.
For puttinig the hand In the pocket and extracting it eluchl'd.
MRASUMB FOS MeAsuRe.
CoA~CH   (F. cache).     This vehicle    was introduced
into England as early as the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and long prior to that time carriages under
the difflerent denominations of chairs, cars, caroches,
and whirlicotes were used by the gentry.
Nay, for a need out of his easy nature
)iay'et draw him to the keeping of a eoach.
0. P., Gsu141e'e To QUUO L'.




17!0


A xLO&SAaIAL ANM


COACT.(L. coactu), to cet in concert or together.
But if I tell how these two did coact,
Shall I not lie in publishing a truth?
Taoi. AXD CVaIesId.
COAL HARWBUR or COLD HARBOUt, was a large
tenement situated in Allhallows, the less London,
in the time of Richard HIII. 1485, the property of
the bleralds' College, and afterwards of Tonstal,
Bishop of London, and the Earl of Shrewsbury;
it was subsequently pulled down and small houses
built on the site. From various passages in the
early drama, it appears to have been a place of
sanctuary, a privilege which it derived from its
haviqg been an episcopal residence. Like the
Fleet prison, it was a place where, previous to the
marriage act, the rites of matrimony were performed without authority and regardless of the
legal forms.
'Life they may do any thing there, man, and fear neither
beadle nor somnour; an uncle's house! a very coal Aarer.
0. P. A TRICx TO CATCH TH1 OJD ONI.
I sweat; wbuld I lay in cold harbour I!
0. P. Tus RoARINo GIRL.
COALS. See " Carry Coals."
COAT CARD, the king, qubn, and knave of the pack
of cards, so called from their'beingg habited with,coats or mantles; they are now corruptly called
court ea(rds.
She had In her hand the ace of heart, methought, and a
coat card.                        0. P. MAY DAY.
COBBL    STONE8s (from 8. coppe, the head or top),




L


ETYMOLQYGICAL VICTIOMAR-Y.                 17.1
smooth round stones, lairge enough6 to be grasped
with the hand.
My Gammea sure intends to be upon her bones
With staves or with clubs, or cia with coble stones.
0. P. GAMMUR (*VRToWS'NECEDLE.
Their hands shook swords, their slings held cobbles xounid.
FA1RFAX's TARSO.
COBLOAP, a loaf of irregular shape, a corruiption of
coppe; a loaf having a large head. The word is
used -by Shakspeare as a term of contempt.
Cobloaf!         Traoi. AND CaNss.
COB SWAN, the head or leading swan; the bird so
called.
I san not taken.
With a oohwees or a high mounting bull.
COOK A 'HOOP., exalting demeanour, elated: this
expression has no certain etymology. Cotgrave,
under the word huptý, giveit it as- the crest or cop
on the head of a blird; hence also proud., cocicet,
lofty, stately., that bears himself high, &c.
You'll make n mutiny among my guests;
you will set cock' he op.    ROOADJLIT
And having routed the whole troop,
Witil victory was cock a Itoop.
HUDIRR~A5.
COcKiR (V. coqzseliner), to spoil with too much
indulgence; chiefly applied to children whose
fantastical humours are rather encouraged than
checked.
-Shall a beardless bay*
A cocker'd silken wanton llrave our Seldi I




172


1A GLOSSARIAL AND


COCKERS, a kind of buskins or short boots, formerly
worn by farmers and shepherds.
Hfs cockers were of eordewinj
His hood of minivere.
DOWIABXI..
COCKLE (S. occle), a species of weed found growing
in corn fields, called the corn champien.
He wold sowen some difficultie,,
Or springin eockle in our clene corn.
CHRATCZR.
In soothing them, we nourish 'gainst our senate
The cockle of rebellion.
COulOLAlUS.
COCKNEY. NO word has given rise to greater disputes,
both as to its derivation and precise meaning, though
in England it is now applied to a person born in the
city of London, or within the sound of Bow bel%,,
and to signify more especially a person ignorant of
rural economy; yet the name was not confined to
England, nor to the city of London in particular:
mention is made of it both in France and Italy, at
a very early period. In a mock heroic poem in the
Sicilian dialect, published at Palermo in 1674, a
description is given of Palma, Cita. di cuccagna;
and Boileau calls Paris, un Paie du coccaigne,
representing it as a country of dainties, which.
seems to give the meaning of the word as under.
stood by the French. In England, no precise time
can be ascertained as to its first introduction; the
earliest poem in which it is mentioned is a very
ancient one, in the Normbnno-Saxon dialect---




EYMDEOG ICAL DICTIONARY.


173


Far in see by west spayng
Is a londe yhote cocayng.
In the very curious poem called The Turnament
of Tottenham, said to be written in the reign of
Edward III. the word cokeney is used, but whether
as applied to a cook or to a dish provided for the
guests, is a matter of conjectureAt that feast were they serv'd in riche aray,
Every five and five had a eookesey.
That it was a term of contempt derived from the
kitchen seems evident, a cook in base Latinity
being   called  coquinator    and   coquinarius, from
either of which cokeney might be derived; but
however derived, it appears to have been uniformly
applied as a term of derision to a silly and ignorant personAnd when this jape is told another day,
I shal be halden a date or a cockenay.
CHAUCaR'S REVt'S TALK.
Cry to it, nuncle, as the cockney did to the eels when he put
them in the paste alive.
K, ZAaR.
COCKSHUT, twilight, the time when birds go to
roost.
Thomas, the Earl of Surry, and himself,
Much about cockshut time, from troop to troop
Went through the army,
K. RICHAaD II.
CoG (F. coqudiner), to sooth, flatter, or wheedle.
I cannot cog, I cannot prate, Mrs. Ford.
MERRY Wives or WINDSOR.
Oh, now you come to your old bias of cogging.
0. P. OLD FoaTUNATUS.
Q3




17*4


A -GLOSSARIAL' AND


COGGK (Goth. kogge), a small light boat, a vesser
or war, from whence cock boat is derived.
Agaynes hym comen her navye,
Ceggee ansd dromouns many galeye.
Rom. OF RICHARD CxRUa DE Liox.
CoJGNE     (0. F. cogn),. an angle or corner; a term
lused in building.
No J'utting frieze,
Buttress, nor-coigne -of- vantage, but this bird
Hath made his pendant bed.
MACBETH.
COSTsRlEL (F. coutiltiier)-f a person of no, account,
unfit to bear arms, a paltry fellow.
He9V a cowanrd and a eoya~kTrih T    GM
COLBERTINEI, a sort of French lace, so called from
Colbert the manufacturer..
Go hang out an old frisoneergjorget with a yard of yellow
Colbertine.
CoiroRZva's WAY OF THE WOaXLD.
C-OLESTAFF, a pole or staff open which vessels are
carried by two persons, by running it through two
handles; sometimes called colt-staff and cowlta.twf
I and my eompanye have taken the constable from the watch,
and carried him about the a"ld on) a coltateje.
0. P. ARDEM OF FzvEnSHAITr.
Go take up these clothes quickly; where's the cowletaf?
MBAaa WIVaIs OF WINDSOR.
COLUrD (L. collum), embraced round the neck.
Coiling was the act of embracing the neck.,
go having salde, her twixt her armes twaine,,
She'atreightly strialn' and celled tenderly.
5rzrjsza's F. Q~uxw.
Found her amongst a crew of satyrs wild,
Kissing and yelling.
0. F. GaIn, THs COLLusa OF Caor)OW.




NTYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARYS      17


175


COLLET (from L. collum), that part of a ring, in
which a stone is set.
When his worn self, like age's easy slave,
Had dropt out of the collet into th' grave.
0. P. THi RXvzNosa's TRAGADY.
COLLIED, blackened with the, soot of coals, begrimed.
Brief as the lightning in the collied night,,
MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DRAM.Thou hast not collied thy face enough.
B. JONSON'S POXTASTER.
COLLOP (0. F. colp), a small piece of meat; it is
sometimes used as a term of affectionate regard.
Thou art a collop of my flesh,
And for thy sake I have shed many a tear.
1 PART K. HaN. vI.
Sweet villain! most dearest,, my collop.
WIWNTR'S TALs.
COLONEtLING, a word invented by Butler to signify
the riding forth in the capacity of a colonel, in
allusion to, Hudibras, the nom de guerre of Sir
Samuel Luke, who was a Colonel in the service of
the Republican Parliament.
Then did sir knight abandon dwelling,
And out he rode a colonelling.
HUDINRAS.
COLT (S. colt), to cheat or befool.
Whata plague mean you, to'colt me thus-?
I PART K. HEs..Iv.
He shall be hang'd before he colt us.
BEAUMONT AND FLETCHER'S WIT
wrITovT MbONY.
COMBING THE HAIR, a fashion not less ridiculous
than strange,. obtained (circa 1670) for gentlemen
to comb their hair or wigs in company, whether






I 76     A GLOSSARIAL AND


of business or ceremony, and even in the presence
of ladies: this singular custom was discontinued in
the reign of Queen Anne. In the old play of The
Parwrm'e Wedding, several of the characters are
introduced combing their head-* and talking. A. It
S 3.
ýtraight every man who thinks himself a wit
Percs, up a managIng his comb with grace,
With his white wig sets off his nut brown face.
DRYDEN'S PRsO. To ALXAWNZOR
AND AtWMAHID9.,
He look'd indeed and slgh'd, and set his cravat string,
Sigh'd again and comb'd his perriwig.
0. P. Tnt FORTUNIC HUNTeas.
COMFORT (0. F. conforter). This word was for..
merly Used to denote aid, encouragement, or assistance, and it is still used in legal proceedings to
signify the support given by an accomplice to a
criminal act.
Yet that dare
Loess appear so, In cwsfertWn -your evis.
WINvsaI's TALE.
Idareý lot say how near the tidings of our comfort is.
K. RicHAAtD ju.
COMMEDLE (F. mesler), to mix or mingle together.
Religin, oh how it Is commedled with policy.
0. Fo Wa1TX DeVIL.
COMMODITY (0. F. commodith), interest, advantage.
Whatnsay alwales be best for the weale publiques crmsmodifie.
INTERLUDE OF vTse New CUSTOME.
I wil se his friendship to myne own commedytie.
0. P. DAMON AND PYTHIsAS.
Conotouw (0. F. lat commuzne), a town or township.,
the commnonittylor burgesses of a city, from whence
the mnodarn word community is derived.




ETYMOI.OGICA'L DICT[ON-ARY.


17-7


The barbycanes they felled adiown,
I  And hadden nygh entery'd the comiauf.
Roms. oir Ricif. CsUat mc -Liois
COMPANION (F. Conmpagnon), a term of contempt
equivalent to " fellow;" though now obsolete in
this sense, it was used by SmolleUt in. his Rioderick.
Random.
Saucy companion, rude Impertinent fellow.
Has the porter no eyes, that he gives entrance to such
compateibne?                               CorIOL1AN!S.
I woorn-you, scurvy compatziont
COMPARATIVE (L. cornparativus),, one that estimates
himself by comparison, that Makes himself equal
to another.
And stand the push ateITO? berless8 Vain eusopeleft.
I?.An? 1. Howt. iv.
AMd art indeed, the most, empersftee, nsucaUesih sweet
young princes.                            1Xw.
COMPAS8'D WINDOW, a projecting window or a
circular form, now called a bow window.
she came to him the other day Into the compmssd window.
Titos. A&ND CauisisnA.
COMPINABLz (0. F.. compagnable), having thie qualir.
ties of a companion,, fit for company.
A wif he had of excellent beauty,
And compinsele and reveirous was she..Cu'AUCRA'S ShzessAX's TALP.N.
Cos   (S. connan), to know       or perceive.
Peradventure it may better be.,
These old folk eon. mochel thing,. quod she.
VUAUCS9.,
Now, certes, I wolden my diligence
To cosine It all at ChrIstmas.
RIBI.
CoNoRiN (4. concenhie),, harmony of sound, consmet




178


A GLOSSARML AMY1


of voices, and figuratively to agree or be in union
Such music is wise words with time oowsentcd.
F3J1SwR~sa' FP. QV91w.
That have conce'sted unto Henry's death.
K. AICHA3'D 11l.
(1~NC~EW  L.conere-eco), to grow     together.
And her fair lockes, that wont with ointment sweet
To be'Mvebsbtid and sweat out dainty dew,
lie let to grow and griealy to concrew.
Sr~SwSsa's F. QussR.CONDUIT. The several conduits in London from
which the lower class of both sexes fetched water,
necessarily lintroduced them to each other, and
hence connexions,'some honourable and some the
reverse, were formed.       Bakers formerly not only
sold'but baled bread for families, as is still the
cuIstom in man~y Counties, and at the drawing of
the oven, many persons of both sexes were coalgreg-ated, which is the reason why the bake-house
is coupled in the quotation with the conduit.
Were's cowrtng for a conduit or a beke-oAme.
0. P. MoTaza Bousts.
CON~V CATrCHER,, a cant term for a cheat or thef.,
from ooney, a cant word for a simpleton.'
Why, sister, do you think-do you thi PHU comag catch you I
0. P. Tax ITONuaT Wuoaz.
Marry, sir, I have matter in my head against you and
y  ep  lg V5        MZgaaY WIves1 oY WneSOsoa
CONGREEI (F. gre), to agree togetb~r, to uvite with
concord.
For government
Put into parts doth keep in one consent6
(kmgreeing in a. full and natural close.




TTYMOWG CAIL DIJCTI0NARY0


l79


CONGREET, to salute rectptoa~y.
My oftee bath so far prevailed,,
That 1fate to fWte, and royal eye to eye,
You have congv.eted.
K. Hi.v
CONSORT     (L. C~OMM*r), to keep camwpay             ith, to,associate.
And afterwards consort with you till bed time.
CoNSIDY OF Bnoas.
Thou wretched bay,, that did'st consort bins,
Shalt with him hence.
Rouzo AND JULIXT.
CONTEK, strife or contenition,. probably a corruption
of contest.
Wol ye beginnin contek
And then so sone tie?
CKtAUCERt.
They 'gan with foule reproche
To stirre up strife, and troublous contecke broche.
Svszessa's F. Q~uxa.
CONTERNI1NAT-E (L. contermiso), -having a common
boundary., a termination with another.
Here are kingdoms. mlx'd
And nations joiln'4 a atrength of empire fix'd,
Conterminate with heaven.
B. JoNSNsn'd MASQURS.
CON4 THANKS. To con thanks 'is an old expression
signifying to give thanks.
Yea, marry, now, I con you thanek.
INTERLUDE OF TEE FOUR Ps.N
But I believe our lord-will cu's thee little -thank for it.
PIE.RCE PENINILESSR'S SUPPLICATION.
CONTUND (L. contundo), to b~eat small, ' to strike
down.
Sam. What then do your blowrs?
Top. They not only confound but also contund.
0. P. ENwvssIcw.
CONVERTITE (F. converti), a cqnvert,4o another's
opinion oIq principles.




1,80


* vW~sAR1At A" *


No., Governor I will be no oooesft~e.
0. P. Tuxs Jxw OF MALTA.
But since you are a gentle convertite,
Vy tongue shall hush again this storm, of war.
K. Jos'e.
'CoNivr (L.-coieveho), a cant 'word to signify theft-;
thieves in the time of Shakspeare were called con0 good ICeowey!.f-coveyers are ye all,
That rise thus nimbly by a true king's fall.
K. BJCNIAIW1 11.
I iloonvey, cross bite and cheat.
0. P. 'WHAT YoV WIL&.
CONVINCE (L.. consvinco). This word in:the sense
it was used formM.ly is now obsolete, i. e. to surpass, 'overpower., or go beyond.
That treasons would bewray and foes convince.
SPzNsUtR's F. QL'ssN,.
Their =alady consvine#a
The great essay of art.
MAcsRNT.
When Duncan is asleep, Ids two chamberlains
Will I with wine and wassel so convince.
lIND.
-CoNYN (It. coghione), a coward; a term of reproach.
Tho bespoke him a baroun;
Sir,, our king is but a canonrl.
TALl OF MIARLIN.
Cop (S. cop), the head, crown., or top of any thing.,
as a cop of hay, vulgarly called a cock.
Tho' gan I on this bil to gone
And found upon her coppe,a wosue.
The blind- moles     RWA       HUEOFUN
Co~ppd hills towards'heaven.
COI'ATAIN (from cop), high raised, having a point
or peak at the top.




ETYM-LOGICAL DICTIONARY.


i81


A vopatain hat, made on a Flemish block,
A night gowne cloak down trayling to your toes.
GAascoIeow'a $'aOM.
A silken doublet, a velvet hose, a scarlet cloak, and a copatain hat.
TAMING or A SHRaw.
COPEMAN (S. ceaepman), a customer, a dealer in any
commodity.      See "Chapman."
He would have sold his part in Paradise
For ready money, had be met a copemns.
B. JoVsoN'a VOLPON2.
COPESMATE,      a   word of doubtful etymology, but
probably from cope, to encounter with or exchange acts of civility; a companion, an associate.
Ne ever staid in place, ne spake to wight,
'Till then the fox his copesmate he hath found.
SPENSER'S MOTHER HUDARAID's TALE.
Nay, be advised, quoth his copesmate; harke,
Let's stay all night.
WITnas's Asuss STRIAPT AND WasNP.
COPHETUA, the name of a king, real or supposed,
who reigned in Africa, of whom nothing more cah
be gathered than the old ballad in Percy's Reliques
contains, called " King Cophb'etua and the Beggar
Maid." It is frequently mentioned by the early
dramatists.
Young Adam Cupid, he that shot so true
When King Cophetua loved the beggar maid.
Rouxo AND JULIsT.
Spoke like the bold Cophetua's son.
0. P. Tha WITS.
CORANTO (F. courant), a quick and sprightly dance.
Teach lavoltas, high and swift cersatoe.
K. HxN. vb
Why dost thou not go to church in a galliard and come
home in a coranto?                    TwaWnR Nstosr.
CORBE (F. corbeau), an' ornament in architecture,
R




182


k'A 4AMS-AIAL AI~b


the diminuti've of cotbel; as tin adjective, it signi-'
f ies bowed or: crooked.
nIer tie& is bhertt her stouideti doutbe.  tOOWXR.
lPor slikr'thy head very tattle is,
Id thy off* shbuhter It leans avinle.
SPEIJSER'S PASTORALS.
CORBETTEIS (F.), At~tions or aieches wherein images
of saints, &e. are placed.
1ýTe 1I6* the hacking in masonries
- As. co~elt  and. images'iee.
CHAUCER'S Houss OF FAMu.1
C&RI6 vA~I' (F. cordovan), leather prepared              after a
*pa'rficnlar Mlanihe"r at Cordova, in Spailn, and hence
so called..
His here, his herde was like saffioun,
That to his gircdle raught adown,
~1is ahoon of cordewane.
CKAUC9It1s RHYME9 OF SiR THopAS.
*    BiiWklS he wolre of dostllest cordewaine.
Spsesica's F. QvpssN.
CORU~rTHIjAN,. a cant term for a, profligate person, a
forniqator,;    it took    its rise  from    the  licentious
manvers of the people. of Corinth.
I am no proud Jack., like Fqlstaff, hut a Corittthian,
i ~Iaidf mettle.                           1 PAskr K. Rik~. IV.
CORIVAL (L. rivalia), a rival or competitor.
And uvahy taoi'e m'itsdl. bud dear'taeii
Of etiathftof 69d coaananli Ift *fts.       IBaw.
MtIlfiIt Wear without corival all her digniltiesi  lIIBn.
CORNA-MUTE (F., 0 rnemuae), a sort of rustic flute.
Whore on those pines tile nelghbossring groves #,mong,
bIMr galahds, OoIes, -anhacorna*sates were hung'.. 1. 1.DRAYTON.
CoiN~ier'    (L.,cornutua), a cuckold, from           the sup+ p i"  4  his wearing horns.
1The peekiag cornpeto her husban4.
MftaiY WIkv4s 07ý WIN'DSODR.




ETYMOLOGICAL XDJQT1QNjARY*   8


1.83


CORONAL (Q. F..catwa), 4 crown or garland; also,
the head or iron point fixed to the top of 4t spepar.
Aii4 Xyq Itivhsad, that gpete syre,
Leete sette thereoqa a cwuq7Qfi keeue.
R031. OF RICH. COEUR 1) IPS O1..
Now ito tnere shall these smooth brows be begirt
With youthful corosuzts.
FLETCHERI's FAITHFUL SHEI'ERDES'5.
CORVEN, carved, cut out; in some old auithors-it is
spelt kerven.
And maay corven sword
Made ladye without lorde.
RONe. OF K. ALI~SAmDS9.
Hils rode was redde, his eyen grde ns goos.,
With Pole's (i. e. Paul's) windows corvess on his shoos.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
COVER (0. F. couau), a botcher or tailor, and aca
Icording  to,. Minsheu a cobbler; as. the word          is.
derived fromn the French coudre, to sew, it may
a.pply to either trade.
Do you make an alehouse of my lhdy's house, that ye squeak
out yew 04n ceejve tches without miltigationI
Tw:41.vTn NIGHT.
C08SET (it. eazeeicoio), a lamb brought up without
the. damn; the term is also applied to a calf'or colt.
And If thou Wilt bewail my wofu1 te~a,
I shall give thee yon cosset for thy pains..
SeRSB'urSa SHXFHRwiDS CAL.
C09TARD~ and:COSTARD MONGER, said to be derived from; the old English word coster, the head,
which is the ancient meaning; it is al-so the name
of a large apple, from its resemblance to the head,.
and hence eootard monger is a general term for a.4"Ier in uppl~ea, aod a word of cogptnpt for -low
PAO4 vulpr jmanpers..
&~2 -



184


184      A- GLOSSARIAL ANDI


I wyll rap you on the coatard with my boneOLID INTXRLVDE OF 'HYCKE kCoawas.
Well, knave, an I had thee alone I wold surely rap thy coatard.
0. P. OAMMAR GUATON'S NXEDLN,.
Virtue is so little regarded in these coat ermonger timies,, that
true vatlour is turned bear herd.
2 PARTt K. Him. iv.
COSTREL, a wine bottle, said to be derived from.cQster, the head; anciently the wine bottle had a
long ne'ck, and was largre and globulous at the
end: it also, figuratively, denoted a drunkard or
wortbless fellow..See "1Coistrel."
And withal a coatrel taketh he tho,
And saled hereof a draught br two.
CMAL~cwt's Liuu. or 11rxnmxsstxsra.
Nothing but that such double vaoijtrea *A you be ame c~ounterfelts.
0. P. MOTHER DoBIsNa.
COTE (F. eotk), to go side by side with. Dr. Johnson's meaning, to overpass or leave behind, is not
authorized by the authors quoted toa support it.
We coted them on the. way, and hith er are they coming..
Marry, we presently coted and outatript them.
RSTURN IFROM PARNAsSB.
CGTQtUEAN,. a man who busies himself in such of the
household affairs as are appropriated to females.,
Dr. Johnason -is clearly wrong in deducing the word
from  the Frenjch coquin;- it is evidently and properly derived from the S. cot,. a cottage, and cwen,,
a girl or woman.
Go, go you coiqucan, go;
Get you to bed.'       RoMNO AND JUL15T.
A sta~teswomnan is as ridiculous a" a coquean,
ADDISON.COTSWOLD GAMES. In the time of James 1. Robert
Dover, a public spirited attatney, 'procured leave

4




E'VY1%0Z9GICAL DVICTIPNARY.  g


f8s


to  i nsti tote certuin rurstl games or sports, *Von
Cotswold Hills, in Glosow~tjershire, wbich obtaiw~d
greswt repute, anid were rnot only frequented 4~y the
nobility and gentry, but were, the subject of -comnmendatory verses from R1. Jonion, R~andolph, andother poets of the age.          Dover was the chief
director of the sports, which COn~tiriued till the
rebellion of 1,640 put a stop to them.
Will you up to the hill of sports, then, and merriments',
Dover's Olympics or the Cot~ssofdgntes?
O.*.P. Tire JOVIA16 CREW.
COTTON, to unite with, to amalgamate or mix to..
gether; a cant word, still in vulgar usie.
lUds foot! I1 must take some painss, I see, or we shall never
have this geere to eotton.         GREENE'S Tu Quo~uEi.
Does not this matter cotton as I Wrould?
0. P. ALEXAN;DER A4bN eAMPASPVr.
COUNTER (F. eompteur). Pieces of false money used
in reckoning and numeration were- so called.,
Will you with cososters Pum
The vast proportion of his inflni~te?
Titrn. AND CRUBRIDA.
COUNTER-CARTER, a term of contempt fo~r an arithmetician. Before the invention of arithmetic, it
was the custom to reckoui up sums of mon~ey, &c.
with counters, and bence this term was applipd to
aperson expert 4tt this method of numperation.
By debtor and creditor this counter-casterr,
H~e In goodl time anUatbes lientenant be.  O-ruELLO.
COUNT ERIFEASASCE (F. eonirefai~ance), forgery, the
act of. counterfeiting.
ThIr goo~ty comotuayle~ssnce he did frame,
The shield and arms wci -known to be the samne.
SpEcNisa's F. QuzzEN.
R3




186


A GLOSSAIlAL AND

COtTNTERPLETE (from the French contreplie), to
bend or bow. In Tyrwhitt's Glossary, it is said
to mean " to plead against," but no authority
seems to justify that interpretation.
For love ne will not counterpleted be
In right ne wrong, and lerne that of me.
CHAUCER'S P. TO LEGEND OF GOOD WOMEN.
COUNTERPOINT (F. contrepoint), a coverlet for a
bed, now called a counterpane, from its having
been formerly made with panes or partitions of
linen, &c. of divers colours, since denominated
patch work.
In ivory coffers I have stuff'd my crowns,
In cypress chests my arras counterpoints.
STAMIN OF A SHREW.
COUNTOR    (F. conteur).    This word has puzzled
Mr. Tyrwhitt, who gives no satisfactory definition,
of it. Todd defines it to be "an auditor," from
the F. compteur, a reckener; bttt he is mistaken
both in the derivation and definition. A contour
was a person retained' by another to defend his
cause or plead in any court for a stipulated fee,
and they were anciently called serjeant-countors,
as may be known by consulting Coke upon Littleton
and Horn's Mirror, c. des Loyers.       Cotgrave
explains conteur to be an attorney or counsellor.
A sheriff had he been and a teotour.
Was no where such a happy vavasour.
CHAUCER's Pao. TO CANT. TALS*,
Or stewards, coteours, or pleaders,
And serve God in ypocrisie.
CIHAVcEa' PLOWMAN's TALtS




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


187


COUNTY (0. F. counte), a title of honour, sometimes
called an earl, but frequently denoting a nobleman generally.
Gismund who loves the County Palurin.
0. P. TANCRED AND GISMUNDA.
I think it best you married with the county.
ROMEO AND JULIET.
COURE (0. F. couvre), to bend down, to lean over,
to stoop in the hams; a word still in use in the
Midland Counties.
They coure so over the coles, theyr eyes be blear'd with smooke.
O. P. GAMMER GuaTON's NIEDLE.
He much rejoyst and cour'd it tenderly
As chicken newly hatcht.
SPENSBa'S F. QutBEN.
COURT CUPBOARD, a moveable piece of furniture,
anciently fixed in a recess, and generally ornamented with painting and gilding; it served the
purposes of a modern sideboard and held the
family plate and china.
Here shall stand my court cupboard with furniture of plate.
O. P. MONSIBUa D'OLIVE.
Court cupboards planted with flaggons, cans, cups, beakers, &c.
O. P. MAY DAY.
COURTPIE, a sort of gown or cloak,          Strutt thinks,
and with reason, that it was a tunic or short surcoat.
Full thredbare was his over courtpie,
For he had yet gotten him no benefice.
CHAucXa's CLXaR or OOXNFORD's TALL.
In kirtell and a courtepy, and a knife by his side.
P. PLOWMAN'S YISION.
COUTELAS (F.),a short broad sword; it is sometimes
spelt cutlas, and, by Shakspeare, curtleaxe.




AGLOSSARItAL AND


In one hand held his targe of steel embost,
And in the other grasp'd his colitelas.
0. P. Cq&W.LaA.A gallant curtleea.e upon my thigh,
A boar Spear in my hand.
As You LIKE IT.
COUTJI (S. cut/i), known, in opposi tion to uncouth,
strange or unknown.
Loke, boy, ne be naught betray'd
Qf coowlk e -strange.
RON. OF OCT. IMP.
COVENA'NT.-     An   engagement called the solemn
league-and covenant was made by the Scottish
parliament (temp.. Charles 1.),      and afterwardstaken by both hotises of parliament in England,
and by the city of London, the professed object of
which was to unite the two nations more closel y"
in religions matters.
Irsevah. 0 once to lieat atike:
For cov'snat and the eause's sake.
TIUnIBRAS.
COVENTRtY BLUE,. The city of Coventry was famous,
some ceaturies ago, for making blue thread, which
was. used to adorn various articles of wearing"
apparel, &c.; the trade, which flourished andi
enriched the place many years, decayed in conse.,quence of the importation tof either a cheaper or a
better article of the same kind.
Though he perfumne the table with rose cake, or appropriate
Bone lace, or Covefttty blew.
S8"M1RBNiDN'8 SATYRICAL ESSAYS,
It W"a a espie mpicia U&U4Ws"ht with coen"atl bfite.
LAUGH AND Lin DowNz.
COVENTRY MitSTURIES: This city, before the sup..
pression of the monasterie,..was famous for the




ETVM0LOGIC*fL DICTIONARY.


I" I


enactment of certain theatrical pageants, called
rnyster'es, compiled.from the Old and New Testa-.
mnert; the performers were the friars, wvho had a
theatre placed upon wheels and drawn, as occasionrequired, to various parts of the city, for the con's
-venience of    the   spectators.    These spectacles,.
particularly on Corpus Christi day, brought a
great influix of people from several counties -to see
the pagreanits.
ror oft In thd play of corpuis Christi
Ile hath play'd the devyll at Conjentde,
fJMu 1tmrmittwo Tito Fottit P&
Covzitoniv (F'. couvroohef ), a kerohiot, covering,
or head dress for women,
Rho wrapped Q1 about@ hor hsdd*.
CNVwAveas Romp' or Top noon,
CovERCLRc (F. cotewero-le), a cover or lids
A 11tel Youindel as a eerele,
Parauventwe as brode as a eenerelo.
CHAUCU9R'S ]BOOK OF FAIMx
CovXiTOUR (F. couverttre), a coverlet, also the
eovering or armour for a horse.
Mqny justvr in cove,.tour,
Money knight in riche armure.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRS,
For here under this corertour
I wol have thee to myn amour.
lIBX.
COVETISE (0. F.), avarice, inordinate love of money.,
Under villainy I comprehend murder, treasn, theft, cousenage
tCut throat, couetise, &c.P.PlqLSXSUP TTxDi:V16
Thy mortal covetice perverts our laws.
()..P. CoaxaMAAs.


a




1190


190        GtQ.5$ýARIAL AND


COVINE (0, F. ccwint), a deceitful agreement between
two persons to in~jure, another; it is now only used
as a law term-, adsometimes for craft or deceil
generally.
Wicked tonge which that thq'cotine
Of every lover can divine.
CHAVOIJOaL ROM-. oP TIrs Rosa.
Let us have the beard without covin, fraud, or dehay.
0. P. XIP*SCOWLESTAFF. See (IColestaff."
COXCOMB, the cap of the domestic fool formerly kept
by kings and other persons of rank, so called from
having a piece of red cloth -sewed at the top,
notched to resemble the comb of a cock; it bee
came afterwards and still is a term usd to denote
a frivolous conceited fellow: it, also figuratively
signf6ed the head..
Why, this follow has banished two, of Ions dugbqrs, aud 414
the third a blessing agsalnst her Will; if thou follow htim, thou
must ueeds wear my cewcopO.                    K. LZAS.
I thick yom set notbiaig by a bloody eewsom6.
TWELFTH NIGHT.,
Pm cut on the coxcomb.
0. P. Ties Wosisaum Qo A KxwOZ44.
f scorn., qeoth she, tbost, C9JqQI 'Jl~ys
Quarter or counsel from a foe.      HUDIURAS.
Coy (0. F. coyer), to' flatter,,covix, caress, or fondle.
A servant aez, soon proud if they be coy'd.
Swwxv'zys ARCADIA.
Come, sit theedown upon this gow'sy bed
'While I thy amiable cheeks do coy.
~o'rr~ ee' " Cos~treL'"
CofTits (D. co-ete), a.game of skill, i0 wluicb;k piece
'of iron- or other th"ing is thrown to a certain point
or mek fixed in the ground, now called quoit&.




MTYM0L0GtCAL DICT16NARY,


191


Playing~i tat est, or nine hooles, or sebooting at buttes 3
There let them be' a Geaddes nanke.
OLD 1'TJtmaw, Tira ftv Cusrost.
B~e plays at Twoff well.
2 PART K. HEN. iv.
CRACK, a word taken firom the old Icelandick lftn'
guage, signifying a boy or child, but generally
applied to an ingenious and witty one.
20is a notable crack.     0I. P. Wmir-DAy.
Here's acrack!
I think they suck this knowledge ifi their milk.
MA9sssreua'es UJVATULAAL COAW
A notable dissembling lad, a crack.
0. -P. Tax POOR ArPwcNTzcE5s oie LONoeeI~.
CRACKROPE, a term of conempt -used to any one,
intimating that he deserved the gallows.
You codshed, you cracke rope, you 4chattering pye.
0.. APPeScr AND VIRGINIA.
Then let him be led through every streete in the town,
That every, crac/crope may fling rotten eggs at the clown.
0. P. Tie: Two ITALIAN GENTLEMEN.
CRAKcii(F. crac),, to boast; it is still in. use with the
vulgar, as to crack, is8 to -brag.
Slalmderoiss reproaches and foul infamies,
Leasinges, backbltlngs, and vAin glorious 'crskcs.
SPENSER's F. QuEEzN.
Out of this fountain proceed all those cracks anod brags.
BvsaTeNs AtqAfr. OP MELANCHOLY.
Each man may era/ce at thAt which was his own.
Ma.FOR MAO.
CRAMP RINGS, rings made out of the handles of decayed toffins, and supposed to be a*'charm           against
the cramp, and hence so called; they were previonsly consecrated by- tile kings of England, who
Iafteted mot cvlIy t 'W ee the kil~gs VviI bill; the




192


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Which shows like an agate set in a cramp ring.
O. P. THE ROARING GIRL.
I Robert Moth, this tenth of our king,
Give to thee Joan Potluck my biggest cramp ring.
0. P. Tua ORDINArY.
CRANK    (Du. onkranck), sprightly, lively.
A shepherd, sitting on a bancke,
Like chanticleere he crowed cruncke.
DOWSADBLL.
CRANKLE      (Du. krinkelen), any thing of an unequal
surface, an angle, a winding passage, a sinuosity;
a crank or crankle is also a conceit, by twisting a
word from    its original meaning, perhaps what is
understood by the modern word pun.
And (or the house, it crencled to and fro.
CHAUCER'S LiOGND OF ARIADNE.
So many taming cranks these have, so many crookes.
SPKNsa's F. QuVEN.
Quips and crankt, and wanton wiles.
"MILTON'S L'ALLEGRO.
CRAPLE (Ger. krappeln), a claw.
Soon as they did the monstrous scorpion view,
With -gly craples crawling in their way.
SPENSER's F. QUEEN.
CRAPULA (L. crapula), sickness occasioned by intoxication.
The drunkard now supinely snores,
His load of ale sweats through his pores;
Yet, when he wakes, the swine shall find
A crapula remains behind.           CoTroN.
CRARE     (0. F. craier), a     slow   unwieldly trading
vessel.
--- To shew what coast thy sluggish crart
Might easiliest harbour in.           CYMBKUXaS.
CRATCH     (F. creche), the open frame in which hay
is kept for cattle to feed; the childish anmtement




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


193


called cratch cradle, is an intended representation
of the figure of the cratch.
Begin from first where he uncradled was
In simple cratch, wrapt in a wad of hay.
SrENSER's HYMN OF HBAVENLY Lovz.
CRAVEN, a word of disputable etymology, but applied to a cowardly recreant, a person who in
single combat yielded to his opponent by crying
craven; probably, as Dr. Jamieson observes, from
the old French     creante, a term in feudal jurisprudence, by which homage was rendered to a
superior.
----   And on his craven breast
A bunch of hairs.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
Is it fit this soldier keep his oath?
-He is a craven and a villain else.
K. HEY. v.
CREANCE (F.), faith, belief.
And afterwards in hal to bin drawe,
For we reneged Mahounde our creance.
CHAUCER'S MAN OF LAWKS TALK.
CRESSET (F. croissette), a beacon light set on a
watch tower; it was also fixed in a moveable
frame or cross (from whence its name) and carried
on poles in processions.
The front of heaven was full of fiery shapes,
Of burning cressets.
1 PART K. HEN. Iv.
Pendant by subtile magic, many a row
Of starry lamps and blazing cressets.
PAR. LosT.
CROFT (S. croft), a little field or close adjoining a
dwelling house.
-   This have I learned
Tending my flocks hard by the hilly crofts.
MILTON's COMUS.
S




194


A GLOSSARIAL AND


CRONE (crone), an old ewe; but, as a word of contempt, signifies an old woman, though crony,
which is a derivative from it, means an old acquaintance or boon companion.
But it were only dame Custance alone,
This old soudannesse, this cursed crone.
CHAUCER'S CANT. TALES.
--    Take up the bastard;
Tak't up I say, and give it to thy crone.
WINTER'S TALE.
Choss. In the time of the plague in London, Queen
Elizabeth, by an ordinance, directed the mark of a
cross to be set upon all infected houses, which
regulation was enforced by her successor, James I.
during the great plague in 1603.
---     Where there is lodg'd a whore,
Think the plague's cross is set upon that door.
0. P. Tea ROYAL KING AND LOYAL SUBJECT.
CROSS AND PILE.     Anciently the coin of England
was stamped with a cross on one side; the reverse of the coin was called pile, but etymologists
-differ about the derivation of that word; it has
been said to be from the Latin pilum, an arrow,
or pileus, a hat or cap, or from the old French
pile, a ship, and from the English pillar, from
these various figures being impressed successively
upon the coin. The word pile, however derived,
became a term   denoting the reverse of a coin,
whatever figure such reverse bore, and hence the
game of chance called cross and pile took its ori-gk, being simply the tossing up of the coin by one




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


195


person and the other calling cross or pile, and if
his call lies uppermost, he wins the stake played
for, and loses it if otherwise; it is now called heads
and tails and various other names, and its origin
may be traced to the Greek ostrachinda. A cross
is also a figurative name for money generally.
That you as sure may pick and choose
As cross I win and pile you lose.
HUDIBRAS.
Whacum had neither cross nor pile,
His plunder was not worth the while.
IBID.
CROSS BITE, a cant term signifying a cheat.
I will convey, cross bite and cheat upon Simplicius.
0. P. WHAT You WILL.
Like one that is employed in catzerie and crssbiting.
O. P. THn Jaw OF MALTA.
CROSS ROW, but oftener called Christ's cross row,
the alphabet, from the circumstance of its having
the figure of a cross placed at the beginning.
He hearkens after prophecies and dreams,
And from the cross row plucks the letter G)
And says the wizard told him that by G.
His issue disinherited should be.
K. RacH. Il
CROUCH (from cross), to cross, to make the sign of
the cross.
I crouch thee from elves and fro wicked wights.
CHAUCsRa' MILLEsa' TALB.
CROWD (Br. crwth), an ancient stringed instrument,
supposed to be something like the modern violin;
it is certain that the fiddle has borne that name
and the performer called a crowder some centuries
ago,
The pipe and tabor and the trembling crowd.
SrSNasn's EPiTr.




196


A GLOSSARIAL AND


0, sweet consent, between a crowd and a jew's harp!
O. P. ALEXANDER AND CAMPASPE.
Wait mannerly at a table with a trencher, and warble upon
a crowd a little.
B. JONsoN's CYNTHIA'S REVELS.
CRUSH A POT. This cant word was anciently used
by the vulgar as an invitation to drink.
Come, George, we will crush a pot before we part.
O. P. GEORGE A GREENE.
If you be not of the house of Montague, I pray come and
crush a cup of wine.
ROMBO AND JULIET.
CRY AIM, a phrase taken from archery and signifying to consent or approve of any thing.       When
one person had challenged another to contend in
archery, the spectators used to saycry aim, i.e.
accept the challenge, by requiring the challenger
to aim or begin the contest.
0 Brutus, speak 0 say, Servilius!
Why cry you ayme and see us used thus.
O. P. CORNELIA.
---     The traitors once dispatched,
To it, and we'll cry aim.
BJAUMONT AND FLBTCHER'S FALSB ONS.
CRYANCE (F. crainte), fear.
Quoth he, if cryance come tell my heart
I am far from any goode towne.
O. B. SIR CAULIVE.
CUCKOLD. When any person was awkward in
carving a joint of meat, it was a custom to tell the
operator to think of a cuckold, the origin of which
is said to be, that one Thomas Webb, an eminent
carver to the Lord Mayor of London in the time of
Charles I. was a well known cuckold, and hence
the proverbial saying..i




T   yrm LOG rA     DICTtONARY.             191
So when the mistress cannot hit the joint,
" Think on a cuckold," straight the gossips cry;
But think on Batt's good carving knife, say I.
BATT UPON BATT.
And make as nice distinctions serve
To split a case, as those that carve;
Invoking cuckolds' names hit joints.
HUDIBRAS.
CuiaRPO, a Spanish word, signifying to be without
an upper cloak or coat, so that the shape of the
body may be seen; 'sometimes it is put for naked.
Exposed in cuet7o to their rage,
Without my arms and equipage.
HUDISRAS.
CUISSES (F. citisse), armour to protect the thighs.
I saw young Harry with his beaver on,
His cuisses on his thighs.
I PART K. HIEN. Iv.
CULLION     (F. couillon), a mean wretch, a scoundrel,
a rascal.
And Midas like, he jets it in the court,
With base outlandish cullions at his heels.
0. P. K. EDWARD 1.
And perish all such cullions as repine at his new monarchy.
MASSINGER's GUARDIAN.
CULLIS (F. coulis), a sort of strong broth or gravy,
used for the purpose of restoring- worn out con.
stitutions or strengthening feeble ones.
He that melteth in a consumption is to be recur'd by cullises,
not conceits.
0. P. ALEXANDER AND CAMPASPZ.
CULPON (F. coupon), a piece cut from any thing; a
thick short piece of wood is intended to be designated by the quotation.
He hath anon commanded to hack and hew
The okes old, and laie hem all on a rew,
In culpons well araled for to brenne.
CHAUCER'S KNIGHT's TALE.
S3




198


A GLOSSARIAL AND


CUNNING (S.connan), wisdom, learning, skill; this
term had not its modern signification of craft or
shrewdness in the time of Shakspeare.
Prefer them hither, for to cunning men I will be very kind
and liberal.
TAMING OF A SHREW.
Why should not I be as cunning as Appelles?
O. P. ALEXANDER AND CAMPASPE.
CURFEW (F. couvrefeu). A law was made by William the Conqueror ordering all persons to put out
their fire and lights at the ringing of a bell, at
eight o'clock in the evening; this law was repealed by Henry I. Anno 1100.       The bell was
called the curfew bell, and the name is still retained in many counties to designate a bell rung at
bed time. In the early ages, fires were made in
the centre of a room, in a hole dug for that purpose, under an open outlet in the roof for the
emission of the smoke, and when the household
retired to rest, the fire was extinguished by a
cover placed over the hole; hence the term couvre
feu.
---- That rejoice
To hear the solemn curfew.
TsMPBST.
None since the curfew rung.
MEASURE FOR MEASURE.
CURIET (0. F. cuirace), a breastplate or corslet,
from cuir, leather, breastplates being at first made
of that material.
And put before his lap an apron white,
Instead of curiets and bases fit for fight.
SPENSER'S F. QvsUBI.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


It99


CURIOUs.      This word was frequently used in the
sense of not scrupulous or ceremonious, a meaning
which it has now totally lost.
Why, Toby may get him to sing it to you; he's not curious
to any body.
0. P. EASTWARD HOb.
Lady, our fashion is not curious.
O. P. ANTONIO AND MELLIDA.
CURMUDGEON (F. cctr mechant), an avaricious fellow or miser.
Nor shalt thou find him a curmudgeon,
If thou dispatch it without grudging.
HUDIBRAS.
CURST (Bel. korsel), froward, shrewish, malignant,
malicious, crabbed, sour.
--      Her only fault
Is, that she is intolerably eurst.
TAMING OF A SHREW.
I was never curst; I have no gift at all in shrewishness.
MID$. NIGHT'S DRaAM.
CURTAL (F. courtalt), a small horse, so called from
having his tail docked or curtailed.
Tom Tankard's great bald curtal, I thinke, could not break it.
O. P. GAMMER GURToN's NEEDLE.
A dog whose tail had been cut off by the effect of
the forest laws, to hinder him from hunting, was
called a curtail dog; and, by abbreviation, a worthless dog is at this day called a cur.
She had transformed me to a curtail dog, and made me turn
i'th' wheel.
COMEDY OF ERRORS.
CURTLEAX.      See "Coutelas."
CURULE (L. curulis), a chair or chariot, in which
the Roman ediles curules were carried; the term




200


A GLOSSARIAL AND


is used to signify magisterial or belonging to the
magistracy.
We that are wisely mounted higher
Than constables in curule wit.
HUDIBBAS.
Who deserves the civic wreath,Who to fill the curule chair?
LEFTLRY.
CUSP (L. cuspis), a term        in astronomy to express
the points or horns of the moon or other luminous
body.
I'll find the cusp and alfridaria.
O.P. ALBUMAZAR.
CUSTOMER, a common prostitute.
I marry her I-What, a ceatomer? Prythee have some
charity to thy wit.                        OTHELLO.
I think thee now some common customer.
ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL.
CUT AND LONG TAIL, a vulgar phrase, formerly in
use to signify all sorts or descriptions of persons
or things.     In Todd's Johnson it is said to be
borrowed from     dogs; but it is more probably in
allusion to horses, the tails of which, being docked.
or suffered to grow    at length, distinguished those
which were kept for common work from those
which   were used for shew        or splendour.     The
quotations justify this elucidation.
Your worship has six coach horses, eut and long tail, two
runners, &c.
SIR I. VANBURGIo'S Eso'P
I send all in cut and long tail.
O. P. A MATCH AT MIDNIoHT.
As long as it lasts, come, cut and long tail, we'll spend it liberally.
O. P. TmE REzTRN TO PARNASSUs.
A common horse was called Cut, in reference to
the mutilation of his taiL




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


201


I pr'ythee, Tom, beat Cut's saddle, put a few flocks in the
points; the poor jade is wrung in the withers.
1 PART K. HEN. IV.
CUT PURSE, a thief, one who cuts purses from the
girdle, where in former times it was the fashion to
wear them.
Alack! then for pity must I bear the curse,
That only belongs to the cunning cut purse.
B. JONSON'S BARTHOLOMEW FAIR.
An open ear, a quick eye, and a nimble hand is necessary
for a cut purse.
WINTER'S TALE.
CUTTER, a cant word for a blustering swaggering
knave.
He was a cutter and a swaggerer.
O. P. THu FAIM MAID OF BRISTOW.
He's out of cuh, and thou know'st by cutters' law we are
bound to relieve one another.
0. P. A MATCH AT MIDNIOU'T.
CUTTLE (S. cutele), a species of fish which, being
pursued, ejects a black liquor, which darkens the
water and favours its escape by rendering it invisible; it is used figuratively to denote a foul
mouthed person.
Away, you cut purse rascal I'll thrust my knife in your mouldy
chaps, an you play the saucy cuttle with me.
2 PART K. HEN. IV,
CYNARCTOMACHY (Gr.), a word used by Butler, to
signify the fighting between dogs and bears, or
bear baiting.
That some occult design doth lie
In bloody cynarotomachy..
HUDIBRAS.
CYNOSURE      (Gr.),    the  constellation   called   Ursa
Minor, situated near the north pole.




20.2


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Where perhaps some beauty lies,
The cynosure of neighbouring eyes.
MILTON'S L'AJ.LIORO.
CYMaR (0. F. chamarre), a loose gown or robe, any
slight covering.
Her comely limbs composed with decent care,
Her body shaded with a slight cymar.
DRYDaN.
D.
DADED, held up by leading strings, as children are
who are incapable of walking. Todd refers the
word to the Isl. dudda, to be slow footed; and
Brocket to Germ. tandeln, to loiter or totter. To
dawdle or walk with an unsteady pace is derived
from this word.
The little children when they learn to go,,
By painftl mothers daded to and fuo,
DRAYTON,
DJEDALE     (L. dedalus), to      form   curiously, from
Diedalus, the Greek artist; variegated.
Then doth the dadal earth throw forth to thee
Out of her fruitful lap abundant flowers.
SPENSBR'S F. QUEEN.
DAFFE (Su, Goth. doef), a stupid foolish person.
And when this jape is told another day,
I shal be halden a daf'e or a cockenay.
CHAUCER'S REBV's TALE.
To daff is used by Shakspeare in the same sense
as doff  i. e. to do off, to put aside, or cast away.
I woulI have dci'd all other respects.
MucH ADO AROVT NOTHIniO




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


203


The nimble footed mad cap Prince of Wales
That daj'd the world aside.
1 PART K. HEN. It.
DAGGE (0. F. dagge), a pistol or hand gun, said to
be so called because used by the Dacians. The
stabbing weapon now called a dagger was also so
named.
Or dare abide the noise the dagge will make.
0. P. ARDEN OF FEVYRSHAM.
----     Dags and pistols!
To bite his thumb at me.
0. P. THE MUSES' LOOKING GLAss.
DAGG AND DAGON (S. dag), a slip, shred, or small
piece of any thing.
Or give us of your brawne, if you have any,
A dagon of your blanket.
CHAUCER'S SOMPNOUR'S TALE.
And high shoes, knopped with daggs.
CHAUCER's ROM. OF THE ROSE.
DAINTREL (0. F. dain), a delicacy.
Hail, fellow Hodge, and wel to fare with thy meat if thou have any,
But by my words, as I them smeled, thy daintrels be not many.
O. P. GAMMER Guwrow's NEEDLE.
DAIS (F dais), the table elevated at one end, in halls
or dining rooms of persons of rank, at which the
master of the house and his guests usually sat; the
lower part of the table was occupied by persons of
inferior quality.
A doughtie dwarf to the uppermost dais
Right pertlye gan pricke, kneeling on knee.
KYNG RYENCE'S CHALLENGE.
This Cambuscan, of which I have you told,
In royal vestiments sit on his deis.
CHAUCER'S SQUIRE'S TALE.
DAN (L. dominu*), a word used by the Saion and
old English authors to signify a lord or master; in




204


A GLOSSARIAL AND


poetry, it is generally used in a ludicrous sense.
Spenser says of his predecessor, ChaucerOld Dan Geoffry, in whose gentle spright
The pure well head of poetry did dwell!
This Signior Junio's giant dwarf, Dan Cupid.
LovE's LABOUR LOST.
DANK    (G. tunck), moist, humid, damp, or inclining
to be so.
To walk unbrac'd, and suck up the humours of a dank morning.
JUL. CEIaAR.
He her, the maiden, sleeping found,
On the dank and dirty ground.
MIDS. NIGHT'S DREAM.
DAPPLE (from apple), to streak with various colours;
that which is streaked or variegated.
But under him a grey steed did he wield,
Whose sides with dappled circles were endight.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEr.
From his watch tower in the skies,
Till the dappled dawn doth rise.
MILTON'S L'ALLEGRO.
DARKLING (from dark), without light.
So out went the candle, and we were left darkling.
K. LEAR:
----    The wakeful bird
Sings darkling, and in shadiest covert hid
Tunes her nocturnal note.
PAR. LOST.
DARRAIGN (0. F. desrener), to prepare for battle,
whether by an army or by single combat.
Both sufficient and mete to darreine
The battaile in the field.
CHAUCER'S KNIGHT's TALE.
Therewith they gan to hunten greedily,
Redoubted battle ready to darraine.
SPENSER's F. QUEEN.
DASSCHEN, a word of uncertain etymology, signifying to invade suddenly, or to do any thing in a




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


205


prompt and fearless manner. The word is still in
use; as, to dash on, to cut a dash, &c.
Heore speres barsten ageyn theo seheldis,
They dasechen over into the feldis.
Rom. or K. ALISAUNDRE.
DASE (S. dezian), to overpower with light, so as to
confound, stupify, or dazzle.
For in good faith thy visage is full pale,
Thine eyen dase sothly as me thinketh.
CHAUCER's NONNxx  TAL1.
DAYESMAN, an arbitrator or umpire. The word day
in the Saxon and many other languages signifies
judgement or doom; in this sense it is used in
the Scripture-" Every man's work shall be made
manifest, for the day shall declare it," I Cor. III.
20.
If neighbours were at variance, they ran not streight to lawe;
daismen took up the matter.
INTERLUDE, THE NBW CUSTOMS.
-      For what art thou,
That mak'st thyself his dayesman?
SPzNSER'S F. QUEEN.
DAY-LIGHT.      To burn day-light, was a proverbial
expression to signify the doing a useless or unnecessary thing, as the burning a candre in daylight.
Tyme rouleth on, I doe but day-light burne.
CHURCHYARD'S WORTHINESS OF WALES.
Come, we burn day-light.
ROMxO ANO JULIET.
DEAURATE (L. deauro), gilded, adorned with gold.
Of Phaebus' light was deaurate alike.
CaAucaR's COMP. or THE BLACK KNIGHT.
DEBEL (0. F. debeller), to conquer or overcome in
war.
T




206


A GL6SAARIAL AN


---- Him long ago
Thou didst debel, and down from heaven sent.
PAR. LOST..
DEBORD     (F. deborder), to run to excess, to overflow, to exceed the proper bounds.
The shadowing foorth my drafts may not debord
From sacred mirror of thy saving word.
MoRa's TRus CRucIFIx.
DEBOSH'D (0. F. desbaucher), the old way of spelling debauched, and having the same meaning.
With all the spots of the world tax'd and debosh'd.
A LL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL.
With such a valiant discipline she destroy'd
That debosh'd prince.
0. P. THE CITY NIGHT CAP.
DECREW      (L. decre8co), to decrease.
---   Sir Artegal renew'd
H is strength still more, but she still more decrew'd.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
DECURT     (L. decurto), to shorten or abridge.
With reverend curtsies come to him, and bring
Thy free and not deeurted offering.
HaRRICK'S HESPERIDES.
DEEM    (S. deman), opinion, judgement, surmise.
What wicked deem is this?
TRol. AND CRESSIDA.
DEFAIL (F. defaillir), to faint or become feeble, to
fail from weakness.
Which to withstand, I boldly enter thus,
And will defail, or else prove recreant.
0. P. Taz Dv.iB KNIoHT.
DEFEAZANCE (F. defaisance), the defeating or annulling any contract or stipulation by a condition
which, if performed, destroys the contract; it is a
law term, but in poetry signifies defeat generally.
After his foe's defeasausce,, did remain,
Him goodly greets, and faire does entertain.
SPxNsza'a F. QVaIN.




ETYMOLOGICAL'D1CTIONARY9


207


DEFOULE (F. deffiler), to defile or bring to'shame.
Al.inm his hand, even dead, we honour should;
AhIdearest God,, me grant I dead be not defoadedi
DEFT (S.- darft), neat, spruce, handsome, nimble,
dextrous.
Come, high and low,
Thyself and office deftly show.     AST.
They dauncen- defly and singen soot.
dP14qRaISa F. Quigirl.
DEtoRTr(L. dehort or), to dissuade, to advise against
the doing any act.I
I will write down to the country to dehort
The gentry from comngn hfttw.
0. P. Tun WIre.
DECLATION (L. deklaio), an accusation. or impeachment.
They ase close delationse, working from the heurt.
OTHULLO.
DELIBA'rE (L. delibo), to sip or taste'.
Butt when he has travelled and delibated the French eand the
Spanish, can lie abed and expoend Astrma.
0.?P. Tsax ANTQ~aIY.
DELICES (F.), pleasures or delights.
Aud under sonne of all spices,,
They hadclen savour with delices.
Rom. oy K. Avis-,&uzqazi
DELL'(S. dal), a deep ravine or valley
Under some shady dell, when the cool. wind
Plays on the leaves.
FIETCUUXR'S FAITHFUL SseaismNXXSS.
I know each lane and every alley green,
Dingle and bushy dell, of this wild. wmod.
DEMAYNE (F. demaine), possession; a word swill in
use in law, signifying 'lands held by the lord and
manually cultivated by him.




208


208      A GLOSSARtAL AND


That soifred thea Duyk Hirkan
To have yn demayne other woman.
Rom. oF K. ALISAUJDRK.
DEMwsp (L. demittere), a law phrase, implying a
grant for a term of years; it is still used in leases
as a word of conveyance.
Tell me what state, what dignity, what honour,
Can'st thou demise to any child of mine.
K. RscnIARD I'll.
DEMISS (L. derniisgsu), bumble.
le doune descended, like a most demisse
And abject thrall.
SPENSUR's HYMN OF HEZAVENLT Lovic.
DEMORRANCE (0. F. demot'), demur, doubt, delay.
To sea the contlnusaunce
Of Darie's court naun demorraunce.
Roms. ow K. AJBAUNIDRE.
J)ENAY    (0. F. denoier), the old word for deny.
The proof is so plan,. that no man can denag.
INTi. or Tus NuW*CJ5TowE9.
My love can give no place., bide no denaS,.
TWELFTH1 NIGHT.
DENIER (L. denarius), a small French coin, the
twelfth part of a' 8ou8.
You will niot -pay for the glasses you have burst?.-No. not a -denier.   IIWDUC. To TAxING OF A SHREBW.
My dukedom to a beggerly denier.
K. RICHARD 111.
DEODAND (L. -deodaiuium), the personal chattel
which is the immediate cause of the death of a
person by misadventure, forfeited to the king-, to
be applied to pious uses.
For love should, like a deodand,
Fall to the owner of the land.
HUIDIDRAS' H9RO. EPIs.
DERACINATEC (F. deraciner), to root up, to force up
by the roots.




"ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


209


- While that the coalter rusts
That should deracinte anuch savagery.
K. HNi. V.
DERAY     (0. F. de8roiq), disarray; also, the noise
and confusion of battle, violence, disturbance,
clamour.
Have whoso the maistery may,
Afeormed fast is this derae.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
DERE (S. derian), to hurt or injure.
Were his malice not great, his might nought were;
He thretteth fast, but little may he dere.
CHAUCER's PRO. TO CANT. TALUS.
DERN (S. dearn), Dr. Johnson defines to be cruel
or barbarous; but no authority seems to justify
this definition.   It appears to have more than one
meaning, and is used to signify mournful, sad,
secret, dear.
This clerk was cleped Hend Nicolas,
Of derne love he could and of sulas.
CHAUcRR's MILLER'S TALE.
Heat him, for derne love bent him.
O. P. Tit: ORDINARY.
Seeking adventures hard, to exercise
Their puissance whilom fall dermly tried.
SpiNsus's TuHESTYLIS.
DEROGATE (L. derogo), degraded.
Into her womb eonvey sterility--
And'froaf her derogate body never spring
A baje to honour her.
K* L*AR.
DERRICK, the name of the common hangman about
the year 1608; he is frequently mentioned with
Gregory and Dun (also executors of the law) in
the old dramas.
Pox o' the fortune teller! Would Derrick had be6n his
fortune seven years ago!
0. P. Th: PURITAN.
T 3




A GLOSSARIAL AND


210


He rides his circuit with the devil, and Derrick must be his
hoste, and Tiburne the inne at which he will alighte.
DKKXAR's BELLMAN OF LONDON.
DERRING (S. dearran), bold, daring.
From thence I durst in derring to compare
With shepherd's swain whatever fed in field.
SPENSER'S PASTORALS.
DESCANT (F. deschant).         The noun signifies a song
or tune in parts; the verb, to discourse or declaim,
and it is in general used contemptuously.
---     Nay, now you are too flat,
And mar the concord with too harsh a descant.
Two GENTS. OF VERONA.
For on that ground I'll make a holy descant.
K. RICHARD 11.
DESSE (0. F. deis), a footstool, whether fixed or
moveable.
Ne ever durst her eyes from ground uprear,
Ne ever once did looke up from her desse.
SPsNSgA'S F. QUEEN.
DESTRER (L. dextrarius), an armed war or tilting
horse, so called because it was seldom mounted
except in battle or at a tournament.
His bright helme was his wanger,
And by him fedde his destrer.
CHAUCEa'S RHaYM OF SIR THOPAs.
And trussed heore someria,
And lopen on heore distreris.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRI.
DEUCE (L. dusius), a ludicrous name for the devil,
from the Arm. teus, a name at one time applied as
i well to good as evil spirits.
"Pwas the prettiest prologue as he wrote it;
Well, the deuce take me if I ha'n't forgot it.
CONORRVE.
DEVIL. The devil was a prominent character in the
early dramatic entertainments, generally pour



ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


211


trayed with a flaming red nose, dressed in a calf
skin and the customary appendage of a tail; his
usual cry was oh, oh, oh!
For oft in the play of Corpus Christi
He hath play'd the devil.
INT. OF THE FOUR P.'s.
But, Diccon, Diccon, did not the devill cry oh, oh, oh?
O. P. GAMMzR GURToN's NBDLs.
DEWTRY (L. datura), a species of plant, growing
in the East Indies, the flower and seeds of which
have a peculiar intoxicating quality, by which the
imagination is said to be powerfully affected.
Make letchers and their punks with dewtry
Commit fantastical advowtry.
HUDIBRAS.
DIFFICIL (F. diicile), difficult, not easy.
That Latin was not more diicil
Than for a blackbird 'tis to whistle.  IBID.
DIFFIDE (F. defier), to have no reliance upon, to
distrust.
The man dfdes in his own augury
And doubts the gods.            DRaDBN.
DIGHT (from the S. dihtan, to regulate or prepare),
to deck, embellish, or adorn.
Or who shall dight your bowers sith she is dead?
SrBNsaa's DAPHNAIDA.
Rob'd in lames and amber light,
The clouds in thousand liveries dight.
MILTON'S L'ALLR-ORO.
DING    (Gae. dingum), to dash down with violence;
a word still in use in many provincial places.
I will defend the feminine to death, and ding his spirit to
the verge of hell.
INDUCTION TO O. P. or ANTONIO AND MELLIDA.
Brought on a fresh supply of halberdiers,
Which paunch'd his horse, and ding'd him to the ground.
0. P. Tza SpANISH TRAAS.




A GLOMAIIAL-ANfl


DINQLE*(S. din), a, hollow space between two hills,
a coIe..
I know each lane aild every alley green,
Dingle and bushy deli, of this wild wood.
COM US.
DINT (S,. djpit), a stroke or blow; also, the cavity
or impression made by a blow.. The word is bothl
written and pronouced dent in the Midland Counties.
Much daunted with that dint, her sense was da~ed.
Srz~szia's F. QUEEN.
Yclad in mightie armnes, and silver shielde,Wheren ald fns$ of deep woundes did resualne.
IIDJ.
DISCOURSE: (L. discursue), to traverse to and fro,
to go hither end thither; literally, to run about.
The word is now only used to signify mutual converse or intercourse of language.
At list the caitiff, after long diseourse,
When all his strokes he saw avoided quite,
Resqiv'4 III oRS't t w'w~ &UgSL  balhs force.
IBID.
DTS~1,t~TS   F.)    Owh open Qr nucovervd part.
Alisaundre was sone hym bye,
And smotisym in the discosnverte.
Rust. air K. ALISAUNnas.
Discuim      (F. decouvrir), to reveal or make known.
A fosl~he was, to jeopad 4iis 11f,
For to diecure his counsaie to his wife.
LYDGATE'S lusT. or Tnisss.
Iwill, if ýplease- you, it dlsiare assay,
TO 400 Y,~ 01 f thpw iW.ý
SFeUNaSa's F. quZxN.
DiSCUST     (from   L. disecutio), to shake off.
That all regard of shame she'had discust.
IIDs.
Du~z1'~.~v~(Fi.), Without hope, despair.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.                      213
Betwixen hope and dark disesperaunce.
CHAUCER'S TROI. AND CRESS.
DISLOIGNED (0. F. desloier), withdrawn, secluded.
Low looking dales, disloigned from common gaze,
Delightful bowers, to solace lovers true.
SPENSuR'S F. QUKmN.
DISME (F.), the tithe or tenth of any thing.
That In the point, as it is axed,
The disme go'th to the battaile.
GowxaR's CoN. AMx.
DISPART (F. departir), to divide in two parts, to
separate or break.
Hard is the doubt, and difficult to deem,
When all three kinds of love together meet,
And do dispart the heart.
SrBNsIn's F, QUEzN.
-       The rest to several places
Disparted, and between spun out the air.  PAR. Lop'.
DISPITEOUS (0. F. despiteus), void of pity, furious,
malicious.
The knight of the red cross, when him he spy'd;,
Spurring so hot with rage dispiteous.
SBrNSza'S F. QUEVN.
DISPORT (0. F. deport), sport, merriment, amusement. Chaucer uses it to signify a dramatic entertainment.
As she had full stuff'd a male
With disports and new plaies.
CHAUCRx'S DnuMz.
She list not here but her disports pursued.
SrsxNSz's F. QUEN.
He often but attended with weak guards,.
Comes hunting this way to disport himself.
3 PART K. HBw. vi.
DISPURVEYANCE          (0. F. dispourvoir), a         want of
provisions.
No fort so fensible, no walls so stronge,
But that continual battery will rive;
Or daily siege, thro' dispurveyance long.
SPeNsxR's F. QuAsN.




9 14ý


~l4Qs        j O3OSARj-Aj AND:


DiSRANK (0. F. deerertg), to degrade in rank or
station, to put out of order.
-Nor hath mny life
Once tasted of exorbitant effects,
Wild longings, or the least of dlaranet shape$.
0. P. PARASITABTUR.
OW of thy -part already;- fll'd the scene,
Disrank'd the lines; disarm'd the action!
DEEKAR'ls SAVROMAST1X.
DISTRAUIGHT (L. dis8tractu8), distracted.
As if thou wert dietreuglit and mad with terror.
K. RiCHARD Mt.
o 1 if I wake, shall I not be dhisrazghlt
ROMXO AND JVULIT.
DizZARW (S.. diti), a fool, a blockhead.
What a revengeful dinmard Is this 1I.P  ioA
ThIs is sm armant coxcosab, a mere diwaerd.
DaAAYrOX' MOOCeALF.
Dooic.    "In dock, out nettle," a formula of words
used by children. in curing       the oting of a nettle,
which is done by layinge the leaf of the butter
dock uport the part Stung, and repeating by-way
of chasm, "in dock, out nettle," till the. paia is
abated.
But oan'st thou piny at racket to and fro.?
Nettle in, dockc out; now thi, noV tha,1Pondure,
CHUsuCZR's Taox. AND CRNss.
Is this joy in, dpeck, owt ne~tte? What's ipsey for her?
0. P. MORNc DzssUssstuas JSlE5WE WOMEN.
DODGE, a low word, signifying' to follow a person
from. plac0 to place with a design to watch him or
discover his intentions. Dr. Johnson has not cof'4
rectly defined its meaningr, and has confounded it
with dogged., surly or intractable.
I have,ted84 him like his murderer. Tz]T  11T




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


215


If we meet in the city, we shall be dodg'd with company.
MiDs. NIHoT'S DaRAM.
Are not the speedy scouts return'd again
That dodged the mighty army of the dauphin?
1 PART K. HlN. vi.
DODKIN (Dn. duytken), a small coin, the eighth
part of a stiver, a little doit; used as a contemptuous term for things of the smallest value.
Well, without halfpenny, all my wit is not worth a dodkin.
O. P. MOTHsR BouMBx.
DOFF, to do off, to put off; particularly applied to
dress. It is sometimes spelt daf.
Dof this habit.
TAstING or A SHRKW.
You have deceiv'd our trust,
And made us doff our easy robes of peace.
1 PART K. Ha. iv.
I would have daf'd all other respects, and made her half myself.
MuAc Auo ABOUT NOTHING.
DOGBOLT, a term of contempt, of which the derivation and meaning is no where found.            Dr. Johnson's suggestion respecting it is very questionable.
May it not be a corruption of dolgbote, a Saxon
law  term for a recompense for a scar or wound.
His only solace was, that now
His dogbolt fortune was so low,
That either it must quickly end,
Or turn about again and mend.
HUDIBRAS.
DOGGEREL, a term of uncertain derivation, but ap*
plied to irregular poetry, without regard. to metre
or the ordinary rules of verse.
When terms begin and end could tell,
"With their returns, in doggerel.
IBID.
Who, by my muse, to all succeeding times
Shall live, in spite of their own doggerel rhimes.
DRYDEN.




216


A GLOSSARIAL AND


DOIT (Du. duyt), a small Dutch coin of less value
than a farthing.
Supply your present wants, and take no doit of asance for my money,
MaRCIANT OF VJNIEE.
When they will not give a doit to relieve a lame beggar.
TKMPZST.
DoLE (S. delan), generally any thing dealt out or
distributed, but particularly the alms or provisions
given away by the opulent. " Happy man be his
dole," became a proverbial saying, and is frequently used by Shakspeare.
----   Deal (quoth he) a dole,
Which round (with good men's pray'rs) may guard my soul.
O. P. THE WONDER Op A KINGDOM.
Had the women puddings to their dole?
GREENE'S TU QUOQU.v
DON, to do on, to put on, to invest, the contrary of
doff.
'The purple morning left her crimson bed,
And don'd ber robes of pure vermillion hue.
FAIRFAx.
What! should I don this robe?
TITUS ANDRONICUs.
DONJON (O. F. dongeoun), the highest and strongest
tower in a castle, where prisoners are kept; now
corrupted into dungeon.
The grete toure that was so thick and stronge,
Which of the castle was the chief dongeon.
CHAUCKR'S KNIGHT'S TALE.
DONZEL (from the low Latin domicellus), an attendant (male or female) on persons of distinction,
now under the word damsel, applied to females
only. Butler uses it as the diminutive of don,
contemptuously.
But if the devil's of your counsel,
Much may be done, my noble donzel,  HUDIBRAs.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.                     217
He is esquire to a knight errant, dozel to the damsels.
BUTLaX's RXMAINs.
DOOLE (0. F. dole), sorrow, lamentation; sometimes spelt dole.
Whipping her hore, did with his smarting toole
Oft whip her dainty self, and much augment her doole.
1rxNsrn's F. Quvsr,
------ They might hope to change
Torment with ease, and soonest recompense
Dole with delight.
PAr. LosT.
DORTOUR (L. dormio), a sleeping room or dormitory.
His deth saw I, by revelation,
Bayde this frere in our dortour.
CIAUCER'S CANT. TALUI.
DOSSER (F. dossier), a basket or pannier, carried
on the back.
The milk maids' cuts (i. e. horses) shall turn the wenches off,
And lay their dossers tumbling in the dust.
0. P. Tax MaaRR DEVIL or1,DMONTON.
Whither are you riding with this burthen in your dosser?
O. P. WOMAN Is A WfATmancoeZ.
DOTE (Du. doten), formerly signified to be mad, but
subsequently denoted weakness of mind, or intellect impaired by age or passion; in this sense it is
still in use.
Now let ich doubt what Gib shuld mean, that now she doth so doDe.
O. P. GAMMNR GURTON's NjEXDL.
Thy age and dangers make thee dote.
CoUDb or EaRRORs
DOTTEREL, a silly bird, which imitates the action
of the fowler, and is taken by the stratagem.
He alters his gait with the times, and has not a motion of his
body that, like a dotterel, he does not borrow,
BUTLaIt' CAaACTRA RS.
Our dotterel, then, is caught... P Ta OLD COUPLE.
U




. IA CIOSSSAIAL tAND.


DOUBLEz auvr, a game at cards, supposed to be
somewhat like our present whist.
I am play, at nothing so well is double mf
0. P. A WOMAN KILL'b WSTEt KzNjrNrss.
DOUGHTY (.8. do/dig), brave, noble,. virtuous,..VaIiap, pow ecful; it is sometimes 'used ironi cally
Destslzg how that dassk*y toraauaeat
WithL.geatust hoaotr be achieved might.
Sw~sesina' F. QuEENv.
Hte i's made as strong as brass, is of brave yesrs too,
And daw~kt, of omwplerlon.
LEAUMbNT AND' 5FL5TCH5ER'S Rutu A WIFEB, &C.,
DOU T, to do out,, to extinguish; it is still used by
kthe6 vulgar.,
"mh drsam of base
Doth all the noble substance often dout
To his own scandal.
HARLET.
DoWLE, a word of doubtful ety~mology but signifying the downy part of the pluimage of abi~d.
SAMd swuve by et.&es hartes blood
Me would Wns tma every doute.
CH'AucE'S Rom'.' oF T'i ROSEc.
-~As dlgimilih
One dowul that's in my plume.
DRAPET     (F. drap), drapery;        used by    Spenser to
*signi fy the clo th -with * hich a lable was decorated.
Then she him brought into a stately ball,
Wbereln were many tables fair dispred,,
And ready dight with drapet..
DRAWBRt (So tdrquet~), a tapstr, onue who draws
liquors &r t-he guests of an inn, now superseded by
the more mode'rn' word waiter.
I am swamn brother to a leah of da'wers.
1PAST I. SlEW. IT.




ETYMO LOG ICA L.DI "IONA RY9


219


Put on two leathern jerkens %nd aprfts, v~d wrait upon him
at table as drawers.
2 PART K. Uzsv. iv'.
DRAZEL (F. droolesse), a dirty slut, a dnib.
ý1o* dwels ech droasel in her glas;
When I was yong, I wot
A tub or panle of water clere
Stood ats Instead of glas.
WARtNXR' AL31oNV's ENOLAND.
That when the tine's expir'd, the draeads
1Poe e~er may beoure her va"sAw.       JiVIBIRAO.
DR EN,    (S. drenmean), drowned.
Nor so great wonder and astonlabment
Did the most chaste Penelope posseuse
To see her lord that was reported dreest.
ArxseVIa's F. QU23sr.
tDaSs181a KNOCKCING. A custom prevailed formerly
for the' cook to knock on the dresser,, to intimate
to the~servan'ts that the d&aer was ready to be
carried into the- dining' hall. In the Northumberfa
land theusehoWd book,~ direotwn~ -are jivo ozr bi
sub~e,ý and the custom        is frequently Wadled to inm,Hark! they knock, to the dresffer; we'll but dine anad avay
0.P. Tax TOVXIA. CREW..
When the dresser, the cook's drum, thunders,, comes on,
The eewvvm wil be lost elsg.
0. P. Tax UNNATURAL COMsBAT..
PROLtER~Y (F. drolerie), the old 'word. for the- drolls~t
or exhibitions at fairs.
A living dvejery now I will baevle~
That there are unicorns.               TE&MPEST.
DRUERIE (F.),. kve, friou4bhlp, gAlvantry, atrhction;
to, all1 these tW6 *word is applied by old authors.
Manymaiiden her, 4ruerie.:       RO-oC.ALAND




220


220      *A G-LOSSARIAL AND~


Ich underfong this present,,
And thank her that thee hither sent,
Her druerie ich underfong.
0. B. Guy 01 WAtwicz..
DRUMBLE, a drone or lazy person i to. drumble is to.
be sluggish or inert.
Take up these clothes here quickly: where's the cowistaff?
Look how you drumable.    MER     IZOFWNS.
1kB (0. F. adouber), to confer knighthood by
striking a blow with a sword; also, to confer any
honour or dignity.
Theo knyghtis heore body dabbet&;;The waytes blow, the belle ryngjes.
'Ron. OF L% ALR51?N)25
What! I mus wb'd? I have It oE my shoulder.
The ealos oerwon wdow nd erself,
Are -nightby gossips in this monarchy.
K. RICEARD II?.
Dvr~azolt (Ger. dtg'en), a irnall dagger. -The term
*as applied, to- a diagger having a dudgeon haft -or
handle, supposed to be a plate of defence for the
hand: this explains the quotation from Shak..
spear, where a distinction. is, made between the
blade and the dudgeon, andý renders unnecessary.the emendation of the cpzmmenrtator., who pro-0
posed to read.-" and on the blade o'th dudgeon."
And on thy hld-ande 4s 40" d osgout.-of-bood.
MACBETN.
of guity elsm of many a thwack,
With ds.~eon daggr at Lis back.
k.Coi'rom's Vluio.; TRAY.-To take in dudgeon., was to, resent an affront inwardly, previous to any o'utward'show of offence.




hTVMGLGGICAL DICTIOPARY6   2


221


When civii duo,4g ta5t olew W&
And men fell out they knew not why.
f~~l*~
DUKE HUMPHR.EY. In the old church of St. Paul's,
one of the aisles was called INhIv jiIumphrey's
Walk, from a received opinion that Humphrey,
called the good Duke of Gloucester., was buried
there, whbich was not the fact; he was buried at
St. Alban's, and' the m'onu-ment in St. Pauils'i, spposed to be his., was that of 'Sir John Bea'uchamip.
As many pe~rsons, who had not- the' means: of procuring a dinner, spen't that hour of refection* in this
public walk,. it becamie A proverb to 'Say of a person who from necessity could not procure that
meal, that he had dined with Duke Humphrey.
Are they none of Duke Mumpkreg'8 furies?ý DO you think that
they de'rs'd this plot in Paul's to get a dinner?
0. P. A MKATCII AT ý*IVNIGUT.
To seek his din4er In Poules with DueS' Humphrey.
GAR. HARVBY9's Fouj LaTTicRS AND SO.NNETS.
DUMB' 8HEW, & kind of pantomnimical exhibition on
the -stage, generally preceding each act of the
ancient draMa, with intent to conveiy t6 the audience such parts of the plot of the pic        s could
not conveniently be included in the narrative.
ror in, svop abew. witich were theym )at ~p
Would ask. a long and tedious circu~lstapce..
0. P. Tnu Foun wa wficas ok LONDoN.
Who for the most paft are capabe of nothng but inexplicable
dumb skews.
HAMLET.
'Soot) he 16 vanished aw siddlealy as a, dumsb Mewe.
0. P.. Tsas HOG HaATH LosT His PEARXL.
u 3




222..-A GLOSSARIAL AND


DUMP (Goth. domp), sorrow, sadness, and hence a
melancholy tune or air became so called.
There is howling and schowling, all caste in the pumpe.
0. P. GAMMEIA GURToN's NEEDLE.
Bits all old thoughts to die in dsmpish state.
SPENSER's F. QuEEN.
---- To their instruments
Tane a deploribg dunmpa
Two GzwTs. or VaRONA.
DUN, the name of the common hangman, circa 1645;
his predecessor was Gregory Brandon,.and his successor Jack Ketch, whose name still survives, and
has been appropriated to every finisher-of the law
since his death.
Proscribed in law and executed;
And, while the work is carrying on;
Be ready listed under Dun.
HuznsanAs
Had tied it up with as much art
As Dun himself could do.
CoTtroNs Viae. TRAY.
DUP, to do up, to open as the latch of a door.
Ich weene the porters are drunk. Will they not dup the gate
to day?                          0. P. DAMON AND PYTRIAS.
Then up he rose and doln'd his clothes,
And dupp'd the chamber door.
HAtarT.
DUREKSE (F.), imprisonment, severity
Love hath to him great distresse,
He hath no need of more dureebe.
/              CUaAucaa's Rom. or TIa Rosa.
DWALE (Ger. dwralen), a narcotick herb, called also
deadly nightshade.
-       Him needed no tsvele;
The miller hath so wisely bibbed ale.
CiAucRa's Rmax's TALE.
Arise anon (quod she); what have ye dronken dwale?
CaArUca's CoUaR or Lovx.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


2238


E.
EAGER (F. aigre), keen, sharp, biting.
It is a nipping and an eager air.
HAtMLaT;
EATH (S. eathe), not difficult, easy.
For much more eath to tell the starres on high,
Albe they endlesse seem.
SreNSzR'S F. QVUN.
Were ease abounds, its eath to doamiss.
IBxD.
EAVES DROPPER         (S. efese and    droppa), a person
who listens under the windows of a house; that
is, under the eaves or edges of the roof overhanging the walls.
Such language as no mortal ear
But spiritual eaves droppers can hear.
HUDIBiAS.
What makes you listen, then? Get further of.
r preach not to thee, thou wicked eaves dropper.
DRYDEN'S SPANISH FAlkR.
ECSTACY     (Gr.), a word formerly         used to signify
disturbed intellect or aberration of mind; in this
sense it is now obsolete.
Now see that noble and most sovereign reason
Blasted with ecstaey.
HAMLWr.
It was also used to denote anxiety or uneasiness of
mind.
-   Better be with the dead,
Than on the torture of the mind to lie
In restless ecstacy.              MAcsTm.
EFFORCE (F. eforcer), to force by violence, to violate by force.
Them to eforce by violence or wrong.
SrsNsse'e F. QVasN.




224?A, CLOSSAA4AL -AND


EFT` (S. eftan), soon, quickly, speedily, again.
Eft through the thick they heard one rudely rush.
S~zNszit's F. QUBZN.
For so, at least, I have preserved the same
With hands profane from being eft betray'd.
FAIRFAX.
EFTS8OON (S. -eft and -soon), soon afterwards, in a
short time, ag-ahi.
Eftseoms dismounted from his courser brave.
Sreresza's F. QUzzN.
This said, he ture'd about his steed,,
AOd eftsoon8 on th' adventure rid.
EGCAL (F. h~ga1), equal.
And such an egainesem bath nature mad 'e
'Bet~ees the brethere of one fttler's Seed.
o. P. Fesasa AND) PPaeXX..
____And for extent
Of egef justice used in sueh contempt.*
Trr. AlNDRONXCUS.
EGGEMEN'r(,Tgai)                   nueet           incitement,
pioduremest;      we -still use    the phrase     "to    egg
Wf--t  d in*stigate.,
bthe is that truwg% wofaa'51 egemeent
Mankind was borne aO Owpaed aye to die.
CHAUCan's MAN 6P LA-Wzs TALE.EisEL (S. ai~il), vinegar,.ny stron~g acid.
With eseel stwon; and Pager,
* kid~tliprrttshe wat iee shd mneage.
CHAucea'8 Rom.. OrFTEE Ro,.
Like a wJjJJPg Potim4t I wi41 dri
EKE'(S. eacO, oils~o, likewise.         5;   esSNES
Most brisky JuveuvC and eke most lovely Jew.
MmD$. NOM'ST DRsAhi.
And l to fPsAhl pkuafed..
MsCAav WIVes or WINws01.,




ETYMOLOGM~AL DrcTtONARY.


225


ELANCE (F. dlancer), to, throw or cast as a lance.
Harsh words, that once elanced, must ever Sty.
PRsosK.
ELD (S. eatet), a general term for old agt and decrepitude, and sometimes for old persons.
To elden Ibike had made her eid.
CHAUCER's RomE. 0P Tax Rtoss.
As feeling wond'rous comfort in her weaker eld.
SPeSNxa's F. Quuew.
Thy blazed youth
Become assuaged,, and doth beg the alms of palaled ekL,
MEAS. FOR MNAs.
]ELDRIDGE     or ELDRnud.          The   derivation    of this
word is not found in any of the old glossaries; it
is chi 'efly used in Scottish   poetry, and has variouti
meanings; as, hideous, wild, ghastly, &q.
The aidride knight, s0 mlckle of might,.
WHil examine you beforne.   02     i.CU-xi
Watbly of forme with crukit csmscho belk,
VgSO=e to here wealiihs.wll. eiriche shriek..
GAVIH Dov'o&A,..
The creature gave an eidritc/s laugh.
BURNS.
ELENCRII (0. F.'elenclhe), a sophistical argument;.falsehood under the semblance. of truth.
And I will bring you with your pack
Of fallacies t' elenckt back.
OUDISRA89
ELIP (S. xdfq), a fairy or hobgoblin. of diminutive
s tature', and hence it became a general name fors
a dwarf.
The elf queene with her Joll comnpagne,
Danced ful oft in many a grene made.
CHAUCeLR's WIsC 01P DAm..
Fairy elv~es,
Whos midnight revels by some forest side
Or fbuntan,, some belatei'peasaist sees.
PAR. Los?.




i2a


226      A GLOSSARlIAL *WW'


ExLs' LOCKS, hair twisted -in knots, suppoised to be
done by the fairies.
This that very Mabj,
That pls tste inumes of horsms banthe night,
And bakes the eQf locks in foul sluttish hairs.
UDUKO AND JULUTir.
ELIMINATE (L. elimnino)., to liberate,, to set free.
Lock'd up thou'rt hood all Q'er,
And ne'er climixsat'89 thy door.
LoVLAAcaeSs LUCASTA.
E LOIGNE41 (F. etoigner), to remove one from anothe~r, to put at a distance.
From worldly. eres he did himself eulep*es
To sager destiny as she doth as~
HOeW I    ghusay though she #fme  so tam'.
EMBAY     (F.' baigner), to bathe, we t, or, wash$
ftr in her sbusmig bloo4 he 414.,bq
IRIS Uwte tandbe
SeWXIssas F. Qvsvx.
EMABRAVE'(from brave), to adorn' or make Ane by
dress.
The great earth's womlý they open to the sky,,
Au wVtA is" cypress see* It M
EMBROUDEn          F   broder),    adorned    with   needle."
work, vinbroidered.
*     mssrouded was he, as it were# a mede;
Ahtll &Uatfresh Bowes, both White andlrto&
iCHe&ucc1s EN*IoXT's TUm.
EKEic (S. eame),' an -unc'le.
aWhis they were young, Cassibelan,, their cirw,.
Was b)7 the Pa*u ebosen io t*air stga4,
'Shu~sua's F. QUhsN,
EsikkW (from mew), W~ coop or -mew up.
Nips youth1   MIt A ea" ~  few"e do*h eWMs
As the falcon do*h the fowl.
MEAS. FOR MEAS.




I10TYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.                   227
EMPALE (F. empaler), to enclose with pales, to fence
or fortify.
Round about her work she did esapale
With a fair bactr, wrought of sundry ftow'rs.
SrzNszaR's F. QuEEN.v
And when I have the bloody Hector found,
Empal. him wit yo" weapons round about.
Taos.' AND CISESSIDA.
EMPEACH (F. emjpescher),, to oppose or hinder.
There an huge heap of singulfes did oppress
His struggling soul, and swelling throbs empessch
His falt'ring tongue.
SrPENEER's F. QuEEN.
EMPERY (0. F. empere), empire, sovereignty, rule,
dominion.
Or there we'll sit,
Ruling in large and ample emperyf.
K. HENI..
What right had Cmear to the emvpe,ýP.'
0. P. TEE JawO oF MA LTA.
EMPIGHT (from pight, to pitch), fixed, fastened,
placed.
Exceeding grief that wound in him em~pight.
SPawsIM's F. QUEENl.
Then forward rush'd, Impatient to descry
What tdwas aid castles therein were #**spdh.
WJWav's EDUCATION.
EMPimsE (F. em~pr4.se) a hazardous attemipt or enterprize, of which last word it is an abbreviation
Tournays he heeded not, nor war's einpriae.
AucAsasiNAND NicorLjt't.
A double conquest must you make,
If you atchieve renown by this emprise.
FAIRFAX.
Emurit (F. e*m'ufer), to strivre to. ekcel, to r~i~vls to
equal.
He sitting me beside, in that same'shade
Ptovoked me toplay some pleasant At$
Yet emuling my pipe.
SratSAXS' rf. QUAXW.




228


A GLOSSARIAL AND


ENAUNTER.       No derivation is given of this word in
any of the old glossaries, and its precise meaning
is not settled. Todd supposes it to refer to anent,
but without probability, as no definition of that
word corresponds with the sense of this. It is said
by one of Spenser's commentators to mean lest that,
and the Glossary to Weber's Metrical Romances
explains it by the word against.
To juste with hym efft with launce,
Enantyr hym tydde swylk a chaunce.
ROM. or RICH. CVUR DE LION.
With them it fits to care for their heir
Enaunter their heritage do impair.
SPENSER'S SHEP. CAL.
ENCHESON (0. F. enchaison), cause or occasion.
Thus shalt thou mourn and eke complain,
And get encheson to gon again.
CHAvcER's RoM. OF THE RosE.
Certes, said he, well mote I shame to tell
The fond eacheaso that me hither led.
SPENSnER' F. QusEN.
ENFEOFF (a law       term, from   the low    Latin feoffamentum, signifying to give lands, &c. to one, or to
him and his heirs, by the delivery of seizin and
possession of the property), to surrender or give
up.
Grew a companion to the common streets,
Enfeof'd himself to popularity.
1 PART K. HEN. IV.
ENFOULDRED       (F.foudre), mixed with lightning.
Heart cannot think what cries,
With foul enfouldred smoak and flashing fire,
The hell-bred beast threw forth.
SpZBNsa's F. QusEN.
ENGLISH     MOLL.     This woman's name was Mary




ETYMl~OLOGICAL.DICTIONA flY.


TFrith, commonly called Moll, Cutpurse, -i notorious
4+rostitute, -procuress, and thilef, generall~y habited
as a man, and with a ferocity of countenance and
chlaracter that would not have belied the worst of
that sex; she lived, in the time of Charles. 1. aned
though 'giajity'of numerous crimes, which deserved
'the e~itreme- punishment of. the law, she died,peaceably in her 76th year.
A bold vIn~go, stout and tall
As Joan of Francs Or RAO"i. J1611.
ENGORSC (from ýgore),.ýo pierce or pr~ick.
As savage bull whom two fierce mastift bait
When rancour doth with rage him once engore.
SjPNsXR's F. QuNaxV.
ENGRAvEs (from grave), to put in the grave, to inter.
In seemly sort their corses to engrave.
ENsAMPLE (0. P. ensample), pattern, example.
Upon his feete and in his hand a stae.,
This noble ensample to his shape he yale.
CHAUCAR'S PRO. TO PA~asom's TAL11.
ErisooNcE (Teu. einschatxen), to hide or entrench.
I will ensconce me behind the arms.
MERIRY WyIVs OF Winnsqoa.
A fort-of error to ensconce
Absurdity and Ignorance.
ENsEAm (from seam), to enclose.
And bounteous Trent, that in himself eaeeams
Both thirty sorts of fish and thirty sundry stroaam~.
SIANSta's F. QVSrazW.
ENTAIL '(F. entailler), -to'carve, enlay,, or e'nzrave.
With thre lupardes, wrought fut weilo.
An helme he hadde of ryche entaule.
Ron. or Riclc. 4/    Sid.
x




-A GLOSaARlL&L ASR, I


All bsx'4 with gIda* bead4 whieh won."#e&a~~
IM~ curifts anticks.P.Q                   *
EfqticNTri(1r. atfteter), attack.
Ferumbro then Can to assay
If he tt *Ahat AMptYey Wetft
Six FsILUMhsAs9,
lkkiTY(.enia)           a meta'physical term, signifyIng being, es~elnce,, or a particular species' of being.
j4!  i Darthope., Iearth's dowry asid heaven's debtp,
The entity of thingS Skt We blt!*t.
HereUU~~ qsiW~      CRASHAW.
1Uavaf *tf dUSMbtau"ey.
HUDIDRAS.
ENTRALL (Ut. itf~eier*), to sxirrlgler, dii'ersify,, or
interweave.
a%-     A little wicker basket,
wit 6f line twigs, entrailed curiously.
About the which two serpents weren wound,
Entrayled usutually.      SSa~1.Qxw
ENTRsaitaZs (F.tes),coce dishes, served in
between.the ooumse of a feast.
I wtift if tu 5ft Ese and pees.
ENUCLEATE (L - e *44M))~y ft m&It, excplain, or disentangle; literally,' to take ýout the kernel from
the nut.
Oh!I tlat Icvould emwcleftkv
And SbLve the ffrobfeni cof my fate.
-EP~EtM'A1j~q, a $*f~it tUtm in! tlte tinle of Shakspeare,
the precixe meaming of, which is not Mscertai~d~
bu~t 'is sup'p'osed to miatig y a loper or dissolute




STYhOIL@GICAL -, ICTIOUSARYM3


231


What sapy,.--ARph1e40f lai WAV4 of thea". eikuieh.
2 PART JK IFZN. 47.
IN to thine h)Mt, thine- pheeean call%.
ERINNYS     (G.,the fury of discord, but used its
p oetry- to signfy mischlief or discord in general.
Al puissant lords I what cursed evil sprite
Or fell erMtyjs in your noble harts
ile Mtiit bmo. kti" kbadled f
S~utsieu F. QueEN.
No maore the-thirst~y erfimsy# of this soil
044P *Wmbbw AF v* hwarm bilWreae blood.
1 PART K. HuBr. IV.
ERIC: (S. etsrg), slothrtxl, lay, Wie;. it. is still im
use in the word. irksome.
AM    t   $4WObe 0  or
a~& * sithes haunt that werke;
CWAM~iUs "ak. or     RON&4,5
ERRANT (F. err nt), roving *or wAndering-, a na~meapplied to an.ieder of bnigts who went about to,
redress injuries; in its genari see        it. mea    &
deviation from a reer- course, anid,. by implica--
tion, a vicious or abandom' ekuacwsr.
Chief of domestic knights and Wrrestt
M~tkW.&r 4&ari oer "wemat.IRUPAitu
Thy company, If! I i.ptvatvery witl
A-Di~ft. wsM keft *a~ emetm *55.
~.76osssoNe'S CATALINZ.
ERRA' PATER, the real or fietitious name, of an astrologer, who -fiourisbed some, centuries ago, but of
Whomr n6tbinib mbre than''thenaim'e' ip'pears recorded. Butler sarcastically' gives- Wth.:LMy$.tws
".t"obegerAh. name of Erra Pater.
1.2.-;.




282,A GILOSBARIAL AND


in 'Mathematics he vwe. geete
ThgarTycho Braht or. Err.; Peter4 s DSA9
An almanack was. called Erra Paler, fromn its.
being adorned probably with the head of the as*.
trologer.
Dirty December with a face as old as E.rr. Pater,
B EAUMONT ANjD FLETCHJCIIII SCORT4PUL LAMly
ERST (S. aersta), formerly, heretofore, long ago,.
Erst wer you father, and now must ye supply
The mcothtr's part also, for lo now here I ly.
1'. T Momi
Thitt eftl did Woitw thy prot4 ahwrtot whetle.
Raouim      (0. IF..fAiwer), to avoid; shun1 or shrinI
from*
The old Pee' Olw forpast, lot up eacfut
Aud ly the fVO.0 wIth which we Olld Oftnd.
Opywo-v'g 1rQvsw
EaCRITE. (F. ~.0rnpe), a. writing.
I trowlt were to long to you totn4r,
If!I yoti told of ei'ery'escrite and bond
1ý7whaolsberwasfeoftd irkhis lofde#
CHAUCER'S MBACNIANT's TA&E,.
ESVRANCE(F.), hope.
To be worst;
*The lowest most dejected thing of fortune
Muds W in  ~mweK. LIAR9.
ESPIAL    (F. eajner), a spy,, one sent to brifng intelli."
gence or mal~e discoveries.
Will so bestow ourselves, that seeing, unseen
We may of their encounter frankly judge.
PiAMLST.
ESS'OIGNK (F. esunik9, an excuse; it is a law term,.
Signifying   alegal. excu      for not appearing      or
answering a process..
Hei myght make non easoigne.       o. u




EC~~b~bGU   ~          ~OL 4Z~a1A   3
ESTfltrCKr, a bird of thae largest spocies, now written
ostrich.
All fuirn~i'd,, alli n arms, all plum'd like eetridgea.
I'tAR'? K.; Hem.- tr.
The peacock not at thy cauazaaa wrasqas
Her glorioig train, nor eatrich her rare plutnes.
E~sTuits (L. eetuo), violent commotion, the swell
and fall of water.
The seas retain,
Not only their outisgeous estuive there,,
But supernatural mxiasief.
CHAPMAN.
V'TkRNIC (0.-F., eerxe~), perpetual, W~ithut limit,
eternal.
But in tienature's copy's nbot terne.
14ACDETH.'
lEVANISH; (L. evaliteco), Wodis'appear, to esrcape- lax..
perceptibly. -
Or lke thirain-bove's lovely font;i
Ruaniakiag amid the storlak.
1VVITATE (L. evito),' to shun, avoid, or escape froift.
Thereia sheý dotb evt~ae aai4 s:W4
A thoumaad lzrelgiciul cturded bourn.
MIaLXY WIVES OF, WINDSOR.
IEWFTES (Seew'at er lizards, 'Called also oewts,
and efts.
Onlly theme mariges and mdle b69ggs0
In'whiWlthe. fearful rwffte do build their bowers.
lVXEQUgIS'. (L. ea'equimr), funeral rites',
fflooas5bleDuke bf Bedford, late decess'd;,
But see his esiquiea fulledibhan3wm
I PART X. l11EN. Vi.Whatevet eye sAMU i d tka hatefui sctoli,
Aftge the date of amy~ear exequies. IIAXLL' $ATfluE5.
]EXTE91j, (L. ei'tervsu*); vislblk) outward.
Ix3




234                A   G.LOSSARIAL AND,
When my outward action doth demonstrate
TIhe nstfwe, et an&Brguit;ofmy' heart'
In compliment ext ernz.
OTHIRLLO-0
RYAS (F. niaie), a young hawk, unfledged and in--
capable. of;attackingý its prey.Lik1e -ey as ha-wke, up mounts unto the sky,
His newly budded pinious to assay.
'SPAissRa' F. QUEENl.
F.
IVA cNOftoVJ (L.faciftus), wic~ke-d, bad.'
He is of a most faciaorous spirit.
AIX*LA WhLL TRA'r-ANDS W'MLL.
FACOND, (0..F.faecmdX, eloquent.
Who had been there and liking for to here
Hisaffscnd tongue,, and termes exquisite..
'CRAUIIR's Taol. ANDO CIRES.q
FADQE (S. gefegat), to suit, f, or be convenient.
Nlow will thls'fadge?,
TwECLFTH NIGHT.
Ill have tMy advice, and if it fadge, thou shalt eat.
0. P. IdoTHNa BeseaIa.
FADING, the name of an. Irish dance, and also the
burthen of a song.
See you yond motion? Not the old fasding.
B..lowsoN's EpiG.
Not one amongat a hundred will fall
But under her costa the ball Will be found.
With afafaangg &c.
O.P. Tait, BIRD IN A CAGE.
FAGS, a Merry tale or fable.....
I say, thee shortly hold it for no fagc,
All this shall tourne unto thy dazzage.
LYhGATh'5 MIST. 61P Tuasao.
FAiN. (S-fegr&), glad, merry, cheerful.




ETYMOLOGICAL DI7CTIONA~RY6


230.


As foule is faine when. that the sunne upriseth.
CHAUCER'S SHIPMAN's TALE.
No man alive so fain as X. 2PR.HK     i
PAITOUR (0. F. fa'ito'ur), an evil doier, scoundrel,
rascal, a dissolute     idle person, sy nonimlus' "with
vagabond.
0 bitter change! for master now we see,
A faitour, villain, canle of low degree.WAY'S FAR. LAY OF TEE LITTLE BIRD.
Into new woes unweeting I was cast
By this false faitour.                     I
Spwaxalas F. Quvwr.
FALDING     (S. fealdan),, a     kind. of coarse cloth, a
woollen mantle.
Hlidrode upon a rouncie, as he couth,
In a goune offalding. to the kneo,
CHAUCER4 PaLO. TO SE1PSIAN's UtAz.
FALLING BANi~, a sort of tippet oir-shitt collar, hanging o'Ver the shoulders, worn ]in the time of Chas. L.
and whiic'h succeeded'tlie sti~ff ruffs worn previously.
One,, sir,'of whom hi bespake falling batut,.
P.;P, Tax R@ARsiRG UfRL.
If you should take a nap in the afternoon,, your fellixg bansd
requires no poking stick, to recover its forb..0. A~. Trax )Urn*malwo
FAN (S. farnn). Fans made of the -feathers ol; the
ostrich or other birds of fie plumag,, were introduced into England temp. Hen.. VIII and were
expensively mounted with gold, silver, or ivory.,
and a looking, glass was sometimes set, above the
handle.
if I do not briag her to thee, or at the least some special
favour from her, -as a feather frotn Acr fan, &tc.P..MYD.




236


A OLOSSAIVIAL AND'


FANGw (S-fangen), to seize, gripe, or clutch.
Destruction fansg ma~nkind 1 earth. yield roots.
Tim. or ATHINS.
FANGLE (S. feo4mg4n), an idle -sobeme, or fashion;
hence nsow (angled, is new fashioned.
In his hanad a burning hart'he bare,
Pull of value folies and new fangleaneuae.
I ý             SPUwsua's F. QuEExN.
Be. not,, as tlcOt hlsuWged world, a sxmeiit
NoWer thanfthati. t coven;~.1,              CIMBILINE.
FART~DEL (It.,fardeilo)., a little pack or bundle.
Then goeth heftordile for to bate.
C5AUCUR'8 ROMe. MF THE RtOSsaWho would fard~efa bear,
To groan askd sweat under a weary Uife4
FARE (-S.fare)4. wr~ypr passage.
Go. cthur, out* of iny fare,
BAR BXVzs oT HAMPTON.
FARTHINGSAi iE, a No pop oricircle'of wrhalebone, worn
'by wo6me'nabo Iuttlie     tatter' end.of th Ie 16th ceiitiiiy;  they- Awere so preposterously large, as, to
give rise to a pro verb-.#."send fardingates*to Biroadgaes (in Oxford)," for the wearers could not,enter as ordiaary sized doorway exeopt sideway9.,
V 0tme 1 MW YOU W~w     trjfwVih rate
Two GXNTs. 01p YQNVA',.
VA444 two~k&Jek..~e
HuDIsRAS.
FAkrr0k'r-(Li.ftztigvo),0 to weary,' tive, or exhaust'with labour.
Revdslsbm'd frh In Oaftis vasfftgate.
COEVI1LA1V118.




]ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONIARY.


237.


FAWIC, glad, fain.
'Me childen *ere fulfawe of reste.
Rom. 0F OCT. 131P.
I gorevn'd them W *ell aftertamy lawe,
That eche of he~m full blisafuil was and/fawe..   jAC*kvez's PeaO. To    ih66D'
FA Y  (F.foy),1 faith, truth.,
Whether sayest thou this in ernesit or in play!
Nay,- quad Arcite, in ernest., by may fay.
CEEuvC3RL's Kxinerr's TALE.
Thieir ill 'haviotir gartes meti missay
Both of their doctil. and their/fape
FA Y    Vsfitf), 'a fki y, or 01t       ButeraP       ute
A&#. the Yslow skirtte4too
P'y Afte the night steeds
FIAT- (FUbieti.1)$ neat's deXtrous, skilfulv
And Yimnh gut 9*4 ki fulfi stbw~
Cuv08a4's Plusioaus.,
Foot ItAed*4 )two ad *one.
Frm   8ImnL     (L., fetuddtn ei'mpkx), a law       term, do,"
nOoting any - property or possessions In which a
man has4 an      boueaducniinlrgL
him and his heir&.
Nobw lik, a la~yer wheAi he land would let,
Or selifee uimpleeln bis master' "mg.
BiuNsX4V'; *4,, IqRSARtbs TAIu.
FaW a quar d'eft, lie would sell the fee 8imple of his salveatio.
AL'  taTAIASen 'f   ia
FKJL    (,fell),. the hide or skin of i4 beast,; ajd aikri
in skins is still called a felimonger.
OW M04-Wipeotbine eyes;
waguer abaW devour them, Siesh and/fells
Ere they shall m~ake me weep.          L   za
IA*
FELTitE    (from felt),,t     coadense, or~ clot. togelher.,
as felt is without weaving, to. tangle..




A - OLONA ItL A"b


Attour his belt his Hart lockes lay
Feltred wifotre, overtret with frostes howe.
CxAUCa'SI9 'IlaT. OF CANIseawe;.
FVEMINITE     F   ei.)       femaje qualities, the bebioaJut and cQndtifon of t'evales.
And thare to spe~c.qfe.fv4W.
The less mannith in com~Isrlson,
Goodly abasad.
jIpaDW9,A7E. Ift". V3. OQUAT26SRL
Aad treaewd up In true feminitee.
Svavsna F. QuZXN.
FEROFFERD.. See      Saeodr
It,! you tolid of every escrite snd bond
By which he-as wsfoed in his hnde. -
*AVSaa' MXACnANJ?'s TAL8..
FIERE (8.fva)., a -mate or sonpanle'n, whether Male 
or female,,. and.in~iaesa a heabbwd W Wife-;. by
some authors m~tsoa p~wo.
And Cambal t x* Ceunbipn to. kaeferg
The which as ife were each to other, htefi.
So Jove as your bigb virtues done Osavep
PAZ^ TO 0. P. or TAxtwann AVD 9ISKYNDA,ftRL It ('. hag              rwo'nderful e'v+nt
Who heard ever hwilka'aferly eties
OxAvma'I Savzes TAME.
on a my, "Weabg, 40 wMiws kfts
$isbeM sa f*.y
F&**vtzxxu'(L. *tflrtmsru)          an officer in a religions hobie ap podihted to take care of. the: infr-.
Mary,
so did ow WON am erftrmqrerme.
ft*A~ss% Jkwf"z'ý TArEV.
Fiuw   SEED9. To gather fern see'd was9 an ancient
Ws means- or 6e, M' ethod of- ptlherlng Wt.




ETVVOWGLGAL DJCT1O1.RY.


23*


We steal as in a castle,. cocksuve; we have t* efcipt Of
Jbfts weds wet *a& 1ktisbke.
I PAST LUJ He.'V.
FESCENNINE, in epilalaSmUM or nuptial song.* so
called from Fescennia., a town in Italy, wheresongs of this kind see -said to h#.ve been first in.troduced.
Mr. Meanwell was newly marred,
And thought It tood that We should grstlfy him,
"Ad sit" olafte'ves to hisn. In a fechdsne.
S0. P. 2ýT tO~bHjN~ti
FESCUE (L. feetua),, a pointed stick.or iiasrument
-used to direct children in readiing.
TheIt/okewe a~titm diet isispm tbe-kOrisse crosse-ofmoon.,10 P. Tua PURIiTAN Wivew,
Why anought not he,:.swell as others done,
Rise from his fescue, toa qLittleton
HALL'S SATIREKS.
_FkSTINATE (L.je.tinatu,#),. hasty, in. a h~urried man-,Givesnlargemeat to the swain,, brling hilnfeutina~e1v litheL
Lovais LAUOVIL tOpr.
14r r T(S. fettan), th. old Saxion for the-modern word
fetch, to go or bring.
Set home withi thy feweL, make wemty to fet,
The adobom  6-tswt eatieteWte fa get.
Tvsesta.
FETTLE, to bustle,, prepareL or mnake ready; a word
still int useL in some parts of England.
An /Wedom to sbftfW.'
1tovi  f HOOD AmD GayT or GesroAstw.
FEU TR    (0. F.ufe           to make rexdy
His spew be feutrvxL and at him he bole.




.240,"4, AA 1t3LOSSAIIIAL           -A**.FaUT RER (0. Fva         tier),a dog keepe, WOt appli ed also as a cant term for a contemptible fellow.
-~Ifi4nm wili-be
An honie# jeoimon,, feuterer feed us Anit.,
MASSING ZR'0 PICTTIRI.
FIDU'CIAL    (L. fiduciia), undoutbtiig, bavilinig 'Confidence.
C~shiered of pay,, fiducial favours lost.,
WAv's FAB. LAY oir 815 GRUBLAN.
Fit&   (S. afy~lan~), to sully or defile.
ýiAway, fqwie workes., thatfii'd my-face"with hluts.
CKURCJKYARD'S CHALLENGE.
As not tojlle my, hands In villains' biodd.
0. P. MXNXaiuSor OFEKNFORCED MARRIAGE.
Fattvr, to jerk by-a Isudden motion with the finger
nail.
You fillip me o'th' head.'  a.ADCIS
IfI do, fillip me with a three man beetle.
2 PART K. Hssr. iv.
FiNGLEZ FAIJG~E      a- triffle, a thing of no import.
We agree in nothing but to jangle
About the slighteftjlnglefiasale.
HUDJURAq.
Fiatc (L.ferio), to beat,, whip, or chastlseý.
He would prove a rare firking satirist
And draw the core forth of lmpostum'd sin.
0. P. AN"NOxzoAND MXLLIDA.
Plf,*k him and%rrttku.
K. Mix.. v.
Fia-HER'ts FoQjv,, a.s~plendid bouse, with pleasure
gardens, erected in Bisbopsgate, by Iasper Fisher,
one of thewsiz~cerks, ib C wawaey4,~ which, in the
time of Sto~e,, was called Devonshire House, arnd
occupied by' t!e 06  arl of Bedford.,From' the cirewxwtance.of its being built by a man of small




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


241


means, and wholly unsuitable to his rank in life, it
received the former name.
That represent no part of the nation
But Fishers FPyU congregation.
HUDIBDAS.
FIT, FITTE, and FYT, the division or parts of a
poem or song; also, a strain in music.
That day, that day, that dredful day,
The first ftte here I find.
O. B. or CZaVT CZACI.
To play my wiffe and me afitte,
When abed together we bee.
O.B. or KINo EsTvzas.
FLAG (S.fleogan).       The old theatres were ornamented with a flag, which waved at the top of the
building during the time of the performance; it
was taken down in Lent, when no plays were
suffered to be represented, hence the allusion in
the quotation.
'Tis Lent in your cheeks, the flag' down.
0. P. A MAD WORLD, MY MASTIRS.
She takes downe thelegge, belike the play is done.
DKKKAr'S WHona or BABYLON.
FLAM (Goth. flimma), a deceit, delusion, whim,
falsehood, or pretext.
A flam more senseless than the roguery
Of old aruspcaynd augury.
HUDIBRAS.
FLAP DRAGON, a play or sport, by catching at raisins
or other things put in a bowl of ignited spirits; it
is now   called snap dragoo.       It was formerly a
point of gallantry for lovers to drink to the health
of their mistresse from this burning liquid, by way
of bravado.
Y




$42


A GW8GAKIAL AND


Thou art aesier awallow'd than ajtap drivon.
Lovkt's LABOURt LOST.
Flap dragons, healths, whiffs, MM All WX xWA9gfing h1UMOMt.
B3. TOINSON'S CYNTHIA'S REVELS.
FLAP JACK., a sort of pancake or apple puff'.
Devour their cheese cakes, apple pies, cream and custarcds,
0. P. Tux JOVIAL CREW.
Thou shalt 9c Ilotle, atMd we'l bra"e itsh for all-day;
Fish for fauam days; gr puddiapa ard flap jacks.PEILS
FLAkT CAip. A flat eap, similar to the one now worn
by the boys of Christ's Hospital, was formerly
-used by the com'mon people 'and shopkeepers of
Lftdoh., atl part of their ordinary dress.
WAV~Y, Po, OdGodinan Flalcap: 'afo1 tho' I am a prentice,
0. P. EASTWARD HoX.
At db&61pit, lIM x dan~ig caftiay tentiemsn, or ait a bowling
alley, ia a&$at cap, like a shopkeeper.
Dztns~k's NEWS NROSI HELL.
FLAW (L-flo), a sudden blast or gust of wind*
ikeaU g a     fa4 s ax~  t="in  "ry ew.
CORJOLANIJS&
FLAWE (LUfler~w), yellow, of the coloar of gold6
AMd DMe fdthed hAd this creature
With lvelist browes /~awe of asobwt pumn
CRAucaR's COURT OiF LOVE.
FLAWN (S..flena), a Cheese Calfe or cuistard.
Fill O~ven with flaws.; Manwy pem notfor sleep,
To-morrow thy 1atbbr'hls wAke day wil keep.  us.
FiLtck (Gor. l&k49 Ito spot., str'ipe, varlmegatie, lor
e*rk With diVers colftft
AIhtiftte pe~  10 tO, MO    Mu Ahis
Hie was of famne anadjbAck#Aas a vie.
OtAtTVI'3  Aas. TALES.
AMAtilk*Af tskawo lWe a 4aa4s fteals
kiro6"Zth day'sapathway.    RO"A      10S.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICIIOIIARY0


243


FLEME (S. flyma), to banish or expel.
Lq mere hAtl lust his dominacion,
And appetitpflemeth disciretion.
CuAVChi's MAIltCIPLX'5 TALE.
The wh4% lmbe that hurt was with a spnee
Flemere of flendes..,
CHAUCaRls M4AN irO LAwzS TA-LE.
FLETCIIER (0. F.flecher), a maker of arrows.
Her mind runs sure upona aitecher or bowryer.
O.P. A MATCHI AT MIDNIGHT.
Youz llusband'sjietcher, I warrant.
0. P. Tus~ PufIITANw.
FLEW, the large chops, of a hound.
Such as you are unworthy to be hounds,, much less huntsmen,,
that know not when a hound Is feet, fair jgeWed and well hang'd.
FLIONN~t (S. ficeeran), to flutter as with wings, to
have a tremulous motion.
And hifreto #1ad he d~ct all hit eadent;
For w"bakhr gqft uVh h~kqri pye aloft
Into her w9W hut ayea It weed,
CHAucERz's Taos. AND CRISs.
FLIRT GILL, a pert bold or forward htvsy. Gill I's
the contraction of a woman's christian name.
SCUM tiy have' I amu noae of Wtfi~gufk.
RIxAo AND JULIET.
Tho4 loo)k'st ate up g%. every word I 91pte
As I had teen a mawktn or flirt giltian.
DBIAU15ONT ANY EUJTC4E4'9 CHANCES.
FLIT (S. fluid), to Bly away, to remove,, to move.
nimbly or by istarts.
For whn thatt *hhesoae k1uieth brihtq.
1..ove recovereth ayeu his light,
And when It fAiietb hy wolAjt.
CuAVCXZ's RouX. OP Tfjt Rosir.
now a* do they wit pe~sn plaloas cleave
TheAdUUW sky..*tissF                       u~
F1LO (S..fla), an arrow.




244


A GILOSSAflJAL AND~


His bowe he bent and therein set s~ffle,
And in his ire- he hath his wife slayne.
CHIAUCER'S MANCI'LZ's TALK
FLOCKMELL (S.jfocema~lum), in a flock or body,
grathered in crowds or a large cornpany.
Only that point his people bare so sore,
That floekmell on a day to him they went.
-- CRAuCRs'S CLIMRE OF OraNbOan's TALUII
FLOITING (S. flUten), wh~istling.
Sfinging he was or floiting all the day.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO CANr. TALECS.
FLONME (L.flumnen), a sea, river, or flood.
Tigris, aflome from Paradys,
Cometh t~o that cdtd y.Wit;
Ro6. OF KC. MA&IAUNDRIC.
AtflOme Jordan and at Dethicin.
Bin TaxANoUS..
F 0D ER (Ten. iuter), a burthen; the word is still:
used technically, as, a fodder of 'lead, &c.
Kyng Phelip saide to the modur,
Thou hust borne a sortfoder.
I ~Rom.. or K. ALI5AUNJDRE9.
FoIN (F. poindre),. to mnake a push or pass in fenc.
ing; to thrust with a spear or sword.
And after that, with sharp speares strong
They foinen ech at other.  H CXO    NGTsAL.
He hew'd and lashd andfoined and thundred blows.
SzNsxia's F. Qusir;.
Fmor4o (0. F~fotaon), plenty, abundance.
With loves five and Aishes two to feds,.
God sent his foiaon at hire grete ned...CHAUCER'S MAN 0? LAWEs TALE.
of its own kind allfojon, all abundance. TmXT
FoiST (F-fauuer), to juggle, trick, or' defraud.
Put not yorf*WSt UPOIR Me; I shall sent them.
B. Joxsow'ls VOLPOles.
I nean flcing, foisting, niming, jiting.
Q. P. Tax U&I4Nesu Gyrsur..t




ZTVMOL~dTfCAL'VDflTORAftrY'


2ff43


FOLRMOTEC (S. folcgemnote), a nieetitig or assembly
of people.
To whiehfolknote they &Rl with mel ceaseat
Agreed to travel.
FoND (Ger.favan)s~, foolish7 silly, indiscreet.
0 oematrey eweete,, perewAde *obdieace here;
~Reform the fonsd, and still preserve the wise.
COU1901rAasD'S ChALLENGEt.
You see how simrle and how food I am.
MDSs. NIGHT9's DREAM.
FONDE (Sjfundian), to try or istrive.
To ryde forth let us begynne,
Saladan the 4owdou to annoy,
And fonde hym for to destroy.
Rton. or Usca. COUu Dim LION.
Though I sicknes have upon houde
And long have had, yet will I fondie
To make a boke.
Go WEE's CoN. Ami.
FONGEC (S.), to take or receive.
For to the navel doun she hongeth,
And~foul also earaynefongetk.
Rom. as' K. ALISAU"uRN.
FOOL (0. F.foueil). The head of the domestic fool
was frequently shaven, to imitate the tgnsure of
an ecclesiastic,;probably to heighten his grotesque
appearnce. l clepedl a barhour him before,,
That as 4 fool hie should be shore
All around like a freyre.
ROBERT Or CYSzLLE. ELLIS SP.
FOOL, BEGGED FORt. See " Begged," &c.
FOOT CLOTHS, the housings of a horse used by the
gentry for ridingr; it ustially covered the body of
the animal and reached down. to his heels; persons
Y 3




246


A GLOSSARIAL AND


of distinction   had   them    made of velvet, embroidered with gold.
Thou dost ride on afoot cloth, dost thou not?
2 PART K. HEN. VI.
Our steeds are furnish'd with foot cloths of gold instead of
saddles of steel.
O. P. ALEXANDER AND CAMPASPE.
FOOT HOT (a corruption from the French haut de
pied), immediately, in an instant, directly.
The maister hunt anon fote-hote
With his home blew three mote.
CHAUCER'S DaRBz.
And forthwithal anon fle-hote
He stale the cowe.
GowBa's CON. AM.
FORBY     (fromfor and by), near to.
Eftsoones unto an holy hospital
That wa forby the way she did him bring.
SPENSzR'S F. QUEEN.
FORCE (F.farcir), to stuff; a term in cookery still
used in the kitchen, as, force meat.
He's not yet thorough warm, force him with praises.
Taoi. AND CRESSIDA.
FORCER     (O.F, forcer), a chest.
Thai dede the kyng fill tweiforcers
Of ryche golde, &e.
ROm. or THx SEVEN SAGES.
FORDO     (S.fordon), to waste or destroy.
But al so colde towardes thee
Thy ladie is-as frost in Winter mone,
And thou fordon as snowe in fre ia sone.
CHAUCIB's TaoI. AND CRESS.
The corse they follow did with desperate hand
Fordo its own life.
HAMLET.
FOREFEND, to avert, prohibit, or forbid.
Now heav'n forefend the holy maid with child I
I PAIT K. HEN. Vi.
Now God forefend that any should presume
To touch the sister of a holy house.
0. P. Tas MSaaT DVILx or EDMONTON.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


247


FORLAIE (Teu. verlaeghen), to entrap or seduce.
Gif there come any maiden that is ferlaie,
And bowe to the grounde
For to waschen her honde,
The water dll yell as it were wode.
FLORICA AND BLANCHFLOURB.
FORRAY (F. fourrager), to ravage, spoil, or destroy.
Proclaimed joy and peace through all the state,
For dead now was their foewhich them forrayed late.
1SPBNsBa's F. QUEEN.
FORTUNE THEATRE. This theatre, the remains of
which still continue, is situated in Golden Lane,
the royal arms yet in being designate the house,
which is now divided into tenements. It was purchased by Edward Alleyn, the player and founder
of Dulwich College, who rebuilt it in 1600; it
took its name from a painting or statue of Fortune,
placed in the front; it was suppressed with the
other theatres in 1648, and never afterwards reopened as a place for dramatic entertainments.
----    I'H rather stand here,
Like the picture of Dame Fortune
Before the Fortune playhouse.
HaYwooB's ENOLISa TRAVatLLRS.
One of them is a nip; I took him once in the two penny gallery
at the Fortune.
O. P. Tun RoARiNo GIRL.
FOURBE (F.), a cheat, an impostor.
Thou art a false impostor and afourbe. -
DxNHAM.
FOUTRA (F. foutre), a word of contempt, borrowed
from the French, equivalent to " a fig for you."
A foutra for the world and worldlings base.
2 PaRT K. Hair. Iv.




248


A OLWSSAIIIAL AND


Fox, a cant word signif'ying, to intoxicate;- a sword
was also in the same language called a fox.
If we do want as much bread as would dine a sparrow, or as
much drink as would fo: a fly, I know what I know.
0. P. A MA&TCH AT MIDNIGHT.
What would you have, sister,, of a fellow that knows nothing
but a ba~ethllt and an oldfesx In't I -
B. JONSON'S BARTHR. FAIR.
Foy (FRfoi)o faith, allegiance.
He lastauand subdued and Denmsrk won,
And of them both did foi, and tribute raise.
Seas~ssa's F. Qvicxx.
FRAQ.OI (L.), a loud crash or noise.
Pursued by hideous fragora; though before
7%e flames desceund, they in their breaches roar.
I               SANDYS.
FRAIL (0. F-fraianz), a basket made of rushes, in
which figs or raisins are packed.
Of froyt there is grete plentd
Fygges, raysyns, in frgaye.
Rom. or RicH. CMUIR Da Liose.
Convey yourself into a sugar chest,
Or,ý If you covid lie rouW.d afirtii were rue.
B. JoNSON's VOLPONHC.
FRAINK (8.), to ask.
Priam ful oaf a"d eke his mother dere,
His br~therqus and his sisters pma him fraine..
CUA&VcX&'8 Ta01. AND CRESS.
FRAMPOLD, boisterous, peevish, uneasy, cross, ill
tempered, troublesome; in all these senses it is
'used by various old authors. It is a word of no
certain derivaton and variously spelt.
What a goodyere *Ble you, mother arwe you framp~ul?
IsLE or GULLS.
Thosneframpari ways the hypoclte
Doft trample in.
Moan's VA"'maoso. FOaMS.
Her husband I Alas 1the sweet woman leads an Ill life with
him: she leMt4a wry frvxp.14 Wie *lth him.
MXAaa WivXs OF WINDsoX.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTWNARY.


249


FRLANiON a person of loose demeanour,, a dissolute
companion; the word is of uncertain etymology.
But, my franion, I tell you this one thing.
0. P. DAMON AND PYTHRIAS.
He's a frank franion, a merry companion, and loves a wench well.
0. P. 1 PART K. ERDW. IVFRANK (0. F. franc), a hogstye, a place to feed
hogs in.
Doth the -old boar feed in the old frank?
2 PART K. HEN. IV.
FRANKLIN (from F../ranc), an ancienit name for a
freeholder of large possessions..
A fre.,kle(n was in this compagnie,
White was his berd as was the daysale.
CXA1UCDR's* CANT. TALUs.
-   A spaious court they see,
Both plain and pleasant to be walked In,,
Where thoem does mest a franklein fair and free.
5 NasF.QUEE2N.
FRtAFI (F.frappe)', to strike or smite.
I wol assaye that pawtener,
With myn axe I schal hymfrape.
Ront. oir Rzcn. Cccun DE LioN.
FRAY (F. effraver), to afl'right or put in fear.
Oq,.I shallfrayt him terribly.
0. P. WILT D3BUOCILD.
He that retires not at ti. threats of death,
is not as are the vulgar, slightly frayed.
0. P. COANfUaA.
FREAK (S. freken), spotted, variegated.
The lark that on his beauteous crest presumes,
And thefreak'S goldfinch with vermoilion pluntes.
WAY's FAN. HIVELIN5 AND E9GLANTIN-eD.
The white pink,, and the peanslefteak with jet.
MILTON'S LrcWDAs.
FREN (8.firemd), an alien or stranger.
And now fair Rosalind bath bred his smart,
ISO now his frin Is changed for a fren.
IPSerfauas S. QuI




,-)KO
AbAP


250     A GLOSSARIAL AND.


FRESHMAN, a term given to the students of the two
universities' in England, on their first introduction
to college.
Here's a freshaman come from Padua, whom I will powder
with his acquaintanice.,           0. P. MAY ]DAY.
FRET (S.fretan), to tear, corrode, or devour.
The sow fretting the Ichild in cradle.
CNAVSAUURS PAnDONxRls TALS.
He frets lMe a gumm'~d velvet.
I PART 1K. HIM. IV.
Frete also are the stops of a musical instrument,
which regulate the harmony of the sound..
AX sonds =ufret by starin or golden wire.
PAR. LosT.
FRiPPERY (F.friperie), an old clothe, shop. Anciently the dealers in second-hand wearing apparel
lived, according to Strype, in Birehin Lane and
Cornhill. See " Bircbin Lane."~
Oh. cha, INom~terxl we know what bolongs to sfWppery
IFRITH, MARY.     See "'English MoIL" A      MVET
FRONTLET (F. fvonteau), a bandage worn on tbe
forehead by ladies. Sbakspearo uses it figuratively
to isignify a frow ning brow.
Hiow, pow, dsughfer? whot mnks Otat Avw.*I onP
K. LRAR.
oo0ds, jVWiatht, wkire osaft~ Caheg irons, &c.
Faoaa (Da. & ro~e),  ~0. P. MIDAS,
0, my heart's blood is well nigh frorne I feel.
BSnSZRss% PASt..
FROUNCE (I. froneer9, to wriukle, plalit, or fold;
els, to frizzle the hair of the head,




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARYM     5


251


Her fae was /rounced and forplued.CUAETCcca'S ROX. OP mx9 ktoak.
Samne frounce their caded hair in courtly Caise.
SPaNaxa's F. Quusie.
F~tusH (F. froisser), to break, crush, or bruise.
To fruach e the gadelyng and to bete,
And none of heom on lyve lete.
Roist. olp K. ALIBAUNDRUN
I like thy armour well;
'll frtwa it, and destroy the r~ivets all.
Tatoi. AND CaRSa.
FUCUS (L.), a composition or paint for the face.
No mercury water,, fucus, or perfumesTo help a lady's breath.
0. P. RAN ALL19T.
FULBAMS, a cant word to signify fase or loaded
dice, sad to be so called from their being amad         at
Fulham.
As one cut out to pass your tricks on,,
With Fulhame of poetic ictiost.
GA]BARDINE (F. gah'et'dixe), it loose mantle or coarse
frock coat, usually worn by shepherds.
Under your gabardine* wear pistols all.
o. P. Tial Goasums.
My bes way is to creep wider his gaberdine. zit.
GA;snr (S. gakbett). This word, although now only
used by the vulgar, Iis one of the most ancient in
the Einglish language; its remote derivation apoPears to be fromn the Gotbic begabba,.a mocker, or




252


A GLOSSARIAL AND


from the Celtic gob, a beak; whence the word is
still used to signify the mouth.   Its present as well
as its primitive signification is idle prate, chatter,
loud and unmeaning talk.
Right in the next chapter after this
I gabbe not, so have I joy and blisse.
CHAUCER'S NONNNS PRIESTEs TALU'.
Why gabbest thou that saids't unto me.
CHAUCOB'S TROI. AND CRKSS.
GAD (S. gadd), a point of a spear.
And with a gad of steel will write these words.
TIT. ANDRON.
GALAXY     (F. galaxie), the long       white luminous
trak in the frmament, seen in a clear night, caused
by innumerable stars, called from       its colour and
appearance the milky way.
Lo there quod he, cast up thine eye
See yonder, lo, the galarie.
CHAUCEs'S HousE oF FAME.
GALE (S. galan), a song or story; the Saxon derivation is literally to sing, and the only word in
present use of a similar import is nightingale.
Listeneth now and letith gale,
For now ariseth a noble tale.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
GALLIARD (F. gaillard), a merry, brisk, pleasant
person; also, a sprightly dance.
Oatfria  was he, as Goldfinch in the shawe;
Browne as a berry, a proper short felawe.
CsAucla's Coxa's TALE.
What, is thy exceUence in a galliard, knight?
TwHLlTr NIOBr.
GALLIASS (F. galea      ), a heavy low     built vessel,
carrying two masts, havirig both sails and oars.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


253


-   My father hath no less
Than three great argosies and two galliasses.
TAmINO or A Sasiaw.
GALLOW     (S. agelwan), to terrify or frighten.
SThe wrathful skies
Gallow the very wanderers of the dark.  K. LEAR.
GALLOWGLASSES, a name given to soldiers, amongst
the wild Irish, who served on horseback; they
wore under their clothes a peculiar kind of armour,
composed of small iron rings, called " a long shirt
of mail."
----    A puissant and mighty power
Of gallowglasses and stout Kernes.  2 PART K. HXE. Vi.
GALLY FOIST, the name of a pleasure boat, used by
the lord mayors of London on particular occasions,
for pomp and state, as the city barges are now.
I smelt the powder spy'd what linstock gave fire to shoot
against the poor oaptain of the galley foist.
0. P. THE RoARINo GIaL.
GALLY GASKINS, large open hose, derived by Skinner from caliga gallo vasconice.      Cotgrave calls
them great Gascon or Spanish hose. The word is
now only used in a ludicrous sense, though not so
formerly.
Some gaily gaseoynes or shipman's hose, like the Anabaptist's, &e.
P. PENNILESSE'S SUP. TO THE DIVELL.
My gally gaskins that have long withstood
The winter's fury.        PHILLIP's SP. SHILLING.
GALLYMAWFRAY (F. gallimafree), a medley, a dish
of various meats.
He loves thy gallimawfrey.
MsERY WIVes or WINDSOR.
GALORE (S. geleoran), plenty, abundance.
To feasting they went, and to merriment,
And tippled strong liquor galore.
0. B. RoszI HOOD AND LITL  Joaw.
z




264


854      A VGLOBSABIAL AND


GAMASHES., a sort of clothing for the legs, similar to
the modern gaiter. Johnson calls them short spatterdashes,, worn by ploughmen, a& iC the w*earing of
them was confined to that class of persons; in thi's
bie is evidently mistaken: they appear to have been
worn by persons of rank and quality.
Open my trunk,, lay may richest suit on the top,,
* Yeivtt sippers clfth of gold gameshes, &c.
0. P. WHAT YOU WILL.
GAMBISON     (0. F.), a stuffe d doublet, worn under
armour, amd-under which was sometimes added an
iron breast plate.
Withouten sotoned aketoun,
Other plate, other gumumieon.
Rom. o~p K. ALISAUNDAK.
Bright marygvld idoinp6s'd their gambison.
WAY'S PAx. HKTEJJINU AND EGLANTINL.
GAME (S. gaman), in jest, niot seriously.
But peace or no,.for earnest or for game..
CnA-UCEJC's TROT. AND ýCaaSi.
GAWXY, -ieadily.,A dextrdnsly      we- still usge the word
utigaiftly to Aignify awkwardness.
(3a"N-pthos athslt hi SoMe,
In lytel while it schal be nome.
Rom. oiP Rima -Ccsu us Lioiz.
GANG (S. gangan), an old word signifying to go,
chiefly used )in a ludicrous tmanner.
But let them gang alone. OMXSit.CL
GANGLE (F~ jangl-er), to make a noise.
Whgie they g0  o th lthangle,
'Theb fridlens gan gange..
Romu. air K. AL~jsA&#iDRC.
GAR   (IS. -giore), to cause or make; a word still in
use in the northern 'ounities and in -t~otland.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIOIARYO    5


255


Buit speeia~ly I pray thee, h'at. deoe,
Gar us have n~ete and drinks, auad make us eheere.
CxAUCIR's Raval'B TAts.
Tell me$ good HgqWrolJ, what Cars thee greeitv
SESEaiRa'S SHIP. CAL.
G-ARBOIL1 (F. garboujie), a disorder, uproar, commotion.,
Look here, and at thy sovereign leisure read*
The garboils she swak'd.
I               ANTe. AND CLEOPATRA.Such is the garboile of this conhluct, then.
DRAYTON's ENGLAND'S ]PARNASSUS.GAR.DEN HOUSES. In the early drama, frequent
mention is made of these houses, *which the citizens of London erected in the suburbs. Stubbs,in his Anatomice of Abtue&r (I690)       states them   tobe gardens, paled or walled round, having arbourn, bowei', banquetting houses, &e. erected
therein. The ladies are accused of using tbeit
ebie`y for the purposes of intrigue.
Garden houses are w~t tn~r bwwda *sciw"si =Wng,, than
I Will be to the. and thy stratage'm.
0.-P. THE CITY NIGHT CAP...
kPAWsb the pncievtwlse ~itisessof "il city, vwi~ used care~.
fully to provide their wives gardeva. neax the town, to plant,. &c..
0. P. ALL FOOLS.GARGKRYLD (17. gargeutll), the sput OfT a gutter in
ancient castles and mansions, usualy made to resemble the-heads of beasts, &c.
Gargelyd TWit greshounda and- vit a 'ny lions.
Towna oF DOCTRINE.
QxRisH (0. gewiar), shewy, splendid, gay, glaring.
Adr&am Of W)st thOUn'ait a geriM 111r
To be the ai*~ of every dangerous Eliot.
K. RICH. SIjr.
MILTON'$ JL PNBECROS.O.
z 2




*n6
AW oy


256      A GLOSSARIAL AND


GARLAND (F. garlamde), a wreath or chaplet of,
flowers; a termn in archery, signitying the ring or.
wreath within which the prick or mark was placed
to be shot at. A miscellaneous collection of songs
or poems was also called a garland.
T'he second shot had the wighte yeoman,
He shot within the garland.
0. B. ROBIN HOOD AND Guy or OFGisBoRnvB.
These are out of ballads; she has all the Garland of Good Will
by heart.
0. P. A MA.Tcu AT MIDNIGHT..
GAsTCD (.J8. gaat), frightened, alarmed; though
this, word is now obsolete, aghaet is still used.
Or whether gaited by the nois I made,
Mul su44.nly he fled.
%LGATE.,(DU. gat), a way or passage, the- march. or
manner of walking.
With that word Reson went her gate.
CnAvosmt's Rom. or TEE Resz.
3iong~t reguading, they kept on their gait.
GAuDs, toys, trinkets, ornaments; the word is of
no certain. derivation, but most probably from L.
gaudere, 'the more general acceptation of the term
being any thing which gives pleasure, whether
to the eye., taste, or heart.
A pair of befts., black as sable,
She toke and hynge my necke aboat,.
Upon the gaudeeP all without.. ou' Cr.
By this gaude have I wommn, yexe by-yere,
An hmipdxed mark.
1CXAVcZA's PkAANosRz's TALE9..
With bnraceh ofhe hair ringst, gaudes, conceits.
*           ~MID&. NIGET'5 Datum,




gTrYK*OG~ICAL D(C1IGJARY.'


267


GAXURE, to stare or look ardently-.
For themi tk~t gaure$ end cat on me their Sight.
LYDGATZ's ThLAG.ý
The neihbours, both small and 1pete,
In ronne for to gauren on this man.
CHAuCXER's MZLLSR'5 T4"s.
eAVULOCK (Sr. geveloc), a javeliin.Al so thic the arwe shoten,
in samne beams so doth the ioftess,
Gaveeokes &I so thicke #owe.
TALf OiP MERLIN-.
GEAR (S.. geawre), furniture, possessions, ornaments.
Array thyself in her most gorgeus- gear.
SPzzesXR's F. QuICNK.
If Fortune be a good womkan,, she is a-goa weiwhJir this ger.
MIxRCHA.NT P1 VENICE.
GEASON (S. gesean), wonderful, rare, scarce., uncommon. Dr. Johnson say,% the word is-only to befound in Spenser, but in this he is mistaken; Iit
frequently occurs in the old drama, particularly in
Apjiut and Virginia, What You WttL, The
Wounds of Ct'im War, &c.
Vowi4 nothing that he s~lil uameot nor gespat%
Sezcrsiut's F. Quuenm.
it was froty winter seasOs,
And fair, Flora's wreath. was geason.
R. - GuZINz' PEI1oMN.14m
CECKC (S. geac), a fool or dupe;. also, to mock or
deride.
A"d mae the mw notorious geok sand gull.
TwELFTE NIGHT.
Gixdeamangra mercey for your geck.,
1;11d Ho0e, 94Ud lowly louts.
CAMRAa AND SLAB.
GENT (0. F.), proper, handsome, elegant.
For young she was and hewed hrigh1%
Sore Vtessaut swd fetes withall,
Gent and in her middle small.
CuaAVcaa's RON. OT THI ROISE.
z 3




258


A GLOSSARIAL AND


She that was noble, wise, as fair and gent.
FAIRPAX.
GEORGE A GREEN, the famous pinner of Wakefield,
celebrated in the old ballad of Robin Hood and
the Pinner, &c. He fought with and beat both
Robin Hood and Little John, and hence obtained
the character of a man of extraordinary prowess.
More spruce and nimble, and more gay to seem,
Than some attorney's clerk or George a Green.
STBPHmNS' APOLOGY FOR HURODOTUSV
And were you as good as George a Green,
I shall make bold to turn again.
HUDIBRAS.
GERMIN (L. germen), a plant, shoot, or sprout,
generally used in a figurative sense.
Crack Nature's mould, all germins spill at once
That make ungrateful man.
K. LZAR.
~ --   Though the treasure
Of Nature's germins tumble all together.
S MACBETH.
GESTE (L. gestum), aRepresentttion or shew; also,
from the 0. F. geste, a deed or achievement, and
from F. giste, a bed, derived from L. jacet, the
journal of the several days or stages prefixed to the
progresses of our kings.
The Roman gestes maken remembrance
Of many a trew wife.
CHAUCBR's MERCHANT'S TALK.
Who fair them quites, as him beseemed best.
And goodly can discourse with many a noble geste.
SPBNSER's F. QUEzV.
--     I'll give you my commission
To let Im there a month behind the geste
PreWd for parting.
WINTIR's TALE.
The hall or refectory, appropriated in a nunnery
for the entertainment of the guests, was called the
geste halle.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


259


The abbess and the nonnes alle
Fair hym gret in the geste halle.
LAY L PRuNE.
GIBBE, an old worn out animal. A gibbed cat is
said, but on no certain authority, to be a he cat.
Both the etymology and precise meaning of the
word seem involved in obscurity. It was applied
generally as a term of contempt.
For who that's but a queen, fair, sober, wise,
Would from a paddock, from a bat, a gibbe,
Such dear concernings hide?
HAMLET.
I am as melancholy as a gibbe cat.
1 PART K. HaI. Iv.
GIBBERISH, deduced by Skinner from F. gaber, to
cheat, and by Dr. Johnson, from Geber, the astronomer of Arabia, whose works are full of the jargon of the alchymists; others have given different
but equally uncertain etymologies;-unintelligible
language, unmeaning gabble; sometimes applied
to the cant language of gipsies.
----   The sheeted dead
Did squeak and gibber in the streets of Rome.
HAMLET,
Think you I'll learn to spell this gibberish.
O. P. ENOLIs,9mN yPOI Mr MONxY.
GIF (S. gif), the conjunction if, still in use in some
parts of England and Scotland.
Of any good knight will find his dame,
Come forth, &c.           O. B. Six ALDMNoR.
GIGG (0. F. gigues), a wanton woman, a strumpet.
Some spend her goodes upon gigges,
And fnden hem of great arraie.
CHAUCER'S PLOWMAN'S TAz..
GIGLOT, derived as the last word, and having the
same meaning.
Young Talbot was not born to be the pillage of a giglot wench.
1 PAST K. HaN. IV.




A OWWSAMAUAL AND~


Impudent gAet I was it not eaougk to abuse me, but also,
to belie me.
0. P. MOTHIME BOMUIN.
Gr~ori~u (F. giroflse), the clove, a mere tranispositiaoi of -the French derivation; the, Dame is still'
retain~ed inr the wovd giltyjflwer, whkch yet is a
oaruption,- as the word in the midland counties is
both spelt and pronounced giUitoer. The supposition of Bailey and others, that it is.so called from
July, i. e. July dlower, is ineorrect; first, becauseý
the addition of "fl ower"       is a corruption;    and,
secondly, the plant blossoms in March aad April,
*nd not in July.
The canel sand the licoris,
Med sweet savour of inynte i-wls;
Thegplq~rej rpybebet. and mae,.
IOF4 o K. ALISAUNDRE.
GIMMAL (L. gem'eflNi), a double ring, made in links;-.
ay piece o joined work, the-parts moving within,,
each other; a qualkit Piece, of machinery.
I thlsln, by somne odd gimmaei. or device.,
Their arms are set like clocks.
1 P~AIs K. Hisif. vi;
~A5 ia tbeir jwls 4dug mouths the gimmal bit
Lies, foual witu cleWd gross, still 4aai niotonless.
1.312C. IV.
GING (S. gang), aneiently used for the modern word.,
gang,. a-companry of me'n actling, togetiler.
There'p a knot?, A ging,, a lpacJ,9 a coash*ruy ajaisat mue.
MEnRR WIVES OF WINDSOR.
GINGERLY      (S-Wrg~ftgare), cautiously, nicely, witfr
g'entleness.
Took up so gin~erl*t
Two GEWI'. 01 Y-ftNROJ.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY&    6


26.1


GIPON (F. jupon), a sort of surc'oat maide of silk or
velvet, adorned with armorial bearings, reaching
only to the waist; sometimes spelt gyppon, jupon,.
andOginpon.
Soni wol be armed id an habergeon,,,
And in a brest plate and a gipon.
CHAuciRR'R KNIGmHT'S TALE..
GIPSERE (F. gibeci&e), a pouch, purse, or bag-.
An anlace, and a gipsere all of silk,
lung at his girdle.
OssAUCEa'S FJLLNKLIN's TALS.
SIR D, to strike or give a blow; also, to revile, reproach, or taunt;. said to be derived from the S.
gyrd, but this seems a strained etymology.
Girde off Gyles' head,, and let hhis go no ferther.
P. PLOWMAN.
To sien haim and, to girdcm off his hed.
Cn,4uc:ss's Mossxzs TALE.
iecing. moved, he will- not spaxe* to gird. the gods.
COasOLANV9.
GIRDLESTEAD (S. girdl and 9tede), the place where
a girdle is worn. The old Saxon word stede is
still retained in bedstead, homestead, &c.
'Divide yourself in two halves, just by the girdleashod.
0. P. EASTWARD Ho:.
GIRE (L. gyrwt), a circular motioin,, described by a
living body. See "Gyre."
First I beheld him hovering in the sir,.
And then down stooplag with a hundred gires.
04 P. uINGU&
GiSE   (S. wise), manner, -eustom; subsequently and
now   written guise.. See that 'word.
The homes foul of meeth, as was the gise,,
There lacked nought to don her sacrifice.
VuAxosca's KNIrOisT' TA~U..




622


A GLESUSAIAL AN&


GITEANI (0. F. giattrne), a mnuokal stringed ino
tr etcalled also a cittern. somewhat resembling the modern guitar, which is derived from
the old word.
The moose, *he% it was aigt, bright shove,
And Absolon his gitternze hath i-tako.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
He has hfaveil'd, sand spteak Iaagomes
As a barber's boy, plays o'&'gittern.
0. P. T.ns MARRIAGE NIGHT.
GLAIj~j (S. gehliad), an avenue in a wood.
Lo where they spyVe how In a gloomy glotde
The lionaslesing lay. Ssn'   ~~~~D*95p
GLAIRKC (M. gkWr),.the white Of an eff; any vlWOUR
matteri
Uoslskked #me# chalk, and gleire of an egg.
CHAVcERs CifA~o~s# YNossAN's TALE
Blood poison, slimy glere,
That in his body so abondaut were.
MIRE. Or0I MAG,
OLAY  (?gbWie), abroad sword or faichion.
And whet her tongue as sharp as sword or gksv~e.
CHAUCER's CeuV&T pr Lovx.
0, mistress! the mayor and all the watch
Ane comisng towards our. houtse with glese and buills.
0. P. ARDEN oF FAvzRsxAM.
UGL AVici (Br. gfrto flatter or wheedle.
Veaus who knew shse dIA but Ohww,
For PAt~ws =oltwU44 WdshMe ga's 1W.
CAWNJS' VIRo. TRAY.
GLrnI -(8, gled), a coal in a state of strong heat.
71W 4vael 6% redde so ay 0&1~
CNAVIP'5 Nxipli's MT~sx
Hfis armour glytte'red as dyd'a jtede.
q 0.S. OV'CUsRv CnIACs.
e a 751*1L~vo&re's- TROT.y




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY-   26


M


GLEE F (S. glig),- anciently signifie music ox' Min-n..strelsy generally, and gligmen (gleemen) were
minstrels or. performers upon some musical instruwent.            N
The giemen useden hir tcrnge,.
'the wode aquelghtte so hy songe.
Roms. -OF S. LbLISAt7N09.
There saw I syt in other sees,,
Playing upon Other so"&dy glees.
ICHAUCER'S BUICK OF FAMEc.
CGLEEK    (S. glig), a ulusician-; also, music.         The
verb to gleek, from the Saxon gligiana, a droll or.Mimic, signifies 4o neer at, gibe, mock, or make
ýmerry with. -Gleek (F. glic) was also a game at,cards nowlaloally unknown.
VWhat will you Iglve us?-No mtosey bjut thse gfts~*;
I will give you the minstrel.   I UOADJ       ~Z.
I can gleek upon occasion.
MIDS. NIOIT'S D)REAM.
There's gkeeS for you; let me have my glz.
O.*P. MOTHER Bomssix..
WhatPesiss) g*vk I hope's in fashion y~et.
0.. P. Tuz WIve.
GLENT (S. glidan), moved swiftly, glided.
O~ut of his saddle he hywn gleaMe.
'RON-. OF RICK. CmezaL DX Liow?.
Osaea hondes thorowe the greese gfrnt.
0. B. OF CHEVY CHACE.
GLOAM!INO (S. glomnung), the twilight; and, figura-.
tively, Iu'lries~s, melancholy, gloo my.
The glowsing comes, the daylis spent
A. Hvmx's Cuaori.
What devil, *Oman? phs~ekep your heft ab4 leve of aI this
0. P. GANs. GuvoN's0 NRDJLE.
aLOBE    THEATR.E.      This thedtre was situated on




A GLOSSAIIAL AND


Bankside, and was the house in which Shakspeare
acted. A licence was granted to him and others
in 1608 for theatrical representations. It was a
summer theatre, and the performances took place
in the day time; it was built of wood, on the site
of the old    Bear Garden, and was of a circular
form in the interior. Shakspeare's K. Hen V.
confirms this fact.
----    Can we cram
Into this wooden O the very casques
That did affright the air at Agincourt
---- That the Globe (i. e. the theatre),
Wherein (quoth he) reigns a world of vice,
Had been consumed.
0. P. THE Musis' LoorKIN  GLASS.
GLOUT, to look sullen, to pout; said to be derived
from Goth, glea, to look attentively: it is still used
in many provincial dialects.
He gan to moorne, and held hym stylle;
Hegluted, and gan to syke.
RoM. OF RICH. C(BUR DB LION.
Glouting with sullen spite, the fury shook
Her clotted locks, and blasted with each look.
GARTH's DISPENSARy.
GLOZE (S. glesan), to wheedle, flatter, or collogue.
Therefore ye glozen Goddes bests,
And begile people yong and old.
CHAUCER'S PLOWMAN'S TALK.
Of me, certain thou shalt not be glosed.
CaiucRa's NONNxs PRIxsTas TALE.
GNAR (S. gnyrran), to growl, snarl, or murmur.
He gan to rear his bristles strong,
And felly gnar.
SPezCNR's F. QvEzN.
And wolves are gnarling who shall gnaw thee.
2 PART K. HSN. Vt.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.*       6


265


GNARLED (Teu. knorre), knotty,.
Spllt'st the uzwedgable and gx"Ierg oak.
USA$. FoA MZAA.
GaBIRT (F. gobeast), small pieces, a lump, or morseL.
He mid hebhad agobbet of thesall
That St. Peter had.I
CEAUCEM'"S PRtO. rto PARIDoNza's TA~z-n
FQUl of great lumnps of flesh and gebbeE raw.
SPENsiR's F. QVEEN.
GODEMAN (from good and man),, the master of the
house, the landlord,, and sometimes the husband;
this was its original signification, but afterwards
it was applied as a rustic mode of salutation, and
generally ironically.
The grodemata welcomed faire the kyng.
ROMe. OF TKEE 5EYVt SA0ES.
The godeman of the house was Delon bight.
SPiENsER' F. QuxrN.v
Nay, hear you; goodman,, deliver.
HAM.LET.
GOW'S SANTY, an ancient oath, a contraction, of
God's sanctity or holiness.
God's &ante! this is a, goodly book.
0. P. Tax LONGERn Tnou LIV'S TUEx MOREi
FOOL Tuov, ART.
By God's sonfies! 'twill be a hard way to hit.
Mxusc. OF VEN14n.
GOD WARD, towards God, inclined to godliness,
religious.
He was a very rogue In the business between man and man;
but as to Godward, he was always accounted &an upright man and
very devout.
0. P. CUTTER OF COLXMAN SfTREET.
GOEL (S. geolewe), yellow; hence gold is so called.
from being of that colour.
Hlop roots so well chosen, let skilful go set,,
The goeler and younger, the bettet.
Tussvit.
AA




26G


266      A GLOSSA1UAL AMYD


Gotris (0. F. gore), Indiscreet., foolish.
For WO bewae ft 6fgql9e peaptt' speechet
That *emen things which that never were.
CHAWOIR's Taoi. ANRI Ciauss.
GOLLS, the hands, a word of no ascertained~etyrnolog~y.   Dr. Johnson, says it is used in contempt-,
but it is.& word in comanor use with the old dramatists, and not always if ever used in that sense,
These claws shall ýclaw you to a bar of shame,
Wher Wo sha shw th gwt.  0. P. RAM ALLSY.
Down with hik gofte, I charge youa.
0. P. MAYoR 0or QUJNBO0ROUOM.
Gom    (S. guma), a man.        See "cGroom."I Gloton, quod the game, giltre me yelde.
P. PLOWMAN'S VIS.
The aomes that were egre of sight,
Wtth 1hlWhins ibileL they gan to fyghit.
Axis AND AmILOUN.
GOOD CHEAP, a literal tra nslation of the French bon
mart-4h. Cbegp, fromn tht Maxon Ceapaw, to traffic
or sell, was a general nhrne for a m~arket, the present Cheapsid(~ being formerly called'West Cheap.,
from a market being held there, and from hence
is also derlived chapman (S. ceajyman), a dealer.
I wbld br~tsg theM aID tb heveW to god chepve.
0. INTER. Tuz Fouai P:'Iw
But -the sack that thou hast drunk me, would have-bought~me
lights as gwobod #k~ A th~e deattet ftudides.
I PA"iK   hwX   ye.X
He buys other men's cunning, good cheap in -London.,
DixKAa'S BXL.JIANW IIGHT. -WALRUS.
600~t) ll an abbrev'iatio'n 'of good evening, a
salutation.
Good dews, Sir Richard--God 4#' mercy fellow.
K. JO0YHNý.




ATYMOLEGIG416~ D14CTIONARY.   6


297


GOODYER (F. gousger#),, the lues venerea, an excluArna~n formerly in use, which is superseded by
the better understood but not more delicate what
WhaX Mt a gO*4frrAe ya.o youao rl
ISLR or GULLS.
Qosoip Queasy,, WhPA a geetyer, would you have?
0. P. Tax WITS.
The goasjeera shall devour them, flesh and fell.
K. LSAX.
GORBELLY (from, F. gqurmond)f a gross feeder, on~e
whose paunch is d~istended by gliittony.
Hang ye~grkj~eIed knaves,- are ye *ndone?
I PART K. Hsu. iT.
CORD, an instrumnent uwed i# gaming, so says Dr
'Johnson; but from tbe quo~tious to illustrate its
niea~iag, it would rather seem to be the name of
some now-forgotten game.
Thy dry bones can reach %t n9thing ng~w but gord and nine pins.
BEAUJMONT AND FLNUcHER.
let vs~twies grip tty guts; for genr and Palihag holds.
M. Wzvss Pgr Wwuaaa.
GOREtI (B. gore,'), a pioce of cloth in~serted in. a gvrment to widen it-, being pointed at one erW and,
broad at the bottpmn.
A barme cloth, white as morwe milk,
Upon her lesies isaay a gore.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
An elfe queert shall my leunu~n be,
AMA Sige Vadoi my ppe.
GOSS 8AM?4ER  (low  Lat. go#4ium), t4e. long. White,
cobwebs which float in the air in.autumn.
As sore wond&** son oft cause of tisonder,
On ebbe agd. dood, on guisaamv and on mist.
CIAUtCER's SQUIRE'S UtA:




268


208       A *GLOSSARIIAL A1410,


A lover may bestrde the gosameru,
That idle in the wanton summer air.
RoFAto AXtD 3CL)1~'.
Gossip (S. godeyb). The primary signification is
relationship or affinity, but it has other meanings,
as the sponsor at a christening, and was generally
understood to be the godmothber. Our- ancestors,
comprehending a spiritual affinity between the
child and its sponsors, called them god~yb, as relate'd through God. It also denotes boon conmpanioxis and idle talkative women.
Azni If have a jseip or afrMend,
CuIAucua's PRO, TO TX5 Wi72 Of SAMK
'Ti nct a maids for she hath gessnp.
Two GsNTs. 0F VXAcisAe
To do the office of a neighbour,
And be.a gbeelp at her labour.. 1VI~tl
GOSTE (S. gaet), mind or spirit.
As Well in body as in gf@1t4 chaste was she9.
CasAVcXR's CRANONs, YNoR~IAN' TAtx.
GOUTS (F. goutte), This word has, no sing~ular, and
though 'it is originally derived from     the French,
*the meaning' is not simply drop., but. condensed or
clotted matter., as congealed blood, &c.; iin this
sense., it is still in use in the midland counties.
I see thiee still,
-And on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood.
MACBRZT.
GRAMARYE', the art or necromancy, and probably a
corruption of the French word grzimoire, which., in
the  old, Fitnch romiancdes, signified a conjuring
book.
The irst was granarfet
--Mu"iu and'astonomlet
BOX. Of TUN SXVXN 54035.




A~1'MtOEOGI CAL DICTAOVARY. 0


269


My m0the was A weatarn Woman,
Andf learned in gramarie. 0 3  rKroETZ2
GRAkME (S. gram), grlief or anger;- it is used in both
senses by Chauckr.
A ntannes mi~th It wol tiarrt al to grame.
VsatrcNOgt's (I400O'NSt Vxqu~re TA0*.
GitmsRor (F. grand merci), literally, great tbacks;
an, expressioin of obligatien..
Gramercy,. Mammon, said the gentle WW~..
Si~aNsza's F. QVKE?*v
Be It so, Titus,, and gramercy too.
TIT. ANDRON.
EIRA1MGE (L. granagiurn), originally so called from
the place where the rents (paid in grain) to the
monasteries were deposited; it afterwards denoted
a furs house, having- the usual buildings attached
necessary for the purposes of hisbandry; and, as
such houses were generally at a distance from any
neighbourhood, it became a term for any lonehouse.
There, -at the moated gnmgel, ftsdes *e SejoekW Mritna..
MBAs. FOR MEAS.
This, is Veeiaie;
My house is noV a-grmzge.
OTHELLO.
9.RAYLF (F. grgte), MSHal particles of sand or Any
other thing.
That all his bones'as shall as sandy grayta
Ito bwkeq vat 414 lI~s bowels disentrayi.
GREAE  (S  gref),the old way of spellinggoe
a thicket of trees.
Yet when ditefiew Into that covert greare.,
lie, hor not fandiog, lwt them thus nigh dead diuiki~ve.
A A 3




27e0


AA GLObSARIAL AND


Some in the taller trees, some in the greves.
DRAYTON'S POLTOLD.
GREDALINE, derived by Boyer from grie de lin,
literally, the grey of flax, having a purple hue.
Cotgrave has the word gredille, puckered, and
hence it may admit of a doubt, whether the colour
or the shbape of the garment is to be understood by
the quotations; the former is the most probable
supposition.
His love-(Lord help us!) fades like my gredaline petticoat.
O. P. TaE PARsow's WZDDING.
The gridelis pall that down her shoulders flowed.
LAY or StIR LANAL.
OGREE (F. gre), good will, good graces, favour.
We ought
Receiven all in gree that God us sent.
CHAUCER'S CLERK'S TALE.
Which the accepts with thanks and goodly gree.
SUnsENR's F. QUEEN.
The verb gree (0. F. greer), to agree, is commoaly so spelt in old authors.
The meane that greet with country musicke best.
GapZZN's FAREWELL TO FOLLY.
GREECE (F. graitse), fat.
Eche of them slew a hart of greece.
0. B. AbnA BELL, CLYM OF T31
CLOUVORe, &C.
GREEN    SLEEVES, a popular ballad, in the reign df
Queen Elizabeth, caHed A Northern Ditty of the
Ladye Green Sleeves.
But they do no more keep place together than the hundredth
psalm to the tune of Green Seewee
MIrL Wzvzs or WINdsor.
GREE8 (F. grew), sometimes written grice, a flight




ETYMOLOGICAL - DCTIONARY.


27 4


of steps; the plural of gree, a stair or step, derived
primuarily from the Latin gradus.
By many a gree, ymade of marbyl graye L
LvmGATV*.
Oliv. That's a degree of love.
Viol. No, not a griSe.
TWBLFTH NMORT.
GREET (S. grwdian), to weep, cry, or lament.
I am, Thomas, your hope, to whom ye crie and grete.
P. LANOTOrT's Czbox.
Tell me, good IHobbinol, what gars thee greete?
SPENSaR's SHieP. CAL.
GREGORIAN TREE, a cant term for the gallows, so
called from Gregory Brandon, the common hangman in the time of Charles I.
This trembles under the black rod, and he
Both fear his fate from the Gregorian tree.
MXac. PRAOMATICUS.
GREITHE     (S. geredian), to make ready, prepare.
Unto the Jewes such an hate had he,
That he bade greithe his chare full hastily.
CUAuCER's Mok0as Pao.
GRIDE (It. gridare),to pierce with a cutting weapon.
Such was the wound that Scudamour did gride,
For which Dan Phabus' self eannot a salve provide.
USXwsua's F. QUEEN.
GRIEFS (F. grever), wrongs, grievances.
Know, then, I here forget all former griefs.
Two GNTs. OF VEaXONA.
ORIS (F.), a grey fur, of great value.
The pavis all of fur and gris.
0. B. Guy or WAawxez.
I saw his sieves, purflled at the hond
With grt, and that the finest in the loade.
CHAucEA's Pao. TO CANT. TALEs.
GRISELY     (8. griatic), abominable, dreadful, hideOUS




Mr


-A LOWSARIAL- - APIY


$poke xeumore, 4 U& fji *9i
Of her horrible lust and her likyng.SCuatuckt's WzP-B or BATIKIs E'ao.
Yaul h140o~w aMrioelf did kis face APpea.
SPENSECR's F. QUEEN.
G;RIZEL, commonly caflld Patient Grizel, the lady
of Walter, marquis of Saluce in Lombardy, whotried her Patience- and constancy by, the most
severe tests, which nevertheless she' bore without
comnplaint or repining.
With words Ar bittrerr than wormwood;.
Tkt would in Job -or Gtizel stir smood.
HUDISRA.M
GROGRAM      (F. grow gran)      a species of stuff of a
coarse texture.
The imperWialower his Pwecw*JW puril dire,4
Tile Mily hi0 her silvergrogeram rears.
YL~WCRrcaS PsmnaPI ISLAAW.,
Yaw onl, wearint is yousr gogeram,
lemwis POElMS.
GROINE, to'sul or thang the lip i n discontent. Cotft'
POW, ar~   f  grain,.to! POW,. lower, *or
frown.
Aa I yif m~im coter seakeson
Ne 'wraf, then thalt thou have a groine anon.
CIIAucER's Taot. AND CRESS.
GROOM or GROME, a' Corrupion 'f the $8.xon gumam;
a man; it, in old writers, also sig-nifies a male ser.'
van t, whatever be his duaty or. slie. See "Gom.40
HusbaWno Wfffj ke am&*I "-eg,'me.
Rom. OF RICK. C(EVR DEc LION.
Then mie~ sAt geeem 10d forth limn led
Jaw a goeoy uodge.
I  I o         S~xSsz]&' P. QUEEN.
Gw'NPiu?1*. Lv the early ~stsie ot 4ram *Miaenter-~
tainments, the pit of the theatres was literally on,




ETYUOLOGICAL DICTION5ARYS   7


273


the ground,. having neither floor."nor benches;
hence the frequenters of that part of the house
were called groundlingss.
Your groundling And galery commoner- buys his sport for a
penny.               DEiKAxR's GUL'S HORN Boox.To split the ears of the grurnndlings.  1ALT
GROWTE (S. grut), groats*, i. e. oats, with the outward skin or hull taken off~, made into a dish,
mixed with butter. A mesa of dillegrowte.1is still
served up at the coronation feast of the kings of
England, according to ancient custom.
Sweete rotuge at whlg his battle hat
All much as it might holde.
Os S. Aneanwusu AxD CvzAxw
GRUNUBL or GROUNDISEL (S. grwsd and sill), the
piece of timber fixed In the ground under the door
of a house or other building, the threshold.
In his ea temple, o= the ge'o.0sel edge,
Where he fol eatV and sham'd his WQ1tiIfjpd.'
PAit. LoST."fOutesasts ofheavon?  a~bjectrace ~anscornedt
Began he, on the h~orridgVwmecl #Uumfi)nCg w'sD,
GUARDSO (F. garder). A garment welted or bor.dered -was sad to be guarded, because it kept the,cloth from being torn; these afterwards came to
be used as ornaments on wearing apparel..
Give him a livery
More guarded than hIds felows.
MuaCnf. 'or Vafiaca.
IVl have thee go like a citizen, with a guarded gownA S"
French hood.
0. P.. LoxboNc P~SOIGA&.
GUARISH1 (F. guerir), to heal, cure,. or restore to.
heal t~h




* SLOSAIAIAL AWD


PAily alp 4res4 b~in, sad d14 *e be**,
Mls grievous hurt to guarish.
SeV*MsR9 a's.QcgsWWGUERDON (F.), price, reward, or recompensQ.
The;l~orne of beaitvA with whiche God4W shawir4on max for
hi~ good d.eedes.          CAIZ'      ZSNfe      AE
]Death, in guerdr* of her wrions,
Gives her fatme which nevez- dies.
Mucu ADO ABOUT NOTHING.
Gum.E (S. wisa), external demeanour, manner,..
habit, custom, peculiarity, either in conduct or
dress. See " Gise."1
And as the guise was In his countree,
Fui Webi upOs a ebst of gold a&*#4 IM
C11AUCsa's KN10owr's TALK._
"9W It her eY" plop;, observeher.w MOXT1
GuxoRx (L. guirgee), a -gulf or whirlpool.
Me 91.1 Wli$min a black s=s biltumsou gurae
~o~l ~utfrommmde grQnI.    PAR. Lo*r.
Hgpre a bolt kicklu~g laffiq 9 9p~SF
"Md there one ginkthg In tho"gu,*es.
(s*smoX'e VIRG. TR-Ay.
G~a(0  F. g~e9~to guide or g'oyern'.       Theý word.
"64geep" saedl torhoes, is probably derived from this.
AnM sft Romaysm asmdtomburdle,
For thou can'stpil we)jhqom gye.
Kee. o K. AvWAWsb4au.?   MAd 9thatYe in ceptOvasnp. 0
He wit you love as mne.
R*AV0'411  9#sU9    4
GYRK (L~gyu-), tho act of.tur~iinag-roupd, a circle
described by movin~g Wi so orbit;. it is used figurativoly to signiify changeable, unsettled, &c. See.
Into a study he fell sodenly,
As doen those lovers in their queintgyres.
Or. strike or hurlen round in warlike gyre.
Sf&NSKR'S IF. Qmmw.




"ETYMOLOWGICAL DICTIONARVO:




H.
IIAMGEROoN (F. haubergeem), -a ooa~t of mail, eaviering- only the head and shoulders; a piece of armouir.
Soul wol be arinedin an 7.a.'ergeoss.
CisAUCue'S KN!G~r'5 ~TALN.
'Lodg'diss Magssssnos brass habergeox,s.Who straight "a surgeon"' cried.
JUAB.~iAB (S. habbezm nab-ban), any thirig' done aet
irandom or wit~hout previous.consideration,
Then looks 'em o'er to understand 'em,
Although set down, Udrsab, at~randoas.
IBID.
~HACKENAY -(F. haquen'&),?formerly a general term
'for a homse, though now a-ppropiated          to a hired
sor common one.
Neytisyr stede nor palfray,
lint a stftff wMA his Aackemuy.
4We sa$ I had stolens b~y%; &hd I sayd msay:
This is, sayd he, my brother's hackenaye.
Owj MOnRxswY or YCRXu ScoaIVEs.
H,*AoG&RiD (F.?Aagard), a. wild species of hawk
which, if not pto-perty tattled., will ft7 at birds not
game.
As hagard hwwk presuinnig to contesd
With thardy fbrwi.
And, atk the lseggardt heck at every feather.
A pzoud haggard, sand not to be rKeIalO'4.
MASSINcsza's MA*ID or Ho~eoug.
HAKICTON. See "Acton."
HALCYON      (L. halcyo), the name given to. the bird
called the kingfisher, which breeds in the winter




27


A GLOSSARIAL AND


season, and, as tradition informs us, no storm or
tempest happens during the time the eggs are
hatching, hence halcyon days denote peaceable
times and pleasant or fair weather.
Expect St. Martin's summer, halcyon days.
1 PART K. HEN. VI.
HALE (F. haler), to drag with violence, to pull with
force; now corrupted into haul.
Hither hale the misbelieving Moor.  TIT. ANDRON.
I'll hale the dauphin headlong from his throne.
1 PART K. HEN. vt.
HALFENDELE (from S. half), the half or half part
of any thing.
Quod Troilus, for never yet no dede
Had I er now, me halfendele the drede.
'CHAUVRr's Taor. AND CRESq.
That now the humid night was farforth spent,
"And 'heavenly lampes were halfendele y-brent.
SPxNs8a's F. QUEEN.
HALIDOM (S. halig dome), that is, holy doom; the
sentence at the general resurrection, a form of adjuration.
By my halidom, I was fast asleep.
Two GzTs. oP VRBOWA.
HALLOWMAS (S. halig and ma.s), the Feast of All
Saints (1st Nov.).   It was anciently a custom for
persons to go begging on this day for money to
purchase soul cakes, but the object was to make
merry with the donation. Its origin was to procure money to pay for masses for the souls of departed friends, and the solicitation was made in a
whining tone.
TO speak puling, like a beggar at Hallowmas.  Isw.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


277


HALarE (S. hals), the neck; the verb to halse, signified to embrace the neck with affection.
And when she found that he was false,
She hong herself by the halse.
CHAcCnR's BOEs OF FAMs.
Instead.f stroke, each other kissed glad,
And lovely haulst.
SPNSEIR's E. QuZs.N.
HAPPY MAN BE HIS DOLE, a proverbial expression
of frequent occurrence in the ancient drama; the
dole was the provision distributed at the doors of
the houses of the opulent, but it subsequently
meant any thing dealt out or distributed, and the
sense of the proverb is, " may your dole or share
be that which will make you happy."
Wherein, happy man be his dole, I trust that I shall not speede
worst.
O. P. DAMON AND PYTHIAS.
Happy man be his dole that misses her.
O.P. GRIM, THE COLLIER OP CROYDON.
HARBOROWE        or HERBOROUGH         (S. herberga), a
lodging, an inn.
For my trouth, if I should not lye,
I nat sey this yere so merry a company
At ones in this herborowe as is now.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO PARDONER'S TALE.
HARDIMENT (F.), boldness, courage, stoutness.
For through him had I hardiment
Again to daunger for to go.
CHAUCER'S ROM. OP THB ROSE.
But he himself betook another way
To make more trial of his hardiment.
SPeNsRsa's F. QUEEN.
HARLOT (0. F. arlot). Anciently this word signifled a base and worthless person, and was applied
BB




-278


I8  A -GLOSSARIAL AND)


indiscriminately to both sexes, but never in the
sense it is now used was appropriated to a female;
it also denoted a servant of the lowest order.
A sturdy harlot went hym aye behind,
That Was bir hostes man and bare a sakke.
CHAUCER'S SOMPNOUR'S TALE.
The harlot king
Is quite beyond mine arm.
WINTER'S TALE.
HARNESS (F. harnois), defensive armour.
A goodly knight, all dress'd in harness meet.
SPNBERa's P. QUatN.
----   Blow wind, come wrack I
At leit te'll die with harness on our back.
MACBETH.
HARRY (F. harier), to make a predatory excursion;
to rob, strip, or plunder; also, to vex, tease, or use
roughly.
And boldly brent Northumberland,
And haryed many a towyn.
0. B. CHEVY CHACE.
And he that herro'd hell with heavy stowre.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
I repent me much
That I so hrry'd him.
ANTH. AND CLEOP.
HATBAND.      See " Cable Hatband."
HATCH (S. hkeca), a half door, the upper part of
the door way being open.
In at the window or else o'er the hatch.
X. JOHr.
HATTED (from S. h(a), wearing a hat.          It appears
from Hollar'sOrnatusMuliebrisAnglicanus (1640)
that only females of an inferior degree wore hats.
It is as easy way unto a dutchess
As to a hatted dame.
0. P. Tar RKvENoeit' TEASSMr.
HAvoc (S. hafoc, a hawk).        This was originally a




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.   7


279


phrase used in hunting., but afterwards became a
war cry and the signal for indiscriminate slaughter.
*Do not cry havoc where you should but hunt
With modest warrant.
CORIOLANUS.
Cry havoc!I and let slip the dogs of war.
JUlL. CXSAR.
HAUGIIT and HAUTAINri (F. haut), high, noble,
great, and not proud and overbearing according
to its modern use.
There is no lady so hauteine,
Duchesse, countesse, ne chastelaine.
CUAVCUR's Raw. OF THx Rosr.
Valiant and noble, full of haughty courage.
I PART K. Hax. V1.
Pompey, that second Mars, whose laaught renown
And noble deeds were greater than his fortunes.
0. P. CORN2LIA.
HAYWA RD,. a person empl oyed to take 'pare of the
hay before stacked, as woodward is ono appointed
to gruard or take care of a wood..
The hUpward bloweth mary his homne,
In everiche flel4, ripe is comue.
Reat. or K., A-LaSAUsNDS.
HEARTr o? GRAcr.         This phrase is probably a corruption of hart of g1reece, from' the F. grai8ee, fat,
denoting the stoutness of' the animal; a heart of
grace therefore indicated couItace and determined
resolution.
These foolish puling sighs
-Are good fog vaothlsat-tke heart qf rraees wau..
0. P. Tax ORnIstARi..
HIEBENON and. HEEnji, the plant henbanej of aP)OISQflOUS quali~ty.,
WitIU juice of cursed hebenostia a-vlaIE
HAWLIT..




280


A, GLO&$ARIAL ANMDY


The juice of Aebon and ~Cocytus' breath,
Aknd ali'the poisons of the Stygian pool.
0. P. Tas Jaw ow MALT*.
IElISUCGGE, the curruca, hedge sparrow, or tomtit,
in whose nest the cuckoo is said to lay her eggs,
and when they are hatched and suifficiently strong,
they desstroy the bird that bred them.
Thou murderer of the heisugge on the branch
That brought thee forth, thou ruful glutton.
cJSAucaR's Assass. oiP FOULZS.
HELVE (S. heif), the handle of an. axe or hatchet.
7here his axes stood by, hem selves
Ue kept one with a well good helve.
0.3B. Guy air WARWICK.
HENCHMAN (S. Aengetman), in its primary oignification meant a horseman, but afterwards was
aipplied to a page of honour formerly a state officer,
the   office was abolished      in the   time -of Queen
Elizabeth
Every, knighst had after himrling
Three hesschmen, on him waiting.
*   CE1AUczA's FLoUR`X AmD LZAPS.
I do but beg a little changeling boy
To be Mhy henschman.
MIMe NIoar's DxANAW
HEND     (S. hean), kind, gentle, civil, courteous.
Now I san dubbed a knight, lseide
W-onder wyde shall waxe my famne.
OLDJ INTO. Tox WORLDS ANA TE3X CJSYLDE.
In, queth'the dwarf, and louted lowe,
Behold that hessde soldau.
0. B. SJA cAULINE.
H-ENT (S. kenstan), to catch or lay hold of.
But all that he might of his friends Iscnt,.
on books and on iAfrnip ghe It, weit.
CHAU'CER'S Cs~sax 01 Oxturvonw's TALS.
The gravest citizen
flave &Wa the sates,  -    1UAV. FOR?4pAS,,




EVTYMVICOGrCAL DrcTWIARY.


281


HE PE (S. heopa), the'bulbous head of the flower
called. the dog rose, remaining after the leaves are
shed, now called hip,.
-Sweet a& is the bramble floure
That bereth the lod hepe.CoAvsTCUlt' EaSTE  op Sin TIOPAS.
HE.RBERGER.,a person employed to procure logings.,
See "Harborowe."
By herbergers that wenten him before..
CHAuoaa'a8 MtAr or LAwas TALEt.
HERDES or HURD.%, rouigh coar'se hemp, the refuse
of the distaff.
And she had'on a surkeney,
That not of hempe herdes was.
CNAVVRtc'S SOX. or TEx Roas.
HERtNE: (S.), a corner. Herne Bay, on the coast of
Kent, is so called from being in an. angl.
Sicker in evfry belles and in every Aerrw
Particular science for to leasn.
COAUChRe'S FRAM3asKN  TALM
IIERYI;VG (S. h~erimn), to praise or celebrate.
How I mote tell anon right the gladnesse
Of Troilus to Venus hayinsg.
CHAucER's Tgoi. AND CRESS.
Then woaldat thon Zear to Carol Of love#
A~d herey with hymns thy lees's glove.
Srsrrsan's8 SEEP. CAL.
HEST '(S. haieat), command,- precept, in~junction,
promise. See " Behest,."
And reansack all their dene from most to least,
Regardialt novoght religion nor their holy heest,
Si'areaie's F.. QLuwziv.
Refusing her grand heats, she did confine thee.
TaazrasT.
HET111NG     (S), scorna, mockery, derision, cont~empt.
All is thy kethinig faWen upon thee'.
P. LAic'orl'5f CruOXrr.
z B 3




A0202


A;GOSIA ANV.


Al" I! quad John, the day that I was borne,
Now are we driven to hething and to'scorne.
CHAUCSEK'5 iivz's TALM.
HEY    DAY,, an interjection expressive, of frolic andexultation.
'Twas a strange riddle to 9, lady,.
Not love, if any lov'd her: he dy Ides,! AS
HEY DE GUISE, a word o'f uncertain' derivation,
perhaps a corruption of the last word hey day, that
safter th    gise or manner of a frolic; a wild,and frolicsome dance.
By wells and rills, in meadows greene,,
We nightly dance our key dfy guise.
0. B. ROBIN GoODFELLOW.
Cast yox; r eye on our gipsey fashions,
In our antique hey de guise we go beyond all nations.
o. P. Tux SPAmNIS Otet.Hiccius DOOTIUS (a c~orruption, of hic est doctu,
"91this is the learned man"), cant words used by
-jugglers ip the exhibition or their tricks, from
hence it -became a name for a jugg ler or deceitral
tricking pepson.
An old dull sot, who tol~d the eloek
For many years at Bridewnil Dock,
At Westminster-and Hlckstis Hai,
And hiccius doccius play'd in all.
HL1DIRRAS.
HIGHT (8. hatan), named or called.
A worthy duke,. that Ahight Perithous,
That fellow was to Duke Theseus.
Cis Arcina's KNIeNT's TALE.
Malbeco, he and Hellenore she hight.
SPxxsER's F. QuEEN.
HI LDING; (S. hyldan), a low, paltry., degeiserate
fellow; a term of contempt, sometimtes applied-to
the female sex..




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


288


If your lordship do not find him a hilding, hold me no spore
in your respect.
ALL'S WILL THAT ENDS WaZL.
Out on her, hilding.
ROMsO AND JuLilr.
HIND (S. hine), a servant, peasant, or rustic.
A couple of Ford's knaves, his hinds, were called forth by
their mistress.
MERRY WIvzs or WINDSOR.
'Tis like the commons, rude unpolish'd hinds.
2 PART K. HuN. IT1
HipoGtiFv (F. hippogriffe), an imaginary winged
horse.
He caught him up, and without wing*
Of hippogrif, bore through the air sublime.
PAn. RGOA-IND.
HIREN, a cant word for a courtezan or harlot, corrupted from syren.
There be syrens in the sea of the world, hires as they are
now called-in plain English, harlots.
ADAMS'S SPIRITCAL NAVIGATOR.
Down, faltors! have we not hiren here
S PART K. HUs. Iv.
Ho, an interjection signifying a stop, limit, or bound.
Cotton spells it whoe, and as this word is still used
to horses, it is probably a corruption of the original word ho, both having the same meaning.
There is no ho with hinmbut onee heartened..
NASH's LXNTXN SsrwV.
Plague on them, there's no he with them.
0. P. Tua HONaST WHORz.
Now this same Cartherge, you must know,
Juno did love out of all wshoe.
COTTOw's VIao. TRAv.
HOBBY RORSE.        A figure so called, made of pasteboard or other materials, was introduced ia the
old May games and in the Christmas Jestivities,




2#84


A CLGS3ARIAL-ARP


and continued till the fanatical times of Cromwell,.
when it was abolished with other innocent amusements by the puritanical sectaries.
How like an everlasting morris dance it looks;
Nothing but hobby horse and Maid Marian.
MAssMOIus's VSKv WOMANW.
T'other ho4by horse, I perceive, is not forgotten.
0. P. GRZENas' Tv QUOQUE.
HObELER (0.- F.), a species of light horse soldier,
0 called from. the French Isobin, *a little short
maned horse.
Ten thousand knights stout and fers
Withouten hebelers and squyers.  N.0OC.I.
HROCCAMWRE, a Rhenish wine, called Old Hock, from*
its being made at Hockheim, near Mentz.
And made them stoutly overcome
*lth Baerak, IHocamot4, and Muft.
H4ocus'i'ocus, words' Used by jugglers or practisers.
of ftAerdewiain., of no definite meaning, but said
by Pagge" aid, others. to be a ludicrous torruption
of ho e ot corpue, used by popish priests in consecrati. g the h~ost.  Turler, in his H1istory of, the~
AV.&o 8aco"t, with more 'probability, derives it
from OckueN Bee/sue, -a M~agician of the northern
mythology, whose name, according to Verelius,
was linvoked by the Italian conjurors.
Arid like blind, Pocttpur,, wigh. aRkkit,
Convey men's inte~re'st and rig.ht.,
From Stliles's pocket into Nokfesl's,; JBIS
HODDRTVIXE5 A t'tterm f'?*reptg(k'ly'nonimous with




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


285


Art here agayne, thou hoddypeke? What, Doll, bryng me
out my spitte.
O. P. GAM. GURTON's Nxzunu.
HoGH (Du. hoogrrh), a hill.
That well can witness yet unto this day
The western hogh, besprinkled with the gore
Of mighty Gwemot.           SrPENSER'S F. QUE..
11OGS NORTON, the name of a town in Oxfordshire,
properly spelt Hoch Norton according to Ray;
but Peck and. Grose contend that Hogs Norton is
in Leicestershire, and that the old proverb, " you
were born at Hogs Norton, where pigs play on
the organ,". arose from the fact that the organist
of the church was named Piggs. To accuse a man
of being born at Hogs Norton, implied a charge
of boorish manners.
S  If thou bestowest any curtesle on mee and I do not requite
it, then say I was brought up at Hogs Norton.
NAsH's ArOL. or P. PsNXMuXss9u,
And pillows asl securely snort on,
Like organists of fam'd Hogs Norton.
COTTON'S Vixe. TRAY.
HoIsE    (F. hauseer), to raise on high, to lift up or
displace; the word is now spelt hoist.
We'll quickly haise Duke Humphrey from his seat.
2 PART K. IHNF. VI.
Hoise sail and fly.
CHAPMAN'S PoXMs.
HOKERFUL (Teut. hockeriche), cross, froward, peevish.
Then was the ladye of the house
A proud dame and malicious,
HokerfulI and mis-segglng.   LAY La FAmINE.
HOKET (F. hochet), a toy or plaything for a clild.
Mony haoket is in amnurs,
Stedfast seldom ben lechoursa
KIow. or K. ALIsAvUSW.x




286


A O LOSSARIAL AND


HOLT (S. holt), a wood, grove, or plantation of
trees.
When Zephirus eke witth his sote breath
Espired hath in every holt and heath.
CHAUCIRA'S P90. TO CANT. TALxs.
Ye that frequent the hills
And highest holts..
TVBERRVILLE'S SovNNETs.
HORIUNT (L. horrene), armed with outward points,
bristled, or with the hair upraised.
Tiery seraphim encircled round
With bright emblazonry and horrent arms.
PARi. LosTr.
H*OSTELRY (F.AJoeteierie),, an inn or place of public
entertairnment.
That night was come Iinto that Aedthrg
Wei nine and twenty in a company.
CHAUCERAS PRO. 70 CANT. TALES.
HOULET (F. ksdoUe), the provincial term for an owl,
but, generally called Padge or Madge' houlet.
Adder's fork and blind worm's sting,
LiwariI'a log.and honlet's wing.  MCEH
i:oUI;aLx anid HOU8RLL9N (S. hualian), to give -or
receive the holy sacrament, niore.espM*Q~ly, to
administer it to a person in danger of immediate
dceath.
So it be doep in due manere,
A man to kouaels& and to shrive,
CHAUCER'll PLOW5SAN'8 TAiE.
A priest, a priest, Sir Aldwugar,
While I amn a Man 41iVO,
Me for to houwleA" eSOW..0.3B, SIR ALDINGAR.
flovic (B. kefia), too loiter, wait, hover, or remain%
"Tis qama smof the Miine rode,
Womx that s4; Aeeci and a&We.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


287


Awhile she kehod, and beheld
Pavilyons were pight on high.
MORTa D'ARTHUa,
HOYTING, riotous and noisy mirth.
We shall have such hoyting here anon,
You'll wonder at it.
O. P. THs THRACIAN WONDER.
He sings and hoits, and revels among his drunken companions.
BEAUMONT AND FLETCHER'S KNIoGH
OP THE BURNING PESTLE.
HUCKLE (Du. hucken), the hip bone.
For getting up on stump and huckle,
He with the foe began to buckle.
HUDIBRAS.
HUE AND CRY (F. huer), the legal pursuit of a
criminal, by raising the posse comitatis.
How shall I answer hue and Cr/,
For a roan gelding twelve hands high.
JUGGER MUGGER, supposed to be derived from the
Danish huger morcker, to hug in the dark; with
secrecy, in a clandestine manner.
-      We have done but greenly,
In hugger mugger to inter him.
HAMLET.
He died like a politician, in hugger mugger j made no man
acquainted with it.
0. P. THI RETVNGOERS TRAGEDY.
IULL (Goth.hulga), the husk or external covering,
and hence the body of a ship is so called; the
verb signifies to drive to and fro without rudder,
sail, or oar.
He looked and saw the ark hull on the flood.
PAR. LOST.
Here's ucbh a company of fly boats AuthlAg-Y bout tlis gaUllia
that there's no boarding him.
0. P. ANTONiO ANDhidden,  DA.
LUL8TERED (S. heolatra), hidden, retired.




A GLOSSARIAL AND


Shortly I won herborowe me,
There I hope best to hulatered be.
CHAUCKt's Ron. or THE ROSE.
HULVER (S. hulfere), the holly.
Betwixt an hulfere and a wode bende,
As I was ware-I saw there laie a man.
CHAUCER'S COMP. or THE BLACK KNIGHT.
Save hulver and thorn, thereof flail for to make.
TussaR.
HUMPHREY. See.' Duke Humphrey."
HUNT COUNTER, a term derived from hunting; to
trace the scent the reverse way. To run counter
is still in use to signify to go opposite or contrary
"ways. Shakspeare uses it as a term of contempt.
You Aunt counter, hence! avaunt!
2 PART K. HEN. Iv.
HDNT'S Up, the name of an old hunting tune, called
The Hunt is Up, played as a serenade, to awaken
the hunters and call them to the chase; it sometimes implied a morning song to a new married
couple.
I love no chamber music.; but a drum
To give me Hunt's Up.
0. P. Twcs FouR APPRaNTICas or LONDON.
For Joy of your friendly agreement the amorous sun is come
to give you a Hunt's Up.
0O. P. A CHALLENO rFOa BEAUTY.
HURLY (F. hurler), a noise, howling, or yelling;
Hurly Burly, noise or confusion, is also derived
from the French hurler and burler, to which latter
word Cotgrave gives the same meaning.           Dr.
Johnson is therefore mistaken in supposing it not
to be found in any old French word book. Halla
balloo is also more ptobably thui derived than




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*


289


'from Jamieson's hola bas loup, a hunting exclamation signifying attend! keep quiet'. the wolf!
Ay, and araid this hurl.y I Intend
That all is done in reverend care of her.
TAumII air TzE SifRMiw.
When the hurly 6urly's done,.
Whft the bkaule's lost ftd wonk.
MACBSTH.
HURTLE (0. F. heurtelor), to move with swiftness
or' impetuiosity,, to skirmish.
His approved skill to ward,
Or strike or hurtle round in warlike gyre.
Suzusza's F. QUENIS.
Iron sleet of arrowy shower,
Hurtles In the darken'd air.
GRAY'i OnE, Tax FATAL SISTERS.
HUTCH     (F. kuelw), a chest o 'f any kind;- the verb
to hutch, is to hoard up.
In her own loins
She hutch'S the a~lworshipt ore.
MILTON'S CossUS.
HYDE (S. hiide), a quantity of land, said to have
beeni about 120) acres,, but Littleton says the number of acres was antIertatif; it is Sorietimes used-as
a gefteral term for a field.
Whsi cdrne tIpeth In every steode,
Mury It is in field and hjya.  K
*                   Rom. OFrK ALISAUNDRSb
IIYPERION,? a name for Apollo or the siln,
So excellent akinc; that was tp this
fIype'rion, to X satyr.
HA.MLET.
Whereon Hyperion's q~cixgtns fire dotji sI~ne.
TibioN oir AM~NS.




290.A GLOSSARIAL AND


I.
JACK, a Dick name for John, which being a common
one in England, indicated a person of mean origin,
and was used as -a term of contempt proverbially, - as the word gentlie denoted a person of good
lineage; it was also applied to a saucy impertinent
fellow.
Go fro the window, Jack foole, she saide.
CNAUCEc's MILLZaR's TALE.
Since every Jack became a gentleman,
There's many a gentle person made asack.
K. Rice. ij.
JAcKc A.LENT, a puppet thrown at in Lent, like the
Shrovetide cock.
If a boy that is throwing at his,ock a Lent chance to hit me
on the shins, why, I say nothigbpt tu quoque.
O. P. GREENE'S Tu QuOQUS.
Where thou did'st stand ix weeks the Jack a Lent,
PFo boys to bhttrl three thr6wt a ptnny at thee.
B. JoeNsN's TAJ, or A Tu.
JACK oF THB JcloCK         qua98s (F.jaquelet), a figure
connected with a church clock,,made to strike The
quarters upon a bell, similar to those which lately
ornamented the church of St. Dunatan, in Fleet
Street.
While I stand fooling here his Jack e'thl' clock.
K. Rica. ii.
Because that, like a Jack (i. e. of the clock), thou keep'st the stroke
Betwixt thy begging and my meditation.
K. Rica. IXI.
JACK STRAW, bne of the leaders of the Essex rebels




ETYMfOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


291


in 1382, against Richard II. That monarch published a pardon, which Straw's followers accepted,
and he,- being. deserted by the mob, was apprehended and hanged. It- appears the rage of the
insurgents was directed against the Flemings and
Lombards, many of whom were savagely slaughtered.
Certes Jack Straw ne his menie
Ne made shoutes half so shrill
When that they would any Fleming kill.
CHAUCER's NONNXS PamIneS TAL.C
JACOB'S STAFF, a kind of astrolabe or mathematical
instrument for taking heights and distances.
Tell me but what's the nat'ral cause
Why on a sign no painter draws
The fall moon ever, but the half,Resolve me with your Jscob's ataf.
JAMBEUX (F.jambes), armour for the legs.
His jambeus were of cure bul,
His sword sheath of ivorle.
CHAucaa's RHrils OP S  TM EOPASr.
JANE, a Genoese coin of small value, supposed to
be the gally halfpence which, with suskins and
doitkins, were prohibited iini E'Iland by stat. T
Henry V.
Yet Sat refused to have adoe with me,
Because I ceau.nat give her many aesnet.
SwNIsea's P. QuP. N.
JANGLER (F.jangler), a minstrel or performer upon
a loud sounding instriument; it afterwards implied
a babbler or idle talker, a wrangler.
For the noise of the tabours,
And the-trumpeters and jasgelerw.
Rom. or K. ALJSAMNSeA.
cc2




A  LOSSARIAL.414A.


Thy miafe is IoW~, thoujanglist s.8 jaie.
GuAvzAR's iMAN op LAWNS TAMt
JA   TIf (F. gentil), smart, ipruce, gay,, genteell
Both Dr. Johnson and Bailey define'this word incorreetly; it neither means rampant,. wanton, or.
shewy.
'TIs true 'tis a good JaW#~ way of be~gig.
".,   ý~..A P. tfiN PAksoN's WAIDDNi0
In maii or beast they are so comely,
So jan4y# slamocte, and handsome.
What though they dress so dune and jantip  Wwr
JAnE (F.- gaber), to Jest or joke, A japer was a
name given, to. a jester or, buffo~on.
I d~ws adveuftte the pies of my best ea
"mat who the " Is kaowms, 4 wWu tuato ejP. Jm
0,.F. QsAu. OVATons's NXsusz..
NAyl JVe nothim I helis so men foole,
SUAMMON'S ]Pasis.
Ajwps' mad iugolere, sad j agelweur of)esWOO
JAUNCR (F-jancer,),Aat w~uy, or f.a~tigue by hard
riding,, from,,paneer. a ehevl, to exercise a horse
"volnty        and tilr' byflauacinglolnbrolke.
K. RICH. 11.
JFass~s (F. geoia>, slWrt leathern s.riups, tied to the
foot of' a hawk, by which the bird was held on the
hand.
7%M lik salaw1wkishlk fe~f ellg osu fteed
bruse* and jenee. which did lVt her flight.
ET, (F. jetter), to strut, to b-ave a proud and pow p
OWbgai.,, ehuld6 abegger beaftjefeter
Os,,*"'AxI-4wI. THx Foun P.19.
OMetWIM. W AftoeA Viumes.
Twf.,Ah1T NIORT.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*   9


293


JEwisE (a corruption from the L.judic"um), judge-.
ment or punishment.
Therefore r ask death and my jewiae,
But sles my fellow in the-same wise.
CMAucUa's WNIGnr's IALV.
IGNIS FATUUS (Lat.), the ig'nited vapour- which
arises from stagnant and putrid water, called also
Jack with a 1tntern, or - Will -o'th' wisp. The
lambent dlame, which is, caused by this -exhalation,
fr-equently misleads the trAVetlerP and hence the
word. is used to signify -any deceitful appearance.
If!I did not think thou had'st beent an igni fauduu or a ball
of wild fire, there's no purchasei in money. IPR.HM  V
An ignisfatuu8, that bewitches
And leaft nieti iftta pools and ditches.
ILK(&. ela}) the -same, a word still in use in Scot".
an.Ther helpeth nought-, alle goth, that ilk way:
Than may I sain that slle thing mote dey.
0HAUCaR's Lziuerrfs. TARN.
liLATION (L. illatio), inference, conclusion drawn:from premises.
I mean byr Poatiat. iilalien.When you shall offer Jtust occasioni
HUDISRAs.
IMBRANGLE, a low word signifying to embroiL, or.
entangle. They're catch'd in knotted law like nets, -
in which, when- once'they are iirsbrangled,
The mocre they ~stir, the more they're tangled.
1MMAN1TY (L.. immanitas),- ertteltyr, savageness,
bairbarity.
cc 3




010A


A GWSSARIAE' A""


That such immanity and bloody strife
Should reign among professam at oout fath,
1 P.4RT K. HEN. V
Imp (S. impart), a term in falcom~y; to imp out afeather in the wing of a hawk, was to add a new
one to the brolken stumip.
If t'hen we shall shake otour slavish yoke,
Zmp out our diaqIn. couafty's brken wing.
K. RICH.?I.
And when we wish him stay, he smpa his whipg
WltbfeahopPIU!A itbthpl*-0. P. ALWSTMAZAR.
IMPAftADISB (it..r'vparadisare), to put in -&state of
felicity resembling?aradt'seft..
Issjzaradiaed in one another's arms.,  A.-*
AUl myj scsi. may be
Imperadised in you.
N, f6?4E (L. fmprzo), to" stake, 'put; ýor lay iupon.
The king, sir, has wagered him six Biarbary horses; against.
which hea.:aspoae sf Fvelw4 wamites, e.
HAMLET.
I~ft1RTA~tX (0.' F.), not to be borne or endured.
1ThSy soy imwpwrat  is hw Pmzaunme
CisAVCcR's LzTiri 01p Cur iD.
So both attonce him charge on either xyde
With hideouwatrohes IMA4 u**le4 -IweOW
5Swesss'S F. QUINNq.
INCARNAD.INE     (F. incarnadin),      to dye    of a   red,
bright carnation, or Bleth colou'r, used adjectively;
to denote tht     qiour.
WiM dt pet lfeptpas's on=us wak this isod
Owne from my handt No) this-x hmahwwill rather
The multitudinous sea iuscarsadins.
MACDITU.
Such wijasowbita satt a" so*p d~ oi*2,
Cut upon velvet rich, inandn LoYSLAMON      51.4.



ETYMGWOGICAL DICTWNARY6.


INCONTINENT (L. tncontantur). The old and obsolete sense of Whs word is,, without delay, immediately.
Whereac~evqr Jigit of the (oiopell gaetb. Waore,
There I ediflcation do follow incontinent,
OLD TNT. Tits NZW CUSTOM.
Unto the place they camA inco$WtnWn.
INCONY, a- word in frequent tm with the old dramatists, but neither the derivation nor precise meaning can, be learst frer its application; perhaps it
has the    samne  signification   as unCax"...,: giddy,
careless, or without thinking.
A eomeosb frseeey. but that he wants money.
0.. DQC.rQa -Vroa04c.,
While I in thy incongi lap do tumble.
0. P. Ins Jew. Or MALTa.
INDIQN    (F.' iondtgwa4  usie4asrving, unwmorthy."
IuWAign ftl urnirthy
Am I to thilke honour.
CNAuCXZas Cirntxna TALIK.
And all isAgjse w.sidbose a4veaiies
Make head againat'my estimationi.
INDUCTION     (F.), leading to or preliminary.         The
introductory scene preceding a play was formerly
so called, as the episode of the Duke and the
Tinker in the the Tam'n.g- of a Shrew.
This Is bat %n induction; I will draw
The curtains of the trqp4y rlster,
MAqslnqqrxs GUARDIAN.
"alt* have IM4. ONWOdz  dae4aagmri".
K. RicK. iii.
INFSREF (019m     8, frc, a 'COMP&WOU), jMA         Paopa
with.




T006.A GLOSSARIAL ANIT


Now, gramercy, Folyc, my felowe bifere:
Go we hens; tary no longer here.
OLD INT. TmE WORLDSE'AND THNU eNNYtD2.
rNGATE (from in and gate), the entrance or passage.
Therein resembling ancient Janus,
-Which bath in charge the fingate of the year.
SPEMSIR'S F. QUEEN.INGLE. (L. ignie), a fire or ffame.
While winds frae off Bien Lomond blaw#
And bar the o9ors wi' driving snalw,,
And hing us owre the ingle.
BURMs.
Ingle was also 'a -word of endearment -equivalent
to darlingi
Call me your love, your, ingle, your e.Qusltor so; but sister
at no hand.
0. P. TNE -HoNXmS WusOas.
INN (S. inne). This word did not formerly imply
an hotel or house of public entertainment, but the
seat. of a nobleman or other o p Went% person., Grafyli
Inn, Clifford's Inn, &c. were once the London residences-of the-noble families whose names they
bear. Its prim'itivo signification4wa a domicile in
general.
Thou most beauteous iý,n,,,
Why should hard favour'd grief be lodg'd in thee?
K. -RionE. it.
-Nowday is spent;
Thevort with ate Yk~nbaivyke"lifryotr irnw.
SwsNssa's F. -QvzEJ.
%O~TNATE      (.in     and   ordinatue),. irreg-ular, dis-.
orderly, intemrperfte..
Without slinne, chaste, and, inviolate,,
Fxorne AU Ieelta ad Sokhek ffioprite.
cussUCza's$ PaO. TO CANT. TALECS.
tiate, to deal between..




ETYMOLQ6G 14A 1! DIOTWNARH Y.


To treat withbher, by wyay of insterdeale
Of final peace aA4 fair atonement.
SPENSER'S F. Qouale.
INTEIWEL (L. interpello), t6 -tetforth.
This being thus,. why should my tongue or pen
Presume to interpel that fulness? &c.
11. JOIJSQN'S IJJD3RW,0ODS.
INWARD (S.,inweard), intimate, having close connexion or acquaintance.
Who is most inwardi with the noble duke?
My lord,, most sure o'tit for 'twas spoken by one
That 18 snout Awtvfd with the lukets lease luist.
0. P. Tnu RzYxronxsu'TZAozv?.
Joi0ouRou     (So.jectafar), a jester, minic,. of minta.
strel;I one who played, sung, 'and recited Vvses,.
uniting in his perrornasace the vaniou powers of.
mnusitpoetrys anid geticulatiovi; a direst deosondant of the ancient bards.
Miury it to In Wae to heat the hsrpe;
The msta    yetit hejogot? ar cspetht
Rom. or K. ALR5AUPJDRU.
There I saw IslayinsJegelowsr,
MicAgtclaf anid trae~tour.
CHAUCER'Sq Houss or FA)42.
JOHNm W    Noicss, that iig, )Ohn of ftho OCaks,ý it Go*
t064ena im, osed(86 Mr mgaI ptvctedksg, and nasu-a
ally eotipled s~Mh John 6ý Stiles, s.- e, John. at the
Stile; thest, names 1i.,ave long been &up# Siwd by
John- floe act~ Richard 14 lsoli haiarv 'lames,
Used. for the same~ puwpcee.;
Like him that wore the dialogue of olokes;j
T%& a ho?140 AMAa aMoos that John, a Nqkeq.,.~                CLXVALA   Is5 Wo818..
A41 Johns of StMes to JoanS lof oes.ý.




A- GLOSWARrAL A""D


JOUTBANCE (F. rejuieeance), rejoicing, merriment,
Coetiit.U, my dear, when shall it please thee sing,
As thou wert wont, songs of some jouisiance?
Swissa'sI SoqNNI'ts.
JOURN1E' (F. of L. diurnum), the work or enterprize of a day. By the modern word- journey- is
understood the space travelled, without reference
to the time occupied in the performance of it.
Thus was the lady's ending day,
And thus was she quit her jeurnie.
ROM. OF THE SuiVZi SAGES.
JOUST (F.), a mock fight between two persons on.horseback with lances; it was distinguished from
the tournament, the, latter being a combat in
wbich several persons were engaged at the, same
time.
Come see the yle aecI hem disport
Where should be jpo*%. and tournids.
CISAucER's Dazms.
Am I that Endymion who was wont in court to lead my lifej,
and In juaft, toursaeys, and arms t9 exercise my youth?
0. P. ENIDYMIONW.
LPOCRASt, a sort of drink, made of red. wipe, cjna
Mon1. ginger, pepper, and sug~r. The full receipt
for making it will befon      iarodaCroce
of Jun o-AacsChoncl
Come, letus drown all our anger In a "*l of Aipoca..
0.?P. LINGUA.
Sirrab, set down the candle ~a fetch us a usort of ipot'rasw
0. P. Gal sms's Tu Qvogux.
IRREFRAGABLE' (Lo- irrefragabilie), not to be confated. This term was.,applied to Alexander Hales,a groat teacheir of s4thool divinity, in 1236.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


In school divinity as able
As he that hight irrefragable.
HUDIBaAS.
ITERATE (L. itero), to repeat, utter again, to remind by frequent mention.
What needs this iteration?
OTrsLLe.
Adam took no thought,
Bating his fill; nor Eve to iterate
Her former trespass.
PAR. LosT.
JUDAS COLOUR, of a red colour.          It has been judiciously observed, that before persons were taught
to read, ideas were frequently borrowed from sensible objects, and the uniform delineation of Judas
in the ancient tapestry was with red hair; hence
that colo.ur was designated Jdas colour. The
same observation will apply to Abraham and Cain
colour.   See " Abraham Colour."
And let their beards be of Judas's own colour.
0. P. Tas SPANISH TRAGSDY.
Sure that Was Judas with the red beard.
0. P. THa CHASTS MAID OP CHBAPSIDB.
JUMP (L.junctus), to tally or join; also, fit or suitable, and formerly used as synonimous with just.
Thus twice before and jump at this dead hour.
HAMLXT.
Never did trusty squire with knight,
Or knight with squire, e'er jump more right.
HuDIBaAs.
JCNCATE or JUNKET (F.jonCeaie), a cheesecake or
custard, and a general term for any delicacy.
A goodly table of pure ivory,
All spread with juncates fit to entertain
The greatest prince.
SraNssa'S 0 SONts.
With stories told of many a feast,
How fairy Mab the junkets eat.
MILTon's L'AEIoGRo.




sft


It -OSSAMAEL 'A1Tfl


I1ýAM (F.. camn), crooked,. awry.
This is clean -kern.
CO0cIOLANUS..All goes topsy turvy; all kern kam.
GusmwAN VDALFARAC11E.
Awmcwn (from It. caicckio, a barrel), a solid lump o-r
ma~ss, probably of fat,, as -a fat man is in the north
called keeck belly.
Thaou whoreson -obscene; greasy talow-keech.'
1 PARK. H191M. IV.
IC(tEL (S. Celan), to Vool. A small wooden vessel
isý'still -called inf Kent a -keelUr, and its- use is to put
tcold water into a boiling pot.
7%"u hots toage for to leele'.
Gowzn's CON. Am.
Whfit WieW Jean cloth keel'the pot,
Lovz's LABOUR LOST.
KEEPE (S. cepan), to study., to care,, to take4 heed;
in these senses this word has been long obsolete.
I ksepe not to climbe so bye.
Oa4) MORALITY OF Ilvcxz SCORNZR.
Of love, fond boy, take thou no keepe.
DOWSABRL.
KzmB (8.vwtmban), to comb or separate the hair by
the instrument so called.
Kembe thyne hed right Jo~ly.
CAUCuXIVS RON. OF TJIR Rosz.
KEMELIN     (   ),a brewer's vessel or tab.
Anonl p gtt us fastt Ithit this jun-e
A kned~ing trough Or ehs a kemelge.
CHAUcERA's MXLLNA's TATA9.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


'301


KEN (S. cennan), to know, to descry, see, or view.
Colin, thou kenst the southerne shepheard's boy.
SPENSZR'S SHBP. CAL.
As far as I could ken thy chalky clifs.
2 PART K. HaN. vi.
KENDAL GREEN. The market town of Kendal, in
Westmorland, was famous for the making and
dyeing of a woollen cloth, called Kendal green,
so early as the reign of Richard II. at which time
certain laws were made regulating the manufacture of it.
Now doth he inly scorne his Kendal green.
HALL'S SAT.
KERCHIEF and KEVERCHEF           (F. couvre le chef),
now called handkerchief, but formerly constituting
the head dress of a woman, and generally signifying any loose cloth used in dress by either sex.
The keverchefs he toke in hand,
And about his arme he wounde.
ROM. oP RICH. COzUR DX LION.
A plain kerchief, Sir John; my brows become nothing else.
M. WIvus or WINDSOR.
KERN (Ir. cearn), an Irish foot soldier, also a general name for a boorish person. The word is synonimous with the Scottish cateran, a robber or
spoiler.
You rode like a kerne of Ireland.
K. HaN. v.
And with a mantell commonlie
The Irish karnes do goe.
DBRRICK'S IMAGB OF IRELAND.
KERNEL    (F. crenelle), thd corners or holes in a
battlement, made for the convenience of shooting
arrows.
DD




302


A GLOSSARJAL "JD


Claenet stood In a kernel
And segh that ftght..Ron. OF 0c~r Imp.
And in the kernels, here and there,
Of Crt     rafete plenty were.
Cn.AvCER's Rom. 0r THEz Ross,.
Kxtviz:(S. cerfan), to cut, now spelt carve.
-    that else was like to stemi',
Through criel knife that her deere hart did kenve.
SPzwSua's F. Qm=14.
KEOTRML (F. cerce'relie), a species of hawk of the
bastard kind.
What a cast of kestrels are these., to hawk after ladies thus.
R. JONBSON'S EPICMNI.
KETCH, JACK, the name of the common hangman
about 1680., who succeeded Dan~ in that office;
since which time it has become a general name
for a public executioner.
Till JregtA observing he was ehous'd,
And In his profits mauch sbus'd. BTII'  ioT
Kxa name given to the hemlock in the midland
countes.       -   Nothing teems
zut hatefal docks,. rough thhiesI keckule* burs.
K.   s..
Ke,., dried kex,, that in sinmer has been so liberal to fodder
other men's cattle.
0. P. MIsERIMs OF EsiroREc MAWRTAGE
IKICHEL (S.), a little cake, called a God's kichel,
in consequence of its being given by sponsors to
their god-children, wvhen the latter asked their
Olsig.Gve us a bashell whete, mate, or rice,,
A God's kichel,, or a trippe of obese.
0ACsiVca's SOssMPOVA's TALE.
KID (Teu. kit), to make known or discover.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*   0


303


Mercy,, and that you diacovs mant me;
For I am dedzle if that thia thing he kid.
CHAUCER'S MERCHANT'S TALE.
KIDNEY, a word of unknown etymology, used ludicrously to signify di'sposition, quality, humnour.
Think of that, a man of my kidney.
M4. WIVES OF WJln5OR.
KnIRK (S. cyrce), the ancient name for a church,.still retained in Scotland.
Nwhee never had abbay' ao. aceo
Yben,v ue kirke house) sic vileage.
CISAUCER'8 DEERAMZ.
KuRTL (9. cyrtel), a gown or short jacket worn by
women; the same term waas also applied to a part
of mal& attire.
QGsd he waoft ima1 @ad pope Py,
In kirtle of light waget..
Catvonl'a MNmza'e T~Aa.
A cap of dlowers and a kistles,.
Imbrodered all with leaves of myrtle.
MARLOW'S PoZiwS.
1{1THE (S. cytlae), acquaintan~ce, familiar know**ledge short of friendship.
Be that MA neitber~beea kilke am. his
Might have seen a full faire fight.
IL linen nA4 Guv or Gispenira.
I{NAP (Bel. knappen), to break short or bite, the
same as snap.
I would she were. as lying a gossip as ever knapped ginger.
Miacis. Or VENSCE,
KNAVE (S. enape). This word originally denotedl
a boy, page, orother servant, and had no rerer~ence
to. the- character or dispositioni of the person.
A kvm,orchild rigt faire witha.
GowxAa' Cori. Ass.




304


304      A GLOSSARIAL AND.


And eke his stede driven forth with staves,
With footmen both yeomen and iknaves..
ChIAUCER'S KNIGHT's TALR.
KNIFE PLAYING., a pastime or sleight practised by-,the ancient gleernen, minstrels, or jugglers, of
casting up knives or other sharp instruments and
catching them; it was sometimes united with
balls, which the performer threw up with the
knives and caught 'in regular succession,
KftpftejiM and eke sfighiig,
Cat1oin mand tunrayfings
Rtosi or K. A&IISAL1NI~it5
KN!GHT OF ýTHU POST, a hired witness, one ready
to swear to any thing for money; so called from
the whipping post, to the punishment of which
his crimes frequently brought him..
But fath and love and honour lost,
$hall be reduc'd to a knght o'th' post.
And. Why, how now;I two kmghte of the post,
Shad. Ay, master, and we are both-forsworn.
0. F. QLD FOaRVN,4Tueqk
]KNOCKING    ON DRESSER.       See "1Dresser."
KNOPPE (Teut. knwppe), any protuberance orbunch,
especially the budi of a flower..
Buit fretted full of tartarwagges,
And high shoe ktwpp'd with daggs.
%CHAUCER's Ror. OF THX ROSS.
KNOT    GRAISS, the herb polygontsm        aviculare, arx
infusion of which was supposed to h'ave the effect
of stopping the growth of any animal.
YOU Utialpius, of hi~dering ktwt game. made.
MIDS. NIGHT'S DIMAM.




ffrYm'tO reAL. DICOIARY.


305


LADNIC (Bel'. tabe4), a babbler or slanderer.
Quad tho Whs sely man: I amt no labbe.
CHfAUCER'S~ CAN'?. TLUzim,
LACED MUTTON, an old term for a prostitute.
Ay, sir, I* a IbsV mutton, gave *o~~:Vheit;a, aimtd  u.
Two Gnw'rs. OF V23RONA.
LAMBS WOOL, ale mixed with tm -pulp of rousted
apples,. so called from the soft taste and appearance of the- preparatiom.
A eup of lamb# wetl they dnake watb him thew.,
O.-B. THi Kwa Aw A.NDWHRLmIU"
01 MAmNuanBL.
Here's six pence for you; g t ale and -apples, stretch and pulft
thyseif up "th lmwmbsssoo
CoPrzy's DzVIL TO PAY.Lti  (.To% liu.me),, to atrike or beat.
Lamsmd you shsl be erewe lave you.
0. P. BIGGAR'd BUug..
It AW~ftdwffe IkeW dash joy wl
Quoth hej, I would. pv=mel *ad Iam her-well.
ff~ftcTEw Almumn.rn
LAMPA-SS (F.), a ftkeshy excressence, in the mouth of
a, horse.
His horse powssest with tho glimdesý tfub Mi ~the lampa., &c:
VAUI55- 0? THE SHIREW.
LANCEPICSAJic (.It. lancie spezz.ata), the lowest
grade of an officer in the army, the leador of haif
a- file, commouly called a cap'tain ov'er four;. it
USunly' spelt lowcepraeado..




306


A GLOSSARIAL AND.


Arm'd like a dapper lancepreiade. CZVCAD
LARD (F. larder), to fatten, also to mix with anything to improve it.
Now Falstaff sweats to death,
And larde the lean earth as he walks.
I PART K. HEN. tv.
The mirth whereofI's so larded with the matter.
U. WivXs OF WINVDiOR.
LARGESSE (F.), a gift, present, or bounty bestowed..
A largess universal like the sun.
K. HicN. v.
Ove an bsid Sgnio Eptista's liberality, I wil mend it
with a Wlares.
TAmINGv OF THEX SUREW.LAROUN (.laronine),i.a, thieL
Of theft I Wol me defend
Ageyn knight,, swayn,, and baroun,,
That I am no laroun.RO.OPK'LANDI.
LATHE, a barn or stable; a term still in use in
Lincoinshire.
Why ne haddest thou put the cape! (i. e. the horse) in the lathe?
CHAUCXR's HivE's TALE.
LATIN. This term in ancient times signified language in general, and not the peculiar tongue of
the Romans, and a latimer was an interpreter of
languages. See "1Leden."'
-Quoth Child Merlla,
ANl to loude thou spak thy latia.
AROMs. OF THS SEVEN 9AQX8.
Anes stood up her latimer,
Mid aiwawered Aleyn Trfenchemore.
Roms. 01r RicE. Ctua iDz Lzore.
LATTEN (0. F. lieton), a metal composed of copper
and lapis calaminari., now called brass.
Phvebus war old and hewed like late,..
CRAUGSA's PRANKIJN'5 TAM-.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.                 307
Congealing English tin, Grecian gold, and Roman latten all
of a lump.
oO.P. LINoGUA.
LATTICE (RED). This was formerly the insignia of
an ale-house, from whence the present sign called
the chequers is derived. It was supposed that it
imported that the game of draughts might be
played within; but it has been proved from the
ruins of Pompeii that the chequers was a common
sign among the Romans.,
You rogue will ensconce your rags, your red lattice phrases
and bold breaking oaths under the shelter of your honour.
M. Wivus or WINDSOR.
I am not as well known by my wit as an ale house by a red lattice.
0. P. ANT. AND MKLLIDA.
The sign of the green lettuce, still in existence, is
only an ignorant alteration of the original.
LAUNCE (L. lanx), a balance.
That Fortune all in equal launce doth away,
And mortal miseries doth make her play.
SrXswax's F. QVumn.
LAUND (F. lande), an extended plain, bounded by
a wood on either side; the modern word lawn is
derived from it.
For through this laund anon the deer will come.
2 PART K. HNa. Vr.
LAVER (F.), to wash. It was anciently the custom
for guests to wash before sitting down to meals,
and it seems that the signal for this ablution was
given by sounding a trumpet.
The styward, so says the geete,
Anon did the kinges heate;,
At noon " a laver" the waytes blewe.
ROM. or Rica. Coua DM uroN.




308


808A GLOS8ARIALý &WP


LAVOLTA (F. Iatvrite), a sprightly dance, in whi'cli
much capering is used.;..,came* $in&
Mow heel the hlrh lavtoi.
Titer. ANM CaweNS.
Vauxt uceeds daft*.
0O T. LINGUA.
LAW ]MY. A cour t leet or view of &rauk pledgewas so called, being-the. sheriff's Wnrire or county'
court.
Keep leets and law day8e, and in sessions sit.
LAY (0. PeiC*),, a speclies of~ narrative poetry or*
mufiCAl cemlpwid of the ax.zisu Mnwntr.Ia, andt
sung by them, ditingui-shed from- the, fa~liauxi.
whieh were, recited. The Bretons wefe eelebrated~
for these eom positions,' and most of them in* the
English language are translation's frolm the Armo...
Thom a&~ gemI Betons i&ýhkr dayf,
Of divers av~entures amades &Ye*,
I.I:  CitrAticia's P Avtxm's TAL*.Isteam- busten tI my 140
7%'ius the merry notbs did ehlme..
LAYr oh UM L'mw BNxi.
LICA5NG    (S   w~~.,lying, faichoed, deceit.
Certan, withouten- leave;
Vll0dsSft@ MR~*  willM ft amwisi
To pet in a charter of peace.
0. M~ A~Miu DELL, &C.
may )SwCUPY e=due thee with keaeing~orthon upeak'st well
of.0W
TwxszvRn NIGHT'.
LEcHouR      (0. F. Iechmzuj,.a person       addicted   to
lechery or lewdnesu; igmotitn applied to a para-d
site Q  a.ked




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


010


Fr upon thee, leclzourej
Though shall die as a treitour.
Rom. oir K. ALISAUNDRIE.
You, like a lecher, out of whorish loins
Are pleas'd to breed out your Ilihetitoes.
Taoi., A,14D CaZISSLECTORN (0. F. lectriin), a reading desk.
Hail to the god and goddess of our lay,,
And to the lecto rn amorljy he sprong.
CeAUCRaL's CoVAT OF LO0VE.
LUt)EN (S. lyden). This word niot only meant the
Latin language, but language in geiierali even
that attributed to IUirds and begastis
w~-m The quelat via##
"T rhvg *Whh she UacA&WiW welon  l th1 WIn
That any Sbule may In hoif" lduay"#.
CHAuoma's9 Equine's TA162t
Her Jeddi Was lilts human langag ten.
L su (S. foev),' an old word        used to    s~ignify a
physician or person understandingr the use and spea
plication of medicine and surgery; the art was
cllieffy confined to ecclesiastics and the higher
order of- females,     The word is still retained as a
medical'term in cow leech,
Fetche me down my daughter deere,
Sbe is a leircA ull fyne,
0-.3. S1n *VWuNz..
Her words prevatlld, and then the leaned keeck
1io cunning hand 'gan to his wounds to lay.
SP3Nssa's F. QITEEN.
LEER (S. Ideare), complexion or hue of the face.
The lady is rody in the chere,
And made bright in the lere.
Rost. or K. ALxshUvuasa..
Hie bath a Rosalind of&a bette leer than you.
As You Litz IT,.
LEue5 (S. looean), the old word to lose.




310


310     Aý QLOMARIAL ANDP


'Father, we corns tw* for &*viee in war,
But to know frhet~hei vw shnai via or leese.
0. P. OzozozO A Gasure.
LEE? (S. lent), a law term to si'gnify a law day; a
court held once a year, where persons who owe
personal suit go to be sworn to their fealty and
allegiance; it is now chkiely used, aa a. court, by
incient custom', to elect and. swear in constables
and other parish offleers.
Who has a breast so pure
But some anAel~y t&gpohasmlm
Keep  W U A AW"YAOTHELL.O.
LEGERITY      (F. kUe'Wh).      lightn.., nimbleness ot
motion.
Iek" qp their drowsy grav% aM newly move.
With csted slough and fresh lqerU~y
LXMIAX (H. Vaimmard)., a sweethemit, Iover, or gallbnt, whether male -or fem           al, ao      uio
As bright of blee as is the silver nroop.
Oh P1 S* A ORSaI#,
As Jealous as Ford,, that. sewrhed a bp~kamslebut~a blg
wife's lemaus.
JIL Wwue oir Wsrmsox.
LxMit (S. hemaii), a ray of light, a flame or blaze;
lemed, shone bWight.
fige with red lemee.
CMwitvsUR's NOanus Tauruus TeAL.
His loxwelne lemeian with pride;
Oteed aod 09mreu &Was blake.
1MOaTS D*ARTEVR..
ILEWDEs (S. letidewti), the loins.
* berme cloth, as white as morow milke,
IUPo ter leadet,, full qfrnsny a sore.
C~u~wlikll MILLEWs TAUtz




TY MOLOGICAL IDICTIONARY.  1


311


LNTxN (& lent), of or belonging to the feast of
Lent; meagre, sparing.
No bar, sir; unless a hare, sir,, in a leaden pye.
ROM- AND JUL.
And with a leknfeasia eool'd her Woo~d.
DaYDnNI's HIND AND PANTHER.
L'ENVOY (F.), a terra borrowed from old French
poetry, and signifying a few detached verses at the
end of eachpic, serving to convey the moral, or
to address the poem to a particular person.
No riddle.,h PO1envoy.
Lovies LAaouat Lost.
That's the nioaraty or Peavop of it.
0. P. PARASITABTSR.
LERE (S. krre), a lesson, doctrine, or information.
7%o ha thait'had well ycou'd his icre.
SeV2saa9s, 9199P. CAL.
-But he lewrnd his leer of miy son, his youngumaster.
0.. P. MOTHERI BOUDRa.
LESSIELL or LKSVERMaLL,, a word of doubtful ety-.
mology and of uncertain meaning.. It is said by
Bailey and others to be a bush or hovel; but a
mach older authority, the Promptorium Parvulov'um, a dictionary compiled in 1440, defines it,
thoegh obsuemly, itl'etecel, beforn a wiadowe or
other place;"' from whence it should seem to imply a projectig *ill of a window,* suffciently large
to protect from the weather,. many of which are
still to be seen in very. old hoUases The quotation
seems to justify the sssppeeition.
The clerkas hoew that as he stode ybousAe
Behind the mlll tinder a iwsell.
CNATMCIVR LNlVa'sS TALE.




S12


A GLOSSARIAL AND


LET (S. lettan), to prevent, oppose, or hinder; as a
law term, it is still in use.
And in she goth withouten longer lette.
CHAUCER'S CANT. TALsS.
Be me feth, sayd the doughte Doglas agayn,
I wyll let that hontyng yf that I may.
O. B. CHEVY CHACE.
LETHAL (L. lethalis), mortal, deadly.
Arm'd with no lethal sword or deadly launce.
PALACE OF PLEAS-URE.
Water witches, crown'd with reeds,
Bear me to your lethale tide.
CHATTERTON.
LEVER (S. leofre), rather.
For lever had I die than see his deadly face.
SPINSsX'S F. QUEEN.
Fair Christabelle, from thee to parte,
Far lever had I dye.
0. B. SIR CAULINE,
LEVET (F. lever), the blast of a trumpet or horn.
---- A flageolet,
On which he blew as strong a levet,
As wel fee'd lawyer with his brevlate.
"HUDIBRAS.
LEVIN    (S. hlifia), lightning.
As piercing levin, which the inner part
Of every thing consumes.
SPENs5R's F, QEzR.
With wild thonder, dint and fiery leven.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO W. or BATH.
LEWD     (S. lewede).    This word has totally changed
its meaning; it was of old used to designate the
common people, as distinguished from the clergy;
a lewd man, was a layman; and, as learning was
solely confined to ecclesiastics, it became a term
to denote an ignorant or unlearned person: its
modern sense of a vicious and debauched character,
is not to be found in the early writers.




'ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARYV.


813


Ye blessed be aiwales the leWd muwg
That nought but only his belief Ca6.
(i.e. can only say the articles of his creed.)
CUAvcsa's8 MILLUR'a TAIN.
For levpd mnen this boke I wrot.
BP. GROITBISAI.
LEwTA      (F.?eaute), loyalty, faith, fidelity.
Now, so God me helpe,, sayd Lyte Johan,
And be my trewe lewta.
A LYTUL, GZus OP R. HoUS.Love and lownes,, and leautg together,
Shall be snaisters on molde.
P. PLOWMANe'S Vis.
LIARD (F. hiard), of a grey colour, approaching to
white; it is -called itart in Scotland.
Attour his belt his hard lockes lay.
CACnRucA's 736T. OP CAMSs.
His ~,jart haffets., wearing thin and bare.
BURNS' COWTER'$ 0ATUIAVA NzGuNi.
LiBBAP.D (G. libaert), a leopard.
Or when the flying libbard she dld'ehac~e,
Seu.%s9wis F. QuNczm.
She can only bring
Some libbarde' heads, or strange beasts.
0. V* Tax C#Tv. M.Tca.
LTOR (S. lie), like or alike.
For both to be and seem to him was Uaorli&h.
lsajs&szx's F. Qusxz-.
LMcH   WAKCE(from      lich, a coipse, and wake, a watch.ing), the ceremony of Watching, a dead body;, a~
custom which had its origin, in superstition, arising
from an imaginary fear 'that the, body would be
carried   away. by an invisible being         without this
precaution: it is now degenerated into's meeting,
at which feasting -and revelry predominate. It is.sometimes called a late wake.
EE




31L4


A GLOSSARLAL AND


How Ateith Is brent to weabn colsi
No how the lick# wake *as yhold
All t~ko sght. CHAUCER'S KzesonT'a TALE.
LIRGER (S. legian), any person or thing fixed permainently,* as a resident ambassador at a foreign
court is called a "lieg'er ambassador."
1.ord Angelo. having atflrs to he~aven,,
Intends you for his swift arabassador,
Where you *hall be an everlasting lieger.
MEAS. FOR MZAS..
_I.s not this present parliament
A lieger to the devil sei~t.
HUD55I5LA.
LIG   (S. ligan), to lie down, to re0cline, to rest.
Ne what hawkes, altten on perches above,
Ne whit hounds liggen on the doore adoun.
I.               CHAUCER'S KNIGHT's TALE.
LIMBO. (L. limbua), an imaginary region on the
borders of hell, in which departed spirits neithe~r
feel pleasure or pain.
Talk'd of.Satan, and of limbo, and of tories.
ALaL's WELL THAT ENvDS WELL.
LIxvrouw L,(from    l'*imit, an itinerant friar, licensed to
beg within certain limits.
A frere there was, a wanton and a mMr;
A ltmsitmr, a full aoleznpne man.
C19AUCAR'S PaLO. TO CANT. TALES.
LIMME"R' (F. itmier), a blood hound used to track
deer.
W* Wit lunteg, 4tmeria, and racechs free.
Sis FERUMERAS.
artmters aud of forefter,,
4.sd many relalies and timers.
CHAuCER's DintIHE.
Liii (S ablinnan), to cene,;yield, or relinquish.
*Redseivi min =d al1 sudlenlY ft win,
Or soon to loge beore he conce would lis.
I5*NSERS' F.Qss,




ETYMOLOGICAL PICTIONARY6


315


Nayl theal, my taul lsl never 11i.
0. P. GRIM, THE COLLIER OF CROYDOV.
LINCOLN GREEN,, a fine cloth, made at Lincoln, excellent both in colour aLnd texture.
WW=n they were clothed in Lincolne green,
And cast away their gray.
A LYTEL GEgSTE Or R. ilODX.
LINGEL (L. lingrula), the thread used by shoemakers.
His aul and liugel in a thong,
His tar-boxe on his broad belt hong.
DRAYTON'S Susp. GAR.
LITHE and LITHE&R (S. lithe), limber, ftexible,
yielding; also (S. lythr), idle, bad, wicked.
To the corpse of 8t. Leonardo,
TQ maken U*Ae what erst was hard..
OnAuc~lt'S HoUI. owP FAMS.
My ladd he is so tiher, he sayd,
He wlU 4~o nought thvAt's w~ete0. S. KING ZSTMWIX.
Los's P0PND, a cant term for a prison; in Hudibras,
the stocks are so called.
Crowdero," whom In irons bound,
Thou basely threw'st Into Lob's pound.
HunInlBAN.
LOCKRA1MI(Ten. lockraum), a sort oftcoarse linen or
cloth.
The kitchen Malkin pins
Her richest lockrein round her reechy neck.
CORaUIoS,&us
LODAM, the name of a game at cards.
She and I will tmke you at Lao.ss
0. P. A WOMAm KILLED WITH KINDW3US.
LoDKMANAGE        (S. ltdack   and manag), the hire of
&:,pilot to coinduct a ship,, Chaucer-uses it to sig..
riify skill in seamanship.
His herborongi,v hW is w annd. ss ki -denma~aeq
There vas nose svch*rsn 11411 to W~tage.
C1&Vu~OXPL' Sfss'a&AN's TALE.




~a).6


A I6LOSSARIAL AND


LODE: STARt (S. keedan sterre), the leading star; the
inorth star;. the guide to mariners.
Who seeth you now, my right lode sierre?
C1EAUcaa's Tamx. AND CRESS.
Like as a ship, wrhose lade star suddenly
Cover'd with clouds, her pilot hath dismay'd.
SumNasa'~s F. Quuarev.
LoG GATS, a rustic gatbe, enumerated by 33 Hen.VII1I.
as unlawful, not unlike the modern gaiiie of nine
pins.
Did these bones cost no more the hreedlig, than to piaF7 at
loffats with them?
IIAMLBT.
Loow    (S. lean'),' a country fellow, a mean person.
Thou cream fkac' boil,
VWhere got'at thou that poose look!I MCIS
LORDING     (from lord), a diminutive of lord, a term
of address equivalenat to sirs or my masters; s~wetimes it is used in contempt.
And said to us thus, now lodi~ngs., truly
Ye be to me welcome.
CHAtCcuR'S Fao. TO PARDOxxER'S TALE.s
Lordluge fareweg; and say wiren I am gMale
L ipfopecied 1rance will he lost ere long.
2 PART It. Rsu- TI..LORE    (S. heCran), lesson,, doctrine, instruction.
The queen's maidens ache had to bare.
Rome- Or OCT. Imp..
The Ia* of nations, or the lore of war.
FAIRFAX.;LOREINE     (from, F- orinier), the- metal mountlings
used, in the. caparison of 'a horse-; h ence      foriner,
the old name for a saddlere or. brile.n maker.
111i bereb lemed all with pride;
ftdel" "drraure all was bike.
MORTU D'AATiLUS.




STYVOCOGEGAL DICTIONARY,


3117


LoREL (S. ieoraen), a rascal, a seaundrel.
SjVker ftou speakest like a lewd lorel.
Si'swasa'S )ASTORALS9
LORN (S. kveran), lost, feraken.
Step on thy feete,, man, come forth al isttosies.;
Alas!I our warden has his paifrey lorne.
CEAucaft's Rays's TALI.
Who after that he had fair Uina lorne,
Through light miadeeming of her loyalty.
SPERNSA'ls F. QuPan~
LoanL (S. lorian), a sorry idle fellow, a worthless
person.
Well,, and ye shift no batter,, ye lose, jither, and Waye.
0. P. GAA1. GuRTore's NXEDLN.
AnA fref, thou art worthy to be hanged.
WINTEit's TALE.
LOSENGER (S. leaaiarge), a flatterer,, liar, or de.%
ceiver.
UpoU It day It wassal4e
To Candidus by a Waenger.
Ron. or 9. ALISAUND)RE.
Alas! ye lords, many a falsefSatour
Is In your cpart and many a false lesisgeur.
CCOAVCNR98 NoNMBes PaIAsT19s TALI.
LOTE13Y, of no certain derivation, unless it be by a
corruption from botcltiee, a name giveiu to the con-.
cubines of priests; it is used in the sense of a companion or' bed-fellow.
And with me followeth my'lotebyl
To done me solace and company.
lCuAiucris's Rom. or TaxE Rossr.
LOUT (S. hlutaR), to bow, bend, or do obeisance,
and hen'ce a clown or rustic wa's so called.
For the worlde nud.prydo hath prapneed mie;
To me men 1ouae Ma itiwe.
201M INT. Tux WORLDS ANI TmS COImurs.
Sir, quoth the ctwiarfej a!Id louted lowe.
0. B. Slia cAlLttJE.
EE 3




.38


",818- A'GVOSARIA L - ANjD


LouvER (F. l'ouverte), the opening at thb top of a
cottage to let out the smoke antecedent to the use
of chimnies; it was generally made in the centre
of the roof.
ThMrough all the inner part wherein they dwelt,
No lighted was with window nor with louver.
PEINS5R's F. QUEEvN.
LoVE    DAYs, certain days formerly      appointed   to
settle, by amicable arbitration, the difflrences between parties.
Mo love dties and mo accords.
CHAIICR'S B. OF FAME.
I can hold love dayo and heare a rete's rekepynge.
P. PLOWMAN's VIS.
LOVEL.    This was a common name for a dog, of
whatever species, long anterior to 1500.To LoverP name t added more,-our dog,
Because most dogs have borne that name of yore.
MIRR. FORo MAo.
LOVE LOCKS. The wearing of love locks, a fashion
derived from the French, was greatly in vogue in
the time of Charles I.; it consisted of-a lock of
hair, cirled and worn on the left side of the cheek,
much longer than the rest ot the hair.          This
fashion appears.to be revived by the ladies of the
present day.
Will yonbe Frenchied vnwit a love lock down your shoulders?
QtnP roR AN UrsTART COUsTIEA.
Your love locks wreathed with a silken twist.
0. P. MZVAS.
LOWBELL '(from.  wow, a dame, and bell), a device
to catch birds by night, by ringing a bell to awaken
them, and alluring them by a light into a net.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


319.


As timorous larks asnased are.o
With light snd with a lobuch.
GRnuas's ST. Gxo. rOp.EGLN
Lowz (S. Ideaw), a small hill or mound of earth.
They drowe hcon quick under a lowe.
Rom. or K. ALI5AUNDEIE.
That beheard the Shereffe of N~ottinghamn,
As he lesued wiser a howe.
R.. HOOD AND GUT or GiSBoaN:.
LuNEs (from      L. una)., a crazy freak, a jealous whim;
a Fren ch* expr~ession signifying any folly or frenzy,
"Les femmes ont des tunes dans la t~te."`_
Why, woman, your husband is in hie old hunes again.
M. WIVuCs OF WINDSOR.
Th~ese dangerous unsafe hastes o'the king.
WINTICR'S TALE.
LuRIA, (0. F. lourdin), a stupid, clownish, 'lazy,
or worthless person.
Hadst thou been hend,, quod 1, thou wold have asked leaver
Ye4,ý leave burden.
P. PLOWMAN'S V18s,
Lo! here we have the kinges seale;
What, lurden, art thou wode?
0.3B. ADAM BALL# &C.
Lusn (F. luxe), extiberat, of grewth,. luxuriant.
How lush and lusty the gras looks;,. how giee I
LUISHIBURGHi, a base coin, manufactured in a foreign
country, to imitate English money. It was made
treason by'stat. Edw. Iltoiport it.
OGode- wot I no hushburghet pale ye?
CHAVCza's P. TO MOjqxs tMRpI.
LUSK       ~~ F.h.e), a lazy, slothful, idle  esp
Up, you husk; have Such nwew to tell. you.Lym.     See.   Liv~mer."
Hound or spaniel, brache or 4is..U.




320


320     A CLWSSARIAL AND


me.
1W. To have an 1W. under your girdle is an expression, in old authors, signifying that the party of
whom it was spoken had not shewn a proper res'Pect,0 by 'addressin~g a. person without his proper
title,, M. being' short for master.
Hark ye,, honesty; methinks you might do well to have an M.
un~der yaw g"Ire.
0. P. ENGLISHMIN FOR MY MONZY.
You might cary an M. unsder,osr girdle.
0. P. EASTWARD Ho:.
MAGOTPrs1, a compound of the two French words
magot and pie, a magpie.
Av~Aaw ea uaaad  relatless have,
By magotpese and chouglis, and rooks, broumght for&h
The fteeM'at man of blood.
MACBRYN.
MAHOUNDl a 414'      formerly givexi in contempt to,.,ab, iet5 RuWooasionally to any savage iwd ferociouschadacer represented in the religious mysteries.*
And oltentine by 1'erýýaagit and Mer~kuad swore.
Swrxs~als F. Qvruere.
MIAID 'MARIAN, a name formerly gi ven to one of the
attendants Q(.& a  o'r ria. dance, or the lady of the
May- gmes, Whi-tsun ales, &c. from being a person ~f deentmannrs;it became a licentiou
c~hvru"ei, atn:d`was personaited by a man, dressed
in woman's clothes, wholusnally 'col-lected the
mquey from -the'-spectators.




ETYMOLOGICAL DW1'IONARY,                    321
And. for womaanhood, 4faidd Marian may- be thedeputy', wife
of the ward to thee.
I P.ART K. lg*W. IT.
MAINTAINOII, a term. in, law,. implying, 'one who
seconds. or maintains the suit or cause of another,
whether by money or other help; it is an offence
punishable at common law.,
Thty give hir abnes to the-riche,,
To rnainteymows,. and to men of law.
CHAtresa's NOftwumA's TALI,
M&KK (S. maCa), a mate, companion, or consort.
My mader anid my sister ytAkov
Anid Floriarit my gentil make.
Rom. 01 K. AtisAummoax.
Yet novea turtle truer to his mike.
MAKE SATE., a p'romoter of quarrels.
Inever waa make' bale or a kuare.
0. P. A Womwe Kssauu wrrx Km:Du;vss.
MALE (F.), a p~ortmanteau, package, or trunk.
And truseth a mnale him behind.
Roms. or K. AIskiINiDRx.
No was there such another perdonere,
For in his mate he had a pillow here.
i    CNAucSLa'S P. TO PAjuweNit's TA.Lu.
MALENQIN& ý(F. malengin)., a deceitful contrivance.
But the chaste damse that had novar priefe
ofiasch malelgine and fine ftrgerye.
gwviiav.'o F. QvISsv.
MALIGNANT, a name of reproach given by the Puritans of the time of Charles I. to the' suppidtt~ts of
th6 king atid hierachy.
How wil disenting bre*"hrelirslh it I
What wil malignant. say videlicit.
NALISON    (0. F.),. a curse, an imprecation.
ciog's mnallon, ebave Cock anid J# byd twenty times light on't.
0. P. (3. GVRTON'$ NiuMu.




22


32~. A, fRUPWAfIAL AND~


MALKCINO 4 mop made of rags, used for cleaning out
ovens, and heince a slut or dirty drab is so called.
It is the English translation of the French escud-.
lions, and not a dimninutive' of Mart,, as supposed
by Johnson and others.
The kitchen,nelkift pine
Her richest lovkram round her reechy neck.
CORIOLANtIS.
MALL (L. m alleu), a heavy hammer or wooden
club, flattened at tbcq end.
Then eeyM mam had a mnall$
such@ as they beteft clothes withal.
HtJNrYNt 0r frus HARD.'
Wltlh mighty mail'
The fasonter mercllesis him made to fal.
IPT~W          P. QsmI
MALTALENT (00. F.), ill will.
Though be bayethy bild 1.shent,
Thou shat f~rslve &Ui ma~glW.t
Rom. or Riac. Caua DI Lio,.
MALUtRl (F. majkAeur)., misfortun~e or mischance,
-L Wofel V16M$kt, Oef fof neup
As wbie tbau dad, sad M'e dur*.
CEAucxiR's Ditxxs.
I(AminME, to hesitate, mutter., or mur~mur,
What you uliudas 'W e= fthat simwut*art
Or stand so mammerng on.
40.xlo
M"   *T or MA4WWXT, jn kipi0, a (Wrrption          of
Mahomet,, but more frequently used to -sigzkify P,
puppet OF doll, from tho L. mamma.
A tpaple lief(udim fayre enOwl, and a mawvme amidde.
Ro62. oF GipucssaVzas Cvaows
#P"-PWThis is no world
TO 10laY with mammta and to tilt with RUPs.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTI'4NARYo'    3g


3ý3


I have aem 2Th. Cit of New NMsewe andrJufue Coage, aete
by mammela.          0.P   ret    i   M xUtHVq%
MAMMOCIC (Span. maehat)-, a fragmenat, shred, or
shapeless piece; as a verb, to tear or break in
pee.  0,.I warrant how he inammock'S I It.
CoaROLANca.7
The ice was broken Into large. mammocka.
JAMECS'S VOYAGEC.
MANOHET. See "1Cheat.'"
MANCIPLI (L. mancep8), a steward or purveyor of
victuals of any community, particularly of a college or inn of court.
A gentil maraciple was ther of the temple,
of which achatours mighten take ensemple.
CHAUCER'S NRO. TO CANTr. TALES.
MANDRAGOPRA (L.), the plant mandrake., a, powerfuil soporific.
Not poppy nor mandragori,
Nor all the drowsy syrups of the east.
OTEUfLLO.
I have stop't mine ears with, shoemakers' wax, and drank
Letse and m~ndrega re to forget you.
0. P. EASTWARD MOIR.
MANGirONEL     (0. P. mangoneau), a warlike engine,
made to batter walls, by projecting large stones.
Without stroke it mote be take,
Of trepeget oT mangmel.
CHAVcXR's RO6Z. OF TIM ROSE.
MANICON (L.), a species of the plant nightshade,
supposed to affect persons who eat, it with madness.
Bewitch hermetic mea to run
Stark staring mad withk macicon.
HUrnaSRAsJ.
MANNER (F. mnanes~r), an old law term, more properly spelt mainor. When a thief was appre



3"


-1,4     A GLOSSARIAL AND


heeded with, the -stolen goods in his possession, he
was, said to be, taken. 'With the mainor'.
0. y~bin, tbp' stalest & cup. sfeexk ~hefgna yeas ago,1 aII
Wert, taken uitb the mannr..
31 PART K. HUN. 1**.
MARAsmu8 (Gr.5),, the consumption of the flesh which
sometimes,follows a fever.
Marasmua and widA wamfing pestilence.
PARt. LOST..MARCHES (S. mearc), the borders of a country;
thes were in England under the. guard of a special
officer, tcalled Lord President of rthe Marches.
They of the marches, gracious sovereign.,
Shall be a-wall sufficient to defend
OurIsland.                    K. Hex. V.
MAIICUPANE (F. maseepane), a sort 'of confection or.sweetmeat, wade of aim onds, sugarand. other
ingredients.
Good thou, save me-a piece of marchpane.
Roms. AND JUL.
MARESOWHAL (F.). This title in its primitive sense
denoted an officer who had the' care or controul of
-horses, from the Gaulish word march, which signified a horse, and scale, a sort'- of serv'a'nt; it is
now   a name give.n to various officers, both in civil
and military employments.
And water him, that thou ne tulle;
Then will we. see among us shle
That thou hast be in Arthur's halle
Hit* pryA,iaresehialle.
IRom. oi1 Ocr. Imp.
MARGARITE (L. m~zrgatita), a pearl*.'.
Fori long to view
And gather mzargar~es in my braze Cap.
6.P. VdrmxusTisess.




ETYMCWOGICAL4 I CT10WARYe  2


329


h w w ia 'p~oiinciaIl term,:aignityifr* a -.friend,
Powr h4baads that had no marrpaw,
Their wrives broughten them wheel barrows.
H(14TYNO OrVNIRE HAVk.
MATH (F. mater), to astonish,. confehad,, or subdue.
My mind she has mated, and ainaz'd my% eight.
MACSNIt.
MAUNDER, a beggar, derived, 'sa'ys Spelman,'from
maund, a basket, in Which alms were anc'i'ently
given to-the poor; hence the term Maunc4#Thursa
day, the day- oh -which the king giveg &lms to ihe
poor. The verb, to matsnder,, is to grumible, or
mutter.
My noble Springlove, the great commander of the maundere.
0. P., Tax JOVIAjL Ct*1.
MAUTHER (Goth. mawi), a foolish yo'ung;girL'
Away, you talk: like a foolish tmwtAer.
B. JOWBON's ALCEYMIS?.
MIAY18 (F. mnautvi.), the: bird called the throstle. ýr
thrush.
Bo doth the 0Wo0poowheuthe masis sings.ý
SPICNSXR'S SowqXwra.
M'AWE, an old ga~me at cards.,
"Tere's W sound card at mawe.
0. P'.ENGLZSU"N~ Fon. mir MOxxv.
Methought Lucretla ml4 I were at mawe, a game, iuncle, that
you can well skill of.,
0O0 P.- MAT DAY;
MAY (.mweg), a mai'd or virgin.
The crounMl of Iftenry, owd of Milde, that V4j.
Ps LAIGTOFT'B CuaLow.
Thou glory of woamaibode, thou fakre May.
CHAUCER'S MAN OF LAw31s TALS.
UAYand MAYING. It; was formerly a eustrn -of odir
anceestors, 0t May diyt to rise early in the morning,
F F




326


$26   & ~6GDSSAMAL AND

a"d go isto, the open. fields toý enjoy -the -return of
spring, and gather flowers, King -Henry. V11I.
his queen, aM coudrt p artook -of this pastime, which
~was called-, "going a maying." The white hawthobt,'9 whc   is called, M jIs 'still gatheired 6n'
the lst'6(Athatftidnthi, but the anilisement is now,. cnfiUd     the. lower classes.!0Zhim"Ile to scte~rthems~ tq make thoau sleep
la 4biwouth,, MAy g~woos r interludes ofacoi
cast were usually exbhited&
More matter for a May mornin4g.
TWELFTHl NIGHT.
MAZAR, (Belg. Waeser), a wooden bowl or cup made
of theimapletihe.
A, mighty mawse bowl of *ine was aette.
SPEANSER'S P. QUZEE.V.MR~ioooK  (C~ Mei cq), WatMorot"' or dem'~inate
man.
A wftsock wretch can niake the cwM* et tew.
TAMING OF THE SHREW.
A woman'Is well hewp'i!with i~ i 'eebk
- I.1      0. P. THx HONEST WHORE.
MEALED' (F. M'ea1tr), mikd cmoudd
d  opoudd
Were he meeled
WItbWuM which he corrects, then were he tyrannous.
MM-             P6 I ~
MEARE,(Gr.), &,bouan4arv or limitkv
The "tjs Brute did first that city found,
And H7tat6 =sodW thmwr. thereWi *by west..!'. I'. i%.SPRrsER'LS F. QUEENZ.
WIC'BIA~ia slow sad solImni danee; usunally danwkd
At 1 -owk in the.. thime of, Queeh. Elizabeth, 7 nd




ETYMOLOGICAL, DICTIONARY.  2


327


generally by person& of. rftrk in, the costume of
their. offices.,SaY Oaytht the! hav. seasnr'd noy a mie
To tread a measure with you.
Lovae'sL~xotua LOOT.
MECHALL (L. mnckca).         This word- is derived from
the Latin, abd not from mzich, as suggested by
Nares, and signifies adultery.
Her own tongue
Ilath publish'd her a mechall1 prostitute.
0. P. A CIIA.LLENGS V41L Bwrr~r.
Pollute the nuptial bed with mickall hinne.
Hz~wooiRs Ego. TRAY.'
MEDDLE (F. mesoler),, to mi'X or mingle.
A thousand sirhso hotter than the Clede,'
Out of his brest eackofter other went.,
Medled with Plaint new, his wo to fede..
MEG    OF WWX8TMIN$TER, -a Vntqgiovii         iago,, who
lived in the r~eign of.,Queen Elizabeth, of the same
stamp as Molt Cutpurse; she obtailned such cele..
brity, as to become the suwb~ect of at coebtdy, "called
Long Meg, xndý her- exploits are detailed          in a
pampbleto ý. pubiished! in 1835;i and rfeprin'ted in.181,66  A cannon -.in Dover Ctt1Ist ii-tiH cavlled by
her name.
ralthe I MaV~wkgreat WMz4 to) age, Lo"g Meg =W Te Ship at
the Fortune...         waLns
Was it yovr M4q qf Wdagmisater qourge O~at xosu~ed,  I
ci1. Tuic ROAIRING GIst.
Mawv       F   m     e, te     eineo       domettit'Ser-.
vants of a family.
Ibesthbe Ptrs* autmEf DambMowe cam*,,
With hyrn a MYShftS UMees..LcsvCca




428


25.1; '*tL6SAI1hLA


QstWose Contents
They summon'd up their meift.  K  IR
Dryden~was the -last poet -that used the ter m, and
it~is incorrectly, spelt manty in his works.
The inoW rend the skies with loud applause.
Mimi; (F. nte le'r), to meddle.         '
Such is the lucke which some men get when they begin to mcli.
0. P. G. GuRT.o?'s NINDLI.
Tydings of wsfte, and worldly trouble tell,
*   With holy faher ifis not with such things to mcli.
MWERMAID' TA-VEitRN;. This, house was. situated in
Corahill., 'and was the frequent resort of the dramatic authors -and the' wits and, choice spirits. of. the age;.8hakspeare, B..Jonson, Beaumont anjd
k'letcher were amO'ong its tonstavt ~~igitors.
echceat thi MrsI
xinxtq iqev4, is x xub sihtr~etwher. roystrs do -an~e,
2Xhe Menmaid, in Comablfl. &c.
NWIWS nYONf JARTBOLOUIW FAix.
M1ERRY, a word, of doubtful:etymnology, blat in its
primitive sense. denotin~g faithfu stout., or cou~
rageous, and not cheerful or pleasant, according
to  its subsequent and pmesent menn;it was
often.used. as:a.,military phrase, addressed to an
armed force~ on the eve of 'or 'pending a battle.
kh rlipr.,chaIc~so -iid ýOjd:Motrical ballad&s
spell it miri' and mery.
Fyghts ye myvurr meost whyllys ye any,
For my l11f day, Was pa.
0. B. CuRxvy CR40,




And he 'ffoa  themft dbt* 1bde,
And allbsMe *&V t".n
A LrrNL Gjcsm OF U. HIDoo.
MZR'VAJI]E    (F.>   awonder or.      0(   i
Full of leaves, to see a-grete mervaile.
CwurecxR's L'A" SLLx DAMS, &C.
MEEXARD' (from L. met~o'r, and.-,atrd), a wand to
measure with, 4-yr          eane.
Taethou the bill, give me thy necteyai'd.
ftustiQ` 0* rmxon tew~
MZToNOM1- (Gr.),,,a figure -of rhetortc, by which
one word or thing is put for another, as cause -for
efc,  QuQth he, whatever others deem ye,
I understand your metonyimy
Your words of second hand iuvention,
Wheut things by wrongful.name's you-mention.
HenIDaRAS.
MUTTUt (R.), dreamed.,
Al nyght me rnett that.1 was at a f~est,,
CIIVZ.R'Sc. MnIzLzxis TALE.
Me meftr that I romed upa.uedoxine
Within our yarde.       N~~      am~     AN
Maw    (F. mue),, a4 cage-or, inclogure where hawks.were kept during the moulting season; afterwards
i4,bea~ma -to s*if~iy &t cegeoct place oft eabonwMia
in genemLk
Awl, b~r habeddeq ae44e skieinW& a~wa
Aod covered It witi velvettes blewe.
thy'ii tobities or 'well cut It ouht.
MEflI'rt (S.    enge4., minigled, united.
For even Of Iote the~sicknesse
Wi, V t  ',ptp bittelliesse.;lm~i~e    CUAV~a ICIt8ON. 01' TRZIE IR,
IP osE.




560        A4~i.$#ARIAI*f ~AN
HUs brackis waves boo mqynt._
SPXNSBR98 82uP. CAL.
MicHiRt (Do. "tite'), a,,pe'tty thief, one wholuk
or hides himseflf to effect his pu~rjose..
Sow. should I'by his word him leve,:tlnneth that he nis a michet?
CRAUCiCRISRou. 0IF 'MA 90M.,
Wantont wenche%,a=4 also mycher4.
0. M. o3F Hirca ScoaLXRa.
MVI.DDLERDEZ' (S.. m~iddal eard), th, e earth; the world,
fromi itsa spposed position -between the higher, and
lower  regions.:ý?4ý--     'ýýi.. l  111
Whiloni clerkes wet y-Ierid,
Faire a~dyght this mycIdel erde.
R6d~. ov K.. ALTnAUNDRN.
And biing he'm into the o rchaidk
'Th  Wiesrt in all middelard.
FLO' ifRs AND n3L'AWNCLOVAIN.
MINEVER (F. mnenu vair), ai vostly fur, of a white
colour, speckled with: black.
Abmaeunte iq9te lwng~therw:Ittiaj
CHAUcss' ROM. OF1113t Ross.
Aud a.mantle of carlet...
Y-panced ýIl with tnintve're.
FLO, A", BLANCiPLOU"A.
MJNVTZ; J~c,40     a, figuire that strikes lbth.;bell of a
clock.   See "9Jack of the Clock House*,'Cqan~d knee s&Ttavs npouu sd Vinute.Tacke.
'rimOoir ATxusNS.
Mnu( (S       iree), dark, gloomy,, obscure.
Us shadow maketh hex beme wierke.
Blle is, mukrkg           liACusru.
MzsnsEto    istakeP from the French meeprendres




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIOIIARY.     33


1331


and Boinetimes, importing disdain or contempt, froin
meprsser;- in both senses it has long been obso.'
lete.
You spend your pasion on a miupried mood.
*-I5DS. NIGHT's DRIAN.
Then, if all fayle, we will by force it win,
And eke reward the wretch for his meaprise.
SraNsaaL'8 F. Qrrdzf.
MISY(from    mis and    *ayj),. to censure or speak
ýl  mxiesseging- is used in the same sense.!
This il behaviour garres men minay.,
Both of- their doctrine and their fy
SPalqsaR's PA5TORAJLS.
A proud dame and maliciousi,
Hokerful and eke missegging.
LAY L3 FRxINE.
MISTER. (0. F. meelier), a trade, occupation, or
eýmployment; a mechanical trade wais anciently
called a mystery, and the word is still retained in
law.
But telleth me what mister men ye been,*
That ben so hardie.
CH~swuma. KNIGHT'S"ITAILS,
MISWEEN       (frem   mis and ween), to        misqudgir or
distrust.
Why, then, should wildesS man to much,nirwee,?
Sruzesxmt' F. Quasi'.x
MISWEND      (mis, and S. wenclan)., to go wriong."
But thngsmscounselled must needlsmiawens
Sssimssa's M. HUDNAIW's TALL.
MIXE&N (S.), a d~unghill.
For whan t see begars quaking,
CnAucxa's Rom. OF THD ROsB.
Mo an      MJoa (S. ma),j more.
Daunce me met at haliday.




,A. GCSSAXdAti-AND -


Montv1M; -ffedpicoviied. wih              oarseor careless,
k.ad-drdss.
But- who, ali woe Ihad seen the mobled queen.
HAMLET.
14b6bled b, lite' dayd 1hi my considering cap.
0OGILBY'S ]FAILES.
MOCADO     (~.m~aa%            a- gpeties of silk velvet.
Why, she wenat In a fringed gown, a sinigle ruff,, and a white
cp, s~ad r"pgb in.e&l~ mecotaocot. t
0. P. Tma Low'DON PRODIGAL*
MODER.        TIS' wod      in ti   time of Qeen Eia
beth, was' used, to signify common or ordinary,.
and not in its' pr'eset sense.
And rouase frcsu sleep that fefltý natbufy,
Which cannot hear a lady's feeble vow,
Whic scirn a              K~ JOHN.
Ful~l Qf wse sawa and modem inlstanes.
Mff~tIt~l   (LI mo4nd~teti), a 'Model'
Come, bring~forth this counterfeit ssodsde.
ALL'S WSKLLIa'rAr ENDS WELL.
Mon ~' moqaw)i to~make mouths, to deride; some~
titbwi Spet, PPow~.
For every trifle are they set upon me,
TEMUPEST.
MOIL (F. rnouill~r), to, labour Qr drudge.
That like an emmet thou muqt ever moil,
It A *ad sentence of MR"h dfetfdatk.TEOPIsoM's CAST. ow1 INDOLENCY.
MOLDWARP (S. moldt an~d weorpn)              thte  mlso
called from its, warpihgjor- turning-the earth out of
its proper place or diirection.,
Sometimes he angers noe* biti1tsi m!e orthe fi5Efdwa3p.iid
the ant.
I PART K. HUs*. iv.




ETYMOLOGICAL DIfCTIONAR?.s


333


MoxtE (Fi. momon), a drone, -dull, or" stupid -fellow,
St aught he asde,. whatever he did hseare;
But,, hanging downs his head, did like a maine appear.
Ibuwsma's F. Quwve.
MONMOUTHI CAP. This was a flat cap, worn by the
comamon, people, particularly by Apprentices, and
also by soldiers and sailors; it was made of worsted
and probably manufActured at Monmouth,
tHurl away a brown dozen of Monmoeuth, cepe or so,.in sae
CereMony to your bon toyftei.P   ATADKJ
With Monmnouth cap, and eutlace by my side.,
SAunaL Olt IsA OFFIcns.
or 0 DUCcx's Misc.
MONTH's MIND.      This, term  is frequently found in
old wills and testamentary dispositions, where
mention is mnade or* a monhth' Mind, and layal
m d;the 'Wee   cteater or'lesser ftnjera1*selem.
nftesP, ord'ered, by the decesd tobolheM     him  isz
remembrance, and at which masses were said for
his soul. The custom ceased at-the Reformation,
and it now' only siggifies a strong wish or desire to
do or rettahl (roan doiag any p'articular act.
I see you have a mont/i'. mind to them.
For  rumet sund Two GxNTs,, or;VxioxAq
jrb Us tumpetsondor dum beat,
Who has not amonth's mind to combat?
MONTURE (.,a riding or saddle horse.
And Yewswd spurr'4 his winture fierce withal.
MOORQATIL Near thig gate of the city was v* large.and deep ditob, wh~ich divided Moorfield4 ýrptheb
old hiospital of Bothiew;' it 'ccasioned the vi i ity




334


334,          A #Lft3AI*AL AWD


tai-bdicasnhy ittid unwhblesotne,-' and,. n - that
account, this- swnburh was rarely vi*ited by the
citizens for the-purpose of recreation.
qIwl I*, 1at Xbdriaite &Naim, where I shall see thee Wh the
ditch, danicing 1#1 ý ciacking-stoolo,.P E  oSa
WhO2"Ysy'tpqtban.* ohoie, 9r, the Mehae~ooy of MeoediAt1)
1 PAIIT K. Hvi. iv.
MOP (Sn. Got4h. th'opa'), used in the' -same se'n se as
moe; to mock or deride,. by making a wry face in
contempt,
U&~ one tripping on his toe,
Wil be herke with moap and mo we.
TxuiBsT.
ill;elbos rb'dsadket y..clutter,,
CM011o115 VIs~ TMY.,
MORGLýAY (..nwmrl *nd glaive), a ~dp4dlyjweapon;
-a "ame, given to the sword of Sir Bevi,;,of -Southaaeptopt rom wlheace it becamt a-t psfr~a asw9rd
*in.geo~raL
Pee not thy true
0. '.TN: ORDIN4AY.
Their' N  sr-a ancient steel1 'a' i hemt,
nerbfef theyr oftenh ýWi md~,orI1As~eweif.'
ftA we I s -BQyIaa& TAJmE.
M`Pt M^AL"( ('. mo'rt mat), aboil osreof a virulent
nature.
I But. Crept hWele it was,, as it thought ie
ehaln-hids a kiinft on*Wehud-hea,~
CR.AV"**# -IANT. TALxs..
MO~.~ 'iAC~ arustic dance, supposed to be dek8vd  i6rni the Modrs; ijt I g~f~a~    i~d    h
iIimenti df May-d4     And is dan ed by`Mi~n,
dreassd in *bite' shits iaent~d1'with vhridu5




ETYMOLOGJCAC flWP1O(WARYO  8


183-9


coloured ribbons, 'having. shbrt staves, to which
bells - are fastened, and which th'ey frequently
clash together.'
The sounds and seas, with sfl their tinny drove,
4ow'to, the moon iu wavering morris rove.
MILTON's CO)Sses.
MORRIS, NINE MSN'a, a. game: formerly played. by
country people on the green sward, holes being
cut thereon, into which 'stones were placed by the
players; the principle of the game was similar to
draughts.
The nsine men's morris Is WUN up *ith tntui.
Mw~s. NwwrT's DaANM.
MORRIS     PIKE, *a formidable     military weapon, so
called from being used by the Moor's.
H~e that seft sip bit re~st to do more'exploltit withnb his acite
tha~n. amorrwspike.
Cotr. or XKaits.
Mfoum     (F.),' certain notes playedt -on theho, O
'the- death -of a deer.
J,      e biswo a Morfe upon the beate.
0. B3. CHEVY CnACu.
Mowrita (Fi. twrtier'), a lamp.
pr by tbst sinner which I see, brenae.
Knmowe I ful well that. day is farre henne.,
CHAUCAR's Tatol. A.ND CRESS.
MOR.TREIS    (F.), in cookery, the name of a dish
made of chickens.' egg s, bread, and saffron boiled,together.
He coud r9ste,,seeths, bolieni, and Wie,.
maken ftor, teis, and *el bake a Pie.
jCIu&vcBAs Ceaxse TAs,.
MOSS TROOPER, a name given to certain. banditti,
who infested the borders of England previous to
the union with Scotland.




I!i*  W AAI  RW,


'1'e tiinc~he~os of a sp'ear bestrode..1'?-rx L                 ouLAsw. Al#x~fn.
MOTE, (Du. noet), must or might.
That living creature mote not It abide.
Seaxasa's F. Quizuw.
MOTION. The old puppet shews were called motion*,
and wotre, formerly in great repute.
Whit m.Sotioa this? the model of Nineveh t
BEAUM01VT AND FLETCHER'S WIT AT
SEVERAL WEAPO014%
Atlie motiea that I LUnthorn Leatherheq4 have given light.
tol -FiAiY time.
B. JONSON'S-BATIL. FAIR.
MOTLEYT.     The- domestic fool, formerly kept for the
dive~rsion of the great, wvore a party coloured coat,
made of calf skin, with buttons down the back;
this fact is ailluded to In King' John, and in the
Saying of one of those domestics, who, on- patting
a greyhound on,' the:back, observed,4, 1' t)3e 4utto!Is
are behind with thee too.". Up. wp;,d ýs of pncertain derivation, but it always denotes a mixed
colour, and we still retain it 1pwot11fed., as applied
to a species of soap coloured with. streaks.
A worthy fool; motlej,'a your only w~ear.
As You LIRE IT.
Thoas wear a lion's skin;i doff it, for shuipe,.And hang a calf 8kin on thy recreant limbs.
K. Jouici
MOUNoli (from F. manger), to chew or. aaasticate
food, synonimous with "Mumble; the,,action of the
jaws in mastication, which in old ag~e are deficient
Inteeth.
Ana" loif'wt had cheunuts in herj&N.
And meuetck4 and mouncht, and mouncht.




B9TVI#WGICAL, DIiCTIONARY0


$33?


MovuNi- (F. momie), thet world; but, figuratively,
"91all- the mowed,", is every thing you wish, a lite-.
ral transition. of the French " tout le mone,."Hold thee to thy husbend;
And thou shalt have all the mound!
ROM. Olt THEC SAYRE Ra.*s.
MOUSITENANCE, the amount or value of a. thing,
chiefly in refe~rence to space or distance.
Mytht "etiier other hamx done
T7he mountmnancc of an hour.
A LmvL (1mms or, Ni Neam
fthis said,, they both a, furlong'a moinnteausq
Retired,, their steeds to ronne an even race.
$"eowa's IN. QUUr.
MouSE, a term of endearment or affection.
Let the bloat kiur
Pinch wanton on your cheek, call you -his mowse.
But is the countesses smock almost done, iftoue?
0. P. Turn RoAAmse GzAL.
Mucn,. a term of contempt, implyinga& sneering- disbelief of an assertion, somewhat similar to the
moders miemy,-come up.
W10   with two points In ym shoulder tAmcheI!
2 PART K. HIM. IT.
But you shall eat it. Much!I
B. JoNSON'S VOLPONE.
MUFFLER (from S. mulk, the mouth, and fealdian,
to hide), a part of. female dress, formerly worn
over the lower piart of the face, covering the mouth
anid c~hirr.
There'; her thrumb'd hat and her "nutr.
M. WIVus or WIHPDSOR.
I espy a great beard under hier mufflr.
NIUMNUDGET, a cant word to signify ",,be silent."G G




338


A GLOSSARIAL AND


And I thought he laught not merier than I when I got his money;
But, mumbouget, for Carisophus I espie.
0. P. DAMON AND PYTIaAS.
MUMCHANCE, an old game at cards, but said by
Todd to be a game of hazard with dice.       Dekkar's
authority is decisive.
I ha' known him cry when he hast lost but three shillings
at mismehance.
O. P. Tuz JOVIAL Casw.
The cardes are fetch'd, and mumchance or decoy is the game.
DEKKARn' BELLMAN OF LONDON.
MUMMER (Dan. mumme), one who hides his face
with a mask or disguises himself in frolic. The
ancient mysteries and allegorical shews were enacted by mummers.
Jugglers and dancers, antick mummers.
MILTON.
As far as I can see, they be mummers.
0. P. DAMON AND PTTHIAS.
MUSCADEL (F.), a rich wine, made from the muscadine grape.
Quaf'd off the muscadel,
And threw the sops all in the sexton's face.
TAMING OF TEX SBs1aW.
MUSE (F. muser), to wonder; in this sense it is now
disused.
Do not muse at me;
I have a strange infirmity.
MACBZTH..Muss, a cant word for a scramble.
When I cried hoa!
Like boys unto a muss kings would start forth.
CORIOLANUs.
To see if thou beest Alcumy or no,
They'll throw down gold in musses.
O. P. THs SPANISH GIwsv.
UTrTON, a cant word for a courtezan.        See " Laced
Mutton."




ETYMOEOGICAL DICTIONARY.


339


N.
NAKE    (S. 5enacan), to unsheath or make naked a
sword.
Come, be ready; nake your swords, think of ypour wrongs.
0. P. THE REVENgERS' TRAGEDY.
NALE (from ale), an alehouse.
And they were gladden to fillen his purse,
And made hem grete feestes at the Rale.
CnAL'Cea's WIrs OFr BATH.
NAPERi (It. naperia), a term        formerly used to sig%
nify linen in general, though now chiefly confined
to that used for the table,
Pr'7thee put me into wholesome naperp, and bestow some
clean commodities upon us.
0. P. TnE HONEl? WORAE.
NAPIN     (It. nappa).     In the early drama the term
is used for a handkerchief.
And they would go and kiss dead Caesar's wounds,
And dip their napkins in his sacred blood.
JUL. CASAR.
I am glad I have found this napkin;
This was her Arst remembrance from the Moor.
OTEELLO.
NAR, the old word for nearer.
To kirk the nar, to God more far.
SPiNSRa's SeEP. CAL.
NARCOTISE (F. narcotique), having a sleepy or stupirying quality.
Of a clarrie made of certain wine,
With narcotise and opie of Thebes fine.
CRAUCER's KNIoHT's TALE.
NARD (L. nardue), a precious ointment, the spike.
nard.
G G 2.




$40


A 49 L&MAaAt -A14b'


-, -Through groves of myrrh
And towering odours, causea ssad, and balm.
PARt. Loer.
NARE (L. tuzrie*), a nostril;- used only in burlesque.,
There is a Machiavelian plot.,
ThnQugh every sare olfact it not.
HUDWRA#.
lYAB, a contraction of never WIS.
Nowhere so busy a man as he there n'as,
And yet be seemaed busier than he was.
CHAUCER'S MAN 01 LAWNcS TALE.
NATELISS., not the less; now spelt nevertheless.
MbAWee, my brother, since we passed are
Ujato this )ioiut, we wil appeaae out jar.
NATRUIbOR: a similar contraction of nsever the mwore
Tot ONMWs.Pm bybUe bold beUty epw*
Could his blood-boxse beart  blded be.
NMvwoxi, a bye word 0?r term of reproach.
M4.w~igh a gibing kind of nqyword,
Quotb~he,. blind Jarer have among ye.,
COTnoW'SVYuaa. 71a4v.
Nia particle in frequent use by Gower, Chatucer,
and Spenser, both slingl1y and by contraction; as,
n"IH, for ne will, will not; n'is, (or ne is, is not;
$cc. and isingly for not, neither, or nor.
No of his speech dangerous ne digne.
CNAUCER'LS PRO. TO PARDONERt'S TALE.
Slowly "e so tiniy you serve,
1Wlil none of hem *As I.
eAucigR's 'Taos. Amp Cusa.
NEBi (S. nelbe), the bill or beak of a bird, used
figuratively for the rioutb.,
How she box$ up the Sao thse bill, t9 hUn.
WINTER'S TALL9
NzaiVRRS, aVrse, the b~egisonig -of the 61st
Ps4lm "miserers met dewe~ wbivlh coavicted




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


felons were required to read to, enable them to
claim  benefit of clergy.    This ceremony was abolished by 5 Queen Anne.
Upon mine own freehold, within forty foot of the gallows,
conning his neck verse.
0. P. TaHx Jw oP MALTAv
NEDDER (S.), an adder.
Anon the nedders gan her for to sting.
CHAUCER's LEo. or G. WOMrN.
NEELD (S. nedl), -a needle; sometimes also, by old
authors, spelt neele.
Their thimbles into armed gauntlets change,
Their neelds to lances.
K. JoaN.
NEESE    (. neisen), to sneeze.
And waxen In their mirth, and neeze and swtar.
MiD9, NIGHT'S DREAM.
NEIF (IS. nefi), the list.
Give me your neif, Mounsieur Mustard Seed.
IBInD.
His spindle shank a guid whip lash,
His neive a nit.
Bvan.' HAuors.
NEMPT     (8. nemnan), named, from          the old verb
nempne, to name.
Under han holde, that nempne I ne-can.
CnAUcaR's MAN or LAWHs TALE.
Or a warmonger to be basely nesmpt.
SPENsaR's F. QUEzu.
NETHER STOCKS, stockings covering the legs and
feet.  In the ninth century, persons or rank wore
them as high as the middle of the thigh, but in
the lower classes, they only reached to the calf oC
the leg, and. hence were called nether stocks.Ere I lead this life,.,'11 sew nether stocks..
I PART K. IiUN. 1W.
GG.3




Ui


84A GOWSSARIAL A1IR


NETTLEC, 1-* D0O9t, OUT., See "Dock."
NEWuL (JR. iiovvelle), novelty.
He was so enamour'd with the newej.
That nought he deem'd dear for his jewel.
SYuNsYnSS S22P. CAL--
Ni~cu, izatte. tr#irsig, of little import.
My lord, this argues consciemee in your grate,
But the ropjecte thereof ere *ico and trivial k.  it.t.
The letter was not nuice, but fall of charge.
Rom. AND JUL.
NICHOLAS, ST. CLERKS. Highwaymen and robbers
were formerly     so called.    St. Nicholas was the
patron saint of scholars, and Old Nick being a cant
name for the devil,, thieves were called his clerks.*
If they meed not with S.S Nfiahaku' elerkeIO, il give thee this neck..
1PART K. Huw. iv.
NICK, a corruption of notch, a cut ofl a stick, by
which acqou'nts or reckonings were formerly kept.
The tallies In the Exhequt~pr aro still used for that
purpose.
Launc% his, rab, tpld me he loved km ovt oalQ taick.
Two GX?-rs. o10 VERONqA.
NIDGET (S. nid), a coward; a, term which was
apphod to any man who, in old times, refused to
cieto the royal standard.      It is also used, corrupte~lvy for an ideot or trifler.
Niding, an old English word, signify~ig 4bjectO base minded,
fale hefted, o0Wad, Or 19aidgeI
CAUDDRM.
'Tis a gentle,siigef; you may play with himasm safely as with
h~s  e.0.?F. TEE CiEA14OEL5rG.
NIFLE (0. F. nifle), a thing of no value, a -trifie.
CEAVOEASO SomNvouat's TALE.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


348


NIGGLE, a probable derivation from the last word,,
to treat lightly or trifle with.
Take heed, daughter,,
You rWgle not with your couscienteesad. rligoes.
0. P. EMPEROR 0F THE EAST.
NIGHrSPELL (from night and spell), a prayer used
as a charm against the night mare, or the acciden'ts incident to the night.
Therewith the tsigla*epU he said anon arights,,
On four halves of the house about.
CRAUCER'S MI&L1119I TALE.
NIGhT WARD (from night and ward), a night watch.
He came to the galewes armed wel,,
Both in iron and In steel,,
For to make the first naiglstward.
Rome. OP "SM SftM*1 MAulS.
NIGON (Is. niuger), a parsimonious person, a miser
or niggard.       I
A covetous mWa, which Is a #4goni;
He that in his heart can never say ho.
cNAUCER'S PRO. TO CAiWr. tAuLs.NILL (S. nillan), to refuse or reject; to be unwilling., Certes, said he, I.eW thy offered grace.
9?EN5ER'5 P. QUEEN1.
Sylla nit brook, that in so- many years,
Thus wilth dishonouir to give up his charge.
0. P. TuE WQTWIE OF CIVIL WAS.
NIM   (S. niman), to filch or steal, a cant wo 'rd; in~
its primitive sense., it meant to k~ee~p, take care of,,
or guardi and in old fortified castles, the place
where the prisoners were confined was called "Ithe
keep."Bade her beo should niym keep,
Th* hso i W4 iur aoughft uiupe.
T. op UsRiNu.




344,"A G7LOSUAR[AL AND


They'll qutstion Mars, and bf his look
Detect who 'twas that nimm'd a cloak.
NINE MEN'S MORRIS., See, "Morris."
Nip (Bel. nippen), to taunt or jeer sarcastically.
What ayleth them? From their nippes shall I never be free.
o. P. DAMON, AND PYTHsIAS...N'iS (S.rse i's), is 'noto.
6T all my fiock there n'is sike another.
SiuNSBAsss SHEP. CAVL.
NOCENT (L. nocen*), guilty, criminal, the contrary,
of innocent.
Nor 'weent yet, but on the grassy herb
Fearless, unfeared, he slept.
PAR. LOST.
NODDY' (0. F. naud-in), a game at -cards, similar toý
if not the same as the modern cribbage;. the knavewas called knave noddy.
Master Frankfordt you play best atmoddy,.
Os P. A WOMAN K5U.ED WITH KINDsrsSS.NOTANCK (L. noeere), inconvenience, mischief, anew
Tob~brrow to day, and to morrow to mls;
For lender and borrower noiance it is.
TO keep itself from nojance.
HAMLET.
NOISE    (F.).,This word was formerly. used to sign ify music in general;- a- noise of musicians was a
concert,
See if thou ean'st find. out Sneak's noise,.
Mis. Tearsheet w"ould fain have some music.
TPARAT K. lIN. iv.
Item thy sighs to a noise of fidlers inl paid.,
0. P.'THzc WONDER 0?r A ]CsNouioss.
N'OLDEC (a diminutive of ne would)., would not.
Hie ss'ad bar nought we mow wa see.
Moxvu D'1ARTBUI5.




kTY1WO'LOGGCL 1D1CTO!ARY0


No mere Athens ft'dd he go ne Mie.
CRAuTCun's KNIGUT's TALK.
NomBLEIS (F.), the entrails of -a stag.; those parts
of the beast which are usually baked in a pie,
corruptly called "4humble pie."-     The term    was
not exclusively applied to the intestines of the
deer;, for in Peg gee Forme of Cur!, there is a receipt to make noumblee in Lent, which is directedi
to be made of the pauncheis of pike, cod, and. other
fish.
Drede and wyne they had yncnsgh,
And notable of the door.
A LIMB& GICTI OF 19. HOD..
NoNcz, occasion, Wnent, design, purpose. Tyrwhitt
supposes the word to have been originally corrupt.
Latin, pro tune, as from ad nunc came anon; and
the Spanish etoncee is formed 'in the same m~anner
from in hoo.
I have caues of buckram for the nowes.
I?AaYT K. UZI#. %fro
She Isea very witty wench, and hath a ett~menl petticoat wvtI
tkW ~uftke *  "W.0. P. WHAT YOU WILL.
NOTTS (S. Anot), shorn, cropped short; bence X4t
pated a nd so headed si gnified the hair cut ofr close
from the head.
A *We~ bead lad ho with a brow viage,
Of woodcrafte wel couth he all the *aup*
CHAucIR'S SgVzau'e$ YuO. TALS.
NOURICE (F.). a-ausne.
QMasd  Uwa, thou eef  of antquity.




346


34~      A GLOOSARIAL AND


NOURISL (F. nourice);' to fondle or pamper with)
over imursing; to muzzle is a corruption of the word.
Those mothers who to noulet up their babes
Thought nought too curious.
PERICLIS.
Novum,, an old game at dice, corrupted from Latin.
novem, because it -required nine persons to play it.,
Change your game for dice;j we are a full number for,nomm.
0. P. GR6EENE's Tv Quogua.
NoW LE    (S. hnol), the top of the head, but mbrer
frequently used to signify the head itself.
Au "as'S,owl I fibId upon his head.
MIDe, NIowr's DRAI.M
Wlne, 0 wine
Now dost thou the *oewl# refine.
Q. P. MoTNsu DOMUIS.
NUNOH'ZoN, a word of uncertain derivation, but
meaning food taken between stated. meals, generally before dinner.
When laying by their swords end trunehlbnst
They took their breakfasts or their numhow,
Nup, (a contraction of nump8), a silly or weak person.
'Te he, indeed, the vilest nup: yet the fool loves me exceedingly.
0. P. LINGUA.
NUTIWOI, -a word of reproach, insinma'tin'g that the
personi was -a thief, 'by 'using' a* hooked "1tiok, to
purloin clothes or other articles from w~indowsi'
I will say marry trap with you, If*yotk run the nuthookgs
humaour on ma..
M. WIVus 01F WINIusoR.
Nra (a contraction of ne is); none) or not is.
ThowAfndest fWaut when isys to be found.
Briwema'vs F. QezXXW.




ETYMOLOGICAL DfCTIONAR.        347
0.
OB AND 8OLLERS, two words contracted from               obd
jections and     solutions, which     were applied.in
ridicule of the polemical divines of the time of
Cromwell, who represented the arguments of their
adversaries in the shape of objections, noted in the
margin as ob. and their own replies as sol. i. e.
solutions.
Were sent to cap texts and put cases:
To pass for deep and learned scholars,
Although but paltry ob-and-sollers.
HVDIsIAS.
OBUMBRATE (L. obumbro), to overshadow or cloud.
"When the Holy Ghost to thee was obumbred.
CHAUCSR'S B. oF OuR LADIz.
OCCIssION (L. occissio), the act of killing.
That Theban none aforne his face abode,
He made of him thro' his high renoun
So Crete slaughtei and occission.
LYDGAT'S HItTa. TaBsts.
(ELIAD (F. oellade), a significant glance of the eye,
an amorous look.
She gave strange wiliads and most speaking looks
To noble Edmund.
K. LUAi.
Examin'd my parts with most judicious eyliads.
M. Wivas or WIsrsoa.
(ESTRUM, a Greek word, signifying madness; also,
a name given to the breeze or gadfly which stings
cattle.
"What estrum, what phrenetic mood,
Makes you thus lavish of your blood?
HuIBRA s.




348


SAt -   )A ' SI5 ARLý AX0


OFFERTORIE (F. offertoire), the anthem sung during
the offering at the celebration of mass.
Wel coudc he rede P4 ipason or a storne,,
But aider-best he sang an ofertorie.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO CAxTr. TALze.
OLD (K aid). This word was used by Shakspeare
andotljers as a common augmentative in collsqujia
Iknguage, in the same sense m. the word great is
Row used.
$spdoy,, st nwpese theae wph old ringlm of bels,, &c.
TARLTON'S 'Nawas OUT OF PURGATORY.
I Imagine there's old moving awaogst thems.
0. P. LINAot.~
OLD TROT, an old woman, a. gosip. The word trot
is supposed to be derived from the Ger. drutte, a
druidess, one who foretold. events and used mag~i"
cal incantations.
Every old trot will have a race (of ginger) to heate her cold
stomach.
Two Owazs ALMANACIE.
Give him gold epough. and marr him to a puppet, an aglet
baby,, or an old irs.,
TAx. 0? TIME SHREW.
OLFACI'(L. OIfacttes)j, to smell; used by Butler in
a ludicrous sense.
There is a Machlavilian plot,
Though every nare. olfact it act.  UNIS
ONF.mRa, public accountants of the Exchequer, so
called, says Malone, from o. ni. an abbreviation of
onelrettr rnei Iab eat itujfcieittem exvoneration em.
With nobilty adtmaquiilty; burgovwater ansd Cet "Vone...
I PART K. Hve. iv.
ONSLAUGRT.(S. cmatagan),j an attack,, onset,, or
assault.




ETYMOLOGICAL DI CTIONARY.


349


Then called a council, which was best
By siege or onslaught to invest.
HUDIBRAS.
OPINE (L. opinor), to think or be of opinion.
And they'll opine they feel the pain
And blows they felt to day again.
IlID.
ORFRAIS (L. autfrifsium), cloth embroidered with
gold.
And of fine or/rais had she eke
A chapelet so seemly on.
CHAUCta'S ROM. or TUB RosX.
ORGULOUS (F. orgueilleux), proud, splendid.
His attire was orgulous,
All togeder cole blacke.
ROM. or Rica. CcOau Da LiON.
The prince's orgulous their high blood chaf'd.
PRO. TO K. HaN. v,
ORIENT (F.), the east.       The dresses of particular
magnificence are represented by the old romances
as coming from the east; and Milton, in allusion
to oriental grandeur, saysOr which the gorgeous east, with richest hand,
Show'rs on her kings Barbaric pearl and gold.
PAa. LosT..---. In a full rich aparaylment
Of Samyte green, with mickle pride,
That wrought was in the orient.
MORTE D'ARTHUR.
ORISON (F. oraison), a prayer, oral worship.
S-     Nymph, in thy orisons
Be all my sins remembered.
HAMLBT.
OaTS.    This word is never used in the singular; it
means the fragments or refuse of any thing, and
its derivation is not satisfactorily ascertained.
The fractions of her faith, orts of her love.
Taol. AND CaRSs.
Thou son of crumbs and ordt.
B. JonsoN's Nsw INN.
HH




350


A GLOSSARIAL AND


OSTENT (L. aedeuaum), 8hew, parade, appearance.
Like one well studied In a sad ost ent
To please his grandmR.   MRMT OF VXII.
Of Ql W *let*s desenig sa the sky,
Blid in tke "isawte*& of teegedy.
0. P. BUSBYr D'A513015.
OTHEIMAThS5. See "1Ariothergates."
ýOUGHT (S. awlhit), the preterite of owe; owed,
been indebted.     It is also used by early writers as,Own, having a right to.
The devil ougls mae a shame, arid now he hath paid it.
0. P. TnomAs, LORD CROMWELL.
lie said tile other day that you ought him a thousand pound.
I PART K. Hzuq. Iv.
There of the knight,, the which that castle ought.
5FES.aR'IS F. QUEEV.
OUPIIE (Te-u. auf), a fairy or sprite.
Like urchins,, ouphese, or fairies.
M. Wsvss OF WINDSOR.
OUSEL (S. osle), a speeies of blaekbird, but having
A white cescent.
The ousel shrills, the ruddock warbles soft.
swSJ5Rx'5 F. QUEEN?.
The uswe coeki so btsek of hue,,
MIDS. NIGHT'S DREAM.
'OUTCRY, the name formerly given to a sale by public auction. Ile old Roman way of selling things
by auction, was by setting up a spear, from whence
the phrase sub hatls vendere;- the' custom seems
to hh~ei been continued in this country to a late
period.
Or to bp bought ordo14, or, lot for term of lives or year, or
w ele od sit flitope.
0. P. TEN PARSsN'S WXEDDING.




ETYMOLOGICAL ]DICTI~ONARY*


3.51 '


Their muses &u4 one gardeus givesa away,
And their goods, under the spear at outcry.
S. JONBON'S CATALINI.
OUTED (S. ute), removed., put out, extiniguighed.
Nor shall we be deceived, unless
We're slurr'd arnd outed by succens.
HUDIBRA-9.
OUTHORNPE. In ancient times the king's subjects
were called to arms by the souind of a horn, and
blowing the outhorne was the, signal for assenibig. There was muany an eadhornse in Carlell blowen.
0. B. AvAm BALL, &C.
OUT OF ALL H0, out of all restraint or stop; a word
derived ftorn the exclamation hto! used to stop the
combat at a tournament.
For he loV'd the fbir maid of Prungftdd out of cot Ao.
0. P. FRIAR BACON AND FjtAsJ BuawGAr.
OUTRAAKM (S. st r'eean), a term uted by shepherds,
to signify the free passage of sheep from inclosed
lands to commons or open grounds, but more
anciently it denoted an expedition, probably of a
military character.
And I have never had noe oudrake,,
Ne no good games that I cold see.
0. B. NORTHUMBERLAND BETRAYED, &C.
OUTkECu1DANCE (F.), presulaption.
Some think,, ray lord, it bath given you eaikton of pride and
outrecuidexce...    0. P. MON44sua b'Owtxv.
*           ~Therein was your otDrecuidance.
(3.?.- MAD CbvSPA* WALL. MATeR'.-K
OVERT (P. otuverte), open$ &ppiarent, clear, evident.
TQ veudh th9is IsokAMwANf.
Without more certain and mnore overt test.
02'X&s.zo.
H it2




352


352     A GLOSSARIAL AND


OVERWEEN (from over and ween), to think arrogantly; to be self opinionated or presuming.
Lash hence those eeerweei~ng rap of France.
K. Rica. iii.
OWCHiE, an ornament of gold or jewels; a supposed
corruption -of Teu. neuoect, a. clasp or buckle,~ but
which was afterw ards-extended to other ornaments
of jewelle'ry,
A crown on her hedde they~ han i'dressed,
And set it full of owc/ies grete and small.
CHAtVC910 C. 6V~ 0xiMP~0lD5 TAtlZ.
Your brooches, pauls, and ouiohas
I PARTa No HAN, Woe
OWND ZD (F. ondoy#6), waving, having an undulating motion like a wave, flowing.
Her ow"sdde beers that siWnsh was of hoews
CaAVCsi's Taox. AND C~APss
OXUrP (S. oxan elippa), a name given- to the cows..
lip,.-one of the earliest flowers of. spring.
Where Mrips and the nodding violets grow.
MExOs.NIONT's ]DRIAM.
P.
PACK (from S. paean), to go in, company with, to
congregate for evil purposes.      Both Pope and
Stevens have mistaken the meaning of this word;
the first says, to pack, means to make a bargain,
and the latter, to contrive inaidio~wLM; but neither
of these explanations elucidate the meaning- of
Shakspeare, or give a true definition of the term.




ETYIIOLOMrC&L DICTIONARY*


353


Go pawk witkh ls* wAd give the saseter gold,,
And tell them both the circumstance Of all.
TIT. AwDRrtagios.
Pack was also a name for a, lewd or disorderly
person, but generally applied to the female sex.
PADDER     (from   S. paad), a highwayman, o ne who
robs on foot.
Are they yaddera or Abram-mea?
0. P. NNW WAY TO PAY OLD DECBTS.
Spurr'd as ).*I4s as to break,
Or po4ers to qwcia  a neek.       UIR.
PADDOCK (S. pada), a large frog or toad..
Evitis and snakes, and paddoeic brode.
Teik. 6v XC. Aj~AvAvmtgs.
The grisly toad stool grown there adagitl 1 seE
And loathed paddocks lording on the same.
ffYXNNXR'S SEEP. CAL.
PAIGLE, the co'walip; hence the proverb, '- as blake
(i. e. yellow) ats a paigie."
Blue hair bells, pagles, pansies, calaminth.
B. Jori.GN's MAsQuxs.
PAINTED CLOTH. The old tapestry hangings were
so called; mottoes or moral sentences were usually
put on labels attached to the mouths of the figures
painted or worked on them.
I havo seea In Mother Rtedcapl's, ball
jatpaiusted cloth, the story of te prodigal.
0. P. THE Musm' Looxima GLASS.
I aow 1'0ul weep, mMdam, but what saysy the paintaed q1othP
0.1'. TniB thONElST WnOau.
PAIR OF CARID&. This was formerly the name given
to a pack of cards.
A pair of carits, Nicholad, and a' caret to cover the table.
0. P. A WOMAX KICLLUD WkTH KVVVV7X5SY.
]a H 3




354                A GLOSSARIAL AND
PALED (from pale in heraldry), marked or striped
with bars.
Buskins he wore of costliest cordewayne,
Pinckot upon gold and paled.  psi'F.uz.
PALL (S. pivll), a robe of state
Down, then, came~that mayden faire,
With ladyes laced in pall.
0. B. K. ESTaissa.
PALLIAMENT (L. pallsum), a dress or robe.
The people of Rome
Send thee by me their tribute,
This palliument of white and spotless hue.
TIT. ANDRoNicus.
PALMER (Sp. palmero), a pil-grilm that visited holy
p Ilaces, so called from    a staff~ or bough of palm
which he carried.
And palm to palm is holy palmer's kiss.Ro.ADJL
PALMY (from palm), great,, flovurishing.
In the most highA and palms, state of Rome,,
A little ere the, mightiest Julius feU'.
FALTER (F. poltron), to shuffle, prevaricate, or deceive.
A whoreson dog, that shall palter~ thus with us-.
Tnoi. AND CANSs.
PANNIKELL (F. pannicle), the scull, the crown of
the head.
Smote him so ruldely on the paisnikell,
That to the chin he cleft his head In twalne.
I               ~SIPSWSAIX's F. QUINN.
PAN~TAIILi, a slipper, a corruption of the F panNo/l.  1w,, by my grandame's pantable, 'tis pretty!
0. F. ELVIRA.
PANTLER (F. paneti~er), an officer in a great family
who had the charge of the bread.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


5555


He would have made a good pantler, he would have chipp'dbread well.                           2 PART 1K. HEN. iv.
PAPELARDE, (F.), a hypocrite or dissembler.
That papelrzrde that him yeldeth so,,
And wol to worldly ease gon.
CHRAUCERfS Rom. OF THE RosE.PARAGE (0. F.), kindred, rank, high lineage.
To wedde a poore woman for costage,
And if that she be riche,, of high parage.
CEAUC&A'S MERLCMANT's TALE.
PARAMENT (F. parement)., a robe of estate, a costly
habit.
Lords in paraments on her courser's,
Knights of retinue and eke squiers.
CHKAUCER'S KNIGHT'S TALE,PARAVAUNT (F. par avant), in fron't, publicly.
If chance I him encounter Parasieust,
For perdy one shall other slay or daunt.
SPENSER'S FP. QEN
PARAYL (F. pareille), apparel, arms.
Milk white &rme, in ryme I rede,,
Was his paray~ll.          Rm     FOT    U.
PARBRE4K (Teu. bracken), that which is ejected
from the stomach by vomiting.
Her filthy parbreak.11. the place defiled.
5IESE?1q1R'S F. QUSEN.
PARCEL (F. parceile), a part of the whole taken~
separately, a word still in use in law.
What nedeth to shew parcel of my paln;
LYD)GATE.
'Tis as it were a parcel of their feast.,
I ~CORrOLANUS. 4
PARD,(&,prd),the      leopard, used poeticr$lkyir
any spotted beast..-More pinch-spotted snake them
Than pard or cat o' mountain.      xpx




356


356      A GLOSSARIAL AND~


PARDEi (F. par dseu), an oath or asseveration fr-equeat in old authors, s.ometimes spelt perdy.
Ara fores andi ae Wi felke, p4rdd,
lieu of Kyag Aauuldre's.zneigzlee.
Itox. or K. ALISAUNILDR.
Ush99 sol aknave, perdy.
K. LIAR.
PARDONUIt, a person who carried about the pope's
indulgences and sold them to the best bidder.
With tkm there rode a gentill pardonere
Of ItewievaZ 7419 Meiad and Wie compere.
C"OftOa'S PicO. TO PARD2nER'~s TALE1.
PAREGAL.(F.), equal to.
Paregat tq 4o~ls *1th kyiig he tnyght COmpare.
St*LT0119 21,20V opi D. X-ORTITUMMNERLAN'D.,
PARFAY    (),verily, by my faith
Farfai. be thoughbt the fantom is in m1in hed.
CHAUCERX'S MAN OF LA&WEs TALEC.
*1  PARnis GAIWEN, commonly called-the Bear Garden,
a celebrated place,     situated -on -the' Bankside,
Surrey, used for bating beargs, s-o called from one
Robeft de ]Paris, who, in the time of Richard 11.
had a house and garden there. 'This place of vulgar resort was o f an, hexagonal shape, b'uilt with
stone and brick, and roofed with rushes; the site
is still pointed 6ut by a cour-t bearing the name of
"Bear Garddn 'Court."
Do Iootake th oeu W k A Fr* Gam**?
K. HENz. Vill.
]or"d " *heme dlsin""a most rILe it,,
In military Garden Paris.       HUDIBRAS.
'PARL61ý8, precocity of -talent, keen, shrewd, forward; a diminutive of perilous.
A parlou, boyr: Go4to. you are too Shrewd.
K. RICH. Ill.




VTYMOLOGICA L DICTIONARY*  5


357


Thus was th' accompllsh'd squire endu'di
With gifts and knowledge per'Iloua shrewd.
HuDZBaAS,
lPARTIZAN (F. pertuisane), a sort of.-pike, a military
weapon, much used before the invention of artillery.
I had as lief have a reed that wiM do m~e no service, as A
partizan I coul~d not heave.A-vdt. AND C190osr
PARTLET (It. parela and lattucca), a ruff or band
for the neck, worn by women, and hence a hen
with a natural rtifl' was also so called.
'i*'d with Pftj'd rufift' and fausj and pariet stfiffis
Than doutad, thou art woman fli'd Iuaroooted
By thy damn partlet heros.mlso m
PARVISE (P. parvie), the 'Porch of a church, or more
properly the outer court of a preat haill or palace.,
a term also applied to the meetin'gs or disputations
or young.students at law      for instruction   in th~eir
profession, which. were probably held in the
parvise or front of Westminster JHall, now called
Palace Yard.
A sergeant at laws ware and wise,
That often had been at the pareise.
CUAtTCXA*s?4AN or LAwxs TALS.
JASH, of uncertain derivation, most probably a coreo
ruption of dash, to strike against with violence.
Death came dryving after, and all to dust pa/sheJ
Kings. and kaysers, knightes auid pop"s.
P. PLOWMAN'SVIS.
If I go to him with my armed fist, I'll petu him over the Wae..
Titoi. AND aasX..
PASSAGE, a game at dice, played. by two persons.
using three dice&




358


358     A GLOSSARIAL- AND


I haVe had a 1Uckjr hwAn these Mteem yeses
At such e~ott puqge witkL thee dice.
0. P. WowRN, BEWAIRE WomEN.4
PASISIONATS, played npon by grief, and not as 'in
its modern sense, inclined to anger.
She is sad and pa~ssionate utv your highness' tent.
K. JoVNi.
PASSY MRISAURE (a corruption of the Italian pasgamezzo), a stately dance in the 'time of Queen
'Elizabeth.
After a pa&sy measure and a pavis, I hate a drusisen rogue.
TwELPTS NIGHT.
PATCu. This word I's Ldeduced by Horne Tooke from
the S. paican, to deceive by fake appearances;
this seems disputable: it is more probably called
so from the party coloured dress of the domestic
fool, a simpleton or fool being SOL called, though it
afterwards became an appellation for, a low or.mean person.,
Man Is but aPatcfl'd Mbo.
MIne. XNECT's D&AxA.
A crew of patcesee. rde mechanicus.
PATINE (L. patina), a plate; that which covers the
chalice used at mass is so called, and generally
made. of gold or silver gilN
Look how the Seer 4( hatx
Is thuck inlAwd pihV6 ofhsi~hi C0I4.
MSACU. alp VENvics.
PAIL'S L--r9f. The old cathedral of St. Paul's was a
piblic walk, the resort of dissolute servingmen,
chests, and o the'r id *le and disorderly persons; iti
precin~cts were privileged from arrestA&




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.           39


359


A man must aot make. choyee of three things is tbxee places;
of a wife in Westminster, a servant in Paul's, or a horse in Smithfield, least he chuse a queane, a knave, ot a jade.
CeoIcit Or CHANOK.
Get thee it gray cloak and hat,
And walk in P4'ls among thy cauhler'd mates,
0'. P. RAM ALLEY.
PAVADE, a sword or dagger.
Aye by his belte he wore a long prasade.
CHAUCRR's MILLIxa's TALx.
PAVIN (F. pavane), a grave and majestic Spanistb
dance.
Your Spanish pavnn is the best dance.
B. JONSoN's ALCHYSIIST.
PAVONE (It. pavone), the peacock.
More s=ndy colours than the proud pesosse
]Bears in her boasted fan.
I           ~         SpaNSxR's F. Quissa.
PAWTENEtPt (0. F. pautonnier), an insolent an low
person.        I will assay that pawteuer;
with =rue age 1 schal byruslspe.
ROM. Or RICis. CCRUR DR LION.
PAX (L. pax), a little im'aige of Christ, w 'hich, before
the ReformatioD, was presented by the priest to
be kissed by the congregration, after the service
ended, the ceremony being considered the kiss of
peace.
Kiss the pax, and be patient like your other neighbours.
0. P. MAY DAY.
PAYNIM     (0. F. Pst~enime), a Heathen            or Pagan;
the country of the Paganst is sometimes -so called.
befeli that, a tiobe stede
Outrailed fro a Paynim.
RVIC.   KPIRsvss, CMoa iH LIoN.
They were ready for to wende,
As paloseis were in Pasytis.
laib.




30:36V ~ A GLOSSARIAL AND


PAYS (F. POixr), pitch. This is a very old word in
the English language; the old proverb, ",Ithe
devil to my~ and no pitch hot," conveys its. meaning: to pay a ship, is to lay a coat of pitch over the
seams.
Soni with pays was fronet.
(i. e. burnt or shrivellod, by hot pitch being thrown upon them.)
Rom. oF K. ALISAUMDJIF.
PAYTREL (F. poitraik), a piece of armour covering
the breast of a horse.
Above the paytrell stode the fomae fal hie,
lHe was of fome as flecked as a pie.
CIIAUCER's CISANNONS Yzio. TALE.
PEAT (F. petit), a term of endearment, spoken generally of a favourite child, now called a pet.
Then must my pretty peat be fan'd and coach'd.
0. P. WHAT YOU WILL.
God's my life,, you are a peat Indeed!
-0. P. EASTWARD RON.
PEDLERS' FRENCH, a term applied to any rude or
unintelligible jargon, or the cant or slang of gipsis or other vagrants.
]Besides, as I suppose, theIr laws they peza'4
In their old pesilers' French.
WITazssass Asusus.
IOPU give a schoolmaster half a crown a week to teach me thi
pedlera' French.0.PTo                       xtiaGi.
PEE~viSH.    In Shakspeare and other early dramatic
authors, this word in general denoted folly,, and
not in the sense it is now understood.
To lean to pate to make me perysse.
0..M. olp HYCIN ScoaxsIza
Why,, *hat a pe@sess fool was that of Crete.
5 PART K. HUN. Yri.
Purents, in these days, are -grown peevish.
0. P. MOTEZIL IBowu's.




STYM1OLOGICAL DICTIONARY!  6


361


Aqt RANISEY, a vulgar old song, a copy of which
is inserted in D' Urfey'e Pills. to Purge Melan~cki4.
Malvoio's a Peg a Ramneeg.  w.yaX     ry
Pzisu (F. peser), to weigh or' balance.
AUi the, wrongs that he therein could lay
Might not itpeiee.         SssasF        uui
No; 'tis more lighit than any hat beside,
Your band Shall peiee it.
0. P. OLD FO~RURATUS.
PELT (F. pelte), a shield or buckler, so called from
its being made of a hide or skin.
Under the conduct of Demaetis prince,,
March twice three thousand, armed with pelts and glalves.
0. P. FUimus Tiaons.
PELTING (Teu. pall, a rag),, sorry, worthlessp, mean,
plr.  Like to a tenement or pelting farm.
K. RICH. 11.
Good drink makes good blood, and shall pelting words spill it
0. P. ALEx. ANO CAMPASFE.
PENDICE (It.), a Covering in the shape of a sloping
roof.
And o'er their heada-fl Iron peesdiee vast
They built, byjolning many a sheld and targe.
P AIavAX'S TASSO.
PENIBLE     (FR), painful, laborious.'
My spirit bath his foet'rlng in the Biblep
My bodle is ale so redy and penible.
CHAUCER'9 SoeseWonas TALI,.
PIII.iURABLZ (F.), lasting, long continued.
0 p*rdura6k~ shame;I let's stab ourielves.
K.HAN. v.
PERIAPT (0. F. periapte), an amulet or charm, com.
posed of medicines, hung about the           body   as a
preservative against disease.




362


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Now help, ye charming spells andperi~zpa.,
I PAtrT K1. Him. vT.
PERUSAUNT (F. petrsoir), 'piercing.
Now am I caught and unware, sodainly
With peraunt stremes of your eye clere.
'Cgiuaos*s C. op LoVX.
PESTLE OF PORK, a leg of, pork, so called from its
*shape being like a pestel, a short bludg-eon, formerly carried    by   ser~jean'ts.' at mace and sheriflfs'
officers, when in the exercise of their profession;
both derived from 0. F. peetail, an i nstrument for
beating things in a mortar.
with shaving you s~bf*lke a pestei qfporke.
0. P. DAMtON AND PYTNIAX.
I long to meet a, serjeant in this huwnour,.-I would try whether
th~is claqppiag kW&f or their pestela were the better weapons.
0. P. MAY D"~.
PETARD (It. petardo), a warlike engine, charged
with oomlwstibles -and appllio4 to -break down
wall, gs,, &c. of fortified places.
7UecomjvsgrpeSard, that tears
Down all porteullise s of ears.
PETER SE MEENNE, a Span"s wine, sometimes called
Peter so mee, frequently me~ntioned in the old
drama.
PeIer-oe-sse shall wash thy sow1.
0. Pvt Tun MrA.4zen GOrrer.
Apea f Cza~wiLvne- a potte- ot Peter sasopmene q
0. P. Tnz HoNXST WNoaw.*
PZTRMOWEL     (F. petri~n4), a handgunj, used by horse
*Lthe, withpetroacl UpAWr?4
04"ted of shied, thi44ftw receiv'd.




ETYMOLOGICAL DIfCTbO1NARYM0


363


PICw-PELLow (60oM pew and fellow), one who sits
in the same pew with another; figuratively, a
companion, or onve engadged in some difficulty or
undertaking with another.
And makes her pew-fellow with others moan.
K. RICH. Ill.
PHEERE. See ",,Fere."
PHIE8E (F.feaser), to whip or. beat with rods; to
flog the breech.
An he be proud with me, I'11 pheese his pride.
T~oi. AND Cahasg.
PHRAMPEL.      See "9Frampold."     It appears that it
is used rather in the sense of mettlesome, Jn th.
following.quotation.
Are we fitted with gooaphra'se 1jades? (C. # ornes.)
0.?P. Tits I*Aass~ GIRL*
PicCA D-ILLEi (F.), rormerly, the high collar of a coat
or doublet.
Ready to dast at one whose band dts i11,
A~nd then Iemp *ad OA a nssstpiceedff.
PiaMkto   (F pique), finicattly smart, or sp'rucee in
dress.
'M~ls such apicked fellow, not a hairs
A&bouth Is whole bulk but It Atands in print.
0. PiALl. POqLs.
Pt0KT HATCiR. This was a cant word, iD the time of
Queen Elizabeth, for a part of the-town, supposed
to be Tunmnwil1 Street, Clerkenwell, then noted forhouse of ill famne. To go to the, -manor of pickt
beath; was said of peronms frequen'tin' th brotbel*
there. The term *as derived Irbni the hatcb or
half door, 16, hofses of Ihis descrption', being
LI 2~.




364


364A GLOSSAI!AL AND,


guarded with iron spikes, as~the houses of sheriffe.
officers-are at this time.
To your=or of pickt ech go.
M. WrvTs OF WiN9195O0
Set some picks upon. your hatch,, and I pray profess to keep a
bawdy house.
CUPTID'S WHIRLIGIG.
PICQUEERt (It. poicc~are), to rob, plunder., or pillage;
to skirmish previous to, a fray.
NO sooner could a hint appear,
But up he started to picqzueer.
PIED (F. pie), spotted or variegated.
When dauleapWed, mad violets blue.'
Loui's LAs. Losv.
PIEL'D (L. pilatut), shaven, bald, from whenceepeel,.to take off the skin,, is derived.?ti'~d priest, dint thou Command me to be shut out?
2 P41? 1. HEVI. vix..
PIXu  Pownzi,j aco'urt of summnary justice, held, in,
ikir, to " ttl   Vhp-0~ 41- pAsi                 s re
sorting there.. TheU etymology is doubtful, but
Elaikstlonde derives it from pied pui1dreaux, a. petty
Chapnian.
Have Its proceedings dlsalow'd,, or
Allow'd at fancy of Pte-peWder.
HVhsrnzsAa.
P.IGSNEY   (S. piaa term of endearment, applied
to a female,.
she   s pmecs'pi.
CnAvc~jR's MiLLxR'S TALs.
"    tis, zn j onpggeie, thou shalt hears ne'ws of Danietas.
Six P W. Srnnsr't ARcAviR&.
PI~EE(8.~khe), Anciently) -a. dress. ot~ wanwIe,
made of skins; the term is still, in uss to dejiotao
pert of the z4umsry dres of ela ifante




BiTMPtMX1AL M1014fGARY.


Her kirtle', h& pil~eheof Ona5&,*  '''
Her kerchiefs of sil, her smock of fine. (i. e. linen.)
Roq. air Talk SEVEN RS0oi.
PILE (L. plurn), the bead of an arrow;
-His opw arbentý,
Th.e pil was of a horse fi~rs tongu e. DATN
PILL   (F. piller), to Aie'ce, ro b, plunder, or pillage.
The comumos hath he piid with grievo~u taxes.K. Ricn. ir.
PrLLOW AlKRE (S.) a cover or case for a pillow.
For ithi mae had he pi~bi~o~ re,,
Which,, as he maid, wa our ladie's vaile.
CHAUCERR'S P. TO PARDONNHR's TALe1.
PIMECNT- (L. pigmenteum), a drink, made with wine,
mixed with honey and spices.
And dronke wine and eke pgnz Veat.
Roms. oir K. ALISAUNDRE...e let therefore. to drink ola~rle
Orpimenst maked fresh and new.
CNAuc~a'ts Roms. OF THE ROsB.
PITH   (S. pythaý), the marrow      of plants; but figuratively, strength, energy, or power, whether mental or Corporeal.
Yet she, with pithy words and counsel sad,
Stil strove thet? sudden rag to revdkco.
And enterprizes of great pith and m6ment.
PLACKET     (Su. Goth. plaggr), a petticoat..
YOU rlght have pinch'd a ptackcet, itwat senseless.
PLAIN' SONG. Se Prick Song.".
PLANCHf     (F.;Pnzvcler), to cover with        boairds, to
path.  ft,6aext remedyr, In such a case and hap,
is toplewnche on a-piece as brod as My caoi.
0. P. GAN. (JLITON'S NIIDDL1.
13




3"


Ai-GAMSOIA~r1 AND-.


And to the vineyad insapliatwhedgate.
MXAg. wOR MSlAR.
FLAT (Su. Goth. plU), plain, open, without dis-~
guise; flat, to signify down' Aght,' is still u~sed, and
is probably a corruption.,
And furthermore I will tell thee alliplat?,
That vengeanc shall not part fro tIM, house.
CEAUC*R'S PARD0?kRtex TALC-.
And puuff sadt as in this inatter
Avafleth neither request nor praler.
LyDGaATS' HIRT. Tauzis.PLEACH (F. pleseer)o to interweave branches of trees
together.
The prince and count, walkin in a thick pleane~d alley.
Mdcu ADO ABOUT NOTSIieO.PuLl (F.plier),; to bend.
Tyrannes whose hertes no pitee
Way to, no point of mercy pie.
Gowant's CoiV. Am.
It wold rather bruit in two than pile.
CNu&UCaa' C. 01 OIZNFORD's TALK.
PLOWMELL, a wooden hammer,, formerly fixed to -a
plongk
The cb~rmn of a plowmetl,
And the schadow of a bell.
Maxi ToUR*AKNNT OF TomwHAsr.
PLYMOUTH CLOAK,, a eane or* walking staff. The
origin of the phrase is, that persons coming, from
long voyages, and landing at Plymouth, are guene
rally hborit of apparel, and, havi*ng "no cloak, provide
themiselves with a walking stick; for it is the custom to walk with a stick whendrest on*ly in'cuer,
but not so if provided with a cloak.
04HII W! wal Ip alvt?Lplps kv ]*oak   a rogue In My hose and
dloublet, a",& Mrb bee cudgel in my hand?
0-i1P. TRX liONXsV Wacax, 2 PART.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*    6


367


POINT DEVISE (F. poinct and devise), a device or
pattern worked with a needle; but figuratively,
great nicety or exactness in any person or thing.
I hate such insociable andpoint device companions.
Lovx's LAs. LosT.
You are rather point device ia your accoutrements.
As You LIxx Ir.
POINTEL (F. pointille), a style or peneil for writing.
A paire of tables al of iverie,
And a pointel polish'd fetously.
CEAUCRa's SOMPurNo7's 'IA&Z.
POINTS, tags made to fasten up or keep together
the apparel, previous to the introduction of buttons; those worn by the higher classses were of
silk; and it appears by an act of K. Hen. VIII. no
man under the rank of a gentleman was to have
his points ornamented with aiglets of gold or silver.
To fltter Caesar, would you mingle eyes
With one that ties his points?
ANTa. AND CLUoP.POKING STICKS. These articles, made of steel, were
used by laundresses in plaiting the fashionable
ruffs worn in the time of Queen Elizabeth.
Your ruff must stand in print, and for that pumpose, get
pokineg stick with fair long handles.
0. P. BLWRT, MASITRL CoNStM&a.
POLT FOOT, a distorted foot.
Then thou art a fool, for my eldest son had spolifoot.
0. P. TaB HONesT Woxas.
POMANDER (F. pomme d'ambre), a perfumed ball,
formerly carried in the pocket, worn about the
neck, or suspended to a string from the girdle, as
a guard against infectious diseases.




368


s68      A CLOSSAMtAL ANI~r


A god PeUmeder, a lttle decayed In the scent.
0. P. Titz MALCONTENT.
POMERWA ThR, a species of' apple, tparticularly juicy.
mpes aponewa~r. Lorx's LAB. LOST.
POMPAL (F. -xampe), pomnpous, ostentatious.
My pompal tate alid ogllay goods.
0. B. K. LEARX AND Hps DAUGHTERS.
PONzrrr (It. poaenk*), western.
Forth rush'4 the Levant and the ponent winds.
PAR. LosT.
POOift J01114. a fish, called hake, dried and salted,
from, fPautwe Jetsn, the French name ror this fish.
0. P. ANT. AND?AEL!IDA.
I* keep them under ~with red herring a~nd )'or Jokn anl the year round.
0. P. OSUSX9as Las? WILL.
PopELOTE F popeli"n), a term of endearment to a
woman, It 4arliusg.
ga0 y aLpwqpel # or o ray~wombl
CEA'UCE'0R-'S' 'IILLER'5 TALI.
PoinmAiv (ffpapoja).         This bird is said    by Dr.,
Jehnsh 6nd others to be ai parrot, but Chaucer
anentiirnk it- as a singing bird;~ it seems doubtful
what gort. ofbird. wav mnvwt by the term, but it
had a gaudy plumage, and th 'e worrd was generally
mued to signify a trifler or fop*Now let us ftm spin to laoaary
That In the glarde with his fwai bsev,
Slhip*tksuerler than the popinsgaj*.
CEAUCER'S MERCUANT's TALM
A"-bdso 101e9sM W. b& pololoift
Answer'd vegleet"Jys*y I know not. what.
I 11AXT K. liZu. TV.
Pwr4AI~cz (Rpvpb't.. ')       AO carGiaf~heeternal
appearance*




BTYMODLOGW AL'DICTIONARY.  36


Mgt


His Portasunce terrible, and st~ature tall.
PORT CANONSPUSEJ1it'sP. QuweV.?ORAO, a 'sort of boot, or rather boot top.,,
coern  th.nes imported with other fopperies
from France, in the sixteenth-century,, called canon#.
dý chau-9se8.
He walks in his port canons, like one that stalks in long grass.
BUTL*JI'5 RasAISs.,
PORTUSE, a word of doubtful derivation,, probably
from F. porlea tZous, from being eeAsly carried; a
breviary or mass book. It is spelt in various ways
by old. author.; as, portia, portus,, porthose, &a.
Let me s"0 your perleus, Patle Sir John.
0. 35. LvSTY Juvzxrus.
Rvon with this peetnee I wil hattre thy heade.
0. 1. T~s Nsw Cmmurxe.
Posz (S. gepoee), a rheum or defluxion of humoiit
from the nose.,
Ift.--.H spketh through thWekno,
CeAUcua' litvi's TAM,.
Sifttle rheum or pue; he lacked nothing but a handkereble(.
0. P. MoTecR SOBeNi..
Poswv, -(F. baaeinet), a little basin or porringer;
Then ikelietspas, roe'. eote put on..
To snake them porridge witbout nuftm.
Cvowo's Vsa.. T*AT.
Possrr- (L. p4olue), milk turned into curds with wine
or ale, and drank warm; it was anciently a custom
to take a potation of -this kind previous to retiring
ta rest for the nighth
-I've drugged their powtrv
That death and nature do contend about them.
My aug~io~ei sla~lo~ po m u eon t *e hen thou




370


370.      A GLOOSARAL4LANID


POST.,The sheriffs of London had, in old times, a
post before their doors, upon which it was cus.*
tomary to affix, proclamations: this was one of the
indications of their office.
I hope my acquaintance goes in chains of gold.-the podse of
his gate are a painting too.
0. P. Tux SloweST WRoRM.
If e'er I live to see thee sheriff of London,
0. P. WISw WownDRn.
POST AND PAIR,. atn old game at cards, somewhat
reseembling brag.'
if yot caniot agree on the game, to pout and pd,.
0. P. A WOMA4 XI(LLN1D WITH KIwND*n8s.
F04TULATBS (L. poet ult um), poshion assumed with-.out proof.
I moan by peshalete i11atoa
Whan you oshel aft IuS* MOM*ek
POTCH    (F. pocher), to thrust or push
1I~potch athbim some way,
or wrath or ttaft AY gtt hbia
ColtIoLANV46
POTEOA~'t.  Th~ *otdis derived fronm the Spans
b", "0*V W ch signifies the shop of.,a vendor of
medicine, as distinguished frtm    a t 'ravelling empiric., 1J, ýderiva tio  in Gono    and others from
the Greek apotheca., a repohitory, ismncotreot..Thel
modern. vtord-.apothecary is an absurd redundancy,,
and unknown to our ancient writers; (row Chaucer.down to the reign of Queen, Elizabeth, and ltr
itý was unifornily and cowrrectly spelt pothecart or,
GU~moax's FAaxoxua~s T*.I*u.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


371


Ye wote wel that petgcearjy walk very late.
0. M. 07r HYCKE SCoRNER.
May not a potJyrery~cawe lii by stelth
0. P. Txtz Fouit P.'9.
POTENT (low Lat. potentia), a crutch or walking
staff.
So was he lean and thereto pale anid wan,
And feeble that he walk eth by potent.
CHAUCER's Taol. ANDi CasesS.
POTIERNER (F. pautonniere), a pouch-or shepherd's.
sci.  He plucked out of his petermsrv
And longer wold not dwell,
He plucked out a pretty manUe.
0. B. The1 Boy AND TN* MANTL5&
POTSHARE and POTSHERD, pieces of broken tiles
or pots, from share, to break or divide,
They hew'd their helmes, and plates asunder brake,
As they hadpo$ukeav bee
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
POUKE, a fairy, spirit, or hobgoblin, whi~ch Shak-.
speare calls Puck or Robin Goodfellow,
I wips Spr Kynge, sayd Syr Fouke,
I wene that kunyht was a pouke.
Rom. or Ricii. CQsiii DE& Liom.
POULTER (F. poou4et), one who,sells fowls uncooked;,
th'Is is the' briginal and correct way of spelling the
word 'The Company of Potdter, were incorpo..
rated bythat name by K. Hen. Vill.
Hoag ine by the heels for a'poudter'a hare.
14a Lls. IV.
He sleeps a horseback, like a poulter.
0.. P-TuE Wwzvu Devttn.
POVOviT AIOx (F. poineonr),, A small box, made
with open work on the lid, to keep perfume.
A" 'twix his fluge and his thumb
A peunce 6.w, which ever anid -anon
a@ OveIds nose.           I PARLT IK. HXW, I Y.




472


A GLOSSARIAL ANID


POWDECR. To powder meat, is to salt it to keep "it
rrom, putrefaction, a word not yet disused; a
powdering tub,; is a vessel used for pickling beef,
pork, &C.
If thou embowel me to day, V'll give you leave to powdeýrale,
and eat me to morrow.
I PART K. HuEY. zv.
I'OYNET (F. poing onnet), a little bodkin or puncheon,
-used by ladies at the toilette.
Women have maeny lettes;
As, frontlettes, fylettes, partlettes, and braceletteojAnd then their bonettes and their poysettes.
0. P. Tun Fouat P~'s.
PRtANK (Du. pronken), to decorate, Adress,,or adxorn.
Some preaske their- ruff% and others trimuly 4ight
Ther gay Attire.
SONuwima's F. QVaIC~.
Half prankf with spring,, with summer half embrown'd.
TuohisaN's C~sir. OF INDOLENCE.
PRJMGNANTf F. pregnan), readyý, Witt'y, 'dextrous;
also, in another sense, plain, dlear., evident,,
My matterbatth no voice, lady, but,to your pregnant and
vouchsaed ear.
TwRLPTB8 NIGHT.
How pregnant sometimesids replies areiý
A good~pregnan felow, 'faith.
0. P. Thu Wiuow's Tsmm.
1JRRVst (P4prM).,This word is a singu~lar instance
of the fluctu'ation of language; in 'Its old sense, it
denoted to be ready or prepared, and, a preatman
was one me4y and willing, for a stipulated considerationa, to march at command: the reverse of this
is now understood -by. the -word.
Devise what jastihas tbat ye think Witt
And make ye sue to tadm at 1et.
0. Ps Tax Foux Vs




EJwTYM9L:OG-1CAt -DICTIONARY. O


3713


And-11gkteWn*to~erve hire
We see also poest..
0. VinE. 104 PSALM.
They, priceeo prestl* 1nti Me- beg.,
0.,24 -"AM DU3LL, liC.
JPR11YNT- (L. prevenia), to anticipate or forestall;this Latinim"S i's frequ'ently us~dl by e'arly, wrtiters id
this nowobsolete'se-nse of the- word.
Yet, but that I am prevented,
I should have begg'd I might liave been employed.
PIIicniCN, hard- riding; ýpaobv~bl-y at termw     Ornmeiy
used in h~inting, from pricking, i. e. traing the
steps of the game. A yeoman pricker is still ant
officer attached to the royal hunt.
A gentle knight wars pricking o'er the ploin.
Parcxs, the marks, placed f6r shooting in archery;
an hw~le wand was commonly put up, and called a
Pricikwanl.
Thhzs Umn lAqhl shot at the prieke,.
lHe miss'd an inch it fro.
0.3We U0314 HlOOD Amb evy o, Gfw~m3.
PaRICK SONG, a s'ong the bvss~ny Of whiA~h was
written ~r pricked down., in wntraditoetion to
tlte plaijt song, which1 being chiefly confined to'
church music, adttitte& *of no, vaiations,
I would have an overs begin and~end theirjpfm We,* Swith
Dost tinb I have not leArt rnkprick song?
0. P. RAN ALLNy.
Paipse, a word freupently used by early writers- to
signil'y thefiAwe part Of the, d*w that is, the first
quarter after sunrise.
KIK




874


374      A GLOSSARtIAL AND


7%o had there no man gryt
Till that odet day at prnise.
Roms. or Ricits. COzUa nx Ltosl.*
He fought with Sir Eglamour the knights
Til the third day atprwtme.
0. B.%Sta EGLAMOURL. op Aavois.
PPIMJVA0 (k. prj~mi*4o), a fashionable game;            ad
in the reig n of Queen Elizabeth.
Ii ave never prosper'd since I forswore myself *at primero.
Mi. WIVES OF WINDSOR.
Pati~cox -(L.pra'cox), a spoilt or forward child, a
bey affetting the manners and actions of a man.
Thlnkest thou I have no logique, Indeed;.thinkest thd 60o1
Yes, princocke4,, that I have for fortle years ago.
0.I' Tux Nuw CUSTo31.
You are a primoxi-go.
ROMs. AND JUL.
PRoDIToR (L. proditor), a traitor or betrayer.
I do, thou most. usnrpipg prod~ar.,
And riot protector of the king or realm.
PROFAOK9, -a salutatio 'n of wolcome, or         -mutch good
may it do you,-" often found in old writers, said to
be derived from the French, but the Italian buon
rovifacci     is much nearer the English p~hrase.
rrPreJte gentle geistenien, I am sorry Ilsave no batter cates
to present you with.
4                       Tax Taxsssssvo or Tusto. NASa.O
0. P. Taxs Wwzow's TeARs.
PROI.N (1P. p',ro~t'g~ner). to prune, lop,, cut,, or trim.
]He ketabetih bhn, he pr*e9net, and he piketh.
CkzAubXma'r MxBRCHANT's TALE.
Az!4ionqstjwoin"r of our countr vizqes.
0. P. Tpisa Dumss lKXsssss1
PROLZLTARZAN. (L. prokitw)*s) vulgar, Vile,. Ow,
mean.




ETYMOLOGI-CAL IflCTI'ONARY.  7


375


Portended mischiefs further than
Low proletarian tything-men.
HUD15RWAS.
PROLOGUVE..1 See "Black Cloak."
PROPtR (F. propre), handsome, comely, personable..
Upon. my life, she finds, although I cannot,
My'stif to be a marvellous proper man.
K. RICH. iii.
This Ludovico ibra proper man.
OTHELLO.
PROPERTTES,- thie dresses and other necessaries usedi
in' a theatre, the keeper of which is yet stiled the"
property man.
In the Mean tfime I will draw a bill of prop"Hetle.
bMws. NIGH1T's DaANAsi
Black patches for our syoui and othew'prepertiea.011 P.- ALUAsZsA,
PROVAND      (F. provende), food, provender,
Who have their provansd
Only for bearing bufthens.
All our provast I apparel torn to rags,
And our. munition fail us.
0. P. AmpusJ ANDS VIRORYiA.
PftowE (F. prots), profit,, advantage.
As homely an he rideth aMont you;
If ye knew him, It wold bee for your prow.
CHAUCER'S CUIAqN~oH Yzo. TALEt.
FNOWE      (F. preux), brave-, -valiant; ýpre weet., the
superlative or most valiant.
Where also proof of thy prow va]Uiazce
Thou then shall make.
The proweet knight that ever ifield did fight.
PjtUNqES (STEWED). Dishes of stewed prunes were
kept in brothels, and were Thought to be niot onJ$
a cure-but a preventative ofthe diseases contractedý
there,.




376  1.A     1AMSAX&AL, AND
This it she that W1eswinit a*)th~vwtk*'-*w enchos new:
come up to London, and youibl knowhier dwelling by a
dish of.#ewed prw~ss ip the. win ow. R~v'sM~a
Peace! two dighes of etew'd~pruwie, a b~aw4, and a pandar.
0. R. Thu Hokrs'or WisOal.
PUCK    FOIST, a species 4f fungi, tile lZ1,operdo*s
bomif a, round like % ball, and contajining a dark
powder, cal led also a fuzz ball. The word 4s
used as' a term of contemrptj, and. sometimes spelt
-What. pride
Of pamper'd blood has mounted up this puck foiet?
0. P. 3Mu*2 DtasssiaLpas 3macaS1 WoXIM30,
PýUGGING, &;.anat word suppoied to mue= thieving,.
as Puggaid is used by s~we of the old dramatio
writers to s ignify a thie r.
no he wb~t~eet blobft#.aa the hedge.Roth set my pugging tooth on edge.   'TL
Pvxi& (L. pullue),.;i e olour between russet and.
black, -now caledpuce.
Wilt thQu rob.6 tJslMhazM a ria, carystel button, nott pated,,
apat ring, pske stackig, &Ac.
Iý PART K. UhX. IV.
IPULINcG (Fpiaulor), in a vhimpermng or whirpilg
tone.
To speak puli4~, like a beggar.
Two 0aiNrS. OF VzaONA.
P.UJLAIW (0. R~. VUlai#),. Poultry.
-A. 63*4hdref
That came, like a loxe, my puilain to kil.
0~P. QA)L. GUygTO)S NSIMZ3.U
PuLP4TOOW,(rozU lpu~mwainstumz),! delica*&es
I then senttorth o fresh suppy of rabbits,
~im, &. ltta~rsih teop of pulpatebn
Mackaroons,~&C.  0. M~n.a. or ~acses




]tYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


17-7


PVMY.     The small-round stones Ibund at tbe bottomr
or on the bank of shallow streams are, in several
counties, called purny stones,' prfobably derived
from the F. pomnzeau,. a round knob, from whence
pomey denotes a round ball in heraldry. Dr. Johnson, not being able to find the word in the old
glossaries, arbitrarily changed it to pumice stone,
and defined it to be the cinder ofa fossil;. his own
quotation from    The Sheplierd'# -1alendnr,, might
have convinced him     that he was wrong, both in
the word and its definition. 'IVodd'hts left it without further illustration.
And fast beside there trickled softly doWidF
AKgentle streme, whose murmuring wave did play
Emong the pump stones. -
SpzNsna's F. QUEEIN.
So long I shot, that all Was spent,
The pumie stones I hastly hent,
And threw,. &c.
SPENSER'S SHIP. CAL.
PUNigE (F. punaiie), the house bug.
His flea, his morpion, and punese.
HbnIablas.
PtURcuAsE (0. F.purchaser), a term          in law, signifying acquired property, in conttadistinction to
that descended or inherited.; it was also a cant term
for stolen goods.
Of nightly stealths and pillage several,
Which be. had got abroad by purchase criminal.
SI;uNSERa'sF F. Qu
For what in me was purchased,
Falls upon thee in a more fairer sort.
2 PART K. flxEN. Iv.
KK3




Puing.~ (P. utiou~r) to, oftezaet with DOWNlOr
*6tk, to embMWerd~.
I~i WWAS wrpwU40t th4 hogM.
CHAUCER'S Mowxans TALE
Ot gbd~heirpuirfle4 vast,
LAY OF SIR LANYAL.
VURL~iCU   (P.), und~er itle ol d forest laws., was a
-piece. of ground, near a forest, which. "Was exempt.
from th~e forest laws, by 4len. Ill. by perambulation, whereby the' part to exeMpt was disaff'orested,
and c~lled pou r all~ee, froim whence purlieu is'de,,
riv'ed.
Where, in the purlileu* of GU* feftat tads
A sheep cot;. fenc'd about with olive trees..
As You Liii IT.PURSENET, (from purs~e aid ade), a purse, the mouth;
of which is dxawn alose by a striac.
Thos two edtfles wil woefttteft" MO Usuruene.
0.1J. 27299 HONEST W5oaz.
PURTENANCEC (L. perlinee), the pluck or intestingd
of an animal.
AAt fr thils time, I will only handle the head and purtenenoe.
The shaft atainst a ribdid glancej,
And 0119'd him in *be partenisce.
Pt~st ' (L. puatida), a pimple or eraption.
His face was like the ten of dismeais,,
Pointd eah "at wit Ap"Ashe
0.1 IN *S. D'OLIYE9.
PUTEYN     ('.pI.na harlot. ''This'word, as well
as h.$$,. was anciently applied both to male and
female,




ETYMOLOGICAL -bWT1*O11-KY...


o ftf~tour! IFYVI a pv*!
Why hadthy wife be me la In
ROM. OP TU8 SevENb SAGISS'
PUTTOXJK (L., hutte)-p a ispecios of degeuerate, hawk..
a buzzard,.
UIuSan'~s F. Quitux.
*   I chose an eagle,
And did avoid a puttock.
QUAIL (Teu, qttelen)', to' faint or languish, to be de'.*
jected.,
Yet did he never quail,
Nebtackvar4l shrink.
Sesusaa'X. Qc0  r
And let not search and inqulsitlon quail,
To buisg again *to"~ foelli tuimna s.
As You Lixu IT.
QUART D'RCU. See "Gardicue."
QUATI, a pustale'or pimple, which Shakspeare ap.pliest byf a figare-of laflguap', ts Roerigo aM am
irritable, person.
I have rubb'd this young quat alaoit to the sense,
And'he grows angry.                    HRO
QUEAN (S., cwen.), a girl or woman, noti originally'
used iia- a ba.dsense, though- now understood to -be,
a- feiale of low.e an& debauched mnarni'rs,
A- wibk, a qucanian old comeing queen.
E Wving or Wnwws.QUEARE (0. F. cayer), a book o? qmluatty of paperfolded, from hence "k moderna word quire,




Soo,


A- GLOSOAR1AL ANrW'


To cutte the winter, night and make it short.,
I tooke. a queare and left all other sport.
CRAUCER's Taox. AND CaxCss.
Quiusy, a word of uncertain derivation,*.but denot.'
ing sickness or nausea.
And they did fight with queaiamee constrained,
As men drink potions.
2 PART K. lIEN. ly.
QUED     (T1eu. quad), harm, evil., Wickedness., mis-.
chief. A man who, goes- to prison irs said, in the,
jlresont day, 1" to go to quad.'
And the cross that cbrlat was on ded,.
That brought in all1ro the qued.
Rom., or Ricn. CsEUR-D- Ltom.
Nor thou, thota trator, ahalt me lead
~To thy duke that is full of luede.
0. B. Guy or WARWICEYQuExiCR, a thick or busby copse;. quick, as applied,
to a hedge, is &erived from this word, as being aý
fence made with livin       plants      e   'Quc
-Yet where (behind some queich)
lHe breaks his gall andrutteth -with his kind.
0. PAjasy n'Areaoisa.
QUREINT    ($.,cwenean),' extinguished, quaenohed,
Where, as it cOmeth, the fire is queind.
'Gorwsa'a Cos,, AIC.
That other fire was queilste.,.
CBAUCZIOS KNIGHT99 T.
QUELL (S. cwdlan), to mnurder, kill, or destroy;,
murderers were axdiceftly. ','lredmainiquellers.
tn'~ny ofies  ih hallbear the guilt of our great quell."
MACIAST1.
Ashtdi qseiWu ki~d aWoislans qseile.
2 PART K. lIEN. IV.
QUEmU:(S.- cvweman), to please.
Theastevwad tookrlht goW yemd6
To serve., King Richard to queme.,




ETYP04DAG~IC41 bWMfOI,&R.       38


sell


Sona~el ise q44*set. OwasCn
QUERN.      ewe'r) a hand mill.
But now is he put in Vubsoina ýeame
Where.. as they mvdalbum at a querwergrid.
CHAUCER'S MONVKXS PROL.
QTJERPO (Sp.. cuetrpo),, a waistcoat 'or dress closely.,
adhe'ring- to;the body; figuratively, unprepared,
defenele~es.
E~pos'd in quserpe to their rWr,
Without my arms and equipage.
4uu~rr   F   queaoe), a- aear~h., inquiry, or exoiminals
tis;  mtod U an' inquirevr or seavher.
To sesirch you out*
QuoiK (8.,.wiaW)t to -stir or be a-live, heooe tIM oki
terms the 0q'anrd- t     & dad.
Withw~~4          heI      bOnmd4
That once he could niot move, norq..frh at ati.
BrmiSSuS's F. QVuxV..
Quwany. (Iow-Lat. quiddivas), a subtilty, a shrewd
ar. 4VAPtO   quiesWie; also" a scholastictermt, an
answer to, the tisstiots qui~d am I metaphysical
abstractfion'. the essence6 or being or a thng.
How flow, MW v What at SWt quIpsi *A, % quiddUies?
Where Qntityr and quiddity
M9IiI8ASO
QUILLET (L. 1064414,4)., a aiatle nicety or petty
artifice, 'gensr&ly: *ppllod to, law, chicano; hence
quibble is derlived. 'Warburtont's derivation of
the word from the Frenich 4Q~i eat, it fakociMI;




4V492 2
00


$82'A -GLOSSARIAL X1*V


and Peek's suggestion in his Critical Notes 0nV
S/akspeare'a Pittys, is altogether erroneous:
But in thewe nice sharp quLdletg of the law,
Good faith, I am no wiser.than a daw.
2 PART K. 11XN. Vt--
Oh! some authority how to proceed;
Soeat tslekeL".ome quilfrtthowto dheatthe deliil
Lovs's LAS. Los~r..
QUINTAIN, an ancient game, said to be derived from
the British gwyntyn, a vaner. An: upright post
was fixed to the ground, having at the top a move-,
able figure of a mtan,- holding a shield, an& somea
times a plakin board, and at the other end a heavy
sand bag s th. player rode or run at- full speed,
and attemptad to strike the figure-or boar, which,If not done dexterousily, he was struck. and, overl
thrown by a blow~fam the sendl.be
Ie 1 4SAG  fSESSUIR          A IYt ov 14W1 I-fr
As they VAtl~ts, so~ we at qah$int4i tet.
Quip- (Br cwij), a bitiago sarcasm, 'a g'1be or jeer.
And notwlthetandkVr alithar uaddiia p.4., -
7te jeast whqre~of would qasli a isvorea hope,
Two QK*rs. ei VUROOTA,
Quipe wd crako and Wanton wiles".
MMON~o's V.AL&xito.
QV0oir (F. coeje), it cap or hood,.w~orn as a covering,
for the be*ad.
GOldft fa~fet-and tomachors.
WIrTRIaS TAlm.
Hnpthou scl   t~
Thou art a guad too wanton Wo the head.
t FAX? K I[a. Atir. I
Sooz  8      Coine.."




STYMODLOGICAG DIMfOIIARY.   8


883


R.
RAAO(IF.,rab at), to readuce or bring down, a word
applied to the ruff or folded down eollar of a shirt
or shift,
Tr9th, I think your other rabalo were~better.
MUCH Avo ABOUT NOTHING..
That rebato becomes thee singularly.
B3. JONSON'S CYNTMSA'Ss Rxvx~.Le
RACH (S. raec), a dog used in hunting,
The fairest that was in all that londe,,
With ejauutes, lymeris, and rarAis free.
RACK (URelg.. rahkle), th-e track' in which the etauds
move.
We often see against some storm.A silence in the, heaven, the Tack stand still.
HAMLECT.
The doubtful rack of heaven
Stands without motion., and the tide undriven.
IlaYDR.N..
'RA&GERIEM (F. rage), wantonness, lasciviousness,
And I wa~s yonge and full of ragerie.
Cssiuc*a's WIPE oir BATU'S PRn.
Women ben full of ragerie,
Yet swlirken not sans secreste.
PPot's IMs. OF CsIAUCER.
RAIIED.    See "IAraled"#
ItAILE (0. F. raier), to How in a stream.
Lege floods of blood adowuse their sides did raile.
SrsNSza's P.
The purple drops downe railed.
FAIRFAX.
RAKE.. This -word is unquestionably derived from
the 8.- race, a' hunting dog, probably a species of
grceybound, and hence the term           "a' -lean   a# a




S4IV OMA G                IARL AIM
r-ake" had reference to the spare body of that animal. Johnson, without authority~o supposes rtake
to mean a cur dog; and, Steevens ludicrously sup"poes the proverb to ow      it   rgnt.teipieda
went uised in makiya     weitaryi.t          hei
As lene was his hors as Is a rake.
CHAUCER'S PRO. TO CANT. TA~isa.
MHs bodyleumn and meagrose, a-rdke*
Sruxsxwa's F. QuEEN,.
Aiesia as rake in everY Abt.
CHURCHYARD's Disc* ON MAN'S LIFE-.
RAICEL, hastyxursh, inconsiderate       a woxd signifying
the same as-roe/len, careless; the S. regol, denotJingrule, or order, and rekeleo (as it is sometimes
spelt), the contrary.
For every wight that has a howle to founds
He renneth nat the work for to beginuie
With rakel honde.
CHAUCE1R'S Taot. AND CRESS4
0! rakel hornle, to do so fauls anis..
CHAUCER'S MAYCIPLE's TALE.
RAMAGE (0. F.), literally, the boughs or branches
of trees; but"figuratively, rude, wild; kliy,' savage.
He is not wise no sage
No more than Isla gote ramage.
CIIAUCEA'5 ltOis. OP THEN ROSE.
RAMP' (S. rempen), to leap,. spring, or paw, a~s an
unruly anjimal; as a substantive, it denoted a rude
and boisterous fem a"le.'
Wba sbe- comes home, she rampeth in my facet
And crieth, *Wse coward, Wreko thy Wife!
CssA17csas MON3ES PRO.
'Then foming taxre, their bridles they would' cbapsp
Anel, trminp$MC the fine tiemendt; would Aereeiy ramp.
Nay; fy on thee, thou ramp., thou ryg,,




ETYMOLOGICAL -DiCTIONARY. &


3.86


ZLAMPALLIANi, a term of vulgar abuse, of noa definite
meaning.
Away, you scullion!I you rdmpallianlI you fustilarian!
2 PART K. SUNK. IV.,
'Tis not your saussage face, thick clouted eream rampalio~s
at home, that snuffles in the nose.
0. P. Gitsz~z's Tu Qvogia.
RANCK (&.), violently, fiercely.
The seely man, seeing him ryde so ranscke
And aynie aXt him, fell flat to grounde.
Srzxsz*'s F. QVNNJi~.
RANDON (F. ran donner), to run swiftly, to go without stop, or -restraint.
Voide of such stayes as in your life do lye,
Shall leave them free to risndon.
0. P. FXaaau9 AND PoaxsiX.
RAtP (L. rapio), to strike With ertasy or amnazement.,
to affect with rapture or astonish.
What, dear sir,
Thus raps you?-'are you well?
CYK*XLZKNJ.
You rap me. still. a-uew...     Wss
lIARCAýL   (S.), a le~a beast, but -%ore -particularly it
lean deer.
The noblest deer hath them (i. e. horns) as huge as the rascal.
4          Ai You Lixac 116
If we be English deer, be then In blood,
Not rascallike, to fWl down with a Pinch.
I PART K. HBX. Vt.
RASH -(It. rasclhiare),- to- 'Cut, slice, -or. divide; a*
slice of bacon is still called a ra&%er
And thr oagh the thickesit, likt Rlla lio, fe,
RtAinug -off heiniesp and yV~ing plate$ asonder.
RATIA '(S. rath), early, soon, betisnes.
What, Absolon, what, for Chriates awete tres
Why tise y'e so,reafh
CRAUCXIR'$ MILL11a's TALEC.
LL






336     A GLOSBARIAL AND. -


Prin the rathepnmroue, that forsekan dies
MILTON'S LYCIDAS.
RAUGJIT (the participle passive of the' S. rcecan),
taireaab'.
That raqhft at outiswith outstretehed arms.
SPART K. HECN. VI.
She raught the cane,
And with her own sweet hand'se gave it irie.*
0. P. TAxCREDM AND GismUNDA.
RAVIN    (S..reafian), to eat voraciously or greedily.
Like rats. that ravin down their proper bane.
MJBAs. SOAMMEA1.
RAY (F. raie), to streak with lines-, to mark with
stripes,
And the clean waves -with purple gore did ray.
SraNSZR'S F. QUINN.
U     ~ (&rmede),, counsel, advice, isistrtction.'
Well, if yoq.wW be ordered spd 4*;byia p'reqde0. P. GAm. GuRTON'S NEEDLE.
Himself the primrose path of dalliance treads,,
"   ei~ke not his own read.           HAMLET.
REBLxvo. ISee,," Rabato:."--
Iit"'ads(V4~,rebs), a& musical instrumient, 'having
only three stdibgs and played with a -be* as the
moder n; fiddle.
An4 MILTON'S L'ALLIGRO.
RECJt1$* T        racU),, & Sourisl4 Oft thei hUntipg horn
to call the dogwcfmm    ".*eest.
I wxI *O,% W4**To4Gd Inm UW Oslsead
Mom AxW k                 ARSUT? N6TEKIN.-:
RMCC    (1.  Mta),      to  care, heed, or mind.         See
CfRakel."
I reck sot thboug i en4d my 419f to dit.
TtO@. AND CEEZSS.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONAIRY.  8


3


RECORDZER, a wind instrument, havinig siz holes of
a less bore than a flute, approaching nearly to the
tone of the modern flageolet.
Hie hath play'd an this prologue like a child upon a recorder.
MUDS. NIGHT's DRXA.M.
RECURE (F. rectsrer), to recover or regain; it more
particularly denotes t o recover from disease or over
exertion.
That I may not attai 0!
Reessre to find of mine adversite.
CHAucZR'S CoMd?. OF T111 B3. WIGHIOT.
mhon. by LAxng thy thoughts above thtr reach foil into a
disease without -all recure.
RV CULt. The theatre'so called wa* h'itriated in
St. lohn''s Street, Clerkenw~ell, abd fa'suppbsed to
be that'ý at which Shakspeafte'vas first 'retained.
It appears from the testimon y 6f' Sir W. D'avenant
to have been of an inferior t'ank,; no ttaces of its
existence are now to be discovered, but Wood.bridg-e Street is said to be the s1pot Wvhere it stood.
The company 800t sifter the rektoft&ti6h of Chas. It.
removed to the Cockpit., in Ordfry Line, and it
does not appear that th~e Red. Bull was ever after...
wards used for theatrical represen tat ions.
Then w I 1 oaffoni bet Vith dwamIemetft 4iAwM from Wle.
plays Iasee at the Fortune Baud Red Bull., b. P. AIIUMAZAKt.
RED, Rons. L-y. a regulaxtion made during the great
p1.gue ia London, all itifboted.'bousse    weteret'b'
quired,to have l1airge ted crosnes painated, on the
doors.&kd ~windowa, and. a guard. Iwos -pked, to
L L 2.




388


388      A -GLOSSARIAL AND,


prevent:ahy person leaving the house till the expiration of forty days.
Let us -not forget ourselves ln our grief; I am not ambitious
of a red cross upon, the door.
0. P. Teaz PAtsoN's WEDDING.
REDE. See " Read."
'RED UAiRt. The Anglo-Saxons seem to have had
an inveterate 'dislike to red' hait,. which it said to
have arisen from their animosity to the Danes,
whose-hair was in general of that colour. Painters
uniformly, represented the traitor Judas with red
hair, as a mark of infamy; and innumerable in..
stances might be adduced. to, show, that this prom
judice continued     to a very. late period, and       it
cannot be said to be yet wholly obliterated.
Worse tha the poison of arod haer'd man.
0. P. BVssv D'AX5ionU,
Veth me ared bearded ssrjesnt; lUS Nmek
You, captain, think the 4evU ~of hell is come.
" It-0. P. RAse Aawuy.
REPD1:. JT.TIOE.   See "1Lattice.,".
REDOLENT (L. redolene), sweet scented,
And red.4m1 cedre,, most dare worthy digned.
CnAS7cxnR' B. 07 OuR LADlE.
REDUC E (L. reduco), to bri~ng or lead back..
A.bate the edge df traitors, gr~cious Lord,,
That would redesct these bloody days again.
1,. K. RICH, Ill.
Till at the period. of these brolis I call,
And back redwe you to grim Pluto's hall.
t                            0. P!fvamvs Ti~oxs..
BJCEV1Y, (&. recan).     Thouigh.this -word; is derived
from reek,* to smoke, yet it also denoted 'Steam or
vapour;- and in this sefnseonly can the illustration~




ETYMOLOGMAE flICTION1ARY.


3 89,


ki Johnson be understood, i. e. the mdisture arising
from heat.
The kitchen malkin pins
Her richest lockram round her reecky (i.e. sweaty) neck.
(C0RIOLANUA-,
And let him, for a pair of reechy kisses,,
Mike IYAs t6 ratel alB th~s mdttr oikt.ý
HAMLET.
REkYE~    (S.. gerefa), a steward or bailiff of a ýmanor
or franchise.
The Oe'eve he was a slender chollericke man.
CHAuc~ia's P*Ao. fo ftEvz's TALE.
REFEL     (L. re/dell), to refute.
Plow ht reftl'd me, and haw I re~lyld.
MICAS. FOR MECAS.
nuti wi not refef tfhat hre~e *hldh Shsll bb cbhfu'tetl Iheia6er'.
BSPHU*8 A4D HIS EN"LAND.
REFRAIN      (F.), the burden of a song or ballad.
EVermhore, alas!I was his refrainse.
CEATYCEIVs Tack. AN* -CRX88,
REGREET, to salute a second time.
From whom. he bringeth sensible regreets.
Yet ere myself ecovld reach Virginia's chamber,
one was before me with regeete from hiMi
0. P. Arises ANDP VIRGINIA.
Rkdtftb1oN (frtin re and guerdWr),'r~comnPensie,,
reward.                                              I
And in regwerdox of that dety done,
I gird thee with the valiant sword of York.
1 PART K. lIEN. VT.
RtLAY (0. F., rualajer)ýý as old termi in hunting) sigh',nifying the dogs kept -in reserve~tb followthJe -chase
in the place, of those, which were weAried in ther
psesait.
There overtoke I a grete ro~ut
Of lshtstekt amd of forestors,
And ma~ny relaiee and limers.
01AWACCUR'S DOREM.
L L 3




390


A GLOSSARIAL AND


REMORSE. This word is used by old Writers in the
sense of pity or compassion.
You brother mine, that entertain'd ambition,
Expelld remorse, and nature.
TEMPEST.
RENEGE (L. renego), to deny or disown. Renie,
from the O. F. renier, has the same meaning.
My gods ben false by water and londe;
I renie them all here in this place.
Sil FERvMBRAS.
Renege, affirm, and turn their halcyon beaks
With every gale.
K. LEAR.
RENVERSE (0. F.), to reverse. The word is used
by Spenser to signify the degradation of a fallen
foe, by turning his shield upside down.
Then from him reft his shield and it renerst.
SrPNXwa's F. QUEEN.
REPLEVIN (low Lat. replegio), a law term, signiTying the releasing the good distrained, or giving
security to answer at the suit of the distrainer.
At least to me, who once you know,
Did from the pound replevin you.
SHuDIBRAS.
RESPONSlILE (from     L. responsum), an answer or
oracular response.
Ye gave me once a divine responsaile
That I should be the soure of love in Troy.
CHAUCK's TaRO. AND CRESS.
REST. The phrase "to set up a rest" is said to be
derived from the old game of primero, and imported to be content or satisfied With the cards in
hand; it is generally used to be resolved or to
make up your mind to the consequences of a predetermined act.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


391


I have set up my rest to run away.
MasCB. OF ValNIe.
You that can play at noddy, you that can set up a rese at
primero, &c.
Pao. TO RaTURN PROM PAsANASUS.
RETHORE (L. rhetor), a rhetorician or orator.
And if a rethore could fair endite,
He in a chronicle might safely write.
CHAUCER'S NONNwS PRIESTES TALE.
RETRAIT (It. ritratto), a portrait or cast of the
countenance.
She is the mighty queene of faerie,
Whose faire retraite I on my shielde doe beare.
SPENSsR's F. QBuaN.
REVE     See " Reeve."
REVE (S. bereafan), to take by violence, to rob or
plunder; hence a robber was called a rever.
Where we shall robbe, where we shall reve,
Where we shall bete and binde.
0. B. A LYTEL GESTZ OF R. Hona.
REW    (S. rewa), a row, any thing placed in regular
succession, in a line.
Sitting beside a fountain in a rew,
Some of them washing with the iliuld dew.
SPaNsaa's F. QuzEN.
REYE (Belg.), a sort of dance peculiar to the low
countries.
To learn love dances, springs,
Reyes, and the strange things.
CHAUCIR'S B. OF FAME.
RIBIBE (It.), originally meant a stringed musical
instrument like a rebeck or guitar, but it afterwards became a cant term for an infamous old
woman.
The sompnour, waiting ever on his prey,
Rode for to summon an old widow, a ribibe.
CXAUCRA's W. OF BATE.




392,


'A'1LOASARItAL A140


Or some. tWPd hfbit ~ut Kfttiysh Town
Or IfOg~en, you would hang now for a witch.
" ý.I  I II.,I  %,:., B.J01VIOr s  Ijavn  &i  Ass.
RIDDLE (S.rlidddi), to plait or fold;- a sieve, from
being moade of plaited eaae, is 641i called -a riddWe.
mhe *hite ftrette rit~ted faire,
%&fth du   '
'ChAUCER's Romr. OF THE Rosz.
Rrt"l *afton~i w~omifuh, a pr~ftittte;- the word. is iot
uncertain derivation..
Nay, fy oha thee, etftI tAt*Ve tfeift
-For vilest things
Become themselves in her; that the WAY~ priesits
p~erlse  s~eIs ~ggi5, Aivt. AND a*EOP.
RIGGE (S. hf~igg),Jth 06btck) frffi *baetce th6 mvodern
word ridge is derived;. the word is stil in use i
the iiOrthe.
".~e, stedjetzO NMlM wide brn L
MO,,T: D'ARTHVR,.
RiMPLED (S. hrympelle), wrinkled.
'A rimplMt vecke (errs ronine in rage.,
P'iodning ana ye`Ilo* in tef visage.
CHAUCERt's Rom.. OF THlE ROSH,
ftf-lt'I '(16w  tAt. r'ipdrius), one       ho   caresfs
from the coast to the interior.
slave'. attery, like a, rpler's legs, roll'd up.
in boots and hay ropes.
0. P. Bussy* D'Amiozs.
P. ir ~hek WtnOW'b T:Azts q
*IVtA~t# (I1 be tos or Ah6rbl 0f the sea' or a
river.
The M    %&i10s   *f~lt,.4t hW w atel heteý
TMro'S tbrtis -utdnthe fieege tftun4 about hhhi.
SnuvsSIVs V. QUazr'.



ETYM01fOGICAL DICTIONARY.  39


393


ROARrsit.     This term    -was formerly      applied   to  a
swaggering noisy drunken iruffian.
What becomes of our rearing boys, then, that stab healths
one to another.
0. P. IF IT 539 NOT A GOODl PLAY,
TIM DEVIL'S IN IT.
ROCHET (F.), a loose coat o.r outer garment, now
only designating the surplice or upper vestment of
a priest.
There n'ls no cloth sitteth bette
On damnosel than Voth rockette.
CnAticili's Rost. or rum Ioe
RonuI (Br. rhsd), the complexion of the face-, ftomn
its general red colour.
Her lovesolus sighon, her PMde so bright.
His rode was redde, his eyes grat eas roost
- 11 ý.CUAVeua's MIuasa's TARS.
1RO-iL, to famblt or gad about; a word of uncertain
derivation', unless It may be referred to the 'Br. r/ol,
to roll.
A ran shal not sa8tr his wife-to roile about.
RoIm (F.,rogne), a scab, mange, or scurt,
Withouten blalue, or scabbe, or roine.
jI.OI8TER. (IC,.hIrisler), to behave with tuwbulence,
to swagger or bluster; so a roiiterer is a- ruffian
or bully.
Let the roistert lie
Close clapt in bolts until their wits be tame.
0. P. -FRIAR BACbm, ft.
);;y, roister, by your leave we wil away.
0. P. Tnin LONDox ftov.
RomAQR (F. ramage), a tumult, bustle, confusion,
or hurry.




394


394.A qLOSSAAZAL AND


The sBMWo of this dur wateh, n4k the chief head
Otthis post hate and romage in the land.
ROMEKIN,, a drinkinfg cup; the'word is of -no certain
derivation, unless -from, the Dutch roemer, a glass
or cup to hold liquor.
Live in full port? observ~d and wonder'd at;
*Winle everfi1wing In latge Sa~on roesldn.
0. P. To& WITS.
With that she set it to her nose,
And off at once the rumkfn goes.
CoT~roNs Vinao. TRAY.
RON YON (from the French rogne, the scab~ or scurf).
The definition of this word In Bailey and Johnson,
"ita fat bullky woman," is not warranted by 'the
authorities. quoted by the latter; it was a term of
contempt, applied. to a female, as "scurvy fellow"
was similarly, applied to a, male, -and, b9th derived
fr~om the',amo French origin, and. neither, having
particular reference to size.
Out ot'ny dcK~rs, 'YOU *Itch, Yots pdlecat, ratt see4ont
-                ~M. Wivas OF WIsrsOA.
Aotthee, witch! the rximp e4 ro0a4,0crp'~
MACSWIe.
ROOD (S. rode), the cross of Christ, having the crucifixiont upon it; most chur'ches hbid bb6e, `*wihh
was exhibited only on' festivals;- ti' pikee' itthe
church was appropriated for it, called tuhe- rood
loft. o
By the holy, reodo
I4 do ut like tkws several eowseil.
K. RICuH. s
ItoUs ýand Ct*Act aoWait termas ~of contunaely,- fbr
nierly used in allusion to hanging, int-ended to,




ETYMOLOGICAL DIC~EIONARY


295


convey an opinion that the person to whom they
were addressed deserved that punishment.
Then will I mutter 11a-rope for a parrot."
0. P. MWAS.
What member 'Us of whom they talk
When they cry rope and walk, knave, walk.
HUDISUA4.1
ROPERY. This word is defined by Johnson to be
"itrogues' tricks," but it rather means loose or idle
conversation.
I pray you, sir, what sort of merchant was this, that was so
full of his ropevtjf
ROM. AN4D JUL.
ROTA, MEN, a set of politicians who, during the commonwealth, devised a scheme of government by
which a third part of the parliament should go out
by rotat~ion..Sir Win. Petty and Harrington, author of The Oceana, were the promoters of this
measure.
Bat Sidropel as fall of tricks
As rota miet of politicks.
HTDINIA9.
ROTE (0, F.), a, musiCal Instruminent- sitailar to The
modern htrdyrg'urdy or mandolin.
71hese did l~pe dnd, in her delicious bowe-r,
The fair Pocan'a playing, on -a rote.
Swzsmaz's F. QuEEN.,
Rouici(St     ) to lie olose, tQ lurk or lie in wait..
Than is the shepe that rouketk in the. folcle.
CisAVcua'e ktesonr's TALE.
But aew they raicken In their nest.
(0ewlma's CoN. Ami.
Ofobsemtaidret! rucking in thy den.
CHAVuza's NONNECS PRIRSTEs TALE.
RON(S. orunian), to.. whisper or speak      nscey
And rowneg with him for a Xpete while.
Roam. or K. ALxSAtINDRE.




396


396-A t9LOSSARIAL AND '


*And ofte he ressnetk in her care.
GowxRas OoN. Ax.
Anvo~thr raw'ned t,6 his felaiwe lowt.
CisAvcea's HAN or LAwNs TALE,
Rourrciz (0.- F. t'oncin), a common or hackney
horse.
He r~ode upon a rouncie as he couthe.
CI5AUCHR'5s Ss~xr~Ai0's TALE.
RO UND (~~remd), rough, as 'applied to sjoeech; without reserve, unceremonious, sincere.
Your reproof is somewhat too round.
ROUNDEL (F.. rondelet), a. song.0 beginning and ending
with the -samve sentence.
When that Arcite had rorned AUl his t11,
And sNungen all the rounsdel lustily.
-    Come now, a rovnded and a fairy song,.
MIUS. NIGHsT'S DREAM.
ROUNDHIEAD., a term of contemp*t, applied          by the
cavaliers to the -puritans in, the 'time of the cornmnonwealth, from the -ciromlztance of their cutting'
their hair close to the head- in doingt which they
used a round bowl as a gui*i -in the, operation;
they 'were ailso called prick eared, in consequence
of their ears appe'aring    fully exposed    from  t 1he
scantiness.of their hair.
England,, farewell, with sin and Neptune bounded j
NWile ne~er produced a mobster like a Roundhead!
TuX COMMITTEN MAN CVastIau.
ROUND TAALE.' The British king Arthur, about the
sixth century,.esta~blished an i'rder 'of knighfthoo6d,
called Knights of the R~ound Table, so named fromn




ETYMOLOGICAL "DICTIONARY.


391


their eating- at a round table, by which tha-'dis.a
litiuotioztof ratik was avoided,
'Tin fsieq, fot Arthur. were in hai
Round table like a farthingale.
I., madam, they are Knights of the Round Table.
0. F. AsTrWARD Horn.
ROUNDURE' (F'. r-ondeutj), round, a circle.
'Tis not the rousdsgrc of your old fac'd railts
Can hide you from our messengers of war.
E. ion*.
Rouser (Ger. ruscl&), a drunken debauch, also, a,
portion of liquor suffilcient to inebriate.
The king doth wake to night, and takes his rouse.
A rose., a Yin de menton to the health of thy chin.
0. P. PARASZTASTS1,
ROVE'R, a sort of arrow.
Here be of sil sorts; flights, rovers,. and butt-shafts.
B..TONSON'S CYNTRZA"S RUXVXL9.
Romek (IF. rognonner), to grumble or grow), aild
not to gnaw or bite, as Johnson defines it.
Yet did he murmur with rebellious sound,
And softly rvymtwhen salvage cholel gafi redoyaht.
II   SRPSNSIR's5 F.
ROYNI9H (F. rognevx), mnangy, scabby; but figura..
tively, a p'altry, mean, or low person: used a$ a
term  of reproach.     See " fRonyon.".1p
My lord., the royninf clown.
-48 also missings.
As ýY~op Ltxn 'Is
RuBUicK      (F. rubrique).      In  the canqn law, the
argumenit or exordium of every cbapter was writ'.
ten in red letter, and hence called. the rubrick,
the text being iný black.,
After the text ae after thy rubrick.
CEAVGNi 'I PILO. sf W. OY ~r.




398


A GLOSSARIAL AND


RUCK. See "Rbuke."
RUDDOCK (S. rudduc), the bird called the robin
red-breast; it is also metaphorically used to signify gold coin.
-----  e sddWook would
With charitable bill bring thee all this.
CYRMRELBIN.
He hath the nobles;'
The golden ruddocks he.
O. P. Tas LONDON PROD.
Sehe have golden ruddocks in his bags, he must be wise.
a       O. P. MXDAq.
RUFF, a plaited or puckered ornament,. gpnerally
made of fine linen, and worn round the nleck or
wrists; the fashion came up about 1564: they were
originally worn by men, but afterwards by both
sexes; the puritans wore them       long  after the
fashion ceased, and the small ruff was one of the
distinguishing marks of the sect. The loose turned
down top of the boot worn by the gallants of that
period was, from its shape, called a ruff or ruffle.
Why, he wi look upon his boot and sing; mend his rujfand sing.
ALL'S WaLL THAT ENDS Wz,
As solemn as a traveller, and as grave as a puritan's ruf.
IND. TO ANT. AND MELIDA.
RUFFLE (Teu. ruyffden), to put out of form or discompose; but used by old writers to signify the
acting in a rough, turbulent, or disorderly manner.
t By stat.   Hen. VIII. a cheating bully is denominated a rufyer.
One tito bandywith ny lawless s6ns,
And ruffle in the commonwealth of Rome.
TITus ANDRON.
RusHss. Before the use of carpets, rushes, both




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


390


green and dry, were strewed upon the principal
floors of houses; the person whose duty it was to
perform the office of strewing them was called the
rusher.
Is supper ready, the house trimm'd, rushes strew'd?
TAM. OF THE SHREW.
Their honors are upon coming, and the room not ready: rushes
and seats instantly.
0. P. THE WIDOW'S TEARS.
RUSH RING. An opinion prevailed in ancient times,
that to wed with a rush ring was a legal marriage,
without the intervention of a priest or the ceremonies of religion. As many females were weak
enough to believe in the legality of such marriages,
Poore, bishop of Salisbury (circa 1217), prohibited the use of them.
With gaudy girlonds or fresh flowers dight
About her necke, or rings of ruthes plight.
SPENSER's F. Qugxw.
As fit as ten groats for the hand of an attorney, as Tib's ruwh
for Tom's fore finger.
ALL'S WELL THAT ExuM  WELt.
S.
SACK, a kind of wine frequently spoken of in the
old drama, though the particular species as well
as the etymology of the word is doubtful; it is,
however, supposed to be a Spanish or Portuguese
wine, in which the English, contrary to the practice of other nations, mixed sugar.
If swck and sugar be a fault, God help the wicked.
P2     K. H~. v
MM 2




400


400     A GLOSSARIAL A14h


The patrmouy which our father gave us, with which he lies
fatting himself with sack and sugar.
0. P. MIS. OP 914PORCIND M4ARi~xA.:.SACKLESS, (S. -sacleas&), innocent, iblameless&
j gif this dome that thou shall dy;.Sackles thca wol4 thy sonne have slaine.
Rom. OF THUE Szvaiil SAG1as.
SACILING (from F. sacrer), a little bell, uged in the
ceremonies of the church of Rome, which is rung'
on the elevation -of the host.
-I'll startle. you
Worse than the sacring hell.
SAFEGUARLD, an outward petticoat,, worn chiefly by
working females to keep the other clothes from
being' soiltd.
On with your cloak sad *qfeguvr4, you smut drab.
0. P. RAM ALwsm.
SAG   (Goth., ei'ga), to droop or sink with         its owa
weight.
'he mind I sway btj, sand the heaft I beat,
Bhal uever s#ag with doubt, nor shako with fear..
*                   MACRETS.
SAXER (F. sacre), a species of hawk; afterwards,,
a piece of artillery was. so called.
The cannon,, bldnderbuss, anti saker,
lHe was thl inventor of and maker.
"8SALAD (F. saaade)-, a helmet o~r piece of' armiour foir
the bead,
h~e't, went without, was lqft pot one
S.M&,4 Op~ej, Zw4brace, ne page.
Ca1Aucza's DRImr.,
'$I. To sit at the table'abov~e or below      the salt,
was a, mark of distinctiod in opulent families. The
OAKt was costained in a massi've' silver uteaisil, called




S4


ETYMOLOGICAL DICT[OWARY.                    4
a saler, now corrupted into cellar, which was
placed in the middle of the table; persons of dis..
tin'ction sat nearest the head of th e table or above
the salt, and inferior relations or dependants below
it.
Set him beneath the salt.; and let him not touch a bit till every
one has had his full cut.
0. P. Tm:z HONKS? WHORE.
That he do on no default
Ever presume to sit above the salt.
BISHOP HALL'S SATIRBS.
SALT1NBAINC0(It.- safla in bainco), to mount a bench;
a mountebank or quack doctor.
He play'd the saltinbatwhlos part,
Traasform'd to a Frenchman by my art.
NUDITCA@S.
SAMETTIC (0. F. samet), a sort of satin or silk stuff.
And in samette, with birdis wrought,
Hisf body was clad full richly.
cHAUcisa's Romi. OF TuB Rosa.
liasilken samite she was light array'd.
SPu)TSUa's P. 4933M.
SANOTUs. See "Black Sanctus."
SARACEN. This term was applied about the middle
ages indiscriminately to all Pagans and Mahometans, and generally'to all persons not professing
the Christian religion.
That Jesu hem helped, it was wel sene,.
The Sarazens were i&slayn all clenes.
Rout. OF RicH. c~sua Is Llorr.
After mauly Sarce~n, stout and dark,
Al Saxonye and of Denmarke.
ThLE -0 MNIXL.M
SARK (S. stjrc),- a shirt 'or shift;, a word still in us*
in the northý
"atypyd hem nakyd to the sarke..
Rom. OP RICH. C(ZUa Dis Liose.
MM3




4012


A, ILOS"ARIAL AWW',ý'


*h Ancodst her duddies to the wark,
And liuket at it in her sark.
BUitNS' TAx O'SsrA~fr*sr.SAW, (S. saga), a wise saying, axiom, or proverb.
We'll whisper o'er a couplet or two of most sage saws.
Trust me, a thrifty saw.
0. P. A, 14ATCHs Air MIDNCIGHTM
SAY (F. soie), a thin sort of silk stuff.
All in a kirtle of discolour'd say,
He clothed was.
SPENSERI's F. QUEESN.
SCALD, a term applied, by the ancient Danes and
Swedes to the poet and minstrel of their heroic
deeds, which word comprehended both characters..
The Angio'.Saxons confined the word minstrel ta
the performer on some musical instrument,
Saucy lictors
Will chtch at us like strumupets; and- scald rhymers
Ballad us out o" tune.
ANT. AND CIIBOP.
SOALL (lc, ekalladur), the leprosy of the skin, which'
occasions baldness, and hence it became a term of
cobtemiptsimilar to scurvy, implying poverty and
disease.
With scalled browis, black and pilled berde.CHAUCER'S PRO. TO SompNvovRrS TALE.'
To be revenged on ths same scald ssurv coggingeompasilo&.
M. WIVEIS or WINDSOR.
8CAMBLE, a word of which the etymology is not
fixed, but probably from the L. ecambus, bow*legged; having a shuffli~ng gailt. It is used somewhat in the sense of scram.ble,, tor 04t or% seize ip
adisorderly or tumultuous manner.
Le*Wu s to asassble for hdsfIttNOWNout.
*0. P. THE N. DXVII Or EDMONTON.



ETYMOLOGICAL DWTTONARY.,403


Sutch seinidng, such shift for to eat and Whele to eVE.
0. P. PARKRITASTECR.
SCAkLSV'. Scarlet cloth was supposed to be endue~d
with medicinal virtues, of which          an Insta~nce 'is
given by Dr. Gaddesden, who i's said to haye cured
a patient of the small-pox by wrapping him in a
scarlet cloth.
And these applied with a right scarlet cloth.
B. JONSON'S8 VOILPONB.C
SCATI.(S. sceath), harm, destruction,. hurt,"damnage, wrong.
Thei wolde eftsones do you scathe.
UnAUCIMR'S Rom. OF TEX Ro.s.~
To do offence and scathe.
K. JouN.
SCHAW     (S., acua), A wood or thicket. of trees.
As he roode be a woodes schawe.,
liHt seehe ther many a wylde ontlaye.
Rom. OF OCT. IMP,
I will abide under the sakete.
GoWsaR's CON. AM,
SCHELTROUN (S. echild tnsma), probably from its
being in the shape of a tortoise; an army or host,
Ayens the Christene he sette scheidroun.
Above the Sarazynes they riden, Ro.p   Or f.
And shelt-roun pight and batayle abyden,
Roms. or RICK. CcEun Di LioN;.
PCLAVIN (0. F. e~clavitte), a short gown, reaching
to the middle of the leg, formerly worla by seamen.
7hey were ready fdr to wende,
With pike anid wlfk.c~wn.  IBD,SCORISE (It. scoret), to puisue or chase;- also, from
the Sw. skqja, to deal for the purchase -of a hwse,.
And from the townes into the country forsed,
And from tbeeouanry lacke to privte farmers he swosed.
Sirns~aRss F. Quxxnr.




404


44      A' GLOSSAWtAL AND


Will You scoearae with him? you are in Smithfield; you may
it yourself withý a line going hackney.
B. JONSON'S BATif. FAIE..
SCOTCH BOOT, an implement of torture,, formerly
used in Scotland., by putting a pair of iron boots
on the legs, an 'd, forcing wedges between them       and
the leg.
All your empiricks could never do the like cure upon the gout
the rack did in tngland, or your Scotchl boot.
0. P. Tnu MALCONTENT.
Sgco'rOX (L. *8,otoma), a swimming~ or dizziness in
the head.
0 sir, 'tie paut the scotomp; he now
Has lost his feeling..B..TONNso'e VOLPONE9.
SCRAM4EL. The etymology and precise meaning of*
this word is not understood; Milton' is th~e only
authority quoted for its use: the Danish skranten,
weak, sickly, or feeble, seems. to give its definition..
They when they list, their lean and flashy songs
0r*We on.-their.orapp~ei pipes of wretchecietraw.
MILToN's LycIDAS.
SCR'rNER: (F. e*&~im'eur), a fencing maste'r, an adept
in that -art.
The serimers of their nation
He swore had neither-motion,, guard, nor eye.
HAMLET.
Scntimi (L. eersinium), a chest, eoffer, or eseritoir to
keep books or papers in.
Lay forth oat of thine everlasting scrynte
The antique. Volles which there lie hidden.
SPENesa's F. QUEEN.
&81tOTLE (F4 e we'otueUe)r, a scrofulousa-welling;- and,
t4'nratively, & mean or shabby, peft'on1.,
By heavens I thest.croylme of Angue flout you, king%~
And stand securel? on theit battlesnelft,*
K. JOuN..




ETYMOL0GICAL DICTIONARY.     40


ý405


scutrE (.it. scudo), a* coin of Italy, var'ying in value
in the different provinces.
Will, to a very *cute smaell out the price.
0. P. A.LL FOULS.
SEAM    (S. seine), tallow    or grease.
Shall the proud lord,
That bastes his arrogance with his own seam,
Be Worshipped?
Tiios. ANSD CAfiss.
SEAR. See "11Sere."
SECAT   (L.- sedes), the site or situation.
This eastle hath a pleasant seal.  ABT.
Methinks this Is a pleasant citle;       -
The sea$ Is good
0.- P, DAMON AVD PYTOWtA
SEEL (F. eceller), ai term used in falconry, signifying
to close the eyes of a wild hawk.
Mike etek imo more on vanity shall feed,
)ueldup wlth death, shall have their deadfly meed,
sPubiSUAS P. QITEEW.
-   Comne, teelitsg night,,
Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day.'
SEELY. (Sý. 8801), lucky, happy; also. used to siganify
harmless or inoffensive.
The sely clerkis reanin sup and doua.
CssAucxa's REVS'Ss TALEC.
As when a greedy wolfe through hunger fell.,
A seecl lamb Wa from the -ftck does take."
Ssuslssla's F. QUEEN..
SKCIN? (F. ceineture)., a girdle.
Girt with a semin of silk with barres snall.
CHAuasa's P190. TO CANT. TALES.
SELCOUTH (S. seld and couth), unconirroq,: rarm,
strange.
Much people saved of selcostl sores.
P. PLOWisAN'S VIS..
SELLE  F.)it saddle.
Alias! no;cIle remained to d4ht his steed.
LTsv 01P 41ts daut~x44




406


4Q6      Aý GwaeA&RrALAND


SELLENGUR' a ROVNP, a, celebrated, country, danCe,
properly called St. Leger,, much, in vogue in. the
last century;. it is printed in a collection of country
dances, published by J. Playford in 1679.
The first tune they, played was Sellenger's Round..0. P. LiNGUA.
SEMBLABLY (F. semblable), alike, having resemblance.
A gallant knight he was;, his name was -Blunt,
Sernblabl~y furnish'd like the-king. IPR.HN f
SENDAL. See ":Cendall."
SERE (S. seariart), withered or dry.
With acre braunchis, blossomes ungrene.
CeAUCaR's ROM-. 0F TRUE ROM
He is deformed, crooked, oldi ead.'aere.
Cox. 01 RAZOa$.
SEREi4t (F.), blindness or extreme dimnuess of sights..
So thick a drop serense hath quench'd their orbs,
That shlae in vain to find thy Perinug ra ARr LST
8aINK F.seraiin)i the dew of saiinmer, ev~nilags,
which occasions blights.
Some &rene blast me, or dire lighteningi strike.
B. Jowson'S VOLP.
SERPEGO     (L. oerpigo), a kind      of tetter or ringworm'.
Now the dry aerpego on the subject and war and lechery
confound al1.
Taox. AND CaRSs.
8taai (F. aerrer)., to press close. togethdre
Thel riden well serrelicke.
-    'hronging helms TAlOMaur
Appear'd, and serried shields in thick array.
PAR. L~OWr
IWT LA (S. 'il), $a.long wooden bench with a back*




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


407


part of the furniture of ancient halls and still to be
found in country ale-houses.
If all the houses in the town were prisons,
The chambers cages, all the settles stocks.
O. P. ABUMAZAR.
SEW (F. euivre), to follow or pursue.
Al your felawes and ye must come in blewe,
Everilyche your matirs for to se'e.
CHAucKR's AsssM. or, LADnss,
If me thou deign to serve and sew.
SPsrssan's F. QUINN.
SEWER (0. F. asseour), an officer of the household,
formerly employed to serve up and arraige tmhe
dishes at a feast.
--     Marshall'd feast,
Serv'd up in hall with sewers and seneschals.
PAR. LosT.
Here the sewer has friended a country gentleman with a
sweet green goose.
'O. P. PARAsTSTXSER,
SHACKATORY, an Irish hound.
That Iridh shackatory beats the hush for him and knows all.
O. P. Tax Hokiast Wnowr, 2 PAav
SHALM (Ten. schalmeq), a musical instrument, supposed to be like the hautbois.
"That made load minstralsies
In cornmnse and sAlmies.
CUHAuCER'S B. OrPAM.
With shalmes and trumpets, and with clarions sweete.
SPCsNSZ's F. QUEEN.
SHARD, the wings of the beetle and other insects
who have inner wings covered with others of a
stronger    substance;     also  broken pots or tiles,
called potsherds.
---- A dragon,
Whose scherdes shynen as the sunne.
Gowza's CoN. Am.




410&8%


ýAGLOSSARIAL" AND'


- or charitable prayers,
Shgards, fin~ts, and pebbles should be thrown on her..
MAIM LIM
SRKExN (S. acems), shining, splendid, bright, shewy.
And- as the birdie when the6 sunne eshen
Delitin in ther songe in levis grene.
I CHAUCER's Taoi. &NT) Cases.
And thirty dozen moons with borrow'd shee'*
HAMLET.
(S.. eeendan),l reproved, blamed, disgraced.
We shell be *Ahent.
M. WIVES 0P WTNDq0R.
Iýwou dsty all-del wifthhhn,l f Ifeared not tPbe Vkpnt.,
0. P'. ExiDmnole.
SitKRIFF. See "Posts"
SHIMM ER (S. 8CeJma), to glimmer or twinkle.
And by the wall she found a staff anon,
And saw a fitll himiring of light.
CRAuIcER'S Rimv's TALK.
SHrVE (fleL. chyve), a thin slice'of a loaf.
Easy it is
Of a cut losf to Vfteal a BMW&e
TIT. ANDRON.
S nE(S.), the hair of a 'man's head, bushy hair,
Hi aste boe hatht bathed &11 bis here,
The naile yduiven In the skodig.
CsIAucCaJ'$ KJftGET'IS TALKf.
SHOE. The fashion of Shoes was, in 1350, carried to
A ridiculous excess; they were made with longp ikes, which were sustained by ribands or chains,
fastenied to and reaching from the extremity of the
pike to. the, knee.     It appears from    the following
allusionl to the fashion, that the wear'ing them was
confined to the higher classes.
He was well clad and wel 'donie;
As a knight's, w&e croked hi. i/woe.
Shx DEGoRK.




UTMOWGICAL Mi~CTWKA RYO


409


8AOU (OLDl4 Tbe. CUstom of thrciwing~an oldashoe
after a~poron ars ansurance of.govtd hw.k, is of
very, ancient, -dat, and nert yet entirely discarded.
nepoe and loave me to msy IorWsetasudz~yj
k~arewel aindfling an old shoe.
0. P.' Turn WiW Oioon CeAGS.
There's an old shoe after you.
0. P. Tuni PARSON'S WED.
SIIOICI1    MORN., a phrase formerly in use to signify
an inducement or excuse for drinking.
To have some shooing Aorta to pull on your wine, 4& a rssle
et the coleg or a redde herring.
It not only sucks up all the rheumatick inundations, but' is
a shoeing horn for a pint of wine.
NAsu's LztSTONe STUFF.
SIIONE anid 'Snoew, the old plural of shoe.
J woll my selfin be thy, man
To drawin of thy shone.
CstAucxn'u TAz~z or GAMILYKX.
SHORT HEELS A prostitute was formerly so called;
in Rowley's Match at Midnight, See 8hortheels,
aL whore., is one of the drizmtis per~oniza.
High she was in the instep, but short in the heel; straight
laced, but loose bodied.
0. P. MIDAS.
So (s.   eat), a reckoning or score at a tavern,,
&C.
For one shot of live pence, thou shalt have five thousand
welcomes.
Two GaIMMa OF VARoMA.
9WOT WINDOW, at projecting window, 'common In
old houses, and called also a compassed or bay*
window.
AnddeSBid MmwUeh audit a.shot windoW
That was upon the caxpeitterls wall.,
CNAC~a* M~iia' T    ',v
N N




410


410     A GLOSSARIAL AND


SIWVEL BOARD, a game properly called* shuffle
board, istill played in low. victualling houses, formnerly,. with the silver coin,- called a groatý', and
afterwards with- shillings; the large and thin shilling of. Edward VI. was usually employed in the
game.
*  Quolt him dowrn, Bsrdolpb,, like a shove groat shilling.
2 PART K. HEN. iv.
Away slid I my man like a shovel board shilling.
0. #. ThE AOARiNG GIRL1
S.HiEW     (Bel. achreyen).    This word originally im--plied wicked or perverse, and was applied as well
to male as female.
Come on, fellow; it is told thou art a shrew I wysse.
0..P. GAas. GUisToN's NEEIDLE.,
By this reckoning, he is more shrew than she.
TAMING OF THIS SUaisw.
SHRIFT (S. scift), the popish ceremony of auricu-a
lar confession of sins to a priest.
3 PART 'K. HEN. VA.
SURIGHT', sharieked., cried out.
Frsorrow of-her,. she shright ay so loud.
CHAUCER'S SgtvnasE'sTALE1.
Down in her lap she hid her face and loudly ahright.
5spigaxit's P.. QUEEN.
SHRIVE (S. scrjfan), to hear confession.
H~e will shrive her for all this gere and give her pensunce.
0. P. GAs.. GURtTON's NEElgDLE.
AHnO jt (;from, S. acrcadam, to shre4l), the top branch
of~a~tre.,
'They cut them down twe summer shreggs,
That grew both under a breere.
ij 0.B1. ROsiN HoOD ANiD GvY @i GEzoxN.qs
Sins   (8' eijbe),, a relati Ion in blood.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY,                     411
Was aib6e to Arthur of Breteigne,
And that was he that bare the enseigne.
CHAUCKA'S R031. 01 TEN ROSEN.
SIEGE (F.), a seat,~ chair,, or stoo4.
How cam'st thou to be the siege of this moon calff.Tsuwsvr.
SIESTA (Sp. from Iwra- 8exta)-, the hour at noon
when the, Spaniards retire to repose duringý the
heat of. the day.
What,, sister,, at your siesta -already? -If so,,
You must have patience to be wak'd out of it.
0, P. ELYiRA%
SIFFLUEMNT8 (F.), whistlings.
Uttering nought else but idle esiffemessts;
Tunes without sense, words inarticulate.
0. P. LixotuA..
SIum (S. aeican), to sigh.
The kyng in herte syked sore.
Roms. oir Rica. Cavia naz Lioz;..
When that Arcite had songe., he gan to sike.
CaAuFc]Cas KNxGET's TALE..
SIKER (Su. Goth. 8iker), sure, certain.
And ladde him siker pass
A1 to the gates of Caplas..Roms. ov K. ALusAUNDass.
I am right silcer that the pot was crased.
CHAucIfa'S CHANOMS Yvo. TALK.
SI1M.ARI  (0. F. samarre), a costly          robe   worn    by.
ladies.
The ladies dressed In rich aimara were seeu.
DRYrDEPJ.
SINGULT' (L..singultue), a sigh, sometimes spelt
arngulfe.
Thick rising singtdt his full heart oppress'd.
AUCAss11N AND) NicOLwRTT.
Yet did she not lament with loud alew
As women wont, but with deep sighs and singulfes.
Soxawzsa's F. QuEEN.'
Si QUIS (Lat.). A notice or advertiso~mant, -formerly
N N 2




412


412'A GLOSSAMIAL -A",


affixed on A door ýor post,, was so called, from its,
weaning " i an~y one;" they were generally
placarded at St. Paul-'s, by serVants and others.
so~liCiting- employment.
My, end is to post up a.i quis; ray-m*Asr's fortiuios we
forced to cashier me.
0. P. WH3*r You Wh.L-.
SIR. See ",,Clergyman.-"
SITH (S. sithe), since; &~iihen and.sitlsence, since
then.
Silken hie went to France and come unto Plarys..
P. LANGTOPT'S CAnoN-.
Silk W"~ my ftolt to give  W~ OOe scope.
MMAS. FO UA Ms.i
Six, a cant term for beer of a superior quality,. i #,o
of six shilling& a cask; zmall beer was calledfourb.
Loolt VU b*Htdimfk I the eight of him mnakes lpe long for
a cup f uW.0. P. A MATCH AT MIDNIGHT.
SKAINISMATt,- a word deriv ed from the erse 4mlrt',~
a knife, and mate, A compa~iion or messmate.
Iam awe of his srkairsmatee.
ROM. AND JUL..
"SEN,&kife or dirk.
Agbait the like fool Irish bav. I aerv'd,
And in my skin be ar token of their skeins.
0. P. SOL124AN AND PINNJAB.
SKELDER, a cant term       for a.vagrant who, under
pretence of beinc, a disbanded soldier, levied cos-%
tributions as a beggar.
Wand'ring abrae4 to akelder for a shiflin.
0. P. Tax FINN COMPANION.
SKILL (S. ecyle). The old and- obsolete sense of
this word signified '(of no interest or iwportince;J
as's it AiLL. no, 'it je now"Iattorq,




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


4-1l


What skills it where the salt stands?
0. P. FRIAR BAc6x, &c.
It skilleth not, I cannot be angry with him.
O. P. ALEX. AND CAMPASPE.
SKIMMINGTON.       To ride skimmington or the stang,
was a ludicrous procession in derision of a husband having submitted to be beaten by his wife,
and consisted of a man riding behind a woman,
his face to the horse's tail, having a distaff in his
hand, and the woman during the riding beating
him with a ladle; a smock was displayed by way
of banner in front of the procession, which was
accompanied by the rough music of horns, &c.
When the young people ride the skimmington,
There is a general trembling in the town.
KING's MISCEL.
SKINK (S. scene), drink, and hence skinker, a
drawer or server of liquor at a tavern.
Bacchus the wine him skinketh all about.
CHAUCER's KNIGHT's TALK.
Here's some good cheer toward;
I must be skinker then.
O. P. GRIM, THX COLLIER, &c.
SKIR, (a word probably derived from         skirmish, a
hasty and irregular fight), to *ramble- about in
haste.
And make them skirr away as swift as stones
Enforced from the old Assyrian slings.
K. Hax. vI.
SLADE (S. sled), a valley or slip of green sward in
a wood.
For he found tow of his own fellowes
Were slain both in a slade.
0. B. Ron. HOOD AND GUY, &C.
SLAT, a word yet in use in the midland counties, of
N N3




414


" A GZA*SARIAL AND?


uncertain derivation, but signifying-to dash against
or throw. down with violence.
Slatted his brains 6tin, then sons'd him in the briny sea.
0. P. Taxz MbncowNTM. T
SUCAVEC, unwrougbt silk, the rough state of it previous, to twisting.
The banks with daffodillies dight,
With grass -like sleeve was miatted.
DRAYTON'S CYNTHIA.
SLIP, a cant word for a counterfeit coin, being brass,.
coloured t.6 resemble silver' or gorld.
A guilded slip carries as fair a show
As peafect gold.             0. P. LUw Tiuacas.
We have brought you here a slip, a piece of false coin.
1 0. P. Time Doses KxzGHT.
SLOPS (S. stlopen), breeches or trunk hose, which
were worn 'so extravagantly         large in the time of
Queen Eliznbeth tbat temporary seats were erected
in the House orf _Commons for tlit convenience of
the wearers.
'Three pounds in gold
These slops contain.    0. P. RAm ALLEY.
Oh, wbeu I see one wear a perriwig, I dread his hair; another
wallop in a great slop, &c.
0. JP. ANT. AND MBLUVA.*SLOT (S..ilitan),ý the mark, of the.divided hoof of
a deer made in the ground; it is sometimes used
to signrfy the track, as* indicated by the scent.,
If be had had as much hoof as horn, you might have hunted
the beast by the slot.
0. P. Twa PtltsOvs' Was.
He leaves the noisome stench of the rude slot.
)itirolf.
Sx.ow    (S. sekw), a species of mnoth.
It is s~slowe may not forbere
RAgges ribeasid with~gold to were.
CHVEAXrEM  %OE, V7 TUB Roms




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARlY*  1


415


SLUXIBER (a word of doubtful' etymology), to stain
or obscure with dipt;. also, to. do any th~ing. in -a
hasty or imperfect awmuner,
The eveneeg too begins to slubber day.
0. P. JERONIMO.
2hshbber isot business for my sake.  Z  O  cmx
SmEd and SMIECTYMNUs, a club of parliamentary
orators (temp. Charles 1.) who wore cravats of a
partic-ular fashion, as a mark of distinctioný, 'and
called themselves SmectymnuuR, being a Word
composed of the initial letters of their nameg' viz.
Stephen Marshall, Edmund Calamy, Thos. Young,,
Matthew Newman, aind Wan. Spurstow.
The handkerchief about his neck,
1Qvoi   cravot of -Syseq.    N UVS*A5.S
When, your Smecigmnus surplice wears.
Cos. or Ipr&L feNes.
SMOTILERUOM, of a dusky complexiou., a.wwd probably der'ived *fromt smother or smoke.     The 4ef1
nition in the old Glosvary to Chaucer is attoutfaire, a word as umnintelligi~ble as that which it
pretends to define.
And eke, for *ge was sondele smoaerlich,,
She was as 4lgue as water In a diche.
CeAucla's Riva's' TALE1.
SNAPHANCER (Ger. echnaphaft), an old word -for a,
firelock or mnusket.
Thesapid h*Wlceiiharesuch opzrg Purses wi~joqk, phba
they shut thens they go qX like o enaphance.
0. P. XQWos Por*0sxx.
SNEAP (Ic. emeipG),                io;~e;rproacb,, or repriByron Is like ra juvigus Jnccsping frost.
Lovas' L~u, Losir.




416


A GLOSSARIAL AND


I will not endure this sneap without reply.
2 PART K. HWa. Iv.
SNELL (S.), lively, quickly, nimbly.
His ost he hight thidir nelle.
RoM. or K. ALISAUNDRB.
SNICK UP.     The north country word snick is the
string which draws the latch of a door. Malone
and Steevens have given a wrong explanation of
this word, alledging that it is synonimous with "go
hang yourself," but it is more probable that its
true meaning is " draw the latch and begone."
We did keep time, sir, in our catches. Snick up.
TWBLITIH NIGHT.
Wherefore to prison? Snick up, I owe you nothing.
O. P. Tul LONDON PROD.
SNUDGE, a word of which the etymology and exact
meaning is doubtful, but is generally supposed to
imply a sordid and avaricious person. The definition in Tedd's Johnson is not warranted by any
example.
Snudges may well be called jailors: for if a wretch steal but
into debt ten pounds, they lead him straight to execution.
0. P. OLD FoRTUNATUS.
I tell thee plain thou art aasnudge.
O. P. SUMMva's LAST WILL.
SOAR (from F. saur, a reddish. brown colour), a
term in falconry; a young hawk was so called till
she had mewed her feathers, so that brown soar
feathere were. the remains of its first plumage.
Stand forth transfnaord, Antonio, fully mued
From brown soar feathers.
O. P. ABVMAZAR.
SODDEN (Ger. aieden), boiled or seethed.




ETYMOLOG 1041. DICTIONARY.*    1


4-1.7


For guats, soas writs, ere they are eO~dent
Are At-for =%sis-or Wo pudding.
IIUDIBRAS.
SOKEN (S. soc),, the toll or custom of taking part of
thne produce as a remuneeration. for grinding at a
mill.
tlreat soken. hatk this miller out of dout,
With wheta w# =Alt of all the lon~e wbout.
CHAVCUR's Rims's TALK9.
SOILA.A (L. solarl'iu), the u~pper story of a house,
a garret, or loft. The solati'um of the Romans
was a level place at thse top of the house, made for,enjoyýing the warmth of the sun; in France axi4
other countries, it is now use d as a granary or bay
loft.
Cellar of WhWA"a4 lum fish ot Vftat
0. P. Tits Jxw OF MALTA.
Sox~nie (1$), insoame. measure or degree.
%toe rule of K~ r4VugV i4 St. 10004,
Becquse it was old 4nd 8omdole qtreit.
CHUAVOalS!WfoIXRS 'JALM.
So)SmRREz (F. gvemmier), a, baggage or sulapter
h~orse.
Hist neck Is great as Any 4gnj~rg,,
lie, tunueth as swift as any~ d estrier.
0. IB. OUT OF WARWICK.
Sompt P., an ecelesiastical officer appointed to sum..
mon offenders be-fore -the S'phtitusa1 e~urt, n'    ale
-a apparitor.
A sompwsa 00ie, Vs * vi* n4  tho pace.,
P4Ca~uct', PRO,. To ~914Usouit's TAza..
SOOTH (S.404i), 011FQ, faithful.
For In his faltering motihh unstable,,
Was word ist0mR01 490th.
MILTON'S PSALMJ.
BOTE (S. SWei), sweet.




418


418      A GLOSSARIAL ANY)


Whomd that Alril with his shoures sote.
CHAUCUR'S PRO. TO CANT. TALE94.
SOTIIFASTNE8SE (from 800th), truth.
That pleaise you will more, by my faith,
Than he that sothfustsuease untoyou saith.
CHAUCERL'S NONNEIS PRIEST~is TAuTc.
SOUTER (S. soutere), a shoemaker or cobbler.
(lyboa *outer he layd on fast,
Tyll his breeche belt al to-brast.
HvNTN~s'o OF TEE HIARZ.
SPALL (F. e8patsle), the shoulder.
Their mighty strokes their habergeona dismay'd,
And naked made each others manly spalls.
SPAN COUNTER, a juvenile grame, played with countera.
Boys shall not play
At span oesenhr or blow pipe.
SPANg NEW.. This word'is sup-posed byJohnson. to~
be derived from the S..spaiina?, to stretch, originally used to 'cloth newly extended or dressed; but
may it 13ot be from &pan&, the old preteri~te of spin,
i. e. cloth newly spun: the example seems toJustify the supposition.
Richeliche he doth him sebrede
In spans new knightes wede.
Roma. or K. ALISAUNDRE.*
SrA~i (S. eparraia),to shut close or bar..
Spas-re the gate taste for fear of fraud.
SPARTU (S.), a double axe or spear.
Some said he looked grim and wol4 fight;
He hath a spartA of twenty pounds weighit.
CHIAUCER28 Kwzionr's TALE.
$PAWL (S. epati), spit, the moisture ejected from
tho mouth~.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


419


Ie shall not be brought up with so little manners, to spit
and spawl o' th' door.
0. P. Tah PouTAnx.
SPEED (S. spidian), to destroy, to kill. This is the
only sense in which this word is obsolete.
I'P stab her.No, I'll sapeed her myself.
0. P. LUST'S DOMINION.
How can you see to wound desert so right?
Just in the speeding place.
0, P. WIAT You WILL.
SPENCE     (0. F.diepence), a larder, buttery, or cellar.
Al vinolent as botill in the spence.
CHAUCaR'S SomsNouV's TALE.
SPE   E  (8, spirian), to ask, inquire, or investigate.
O perftyght key of David, whych opeaeth and no man speareth.
0. M. Gon's PROIsasu.
And oft he spered with his mouth.
CHAUCER's SIR THoPAS.
SPITTLE, a house appropriated for the cure of leprous
and other diseased persons.
She whom the spittle house and ulcerous sores
Would cast the gorge at.
TIMON OF ATHENS.
SPOONS.     See "Apostle Spoons."
SPRACK    (Sw. epraeg), apt at learning, ingenious.
He is a good spragmemory.
M. WIVES OF WINDSOR.
SPRINGAL (0. F. espringaller), a young active man,
a stripling.
Among the rest which in that space befel
There came two springals of full tender years.
SPENsER'S F. QuExN.
By my fay, he's a good proper springold.
0. P. WILr BEOUILED.
SQUIRE OF THE BODY, a cant term            for a pander or




420.1 A G!OSAM5~AL -AND


apple -'quire., Ste 'r Apple Squire." A Squire
of Itbe lacket had the same meaning.
Iiiw by the: sitset the peapk InnIbeing &'qutre of tke hoc5y.
01. P~Tnu H1ONEST WHoast 2 PART.STADLE (S. stadet), that whi'ch serves for a support,
as a staff or crtateIh.
Aiid 4Wed lambs of cypress stadle stoat,
And~with A ivy twine Usawaistis-glt oboat.
UI~aSsma's10 F. QUERN6
STAFFIE1R (F. e~tdq-pier), a servant who attends on
foot when his master ride;- 'also, Ian attendant o~n
an officer of justice.
Before the dame, aud roim d about,,?Irhdwhilfers and ataffier. on foot.
STAGE (F. 4qtge). A floor in ancient houses where
the fmales of the family were lodged was called
itthestage."Y
Then shall men fetche down off the stage
STALWORTU (S-etaelwort.),bold,4courage~ous, strong,
powerful.
For Godes love, *t4wooMe mon awmetk y9Iasste.,
R. ov GiLoucKSTIa's CHAROS,
STAMMSL      (0.' Fe'. e8ta'met), a speeles "or, cloth, of
ordinary texture; the word is also used adjectively
to denote its c olo ur, -which -wars potle t4.,
I must be a lady! do you wear your quoif witlA ý 49pn~q
licket? your stammel petticoat with two g-uards.?f
0'. P-.U 3.ATWARD Hos.
That sem'd vo ftately In her ktamm~e! red.
0. P. FRIAR BACON;, &C.
STANNY.EIL,, a. -bird of the hawk kind.
And vith what wins the atannyell checks at it.
TWNVPTRf NIOMTa.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


491


STAR CHAMBER (L. Camera Stellata), an ancient
court held by the king in council, so called from
the figures of stars painted on the roof; it had
cognizance of riots, routs, &c.
There is a court above of the Star Chamber.
cF. P. The MAoNXTIC LAnr.
STARK (S. stare), strong or stiff.
For, God be thankid, I can make avaunt,
I fele my limmes stark and suMsaunt.
CHAUCXR's MERCuAN''S TALE.
Many anobleman lies stark and stiff.
K. HIw. Iv.
STARTUP, a kind of half boot, laced in front; in the
midland counties, spatterdashes are still called
startups. Todd erroneously calls them high shoes.
And of the bacon's fat to make
His startups blacke and soft.
AROBNTILR AND CURAVN.
STATIONS, the jurnm   es or stages between London
and Rome or the Holy Land, for pilgrims and
others to rest in their way thither.
Yet have I been at Rome also,
And gone the statyons all arow.
O. P. TH roua P's.
STAVE AND TAIL, technical terms formerly used in
the Bear Garden sports [see "Paris Garden"],
and signifying the parting of the dogs by means of
a staff or by pulling their tails.
The conquering foe they soon assail'd;
First Trulla stao'd, and Cerdon taild,
Until the mastiffs loos'd their hold.
" HUDreIBAS.
STEEPLE HAT. Hats in the form of a shg'ar loaf in
the crown and rising a quarter of a yard abb`6   the
oo




422


422     A GLOSSARIAL AND


bead,, became fashionable about 1600 and continued in vogue for many years; they. were called
steeple or Turkey hats.
To wear Poulos steepS for a Turkey hit.
1. HsvWOOD'S SPIU#R AND FLY.
How would this Aong gown with this steeple shew?
0. P. Tza HONEST WHORE.
STEtLIFY    (L. stefla), literally, to make a star of;
figuratively, to deify.
No wonder is though Jove her stellijfe.
CHAVcERs PRO. TO LBO. or GooD WOMEN..
STERYVE (S. eteorfan), to die or perish2.
Thus he is woned me to serve,,
Au evil deth mote he aterve.
ReM. OF Wig5 SEVEN SAGES.
STEVEN (S.), an appointed time; unseet steven, is
without previous appointment. un~expectedly.
For anl day mete men at unsett utewen.
C3IAVcZA'S KNanV's TALE..We ay cheace to nwetvwah R*in Hlood
Wire Mt some unset se~wn.
it. 116WAD Ate Gy or Gissosies.
STICKLERt, an um~pire between two combatants; hie
was so called from carrying a stick or stave, to in-.
terpose, as eccasion required, between the persons
oppdsed to each other,,
Md, saokie Ui*, ow sndes separates.
Taos. AND CRESS.
STILE, Tom     o', and LJ~ONq 0' NOKES, that is,
Tom of the Stile aod John of the Oaks, two fictitious n"es formerly used in law proceedings,
whose services have long been superseded by the
modem namesJohn Doe aud Richard Roe.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.  2


423


Coavey men's interest lsa4 rig~it,
Fromn Stiles's pocket unto Nokee's,
As easily as hocus pocus.
RIIDISRAS.
STINT (S. atintan)., to stop or retard.
We must not stint
Our necessary actions In the fear
To cope malicioas censtiAers.
K. Kloi. Vill.
Dost thou bestow thine alms-to stint their begging?
0. P. Tax JqviAL Cpt#.,
STITH and STITHY (S.), an anvil, and Sometimesthe forge of a, smith.l
The smith
That forges sharp swetrdes on his slyt A.
CasAVOusa KNKQMT's TALK.?4y lmS&WOat "D s as foul us Yu1Ras's etithji.
MAMLUF.
STOCCADO (F. eefotccade), a thrust with a sword or
rapier.Yorasnsoas&aI a               ntwL
Ul. W~vs4 or W1INDSOR.
STOKE    (Teu. -steek), to confine or ahut up; hence',
the stocks, a place of confinement.
7%yne eye and ears, as I hove seke,.
Thsp ha~est týLvik te gates e#qke,
Gowas's Cov. Am.,
STOLE (L. 8tola), a lonog garment or robe, -anciently.
worn by kings, from whence is derived the name
of the principal officer of the king's bed-tehamber,
"Groom of the Stole.."
And sble stole, of typi lawnM
Over thyj 4wAt slso"W""s.raws.
STOOL.     In the time of Shakapeare, and later, it was
the. fashion. for. part of the audience to, sit on stools,
o0 2%..




424


A GLOSSARIAL -AND


on the stage; the price of each stool was one
shilling-.
I'll hold my life thou tooktst me for one of the players-if
you had, I would have given you but sixpence for your stool.
IND. TO 0. P. T~ic. MALCONTENT&,
The private stage's audience, the twelve penny stool gentlemen.
0.P. Tax ROARING GzIRL
STOOP (S. 8toppa), a measure of capacity, supposed
to have contained formerly two quarts.
Marian, I~say! a stoop of wine I
TWXIPTH NIowr.
STOT (S. 8tod Aor8), a young. horst.
The reve sate upon a right "ode #10,
CitAUOn~t'5 P,% to. Wts CAv.t~los
STOUNW (8, etuncI), hour, time.
Soon after the Irste stosndq
A litel maiden child ich fo'unlet
LAY Ll FAXINNO
AIRS! thAtestound It 0shall Wal so.
TALEC 07 MuaKLsa.
STOUR    (S    teeovasa, a battle, assault, or quarrel.
Out of the stoure two men askaped ware.
P. ANOTOFT'S CHRoN7he knight was %bew and stiffe in stoure.
-.   Caaucua' ROMe. OF TaE Ro831.
STOVER (F. eestover), provision, fodder, necessaries;
it is a term still used in law to signify sustenance
in goneral.
AUsse and ltual dwitit leore eetoeeris.
R9os. or K. ALISAUPJDAE9.
STRAIT (lt, stretta), parrow, confined, girded tight,
unyielding, rigid; hence the, term 8trait laced,
signifying a stiff and unbýending demeanour.
My Cowne of gmeee It was too ekaiglite,
Beforeit was too wide,
0.11. CHILD WATXRS.
The muig 0f St. Maure Ued St. Ilenet,
Biecause it was old and somdele streit.
UACasIVc'S XQ~ffzS TALE.




SEYWVOCICAV 1IV'IMONARY.                    425
ST'RENKC (S. str1,nd), kindred, stock, race, descent.
Our sact Ix et1rew~ for to save,
When fathre or mother Arne ini grave.
CHAUR'S IROM. OF TiEE Rosx.For that same beast-was bornie of hellish 8trene.,
SwmNeSs'Ls F. QulEEN.
STROND (S. strand), the beach, Yerge of the sea,.
river, or any piece of water.
And pilgrims for to seeken straunge stroads.
CHAUCER'S Pito. ro CA?.-v. TALKS.And breathe short winded accents of new broils
To be oosnmxwcd in.fromwde afar remote.
I PART'K. lIE*N. IV.
STUM (S. styman), wine not fermeitted.
]Drink ev'ry letter on't in Ownm,
And make it btlsk Chamnpane become. USR.
STYVOUX, an ancient wind instrument, said to rem
semble- a bagpipe- and. peculiar to Cornwall, inBretgne.    Harpes, et votest et efnons,
Et eetivee der Cornuelle.Ro.O  LCMD.
Msay is the blast of the *trNvor.
Roma. oir K. AiaSAUNDRE.
SUCCU8SATION (L. mtcus~atfoo), the trot~ing'or jog-0
ging.-pace of a horse.
That Is to say, whether tolintation,
As they do term't, or euccun~ation.
SUCKET (frmm suck), a sweet~heat or confect.
i warrant if the. ucked stood Weore th~ee thy Stomach would
go affar~t it.0. P. Tnax WOND. OF7       KINGDOM.
Br~ing hithqr~suckets, candied delicaties.
0.?-. ANT, Am, MBLL.SveJOKiNET(F. soitquen'ie), a: coarse loose frock or,
gaberdise, usually worni by carters and labourers.
bolo




426


A!GLOSSAIIIAL AND


*   And she had on. a auckinci,,
That not of herupe hurdis was.
CHAUCERt'S ROM- OF TBE ROML
4SUGGIL (L. *ugilo), to make black or blue spots by
beating.
Though we with blacks and blues, were suggili'd,
Or, as the vulgar say, are cudgell'd. HUIR.
SUMMEUSAIJLT (F. aoubreoault), a feat of agility
exhibited by a tumbler, by tumbling head over
heels.
For which some do the summersault,
And ol'er the bar, like tumblers, vault.
SUPERNACULUM. See "'1'Thumb Nail."
SURBATE (F. eolhattr), to fatiguie or weary by excessive travel, foot sore.
I am already surbated with hoofingalireadyr.
0:. P. THE JOVIAL CREW:.
SURCEASPE (F. srtr and ees*a), to stop or cease..
I will not dolt; lest I sisrcease to honoui'mizie own truth.
CORILOAZP VS.
SURQUnCDR.Y (F. eur anid cuidder)-, overweening opi-.
nlionl, pride, presumption.
They haunce her cause wilth Thige eurquedrie.'
C11AucIa'& CIouP. OP THE B. NI031GT.
Mdight,,wanting measure, nioveth eurquedr~y.
SPERSER's IF. QUEEN'.
SUR8ANIJRE (L. 814r~umsanatum), a wound Lealed
outwardly but festering within.
And well ye knowen that of a euraaaure,
In surgery is perilous the cure.
CnAUcER'ls FRAIJELinINS TALE.
SUZERAIN     (F.), a name given fia feudal times to a
le'rd who possessed a fief (i. e. land held by fealty
anid homage), under which under fiefs were held;



ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


427


a sort of subaltern sovereign. The quotation alludes to Britain proper and Bretagne in France.
While Arthur reign'd, two kingdoms born to bless,
Great Britain's king, and suzerain of the less.
LAY OF SIR GUOGXMR.
SWAD (from S.swethan), a peascod before the pulse
is ripe, an immature pea; figuratively used to signify a raw country booby.
I'll warrant that was devised by some raw country swad.
0. P. MIDAS.
SWADDLE, a ludicrous word used by Butler, signifying to beat, cudgel, or drub.
Great in the bench, great in the saddle,
That could as well bind o'er as swaddle.
HUDIBRAS.
SWART (S. sweart), dark brown inclining to black.
Swart, like my shoe.
CoM. or EanoRe.
No goblin or swart fairy of the mine.
MILTON'S COMUS.
SWASH, to make a noise or clatter, to bluster; hence
a swash buckler is a noisy swaggering bully.
As young as I am, I remember these three swashers.
K. HwN, v.
We'll have a swashing and a martial outside.
As You Lizx IT.
SWEAVEN      (S, 8wefen), a dream.
Now, by my faye, said jollye Robin,
A sweaven I had this night.
0. B. R. HOOD AND G. or GISBOwaB.
SWELTE (S. tweltan), died, fainted, swooned.
All that he hitte awon they swelte.
RoM. or RICH. Cut asD LION.
Ful ofte a day he swelte and said alas t
For sene his lady shall he never ma.
UUCACIR'S KNoar's TAi,.
SWVERE (S. Maeor), the neck.




428


A, GLOSSARIAL AND


Sir.Kay lsehe14 that lady'; face,
And looked upon her aweere.
Tax MAIRRIAGE or Sin GAWAIN.
Gentil body for to fozd,
White miare and long arms.
TALz OP MERLIN.
SWILKE     (S. awilce), such, or to the same purpose.
I have herd say maen shul4, take of twa thinges~
Swpilke' as he findis, or awi Ike as he hrings.
CHAucxaas REVE'Sj TIME
SWINGIC BUCKLIER, a riotous boaster or bully.             See"Swash."
You had not fo~ur such swinge- buskfers in all the inns of cotirt.
2 PART K. HXEN. IV.
SWINK (S. swinc), labouir, toil.
Chad a. gosy diaa' *w' &B my sweattmand.wyncke.*
0. P. GAM. GURTON'S NEEDLE.
Great loobees and Jan#, &"ltoth were to.wiake.
P. PLOWMAN'S VIS.SWITUE (S.), quickly, jinjsalitly.
Kinig Estmere threwe the har" asyde,
And witlee he drew his brande.
Q. Bi, K. ESTMEREI.
SWORD.      This weapon was formerly made             with a'
cross at the handle, whence it was customary for,&
person~ to attest the truth by kissing, the cross.
Swear by this awardThou wil perforn my bidding.   ITM      "X
And, here upon myaward I make, protbst.
TAA8 (Fi. (w.), a heap or mound.
To rausako in Wt~s*a of bodYs dedil.
Cx1AVcsa'1t KNIGHT'S TALL




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*    2


429


TABARD (F. tabarre), a jacket or sleeveless coat,
formerly worn by persons of rank as a surcoat, but
now only used by heralds as part of their offidial
costume. It is the sign of an ancient inn in Southwark, now corruptly called the Talbot,
It befell that season, oha a day,
In Southiwark, at the Tabard as I lay.
CHAUCER'S Pao. TO CANT. TAsLwIs
TAULE, (S. ht~fl), a memorandum book or tablet,
the loatves of which are generalfly made of ivory.
A Pair of tuhh%~ sol df 1otle.
CtiAttemiWS 9v*PxnO#'# TAIh,
My tuilblel Moot It Ii I gt it doWill
TADOUREN, malding' a continued drummingr noise, as
on a tabor.
That $46ouroo~ In ymsv opsp inay Paom
CUAVVF4JL'$ PRO. TO 1,10. O1 GOOD WosguW,
TACK (F. attacher), to join or sew slightly together,
But if this twig be made of woo4
That Will hold tack.
IIUDIBR&AS.
TAUES (L.), persons supplying the place of jurors
not appearing -or being ch allenged; those in court
are impannelled -to make the jury complete.
At inconsiderable values
To serve for Jurymen or tale&,.
lIJBI.
TALL (B. htl), stout, bald, courageous; it had for'ruerly no -reference to height.
I have seen the time, with my long sword I would have made
yon four tall fellows skip like rats.
7  M. Wivast or WINDSOR.
We be three (all yeomen and thou but one.
Ch P. G. A Gauui~t.




430


A GLOSSAIUAL AND


TAPET (L. tapetia), cloth worked in figures, tapestry.
Harke in your Psx, my hecke fresh aand-Saye,
I have behanged with tapettef new bought.
CHAUCeaWS ResM. or Lovz.
And in those tapets weren fashioned
Many faire portralcts.             F.Qe.
TAR~E (It. tari), a coin of Italy ofT the value of five
pence English.
As whilom to the Wolfe spake the mares
Of all her arte count I not a tare.
Cne&ucina's Revs-'s TALe.
TARoE (S. targa), a small buckler or shield.
Many a bright helne and many a spere and targe.
CnAUCUU's COMP. Of Q. ArNXLWVA.
TARREo -td stimulate, encourage, or set on; 4 word
of uncertain etymology, unless it may be derived
from the S. taran, to irritate or provoke.
Fadriss uyle ye terre your sonnes wrath.
Md, like a dog that is oouieU94 to fight*
Snatch at his Master t"t doth. tVprf him on.
K. Joer.
TASK    (Br.; tasq).   This word formerly meant a subsidy'orr pecuniary tribute -in lieu of services,'denominated tasks., to be per~form~ed -by tenure. 'The
word has been corrupted into!tw
In sbort time after he deposs'dtbehkin
And 1W the nec'k of that #Wd The whoe state.
I PAaT K. Hew. IV.
TASTI (F. taeter)., to touich, handle, or feel.
Leeches'fit they'h bsNuakf~i
That son to tset his woiw,1. AI  ~oA
TATOREZ (Fi. attacker), to fasten to a garment by a
loop or button, to stitch to.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


431


Hie me to Sim Glover's shop, there seek for a thong,
Therewith this breech to tatche and tye it as ich may.
0. P. GAM. GvuroN's NisDnI.
TAVERN TOKEN. Small coin were allowed to be
struck by tradesmen during the time of Queen Elizabeth and subsequently, and called tokens; they
were made of brass generally, and of the size of a
farthing, though current for a halfpenny. Victuallers, for the convenience of change, coined a great
quantity, and from hence is derived the term " a
tavern token."
I have a device will sting him if he have but a thimbleful of
blood, or a spleen not so big as a tavern token.
O. P. THa HONWST, WROR.
TEAD (0. F. tede), a torch.
With his bright tead, which fames with many a fake.
SPNsanR's EPITIT.
TEASE (S. teasan), to disentangle or unravel; hence
to touzel is to pull about or lug.
And cheeks of sorry grain will serve to ply
The sampler and to teaze the housewife's wooL.
MILTON'S COMUs.
TEEN (S. tinan), grief or sorrow.
Love, of which Arcite hath neither rothe ne tene.
CHAUcan's COMP. of Q. ANN*LIDA.
My face is full of shaie, my heart of teem
SHAKSPEARB's VaNUS AND AnONts.
TENT, a corruption of tend, to watch, look after, or
observe.
See ye take tent to this.
B. JONSON's SAD SHXPuraR.
Ye maun haud weasel by the end of the loan, and take tent
o' the jaw.hole.
Gur MANXnLAIN0.
TERCEL (It. terzuolo), a mule hawk.
The falcon as the tercel for all the ducks i' fh' river.
TaCt. AN  Cas9.,




432


A GLOSSARIAL AND


TERMAGAUNT (L. Termagnus), a name given in the
old romances to the god of the Saracens, and generally coupled with Mahound or Mahomet, the
prophet of the Turks.
The lesser part on Christ believed well,
On Termagaunt the more and on Mahowne.
FAIRFAX'S GODFREY OF BULLOIGN.
Nor fright the reader with the Pagan vaunt
Of mightye Mahound and great Termagaunt.
BP. HALL'S SATIRES.
TERMER, a word formerly applied to persons of evil
repute of either sex, but generally to prostitutes
who visited the city in term time for the purpose
of intriguing with the law students.
Country ladies twelve; termers all.
0. P. Tna GoBLINs.
TERREMOTE (0. F. teremuet), an earthquake.
All the halle quoke
As it a terremote were.
Gowsa's CoN. AM.
TESTER (F.Restiere), a steel cap. or helmet.
The shieldes bright, testers and trappures.
C CHAUCXa'S KNIOT'S TALE.
TESTON (from 0. F. teste, a head), a coin originally of the value of 18d. afterwards, of 9d. and
lastly, of 6d. which still retains the name of tester.
There, then, here's a teston for you.
0. P. THs HONEST WHORE.
TETCHY, peevish, froward, touchy.
Tetchy and wayward was thy infancy.
K. RIcu. mr.
THAsCKE (S. thace), thatch; a man who roofs houses
with straw, &c. is still called a thacker.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


433


That they would ever in houses of thacke
Their lives lead, and weare but blacke.
CHAUCER'S DREAM.
THARM (S. thearm), the intestines of animals, of
which puddings are made.
Great chieftain o' the pudding race!
Aboon them a' ye tak your place.
Painch, tripe, or thairm.
BURNS' HAGOXe.
THEDE (S. theod), a country, land, or kingdom.
Thou shalt have Perse and Medq,
And Babylon the riche thede.
Ro,. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
THEORBO (It. tiorba), a large lute.
And wanting nothing but a song
And a well tun'd theorbo.
HUDIBRAS.
THEW (S. theaw), manners, qualifications, demeanour.
And full of vice and wicked thewes.
CHAUCER'S HOUSE Or FAMX.
The mother of three daughters well upbrought
In goodly thewes and godly exercise.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
THEWES (S. theow), muscular strength.
Care I for the limbs, the thewes, the stature of a man?
2 PART K. HEN. Iv.
THILK (S. thilc), that same, the like; a contraction
of the ilke.
And also of wivehood thilk tendir floure.
CHAUCER'S MBRCHANT'S TALE.
I love thilk lass: alas why do I love?
SPENSER'S PASTORALS.
THILL (S. thille), the shafts of a waggon or cart.
Thou hast got more hair on thy chin than my thill horse
Dobbin has on his tail.               MBR. or VENICE.
THIRL (S. thirlian), to pierce or stab.
So thirled with the point of remembraunce,
The swerde of sorrow, wette with false plesaunce.
CHAUCER'S CoiP. OF Q. ANNELLDA.
PP




434


A GLOSSARIAL AND


THOLE (L. tholus), the centre of the arched roof of
a temple.
Let altars smoke and tholes expect our toils.
O. P. FUIMus Taos.
THORP (S. thorp), a village.
Cities, burroughs, casteles, and hie tours,
Thorpes and barnis.
CHAUcER'S WIFE OF BATH'S TALE.
THRALL (S. thrall), a slave or bondsman.
My servant which that is my thrall by right.
CHAUCal's DR. OF PHYsICK'S TALE,
THREAPE (S. thrafian), to argue, contend, or pertenaciously dispute.
It's no for a man with a woman to threape,
Unless he first give o'er the plea.
O. B. TAKE TuH OLD CLOAK ABOUT THns.
THREE     PIGEONS,     AT   BRENTFORD.        This   very
ancient inn is frequently mentioned by the early
dramatists, and appears, at one time, to have been
in no great repute; it is remarkable as having had
for. its landlord the celebrated tragedian John
Lowine, a cotemporary of Shakspeare and one of
the original actors in his plays, who died there at
a very advanced age.
Th'art admirably suited for the Three Pigeons, at Brentford;
I'll swear I know thee not.
O. P. THE ROARING GIRL.
We will turn our course
To Braineford, westward;
My bud of the night, we'll tickle it at the Three Pigeons.
B. JONSON'S ALCHYMIST.
THRIDBOROW       (from   third and borough), a petty
peace officer or village constable.
Hob Andrew he was thridbero;
He Jad horn " pesse," God gif him sorro
HONTYNO Or THa HARS.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.   3


435


THuR11L (S. thirliwi), to pierce or thrust through;
from hence the modern word drill.
Though ye him thrilled with a spere.
CHAUCER's Ro.ss. OF TIM Rossi.
With that, one of his thrillant darts he threw.
S~xvrejse' F. QuEEN.
TURING (S. lhringan),, to press,, thrust, or squeeze,
in the same sense as the present word throng.
But in his sieve he gan to thring
A rasour sharpe and well beting.
It          CHAUCHR's Rom. OF THE RosEi.
ThitOSTLE, (S.), the thrush.
To deum amoris sang the thrustle cock.
CHAVC9R'S COaV~t or Lovs.
If a ihpostke siug, he falls straight a capering.
MUR. or VENI1CS.
THROW (S. thrah), a time, a while, a short space.
Roeis moss hadde prets throw#
For to lake that was his owe.
ROM-. OF K. ALZ5AUNIDRD.
And love had gotte him In this throws
Another arow into his bows.
CHAucea'S ROMs. OF TED Ross.
TH.RuM, the ends of a weaver's warp, the fringe,
any coarse woollen yarn; said to be 'derived from
the Norman-.French thronimes. The caps of the
common-people were formerly made of thrum.
And there's her thrum hat %ud her mumfer.
Ms. WTvxs OF WINDOS".
THuhui NAIL. It was formerly the custom with
topers to drain the cup out of which they had
drank upon the thumb nail, to shew that all the
liquor was drank, and this was called drinkingsoupernaculum.
We have general rules that goe from drunkard to drunkard;
as, not to leave any flockes in your pot, to knock the glass ou
Your thumbe when you have don%
P. P~sslNIISISe SUPR.2''




436


A CLOSSARIAL AND


THWITTLE (S.), a knife; the word is still in use in
the north.
A Shefild thwitle bare he in his hose.
CHAUCER'S REVE'S TALE.
Now having spent their drink and vittles,
They rose to wipe their greasy thwittles.
COTTON's VIROG TRAV.
TICK (F. tique), a small black insect which infests
sheep.
I had rather be a tick in a sheep than such a valiant ignorance.
" TROI. AND CRESS.
TICKLE. In the sense this word is used by Chaucer
and others, it is of doubtful etymology; it is probably a corruption of fickle, as it bears the same
meaning-unsteady, uncertain.
For horde hath hate and climbyng t/lktesbe,
CHAVCcR's BALAP Or GOoa CovNSAI.,
Now stands our fortune on a tickle point.
0. P. THU SPANISM TsAosay.
TIDE (S. tid), time or season, the divisions of the
24 hours.    From an ancient book, in the old German dialect, called     Speygel der Leyen, or the
Mirrour of Laymen, it appears that the 24 hours
were divided into prime, tierce, sext, none, vesper,
fall of night, and nmetten, i. e, nightly mass. Our
ancestors had also certain divisions of the artificial
day, as prime, noon, undertide, &c.
Thus these dragons with these knights
Foughten two tides of the night.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRa.
And rest their weary limbs a tide.
SPzNSER's F. QUEEN.
TIFFELER. This word is uncertain both as to its
definition and etymology. Dr. Jamieson says, to




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


4S7


tife is to disorder by handling, and illustrates this
meaning by quoting P. Plowman; but the quotation is from Chaucer, which does not warrant the
definition given to it by the doctor. I conceive
the word to be derived from the old French attifer,
to deck, adorn, or make spruce; and that tifeler
signified a person overfond of dress: to be tift out
is still a saying of a person smartly or sprucely
drest. The context of The Plowman's Tale justifies the definition here given of the word.
Tifelers, attired in trecherie,
All such factours foule hem befall.
CHAUCER'S PLOWMAN'S TAL.
TILL (S. til), to or unto; in this sense the word is
used by all the old authors, and it is still so used
in the north.
Worde is coming to lovely London
Till the fourth Harry our kyng.
O. B. CasvY CaACS.
TILLY VALLEY, an expression of impatience or contempt at a triffling or absurd observation, said to
be derived from the French hunting phrase, " Ty
y hillaut et valleey," but this derivation seems
hypothetical; the probability is, that like most interjectional phrases, as pshaw! &c. though the
meaning may be understood, the origin of thd term
is lost in obscurity.
Am not I of her blood, tilly valley lady?
TWELFTH NIGHT.
TILTH (S. tilian), the tilling, digging, or improving land.
"PP3




438


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Even so her plenteous womb
Expresseth his full tilth and husbandry.
MEAs. FOR MEAR.
TINE (S. tynan), to set on fire or light.
---- The clouds,
Justling or push'd with winds rude, in their shock
Tine the slant lightening.
PAR. LOST,
TIRE (F. atours), the head dress of a woman.
If I had such a tire, this face of mine
Were full as lovely as is this of her's.
Two GENTS. OF VERONA.
TIRE (S. firan), a term in falconry, signifying to
prey upon or tear to pieces.
Look how that goshawk tireth.
GoWER's CeN. AM.
Ixion's torment, Sysiph's rolling stone,
And th' eagle tyering on Prometheus.
0. P. CORNELIA.
TOFORE (S. toforan), before. To is frequently by
old writers prefixed to other words without varying their signification; as, to-brent, to-tore, &c.
0 would thou wert as thou tofore hast been.
Trr. AnRaoN.
TOKENS.      The spots which appeared upon the skins
of persons infected with the plague were called
tokens, as being certain signs of death.
He is so plaguy proud, that the death tokens of it Cry-no
recovery.
TRao. AND CRESS.
TOLE (S.), to invite, induce, or draw by allurement.
To make me follow, and to tole me on
Through mire and standing pools.
FLiTCHER'S FAITHFUL SHEPERDBSS.
Now comes my part to toll him hither.
0. P. WOMEN, BEWARE WOMiwN.
ToLibo, a city of New        Castile, in Spain, famous
for making fine tempered sword blades.




ETYMIOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


439


The trenchant blade, Toledo trusty,
For want of fighting was grown rusty.
HUDIBRAS.
TOLLUTATION (L. toluto), the ambling pace of a
horse. See " Succusation."
TOPPE (S. top), the head, crown, or summit of any
thing.
Toppe and rugge, and croupe and cors,
Is semblable to an hors.
ROM. OF K. ALISAUNDRE.
TOPSY TURVEY, upside down or bottom upwards.
This word has exercised the ingenuity of several
philologists as to its etymology; the editor of the
last edition of The Old English Drama suggests
that it is an abbreviation of topside t'other way,
and this seems most clearly to define its meaning.
We shall o'erturn it topsy turvy down.
K. HEN. Iv.
That sees the world turn topsy turvy with me.
O. P. ENGLISHMEN FOR MY MONEY.
TORT (F.), wrong or injury; a word still retained
in law proceedings.
Gainst him that had them long oppress'd with tort.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN,
TORTIVE (L. tortus), wreathed, twisted.
Infed the sound pine and divert its grain
Tortive and errant from its course of growth.
TBMPIST.
TOTE (S. totian), to pry, to look after; to tout is a
word still in use at watering places, signifying to
look after and solicit custom to taverns, &c.
Thel toteth on their summe total.
CHAUCEIR' PLOWMAN'S TALE.
Then toted I unto a taverne.
P. PLowMAN'S CRIXD,




-440


A GLOSSARIAL AND


TOURNEY       (L. tournamentum), a        mock battle    or
military sport, where many combatants were engaged; thejoust was a trial of skill between one
man and another.
In sage and solemn tunes have sung,
Of turneys and of trophies hung.
MILTON's It PENS21e09.
TRAIL (F. trailler), a term in hunting, signifying
the scent left on the ground ran over by the game.
If I cry out thus upon no trail, never trusteie when I opev
again.
M. WIVES OF WINDSOR.
TRAILE (F. treille), an arbour.
And sette me down alone behind a traile,
Ful of levis, to see so grete mervalle.
Cfaucan's LA BELLE DAMA, &C.
TRAMMEL (0. F. tramel), a net to catch birds.
Her golden lockes she roundly did upty
In braided trammels.
SPENSER's F. QUEEN.
TRANSMEW       (F. transmuer), to       change or metamorphose.
Men into stones therewith he could transmew.
IsD..TRASH, to cut off or lop the superfluous branches of
trees; probably a corruption of the F. trancher, to
cut.
Whom to advance and whom
To trash for overtopping.
TzMPgsT.
TRAYTR;P, an old game at tables or draughts.
But leaving caides, lett's goe to dice awhile,
To passage, trei trippe, hazard, or munchance.
MACHIVELL's Doco:.
TREAGU'v  E (low   L. treuga), a truce or cesSation of
hostility.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARYO    4


441


She them besoughti daring their quiet treagwee,
Into her lodging to refrane awhile.
SPENSER'S F. QUEENq.
TRECHOURE (F. tricheur), a traitor or treacherous
person.
God judged me for a thefe treachour.
CHAUCER'S Rom. OF P515 RosE-.
In which the kyng was a trechetowr
Disguised slaine.
SPENSEE'Snl F. QUEEN.
TREGETOURE (F. trieheur), a cheat, juiggler, or
impostor. Tfwo itregsetoure*v att thout and he,
That in muine hottse do me this shamne,
CJ5AtJCNR' ROMa 0V' T515 R~OM
TiuiNOIANT (V.),, sharp,, outthig..
Aye by his iWt ho baN a long pvAde,
And of a @word4u Ni rvwhntd was the blade,
TaiENCrNMORN 1W old lively dance, much in repute
In the time of Queen Elizaboth,
1'l4 Make him d1ance j% #r?';5crnr t.ypiys
Jý'faith my tongue trips trenchrnorc.
0. P. THE LONDON PROD,
TRINTAL, (F. trente), the service of thirty masses,
said for the soul of a deceased person; also, the
allowance to the priest for performing the service,
Trentalls, quoth he., delivereth fro penaunce
Their friendis moulis, as well oldec as youngic,
CHAUCER'S S0555NOI!R'I TALE,,
TREPEGET (F. treinsehet), a military weapon for.
projecting stones.
Withouten stroke It mote be tal~e,
Of trepeget or mangonel.
CHAUCER's Rom. OF THE Rosx,,
TPrUETABLS (F.), tractable, mild, gentle.




442


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Kneeling down, with wordis lamentable
Do your message, speke faire and tretable.
CHAucsa's LAMl. OF M. NIAGD)SU!E'.
TaIST (L. tristisR), sorrowful, melancholy, gloomy.
Amaz'd, asham'd, disgrac'd, sad, silent, trist,
Alone he would all day ins darknesis sit.
FAIRFAXt,
T iTa rendezvous or appointed meetin~g.
Ye shalibe set at such a trist,
That hart and hind shall come to your fiste.
LYDGATR'58 SgUzaS OF Low IhtEaua,
Thi~nk tiot Gray Steel, albeit he wold,
Shall hinder you your tryst to hold.
0. B. SIa 9(GERi SIR ORAHAM5 AND1
81A GRIAY 14TUJts
TrRumpl      Any public     Wiulbition or grand proce.sion was formerly so called, which generally took
place at nighbt, and was accompanied by persons
bearing torches,.
0, thou "it a perPetua triusmph, "a everlatkng bnfirv Ililt,
I P~tfr K, Hsuvo IV,
TRtoLL (Dlu, frollm), a phratse tn drinking for pass.
ing the, bowl Qr cup.
Trowl the bow), the jolly nut brown bowl.
DzIKXAa'S 51505MAKB3R' HOLIDAY.
Now the cupp troll to what the gossips whistles.
0. P. A CssAST MAYD IN CHuu&PSzDu.
TROL MY DAME, a corruption of the French trons
madame, a game played by rolling small balls into
holes made in a board.
A felliaw, sir, that I have known tp go about with trol-my-dames.
WINTIR's TA&.xs,
TRosSERIS (F, trou88cR), long breeches, similar to'
the modern pantaloon, except that they were not
worn loose but close to the skid'&




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


443


You rode like a kern of Ireland; your French hose off and
in your strait trossers.
K. HEw. v.
TROT (Ger.), a term of contempt applied to an old
woman.
The old trot sits groiing, with alas! and alas!
0. P. GAM. GURToN's NEEDLE.
Go! that gunpowder consume the old trot.
0. P. Tax Supposzs.
TROUVFRS (F.), the ancient poets of the north of
France, who with their minstrels were the constant attendants at the tables of the great barons,
at which were sung and recited the warlike deeds
of their ancestors.
While needy knights trouvers, the sires of verse,
And thralls his large beneficence rehearse.
LAY oP Siz GRULELAN.
Taow     (S. triowe), to think, conceive, believe, or
trust, a very old word, and sometimes used as an
interjection.
Al short wordis thou shalt trow all by me.
CHAUCER's TROI. AND CREss.
I trow he'U come no more to my house.
0. P. WILY BEGUILED.
Who's there trow?
M. WIVES OP WINDSOR.
fRUCHMAN (F.), an interpreter.
For he that is the troucheman of a stranger's tongue may
well declare his meaning.
WHETSTONE'S H3PTAMERON.
Attain'd thy language, I'll thy truchman be.
0. P. THs QUEEN OP ARRAooN.
L'RUEMAN, a word in use formerly to signify an
honest man, in opposition to a thief.
The thieves have bound the truemen.
1 PART K. HEN. Iv.
Now, trueman, try if thou can'st rob a thief.
0. P. THE FOUR APPRENTICIS or LoNDeO.




444


A GLOSSARIAL AND


TRUEPENNY, a familiar word for an honest fellow.
Say'st thou so? art thou there, truepenny?
HAMLET.
Illo! ho I there, old truepenny.
O.P. THa MALCONTENT.
TRUMP, an ancient game at cards, supposed to be
somewhat like the modern game of whist.
We be fast set at trump, man, hard by the fyre.
O. P. GAM. GURTON'S NEEDLE.
TRYACLE (L. theriaca), treacle, a supposed remedy
against poison, very efficacious, according to ancient opinion.
Of the water drinke ne taste,
Or lie had asked tryacle in haste.
RoM. oF K. ALISAUNDRn.
Rycher is one boxe of this tryacle
Than all thy relykes that do no myrakele.
O. P. THE FOUR P's.
TUMBLER, a species of dog, the breed of which is
now extinct, so called from its hunting rabbits, &c.
by not running directly to the game, but in a careless manner, tumbling about till within reach of
the animal, which it seized by a sudden spring.
Or like a tumbler, that does play
"His game and look another way.
HUDIBRAS.
TURNBULL STREET.          This street (properly Turnmill Street), near Clerkenwell, was formerly the
abode of the lowest classes of thieves and prostitutes.
This same starv'd justice hath done nothing but prate to me
of the wildness of his youth, and the feats he hath done about
Turnbull Street.
2 PART K. HEN. IV.
Like one of those same rambling boys, that reign
In Turnbull Street.
0. P. AMINDS FOR LADIES.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


445


TWATTLE (Teu. schwatzen), idle prate or chatter.
Let twdtling Fame cheat others' rest.
O. P. WHAT You WILL.
TWIBILL (S.), a sort of halberd, pole axe, or two
edged sword.
The churlish axe and twybill to prepare.
DIrATON'S POLTOLBION.
Where twibill hung with basket hilt.
COTTON's VaRO. TRAY.
TWIGGEN (S. twig), made of twigs, wicker work.
I'll beat the knave into a twilgen bottle.
%                                     OTnHLLO.
TWIGHT (S. edwitan), to reproach, sneer at, or
flout; to twit, which is the modern word.
And evermore she did him sharply twight,
For breach of faith to her which he had firmly plght.
SPENszR'S F. QuEEN.
Hath he not twit our sovereign lady here?
3 PART K. HE?. VT.
TWIN (S. twaman), to part or divide.
We see all day in place thing that a manne wynnes,
It is told purchase whether he holde or twynnes.
P. LANOTOPT'S CHRON.
Sche has twin'd the zong thing and his life,
A word he nevir spak mair.
O. B. Tas JBw's DAUGHTER.
TWIRE. This word is of doubtful etymology; the
fanciful one of Todd, from the Germ. zittern, to
tremble, is not justified by any authority, and the
examples quoted by him rather confirm the defihition given by others, i. e. to peep or leer slyly or
secretly.
Which maids will twire at through their fingers.
B. JONSON8' SAD SHEPBIRD.
I spied a thing and I peer'd, and I tweer'd underneath.
P. P. AN. AND MLLIDtA.
I saw the wench which twir'd and twinkled at thee.
B. AND FLaTCl~a's MONS. THOMAS,
QQ




446


A   LOSSARIAL AND


V and U.
VADE (L. vado), to fade, pass away, or decay.
As vaded gloss no rubbing wll refresh.
SHAKSPSARE'S PASS. PILORIM.
However gay their blossom or their blade
Do flourish now, they into dust shall vade.
SPaNSxa's F. QuaVN.
VAIL (F. iwEer), to lower; to bend in token of
submission or respect.
Let me alone, my lord; I'1 make them vail their plumes.
0. P. GtOROs A GazNxs.
Seeing it is the fashion of the world, he will vatt bonnet to beauty.
0. P. ENDYMION.
VALISE (F.), a portmanteau, cloak bag, or wallet.
In the vallies of my trust lock'd up for ever.
B. JoNsoN's T. or A TuB.
VANTBRACE (F. avantbras), a piece of armour to
protect the arm.
And my emtanece put this wither'd brawn.
TROI. AND CRESS.
VARLET (0. F.), a name formerly given to all young
men of noble birth previous to receiving the
honour of knighthood; afterwards it designated
an attendant on a knight or warrior; and finally
it became and still continues a term of reproach.
Good luck, my mates, wherever he abides,
Our gentle varlet Aucassin betides.
O. B. AUCASSiN AND NICOLETTE.
Call here my varlet; I'll unarm again.
TRol. AND CRESS.
VAVASOURE.(F.       ava8sseur), formerly a nobleman
next in dignity to a.baron, but the precise rank is




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.

447


not defined; in later times it was a name applied
to one who holding of a-superior lord had others
bolding under him.
A sheriff. had he been and a coronout,
Was no where such a worthy vavasour.
CHAUCER'S FRANELEIN'lS TALE9.
VA WARD (from van and ward), the fore part.
Since we have-the vuawrd of the -dity
Mly love shall hear the inusic of my hounxds.
MIDS. NIGHT'S DREAM.
VECK (It. vecchia), an old woman; a term of de-.
rision.
Which hath ordained jealonsie,
An old. vecke, for to espie
Th. inattir of~his gouvernsusice..CHAuCla'ls RoiA. 01 THE RoSm
VIc#ET (L. veget us), lively, active, sprightly.
A stone of lustre, I assure you;
It darts a pretty light, a veget sper.
0. P. Tha ORDINARY.
VEIN (F. veine), humour, mood, temper.
Thereý is-no following tier In this fierce vein.
]MIDS. NiGHT'S DRIAN.
Plainnotin the giving-.vein to day-.
VELURE (F. vclour8), velvet.
Did not you walk the town
In a long cloak half compass'dI an -old hat
Lin'd with vjellure?
B. AND FLEZTCHESR'S NOBLE GENT.0
VENEY and VENEW (F. venue),' a bout or.r turn of
fencing, a hit.
I bruis'd my shin with playing at sword and dagger, three
sreneya for a dish of stew'd prunes.
M- WiVus OF WINDSOR.
So there's venyi for veney; I have given't him in the speeding
piece.                         0. P. THE WIDOW'S TEARS.
ZENTAILE. See "1Adventiale."1




448


A GLOSSARIAL AND


VENTOUSING (F. ventouser), cupping.
That neither Yeine, blade, ae ventousiisg#
We drinkis of herbes may ben helping.
CRAVCZIL'S KNxowr's TAMa
VERDITE: (L. veredictum), opinion, decision.
The water foules have their heddes laid
Togider, and of short advisement
When everich had his ve'dite said.
CHTAUCuR's AssEm3LIR or FoULUS.
VERGER (F. vergier), a garden or orchard.
Hie Is y-set in a verger,
And with hym many a Icayser.
Rosm. or K. ALTsAUNmDRE,
He lad me with a right Woe ohere,,
All envirn on the veifere.
CE5AucaR's Rom. 0F Tia Rosx.
VERMELET (F. vetraeil), red, of a vermilion colour.
0 bright Regina! who made thee so &aWe?
Who made thy odlour vermielt and white?
CUgAUCEALS COURT owp Levit..
VERNACLE, a handkerchief or napkin, having the
impression of the face. of Christ in the centre; soK
called from St. Veronica, whose handkerchief was
said to be miraculously so imprinted, on Christ's
wiping his face with it as he was carrying the
cross. It is said still to be preserved in the church
of St. Peter at Rome.
A vernicle had he sew'd on his cappp.
CHAUCla's PRO. TO CANT. TALUS.
'VIA, an interjection common in the old drama, of
no precise meaning, but indicative of consent -or
encouragement; of a similar import to the French
cllors!
Why via, to London we will march amain.
3 PART K..Haw9N VT.
Come, now, via VAOUUe to Cclia.
0, P. WEIAT You WitLL..




ETYMOLOGICAL" DICTIONARY.


449


VicE, the mimic or buffoon of the old moralities,
which preceded the regular drama; he usually
carried a dagger of lath, and wore a mask.
Thus, like the formal vice iniquity,
I moralize two meanings in one word.
K. RaCH. Ii.
A vice of kings-a cutpurse of the empire.
HAMLXT.
VIES, a contraction of De Vies, the original name of
Devizes, in Wiltshire; near this place, at Roundway Down, the royalists defeated the parliamentary
forces commanded by Sir William Waller, in 1643.
While the proud Vies your trophies boast,
And unrevenged walks (Waller's) ghost.
HUDIBRAS.
VILLAIN (F. vilain), a name given under the feudal
system to a servant or bondsman, who was attached to the soil and transferable by sale; both
the title and tenure were abolished by 12 Car. II.
I'll pay him forty livres by the year,
Villain or clerk, nor think the bargain dear.
THB PRIEST. WAY'S FABLIAUX.
VINOLENT (L. vinolentus), fond of wine to inebriation, full of wine.
In women vinolent is no defence.
CHAUCBR'S WTrr OP BATH.
Al vinolent as botil in the spence.
CHAUCIat'S SOMPNOUR'S TALE.
VIR (F.), an arrow called a quarrel, used only to
the cross bow.
-      As a vire
Which flieth out of a mighty bowe.
Gowxa's CON. AM.
VIRELAY (F.), an arcient French poem, of a peculiar measure.
QQ3




450


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Of which matere he made many layes,
Songs, complaints, Roundells, virelayes.
CHAUCXR'S FRANKLIN's TALWL
VIRGINAL, a sort of spinnet, called so, says Blount,
"because virgins do most commonly play on them."
This was her schoolmaster, and taught her to play upon the
eirginals.
0. P. TiE HONEST WHORE.
VIROUN (from F. virer, to turn), a circuit.
The red dragon that was so felle
Drove the whete far adoun,
Into the plains a great viroun.
T. or MERLIN.
VIsNoMY (a corruption of phy.iognomy), the face.
And but half seen his ugly vianomie.
SPSNSER'S F. QUEEN.
VITILITIGATION       (from  L. vitio8us and litigo), contention in law, cavilling.
I'll force you by right ratiocination
To leave your vitilitigatiorn.
IIUDIERA8.5
UMBLEs (F.), the entrails of a deer [see " Nombles], the inside.
Faist, a good well set fellow, if his spirit
Be answerable to his umbles.,
0. P. THE RoAnRIo GIRL.
UMBRIERE      (L. umbrare), the visor of an helmet.
But the brave maid would not disarmed be,
But only vented up her umbriere.
SrNssER's F. QUEEN.
UNANELED.       See "Aneal."
UNDERFONG       (S. underfangan), to undertake.
Gif thou this battle underfonge,
Thou shalt have aventures stronge.
AxIs AND AMILOUN.
He udetrfongeth a great pain.
CHAucER's Ron. or TarE Rose.
UNDERN (S.). By the Saxon division of the day,






ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


454


undern tide appears to have been about 9 o'clock
in the morning, the time our ancestors took their
principal meal; and it is suggested by Mr. Boucher
that the modern word dinner may be a corruption
or modification of undern.
Betuex ondersr and noen was the felde al wonnen.
P. LANOTOFT'S CHlIto.
Abouten underne "gan this erle alight.
CHAUCER'S CLERKES TALE.
UNDERSPORE (S. under and speare), to heave up
by applying a pole or lever underneath.
Get me a staff that I may underspore,
Whilst that thou Robin hevest up the dore.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
UNDIGHT.      undecked, unadorned.      See " Dight."
Says she, I may not stay till night,
And leave my summer hall undight.
0. B. DOWSABELL.
UNHAPPY, unlucky, mischievous, inclined to waggery.
A shrewd knave and an unhappy/
ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WILL.
I am no thought catcher, but I guess unhappily.
0. P. ALEX. AND CASr.
UNHOUSELLED (S. huslian), not having received
the holy sacrament.     See " Housle."
Cut off even in the blossoms of my sins,
Unhousell'd, &c.
HAMLET.
UNKEMPT (L. incomptus), uncombed, rugged.
Her bright heare was unkempt and untressed all.
CHAUCER'S KNIGHT's TALi.
UNNEATH (S. un and eath), uneasy, with difficulty,
hardly.
The miller with dronken was all pale,
So that unnethe upon his horse he sat.
CaAucJa'S MIuIlts's TALs.




462


A' GlOSSARIIA  AID"


Uneath may she endure the flirty streets.
2 PART K. HEN. VJ.
UNREADY, undressed, not prepared.
How now, my lords? what all unready?
I PART K. HEN. Vli
"Why I hope you are not going to bed; I see you are not yet
unready.
O. P. MONS. D'OLIVB
VoID, to quit or leave, an old word, sometimes spelt
avoid.
Tidings send that he hath sene
To voide him of his painis clene.
CHAUCEG'S ROM. OF THE ROSE.
Avoid the gallery.
K. HEN. VIII.
VOID and VOIDER. To void, was a term used to
remove the broken victuals after a meal into the,
voider, a basket made for carrying away the fragments, and a voiding knife, was a large wooden
implement used for sweeping the bones and other
refuse of the meal from the table.
His office to avoid the table in a fair and decent manner.
Q. EtIZABETH'S PROG. AT THE TEMPLE.
One of the stage directions in the old play A WomanKilled with Kindness, is enter three or four servingmen with a voider and a wooden knife, to takeaway.
VOLEPERE (F. enveloper), a kerchief to tie round the
head.
The tapes of her white voUpere
Were of the same serte of her colere.
CHAUCER'S MILLER'S TALE.
UPRIGHT.     This word is used by Chaucer to signify
a straight position, whether horizontal or perpendicular.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY*


453


While that the corse lay on the gobre upright.
CU1AUCX7V8 PAO. TO W. OF BATH.
UR6HIN (Ar. heureuchin), a hedge hog.
Like sharpe usrchinsa his hsere was Crowe.
CuAUCsa'~s Roms. 0F T]Rz Ross.
But to fold uip thyself like an urchisi.
0. P. MAY D&y;URE, an old word signifying habit, practice, Use;
a cQontractionl of the L. tseura.
In speedle wise to put the same in ure.
0. P. Psuasxx A?;n PoRRULxx
V8SANCE (F.), interest paid for the use of money.
-~ Supply your present wants,
And take no dolt of waeAanofo my mornles.
XBa. ow,VSwscX.
Usi, of the same import as the last word.
Indeed, my lord, he lent it me$ and I gave him wer for it.
MvYen.AiDO ABOUT NoT3R1iO.
UTZ@, an ancien4 law term signifying the eighth day
after any festival (from thie F. huit); it also denoted the festival itself.
Py the mass, here will be old utis; it will be aM excellent
stratagem.
2 PART XL. HIN. IT.
-UTTERANCE (F. outrance), extremity or excess.
Of Christ's cause, in honour of Ihisa name,
Shove on, and put his foes to utterance.
OnHAUCEI's PRO. TO CAVIT. TAzsS.
Come fate into the list,
And champion me to th' utterance.
MAcsarH..
W.
WADE& (L. vadupn), to pass or go with danger Qr
difficuilty*




A GLOSSARIAL AND

Therefore my counsel is, you shall not Stir
Norfarther wade~i in such a case as this.
0. P. TANCRED AND GI5MUND'A1
WAIMENT       (0. F.. gaimenter), to weep, lament, Orr
bewail.
Whan morrc came Ma make her wlaimeusing.
CHAUCER'S Tuot. AND CRESS.
For what boots it to weep and to wayment.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.WAISTCOATEER., a name formerly given to commonprostitutes, from a garment somewhat resemblinga waistcoat worn by theim.
Do you think you're here, sltj
Amongst your waidtcoatwaj your base wenchesI
U. ANID?'L5~CHEgit'S WIT WITHOUTt Monav
WAITES8     (0. F. gualeu), originally        watchm-en     ovsentinels; wautflee, was anciently a remuneration,
for keeping watch and ward. It is a name now
given to itinerant m~usicians.
Wel axe he held In bond y-drawe,
Mony. grffons he hath y-slawe,
The, weyleu-of thathosie that did espi*6
Uon,*1 OF R!Cn. Ccrua& Vs Lioww.
Hatk! aire the waitee abroadI Be softer, pr'y thee,,
'Tis private musick,
B. AND FitTCexRt's CAPTAIN.
WALTER (S. wa~ltan), to toss, tumble, or roll about.
Him thinketh verily that he may see
Noe's flood come wattering as the sea.
CHAUCER's MILLER's TAR:.
W.AMBLE (S. wamb), to rumble- as when the intestines are distended with wind, generally spoken.
of' the stomach.
Lord, how my stomach wambles!
0. P. Wsav BROUIL9.av
To avoid the theme of, love that wemlbletA in his stomach.
0. 1?F._EAYMWx.'




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


455


WANGE (S. wang), the cheek or jaw wherein the
teeth (molares) are set. The ancient mode of
sealing written instruments was by biting the seal
with the wang tooth.
And in witness that this thing is sooth,
I bite the wax with my wang tooth.
OLD FORMULA.
'Out of a wange tooth spronge anon a well.
CXAUCRa's PRao. TO THz MONmEs TALS.
"WANGER (S. wangere), a support for the cheek or
pillow.
His bright helme was his wanger.
CHAUCER'S RHYME OF SIR THOPAS.
WANHOPE (S. wana and hopa), without hope, despair.
Well ought I sterve in wanhope and distresse,
Farewell my life, my lust, and my gladnesse.
CHAUCER's KNIGHT's TALE.
WANNION. This word, which so frequently occurs
in old authors, is no where explained; it is usually accompained by a threat, and may be equivalent to the phrase with a vengeance.
Come away; 11l fetch thee with a wannion.
PERICLBS.
Is here any work for grace, with a wannion to her?
0. P. Tax CITY NIOHT CAN,
WANTRUST (S.), distrust, want of confidence.
0 wantrust, full of false suspicion.
CHAircEa's MANCIPLE's TALB.
WARD (S. wardian), to watch or guard; also a
position or posture of defence.
For we ne had no castel
That us of our ward fel.
RoM. or Ricu. CaUa Ds LIoN.




456


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Come from this word,,
For I can here disn= tbee.
TxM]PEST.
WARwOOaS, a body guard (from ward, a guard, and
corpuz., a body).
To be my wardcenup as he can best.
CXAUC~lt'S PILO. TO W. OP BATHK.
WARDEN, & spe *cies of pear, formerly much in request for making pies; the word is uncertain as
to its derivation.
Imust have saiffou to ciulour the warden pies.
WINTER'~S TAL*.
I would have him roasted like a warden.
B. AND FLETCHER'S CUPID'S RAVEN09.
VWARDROPE (F. garderobe), a privy or house of
office.
I say that in a fi'ardrape they him threwe.
CHAUCER'ls PARDONER'~S TALE.
WARISH (F. guerir), to heal or cure.
-Than were my hert
Wariehed of these bitter pains' smert.
CHAVCERt'5 FRANKLEIN's TALE.
WARD8ON, reward, whether a recompense for good
or evil. In Urry-'s Gloigary it is improperly defined to be recovery, from the F. guerioon, but no
example warrants this definition.
Mynstrelles playe up for your Wari*0nj,
And well quyt it schald be.
0. B. BATTLE OP O1TEZRBOURkJE.
And thus he warison he toke.
For the ladye that he forsoke.
CHAUCER' RON. OF TIE Rosli.
WARLOCK (S. werlog),, a wizard or male witch.
Tam saw an unco sight,
Warlocks and witches in a danee.
BvRNS' TAu 0' SMAWTER.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


457


WARRE (S. tfart), worse; a word now only used
in the Scottish dialect and spelt waur.
They say the worlde is warre than it wont.
SPENSER'S SHRP. CAL.
WASSAIL     (S. weshel), a liquor made of apples,
sugar, and ale; also, a drinking bout.
The king doth wake to night, and takes his rousel
Keeps wassail, and the swaggering upspring reels.
HAMLET.
By Croesus' name, and by his castle,
Where winter nights he keeps his wassail.
O. P. THE Hoo HATH LOST HIS PZARL.
WASTEL (F. gasteau), a fine sort of wheat bread or
cake.
Of small houndis had she, that she fed
With rost flesh, or milke and wastel bread.
CHAUCHR'S PRO. TO CANT. TALKS.
WASTER (L. vastatores), a sturdy thief, coupled by
stat. 4,Hen.IV.with Roberdsmen and draw latches;
they were armed with bludgeons; hence a cudgel
was denominated a waster.
A stout taule cobbler will lay down the waster, and yielde to
him that hath more practice in the weapon.
CHURCHYARD'S CHALLJNGB.
WATCH. Before the invention of clocks, the divisions of time were marked by watch candles, the
hours being noted upon them in sections.
As he whose brow with homely biggin bound
Snores out the watch of night.
2 PART K. HEN. IV.
Fill me a bowl of wine-Give me a watch,
K. RICH. i.
WA'TCHET (S. wadchet), a light blue colours
RR




458


A GLOSSARIAL AND


Yclad he was ful smal and properly,
All in kirtle of a light wachet.
CHAUcXc's I ILsa's TALE.
Their watchet mantles fringed with silver round.
SPENsEaR's F. QUEEN.
WEAVER (S. webba), a maker'of cloth, frequently
mentioned by old writers as being partial to singing, particularly sacred music; hence the phrase
" 1a pealm sgiogittg weaver."
Shall we rouse the night owl in catch that will draw three
souls out of one weaver)
TWELFTH NIGHT.
WEDD     (S. wed), a pledge, pawn, or security; from
hence is derived wadset, a term still in use to signify a mortgage dfland, &c.
Let him beware, his neck lieth to wedd.
CHAUCER's KxnaIGHT's TALE.
My londes beth sett to wedde, Robyn.
A LYTEL GESTE OF R. HODE.
WEED     (S. weda), clothes or dress; the term       is still
applied to the mourning garments of a widow.
And when they came to King Adland's halle,
Of redde gold shone theyre weedes.
0. B. KIwo ESTUsRE.
An aged sire, in long black weedee yclad.
SPESNSER'S F. QusaNr.
WEEN     (S. wenan), to think, imagine, or be of opinion.
I wene the ende will prove this brawl did frst arise.
0. P, GAASu. GURToN's NEsEL.
WEET (S. witan), to know or understand; now
called " to wit."




ETYMOrLOGICA'L      DICTIONARY.              4STk
'Vcah! man, is Gasumer's neele found? that chould gladly weete.
0. P. GA&M. GIJRTON'S NESDLS.
WRIVE (S. wafian)., to leave, forsake, to waive.
But if that he n~il take of It no cure
When that it cometh, but wilfully it weive.
CuAucint's TROI. AND CAMsS.
WEL-A WAY (S. walawa), an interjection expressive
of grief or lamentation; -now corru-ptly called wella-day. Ilast thou not made a ladye bright of hewe
Saied wvet a waie the day that I was borne?ý
1131D.
Thus did the noble Percy plaine,
With a heavy heart and wet-away/.
0OH. N0RTHUAU3HsaAAX-B1RaAVXD, Ui.WELD (S. wealdan), to rule, govern, or* command.
It Is a hitrd thing for to weld
A wight that no man woll his thaonke held.
OnAVURA'w PACK. TO W. OF 3*TX6'
Welds kingdom;, ceases, and aMfre, of stats.
SP15euPsaa5 7. QuUSSM.
WELKWD (from S. wealcan), withered, rivelled,
having an unequal surface; from this word is de-,
rived whelk, a weal pulstule or protuberance.
But yet to me she woll not doen that grace,,
For which full pale and welkid is my face.
CHAUCER'S PARDONSR's TALL.
Hils face is all bubukies and whelks, and knobs, &c.
X. ls.v
WELKIN (S. weleen), the visible firmament,
And eke the welkcin was so faire,
Blewe bright, and clere y-was the ayre.
CnAuCSa's DitzAn.
B~ut that the sea, mounting to the welkcin cheek,
Dashes the fire out.
TzxPXSsT..
&R 2..




4,60


460      A QJLO854IIIAL ASIP


WELTE. See " Weld."PWEm (S. tcemme), a blemnish, spot, or fault,
That other howe was of a plant
Withouten wem, I dare warrant.
CHAucEit's Rom. OF ThE Rosa.
WEND (S. wendan), to go.
The cursed land where many wend amis.
SPENSER'S V. QUERV~.
Wend you with this letter.
MEAS. FOR MICAS.
WUATE (S. hwact), quickly.
He smote his male with sporen whate.
Ito~m, or K. ALISAUNIURN,
WflETSTONE.. A notorious liar was formerly sai'd to
deserve the whet.~one, aq a promium either for
the magnitude or iniquity of the falsehood. The
origia of the proverbial phrase I's not known,
PimeZbS writ for regulation
Of 1yinvo to inform the nation,
And by their public use to brsng down
TUC~ prce of whoeatneas WtUV kingdom,
WHIFFLERS, officers who formerly preoceded proces.
sions for the purpose of clearing the way; the term
is fsaid to be derived from whifle, to blow, from
the circumstance of their playing upon wind in.,
struments.
And manasses shall 1ro before, like a whiffler,
To clear the way with his horns.
0. P. Tiix ISLE OF GULL**
13efore the dame, and round about,
Mareh'd whiffiers and stsaUers oni foot.
WHIG (S. Wt ge), whey or buttrik




ETYMCOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


46.1


Sweete g wte or whig his bottle had.
ARGENTILE AND CURAN.
Drink whig and sour milk, whilst I rince my throat
With Bordeaux and Canary.
O. P. THE ENGLISH TRAVELLER.
WHILE-ERE, a little while ago, erewhile.
And turning to that place in which whyleare
He left his lofty steed with goldernself.
SPENSER'S F. QUEEN.
Will you troll the catch
You taught me but "white-ere?
TEMPEST.
WHILOM      (S. hwilom), formerly, sometime ago.
In northern clime a val'rous knight
Did whilom kilt his bear in fight.
HUDIBRAS.
WHINGAR (S. win and gerd), a sort of hanger, used
both as an instrument of destruction and a knife to
be used at meals.
And wingers now in friendship bare,
The social mpeal to part and share,
Had found a bloody sheath.
LAY OF THE LAST MINSTRBL.
WHINYARD, a sword, the same as wingar, but a
more literal translation of the Saxon word.
Nor from their button'd tawny leathern belts
Dismiss their biting whinyards.
O. P. K. EDw. Irt.
WHIPSTOCK       (from whip and stalk), the handle or
stalk of a whip, but frequently used to signify the
whip itself.
For by his rusty outside he appears
T'ave practis'd more the whipstock than the lance.
PERrCLES.
Bought you a whistle and a whipstock too.
O. P. TnE SPANISH TRAiEDY.
RR3




462


A GLOSSARIAL AND


WHITE POT, a composition made with milk, eggs,
bread, sugar, and spice, and baked in a pie; a dish
peculiar to the county of Devon.
To keep well filled with thrifty fare,
As white pot, butter milk, and curds.
HUDIBRAS,
Cornwall squat pie and Devon white pot brings.
DR. KING'S ART OF COOKERY.
WHITE SON and WHITE BOY.             These were formerly terms of endearment applied to male children.
Then ware what is done,
For he's Henry's white son.
0. P. FRIAR BACON AND F. BUNGAY.
Oh, what will you do, father? I am your white 6oy.
0. P. THE YORKSHIRE TRAGEDY.
WHITSTER (from S. witten, to make white), a
bleacher of linen.
Carry it among the whitsters in Datchet mead.
M. WIvZs oF WINDSON.
WHITTLE.      See " Thwittle."
WIDE and SIDE. The word side is synonimous with
long; as, " side sleeves," are long sleeves. In
the north, side still signifies long; as, " my coat is
very side," i. e. long.
Wide and side, far and near,
With me it is nought now so.
TALE OF MERLAN.
WIGHT (S. wiht), a living person of either sex, but
generally applied to a male.
-  Beshrew the witch, with venemous wights she strays.
Taos. AND CauSS.




ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.


463


So have I seen, with armed heel,
A wight bestride the commonweal.
HUDIBRAS.
WIMPLE (F. guimple), a covering for the neck,
distinguished from the veil, which also concealed
the head; it was part of the dress of a nun.
Full semely her wimple pinched was.
CHAUCER'S PRIORESSES TALE.
No wimple did she wear, no vail conceal'd
Her well form'd face,
THE LAY OF ARISTOTLE. WAY'S FAB.
WINCHESTER GOOSE.           See "Bankside."
The famous school of England called Winchester
(Famous I mean for the goose).
O. P. MONS. D'OLIVe.
WIRCH     (S. wircan), to work, effect, or operate.
And certainly where nature woll not wirch,
Farewell phisike, go here the corse to chirche.
CHAUCER'S KNIOHT's TALE.
Wis (S. wissan), to know, think, or imagine; generally used as an expletive.
Come on, fellow; it is tolde me thouart a shrew I wysse.
O. P. GAM. GURTON'S NZsDLs.
I wis your grandam had a worser match.
K. RIcs. iiI.
WITE (S. witan), to blame, reproach, or charge
with a fault.
The violence, the wrath, the angir, and the gall
That is betweene you both, it wol be wife to me.
CHAUCER'S HIST. OF BERYN.
Scoffing at him that did her justly wite.
SPrsaNS's F. QUMN.
WITTOL (S.), one who knows himself to be a cuckold and is content.




464


A GLOSSARIAL ANIT


But, wittol cuckold! the devil himself hath not such a name;
M. WIvEs OF WiNDsor;
WODE (S. wod), mad, furious, angry.
Then wold he speke and cry as he were wood.
CHAUCBR'S PRO. TO SOMPNOUR'S T.
Through unadvised rashness waxed wood.
SPENSER'S F. QUxEN.
WON (S. wonian), a place of abode or dwelling.
Lord, who shall wonne in thy wonnes?
P. PLOWMAN.
There the wise Merlin whylom wont they say
To make his wonne low underneath the ground.
SPENSER'S F. QUE.
WOOL. The proverbial expression, "all cry and no
wool, as the devil said when he shear'd his hogs,"
implies great talk about nothing, or of the performance of a thing which is unequal to the
promise.
Thou wilt at best but suck a bull
Or shear swine-" all cry and no wool."
HUDIBRAS.
WOOLWARD.        To go woolward was to wear woollen next to the skin as a penance.
Wolward and wetshod went I forth.
P. PLOWMAN's VIs.The naked truth is, I have no shiit-I go woolwardfor penance.
Lovs's LABOUR LOST.
WORTES (S. weort), a name formerly given to herbs
generally, though now confined to plants of the
-cabbage kind.
And on a bed of wortes.still he lay,
Till it was past undren of the day.
CHAUcaa's NONNES PRIaSTUS T.




ETYMOiOGICAL DICTIONAIRY.


465.


WOTE (S. wttt), to know.
Gammer, shave ben theWp, you wet wet About what.
0. P. GjAM. (IUaTON'S NEEDLX.
I wete no halter thou shalt wear.
0. B. XC. EDW. AND T5ig TANNER.
WRENCIIE (S. wrence), a stratagrem, scheme, or
contrivance.
She shut the dore, and set himn on benchie,~Will ye now here of woman's wrenches'
ROM. OF THE SaVB a Sggs,
Hils wilie wronches thoil malest not Blee.
CHAUCSR's CHANN0*ON YmOi I'.
WItUE (S. Wrig-an), to hide, conceal, or cover.
Artid writ me in ity fbitertd,
YAREu (S. gearwe), ready, nimble, quick.
The knight it takes withouten let,
Pyghtes hyns and made hym yere.
RoN. OF Ricn. C=4fl Dz Lioxg1
Speak to the maxiners; fall to't yarely.
TSXPEST.
YAmI (S. geat), a gate or door; still so called in the
north.
SWa the yiate fast fol fear of fraud,
SPIS'aiss' $n13r. VAL-.
VOLEPEID (S. chpian), named or called.
For aely is that deth, soth for to san,,
ThAt 9ft yiclepvid conieth and endeth pain,
QuAUcsa'S Tao!. AND CX:PI$




'466               A- CLOSSARIAL AN&'
There Is a tall long sided darhe
(But wondrous light'), ycleped Fame.
HUDINKA 83.
YEARN (S. geornian), to feel uneasiness or pity,,
Falstaff is dead,
And we must yearn therefore,
K. Haie.. V.
VYEDE (t'rotn S. geod'), to go, or march; yode, the
pretertte.
For all yerfe out at one ear
That In that other she did l4ere,
CUAvczxt's Ro-s. oO tug~ Rosif.
With A troope of dainselles playing,
Vorth I #o~de; forscoothi a mnayint.
PUMLLIDA AND CORYIhON-C
-YkLtdW, This oo1ltir wag mitd to represont Jena
No 00101f, 11R~ i~ pt,10W 1144PPO  tollsr PhOlOPH) l~pt hor hiisbs40
1% wilj possess rne of yolowesseaa.
M. WIvzs orp Wwpsojs.YERK (Goth. gereken), to wince or kijok.
-Their wounded steeds
YerNc o~it their armed hvels at their dead masters.
Y-FER, together.
So beene they Son y-,frre,, a wanton payre.
Ss'ANISX's F. QuuzN..
N--PANNED (0. F. ranne8), lined, coveredi, or
adorned with fur.
-A mantle of scarlet,,
V'.panned all with minivere.
FLORICE AND BLANCI5VLOVAR&
YIiKJIN, smoking, as ftre not exthiguishe&




UTVMOLOGf4CAL DIMtONARY.                      467
Yet in oux ashes cold is fire y-rekin..
CHsAUCER'S MILLZa's TALE.
Y-STEKE, shut up.
They ly-eth in chamber, fast y-steke.
Y-wis. See " Wis..rl
FINIS.


WOR5LTRY AND CO. PRINTgK5, 5RENTIQRI6.




-S.




















UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
I II  I II  II 1 r II l   II.3 9015 01646 0290
SEP 28 1937
UN,.       CH.
LiURARY




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