~~~~~~~~,,I' ~~~~~~~~~~~~~I' — 5 Ii -- ii' I ____ If' ili Ill] I - I I f I - __ 3 m i'' I III; jq//I li/f: - tfII]L I 11111'' 11ff *ffi/IIf1i /jii: I IJIf'Ii; - _,I! fli'b t GENERAL HISTORY OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN; WITH BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES, PORTRAIT ENGRAVINGS, AND NUMEROUS ILLUS TRA TIONS. A COMPLETE HISTORY OF THE PENINSULAR STATE FROM ITS EARLIEST SETTLEMENT TO THE PRESENT TIME. COMPILED BY CHARLES RICHARD TUTTLE. DETROIT: R. D. S. TYLER & CO., 66 GRISWOLD STREET. PRINTED BY THE DETROIT FREE PRESS COMPANY. 1873. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, BY CHARLES RICHARD TUTTLE, In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. I TO THE MEN OF MICHIGAN, WHO, FROM HUMBLE BEGINNINGS, BY TIMELY PERSEVRANCE AND WELL DIRECTED ENTERPRISE, HAVE WON WEALTH FOR THEMSELVES OR FAME FOR THE PENINSULAR STATE, THIS VOLUME IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED. i' PREFACE. SOME one has very properly written that the country is already overloaded with histories of itself; and the same writer as properly adds: "Not one of them pretends to constitute a general history of the United States in volumes, embracing a complete history of each State separately-a work that would be of incalculable value to the archives of every Commonwealth of the American Republic." It has been offered in reply to this, that "the early history of the United States is so consolidated and intermingled as not to admit of being divided into volumes that would adapt themselves respectively to each State." The last argument holds good only in so far as the task of compiling such a work is a difficult one, involving much labor that can scarcely hope for just compensation. The work presented in this volume is threefold in its character, embracing a general history of Michigan, from its earliest settlement to the present time (unincumbered by the records of a neighboring Commonwealth), including illustrations and brief descriptive sketches of the most prominent features of the Peninsular State, with portraits and short biographical sketches of its present leading business and professional men. With regard to the first and most important feature, it is proper to state that the works which the author has consulted freely, and to which the perfection of this book is most indebted, are Lanman's History of Michigan, Sheldon's Early History of Michigan, Bancroft's History of the United States, Parkman's Conspiracy of Pontiac, Lanman's Red Book of Michigan, Tackabury's New Atlas of the State of Michigan, Way's History of the Boundary Difficulty, and numerous other volumes. The great aim has been to condense from these works, and from more recent records, a 'plain and truthful history of the State from its earliest settlement to the present time. I PREFACE. In the second and third features, the aim has been to depict, by descriptive sketches and engravings, the more prominent modern features of the State, and to present the portraits with brief biographical sketches of some of its leading citizens. In doing the latter, care has been taken to select representative men in all the departments of trade, and in the learned professions, without regard to the accident of political prominence. The latter consideration has not, of course, been ignored in making the selection, but preference has been given to those who have, by unaided industry and native force of character, placed themselves in prominent and leading positions in their chosen field of labor. The labor of compiling this volume has been immense, and not always pleasant. The object has been to furnish to the citizens of the State a more complete history of the Commonwealth than has yet been written; and at the same time to give to the world, in a condensed and popular form, reliable information in regard to the resources of a State now truly imperial in wealth, population and power. How well this task has been performed we leave to the judgment of an indulgent and discriminating public. It will be observed that the portrait engravings in this volume are inserted without reference to chronological order. This became necessary for the reason that printing was' commenced before the engravings were finished. The only order observed is that in which the engravings reached the hands of the printer. In conclusion, the publishers desire to express their gratitude to the Detroit Free Press Company and its employes, for the faithfulness and painstaking care with which they have carried the mechanical part of the work forward to completion. The intelligence and skill displayed in this part of the work is patent to every reader, and is in itself an illustration of the enterprise which is characteristic of the men of Michigan, as well as of the magnitude and excellence of the oldest printing house in the Peninsular State. DETROIT, December, 1873. viii ILLUSTRATIONS. MISCELLANEOUS. New State Capitol (Frontispiece). The Indian Council at St. Mary's Falls (1671)...................... La Salle in the Griffin............................................ Death of La Salle............................................... Old Fort Michilimackinac..................... Unveiling of the Conspiracy of Pontiac......................... Fort Pontchartrain (Detroit) in 1705.............................. The First Churches Built in Michigan............................ Hon. T. J. Campau's Residence................................. Pear Trees in the Old Jesuit Garden.............................. Residence of Isaac Newton Swain................................ Country Residence of W. W. Backus............................. Burt's Solar Compass............................................. Burt's Surveying Company (with Marquette in the distance)....... Michigan Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument........................ Residence of Jamnes Nall, jr..................................... University of Michigan.......................................... Agricultural College, Lansing, Michigan.......................... Map of Straits of Mackinaw..................................... Michigan Female Seminary...................................... Detroit Homeopathic College.................................... Goldsmith's Bryant & Stratton Business College.................. Steamer W. L. Wetmore........................................ Saugatuck Union School......................................... Residence of M. Jacques Campau............................... The Joseph Campau Residence................................... View of the City of Grand Rapids.................................. View of the City of Adrian...................................... View of the City of Detroit............................ Second Presbyterian Church, Detroit............................ City Hall, Detroit........................................ View of Fort Street, Detroit...................................... View of the City of Flint......................................... 89 107 107 191 249 273 355 373 399 409 445 517 521 541 591 603 611 615 627 631 635 651 669 677 687 691 699 705 707 709 711 719 4,/G /, II,