CHURCH, WITH ADJACENT BUILDINGST &C., AT HONOLULU,  H. I.)
Thisunphctograp' ic vi w shows to the o server, sippcstd Jo be looking S.E.:
, the brow or a criter, (Diamin id lfed) in the distance;  2, the oldest mission house
in the group, standinz beside the w,y leadine from a point near the landing to
Oahu College and Waikiki, and opposite the site of the mission printing office and
bindery, now of a Female Seminary; 3. the Depository of the mission, and residence
of a late secular Agent* 4, the Puritan stone or coral Church, 144 feet in length
founded on a rock with its pillared front showing respectable carvings of the Hiwaiian order, out of the massive blocks that com pose its walls:  5, a School house, of
adobe-walls and thatched roof, somnetimes used for Annual Meetings of the Mission
or Evangelical Association; 6 a ship at sea, coming to the comodious. welcoming
harbor. half a mile S. of W. from the Church, and in front of the well shaded town.
This capacious edifice is one of many monuments of progress-two of which, coeval
with this, being the free Constitution for the people, and the completed Hawaiian
Bible, in the distinguished reign of Kamehameha III
The living working church, worshipin  in this temple holding a good title to the
property, and having an eloquent Pastor,born and educated there, an excellent Organ
purchased by them in Boston, a skilled choir and a Salibath School reporting an average attendance of 25 teachers, 76 boys, 72 girls and 41 a     dults. has received, on credible
nrofession of faith in Christ, 4,572 members, admitting aid dismissing many by letter.
Theaggregate of Protestant admissions on profession in the kingdom, amounted, in
Juno, 1868, to 47 436. The contributions of this first church and congregation at Honolulu, the last year, for sustaining and extending the gospel cause by domestic and
foriign work, were $2,449.36, including the annualsup)ort ($1.000) of their Pastor,
the Rev. H. H. Parker,  The reported aggregate of contributions of the fifty Puritan
churches of the Hawaiian Islands, for the same year, was $29,023.17.
Of this first church at Honolulu, during 43 years, 2,054 have died. The number reported last June, in this church, as  in good standing, " [sitting or livingz unentangled, as they would say,l is 2 330, harnessed for effective work -Herein, laus Deo, a
blessed promise is fulfilled.                                                H. B.
1          2              3
4
5          C 
PURITAN MISSIONS IN TlHE PACIFIC:
A DISCOURSE,
DELIVERED AT HONOLULU, (S. I.,)
ON TIHE ANNIVERSARY
OF THE
HAWAIIAN  EVANGELICAL  ASSOCIATION,
SABBATHII EVENING, JUNE 17, 1866.
BY PREv. SAMUEL  C. DAMON.
AMERICAN EDITION.
-,, o.;
NEW HAVEN:
PRINTED FOR J. HUNNEWELL,
BY TUTTLE, MOREHOUSE & TAYLOR.
1868. 
lIO'OLUJLUT, June 18, 1866.
Rev. S. C. DAMOX:
Dear Sir,-The undersigned respectfully request the publication, at your earliest convenience, of your interesting and very comprehensive discourse on  "The History of Puritan  Missions  in the
Pacific," preached in Fort Street Church last evening.
With the expression of sincere friendship, as ever, yours,
E. CORWIN,                  LORRIN ANDREWVS
ELISHA H. ALLENX             S. PECK,
JAMES  McBRIDE,            J. WV. AUSTIN. 
PI E F A CE.
To encourage a healthful sympathy with the Island-World, too long
neglected and too often wronged, but lately compassionated, an American edition of this brief sketch of "Puritan Missions in the Pacific,"
is offered to the friends of Evangelization, from a Hawaiian edition
published at Honolulu in 1866, by "the Hawaiian Evangelical Association" chiefly of ministers of Christ, foreign, aboriginal, and sons of
missionaries, who are apt to teach and are disposed to take home to
their welcoming heart the gracious command which Christ gave to
His favored people, "Preach the gospel to every creature," to all His
subjects on earth, for whom He had provided the great salvation.
It may be proper to apprise the reader into whose hands this tract
may fall, that the highly esteemed and trustworthy author has been
many years the American Seaman's Friend Society's chaplain at Honolulu, the friend of the thousands of mariners from various nations,
who, year after year, visit the Sandwich Islands. He is a friend of
the Aborigines also, and of their true helpers, the translators and publishers of the Christian's Bible for the needy dwellers in the scattered
and clustered Isles of that great ocean, and has had favorable opportunities for acquiring and imparting interesting and useful information
on this subject to his hearers and readers.
This edition is issued with the consent of the Author, and at the
expense of James Hunnewell, Esq., another friend of our mission,
firm and faithful from the embarkation of the Pioneers at Boston, 1819,
and during the whole period of the varied struggles of that mission,
and the Micronesian, and the Marquesan for which he educated and
otherwise befriended an able Hawaiian missionary, whose letter to
President Lincoln, respecting his rescue of an American, is appended.
The historian of the planting and progress of Christianity in the
heathen Islands of the Pacific, without considering the adverse influences or counteracting forces from abroad employed vigorously to forestall, check or roll back needful reforms, cannot do full justice to the
enlightening, renovating and reformative power of the divine word, as
shown in taking numerous dark hearted tribes out of the leadership of
the enemy of God and man who for ares had held them under various
baleful influences as his miserable captives. and enlisting many thousands among them heartily in the service of the Prince of Peace.
From the period of the signal fall of the idols of Tahiti and Hawaii
we had great reason for anxious fears that such debased and ignorant
people, like oft revolting Israel, after the many and mighty wonders 
4
God had shown them, even after the building of the temple of Jehovah,
"the glory of all lands," would relapse into idolatry in some of its soul destroying forms. - Hence the urgency was greatly enhanced to fortify
the Lord's cause by the translation, diffusion and use of the Scriptures
as the best possible safe-guard against heresy, idolatry, injustice, intemperance, and impurity of life and m-anners.  True Uhristian mis sionaries therefore never deny their disciples the free use of the Bible,
and then anathematize them as heretics if they follow not the creed of
their teachers. Thanks be to God for His wonderful protection of His
own cause.
Taking the inspired criterion as a test of the genuineness of the piety
of the Scripture-searching-converts in the Pacific, and asking no favors
on account of what a higher civilization may be supposed to do for
others,-what, I ask, has the Christian community under Puritan mis sionaries of any evangelized group or island there, to fear from a comparison with the fruits of a Christian civilization that tramples on
moral and disparages legal restraints of a demoralizing liquor traffic;
demands, enacts, enforces and justifies a fugitive slave law; and in the
case of millions of professed Christian citizens, favors secession and
rebellion because the nation would not extend but only conserve
slavery; and moreover produces and sends over two oceans, to display
their true character as antagonistic to Puritan missions, the Percivals,
Ebbettses, Charltons, Dudoirs, Laplaces, Paulets, Staleys, and bands of
Romanizers of the nineteenth century of redeeming and regenerating
grace, chiefly accepted communicants, "having a name to live," as we
who saw and felt their interference charitably think?"
To the oppressive and practical teachers of unrighteousness, the Am.
Dolphin, French Le Artimise and Embuscade, and the English Carysfort, the rulers whose rights they invaded, were reluctant to yield, but
to some were compelled to yield, but with a deep sense of inexcusable
injustice. The former outrage was disowned and rebuked by the
American Government, and the latter gross interference with an independent state was never authorized by the British Government, and
was soon corrected by the noble Admiral Thomas, whose timely benefaction in "restoring the life of the land " is annually celebrated by the
grateful Hawaiian people, as we ought to commemorate the restoration to health and peace of our republic by our patriotic army under
Lincoln and Grant.
Of the Artimise, Count Agenor de Gasparin, a French nobleman, says,
The violence which installed the Romish worship in all its pomp
in the midst of a nation but recently won over to a true spiritual worship, at the same time opened its ports to spirituous liquors from
France."
May the reader of these pages be encouraged to do what is possible for the speedy consummation of the true foreign missionary work.
H. BINGHAM.
New Haven, Oct. 1, 1868. 
PURITAN MISSIONS IN THE PACIFIC.
A DISCOURSE.
ISAIAi 42: 4. —" The isles shall wait for His law."
MAITiiEW 28: 19,-" Go ye therefore, and teach all nations."
When Isaiah glanced his prophetic eye down the vista
of coming centuries, he was favored with a glorious vision of the conversion of the Gentile world to the Messiah.
The vision has passed away, but the reality has taken its
place. Prophecy is now receiving its fulfillment and gradually melting away into the details of history.  "Prophecy," says Lord Bacon, "is a kind of historiography."
It requires no forced and arbitrary principle of scriptural
interpretation to apply the language of Isaiah, in the
text, to the peculiar situation of Hawaiians when the law
of God was first proclaimed among them, or to Polynesians generally when Protestant Missions were first established in the Pacific. The application is natural, gracefil and satisfactory.   While prophecies are not to be regarded as our rule of duty, yet from their study we may
gather strength and courage to press forward in the pathway of obedience, especially when we witness passing
events in the world's history manifestly fulfilling what
the prophets of the Lord foretold should take place in the
last days, when "the mountain of the Lord's house shall
be established in the top of the mountains, and shall be
exalted above the hills: and all nations shall flow unto it."
Was it not so with Peter on the day of Pentecost? With
what telling effect he quoted the prophetic language of
David and Joel, in his sermon on that memorable occasion!
1* 
6
The subject of Foreign Missions, or Missions ta unevani
gelizedl nations, may be profitably contemplated in the
light of Hebrew-Prophecy.  Those old prophets stood on
a mount of vision far more elevated than that occupied
by the wise men of heathen antiquiity  While philosophy
was discussed in the schools of Aristotle and Plato, at
Athens, visions of the Messiah's triumphs among Gentile
nations were passing before the enraptured minds of Isaiah,
Daniel and Malachi. All the rays of light radiating from
Hebrew prophecy were found to converge and center on
the Promised Messiah, as the central figure in that grand
panoramic picture of coming events.   In the fullness of
time He made His appearance, and finished His work, but
ere taking His departure from this world He gathered
His eleven disciples, and thus addressed them:   " Go ye
therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the
name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy
Ghost." That command seems clothed with a species of
military authority, admitting of no questioning or reasoning on the part of those to whom it was or is addressed.
Never has our Savior's last command been cancelled, revoked or altered. It is as binding now upon the Church,
individually and collectively, as when it was first uttered.
When a young English clergyman applied for advice to
the Duke of Wellington, respecting his duty to go as a
MIissionary to India, the hero of Waterloo replied, "Look
to your marching orders." That pithy and laconic answer is the best of all comments which I have ever read
upon our Savior's last command to His disciples. That
command contains the tmarcti?,q ord,ers of the Churchmilitant, until the Gospel shall be preached to every creature. When those orders are obeyed, then will the great
Captain of our Salvation fulfill His gracious promise,
"Lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the
world."
Gathered, as we are, on this Missionary Anniversary, I
have chosen as my theme of discourse, 
PURITAN MISSIONS IN THE  PACIFIC.
The time has not arrived for writing a full and complete History of Missionary enterprises in the Pacific. It
is, however, approaching.  For a work of this nature the
most abundant materials are in process of collection in
London, Boston, Lyons, Honolulu, or wherever there is a
center of Missionary operations, extending to any portion
of Polynesia. The time is coming when the history of
each separate Mission will not be viewed apart and isolated
from the rest, but as an integral part of a grand and comprehensive work, bearing some such title as "The History
of Christianity in Polynesia," or "The History of Missions in the Pacific." As the various dialects spoken by
the Fejeeans, Samoans, Tahitians, Marquesans and Hawaiians form but one language, so all- Polynesians are members of the same family or race, and whoever would understand or study one should study all.
At a glance it will readily appear that a most interesting
field of inquiry and investigation is spread open. A complete history cannot at present be written, for the work
of evangelization remains unfinished. All the Islands of
Polynesia have not as yet been visited by the Missionary
of the Cross. There are numerous dwellers on the islands
of Micronesia, and upon those islands with New Guinea,
or Papua, for a center, who have never yet seen a Missionariy or heard the name of Jesus. From this widely
extended field of operations-evangelized and unevangelized-the most abundant historical materials are now being
gathered in the archives of the various Missionary and
Historical Societies.  When such a history is completed,
it will embrace the records of the labors, efforts and doings of various Missionary Associations, Protestant and
Catholic. This history will prove one of no ordinary interest, when it shall be written by an Ellis or Jarves, a
Bingham or Anderson, a Williams or Cheever, a Turner
or Dibble, a Murray or Stewart.   It will be unique in
character.   To those whose minds are ifully alive to the
sublime work of man's Redemption by a crucified Re
7 
dcleemer, this history will exceed in interest the most eciting tales of romance which were ever written.   Most
truly may those readers be envied, who will at some future day peruse a comprehensive history of Gospel triumphs at Tahiti, Samoa, and hundreds of other islands of
Polynesia.  Look at a map of the Pacific.   Scarcely a
generation has passed away, since, throughout all these
widely extended regions of our globes the Prince of Darkness reigned supreme.  Idol-temples were as numerous as
the villages which lined the shores or were scattered over
the hills and mountains. Idolatry everywhere abounded.
Cruelty and oppression were common. There was much
in the beauty of the natural scenery to please the eye and
captivate the fancy. Voyagers delighted to describe the
paradisaical appearance of the numerous islands which
sparkled like so many gems in the peaceful waters of the
vast Pacific; but the moral aspect was dark, and the nearer it was viewed the darker it appeared, although the
Bishop of Oxford describes the inhabitants of Polynesia
as "children of nature, children of the air, children of
light, children of the sun, children of beauty, taking their
greatest pleasure in the dance."   Alas, man is a sinner.
His heart is depraved. The debased character of the unevangelized Polynesian has never been fully laid open to
view, any more than the heart of the sinner in civilized
lands.
"Is this a flight of fancy?  Would it were I
ieaven's Sovereign saves all beings but Himself,
That hideous sight, a naked human heart."
Yet at the door of hearts concealing "that hideous
sight," the Savior has knocked and found a welcome.
MIost cordially has He been welcomed by multitudes of
idolatrous Polynesians, some of whom were once cannibals. Is not the history of such a people full of interest?
WVhat can be more so?  What struggles, what joys, what
sorrows the Recording Angel has noted down in God's
3ook of Remembrance, which will be disclosed in another
world! To a sketch of Puritan Missionary operations in
the Pacific I would now call your attention.
.q 
After Cook, Vancouver and other explorers had returned to Europe, and published the thrilling narratives
of their voyages in the far-off regions of the Pacific,
their reports awakened an interest second only to that
which followed'that of Columbus that a new world had
been discovered.   A Macedonian call was heard, "Who
will volunteer to go forth as Missionaries to reclaim the
dwellers on these beautiful islands from heathenism to
Christianity?"   Years passed away, and there was no
response to this call, although some have reported, but I
think without due foundation, that Vancouver had solemnly pledged his word to send forth a missionary to the
Sandwich Islands. Cook took to England, from the Society Islands, the "gentle savage," Omai; but listen to
the desponding address of the poet Cowper to that visitor
from Polynesia, who represented the heathen imploring
the Gospel.
"Alas! expect it not. We found no bait
To tempt us to thy country. Doing good,
-Disinterested good, is not our trade.
We travel far,'tis true, but not for naught,
And must be bribed to compass earth again,
By other hopes and richer fruits than yours."
Tile hou', however, wscts about to strike, or be shown, on
Time's dial-plate for Polynesians to pass into a new form of
being. Old things were to pass away, andl all things to become new. To whom shall be assigned the high honor of
performing the human portion of this great work? Heaven
assigns the enterprise to the Puritans of Old and New
England. Who can doubt that it was the Spirit of God
which first awakened a Missionary zeal among them to enter upon this Herculean undertaking? It must beborne in
mind that the Mlissionary enterprise appeared to be a far
different work then, from what it does at present. Whatever other branches of the Church universal may hereafter
follow in the footsteps of the Puritans, yet to them belongs
the high honor of having been the pioneers in this bold
work.
To English Puritans was assigned the work in the South
Pacific, and to American Puritans a similar undertaking
9 
10
north of the Line. Bigotry, prejudice and Sectarianism
may combine to overturn what the Puritan has accomplished, or Christian zeal may prompt Missionaries of
other denominations to perform what the Purtian had
left undone; but the future and impartial historian will
ever award to him a most honorable meed of praise, for
having been the apostle of Christianity among the inhabitants of Polynesia. The Puritan's record is a noble one.
It cannot be effaced or blotted out.  It has become a part
of the history of a world's redemption. The history of
modern Missions is but an appendix to the "Acts of the
Apostles," while Puritan Miissions in Polynesia form a
bright and glorious chapterin that appendix.
Tahitian Mission.
On the 10th of August, 1796, or just seventy years ago,
a vessel sailed down the River Thames, conveying as precious a company as that which left Plymouth on board the
.fVayflower for the shores of New England in 1620. This
vessel was called the -ZD,g, and commanded by that most
remarkable man, Capt. 5Vilson. He was the man whom
Hyder Ali, that monster of cruelty in India, had loaded
with irons and confined in a prison of India, fron which
he came forth, after twenty-two months of imprisonment,
emaciated, half starved and naked. This was the man
whose hair breadth escapes and daring adventures caused
a Turk in the train of Hlyder Ali to exclaim, "This is
God's man."*  Having experienced such unexampled sufferings, God honored him as the commander of the first
Missionary vessel to the isles of Polynesia. It was early
dawn when the I),Dt  quietly glided away from the docks
of London, and the Missionary company on board united
in singing,
"Jesus, at Thy command,
I launch into the deep."t
* Williams' Missionary Enterprises.
f Missionary Voyages, ship Duff. London, 1799. 
11
The year previous to the sailing of these pioneer Missionaries, the London Missionary Society was organized,
and was now sending forth a band of Missionaries to the
far distant South Sea Islands. They were going forth to
establish the first Mission planted under the auspices of
that noble and most truly Catholic Missionary Society,
which for seventy years has not faltered in its glorious
career.
Many were the difficulties and obstacles which attended
these early efforts of the friends of modern Missions.
Some of their views were incorrect.   The minds of the
Directors were laboring under that false and erroneous
idea, that civilization must precede the introduction of
Christianity among a heathen and savage people. We
may learn this fact from the somewhat unclerical and nonMissionary character of that first band of Missionaries to
the shores of Tahiti. The following is a list of these MAlissionaries:   Four ordained Missionaries, five carpenters,
one shop-keeper, one buckle and harness maker, two tailors, two shoemakers, one gentleman's servant (subsequently turned tin worker,) one whitesmith and gardener,
one surgeon, one brazier, one cooper, one butcher, one
cotton-manufacturer, one Indian weaver, one hatter, two
bricklayers, one linen-draper and one cabinet-maker. Only
two of the four' clergymen were accompanied by their
wives. The weaver, one of the carpenters, the butcher
and the brazier were also accompanied by their helpmeets.
Three children also belonged to the company.   In all
there were thirty-nine souls.   The youngest member of
the company was sixteen months, and the oldest sixtyfour years.
The Duf made a prosperous passage from England to
Tahiti, touching at the Western Islands and Rio Janeiro.
In the contrast of the habits of Puritan Missionaries of that
period with those of the present, this fact is noteworthy,
that at Teneriffe, the Missionaries were instructed to procure " four pipes of the best wine, in hogsheads," and pay
for the same by i a draft on the Treasurer" of the Society.
Missionaries of recent times do not receive instructions
of this nature from the Secretaries of those Societies which 
send them forth.   During the voyage the attention of
the Missionaries was much occupied in making arrangements for future operations. It was decided that the four
ordained Missionaries, together with twenty others, including five females, and two children, should remain at
Tahiti, ten of the company should proceed to Tonga, and
two-Mr. Harris, the cooper, and Mr. Crook, the gentleman's servant-should proceed and establish a Mission on
the Marquesas Islands.    -
On the 4th of March, 1797, the Missionaries approached
the long wished-for and beautiful shores of Tahiti.  The
following day being the Sabbath, they did not land, but
held divine service on board, the simple-minded and idolatrous inhabitants witnessing the scene from the shore.
The Rev. Mr. Cover preached from the text, "God is
love," and hymns commencing with the following lines
were sung:
O'er the gloomy hills of darkness;"
"Blow ye the trumpet, blow."
It may now be said the work of evangelizing the inhabitants of Polynesia had commenced. The Missionaries
had entered there upon their arduous, difficult and untried
work. Not to have made mistakes would have been
more than should have been expected of the uninspired.
The history of the Mission to Tahiti has been so often
published, and is so familiar, that I shall not dwell upon its
details,.but only touch upon those points deemed worthy
of notice, in presenting a rapid sketch of the operations
of the London Missionary Society in the Pacific. The fundamental principle of this Society, adopted at its first an.
nual meeting, in May, ] 796, is thus defined: "Its design
is not to send Presbyterianism, Independency, Episcopacy, or any other form of Church order or government,
but the glorious Gospel of the blessed God to the heathen."
Now, although this Society is supported by various Evangelical Christian denominations in England, yet the Directors leave it to the Missionaries "to assume for themselves such form of Church government as to them shall
appealr most agreeable to the Word of God." So far as
12 
13
I am able to ascertain the facts, all Missionaries sent out
fi-om England to establish and perpetuate Christianity in
the South Seas have been of the Puritan stamp, except
those of the " Church Missionary Society," and of the
i Society for the Propagation of the Gospel." Missionaries of these two Societies have confined their efforts almost entirely to New Zealand. The Wesleyan Missionaries at the Tonga and Feejee Islands, as well as those in
New Zealand, I doubt not would wish to be classed among
Puritans, rather than among those "Church" Missionaries, whose views are High Church, Puseyite or Ritualistic.  Taking this view of the subject, Puritan Missions
in the Pacific are spread over the following groups of
islands, viz: Society, Marquesan, Hervey, Friendly, Samoan, Feejeean, New Hebrides, Hawaiian and MAlicronesian. This is a very large and populous field for Missionary operations, but in working it, Puritans from Old and
New England have sent forth as devoted bands of Missionaries as ever labored among the heathen, and most
liberally expended funds to carry forward their enterprises.
As a groundwork for their operations, they have caused
the entire Bible to be translated into the dialects spoken
at Tahiti, Tonga, Samoa, Rarotonga and Hawaiian Islands,
and parts of the Bible into many other dialects.   The
cardinal idea of all these Missionaries is this, that Missionaries, when sent to preach the Gospel among an unevangelized and heathen people, should aim to convert sinners
to Christ, and preach among them the simple principles
of the Gospel, and not the peculiar tenets or opinions of
any one Christian sect. They hold that the Bible should
be translated and printed in the various languages and
dialects spoken by all nations. They place great stress
upon the preaching of the Gospel.
With such views the English Missionaries commenced
their labors at the Society Islands. At the end of three
years a chapel was built, but it was nearly five years be fore the Missionaries could preach familiarly in the lan guage of the people. Sixteen years rolled away ere a single
convert was recognized. Many changes had taken place
in the Mission. Several of the company left for the col                         2 
14
ony of New  South Wales.   The interest awakened in
England at the outset of the Mission, hacd died away, and
the question was seriously discussed of abandoning the
enterprise. The work required was too exacting'for the
weak and faint-hearted. There was, however, one devoted
friend of the mission in England, who would listen to no
such proposition. iHe declared he would sell his coat
from his back rather than the Mission should be given up.
This good man was ITAWEIS.   He was a Churchman of
enlarged views and noble conduct. He presented the
Society with a donation of ~200, or $1,000, and then proposed that the friends of the enterprise should observe a
day of fasting and prayer. This was the set time for the
God of Miissions to favor His Zion at Tahiti.  The vessel
taking out instructions for the Missionaries to continue
their work, was on her outward-bound passage while a
homeward-bound vessel from Tahiti was returning to England freighted with idols which had been given up. The
dawn was now approaching, after a long night of toil.
The glad news thrilled the hearts of the friends of Missions in England and other parts of the world.   It was
a most memorable event in the history of not only the
Mission to the South Seas, but of Missions in general.
While the Christian Church was praying, God heard and
answered their prayers. These eyents occurred just half
a century ago.   What momentous events have since
occurred in the history of Missions!
In the year 1817, two most remarkable men joined the
mission at Tahiti.  One was the Rev. Mr. Williams,
who won for himself the enviable title of the Apostle of
Missions in the South Seas, but who finally was killed,
and will forever be known in the history of Missions as
the "Martyr of Erromanga."  A monument has been
erected over his remains, at Apia, Samoan Islands, with
this inscription: "Sacred to the Memory of the Rev.
John Williams, the Father of the Samoan and other aissions, aged 43 years and 5 months, who was killed by
the cruel natives of Erromanga, while endeavoring to
plant the Gospel of Peace on their shores." Beautifuilly
does Mrs. Ellis, in her poem,' The Island Queen," thus
portray the character of the martyr, Williams, 
15
" A man sublime in his simplicity      Hiero of Missions-whose expansive soul
Nor realms could satisfy, nor space control;
To one great purpose true, his manly part
Proving the power of earnestness of heart
While burned his zeal amid all dangers warm,
Brightest when tried, and strongest in the storm."
The other was Rev. William Ellis, who still survives
and is one of the most remarkable men now living.  His
fame is world-wide. Missions in the South Seas and the
Hawaiian Islands are his debtors, while his repeated
visits to the Island of MIadagasear entitle him to rank
among the Missionary benefactors of the heathen world.
The very last accounts from England inform us that, in
his vigorous old age, he is still laboring for Missions,
and that our Mission is not forgotten. By the last mail
a goodly-sized pamphlet was received, with the following on its title-page; "The American Mission in the
Sandwich Islands; a Vindication and an Appeal in relation to the Plroceedings of the Reformed Catholic MIission in Honolulu.  By, ev.  W  Ellis," &e.  This is a
sound, masterly and triumphant vindication and appeal,
by a veteran in the Missionary cause.  Respecting its
author I would add:  Noble man! Long may he survive to labor in the MIissionary cause, ere his name shall
be enrolled beside that of Elliot, Brainard, Martyn, Buchanan, Sechwarz, MAills, Judson, Cary,
"Whose honored names on history's page shall live."
For they, with many others, have devoted their lives to
the evangelization of the heathen world.
During the last half-century the missionary work has
been prosecuted at the Society ilands with varied success. The Missionaries and native Christians have passed
through a series of trials and persecutions.  Most nobly
have the native Churches been sustained.  The Tahitians
have held on to the principles of Protestant Christianity
with true Walden,sean tenacity The emissaries of Rome
have found their match among the guava and orange
groves of Tahiti, as well as amid the fastnesses ofthe Alps.
It is a matter of great astonishment that the Tahitians 
16
should have so pertinaciously and resolutely adhered to
the faith taught them by the English Missionaries. It
is proof positive that Christianity has taken a firm hold
of the hearts of the Chiefs and people of Tahiti. At
the last accounts, Protestant ministers and teachers were
settling among them, who were sent out firom France,
while an appeal has been made to America for funds to
sustain the Mission.
The following points I deem worthy of special attention in estimating the good accomplished by the establishment of the Mission at Tahiti: 1. It being the pioneer Mission in Polynesia, all subsequent Missions have
profited by its example-its errors, its failures and its suecesses. Not only have other Missions in Polynesia profitedl by a study of its history, but Missions in other
parts of the heathen world have also been benefited by reviewing its progress.  2. The history of this
Mission has effectually exploded the idea that civilization
should precede Christianity, in the evangelization of a
heathen people.  Neither the London  Missionary  Society, nor any other Missionary Association, will ever
send forth so many secular men to establish and prosecute the Missionary work. 3. Tahiti has been found to
be admirably situated as a centre or base of Missionary
operations.  From this base Missionaries have gone in
many directions, as will appear firom brief sketches of
Missionary operations in other groups.
Tongan Mission.
The Directors of the London Missionary Society entered upon the work of Missions inii Polynesia with enlarged and noble views. From the beginning they designed to extend their operations to other groups besides
the Society Islands.  No sooner had the Missionaries become settled on Tahiti than the ship -)Du,sailed for the
Friendly or Tonga Islands.  Upon those were landed
ten MAissionaries, who came out firom England.  This
Mission was not successful.  In a few months three of
these Missionaries were murdlered, and the remainder 
117
were taken to Sydney, in 1800.  No subsequent attempts
were made to evangelize the Friendly Islanders until
the establishment of the Wesleyan Mfissionl in 1822.
The Rev. W. Lawry was the leader of this new enterprise, which was destined to be crowned  with success.
Othl-er M.issionaries followed in 1826, 1827, 1830, and so
on down to the present time.  The peculiarities of the
Wesleyan system  of Church organization has been introduced and found to be eminently successful.  King
George is now a local preacher, and has successfully
officiated as Chief Magistrate of that little kingdom,
and also as a laborer in promoting the Kingdom of God.
Hle has granted to his people a written Constitution, and
so far as reliable information can be obtained, the Friendly
Islanders have become a civilized and Christian people,
What I deem of special importance to observe in tracing the progress of civilization and Christianity among
that people is this, that it matters not whether Missionaries are Independents, Wesleyans or Episcopalians in
their views of Church government or ecclesiastical polity,
the Lord will crown their labors with success, if they are
faithful in their work of preaching and exemplifying the
GospeL
Warquesan Mission.
In the rapid sketch of Puritan Missions in the South
Seas, I shall next direct attention to the various efforts
which have been made to establish the institutions of
the Gospel on the MIarquesas Islands.  Strange as the
announcement of the fact may appear, the first rites of
Christianity were performed on this group long before
the Pilgrims landed on Plymiouth Rock, even as early as
the 25th of July, 1595. These Islands were discovered by Alvaro Mendana de Negra, and  named  MIarquesas in honor of the MIarquis of Canete, then Viceroy of Peru.  The Mass, or Catholic service, was performed on  shore, and just two  hiundred years from
that date the ship -D)   landed two English  Missionaries on those Islands.  Their names were John Harris and Williaml Crook. After  residing ltlon the
2* 
18
islands for one year, disheartened and discouraged, they
returned to Tahiti.  More than a quarter of a century
elapsed before another effort was made on behalf of the
MIarquesans. In 1825 Mr. Crook, accompanied by two
Tahitians, returned and renewed his efforts.  He discovered that a few natives had given up their idols, in
consequence of his former efforts, thus shiowing that
good seed had been sown.  Again discouraged, they returned to Tahiti.  The following year, 1826, the Mission
was again renewed, but only to be again abandoned in
the year 1820.
The work of Missions on the Marquesas Islands was
renewed in 1833, by the Rev. Messrs. Armst'rong, Alexander and Parker, with their wives, from  Honolulu as a
base of operations. Before a twelvemonthl had elapsed,
they returned from the field, to be succeeded by Missionaries from Tahiti, who prosecuted the work for several
years, and again abandoned the enterprise. In 1838
two Catholic Priests Ianded upon the islands, which led
to their occupation by the French for political and naval
purposes. An effort was made to make a penal settlement of them.  This scheme was soon abandoned, and(
the Catholic Missionaries alone remained, with a merely
nominal occupancy by French military authorities.
Thus matters were continued until the Hawaiian Missionary Society sent out a Mission from these islands, in
1853. The history of this successful enterprise is too
well known for me to enter upon the details. Our Society has not only sustained the originial Missionaries,
but sent out reinforcements.   The  MIarquesans have
been found to be the most savage and  untractable of
all the various members of the great Polynesian family.
One attempt after another has been made to evangelize
them, but hitherto all efforts have failed, until our Hawaiian Mlissionaries settled among them.   They have
held on with a firm grasp, determined not to give up until
the work shall be accomplished.  This is much to their
honor, and if no other good has been done, this point has
been established, that Hawaiian Missionariies are worthy
of all priaise for their persevering zeal, when both Eng 
19
lish and American Missionaries had given up.  A letter recently published, and written by one of those
Missionaries to President Lincoln, indicates that a Hawaiian Missionary, for mind, scholarship and piety, may
take rank among the best of those employed to preach the
Gospel among the heathen. (See Appendix A.)
It is a question of much interest and importance why
Marquesans should have been so unwilling to receive the
teachings of the missionaries, while other branches of
the Polynesian family have received them with open
arms. Perhaps I may be mistaken, but I think the almost utter anarchy in regard to civil and political government has been the principal reason. Human government is a divine institution, but among Marquesans there
appears to have been very little of what could be called
"law and order."  This leads me to remark, I think that
Missionaries and the friends of Missions do not sufficiently value the regular form of government which has
for so many years existed upon these islands. Wherever
the Government is unsettled, or anarchy prevails, it has in
all ages been found a difficult thing to plant the institutions
of the Gospel.  This is a point to which my attention was
first called while visiting Oregon, in 1849, and conversing
with a Missionary of the Board who had been laboring
among the North American Indians. He had experienced the sad effects of an absence of civil government
among the Indians, and his remark was that Missionaries
at the Sandwich Islands were peculiarly favored. The
Marquesans are divided into as many clans, or tribes, as
there are valleys in the group. They have, from time
immemorial, carried on warfare. They are never at
peace.  The following lines of Cowper are applicable to
the MIarquesans, as well as to the nations of Europe:
"Mountains interposed,
Make enemies of nations, which had else,
Like kindred drops, been mingled into one."
Samoan Mission.
In our general survey of Puritan Missions in the South
Seas, the Samoan or Navigator islands will next claim 
20
our attention.   Most intimately associated with this
group are the Islands of the Hlervey group, embracing
the Islands of Raratonga, Aitutake and Mangaia.  The
first publication of the Gospel on these beautiful and
populous islands will always be associated with that ardent, enterprising and adventurous Missionaray to whom
I have already alluded, the Rev. John Williams, the
Martyr of Erromanga.  " For my part," wrote Williams
to the Directors of the London Missionary Society, "I
cannot content myself with the narrow limits of a single
reef; and, if means are not afforded, a continent would
be infinitely preferable to me; for there, if you cannot
ride, you can walk; but to these isolated islands a ship
mnust carry you." Because there was no ship it his command, and no money to purchase one, he actually built
one with his own hands and the assistance of the natives.
It was called " The  tfiessefer of Peace."
Tis brave to see the gallant ship,
With snowy pinions, fly
Across the ocean, like a bird,
Beneath a pleasant sky;
Yet braver sight I deem it is,
And goodlier, when a ship,
With Mfercy's heralds, doth her wing
In yonder waters dip.
A burden bearing, richer far
Than gold or cunning gem;
Yea, wafting tidings of the star
That shines from Bethlehem."
She was from seventy to eighty tons burden. This
vessel proved to be an excellent sailor, and most serviceable in the Missionary cause.  The building of that
vessel, and its trips to the Navigator Islands, on voyages
of exploration,are most wonderful, and well entitle the projector of these enterprises to be accounted an originalgenius. One English writer has remarked that Defoe, the
writer of the adventures of Robinson Crusoe, "never
ascribed to the hero of his romance an achievement so
wonderful." The fact is something stranger than fiction.
It is now something more than a quarter of a century
since AMr. Williams published an account of his Mission 
21
ary voyages, under the title of "A  Narrative of Missionary Enterprises in the South Sea Islands." The details of Missionary labor contained in that volume read
more like a work of romancee than sober reality.  Subsequent events have proved that the originator of those
enterprises was no enthusiastic adventurer. Thousands
of British and American Christians perused the volume
with the deepest interest. I have not forgotten the
thrill of delight which I experienced while reading that
volume. The Church at large was now convinced that
the Angel having the everlasting Gospel to preach, was
iflly commissioned to extend his flight over all the islands of the South Seas, and those stanzas written by
an American poet to be sung at the embarkation of the
second band of Missionaries sailing for these islands
from New Haven, were now found to be animlated with
new life and inspiration:
"Wake isles of the South, your redemption is near,
No longer repose in the borders of gloom;
The strength of His chosen in love shall appear,
And light shall arise on the verge of the tomb.
The billows that girt ye, the wild waves that roar,
The zephyrs that play where the ocean-storms cease,
Shall bear the rich freight to your desolate shore,
Shall waft the glad tidings of pardon and peace."
Williams, having led the way, was soon followed by
as noble, laborious, patient and successful a company of
Missionaries as ever left the shores of Christian England
and landed upon the shores of heathendom. The names
of Buzacott, Pitlman, Royle, Mills, Turner, Geddie, and
many others, are associated with that of Williams in
prosecuting the work of Missions in the Hervey, Samoan,
New Hebrides, New Caledonia and other islands, stretching away to the westward. (See Appendix B.)
New Zealand and Feejeean Missions.*
Although I do not feel justified in  classing the  New
Zealand MiissioIns amonog Puritan Missions in the  South
* This portion of the discourse, relating to New Zealand, and
somo other paragraphs, were omitted in the delivery, for want of time. 
22
Seas, yet I can appreciate what has been done by those
differing from the Puritans in their ecclesiastical organization.  The Church Missionary Society commenced operations in New Zealand in 1814, and has there accomplished a noble work.  The devoted Missionaries of the
Society have labored with alternate successes and defeats.
The Wesleyan Missionaries came to their aid in 1819,
and also Missionaries under the auspices of the ancient
"Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts,"
have entered that field. The history of those Missions
abounds with incidents of thrilling interest. The steady
and persevering efforts and patronage of the Rev. Samuel
Marsden, an Episcopalian, and Chaplain at Sydney, presents one of the finest pictures of Missionary zeal anywhere to be found upon record. He stood by that Mission through evil as well as good report. Cannibalism
and idolatry have been the main obstacles in the way of
the preaching of the Gospel. The late Sydney Smith
presented the cannibal feature in a most striking, light.
When Bishop Selwyn was about to leave England for
his distant diocese, Sydney Smith thus addressed him:
"I hope, my Lord, you will keep a bountiful supply of
cold cooked infant on your sideboard, for all visitors,
and, if any of the natives should fancy to eat you, I can
only heartily hope you will disagree with them." The
good Bishop yet survives, but, if reports are to be cre4ited of the Maories returning to their cannibal practices,
it would be impossible to predict how long he may be
spared.  The humorous sarcasm of the witty Divine, indicated a condition of heathanism in New  Zealand and
the Feejee Islands, which those devoted Missionaries
have been called to encounter in all its hideous and loathsome features. 
From New Zealand, turn your eyes for a moment to
the achievements of the Wesleyan, or Puritan Missions,
in the Feejee Islands.  Contemplate Gospel triumphs in
that region of Polynesia. No Missionary hereafter need
be discouraged at the most appalling obstacles and difficulties that may be presented in any part of the heathen
world. Just thirty years ago, or in 1835, the Rev. 
23
3lessrs. Cross and Cargile landed among the unblushing
cannibals of the Feejee Islands. Human flesh was no
inconsiderable portion of the food of the debased Feejeeans. Foreigners of the very lowest class had introduced the vices of civilization; but even there the Savior has found followers. Schools have been established
and the Bible has been translated.  The Wesleyans have
happily aud successfully introduced the peculiar practices and forms of John Wesley's system, and these have
been found admirably suited to the elevation and amelioration of the debased Feejeeans. All honor to those
devoted laborers. (See Appendix C.)
Hawaiian Mission.
In my remarks upon Missionary operations in Polynesia,
I have dwelt exclusively upon the labors of the English
in what may strictly be denominated the South Seas. I
shall now invite your attention somewhat brieflv to the
labors of the American Puritan Missionaries in the North
Pacific. The Hawaiian Islands will, of course, first
claim our attention. In passing, I cannot refrain from
alluding to that harmony which has always existed between the Missionaries of the London Missionary Society
and those of the American Board. At a very early
stage of operations, there was a perfect understanding
that Islands south of the Line should belong to the
English Missionaries, while American Missionaries should
go to the North Pacific. As events have been developing, and the streams of emigration have flowed to the
Australian colonies via the Cape of Good Hope, and to
the Pacific coast via the Rocky Mountains and the Isthmus of Panama, it has become clearly apparent that an
overruling Providence guides the streams of emigration
and the progress of foreign Missions. The leading facts
relating to Missions at these islands are so familiar to
your minds, and have been so often published, that I
shall not be expected to dwell upon the details of Missionlary operations.  The work has not been done in a corner, but openly, and;_n view of fiiends and enemies. 
24
The system and principles adopted by the Puritan Missionaries have been severely criticised and examined.  In
reviewing the establishment of the Mission, it would be
quite impossible to keep out of view certain marked interpositions of Divine Providence. The visit of Obookiah and his companions to America, and their education
in the Mission School at Cornwall, Conn., form a most
beautiful introduction to a history of the American Mission to the Islands.  The abolition of idolatry and the
taba system are also incidents of marked significance.
Before the news of this unheard of and unexpected event
reached the United States, the first Missionary Company
had embarked from Boston. The way had been thereby
prepared for the introduction of the Christian religion
into these islands.  "The isles shall wait for His law."
Literally were the inhabitants of these isles waiting for
God's Law. Not to recognize in this wonderful work of
preparation an interposition of an unseen but Divine
hand, would savor of a denial of an overruling and Divine Providence. In contemplating this event in Hawaiian annals, how forcibly the following truthful, eloquent and philosophical remarks of Bancroft, the historian, forming the exordium of his late eulogy on the life of
President Lincoln, will be found to apply; "Sometimes,
like a messenger through the thick darkness of night,
Omnipotence steps along mysterious ways; but when
the hour strikes for a people or mankind to pass into a
new form of being, unseen hands draw the bolts from
the gates of futurity; an all subduing influence prepares
the minds of men for the conming revolution; those who
plan resistance find themselves in conflict with the will
of Providence rather than with human desires; and all
hearts and all understandings, most of all the opinions
and influence of the unwilling, are wonderfully attracted,
and compelled to bear forward the change, which becomes more and more an obedience to the law of universal nature than submission to the arbitraments of
man."
T7he hour had struck for the HIawaiian people to pass
into a new form of being.  Through the thick darkness 
25
of heathenish night, Divine Providence had been leading
this people to abolish their old system of worship.  Unseen hands drew back the bolts from the gates, and
threw wide open the doors for the pioneers of the American Puritan Mission to enter upon their work of evangelization. This event hlas thus been portrayed in poetic strains by the Rev. Robert Grant, a clergymanof the
Church of England, in his poem, " KAPIOLANL"
"God oped a wide and an effectual door,
For ere the messengers of peace unfurled
Love's banner, waving o'er a rebel world,
Moved by a mighty impulse from on high,
Bursting each social, each domestic tie, -
The Island King the ancient creed disowned,
Threw off the burden beneath which they groaned,
At one bold stroke; and, with a statesman's view,
Hie broke the fetters of the strict tabu,
Enforced by stern authority's high hand:
Thus idol-worship ceased throughout the land."
Enemies arose and opposers resisted the onward march
of the new order of events, but they have passed away.
A righteous judgemnent appears, in many instances, to
have overtaken the enemies of the Gospel in this land,
not unlike the fearful destruction which at a subsequent
date, awaited Boki and his band, to the numnber of five
hundred, who embarked at Honolulu, in December, 1829,
for an expedition to the South Seas. Only twenty of
the number ever returned.  The leader had placed himself in opposition to the advancement of the cause of
truth.  His career and that of his followers was marked
by "prodigality, intemperance and opposition," imperiling the very government as well as the Church. "At
length," remarks Dibble, the historian, " the God of nations, who had so signally interposed in other emergencies, displayed again His timely aid." In more than one
crisis have the Missionaries and friends of truth in this
nation had occasion to adopt the language of Ezra:
"The hand of the Lord was upon us, and he delivered us
out of the hand of the enemy, and of such as lay in wait
by the way." As I once took occasion to remark, on a
national fast-day, more than twenty years ago, so I will 
26
now repeat the remark: " Tfie more I become acquainted
with the history of the affairs of these islands, the sentiment becomes more strongly impressed upon my mind
that the Sandwich Islands is no field for wicked men and
the opposers of truth and righteousness to think of practicing their schemes before high Heaven, unless they are
willing to incur the awful risk of being pursued, even in
this life, with the retributive justice of God."
There have been many bright as well as dark providences in the history of this people during the last half
century.  The firiends of Foreign Missions in the United
States have been permitted to learn the good results of
this investment of a million of dollars to redeem IHawaiians from heathenism. Missionary labor has produced a goodly harvest. How striking the contrast between this and some other fields of Missionary efforts!
The great and successful African Missionary and Explorer, Dr. Livingstone, recently has put forth the statement
that forty foreign Missionaries going to Africa, died of
disease and the climate before a single convert to Christianity came forward to cheer the hearts of God's Missionary servants.  Not thus has the great Head of the
Church compelled the American Missionary to toil on
in faith. Those who have sown the seed have been permittedl to gather in the harvest. The sower and the
reaper are combined in one.  I rejoice in being permitted to see present on this occasion a representation of
the first Missionary band landing on Hawaiian shores,
in 1820.  Long may our venerable associates be spared
to make their annual appearance at our Missionary and
festive gatherings. Their presence is ever welcome and
cheering. They form golden links in that historic chain
connecting the present with the past.*
Whatever may await Hawaiians in the future, the past
is secure.  A record has been made.  Were Missionaries
on these islands to erect a monument commemorative of
the past, no more appropriate inscription could be found
to chisel upon that monument than the one furnished by
* Referring to the Rev. Asa Thurston and wife, and Mrs. Whitney.
[The first, a true sower and reaper, strong, gentle, hopeful, patient,
taking his sheaves, with joy, has entered his rest.-An. ED.] 
the prophet Samuel three thousand years ago: " Hitherto
hath the Lord helped us."
In estimating the good which has been accomplished
at these islands, no candid and impartial observer can
overlook or undervalue the strong conservative influence
of American Missionaries in upholding and perpetuating the independent sovereignty of the Hawaiian Kingdom.  Individually and collectively, their influence has
been upon the side of good order and the Kamehamhadynasty. Glance your eye over a map of Polynesia, and
where, I would ask, has the kingly authority been more
happily sustained? When troubles have arisen, and
ships of war threatened, the American Missionary's influence and pen have been found in defense of the native Government.  Look at Tahiti; look at New Caledonia; look at New Zealand. I do not undervalue the
skillful laboirs of the diplomatist, or the incessant toils of
the civil magistrate, or the invaluable efforts of our
Judges; neither will I knowingly undervalue or slightly
pass over the prayers and toils of those who have spent
their lives to perpetuate the Hawaiian race and kingdom.  Republican as the Missionaries may have been
in their origin and sympathies, yet they have proved the
very staunchest supporters of a monarchical form of
government in these islands.  Yet the Bishop of Oxford
describes these men as "rather more severe, sour and
vinegar-like" than even their fathers, " the stern old
Puritans of New Erngland."'
Micronesian Mission.
In order to complete the sketch of Missionary operations in.Polynesia, I will briefly call your attention to the
efforts which have been made to evangelize the islands
of Micronesia.  A  Mission thither was undertaken in
1852, and has been prosecuted to the present time.
Many hindrances and obstacles have retarded the work.
The islands are remote fromi- each other.  The  ilhabitants speak different languages or dialects.  The  influence of foreigners haas been most pernicious. Sweeping
27 
28
epidemics have more than decimated the people. It has
been difficult to hold regular communication with the
Missionaries and forward supplies. Notwithstanding all
these hindrances, and more which might be enumerated,
American and Hawaiian laborers diligently prosecuted
the work. They have reduced four languages to written
forms, established schools, organized Churches, and performed a vast amount of Missionary work. Having been
permitted to visit those islands and witness what a few
laborers have performed, I can bear my humble testimony
to the good which has been accomplished. The Puritan
Missionary has been a great worker. He has gone down
among the people, and labored to bring them up to a
higher standard of civilization, and introduce among
them the principles of the Gospel. Nit few Missions
in any part of the world can boast of more cheering results. The mariner in those seas owes an everlasting
debt of gratitude to those Missionaries.  It was the
presence of the Missionary, beyond all doubt, that put
an end to that series of bloody massacres which have
been perpetrated at the Marshall Islands, thus affording
a good foundation for a remark of the Rev. Dr. Kirk, in
his sermon at the last meeting of the American Board:
"The Missionaries have become the guardian angels of
seamen in the Pacific. Formerly the natives were pirates and murderers.  It was dangerous to sail among
them. Now that is all changed wherever a Missionary
has been laboring." Theinhabitants of some of those
islands were living the most debased lives, rendered
doubly so by the vicious example of depraved foreigne%s,
from Sydney and elsewhere, yet from among those very
inhabitants God is gathering a people to himself. The
wonderful work on the Marshall Islands, Strong's Islandcl
and Ascension, I regard as particularly noteworthy.
Light is breaking on the Gilbert Islands. All honor to
the few noble men and women, American and Hawaiian,
who have commenced and carried forward this good
work.  They have not entered into any other man's field
of labor. They are worthy of all praise, and are entitled to a most generous sympathy and support, 
29
Remarks on the Character and Ecclesiastical Polity of the
Puritan Missionaries, as Developed in the Pacific.
Having presented a sketch of Puritan Missionary operations in the South and North Pacific, by English and
American MAissionaries, it appears that I have merely
performed what Montgomery executed in a much briefer
style:
" The immense Pacific smiles
Round ten thousand little isles,
Hiaunts of violence and wiles."
But the powers of darkness yield,
For the Cross is in the field,
And the light of life revealed."
Passing to my concluding remarks, I would observe
that the following appear to be the prominent features of
these MIissions; Preaching, Bible-traslation, establish et of Sc,ools, oryanization of Chturches, and care of
the general weLfare of the people, including their civil,
socia(l and physical condition.
The plain preaching of the Gospel and scriptural exposition of Bible truths claim the'first place in the programme of the Puritan Missionary. In order that this
work may be successfully accomplished, he resolutely
sits down to the study of the language and the translation of the Bible, or parts of it, into the vernacular of
the people among whom he has undertaken to labor.
As soon as he feels confident that he has sufficiently mastered the language to communicate with the people, he
commences preaching without an interpreter; I not timidly, but boldly; not faintheartedly, but fearlessly, as
did Paul on Mars' Hill, when announcing the great truths
of the resurrection of the body, the unity of the human
race, and salvation through Christ; or as did Martin
Luther, of whom it has been eloquently remarked by Edward Everett, that he " moved to his work, not
I To the Dorian mood
Of flutes and soft recorders,'
*An interpreter is often indispensable at first, as with Brainerd and
our preachers.  I used such aid two years, beginning with Isa. 42:4.AM. P,.
3* 
But grasped the iron trumpet of his mother tongue
and blew a blast that shook the nations from Rome to
the Orkleys.  Sovereign, citizen and peasant started at
the sound." Thus went forth the Puritan Missionary,
preaching among Polynesians. Having acquired a famtlliar and idiomatic acquaintance with the vernacular language of the people-their mother tongue-he dispensed
with interpreters, and blew the Gospel trumpet, which
gave forth so clear and certain a sound that kings, chiefs
and common people were aroused from their idolatrous
slumber of centuries, and directed to the Lamb of God,
who taketh away the sin of the world.
As soon as a few were discovered who professed to have
accepted of the offer of salvation, and become converts
from heathenism to Christianity, a Church was organized,
baptism and the Lord's Supper administered. Thus the
work of Christian evangelization went rapidly forward
when it had been once commenced. There were hindrances and obstacles, but the work advanced. Throughout
all parts of Polynesia to which I have referred, Puritan
Missionaries have established Christian Churches.  They
have not aimed to build up a great hierarchy and introduce a cumbersome and burdensome ecclesiastical system,
but, following the example of the Apostles, adapted themselves to the peculiar circumstances of their situation.
Taking even the nineteenth Article of the thirty-nine
Articles of the Church of England as the proper definition
of what constitutes a Christian Church, I maintain that
English and American Puritan Missionaries have established hundreds of genuine Churches. "The visible Church
of Christ is a congregation of faithful men, in which the
pure Word of God is preached, and the Sacraments be
duly administered according to Christ's ordinance, in all
those things that of necessity are requisite to the same."
Even before Churches had been organized, the Missionaries had established Schools, set the printing-press in
motion, and otherwise labored to promote the temporal
and spiritual welfare of the people.  The Puritan Missionary goes forth, accompanied by his educated and faithful
30 
31
helpmeet, and enideavors to exhibit before the heathen
community a well-ordered Christian family.  In forming
a proper estimate of the good accomplished by the Missionaries in the Pacific, no language which I can command
would fully embody my appreciation of that important
part which woman-educated and refined-has performed.
Reports from the South Sea tell of noble Christian
women who have toiled at Tahiti, Samoa, and elsewhere,
but I do not depend upon flying reports when I speak of
Christian woman's work on the Hawaiian Islands and in
Micronesia. Let no one presume to assert that unmarried
MIissionaries, male and female, could possibly have accomplished for good what may now be witnessed.   She that
was "last at the Cross and first at the Sepulchre "has
made the voyage of eighteen thousand miles around the
Cape, and here, if she has not established Churches, she
has established many Christian Homes. This work I regard as only second in importance to the establishment
of Churches. Thus Christian principles have been exemplified before the heathen.   It is no mockery to sing
"Home, Sweet Home," in the Pacific. We have our
homes, centers of refinement, culture, happiness, intelligence, which are presided over by woman, officiating in all
those offices recognized as her sphere of duty.
There have always, I am sorryto know, been some who
have openly and persistently endeavored to misrepresent
or ignore the good which has been accomplished by the
Protestant Missionaries in the Pacific.   Recently the
most extravagant charges have been put forth and reiterated. It has been published in England, that the Puritans at these Islands had " done more harm than good."
"The people were wholly neglected when sick,'* and
"This nation is as really heathen as it ever was, only with
a thin film of Christianity over it;"t while the Bishop of
Oxford is reported in the London Times to have employed
the following language at a public meeting at Salisbury:
"The people of the Hawaiian Islands are wearied out by
* The Mission Field, Vol. IX, p. 13: London.
f Occasional Tracts; London; No. 2. 
32
the mismanagement and maltreatment of American Puritanism." Before any one allows himself to employ such
language in the pulpit or from the press, he should make
a careful investigation and thorough examination.   The
Puritan Missionary is prepared to meet such charges and
prove their falsity.   When fresh laborers enter upon an
enterprise that is supposed to be unfinished, they are accustomed to undervalue what has already been performed.
To such persons the language of a King of Israel maybe
appropriately addressed: "Let not him that girdeth on
the harness boast as he that putteth it off."
There is a marked contrast between Hawaiians in 1820
and 1866. It is a very different matter to land and live
among naked, ignorant, uncivilized savages, from coming
to a people clothed, instructed and civilized; supplied
with schools, books, newspapers, churches and many
other of the accompaniments of civilized and Christian
people.   Macauley remarks that, in the 17th century,
those had little reason to laugh who met the Puritan in
the hall of debate or field of battle, and may I not with
eqnal justice add, neither have those who meet the Puritan Missionary on the Mission-field of Polynesia.
I do not appear as an apologist for the errors or shortcomings of the Missionaries, but I will bear my testimony
to the truth, and carefully guard the interests of evangelical Missions here and elsewhere.   Although not one of
them, I am emphatically one with them.   I would have
those know, who set themselves in oppostion to a cause
so signally blessed of Heaven, that they will be held responsible for their false aspersions and unfounded misrepresentations before an enlightened Christian public.
True laborers have been called to encounter opposition
from a class of persons whom no exposure could shame or
argument reach.   I refer to a class of foreigners whose
habits rendered them even more debased than the heathen.
A civilized heathen from Christian lands is the most deadly
opponent of the truth, and his influence the most pernicious. When an English Missionary in the South Seas met
a person of this class, he inquired his name, and received
for answer, "W My name is Satan."   By no other name 
would the man ever be known. Alas, the name was fitly
chosen. He was an adversary, and represented a class.
When the Puritan Missionary came to the Pacific, he
entered no other man's field of labor, any more than did
his ancestors, the Pilgrims, when they landed on Plymouth Rock, or the Puritans in Massachusetts Bay, but
boldly faced the powers of darkness whose sway was supreme throughout this part of the world.   He grappled
with heathenism in her stronghold. He bearded the lion
in his den.   The contest was fierce, but the issue not
doubtful.   Bible truth was the Missionary's principal
weapon.  He dealt many fierce blows with "the sword of
the spirit, which is the word of God." Perhaps Missionaries of a less stern faith would have quailed before the
enemy and succumbed to the array of opposing influences.
Ere long, however, the worshippers of idols yielded the
contest.   The idols —those hideous images-" grinn'd
horibly a ghastly smile" and surrendered; a ship-load was
sent off to England and they are now on exhibition in the
British Museum.
It has been happily remarked, that if Lord Bacon were
again to visit our world, and witness the wonderful results
achieved by the steam-engine and magnetic telegraph, he
would lay his hands upon both these machines, saying,
"These are mine, for they are the results of my principles
of philosophy." Would not the Mission Churches of
Polynesia be as justly claimed by those old Puritans of
the 17th century who sent an Elliot, the Mayhews and
others among the North American Indians, or collected at
the call of the Protector Cromwell, ~38,241  10l. 6s. for
the persecuted Waldenses, the interest on a part of which
is now honorably paid by the British Government to that
interesting people? I go one step farther. Suppose the
great Missionary Apostles, Peter and Paul, were again to
visit our world, and during their voyages and travels,
should sail in the Joh)  Villiacms, the John JVesley and
the Johns Knox, among the Christianized Polynesians
of the South Seas, or in the Jforning Star among  the
Hawaiian and Micronesian Islands, would not those Apostles recognize Churches established by Puritan Mission
33 
34
aries as genuine Christian Churches, in which the ordinances were duly administered?  Furthermore, wouid not
these Apostles recognize the Pastors, Elders or Bishops
of these Churches as their successors?   I trow they
woald.*  "Divest the Apostles," as was most forcibly
stated at the Conference of Missions at Liverpool, in 1860,
"of miraculous power and the gift of inspiration, and you
have the modern Missionary, a true successor of the
Apostles."   Among modern Missionaries, results have
fully demonstrated that the Missionary of the true Puritan stamp has as fair a claim to be accounted a successor
of Peter and Paul as any who have left Christian Europe
or America.  He goes forth free and untrammeled.  He
takes with him no Procrustean ecclesiastical organization,
but with the Bible in hand, he proclaims "the unsearchable riches of Christ," and organizes Churches. Puritan
Missionaries have spread themselves. throughout nearly
all the Islands of Polynesia.   Not more firmly did the
Puritan of the 17th century plant his foot upon the rockbound shores and granite hills of New England than has
the Puritan Missionary of the 19th century planted his
foot upon the reef:encircled islands of the Pacific. Here,
among the aborigines, he has made his home.   The
destiny of these two branches of the human family have
become closely indentified.   The graves of the Puritan
and Polynesian will be side by side. It is not possible to
conceive of any social, political or religious revolution
which can separate them.  You might as well attempt to
uproot the one as the other. The seed has taken root in
the soil, and can no more easily be uprooted than the
stately cocoanut tree, whose tall and slender trunk sways
so gracefully in the windy blast.   The influence of the
* The author of this discourse is gratified to learn that his views, as
expressed in the foregoing paragraphs, are fully sustained by the conductors or editors of the London Record, the organ of the evangelical
party of the church of Englaand.  From a notice of Mr. Ellis's pamphlet,
published in that paper, on the 25th of April, 1866, we copy as follows:
It has been shown by us that the Church of England has ever
recognized the various Reformed Churches as being the true Churches
of Chlrist, and worthy compeers with herself in the great work of
evangelizing the world." 
35
Puritan is not only now felt, but it must continue to be
felt for ages to come, or so long as there shall be dwellers
upon these fair islands. Not only is the Puritan brought
into contact with the aborigines, but he is called to breast
a wave of immigration from China. Asiatic laborers will
overspread these Islands and other parts of Polynesia.
The Puritan and Asiatic will be brought together. Here
they meet.   But I cannot dwell on this interesting and
important subject. Not only has the Puritan Missionary
become a power in this part of the world, but his influence is felt in Turkey, Africa, India, China, and other
portions of the globe.
The elements contributing to form the character of the
Puritan Missionary are aggressive and expansive in their
nature. They are essentially the principles of the New
Testament. Their birth, as one has remarked, was in
Bethlehem of Judea, and the development is religion laboring for the people. Necessity rests upon the Puritan
to take a part on the world's field of action. He adopts
the sentiment of the old Latin Poet, Terence: "I am a
man, and whatever concerns humanity concerns myself;"
and also that of the old Latin Father, Augustine: "In
essentials unity, in non-essentials liberty, in all things
charity."   He may not believe in manifest destiny, but
he does believe in manifest duty, declaring, with the modern Missionary Cary, "Duty is ours, consequences belong
to God."   In the performance of that duty he is thoroughly in earnest. According to an ancient fab]e, it was
possible for King ZEolus to confine the winds in a cave of
the mountains, but the principles of the Puritan cannot
be so readily confined to a narrow space. With him, as
with his Divine Mlaster, "the field is the world."   New
England cannot be shut out in the cold, or Plymouth
Rock be blown up.  New England principles are rapidly
permeating all portions of the North American continent,
and controlling the destiny of the WVestern world. The
recent struggle in America has made this fact more and
more manifest.
"There is a power at the secluded hearth
Of yon New England househould, that may be
Felt by the dwellers at the ends of earth,,
Known to the islands of the distant sea." 
36
There is an "irrepressible conflict" among the nations,
and the New England Puritan will be found on the side
of civil and religious liberty, free speech, free schools, a
free press, a free Gospel and foreign Missions among the
heathen and unevangelized nations of the earth.
"Coming events east their shadows before."
Men of narrow minds and bigoted opinions may ignore
this class of agents. Writers, of prejudiced views and a
limited range of ideas, may misrepresent their principles
and conduct, but the future historian, following the example of MIacauley, will assign them in history a position
even more exalted than that distinguished writer gave
the Puritans of the 17th century, respecting whom he
wrote that they were, perhaps, "the most remarkable
body of men which the world has ever produced-a brave,
a wise, an honest and a useful body." Listen to the language of the Earl of Shaftesbury, before a London audience, respecting American Puritan Missionaries at Constantinople: "He did not believe that in the whole history of Missions-he did not believe that in the history of diplomacy, or in any of the negotiations carried on between man and man, they would find anything
to equal the wisdom, the soundness, and the pure evangelical truth of that body of men who constituted the
American Puritan Missions. There they stood, tested by
years, tried by their works, and exemplified by their fruits;
and he believed it would be found that those American
Missionaries had done more towards upholding the truth
and spreading the Gospel in the East than any body of
men in this or any other age." I might quote similar
testimony from British officials in high stations in India,
respecting the character and labors of American Missionaries in Ceylon and other parts of India.
Puritan Missionaries, scattered throughout Polynesia,
have displayed similar wisdom and foresight, common
sense and sound piety. These characteristics are remarkably conspicuous, as I maintain, in the organization and
management of their Churches. If we take the Book of
Acts and the Epistles of Paul, Peter, James and John, or
the New Testament as a whole, for our guide, I do main 
tain that the Churches organized by Puritan Missionaries
in Polynesia will favorably compare with the primitive
Churches gathered by the Apostles in various parts of
the Roman Empire, during the first century of the Christian era. In many respects there is a most striking resemblance between the Churches organized by the Apostles and those which now exist in various parts of Polynesia.   The more closely the examination is made and
comparison drawn, the more manifest the parallel will
appear.  The very language employed by Mosheim and
other ecclesiastical historians, respecting the Churches of
the first century, would aptly describe the organization
of Mission-Puritan Churches in Polynesia.   All those
great ecclesiastical establishments and "Church and
State" arrangements centering at Antioch, Constantinople, Rome and elsewhere were an after-growth-aye,
and may I not add, a fungus-growth - when the churches
became corrupt.   The Mission-Churches of Polynesia, I
maintain, have been modeled after a New Testament and
Apostolic pattern, and the English and American Puritan
Missionaries, I furthermore maintain, have most fully
carried out the spirit of the last command of an ascending
Savior, "Go ye therefore anid teach all nations, baptizing
them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of
the Holy Ghost."
They have sown the Gospel seed and much good has
been produced. Some of the fruit may have fallen unripe
and immature; still, after making a full allowance for all
t h e    defections in t he Mission Churches, and permitting
the bitterest enemies of the Missionary enterprise to set
off a broad margin, there remains much scattered over
the numerous islands of Polynesia which we should still
cherish, of which we may be justly proud, and from which
w      e       should b e  extremely unwilling to take a farewell. Who
woul        d say, "Level the Church-edifices which the p)eople
have built for the worship of Jehovah, and raze their
foundations;" or who would silence the chime of many
hundred        s  of church going bells, the sound of which breaks
t h e Sabbath-     morning    stillness on so many islands, inhabited by Tahitians, Samoans, Marquesans, Tongans, Fee
4
i  
jeans, Hawaiians and Micronesians; or, who would forbid
those thousands of simple-hearted Christians singing the
Song,s of Zion in concert with their fellow-Christians of
other climes and other lands; or disband these Churches,
and turn over their members once more to idolatry; or
scatter the week-day and Sunday Schools, or burn the
school-books, hymn-books and Bibles? Or who would rebuild the olcd morctis or heiatus, rekindle fires upon their
altars, call forth the human victims for sacrifice, make
the hills and valleys ring with the shouts of midnight
revelers around the burning pile? Or who would summon from Heaven those who have died in the faith of
Jesus, and are now striking their golden harps and raising their voices to the song of "Him that loved us and
washed us from our sins in His own blood?" Or who can
for one moment doubt that the Revelator, John, saw in
vision a goodly coinpany of redeemed Polynesians among
that "great multitude which no man could number, of all
nations and kindreds and people and tongues [who] stood
before the Throne and before the Lamb, clothed with white
robes, and palms in their hands, and cried with a loud
voice, saying, Salvation to our God, which sitteth upon
the Throne and unto the Lamb"?
N. B.  What our author says on page 16, as to not sending laymen to
the missionary field, may be too true. I suppose the Lord of missions
sent out of Jerusalem more than a thousand laymen to make known his
life and love, his doctrine and death, while the Apostles stood their
ground there in opposition to the Sanhedrim.  Paul took his secular
business with him. It is lawful, often needful. The first mission to the
Sandwich Islands had two preachers and eight laymen, including three
natives and the wives of the Americans; and large numbers of laymen
and women followed them in different reenfor.cements, most of whom
were very useful.  Some were subsequently ordained, others were
teachers or lay preachers, secular agents, &c., contributing largely to
the comfort and distinguished success of the mission.
Great numbers of laborers are demanded for the foreign field. If better salaries, better society, and easier work, or prospects of usefulness
here, keep the mass of ordained preachers at home, then laymnen and
women in great numbers must go up to the foreign work, the nature of
which is admirably adapted to promote growth in fitness for it. What
possible objection to laymen being assistant missionaries, doctors,
printers, binders, readers, colporteurs and teachers? That civilization
and evangelization should go hand in hand, as in the Tahitian and Hawaiian missions, is doubtless the true method for permanent success
among barbarians; and even among the semi-civilized nations they are
needed and successful.-AM. ED.
13 8 
APPENDIX.
A.
A Hawaiian Missionary's Letter to President Lincoln.
To the -Editor of the Boston  Chgristian Register:
In 1853, Matanui, a Chief of the Marquesas or Nuuhiva
Islands, came to the Sandwich Islands to beg that Missionaries might be sent to his native group.   He  had
heard of the benefits which the Sandwich Islands had derived from the introduction of civilization and Christianity, (which to his mind appear to have been synonymous,)
and he wished that he and his people might partake of
them.   Such a call could not be disregarded; those of
us who were the most skeptical as to the wisdom of Foreign Missions generally, were ready to say God-speed to
the little band that went out in answer to that call. They
consisted of one white layman, unmarried, and two Hawaiian ministers, who took their wives with them.
These native Missionaries have remained at their post
until now. Two years ago one of them was instrumental
in saving the life of an Amnerican-the mate of a whaleship. Our Government sent to him some gifts in acknowledgment of the service.   The following letter, written
by this Missionary-Rev. James Kekela-on the receipt
of those gifts, was received at Washington too late to
meet the eye of the good President to whom it was addressed.   I am sure its simple utterances would have
delighted and touched that warm, loving heart. I have
re-translated it.  The translation which was received at
the State Department, and which was made in Honolulu,
is more elegant than this, but has sacrificed the native
idiom, and in some cases, the very spirit of the original,
to smoothness of expression.
I commend the letter to your readers. My translation
fails of doing fill justice to the original, yet I much mistake if they will not see in its expressions of faith and
love, a beauty and power that could flow only from a life 
40
of entire consecration to God's service. This poor Sandwich Islander, whose grand-parents were just such dark,
benighted heathens as he is now laboring for, comes nearer
in his spirit to the Apostolic writers than many of our
most learned Divines and Commentators.
How admirably does this man's child-like story of his
own life, and of his love to God and to his neighbor, refute those unworthy aspersions upon the labors and success of the American Missionaries at the Sandwich Islands,
which we have so often heard.   These aspersions have
not been so often repeated here of late as they were formerly, but in England we find them uttered in various
forms by the Bishop of Oxford and others, who have been
striving to build up a rival Mission at these Islands, some
of them moved, undoubtedly, by their zeal for their
Church, others, as undoubtedly, moved by a desire to advance the political interests of Great Britain at the Islands
at the expense of those of the United States, with a view
to their ultimate occupation as a British naval station.
Who shall dare to deny that this man is in the true Apostolic succession?   Who in this age better than he, represents the "Apostle to the Gentiles?    E. P. BOND.
HIVAOA, March 27, 1865.
To A. Lincoln, President of the United States of America:
Greetings to you, great and good friend!
My mind is stirred up to address you in friendship by
the receipt of your communication through your Minister
resident in Honolulu, James McBride.
I greatly respect you for holding converse with such
humble ones. Such you well know us to be.
I am a native of the Hawaiian Islands from Waialua,
Oahu, born in 1824, and at twelve years of age attended the
school at Waialua, of Rev. Mr Emerson; and was instructed in reading, writing, and mental arithmetic and
geography.
In 1838 I was entered at the High School of Lahainaluna, and was under the instruction of Messrs. L. Andrews, E. W. Clark, S. Dibble and Alexander. Not being in advance of others, I remained in the school some 
41
years) anid in 1843 I graduated, and was then invited
and desired by the teachers  to continue my studies
in other branches; that is, to join a class in theology under
the Rev. S. Dibble. Hle died in 1845, and I and others
continued the study of the Scriptures under W. P. Alexander. In 1847 I graduated, having been at Lahainaluna
nine years. In that year, 1847, I married a girl from my
native place, who had for seven years attended a female
seminary at Wailuku, under the instruction of J. S. Green,
E. Bailey and Miss Ogden.
In the same year, 1847, I and my wife were called to
Kahuku, a remote place in Koolau, on Oahu, to instruct
the people therein the Scriptures and other words of wisdom. I remained in this work for some years. It was
clear to my wife and myself that our lives were not our
own, but belonged to the Lord, and therefore we covenanted with one another that we would be the Lord's,
" His only, His forever." And from that time forth we
yielded ourselves servants unto the Lord. In 1852 certain
American Missionaries-Dr. Gulick and others were sent
out on their way to Micronesia.  I was one of their company, and after seven months absence, I returned with E.
W. Clarke. On my return, I was employed in arousing
the Hawaiians to the work of Foreign MAissions.
In 1823 there came to our islands a Macedonian cry for
Missionaries to Nuuhiva, brought by Matunui, a Chief of
Fatuhiva.
The Missionaries speedily laid hold of me to go to this
group of islands. I did not assent immediately. I stopped
to consider carefully, with much prayer to God to make
clear to me that this call was from God, and I took counsel with my wife. It was evident to us that this was a
call from God, therefore we consented to come to these
dark, benighted and cannibal islands.
I had aged parents, and my wife beloved relatives,
and we had a little girl three vears old. We left them
in our native land. We came away to seek the salvation
of the souls of this people, because our hearts were full
of the Love of God.  This was the only ground of our
coming hither, away from our native land.
4* 
42
In the year 1853 we came to these cannibal islaids,
and we dwelt first for four years at Fatuthiva, and in
1-857 we removed to Hivaoa, another island, to do the
work of the Lord Jesus; and from that time until now
we have striven to do the work of Jesus Christ, without
regard for wealth or worldly pleasure. We came for the
Lord, to seek the salvation of men, and this is our only
motive for remaining in this dark land.
When I saw your countryman, a citizen of this great
nation, illtreated, and about to be baked, and eaten, as a
pig is eaten, I ran to save him, full of pity and grief at
the evil deed of these benighted people.  I gave my
boat for the stranger's life. This boat came from James
Hunnewell, a gift of friendship. It became the ransom
of this countryman of yours, that he might not be eaten
by the savages who knew not Jehovah.  This was Mr.
Whalon, and the date January 14, 1864.
As to this friendly deed of mine in saving Mr. Whalon,
its seed came from your great land, and was brought by
certain of your countrymen, who had received the love
of God. It was planted in Hawaii, and I brought it to
plant in this land and in these dark regions, that they
might receive the root of all that which is good and true,
which is love-1. Love to Jehovah. 2. Love to self.
3. Love to our neighbor.
If a man have a sufficiency of these three, he is good
and holy, like God, Jehovah, in his triune character,
(Father, Son and Holy Ghost,) one-three, three-one. If
he have two and wants one, it is not well; and if he
have one and wants two, this indeed, is not well; but if
he cherishes all three, then he is holy, indeed, after the
manner of the Bible.
This is a great thing for your great nation to boast of
before all the nations of the earth.  From your great
land a most precious seed was brought to the land of
darkness. It was planted here, not by means of guns,
andmen-of-war, and threatenings.  It was planted by
means of the ignorant, the neglected, the despised.
Such was the introduction of the word of the Almighty
God into this group of Nuuhiva. Great is my debt to 
Americans, who have taughlt me all things pertaining to
this life, and to that which is to come.
How shall I repay your great kindness to me? Thus
David asked of Jehovah, and thus I ask of you, the
President of the United States. This is my only payment
-that which I have received of the Lord-love, (alohal.)
I and my wife, Naomi, have five children, the first
with Miss Ogden, the second with Rev. J. S. Emerson;
we now send the third to live with Rev. L. H. Gulick;
the fourth is with Kauwealoha, my fellow-Missionary,
and the fifth is with us at present. Another stranger is
soon expected. There is heaviness in thus having to scatter the children where they can be well taken care of.
We have received your gifts of friendship according
to your instructions to your Minister, James McBride.
Ah! I greatly honor your interest in this countryman of
yours. It is, indeed, in keeping with all I have known
of your acts as President of the United States.
A clear witness this in all lands of your love for those
whose deeds are love, as saith the Scripture,  "Thou
shalt love Jehovah, and shalt love thy neighbor as thyself."
And so may the love of the Lord Jesus abound with
you until the end of this terrible war in your land.
Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States,
I am                     Your obedient servant,
On the day but one following the delivery of this discourse, the author received a letter from J. C. Williams,
Esq., H. B. M. Consul at Apia, Upolu, Samoa, who is
the only son of the late Missionary, Rev. John Williams,
Martyr of Erromanga.  Under date of March 5, 1866,
he thus writes: "The natives have the Bible in their
hands, which they can read and understand, and with
this weapon they are well armed." * * * "The natives of Ellice's group are in an interesting state-waiting, longing for teachers. In their anxiety to have the
"lotu" religion, a Chief gave about fifty gallons of
cocoanut-oil for an English Bible, which an English cap
4'(')
[Signed]
JR. 
44
tain had the wickedness to charge that for 1 Honor be
to another English Captain, who urged the chiefs to burn
their idols and the house of their gods.  These people
are ready for the Gospel." Another letter was received
from the Rev. A. W. Murray, author of a very important work, "Missions in Western Polynesia,"' (a copy of
which accompanied the letter,) who has been at the Samoan Islands over a quarter of a century.  MIr. MIurray,
under date of March 2, 1866, thus writes: "' One cannot
help feeling something like regret that your Xornning
Star is no longer to be employed in the high and holy
work, for which she was built, and which she has done so
well for so many years. The consolation is that she is
to have a successor, which we trust will take up the
work where she laid it down, and carry it forward, till
few if any of the isles shall remain on which the Son of
Righteousness has not risen. If the work advances for
the next twenty years at the same rate of progress as it
has done during the past, that consummation will not be
far from being realized. W'hen we began our labors
here, in 1836, all beyond us to the West, and all to the
North except your group, was enshrouded in heathenish
darkness.  A glance at the work which was  published
some time since, a copy of which I beg your acceptance
of, will show what hasbeen done in the way of extension, in connection with this Mission, and will also give
you a glimpse of the opening prospects in the respective
neighborhoods of the islands and groups of which it
treats. Each of the off-shoots of this Mission is, in its
turn, becoming a centre of influence, a radiating point,
whence the light is spreading far and wide. And now
that our westward Missions are off our hands, we  are
turning our attention to the northwest, and intend, God
helping us, to press forward in that direction till we reach
the boundary which your Miissionaries have fixed as the
limit of their operations southward. A very hopeflil
commencement was made, in the months of May an d
June of last year, among the range of low coral islands
known by the name of Ellice's group, Mitchell's group,
&c., &c. I visited five of these and placed teachers on 
45
three of them, and we have since sent teachers to the
other two. I found these islanders in a deeply interesting state.   They had long abandoned idolatry, and
were literally waiting for the law of the Lord.   I
cannot give you particulars. One deeply interesting
thing to us, connected with the islands referred to, is that
the whole, eight in number, with a single exception, are
peopled by the descendants of Samoans, who had been
drifted thither many years, I suppose centuries, ago.
Hence our books are available and our teachers are at
home.  The islands are small, as is also the population.
The whole range, I suppose, does not number over 2,500,
or, at most, 3,000, but they have a relative importance
which is not small, especially with Nui, which has been
peopled from the King's AIill group."
C.
Missionaries of the London Missionary Society in the South Seas.
[From the Annual Report of 1864.]
SOCIETY ISLANDS.
TAIIITI-Rev. Geo. Morris, Papeete. HUAHINE-Rev. Charles Barff.
RAIATEA-Rev. Geo. Platt, Rev. J.C.Vivian.  TAHAA-Rev. J. L.Green.
HERVEY ISLANDS.
RAROTONGxA-Rev. E. R. W. Krause.  MANGAIA-Rev. W. Wyatt
Gill. AITUTAKI-No report.
SAMOAN ISDANDS.
SAVAII-Rev. Geo. Pratt, P. G. Bird, Joseph King.  UPOLU-Rev.
A. W. Murray, Rev. Geo. Drummond, Rev. Geo. Turner, LL.D., Rev.
H. Nisbet. Superintendents of Mission Seminary at Malua; Rev. H.
Gee, Rev. J. M. Mills. TUTUILA-Rev. T. Powell, Rev. S. J. Whitmee.
LOYALTY ISLANDS.
NENGONE (or Mare)-Rev. S. M. Creagh, Rev. John Jones. LIFURev. Sam'l Macfarlane. Rev. Jas. Sleigh.  NIUE-Rev. G. W. Lawes.
N. B.  We regret that no recent reports of the Wesleyan Missionary
Society and the Church Missionary Society have been received, so that
we could publish a full list of English Missionaries now laboring at the
Tonga and Feejee Islands and at New Zealand. We also regret that,
from no publications or reports at our command, can we present a satisfactory sketch of the important labors of the Presbyterian Missiona.
rios from New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, now located in Melanisia. 
SUPPLEMENT.
Since this sketch was prepared, I have the pleasure, with other things,
to subjoin the beautiful fact, that 150,000 Sabbath School Children
furnished a fund of $25,000 to give the gem of a little Missionary
Ship, "The Morning Star," No. 2, for the benefit of the Pacific-Island World, especially where for ages no Christian Sabbath dawned till re cently, thus happily cooperating with the American Board and its
half million contributors, the Hawaiian Board and a score of thousand
contributors, the Colleges that educated the translators and preachers,
the American Bible and Tract Societies, and other agencies that have
helped to forward the enterprises sketched in these pages.
This beautiful and commodious vessel, with missionary laborers and
supplies on board, has made several successful voyages, chiefly in command of Capt. Bingham, now retired from it. Its visits, thus far,
have been welcome, and often joyous, as was its departure from Boston. The Marquesans and Micronesians, as well as the Hawaiians, hail
gladly the approach of her dove-like white flag and her significant
figure-head, symbolizing the Spirit of Missions, holding a bible under
the left arm, and grasping it with the right hand, in the posture of
eagerly pressing forward over the foaming waves, timely to deal this
"bread from heaven" to the long-lost, famishing prodigals who remain
accessible, lest they perish forever.
Does not this enterprise, in connection with other records of this
pamphlet, encourage even the faint hearted to struggle on for the recovery of other dark isles, and Africa, India, China, Japan, and South
America, where millions read no bible, and probably find no Savior.
It is well known that a class of foreigners, misrepresenting the civilization of Christian nations, coming in contact with the Christian or
heathen population of the regions they visit, encourage old offenders to
go on in crime, and artfully tempt the reformed to relapse, and glory
in it if disastrously successful, and will have a fearful reckoning; but
others have given us noble and cheering examples of considerate, generous cooperation from time to time, from the very commencement of
evangelizing efforts in that field. I have not room for details, but will
briefly allude to a few examples worthy of note and imitation.
The first is the gratuitous navigating of our "Missionary Packet,"
from Boston to the Sandwich Islands, in 1826, for the use of our mission, a most perilous voyage of nine months. The second is the recent and liberal donation of a two thousand gold-dollar city-lot, with
dwelling house, by foreign residents at the capital of the Hawaiian
kingdom, for the Female Boarding Seminary at Honolulu, well commencedl by Dr. and Mrs L. H. Gulick, but now under the management
of Miss Bingham, which needs a more suitable Seminary edifice, and
also more means for thie support of teachers and indigent but promising
pupils, to fit them for the Lord's work. The assistant teacher has been
paid by a generous church of foreigners there, and the Principal is salaried by' The Cousins," a precious band, the associated sons and 
47
daughters of mtissionaries espousing the cause for which their parents
toiled, and aiming to help Micronesia, America., and even China, some
of whom  were lately found in our patriot army,  battling faithfully
and successfully for the right.  One  further example,  deemed adinissible here, of timely and well-directed aid to our cause from  a
former resident at Honolulu, who had once brought to the ears and
hearts of the pioneer missionaries the first tidings of the fall of lIawaii's idols, is, though not by him allowed to deserve a record here,
the donation of ten thousand dollars from J. I-unnewvell (the navigator
of the Missionary Packet), in order, with W. E. Dodge, the Am. Board.,
and others, to found the Olahl  College as a liberal educator for Hlawaii, and champion of Christian civilization, for the Pacific-Islandwvorld. Its graduates will, it is believed be found active benefactors
to tile varied classes of dwellers within and around the limits of that
vast ocean on whose bosom, Christian islands begin to blossom as
the rose, where uinoffending mariners may sail_ without the fear of
native violence, and be, moreover, greeted with the voice of Christian
songs from long lost tribes redeemed to God by the Gospel.
Encouragin,l,y does the practicability appear of manniing  rouoh
missionary fields, distant and dark, and furnishing timely the miserable and dying people with the means of. grace, whenever, and to
whatever extent, God requires it, either for a few hundred, or a few
hundred million souls!
A unique and very recent forei jn mission on a small scale, but valuable, deserves here a grateful mention. At Nui, a small island some
500 miles south of Apaiang of the Gilbert Islands, the Morning Star,
in 1867, found a people who had enjoyed, for one year, the labors of a
native missionary from the island of Samoa, listening to his instructions, abandoning their idols, and voluntarily "boarding him around
one day at a time, among their- different families.  Numbers of them
promptly recited passages of Scripture, and read other pasages from
books shown them from the vessel, printed in the United States, in the
Gilbert Islands dialect which is spoken at Nll'
Now, if the available forces of the Divine Leader promptly obey
their " marching orders" with the loyalty that fired the hearts of
Caleb and Joshua, displaying the banners of salvation for the heathen,
and using the means that Christ requires, then, His promise being
sure, soon the present urgent necessity for sending hosts of heralds
to distant, benig'hted nations, to bid them "know the Lord," would
cease, for all would know tlim, or have Hills \Word within their easy
reach, or other means of knowing the way of salvation through Jesus
Christ.  Then His servants' strictly foreign missionary work, with its
noble aims, would be consummated, to the glory and satisfaction of the
Inheritor of all nations. 
48
Should the song of the Life-boats here offered, cheer on the devoted,
living toilers in foreign missionary fields, and their kind sympathizers
dwelling at home, or traversing the seas, whom it may chance to greet,
it will, while honoring the Master, do for them what was intended by
the writer and the singers on the deck and wharf at Boston, for his
dear, self-sacrificing children, as they courageously embarked on the
Morning Star, in 1866, for their life-work among the waiting PacificIslanders.
"A little ship" did Christ desire,
To bear Salvation's choicest stores,
To souls involved in ruin dire,
Around Gennes'ret's throng-prest shores.1;
Ilis herald-hosts He speeds afar    Let numerous ships upon them wait.
And e'en the children's "Morning Star"
Leap forth to aid His work so great.
Go, angel-winged, blest "Morning Star,"
Sweep fearless o'er the mighty deep;
Safe every plank, and sail, and spar,    And all onboard may Jesus keep.
Should dangers throng and surges roar,
Then trust your Pilot, skilled and true,
Timely to bring His friends ashore,
As on that Lake where tempests blew.
The winds and waves IIis voice obey   If heathen rage, He calms the flood;
Faith's prayer He hears, and clears the way,
Lost tribes to reach and bring to God.
Then to the breeze your canvas spread;
Ten thousand prayers each sail shall fill;
Give famished men God's living bread,
And help them learn His glorious will.
Send out your Gospel life-boats sure,
AWhere fearful billows roll amain;
There, for the lost, prompt aid secure,
And throngs of shipwrecked souls regain.
Dwellers in far-off isles shall hail
The rising of their Herald-Star;
For their lRedeemer will not fail,
His chosen sheep to bring from far.
When all His flock cross Jordan's flood,
Some precious souls, resplendent there,
From those dark shores, shall bless our God,
For Life-boats like the "Morning Star."
H. B. 
THE SONG OF VALIANT FAITH:
A joyous recognition of prime Christian doctrines, duties, vows and
blessings-the dependence, election, call, renovation, enlistment, allegiance, obedience, assured hope, fight of faith, perseverance, victory
and recompense through the Redeemer, the crown of gratuitous
justification and life eternal, of the warrior-servant of God; written
for Christ's army of conquest, including the author's enlisted Pacific
Quartette, and chiefly sung on the eve of the embarkation of the fourth
from New York, Nov. 24, 1868, for Honolulu, H. I.
It may be added that the closing, octo-linear, 6-4 stanza now subjoined, was originally composed as a needed if not climacteric finale
of the admired, seven-lined-stanza song, by S. F. Adams, of a pilgrim,
panting, aspiring, struggling to rise, "Nearer, my God to Thee"
-and thus used, may still aid the grateful adorations of any one who
truly hopes, through a Mediator, to bear a part in the most joyous,
harmonious and enduring song of heaven.-[Rev. v: 9-13.]
Loyal, my God, to thee      Loyal to Thee!
Since thou hast caus'd my heart
"At peace" to be,
I'll sing thy grace that chose,
And made this "chief" of foes
Loyal, though hosts oppose —
Loyal to Thee.
Grateful, my God, to thee,
Grateful to Thee:
For man, Christ died and rose,
Grateful I'll be;
Since thou didst give  thy Son,
While endless life rolls on,
I'll laud his vict'ries won,
Grateful to Thee.
Trustful, my God, to thee,
Trustfill to Thee!
'Mid dangers, strifes and snares,
Trustful I'll be;In thee, will I confide,
Though bonds or death betide,
Unmoved, will I abide,
Trustful to Thee.
Brought home by grace alone,
My God, to thee,
I bless "thine Holy One,"
He ransom'd me!
Hence all my song shall be,
I     "'Bought with thy blood,' to live!
Ever, my God, with thee I
Ever with Thee!"
R. BINGHAM.
Praiseful, my God, to thee,
Praiseful to Thee,
Chanting " thy will be done,"
Praiseful I'll be —
Joy, grief, pain, toil, or rest,
II Thy will" is ever best;
I'll bow to tl-iy behest,
Praiseful to Thee.
I