-SELECT POPULAR ORATIONS OF DEMOSTHENES, WITH NOTES AND A CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE. BY J. T. CHAMP LIN, PROFESSOR OF GREEK AND LATIN LN WATERVTLLE COLLE(F. SECOND EDITION, REVISED. BOSTON AND CAMBRIDGE: JAMES MUNROE AND COMPANY. 185 9. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1855, by J. T. CHAMPLIN, - in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of 2M1fassachusetts P REF ACE. Trirs book is not, in all respects, what it was intended to be when commenced. It was my pur. pose, at the outset, to embrace in the selection specimens of each of the three different kinds of orations found in Demosthenes,- Private, Judicial, and Popular. But as, upon more reflection, it was thought best to make the selections rather with reference to their use as a text-book in the earlier rart of the college course, than to exhibiting specimens of tile different styles of address employed by Demosthenes, this plan was abandoned. While all the orations of Demosthenes are pervaded by a spirit of life and power which awaken attention, -while they all have "a frenzy in the words which none can fail to understand, if not the words themselves," - only the popular orations, by their simplicity, brevity, and uinelaborate style, are entirely fitted for the use of students in the earlier part of their academic course. As these were delivered in the popular assembly, where all classes of (3) iv PREFACE. the inhabitants of Athens were expected to attend, they were necessarily thrown into the simplest form of which the subject admitted, in order that they might be understood and felt. Besides, being upon questions of great public interest, they are animated by stirring appeals and earnest, expostulations, by pointed allusions and keen invective, by sportive raillery and scorching sarcasm, by home thrusts and pertinent illustrations which kindle the mind -of the reader and make his task easier. Of the seventeen popular orations which stand accredited to Demosthenes, a few of them under some suspicion as to their genuineness, I have selected such as seemed to present a fair specimen of his manner in such addresses, and, at the same tine, are upon subjects of as much general interest as -any. That so many of them relate to Philip is only because nearly all of the popular orations have to do with him, since he was the great enemy of Athens during the larger part of the public life of.Demosthenes. This able and insidious monarch, coming to the throne of Macedonia at a period when it was distracted by divisions within, and pressed on the north and west by savage hordes, while it was begirt on the coast by a line of Grecian cities, mostly in alliance with Athens, as soon as he had quieted internal divisions and repelled the savage tribes, commenced opening for himself a freer access to PREFACE. v the coast, by subduing and adding to his kingdom one Grecian city after another, and' finally, having thus destroyed these outposts of Grecian power, descended upon Greece itself. Demosthenes early perceived his designs, and set himself to resist him' at every step. He harangued the people against him on all suitable occasions, went on embassies to stir up the other States, and both in public and in private did every thing in his power to open the eyes of the Greeks to his hostile character and dangerous designs. But it was all to little purpose. The pleasure-seeking Athenians of his time, trained under the demagogues to theatrical exhibitions and other exciting indulgences, shrunk from leaving their beloved Athens to take the field, and hence listened to the soothing assurances of peace and safety given by the venal orators, rather than to the warning voice of Demosthenes. Of the merits of the book others must judge. I can only say, that I have employed in its preparation as much care and as diligent a use of all the helps at my command, as I could well exercise. Schiffer, ViWmel, Franke, and Sauppe have been continually before me and constantly consulted. To indicate, in some small degree, my indebtedness to these commentators, as well as to contribute something towards formin.g in pupils the very useful habit of using Latin notes with facility, I have transferred to my pages many of their notes in Latin, Vi PREFACE. when I entirely coincided with them, and when they seemed sufficiently simple to' be readily understood, As the book is designed for the earlier part of the college course, I have bestowed considerable attention upon mere questions of language, and have made copious references to grammatical principles. As the historical events of the times referred to are very complicated, and the historical allusions in these, as well as in the other orations, very numerous, I have added a Table of the Life and Times of Demosthenes, which will be found useful in reading any of his orations. This is based upon the Chronological Table of Franke, appended to his edition of the Philippics,' but has been entirely remodelled, and revised by the light of Clinton and Thirlwall, and extended over the whole period of the life of the orator. In fixing upon the date of the birth of Demosthenes, I have felt compelled to follow Clinton, against many weighty authorities which place it three years earlier. For the mere preparation of a drill-bool, many other authors might have been selected with equal advantage; but for adaptation in matter and tone to the spirit of the age and the genius of our institutions, I know of nothing in Greek, nor indeed in any language, which can take precedence of the popular orations of Demosthenes. An age so thoroughly agitated as the present by the great contest between popular and aristocratic institutions, and a PREFACE. vii people like ours, who have embraced democracy as their birthright, cannot fail to feel a sympathy with the great defender of democratical institutions in ancient times, when threatened with extinction from the overwhelming pressure of oligarchical and monarchical power. In a country where every thing is arranged upon the popular principle, - where mind is moved by motive rather than by force or authority, and where, consequently, powoer of thought and expression constitute the grand instrumnent of usefulness as well as of success, the breathing thoughts and burning words of the greatest of orators will not be lost. Why should a single oration of such an author, who has left more than fifty, be thought sufficient for the educated youth of a free country? Why should not a more extensive reading of his works be encouraged among the young, that they may both acquire something of the power, and catch something of the spirit, of the patriot orator? WATERVILLE COLLEGE, September, 1848. Tins edition has been carefully revised, and will be found, it is hoped, not unworthy of the continued patronage of the public. Id JH MO E NOTz OATNOIAKOX A. 2'AzV 7roX'otv av, ai'vSpe9'Aryqvatot, Xprltarov.v5tha EXve' OaL vot' opO,;b avEpov T'ro r,e'XX0oV CoVVOtJEltV T' 7rOXe 7 TEpb r COv vvP oLoCO7TELTE. "OTE TOvtw ToO OVT ovoE'vov'O ~,KE ov Cp E eovovt CtKOVEl) TWV 0SOVXO/LCrV W V 1J/,OVXEVEWV OV 7ap,lOVOv,! 6 " Tr %,Xrn ov ercl/LeVO iCE6 TtS9, TrovT a a'ovcaVTe,,1'~~L(O~, L O PW i)3 a/OV CtU70tvcv a~ro~cL~V7L~l 7C~~0Y ~,~ ~Lr~P UT~alcouo't3PLe~,7roX\a Twv 8zourTov Ecf TOV vrapaXplita ewOvg av E7reXOElv El7TElZ, (oJT Ef a7raVT) paOtaV Tr.' TOV *'V'OEpopVTo VLuV aipeorlv 7eyveovOat.'O.EV ovv irapoov Katpol, o avoSpcs AOhvatot,,ttovov OVXt XE,-jet i)V0V adlS, bOTt TOW T V"Gl 06 a, % O cv w'pa7/.,reov vp,1vt eCELtvwv aVrotV av'TtX?7TTEOoV EJTtV, ebf7rTEp VTEp rO)T'7pit? avvoov TJ) qpO7)Tt(&TE rj/1tS 0 V o ovvrct tOt 0OKfOUyLV eP 9 9,, t! * e! 16 To lpV o0v c7rLTLLaV, to0&9 7,cat tqS av, pa8tov KaL 7raPvos elCvaL, 70o v7'rep ct)v Trapov7w oV TL oe 7rpaTT7ly acroaiWvecrOat, o7vT' cLaL 0v/4ovXov.'E*yF 8 owef adyvow eLf', t acvWpS A tO7vatoL, CoiO, 071t TOXXLLCL9 14 vpte? ov 7rovS atrTov, a \XXa 70V? vru TaTov 7Trept Trv'7rpaw.caTo)v ct7rovra9 Ev Op7Y 7rOl6LtO av 7 /t7 KcaT-a IVp(jul7V clc/;S U o1v oEK/ra3 yo 60?) [U/)Jv 7/ W 771) a' - Xetav c-KolrouSv1) ro r7'-TEtXa-Oat. 7rept CwV vtLV aov/1be17 pElV rIyOv/1a t.!Pqb 8q' &'x Fo0Or7qov Elvcat T70tL 7Tpa7/aaOLv V[CLWV, 7U O 7T 6 Ta9 7Xc; r0o'OXv1)O/ 4cft~v fcab TrOvs TOVTO 7r0rio-r0v7Ta9 Lr7TpaTtCOTa9 EK7re/Ui:reLy, tcat rtc'rjlV EKElVOcvV xwpaV Icalc: 7rrOLEw KcaI'rptLpeo-L Kat aTpaTcrtau L ETEpoLs e 06 OaTIepov TroVTro oXtyoprjote7e, oKcvCo LJ71 (LCZTatlo9 v/L tv. TpaTEta YEv7)TaL. 19 ELe yLap, vLoW 7Tiv J1eEKvov KalcE (O9 7TOLOVVT()V, UvrIO/ELvaS fe. \ 7 N I Tap, Pa ebC', 800.TOVo "OXvv1ov' rapa/rriaela a koS f1?rlv ol..fla' cXB;o CFvLvVetaT' e6e/i, 30ori?/OlcavTcov /OVOp v1/ov eL "OXvvOov, aKCLNVVC9 opwv eXovTa ra OlKotL 7irpocKCLOE8&6atlL Iat 7TpOC/E00pV-6t TOLL, 7rpa,/ytfa(tL, 7rEptLEJoTaL 7T0 XOPWP T( W OXLOpKOV/LEPOV. aZ 8)7 7troxxp) Katl 7riv /3ojrOetav JeLuam. 19 Ka' 7,repb /IWEV 7T7n /l3O10elac Tav7a r yLyv(0e0cK 7r-Ep' &e XPlzac7WV 7rOpOV, EorLTt, c) avope6 AOvvaboL, Xpcr/aTacL v/LWv, erTLr ooca ov eVt 7('v aXXov av pw7rw OTpa7TLCOTLKa' 1 Ta7va 8E v/ VTOt, (09e 0 3ovXe0,Oe Xao? (1) O-AYNOIAIOS A. 7 /t3tVPTe. EB /Lev ovU TavTa ToS' o-TpaTEVOCotlEVo L aTro6WoTE7e, GvOfEVOS V,6Z WPPOTfEL V r opov, EL 3E.),'trpooaeL, a, ckXov o3 ca7ravro0 eveEt o 7ropov. T aV TtLi'V'O' 7p t Travr' clvat a -TpaTt6TtKf; Ma [ ) oVC E7ryOye.'Ery ) tEv r ap r)7ovlaCL 0-rpa- 2o T0)ToaS 3OEv IVaTaorKevao-Oiavat, KaL TaVT etvCab t-Tpa-,. \ I v / a /,X 0)LC Coa, cLav vve Lva aTjV 70 xa8 veKv Tao V 7T OLEbvOL Ta Oat7a V ~ 8t60VTCOL 15 7rrTeO aUV 7rpay(iX7mWC ravra Xah/3aLvE7e, ELS' 7aS' EOpr7(S. "ECr-L 8-r XoLsrov, oBitat, 7r17)a7 Eo -f eopElv av L r)0XXi)J AE), 7TovX', av ox) ywv, oXo ya. aES &o' pr-, -,, / /je-j co v X Ka6L )Eavev TOUOVW ovaCv eOTL 7yevEcCaE 7(07) tOE )T~)V. Ae'yo/ v-t 8,C Kalt aXXov' TLvaa aXXoL r7opOUs, (1v \EO06 YTLS' VLU)I CV[rL/EpE6tV 8oKcebL KcatL Ke0 eoTt KaLpos, aPvTLX/ e'TOe T70V 7rpa y/LT/WV. *A4ov 8\ EvOv/uJOiv aL Ka\ Xoyo-lca-Oat a Ta7rpa7/tava, 21 cv (o KaE'Tr)e vVvUIt, T(a CtXt7r7roU. OV7E ycLTp, ( SOKE&t cat q/rafELe 7(9 EL) L1j (KO7Trtv CKpLp39, E VTpEWrc, TT' E, E vK co (o av KXta ) a',r ra\ 7rapovPT Cxot OVT av 7, Ve71e 7TOV 71TOXChLOP 7r-OT76 7TOTOrOPELEv6i)L 7roXE GorOi7 f ir0-eLv aV7OV, aX c0) e7rtLo a7ravTa TOTE?X7Xi-LrE J ^, \ /' t,.' 8 71p6OTO aVTov TapaTo EL rapa v v v o ey- oo ea 3 I, b^ b) c\,!! a)Op67rOLS, CKO[LL trp 8v, Kica2 e-TrL vVV ToUTCO. Kaic 7ayp Haayao-as advral-rev avToiv etcoLv e7(t'iL[ievoLt AHMOOeENOY~ (1) Mab Ma7Vy lav ceKcoXvao-b TetXev. IHKovol' eoao,,, ta ovle.o vc, " eyoyd TV60lP, OS' 06E 7TOvtS X/,LLea S Kcat TaS a7yopaLS e7T 38croo-ev avT kcap7rovocTOab a' ayLp fcotva v 9eTaXov ~ TovTreo) a7oow'ep?7OqY'-e6Tab'rr Xp?7za-lov, ev? oTerov lKO/I-At 7a T7P TPOO'q" TOi? CYOLS aVT 7T7 KaTa97 TamT.) 23'AXXba,qv roJv 7e lIatova KcaZ sov o'IXvp ov cab acxs'? ovTovls a7rav'Tas T7ctr-Oat XPI avTovo/1 ovS 10V )v Kal XevOEplos Sov'xovs JEat a fcat Trap a$rjOe&'oD icaraaKOVWt TtVOS' EIO't, fcab avUpcrOls vppT'rtS'pT),, WS (aC-Tv. Kat [la At ov8ev artL(rTOv L(yJo)9 TO 7y(ap EV 7rpTatreL 1'rapa TIrrV a cav abopp TO KcaK(S fpol7cv TOtS avorlTot~7 7VrETa6,' oo7rEp 7rOXXaCLtS' (fE 0 Toa vX:a~at Ta0yaOc 24 TO) C7T'o-a(-Oab XaXe7rc'Trepov eat'. e TO7VVv v/s., co av.pE'S'A07 mva'o, T?7) atcaatpav'qv ecetvov Icapov v,,ETepo voluto'avTaS CTOltce vvapa avta Ta prpa/ypaa, Kcab rpeo~PEvotEvo v Ov' a'(et icat aTpaTevo/Levovg avTovI Ca -, rapot v 7 ovr TaSg Tovs aXXovS L7ravraS, Xoy4o7bo - vovo, eb''Xo7roS0 Xa3ob K' I O 70/ TOL0OV'TO7 KaLpol) Ka" 7OXxeLOgS 7E7EOLTO r7pOS Tr/ Xeopa, 7T0s aY aVTov T OE00E oETW0160 CO vtta's EXOELv; ET' oVlc aW-X7v)ETOe, b t7q8' ejaoyres ove rOXre7; eXOUTES' OV TOXfIetO-E'TE' 25 1ET6 TOWlVVV, Cco avpWES'AO7vatob, /q18 700T0ov voua XavEave`rT6, OTL V7V) alpoEcS' ECYTPV V IUoV,!rOTE(p 1IaVs EKEb Xpq 7ro&AEEtv q rap vULt eceKLVOpo.'av ev rap Cavmxy 7T TOW " OXvv;o,, aJeS EKet oXEo le K"I yp Ta c0Vo t~ov, wev ecet 7ro.ep',fer Tap6 (1) OAYNOIAKO A. **v EKelVOv cacKlo9 7rOLo0-ce, Triv v7TapXovo-a Kat T 71v oulcetavL,avTV aeoE9 capIrovzlevot. aP 0' EKeViC' T — XM7r7ro9 a/ P7, 7L9 aVTOV ETL KoXVELe 8V3po /?a8tdLv; Onatotl; lh7 XLapv 7rCcpov eoLvu, cG3 ivveia- 26 XOVC'lvf E"TOLLUO)91~.',LA'a' ~POCKEl; O TIt Tip) lv oLKEL X 9otolr TE (WTE f5VXaTTEtv, ECr /1no7 o-J90 UE0 J.'H 060 me op.~ avp66v9 aXXo9 7t9;' (AX' Ce Tav oVt /3ovX97eETaL. Tcv a7ro07TrTa7arCoV LEVTav eL, eL a 7vv avotav soXlccavIov o/Juo 6cXKaXe, aavrTa 8vv970e6 9, vpaet. Ax\ a 27 /lxtKca 7y EoT Ta a" opa evOase q EKEt 7roXe/tEtv, ove Xo7oV 77-pOT)ElV rpyo7e1 at. E, 7ap v vta,9 83erleev avv701 7aLC / K VTZ 97t c t/ 6 E Oat Ia a! \ aVC, lK7 O-cpaTro7rTE8 Xpot!evo vI T)v EcK 797 Xwpai9 I7 XaaOwav6Lv, tU78Evo9 olo ~v'l A roe/.LOV o, OVTO9vEU avrp'7TOXfVaTto) XE7O),rXE'ov av o'aOlt 97Ltoo Vat TOVu t 76Epop7OVVTa9 V/tL)V,\ to t fs e \ t t 77 ocrza cEc av7TavTa TOV 7rpo T701V VWoXe/tv eSaWravyYOe. xn) t'! cfi \ oE / Z / Et &\ 8q\ 7Oe~/09 o t;9 T DE"L6, 7roTa Xp-rI vo/Jtiat p7y!eoo-Eo-Oat; Kat 7rpooE-o- 27 Vfa3p19 Icat E7L 97 T77 7rpa7yttaTrv aLo-Xvv7, oVeE/a9 EXaTTov ~'7lt[a9 TOL9 7e aLo;;poo-. FIavTa 8\W1 &a Tra 8 VL o'v8ao'Ta aa7raVas /SOIOev Kat 2 a7r(509 OWEp KETE 1OV 7roXECLOV, 0ou)9 eLv EV7ropOVu, t) f Q o I I -V V77Ep TveEV 7roXXXtV,V KaX(59 7rotOv.T6 6XOVCo- luKpa avaXtoKoworves Ta XO7Trc /caprorrat at eoSL, TouV E TJXaOKta, bv TiV ) 7\01)OXE/tEV E/tEpav eo Elo) 7/ItX77ro V XwPa K,7CT'qCL/- VOL col3epo' (uVX KEa 7979 0LKE Lc9 CLKEpaLov 767E)rvTaL, 70ovs e XE7T, tv at TOW 7ve7r'TVEo 10 AHMCESOOENOY OAYNOIAKOE A. (1) av7os ev.at p'a$'t a6 @ OaO ay as vo' 7TEptLT 7-C 7rpa7y,/a7ac, vTOLOVTOt (Cp~tat ca TzW WTE7'pa7lepvowv aUTO6? e0EBE. Xpr ~Ct 3' eb7'7ravpTO9 eLpeca. l8 7'Et 7roXXev,ev aev Tr bcv, co av3peS 9Al Ovaco., 1 8OKEL tLOL 7wTV 7rapac ToJv )OeEv EvvoLtav pavEpav 77Yvo Er Tn e", OV% xl7CW'Ta &E CI TroVs 7rapovJoL,rpa\. \, C I, x \ cTac ta.. %xpav oo opov tcat;Uva/ltv qlva KeKTrI/J~evo v% Kat 70 oLEto7rOV araVTWV, TV VwrEp TOV 7roX`/iov yw7J47'V rTOtalVrqV exovTras, o-re TaC' Wp0o' EKEItZOP ( XXaa(\ts 7rpCTroVv eEv a7rot-TrovS, ebTCa Tr)s EavTw'v 7ratplto0S VO/I4/ev avClTac-tl, 8at/ovac t~ ~ catf 0EL 7aTraT wac'Gv ecOLcev Evep7oeta. aet rovvv, co avSpE AOq)vaU0L, TOVT )8) 2 O07r(o7lv avTov0U% o7ra /4t X etpovq rEpt 9)t/La(L aVT'0oV civat 4tLopev 7v(v v7rapXoTv)v, Cto eT Top aLrSxpo)v, /LaXxov catpw Ot p, CI 61 C\, \ / / / I oT)ovvnr-o ~'~~ 7Vxv 7rapac-evaroTevtov T C~o a ot Lcx Kcat To tEV orv, o apvpec' A0,7vato, rrfv tXl7'wov pA7 v 3 E6lEcvat, Kat &a / AOVT T&V xolz(0V'rpO6,7p Ta7 12 AHMOZOENOY (2) 8covTma 7rotBtV vL, ovx, KaXcg eXetv rl7ov/la. Ztat Tr; OfTt [tzot (o/ceO av7 Io"L aWv C'LrO'rEtL v77Ep 7ov76WVe, ei/cetv?!-LV'eYO TLkav fi8' oxt/a 7ref77pcaX.t.'0.C/V, 7ap oo0- qrX etovac vrCep TrTIv'i' /' C n /, 1 / / \ 7rE7roLI7Ke rTv aUTOVU, TOOouVTr Uav/jaCrToTepo; 7-apC WaUJ Vo/JTETCLL; 1E ooC- Xaepov' 7 rpoP007qcE K0EXP?70e 7To0 7TpaY/CLacLrt, oo000VT 7rXLtov aa atosXVVrv wcXKcaTre. 4 Tav'ra iLEv ouv 7rapaXeto). Ka' ryap E' LEr A'iOaE 7r1%, () av1pe9'AOrva'atO, Co'oWOtTO, EV0e'v8' v aVTov L,8ot 19 [,Eyav 7E7Ev?7/LEVOV, ovUX?rap aUTOV0. L2v O EKELVO? oev oeec TOL; v7rep alTOVrr TETrLoXLTEV/LEVotL XapItv,?I EaU LVO T0JT0l 0V'V VVV V/,LtV 8'6 ~lIC17V VpOCY'1JKEt Xa/3p5, rov',rwv ovx~t IJV Op6 TOv KcatpoV TOV Xee7v. eA, Icat XWp9 T"OUTCOV 6eV, Kcab 38C"XtoYv CeTLV ac7lC oevab 7ravTag vuaLLL, Icat yeyaXca, "'CVp'AV o, a Evv'ovv /3ov XO~hLaOL? ~pUtgSr E8oiC6aI';eV, -raUT ELI7EtV 77eLpacopa0.L1 W To ev ovv EMOpICOV Ka6 a7rtTOV icaelY, avV rov 7a 7vre7rparyteva 8;ELCvvvaL, Xot8optlav 6LVa'6 v av /r o-eLe ev/V &cato',; T, o 16 7ralVO r O' 7rTW oT' 6'7Tpayce 18eElprlCYOett, el,L' i bCtVXoV VEOItatKb 70o 70) tV7TXEKTrEo'lX,77l,VOP;lp[LCaXV TOV T qMiVOV, 077op Kat E 0&+ O vtapXVT e'o \ e! \ / XVTOC o1T p7EpOv TCV ErapaEpovoTeVT, 7puy[C f7a tT'O9 V P EOy EV ya p, 07fC) L pEA v TLIVI T'Arva7 o Ta CLpV(t/yLa avToU, 6 E7y fIkEv 7a/p, w avEpe?'AYjva~ot, coolBp) acv r'ryovcq7v (2) OAYNGIAKO~ Bo 13 Kai ats OC 00t3VpT9 o/ - -ov 6Xt7rov Kcal Oiv/av.tuaaTeov, E' Tar Kat. o7to Tevp r').ETEeo 8ticata 7rpaTToPra c;opco aVTOrV?V5 71EV07' vVv 8E 0e6pcov ifcat awo07Prw euptVcLOw r "lOv tze'trepav eviit \alV TO caT apxa% OTE OXvvOoUS a7rrlXavvov Tves CeO3e ovXo/-Ev`ovs' rj7t) 8taXEX107va t, T) Tf l l)7rO~ V 0acK)eLv rIapapwo-etv wKab To OpvXovLevov 7WOTE ar-oppyTOPl ECELZVO cKaTCaacEvacat, TOUVTe) ~vrWpoC-a7aY 6/Olevov, T9vv 7 A/ tav t ^oraav ouorat v[LreTpav CeeXev Kat TovS [E rp 7po TEP V/JaXOVU v/4a9 a'cotK'aL, 7rapaso'vat e 6EElVOLS @ETT'aXOvs \ E UVV vZT veTXeTaa, Ta O- Ma7rwio-tav 7rapaw;o-'eW uVTroXE-Xe caOlcalt Kat 7T'o iPOJK(OV O7r o/XEov 7roXE/fl7eretv VWEp avTOrW acva&e~a-Oat. lox0(Osi &E ~OV'83 EGT'rtv OVTtv ov O rebCevaKICuEJv JEKEVOV 7T) CbaV7 XP7CI-aplEV60P T9'PV r(Tap elca2o-7rp / ) / ) T n7r~pov~ayh~a7Jflv ovtO 6~7I'aiT)E ~o'vrep o~,v eO~ rou'rrov rlpO ihYa r~1lva efCavrob 8' cv/u4Epov avTrop eavrTOIS (OPTO T 7rpacetv, OVTOJIS OgbEXEL Ta) l Tw; V aTv TOV70IWV Kab KaOatpEOOvaL aXLv, E'77 Lq 7rav' evEKa cavTOv 7OtrobJV EEX1jXerlyCTa. KaLpov 1uEv &7, apEs A vaot, o Tp, TOVTO 7rapESaT 0TLrT7t Ta 7rpac kamYaa 5 7rapeXOcvOL Tt9 ELtOt, /FchaxOV 86 V 8LtaTo7), eo oT X 0O Ta\' 7rpCOTa E4r77e:T7[EVO; Tra XoarqT 7'T6UTEVC-OVo'1/ aVT(, fo t \ V.X. P \196a* o O apa T)v avT) a:V' e'ta EOO lOL iaCtb Ij\V fNbf TTS V V TavTa [ Elr OVTXr09 EXEv o 7yetTa, 8 2 14 AHM OOENIOY2 ~ (2) 0CTcat 8P Ia /ca80jev aV'TOV Ta vpa'y7taa7, TP ra oa, Xqttzva9 Ka" r r Tom' / a' X0)Pla fKab XtE'C~Ug Kabt Tolav-a 0 vTr rrpoeLXqlevat, o0vC opO, oeu Oa'. Cap'EVUOGas Ta'payra 0,00'l O''.'OTav /4v ap/tr' evvom~ a 7v~',/t CvaT97 Ka 7raO-6 TavTcz VItLSVE'p Tok lkpTEXpOVOa! 70TV sroXE/ov, KCab oTVl7rovVEv xcab 6EpEvw TcS a-v1,ftopa9 Kab pe'ctv ElOEXOtVO V Ol av po't oLo' ot Joav 7C oE Ka7rov0 v ppla' TVL'0)7rp OVT5O bC'XvoT,) - rp( 7fT 7rpdba(ct Katcl, f/JLCp~ov 7rTaorfoa a'av7ra av7EXattol-E Kcatl 8eoXvo-v. Ov yaTp eaYTv o0f)C e07LV, 0C avopeS'AOrlva'o, a8cKOvUva Itcab JErIopVcovTra K~a "ll EV8o`JJeIoV uva/1iv 3e — B3atav T1rr7ao-cOat, aXa Tra TroLa)Ta Ets cb l' awa KaI 2.,plaXVV Xp`OVov aVTEXl, Kalt (rO Spa ye V0?o-ev'7'b rTat eXT'llTW, &a, TVUX T) XP0Y 6 bwpcrat Kab 7rep' e W Xpope? 8e wp7', a ~ep aavu' Karappet.`j2J7rep yap ouclasa, oa cal 7rXo/o Ica& T&cV aCXX1)V 7'rV TOLOVTO)V Ta KCl'TOOEV Lo'XvporaTra 9.. \, \ \ \ etval, ELb,. OV'C) KaL T'to 7rpaetEOv Tas' apXas,? at, ras V7wo6O"C'reL cLXJOe9 KCaC 8icalas edval 7rpoo-i7eft. TODTO 06 OUf CVt VV el) TOts 7w7ierpaly/EvOSt ILXl7r7rTC. /vIt 8?e 8re-LV OLas' r0 eT s a VV vvlo /3oOtpR, Kab o07'i60 tTt' XYcEt ICaxLtO-TaI KaIb TaCLX-Ta, OV709 alpEO-K/e pLOL' TrpOS 8\6 OET9raXovs? 7Tpje3EiaPav 7r-o7rELt, r 701V pepV Ml'ct rav-ra, TovS' 8S 7TapOV EtL Kat yap OVP eLtofv JX77LfIE/ VtOL ITayacas oav7atretv cat wEpt Mayvo2 0-a/,,S XAo0youv1 7rotcbto-at.:oC07vELc0E6 /%eV.TOt TOV O, t) av!.peS' AAOlatot, o'7rwS ht XOoeyovS epoiv(o-t /vopI ol 7rap' e 1' el sto 71rCOV:efl pEa8P, a'XXa /caLb vpyo l' Tt lVeLKVElV 7gOVtv Ie ri t e n ) v / ^ /!'9 \,Evex'Xvr/vAO&T0V aioC,Ov KAl? T r`, ICat ovTO iJt) E7rp ~~70~7CXo~v too (2) OAYNOIAKO B. 15 TOtS' 7Tpa,/aLCo-, O a7rcta [lev XyOSo, % v aT7rr ra 7rpa7/JaTa, /c7ratolv r oCaLLETL KCat KISCaOV, L tdXto-rca oe o 7r7apa TS/ lTeTpalS 7roXecoso oc () ryap To0LuoTa7 a6v7 8oQcovluev X/1 0a0) 7Jov7T iua)XXOV a77T6/TTOV6t 7(raWrTes avTO. IoXyY C)) 7f)v /leTafrTaot KEI /Cye7aX)Y) 6et- 13 KT0EV T) /ter7a/oXfv', et'LE'p~Oas, JtoovTas, a'7ravra 7roLOVr7Cos ETO/ICtro S, eb7Ep 7T9 VlW 7rpO'EEc TOV' VOV7'. Tav raVTa 6. 1 o?7E (S /rpOcTKEcL ca1 &Et'rEpalve t, OV,11Vo)), to aV8pES'AO va'otl, wa\ oTv1ICaXLcca aoIOevS' 1a 2' aroTwS CXOPTa ap1 7av ETct PLXtL77r7p aXcct KcaL 7Ta 7179 0 KELCtw?ppXS ECKp b Ka VVa/aECOS' 1caKcai eXoVTa feXEyXOrce-raL. ~IOoX tuEV Yap -Ma1c Lovi1cK S 8vattv S 1 ca6 apX7 E 14,,7 /1EV VpOO-OJ1K7S' 1 /lCp Et YT 71T OV /lcKpa, OLOV 9 7pce:-roO' vlV ET Ttl/O cot, rr~po\.OXvvOovs - T7aLIv aV 7rpoS Hfo7tuatav OXuvO'ots' E'ftlVI) Tb TOrVTO UvvqtoTepO V E o77XLS CrTatCLaSOVO'b Kca 7T7Tapay1r - 7 s \' eV/, POtS E7Tb TV TUpa)TVCVKu OLCail e'p o'/oe e aJ oEot v vL ereo'~T'e 000 719 av, l06'/6a, 77pOcO7 Kav pav ouvatW, 7ta v7- 0 e ravrT CX6. Av7) 8e 1a60 avT\ a O) ev - 1 CaLt 7rOXXWO7) Ka1rc6Wv oCT71 o-e46fta Ka6 lap OV7TO/' 7a7o ToOLvrov 0W 7a vL /LE7yav 15s, N e. e/eT / *.. a6VTOV r7l7yrcaLr70, TOS' rohxEtOs 16 76a 1' a TpaT7lals, e7 I ols ~ I / x I Mw ryap o/'vO0e, Tp aovtpcs'AOmyvacoL, OT ovS a6oVT 0 XL7 770rO aPEv TE XP 166601 7 o0VS' lpxo/f6im20 atX 5, / ev Ko(31 EIrLoCV/E #CL TvprO oE~iJeXa, fao i qpoppyTaL a parco77, ocaKt IWVEVOw, 6) O-V/a/p 7, 7 rra70e(, 7r)v Trov 8a7r7pa- 16 16 AHMOSOEN O~Y (2) 7aEa av7ra ca fq8cS rc07r0e aXXo MalcetoKcE v iactXevv &`av aCvrr'roV'v a''oaXG J qpr1/ECvos~ 7obL TE 7?7S'/1EV CvLX07t/kl7a9?7qS' a7ro TouT07 Ou ETEO7LO, Ko7rTO/xLEvoL Ceit 7TatS or-paTelatS TavTaI8 Ta7' aro) KxL7T XV70rovv7at Kat arvve)o(X TaXavLr7opovLV, o017 e7b EL!, 0' O' \ " l ^ U / 0, " Pew, OVC1 0 aV, 7Opt(7600V OVT6S 0(? ovw av UV7at, TavT eXovrTeS (LaEoEOat KECKXE/CX EaLeV ro x'v ELtr7opLoWv r7o E)p 79 X(cL )La 7ov 77roX-Eov. 17 0 pEv ov OVVoXXo0\ MaECE8'vov 79'OV0L X LTT-, 23 aVTOV OPTE I? 0 Iav reraspo~ oe v eXovau on Ec tovvUlv a~v' 79 LEc oV0 06 E O71ep ELt,',Oavaeo a ct eV po7/LE' roy r vroXt ov, 8'' E).. S. o( ~ EI 70WV evo ClVT77 T77 XO)P9 7E67EY17LEV0V) 7TLtOs 71C$OVOV, apvspo9 ova/oo otOv TE cfEvEo-Oat, o' U'ov s18 Et /3eX7Tov. E /1eV 7yap 7L avy7p eCrLv ev aVTO67 7.! \ /!, \ OLO Et/171r-Epo 7rWoXe/ov rcat a 7vCov v, v7070V9 / Ev q5Xo6tL/6ta 7raVTa9 a7rr(OEL)v aVT7O e6/q, /30VXoLEVoV 7rTaVTra aV7TO) (SOKEl' eblaV ra Ep7la (7rp' 0 yA av TO^ AiXroV icat 771V bLAo076a6aV 7aY T pO9 a 8 PV7rvep'/3X'7 Eov eLvaL) E 769 JCtrO)p~OJV 97 (ECaito' alXX0, T177 KcaO 7eCpav a'cpa-..L' 70 /w'a.v aroKeat /1EO9V a p 7V'LL~cav 7OV T 3LOV vc a\ 1.E tcaK ELop'Saf0CVEoa O E v 0 cEVo fE+pELV, rtaperiopOat at a v otrevo e Eva' LEp, TOV Ao\tro\? 8' \ \ \' 19 TL0OVT0OV. -0670V9 09 TE1p t avrov Elva6 X)aCC KCEL KICXalKa, 7060V70TOVq aVOp7TOVq OOVq /1EOVCOE'/p7aq OapXE' c-Oat oLav7a ola cY o vvv o'cv O v'pov vsa o'0a kao- (71. A7, O'Tt Ta87 v T E0LV ( OX)fn ~ a6t "op oVS pEVO-86e (2) OAYNOIAKOX 0 D 17 7rareE atX,4xavvop S9 woX)v T'vr OaviaTo7rwotLv arTeX76orepovs o'vra%, KaXXiav i'cev6 ov "P87otov flcal TOtOvTOV9 avOpOr-ovo9,,uluov9 ryeXotooV fcat 7rotr77as atoxp(oi fafaTov coWV Eti TOv9 Ovov6Tas, 7vOLOV1'v eveKaC TOV 7yeXao-"Pvat, rotvTov9 acya7rca f cal rept aV207O) EXE. Ka/Tot Tv-cra, Klat et' /ucpdT 719?27eatL, Ec7LXaL, ) 2~9 av6pe~'AOrva-ot,'/yelyaaa r E. IVOV flwain?9 /tcal iCalO8a6t/oviait E'OTt'09 Eol) eu OpOVUOVtV. AXX, s oat, VYt U)ev C7rlrtcoreTT TovTo L To KCTOp-oOz) at ao p ev7rpa~tat 8etvat vry7fcplvat Ta TotavTa Ove)8tri~ Cte &d T -riTatg'e, TOT afp' cpt/36 a'UTo)v TaV4 T: ectaor0'e0-6ETat. 24 JOKEl 8' e'Ot7e, 9 a"bpE AOIao, 6 O' " 6/-o~ue' A'iaot,, 8e[ ~e'AO, aerlfet ov/c Et? -LaKcptap, av OL Oeo OeXroO-' Ifat K ue/t 8 oXqOe. "fTr2r-p 7ap 7p TO'L co'/uao'v(, tv /V av "pp'vo9 I 21 7,8a Ept0O1, -tat,,,,alO 8`, 7T9, OVO3ZI 6wato-OdtETaI, E'raV 6E appt0TJpa T Tl),vLp/ 7raVT'a KtvetTrat, Kcav pry7,La facav'TpeT a Icav aXXo *T Twov v7TapXOTvr(P a-acpov 7, ov760 Kaab T7v VOX Wv Kat' *r 7opeiM o'~r, dcav r ^ +.fca,.a TOt 7'OX oXXot? E('Tt7V ETre6Ctva 86 IOpO? 7roXe6loO lvptwrXaKc?,, 7r avTa e7roLIo-ev efcOXa. Et 8E / kTtS iclJvL, " o apvIpe''AOqvatot,'TO),V lT/Xt7trO 2a eVTVXOVVTa- Op)oV TaVT. &,opEpov rpo-7ro-Ex[ro-at. vo0IEt, coct)bpovoS,LLEv aOpC07Trov Xoywyti Xp2Tat. efyaX7 ryap po7rrW, /aXov E ro Xov' T apa 7ravT 7 N.'7I I I\ N I,,x CGTL Ta TOw avUp7wrrwv 7r'pataTraT ov )v) aXX eqyye, * t, e 9! \ / Eb eTt aCtpEotv fLOL [ 1r], Tr7V T7) /LETE/paS 7TroXCeW 77TX' av EXO/l, eCCEOVTWov a 77por r letroev ot/eV wVL C aVT) 077))a7"O0'lI UL) iS a a pov02 N (2) \ \ - t A \ s f Katb Karcl IKpov,'7 Tf7V KEltVOV 10roXv (ap wXtEov9 7aop/ioas EL rO 71 rapa Tt QOW8 Ev1otav vov oP0 23 2/)E1)oUc 3) EikeLt. AXV, olp/ltat, Ka71JLcEa ov8EV 7OLOVlTC I OVIC fE1cLt 3 avTov dpyovv wra otv86 -ros OIXoLS c7-rtTaTTEl v7rep avrov rb TrOlEv, 71 7rTb e1 0' TO6,r eobSo. Oo sq" OavFLaTro) eoTLrv, Eca orpaevoottevo~ icat 7Trovpc EKcELVO' aVUro( Kcab 7rapo E9 aat av ica Lb frlyOa icatpov w' opav 7wapaXCeroV roluov? XotVTWV ICal rL*O - vOv IcaL 7rvv0avovto)v T'eptLyve1TaL. Ov8e Oavatd'to 7oOwOVV'oT9 O trepl7/E1V. 24'AXVX' ECKVO Oav/a'cco, Eb Aaicen atalo)o9 tEl 7ToTe, 2Pi co) av Lot', VVE~ co co,[v o O avapet AO3)vat, 7irU'ep 70)1 vEXXqvtcwv (tKataov avTrpaTe, cat 7roXX a xL[a Or Xeowe' C Ta~ 7roXXa'cLt vuttv tov ovUc )Oe Xgcare, aX v' o6 AtXXOb 7V'XO)L 701T)V LicatoV, T7C CVeTep O) avrr 7Xv aVW' CE LCrtl-Epove7e Kcab 7rpoeKtVUVEvTE crTpaCrevo/eo OtL, VVY6 8 O) VlT EtevaL iTcat /ueXXeTre cl()EpelZ VrTEp 7'(0) V/tETEp)1v avrwT)v KTq7aTr0v, Icab ToS /[Ev aXxov' cercYorKaTe 7TrOXXctCL 7r7rTaCl Kat KacO 6e'va aVTWV EKaCtO7v G Ev E Lepet, Ta 3 vLETep avrTcv 25 a7oXcoXeKcoTeS'T KaOo' Oe. Tavta Oavwta'cl, KcaL'TL 7rp.O TOVTOLS, EL,7%8E eLS bue)v, C() avopES''AOvaotL,'VvIaTalr Xoy/to-a oOat, 7 7To 7oXeLEtcTe Xpvo X7r, Kca7 W''7otO1 e ^O1'n K'tT OOwvw0')W 1v[) XpW Ov OLeXrlVUOeV OVTO'. "I-Te yap 8177-ov TOUv 7OTt /LeXXd07'0)v a(V'7t'V, ETEpovU TvCtva eX7rtbO1PTW) 7rrpafet1v, a-TtCo/e)wv aCtXX3\ov9, KcptvOv)TCo, wOtXv (e2) OAYNOIAKOr: B. 19 cXr t v>T( Z, cXc8fol TaUTL a'rep vvvUz 7rotovITo',, a7ras O Xpovos 8teX'-iXvOev. EO' OLVT(o9 a'7VO)tOVUOY eXETE, CO avope9'AOmvatoi, 26 OUTE 86' ~V (EC XpW7*T 4 aOXa "Tat 7rpatoa'a Tqr 7i-OXe ro 7eyove, ata, TOvTOV EX7TrL'ET TOC aVTWOV 7'rpaeov cEK +avwv aUTCI Xprqc7cU y ~evrj;rcroa;;'AX' 02oT' EVXo/yov OmT eXOv EaT-T6 7UW c TOVT7O ye. 7r1 OV yap patOv eXOvma9 /VaXaTTElv?7 KTqcr7ayOatB 7ravTa 7W-e'/VKE1C. NvUy 83' O Tt /tEV OfV~atOLCEV, OV[,o8v, EOTV V7rO TO?) 7TrOxEliO,XomOv'roV 7T-pOoTEpOV, KTCT aco-Oat 8E &E. VTfAv'TV OvV ylO)V pYOrp TOrvT 9o,. qrltb aq aeLV 3 6ebpEW. Xpr7- 27 taTra, avTovI LEevacL rpoO wv/oS /Url');Ea aLTtaOabt rrp v 26 av Tcwv 7rpaycaT(Ov KcpavT-7jve, TrqvLcavTna &e a'nr' auvrov TWVi Ep7wOV KptvavTca,'rov9,uev caovS E7ravo Ttav, rovq o3 a36eLvovTa9 coxa'ewv, Ta9 7rpoouoetv 3 ~ (LEXet Kat Ta IcaO' vaS eXXee/ara' ov yap eo-rt 7TrtlcKo eeraO-ab rT 7rE7rpalT ab T'rot adXXo6t, av t 77rap' v/oav e,,'p. / \a~ av7rov pTPC? U7Uvrpr -Ta 3 EOva. Tlvo0 fYap eveca, c a'vSpe9'A Oqva'ot, vo/lz[eTe troy3ov 28 ILLEV Oevyelv roY7 m0U v?rava ooAovS av cAc7reIre OVT70V Kact 7rEPL TOOV TTpaTi)v c v;' r07t EVTavOa pEiV Eo7T, 7Ta a'X, vErp )V o ETbv o 7rXe/oe0, vLETepaA/[tvros Kacv Xq)bO9,?rapaXp?7Lta avT7qv v/let KO-, 6 Ot 3E KiV3tIVYVO1 TOVW E &(JOT7OTJ)V (Ot, LL"tO' 3' OUCK ECTLoV EKaE o e, KtIPVOUvOL tEv exaTTOVU Ta c3 Xiroara ZTeW, ~e(Evro717cO )v Kca6. ToW aTpaTo Tov, Aaot'aCO% 7EOV, T o 7rX a UAo-vXcr1tv.'E r' OV9 T'O XvcIt- 29 20 ~AHMOOENOY2 OAYNOIAKO0 Bo (2) TEXovv aCTvrot eco-acFT XpovtrV. TteS 86E, oTav 6 vZ ebl Tra,rpayP7mcTa a/ro/3XE#r1Te ba1c eXovpra,'rovs ceo-rT7flcoTaa KlpaeEE,''TaI E otv3e9 Xyov TT a va alvKayta aKcovOrTpe Tavra', acber'e. JI'epc'trb TroLVVv V/LbV aXX?7Xol EpbLEIv Kat & Taovat, T0oS ev Trara TrTE7resfoe1t?, TOL 86 rav7a, Ta KotVa 3 eXebv bav'Xs. rp - Tepov eLv eyap, Cw) avppe9'AOqvactob, eLcOE/pETE KcarTa' \OP c, / / $' 07)p 7EyJ EKaTEpOoV, Kat oTpatr. yoS V71O TOVT, Kab o- /3O~)OU/7Lefo TptaKOcbOL. 06 o' a\o& 7rpOc TVOYEvhtfcrc 30 AcE 8-q raVra w7ravcvral? Kat ve6owv avrmw crT Kat zVV e7okeJvOv9, COWOV Ka T 3ov eve aXXo-abt cpoa eo Xv eOev Kal To 7TrpaTTce 7'0roo-ab. Eb 8e ro06 UZEv coo7rep eK 27.vpavvros' V/LOJV e7rra"retTv a7ro&ooeve, Tob' ( avactya~ecOab rpbqpapewv e'o-ecpewv UTpaTEVeC-Oat, rob"s E?rtrefo-Oatb Icar'a'ovTowv topov, aXXo E /Lx OT6LOVV (-V1./7JOVEWJ, OVUX6 7yevroeTaL Twv eeoVTWoV V/lt OVr EV EV'8~tKfql-k)covo v aeb tke XXete, e d'o Vl, Katpa)' TO ylap L7flEVOV act f)OS' EXXEIJE, Elt V(l 81 rTOVTOVS KOXaiLc,avaT' Trv exOpov 79repLteoTat. Adyco o KEacXaLov, 7YtraCTC eLS'oE'pv at' )o' P ae "ro eXe, x,, t I I / q N Irl TO 6L0YV' JTaVTa97S -LCVa Kat, a! lepOS%, eoS9 av a7raVTre? o-rparevo-yo-e 7rao-t -ro7S vrrapovicb Xodyov &&6Ovat, Kab Mwaa 0 Ia r Sf ea,. K, a o., o'for7) EL7rTOVTa cLtovov 7rapaXp p/aa e7raLvecrs0te, aXXa gcaL vLa-s ~ X coe l avrov vETEpOV, /3XTV Tov v O oXLW 7WrpawyyaTcOv ivW EXOPTO)Pv. 4ffMOv@ENOT22 OATN&IAKOX 1'. xt TavrTa 7rapcrpaJTral ct n7 LLyvwoo-etv, co av peq I'AOnivatot, o-av -re tlS T rpa aa airo,o XEro rcao o7av 7rpol rovw Xoryovs ovI aco0. Tov? /pev Tyap XOdyOV W 7rept T0oV T.top arcOcOat tXtl7r7TrV Opo 7tyLrYoJLE(VOV8, TCa E 7rpacypara E1 o TOTro 7rpo7lKcovra, tOJTe 07roo /97 wreto(e/aU avJTOt 7pOTrpopv cacOq aOKceaactratL 36ov. Ourv ovV a'XXo.h0 o0coVtsv o0 Ta TrotaVTa..! \ ^' r \i ovo-aV 7r-aptToravlTe v/Lv azap'aCvetL. )E o 0OT-t 1EV 2,, _roT etrWv Ty,rrd;LeL Ca6. avrrl~ e~ebv xckaXov ~~aL LXt~r7r7rov rTt copf-caorOat, Icat p/'aXa dacpt/c3s ol8aa E7r epov 7yap, ov%6 7r Xat, reyovPe TavTa atdfOTrpa v1v 29 ltEVTOb 7VTE7retoL6ab ro0''Icavov 7TpOXa/E3e 5FtvY e7ac \! ~! \ I I / \ r rpp oorW, ro v~ ~V/~"aX0ov 7rcroep. /va Tya7p TOVTO l cIma L u7LEVTrapto, te ca - 6pTa ove0 Tu 7rPt Tpo7rov T'ttoprtrre'at TS' EK eter ETat 0ov07TEL71 77pw T'p) aXe oUsrtop verot'cOat, /ITto. rjovat sep T719 TEXCEVTq79 OPTVitOVi) WoeZat o7oa. 22 aHMooe EN OY2 (3) 3.O hev ovv warcpv icatpo, co avSpep'AOva.o, c' 7rep 7oTre, 7roXXTS (ipOvpT3O, Ica; ovX 8e3'rab e' 8e. ovx o rb XpI r7 ept Tv rrapovTowv o-vp[3ovXevoat, XaXe7rC)Trarov rov/ at, EKELV a7ropO), Tiva XP Tpo 07To, CO 5t cl gqb 7T P eVTO\l) ^ 7TLP 77ie aV71peC A'rfvaaot, 7rpoo, v/aS 7Tepb avT. ero'yttat 7ap T e v r apwv Kat a' coUVo UvvoL8a, Ta WXCAo Tav CrpaEY/ aT0)VV vaCS EKC7TrCscv/yElaL TO'),iU /PovXieo-ab Ta 78TovTa 7roLetvapo 7wo) T u)r/ a-vLVtpat. A't' -!din, V -oETa wolappvraet 7orO/Ejab TovS ca Xoyo, v7ro0 pVepetv TOVTO OEcOpOvVTaS% E66 TaX?7O'7 XeYo Ka o ToVO E! \! x e I - wa Ta XOL7a' /eXTCoJ ycuyra~ opaTe yap cos EC TOO XarpoXp 8q u7yopEtLJ cviovSt evS wav 7rpoeXXvOe COXOIqp/aSC Ta 7rapovTa. Avcaycacov 8Sc vz7oXaA/3aveo icctSpa TOV 767EVe7/zLEVWV 7rpCOTOv vjzU v7ro-oLvw7-at. ME/tvC1f0e, cd av(pes'AOyvatot, o ar' awzj yYEIW CX77rros' v/uv E rV a/pIC?? TplbTOV'1 TTaprTOV EcTO TOUTL paOipcov TE'XOS woktoplcov. TOTE TOt)VVV uJ7Rv,UEv gn MaqLaKT iPtAGVL, 7TOXXCoV 86 X~Oyowv.Ka Oopv3ov 7Yvyvoac'rov 7wap v o'v, c*,t oao-0p e TeTTa/ \' / paEovPTa 7pcypvEL IKacetXKev Kaa TOvS.e'pX 7r-TTe Kao TreTTapctKOvTa eCe)ov avTOVS'o L e.atve lV ca KaraXav'Ta e?6 KovTa eO(/c)EpEe. Ka' /.LETa 7'a'Ta SeLXO0vTo9 To) (Sc',ca/ ~l' o /'r POUtco'71 I' TOV'TOV TOV /-O P 0o 1te? l/eC'a tupo-~'qp ta 8EKa vpavs a7rETrTeIXaT7E EXO)a T KEVpaS Xapt6OLov P Ka& 7rEvvTT TcvXaVTa apyvp/ov. 2 Er y7ap Tyye'XdO ~i/xvr- 30 o S ale-Oevw)v' reoveco (,3XOe p pa) O'Etr (3) OAYNOIAKOS r, 23 (atpoV 6v&ea TOe /36ijOe v vot.-aVTe9 a4eTE, ) aVape?'AORqvanOL, TOV a7ro-roXov. EIv 3 OVTros 0 Katpo9 avTOS? et yap TOTe crcete CoqOie0 a-aEv, wTEp EJro'toe-a IHe0a) TpO0WV-'''2 A?WXAE& VP TlV 0 0'ALT7TO pueea, 7rpoev'tkco%, ovx av i}~ wX vct,'vv 2, Ht l'' XL7= oo$ei,. Ta [EV 8l rore 7rpaxOe'ra ovwea A avX)wJ~ cO, I vVp 6, 6TEpoV,77OXcuov tcaLpoS 771CEt TLv, o' Ov kcat 7lt pt TOV~ t'' m' TCO E/kGhpO7P0, tla /L97 Tavcta 7raO7Te. T i Xp70ote0a, o) apESpa',Ap Ovaoot, TovTpo; E 7eyap u /3o0r0r0-ee 7Trav'rt'Ouve& tcaTt' To (3Va7TO`, Oedaao-Oe ov Tpo77rov v/L.eLB cr7paT'7?7(Korev 7ravra eerrOe v7ep MXlqrirwov. Trirpxop'Ox tOt &)va/biv T Om KECTo 7 /JEVot, Kca6 &6tLCeOB ov/ r rpcwytara OV-e (ltLtwTOr *EO.pp5E Tov'TOV Ov'' ovTrot CXmtWrOv. aEwpo~a/taev ~e vo''ca',&e /'' "' n/JC K EKEVPOt 7rpoS. qi.a9 6ptrPIPV V 71 TOVTO (00-77-Cp'To a 7c ",'T E vopye(v TowS cabVTOV icatpows &qr7XXa7y-e`lVv 7rpos 3o' c s a'E/c7ro~efccovaa M4V q'odJ-eca Tovs avtpo'7rovq cec 7.raP7'0? ppo'rov, acLt 0 7raTE 0pVOV TOVT 70 Te7rpaKta VV O;X, G. o o. a/ e, 077-600 woTre, Tit o x9v verOaaXotov, eo at'ep'A4na'bot, 8 wrijv /3o'q~otv c\ppovws' E gat K \po9vjtwq TEW / O~V 0 X pX6S 71ap T7S 7r7eptoaro' avo 7r/ast acaXvV E1l, et caaO UE/et,6ta Tt TOW Vpa7QtaT)P, ov8E TOPv q030ov, co) avCpES?'AOlvatot, /[LKpOV Opo) TOP TCOP pwTat TaVT0a, X, \..,,,,, e (x,.,! eXoPToC,Lev 6P eW ovo- @19/3a/Cov q2t, a7retfpcofrvo TO Xp71uac /tO(KE0)PV, 178eVOS: e I7ro8cV OTO9 IL\'tO7 6t Ta or.apoTra KacraTTpEraEc 7P "rpos TavTta 7EwtKL~Xat, ra,ret6a oq 24 AHMOOENO~Y (3) 9 vrpca7taTra.'AXX"cat p-r7. v TL' u/ tv ev TrovT va'roo aa - 31 XETab 7rOLtrfloev TaC &Uovra, ~8-iv E7yyvO6v fovAETra Ta eaV7~ ve~po u rJ, \r lr,,,,a7v Pebv ot ap eL's TOVTO 7rapt0TrfTaC& Ta 77-rpcayaTa, Cav T roapovT' 7rpooWi/e0Ca, cYxe lv J[LE' v a7rav7 ES. V17rov. 10'AXX OTt p\El 8\ 8(SEL /3o06JV, e7TOt TlS a'v, 7raVTES E7yv(cKa1/eV, fKa 3oO -o kev' To 8\ 07TcW, TOVrTO AE'o e. Mv1 TOl'vvvP, o avopes'AihvaZot, Oavjta"o0qTE, Cav 7rapaoqov ) trO Tb TOL? 7roXxos. No-!ft V U, 5 LO c/ \ /. / po''a?/, 7a a.iv or pC^t~v Ul t.vi) a~vbOS'rO EV 7"(w ov.pCbLKC T\6 av'OTC XVeI7TVOV KaCb Te V TOc) T/ EXTpL( ObTC oX0e'v c'roc WrapaO 7eT. a'oaXqr, TLvcavtTa TOPv rypaovTa a rcavPeS' Xc\/. \ \ ^ ), /! 7' r12 TE OTt caOVo''L TeT.' Hptv E 7'irVTa 7o p'toat, /,?j OEC Te T rvor Eov 7sv Ta SCXTLTVCa a) yp vavvpa, vL rov.7!eoX~ rOat /3ovX a'r-o-Tat. v0 yap Evpr)GCYTE, AXxows TE sE aWfeXnoat Ta T 7rpar/y1Tara, aXXa KCat ESv T0 XOlTov,ravXXov eTt' \ ZOV TO Ta v oEXTOr-Ta XE yelJ 0o'3epaTw'Tpov (3) OAYNOIAKO2 r. 25 7ro1o0-aL. Ka' XveLv 7e, d' awvfpe9'AO'vatot, o70,' P0ovJ SELb T0ovToVU TovS avTovS atozv OL7Trep Ka rcaT eOicaoctv ov Yap EcT 8DtaOv TV EV XapLv, ) T[aoav 13 32 ef3Xafe TrE 7V 7roXLV, TOtS TOTE OELOL7J VqrtapXeELV 7))V (3 a7rECOELtav, e & atV ac7aE tL~C aletov -r paaTtEv,, TC0 vVy T ea'XTLG-rvTa el7rOV&v ~'7l/av 7ev OaVat.. Ilp'v GE TavTra evTpe7rto-at, tfalu3a/cg'C, aov cpes'AOvatoao, 1tne9va TOV (cfT6e eLS 7TpOV7TTOV KafKov avTov eJpaxeaeLv. V 7t' OV eKELVO y7 VliaS avroetv 8;e, co avpe 14'0,ibOt, OTC vfLOa 0vEVS a toto cTl aY' Vo L T tr ~-ita ov6e;o~ a`e ov e1r9o, aP v I~ 7rpO076-VTat TO roeLv;Oe eteIv Ta.7e odqavTa wpoOv/s vtas. Et laap7 avTap Ta t ct a a 977 9 v/tal aara.c'TE''a. poo (To lcet 7rpaTTCev 97 Trept CoV av 7pa+~ &8a'paiaoc-Oat, OVT'v ub 70, p, ia\XX\ol 8 Q 068) E7rpayTTETe TOVTC)PV, ovTe t'XL77'o TO0OVUTOP VU3p/Ce6 XpOVOi' * Xat ryap aV eVeiCa 76 # tE( KE1 ( -A~X o~X OUvTo TaVT 15 EXEt'TO 7yp 7paTTELv TO Xo eeLV Kicat XELPOTOPVELV,' ae,,rp', pO' Ov rT) 7TaE&, 7rpOTEpO' 7T) (Vta6t KCat KcpeTTrov eCTTLV ToVT' oVv e vpoccELvat, Ta 8 a(XXa v7rdcpXet. Ka2, ryap crEG1/Jtl Ta, (coptT-a w fap V,(lVt i-t, co av,8p6'A0O7^ cs / ),, / N vaCot, 8vvait'evot, ica 7tv'vat q7ra'TvCot' V/ieLS' o VTaTOt Ta O8ePTa, Kcat TrpaGat 8e 3vvt'l7ecTOe v'v, EaCv op0cO 7TOLV7TE. Ttva Yap Xpovov 97 Trva cKapot, C av3pes 16'An0yaZot, TO)V raporotv'To 3eX'[ reTre; "H 7rTOTE a 3 26 AHMOSOENOY~ (3) Et 7rpaTcpre, et vi[ Vl; OvX arravTa,lEV rv?]Xv 7rpodX?7se a xoplc ~tavapoioro%, el 68 Ka& TaV7;T7 KvIpLos Tr? Xopa~ r7evj-eTal, w-avwov ao-Xta-Ta 7ELTor~e EOa; OV; OUS, Et 7TrrOXco-atev, ETol/oS tcoopetL vvTrrXvov/lcOa, 83 OVrot VVV 7roXe/LoviTat; O K eXO; )v Te 17 ipzerepa; Ou'3ap/3apos; OV V7 Ta aV Et7roL TS;'Axxat r(p OcEOW 7wravra ealravrTEs Kca [uovov ovX1 cvyKtaTaa-KcEvvaaTavTe aVT7f TOTE TOV9e aCLTovsj OLTLVES CELL, TOUTO 9,TnaEV,; UV yO7ap aVro a lTLL 7olUtev eLvaLt, afarpo octa ToVT' feT/c. Ov 6 y ap ev To;s TOV 7rOXE/OV tw3vVVOV S't v TO VYO1VTW)7 OV3eS Ea VTOv KaT?7^yoreC ZaXX Toy oTpaTryOV Kca TcJv o7rXrftOv Icar aVTOv paX,' $''/ 7rvTCLVT -aXXov,'iTTg/vTa/( Of 0e9 cta'/aPTava TOUSV bv70vozra, 877rov *,uELdV 7ayp et)zjV T KaT)7opovPT1, Tro CXXoV, eE &E TOvUT' erOetL ecar-Tos7, E tLKOV av. 18 Ka; vvv ov Xe7EtL Tl'Tra 3e'XT'o71ra;'AvaCorTaS aXXo; ELcraT, [L I TOvTOP aLTLaO-O o. TE8 tpO9 XE7eL TUS PEXTL6; TaVra 7roLELTe cayaO 7aTX27.'AXX oV V7(ASa Ta 7a; OV'KE`TL TOVO O XeyIjw ac&8KLbS 7r1x)v eL 8fov EvCao-0a,rapaXe7ert. Ev'aaaLeV Ey7p, e av8pes'AOg vaLoL,,7rapa Or~K~a,.oa "'' Oa'o t. pat3Ov, l'} TavTo'7radvO'O OE ovXEraTL TLS aOpot a'Ta eV oX7pOX jXEYO OabL, oTao 7rrEpt 7rpaYULaT0V 7TrpoTreO avo'rTeV, OVKE O[Lolv EV7TOpOV, o, a e'xa E' 36/76'C7rT avTr 7TWOV I)0ov, av,LU o'vvad'boTrepa ety, Xapq3avetv. ig EL' 86 TtT lq/-LS7J e le Ecai Tc 0tc)pta eav Kcai 7r'OOVS ETEpOVa; Xe76v L oTpaLTL WrKOV, OvX ovTO p e [tTT(0v; Eowrot Tv av. P) eywye, e.TWeo (3) OAYNOIAKO r. 27 rl,. c avpcS a'AOBgrva~otL XXa, Oavlap'w e' oroTE awVpo7r(OV "? 7YE70VEV V 7Evr)e0-rTat, avT(r 7rapolTa avaN, A BXor] 7tpos a /zu e, T70)v aTroVT(AV eVrropricrat 7rpo0 a &s.'AXX' o*tta, 7LE'ra T0LO TOLOVTOtq V7W(PXEC XO7o0 r) 7rap cKa-VTOV /30vXro'Ls, &o7rep parovo a7ravov eUTrLV a -o e:ga7aTra-'ovat. "O Yap 0oVXETaL, 70)o 34 teKao-7 xa o TeraL, Ta te rrpayatra 7rooXataCb ovX ovTrw 7rEbVKEV. a6Opcare ovv, dt.vpe. OAtrvato0, Tav'0 ovTr9, 2c o7rro0 Ical Ta 7rpay/lar cv8EXETcaC Kca~t;v0ec0Oe etlEVaL IaL lttov'eeTC. OV TVo 0Croppovwv ov8E erepVtorv Ecrrw avOpo7roov, eNXe1ovra9 vTL O E'v8et"Lav Xpqza'TOV 7r(V 70)V 7X''/QV, Evew' ovet epe'v, ovI 67rt uCfv Koptivtovs /caL Meyapfera cp roavTra9 Ta o7rXa 7ropeveoOac,'tI 7r7rov 8' aCv 7roxetl cEXXflvta9 avopamro&'eo'-Oat' a7roptav cposoov Trot arparevoKa~ TavT ovX arXctCwEO La Ttol'V v/lCo, 7'T1v aXXwq 21.7rpoep' a Xee LV. 01) 7p OO etpcov ov,' aThVXI tt be (7o, C00'TE a7rEa' OaVEo-'Oat, 8ovXecOatb aL16ev f06'eXev ti4wv -aXXat 6tacv'XfTOV Kpt'VW 7O TOW Yo.u! [ toO'/a x o.ro-Xrov tcpvro 0'fTv r)v 77rpayuaT6OW 0-O7Tqptav aw-l 7217 VL Tr0 XeyELW XatPLTO apfcrto-at. Kab 7yap 70ToV 7Trb TOW0V 7rpO7/OVW 7lO)V XEyovTra9 aKOVO), o.o ) \ C*''' A * I C I O)o-7rep o,2 Ka ca V/,Es, 01ov e7rawOvYb E,EV W?apLoVTeS a7lraVTES', rt/OVVTta ov0 7oravv, TOVT(C) TOr) MEb oat 70) Tpo7rq T7SI 7TrOXritt'a Xp2ro7o0c, rTOv'ApTe8V EKEaovo, 70P Ntacoav, 701V O/03VUwlOv elkavT79, 7 ovlepucEa.'Et 22 S' Oc t1p&)TOw'TE T OTL rt c!Jlvao-t plff'pee, 7 ov 0b vita 2VTO 7re 28 AHIMO0OENOY~ (3) eovXe0-e; Tl ypac*frc; T IvL-6V xaPia,ia,; Ipo7rero0Tab Tq' 7rapavTltca apb'o3 TL T-7S oXewo9 7rp aylkava cL L TOLbasVT6L tV,3UalVeL, Va3 Ta EEV' OV7TV 23 7ravra KaXoWg eXeC, Ta c v, epa aopoS' Ka'TOb KICeraO0e, co a'v-pes'AvOvabo., a' TLs' av ce abCXata CL7reTL EXOl tv OiT Cr7 Tco)V 7rpO7Ovcov epofyv 7 ca1 TCOv -'C V/I(OJ. "Eo'wTat 86 IpaX;v ial rYpC o 7oO P/ vJd 6 X?dyo' ov QYap 35 aXXOTPlol S Vi- XPC-jkEVMOL 7rapa86PYey,1acLv, aXX O&fCEbOLS), Cw alptY 8Epe'A vawo, eua, oal'Loo t:eT' ry7EPE''Oa&. 24'EKE'Vlot rTOlvvv, Ol'1 OVc CXapto v)O O.XE1/Tovre9S Ov8 Cob)Xovv av'TOv9 C'7rep vval ovrot VV, rTVTe Ie/ v Kca TeTTapaKcovTa ET"l Tl0'EXX7Zvw qp av ECKOV7Twp, 7 TXE' / Vpta TaXcavTra els 7rv agCpoTroXtv aCvlyayov, v7rilKCOVE c TavT7v / 7T. Xwopa`v eXo av s pa ezV, o-77rrep EoTb 7Tpoo'cov p3apapov EXX7o, roX 87.a caVT 0taalC 7rCe' ical vavlzaXovpvre eYrTio'av vpo7rata au7o2 o'TpaTVeuotevo b tovot; E av co'n'coyv icpe-Tco 7-~] 25 ErMTb T0o ep7Ov9 da: a T('0v 0dovovvrov IcareXtbrov.'E7rO6 CL\Y Tl (OO f KaTEvt- O. 7. Ew,,,i ^ /'LEv CaIJ Trovl EXXivZc/V Kv 70o-av TObOVTOL El! (C e To'S KCIaTaL 7V't'OA V avTT'X \ eVT Oea ao-Oe 0V el Te To0L9 Kotob Ka I ]L IL T EV Tobl 00o(9. VtOCba /E TOtVI oKgo0oqaaTa Kat caXX To7a Ta Kc' ocraara KaT o-alevac-av'71-/Lv tepoKCat Tvl EV TOVTL a, vaOLaTlv, o-TE 8Evt T'vl E7T26 b7LYVO/EIVlV V7rEp/3oXfv XeXe BOaL' ~a o " c4poves 7oaav K ca oopa CE 7T() 7' - 7 TOXTEICLSa q7&E dO/vdteT Ct) 0''6i TE71V7'Apb`7Tdov vCab Kt91I 7V7 ML]T6r OV Kai 7T)o TOTE XCt/pwv ouaarpov eE/ rT apaC OSel! V/OW Y O7r0tCa (3) OAYNOIAKOs r. 29 o, 9' 1 707 ECTLV, Opa rr, T7OV t7etovo09 oev oC6/LvoTepap ovaav. Ov vyap eS -vreptovo-tav E7rpaTTETro avTolvT Ta 7- 7roXes w,, rXXa TO KOWOV avetEv e/KaoroT (ET70 86EV.'EKc 8E ToO 7Ta Ev L "EXXVCKcA'rto'T*, a' 8e 7rpo T0owv Oeov~ eCvo'S e3oS, Tra E v avtovrot 00)' BoQLKelv, te7lcXqlV etcoTon' etKCT/(avTo evaltovLQav.. Tdore L'ev Br1 7o0vOV 70)V TpoT7rov eoXe 7pa rpcay/aTa 27 ECKevOL9, XPWCIIEVOtS Ot9 cETrov 7rpo'-TaTatS VLuvi 0e w1(r 86 27utv v7ro v Xpg-a'7 T)J 7iTwV v 7VVV rpaa r aTa eAe; $8paf 7e 7 otzooL 7~raZ 7pa7rX-o-)o9i; Ka't a& a\ gXXa c twrfw ),r e ^,, 6~7i6bl~ AXX', 7t v LT L epijyla9 e7retXf/LX,uEVO, Kcal AceacEovttoLvv pcev ao7reoXot-.7"ilv, 9a,[q/aloov 8''XO-Xwv 07-wV, 7ol' XX OV& OVT0o aoXpeO T7rep~p, v 7svrpWTEV /utZv avrTtTa:(aOt, ECoV 8'7JtV Kat TaL u7[,eTep avTVo do'LaXw eev Ka\, 7Ta LTv aXXwv &CKata /3pad/3evJetV a7c1o-TTEp7eaa ptV 28 XpaT o&/cetaT, %reXcw 8' Xlxta ca; 7,erTaco-ta TrLaXavTa avflXo)cCaluV eLv oUV8E 8cov, o,'' ev TN) 7roXE/p4 Uvt.LcaXo0V9 e:T/?'al/ea, etp )prjvq7 ovrq)7 ar7To(oXecaoLtv OVTro, exOPOv 3 c rJi/at auVTOV 7rXtKOT0V O -KrfECKaOEUV.' "H bpaoarwo 7-r eyoL vrapeXOv, rOev CX aXoOev'Xvpo 7e7yovev q rap ry/tov avTrov',IXt7r7ro;. AX ) Ta, 29 EL 7-aU(LT p(XosXO9, 7Ta y E a2 (V'T 7- 7r1Xe 2VV alaetvov exe P. Ka i'r['a V "W l s' 7 $yc; 7 t e7racX~:et taS KOVLWLLeV, Kca& 7'Cr o80ov9 aC storLeCVao bLEV, Ecas /cpivas, cat Xr4povs;'A;ro/xC"ram s? 7rpos T0V9 t,,, <, -. r o t TavTaCr 7OXEreOVOlov o v o[ lEV e:',oX rV rhovamo 3 s0 AHMOSOENO~Y (3) 7Eydovacrlv, 06 3 b asogoWv El7Talo, EVoot T(; t3 a9 owLcLaS T&VY &17Itooth-V OtKOO a80/1t)1Tc0 c[tLvoTepas cE6W KaTEre-KEuva-zEVOb, 047() 8E a T q o7So' o' aTT60 710yV6o, 7roXEoo? cXawTrr 7e7oIe, TOOTOVTO) Ta TOVTWV rlVTq2at. 30 Ti 3 Tro,rayTco)V atTLoV TOVTrov, Kab Tb 87 7rOTE7 awrarT eLXe /caXr, ToTE Kta VUV OVKc Op0oaS;'O7T T; o\ / 0 \ vo.EV tPrTT0V Kal papevewr~a~ O\hst)v avmo? o orjyos TOv' Trv araOov, ica& aaTrra7rTlv qV 7rap'a TOV' 38igov To)V a'X(ov ElcaG7TCO ca= TtL/?1)9 Kab apXv7D Kab a oyaaov 31 T7VOS!.teraXa3etV VVV 8/ ErovaavTcov c3plEoW C,EV Ob'roK6- 37 TEVOEVOL 70T)V a'ya&Wov, cKa b a 707W TOVTO a7raCVT 7rpaTTeTra, vluEv9 3 O 5O' ECVEV6EvepLOLpEVoLb Kab t.rEpLt?7phIE7LCVO 7Xr7zra7a Kat a0VlciaXjov l E V7TrIpE7OV icab rpoJorlc79 hepe 7eWeV1l7F0e, aJrya7r'Vre ea/r /eTaet3o)t~ OEcoptlcco' V~ttVv q 8oq8pO'/lta 7Te`l+C*)o'LV OVTOL, acab 70 7TraVYT/) avopeto'raTov, TOWv vperepov aVToW Xapwv 7rpOO-0(,eXETIE. Ob 3' Ev a7cvp T7 T'oXeb KcaOetptaVrTE v/Las e7raTov7tv E rr K 7 ov"o, oTaS,. O VT' 32.EOLTb 8T 08VE7TOT, oaL at, pa Ica vEavlKov Opov) ya ka,3etv 1tuKp Ka6 icavXa 7rpaTTovTaS' o7ro a'TTa ytap \ I I T,\., aV a T T7vvL E ll7rLT VihaTacTcv aVLPL7rCV 7, TOOWO7tV aOVacyfq TCa ~ ~popvqa eeGVM TarTa0 pa 7r7v /nlW'rpa, ovlc av tavtiaLcaO'le, EC pIetI(O)l'v TOv 7)T ELO L7b 7E7o0 Vrap vtLwv 3pxafl77 TO ) 7rE7roerOLKOT6)0v avTa r7eveJOa' ov'e rT\ap 7rappjFcaa TrEpb 7ravTrYo aEL 7rap Uv-l c'rTlv7,'XX 60oye o0t Icab VVv 7ye7ove Oav/ac',o. (3) OAYNOIAKOY P. 31 Eav OVIJ aXXa arva v 7 3TL w ctaXayE'vTee TovTv WTWV 33,eoc&v EOEX1$o-q7e o-TpaTevEco-Oal e Kal 7rpaTTetv a6iws vjpov avT7oV, KCal rTavs 7rcEptoLov alc Tra9 OLKO6 TraVcratt CTO-oV co avEpTL'AOtvaTaob, XIEtEXOV X b Ka'r apLEc/a OT07Tr2ea ToZ eiXo0 T'rL a eoap'\ TrY tap,,v CTalOV M)oKhaOt'Oi'kt Cas yEa 7p OU7 1TlbUVlt) o-6]/aro aw7L'aw, OUa a J o,,,, roJaVTa ew7TV OCIETE) CE`etav O [etl/COP T'tap/Cw, oV'/ 5 Jl,! o ^ a )'e1 ^ a7rorazvad ay'ort 7wrpTTv Cppa ao evr TavTa' r'qV ~.N I~ Io'X \.~~~, I. ~e I I. I 7r0cTavpCTov pTouTv 8OEt' 8ta Oav vO ravrp otavov, a. 88 OVEcOVV'r /DbS f90(opa2 Xers; )ttlare I 34 7ae'ravpaxpr]/c/ ryte t-vrvp ajv VTa ar v, c:V ay LVG> 70V Issvv ^ e 7 X an/p ha/3sCrsev, orov o fobfT ~.ro 00' v 7rapxot. "E~V-vPaiWft 7T TOtOVTOV OLOV a a vv; pawLTr \ c / \ ol I m er avro v7rapXv avro Twv aVTIV ToVcTov Xw/aCOv, (03 VEP ECT7Lt 811bIJao ve7rEp 7Tn"S qr7pO os.'ECTr, 7Tts et Xt/ct\ala rl/hk~v; f10a OVTOI a7at/c0 o PVV Xayjt)av aav OfC C 6 7a'T' Jv 6t'- -r~c Xa/iavET 7r'VT CoOpo')V Kal LOufcc2'a Xprn?rpdTTCe00at.'OMa KE ov31' 35 nX' r'' ^'/'s~ a'ex0V OVTE 7T rpO'OC (? 7orXov CaPWV,' q)v 7 arpLav a'Vev ao uZV ClTaov T ya7yov TaoV 7rogpv TOT aT vW 7o0/ Xarw Lv, TO oropaTCvce0at, TOV &3ICaa'r' VT'TOO 7rOLE'tY TovC' O' 32 AHMOZOENOY~ OAYNOIAKOZ r. (3) KaO'?)XL/ctav ekafftaroS ot cKa, OTOV eCaLtpO9 6ca, TaLv. 7rot7juaS'. OV eUTLV O~V pLq 8 7OtLOV"OLY E7N a Tt ov 7rTOOVPTWlC ELWrrO1J JS &eZ i)'etV, ove av'ovS CEV apTe' cat CXoXa'CvC Ka a7ropetv, 07T ae Ot TOV &Wo9 VCW Eo~t, TavTa 7rvcO'woaveOaa TavrTa yap vvVb rylJyveTat 36 Kat oV%6 z E/oia TOV5 7 T~OtVY7PCTL T 8O V V7-p V/ILwv, aXXa KICal v.a, v7rep v/uoJo avTOmv ac2t, 7]paTTetV TavTa Ec OtS ceepovu TqL1r Ce, Kcat lis1 7rapaXwcpeLv, Ct aivpes'AOqvapot, Vr Ta6E 0J9, qVv oc 7rrpo7ovovL 727 apET9 /IerT a TroXXoWv cKa KaXcv )CwVtv I r KT17TCoa/LEVO Eca7-EXt77o. ZXfeOov Jepnca a vot' o O 0v[/epetv V/LeI& o oe o Tt Kat 7/T 7rTX' E KCa a7rao''vroV0eEu v/Wi,utEXXe&. 4IIMO. 0ENOTV KATA A IAI HHOT A. 40 Eb V rEp& IcatvoV TLVZo ypatyaro9'fTpOV7LO7T0, I T.V fLt0OOTtOeZO Yct/o 7YV a7reWTrjtaPoT, EL fitEY?7pcEOe T, tOL TO)V V770U TOVT)v pOcTwrov, qovXtlav av qyov, eL be 1 —, TOT a avVTOa EorEtpJmpoV a 7t-y1vwcYKo XEd7ELeV 7TET8)q 8E v7rEp COV 7roXXat9L elpwKcaotv OVT0O 7 pOTEpOV uv/3oaLVEb CKat PVUY pctOWEtv, y7OVtat Kae TfrpcoTO9 avaorTat e6KoTOs av 7v7yryWftl.ys v'yXavet. E yap CEc'roV 7rapeX7XvOo pTxpov'pov ra ESov'Ta o rTO Cvve/3ovXcvo-au, ovev auv vftas VVV eSEL /3OVXEveo-0at. Upt -ov ftEr) OVIv OvfC aVt anpvE9,A0/tte otr, 2 wTo~'rapoVat 7rpat/akOtv v,o 8e Wravv avC exetv;oKceL. 0 7cap eCTL XeLPLOaTO avTcoV CEc ToV 7rapeXqXV00T'oS XpOOV, TOVro 7rpO9 Ta E'X-XoVTa 13EXTLUTov vvrapXEt. T/ OVV CTb TOVTO; OT Ov'c, co ppES''AOrvaaot, T'VW 0oe7Trov'rOtOvvPrTov vKT OcaOcV 9rpa7yLtaTa eet, e7reL T0 EL 7'rcavO' a 7rpo'cYce 7rpaTrTOVTCI) OVTCOS 6LXEV, OV a' eX7rv?7v avra )8EXTr(O 70v7Y O70~eL3xev, oa 34 AHMOOENOY (4) O3 eve0at. "EmreTa e'Ov1pJovq' 7a) K ap' AXxrwv'fco rieP(7 co,, j~)7~v KY, rap XXov ov0tl Kab T0Lo eltOol'v avTo s avalcajrLV7otKcoLeoEot% X, 9lctKv 7oT' exovTomV Uvvapjuw Aaxe6atpovlav wV, po: ov p' " roX;Vs, s KaXcoJs' Kat 7rpoo'lXovTros ov&V eavov vtLE earpaTwre Tr' 7roXeeS, aXX v7r'e/elvaTe V7rEp TWv 01, Kalov 7Tor 7pop0o eceLOVS' 7 oXe /ov. TivoS ov eCKa, 41'avrT'a Xeryo; /Iv' e2r'e, o av;pes'A Onvatot, Kta6 )! - ~t. ~ a, \ Oteao-qro-Oe oT& o1V OVT'v Ve' fvXTTO/cl- oL9 U4 ECTC (f.)O/EoT, av oLYooprOe, TOLOVTOV OLOV av ve/ /OvXvtqOe, vrapalte/tao' Xpo/leVot.t 7T077 Tore pI/7 7T0 AaKcat1kOtL vLov, 7S EicpaTr676e CIC TotO) 7rPEXC TOLS ~7rpa7[Laol rov vovv, pca2'ry vv ZJIJpel TOV7ov,' )v TapaTro1J6eOa etc TOv /JtE)V bpoVTEV eV cpq'v. 4 Et 3e' tFg Lm&ht, Ct) a;vopeg'AOva'aOt,'vo7'roXe`T7rov oMeratv O? Xt7)To elvat,.TKo7rPo)V To0 e 7n-XiOo9 T vqrapoouv7o avr? OuraFe/a.le Ka'b T0 a %e opa'7a vTa a'noXoXe'vaL'v,'dXt,, o pOw tev oterat, Xo craOo e'~vroC TO', O'.t efob d` ore t'AOyUI7o.~ eo0Ve vVrore 7~el, 6t avope~'OvaLot, HIlSvav al HFlortltav KaN MeOWvv ca N 7rWvTa TO? TO7rOv TOUTOV OtKEcOV KKVX, Kab 7roXaov ~TOMo JeT EKEWLVOJ VVt 0VT(Av? Eovcv aVtrovo-ovulevL ecaa eXXeUVEpa XaGeLVO oy 7 TOXELLCL ELTTL?)AOqvaltoL eXovA E7TvTEtXeo7LaTa Trq aro Xcov pag o p?7fL o: eto ra cveatdxTv, otUev a'v owv tvvt 7re7rotl)Kle Errpatc', ov8e o-av'77)v ErKTI77 enaaT. tx upat'' aUU 8o'W~pe -'A - (4) KATA DIAITIITOY A. 35 vatot, Tovuro KcaNXo EceLevoS, oTr Travra cv EcrTtv avrapTa Ir Xwpt a a Tsv ovi 7roI v ImKetkelevla ev /xec-rm, ovoet 8 VWrapXe& To(S 7rapoiv.o T( T(1), ac7rovT71v icat T0L;vSE OeXovIo-t 7rOEl1 icat KClp8VVEVU'EV Ta 01 atkEXOVVT6V. Ka' 6 Tap To V TavTqp7 Xp"alevo r0 y yv o" q7ravTa KareOaTpa-, ~ e p e t,?rTat icat eet, q&Ta per eo av eXoov t eXOt qroXe/lp, Ta 4'2 e o-v/,/aXa ica bta 7rovcrapevoosx Kcat yap oVtl//axEv GKa& 7nPOGEXEV 0TV1 VOV)V TOVTOt E LV a7TaVT7E, av op ooE 7Orapeor\evao-pevow tcat,rparTeTv eOeXovTa9 a xpn.. "Av TOtV1U, (o a.,pE'AOlvaoto, Icat VtJeFS Ewr T'r9 7 TOtavl79 ErOXcOTPE TererOaL y7ro/l VV, eTv tlretep o 7rpoTrpoV, ical etcao-To0 4CtwV, ov e&Z icat UvvaT av. 7rapaoXet awrov XPlp e ~Lov T7t oXoeL, 0 rao-av a5beL 77;) evtpanctv cEOL[Lo9'n-paTTWV TcpT0m, fE1v XP7ItT r v GobEp106)l,' 8 V iWXucda o-TpaTeveTOaL, - oVV1ECo1JTtL 8' a7rX "Y av'ov VTv W06OaEt Ey1evOa. 6at 7ravxpr >,,rrt^,, oy,\ " q7oy0e avToV utev ovoev ecaCTrOTO 7roolJ-Ev eX7rt'oW, TOP E 7rX'?9(TlO).7ravO v7rEp aVurov' 7rpaeLvY, Ical Ta vUFeTep co.' \ \' e` / avTO)lV KOLeL(to0E, 1av 009 pOeX:, cat a aeppa v Xeva aVtpev'A0?)va aoL, t C C)v 7ravvvv &,covv7ra1 01Ce1t)9 a fEvX KCl'7rav0 o-pa rTEp icaL El) CLXoL9 _,. Ott TO'rWV aUvpO(er o' TtVt, TaVTa Icav TOLe /eLT /,e~V'V Xa' votEtv )veval. K7TE7r7-XE /LEV70TO 7ravTa Tavra ilvv, 36 AHMOOENOY~ (4) OVC EXOPVT adroorpoon'bv 8ta Tqjvv vIe5re'pav 8pauvrqT)a iat paOvlpav, )v 7woO' OctOt 0byii 83bv 3'8h. 9 UpaiTre rytp, (o av~pes'AOqva'oL.,'o 7rpa7y/a, ob 7r-poeXflXvOev aoeGXeta' a'vppco077r, o oV a peotlv V/u OYZ eMt E'V' "7T 0Xyou v7rap'avovs, W,? fw-t, *E/, Katb OV% o0os' E0TI exI a KfaTErTpa7rTaTb 1EWVe Orb TOvT(ov, aXX aceb tTb 7rpoC7xvrepbXXIETao b cal KKrcX 7 VravTa7 C EXXOVras' as 43' 7 n, n9 a( 43 oov7jyaLOL, Nrrd~ever, 0,09 eer 10 Kaab Kace.vLOE`VO EpbVOTOtXterat. HOT ov0,' av3pe'AO7rva7ob, 7TOTE'a Xp! WpaCTEe;'Ewe3av T [ 7crEVTab;'.vEEltaP rq 4' av a OKY, p. Nvv &3 TI Xpq ra rtvPO/Jeva reloJOactL; E76o /etv rap oto/zat T0tS' EXevI,.! \ ~ \! toetpo' [e/boTr']v avayIc7y TI)V vTrep TOWV vrpa/t LaT'oP abUCXVl'7) V e at. H/iOVXeOe, ei/7E LOt, T'EptOVTES auTOv 7TVV0aVEcXOat' A e7Tat l T Kab Yov; rCv`ot.To rap av )T KcaLtootepov r7 Mcace&cov av')p'AOiva/ov? icara7rov/ Xe/.Lvw Kat T v TO' EXXrvov 3LOLKCwV; Te'Owqc,6e L11 Xtwrrwo; OV paA At', aXX' ao-Oeve. Ti 3' U/l 3Labe'pel; Kab 7Yap av OVTOs Tb 7ra`, TXE cs' V'ES' ETepOVp ( l) V 77TOlLTE~cTE, av7roip ovTro 77rPOoEX17Tr, TOas/ pcOju7)V TOOV70V E 7T?7qV7Tab o-ov 7rapa TfrV LL erTpav ~,",,, 12 a/LEXcav. KaLU6 aL TOa TOpO7' eat TT O a'00 caO T rTaIJT TVX17,?Y)pt, 7)?7rep act )3EXTWOV'/ HLS? Wrv)V avUTv (ct6pT,, a CL) T / a7'CVOL -utxov;EtOa, Kalb TovT c apecwtTvo, WffC' OrfTt 7 7-r Ov,LV o'TE, a7l av v oT Tpa7/LyLa-b TErTLapa Eots cMT67avteTl 0E'7M 8otoe toleaa o 3o O, as 8\r viv (4) KATA DIAITrInOY A. 37 XETE, O'8' 8&O&VTOV T' cap^w'AbLrwotv &'`ao-Oat leXt.'c, o8 &ova-oa v Kayo' o 3 &iawOCT8' gi, a7T?1PT?7/ VOL;I 8vvato-O alP a~'qp~'Ltyevot Kat 7atS vapaoKevavs Kac Tav rpoI4avL. 2S 9E OVV 0 E7& Ta J7pooL7CKovTa roev XovTcs 13 a, a p O., a vaoow V7rapXev a7ravPTal eTosl co%, GS EfyvwlcOTwv v KoY tcab 7r67reLbtG/keVoW, wavopLat Xer70cv TOV cTpO 7TO T7' 7Tapaowcevjs qv a7ra XXiaL U av 7(C). TOLOVT7W 7paypLaTCOV f, v I., K 11 I ripovror. aCya9D oLopat, cab TO 7TrXro0 o9 ov, Kat 7ropovp ovo-Ttvas' cOKe 7racpao-Kevao-Oa abt, Kat 8r 7retpapcwo/Laa Ea'rrV, 44 6~eyOeb v/ov, (c.av.pe.'AOrvatot, Too orov. Erewtav 14 a7ravTa aKcovoIpE', KvaTE6, p 7rOpoe, 7 eO rpo aPve 3,'N, ^.oo 7rpo Xa/W^are' e /Lhq W aEv apXq79 ooW Ttvt K EcaLvvJ T7-apa-KVew7lV Xeryewv, ava/aXXetyLv ie T7 7rpacy/aTa 7rye1(0(. O Vyap O, b I I'. O,,1p / TaXV KaELL T7?7/EpOV L7roPTE[ baXbTa Et 3cov Xeryovo-tv (o3 7,p v Ta e 3y e Vvrn/.*a T' vvv2 v-3opqOeta cXvboat a vq0c epqryev), a v T 15 7r-OpO-OeLO-a 7rapao-cevJ KIcab r oo'- 1cab roOelv Lba/Le~at, oV'fe'ETat, ecS9 aUv ) 8aXvcoe0' a?TELBtOE`7TEfo TW 7rOrXe- n r l \, LOP 7 Erpl7EVtEa TWv eX p)V' OT OTO ryCp OVKCTl TOV XOlTOl 7raTaXolietP aV KaKCaO. OLLab TOVV e7yc TaLVTa Xe'1ew C'lXe, [U, ) KOaV(o V E& 7tb aXXo ewray-yeXXe-rai Tb. [b E-L ouv vrooXel', OvVT) fLeoyaXi), T70 E 7rpaypaa'8n ToV A 0 8(TOUVTa, (0e p,'A a o T!'7aU iro y 7OV ~Xe7XOV wo'e~' KpLraL ~ VjLD 6E"60'6. IIpO)rov) [bEV 7OVV/ ) avv vopev Aqvaot, Tp r[p(ep 16b 7rez-rj7ifcPra 7rrapa-cfevac-aorOal ftt 8eb' \ clT aVTOU?'A OV7T) Ta9 7Pop/ta9 eXelv 0, E Tb e, 7'XeVLTTOoV eb9 4 38 AHIMOSOENOY2 (4),, e, TravmTa T avrot ep/3ac-t. L, po9 8'e TOVTOL, TotLs nT/Uto(7eb T,cY Lt7rEaW, TrTrayl7oovS Tptrppe tS icaa 7rtXoa'tcaa eCT17 pEcroLat KEXEVc. Ta'cTa 1e&V otat atBL V7&(:pXv c7rb,',I ~ ~ e N I Tac E~ctatpP S TVwaS tW7O 7r97 OKLcetCa XcolpaS aCVTOV o7paTElaS ESt HvXagS Ka XppoOv o'ov Kca "OXvvOov Kat 07rot /3Ov0ETatL' & a )f /ap cElUVt 7TOVT0 E) 77 yv/P7 77apaO-T970a~^) c~ V[LE5 EK 7E9 75' aXEL TavT975 7r75 ayav, (Jo-qrep c5 EvU3iotav catab 7TporTpov VOTE ca5cv evS''AX apTov ica; T a TXUTaLa Y 7 ) ElvXa,9l) ELI av ~s ep ~ra~re. "''''' 18 opft97OatTE. OVTOL 7WavTEXO)5 o38. ELL 7rot7tOCtatT av 45 TOVTO, (5 E7E tv, evcara, povrqTov ETWV, d7'a TO Y V 0oov eT6&0, eVT7p67o-, oVla ('E'e'Ta yap caKpco t p, t Ot 7rav, ea yyeXXovPTCe eceV o are, etu'o o ov *. * 7rap TvmCOZ avTWrv TrXIOV', TOv I3OVTO'>) &YvxLav eX27, 7 7rapt8Ov rCavTa a(LJXafKTO' AXq, /8ev7oV OPT1os v77(ro'cv 7CXeLV E7Lb T9)V EKcelOV Xwpav eUV, EV( C Kcapodv. 19 Tav^Ta'LEV E10v Ttv a 71at 86(8"O0abt Of-q'2 8t'V fCa' -apCKvtdO-Oarpoa-7TO ceKt OL/tat 7rpO ~TO VTOW 8ua-.[v Ttva, co avSpeC'AOqpvatot, 06t& 7rWpoeXCtploao'Oac 8eLV v~l/aLS, 97 0vvPCXec' 7roAe/7re C KtIal lca(c2,( Wece5'ov 7rot]O-et. 7 -o o zvp/ovs / &yOr8 lvpt'ovF' xEVOVv, I/%6L TeaS E7rLTO'LXLOvatv'rav TaVT 8vvCaleL', aXX' 9r 7 roXe7 o 3 IN c r/ A AX A - w\ > be^, EvoTat, Kae vlCLo eva ihav 77-xIlOV? icav Tov &lva Kcav o rp/av o, /o OPTVOVVe XCtPOTOP?:97TE CTpaT?77OP, TroVT 7WetCTaL Icat aCOXOV0l(Y7et Ka. K& pocqv j'avvy Tropo-ab KEXvO. 20 "EOTa& 8( aVeT9 Tt;' 97 upall? Kicai 7ro7'v, Kat 7wrOev T9V (4) KATA $IAIi YOT A. 39 Tpo 1v, eeVt, Kcat rwS' Ta/7T' eOeXrOi'ee TOLCeV; YE7o Kct& OW(O"' T 3 I,Pacr, e cad xc os ot t Lyv Xc'ryca -L~r j / rJo17T0Lr1J 1 o7TE o X arokLclS v./Las g 3XareV (waVT& EXaTTO) VO/LTOVTES' elt TOV EOc'TOS', Ka~ Tr AL E7VOT Ev To0Ln to1LbaoLv atpov/uevoL, E7rT Ta) 7rpaTTeLZv ov er 7a pCtP 7'TOlElTe ), aXXa' a, LcKpa TOLt-av Es Iatl 7rOploavrTES. TOV7TOS' T'pOCTtOLET, 1av EXarC atvTat, - Xo aqr TovS wravTctS oTpaTrLTaS 21 8oLxtXi`Ovs, lTOV 7OU' E'AOSva'ovs fqbiitt &LYv elvat 7rErvTa/ v e, e ^,,,,,, ^ KCootOu9 cf rL aV TtPO? V/IUV nXlKla9 caXoS exel (So, Xpovov TafKTcrO o-TpTevo/LEvovs, /L7 /Latcpov TOVTOv, aXX oOOv av 8oy caXKcLX xetlv, reK 8ta~oX3-s aX-XiXots T!ov' 46 8' a'XXovovs EPOV EPat KEXEVO. K /at /LeT 7TOVTWV tLr7r7ac &aicootlov?, EcaKL TOVTCO)V 7rvTrEfKcovTa'A OYvatovs TX,! ~! x,, \'" PTO;vaX I OV~, (U7wO-rep TOUS 7rE'Ov, Tov avTov Tpo7rov oTpaT7evo/tevovs" Ka* t77 7r7rawy0o v' roVTOLS. E Tev' TI 22?rpo TOVTOLs eTL; TaX'eas T 6pl7peLS &Kca. e p, e/e 1 / - 1 / ef (Yr(S' acTpai vvauLS' 7rXEp. 110(EV 0r1 7OVTTOV S r1, Io-4axI;' / POvK yem 7 vvf/ w; E7 y 1? opto cat Zvra/lu 7p1? Ketwo 7rcpa-, Tra\o/jA2q/v, aXXat Xqo-7-t,6TEv aaZ7Ky-,q Kat /v- /o-nou~v T77'0)K TrTv.k Hdl T/0t 7^\'Tll 70XELOU Xpo~7JOCb TI)v?! Tp)T7V v otvv V7WEPO7KOv? al/I (J0(S 7Ta OV CoJTPL T UO00s' o&e T>pOl)), OVE 7 -aTEXO)u62O avT'qe (v' 7a ^' ^v Too-a'VT! er, G azopes A~ r7Xatob) O aurat o7L 23 OVfG evL UVV r]Y,~v Lop~o'ao'ae BVva/xGv vXv /EceIVT qTapa 40 AHMOSOENOYS (4) Ta7reltv)v eLVat, 8e. IOlVTa 8E 7rwapetva~ icat (TV/rTNEUv ta T"raV'Ta KEXEV0, OTt Kca& 7pOTEpOV 7troT COVct.) ElUCKO rTpe'dpwV ev Kopl.vOp 77r,7v TOXLV, 0V HoXvo7paTo9 TYe7to Kca' ILCpa'Tl icZa Xa:Pi'aU icat aXXot 7TtvU, Kt av'rov"9 Iclbe/ pavw Ka~ Xafip fa~ t ca X 24 vlkag o-uo-Tpa7CcvcrTd a'' Ica\b ola aclicovtow okv oAa0 caa[lOV[OV 77rapaTaT7roltevot I.LeO' VL Wv ec Eclcov o'ro6t o0t:Vo Kcat vILet [e67 EKeCLUOt.'E: o' aT c KCaO av'7 7C. tevLKa _Vkl -7TpaTEve7at 70TVS- (/)Xb v Pv c Iucat Toov9 aV/ XLCOV9, o, o ( Expo( [tciov9 T 8 fv7o cyovaoL'Y. O a;VIOLik V( TOV'OPO' Kat 7rapaKcv-JravTa E7r& TOr 7o, 7Tr0Xe6 7roXe6hoW, -rpos'Aprac3aa'ov ca, 77ravT7aX0oL /taXX0ov o0Xerat 7rXeor)ra, o 3e,TpaT6 yo09 aKOXOVOEb, e6'co-07r0) 0 o yap earV apXev 4? [U( 3O)1Tvra Io-J00v. 25 Ti ov KeXeLo; Tas vrpo d'cet d9 aeXeLv Kca( Tov) orTpaT7yo0V Ka, 7'cov rTpaTL'to)TWv, ktao6rOV WTOplcav7ac Kca. o-rpaT7L7ra 0oLGELOV9 (-7Trrep 6erorrasC 7v1)v v7pavT717OVeL'troV 7rapaicarao-lr- C'avra), eTre vv 7,e 07/ew eo0 XpwecOa To'T 7rpaTy/fartv. El rap CpoMro v7( v/Ia9, E prjv7 v acye7e, w a vSpe6'AOq va)o; Ma IA' OvX 7] jtet9 7e, ertOLT ay, aa, X7rw7r ro Xe2G6 koVlkfev. OVKc EXetpOTOve676e (6E E V(mv avTOrv (SEKa 7a-:tUlpXOVU tcat o'Tparilyov9 K/at (VXa'pXooV Ka'l tLTapXov, 8vo; Ti ovP OVTOL 7rr0t0VLVt; Htx7v ei09 avrpo9, ov cav f7lrE 6 T7Ol 70) 7X6rxeLOv 06, XoiLrot TaOP 7m0"7Ta'D 76/E1o7i-OVatV V/ V /iETa TV 70v lpO7TOWO, WO7rep ynap o0 7X(L'r7TTOVTE 70TV9 7r7iOlXlOUv, 6e 7r)v ayopav Xepo7ro0vere TOv) 7-a4t:pXov9 K/at 702ovS (vXtpXOV9, Ovic' 7r ~ To 7ro/X (4) KATA ~IAIl1OY~ A. 41 AwOv. Ou yatp EXjV C A, Tt"pXOV'S 27 ex f:, p) e a vvaw, 7qTap V/Lro, t7rrapXov rap' vLW WP apXo0Va~ OLKELOUv cLvaL, tv' nC w a~xOv T'l- 7rOXdoSkeco d (vv~cajL; 1AXX' et, trE A jpVO T'OV 7rap' vci2 VLO7 l7T7-pXoX Mt 7-XEtEvlJ, TOC';~rep'rcv'rS''rodhca'czqrshcl-cov'yoC)7Jl50Hv' ZlEUE (S7cp TOWdV Tq 7roXeCoo KT5'rpal'TOV a7o(ov['oEVov McvJXaov t7r77apXetv; Kal ov Top apv/pa oleevo0 TavTa (, a v VIM0 epov elvat TOVT V, X/yc, adx' vb' v&cov ~'eE, ICEXElpOT~OV5peAVOV aC TOVTOlJ, 0-TtLS av ). "Io-S S e Tvava T p 0V opOOS rj17etcrOe XcB/E7cOat, To'e 28 XCPv Xp9r7l/TWV, 7ioo -ca Ka 7ro0EV ECYTaL, /LaX-Tfra'oOeTe aKcovcat,. ToDTo cnj eCaCl 7repatvcco Xpj aTao TO7VUV, CTL [EV ) TpOr)T, CtTS7pEL-OV T) OVaclbC TavUT,), TXaVTa EVEVflKOVCra KIl IKpO TOIU T 7 rpod, (c'a pEr vavlo 4s Taxeatl TeTTrrapaKcoPTra TXavTa, elcoo'ty CS, T, v pavp [-Cvab Tov Jvivo0 cEKCaCTOV,,TpaTcWiaT ECOc9 C jXt0It' Tro.aiDO erepa, w a 8( Kaa TOV /VVOS O C0rpaT7cr7Tl (Spa.XILaq o-'TrlpE0-oov Xa/,L/3aY, o Tgt'' V I 5' ~~e~oz', TOs 8 t7r7rT'cb &IaKOO'tOlt ovctv, ecav TpCKOVTCta paxta'S eCKcaCrYTOS' a/fi alP vo7 rq 70?O, &SoOSEKa TrXavTa. Et rts otS OLeTra /llcpav 2s aqbop1.,Pv Eclal, otIT'rpE'IwOV TrO;' o-TpaTECvoEVo S? v7r1apxet, oMKc OpOS et7Vrocev' EylO) yap o7Sa cap& 07Tt, TOUT av t \' \ ) \ \! Tov 7ro~eH~ ovoEva rcxv ( 7 v v vo Kov vo'VJXUOTAV, 71-T V E. eXWq. H11OEV OVV O 7o1`pOS fTW Xp?)1/taT6V, a 77,ap V-m eCXCEVOu 7qcvcE'0, TOVT' (rov )o) Xeao I 42 AHM020ENOY~ (4) HOPOT AIHOAEI3IJI. 30'A izov i p,,, & vpcF 5AOqpva'o, vv j cOa E;PfEl, TVrTa EvUo EtNrv 8 ErLXELPOTOP7TE T(as eN A,^ ^, / / *s \, Yrcqtwo~,as av avt,/v ape6rCr XEtPOTOP7jECTe, ra / /popov 7voo/~a,,', * ~tLXTwr77, aXXa Kiat T09" Ep7OLv.' if 1% 1, ica6'i JXq7S, 7 Trapacercevr /3ovXevO-aJerO, et ToV TO7to), tov a AOpes'Aoyvao, r x vr?olJ V roXEE&tre, Evlv)rO VL'h) O caE VXoTyEaoe OTaL Xrov irrtevtxaOV ca TabS pats Tov'rovS va 7roa qrpoXa/L3arwv 8mar'par32era t. Le qrTro o vv Ta' l cvOlVv' o' ov' " o/ 0' o - OGeat& 7roXcEp (v repTEptov/L6v 7ap a7rcrWvOP), aXXa 7ra- 49 pacE-v vXe ica vv.'TpXeL' X PaOk vqWoa, ecat ale T7rapXe 8- v/zev Xet aM s XlPv 9pyOat Tb z8vva/leL A V/p KIca &aoa'o Kab K~taO? /ca} TLS' El TovTrcO rO 7i-w v9)ot9, fe atqo Kab XLht-eVelE cat 7LTO Kal a Xp? O-TpaTev/laTt 7ravO ~,, -! x -}'! (! \f v7rapX~E t 7q1jV copav rTOV Eovs, OTe icat 7p`osl' T^r avT, o TW,,, yEl)OaL X(ovpa Kab Trpo 7-o3 rvev/a-w aTDopCaXe%'rnoa6 pa&'colp ooTat. 33 "A JfuIE OV) XprlaceTraL Kat 7rdOTe T &vva//eLt, 7rapa Tov Icatpov o0 TOUTrOv Kcvpto9 rcaa-Tao- vzf v/xol)v /ovXevJe-'ral' a' v7rap:aL 3E&,rap' VCt)., TaVT crOTLV a Ero (4) KATA $IAI IHOT A. 43 ryE7pafca. "v Tavra, o a~V8pe''AOlva'oe, TropO')Tre vTa 7t T!Xp7l1raTa 7p7' -ova Ne-/0, E Kaa rab TkXXa "apao-leva oavTes,, ToVu OTpactfTa%, Tas T'rpeep% ToVu 777rrea?, Ev7P-eX7 warCTy viv OVVaiLV KvTa' rXGT6 tt T 7roX Eto e1EwV, TOV pEv XpVT1Va' AVT06 Talka ab rop-IrTat yt7vdO/eivOtZ, T7v 1e vpawewv 7rapa'TOV oTpaT-yOV TOP Xoo dyo YT1o70V7E, 7raucrO' act 7wrep, 7T0V avT7) f8ovXevotecvot Kab 7rXcop ov OVE 7FLOtV^VTE;,:al 7T' 7Trpo TOUT) 77pc()TO /.EV, Cd av6pe'AOVatoL, TOPv UEfyT(70O' TCOV EKCElVOV ropr)V a(Jatpr-flOe-e.'Eo7- 1 OV7oS Tt7;'A&r 7 (0) V /LTEpTwv1 VI1'V 7roX6/[I6 uvcqawv, (po K6 (!EpWov 7T0p S 7vTrXOva TTC,' OaXaT a"'"E7rwcTa T7 7rpo9 TOVTrv; ToO 7rao-Xclv aVTroo Kacacon E) "yev-)6 OUTO acreO, vx OcTa po p 7ov01 wapeXov vna XpOvov ELvs Oa.ov1 IcatL I~ X63po1o vf/aX0 alrJpaExwOv9 ro 7TaO s UiLeTEpovs Txer eYXaz, w'po? 7r Flepato-7ro Ta 7rwXo'a cvXXaov av0Tr7a Xprn/ar' e-'eXec, Ta TCXeuTata ELa' MapaOeova 50 arE/9y icat 77/V LEpav a7ro 7a7t / P9 X7 XO pr ICX ~Xwpa01 T r exov Tptajpn, VIle't 0) OVTE TavTa.,vvagOe K(0XVlcV OVT ES TOVS' XpOvOVS OVS aV wrpo6,o-oe /3o/eOW.. KaeTO T';r1 7TOTE, CO avY(peS AOrlvaao1, o/ere 71 3 lava vav 71'la Oa EOP7 ca) a'Iv r\ v LOUOvVLOVcP aet rov /caO7rcovro~ XpoVOV. ylyvfcrab, a'^ re l ac 1 KOJICOTO PVOV 7, 7vc-,Oat,,V TE 1wo2 XaXOCLV at v Te ~1LoTaL 0o eTOV70V EKarTEpe(v erleXo evo, A ty A ) 9 / / tt ) II. ~! evs a TocraVT ava(XrKceTalt Xprl/.aTra ooa o0uo' c ElvaL T70 a7ro0TTro00V, IIta TroCoTov oXXov Kcai 7rapaicevrlv oov, 0 VI c) ov! o T^, T' 8) a r'T 0(72' 01K o E Tb 70)1' (aTr1PT0)' 0eb, TOyS O3 ((O(T0 44 AElMOOENOYI (4) Xovu9 7vrupaT V?-vt VeCTa pCfLtV TCOV IcatlpcJ, Tov cEl MEO(;36 vV7, Tov E t, ITa7aao-ao, Tov Ecs HoTiatav;'OJT& ce7epa cx!! - - c!'! Lcv Pa77raTra voPo' TErralcraL, KatC 7pOO&o) 8Ep e/carToS' Vov CK 7roXXov [t' Xopi7-ol 741 uIvpauapXo' T" OvX%, 7r07oe cat rrapa ToO xcat T1 Xad8OJTa -T Te'rrolfEv, ovaeyv avc6EtETao-ToP OU..aOpc.TOV Eo.V TOo eXg/7'va, evT CV TOtS, arEpt TOV 7TOXE/J"OV KaC T7 TOV7OV 7aPa(YKev?7 cTa. a/cKCO/Eloae L ta TPLtpaPXoVze' KcarltCTa.uev Kai ToVTOL9 aVT'to-ecL 77rotovzeOa Kca 7repPt Xpi7CaT)P 77'ropov 7'c0o7Trov'tEv, Kcat teTa ~TavTa, ealPatVev To, /ov t OVe-oO eoo0e Kca TovS' Xcpt? OLCKOVTa%? eLT aUVTOvUS' o TaLv a"rTe/1/ttSL~~, 7,' e v o(rco,ra —rt /acUV, Cr Ev o'oOY TaaVTa,E"XXeXrat, 7rpoa7roXwoXEv -ro 37 avia eKrX7eXW/ev' 7 Tov ap Tov 7rpTaTTretV Xpovov CbS -~'o r'apacrxeva~I~'aeo-Oat a'aXlGKO/Lv,''\' To 7TCL~Erapaf-KfCeva~fEaaJt-o/iaev, o, LV O v TVqrpavy-caTW0l OV ~LE OVOL CKCLaPO T7v)?7LfETepav I3paVTTrTa icpab ElpCVeta7.`As 8e T-oPv ETCraLu Xpovov ZvvaetLSt otodficEO?vuv v7rCtpXELt, ovoev oa T ovat 7rohv e7r au-Tonv TOV KCLLp )V cL EeEXOvTaL. 0 ( 6 V T?0 v/3B 5 EX76XVZPUCV C)(O7 E7TctY'TEXXElv EV/3oeCvcLLv'Jq roTaVTas EHIXTOAH. 38 TovZTcw, C6O a'v(SpcE'AAOvaLot,, TOWv ave7yvwClewvC aX?71,CIJ, er rat TrroXXa, Co? oS c e'eC, ov O1Kv AV,o'coS oV, IiEa EOvVEL'AXX' eL, o'a aV TL?'VVC7 T(p' Xo pto,'va IZ l Xvwnioly, cKa TEra 7rpcaylara (4) KATA,IAIr IfTO1 A. 45 V7rEpflo-fTa, &et 7po0r 27l/or8V)) 8,q77o/qpEtv et b 2] TOw Xo0'wyowv dpt aV /-LU]/ vrpoo-lKovo-a, "pY >1qlyka /7yYerat, atoXpov eo-rLv, co avBpeS'AOB,3vaaot, O EaKe EtY / \ (1 s CavUTovS, cat a7raVT ava[aXXqo/l evov? a' av v7 ovL'Xep9 77'LLT0 V-TEpct7vEo TV)) EpYeov, Icab /]8(EC TOV7O 8 v7aoOat 39 fLa0EWv Oot MEb TOVS( OpO' 7W01 hCXDe/) XptCohevovT Ov/C aCOXovebv TOES' wpcabytao-, c aLXX' avTOVS' q4twpooOcy Jvat Tov. 7rpa71c- TTop, Kat TO) avToz' TpoTrov )7rp.. c(TpaTEv1,taTw)v LatO)IEL 719 Ca)'TOP.0TpaCTq770)) ]7Et(TLOctt, OVT) KaL ToV 7Trpa7YyCaTC6V TOUVS /30VXEV0/EOOvS'', L) a aL,. \ ~ EEptvOLS' 00K0, TaV7a 7rpLTTqTaL Kabt ffl)q 7( - (vY[vI 7Ta avay7c/aoovTa &OICet. CLES A, pes A Vaot, 40 7rXrEtTLV U/ va'tv aCraVTC)V eXOVTES', Tp7tLpES, 77rXITaS, 1r7rTEaS, XPlaaTwct)V 7rpoo0-00v, TOl"TO0)lv 1I-V -EjXPI 72?;' T7'Ep O /tcpaS OV 6 7r)aO'7 Et' Cpa OPOV T7 KEXP'r o, oTv r a'r7OWET,7Te cr-ep 06 TapVapot 7rV/CTVOVc-v, OJ7-Tfo 7r-oXE/eL7T6 PXlIrW.C) Kab rCyp CElO O 7rTXryetS at TS' WrX?7/rr e'era' ot, y eTepeoe vaTLraS, eKL XLYceaP EWaY %epES * 7rpO/c5XXB AE(at 80 2? E'Lv evavrIov OVT Ka0 VI(S ELV)) EV 41 52EaVppOVLILl)OTJCl) Xt)(7 7etOee. Ka,, V/L 41tS', E-Oe, eIav )) E) HvXat, eEKee, eaI a\XoO[i rot, o'vt/7rnaTa a' / "'' e paeiTe a) aeTO', fKat TrpaT 7eOE' [EV VT; EKEWVOV, 3ef3ovXVCo-0e 8( ov8\Ev av'7TO&b oYVltLEpO)o WEpt TO 7TOXE(LOV, o p 7o 0co 7 pV 7TpLt7LTarov vWpoopaTe Ov ev, 7vptLv av 7E7E7v?7LEVOv 9) tYCV-VOft.l)O TI'7TyvOITOe. I TLI 9 T, \ Tlj Tavra 8 tuctn 7rporepop Y Iv clv - vvv 8e c7r av,-rqv 46 AHM02OENOY2 (4) 42 rl/eL?ri O5c, OT 6 ICE 7171) aK/Li?, JT ovKgeT cTX6)Pc. ZoeL 8e' 1aot OcoIhv tus, o av(3pcs'ArOyaoot, 7ro 771o/JEVOL VW7rEp 71'7roXeos' ao-xvot4epvos'7rv ctXor'pa7,a/oo-uvvnr TavT7fu e/3a-Xewtv ~7,rZCe. E, Tyap eXo0v o KaTecrrpa7rratL ca 7rpoeftX7 cv,1 *uXv eXev 2OEX;E Kat /V1E e7TpaTTeV erT, a7roXp'7v eE1toL9 vthLwV av IO.o, oOKxeLt, cwv axuvqv" Kai acvavplav Kcat 7vacvTa 7ac actGXLJTCa co/x7coKrES av /Jevp 8 lrazocr ~ vv t~' ereX7Wepo)v aet TwLVL KEC TO ) 7rX~eovos' ope, oeWvo n aovis' av lccaxe'aX a vOtasF, e7rep pIj 43 7r'aT7araratl a7reYv1oKare. OlavtaCwO 8u E7wycy, cE at' (Ir 11 f n ) ^ / 1), I c I. it Zets' zVz,LTuT EV0UV1OadTat z7ilr ipY7'cTaa, Opcv, w Cap(pefS'Ai7Yato, T171v [jEv apxn?)v TOV 7roXC"hLov 7E7Er17q1%uEr7 Fept TOV Tt/LGp lo-aO-Oat PtXL7T7O1, 771) 86 TEUXEVT?7) ovaz "J78737 v7r\p TOv /.q 7raOELV KaKOws vITO vtr L7TtOV.'Axx"a' 1 OTt 76 0?) OV T7(GTETat, (3exov, et,'u lr/S K(0XVO-EL. \, \ / \ \ \ EtTEa TovT avact[LvOvuLev, Kat T(Jp1pE6L? KcEa1s Ka6 TaS' \!!,cs. *. x Tracpa Tov EvoS e (asa a7 TocEL E, avT e7eU v Tepov; OIC E7r T771 E'aeatOV 7XEvro-, veOa; J? oIeeo v'-rpOfopltoJLEa; Hpc'Jota. E'pioe ra o-apa,;9 31 0 &I ) A ^ 7( \ eEO)cT a(c3pe a Apes' V!otl vT(V ElCivov 7rpa7eaTCOv aVToq o 53 TrOXE/JO9,.a1 E7rtXctpoL v e a / LE,)TOL KaOO'Ea,, co O XOt8opovel v'a)LlcoVOTeS Kat''XX- "1Xov3 rr)v XEyoP7ov, ouOa7,oT ov;Ocv I7/v o0) L\ 7E;O7at 7C: V1 60' - 4a 7T.o O7rO /ep ryap a(1, oiat, /- epo5' To 77arb 7XOv e6s' ,"/) KATA IAIAfIIIIOY A. 47 o-vvpa7roo-TcXy, Ioc-v KLya 7o-a, icat'to TOwv OC6cOv ev/.ecve? 717,kOK. aw 7\ 1>,63L~v EXOpO6 KCLTca7yEXOXTL, ot 36 aU/4fLaX0L''vrpSata wcl'O'o- /3OXov4-O'W ~EofOab ['EOTOa / 7ce6, o 1 TO O 3e cx CPo aVTXL avOaa KCw, TOP 3e avp EaTU T' 8e *`ryae ro/,a Tovc'ovg a vroag aroovg. Or rp e? TLcr'E, oc TCrpcltv yeo aoLvov ]t a To ore 7-vO, ol 3'.,rpa "av Tfelj rpat;'rpoas x vjwtas ty vop PeaL 3/mo 6xvaOc c-o-, lE5LE? 3'/o ~de cov av a'o5yE 0'T a TVX~TE 74aTtzwraf7GE 70TI X1 7Tprpo-3OfaP;;' z 8' 1AOiqva~O., TO (11)70 awo3EIY ae No-Tpa7w 1 -A: TOW oTp ar))y,/LaVCO ICC, e -TS O1,K!cL o cV -t aoO eo a. OVT O/, aX TO' (Uo 64 TaOoV 77pavc aVTOsa'a EKOVTWrov [EOVE )a7paV TIav K(aO ucsp~rvpas vcv Irpv Lyov vxv SA6 ocK6',raOVTax vcl CcDIJ) Cxe)'P Ih? 1 0ICOvelY.aOVOV'rt, 8C TVaEnP aqE7, CYT,C CIT a 7Prat; p OraE opav /e Vo TOVttw'3'KCb /Ta 701pa VE ty/ao E A Eaa/ aXv7, E OP rpaT 74 -% t. I,, I I / _q.v elcaT'oe pr Icat Tpt' Kptverat 7ap vlr.p r7ep' OaMCTOVIP Ip~ 86 T`O~ vS JUpov' Op OEvL o'a E ar. avNreVe a7ZVLwca-Oa 7re B oavp(fi7'O TOt/a, a' cr - 70o Tw a'8taroTOl ) Ka' XWrO8VTWV 0avaov /a XXov aLpov''a 54 OV 7VpOOrpCeot iraa vr0a /CacoPrpyov aEv rYwp EcTt r reV7' a7ro0avev, -po eLaov^...ZuaXJuo v t 7avE0Ls. tobeT Co 6' o W tv 77wLLorEs /TC aEAceLatLtLzoio Oas 48 48 AHMO GEN OYS (4) tX6t7r ov TpaTTEtV T) 9 IatwV KaTaXVIV at 7TG' 7r0oX/clE/ac &acwav, ot a' cos 7rpE/j83ef rE7rol/cev o faa-tXc'a, oi c v 8 IXXvprois rwoxcL9 TELXt~Lt, 06 86& Xoyov9 TrXavTTove eKcavTo0S 7epLepXO0/IeOa. 49 E7 8 otqa. ptevr, c avlSpe AC01cvaol, V\ TOv% OEOVS eeO EOUU T v7EOE 7 v 7iTrEc7pa7/JEPC0V Kat ro\XXa TotcaVTa vt roLPoo7ToXE vt fPl) 7T o 7yv T7)a, T/ or[lua TO)~ ICXVO-VfOTCOl) OpZTvTa Kcab TO'S 7;E7rpa7/jevEOLS Er'qp[EPov, ov [L'wToL rye l oa A'' ovroC rpoaapepo'Oat 7rpaTTCELW cr)7E 70vv t(Vo2790OTaTOVS( V 0) 7rTap 7)/-tV eLO EIt 7 1 [aLeXX 7TOLe) EckeELl09J aVoPT707OCTTo nYap E-LtlV ot XoYoO9 7rOLtV7ES.'AcXX o av avoevr aS TCVT EKCelv O ELvetev, OWT, eXOPos acrWpO77Os Klat T~a?7ETEpa 7yIas, a7eroy0?EpEL Kab /. s l) (.t W ) 0, I Xot7ra Elv aZVToL r)Lyv EJTt, Kcav /utl vvl aEUEXo)/rl EfcEL roXCetL ave coo Ca~, EvOa8 eo-bw( avarycKaa Oo'cBea 70oV70'TOELo, - av vTTa EL&pt l)e, eaL Ta bavT' a ero' fea qvwlfcoTres KCat Xo7C6oPv /zaaav a7rvXXa/uzEoo 7o ov rytp /-' /' aIkira X T 0 cTLa /e'a? ov) aKt ( XX leor a v0 51'Eyl) TEv OvI7 ovJ'7' aXXo7rc r0W7-rOT 7rpOl XtaptV ctxarLra OVL~p~pL Tr PEX7o-fta aLKOUeLtv 0Lo'~a, OVTx' ESl)c' VtUV CVII+EpCe Ta el a t v i Eva! (4) KATA DIAIIIrlOY A. 49 UVVOLYOIJ Kat TO) Ta fcEXTt7c7a clWOPTL' TOX\X\ tap av?)ov Etrov. N Evv o' emr aS7&Xobt ovftr TOY a7ro TovrTZv X % e,,, X ^ I. " a \ e/-kaVT60 ny1Evq1S0UEVOv, O/uolS EM7b T(ZO OLVvte6 tU 1t, cAv 7rpa?7Te, TaVTa 7rTE eo-Oa Xe7etv a'povat. Nw'y "' O T& 7 aTof V/jk &V /-E\XEl aUVVOlcetV. el~~~~ Id E M O " O E N O T X TIEPI TJ2N EN XEPPONH1Jd2L tEe 1LueP, co av3pE' AOivactot, ovs Xdeovras tTr'av- 90 Ta' lv )VL vju 7ve 7rpo9 eXtcpa t 7vroLEU-aW Xdoov /trpeva, \,, LrlTe vrpo9 XapLv, CaXX' o 3EPxr-ov eEcatro9 rj7etTo, Tovm a7rogaltveOat, aX'o\ Te tca' 7repL I:otpV 7rpaCa-'r PC&V Kat Feyf UXIJ V'ULrL /3OVXEVO/JUEV6OV *EW O CEtOL'af.tev EJLXOUELKt'a, 7' 0 2jLpTtj1or atrrrta 71poayovrrat XEcycw/ vt s, Gt 3 vlpe9'AOqvatL, Tovs' roXXovs 8(e lrfavTa Ta?' ca(XeovTras, a Vy wro)AtL vo/lLTE v/4EpetV, 2 ravra Kat't'scego-OaL Kaat 7rpartT Ltv. H IeI V ouv.-7rov8' rCep Trcev I ppo X nOV'oc rpaYIadrcov eo-T' Ical Tr)S' OTpaTELas-, q)v eVEcKaTov pLvca'OVTOrv PIXLrTro S Ev @p'K? TsI-oc 7OlTatl To) XE /60V O 7r7-ElJTOL WEpt Jv horreO171 TprpaTTE iat EXXet troe6v Ep'VTa. Ey, a'r a I! N ^ / f \ "' Oct pffElV T~S a6TLC7aTC Ttva TOVTOV, OVS' KaTa TOVU LVIS Co UtbV/ EG7tV o[rav /ovoOe cosXa', "CKaY o oEZ, Ka6 v EraLvOV f rJep6 o Z{'V o'ev [ ~X3YovK'8''-cp'tt, 1 ov a) v V6 r XO~'ouvr1v eo aov3 ov0eva Xvp gt ae ct O0ct' p VapX 7t (8) AHMOOENOYS IIEPI TQN EN XEPPONHQ2I. 51,cab &vwc4et XroX\ vrepb EXX~71~zz70 o cov'Kfba~css WON WE^t?7J7T0VTr ) &Wc w'etpcSTa l7rpoXa/3e-v,, oKav aP 7ro fG- vtprcc1e6v, oVfKeO cEO/1cEv M1 oOat, 7reppb TOUTwov oiqab 7T7v 1TaXlCYT'V ov/J4Epetlp gat /3e30ovXcturca Ka, 7rapeaoE'va'oa, Kcal r O,17 70 7Ept 701p cX7wv op',8Ol,9 Ka& TaL's KcagTo17ptats a'rO TOVTOW a7roapavat. lHoXXa\ &e Oavc(awov 7(c0v etLOtOOTcOv XETecOab 7rap 4 V/JL7v1, ovcvEO J'77TOPv, C) avopes''A0?vaboo, TeOavulaca, o KCab 7(rpOV TWLVO 7Kovcra e7rovTro' E)v v 7) ovX, o s ap a TeO''Ov /'vU,)3ovXeUovT'ca n 7roXe/, e v a7rX(DO r T1'V eLp1r71)17 a?1 (YV3VXv. "EG-T &, E, 5l o 71 v xm b p 77 v,7 bI V / ~' O eV b tr 6e'eco, 6~65 C 31 \ ~ ~ c[1TE i(7,,e7 0, E, [tep rovXiav CilhL~rro, aq/eE Kcal JklITE TWV I)JkET7E a)P e~.rwcapa T7' etp7Vr)V /l76 /7W TE'TVCKEVae Ta& raVTa9 a.VOpO4rOVS9 c' 7/a,9, OVKET' 8eL XE'Le, aX)'X jTXo' G6p-jVav aff MbOV, kat Ta r/ ef ao V Pv eTotL.a vrapovoVTa f7r0trodCcelOa,'(YTWV t3Et1) Ka& r7eypaq.Ekcta KEtTa, OaveTa&S a7r apxg O a 6 xr7ro1, Ttp6l tJLO7retE v EK7TCXEvOuct eep~mL \a'eo v ~a,, e,, o / I iKat T' K-rXov( ov 1 ov I PvO aTLTWVTabC 7-Ec7oL1Kcvat 7TO1 TI TOVaeO XE7OVeav, 0S ae~ O' et Xy o e6l MFO LOV, 7rOX~a pxrl~ TCO?- Lrpwv aet vrva O 1)/Cp atpEotS fT7TL0V 117l V 701)rp pa7Lya7Os, aVXX VWKO- 7 O TO XOKtv ), 7o)e 0 v atvy *'aip ov/ 1 CN\ IrVE7'rab To 8ctb1toa/CTOI 6pa epyaov 0 1 V7rEpiat'VVa T, ECKO[TO' OVTOL. TI o0v ) T7 T0ov)o0; Aol6U.e-OSta T70 52 A HMOZOENOYS (8) 7np'OTepov 7roxEovv 9' itv. H Xiqv et TOVTo?e"Yova-t v ZIla, Tw, a wv aeXrrat T'ArLK79tC Ical rov HIepatcO O~ @t7, OVT arero, ov7V a7ScOXV riv 7roEv oe roe oXov. 8 Et (3' cic Towvoo rs (cata riO~EvraL xcat rjv ctpnvnv 8aovOevv OpOVa t oL;0 0 OVT 92 aVeKTa XE7OVctV oO' v~v ao-ab, o8voXv Eo'TV a7rac-t, OV 0)V vcXX EVavTLL a-U[ L Tati KLaTrltopLacat; /_JoWrelo v~ KTcarT7yopofOV-t cal aVTa TavrTa Xe'7ELv avTroyv. TiY 7yp'37r1ro7TE T(t)v L lhrc PLX77rap 7ravaTaXc TOlEV 4ova tav &-oooLev, fav r; ArTLKJs ar)EAXrat, 7(0 4Lo7relOE 8' oV'8 /oijcT' v r0ot O@pacv E~'OtcaTL,,?y.'roXeLov 7TOLeV aVrov (nro/Lev; 9'A Xa vYq zha raVra /1eV cE~XE7yXovrat, A tva 7ro0ova-tv 3 06 t EvOL 7TEpLKo7rTovT0;7e L a v EXX'a-7ro'vT, Kca.t A.to7retLO? ac83LE6 Kaa7acrov ra lo7rXota, Kcal 8E 6(e2 L 7rLTp 7TE6Lv aVLTO. ECTr,.7ltVEG-O ravTa ovev avrt67LXE. 0at,LLEVTOL (ev, aOt'/~at, Tvv- ovxiv L7 ep 0 tX-q0'c Eviar& 7Taa-L rvara o-vpov evovatv, coa-7rep r-iv v7rapxovoaav rT.TdXeL (3vaLyv caraXvSoat "7OVa-L T7OV EfE-7-Ko7Toa Kcat 7ropt/ovra XpupaTa Iav721G~a~Xov~C E C P, el I'ravT'q (af OVToe'.Iv 1vt5v, oOVt) T/7V 4XtL7r-ov, P''vallJ 8eOtgat 8tLaXv~tw-oalEvqv, av v!eL' Tavra 7reta'qe. Ez, (e [~a~, aoretre Ort (Oc 3v Xo 7TOtov(aJv A KaLOa'rTaa-t 7Ti) 7T'XLV TEV rOv avov rpod7ro V' OV ra 7rapvrca 11 rpa7[yLaTa a7ravT arroXfoXEKEc. Ir*Te?yap (Mrov rovy, OTb ovetEv Tcov 7ravTcOv irXcov KeKpaTI7TKE IP7IX7TOS? 7T(e 7rporTpoe 7rpo PO TroC rpay/ao-6 7ylvE-Oac.'O /0Ev?7ap (8) IIEPI TQN EN XEPPONH1 o1. 53 -~!! r \ \ ~'! Cwv sOvvauwtV o-vveo-'qycvCtav act 7'ept aVCrov, Kat 7poetT'peLava 0opv,3O4Vea ca t 7raopaovKEs tao/Ev a. EVr, 12 O1kat, o-V4avE 7Q /EL X a' av "Tau, r'e o \cca, I e J * ^) l~ \ e C\ KcaT 7rOXXi7Zv ro'-vxtav, q7v.) O VTeplELeW, calt, OKta av 93 7'a7avowa)lev, 7rawaTa laTrlv aXoKcEIvat' cat KaT 7972v [EV Je 9 n C/ / IXOpav xaT To' /3CWo vXCetT: KOaXvE,ev3e3e7XOat,'XL Epi-'ovTas (3e rwv epyoov aw-Xvv1v. Trpoo-owpXfCavEw. rvov 7LXka [VL o e'o-r X0 avroa i6 a va ca,'wpo rpa' T- wpc rat. Nvyv (3va[av,teyrydXv e ceo'l'eTXwr pv 1Opa 4I &taTp/Et, KLaLb /EZTa7TE/.t7raC TatO 7XXflv, c'&S aaow ot wapovres, a7ro MaKce(ov'as' tcai oaET7aX a'S.'Eav oa'v rJEpL/E tla9s ToyS' ETe7'ta~ eTBv BvN7 vJPr ov eXO ov ToXtOp/K, F / u7rfLx V! x I 7 \ ^,p&'rov I t.e S 7TpGOTOV fL4EV OeGrUe TroVy Bv'avwr6v? pLeveEv ErM Tq1S 9. I \ /el avoas 7T7q CavTr7l O'7,rrep vvv, Kcat oVTr 7rapaKcaXeeLIv v/t4s Ovre 3070EWv aUvTOs a~to)oE6V;'Ey IMvV oiC 15 ovl/at, aXa Kcat E& T(Tt0b /aXXov a7rbTovevTv 97 rL, KlElv.ca. 5TOVTOV9 X(Qf'p977fE(TOat pLaXXov q'eiVG rapa';cofetv i ( 7'XroX, av 7rep Iq7 ybaoy Xca/3v avirow. OUKOUv rPuov 8 3 vvaltev'o ev;evo avavrXevo-a, eKce-Le [9 /e/ae vWrapXovQo979 6TolLov o3o7qOelao ov'8ev av'Tov'; a7ro'oXeva 54 ARM oOEN o: (8) lb CCVWoet. N L Aa, Katco.at/ voovo't 7yap avOpo7rot acab v7rep/8aXXovro-u; avo ta. Hlavv rye, aX' O/%(0 avrovs 86, EcWab OV a/M.0EpE r7ap T7 TOfXet. hab BYovO fO 3/E Orhol0 ES~LV?jCL~ZT., ETT KaXeppo ov ovX fe' WO' ey, eXOV EUt. Je4rtrov, (S E7r Xeppo lt3J -ov O? Ov 6a a pX 7E E-e Tr71 EC17T7TOX?9 ME -tO'tWeWv q) efcTE/k e 7TpOS v-ua, a c[YeLvV at p7otb TOr V EoV (17 X/,COe eta,rvula, r~Kab Ty' a Xpq 8oq3vLa yVo-e rata Eal 7oTi EKeb- 94 7EV/'a, tiat Tr) e - yov, Kcaicco; wrort,o-at' e' o a7ra~ 8taXvOrlo-era, Tt 9TOtuOpLEV, ~av rw Xeppov-ov v; Kp voip ev Ao7Inr e lOPvq Aa. Ka, v[, Ta 7rparavTa r-Tal t EXTLc;'AXX' EvOe'dv' APv 3oqO9Io Lpev avrog. AvP 8' 577T 7( rvevaTrov L?) vv'eOa;'A;XXb a,u ad' 18 ov% /et. Kas' T eyyvw'Tl. eort Tovrov; TAp' opaTe Icat Xo,7tf'c-oe, os av8pe'A vafoa, lo e Tl rtovtav &opav ToV e dovE, E V Ta v TEXX7rrovTov vtl)v 7roLtrat icat 7rapa8ovvaL 0Xt'l7r7r(o; Tb 8, aY a7rexo(z' E OpatmCq cat w8Se w7poreXOoov Xeppov710 u8\ Bvav-r74p (ca2 rav7Ta Xoylbc-0E) 7tb XaXkcSla lca, Medyapa ef5Ky Tov avrov Tpo7r0v OlV7rep E7r d2peov 7rpo'v, 7oreTpov KpEtTTOP EvCOa8 avrov alv)veaOat iClb 7-'poo-ExOe TO7OV 7OELOV TpO9 7V ATTlKI)V''a', oeo tov ArptmTv e aoata, K7 ca7aacoEaevatev elet 7(Vl aoTXOxa av ro; Ay J 19 TarTa 70rovvv aT7ravma9 eo0'Tas icat Xoy7/o/ evPov9 XP1J,ua Al' ovx q v JAuOrnt-8E 9 retpata Tp iro xe 8&VaJayLtv wraparc-eva'et, Tau qPv ll ao)caLvetv Kca' 8&aXvo-at 7'retpa (8) IIEPI TQ2N EN XEPPONH2EI. 55 o'aac, LXX' eCeTpav aCTovS' 7rpoo7ractpaacecv EW tca- v'vvevvropouvra~ exeICerTscl p Xpliareo caO vaXXa -o'O' Ua EV7irOpOVhITal' EKEWf Kat TaX~a ctoEewlO a-uvaryeovlm'o/vEovS. El ryap TLs 3potro ClXLrrov, E 2{' l o t..2,\, 7rorep r v ov Xoto To o'TOVSv Tov9 o-TpaTto)Ta;a ovs zJ o,7re[o1 vvv et, rovs V Trot, ov-r7tacToyv (oVOev 7yap avTLXEr7o evOeVE"LV Kca\ 7rap'AOvvaio's evo:etv Kat 7rXe/ovs 7'[7veortOa 7T S o Xeo u cS vvay coZJ o eI7sv, 8 3' a/3aXXo YT7OV TtVCOV Kcat KcaTq7yopoovvTWv 8(ao'TraCa'-0tac ICal 8tao0Bap vatb; Toiz av, oltpac, 0rbhetev. E9O' 95'a IXrr7ros av evatTO To c OEOs, Tva3O' vW)V TWEs E)0dS6e 7rpa'TTOV-t)V; E"rTa e'rt,'qTE 7r O06V Tra Trs' 7roXweoS a7rooXOAev a7rava; BovzXol*ab 70TtVV v'las,Lera 7rapprbo'tas eETracrat'ra 21'rapci'wra,poy~ta'a T^ WOXE, Ka\ o-1cEJaG-0at TI 7,otoy?raporra 7rpa7y/ara r' 7roSe, KaT Crrafaoa T TObOVa-ev avTro vvv Ka oW7rWo" Xp~o1e avTroZs.'tLeeL' oTre xpjl/ara efb0epetv /30vXoaedOa, OVTe av0ro cTpaTEvEC0al' TroX!ct/!ev, ov`Te T7WV COltvWV a7rexeoOBat avva/LeOa, oVT" ras aSvvTractqs aZlOtEtLOEL 8&0HO/tvE, 0i50 oc- aP av'ros' aUvrT 7roploTra c7raJvovev, aXXa a'ca ivopeuv at'22 ^ /n Ov ca I i'xx, ro Ic,r 0fKO7rOVI-E V'ro eV acat TL [,hee rOLefV Cak 7ravTra a TotavTa, OVT e7rEt8l7)7rEp OVT7w9 eXO/lEv, Ta 7)e1Lep aVTrov 7rpraTreLv eOeXoLet, XX' Ev,uev TOs' Xos' TOUVS T'o 7roXeos XIE-ovTas dc:ta 77ratvov/LVE, EY e TOt'l pYoep7 T70ot eVavTLovLfevos' TTovTL o vva7yomoleOa. VrTles' 23 /E)7TO EtcouaE EKa'TOTE TOP 7raptovTa eporTA, Tb OVv XP7'qroeab);' y7O (' v/Las' ep r)8o'rat 3oavXotLat, T& 56 ARHM O OENO Y (8) ovv Xp'n XCryctv; El 7t~p /7TPre et7oCEoem, /k-rTe avTo& eryparevo-ecoec, /p7j'e TOv) KOLWCbV ac/e3e'cOc,'l)TE TLaS' Cl 3', ~'?v..' CVVTaCrer9 8oETE, utC-E o0o av avTos aLVT X 7roptl('eTa EaeT6E, /7TE Ta kvC/ETep aVTW 7r paTTe-LV eEXr ETE, OVC eXw T i Xe7ry. E r7ap /3 87 T'o(avTrlv e:ovotaV TrO amTtao'Oal!ca 8~a/UX0Xev /30ovX0o/,evots 80TE COTe IKab,7ept Wv ~r dcp I pXXeivw avrrov T7OLE-V, Ka' Trep O roT,,, n,,,, 7rpolcXaT cy yopovvi ov caEpo o-0, 7T T a E 7 v TEXoT yo; (~1a~al~'C2;U~a, OL~LV, ~YCO 1) VpC)U 8e. C1eto /M Tera?rapp?10Lal fcat lap ov8 av'XvoU 8vpat'l.lv. I7alvrTCs O'/GJ0 7r(0'7rOT C/C7 E7rr cV`/cao-t 9f 7rap VLWvC o'TpaTrTY70o (q Elw 7r e OTtLOUVV Tt/L(llcat), KCat wrap\ XioV Kab 7r'ap'a'Epvapatcv Kat iap cv av eCacU'TOt mvor'aTL (TovTWv TCWV T7lV Ao-av oLKovVPTow 25 Xcyo) XP aTaa xaLt3Cvovuvc. Aa/3a1tvovo6t 8' ot [LUcv EXov)TeS,aV - Ovo va avs eXaTTorVa, ot; e /IeS;) 86vaulV 7rX Lova. Kact Mo'ao-) v;l ot- &PoTE T 0VT a ltlpa OVT6 rTa roXXa. a7T oiEVoD (OV YIap) OVT'T oLLalOVTCL)), ca)X' (VOUPEVOL [07 a(SLKE.-Oaao TOvS 7rap CWaVTOZ efrXEovTra &'m6'ovpS, 1i t CrvX-lOat, irapawaLwpeCoOat Ta 7wXota 7Ta amrTvo, 7T ToLaVTa oaptc' 0c Ev)0o aS' OSofpat, Kcat TOVTO 26 TOUVO/Ia p Xw L act X7jT L/LaTa Ta Ka a. a't tj iCa6 VVV ZLO7trEC TO paTevTtV ca'XOY TL Ja UTW Tc V 8TTov o oTt SCov[t XpT/1ta 7rLeTS/'OVT f ryp o','06'E XxoOev T-ov [tT Xa oavra rap' 8p [T euTV;'Ex c OTo8 UOov t 7O O-T o - Tpac'T aCS' TpEfetv;'EB TOV ovpavov; OWl CO7L TLavTa, dXX)') (8) IIEPI T2N EN XEPPONHESI. 57,,, / ~',,, cop aTyepet Icat 7rpocabret Kcat 8avEtfera, arro TOV7(w)V Ov8ev ovv akXXo roltovo- oL KaTC77rYopovTeS EV V/ /Lp 27 ) wrpoXEf7ovo'-v aracl u1r18' OTtoVV efC/rIO OlOEa, Es caLt TOV pLeXUX7aL (O6o10OVTt t8t17v, 71 TL 7roTbol-al)TL rYE 1 varrapa~a/ e'pw. Tour LV Obo' M'' ~KaTa rpc oYeto-tr ot XJ7ot M X X et r oXtopicevz, rTo V'EXX7vaS ElC83t6c- fXEbL ry7ap T-b TOVToV T(W T7V)'Arlav O' OVT&W'EXXk ov`w;,A1l~voV 1E1VTav ELElV TV0 aXXow' T)'rcTp(o0 1,68e&oOa. Ka To' r/y EL Top 7EXXvo vrOV tare/EpLEV 28 E~T! EOx 7,!, E tl) 7OLe tO fTepov aTpaTr1v7 TOVT' To V' ~ etap'8eba roet Ato7EltO17 icat KLT(a7cye Ta 7rXOtLC, LptCpO)v avoape 3pE AO.vawot, pLLKPOV 7)tvaKLOV TaVa 7TdVTL KICXVa-at 8vVaLT a), ~! 97 at X'ov o vo, TaTa TOvv at iovDvas Etcar~77eXXEbv, ov jta" Ja aa'er-avat' Icat Tpt17'Ea- TO'avTavS 72/9tu aVToV (VXaTTElV ee TOV'O 7 E(T7v v77TEp/oXi' /La)Ub9 s) axx' E6 rt / TOV9 9XOPO;', 0) OVKC COT 29 Xa/e-itv VWo 7019' YTO_ 9, i at caTppaTt0oTaS' TpIEECV Kal 7TPb1jPEtL9;E~E V KcrELWL KatX %p7jlaT7a EtacpEpbw 6't KaCL Uvayaicatov E'-T[V, E7b 8 avTovT * o'/)-,La, eta7yIyexa, 7rapa?0XT, CaVT UaTLV. TaV7 Y71V 7 pOVOVV7 E)V KeXa, 0rapcAo, aE TV' EL aPeOv t o7reVT7 a1pwT0)V, Enfilpeap'6v)owv T reKal taB? o EpovrTow ta w7pTpa a ca )or?)) 01)7b MO1r V(Ttrw. ~ Aat To['OVT0)1) TLZ9 EcLac TOLOtVTV9E, 01 01 30 8ELv0V Ca-Tb))' (XX) VCbLt9 Gb KL~bljLEVeb ovT09 78r 7 8baore-TE, (.i) tzEl) Tt9 EL.7T, 7rirapEX(Oov 705 dtot eltOrE1 earT b v ~ r 7'aVtoV a7)o1) it~k07V 009 17 XAaLvP 17'Apc-o90) 58 AHMOMOENOY2 (8) ) 0 (W TW?TOTv 7 oXEt tv TrL, EV O/eS' ()baTcE Kal Oopv31 Oc'be S ~p'O,'Xe7c av 86 7vapEXO6WU XCy Tt9 7TaXl09, OTt ApETE, o S A0 ~Uaot * avTwv ^ ^ \ ^ /, / rOv KaX&)v #at TWUv 7rpar7paTrov TOVTOUv ~Xt'Xt7rW'oS ETbo-Ztv aTb0 ros"eb 7ap EKeLvOS' 971ev )roXv av, Ov ev aV fV 7rpacypa T 7roXeL, (o, /Iv ovc aXOOV TaVT EGYTtv7 OVX E^6TE aPTtE7e6V, aXOeo-Oat 06,tot 32 80E6L7E Kab Yororep aTroXXvvat T& vo/lptv. Ab7tV 86..oyUrowV (Kal [ot 7rp-;o; 00c)v, O'rav etvc~ a'TOv 3EXTtO-TOU If e*o f/[ ^ e Xeyw, eo'cWro 7rappvrla)~ 7rapEO-KevalcacvL va t TW&v 7rOXtT6VOJEUCo1 [lo Eb Uv tev Tabl E'lclXqaaLt C0 p8po;s Kcab aXerrov%, Ev e'Ta'S 7rapa-cevaS Tav' ToV 7r'oXE/Iov OaLz[ovs' KcaL EvIecara~povrlTovg. "AP,LeU ovUv To ab'Ttov 35~ ~~~~~/~~ ~ /IpY A ov P 1 ^ E667r Tt9 OVU 6 #E oTE o0rt Xq+eOe v ap' V" avro', ae Ica~ /3ovXeaEae' av (SE TOOVT7oy X67) TtlS, Ov KpaTfloavraT7c 93 T 5O 57rXOt9, aXJ 8' oVKc eJT' KOXaoat, OVK eXerT, 33 ob/iat, TbI 7TooETE, ExpEc7XO1tEVOt 8E aX cfX0e EXPUv 7ap, co a 8peS p A0'AOUa)oto, TovvaUTrlov 9) V a7raUPTas TOv? 7roXLrTEvo[EUovV EUY,EU TaS eeKKtXq)rtat? -7rpaovS Kcat ctXavpcw7rovS v/pCa9 0 LVeU Elvat (p\os' yTap v/as av'Tovs Kcat ov ovlLoa%~ov ev TavTavl EOTt Tlo O6ta t ), Ev 6' TatL 7rapao-Kevabs? Trat' TOv 7roXe/Lov fo3epovs Kca XaXe7rOV?9 ertV a ~rPo? Ya ovs e31 X povg xa'ov? 34 avTL7raCXov? EK~CEO9 eEO O a7yU). NeVY 8e o 87l'Laywyovv7c via Ka Xapb~dOpevob xa0 VospO'l V OUVTO LtaTreeCtao-tv, (O EU,IEU Tat"? EKfC (TCX'Y atLL" Tp)V a R CC Ka -OacotCJve-Oab -7rc Ta 7rp~0 r8ov\OZIC aKOVO7UTa, Ey 8S TO"a,Ko~ace',E rava ev 1 ae Wo (8) IEPI TQN EN XEPPONHEQI. 59 prpyCacrt Kcat ToT0L 7 7rL7P/JkVOt9 7trEp TW)? E)-XT60 T]j IEpE 7ap 7rpoS 10(9, eL Xoyorv vzla a7raTr77jercav ob, t'EXX;qlhec toy zvviAt'rapElKacTE KaCLpov 8La pavW/LLV, KaZL potvO' vas"A v 8 pecs'A O v aCo, 7r Te"LLree s W aLc 35 exacrTOTE T7rpEaeSet9, Ka XE7E e (e eC'rtOVXeVEL iXtW r0 ))[ILL V Kiat T7L a T0,6 EXo X c t KaC (s V XaTT E 0-la 86' TO'v av prcov cO a Kb 7ra'vra ra Totav Ta; ('Ava7Kq clOaCKEWv KCal otoXoy7E W roLov /1EV Travp aVTae) ET, ( 7vrtov avOorov av- XOTvavo, 8EKca C Lva7 a7Trofy evo/ Vov TavOp Ct7rov KEab VO) lO aL XeLIkIVL Kal 7oT0XE/1L9 atroxg~0e'vro7 &oor e q a v 36vaoa t C7rav E XOcv o'KaSe, ovTIe v7v Ev'3otav yXevOepwo-taTe oVT're3 TOSP V.e're'p(ov aVTcov ovsev EKcoItoiao-cO, adXX" eKcebvov [EV V/tCv o0Co06 kuev toPTOv, oXoXqiv aryovT7O) Ve, I'V ( C V q TO,'I T TOLCtV7a TTOLOV7Tt 99 vy7taleLv?0Lo'aep) 8 o Iv Et3oia Ka T o' Tq?0 7'v2dv0ovS, T'ov eV a7rav.t cpv T'7S ATT'KrS' E7rtTElXvvov, T OP K h7r KaPLEtO VTq EL9 0 0V0C37 T a Tv a7reXvo-ao-Oe, cb, ti8Sev aCXXo E/3ovXeoOe, axx' eLaIaTE Kaca af Ecr va-Te 8 ov OTt' aV'T,0 icat 7 avepov WTreoltIare TE OTt 0V av 8ea lEKcul a7roOcv,' ovcEv /' aXXov,%vPoKa-eOOe. Ti o9vI 7rpecr-EVETE KELt KcaTr'yopetTe Kcait,rp y7aL' y6V 7r apE EXTC;' 7aVTa XeT/oWr, Tt EpoV"ev r1 T7'ncopev, o avSpEs'A0qva~'ot;'Eyao Iev yap ovX opwo. 60 AHM02OENOY2 (% 33 Ek lTOtPUP T'VE9' o'rT J7~E E7XV TOv 7aptovTa oiorat, E7rElalV iepwr-o-ot, Ti ouv XP' vrosev; 0OS E'rfO ILeV rTo 8LKatlTaTOV Kao a-viOEO-TaTOv 70o70 a7roicptovltat, aa aV,( Wn rote'v a VV/P 7rOtELTe, ov t7v aXXa Kab!caO' aoaCTrov a cpoq p. Kal o07r', coT7Orep vpo j 7nrpovIuc(o ov-c cTate 7roEP EOE~~~/E39V Co7 / r aHpe TAOOrawa, voVTo 77rap V/a.?l avTo9 fe/3alco ryvcPvat, OTt TM 7ro'Xet lXortroq 7rOoXcete Kai TrjV etpflVlqV XEXVKce (Kca 7-aO-ai0 lE b TOUTOV IcaTr7ropovPTCe a~XXrXwv) Kcat KaKOVOVS o /-LEV eTt Kat 40 XP09 OXT? 7T o xarOX T O S TJ 7TOXECO I e(abet, erpooOiow0 0(e ca T0s EPeV T o 7Xet 7ra-ctv app(07rotS, Kat o709 /paNXtOT OLOeLoEO avr9 xaptlgeo'Oat (et 6e 71, OCeafro-ocrav EvOvIcpaTq7 Kat AaoOe'vq 0ov)'OxvvrOovq, o6t 8oKcovTe9 oeetOTaT avT-rc &aKeIYO at, c7rei&) Twv'rotXv wrpov~ooCav,'7aovCT KaictO-T awoXdXamv), ov8epb EPTOl ptacxxov;N Ty 7trotTEta t7OXE/bEt OVo3 E7aT-t.ovtveL, icat O7COWE( pMov0 O Eev p7av 7CavPov 1w 7s TaVTI7v 41 IcaTaXvoet. Kab TotJT e'KoTo0? TpO7rov Ttva 7rpaTTEt' O8E rcap aicpLt0 OtTl 0)V aov 7rav7Tcov - &v T A'XXov e'yrv7Tat ICVPLO9, OV3EV eTO aVT(O pe,/atw9 eSXLt, 6 ew) ( av v/tcE, 10o (07(0,'q~ eb! 8XWhofspavr~Of~e, aNX' eav 7ro~e'vtzpt' 7L vrralxUha a 7roXX\ E'vO'7 av avOpor, 7aPTa Ta PVV U vtP e42 8ptaer/-eva Ica't KaTa'EVETat 7rpo9 vu~aa.'EcvTE ap VbeE ov0K avTot 7rX'eoveCTvoat ca KaTao-XeLPv ap'X7' ev 7EcV'TEo, aXX' ETEpov ap Xaevp icwXvoat a' (8) IHEPI TON EN XEPPONHIflI. 61 afeJXCGOat 8eUvot, Kat X evoxXmat 7TOL apXetv 3ovKOapOL a 7rcvTa U S' ltOpW7TOVi;' EXEVOEplav aeXe'otat E'o/uLo. Ov/Covv /3oXETCaL T0'So EavTrov caLpoS T7Vl 7rap vUcJU eXevOoep/av. E4S0pEvlEtv, OV8E 70 oXXoV 8e, c / ov K~K~ o~' V` p'y~ ~aD ea Xo o e rep 8 L TOVTO 7TaetTE-OE TaLSvrova w A a, OvK'e~I~E~e L,.. 4 CrETE v7TEp TOW 7rpa7/ry oWp SOV&Et2) 7&VTEpO2) q ELEvat O-afctS'or't, 7rav0 oDa 7rpa7,/faTevETaL Kcat caTac6vac4eTat, vvV, e7Tr'7V r7eeV 7 L Vrapa eva N et /' A C C 7TatCC o 0rtOV 7TLS- EfcetVOv atUvvETat, evravU v'rep V Uiv.zo cajvvEat. Ou?,yp ov0 ) 7o ev1JO7s EJTLV OVES os ro- 44 xa/u3avt T'roVy tXL7rTO'o P 7 [I-/e E l)O pClK)7 KaKC)V (V0 CtIp aAho TtS''v 4erob /poy7i(Xov Jca~ Kapgu/rlv Kat MaCKr:etpav Ica7 7 vv e:apeta, aEVLaE a), TavON X N CN e TWPV tIUP, EMrOvazeV,:cac v'rep ToO'av7a Xage'v /cab TUovoUV Sca Xet, luva, Kat TOS XTeOVS KWxo KFSVOVVS V7irO[epetW, 7(02)v'A0)7vacov XLt/ E`V0)V Kcal vCO)pt0oV Kat 45 Tpt77po)v Cat T(A)V Cp7,)V Tct apClvpPEtCV Kat TOCOoVTOwv /C\, ] \ ^ \ ]! ~ 7rpoo-;Ov oVfC OV t TOVlCW,r aX aTt ravTra [E - EC6LvCL Cka TavTa, aXl a KaXcXeC v v;ep Kov 7o0u7CoV /Eepab Vpo /ca; TarXXka ~ravTa 7rpa7/taTreverat. TI OUZ VI' OV0VVT60V a'p7rOotW TCI7PL; Et'0UTag 46 TavTa icat Ef7VYCOOTal 7Tjr I-EV v7repP/gXXovo-av Ra a}v' - 6 6'2 AH 1MO OEN OY2 (8),ceorTov TavTv7P pa /dav pa'ro0'oOat, Xp taTa'8 eItEpeWv, Kca Touv? o-v UIuabXOv (aLOaP,'a 07TroS TO OVEOTr KO: 7oVro oU/v.jeuEb vo-parrCevpa opav KCaL 7rpaTT77EtV, (C oT7rEp E/CL6VO09 (670t/OV EXet C8vvaiut T) a&m Klo(ovo-a',qo, Ce Cf/ ca6 IcaTacov&ov'o/ihewq ccfrcavTa~ rove vazol.D ovTeo T7v crwooovroav V/et a Icoa pVo'O jo-ovoav cL /eT 47 ex'7TE. Ov fyp EOTL 3oir7Oalc XPcIfVOv OVU'7r'T oVEV TWV 8YeoovTWV rpaat, clXX\a aTao-ecvao'a' Ov l &Vwa/w, Ka& TpocJ~v Tavry ~op xa~ ramsay Nal 8v'Pqyt, /cat Tpoo\ q oto-paVr icat Taptas' Kal &qpiulw, v ca, Ka 07rot( eEp T'r Twv Xpq7a-rv ov-Xa)qV a1Cpt,8CTaT9T r ePE/0laa,6 OV7TW 7TO) 0L-flaVTca, TOPV T1. il)V XP/71PaTWC Xoyov?rapa TovUrOv Xa/Jjcxvetv, Tov 8T 7cov epyov 7rapa Tov o-TpaTrlyov. Kav OVTO) y rOtt'710Te ca\, % 1 / f. A /I * TPavT caAE'xiorUe w xnwo, ayLpv o6pa7rv SLKCaLav KfcaL wso' o- aE' e a2 ALEVelVJ 67rT Tq7 avTov LeXtL7TrrOV avacaoCL eare, Ou jLe'OV 4o8 El Cl 7 8Oryc'voai a'yaOva r, 7 ~TOXE/VflYT r I'ao. 46S Es Be Te z3OKE, TaVBaKt a m2?7 JLeyaXys Kca&'7TOV roXX., v Kat?rpay1arEct9a elWvaL, cat oLaXa a'op9' OKE'& aXXI'cv xoyLXot7Ta Ta Tv y 7tOXEL /Ta TavTa fyevCojuev, I va, Tv TavTa I.Lq E lp, eUp-qe6b XVLTEXOVP TO 49 eCCOVTac 7rOLeLV Ta OeOPTa. El /.EV ya-p O-Tl Tl9 Ey7yvvz-oe COEv (Ov yap avp pco prowv 7 OV&6\9 av 7EVOlTO atoXpeav T7XLKcOVTOV 7rpayroaTo9) o, av ayO WVo' xav cai avravra rrpoo7r e, o V!K 67r' avTOvS VLhCa TEXETvT71v gat awair.ra fi t \-L A 7 T a EcELcevo9 qEL, atoeXpov LA, vTOP /Ja icat 7ravtTa ToVI 10I 0eo0U, Ka acva6tov Vlzwv Icat TWV v7rapXovJTo/C 7O NroCe Icat 7ree pa71,k6V TlKt TpOIl oLYrapTol)TCOL eTrea pXv-E xa& wrewrpa7tecvgov'otS 7tpo 0Lovot ) v tv EPE[ a patOv (8) IIEPI TO2N EN XEPPONH20I. 63 pta~ Trous aXXovs 7Ta(vTaS ElXXqvlaS elt? ovXElav rTpoeo-Oae, KaZt efo7e avTo, /ev Te0VaPat /taXhXov AZv q TavT7 etp?leva, /3ovXolrlvv o tiv 6XL' rX Et XX, aN XEyEo \ e a //a e, a e v r ct v t~a, 7C5etc etEJ T ~ 0we,/ av7 a71-aVTa 7rpoeoOe. Ebl 8E /Ux8e'V TOV'TO 8oKCEt, TovaVoualTtOV &e. 7rpot o-lv 50 el e/ el! I a7raarTre, OT Oco acw 7rrXeLovwv ca-ol'ev eoceLvo) e7vEo'0al KCuptol, T'rOoOVuT XaXer7rOTE p9 Kae lC'XVPOTEPPT XpC'ob aEcoa ExOp~, r a' z/at3vo1LtE T) r /J/EXXOLtevP;'H 7rorTe, C avlpe) AO'lvaaoL, T' &eovPoa 7rOeLb Eoe eOeXYOtLev; oav vZn 4'.avayKcaozv p.'AX' )v tev av vTs 51 v i]V/ [t )0 73'zraEXevqospv avW por' vav a eaoJ7o, ov' ttovov r87 qraOpe6rTtw, aXX Kca\ 7raXa 7ratpEcXfXV0a'7Tn) T&) SOV' Xotv aErTeuefta 8eOt. ZIlaaEPpe 8\6 7t;'7OT ET'ltv 77v o /..,Eov axvrv, a'' \ he~vfppo peLv av~pc7rTQ) 1t0EoTr) TarVTlcK?] 7) VTFEp T)OO) LYt7vO[LEVO1) awaXvy, Kat 1tEt1T TaVT?7) OV/C oLO y7VTV!! av EtWOt/,LC!V dv"'OUX6'.e 7TX'i7at Kct O 70ov owltaTo9 atKtofyLo,,a LflTCe Y7EVOT ovTe e7ewL7 Ov. HlaLTva TOLVVV TXX' eLrToV av (soE9., Kca.t teEta ov 52 ~d, r..,,...,, TpO7Or V,ta9 t, ItLOt, KaTaC7OXt7TEVOJTcta, Ta jcp.C6 Xa acaooi a- XX'7rret8av T6 T')w 7rpS,' (IXv7r7' rov 7re euvuv avao'Ta? TLt Xkeet, TO TqVtv Etpl7)1j7) aTetv o9? ayaOov Ka, T'O TpebeltV 3vajutLv te e7aXlv eo XaXewrorv, Kca 8tbapvrwa' teV TLVE3 Ta' Xpl/kaTa OOVXOV7Tav, KCaC T7oLLov0 ov XoYov,?, cK topV aabzgA"ovoob / v o v Tat e / oc, ow avarac o1 Xov iez VltaS', rlO-vXtav 6 7TOtOVctV EKEtVO) 7rpaTTt' 0 6 103 IohvXerat.'E 8& TO.VT.70V prP6 ytley7TaL V/ULV 1(E?7 53 rXoxi\7 alc To0 /Lo7&)v 17(8 7raOE6t, a e6ot0t% 077rewa S vr o t4 A HM O2EN OY (8)'V7~7)oea' E7'O 7 roXX0\ 7e7,3y -ctYOa, TOVoL 8E actl d apltTEP Kcab o iLLWcO~O 0 TOVT7CV. E7y 3' otcat Tl'V bCEU EtpfllV7 a7try ovX vpaw 83ev 7reLOeCv, oe 7rree7rlcevOL KadOnOOe, 4 ax TOJ Ta TOVD w7XroX'ov 7rpa"rovTa (av rYap etcetVOs le)o'Ogy, 7a ry a~V/LWj ETOtLfta v~tapXetvL), VO1'c'tv 8o eWat XaXe7ra ovX oT' av ELS, 0TT7plav 8Oa7rav/tzev, E cXX' a 7reTro-Et a, a' TavTra t/ri EoEXwleEv 7rOtELV' *ab To 8 ap7ecrao-0' 7o-1e-0ab a Xp-l/Lara' T) vXaic7jv ct7'riv 8b ow 0$feTab cO X vetV, OV'b Tf TOO /V/-tOVTOg 65 a~eoaSva t. KaroU e ryc7 ayaval/c7r Ka6 avro rovro, o apelpE'AOqjvaotL, eb T7a per XpIpaTara Xv7rEb TtVa9 Vaco V, e 6& ap7rao7JO?-cEat, a icat bvXaJrtT iClatb lcoXa6ctv T ~ov aotKomv'ag'. v,wtv'o-'rt, 7V'r eEXX cta'rao-av OUTbcot 0IA 7rLro" E'f_ q apralP7T~ ov ov Xv7re', Kca' ravT 1' q/J9s ap7va'wv. \, r TOP tUev OVTO) 6bavepo& o-rpa'revovra, a;vovaTa, 7ro'Xcs Ka7raXa/a.zcfvovca, IiEvPa TrovrTW 7W7rOTE L7Te7reLv CoS 7rOXeaov 7roet, trouV 3} /,7n E'r7rTperev jLvE v7rpoceO-Oab avura Jv ovXEvo~vra, TovTovs' To 7roXe/ov 7rot' -ettv I' fl/ /I ) \ C,.,. 57 ab-rtacriat; JEr/W Oa'ow * OTv rjrv op7l]V 97v ElKoS E0TEt EfVt7OatL 7r1ap vY a rt T XvrocaOe T( 7 roXo.e/l, CEo' TO; v7rEp V/C)V XeyoV'raS Ta a PEXTtc7Ta TpEfat /ZOmvOa7Ta, tva ToVTrovS Kpt1WV77Te, P~I (Xt7r7r0v a'v'V'q0e6' aL KcaT-',' 7opcw)tv avrot, L7 [,cKT7V &C(JtV Cow 7rOtOVU't pVp. Tot'u avolS! " \Evyv S 7avrOL8'Q vvaarat o XE7-e (w rc"pa /3ovXo7'Trat'o'OXE/o TveL 7rooat 77-ap vlktv, cat 7rept TOV 8 ta&Kao-lc6[ (8) IIEPI TTQN EN XEPPONHE12I. 65 IN4 av'fj ECT0V.'Eyl 8' ol ia C a'pl]3J0S' OTL OV yp+atJfLTOQ S'AOidvaiov o&evo krco 7roXte/ov c at cX;ca roXXta 0P[Xwrvros CXet TCWv r woeon Ka't 7r v cs p KaLp8av 7rE7ruoLc~e 3o0Oeuam. Eb /JLOe /OVXE 4LeO'Ct 7 / PO'7rpo7to&EaffaCt woXe/ue'tv aVTov rt/,L, avor7iroTaTos 7Taror) av E vC rv OVTr0^V a7)Upo)7r'W, b TOVT EEXE7YXOL.'AXX' eyreS67r V, er' avTov9 II /, aS La-, 07 /)7(O[E'EV ctEvoE iEkv?r/ap ov rnoXe/~eT 2/Jw, (oow' Ep ovO'-2pelTraL9 7V (T7paCttoTWV OVrTWv 7fv T XopT, ova8e OEpa/loL 7rpoTepov 7rp0o9 Ta TEq r'POa/3dX0oiV avC'rfo, ova OXv O vOio, a: Px% e Co Ev aVr7 77 Xcopa'-o TrpaLEevpIa 7rapmv'eXco. "H Ka 70Toe rotv / avveo-OaL KewXovTa9 WO\Ekov 7rTOLECV fqco0Uev; OvxCOV' Vw7roXo'roOV oVXevev' ov yap aXXo y OVO EP ET& PETateV~ TOV [LflT ayvVpeo-OaL J7ST ayetv L)o'vXlav cavacba. Kar, E7j O>vx v7rep cOv 60owV VIlV re ica; 60 t70L9 aAXot eo- o 0 NV)VoS' ov lyap vf avrco Trmv 7O'xW 7ro 7Qao-Oat RO TXEab a Xtror7rOS, aX X oOXa aveEv. Ohe yap'"icpu4 g7 &VXEVELP ~ z OVe keltV. 018e; 7aC~p afvtX'S O"To, 8ovXeVetv /,\v V/66v OVt EOEXo'G-ITET OVT, av OEX-o-CTrE, 7rT10T770fEBe (apxetv yap EtCwOOaTe), 7rpc/yara 8' avrT 7rapa7xetv, av icaLpov X/3r7TE, TrrXEO To' aXAv "av r a' P' - aXeo s]aTaV avOpwoTawo ovvr'~20 o0v V77Vep 7COV cEXaTWV OVT-r0 70To aywvtO9 7pOPP09- 61 ICEL OV/TOC YLYVcfEv,, Kal TOV9 7revrpaKto aSK avTov egVeVO,) JtLoE'lV Kcab a7rov/t7racvto-at. 0u yap EC7TV, OVK E'TTL Tanv Cet TO 77r9oXeE(S' eX Opov tcpaTr7o'at, 7rpWB av 70ovs ev avT7l 777- 7EEL KoXa(oyrT EXpopv v9rVpeTOVTavCa eFEIetl, 6* B6 BMAHMO2OENO N (8) aXX adayKc 7OVTOUL (0 7rCp 7tpOO6XovL vpocTSaloma 62 VaoTEpt'ew CKELtVv. llQOtcv OLbtc-E VVv a'VTOJ V'polctV 1WS uv/asl (OVE6V eap daXXo -I/Ot7rYcv SoE " atoLV /q ToUro) Kca'rovg,v aXxov ev rOLOVV7ar et I7S8Ev aXXo, eaaTrrav, vpuLv aT creLXelv q7'8; O0ov OeCTaXovs; vroXXa 8ov, E7r?77a76ET0 CtSl TrV VIv TrapOVo'av oveIarav ovo a'v EtcTELV Vvat;T ov86ts O%-a TOVqS Taatrupovs I0XvO lov TrpdOTpov 80o V HoT'uatav E7rTarT'rYee cat 7rordX eTpa' 63 i33aLovsU Ta Jv'V veTaryael -rqv BoKoT/la av'TO'S 7rapaOov cat adraXXaca, wroXe/p.ov TwoXXoV Kat %a)e7'ov WOrTE KcapWrtora/JevoI'wa efcaToL TovTo) 7rXeovet av o~ pevC ro 7rE72-ov aoV a 7 F UV7E to'aovtv, ot o a 7roTe o'vL,/3J ret orrat. T/ZLeZl Ee 7v 4ev a7reT-cp79Oe ooco aXX' ev avTrr 760 TqV etp ip 77 roto-ao-Oa& Oa E'77rca'T7c0Oe!- Hdo'-wv a7re67pO?7cOe! Ovxt% C-.KEaS; Ov llvXa9; OVX Ta E7r @pas', ALOp' Tco Ti 71T07 Ov) ECIEIVO)J 7(0LT ACLXOVS KaCL OV) TOV avoT 707T0o7) V/tVY 7-pOo- (bpEPTat; OT6 Ce IOpa TCWv ao p7ao'Ba TrOXE( 77 V/ETcpCS aECL V7TEp (0)E EXOP( EOV re oTat, Kat Xa30VTa Xp-1uaT avTov aoJaX'C? E(7TL XCE76 ro,v'XXo aI oI \, aI 65 7rap' v/v, Icap'ay Vic.. 65 srap v/v, KC" $avfpr7LEPVOLb Ta v/eETepa aVTO)V 77'e. O nv aoxbaXe Xeyetv ev'OX)vo'D Ta P~tXt'Lrrovu,U71 (rvv el (S~) ZIIEPI TUN EN XEPPONH 2L, 6(7 TaXvOV ro TovS TvpavpovS c/ac v Xe2 5X1T70oV avToLS' Kcab Tijv -lvXcaLa avwro~ov ~a o nV eV (9f O;/aLv ao~aXe's', A06 7rplV 7-V BOrTlacv a'rrAEoe Ka 6 TUU v WKE a' ac ave~XbV SAX'.'AO',vlv ou o.vov oAo/1oXo v KaL T7ev R apLCta- 66 Pco Xopav, areaeTep7cOTOS qPLx7qrov, Xxca tca KacTacrKEVa lOVWTO? vJV E7TrLretXWLka Tq'v Ev/3Jo0a1 KaL POPV CM Bv'lcrPTbov 7raptop'rTo, aucrahXe' eCo'T' XEyEv v7ep:Ptxr7fOV. Tovna' po. TOUTapo 7'ot IV IC -T X Vrrot I eVOLo TaXV 7r'XovUo'O 7t,7VovT7a KatC Ea CvwvvCov [ tcal a8oPO v of rvOO K'a t ryVpL/Ott, U/Se' Tovvav71tov */c,LEv eV) uo6otl fEK 3 feLrOpwv acopot. aa~\eTSp 7(p, \ I,,, / I POs CXetv Kcal Eav 70OUV7Tv CTep(cUaL, o /E1v evoat1Lto Ka C r',yas KcL 0o3Epos 7ratv oEXXqO-r Kca' P/3cppols, et /TovpaS Ka ^ a pt V/aet6' v Eprl/eot Ka raTorevot, T' y /Eov 70)UV 2 0V o/0a ovtIa XaeLerpot, ry () Cov 7rpo1'e 7rapaOvcevy KatrayeXaea ro. Ou 70ov avW7Tov e TpO'7rOP 7rept 0 V/I0) Kgat rtEpt avT(rV eVlOVS ToOV XE7Ov7oV O'pL /3ovXevoi LevPv -OV't La ev lap qo-vx av a yepv bao' t;e3y, KaL rIS viLaS' (, a'T0 8vro n~, ~" ) e P C ov (UvaPTra 7rap'b )vvxlav aP, E ovvaevos avorov a(LScOVPTOS. Elra O)rtv o v vXp qrapeXcov, 0 v 7 a0 e L s 6s y7pLfeP OVE8e KLPO UP;EVVE,2v), a' o/ a'oT -LOS e' tca aX aIc/C OS'.'Eyco 8e Opav;S' perv Ka 3 X3eXvpoS'c Ka aVa8t?S o07' CEl/,& /L-7E 7EVOl1V, a''SpEL'OTEpOP / E'T70 7roXXjo 71raPvv 7T))v tTaLOqS 7rToXLTEV'eo JP)V 7erap V V 68 AH~MIO OEdNOYA (8)69 eCavToVT? ovlean. Oo7-t e 7ap, ay Zpe'AOrvabot,'rb raptwvr a cvvoioffe& Ty 7TvroXe&, sptUvet, 17dF, evet, &'0, ev'Xvpot T Op, OV& a, K ravT r a/-EpEUt XqJOE&t, 7eWr Kac Kacai rroXTrEVeJOa L aoLah s' Opca7 us ETY dVO'7L 107 8 v7rEp TOV /3E7 mTOV r7OXXa 70oL v[LETEpOLS' EvaVTLOVTa&,, \' /. 9 n n e' rXe4Ovov?7 TV7Xr Kcvpla ryoy/vEraC'o O& XOyaojLol, m'Va O cotJoTE-pOwv Elavov 7) T Vevvov ro1 v /IapCxeL, OVO9CoT L VO' OEP Cat XP7atra tT'/' E 7TOXlTs 0 9OLOOU79; ETTLV, 70 OV% OL Tr'7s' rapT?)/Epav XaPrLo9 Ta [E/u~yLra Ts' 7TrxeoS aWroXoCeO Oes9, ovs' E9yf TOLTOVOVV OCr0 r'7OV 7 l)OtL5Elv a~ov9 rroX Ias' T7vr 770oXE Evat, OWT 66 TOa l EpOtTO Le Errw' /OQ, 0V 8 E TI 7)V 7T rX t /v l V c/Oyaov Er7rO, flga9; "E~wl), Z al)'pEs' AO'1lvaaw, icat 7-pt9papXt9 eKTvetV,a/ XopqLybaa Kat Xpp71caTrov Ectoopas' KaLb XveoEtv atXpaXWorOV Kat otcTaowlcS avXas tlXa)Opo'7rtas, ovlv) av TOV7T&W lTrOtIt, aow OTt TV TOLOVT 7TOlU7V6U / 9 >UCI/OPA. I/ 71 Trev/aTCev ov0Ev 7rXOtTEvQo/tat, aXX(a 8vla,/jc)vos a") Lorw?, co7rEp Kca eTEpot, Kal6 KaTT77/OELKa XatpECYClOeab cal b / \ s ) t' ^ e ^ v ) a. ra U1E-VteV KCa' Ta7XC a 7TOLOV^OtlV OVTOL tv5 O E el TO7UTOV WrO7rOT E/CavTov ETata oLE3 7rpo7O'vl o0 V7r1o0 p~8OVs' op' v7ro ()XOTt/la, AXA (ta/lte` Xe We7V e cor ECy(o; -rLE WrOXXCV eXaTTO E''L L rap' Vll, V/CoetS j /n n A c, Et re7EIOE /6Ot, /clpovs av Erb7TE OVTOW ap Lvo9 a'e72 WrlpBovou Et7rEV. oJV8E C/O7E6 OK~E 8LmaLOV TOVT E'Vla n qJx~' "E or C/- tv;e tAva o, VTa r wap (8) IIEPI' TQN EN XEPPONHS21. 69'voX'Tov, 7rotacvrta roXtTev sa aO' evCpKrKCwEV cb NP'yc' tv 7rpTO v0 UIVCW eCaoCat E)OEa9, ueL TO V \hXOV 0V-Ta7'r0ot n a vvava(veacOat 86e T6?L VroXrv 71Oos 7(Tv aya0(J 7roX0t( 7TO)tTLELv/Ja-t, XKat TO /3C-XTtL(OV (, act 7 Oc('0' OEOv',fT"CE,, pa(ctoV ae7ravsa XCyEW E7r EKELVo I-CV yap vo-&9!0o avT?) ]3a&ee TaL, E'TT 7070'C To7 Xoo c) 7t ewpoayeoOaL &(icov7a7) Top a(yLatov 770-XtT7V. IIo)a TO aV / Xcroowo9 7 TOtpVV T7V0o9 97cOVoVaL TOtOV7oP Tt Xe/ovpo?, to9 73 apa e7y XTeyo [eCv ae TAt e'XTt Tra, E'TL 6' ov(Ev1 aX' 7 XO7Ot Ta wap' &o3, 8e2 O 8'p o v 7.~p orr70 rca tE(D TbZJO, Eyco O' eX/ T tpat Kat p e TP. 0 60 (7 ef~o wrept 7. TovT7)1, XE` 7rpoS vzaq Kcat ovc awTo pv-oq.ta. OV(3' ewtatl VOlL1(O TO (V/J18OVXEVOVTO9 V/-kbv epyov O EV t77X1' Et7erCtv Ta 8EX7a-Ta. Ka6t To01 OTt TVTOVO E`X T70V pO7rov, paoe(o9 o'/ at lGe:lhv. IUaTE yap 777rov 74 TO0V', Tt1loC69 77o7 v 6 E ( rlyopfev (C0 8e /3OoetV Kat.70ov Ev/3oea' aUw Ce, (0flTe o3/3atOL Ka(TETOOVXo VTo avTov9, Ka't XE7wYv ecITev ov0 o70 W" EL7r' tot o,'ovXevoOe, ev, O la/ ovs feXovTre ev vY77er, T7 XP7oe0-0e Cat 7'i ef t trot; 7r; O v IC Ch/,rX 7r eCre 771v OCaXaTTav, Ct) a0vpeq AtOvatot, TPtLPO0; OUv av a t rvre( avE (3v18 wropevoeoeo0e et T701 Iletpata; OV K LaOEXE7Te 7a9 va ); OlKov eCreTC 1LE TavTa (~ TtlkleoCo, eTrotln-aT7e 8( V/xCte 75 EX 8\6 71OVToI0).ot(OTEpC rp01a eTrpag'r. TO aE7[Ctq Eo (3' OC Cu(V eT6 rC)(9 0oioV TE T(a aptsTa, 07TreCp eCTrev, ve1t ~ Iare u?/ K [ / V eVo C,' & Av y a~~~~reppav#-aTE C i,ju v7r'covuaTE, ap av 7v nye 70 AHMOYOENOY II1EPI TaN EN XEPPONHLII. (8) 7OpOS' TL Tl )P TOTEC OVAL 4LVTO)P TV -ToXet; OvX Owl) TE. OvTco T ovvyp Kca 7rep' V 7c XEC [Po evvv Kreal 7repp cop 0 O LPL E7], Ta E pC Tip V VT] r'TfET, T4a ( /3eXTo-ffTtrT E7'L-Tf/y XeyeLv 7Lwapa ToV 7raptroPTro. 76'Ev (cE9catXCE 8i' a XE-/CO pacC caa KcTa3tva i3ovXopja,. Xpa -arTa elo-EpePv dql, 8EvP, T'rv v'r'apXov-av (vva.L/v'vvoEXefv, c7ravopOO8vwav Eb 7T (0CoEE Lloj KaX6cL 109 EXCEv, /)7 OJOt cL T'S aT a TOcr Oorat 7'0 XVXov cTXov rpEb0E &Eri/TE7Lr7 Ti'avTaXoL TOVS 8(ta0oVraS vPoUT7fovPTral, 7rpa4ovPTaS oo-a aY vvovraTat T, 7r0Xet' rrapa TriaPTa TavTa ToTV" C7TMf To0S v7lta1 b poCotov"Cot icoXua'cV ial Ibct 7TaTXOV Q v 06 IeTp a caGov EavTOUI 7apEXOPTES' EU te~/3ovXev(oOac 8OK6&Ot ICa' TotS' 7 aXXot3 Kca't ECVTOV. "Av OV'T) ToS' rpca/faacr XP7f00e %a sra o''e I.1 v " aEL 7ravG7q-0E -O'XL7CopovvTreS a7Trav-ov, Loc)S' av, Low(S KacE VV T /3XTI) C 8Xr 7EVOtTO. E iEPTOL KcaOe(eOfe CaXpl To0 eopv/3rIo-Ia KEt' rriLbTPc''rOV' CL$OPTE" zav ia'(e" 7t, OLVLP t ELPLOVOI, E,atOeo pab Xov', ov' OT-e T, 6ap TO).'rtOLbetL vlsVta' a CrpocL7UeO EOV17CETE6L Trjv 7TroXtP CYCO'EL,. AHMO20ENOT2 9 IEPI TIHI POJIf2N EAETOEPIAX. O'pat 3etv a vt Mc av8pes'AOrqvatot, rFepL TYXLcoVuTop w fovxevoiatv'ovS Ml3Ola, 7rappo-tcav EKacrT T9wov Crv/ /ovXevvTrowv.'Ey 6' o8e3rw7croroe 7yctv CXe7r0ov TO! < \ I \ ~~191 Ma`oatc Ta' 3cwoTab v'S tj nAp ereLv aL097rZNro, a7TalT~~ v7rT'pXtvY etyO/coVTe' 1Otb 8oKce7rE), aX\a, TO 77ret2o ~ avTax fcLdUwV ryap w 00Jy cat +B01, TOTE Lo00v TOV 7o-paXuyJvat aareXet OoYOv7TEp,7rp2v ooatt. "EO-Tt -tEev OViv eV CP EC0y lO/ltwO X(apV v+aS vot OBot'2 o0,et'Xc TO'q TOyV' ta' Tr)v avuTw vf pcv VFLLI 7rPOxE,/cavras ov 7rwaXat viv v vl tv lo6vocs 7T77 avTwv o) T?ptas Cxe' Tas' V7[asrl'a. "ALov 8' IcrYOlVatb 7T 7rapodvl ratpc& o f-VL4'cr7eTact ryap v/iL, eapv a XPl /ovXUeVaOr,1OE 7rEpt avTov, S 7.A rapa Tcov 8a,3axXdvx v v TV 7rOXlV?L[cOV /3aX o 7la /py 1 era NooJx icaX.jS' a7rovoaaBOa. HttLaaVTO a EV'ap a ETrt3ovXeVetV avToL Xot tcab 3 BV'O K Po8o, O caO' 83a Tavrta vvero-Tav E5'?yUa TOv TreXevTraov TOVT7O 7 rodehLov' cbavrera 3' t o /ekP 7rpVTaveuoas' TavTa Eca 7reocats Maro-wXoS, T10Xos SW,?7?''l7a? /(Xo1L (nonRv) aco. a.3r dalLn'am'?a dawiv 7rv-IDo./~~al. c)n, cx ~R1 v O7~U,, ) o ) -9vdmL zo, inS ano Ld.Lo i.'Qo.LO o a Onog slo 97ol vao aoLav dv,, sa3vyv-Ig p dl cp/g *7agotd' ioL,. c' C "I C i, \?Or/ iiDo a1a 4fl470~ sogflsokyxO v-Lt0v.L g)gD~d& h a7ran?7v21 vXyv'39139X sc0do anoyog3 xno g apZrin'VWLQv~ aot a ar-/ co/ /',non l / id.Xvid/ aivi/ o sr: na an'aoano,3). 3g. 90.Ontoanr/v's&odQ39.svaoXdiLn osnoW sodiL agrI 90Dosqrvn,4.v1vdwiz vYYv c9Oogo1io avcI X o 4Oai19o /' C I A la C Wsod, a)od9 9 y sa'o, 1L oot aoSDv a90alL L i93 %d /t od3. aOS n~ aodwL7 o a/ -n L odLo ldo r/,s 19od. zo, tc soor'*13? x;9O' c''! c,W L W 1, 47(0 nD/t?davh val o.dv co. - so.qt,, o'?aLO vO, lac aov, r / C C C / v C c I ) C..c vc w1 d9JLR'S)adOBp3LL niyOIL a&W?9yLDVd~ aI9WWLvddL v yndt Wa anj.LnqX1' n4a7 dclL,o/r/ Sdo &noJ.aSRv S,no~ p g qons' Bo?s10?on, 3 anXaL,no-L.,O mnav n4a w,4oY acoav UDL vdvU (t noovrn o.L7n3 a1rn an rJ n3oo.a5q,1 no. ioy J v1.00) a71n avn93'sid&LLo aZOLav sLt noyroglnD?v0vo.0o OL(1OL 1D3X01t 5s29l 5s9vD. 4L a n3 s4 oXxzOV Sn 520W 9 3Dot0iL i7vanlo0 / / 1 1 /C -Itol0D S-L asLc avL n4t 1onorl 0 o7 nnog1003 sno'Q g 734d'5s9WoS(/lOuto0E no aco-Lav aiwl7ftL nLv sioWL o1o}av,Xn iV) oqly sno/nr0rWfn 59 W4 VS9,Lav 0L3g- g?2 0 50*z -9r71od114 a no)n naa?dadgn xs aUW'4ac7$o, rJ acoxop ip 1i (Sil) K XONa8 O WaMe 9 HV z (15) ITEPI TH2 POAID2N EAEYOEPIA2. 73 TOV)70V /1?78 cazP7T7rOLEo-Oat TJrv apXflv. EL V ouV 8 oXo eryp;voKar7, c& av8ppe'AOrtva'ot,'ovc-o aovv )v aoLXevs EKcp'aT77S ryEV77aCt& 4Oa'S aj 7rapaIcpovo'atevo? 7Tva9 ToVj Ev 7aTwS OXEcL, r'apXOeperv, raa KoaX&X e7vwocare, Jo e11o Icplva EL 8e v7rep rTOv'ICtow cab XOXIEv, av TOVOV 86, Kat 7raX-Xet oV OLOTlOVIP Oe p p?7Va, 7rpc70rov peV V/V -rTOV 6E7rlcrT1E OV'rTW O o(r) av /lacXXov EytKVTo o 7oegS TavTa, 7retO' & 7rO07r7et e poveE`V g8e're. o 8'ov 8EV Kpovv ov 0vT v E'ey) XE7O'VV KEXEo),-V 9 Po8t1 EXEVOEpOVZ) JO' V/1et9, av 7rEI-O7Te' j.ot, 770U-t ETCE, 7ow'eye7evq71evrov v/(Pag r O'tK CTVVEV77VOXOT)V Vro/1uv7170). CT/ueV E/E7r.ELj arT7E TqUo'ov ro7e, *7 g at'8peV'AO77vawoc, /8oqO77Oj-ovra'Aptoiap~'dvr, 7rpofaypa93 *ravPEI P * llJn uqtart /Z77 XkVov7a 7Ta crrova'g ra w vrp / a o X e'a. I8ov 8' ecEvo9 i'ov wtEv'Apto/3ap'vnriv dbavepwco. dbcr)Ta,8a(o'eX&te,:aov 8e?povpovpovpevl v7ro Kv7rpoOe't8oo, ov cKa7EO717-cE Tt7ypaPV7 0 /3ao-a E'e'w va7apXo9?, To/ 1-ev aE7r'rovw /77 /07706eV TvV 86 7rpoGaKaOe6b'o/1eVo0 cab f3oqOlo'a-a 7XevOepCoo)ev. I,hfi~o~ ~t'' xcaLt IXpse c Trs Trlepov r7i/epa9 ov 7E7ove 7TroXe/0zo a 10o 7a e!;^U~~V. O; X \. - e t v77oe 8 -Oav' vwv. Ov'lctp (o/o0l OVLS o rEp e 70 ovT 7XEoVeCT'EV 7qrToXe/t7-ELv av aKCL 7Wv c EaCt'r, atXX,'E /1,EV aV eXaTrTOvTat /tXpt 70T ovvarov 7rr've9 7'roXe/o Vcrtv, v7rep 8 70) rrXeoveKCr7Ev OVX oVTr7, oaX EcbveVaL /pev, eav T79 ECa, eaIV 8e K(OXVOWOlv, ov8Ev 08ltK7/CEVac6 T70O craV7LOc, vyca S avrobS rl3,ouv~as. evaVTO6OE` VTa a' ToJ0t9 770VV7a t. J'OT 8' oiVW8 av aeVcTtVoOOPLvat /o0 8oe 7ry 7rpaTec i1 7 74 XAHMO2ENOY~ (159 Tavr7 vA v p APa etfOfla T 7pro'XEcIa ov'rys E7b Tov 7rpaTparOv, 3'ulpa aXcovo'aT' eg oKovpTrre e'' "opS etrEXo 7:OE/a t T a VT oe KaL 71.'Ery( vOoL'coro rpaTtoVTeto puer ev Allv'7rm 7ravO, Cs, wOp17ixe, /Sao-Xedoo cr opa a ApretesV av weLpa7Tva' T rep,!roljoaT Poaov aarv., ov 71 o,, aUsr o XX a a TA 7o 0 To a 7 rX3 otLOV av' oTmq 8ta4pV'0F fCCLOV wLeroga'V eVEpic Xlav KaTan8ffat vp'oo avro'v, V5 6V OLICUOTT aV7TY a~ro8EXotTo 12 7rpdTTovTo? 8' t~ Xer/eTar /ab 8tqpapT.yco0T Otc C' 777' Oab "v v' 3 1'' IzcvJ ov ev az erva tjcr7eb% q/lv EV To 7rapo1tf T6T 8)Cr av/j EpExrjv 7TflXE 3tXta rpo -To pa OTLOUV -rapaltOvet v. ifnOEa t7o7 OKe( PaX ov av vota Tev. aI'.1 A / XOvuab Ie tO' ovv o8\p'oV. Po-ctv v avrv. a' apa oUro l37~x IC \avX KalcKoq.'Er Ka\ a n o b wAlEt trOt7Tat6, O tvt' aXav e LroLb e7TO 7 ctat o Ta, 14I t V EX1/ V 7 0 V I ~ X ~'!! PvT r7-qro -7at ts qrojezs vrtv rOOcov rq ov, 70VT av o yo, X,' C \ 7' v pf a 0 V V, wayvtLo-atio~v ov ryap vrrep av DzV EOOv L*0\bV O0alv ovre? ev avrri _PoSot, vX - crdan~7f~ ~, ozJS 7r3 ~ ~sos, raFpyvoaav UthLLJ 7O UT OU~ yap avtrov TO 0 iev 7rp. )ov, Orto Kca VaXvoa-t o V Tov, rrpo-Xa/3ovra9'a~ T!V 7roXPTtWV, ETr e8r 83 TOU' (15) UEPI TH2 POAI'2N EAEYOEPIA2. 75 E7rpaav, 7rcXv EcK3aXOVTaW TovV V'ro 0 toV ovv lr8Ter`(pL9 WrUrwsT KeXPq1JE'eW0 vov0W aV fv f f3aE/3aloVu 7'iyov1.ab tyEv6oOs c vtL' tXovs. Ka' av'T OOaEOT Eoi7TaOi aW, CK 15 7ev a' ea VT r o vo or r av, E' TN PotoV p7[L /OVOV?y7ov/InV O-VPEpEWV OV76 7ap 7VpOtEv0)oo v )CvbpO^V OV7 ta vovl avT&w ou6erS Eo(rT7 ILOl. OV fff,)V OV3 Ct ravT a/LAO7ETp'JV, EL /L7 OV"'ee' e'/ s 3',0 Z foctb V/pL 97OV/hl1v, cE7rOV av, ETre&'PO0t0b0 7q6E (E& OtOV IE s, w o3 / 9, roUV ErE6V T7C 4ovvaQ7opEuovTr Ti-7 -ar-qpta aVTCV) 7v7yXapw ro v 7yEYEVreLVV, OT6 TOVL KO/oo-ao-Oab'Ta ~LUETEp UVU4CV 00ViaCaV7ES Tlv av7TV ElEVacplav a7roIolXEcaot, Kca 7rapov av7rot "EXK778 Tca O STL (ItiVTCV VIUV E ov o0v1/lJaLXEbVL, ptap/ aposp Ka3'povtXOt, *{ < T a9 atcpoAoT eLe 7rapELvraL, ovXUvuovctv.'OXi- 18 1tV L3 "L' "' a ap'7ro'.Io flov 8E 8O ) XE7ELet, v0. t vet avTrob ecOX, rrqlTr e ioqOrat, _6'IF Ica& svvevrvoXe TavT avToK e yV aEv nYap OEpaTrOV7X CVIC o' 5' roT07' avv cv Jbpovo-at'a O'Xrao-V, o PoTot, p7,o 8e 7retpaOEvre9 KCa 8OLCLaXEvTe Ot 7rTOXXCo ov cafcGCv,1 avotla altra Tro 7rO'oXXot r/L YVET7a Tax av, E.'TvXotf v o(rc)ppovEc0TTEpO 7rp'o9 70rov Xot7Tov XpOV 7EVOLVTO. ~Toio 13 OV /4tgpav w(cXemav avrob, r)7yovcpat. t 7/. 8 Xpqpvat 7retLpoa O U'ECV Tov av'pa' Kro L r lCto-. X - t, s N e ^ r \ hcaKe), Cv7vovUE'ovov s 076 T7FroXXa icait vlE i; v7ro 7T01) E7Ttf3OVXVOCtTv)r)V cE'7r)var Oc, W ov ov0evoq av'TOb 8ovvat 8L3K~7V &lfCatob Al) ctvat ('oattTre. OpTE 8ICE KafceLVo, Ct) av1pe;'AOvaoL, 07T 7roXXoV\ 17 VEtg 7vroXEKo0Vq 7eroXetU1-care TE Kal rpos 8grkoctpaTrla iab''rpo o)tyapbac Ka, TO7J70 /.LE b('FT fKcai a0VT0o 76 AHIMw2O ENOYS (15) c v7rEcp (o1 7rpooS excavepov9s Ea0 V/LV 0 7TeOX/LOlS, TOtVT W)W V/Jov ovCe)' Xo7yeTat. irEp TLVl)V OV)J eCrriv; Hlpo' I/UEv rovI 8O7VIov'7 7rep' TC7)v dWcov eyICKXXqCa'TLv, 01 cvvqO v-ctrwv 8oyqoo-t &aXovf-ao-0ac Ta, A ta'rrov, ov 8vvrIeVroo tCrI/a, ot a t~CePca a.agra, t1 7rEpb y7S pEPOUS q Op)/ JLXOteElCaE09 r \ TL rVyEoLta e 7p o pow' " T 27'''/c wviae 7p01 OE~ T;a' O76Co(Xtpapxl UEp IEV yTOVTu7 V OV(SE)VO% V'rEp 18 E Ttqr 7TOXL&TEacL Ka' rrLq'- eXev0Ept~a, COoF- e60yTr7' ovic oav 6ovv7o-atpI t el7relv actXhov 7ajyetab Uat o-vieplcw a7lO-,ipaTro vt, vov o "To tEXXA va, awavr rraOa X rOJEL cv 7 OXytapXov/sueovo bXov~ ctvat. e Hwpos EV ay.p.XEVOvep? ov9TaV7 ov XaXe7rw's; &v Elp llvJv iva? 7ro-L aoacra POUlif), 077OTE /8OVX'i70EJTE, 7rpos &E OX1taPXOv/ze1o v9 ov;e o7Y tbla a7a to- z w o royap e O7r Oxl7ot 7oXTXotS Kat ~'jTOlV7TE aPXeLt TOt' IUET Ler''7opla? n~'v ppplJvo? evo EVo 7EVOLV7r av. 19 Oavlcuad(c 8', dE, tEs vLL r t-at XiLV ot7yap- lg9 XovtlEzdvv KaEL Mv7LXk'vac1Uov, cat vvIv CPPoov Kca 7cravrCov avOpo7rwv, oXyov 8Co Xtcyew EL'o TaVTqV 717V ovXEW v7racyo/evo)v, TV7W(xSVU1EV e 71v,rap' ~/c v 7roXOtTEia1), j3 XOgyl., Tal, 7'0i3 O OTI, OitK g O"Tl, 07r'0s, et (b oXyapxIas a7raPTa ovor7lo'TeCrat, T7)v rap v/yV G'U/O eao'ovo'w.'lo-ao-at Yap ov6vas gAXov' vrawXtv eXevOeplav,Ta 7Trp af'a c7ravaovroTa. o'ezv S KcaxKov aviot ap 7t 7yevcr'Oat; 7rpoo0roxC0J(t, TOV7T XEt"i /3O20 Xo-ovrPat. To,9 /1E) our aXXV 70) a&KOV; T''C" 20 B77ff~pta& Tovs E~o OsIJ X~ovs vow aSecovvras Ttvag avT'Pv T7r( KCaKC) 7'reTrov1OTCOv exOpovs ryeoOaL XP'7 T0ov9 8e 7WTa' roXbTEbcag ic6araXvoovrag Icab. /JeOtC~1Ta)vTaq e61 (15) IIEPI TH "POAIQN EAEYOEPIA2. 77 oXcyapXiav Kotvouv e wXpo v 7rapaic voul etv ~ Wavo TSW eX6EvEptals ETt0VOVvToov.'EWEvLTta ica'&;Katov, o 2f avppe9 A OA vao&,'A/xokcparov le'vov avrovS! TotavTa qt x xb \,! ) v^ e,, T! fpovovira, 4iaiveoa-Ot WCP'pt TO aTVXOVVTCOJZ &7/VLCO olatep av Tov aXXovs, a~tcooatre RpoveLv WrepL VJCoV, et, w770o09 O b'7, / 7VOt TOt OVTO Trt avU 3atl. Kai yap et 8uKata 7tl fO-(et Po&ovs'7Terwov0evat, ovic eWrIrTIe3o9 KalpoS edoTaO'eva~t Me3 latp 7o0V eVTovXOUVTas 7rep T7Zf aTVXOUVThvv at Oa'EcOat T AX~rurta /'ovXcEvoLEVJOVv, ewre7t87rep a87Xov To f/LEXXov'aEracruL aCvpcowolv.'AKovo 8' E7o 7voXXaKv9 EvTaVb 7rap' evV Ttl JCV 22 9o0-cav TWe9? aVTov Voc~qleva& cwt ov e ] /w'oAo p7E/l%) v'O 7rapovtL jtvgoO-4ooiat /3pa~6. Ov rap 0 a vt"ag /3ovxolpiqv, So0av eXOV1ac TOD ov OEt TOv' aTVXOV6JTa" 197.aet, xet/pov9'Apye/olv E) TaUTfv Ty 7rpavLt Oavjvar, o% XcOpav OlJopOV TY AaKeCCatfoVLtoyv OtlCOVPT7?, Op(L)VTE ecelKov 7?)79 Kcab OaXaT77T7 apXoVTa ov a7ro)KV7aCov ovi8 ~EoIS,Oq7ocw vEvoLiCOo9 v)4bv eXOVTE9 favrovat, act, iat T erpeo/Et9 veXzovvas eK Aalefa4'o vom', Wc` av, ta7jow-ovTa9~ rv7LVa T) V /Vb7dyaLov 70)v AL'fUTEPa efvwg-ravro, ear ql7 77rpOX'?LOV 8VVO7v0o a7raXXaTTC0oal, 71OXqElOV C KptVEtv. E rr OVKh atffXpov, co avcpE9'AB- vaboLt, et To lev Ap7YEI Xq 009 OVC E0O/37 AO 7 Th AaKEsaLttovlo v apXv Ev Ex JCEKVOL v 70oL Kcatpot9 OUeE q'tV pCo7v, V/L otS 8' O' AaLoT,'Aoa't ap/3apov alvOpZarov, eat TaVTa 7yvvatia, qo/-ero-Oe; Kab v ate oC [46 78 A~HM 02 OENOY~ (15) exIECZ t1 av e7rCl,1) 077 7roXXCL Z T7ct T7VTat I7roT Aa e8arZ UAe ttc7 caTe qEIJ, roX alctL Ea~ a, IC/ qTTvrOe6 8 a' OV cW' va ovTe 7T(V 8ov Xro T~(V )IacaX o9 hXews /3aoXLev,~ vov 70V 7rOrlpoTaTOV? 70TCV EX-Xr/vv Kcat 7rpo3oas aVrtyv XpiLpaC' 77-ctaq q ovraect-) aXXweos 24 KEteptT7ExeV. Ka; OvaE TOVTO av'T( o0vvervoOXev, aXX a/iLa eupr7Fere aVTov T7'7V Te 7rTXtv 8tla XaCKeLat /oov) 1-0EVO) 7Tro1lJ(aPTa icaL 7rept T-q9 avTo70v ISa0L\eLas KLV8Vvevoa1)7a wrpos Kt'apc ov K LL Kipov. OV1 T' o0v EIE o0) cavEpou'ce p7rc'EV OV2 E7rLVEva 0V lVoXE' aV7). lOp) 0' VC1 CVLOV eLoL7tXOrro (EV WV te co ap ov8e6vo axtov 7roXXkatL oXtlyopovvTca', 8ato-LXEa eo L(YXVPOV EXPoV Ol) av 77poEX?7at (o/ov,1E ovsv. E' 8' 70v e aXov o[9 0 a[LvvovLeOa, z 8' (09 o/3epp ) 7rave';~ v7ret0 cv,7rp'o?'rlva(, (o avope'AdOlvcaot, 7rapa- 198 ca4o/LeOa; 25 Ecr-t 8;' 7tveOS, ( a'v8peE'AOplva(oO, T7rap' v/zlv 8etvo'7a70L a( oc8Aat X\EYElv v7rep 70v aCXXtov 77nrpk vpas', OL0 7rapatvEo'atC1[ av e7(yye 70T0o-o70V LOVOV, V7r o p VIo( 0.Tpo9 vov)7Xovv ~vTEZv1 8/[cata Xd/tv, \' / LV auTo70 7 7Trpo~oor07K a 7rp(70ro1 (/at)VoV7a 70ro(0ovVe (9 eo7stv aro7rov 7rept 7rV 8tKcaOv v( a9 OLOa'tcKEtV avTov, up a? au oy ov KLatLa 7rtOVVra' ov 7ap e0-Tt 81catov 0ov7a 7ro0X7Tv T70ov9 KO ut/oVv Xoyovs, aXXa t Tov7 u7rep Vr4c E6 E0cfEat. P'p pe yap Qrpo9 UEwv (T0oKfO7e(Tc TI 07 7'f07 evI BvUario 0ov81/9s ao-O'' tawc E/KetlOVs L1w ICaTCa (15) IIEPI TH1 POAInN EAEYOEPIA2. 79 Xa/3avewv XaXKV8ova, ) fiaoCXESo [ e' OTV., E6XEJ..av.T..qV[LEb, E/ECVOS 8' ov&ao[Ocv'TrpoorCEL' /IU7 e ZiXvl3ptzav, vrot v VfoTepaYv OTE oVL,aXov ovav, cs aUvrovs OvvTEX~r 7woleJtv Kai BvtcTavrtIov~ oplt` Tfl 7' TOVTWrv Xctpapv Tapa T70o op0cov Kca, TasL 0-vv07caS, el, aI; avtorotaovs' 7as 7TgXELT Elatb Cyepa7rTat. OVE;7 Mavcoo)Xov ~Tw'a, ov3e eXevTT'JarTo0s eceKLVOV T7lv'ApTreolav 0V o& elT O 06 ast:eo C f/l) caTaXaL.t/3acEv Kwv Icab PO8oK caa aXXa,3 eTEpa9 7roXeLS EXXXqI}yaS, cov 3acrtXevs' o EKE6lv V &E077O/ToJ ElV Tat; cvvOjfcas'' a7reovr, TOL' EXXo't, cab 7rep' cWv roXXov'; LV8vvovS cat,caXoivs ayawvas ot KcaT ECEvo V' TOV; XPOlVOvS "EXXqrVes' E7rr7Lt avTO. E' acpa Kcai XEyEL Tvs apfOTvepoLV avT7oS) aXX Ob 7 rE tE-LOpEoL0TOTOt70l0, (0 eOtKCEl, OVIK 2,,'EyNo K 8[lcaLov,.ev Be'l' oPat K1a7-~'lo 7'P'Po- 28 otoLrv /?,Lov' ov /1?v a;X; Ica a eb tk 8[`catov v, oT'av F' a v7OlOVl) OVTOb 3pxE0, p00CEL) otat 7TapaLve199 cat car7aTeyEt. AJtL TI; OT7C 7ralTOl [fEv,; atSpes' AOvabCdot, Ta cKaLa 7TrOLELv COp[1L?7fOTL) ato-Xpol?7[a', Ovv A, a~ ~gT OV' 7.t X ow., l)V [U EovEXE, aovW (sE Tl Lee aXCk l)v oaws) (lt/cL [tOVO'; f" T ct/o7r ata Vlu)v-OPab l 7rapao-Keva'o[E`o)w lpvov)'eao'a OtLeCat 7Tpo'TEvECcOat, [)SEVOl) aVTLXaEL[L/avol) LEvo0U', OVu 8KatooIvv, )' 3' I f ^ v,7v, aX% ava vpiav l) 7ovtaL' gopw y7ap a7ravTas r pos rIv 7wrapovav Vvaal siv TOv Cll) ecaltcov aLouevovu. Kal 29 Wa8PaEL7la X7CLlt) TOVTO l )OV 7 l^ L l 7ptLLO. vapate~7/a (l 7 T X aL vwpbv "/X')psa &o. Elat cvvOrKat ToZs EXW7cb IOTOU v/rw aopor.X~a, aq 80 AHMO ENOYS (15) E71ro0t377caTo q a t70X9 b 7/1 ETeepa, aS? asvTe eTKE EK7 a0bo ct Kat Le-ra Tav' vTTepov /lataceaLt,'ovtot TaVTa' cv a1 IcaTq7yO0povolt KcaV TaV7aLS' OV%6 TaVTa 8ltKata a/.'0oTC pat9 copoTacT. T(ov l1erv rTap;lt[oV t 8tcatoV TCnV) v JTat rtOXLTTEttt' 06 lOLOt KOtA7iV 7qI)V /IETOVo0Lta Aiooaw ICCa6 to-v xab Tots aJo- ocvCo-ta 7a Tw0L9 XvpoVp' TW)V (EX^,, C ^ ~Xrqvlvc)vK &Ka.)v 06' CpaTOVVTE', Op"O-Tat T'0JlS 77TTOCO 177vov0rat. Z30 1'Er7reL8 To0I/Vv) VpLW e7v(Otevat Ta 86cKata 7rroTL 7rrapXet, owrao Kaba wpaat 7TaviT' bo U4kv e6rTat, 86e rtco7re. "Ea-rat 8 aTaV aT, E'A V7r7OXfl0 ne C OtVO,7rpooTa aTat 727 a7raVTCoV eXevOeApLas eavat. El/TC0OTS 8e /LOI 801Eei XaX erWroaTov v rat 7patat Ta SEOTra. WToq.ev eyap ahXXotv a'7ratV afVOpo)7rot s e ao(Ov 7TtL 0 7rpo' TOV 7rpOr7XOV exOpOV3, ov eav icpaTrljoGcGtv, 31 o0VEP Elt7ro00v aVT09 KGVPtOtS T~O ya7wv ctvat V/l o, c( avope'AO7ovaoot, ovo, OVTO 0 0 o xcat TOt' afXXOl, Kat 7rpOoEOU e'TPO'r TOVTOV 7Tpo TepO Kat etacv v' S e ON I N'A I A /ap v/la'; /OuXeEVOlEJOvs, KpaT'oat6 TvW Tovama T7 c EVTOt70L'7OXXOVq (a')So TavToy V T/pv TartV atpeto'at Tj -OXtTia ia, LO9o evo act t at 7rapa Ta)V OcO V r aVro?.x ~ ~,! X > X s s e ^! oeecL6 trC'tvTo r aatat, oV /tr1 aXa Icat v/la;. aO Ttv eXtO &Kalfo aTtap-Oat.'EXpv ryap,' av~po?'A077va1ol, T7/V auT7qv eXeCv c~avocav vCa 7rept T'r CV 7T,1 (15) 1IEPI THS POAIDN EAEYOEPIA2. 81 7rWOXTELa T`4EWc rfP 7rEp 7rEpb TISg V Tas a7TpaTetat9 eXETe. 1W OU0vv eTLV avU7T; TreLS TOPv Xe t7rovTa Tr7v'vW Ta 6 Tr1-ko" 0/,60116 V7ro TOV crTpaT7I7o0V TaLrV TaXOEoTav aT'zLOV OLUe TTPOcrjIKEV EeIvat Kab /ul)&VOeOs TCOV KOtlV)CJ [LETEXEl!. AXpI TOLVVV Kma TOUV TI)V7 V7rO TOW 7rpo0y7o(0V Ta6vP 6Ev Tr/ 7TOXLveLa q'rapta8eo/1ev7v XEWt7roVTaS Ka 7roXLTEUvo/elEovO oXLtapXtio's) atTit'OV9 TOO O-V1/t/3OVXEV'EJJ VlV. aVTO.. 70U av upo\ ^ i, aro.'rotetoFf0a vv' 6 7K'V T J GVru(v"Wa OfV TOV9 TOv aUJTOV C XOPO)v Kab OXoP VUlLV 6ELV towCOKOTacovas VOlt'6rT EVIVov_,TaTTO9U 7(0) 7TEOXLItTVOI.EVW)V OV'S LU-TE 6aog TOV'q'o V6OXe&'CXpov? pp'U EvoLV, TOVTOUVs'TC TOTaTOV''AXXa y ovp ovX 0 TL tlC KaTr/YoproeL T ov7TcOv'r TO' 34 a\Xots' vaUtiv EtrWrMEL XaX \7rOV-CVpe6bV. l X a7T0 7TOLO)w Xory7v, n) 7rpaiecnS 7rola9 e7ravop(owe0Tai TLV ac vv owe pOwpso %eXe, TOOT ep7Ov eUpetv. "Io'ser / oV OVv oe06 TOV 7rapoovT tcapov r rept 7rarv7w XEel' aXX' cav a 7rpoeoqadSe 8vVvO'7-e ee,6 rvpoo'a )cvab uyepovr' ren, wpa et, p?7UOE ysVPr)T ELrtKVpOj atb 01) 4O fTL 7'f2Ltt KLat TaXX av (0)S KacaO eev acet J3E4XTLO CXOtlq. eEy 35 Ev O'vV otq at, 8etLv vica, aVTrXa,3aLveteUOa TroV 7r7payPci01 TO)V TOVT7OW EppO)[tEVO)', Kat'7pCTTEL TIta TI 7FOXEO)? EvOuVltovL/teoVu OeTt XalpeJ'7 aKcovoVTCe, 07oTa T 7l rtratlV7 fTOV 7rpO7OOV9V VtOWV Kat Ta 77rerpayieta cKelvor9 6&EtCq ab.Ta~ TpOeata Xe7yY. NO'l/eE 70o evp 7aT ava0elva TO7V 77rpOYVOVo tvOzWv 0 tva Oavtar'(TT a OTa o - povvTre9 /LoPoo, LoXX? roa vKav /.Ub/t'77OE ras' T)V avaOV Te ) apeT'aC. 'N OTE So (83) NOTES. OLYNTHIAC I. THIS Oration was delivered in the assembly of the people, B. C. 348 or 349, on the application of the Olynthians for aid to enable them to repel the attack with which Philip of MIacedon was at that time threatening them, and proposes a definite plan of action suited to the crisis. Its contents are as follows: 1. That as they must be supposed to be chiefly anxious to know what would be for the interest of the city in the case in question, they should be ready to listen to any who wished to offer their counsel, however little premeditated. ~ 1. 2. That as the present opportunity, although they seemed unaccountably indifferent to it, plainly called upon them, even out of regard to their own interests, to interfere in behalf of the Olynthians, it seemed to him that they ought at once to vote to fit out an armament from Athens, of citizen soldiers, to proceed as soon as possible to their relief, and in the mean time send ambassadors to inform them of;heir purpose, and watch the course of events there. ~ 2. 3. That the mere presence of the ambassadors would lo much towards preventing the effect of the wily arts of Philip in getting control of the chief interests there; es8 (s5) 86 NOTES. (1) pecially as his very absoluteness, which gave him greatly the advantage in war, would prevent the Olynthians from coming to any terms with him, lest he might destroy their free government, as he had that of so many other states. -There was every reason, therefore, for espousing their cause zealously. ~ 3-6. 4. That the fact of the Olynthians being in open hostility with Philip, and especially as this had happened in consequence of his aggressions and injuries, and not at the instigation of the Athenians, would make them their firm allies, and the determined enemies of Philip. ~ 7. 5. That their experience of the evils of neglect, in many similar cases, especially in that of Amphipolis, should teach them not to let so favorable an opportunity of reestablishing their authority in those parts escape them; since it was by such neglects that Philip had attained his present power., ~ 8, 9. 6. That the opportunity now offered them of repairing the loss of Amphipolis, and wiping off former disgraces by gaining Olynthus, was another evidence of the continued favor of the gods towards them, which had been manifested, indeed, at all times, but had generally been frustrated by their supineness. ~ 10, 11. 7. That such a course was necessary, in order to prevent Philip from bringing the war into their own country, as was evident fiom the past career and known activity of Philip, compared with their own backwardness and inertness. ~ 12-15. 8. That the expedition, in order to be successful, should be directed partly to the relief of Olynthus and its neighboring cities, and partly against the country of Philip. ~ 16-18. 9. That they had sufficient means for sustaining such an expedition in the theoric fund, if they were disposed to draw upon it; but if not, they could contribute a special fund for the purpose. ~ 19, 20. 10. That the condition of Philip, at that time, was far (1) OLYNTHIAC 1. 87 from being formidable, since most of his conquered cities and tribes were treacherous and rebellious. ~ 21-24. 11. Finally, that unless they now assisted the Olynthians in checking the progress of Philip, at this point, he would inevitably bring the war into Attica, which would be far more disastrous to all. ~ 25-28. ~ 1.'Avri ] "against," "instead of," "before," "above." Generally used thus with the genitive after verbs of esteeming, exchanging, preference, and some others, instead of the simple gen. of price. *K. ~~ 275, R. 4; 287. 1, (2), b.; C. ~ 54. 10.- v] Belongs to 2oi'Cat, and gives it a conditioned meaning. K. ~ 260. (5); C. ~ 73. 4. —ra to Wuov avvoiaet] " the course which will prove for the interest of the city." Like the Latin periphrastic fut. - vvvt] Stronger or more emphatic than vrv. - oOre] Literally, " when," but here used in a causal sense (" since "), as our when often is. K. ~ 338. 1. - E0kAetv] Observe the difference between this verb and,ovuXojivwv (" to be willing to hear those wishing").- -EKce ttvoc] Perf. part. of atoraeiv, from a different stem. (See hO~oTEETE above.) The forms from aKozrio are used, by Attic writers, only in the pres. and imperf.- i2t3otre] For the opt. with iv, after a principal tense, see K. ~ 339. 3, a; C. ~ 73. 2.-T iVxg] "fortune," "favorable destiny of the nation," "happy genius of the state." Demosthenes often speaks of the good fortune of Athens. See De Coron. ~ 255; also, Philip. I. ~ 12, et passim. The word is governed here by eiZva understood, in the sense "to-belong to." K. ~ 273. 2; C. ~ 54. 11. -rrota.... eireizv] "that much of what is required should occur to some on the spur of the moment (EX rob 7rapaxpjtza) to speak." xroX2u% is the subject of E i-0i 2, and elireev depends upon it, and expresses the purpose or result. K. ~ 306, R. 10; C. ~ 70. 14. See the same construction, K stands for Kiihizer's Greek School Grammar (lst Anmer. Ed.) and C for Champlin's Gre ek Grammar. 88 N 1'ET3S (1) Plat. Gorg. 485, E. But some govern eilreZr by rd 6e6vr9co ("m uch of what ought to be said "). —( r'] Followed by the infinitive, expresses the consequence or effect merely as a conception, as real in thought (i. e. logical), but not as an actually occurring fact ("so that in the nature of' tlhings," "of necessity"). K. ~ 340. 3, b; C. ~ 70, R. 2. —7TrIvrwv] "all together," "all of both kinds," that is, both premeditated and unmeditated. It is stronger than the simple c-ag. — WG] Governed by uav/4povrog, as a dat. of advantage. 2.'0o ev... Katp6] " The present opportunity, then." Pv refers to d', a few lines further on'(iJegS 6'). I-t is concessive, and shapes its clause with reference.to that. Its force may here be best given by simply placing an accent upon opportunity, and 6' may be translated by while. But in other cases tdv may be translated by while, whereas, and de by no particular word; or 1tv by although, rnot only, and de by yet, but also, etc. Sometimes when jiv precedes o6v it is closely connected with it, and does not point forward to a 6 in a following sentence. In this case it is a shortened form of fthv, and is used with o'v in answers and corrections. K. ~ 316, R.; also, De Coron. ~ 130. - 6vov o6,i] " only not"; English idiom, almost.-;eye, povtbv pgtel] " almost speaks, sending forth a voice"; that is, almost says audibly. A species of personification. - Ort.... EoTtv] Observe here the position of'EeCivcv (" those there," "those well known ") and abroZi (" selves "), each being placed after its word, and separated from it by an intervening word, forming, evidently, a sort of after-thought or emphatic addition. Thus: "that you should participate in the transactions, - those well-known transactions carried on in Chalcidice, and that, too, in person" (i. e. not by mercenaries). -bltv.... anrot1 is the dat. of the agent after the verbal lvrtTnorrov Etriv. K. ~ 284. 3. (12); C. ~ 59. 11. - av6rv] Reflexive of the third person used for the second, the reference to the second person being sufficiently determined by the person of the preceding vert (1) OLYNTHIAC I. 89 Thus often. K. ~ 302. 8. But some prefer at&7v, referring to 7rpayuTrovw.- lue E~6'... abr&,] Observe the order of' the words, and the happy manner in which they bring out all the nice shades and limitations of the idea intended to be expressed. By introducing the attributive part of the object, in the form of a separate sentence (OiK oV6' 0 vv&, " I know not what "), between the noun and its verb, the incongruity between /Eatc and /oi (" we seem to me ") is concealed, by removing them further fromi each other, while at the same time, by its emphatic position ("while we I know not what"), the idea is rendered more intense. See De Coron. ~ 67, my note. - ] "now," "then," "therefore." To be variously translated, according to the connection, but always referring to the certainty or inevitable character of something. It is a shortened and weaker form of q6u, and conforms to it very much in usage, except that it cannot stand first in its sentence. K. ~ 315. 1.- y' /oi] yE denotes emphasis and assurance, and frequently implies a contrast. It usually follows its word, but often stands between an article and its noun, or a preposition and its case. Its position before or after t/oi seems to vary the meaning just as it is in the English expressions, at least to me, to me at least. B/oi seems to be a sort of attributive to the following word, and to coalesce with it into a single idea (" the at least to-me-appearing good," -': what appears to me to be proper is ").- 6oKo'vrra] Neut. plur. referring to the following infinitives.-7 6y'] "now at length,"'" immediately," " without any further delay." Implying that there had already been too great delay. And thus, generally, /dv6 refers to time just past or just to come, often with the accompanying idea of its being out of season, -too late or too early, like the Latin jam. See ~ 9,fin. - voevdr] " ifrom here," i. e. from Athens, and not by mercena ry soldiers enrolled abroad. — ppOOoCre] This is the manu script reading. It has commonly been changed into the future in conformity with Dawes's canon, but that canon is now 8 * go NOTES. (1) rejected. Jelf's K. ~ 812.- -rp6repov] Some three years before (B. C. 352), during the siege of the castle of Hera ('Hpalov fretoi by Philip, they voted to send aid, and talked about it, and employed their time in endeavoring to get together a mercenary force, till it was too late. See 111. ~ 4. - irpeafitav d&] de "while." See above. This is the second of the two things which he proposed. — rabr'] " these things," i. e. their preparations to send them aid. — rapearat] "'shall be in the midst of." So as to watch their movements. 3.'Q2s rL.... dioo] Let these words be translated precisely in the order of the Greek (" as there is especially this to fear ") and so in all cases, as far as it can be done and make a good English sentence. It is believed that pupils will find great advantage from always following this rule in their translations. - tlvOpcroc] The reference is to a definite person (Philip). Orations being designed for delivery, both crasis and elision are more common in them than in other kinds of prose, as is always the case in oral- discourse. See ~ 23, IV. ~ 50, et al.; also T4v'pvd, II. 18.- -' pa)yLpaLt Xpyocat] "to avail himself of affairs," "take advantage of circumstances." The shrewd management and untiring activity of Philip are oftert referred to by Demosthenes. See ~ 14; also, II. ~ 3; De Coron. ~ 144. - Tr p7v] "some things," "partly." So ra 6?.... rad', below. See K. ~ 247. 3, d. And for the repetition of C6,'see ~ 28, note.. — Mvlta av rvx,] "r when lie may chance to yield," " if he yields at all," _ "perhaps." rex, is personal, and edowv is to be supplied. Thus often. See II. ~ 10; IV. ~ 46, and other passages referred to by Franke. -4Strtaror] " Jam multas enim urbes expugnatas exciderat earumque cives vel interfecerat vel vendiderat. Cf. IX. 11." Saupp. - i&rovaiavl' absence," i. e. the want of an embassy there. This he would turn against them, by making it appear to the Olynthians that it arose from a want of interest in their welfare. - rp71r'at.... rpayytTrcov] 9" may turn (1) OLYNTHIAC I. 91 to himself and wrest from us a portion of our vital interests." Thie phra. e,a 7; Ota 7'paytara, or simply TX o2La, is used like the La-in sumntna (or sumnace) res, to express what we call the highest interests, the combined interests, or what is of vital importance, or of a decisive nature, as opposed to what is of temporary, local, or subordinate importance. Demosthenes regarded it as of primary importance to Athens, that Olyntllus and the other Chalcidian towns should not only be kept from fhlling into the power of Philip, but also should be kept from coming to a reconciliation with him, which he was fearful he would effect by his artful measures, notwithstanding their recent rupture and present hostile relations. 4. ob /jv ca;X'] " yet," " however." This combination of particles arises from an- ellipsis. The first two properly refer to some predicate to be supplied from what goes before, here rpgePerat, perhaps (" he will not gain them over indeed, but"). - trXezucmr] " probably," "perhaps," "6almost."- -ac] "9 also." - Eteivov bYa orra] a' him, a single man," "that he, a single man." The subject of elvat. Demosthenes often speaks of the advantages which Philip had over them in war, from being an absolute ruler, and consequently having the whole control of things himself. - abr-v] "himself]' i. e. in person. -rb Ta 70-o] Observe the accumulation of articles. b6 refers to the whole substantive idea expressed by the following infinitive and its adjuncts; -ra is used substantively (" the affairs ") and governs wro:tlov with its article. See a similar accumulation of articles, III. ~ 11. —IIoa;. 7 rpozxe] "is much in his favor." iro2; -- dat. of measure, K. 285. 3, c; C. ~ 60. 3.. 5. o -rEp.... xdpad] A good illustration of the difference between wrepi and &wV'p, when they approach each other nearest in meaning. Translate, " not about glory, nor even in defence of a part of their country." Vir9p implies a stronger interest than iepi, or Vi'rp is = "for" (in favor of, in defence of, for the sake of); 7repi -- "for " (concerning). But 92 INIOTES. (1) as used by Demosthenes it is often difficult to distinguish them. See De Coron. ~ 9, my note, jin. -avaarca'eo ] Governed by ivramp, to be supplied from the preceding senten6e, and in the sense "' for the prevention of," since their interest was not for but against the thing. -a r'] -' refers forward to ica before IIvvaiov, and shows that a is to be repeated there. ic, together with a personal object, is governed by roirae ("what evil he did to those of the Amphipolitans who betrayed to him," etc., i. e. how he used them). K. ~~ 279. 2, 280. 2; C. ~ 58. 2. - arTarov] Belonging to the predicate of i rvpavvig, but in the neuter as referring to xpbza, understood, or by way of expressing contempt. K. ~ 241. 2; C. ~ 52. 3. " Sententia, cujus veritas non tantum illis temporibus cognita est, sepe a Demosthene repetitur. Orat. VI. 21; XXIII. 108." Saupp. — 7ro2tarealt] Constitutional governments, as opposed to absolute or arbitrary governments. Hence, "free governments," "democracies." -;Lc 72re cv] "especially." For an analysis of this cornbination of particles, see De Coron. ~ 5, note; also K. ~ 321. 1, c, examples. 6. raS2X' a' 7rpoaiEe] C" Scil. bEoveaEo-at. Gloria majorum, Graecire principatus, oppressis opitulandi consuetudo, glassationes et injuriae Philippi, periculi magnitudo." Wolf. — rrpooietv] Supply vo0v; "to give attention to," "devote yourselves to with zeal." A common usage. Both this, and the preceding infin. (7rapofvvOiiva, "to be aroused from stupidity") depend upon ZOeZraat. 7. Nvvt] See ~ 1, note. Words will generally be explained but once, unless some new usage is met with, not included in the previous explanation. On the recurrence of the word, the pupil can refer to the index to ascertain the place where it is explained. - ca v ra0i'] "and that too." - 6c Lv] "as would." av exhibits the hypothetical character of the optative more strongly. K. ~ 260. 2. (4), a; C. ~ 68. R. 1. - Iuxp rov] " up to a certain point," "for a while," (1) OLYNTHIAC I. 93 " only temporarily." Opposed to e,3atav.... 6e o Epav, below. - rafri' al.... aav-] Literally, "s would have remainied cognizant of these things," i. e. would have retained this disposition of hostility to Philip. The periphrastic fbrm of the verb implies the being in a certain condition. K. ~ 116. 13; C. ~ 35, 11. It will be observed that this and the preceding clause represent a condition and its consequence as contrary to fact or what really exists. This is expressed in Greek by the indicative of the historical tenses with el and aiv. K. ~ 339. 2, I. b; C. ~ 73. 3. Here, where the reference is to past time, the imperfect and aorist are usually translated into English by the pluperfect. See IV. ~ 1, note. -ra 7ny.... yYlhA:UiaTV] "on account of the injuries against themselves." t, "out of,"'fiom," in a causal relation, very naturally comes to mean "out of regard to," " on account of." E'yzATunP6rWo (lit. " complaints ") here means " causes of complaints," i. e. injuries. Thus, also, De Pace, ~ 14. aivro* seems to be the true reading rather than aproiv, since the orator, in speaking of their hatred, speaks of it from their point of view, that is, represents them as entertaining it on account of personal injuries.-eih:c] " it is probable," " natural."'ari is understood, as is generally the case with Exi6o. K. ~ 238, R. 8, b; C. ~ 50, n. 8. rapawreTrrwo6ra] "unexpected." Observe the force of.irapt in composition (" having fallen out contrary to expectation"). ravr6v] Thus, also, ~ 2, and most commonly in Demosthenes. But the form without the final v (TaVT6, III. 18; also TOtO7TO, Tro70oro, 7VtCOVTo, instead of the forms with v) is often found in Demosthenes, as in other authors. K. ~ 96, R. 1 and 2.- oio1xv] That is, home, or hither, = "when wie had returned." They had just returned (B. C. 358) with a victorious army from Euboea, where they had been to expel the Thebans (see De Chersones. ~ 74, seq.), and might, therefore, have proceeded at once, in compliance with the entreaties of the Amphipolitan ambassadors, to the 94 NOTES. (1) rescue of Amphipolis. But Philip dissuaded them firom undertaking its defence, and took the place himself. See II. 6, note. - -az] For the accusative after this with a verb of rest, see V. ~ 11. The contest with Philips for the recovery of' Amphipolis continued eleven years, and was, indeed, the commencement of a long series of difficulties between Athens and him, which ended in the conquest of Athens itself. 9. 1Id6va] This and the other places named here, together with Pherao, Magnesia, and some other places included in rat'2a (see ~ 12, fin.), were important cities at the head of the iEgean sea, in each direction from Amphipolis, situated either in Thessaly, Macedonia, or Thrace, and mostly in alliance with, or in some sort of dependence upon, Athens. They were taken possession of, one after another, by Philip, till, a few years from the taking of Amphipolis, he had reduced them all under his power. -- ti -r4 rp7rT]' to one, the first," "the first one," "the most important,".-" Rarius decendi genus. Cf. Isieus, 8, ~ 33." Saupp. N-t5ovt] "easier to conquer or control." - Nov] "as it is," "Particule temporis sepe internse rerum rationi exprimendae adhibentur." Saupp. - axiaev], Rarer form for e;rIV, but common in Demosthenes. See ~ 14; De Coron. ~ 45. But it rarely has the meaning simply "to have."' Hoc sensu solet efav dici." Saupp. - Oror....'Otvvtov-] "this of the Olynthians," " this offered by the state of the Olynthians." The claiLse is parenthetical, and explains icatpf.... rg. I; nterdum Graeci ita loquuntur, ut, quum prirno rein indefinite significaverint, deinde eam certo defiaitam adjiciant." Saupp. 10. rig,v] rts is the subject of docei, which is personal here, and from this arises the peculiarity in the structure of the sentence. See De Coron. ~ 107, where the construction is the samne as here, except that the attracted nominative (here rlt instead of rva) has no predicative qualifications, as (1) OLYNTHIAC i. 95 hlere (iiaamtor;o/YL7T...t. * caTia(r). v is pr'paratory, being designed to indicate the character of the concluding part of the sentence, before the intermediate clauses are introduced. It is repeated, therefore, in the closing part of the sentence (av cietv); C. ~ 73. 7. - cai7rep......o22Cv] 6 although many things do not go with us as could be desired." —troAocdvil uacJ Understand Mucc. For the frequent use of the infinitive by Demosthenes in the place of nouns, see De Coron. ~ 1, note, j.n. - ara rov r6;Ecuov The war for the recovery of Amehipolis. The extension through the war is conceived of as "down through," and hence iara is used; when acv& is used, the conception is " up tirough," whether ftrom the past towards the present, or from the present towards the past. - 7rc j!erbpag Caeeiag]f Partitive gen. governed by 0civ (" would place to the account of" - would refer to. K. ~ 273. 3; C. ~ 56. 3). The terms are those of an accountant (2oylT,'c)*. See De Coron. 227, note. - UTre.... rg] "neither.... and." A negative and positive clause, found occasionally'in Greek, as also in Latin. Jelf's K. ~ 775. 3. urie, and not o7re, is used, because the conception expressed by the infinitive with the article is necessarily general, and refers to no particular case. K. ~ 318. 4. - &raa] " long ago." — TrorTO1 " this," i. e. loss. Or rather, rorTO is here an attributive of the kindred idea, " this szTfferiny," thus." K. ~ 278. R. 1; also, Soph. Antig. v. 550, Woolsey's note. — reqrlyvevat] Second perf. The first perf. is not used by good writers, on account of the unharmonious combination of the letters yKa which it would require. So of all verbs whose perf. would require this combination. K. ~ 149. 6; C. ~ 37. R. 6. - -v-uazxiav..... avr)5o7rov] " an alliance counterbalancing these things," i. e. promising to repair their losses in the contest with Philip for Amphipolis. Referring to the Olynthians, who were soliciting their alliance and aid against Philip. - Oeiiv] " Personte mutatio in verbo finito Oei/1 iv nTg et Eyye y a OEiev aptissima. Primum non ipse 96 NOTE S. (1) ex sua persona vult dicere, altereum dicere suo nomlne gaudet." Bremi. 11. rap6pot6v Earcv] This illustration of the principles of national gratitude for the favors of Providencej by those of gratitude to Fortune for her favors, is very ingenious and forcible, and characteristic of the manner of Demosthenes, of summing up and bringing out, in an apt and vivid illustration at the close, the spirit and force of a series of observations on some topic which has preceded. See other illustrations of this method, ~ 15; III. ~ 33; IV. ~ 40; also, De Coron. ~ 243, note. - av.... aiv] The first is a contraction of k&v (hence it stands at thebeginning of its sentence), and the other is the modal drv. - va2j6oa i&0Oy] " unconsciously spent." The verb may be rendered adverbially, and the part. like a finite verb. K. ~ 310. 4, 1; C. ~ 71. R. 1. ivYaXimro is found both with and without the augment in the augmented tenses; but the form with the augment prevails in Demosthenes, and the orators generally. However, nearly all editors admit the unaugmented form here, in the compound which follows (avv&Xoae). - r7v 7rpayjd7T&ov] "affairs," "public interests." - rrpc] " in view of;" " according to." A meaning arising directly from its primitive signification, before. - -rdv TrapZvrTWv] " what has already taken place," "the favors of fortune," (See II. 2, note). The rrpiv or wrp6 found in some MSS. seems unnecessary. — b:avopOwaoaSevo] "; having rectified," " set right." 12. Iai] "also," i. e. if- they should send away the Olynthian ambassadors without aid, as they had the Amphipolitans. - el-'.... C a7itarapEperat] This sentence is parenthetical in its nature (" if we reject these men - then he will subvert Olynthus —)." In other words, it is a direct assertion thrown into the midst of a hypotlietical sentence, and thus represents the act as certain and independent of the condition, and consequently adds much to the vivacity of the sentence. -r rb ar' d&pxrC] "at the fir.st." (I) OLYNTHIAC I. 97 The article gives a substantive meaning to the preposition with its case. See L. 6. - Tb:Trp7rov] At the commence,ment." The article shows that rpi)rov is used substantively; without the article it is used adverbially (" firstly," "first of all"). "Adverbiorum varietas (rto rpcnrov, tersC araDa, WrXiLv, avOtg, elra) Philippi et negotiositatem et artium quibus usus sit vat ietatem apte depingit." Saupp. 13. rvO'..... rp6rov] "having secured to himself all as he wi.shed." rawvO' is a sort of summing up and enlargement of the separate items included in Kepar K. r. 2. rp6rov is an accusative expressing the aim or manner. K. ~ 278, R. 3; C. ~ 57, R. 9. Philip entered upon his conquests in Thrace, B. C. 352, a year after he entered Thessaly, and six years after he took Amlphipolis. - rootl Ev.... kcaraaraae] He ejected Teres and Cersobleptes, and established Amadocus and Berisades. WTolf. - W;v.... &rc;nev] "4 again obtaining relief (lit. having become easy, he had not fully recovered) from sickness, he did not turn aside to indulge in idleness." The allusion here is to his attack upon Olynthus, which gave rise to this and the two following orations.Ur'.... 7rpo. ] the proper meaning of enri being " upon," and that of 7rp6, " face to fhce," "(against," the expeditions seem to have been differently conceived of by the speaker. -The first two, perhaps, were the most successful, and were more wasting, ravaging campaigns (" descent upon, among ") than.the other, of which nothing is known. Franke places the first two in B. C. 356, and the last in B. C. 352. Arymbas was uncle of Olympias, wife of Philip, and king of a tribe in Epirus. This outline of the career of Philip should be firmly fixed in the memory. 14. -rtf av euroL] This sentence is parenthetical. In ~ 19, ind elsewhere, &v is found before Lvr, making the same dif-'erence in meaning as. in the two English sentences, one rould say, and would one say. - "Iva yvte,... a. aOfrOie] that you may know and perceive." An oratorical 9 98 NOTES. (1) pleonasm. The first word refers to mental, and the second to sensible perception; hence the second implies a more vivid conception. Such oratorical expansions are common in Demosthenes, though never carried to excess. See De Coron. ~ 21, note. - 4t'6Tepa] A sort of preparatory ace. in apposition with what follows. See II. 1, note. —bad' daroTV aEi] "always in each individual case." - &yarn7ja roiZ re8rpadyLuvotgr] "having become satisfied with what has already been accomplished." The dat. expresses the ground or reason. K. ~ 285. 1, (1); C. ~ 60. 1. -a6 v] Philip. -Etyvwcx4 carat] "shall habitually feel or think." For the peculiar force of the periphrastic form, see ~ 7, note. — GlvrXt7jrreCov] A verbal, implying ditty or obligation, to be taken with eivat, understood, and the dat. of the agent (here the Athenians), -- "you must participate." — TroT'] "I should like to know." Corresponding to the Latin tandem. --— Xirt] Understand tariv.- raevriaat] Used instead of the future to express the bare action of the verb. K. ~ 258. R. 2; C. ~ 63. 5, 5. re2evrdv takes elf with the accusative, because it implies motion. K. ~ 300. 3, b; C. ~ 82. 2. 15. OarIC] The relative clause here, after obrW, is used instead of an adverbial clause introduced by Tare. ort —' &nre aVr60, as, in Latin, qui is often equivalent to ut is. K. ~ 334. 2.- -etereEV] Attracted into this form by the influence of the following verb of motion, instead of tEKz (L" the war there," "the war now remote from us"). K. ~ 300R. 8; C. ~ 82, R. 2. —'AuL; yvy] " But in truth," "but most assuredly." a62Xi is adversative, and /iv confirmatory. — 7_ After verbs of fearing, etc., followed by the finite verb, a, here, means "lest," "whether not," like the Latin ne o: numne. K. ~ 318, R. 6; C. ~ 81, R. 3.- avet~lCevot... r6Icoet] "hiring money without concern (a,&wfS) at the hig! rates." The article here, as in most cases, correspond entirely to the English article the in usage; here it denote a thing as well known (" those high rates so common I (1) OLYiNTHIAC I. 99 Athens," they varied from 10 to 36 per cent.). For the rates of interest in Attica, see Boeck. Pub. Econ. Ath., Bk. I. Ch. 22. - Ica rTv.... a7twanoav] "have been wont to be rejected even from their paternal estates." The aorist here expresses a general truth, as the result of experience,what has always been found to be the fact. This is what is called the frequentative use of the aorist, and is very common in the indicative (C. ~ 63. 2), but is not used thus in the oblique moods. (See the learned. note of Professor Felton, Aristoph. Clouds, new edition, p. 157-162.) ar~anicav, being in the second aorist, is intransitive, and hence is capable of being rendered passively, as above, —esr 7ro;22a] " at a high interest." That is, if they now purchased quiet by paying Philip a large tithe of their possessions for it, he would by and by- take the whole, Attica and all. -- ipov2t6pteoa] See also the form with the simple augment t, ~ 13; also, IV. ~ 51. And so of the other two verbs (4ivaialz and [tOjuut) which vary the augment thus; they are found with both forms in Demosthenes. 16. ~ravrbc] Possessive gen., governed by elvat. So also av/43on2Lov, below. K. ~ 273. 2, c; C. ~ 54. 11.- ro d'] r/ shows that all the words, including the relative clause and all, as far as i7rofaiveaOat, constitute one substantive idea (lit. " tlie-to-meet-the-present-exigencies-what-it-is-necessarvto-do," i. e. what it is necessary to do to meet the present exigencies). -roiv alrTov] " those to blame," "the guilty ones." - ev bpy. roteOGe] lit. "you place in anger," i. e. are angry at,O 6pypieaoe. So ac tv axvi rwo7oauv. De Coron. 136; also, Etroiet Ev atria elvat, Xen. Mem. I. 2. 51. — /] Used because the negation is merely a supposed or conceived one, and not actual. K. ~ 318. 1, and 3, e. - o tiv] "not surely," or rather, in an antithesis,'" yet not." Jelf's K. ~ 728. 3, b. Used in asserting as not true what might be supposed, from what has gone before, to be true. Xen. 3Mem. I. 2, 5, Kiihner's note. - -viroaUreiaaat] lit. "to funr 100 N O' E ~S. (1) my sails," i. e. conceal his opinions. "Vela contrahere improprie dicuntur oratores, qui ingruentis ir~e populi quasi tempestatis providi cautionem adhibent in dicendo reticentque si qum iram populi excitare pdsse videantur neque audent animi sententiam libere eloqui. Cf. IV. 51." Franke. 17. 6tx,] "in two ways." Originally referring, probably, like all the adverbs with a feminine dative termination, to 6d6 understood. - Irag r62Eet] "TU ~V r XaKct6ctK (XIX. 26G), duas et triginta numero (IX. 26, quas Philippus exeunte O1. 107. 4 (A. C. 349), in suam potestatem redegarat." Franke. -0i &rpov] "the one or the other." Formed by crasis from Trob krpov. K. ~ 10, R. 2. 18. Vi7rojeivac rorTo] " enduring this," i. e. the ravaging of his country. - rapaacriaerat] "shall subject to himself:" Used as in Soph. 0. C. 913, where the scholiast says: i-b'apiaraaat Zaov Gar7 r Kicara6ovtoZtg Kaa viroyeiptov 7rode. -- el'02wvvOov] Instead of tv'OZavOw, on account of the motion implied in,oqOcsavrTwv (1" having brought aid to Olynthus," instead of "having rendered aid in Olynthlus"). See ~ 14, note; also, IV. ~ 3, 4.- _-a obcot] 6" the affairs at home," i. e. IliS country. - F rpoafaOeeirat tiat xrpoaedpe6ret] "shall sit down by and watch the affairs." Words -relating to a siege and nearly synonymous, but employed for the sake of oratorical fulness, and the better to express the patience and assiduity with which he would prosecute his designs. 19. ytyV6CKo] "6I think." As y1yv7Xcaetv refers to internal knowledge, it often has this meaning. -, xp&arco wr6pov] "a way of procuring means," "source, income of means." He now proceeds to consider what means they had for sustaining the military operations proposed. I-le goes on to say that they had means, -the largest military fund of any people (see IV. ~ 40). He refers to the theoric fund, which was originally a military fund; but it had been diverted to theatrical purposes, and other purposes of pleas. (1) OLYNTHIAC L. 101 ure, by the demagogues, for the sake of pleasing the people, who had even made it penal for any one to propose a bill for reclaiming it to military purposes (see Boeck. Pub. Econ. Ath., Bk. II. Ch. 13). He has to deal very cautiously with the subject, therefore. He touches the same subject again, III. ~ 11.-'r poN2LeaGOe] "as you wish," i. e. not as they should. Referring to their misappropriation of the fund to the purposes of pleasure. - rpoa&!.... vd6e] Observe the difference between these two words; the latter implying a total want or absence of what is needed, and the former only a partial want. - airavror] Placed before the article, as in English (" all the"). K. ~ 246. 5, y; C. ~ 49. 10. — ygp0e] "propose." This was forbidden by law. See above. 20. Mlla] 1"no by," or, simply, "by." When without vai used only in negative sentences, or in sentences preceded or followed by a negative. -a x rair' elvaL arpalrorLKua] lHe does not propose to divert the theoric fund to military purposes, but says there was need of its being done. -Ka uia a.... eovra] "and that there should be one system, the same both of receiving and doing what is proper;" i. e. that all should be allowed to draw pay from the theoric fund, and should be required, in turn, to serve their country in the army, or otherwise, as the case demanded. The plan is more fully developed, III. ~ 34. v,eTs de.... toprat] "'while you think it necessary thus, somehow, without trouble, to receive them for the festivals." oVTro is explained by ivev rpaytr6mvw (" thus, namely, without trouble," i. e. without public service).-" Aoc vero adjecit, ut fieri id quidem aliquo modo diceret, sed quomodo fieri posset se non intelligere." Saupp. At all the principal festivals money was distributed from the Theoricon for sacrifices, etc. See Boeckh's Pub. Econ. Ath., Bk. II. 303; also De Coron. ~ 119.-'E7arl6 2?otwr6v] That is, they must do this if they would persist in thus misapplying the theoric fund, and not allow it -to 9*~ 102 NOTES. (1) be appropriated to military purposes. - Ae de Xpe7 wvLSrc] c" any how (6d) we must have money." Money is the nerve of war. 21. caOd6a7tKre ] Intransitive; "have become settled" — are. - ra!tTidrirov] "' the affairs of Philip I iean." Added at the last of the sentence, as a kind of after-thought, for the purpose of further defining ra' rp&ypzara, which has all along been used of the affairs in Chalcidice. -,' av ut&XXgir'] "as favorable as they might be."'xot is Utnderstood, to be supplied from'xet, one form of the verb from another, as is often the case. K. ~ 346. 2, a. id implies obrso ("thus as,") which, like other demonstrative words, is usually understood in Greek, unless some emphasis rests upon them, and only the relative word expressed. Supplying the sentence containing the demonstrative, it would become "so favorable as the most favorable." K. ~ 343, R. 2. "Opponuntur vcro particulis onre.... oVre ea quae jam habeat Philippus (ra 7rap6vra) et belli jamnjam futuri fortuna incerta." Saupp. - Tro1Tov CeZiVo-] Placed last for emphasis (" this war, he").- eti iroZeayiv.... aVr6v] "j if he had thought he should be under the necessity of carrying it on." Here -ro ue/fv.... &eiegetv seems to be entirely equivalent to the verbal 7roXetr-ov EaearOat. - s iirutv] lit. "as if advancing," i. e. by a mere feint of fighting. The construction is the same as in the phrase 6 e-trrcv. K. ~ 341. R. 3; C. ~ 70. 15. -- C ra 6dtecvurat] "and then he has been deceived," "wherein he has been deceived." A copulative with a demonstrative word is equivalent to the corresponding relative, as et is is equal to qui. The use of Kdra here must be accounted for something in this way. -yeovr6] " having taken place." Agrees with TOmro. 22. TaTra.] In the neuter, perhaps, on account of the influence of rac in the preceding sentence, but referring, evidently, to the Thessalians themselves, or rather to their character. — Kotud, 6',.... Toi6rj1 "and just as tlhoy were, (1) OLYSTTHIAC 1. 103 are they now also to him," i. e. treacherous. " Proverbium velto Cerat[: at. yp r'a OTT:rTaltv LrLra." SuMpp.r - rL] "any longer." IHle lad enjoyed the revenue from them since his expedition to Thessaly (see ~ 13, note), by virtue of' his conquests there. - xcap rocOat] Infin., expressing the purpose or result (" to reap the fruits of"). See ~ 1, note; C. ~ 70. 14.- ra.... oVa] " public interests," "governments," " confederation." -,r6 Tro6rwv] "by these revenues." Adr6 is often used thus with the genitive to denote the instrument or means. K. ~ 288. 1, (3), f; also Olynth. III. ~ 34. - dotj "it were proper." This is in the opt. (but with yi6p instead of' 6rt), since the orator, in giving a reason for the course o' the Thessalians, gives it at the same time as their view. K. ~ 345, R. 1. — ei arcrvv.... c:ara'rTioErat] "the means of support for his hired soldiers will be reduced to an utter strait." gvotc is dat. of advantage after rpoocr. aVr7r is dat. of the person in respect to whom the act takes place, with the verb kcaraaraoerat. K. ~ 284. 3, (10); C. 59. 10. 23. ye] "too" ("but in truth the Poeonian too.") The singular for the plural. K. ~ 243. 2; C. ~ 47. 7. -7r2tL] " in short." — aZ yap] Like the Latin etenim, are employed when the reason is a clear one ("for truly"). Strictly, they do not both belong to the same predicate, but yap refers to some confirmatory sentence understood (as, "well it may be so," or something of the kind), which SaG connects with what goes before. — ivopwTror] Observe the rough breathing (for 6 cvOpwrorg). Used by way of contempt for Philip. See De Coron. ~ 139. "Philippus comi quidem et miti animo erat, sed ita ut interdum gravi ira correptus in devictos petulanter et insolenter ageret. Conf. ~ 3; III. 18, seqq.; IV. 9; IX. 26." Saupp. -- r yap.... yiyverat] "for well-doing (success) beyond one's desert (i. e. unworthily, unjustly) is the occasion of evil thlinking (insolence) to the rude." The allusion is to the well-known 104 NOTE. (I) effects of sudden success upon uncultivated, low-bred men. The student will observe the antithesis (which it has been attempted to preserve in the translation) between eL 7rpaTTEra and KaK5Cg Qpoveiv. 24. &carpgav.... Katpov] Observe the play upon the words, (his extremity, your opportunity).- avv6pacaat ra rpayytara] "to help sustain the undertakings," i. e. to join with the Olynthians in repelling Philip from Chalcidice. The figure is taken from helping one bear a load. —tp' a &e] "for what the case demands," i. e. for the purposes explained in ~ 2. - ro'f iZovg irwavrac] Not only the other Greeks, but the allies and subjects of Philip also. - -afiot] "might receive," " be favored with." — rpbr r? x6pl] " on the borders of our country." With the dat. 7rp6o denotes rest before or in the presence of something; hence, near. —7rCis v....'E2LOeiv] The structure of the preceding part of the sentence strictly requires here r7t tro&t6rar' av Wt2., but by a species of anacoluthon, the orator adopts the interrogative fbrm as more vivid. - Elr'] Expressing indignation, as we often do by then, these things being so, etc. - EL i,6'.... telezvoc] "if not even what you would suffer, if he should be able," i. e. the hardships of war: There is a contrast between raool-r' and wroLtaat (" will not dare to inflict what you would suffer"). ob is used before ro2tiarcee, because the negation contained in 106' is a mere negation of its clause. oa is used instead of /z, because it forms with its verb but a single idea (" shall shrink from "). K. ~ 318, R. 1. 25.'Ert roivvv] "besides then," = —porro. roivvv is properly a causal or deductive particle, but often has the causal meaning in so slight a degree, that it'simply indicates a continuation or transition. It is thus in the present case. See K. ~ 324. 3, c. - bKtrvov] Observe the emphatic position of this word at the end of the sentence. - cvrlXy] "hold out against him," " resist him." - xrv vr'&pyovaav.... Iiap7roLuevot] xdpai' is understood here ("the country in our possession (1) OLYNTHIlAC I. 105 and inherited fiom our fathers "). Thus, also, in the pred vious sentence, and often, (see ~ 18). Attica is meant. This, he says, they would enjoy the benefits of fearlessly, since Philip would be kept at a distance. 2G6. MA ilav..... EoiYoWc] " Let it not be deemed too severe to be said: they will even zealously unite with him in making the irruption." The fact was, that the Thebans were urging Philip to make an irruption into Attica.iOtO re] See II. ~ 17, note. The Phocians were in the midst of' the Sacred War. They were hard pressed by the Thebans, and threatened by Philip. The Athenians were actually aiding them. —'AXX' Tav]" 7 Est blande objicientis; Xi rav enim, ut gTrammatici dicunt, tratptiKj EIgKvI7oeC." Schlaif. It is employed in representing an opponent as courteously suggesting something to avoid a preceding conclusion. See De Coron. ~ 312. - Twv &romirmrnrv.... tcaetal ] "it would, indeed, be the most absurd of all things, (lit. of the most absurd things. See II1. 2), if what, although at the risk of the imputation of folly, he nevertheless blazes abroad." The adversative particle ptaog is used here with reference to the concessive idea ("' although ") contained in the preceding part. - frpfet] In the filt. instead of the opt., because the condition is regarded as a fact or reality. K. ~ 339. 3, a. 27. TptaiCovTCa 7tdpag] "Sic vulgo dicebatur pro ttva." Schaf. -feu yevao8at] That is, in Attica, but out of the city. The argument is from the weaker to the stronger ease. The aorist is used because the simple fact of being from Athens is the main conception, and not the continuance; or it is conceived of as a single act. But the receiving provisions from the products of the country, while on camp service, is a repeated and continued act, and hence requires the pres. (lau,0ivev). K. ~ 257. 1. - 7rXov.... dEa7wrvriaOE] "as many of you as are farmers (i. e. either owners or tillers 6f the soil) would, I think, suffer more loss 106 NOTES. (1) than what you nave expended during all the war hitherto (rp6 roi)," i. e. the war with Philip, commenced about ten years before, in a contest for Amphipolis, and extending to other places and interests, till it had finally reached Olynthus. According to Dem. Olynth. III. ~ 28, it cost Athens fifteen hundred talents. -- w62z6g rnt] " a certain war," "any war," i. e. an actual war, and not a mere encampment out of the city, as in the case just supposed. — rpoE6a0'] "there is added," "there is in addition." As the Latin accedit is often used. — vippi.... ala;Xvvl] "the insolence (i. e. of the enemy) and the shameful management of affaiirs (i. e. on the part of the Athenians themselves)." -OVEI./ Etiurrav] "less than none." Thus the Greek generally. See ~ 9; also, Xen. Mem. I. 5, 6. But we usually say, " not less than any." "Less than none (not one)" is logically the same as "not less than any." (C. ~ 54, R. 2.) It is not strange, therefore, that the Greek should adopt one form, while the English and most other languages adopt the other.- Trolr yE ac6poctv] " at least in the view of judicious men." The dat. here denotes the person in whose view the thing is so. K. ~ 284. 3, (10); C. ~ 59. 10. We have here a good illustration of the force of ye. See ~ 2, note. 28. klceiae] In Chalcidice; abroad, out of Attica. -,tater ~rOtOVvTec] "by the blessing of God." See De Coron. ~ 231, note. "Haec et similia addunt ii, qui quod vel facere aliquem vel alicui evenire dicunt laudant. Laudant quia vel recte facere alter videtur, vel gaudent ei bene evenire." Saupp. — h mai] The military age among the Athenians commenced at nineteen. See De Coron. ~ 177, note. The sentiment expressed here is very patriotic, and reminds one of those celebrated lines of Burns: —"Then, howe'er crowns or coronets be rent, A virtuous populace may rise the while, And stand a wall of fire around their much-loved isle." (1) OLYNTHIAC I. 107 - &cepaiov] Expresses the result, "so that it may be safe." If it had a strictly attributive sense, it would have been placed between the article and its noun. K. ~ 245. 3, a, b.- TOVg d26 Vyovrag] The orators. Observe 66 here used the second time after #Ev, in enumerating several classes or particulars, of which all the succeeding stand slightly opposed to the first ("not only the rich... but also the young.... and the orators too").- v' al,,. r. A.] "that the rendering up of the account of their public measures may be easy, since very much as affairs are with you, such judges will you be of their measures. May they be favorable, for the sake of all! " That is to say, as it was obviously better for the country to meet Philip on foreign than on their own soil, even the orators were interested in sustaining him in the course which he was proposing, of sending out an army immediately to the relief of Olynthus; since, otherwise, Philip would enter and ravage their country, and thus bring down the indignation of the people upon them for not adopting a policy to keep him out of the country. 6ara is a less common form for Zrva& (K. ~ 93, R. 2), and, like that. used with pronouns in the sense of fere, somewhat, etc. K. ~ 303. 4; C. ~ 48. 9. Observe that rev rero2treviEuiwv and rwv xreTrpa//a6vwv refer to the same things, but the former as mere measures proposed, and the latter as accomplishzed..Eptur.O is aorist, as expressing a single completed result. K. ~ 257. 1. — Evea] This preposition is, found also in two other forms in Demosthenes, namely, tveca, bvEiev. See II. ~ 28; De Pace, ~ 6; also, K. ~ 288, R. 108 NOTES. (2) OLYNTHIAC II. THIS Oration was delivered soon after the preceding, in the same year (B. C. 349), in order, as is generally supposed, to decide the wavering Athenians, who were reluctant to enter into the contest with so formidable an enemy as Philip, to hurry off, as speedily as possible, the armament which had been voted on the previous occasion. This he endeavors to effect, by exhibiting the insecurity of the power of Philip, on account of his unjust and faithless character. The course of thought is as follows: — 1. That the favor of the gods towards them, conspicuous in many things, was more conspicuous in nothing than in raising up for them against Philip such enemies as the Olynthians. It became them, therefore, to act worthily of the occasion, and not, by abandoning the allies which the gods had thus raised up for them, to prove themselves the most unworthy of men. ~ 1, 2. 2. That he dcd not think it best to attempt to stir them up against Philip, by referring to the dangerous power which he had already acquired, since this would only reflect credit on him and disgrace upon themselves; inasmuch as it would appear that his growth had been promoted by shameless neglect, and even by treachery, on their part. He would rather arouse them by describing the unfair and deceptive means which he had made use of in acquiring it. ~ 3, 4. 3. That, by the deceptive policy which he had uniformly employed in gaining his ends, till he had exhausted all its arts, he had not only made himself appear contemptible, but had laid the foundation for a reaction against him among all with whom he had had any thing to do, including even his Thessalian allies. ~ 5-8. (2) OLYNTHIAC II. 109 4. Nor could he, as some seemed to suppose, maintain his position by force, since he could not rely upon his allies, who were only waiting for an opportunity to join his enemies and revenge themselves upon him. lIis kingdom was founded in injustice, and could not stand. ~ 9, 10. 5. That, in order to promote this disaffectionr towards Philip, they should send an embassy to the Thessalians; and, what was even more needed, fobllow up the words of their ambassadors by zealously joining with the Olynthians in the war against Philip. ~ 11, 12. 6. That, his allies having once declared against him, there would be remaining to him only his regular:Macedconian subjects, and his mercenary forces, of whom his subjects had suffered great inconveniences and evils by his continued course of conquest, which sacrificed every thing to his own success and agrandizement, while his mercenary soldiers, from fear and envy, had been gradually deprived of all the ambitious and high-minded men, till he was left with nothing but a set of supple tools, submitting to all the caprices, and indulging irl all the vices, of their master. That these evils, though they had been thus far concealed by success, would at once be revealed by the slightest reverse of' fortune, which it was in their power speedily to bring about. ~ 14-21. 7. That Philip appeared formidable, indeed, if judged of by his success, but, undoubtedly, the fortune of the city lwas naturally quite as good as his, and would be seen to be so, if they would only use the same strenuous exertions to insure success wlich he did. Which, however, was not the case; but, while he was never idle, they were either sitting inactive, or merely passing votes without following them up with deeds, and that, too, when formerly they had often made great sacrifices of their own interests for those of the other Greeks. Thus, after a long war, they had accomplished nothing, while, instead of engaging in the war per10 110 NOTE S. (2) sonally, they had committed the business to a few generals, and spent all their time in indulging in expectations from these, or else in censuring them and bringing them to trial for their failures. ~22-25. 8. That their losses could be repaired only by entirely reversing their course of conduct, and entering with zeal into all the toil, expenses, and sacrifices of the war, instead of devolving these duties upon others, and an their failure (which would be inevitable, under these circumstances) increasing the evil by forming themselves into factious parties, either in their defence or condemnation. ~ 26-31. ~ 1. TIv rT laV] ilt is nominative to do0KE, and av belongs to Mi-Zv (lit. " any one seems to me that he might see"). The peculiarity of the construction arises from the use of doiei in a personal, instead of an impersonal sense. See the same construction, I. ~ 10.-y7tyvoputv'v] In the pres. to denote a general truth, or permanent condition.- ovx yWt17' d6] "but not the least." This use of a negative with a mtinutive word, instead of the direct positive expression, is very common in Greek, as it is in English. - T yap] Observe the length of the sentence here used as a noun; all as ftar as iv-tUaractv.- og rro;eticaovrat] "those who are ready to contend with P]ilNp." — eyevaOati] "have sprung up.' -r-vae] "'certain," " some considerable," "great." Se(.6r62lu6i Tag, I. ~ 27; also, K. ~ 303. 4; C. ~ 48, R. 9.7o 7lItTrov] 4 what is the greatest." An adverbial accusative, in apposition with the following sentence. Jelf's K. ~ 580, Obs. 2; also, III. ~ 31; K.*~ 279, R. 8; C. ~ 57, R. 9.taA;ay(itg] In I. ~ 4, we find lcaraZ2aytsg, apparently in precisely the same sense, the only difference being, that the orator is there speaking of Philip's desire for a reconciliation, as the only party interested, while he is here speaking of the feelings of the Olynthians on the subject. In the first -ase, then, but one party was thought of, while here both (2) OLYNTHIAC II. are thought of, since Philip was known to desire it, if they were only willing. 6&aZlayr7, then, implies more strongly, "a mutual reconciliation." - eira] The 66 corresponding to the foregoing Pttv is omitted, as it generally is with this particle, since the opposition is sufficiently implied by the particle itself. K. ~ 322, R. 4.- datzovia.... Odia] "superhuman.... divine." 2. airo3rl] "ourselves." It being sufficiently obvious from the connection that the Athenians are referred to, kyacE is not expressed. Besides, the contrast with daltoviaz eepn/eaia is better expressed by the simple avbroi. - 5re &T.... i7rapi6Mvrwv] "how we shall avoid seeming more unfavorable to ourselves than the circumstances of our condition." The fut. after 6tror t/, following verbs of considering, etc., exhibits the purpose as more certain. K. ~ 330. 6; C. ~ 79. The ace. with 7repi exhibits the object merely as such (" to," "' upon "), while the gen. exhibits it at the same time as the cause or occasion ('" for," "concerning"). rav vrxapxo6,rov " the things furnished to our hands; " referring to the providential raising up for them such an enemy against Philip. This meaning is directly deducible from the proper meaning of vrrapXo. See De Coron. ~ 1, note. -bntL r-v aiaxpdv] "it is base," (lit. " of what is base"). Possessive gen. K. ~ 273. 2, c. Genitives like this are considered by the grammarians as in the neuter, the neuter being the more comprehensive gender. - piaZZvov bc] imo vero, "nay rather." &, being adversative, increases the corrective force of jza2iov. Or perhaps it may be considered as ref'erring to a tacit concession, of the preceding statement, and as opposing this to it as nearer the truth ('"yes, I may say this indeed, but rather"). It is often thus found with ac.2Uov. See ~~ 8, 22; III. ~ 14, et al.- -[ p6vov.... ia2>L2a atl] Used, as the corresponding particles are in our language, to connect two sentences, of which the latter expresses the stronger case.. t/k is used instead of o., because the case is representoe 11.2 NOTES. (2) as merely a supposed one, though it describes very accurately the actual case of' the Athenians. -- r6rav] " i. e. onw)twv, a6vWv,? 6ivv, prrpv." Wolf: This and,r6Xewv are separative gel., and depend upon wpoa'yEvovg. K. ~ 271.'2; C. ~ 5. 6. 3. urv] Responded to by & in ~ 4, ('A (~). A fine specimen of 7rap2Eape~r, as it is called, where a speaker or writer, in declining to say any thing on some point, contrives, in the very act of declining, to say all the severest things. - irko TroVraTV] in favor of these." The rehearsing of his acts to stimulate the Athenians to do likewise would, of course, be commending them. Hience ivrrp, and not repi, is used (see I. ~ 5, note). ro'.(JV strictly refers back to pu/vv, but as his power was exhibited in many individual acts, it is put in the plural by the construction icar' ai.veatv. - ~tl2orttiav] Lit.'"love of honor," but here the result of the love of honor, i. e. honor. -7i/7zv 6' oytXi tSa2Xu&c IrerpajOat] 4" while by us they seem to have been managed badly." A sudden change of the construction, in order to avoid directly charging upon them the opposite of what he had attributed to Philip, i. e. ir~iav and ado&iav. - iTrkp r-,v Guiav....,~v aVrof] Lit. " beyond his desert or rank," i. e. beyond what would naturally be expected of him, from his position and resources. It may be translated here, then, "above expectation." So 7rapa r77v aifav, I. ~ 23, "contrary to expectation," i. e. unexpectedly. 4. 7rapa~2wdi] Often used by Demosthenes in this phrase, but usually in the present instead of the future.-&vEv61'] "hence," i. e. from Athens, and perhaps he may mean from the very bema upon which he was standing. Referril gI to the Philippizing orators, who had thrown their influence in his favor, and, as he says below, had legislated for him. _ditv];' satisfaction," 1" punishment." -ro7rov] This is the emphlatic use of the demonstrative after a relative. (C. ~ 48, R. 7). The gen. denotes that about which something (2) OLYNTHIAC II. 113 is said. C. ~ 53. 4. — A.... e V] "but both what it is possible to speak (lit. "what is in the case," "6 what is practicable") without reference to these." etv is not unfrequently used thus by Demosthenes. See ~ 23; IV. ~ 23; also, De Coron. ~ 12. a is implied before each Iai in the two following sentences. - pov2opgvots] " to you wishing." Governed by taivotu-'. - rav'] Placed after the relative clause by a common Greek idiom. K. ~ 332. 8. 5. E&2yyetvJ " Scil. a7ra0v wrioph:ov Kal ctrtarov 6rra." Franke. — o.... aivecOaL] Used as a noun, and governed by ~veKca, to be supplied from above. -7vra &Efet4voev] " has exhausted all his arts." - ica T.rp..... abro] " and that his power has come to the very end." 6. OewOpcv ia eal oonwrv] "viewing and considering." The second implies more reflection and inquiry than the first. - eVr6Oetav] "simplicity," "folly." Governed by n7poaayay6uevov (" taking advantage of our simplicity").- r icar' apXa'j]," at the beginning," i. e. of their troubles with Philip. The preposition with its case, preceded by the article, is used as an adverbial accusative here. These troubles, as before stated, commenced about Amphipolis, in B. C. 358. The Olynthians here spoken of were ambassadors from Olynthus, inviting the Athenians to join them in repelling the threatened attack of Philip upon Amphipolis. They were soon followed by an embassy consisting of Hierax and Stratocles (mentioned I. ~ 8), from Amphipolis itself. - revv r.... fcaraacevuaa]_ " by saying that he would restore Amphipolis, and by constructing that once far-famed secret." Allusion is here made to a singular transaction, illustrating the power of the government, even under democratical institutions, to barter awaS the dearest interests of the people without their knowledge and against their wishes. tPhilip wanted Amphipolis, and, as the easiest way of obtaining it, seems to have found means of dissuading the Athenian government frosm resisting him in his attempts to gain possession of it, *0* 114 NO TrS. (2) under the assurance that he would deliver it to them as soon as conquered; while he quieted the Olynthians by putting them in possession of the towns of Anthemus and Potidea. The affair was kept as secret as possible (the ambassadors sent to make the arrangement reporting the details only to the Senate), and only leaked out by degrees, so as to become a matter of common conversation (Opv2Loi6/evov) but never of absolute knowledge. See Thirlw. Ch. XLII. — Tro0V7] This is an emphatic repetition of the idea contained inll r.).. 6acetv, C. r. a., called the retrospective use of the pronoun. W. ~ 304. 3; C. ~ 48, R. 6. 7. ~t~iav] This is governed in the same way as eiOeEav; so also Oer7ra2mo below. - te;ieiv] "by having taken away," i. e. from the Athenians. EIe took it soon after lie took Amphipolis (B. C. 357).-itar rof p.v..... KElvotf] " and thus injured you, his former allies (see ~ 14), while he gave it tothem," i. e. injured you in doing them a favor. The student will observe the force of /zv and di here, and how impossible it is to feel and express the combined meaning of the two clauses without taking them into the account. These particles shape their clauses with reference to each other, and always should be translated so as to express this reference. See I. ~ 2. - OerraXov d6l 6& here means "finally " or'"too." It is used thus after pev, in adding a second particular, which sustains a common relation with the preceding to the concessive clause (" making use of not only our simplicity, but also of the friendship of the Olyntliians and finally of the Thessalians"). See I. ~ 28. Philip is said to have made use of the Thessalians themselves, because le enslaved them. - rTbv OwKucKOv 7rt6e1ov] That is, the second Sacred War. —'oag d&] The use of 6d here is to be explained very much as with pu0a2>ov (~ 2), i. e. it implies an opposition to some clause understood (" I might go on enumerating particular cases, but, in short"). - 7rpoa2a[tp&vvv] i"attaching them to himself;" " taking them as coadjutors." (2) OLYNTHIAC ti. 115 ") emosthenes ita Athenienses admnonet omnia, qum TPhilippus perfecerit, non perfecisse eum nisi Atheniensibus, Olynthiis, Thessalis deceptis. Id quod sperare poterat se facile civibus persuasurum esse. -Ioc vero illud est quod efficit, ut Demosthenes herois instar inter mquales emineat ejusque orationes etiam nunc hominern cordatum quemque movean; et admiratione efficiant. Non Athenienses bellum gerun: cum Philippo, sed libertas cum lubidine, pietas cum perfidia, virtus denique cum pravitate et vitio." Saupp. 8. ToirUW] " these arts," i. e. of deception, etc. —06iKa.... Xrp&aSEv] This expresses the motive under which they acted in joining him; they thought it for their own advantage. When, therefore, he goes on to say, they found it was solely for his advantage, they would cast him down from the height which he had attained at their expense and by their cooperation. - Katpo.... ia 7rrpay[Lara] "To this state, be assured, Athenians, the affairs of Philip have come" (see I. ~ 21). KatpoD is a partitive gen., governed by roOro. It is placed first for the sake of emphasis (" as to condition"). eiv here is not the concessive tev, requiring a corresponding 6d in a subsequent clause, but a shortened form of the confirmatory tlv. It is often used thus with d6j following it. (K. ~ 316, R.) Or, perhaps, we may suppose the corresponding de to be omitted by a change of construction, at the beginning of ~ 9. - rape206v] " coming forward," i. e. upon the bema. —i s ol,. r. X.] I-Ie is here describing the case of the Thessalians. 9. Kay pnuv] Marks a transition to a new and more important point. K. K~ 316. 1.- -yerrat, otEra. 6] "is persuaded, yet thinks." The second verb impliesmore uncertainty. -7a irpuyfara] A word often difficult of translation, and to be rendered variously, according to the connection, as "affairs," "public interests," "state supremacy," "power," "state," etc., like the Latin res. - ra xopa] " oppida munita sire castella." Franke. - r.... - poe2tyqva~t] C" by his hav 116 NOTES. (2) ing preoccupied," "' taken possession of by anticipating you." Comp. III, ~ 17; IV. ~ 31. 1"Dumn Grimci deliberabant aut classem parabant, Macedo, qui bella non indicebat, velut morbus inexpectatus, media smpe hieme jam caperet urbes improvisus; quod alii facturi videbantur, ille facere occupabat." Vom. —"O rav tv.... avarf] "for as when power subsists by mutual good-will." tzev is responded to by 6', just below (orav 6'). ixr' is used after the intransitive Uva7,T, as after the passive. K. ~ 299, I. 2, a. — d petv] For o,UvtOpecv (" to bear together"). The two infinitives are so closely united, that a6v prefixed to one seemed sufficient for both (as we say, " to labor and bear together"). See Soph. Antig. v. 537; C. ~ 82, R. 1. — al.... a.... aca t] The second Kal barely connects the two words which it stands between, while the first and last connect their clauses with each other (" both.... and"). E- 7r: l-r2ovefga'] " by overTeaching." bc is used here in something the same sense as irW6 after intransitive and passive verbs. K. ~ 251, R. 4. aVEXairLe alii 6dtvaev] "has always overthrown and dissipated it." I have expressed the peculiar meaning of the aor. by always and the perf. See I. ~ 15, note. The figure in vpxdai'rtuE is that of a horse rearing and throwing off his rider. 10. ov yap iOTLv, o/ EartZv] Repeated for emphasis. Thus I. ~ 19; De Coron. ~ 24,'et al.. —-vrxe] "resists," "holds out," "endures." -t caB ao56pa.... caTarateZ] " and flourished vigorously in hopes, it may be (av 7rTx, see I. ~ 3, note), yet in time they discover their frailty, and fall upon themselves like withered flowers." The metaphor is a very just and beautiful one, as also is the following comparison. Indeed, this whole paragraph is exceedingly nervous and spirited. CrZ rataf TEaX2itv expresses the condition of the flourishing; it was merely in hopes (see VIII. ~ 10). - ra 6rao0ev] "the foundations." The ending -Oev expresses the relation whence; accordingly, the precise shade of idea here is, "the (2) OLYN'THIAC II. 117 parts coimne.nchng from the foundation," since houses and vessels are built from the fbundatioin up. 11. orwg] This expresses manner here (IK. ~ 342. 1), and not aim or intention, as ill ~ 2. - 6] "but also," corresponding to giv above, which, therefore, should be translated 1" not only." - Iayaoa auiranerv] See I. ~ 22. - a6yovC 7ozetoOae] "to make discussions," "to treat concerning." Philip had not delivered Magnesia to them as he had agreed to. See ~ 7. 12. 07r uor] See ~ 2. But observe that it is there preceded by the active of aiCOr-, and here by the middle. The reason of this variation is, that there the reflexive pronoun is expressed, while here it is not. -- &tEKvev] From the form in-iCo, which is used interchangeably with the form in -vut. See ~ 5; also, K. ~ 169, R. 2; C. ~ 38. a, b.-'ovovt] " shall have wherewith," "be able." — EZi rToZr =pqyuartv] " at the doings," "in the war." — /ilaTea m6.... 7r6Xoe'] The Athenians were famous for their patriotic speeches and votes, but were not much given, in later times, especially, to following up their words by corresponding action. Demosthenes often rallies them upon this point. See III. ~ 14, seq.- a-rC.... avrcO] Each referring to 26yor. Much talking is not, generally, a vlrTy good indication of a determination to act. 13. ETr&araatv.... EraPo2jv] "alteration.... change." Words of nearly the same import, employed for oratorical effect. The second is the more general word, and properly denotes mere change, Without any collateral notion of its being designed. - eiadpovrae] This and the following part. are ill the ace. on account of the infin. implied in the verbal 6EarTEov ("it is necessary for us to show"). K. ~ 284, R. 7; C. ~ 59. 11.- etiep.... voDv] 1" if any one is to regard or at. tach himself to us." That is, this was the only way in which they could secure the respect and cooperation of others See IV. ~ 6. 118 NOTES. (2) 14. rpocOfryf Ilpe ] "in the relation of an addition," "as an addition," "appendage." "While (cv) as such," he says, "it. was not small, of itself (a'r' d') it was weak."olov]," such as." The occasion when the Macedonian forces were united with Athens against Olynthus was, according to some, B. C. 374; according to others, B. C. 364, when Timotheus took Potidsca and Torone from the Olynthians. (See Thirlw. Ch. XLII). - toTo evvau46Tepov] "this united power." Nom. to C0vzl. "yvrau{67Trpov vero eo loco posuit, qu' maxime conspicuum esset." Saupp. The occasion when it was joined with the Olynthians against Potidtca, is referred to, ~ 7. - vvvw] That is lately, about four years before (B. C. 353), during his campaign in Thessaly, which he undertook to assist the Thessalians in expelling the tyrants of Pherale and their allies, the Phocians. -- sa inro.. (j*eEi] 1" and wherever, as I think, one may add even a small power, it is clear gain." For the repetition of' av, see I. ~ 10. 15. t7rto0a2be9r7pav] Agrees with ar,-v understood, referring to Macedonia. This brilliant succession of wars and campaigns, which had gained him so much glory, had only tended, he says, to make the possession of his own country more insecure. -I tlXWKE] "has and continues to strive after," -" has devoted his life to its pursuit." The perf. indicates that the state of mind implied in the verb had not only formerly existed, but continued to exist to the present time. 16. r7v ro3.... S6fav] The words separating the article from its noun bear an attributive relation to that noun; i. e. they describe the quality or character of the glory which he chose (lit. the of-doing-what-no-other-Macedonian-king-ever-did-before glory); but the arrangement of words cannot be followed in our language, and hence the precise shade of idea cannot be expressed. [ildeir, and not o6eitf, is used here, because the thought is represented as proceeding from (2) OLYNTIIIAC II. 119 the mind of Philip, and not of the speaker; that is, it is represented merely as a conceived idea, and not as an actual one. K. 318. 1. - ror d.... rTEOart] " while to them (i. e. his subjects) there is no participation in the honor which comes from these." ptlorntpa has this meaning often. See ~ 3. The article following *;tloi-ttiar refers to that word, and connects wro rio6rwv with it as an attributive. See above; also, K. ~ 245. 3, a, examples.- icorrr6tevoet] "wearied out," or, perhaps, "chafed," " galled," as we say.ravratal] " those," i. e. those well-known expeditions. For the repetition of the article after this word, see above. - ro7c epyooL.... idiotr] "their works.... their private cares." "Nee negotia sua agere nec rem familiarem curare iis licet.... vulgo male Epya ad opus rusticum tantum referebant." Saupp. - 6row a1v d6vwvrava] "as they can," i. e. at great inconvenience, at great disadvantage, being constantly occupied in military service. This is a comparative sentence of manner. K. ~ 342. 1.- dtaOecoat] " to expose for sale," " sell." 17. o0.... 7roxtxoZ] "'the many," i. e. the great body of the Macedonians. -re-eratpot] Originally " body-guards," but afterwards a common name for all Macedonian soldiers, hence here opposed to gvot. - 6S] " that." Introduces a substantive sentence, expressing the object. The sentence here serves the office of a noun in the gen. after 66dav (" the reputation of being," etc.). K. ~ 329. 1. - avyKeKpoTrv/ivoL]' well trained in the affairs of war." - oov re] "able." The re has no grammatical relations, but, according to Buttmann (Gr. ~ 149), has come down as a part of the ancient form of the language, when relative words were used also as demonstratives, and required a connective to distinguish their use as a relative (" and this" - "which"). So C)arT, aTe, and 1p' atre. - o6dvwv eai PFeXriovr] C" are better than none," i. e. no soldiers can be worse. This form of expression would be ambiguous in our language, as nine means both 120 NOTES. (2) " none at 11" and " none of whatever class or kind." As used in the Greek, in such cases, it must be taken in the latter sense. See I. ~ 27, note. 18..~v.....h~v&] /Pv is often repeated thus in the demonstrative clause. K. ~ 322, R. 1. - ologS cTepoc] "such as is skilled in." The demonstrative, as usual, is understood. See I. ~ 21, note.- rolrovc] "these," i. e. such. This is what is called the retrospective use of the pronoun, and is in the plural because it refers to a class of men which is indicated by the indefinite r.. ~ 304. 3; C. ~ 48, R. 7. - -9t;ortt,] " from ambition," "jealousy," i. e. from a desire to engross all the distinction and honor himself. -M,rC] " besides." Or else it is entirely pleonastic, as Dib;oc often is. C. ~ 49, R. 11. - &cpaoiav] "excess." - lcopdaKlctLuoi] "lewd dances." Originally employed in comedy. - raperaoOat] From 7rapOwa. The wapa implies a comparison (" to set aside for others"). It thus differs from acro0elv above.tv ob6evYb eivaL pupe] " to be in the part of no one," " to be as no one." See ~ 14, note. 19. 2rMfC] "l robbers," "pirates," i. e. persons drawn to his service by the hope of plunder. - oovg.... 6pXeicoaa] The orator is relating what one had reported to him of the affairs of Philip, and hence it is the oblique discourse. Now in oblique discourse, in Greek, the ace. with the infin. may be used in all sorts of subordinate clauses, instead of the finite verb. K. ~ 345. 6; C. ~ 70. 18. - rav vy6utov] "the public slave." Public slaves were employed at Athens in various capacities, as in that of scribe, policeman, etc. See Boeckh, Pub. Econ. Ath., Bk. II. Ch. XI., note, 241. - ti[lovc.... 4aurwov] " merry-andrews and makers of low songs." 20. xcaKodaqlwoviac] 4"madness," "evil genius." yv61jWvc, then, must be taken in the sense of " bad state of mind," "folly." -ittuowre[Z] " obscures," "envelops in darkness." Hence, it takes the dat. - anv7ro raDt' eterauOae8ral] "1 these evils of (2) OLYNTIIIAC II. 121 his will be examined into." -- &eiEv] That is, "will show a false step," "mistake," "failture." The object is to be supplied f'rom'raioet. - ialcpav], A feminine ace., referring to d66v understood. See I. ~ 17, note. - 0;atc.... FPo;aToe] For the difference between the meaning of these words, see I. ~ 1, note. Demosthenes generally uses E0;ao instead of OiXw, but after 0e6o or 0eoi seems always to_ have used the latter form. And so, according to Sauppe, other writers. See IV. ~ 4; Contr. Aristog. ~ 2. 21. ofa] Thie MTSS. have here the Ionic or poetic form irwSr, which seems to have been often used by Demosthenes. See Orat. de Class. 36; De F. L. ~ 326, and other passages referred to by Franke. - ErateOaverat] "perceives," "is conscious of." - ictverat] 1"is moved," "stirred up," "disturbed." The same comparison between the body and the state, in a healthy and an unhealthy condition, is more briefly made, De Coron. ~ 198. -p yka.... arplEyta] "rupture.... sprain." -- vpr2Laqi-] "4 may have been engaged in." Observe the use of the aor. r7-oiinuev in expressing truths established by experience. See I. ~ 15, note. 22. ra7vm]2 "in this way," " on this account." This differs slightly firom 70oSr. It refers to 6. understood. See above, ~ 20. -7xpoauroercOaat] Governed by ~opepbv (" fearful to wage war with"). K. ~ 306. 1, d; C. ~ 70. 12. -- ua2tov 6d] See ~ 2. -- apua] "along by," "ddring the execution of." K. ~ 297, III. 1, c. — o/ uv d;t2'] See I. ~ 4, note. - uyyer] " I for one." y9 has its usual force here, but, being an enclitic, is joined on to pronouns of the first mnd second person, instead of being simply written after them. See I. ~ 2, note. - Kcat ara tlusp6v] " even in a small qegree."' -- opugr] "means." See the word, De Coron. y 156. 23~ oedat] "I think," "as it seems to me," "I trow." JTsed very often by Demosthenes, not as implying any [oubt, but to give an air of modesty to his views and state11 122 NOTES. (M) ments, and sometimes in irony ("I trow"). See De Coron. ~ 225, note.- a7Vbv &pyoivra] "for one who is inactive." avrbv is the indefinite one. Thus often. The sentiment here, " that those who will not help themselves cannot expect either their friends or the "gods to help them," is very just and forcible, -fortes fortuna adjuvat. - -i rt ye ] Of these particles, a' refers to an imperative understood (for instance, vrrojhgL[ave, "do not suppose that he may call upon the gods," etc.); ri is a sort of adverbial ace. (" do not at sll or for a moment suppose "); ye simply adds emphasis to ti, and 6B means " now," " only." Or all together they are nedum (" least of all upon the gods"). See Jelf's K. ~ 721. 1. I7 ri ye is not uncommon, but no other instance of the concurrence of all these particles is cited by commentators or grammarians. - i] " that." Used in a sense very nearly the same as that of TL, after words indicative of emotion, so as not directly to attribute the cause of the emotion to the subject of the subordinate sentence, but leave it as a matter of doubt, or as merely possible. It is, of course, a more polite and delicate mode of expression than that with 0irt. We sometimes use if or whether thus, i. e. as a delicate way of expressing what we have no doubt of the existence of, but not so frequently as the Greeks. K. ~ 329, R. 7; C. ~ 74, R. - -rvvOavoeviovw] 1" inquiring," i. e.. how affairs go, etc. See III. ~ 35. — ey] Observe the emphatic position of the pronoun at the end of the sentence. 24. ideivo] Used in opposition to rort', above, as refer. ring to the remoter case. Jelf's K. ~ 655. 8.- dv] " while.' Responded to by 6', below (vvtv 6'). Either the Bceotiar war, for enforcing the observance of the conditions of th( peace of Antalcidas is here referred to, or the latter par of the Peloponnesian war, called the Corinthian war. Se, IV. ~ 3. - - vr7pare] " ye withstood," "resisted." In th aor., as also 7rXeoveKraCate, 0OE2aare, as referring to a single in (2) OLYNTHIAC II. 123 dependent act, or several acts viewed in this light. But they are followed by the imperf., (ctv' iaic7re) in the following clause, to denote a continued action. This change of tenses, to correspond to the nature of the action, gives an exactness and vivacity to the Greek, which are unattainable in English. - Ev] " it being possible." Ace. absolute, employed chiefly in impersonal expressions. K. ~ 312. 5; C. ~ 72. III. 2. - TrXcot] Subj. instead of the opt., in connection with a historical tense, since the speaker wished to convey the idea that the Athenians not only contended for the rights of the Greeks on the occasion referred to, but had been in the habit of doing so up to the present time; that that was. their nature or permanent habit. K. ~ 330, R. 1; C. ~ 78. 1. -- a i-t ap' abr)v] "your own property." abrCTv is usually employed thus with the plural of the possessive pronouns, in order to express the reflexive possessive idea. So again below. K. ~ 302, R. 4; C. ~ 48, R. 1.- -yiU2ere] "you delay," "hesitate." Thus ~ 23, and often. - rivrac.... #pepE] " all, and individually each one, of them in turn." For icaO' Eva avirtv EKaarov, see IV. ~ 20. 7r&vTat is thus placed after its noun, in order to bring it nearer to the distributive clause which follows, and thus make the antithesis more obvious and striking.'The Athenians may be said to have saved all the Greeks in the Persian wars, and to have saved them individually in defending different states, in turn, either against the Lacedwmonians, the Thebans, or Philip. 25. XoyicaaaaL] "to draw a conclusion," "fobrm an opinion." And hence in the aor., since it does not refer to the process of reasoning, which would require the present. — 7r6aov.... Xp6vov] About nine years. - al,-twpvtv.... Iptv6vrov-] M3utual crimination and arraignment of each other, among the public men at Athens, was rife in the time of Demosthenes. It was a favorite way of silencing an opponent, and was resorted to without scruple or any re 124 NOTrES. (2) gard to justice by partisans. This was especially true with regard to military leaders. They always had parties for and against them. When one was appointed to conduct a campaign, many others, of course, were disappointed. The orators, too, who, "for certain valuable considerations" were committed for different candidates, shared in the same defeat or triumph, while the people generally followed by sections in the wake of the orators. There were generally, too, parties in favor of, and opposed to, the war. Ience, when a general left Athens, he usually "left enemies in his rear." This subject is more fully developed further on. See also IV. ~ 47. 26. EiO'] See I. ~ 24. — xov taor~ Otv] " naturoe rei convenit." Saupp. It seems to correspond to our expression, " it has nature on its side." For the periphrastic form, see De Coron. ~ 13. — aov] This is an adverb ("for by nature all things are in a state for those who have them more easily to take care of them than to acquire them"). For the infin. after w7rs'vwcvat see K. ~ 306. 1, d.- wraO] Used as after the pass. with'trtv.... eortTrv - 7ro2il2tTrrat. 27. abrovr] "yourselves," i. e. personally. - rptv cav.... ipariivTe] "before you shall have gained possession of affairs," i. e. conquered Philip, and regained their former supremacy. This sentence refers specially to the latter clause of the preceding sentence (uSc6Ev' airtueOat, " to accuse no one," = not to accuse any one), and hence has its predicate in the subjunctive instead of the infinitive, since it follows a negative sentence. K. ~ 337. 9, a, b, c. - ui' av-rCov T(Cv eoyDOv] "from the deeds themselves," i. e. not fiom rumor and the fallse representations of the orators, as they were accustomed to do. - TrS rpoaoet..... c2 eiqt/ara] " and take away the pretexts and the deficiencies which lie in yourselves," i. e. to remove all causes of failure connected with themselves, and thus deprive the generals of all pretexts of this sort in accounting for their want of success (2) OLYNi'HIAC II. 125 (seel IV. ~ 25). hao' ztag acquires, from its position between the article and its noun, an attributive meaning (lit. " the as-to-you faults," i. e. your personal deficiencies). See ~ 16, note; also, De Coron. ~ 14, note. — tart] "it is," i. e. "it is proper." - ri] For o rt, the direct for the indirect form. This is not uncommon in Greek. K. ~ 344, R. 1; C. ~ 48. 8. 28. evyetvw] " desert." Referring especially to Chares, who, having exhausted the means furnished him by Athens, left the war with Philip, and went on a private expedition to Asia, to replenish his military chest. See the Chronological table, Olymp. 106. 1. - de.... e.iwelv] He merely alludes to the generals, as the orators were in the habit of charging the disasters on them, but ascribes their failures and misconduct to the want of support from the people. See IV. 45. - ivraoa]'" here," i. e. at Athens, or rather, in the Amphipolitan war. - Vtrepa] This belongs to the predicate (" the prizes are yours").- KolaeoOe] "you will receive it," i. e. from the general who had taken it. -nv tE9r6iOrCvV] " those having been placed in command," i. e. the generals. - Z&ot] " private," " their own." - uiaob8 c' oVic arTev] "and there is no pay." They were neither allowed the prizes of war, nor a regular stipend, in the Athenian service. See De Coron. ~ 145, note. — //zaJra] "' gettings," " gains." Meaning about the same as (16.a, except that it implies, according to Schafer, that the gain is irregular or unlawful. See Soph. Antig. v. 313. 29. i66vregS 26yov] Lit. "having given them speech," i. e. "having given them an opportunity to speak or to plead their cause." See ~ 31. - eepepere p car7 avzuopia~] "you contributed by companies or divisions." Reference is here made to the distribution of the citizens of Athens, according to their property, into twenty classes or companies, for the purpose of paying the extraordinary expenses of the government. See Boeckh, Pub. Econ. Ath., Bk. IV. Ch. 7. 11 *, 126 NOTE 8. (2) Now as each of these companies was arranged among themselves, according to a certain system of subordination, under a leader, superintendent, etc., so, the orator says, the two great parties (Eicarepov) in the assembly were distributed on these questions, with the orators as leaders, the generals as overseers, sustained by three hundred applauders, and followed by the people in sections, according to their preferences.- ol po7a. TplaKc6atot] The Three Hundred were the principal men in the avzuopial (see De Coron. ~~ 103, 171), and, in this application of the system to political parties, appear as the principal supporters and applauders of the orators and generals. -- c] Used in the sense of ekc, as it often is with designations of persons and cities. K. ~ 290. 3. 30. tl'avivral ] "having renounced." Second aor. part. of e'raYvklu. - ~ic7v.... yEvojvzrO'V] "yet even now (i. e. after having been so long dependent) having become masters of yourselves." twv abr;v is a possessive gen. K. ~ 273. 2.- icovav] " common," "one," i. e. not making it the duty of one to deliberate, of another to speak, and of another to act. — rort c/v IC. T. r.] "roti yi2v, oratoribus demagogisque; -roi. 6, civibus opulentis et industriis; ros 6~, turba commitiali." Saupp. -,arep.... Ata/v] " as if from a tyrannical power over you." ifusv is governed by Tvpavvmdog. -Ertr&rarlv] " to give commands." Used abso!utely, without an object. - Kara ro7irwv] " against these." - -r ya'p....;leifeit] m" for the injured part will always fail." tjpog is a collective noun, and hence is referred to in the next sentence, by rovrov7. 31. 6 6Eva, ~ 6 u -va] " this one or that one." " De homine certo, sed quem nominare aut non possumus aut nolumus." Sch/if. "Eubulum similesque oratores intelligit, quibus turba comitialis mirifice favebat." Saupp. (3) OLYNTHIIAC III. 127 OLYNTHIAC III. Tnis Oration appears to have been delivered shortly after the preceding, on occasion of some temporary success of the forces which they had despatched to Olynthus, when the people, and many of the orators, imagining that the safety of their allies had been sufficiently secured, were loudly demanding that they should now proceed at once to chastise Philip himself for his many wrongs to them. The general aim and design of the Oration, therefore, is to repress this vain presumption, and concentrate their interest and efforts upon the vigorous prosecution of their present campaign in aid of Olynthus. In doing this he is led to point out the degeneracy of their character and of the administration of the State, in comparison with former times. The course of thought is as follows:1. That the present popular clamor, favored by many of the orators, about proceeding at once to the chastisement of Philip, was untimely, since it was plainly their first duty to thoroughly secure their allies against his ravages, which was the utmost that they could expect to do under existing circumstances. ~1, 2. 2. That the course of action to be pursued seemed sufficiently plain, but that he felt at a loss as to the manner of expressing his convictions in the case, since he should be obliged to say some unwelcome things, the general neglect of which by the orators, for so long a time, had left the country to fall into its present disgraceful condition. ~ 3. 3. That it seemed necessary to remind them of the s'Ad consequences of their neglect of a similar opportunity to sustain their allies against Philip, which occurred some three or four years before, during his conquests in Thrace. ~4, 5. 128 NO TES. (3) 4. That, as their making peace with the Olynthians had led to hostilities between them and Philip, a result which they desired, now, unless they enabled them to repel him, after subduing them, as there would then be nothing to impede his progress, he would certainly descend upon Attica itself. ~ 6-9. 5. But that the necessity of the war was sufficiently admitted, and the main question now was the procuring of means to carry it on; to which the first step was to annul the laws relative to the misappropriation of the theoric fund, and the exemption of citizens from military service. ~ 10-13. 6. That, obviously, their vote to prosecute the war would be of no avail, unless they entered vigorously upon the execution of it (Qvhich they had every motive for doing from the present crisis to which their past neglect had brought affairs), and, instead of remaining inactive, while they followed the flattering advice of a few, and charged upon them the blame of failure (for which, in reality, they were all to blame) should each consider himself responsible both for the measures and their execution, and hence follow the best advice, though it might interfere with some of their pleasing indulgences. ~ 14-20. 7. That a comparison of their present condition with their condition in former times, when under the direction of political leaders, who, in proposing measures, inquired what was best, and not what was most agreeable to the people, would show the great superiority of such a course over that pursued by the orators of his time; since, in the former -period, the country was prosperous, both at home and abroad, and her leaders frugal and democratic in their habits, while now their country had sunk to the lowest degradation and disgrace, and her leaders risen to the greatest opulence and magnificence at her expense. ~ 21-29. 8. That the grand cause of all this change in their pros (3) OLYNTIHIAC III. 129 perity lay in the fact, that, while formerly, by daring to go personally on military expeditions, they became masters of the orators, and the dispensers of all favors, now, by declining such service, the orators had acquired an ascendency over them, and doled out to them, as they pleased, their favors, in the form of theatrical exhibitions, and other shows; thus getting them more and more under their control, and unfitting them for all manly feeling and action. ~ 30-32. 9. That their present evils, then, could be remedied only by all holding themselves under obligation to serve their country in whatever capacity they might be called upon to, receiving, in turn, a portion of the theoric fund, according to the nature of their service, whether at home or abroad. ~ 33-36. ~ 1. OVX.... y. 7yv&cu] "not by any means the same things does it occur to me to think," i. e., as Sallust has it (Cat. c. 52), " Longe mihi alia mens est," etc., -the words *of the orators were at variance with the actual state of things. Observe that ovXi is stronger than obV. -- arofiV24b] Aor. subj. after 5rav (K. ~ 337. 5). It is accompanied by elf and the ace., because it implies motion. See II. ~ 14.6pD] More vivid than chioiVo, and hence used for it, as occasionally with us. - Ei rodro rrporlcovTa] "have come to this pass." —rS' neta6o60teOa] In the fut. to denote the purpose more as a reality (". how we shall not"). See II. ~ 2, note. - 64oV] Understand Eri. - Ob6b' ov a;~2o] This is properly the attributive of the kindred idea with duapra&vev (" those saying such things seem to me to err in nothing less, - to err no other error, -than to present to you the question about which we are deliberating not as it really is"). For ace. of this kind, see K. ~ 278. 2; C. ~ 57. 2. 2. hr' /zoc] Lit. "under me," "during my public life," "in my day." It designates time, or rather, a course of 130 N OTES. (3) events controlled by or depending upon some one, as in the expression Erc apxovros. - -Eyove] The perf. is used, not because the state of things referred to continued up to the present time of the speaker, but because the period of time referred to (the period of his life) was one continued present time to him. So we say, "this has all happened in my day?' not necessarily meaning that the events referred to had continued up to the time of speaking. - -rpo2apEZv.... r-Iv irp6rTv] 1" to secure.... at first." This is of the nature of what is called a parallelism, the idea first being expressed twice (see IV. ~ 7, note). 71jv rp(6rnv is a fem. acc., like;lalcpv, etc. (see II. ~ 20), instead of the more common 7r wrp-rov. The shade of meaning in the two cases is probably slightly different. See IV. ~ 23. — oroc] Followed by the subj. here, since the purpose is represented merely as something conceived (K. ~ 330. 2). For its being in the first aor., contrary to Dawes's canon, see I. ~ 2, note. - rept ro9 7iva Trp6Irov] Lit. " concerning the what manner," etc. 7p67rov is an ace., denoting aim (K. ~ 278, R. 3). By being placed between the article and the verb, it is incorporated into the general substantive idea expressed by the phrase. — 6ovvoiv] "any whatever." obv strengthens the pronoun, and makes it more comprehensive. K. ~ 324, R. 6. 3. eFEv'] Refers to what follows, as it often does, but only because it is contrasted with something going before, as more remote. See II. ~ 24. The,orator is preparing their minds for what he is going to say about applying the theoric fund to military purposes, a subject of the greatest delicacy. See I. ~ 19, note.- rapov.... aivotda'] "being present and hearing, I have become conscious of." The part, with caivotl quite as frequently agrees with the object as with the subject. K. ~ 310, R. 2. —ia 7r:?eiu] "the greater part," "the more." For the difference between this and the positive and superlative with the article, see K. ~ 246. 8, C, —r j/,. r.:A.] The infin. with the article is treated (3) OLYNTHIAC III. 131 wholly as a noun (K. ~ 308. 1. It is here in the dat. to designate the instrumental relation. yp and not ob is used with the infin. in such cases, because the action of the verb is conceived of in its abstract and general form. See I. ~ 10. - -ra7 aaoi~a] "boldness," "freedom." Referring to what he is about to say concerning the theoric fund. -7olt/la roavr o6yovs] See II. ~ 11. - rozro oeupovTrac] "looking to this," i. e. what follows (to see if he spoke the truth, etc.) -a &a rofiro] "for this purpose." Expressing a final cause, as often. - Zva] Introduces a substantive sentence expressing the aim or end of his speaking the truth. K. ~ 330. 1, 2; C. ~ 78. -'K roa..... Eiovr] "from certain ones haranguing the people for their gratification." A condensed substantive idea. rponS, lit. "before," and hence,, by an easy transition, "out of regard to." - -oXxonpiad] Partitive gen., governed by rTav (lit. " to all of badness," i. e. " to the last degree of badness," "to the most deplorable condition"). Referring to the wretched state in which the foreign relations of the country, more particularly, were at that time. 4. rpiTrov, x. rT.]I "this is the third or fourth year." An indefinite expression for what all recollected, and had occurred not long since. Or, perhaps, because it Was between three and four years before. See the chronological table; also, I. ~ 2, note.-'Hpadov -rexoc] A' Castellum Thraciae, colonia Samiorum, Junonis cultorum, in ora Propontidis, haud procul a Perintho. NMov reMXoC, Aaivtov reX2or, similia castella illius regionis erant, contra incursiones Thracum munita." Saupp. —T6re roivvv /u'v iteV]' roivvv denotes a conclusion, or rather continuation from what precedes, and uad is a noun (month). FLv refers to the following 6d, and cannot be rendered by any particular word. MIemacterion was the fifth month in the Attic year (here November, B. C. 352). — yltyvofVov] Pres. because the vote was passed while the tumult continued. - KaOtE%2tvn] " to draw down," "to launch." The vessels of the ancients were generally small, and were 132 NOTES. (3j drawn up upon the shore when not in use. So the Latin, deducere naves. - ai roTV'.-..'. iC4aivetv] "and that those up to five-and-forty years of age personally should embark." The limits of the military age, for foreign service, at Athens, were twenty and sixty. But it was not common that all within these limits were called into service on any one occasion. It was usual, therefore, when they voted an armament, to define the age up to which the citizens would be held liable for the present campaign. See IV. ~ 21. 5. 6eWO6vro] "having passed away." That is, the remaining seven months after Moemacterion (see ~ 4). It was not, he goes on to say, till the third month of the next year (01. 107...2) that they finally despatched Charidemus with the paltry number of ten ships, and these destitute of soldiers (iev2a), having but five talents of silver. The main armament (a7r6aTroTov) had been released. -'Elarolz,3atrv, c. r. A.] Supply jcaav. -- 7vor] Gen. of time witlin which any thing happens. K. ~ 273. 4, b; C. ~ 54, 13.- E7ra 7Ta(i PVT7jpLa] That is, the great FEleusinian mysteries. IHence, after the twenty-fifth of. Boedromion, (they were held fiom the fifteenth to the twenty-fifth). The cause of so great a delay is given afterwards, andl, as it must be confessed, does not exhibit the military character of the Athenians of that day in a very favorable light. - dea vaVr] Placed here because emphatic (lit. "ten ships, and these empty, you sent out Cliaridemus having"). — rvTE raXavrTa &pyvpiov] = to something more than $5,000.- oVKETL.... oiHiva] Observe the double negation, — one direct negative and a negative pronoun ("not no time "). Thus generally in Greek. K. ~ 318. 6; C. ~ 81. 5. — ere7Te'] "you relinquished." In some of the MISS. the imperf. is found. 6.'va /A] Followed by the subj. after a historical tense, because the intention is represented as continuing to the present time. K. ~ 330, R. 1; C. ~ 78. 1.- Ti i'] d "how now." Expressive of impatience. Jelf's K. ~ 721. 1. (3) OLYNTHIAC III. 133 yap] This refers to a supposed reply to the preceding question (" what use shall we make of this?- a good use I hope,' —for").- iarai Tr dvvaTr6v "according to ability," "as you are able." It is not redundant. - sTparyV7Kc6re~.o., aeoe60e, will have managed all things," i. e. will be seen to have done so, upon a review of the whole case. The part. and auxiliary form a fut. perf., but with a slightly different shade of idea from the simple perf. See I. ~ 7. The orator proceeds to show how they will have consulted the interests of Philip if they allow him to reduce Olynthus, which, by seeking alliance with them, had, most providentially, thrown itself in the way of his further progress, and would effectually check him, if assisted then in maintaining its stand. 7.'Thrpxov] In the imperf. to denote a permanent state. But below, in speaking of the single and independent act of making a peace, the verb is in the aor. (tirpSajtev). - r-va] "considerable," "great." See II. ~ 1, note. - oVre] Refers here to what follows. - Ei06Ee] 1" felt secure of," " was without apprehension of." Thus with the ace. See Xen. Anab. III. 2. 20; also, K. ~ 279. 3. But with the dat. it means to confide in, rely upon. K. ~ 279, R. 3. — iuez-] Understand rpbt ikeivovr. -'op.zev.....natpoig] "lies by and watches to take advantage of his opportunities." Referring to the position of Olynthus, close upon his borders. The figure is taken from a blockading squadron. " ioeppeietv proprie de copiis pedestribus, iEoptezv de navibus dicitur." Saupp. —'Ew7ro3etcaa t...... ivOp, rovg] "we thought it necessary to stir up the men to war," i. e. it had always been (imuperf.) their policy to stir up the Olynthians to war against Philip. - 67rwad6irore-] "in whatever way," C"in some way or other, how I need not say." Used in cases where the writer does not consider himself called upon, or does not care, to state the way or reason, and generally implying some censure or suspicion. It had taken place without 12 134 NOTES. (3) any agency of theirs. See V. ~ I; also, De Coron. ~~ 22, 261. 8.'Ey7 Retv] PEV is used here without the corresponding d6 following it, the clause in which di would be used being understood ("I for one do not see, I cannot say how at is with others"). K. ~ 322, R. 4.- av] Gives a conditioned meaning to the part. X(opi requires the noun to be in the gen., and hence the verb is changed into a part. and put in the same case, instead of being in the opt., as it might have been under another construction. K. ~ 260. 3, (5). el.... irpaytirwvov] "if we should betray any of the interests committed to us." The verb here is in the opt. aor., to correspond to the part. with av used optatively in the apodosis. K. ~ 339. II. a. -,yovrwV yEv crz ~xovt] " Sic solent Grueci, quanclo de rebus injucundis brevi predicant." Schai. The Thebans, at this time, were unfriendly towards Athens. -— &rc7prcompKv.... NXo&ov] "the Phocians having failed in money." They had exhausted the treasures of the temple of Delphi, which they had taken possession of. Hence they would not be able to hold out long against Philip, with whom they were at war. - r- rap6vTa] "his present undertakiDngs," i. e. the reduction of Olynthus. — rpbo.... ~ wpyarTa]- "of his turning to the affairs here," i. e. at Athens. 9. elr ro~ro.... dSovra] "puts off doing his duty to this.' The fut. infin. seems to be used here, instead of the pres or aor. infin., in order to express, not simply the act of doing, but the determination ("' that you will do your duty" the determination to do your duty). See Matth. ~ 506, VI. -- yyOev]' from near at hand." - ra 6elv] "the dangers," i. e. of war.- 4e0v] See II. ~ 24. —;ZAoot] That is, in Olynthus or Macedonia. — 6rrov] " Vi ironica dictum 46rov haud raro in clausula legitur; Cf. ~ 17." Bremi. 10. ro..... ye] "but the -how, this tell us." -- M-] (3) OLYNTHIAC III. 135 Followed, as usual in prohibitive expressions in cases where the aor. is required, by the subj. (oavr(aore), instead of the imperat. K. ~ 259. 5; C. ~ 72. 2. The orator manages this whole discussion about the propriety of turning the theoric fund to military purposes with great adroitness. Hee contrives to say about what he wished to on the subject, without outraging the popular feeling, or exposing himself to prosecution, by openly proposing the measure. See I. ~ 19, note. - NozotEra; cagOiare'] "appoint a committee of legislation." This reading seems more in accordance with the usage of Demosthenes than caoiarare. See Contr. Timoc. ~~ 21, 25, 26, 27, 29. The regular nomothete were a large committee appointed annually from among the judges or jurymen, to revise the laws (see Smyth's Diet. Antiq.). Demosthenes proposes that they should appoint an extraordinary committee of this kind to revise the laws concerning the Theoricon; also certain other hurtful laws concerning refusing military service.'Ev de.... k6iva] "in this committee pass no law." He merely wished the committee to annul certain existing laws which were injurious, without establishing any new ones. 11. caa0k o-rwaoi] "plainly thus," i. e. thus as he was doing. -.Oe.pLca] Is used in a predicative sense (" the military in the shape of theoric funds, or for shows"). — o 6.... cKaOTraaLV] "while the others secure those exempt from military service against punishment;" i. e. members of the Senate, collectors of customs, commanders of merchant-vessels, and the choreutee. See Herm. Polit. Antiq. ~ 152. 15. - ort nav/ppet] "that it is profitable should be proposed." aovtpopet is impersonal here, I think; however, it may be personal, being used with &ri instead of the infin. (" that they are profitable," =- "to be profitable "). 12. TIptv] Followed by the infin., because the clause merely expresses an incidental designation of time, and does not represent it formally as a condition of tbe principal 136 N Tr ES. (3) sentence. 1K. ~ 337. 9, c. —rig] For MarS. See II. ~ 27. - Vnrp iV/v iv' bipsv] Observe the play upon the words ("who shall be willing, for having said the best things Jbr you, to be killed by you"). Referring to the danger generally incurred by those who proposed measures which were useful rather than agreeable to the people, and especially to the danger in the present case, of proposing to deprive the people of their favorite theatrical exhibitions, for the purpose of sustaining the war with Philip. - at; mre f a.... eTpSiavTa]r "especially, this- alone being likely to be the result, that the one who spoke and proposed these things should unjustly suffer some terrible evil." For aiS): re Cat, see I. 5. For Tt), some," "some great," "some terrible," see II. ~ 1, note.- 7'2 rpaypara] "the state." "Delectatur hoc nomine Demosthenes yevuO Ovrt avrZ rMv si&ducv." Wolf. - iaxov Et` Vsv-] " more even than now." padiov expresses the comparison between TrO 2otrOv and vrv. The comparative following (qopEip6repov) is more general or absolute ("more fearful than ever," or simply, " more fearful"). It seems to differ from the cases where /a:uc2ov is used with the comparative to strengthen it. See Matth. ~ 458.- Kat XiEtv ye] "and to abrogate too," i. e. as well as to piropose them. - ro a7rovig i'toUvT] "to demand of the same men." Referring especially to Eubulus, who, to flatter the people, had procured the passage of the law rendering it penal for any one to propose to divert the theoric fund from theatrical purposes. 13. Cewvov arpa6aqlev] "C would: fare better," "would be better off." For this meaning of 5auemvov rparretv, see De Coron. ~ 254. -'vtiav-] "as a punishment or penalty." - a4torre] 6think." - r72Alcorov] "so great," "so powerful." That is, no one would have sufficient influence to protect himself from the effect of the popular indignation. 14. Oi ~7v ov'] " not in truth not even." For ob iv, see o1 ~ 16, note. -- r ye 66Savra] " at least what was decreed.' (3) OLYNTHIIAC III. 137 For the position of ye, see I. ~ 2, note. -— poo0Viuc] To be referred to 7rOtEa, but placed at the end of the sentence, like i/ap, for emphasis (" zealously, too, and in person"). — (av ypa.,] " they may have been written," i. e. the decrees. - eivn' ye 4eoLtat/ruv] " at least on account of decrees," "as far as it could have been done by decrees." 15. ToUT'.... rpoaeival] "it is necessary, then, that this should be added," i. e. action. - Ka. yv,,al.... plEO'vra] "and of all men you are the sharpest to apprehend what is said." The Athenians were remarkable for their quick and lively genius. - rpca..... o tire] Observe the difference in meaning between these yerbs ("and now, also, you will be able to execute them, if you do your duty"). For Scam.... d, " and also," see K. ~ 322. 7. 16. p6vov..... iatp6v] "time.... opportunity." Thus these words differ. " Mira vero est vis harum interrogationum, omnia rei momenta summa brevitate repetentium. Totidem sunt aculei, quibus civium animos leves et inertes pungit, ut rem strenue agant." Saupp. -ra xopia] " fortifled places," " strongholds," as Amphipolis, Pydna, Potidxea, Methone. See II. ~ 9. — ra6nf.... ridg Xpagf] That is, Olynthus, or Chalcidice. The & in this clause, preceded by uev in the preceding clause, shows that the effect of the negative ovx extends to both clauses. See III. ~~ 32, 33.ai wrotXpjaatev] "if they would enter into hostilities," i. e. if the Olynthians would resist Philip. The Athenians longed to see the Olynthians at variance with Philip. See ~ 7.aScatv] av is omitted in order to represent the consequence as unconditioned, and consequently, more certain. K. ~ 360. R. 7. —Pipfiapof] Philip was not properly a barbarian (i. e. of other than Grecian origin), for, although the Macedonian population was a mixture of Greeks and barbarians, the kings claimed a descent from Hercules. 17. Oix 6 r.... rt;]" is he not whate-ver any one might call him?" i. e. any thing however bad. Hle terminates 12* 13-8 NOTES. (3) this series of questions thus abruptly, as if tired of pursuing it, and unable to express himself contemptuously enough: -- rvr7a.... a~')-] "having permitted all these things, and almost having assisted him in effecting them." — rTe] "then," "after all this." Calls special attention to the time described by the participles. Thus, also, we use thenafter participles describing the character of an act or event. t6re is used here something like elra in such cases, but it implies less indignation. -rove atriovr] "tthose to blame." - -y6] Observe the emphatic position of this pronoun (lit. "'plainly know this I"). - 6rev] "doubtless," "all will agree." Expresses that it is a common sentiment, and sometimes with a degree of irony (see ~ 9, note; also, K. ~ 315. 2). "Habet usum in asseveratioinibus iis, qumx ex alterius assensu et consentiente sententia suspenduntur." Zeun. ad Vig. 18. Kai viv] -" also now," i. e. just as in war, where no one can properly accuse another for a defeat, but each should take part of the blame to himself. So in their present deliberations, if they wished to prevent the adoption of bad measures, each one should do all he could to make them right, while under consideration, and not let injurious measures be adopted, for the purpose of arraigning their authors, if they proved unsuccessful.- izya0o, Tatx] "with a favoring fortune." Like the Latin quod bene vertat. " Formula bene precandi a Graecis usurpata, quum vel ipsi aliquid susciperent." Bremi. -- va] "agreeable," "pleasing." That is, suppose the proposed measures, although good, are not agreeable, or interfere with some of the cherished pleasures and indulgences of the people. The student cannot fail to see how skilfully the orator is framing a shield of defence for any one who shall propose to divert the theoric funds to military purposes. Such a measure might not be agreeable to them, but there could be no doubt of its high utility. - OKV7TL] 1"no longer," "not in this case." Referring to oi (3) OLYNTHIAC III. 139 kye rie ra pfecrwra, above, where the individual might be considered at fault. - vrX2v el.... irapa;2eiret] " unless it being allowed him to wish, he neglects to do so," i. e. he was not to blame that the supposed measure was not agreeable, unless he might have had just what he wished for. A remark of great severity, since the Athenians of that day sacrificed every thing to pleasuire, and were more given to wishing for good results, than to self-denying action in order to secure them. "Of all employments wishing is the worst." In the expression cr;0v et, the predicate to which r27zv belongs is understood (lit. "except it be, if"). It is of the same nature as ea gO eli, nisi si. Jelf's K. ~ 860. 7. For 6Iov, see II. ~ 24. -PWLov] Understand,T. - elf ravrb] " into the same place,' "together," "indiscriminately." - Ev 6biys] Understand Xpo6v. - Ei6aOae] " to choose," "select," i. e. among the conflicting views and measures. - -porec] " when it may be put or proposed," i. e. by the,rp6edpot, whose duty it was to propose the subject for discussion in the assembly. -- a;Ua] Conjunction (properly the neuter plural of 0a;ot), denotes difference or separation from something which precedes, and generally what is soQ different as to entirely abrogate what precedes. It more commonly follows a negative sentence, as here. K. ~ 322. 6. 19. xetc] "is able." Thus often. -- 4i' yowye] "I for one say so." Observe the difference between Aouo and eirov here. Often, however, "Q9~ is used in the same sense as EiOov (" I say," in general, and not specifically, as here, "I say yes," " affirm "). K. ~ 178, R. 2. - ra 7rap6vra] i" existing means," "actual means." Opposed to riv atrr6VTJv ("from what is not possessed," "from anticipated means"). — envrop5cat] " to obtain a supply." - -Pya.... o6yot] " greatly contributes to such suggestions," i. e. such as that last made, namely, whether they could not obtain means for carrying on the war without using the theoric fund. Such suggestions, he says, are little more than wishes; the will has much 140 NOTES. (3) to do with. them. -oi x o to1w c'EI- vtnEV] I" have not been thus constituted," "are not thus by nature." 20.'Opare] " see," " consider." - rai'l] " these things," i. e. the method of obtaining means for the war. - o7rc.... &vc6Xerat] "as the actual state of things admits." This is an adverbial, and not a substantive sentence. (K. ~ 342. 1.) According to the punctuation here adopted, 6rros, in a somewhat modified sense (" how"), affects, also, dvviaeaoe, and 9tere, but if a comma should be admitted after v6Ecxerat, it would affect that verb alone. - rot] "surely." Strictly an old dative for r, and hence an illative confirmatory particle,used especially in affirming general principles. K. ~ 317. 3. But according to others, it is the old dat. for aot (" sir," "you know "). C. ~ 81, R. 4.- Etarv] "is it the part of." - e2lcrWovTar rt....Epetv] "neglecting any thing connected with the war, through want of money, to bear such reproaches," i. e. such as they were bearing, "of sacrificing the interest of the state, betraying their allies," etc. - e6ixepr] " easily," "slothfully." See the word, De Coron. ~ 70. - ev] "while." Connects its clause closely with that which follows, containing the corresponding di. The two clauses express different parts of one idea, as is done in the preceding sentence by a part. with an infin. The expeditions here referred to, against the Corinthians and Megarians, took place long before (the first, probably, B. C.. 460, the second, B. C. 432), but are spoken of as conducted by them in the present, according to Franke, because, as citizens of the Athenian state, they might be considered the same, though different individuals.- l' 4Tropiav t. T. 2.] "through a scarcity of supplies for the soldiers." Moo~,wv here includes both pay (,zua65o) and provisions. - rof at-parevoplZvot is dat. of advantage after Eodiwov. See I. ~ 22, note. 21. ovx zv'.... pitzv] s"not that I may become offensive to certain of you." A final substantive-sentence, having its (3) OLYNTHIAC III. 141 predicate in the subj., because the verb of the principal sentence is in one of the principal tenses. K. ~ 330. 1, 2. nTav refers to such as resisted the diversion of the thlleoric fund to military purposes. - r-v c;ams] Understand 686v (lit. "the otherwise way," "the perverse way," = "without purpose," "for nothing"). The phrase is explained by [ehv Wc(peezv votzi'Zv. - ZrvxTc'] "ill-starred." - r7'rZ r~s.... Xtp1rog] "before the pleasures imparted by speaking." See a fuller exhibition of. the idea, IV. ~ 38. - Eri rv xrpoy6vwv]For an explanation of this phrase, see ~ 2. - cobwl] In the pres. because the character of the ancient orators was a matter of general notoriety, and thus lived in the present. Thus often in such cases. K. ~ 255, R. 1. - orrodreiacj] "administration," "managing the state," " civil life." 22.'E~ ob] "since." - ovrot] That is, " these whom you all know so well." - 7revca] " have made their appearance," "' have come upon the stage." For the employment of the second perf., instead of the first, see I. ~ 10. — IlporcTorae] "have been drunk away," " have been sacrificed for." Thus irpoirivcv is often used. See Orat. F. L. ~ 152. -- apavritca] Acquires the force of an adjective by having the article before it; " immediate," "momentary." - roavr] That is, such as were seen on all sides. - rotrnv] The orators who had sacrificed the interests of the city to their own personal advantage. 23. te0ataLa]- "as chief points," "as a summary." — Cpy6,v] "of the works," "doings," " deeds." - yv(pto10C] "known," "familiar." Because concerning their own history. - eaizoaTv] In the dat. by attraction, because ittZv, the object of'Seart, is in the dat. K. ~ 307. 2; C. ~ 70. 10. 24. roivrv] Used here (as at the beginning of ~ 25) as a particle of transition or continuation. See ~ 4, note. — os;;yovres] " the speakers," "the orators." Referring now to the ancient orators. —ov6' 1Q2,ovv.... avv] That is, they did not make such a show of affection, they did not consult 142 NOTES. (3) them so much in proposing public measures, inquiring what they wished, etc., but rather inquired what would be for the public good. The remark is full of irony. a'rovg, in this clause, stands in place of the relative. It is often used thus in a clause where the preceding relative would have to be repeated in a different case. Math. ~ 472. 3.- irvre r.... Ir-] That is, from the second Persian war to the beginning of the Peloponnesian war (from B. C. 477 to B. C. 432). In Philip. III. ~ 23, he makes the period of their supremacy seventy-three years, including the twenty-eight years of the Peloponnesian war, as their supremacy was not wholly lost till the close of the war. But up to the beginning of that war, their supremacy was acknowledged and voluntarily submitted to. - atvkyayovr] "carried up," "deposited." During this period the revenue of Athens from home duties and the contributions of the allies was very great. What remained over and above the current expenses was deposited in a posterior apartment of the Parthenon (iort0Solouor), until it finally reached the sum here mentioned (not far from ten million of dollars; see ~ 5, note). —craTrjv rv;X6pav] That is, Macedonia. In what degree of submission to Athens 3Macedonia was, during this period, is not accurately known. Perdiccas the Second, the king at that time, courted the friendship of Athens, but does not seem to have been tributary to any considerable extent. See De Halon. ~ 12.7rei] " by land." Opposed to vavLuaxovre'. - EaTrav] First aor.,' and hence transitive; "placed," "erected."- avTrot]' themselves," i. e. personally, and not trusting, as they did then, to'mercenary troops. - z6vot &..... icakr2Ltrov] 6and finally (de; see d6 repeated three times before this, after Rev, above), alone of men, left a fame arising from their deeds (lit. at their deeds, or based upon their deeds) above the reach of the envious." 25.'ETrr.... rotoO rot] " over Grecian affairs now (i. e. -n their superintendence of the affairs of Greece at large) (3) OLYNTHIAC III. 143 they were such." For this meaning of tEi, see K. ~ 296. 3, e. - otiKodouara] "public buildings," " structures." Referring to the Propylaa, docks, porticos, etc.,.named by Demosthenes, Orat. Contr. Aristoc. ~ 207. — ic22y... lepv] "ornaments of temples," i. e. ornaments consisting of temples, -ornamented or beautiful temples. Such as those of Theseus, FErechtheus, the Odeum, and the Parthenon. - are..... 2Le2e0a1] " so that no chance of surpassing them has been left to any of their descendants." Probably no other city, in any age of the world, was so highly decorated with architectural and other artistic ornaments as Athens in the time of Pericles. For a fine description of its wealth in the plastic arts, see Discourse of Frederick Jacobs, Classical Studies, by Sears, Edwards, and Felton. 26. Slav.... /EvovreC] Instead of luevov, to denote a permanent state. See I. ~ 7.- v r - 7wro0eEia EOcet]' in the spirit of the constitution," " in keeping with the constitution," i. e. simple and democratic in their style of living, etc. - ei rT aipa] "if any one, perchance," si quis forte. K. ~ 324. 3, a, examples. It is implied that the degenerate Athenians of his time thought or cared so little about these ancient worthies, that they knew nothing of the character of their houses. - 6iroia iro' EariYv] "of what distinctive character it-is." 7rorT is often joined thus both to the direct and the indirect interrogative, to indicate anxiety or wonder of the inquirer how the thing can be so, like tandem ("' possibly," "I should like to know," "tell me," and hence " conceivable," " describable," "distinctive"). K. ~ 344, R. 2. These dwellings were probably standing in the time of Demosthenes, and hence they are spoken of in the pres. -- 7reptovaiav] "riches." — a7roc] Dat. of the agent after the pass., instead of the gen. with v7r6, or rather, it does not express barely the agent, but at the same time the persons interested in the action (" the affairs of the city were not 144 NOTES (3S managed by them and for personal advantage ") K. ~ 251, PtRR. 4, 5. 27. XpoEvolg.... rpolTaratGe] i"enjoying such leaders as I have spoken of." xpwpevoLt refers to kceiviotL, and ok is attracted into the case of rpoOarratg, i. e. the case required by xp(wEvowr, rather than that required by elirov, upon which logically it depends. xpWP6vott, then, controls all'the other words in the sentence. That is to say, the relative clause (oiS errov) is little more than a simple attributive to rpoarhratc (" enjoying what-I-spoke-of leaders"). Thus often. K. ~ 332. 6. - V-r " by," " under." Used as with the pass. after Exet, which is intransitive. K. ~ 249. 3. -r 7v Xplarcv -rTv Vbv]'" those excellent orators of the present day." XP~ar6r is often ironical. See De Coron. ~ 30. —'Ap y7el Ipa expresses doubt, and hence in plain cases like this has an ironical force. This point and irony are increased by y. See O5/ot6v ye, De Coron. ~ 136..- av Ehxv] "although I might be able." The part., as is often the case, contains the concessive idea, although, while, at the same time, by the influence of'v, it acquires a conditional meaning. See ~ 8; also, De Coron. ~ 258, note. - -pepiag ] "destitution," "absence," i. e. of rivals. Governed by're-AnqEpvot (" although having fallen upon," i. e. although living in an age, etc.). The relative sentence before this noun serves as an attributive to it. See above. -aro;o;X6rov] That is, at Leuctraand Mantinea, where they were overcome by the Thebans, and their power broken. —'ax62ov 6vrev] "Bello Phocensi tum maxime occupati erant Thebani." Wmn. -- tiv &vrtrT-a'aa'a] "to arrange themselves against us," " to contend with us," "to vie with us." - tfv 6'] For the construction of'E5v, see II. ~ 24. For the repetition of M6 so many times after /'v, see ~ 24, note. — ppaSeltv] "adjudicate," " decide." 28. x6pac obietiaS] Amphipolis and Chalcidice. See IV ~ 4.- Ev rs wro;i] That is, what was called the Bceotian (3) OLYNTHIAC III. 145 war, against the Lacedemonians (see the chronological table, 01. 100. 2). In this war the Athenians, principally by the exertions of Chabrias, Iphicrates, and Timotheus, regained a large part of' the allies which they had lost in the Social War. See Boeckh, p. 416, seq. re fro;'p? forms an antithesis to eiptYvn', below. There was peace at home at the time there referred to. And, indeed, even Philip was not professedly and openly at war with them, but pretended all the time to be at peace. And the Athenians opposed him so feebly, that they only gave him exercise in arms, and thus developed his strength. 29.'A;AX', C Tav] See I. ~ 36. Ka i....;*2pov;] "and what could one mention (i. e. as evidence of this)? Those battlements which we are bedaubing with plaster, and the ways which we are repairing, and fountains, and frivolities?" The orator is supposed here to refer especially to the foolish measures of Eubulus.- rog zraira iroatrevoltvovf] "those managing these affairs," "the authors of this policy." For the usage of 7roletredeOat, see De Coron. ~ 4, note. 30. ica iri 6o4 roTre] "and why now, I should like to know." For the force of irore, see ~ 26, note. -r6 v prP)Tov] "at the first," "originally." For the article here, see XV. ~ 14. Referring to the preceding and more prosperous period; it stands opposed to Yvv &,, below. The tear following, means " even," " also," that is to go on expeditions, as well as to do other duties. - aiyaOKov] That is, honors, office, etc. — ayayroTAv jv] "it was satisfactory," "it was esteemed a favor." —rwv Mi;oyv] That is, the others besides the people, viz. the orators. 31. 6da trorrV] The orators.- i/tes d' 6 fd6to;] "you the people." Just as in our language. - reptvp7rluvot] "bereft of," " deprived of." Takes the accusative, because in the active it takes two accusatives. K. ~ 280. 3, d.- v.... finc. ] For this use of jsupet, see II. ~ 14, note. - 6yairwvref] " well satisfied." See ~ 30; also, I. ~' 14. -- eoptx&v] Partitive 13 146 NOTES. (3) gen.; "of the theoric funds," " a pittance of the theoric funds." - poo6ptlta it amtv] " or exhibit to you with pomp the Boedromia." The Boedronmia (from ponidpOplEv, " to rush upon the enemy") was a festival, according to some, in honor of Apollo, but according to others, in commemoration of the victory of Theseus over the Amazons. See Smith's Diet. Antiq. - ia rO.... avpEt6rarov] " and what is the most manly of all," i. e. to mention " what is," etc. Ironical, of course. For the construction, see II. ~ 1, note. - x6ptv] " gratitude," "thanks," " obligation." To feel under obligation for what was their own was not, of course, very mainly. 0 d6'] The orators. - iKaOeipiavrect "shutting you up," "keeping you from going to engage in the wars." As the Scholiast suggests, the figure is taken from the confining, training, and domesticating wild beasts. Hence the particular coloring of the language which follows (rawyouvov, "train," rtOaaneovat, "tame," xetpoetc, "accustomed to the hand," " submissive "). 32. veavgcbv] " youthful," "high-spirited," "noble." This is a fine sentiment. A parallel passage is found in Cicero (Lal. IX. 32, quoted by VYmel,) -" Nihil enim altum, nihil magnificum ac divinum suscipere possunt, qui suas omnes cogitationes abjecerunt in rem tam humilem tamque contemptam." -TabTa] Transferred from the subordinate to the principal clause, and made dependent upon Oavpt6aatyt, explained by what follows. K. ~ 347, 3. -rV rerrotlKo6rv] Put in the gen. instead of the dat. after a, through the influence of teifov. Thus often, where the verb of the two clauses is the same, and the subject of the comparison is in an oblique case, dependent upon the verb (Jelf's K. ~ 782, e; also, Soph. Antig. v. 74.) It seems to be a species of what is called the comnparatio compendaria, where, instead of the attribute of one object being compared with the attributive of another, the attribute of one object is compared directly with the other object itself. K. ~ 323, R. 6. - yevaoat] Gov (3) OLYNTHIAC III. 147 erned by errotvc6rov.- wratps5ia] "freedom of speech," but here "liberty to speak fieely." Referring, not to any absolute restraint laid upon the liberty of speech, but to the various ways of annoying and silencing the expression of unpopular sentiments, such as hisses, groans, etc., resorted to by opposing factions and noisy demagogues. See De Coron. ~ 143, note. This whole passage (from ~ 24), employed in contrasting their present and past condition, is admirable. 33. (quza vvv y' ETL] i72a expresses opposition to a clause to be supplied; as, if not before, "yet," etc. In De Coron. ~ 191, we find the clause supplied before;a;ds to which it refers ('Errets 6' ob r 6rTE, S2ky). See the same combination of particles as* here, Soph. Antig. v. 552. - ra 7wreptovatatCj " excess of means," " superfluities," i. e. the theoric funds, which, as used at home, were of no advantage to the city. -— rv ayai,&v] Governed as a partitive gen. by ri'ir, "external advantages," " interests out of the city." - i-ot av, ao'gr] Observe the repetition for emphasis and rhetorical effect, and see II. ~ 10. The opt. here in the apodosis, follows the subj. with'e&v in the protasis, in order to represent the consequence as more uncertain or undetermined. K. 339. 3, a; C. ~ 74. 3, 2. -rg0etS6v 7n.... iyao0v] "some perfect and great good," i. e. the recovery of what they had lost, the conquest of Philip, the restoring of the state to its former splendor and power. Franke. - riv rotoMruov XrlqtIttrv] "from such paltry gains," i. e. the reception of their theatrical fees, etc., as described in ~ 31. —roZ &aO ivobat] Governed by d6t&o/voit ("like morsels given to the sick by the doctors"). atria is vegetable food, and evidently refers here to the simpler forms of its preparation, such as are barely sufficient to keep one alive, and under the doctor's hands, without imparting health and strength. EKEva.... raera] Observe the use of these two pronouns here. The former refers to atrorw, as being introduced barely for the purpose of 148 NOTES. (3) illustration, and hence, in thought, though mentioned last, the more remote object, while the latter refers to what is illustrated by aeriotc, i. e. the miserable pittance dealt out to them by the political leaders, in the form of shows, etc. - -vueaOe] "receive," "enjoy." Observe the peculiar force of the middle voice. In the act. it means "to distribute," hence in the mid. " to distribute among themselves," receive, enjoy. - &kroyv6vram'] " having renounced," " relinquished," "given up." Second aorist part. from t7roytyv~,aKGo. 34. OVKoiv....yert;] "ergo tu stipendiuml facere jubes ex pecuniis theatralibus?" Auger. - Kai rapaxp~ul.. rarov,] "yes, and forthwith, too, the same arrangement of all," i. e. the same liability to military service, as well as the same pay from the theoric fund. They.could not then charge him with proposing to take these funds from the people, since he only proposed that all alike should draw from them, and all alike perform some public service in return. He evidently gives this as the substance of what he had been proposing in the previous part of the oration, as this is the peroration. See also'yayov, eDrov, ~ 35. Hence the opt. diotro, vir&p',ot, which follow. - -Rv eotvjv] The theoric funds. - yr pepor] Observe the possessive meaning of the art. (his part). K. ~ 244. 3, 4; also, De Coron. ~ 2, note. - ovO' 7rvapxot] " might be this," i. e. he might be what his country wanted. For the opt., see above. There are other readings here, but this seems to be supported by the best authority. -'ETeartv cayetv 7avXiav;] The orator now proceeds to describe more fully the nature of his proposition, by making application of it to the various cases which would be likely to occur. His first supposition is, that there is a state of peace. In this case they would draw their proportion of the fund, and thus be bettered by it. -,eeriWov] "bettered," i. e., as he goes on to say, by being relieved of the necessity of doing any thing disgraceful through want. Some understand i5ir&pLot here, but as the design is to de scribe how each one may be what his country needs, in different cases, nothing seems to be required but the part. (jIvswv). So we have vra&pCxJv in the next case. But in the third case, by a change of construction, we have the imperat. (?.aip3av&ro). -- avaycg] "by necessity." -- lotorov] That is, "so unfavorable," "so disastrous." Referring to the war with, Philip. - ai-rnc] "yourself," "'personally." — arob r-v avrv, IC. r. X.] That is, the fees or stipend drawn from the theoric fund. - -5o r' 9txKiar] " beyond the military age." If taken in its highest sense, this was above sixty. But in particular campaigns they usually named some age under this, up to which citizens would be liable to enlistment. See ~ 4, note. - -v lia TN el] "in an equal or uniform system." As those liable to military service were to serve abroad for their stipend, so those beyond this age were to serve at home, as in the Senate, the assembly, the courts, etc. 35. Oar' baE&&v.... pltzcpxv] "neither having taken away nor added, except small things." He had left to them their theoric fees as before, to be increased, however, to a stipend (tLaoOopoiv), and had only added, that all thus receiving of their country's treasures should perform some public service for that country. -- yayov] "I led," "reduced," i. e. when supposed to be interrupted by the question at the beginning of ~ 34, and, indeed, he had been doing it in all the preceding part of the speech; the purpose is expressed by the aor. as accomplished. So ebrov below. See also ~ 34, note. — ra4v 7rto4ta] "4 having made the same system." Separated from XTv a'irv by the intervening words, because they bear an attributive relation to it. See II. 16.ra' rv 7rotomvrTOv] "what belongs to those doing something." - arov] "ourselves." - pyeiv giat axoa&etv] The former indicates "freedom from toil," the latter, " freedom from care and anxiety." - aropeiv] That is, as the Scholiast interprets it, "to hang around the theatres, receiving nothing but themi 13* 150 NOTES. (4) two obols for admission, instead of entering the war and enriching themselves by it." This is suggestive of the condition of the common people at Athens. See also Xen. Anab. III. 2. 26. —roo deivo] " Charetis, Charidemi aliusve ducis mercenariorum." Franke. - t.... vuccOa] A substantive sentence repeated by raira. They were more likely, of course, in the present state of affairs, to hear of their being conquered, but the orator does not want to admit the possibility even of a mercenary force, under an Athenian general, being conquered. " De industria verbo plausibili est usus ad excitgndos glorioa ac victorie dulcedine animos." Wolf. 36. ox~t Zlpooat, x. r. X.] "Monet orator hmec a se dici non odio mercenariorum militum, sed Atheniensium studio." Franke. — r &peri] Strictly depending on r&ue(as, but placed after the relative, as though depending upon it, for emphasis ("not to retire from the post which to you your ancestors, the post of valor, left"). -- aoc8e] Opt., expressing a wish. K. ~ 259. 3, b. PHILIPPIC I. THIS Oration was delivered four years earlier than the Olynthiacs, Olymp. 107. 1, B. C. 352, in order to arouso the Athenians from their supineness and dejection to some decisive measures of resistance to the dangerous aggressions of Philip, with whom they were in a state of neither peace nor war. The following is the course of thought:1. Were a new subject before them for deliberation, he should have waited till the older members had spoken. ~ 1. 2. In the first place, they should not be discouraged, because their misfortunes had been brought about by neglect (4) PHILIPPIC I. 151 of their duty, and might, therefore, be repaired by doing their duty. 2. 3. Again, they should be encouraged by calling to mind their success against the Lacedoemonians on a former occasion, when each one acted worthily of the city. 3. 4. That there was no occasion for discouragement in the fact that Philip had acquired so extensive means and possessions, since they themselves once possessed nearly all of them; and as he gained these originally by not standing in fear of the Athenians, then having at their command such extensive resources, so they might recover them if they would only act upon the same principles which he had acted upon, and not stand in awe of him as a god, who held his possessions so securely and firmly that they could not be wrested from him. 4 -8. 5. That, in consequence of this servile feeling of awe which they had manifested towards him, he had been emboldened to proceed from one step to another in his aggressions upon their interests, till he had reached such a point that it seemed impossible to conceive of any thing better fitted to arouse them to the most strenuous opposition, whereas they were only busying themselves in hearing and reporting certain rumors about him, instead of resisting him. 9-12. 6. That he would now proceed to describe the kind, extent of, and the means of sustaining the force which seemed to him suited to the demands of the case, requesting them to suspend their judgment of his plan till he had fully developed it, especially as his scheme was directly opposed to those temporary measures to which they were accustomed to give heed. 13-15. 7. That they should raise a force of citizen soldiers, with the necessary vessels, which should hold itself in readiness at all times to issue out to meet Philip in any of his sudden sallies forth from his country, and thus keep him at lome, or else attack his country if he left it. 16 - 18. 152 NOTES. (4) 8. That first, however, they should raise a mixed force of two thousand infantry and two hundred cavalry, and furnish them with fast-sailing vessels, to act on the offensive, and perpetually harass him by every possible means. 19 - 22. 9. That he had proposed so small a force, in order that there might be no difficulty in maintaining it, and because -a large force did not seem to be demanded for this kind of service; while he had prCposed to have it consist partly of mercenaries and partly of citizen soldiers, since past experience had proved that mercenaries could not be trusted without an intermixture of citizens. Hence, all, both common citizens and citizen generals, should hold themselves in readiness to go forth in the service of their country, and not hang around Athens, as they were accustomed to, witnessing and exhibiting shows. 23 - 27. 10. That it would only be necessary to provide sufficient neans to furnish this force with ration-money, since they would easily obtain the rest from the enemy. 28 - 30. 11. That an acquaintance with the situation of the country of Philip, and of the winds prevailing on the coast, would suggest the propriety of providing a station for this force at some of the islands off the coast of Macedonia, whence it might avail itself of all favorable opportunities of injuring or annoying him. 31, 32. 12. That if they would make such arrangements, and individually enter into them with zeal, they would not need to make any further arrangements, and would speedily deprive Philip of the greater part of his resources, who had grown rich and powerful only by plundering them. But in order to the success of the plan, it must be definitely established in all its particulars and details by law, for the want of which their plans had failed hitherto. 33- 37. 13. That, in opposing Philip, hitherto, they had merely followed in the wake of his conquests, and endeavored to re. (4) PHILIPPIC I. 153 pair the losses which they had sustained from time to time, without pursuing any comprehensive plan fori defending themselves against his ravages. But that he had now reached such a pitch of' insolent daring, that, if they had any spirit left, they would enter personally and with zeal upon some more comprehensive plan of resistance, and not trust, as they had hitherto, to mercenary troops alone. 38- 46. 14. That the only way in which they could hope to render their condition any better was by becoming soldiers themselves, and instead of occupying themselves in bringing the generals to trial, and fabricating rumors about the movements and designs of Philip, they should fix it in their minds that he was their settled enemy, and would do them all the harm he could, and oppose hima as such. 47 - 50. 15. That he had not spoken for their gratification, but for their good, as he was wont to do, but did not feel sure that what he had said for their good would not result to his injury. 51. ~ 1. Et.... rpovriOer-o] "if it had been proposed," "if we had been called upon," i. e. by the irp6c&pot. See III. ~ 18. Impossible conditional propositions relating to the past are expressed in English by the pluperfect, both in the conditioning and the conditioned clauses (as, "if he had been living he would have obeyed my summons," but he is not living, etc.). In Greek such propositions are expressed either by the imperfect, by the aorist, or by the pluperfect, in each case with el in the conditioning clause and