SCt IJ,,7r4 &'(z 7b1~~~a a4ti THE FIRST BOOK OF ETYM0OLOGY, DESIGNED TO PROMOTE PRECISION IN THE USE, AND FACILITATE THE ACQUISITION OF A KNOWLEDGE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. Air Beglthmtr. BY JAMES LYND, PROFESSOR OF BELLES LETTRES IN DELAWARE COLLEGE. REVISED EDlTl'ON. PHILADELPTIIA: E. C. & J. BIDDLE, 6 SOUThI FIFTH ST. 1853. TO TEACHERS. "THe FIAfT BOOK0 oF ETYMOLOGY," by JAMES LYND, A. AM., was published by the subscribers in the year 1847, and is now extensively in use in the Public and Private Schools of our country. Among the former class the publishers may designate those of Philadelphia, Baltimore, New York, Brooklyn, Williamsburgh, &c. Although the most gratifying evidences of the benefits resulting from the use of this book have been continually received by the publishers, they have yet sought, from competent instructors well acquainted with the subject, suggestions for its improvement. The improvements thus suggested, and many others of importance, are believed to be incorporated in " The First Book of Etymology," by Dr. JOSEPH THoMAS, just issued from the press. The principal distinguishing features of this work, as compared with that of Mr. Lynd, may be briefly stated thus:1. The rules for the formation of English derivative words, by means of suffixes, are simplified, and the exercises under them arranged in an improved form. 2. The meanings of the prefixes and suffixes of Latin and other origin are more accurately given and fully explained. 3. The exercises designed to familiarize the pupil with the meanings of the prefixes and suffixes of Latin and other origin are much better adapted for the attainment of the proposed object than those in the work of Mr. Lynd, and will commnend themselves to the favor of the thorough teacher. 4. The main part of the work, which contains the principal Latin, Greek, and other roots of our language, arranged in alphabetical order, with the more important English words derived from each placed under it and defined-has been prepared with great care; and it is believed that in every case where the etymological or literal differs from the proper or usually accepted meaning of the English derivative, such difference is explained. The great value of this feature will be fully appreciated by every competent instructor. The Latin and Greek roots in this part of the work are arranged together, in alphabetical order, as being more easy of reference for the pupil than when placed in two separate parts, as well as for other reasons. 5. By means of distinetive types, the portion of the definition corresponding with the prefix and root, or root and suffix respectively, of each illustrative word occurring in the chapter devoted to an explanation of the meanings of prefixes and suffixes, is clearly designated; and, in the same manner, in the main part of the work, containing the English derivatives placed under their appropriate roots, the prefix, root, and suffix occurring in the same word, and the portion of the definition corresponding with each part, is clearly distinguished. 6. The few pages "on the derivation of English words from the Latin through the French" have been transferred to the revised edition of "Lynd's Class Book of Etymology," as being more appropriate for the use of advanced classes than for beginners. They do not, therefore, appear in the work of Dr. Thomas. 7. The Key is substantially the same as that in the work of Mr. Lynd. 8. The work of Mr. Lynd is comprised in 215 pages, large duodecimo; that by Dr. Thomas in 261 pages of the same size; the price of the fomer work to teachers is $3.20 per dozen; that of the latter, $4 per dozen. _- The publishers will forward a copy of " Thomas's First Book of Etymology," by mail, to such teachers or directors of schools as shall request it for examination, and send with said request postage stamps to prepay the postage on said book; which is, on a copy sent not over 500 miles from Philadelphia, eleven cents; over 500 miles and not over 1,500 miles, twenty-two cents; over 1,500 and not over 2,500 miles, thirty-three cents. f- E. 0. & J. B. still publish "Lynd's First Book of Etymology," so that teachers using it in their classes may continue its use, if they desire, or may introduce the work by Dr. Thomas, if preferred, as they find it convenient so to do. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1847, by E. C. & J. BIDDLE, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States in and for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Stereotyped by L. Johnson & Co., Philadelphia. Printed by T'.. & P. G. Collins. PREFACE. TIIE present volume is the first of a series of books designed as aids to the student of Etymology. Of this series the succeeding volumes are the Class-Book of Etymology, — which is adapted to the wants of the advanced classes in Grammar Schools,-and Oswald's Etymological Dictionary,designed as a text-book for High Schools and Academies, or as a work of reference for schools in general. The First Book of Etymology, as its name imports, is intended for the use of those just entering upon the study. In the Preliminary matter, the compiler has endeavored to impart to the pupil a full conception of the distinction between primitive and derivative, simple and compound words; and, to explain the nature of the prefixes and suffixes, as well as the change they undergo in combining with the root. The pupil should be required to study this portion of the work thoroughly before he is permitted to proceed. The meaning of the prefixes and suSfixes,-an acquaintance with which is indispensable for the successful prosecution of the study of Etymology,-is fully illustrated in Part I. The Exercises contained in this part of the work are believed to be well. calculated to fix permanently in the pupil's memory the subject matter contained in them. Part II. comprises the principal'Latin and French roots, arranged in alphabetical order, with the more simple words derived from them, defined and placed under their respective roots. Part III. is devoted to the Greek roots and their derivatives, defined and arranged as those in Part II. It has been thought proper thus to separate the Greek fibom the other roots, because the words derived from them 3 4 PREFACE. are by no means familiar to the young pupil, and in their combinations with prefixes and suffixes, as well as in the formation of the compounds, present much greater difficulty than the words included in Part II. Having mastered Part II., the pupil, it is presumed, will have become so well acquainted with the study as to be able to proceed through Part III., with comparative ease. The table showing the changes which Latin words underwent in their transition to French, it is believed, will not be unacceptable to those who may make use of the book. This portion of the work is not designed to be committed to memory by the pupil; but he may refer to it with profit, as he progresses in the study of Part II. The Key, which is a feature peculiar to this series of Etymological text-books, it is confidently believed, will be found a valuable assistant to those employed in teaching as well as those engaged in studying Etymology. In the hope that this little volume may prove serviceable to those for whose use it is designed, the compiler submits it to the examination of teachers. Philadelphia, March, 1847. In the revision of this work for a second edition, it has been deemed advisable to refer to the text and copious notes of Oswald's Etymological Dictionary, to exhibit the primitive or etymological meaning of the English words defined in Parts: II. and III., when the usual acceptation of these words differs from their literal meaning; and to place at the command of the pupil definitions of scientific and technical terms, more full and precise than the limits of this book would allow. These references are made by means of an 0 placed after the word whose signification is explained. Every teacher using the First Book of Etym6logy or the dlassBook of Etymology as a text-book for his pupils, it is believed will find it advantageous to have in his school, for reference, at,east one copy of Oswald's Etymological Dictionary. THE FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. PRELIMINARY DEFINITIONS. ETYMOLOGY iS that science which explains the true origin ana derivation of words, with the view to ascertain their radical or primary signification. Through it we learn that hopeful is derived from hope by affixing ful, which means full of; that fearlessly is derived directly from fearless, by affixing the adverbial termination ly, and remotely fiom fear, since fearless is itself formed by affixing to fear the termination less, which means without; and that unconsciousness is formed from conscious by prefixing un, meaning not, and affixing ness, which signifies state of being. Etymology of the English Language treats of the true origin and meaning of English words. English words are either Primitive or Derivative. A Primitive word is one that is not derived from any other word; as sweet, rough, run, take. A Derivative word is formed from a Primitive word by adding or prefixing a syllable; as sweeten, roughly, forerun, retake. The Radical or Essential part of a word is called a Root; as, care, in careful; see, in oversee; dorm, in dormant; vene, in convene. A Root is modified or altered in sense by putting a syllable before it or after it. Thus, the root do becomes undo; hold, uphold; vide (L. to see), provide; clud- (L. to shut), exclude; by placing a syllable before the root. And child becomes childless; turn, turning; anim- (L. life), animate; reg- (L. to rule), regent; by placing a syllable after the root. When the syllable is placed before the root it is called a Prefix When the syllable is placed cfter the root it is called a Suffix. The following exercises are intended for further illustration of the foregoing definitions. 1, 5 6 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. I. The words in the first column are primitive words or roots; those in the second are prefixes; and those in the third derivatives, which result from a combination of the two former. Sight fore foresight. Bitter im imbitter. Deed mis misdeed. Wear out outwear. Come over overcome. Bar un unbar. Able un unable. Go under undergo. Fix pre prefix. Draw with withdraw. Join ad adjoin. Date ante antedate. Place dis displace. Line inter interline. Build re rebuild. Fine super superfine. II. In the following exercise the middle column contains suffixes. Civil ize civilize. Child hood childhood. Silk en silken. King dom kingdom. Base ness baseness. Knave ry knavery. Clerk ship clerkship. Abet or abettor. Duck ling duckling. Bond age bondage. Art ist artist. Team ster teamster. Chariot eer charioteer. Find er finder. Drunk ard drunkard. Faith ful faithful. Boy ish boyish. Joy less joyless. War like warlike. III. In the following list, primitive words, and the two classes of derivative words are mingled. It is expected that the pupil will so FORMATION OF DERIVATIVE WORDS. study it that, when called upon, he will be able to distinguish the primitive from the derivative words, and also show how the latter are formed. Full, feel, overhear, runner, childish, fearless, regain, night, gloomy, perilous, cheerful, withstand, unfit, reform, understand, foresee, interview, overlook, blow, soon, heavy, songster, roamer, stealing, disjoin, peerage, prejudges unhorse, sick, brightness, godlike, home, oar, golden, remove, lordly, troublesome, idolize, mistake, forehead, eye, sand, hearty, underbid, outmarch, overboard, hard, coldness. RULES FOR THE FORMATION OF DERIVATIVE WORDS BY MEANS OF SUFFIXES. In adding suffixes to radical words, as a general rule, no change takes place in the form of the latter. There are instances, however, in which the final letters of the primitive word are omitted or changed, or other letters introduced; and the following rules are given to show the pupil under what circumstances such changes take place. RULE I. The final e of a radical word is usually rejected, when the suffix commences with a vowel; as, move-ing, moving; sale-able, salable; please-ure, pleasure. RULE II. The final consonant of a monosyllable, if preceded by a single vowel, is doubled before a suffix beginning with a vowel; as, bag-age, baggage; spot-ed, spotted. RULE III, The final consonant of a word of more than one syllable, if ac-,ented on the last syllable and preceded by a single vowel, is loubled before a suffix beginning with a vowel; as, debar-ed,!ebarred; occur-ence, occurrence. RULE IV. The final y of a radical word, when preceded by a consonant, s generally changed into i, before a suffix, whether beginning with a vowel or a consonant; as, happy-ness, happiness; story-ed, storied, 8 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. RULE V. The final y of a radical word, when preceded by t, is generally omitted before a suffix beginning with a or o; as, purity-an, puritan; felicity-ous, felicitous. RIjE VI. Words ending in f or fe often change f into v, when they receive a suffix beginning with a vowel; as, mischief-ous, mischievous; wife-es, wives. EXERCISES UPON THE FOREGOING RULES. In the fol,,wing exercises the roots are placed in the first column; the suffixes in the second; and the third column must be filled up by the pupil with the derivative words formed by combining the words in the first and second columns. EXERCISE I. Rome an Refuse al Centre al - Execute ive Juice y Lie ar Globe ule Serve ant Sphere oid - Reside ent Amuse ing Cure able EXERCISE II. Hope ing, Seize ure Preside ent - Shine ing Bake er - Shade ed Create. or Nerve ous Pole ar - Irritate ion Compose ure ---- Lyre ist EXERCISE III. Run er - Beg ar Glad en - Rot en Hop ing - Rag ed Lug age - Fit ed Dot ed - Blot er Mud y - Stop age FORMATION OF DERIVATIVE WORDS. 9 ExERcIsE IV. Commit ee Crystal ine Confer er Intermit ing Admit ance - Abhor ence Fulfil ing - Control er Recur ence' Metal ic Abet or - Concur ent EXERCISE V. Bounty ful Embody ed - Dizzy ness - Weary some Dirty er - Busy ness Easy est - Pity less Body less - Glory ous Likely hood --- Gloomy ly EXERCISE VI. Leaf es Charity able Loaf es - Calamity ous Grief ous - Annuity ant Knife es - Dignity ary Necessity ous Iniquity ous ExERCIsE VII. This involves all the six rules, and is intended as a final test of the accuracy of the pupil's knowledge. Ton age - Sum ary Weighty ness - Fortune ate - Assure ance Sheaf es Recur ed - Speculate ion Pollute ion - Duty ful Excel ence - Abuse ive Harmony ous - Occur ence Wool en - Envy ous Observe ant - Aspire ate Wag ing ----- Happy er Discipline ary Slave ish Verity able Mystery ou s Early est - Immerse ion Life es - Felicity ate Adverse ary - Coral ine Fop ish - Staff es Compose ure - Comply ant Elegy ac Globe ule COMPOUND WORDS. BESIDES those words consisting of a root, and prefix or suffix, there are a great many in every language, which are formed by combining two or more roots or words. Such words are called Compound Tfords. Thus, by putting pen and man, together, we have a new word, penman; and by joining whale and bone, we have whalebone. In the same way horseman is formed from horse and man; goldsmith, from gold and smith; beehive, from bee and hive, &c. Most of our compound words have been derived from the Latin and Greek languages, and learned men are continually adding to the English tongue words of this class. Thus, aqua, water, and ductum, to lead, upon being united and slightly changed in form, produce aqueduct, a pipe or other construction for leading or conveying fwater; philos, a lover, and anthropos, a man, produce philanthropist, a lover of man or of mankind, &c. In this process of compounding words, the original form of the root is very seldom preserved. This can be readily seen in the above derivations: ductum loses its final syllable tnm and becomes duct; philos, suffers a similar loss, and becomes phil; and anthropos becomes anthrop, the ist in philanthropist being merely a suffix. Analogous changes of the form of the root may be observed in carnivorous, from carnis, (Gen.) flesh, and voro to eat; centipede, centum, a hundred, and pedis, (Gen.) the foot; chronometer, chronos, time, and metrum, a measure. Very few English words, even of those that are not compound, retain the forms of their Latin or Greek roots. Thus, the root of apt, is aptus; of art, artis (Gen.); of sphere, sphwara; of scruple, scrupulus, &c. For removing the difficulty which this modification of the root occasions to the-pupil, a very simple arrangement has been made use of in the present work, as well as in the Class-Book of Etymology and Oswald's Etymological Dictionary. A hyphen ( -) is placed between that part of the root which is retained in the English word and that which is rejected. Thus, aptus is written apt-us, and from it are derived apt, unapt, adapt; angello is written angel-lo, and its derivatives are angel, archangel, evangelical;!ecturn is written lect-um, and collect, dialect, elect, lecture, neglect, are words derived from it. PREFIXES, SUFFIXES, AND LATIN, GREEK, AND OTHER ROOTS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. PART I. PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES. I. PREFIXES. IN illustrating the prefixes and suffixes, the literal signification of the words made use of has been followed very closely. Generally this will lead to their exact meaning, but as there are some words which form an exception to this remark, it is recommended that the pupil be required to give a second definition or an application of each word, so that the teacher may be enabled to correct any misconception on the part of the pupil. 1. OF ENGLISH OR SAXON ORIGIN. Signifies on, in, to, or at..JBOARD' —on board..FIRE'-on fire..FOOT- on foot..dGROUND'-on ground. /BED'- in bed..dSLEEP' —in sleep. JFIELD'-tO the field. s.HEAD'-tO the head. L.STERN'-to the stern..fFAR'-at a distance..sIDE.' —at the side. 11 12 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Re, Signifies to make. BecALAI'-to make calm. *BeDAun'B-to daub. *BeDEcK' —to deck. BeDIM' —to make dim. BeFouL'-to make foul. BeNrMB'-to make numb. *BePRINK'LE —to sprinkle. En, Signifies, in, into, or on; to make..EncHAIN'-to put in chains. EncIR'CLE-to put in a circle. EnDAN'GER-to put in danger. EnAcT'-to make into an act. EncAMP'-to form into a camp. EnsHRINE'-oto put on a shrine. EnTHRONE' —to put on a throne. EnA'BLE —to make able..EnDEAR'-to make dear. EnFEE'BLE-to make feeble. Em, Signifies to make, to give. EmBEL'LISH —(beau),t to make beautiful. EmPov'ERISH —(pauper), to make poor. EmPow'iR —to give power to. EmBoD'Y-to give a body to. Fiore, Signifies before. Fore'NooN-the part of day before noon. ForeruN'NER-one who runs before. ForesEE'-to see beforehand. fFore'sIGHT-a seeing beforehand. FioreTRLL' —to tell beforehand. Signifies to make. ImnTIT'TER-to make bitter. * In the words marked *, the prefix has no force, and as the pupil progresses he will find frequent examples of both prefixes and affixes, which do not modify the signification of the words to which they are attached. 1 The words in parentheses are the roots from which the English words are derived. Those marked Gr. will be found in the Part III., the others in Part I1,. PREFIXES. ImBROwN' —to make brown. Impov'ERISH-to make poor. Signifies ill, error, or defect. MiSAvrLY'-to apply in a wrong manner. MisELIEF' —T-wrong belief. MiSCAL'CULATE —-t make a wrong calculation, MiSCoN'DUCT-ill or bad conduct. MisGuIDE'- to guide wrong. MiSPLACE'-to place wrong. Signifies beyond, more than. OUtBsD -to bid beyond or more than another. OutLIVE'-to live beyond. OutNUM'BER-to number beyond. OUtRUN' —to run beyond. Signifies above or over, too high or great. OversuR'DEN-to impose too great a burden. OverFLow'-to flow over. OverLoAD'-to put on too great a load. OverRuN'-to run over or above. OversLEEP' —tO sleep too long, or over the usual time. OversPREAD'-to spread over or above. OverAL'uE —to value at too high a rate. UIn, before a verb, Signifies to take off, deprive of. UnBAR' —to take off the bar. UncHAIN'-to take off the chain. UnCLOTHE'-to deprive of clothes. UncRowN'-to deprive of a crown. UnHINGE'-to take off of the hinge. UnHORasE' —to take off of a horse. UnPIN'-to take out the pin. UnSEAL'-to take off the seal. UnSTITCH'-to take out the stitches. UnyvoiE'-to take off the yoke. EUn, before an adjective, Signifies not UnA'BLE —-not able. UnAC'TIE —- not active. UnaaiRMED' —not armied. 14 FIRST 1BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. UnBORN' —not born. UnBRO'KEN-not broken. UnCER'TAIN-not certain. UlnFER'TILE-not fertile. UnJST' —not just. UnNAT'URAL-not natural. UnroP'uLA —not popular. Undern Signifies beneath or under, less than. UnderBID'-to bid under or less than another. UnderGo' —to go under, to experience. UnderoF'FsER- -an officer under or inferior to another, UndersHER'FF- one who is tender or beneath the sheriEi. UndervAL'UE-to rate under its real value. Signifies from or against. WithDRw'. — to draw from. WithSTAND'-tO stand against. WithinoLD' —to holdfrom. 2. OF LATIN ORIGIN. Signifiesfrom or away. 3vErT'-(verto), to turn from..dVOCA'TION —(vco), a calling away-business 3vuL'sioN —(vello), a tearing away. Signifiesfrom or away. tb'mDIcATE-(dico), to speakfrom..AbERRA'TION —(erro), a wandering away..ib'JEcT-(jacio), cast away../bLU'TIONm-(luo), a washing away../bRADE' —(rado), to rub away. SbRUPT'-(ruptum), brokenfrom or off. qbSOLVE'-(solvo), to loosefrom..bsoB' —(sorbeo), to suckfromor up. dbs, Signifiesfrom or away. /b'siEN — (ens), a being away. PREFIXES. 15.AbSTAIN'-(teneo), to holdfrom. MbSTRAcT'-(traho), to drawfrom. Ad, Signifies to..JdAPT'-(aptus), to fit to. 9dDIJcE'-(duco), to lead to. 2fd'EQUATEe-(equus), equal to..ddHERE'-(h/reo), to stick to. -ddJA'CENT-(jaceo), lying to or near. dIJoIN' —(jungo), to join to..qdoRE' —(oro), to pray to..qdvERT' —(verto), to turn to. A, for Ald,* Signifies to. SsCEND'-(scando), to climb to. sscRIBE' — (scribo), to write or impute too AsPERSE'-(spargo), to sprinkle to or upon. JSPIRE'-(sp2iro), to breathe to..dv'ENvE.-(vefnio), the way of coming to (a place). JIvow'-(votum), to vow to. A9c, for Ad, Signifies to. a.cUEDE' —(cedo), to yield to. 9ccEPT'-(capio), to take to. JlccEss'-(cedo), approach to. Af, for Adg Signifies to. 3fFIx' —(fixus), to fix to. dfFLICT'-(fligo), to strike to or at. dfrFLux- -(flu), a flowing to. Ag, for Ad,9 Signifies to..dg'GRAvATE-'(gravis), to make heavy to. -tg'GRANDIZE-(grandis), to make great to..dgaRxEss'-(gradior), to go to or against. Ao1, for Ad, Signifies to. HLE'VIATE —-(ievis), to make light to. * For the sake of euphony, the form of the prefix is frequently changed. Thus, we have ascend, for adscernd; avenue, for advenue; accept, for adccpt, affirm for adfirm; collect, for conlect, &c. 16 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. ~.1lLUDE'-(ludo), to play or advert to. U.ILU'VIAL-(luo), washing to../lLY' —(ligo), to bind to. An for Ad, Signifies to..LnNEx'-(necto), to tie too dfNI'HILATE — (nihil), to make to nothing..inNOUNcE' —( nuncio ), to tell to..dnrNUL'-(nullus), to reduce to nothing. Ap, for.d, Signifies to. dpPA'RE NT —(pareo), becoming visible to..1pPEND'-(pendeo), to hang to. JapPERTAIN'-to pertain to. IPPROX'IMATE —( prope), near to. Ar, for Ad, Signifies to. R.rRANGE' — (rang), to put to or in order. Vr6ROG'ATE'-(rogo), to ask or assume to (one's self). as, for a.ed, Signifies to. SqSSAIL'-(salio), to jump to or against..LssID'vous-(sedeo), sitting to..dSSIGN'-(Signum), to mark or allot to..9ssIM'ILA'rE- -(similis), to make like to..SSIST' —(SiSto), to stand to..dSSO'cIATE-(socio), to join to. a8sslvE' —(sumo), to take to. At, for Ad, Signifies to..tITAIN' —(tango), to touch to..RtTEND'-(tendo), to stretch to.dtTEsT' — (testis), to bear witness to..ATRACT' —(traho), to draw to. dl1TRIB'UTE-(tribuo), to give or ascribe to. Signifies round or about. lmBITI'oN-(eo), a going about..im'PUTATE-(puto), to cut round or off PREFIXES. 17 Signifies before. J.nteCE'DENT-(cedo), going before..9n'tecHAMBER-a chamber before the main one.dnteDATE' —to date before..dnteDILu'VIAN-(diluvium), before the flood. iJnteMERID'IAN-(mreridies), before midday../nteMUNu'DANE-(mundus), before the world. Circuin, Signifies about or round. CireumsA'CErNI- -(jaceo), lying round. CircumNAV'IGATE-to navigate round. CircumPo'LAR-(polus), about the pole. CircumRoTA'TION-(rota), a whirling round. CircumscRIErn' —(sciribo), to write round. Cir'cumsrEcT-(specio), looking round. Signifies on this side. Cis'ALPINE —- n this side of the Alps. CiS'ATLANTIC —-On this side of the Atlantic. Con, (GUM,) Signifies together or with. ConcAT'ENATE-(catena), to link together. ConcEN'TRATE-(centrum), to center together ConcuR'-(curro), to run together. COnFED'ERATE-(fedus), leagued together. ConFLICT'-(fiigo), to strike together. Con'FLUENCE-(fluo), a flowing together. ConG'REGATE-(grex), to flock together. ConNEcT' —(necto), to tie together. COnSPIRE' —(spiro), to breathe together. ConSTRUCT'- (struo), to build together. COn'TACT —(tango), touch together. ConTEND — -(tendo), to stretch or strive together. ConToR'TION —(tortum), a twisting together. ConTRIB'UTE-(tributum), to give together. ConvENE'-(venio), to come together. ConvERGE'r-(vergo), to tend together ConvoKE' —(voco), to call together. Co, for Con, Signifies together or with. CUoE'QUAL-equal with. 2* 18 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. COE'VAL- (vum), of the same age with. COEXIST'-to exist together. CoHEIR'-one who is heir with another. COHERE'-(hxreo), to stick together. Co-oP'ERATE —(opera), to work with. Ceog, for Con7, Signifies together or with. Cog'NATE-(nascor), born together or wilth. Col for Con, Signifies together or with.. COlLAPSE' —(labor), a falling together. CO1LATE'-(latum), to bring together. COILECT'-(lego), to gather together. COI'LocATE-(loCUs), to place together. Col'LoQvY —(loquor), a speaking together. ColLu'S1oN-((ludo), a playing together. Comn, for Con, Signifies together or with. ComBINE'-(bini), to put two or more things together ComMEN'SURATE-(mensura), measured wzth. Corn'MERcE —(mercor), a trading together. ComMIx'-to mix together. ComMo'TION-(moveo), a moving together. ComPA'TRIOT-a patriot with another. COmPEL'-(pello), to drive with. ComPosE'-(pono), to put together. ComPREss'-(premo), to press together. Cort, for Con9 Signifies together or with. CorREL'AATIvE -relative with. CorROB'ORATE —(robur), to make strong together. CorRoDE'-(rodo), to gnaw together. Contra, Signifies against. ContraDIcT' —-(dico), to speak against or contrary to. ContraPosITl'oN — a position against or opposite to. COntro'vERT-(verto), to turn against. Counter, for Conira,, Signifies against. CounternAL'ANcE-to balance against. CounterIARc' —to march in an opposite direction. PREFIXES. 19 De, Signifies down or from. DeCLINE' —-(clino), to bend down. DeDucE' —(duco), to lead from. DeFEND'-(fendo), to strike down. DeFER'-(fero), to bear from. DeGRADE'-(gradior), to cause to go down. DeJEcT'-(jacio), to cast down. DePEND'-(pendeo), to hang from. DeposE'-(pono), to put down. DePRE'CIATE —(precium), to put the price down. DeR'oGATE-(rogo), to ask or take from. DescEND'-(scando), to climb down. DescRIBE'-(scribo), to write down. DesPAIR' —(spero), to be from or out of hope. I)eTAIN' — (teneo), to hold firom. DeTHRONE'-to take from a throne. De'VIATE-(via), to go from or out of the way. DevoLvE'-(VO],VO), to roll down. Dis, Signifies to take from, away, off, or out; not. DisA'BLE-to render unable. DisARM' —to take away arms. DisBELIEVE'-not to believe. DiSBUR'DEN-to take of a burden. DiSHON'EST —not honest. DisLoY'AL-not loyal. DisOR'DER —to take away order. Dis9 Signifies asunder. DisPEL'-(pello), to drive asunder. DissEcT'-(seco), to cut asunder. DissoLVE' —(solvo), to loose asunder. DisTEND'-(tendo), to stretch asunder. -DisTORT'-(tortum), to twist asunder. DiSTRACT' —(traho), to draw asunder. DisTRIB'/TE-(tributum), to give asunder. D.9 for Dis, Signifies asunder. DiSPERSE'-(spargo), to sprinkle asunder. DiVFRGE'-(vergo), to tend asunder. 20 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. DivERT'-(verto), to turn asunder. DiGREss' —(gradior), to go asunder. DiLUTE' —(luo), to wash asunder. DiMErN'SION-(mensura), the measure asunder. Dif, for Dis, Signifies asunder. Dif'FER-(fero), to bear asunder. DifFUSE-(fundo), to pour asunder. E (Ex ) Signifies out, out of. ExAcT' —(ago), to take or force out of. ExcEPT'-(capio), to take out. PXCITE'-(Cito), to call out. EXCLAIM' —(clamo), to cry out. EXCLUDE'-(claudo), to shut out. EXCVL'PATE-(Culpa), to put out of fault. ExEMPT'-(emo), to buy out of. EXHALE'-(halo), to breathe out. ExIIAUST'-(haustum), to draw out. ExHuME' —(humus), to take out of the earth EXPAND'-(pando) to spread out. ExPEL'-(pello), to drive out. EXPEND'-(pendo), to weigh out. EXPORT'-(porto), to carry out. EXPosE'-(pono), to put out. EXTEND'-(tendo), to stretch out. EXTORT' —-(tortum), to twist out. EXTRACT'-(traho), to draw out. E, for Ex, Signifies out, out of. BULLITI'ON — (bulla), a bubbling out. E'DICT —(dico), what is spoken out. EDUcE'-(duco), to lead out. E'GREss-(gradior), a going out. EJECT'-(jacio), to cast out. ELATE'- (latun), carried out. ELECT'-(lego), to choose out. EL'OQUENT-(loquor), speakihg out. EM'aNATE —(mano), to flow out. EMERGE' —(mergo), to rise out of. EMIT' —(mitto), to send out. EMo'TION —(moveo), a moving out. ERAD'ICATE-(radix), to root out. PREFIXES. 21 ERASE'-( raCdo), to rub out. ERuP'TION-(rumpo), a breaking out. Ec (,x), for Etx, Signifies out, out of. ECCEN'TRIC-(centrum, Gr.), out of the center. EcALocvE-(logos, Gr.), something spoken out. ECS'TASY-(stasis, Gr.), a standing out of (one's mind for joy) Ef, for Ex, Signifies out, out of. EfFACE' —(facies), to take out the face or form. EfFLUX —(fUO), a flowing out. EfFUL'GENCE-(fulgeo), a shining out. iNef'FABLE-(fari), not to be spoken out. Extra, Signifies beyond. ExtraMUN'DANE —-(mundus), beyond the world. ExtraoR'DINARY-beyond ordinary..I, before a verb, Signifies in or into, on or upon. InCLINE'-(clino), to lean into. InCLUDE' —(claudo), to shut in. InCvL'cATE —(culco), to tread in. inCUM'BENT-(cubo), leaning upon. IncuR'-(curro), to run upon. InDUCT'-(duco), to lead into. lnFLICT' —(fligo), to strike upon. ln'FLUX-(dfUO), a flowing in. InFUsE' —(fundo), to pour into. InHALE'-(halo), to breathe in. InHrERE'-(hwreo), to stick in. InHIuME' —(htumus), to put into the ground. InJEcT'-(jacio), to throw into. InsPEcT'-(peCiio ), to look into. InsPIRE'-(spiro), to breathe into. JnsJLT'-(salio), to leap upon. JnTER'-(terra), to put into the earth. InVENT'-(venio), tocome upon. InVOKE'-(Voco), to call upon. Ad, for Ix, Signifies in or on. IlUI'mINATE-(lumen), to put light into. 22 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Iu, for In, Signifies in or into, on or upon. JmMERsE'-(rnergo), to plunge into. JmMuRE' —(?nurus), to put into or within walls., JrnPEL' —(ello), to drive on. I.mPEND' —(pencleo), to hang upon or over. ImPoRT' —(porto), to carry into. ImPosE'-(pono), to put upon. rm'PREcATE-(pree.or1), to pray upon. lmPRIS'ON-tO put in prison. Ir_, for In,, Signifies in or on. IrRA'DIATE-(radius), to throw rays on or upon. Ir'RITATE-(ira), to put in anger. IrRUP'TIoN-(ruptum), a breaking in or into. In, before an adjective. Signifies not. InAC'TIVE-not active. InAN'IMATE-(animna), not having life. JfAR'ABLE-(aro), not to be ploughed. IncAU'TIOUvsnot cautious. IncoM'PETENT — not competent. InCRED'IBLE —(credo), not to be believed. InE V'ITABLE-(vito), not to be avoided. InFAL'LIBLE-(fallo), not to be deceived. In'FINITE-(finis), not or without bounds. JnsANE'-not sane. ]nSIP'ID-(sapio), not having taste. InTES'TATE-(testis), not having a will. g, for In, Signifies not. IgNO'BLE —not noble. IgNoMIN'Iovs-(nomen), not having a name or reputation. II, for In, Signifies not. IlLE'GAL-not legal. I/LEG'IBLE-(lego), not to be read. IILIB'ERAL-not liberal. IlLIc'IT-(liceo), not permitted. llLIT'ERATE-(litera), not having letters or knowledge. irm, for in, Signifies not. ImnMAC'ULATE-(macula), not having a spot. PREFIXES. 2 JmMATURE'-(mnaturus), not ripe. ImMOR'AL —not moral. ImMOR'TAL —not mortal. ImMU'TABLE -(muto), not to be changed. ImPAR'TrIAL —not partial. ImPA'TIENT —- 20t patient. ImPER'FEcT —not perfect. ImPER'vIovU-(vza), not having a way through. Im'PUDENT-(pudeo), not having shame. frr, for In, Signifies not. IrRATI'ONAL —-not rational. 1REFU'TABLE —not to be refuted. JrREG'ULAR-not regular. JrRELIGI'oN-not or want of religion. IrRESIST'IBLE —not to be resisted. Ir'RESOLUTE-not resolute. IrREV'OCABLE-(VOCO), not to be called back. Inter, Signifies between or among. InterFEREn'-(ferio), to strike between. InterJA'cENT —(jaceo), lying between. InterJEc'TION — (jacio), a throwing between. InterLINE'-to make lines between. In'terLvJDE-(ludo), a part between plays. InterMIx' —to mix among. TnterposE'-(pono), to place between. InterREG'Nu-M —(rego), the time between two reignsb inter'RoGATE-(rogo), to ask between. InterRUPT'-(ruptum), to break between. IntersEcT' — (seco), to cut between. IntervENE' —-(venio), to come between. Signifies within. IntroDUcE' —(duco), to lead within. Ob9 Signifies in the way, against, out. Ob'JECT-(jacio), something cast in the way or against ObLIT'ERATE-(litera), to rub out the letters. Ob'LoQuY —(loquor), something spoken against. Ob'sTAcLE-(sto), something standing in, the way. ObTRUDE'-(trudo), to thrust against. Ob'VIATE —(ia), to put out of the way. 24 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Oc, for O., Signifies in the way, up, down. OCCA'SION-(cado), a falling in the way. Oc'cuP —-(capio), to take up. OccUR'-(curro), to run against or in the way. Of. for OeB, Signifies in the way, against OfFEND'-(fendo), to strike against. Of'FER-(fero), to bear in the way. Op., for Ob, Signifies in the way, against. OpPosE'-(pono), to place in the way. OpPRESS' —(premo), to press against. OPPUGo' —(pugna), to fight against. Signifies through or thoroughly. Per'AI'nBULATE —(anmbulo), to walk through. PerEN'NIAL-(annus), lasting through the year. Per'FEcT —( (facio), made thoroughly. Per'FORATE-(f(oro), to bore through. Per'MANENT — (maneo), abiding thoroughly. Per'sEcuTE-.(sequor), to follow through. PersPIRE'-(spiro), to breathe through. PerVADE'-(vado), to go through. PerusE' —(utor), to use through. Signifies after. PostDILU'vIAN-(diluvium), after the flood. Post'iuMous-(humus), after one is put in the ground. PostrERJD'IAN —(meridies), after midday. PostPoNE'-(pono), to put after or off. Post'scRIPT-(scribo), something written after, Signifies before. PrecEDE'-(cecdo), to go before. PrecuR'SOR-(curro), a forerunner. PreDICTr' —(dico), to foretell. PrerER'-(fero), to bear or esteem before. PreFIx-(fixus), something fixed before. PreL,'UDE-(ludo), something before the play. PREFIXES. 25 PrerrATURE-' —(maturus), ripe before or too soon. PrePON'DERATE-(pondus), to weigh before or more than. PresIDE'-(sedeo), to sit before. PrevENT'-(ve nio); to come before. Signifies beyond or past. Pre'terITE-(eo), gone past. PreterNAT'URAL-beyond or more than natural. Pro, Signifies for, forward, forth, or out. ProcoN'suL-one who acts for a consul. Pro'NouN —a word standing for a noun. Prox'Y-(cura), one who does the care or businessfor another ProCEED' —(cedo), to go forward. PrOOMOTE'-(moveo), to move forward. ProPErL'-(pello), to drive forward. Pros'PECT —(speco), the loci or appearance forward. ProDucE'-(duco), to lead forth. Pror'FER- (fero), to bear or hold forth. ProFusE' —(fundo), poured fort/h. ProcLAIM'-:(clamo), to cry out. ProTRAcT' —(traho), to draw out. ProvoKE' —(voco), to call out. Signifies back or ag an, anew. RBeAcTION-action back or in return. ReBIEL'-(bellum), to war back. ReCEDE'-(cedo), to go back. 1ReCLAIM'-(clamo), to call back. ReCLINE'-(clino), to lean back. RecUM'BENT-(cubo), lying back. e'IFLvx-(fluo), a flowingf back. ReFusE' —(fundo', to pour back. RePrLsE' —-(pello), to beat back. JRevoKE' —(VOCc), to call back. ReAN'IMATE —-to animate again.:RecoN'QUERU-to conquer again. RecOUNT'-to count again. Re-ELECT'-to elect again. ReORDAIN'-to ordain agcain. RePuB'LISH —to publish agaain. ResuRE'-(sunmo), to take again. ReTAKE'-to take again. 3 26 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Relro, Signifies back or backwards. RetrocEssIlPo-(cedo), a yielding back. Ret'roGRADE-(gradior), stepping backwards. Ret'rosrPEcT-(specio), a looking backwards. Signifies aside or apart. SecEDE'-(cedo), to go aside. SecLU'sIoN-(claudo), a shutting apart. SeDUcE'-(duco), to lead aside. SeDIT'IoN —(eo), a going aside. Signifies without. Sim'PLE-(pbiCO), without fold. SincERE' —(cera), without wax. Sin'ecuRE-(cura), a situation without car. Signifies under. SubCUTA'NEous-(cutis), under the skino SubJA'cENT —(jaceo), lying under. SubMARINE'-(mare), under the sea. SubscRIBE'-(scribo), to write under. SubTRACT —(traho), to draw under or from. SubBEA'DLE-an under beadle. SublDEA'coN-an under deacon. Swg, for s$b, Signifies under, up. SuccEED' —(cedo), to go under or after. uc'couR —(curro), to run under. SuccUMB'-(cubo), to lean under. Suf,. for Sub, Signifies under. Sf FER —(fero), to bear under. SlfFusrE' —(fundo), to pour under. Sup, for Su9 Signifies under, up. SuproRT'-(porto), to bear up. SprPosE' —(pono), to put under. SupPREss'-(premo), to press under. PREFIXES. Signifies under or beneath. 8ub'terFuroE-(fugio), a flying under. Signifies above or over, upon. SuperAlouNDW'-to overabound. SUperADD' —-to add over and above. SuperFINE' —overfine. Super'FLvous-(Sfuo), flowing over or above. SuperNAT'URAL —above or more than natural. SupersEDE'-(sedeo), to sit above. Supervl'soR-(vi deo), an overseer. SUperFICI'AL-(jftcies), upon the face or outside. SuperscRIBE'-(scribo), to write upon. SupersTRUCTURE-(StrTUO), what is reared upon. Sur, (Fr. cont. of Super,) Signifies above, over, upon.,~SurCARGE' —to overcharge. SurmOUNT'.-to mount above. SUrTovT'-(totus), over all. SurvIvw'-(vivo), to live over or after. Sur'FACE-(facies), upon the face. tSurvEY'-(video), to look upon. $ fs, for sub$ or Sa'rsfum, Signifies under, up, upwards. $U.sPEcT'-(specio), to look under. SusPE.ND' —(pendeo), to hang up. SusTAIN'-(teneo), to hold up. Signifies across, over or beyond, through. TraDucE'-(duco), to lead across. TraDITIfON —(do), a giving across. TraJEcT'-(jcaio ), to throw across. TransAL'PINE-across the Alps.. TranscEND'-(scando), to climb beyond. TransFER'-(fero), to carry over. Trans3REss'-(gradior), to go over or beyond. TranSLATE'-(latum), to carry over. Trans'MIGRATE-(migro), to remove beyond. TransMIT'-(mittto ), to send over. TransrPA'RENT-( pareo), appearing through. TransroRT'-(porto), to carry over. 28 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. TransPosE'-(pono), to put across. TransvERsE'-(verto), turned across. Tres'rAss-(passus), a passing over or across. Signifies beyond. UltraisT' —one who is beyond. UltraMoN'TANE- -(mons), beyond the mountains. UltraMuN'DANE-(mundus), beyond the world. II. SUFFIXES. Signifies of or belonging to. CAR'DMrc-(cardia, Gr.), belonging to the heart, ELEGI'Gac-(elegia, Gr.), belonging to elegy. DEIo'Niac-belonging to a demon. Denotes of or consisting of, like or resembling. ARENa'ceous-(arena), consisting of sand. A RGILLa'ceous-(argilla), consisting of clay. FARINa'ceous-(farina), consisting of meal. FoLIatceous —(folium), consisting of leaves. HIERBa'ceous-(herba), consisting of herbs. ARuNDINa'ceous-(arundo), resembling reeds. BuTYrmaceous-(butyrum), resembling butter. CoRsa'ceous-(corium), resembling leather. SAroNa'ceous-(sapo), resembling soapO Denotes being, or state of being; office of. Ac'cuRacy —a being accurate. DEL'Icacy —a being delicate. OB'sTINacy-a being obstinate. CEL'IBacy-(cslebs), the state of being single. Lu'Nacy —(luna), the state of being a lunatic. Cv'Racy —the office of a curate. MAGrISTRacy-the office of a magistrate. P)RI'acy-the offce of a primate. SUFFIXES. 29 Denotes a collection of; state of being; an allowance for. BAG'Gage-a collection of bags or bundles. CoRD'age-a collection of cords. FoL'Iage-(folium), a collection of leaves. HIERB'age-a collection of herbs. BoND'age-state of being in bonds. OR'PHANage-state of being an orphan. PEER'age —state of being a peer. CAR'RIage-an allowance for the thing carried. MINT'age-an allowance for minting or coining. PosT'age —an allowance for the post or letter carrier. PoRTERage —- an allowance for a porter's services. WHARF'age-an allowance for the use of a wharf. Denotes of, belonging, relating or pertaining to; befitting or becoming. CELES'TIal-(calestis), relating to heaven. FIL'Ial-(fJlius), relating to or becoming a son. FLO'Ral-(flOS ), relating to flowers. FRATER'Nal — (frater), relating to or becoming a brother. MAN'val-(manus), relating to the hand. MATER'Nal-(mater), relating to or becoming a mother. MENT'al-(mens), relating to the mind. NA'TIONal-belonging or relating to a nation. PAREN'Tal-belonging or relating to a parent. PEc'ToRal-(pectus), relating to the breast. PER'SONal-pertaining or relating to a person. RE'Gal-I-(re go), relating to a king. Ru'Ral-(rus), relating to the country. TEM'PoRal —-(tempus), relating to time. VER'nal-(verbum), relating to wordso Vo'cal-(vox), relating to the voice. Signifies belonging, relating or pertainzng to. AGRA'RIan —(ager), relating to the fields. CHRIs'Tian-relating to Christ. DILU'vian-(diluvium), relating to the flood. EURoPE'an-relatitng to Europe. GRE'CIan —belonging or relating to Greece. HvYMENE'an-(hfymen, Gr.), relating to marriage, PLEBEIL'an —(plebs), relating to the people. SYL'van —(sylva), relating to the woods, Q~ 30 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Denotes one who, or-the person that. ARTISan' —one who is skilled in an art. CHRIs'Tian-one who believes in Christ. CoLLE'GIan —one who studies at a college. EPIscoPA'Lian-one who belongs to the Episcopal church. EvRoPE'an —one who lives in Europe. HIsTo'Rnan-one who writes history. LIBRA'RIan-one who has charge of a library. MAGIci'an-one who practices magic. PARTIsan'-one who is attached to a party. REPuB'Lican —one who advocates a republic. VET'ERa —(vetus), one who is old. * 2'aC, C5 AxAC Denotes being or state of being;'ing.' CoN'soNance-state of being consonant. CoN'sTany —state of being constant. IG'NoRance-state of being ignorant. MAIN'TENance —(manus, teneo), state of being held by the hand or supported. RA'DIancy-state of being radiant. VIG'ILance-state of being vigilant. AccEPT'ance-(capio), a taking to. AR'ROGancy-(rogo), an asking to or for. AssIsT'ance-(sisto), a standing to. CoNvEr'ance-(veho), a carrying together. RELUC'Tance-(luctor), a fighting back. VAG'Rancy —(vagus), a wandering. Denotes one who, or the person that. AD'JUTant — (juvo), one who aids. AssAIL'ant-one who assails. AssIsT'ant- one who assists. CLAIM'ant —one who claims. CoM'BATant-one who combats. DEFEND'ant-one who defends. DIs'PUTant —one who disputes. LIErTEN'ant-(lieu, teneo), one who holds the place of another MER'CHant-(mercor), one who trades. SER'vant —one who serves. TEN'ant —(teneo), one who holds. VA'GRant —(vagus), one who wanderso VIrs'Tant -one who visits. SUFFIXES. 31 Signifies ing.' ATTEN'Dant-attend ing. BRIL'LIant — (briller), shining. CoN'soNant-(sonus), sounding together. DEPEN'Dant-(pendeo), hanging down. Dis'Tant-(sto), standing apart. EXTRAV'AGant — (vagus), wandering beyond. IG'NoRant —(gnorus), not knowing. MILI'Tant —(?niles), fighting. OBsER'vant —observing. PLEAs'ant —pleasing. PLI'ant-(plico), folding or bending. RA'DIant-(radius), throwing out rays. REPUG'Nant —(pugna), fighting back. SIGNIF'Icanat —siignifying. VIG'ILant —(vigil), watching. Signifies belonging, relating, or pertaining to; having CIR'cuLar —(circulus), relating to a circle. GLoB'ULar-(globus), relating to a globe. IN'suLar — (insula), relating to an island. Ju'cuLar-(jugulum), relating to the throat. Lv'nar-(lutna), relating to the moon. Oc'uLar-(oculus), relating' to the eyes. Po'Lar-(polus), relating to the poles. So'Lar-(sol), relating to the sun. TIT'ULar-(titulus), relating to a title. AN'GULar-(angulus), relating to an angle. CEL'LuLar-(cella), having cells. CURVILIN'Ear-(Curvus, linea), having curved lines. Mvs'cvLar —(musculus), having muscles. RECTAN'GvLar-(rectus, angulus), having right-angles REcTILIN'Ear- (rectus, linea), having straight lines. Signifies one who. BEG'Gar-one who begs. LI'ar-one who lies. SCHOL'ar-one who goes to school. Denotes one who. DRvNK'ard-one who gets drunk. SLUGv'ard-one who is sluggish. 32 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Denotes one who, or the person that. AD'vERsary — one who is adverse or opposed to. AN'TIQUary-one who studies antiquity. CoTEM'PoRary-(ternpus), one who lives at the same time. DIG'NITary-one who has a dignity. EmI'xssary-one who is sent out. LAP'IDary-(lapis), one who deals in precious stones. MIs'sIoNary-(mitto), one who is sent. PEN'SIoNary-one who receives a pension. PLENIPOTEN'TIlary-(plenus, posse), one who has full power. TRIB'uTary-one who pays a tribute. VOLUP'Tuary —(voluptas), one who is given up to pleasure. Denotes the place where, or the thing that. APIary-(apis), the place where bees are kept. DIc'TIoNary-(dico), the place where words are collected. GRAN'ary-(granumr), the place where grain is stored. Li'BRary-(liber), the place where books are kept. SANc'Tuary-(sanctus), the place where sacred things are kept. BouND'ary-the thing that bounds. Lu'IINary —(lurmen), the thing that gives light. PRELIM'INarY-(limen), something that is before the threshold, or at the very beginning. VAGa'ry-(vagus), the thing that wanders; a wandering thought. Signifies belonging, relating, orpertaining to. ALIMEN'Tary-pertaining or relating to aliment. AR'BORary-(arbor), pertaining or relating to trees. EPIs'ToLary-(epistola), pertaining or relating to a letter. HoN'oRary-pertaining or relating to honor. LIT'ERary-(litera), pertaining or relating to letters. MI'ITrrary-(miles), pertaining or relating to soldiers. PLAN'ETary —pertaining or relating to planets. PvL'MONary- (pulmo), pertaining or relating to the lungs. TEM'PoRary-(tempus), pertaining or relating to time. TRADITI'oNary —pertaining or relating to tradition. Denotes having; being. CoR'PORate-(corpus), having a body. Foa'TUNate — having fortune. INAN'IMate-(anima), not having life. SUFFIXES. 33 TNTES'Tate —(testis), not having a will. PAssI'ONate-.having passion. TEM'PERate-having temper or restraint. AD'EQuate-(equus), being equal to. CoNFED'ERate-(fedus), being leagued together. DEs'PERate —(spero), being out of hope. ILLIT'ErRate-(litera), being without letters. INsA'Tlate-(satis),'being without enough. Denotes one who, or the person that. CoNFED'ERate —(fedus), eone who is leagued with. Cu'Rate —(cura), one who has the care. DEL'EGate-(lego), one who is sent from. GRAD'uate —(gradior), one who takes a degree. LEG'ate-(lego), one who is sent. LIcEN'TIate-one who has a license. PO'TENTate-( posse), one who has power. PRI'Mate-(primus), one who is first. Denotes to make, to give, to put, or to take. ANNI'HILate —(nihil), tO make to nothing. AN'TIQuate-(antiquus), to make ancient AssrM'ILate-(similis), to make like to. AUTHEN'TICate —-to make authentic. DEBILUITate-(debilis), to make feeble. FAcIL'ITate-(facilis), to make easy. FRnvs'Tate-(frustra), to make vain. ME'LioRate-(melior), to make better. REN'ovate-(novus), to make new again. tAN'iui'ate-(anima), to give life. DEc'oRate-(decor), to give ornament. REG'vLate-(rego), to give rules. RETAL'Iate-(talis), to give back like for like. STI'vLuate —(s timulus), to give a spur. DEPoP'ULate-(populus), to take out or destroy the people. Dis'Locate-(locus), to put out of place. ENER'vate-(neuron), to put out of nerve. ERAD'Icate-(radix), to take out the roots. Exro'Late-(folium), to put out leaves. ILLV'MINate-(lumen), to put light into. INcAR'cERate-(carcer), to put into prison. INoc'ULate —-(oculus), to put an eye in or upon. INsIN'vuate-(Sinus), to put into the bosom. 34 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. JBle3.bl~~9 b fbt Denotes may be or can be; worthy of. AccEs'sIble-(cedo), that can be approached. ATTAIN'able-that can be attained. BLAM'able-that may be blamed. UNAiN'swERable-that cannot be answered. DISCER'Nible-that can be discerned. FLEx'Ible-(flecto), that can be bent. INHAB'ITable-that can be inhabited. INNU'lMERable-(numerus), that can not be numbered. INvIs'Ible-(video), that can not be seen. CoNTEMP'Tible-worthy of contempt. PuN'IsHable-worthy of punishment. REsPEc'Table-worthy of respect. Signifies little or small. GAN'TIcle-(cano), a little song. I'cIcle-a small stick of ice. PED'Icle —(pes), a little flower stem. VEN'TRIcle-(venter), a little belly. Domn, Signifies the place where; state of being. DUKE'dom-the place where a duke reigns. KING'dom-the place where a king reigns. POPE'dom —the place where the pope governs. FREE'donl-the state of being free. Wis'dom-the state or quality of being wise. Denotes one who, or one to whom. ABsENTee'-.-one who is absent. GUARANTeet-one who guarantees. REFUGee'-(fugio), one who flies. AssioGNee'-one to whom any thing is assigned. DoNee —(do), one to whom any thing is given. GRANTee'-one to whom a grant is made. LEssee'-one to whom a lease is made. TRusTee' —one to whom a trust is given. Signifies one who, or the person that. AvcTIONeer'-one who has an auction. CHARIoTeer'-one who drives a chariot. ENGINeer' —one who has charge of an engine. SUFFIXES. MoUNTAiNeer' —one iho lives on a mountain MuiTINeer'-one who is guilty of mutiny. SONNETTeer'-one who writes sonnets. Denotes made of. BRA'zen —made of brass. HEM'lPen-made of hemp. WooD'en-made of wood. WooL'Len —'made of wool. Denotes to make. DEEP'er —to make deep. FAs;Ten-to make fast. GLAD'Den —to make glad. HAR'Den-to make hard. SHAR'Pen-to make sharp. SHOR'Ten —to make short. Denotes being or state of being;' ing.' AB'sence —a being away. EQuIv'ALence-a being equivalent. IM'PoTenCe-( posse ), state of being without power IM'PuDence-(pudeo), state of being without shame IN'Nocency-(noceo), state of being innocent. ADHE'Rence —(hnreo), a sticking to. CA'Dence —(cado), a falling'. CoNcuR'Rence — (curro), a running together. CON'FLUence —(fluo), a flowing together. EL'oQuence-(loquor), a speaking out. INTERFE'Rence —(ferio), a striking between. PRE'sre22Ce-(scio), a knowing beforehand. RErisnce —(fulgeo), a shining back.~ Denotes one who, or the person that. ADHE'Rent-(haereo), one who sticks to. A'Gent-(ago), one who acts. DELIN'Quent-(linquo), one who leaves out or omits PA'TIent —(patior), one who suffers. PEN'ITent-(peniteo), one who repents. PREs'IDent-one who presides. REcIP'Ient-(capio), one who receives. RE'Gent —(rego), one who governs. STu'Dent-(studeo), one who studies. 36 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Denotes' ing,' or being. ANTEcE'Dent —(cedo), going before. AR'Dent-(ardeo), burning. BENEV'oL.ent —(bene, volo), wishing well. BELLIG'ERent-(bellunm, gero), waging war. CoHE'rent-(hereo), sticking together. CoNcuR'Rent-(curro), running together. CON'SEQvuent-(sequor), following with or after. EFFUL'Gent-(fulgeo), shining forth. PEN'Dent —( pendeo), hanging'. TRANsPA'Rent-(pareo), appearing through. An'sent —(ens), being away. EQUIv'ALent-(equus, valeo), being of equal vaue. IM'PoTent-(potens), being without power. IM'PUDent-( pudeo), being without shame. Po'Tent-( potens), being powerful. Denotes one who, or the person that. ARacHer-(arcus), one who uses a bow. BEHoLD'er-one who beholds. BuILD'er —one who builds. BuY'er-one who buys. COMMAND'er- one who commands. FIsH'er —- one who fishes. INQUI'Rer —one who inquires. LEC'TURer-one who lectures. OF'FIcer-one who has an office. RoB'Ber-one who robs. TEACH'er- one who teaches. TREAS'URer —one who keeps treasure. VIL'LAGer-one who lives in a village. Denotes state of growing or becoming. ADoLes'cence-(oleo), state of growzng to or up to (manhood). CoNvALes'cence-(valeo), state of growzing well. EFFLoRes'cence-(flos), state of growing or putting out flowers PuTRes'cence-(putris), state of becoming rotten. QuIes'cence-(quies), state of becoming quiet. Denotes growing or becoming. CoNvALes'cent-growing well. Excies'cent-growing out. SUFFIXES. 37 PUTRes'cent —(putris), growing or becoming rotten. QuIes'cent-(quies), becoming quiet. Denotes full of. CAREful —full of care. DouBTful —full of doubt. FEARfUIl-full of fear. HoPEful —full of hope. MIR'cIful-full of mercy. PIT'iful —full of pity. Siufitl-full of sin. WoN'lDERIful-full of wonder. Denotes to make. DIVER'SIfy-tO make diverse or various. FoR'TIfy —(fortis), to make strong. MAG'NIfy-(magnus), to make great. NUL'Lfy —- (nullus), to make null or void. Pu'Rrfy-(purus), to make pure. REC'TIfy —(rego), to make right. SANC'TIfy —(sanctus), to make sacred. VER'Ify —(verus), to make true. Denotes the state of. Boy'hood —the state of a boy. CHILD'hood-the state of a child. KNIGHT'hood- -the state of a knight. Denotes of, belonging, relating, orpertaining to, ACADEM'ical-belonging or relating to an academy. ANGEL'ical-belonging or relating to an angel. GIGAN'TiC-(gigas), belonging or relating to a giant. HEROtic —belonging or relating to a hero. METAL'LiC —belonging or relating to metals. OcEAN'ic-belonging or relating to the ocean. PoET'ical-belonging or relating to a poet. Rus'Tic-(rues), belonging or relating to the country. Ice, Denotes a being, or thing that. Av'ARice-(avarus), a being fond of money. JUs'Tice —a being just. 4 38 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. NAL'ice —(male), a being evil. SERi'vice —the thing that is served. No'Tice —(nosco), the thing that makes known. Jsc$~ Denotes the doctrine, science, or art of. ETH'ics —(ethos, Gr.), the science of manners. OP'TiCS-(optO, Gr.), the science of vision. PNEvUMAT'iCS-(pneuma, Gr.), the science of air. ECONOM'ics —(eceo, nomos, Gr.), the doctrine of household management. PYROTECH'Nics-(p-yr, techne, Gr.), the art of making fireworks. TAC'Tics —(tactos, Gr.), the science or art of military arrange ments. Id9 Denotes being, or' ing.' Ac'Rid — (acris), being sharp. FRIo'id —(frigus), being cold. TIM'id-(timeo), fearing. FER'vid — (ferveo), burning. PEL'Lvcid —(luceo), shining through. SPLEN'Did-(splendeo), shining. ToR'Rid —(torreo), parching. TuR'Gid —(turgeo), being swollen. VIv'id-(vivo), living. Denotes belonging to; may or can be; easily. FE'BRile-(febris), belonging to a fever. Hos'Tile —(hostis), belonging to an enemy. Jv'ENile- (juvenis), belonging to youth. Pu'ERile-(puer), belonging to a boy. V1'Rile —(vir), belonging to a man. Doc'ile —-(doceo), that may be taught, or easily taught. Duc'Tile-(duco), that may be lead. FRAG'ile —(frango), easily broken. PRoJEc'Tile-(jacio), that can be thrown forward. TRAc'Tile-(traho), that may be drawn out. Ie,9 Denotes of or belonging to. ADAMAN'Ttne —belonging to adamant. CA'Nine —(canis), belonging to dogs. CRYS'TALLine-belonging to a crystal. DIvine'-(divus), belonging to God. FEM'INine-(femina), belonging to woman. SUFFIXES. 39 IN'FANTine-belonging to an infant. MARine'-(rnare), belonging to the sea. MAS'cLine —- (masculus), belonging to a nmale. SER'PENTine —belonging to a serpent. Denotes the act of; state of being;'ing.' ABERRA'Tion-(erro), the act of wandering away. ADDITi'on-(do), the act of giving to or adding. CONTOR'Tion-(tortum), the act of twisting together. EXPUL'sion-(pello), the act of driving out. INsPEc',rion-(specio), the act of looking into. PRODUC'Tion-(duco), the act of leading forth. RETEN'Tion-(teneo), the act of holding back. ANIMA'Tion-the state of being animate. CoRRUP'Tion-the state of being corrupt. PREcIsi'on-the state of being precise. SALvA'Tion-(salvus), the state of being safe. SUBoRDINA'Tion-the state of being subordinate. CoHE'sion —(hnreo), a sticking together. CoMMo'Tion —(moveo), a moving together. DIssoLU'TiOn-(solvo), a loosing together. ELEc'Tion-(lego), a choosing. ExPAN'sion-(pando), a spreading out. FRIC'Tion —(frico), a rubbing. IMMEnR'sion-Z(mergo), a plunging in. INvA'sion —(vado), a going into. ffse, Ize Denotes to make; to give. CIv'ILize —to make civil. FAMIL'IARize-to make familiar. FER'TILize-to make fertile. FRAN'CHise-(franc), to make free. LE'GALize-to make legal. MoD'ERNize-to make modern. PvL'vERize-(pulvis), to make to powder. SoL/EiNize-to make solemn. Au'THoRize-to give authority. CHIAR'AcTERize —to give character. CRIT'Icis —(crites, Gr.), to give judgment or opinion. DoG'MATize-(dogrma, Gr.), to give an opinion. PARTIC'ULARize-to give the particulars. STIG'MAVTize-(stigma, Gr.), to give a stigma or blot. SYSTERI'ATize-to give system. 4Lo FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Denotes somewhat; belonging to; hke. BLAcx'ish —somewhat black. GREEN'i8h-someuhatct green. SCOT'Tish-belonging to Scotland. SPAN'ish —belonging to Spain. Bov'ish —like a boy. CHILD'ish —like a child. FooL'ish-like a fool. Fop'pish-like a fop. Denotes to make. CHER'ish-(carus), to make dear. EMIBEL'Lish-(beau), to make beautiful. EMPOV'ERish-( pauper), to mlake poor. FIN'ish-(finis), to make an end. PuB'Lish.-(vulgus), to make public. REPLEN'ishk-(plenus), to make full again. YAN'ish-(vanus), to make empty. Denotes state of being; an idiom; doctrine jf BAR'nARism-sState of being barbarous. FANAT'Icism —state of being a fanatic. HER'oism?n-state of being a hero. ID'IOTism — state of being an idiot. PA'AANism-state of being a pagan. PAR'ALLELiSm-state of being parallel. ANtGLICism-an English iciom. GAL'LICim —(Gallia), a French idiom. HEB'Rmism-a Hebrew idiom. HEL'LENis m-(tHellen, Gr.), a Greek idiom. A'TnEism —(theos, Gr.), the doctrine that there is no God CAL'vINism-the doctrines of Calvin. CATHOL'Icism-the doctrines of a Catholic. EP'IcuRism-the doctrines of Epicurus. SCEP'TICism-the doctrines of the sceptics. To'RYism-the doctrines of a tory. Denotes one who, or the person that. AN'NAList-(annus), one who writes annals. ART'ist-one who practices an art. A'THEist-(tleos, Gr.), one who believes there is no God, BoT'ANist-one who studies botany. DRAM'ATis t-(drama, Gr.), one who writes dramas. SUFFIXES. 41 FAB'ULiSt-(fabuCla), one who writes fables. FLo'Rist-(flos), one who cultivates flowers. Hu'MoRist- one who is fond of humor. Ju'Rist —(jus), one who is learned in law. LING'isit-(lingua), one who studies languages. Nov'EList-one who writes novels. OC'UrList-(OCulUs), one who treats diseases of the eye. PsALMist-one who writes psalms. ToBAc'coNist-one who sells tobacco. Ilte, Denotes one who, or the person that. CAN'AANite-one who dwells in Canaan. FA'voRite-one who is favored. LE'vite-one who is descended from Levi. FIy, or Ty. Denotes being or state of being. ABIL'ity-state of being able. AM'ity-(amicus), state of being friends. ANTIQ'uity-(antiquus), state of being ancient. BREv'ity — (brevis), state of being short. CAPTIv'ity-state of being a captive. DIvIN'ity-state of being divine. DocIL'ity-state of being docile. EQ'uity-(equus), state of being just. FELIC'ity-(felix), state of being happy. FERTIL'it. — -state of being fertile. GENERos'ity-state of being generous. HosTIL'ity-state of being hostile. IMBEcIL'ity —state of being imbecile. INFIRM'ity-state of being infirm. LoY'ALty-state of being loyal. MATU'Rity-state of being mature. Nov'ELty-state of being novel. POPULAR'ity-staie of being popular. PuERIL'ty-state of being puerile. SUBLIM'itfy-state of being sublime. SIN-cER'ity-state of being sincere. TIMID'ity-state of being timid. VELoc'ity-(velox), state of being swift. Denotes one who, or the person thatw CAP'Tive-(capio), one who is taken. FU'GITive —(fugio), one who flies. 42 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. OP'EnATive-(opera), one who works. NA'Tive-(nascor), one who is born. Denotes havirg power, or' ing.' CoRREc'Tive-having power to correct. CoRRo'sive —(rodo), having power to eat away. DESTRUC'TiVe-(struo), having power to destroy. INvEN'Tive-having power to invent. LEG'ISLATive-(lex, latum), having power to make laws. LO'COMOTiVe-(locus, moveo), having power to.move from its place. Anu'sive-abusing. Ac'Tive-acting. ADHE'sive-(hxreo), sticking to. AMu'sive-amusing. ATTRACT'ive-attracting. IMPER'ATive — (impero), commanding. IMPUL'Sive-(pello), driving on. INCLU'Sive-(claudo), shutting in. PAs'sive-(patior), suffering. Mess$ Denotes without. ART'less-without art. CHILD'less-without a child. DEFENCE'less-without defence. FRUIT'less-without fruit. Pow'ERless-without power. THoUGHT'less-without thought. WoRTH'less-without worth. Denotes like or resembling GoD'like-like or resembling God. MAN'like-like or resernbling man. WAR'like-like or resembling war. Denotes little, young. DAR'ling-a little dear." DucR'ling —a little or young duck. Gos'linzg-a little or young goose. LorD'ling-a little or young lord. SUFFIXES, 43 Ey, for 7ike, Denotes like or resembling. BEAsT'ly-like or resembling a beast. Cow'ARDly-like or resembling a coward. FA'THERly —like or resembling a father. GEN'TLEMANly-like or resembling a gentleman. PRINCE'Ily-like or resembling a prince. WoRLD'ly —like or resembling the world. Denotes being or state of being; act of; the thing that. AnAsE'ment-state of being abased. CoNcEAL'ment-state of being concealed. EMBAR'RAssm ent-state of being embarrassed. ENTAN'GLEtment-state qf being entangled. EXCITE'ment-state of being excited. REFINE'ment —state of being refined. RETIRE'ment-state of being retired. AccoM'PLIsHment-act of accomplishing. AcKNowL'EDGment-act of acknowledging. ADJOURN' ment-act of adjourning. CHASTISE'ment-act of chastising. IrIPEAcH'qment-act of impeaching. IMPRIs'oNment-act of imprisoning. INFRINGE'/ment-act of infringing. MAN'AGEment-act of managing. PAY'ment —act of paying. PUN'IsHment-act of punishing SET'TLEnment-iact of settling. ABRIDG'ment-the thing abridged. AcQuIRE'ment-the thing acquired. AL'Iment-(alo), the thing that nourishes. FRAG',ment-(frango), the thing broken. INDucE'ment —the thing which induces. LIG'Ament-(ligo), the thing which binds. NovR'ISHment-the thing that nourishes. TEN'Enxent-(teneo), the thing holden. Denotes the state of being; thing that. Ac'RImmony-(acris), the state of being sharp. MAT'RImony-(mater), the state of being a mother. SANC'TInmony-(s7anctus), the state of being sacred. AL'Inony-(alo), the thing that is allowed for nourishment PAT'Rlmony-(pater),the thing or estate inherited from a father TEs'TImony-(testis), the thing that is affirmed by a wvitneis. 44 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Denotes a being or state of being. BAsE'ness-the state of being' base. BOLD'ness-the state of being bold. CooL'ness-the state of beings cool. FAITH'rFLness —the state of being faithful. FoND'ness-the state of being fond. GLAD'neSs-the state of being glad. HAP'PIness-the state of being happy. HAU'G HTIness-the state of being haughty. I'DLEness-the state of being idle. WEA'RIness —the state of being weary. WORTH:LESSness-the state of being worthless. 09 Denotes one who, or the person that. ACT'O'r-one who acts. AGGRES'sor-(gradior), one who attacks. AVnDITor-(audio), one who hears. BENEFAC'TOr-(bene, facio), one who does good. COLLEC'TOr-one who collects. CoN'FESSOr-one who confesses or hears another's confession, CONsPIR'ATOr —one who conspires. CREA'TOr-one who creates. DEBT'Or-one who is in debt. DIREc'Tor-one who directs. Doc'Tor-(doceo), one who teaches. Do'Nor-(donum), one who gives. GLADIA'TOr-(gladius), one who uses a sword. IM/ITATOr-one who imitates. INsPEc'Tor-one who inspects. INTER'ROGATOr-one who interrogates. Ju'Ror-(juro), one who swears. MI'Nor-(minuo), one who is younger. PREDIC'Tor —one who predicts. SPEcTA'Tor-(specio), one who beholds. SUPERVI'sor- (video), one who overlooks VIc'Tor-(vinco), one who conquers. Denotes theplace where; thing that. Au'rqory-the place where arms are kept. DEPosI'Tory-the place where things are deposited. DoR'MTory —(dormio), a place where persons sleep. FAc'Tory-(fJacio), a place where articles are made. OBSER'VATorj -the place where observations are made. PUa'GATOry —(purgo), the place where souls are purged. SUFFIXES. AutDITory-(azudio), the thing that, or those who hear. DIREC'Tory —the thing that, or those who direct. JU'DICATory-(judico), the thing that, or those who judge. MEr' ory- -the thing or faculty that remembers. Denotes of; belonging or relating to;'ing.' CoNSOL'ATOry-belonging or relating to consolation. INTERROG'ATory- -belonging or relating to an interrogatioI PIs'cATory —(piscis), belonging or relating to fishes. PREF'ATOry-belonging or relating to a preface. PRoM'Issory-belonging or relating to a promis'e. VALErDC'Tory-(vale, dico)g relating to a farewell. AD'uLATOry-(adulatur), flattering. CoMPuL'sory-(pello), compelling. DECLAR'ATOry —declaring. EXPLAN'ATory? -explaining. INFLAM''MATOry-inflaming. PROHIB'ITory-prohibiting. SATISFAC'Tory-satisfying. TRAN'sITOry-(eo), passing away. Denotes full Of. Jocose'-(jocus), full of jokes. OPERose'-(opera), full of work. VERBose'-(verburm), full of words. Denotes full of; consisting of, or belonging to; ing.' CLAM'RousS —(clamor), full of clamor. DAN'GERous —full of danger. Du'Blous-(dubius), full of doubt. GLo'RIous —full of glory. GRIE'vous-fildl of grief. LABo'RIousT-full of labor. LoQUA'CIous-(loquor), full of talk. PEIR'ILOUs —full of peril. PoP'vULOUS-(populus), full of people. A'/uEous —(aqua), consisting of or belonging to water. BIL'Ious-(bilis), consisting of or belonging to bile. CArTILAG'INOU — os-consisting of cartilage. CUTA'XNEOust-(cutis), belonging to the skin. FI'BRous-(f bra), cozv;isting qf threads. IG'NEous~-(ig'is), consisting of or b elong'ing to fire. LIG'NEOVtS-(iIgnu.rm), cosistlin? of or beilogin1 to wood SONo'nROus-(sOrnsz), co3nsistir.g ot o'r T;clon ing tlo soundq 46 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. VIT'REOUS-(vitrum), consisting of or belongi-ing to glass. AMBITI'OUS-(eo), going about. CONTIG'OUS —(tang'o), touching together. FALLA'CIOus-(fallo), deceiving. LANIG'EROUts-(lanis, gero), bearing wool. MUR'DERous -m urd ering. PERsPIc'uous-(specio), appearing through. PiscIv'oROUS-(piscis, vo7ro), devouring fish. TENA'cIUs- -(teneo), holding. TIM'oRous-(timeo), fearing. Denotes a being; the art of; the place where, BRA'VEry-a being brave. GAL'LANTry —a being gallant. SILAVEry —a being a slave. CHEmrV'ISTry —the art or 3cience of the chemist. CooK'Ery-the art of a cook. Ro'GUEry —the art of a rogue. SOPH'ISTry-the art of a sophist. SUR'GEry-the art of a surgeon. COL'LEry-the place where coals are dug. FIsH'Ery-the place where fish are caught. NURs'Ery-the place where the young are nursed Denotes office of; state of. CLERK'ship-the office of a clerk. DIcTA'ToRship-the office of a dictator. HonsE'MIANship-the offlce of a horseman. PorFEs'soRship-the qfice of a professor. STEw'ARDship-the office of a steward. APPRrN/TICEship-the state of an apprentice. BAcH'ELORSship-the state of a bachelor. FRIEND'ship —the state of a friend. RI'VALship-the state of a rival. WARD'shii-the state of a ward. Denotes somewhat; full of. BLITHE'some-somewhat blythe. DARK'some-somewhat dark. GrAD'some-somewhat glad. LONE'some-somewhat lone. WEA'RIsome —somewhat weary. BUR'DENsome-full of burden. FRoL'IcS'me —full of frolic. SUFFIXES. 47 LAY'some-fult of play. TolL'some —full of toil. Denotes one who. GAME'ster-one who games or gambles. SoNG'ster —one who sings. YouNG'ster-one who is young. Tude, Ude, Denotes being or state of being. AL'TItude-(altus), the state of being high. AP'TItude-(aptus), the state of being fit. BEAT'Itude-(beatus), the state of being blessed. FoR'TItude.-(fortis), the state of being brave. GRATI'tude-(gratia), the state of being grateful. LAs'sItude-(lassus), the state of being weary. MUL'TItude-(multus), the state of being many.,QUI'ETulde-(quies), the state of being quiet. REC'TItude-(rectus), the state of being right. SER'vItude-(servio), the state of being a slave. SOLIC'ITUde-(solicitus), the state of being anxiotus. SOL'itude —(solus), the state of being alone. TuR'PItude —(turpis), the state of being shameful. DEcREP'ITude-the state of being decrepit. U Denotes little or small. ANIMAL'cule-a little animal. GLOB'ule-a little globe. GRAN'ule —(granuma), a little grain. RET'Icule-(rete), a little net or bab. SPHER'ule-a little sphere. Denotes the thing; state of being; act of. CREA'Ture-the thing created. CUR'vATure-the thing that is curved. ENcLo'sture —the thing that is enclosed. MANUFAc'Ture-((manus, facio), the thing made by the hand PIc'Ture-(pingo), the thing painted. ScRIP'Ture-(scribo), the thing written. TEx'Ture —(textus), the thing woven. CoMIo'sure-the state of being composed. DIsPLEAS'ure-the state qf being displeased. ExPo'sure-the state of being exposed. PRIMOGEN'ITure —(primus, genus), the state of being first born. RAP"'Ture —(rapio), the state of being seized (with pleasure) FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. CAP'Ture-(capio), the act of taking. DEPAR'Ture-the act of departing. DISCLO'sure-the act of disclosing. INTERMXIX'TUre —the act of intermixing. RUP'Ture-(ruptum), the act of breaking. SEIz'ure-the act of seizing. Denotes in the direction of, or looking toward. EAST'ward —in the direction of the east. HEAv'ENward-in the direction of heaven. HoME'ward-in the direction of or looking towards home. WIND'ward-in the direction of or looking towards the wind. Denotes the being; state of being;, ing.' AN'ARHy —-(arche, Gr.), state of being without government. ANTIP'ATHy —(pathos, Gr.), a feeling against. AP'ATHY —(pathos, Gr.), state of being without feeling. HoN'ESTy-state of being honest. MAS'TERPy —state of being master. MoD'ESsTy-state of being modest. ArOS'TASY-(stasis, Gr.), a standing from or away. CHIRO'MANCY-(chir, mancia, Gr.), a divining by the hand. CoL'LoQUvy-(loquor), a talking together. EU'PHoNy-(eu, phone, Gr.), a sounding well. SYvM'PATHY —(pathos, Gr.), a feeling with. Denotes full of; consisting or made of. BLOOD'y —full of blood. BRI'NY-full of brine. DEw'y-full of dew. DmIT'y-full of dirt. DusT'y —full of dust. GLooMy —full of gloom. GUM'My-full of gum. HEALTH'y-full of health. KNOT!TyJ-full of knots. OIL'y —consisting of oil. CHALK'y-consisting of chalk. CLAY'Ey-consisting of clay. FLESH'y-consistingC of flesh. FLINT'y-made or consisting of flint. HoRN'y-made or consisting of horn. RocK'y-made or consisting of rock. SAND'y-made or consisting of sand. SLA'Ty-made or consisting of slate. SPoN'Gy — made or consisting of sponge. EXERCISES UPON THE PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES. As it is of great importance that the pupil should have a thorough knowledge of the signification of the Prefixes and Suffixes, before he commences the general analysis of words, it has been deemed proper-to devote a further portion of the " First Book of Etymology" to this subject. In Part I., the prefixes and suffixes have been pointed out, and their meaning, with copious illustrations, given; and the pupil should now be able to tell the force of any prefix or suffix that may be presented to him. But, in the general course of etymological study, the prefixes and suffixes are not pointed out, and the pupil will be obliged first to determine what they are-and in view of this fact the following exercises have been prepared. They comprise two lists of words, arranged in alphabetical order, one applying to the prefixes, the other to the suffixes. Care has been taken to select those words in which the root suffers little change in its combination with the prefix or suffix. Words formed immediately from foreign roots, or immediately from the words already existing in our own language, have been admitted indiscriminately into the list; both equally answer the purposes for which they are designed. In each case the original word is given, and, in that of foreign roots, the meaning accompanies it, so that the pupil may be supplied with every aid that is necessary in ascertaining the root, and may give up his whole time and attention to the consideration of the prefix or suffix. 1. PREFIXES. Abbreviate-brev-is, short. Abstinence-ten-eo, to hold. Abjure-jur-o, to swear. Abstruse-trudo, tru-sum, to Ablative-lcat-unm, to carry. thrust. Aboriginal —origo, origin-is, Absurd-surd-us, deaf. the beginning. [say. Accelerate-celer, swift. Abrogate-rogo, rogat-uzm, to Accident —cad-o, to fall. Abscind-scind-o, to cut. Acclivity-cliv-us, a slope. Absolution-solvo, solut-um, to Accuse-caus-a, a cause. loose. Accustom —custom. 5 49 50 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Addict-dico, dict-urn, to say. Bethink-think. Adhesion-h.ereo, hes-urn, to Bewitch-witch. stick. Circumambulate-ambul-o, to Adjourn —jour, a day. walk. Adjudge —judge. Circumference-fer-o, to carry. Adjunct-jungo, junct-tum, to Circumflex —fecto, flex-urn, to join. bend. Adjure-jur-o, to swear. Circumfluent-flu-o, to flow. Administer-minister. Circumfuse-fundo, fus-um, to Admix —mix. pour. Advocate-voc-o, vocat-um, to Circumlocution-loquor, locutcall. us, to speak. Adult-ol-eo, to grow. Circumposition-position. Adverb-verb. Circurnstance-st-o, to stand. Affiance-fid-es, faith. Circurnvent-venio, vent-urn, to Affiliate-fili-us, a son. come. Affront-frons, front-is, the'Circumvolutionl-volvo, volutforehead. urtn, to roll. Afront-front. Coaction-action. Aggregate-grex, greg-is, a Coefficient-efficient. flock. Coessential-essential. Allege-leg-o, to say. Coeval-xv-urn, age. Allure-lure, an enticement. Coextend-extend. Anhelation —halo, to breathe. Cohesion —hreo, ws-umr, to Annihilate-nihil, nothing. stick. Antepenult-penult. Combine-bin-i, two. Apace —pace. Commingle-mingle. Appea —pel-lo, to call. Compare-par, like. Appear-par-eo, to become vlisi- Compassion-patior, pass-us, to ble. suffer. Applaud — plaud-o, to praise. Compendium —pencl-o,to weigh. Apportion-portion. Compete-pet-o, to seek. Apposite-posit-us, placed. Complete-plet-us, filled. Appreciate-preci-urm, a price. Complicate-plic-o, to fold. Approximate-proxirn-us, next. Component-pon-o, to put. Ascend —scand-o, to climb. Compress —premo, press-ur, to Aslant-slant. press. Aspire —spir-o, to breathe. Compulsion-pello, puls-urn, to Assent-sent-io, to think. drive. Assume-sum-o, to take. Compute-put-o, to think. Attend-tend-o, to stretch. Concatenate-caten-a, a chain. Attenuate-tenuis, thin. Concentre-centr-umn,the centre, Attract —traho, tract-um, to Concise —cdo, cWs-urn, to cut. draw. Concoct-coquo,'coct-umn, to Attrition —trit-us, rubbed. cook. Bedew-dew. Conco rd —cor, cord-is, the heart. Bemoanr-moan. Concourse-curro, curs-urn, to Besiege-siege, run. PREFIXES. 51 Concussion-cutio, cuss-um, to Controvert-vert-o, to turn. strike. Converge-verg-o, to verge. Condense —dens-us, thick. Convert-v-ert-o, to turn. Condole —dole-o, to grieve. Convey-veh-o, to carry. Conduce-duc-o, to lead. Convivial-viv-o, to live. Confer-fer-o, to carry. Convulse-vuls-us, torn. Confess-fess-um, to declare. Copartner —partner. Confine-fin-is, a limit. Correspond-respond. Conflagration-flagr-o, to burn. Counteract-act. Conflux-filuo,flux —un0, to flow. Countercharm-charm. Confound —und-o, to pour. Countermand-rnand-o, to orConfront-frons, front-is, the der. forehead. Counterpart —part. Confuse-fundo, fus-um, to Counterplot —plot. pour. Countersign-sign. Congress-gradior, gress-us, to Decapitate-caput, capit-is, the go by steps. head. Conjecture —jacio, jact-urnm, to Declaim —clam-o, to shout. cast. Defame-fame. onjoin-join. Define-fin-is, the end. Uonjugate —jug-um, a yoke. Dedicate-dico, dicat-um, to set Conjunct —junct-us, joined, apart. Conjure —jur-o, to swear. Deduct —same; duco, duct-um, Connect-nect-o, to bind. to lead. Consanguinity-sanguis, san- Deform —form. guin-is, blood. Degenerate-genus, gener-is, a Conscript-script-us, written. race. Consecutive-sequor, secut-um, Degree-gradi-or, to go by to follow. steps. Consent-sent-io, to feel. Deject-jacio, jact-um, to cast. Consequent-sequ-or, to follow. Delineate-line-a, a line. Consolidate-solid-us, solid. Delinquent-linqu-o, to leave. Consonant —son-o, to sound. Delusive-ludo, lus-umr, to play. Constant-st-o, to stand. Demonstrate — nonstr-o, to Constellation-stell-a, a star. show. Constrain-string-o, to bind. Denote-nota, a mark. Construe-stru-o, to build. Denounce-nuncio, to call. Consume —sum-o, to take. Depict-pingo, pict-um, to Contain —ten-co, to hold. paint. Conterminous-termin-us, a Depopulate-popul-us, people. boundary. Deprecate-prec-or, to pray. Context-text-us, woven. Deposit-pono, posit-um, to put. Contingent-tang-o, to touch. Depredate-prxd-a, plunder. Continue-ten-eo, to hold. Depress —prerno, press-urn, to Contract-traho, tract-um, to press. draw. Derange-rang, order. Contradistinguish-distinguish. Deride-ride-o, to laugh. Contravene-ven-io, to come. Descend-scand-o, to climb. 52 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Design-sign-urn, a mark. Disobliging —obliging. Desist-sist-o, to stand. Displace —place. Desperate-sper-o, to hope. Dispose-p-ono,posit-um, to put. Detect-tego, tect -urn, to cover. Disproportion-proportion. Determine-termin-us, abound- Dispute-put-o, to think. ary. Disqualify-qualify. Detrude-trud-o, to thrust. Disregard-regard. Diffidence-fic-es, faith. Dissatisfy-satisfy. Digest-gero, gest-um, to carry. Dissect-seco, sect-uzm, to cut. Dilacerate-lacer, torn. Dissent-sent-io, to feel. Dilapidation-lapis, lapid-is, a Dissimilar-similar. stone. Dissolve-solv-o, to loose. Disadvantageous - advantage- Dissonant-son-us, a sound. ous. Dissuade-suade-o, to advise. Disagree-agree. Distemper-temper. Disappear-appear. Distil-still-a, a drop. Disapprove-approve. Distinguish-stinguo, to mark. Disarrange-arrange. Disuse-use. Disbelieve-believe. Divert-vert-o, to turn. ])isclose-claudo, claus-urn, to Divide-viclu-o, to part. shut. Ecstasy-st-o, to stand. Discomfort-comfort. Eclectic-lego, lect-um, to Discontent —content. choose. Discolor-color. Edition-do, dat-uni, to give. Discredit-credit. Educate-duc-o, to lead. Discourse-curro, curs-urn, to Effluence-fJiu-o, to flow. run. Effusion-fundo, fus-um, to Discriminate-crimen, crimin- pour. is, a crime. Ejaculate-jacul-utm, a dart. Discursive-curro, curs-um, to Elaborate-labor, labor. run. Elapse-labor, laps-us, to slide. Discuss-cutio, cuss-um, to Elect-lego, lect-urn, to choose. strike. Elevate-lev-o, to lift. Disease —ease. Eligible —leg-o, to choose. Disembark-embark. Elude-lud-o, to play. Disengage-engage. Emanate —man-o, to flow. Disentangle-entangle. Embowel-bowel. Disfigure-figure. Embroil-broil. Dishonor-honor. Empassion —passion. Disingenuous-ingenuous. Empurple-purple. Dislike-like. Emission-mitto, miss-urn, to Dislocate —loc-us, a place. send. Dismember-member. Encage-cage. Dismount —mount. Encourage-courage. Dismiss —nitto, miss-uzn, to Enforce-force. send. Engulf-gulf. Dispense-pendo, pens-urn. to Enkindle —kindle. weigh. Ennoble —noble. PREFIXES. 53 Enormous-norm-a, a rule. Extempore-tempus, temporEnrage-rage. is, time. Enslave —slave. Extend-tend-o, to stretch. Entangle-tangle. Externinate-termin-us, a liamEntomb-tomb. it. Enttitle-title. Extinct —slinguo, stinct-um, to Eruption-rumrpo, rupt-um, to mark. break. Extirpate-stirps, stirp-is, a Evade-vad-o, to go. root. Evident-vid-eo, to see. Extol —toll-o, to raise. Eviscerate-viscus, viscer-is,an Extrajudicial —judicial. entrail. Extraprovincial-provincial. Exaggerate-agger, a heap. Extravagance-vag-or, to wanExalt-alt-us, high. der. Excavate-cav-us, hollow. Extrude —trud-o, to thrust. Exceed-ced-o, to go. Exult-salio, salt-um, to spring. Exclude-claud-o, to shut. Forearm —arm. Excoriate-cori-um, the hide. Foredoom-doom. Excrescent-cresc-o, to grow. Forefather-father. Excursion-curro, curs-urnm, to Foreknow-know. run. Forementioned-mentioned. Execute-sequor, secut-tus, to Forepart-part. follow. Foreshow-show. Exfoliate-foli-urm, a leaf. Foretaste-taste. Exit-eo, it-urn, to go. Forethought-thought. Exonerate —onus, oner-is, a bur- Forewarn-warn. den. Ignominious —nom en, nomin-is, Exorable —-or-o, to pray. a name. Expanse-pando, pans-urn, to Illegal-legal. spread. Illegible-legible. Expect —specio, spect-um, to Illi beral-liberal. look. Illicit-lic-eo, to be lawful. Expectorate —pectus, pector-is, Illimited-limited. the breast. Illiterate-liter-a, a letter. Expire-spir-o, to breathe. Illogical-logical. Explicit-plic-o, to fold. Illumine-lumen, lumin-is, Explore-plor-o, to weep. light. Explode —plaudo, to make a Illustrate —lustr-um, a survey. noise. Imbibe-.bibPo, to drink. Export-port-o, to carry. Imbody-body. Expostulate- ostul-o, to de- Imbosom-bosom. mand. Imbower -bower. Expound-pono, to place. Immaterial-material. Express-preeo9, press-urn, to Incorporeal-corporeal. press. [drive. Immeasurable —measurable. Expulsion — pello, puls-umr, to Immediate —medi-us, the mid Expurgation-purg-o, purgat- die. u2nt, to rmake clean. Imm erge-rmerg.-o, to dip. 5* 54 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Immense —metior, mens-us, a! Incapacitate-capacitate. measure. Incarcerate-carcer, a prison. Imminent —min-eo, to jut out. Incarnate-caro, carn-is, flesh. Immobility-mobility. Incertitude-cert-us, sure. Immoderate-moderate. Incessant-cedo, cesszum,9 to Immodest-modest yield. Immovable-movable. Incidental-cad-o, to fall. Immure-mur-us, a wall. Incision-cwdo, cas-um, to cut. Imnpalpable-palp-o, to touch Incivility-civility. softly. Inclement-clemens, clement-is, Impart-pars, part-is, a part. mild. Impartial-partial. Incline —clino, to bend. Impatience-patience. Inclusive-claudo, claus-urn, to Impede —pes, pedl-is, the foot. shut. Impel-pel-lo, to drive. Incomplete-complete. Impenetrable-penetrable. Inconvenient-convenient. Impenitence-penitence. Incorporate-corpus, corpor-is, Imperishable-perishable. a body. Impersonal-personal. Incredulo-ns-credulous. Impious —pious. Inculcate-calco, to tread. Implacable-plac-o, to appease. Inculpable-culpable. Implicate-plic-o, to fold. Incursion —curro, curs-urn, to Implore-plor-o, to cry. run. Impolite-polite. Indecent-decent. Imponderous-ponderous. Indemnitv-damrn-urn, loss. Import-port-o, to carry. Indent —dens, dent-is, a tooth. Impossible-possible. Independent-dependent. Impost-pono, posit-urn, to put. Index-die-o, to set apart. Impotency-potens, powerful. Indicate-dic-o, to speak. Impress-premo, press-um.; to Indignity-dign-us, worthy. press. Indistinct-distinct. Imprison-prison. Indocile-doc-eo, to teach. Improper-proper. Indolence-dole-o, to grieve. Impugn-pugzn-a, a fight. Indubitable-dubitable. Impulse —pello, puls-um, to Induce-duc-o, to lead. drive. Ineffectual-effectual. Impunity-puni-o, to punish. Ineptitude-apt-us, fit. Impure-pure. Inequality —equality. Impute-put-o, to think. Inexperience-experience. Inaccurate-accurate. Infectious-faci-o, to make. Inaction-action. Infer-fer-o, to bear. Inalienable-alienable. Infidel-fid-es, faith. Inanimate-animate. Infirm-firm. Inaptitude-aptitude. Inflame-fianrmm-a, a flame. Inattentive-attentive. Inflate —fla-us, a puff of wind Inaudible-audible. Inflection-flect-o, to bend. Incantation-.cano, cant-urnm, to Inflict-f —igo,fiict-um, to strike sing Influx —/luo, flux-unm, to flow, PREFIXES. 55 Infraction —frjango,fract-utm, to Insuperalble-super, above. break. Insurmountable-surmountable. Infrangible-frang-o, to break. Insurrection-surgo, surrectInfrequent-frequent. urn, to rise. Infringe-frang-o, to break. Intemperate —temperate. Inglorious-glorious. Intend-tend-o, to stretch. Ingrate-grat-us, grateful. Intercede-ced-o, to go. Ingratiate-grati-a, favor. Intercept-capi-o, to take. Ingress-gradior, gress-us, to Intercostal-cost-a, a rib. go. Intercourse-curro, curs-urn, to Inharmonious-harmonious. run. Inherent-hxr-eo, to stick. Interdict —dico, dict-um, to say. Inhuman-horn-o, a man. Intermediate-rnedi-tus, the midInject-jacio, jact-unm, to cast. die. Inimical-amic-us, a friend. Intermeddle-meddle. Iniquitous —qu-us, right. Interminable-termin-us, end. Injurious —jus, jurt-is, law. Intermingle-mingle. Injustice-just-us, just. Intermission-rmitto, miss-urn, Innate-nat-us, born. to send. Innocent-noc-eo, to hurt. Intersperse-spargo, spars-umn, Innovate-nov-us, new. to scatter. Innoxious-noxi-us, hurtful. Interstice-st-o, to stand. Innumerable —numer-us, num- Intervene —ven-io, to come. ber. Interweave-weave. Inoffensive-offensive. Intestate-test-is, a witness. Inordinate-ordo, ordin-is,order. Intimidate - tim-eo, to fear. Inquietude-quietude. Intolerant-tolerant. Inquire-queer-o, to seek. Intomb-tomb. Insatiate-satis, enough. Intrepid-trepid-us, trembling. Inscribe-scrib-o, to write. Introduce-duc-o, to lead. Insecure-secure. Intrude-trud-o, to thrust. Insensate-sentio, sens-um, to Inundation-undo, undat-turm, feel. to rise in waves. Insert-sert-um, to knit. Invade-vad-o, to go. Insincere-sincere. Invalid-valid-us, strong. Insinuate —sin-us, the bosom. Invaluable-valuable. Insipid-sapi-o, to taste of. Invasion-vado, vas-mun, to go Insist-sist-o, to stand. Invective-veho, vect-urn, to Insociable —sociable. carry. Insolvent-solvent. Invert-vert-o, to turn. Inspect —specio, spect-um, to Investigate-vestigi-um,a trace look. Invest-vest-is, a garment. Inspire-spir-o, to breathe. Invigorate-vigor, strength. Instant-st-o, to stand. Invincible-vinc-o, to conquer. Instigate-stig-o, to spur. Invisible-visible. Instil —still-a, a drop. Inviolable-viol-o, to hurt. Instruct-struo, struct-un, to Invoke-voc-o, to call. huild. Idnvolve-volv-o, to roll. 56 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Involuntary-voluntary. Outmeasure-measure. Irradiate-radi-us, a ray. Outpour-pour. Irrational-rational. Outshine -shine. Irremovable —removable. Outspread-spread. Irresolute —resolute. Outiwalk-walk. Irreverent —re verent. Outweigh-weigh. Misadvised-advised. Overawe-awe. Misbegotten-begotten. Overbalance-balance. Misbehave-behave. Overcloud- cloud. Misbeliever-believer. Overhang-hang. Miscal-call. Overhear-hear. Mischance-chance. Overleap-leap. Misdeed-deed. Overmatch-match. Misemploy-employ. Overpower-power. Misfortune-fortune. Overreach-reach. Misgovernment-government. Oversight-sight. Misjudge-judge. Overthrow-throw. Mislead- lead. Overwrought-wrought. Mismanage-manage. Perception-capio, capt-um., to Misproportion-proportion. take. Misspend-spend. Percussion-ctrio, cuss-urn, to Misreckon-reckon. st rike. Misrule-rule. Perdition-do, dat-um, to give. Misshape-shape. Peregrinate —ager, agri, a field. Misunderstand-understand. Perennial-ann-us, a year. Obligate —lig-o, to bind. Permit-mitt-o. Obliterate-liter-a, a letter. Pernicious-nex, nec-is, death. Obsequious-sequ-or, to follow. Perplex-plic-o, to fold. Obstinate —ten-eo, to hold. Persecute-sequor, secut-us, to Obstruct-struo, struct-urn, to follow. build. Persist-sist-o, to stand. Obtain-ten-eo, to hold. Perspicuous-speci-o, to see. Obtrusion-trudo, trus-urn, to Persuade-suad-eo, to advise. thrust. Pertain-ten-eo, to hold. Obtuse-tundo, tus-um, toblunt. Pervade-vad-o, to go. Occur-curr-o, to run. Pervert-vert-o, to turn. Offence-fendo, fens-um, to Precaution-caution. strike. Preclude-claud-o, to shut. Omit-mitt-o, to send. Predetermine-determine. Opponent-pon-o, to put. Predispose-dispose. Oppress-premo, press-urn, to Predominance - domin-us, a press. lord. Oppugn-pugn-a, a fight. Preeminence-eminence. Outbound-bound. Preface-fari, to speak. Outdare-dare. Prejudice-judic-o, to judge. Ou tfrown-frown. Premeditate-meditate. Outguard-guard. Premonitory-moneo, mc nitOutlaw-law. un?,. to advise. PREFIXES. 57 Preordain-ordain. Protract-traho, tract-ztm, to Preponderance-ponhdus, pon- draw. der-is, weight. Protrude-trued-o, to thrust. Prerequisite-requisite. Protuberance-tuber, a swellPresage-sag-us, wise. ing. Prescription-scribo, script-urn, Proverb-verb-urn, a word. to write. Provide-vid-eo, to see. Present-ens, ent-is, being. Readmit-admit. Presume-sun-o, to take. Reanimate-animate. Presumption-surmo,sumpt-unz, Reascend-ascend. to take. Reassure —assure. Presuppose-suppose. Rebaptize-baptize. Pretense-tendo, tens-urn, to Rebuild-build. stretch. Recant-cano, cant-umrn, to sing. Prevalent-val-eo, to be strong. Receive-capi-o, to take. Previous-vi-a, a way. Recommit-commit. Procession-cedo, cess-unm,to go. Reconsecrate-consecrate. Procure-cur-a, care. Recreate-create. Profane-fan-urn, a temple. Recriminate-crirnen, crimin. Profess-fess-um, to declare. is, a crime. Profit-faci-o, to make. Recur-cturr-o, to run. Prognosticate-gnost-os,known. Reddition-do, dat-um, to give. Progress —gradior, gress-us, to Redeem-ern-o, to buy. step. Redeliver —deliver. Project-jacio, jact-urn, to Redemption-emo, empt-urn, to throw. buy. Progenitor-genitor, a father. Reduce-duc-o, to lead. Prominent —rnin-eo, to jut out. Re-enforce —enforce. Promise —mitto, miss-urn, to Refer-fer-o, to carry. send. Reflect —flect-o, to bend. Promontory —n-ons, 2nont-is, a Refraction-frango, fract-urnm, mountain. to break. Promotion-rmoveo, m- ot-urm, to Refrain-frmen-urn, a bit. Inove. Refrigerate-frigus, frigor-is, Pronounce-nunci-o, to tell. cold. Propagate-ag-o, to drive. Refuge-fugi-o, to flee. Propose-pono, posit-um, to Refulgent-fulg-eo, to shine. put. Refuse —fundo, fus-utm, to pour. Propulsion —pello, puls-um, to Refute-futt-o, to disprove. drive. [say. Regenerate-genus, gener-is, a Prorogation-rogo, rog'at-um, to family. Proscribe-scrib-o, to write. Reinspire-inspire. Prosecute-sequor, secet-us, to Reject-jacio, jact-un, to follow. throw. Prostitute-st-o, to stand. Relapse-laps-us, fallen. Prostrate —sterno, strat-um, to Relate —fero, lat-urm, to carry. throw down. Relinquish-linq-uo, to leave. Protect-tego, tect-urn, to cover. Reluctant-luct-or, to struggle 58 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Remit —mitt-o, to send. Subdue.-duc-o, to lead. Remonstrate - monstr-o, to Subject —jacio, jact-um, to show. throw. Remove-move. Subjugate-jug-urn, a yoke. Remunerate —nunus, muner- Sublingtual-lingu-a, the tongue. is, a gift. Sublunary —lun-a, the moon. Renovate-nov-us, new. Submarine —marine. Repel-pell-o, to drive. Submit —mitt-o, to send. Repent-paen-a, punishment. Subordinate-ordinate. Replete-pleo, plet-urn, to fill. Subscription-scribo, scriptRepose —pono, posit-unm, to put. urnm, to write. Repugnance-pugna, a fight. Subsequent-sequ-or, to follow Repurchase-purchase. Subservience-servi-o, to serve. Rescind-scind-o, to cut. Subside-sed-eo, to sit. Reserve —serv-o, to keep. Subsist-sist-o, to stand. Reside-sed-eo, to sit. Substance-st-o, to stand. Resplendent-splend-eo, to Subtract-traho, tract-um, to shine. draw. Respond-spond-eo, to answer. Subtend-tend-o, to stretch. Restrain-string-o, to hold fast. Subterraneous-terr-a, earth. Restrict-strict-um, to hold fast. Subtrahend-trah-o, to draw. Result —salio, salt-urnm, to leap. Subvert-vert-o, to turn. Retain-ten-eo, to hold. Success —cedo, cess-um, to go. Retaliate —-tal-is, such. Succinct —cingo, cinct-urn, to Retention-teneo, tent-urnm, to bind. hold. Suffuse-fundo,fus-um,to pour. Retrace-trace. S u ggest-gero. gest-uLn,to carry. Retract-traho, tract-um, to Superabundant-abundant. draw. Superadd-add. Retribution-tribuo, tribut-um, Superannuate-ann-us, a year. to give back. Superexcellent-excellent. Retrogression-gradlior, gress- Superlative-lat-umn, to bear. us, to go by steps. Supernatural-natural. Retrospect-specio, spect-um, to Supernumerary-lurnerus, a look. number. Reunite —unite. Superstructure-s/ruo, structRevert-vert-o, to turn. urnm, to build. Revisit-visit. Supervene-ven-io, to come. Revival —viv-o, to live. Supervise-video, vis-urn, to Revolve-volvo, to roll. look. Revomit-vomit. Supplant-plant. Secession-cedo, cess-um, to go. Support-port-o, to carry. Seclude-claud-o, to shut. Suppurate-pus, pur-is, the Select-lego, lect-uzm, to choose. matter from sores. Simple-plic-o, to fold. Surmise —mitto, miss-urn, to Sincere-cer-a, wax. send. Sinecure —-cur-a, care. Surname-name. Subdivide-divide. Surplice —plic-o, to fold. SUFFIXES. 9 Survive —vv-o, to live. Uncharitable-charitable. Suspense-pendeo, pens-urn, to Unclose —close. hang. Uncommon-common. Suspire —spir-o, to breathe. Undeceive-deceive. Sustenance-ten-eo, to hold. Underclerk-clerk. Traduce-duc-o, to lead. Underhand-hand. Transatlantic-atlantic. Undermine-mine. Transcribe-scrib-o, to write. Underrate-rate. Transfer —fer-o, to carry. Undersecretary-secretary Transfix-fix. Underwood-wood. Transfuse-fzundo, fus-um, to Undutiful-dutiful. pour. Unfetter-fetter. Transgress-g-radior, gress-us, Unforbidden-forbidden to go. Unharness-harness. Transient-iens, ient-is, going. Unholy-holy. Translucent —lux, luc-is, light. Unkennel-kennel. Transmission-nzitto, miss-urn, Unknown-known. to send. Unlatch-latch. Transmute —nut-o, to change. Unlawful-lawful. Transpire-spir-o, to breathe. Unmuffle —muffle. Transplant-plant. Unpolished-polished. Unabashed-abashed. Unriddle-riddle. Unbolt-bolt. Unrighteous-righteous. Unbecoming-becoming. Unsettle —settle. Unbuckle-buckle. Unsuitable-suitable. Unblemished-blemished. Untwist —twist. Unburthen-burthen. Unwarlike-warlike. Unbought-bought. Unwind —wind. Uncase-case. Unworthy-worthy. II. SUFFIXES. Absurdity-absurd. Afflictive-afflict. Accountant-account. Agency-ag-o, to do or act. Accumulation-accumulate. Agent —the same. Acerbity-acerb-us, sour. Algebraist-algebra. Achievement-achieve. Aliment —al-o, to nourish. Acrimony-acr-is, sharp. Alimentary-aliment. Action, Active, Actor-act. Allegorical-allegory. Activity-active. Alterable-alter, another. Acuteness-acute. Altitude —alt-us, high. Adoption-;adopt. Amicable-amic-tes, a friend Adversity-adverse. Amorous —amor, love. Advisable advise. Amplitude-a mpl-us, large Affectionate-affection. AAm plify-arnpl-us, large. 60 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Anatomist-anatomy. Beatitude-beat-us, blessed. Angular-angul-us, a corner. Bedlami te-bedlam. Animalcule-animal. Beggarly-beggar. Animate-anim-a, life. Believer-believe. Annual-ann-us, a year. Benignity-benign-us, kind. Annuitant —annuity. Bigotry-bigot. Antiquary-antiqu-us, old, Blameless —blame. ancient. Blindness-blind. Antiquity-the same. Botanical-botany. Apiary —ap-is, a bee. Bountiful —bounty. Appearance —appear. Brevity-brev-is, short. Applauder-applaud. Brighten-bright. Aptitude-apt-us, fit. Brotherhbod-brother. Appointm ent —appoint. Brutal, Brutish brute. Aquatic-aqua, water. Brutalize, Brutality-brutal. Arable-ar-o, to plough. Business-busy. Architecture-architect. Calculate-calcul-us, a pebble. Ardent-ard-eo, to burn. Calculator-calculate. Ardency —the same. Calumniator-calumniate. Arenaceous-aren-a, sand. Calvinist-Calvin. Aridity-arid-us, dry. Canine-can-is, a dog. Arithmetician-arithmetic. Canticle-cant-us, a song. Armory-arm-a, arms. Captive-capt-um, to take. Artful-art. Capture-the same. Asperity —asper, rough. Captivate, Captivity-captive. Assessor-assess. Careless-care. Association-associate. Carelessness-careless. Astral-astr-on, a star. Carnal-caro, carn-is, flesh. Atheistical-atheist. Cautionary-caution. Atrocious-atrox, atroc-is, Cavity-cav-us, hollow. fierce. Celebrate-celebr-is, renowned. Atrocity-the same. Celerity-celer, swift. Attendant-attend. Celibacy-ctleb-s, single. Audacious-audax, audac-is, Cellarage —cellar. bold. Censor-cens-eo, to judge Audible-audi-o, to hear. Censorship-censor. Audience-the same. Certify-cert-us, sure. Auditor-the same. Cession-cedo, cess-urm to Austerity-auster-us, severe. yield. Autumnal-autumn. Changeable-change. Available-avail. Chastity-chaste. Aviary-av-is, a bird. Cheerful-cheer. Baptist —bapt-o, to dip. Chorister-chor-us, a band of Bandage-band. singers. Banishm ent-banish. Christian-Christ. Barbarian-barbar-us, rude. Chronologist, Chronological — Barbarism —the same. chronology. Barrenness-barren. Circular-circul-us, a circle. SUFFIXES. 61 Circulate-the same. Curious —cura, care. Citation-cito, citat-un, to call. Current-curr-o, to run. Civility, Civilize —civil. Currency —the same. Claimant-claim. Curricle-the same. Clamorous-clamor, noise. Customary —custom. Clamorously-clamorous. Deafen-deaf. Clarify —clar-us, clear. Debauchee-debauch. Cleanliness-cleanlyr. Decorate-decor, grace. Climber-climb. Defrauder-defraud. Coinage-coin. Deify —de-us, God. Collection-collect. Deism-the same. Commentary-comment. Deist-the same. Cornmittee-commit. Deistical-deist. Compliance-comply. Deliberative-deliberate. Conductor-conduct. Delightful-delight. Confectionary-confection. Density-dense. Conference-confer. Dental-dezns, dent-is, a tooth. Copartnership-copartner. Dentist-the same. Copious-copi-a, plenty. Dependence-depend. Copiously-copious. Depositary-deposit. Coralline-coral. Despotism, Despotic-despot. Cordiality-cordial. Derogatory-derogate. Coriaceous-cori-um, leather. Detestable-detest. Coronation-coron-a, a crown. Devotion — devote. Coronet-the same. Diabolical-diabol-us, the devil. Corporate-corpus, corpor-is, a Diary-di-es, a day. body. Dictate —dict-urn, a word. Corporeal-the same. Dictator-dictate. Corpuscle —the same. Difference-difer. Correspondence, Correspondent Diffusive-diffuse. -correspond. Dignity-dcign-us, worthy. Corruptible-corrupt. Dispensary-dispense. Cottager-cottage. Discomposure-discompose. Courageous-courage. Discovery-discover. Courtship-court. Dissenter —dissent. Creator-create. Disturbance-disturb. Credible-cred-o, to believe. Divergent-diverge. Credulity-credul-us, easy of Doctor-doct-us, taught. belief. Dominant —domin-us, a lord. Criminal-crimen, crimin-is, a Dominion-the same. crime. Donation-lon-o, cldonat-urm, tc Critic-,crit-es, a judge. give. Criticise-critic. L)onee-the same. Crookedness-crooked. Donor-the same. [to sieep. Cruelty-cruel. Dormant-dorm-io, dornzit-zirn Crystallize-crystal. Dormitory —the same. Culpable —culpa, fault. Doubtless-doubt. Culture-colo, cult-urn, to tillt. Dramatic-drama, a play. 6 62 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMISOLOGY. Dreadful-dread. Feminine-femin-a, a woman. Druggist —drug. Fertility, Fertilize-fertile. Drunkenness-drunken. Fervency-ferv-eo, to be warm. Dubious-dubi-um, doubt. Fervid-the same. Dwarfish-dwarf. Festive-fest-um, a feast. Earldom-earl. Festivity-festive. Earthen-earth. Feverish-fever. Edition, Editor —edit. Fibrous — br-a, a thread. Election, Elective-elect. Fidelity —fidel-is, faithful. Elephantine-elephant. Fierceness-fierce. Enchantment-enchant. Filial-fi/i-us, a son. Envious-envy. Filthy-filth. Epicurean —epicure. Final —fin-is, the end. Episcopalian-episcopal. Finery-fine. Epistolary-epistol-a, a letter. Finish —fin-is, the end. Equality, Equalize-equal. Finite-the same. Equity-equ-us, just. Fissure —fndo, fiss-urnm, to Errant-err-o, errat-um, to cleave or cut. wander. Flagrancy-/flcgr-o, to burn. Erratic-the same. Flattery-flatter. Erroneous-the same. Flaxen-flax. Estimate —stin-o, to value. Flexible —fecto, flex-urm, to Ethics-eth-os, manners. bend. Etymological-etymology. Floral-flos, for-is, a flower. Executor, Executive-execute. Florist-the same. Executorship-executor. Flourish-the same. Exhaustible-exhaust. Fluctuate-luct-us, a wave. Existent-exist. Fluctuation-fluctuate. Expectancy —expect. Fluent —f/u-o, to flow. Extraction-extract. Fluid-the same. Fabrication-fabric-o, fabricat- Fluidity-fluid. urn, to make or frame. Foliage-foli-urn, a leaf. Fabulous —fabtla, a fable. Fondling-fond. Facilitate-facility. Forbearance-forbear. Facility —facil-is, easy. Foreigner-foreign. Factor —facio, fact-urnm, to do or Formal-form. make. Formality-formal. Fallible-fall-o, fals-um, to de- Formidable-formid-o, fear ceive. Fortify-fort-is, strong. Fallacy-the same. Fortitude-the same. Falsify-the same. Fortunate-fortune. Familiar-family. Fraction-frang-o, fract-um, to Famous-fam-a, fame. break. Farinaceous-farin-a, meal. Fracture —the same Farmer-farm. Fragile —the same Fatherless-father. Fragment-the same. Faulty-fault. Fragmentary-fragment. Fellowship-fellow. Frailty-frail. SUFFIXES. 63 Fragrance-fragr-o, to smell Harmonious-harmoni-a,agreesweetly. ment. Fraternal-frater, a brother. Hazardous-hazard. Friction-frico, frict-vzn, to Healthful-health. rub. Heavenly-heaven. Friendless —friend. Herbage —herb-a, an herb. Frightful-fright. Heretical-heretic. Frigidl-frig-us, cold. Heroic —hero. Frigidity-frigid. Heroism-hero. Frontal-frons, front-is, the Hinderance-hinder. forehead. Historian, Historic-history. Frustrate-frustr-ia, in vain. Honorary —honor. Fugitive-fugio, fugit-umn, to Horrible —horr-eo, to be dread flee. ful. Fulgency —flg-eo, to shine. Horrid-the same. Fulness-full. Hostile-host-is, an enemy. Fusible-fundo, fus-unt, to Houseless-house. pour, to melt. Humiliate-humil-is, humble. Fusion —the same. Humility-the same. Gazetteer-gazette. Humorsome —humor. Geographer-geography. Igneous-igln-is, fire. G irlish-girl. Illness-ill. Gladiator-gladi-us, a sword. Illustrative-illustrate. Glandule-gland. Imagery-image. Globule-globe. Imaginary, Imaginable-imaGlobular-globule. gine. Glorious-glory. Imitation, Imitator —imitate. Golden-gold. Immortality, Imrmortalize —imGoodly-good. mortal. Government-govern. Impurity-impure. Governor-govern. Indenture-indent. Graduate-gracl-us, a step. Induction, Inductive-induct. Grammarian-grammar. Indulgence-indulge. Granary —gran-um, a grain of Infantile-infant. corn. Inferiority-inferior. Granule-the same. Informant-inform. Gratitude-grcat-us, grateful. Inhabitant-inhabit. Gratuity-the same. Inheritor-inherit. Gravity-grav-is, heavy. Insinuation-insinuate. Grocery-grocer. insular-insul-a, an island. Groundless-ground. Integrity-integer, whole. Guardian-guard. Interpreter-interpret. Guardianship-guardian. Interrogative, Interrogatory — Guiltiness —guilty. interrogate. Habitabhle-habit-o, to dwell in; Intrepidity-intrepid. to inhabit. Introductory-introduce. Hairy -hair. Invention-invent. Hasten-haste. Jealousy-jealous. 64 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Jocose —oc-us, a joke. Longitude-long-us, long. Journalist-journal. Lucid —lux, hIc-is, light. Joyful —joy. Luminary —lLltmen, lumnin-is, Junction-juango, junct-um, to light. join. Luminous —the same. Juncture —the same. Lunar-lun-a, the moon. Jurist —jus, jur-is, law. Luxurious-luxury. Juror-jur-o, to swear. Magician-magic. Justice, Justify-just. Magistracy —nagister, magisKindness —kind. tr-i, a master. Knavery, Knavish —knave.. Magnetism-magnet. Laboratory-laboro,laborat-um, Magnify —nagn-us, great. to labor. Magnitude-the same. Ladyship-lady. Maidenly —maiden. Lapidary-lapis, lapid-is, a Malice —mal-us, bad. stone. Malleable-malle-us, a hammer. Lassitude-lass-u;s, weary. Mandate-mand-o, to comLateral-latus, later-is, a side. mand. Latinisrn, Latinist-Latin. Mansion-mnaneo, marns-um, to Latitude-lat-us, broad. stay. Laudable-laud-o, to praise. Marine-mar-e, the sea. Lawyer-law. Mariner- marine. Leaden-lead. Marriage-marry. Leakage-leak. Marshy-marsh. Lecture-lego, ledc-urn, to read. Martial —mars, mart-is, the god Lecturer-lecture. of war. Legal-lex, leg-is, law. Martyrdom-martyr. Legality, Legalize-legal. Marvellous-marvel. Legate-leg-o, to send as an Masculine-mascul-us, a male. ambassador. Matchless-match. Legible-leg-o, to read. Maternal-nater, matr-is, a moLegionary-legion. ther. Leisurely-leisure. Matrimony-the same. Levity-lev-is, light. Maturity —matur-us, ripe. Liberal, Liberty-liber, free. Measurement-measure. Liberality-liberal. Mechanics-m-echan-ao, to inLibrary-liber, libr-i, a book. vent. Librarian-library. Mediation, Mediator-mediate. Ligament-lig-o, ligat-um, to Meditation, Meditative —medibind. tate. Ligature-the same. Meekness-meek. Ligneous —lign-unm, wood. Meliorate-nzelior, better. Likelihood-likely. Mendicant —tendic-us, a begLineal-line-a, a line. gar. Literary-litera, a letter. Mensuration-mensur-a, a meaLoathsomeness- loathsome. sure. Local-loc-us, a place. Mental-mens, ment-is, the Locate-the same. mind. SUFFIXES. 65 Merchant —nerc-or, to buy and Neighborhood-neighbor. sell. Nervous-nerve. Merriment-merry. Notice-nosco, not-urm, to know. Microscopic-microscope. Notify-the same. Migration-migro, migrat-um, Novel-nov-us, new. to change one's abode. Novelist, Novelty-novel. Military-m-iles, milit-is, a sol- Nullify-null-us, none. dier. Numberless-number. Minor-minor, less. Numerical, Numerous-numerMinuend-minu-o, to lessen. us, number. Misery-miser, wretched. Oaken-oak. Miserable-the same. Obligee-oblige. Mission-mitto, miss-urn, to Observance-observe. send. Occupancy, Occupant-occupy. Missionary-mission. Occurrence-occur. Miti gation —mitigate. Ocular —ocul-zs, the eye. Moderator-moderate. Odious-ocli, to hate. Moisture —moist. Offender-offend. Momentary-moment. Operate —opus, oper-is, work. Moneyless-money. Operative —operate. Monitor-moneo, rnonit-um, to Operose-opus, oper-is, work. advise. Optics —opt-o, to see. Monkish-monk. Oral-or-o, orat-um, to ask. Moral-mos, mor-is, custom. Oration —the same. Moralist, Morality —moral. Orator —the same. Morbid-morb-us, a disease. Orderly —order. Motherly-mother. Ornament-orn-o, to deck. Motion —moveo, mot-uma, to Osseous-os, oss-is, a bone. move. Outrageous-outrage. Mouldy-mould. Pacify-pax, pac-is, peace. Mournful —mourn. Painful —pain. M ultitu de-mult-us, many. Pamphleteer-pamphlet. Mutable-mut-o, mutat-umn, to Parent-par-io, to bring forth. change. Parentage-parent. Mutation-the same. Parsimony —parco, pars-zun, to Nakedness -naked. spare. Narrative-narrate. Particle-pars, part-is, a part. Natal, Native-nat-us, born. Partition-the same. Natural-nature. Partial-the same. Naturalist, Naturalize-natural. Partisan-the same. Nautical —naut-a, a sailor. Pasture —pasco, past-unm, to Naval-nav-is, a ship. feed. Navigator-navigate. Passive-patior, pass-us, to sufI Negation-neg-o,'negat-umn, to fer. deny. Patentee-patent. Negotiate —negoli-unz, busi- Paternal —pater, a father. ness. Patience-pati-or, to suffer. Negotiator-negotiate. Patient-the same. if** 66 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Patrimony —pater, a father. Possessor —possess. Patron-the same. Posture-po~n-o, posit-urm, Pavement-pave. to place. [drink. Peaceableness-peaceable. Potation-pot.o, potat-uim, to Peasantry-peasant. Potion-the same. Pecuniary-pecuni-a, money. Potentate-potent. Peerage-peer. Precedence, Precedent-prePenal-poen-a, punishment. cede. Penance-the same. Predatory-pr ld-a, booty. Pendent —pencl-eo, to hang. Preferment-prefer. Penetration-penetrate. Pressure-press. Penitence-pommnit-eo, to repent. Preventive-prevent. Penitent-the same. [weigh. Priesthood —priest. Pension-perndo, pens-utz, to Primary-prim-us, first. Pensioner-pension. Princedom-prince. Perfidious-perfidy. Private —priv-us, one's own. Periodical-period. Privacy-the same. Persecutor-persecute. Probationary-p robation. Personate-person. Prophetic-prophet. Petition —pet-o, to beg. Propitiatory-propitiate. Physical-phys-is, nature. Proportionate-proportion. Physics —the same. Probity —prob-us, approved. Planetary-a planet. Protector-protect. Piety —pi-us, religious. Protestant-protest. Pilgrimage-pilgrim. Providence-provide. Pitiless-pity. Publisher —publish. Pleasantry-pleasant. Puerile —puer, a boy. Pleasure-please. Pulverize —pulvis, pulver-is, Plenary-plen-us, full, dust. Plenitude-the same. Punster-pun. Plenteous, Plentiful-plenty. Purify-pure. Plumage-plum-a, a feather. Puritanism-puritan. Pneumatics-pneumna, pneu- Purity-pure. mat-os, air. Putrescence-putr-is, rotten. Poetry-poet. Q(uarrelsome-quarrel. Poisonous-poison. Qu estionable-question. Politeness-polite. Quickness-quick. Pollu tion-pollute. Quiescence-quies, quiet. Ponderous-portdus, ponder-is, Quietiude-quiet. weight. Radiance-radi-us, the spoke Popular-popUJl-us, the people. of a wheel, a ray. Populous-the same. Radical-radix, racdic-is, a root. Portable-port-o, to carry. Ramify —ram-us, a branch. Portage-the same. Rapidity-rapid. Porter —the same. Reconcilement-reconcile. Posterior-poster-us, coming af- Rectify-rect-us, straight. ter. Rectitude-rect-us, straight. Posterity-the same. Reflection, Reflective-reflect. SUFFIXES. 67 Regal-rex, reg-is, a king. Scripture —scribo, script-umrn, to Regardless-regard. write. Regent-rex, reg-is, a king. Sculptor-sctlpo, sculpt-urn, to Regency-the same. carve. Regular-regul-a, a rule. Sculpture-the same. Regularity —regular. Section-seco, sect-urn, to cut. Repentance, Repentant-re- Security —secure. pent. Sedentary —sed-eo, to sit. Reproachful-reproach. Sediment-the same. Reptile-repo,rept-um, to creep. Sentient-senti-o, seans-urn, to Resident, Residence-reside. feel. Respondent-respond. Sentiment-the same. Reticule-rete, a net. Sensual-the same. Revelry-revel. Sequel-sequ-or, to follow. Reversionary-reversion. Serpent-serp-o, to creep. Rewarder-reward. Serpentine-serpent. Rhetorician-rhetoric. Serrate-serar-a, a saw. Rigid-rig-eo, to be stiff. Servant —serv-io, to serve. Rigidity —rigid. Service-the same. Ripeness-ripe. Servile-the same. Rivalry-rival. Servility —servile. Ronish —Rome. Servitude-serv-io, to serve. Rotary-rot-a, a wheel. Session —sedeo, sess-um, to sit. Rotation-the same. Setacious —set-a, a bristle. Royalist, Royalty-royal. Severity-severe. Rupture —runpo, rupt-um, to Shadowy-shadow. break. Shameful-shame. Rural-rus, rur-is, the country. Sharpness-sharp. Rustic-the same. Shelterless-shelter. Rusty-rust. Sidereal-sidus, sider-is, a star Sacrament-sacer,sacr-i,sacred. Signalize-signal. Sagacity - sagax, sagac-is, Silken —silk. wise. Similarity-similar. Salutary-salus,salut-is, health. Singularity-singular. Salutation-saluto, salutat-um, Smuggler —smuggle. to greet. Sociable-soci-us, a companion, Salvation-salvus, safe. Social-the same. Sanctify-sanct-us, holy. Society —the same. Sanctimony-the same. Solar-sol, the sun. Sanctuary-the same. Solidity-solid. Sanguinary-sanguis,sangwin- Solitude —sol-us, alone. is, blood. Soluble-solv-o, solut-urm, to Sanity-san-us, sound. loose. Satiety-sat-is, enough. Solvent-the same. [sound. Scholar-schol-a, a school. Sonorous-sontus, soinor-is, Scholarship —-scholar. Sophism-sop/i-ict, wisdom. Scornful-scorn. Sophist-the same. 68 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Sophistry-sophist. Tributary-tribuo, tribut-um, Sorrowful-sorrow. to give. Spectator-specto, spectat-um, Triumphal, Triumphant-trito look. ump h. Speculation-speculate. Troublesome-trouble. Spinster-spin. Turpitude —turT-is, ugly. Spiritualize-spiritual. Ultimate-ultim-us, last. Stiffen-stiff. Uniformity-uniform. Stormy —storm. Unity-utn-us, one. Stricture-stringo, strict-um, Union-the same. to bind. Usage, Useful-use. Structure-struo, struct-urn, to Utterance-utter. build. Vacancy-vac-o, to be empty. Suavity-suav-is, sweet. Vacate-the same. Subservient-subserve. Vassalage-vassal. Subsistence-subsist. Vehicle-veh-o, to carry. Supremacy-supreme. Ventricle-venter, ventr-is, the Surveyor-survey. belly. Sylvan-sylv-a, a wood. Verbal-verb-urn, a word. Tangible-tang-o, to touch. Verbose-the same. Temporal —tenmpus, tenpor-is, Verify —ver-us, true. time. Verity —the same. Temporary-the same. Veteran —vetus, veter-is, old. Temporize-the same. Vigilance-vigil-o, to watch. Tenable-ten-eo, to hold. Vinous-vin-umn, wine. Tenant-the same. Visible-video, vis-um, to see. Tenement-the same. Vision-the same. Tendency-tend-o, tens-urn, to Visionary-vision. stretch. Vital-vit-a, life. Tension-the same. Vivacity-viv-o, to live. Tenure-ten-eo, to hold. Vivid-the same. Terminate-termin-us, a limit. Vivify-the same. Testament-test-is, a witness. Vocal-vox, voc-is, voice. Testamentary-testament. Voluntary —volunt-as, will. Testator-test-is, a witness. Votary-vot-utn, a vow. Testify —the same. WTarmness —warm. Texture-texo, text-urn, to Waxen-wax. weave. Weaponless-weapon. Theological-theology. Widen-wide. Timid-timn-eo, to fear. Widowhood-widow. Timidity-timid. Woolly —wool. Torrid-torr-eo, to parch. Workmanship-workman. Township-town. Worldliness-worldly. Tradition-trado, tradit-um, to Yellowish-yellow. give. Yeomanry-yeoman. Transgressor-transgress. Youthful-youth. Translation-translate. Zealous-zeal. Treatment-treat. LATIN AND OTHER ROOIS. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS. PRONUNCIATION. The rules to be observed in the pronuncia. tion of Latin and Greek, differ but slightly from those laid down for our own language. It is important, however, to bear in mind: 1. That every vowel or diphthong must be enunciated. Accordingly, miles is pronounced mi-les; mare, mtar-e; arche, arch-e; botane, botan-e. 2. That the diphthongs x and ce have the sound of e..des is pronounced Edes; evum, evumn; pesna, pena; feedus,fedus. 3. That ch is always sounded like k: as, achos, pronounced akos; echeo, ekeo; chir, kir; chylos, kylos. 4. That in the Latin c and g are hard before a, o, and u, and soft before e (c, ce), i and y. Calo is pronounced kalo; colo, kolo; cura, kura; cedo, sedo; civis, sivis. In Galliat, lego, gutta, the g is sounded like the same letter in the English word go; in gelu and gibbus, like g in giant. In the Greek roots c (x) and g are always sounded hard. 5. That dissyllables have the accent on the first syllable: allo a'ger, ca'nis. For the pronunciation of the roots from the French and other lan. guages, we do not deem it necessary to make any provision. The roots of this character are so few, and, in regard to the French especially, all written instruction is so unserviceable, that, if the pupil feels any desire for such information, he must seek it in the proper books or from proper teachers. In prosecuting the study of Etymology, it should be noticed that the form of the Latin or Greek word is subject to great variation, in order to express its number and case, or voice, mood, &c.; and, as our words are derived- sometimes from one, and sometimes from another of these forms, two or more derivatives may differ very much in their appearance, although they spring from the same root. Thus, core, cournage, and encourage come from cor (the TNom. of the Lat. for heart); while accord, cordial, and discordant come from cordis (the Gen). Component and postpone come from polno (zd. pires.); compose and position from positi-n (Sapine). In the same manner from corpus (ATom.z), we have corpse and corputscle, and fromn corporis (Ge?.), corporeal and in corporate; fEomrn a'o (lnd. pres..), age?,, cogen;, and ecigenecy, and from cctznm (,5pi'/ n ie). y actliot?, actcel, and n s:eactf. 69 70 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. A slight modification in the form of the derivative arises from the change of e and of a the primitives into i in the compounds and derivatives. Thus, ten 3,, wnaen it takes con, per, or any other prefix, becomes conlineo, pertineo, and the corresponding English derivatives,A le tsz;lwt, conltinent, and pertinent. Froia sapio we have sapid, sclpient, and insipid, insipience. Also w is sometimes changed into i; as, from hedo, lwszenm, 2ome collido, colliszun: azt into ut; as, from claudo come concludo, conclusum, &c..Icee o, to be sour or acid..9eef-ut~.. vinegar. ACEs'CENT, tending to sourness. | ACE'TOUS, like vinegar.,ieeb - s, bitter, sour. AcER'nITY, bitterness. I EXAC'ERBATE, to imbitter. VCed- s, tart, sharp. ACID'ULATE, to tinge with acid. I ACID'ITY, sourness..Icr-is, sharp. AC'RID, sharp. 1 Ac'RIMONY, sharpness, severity. /cae~-o, acut-un,, to sharpen. ACU'MEN, sharpness of intellect. I ACUTE', penetrating..ad zlat-1n, (ab adulor), to flatter. ADULA'TION, flattery..eger, a heap. EXAG'GERATE, to heighten; to magnify. Ig z,-.s, nimble. AGMILE, quick; active. I AGIL'ITY, nimbleness.,/gH'e-0 to drive, to stir. AG'ITATE, to put in motion to COG'ITATE, to think. disturb. [tion. INCOG'ITATIVE,wanting the pow' AGIT/'TION, disturbance; emo- er of thought.,1g-.o act-8sui, to do, to act. ACT, to do; to perform. ENACT', to perform; to decree. Ac'TIVE, busy; quick, EXACT', strict; accurate. AC'TOR, a stage-player. INAC'TIoN, rest. AC'TION, a deed; an operation. IN'DIGENT, poor; needy. AC'TUATE, to put in action. NAV'IGABnLE, fit for the passage AGENT, a substitute; a factor. of vessels. CIRCUMNAV'IGATE, to sail round. PRoD'IGAL, a spendthrift. COACT', to act together. REACT', to act again; to resist. CO'GENT, forcible. [der. TRANSACT', to perform; to maCOUNTERACT,' to oppose; to hin- nage. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 71.ger, a gri, a field. AGRA'RIAN, relating to the field. AGRICTrT'TURE, the art of cultiAGRICUL'TURAL, relating to agri- vating the ground. culture. PER'EGRINATE, to travel..gi-fs, a enic s,~ another, foreign. A'LIEN, a foreigner. NA'LIENABLE, that cannot be A'LIAS, otherwise. transferred..4-o,9 alg t ~u to nourish. AL'IMENT, food; nourish- AL'MONER, an officer who dis. ment. tributes alms. AL'IMONY, the allowance to a ALMS, gifts to the poor. divorced woman. COALITI'ON, union; league. ip-ces, the Alps. AL'PINE, pertaining to the.CIsAL'PINE, on this side of the Alps. Alps..gfer,, another, change. AL'TER, to change. I UNAL'TERABLE, unchangeable..gfEerus by turns. ALTER'NATE, by turns; in suc- I ALTER'NATIVE, a choice of two cession. things. I-gss, high. AL'TITUDE, height; elevation. | ALTIS'ONANT, high-sounding. ALTIL'OQUENCE, lofty speech. EXALT', to raise; to elevate..1mbagl-o, to walk. AM'BLE, a gentle trot. j PERA'BULATE, to walk through - ac.uas, a friend. AM'ITY, friendship. EN'MITv, hatred. AM'ICABLE, friendly; kind. INIM'ICAL, unfriendly; hostile. ~.m-o, to love..1mor, love, A'MIABLE, worthy of love. AMATEUR', a lover of the fine AMOUR', an affair of love; an arts. intrigue. AM'ATORY, relating to love. AM'OROUS, inclined to love. ENAM'OR, to inflame with love. J ~g~mpus9 large. AM'PLE, full; wide. AMPLIFICA'TION, enlargement. AM rPLIFY, to enlarge; to exag- Am'PLITUDE, largeness; ex gerate. tent..,/1g-o (anxi), to vex. AN'cmrsis, intense pain. ANXI'ETY, concern; solicitude. AN'GER, resentment; rage. ANx'Ious, solicitous; concerned 72 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. 9g'ul-ts, an angle. ANG'LE, a corner. REC'TANGLE, a right-angled paAN'GULAR, having angles. rallelogram. MULTANG'ULAR, many cornered. SEPTANG'ULAR, having seven PENTANG'ULAR, five cornered. angles. [angles QUAD'RANGLE, a square. TRI'ANGLE, a figure of three ~,ira.9~a wind, the vital air. AN'ImAL, a living creature. AN'IMATE, to make alive. ANIMAL'CULE, a minute ani- EXAN'IZMATE, lifeless; dead. rmal. INANIIMATE, void of life. ANImAL'ITY, animal existence. REAN'IMATE, to restore to life..itim-us~, the mind. ANDIADVERT', to consider; to MAGNANIM'ITY, greatness of pass censure. mind. ANIMADVER'SION, reproof; cen- MAGNAN'IMIOvS, brave; noble. sure. PUSIILLANIMIA'ITV, cowardice. ANI:MOS'ITY, hatred; malignity. UNANIM'ITYoagreement. ~EQUANIIM'ITY, evenness of mind. UrAN'IMOUS, of one mind. wSna7 -$s9 a year. AN'NALS, yearly records. MILLEN'NIUIM, a thousand years. AN'NALIST, a writer of annals. OCTEN'NIAL, in every eighth ANNIVER'SARY, a stated day, corn- year. ing once in every year. PEREN'NIAL, lasting through the AN'NUAL, yearly. year; perpetual. ANNU'ITY, a yearly allowance. SEPTEN'NIAL, happening every ANNU'ITANT, one who has an seven years. annuity. SUPERAN'NUATE, to impair by BI:N'NIIAL, in every two years. age. CENTEN'NIAL, occurring every TRIEN'NIAL, happening every hundred years. third year. J.!, t-usss a ring. AN'NULAR, having the form of a ring. -f qut-zs, old or ancient. AN'TIQUARY, one versed in an- ANTIQUE', ancient; of old fatiquity. shion. AN'TIQUARIAN, relating to an- ANTIQ'UITY, old times. tiquity. AN'CIENT, old; antique. AN'TIQUATE, to make obsolete. AN'TIC, odd; fanciful. ~.per.i-o, pert-em,' to open. APE'RIENT, gently purgative. I AP'ERTURE, an opening; a hole..1pis, a bee. API'ARY, a place where bees are kept..pt-.ss, fit, meet. ADAPT', to fit; to adjust. AP'TITUDE, fitness. APT, fit; ready. INAP'TITUDE, unfitness. LATIN AND OTHEL ROOTS. 73./gqua, water. AQUAT'IC, pertaining to water. A'QQUEOTS, watery. A'QUEDUCT, a channel for TERRA'QUEOUS, composed of land water. and water. Aquil-a, an eagle. AQ'UILINE, resembling an eagle; hooked..r-o, to plough. AR'ABLE, fit for tillage. J INAR'ABLE, not arable. Arbiter, arb Ztr-i, an umpire or judge. ARBITER, a judge; an umpire. AR'BITRATE,to decidei tojudgeof. ARBIT'RADIENT, will; award. AR/BITRARY,despotic; unlimited. drbor, a tree. AR'BOR, a bower. AR'BORIST, one who makes trees AR'BORARY, belonging to trees. his study. lrc-~us, a bow. ARCH, a hollow structure sup- ARCH'ER, he that shoots with a ported by its own curve. bow. drd~-o, ars-im, to burn. AR'DENT, hot; passionate. AR'DOR, passion; zeal. [ing. AR'DENCY, eagerness; heat. ARs'oN, the crime of houseburn-.rcen-a, sand. ARENA'CEOUS, sandy. I ARENOSE', full of sand..Ire-o, to be dry. AREFAC'TION, a drying. | AR'ID, dry; parched.,2rgu.-o, to argue. An'GUE, to reason; to dispute. I AR'GUMENT, a reason alleged. 1rnm-at, arms. ARM, to furnish with arms. AR'MOR, defensive arms. ARMA'DA, a fleet of war. AR'MORY, a place for arms. AR'MAMENT, a force equipped ARMS, weapons. [men. for war. AR'My, a large body of armed AR'MISTICE, a cessation of hos- DISARM', to deprive of weatilities; a truce. pons. drs9 art-is, art, skill. ART, skill; cunning. ART'IST, one skilled in any art. AR'TIFICE, trick; fraud INARTIFICI'AL, plain; artless. ARTISAN', a mechanic; a work- INERT', inactive; sluggish. nman. UNART'FUL, without craft. rtf~ucgruts, a little joint. ARTICLE, a part of speech; a ARTICUL.ATE, distinct; jointed. single thing. IINARTIC'ULATE, not distinct. 7 74 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. $sin-.us$ an ass. AS'ININE, resembling an ass. I Ass, an animal of burden. 1sper, rough. ASPER'ITY, roughness, harsh- EXAS'PERATE, to enrage; to ness. vex..tra, black. ATRABILA'RIAN, affected with melancholy, or black bile..Itrox, atroc-is, fierce, cruel. ATRO'CI0US, enormous; outrage- I ATROCI'TY, great wickedous. ness..Iudax, awtdac-is, daring. AUDA'CIOus, bold; impudent. i AUDAC'ITY, effrontery; boldness,.Iudi-o, autdit-um, to hi. AU'DIBLE, that can be heard. DISOBEY', to break commands. AU'DIENCE, a hearing; an audi- INAU'DIBLE, not to be heard. tory. [hear. OBEY',to comply with commands AU'DIT, those assembled to OBE'DIENCE, submission../Iug-eo, auct-um, to increase. AUC'TION, a public sale of pro- AUTHOR'ITATIVE, having authoperty to the highest bidder. rity; positive. AUGMENT', to increase. iAU'THORIZE, to give authoAU'THOR, originator; maker. rity. uag oUr, a soothsayer. AU'GUR, to foretell; to predict. INAU'GURATE, to lead into AU'GURY, prediction by omens. office with suitable ceremonies _4ur-is, the ear. AU'RICLE, the external ear. I AURIC'ULAR, told in secret. duster-us,, severe, rigid. AUSTERE', severe, harsh. ] AUSTER'ITY, severity; rigor..zuxili..um, aid, help. AUXIL'IAR, assisting. I AUXIL'IARY, a helper. A.vant (Fr.), before, forward. AVANT'GUARD, the van. DISADVAN'TAGE, loss; injury. ADVANCE,' to go forward. VAN, the front of an army. [dier. ADVANTAGE, superiority; gain. VAN'COURIER, a light-armed solavid-nus, greedy. AVID'ITY, eagerness; greediness. dyv-is, a bird. A'VIARY, a place for birds LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 75 Babel (Heb.), confusion. BA'BEL, confusion; disorder. I BAB'YLON, an ancient empire. Bacea-us., the god of wine. BACCHANA'LIAN, relating to re- DEBAUCHEE', a rake; a drunkvelry. ard. DEBAUCH', to corrupt; to ruin. DEBAUcH'ERY, intemperance. Barb-a, a beard. BAR'BER, one who shaves the beard. Barbar-us, rude, savage. BAR'BAROuS, rude; uncivilized. BAR'BARISM, inhumanity; ignoBARBA'RIAN, a savage. rance of arts. BARBAR'IC, foreign, rude. BARBAR'ITr, brutality. Barre (Fr.), a bar, a stop. BAR, a long piece of wood or BAR'RIER, a boundary; a metal.:> stop. BARRICADE', to fortify. EMBARIRASS,~tO perplex. Beat-us, happy. BEAT'IFY, to bless; to make I BEAT'ITUDE, blessedness; perhappy. feet felicity. Beau, belle (Fr.), fair, beautiful. BEAU, a man of dress. BELLE, a gay young lady. BEAU'TY, fairness; elegance. EMBEL'LISH, to adorn. Bell-umn war. BELLIG'ERENT, waging war. i REBEL', to rise against lawful BELLIP'OTENT, mighty in war. authority. Bene, good, well. BENEDIC'TION, blessing. BENEF'ICENT, kind; doing good. BENEFAC'TION, a benefit con- BENEFICI'AL,'advantageous. ferred. BENEFIC'IARY, a person beneBENEFAC'TOR, he who confers a fitted. [rity. benefit. BENEV'OLENCE, good will; chaBetignu-us, kind, liberal. BENIGN', kind; generous. | BENIG'NITY, actual kindness. Bib/-o, to drink, 1B3D'BER, a tippler; a sot. | IMBIBE,'to drink n, to admit. Biglis, the bile. BirL'IOs, pertaining to the| ANTIBIL'IOuS, remedying bilious bile disorders. 76 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Blin-i, two by two. Mis, two. BIEN'NIAL, in every two years. BI'PED, an animal with two BIG'AMY, the having two wives feet. at once. Bis'CUIT, a kind of bread. BIG'A.MIST, one guilty of bigamy. BISECT', to divide into two equal BI'NARY, two; double. parts. BINOC ULAR, having two eyes. COMBINE', to join together. Bland-us, soothing, gentle. BLAND, soft; mild. I BLAN'DISII, to smooth; to soften. Bon-us, good. BOUN'TY, liberality. j BOUN'TEOUS, liberal; kind. Brachi-um, an arni. BRACH'IAL, belonging to the arm. Brev-is, short, brief. ABBRE'VIATE, to shorten. BREV'ITY, conciseness; shortABRIDGE', to abbreviate. ness. BREV'IARY, an abridgment. BRIEF, short; concise. BriUl-er (Fr.), to sparkle. BRILL'IANT, shining; sparkling. I BRILL'IANCY, lustre; splendor. Brt-u8s, brute, senseless. BRU'TAL, like a brute. I BRU'TISH, bestial; ferocious. Btue -a, a bubble in water. BOIL, to bubble from heat. | EBULLITI'ON, act of boiling. Cad-.o, cas-.um, to fall. AC'CIDENT, casualty; chance. DECAY', to rot; to decline. CA'DENCE,~the tone or sound. DEcID'Uous, falling; dying. CASCADE', a waterfall. IN'CIDENT, an event. CASE, condition; state. OccA'sIoN, to cause; to proCAS'UAL,oaccidental, duce. COINCIDE', to agree. OC'CIDENT, the west. Cad-o, cas-um, to cut, to kill. CONCISE', brief; short. INCISED', cut; made by cutting. DECIDE', to determine. INCISI'ON, a cut; a gash. DECISI'oN, determination. INFAN'TICIDE, the murder of an DECI'SIVE, conclusive; final. infant. [parent. EXCISE', a tax. PARRICIDE, the murder of a FRAT'RICIDE, the murder of a PRECISE', exact; strict. brother. PRECISI'ON, exactness. HOI'ICIDE, manslaughter. REGICIDE, the murder of a king. TIOMICI'DAL, murderous. SuICIDE, self-murder. Calamlt-as', a misfortune. CALAM'ITY, misfortune. I CALAM'ITOUS, full of woe. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 77 Calcul-us," a small stone, a pebble. CAL'CULATE, to compute; to INCAL'CULABLE, that cannot be reckon. calculated. Ceale-o, to be warm. Cafo'9, heat. CALEFAC'TION, the act of heating. CALORIF'IC, causing heat. CAL'DRON, a pot; a boiler. INCALES'CENCE, a growing warm. CALOR'IC, heat. SCALD, to burn with a hot fluid. Calumni-a, calumny. CAL'UMNY, slander; false accu- CALJUM'NIOUS, slanderous. sation. CALvM'NIATE, to slander. Camp-us, a plain; tents in the field. CAMP, the place of an army. I DECAMP', to shift a camp. CAMPAIGN', a military year. ENCAMP', to pitch tents. Cande-o, to be white, to glow. CAN'DOR, frankness; openness. CHANDELIER', a branch for canCAN'DID, fair; open. dies. CAN'DIDATE,* one proposed for INCEN'DIARY, one who maliciousoffice, or preferment. [&c. ly sets houses, &c., on fire. CAN'DLE,'a light made of tallow, INCENSE', to enrage; to provoke. EXCANDES'CENCE, white heat. INCEN'TIVE, a motive; a spur. Can-is, a dog. CAN'INE, relating to the dog. C a;o, c~ant-um, to sing. Ac'cErNT, a stress of voice. CHANT, to sing. ACCENT'UATE, to mark or pro- DECANT', to pour off gently. nounce with accents. [slang. DESCANT', to sing; to discourse. CANT, affected mannerof speech; ENCHANT', to charm. CAN'TICLE, a song. INCANTA'TION, an enchantment. CAN'TO, a section of a poem. RECANT,' to retract. Ceap -o, capt..rm, to take. ACCEPT', to take; to receive. CONCEIVE', to think. ACCEPT'ABLEr,grateful; pleasing. CONCEP'TION, notion; thought. ANTIC'IPATE, to take or do be- DECEIVE', to cheat; to mislead. forehand; to foretaste. DECEIT', fraud; a cheat. CAPA'CIOUs, wide; large. DECEP'TION, act of deceiving. CAP'TIVATE, to take prisoner. EMAN'CIPATE, to free from serviCAP'TIVE, one taken in war. tude. CAP'TOR, he who takes prisoners. EXCEPT', to leave out. CAP'TURE, a seizure; a prize. IMPERCEP'TIBLE, not to be perCONCEIT', fancy; opinion. ceived. * Those who sought preferments among the Romans, were called Candidatt, from a white robe (toga candida) worn by them, which was rendered shining (candens) by the art of the fuller. 7* 78 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. [NOCAPABLE, unable; unfit. PREOC'CUPY, to occupy previ INCAPAC'ITY, inability. ously. INTERCEPT', to stop; to seize. PRINCE, a sovereign; a ruler. MISCONCEP'TION, a false opinion. PRIN'CIPLE, cause; motive. OC'CUPANCY, a holding. RECEIVE', to take; to adrhit. Oc'cupy, to possess. RECEIPT', an ackcnowledgment PARTIC'IPATE,OtO share. for money paid. PAR'TICIPLE, a part of speech. RECEPT'ACLE, that which re. PERCEIVEW, to see; to know. ceives or contains. PRE'CEPT, a rule; a mandate. RECEP'TION, a receiving. PRECONCEIVE', to imagine be- REc'IPE,*amedical prescription. forehand. RECIP'IENT, a receiver. Capill-us, the hair. CAPrILLARY, like hair; minute. Caput, capit-is, the head. C(AP, a covering for the head. CHAP'TER, a division of a CAP'ITALt, chief; principal. book. CAPITA'TION, counting by heads. DECAP'ITATE, to behead. CAPIT'ULATE, to surrender on PREc'IPICE, a headlong steep. conditions. PRECIP'ITANCE, rash, haste. CAP'TAIN, a chief commander. RECAPIT'ULATE, to repeat. Carbo, carboe-is, a coal. CARBON'IC, containing carbon. I CAR'BUNCLE,~a gem; a tumor. Career, a prison. INCAR'CERATE, to imprison. Cardo, cardin-is, a hinge. CAR'DINAL,Ochief; principal. Caro, car,.-isg flesh. CAR'NAGE, slaughter. CHAR'NEL, holding dead boCAR'NAL, fleshly; lustful. dies. CARNIV'OROTS, flesh-eating. INCAR'NATE, clothed with flesh. Car-us, dear, kind. CARESS', to fondle. I CHEPR'ISH, to support; to nurse. Castig-o, to chastise, to punish. CAS'TIGATE, to chastise; to CIIAS'TEN, to correct; to punishO whip. CHAS'TISEMIENT, punishment. Cast-us, pure, chaste. CHASTE, pure; uncorrupt. I CHAS'TITY, purity. Caten-a, a chain. CATENA'RIAN, relating to a CONCAT'ENATE, to link tochain. gether. * This is the imperative mood of the Latin verb, recipio. In medical pre. criptions written in Latin, it is the first word used —"Recipe" (" take"), &e. t Capital crimes or punishments are those involving a loss of the head. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS 79 Cavafl-o (Ital.), a horse. CAV'ALCADE, a procession on CAVALIER,' an armed horseman. horseback. CAV'ALRY, mounted troops. Cavfufs, hollow. CAV'ITY, a hollow place. CON'CAVE, hollow. CAV'ERN, a cave; a den. EX'CAVATE, to hollow out. Caus-a, a cause. AccusE',0to charge with a crime. I ExcvsE', to pardon; to remit. CAuse, reason; motive. INEXCU'SABLE, not to be excused. Cadut{o, cautios-ts, caution. CAU'TION, foresight; warn- IINCAU'TIOUS, unwary. ing. PRECAU'TION, previous care. Ced-o, cess-.m, to go, to yield. ACCEDE', to assent; to agree. INACCES'SIBLE, not to be apAccEss', approach; admission. proached. AN'CESTOR, a forefather. INTERCEDE/, to mediate. ANCES'TRAL, relating to ances- INTERCES'SION, mediation. tors. PRECEDE', to go before. AN'CESTRY, lineage; a series of PREDECES'SOR, one going before. ancestors. PROCEED', to go on; to advance. ANTECE'DENT, going before. PRoc'Ess, a progress; a method. CEASE, to leave off; to stop. RECEDE,' to retreat. CEDE, to yield; to resign. RECESS', a place of retreat. CEs'SION, the act of yielding. SECEDE', to withdraw from. CONCEDE', to yield; to grant. SECESSI'ON, the act of seceding. CONCES'SION, the act of granting. SUCCEED', to follow; to prosper. DECEASE', death. SUCCESS', fortune; prosperity. EXCEED', to go beyond; to excel. SUCCES'sIvE, following in order. EXCESS', superfluity. SUCCES'SOR, one that follows INCES'SANT, unceasing.. another. Celebr-is, renowned. CEL'EBRATE,to praise; to extol. I CELEB RITY, fame; renown. Celer, swift. ACCEL'ERATE, to hasten; to CELER'ITY, rapidity; speed. quicken. Cmvele-s, single, unmarried. CEL'IBACY, single life. CEl-a7, a cellar. CELL, a small, close room. CEL'LULAR, consisting of little CEL'LAR, a room under a house. cells'or cavities. Cezs s,. high. EXCEL', to outdo; to surpass. [ EX'CELLENCE, purity; goodness 80 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Cel-o, to hide. CONCEAL', to hide; to secrete. I INCONCEA'LABLE, not to be hid. C'es-eo, c~ensuz, to judge, to value, to blame. CENso'RIOUS, apt to censure. I CEN'SUS, an enumeration of the CEN'SURE, to blame; to condemn. people. Cent-num a hundred. CENT, a coin 100 of which= $1. CEN'TIPEDE,an insect with many CEN'TURY, a hundred years. feet. CENTEN'NIAL, occurring every CENTU'RION, a Roman military hundred years. officer, commanding 100 men. Cer-a, wax. CERE, to cover with wax. [&c. INSINCERE', not hearty; false. CE'RATE, an ointment of wax, oil, SINcER'ITYrohonesty; purity. Ceremoni-a, a rite, a form. CER'EMONY, outward rite. I CEREMO'NIOUS, civil; formal. Cern-o, cretaum, to sift, to distinguish. CONCERN', business; care. INDISCREET', imprudent. DECREE', an edict; a law. INDISCRIM'INATE,not makingany DECRE'TAL, a book of decrees. distinction. DISCERN',~tO descry; to judge. SE'CRET,~concealed; private. DIsCRETI'ON,~ prudence. SECRETE', to hide; to conceal. DISCRIM'INATE, to distinguish. SEC'RETARY, one who writes for INDISCER'NIBLE, not perceptible. another. Cert-o, to contend. CONCERT',t0o settle; to contrive. | PRECONCERT'ED, contrived beDISCONCERT', to disturb. forehand. Cert-usg certain, sure. ASCERTAIN', to make certain. CERTIF'ICATE, a testimony in CER'TAIN, sure; undoubted. writing. CER'TIFY, to assure. UNCER'TAIN, doubtful. Cerage-a s, blue.'CERU'LEAN, sky-colored; blue. C~ - zs, a whale. CETA'CEOUS, of the whale kind. Clheval (Fr.), a horse. CHEVALIER', a knight; a gal- CHIV'ALRY, knighthood; valant man. lor. CIMar-us, a company of singers. CHOIR, a band of singers. CHOR'ISTER, a singer. (Ho'RAL, belonging to a choir. CHo'RUs, a number of singers. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 81 Cing -o, cinch-urn, to bind. CINC'TURE, a belt; a sash. I SUCCINCT', concise; brought into PRECINCT', a boundary. small compass. Circul-.ss, a ring. CIR'CLE, a round plane space. CIR'CULATE, to spread; to difCITR'CULAR, round like a circle. fuse. ENCIR'CLE, to surround. SEMICIR'CLE, a half circle. Cit-o, to call, to stir up. CITE, to summon; to quote. RECITE', to rehearse; to repeat. EXCITE', to rouse; to animate. RESUS'CITATE, to revive; to 1NCITE', to stir up; to urge on. bring back to life. Civ-'s, a citizen. CIT'Y, a large corporate town. CIv'Ic, relating to civil affairs or CIT'IZEN, an inhabitant of a city honors. or state. CIv'IL,orelating to the commuUNCIV'IL, impolite; rude. nity; well-bred. Clams-o,7 camat-um, to cry, to shout. ACCLAIm', to give applause. DISCLAIM', to disown; to deny. ACCLAMA'TION, a shout of ap- EXCLAIM', to cry out. plause. EXCLAMA'TION,vehement outcry. CLAIM, to demand of right. PROCLAIM',0to publish. CLAM'OR, outcry; noise. PROCLAMA'TION, a public notice. DECLAIM', to harangue. RECLAIM', to reform, to recall. Cgar-us, clear. CLAR'IFY, to purify. CLAR'ION, a kind of trumpet. CLARIFICA'TION, the act of mak- CLEAR, bright; serene.. ing clear. DECLARE', to make known. Class-sO a fleet. CLASS, a rank; a division. CLAS'SIFY, to arrange in classes. CLAS'SIC, relating to authors of CLASSIFIcA'TION, a ranging into the first rank; elegant. classes. Clazzd-ov, c~aus-.u, to shut. LAUSE, a part of a sentence; a ENCLOSE', to shut in; to surstipulation. round. CLOSE, end; cessation. EXCLUDE', to shut out; to debar. CLO'SET, a small, private room.- EXCLU'SION, a shutting out. CONCLUDE', to determine; to INCLO'SURE, a space enclosed. finish. INCLUDE', to admit; to comprise. CONCLU'SION,~ determination; INCO0NCLU'SIVE, not decisive. close. PRECLUDE', to hinder or prevent. DISCLOSE', to reveal; to tell. RECLUSE', a solitary person. DISCLo'SURE, discovery. SECLUDE', to shut up apart. 82 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Clemens, clement-is, mild. CLEM'ENCY, mercy; mildness. INCLEM'ENT, severe; rough. Clin-o, to bend; to lean. DECLEN'SION, fall; degeneracy. INCLINE', to bend; to lean. DECLINE', to fail; to refuse. RECLINE', to lean back. Cliv-us, a slope, an ascent. ACCLIV'ITY, steepness up- I CLIFF, a steep rock. wards. DECLIV'ITY, gradual descent. CoZo, cult-um, to till; to inhabit. AG'RICULTURE, the art of culti- CUL'TIVATE, to- till; to imvating the ground. prove. COL'oNY,O a settlement. CUL'TURE, cultivation; tillage. Color, color, hue. COL'OR, hue; tint. j DISCoL'OR, to stain. Comes, comit-is, a companion. CONCOM'ITANT, going with. COUN'TY, a shire; a disCOUNT, a title of nobility. trict. Concili-o, to make friends. CONCIL'IATE,tOWin; toreconcile. J REC'ONCILE, to adjust. Contrae against, opposite to. CON'TRARY, opposite; adverse. COUN'TER, contrary to. CONTRAST', to place in opposi- COUNTERACT', to act contrary tion. to. Copi-, plenty. Co'PIOUS, plentiful; abundant. I CORNUCO'PIu, the horn of plenty. Corpula, a band. COP'ULA, a connective. I COU'PLE, two; a pair. CoP'ULATE, to unite; to conjoin. COUP'LET, two verses. Coqu-o, coct-unm, to boil; to digest. COOK, one who prepares victuals. DECc'TION, a preparation made CONCOCT', to digest; to ripen. by boiling. Cor~, cordi s, the heart. ACCORD'?,to agree; to harmonize. Dis'coRD,Odisagreement. CoN'cORD,~agreement; union. DiscouR'AGE, to depress; to COR'DIAL, warm; hearty. deter. CORE, the heart; the inner part. ENCOUR'AGE, to animate. COUR'AGE, bravery; valor. RECORD', to register. Cori-um, a skin or hide. joRIA'CEOUs, consisting of lea- CUR'RIER, one who dresses leather. ther. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 83 Corn-m, a horn. COR'NEA, the horny coat of the CORNU-Co'PIr, the horn of eye. plenty. COR'NET, a musical instrument. UNICORN', a beast with one horn. Coron,-a a crown. CORONA'TION, the act of crown- CROWN, an ornament for a lcing's ing. head. [crown<. COR'ONET, a little crown. UNCROWN', to deprive of a Corpj s, corpor-is, a body. COR'PORAL, relating to the body. CORPS, a body of soldiers. CORPO'REAL, having a body; not CORP'ULENCE, fulness of body. spiritual. INCOR'PORATE, to embody. Cost-a, a rib or side. COS'TAL, belonging to the INTERCOS/TAL, placed between ribs. the ribs. Court-ir (Fri.), to cover, to hide. COV'ER, to overspread. COV'ERT, a shelter; a defence. COV'ERLET, the upper covering DISCOV'ER, to reveal; -make of a bed. known. Cr'as, to-morrow. PROCRAS'TINATE, to put off. Cred-o, credit-am, to believe. CRE'DENCE, belief; credit. CRED'IT, belief; reputation. CRED'IBLE, worthy of credit. CRED'ULOUS, apt to believe. CRED'ITOR, he to whom money CREED, religious belief. is owed. [lieve. DISCRED'IT, to disgrace. CREDU'LITY, inclination to be- INCRED'IBLE, surpassing belief. Cre-o, creat-g9m, to create. CREATE,' to form; to cause. REC'REANT, cowardly; false. CREA'TURE, a being created. RECREA'TION, amusement; diMISCREA'TED, deformed. version. Crcp-o, ~repit-.tm, to crackle. CREV/ICE, a crack; a cleft. DISCREP'ANCY, difference; con DECREP'IT, broken down by age. trariety. Crese-o, cret-urn, to grow. ACCRUE', to arise from. DECREASE', to grow less. CONCRETE', grown together into EXCRES'CENCE, a fleshy protube. one mass. rance; a tumor. CRES'CENT, the shape of the INcREASE', to make greater. new moon. RECRUIT', to repair; to supply 84 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Crirnen, cri~m-iXs, a crime, an accusation. CRIME, an offence; a great CRIM'INAL, faulty; guilty. fault. RECRIM'INATE, to retort a charge. CuxSg crae-C s3 the cross. CRoss, one straight body laid at CRU'CIFY, to nail to a cross. right angles over another. CRU'cIFIx, a cross bearing an CRO'SIER, a bishop's staff. [pot. image of our Saviour. CRU'CIBLE, a chemist's melting EXCRU'CIATE, to torture. Crust-a,, a crust. CRUST, an outer coat; a case. i INCRUST', to cover with a crust. Cub-o, to lie down. Cun, the young of a beast. PROCUM'BENT, lying down. ENCUM'BER, to burden. RECUX'BENCE, rest; repose. INCUM'BENT, resting upon. SUCCUMB', to yield; to submit. Cule-o, to tread upon. INCUL'CATE, to impress by admonitions. Cu n-a', a kitchen. CU'LINARY, relating to cookery. C pa, a fault, blame. CUL'PABLE, guilty; blamable. I EXCUL'PATE, to excuse. Cam3g=o, to heap up. ACCU'MULATE, to heap up. I CU'MULATIVE, heaped up. Caune -s a wedge. CU'NEAL, relating to a wedge. | CU'NEIFORm, wedge-shaped. CJupio, ~Cupg-ug g to desire. Cupid-us, eager. CUPID'ITY, eager desire. j Cov'ET, to wish for. Cu'-na, care. AC'CURATE, exact; correct. INAC'CURATE, not exact. AC'CURACY, exactness. INSECUTRE', not safe. CARE, solicitude; anxiety. PROCURE', to obtain; to acquire. CURE, to heal; to restore health. PRox'Y,~a substitute. CU'RACY, the office of a curate. SECU'RITY, safety. CU'RATE,Oa parish priest. SI'NECURE, an office of profit CU'RIous, inquisitive; rare. without employment. Curr-o, ~c'ars-m to run. CAREER', a course; a race. CUR'RENT, common; popular CAR'RY, to convey; to transport. CUR'SORz, hasty; slight. ICONICOURSE,oa gathering. DIscOURSE', conversation; CONCUR', to agree. speech. (COU'RIER, a messenger sent in ExcuR'SION, a ramble; a jourhaste. ney. COURSE, career; progress. INCUIR', to become liable to. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 85 [N'TERCOURSE, communication. PRECUR'SOR, a forerunner. OccaR', to happen. RECOURSE', appeal to for help. OCCUR'RENCE, an accidental RECUR',tO rehappen; to return. event. SUccoR,~ to help; to relieve. Curv-us, crooked, bent. CUR'VATURE, crookedness. CURVILIN EAR, composed of CURVE, a bent line. | curved lines. Cut-is, the skin. CU'TICLE, the thin outer skin. i CUTA'NEOUs, affecting the skin. Csti-o, ~c88ss-t, to shake. CoNcvssI'oN, a striking together. I Discuss', to debate. @Co ium, (Fr.), habit. Accus'ToM, to habituate. C. Cus'ToM, habit; usage. mngRume 1 0loss, hurt. CONDEMN', to find guilty; to INDEM'NIFY, to secure against blame. loss. DAALN, to curse; to condemn. INrDEM'NITY, security from loss. Mebil-.s weak. DEBIL'ITY, weakness; languor. I DEBIL'ITATE, to weaken. Debit-iss, a due. DEBT, a sum due. DEBT'OR, one who is in debt. DEB'IT, to charge with debt. INDEBT', to bind by debt. Deccns, becoming. DE'CENT, becoming; fit. | INDE'CENCY, want of modesty. Dijecor, grace, comeliness. DECORA'TION, ornament. DECO'RUM, propriety of conduct iDe-uss a god. DE'IST, one who believes in God DE'ITY, the Divine Being. but denies revelation. DIRE, dreadful; dismal. /negZcg=~ niceties. DELIcI'os, sweet; agreeable. DEL'ICATE, nice; soft. DEL'ICACY, softness; politeness. IJNDEL'ICATE, wanting delicacy. /ens-uss, thick, close. CONDENSE', to compress. I DENSE', compact; thick. BDezs dent-iss a tooth. DEN'TAL, belonging to the INDENT', to notch. teeth. INDEN'TURE,* a covenant. DENTIC'ULATED, set with small TRI'DENT, an instrument having teeth. three prongs. * So called from the notches in the edge of the paper or parchment on whicb it is written. 8 86 FIRST 1300K OF ETYMOLOGY. Deterior, worse. DETE'RIORATE, to impair; to DETERIORA'TION, the act of magrow worse. king worse. Dexter, right-handed. DEXTER'ITY, readiness. Di-es, a day. DI'ARY, a daily account. DIUR'NAL, daily. DIs'MAL, sorrowful; gloomy. MERID'IAN, noon; mid-day. tDi-o, dicat-us m, to set apart, to show. AB'DICATE, to resign. IN'DICATE, to point out. DED'ICATE, to devote. PREDIC'AMENT, condition; class. IN'DEX, a pointer. PRED'ICATE, to affirm. Dic-o, dict-~,e to speak. ADDICT', to devote. INTERDICT', to prohibit. BENEDIC'TION,~a blessing. JURISDIC'TION, legal authority DIC'TATE, to give commands. extent of power. DIC'TION, style; language. MALEDIC'TION, a curse. DIC'TIONARY, a book defining CONTRADICT', to gainsay. the words of a language. PREDICT', to foretell; to foreENDITE', to compose. show. INDICT', to impeach; to accuse. VER'DICT, the decision of a jury. Diig~ =- s, worthy. CONDIGN', merited. DIG'NITY, true honor; rank. DEIGN, to condescend. DISDAIN', to scorn. DIG'NIFY, to exalt; to honor. INDIG'NANT, enraged. Di~avx4-sam, the deluge. ANTEDILU'VIAN, one that lived | DEL'UGE, a flood. before the flood. POSTDILU'VIAN, after the flood. Discipjtt.-'s a disciple. DISCI'PLE, a follower. I DIS'CIPLINE, instruction; rule. Div-ss, a god. DIVINE', godlike; heavenly. I DIVI'I'ITY, the Deity; theology. Do9, d~-6. m., to give. ABSCOND', to hide one's self. DATE, a particular time. [tion. ADD, to join to. ED'IT, to superintend a publicaADDITI'ON, the act of adding. MAN'DATE, a command. COMMAND', to govern; to order. PERDITI'ON, ruin; death. CoNDITI'oN, quality; state. SUBDUE', to crush; to conquer. Doc.cooe, doc-u,m to teach. Doc'ILE, easily taught. DOC'TRINE, a principle; a preDoCIL'ITY, aptness to be taught. cept. DockTOR,O the title of a learned DOC'UMENT, a record. man. INDOC'TRINATE, to instruct. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 87 Dogma, dog'mat-is a tenet, an opinion. DOG'MA, a settled principle. DOG'MATIST, one who teaches DOGMAT'IC, positive; arrogant. with an air of authority. Dole-o, to grieve. CONDOLE', to lament with others. j Do'LOR, grief; complaint. DOLE'FUL, sorrowful. IN'DOLENCE, idleness. Dtomin-us, a master. DOMAIN', empire; estate. DON, a Spanish title. DOMINEER', to rule with inso- PREDOM'INANCE, superiority. lence. PREDOM'INATE, to prevail over DoMIN'ION, power; territory. the rest. Dom-o, domsit-um, to tame. INDOM'ITABLE, untamable. Dom-zs,7 a house. DOMES'TIC, private; belonging DOM'ICILE, a mansion; a resi to the house or family. dence. Don -rt, a gift. DO'NR a giver; a bestower. DON'ATIVE, a present. DONA'TION, a gift. j DONEE', one who receives a gift Dorm-io, dormit-um,~ to sleep. DOR'MANT, sleeping; concealed. I DOR'MIToRY, a place to sleep in ars'-um; the back. DOR'SAL, relating to the back. I ENDORSE', to write on the back.,os, dotios, a dowry. DO'TAL, relating to a dowry. I ENDOW', to furnish; to enrich. Dbi-us, doubtful. DOUBT uncertainty of mind. I Du'BIOUs, doubtful. D c —o, duet-imr,~ to lead, to bring. ADDUCE', to bring forward. DUC'TILE, flexile; pliable. AQ'UEDUCT, a conveyance for DUKE, a leader; a noble. water. ED'UCATE, to bring up. CONDUCE', to tend; to contri- EDUCE', to bring out. bute. INDUCE', to lead; to persuade. CONDUCT', to lead; to manage. INDUCT', to bring in. CON'DUIT, a water-pipe. INTRODUCES. to. usher in. DEDUCE', to draw from; to infer. I N-TRODUC'To*:serving to introDEDUC'TION, an inference. duce. DU'CAL, pertaining to a duke. 1MISCON'DUCT, ill behavior. Duc'AT,' a European coin. PRODUCE', to bring forth; tc DUCT, a canal; a passage. bear. * This' coin is struck by dukes. In silver it is valued at $1,00; in gold. at $2.11. 88 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. PRODUC'TIVE, capable of produc- SEDUCE', to entice; to corrupt. ing. SEDUC'TIVE, fitted to entice. PROD'UCT, a thing produced. VEN'TIDUCT, a passage for the REDUCE', to diminish; to subdue. air..Dg~ec-is, sweet to the taste. DUL'CET, sweet; luscious. DUL'CIFY, to sweeten. iDur-us, hard, solid. DU'RABLE, lasting. ENDURE', to bear; to last. DURA'TION, continuance. OB'DURATE, stubborn; harsh. Ebari-us, drunk. INE'BRIATE, to intoxicate. j SOBRI'ETY, soberness. Ed-es, for.~des, a house. ED'IFY, to instruct; to improve. I ED'IFICE, a building. Ed-o, to eat. ED'IBLE, fit to be eaten. Eg —eo, to need. IN'DIGENCE, want; penury. I IN'DIGENT, poor; needy. Ego, I. E'GOTIST, one who talks much of himself. Eiecburum, amber. ELEC'TRIC, relating to electri- ELECTRI'CITY,O a subtile fluid city. diffused through most bodies ELEC'TRIFY, to communicate and evolved by friction: —first electricity to. observed in amber. Evao, espta.um~, to buy. EXEMPT', to free from. [tive. PRE-EMP'TION, a right of buying PER'EMPTORY, absolute; posi- before others. PROMPT, quick; ready. REDEEM', to ransom; to rescue. ~Emfulfus, for.7 muls, vying with. EM'ULATE,- to rival. j EI'uLous, rivalling. Uns-is, a sword. EN'SIFORM, sword-shaped. Es9, t-iat-s, being. Esse, to be. AB'SENT,~not present. IN'TEREST, to concern; to affect. ABSENTEE', one who is absent. MISREPRESENT', to represent AB'SENCE, state of being away. falsely. [where. ES'SENCE, the nature of any OMNIPREs'ENcE,'presence everything. PRES'ENT, within sight; near. D)ISIN'TERESTED, without inter- REPRESENT', to describe. est or partiality. UNESSEN'TIAL, not necessary LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 89 Eo, it-u83 to go. AMBITIfON,* desire of honor. OBIT'UARY, relating to the deCIR'CUIT, extent round about. cease of a person. IMPERWISHABLE, not liable to PER'IsH,~ to die; to decay. perish. SEDITI'ON,~ a popular outbreak. INTRAN'SITIVE, not passing over TRAN'SIENT,O short; momentary upon an object. TRAN'SIT, a passing over. E ques, equit-is, a horseman. EQUES'TRIAN, relating to horse- EQUERY, a stable for horses. manship. EQUIP', to furnish; to dress. Equ-us., for W.ZIquus, equal, just. AD'EQUATE, equal to. EQUILIB'RIUM, equality of COE'QUAL, of the same rank. weight. [and night. E'QUALIZE, to make equal. E'QUINOX, the time of equal day EQUANIM'ITY, composure. EQUIV'ALENT, equal in value. EQUA'TOR, a line dividing the EQUIv'ocAL, ambiguous. earth into two equal parts. EQUIV'OCATE, to use doubtful EQUIDIS'TANT, being at the same expressions. distance. [equal. INAD'EQUACY, insufficiency. EQUILAT'ERAL, having all sides- INEQUAL'ITY, unevenness. EQ'UITY, justice; right. INIQ'UITY, injustice; sin. Erc-,eoOfor Arcco, to drive. CoERCE', to restrain. I COER'CIVE, forcible. Err-o, to wander. ABERRA'TION, a wandering ERR, to stray; to mistake. away. ERRO'NEOUS, incorrect. AR'RANT, bad in a high degree. ER'ROR, a mistake. Etern-us, for Ztternts, without beginning or end. CO-ETER'NAL, equally eternal ETER'NIZE, to make etelwith another. nal. lEther, for ~.,ther, the sky. E'THER, a volatile fluid. | ETHE'REAL, celestial. Ev=amz, for S.vum, life, time. COE'vAL, of the same pe- LONGEV'ITY, length of life. riod, or age. PRIME'VAL, original; first. xemlpl9-t g a copy. ExAr'PLE, pattern; instance. EXEM PLIFY, to illustrate by ex EXEM'PLAR, a model; a copy. i ample. * Those who sought honor or preferment among the Romans, endeavored to gain the favor of the people by every popular art, viz., by going round their houses, (ambienldo, ab am et eo,) by shaking hands, by addressing and naming them, &c.: hence ambitio, anmbztion. 8X 90 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Exter-us, outward, foreign. EXTE'RIOR, outward. EXTREME', utmost; last. EXTER'NAL, exterior; visible. EXTRIN'SIC, outward. EXTRA'NEOUS, not belonging to. STRANGE, foreign; unusual.;bric-o, to make. FAB'RIC, a building; an edifice. I FAB'RICATE, to form; to fOrgo.-'ahuZ -a. a feigned story. FA'BLE, a feigned story. I FAB'ULoUS, feigned; forged. Faei-es the face. DEFACE', to disfigure. FEA'TURE, cast of the face. EF'FACE, to blot out; to destroy. SUPERFIC'IAL, shallow; being on FACE, the visage; the front. the surface. FASH'ION, form; custom. SUR'FACE, the outside. Facil.-s, easy. DIF'FICULT, hard to be done; FACIL'ITY, ease; readiness. laborious. FACIL'ITATE, to make easy. Iaci.-o,9 fact-um, to make; to do. AFFECT', to act upon; to move. EFFECT',Oresult; consequence. AFFEC'TION, love; kindness. EFFICI'ENT, active; able. AM'PLIFY, to enlarge; to extend. EXEM'PLIFY, to illustrate by exAR'TIFICE, a trick; a fraud. ample. BEATIF'IC, blissful. FACT, a reality; a thing done. BENEFAC'TION, the act of con- FAC'TION, a party; a division. ferring a benefit. FAC'TORY, a building where any BEN'EFICE, a church living. article is manufactured. BEN'EFIT, advantage. FAL'sIFY, to make false. CER'TIFY,OtO give evidence. FEAT, an action; an exploit. CERTIF'ICATE, a testimony in FOR'FEIT, a fine for an offence. writing. FoRITIFY,~to strengthen. CLAR'IFY, to make clear. GRAT'IFY, to indulge; to please. CLAS'SIFY, to arrange in classes. GRATIFICA'TION, pleasure. CONFEC'TION, a sweetmeat. IMPER'FECT, defective; frail. COUN'TERFEIT, forged; fictitious. INARTIFICI'AL, plain; artless. CRU'CIFv, to nail to a cross. INEF'FICACY, want of power. DEFEAT', an overthrow. INFEC'TIOUS, pestilential. DEFECT', a fault; a blemish. INFECT!, to impart disease. DEFICI'ENT, wanting. INOFFICI'OUs, not meddling. DEFIC'IT, want; deficiency. INSIGNIF'ICANCE, want of meanDIg'NIFY, to exalt; to honor. ing; unimportance. DISAFFEC'TION, dislike. INSUFFICI:ENT, inadequate. DISQUAL'IFY, to make unfit. MAG'NIFY, to make great. DISQUALIFICA'TION, incapacity. MALEFAC'TOR,O a criminal. DIVER'SIFv, to make different. MANUFAC'TIRE,~ any thing made tVD'IrFCE: a fabric; a building. by art. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 9 MOL'IFY, to soften; to assuage. PUR'IFY, to cleanse. MUNIF'ICENT, liberal; generous. RAMIFICA'TION, a branching. NO'TIFY, to declare. REC'TIFY, to make right. NOTIFICA'TION, the act of noti- REFEC'TORY, an eating room. fying. REFIT', to repair. [vote. OF'FICE, a place of business. SAc'RIFICE, to destroy; to deOFFICI'AL, pertaining to office. SANC'TIFY, to make holy. OR'IFICE, an opening to a cavity. SAT'ISFY, to content; to please. PAc'IFr, to appease; to quiet. SIG'NIFY, to declare; to mean. PER'FECT, to finish; to complete. SIGNIF'ICANCE, meaning; force PETRIFAC'TION, the act of turn- SIM'PLIFY, to render simple. ing to stone. SUDORIF'IC, causing sweat. PROFICI'ENT, one skilled in a SUFFICE', to supply; to satisfy study or business. TER'RIFY, to frighten. PROF'IT, gain; advantage. TES'TIFY, to bear witness. PROLIF'IC, productive. VER'IFY, to prove true. Fall-o, fals-n4un, to deceive. FALSE, not true; not real. FAL'SITY, an untruth. FAL'LIBLE, liable to error. FAL'LACY, deceitful argument. Fam=a-,* fame. DEFAME', to slander. FA'MOUS, known; celebrated. FAME, celebrity; renown. IN'FAMY, disgrace. Fam-es, hunger. FAM'ISH, to starve. I FAM'INE, scarcity of food. amili-a, a family. FAMIL'IAR, easy in conversation; | FAM'ILY, the persons living in a affable; well known. house; a class. an-.,9, a temple. FANAT'IC, an enthusiast. PROFANE',t without respect for FANE, a temple. sacred things; secular. Fa-rt (ab For), to speak. Ar'FABLE, easy to be spoken to. INFAN'TICIDE, the murder of an INEF'FABLE, unspeakable. infant. IN'FANT, a young child. NEFA'RIOUS, wicked. IN'FANCY, the first stage of PREF'ACE, an introductory life. speech or writing. * A heathen goddess, celebrated by the poets, who represented her, as having her palace in the air, and as possessing a vast number of eyes, ears, and tongues. t Fanatics, those who passed their time in temples (fana), and being often seized with a kind of enthusiasm, as if inspired by the Divinity, showed wild and antic gestures: such as cutting and slashing their arms wvith knives, shaking their heads, &c. { The profane, those who were not initiated into the mysteries of rci';.i,7 and therefore made to stand before or on the outside of the tcm?,7e. 92 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY..atig-o, to tire, to weary. FATIGUE', to tire; to weary. J INDEFAT'IGABLE, not to be wearied; persevering. esdus., for Faedus, feder-. s, a league. CONFrED'ERACY, a number of per- CONFED'ERATE, one joined in a sons or states united by a league. league. L FED'ERAL, relating to a league. Felix, felic-ist, happy. FELIC'ITATE, to congratulate. I FELIC'ITY, happiness..e~~m -.,t a woman, a female. FEM'ININE, of the female sex. | EFFErI'INATE, womanish; soft. fez.d-o, fsens-e., to keep off, to strike. DEFEND',~to protect. FEN'CING, practice in using a DEFENCE', guard; security. sword for defence. [the fire. INOFFEN'SIVE, harmless. FEN'DER, a utensil placed before:)FFEND', to displease. OFFENCE', crime; injury. re-a, a wild beast. FEROc'ITY, cruelty; fierceness. j FIERCE, savage; furious. _eri.-o, to strike. INTERFERE', to interpose; to intermeddle. H'Fer-o, to carry, to bear. CIRCUM'FERENCE, the measure INFER', to deduce. around the outside. [sult. IN'FERENCE, a conclusion. CONFER', to converse; to con- INSUF'FERABLE, not to be borne. DEFER', to put off; to delay. MISINFER', to infer wrong. DEF'ERENCE, regard; respect. OF'FER, to present for acceptDIF'FER, to vary; to disagree. PREFER', to regard more. [ance. FER'RY, the passage over which PROF'FER, to propose; to offer. ferry boats pass. REFER', to submit. FER'TILE, fruitful; abundant. SUF'FER, to undergo; to permit. FLORIF'EROus, bearing flowers. TRANSFER', to convey; to reINDIF'FERENCE, impartiality; move. neglect; unconcern. VOCIF'ERATE, to make outcries. Ferv-eo, to grow hot. FER'vOR, heat; zeal. FER'VID, eager; zealous. FER'VENT, hot; ardent. Iess.- m,, to own, to declare. CONFESS', to acknowledge. j PROFESS', to declare openly. ~ic~$~:~,r a feast. FRS'TAL, befitting a feast. | FESTIV'ITY, gayety. Fbrg-t a thread. FI'BRE, a small thread. I FI'BRovs, composed of fibres. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 93 id-.es, faith. AFFI'ANCE, a marriage con- DIF'FIDENT, distrustful. tract. FIDEL'ITY, faithfulness. CONFIDE', to trust in. IN'FIDEL, a disbeliever. DEFY', to challenge; to dare. PER'FIDYObreach of faith. IgPiur.-, a figure. DISFIG'URE, to deform; to de- | EF'FIGY, image; likeness. face. FIG'URE, shape; semblance. Fili-us,s a son. FIL'IAL, relating to a son. FiZl-um, a thread. FIL'AMENT, a slender thread. I FIL'TER, to strain. Finance (Fr.), revenue. FINANCE', income; revenue. I FINAN'CIAL, respecting finance. Fing-o, fic~ —m, to feign. FEIGN, to invent; to pretend. FIC'TION, a tale; an invenFICTITI'OUS, false; not real. tion. Ein-is, the end. AFFIN'ITY,~ relation by mar- FI'NAL, ultimate; conclusive. riage. FIN'ISH, to perfect; to end. CON'FINE, border; edge. INDEF'INITE, not limited. DEFINE', to explain; to de- IN'FINITE, boundless. scribe. REFIN:E', to improve; to polish. DEF'INITE, certain; limited. SUPERFINE', eminently fine. Frm-.8s,s strong. AFFIRM', to declare positively. FIR'MAMENT, the sky. CONFIRM', to establish; to INFIRM', weak; feeble. strengthen. INFIRM'ARY, an hospital. fise-us, a bag. CONFIS'CATE,* to seize as a for- FIS'CAL, belonging to a public feit. treasury. Zix-$s, fixed. AFFIX,'to subjoin. INFIx', to drive in; to set. CRU'CIFIX, a cross bearing an POST'FIX, a syllable added. image of our Saviour. PRE'FIX, tO fix at the beginning. FIX'TuRE, any thing fixed to a TRANTSFIr', to pierce through. place or house. * The Fiscus was originally a hamper or aeg, in which the emperor's treasure was kep't: hence, to confiscate a person's property is to put it into the Fiscus or treasuryv,f the, king. 94 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Flag' —ro, to burn. CONFLAGRA'TION, a general fire. I FLA'GRANT, burning; notorious. Flanmm.-a a flame. FLAM'BEAU, a lighted torch. INFLAMDIAA'TION, a swelling and INFLAME', to set on fire. redness of an animal body. Plat-11s, a puff, a blast,. FLAT'ULENT, windy; vain. | INFLATE', to puff up. Flec~to, flex-uwn, to bend. CIR'CTMFLEX, an accent denoting FLEX'URE, a bending; a joint. a long syllable. L. (^) Gr. ('). REFLECT', to cast back; to FLEXIBLE', ductile; pliant. think. Eligo., iict-eum, to beat, to strike. AFFLICT', to pain; to grieve. INFLICT', to lay on; to apply. CON'FLICT, contest; struggle. I Flos, flor-is, a flower. FLO'RA, the goddess of flowers. FLORID, flushed; brilliant. FLO'RAL, relating to flowers. F'LO'RIST, a cultivator of flowers. iglucgu-o,, to rise in waves. FLUC'TUATE, to move as waves. | FLUCTUA'TION, uncertainty. pl u-o, ux-tm, to flow. AF'FLUENCE, riches; plenty. FLIU'ID, any thing that flows. AF'FLUX, a flowing to. IN'FLUENCE, to bias; to modify. CON'FLUENCE, a junction of INFLUEN'TIAL, exerting influstreams. ence. EF'FLUX, a flowing out. IN'FLUJX, the act of flowing in. FLU'ENCY, smoothness of speech. SUPER'FLUOUS, unnecessary. o~ftc-us, a point. Fo'cus, the point where rays of I FO'CAL, belonging to the focus. light meet. Poti — m, a Ilaf. FOIL, leaf-metal. FO'LIAGE, a growth of leaves. FoLIA'cEous, consistingofleaves. PORTFo'LIo, a case for loose FO'LIO, a large book in mwhich leaves. the paper is only once folded. No9, ilo'gI-i-s, a source. FONT, a baptismal vessel. I FOUN'TAIN, a well; a spring. f'or-is, a door; abroad. FOR'AGE,~food for cattle. FOR'EIGN, alien; remote. enc LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 95 Florm-a, a form. CONFORM', to make like. RET'IFORM, having the form of a DEFORM', to disfigure. net. FORM, shape; figure. TRANSFORM', to change the form. INFORM', to instruct; to acquaint. YER'MIFORM, having the shape PERFORM', to execute; to do. of a worm. REFORIIA'TION, a growing better. U'NIFORM, even; regular. Formid-o, fear, dread. FOR'MIDABLE, dreadful. For-o, to bore. PER'FORATE, to pierce; to bore. Fors, fort-is, chance, luck. FOR'TUNE, chance; wealth. I UNFOR'TUNATE, unlucky; uns MISFoR'TUNE, calamity. happy. Fort-is, strong, valiant. COM'FORTsupport; consolation. FOR'TIFY, to strengthen. EF'FORT, exertion. FOR'TITUDE, courage; bravery. FORCE, to compel; to press. FOR'TRESS, a strong-hold. FORT, a castle. ENFORCE', to put in execution.;-or-umna public place in Rome. FOREN'SIC, belonging to courts FAIR, a stated market. of judicature. Pr'aoy Fr a3 ihef (Fr.), free. ENFRAN'CHIISE, to liberate. FRANK, liberal; open. FRAN'CHISE, privilege; right. FRANK'LIN,~a freeholder. ragu'-o, fraact-tm, to break. FRAC'TION, a part. FRAIL'TY, weakness; infirmity FRAC'TURE, a breach; a rup- INFRAC'TION, violation. ture. INFRINGE', to violate; to break. FRAG'ILE, brittle; frail. REFRACT', to break the course FRAIL, weak; infirm. of rays of light. Frater, frat- rs, a brother. CONFRATER'NITY, a brotherhood. FRAT'RICIDE, the murder of a FRATER'NAL, brotherly. brother. Frau"s fraud-is, fraud. DEFRAUD', to cheat. Frequens, frequent-i$, frequent. FREQUENT', to visit often. I INFRE'QUENCY, rareness. Fric-o, frict-um, to rub. DEN'TIFRICE, a powder for the FRIC'TION, the act of rubteeth. {bing. 96 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Frig-ns, r ~rior-is, cold. FRIG'ID, cold; dull. j REFRIG'ERATE, to COOL. Frvo u.s, trifling. FRIV'OLOUs, light; trifling. J FRIVOL'ITY, triflingness. r-o us, front-is, the forehead. AFFRONT', to insult; to offend. FRONT, the face; the forepart. CONFRONT',OtO face; to oppose. FRONT'AL, relating to he foreEFFRON'TERY, impudence. head. Frug-es, fruit, (figuratively thrifty.) FRU'GAL, thrifty; sparing. I FRUGIF'EROUS, bearing fruit. PFr/ung,nt-'m corn. FRUMENTA'CEOUS, made of FRUMENTA'TION, a general disgrain. tribution of corn. Fruor, frUit-se to enjoy. Frut-E-us fruit. FRUC'TIFY, to make fruitful. FRUIT, the produce of a tree or FRUITI'ON, enjoyment; use. Fplant; profit.'Frustr —, in vain. FRUS'TRATE, to make void; to defeat. u'ugi-o, ffugit=m, to flee. FU'GITIVE, unstable; fleeting. REFUGE, shelter; protection. SUB'TERFUGE, a shift; an eva- TERI'MIFUGE, medicine that exsion. pels worms. PFlge~o, to shine. EFFUL'GENCE, lustre; bright- I REFUL'GENCE, brightness. ness. REFUL'GENT, Shining. Fum-us, smoke, fume. FUME, to smoke; to be in a rage. I PERFUME', to scent. Fteidt-o, frrs-ui=n, to pour, to melt. CONFOUND',~ to mingle; to per- INFUSE', to pour into; to inspire. plex. PROFUSE', lavish; prodigal. CONFUSE', to confound; to mix. REFUND',Oto repay; to restore. DIFFUSE', to pour out; to spread. REFUSE', to deny; to decline. EFFU'SION, a pouring out. REFrJ'SAL, a denial. F'nd-eas, the bottom. FOUND,~tO raise; to establish. FUNDAIEN'TAL, lying at the FOUN'DERY, a casting-house. foundation. FOUNDA'TION, basis; origin. PROFOUND',odeep; thorough. FOUN'DLING, a child deserted. PROFUND'ITY, depth LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 97 FUn-is, a rope. FUNIC'ULAR, consisting of cord. I FUNAM'BUJLIST, a rope-dancer. Funus, 1'Uner-is, a burial. FU'NERAL, burial; interment. [ FUNE'REAL, suiting a funeral. Fur, a thief.;FURTIVE, stolen. Furi-.a, a madness. FU'RIOUS, mad; raging. INFU'RIATE, to make fun;, FU'RY, rage; frenzy. ous. FugtiS-is, trifling. FU'TILE, trifling; worthless. j FUTIL'ITY, unimportance. Put-o, to blame, to disprove. InREFU'TABLE, not to be over- | REFUTE', to prove false. thrown by argument. G6al (Sp.), fine dress. GA'LA, a festival. | GAL'LANT, brave; gay. Ga gi-4, ancient France. GAL'LIC, French. | GAL'LICISM, a French idiom. Garr-io, to prattle. GAR'RULOUS, talkative. | GARRUL'ITY, talkativeness. Gel-u, frost, ice. CONGEAL', to freeze. GEL'ID, extremely cold. CONGELA'TION, a freezing. JEL'LY, a kind of sweetmeat. GEL'ATINE, an animal substance INCONGEAL'ABLE, that cannot be resembling jelly. frozen. Genus., gener-is, a race, a family. CONGE'NIAL, kindred. GEN'TILE, a pagan; a heaDE GEN'ERATE,~fallen; base. then. DEGEN'ERACY, a growing worse. GEN'TLE, soft; bland. ENGEN'DER, to beget; to pro- GEN'TRY, people of education duce. and good breeding. GEN'DER, sex. GEN'UINE,O~nt spurious; real. GEN'ERAL,OPUbliC; extensive. INGENmIoUS,owitty; skilful. GEN'ERATE, to beget; to cause. INGEN'UOUS,oopen; frank. GEN'EROUS,~liberal; munificent. INGENU'ITY, wit; acuteness. GENEROS'ITY, liberality. PRIMOGEN'ITURE, state of being GE'NIAL,ocheerful; gay. first born. GE'NIUS, mental power. PROG'ENY, offspring; race. GENTEEL', polite; elegant. PROGEN'ITOR, a forefather. GENTIL'ITY, dignity of birth. REGENr'ERATED, born anew. 9 98 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Ger-o, gest-umn, to bear, to carry. BELLIG'ERENT, waging war. GES'TURE, action; posture. CORNIG'EROUS, horned. [ter. INDIGEST'IBLE, not digestible. CONGES'TION, a collection of mat- SUGGEST',Oto hint; to intimate. DIGEST',Oto arrange; to dissolve. VICEGE'RENT,~a vicar; a substiGESTIC'ULATE, to use gestures. tute. Gigas, gigant-is, a giant. GI'ANT, a man of extraordinary GIGAN'TIC, like a giant. size. Claci-es, ice. GLA'CIERS, fields of ice and snow. Gladi-us, a sword. GLADIA'TOR, a sword-player. I GLADIATO'RIAL,relating to sword. I playing. Glans, gland-is, a gland. GLAND, a secretory organ of the GLANDIF'EROUS, bearing acorns. human body. GLAN'DULE, a small gland. Glob-us, a globe, a round body. GLOBE, a sphere; a ball. I GLOB'ULE, a little globe. giori6-a, honor. GLO'RIFY, to honor; to ex- I GLO'RY, praise; renown. alt. INGLO'RIOUS, shameful. Glunen, glutli-is, glue. AGGLU'TINATE,tO join; to glue to. I GLU'TINOUS, gluey; viscous. Gnor-us, for Gnarnus, knowing. IG'NORANCE, want of knowledge. I IGNoRA'mUs, a foolish fellow. Gradi-or, gress-us, to go step by step. AGGRESSI'ON, ian attack. GRADA'TION, regular progress. CON'GRESS, a meeting of legis- GRAD'UAL, advancing by steps. lators. GRAD'UATE,~to receive a degree. DEGRADE',~tO lower; to sink. INGRE'DIENT, a component part. DEGRADA'TION, meanness of con- IN'GRESS, entrance. [vance. dition. PROGRESS', to proceed; to adDEGREE', a rank; a step. PRoGRES'SIVE,~advancing. DIGRESS', to turn aside. RET'ROGRADE, going backwards. E'GRESS, a going out. TRANSGRESS',~ to violate; to GRADE, rank; degree. break. Gramen, graZnin-is, grass. GRAXINIV'OROUS, eating grass. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 99 Grand-is, grand. AG'GRANDIZE, to make great; to GRANDEE', a man of high rank. enlarge. GRAN'DEUR, state; splendor. GRAND, great; illustrious. Gran-unz a grain of corn. GRAIN, all kinds of corn; a mi- GRAN'ULE, a small grain. [grains. nute particle. GRAN'ULATE, to break into GRAN'ARY, a storehouse for grain. GRENADIER', a tall foot soldier, GRAN'ITE,O a hard stone. formerly a thrower of grenades.~ Graffi-a, favor, gratitude. AGREE', to concur; to assent. GRAT'IFY, to indulge; to please AGREE'IMENT, concord; compact. GRA'TIS, for nothing. CONGRAT'ULATE, to wish joy to. GRAT'ITUDE, thankfulness. DISAGREE'ABLE, unpleasing. GRATU'ITOUS, bestowed freely. DISGRACE', to bring to shame. GRATUITY, a present. GRACE, favor; kindness. IN'GRATE, ungrateful. GRA'CIOUs, merciful; kind. INGRA'TIATE, to put in favor. GRATE'FUL, thankful; pleasing. Grav-is, heavy. AG'GRAVATE, to make worse. GRAV'ITY, weight; heaviness. AGGRIEVE/, to vex; to trouble. GRIEF, sorrow; trouble. GRAVE, solemn; serious. GRIE'VANCE, an injury. Grex, g'reg-is, a flock. AG'aGREGATE, the sum of many CONGREGA'TIONj an assembly. collected parts. EGREoGIoUS,~remarkably bad. CONG'REGATE, to assemble. GREGA'RIOUS, flocking together. G~rs$, grur-is, a crane. CONGRU'ITY,(consistency; fitness. | INCONG'RUOUS, unsuitable. Guarant-ir, for Garantir (Fr.), to guard, to secure. GUARANTEE', to secure perform- I WAR'RANT, to authorize. ance. WAR'RANTY, authority; security. Guard-er, for Garder (Fr.), to keep, to watch. GUARD, to protect; to defend. I WARD, one who is under tne GUAR'DIAN, a protector. care of a guardian. Giber.n-o, to govern. GOV'ERN, to rule; to manage. MISGOV'ERNMENT, bad govemGUBERNATO'RIAL, relating to a ment. governor. 100 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Gust-us, a taste, a relish. DISGUST', aversion; dislike. G Gus'To, relish; liking. Guttur, the throat. GJUTTURAL, belonging to the throat. hIab-eo, helabit-ur, to have, to hold. A'BLE, having strength. HAB'IT, custom; use. ABIL'ITY, power; capacity. HABITA'TION, a dwelling. DISA'BLE, to deprive of force. HABIT'UATE, to accustom. ENA'BLE, to empower. INHAB'ITANT, a resident. EXHIB'IT,OtO show; to display. PROHIB'IT,~ to forbid; to reHABIL'IMENT, dress; garment. strain. Haer-eo, ha7s-,um to stick. ADHERE', to stick to. HES'ITATE, to delay; to pause. COHE'SIVE, sticking. INCOHE'RENT, unconnected. HES'ITANCY, uncertainty; delay. INHEIRENT, existing in; innate. Bfares, lbered-is, an heir. COHEIR', a joint heir. HIER'ITAGE, the thing inheDISINHER'IT, to deprive of an in- rited. heritance. IHERED'ITARY, descending from HEIR, one who inherits. father to son. HER'ITABLE, capable of being in. INHER'IT, to receive by deherited. scent. / Jal-o,~ to breathe. EXHALE', to send out vapors. INHALE', to draw in with the EXHALA'TION, vapor; effluvia. j breath. eaust-um (ab haurio), to draw. EXHAUST', to drain. | INEXHAUS'TIBLE, not to be drained. Herb-a, an herb. HER'BAGE, herbs; pasture. Hlar-is, cheerful. EXHIL'ARATE, to enliven. HILAR'ITY, mirth; merriment. Ihomo, hontin-is, a man. HOM'ICIDE, manslaughter.' - HU'MANIZE, to soften. Hv'MAN, belonging to mankind. INHIUMAN'ITY, brutality. Bonor, honor. D)IsHoN'EST,wicked; fraudulent. [ HON'ESTY, justice; truth. DISHON'OR, disgrace; shame. HON'ORARY, conferring honor. Horre-o, to be dreadful. ABHOR', to detest; to loathe. HOR'RID, hideous; frightful. HOR'RIBLE, dreadful; shock- HORRIFIC, causing horror. ing. HIORRo R, dread; terror. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 101 Mlort-us, a garden. FIOR'TICULTURE, the art of cultivating gardens. - ospes, lkospit-is, a host or guest. HOS'PITABLE, kind to strangers. HOTEL, an inn. [of horses. HoS'PITAL, a building for the OST'LER, a man who takes care sick. [other. INHOSPITAL'ITY, unkindness to HOST, one who entertains an- strangers. Host-is, an enemy. HOST, an army; multitude. I HOSTIL'ITY, open war. um-eo, to be moist. Hu'mID, wet; moist. I HU'MOR, moisture of the body Hfum-us, the ground. Humil-is, low, poor. HUMIL'IATE, to depress. INHUME', to bury. HUM'BLE, to crush; to subdue. PoST'HUMOUS, published after HUMIL'ITY, freedom from pride. one's death. Idetn,, the same. IDEN'TITY, sameness. | IDEN'TIFY, to prove the same. IDEN'TICAL, the same. Ign-is, fire. IG'PNEOUS, containing fire. IGNITE', to set on fire. Imag —o, an image. IM'AGE, a picture; an idol. j IMAG'INE, to fancy; to conceive. Inbecill-ls, weak. IM'BECILE, weak; feeble. I IMBECIL'ITY, weakness. Imit-or, to copy or resemble. IM'ITATE, to follow; to copy. INIM'ITABLE, that cannot be imi tated. Imper-o, imperat-um, to command. EM'PEROR,~a monarch. IMPERaATIVE, commanding. EM'PIRE, the dominion of an IMPE'RIAL, royal; regal. emperor. IMPE'RIOUs, overbearing. Infer-us, below. INFE'RIOR, lower in place. INFER'NAL, hellish. Insul-a, an island. IN'SULAR, belonging to an island. I PENIN'SULA, a piece of land IN'SULATE, to detach. almost surrounded by water. Inteeer, entire. IN'TEGER, a whole number. INTEG'RITY, honesty. IN'TEGRAL, whole; complete. IN'TEGRATE, to make entire. 9* 102 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Intestin-a, the bowels. INTES'TINAL, belonging to the INTES'TINE, internal; inward. intestines. INTES'TINES, the entrails. Ibt-us, within. INTE'RIOR, inner; inland. IN'TIMACY, close familiarity. INTER'NAL, inward. INTIMA'TION, a hint. IN'TIMATE, inmost; familiar.. INTRIN'SIC, internal; real. ulvit-o, invttat-tt to invite. INVITE', to bid; to ask. I INVITA'TION, the act of inviting. Ir-a, anger. DIRE, dreadful; dismal. IR'RITABLE, easily provokied. IRE, anger; rage. ) IR'RITATE, to tease; to fret. Itali-a, Italy. ITAL'IAN, a native of Italy. ITAL'TCS, leaning letters, first ITAL'ICISE, to mark in italics. used in Italy. Iter-eum, again.'REIT'ERATE, to repeat again and again. lter, ititner-is, a journey. ITIN'ERANT, travelling. Jac-eo, to lie. ADJA'CENT, lying near. | INTERJA'CENT, lying between..ac-i6o, jact-urms, to throw. AB'JECT, mean; vile. INTERJEC'TION, an exclamation. AD'JECTIVE, a describing word. MISCONJEC'TURE, a wrong guess. CONJEC'TURE, a guess. OBJEC'TIVE, relating to the obDEJEC'TION, lowness of spirits. ject. EJECT', to throw out; to expel. PRO'JECT, scheme; contrivance. EJAC'ULATE,~tO utter abruptly. REJECT', to cast off; to discard. INJECT', to throw in. SUB'JE(CT, placed under. ja u-a, a gate, a door. JAN'ITOR, a door-keeper. Joc-ues, a joke.. JocosE',~merry; waggish. [ JOC'UND, gay; lively. TOC'ULAR, sportive; merry. JoOKE, to jest; to frolic. Jotur (Fr.), a day. ADJOURN', to put off; to defer. i JoUR'NEY,~travel by land. JOURN'AL, a diary. SOJOURN', a temporary stay. Judic-o, jfudicat-urn, to judge ADJUDGE', to pass a sentence. JUDICI'AL, pertaining to courts ADJU'DICATE, to try and decide. of law. INJUDICI'OUS, unwise. JUDIcI'ARY, the system of courts JUDGE, to discern; to decide. of justice. JUtDICATURE, power of distribut- MISJUDGE', to mistake. ing justice. PREJ'tDIcE,~bias; injury. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 103 J.utg-w8m a yoke. CON'JUGAL, matrimonial. SUBJUGA'TION, tle act of sub CON'JUGATE, to inflect a verb. duing..Jun,-o, jiuct.-umn to join. ADJOIN', to join to. JOIN, to combine; to unite. A.D'JUNCT,~som ething joined. JUNC'TURE, union. CONJOIN', to unite; to associate. JUNtTo,oa cabal; a faction. DISJOIN', to separate. MISJOIN/, to join unfitly. ENJOIN', to direct; to order. SUBJOIN', to add to the end. INJUNC'TION, order; precept. SUBJuNC'TIvE,~condi tional. Jur-o9 to swear. ABJURE', to renounce upon oath. JU'RY, twelve men sworn to renCONJURE', to enjoin solemnly. der a true verdict. JU'ROR, one that serves on a jury. PER'JURY, false swearing. Jus, juris, law, right. IN'JURE, to hurt; to wrong. JURISPRU'DENCE, the science of INJU'RIOUS, unjust; hurtful. law. [lav. JURISDIC'TION, extent of power. JU'RIST, one versed in the civil Jost-us, just. ADJUST', to regulate. JUSTIc'IARY, an administrator of INJUST'ICE, iniquity; wrong. justice. JUST, upright; honest. JUS'TIFY, to free from fault. ~uven-is, young. JU'VENILE, youthful. j JU'NIOR, one younger..Jruvo, juit-um, to help. AD'JUTANT, a major's aid. I COADJU'TOR, a fellow-helper. abor, laps-us., to fall or glide. COLLAPSE', to fall together. LAPSE, flow; fall. ELAPSE', to pass away. RELAPSE', to slide back. Labor, labor. ELAB'ORATE, finished with i LAB'ORATORY, a chemist's work care. room. -Lac, lact-is, milk. LAC'TEIAL, pertaining to milk. I LACTIP'EROUS, bearing milk. Lacer, torn. LAC'ERATE, to tear; to rend. Laconi-a,the country of the Spartans. LACON'IC, concise; brief. La-", wool. LAN'IFICE, woollen manufacture. | LANIG'EROUS, bearing wool. 104 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Langu-eo, to droop. LAN:GUID, faint; weak. LANG'UOR, faintness; weak.l LAN'GUISH, to grow feeble. ness. Lapis, lapid-is$, a stone. DILAPIDA'TION,~ruin; decay. I LAP'IDARY, a dealer in gems. Larg —us, big, liberal. ENLARGE', to increase; to ex- LARGEss', a gift; a bounty. pand. Lass-us, weary. LAS'SITUDE, weariness. Eate-o, to hide. LA'TErNT, hidden. Latin-us, Latin. LAT'INIST, one skilled in Latin. I LATIN'ITY, purity of Latin style East-um (ab Pero), to carry, to bring. DIL'ATORY, tardy; slow. PREL'ATE,~a church dignitary. ELA'TED, flushed with success. RELATE', to tell; to recite. LEG'ISLATE,~tO enact laws. REL'ATIVE, having relation. MISRELATE', to relate falsely. SUPER'LATIVE, highest. OBLA'TION, an offering. TRANSLA'TION, the act of interPREL'ACY, the office of a prelate. preting into another language. Latus, later-is, the side. COLLAT'ERAL, from the side; not EQUILAT'ERAL, of equal sides. direct. LAT'ERAL, belonging to the side Eat-us, broad. DILATE', to extend; to widen. LAT'ITUDE, breadth; extent. DILATA'TION, expansion. Laus, latd-is, praise. ALLOW', to permit. | LAU'DABLE, praise-worthy. LAUD, to praise. LAU'DATORY, bestowing praise Zav-o, lo.t-urn, to wash. LA'VA, liquid and vitrified matter I LAVE, to wash; to bathe. discharged by volcanoes. LO'TION, a medicinal wash.Lax-us, loose. LAX, loose; vague. RELAX', to slacken; to remit. PROLIX'ITY, tediousness. RELAXA'TION, ease; remission. Leg-o, legat-umn, to send as an ambassador, to bequeath. ALLEGE',~tO affirm; to plead. ALLE'GIANCE, the duty of a ALLEGA'TION, declaration; plea. subject. [ing. COL'LEAGUE, a partner. COL'LEGE, a seminary of learn LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 105 DEL'EGATE, to send on an em- LEGATEE', one who has a lebassy. gacy. LEG'ACY, a gift made by will. LEG'ATE, the Pope's ambassador. Leg'-o, leet.-tgn, to gather, to read, to choose. COL'LECT, to gather together. LE'GEND,o a chronicle; a wil4 DI'ALEcTmanner of expression. narrative. DIL'IGENT, industrious; active. LEG'IBLE, that may be read. ELEC'TION, choice. LE'GION,Oa body of soldiers. ELEC'TORATE, the office of an LEX'ICON,~a dictionary. elector. NEGLEcT',oinattention; slight. EL'EGANCE, beauty; grace. NEG'LIGENT,. careless; heedEL'IGIBLE, fit to be chosen. less. INEL'EGANT, not beautiful. PREDILEC'TION, a liking beforeIN'TELLECT, understanding. hand. INTEL'LIGENCE, information. RECOLLECT', to bring to mind. INTEL'LIGIBLE, that may be un- RE-ELEC'TION, election a second derstood. time. LEC'TURE,~a discourse. SELEC'TION, choice. Len-is, gentle, soft, mild. LE'NIENT, mild; soothing. | LEN'ITY, mildness. Le-o, or Lin.-o, to besmear, to blot DELETE'RIOUS, destructive. | INDEL'IBLE, not to be blotted out iev-o, levat-nm, to lift up, to raise: Levis, light. ALLE'VIATE, to ease; to soften. LEV'Y, to raise; to collect. EL'EVATE, to raise up. LEV'ITY, lightness; vanity. LEAV'EN, a fermenting mixture. REL'EVANT,Opertinent; suitable LEVtEE,Oa concourse; a crowd. RELIEVE', to ease; to succor. LE'VER,~a mechanical power. RELIEF', ease; assistance. Lext, feg-is, a law or rule. ILLE'GAL, contrary to law. LEG'ISLATE, to make laws ILLEGIT'IMATE, contrary to law. LEGIT'IMACYc, awfulness of birth. LEGAL'ITY, lawfulness. PRIV'ILEGE,O a peculiar advanLE'GALIZE, to authorize. tage. LEGISLA'TURE, the power that SAc'RILEGE,Oa violation of things makes laws. sacred. Ltber, libr —i, a book. TI'BRARY, an apartment for books. LgU;r-a, a pound, a balance. EQUJLIB'RIUM, equality of weight Lice-o, lici.,t-, to be lawfbl. Li~ent-e,, license. ILLIC'Ir, 1:unlawful. ENT'TIvUS, unrestrained. Li CE~NSE, permission; excess.| 106 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Licito.O licit-um, to draw, to allure. ELIC'IT, to draw out. Lido, lis-umn, to hurt, to strike. COLLISIfON, a striking together. I ELISI'ON, a striking out. Lieu (Fr.), place, stead. LIEU, place; room. LIEUTEN'ANT, a deputy. LIEUTEN'ANCY, the office of a PUR'LIEU,O border; district. lieutenant. Lig'n-um, wood. LIG'NTEOUS, made of wood. Lig-o, ligat-um, to bind, to tie. DISOBLIGE', to give offence to. LIG'ATURE, a band; a cord. IRRELIGI'ON, impiety. OB'LIGATE, to bind by contract. LEAGUE, a confederacy. OB'LIGATORY, binding. LI'ABLE, subject. OBLIGE', to gratify; to compel. LIEGE, a sovereign. RELIGI'ON, duty to God; piety LIG'AMENT,~a tie; a ligature. Limen, limtin-is, a threshold. ELIM'INATE, to expel. I PRELIM'INARY, introductory. Limes, limit.-is, a path, a limit. ILLIM'ITABLE, that cannot be | LIM'IT, to confine; to restrain. limited. LIMITA'TION, a restriction. Line-a, a line. CURVILIN'EAR, composed of LINE, a rank; a row. curved lines. LIN'EAL, descending in a line. DELIN'EATE,0 to describe; to LIN'EAMENT, feature; outline. sketch. [lines. LIN'EAGE,orace; progeny. INTERLINE', to write between RECTILIN'EAR, right-lined. Ein, -g-it the tongue, a language. LIN'Go, language; speech. LIN'GUIST one skilled in lanLAN'GUAGE, human speech. I guages. Linqu-o, lZict-u, to leave, to forsake. DELINQ'UENT,Oan offender. REL'ICT, a widow. DERELIC'TION, a forsaking. RELIN QUISH, to forsake; to REL'IC, something let. quit. ZLigeu., to melt, to be liquid. LIQ'TTEFY, to become liquid. I LIQ'UIDATE, to clear away; to LIQoJUOR, any liquid, pay. Lis, lit-is, strife; a lawsuit. LIT'IG&TE, to contest in law.. LITIGI'OUs, given to litigation. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 107 Liter-a, a letter. ILLIT'ERATE, unlearned. LIT'ERRY, relating to letters. LET'TER, an alphabetical cha- LITERA'TI, men of learning. racter. LIT/ERATURE, learning. LIT'ERAL, according to the letter. OBLIT'ERATE,OtO rub out. Livr-er (Fr.), to give or deliver up. DELIV'ER, to set free. I LIv'rERY,~a particular dress. Loc-us, a place. COL'LOCATE, to place together. LO'CAL, relating to place. DISLOCA'TION, the act of dis- LO'CATE, to place; to fix. placing; a putting out of LocoMO'TION, the power of joint. changing place. Long —us, long. ELON'GATE, to lengthen. OB'LONG, longer than broad. LONGEV'ITY, length of life. PROLONGA'TION, the act of length LON'GITUDE, distance east or ening. west. Loqu-or, locut-us, to speak. CIRCUMLOCU'TION, a circuit of ELocU'TION, utterance; delivery. words. LOQUAC'ITY, talkativeness. COL/'LOQUY, conversation. OB'LOQUY, blame; slander. COLLO'QUIAL, relating to cornm- OLIL'OQUY, a speech to one's mon conversation. self. EL'OQUENT, having the power VENTRIL'OQuISM,* the act of of oratory. speaking from the stomach. Loy, or Lot (Fr.), law. DISLOY'ALTY, want of fidelity. J LOY'AL, true; faithful. Luc-co, to shine. ELU'CIDATE,OtO explain. TRANSLU'CENT, transparent; LU'CIFER,~the morning star. clear. PELLU'CID, clear; not opaque. Lucer-um, gain, profit. LU'cRE, gain; profit. I LU'CRATIVE, profitable. Luct-or, to struggle. RELUC'TANCE,Ounwillingness LLudo, IUs-um, to play, to deceive. ALLUDE','to refer to. ELUDE', to evade. ALLU'SION, a reference; a hint. ILLU'SION, false show; error. CoLLU'sION'deceitfulagreement. Lu'DIcROUs, comical; sportive. DELUDE', to beguile. PRE'LUDE, something introducDELU'SIVE, deceptive. tory. * The art of speaking, so that the voice does not seem to come from the speaker, but from some one at a distance. 108 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. eLumesn, lizn -.is, light. ILLIJMINA'TION, a lighting up. Lu'MINARY, any body which Lu'MINous, shining; bright. gives light. Lnn-a, the moon LU'NACY,* madness. | LU'NAR, relating to the moon. LU NATIC, a madman. SUB'LUNARY,~Of this world. Lu-o, lut-uam, to wash away, or purge. ABLU'TION,~the act of cleansing. DILUTE',~OtO make thin or weak. ALLU'VIAL,~added to land by the DIL'UENT, that which dilutes. wash of water. POLLUTE',Oto defile; to taint. Lustr4umf,,a survey made every four years. ILLUS'TRATE,~tO explain. LUS'TRE, splendor; renown. ILLUS'TRIOUS, noble; eminent. Luxuri-a, luxury. Lus'cious, sweet; delicious. | Lvxv'RIANT, very abundant. Lux'uRY, delicious fare. Luxu'RIOUS, voluptuous. J]_acce-o, to be lean or thin. EMA'CIATE, to grow lean; to waste..JIIacaf-a, a stain or spot; a fault. IMMAC'ULATE, spotless; pure..JFagister, magistr-i, a master. MAG'ISTRACY, the office of a MAG'ISTRATE, a civil officer. magistrate. MAS'TER, one who controls. JElagnes, magnet-is, the loadstone. MAGWNET,Othe loadstone. MAG'NETISM, the power of atMAGNET'ICAL, attractive, traction. Jtagn-lBs, great. MAGNANIM'ITY, greatness of MAGNIF'ICENT, grand; splendid. mind. MAG'NITUDE, size; greatness. MAGNAN'IMOUS,O~noble; brave. MAJ'ESTY, dignity; grandeur. MAGNIF'Ico, a grandee of MAJES'TICAL, august; grand. Venice. MA'JOR, greater; senior. MAG'NIFY, to make greater. MAJOR'ITY, the greater number..Iag-1us, a diviner or enchanter. IMA'GI, wise men; eastern phi- I MAG'IC, enchantment. losophers. MAGICI'AN, one skilled in magic. * So called from a superstitious belief that the moon'exerted an influence upon those who were insane. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 109.JIale, evil, ill. DIS'MAL,~sorrowful; gloomy. MALEFAC'TOR, a criminal. MALEDIC'TION, a curse. MALEV'OLENCE, ill-will. J1gi g~t.- us, envious, fatal to life. MALIG'NANT, pernicious; evil. I MAL}G'NITY, violent hatred..J/laliti-a, deliberate mischief. MAL'ICE, desire to injure. I MALICI'OUS, ill-disposed. JVIal.e-as, a hammer. MAL'LEABLE, that may be spread MAL'LET, a wooden hammer. by beati-ng. m.]argd-o, 4mnda =mw, to commit, to command. COMMAND'S to order; to lead. DEMAND', a claim; a question. COMMEND','to praise. MAN'DATE, a command. COMMENDA' TION, praise. REMAND', to send back. COUNTERMAND', to revoke a cor- RECOMMEND', to commend to anmand. other. Mat'e?,eo maes-um, to stay, to abide. MAN'SION, a house; a residence. REMAIN', to continue; to endure. PER'MANENCE, duration. REM'NT, that which is left. raifft ~st-f.us, clear, evident. MAN'IFEST, plain; open. MANIFES'TO, a declaration. Pauo,9 manit-um, to flow. EM'ANATE, to issue from..J]-a. e s, the hand. AMANUEN'SS, a person who MAN'UALperformed by hand. writes what another dictates. MANUFAC'TURE, any thing made EMAN'CIPATE,OtO set free. by art. MAINTAIN', to preserve. MANuMIssstIoN,the act of giving MAIN'TENANCE,Osustenance. liberty to slaves. [very. MAN'ACLE,~tO shackle. MANUMIT', to release from slaMAN'AGE, to conduct. MANURE',~to fertilize. MANIPULA'TIONSOa handling. MAN'USCRIPT, a writing. MAN(EU/VRE,O skilful manage- MIISMANAGE, to manage ill. ment. PORTMAN'TEAU, a bag for clothes.Jar-ea, the sea. MARINE', belonging to the sea. MARITIME, near to the sea. MAR'INER, a seaman. SUBMARINE', under the sea. Mffar-'o, mar in-.s, a brink or edge. MAR'GIN, the border; the edge. I MAR'GINAL, on the margin.;llars, mart-is, the god of war. MAR'TIAL, warlike. 10 110 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY.,Vas$ez-lgs- a male. MAS'CULINE, male; manly. JagdCr, m rztis, a mother. MATER'NAL, motherly. MA'TRON, an elderly woman. MAT'RICIDE, the murder of a MA'TRIMONY, marriage. mother. /Iattr-.fs, ripe. TaIMATURE', not ripe. | PREMATURE', ripe too soon. MATU'RITY, ripeness. ~le7 g3X, r middle. IME'DIATE, instant; direct. MEDIOC'RITY, middle"rate. INTE.RME'DIATE:,cmin g between. MEDITERRA'NEAN, encircled with MEDIA'TION, interposition. land. MEDIA'TOR, an intercessor. ME'DIUm3, the middle state.,:de-orP, to cure, to heal. MED'IcAL, relating to medicine. I REME'DIAL, affording' remedy. JNIds r. e, to muse, or think upon. MEDITA'TION, deep thought. | PREMED'ITATE, to thinl beforehand. J./~ -p'r better. AME'LMIORATE, to nmprove. I MELIORA'TION, improvement. JfEma vr, mindful. COMMEM'ORATE, to hold in me- MErIoRAN'DuM,a note to help the mlory. [membrance. memory. [lectjg. CoOMrMEMI.'ORABLE, worthy of re- EMEr'ORY, the faculty of recolIMMEM'RIAL, beyond memory. ME-mO'RIAL, something io keep in MEMEN'TO,~ a memorial. MEN'TION, to speak of. [memory. MEMOIR,', an account written from REMEM'BER, to bear inlmind. memory. REslNIsNcEctcE, recoll&ction. J%,S eg (Fr.), household, a collection of animals. MENPAG'ERY, a collection of ani- | ME'N IAL, a domestic serxnals. Vant. 0if h-z,9 a blemish, a mistake. AmEND', to correct; to reform. j MEND, to repair; to improve. SJCi'~zzdC-~8*, a beggar. MEN'DICANT, a beggar. fe,'t~zs$ Stt=8S the mind. COM'MENTARY, a writing to ex- COM'mENT, note; explanation. plain another. [mentaries. M:EN'TAL, relating to the mind COMMENTA'TOR, a writer of com- VEHE'DMENCE, force; ardor. LATIN, GREEK, AND OTHER ROOTS. 111 M.2Sahr-a., a measure. JIeIti-or, to measure. CORIMEN'SURATE, proportionate. METE, to measure. [by a rule. DIMEN'SION, bulk; extent. MEAS'URE, to compute quantity iIn JENSE', unbounded; vast. /[E'TER, a measurer. [suring. IM:EN'sIrrY, infinity; vastness. MENSURA'TION, the art of meaaFe-0o mecat-tasum, to glide, to flow. MEAN'DER,O to run with a wind- PER'D EATE, to pass through. ing course..,ferfcor, to buy, to traffic. COIM'MERCE, trade; intercourse. MAR'KET, a place of sale. COMMaER'CIAL, relating to corn- MER'cHANDISE, things bought merce. and sold. MER'CANTILE, trading. MER'CHANT, a trader. MER'CENARY, a hireling. iMaER'cUpY%, an ancient heathen MER'CER, one who sells silks. deity. eor o~1 2eer 9 rUBS, to plunge, to overwhelml! EMERGE', to rise out of. MERGE, to sink. EMER'GENCY,~sudden occasion. SUBMERGE', to put under water. IMMERSE', to put under water. SUBMER'SION, a drowning. Jcritc-{. s, mid-day, noon; the south. ANTEMERID'/A.N, before noon. MER:ID'IONAL, southern. MERID'IAN, noon; mid-day. POSTMERID'IAN, afternoon. JWfe~'~rZ~,u (ab tereo), to earn, to deserve. DEMER'IT, ill desert; fault. i MERITO'RIOUS, deserving of reMER'IT, to deserve. ward. ~JEr7~'r. mztge,8aZ~,* to remove from one place to another. EM'IGnANT, one who emigrates. IrYMIGRA/TION, the act of coming EM'IGRATE, to remove from a into a new country. place. [grates. MI'GRATE, to remove to another IM'MIGRANT, one who immi- country..4gee9 Blr -ias, a soldier. MIL'ITANT, fighting. ] MIL'ITATE, to oppose. MIL'ITARY, relating to soldiers. MrLIT'IA,~the enrolled soldiers. kJVI be, a thousand. MILLE:N'NIUM,~a thousand years. TMIL'LEPED, an insect havinga many feet. * He was the god of eloquence, the patron of merchants, the inventor of tne lyre and harp, the protector of poets or men of genius, of musicians, wrestlers &Kc., the conductor of departed ghosts to their proper mansions, and conveyed the messages of Jupiter and all the other gods. 112 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Jin-a, threats. MEN'ACE, to threaten. Iin.aeo, to jut out, to hang over. EM'INENT, high; exalted. PROM'INENCE,, distinction. IM'MINENT, threatening; near. PROM'INENT, standing out. PRE-EM'INENCE, superiority. M;ineral (Fr.), a mineral. MINERAL'OGY, the science of minerals. Mnstber, ministr-i, a servant, a helper. ADMIN'ISTER, to supply. MIN'IsTER,oa clergyman. ADMINISTRA'TION, act of ad- MIN'ISTRY,the body of ministers ministering; dispensation. MINISTRA'TION, agency; service. JP7inu.-o, minutt-un, to lessen. DIMIN'ISH, to impair; to lessen. MI'NoR,~one under age. DIMINU'TION, act of making less. MINOR'ITY, the less number. DIMIN'UTIVE, small. [the reality. MIN'UEND, the number to be diMIN'IATURE, a picture less than minished. MIN'IMUM, the smallest quantity. MI'NUs, diminished by. MIN'IoN, a favorite; a small type. MINUTE', very small. JTir-.Us, strange, wonderful. ADMIRE', to regard with wonder MIR'ACLE,~a supernatural event. or esteem. MIRAc'ULOUS, supernatural. ADMIRA'TION, wonder; esteem. MIR'ROR, a looking-glass. Wjfs.-eCo, mixt —aum, to mix. ADMIX'TURE, the substance min- MIN'GLE, to mix; to join. gled. MIx, to put together. CoMMIx', to mingle; to blend. MIx'TURE, a mixed mass. INTERM. X', to mingle together. PROMIS'CUOUS, mingled; conMIS'CELLANY, a collection of va- fused. rious things. WIiser, wretched, pitiful. COMMIS'ERATE, to compassionate, MI'sER, a person covetous to to pity. excess. MIS'ERABLE, wretched; helpless. MIS'ERY, calamity; distress. iJ~ffi-o, miss-mm, to send. ADMIsSI'oN, the act of admitting. DEMISE', death; decease. ADMIT', to receive; to allow. DIsMIssI'oN, discharge. [sion. ADMIT'TANCE, entrance. EM'ISsARY,~ one sent on a misCoMMIssI'oN, a trust; a warrant. EMIssI'oN, a sending out. CoM'MIssARY-a delegate; a de- EMIT', to send forth. [lowed. puty. [ting. INADMIS'SIBLE, not to be alCOMMIT' ENT, the act of commit- INTERMISSI'oN,~cessation; pause. COMMIT'TEE,~persons selected to INTERMI.1TENT, ceasing at interexamine or manage any vals. matter. [cession. MANUMISSI'ON, the act of giving COM'PROMISE,~tO adjust by con- liberty to slaves. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 113 MANUMIT', to release from sla- PRODi'ISSORY, containing a provery. mise. MISSIL'sE, that may be thrown. RE-ADMIT', to let in again. MISSI'ON, a being sent. RE-COUMIT', to commit anew. MIssI'oNARY, one sent to propa- REM Iss',oslack; careless. gate religion. REVIISSI'ON, abatement; pardon. MIs'sIvE,oa letter sent. REMIT'TANCE, a sum sent back. OMIT', to leave out. SUBMIs'sIvE, humble. OMIss'IoN, neglect; failure. SuBMIT',otoEresign; to yield. PER'MIT,~a written permission. SURMISE', a sispicion. PERMIS'SIVE, granting leave. TRANSmISSI'oN, a sending over. PREMISE', to state beforehand. TRANSMIT', to send over. PROM'ISE~,a binding declaration. UNREMIT'TED, not abated; incessant. Jsffd-.s, a measure, a manner. ACCO1M'MIODATE, to fit; to adjust. MOD'ERATE, temperate; not vioCOlMO'DIOUS, convenient. MOD'ERN, late; recent. [lent. COMMOD'ITY, interest; merchan- MoD'ESTY, decency; diffidence. dise. MoD'IrF, to shape; to soften. DIscoIMMODE', to put to trouble. MODIFICA'TION, the act of mrodi. IIMMOD'ERATE0 excessive. fying. LM~IMOD'EST, wanting modesty. MOOD, temper; disposition. MODE, method; form. MOD'ULATE,OtO vary sound. MOD'EL, a mould; a pattern. REMOD'EL, to model anew. J~o -or.- to r'effto tbt build. DEMOL'ISH, to destroy. I DEMOLITION, destruction. molt0'ENsT, q soft. EMOL'LIENT, softening. J MOL'LIFY, to assuage; to quiet. aJa eieat —m~ motion, force. MO'YMENT, importance; an in- MOMEN~TuM,o~force; impetus. stant. MO'MENTARY, lasting for a moMO0M3EN'TOUS, weighty. ment.:2-c~zl-0o9 mweo~g -usr.,m to put in mind, to warn. ADMION('ISHI, to warn; to reprove. PREMON'ITORY, giving warnin8 ADnIONITI'oN, gentle reproof. beforehand. TMON/'TOR, one who warns. SUM'MON, to call; to cite. MON'UMENT, a memorial; a tomb. SuM.'MONs, a call of authority. O7c -2 8, se'o- tF a high hill. DISMOUNT', to alight fr'om a horse. Pnoriooo`,ITO-, a high land jutMoU,-r), a heap or bank of earth. ting into the sea. MOUNI'TAIN, a ve. y large hill. Rs.ou-rtr', to mount again. MOUN'T:EBAN'r,~a cuack. SUPer/MOUNT', to rise above. -i 6)5 114 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY..Jonstr-o, to show, to declare. DEM'ONSTRATE, to show plainly. REMON'STRATE, to exhibit rea. MON'STER, something unnatural. sons against. MoN'sTRous, strange; shocking. REMON'STRANCE, expostulation..71orb-us, a disease. MOR'BID, diseased; sickly..Jlord-eo, mnors_-un, to bite. MOR'smE, a mouthful. 1 REMoRsE'.,sorrow for a fault. lxvors, zort-is, death. IMMOR'TAL, exempt from death. MOR'TIFY, to subdue; to hum IMMOR'TALIZE, to make immortal. ble. MORTAL'ITY, death. MUR'DER, to destroy../fos,s mor-is, a custom, or manner. DEMOR'ALIZE, to destroy the IMMOR'AL, vicious. morals of. MORAL'ITY, correctness of life. Jrove-o, msot-uam, to move. COMMOtTION,Otumult; sedition. MO'TION, the act of changing EMO'TIoN, passion; excitement. place. IMMOV'ABLE, fixed; firm. MO'TIVE, causing motion. LocoMo'TIoN,thepower of chang- MOVE, to put in motion. ing place. PROMOTE', to forward; to raise. MonB, a tumultuous crowd. REMOTE', distant. MOBIL'ITY, fickleness. REMOVE', to put from its place. JW"";-us, many. MUJLTANG'ULAR, many-cornered. MULTIPLICAND', the number to MULTIFA'RIOUS, having great va- be multiplied. riety. MULTIPLICA'TION, the act' of MUL'TIPLE, a number which ex- multiplying. actly contains another several MUL'TIPLY, to increase in numtimes. ber. MUL'TIPLEX, manifold. MUL'TITUDE, a crowd or throng. JWuE-us~, the world. MUN'DANE, belonging to this SIPRAMUJN'DANE, situated above world. the world..JYlunios,,u~t-urn, to fortify. AMMUNITI'ON, military stores. IuhlfnTs, Xmmu~er-is, a gift, or present; an office. COM'NMON, an open, public COMMUNICA'TION, conference. ground. [ple. EXCOMMU'NICATE, to eject from COM'MONALTY, the common peo- church membership. COMMU'NION, intercourse. IMMU'NIa z, privilege. COMMU'NITrr, the commonwealth. MUNIF'E CENT, liberal. COMMUNE', to talk together. REMU'NERATE, to reward. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 115 JI2ur-us, a wall. IMMURE', to inclose; to confine. JIgt-., a e r-mtn, to change. COMMUTE', to exchange. MU'TINEER, one guilty of mutiny. IMMUvTABLE, unchangeable. MU'TINOUS, seditious. ML'TA'TION, change. PERMUTA'TION, exchange. MU'TINY, to rise against au- TRANSMUTE', to change to anthority. other nature..Jase-or, to be born: J"t-us, born. IN'NATE, inborn. NAT'URAL, produced by nature. NA'TAL, relating to one's birth. N'AT'URALIST, one versed in the NA'TION, a distinct people. study of nature. NA'TIVE, natural; original. NAT'URALIZE, to invest with the NATIV'ITY, birth. privileges of a native citizen. NA'TURE, the universe. SUPERNAT'URAL, above nature..'aas-Nus, the nose. NA'SAL, belonging to the nose.'aunt-a, a sailor, a mariner. NAU'TICAL, relating to ships. j NAU'TILUS, a shell-fish..'e, not. NEC'ESSARY, needful. | NrFA'RIOUS, wicked..)Jecess-e(ab.re, not, and Cesso, to give up), needful. NEc'ESSARIES, things needful. NECES'sITOUS, needy. NECES'SITY, compulsion; want. UNNEC'ESSARY, not needed. jXerCt-o, nex-tum, to tie or bind, to knit. ANNEX', to join to. CONNEC'TION, union; relation. CONNECT', to join; to link. UNCONNECT'ED, not coherent. J.eg, for Jl~ec, neither, not. NEGLECT', inattention; slight. NEGO'TIATE,totransactbusiness: NEG'LIGENT, careless; heedless. to treat with. dreg-o, negat-um, to deny, to refuse. DENY', to contradict; to refuse. NEG'ATIVE, implying denial. NEGA'TION, a denial. REN'EGADE, a deserter..7ryeterg;ger-ucZ,9 neither. NEU'TER, of neither party. NEU'TRALIZE, to render indifibr NEUTRAL'ITY, a neutral state. ent..VihiZg, nothing. ANNI'zILATE, to destroy. ~.oc-eo, to hurt..)oxsi-s, hurtful. IN'NOCENCE, purity; simplicity. NI U'SANCE, something offensive. Nox'ious, hurtful. OnBox'IUvs, subject; exposed 116 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY..JWo~,s,= zzonal-is$,9 a name. DENOMINA'TION, a name; a class. Non''INAL, not real; in name IG'NoM0;INYi,~disgrace; shame. only. NA MNE, the term by which we NOisI'INATE, to name; to propose. call or distinguish things. PRo'NouN, a word used instead LNO'MENCLATURE, a system of of a noun. [terms. names. TRINO'MINAL, containing three,7r6hs, not. NON'AG:E, minority in age. f NON'PLUs, a great difficulty. NONDESCRIPT', not yet described. NON'SENSE, unmeaning words..rle'ox ~, g night. EQUINox, the time of equal day EQuINoc'TIAL, pertaining to the and night. equinox. NOCTUR'NAL, nightly. NIGHT, the time of darkness..yr?~rism — a rule or square. ENOR'MOUs, excessive. I NoR'I.AL, according to rule. js"oae-,, no~t-ug to know. JwoobUa. noble. IGNO'BLE, of low birth. NIO'TIONf thought; idea. KIPOWL'EDGE, learning; infor- NoTo'RIovs,~publicly known. mation. REC'OGNIZE, to know again. NOBIL'ITY9, dignity; rank. RECOGNITI'ON, the art of recogNOTE, a mark; notice. nizing. NO'TICE, to note; to heed. RECONNOI'TER, to examine; to No'TIFY, to make known. survey. ~JP g~o% a mark. No'rTAR,~an officer who attests | DENOTE', to betoken. contracts and writings. NO'TICE, observation. eo.Wov ~E~ new. IN'NOVATE, to introduce novelties Nov'scx, one unskilled. or change. NOVI'TIATE, state of a novice. NOV'EL, new; unusual. RENEW', to make again. NOV'ELTY, newness; freshness. RNiOva'TIONt, renewal. ASlV9C,srC.9 * *9 to veil, to marry. C(ONNUI'BIAL, nuptial; matrimo- I NUPtTIAL, relatingr to mai nial. riage..Jn r:d,3,% naked, bare. DENUDE', to strip; to make bare. Nu' DTrr, nakedness.'j i 1,'I~.7,,Vi'gc3 none, no one. ANNUJL', to abolish. I'I'~'LIFY, to make void. NULL, void; of no force. NuTL'LITx, nothingness. [ v~~~z t alcorT~r votid.~nss LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 117 "rumer-us, a number. ENU'MERATE,to reckon up singly. NU'MERAL, relating to number. INNU'MERABLE, that cannot be NUMiERA'TION, art of numbering. numbered. NUMER'ICAL, denoting number. NUM'BER, to count; to reckon. NU'MEROUS, many; not few. Jruencio, nunciatt-um, to bring news, to tell. ANNOUNCE', to publish. MISPRONOUNCE', to pronounce ANNUNCIA'TION, the act of an- improperly. nouncing. PRONOUNCE', to speak; to utter. DENOUNCE', to declare against. PRONUNCIA'TION, mode of utterDENUNCIA'TION, public threat. ance. [claim. ENUN'CIATE, to declare; to ex- RENOUNCE', to disown; to dispress. RENUNCIA'TION, a disowning. J.2utri-o, 9nutritt.um, to nourish, to suckle. NOUR'ISH, to support by food. NU'TRIMENT, nourishment; food. NURSE, a person who has the NUTRITI'ON, the act or process care of infants or sick persons. of nourishing. Oceua-us, hidden, secret. OccULT',Osecret; hidden. Ocul-us, the eye. BINOC'ULAR, having two eyes. | INOC'ULATE, to insert the eye or OC'ULIST, an eye-doctor. bud of one tree in another. Odi, I hate, or have hated. O'DIous, hateful. J O'DIuM, hatred. Odor, a scent or smell. INO'DOROUs, wanting scent. I O'DoR, scent; fragrance. Ol-eo, to emit odor, to grow. ABOL'ISH ~to annul; to repeal. OB'SOLETE, out of use. ismelling. ABOL.rI'ON, the act of abolishing. OLFAC'TORY, having the sense of ADULT', one full grown. RED'OLENT, diffusing odor. Omen,, omi-isg, an omen. ABOM'INATEto abhor; to detest. | O'MEN, a sign; a prognostic. ABOM'INABLE, hateful. OM'INOUS, foreboding. O an-s, all, every. OMNIPRES'ENT, present every- | OMNIP'OTENT, almighty. where. OMNIS'CIENCE, infinite wisdom. Onus, o0cr.r-s, a burden, or load. EXON'ERATE, to disburden. I O'NEROUs, burdensome. oper-a. work, labor. CO-OP'ERATE, to labor jointly for OP'LRA, a dramatic composition the same end. [ment. set to music. MANm-CTJ'VRE,' a skillful mnove- OPEiRA'TrioN, agency; influence 118 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Ojp0i o9' to think, to imagine. OP'INE, to think. I OPIN'O.N, judgment; notion. o@fff- to wish, to choose. ADOPr',~to receive as one's own. I OP'TION, choice; prefsrence. Opugez.ts,$9 wealthy, rich. OP'ULENCE, wealth; affluence. Orb s, a circle or globe. ExoR'BITANT,oenormous; exces- Oa'BIT, a line described by a reORB, a sphere; a wheel. [sive. volving planet. Or.d-o, ardizi$s, order, arrangement, rank. CO-OR'DINATE, holding the same ORDAIN',Oto appoint; to decree. rank. OPRDINAL, noting order. DIsoR'DnR, to ruffle; to confuse. OR'DINANCE, a public law. EXTRAOR/DINARY,O remarkable. OR,'DINAry, common; usual. 1NOR'DINATE,O immoderate. PREORDAIN', to ordain beforeINSUBORDINA'TION, disobedience; hand. revolt. SUBOR'DINATE, inferior; subject. @r-or os $s,-$ to rise, to spring. 0 -3=o@, the beginning. ABOR'TION, failure. ORIGINAL'ITY, the state of being O'RIENTAL, eastern. original. ORIOGIN, beginning; source. ORIG'INATE, to bring into being. 0rk=0, ar.gtt, to deck, or dress. ADORN', to dress; to decorate. SUBORN!,~ to procure to take a OR'NSAENT, an embellishment. false oath. 0or.c oe-sg=rs23 to speak, to beg. ADO E!, to worship. [entreaty. Ortasos, a supplication. INEX'ORABLE, not to be moved by O'RAL, delivered by mouth. OR'ACLE,* one famed for wisdom. OR'ATOR, an eloquent speaker. ORAC'ULAR, uttering oracles. OR'IFICE, an opening to a cavity. Gs o-sm-43 a bone. OsgsEous, bony. to OSSIICA'TION, the act of ossifyOs'siFy, to change to bone. ing. ~Ogi=~taa, ease, retirement from business. DisEASE', distemper; malady. EASE, quiet; facility. NTEoOrTIAzE, to transact busi- NEGOTIA'T~ION, a treaty of business. ness. * Oracle, among Pagans, the answer of a god or some person reputed to be a god, to an inquiry made respecting some affair of importance, usually some iuture event, -as the success of an enterprise or battle. The deity who gave, or was supposed to give an answer to inquiries, as the Delphic oracle. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 119 Ov te'i an egg. O'VAL, shaped like an egg. O'VOID, egg-shaped. O'VARY, the seat of eggs. OVIP'AROoIs, producing eggs. _9l2'g6e -o9 to be pale. PAL'LID, pale; not bright. j PAL'LOR, paleness. P.igst - Uan, a cloak. PALL, a covering for the dead. j PAL'LIATE,~tO soften; to ease. ~Pe*gw'a9, the palm of the hand; the palm tree. PALMET'TO, a species of the PA'LMY, flourishing. palm tree. PAL'MISTRY, fortune-telling by PALMIV'ERous, bearing palms. the palm of the hand. EP.l rp.o, pa paa.lTnb, to touch gently or softly. PAL'PABLE, that may be felt. I PAL'PITATE, to beat; to flutter. Pa -og pa- anar,9 to open, to spread. EXPAND', to spread; to open. I EXPAN'SION, a spreading out. ~Pa'a.p-1 bread. PANA'DA, bread boiled in water PAN'TRY, an apartment for pro. and sweetened. visions. Pre zgnv. cloth. ACCOM'PANY, to go along with. I COMPAN'ION, an associate. CO'rPANY,~"a band; a society. IIMPANNEL,Oto enroll jurors..urgv, equal, like. COMPA,*E', to set side by side; DIsPAR'AGES,~t cause disgrace. to examine together. DISPAR'ITY, inequality. COMPAR'ATIVE, estimated by PAIR, a couple. comparison. PEER'AGE, the rank of a peer. ZOMPEER', an equal. PEER'LESS, without an equal. Pa'r/=e "ps~tR~ *g* to appear. APPEAR', to become visible. DISAPPEAR'A.CE, removal from APPA'RENT, visible; evident. sight. [through. APPARITI/ON, a spectre; a ghost. TRANsPA'RENT, that can be seen.P artc, pr-hentm, to bring forth. O'VERT, open to view; public. OVIPAROUS, producing eggs. O'VERTURE,, opening; proposal. |PA'RENT, a father or mother - a r,~.er (Fr.), to speak. PAR'LEXT, a conference. PAR'LOR, a room for the recepPAxn'LIAMrENT,~a supreme legis- tion of company. lative council. PAROLE', a word of mouth. 120 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Par-o, parat-umn, to prepare. APPARA'TUS, necessary instru- INSEP'ARABLE, not to be parted. ments for any trade or art. IRREP'ARABLE, not to be repaired. APPAR'EL, dress; clothing. PARADE', show; ostentation. DISSEVER, to part in two. PREPAR'ATORY, introductory. EM'PEROR, a monarch. REPAIR', to restore; to amend. EM'PIRE, the dominion of an REPARA'TION, amends. emperor. SEP'ARABLE, that may be parted. IMPER'ATIVE, commanding. SEP'ARATE, to divide; to part. IMPE'RIAL, royal. SEV'ER, to force asunder. IMPE'RIOUS, haughty. SEV'ERAL, many; distinct. Pars, part-ts, a part, a portion. APART', at a distance. [parts. PARTIC'IPATE, to partake. APPORTION, to divide into just PAR'TICIPLE, one of the parts COPART'NER, a joint partner. of speech. DEPART', to go away; to leave. PAR'TICLE, a minute part. DEPAR'TURE, a going away. PARTIC'ULAR, not general; dis IMPART', to give; to make tinct from others. known. PAR'TISAN, an adherent. IMPAR'TIAL, equitable; just. PARTITI'ON, a division. MISPR0POR'TION, to join without PART'NER, an associate. symmetry. PAR'TY, a faction. PAR'CELa small bundle. POR'TION, a part; an allotment. PARSE, to resolve by grammati- PROPoR'TIoN,osymmetry; size. cal rules. PROPOR'TIONATE, in proportion. PART, a portion; a share. REPARTEE', a witty reply. PAR'TIAL, biased to one party. Pasc-o, pasbtu 9, to feed. PAS'TOR,~a clergyman. PASTURE, land on which- cattle PAS'TOAL, relating to shepherds. REPAST', a meal. [graze. ia~ss8-s, a pace, a step. CoMIPASS, grasp; space. PAS'SENGER, a traveller. [sage ENCoM'PASS, to surround. PASS'PORT, a permission of pasPACE, to measure by steps. PAS'TIME, sport; amusement. PAS'SAGE, the act of passing; a SURPASS', to excel'; to exceed. journey. TREs'PAss,~an offence. lPater, patr-is, a father. COrIPA'TRIOT, one of the same PA'TRIARCH, the father and ruler country. of a family. EXPA'TRIATE, to banish from PAT'RIMONY, an inherited estate. one's country. [parent. PA'TRIOT, a lover of his country. PAR'RICIDE, the murder of a PA'TRON,~a supporter. PATER'NAL, fatherly; kind. PAT'RONIZE. to protect; to sup PATRICI'AN,~a nobleman. \ port. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 121 Pati-or, pass-us, to suffer, to endure. COMPASSI'ON,) pity; sympathy. PAssIFoN,Oanger; zeal. IMrPASSI'ONED, strongly affected. Pas'sIvE,~unresisting. IIPA'TIENT, hasty; eager. PA'TIENCE, calm endurance. Pauper, poor. IMPOV'ERISH, to make poor. PooR, indigent; lean. PAU'PER, a poor person. POV'ERTY, indigence; want. _Pxz, pac-is, peace. APPEASE', to quiet; to still. I PACIFICA'TION, the act of making PAC'IFY, to appease; to quiet. PEACE, quiet; rest. [peace. Pe~cc-o, to do wrong, to sin. PECCADIL'LO, a petty fault. | PEC'CANT, sinning; guilty. - Pe~ t-u pector-is, the breast. EXPEC'TORATE, to eject from the i PEC'TORAL, belonging to the breast. breast. pecu-ee.,a money. PECJU'NIARY, relating to money. Pelg-o, pegla-um~, to call, to name. APPEAL', to refer to another tri- APPELLA'TION, a name; a' tlte. bunal. REPEAL', to recall; to revoke. -Pegl-o, pu s-yun, to drive, to strike. COMPEL',~to force; to oblige. PROPEL', to drive forward. COMPUL'SORvY, forcing. PULsE,~the throbbing of the arDISPEL', to drive away. teries. EXPEL', to drive out. PULSA'TION, a beating; a throbEXPUL'SION, act of driving out. bing. IMPEL', to urge forward. REPEL', to drive back. IM'PULSE, force given. REPULSE', a rejection. [ding. IMPUL'SIVE, causing to move. REPUL'SIVE, driving off; forbidPdeni-eo pens-um, to hang. APPEND', to hang or join to. PEND'ULUM, a vibrating body. APPEND'IX, something appended. PERPENDIC'ULAR, directly downDEPEWD', to hang from; to rely. wards. DEPEND'ENCE, trust; reliance. PROPENS ITY,~inclination. IMPEND', to handqover. SUSPEND', to hang; to interrupt. INDEPEND'ENT, free; not con- SUSPENSE', uncertainty. trolled. SuTSPEN'sION, a hanging up. Ped4.-o, pes-.um'to weigh,to lay out. COrPEND'ICM, an abridgment. DISPENS'ART, the place where COlI'PENSATE,~tO requite. medicines are given to the DISPENSArTION, distribution. poor. 11 122 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. DISPENSE', to deal out. INDISPENS'ABLE, not to be omit EXPEND', to spend; to lay out. ted or spared. EXPEND'ITURE, amount expend- PEN'SION, an annual allowance. ed. PEN'SIONARY, one who receives EXPENSE', cost; charges. a pension. EXPEN'SIVE, lavish; costly. REC'OMPENSE, a reward. PEN'SIVE, serious. STI'PEND, wages; stated pay. Pen-e, almost. PENIN'SULA, a piece of land al- PENULT', the last syllable of a most surrounded by water. word but one..Penit-eo, for Paniteo, to repent. PaDna, punishment. IMPEN'ITENT,O~bdurate. PEN'ANCE, voluntary suffering PAIN, uneasy sensation. on account of sin. PE'NAL, enacting punishment. PENITEN'TIARY, a prison. PEN'ITENT, contrite for sin. REPENT', to sorrow for sin. Penn-.a, a feather, a wing. PEN, an instrument of writing. I PEN'NATE, winged. Peri-or, perit-w s, to try, to prove. EXPER'IMENT, trial. EXPERTo skilfU.l; prompt. EXPE'RIENCE, to know by trial. UNEXPERT', wanting skill. Perpes, perpet-is, entire, never-ceasing. PERPET'IJAL, never-ceasing. PERPETU'ITY, duration to all fX PERPET'UATE,tO make perpetual. turity. Person-a, a mask used by players; a person. IMPER'SONAL, not varied by per- PER'SON, a human being. sons. (in grammar.) PERSON'IFY, to change from a PER'SONATE, to represent. thing to a person. Pes, ped-is, the foot, a foot. BI'PED, a two-footed animal. PED'ESTAL, the base of a pillar EXPE'DIENT, device; means. or statue. EX'PEDITF.,tO facilitate. PEDES'TRIAN, going on foot. EXPEDITI'OUS, quick. PED'IGREE,'lineage; descent. IMPEDE',oto hinder. QUAD'RUPED, a four-footed aniIMPED'IMENT, hinderance. mal. Pest-is, a plague, an infection. PEST, a plague; an annoy- I PES'TILENCE, a contagious disance temper. Petit, (Fr.), little, small. PET'TIFOGGER, a petty lawyer. | PET'TY, small; little. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 123:Pet-o, petit-mm, to seek, to ask. AP'PETITE,~desire; hunger. IMiPE'TUS, force from motion. COMPAT'IBLE,oconsistent. IMPET'UOuTJ, violent; fierce. COMPETE', to rival. INCOM'PETENT, not adequate. COM'PETENCE, sufficiency. PETITI'ON, entreaty. COMPET'ITOR, a rival. REPEAT', to do again; to recite. Pil-o0 pilat-um, to pillage, to rob. COrMPILE', to collect from various PIL'FER, to steal. authors. PIL'LAGE, plunder; spoil. -Ping-o. pjit-um, to paint. DEPICT', to paint; to describe. PIC'TURE, a painting. PAINT, to describe; to color. PICTURESQUE', like a picture. PICTO'RIAL, containing pictures. PIGIMENT, paint; color. Pi-o, piat-tm, to atone for. EX'PIATE, to atone for. i EX'PIATORY, for atonement. Pisc-.s, a fish. PIS'CATORrY, relating to fishes. Plac~eo, to please. COMPLA'CENCY, calm satisfaction. PLEASE, to delight; to gratify. COM'PLAISANT, pleasing in man- PLEAS'ANT, gay; agreeable. DISPLE ASE', to make angry.[ners. PLEAS'ANTRY, gayety; mirth. PLAC'ID, gentle; quiet. PLEAS'URE, delight; choice. Pla.c-o, to appease; to pacify. IMPLA'CABLE, not to be appeased. Plan g-o, planct-um, to beat, to bemoan. COMPLAIN', to murmur; to la- PLAGUE, to infest; to tease. ment. PLAIN'TIFF,~he that commences COMPLAINT', PLAINT, a lamenta- a lawsuit. tion; a murmuring. PLAIN'TIVE, lamenting. Plat.-a, the sole of the foot; a plant. DISPLANT', to pluck up. SUPPLANT",~to displace. IMPLANT', to insert; to engraft. TRANSPLANT', to move and plant PLANTA'TION, a farm; a colony. in another place. PZan-us, plain, smooth; evident. EXPLAIN', to expound; to make I EXPLANA'TION, act of explaining. clear. PLAIN, flat; clear. Pland-o, plaus-uns, to praise by clapping hands. APPLAUD', to praise; to extol. EXPLO'SION, a sudden bursting, APPLAUSE', approbation. PLAU'DIT, loud praise. EXPLODE', to drive out; to PLAU'sIBLE,~speiouse; seemingburst. ly right. 124 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Plebs, pgeb-is, the common people. PLEBE'IAN, vulgar; low. Pi~eu-ss, full. PLE'NARY, full; complete. PLEN'TY, abundance. PLEN'ITUDE, fulness; repletion. REPLEN'ISH, to stock; to fill. PI1e-o, p et-, to fill. ACCOM'PLISH, to execute; to COM'PLIMENT,~an act of civility. finish. - IMPLEMENT,oa tool; a utensil. COM'PLEMENT, full quantity. INCOMPLETE', not finished. COMPLETE', perfect; full. REPLETE', full. EX'PLETIVE, a word used to fill SUP'PLEMENT, an addition. a vacancy. SUPPLY', to fill up; to furnish. PE/i~o, plicat-unt, to fold, to knit. AcCOMTPLICE,o an associate in MUL'TIPLE, a number which excrime. actly contains another several APPLYV,~tO put to; to suit to. times. AP'PLICABLE, suitable. MVUL'TIPLY, to make many AP'PLICANT, he who applies. fold. APPLICA'TION, great industry. MULTIPLIC'ITY, great variety. COMn'PLEX, intricate; entangled. PERPLEX',~tO entangle; to vex. COMPLEX'ION, the color of the PERPLEx'ITY,distraction of mind. skin and features. PLI'ABLE, flexible; pliant. COM'PLICATrE,to entangle. PLI'ANT, yielding; easily bent. COMPLY', to yield to. PLY, to work on closely. COMPLI'ABCE, submission. PLI.ERS, small pincers. DISPLAY', to exhibit. QUAD'RUPLE, four-fold. DOUB'LE, to make twice as great. REPLY', to answer. DUPLIC'ITY, deceit. SIma'PLE, plain; artless. ExPLIcr IT,~plain; clear. SIM'PLETON, a silly person. IMPLY',~tO express indirectly. SIMIPLIC'ITY, plainness; single. IMPLIC'IT, resting on; trusting. ness. INAP'PLICABLE, unfit. SIM'PLIFY, to render easy. INEX'PLICABLE, incapable of SuP'PLIANT,~a petitioner. being explained. SUP'PLICATE, to implore. MISAPPLY', to apply to wrong TRIP'LE, three-fold. purposes. TREB'LE, to multiply by three. Plgorn-, plorat-unr, to cry out, to wail. DEPLORE', to bewail; to mourn. I EXPLORE', to search into. DEPLO'RABLE, lamentable; sad. IMPLORE', to entreat; to beg. Pgn-ra, a feather PLUME, a feather. I PLU'MIAGE, feathers. P;blunS-um,~ lead, a leaden bullet. PLUMB, a plummet. i PLUM'MET, a weight of lead atPLUMBA'GO, black lead. Itached to a string. LATIN AND OTHtER' ROOTS. 125 Pls9, p1tr-$, more. NON'PLUS, to bring to a stand. PLUS, increased by; added to. PLU'RAL, implying more than SUR'PLUS, that which remains one. over a certain quantity. Polg-is, the pole. OIRCUMPO'LAR, round the pole. POLE, the end of the earth's POLAR'ITY, tendency to the pole. axis..Porm-um, an apple. POMACE',the substance of apples I POMEGTRAN'ATE a kind of fruit. or similar fruit ground. POM'MEL, a knob or ball..Pondus, ponder'-s, weight. IMPON'DERABLE, that cannot be PONfDER,~to consider. weighed. PON'DEROUS, heavy. POISE, to weigh; to balance. PREPON'DERATE, to outweigh. PoneO: pos8$t-Um to put, or place. CoIvPOSV',toput together; to settle. INDISPOSE, to make unfit. COMPOS'ITOR, one who sets types. INTERPOSE', to place between, CoM'POST,O manure; any mix- OPPO'NINT, an adversary. COMPO'SURE, tranquillity. [ture. OP'POSITE, adverse. DECOMPOSE', to take apart. POSITI'ON, situation; place. DEPO/NENT,~a witness on oath. Pos'ITIvE,~absolute; certain. DEPOSE', to put down; to divest. POST,"station; office. DEPOS'IT, to lodge; to place. POSTPONE', to put off; to delay. DE'POT, a place of deposit. POS'TURE, state; attitude. DIscoMPosE', to disorder; to vex. PREPOSITI'ON, a part of speech. DISPO'SAL, regulation; control. PROPO'SAL, an offer. DISPOSITI'ON, temper of mind. PROPOSITI'ON, a thing proposed EXPOSE', to lay open. PRov'osT, a chief officer. ExPos'ITOR, an explainer. PuR'POSE, intention; design. EXPO'SURE, act of exposing. RECOMPOSE', to form anew. EXPOUND', to explain; to clear. REPOSE', to rest; to place. IMPOSE', to lay on. REPos'ITORY, a place for laying IMPOSITI'ON, constraint; cheat. up things. IMPOST,~ a ta a t a toll. SUPPOSE', to imagine; to think IMPos'TOR,~ a deceiver. TRANSPOSE', to put out of place 01ons, pont-is, a bridge. PONT'IFF," a high.priest; the I PONTOON',~ a boat used for ma., pope. king floating bridges. Popu-vis,, the people. _PaiIbfc-us, public. DEPOP'ULATE, to deprive of in- PoPULAR, pleasing to the people. habitants; to lay waste. POPULAR'ITY, the favor of the PE'OPLE, a nation; persons. people. POP'ULACE, the common people. PoPvuLous, full of inhabitants. l' [ 126 FIRST K1300 OF ETYMOLOGY. POPULA'TION, the whole people PUB'LISH, to make known. of a country or place. REPE'OPLE, to people anew. PUB'LIC,ocommon; open. REPUB'LIC, a free state. - Porr-o, forth, farther. PORTEND', to foretoken. I PORTENT', an omen of ill. Port-o, portat-um,, to carry, to import. COMPORT', to suit; to bear. PORT'ABLE, that may be carried. DEPORT'MENT, conduct; bearing. PORT'LV, bulky; swelling. EXPORT', to carry out. POR'TAL, a gate; a door. IMPoRT'ANT'weighty; forcible. PORT'FO'LIO, a case for loose IMPORT'ER, one who brings in papers. goods from abroad. PORT'Ico, a covered walk. IMPoRTUNE',to solicit earnestly. PORTMAN'TEAU, a portable bag OPPORTU'NITY, a fit place; oc- REPORT', a rumor. [for clothes. casion. SUPPORT,' to bear; to uphold. PORT, a harbor. TRANSPORTA'TION, conveyance. Poss-e, pot-ni, to be able.: DIspossEss', to putut t of pos- Pos'sE, an armed power. session. PO'TENT, powerful; strong. IMPOSSIBLE, that cannot be. PossEssI'oN, property. [prince. IM'POTENCE, want of power. PO'TENTATE, a monarch; a OMNIP'OTENCE, almighty power. PREPOSSES'SED, biassed. Voster-us, after, that comes after. POSTE'RIOR, later. [tions. POST'ERN,O~a small gate; a door. POSTER'ITY, succeeding genera- PREPOS'TEROUSf absurd; foolish. Pot-o, to drink. Po'TION, a draught. Prwav-us, crooked; wicked. DEPRAVE', to corrupt to debase. I DEPRAV'ITY, corruption. Preci-um, for Pretium, a price; worth, APPRAISE', to set a price upon. PRE'CIOUS, of great value. DEPRECIA'TION, a falling in PRICE, value; rate. value. PRIZE, to value highly. Prec-oer, precat-uWs, to pray; to entreat. DEP'RECATE, to pray against. PREACHI,Oto proclaim; to teach. IMPRECA TION, a curse. |PRECA'RIOUS, uncertain. Preda, for Prada, prey; plunder. DEP'REDATE, to rob; to pillage. I PRED'ATORY, rapacious. PreIhend-o, prehek es-umr, to take hold of, to seize. APPREHEND', to seize; to fear. APPREN'TICE, one bound to learn APPREHEN'sION seizure; fear. an art or trade. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 127 APPRISE', to give notice. MIISAPPREHEND', to misunderCOMPREHEND',~ to include; to stand. understand. PRIS'ON, a place of confinement COMPREHEN'SIVE, capacious; full. PRIzE,oreward; plunder. COMPRISE', to include. REPREHEND',OtO reprove. EN'TERPRISE, anl undertaking. REPRI'SAL, a seizure in retaliaIMPRIS'ON, to confine. tion. INCOMPREHEN'SIBLE, not to be REPRIEVE', to respite. understood. SuRPRISE',o~t astonish. -Prem-o, press-Cun to press. COMPRESS', to press together. IMPRINT', to press on. DEPRESSI'ON, dejection. OPPRESS', to crush by severity. EXPRESS', to utter; to press out. PRESS, to squeeze; to urge. EXPRESS'IVE, serving to express. PRINT, a mark made by types. IMPRESS', to stamp; to fix deep. REPRESS', to subdue; to quell. IMPRESSI'ON, a stamp; influence. SUPPRESS', to put down.'ar'im-$u- first. Prt2ccps, pricip-is, a prince. PRE'MIER, a prime minister. PRIM'ITIVE, original. [motive PRIM, formal; precise. PRIN'CIPLE, fundamental truth; PRI'MACY, the office of primate. PRINCE, a king's son. PRI'MARY, first; chief. PRIN'CIPAL, chief; essential. PRI'MATE, the chief ecclesiastic PRINCIP'IA, first principles. in a church. PRI'OR, former; anterior. PRIME, best; principal. PRI'ORY, a convent. PRIM'ER, a child's first book. PRIS'TINE, first; original. _Priv-uss single; one's own. DEPRIVE', to take from. PRIVATEER', a private ahir of PRI'vACY, secrecy; retirement. war. PRI'VATE, ecret; secluded. PRIV'ILEGE,~a peculiar benefit PRIVA'TION, loss; absence. PRIV'Y, secret; private. _Prob-o, proba-.um, to prove, to try. APPROVE', to commend. PRoBE,Oto search; to pierce. APPROBA'TION, act of approving. PROB'ITY, honesty. DISAPPROVE', to censure. PROOF, evidence; test. DISPROVE', to prove false. PROVE, to evince; to test. IMPROVE' ENT, a growing better. REP'ROBATE,O~OSt to virtue. PROB'ABLE, likely. REPROVE', to blame; to chide PROBA'TIONER, one upon trial., REPROOF', open censure. 1r~.p=9e. near: Pro.xin-W s nearest; next. APPROX'IMATE, to draw near. PROPITI'OUS, favourable. APPROACH', to go or come near to. 1 PROXIM'ITY, nearness PROPIT' IATE,'~t conciliate. RREPROACH', to censure. 128 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY..Propri..s, peculiar, one's own, fit. APPRO'PRIATE, peculiar; fit. PROP'ER, natural; fit. IMPROP'ER, unbecoming. PROP'ERTY, an estate; goods. IMPROPRI'ETY, unfitness. PROPRI'ETY, fitness; justness. 1Pros-a, prose. PROSA'IC, belonging to prose. Prosper, successful. PROS'PER, to thrive. | PROSPER'ITY, success; welfare _Pud-eo, to be ashamed. IM'PUDENT, saucy; shameless. REPU'DIATE, to put away; to reject. uEer, a boy. PU'ERILE, childish; trifling. I PUERIL'ITY, childishness. Pug'n-a, a fight, a battle. IMPUGN', to attack; to oppose. PUGILISM, boxing. [mind. OPPUGN', to oppose; to assault. REPUG'NANCE, opposition of Pune-o, punct-.urn, to point, or prick. COMPUNG'TION,' remorse. PUNCTIL'Io, a nice point of exEXPUNGE',~ to rub out. actness. POIG'NANT, keen; severe. PUNC'TUAL, exact; precise. POINT, to aim; to direct. PUNC'TUATE, to point off'. PON'IARD, a dagger.' PUNC'TURE, a small prick; a POUNCE, to fall on and seize. point. IPNCH, to perforate; to push. PUN'GENT, pricking; sharp. PuBni-o pruit-t.mr to punish. IMPU'NITY, exemption from pu- I PUN'ISH, to chastise. [ment. nishment. PU'NITIVE, inflicting punishJPr'-o, purg'att.umr, to make clean. EXPURGA'TION, act of cleansing. PURCl'ATORY, a place in which PURGE, to clear; to cleanse. Papists suppose souls are PURG'ATIVE, a purging medicine. purged from impurities. _Praus, pure, clean. IMPURE', not pure; unholy. PU'RITAN, one of a sect professing PURE, chaste; clear; holy. to follow the pure word of God. PT'RIFY, to make pure. PU'RITYinnocence; chastity tPus, pur.-is8 the corrupt matter of sores. PUS'TULE, a pimple. I SUP'PURATE, to form matter. Pusill.-us, weak, little. PUSIL~LAN'IMOUS, cowardly. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 129 Put-o, pugtt-.um, to prune, to adjust accounts, to think. ACCOUNT' reckoning. DEP'UTY, one that transacts AM'PUTATE, to cut offi) business for another. COMPUTE', to reckon; to calcu- DIS'COUNT,, * a deduction. late. DISPUTE', contest; controversy COUNT, to number.' DISREP'UTABLE, dishonorable. DEPUTE', to send; to empower IMPUTE', to attribute. to act. / RECOUNT', to relate. REPUTA'TION, credit; honor Pe"Wr's., rotten, fetid. PUTRID'ITY, rottenness. [rot. i PUTRE'SCENT, growing rotten. PU/TREFY, to make rotten; to PUTREFAC'TIVE, making rotten. Quadr-.a, a square. OQatguor5 four. QUAD'RANGLE, a square. QUAR'ANTINE,~ the time that QUAD'RANT,0a quarter of a circle. ships, suspected of infection, QUADRILLE', a game at cards; a are prohibited from interkind of dance, in sets of four. course with the shore. QUADROON', a person quarter- QUART, one-fourth of a gallon. blooded. [mal. OQUART'ER, to divide into four Q'UAD'RUPED, a four-footed ani- parts. QUAD'RUPLE, fourfold. SQUAD'RON,~part of a fleet. QUADRU'PLICATE, to double SQUARE, a figure of four equal twice. sides and four right angles. fQuwr-o, qnrs~sit-ums, to ask, to obtain, to seek. ACQUIRE',~to gain; to procure. PER'QUISITE, a fee or gift of Ac QUlsITI'oN,the thing acquired. office. [tions. CON'QUER, to gain by force. QUE'RIST, one who asks quesCON'QUEST, victory; a subduing-. QUE'RY, an inquiry; a doubt. Ex'QUIsITE,~excellent; fine. QUEST, a search. [tions. IN'QUEST, a judicial inquiry. QUES'TION, to examine by quesINQUIRE', to seek out. REQUEST', to ask; to solicit. INQUISITI'ON, search; trial. REQUIRE', to demand; to claim. INQUIS'ITIVE, curious. REQ/UISITE, necessary. qaais-.9, of what kind or sort. DISQUAL'IFY, to make unfit. QUAL'IFY, to render fit. Q.UALIFICA'TION, fitness. QUAAL'ITY, nature; property. ~'.e9-or, to complain, to bewail. QUJAr'REL, a brawl; a dispute. QUERIMO'TNIOUS, complaining. qsuiesg qie t-is, rest, ease. ACQUIESCE', to quietly assent. QUI'ETDE, rest; repose. DISQUI'ET, to make uneasy. RE'QUIEM,~a hymn for the dead * Discount, literally a counting back or from; a sum deducted from the prin, cipal for prompt or advanced payment. 130 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Quinque, five. quint-us, fifth. QUINTES'SENCE, the best part. QUINTU'PLE, fivefold. Quot, how many, so many. AL'QvUOT,~exactly measuring. QUO'TIENT, that which results QUO'RUM,~a competent number on dividing one number by to transact business. another. [turns daily. QUO'TA, a share. QUOTID'IAN, a fever which reRadl-uzs, the spoke of a wheel; a beam or ray. IRRA'DIATE, to illumine. | RA'DIUS, the semi-diameter of a RA'DIANCE, sparkling lustre. circle. Radix~, radic-is, a root. ERAD'ICATE, to root out. | RAD'ICAL, primitive; thorough. Rad-o, ras-um, to shave, to scrape. ABRADE', to rub off. I RAZE, to utterly overthrow. ERASE', to rub out. RA'ZOR, a tool for shaving. lRam-us, a bough or branch. RAMIFICA'TION, a branch; a di- RAM'IFY, to separate into vision into branches. branches. Ranc-eo, to be stale, or strong scented. RAN'CID, having a rank smell. I RANK, strong to the taste. RAN'coR,~malice; enmity. | RAN/KLE,Olo fester. Rang (Fr.), a row, order. ARRANGE', to put in order. i RANGE, to place in a row. DERANGE', to disorder. RANK, a row; a class. Rap-io, rapt-urm, to snatch, to seize. ENRAP'TURE, tO delight highly. RA'PIER, a thrusting sword. ENRAV'ISHED, enraptured. RAP'TURE, ecstasy; transport. RAP, a quick smart blow. RAV'AGE, to lay waste; to sack. RAPA'CIOUS, given to plunder. RAv'IsH, to delight; to transRAP'ID, quick; swift. port. Rar-aus scarce, thin. RAR'EFY, to make thin.. RAR'rIT, thinness; infrequency. Rat-us, thinking, established. IRRA'TIONAL, contrary to reason. RA'TION, a fixed allowance. RAT'IFY, to confirm; to settle. RATIONIL'ITY, reasonableness. RA'TIO, proportion. REA'soN, to argue rationally. Reg-o to govern. Re'tte-a a rule. Rect-us,4 straight. CORRECT', right, accurate. ERECT',~ to raise; to build. DIRECT',~ to aim; to regulate. INcOR'RIGIBLE, that cannot be DIREc'TION, aim; order. corrected. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 131 INCORRECTt, not exact; wrong. RE'GENT, a governor. INDIRECT', not direct; not fair. REG'ICIDE, murder of a king. IRREG'ULAR, not regular. REG'IMEN, regulation of diet. RECT'ANGLE, a right-angled pa- REG'IMENT,~a body of soldiers. rallelogram. RE'GION,~a country; a tract. REC'TIFY, to make right. REGULAR'ITY, conformity to rule. REC'TITUDE, uprightness. REGULA'TION, method; rule. REC'ToR,oa minister of a parish. REIGN, to rule as a king. RE'GAL, royal; kingly. RIGHT, equity; justice. REGA'LIA, ensigns of royalty. RULE, to govern; to control. Redt-re (Fr.), to give back, to restore. REN'DER, to return; to make. | SURREN'DER, to deliver up. Rept-im (ab repo), to creep. REP'TILE, an animal that creeps. Res, a thing. RE'AL, true; relating to things. j RE'ALIZE, to bring into being; REAL'ITY, actual existence. to conceive of. IRet-e, a net. RET'ICULE, a small bag. [net. RET'INA, one of the coats of the RETI'FORM, having the form of a eye, like a net. Ride-o, ris-um, to laugh, to mock. DERIDE/, to laugh at; to mock. RID'ICULE, to expose to laughter DERISI'ON, contempt; scorn. RIS'IBLE, exciting laughter. R;tgeo, to be cold or stiff. RIG'ID, stiff; strict. RIG'OR, severity. Riv-us, a river. ARRIVE:, to come to; to reach. RI'vALRY, emulation. DERIVE', to deduce; to draw. RIV'ULET, a small river. Robr, robeor-is, an oak, strength. CORROB'ORATE, to confirm. I RonvsT', strong; vigorous. Rod-.o, ros-um,, to gnaw, to eat away. CORRODE', to eat away slowly. CORRO'SION, the act of corroding tRog-o, rogat-rtm, to ask, to request. AB'ROGATE,~ to repeal; to annul. INTERROG'ATIvE, denoting a quesAR'ROGANT, assuming. tion. [vilege. DE.R'OGATE, to disparage. PREROG'ATIVE,~ an exclusive prn INTER'ROGATE, to question. PROROGUE',o to protract. Roe.n, a rose. RO'SEATE, rosy; fragrant. I Ro'sY, blooming; red. 132 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Rot-a, a wheel. Ro~tndl -s $ round. ROTA'TION, a turning round. ROTUND', round; circular. ROTE,a mere repetition of words. ROUTINE', a round of business. ZET, for:Mo{ (Fr.), a king. POM'EROY, a royal apple. VICE'RoY, a king's deputy goROY'AL, kingly; regal. I vernor. r M-er, red, ruddy. RUBICUND', inclining to redness. I Ru'vY, a precious red stone..R d-is, unwrought, rfude. ERUDITI'ON, learning. f RU'DIMENT, a first principle. u.2pt-tm (ab Rxvumpo), to break, to burst. ABRUPT', broken off; sudden.'ERUPT'IVE, bursting forth. BANKI/RUPTOunable to pay. INCORRUPT'IBLE, incapable of CORRUPT',~ to deprave; to de- corruption. base. [pravity. INTERRUPT/,OtO stop; to hinder. CORRUP'TION, wickedness; de- RuP'TURE, a breach., rq r4 $, the country. RU'RAL, relating to the country. I RUs'TIC, rude; plain; rural. Ra-C~er, suars;, sacred, devoted. CON'SECRATE, to make sacred. SA'CRED, holy; inviolable. DESECRA'TION, a profaning. SAC'RIFICE, to destroy; to deEX'ECRATE, to curse. vote. EX'ECRABLE, accursed. SAC'RILEGE, a violation of things SACERDO'TAL, belonging to the sacred. priesthood. SAC'RISTY, the vestry room of i SAC'RaNVIENT,~the Lord's supper. church. aa'rx, sab c-s.,; knowing, foreseeing. PRE'SAGE, to forebode. | SAGAC'ITY, acuteness. SAGA'CIOUS, discerning; acute. SAGE, wise; grave. $ag, salt, wit. SAL'AD, food composed of raw SALINE', briny. herbs. [for services. SAUCE, something to give relish SAL'ARY, a periodical payment to food.,aEi-o, saIt~-um 9 to leap, to jump. AsSAIL', to fall upon; to attack. DES'ULTORY,O roving; unconASSAULT', an attack. nected. CON'SUL, a Roman magistrate. EXULT','tO triumph. CON'SULATE, the office of consul...IN'SULT,~a gross abuse. CoNSULT',to ask advice of. REsiJLT',~consequence; effect. CoUN'SEL, to advise. SAL'I.Y,~tO issue out. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 133 Sal v-a9 spittle. SAL'IVARY, relating to spittle. Salus, s 1a t=s, safety, health. elav-.8s, unhurt. SAFE, free from danger. SALVYAGE, a recompense for savSALU'BRITY, wholesomeness. ing goods from a wreck. SAL'UTARY, healthful; safe. SALVA'TION, a deliverance from SALUTEr, to greet; to hail. SALVE, an ointment. [injury. SALUTA'TION, a greeting. SAL'VO,O a reservation; excuse..Nact- us, holy, sacred. SANC'TIFY,tO make holy. [piety. SANCTION, cotnfirmation. SAINT, a person eminent for SANC'TITY, godliness. SANC'TIMONY, holiness. SANC'TUARY, a temple. San - is san-gai 8,s, blood. CONSANGUIN'ITY, relation by | SAN'GUINARY, cruel; bloody. blood. SAN'GUTINE,~warm; ardent. sa.-M1;8.9 sound, whole. INSANE', mad; distracted. j SAN'ITY, soundness of mind. S-a~plG, to savor, to know. INSIP'ID, tasteless; flat. I SA'vOR, odor; taste., qt9s, enough, sufficient. INSA'TIABLE, not to be satisfied. SATE, to glut; to pall. INSAT'URABLE, not to be satu- SAT'ISFY, to content; to please. rated. SAT'URATE, to impregnate fully Sae e-a, a ladder, a stair. ESCALADE', the act of scaling I SCALE, to climb; to mount. walls. SCand~=O, a6c~a;,g to go, to mount. ASCEND', to move upwards. AsCEN'sIoN, the act of ascending. ASCENT', an eminence. DESCEND', to go down. CONDESCEND', to stoop; to sub- DESCENT', declivity; progress mit. downward. CONDESCEN'SION, a voluntary ScAN,Oto examine nicely. stooping from dignity. TRANSCEND'ENT, pre-eminent. sCioId-=o, $sC$S-=eng to cut. RESCIND', to revoke. I ScIs'soRs, small shears. BScnttll-a, a spark of fire. SCIN'TILLATE, to emit sparks. | SCINTILLA'TION, the act of throwI ing off sparks. 134 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Sci-o, to know.,ciens, sc~tet-i.s, knowing. CON'SCIENCE, the knowledge of CONSCIEN'TIOUS, regulated. by right and wrong. conscience. CoN'scIovs, knowing; perceiv- ScIENCE,~ knowledge. ing. SCIENTIF'IC, relating to science. OMNISC'IENT, all-knowing. Scrib-o, script-wn9 to write. ASCRIBE!', to attribute. PROSCRIP'TIVE, denouncing. AsCRIP'TION, the act of ascribing. SCRIB'BLE, to write carelessly. CIRCUMSCRIBE', to bound, to limit. ScRIBE,~a writer; a notary. CON'SCRIPT, one enrolled for the ScRIP,~a small writing. army. ScRIP'TURE, a writing; the Bible. DESCRIBE', to give an account of. SUBSCRIBE',~to sign; to attest. INSCRIBE', to write on. SUBSCRIP'TION, the act of subINSCRIP'TION, a title; an address. scribing. MAN'USCRIPT, a book or paper SUPERSCRIBE', to write on the written, not printed. [der. outside. PRESCRIBE',to set down; to or- SUPERSCRIP'TION, a writing on PRESCRIP'TION, a medical receipt. the outside. [from. PROSCRIBE',; to condemn; to de- TRANSCRIBE', to COPY; to write n.ounce. TRAN'SCRIPT, a copy. 0S~crd=or, to seek, to trace out. SCRU'TINIZE, to search. | SCRU'TINY, examination; search Scem 9lp sculpt..z,~ to carve. OULP'TOR, a carver of stone or SCULP'TURE, the art of carving. wood. S' rr..a, a scoffer, a buffoon. SCuRRIL'ITY,Oabusive language. I SCUR'RILOUS, abusive; vulgar. Scut-agr9, a shield, a defence. SCUTCH'EON, the shield on which a coat of arms is represented. $ec-o, sect-tzm, to cut. DISSECT', to cut in pieces. SECT, a division; a party. DISSEC'TION, act of dissecting. SEC'TARY, one of a sect. IN'SECT,Oa small creeping ani- SEC'TIoN, a part; a division. mal. SEG'IENT, a part cut off. INTERSECT', to cut mutually. VENESEC'TION, blood-letting. Sedeattts, calm, peaceful. SEDATE', calm; quiet. i SED'ATIVE, assuaging. * The sense of this word originated in the Roman practice of writing the names of persons doomed to death, and posting the list in public. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 135 Sedeoe, sess$-u,9 to sit. AssEss', to value. [tion. RES'IDENT, one who resides. AssID'uous,~constant in applica- RES'IDUE, that which is left. BESIEGE', to hem in; to beset. SEDAN/,~a portable chair. CONSID'ERto study; to ponder. SED'ENTARY, Sitting; inactive. CONSID'ERATE, thoughtful. SED'IMENT, that which settles at DIsPOSSESS', to put out of posses- the bottom. sion. SEDULos, od ili gent. INsID'IOUs,~treacherous. SESSI'ON, a sitting. PosSEsS',oto enjoy; to own. SIEGE, the act of besetting a for. PREPOSSESSI'oN, preconceived titled place. opinion. SUBSIDE',~tO sink away. PRESIDE', to be set over; to di- SUBSID'IARY, assisting. rect. [dent. SUB'sIDIZE, to furnish with moPRES'IDENCY, the office of presi- ney and arms. RESIDE', tO live in a place. SUPERSEDE',~to set aside. $Senea semin -Xs, seed. DISSEMINA'TION~ a scattering. j SEiIItNARYOa nursery; a school sezex., sea-is, an old man. SEI'GNIOR, a lord; a title. I SENfATE,* a body of senators. Sent-io, ses-.um, to feel, to think. ASSENT',the act of agreeing to. SCENT, smell; odor. CONSENT', to yield; to agree. SENSA'TION, perception by thb DISSENT', to differ in opinion. senses. DISSEN'SION, strife; quarrel. S ENSE, perception; meaning. NON'SENSE, unmeaning lan- SENS'UAL, pleasing the senses guage. SEN'TENCE, to judge; to con. PRESENT'IMENT, apprehension demn. of something future. SENT'IMENT,Othought; opinion. RESENT', to take as an affront. SENT'INEL, a soldier on guard. Septemn, seven. SEPTEM~'BER, the ninth month, SEV'EN, one more than six. (see note p. 165.) SEPTEN'NIAL,lasting seven years &~equ-.or', sec tI=s9 to follow. CONSEC'UTIVE, following in CONSEQUEN'TIAL, conclusive' regular order. pompous. CON SEQUENT, following as an ENSUE', to follow. effect. EX'EcUTE;~to carry into effect. * This was so called, because it originally consisted of the olde9t members 9f the state. 136 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. OBSE'QUIOUS, servilly obedient. PuRSUIT', act of pursuing. PER'SECUTE, to pursue with ma- SECQUEL, what follows. lignity. SUB'SEQUENT, coming after. PROS'ECUTE,0 to carry on; to SUE, to prosecute by law. continue. SUIT, a petition, a set. PURSUE', to chase; to follow. SUITE, retinue; company. Ser~et-.s, clear, falr, calm. SEREPNADE',~music performed at I SERENE', calm; placid. night in the open air. SEREN'ITY, calmness; peace. Secrp-o, to creep. SER'PENTINE, winding like a I SER'PENT, a creeping animal. serpent. Sert —um (ab Sero), to knit, to join in discourse. ASSERT', to maintain; to affirm. INSERT', to set in or among. DESERT', to abandon. REINSERT', to insert again. DISSERTA'TION, a discourse; a SE'RIES, a succession of things treatise. SER'MON, a religious discourse Serv-io, serv ig-9i, to serve, to obey. DESERVE', to be worthy; to SERV'ILE, slavish; dependent. merit. [army. SERV'ITUDE, slavery. SER'GEANT, an officer in the SUBSERvE', to serve as an instruSERVE, to assist; to wait on. ment. SerV-o, servat-.a, to keep, to save. CON'SERVE,~a sweet-meat. RESERvE',0~t hold back. CONSERV'ATIVE, opposing injury. RESERVOIR', a place where any OBSERVE', to watch; to keep. thing is stored; a cistern. OBSERVA'TION, the act of observ- SERVANT, a menial; a depending. ant. PRESERVE', to keep; to save. - Seveur-us, severe. SEVERE', sharp; harsh. J SEVER'ITY, Auaelty; harshness. Sex, six. SEN'ARY, containing six. SEX'TUP1, six-fold. SEXANG'ULAR, having six angles. | Six, twice three. Sex-us, sex. SEX'UAL, belonging to sex. Sidus, sidreris, a star..JONSID'ER, to deliberate; to DESIDERA'TUM, something needthink of. ed. D)ESIRE', a request; a wish. SIDE'REAL, relating to the stars. LATIN AND OTHER ROOTS. 137 Sign-*m, a mark or sign. ASSIGN', to mark out; to ap- INSIGNIF'ICANT, wanting meanpoint. ing; unimportant. ASSIGN'MENT, a making over. SIGN, a mark; a token. CONSIGNt', to transfer; to com- SIG'NAL, a sign, to give notice. mit. SIG'NALIZE, to render memoDESIGN', a scheme; a purpose. rable. DES'IGNATE, to point out. SIG'NATURE, a stamp; a mark. INSIG'NIA, marks of office or SIGNIFICA'TION, meaning. honor. UNDESIGN/ED, not intended. RESIGN', to give up; to yield. Siv-ta, a wood, a grove. SAV'AGE, wild; uncivilized. PENNSYLVA1NIA, the groves of SILV AN, woody. | Penn; one of the U. S. of N.A. Simi.-is, like, resembling. ASSIM'ILATE, to make like to. DISSIMULA'TIoN, hypocrisy. DISSEMiBLE, to hide under false SIM'ILAR, like; uniform. appearance. SmIM'ILE,~a comparison. DISSiM'ILAR, unlike. SIMIL'ITUDE, resemblance. Slmul, together. SIMULTA'NEOUS, at the same time. Sinister, on the left hand. SIN'ISTER, unfair; corrupt. Sinus, the bosom, a bend. INSIN'UATE,O to hint; to introduce slowly and artfully. Sist-o, to stand, to stop. ASSIST',Oto help. INSIST', to stand upon; to urge. CONSIST',Oto be composed of. IRRESIST'IBLE, superior to oppcDESIST', to cease from; to stop. sition. ExIST',Oto have being. PERSIST',O~t persevere. INCONSIST'ENT, incompatible. REsIST',~to make opposition. Situs, place. SITE, local position. J SITUA'TION, place; state. soci-o, to join. Asso'CIATE, a partner; a coin- So'cIAL, relating to society. panion. I SOCI'ETY, a collection of perSo'cIABLE,~familiar; friendly. | sons. Sog~ the sun. SO'LAR, belonging to the sun. I SoL'STIcE,Othe tropical point. Soag.eoa, to be accustomed. INO ess; implul INuSoLEs; NT haughty contempdence. tuous. 138 FIRST BOOK OF ETYMOLOGY. Solcit-us., anxious, uneasy. SOLIC'IT,0 to importune; to in- SOLIC'ITOUS, anxious; contreat cerned. SOLICITA'TION, entreaty. SOLIC'ITUDE, anxiety; concern. Solid-us, firm, hard. CONSOL'IDATE, to unite into a SOL'DER, to unite with metallic solid mass. cement. SOL'DIER,oa warrior. SOLID'ITY, hardness; firmness. Sol-or, to cheer, to comfort. CONSOLE', to comfort; to cheer. INCONSO'LABLE, not to be comDISCON'SOLATE, hopeless; sor- forted. rowful. SOL'ACE, ease; comfort. So