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MEN R MEN VkMEMO. ga Offinimllim 'Ev "~r" ý, ý em Ka gig'; WOR J Q T Ml Lp W. TP JOY,, I,, is -MIN kt` -vl*_F; MOW 'Elm, 5l,-_ 1, 1 ýo ýr, IND g SIMI' 'ro M, _31 Mul LOW_ Ziý q777 z,~ L /,Z A Bicentennial Republication of the Kalamazoo Public Museum 1776 -1976 Kalamazoo Michigan NOTIC1e91 Tb. Ladles Library Association of ZKl 102- l fully considered the subject of celebrtii4 thedlat diy o( June next, being a Quarter of a Century sine thes aettle. mont of this town ad county, and wishing thatu s sellbratlon should be one of geneal later er do.moat eoow& ally unite the ndlee " and Gestisemen.o f I vseo ad vicinity, to unite Wvith them In such public eeiebration, and for that puqpoae to meet at the Court Rouse, n aKahernaoo, at 100 cldck, on Wedesaeay moranm Jwse 21*,154 -By order othe BDoad, MrsIr. D. G, TRAVRK Seely. -PROGRAKMa Qf Um quafrtr Oesnhtloe Ia iaeraao to, We& 1. Music by the Kla"soo a"d. 2. Hymn read hy Prof. 0rav es and sung by the Coureg-alon. 8. Prayer by )Rev. Mr. Boyt. 4.:nxgng by t3p Glee Club. S. Addrbs by'Woe. V. W. Ourtenino. & Singingby tb3ilee Club% T. Poem by Mr.D. a&fr own, of Schoolcrefth & The Baed L iWd to the Firsemn's Rai, whber e-m ieslment. wll he Ia rdinew. 0. ReLiUgotu servic, at tab!e by Rev. Mr. Smith. 10. After dinner Toast appropriate to the o"aWlon. 11. Music by the Glee Okxb and by the Band, will dose the ezercaeuw X. B.-Befreshment Utoketa 50 cents, to be had at both t oostores, at the Court Hqueo, and at the door of the an. Ifslly man& saemt bhoxe the efpentse, they will be devoted woaid the LadiesLibrary. 1048w1 NOTICE Kalamazoo Gazette, June 16, 1854 /1 Ii/w ~ Kalamazoo, c. 1870 Main (Michigan Ave.) looking east from Church St. Photo courtesy Mrs. Dorothy Dalrymple INTRODUCTION Michigan became a state in 1837. Even before that date, in 1828, to be exact, the men and women who had begun the process that transformed Michigan from an uncharted wilderness into a productive agricultural and industrial state, organized the Historical Society of Michigan under the leadership of leading citizens, including Governor Lewis Cass. They were conscious of their accomplishments and were anxious to record and preserve the history of Michigan as a territory, and later as a state. This group, with the Governor as its first President, gathered historical data and objects for the benefit of posterity. Addresses given by some of its members were published and titled Historical and Scientific Shetches of Michigan. This wds a notable accomplishment since Michigan was still a territory and on the edge of the frontier of that time. A later organization, the Pioneer Society of Michigan, gathered historical data on a state-wide basis and published it as the Report of the Pioneer Society of the State of Michigan from 1877 to 1907. The pioneers of Kalamazoo County were no less conscious and proud of their contributions to state and local history. By the 1870's their numbers were being steadily dim.inished by time and something had to be done to save their knowledge of the past and their personal experiences for future generations. They organized themselves into a Pioneer Society of Kalamazoo County in 1871. Picnics and other gatherings were held at which papers were given embodying their recollections and historical facts. Many of their addresses appeared in the above publication of the Pioneer Society of Michigan, later known as the Michigan Pioneer and Historical Society. Its successor, the Historical Society of Michigan, is still a viable and valuable historical organization. On June 21, 1854, Kalamazoo and Kalamazoo County celebrated its 25th anniversary. Population had grown from itinerant Indian traders on the Kalamazoo River to well over 2,500 persons. Government land was all but gone and with it went the initial pioneering period. The time had come for intensive development of natural aid human resources. It was also time to take stock of what had happened during the first quarter century of the settlement of the Village and County of Kalamazoo. The celebration was successful and the Ladies' Library Association undertook the publication of the speeches, poems, etc., in book form in 1855. Its contents are varied, interesting and a valuable reflection of times, values and deeds of our predecessors. History, it has been said, is the link between generations. The Quarter Century Celebration of Kalamnazoo is one of the bridges between Kalamazoo of the past and the future. Alexis A. Praus, Director Kalamazoo Public Museum Kalamazoo, Michigan July, 1976 QUARTER CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF T"U SETTLMEZNT OF KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN. PUTBLISHED BY ORDRR 0F THU BOARID OF DIRECTORS 01 THU GAZETTE PRINT, KALAMAZOO, 185,50 1~77. L/K/Z Is 6#(!.0. CIRCULAR. IT is in contemplation, by the Ladies of Kalamazoo, to celebrate the termination of the rrnsT QUARTER OF A CENTURY, since the settlement of that Village by white inhabitants, and in referonce to such an event, they are anxious to collect as much authentic information as possible, relative to its early existence. To you, as one of the pioneer residents, whose memory must supply many Interesting and important facts, thu Committee appointed for that purpose, respectfully suggest the following important points of interest, regarding which they would feel obliged by any information in your power, accompanied by as precise dates as possible. The Indian tribes inhabiting this region, and their intercourse with the white settlers. Tile political and civil organization of the County and Villago. The errly history of the different churches and schools, with the dates of their organization; and all such personal and local recollections as may occur to your mind, as suitable for such a )purpose. Tho committee will feel grateful for an early answer to their application, embodying sucht information and reminiuceunc in a written form, and addressed to any one of their number. MRS. A. S. KEDZIE, SJ. A. B. STONE. '* D. B. WEBSTER. 0 A. RANSOM, KAL,&LAmzoo, March 2, 1853.. TRiVER. INTRODUCTION. TaH foregoing circular was forwarded to many of the early settlers of Kalaa mazoo, but unfortunately, was responded to in writing, by very few. It had, however, the good effect to notify a large number of friends, who encouraged and aided by their presence, in carrying out the objects of the Association. From the commencement of its organization, it has been the intention of the " LADIES' LIBRARY AssocATIosN," to preserve all the historical recurds that can be obtained' of the early condition of this village and county. They have therefore endeavored to obtain, from persons now living, such information as they might be able to communicate. The few answers they have received to their solicitations, will be found in another part of this volume. To those gentlemen who have so kindly favored us with their reminiscences, the thanks of the Association are cordially tendered. But these thanks, heartfelt and ardent as they certainly are, cannot compare with those, that will arise from the bosoms of our children's children, when in after years they tell the unbroken story of the progress of this beautiful village, from the hands of its savage occupants to its present enviable position. It is not common for a community or society to celebrate so short an existence as the fourth of a century. Generally, a centary is allowed to pars, before an attempt is made to gather its historical fragments, and then they are gone, whose fearless hearts, and hands of power, had made the forest bow, and planted civilization in the place of savage rule. But in this case, we have it our midst the very men who figured in the infancy of the village; and when another quarter of a century shall come round, they may be found, still active, and vigorous. God grant they may then be able to testify to the events, it is Aow our pleasure to chroniole! KALAMAZOO. KALAMAZOO is the County-seat of Kalamazoo County, situa-,ed upon the river of the same name, and nearly midway on ihe Michigan Central Railroad, between Chicago and Detroit. It is surrounded by a rich, well watered, and fertile country; by numerous small prairies, and by quiet, romantic lakes. The village is regularly laid out, adorned with elegant and substantial buildings, for business, with comfortable and tasteful residences, and beautified by trees and shrubbery. "The Bur Oak plain," upon which it is situated, is the spot selected by COOPER, in his "Oak Openings," for the introduction of his "Bee Hunter," who is an actual character, though now, unfortunately for us, residing in a neighboring State. The beautiful native trees, which areusually the first object of attack to the pioneer, are here allowed to stand in their primitive grace; and add more than all other objects, to the loveliness of the village. The prevalence of the forest trees has given the place the title of " Bur Oak City." though it has only a village charter. The trees, of stately growth, and refreshing shade, give it the appearance of greater age than belongs to it; for it is little more than 25 years since the first civilized settlements were made here; and now, we have among us, men in the prime of life, who well remember the war-whoop of the savage, and the wild howl of the wolf, as he made his nightly rounds of plunder and death. Without any invidious comparisons, it may perhaps be safely affirmed, that Kalamazoo is the most picturesque of all the pleasant villages of Michigan. It has the air of a New England town, except that the animation of its bustling population would soon convince a stranger that he was far away from the quiet of his earlier home. Possessing an extensive trade with the country north, west, and south, for the last year or two, it has shipped more wheat than any other place on the Railroad. Unlike many of our western villages, its population is more American than foreign; and is variously estimated from 5000 to 7000 inhabitants. They are distinguished for their enterprise, public spirit, intelligence, and pride of their chosen dwelling place. Et"c ies TIbrnrq Itsociatiout WAS organized in the year 1852, by several ladies of the village. Their object was, not only lersonal improvements hut also to cultivate, in the community generally, and especiallv in the rising generation, a taste, for such books as are really useful. 'To accomplish these results, they collected a,ibrary, and obtained a charter. rhe Association is managed by a bo;ird of twelve ofiicers annually chosen, and since its commencement has been steadily gaining uoon the confidence of the public; while the Library, yet in its infancy, has become an object of interest, and a source of good to all who have availed thernselves of its advantages. Early in the history of thc Association, it was proposed to celebrate the completion ot the first quarter of a centurv, since the 61 Bur Ok plain" was surlrendered by the savages, to the children of civilization. The subject ws unnder consideration for some time, and it was finally decided to attempt such a celebration. It was ascertained that the 21st (lay (f Jupe, 1854, markled the lperiod of twenty-five years since suel settlement was inade. That day was threfore decided upon, and arrangements were made to celebrate the event in a becoming manner. Notice was circulated, by means of newspapers, and hand-bills, and the interest of the community generally enlisted. E. LAKIN BLZoWN, Esq., from a neighboring town, and Col. CUnRtEusNI from otir owni vicinity, were appointed to act, as poet and orator. They freely responded to the wishes of the Ladies, and their interesting productions will be found in another part of this volume. At this stage of eventM, the assistance of the gentlemen was solicited, and promptly render-ed; and all the preliminary arrangements were judiciously made. A bountiful (linner providing fur three hundred persows, was prepared by the Association, assisted by the Ladies of the village. The Firemen's Hall was selected as the place for the dinner, and was tastefully decorated with paintiop xiid flowers. The Moring of the 21st was durk nnd cloudy, giving evri. dence of an unpleasant day, and the threatening looks of the heavens appeared to indi~cate that the pleasantness of the celebration would be seriously diminished 14y kinds arid storm, but like the progress of our city, as timne advanced, the clouids broke away, and by 11 o'clock in the morning, the sun shone forth in all its briliancy upon a refr-eshing scene, giving hopes of the most happy result. The rains of tuie miorning had cooled and purified the air, and all was animation beneath the oaken shade. At about half-past ten o'clock, our citizens assembled at the Court House for the purpose of participating in the exercises (Of our first "quarter century " celebratioti, and in a few moments thle house was filled to overtfowing. Armong the 4udience present, we witnessed many of the old pioneers of the village, who were all interest and attention during the exercises. There were many strangers also present. We were particularly pleased to see so many of the youth of this village, the attention they exhibited, and thc order and decorum with which they behaved. The exercises were commenced by a few opening, and appropriate remarks, by the President of the day, Ex-GOVEROR RANSOM, after which the following order of exercises was observed. 1. Music by the Kalamazoo band, 2. Piyrnn read by Prof. GRAVES, and sung by the congregation. 3. Prayer by Rev. Mr. HTOYT. 4. Singing by the Glee Club. 5. Address by F. W. CU'RTENlU. 6. Singing by the Glee Club, 7. Poem. by Mr. E. L, BRowN, of Schoolcraft. The address of CCl. CURTENIUS was listened to with deep interest and attention, not ouly as a finished literary production, but as a review of the past, and a well drawn ideal of the future. it created a favorable and lasting impression upot. his auditors. The poem of E. LAKIN BROWN fully niet thle high wroughlt expectations of his friends. Its classic beauty and high torne render it worthy of a place in the front rank of the poetical literature of the age. After the exercises at the Court House, the assembly proceecded to the Firemen's Hall where an excellent dinner had been prepared (by the Ladieo' Library Association,) and tbose present, following the advice of the President, "fell to and spared not." After dinner the following volunteer and regular toasts were given: Regular Toasts. 1st. The Quarter Certury Celebration, of the settlement of Kalamazoo by white inhabitants-its value can only be appreciated by those who come after us. Responded to by Joseph Miller, Jr. 2nd. The Church and School house-in new, as in old countries, indispensable and inseparable. Responded to by Prof. Stone. 3d. Kalamazoo and its like--necessary lessons in the World's education. Responded to by Rev. A. S. Kedzie. 4th. The Ladies' Library Association-like some of its lamented founders, already immortal. Responded to by W. C. Dennison. 5th. The Burl Oak City-a sure prophecy. Responded to by N. A. Balch. 6th. The Kalamazoo Theological Seminary--"a city that is set on a hill cannot be hid." Responded to by Prof. Graves. 7th. Our Firemen-helpers in fiery trials-the real cold water men of the age. Responded to by W. C. Ransom. 8th. The Kalamazoo Farmers-reapirg as they have sowed. Responded to by Joseph Miller, of Richland. 9th. The Press-Reformation by information. Responded to by J. W. Breese. 10th. The Early Settlers-" workmen that need not be ashamed." Responded to by Gov. Ransom. 11th. Our public improvements-elements of a higher civlization. Responded to by Rev. Mr. Hoyt. 12th. The day we celebrate-the 25th anniversary of the settlement of Kalamazoo-it presents a broad and happy contrast to the "land-office times" of '35 and '36. Responded to by T. S. AtLee. By E. H. Huntington. The decoration of the Firemen's Hall, for the present occasion-but another expression of the refined taste and excellent sense of the ladies of Kalamazoo. By Mr. AtLee. The Firemen of Kalamazoo--in adversity our best friends, in prosperity our honor and boast. The Glee Club and Kalamazoo band-their notes are good, and will always pass current in our midst. By S. S. Cobb. The Ladies' Library Association of Kalamazoo-" brought up" on ice cream, it shows by its condition that it has had wholesome food. The Village of Kalamazoo-yet in its infancy, who can say that it is not a "' pretty smart child for one of its age." By R. S. Babcock. The 21st day of June, 1854-may this be a day long remembered by us all; and may the next quarter century show a great increase in wealth, population. refinement, and all that constitutes a desirable acquisition to our glorious village of Kalamazoo. By S. S. Cobb. E. L. Brown, Esq., from whose lips we have listened to the beautiful poem delivered this day; may lie live to favor us in like manner, on a similar occasion, a quarter of a century hence. By Mr. Frank Alley. The day we celebrate-the 21st of June, the longest day in the year. May the events of the day live longest in the memory of this association. The pioneer Mothers of Kalamazoo-if present,they might exclaim with the Rotian mother, " these are my jewels." By N. A. Balcl. The mothers of the East-may they ever be as well represented in the West, as by their fair daughters on this occasion. The pioneer woimen of Kalamazoo-the wilderness and the solitary place are glad for them, and children's children will rise up and call them blessed. By 0. Starr. The Ladies of Kalamazoo-a rare combination of bright flowers; an embodiment of truth, love, and virtue. We exult in their firmness; applaud their goodness, weep over their faults, and love, cherish, and protect them always. By Doct. Hendec, Dentist, &c. The Ladies of Kalamazoo --none present doubt their ability to got up the best filling for teeth. By Rev. Mr. Kc zie. Ccl. Curtenius, the farmer, the citizen, and lte orator. Volunteer Toasts. By Mr. AtLee. Silas Lovell Esq., of lonia, Mlich., our respected invited guest; cur first Justice of the Petace, and the pioneer w~ho ei-ected the first frame for a dwellin h IouIsO ini Kalaiwazoo. A-Ve cordially welcome him in our midst. Ite!sponded to) by3 Mr. Lovell. ByJamies P". Clapham. The mnemory of' the late Gen. Pur Wik, one of the original p-toneers and] fouliders A' Kalama~zoo, to him we ai-e indebted for its pro0sperit7, larnd for ilhe preserv'ationi of our bca-Litiful burr oaks. Bly Judge Webster. 'Hie memory of Titus Bronson, one~ of our earliest pioneers, arid the first proprietor of a part of the pint of' Kalamazoo. ', l3N' Itcv C. C. Taylor. The memory of the Rev%. George XWnsliiigtori Cole--honored, sacred, blessed. Py Cmeo rge A. Fitch. T1he Press and Common Seh,'*oolstwyin spirits (of progress a~nd 1 eformn. L'y Prof. Stone. JudgTe larrison, Cooper's Bee hutnter, tho greatest bee hbunter of the agre, arid ti the (Trcaies swarm lie ever discove-red. 8V E. Lakin Brown, of Schooleraft: The Ladies' Library Association of KalamrrazooS".11) still setfkihg.1kuowtedgre, true daughiters of Eve Th1103- a! of 11hC frulithw out notice to leave Nav, so far from biddi-wg thou' Eecii adiCo,. ith ~is that rmlkes Edon of' Kalzi nazoc B3y N. A. B)alIc h. The Ladies of Kalama-zoo--Literature and Scienice boast thecir patronagie; genius and( beauty grow res-plendent Lv ther 'taste; rellirTiumI 111ian morality own] themn as champions; the rich rejoice inI their smiles, and the poor are made glad by thelI'ir rseceIC. By Mr. Dc Yoe. Ke Kalamazoo--tlie boiling-r, pot, may its rborigirtlna-imce be hield ever sacred, and n-ay. the* wholesomo lires of F>uhlic iMprovement, enterprise, inte.1l).gence and phijl111 1ro pvneve VCr go0oU t 1in (i'U mIT)Ids t. Byv 8. S. C obLb. lPrairie ý-Recnde, the Gt-rden of tlie West. By.J.'C. 11ays.The Ladics e - atao--lerbeauty surp'.asscs even that o)f* their be,-uifull vid.lary, aud thc~r perseveiance equals ithe idntes )iris ~*t f Weurly picnaccrs. 11 By Prof. Graves. The 21st day of June-it requires the longest day in the year to do justice to this occasion. By L. H. 'rTask. Kalamazoo, proverbial as fair and beautiful in her youth--may her maturer years be brilliant with such gems as virtue, morality and benevolence. By J. R. Mansell. The quarter century anniversary of the village of Kalamazoo--an agreeable exchange from the hunting-ground and war-whoop of the child of nature, to the embellishments of civilization; may temperance, humanity, and virtue, guide its onward course, that its future may be as propitious as the past. By W. C. Ransom. The surviving pioneers-may the frosts of autumn touch them lightly; the last of life the best. Anon--Our worthy President and the officers of the day: may they all meet together under like happy circumstances, before we say " farewell forever." By W. C. Dennison. The arithmetic of the west--multiplication and addition-no subtraction or division. By V. Hascall. The Ladies of the Kalamazoo Library Association-engaged in the elevation of mind, may they never encourage any other distinctions in society than those which grow out of the right development of this god-like attribute. It was a day, long to be remembered in the annals of our village, not only from its close alliance with our local affairs, but from the perfect union and good fellowship which seemed to pervade all. Address of Col. Curtenius. AIR. PRESIDENT:-What means this gathering? Is it trhe sabbath, and are we here to worship supremacy, as we are wont to do on that sacred day? No! in various ways I am reminded that it is not the Sabbath. Is it the anniversary of our Country's Independence, and are we assembled for the purpose of welcoming its return; our bosoms overflowing with joy and gratitude? No! else we had heard the pealing of bells, and the boom of artillery, the usual heralds of such an occasion. Surely, the foot of no foe is pressing our frontier, and we are not convened for the purpose of maturing plans for mutual defence? So far from it, we are at peace with all the world. Neither is it a gathering to express our indignation at some glaring outrage on the part of the Government; that's the province of the politician, and wholly incongenial with present purposes. Nor yet is it to celebrate some fancied victory at the Ballot-box, or some glorious achievement upon the tented field. Now the occasion contemplates no such features as these. Motives characterized by novelty on the one hand, blending interest with pleasuie and utility on the other, contribute largely to the excitement of the day. While the embroidery, and the various domestic arrangments of one portion of my audience are laid aside, and dismissed from their minds for the time being, with another portion, the plough has been left to stand idly in the furrow,-the plane and the chisel to stand cosily together upon the bench, and the hammer to repose quietly at the foot of the anvil, and we are found assembled for the purpose of celebrating the triumphs of PERSEVERANCE, of TASTE, and of TOIL. A quarter of a century having been stricken from the roll of time, since civilization first dawned upon the spot we now occupy, a spot endeared to us by the name of home, it were well to pause a little and contemplate our position. Memory, laden with the gems of the past, comes and lays them down beside the fruit 13 of the present, and provokes comparison. As the events of the last twenty-five years roll in review before us, reflections partaking of various hues are awakened. Prosperity and adversity-joy and sorrow-success and defeat, each in turn contributes to swell the train, and to arrest the attention. Notwithstanding, memory, faithful to her great c:rimmiasion, arrays before the mind scenes, rich in pleasure. rich in whatever imparts happiness and satisfaction to the heart; it is equally faithful to lead many to the grave, and there temper their joy with their sorrow. It is through sunshine and showers-- through tears and smiles that the past is always to be reviewed. It is more particularly in consonance with our design to linger upon the past and present of our village-to wander back a quarter of a century, and to look in upon it, as it lay sleeping in its cradle,-to watch, (as many of us have done,) its first feeble, tottering steps-to revive the emotions of pleasure it afforded, as from time to time, it gave evidence of a wholesome approach to maturity, and to speak, (as we do to-day,) of its present prosperous condition. How great is the change which has come over "the spirit of our early dreams. But a little while since, and Kalamazoo was known only as the haunt of the Indian,--to-day, no spot in Michigan is a centre of more attraction and beauty. We do not claim for it the splendor of Rome, nor the gaiety of Paris, nor the commercial prosperity of an overgrown metropolis, nor the literature of a Cambridge, nor the wealth of a New England village; we lay claim to none of these. We speak of it as an inland settlement, (still in its childhood,) possessing as much native loveliness-claiming as much intelligence and refinement-giving evidence of as much taste, and having before it as auspicious a future as any other village of its age in the almost boundless west. This is not uttered in a spirit of vain boasting: it is but the expression of an honest conviction. Travelers, intelligent and discerring, have again and again alluded to it as the New Haven of the west. And what more glowing comparison need we ask? Others, equall'y intelligent, but more imaginative. compare it to a gem, thickly studded with prairies. Not more, however, for its beauty than its salubrity, is it distinguished. For its healthfulness none can speak more feelingly than the Physician and the sexton. For its commer 14 cial thr ft Pearl street can respond most flatteringly. For successful protressional skifl, Congress, the Bar, the Pulpit, and Medical Societies, can reply in tQnes reflecting credit and hornor. But let us retrace our steps and go back to its dawn; view it in the morning of its existence; speakI,briefly of, its origin and its founder, and then we shall be bette~r pieparned to (Iwell upon its present conditioýn and to take a lproplhetic glance at its probable future. In the month of June, 1829, a quarter of a century since, a traveler reached the banks of a river just as the suin was painting the western sky. Travel-stained and weary, ho seated himself upon the trunk of a fallen oak. Drhawing fr-om either pocket a compass and a map, he commenced their study with ar iearnestness and an assiduity, indicative of a heart enlisted in some important enterprize. WVhile light coiatributed a ray Ins examination was dilijently prosecuted. nor did he desist until twilght was merged in night. Tall, spare and sun-btrnt, with " a countenance dlenoting intellligenee and determi1nation, and the portraiture is complete. So far, as one mighlt rely upon external appearances, he had been wont to move in the medium splhere of life. Neither poverty nor wealth seemed to be his. A,,his feet lay a modest staff, which the forest, in his wandlerings had generously contribited to his support; and by its side, (as of' littie value,) reposed an unassuming budget, containing at once his larder and his wardrobc. Night throwing its shades around him, reminded him of the necessary operation which the cravincgs of the inner man solicited, and of those other little convenicices which would contribute to his repose. His safety, not his comfor-t requiring it, he gathered together a few handsfiull of fuel, and by the aid of steel and flint, a cheerful flame thirew its light upon the water. These preparations consummated with no requium hut the hooting of' the owl or the occasional howling of' the wolf; he threw himnself upon tbe earth, and like a tired child soon forgot his troubles and his trials, and buried them in sleep. Forget did I say; not all, not everything; he dreamed, he dreamed of his home, of his family, of his friends. He thought he was in their inidst, and over and over again he repeated the story of his wanderings; he told them of the dense forests he had penetrated; of the extended plains is over ikwhich he had traveled, with here and there a tree standing out in isolated grandeur, arrayed in a wealth of foliage4 impartinfg to the scene the deceptive appearance of civilized I1fe with none of its reality; he lingered in his tale, upon the beautiful Prairies over which h-e passed, sown as lie said], brodcast witli flowers; he told of la kes and lakelets without numhers, Presc-ting surfac-es not. unli'kc burnished steel; and whiie to the hunter, lie spoke of deer Andloose - he delighted the childreni with stoties of skJipj'dA:., fiawns aid birds of varikd p Iu ma re. That nugdht like all other nights ended, and the sun of another dav (hissiptated at once the doew:d the dream. The land wh!i i fanc\y had created rctri'ed before the l-and which owed it. Creation to a h1igheIr power. In the str 'tin \ ii( h lot-ld the banks upon' which he had Slept, his inoriint 'thlution was periformed. This done, and a hasty nCeal be'uring al appal"n)g resemnbrance to many a P1*CVi0U1&S one09 fortified hiln for another day's exploits. With stati and bwtm. Fet t dI-OW n across his shoulders lie entered the si'earn, anld in dttuC timine (ained the opposite bank. WhN'ile to Some, the passage of a river, or the threading of a forest presonts a formi mifable o!bstacle, to the pioneer and the aspirant forr adVen1tur-e hlie1 z0e trifles,TrIfifes light as air." The strecami fordeti, hIs disordered dress ari-an,ricd, and on hz wen)t. E vcr and anon hie wou:ld pause ancd gaze and admire. '1'i c day and the scene wete such as would have woed the pencil. The Burr-oaks, (just as they are to-day,) were out in full foliage tand as ie. occasionoally stopped and disturbed the soil with his foot omr his staff. the exclamation would involuntary cscap.e hýim, - surdy nature has bcen lavishi here." Less than a tiile of' his Journey had been accomplished Whnen a (notitid stood directly in his pathway. Whether planted there by the hand of' iattwre, or whctlher art had assigrned it was a problem which lie was unable to soivc. Without ay'' (clcijsion, lie aga-Iin an I ag-ain made its cir'cuit, lHe then ascendedJOLI to its summit. and as he gazed upan'the surrounding liene, his eye fell uplon the gardei' teds of' a tribe long since passed awvay, even beyond the bounds of ti-adition. Thcn hi Imnewv thrat man was its author. And there unor that maound, not unlike a bronzcd statute, 16 'is &rms crossing his bosom, rnethinks I can even now behold htim standing. Backwards, forwards, with his eye he swept the landscape, all tire while his countenance lighted up with i smile, as if some p'easing panorama was moving bef"ore him. Then he would change his position for the purpose of catch-- ing a newer vision, in the meanwhile the sante smile of complacencY triumphing. Northward, awva in the distance, whichli e could indistinctly discern through the intervening foliage was spreadI out one of natures grant meadows, inviting the scythe and telling of grazing nerds. To the east he knew that a sluggish streanm meandered, for he had pleasantly dreamed u'[oil its banks the nighllt before. Trhen he turned to the south, and before hiin* was napped a luxuriant plain, which his judgrnent told was equally adapted to the plat or the plouglhshare; while to the west, a beautiful amphitheatre of hills of various heihlits shut out a view of scenery beyond. In imag-ination, upon those hills he saw countless dlocks feeding, arid here and thcre, a villa, half concealed ii shrubbery. All tI~iS, he saw in fancy. and was satisfied. " Here Ihenl" lie exclaimed "1is my journey's end." "nThis is thie Canaan, of which long I've dreamed." For [tours, solitary and alone, he surveyed his little world, more and nore ciichanted with the scene. His whole mind was absorbed in p'rospective plans. Vkiohs of well-filled coffers,-of untold flocks and herds --- and of groaning graineries constantly floated bef'ore him, and more that, once he thought the -usthing of the leaves spoke of fame and prowess. Every nook and corner of territory was closely scannedl, with a view to the selection of a site for his future domicile. The selection of a desirable spot, comibining dall those advantages, of which the pioneer is so chary, broughit hIllsI-abors to a termination. In process of time an unassuming cabin graced the selected mite, andl in it, the wanderer and his family, with no evidences Of civilizatioin around him, were securely inducted. All thil mnav seen) to wear' the livery of fiction, and yet, like a truthful ristorian, I have scrupulously endeavoqrcd to chronicle facts. Liet the sequel furnish the test of fidelity to truth. Trhe streamn, upon which tire weary wandcrer slept in thre urininer of' 1829. was the 'Kalamazoo. It glides there still. 'Thee Burr-oak plain, upon which he entered after fordinig the 17 river, is the sight of our beautiful village; the mound upon which he stood as he gazed on the surrounding scene and made the decision that it should be his home, still stands in yonder park. a monument, not only for a race lost to history or even tradition, but of the good taste of those who having the power, yet refused to exercise that power in its destruction. The luxuiriant meadow, which, through the foliage he could but in-disunctly discern, is spread out there still, furnishing ample employment for the scythe, and abundance of food for the ox. The foundation of an asylum, which will one day reflect credit upon the place--the embryo college-the cemetery and various mansions are beginning to crown the western eminences in perfect accordance with the predictions of the farseeing pioneer. The humble cabin, to which we referred, has ceased to exist to the eye, but to the memory of your speaker and to many of his hearers. it is as fresh as when it presented its unassuming proportions. In 1835 it was the residence of one who subsequently became the Chief Justice and the Chief Magistrate of Michigan. The builder and primary occupant of that cabin-the pioneer of this village, and the travel-stained and weary adventurer who slept upon the banks of the Kalamazoo a quarter of a century since, are one and the same--(to-wit:) Titus Bronson. It may not be known to all my audience, that for several years this village was known as the village of Bronson, and as such always appeared upon the original maps of the State. It may not be devoid of interest, perhaps, to pause a moment and enquire who is TITUS BRONSON. When we said that he was tall and spare and sun burnt, with a countenanee bespeaking intellect and determination, we described the man as he appeared to us. His mind was a store-house of historical facts, strangely mingled with chimeras. The world was not created exactly in accordance with his ideas of propriety and perfection; nor was society formed precisely upon the right babis. His study seemed to be, to devise plans for rectilying both. Few men possessed a memory so tenacious of whatever came within its grasp. Reading was to him a source of infinite pleasure, and whatever he read, was treasured up, apparently without an effort, and could be referred to years afterwards with reliability. 3* 18 Often when we have encountered him, whether by the way-side, or in the field, or the forest, we have lingered for hours and learned of him. Whenever our conversation took that direction, he would travel back for centuries, and with an accuracy that was truly astonishing, he would run over the history of Rome, and Greece, and Carthage, from the day they were founded to the day they crumbled. With these subjects we supposed that we were somewhat familiar, yet we acknowledge we could learn of him. Eccentricity, coupled with an abrupt and unfortunate freedom of speech, reckless of his audience, begat in the minds of many a bitter dislike for him. By nature, a species of cosmopolite, no spot on earth having a strong hold upon him; soon tired with familiar objects, easily mortified by any appearawces of neglect, these added to an insatiable desire to identify his name with some giant achievement, were sufficient inducements for him to part with his interest in our village plat, and with the proceeds, (unregretted save by a few ) be took once more the direction of the setting sun. Rumor, since his departure, has spoken of him at distant periods, and even then, but faintly. Five years since, and it was whispered that he was houseless, wifeless, penniless, spiritless:--Still later, (some two yeai s ago,) and worn out in his endeavors to achieve some great exploit, broken-hearted, he emigrated to a land "where the wicked cease from troubling, and the weary are at rest." We introduced him to you sleeping upon the banks of the Kalamazoo, we leave. him sleeping ("1that sleep which. nows no waking") upon the banks of the Mississippi, furnishing additional evidence that the path of fame and wealth, like the path of glory leads but to the grave. Such are some of the incidents connected with the early settlement of our embryo city. Identified with its infancy, are names perhaps more familiar to my audience. Conspicuous among them, are those of Cyrus Lovell, Major Edwards, Judge Ransom, Samuel H. Ransom, Gen]. Burdick, Judge Burdick, Doctors Porter, Abbott and Starkweather, Isaac Vickery, Silas Trowbridge, Theodore P. Sheldon, John P'. Marsh, Amariah T. Prouty, Luther H. Trask, Rollin Wood, and though last, by no means least, Col. Thomas C. Sheldon, wh,) within the last ten days has taken his depaiture for "that bourne from whence no traveller returns." With such an array of the elements of success; with so much intelligence, perseverance, industry and pride of character, it is by no means surprising that a foundation so firm and permanent was laid, and that such a wealth of prosperity has resulted from their efforts. Succeeding these but a few years, came a class, whose displays of taste (ornamental, architectural and horticultural) have won for us the celebrity of a " model village." Though sufficiently vigorous and marked in its incipiency, yet its growth, in comparison with the forced growth of other villages in Michigan might be considered slow and unwarrantable. While others, under hot-bed appliances, leaped, (as it were ) into maturity, ours was characterised by a sure and steady advancement. What, I would ask, is the comparative posiion to-day? Where is the village in the west that occupies a prouder place, or can boast of a more glorious and splendid prospective? Set memory at work; search anywhere and everywhere, within a circle having: a diameter of two hundred miles, and then name the spot. Where will you find one whose educational wants are be.; r supplied,-whether common school--academic or theological? Though there is ample room yet for improvement, where is there one, outside of New England, where morals take a wider range? Who has ever known her to disgrace herself with a mob or a murder? Where will you find one whose sky is pierced by more spires - whose courts are more numerously pressed, whose pulpits are more ably filled --- or the Gospel proclaimed with a less uncertain sound! where, I repeat it, where? Show me one, whose merchants are characterized by more integrity; whose Ledgers are more honestly posted, or whose prospects of one day becoming princes and closing their career on these western heights, amid splendor and honor and usefulness, are fairer f Whose mechanics rival ours --- whether it be in intelligence or skill or taste? In what village do physicians find less patients, or lawyers less clients? Disease and litigatton find no fostering spirits here. Tell me --- where do appeals to sympathy or benevolence meet with a readier response? Where is hospitality more a bye-word, or patriotism and public spirit more thoroughly diffused? Where are village newspapers better sustained or more ably conducted? 20 Where will you find a more convenient, or a better arranged Post Office?- where more mailable matter, in proportion to its population, whether it be newspapers or correspondence? Where are better house-wives-and a prospect of plenty more, just budding into womanhood? where is a taste for literature more extensively cultivated, than among the ladies of Kalamazoo? It would consume too much time to follow up these comparisons and contrasts. What will be the terminalion of all this proficiency and success? Will it be the means of inducing a relaxation of efforts, or will success already reached, cause us to pant after still further success? But to continue for a moment longer this train of thought. Where have candidates for the Presidency talked longer or louder than among our groves--or the people shouted longer or louder in reply? As additional and still further evidence of our value and our importance, into what village (in the Union) has Executive patronage flowed so profusely? and where has jealousy been excited in consequence of it, to such an extent? What village is at the same time, heard in the Senate aid House of Representatives of the Union? What village enrolls among its Bankers more ex-governors and ex-judges?What community can boast of millers who take less toll or turn out choicer brands? To all these enquiries comes back the echo " where." We might ask what village is environed by such fertility, or such an approved system of husbandry. Where is there such evidence of versatility and at the same time of success? To-day a merchant, to-morrow a farmer,to-day a farmer, to-morrow a merchant,- one day a mechanic, the next a grocer,- to day behind the plow, to-morrow behind the counter. There seems to be but a step between the furrow and the forum; between the plow and the platform. It would seem as though circumstances throwing us upon our own resources have made us a " peculiar people." These comparisons in which I have indulged are not purely imaginative, so far from it, they will be found, when closely scanned, to be lite-like and characteristic. To the sensitive and the unassuming, the picture may be thought too highly tinted -- still facts have been aimed at, leaving to the future historian, the province of correcting or endorsing. Upon an occasion like this (a quarter century festival) it 21 becomes us as far as possible to view the scene, with the sun falling brightly upon it, and not with a surcharged cloud hanging just above. It were a more grateful task to put to your lips the sunny side of the peach. I might take you to the church yard and enter into a mathematical calculation with regard to the cost of all these achievements, over which we have been boasting. After all it would teach us no lesson, but our frailty, and might have a tendency to throw a pall over the festivities of the day, At best, the earth is but one grave-yard --at every step, you tread upon the dead. Though you take no heed of it, let me cantion you to step lightly, for your feet are continually pressing a grave; I repeat, step lightly. And, since our thoughts have taken this direction, allow me to enquire, where is the village which can boast of a cemetery so romantic and lovely as yours? where one so replete with grandeur and beauty? Why as you thread its avenues, (just us twilight is melting into night,) and gaze upon the quiet resting place of the dead, the grave is actually despoiled of its victory, and as your mind reverts to the various '* ills to which flesh is heir," and the thousand cares and perplexities of life worm themselves unbidden in your bosom, you can contemplate the monument with complacency, and only think of the sleeper beneath, with emotions of ecstacy or envy. And now while we are roaming about that "I n untain home," perhaps it would be right, nay, it is right, indeed, it would be wrong, it would be cruel, not to go and stand beside a new made grave. It's treasure, a mother and her children. And though it was far, far away, that the spirit and the body of that fond mother was divorced, yet in obedience to her dying wish, she is permitted to sweetly sleep almost within'the embrace of her offspring. Beloved by you all, and prominent in your association. it is te her influence and perseverance, as much as to any other, that the festivities of this day had th-ir inception. Her life eked out to this hour, and she would have been identified with this vast throng. While to-day we are assembled, full of glee at the achievements of the past, pluming ourselves ipon the triumphs of architecture, with which our village abounds, methinks I can see her looking down upon us, her countenance radiant with the deepest solicitude, and can almost catch the whisper as it steals from her parted lips "* a 22 ILDS TOO LOW, WHO BUILDS BENEATH THE STARS;"--" HE DILDS TOO LOW, WHO BUILDS BENEATH THE STARS." It is almost unnecessary to say, that it is to Mrs. Kedzie that I allude. Most of you do know her well, and you who know her best, will longest cherish her memory. Without an enemy she lived, without an enemy she died, and for aught I know. or can learn, without a sin. As an appropriate offering to distinguished worth, the ladies of this Association, (of which she was eminently its founder without any narrow reference to denominational distinction,) cannot better express their admiration for her virtues, than by the erection of a suitable monument with a view to their perpetuation. When done, let the chisel sink deep into the granite shaft, the sentiment - "HE BUILDS TOO LOW, WHO BUILDS BENEATH THE STA&RS.# Until such a memorial is consummated, methinks virtue is but half rewarded. Man slays his thousands, scatters misery broadcast over the land, (often in a cause of exceedingly doubtful merit) and yet amid triumph and applause he is hurled into official position so elevated, that moral worth, and talent and patriotismn stagger under the idea of even essaying to reach it, or perchance he falls upon the field, and to-morrow a foundation broad and deep is laid in the earth, fiom which shoots up a column to such a height that its summit plays with the clouds; thus perpetuating the hero's memory, and beguiling others to like achievements. Dangerous display of popular sentiment. " Not to the ensanguined field of death alone, Is valor limited; she sits serene in the deliberate council, Sea 's each source of action; -weighs, prevents, providesi A nd scorns to count her glories from the feats Of brutal force alone.' But to return to the subject proper; what I would ask, is the probable future of Kalamazoo. I make ro pictentions to the gift of prescience, or at all events, the most unassuming, but judgiing of the future by the past, and relying much upon its favorable geographical position, I may safely venture to predict more than ordinary results. As may be seen by the various comparisons and contrasts which have been institutcd, it will at once occur to the hearer, that we have in our midst, and around us, many of the elements which enter into the growth, and contribute largely to the prosperity of a cily. And who doubts, where is the man 23 who doubts that the village of Kalamazoo will ere long throw off its primitive vestments, and merge into a city of beautiful and desirable proportions? How CAN we doubt, when as our eye traverses this audience, it now and then rests upon the wife of a future Alderman, and even upon Aldermen themselves, who while we are speaking about a city charter, are indulging in visions of corporation feasts and turtle soup. Indeed, we are to-day a city, so far as a Fire Department is concerned, in the full fruition of its.privileges and immunities. When the next quarter of a century festival comes around, a Mayor and Common Council will grace it with their presence, and particijpating in its festivities, will be a perfect avalanche of muscle and mind. Alcohol will then not only be banished from the city, by law, but I very much fear tea and coffee will be deemed contraband by custom and by physiology. SAnd, to the delight of the assemblage on that occasion, a Glee Club, now in embryo, will sing the beautiful and touching song --" FAREWErLL to TEA, TO-DAY - TIGHT BOOTS AND TOBACCO." Many of us now in the prime of life, will then either have exchanged our home here, for one upon yonder mountain, or will be seen leaning upon onr staffs, fighting our battles over again, or rehearsing stories of privation and struggles, while founding the village and the city. As it is to-day, I trust the occasion will then. be a joyous one. There is nothing now to throw a gloom over the countenance; it's the gem month of the year, and it would seem as if the very birds and flowers had calight the spirit of the day, and were leagued together in filling the air with melody and perfume. A friend visited me a few days since. It was his firt appearance in Michigan and like every sensible man who looks in upon us in the month of June, he was delighted Of Kalamazoo, rumor had often spoken, and he longed to behold it. And when he had fairly seen it. he said it reminded him of the story told by Virgil, of the simple spepherd who visited Rome for the first time. He had always lived in a retired hamlet away in the interior of Italy. And when at length he had reached the city and entered its gate, and surveyed for a time in muteness, its grandeur and its greatness, he was perfectly astonished. 24 " He expected " he said " to find it in proportion to his native village, as the ewe to the lamb, but the proportion was as the oak to the acorn," So in imagination, this friend of mine, had painted our village, a little hamlet, with here and there a white-washed cottage, a tavern and a blacksmith shop, withal a suitable arena for the labors of a missionary. But after he had leisurely paced its walks and had encountered its blocks of noble buildings, and beheld others in the process of erection, which bid fair to excel their predecessors; when his eye fell now upon a mansion almost buried in fcliage, and then upon another half smothered with roses, when church after church rose up to condemn him, as it were, for his hasty judgement, to make amends for his folly, he determined to embrace the first opportunity of writing to his wife, that instead of being somebody, his tour to the west had convinced him that he was little better than the " simple Roman Shepherd." All this has,been accomplished. Ladies, and yet we have but just leaped out of the cradle, and are making, (with a feeble totterinu step) some experiments in walking. Stili there is manhood before us; time has much in reserve to encourage and reward our industry and our enterprise. His busy fingers are never idle - the pulse and the chronometer may stop, but time never - never did I say, yes! time once tarried. The sun once stood still for hours, over the plains of Gibeon, and the moon hung pale and motionless over the vale of Ajalon. But we'll have no stopping of the sun or moon here, our village marshal will attend to that. What, after all, has contributed more than anything else, to give celebrity to hur village and to make such a favorable impression upon the stranger mind? Not so much its evidence of refinement, as the good taste which has been exhibited in permitting the glorious oalks to stand just where God, with his own right hand planted them. How many exclamations of admiration have these trees elicited, scattered as they are over the plain in lovely disorder? How many fruitless attempts elsewhere, to equal, if not excel us, by a resort to artificial means? The efforts by rival villages, are laudable and noble, and will have praiseworthy results. Why, recently Mr. Bowen (of the distinguished firm of Bowen & McNamme of New York city) donated to his native village, in one of the New England States, the liberal sum of $600, to he expended in transplant 25 ing shade trees throughout its streets. This act alone betrayb the emotions of a good man's heart. Even while he lives, his monument is being erected, and as long as those trees shall stand, his memory will be as green as their foliage.One such patron of taste in each village will transmute it into a paradise. Instead of exerting the utmost care in preserving these natural structures, there are every where found some, having no love of the beautiful in their souls, who seize upon every opportunity to disfigure or destroy them. Such men are unworthy of one's friendship, and should be cast aside as only '" fit for treason, stratagem and spoils." In bringing my remarks to a close, allow me, Ladies, to congratulate you on the Eden-like termination of your west-ward wanderings;-- to congratulate you upon the progress of refinement wiich society is achieving in your midst:- to congratulate you that so many privileges from which you severed yourselves, when you turned your backs upon your Eastern homes, have so closely followed you; that like the missionary you are instrumental in carrying to the verge of civilization, the joys of social existence, that you have escaped the din and confusion of Metropolitan life and find yourselves in the occupancy of a spot, where every needed luxury is within your grasp and where from morn till eve, your eye can refresh itself by sweeping over scenery, not unlike the scenery of romance. And not only to congratulate you upon the occupancy of such a spot, but of such a spot in such a nation; a nation whose claims to greatness exceed that of any other upon the face of the globe. Not a breeze, but is freighted with intelligence of our value and our magnitude. While Europe is filling up with captives, our country is filling up with exiles. At peace with all; our amity courted and hugged; every cannon muzzled, and our marine busy in bearing bread to the starving portions of the world; what a delightful picture does it present to the christian and the philanthropist, and how admirably calculated to cultivate a spirit of enthusiasm. The imagination loves to break away from every restraint and go out, and revel in just such a field as this. For three quarters of a century we seem to have had the uninterrupted smiles of Supremacy, and it is only the political skeptic who is blind to the " manifest destiny " that is in reserve for us. 4*. Century treading close upon the heel of century, will roll away and be forgotten, but our nation will stand and blaze on in the midst of increasing glory. Demagogues and designing politicians may shout disunion till their throats arc sore. but falter not--- He'LL not permit it. It has been purchased at a cost of too much treasure, and suffering and,lood, to be so soon sacrificed. "Dissolve this Union, never, T'were e~en a madman's part The golden chain to sever That girdles Freedom's heart. What! faction rear her altar, And discord wave her brand, And hearts from duty falter At party's base demand 1 Look up! 'tis Freedom's temple You long to overthrow, And if your arm's uplifted, A demon prompts the blow. Think! every radiant column, Has cost a Patriot's blood, And would you see them shattered, Where long in pride they've stood? Dissolve the Union,- never! You may not, if you would: Go! traitor, go, forever Hide you, where you should. For he who breathes dissension To shake a people's trust, Should cower back to nothingness, Or crumble into dust." POEM. Delivered before the Ladies Library Association of Kalamazoo at the Quarter Centennial Celebration of the Settlement of 9a4amszoo, June 21st, 1854. BY E. LAKIN BROWN. When gory war lays waste a happy land, And arms with blood-red scourge oppression's hand, When cities sacked, and pillaged farms betray The unmeasured woes that mark the lust of sway; Then comes the bard, and with triumphal song Exalts the victor and conceals the wrong: Or, when grown old, out-worn with blood and crime, Some hoary empire yields to fate and time, In sad, pathetic strains the poet sings,Rome's ancient glories, or Assyria's kings. 0. humble harps of mine! if such the strain, Well might thy trembling strings be touched in vain:No songs of joy should greet the warrior's ear Save such as freedom bends with joy to hear: No sad lament should mourn oppression's fall, Save " men tekd " on her crumbling wall. But if the noble contest of the free With untamed nature, and the victory; - If the fair village and the fruitful plain That late usurped wide nature's drear domain; - If Kala's fair invite such strains of thine, How should thy numbers swell, O,honored harp of mine Fit were ftuch theme for his immortal strain Who sung ' Sweet Auburn ' loveliest of the plain; Yet pensive sung, in mourntul garb arrayed, A ruined land, 6* by luxury betrayed." 0, how unlike the theme that greets me now; - The pearls that shine on Kalas youthful brow! Her brief, bright childhood, drawn on memory's ps And all her glorious hopes of future age! I saw thee, Ktala,-'Ltwas but yesterday; 28 When these thronged streets in nature's stillness lay: Kala's fair stream that rolled its silver tide, By-pendent boughs embraced on either side; The flickering shadows of the leafy trees; The tall grass waving in the summer breeze; The grazing deer, whose restless ear now turns Where the lone ring dove sadly sits and mourns; Now, where the squirrel, brisk with chattering glee, Drops his peeled rind from out the walnut tree; The listless Indian, whose quick eye is cast To seek the hawk whose shadow glances past; - These were the visions fair that graced the scene - Nature's own wild, untrodden, stainless green. And yet the traveler's curious eye might trace Mysterious tokens of a vanished race: - Long rows of garden beds, in order due, Where once;what unknown plants, luxuriant grew What various flowers repaid the florist's care, Spread their gay blooms, and scented all the air! Now the old oak upon these beds appears Intruder btill, though half a thousand years O sole possession, ratify his claim Against the fruits and flowers without a name. There, too, the mound its cone-like form displayr, Enduring monument ot other days! See what is fame '. some brave old warrior here, Chief of his tribe, to fame and glory dear, In battle slain, after an hundred foes lHad felt the vengeance that a warrior owes, ls tombed, with all that savage pomp could give To bid the memory of tne hero live; And, lest the warrior in the shadowy land Might need some weapon for his shadon y hand, His well-strung bow is placed beside him here, His copper hatchet, and his ashen spear; And meet provision for the ethereal plains, Venison and'corn an earthern jar conltrins: - This heaped up mound of earth remains the samie, But of tlie warrior, neither race nor name, Here, by this lonely mound in forest dell Might pensive melancholy love to dwell, And muse on al the vanity of things; - T he fame o warriors, and the pride of kings Yet even here, o'er these deserted plains, Where nature slumbers, and where silence reigns; Where the drear past has rolled its fruitless years. And scarce a record of their flight appears, A change is coming, and the sign is nigh, Filled with strange wonders to prophetic eye; For lo! slew moving through the oaken glade, Now gleaming in the sun, now darkening in the sh A canvass-covered wagon looms in view; The deer espies it, and the red man too; A few light bounds the wild deer gives, and thea Stops, looks, and snorting bounds away again The Indian, to his native caution true, An intervening tree conceals from view: Whence, peering out his keen observant eye Watches the lumbering vehicle draw nigh, 0, artful Indian! and 0. bounding deer! Well may ye note that white.topped wain draw Boar: For wheresoe'er that vision has been seen Your race h's vanished from the woodland green! But slowly on, the laboring wagon rolls, Through open glades, and o'er surrounding knolls, To where a brook winds merrily along, Gladding its journey with its own low song. Now on the bank of the meandering rill This strange,'intruding vehicle, stands still; And he to whom its long-arched roof gives birtk Has nowhere else his prototype on eaith. His speech is that of England, but yet free From English brogue, no foreign brogue has he. A certain soniething in his careless air Proves not her culture if her blood is there: In his queer lexicon of words, are some Derived from Kentuck or from Hoosierdom His strong right hand the ready r fle grasps, His axe, the left, with equal vigor clasps; With equal nerve, prepared the foe to meet, Or lay the forest prostrate at his teet. His head erect, his bearing proud and free, Might fit Castilian knight of high degree; Yet more unlike in heart and hought and deed - Than Sancho's master and his sorry steed: He spurns all tinsel and all false preot3nse, His guiding genius, sterling common sen". Deep in his breast the fires of freedom dwel-H 30 As in the children of the land of Tell; Lightly he'd reek in war's red front to stand, Battling foi freedom and his tiative land, Wher'er their wings Columbia's eagles spread, His country's ensign waving o'er his head; But not, poor Switzer, not like thine, his sword Is the drawn, hireling of a foreign lord. A little boastful, yet 'tis oft'ner shown To prove his countr3's prowess, than'his own; 'Tis what we are he boasts, not wl.hat I am; His faith, and hope, and pride, is Uncle Sam: Of his own country's universal heart His quicker throbs, tofeel it-elf a part; He deems no special guerdon due, because Ile loves his country, and obeys her lave; Saving alone, the right to meet her foes, Or make " the dessert blossom as the rose." Ye helpless, heartless, mercenary band, Like Egypt's frogs, that fill, and curse the land Whose noisy croakings indicate your zeal For your own private, not the public weal; Though skilless all to guide your own affairs, Yet of the public, claim to manage theirs To all above, with servile fluttery bow, Yet proud and arrogant to all below; Ye slimy crawlers for the public pelf, Whose creed is party, and whose party sef; Go. note the hardy pioneer, whose hand Widens the borders of his native land;-Go, note him well, and learn, if learn ye can. What 'tis to be a patriot, and a man And there ip one whose true and trustii:g heart Braves with him all, and bears in all, a part; Where'er he wanders, or what ills betide, She shares his fortunes, ever at his side On the broad prairie, or in forest gloom, His humble cabin is her happy home. From her loved friends and kindred far away rThe faithful-hearted labors, day by day. Courageous Spirit! w.io could bear like thee Thy lonely life, thy toil and poverty! With wifely cares the weary h)urs beguile, Aad mnake even barren deselation smi I 31 When the lone traveler on Illina's plaint, Or where Iowa spreads her broad domains, Benighted, weary, dubious of his way, That endless seemed, and trackless, e'en by day; Nought but the prairie wilderness around, No cheerful tree, and no familiar sound; Nought but the curlew's wild and wailing cry, Or the marsh bittern's dismal melody; Or, as thick darknass settles on the plain, The wolf's long howl is answered back again; Of the lone cabin, like a setting star, Descries the light, dull glimmeiing from afar, How, with a lightened heart, and quickened pace, He hastens teward that welcome resting-place; For well he knows that woman's hand is there To lay the couch and spread the humble fare; And, though without, all cheerless seems, and mean, Order, and joy, and comfort reign within. Such are the homes, the nurseries of a race That stand unrivalled on the earth's broad face; Such were the homes that lined thy sounding shore, 0, bleak New England! in the days of yore. Such homes, such mothers nurtured these strong arms And stronger hearts that, when wild war's alarms Had paled the cheek, and quailed the heart of all The sons of fear whom tyrants can enthral. At the armed despot stern defiance hurled, And Freedom's flag, on the free air unfurled Such were the mothers, and such homes were they,---- The natal homes of Webster and of Clay, Why have these names, and many scarce less great, Sprung from so low a source, so rude a state? Ye titled lordlings 1.it were well to know Fair Freedom's children may be poor, not low: Her poorest son may fix on fame's bright star; -- No laws oppress him, and no titles bar: And the clear voice that in rude cabin rings, May charm grave senates, and may humble kings: Up toward the good, the great, the right, the high, The way is clear for all, as toward the sky; Which only wrong, law's stern restraints may know, As earth's foundations bar the depths below. 'Tis this, my country! makes thy glorious nama A watchword to the nations; -- a bright flamue 32 With living fire to wither and consume Old giant tyrannies; and to~illume, O'er all the earth,with Liberty's clear light, Oppression's gloomy realrhs, her long and dreary night. 'Tis this that leads the exile to thy shore, Pleased to remain, an exile now no more; Or in far nations shields him; - and how well, Kozsta can answer-- or let Austria tell. 'Tis this that gives to serve the countless sqns A slave tar better than all human ones - Bright-eyed and many-handed, that ere long. Shall purge that foul hereditary wrong Wherewith thy young limbs fester; for in vain The galling fetter and, the clanking chain, To serve our needs or feed our luxury, Facile Invention! shall compete with thee, 'Tis this that moulds, with utmost skill, the form Of the winged ships to brave the ocean-storm With least resistance part the yielding tide, And dash the billows from her shapely side With nicest art that forms the spreading sail To catch the utmost of the favoring gale; Until the boasted mistress of the sea Reluctant yields, and leaves the palm with thee. 'Tis that sends careering fast and far, In thousand mazy lines, the rapid car; That, fire-impelled, its flaming course is driven. Like the red meteoe o'er the face of heaven! 'Tie this that o'er earth's cold and torpid breast, That since creation lay in lifeless rest, Spreads finest nerves, that permeate the whole, And with electric fire makes it a living soul. Lands far removed, by mountain, lake, and uea, Are joined in bonds of mutual sympathy; The quivering neroes the distant impulse feel, And swift as light the far off thought reveal. 'Tis this that scatters with unfettered hand, In countless thousands, wide throughout the land, With all their power to instruct, to improve, to blow, The unnumbered offspring of liberal press: Those airy spirits that, on untiring wing, To every hearth their various tidings bring; Each outrage new of hoary wrong proclaim, Each noble action consecrate to fame; 33 With prompt alarm warn of each threatened right, And drag corruption's darkest deeds to light. O, -Holy Freedom! these are but the sign And visible out-croppings of the mine Of countless wealth that lies concealed in thee-- Wherever settler fells the forest tree, Turns the fresh soil and builds his little home, Thou, gua dian spirit! with him there dostcome; 'Twas thou that led'st him to the forest wi'd, Cheor'd all his toils, and on his labors smiled. Wherever Learning's first rnde temples stand, There they were planted by thy careful hand; And Pll above, of whatsoe'er degree, From thee are sprung and dedicate to thee. Where'er Religion lifts her heavenward spire Her lights were din) without thy holy fire; And scarce a hnamlet where thy foot has trod Bat lha its temple pointint up to God. Virtue and Truth from old oppression flee, And find congenial homo alone with thee; And maiden purity and manly pride Dwell where thou dwell'st, and flourish by thy side, 0, can it bh! and shall.thy sons confess. Natured by thee, they learned to love thee less; And for a pottage but less vile than they,. Cast half thy gloriorus heritage away! Say, shall thy bedms that light our northern sky Grow sickly pale, and fitful flickering, die, Quenched by the ba!eful breath of slavery? No, Freedom. no! the hideous monster's power Is rushingt headlong to its fated hour: I see thy sons in couniless numbers rise, And on the iwind I hear their vengeful cries; - * Back, deinon! back! back to thy noisome den t The soil of Freedom rears, not slaves- but mer! ' Humbled. abased, I see the fiend retire, Appalled with fear before thy children's ire And thou, O, Kala! happy thrice art thoe That Freedom's gems adorn thy shining brow; And happv, too, not thus alone to stand; But many a sister fair, throughout the land, Like thee ahlornedl, lifts her proud head on high, In youthful grace and glorious majesty; b* 34 Sprung from one source, to the same goal ye tend, One common parent and onte common end: A Sister band, by Freedom linked in love,! Through the long course of future years ye move;-- Prophetic eye, through the dim mists afar, May note each brilliant, although differing *ta In varied constellations see them shine With light and harmony almost divine; 'Till, gazing long, on the fair scene intent, Dazzled and blinded turns from Freedom's firmamerLt. So brief, so bright thy past: thy coming years So fraught with hopes, so all undimmed with fears; And on thy natal day, with garlands crowned, Thy own glad presence scattereth joy around; Yet in th, joy a sadness shades thy brow For many a noble heart all pulseless now That were of thee, the glory; many an eye Whose kindling glance beamed on thy infancy Is closed forever; many a voice is stilled Whose tones of love through all thy being thrillt...: And these are gone, 0, Kala, like a dream Whose empty visions are not what they seem: And in our turn, ore long, we too, shall pass, Like inane shadows in the silvered glass, And who have made and make thee what thou wt,. As fate decrees, shall one by one depart; But thou wilt still remain; for thee appears A long-drawn vista of us.numbered years: I see thee far adown the centuries, The light and joy of myriad loving eyes; lala, the beautiful! thy Indian name And the Greek liquid epithet the same; ICala, kale; be thou ever so While in thy gentle stream its silvery water flew. Early Settlement of Kalamazoo. The first settler who pitched his tent on the present site ot Kalamazoo or Bronson, as it was originally called, seems to have been Titus Bronson; whose character is described by Col. Curtenius in his address found in this volume. This was in the summer of 1829, during which,and the following season, several families settled in the vicinity. But so slow had been the progress of emigration, or se fluctuating had been its character, that in the spring of 1833. only three log houses, four framed ones and two shanties or " chtentes," composed the village of Bronson. During that summer, however, three or four more houses were erected. and as a Land office was established in that year, settlers and speculators began to make their appearance. In Oct. 1835, a newspaper was established under the name of " The Michigan Statesman," published by H. Gilbert, Esq. From an April number of 1836, we make the following extracts: "By a recent act of the Legislature, the name of our village has been changed fromn Bronsol, to Kalamazoo. This is as it should be, our County, township and village have now the same name. Kalamazoo was the name given our noble river, and a beautiful piairie which it laves, by the aborigines of the country. Less than two short years since our village contained but one or two framed houses, and as many log cabins, to which the rude wigwams of the Indians had then but just given place. We have now about sixty framed dwelling houses, many of them large and well finished, and tenanted with a population of many hundreds." But in all early histories, testimony is foulnd to be conflicting. from a letter received from an early resident, we are permitted to make the following extracts. " I arrived in Kalamazoo on the 4th of April 1836, and resided there until 1840. At the time of my coming, Kalamazo.o had been just incorporated by the Territorial Council, as Kalamazoo; the original name, Bronson, having been abrogated. The inhabitants on the village plat could nrt have exceeded fifty in number, and 36 every house seemed to he in the woods. The U. S. Land office beinr located there, a number of land dealers were albkays fluctuating about the place, which might 'have induced the casual observer to riae the population at a higher figure. But counting only those attached by home interests, to the spot, I think in,, estimate correct." Not only was the village of Kalamazoo called Bronson, but the township was called Arcadia, fromi a bezatiFulU clear stream, which' runs through the northern part of th-te village. In the early settlement of the town and villagre, hears and panthers were v;: j common, but wolves wvere much more numerous and destructive. They wiere a constaiit annoyance to the inhabitants, so that those who had cattle or sheep, were obliged to confine them in pens. close to their dwellings; and even then they were not alwavs safe. Among the early records of Arcadia, we find the following notices:A- " At a town meeting of the electors of the town of Arcadia, held on the first Monday in April in 1834, it was voted to raise ooe hundred dollars for the destruction Of wolves; and that four dlollars be paid for every scalp taken in said town, until the hiundred dollars be expended; and after that time no p:-.rson shall receive any compensation for wolf scalps. the remainder of the year." "1 Voted that the first certificate prescnited to the Supervisors shall draw the first mioney,.and s( fm? until all the $100 shall be expended." Like notices are found in 1835 and 1830. At a similar meeting " on Mondlay, April 1838, it was voted to raise $100, for the support of the tuwvnship poor; and $100 for bounty en wolf scalps at 6$4,00 ench:" In 1836 a loan was alsluthoriz-ed for the purpose of erecting a Court Ihouse:and JUi)J, whicl were completed during the year 1837 or 183,. The earliest settlencnts in Kalamazoo County, were made upon " Prairie Rowide," wh~ich has been impeefectly described by Cooper, in his I- Oulk Openings." In Nov. 1828 Hazel Harrison, afterward's a Judge of the County Court, Henr Whipple, and Abiam, 1)iDavidson, arrived at the Prairie with their families and treamns. The first furrow was plowed by Erasius Gudfturd. wh'j arrived soon after the persons before named. During the next year a grist mill was put into operation by John Vickers, which proved a great convenience to the inhabitants, as they were before obliged to travel seventy 37 miles over bad roads, to get their grain ground at the nearest mill. Mr. Vickers' mill, situated near the West side of Prairie Ronde, would now be,consideied a curiosity, as " it was built of logs, and had a pair of mill stones 14 inches in diameter, which ran up edgewise." " It was built for the purpose of cracking corn, in preference of breaking with a mortar," The first deed upon record in Kalamazoo Co., Territory of Michigan, was given by William Harris to Hiram Moor and Erastus ct. Jackson; by which the W. 1-2. of S. W. 1-4, of Section 17, In Township 2, South Range, 10 West, was sold for the sum of $300. This deed is dated the 8th July 1831. The first mortgage recorded was dated May 16th, 1831 and was between John Knight and James Knight of the 1st party, and Henry Stevens of the second party. " At a session of the County Court, of Kalamazoo County, held Oct. 17th, 1831, Cyrus Lovell, Esq., presented to the Court. a petition from the proprietors of the village of Bronson, and its citizens, requesting an alteration in part of the plat of said village.The Court then adjourned to meet to-rmorry morning at 8 o'clock." (Signed,) BAZEL HARRISON, JUSTICES oF STEPHEN HOYT, COUNTY COURT. I At a session of the same Court held May 22d, 1834, the petition of Nathan Harrison was presented, for license to keep a ferry across the Kalamazoo River, opposite the village of Bronson. On reading and filing the petition in this matter, it is ordered by the Court, that the said petitioner be authorized and licensed to keep a ferry across the said river, at the place aforesaid, for the term of one year from this date; oa is entering into a recognisance pursuant to the Statue, with one surety. And it is further ordered that the said Harrisoa do pay a Territorial tax of three dollars." In the " Michigan Statesman " of May 5th, 1838, is found a notice that " the village of Kalamaxoo has just been incorporated." The Indians. The " Bur-Oak Plain," upon which Kalamazoo is built, and the neighboring prairie known by the name of " Prairie Ronde," were favorite resorts of the Indians of the Pottawattamie and Ottawa Tribes, at the time of the settlement by the whites. Like all the other American tribes, they led a wandering life, remaining by the river for months, and then suddenly packing up their few conveniences for living, and departing, as it seemed, to their white neighbors, without any other object than that of change. Portions of our beautiful village are yet pointed out to the curious inquirer, which were used as gardens by the Indians. Here the women cultivated the corn, with no implement of husbandry but a hoe. The present strength and fertility of these grounds, show how judiciously they made their selections. The corn was planted in hills, raised one or two feet above the surface, and at the proper season, was harvested and buried in deep holes lined with bark. Corn so secured, often remained for months unmolested, either by man, or the more insidious ravages of rats and squirrels. After the corn was secured, the Indians generally prepared for their winter hunting quarters. They then removed to the dense forest, where deer and other game were more abundant, and where no rivals could be found in their hunting grounds. They had no domestic animals, except horses and dogs, and the cow was an object of so much curiosity, that they often came a long distance to look at one. Butter and milk they could not be prevailed upon to use.Their houses were formed of mats, woven by the women, from flags, and supported by poles. These mats and poles were transported from place to place, and it was a labor of only a few hours, to erect a whole village of these temporary and yet durable habitations. The tire was built in the centre of the dwelling, and the smoke after freely circulating through the apartment, found its way out as best it might. A few kettles, a few skins, and a few baskets for carrying burdens, composed the household conveniences of the child 89 of the forest. His food was as simple as his babits of life.-- Corn was the only article of cultivation, and this was cooked in only two ways. The first manner of preparation was to boil the corn with ashes and water, until the husks separated; then it was taken in baskets to a stream of running water, where it was shaken about and thoroughly cleansed. Another manner of its preparation was this:--The corn was pounded in logs, by the tomahawk, till it was well broken, and then boiled. This, with the venison and other game, formed the bill of fare of the simple Indian, and was without doubt, one cause of the few diseases by which he was annoyed.His system of cure was contained in a few roots, and the free use of cold water. Still, the Indians had their doctors, who were esteemed and venerated, and after death were honored by a distinguished burial. The funeral ceremonies of the Indians were conducted without priest, or form of service, but the howling and mourning of relatives, evinced the same ardent love of kindred and friend, as is found in more civilized life. Most of the dead were buried in shallow graves, dug by the hoe, but persons who were distinguished either by their talents, their virtues, or their VICES, were honored by remaiining above ground, and having a house built over them. Thus on one occasion a murder had been committed, and not only the murdered man was thus distinguished, but also the assassin. Whenever a murder was detected, a council was held, and he who was nearest of kin to the murdered man, was appointed the executioner of the criminal. Their canoes were made of birch bark, and were much employed at certain seasons of the year in fishing. They were alsc so light as to be easily tvansported from stream to stream. The Kekalamazoo river, as the name was originally called. was then abundantly supplied with fish of immense size, of which the Indians availed themselves, and not only supplied their own wants, but often sold them to the whites in the vicinity. The dress of the Indians, consisted of leggins of skin wrought with beads and porcupine quills, a calico shirt, a belt of skin ornamented like the leggins. and containing his knife, tomahawk, and such other conveniences as he chose to employ about his person. Over this dress, a blanket was thrown, and the son of the forest with his mocassins on, and his head 40 protected by a tirban formed from a shawl of the brightest colors, and ornamented with feathers, was ready for any emergency- The dress of the women differed but li'ttle from what we have described, except that they wore their hair long an(J tiedl behnd with gay ribbons of all the colors of the rainbow. Ornaments were worn by both sexes, including necklaces of many strings of beads, bracelets, and ornaments for the ancdes, formed of brass thimbles, mede to jingle like bells. We who have been educated under the glare of civilization, and the meridihin light of christianity, may pride ourselves upon our lofit position, and in comparing oursplves with our Indian brother upon our more exemplary conduct. We may thinki of him, as a debased, dishonest, ungrateful, and treacherous being, vhorn it is no shiame to defame, aird no sin to destroy. W'ot it may moderate our self-glorification to know that in his unsophisticated state, before "his untutored mind " had leairned fr-om white men the use of "1fire-water " he was honest, temperate, and contented; chaste, noblespirited, and- smupisnloulv exact in remnembering and rewarding a favor. or fulfillin' a promise. From anr interestinz letter from the HIon. Eliiha Ely, of Allegan, I a-nm allowed to makie the following extrrects: - lo In the vear 1836, Ogewa, then the head chief of ilie Ottawa tri.e of Indians, exerted himself to have his tribe christian zed as wvell as civilized. I was iti Detroit with him two or three 'weeks. Gov. Mnson. and Henry R. Schoolcratf, Esq. the then In(iian Agents. took a deep interest antd engaged to do all in their power to furthier the views of the old Chief. In June, 1839, quile a number of their families, purchased considerable land fromn (he United States, and settled in this County,, and inade some little progress in civilization; but their early habits were such, that they did not improve very rapidly; and alhough the Rev. Mr. Sinith was with them, and paid by the United States, he never from sonie cause, had their confidence, and the settlement retrograded. After a few years the 1-lollarders settled near them and eventually bought tdeir lands and the improvements they had made. They have now all removed to Grand Traverse Bay. They were without much im provement in dress and manner of living,-when they first came into this vicinity, except Ogewa the old chief. who copied in his dress from the whites, Quite 41 recently, forty-three, calldd here with the declaration, a copy of which, I enclose to you. They were puincipally from Grand Traverse Bay, and every one very decently clad, in our costume. not an Indian blanket w7 as worn by any of them. The paper I send you, speaks foir itself. I do not know where the project originated. Every one of them behaved with great propriety and not one of thein had been drinking spirits. They were about here three or four davy with their women andl childreti; and won the admiration of all by their good conduct. They informed me ihat several hundred Indians about Lakes Michigan and Superior, were ready tej oin them, and sigrn the instrument which is here annexed." We the undersigned descendants of the Chippewa and Ottawa tribem of Indians, having been born in the State of Michigan, and always resided therei nbeing attached to the soil, whore the bones of our Fathers are laid - an'! being desirous of abandoning our own system of laws and government, and of adopt. ing the laws, habits of life, and Government of the white people of the United States and of the State of Michigran, that we may enjoy the benefits of civiliz.ation and christianitv. and the privileges and civil righrts of citi-eus anl voters: do hereby Nvith our*Chiefs, solemnnly' declare that we yield our laws and Government up for laws of the United States and of Michigan *that we mean If) adopt the habits of civilized life, to clear land and cultivate the Foil, to build houses to live in, and to have our children educated in the habits, customs, language and mode of living of the white men, our mmeighhors, tnd that in all things we inean to claim the protection of the laws of the aGwernment, and submit ourselves to the jurisdiction and control of the laws both in civil and criminal matters. rabaschapichigr George Shashawonipise Georgeo Woazh Lewis McSauby Peter Wawangabo William Chiugnah Joseph Visawagwat Paul Shosbaquashe Mutebe Sakendoinim Kiweiassng Poneit Wonatchonotin Nlichael Akibanozi Joseph Macksauba Joseph Oshawvozhquar I ewis Akibemo.seWilliam I.ewitebigabaw Louis Matclaikishi- William Kesliewos Joseph Armniguan Joseph Chaweagshgrua John Akibomose Francis Mackeauba Paul Waukazoo Jos ish 'Shashaquashe Winsor Animiquni I )aniel XWedegowish Aglent Okinotsgm Potor Shoshaguase James Prickett Atomn M:mtc-hikishig Paul Nisawaituat James Shashaqluase Peminawa.Magatemiuiam F,"rancis Wowanfrubo John Oshawashchnmir Joseph Shashaxuase Peter Oshoswoshquar Nenoiquar Oahawaeh-quar Mlonitowe Oshawoshqtar John Oshanoshqnar Wassa Zumuby Roberts Apisliabe Kishigobinese AkiwendJigietose Awasekishigr Ak-1,lwenkjigctos. State of Michigran, Allegan Ooun!4. as: On this 18th day of April, in the year of our Luyd one thousand eirlmt hunde-e and fifty-three, porsonally caine before the underaigned, a Notary Public., in mind for the county aforesauid, Pdnl Wa kazoo, Lewis Macksauba, I'ohach:iap chig. Josf ph Viagr, vmmt, J aies Pricket, Chiefs of the Ottaiva -Ind (liippnw0-a tribes: and D-nniel XVedegrowisbh Wassa Zuroby, George Weazho, %Vi1:ia i Cliingruah, Mutehe Salmdoihn, Wicbael Akibauzise, La5wis Akibauti-e, Wiliami IIithwast.. John.. Atermase, Joseph Shaslhaqnatae, Agent O iimotsgc, Atin Matrhkishig, ienawa Mayaluea-nin, Jose3ph $haraquame, 6*Y Awasikithig Akiandjitose, Mentat Omeawaskqua, Robedt Apiskabe, Joseph~ Maskeauba, William Benwitaglawn, Joseph Armiguari, Francis Maceauba., Winsor Animiquan, Peter Shashagum, Paul Nisawaquit, Francis Waangoba. Peter Oshawshqua, John Oshawvshque, George Washawanipi, Peter Wawagaba, Paul Shashaquashe, Ponit Warnitthenatin, Joscph Ashawashgua, Louis Mathekishy, Joseph Chawigro-kigm, James Shashaqude. Kishigobanie Akindjiy~b*, John Asnawashaques Niniuqua Otho-hawga.-Who by the oath of Jame,& Pricket, who acted as Interperter for them, were made known to me and who, all seversally acknowledged that they had executed the isame freely, and for the. purposes abore expressed. ELISH-A ELY, Notary Public. Kalamazoo in 1835 and 1855. MRS. HENRIETTA S. T. TAYLOR, Secretary Ladies' Library Association, Kal. Michigan. MY DEAR MADAM:- I take advantage of my first leisure moments from the duties of my office to redeem the promise I made you, of writing out for publication some of my experience in the history and settlement of this lovely " BurOak City,"--which has risen to perfection and beauty from comparative crudeness and obscurity; and now reposes, smilingly, as a queen amid her courtiers, luxuriating in the rich and regal charms by which she is surrounded. To those of us who came here at an early day in the history and settlement of Kalamazoo, the genial influences of this hour are most welcome and delightful. Others, who have settled within the past few years, cannot understand, in its full force and reality, the saddening power of those silent memories of home and kindred that then beset us, "strangers in a strange land "-the sense of utter desolation, and sickness of the heart, that follows upon the rapid transition from the old and loved, into the new and unfamiliar world around; no tried friend near to rejoice in our prosperity, to comfort in affliction, and to wipe away the falling tear: - They who sit calm And happy, 'mid the pleasant joys of'earth, Throng'd with the thousand dear delights of Home; The blandishments of Wealth; the song of hope; And Pleasure's gorg'ous, fascinating train;Know not the meaning of that word,- Alone I They may rejoice, and strike the harp, and dance; And strew their pathway with the choicest floW'rs;They know not how to weep, with those who mourn, At least, such is the testimony I have borrowed from one of my own manuscript heroes; whom I strongly suspect was a little homesick, and lovesick, at that time 1 Let us cotmrast th "B Buoaisir" of 1'35, with the populous h"ld busy " KihLnAaoo " which we now inhabit. To ms this 44 wonderful transformation seems like the creation of some fair and fabulous dream, when the soul, unfettered by its bond of clay, triumphs in its mastery, and rejoices in the realization of hopes more gorgeous and dazzling than were ever unveiled to its vision in the broad and sultry day. Many of the pioneers of 1835, and of an earlier date, are yet vigorous and active in our midst; and many more have laid by their pilgrim staffs, and well worn sandals, and gone down into the " dark valley of the shadow of death."-- Among these, I recall to memory one, noble and commanding in statue, whose snow-white hair, frosted by five and seventy winters, fell over a brow on which God had fixed his seal of adoption, " to give the world assurance of a man."-He was the venerable prototype and sire of sons who have not disgraced their parentage; but who have lived on, in respectability and usefulness, a credit and honor to those who now " sweetly sleep in Jesus," and an ornament to the community in which they dwell. It is but simple justice to pass the same meed of praise upon the surviving family of GEN'L. BURDICI, one of the earliest proprietors of Kalamazoo, and who ever cherished a warm and lively interest in its prosperity and progress. To him we are mainly indebted for the preservation of our beautiful Bur-Oaks: and I take both pride and pleasure in bearing this public testimony to the refined taste and noble forethought of those who, like him, were thus mindful of the comfort of those who should come after them; and who have guarded with so constant a care, one of the chief characteristics and beauties of this far-famed settlement.- It is one of the best evidences of an enlarged and cultivated mind, and of a heart moved by the choicest impulses of our better nature. We should regard the elegant shade-trees about our residences, and streets, with the same delight and solicitude that a ttnder mother watches over the fair beings to whom she hath given birth,- who look up to her for nurture and protection from rude storms and adversities of life,- until, matured in strength and beauty, they group themselves, lovingly to shelter the home of her declining years, and'hallow the spot where her dear form reposes.- 1 repeat, it was a commendable trait of character; and one that the busy multitude who now walk to and fro beneath their cool and ample shade, in the hot and sultry summer, should remember with feelings of sincere admiration and gratitude.- Without doubt, our native Oaks are one of the most desirable attractians and excellencies of Kalamazoo- for which we are justly famed and complimented at home and abroad. Let us cherish them with unabated care. They are nature's ' choice legion,' to shield us from disease and death; and are robed in a drapery of green and gold more gorgeous and beautiful than ever decked the conquering hosts of Napoleon. They shall live, when we are dust; and their shadows will linger peacefully and silently upori our graves, long after the places that now know us, and the friends who now love us, know us no more forever! I never visit our beautiful MOUNTAIN HOME OF THE DEAD, so calmly overlooking the strife and tumult of the living, without being charmed by the extended and enchanting view spread out like a map of Eden before me; and as I retrace my steps, and see the funeral train wending its way slowly along the winding walks and lovely groves, the words of Elric, the Saxon, came to me with peculiar emphasis and meaning: Here, sorrowing friends, beneath this antique shade, Whero earliest incense of the virgin morn Ascends the smiling heav'ns - here let us pause Great nature hath a balm for ev'ry wouxd: Our bleeding hearts, pierc'd to the core by grief, May medicine their torn and trembling strings On the dear bosom of her boundless love. Associated with Gen'l Burdick in the proprietorship of Kalamazoo, were the late THOMAS C. SHELDON and Lucius LYN; the former, Receiver of Public Moneys here duiing the Land Office times of 1835, 1836 and 1837, (in connection with MAJOR EDWARDS, the Registrar,) and the latter, one of the first Senators who represented Michigan in the National Legislature, and who also subsequently held the responsible office of Surveyor General. But whatever honor may be accorded to these gentlemen, "UNCLE TITUS" BRONSON and his good wife " AINT SILLY " BRONSON, were undoubtedly the original locators and proprietors of this famous forest city, and, hard in their wake, came NAT HARRISON and Ci LOVELL; the first ycleped " Uncle," and the last, " Squire."- I believe Mr. Harrison is now dead; but the Hon. Mr. Lovell is still living, at lonia, in this State, clever and large and lively as ever, a good citizen and gentleman of note - not note! He's 46 t' hard money man,' and plumb on the square!'- Speaker bf tie House, at the late session of our State Legislature.-- May he live long and his shadow never be less. The Ladies of the Library Association may remember that I had the honor of toasting him, at their late " Quarter Century Celebration," and that he "' turned up brown! " His response, like Ex-Governor Ransom's, was replete with incidents and accidents of pioneer life--particularly his narration of the wagon trip of the Governor and family, from Detroit to Kala. mazoo. On reflecticn, I am not positive whether it was Mr. Lovell or the Governer himself who told the story: but I remember that there was a ' trip of the tongue,' at the time, that set a number of us near the speaker. into a hearty laugh. The late COL. HUSTON and AMos BROWNSON, were also inti - mately connected with the early history and settlement, and after prosperity of this place. I remember them as early as 1835 and 1836, as the principal " Business Firms." Mr. and Mrs. Brownsoni (the tatter, then Miss Case.) were among the first acquaintances I made, out of Major Edwards' immediate family; and somei of my happiest moments (always saving and excepting my courting ones!) have been passed in their company. It requires an effort, at this late day, to recall the names of all our early settlers of 1835 and 183: but as I desire, so far as in my power, to place them on record, I subjoin the following alphabetical list. In this list are included a number of transient persons who came and left in 1835 and 1838: for we had but a few resident families here in 1835. To avoid personality and partiality, I begin with myself,--the poetical, prosy, perennial, and pungent, MAJOR RED PEPPER I-- then follows of course, ut.der A., my Father and Mother, Brothers and Sisters, Uncles and Aunts, Nephews and Nieces, Cousins and dozens, from the first to the last generation.- Amen inclusive! -then: Doctor Abbott, and wife and daughter, Ben Jones and family Moses Austin and family, David G. Kendall Ross Allard Israel Kellogg, of the Kalamazoo Hous. Hfiram Arnuold and family Levi Krause Gen'l Burdick *. Amos Knerr Deacon Barrows ** Russo King Squiro Bolcher " ' Mr. Liephart, the old * Indian Trader.' Ira Burdick ** Horatio Lawrance? now. citr Frederick Booher *" Richard Lawranco Doctor Barritt *' " Edmund LaGrave Warren Burnill ** * Hiram D. Loveland 47 Amos Brownson and wife Cyrus Lovell and family Henry Booher " " Daniel Lathrop and wife William G. Butler, ' early settler' Joseph Miller jr. William Booher Clement March Samuel W. Bryan Robert McIntosh, Merchant; Ira Bird Dep'ty P. M. under Doct. Abbott! &e. William Birch O C. McCracken Alexander Buell and brother Austin Jay R. Monro- & Horatie N, Monroe " Uncle Titus " and " Aunt Sally," L. H. Moore, alias " Little Moore; " the origr:ial proprietors of Bronson, hereto- in contraciiatinction of fore mentioned, Henry Mower, Chauncev Burrell Big Land Looker, Hunter, &c. Doctor Beardsley Gen'l Isaac Moflatt Philander Bishop Mr. Meacham, Tailor, Col. John E. Brackett worked for L. R. Davis E, R. Ball Simeon Newman N. A. Balch Lot M. North, Doctor Browning, Constable, and Chief Baker of the Vlaff &e. DruggOist; " Richard the 3rd! " &c., Deacon Northrop and family 0. S. Case Capt. George A. O'Brien and family - ' Typo;" now of the State Journal, Lansing, Richard O'Brien and wife Horace H. Comstock and family Hiram Owen who, atlloungh hailing from " Comstock Moses O'Brien Hall," made this a business place and head Zephamiah Platt and family quarters, now of New York City Mott Cooper, nephew of the Novelist Surveyor Pettibone, now of Ann Arior Anthony Cooley and family " Bank ' Porter and family, now of Det William Carley " " Johnson Patrick and family James Coleman " " Mrs Porter, (widow of Doct. Porter Lewis A. Craneand her seos, Ned and Jim Roswell Crane ". John Parker Geo. Thos. Clark and wife, A. T. Prouty and family her Pare it. alnd their family, Deacon Porter and wife A. & D. Cahill Uncle James Parker and family Alexander Camoeron Judge Ransom and familv, Almirin Lake Cotton, his Parents and Brothers He and Win. G. Butler, were the firrt of theEdmund Rice Both in honorable and early sCiers, k official positions, new Walter Clark H married, andhailingfrom Ami Carpenter and wife Henry M Rice Minnesota. Lewis R. Davis R. J. Rosecrantz David S. Dille and family Artemas W. Richardsom Joseph B. Daniels, ind his brother, T J.Walter Russell Oliver l)avenport and Wife Henry Reynolds and family William G. Dewing, and brother Fred, Old Recollet (" Reckly ") Ebenezer Dcrkee and family French Trader Mba E addfami am i en. Chas E. Stuart and wife Major Abraham Edwards and family Wllion ha s t Stuart and wlfe Renselaer vits and family Thoas C. Sheldon seorge A. Fit'ch, Theodore P. Sheldon and family George A. Fitch, Starkweather now E.1 and Publisher of Mich. Telegraph Doctor Starkweather *" Francis Fitts and wife Erastus Smith " Nathaniel Foster and family, Rodney Seymour " now of Otsego, Allegan Co., Mich. Nathan L. Stout " Daniel Fisher Caleb Sherman, Ethan French now doing businens for" Uncle Bam," In Henry Gilbert and family New Mexico Nelson Gibbs " David Sergeant Andrew B. Gray.. 1. Albert Saxon, Adia Grewgg. t he rnman who went after another mnn, and Sila regg never came back / 48 Allen Goodriige and family Silaa Trowbridge uow Dep'ry Coin'r Stats Land'Offle Luther H1. Trask and famity John B. Guitean Lyman Tuttle X.odney Gibson, now Dop'ty Sec'ty of State, Lansing, Dwight C. Grimes Hiram Underwood, James Green, '1 the Street Singer of Kal~amasoo." now of the firr of Stuart & Green, Isaac Vieserv and wife John H. Havs and family Stephen Vickery and wife Benjamin Harrison and family Lawreoce Vanfo Walker, Deacon Hvdonburk 6 4UOW U. S. Receiver of Public Moneys Squire Hubbard 46 46 Philo Vradenbnrgh Nat Harrison 46 *6 Alfred A. Williams Elisha Hall t 6 Isaac W. Willard E Hawley and family, of Kal. H, Judge D. B. Webster and family yWilliam 1-. Welch 06 6 Ccl. H. B. Huston and family 0 Wilcox i4111 A. G. Hammiond and wife AoephHutmhnsadwifeandso Mrs. Sarah Weaver and daughter Joseph Hutchinsa, wife and son GoceW iso Sheriff of Kat. Co, Merchant &- GJorge W. Winslow Azro HealyR John Winolow Volney Hascall. Rollin Wood, Justice of the Peace &e. now Editor and PoblIsher ofKat. Gazette, William E. White Nath'l Holman and wife, moth'r, hroth'rJasper Wood Chas. Herrington, William Wingert, Gunsmith, then at work for Buell & Brother now of Detroit. Isaac N. Janes; Rev Cylus Woodburv and family, Parson W. wa' thoe flrst settled Presbyterian Olergymrnan in Kalainizoo; and the first 11 dination party" I ever at tlened was at his house-in the %vinter, I think, of 1S35.-And tbW brings me to X, Y. Z. 1 do not pretend that the foregoing list is perfect, for in the lapse of years, and drawn up, as it has been, from memory, at would b~e singular if it were; Ilut I present it as a tolerably accurate register of those living, or hailing from here in 1835 and 1836, within what is now, the corporate limits of KAalamazoo. Wnat a Change fromn those times to the present! when the Maip Street of our village, from the river up to the Tremont Bouee. was almost free of dwellings; and beyond that station, and around in all directions, the nativn. bur-onks bloomed in primeval beauty* Then it was a common sighljt to see bands of roving Indians, sand to hear the howl of the wolf- tlhen game was plenty, and the fleet deer bounded merrily over green pastures where now stand thickly togefer the pleasant habitations of the comfortable housekeeper, and the more pretentious mansions of the rich. Those were the good old "6 land-office times," when Speculators went about with ple. thoric purses and empty stomachs, and pa-id two shillings for a ", smell of something good to eat!" and for the privilege of leaning against a door post to sleep. or bunking on the old Kalamazoo House floor T - rhe glorious days of paper cities, with "1desirable water lots!" - when " Port Sheldon " flourished, and the proprietors flourished over the port. - when a fraction entered for $50 at the Land Oflice, in the m6rning, sold for 5,000 at night! -- When everybody was "4 crazy for land," and felt iich, and wanted to be crazier and richer IWhen pork was $-20 a barrel, and too poor at that to "1worry its way down! " - When pies and gingerbrea d were divided into "6Quax ter Sectiorns," and sold for a "1short shilling a bite! When a man was afraid to be seen uising a tooth-pick. after dinner, for fear of being mobbed and murdered for the dessert -- in short, when everything and everybody was turned "1topsy-turvy," and an overwhelming torrent of speculationl deluged the ladrl. But cver these "1 troubled elements," theire has corn a calm. A glittering bow of promise has loIhg since spanned the dark and threatening clouds- revealing by its curve of glory, a "1 new heavens and a new earth." Old things are done a'vay, and the bright sunlgl& of prosperity and happiness is now shining upon all. The effect of the labors of those Nvho survived this perilous period, manifested itself in an increased regard for individual probity and usefu'lness, and in sounder and mnaturer action for the public good. Inordinate sellishriess and love of gain, vere purified and controlled by the dictates of a better humanity - or, at all events, the more glaring inconsistency and developmehnt, were hid tinder a cloak that covered the "1multitude of sibs." Trhe baser passians were curbed-held in subjection by the strong arm of the la'w, and that enlightened and efficitiv public scdiiment, which sooner or later approv~s or condemns the conduct of all. Every added year has carried forward the good work of reform, and Kalaomazoo, at this auspicious hour, may truly be said to be luxuriating in beauty and plenty, amid her nati-le vales, like some fair virgin decked with flowers. And just here, I am reminded to add a word or two in memory of the. beautiful and novel appearance of our Prairies, as they looked to me some twenty years or more ago.--lIcan never forget the vivid impression made npon my mind (fresh as I theni was from city scenes and life,) the first time 1 looked upon a prairie infull bloomi-I had mounted my horse for an afternoon ride, and heading westward from our village, gave my favorite running nag LIGHTFOOT free rein until I drew up suddenly on the brow of the hill near "Uncle Parker's," on GRAND PRAIRIE; - for it seemed to me almost like sacrilege, to crush with my horse's hoofs the lovely and delicate fairy children 7. 50 of the woods and fields, by which I was surrounded. Be. neath, about, and beyond me, as far as the eye could reach, was spread out, in undulating elegance, an emerald carpet of nature's choicest fabric, inlaid profusely with flowers of every imaginable variety of name and tint - gorgeous and fascinating as the most brilliant haes of the rainbow.- Horse and rider were alike captivated: for my pet racer, with eye and nostril wide open, literally drank in, with me the rich beauty and odor of that charming scene.-- Never can I forget that day. There I sat, and gazed delightedly, wholly unconscious of the lapse of time, until the shadows of evening, gathering thickly over the landscape, admonished me of the " witching hour," on love's dial, when a fairer " native flower" than any I ' d then and there seen, would bloom for me alone I -. So, what time the moon, Her silver crescent in the orient shone, Lightfoot and 1, in happy mood, hie'd home! [An accomplished and genial clerical critic at my elbow, as I am concluding this additional prairie item suggests shy'4 for " hied," in the above couplet!- The indulgent reader can therefore adopt my friend the REV. E. B. PALMER'S emendation, or the original text, as seemeth best, "all things considered!"] A few words now, before bringing this hasty article to a close, in memory of the old U. S. LAND OFFICE, and of those with whom I v1as associated in 1835 and 1836. MAJOR ABRAHAM EDWARDS (then Register, and for several years subsequently.) kept the Office in a building immediately in the rear of 0. Davenport's large frame house now standing, on the corner of Main and Edwards' streets. At that time, with the exception of the Land Office, it was all an open lot. It was there that I first commenced " scribbling" as a Clerk. soon after, the Major removed to the Office I now occupy, and in which I have the honor to " flourish " as Register. Here most of the Government lands. now constituting the Homesteads and improved farms of the country, were sold at ten killings anacre, incluling the location of the "site" of the present "City of Kalamazoo." The curious observer of the antique, may at this day see specimens of the pencilings of the Soriginal locators," all over the outside of the old Office, as well as cuttings by Yankee '* blades I" In fact, the old Major. at one time, durmn a graat land rush," to save his picket 51 fence and other property, -from utter destruction, bought a load of shingles for the express use -a1n benetit of the crowd, and had proclamation made, that every man might help himeel1' gratis, and whittle away to his heart's content! After that, every other person you passed, between this and the Recmever's, on both sides of the road, at the taverns, on the corners, and every where else, had a knife and shingle in hand, and was cutting away for dear life Any "knowing one" could tell, by the way a man *I whittled," what progress he was making in a trade. The skirrxishing and feeling-process, was a bold and rapid succession of cuts, outward, but ab the bargain progressed to a happy close, the knife blade was inclined inward,- the parings became nicer and closer, and the trade and shingle ended in the sharpest kind of a point, to the buyer who was "s sold. ' " The force in the Register's Office, in 1835 and 1836, consisted of MAJOR EDWARDs and his sons, ALEXANDER and 14 CoL. TOM," Mr. JoHN & GUITEAU, my brothers, S. YORKE and RICHARD, Mr. ALFRED A. WILLIA.MS, IRA BURDICK, the "sSquire," C(aptain GEORGE A. O'BRIEN, A. W. RicHARDSON, and mysdlf besides the occasional help in the office, of Mr. THOS. C. SIHELDON'*the Receiver I. M -:Messrs, T. P. SHELDON, GEO. THos. CL&RK, and RODNEY GIBsoN. The rush of business was so great in those days, that extra clerks had often to be called in to register the Applications, Plats, &c., and bring up our Returns for Washington: and millions of dollars from this Office alone, poured into the Treasury of the United States. In those days of "1 wild-cat" and "1-red-dog" inflated paper -currency, everybody was a Croesus, at least in feeling. Speculation ard peculation were the twin charlatans and rulers of the hour. Men of judgment and hionesty, who had therefore kept unimpaired their integrity, joined in the general scramble after riches, and yielded, finally, to the fascinating rustle of bank-paper, and the righteous ring of the" "almighty d'ollar I" The "1Specie Circular," killed the bastard progency of irrepsible Bankers, while the ink upon their lying 1p4omises to pay" was yet moist on the -fair faces of their treacherous issue, and the sober second thought of the people, came at I ast, likH rain upon the dry and barrez earth, to refresh the waste places, and make the desert ad solitary wilderness bloom and blossom like the rose. 52 One of the principal means, from first to last, in tle progress of refozm and of social and intellectual advancement, here and elsewhere, was unquestionably the introduction and faithful application of the PRINTING PRESS; that grand and irresistable lever for raising the rasses, and moving the very foundations of the mental and moral world. Mr. HENRY (;ILBERT, may with propriety be called, the founder and father of the public press of Western Michigan. No man connected with it, has seen harder service, met with a greater variety of viscissitudes and experiences, had "lower downs," or " higher ups! " For some years past. he has been out, as an Editor and Printer, and is now "- set up in capitals" as one of our most obliging and popular " Merchant Princes." Messrs. HASCALL and FITCrH, from their respective tripods and platforms, now sit in Henry's scat, and dispense the pure milk of letters and logic (adulterated, occasionally, with a little water )) to their indulgent friends and subscribers. They have both grown up within my knowledge of their school-boy days; and I record it here with a feeling of the sincerest pride and pleasure, that as artificers of their own reputations and fortunes, they merit the confidence and support so generously awarded them by the good people of Kalamazoo. We have now reached an epoch in our history, of great moment to us, and to those who shall come alter us. Print. ing Offices, School Houses, Churches, Theological Institutions, and Colleges; Courts of Law, Banks, and Shaving Shops; Medical Dispensaries ard Drug Stores; busy marts of Commerce and Merchandise; Factories and places for all mechanical and industrial pursuits; Literary, Benevolent, and Sewing Societies;-in short, a little of everything in general, and too much of some things in particular, are crowding upon each other, in rapid succession, to the manifest horror of lazy people, and the total extinction of men and women of " one idea i" Finally, may we all act well our several parts in the great theatre of life, so that, as its mysterious drama is ending, we shall be able to look up joyfully, and exclaim: - The sky is full Of the starr'd banners of the heavenly host, Dependent fom its glorious battlements, To lure us from these barriers of earth.-. 53 O that we might o'erleap them, at a bound; And stand, complete, at last, a Deathless Man,Crown'd with immortal bays, and thron'd in Light! Very Respectfully Yours, T. S. ATLEE. U. S. LAND OFFICc, Kalamazoo, Mich. Early Reminiscences MRS. HENRIETTA S. T. rAYLOR, I)EAR MIADAM: -- As you desired, I have thrown together, in the following pages, some remembrances of the early set. tlement of Kalarnazoo, and its vicinity. They are very crudely and imperfectly presented, and I fear will adld but little to the interest of your proposed work. It was on the 22d day (if June, 1831. that our family first saw the spot marked out for their home in the wilds of Michigan. This was on 66Genese Prairie," four miles southWest of Kalamazoo Village, whither my father, in company with Anthony Coolev and Erastus Smithi, had immigrated and located their claims the fall before- 1 thlink, in October, 1830. They gave the prairie the name it bears In honor of Genesee County, N. Y., froin whence they had all removed. On our arrival, in June, we found besides those above name(], three or four iamilies, which had preceded us, and pitched their "Squatter" tents on various parts of the Prairie. These were Enoch I-larris, a colort d man, and Iiis famix'i, a Mr. Wild and fainfly, a Mr. Hunt and family, and a Mr. Stillwell and fa'milvy; the former two of hliich still remain. The surrounding country was wild and undisturbed as it had existed, probably, for long centuries before. The numerous bands of Indians and their deeply trodden trails which traversed the prairies and forests, at this time, in all directions, abated noth. ing from the primeval freshness of the surrounding scenery. God and Nature reigned alone, and civilized man had not yet been permitted to mar the holy quiet and deep solemnity, which brooded over the beautifu tlakes and valleys, the green prairies and deep forests, that lay so tranquilly around u3. It has seemed to me that there was a nearer communion with the C(reative Spirit of the Universe in those early days, than has been experienced since the necessities or cupidity of man transformed the wilderness into the fruitful field. Among the first things that attracted attention about our homestead, was a large circle amid a grove of trees, whfts 55 he earth was trodden down much like the trails which passed lear it. This we learned was a spot upon which the Indians lad been accustonmd to celebrate their festivities; and if rePort was true, sometimes to practice the war dances of their tribe. This, then, was the origin of the mysterious circle. -- In another spot on my father's farm an artificial mound was discovered, about a rod in diameter at its base, and some four or five feet high. Around this there was a regularly laid out garden, the bJds still standing as distinctly marked, and as regular in their order, and arrangemnnt, apparently, as when they were first wrought out by the hands of the unknown workmen. And upon this mound. and in the midst of some of these beds, were growing large and aged trees, showing that the mysterious gardens must have had their origin in far back ages. Probably they were the work of the same people whose tumldi, and whose instruments of war and domestic use, are found scattered in various places throughout the entire west. Another object of interest engaged our attention almost the first day of our arrival. It was reported that upon Grand Prairie two miles north of us, there were inexhaustible fields of strawberries, then in the very zenith of their glory. We went. The half was not told. Some deserted corn fields, left by the Indians, a year or two before, had grown over with rank und luxuriant strawberry vines, which seemed to be indigenous to the soil. These at this time, were literally loaded with fruit, and the little hillocks where the corn had stood, for acres and acres, gleamed red in the sun, as though each might be a bonafik, heap of the luscious berries, already plucked and placed there. A more interesting sight it is ditficult to conceive of; and tlhe pioneers did uiot fail to make themselves practically acquainted with these spontaneous gifts of the deserted corn fields. About this time some excitement occurred in consequence of a murder that had been committed upon an Indian by one of the tribe, over west of Grand Prairie. The criminal had been just tried and condemned. and permission granted him to visit his friends and relatives for the last time previous to his execution. No bail was required in Indian jurisprudence He had given his word to return on the appointed day, and that was deemed sufficient by the Chief. The question among the white settlers was--" Will the condemned man 56 ýketp his wordI" Various were the opinions, ard not a little curiosity was felt throughout the community as the stated time drew near. The day at length came; and with it came the condenmned criminal, punctual to the hour. The sentence o~f death was immiedliately carriedl into execution; and his body wass llacie-l sitting uprihlt., in thle midst of a- rude structure of logs, where it remained, and was visited by the settlers of the sui-roundingT (ounIfirv for many montlis afte-ward. His pipe andi66:)d wert, placVed,by his side, in order, as I suppose, to make his jfurney '' to thle undiscovered country '' as tolerable as p)os il:1e. But ntic )ow-- could dis-cover that he ever Condescenlded to lmakoe ses of theml.. Early in the springv of' the next year, 1832, a new and more formidable cause(ii) excitemfient occurred, which, for' a time created a grood(] deal ot' agitaYti,,iton and alarm among the settlers. It was r~portcd that Black Hawk. with a large bodv of his warriors, was marching rlircctlV "'(' (MIor settlements, (and thero was imminent (langer tlh-ht all the peo(ple would be nuassacred. At once a di-aft was mad(e upon all the male inhabitarts liable to military service, and geoneral muster was to take place upon Prairie Ronde. where- ciimeans for resistance and pretection were to be devisedI, and as far as possible, ca1rrico out. Well do I remembtler with what f~eeling I saw mv lhatlicrx dopart, and how painfill was the suspense in the famrily, until he returned, whichf he did in two) or thriee days, it hay irg been ascertained thait he re-port, was exatiger.ated and.the dannger, at least, at that partienlam- time, was not direatening. The commutuity becael ttai nqui z'ed, atd durinIr the summer the new\5s was rcceived that Gei.ýnral Atkinson had hiad a decisive etujr~vrrnent wit \Vh thet I ud a, n diafrces, and had( disastrously routed theilm, takitt [Mack Hawk, his son., and tuanv warriors prlsonets. TI'his at once restored perfcct (11liet to our settlemnent; and none were now afraid to travetse the country agaiin at wvill. The garnm of' the cotntry at this timne, was exceedjingly plerfiflfU1. Dceer, b)ears and wolIves, were seen in all directions by the set tlcus, and njIan v weine kijl(d. he. two former furnislhiuui a considerable poMti:)n )f tile Ii n, ) sd iomeiC of the families. Wvolves, espcialle, were evetywvhlere, and their dismal howl was almost sire tto be lien14 rd As soon as nwg-t set in. And they were pos-iesse' Clof a mnost;anirucious temerity too- I wellj retnemeu r upon a certain oceasion when one 57 came at midday, into our door yard and seized a sheep before the face and eyes of several of the family, and would have made short work with the timid animal, had not my father interfered to rescue it. And, again, one came just before night-fall, within two rods of the door, and laid hold of a small pig, the cries of which soon brought its long-legged, lantern-jawed, ferocious maternal ancestor to the rescue, when his lupine majesty saw fit to beat a hasty retreat, with the injured mother at his heels; and such a race we venture to say, was never seen on Genesee Prairie before or since.-- A small dog, we had, would sometimes venture, in the night, to crawl out through a hole in the wall of the log house, left for his exit and entrance, and bark, when he scented the near approach of a wolf; and not unfrequently was he driven hurriedly in, by the swift approach of the wild beast to attack him; when the mutual growling was anything but pleasant music to the ears of the family. It seems to me but yesterday, (although it is twenty-four years since,) that I first visited the "$ county seat," as the little village was then usually called by the settlers in the surrounding country. I was a mere boy then, and with a boy's curiosity, noted the various things of interest in the infant town. At the foot of Main Street, on the bank of the river, at this time, was a cabin, occupied by Nathan Harnson, who had established a ferry there, consisting of a canoe or two, and a large skiff, with which to accommodate the immigrants and settlers who desired to cross the river. " Uncle Nate" was known the country through, for he was a great hunter, and foremost at all shooting matches, and hunting parties. He was, however, one of those wandering pioneer spirits that could not long brook the advances of civilization; and he soon sought a new home, where the sound of the axe and the hammer had not yet disturbed the peaceful repose of nature. The day I visited the ferry the west shore of the river for some distance up and down, was lined with the beautiful birchen canoes of a company of Indians, who had come, bringing maple sugar, venison and peltries to trade with the whites, they generally desiring in exchange, whiskey, flour, or some gaudy articles of dress. For many years after, this was a favorite resort of the natives for purposes of barter; but alas! the face of the red man is now rarely seen here, and soot will be seen no more forever. About a mile below this 8S 58 place, on the east bank of the river, was an old French trading post, kept by a half breed by the name of Liephart, where the earlier settlers found very scant supplies of dry goods and groceries; but scant and dear as they were, they supplied -( want which would otherwise have been severely felt by tie pioneers. But at the period of which I am now speaking, there appeared an individual among the little band of villagers, who was destined not only to eclipse the French trading post in the way of supplying the necessities of the settlers, but whose subsequent career was to have an important bearing upon the growth and prosperity of the place. He was a tall, spare, rather eccentric Yankee, with a somewhat military air, and a very non chalant carriage and mode of speech. Without further circumlocution, it was Col. HOSEA B. HUSTON, who came at that early day with a stock of merchandize adapted to the wants of the settlement, and put up a hastily constructed store, on the coiner of Main and Rose Streets, being the front part of the building which yet remains there. At the time of my first visit " to town," above alluded to, this little mart of the Col. was just opened, and my boyish curiosity was highly gratified with the hour or two's experience I then had there. It was the place of resort for the townsmen, who were fond of meeting there, and "Italking over matters." Here it was that I first saw Titus Bronsonthe strange, lank, half crazy, eccentric founder of the village, known the country over by his then usual cognomen - ( Potato Bronson "--a name given him on account of the 'devotion with which he cultivated a large patch of potatoes, upon Prairie Ronde, the first year of his arrival. Here, too, it was that I first saw Cyrus Lovell - otherwise " Squire Lovell "celebrated for the unerring certainty with which he would despatch any luckless fly that might incontinently light upon his person. At the very time of which I speak, it was my privilege to witness the terrible skill of the " Squire " upon more than thirty occasions. But I must hurry to a close with these trivial reminiscences, lest I abuse the patience of the reader and mar the object for which they were intended. In October 1835, 1 became an apprentice to Gilbert & Chandler, at the printing business, they having a short time previous commenced publishing a newspaper called the "Michigan Statesman," shortly after, the "Kalamazoo Ga 59 zette." In a few weeks, however, Mr. Chandler retired from the firm, and Mr. Gilbert became sole proprietor, and and so remained until 1840, when he sold to E. D. BURR, who after conducting the establishment for a few months, surrendered it to Mr. Gilbert, who, part of the time alone, and part of the time in company with others, continued to carry on the business, until 1845, when the present proprietor purchased the office, with nothing but his notes, and in three months, was obliged to sell, which he did to J. W. BREESE, Esq., who after nine months trial, was glad to resell it back to myself since which time --May 1, 1846- it has been constantly under my control. It may be, that at some future time I may write a brief history of the early vicissitudes of the GAZETTE Office; but it would hardly be proper here, after the large space I have already occupied. I have merely given the above facts, that the early history of the press may not be entirely lost, should no fuller statement be hereafter made. I append here, a few imperfect lines, written by me several years ago, embodying a legendary tale of the Indians, which may be true or false; but as the incidents are said to have occurred in this vicinity, the trifle may not be wholly without interest. A NIGHT BATTLE SCENE ON THE KALAMAZOO; AN INDIAN LEGEND, On the bank of the river, about a mile below this place. is pointed out a spot which is said to have been the scene of a battle fought near the middle of the last century, between the Sioux and Ottawa Indians. According to the tradition among the Indians, these tribes, after many years of feud and strife met on the spot above mentioned, with all their warriors, to make a final decision of their difficulties. It seems that Wa. cousta, the Chief of the Ottawas, had formed a plan of attack by night, in order that he might come upon the enemy unawares, and thus, taking them in an unprepared state, might more easily and more securely accomplish his purpose. But the enemy learned the design through his own son, who cherishing an affection for the daughter of the Sioux Chief, ventred to the tent of her father on the night of the intended massacre and privately warned the maiden of her danger, 60 and besought her to seek safety in immediate flight. But she considering her duty to her people and her kindred paramount to the affection of a lover, instantly gave the alarm. The Sioux warriors being thus put on their guard, silently awaited the approach of the enemy; who advancing secretly and cautiously within a short distance of the Sioux tents, rushed on to their work with the soul-chilling war-whoop. But the enemy, forewarned, were prepared to receive them, which so completely surprised the Ottawas, that they were compelled to retreat on the first onset; but being rallied by their Chief, they returned to the contest and after a long and bloody struggle, succeeded in defeating the Sioux; losing however, their Chieftain - a warrior deserving the first rant among the Indian heroes: The night wind sighed, faintly, its dirge through the trees, The cry of the owlet was borne on the breezeAnd the scream of the eagle, in accents so fell, Intermingled its notes with the wild panther's yell. Darkly the storm-cloud was lowering around, Enshrouding all nature in darkness profound. More dreadful that hour, more dismal that gloom Than the soul-chilling horror that reigns at the tomb. But behold! see, the watch-fire is kindled afar; Wacousta has lighted the beason of war! And woe te the Sioux if the darkness of night Shall find him in slumber, unarmed for the fight! For deep is the ire of the Ottawa Chief When the hatchet is raised in revenge for his grief; And deadly his vengeance his victim shall feel When the wrongs of Wacousta shall sharper the steel: Ah where is the Sioux when the death-fire burns bright? Sees he not from the hill the red glare of its light t And where is the Chief, when the enemy nigh, Shall rush to the carnage with the dread battle cry 7 But, hark! there's a wail of deep grief on the air, In the accents of woe breaks that cry of despair. Say-why on the breeze comee that voice of lament, In the frenzy of anguish, from the dark Sioux tent? Ah, list!-'tis Wahcondah who entreats in that prayerWaeousta, thy son is the suppliant there; For oft he hath sworn to the bright Sioux maid The faith of the warrior, which but death shall nvade. 61 Me comes to entreat that from danger afar. The maiden will fly from the tempest of war. But true to her country when danger is near. She heeds not the warnings of peril or fear; But quick through the camp of the slumbering Sioux, On the voice of the maiden the dread signal flew. How sudden the change of the sleeper to life! Of the warrior at rest to the warrior for strife! As if earth from its bosom had yielded its clay All armed for the conflict in battle array. Deep silence reigns there 'mid that dark warrior band, All steadfast and firm with their armor they stand. But, hark! on the air breaks the Ottawa's yell, More fierce than the shrieks of the demons of hell. Like fiends of despair they come down on the foe; Destruction and Death follow fast where they go, But, see! the bold Sioux receive the dread shockAll bravely they stand as the firm mountain rock. Lo! carnage stalks forth on that red battle field; For sooner the warrior meets death than to yield. Ah! dire is the fight whes the brave meets the bravo; And rich then the harvest that cumbers the grave. But hark! there is triumph breaks forth in that yell, For deadly the Sioux' red tomahrtwks tell:The Ottawa shrinks from that charge of the foe, For the spirit of death is abroad in each blow. They turn-but the form ot Wacousta stands forth, And darker his frown than the clouds of the North; More fiercely his yell breaks aloud on tme air Than the cries of the Furies urged on by despair. 'Tis done! for the Sioux has fled far away; No longer he urges the deadly affray: But a tear dims the eye of the Ottawa brave-. Their Chieftain sleeps cold in the warrior's red grave. Wacousta! Wacousta! 0, long will thy name Stand brightly, the first on the pages of fame. Thy spirit has gone to the far father land, To meet with the manes of thy bright kindred bond. May the waves in sad cadence thy requiem roll, While the soft, gentle zophyrs waft praise to thy so"a. 62 A mound marks the spet where the Chieftain rop6be, And over his tomb blooms a bed of wild roses. There are other traditions of an interesting character connected with our locality, which, could they be collected and preserved, might be used in some future work of local his. tory to great advantage; but it would swell this article to al inordinate length, to give even the outlines; and I presume it would not comport with the object of your present undertaking, to go thus extensively into matters no better authenticated than these wild legends usually are. Very Respectfully, V. HASCALL. Ialamazoo in 1833. MRS. HENRIETTA S, T. TAYLOR, Secretary Ladies' Library Association, Kal. Miekigan. Time in its passage through twenty-two years, hath wrought a change in the County of Kalamazoo, which to those of us, who were among the "early settlers," seems marvellous and dreamlike. I remember well, a pleasant ride I had, in the early part of November, 1833, from my humble cabin, on "Prairie Ronde," passing over tne "Indian trail" which touched the margin of " Dry Prairie," thence across a somewhat broken country, until it finally passed down on the plain, near the dwelling house, on what now constitutes the " Axtell Farm;" my errand was to purchase, at what was then considered the great mart of trade for this County, a supply of Salt. The Trading House below the present village of Kalamazoo and near where now stands the Furnace, furnished the principal supply of Salt and Iron, (and that in very limited quantities) and other necessaries to the Pioneer. At the Trading House, I found a large number of Indians, bartering for their supplies of Blue Calico and Whiskey. My mission was speedily and satisfactorily accomplished, by an exchange of twelve dollars and fifty cents in silver coin, for one barrel of salt, the salt to be brought home in the course of a few days, by the ox team of a neighbor, who was jointly interested with me in the purchase. On my return, I had for companions, " Sagawaw ' the village Chief of some two score of Indian Lodges, located on what is termed the " North West Neck" of Prairie Ronde, and his interpreter, "Durocher," a mongrel, hti mother a Squaw, his father a Canadian Frenchman. The Chief was a noble specimen of his race, reserved, and with little disposition to indulge in idle talk.Durocher, on the contrary, had many of the peculiarities of the Frenchman, a constant disposition to exaggerate, violent in his gesir.ulalion, with a copious; and sometimes almost a furious flow of worAs: In passing a point of marsh land, distant ab',ut one mile from the present Axtell Farm louse, 64 the Indian pointed to a mound shaped spot of land, entirely surrounded by the marsh, and explained through Durocher, that there stood, during the last war with England, a shop, in which two men, (one French, the other English,) labored in repairing the guns of the Indians. He stated that the rude shop was erected, and the men paid by the British Government, and that the repairs were made for the Indians, free of any charge; that the shop was placed on that knoll or mound surrounded by a wet marsh, as a protection to some extent, against tire. Sagawaw also stated, that many Indians were at that spot, for weeks, obtaining repairs and making their simple arrangements, in anticipation of a great battle to be fought in the month of December, A. D. 1812, in the Eastern part of what now constitutes the State of Michigan, and that their expectations were sadly realized in the bloody fight at Frenchtown, on the River Raisin, on the 22d day of January, A. D. 1813, where the very flower of the Kentucky soldiery, including the gallant company led on by Captain Hart, were butchered almost to a man. A few of the American soldiers escaped the indiscriminate slaughter of that dreadful fight, for it stands a recorded historical fact, to the eternal disgrace of Proctor, the British Commander, that he suffered and even encouraged the Indians to pursue this murderous thirst for blood after the remnant of Americans had surrendered. Among the small band that escaped the tomahawk and scalping knife, of the Indians, in that perilous fight, and who with a few others, was taken captive into Canada, was one of the pioneers of our County, and who still lives, a farmer on " Gourd Neck Prairie -- the Government has recently bestowed on him, for his services, a warrant for Bounty Land, and well might John McComsey waive his accustomed modesty and say with patriotic pride, in enumerating his military services, I was in the thickest of the fight at the " Battle of tht River Raisin." The Pottawattamies - to which tribe Sagawaw was at tached, were all, the allies of the British. As the old Chief described what he had witnessed at, and around the spot where we then stood, with extended arm. he directed our eyes to the circular spot where the coal was burnt and prepared for the forge of that primative workshop, and there, within the square of ground, upon which the shop once stood, could still be seen the charred block, on which the anvil had rested, 65 To my enquiry, why were the Pottawattamies always the Allies of the British, and enemies of the Americans, came the ready answer, "Our Father " over the big water gave to the Indian plenty of powder, lead and blankets, and always accompanied the present with the solemn declaration that the Americans had ever intended to drive the Indian away west of the "Father of Waters." But not to be tedious in these early reminiscences, I recur again to the marked change in the country throughout the County of Kalamazoo, within the past score of years; the face of the country is peculiar in its wild state, the cherished home of the Indian, and with his little labor and effort, furnishing him free'y with the means of substance; its wide spread prairies and beautiful groves, before the disturbing hand of the white man had touched them, more lovely than an English landscape, and in its season embellished with a verdure and a profusion and variety of flowers, that would have pleased the eye and made happy the heart of the poet. And now, after the lapse of these few years, since this same country has been surrendered for what has been termed, the improvement of civilization, we have presented for our enjoyment, all the comfort and luxuries of life. Intelligent travelers, in their western tours, have oft times favorably noted the village of Kalamazoo, as having in its location, convenience and beauty, in intimate combination. The even plain and surrounding hills, it would almost seem. expressly prepared for the ornamental and useful efforts of the builder Its people are mainly from the hills of New England, alland that sends its sons for energetic efforts in civilization and refinement, all over the world. Here also, we find spacious streets, and dwellings commodious, and exhibitirg the skill of the arch;tect; the merchant with enlarged capital is before us, with his rich display of fabrics, exhibiting American skill, or woven in the "old world." Churches presenting large outlay of means, have been erected, creditable to the several religious societies, who thus give evidence that they acknowledge the Supremacy of that Being who gives to us life, health, andt prosperity. But I am reminded that I occupy this page by virtue of my position, as one of the early settlers, and that brevity in the writer, hath oft times more of interest than his style or subjct. H,G. W. 9* Wacousta; AL Tradition of the Ottawas. W. C. RANSOM. Not altogether free of romance are the localities around our beautiful Village. Indeed, America's most distinguished novelist, the lamented Cooper, placed the scene of one of his latest tales along the shores of that beautiful stream which winding along the base of the ampitheatring hills that surrounds our Village, shines like a sheen of silver in the far off distance. About this beautiful garden spot of our State it was the delight of the red men to gather. Here were their homes; here their council fires; and here too, reposed in safety their old men and women, while their braves, on some distant expedition, carried terror to the hearts of their enemies. Upon a high bluff just below our village, repose the remains of one of the most noted Chieftains of the Ottawa Tribe. An interesting tradition of his people relates the history of his death, as follows: Many Moons ago ere the pale face had looked upon the blue waters of the Michigan; while vet the Ottawas, the Hu. rons, the Chippewas and Pottawatamies held undisputed sway over that vast tract of country which is washed by tho surrounding lakes; the Sioux a numerous and warlike tribe, whose domains extended from the shores of the Michigan Lake to the Mississippi, on the west, sent out a large war party, who, passing around the head of the lake, invaded the territory oceupied by the Ottawas, who were gathered in large numbers at this point, celebrating the annual feast of the harvest. At peace with their neighbors. and not suspecting danger, the Sioux party had approached to the top of the hills that overlook our valley on the west, without the slightest sus 67 picion on the part of the Ottawas, of the promity of their dangerous foes. Here they paused and awaited the darkness of the night, ere they should make that attack which would send the dusky spirit of many a brave to the happy hunting grounds of the spirit land. The feast and the dance of the harvest went merrily on around the happy fires, the young warrior wooed anit won, the brave recited his deeds of daring, and tne sagimunds of the nation looked grave and smiled by turns at the festive scenes around them. Among the Ottawas was one who joined not in the festivities.--" The Eagles feather " contrasted strongly with the dark hair in which it was twined, and his noble bearing proclaimed him, who sat apart from his comrades, to be a personage of no common position, for he was the son of Wacousta the Chief of his tribe. Once upon an expedition, he had wandered far away from the home of his fathers to the wigwams of the Sioux, here he had sought and obtained the promise of the hand of a Chieftain's daughter, and returned to his home, promising that many moons should not pass, ere he would return and claim his beautiful bride. Well did the young Ottawa know that his tribe would never consent to his taking a wife from a foreign nation, so long as many an Ottawa girl aspired to his hand, and hitherto he had found no fitting opportunity to make his stern father acquainted with his determination. In the meantime the Sioux girl tired of the long delay of her absent lover, learning from her father that they were about to visit his country, after much solicitation, was permitted to accompany the party in their excursion, and was now in their camp, and from her people, learned that a night attack was to be made on the Ottawas, with the intention of cutting them off at a blow. From the outliers she also learned that Wacousta was among them, and Omeena his Son. To save his family from the threatened massacre was the determination of the Sioux maid, and accordingly, after nightfall, she started from the camp and threading her way noiselessly under the dark shadows of the forest, she soo:i reached the camp of the Ottawas. Drawing the folds of her blanket closely around her face to conceal it from the sight of her enemies, she quickly found herself at the door of a Lodge, fiom the size of which, she judged the owner to be of no common rank. Glancing hastily 68 into the faces of the sleeping occupants as the flickering fire revealed them to view, she saw that Omeena was not there and turned away to continue the search elsewhere. Hardly, however, had she changed her course, ere she met the young Ottawa returning to the lodge which she had but just visited. Great was the surprise of the young Chieftain at meeting his affianced there; but not less surprised was he as she revealed to him the proximity of his foes, and warned him to apprize his family, that they might flee from danger. She then retraced her steps, and her absence having been unnoticed, was soon seated among the people of her nation. Hard was the struggle in the mind of Omeena, as he pondered over the intelligence which had but just reached him.The struggle.was but brief, the glory of the brave, and the love of his nation triumphed over every other principle, and soon hundreds of grim warriors sallied forth, to form an ambuscade for the approaching enemies. Crossing the Kalamazoo, they secreted themselves in the dark thicket on its western bank, and awaited the Sioux's coming. Just as the harvest moon had risen brightly over the Eastern hills the almost silent tread of the warriors betokened their approach, and now the Ottawa war cry went up to the bending sky from hundreds of braves, and the deadly affray commenced. Warrior with warrior grappled, and together sunk in death's embrace. First in the fight moved the stately Wacousta. Eagerly he sought the Sioux leader, and to terminate the contest with the result of a single combat. The morning came, and with it the struggle had ceased. The Sioux defeated at every point, had retreated, leaving their Chieftain among the dead of the battle field. Upon his breast reclined the head of a young Sioux girl whose beauty had not protected her from the merciless tomahawk, as she endeavored in the fury of the fray, to shield the fallen body of her father. A little distance from the Sioux Chieftain, reposed on the dewy grass the body of another warrior, the plumes that were turned in his hair, draggled and trailing on the earth. The serenity of death had calmed the stern features, and this was all that remained here of Wacousta. Omeena survived the fray, and when evenings shadows were again resting upon the landscape, they carried out the bodies of the noble dead, and buried them side by side. 69 At their graves they planted the wild rose, and with each returning spring, the Ottawa maidens came to strew with forest flowers the resting place of the young Sioux girl, and the braves to look upon the spot where reposed the noble Wacousta and his deadly foe. The Aborigines. BY GEORGE TORREY. They've pass'd away; that ancient race, A thousand years ago; Swept from the earth, and scarce a trace, Tells where their dust lies low. These Prairies, with fair flowrets spread, These garden beds so green; These mounds of earth, that hold their dead, Tel! that such men have been, Rude, unrefined, perchance their life. Was spent in useful toil, Unskill'd in arms-averse to strife, They till'd the fruitful soil. They rear'd their Temples to the Sun, Their shrines, to gods unknown, And ceremonial rites were done, On the ' Sacrificial Stone." Frewhile another race, more rude, Wild warrior Hunters came, From their far western solitudes, Pursuing here their game. They found this peaceful, happy race, Spread o'er this wide domain; They laid their fields and Temples waste, And swept them from the plain. Far South, beyond the mighty stream That bore them on its tide, They've passed-their history is a dream, Their name with them has died. No " storied urn " no sculptur'd stone, No written scroll of fame, 71 To tell their deeds, these mounds alone Stand here, without a name. They're gone, their untold legions swell, The army of the dead; Unwept, unsung, their ashes dwell. Unhonored, where we tread. Perchance these Prairies, where no siga Of tree or shrub is seen, Were covered with th' Oak and Pine, The forest's king and queen. Tho Saxon race that came from far, Beyond the dark blue wave, Hither led on by Freedom's star, That guides the Free and Brave. Have reared a nation, who at length, Has spread its flowing tide, O'er the wide west, whose wealth and strength Fills its great heart with pride. And what shall be our monument, When we have passed away: What " Illiad " shall the muse invent, Or history portray? Would that some bard like him of old, Who sung of " arts and arms," Our Nation's glory would unfold, With the poet's fairy charms. Muse of Columbia's favored land, Some native bard inspire, To wake with glowing heart and hand, Thy long neglected Lyre. ---~---.--~--- ~Indian Names. Along Algoma's rocky shore. Roll the wild Northern waves; Chanting sad dirges as they roar, Around the red men's graves. And Michigan's dark bosom, bears To Huron's wilder shore, The mingled tide of many a stream, Named by those men of yore. hiskegon,'rolling down, 'mid groes Of dark and stately pines; 'Where the dun deer, undaunted roves, Within these dark confines. And Washtenong, whose vallies broad. A golden harvest yields; The home where once the red man trod. Lord of those fertile fields. And thy sweet sylvan, silvery tide, Ke-Kalamazoo, hast seen Their clustered cabins on thy side, Their sports upon the green. Thou hast borne along their light canoe, And heard their war-whoop ring; Did'st thou hear who named thee, Kalamazoi Was it chieftain, sage, or king? It matters not his name or rank, Or whence thy baptism came, While thy swift waters lave their bank, Shall live thine Indian name! Yes: Michigan hath many a'name, Graven on her virgin breast, To consecrate for aye, their fame, Whose sleeping dust there rests, Her Lakes, her Streams, her Forest shades, Her Prairies, Plains, and Mounds, Bear records of the race who made, The wide West, hallowed ground. Then cherish still, these Indian names, Fulfill the sacred trust, Bequeathed by thbse whose hisrory c a ms A place, where sleeps their dust. By GFORdE T.OKH.l The Printing Academy.Kalamazoo, Michigan ,%Nov Il I..1 ML 9&, i-ý!,,,,, ",-,-,,,, t,,, j, I ý.ý,,.,ýý, ý ý,j,. - ".,, ý..,,,, ý, ý ý, _ _, - ý ".. _; ý "'., I I._. ý,,, I ý ý ý! ý ý,,, ýý;. ý,,,, z ý I. ý,; ý.,, ý,ý, r,,, ý,,., ý,ý ý ý,,,;,,ýý,ý,,,,,, ",, ý,,, f, - -, (.,ý. ý 'I",!:, ",,,, % I ', ý ",.,,, I, I I I I ý. I ý, ", ", I,, ý " I t,? ý, " -,., I - ",, I I ý. 1ý I ý ý:ý, ýý, ý,,) (,, 1, ". I -ý " 't ý.,;,.ý 1,,,,, I, " I I I,. 1, ýý,ý I I. 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