The Value of dirt
to the People
An Address by
OTTO H. KAHN





The Value of CArt
to the People
v
An Address by
MR. OTTO H. KAHN
at the Annual Dinner of the
American Federation of Arts
held in Washington on May 16
1924





Tkhe Value of f/rt
to the People
I HAVE been asked to make a few
observations on the subject of
"The Value of Art to the People."
In doing so, let me say at the outset that, when speaking of "the people," I use the term not with the somewhat patronizing inflection and in the
rather limited sense sometimes im-,
parted to it, but that I include in it
the well-to-do, the successful, the
learned, the distinguished, as well as
"the butcher, the baker, the candlestick maker," and so forth.
v   V  V
It seems to me that, when speaking
of the arts, we must not overlook the



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

art of living. Walter Pater, in his
great book, "The Renaissance," says:
"We have an interval, and then our
place knows us no more.... Our
one chance lies in expanding that interval, in getting as many pulsations
as possible into the given time." He
urges an activity which "does yield
you this fruit of a quickened, multiplied consciousness," and he puts
foremost among the means available
towards that end the cultivation of
beauty land art.
Whether or not we share this viewpoint and appraisal, there can be no
doubt that no life is quite complete,
however worthy, useful and successful
it may be, which does not include a
responsiveness to the call of beauty
and art, which has not known the
thrill that comes from these things.
v   v  v



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

When the right to vote was first
given to broad masses of the people
in England, a great aristocrat said,
"Now, we must educate our masters."
He was right. He enunciated a theory which many years earlier had been
adopted as basic in the conception
of democracy in America.
But education that envisages merely the brain is a lopsided thing. To
be complete, to fulfill its true purpose, it must not only envisage likewise the training of character, but it
must also foster taste and seek to
minister to that subtle, undefinable
and multipotent thing which we call
the soul.
The lives of the vast majority of
the people are cast upon a background of sameness and routine. Perhaps that may be unavoidable. The
world's daily work has got to be done.
But all the more reason and needful


THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

ness for opening up, for making
readily accessible and for cultivating,
those pastures where beauty and inspiration may be gathered by all.
We all, rich and poor alike, need
to give our souls an airing once in a
while. We need to exercise the muscles of our inner selves just as we exercise those of our bodies. We must
have outlets for our emotions. Qualities and impulses of the right kind,
when given due scope, enhance the
zest and happiness of our lives; when
thwarted, starved or denied, they are
apt to turn to poison within us.
Some of the unrest, the unruliness,
the transgressions even, of the day,
some of the seeking after sensations,
some of the manifestations of extreme   and   subversive  tendencies,
arise  in  no   small  part, I    believe, from an impulse of reaction
against the humdrumness and lack of
6



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

inspirational opportunity of everyday existence. Much can be done by
art to give satisfaction to that natural
and legitimate impulse and to lead it
into fruitful channels instead of letting it run,a misguided or even destructive course.
V   V   V
Art is not the plaything of opulence.  It is a robust, red-blooded
thing. It is true equality of opportunity. In a world too much given
to accentuate the things which divide
us, it is one of those fundamental
elements which unite us and make us
kin in common understanding, common feelings, common reactions. It
is true democracy, knowing nothing
of caste, class or rank. It may bestow its choicest gifts upon utter
poverty; it may deny them entirely
to great wealth.



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

A    RT is the truest League of Nations, speaking a language and
preaching a message understood by
all peoples. For ten years the world
has been sadly out of gear. Governments, Parliaments, diplomats, politicians, have vainly tried to set it
right. The devil's visitation which
was let loose upon the world ten years
ago, to the defeat and disaster of its
perpetrators, and from the aftermath
of which it has not yet been able to
free itself, arose from an accursed
aberration of the spirit. It can only
be banished wholly by the power of
the spirit, mobilized and marshalled
for high and righteous aims. Among
those fields where the rare and benign
herbs grow, from which healing may
be gathered for the ills of the world,
one of the most fecund is that of art.
Art is a mighty element for civic
progress. It leads us to seek and to
8



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

appreciate that which is high, worthy
and exalting, and to despise, and to
turn away from, that which is vulgar,
cheap and degrading.
v   v  V
It is no copy-book maxim, but sober
truth to say that to have appreciation
of, and understanding for, art is to
have one of the most genuine and remunerative forms of wealth which it
is given to mortal man to possess. I
measure my words when I say that
not the most profitable transaction of
my business career has brought me
results comparable in value and in
lasting yield to those which I derived
from the investment of hearing, in my
early youth, let us say, "Tristan and
Isolde," or seeing Botticelli's "Primavera." Moreover, the dividends which
we receive from the appreciation of
beauty and the cultivation of tart are

9



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

wholly "tax-exempt." No surtaxes
can diminish them, no Bolshevik can
take them away from us.
Art is a veritable "fountain of
youth." The ancients had a saying,
"Those whom    the gods love, die
young." I would interpret that saying to mean not that those favored
by the gods die young in years, but
that by the grace of the gods they
remain young to their dying day,
however long that be deferred. I
venture to question whether there is
any tonic as stimulating, any glandtransplantation as rejuvenating as is
the quickening of the blood, the stirring up of the inner, deeper, self,
which the powerful medicine of art
can bring about. Those who love art
and are truly susceptible to its spell,
do die young in the sense that they remain young to their dying day.
v   v  v

IO



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

SUCH     observations as I have had
opportunity to make-and the
opportunities have been frequent and
varied-have convinced me that there
are many millions of the plain people
whose souls are hungry, whose ears
are open to the call of art, whose
eyes light up at her approach, whose
voices welcome her with enthusiastic
gladness.
These observations have convinced
me, too, that "you can trust the
people" even in art. That does not
mean that every horny-handed son of
toil is, or can be made, an art connoisseur.  It does not mean that the
people, by and large, whatever their
station, are born with good taste. On
the contrary, the vast majority,
whether of rich or poor parentage,
are born with a natural tendency to
respond rather to the garish, vivid
and obvious than the mellow, reII



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

strained and aesthetic. It does mean
that the masses of the American
people are susceptible to the message
of true art, that they are responsive
to education and example in art, that
they  welcome and    gladly   follow
leadership on the road to knowledge
and discernment, and that once they
have become imbued with correct
standards of appreciation they adhere
to them and apply them. As one
conspicuous illustration of this, I
need only point to the style of architecture which now prevails in America for buildings, public or private,
large or small, down to the most
modest, as compared to what it used
to be a generation ago.
Much yet remains to be done for
the popularization of art, the training of taste, and the providing of opportunity for artistic talent and ambition, but a great deal has been done
12



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

of late years, and more and more is
being done to excellent effect.
v   V   v
I believe, speaking generally, and
with those reservations which are
inherent in the enormous size of our
country and the vastness of its population, it is not too much to say that
the American standard of art appreciation has reached a point where
it is either equal or superior to that
prevailing among the peoples of
Europe, with very few exceptions.
It may be mentioned in this connection as a circumstance significant
of the past two decades on this soil,
that the scoffer at art has gone completely out of fashion. He who would
indulge in jeers and gibes at serious
art movements, who would disparage
and slight, let alone hinder or oppose,

13



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

art, finds listeners or followers no
longer in America. Art has overrun
and captured the trenches which were
held against her by incomprehension,
indifference and prejudice, and, passing beyond, has firmly established
herself in an unassailable position.
She stands respected by all, revered
by many.
It has been a source of wonderment
to me, many a time, how frequently
"the people" are underestimated by
those Who seek their votes or their
patronage. Too many of our politicians seem to think that the people
want and need to be coddled and flattered and "softsoaped," though experience has shown that the royal
road to popular success is to demonstrate courage and independence
and to stand up man-fashion for one's
convictions.  Similarly, while it is
gratifying to record the great and
14



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

auspicious progress of the American
stage within the recent past, we still
meet purveyors of theatrical wares
who seem to think that they must
play down to an assumed level of
public shallowness and "tired business man" standards, although experience has shown that the greatest
probability of scoring a hit is in aiming high.
v   v  v
The American Federation of Arts,
with faith in the people and with
understanding of the people, is pointing the way along the road which
leads to the heights. It is calling the
people to follow, and it is not calling
in  vain.  A   distinguished  writer
has said: "There is only one thing
that can be taught: by wise teachers,
by love, by example, by privation, by
sorrow, by life, we can be taught to
i5



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

learn. Beyond that, although everything may be learned, hardly anything can be taught." In the fine
sense of these pregnant words, your
Federation is indeed teaching the
people to learn.
v   V  V
Shortly after victory had been won
in the late war, Mr. Lloyd George
made a speech in which, referring
to the armies returning home, he
pledged his,aid to "make England a
country fit for heroes to live in."
Far be it from me to fail in admiring and grateful recognition of the
glorious heroism of those, Americans
and others, with whose blood, willingly shed in a noble cause, victory was
written upon the banners of America and her Allies. But there is another kind of heroism-less stirring,
less impressive, not recorded in the
16



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE

book of fame, but no less real. It is
that of the many millions of average
men and women who, in meeting the
tasks of the workaday world, practice the brave and simple philosophy
of righteous living; who, uncheered
by comrades, unstimulated by the
ardor of battle, unrewarded by renown, contribute to the common
cause daily acts of self-discipline and
self-denial, of honor and of duty and
of faith. It is one of the noblest
achievements in the upward struggle
of humanity through the ages,-this
habitual, homely, ingrained heroism
of the rank and file, of the "unknown
soldier" of the battle of life.
To those people, the plain men
and women of America, you are
bringing true enrichment. You are
enhancing the wages of their lives by
aiding them to find and have access
to the joys and inspirations, to the
17



THE VALUE OF ART TO THE PEOPLE
compensation and solace, which are
derivable from art. The American
Federation of Arts is performing
with admirable public spirit and efficiency, a valuable service of twofold
purport: It is bringing art to the
people, and it is bringing the people
to art.







I



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