V
V
::iA II
VA*
-A V AAAAA-+
A   
--                   A —A.  >V~  IA,AAA  A-~-A- --                   AA>"
'VA    AAAV -~VV-   A>AAA~ A>
VV41                            -
IA     AVk44.
WA-.  A  -  >AA  -  -A —    A
VA
NI                                                            VA
A




am, 1






A 












THE


CENTENNIAL


HISTORY


0 F


CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.
Organization of the County, Townships and Village,
Early History, Settlements, Improvements. Present Business, Valuable Statistical
Tables, Advertisements.
SUPPLEMENT,
DESCRIPTIVE OF MACKINAC ISLAND.
SPECIALLY-Its Objects of Scenic Interests.
GENERAL-Its Business Matters, &c.


BY REV. W. H. WARE.


CHEBOYGAN, MICH.:
NORTHERN TRIBUNE PRINT.
1876.




c ( f                   "      1 V      f
c    I      'r (,,     (  C,,,   t
t.   I
r t,,, f,,       ( c     c   C,  C,
r     I.1
r     r   (        - f     r!




OFFICIAL CENTENNIAL PROCLAMATIONS.
BR the President of the United States:
EXECUTIVE (1CtIAMBER, WASIIINGTON D. C.
WIHEREAS  A joint resolution of tlhe Senate and IlHouse of
Replesenltlti1ves of the Unit ed Stattes was duly a1 pproved oil the
12th of Marc-h last, which -resolution is as follows':!
Be it resolved, etc., 'JThat it be and is hel eby recoltme:(led by
th  e Sea  ndte  ld House of Represenlltatives to the peot)le of the
several sta;tes that they assemble in their several towns o11 the
~lap proalehiln-  anllliveCrsary of ourl nationxal inlelpentldence, allnd
that they cause to be delive-red oil sulch day a l)istori,.al sketch of
saild coulty or ioown fl'om its fonrmaltion, and tha't a,opl)y of said
sketchli maly be filed in print or manuscript in the clerk's office
of said count3y, and all additional copy in print or imanunscript Le
filed in the oflice of the librla'iin of C l)grelles, to the ihitenlt tGl:tt
a comlplete record nmay thus be obtained of the pl;ogress of our1
ilstitutions iduringl the first Centernial of their existence; a(11
WIXnEREAS, It is dermedl pioleier thit suchll recommllnelatioi) be boughtl l to tlhe notice and kliowleldge of the people of
the Unitedt States: Now. itherelfore I, TUtlysses S. Grant. Pres-.
dent of the United States (do h)eeby declare and(. maike known
the same. in the hope that tlhe object of suchi resolution may
meet the approval of the people of thle Unite(l StatLes, ain(l thlat
the proper' steps may be takJen to bring the same into effect.
Given under my hlancl at the city of Washinrtonl, o0n he 28th
day of Mlay, in the ye1ar of our Lorid 1876,:l1(l of the ietpend-lence of the United States the one hundredth.
By the President:                    U. S. GRANT.
HAMILTON FISn, Secretary.
I!P _..: -1  _:




By the Governor of the State of Michigan.
STATE OF MIICHIGAN,
EXECUTIVE, OFFICE, Lansinlg May 16. 1876.  5
TO TIE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICIIGAN: I have received notice from the office; of the Dep.artment of State, at
Warshington, ot the passage, by Congress, of the followiug joint
resolution:                                   '.p
Be it Resolved b? the Senate and House of Representatives of
the United States of America, in Congress Assembled. That it be,
and is hereby, recommended byI the IHouse of Representatives to the
people of the several states that they assemble in their several
cunties or towns on the approaching Centennial anniversary of
our National  I ndependellc, and thal tlhey cause to have delivered
01n such day an historical sketch of said county or town from its
formation, that a copy of said sketch may be filed, in print or manuscript, in the clerk's office in said counrty, and an additionall copy,
in print or manuscript, be filed in the office of the Librarian of Congress, to the intent that a complete record may thus be obtained of
the progress of our insti utions during the first Centennial of their
existence."
Approved, March 13, 1876.
I earnestly hope that in the celebration of the anniversary of
our National Independence in this state the recommendation mav
be universally regarded. Our record is yet new and familiar to
us, our development and growth is a history of continued prosperity, and it is eminently proper in this Centennial year, while
recalling with gratitude the beneficence of Divine Providence in
His dealings with us, that we should put upon record, for those
who come after us, the history of a state that in forty years has
grown to an empire with a million and a half of people-educated in public schools-blest in common prosperity-and united
as citizens by a common patriotism.
In addition to the request of Congress that copies of the sketches
be filed in the library of Congress, and the county records, I suggest that copies be sent to the State Library at Lansing.
By the Governor:                  JOHN J. BAGLEY.
E. G. D. HOLDEN, Secretary of State.




CONTENTS.
AgriculturNIlExhibit of the number of farms ---------------— 20
Exhibit of farm Products hin 1873 ---------------— 21
E xhibit of live stock ini 1874 -----------------— 21.
Altitudes of Mackinac Island -------------------— 94
Climatolo-ical --- —---------------------— 16
Civil Oi'ganiza-tio-Ii of Cheboygan~ti Coun11ty --- —---------— 23
Cheboyglan Village -----------------------— 23
Ceniteaial Anniversary ---------------------— 7
Cheboygani Business Directory ------------------— 68
Clim —itology ot Macklinac Islanid -----------------— 9
Exhibit of Populationl --- —------— I --- —----— 25
Editori.Al Bu-shiess Notes ---------------------— 101.
Early History of Cheboygani County anwl Village --- —----— 27
Fishery Business ------------------------— 22
General Business Exhibit --------------------— 22
Macklilac Island, (Stipplemeiit) ---------------------
Mackinac Businesss Directory-3 --- —-------------— 99
Physiological --- —- ----------------------- 13
ProclamationsPresident's --- —---------------------— 3
Governor's -------------------------— 4
Preface -----------------------------— 13
Reference to National Progress --- —--------------- 62
Request for Publica-tion anu j~Reply --- —-----------— 11


I


I;










Cheboygan County and Village Centennial Anniversary.


In accordance with the foregoing official proclamations the citizens of
Cheboygan village and county held a number of meetings and made preparations for the proper celebration of the Centennial Fourth of July, 1876.
At a meetlng held on Monday, June 19th, the following committees were,ippointed, viz;
Committee of Arrangements-Messrs. J. P. Sutton, T. A. Perrin, W.
Chlandler, W. W. Strohn, S. Taylor and G. W. Bell.
Committee on Finance-Messrs. M. W. Home and 0. B Weed.
The Committee of Arrangements decided on the following programme,
viz;
Officers of the Day.
PRESIDENT-Wm. It. Maultby, Esq.
VICE PRESIDENTS-Messrs. Jacob Post, G. W. Stimpson, W. B. Ellis,
P. NMcDonald and J. B. McArthur.
CHAPLAIN-Rev. W. H. Ware.
READER-Mr. Geo. P. Humphrey.
HISTORIAN-Rev. W. H. Ware.
Mr. David Smith's grove was selected as the place to hold the celebration exercises, where a platform and seats were provided.
The Celebration Described.
The following ample description of the celebration is taken from the
Cheboygan Free Press, Thursday, July 6th, 1876:
"The Centennial celebration of the 4th of July at Cheboygan was
throughout a complete success. Everybody seemed pleased and happy.
No fights or drunken rows occurred on the streets.  Everybody seemed
bent on having a good time, and as far as we cairlearn their prospects
were realized. The day opened up rather cloudy, and a great many were
apprehensive that it would be a wet day, but the weather all day was all
that could be desired. The early morning was very assiduously employed by our 'Young Americas' in shooting fire crackers and people arranging
*                             -,          -             *+   i   e.   *




8


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


flags along the principal streets and on a great many private houses. The
firing of guns and anvils throughout the village soon had the effect of
bringing the population of the village to a sense of the importance of the
day, and the streets soon began to fill with people. At about 8 o'clock A.
M. the head of the procession of Kalathumpians, about 81 strong, made
its appearance at the junction of Main and Court streets, headed by the
Star and Stripes and the martial band. As they passed down Main street
in their fantastic, grotesque and ludicrous costumes,.the citizens that filled the sidewalks, balconies and windows along the street. sent up cheer
after cheer as this or that evolution of those nondescripts in their parade
and comical appearance would excite the eagerly watching throng. All
wore masks and were mounted on horses and mules, and rigged out in
the most outlandish manner, and we acknowledge our inability to describe even faintly their appearance or dress.  It was a performance that
needed to be seen to be appreciated, suffice it to say that those who have
seen many of this kind of exhibitions before declare it was the best display they ever witnessed. After parading the principal streets of the
village for about an hour they retired to their place of rendezvous. Everybody voted them a success and a '"big thing."
Between 9 and 10 o'clock people commenced wending their way toward
Smith's grove to participate in the celebrating exercises. The committee
of arrangements had a large speakers' stand erected in the grove and
seats in front to seat a large number of persons, also a dancing floor, and
several booths were on hand to dispense lemonade, ice cream and other
Fourth of July commodities.
At 10'2 o'clock, Acting President George W. Bell, Esq, called the audii        ence to order, and in a brief manner stated the object of this occasion of the
people coming together on this day of our nation's history, when prayer
was offered by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. Ware, after which, Mr. Geo. P.
Humphrey was introduced and the Declaration of Independence was read.:        About this time the weather looked very threatening and a few drops of
rain fell, but fair weather soon prevailed and the rest of the day was clear.
The Historian of the day, the Rev. W. H. Ware, was then introduced,
and in a very clear an masterly manner read to the audience the history
A        of Cheboygan countyP Much credit is due Mr. Ware in this effort, considering the short space of time he has had to collect the early reminiscences, facts and incidents of the early settlement of this county, com-:        mencing with the advent of the first white settler, and following it up with
a detailed statement of th settlement and growth of the county to the
I a.           *      7          -                                       - -  G
j,i:      f# Ad jGo CX CC a<t^                               C
[B._U B




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


9


present timne. giving dates to all matters of importance is no small matter
to accomplish. This he has done, and the history is replete with all the
notable features of our early history,;lso giving the present business
wealth in the aggregate of capital invested in mercantile and manufacturring enterprises. Scarcely a business calling or profession is left unnoticed, and we suggest that it be printed so that, the citizens of the
county could possess a copy of the work. No doubt every one would
gladly give any reasonable price for a copy.
The reading of the history closed the exercises at the stand, when
dancing was commenced on the flo-r erected for that purpose, and it was
soon tilled with merry persons tripping the light fantastic toe, while
others sought the well-filled tables provided by Mr. David Smith, to satisfy the hungry demands of nature.  The tables were loaded with all the
substantials possible to be secured in the county. The baked beans cooked
in the down-east style were particularly praised. and hy the quantities
eaten proved that they were'relished. Hot tea and coffie and strawberries
and cream in abundance were also provided by "mine host" and the gentlemanly and kindly manner in which all were treated at the many tables,
together wiih the qualtity and quality of the many viands that loaded
the tables, soon spread contentment on the faces of all that sat down to
the banquet.
About two thousand people were now on the grounds, and the utmost
good feeling prevailed. Everybody seemed bound to celebrate and have a
good time.
As per announcement, the sports and games now came in for tlheir
place in theprogramme:
The first was a running race, 80 rods, free to all in the county, one
straight heat, prize $5. Three horses were entered for this race, viz:
"Rock," owned by Wm. Devine; "Jack Sheppard," owned by Littlefield; "George," owned by Perrin Bros. No time kept. Race won by
"George."
The second was a pony race, 80 rods, free to all in the county, single
heat, l)rize $5. Four ponies were entered for this race. "Bouncer," by
G. W. StimpsonL; "Gagoion" and "Uncle Sam," by I. Littlefield, and
"Kitty H.," by M. W. Holre. Race won by "Bouncer."
The third was a slow race-riders to change-last norse coming in
taking the money. Distance 80 rods. Purse $5. Four horses were entered. "Big Baldy," by Robert Robinson; "Uncle Sam" and "Gagnon."
by I. Littlefield, and "Kittie H.," by M. W. Horse. Race won by "Kittie
I-I.                                9
f             — / —
H?           9i)
';




10


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


The next was a foot race, 200 yards, purse $3. Several entries. Race
won by Mr. Grant.
Next was a boys' foot race, 100 yards, purse $1 50. Several entries,
and won by F. Sammons.
The wheelbarrow race came next, blindfold, purse $1 50. Alexander
Page and Frank Cayford entered for this, and was won by Cayford.
The sack race, W. E. Erratt and C. Hamel were contestants, and was
won by Erratt,
This closed the amusements at the grove. No accident of any importance occurred to mar the festivities of the day. The crowd voted the
celebration a perfect success, and quietly dispersed."..




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


11


REQUEST FOR PUBLICATION,
CHEBOYGAN,. Sept. 2d, 1876.
W. H. Ware, Historian of Cheboygan County, 1Mich.:
DEAR SIR:-Having reviewed the manuscript of the Centennial history of Cheboygan County and Village, a part of which was ead at the
Fourth of July celebration, containing reminisences, facts and incidents
of the early settlement of the county and village, with their civil organizatlon, beginning with the advent of the first settler, and following
with an elaborate and carefully prepared statement of their growth, including descriptions of public works by the U. S. government, state
government, the county and village authorities, and by individual enterprise, all down to the present date; also numerous tables of statistics,
showing the agricultural. lumbering, mercantile, and other business interests of the county and village, and believing this able and interesting
work would be of permanent value, both as a history and as a useful
business exhibit, we respectfully request its publication, and will cheerlully recommend it to the general patronage of the public.
H. H. KEZAR, Chairman Board of Township Supervisors.
M. METIVIER, County Clerk and Register of Deeds.
W. H. MAULTBY, County Treasurer.
G. W. BELL, Judge of Probate.
GEO. PAQUETTE, Sheriff.
W. S. HUMPHREY, Prosecuting Attorney.
W. CHANDLER, Editor Northern Tribune.
J. P. SUTTON, Justice of the Peace.
A. P. NEWTON, Village President.
S. HARRIS EMBURY, Village Treasurer.
JAMES J. BROWN, Village Attorney and Ed. Free 1 ress.
M. W. HORNE, Village Marshal.
REV. C. L. DECEUNINCK, St. Mary's R. C. Church.
O. B. WEED, Principal Union Public School.
C. A. BRACE, Postmaster.
A. McKAY. Deputy Collector of Customs.
C. W. FARR. Manager, W. U. Telegraph Co.
A. M. GEROW, M. D.
T. A, PERRIN, M. D.
F. J. POMMIER, M. D.
G. D. V. ROLLO & Co., Bankers.
R, PATTERSON.
E. NELSON.
REPLY.
Messrs. H. H. Kezar, M. Metivier, W. H Maultby, G. W. Bell, and others:
GENTLEMEN: Yours of the 2d inst., requesting the publication of the
History of Cheboygan County, which was read at the celebration of the
Centennial Fourth of J uly, is received. In accordance with your request
the manuscript will be placed in the hands of a publisher at once. I
would be pleased if this little work should prove interesting to you, and
of any service to the county and village.
Respectfully Yours,     W. H. WARE,
CHEBOYGAN, Sept. 6, 1876.




0        ,      I                       -     I.       -... I              m




PRE FACE.
In the preparation of this "History of Cheboygan County and Village."
I have been greatly aided by valuable information kindly furnished me
by Messrs. Medard Metivier, County Clerk; H. M. Airth, Village
Recorder; M...Horne, R. Micklejohn, C. Brannock, C. Bellant, F. M.
Sammons, and others. I am under obligations also to the following
works, viz: "History of Cheboygan and Mackinac Counties," by George
Robinson and R. A. Sprague; "Old and New Mackinaw," by Rev. J. A.
Van Fleet. A. M; "Island of Mackinac," by J. Disturnell, for information
derived from them. Also to files of the late Manitawaba Chronicle, kindly loaned me by Thomas Bentley, Esq.
This being the first Centennial anniversary in our national history,
every item of occurrence marking its rise and progress will
be generally important, but especially locally. I have therefore secured
what facts I could gather, and as reliable as possible, of the origin and
early history of the county and village. I have sought to indicate so far
as could be ascertained the present general conditions of the
county and village. It is believed that the tables of statistics here compiled from various sources and arranged in concise form will prove a valuable feature of the work. They give in a clear and accessible manner
the important knowledge often needed by citizens interested in the prosperity of their county, and are also profitable in setting forth the advantages of the county as a region of country for settlement, and of the village as a place for general business and manufacturing purposes.
We respectfully invite particular attention to the business cards inserted
in this work. Advertising is both the life and support of business, and
often its prosperity is indicated by it. It will doubtless be profitable for
our patrons to send copies abroad to their business friends.
The Mackinac Island Appendix will be found interesting, describing as
it does, some of the finest of nature's scenes that can be observed anywhere. No tour of the traveler in search of the beautiful or grand is
complete that does not take in Mackinac Island and its varied and majestic scenery. We solicit your attention to the business cards of our
patrons on the Island.
PUBLISHER.




I




HISTORY OF CHEBOYGAN COUNTY.


The name Cheboygan is of Indian derivation, (Cha-boia-gan), and signifies a place of entrance, a portage, or harbor, referring to the river.
I. PHYSIOGRAPHICAL.
Cheboygan county is bounded on the north by Lake *Huron and the
south channel of the Straits of Mackinac, on the south by the counties of
Montmorency and Otsego, on the east by Presque Isle county, and on
the west by Emmet and Charlevoix counties, and with Emmet county
forms the extreme upper apex of the lower peninsula of the state.
Its TOPOGRAPIY is diversified by level plains and rolling lands. rising
from the lake shore line to heights of fifty, one hundred, and even two
hundred feet.
Its SOIL is composed of variable tracts of red clay, sand and clay
loam, very generally rich and productive.
Its TIMBER consists of beech, maple. hemlock, pine, cedar and other
kinds.
It is well WATERED by the Rainy, Black, Pigeon, Cheboygan and
Maple rivers, and by Cheboygan, Mullet, Burt, and the east part of Turtle
(or Douglass) and Long Lake.
A valuable feature of this county is its large lakes, Burt and Mullet
Lakes being specially worthy of mention. They both derive their names
from the surveying engineers, Mr. Burt and Mr. Mullet, who surveyed
the adjoining lands. These gentlemen made the surveys between 1840
and 1843. They made their home at the Metivier House, on Mackinac
Island, which was then kept by Medard Metivier, our present County
Clerk and Register of Deeds, who purchased the hotel from the old
John Jacob Astor Fur Company, who had previously used it as their
place of business. Burt Lake is nine miles in length and five miles in
width; Mullet Lake is twelve miles long and ]four miles wie.; They
reach in depth from the shore to sixty and ninety feet respectively.,




16


CTETENNIAL HISTORY OF


The water is clear as crystal, mostly fed by springs.  They are the
habitat of va:ions kinds of fish, such as White, Pic kenr'. Bass, Trolt,
Mus.kalionge and the kinds generally found in lakes EHuron and Michiga).
Ch!eboyrgan River is tlie outlet of' he chain of the lakes, Mullet, Burt,
and through Crooked River into Crooked Lake. thus extending, with
t heir connecltiln rivers, over a hundred miles into the interior of Cheboyganrl and adjionilng coulnties, adl travel'sin vast forests of valduable
pine and h:ardi wood timber. and which  il opetl up at some not distant
tday the county for:lricultlural ptlurlpoes.
II. CLIMATOLOGICAL.
This department of the description of Cheboygan county coming more
properly witlin the range of the observance, investigation and representation of the medical profession, I made request of Dr. Arthur M. Gerow,
gr(aduate of Buffalo Medical College. N. Y., who is the longest resident
physician in the county, to furnish me with a candid professional report
of the climate and hygienic character of Cheboygan county. In compliance therewith, I have gratefully to acknowledge the receipt of the
following letter, which well describes the climate and healthfulness of this
county;
CIEBOYGAN, Mich., Sept. 28, 1876.
Rev. W. H. Ware:
DEAR SIR: In compliance with your request, I give you my opinion
of
Cheboygan as a Health Resort,
And also to specify a few of the principal maladies for the relief of which
the climate is especially adapted. I shall, of necessity, be as concise as
possible. I have practiced medicine in this locality for over eight years,
and have, in consequence, had an extensive field for observation.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


17


In tile first place I shall mention a few of the diseases for the relief of
which the climate is especially adapted, and pre-eminently first among
these is
Hay Fever.
Patients suffering from this disease in localities where it is prevalent, naturally look around for some place where they may obtain relief, and to all
such persons the climate of Cheboygan and vicinity affords a specific cure.
During the past few years I have known a great many people coming here
for the purpose of escaping from their much dreaded enemy in the form
of hay fever. Many of the persons after coming here and experiencing
such complete and almost instant relief, have gone hunting and fishing,
enduring great exposure and fatigue, without even a symptom of the return of the affection. Further, I have never known any exception to this
rule, and to make the argument still more conclusive in favor of the immunity from this disease, I have never known a case of hay fever to originate here. One of our citizens, after coming here and obtaining such entire relief, and being so impressed with the natural healthfulness of the
locality and of its entire immunity from the class of diseases of which he
was a great sufferer, has made investments here, making this his permanent home. His former health and vigor have returned, and he can
endure more exposure and fatigue than before without any return of his
old affliction,and this is not a solitary case by any means.
I would recommend his example to any who are suffering yearly torment from hay fever, and who wish to obtain permanent relief. The
country is new and affords opportunities for investment and labor surpassed by few places in the country. Farming lands are cheap and productive, offering great inducements for investments to those who.are inclined to that mode of life, (the most healthful of all). If business, either
manufacturing or mercantile, is preferred, there are almost numberless
opportunities for entering them with a good prospect of success. Persons in either the primary or secondary stages of




18


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


Consumption
Experience great benefits from even a temporary sojourn in this locality
and there are those whom I have met in my practice who have been entirely cured by the change in the climate. Among either the old residents
or natives of this place, I may say I have never known of a case of consumption. As a natural consequence, patients in the last stage of the
disease are not usually benefited, as the air is too bracing.! The best place
for all such is home, with all the comforts with which they may be able to
surround themselves. For persons suffering from
Asthma,
The climate is peculiarly favorable. Patients who formerly were great
sufferers from that disease were entirely and permanently relieved by the
change. As a rule asthma among the old residents is very rare.
Invalids
Recovering from acute diseases find in the climate a panacea for all their
ills and weaknesses. They renew their strength and vigor, and enter
upon a new life full of buoyancy and hope. In all
Chronic Diseases,
More especially dyspepsia, the climate proves highly beneficial, and those
cases where
General Debility
is the most prominent symptom, the pure bracing atmosphere and the
equable temperature give them a new lease of life, and inspire them with
hopes to which they had long been strangers. The mortality among
children from




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                     19
Bowel Complaint
Is" very small, hence during the heated term this locality affords a safe
refuge from those diseases which almost decimate the infant population
of large cities. The
Mildness of Temperature
Is no doubt owing to the close proximity of such large bodies of water
as Lakes Superior, Huron and Michigan, and in no instance has the thermometer marked so low a temperature as it has in inland localities,
although they may lie in much more southerly latitudes. This one fact,
coupled with its equableness, makes this one of the most delightful as
well as the most healthful localities on the continent.  With all these
qualities and one other, that of having the purest of water, Cheboygan is
especially adapted to the
Overworked Professional or Business Man
In search of some locality where he may recuperate his vital powers, and
after remaining here for even a short t me, he goes back to his business
with renewed zest and vigor, amply repaying him for the trouble he may
have taken to obtain them. Even in case of diseases, where a permanent restoration to health may not be anticipated, a mitigation of th';i unfai crable symptoms is experienced in many cases, and in some instances the
patients were agreeably surprised to find that they had obtained even
more than they had sought for, and experienced permanent relief. Another
feature which makes this climate more agreeable still in summer is the
fact that although the weather may be warm through the day, the nights
are cool and pleasant, contrasting very favorably with other localities in
that respect.
Freedom from Malarious Diseases,
Is another recommendation for this region, and considering the apparent
causes for the production of such diseases, its immunity is somewhat re
markable. Persons in some cases live in low and wet situations, and yet




20


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


I have failed to see that they were any more liable to contract diseases than
those in seemingly more favored locations.
I have the honor to be,
Your obedient servant,
A. M1. GEROW, M. D.
III. AGRICULTURAL.
As the lands and the products of a country are essential features of its
value, we have prepared the accompanying table to set them forth in a
clearer manner than we could in any other way. We invite their careful consideration.
TAB L. E No..
Exhibit of the number of farms, acres in each, average number of
acres in farms, improved, and land exempt from taxation of Cheboygan
county. by townships, as per census of Michigan, 1874, pages 122 and
162..r i.c  a a a
and  ~* d;ct I-*            t      |~    l
I 571     1 489391 44 22A409 Rig98. 245
Townships                              2 oC., d  c  a~
and   |t | B                       ^a?County.   o                  -
Acres.  Acres. Ac's Acres. Doll's.
Tn.rnoa   5 ~7  93^AQ 9.8991 91-9,44L   29-64.109 fIQQ 1-.,RA9?9lq  2946i5




Duncan......    9   830 92.22
Burt......      12 1,556 129.66
Grant........  67 59,208 883.70
Benton........16 2,206 137.87
Beaugrand.... 40 3048 76.20
Total of the Co. 201 72,196 359.18
Cenl's
of '64.
Incr's


21,276.00 21,451.00 264
172,938.00 174,156.00 126
47,916.71 50,192.76 1195
5,903.49  5,909.49 272
16,073.00 16,324.50 342
285,352.06 290,676.84 2898
C's Mich. 675
13,579.00
271,773.06 Increase. 2223


175.00
1,218.00
2,276.05;
6
251.001


2,350
2,436
3,436
30,000
9,640


5,324.781 49,327
*Such as cemeteries,ch urch's,
school   house
sites,  church
property, &c.






CLTEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                        21
TABLE No. 2.
Exhibit of f~art 1)Ioducts in 1873, of Clheboygan, cou~nty, by townshiips-,,s per censuts of Michigan, 1874, pw')(e 180.


Trownshipsa111( Coun1ty.V


bus bu-u- u-,tn            -b  -b  b
439 25 2550 4263 2871515           800
374     1801 1707 167     27 1400
30 154     79  15 969.  5    16002491
478     1032 5134 520 203 3430 1210
29 11Th5 1810   8 2     400
030     789  1420 168
1351 204174O921l490011229 745 50390 4501




Inverness.............
Dmicaui..............
Burt................
Grant................
Beniton............
Beaniorand............
Total of the Clounty........


TABLE No. 3.
Exhibit of' live stock in 1874 of Cheboygan county, by townships-, by


census of Michigan, page 248.


Townships and County.
Inverness.................
Diincan...........
Burt.....
Grant..................
Benton............
Beaugrand...


W
C,:
6-4
25
13
20
36


0
5
18
30
2
55


r/I
111
C
1z
f-;
-4
1
7f
24-L
C
I.,
6C
2(
24
22LI


0 C.
47     103
[  37 5    6
1918
65 17   16
34 6
1 92 46 125


c:2
48


Total of the county..............439


157




22


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


IV. FISHERY BUSINESS.
TABL IE N o. 4.
Exhibit of capital inlvested in fisheries and the number of barrels of
fish caught durling the year 1873, as per the last statistics gathered of
this branch of business.  See census 1874.


Townships andl County.


c: ci;= rl
c _
aq C.


__-  _ __ __ _   -   - -   - -I


B e ton.............................................................................  $2150   575
Bea   rand.......................................................................   705
Total of  the  county..................................................5...7.... 57   1280
An Approximate General Exhibit of the Business Capital of Cheboygan County.


_.


Business.
Barrels..................
Blacksmith & cwagon w'rk
Drugs..................
Flouring mill............
Foundry................
Furniture................
General merchandise.....
Iardware.................
Harness...............
Jewelry and watches....
Livery.................
Lumber and other mills...
Meat market............
Millinery.................
Newspaper offices.......
Shoemakers.............
Ship carpenters..........
Stationery..............
Slack Water Nav. Co.....
*Unclassified....


ci
sc
Q
$ 8,000
3,700
2,000
98,000
10,000
2,500
141,900
20,000
1,250
4,500
2.000
245,000
5,000
1.050
3,000
1,400
4.500
1,200
15,000
85,000


Jits.
4,500
2,500
20,500
7,000
4,500
250.300
26.000
4,400
2,800
3,000
225,500
13,000
2,100
3,600
8.500
1.500
3,175
20,000


Remarks,


One store not reported.
Includes dry goods. groceries & provisions.
Lumber, planing & shinl gle mills.
One store nct reported.
Neither office in business
the full year.


Grand totals............ $655,0001 $614,3751


-Miscellaneous minor business pursuits, also some parties being the only ones in the
particular business, refusing to give public statements, are added here.




CH.EBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE


23


VI. CIVIL ORGANIZATION OF CHEBOYGAN
COUNTY.
First Organization.
Cheboy.-ga county was organized in the autumll of 1853. The first
officers were electedl:t a special election held May 1st, 1855, for the term of
service commelncing January 1st, 1855. They consisted of the following
named:
COUNTY CLERK-James S. Iouglass.
REGISTER OF DEEDS-Hiram A. Rood.
JUDGE OF PROBATE-Bela Chapman.
SHERIFF-Medard Metivier.
COUNTY TREASURER-Bela Chapman.
PROSECUTING ATTORNEY-Samiuel H. Price.
CIRCUIT COURT COMMISSIONER —Samuel H. Price.
COUNTY SURVEYOR-Hiram L. Burr.
CORONERS-Richard Knight, Lorin P. Riggs.
FISH INSPECTOR-Daniel L. Strang.
Present Officers.
At the last election for county officers, the following named were
elected for the present term:
COUNTY CLERK-Medard Metivier.
REGISTER OF DEEDS-Medard Metivier.
JUDGE OF PROBATE-George W. Bell.
SHERIFF-George Paquette.
COUNTY TREASURER-W. H. Maultby.
PROSECUTING AT.TORNEY-Watts S. Humphrey.
CIRCUIT COURT COMMISSIONER-George W. Bell.
COUNTY~SURVEYOR-John McDonald.
CORONER-Schuller Farrell.
ORGANIZATION OF TOWNSHIPS.
Inverness.
The township of Cheboygan, then of Mackinaw county, now Inver



24


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


ness, of Cheboygan coun'y, was changed and organized August 31st, 1819.
It included at That time the who'e of what is now Cheboygan county.
FIRST OFFICERS.              PRESENT OFFICERS
SUPERVISOR-Jacob Sammons.      SUPERVISOR-W. B Ellis.
CLERK-H. N. Pease.             CLERK —W. S. Penman.
TREASURER-R. McLood.           TREASURER -W. F. Smith.
Duncan.
The township of Duncan was organized August 23d. 1854.
FIRST O     CE                   SENT OFFICERS.PRESENT OFFICERS.
SUPERVISOR-Jeremiah Woolston.   SUPERVISOR-John Heaphy.
CLERK —James J. Douglass.       CLREK-Adolphus Paquin, Jr.
TREASURER-David J. Wilson.      TREASURER-Adolphus Paquin, SrBurt.
The township of Burt was organized April 2d, 1860.
FIRST OFFICERS.              PRESENT OFFICERS.
SUPERVISOR-Lorin P. Ritgs.   SUPERVISOR-Antoine Shenanaquette.
CLERK-John Heaphy.           CLERK-Dan. Davenport.
TREASURER-Joseph Ossegor.    TREASURER-Joseph Nonqueshwa.
Grant.
The township of Grant was organized April. 3d 1871.
FIRST OFFICERS.               PRESENT OFFICERS.
SUPERVISOR-John Wiley.          S UPERVISOR-Wm. Newman.
CLERK-Wm. H. Thomas.            CLERK-Doris Targift.
TREASURER-Joseph Derashia.      TREASURER-Albert Legault.
Benton.
The township of Benton was organized May 2d, 1871.
FIRST OFFICERS.              PRESENT OFFICERS.
SUPERVISOR-F. M. Sammons.       SUPERVISOR- H. H. Kezar.
CLERK-Robert Micklejohn.        CLREK-S. Harris Embury.
TREAsURER-Andrew Rapin.         TREASURER-H. J. A. Todd.
Beaugrand.
The township of Beaugrand was organized April 1st, 1872.
FIRST IFFIqES.               PRESENT OFFICERS.
SUPERVISOR-Oliver Beaugrand,      SUPERVISOR-James Barclay.
CLERK-Charles R. Kniffin.  C^ LCERK-A. L. Curtis.
TREASURER-Ronald F. McDonald.     TREASURER-Cbas. Briselden.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


25


Exhibit of the Population
Of Cheboygan coutity, by townships, according to the census of Michigatn, 1874. page 12.
Townships aml county.            Males. Females Total.


Inverness2...................................   269      2531     522
D u ca.....................................       84       771     161
Burt.......................................        66       601     126
Grantt...............................          230      177      407
Benton............................                 857      631     1488
Beau  rald...................................    200      166      366
Total for the county, per census of 1874....      1706     1364     3070
T'otl for the county. per census of 1864....       255      228      483
[_


nlcrease in ten years..................  1451  11361  2587
CHEBOYGAN VILLAGE
Is the county-seat or Cheboygan county.  It is situated on the south
shore of Lake Huron, at the mouth of the Cheboygan river, and near
Duncan bay, which affords a safe harbor for vessels in stormy weather.
It is distant from Mackinac Island eighteen miles, and from Detroit three
hundred and thirty two miles, and from Chicago three hundred and fiftyeight miles.
This growing "City of the Straits" is built on a plain which has a
gradual ascent back from the lake, affording pleasant building sites for a
large city.
The streets are well laid out and graded, with extensive sidewalks,
and brightly-lighted street lamps are distributed through them.
There are a number of flowing wells, made by boring down from twenty
to sixty feet, when an abundance of sparkling cold water gushes up unfailingly. Better water can scarcely be found anywhere than comes from
these flowing wells.
There are three churches, Roman Catholic, Methodist and Congregational.
A large Union School House was completed in 1878, wherein a good
graded school is taught by an efficient corps of teachers.




26


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


The Cheboygan river running through the village, affords navigation
for numerous tugs and vessels of light draught into Mullet lake, thence
into Burt lake, then into Crooked lake, to within about five miles of Petoskey, the present terminus of the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad
This river, with the other streams and lakes, affords an abundance of all
kinds of fish, both large and palatable. Sail and row boats can be hired
at reasonable rates. The communications of the village with other places
are at present by line of steamers from Detroit. Buffalo, Chicago and elsewhere, and by stage to Petoskey station an the Grand Rapids and Indiana
Railroad.
There tire about fifty mills, foundries, stores, shops and other business
establishments, and six hotels.
There are published weekly two live newspapers, one Republican, the
other a Democratic journal. Fine job printing can here be done at reasonable prices and with dispatch.
The legal profession is represented by three gentlemen, and the medical
profession by the same number.
The Western Union Telegraph maintains a station. There are also two
express agencies.
The greatest need of the place is railroad communications. Doubtless
the Jackson, Lansing and Saginaw Railroad, runnilg to Gaylord station,
about fifty miles south, would h ive continued the construction of their
road to this place had not the general financial panic occurred. It is
expected, however, to be secured at no distant day, then the prospects
for the rapid growth of the village will be bright.
Its present population is estimated at between fifteen hundred and
two thousand persons.
The village was organized May 9th, 1871, at which time, in the first
charter election there were one hundred and fifteen votes cast, and the
following named were elected
The First Officers.
PRESIDENT-W. P. Maiden. M. D.
RECORDER-H. H. Kezar.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


27


TRUSTEES-Ward B. McArthur, David Smith, Paul R. Woodard,
James N. Reiley, Chas. Bellant, Eph. Nelson.
TREASURER-Lorenzo Backus.
ASSESSOR-S. Legault.
MARSHAL-Peter Paquin, who servfd for two months, then resigned,
and M. W. Home was appointed for and served the balance of the term.
Present Officers.
PRESIDENT-A. P. Newton.
RECORDER-H. M. Airth.
TRUSTEES-H. H. Kezar, T. Crumley, J. W. McGinn, Thos. McGuire,
C. Stevenson, A. McDonald.
TREASURER-S. Harris Embury.
VILLAGE ATTORNEY-James J. Brown.
AssEssoR-Archibald Earl.
MARSHAL-M. W. Home.
VI. EARLY HISTORYOF THE COUNTY AND VILLAGE.
An Indian Battle
Forms one of the first items of history in connection with the territory
now included in Cheboygan county. It occurred about two hundred
years ago, near the site of this village at the mouth of the river, between
two tribes, one tribe, the Ottawas, living at St. Ignace, the other called
the Ausegumugs, living at Pequodenonge or Old Mackinaw, an account
of which we find in a copy of the Manitawaba Chronicle, dated March
25th, 1871.
For some actual or fancied injury which the Ausegumugs received at
the hands of the Ottawas, the former crossed the straits and while
the warriors of the Ottawa tribes were absent, massacred two of
their women whc were at work in the fields.
Upon returning the Ottawa braves formed a band and determined to
cross the straits and avenge the death of these women. The Ausegumugs




28


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


had by this time departed upon an expedition against some tribes living
tflrther toward the south, and the Ottawa chieftain disdaining to avenlge
himself upon helpless women and children, followed their trail as tar as
the month of the Cheboygan river. Here he ordere(l his men to conceal
themselves until their enemies should return.  After a few days of weary
watch'ng and waiting, the nnsuspecting Ausegumugs appeared upon Ihe
beeach, covered with the dust and dirt of their long and fatiguing journey.
It was a sultry August day. The sun was sinking down in the western horizon. The face of proud Huron, free from frowns, was like glass
in bright sunlight; not a zephyr was astir; not a leaf dared to move; no
sound broke upon the ear save the noise of the distant waterfall or the occasional chirping of the little bird in the dense forest shade. but a stillness of death reigned over land and sea. With no thought of danger or
death, the tired warriors now plunge into the sparkling waters to bathe
iandl refresh themselves previous to pursuing their journey homeward, but
while in the midst of this delightful exercise, the shrill war-whoop of the
Ottawa braves broke nature's stillness, and told them that death had all
the time been lurking in the adjacent thickets. The Ottawas now rushed into the w:ter, arid the tomahawk and scalping-knife, terrible In the hands of
a savage, were made to do effective work upon the helpless Ausegumugs.
Old Huron grew reel with anger, but still the work of death went on, until of all that band not a warrior was left to carry the sad news back to
Pequodenonge.
This was an event of more than two centuries ago, and is, doubtless. a
type of many similar events which transpired in this region while under
the sway of the red man.
We find incidental notices of Cheboygan river during the time of the
French and English war, and also du- ing the terrible English and French
and Indian wars, of which Pontiac was the leader. but nothing of sufficient
importance to merit a notice here.:. i The First Settler in Cheboygan County
Was Jacob Sammoans who left Chicago in the spring of 1844, and came




CHIEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


29


to Mackinac Island, and stayed there until the autumn of the same year,
when he came over to Cheboygan in a sail scow named the "Bunker Hill,'"
Captain Moses Nason, and put up a shanty on Water street, across the
road from the lot on which the Marine City House now stands.  In the
spring of the following year, 1845, he brought over his family and they set
tied in that house.
Upon the return of the scow to Mackinac for supplies for Mr. Sammons
for the winter, it brought over on its return, in a week or two after, Alexander (Sandy) McLeod, who built a log house twelve feet square, covered
with hollowed logs, up near where the McArthur, Smith & Co.'s old
blacksmith shop now stands.  Mr. John Biddle, the present Clerk of
Mackinac county, made him a visit there in the winter of 1846. John B.
Vincent, Wm. Flynn, George Kitchen, Stephen Winchell, Lorenzo Backus and H. N. Pease, with their families followed soon after, and settled in
the county.
Ill November, 1848, L. P. Riggs settled on the banks of Mullet lake, at
what is now known as Dodge's Point. He was the first settler there.
In 1849 Donald McDougal also settled on Mullet lake. In 1850 Moses
W. Home moved here with his family. He was tle first person who took
out pre-emption papers, in 1849, which were for fifty-four acres, located
where he now lives.  In 1850 Philip O'Brien and Robert Micklejohn came
to Cheboygan. In the spring of 1851 Medard Metivier settled on the east
side of Mullet lake. In the fall of 1851 W. H. Maultby located here with
his family. About this time Peter McDonald settled where he now re.
sides, Cyril Legault, where Adolphus Paquin now resides, and William
Hudson at the mouth of Blackriver.
From this time forward settlers have been coming in every year.
The First Sailing Vessel
Coming to Cheboygan was the "Bunker Hill," Capt. Moses Nason, owned
by Sammons and Belot. It brought Jacob Sammons over from Mackinac
Island in the autum of 1844, and A. McLeod in the spring of 1845.




30


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


The First Cooper
Was Jaccb Sammons, who established his shop when he first settled here,
ill 1845, near his holse on Water street. near where the Marine City House
now tanlds. Mr. Sammons had employed for himr M. W. Horne, Anson
D)elmadge, James Starkley and others. The first named, Moses W  Home,
made the first fish barrels iu the county in 1846. Mr. Horne is the presellt, s he was the first, efficient Village Marshal.  Though he no longer
makes barrels, he does a staving good ousinets in coop-ing up those who
get on too high a horse, by haying too much to do with the ruinous contents of barrels.
The First Death
In the county and village wele Emma Jane and Martha, daughters of
Jacob and Chloe A. Sammons, the first, Nov. 25th, the last. Dec. 12th,
1846, both by small pox, when quite a number of persons died of the same
(lisease. The above named were buried in the first cemetery in the county,
on Water street, back of the house now standing on the south-west
corner of Water and Third streets.
A Temporary Bereavement.
*We mournll to-day a loss by the departure of some fliends from our
homes and the busy scenes around 1us. who have beetl taken away from
us this calm still molrling, to the peaceful shores and resting-place of:another land over the sea.
Why could they not have remained with us?
Must we be thus ruthlessly separated by a tLeviathan of the deep.
Well, we can only add. in a proper spirit of resignation, "what is our
loss is Mackinac Island's gain!" "Peace be to the ashes" of their exploding fire-crackers.
*In referece to an excursion party who went over to Mackinac Island to celebrate
the Fouith of July.
tThe name of the tug which took the,arty over.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE


31


The First Cemetery
Was located in 1846, on Water street, on lot No. 44 of Jacob Sammons'
plat of Cheboygan village, in the rear of the building now standing on
the south-west corner of Water and Third streets.
The remains of Jacob Sammons, his two children, Martha and Emma
Jane; a wife of Alonzo Cheeseman, and others lie buried there.
The First Water Lumber Mill
In the county was built in the winter of 1845-6, by A. and R. McLeod,
some ten rods above the present works of McArthur, Smith & Co. It
had two old fashioned upright saws set in frames, and a lath mill attached to it. It cut in it, best days fiom ten to fifteen thousand feet of lumber in twenty-four hours.
The First Mail Route
In the county was trom Saginaw to Sault Ste. Marie, via Cheboygan,
established in 1846.
It took two weeks to make the trip. Dog trains were used as conveyances.
The First]Postoffice
In the county was "Duncan" postoffice, located at Cheboygan, ill 1846.
R. McLeod was the first postmaster.
The First Ship Carpenter
Was John Vincent. who came here on or about October 20th, 1846. He
built the first sailing vessel in Cheboygan, in 1847. He is still in the business here.
The First Child Born
In the county and village was Martha Jane, daughter of Jacob and Chloe
Sammcns, February 8th, 1847.




32           CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF
The first child born on Mullet Lake was the daughter of Medard arid
Rosalie Metivier, June 24th, 1852. She is now Mrs. Mathias Kcsseler.
The First Store
Was built on the site of the present water mill, by McLeod & Smith, in
1847,
The First Vessel Built in Cheboygan,
The first vessel of any kind built here was a sloop-rigged scow, called
at that time the "Elizabeth," constructed In 1847, by John Vincent, for
Alex. McLeod & Co., for use in constructing the dam up near the water
mill, and was afterward purchased by Capt. H. F. Todd, and refitted into
a craft to sail on the lakes.
The next was a schooner-built scow, named the "D. R. Holt," length
eighty-four feet keel, twenty-two and one-half feet beam, and six feet hold,
constructed in 1848, also by John Vincent, for A. R. McLeod & Co. Its
first cargo was twenty-eight cords of stone from Cheneaux for Waugoshance light house.
The First Steam      Lumber Mill,
The first lumber mill was a steam saw mill, built in the winter of 1847
and 48, by Jacob Sammons and Peter McKinley, at the mouth of the river.
an the west side, below where Humphrey's dock is now situated. It had
two upright saws, capable of ultting from eight to twelve thousand feet
of lumber in twenty-four hours. It was kept in running order for only a
few years and then allowed to go into decay. It is, however, yet standing.
The First Steamer
Touching at Duncanu as the "General Scott," in 1847. It brought a yoke
of oxen from St, Helena island. They were thrown overboard there and
swam ashore.




CH EBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


33


The First Blacksmith Shop.
There was a blacksmith shop opened in 1845, by two men named Ring
and Marble, who remained here but a short time  One of these men,
Ring, and perhaps both, were engaged in the nefarious business of manufacturing counterfeit coin, ten and fifty cent pieces. Mr. Medard Meti
vier saw the apparatus they used when discovered. They did not stay
very long, but left for parts unknown.
Peter La Belle was the first blacksmith who worked at this branch of
industry in the county, in 1848. His shop was owned by Alexander McLeod, and stood on the west side of Main street below Third street, near
the corner. It was afterwards torn down.
The First School House
Was built in 1848, on M. W. Horne's land, on the site where now stands
the house on the northeast corner of Main and Pine street.
The first school held there was a pay school which numbered twelve
scholars, and was taught by Miss Harriet McLeod.'
The Indian Cemetery
At Indian Village is located opposite the Roman Catholic church, in section 29, town 36 north, of range 3 west. It was purchased January 3d,
1849, and deeded to the Governor of the State of Michigan, in trust for
the Indians, of whom Kee-shago-way is chief. It includes one hundred
and sixty-nine and 60-100 acres.
The Mills at Duncan Bay
Have a varied history, which is substantially as follows: In the year
1849 or 50, J. W. Duncan & Co. purchased a controlling interest in the
property, which at that time was only the docks and land, formerly owned by R. McLeod, and in the year 1851 they commenced, and in 1858 completed the large mill as it stood in 1871. In 1854 Mr. Duncan died, leaving
his brother as the sole executor of his estate. In 1856 the business of the




34


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


company was forcibly suspended by this brother, and during the succeeding nine years the property was idle. but in 1865 J. W. Swan, J. B. McArthur, Lucius Southwick and John F. McDonald bought of Walter
Crane, of Detroit, the receiver of the estate of J. W. Duncan the whole
property. In 1866 Messrs. Baker, Thompson and Patterson bought of
this last mentioned firm the Bay property and this was the origin of the
"Bay Company" proper. In March, 1868, Thompson & Patterson sold
out their interest to Mears, Bates & Co., of Chicago, who built the little
mill, and they to Thompson Smith. In 1'871 or 72 Messrs. Baker and
Smith divided the property, Mr. Smith retaining the mills and dock property, and Mr. Baker having the lands of the company, on the west part.
consisting of Cheboygan village lots.
Thompson Smith has been making additional improvements to the mills
and surrounding property. The mills have a capacity of manufacturing
twenty millions of feet of lumber annually.
The First Brick Yard
In Cheboygan county was owned and carried on by Joseph Young, in
1849. It was located opposite H. Brannock's house, on the east side of
river.
The First Arrest
Was in the winter of 1849. Wm. Buchan was arrested by J. B. Spencer,
Sheriff of Mackinac county, for striking Mr. Jucket. He was taken to
Mackinac Island, before a Justice of the Peace, and upon giving bonds to
keep the peace for one year he was released.
The First Bridge
Across the river was built in 1850, below the dam,by Messrs. Duncan and
McLeod.
The First Fire
That occurred in the county was a one and a half story dwelling which




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


35


belonged to and was occupied by Cyril and Stanislaus Legault and family,
situated on the east side of Cheboygan river, one mile above the site of
the present water mill, which was burned down in May, 1850  Loss
about $700, destroy ing everything.
The First Marriage
In the county and village was Alexander McLeod, Esq., to Miss Catherine Barron, in August, 1850, by Jacob Sammons, Justice of the Peace, in
the log house of John Vincent, located then on Main street, nearly opposite where Nelson &cBullen's store now stands.
Doubtless the next marriage that occurred was that of Hiram L. Burr.
to Miss Martha Dodge, in the same year or not long after. The "ceremonies" were held in the "Globe" boarding house, conducted by Alex. McLeod, Justice of Peace, who asked the couple "if they wanted to get married real bad?" They replied that they did.  "Then," said "His Honor,"
"I pronounce you man and wife," and that was about all there was of the
"ceremony."
The First Village Street
Through the village was Main street, which was laid out in the year 1850.
The road prior to this time ran near the river, about where the Benton
House, Fountain House, M. W. Horne's residence, and Bullen & Nelson's
store now are, and thence to the water mill.
The Docks at Duncan Bay
Were constructed and owned by A. and R. McLeod, in 1850. They are
now owned by Thompson Smith.
The First Person Drowned
Was a young man named ---    Garrotha, in 1850. He was in a boat on
the upper side of and near the dam, and fearful of the boat going over




36


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


tile dam he jumped out in the water, and was carried over by the current
and drowned.
In the following summer (1851) Donald McDoughal, a highland Scotchman, who lived about two miles above what is now known as Dodge's
Point, and had a lumber camp there in the winter of 1850 and 51, where
H. N. Ball afterward settled, was drowned. He had gone to the village
with a jug for whisky, and it is supposed that he fell out of his boat
while returning home, in a state of intoxication.
"How oft wejhear of some poor wreck, whose feet
In the fell drunkard's path too oft hath trod,
Who seized by death's unfeeling dart,
Was hurried, drunk, before the throne of God!"
The Removal of the First School HIouse,
Built in the county, was in 1851, to the southwest corner of Main and
Division streets. School was held there for some years before its removal elsewhere.
An Additional Proprietor of McLeod's Mill,
and Changes Therein.
lu 1851 Jeremiah W. Duncan, of Chicago, in company with Alfred
and Jeremiah Woolston, and principally on capital furnished by these
gentlemen, bought of R. McLeod a controlling interest in his mill property, near the site of the present water mill. He changed the upright
saws of the mill into Mulay saws, and added a siding mill to the main
building, on the side next the river.
The First Steamboat Touching at Cheboygan
Was the "Stockman," in 1851. About the same time it brought over a
pleasure party from Mackinac Island and landed at Duncan.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                     37
The First Steamboat
That entered the Cheboygan river was the "Columbia," Capt. Pratt, in
1851. It r:ln fromn Sault Ste Marie to Green Bay. It brought three cows,
one for M. W. Horne and two for M. Metivier. These were the first cows
in the county.
The First Hotel
In Cheboygan was kept by Oliver Paquette, in the year 1851. The building
then stood on Main street, just above Ephraim Nelson's store. It now
stands opposite the court house. and is occupied by F. M. Sammons.
Some two years or more before this, Messrs. A. and R. McLeod put up
a boarding house for the hands working in their saw mill, and as travelers also stopped there it was given the name of the "Globe House," by
which name it was generally knowu. It is still used as a boarding house
for the hands working for the water mill company.
The First Light House
Was the Cheboygan Light. located on the mainland, in the township of
Duncan, about one and a half 'iiles from Duncan City, and oppos'te to the
south point of Bois Blanc island, and from Old Fort Mackinac on the mainland northwest by west 4 west sixteen and three-quarters miles. Latitude north 45 dog.. 40 min., 09 sec., longitude west 84 deg., 24 min., 36
sec., and marks the east entrance into the south channel of the straits of
Mackinac, which at this point is three miles wide. It was constructed
in 1851, by Messrs. Rhodes and Warner, of Ohio. under the superintendence of Capt. Shook, of the U. S. engineers.
It was a brick, round tower, with spiral stairs, resting on stone
foundation, separate fiom the dwelling.  Height about forty feet from
the foundation. Wm. Drew was the first keeper.
On account of water washing away the foundation and rendering the
house unsafe, it was taken down and the present one was constructed.




38


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


The First Wheat
Sown in the county was Nov. 2d. 1851. Horatio Nelson Bi1ll sowed
wheat sent by J. W. Duiiclan, of Chicago.on o ne 0   and a qurter acres of land,
about twelve miles from Cheboygan. The stiumps were on the land, and
a previous potato crop had been taken off it. The grain was reaped in
the following season. and measured fifty one bushels and( one peck. and
was sold to J. W. Duncan,
IMrs. Ball made the first cheese, in 1849 or 50.
The Tramway to Duncan Bay.
In 1852 there was a road cut for a tramway in a direct line from the
water mill, near the d(lm, to Duncan bay. J. W. Durcan sent a number
of Swedes trom Chicago to work on the road. They brought the ship
lever with them, and quite a number of them die(l.,The Old Lumber Road
Was the origin in 1852 of the Upper Black river road. which runs westward in front of the court house and jail.
The road to Duncan bay from the village was opened and used in
1852.
The First Roman Catholic Services
Were held in 1852. by Rev. A. D. J. Piret, who said mass in the house
owned by Chas. Bellant, which stood then where it does now, on the
southwest corner of Third and Water streets, lirectly opposite the Benton House.
After this time Rev. Angelles Van Pamel, an indian missionary, came
over regularly from Little Traverse village. Once he was accompanied
by Rev. Bishop Le Fevre, of Detroit, and an Indian chief and twenty
other Indians from Little Traverse, at which time he said mass and baptized several children in the house of Philip O'Brien, on the farm owned
then and now by Peter McDonald.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


39


The First Shoemaker
Was James Triggs, ill 1852. His sho1) was onl the river shlore, nearly
),p)lOSite where Mr. Horle's house now stand(s.
The First Sermon
Ever delivered il this connty was il the year 1853, by J. L..Stralitg, liaIKing Str;ing,' a Mormon preacher, living alt Beaver island, over in the
straits. TIe held his so-called religio(us services in the only school ho:use
thenl in the county. This Strallg was fatally wounded some time after
by pistol or gull shots fired by a couple of his former adherellts  1-le
was, taken to Wisconsin, and shortly after died.
The First Wharf Constructed
Was built in 1855. by Jacob Samnmons and Lorenzo VWheelock, for Medard Metivier. It is situated on the river above First street. It has been
repaired sitie it.s cons'trllction, an1(1 is now owned\ I)V A. P..Ne wt\O,.
The First United States Land Office
For this region prior to the organization of this counllty was the (:Genesee
D)istrict Land Office, and was located at Flint, Mich.  In 1855 it wvas
trallsferret( to Dtnlcanl.  ll the winter of 1857 land 58 the office, comp)risinlg the books, papers anll fire-proof sale were conveyed on a sleiogh
to Mackinac island by Medard Metivier. From thence the office was
som     e time after removed to Traverse City, w\here it is now locatedt. ald.has the name of the "Grand Traverse District Land Office."  Seth C.
Moftiat, Register, and Perry Hannah, Receiver.
Chas, Bellant's Residence,
On the Mackinac City road, one mile and a half west of the village, is a
frame building, erected in 1856, dimensions as follows: The main part is
24x38 feet, with a basement and two stories above, an L, 18x22, with a




40


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


basement and two stories above, and anl L, 14x18, one story.  It cost
$4,500. It is a sulperior residelelc.
An Incident of Early Legal Qualifications.
James S. Douglass, the first Circuit Court Commissioner, was admitted
to the bar il a somewihat different man;aer in those early days from the
course now taken. It was necessary in order to carry on the business of
tie Circuit Court ill 1857 thlt a Commissionerlbe:Ippointed.  So Judgc
B. F. H. Witherill asked Mr. Douglass. the man reg'arded as being the
most eligible, whether he had studied law, had read Blackstone or Kelt?
He replied, "No." The Judge handed him a copy of Blickstone and a
pair of greell spectacles, and told him to read it at once. After perusing
its pages a few minutes to become posted:as best he could upon the
loints of the law of which it was neressary he should be informed. the
Judge asked him a few questions, and he was almitted to the bar and
appointed to the office of Circuit Court Commissioner.
The First Court Session
Was held in the United States Lanl Office in Duncan. July 22d, 185f.
presilded over by Judge Samuel F D)olla;ss, of the Circuit Colurt.
The First Roman Catholic Church
Was a chapel erected in 1856, near Peter McDonald's. by Rev. Patrick
Murray, resident priest iat Mackinac istlld, wvho occasionally officiated
here, and was conveyed to and fro by Medard Metivier. T''le ch:pel is
yet standing, but not in use.
The First Roman C:tatholic Cemetery
Was laid out il 1856, adjoining the Roman Catholic chapel, near Peter
McDonald's farm.
The First Jail
II a id for Cheboygafi county was In the second story of Bela Chap



CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


41


manl's house, where also courIt was Ield after its remov tl from Dunieain,
in 1856. The house is the present residence of Charles Brannock, near
the corner of Mai street and Black river road.
The Present County Jail
Was built in 1858. by ILI N. Stevenson. It is coustructed of solid timI)er twelve ilches square. Its detliniisios are 20x24 feet, one story high.
It' is located in lhe (Court -touse yard. on the old Black river road.
The Present Light House.
Cheboygan Light, No. 592, of the list of United States Lights for 1876,
was built in 1859, on the site of the former one. which was taken down
being considered unsafe. It is a fixed white light of the fifth order of
lens, varied by white flashes, one minute.and a half between them.
It is visible twelve statute miles distant. rhe tower is on the keeper's
dwelling, which rests on a stone foundation. The tower is thirty-three
feet high from the base to the focal plane.  The light itself is thirtyseven feet above the level ot the lake. The arc illujninaled is s. w. 4
w. b. n'd to e. / s. The first keeper of this house was Geor'e Lavine.
The presenit onel is J. S. Riggs. This is the only oile in the county.
The First Church Bell
Hung and used in the county was brought here by Rev. Patrick Murray,
in 1859, and put up on posts in front of the Roman Catholic chapel, near
Peter McDonald's place. It is now used at St. Mary's church in Cheboygan.
The First G-rist Mill
In the county was built by ---- Campbell, who came here at an early
day, and was in the employ of the American Fur company.  It afterwards fell into the hands of Michael Douseman, who resided at the time
on Mackinac island.. The mill was located on the south shore, east




;42


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


fromn old Mackinallw, o lDousemrans ci eek.  It ceased runllin inl (839,
The ruins yet remain.
'The next mill, 1and1 the first after settlemenlt -n tle counlty betgai. w\:
one erectedl by Wim. Myers. near the water millill in 1860. lIe obtainedt
thle stones, which were French bnrr, from Douseman's creek, where tlhe
had lain some time after Dousemall's mill ltad gone into ruin, and
placed them in this mill, and used them there about five years, when he
took them to his present mill in the township of Grant. where they are
rtill running.
The First Sabbath School
WTas organized in 1860, in the first school house in the county, (the pries
ent kitchen of tlhe Hetheringto!n House) undler the superintendence of
Mrs. A. D. Farmer.
The First Protestant Services
vWere held in 1860, in the first school house built in the county, conducted 1by Rev. Allion Morton. a Methodist Episcopal minister from Wiscollnin.
The Old Wharf out in the Lake,
At the month of the river, wa< constructed in 1861, by F. M. Samimonls
H F. Toddl and GOo. eStevelnson, contractors. for Hlarrison Averill. Some
time after, one midnight, a part of it floated off while full of woodl, with
Mr. Stevenson on it. and thus he became captain by the l-eeessities ot
the case, though dloubtless le had no certificate as suchl.  He soon (liscovered a boat attached to his "ark," so he took it and made for tlie
shore, and waked up the people who went out and saved most of the
wood. The remains landed at Duncan. The dock was rebuilt in 1863.
by F. M. Sammons, and made somewhat larger.  In the spling of 1676
it followed the example of its predecessor, floated off and went ashore at




('U?1FJBOYGAN COUNTY AND V'ILLAGE.   4


43


Di1u1ncan. it atterwnirds Xwent to piece'-. A part, ot' the roof is used as a
roof, for 1.i sliuall dlwelluini houIse ne'ai the 1 iver.
The Present Draw Br3xidgye
% )i Thfird street was buillt iii 1862. by)N.. F. W~at-,~ou aud F. AL Sainimons.
It is uiow in ch,]arge ot Peter BeI ant.
The iRernoval of the First S chool Hous,;e,
Thle liast sehoofliousedbiflt in the couinty Nva~ moved] ill 18650 fr-om its
lormer pla ce to its present, loeatiou, at the rear and formiug- the ]kitchen
part, alijoiningc the LI-etheriingtou House. corner of Mlain,aud Piuestreets.
The-, First Shingle Mill
NI the conuty wa's, budlt by McArthutir, Smnith -& CJo., in. 1866.  It was
atterwards transformed into a flonritig mill, and is now ruliming assuh
The United States-, lRevenue Service.
Pot t. ot ci) try was est ahlislied at l)ui Wa11 ill ii1866. 1,  act of Cottirvie,'
Jpa.sed l Juine 20t~h, 1866). Xwitlh Levi CAlapinaui as Dcj)l II  oliceto".
The Firs ---t Millinery, Store
Was Openied by Mrs. A. ~J RoWers. ill M:IX; 1867, on Main stre(et. below)\N
Second.
The First Tug to Enter Cheboygan sRiver
Was the Frank C. Ferro. owned by Ch~arles Bellan t, Ca,4ptain Clark,
Zatchariah Lawvrence, engineer, in the year 1867.  ft. carriedl passtienger
as X\'ell as to wetl vessels. It Xwas the first boat to go above the locks, to
Varce & Barker's; mill. iii 1870, andl then returned. It wasi,- the first tlog
belongping, to a resideint of thias county.




44                 CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF
The First Physician
Wtas Dr. Arthur M. Gerow, atgraduate of Buffalo Medical College. New
York, who came here February 26th, 1868. and opeled anl oflice in the
old Samimons block, corner of Main and Third streets.
The First Jewelry Store
Was opened by A. Fexer, in May, 1868, at his present place of business,
on Main street.
The First Harness Shop
Was opened by H. Tuttle. in 1871, on Third street.
The First Tailor
Who commenced business here was August Rosenblad, in 1868, on Main
street.
The First Methodist Episcopal Church
Was organized in 1868, with seventeen members, Rev. W. Riley, pastor.
in which year the church edifice was commenced. In September, 1872,
it was completed and dedicated, uilder the palstorate of Rev. A. J.
Wheeler. It is a frame structure, cost $4,300, 45x60 feet, seating capacity
about 300, location southwest corner of Huron and Pine streets.
Present pastor, Rev. W. H. Ware; present membership, twenty-seven.
The First Meat Market
Was opened in 1868, by Peter Spooner, on Main street.
The Present Large Water Lumber Mill
Of Messrs. McArthur, Smith & Co. was built in 1868.  It has a capacity
of about 75,000 feet per day.




C HEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                     45
The First Steamboat Connection.
The first ste mnboat connectionl made reiglarly with Cheboygan was
the side-wheel steamer Marine City, ill 1869; Johnl Robinsoll, Captaill:
James Reed, engineer; C. A. Chamberlin, clerk, and Alt Welfan'e.
-teward. It sailcd theml as at present between Cleveland, Detroit and
Mackinac island, touching here each way.  It still contillnes its trilps
with with the followinlg olficers: Anglus Keith, captain; Robert MeClure, englineer'.John Porteous, clerk; John MeKinlockl steward.
The First Attorneys at Law,
Who commen.eed to practice in this county were Daniel R. Joslin. Esq..
who came here in April, George W. Bell, Esq, on May 1st, and Watts S.
Humphrey, Esq., onl M.ay 7th, 1869, D. R Joslin, Esq., had his office ill
the seclond story of C. Stevensonl's house. ol Mlain street.  Messrs. Bell
and Humphrey had their first oll;ces in Sammons' block, corner Main
and Third streets.
The First Stationery Store
Was opened tby U.. A. Brace, in May, 1869. on Main street.
The First Painter
To open a shol) atl follow thle business was (iairles F. Southlom, in June.
1869, on Main Street.
The First Barber Shop
Was opened in the spring of 1869, by M. J. Kesseler. on the secotnd floor
of Sammons' block. Main street.
The First Drug and Medicine Store
Was o1 eiied by Messrs F. M. Sammons and A. M. Gerow, M. D., in July,
1869. in Sammons' block.




46                CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF
The First Sidewalk and Board Fence
Was constructed in the summer of 1869, by NV. W. Strohn. in frolnt of his
house, on the northwest corner of \Iain and Division streets, beinig a strip:lontl MSain streew of eightly-eight feet in lentLh.
The First Photographic Artists
Who opened rooms in the viliag(e of Cheboygan were Messrs. Davis &
Farmer, in 1869. on Main street.
The "Cheboygan Slack Water Navigation Company"
Was organized by virtue of an act of Legislature, passed March 25th, 1867
They began   the construction  of their works in 1868, and completed them in 1869. They consist of a canal eighteen feet wide and
eighty feet long. with a lift of rine feet. The tolls of the first year of its
operation were $1,500. Last year's tolls were $3,500. This is a valuable
improvement to the county.
McArthur, Smith &       Co.'s Grist Mill.
Iu 1869 the water mill company altered their former shingle mill into
the present grist mill. It has a caipacity of grinding two hund(red and
fifty bushels of wheat, and six hundred bushels of coarse feed per (lay.
The First Court House
Is the present one, located on the old Black river road, west of Main
street. It was built in 1869, by J. F. Watson.  Its size is 28x55 feet,
frame, two stories, with offices below and court room above.
The First Fruit and Confectionery Store
Was opened in May, 1870, by H. J. A. Todd, on Main street.
The Road to Duncan Straightened.
In 1870 the road from Cheboygan to Duncan bay, first cut through and
used in 1858, was straightened.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                     47
The First Tug to Enter Mullet Lake
Was the Hittie D. Hoyt, il 1870.
The First Tug to Enter Burt Lake
Was the Bismarck, Capt. H. F. Todd, in November, 1870.
The Name of Duncan Postoffice
Was changed in 1870 to Cheboygan. C. A. Brace was then and is now
the postmaster.
The Harbor Improvements,
To enable steamers and vessels navigating the lakes, to approach the
village t lhrol.r Cheboygan river, were behan in 1870, in accordance
with acts of Congress alil appropriations made for the same.  In June,
1870, the survey was made by General Cram, and the dredging was
commienced under the stlperinlteii'aice of Roys J. Cram.
The present ilspeerorl is Col. R. C. Duryea. U. S. engineer corps; Gen.
Weitzel, U. S. A., in charge of harbor improvements in the department
of the northwest.
There is at present a lepth of thirteen feet of water ill the channel, and
a width of one hundred and thirty-five feet; proposed width 200 feet;
The First Newspaper
Published in the county was the Manitawaba Chronicle, published
weekly, in Cheboygan, in 1871, by Dr. W. P. Maiden. Mr. Thos. Bentley,
now of the Free Press, was the printer. It was a sheet 12x18 inches. There
were issued only twelve inumbers, when it ceased. Mr. Bentley has a
complete file of the paper. The press upon which it was printed is now
in possession of C. A. Brace, postmaster.
The First Planing Mill
Was built in 1871, by Messrs. Kemp & Long.  It was located on Main,




"d 7
123


4~         ~CENTESNNIAL IlfgTORY OF~


near Pine street. It was bnrnccl lown May 2~3i, 1876, andT wlas then eown
ed by Mr. Kemp,
The Cheboygan Lodge No. 283, F. & A. Masons
Was organized in 1871, with thirteen ch-iarter memnbers, viz:- W~m. IL,
flnnker, Wmn. H1. Elan iiigan. John McKay, Ward B. McArthur, James N,
Riley, Win. Downing, E. G. Sovereigni, Jasper J. Baiker. Win. Devine,
Sinith Bockus, George W. Bell, Heniry A. Blhake,-Rii htrd Downs.
The hall was consecrated] and the ofllers dJuly instlalled F14ebruary 22d,
1S71, by Past Master Paul R. Woodard.
Tfhe first officers were as follow,-A:
IV. M.-.Wm. II1. Bunker.         S. W.-W. H. Flatunigan.
J. W.-W. S. 1Iumphrey,           Secretary-G. WV. Bell
Treasurer-.W. B. McArthur.       S. D. —E. -Nelson.
J. D.-W. Devine.                 'rYler-C. F. Southoun.
Stewards-&S Bockus, Jas. N. Riley. Chaplain-A. M. Gerowv.
PRESENT OFFICERS.
WV. M.-Geor~ge W. Bell.           S. W.-Luke Ruddoek.
J. W.-Geo. P. Iluinphrey.         Seeretary-Joshtvt P. Suttoit
Treasurer-W. B. McArthur.         S. D.-Luke Cross.
3. D.-Chas. F. Southomn.         Tyler-Sehnyler Farrell.
Stewvards-Jas. Leavitt, W. W. Strolin. Chaplain-Vacan cy.
The Village Sidewalks
Were directed to be laid by village ordinance paesse Jnne 17th, 1871.
A. P. Newton's Residence,
Situated on Dresser!street. below Division street, wvas buillt in 1871, of
one handred thousand brick; dimensIons, 38x63;- two stories high; cost
$8,500. It is a handsome residence, and an ornament to the village.
Ward B3. McArthur's Residence,
On Main street, In the upper part of the village, is a frame building,
which was erected in 1871; dimensions, 38x42; -cost $5,500. While there
Is nothing specially attractive, architecturally considered, in its exterior




CHEl~BOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.  I


-49


ii~yet it, is tIlweIv t~jj-itsl Al it its" hntl-i~l' appuiiijtn~ents_. itidicathi —a fine taste for thre neat antid leatttifuil.
The ~Mackinaw City Postoffice
~17as locate(I it Old Maukiuiaw. in July, 1871. Lewiks J. Willets was the
hei( ust pustniast e. Tfhe jsr-seut po(stillast-er is L. J1. Willets.
The Mullet Lake Postoffice.
1,as Itted a-t IDodge'S Poinlt, Oil MuLllet laike,!in July 1.871. Edwiu A.
1)odge 'wts the 114s p)ostmaster.  The prcens44t postmaster is Alvin Ill.
D7odge
The First Dentist
Was A. L. Cu rtis, who came here and( praeticed dentistry ill 187L
The First Hardware Store
'Wa.s opuened by\ J. F. Hi;l, tit May-I, 1.872. at his prcsent platce of btisitiess.
Ie~ant I s bl Ioc k, '1l ti (I -st re et.
The Congregational Church,
Of (ilueboyvgan. w'.as organized July 28th 1872, with twenlty mnembers.
R1ev. J. L. Mutle, ptastor.
On November 8th, 1874. 0te church edifice was completed].    it is a
frame structure., 3(ixti)O, having a, seatingr capacity of 350, valued at $4.500. Loc'ltion' Cornier of 1hur1on and -N el son)i streets.  Present pastor,
Rev. R. M. Thomnp-;on; present mnembership1 about rorty persons.
The First Telegram
Sent from the office of the Western  Union company at this place Was
transimitted Augusu 17th, 1872, to Troy, New Yoik.  It was as follows:
CIIEB., Mich, Aug. 1.7th, 1872.
"To W. & L. E. G urley, Troy. N. Y.:




'0             CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF
"Please send at once one best Minor's compass, dipping needle (per
express, C. 0. D.)
(Signed)                    "ROYS J. CRKAM."
Paid. $2 40.
The above namedl party said he wanrJted to send the first mess.agee",
W. Farr was then and is now the operator.
Rev. Chas. L. DeCeuninck's Residence,
On Third street, east side of the river, was built in 1872. It is a twostory fiame structAure, 40x40; back building 20x30, one story.  It has a
very tasty appearance. being built with verandas on tlhe south, east and
wvest sides to hoth the first and second stories.  It cost $8.000. 'The
grounds adjoining are neatly laid out, occulpying one block, and adornled
with a great variety of fruit trees, some five hundred in number; also
hundreds of evergreen trees and beautiful flowers.
The Stage Mail Route to Graylord.
During the winter months, only, of 1872 and 73, a mail route was established from  (heboygan to Gaylord, mnlillng trips twice a week.
It was owned by Messrs. Abbott and Littlefield.
The First Foundry.
Operations were c )mmelic(il in Cheboyga.i, in 1873, by Messrs. Perry
& Watson, at their present pl;ice of business. on Main street, above Pine
street 'The first article produced was a forty-horse power elngitne.
The First Furniture Store
Was opened by Curtis Abel, in 1873. on Main street.
Thos. A. Perrin, M. D.,
Graduate of the State University, Anti Arbor, Mich., though residing
here previously, commenced the practice of medicine here il the spring
of 1873.




fUBH1EBDYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE..,i


McLeod's Lumber Mill.
In 1873 the lumber mill built by A. & R. McLeod, but then owned by
McArthur, Smith & Co.. was burned down.
The First Livery Stable
Mras opened in 1873, and kept by Messrs. Palmer & Kephart.
The First Flour and Feed Store
Wa:ls )elle(l by George P. Langdon, in Jtine. 1873. at his present place
of business, on Main street.
The'Present Union School House.
The present union school house was built in 1873, by J. B. Conchois,
It is c,istructed ot brick; dimensions, 48x66; cost, $10,000; location,
Pine street. west of Huron street. Tt.,e flist corps of teachers therein
were as follows: Principal-Prof. 0. B. Weed; Intermediate Department-Miss M. Morey; Primary Dep:rtment-Mrs. Borredell Buck.
The first School Board were Messrs. J. P. Sutton, J. Long, A. M.
Gcrow. J.lW. Linderman, LH. A. Blake and P. M. Sammons.
The first session held there was in August. 1873.
The present corps ot teachers are as follows: Priincipal-O. B. Weed;
Ilterlmediate Department-B.,J. Vanderbilt; Primary DepartmentMrs. Borredell Buck.
The present School Board are, M. W. Horne —Moderator; A. P. Newton-Assessor; Thomas A. Perrin-Director;. H. H. Kezar, Jacob Post,
A. M. Gerow.
Abstract from the Statistical Report
Of A. M. Gerow, Cheboygan County School Superintendent, for the
school year ending September 7th, 1874. See report of Superintendent
of Public Instruction, Mich., pages 75 and 76.
No. of townships  in  the  county.............................  6




52


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


iNo,. of o-rgai izedl 1ihol (1istricts                             14
No. of iiiha-bithitts by tecenlsus of 184*                     3,1 7
No. of childreni bet \Veeni 5 an i 2() ve~is, lby sch(.Iool eCcIisiis of 184. 91t
\V hole NO. Of CiiHieldri tha~tat "tenlded schiool durni u thle year.
per abstract, of' Selwoo iiispector's rep)ort for 1874.......  51)
AIozsesscd valtuationl of real anid p~er,~oiia  es-tate, fort 1873. $4,50,O000
Estimated va-luie of school propeintv for 1874. bddhoins ail(1
~No. of' public schjool bujildiings, ini the couiity.
Cheboygan and EMMet 'County Inland L-ake
and River Navigration Improvement.
The importan1ce of openuig~ na:Vigr lionj iit)() Rur  ike has: b~elit felt for
In April, 1874, Mr. Frank Ml. Satinmons conceived the idea of earryiiigr
the ma(-il through Chieboyga-n river. lindiaii river and BUr-t Lake, to a point.
in Crooked river. iiear the.'state road.  lIn Septemuber of thiat year hle
wenlt Ul) to thle mnouth of Indiani river, with a spxan of hor-ses and four
lineii, (twvo whites ainiii two I idiatis) and plmitglied a11(1d sur'pedi thre ba-r
going iiito  u irt lake, wvorking. ini water- at places fr-om  s.xtcei) indies to
Iin cc ee~t deer). it i d mi'ade:i chlat citb rug  whiieli thle tie. Mai'Ld Sam11 -iiii0iis ieissed0 inito Burt lake, carryinig su~pplies for lumbcIIrI cap.Fiii(!biig the enterprise of convey-ing the minii throuigh this route too much-e
to accomplish Si ngle-haiiided, hie suggestedI to Win. MeArth ii r thle
aidvisb ttyo    atemptingr hdald navigatioti on a broader scale.  As, a
result of this   stuggestion, Messr-s. MleArthuir, Smith &t Clo. auld
Thompsoni Smith decided in 1874 to-.make an aittempt to secure it.
Trheyvexpenided laibor at th~e entr-anicof Burthiake inforuming. the piers
to the amount of about $3,500. Thetinnder-t-(king bein~gfounid rathier too
large for private meatiis, nio work was done ii 1875. This project eulmitiated finally in August, 1875, hi the idea of' securing the aid of thle state,
by means of appropriation of swvamp lands. Through the persistemit e nergy of the Northern Tribtuie sev-eral lpublic meetings of' the citizens
were held, at which measures were adopted resulting ini a preliminary
survey being made and a delegation going to Lansing. who laid the mat



CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                    53
ter betore the Bo;lrd of Control ot st;ste swalmp lands. A survey was
ordlered b the $    o:le   ar in Octber. 1875. It  December the Board
nmade aln appropritoion of $20,000 in sw\amp lands to do the work. Conltracts for d(oing the work w"ere let ill Feb)rarly 1876. to F. M. Samllmons
David Smith and 0. B. Greenl, The route opeled for navigation is
between Lake H1uron, at Cl(,heboygai through Cheboygan river, Mullet
lake, Indian river, Burt lake, Crooked iver and Crooked lake, making
1i distance (f aboult ortv-five miles. The depth of waler to be obtained
is five and a half feet into Burit lake and five feet into Crooked lake. Active
operations were commenced on the work June 25th, 1876. Wm. Chandler,
Esq., was appointed Local Commissioner, (1nd the work is rapidly progressing toward completion under his supervision.
Watts S. Humphrey, Esq., recently there practicing as a disciple of
Ike W:lton, has kindly rirnished the following informa'tionl as to the
progress of the work tip to date of September 6th, 1876: 'IThe dredging
at the head of Indiani river was completel on Tulesday last, Sept, 6th.
The pile driver, with a raft in tow loaded with about 27,000 feet of lumber and timber, besides a quantity of nails, iron. &e., for constructing the
piers, reached Crooked lake on Saturday nlight, and the first pile was
driven on Monday morning at 7 o',lock. The piles go through about
eight feet of marl and tlhen strike illto good htard bottom., making a
splendid foundation.
"The little tug run by Capt. Andrevws, and formerly belongilng to Petoskey, nmade her first tlhrotl gh trip friom the head of Crooked lake to
Cheboygan. starting from the head of Crooked lake at nine o'clock in
the morning, atnd making several stops on the way. she arrived at Johtl
F. McDonald's at half-past seven in the evening. She brougltht with her
quite a number of passengers from Petoskey, among whom  were three
gentlemen from Milwaukee, prospecting and looking over the country
with a view to locate somewhere in the vicinity.  A photographer was
also among the passengers, sent up in the interests ot the Grand Rapids
& Indiana railroad, to take views of the lakes and rivers through which
the route passes. This tug can make the trip from the head of Crooked
lake to Indian river in three hours. The Minnie Sutton has run from




54


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


the latter named place to Cheboygan inl the Iight in two hours and
twelve minutes.  When the route is completed the Minlie Sutton can
make the round trip in eleven hours."
It is expected that the iml)rovement will be compil *ted si)metin e this
se:aSOll.
To Mrl. (Chandler great credit is due for pushing this important matter
to sichl  a successful issue.
The parties concerned in the operations are as follows: W. Chandler.
the Local Commissioner in charge of the works; 0. B. Greeln of Chic igo, contractor tor drfedging throughout; George J. Dorr, his agent,
superintllnding it, alnd doing th! work liberally, exceeding the depth the
contract calls tor; F. M. Sammolns has the contract for the piling and
gravel work. He hlas the contract also for removing the obstrl ctiolns in
the rivers on the route. David Smith h.is the contract for the timber or
carpenter work; Col. R. C. Duryea is the engitneer in charge.
The First Brick Store
Is owned by Porter M. Lathrop. It is sitlate:l oni MaNin street. It was
completed in 1874. at a cost of $8,000; size, 20x90; built of 128,000
brick. It is a valuable feature of Main street.
The Change of the Mail Route
From Gaylord to Petoskey was made inl 1874. There are now three
trips each way a week  David Smith is the proprietor.
The Riggsville Methodist Episcopal Church,
Situated in what is known as the Riggs settlement, eight miles from
Cheboygan, on the state road, in the town of Inverness, sec. 19,
t. 37 n., range 2 west, was began in 1873, and finished in 1874. It is a
frame building, 20x30 feet, seating capacity one hundred.  Valued at
$500. The first pastor was Rev. James Durham. In 1875 it was temporarily attached to the Cheboygan Methodist Episcopal charge.  Present membership twelve.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


55


The Cheboygan and Little Traverse Bay
State Road
Was authorized by act of Legislature in 1871.  This road rluns from
Cheboygan village to Little Traverse village.  It was begun in the
autumn of 1872, and was completed in the autumn of 1874. Its construction was under the direction of John McKay, Lcdll Commissioner. Cost, $26,600.
The Pine Hill Cemetery,
For the town of Benton, was established by resolution of the Board of
Health, passed April 28th, 1874. It includes seven acres, and is located
on the south side of the Upper Black river road, 'in the town of Beaugrand, sec. 36, town 38 north, range 2 west. It was surveyed by J. McDonald, County Surveyor. It is graded, fenced, and in a fair condition
of improvement.
The Calvary Roman Catholic Cemetery
Is situated in the town of Duncan, on the Alpena state road, one and a
half miles from the village. It was laid out and opened in 1874, when
those formerly interred in the cemetery adljoining Peter McDonald's
farm were removed to this one.
The Northern Tribune
Commenced its publication by the issue of the first number July 17th,
1875. Wm. Chandler is the editor and proprietor. In politics it is Republican. The office is on the corner of Main and Division street.
The Hemlock Extract Factory
Is situated on Mullet lake, about seven miles from Cheboygan.  It was
formerly owned by Newton, Ellis & Buckingham. It was built in 1873,
burned down in July, 1875, and rebuilt in May, 1876. It is now owned




C6 C               TENNI'IL HISTORY OF
by Messrs. Newton, Ellis & Co. Capital invested. $40,000; capacity,
nine hundred tons of extract per annum.
The Present Photograph Gallery
Was open in the summer of 1875, by Mr. C. A. Watson, on Main street,
near Division street.
Among the amusing incidents which occur in photographic gallaries
are the following: A young man came into the rooms of Mr. Watson to
have "his picture taken." While the artist was in the dark closet preparing the plate the yonng gent thought he would dress his hair with
some fluid in a bottle, which he supposed was hail oil, which he did, and
then sat down for his likeness. The artist noticed the glistening appearance of the young man's head, and asked him "what he had on his
hair?" He replied, "Hair oil out of that bottle."  The artist told him
that he was very sorry to inform him that it was varnish. The young
man wanted to know what he should do to get it off. He replied. "You
will will have to let it wear off." The young man went away with a
"'bright" idea in his brain, which remained for some time after.
Another incident-A fond mother brought her child to have its portrait taken by Mr. Watson. While the artist's attention was otherwise
occupied, the mother observed that the child's face was soiled, so she attempted to wash it by taking her handherchief and dipping it in a basin
of what she supposed was warm water setting on the stove, and rubbed
the child's face with it. The artist on arranging the child in the light,
observed that its face was getting black, and asked the mother what was
the matter with the child. In some alarm she replied that she did not
know, but afterwards stated what she had done, upon which the artist
informed her that the liquid in that pan was a solution of nitrate of
silver, and that he knew of no safe way to remove it. The mother went
away deeply mortified at the altered complexion of the little one.
Mr. Watson is the only photographer in the county.
The Present Roman Catholic Church
Of St. Mary, of Cheboygan, located on the corner of D and Fifth streets,




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


57


on the east side of the river, was completed in 1875. It is a frame structure, 50x130 feet, seating capacity, 800; valued at $16,000.  The present
pastor is Rev. C, L. DeCeuninck. The present membership is estimated
at about 1,500.
The Wrecking Tug Leviathan,
Capt. Charles E. Kirtland; Frank Keating, egiueer, made Cheboygan its
station Sept. 1st, 1875.
F. J Pommier, M. D.,
Graduate of the University of Montpelier, Toulouse, France, October
6th, 1856, Came here and began the practice of medicine in the autumn
of 1875.
Shipwrecks and Rescues.
Among the number of severe storms which have visited our lakes in
the vicinity and history of this county, was the fearful one of Sabbath
night, November 28th, 1875.   The storm   with the terrible force
of a hurricane struck the vessels of the lakes near our straits
about nine o'clock in the evening.    Along with the wind was
a  rapid  descent of the thermometer to several degrees below
zero, forming ice very rapidly as the waves and spray dashed over
vessels exposed to it.  On the following morning it was found that
two vessels had run aground, one a mile from the shore near the channel of our harbor, the other near Lighthouse point, the latter suffering
with heavy accumulations of ice. With a high sea sea running it seemed impossible for the crew to get off or for them to long survive on
board.
Upon the arrival of a messenger from the lighthouse, describing their
condition, the tug Eliza Williams, Capt. Geo. D. Greenfleld, went at great
risk to their relief. The vessel was the Mary E. Peru, loaded with coal.
The crew, consisting of nine men, were found to be nearly frozen to




68              CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF
death. They were soon taken to the warmer quarters of the tug,' arrd
brought to Cheboygan.
Capt. Greenfield then directed his tuog to the other vessel, named the
Sweetheart, with a cargo of iron on board. Having grounded on a mud
bank, she was nlot in a suffering condition.
Upon observing signals of distress from a small boat out in the lake, the
captain again went out and found a yawl containinc six men from the
the schooner Francis E. Palms, which went ashore several miles distant.
They wvere also taken care of by their noble rescuers. In the afternoon
word came that a distress signal was seen displayed by a vessel lying below
the point, so ag'ain the Eliza Williams went out, like an angel of mercy, to
the relief of the schooner Grenada, having six men on board.  They
had been compelled to abandon the cabin by the entrance of water, and
stay upon the icy decks, and up in the rigging. Their situation was
even worse than those rescued in the morning from the Mary E. Peru)
as they had been exposed so much longer.
Thus by the unselfish and noble-hearted heroism of Capt. George D.
Greenfield and his assistants twenty-one persons were delivered from
suffering and impending death.
Monuments are often reared to perpetuate the memory of some whose
lives were one continual career of cruel destruction, but how neglectful
we sometimes are to cherish inour hearts grateful remembrances of
those whose lives are so marked by repeated instances of self-sacrificingl
risk to save fellow beings frtom the open jaws of death.
Captain Greenfield and( his men deserve the most grateful commendation for their generous deeds.
The Cheboygan Improvement Association
Was organized December 7th, 1875. The object of this association is to
advance the interests of Cheboygan county by diseminating information
regarding the soil, climate and general advantages of the county as a
farming region, and the village as a manufacturing and commercial
center.




IVHEBOYOAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                      9
OFFICERS FOR 1876.
Wnm. McArthur-President.         H H. K1. Kezar-Vice President.
W. Chandler-Secretary.           W. F. DePuy-Treasurer.
Board of Dirlctors-R. Patterson, W. S. Humphrey, S. Legault, E.
Nelson, A. M. Gerow.
The Cheboygan Free Press
Issued its first number January 6th, 1876. Tn politics it is Democratic.
AIessrs. Bentley & Brown are the publishers..James J. Brown, Esq., is
the editor. The office is on Main street, near Division.
The Wrecking Tug Crusader,
Capt. C. H. Sinclair; Thos. Kelley, engineer, made Cheboygan its
station May 8th, 1876.
The Village Street Lamps
Were established and lighted May 10th, 1876. There are fifteen in number. Wm. Crane was the first and is still the lamp-lighter.
The Largest and Most Recent Fire
Occurred on Tuesday night, May 23d. 1876. destroying a blacksmith and
wagon shop owned by Oliver S. Clark, a foundry owned by H. A.
Blake, a planing mill owned by W. F. Kemp, a cooper shop owned by
E. Nelson, some machilley in one of the buildings owned by J.
W. Linderman. also damage to J. M. Zorn's store, opposite.
The estimated loss is as follows: Clark's blacksmith and wagon shop,
$1,600; Blake's foundry, $5,000; Kemp's planing mill, $6.000; Nelson's
cooper shop. $1,000; Linderman's machinery, $500; Zorn's store, damaget, $500. Total, $14.600, On the whole amount there was no insurance.
That loss very seriously affects the business interests of the village
just at this time, as well as falling heavily upon the parties immediately
concerned.




.' CENT'ENNIAL HISTRF aOF
The Most Recent and Saddest case of
JDrowning
Occrred about 6 o'clock on Thursday evening, July 20th, 1876, by which
three persons lost their lives at one terrible stroke, viz.: Mr. Wmi. H.
Flannigan, Miss Kizzie Flannigan, his daughter, and Miss Sarah Geneva
Forrester.
Only a few hours before they started in a mall sail boat to go up Indian river after huckleberries. When near Messrs, Vorce & Barker's mill,
they attempted to take a boat in tow containing a woman and a little
boy? and while doing so, a sudden gust of wind struck the boat and upset it, and before help could reach them they were drowned.
The bodies of Mr. Flannigan and Miss Forrester were found by Messrs,
John McKay, Win. Devine, Ken. McCoy, Wmn. Wharton and Philip De
Gray. The body of Miss Flannigan was found by Messrs. George Ramsay, James Kitchen and Lewis Pennman, all in about an hour after
search for them bad commenced.
Mr. Fl-lnnigan was a man of social naturle, good hearted, a kind husband and father.
Miss Kizzie Flannigan, his daughter, was a lively, agreeable young
lady, well spoken of by her friends,
Miss Sarah Forrester was loved by those who know her. She was
the only daughter of a mother who lost her husband about a year ago.
The funeral exercises, under the care of the Masonic order, of which
Mr. Flannigan had been a member, and also Mr. Forrester, the late
father of the deceased Miss Forrester, were held in the Methodist Episcopal church, on Friday afternoon, at 3 o'clock. They were conducted
by Rev. W. H. Ware, pastor of the church, Rev. R. M. Thompson,
of the Congregational church, leading in the introductory services. The
church was crowded to its utmost capacity. Upon the conclusion of the
sermon and the viewing of the bodies, the remains were conveyed to
the cemetery, and interred with the burial rituals of the church and of
the Masonic order.




C.IEBD  YOAN COr7NTY AND VILLAGE.                  l
The United States Revenue Service.
Changed its office in 1876 from Duncan to Cheboygan,  C. S. Ramsay
is the present Deputy Collector. The number of vessels which entered
the port last year were 332% amount of revenue $1,525.
W, W. Strohns Residenee
On Huron street, near the Congregational church, is a frame building
in composite French style, with Mansard imitation slate roof, three
stories high, upright. Dimensions 24x32, with north and south wings,
16x20, two stories each. with cellar full size of the building.  It was
completed in the tall of 1876 at a cst of $,600. It is an attractive
building, elaborate and substantial,
The Sidewalk to Duncan,
On the lower side of the road, was laid in August, 1876, to the eastern
limits of the corporation, thus making about seven and one-half miles
of sidewalk in the village. This for a population of fitteen hundred or
two thousand inhabitants is worthy of note, and perhaps is notequaled by a village of its size in the state.
The Maple Grove Cemetery,
Town of Inverness, is located on the north side of the road running west
from Mullet lake, in section 24, town 37 north, range 2 west. containing
four acres, now in process of stumping. It is to be completed by the
first of November, 1876. It was surveyed and platted by Mr, Geo. Sinclair.
The Village Look-Up.
The village lock-up, located on Huron above Third street, was built
by Messrs. Widrig & Buckley, under the superintendence of Messrs.
Kezar and Stevenson, a committee of the village council. It was completed in September, 1876. It is a building 20x22 feet, resting on a stone




652


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


floundation.  The walls are one foot thick, constructed of two-i:iicl
plank, laid in courses alternate ways with the grain of the wood, andl.
firmly spiked together at very short distances apart, in order to prevent
boring or cutting through them by any prisonerl who might desire "the
largest liberty.'
References to National Progress, &c.
[A  part the Fourth of July Celebration Address.l
Having given you a running history of Cheboygan county and village
let me make some references to the progress made in our couintry at
large within the last century. It is but proler that we shouli do so upon this anniversary year of our nationiial iindepeidence.  '
A hundred years ago, what is now the most flourishing part of the
United States was as little known as the-heart of Africa itself. It was
not till 1776 that Daniel Boone, that professor of long rifle range, -left,
his home in North Carolina ~to become the, first settler inl Kentucky.
The first pioneers of Ohio did not settle thlere tilltwenty years after,
(and the pioneers of Cheboygan region some time later).
A hunlldred years ago Canada belonged to Franlce, and Washington.
wasi a modest Virgrinia colonel, and the United States was a loyal part
of the British empire. Scarcely a speck on the political horizon indicated the struggle that in a few years was to lay the foundation of the
greatest republic of the world, (an)d one of the straitest couities il it);'
A hundred years ago there were but fourl smfitll'lnewspitaprs publishecd
in America, (the Manitawaba Chronicle, publisihed by: a '"Maiden," Walis
not one of them). Steram engines' had not been imagined,' (Perry's foundry, on Main street, had not been established).  Locomotives and stenm
boats, (the Eva English), and railroads and telegraphs and postal cards,
(our draw bridge on Third street), and friction matches, and percussion
caps, and breach-loading guns, and stoves and furnaces, and gas for
dwellings, and India rubber shoes, (Dr. Gerow's patent-portable-mysterious-self-power supplying-reversible fountain), and Spalding's prepared
glue, and sewing machines and shingle mills, and anthracite coal and




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                    63
photograph and chromo printing, and kerosene oil, (and the steamer St.
Joe), and the safety lamp, the compound blow pipe. (the Keeley moter
and the Marine City day),:ill these had not yet all existence. Free
schools arid spring matresses, (Cheboygat harbor dredges), and Brusse's
carpets, wood engravings, lever watches, (and the Spencer House), woolen and cotton factories, anid modern broom handle mills; these also were
yet utterly unknown.
A hundred years ago the spiluing wheel was in almost every family,
(but no Cheboygan Kalithumpian), and clothing was spun and woven;lnd made up by the household. (The steamer Maud Sammons had not
yet brought His Excelency George Francis Train over from Bois Blanc
island, nor the steamer DeCeutiinck tie last Fenian from Little Round
island), and the printing press was a cumbrous machine, worked by
hand, and a nail, or a brick, or a knife, or a pair of scissors or shears, or
a razor, or a fish barrel, or a woven pair of stockings, (or Smith's stage
line), or an ax, or a hoe, or a shovel, (or the dog mail train to Alpeha), or
a plate of French window glass was not to be found as having originated
in what is now the United States. Even in 1790 there were only seventyfive postoffices in the country, (land you could hardly C. (se.) A. (a) Brace
(brace) of postmasters in this country at that time). The whole extent
of our postoffice routes were less than nineteen hundred miles. Cheap
postage was unheard of, (and had any one suggested the transmission of
messages from Cheboygan to Point St. Ignace, with lightning speed by
Chas. W. Farr, our gentlemanly operator, you or I would then have
hardly believed it). The microscope on the one hand, and the telescope
on the other, was in their infancy. (H. J. A. Todd's fire works and
flags had not yet arrived, and the bovine "bell-ringers," with free concerts early in the morning, had not been originated as an improved style
of alarm clock by which to gracefully awaken sleepy folks). In a word,
it is true that to the century past have been allotted more improvements,
in their bearing upon the comfort and happiness of mankind than ainy
other that has elapsed since the creation of the world.
In addition to the wonderful progress In science, inventibrns, arts, man



64              CENTENNIAL HISTORY OFF
Ufactures, etc., let me say that our country is full of v;:riotus wonders for
which we should on this Centennial occasion glorify our native land.
The greatest cataract in the world is the FALLS OF NIAGARA, where
the waters fiom the great tipper lakes form a river of three-quarters of
a mile in width, and then being suddenly contracted, plunges over the
rocks in two columns, to the depth of one hundred and seventy feet.
The greatest cave in the world is the MAMMOTH CAVE, in Kentucky,
where any one can make a voyage on the waters of a subteranean river
and catch fish that have no eyes.
The greatest river in the world is the MISSIssIPPI, four thousand one
hundred miles long.
The largest valley in the worldiis the MIssissIPPI VALLEY. It contains five hundred thousand square miles, and is one of the most fertile
and; profitable regions on the globe.
The greatest city park in the world is in Philadelphia, where the Centennial exhibition is now being held. It contains over two thousand
nine hundred acres.
The greatest grain market in the world is in Chicago.
The largest lake in the world is LAKE SUPERIOR, which is truly an
inland sea, being four hundred and thirty miles long, and the average
depth is one thousand feet.
The greatest newspaper establishment in the world is the PUBLIC
LEDGER, published in Philadelphia.
The longest railroad in the world is the PACIFIC RAILROAD, over
three thousand miles long, reaching clear across the western continent.
The greatest natural bridge in the world is the NATURAL BRIDGE, over
Cedar creek, in Virginia.. It extends over a chasm eighty feet wide, at
the bottom of which the creek flows.
The greatest mass of solid iron in the world is the IRON MOUNTAIN,
of Missouri. It is.three hundred and fifty feet high and two miles in
circumference.
The best specimen of Grecian architecture in the world is the GIRARD
COLLEGE, in Philadelphia, a home and institution of learning for orphan
children.




CZHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


65


The most magnificent and costly hall owned and occupied y1, any bealevolelt soiety in the world is the MASONIC HALL, in Philadelphia. It
cost one and a half million dollars.  It is two hundred and fifty feet
tdeep, andi over one hundred lld fifty feet broad, built of granite, in the
massive Norman style. Fifteen thlousaidl Masons attended its dedicatioli.
The largest aqueduct il the world is the CROTON AQUEDUCT, ill New
Yori. Its length is forty Tand one-half miles, and cost twelve and onehalt million of dollars.
The greatest anthracite coal mines ill the world are in Pennsylvania.
They suplply the market with millions of tons ot coal annually, and appear to be inlexhalstable.
Some references to ant essentillll:iiid listint uishing feature of or llland
is required on this occasion. I allude to our Intional
Freedom.
If we did not conquer Great Britain at Bunker Hill, we certainly did
a hundred years later. wheni tl:e London Times admitted that the Americ;ns who fought at Bunker Hill were fighting' for genuine principles of
liberty —precious to Englishmen as well as to Americans.
It was not England, then, that in the war for indelpendence we vanquished, but the ignorance. obstinacy and injustice of a faction led on
by a haughty ridler.  English loyalty, English fieedom and English
bravery are commemorated in all those national monuments which refer
to the foundations of our republic. I do not think there could be found
in Great Britain, from the highest to the lowest, one individual who
does not now rejoice in the issue of that strife.
III regard to the civil freedom we enjoy, we see so little show of
authority that a stranger to our common liberty might suppose that
there were no laws and no magistrates. Personal fieedom is enjoyed to
such an extent that every one may do just a.s he pleases until he begins
to tresspass on the equal rights of others.
This national liberty is the defense of a more sacred temple within,
that of




66


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


Liberty of Conscience.
This has always been conserved in proportion to the strength of those
political defenses. True political liberty is incompatible with any restraint
of conscience in this country. Religious persecution is always the result of the interference of the political power with the domain of the
soul. Eeclesiastical liberty depends on a full recognition of our Savior's
solemn declaration, -"My kingdom is not of this world."  We have no
fear now, however, of anything of that kind in this country. Our people
are growing more thioughtfll and educated, and are generally growing
in independence in thinking on all subjects.
What a Glorious Country is Ours!
So marked in her general history with such wonderful growth, such
rapid progress in inventions, arts, sciences, literature; so replete with
sublime natural wonders and magnificent works of engineering skill
and mighty results; so broad and so individual in the liberties afforded
to her citizenship. Truly, ours is s 'a government by the people, for the
people." No wonder that wherever nations groan in bondage, wherever
they long for freedom and equal rights, there they gather inspiration
and hope from the recurrences of the American Fourth of July. France,
Spain, and the other nations ot Europe look to the United States for an
example to guide them in their future course, and a guarantee that
fidelity to the right and freedom will not be without success in the end.
If ever the spirits of the great dead visit this earth, I think they
would delight to seek this happy land on this festal Centennial day,
when its people thus meet to contemplate the deeds of their ancestors,
and pledge anew their devotions to those principles for which their
fathers died. To
Such a Country,
Stretching from the British border on the coast of Maine to the orange
groves of tropic Florida, from Alaska to San Diego, let us to-day renew
our most sacred pledge of faithful service, and consecrate our most ardent




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


67


zeal and lndying devotion. Let us bind ourselves together to stand
heart to heart, knee to knee. and hand to hand in thei darkest hour, to
dedicate ourselves to every end which shall promote its trtest glory and
its noblest destiny. Thenl finding our sublimest national character and
excellence not il war, nor il wealth, neither in might or force, but in
liberty and in law, in equality and in right, in the preservation of peace
nnd the development of,our magnificent resources, with education tree
to all our growiing millions, -"without money and without price," the
highest offices open to the humblest citizens, with religious liberty aad
civil rights irrevocably guaralteed to all. Our republic in the van of
the nations, may rejoice from anniversary to anniversary in the constant
extension of liberty and the destruction of caste, the overthrow of kingly claims, and the grander recognition of the power of the people, until
that glad time shall come when a belt of splendid republics shall encircle
our globe. May God speed the happy day!
Truly, we stand on
This Monumental Occasion
Between two grand centuries. The past a magnificent one of unexampled progress. The future, one of glorious prophecy. We stand in an
age of freedom, when tyrannies are crumbling, and people are uprising,
and magna chartas are writing; in a republic the greatest the sun ever
beheld, in the noblest era this planet knows. Angels, methinks, might envy
us our places, and fold their wings and incarnating their immortal
powers, stand with us foot to foot and shoulder to shoulder. Count it
all joy, my fellow citizens, to live in such an age, in such a land as this.
Let us begin this incoming century of our national history with devout
gratitude to God for the past, humble and confident trust in him for the
future, and an earnest purpose to transmit to the generations to come
the sublime institutions which we received from the fathers ot the republic of the United States of America.
Let us in imitation of the cloud-piercing flight of the noble bird, our
nation's emblem, the American eagle, soar as a republic to yet sublimer
altitudes, aye, like a sun of the first altitude and brilliancy, be peerless in




t18


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


the g';ory of our iistitutions, progress and benigl itllflellce lipoii all
other nations of the earth.
As We Gather To-Day
l'nder the strong protection of the broad folls of oir nlationl' b)anller,
let us brinl our tributes of soul-stirrilon music. explosive chal1rges of
thlundering powder, wild huzzas and fullest mle 1ey of pyrotechnic display, to Inake glad this anniversary of the lay iad 'eltl ury of our ilndepel)ndellce. and to inspire us with a still warmer allegiance to otr g'rand
old fli; which so proudly waves over
"This llld of tile free
This horne of the brave."
VIII. GENERAL DIRECTORY.
1. Official.
COUNTY OFFICERS AND OFFICES.
H. H. Kezar-Chairman Board of Supervisors, residence Third street,
west of Main.
M. Metivier-County Clerk and Register of Deeds, court house.
W. H. Maultby-County Treasurer, court house.
Geo. Paquette-County Sheriff, court house.
Geo. W. Bell-Judge of Probate and Circuit Court Commissioner, at
his office on Main street.
Watts S. Humphrey-PJ osecuting Attorney, at his office on Main street.,Joshua P. Sutton-Justice of the Peace and Notary Public, Howell
block, corner Main and Elm streets.
F. M. Sammons-Justice of the Peace, Court street, opposite the icourt
house.
Chauncy Stevenson-Justice of the Peace, Main street, below Third.
Thos. McGinn-Justice of the Peace, Duncan bay.
John McDonald-County Surveyor, Black river avenue.
Schuyler Farrell-Coroner, Huron street, below Third.




CHEBOVGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                      (;9
TOWNSHIP SUPERVISORS.
Benton-H. H Kezar.               Duncan-John Heaphy.
Beaugrand-James Barclay.         Grant-Wm. Newman.
Burt-Antoine Shenanaquette.      Inverness —Wm. B. Ellis.
VILLAGE OFFICERS AND OFFICES.
A. P. Newton-President, council room, Third street, west of Main.
H. M. Airth-Recorder, council room, Third street, west of Main.
S. Harris Embury-Treasurer, A. P. Newton's store, corner Main and
Second street.
J. J. Brown-Village Attorney, office on Main street.
M. W. Horne-Marshal, residence Main street, below Pine.
A. Earle-Assessor.
2. Miscellaneous.
HOTELS.
Spencer House, W. Spencer, proprietor, Main street, near the docks.
Benton House, F. Gallagher, proprietor, corner of Third and Water
streets
Fountain House, Mrs. S. A Smart, proprietress, corner of Division and
Water streets.
Tremont House, Moses Rapin, proprietor, Water street.,Hethernngton House, Mrs. Hetherington, proprietress, corner of Main
and Pine streets.
Ontario House, D. McConnell, proprietor, corner of Main and Third
streets.
PUBLIC HALLS.
Wertheimer's Hall, Main street, above Second.
Spencer's Hall, Main street, below Second.
Todd's Hall, Main street, below Division.
Cueny's Hall, corner of Main and Division streets.
CEMETERIES.
Pine Hill, belongs to township of Benton, located in the township of
Beaugrand.




70


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


Maple Grove, located in township of Inverness.,
Calvary. (R. C.) located in the township of Duncan.
B -augrand, located in the township of Beaugrand.
Indian Cemetery, located at Indian Village, township of Burt,
COURT HOUSE AND JAIL.
Court street, west of Main.
VILLAGE LOCK-UP.
Huron street, above Third.
CHURCHES.
St. Mary's, Roman Catholic, Third street, east side of the river.
Methodist Episcopal, corner of Huron and Pine streets.
Congregational, corner of Huron and Nelson streets.
Riggsville, Methodist Episcopal, Riggs settlement.
Indian Roman Catholic, Indian Village, north shore of Burt, lake.
STAGE OFFICES.
Cheboygan and Petcskey line, C. A. Brace, agent, office at the postoffice.
STAGE FACILITIES.
Stage leaves Cheboygan every Monday, Wednesday and Friday, at 6
o'clock, A. M., for Petoskey, carrying the mail, and return every Tuesday,
Thursday and Saturday, at 6 P. M.
WHARVES.
Nelson & Bullen's, the first below the draw bridge, west side.
A. P. Newton's, the second below the draw bridge, west side.
C. Brannock's the third below the draw bridge, west side.
Humphrey's, the fourth below the draw bridge, west side.
McArthur, Smith & Co.'s, the fifth below the draw bridge, west side.
C. Bellant's, the first below the draw bridge, east side.
STEAMBOAT LANDING.
Cleveland, Detroit and Mackinaw line, EIumphrey's dock.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                      71
Alpena Transportation Company, Humphrey's dock,
Northern Transit Company, Homphrey's dock.
N orth Star, for Mackinac Island, Humphrey's dock.
PRESENT STEAMBOAT CONNECTIONS.
The St. Joseph, steam propeller, of the Cleveland and Saginaw, and
Sandusky and Mackinaw line steamers, H. Fall, captain, arrives on
Thursday and leaves on Friday of each week, from and to Detroit.
The Marine City, sidewheel steamer, of the Alpena Transportation
line, Capt. Angus Keith, arrives on Saturday from Detroit, and leaves the
same day to return.
The steamer North Star, Capt. J. Bennett, Jr., arrives from and leaves
for Mackinac Island every Monday. Tuesday, Wenesday and Thursday,
arriving at 8 A. M., and leaving at 12 iM.
The steamers of the Northern Transit Company, (Vermont Central R
R.), running from Ogdensburg to Chic igo, stops here nearly every day, for
both the foregoing and intermediate points.
NEWSPAPERS.
Northern Tribune, corner of Main and Division streets.
Cheboygan Free Press, Main street, near Division.
CHEBOYGAN IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION
W. Chandler, Secretary, Tribune Office, corner Maiu and Division
streets.
CHEBOYGAN AND EMMET COUNTY INLAND LAKE AND RIVER NAVIGATION IMPROVEMENT.
W. Chandler, Local Commissioner, Tribune office, corner of Main and
Division streets,
COLLECTOR OF CUSTOMS.
C. S. Ramsay, Deputy Collector, Main street, above Third,
TELEGRAPH OFFICES.
W. U. Telegraph Company, C. W. Farr, Manager, corner of Main and
Elm streets.
W. U. Telegraph Company, Mackinaw City, (Old Mackinaw).




vU CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF
EXPRESS OFFICE.
McClure &'Co.'s Express, C. W. Farr, agent, corner Main and( Elm
streets,
POSTOFFICES.
Cheboygan, C. A. Brace, postmaster. Main street, above Division.
Mullet Lake, A. f Dodge, postmaster, Dodge's Point, Mullet lake.
Mackinaw City, Old Mackinaw.
MAIL FACILITIES.
Mails Depart from and arrive at Cheboygan as follows:
Mullet Lake and Petoskey-Leave tri-weekly, on Monday, Wednesday
and Friday mornings, at 6 o'clock.   Arrive tri-weekly, on Tuesday,
Thursday and Saturday evenings, at 6 o'clock.
Mackinac Island-Arrives and leaves tri-weekly, on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays.
Mackinaw City, (Old Mackinaw)-Arrives and leaves weekly. on Tuesdays.
Rogers City-Arrives and leaves weekly, on Saturdays.
CLERGYMEN.
Rev. C. L. DeCueninck, pastor R. C. church, Third street, east of draw
bridge.
Rev. W, H. Ware, pastor M. E. church, corner Huron and Pine streets.
Rev. R. M. Thompson, pastor Congregational church.
PHYSICIANS.
A. M. Gerow, M. D., City Drug Store, Main street, above Third.
T. A. Perrin, M. D., Howell Block, (up stairs), corner Main and Elm
streets.
P. J. Pommler, M. D., Division street, west of Main.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
Watts S. Humphrey. Esq., Main street, above Third.
George W. Bell, Esq., Main street, above Third.
James J. Brown, Esq., Main street, below Division.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                     73
BANK.
G. D. V. Rollo & Co., Main street, below Division.
LANDS AND REAL ESTATE AGENTS
B. Patterson, Main street, above Third.
WVm. Bartholomew, east side of the river.
Watts S. Humphrey, Main street, above Third.
P. M. Lathrop, Main street, below Elm.
INSURANCE AGENTS.
G. D. V. Rollo & Co., Main street, below Division.
G. W. Bell, Main street. above Third.
J. P. Sutton, Howell Block, Main street.
SURVEYORS.
John McDonald, Black River avenue.
Geo. Sinclair, Watsonville.
WRECKING TUGS.
The Leviathan, Capt. C. E. Kirtland, station at the docks
'The Crusader, Capt. C. H. Sinclair, station at the-dock.
TUGS FOR GENERAL HIRE.
The Minnie Sutton, Capt. F. M. Sammons, station, Cheboygan.
The Truscott, Capt. Jas. N. Riley, station, Cheboygan.
TUGS IN THE LUMBER TRADE.
Owned and operated in Cheboygan county.
Bismarck, Capt. Thomas Foster, owned by McArthur, Smith & Co.
Mary Newton, Capt. H. F. Todd, owned by Bullen & Nelson.
Eva English, Capt. A. J, Rogers, owned by Barclay & Co.
Chas. L. DeCueninck, Capt. --, owned by Thompson Smith, of
Duncan Bay.
LUMBER M4LLS.
McArthur, Smith & Co., one-half mile up the river.
C. R. Smith, three-quarters of a mile up the river.
Bullen & Nelson, one and a half mile up the river.




74


CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF


Vorce, Barker & Co., two miles up the river.
Barclay & Co., three miles up the river.
Thompson Smith, at Duncinn Bay.
SHINGLE MILLS.
George P. Langdon, Division and Water streets.
C. R. Smith, three-quarters of a mile up the river.
Howell & Co., three miles up the river.
Vorce & Barker, two miles up the river.
PLANING MILL.
Chehoygan Planing Mill Company, Water and Division streets.
GRIST MILLS.
McArthur, Smith & Co., Upper Main street.
Wm. Myers, on Black river, town of Grant.
HEMLOCK EXTRACT FACTORY.
Newton, Ellis & Co.,'on west shore of Mullet lake.
FOUNDRIES.
Perry & Watson, Main street, above Pine.
Thompson Smith, Duncan Bay.
H. A. Blake, Main street, above Pine.
BLACKSMITH AND WAGON SHOPS
O. S. Clark, Second street, west of Main.
Jas. Pellenz, Second street, west of Main.
W. C. Hayes, Main street, above Third.
E. G. Wharton, Main street, Above Pine.
Chas. Bird, Water street.
MASTER BUILDERS.
S. Widrig, State road, south end of the village.
D. Buckley, Water street, below Division.
Alex McDonald, Huron street, below Pine.
Sam Snooks, Patterson's division.
Frank Osler, east side of the river.




CHEBOYGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.


75


John McGurn, east side of the river.
Frank Be 11, second stieet, west of Main.
Joseph Cochran, east side of the river, near McDonald's bridge.
E. G. Terry, east side.
John McDonald, Patterson's division,
CONTRACTOR FOR HARBOR AND NAVIGATION IMPROVEMENTS.
F. M. Sammons, Court street, west of Main.
ARTESIAN WELL BORER.
Edward Paquette, Third street, west of Huron.
MASONS AND PLASTERERS.
Allen McDonald, Main street, west Duncan.
Wm. Wiggin, Black River avenue.
Chas. Briselden, Court street, west.
A. Cardinal, Water street, north of Division.
Robert Sanders, Dodd's creek.
PAINTERS.
Charles F. Southom, east side of Main street, above Pine.
Thomas Sheeley, Third street, west of Main.
SHIP CARPENTERS.
John Vincent, Old Mackinaw road, town of Beaugrand.
H. Amiot, wharf near steamboat landing.
E. G. Terry, east side.
Peter Johnson, shop east side ot the river, above the draw bridge.
MILLWRIGHTS.
Jerome Leavitt, near McArthur, Smith & Co.'s mill.
Henry Reynolds, near Bullen & Nelson's mill.
A. B. Riggs, near M. E. church, Riggs settlement.
A. J. Garey, Cheboygan.
COOPERS.
C. Brannock, Main and Court streets.
Theodore Bartholomew, next to store of C. Bellant.




76                CENTENNIAL HISTORY yOI
Emlil Schwark, Main road, two miles soutih of Village.
Jacob Wilson, three miles up the river.
C(. Bramock, Jr., Bran nock's dock.
Ed Paqutette. Third street. wevst of Huron.
Aigut-;t Grim, Main road, upper end.
DRY GOODS AND GROCERIES.
Porter M. Lathrop, brick store, Mail) street, below Elm.
McArthur, Smith & Co.. Main street, upper enld.
Nelson & Butllen, corner of Main and Nelson street.
S. legatlt, T'hird street, near Water.
S. Neipoth, Ma;in street. below Elm.
A. P. Newton. corner of Mail street and Black River:velne,
C. Bellant, east side of the river.
Thompson Smith, Duncan Bay.
GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS.
S. Neipoth, M:ai street, above Division.
N. W. Lyons, corner Third and Water streets.
J. Burns, corner of Third r.nd Water streets.
J. J. Cueny, corner of Main and Division streets
Galligher & McDonald. Main street, above Division.
J. F. McDonald, Main street, above the water mill.
FLOUR AND FEED.
Geo. P. Langdon, Main street, below Division.
J. J. Cueny, corner ot Main and Division streets.
MEAT MARKET.
Lynn Bro's., Main street, above Third.
Joseph Spooner, Main street. above Third.
BAKERY.
J. J. Cueny, corner of Main and Division streets.
JEWELRY.
A. Fexer, Main street, below Elm,
I. S. Huckins, Main street, below Division.




VFHE1BOGAN COUNTY AND VILLAGE.                    77
FURNITURE,
E. Spiller & Co., Main street, above Elm..J. IH. Tuttle, Main stieet, above Third,
HARDWARE,
J. F. Hatll, Third street, east of Main.
Post & Van Arsdale. Main street, below Divisiot0i
DRUGS,
A. M. Gerow, M. D., City Drug Store, Main street,
C(. W  Farr, Central Dru( Store, corner of Main atad Elm streets.
HARNESS.
J. C. Mulvaugh, Main street, above Division.
Eph. Tuttle, Main street, above Third.
SHOEMAKERS.
J. M. Zorn, Main street, above Third.
Charles Farmer. Main street, above Court.
Peter Decent, Third street, near the draw bridge.
Wm. Crane, Main street, above Third.
Wm. Rice. Mainl street, above Court.
MILLINERY.
Mrs. I. S. Huckins, Main street, below Division.
Mrs. A. J. Rogers, Main street, below Division.
Mrs. Roberts, east side of the river.
SEWING MACHINES.
James O'Connor, Third street, east of Main.
TAILOR.
C. J. Rosenblad, Main street, above Pine.
STATIONERY AND BOOKS.
C. A. Brace, postofflce, main street.
A. Fexer, opposite the postofflce.
FRUIT AND CONFECTIONERY.
H. J. A. Todd. Main street, below Division.




78                 CENTENNIAL HISTORY.
BARBERS.
Moore & Kesseler, Main street, above Third.
W. H. Kelley, cornerMain and Third streets.
BRICK YARD.
Wm. C. Whiting, Inverness an(l Benton town line road, west of the
bridge.
LIVERY STABLE.
Devine & Allaire. Main street. above Third.
HACK AND EXPRESS.
Littlefield & Ford, stand corner of Main and Third streets.
David Smith, stand corner of Main and Third streets.
HEAVY TRUCK TEAMING.
Burt Hayden, corner of Water:nd Division street.




MACKINAC          ISLAND
SUPPLEMAENT,
DESCRIPTIVE OF ITS
HISTORY, oSENES AND BUSINESS,




I
I




MACKINAC ISLAND.
It has teen our fortunate pleasure to visit in the various states, scenes
of natural lovliness, where mountains and valleys, rolling rivers and the
broad ocean, have each imparted their beauty or grandeur to nature,
but we know of no place where are blended so many charms as are
found clustering about this "Beauteous Isle."
Here risilg out of the lake, by a series of terraces, and yet whose sides
arc rugged clif-s. like great battlements, is this Fairy Island of Macki lnalc.
-lere abound in various places upon it, shady walks, pleasant drives,
tand( most wondl'rul curiosities. Here a kind Providence has provided
a calnm retreat, while a most delightful atmosphere in the summer season,
generous fishilng groulds, and grandest chances for meditative saunterilgs, all conspire to tempt the man of business and the gentleman of
leisure to enjoy such comforts as can scarcely be found so united elsewhere. Surely it is worth a journey of hondreds of miles to gaze upon
its grandeurs, to tread its wooded aisles, to examine its nattural curiosities, to leartI its traditionu, and seek benefit in its salubrious climate!
Mackinac Island is situated just in the straits, forming the communication bet ween Lakes  tluron and Michigan. So far back as we have
any account of it, this island has beeni a place of much interest, both
for its picturesque scenery and( the fiact of its being the headquarters of
trade with the surrounding tribes of Indians.  It received its original
name from the Indians. An old legend relates that a large number of
these people were once assembled at Point St. Ignace and while intently
gazing at the risingo o the sun, during the great Manitou or February
Moon, they beheld the island suddenly rise up from the water, assuming
its present form. From. the point of observation, it bore a fancied resemblance to the batck of a huge turtle, hence they gave it the name of




82


MA CINA C ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.


Moe-clhe-ne-mock-c-nungll, which means a gre:t turtle wlich in the
French lan)guage is Michilimackinac. This term is iow, obsolete, except
as applied to the county lying immediately north of the straits, in which
the island is included. The islhnd has now the offlcial title of Mackinac
Island.
Indian mythology makes this island the home of the Gianti Faries,
hence the Indians have always regarded it with a species of veneration.
The day is still within the memory of many indivildals now living on
the island when the heathen Indians, in passing to and fro by its shores,
made offerings of tobacco and othler articles to the Great Spirits to propitiate their good will. These.aries, we are told, had a subteraneanl
abode under the island, the entrance to which was near the base of the
hill, just below the present southern gate of the fort.
Something of the feeling of veneration which the red men had for
this, to them, enchanted island may be learned from the following soliloquy of an old Indian chief. He was just leaving the island to visit his
friends in the Lake Superior country. The shades of night were fallin)g
around him, and the deep, blue outlines of the island were dimly shadowed forth. As he sat upon the deck of the steamer and watched the
"lovely isle," fast receding from his view, memory was busy in recalling
the scenes of by-gone days and the emotions of his heart found expression
in these words:
~'Moe-che-ne-mock-e-nung, thou isle of the clear, deep water lake, how
soothing it is, from amidst the curling smoke of my opawgun (pipe), to
trace thy deep blue outlines in the distance, to call fromi memory's tablet the traditions and stories connelted with thy sacred and mystic character. -low sacred the regard with which thoui had been once clothed
by our Indian seers of by-gone days. IIow pleasant in imagination for
the mind to picture and view, as if now present, the time when the
Great Spirit allowed a peaceful stillness to dwell around thee, when only
light and balmy winds were permitted to pass over thee, hardly ruffling
the mirror surface of the waters that surrounded thee, or to hear, by
evening twilight, the sound of the Giant Faries as they, with rapi'I step
and gi(ldy whirl, dance in their mystic rounds on thy limestone battle



MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.                      83
ments. Nothing then disturbed thy quiet and deep solitude but the
chirping of the birds and the r'ustlinlJ of the leaves of the silver barked
birch."
But these fairy spirits have long since deserted their island home'
antd gone we know not where, and the r'ace of beings in whose im.gilation they lived has, also. well nigh passed away.
Fath, r Malrquette, a Jesuit missionary, was, doubtless, the first white
man to visit this island, or, at least, to dwell upon it, about 16(70. The
first permanellt white settlement on this isl:nd was madle in 1780, when
the fort and1 town were removed to this point, not because of its superiority in a commercial or military ploint of view, but for the security it
afforded againlst the sturroundingl Indian tribes.
Contrary to the tre:nty of 1783, the English held possession of the
island until 1795, when they were compelled to give it up. The size and
population of the town haR varied at different stages of its history.
In 1820 it consisted of about one hundred and fifty houses, and some
four hundred and fifty permanent inhabitants. At that time there was
no school, no religious service, no attorney, 'and no physician (other
than at the garrison) in the place.  There were, however. courts of
law, a postoffice, a jail and one or more justices of the peace.  At present there are about eight hundred inhabitants, varying but little in
number since the census of 1874 was taken.
The most interesting fe'ature of the island since the war of 1812 has
been its connection with the fur trade carried on by John Jacob Astor,
Esq., of New York. Previous to 1809 an association of traders existed,
called the "Mackinac Company," but at that date Mr. Astor organized
the "American Fur Company." Two years after that he bought out the
"Mackinac Company," and established a new company, known as the
"Southwest Fur Company."
During the winter of 1815 and 1816 Congress enacted a law that no.
foreigner should engage in trade with the Indians who did not become
a citizen, and after this Mr. Astor again established the "American Fur
Company." This island became the great central mart.




84


84  MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPEEMENT.


ll 1834 Mr. A-t or soltl out to Ramsey Cvooks,, his formner arent, and
obtllh'r,, b)lit li le tradle, latckig ilie ififlieluce MI'. Astor had given it, the
c{tPlalli)v soo1  iecalme ilvolve(d. Ill 1848 the business -was closed and
ie lpr )pery soldl. Thle Astol lIoiltse, stal:ldiln, back fiom the steamboat
l;lclintr, tlell folI(rmed a part of the premises owned by tlhe "Amterican
Pettr Cmpaii:v."
I'lle town itself is a per1fect cuiiosit.V. It is situanted at the foot of tlhe
l)lliff uponl)l tlie brow of which stan(ls tlie fort, allli extenlds for the dist;lct of abloloit a iile  ouind(1 the bea;chl.  There are two churches, one
ilie 1(1 l'lresbyterii:ln 'Mission church, now nlse(I on lv for exhibitionls,
eiltert:;:imitlits7, etc., tlhe other is the new Rotni:ii Catholic chtlrell. There.11e severa:ll good hotels, a. Iimiinber of stoies, a postotfice, corilt house anli
j.il. Solme of the biltligs are very fine ill:ppl)e;arance., others:Ire givigo, posii ive ei(ldellce of tleiir alltiqllity. There:ae bidiliiigs yetstaiildig Ip: i'ts of hlicli were bro-hlitr from Old;lackiiiaw  vheii the town
atid fort were removed froml tli;it poilnt, w\Nile several of thle houses, some
of whIich tle yet occulield, were stan lliir dnriig, t he tlroublols times of'
1812. M1niy of the tences are of the origiiial palis:tlde style.
I n m:killg a circuit of the town, startilg fr'om  the docks. and g(oing
westward, Nwe sete buillings of every dliscripttion, from the most motlerli
st vle (lown to the shanlty %with clapboards alid shingles of bark. Beyond
the extremie \western limits of 'Shanlty Town"l is tile site of the old listillery. where in 1812 the terrified and tremblilng inhabitants wATere gathered for safety *while Capt. Roberts, witi his savage allies. should  possess
himlself of the fort, and island. Beyond this is the old Indlian burying
grouild, where still sleeps the mouldelriig dust of Inoiy a brave son of
the forest. Retracing our steps, we turn to the left aiid pass through
"'Sbhinty  Towni," priticipally occupied by fishermen. who are absent
during most part of the sulmmer.
The fishing grounds extend tromi Druimmonid's island, nie;ir Detour,
around the north shores of Huroni andl Michigan, to Green bay, including
the islands in the northernl portion of both these lakes. As we returni to
the town on the back street, we notice on the right the old Roman Catholic
burying ground. upon which once stood the old log church brought
r5                        InLV VI  I~kr




M.IACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.                    8 5
from Old Mackinaw after lhe m:assacre. Farther aloll. uipoIn thle s1ame
side of the road is an anltiqule h!ose wvith Iii(ge stonle chimntils an  dor-1 -mer windows, which, during the war of 1812, was occupiei( by Dr.
Mitchell. Mitchell was a traitor. and upon the rettnrn of pea:ce had to
leave the island and country for Ca:nada. Adjoiiing the collrt house is
the oll store house of the Americanl Fur Company,. which was the place of
deposit and point of departure for all the merchalldise of thlat cornpanly.
The adjacent building, the John Jacob Astor'l ouse. was:,put iu) by tile
company for the accommoldation of the clerks whenl they c.me out of tlhe
Indian countries during the summer.
Returning now to the poilt from which we set otlt, let s ma:ke our
way toward the eastern extremity of the town. Tlhe large gar;den upon
the left as we leave the business portion of the town belongs to the fort.
It is cultivated by the soldiers of the garrison, and1 does much toward
supplying them with a variety of vegetables. In this garder is the site
of the old government or council house. the first building ever erectel
upon the island.
Further along, the new Roman Catholic chlurch attracts our attention.
It is a new, tasty and commodious edifice, and adds much to the appearance of the town.
In the extreme eastern end of the town is the Mission property, now
in possession of Mr. E. A. Franks, the house beilng kept by him as ZA
hotel. The history of this mission is briefly as follows: In the month of
June, 1820, the Rev. Dr. Morse, the Father of F. B. Morse, the inventor
of the electric telegraph, visited the island and preached the first
Protestant sermon ever delivered il this portion of the northwest. Becoming particularly interested in the condition ot the traders and natives, he made a report ot his visit to the United Foreign Mission society,
of New York, in consequence of which, the Rev. W. M. Ferry, a graduate
of Union College, was sent in 1822 to explore the field. In 1823, Mr.
Ferry, with his wife, opened a school for Indian children, which, before
the close of the year, contained twelve scholars.
In 1826. the school and little church passed into the hands of the
American Board of Commissioners for foregn missions, and as Mackinac




8(G


MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.


was easy of access to the Indians ot the lakes and tile upperl Mississippi,
it was determined to make it a central;station,. at which there should be
a: lare boarding school, composed ot chilldren collected from all the
northwestern tribes. Shops and gardens were provided for the lads.
and the girls were trained for hocusehold duties.  The first report of the
mission made to tile American Board of Commissioners for foreignl missions was fat the meeting held in New York, September, 1827. It contained tile following fiacts: Number of teachers.eight; Rev. Wm. M.
Feiiy, Superintenldenlt; Mr. John S. Huldson, teacher and farmer; Mr.
HIeyidelburk and wx ife. Mrs. HtdIson, Miss Eunice Osmer. Miss Elizabeth
McFarlanld l and l Mis Delia Cooke, teachers.  There were one hundred
and twelve scholars in the school, who had been collected from the whole
region extending from the white settlements south of the great lakes to
Red river and Lake Athabasca. There had been several interesting cases of
conversion. It was in this Mission H[ouse that the Hon. T. W. Ferry,
our present Vice President. was born. Rev. Mr. Ferry was released fiom
the Mission in 1834.  On account of the population changing around
Mackinac, and the Indian traders finding their business becoming unprolductive, and therefore leaving for other parts, the mission was abanded in 1837. The Mission House was erected in 1825, and the church in
1829-30. After the close of the Mission the property passed into the
hands of the present occupant. Without any doubt, influences were set
into activity which, in the past years of its history, have made this Mission of great educational and religious benefit to those in whose behalf
it was carried on.
The business part of the town deserves notice. There are a dozen or
more stores of various kinds, groceries, dry goods, furniture, curiosities,
&c., doing, especially in the summer season, a good business.  The new
store of Messrs. Fenton & Wendell is a conspicuous structure of fine
architectural beauty, a handsome adornment to the town, and very commendable of the enterprise and taste of the proprietors.
Having now made the circuit of the town we are ready for the two
forts. Fort Mackinac, standing on a rocky eminence, just above the
town, was built by the English some ninety years ago. It is garrisoned




MIACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.                     87
at present by the following troops of the regular army, viz: Colonel A.
L. Hough, 22d U. S. Infantry, commanding; Capt. J. V. DeHanne, Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., Post Surgeonl; C:pt. C. J. Dickey, 22d Infantry, comuanding Co. E. 1st Lieut \. W. Daugherty, Co. E, 22d
U. S. Infantry, Acting Assistant Qu:;ertermister and Acting Commissary
of Stlbsistance, and two companiles of' infatntry. There are several brass
field pieces, with the necessary arms anid accoutrements for the troops
stationed there. The buildings ii the fort are quarters in the center for
the soldiers, a guard house near the south gate, officers' quarters near
the southwest angle of the fort and near the flagstaff, the magazine in
the hollow near the south entrance, the block houses on the walls, the
hospital just outside the wills toward the east, also stores and offices.
Passing out at the rear gate of Fort Mackinac, we cross the parade
ground, alnd see the spot where Capt. Roberts planted his guns in 1812,
while his whole force of Indians were concealed in the thickets.
To the rear of Fort Mackinac, about three-quarlters of a mile, on the
crowning point of the island is Fort Holmes. It was built soon after
the British captured the post in 1812. Each citizen was compelled to
give three days' work toward its completion. When finished, the excavation encircling the embankment or earthworks, was much broader and
deeper than now. The place of the gate is seen on the east side, one of
the posts yet relnainling to mark its position. The t'bot was defended by
several small guls, the largest of which was an eighteen-pounder
placed on the poinlt, on the opposite side ot the cellars from the tort. It
was first named Fort George, but after the surrender of the island to
the Americans it was called Fort Holmes, in memory of the lamented
Major Holmes, who fell in battle there.
''he scenery of the Islandt of Mackinac can scarcely be exceeded in
beauty. It is a mass of breciated limestone ot the upper Helderberg
group, elevated in some places more than three hundred feet above the
level of the lake. It assumes various shapes-perpendicular columns,
towering pinnacles, excavated grottos-these geological phenomena.
are believed to be due partly to the elevation of the island and partly to




88


MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEMEEN'.


the subsidence of the water. The waters surrounding the island are
pure and the beach in many places is quite level. affording good landing. It has a little gem of a harbor,:ffordin good:anchorage and shelter. The whole area of the island is onle labyrinth ot curious little glens
and valleys. One of the finest views of natulre a;ywhere is seen by
looking from some one ot the numerous eminenices oult upon the magnificent waste of waters so far below, andl stretching so far away in
the widening distance.
Going fiom Fort MAackinac, and followilng the footpath along the brow
of the bluffoverlooking the eastern part of the town, we shall be delighted with nature's grand panoram-l as its successive scenes present
themselves to us. One-half or thrpe-qltarters of a mile fromn the fort
at the south-east angle of the island is the overhtlnginllg cliff kiiown as
'Robinson's Folly."  Its interesting history i. a:s follows: After the
removal of the fort to the island, in 1780, Capt. Robinsoi), who then
commanded the post. had a summer house built upon this cliff as a place
of resort for himself and friends. Here cigars and wine were called into requisition to make the time go more rapidly by.  After a few years,
however, by the action of the elements, a portion of the cliflf with the
summer house, was precipitated to the base of the rock, which disastrous event gave rise to the name. Some of the debris is said to be yet
seen upon the beach, below.
To the north of Robinson's Folly may be seen an immense rock,
standing out boldly fiom the mountain's side, near the base of which is
a very beautiful little arch, known as the "Arch of the Giant's Stairway." This arch is well worth the trouble of a visit.
By following a footpath along the brow of the bluff, in a few minutes'
walk, we come to the far and justly famed "Arch Rock." This is one of
nature's works which must be seen to be appreciated. Language cannot adequately describe its grandeur. It is a magnificent natural arch,
spanning a chasm of eighty or ninety feet in height and forty or fifty
feet in width. The summit of the rock is one hundred and forty-nine
feet above the level of the lake. Its abutments are composed of calcareous rock, and the opening underneath the arch has been produced by




MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPL EMENT.


89


the falling down of the groat ln:sses of rock now to be seen upon the
beach below. A path to the right leads to the brink of the arch, wheuc e
the visitor, it sttticiently reckless, may pass to its summit, which is now
only about a foot il width ill solie places, and widening out to
three feet in others. It is. however, crumbling away by the action of
the elements, land a t no d(istant;day it will Itll inl ruins to the beach below, This mighty arch seems suspended in mid air as viewed from the
beach.
The following parody ol a pol)ulalr sotig, "My Maryland," was found
written on a stone inear the base of Arch Rock. some ten or twelve years
since:
"Belatcouls Isle! I sing of thee,
Ma:ckillac, my Mackinac,
Thy rock-bound shores I love to see,
Mackilnac. my Mackinac.
From Arch Rock's height and shelving steep
To Westernl Clifs al(nd Lover's Leap,
Where lmemorivs of the lost one sleep,
Mlackinac, my Mackinac.
Thy northe'rn shore trod British foe,
Ml'ckinac. my Mackinac.
That day saw gallant Holmes laid low,:Mackinlc, my Mackinac.
Now Freedom's flag above thee waves,
And guards the rest of fallen braves,
Their requiem sung by Huron's waves,
Mackinac, my Mlackinac."
Taking the road which leads to the interior of the island we soon
come to "Sugar Loaf," or -Pyramid Rock."  This rock is about one
hundred and fifty yards from the foot of the high ridge, upon the southeast extremity of which stands Fort Holmes. The plateau upon which
it stands is about one hundred land fifty feet above the level of the lake,
while the summit of the rock is two hundred and eigthy-four feet above
the lake, giving an elevation of one hundred and thirty-four feet to the
rock itself. It is composed of the same generally prevailing calcareous
rock. Its shape is conical, and from its crevices grow a few vines and




m:MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.
cedars. It is cavernous, with an opening on the north side. sufficient to
admit several persons. Upon the smooth surflce of the rock within the
opening may be found the:utogralphs of numerous aspirants for fame.
The rock reminds the thoughttul and devout soul of the "Rock of
Ages," and leads him to sing,
Rock of ages, cleft for me,
Let me hide myself in thee.
As we approach this rock along the road the effect is grand and imposing.  The patriarch of the agee, it lifts its hoary head high toward
heaven in utter defiance of the fury of the elements. The view is also
very fine from the top of the ridge.
We return now to the fort, and again start out in a different direction.
Halt a mile to the rear of Fort Mactkinac, and only a few yards to the right
of the road that leads to Early's farm, is "Skull Rock," noted as the place
where Alexander Henry was secreted by the Chippewa chief Mawatam,
after the horrid massacre ot the British garrison at Old MIackinac. The
entrance to this cave is at present low and narrow, and promises little to
reward the labors of exploration.
Two miles west of the village and fort is Early's (formerly Michael
Douseman's) farm. This farm consists of a section of land, and produces
annually large quantities of hay and vegetables of the best quality.
Near there, is the old Douseman house, a relic of 1812. and across the
road from it is the battle ground, hallowed by the blood of the lamenlted Holmes and others.
Following the road leading through this farm we soon arrive at the
"British Landing," so named from the fact that Capt. Roberts, with his
mixed command of English, French and Indians, here disembarked his
forces to take the place, in 1812. It is also noted as the point where the
American troops, under Colonel Croghan effected a landing, under the
cover of the guns of the American squadron, on the eventful 4th of
August, 1814.
Near the northwestern point of the island is Scott's or Flinn's Cave.
To find this, we turn to the right a few rods this side ot British Landing,:




MACK1NAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.


91


and follow an lunfrequented trail through the woods. A stranger should
not attempt tiis journey without a gi(de. This cave is underneath one
of the huge ibcks peculiar to Mackinac. Il visiting this cave it will be
convenient to have a lamp or clandle with you, so as to more comfortably investigate its hidden chambers.  Near this cave yet stand a few
patriarchs of the forest, which at an earlier period covered the island.
Leaving the town and following the footpath around the brow of these
bluffs, or if we continue along the beach for about a mile from the village, we come to Devil's Kitchen, a curiously formed cavernous rock, and
near it is a spring of clear, cold water.
A few yards farther on is the lamous -Lover's Leap."  This rock
stands out boldly from the side of the cliff, and in appearance is similar
to the Sugar Loaf Rock. Visitors have applie'l this title to other points
on the island, but traditio: has given it to this rock only. Wm. M.
Johnson, formerly a resident of this village, gives us the following legend
concernigitg t: "The huge rock called the 'Lover's Leap' is situated about
one mile west of the village of Mackinac. It is a high, perpendicular
bluff, one hundred and fifty to two hundred feet in height, rising boldly
from  the shore of the lake.  A solitary pine tree formerly stood
upon its brow, which some vandal has cut down.     Long before
the pale faces profaned this island home of the genii, Me-che-ne-mock-enungt-o-qua, a young Objihbwa girl. just maturing into womanhood, often
wandered there, and gazed from its dizzy heights -:nd witnessed the re-:edin(g canoes of the large war parties of the combined bands of the
Objibwas and Ottawas speeding soulh, seeking for fame and scalps.  It
was there she often sat, mused and hummed the songs Ge-niw-e-gwon
loved. This spot was endeared to her, for it was there she and Ge-nliwe-gwon first met and exchanged words of love and found an affinity of
souls existing between them.  It was there that she often sat and sang
the Objibwa love song:
Wong-e-do-gwain, in-de-nain-dum,
Wong-e do-gwain, in-de-nain-dum.
Wain-shung-ish-ween, neen-e-mo-shane,
'Wain-Shung-ish-ween, neen-e-rmo'-shane,




92


MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.


A-nee-wanl-sa ii-bo-a z' de,
A-nee-wa)-sa n-bo a-zode,
I give biut one verse, which may be translated as follows:
A loon, I thoghl)t, was looming.
A loon, I tboutght, was looming,
Why! it is he. my lver!
Why! it is lie, my lover!
His paddle in the waters gleaming,
His paddle in the waters gleaming.
From this bluff she oftel watchled:Ind listened for the return of the war
parties. for amongst them she knew was Ge-niw-e-gwont, his head decor-:ted with war eagle plumes, which nonee but a brave could sport. The
west wind often wafted far in advance the shouts of victory anl death,
as they shouted and sahg upon leaving Pe-quod-e-nong (Old Mackinaw)
to make the traverse to the Spirit or Fairy Island.
One season, when the war party returned, she could not distinguish
his familiar and loved war shoult. ler spirit told her that he had gone
to the spirit land of the West. It wavs so; an enemy's arrow had pierced
his breast, and after his body was placed leaning against a tree, tronting
his enemies, he (lied, but ere he died he wished the mourning warriors
to remember him to the sweet nmaid of his heart.  Thus he died, far
away from home and the fiiends he loved.
Me-che-ne-mock-e-nung-o-qla's hushed its beatings, and all the warm
emotions of that heart were chilled and dead. The,moving, living spirit
of her beloved Ge-niw-e-gwon she witnessed continually beckoned her
to follow him to the happy hinting grounds of spirits in the West. Iie
appeared to her in human shape, but was invisible to others of his tribe.
One morning her body was found mangled at the foot of the bluff.
The soul had thrown aside its covering of earth, and had gone to join
the spirit of her beloved Ge-niw-e-gwon, to travel together to the land
of spirits, realizing the glories and bliss of a future eternal existence."
Some little distance further on is "Chimney Rock," which Prof.
Winchell denominates one of the most remarkable masses of rock in
this or any other state. A footpath which leads from the beach near the




MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.                     93
base of Lover's Leap to the plateau above brings us to the old Davenport farm, now owned by G. S. IIlubba:l, of Chicago.
Having made the circuit of the island, let us once more ascend to Fort
Holmes. take oLr seat upon the high station built some years since by
the government engineers, and look around us. The island lies at our
feet, and we can see almost every part of it. Tthe little clearings seen il
various places were once gardens cultivated by American soldiers. That
in the vicinity of Arch Rock was called the "Big Garden."  In 1812,
when the English captured the island, the clearing on the high plateau
back of Fort Holmes was planted with potatoes, and when the Americans came back to take possession of the island. in the spring of 1815,
the English, not h-iving cultivated it during the time, were compelled to
plow it up anld pllnt it, that accordling to the terms of the treaty they
might leave everything as they found it.  As we gaze upon the adjacent islands and mainland, memory is busy with the scenes of the
past. Two hundred and fitty years ago only bark canoes dotted the
surflac3 of the lake. A few years later the songs of the Canadian voyageur, as he rowed or paddled his large battea:u, echoed and re-echoed
around the shores. Now the shrill nvhistle of the propeller is heard, and
the white sails of hundreds of vessels are spread to the breezes.
The first vessel ever seeln in these waters was the "Griffin," in 1679,
alnd the first steamer was the 'Walk-in-the-Water," in 1819. It wculd
be difficult to estimate the amount of wealth which is now annually carried through these straits. During the season of navigation from fifty
to one hundred vessels may be seen passing up and down the straits in
one day, and almost any hour of the day several propellers may be seen
in full view of the island and of Cheboygan village on the mainland. A
large number ot these vessels and steamers stop at both these places
each way to leave and take on passengers and freight.
For the benefit of those who may desire to know the altitudes of
Mackinac and the contiguous lakes, we give the following table taken
from the geological report of 1860 by Prof. Winchel, state geologist,
page 210:




94"


91     MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.


Lakes Hur-on and MHichigrau..........................      7
Lake Superior.....................................             627
Fort MHackinaw. (Lliggins' topogrIaphcl report of' 1839. page 64 150 728~
Old Fort Holmes. (Geolovicail level. July. 1860).............318 s(K
Robinsoni's Folly, (Goeological level, Jnly. 1860)..............1 27 7 05
BWuff thieing Bound [sitand. (Geoplogical level. 'July. 1860)......... 147 725
Summit, of Sugrar LoAaf. (Geological level. Jul Iy. 1 860.I........284 S62
(Gbimney Hock,, (Geological level,.July. 18WO)..................$1l 709
Lover's Leap, (Geological level. Jul1y. 1860)................145 72.3
Trop of airch at. Arch Rock,, Geological level.-] July. 1860).......140 718!
lligrhe t sumni t of' Arch Rock,. (Geological level,.July, 1860).....149 727,rop of buittress facing the lake at Arch Rock. (Geoglogical level,
July, 1860)....................................105 683
Pririci pal piatteau o1' Ma k-i nac Is a-t d.(Geolog~1cal level,.July.1860) 1,50 '727
Upper Iplateaut of Mackinac Island, (Gcological level, July. 1860)2987
Lake Ontario. (Iliggtris's topogrraphi~a1 report. of' 1839)....... 1235
We caonot conclude this general de.-crlption of Mackinac Island wvithout reference- to its prominent cllimatology. While much can be truth-.
fully said in this direction. omr limited space will admit of only a brief
mention of it. Coninected with this locality are two indispensibles of
healt~h,,viz: pure air:ued p1)r  water. Here they ac-e to be ftmund il
abundance. Here youi can eat, sleep.) roam, fish and enkjoy yousef gen
eorally,:311( feel as though~ 1,you was "'a child ziga in."
~The:ettinosphere iA put'-e;.  d being very iluilhb ozygenated, is Very.~
btetoyaiit. TVhe hieat never'rlses sntci-ejectly- to'produce miasmatlic exhiula-,
tions. hin fatct there arie no swamrps or marshes to be affecte d -by heat evern
it' the temperature was sufficient to orig'inate them.i- The followin-g table
from Pi-of. Blolget's, report on the -climatology of the United States.. in
1857 is worthy of notice in this connection, as it shows the deogrees of meant,
monc~thly and extreme. temperature for a -series -of: years of Mackinac:
Island. as-compared with sever~al othe~r plhices~inthe.Umted States, aml
at Montreal, Canada




MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.     9


-95


I             I-  I         fc
7
~Ilickiinac........ 19 IS1  3 74 48.7 65 46 5 4.5;i4 2 3 4 1  24  90 24
Detroit, Wei.....h.. 27 27,.35;406 dh G0i68 G6 41 S 237 47 4tj52
Mouiltreal, C".uuafd.... 14 16i2 40I53 66 0 066 59 45 32i 9 421 3f6  10' 37
Albany, N. Y........24 25 )35 4760O 68 7'2 70 61 49 31928 49~ 23  99 28
Phliladelpihi.Pa..... 32 3b 40K 511;59 6 9 7.517 3 64, o4 44' 43. 53  10  08 26
(1)Cicinnati, Ohio.....30 34 4458G61 7 I14 ~3 68 5.5 41 34 54I  K  10619j
Chicago, Ilk........I24 ~p     63611909'894
St. Louis. Mlo.......  33 35 44 958 Gb; i4 9! ~6 9 -5)54 1 3 4 55  25  108'23
St. Pu11, Mliu..... '1 4 18 i1 46' 59 68 73! 76 9 47 132 17 45  3 7  Ioo35
Otmaha. Nhb......... 192'5 v341) 262 1 7G 767                       7 2304
From this table it is apprn   hat the temper~atuire at Ma-cincde
not indlicate as great extremes of heat ain(1 colt] as arie SlbOW 1 inl Othcr
place; in difterent directions andl at great li-staiiees the'refroin.  Foi- inlstances-at St. Paul, onl nearly tie same lin-e of' I-Atittlide, the greatest (degree of cold indica-ted is 37 deg-rees below zero. and of' hiea-t 100 degrees
above. At Mlontreal the thermoimeter registered1 a-s low -,i 36 degrees
blwzero, ati  sh~h a s12 (legrees -ulovt.  At St. Louis, Mlissoturi,
hunifdreds of miles southi, the table indic~ates thie mercury as low as25
(legrees below zero, and teaching uip to 108 degrees above. Now observer
the ffigures opposite Miackiniac., and it will be seen that the lowesteg
Ister of the thermometer is 23 degrees below zoro, aend the highiest is
90 degrees above, and this through a seories of' forty years yeats.  nl'iis
favorable cond tioni of the climate of Ma-ckiniac is owvingy to the absorption amid emission of heat, and the vaporiz-ation and condenisa-tion of the,
water,alternately in su~mmer and winter, thm's makingil. according, to wvell
knowvn laws in physics and meteorology, the equab~le climate of the
Islani id.
The water of the island, fiowving from springs issuing from the crevices of the rocks, though impregnated with lime, is, free from deleterious
impurities. The water of the lake is also very pure land transparent.




96


90     MACKINAC ISLAND SUPPLEM1ENT.


Upon a fair da-y, wheti the surtaice of the %vater is StillI, the botton of' thle
lake can be seen at the delitth orflroin thirty to forty oit iore feet. If`Yo!i
wvish to enlJOy the pleasures ot a bath tile g1adit:d1 slope of tile pebblly
shore is intivitiOig Whd11 thel( wavter, thoughi it aver tgcs about forvty deg-riees,
is otten elevated to a higoher tei lperatiare, by the, sitii's raiys fa'fliug-tipotn
At. Here theu, onl this "-beau ti~ul Iisle of' tlie st tadts," is a satlit. i rurni.
Here sutl'ferers fr-om deb)ilitated system-, oAeNverwi'rd powers. llyp~ &Iolidrh~cs, -and espe-cially those,tifferiig from tljit scau)r~e hay f~ever, (nerVotts etrhwhieh affliets so maunY of otur substantial butsiuess an(i cmitie~nt profe-ssional mne'i. may find either a, positivt' c nre or a imariel, a-II
leviation. of the disease.  Iii regard to the las.t tirianie I mwilady, lucwh c-ItI
be said inl favor of thle climate ot MaIck il)iac aid Clieboygaui inl its, influi.nee Upon it. Here is relief. Patients sooni flind a wonilerfl. Changoe
fin their condi tion, atid eveutua-llhy complete re~et" froin tihe (list ressino
cornpl;:int.
The following report, (f the proceedings ot aI meeting- of' the WestettiHay Fever Associationi, held at Mackinac I.4and, Sep:t. 1st. 187(6, is wi( rily
of insertion atid of pertisal by any one similarly affliete I anywhlere,
"A meetitig of hay fever patients was held ill tile Parlors (If the, Paltmer
House, at M-ackinac, Mich., on. Sept. Ist, 187(3, for the pttr1posc of organllizing an associ~atiotn.
Oa tinotiGo), Geo. C. Harrhington, of W~atseka, Ills., was cailled to the
chair, and II. A. lIinvan, of Chiciago, appointed, Secretar~y.
The, Chairman, briefly stating the object of the mneetin g saidii 'Aui
org~anizationi of this chiaricter, with a similar- object in view. was orgranized at Bethlehiem, N. II., in 1874. O'n account of the- utter inability of
wvester'n Patients to reach eastern localities, the ride onl thle eats being
attended with so mtuch dust andl cinders, that it wvould predispose or a- -
ri1vate an -attack, that orglanization would seem to be of no practicAl beniefit to western patients, so far at least as acqtuaintance antd socitility are
coti.*rtrned. To meet. together each year and exchange viewvs as to wheat
remedies have been tried atnd wvhat reg-ions, have proved] of natuiral benlefit, wvhile at all eventsQ an anatual meeting of those afflicted wvill certainly promote sociability, for




HzICKtATAC ISLAND SUPPLEMENT.    9


97


'A tetli)w teclnf in~[fakes US wonidtrous 1( indl.'
The isttil o   M  'cItC is unquesitioably a place nearer exempt from
The isl-11tv or              t O II
thje wini'a il atltacl tl:111 ',nIy Ioe-aity known est, atnd on account of its
lon  bitsoyae ~u~nictot            whlielch altitraveling is avoided, muist
lnt(v roe, atnd mnote cacti year the Mecca to w~luich the feet. of h-tiv fever
pilgr:."ns wvill teal. Aside froun its beingr anI exemtn~ regiotn. it, is a place
ui nsttrpass;edi!II itatutiral beauity, its ipeoplc ate hoslpitatlfl U 11( social, nind
thtis society. wh~eu or-nudtzed, cati cotrtltlly in-vite aIll snifers seeking relief to um ike M-lckI rIta 4: lan-thIe,, Nat ion al Pat k-a vrisit.'
Onl motiont, it, na rsolved thatt this orga-nizatiotm shatl be knowvn as
time 'We -tertt I i3t Fever, 1A,,SocatfionL'
A ectistituti tia \a.s theti adiopted. after wvhieh the followving officers
wer-e eleete I for the yer1867
LPresidettt-Mj.i Geo,. L~. llarriingrton. Watseka. IllsQ. Vice PresidentsGeoi A. C. Fttlet_!. Btilvider-e, Ilk; OGrattt Goodrich, Chmi''ag-o, Ils;E. P.
1I~rildhc D. D)., W~akesltit. Wis.; )Mrs. A. AL. Titeketr. Elkharnt. Itnd.: Mrs.
IsabellIa IRottev- lDetroit, AMic.; Alt'-s. 0. F. Clark, Fltvs-hitng, A~lih. Tremisturer-Fratik Tittmnet:, B~elvidere, Illk.  (Jotrespotndin- Secretary- G. D.
V. Rtollo, Cfmeboygan, AI1.eh. Recording Secretary-il. IV. Kiing Chicago, Ili1S.
Articele S of the cotnstittution pr vides tha-t the annual election of office-rs sltitlt be hiell at MNackinaic Island, Alich., on the first M1onday in
September ini each veatr.
After 4a general blowhiti of noses, the followingm was then sung:
Oh. thre grolded days ot subber,
Of which time p~oets sidg,
Whted thea graid is r'eadly ripedded,
And the qiiaid is od the widgr;
Wihet the bowvers ceaseless frettidgr,
Lay low the fields of hay.
Thed, ohl, for the wvidgs of a dove to fly
Ciroaus-Then ctib, brothers, came, and joid id the sodg,
Octlober frasts are cubbing —ob, they wotn't be berry Mod.
Oh, the bellow dtt3ys Of auttib,
With the orchards beddidg drowd,




98.98  ~  1MACKINAC MSAY1J SUPPEXAWY7'.


BY the'( I ciCOIIs fruits 111)(1 theb,
Whe(1 the street throug~ohouti thre towd
Fill the eyes with (1u14 anlI Cidlders-,
wVhed e'u1 thle, b, —ales od the trees,
Are sugrgestive to eacti patied
Of:i tearid.., wheezy sneeze.
CHORUtS1)0w farewell to lotiod1s, e51)ics,
Farewell to biniite sneezes.
Spasbodie astrhba (lervoullS coug(h,
Sood cu~b the coolidg breezes,
WVith haippy lights t hat one eadl sleep
A-, oci.a bed of roseQ.
Oh. blow, ye coolidog biecezes blow
So we'll (lot blow our doses.
At the concl usion of the soug the mne Im)Crs were all in tears.  There
iIp)0O a, bottle of asthima reinelly waS dlranki in silence. and dry
handkerchiefs passed aro~u A.d.
Upon motion, tihe mneeti ng theni adjouirned.
LI. A. -HANIYAN, Secretary.
In -addition to the benefits to be derived by a stay upon Hipe V0;nid the
hygleulc influence of the journey there otn the splendid steamers plyling
froma our main ports on the lakes is to be eonsidlered. While en route.
inuhaling the inspiring, air of the lakes, and enjoying the motion ot thie
vessel, and wvith the eveur varying conditions of the trip, you feel a new
tidal wave of life sweep over your frame, and wvhent you leave the island,
after a stay there of a few weeks, you feel like '-a strong manl ready to
run at race."' This is dably the general concurrent testimony of those who
"-have been there."




MACKINAC DIRECTORY.


I. Official.
COUNTY OFFICERS.
Jolivi Biddle - Coutiry C1'ik.
Thomas Cliamnbers-Comaity nieasui er.
H1. A. N. 1' d'-Reoi!-er of Deeds.
Peter MeNally-SheriIE.
Georgre W~euidtI1-Juidge of Probate.
James S. Douglass-Cirenit Cotn- Commissioner.
F. D. Ketclitni-Ju~stice of the -Peace.
Felix (adietix-Justice of' the Peace.
Benoii Laciaucee-Justice of the Peace.
Patrick McCan-ti Justiee of' the Peace.
TOWNSHIP SUPERVISORS.
James Lasley-Ilolmes Tlow nship.
Jamues S. Dotuglass-INorain Towvnsh~p.
C. Chamubers-Sr. zIiace Township.
E. C. Gaskill-Holmnes Township.
VILLAGE OFFICERS.
E. C. Gaskill-President.
N. BiddlIe-Recorder.
James Hobat-Treasurer.
W. Marshall-Marshal.
Ja-mes 1lobani-Assessor.
GARRISON OF FORT MACKINAC.
Ma.-j. Jos. Bush, U. S. A.-Commanding Officer.
C3spt. J. V. Detlantie, Surgeon, U. S. A.-Post Surgeon.
Company C, 22d U. S. Infantry-Garrison.
POSTOFFICE.
James Lasley-Postmaster.




1OO               LA C:KLVAi? ISLA ND S UPPLE'MENT.
U. S. CUSTOMS.
JAme-s 1.ile-  pi~     oll-ector of Customs.
CHIURCHIES.
St. Anm~z. Rfomnan Ca,-tbolie-11ev. JLieker, Pastor.
Protestant E~piseopal-Rev. WV. G. Stoiiex, Rtector.
IND'EPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMTPLARS:
Mackiniae Lodge-Mleets every Tues-da;y cve-Ai'g In Court H1ouse.
II. Miscellaneous.
i-OTrELS.
MisAion Hlouse-E. A. Fra nks. (See ii vertisemnents-).
Palmer Ilouse-M irs. Louik Jo~lle. (See advertisement).
L-ike View flotise-M-rs. RI. Chapman. (See aldvertisemcixt).
Islmind House-Capt. II. Vanti Allen.,
Jolnt1 Jacob Astor Houise-Ja-rmes F. Cable.
Commrcial- ho0u-se-Felix Cadileux.
PHYSICIAN.
Dr. John R. Balley-Physic'an and Suirgeon.
sTORES. &c.
Fen ton & W~endell 1-idiati Cuiriosities and Geiieral Mer-chaindise. (See
ad~vertisemen Q.
J. R. Bailey & Co.-Druggists and General Merchandise. (Sec advertisemnent).
J1. WV. Davis-General Mereh.a ndise. (See advertisement).
W. W~etdell-Genier.d M,(nerhandise and Indiuin Curiosities.
D. Murri-ay-Genieral. Met clindise and Indian Curiosities.
S. Hhighstone-Gncnral MIerchandise umd Indlian Citriositie'z.
Geo. Truscott-Gerieral Merchandise and Indi:, Curiosities.
Crone & Dortne:, —Groeerv anid Bake r,.J
Capt. J. Bennett-Fiish, Sal1t anld Coald.
J Dingrmati-Fresh Fish DevIlar.
J. & J. Hioban-Live-.y Stable.
M1. Muicrone-Liv cry Stable.




EDITORIAL BUSINESS NOTES OF ADVERTISERSO


CHEBOYGAN.
iioTELS.
TilE SPE~,NCER TIotusE-, Win. Speic,~r. proprietor. is a neat, commnodious,
first class hotel.  Thie pw,).rol neor is:n att entile. obliging host, and
"knows how to keep at hotel." TIho Ilonse will recommenld it- 1".
N EWSPA PERS.
THE. Nowr~i-ir-RN TamumuNF is a live IteptllbliCanl vve!kly paper. eiited
by W~in. Chandler. Esq. Its e litoriali; are v-i-orouins ud enterprtising-,
and have lone tin eh I'or Clichoyg -:  v'ill~ite andi votnitvt.  It is newsy,
flnd~ the advertisemevnts are wveli dlisplayed.  Tiecy ate prepaured. to dlo
first, class book and jot.) pilintiig-, liaviii ample faeflitle~z. They atre the
priniters of this History.  llThe office is ott the corner of Ma.-in and
Division st-reets.
THE Ciii~IAoYGAN FR~E' PREss is a.n earinest Democratic wveelily pa'er,
edited by Jamies J. Brown. Es-q., aul l)ublishied by Mes~srs. Bentley&
Brown. It is wvell COndLoctel, mi11 affords interesdngic readhing matter to
its nnimerons subscribers, Tie oftbee is on M1aui near Division str_-et.
GENERAL, MERCHANDISE.
Mtl. PoRTeRt 'A. LATIIIiop keeps an extensive -assortment of (dry
go(lodS, fiancy goodls, millenerv, elarpets, ready imidec clothing, groceries,crockery, &c., and sells ait the lowest priles,  Ilie has also tbr sale valtiable trac~ts of farming lanttd.  N4ew  brick store. Mlaii strt(e. t abovc
Division.
MNESSRs. MAIC RTHUII, SMITHT & Co. are talso extensive detalers in gener~al merehiamidise, flour, feed aind lumber; cand have for sale tr:.e's of
valualble pinie hands, and teal. estate in the village.  Store and MMlS
upper end of Malin street.
Mlftssizs. GALLIGHFR & MlCDoNALD keeps a (mill line of groc~res and
provisions, cannied and greet. fritits in season, superior oysters, tobacco.,
and ciga-rs. Store on Mau-ti street above division.




102


EDITORIAL BUSINESS NOTES.


MR. S. NEIPOTH deals in dry goods, grlceeries, crockery, floulr and feed
antl sells at relasonable lstes. Store ol Mailn stre-.t above Division.
MR. C. BELLANT carries a good stock of general dry goods, groceries
atnd notions. Prices low. Store on Third street,..east side of the river.
MR. S. LEOAULT has quite an extensive stock of (Iry goo 1i. groceries.
boots and shoes, crockery, &c., w ithl a goo(d ass(ortmelnt of each.  Store
on Third street east side of Main.
MESSRS. NILSON & BULLEN keeps on h:lnd gener;il merclhandise(. dry
goods, gruceries, boots and shoes, clothing, &c. Also m:lanufacturers of
lumber. Store corner ot Mail a nd Nelson streets.
BOOTS AND SHIOES.
MR. J. M. ZORN deals in boot a:d shoc work solely.  Custom  work
made to order. Store on Main street above Pine.
FURNITURE.
MESSRS. E. SPILLER & Co. keeps on hand and makLes to order a general assorment of turniture and cabinet w\ork. stuch aIs bed room sets,
desks, picture frames, &c. Also attends to undertaking business. Give
them a call when you need anything in their line. Store on Main street
above Elm.
HARDWARE.
MESSRS. POST & VAN ARSDALE ldeal extensively in general hardware,
ooth heavy anld shelf, anything from a first class stove to a gimnp tack
you can doubtless obtain there, and at satisfactory prices. Store on Maill
street below Division.
JEWELRY.
MR. A. FEXER keeps on hand a good assortment o -clocks. watchle;
and jewelry, also a full line of stationery. His aim is to sell reasonably
and give satisfaction to customers. Store on M'ain street below Elm.
STATIONERY.
MR. C. A. BRACE. Postmaster, keeps a general assortment of counting house stationery. Blank books, lines of writing papers, &c. Will
furnish anything in his lile, not. in stock, on short notice.  Store at the
postoffice, Main street.
PHYSICIANS.
DR. A. M. GEROW, graduate of Buffalo Medical College, is the oldest
practioner in the county, and has made his profession a decided success,




EDITORIAL BusINESS NOTES.10


I 03


both in paithology andl in sultrgery. 0C.ca  i  rgstr     te~iv)
31aiii street.
1 ) i t. T~i~ iA. PERRtIN. gradua1 —te Of t~l( Srate LUidvor~t v. Almt Atbor,
has quiten eu xteie-ive p~raclice. Ile is welread up[ hIn the best literattire
of hlis rt~o      Ollice on 'Mauui street, above E'li.
D Ii. F..1I. Po0 1ttF I E. Lra d uu, ate o f thIe unIIi vers.;i ty ot fMN ouilpt )eli ir. Trolio u Se,
France. hoolds a m111111 r ot' first-class foreign testitnoilals ats aI physilIan,
of' ability,  Ilie hjas aI good prict ice.
Dl)1IUGS, EXPRESS AND TELEGRAII'h OFFICES.
M1R. C. NV. FARRt. Cenltra11 I )iug4- Store,, cowrter Ma01 lt,:ui Elmz streets,
kepsl)i h ill fntiti of ' mus.ami (itgt  miire.dh     sale i~tac
of the Wvestern Unionl Teb grlaph aoul avent. of MeC(Jure & (;o.'s Express.
otflces at the dii gp stoic. Kinid in I obliging. Call ol (Charlie.
ATTORtNEYS AT LAWV.
WVATTS S. [TuMPHriu-y. EsQ., is aI tian of' Sticcess ill his profession, a id
an enite pm-n   i zno     evlae       ~   a   aios t racts of valuiable
laud, both p~iie and ul ig t o tn f le Otlicc onl Miain streetabove Thfird.
LAND ANI) REAL AGENTS..Ma. R. PATT'EltsoN own~s amid has for sade jitmeroiiq large andI small1
t]ractsc, of, vn'talole pinle atid fatningc land inl Che~biyg wil anid:.ldjoiiing
coutiiies; 'also eligrible Village lots.  Houses to rent.  Office ott MIalu
st reet altoove Tliirdl.
MR. W. BARTttomx01InW ioes a gefnera-l real estate and collection;
ag14eitey busirie,.s.  Has hotuses to tent. W~iltl attetid to paying taxes for
lparties distant. This sarves imuch inceonvenience and expense.
PAINTER.
MR. CIIARLF-s F. SOUTtIOM1 is a flirst, class painter, grainer And glazier.
Ilie aims to (lo honest work at reasonable prices, le also does knlio_
mitning, and paper hanging.
FOUNDRY AND MACHINE SHOP.
MESSRS. PERRYv & WATSON:tle' prepared to consti uct first class steam
enigines for tougs, lumber and1 other mills. and imike castings lIn iron aend
brass; talso attend lpromptlyto, and do hli a workmanlike manner, any repaIrs needed lIn machInery.  Benton Iroza Works, Main street above
Pine.




104


104EDITOI7FAL BUS INESS' NOTES


MRt. 0. S. CLARKi does gcenral bIa-ksmiln ling and hoi-se shovitig, oti0-.
Shop oil IMaui strect above Pine.
1I ARN E~'SS.
3,1it. JT. C. INI11vUGs oukep 1  VVII goo0d 51 OCk of han S'.. sdlelry
and c.irriacge trim ining-s.  Does repal rs J:omtlv ad gr vuc,~ satisfactioni:
Ca-II t1p1)01 hilli. Maiii strect IIe-Xt I) the, I)JstOllice.
TONSORI AL.
MFSStS  oot~&  (:ss~~i  retrpire    to (10 anythingr" in) their
lint-, 'sh11iviiig, Inir-1-etittitigr, dyehiiig &c. They also keel) geiiis' col firs,
cuffs aid other not iiios. T1hey:tie, ehi ighi g, clever meci, atind know the
art. Shop oni -Maui' Street above ffid
Mit. & Muis. W. ii. KEI,,iAY. fieside being4- g-ocod bar-ber-s ar-e also skiffftil hair wvor-kers. TIhey:iko keepj v: ionis prep wait tno for p.roinot ion of
the gwrowth of the hair. TIhey:ils,.o have tor sale geints' coillars, cuffes, &e.
Shop corner of Ma~in and Th"irA streecs.
MILL!, L NER11Y.
mits. 1. S. I1UCKiINS, pr-: ~cical m1illiner. See Advertisement.
IE MLOCK EXTIRA;CT' WOR'%KS.
MEtssRs. NEWTON. E'LIf~S & CO. aire dohing a'f extensive. buisines"s ill thle
nautufiactinring andi;h1ipping ot extra,-ct (of hemflock. There are-( bit fewv
factories!in the UnitedI Statesi equalling, I Ids One M magnhtude or 1)10-o
dvicts. The fanctory is locited Ont thle W(ves.t side of Mullet Like.  The
oflice is at the store of Mr. A. P. Newtoni, Main street below 'lhir(1.
TEAMa PLEASURE' YAC1Tr AN 1) IVATE R I MPROV EM~'1ETNJS.
Mut. F. M. SAMIMONS has for- ch-arter or hire, his, fast sailing') steamn yacht
Minnie F. Suttoni; alio Lakes contr'acts tor wvater navigratioi' and h~arbor
di edging. Piling -andi bridging. Mitch credit, is due Ml. Sammnons for
his enter prise and sticceas in connection with the hifiand lakec navhigtiou
of Cheboygan antid Emmet counties.
MACKINAC ISLAND.
uOTELS.
Tin-MISSION HOUSE, E. A.. Franks, proprietor,, Mackinac Island,
Mich., is the first class hotel of the Island. Every effort is made by the




EDITORLTAL BUSINESS NOTES.10


105


anrllitul proprtie"0o aiid his exe ln  lilY to Make their guests comflortable, tainl fIntititalkiii th., Ia r k inown suiperior reputatioii of the hoiiw. flere
yo'~Il meet with i he best soviety~ Irloin variolus parts of thle Ulionl.
TI IE' LAKE. VIEW  1U'F )ls.I -M P. Chaipmi.ln  proj~rietres-s, MNIavkinac
Islainl. i, a very pleasaiit. qutiet house,  It, is wAell kept, comfortal le:uel
coiverfient. to the steambhoatl liiihiriir.
THE PALM ER Iiim.Ms         4iti.-.Jollie. proIui'er —: is a faivorite
hotel, sitiat ed near t le,teaiilibmit 1i iiliiig. It. is a Wvell hkejt establishmneii I.~rvellfoit is imtide to phietze antn makile the gtiests comfor~table.
INI)IAN C URIOSITI[ES, &c.
MESaSR. 1FENITON & WVENDEMi, have rveetitv ereeteIl ti Very hlid-zilorne
Store oii MI)i I.  i siret. whiere I hey kivep onl Iaaiid.-1 stil) C 1 st, ct of IIIdlini iic1irioSitilest I ake Stamerior aga it(s. eti iosit ies hra nf Niat,;rr Falls. sea
shellsq. &C., alo  hiut sivc1 of steresiopilc v-sof' o~j. cts. ot initerest oni
Mlackitiac Isla iid; a iso a Iiil) lhia of ureiieri I tineichiiidise. Give t hew a,
c~all tit their rntinamotli store.
GENER~AL MER(,1ANDISE,.
Mtt. J. WV. DAVIF, haIVilla bt)itght outi the stock or the bIte A. B. Madi~oti ate) aelded it tohi owti. has tiow  a. lar-~e si-ok  of dry goodsi,
gioceries cro)ckery. &e., mtid is falomajug: heaIVY buisiness. Youi Will finid
himir obliginig aniti his ehartges moderate.
I)RUGS ANI) GENEIItAL MERChIANDISE.
MESSRtS. JOHN It. BAiLE-Y & Co. keep a hll) line of drugios and a good
stock of oetieraih in. rehatidiseand1( stationery.  Di. J. R. Ba-iley is it
physician of ability, having h~id Imuiu prat.tice both in the United States
arimv tind inl ci vil lire. He wvill attendl ealls promnptly amid treat skillfully all eases cfainmitted to his care.
FISH., COAL, AND SALT STORES.
CAPT. JAMEs BENNETT, Sit., deals largely in flih, coal, salt, &c. Warc —
house oti his wharf.
DETROIT.
MARBLE AND GRANITE MlONUM3ENTS, TOMBSTONES, &c.
M4EssRS. AvERY, PATTERSON & Co., No. 250 Woodward avenue, De.
trait, keep on b~and or imuke to order graite or marble monutmeuits,
tombstone, &c. They are agents also for the Bodwell and Hallowell




106


106      EDITOIITAL BU&AJ4NESS NOTES.


* graulte qua-rrics of 'Mnitne besidles other justfly ceilebrated quarri1-es. M1r..Avery. of this fli-in. suplplies t 1w, goraujle for the ciurt 110U~-e Midit custom
hoiie iii Chtich.itttti, Obio.:-iuulfit tui-hed the gra'itie for 1i1e tow'' r,:itchoirge, inod abuttments or the Etist river bridgwe, New Yorii.  Call Oul
them for good work ait reastisaible ctiauges.
BUSINESS COLLEGE.
THEi MAY11E~v BusmiN.ss CoLLE.,GE. Detroit, M1ic!i., lloul. Ira Ma-yhlewI,
A. MN, Pri-sidlent, is 'a first class iust itutiou for the edlucat ioul of voumg
umeu ill the best priticip~les atud j)rzac'ice of' book-ki epuig.(1  Pre4identt
Mah11ew's "'ySten has r-eceived the 1110. cordial commntridactimi of ut mny
of the mostr. emineuit inert of t~he co)utntry, nuiotg whout ate Rev. Bishop)
11. 1)., LL. D.; lioni. T1. M. Cooley, Pr-ofe~ssor (if Law iii Utiivct-,tttv of
Mliohtigau, also ntumerotis wvell kitowVo  uuliVC'1tsif, COllege-'  Mid( JIublie
Fchool protessors atul teachers. His c-olleg,(e sumctis conspicuomotly tort h
itt its sottud puiticiples:11(1 prnctic.il ease of ihistrtoctioul:is thle par excellence itistitittiotin for youtig meti needing, thora~ugl flie Iss for1 tLIMeS-S
tul butsintess l'11e.
ALPENA.
HOTELS.
TUE, ALPENA ho1usE, Johtn Potvin, pitoprietor, is the first class hotel
in Alp~etta. Milic, Good accommotlatiotis, reasotnable cihargcs, ati oblighig
WAs. Give him acal
WASHINGTON9 D. C.
PATENT ATTORNEYS.
114D~. D. P. HOLLOWAY, eX-CommD6i~sioer Of Patents, is it reliable attorliey iii patent Qtlses, a geittlematn of -ability and~ fully cou'Velsatlit With
all matters conitected with the patetit bu~siness.




I




/








I
0
1
i
I
I
I
I
I
11
I