ILL U STR A TI ON S OF N:ORTH AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY, (UNITED STATES AND CANADA,) ~Y TOWNEND FLOVER, TASHINGTON, p. F. ORTHOPTE RA. CO'NT:ENTS: Introduction............................................................................................ II BAangement of Families............................................................................ V:Pat —.......,..................,...........:..,.....,...............................:..........: Notes on Food and Habits of Orthoptera.............. 1 arasites.............................................. 2 List of Substances Injured by Orthoptera................................5...... List of Genera figured................................................... 7 List of Species figured.................................,................................................... 9 List of Desiderata and Errata........................................... 11 WASHINGTON, -7D.: C.: --. I'~3J. S. TOILINSON,;:PRINITERl: ANDBOOKSELLER, 18 72:. ILLUSTRATIONS OF NORTH AMIERICAN ENTOMOLOGY, (UNITED STATES AND CANADA,) 3Y TOWNEND GLOVER, WASHINGTON, P. F. ORTHOPTERAo CONTENTS: Introduction........................................................................................................... III Arrangement of Families....................................................................................... V Plates.................................................................................................................... Notes on Food and Habits of Orthoptera................................................. 1 Parasites................. ......................................2...................... 2 List of Bubstances Injured by Orthoptera.................. 5 List of Genera figured............................................................................................. 7 List of Species figured............................ 9 List of Desiderata and Errata......................................................... 11 WASHINGTON, D. C.: J. S. TO0ILINSON, PRINTER AND BOOKSELLER, 1872. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872, by TOWNEND GLOVER, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, D. C. INTRODUCTION. It is not the design of the author in the following work, to present scientific or highly-finished engravings of North American Orthoptera, but merely figures, giving a general idea of their form, size, and color, to aid the young Entomologist in the identification of species. At the same time reference is made to their names in MR. SAMUEL H. ScUDDER'S "Catalogue of Orthoptera of North America," published by the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, 1868, and to his "Materials for a Monograph of the North American Orthoptera," published in "Proceedings Boston Society Natural History, 1862," where many original descriptions as well as the names of their authors may be found. The REv. CYRus THOMAS has described many new species in the "Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences," Philadelphia, 1870, and in the "Geological Surveys of Territories, made by DR. F. V. HAYDEN," 1870 and 1871. In some cases it has been found necessary to figure European insects, where no specimens of the allied genera or species could be procured in the United States. In all such instances, the figures will be marked as European, and due credit given to the original work from which they were taken. In the arrangement of the list accompanying each plate, the first name given is always that of the latest and best authority; and the last, the name of the genus in which it was formerly placed by its first discoverer. As the works of SAY and HARRIS are most widely disseminated in the Northern and Eastern states, ther namnnes will also be given as synonyms when deemed necessary. Some of the insects figured have been transferred from other orders to the Orthoptera, for the reasons given below, namely:-The Thripidce were formerly placed by WEsTwooD by themselves in Thysanoptera, and more lately by DR. PACKARD among the Hemiptera: but asWESTwoo D distinctly says that "as they possess two setiform mcandibles, and the disposition of the other parts of the mouth are those of a real mandibulated insect," they cannot properly be retained amongst the haustellate Hemiptera, and are therefore placed provisionally amongst the Orthoptera. Podura and its allies also possess small manrzdibles with minute teeth, andl are not mentioned by MR. ScUDDER in his list of Orthoptera; but as LEUNIS in his "Synopsis IV INTRODUCTION. der drei Naturreiche" places them under the head of "Division B, false of wingless Orthoptera," they have also been classed with the Orthoptera until a better place can be found for them. The Mallophaga or bird lice also possess distinct jaws instead of a sucking tube, (Verrill,) and have small and hook-like mandibles. Such being the case, they cannot be placed with the true Pediculina which are decidedly haustellate, and are, therefore, also placed provisionally in Division B, or Wingless Orthoptera of LEUNIS. The text to accompany these plates will consist of merely the latest name, and some of the principal synonyms of the insects figured, with a concise history of their habits as far as known; their food, habitat; the best remedies used to destroy them if injurious, and the name of the donor, with a very short description of the principal families, or genera, and in some instances a brief notice of the principal difference, or any striking peculiarity, which distinguishes closely allied species from each other, so as to call attention to that particularly in the comparison or arrangement of specimens in a cabinet. There will also be a full alphabetical list of the principal vegetable and animal substances injured by any species at the end of the volume, for the use of farmers who do not understand anything about Entomology, but who can thus be enabled to identify any particular insect by referring to the plant on which it is generally found feeding. The~ thanks of the author are due to MR. S. I. SMITH, of Yale College, New Haven, Connecticut; MR. CHAS. R. DODGE, of Washington, D. C.; MR. C. V. RILEY, of St. Louis, Mo. for specimens kindly given from their own private collections, and fromI which the original drawings were prepared.. Especial acknowledgment is due to the REV. CYRUS THIOAs, of Illinois, and MR. PHILIP R. UHLER, of Baltimore, Md., not only for type specimens, but also for their valuable aid in comparing them with others, and in determining doubtful species. It fnay also be well to observe, that the original type specimens have been carefully preserved in the Entomological cabinet of the Museum of' the. Department of Agriculture in Washington, for future reference by any Entomologist who may wish to work up or study the Orthopterous insects of the United States and Canada. This small pioneer edition of fifty copies is intended for distribution to Entomologists and Entomological Societies only. The plates have been etched and the text written either after or before the hours of official duty; and it is also published at the expense of the author, anmd not by the Department of Agriculture. If it should be approved of, it is proposed to publish yearly, or from time to time additional plates &c. of the same size and in similar style of any new or rare Orthoptera which may be added to our list by the exploring expeditions, or by private enterprise, as likewise eventually to illustrate all the other orders of insects in a similar manner. INTRODUCTION. V The following table of the principal families of Orthoptera has been temporarily arranged for the use of young Entomologists who wish to classify their collections. The name of the Ifmily to which each insect belongs in SCUDDER'S Catalogue, &c.will be placed (in italics) as the end of' the list of names and synonyms appended to each plate. Gryllides. Scudder. ( ~Gryllid~es. Scudder. cler |~ IEx. iEcanthus, or flower cricket. Gryllus, coinAhetda (Leach) f oo on cricket, and Gryllotalpa or mole cricket. Locustariae. Scudd. Locllstaiae.. (aScudd. ) Wes. Phaneroptera, Phylloptera, Microcentrum and C yr-.. (Lachtophyllus. (Katydids.) Xyphidium; Orchelimum, &c.; slender meadow grasshoppers or Katydids; &c.; (Ceuthophilus,) large wingless cricket or grasshopper of Utah, and Hadenecus, cave wingless cricket. Acrydii Scudd. Acridium, Caloptenus, dipoda, Stenobothrus,&c. Division A. Locustidate. (Leach.) Westw. True true grasshoppers; and Tettix, grouse locusts. ()Ort;hoptera. Phasmidae. Scludd e. pe Walking sticks. M'antides. Scudd. Miantidae. Scdwd. JReazr horses or soothsayers. Macc~ntic. -~e Westw. Blattariae. Scudd. Blattidae. (Stephens.) Ifestw. Cockroaches Forficulariae. Scudd. For~fic.didae. (Stephenzs.) Westw. Earwigs. Fring ed Thrips and. allies, jforrlS y order, Thysanoptera of Westwings. J Thrpa- - wrood. l )i v i sioll BJ~~[ J.'.rmerne ly o r1 d e r lTh?/s at n'n ur a',,'!)ivision B. I FAtIolse W Poduridna.e. Spring aolnd bristle talls, { Bur., and slately i)e, nTe~uro7p(lItll-pte WOrthoptglessra. OIltholetera., Ortahtlloophalga. Birdl iice, sil, order Ortho:telcra bq CGerstaeker, c., Mtlloi:, haga. Bird lice, but pl iced iHn, 12mi'tc)ter, by Packard. Thlle False Orthoptera have been put after the True Orthoptera, so thlat they may either boe left out altogether, or removed into other orders if found desirable. PLATE I. —-ORTHOPTERA. li. I { Pl~iao njlld (tdd) pennsvi antict >Qc } *St i1(. ('t. 7(. Sonl. Mot. 417. IclIdd 1tt l1 2 { Periplaneta (Burm.) arnericano. Borm. 1;. o Platamocles (Scuddc.) penlsylvallica. Scucid. / ['[. Blatta (Linn.) De ('eel. Ectobia (esta (Bur.) germamic. Stephens. ). 1. 4. { Blatta (Linn.) " Ande & iIrulle. | 6 { StYlopyga (Fischer) orielntalis. Fisch. deW. } 7X2.. 9I Blatta (Linn.) Linn. f6 " 72" "i. " 41(;. BDiapheromera (Gray) femorata. Scudd. 1 7Bacteria (Latr.) Sayii. u}. 11. 1 Bacunculus (Burm.) femorats. Uhe..lei. i Spectrum (Serv.) femorantum. Saey. ( Anisomorpha (Scucld.) bupr estoides. Gr av. 8 Spectrum (Serv.) hivittatum. Sayv. y " 9l. " (). Blhasma (Licht.) buprestoides. Stoll. ) 9 Stenopelmnatus (Burm.) talpa. d\ BuriscL.' 78.'. Tts. 10 Labia (Leach)minuta. Scucld. " ). 11 Thamnotrizon (Fischer) dorsale. S BtErn. 0'. Lost'. 12 ryllotalpa (Latr.) longipe Scll:'. u2. 13 Gryllus (Linn.) pennsylvanicus. s Burm. }. 4 Acheta (Fah.) penusyl ranica u.Uhlel. l4." " 4, 2 i'8. " B(Acridium (Geoff.) alnericanum. Scudd. ) 15 Cyrtacanthacris (Walk.) Walk. 4 166. A cppht. SpectGryllus (Serinn.) femoDrury. ) 8 SCaloptenus (Serv.) bivittatus. 9 UhSle. ) 9 Senopelmaus (Bufemoratus. Burm. " 2,. 4. ( Gryllus (Linn.) bivittatus. Say. ) *Scudder's Catalogue and Moo( og' ai)lt, see Ilttrodloc-tionr. X;)A PLATE II. —-ORTHOPTERA. MANTIS CAROLINA: (Linn.) Scudder's Catalogue. p. 48. ]'htas..,id/. Fig. 1 Egg case. 2 Egg case with young escaping. 3 Young Mantis devouring another. 4 Young Mantis in the Nymph state. (Gray variety.) 5 Young " " " " (Green variety.) 6 Imago. Mantis carolina. (Linn.), 7 ".. " (Gray var.) 8 A.... 9 (Green var.) 9 Egg case cut longitudinally to exhibit structure. 10 it se it It 11 " " transversely.... 12 Wings of c 13, 14, 15 Base of Antennae, fore legs and tarsi. 16 Wings of? 17 Sciara? *This fly was popularly believed to be connected with the yellow fever whlich raged in Norfolk, Va,. in 1855. They were exceedingly numerous there during the whole time the yellow fever was prevalent in that year, and hence were known in Norfolk andits vicinity as "yellow fever flies.t' (See Sciara in Diptera.) .....E........... PLATE III. —-ORTHOPTERA. 1 AEdipoda (Latr.) eucerata. Uhler. } 8udd. Cat. 56. Scudd. Mono. 4U72. Aci':tr.i.. ihg. 1 Locusta (Linn.) Harr. CC ". ".... " 56.,, 472. AEdipoda (Latr.) discoidea. c Serv. 3 Acridium (Geoff.)tuberculatum. Pal de " 56. " 469. ~ Beauv. ) 4 Romalea (Serv.) microptera. 5 Serv. 0. Gryllus (Fab.) centurio. Burm. 74 (Ceuthophilus (Scudd.) maculatus. $ Scudd. I Rhaphidophora (Charp.) maculata. Harr. 5- Phalangopsis (Burm. " Harr. C " 21. " i 434. Lioctls1,it(lW [ Ephippigera (Serv.) S3ay. I MSS. J 6 Tridactylus (Oliv.) terminalis. Scudd. " 82. 425. Ur?:lylids. ({Edipoda (Latr.) discoidea. Serv. C 7 Acridium (Geoff.) tuberculatum. Pal de 56. 468. A',-r'yqUi. ( Beauv. ) 8 _Edipoda (Latr.) corallipes. 9 Hald. " 56. 0. 9 { Nemobius (Serv.) vittatus. Scudd. 54. Acheta (ab.) servilis. Harr. and Say MSS. 410 " " " cc " " " 54. " 430. i 11 Orocharis (Uhler.) saltator. 9 Uhler. " 58. " 0. " 12;' ".. " " 58.,, 0. " - 7i, ~ ~ ~ i PLATE IV. —-ORTHOPTERA. CEcanthlus (Serv.) nivens. De Geer. Fig. 1 " " fasciatus. Fitch. Scudd. Cat. 55. Scudd. Mono.431. G(ryllides. Gryllus (Linn.) niveus. Oliv. 2 " 55. " 431. " { Microcentrum (Scudd.) retinervis. 9 3 Scudd. " 3. " 436. Locastariae. Phylloptera (Serv.) " Burm. rPhylloptera (Serv.) oblongifolia S ) 4 Burm. 68. " 445. Locusta (Linn.) " De Geer. CEcanthus (Serv.) bipunctatus. $ De Geer. 4 GV CEcanthus " punctulatus. Fitci 432. Gylides. Gryllus (Linn.) bipunctatus. De Geer. J 6 it " " 55. " 432. C Orchelimum (Serv.) vulgare. Q Harr.l }. 59, 42. Locstoria. Pterophylla (Kirby MSS.) agilis. Harr. 8. " ". " cU " " 59. " 452. " (Mesops (Serv.) Wyomingensis. Thomas. Proceedings Academy Natural Science, 9 Opomala (Serv. emend.) Wyomingensis. Philadelphia, 1871. Arydi. 9i M ohomala(Serv.) emend.)Wyomingensis. T. Proceedings Academy Natural Science, (Thomas. Xyphidium (Serv.) fasciatum. g Serv. 10 Pterophylla (Kirby MSS.) fasciata. Harr. Scudd. Cat. 84. Scudd. Mono. 451. Loctstariae. 0 Orchelimum (Serv.) gracile.'Harr. L Locusta (Linn.) fasciata. De Geer. J 11 Xyphidium (Serv.) brevipennis. $ Scudd. " 84. " 451. " 12 Conocephalus (Thunb.) ensiger. 1 Harr. " 22. " 449. 1 Locusta (Linn.) acuminata. Stoll. 13 Stenobothrus (Fisch.) admirabilis. Uhler. " 77. " 0. Acrydii. Pyrgomorpha (Fisch.) brevicornis. $ Thomas. Opomala (Serv. emend.) " 83 " 0. 14 Truxalis (Linn.) Fab 83. 0. Gryllus (Linn.) (Acridium Fab.) brevicornis. Linn. ( Cyrtophyllus (Burm.) concavus. Jc Scudd. ) 15 Platyphyllum (Serv.) concavum. Harr. 24. 444. Locustarice. Pterophylla (Kirby MSS.) concava. Say444. Loc and Harr. 16 Egg and young of MNicrocentrum retin- } " 53. 436. ervis. Scudd. See Fig. 3. Zs............. W.................... air PLATE V. —-ORTHOPTERA. *Tettlx (Latr. enmend.) ornata. Scudd. Tetrix (Latr.) quadrimaculata. $? Harr. Var. figured. 1 Tetrix (Latr.) bilneatus. Harr. Var. I Fihog.1 Tetrixd(satr) b alisa. Scudd. Cat. 79. Scudd. Mono. 474. Acrydlii. " sordida. arenosa. Bnlrm " Acridium (Geoff.) ornatum. Say J 2.... 79. " 474. " (i Edipoda (Latr.) carolina. Burm. 3 Locusta (Linn.) caroliniana. Catesby. " 56. " 468. tLocusta (Linn.) corolina. Linn. & Harr. Edipoda (Latr.) phoenicoptera. 4 Germ.' 57.' 468. i' Locusta (Linn.) corallina. Harr. Acridium (Geofi) rubiglnosum. Y Harr. ) 5 MSS. 7. 467. Acridium (Geoff.) damnificum. Sauss. r Edipoda (Latr.) sulphurea. c Burm.) 6 Gryllus (Fab.)' Fab. " 47. " 470. Locusta (Linn.) Linn & Harr. (Tettix (Latr. emend) lateralis. Scudd. 7 Tetrix (Latr.) " Harr. " 79. 477. Acrydium (Geoff.) " Say. 8 Batrachidea (Serv.) cristata. Scudd, (Var.) " 11 " 478. " Tetrix (Latr.) " Harr. MSS. Tragocephala (Harr.) virldifasciata. Harr. 9 Tragocephala (Harr.) radiata. Harr. " 82. 461. dI E4lpoda (Latr.) virginiana. Burm. L Acridium (Geoff) virginianum. Oliv. ) (Egg of Phaneroptera (Serv.) curvicauda. I Serv. 10 erv. " 65. 448. Lo6'lstho, ia. 10 Phaneroptera (Serv.) angustifolia. Harr.448. O Locusta (Linn.) curvicauda. De Geer. J f Caloptenus (Serv.) femur rubrum. 11 Burm. " 20. " 464. Acrydii. Acridium (Geoff.) femur rubrum. Harr. 12 Acridium (Geoff.) obscurum. $ Burm. 6.' 467. Gryllus (Fab.) F 2Edipoda (Latr.) eucerata. Uhler in) 13' Harr. { Florida variety. Locusta (Linn.), Harr. 14 { Stenobothrus (Fischer.) maculipennis. $ } 77. 458. 15'{ Stenobothrus (Fischer,) longipenniis... 16.. f m r. "0. 457." (Caloptenus (Serv.) bivittatus.' Uhler. 16 i " I femoratus. Burm. 20. 465. Gryllus (Linn.) bivittatus. Say. ) *All these so-called species of Harris, &c., are said (by Scudder) to be merely varieties of Tettix ornata, (Scudd.)(Acridium ornatum, Say.) and that the'T'. ornata of Harris is the T. granulatus of Scudder's monograph, p. 414. VW PLATE VI. —-ORTHOPTERA. F Philopterus(Nitzsch.) falcicornis. Nitzsch. F'ig. 1P Europe. From *Leunis, p. 650. Pediculus (Linn.) pavonius. Linn. Eu- l1aga rope. From Leunis. 2 Machilis (Latr.) variabilis. Say. Massachusetts. Apterous. Orthoptera. 3 Machilis (Latr.) variabilis. Say. Massachusetts. 4 Phlocethrips (Halid.) coriacea. Halid. From Westwood. Thriplidce. 5 Thrips (Linn.) sp.? Europe. From Leunis, p. 648. " 6 Lepisma (Linn.) saccharina. Linn. From Leunis, p. 650. Apterots. } Ortho~ptera. 7 Podura (Linn.) villosa. Fab. Europe. From Leunis, p. 650. 7a. Smynthurus (Latr.) sp.? Not described. (Maryland, in fungi.) " 8 Trichodectes (Nitzsch.) latus. De Geer. ELrope. From Leunis, p. 651. Alfallophaga. 9 Thrips (Linn.) sp.? (Maryland, in greenhouse.) Thripidce. 10 Chloealtis (Harr.) conspersa. Harr. jScudd. Cat. 22. Scudd. Mono. 455. Acrydii.!0 Chloealtis (Harr.) abortiva. Harr. 11{ Chloealtis (Harr.) viridis. Scudd. " 22. " 455. t Stenobothrus(Fischer.)viridis. $ Scudd. 12 Phylloptera (Serv.) rotundifolia. Y Scudd. " 69. " 445. Locustar'ie. 13 Acheta (Fab.) hospes. Fab. " 55. " 430. Gryllides. Gryllus (Fab.) fasciatus. De Geer. 14 Gryllus (Fab.) domesticus. Y Pack. 2. 0. A}ry ii. 1 Acheta (Fab.) domestica. Thomas. Ill. Stenobothrus (Fischer.) curtipennis. g 1 Scudd. I 15 Chloealtis (Harr.) curtipennis. Harr. " 77. 456. l Locusta (.Linn.) " " J 16 Pezotettix (Burm.) borealis. Scudd. " 63. " 464. " 17 " " " " 63. " 464. " 18 " " " " 63. " 464. 19 Forficula (Linn.) sp.? From N. Y. borTficularice. 20 Cryptocercus (Scudd.) punctulatus. Scudd. " 24. " 420. Blattar(ie. 21 Stenobothrus (Fisch.) mequalis. ~ Scudd. " 77. " 459. Acrydii. 22 Phyllopalpus (Uhler.) pulchellus. Uhler. " 68. " 0. Gryllides. 23 (Edlpoda (Latr.) eucerata. c Erichs. " 56. " 472. Acryydii. Opomala (Serv. emend.) bivittatta.? 1 24 Opsomala (Serv.) bivittatta. Serv. " 58. " 0 Acrig4ium (Geoff.) " De HIaan. J 25 Phrynotettix verruculata (Uhler. MSS.) " " 0 From Pecos River, Texas. 26 Opomala(Serv. emend.) bivittatta J' Serv. } 58 Opsomala (Sery.) 27 Stenobothrus (Fischer.) maculipennis. " 76. O " var. Scudd. *Leunis. "Synopsis der drei Naturreiche." Ilannover. , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.......... Si~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~t~~~~~~~~:R~~~~~~~~A v w a PLATE VII. —-ORTHOPTERA. ( ettigidea (Scudd.) polymorpha. Scudd. ) Fig. 1 Tetrix (Latr.) parvepennis. Harr. Scudd. Cat. 79 Scudd. Mono. 477. Acrydii..... polymorpha. Burm (Var. B.) r Phaneroptera (Serv.) curvicauda. 6 (Serv.) " 65. 448. Locustarae. Phaneroptera (Serv.) augustifolia. Harr. Locusta (Linn.) curvicauda. De Geer. 3. " 9. 65. " 448. " Ceuthophilus (Scudd.) lapidicolus? 4 (Scudd0 21. 435. Rhaphidiphora (Charp.) lapidicola. Burm. Phalangopsis (Serv.) " Burm. 5... i " 21. " 435. " Orchelimum (Serv.) vulgare. Harr. 57. 4d 6 Pterophylla (Kirby MSS.) agilis. Harr. 57 452. Gryllides. 7 c c "? " " 57. " 452. " [ Copiophora (Walk.) mucronata' ] 8 Thomas. (Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr.t " 23. Acrydii. 1871; 444, and Can. Ent. 1872. Copiphora (Serv. of Agass.) J 9{ (Edipoda (Latr.) marmorata. Uhler.) marmora 56. 473. Locusta (Linn.) Harr. F Stenobothrus (Fischer.) curtipennis.' Scudd. Chloealtis (Harr.) curtipannis o' Harr. Locusta (Linn.) " Harr. 11{ Brachypeplus (Charp.) magnus. } " 20. " 0. " 12 { Blatta.(Fish.) orientalis. " Fischer, } 78. " 416. Blattariae. F Gryllotalpa (Latr.) borealis. 3 Burm. ) 13 19 ". brevipennis. Serv. 29. " 456. Gryllides. it It americana. Say. MSS.. " borealis. Burm. 14 Daihina (Hald.) brevipes. 3 Hald. " 24. " 443. Locustariae. 15 " ".. " 24. " 443. " 16 Anabrus (Hald.) haldemannii. 9 Girard. 3. 0 Pterolepis Thomas. 17 {Gryllus (Linn.) abbreviatus. Serv. 30 427. Gryllides. Acheta (Fab.) abbreviata. Harr. Nemobins (Serv.) exiguus. O Scudd. } " 55. " 429. " 18 Acheta(Fab.) exigua. Say. NH....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... I o J-4 PLATE VIII. —-ORTHOPTERA. Fig. 1 Caloptenus (Serv.) spretus. $ Uhler MSS. Scudd. Cat. 0. Scudd. Mono. 0. Acrydii. 2 Burm. " 20. 464. Acridium (Geoff.) " " Harr. [ Scudd. in Hayden's Geol. 3 (Edipoda (Latr.) atrox. Surv.Neb.253. Hayden's Geol. Surv., 1871, 458. J 4 Pezotettix (Burm.) picta. Thomas. } Proc. Acad. Nat. Scien., Phil. 1870. Thamnotrizon (Fischer.) trilineatus. Y Thomas. Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., Locustariae. { 1871, p. 443. 1 Decticus (Serv.) trilineatus. 6 Scudd. 40. 440. Rhaphidophora (Charp.) subterraneus. Tettix (Latr. emend.) lateralis(?) n Scudd. } 7 Tetrix (Latr.) " Harr. 79. 477. Acrydti. Acridium (Geoff) " Say. 8 Ceuthophilus (Scudd.) Uhleri. $ (affinis.) " 21. 435. Locustariae (Udeopsylla (Scudd.) robusta. c Scudd. 9 Phalangopsis (Serv.) Hald. " 83. 4" 43. (Daihinia (Hald.).. 10 Boopidon (Thomas.) flavofasciatum. Acrydzi Thomas. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1870. Y 1 Stauronotus (Fischer.) Elliotti. Y Thomas. Pr. Acad. Nat. Scien. Phil. 1870, 82. 12 { Caloptenus (Serv.) differentialis. 0. } [Acridium (Geoff.) alutaceum. ~ Harr.] 13 (Small spec.) 4. 466. " 13 Acridium rusticum (Burm. only.) 4 [ " torvum. Say. and Harr. J [ Copiophora (Walk.) mucronata. ] 14 Thomas. Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 23. 0. 1871, p. 444. Copiphora (Serv.) 15 Camptonotus (Uhier.):Scudderi. ~ Uhler. " 21. " Locustariae. ,,,... _ W.:.,._..,,....................'' I 0 ~..Z......................................;.....'................................................t f,.-..~..-. ~~ ~..~.~~........................................,~~~~.......................... t2 i" tS.' ())W~o te. PLATE IX. —-ORTHOPTERA. (Anabrus (Hald.) simplex.? Hald. ) Fig. 1 Thomas. Hayden's Geol. Surv.Terr. Scudd. Cat. 8. Scudd. Mono. 0..,ocIs:tiac. 1871, p. 438. ) ( @Edipoda (Iatr.) tenebrosa. 9 Scudd. ) Thomas Geol. Surv. Terr. 1871, p. 459. L lerlydii. 2 Tomonotus (Sauss.) mexicanus. Thomas. Pr. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., 1870. { Brachypeplus (Charp.) virescens. $ 20. 0. 4 { aloptenus (Serv.) differentialis. j5. 0. 5 Gryllus (Linn.) formosus. $ Say. 34. 0. Gryl, lides. (Edipoda (Latr.) trifasciata. ~ Walk. Thomas. Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr. J 1871, p. 456. 6 CEdipoda (Latr.) pruinosa. Thomas. 39. 0. A.ryii. Pr. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., 1870. Gryllus (Linn.) trifasciata. Say. Am. Ent. I Fig. 3, pl. 3. Acrolophitus (Thomas.) hirtipes 9 ) 7 Thozmas. 38. 0. Gryllus (Linn.) hirtipes. Sa.. ) 8 Decticus (Serv.) pallidipalpis. Y_ Thomas.. "0. Loeustcriae. lHayden's Geol. Surv. Terr. 1871, p. 442. 9 Locusta (Linn.) fuliginosa. c3 Thomas. Acrydii. Ha-yden's Geol. Surv. Terr. 1871, p. 443. r Gryllus (Linn.) luctuosus. - Burm. 10{ and Serv. " 35. " 427. (Acheta (Linn.) luctuosus. ) 11 Acheta (Linn.) luctuosus c$ 35. 427. 5-9 -90 PLATE X. —-ORTHOPTERA. [Diapheromera (Gray) femorata. Scudd. J Fig. 1 Bacterla (Latr.) sayii. Burm. Scudd. Cat. I1. Scudd. Mono. 1 Bacunculus (Burm.) femoratus. Uhlerd. Spectrum (Serv.) femoratum. Say. 2 Forficesila (Latr.) f From Westwood. 2}7. 2 gigantea Serv. European. 2 Labia (Leach) minor. Doubled. 43. i Forficula (Linn.) minor. Burm. (Stenobothrus(Fischer) curtipennis. $' 7 41 Chlcealtis (Harr.) curtipennis. Harr.. A [ Locusta " " J 5 Chlcealtis (Harr.) viridis. Scudd. " 22. " 445. "' Stenobothrus (Fisch.) viridis. ( dipoda (Latr.) verruculata. Y Scudd.) 6 Locusta (Linn.) latipennis. Harr. " 57. " 471. c c " verruculata. Kirby. (f Cdipoda(Latr.) carinata.,' Scudd. Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. 2, p. 306. 8 Gryllus (Linn.) neglectus. Jc Y Scudd. " 36. " 428. (rylliles fPhylloptera (Serv.) oblongifolia. c 1 9 Burm.. 68. 445. Locastori'e. Locusta (Linn.) oblongifolia. De Geer. (Tragocephala (Harr.) infuscata. J 1 10 Harr. 82. 461. Acrydii. ~ Gomphocerus (Thunb.) infuscata. Uhler. 11 CEdipoda (Latr.) sordida. c6 Burm. 57 473,. Locusta (Linn.) nebulosa. Harr. ti~dpoda(Lat.) srdid. ~?Bur. 57. 473. 12 Chlcealtis (Harr.) conspersa. Harr. 2. 455. IC. c abortiva.' 13 Acridium (Geoff.) alutaceum. 9 Harr " 46. 14 Stenobotlrus (Fisch.) maculipennis p } u" 77. " 45; 14{ Scurdd_}7.48 x PLATE XI. —-ORTHOPTERA. Fig. 1 Acridium (Geoff.) frontalis. Y Thomas. Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 448. Caloptenus (Serv.) occidentalis. Thomas. Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., Acrydi. 1871, p. 453. ) 3 Caloptenus(Serv.) viridis. Y Thomas. Hayden'sGeol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 450. " ( Caloptenus (Serv.) Dodgei. ( Thomas. 4 Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p.451. ) Caloptenus (Serv.) Dodgei. ~ Thomas. ) 5) Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 451. ) 6 Caloptenus (Serv.) differentialis. Scudd. 6at. 5 Thomas. (Dark var.) ( Opomala (Serv. emend.) bivittata. 7 Say. 58. Opsomala (Serv.) ) [ Mesops (Serv.) Wyomingensis. 8 Thomas. Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1871. [ Opomala (Serv. emend.) 9 Caloptenus (Serv.) Dodgei.' 9 Thomas. (See above.) Caloptenus (Serv.) Turnbullii. &' Thomas. 10 (Var. A.) Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 452. ) 11 { Ephippitytha (Serv.), gracilipes. c~ } Locustariae. 12 Phaneroptera (Serv.) coloradensis. 3c Thomas. MSS. (Pezotettix (Burm.) obesa. S Thomas. ) 13 Hayden's Geol. Surv., Terr., 1871, Acrydii. p. 454. ) 14 Pezotettix (Burm.) obesa. 9 Thomas. 15 Ephippigera (Serv.) tschivavensis. ~ (Hald.) Stansbury's Report. (Locusta (Linn.) occidentalis. Y Thomas. ) 16 Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 444. J (Pterolepis (Serv.) minutus. 9 Thomas. 17 Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 441. Locustariae. (Anabrus (Hald.) minutus. Thomas. ) j~~~~~~11 ~ ~ ~ l PLATE XII. —- ORTHOPTERA. Fig. 1 Nirmus argulus. From Rev. J. G. Wood. Nat. Hist., illustrated, p. 686. Mallophaya. 2 Menapon pallidum. Nat. Hist., llustrated, p. 686. " 3 Trichodectes longicornis. Nat. Hist., ill-ustrated, p. 685. 4 Trichodectes equi. Nat. Hist. illustrated, p. 685. 5 Docophorus cygni. Nat. Hist., illustrated, p. 686. 6 Haematopinus piliferus. Nat. Hist., illustrated, p. 6.B5. Haematopinus suis. Denny Monog. an- ) 7i oplurum. Nat. Hist., illustrated, p. ( 68 5. 8 CEdipoda (Latr.) rugosa. ~ Scudd. Scudd. Cat. 55. Scudd. Mono. 469. Acrydii. 9 Thrips (Linn.) cerealeum. Halid. From an English work. Thripidcre. 10 "t " "'- " " " ii Phlceothrips autumnalis. Uhler. Found on Oak, Md. " 12 { Edipoda (Latr.) montana. Y Thomas. Acrydii. Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 462. Acyd (Edipoda (Latr.) cincta.. Thomas.) 13 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., 1870. 70. Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 464. 1, Galoptenus (Serv.) griseus. Thomas. } 1 t layden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p 454. 15 CEdipoda (Latr.) undulata. Thomas. l Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 460. 16 Mantis (Linn.) New sp. Mfantides. (Edipoda (Latr.) maritima. ~ Scudd. 17 Locusta (Linn.) maritima. (Harr.) 1 Stenobothrus (Fischer.) curtipennis. 456.c Scudd. 18 Chlealtis (Harr.) curtipennis. Harr. 456. Locusta (Linn.) H" arr. J ( Tettix (Latr. emend.) ornata. Scudd. 19 Acridium (Fab.) ornatum. Say. (From " 79. " 474. Say's fig.) J 20. CEdipoda (Latr.) pellucida. g Scudd. " 57. " 472. (Edipoda (Latr.) carlingiana. 3" Thomas. ] 21 Proc.Acad. Nat.;ci., Phil., 1870, 81, and Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1870, p 275. -1? 3 S 6~ io 215 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~7,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~, 17 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 18~" ~~ ~ 6 ~~ ~~~t p~~ PLATE XIII. —-ORTHOPTERA. Fig. oblongifolia. Surm.cudd. Cat. 68. Scudd. Mono. 445. Locustariae. (Locusta (Linn.) oblongifolia. De Geer. 2 Pezotettix (Burm.) nebrascensis. Thomas. Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871,p. 455 Acrydii. CEdipoda (Latr.) Haldemanni. Scudd. Hayden's Geol. Surv., Neb., p. 253. (Edipoda (Latr.) corallipes. Hald. Stansbury's Rep., p. 371, pl. 10, fig. 2. 4 (Edipoda (Latr.) longipennis. Thomas. Hayden's Geol. Surv., 1871, p. 463. 5 Batrachidea (prob.) pupa. From Md. " 6 Thamnotrizon (Fischer) scabricollis. Thomas. Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr.,. 1871, p. 441. Locustarae. Stenopelmatus (Burm.) fasciatus. Thomas. (large sp. from Cal.) Hayden's Geol., 7 Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 434. 8 Locusta (Linn.) Harr. Scudd. Cat. 55. Scudd. Mono. 470. Acrydii. Gryllus (Linn.) " Say. 3 Pezotettix (Burm.) unicolor. Thomas. 10 Boopidon (Thomas) nubilum. Thomas. Hayden's Geol. Surv Terr., 1870, p. 273. l Boopidon (Thomas) nigrum. Thomas. Gryilus (Linn.) nubilus. Say. 11 Mantis (Linn.) missouriensis. Riley. MSS. Aflantides. 12 Mantis(?) Thomas. From Wyoming Terr, " 13 Oxycoryphus (Fischer) obscurus. Thomas.Hayden's Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p 466. Acrydii. *Acridium (Geoff.) semi-rubrum. Saussure. Scudd. Cat. 7. 14 Acridium (Geoff.) flavicorne of Stoll. 15 Caloptenus (Serv.)spretus. Uhler. (Young insect.) Thomas. Desc. Hayden's Geol. Surv. 1871, p. 451. *Acridium semi-rubrum is said, by Rev. CYRUS THOMAS, to have been taken in Southern Texas, but is mentioned by FITcaH in Trans. N. Y. S. Ag. Soc., 1856, p. 490, as occurring in Cayenne only. ~~~~-P "~~~~~~~~ NOTES ON FOOD AND HABITS OF ORTHOPTERA. The list of vegetable and animal substances injured by Orthoptera, as given below, comprises a very small number of the most important, as it would take up too much space in a merely preliminary sketch to enumerate them all. Should, however, the text relating to the. insects figured be published, it is designed to give a full list of all the substances injured, as well as all the insects injuring them, as mentioned by the various authors who have written on the subject. Before commencing the list it may, however, be advisable to mention some of the principal families, in relation to their food, in general terms. The Gryllina (Ceuthophilus, P1. III, Fig. 5; AEcanthus, P1. IV, Figs. 1, 2,) are mostly vegetable feeders, whilst Anabrus simplex (P1. IX, Fig. 1,) varies its diet, according to the REV. CYRus THOMAS, by devouring the Cicada, or harvest-flies, whenever it can capture them. The true crickets (Gryllus or Acheta, P1. X, Fig. 8,) live under stones, &c., and, although vegetable feeders, living on roots and herbage, yet, in many instances, they injure animal substances, such as cloth, leather, &c., when it is in the neighborhood of their haunts. The Mlole crickets (Gryllotalpa, PI. VII, Fig. 13,) burrow under the earth like moles, and usually feed on roots and herbage, and in Europe do considerable injury. The Locustariae (Phaneroptera, P1. VII, Figs. 2, 3; Cyrtophyllus, PI. IV, Fig. 15, katydids,) inhabit shrubs and trees, feeding principally on their foliage, whilst the slender meadow grasshbpper, Orchelimum (P1. IV, 78,) feeds mostly on grass and herbage. The wingless Locustariae (Stenopelmatus, P1. XIII, Fig. 7,) live on the ground and are said to feed on vegetable substances. The Acrydii, or true grasshoppers and locusts, (Caloptenus, PI. VII, Acridium, P1. I, Fig. 15; (Edipoda, Pi. V, Fig. 3; and Locusta, P1. IX, Fig. 9,) live principally amongst the grass and low herbage, and devour all kinds of vegetable substances. Some species assemble in great numbers when migrating, like the locust of scripture, and are extremely injurious to almost all kinds of vegetation. The Mantides (Mantis carolina, P1. II,) are altogether predaceous. They kill and devour all other insects they can over 2 power, and are, therefore, almost the only family amongst the Orthoptera which are at all beneficial to the farmer as destroying other injurious insects. The Phasmidae, spectres, or walking sticks, (Diapheromera, P1. X, Fig. 1,) resemble twigs, in form and color, and feed on the foliage of various shrubs and trees, whilst the Blattariae, or cockroaches, (Stylopyga, P1. VII, Fig. 12; Ectobia, P1. I, Figs. 4, 5,) are almost omnivorous; feeding indiscriminately on both vegetable and animal substances, and are extremely destructive in houses and on shipboard. The Forficulariae, or earwigs, (Forficula, P1. X, Fig. 2,) are not numerous enough in this country to do much injury, but in Europe are said to injure flowers and ripe fruit, and occasionally to feed on small insects. The Thripidae certainly do much injury to the tender foliage of the grape vine, &c., and are very destructive to greenhouse plants. Thrips cerealeum, (P1. XII, Figs. 9, 10,) injures the wheat crop in Europe by sucking the sap of the grain or seed and cause it to shrivel up and wither. MR. WALSH, however, considered the true Thrips in the light of a beneficial insect, stating that it destroyed the lavvae of the destructive wheat midge Cecidomyia (Diplosis) tritici.and other injurious insects. Some of the wingless orthoptera (Podura, the springtail, Pi. VI, Fig. 17,) are stated, by MR. CURTIS, to feed upon the pulp of leaves, at the same time poisoning the sap and thus injuring the plants. The Mallophaga (or bird lice, P1. XII, Fig. 1,) Nirmus argulus and dog louse, Trichodectes latus, P1. VI, Fig. 8.) feed upon the feathers and hairs of the birds or animals they infest, and do not injure them by sucking the blood. By thus studying the food of the various Orthopterous insects, we find that all of them are more or less injurious to the farmer, with the sole exception of the Mantis, or rear-horse, as it is commonly called in Maryland and Virginia, which lives altogether on animal food, and is, therefore, beneficial as destroying.injurious insects. The family of Orthoptera is stated, by DR. PACKARD, to contain "about 5,000 species" and constitutes a very important article of food for certain animals, birds and fishes. Some of the grasshoppers are even eaten by our western Indians, when partially roasted and coarsely pulverized between two stones. A specimen of food used by the Indians now in the Museum of the Department of Agriculture,, in Washington, sent from Camp Harney, Oregon, by Asst. Surgeon MOFFATT, U. S. A., which contains a great number of the heads and femora of some great wingless grasshopper or cricket, (apparently Anabrus simplex, P1. IX, Fig. 1,) which is so abundant in some parts of the west. Several of the Orthoptera are also subject to be destroyed by both external and internal parasites. A coleopterous insect, Rlhipiphorus, (Symbius) blattarum, probably the same as Rhipidius, mentioned'by PACKARD, is parasitic in the bodies of certain cockroaches. Several species of Ichneumon-flies, Evania loevigata, Oliv, and a species of Pteromalus are said to destroy the eggs of cockroaches. A large species of Asilus, or robber-fly, according to the REV. C.'THOMAS, also destroys numbers of grasshoppers by sucking out their juices. A species of Tachina, a two-winged flyovery similar 3 to our house fly, but larger, and having a more hairy body, destroys the perfect insect of the Mantis, or rear-horse, as many as nine having come out of the body of one ~Mantis carolina, (P1. II, Figs. 1, 2, 3.) An Ichneumonfly destroys the eggs of katydids. Crickets, grasshoppers and katydids are infested with the Filaria, Gregarina and Gordins, hair-snakes, or worms, which live in their bodies. A small scarlet-red mite. Astoma locustarum (WALSH) or Ocypete of HARRIS is frequently found clustered on the body or under the wings of grasshoppers, and it is said that when numerous, they eventually kill the insect they infest. In late summer and autumn great numbers of dead and dried-up grasshoppers are frequently observed in Maryland and Virginia, clinging. fast to the tops of the highest stalks of grass or weeds. These probably have been destroyed by some animal or vegetable parasite, at present unknown. Many of the so-called dirt-daubers, mud and sand wasps, provision their nests with young grasshoppers to serve as food for their larva, and there is no doubt that when more attention is given to the habits of our Orthoptera, many other parasites especially among the Ichneumon-flies, Chaleididea, &c., will be discovered and made known to the public. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL SUBSTANCES INJURED BY O R T H P R ERA. The number of the plate on which the insect is figured will be distinguished by being in Roman numerals, whilst the number of the figure will be placed in italics, thus: TV, 6; plate 4, figure 6. When the mark, t, is placed before the name of an insect, it signifies that it is injurious; tt, very injurious; 11, beneficial; til, more injurious than beneficial; and Jlt, more beneficial than injurious. Aphides, tll Ecanthus niveus, IV, 1, 2, said to Fungi. Smynthurus,VI, 7, inhabits destroy plant lice, and also injures grape- Gnaphalium. Anisomorpha buprestoides, I, 8, vines, &c. probably feeds on Beneficial. See Predaceous. Grain. tt Caloptenus femur-rubrum (and grassBirds. Nirmus argulus, XII, 1. Louse. Para- hoppers-in general,) VIII, 2, destroys plants. sitic upon Grain. ttThrips cerealeum (Europe.) XII, 9, Blackberry. t (canthus niveus, IV, 2, 2, de- 10, sucks out milky juice, and destroys posits eggs in cane, and injures Grape. t(Ecanthus niveus, IV, 1, 2, devours Cherry. t(Ecanthus niveus, IV, 1, 2, deposits foliage, severs branches, and injures shoots eggs in cane, and injures by depositing eggs in them. Books. tEctobia germanica, I, 4, eats, destroys Grape. t Orocharis saltator, III, 11, 12, deposits and covers with filth. eggs on branches, aud injures Books. t Stylopyga orientalis, VII, 2, (and other Grass. tt Caloptenus femur-rubrum, (and all the cockroaches in general,) eats, destroys, and grasshoppers in general,) VIII, 2, eat and covers with filth. destroy Caves. Hadenoecus subterraneus, V I I I,'6, Grass. t (Edipoda, sulphurea, &c., &c., V. 6, eat found in and destroy Clothing. t Ectobia germanica, I, 4, eats and Grass. t Acridium americanum, &c., I! 15, (and destroys many of the other orthoptera.) Clothing. t Stylopyga ori6ntalis, VII, 2, eats Greenhouse plants. tt Thrips. (?) VI, 9, injure and destroys Herbage. See insects destroying grass. Corn. See Maize. Hog. Haematopinus suis, XII, 7, louse parasitic Currant. t(Ecanthus niveus, IV, 1, 2, deposits on eggs on twigs, and injures Horse.. Trichodectes equi, XII, 4, louse paraDeer fallow. Trichodectes longicornis, XII, 3. sitic on Louse. parasite on Insects in general. See predaceous. Diplosis tritici. See wheat midge. Leather. t Ectobia germanica, (and other cockDogs., Trichodectes latus, VI, 2. Louse, para- roaches,) I, 4, eat holes in site on Lemon. t Phylloptera oblongifolia, IV, 4, (and Dogs. Haematopinus piliferus, XII, 6. para- other insects found on orange,) injure foliage. sitic on Maize. tt Caloptenus femur-rubrum, VIII, 2, Fruits. tGryllus neglectus, (and crickets in gen- (and many of the other grasshoppers,) injure eral,) X, $, injure young plants and blades. See grass. Fruits. tCaloptenus femur-rubrum, (and grass- Melons. t Gryllus neglectus, X, $, (and other hoppers in general,) VIII, 2, injure crickets,) inJure 6 Oak. Acridium rubiginosum, V, 5, found on Raspberry. t(Ecanthus niveus, IV, 1, 2, inOak. Phlcethrips autumnalis. XII, 1I. found on jures twigs by depositing eggs in them. Onion. tt Limothrips tritici (for Thrips see VI. Roots in general, tGryllus neglectus, X, 8, (and 9,) injures crickets in general,) feed upon and injure Orange. tPhylloptera oblongifolia, IV, 4, in- Roots in general. tGryllotalpa longipennis, I, jures foliage. 12, (and mole crickets in general,) feed upon Orange. tRomalea microptera, III, 4, injures and injure foliage. Silk. t Lepisma saccharina, VI, 6, said to eat Orange. t Acridium obscurum, V, 2, injures fol- holes in iage. Shrubs. tCvrtophyllus concavus, IV, 15, (and Palmetto. Anisomorpha buprestoides, I, 8, found katydids in general,) feed on on Shrubs. Diapheromera femorata, X, 1, feeds Paper. See books. on foliage. Peacock. Philopterus falcicornis, VI, 1, louse Squash. t Gryllus neglectus, X, 2, (and other parisitic on crickets,) feeds upon, and injures Peach. t(Ecanthus niveus, IV, 1, 2, injures Pumpkin, &c. t Caloptenus femur-rubrum, VIII, twigs by depositing eggs in them. 2, (and other grasshoppers,) injures foliage. Plum. t CEcanthus niveus, IV, 1, 2, injures Sugar-cane. Gryllotalpa didactyla in West twigs by depositing eggs in them. Indies, injures Potato. tGryllus neglectus, X, 8, (and other Swan. Dacophorus cygni, louse parasitic on crickets,) feeds on, and injures Trees. See shrubs. Potato. tCaloptenus femur rubrum, VIII, 2, Vegetables. tGryllus neglectus, (X, 2, (and (and other grasshoppers,) sometimes injure other crickets,) injures roots and leaves. foliage. Vegetables. tGryllotalpa longipennis, I, 12 Potato. tGryllotalpa longipennis, I, 12, (and (and other mole crickets,) injures roots and mole crickets- in general,) injure roots, &c. leaves. Poultry. Menapon pallidum, XII, 2, louse, par- Vegetables. ft Caloptenus femu-rrubrum, VIII, asitic on. 2, (and other grasshoppers,) destroys Predaceous. 11 Mantis carolina, II,. 1, 2, feed en- Vegetable substances. Podura, VI, 7, feeds upon tirely on other insects. Victuals. tt Ectobia germanica, I, 4, (and all Predaceous. tl[ Forficula, VI, 19, said to eat cockroaches,) injures and render filthy. aphides, &c., but also destructive to flowers, Wheat. ttThrips cerealum, IX, 10, injures grain. fruits, &c., in Europe. Wheat midge. tl' Thrips, V, 9, said by WALSH Predaceous. tilThrips, VI, 9, said to destroy to destroy larvae of wheat midge so deslarvae of wheat midge, &c. tructive to grain. Predaceous. tfl Anabrus simplex, IX, 1, de- Woollen cloth. tGryllus domestica. VI, 14, vours harvest-fly or cicada. eats holes in ALPHABETICAL LIST OF GENERA FIGURED. NOTE.-The number of the plate on which the insect is figured will be distinguished by being in Roman numerals, whilst the number of the figure will be in italics, thus: IV, 6; plate 4, figure 6. Acheta. See Gryllus, Nemobius. Decticus. See also Thamnotrizon. Acridium alutaceum, VIII, 13; X, 13. Decticus pallidipalpis, IX, 3. Acridium americanum, I, 15. Diapheromera femorata, I, 7; X, 1. Acridium frontalis, XI, 1. Docophorus cygni, XII, 5. Acridium obscurum, V,12. Ectobia germanica, I, 4. Acridium rubiginosum, V, 5. Ephippigera tschivavensis, XI, 15. Acridium semirubrum, XIII, 14. Ephippigera. See also Ceuthophilus. Acridium. See also. Caloptenus, (Edipoda, Ephippitytha gracilipes, XI, 11. Opomala, Tettix, Tragocephala. Forficesila gigantea, X, 2. Acrolophitus hirtipes, IX, 7. Forficula. See also Labia. Anabrus. See also Pterolepis. Forficula. (?) VI, 19. Anabrus haldemannii, VlI, 17. Gomphocerus. See Tragocephala. Anabrus simplex, IX, 1. Gryllotalpa borealis, VII, 13. Anisomorpha buprestoides, I, 8. Gryllotalpa longipennis, I, 12. Bacteria.. See Diapheromera. Gryllus abbreviatus, VII, 17. Bacunculus. See Diapheromera. Gryllus domesticus, VI, 14. Batrachidea (pupa) XIII, 5. Gryllus (?) formosus, IX, 5. Batrachidea crestata, V, 3. Gryllus luctuosus, IX, 10. Blatta. See Ectobia Periplaneta. Gryllus neglectus, X, 8. Platamodes. Stylopyga. Gryllus pennsylvanicus, I, 13, 14. Boopidon fiavofasceatum, VIII, 10. Gryllus. See also Acridium, Acrolophitus, CalBoopidon nubilum, XIII, 10. opetnus, CEcanthus; CEdipoda, PyrgomorBrachypeplus magnus, VII, 11. -)ha, Romalea. Brachypeplus virescens, IX, 3. Hadenecus subterraneus, VIII, 6. Caloptenus bivittatus, I, 16; V, 16. Haematopinus piliferus, XII, 6. Caloptenus differentialis, VIII, 2; IX, 4; XI, 6. Haematopinus suis, XII, 4. Caloptenus dodgei, XII, 4, 5, 9. Labia, minor, X, 3. Caloptenus femur-rubrum, V, 11; VIII, 2. Labia minuta, I, 10. Caloptenus griseus, XII, 14. Lepisma saccharina, VI, 6. Caloptenus occidentalis, XI, s. Locusta fuliginosa, IX, 9. Caloptenus spretus, VIII, 1; XIII, 15 Locusta occidentalis, XI, 16. Caloptenus turnbullii, XI, 10. Locusta. See also Conocephalus, Gryllus, Caloptenus viridis, XI, 3. CEdipoda, Phaneroptera, Phylloptera, SteCamptonotus scudderi, VIII, 15. nobothrus, Xiphidium. Ceuthophilus lapidicolus, VII, 4, 5. Machilis variabilis, VI, 2, 3. Ceuthophilus maculatus, III, 5. Mantis (?) XII, 16, Ceuthophilus Uhlerii, VIII, 3. Mantis (?) XIII, 13. Chlcealtis conspersa, VI, 11;. X, 12. Mantis carolina, II, 1, 2, 3, &c. Chlcealtis viridis, X, 5. Mantis missouriensis, XIII, 11. Chlcealtis. See also Stenobothrus. Menopon pallidum, XII, 2. Conocephalus ensiger, IV, 12. Mesops Wyomingensis, IV, 9; XI, 3. Copiophora mucronata, VII, 3; VIII, 14. Microcentrum retinervis, IV, 3. Copiphora. See Copiophora. Microcentrum egg, IV, 16. Cryptocercus punctulatus, VI, 20. Nemobius exigiuus, VII, 18. Cyrtacanthacris. See Acridium. Nemobius fasciatus, III, 9, 10. Cyrtophyllus concavus, IV, /5. Nemobius vittatus, VI, 13. Daihinia brevipes, VII, 14, 15. Nirmus argulus, XII, 1. Daihinia. See Udeopsylla. CEcanthus bipunctatus, IV, 5, 6. 8 (Ecanthus niveus, IV, 1, 2. Phylloptera oblongifolia, X, 9; IV, 4; XIII, 1. CEdipoda aequalis, XIII, $. " rotundifolia, VI, 12. " atrox, VIII, 3. " See also microcentrum. " carinata, X, 7. Platamodes pennsylvanica, I, 1 and 3. " carolina, V, 3. Platyphyllum. See Cyrtophyllus. carlingiana, XII, 21. Podisma. See Pezotettix. " cincta XII, 13. Pterolepis minutus, XI, 17. " coralipes, III, 2. Pterolepis. See Anabrus also. " discoidea, III, 3, 7. Podura villosa, VI, 7. eucerata III, 2: V, L3.VI 23. Pterophylla. See also Cyrtophyllus, OrcheliH" aldemanii, XIII, 3. mum, Xiphidium. " longipennis, XIII, 4. Pyrgomorpha brevicornis, IV, 14. " maratima, XII, 17. Rhaphidophora. See Ceuthophilus, Hadensecus. " marmorata, VII, 9. Romalea microptera, III, 4. " montana, XII, 12. Smynthurus, VI, 7. pellucida, XII, 20. Spectrum. See Diapheromera, Anisomorpha. " phcenicoptera, V, 4. Stauronotus, Elliotti,,VIII, l1. " rugosa, XII, 8, Stenobothrus admirabilis, IV, 13; V, 14. " sordida, X, 11. ". aequalis, VI, 21. sulphurea, V, 6. " curtipennis, VI. 15; VII, 10; X, 4; tenebrosa, IX, 2. XII, 12. " trifasciata, IX, 6. " maculipennis, X, 14; VI, 27. verruculata, X, 6. " longipennis, V, 15. " undulata, XII, 15. Stenopelmatus talpa, I, 10. " See also Tragocephala. " fasciatus, XIII, 7. -.Opomala bivittata, VI, 24 and 26; XI, 7. Stylopyga orientalis, I, 5, 6; VII, 12. Opsomala. See Opomala, Mesops and Pyrgo- Tettigidea polymorpha, VII, 1. morpha. Tettix lateralis, VIII, 7. Orchelimum vulgare, IV, 7, 2; VII, 6. " ornata, V, 1 and 2; XII, 19. Orchelimum. See also Xiphidium. " Tetrix, Tettigidea, Batrachidea. Orocharis saltator, III, 11, 12. Thamnotrizon, dorsale, I, 11. Oxycoryphus obscurus, XIII, 13. " scabralis, XIII, 6. Pediculus. See Phyloptorus. " trilineatus, VIII, 5. Periplaneta americana, I, 2. Thrips (?) VI, 5, 9; XII, 11. Pezotettix borealis, VI, 16. " cerealum, XII, 9, 10. " nebrascensis, XIII, 2. Tomonotus. See CEdipoda tenebrosa. " obesa, XI, 13, 14. Tragocephala infuscata, X, 8. " picta, VIII. 4. " viridifasciata, V, 9. " unicolor, XIII, 9. Trichodectes equi, XII, 4. Phalangopsis. See Ceuthophilus, Udeopsylla. " latus VI, 8. Phaneroptera coloradensis, XI, 12. " longicornis, XII, 3.'~' curvicauda, VII, 2, 3, and V, 10. Tridactylus terminalis, III, 6. Philopterus falcicornis, VI, 1. Udeopsylla robusta, VIII, 9. Phlcethrips coreacea, VI, 4. Xiphidium brevipennis, IV, 11. Phrynotettix verruculata, VI, 25. " fasciatum, IV, 10. Phylloptera (?) egg, IV, 16. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF SPECIES FIGURED. abbreviatus Gryllus, VII, 17. coriacea Phlceothrips, VI, 4. abbreviata Acheta. See Gryllus. cristata Batrachidea, V, 2. abortiva Chlcealtis. See C. conspersa. " l'etrix. See Batrachidea. acuminata Locusta. See Conocephajus, ensiger. curtipennis Stenobothrus, VI, 15; VII, 10, aequalis CEdipoda, XIII, 2. X 14; XII, 12.,Locusta. See CEdipoda. curtipennis Chlcealtis. See Stenobothrus. Gryllus. See- " " Locusta. See Stenobothrus. Stenobothrus, VI, 21. curvicauda Phaneroptera, VII, 2, 3; V, 10. agilis Pterophylla. See Orchelimum vulgare. Locusta. See Phaneroptera. alutaceum Acridium, VIII, 13; X, 13. cygni Docophorus, XII, 5. americanum Acridium, I, 15. damnificum Acridium. See A. rubiginosum. Cyrtacanthacris. See Acridium. differentialis Caloptenus, VIII, 12; IX, 4; Gryllus. See Acridium. XI, 6. americana Periplaneta, I, 2. discoidea CEdipoda, III, 7. " Blatta. See Periplaneta. dodgei Caloptenus, XI, 4, 5, 9. americanus. Gryllotalpa. See G. borealis. domesticus Gryllus, VI, 14. augustifolia Phaneroptera. See P. curvicauda. domestica Acheta. See Gryllus. arenosa Tetrix. See T. Ornata. dorsale Thamnotrizon, I, 11. argulus Nirmus, XII, 1. dorsalis Tetrix. See Tettix ornata. atrox CEdipoda, VIII, 3. elliotti Stauronotus, VIII, 11. bipunctatus CEcanthus, IV, 5, 6. ensiger Conocephalus, IV, 12. I" Gryllus. See (Ecanthus. equi Trichodectes, XII, 4. bilineata Tetrix. See T. ornata. eucerata CEdipoda, III:.2; V, 13; VI, 23. bivittatus Caloptenus, I, 16; V, 16. " Locusta. See (Edipoda. " Gryllus. See Caloptenus. exiguus Nemobius, VII, 18. bivittata Opomala, VI, 24-26; XI, 7. " Acheta. See Nemobius. Acridium. See Opomala. falcicornis Philopterus, VI, 1. " Opsomala. See Opomala. fasciatum Xiphidium, IV, 11..bivittatum Spectrum. See Anisomorpha bu- fasciatus Nemobius, III, 9, 10, prestoides. " Gryllus. See Nemobius. borealis Gryllotalpa, VII, 13, " CEcanthus. See CE. niveus. " Pezotettix, VI, 16. " Stenopelmatus, XIII, 7. brevicornis Pyrgomorpha, IV, 14, femorata Diapheromera, I, 7; X, 1. 4" Opomala. See Pyrgomorpha. femoratus Bacunculus. See Diapheromera. " Truxalis. See Pyrgomorpha. femoratum Spectrum. See Diapheromera. brevipennis Gryllotalpa. See G. borealis. femoratus Caloptenus. See C. bivittatus.'~' Xiphidium, IV, 11. femur-rubrum Caloptenus, V, Z1; VIII, ". brevipes Daihinia, VII, 14, 15. " Acridium. See Caloptenus. buprestoides Anisomorpha, I, 8. flavicorne Acridium. See A. semi-rubrum. " Phasma. See Anisomorpha. flavofasciatum Boopidon, VIII, 10. carinata (Edipoda, X, 7. formosus Gryllus (?) IX, 5. carlingiana " XII, 21. frontalis Acridium, XI, 1. carolina V, 3. " Pezotettix, XIII, 2. " Locusta. See CEdlpoda. fuliginosa Locusta, IX, 9. caroliniana Locusta. " " germanica Ectobia, I, 4. carolina, Mantis II, 1, 2, 3, &c. " Blatta. See Ectobia. centurio Gryllts. See Romalea microptera. gigantea Forficesila, X, 2. cerealeum Thrip, XII, 9, 10. gracile Orchelimum. See Xiphidium, fasciatum. cincta (Edipoda, XII, 13. gracilipes Ephippitytha, XI, 11. coloradensis Phaneroptera, XI, 12. griseus Caloptenus, XII, 14. concavus Cyrtophyllus, IV, 15. haldemannii Pterolepis. See Anabrus. concavum Platyphyllum. See Cyrtophyllus. haldemannii Anabrus, VII, 16. concava Pterophylla. See Cyrtophyllus. " CEdipoda, XIII, 3. conspersa Chlcealtis, VI, 11; X, 12. See also (E. corrallipes. corallina Locusta. See (Edipoda, phoenicoptera. hirtipes Acrolophitus, IX, 7. corallipes Edipoda, III, 8. See also E Halde- " Gryllus. See Acrolophitus. mannii. hospes Acheta. See Nemobius fasciatus. 10 infuscata Tragocephala, X, 3. polymorpha Tettigidea, VII, 1. " Gomphocerus. See Tragocephala. " Tetrix. See Tettigidea. lapidicolus Ceuthophilus, VII, 4, 5. pruinosa (Edipoda. See CEdipoda trifasciata. lapidicola Phalangopsis. See Ceuthophilus. pulchellus Phyllopalpus, VI, 22. " Raphidiphora. See Ceuthophilus. punctulatus &canthus. See CEcanthus, bilateralis Tettix, V, 7. punctatus. " Tetrix.See Tettix. punctulatus Cryptocercus, VI, 20.' Acridium. See Tettix. quadrimaculata Tetrix. See T. Ornata. latipennis Locusta. See (Edipoda verruculata. retinervis Microcentrum, IV, 3. latus Trichowdectes, VI, 3. " Phylloptera. See Microcentrum. longicornis Trichodectes, XII, 3. robusta Udeopsylla, VIII, 9. longipennis Gryllotalpa, I, 12. " Daihinia. See Udeopsylla. t" Stenobothrus, V, 15. " Phalangopsis. See Udeopsylla. luctuosus Gryllus, IX, 10. rotnudifolia Phylloptera, VI, 12. " Acheta. See Gryllus. rugosa CEdipoda, XII, S. maculatus Ceuthophilus, b I, 5. rubiginosum Acridium, V, 5. maculata Ephippigera. See Ceuthophilus. rusticum (Burm. only) Acridium. See A. Ala" Plhalangopsis. See Ceuthophilus. taceum. " Rhaphidiphora. See Ceuthophilus. radiata Tragocephala. See T. viridifasciata. maculipennis Stenobothrus, VI, 27; X, 14. saccharina Lepisma, VI, 6. magnus, Brachypeplus, VII, 1 t. saltator Orocharis, III, 11, 12. maritima CEdipoda, XII, 17. sayii Bacteria. See Diapheromera femorata. Locusta. See (Edipoda. scabricollis Thamnotrizon, XIII, 6. marmorata (Edipoda. VII, 9, scudderi Camptonotus, VIII, 15. " Locusta See CEdipoda. semi-rubrum Acridium, XIlI, 14. microptera Romalea., III, 4. servilis Acheta. See Nemobius vittatus. minor Labia, X, 3. simplex Anabrus, IX, 1. " Forficula. See Labia. sordida CEdipoda, X, 11. minuta Labia, I, 10. " Tettix. See T. ornata. minutus Pterolepis, XI, 17. spretus Caloptenus, VIII, 1; XIII, 15. minutus Anabrus. See also Pterolepis. subterraneus Hadenmcus, VIII, 6. missouriensis Mantis, XIII, 11. it Rhaphidiphora. See Haden,.cus. montana (Edipoda, XII, 12. sulphurea (Edipoda, V, 6. mucronata Copiophora, VII, 3; VIII, 14. " Locusta. See Egdipoda. " Copiphora. See Copiophora. " Gryllus. See CEdipoda. nebulosa Locusta. See (Edipoda sordida. suis Haematopinus, XII, 4. nebrascencis Pezotettix, Xll, 2. talpa Stenopelmatus, I, 10. neglectus Gryllus, X, $. tenebrosa CEdipoda, IX, 2. nietanus Tomonotus. See (Edipoda tenebrosa. terminalis Tridactylus; III, 6. nigrum Boopidon. See B. nubilum. torvum Acridium. See C. Alutaceul'm. niveus (Ecanthus, IV, 1, 2. trifasciata (Edipoda, IX, 6. " Gryllus. See CEcanthus. " Gryllus. See (Edipoda. nubilum Boopidon, XIII, 10. trilineatus Thamnotrizon, VIII, 5. nubilus Uryllus. See Boopidon. " Decticus. See Thamnotrizon. obesa Pezottettix, XI, 13, 14. tschivavensis Ephippigera, XI, 15. oblongifolia Phylloptera, IV, 4; X, 9; and tuberculatum Acridium. See A. discoidea. XII I, 1. turnbullii Caloptenus, XI, 70. oblongifolia Locusta. See Phylloptera. uhleri Ceuthophilus, VIII, 8. obscurum Acridium, V,/z. undulata CEdipoda, XII, 15. obscurus Gryllus. See Acridium. unicolor Pezottetix, XIII, 4. obscurus Oxycoryphus, XIII, 13. variabilis Machilis, VI, 2, 3. occidentalis Locusta, XI, 16. verruculata (Edipoda, X, 6. orientalis Stylopyga, I, 5, 6; VII, 12. " Locusta. See (adipoda. " Blatta. See Stylopyga. " Phrynotettix, VI, 35. ornata Tettix, V, 1, 2; XII, 19. villosa Podura, VI, 7. orratum Acridium. See Tettix. virescens Brachypeplus, IX, 3.' Tetrix. See Tettix. virginianum Acridium. See Tragocephala viripallidum Menapon, XII, 2. difasciata. pallidipalpis Decticus, IX, 3. virginiana CEdipoda. See viridifasciata. parvipennis Tettix. See Tettigidea, Polymorpha. viridis Caloptenus, XI, 3. pavonius Pediculus. See Phylopterus falcicornis. viridis Chloealtis, X, 5. pellucida (Edipoda, XII, 20. " Stenobothrus. See Chloealtis. pennsylvanica Platamodes, I, 1, 3. viridifasciata Tragocephala, V, 9. "i Blatta. See Platamodes. vittatus Nemobius, III, 9, 10. pennsylvanicus. See Gryllus. vulgare Orchelimum, IV, 7, S; VII. 6. phcenicoptera (Edipoda, V, 4. wyomingensis Mesops, IV, 9; XI, 3. picta Pezotettix, VIII, 4. " Opomala. See Mesops. piliferus, IHaernatopinus, XII, 6. LIST OF DESIDERATA TO FINISH THE WORK. Iapithus agitator, Uhler, (Md.) Tettix rugosa, Scudd., (Mass.) Gryllus augustus, Scudd., (Mass.) Baatrachidea carinata, Scudd, (Cal.) Xya apicalis, Uhler, (South Western States.) Thespis, (Mantis,) parva, Drury, pl. IT, 39, Tridactylus minutus, Scudd., (Ill.) (Amer.) Cyphoderris monstrosa, Uhler, (Oregon.) Phibalosoma ploiaria, Western, (Western State.) Platyphyllum perspioillatum, Serv. and Uhlier Temnopteryx aeropeltiformis, Burm., (U. S.) in Harris (U. S.) " virginiana, Burm., (Va.) Thyreonotus dorsalis, Scudd., (Mass. and Md.) Ischnoptera Uhleriana, Sauss., (U. S. Pa.,) or any Orchesticus americanus, Sauss., (Tenn.) in U. S. Gryllacris carolinensis, Gerst, (Car.) Platamodes unicolor, Scudd., (Mass.) Tropidischia xanthostoma, Scudd., (Cal.) Ectobia lithophila, Scudd. (Mass.) Podisma (Acridium,) borkii Stil, (Cal.) Paratrapes histrio, Saus., (U. S.) Acridium flavofasciatum, Thomas, (Col.) Pycnoscelis obscurus, Scudd., (Mass.) Arcyptera lineata, Scudd. (Mass.) Brachylabris maratima, Dohrn, (Southern State.) platyptera, Scudd., (New Eng.) Psalidophora brunneipennis, Serv., (Pa. and Va.) " gracilis, (Red River, Brit. Am.) bipunctata Dohrn, (Mass.) Tragocephala radiata, Erichs, (Mass.) (prob. syn. Forficula pulchella (Serv.) (Magura.) infuscata.?.) Thrips (Limothrips) tritici, from Pack. Tettix cucullata, Burm. (Mass.) Thrips (Heliothrips) haemorrhoidalis, Burm. " granulata, Scudd., " See Pack. -" triangularis, ".. Authenticated specimens of any of the above-rfientioned Orthoptera will be most thankfully received, and, after being figured, will be returned if required. Also, any other new' species not mentioned in the list of insects figured, if sent to the Author, will be figured and credited to the donor or sender and placed in an'extra plate of addenda, whenever a sufficient number of specimens are received to fill a plate. ERRATA: Page V, and Plates III and IV; for ",E" in AEcanthus and 2Edipoda, read (E. Plate IV, 10; for " Xyphidium," read Xiphidiurn. Plate VII, 1; for "parvepennis," read parvipennis. Page 2, line 16; for "lavvae," read larvae. Page 2, line 33; insert commas after "food"-and "Indians." Page 2, line 35; dele "which" after U. S. A. Page 3. last line; for " Chalcididea,." read Chalcididae. Page 6, after swan; for "DIacophorus," read Docophorus. Page 9; for "augastijfoia," read angustifolia.