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TUFTS UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES 
 
 llllllliiiliilillllllllllllllllllllllllllllL 
 3 9090 014 552 505 
 
 WilbilBf romRy Lft)rary of Volorinafy Mooteinc 
 Cummings School of Veterinary Mec^dne al 
 
 Tufts University 
 
 200 Westboro Road 
 
 North Grafton, MA 01536 
 
I^f 
 
A PRACTICAL SYSTEM 
 
 — OF- 
 
 Colt Training 
 
 -ALSO THE- 
 
 BEST METHODS OF SUBDUING WILD AND 
 VICIOUS HORSES. 
 
 BY JESSE BEERY. 
 
 WITH ILLUSTRATIONS, 
 
 SHOWING MODES OF PROCEDURE AND REQUTSITE 
 
 APPLTANCES!. 
 
Entered according to Act of Congress 
 
 in the year 1896, 
 
 By Jesse Beebt, of Pleasant Hill, Ohio, 
 
 In the Office of the Librarian of 
 
 Congress, 
 
 At Washington, D. c! 
 
 PRKS8 OF 
 
 THE PAR.MENTER PRINTING OO., 
 
 LIMA, OHIO. 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Introduction G 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 Colt Training 10 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 Subjection 21) 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 Kicking 45 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Balking 05 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 Shying 75 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 Running Away 88 
 
 CHAPTER VIL 
 
 Bad to Shoe 87 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 Halter Pulling .....101 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 Description of Appliances ; 107 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 Promiscuous Vices 116 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 The Overcheck and Curb Bit 141 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Teaching Tricks 152 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 Personal Experiences 171 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 Testimony of Others 187 
 
 Timely Facts and Maxims 236 
 
 Appendix 240 
 
INTRODUCTION, 
 
 M}' object in publishing this book, is to teach 
 persons who desire to learn, how properly to train a 
 colt, and to give some practical points and ideas in 
 subduing and educating horses that have acquired 
 bad habits, viz: Kicking, Balking, Sh3dng, Eunning 
 away. Halter Pulling, and vices of every description, 
 that horses are so liable to fall into when they are 
 improperly handled. 
 
 The brutish man whose coarse nature makes him 
 desire to beat, jerk, kick, swear at, and otherwise ill- 
 treat his horse, will -find nothing in this book to en- 
 courage him to continue his brutal treatment, and 
 will therefore not find anj-thing to interest or profit 
 him. The only hope I have of that man i?, that I 
 may sell him a book (at the regular price) and that the 
 book may fall into the hands of his sons, and^that they 
 may know more at sixteen than their father at forty; 
 and thus save many a colt from abuse and being 
 worthless. 
 
 The plan I use in teaching my System of Colt 
 Training and demonstrating the different UK-thods of 
 subduing vicious horses is as follows: I ha\e a large 
 tent that I instruct classes in. I then take a green 
 
INTP.ODl'CTION. 7 
 
 colt (one iliat has never had a bridle on), of some one 
 oi' the schoL^rs and give it its first few lessons before 
 the class, to teach the class my system of training, 
 and to show them hoAV fast a colt will learn, and how 
 well it will remember its training when given short 
 lessons and taught but one idea at a time. In connec- 
 tion with teaching my system of colt training, I would 
 demonstrate methods of subjection upon all kinds of 
 vicious horses, and if there were any extremely ugly, 
 bad horses in the country, those were the ones that 
 were brought out for treatment. 
 
 These are only object lessons for you; to learn 
 how to do it you must do it yourself. It is the pur- 
 pose of this book by short and clear directions, and 
 by tlie illustrations, to aid you in putting into prac- 
 tice what 3^ou learn and have seen or will see me do. 
 
 To profit b}^ what you learn you must necessar- 
 ily put your learning into practice. The man who 
 .can read and write, and does not read and wTite, is 
 only equal to him who cannot read and write. If you 
 learn how to educate a horse, you and the horse will 
 not be benefited unless you educate him. But if you 
 teach and educate him properly, he is the more willing, 
 and at the same time more valuable servant, and you 
 a happier and wealthier man. The horse is a servant, 
 and his value depends upon his docility, willingness. 
 
8 INTKODl'CTIOxV. 
 
 ready obedience, beauty, speed, streiigtli, and endur- 
 ance, in abont the order named. 
 
 The horse can be taught words of command only 
 by associating tliem with an action, as we have only 
 the whip and lines as the principal means for teach- 
 ing the commands necessary for him to know. If he 
 has confidence in his master, and understands what he 
 wants of liim, lie will be ready and willing to obey 
 every command that is given him. But if you say 
 Whoa! when you want him to go slower, when you 
 don't want him to scare and when he is standing per- 
 fectly quiet, how is he to tell what AYhoa! means? Is 
 it strange that you shout and yell ''Whoa!'' in vain 
 when the horse is frightened and you in danger? 
 
 Xearly all men that keep tractable and well- 
 trained horses, are good, kind hearted men, men who 
 never lie to their horses or deceive them by giving 
 commands in such a manner that they cannot be 
 understood. I believe it will not be saying too much 
 for my experience and observation, that in a number 
 of inst-ances I can tell the disposition of a liorse by 
 looking at the man that owns him. 
 
 With these few suggestions and observations I 
 put forth this little manual, fondly hoping that it 
 will benefit both horse and owner wherever it may 
 be read. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 9 
 
 I deem it not out of place here to mention the 
 fact that all the appliances necessary in training 
 colts and subduing vicious horses are manufactured 
 and kept in stock by me, and can be obtained by 
 writing to my address for particulars or ordered 
 directly from the advertisements at the end of this 
 book. My long experience in using and making 
 these appliances is sufficient evidence that they are 
 as nearly perfect in detail of construction as is pos- 
 sible. By buying them of me you will avoid the dif- 
 ficulty and inconvenience of trying to make them 
 yourself or having your harness maker construct 
 them from any description I might give in this book. 
 For this reason the complete descriptions of these 
 articles have been omitted. 
 
 Very Truly, 
 
 JESSE BEERY. 
 
COLT TRAINING. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 Fear is the principal motive which causes the colt 
 to resist training. It is natural for him to blck against 
 an unknown ol)ject at his heels, to pull his head out 
 of the halter as from a trap, and if of a bad disposition, 
 to strike and bite if he does not thoroughly understand 
 you. His fear is governed by his sense of touch, sight 
 and hearing; and it is through these senses we obtain 
 a mastery, and at the same time remove his fears of 
 the halter, the robe, the harness and the wagon. These 
 are the fixed laws which govern the actions of all 
 horses, and the training of a colt is merely teaching 
 him not to fear the working apparatus, but to fear 
 and respect his master, and to obey his commands as 
 soon as he has learned their meaning. Each one of 
 these senses must be educated before the colt is trained. 
 A colt's education may be compared with that of a 
 child to a great extent. A horse is, of course, a dumb 
 brute; and his reasoning powers are limited to his past 
 experience. So we must reason with him by acts alone. 
 Hence the importance of beginning every step with the 
 colt right; for by our acts he learns. The successful 
 Echoolrmaster aims first to teach the child to have 
 
COLT TRAINING. 11 
 
 confidence in him. Hence the first lesson we give the 
 colt is simply to teach it to have confidence in us and 
 that we are its best friend and don't intend to hurt it. 
 
 FIRST LESSON. 
 
 Turn it loose in an enclosure about twenty-five 
 feet in diameter, (I prefer a barn floor or a large car- 
 riage house, having vehicles and all obstacles removed.) 
 take an ordinary buggy whip in your right hand, and go 
 into the enclosure with the colt. Snap the whip a few 
 times; the colt will run to get away from you; when 
 it finds it is penned up and can not get away, it will 
 then look to you for protection. Then approach him 
 quietly; if he turns his heels to kick 3'ou or run away 
 from you, give him a crack with the whip around the 
 hind legs; follow this up until he will keep his head 
 toward you; then throw the whip under the left arm 
 and step forward and caress him on the shoulder ; hand- 
 ing him a little oats, com or apple, will assist greatly 
 in winning his confidence. (However, I prefer to use 
 nothing but caresses on the point of his shoulder.) 
 
 Let me also insist on the value of patience, from 
 the very beginning of training a colt. Start out with 
 the determination to keep cool yourself, whatever the 
 colt may do. 
 
 It is to be expected that in his ignorance of what 
 you want of him, he will try your patience, but what of 
 
12 COLT TRAINING. 
 
 that? You have all the advantage, and he is at your 
 jnerc}-. 
 
 Do not degrade 3'our manhood by unjust violence 
 toward an inoffensive subject, that is trying to under- 
 stand and willing to obey you. 
 
 In following the above directions you will find 
 that the wildest colt will follow you like a dog in twen- 
 ty or thirty minutes ; which I claim is the most impor- 
 tant lesson given the colt. 
 
 SECOND LESSON. 
 
 Take it into the inclosure, put on it an open 
 bridle with a straight bar bit, and no rein; next, put 
 on a surcingle or the skeleton part of the harness, and 
 run the lines through the shaft bearers of the harness. 
 
 This brings the lines below the hips, which will 
 prevent the colt turning his head toward you; now you 
 are in a position to teach the colt the use of the bit, 
 and also the command, "Get up.'' The first five or ten 
 minutes allow the colt to go about as it pleases; then 
 begin to draw on the lines a little, and teach it to turn 
 to the right and left. When you want the colt to st-art 
 use nothing but the words, "Get up." "Horses can 
 be taught words of command only by associating the 
 command with an action." Hence when you say 
 '^Get up" to the green horse, you must give him a tap 
 with the whip just as you give the command. He will 
 
COLT TRAINING. 
 
 13 
 
 80011 start when he hears "Get up" to avoid the stroke. 
 Thus he learns the true meaning of the command. 
 In this lesson you should teach nothing but the words 
 
 ^^%^ 
 
 'Get up" and the use of the bit. The great mistake 
 
14 COLT TRAINING. 
 
 that most men make in breaking their colts is, they 
 try to teach them too many things at once. A colt 
 will learn more in one hour per clay, than it will in 
 six hours or any longer. Make the lesson short and 
 teach but one thing at a time. But what you do teach 
 have thoroughly understood. 
 
 THIRD LESSON. 
 
 In this lesson we give the colt a repetition of bit- 
 ting and teach the word Whoa! We will presume that 
 the trainer has not said Whoa to the colt up to this 
 time, (but I have no doubt that he has said it five hun- 
 dred times before he gets to the third lesson.) You 
 could say Whoa ! to the colt until you were gray headed 
 without associating an action, and that would never 
 teach it to stop at the \yord. The first time you say 
 Whoa ! to the colt be sure that you are in a position to 
 associate an action in order to teach it the meaning of 
 the command. Just as you give the command Whoa! 
 give a sharp raking pull on the lines; then immediately 
 slack the lines; repeat until he will stop at command 
 without the action ; then you will have him taught the 
 right meaning of Whoa. 
 
 This word Whoa, is the most important command 
 we have in horsemanship; yet there is no other com- 
 mand that is so much abused. It is the habit of almost 
 everybody, when handling colts or horses, to be contin- 
 
COLT TRAINING. J 5 
 
 ually using Whoa, Ho! Ho!, without any meaning 
 whatever. If you want a horse to obey your commands, 
 you will never lie to him or deceive him by giving com- 
 mands when you don't intend to have him obey them. 
 I dwell upon this command because of its importance. 
 Quite frequently your lives may depend on a hearty 
 Whoa ! I can truly say that in my experience of hand- 
 ling colts and vicious horses, that my life would have 
 been at stake hundreds of times, had it not been for 
 having a well understood Whoa upon my horses. If 
 you are careful in teaching this command, and prac- 
 tice firmness in two or three lessons, you will have a 
 horse that will stop at the word Whoa under all cir- 
 cumstances and in any excitement. 
 
 FOURTH LESSON, 
 
 Give this lesson yet in the enclosure, as we have a 
 number of advantages of the colt that we would not 
 have outside. 
 
 First: If the colt wants to act stubborn and tries 
 to got away from us, we can control it much quicker 
 and easier than \ve otherwise could. 
 
 Second : * There are not so many objects to take 
 the colt's attention. A horse can think of but one 
 thing at a time. The school-teacher can not teach his 
 pupils anything while they are looking out the win* 
 dow^, neither can you teach the colt anything w^hilo 
 
16 
 
 COLT TRAINING. 
 
COLT TRAINING. 17 
 
 he is trying to get to other stock, or having his atten- 
 tion attracted by chickens or a bit of paper flying up 
 about him. While you have the colt in the building 
 or inclosed lot you are not annoyed with the many 
 things that are liable to take the colt's attention out- 
 
18 COLT TRAINING. 
 
 side. Persons who have not tried training colts in a 
 building or limited inclosure will be agreeably sur- 
 prised to see how much more control they will have 
 and how much easier colts can be broken in this man- 
 ner than in a field or on the road. In this lesson ele- 
 vate the head a little and teach it the use of the rein, 
 but never rein the colt high. Give it a repetition of 
 bitting, "Get up" and "Whoa;" then you should pro- 
 ceed to make all parts of the colt gentle, as follows : 
 Take a light pole about six feet long, and permit the 
 colt to feel it with his "fingers," (his nose) bring it gent- 
 ly back over the mane and down the front legs, back 
 over the back and against his quarters. If the horse 
 gets excited at any time let him feel the pole again; 
 commence in front and go back again until he be- 
 -comes perfectly indifferent to having the quarters 
 touched with the pole. 
 
 It will not require over ten or fifteen minutes to 
 do this poling. You will be surprised at the effect it 
 will have on the colt, especially colts of a wild, ner- 
 vous disposition ; thereby making it gentle to have the 
 harness, chains, or even the cross pieces of the sliaft 
 to come against the quarters, or to be touched oii ajiy 
 other part of the body. 
 
 FIFTH LESSON. 
 
 You should take the- colt on the mad and ifive it 
 
•Ol/r TKAI.\I.\<i. 
 
 19 
 
 a repetition of tlie previous lessons; at first it will act 
 as though it liad not been taught any thing, but a lit- 
 tle firmness will make it as gentle and obedient out- 
 side as it was in the enclosure. Xow you have a good 
 foundation laid for driving. Next familiarize the colt 
 with the vehicle^, by having an assistant imll the vehicle 
 around a few times behind the colt, and allow it to feel 
 of it, anjd examine it according to his own w^ay of reas- 
 oning. I would advise hitching the colt single first, 
 and he will be no trouble to drive double. 
 
 
 POLING THE COLT. 
 2 
 
:20 COLT TRAINING, 
 
 However, you may use your own pleasure about 
 that; but under all circumstances give the above les- 
 sons irst. If you wanted to teach a dog to drive cattle, 
 you wouldn't get an old dog that would run in front 
 of the cows and chase them wherever you didn't want 
 them; nine chances out of ten, the youns^ dog would be 
 like the old one. It would be natural for him to learn 
 more from the old dog than from your teaching. For 
 that reason I prefer to educate the colt by itself. It 
 is very common for a man to hitch his colt first, with- 
 out any training at all, by the side of an old farm horse 
 that is lazy, possibly blind in one eye, and so old that he 
 is listless. When you have this nervous, excitable colt 
 harnessed by the side of the old slow horse, you then 
 take your lines and ask your team to go. The colt 
 plunges ahead; the old horse having spent many days 
 in the harness takes Ufe very easy and gradually gets in 
 motion. The colt comes back and the load don't move. 
 The next time you ask them to go the old horse moves 
 ahead, the colt sets himself back in the breeching. 
 Xow you are in a good position to teach your colt to 
 balk. If you will take the colt away from the old horse, 
 and teach him by our system of training to drive single 
 first, you v, ill have no trouble to drive him double. The 
 first tini'j you hit<3h the colt up, if it is wild or inclined 
 to be doubtful^ it is advisable to use a single foot strap; 
 
COLT TRAINING. 
 
 21 
 
22 COLT TRAINING. 
 
 buckle a foot strap with a ring in it, round the off 
 front foot below the fetlock joint ; next take a half inch 
 cotton rope, fifteen feet long with a snap on one end; 
 have a ring in the belly-band of your harness, run 
 the snap through the ring at the girth, down through 
 the ring in foot strap, up, and snap into the ring attach- 
 ed to the belly-band. You then have a double pur- 
 chase on the colt's front leg. If it wants to get away 
 or turn around, draw on your rope and you will have 
 him on three legs. You can easily control him when 
 you have him on three legs. 
 
 After these lessons have been given, you are ready 
 for driving the colt. Your next work will be to famil- 
 iarize the colt to objects of fear. The first time your 
 colt gets frightened at a stone, stump, or anything 
 else that might be along the roaji side, be sure that you 
 take him right up to it and allow him to examine, f eei 
 of it with his nose, and be convinced that the object 
 is harmless. In order to do this successfully you 
 should talk to the colt like this : ''Take care ! Look 
 out ! Be easy, It will not hurt you. Walk right up 
 to it, sir !" and after he has walked up to it say Whoa 
 and allow him to stand by it until it ceases to attract 
 his attention. If you will practice this for the first 
 three or four drives upon every occasion, you will be sur- 
 prised to see the effect it will have on 3^our colt. Attev 
 
COLT TRAINING. 
 
24 COLT TRAINING. 
 
 that, if he would happen to get scared at anything, as 
 soon as it hears your voice it will want to go right up 
 to the object that it was frightened at without even the 
 use of lines. 
 
 It would be almost fatal to success to allow the 
 colt to resist at any time through carelessness, as it 
 would make him very cunning and doubtful, which 
 would require very careful management to overcome. 
 Give the colt four or five drives with an open vehicle, 
 and then you can get it used to a top buggy about as 
 follows: before you hitch him up allow him to feel of 
 the top with his nose, next take your lines out of the 
 terete rings and run them through the thill straps of 
 the harness; get behind him and drive him with the 
 lines, while you have an assistant walk by your side 
 with an umbrella, opening it, just a little at a time, 
 or so much as the colt will bear without exciting fear; 
 drive the colt around in this manner until he will bear 
 the umbrella carried behind him wide open, without 
 causing any fear. You may now hitch him to the bug- 
 gy with the top down, and while driving, test him 
 again with the umbrella; but if he shows much fear 
 of it while hitched up, you can use the single foot 
 strap. After he becomes perf»ectly indifferent to having 
 the umbrella open behind him, you may next have your 
 assistant raise the top by degrees. You will find that 
 
COLT TRAINING. "25 
 
 after the umbrella test, he will pay but little attention 
 to the top. We use the umbrella first because it is eas- 
 ier to raise and lower than the top. All of this pro- 
 cess should not require more than twenty or thirty 
 minutes when properly done. Once getting your colt 
 accustomed to having the top behind it, all is done, and 
 he will never show any fear of it afterwards. Continue 
 driving and teaching the colt for fifteen or twenty days, 
 one hour per day, and at the expiration of that time 
 you will have all of these early impressions thoroughly 
 fixed upon the brain; so that your colt could stand in 
 the stable a month, or even six months, and it would 
 not forget its education. In fact it would never for- 
 get its early training. Early impressions are strong 
 and lasting in the horse as well as in man. Who is 
 there among men that does not well remember things 
 that he was taught while young, and the impressions 
 that were made then are seldom if ever forgotten. It 
 is the same with the horse. ISTo animal has memory 
 equal to that of a horse. Hence the importance of giv- 
 ing him a systematic course of handling. Men as a 
 rule have too little patience in the training of their 
 colts, and they very often expect to accomplish more 
 in a short time than can possibly be performed. Yet 
 it is surprising to see what a short time it requires to 
 educate a colt according to this system, when we meas- 
 
2(5 (lOLT TRAINING. 
 
 lire the time by da\s. Suppose that in training a colt 
 we were to spend one hour per day^ for twenty days, 
 which woidd he as long as should be needed. Compute 
 the time at ten hours per day, you will find that my 
 whole colt training system amounts to about two daj'S 
 time. You would then have a well trained horse, a 
 colt that would know more, and be more tractable than 
 3'our ordinary broken horses at the age of six years. 
 There is no farmer or horse raiser that could employ 
 his time more profitably, than to follow this system in 
 educating his colts. It would enhance their value at 
 least thirty or forty dollars, for there is no reasonable 
 person that would not gi^'e thirty or forty dollars more 
 for a horse properly trained than for one that was not 
 tractable and safe. 
 
 In s]>eaking of the increased commercial value of a 
 properly trained and docile animal, I have mentioned 
 a motive that appeals to all men, good or bad. But 
 to the man of intojligence and moral rectitude, a bet- 
 ter and higher motive is to be found in the fact that a 
 horse has a right not only .to food and shelter, but to 
 all the comfort consistent with his state of servitude. 
 He has, in the nature of things, to be so much of his 
 life in the harness, that his working hours ought to 
 be made as comfortable as possible. A happy, cheer- 
 ful beast will do more work and live longer and so be. 
 
* CULT TKAINING. Z4 
 
 a source of more profit, than tlic one wiiicli suffers not 
 only from over-work, but from harsh words, the fre- 
 quent crack of the wliip and incessant ill-usage with 
 no rewards or encouraging words. Horses like to be 
 talked to, in a good-natured way, and kind words, when 
 in the harness and about their drudgery, will be a bet- 
 ter stimulus than the whip; for a great amount of ner- 
 vous energy is wasted by the state of mind induced by 
 a free use of the lash, aside from the mere physical 
 pain, generally quite unnecessarily inflicted. 
 
 '•He is often rated as inferior to man, yet he is in 
 many respects superior to the cross-grained, profane, 
 brutal and ignorant men in whose ownership he some- 
 times falls.'' 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 1 
 I 
 I 
 I 
 
SUBJECTION. 
 
 CHAPTER 11. 
 
 All vicious habits and vices have been learned and 
 acquired from previous contests. A colt that breaks 
 -its halter^, kicks itself loose, or scares you out by fight- 
 ing, will try it again with increased zeal. He has now 
 learned how. to do it. Do not let him begin, but if he 
 should, take it out of him before you stop. You must 
 conquer him or he will conquer you. There is no part- 
 nership in the matter ; you must be master and yet you 
 must do it by firmness, patience and perseverance. 
 There are no advantages gained by the brutal use of 
 the whip. There are advantages enough to be takeiL 
 of the colt,- which will soon cause him to yield, because 
 he finds himself powerless against you. The first prin- 
 ciples involved in managing unruly or vicious horses 
 are to show them that we are master, and to do this 
 we must use coercive treatment in order to subdue 
 them.* We have several direct methods of subjection. 
 and also a number of indirect . methods. The first 
 
30 SUBJECTION^ 
 
 method that I shall describe, will be the method of dis- 
 abling and throwing. To throw a horse, you should 
 have on him a good, strong halter with nose piece com- 
 ing rather low dowTi on the nose; next, have a surcingle 
 three inches wide, with two rings directly on top of the 
 back; one on the front part of the surcingle, the other 
 on the back part; attach two more rings about five 
 inches lower, to the off side in the same manner. The 
 rings attached to the back part of the surcingle are 
 for the straps attached to the crupper. Take a hitching 
 strap about eight feet long, snap it into the front ring 
 on top of the back, bring the end on off side of the 
 neck through the halter ring, back through ring on off 
 side of back. jSText have a leg strap, and strap up near 
 front foot. You then stand on off side of the horse, 
 take hold of the halter with your right hand, and the 
 end of the strap with the left hand. Now you are in 
 the first position to throw the horse. 
 
 Draw his head around to his side, take the slack 
 ei the strap up with the left hand, and hold strap and 
 halter with right hand. If he is inclined to rear, whirl 
 him around a few times, and press in at his shoulder; 
 he will come down on his knee and go over with a roll- 
 ing motion on his side. By keeping hold of the end 
 of the strap, you can prevent the horse jumping up; 
 then while holding the strap have your a-ssistant rattle 
 
SUBJECTION. 
 
 31 
 
32 SUBJECTION. 
 
 tin pane, sleigh bells, and all the other rackets that 
 you can get hold of. There is nothing that takes tfee 
 conceit out of a horse quicker than to lay him down, or 
 deprive him of his strength. We can get three-fourths 
 of the horses under control with this method. Horses 
 that can not be subdued with this method are more 
 likely to be cold blooded, sullen horses, that will fall 
 down and lie there without fighting the treatment. 
 To horses of that kind, you will have to apply other 
 methods of subjection. 
 
 SECOND POSITION IN LAYING A HORSE DOWN. 
 
 This method is more especially adapted to horses 
 that will resist and fight the treatment hard. If the 
 
SlJB.iKOTfoN. ty'4 
 
 horse is sensitive about the tail, quarters and feet, take 
 a light pole and touch the quarters and feet while you 
 have him down, until there is no resistance. This will 
 be shown by the muscles becoming relaxed. Then al- 
 low him to get up, and repeat the handling or poling 
 until submitted to on his feet. After being thrown to 
 the extent of making him lie do^^Ti submissively, it will 
 do no good to repeat the treatment. In subduing a 
 horse with this method, the main point is to make the 
 horse work hard; keep him fighting steadily until he 
 gives up the contest. Usually they will give up in from 
 half to three quarters of an hour. After they become 
 submissive it is very important that you treat th-em 
 with the greatest kindness, in order to fix the impres- 
 sion, and teach them that we are masters ; and not only 
 masters, but a kind friend to them. This method is 
 better to be used in connection with other methods of 
 subjection. 
 
 ' The next best way to subdue vicious horses is by 
 the use of the Double Safety Rope. This is undoubt- 
 edly the best means of control that has ever been devis- 
 ed, of which the appliances used are few, simple, and 
 easy to manipulate. Have two rings about five inches 
 apart in the bottom of your surcingle, or girth of your 
 harness. Buckle a foot strap with a ring in it around 
 each front leg, below the fetlock joint; then take a half 
 
34 
 
 SUBJECTION. 
 
SrB.IKCTTON. ;35 
 
 inch cotton rope eighteen feet long witli a snap in one 
 end. Eun the snap throngh ring in snrcingle, down 
 throngh ring at off front foot, up throngh other ring 
 in surcingle, down and snap in ring on near foot. This 
 "gives you a double purchase upon each front le.ix. Carry 
 this rope hack past the quarters on off side. Have rings 
 low down on surcingle at each side for the lines to 
 pass through, as in colt training. iSext take the rope 
 and whip in right hand, and lines in left. Xow give 
 him the command to go, and when you are ready for 
 him to stop, say "Whoa^^^ and pull on the Safety Rope 
 at the same time. This will bring him to his knees. 
 
 You should always have good knee pads on him^ 
 so when you bring him to his knees it w^ill not hurt 
 him. In from thirty to forty minutes you can subdue 
 the most vicious horse with this Double Safety Rope. 
 The next method of subjection that I shall describe, 
 will be pressure on the spinal cord, or passive treatment. 
 It is well known that by hitting a horse at a certain 
 point back of the ear, it is easy to knock him down. 
 At the back part of the head, or just back of the ears, 
 there is about an inch of the spinal cord that is not 
 covered with bone. If a knife would be stuck in at ^his 
 point sufficiently to penetrate it, it would cause instant 
 death. By bringing gentle, but firm pressure upon 
 this part, you have one of the safest and most reliable 
 
86 SUBJKCTION-. 
 
 methods known. It is especially fitted to certain dis- 
 positions and vices, very often making it easy to sub- 
 due horses upon which other methods fail. However 
 it is a method that must be used with great care and 
 judgment. It is our best method for horses bad to 
 shoe, as it can 1:>e applied right in the shop. This 
 method formerly consisted of an appliance called a 
 l\oll, to he put into the mouth and attached to a 
 ijtrap to gx) over the top of the head and fasten to 
 a buckle on the near side. 
 
 The principle involved, is that the greater the 
 strength of will and power of resistance on the part 
 of the horse, the more pressure should be used and 
 the longer it must be left on. The use of the Roll 
 has now been almost entirely discontinued, since 
 the average horse owner does not care to take the 
 time and patience necessary to properly apply it. 
 The same subjection can be accomplished by an ap- 
 pliance of my own invention which I call my Pulley 
 Breaking Bridle, which is a most useful article in 
 many other instances, and which is fully described 
 elsewhere in this book. Success will now depend 
 upon advantage taken while using this treatment, 
 as it'Will do biit little good to put on pressure and 
 do notliing more. If the horse is nervous and 
 touchy, you should take a pole and bring it against 
 
SUBJECTION. 37 
 
 the quarters and sensitive parts, until he will submit 
 to being touched and handled as you please. The main 
 point of observation now should be the expression of 
 the horse's eyes and ears. When he shows unmis- 
 takable signs of submission, by coming toward you 
 instead of pulling back, after which the eyes will 
 soften and ears relax, release your power of the 
 bridle at once. 
 
 This bridle can be used successfully on unbrok- 
 en colts in taking any conceit out of them and 
 teaching them to follow you at command. I would 
 not advise much severity in the management of any 
 colt. The less excitement and punishment used in 
 their treatment the better. 
 
 I have described several of the best and most direct 
 methods of subjection, and will explain further on how 
 to apply them, and the necessary modifications of the 
 different methods. Next will come a few indirect 
 methods of control. If you have a horse that is afraid 
 of an umbrella, a robe, or other similar object; or 
 one that is bad to shoe or has any similar vice, the 
 use of my Pulley Breaking Bridle is all that is nec- 
 essary to control it. 
 
 While I do not personally approve of the use of 
 cord bridles, except by men of good judgment, yet 
 when they are properly used it is surprising to see 
 
38 SUBJECTION. 
 
 what they will do for us in a short time. For that 
 reason I will here give a brief description of a few, 
 noting however, that any result which may be ob- 
 tained by any of these rope bridles can also be ob- 
 tained with my Pulley Breaking Bridle. 
 
 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF CORD BRIDLES. 
 
 r First Form War Bridle. This consists of a piece 
 of hard woven sash cord five sixteenths of an inch 
 thick and fifteen feet long with a knot at each end> 
 and a stationary loop around the neck. The rope 
 is brought down on oflF side and back through loop. 
 A few pulls with this bridle will make your horse 
 sensible to an easy bit, or make him follow you 
 readily without any restraint on his head. 
 
 When there is more power desired, this bridle 
 can be modified by passing the rope over the head 
 just back of the ears, through the mouth, then 
 through the last cord on near side. 
 
 Second Form War Bridle. This consists of a 
 rather tight stationary loop around the lower jaw, 
 the cord going thence from oflf side over the head 
 just back of the ears, down near side and through 
 loop at jaw. This gives power sidewa3^s and for- 
 wards and is good to teach a colt with sensitive 
 mouth, to follow. The real power is pressure on 
 the spinal cord. 
 
SUBJECTION. 39 
 
 The Excelsior Bridle has a rather loose sta- 
 tionaiy loop around the lower jaw, the cord 
 brought over tlie middle of the neck from off side, 
 passed through loop on near side, back over head 
 just back of ears, down through mouth, under up- 
 per lip, (above upper jaw) and through -the cord 
 above loop. This bridle can be used in controlling 
 a horse afraid of umbrellas, robes, etc., or bad to 
 shoe. 
 
 Simple Riding Bridle. This is convenient to 
 use on a horse that is shy of a bridle, and w^on't 
 allow you to aproach him if you have bridle in 
 your hand. It consists of a small cord eight feet 
 long wdiich can be carried in the pocket. Approach 
 the horse carefully, throw cord across top of the 
 head, bring the ends through the mouth crossing 
 each other, and back to form reins, get on and ride. 
 
 The Endless Bridle is a simple device to pre- 
 vent a horse from throwing his head down and 
 breaking his rein. Little loops are sewed to the 
 cord on each side of the head a little below the ears, 
 and the ends brought through these loops and sew- 
 ed together. This endless bridle is placed under an 
 ordinary bridle. 
 
 Indian Bridle. This is made of an eight foot 
 rope with two half hitches in the middle just large 
 
4() SUBJECTION. 
 
 enough to go over the lower jaw, the last under the 
 krst, the ends crossed and brought back to the sad- 
 dle. 
 
 THE BEERY PULLEY BREAKING BRIDLE. 
 
 This bridle is made of the best three-ply rope, 
 fiye-sixteenths of an inch thick. 
 
 Just a word about my great Pulley Breaking 
 Bridle. There's hardly a habit about a horse or a time 
 in which the use of this bridle will not r-epay you ten 
 times its cost in the valuable assistance it will be to you. 
 
 It forms a most necessary adjunct to my other 
 appliances and it is supposed that every horseman or 
 korse owner who follows my methods and uses my 
 appliance has one of these bridles, the price of which 
 is only 60 cents. 
 
 Its use is fully described in my book, and those 
 owning the book will certainly realize the importance 
 and necessity of also owning the bridle. Its use will 
 take the place of about all the other sash cord bridles 
 that are described elsewhere in this book. 
 
 This makes us the simplest, most powerful and 
 elective bridle that has ever been devised. 
 
 It will conquer more than two-thirds of all the 
 bad habits that horses have, viz: Afraid of paper, um- 
 brellas and robes, bad to curry, bad to harness, bad to 
 lead, biting, crowding you out of the stall, and is a 
 
^UBJECTIOX. 41 
 
 decided improvement over all other devices for black- 
 smiths to use on horses that are bad to shoe. 
 
 The beaiifv' of this bridle is, the bit is made rather 
 large, out of soft, pliable rope so that it will not lacerate 
 the mouth as some other cord bridles will doy especially 
 when they are -improperly used. The cord working 
 through the pulley loosens the rope as soon as you stoD 
 pulling; consequently you are enabled to use just such 
 severity as the case may demand. If the horse is not 
 very bad, and simply needs to have his attention divert- 
 'ed a little, just a few pulls is all that will be necessary; 
 but if he is a desperate case, you have reserved all the 
 power you desire. 
 
 To get full effects from it, you should give 
 quick, short jerks, right in theact of the horse's re- 
 gistance; as he submits you should cease the pulling 
 and treat him kindly by making gentle movements 
 about him. If he should still show further resistance 
 repeat the dose; then give him a chance to comprehend 
 that the punishment was for his wilful resistance. 
 
 Unless you have actually seen this bridle at work 
 or have used it yourself, I will admit that it may be 
 bard for you to BELIEVE that what I CLAIM for it 
 is a FACT. 
 
 Yet it is so. Practical experience in the use of 
 this remarkable appliance, both by myself and others. 
 
42 SUBJECTION. 
 
 has proven beyond all possibility of doubt, that it is 
 all and more than I claim for it. 
 
 AVith ordinary bridles used for such purposes, the 
 horse would often be very harshly and cruelly handled, 
 and sometimes severely injured, resulting in its dispo- 
 sition being spoiled for life. 
 
 Tlie success of my bridle lies in the peculiar action 
 of the rope across the spinal cord just back of horse's 
 cars, where it is not covered with bone, which actually 
 destroys his power of resistance. This is done without 
 injury to the horse, as the effect is gone as soon as the 
 pressure is removed. 
 
 This action of the bridle so distracts the attention 
 of the horse from the thing it fears or from its own 
 inclination to disobey you, that the result which you 
 wish to obtain is accomplished in a very short time. 
 
 My Submissive Pulley Bridle is the simplest, most 
 effective and powerful one ever invented. Worked by 
 means of rings and a pulley, it combines simplicity, 
 strength and effectiveness in a manner never before 
 equalled. 
 
 I have for years been in the horse training and 
 breaking business. In that time I have come across 
 ALL KINDS of horses and learned a great deal re- 
 garding- them. I have ALWAYS used my great 
 
BUB.IECTION 
 
 43 
 
 Pulley Bridlo and have always been successful with it. 
 The proper use of this bridle will remove DOZENS of 
 bad habits . 
 
 This bridle is made of the very best material and 
 all ready to put on the horse's head, which can be 
 done as quickly as to put on an ordinary halter. On 
 receipt of 60 cents, this bridle will be sent postpaid 
 to any address. 
 
 MANNER OF WHIRLING HORSE AROUND. 
 
 Another good method of getting a horse under con- 
 trol that is afraid of shafts, or a wild colt that don't 
 
44 SUBJECTION. 
 
 want you to ride him, is to take one hand on the bridle 
 and the other one hold of his tail, and. whirl him around 
 eight or ten times. He will become so dizz}' that he will 
 almost forget he is a horse, and 3'ou can handle him with 
 ease. It is sometimes xevy good for single balkers, a& 
 it forces them to move, and they can not tell tlie dif- 
 ference between going sideways and straight ahead. 
 Hence, when you hitch them tip, their ideas are so con- 
 fused and broken up, that when you ask them to go 
 they will .start right off. 
 
KICKING. 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 I shall first give some of the causes of horses 
 starting in the habit of kicking. Because a horse kicks 
 is no reason to think he is naturally bad or unmanage- 
 able. I claim that there is no horse naturally vicious. 
 They are always made that way by bad management' 
 i>r ignorant trainers. Of course, I will admit that some 
 liorses inherit to some extent the disposition and even 
 inclination to have the ways of their ancestors. But 
 we should never undertake to break a horse without 
 first taking into consideration his nature, disposition 
 and understanding. For instance, if we have a colt 
 that has been badly bred, has long ears, (hairy inside,) 
 narrow between the eyes, and dished below the eyes, 
 we know that w^e have a bad dispositioned colt. Xow, 
 if we handle it according to its bad disposition, we can 
 get it very nearly on an equal with a good dispositioned 
 horse, all the difference being in the management and 
 training of the colt. Eemember it will require much 
 
KICKING. 47 
 
 more patience and thorough work on a horse of this 
 kind. 
 
 jSTature allows all animals a means of self defense, 
 and it seems she allowed the horse to have its principal 
 jQieans of self defense in its heels. If you are managing 
 a horse and he gets badly excited by some cause, such 
 as having chains or anything else coming in contact 
 with his legs or parts that are unbroken, his first in- 
 centive is to use his means of defense, and kick it out 
 of the way. Kicking is a habit that people have more 
 horror and fear of than any other habit that horses 
 'acquire. The habit is acquired nine times out of ten 
 through bad management and ignorant breakers. If 
 the horse wonld have been taught according to my 
 system of Colt Training, he would have no inclination 
 to kick. When a colt is broken as ordinarily done, 
 and goes off all right the first time he is hitched up, 
 it is taken for granted that he has taken all of his 
 education in at one lesson. But should the lines be 
 caught under the tail, or the horse get a glimpse of the 
 top over the blinds, or the cross piece of the shafts 
 would happen to touch him about the legs or quarters, 
 these parts being practically unbroken, it would be quite 
 likely to frighten and excite him as to cause him to go 
 to kicking, and once started, there is an increased in- 
 clination to go on until confirmed in the habit. Mak- 
 
48 
 
 KICKING. 
 
KICKING. 49' 
 
 ing one side or part of the colt or horse gentle and saib- 
 missive to having anything come in contact with it will 
 give no assurance in having the opposite side, or other 
 parts touched and handled. All members of the body 
 must be made submissive alike. It would only require 
 a very short time to make all members of the body 
 entirely indifferent to such causes of contact by follow- 
 ing our poling process explained in Colt Training: 
 beginning at the nose, and rubbing the pole over the 
 mane, back, bell}', quarters, and all the sensitive parts 
 of the body, until all the muscles become relaxed. The 
 first tiling to be done to break a horse of kicking should 
 be to make a good, reliable foundation before hitching 
 him up, by giving him a complete handling and a 
 thorough course of subjection. The best methods for 
 subduing bad kicking horses are throwing them 
 and the use of the Double Safety Eope. Take the horse 
 on a soddy piece of ground or in a straw yard, and 
 throw him five or six times, according to our way of 
 laying a horse down, ^ow while he is down, keep 
 liold of the end of the strap and have your attendant 
 throw buffalo robes, umbrellas and flags' over him, and 
 rattle tin pans, sleigh bells, beat drums, play hor-se- 
 fiddles, etc., in fact all the rackets you can scare up. 
 As he attempts to get up pull on the straps, which will 
 roll him back on his side. If he is sensitive about the 
 
m 
 
 KICKING. 
 
K1«KIN(^. 51 
 
 quarters or heels, take a light pole and rub his heels 
 with it, shake tin pans and sleigh bells against his legs 
 and sensitive parts. Show him that he will have tO' 
 submit. After he submits to all this racket and poling 
 without resisting or trying to get up you can let him 
 on his feet, then put on the Double Saf et}' Rope, as 
 described under Subjection. Take the rope and whip 
 in right hand, the lines in the left; give him the com- 
 mand to ••'Get up,'' and give him a stroke with the whip 
 around the hind legs close to the body at the same time ; 
 if he kicks in response, pull on the rope and bring him 
 to his knees. 
 
 Repeat the command and draw on the rope slightly 
 and he will move forward. When you have gone a 
 little way, say Whoa ! and bring him on his knees and 
 hold him there a little while. Then slack the rope and 
 let him up. Next, fasten tin pans and sleigh bells 
 to the crupper; allow them to hang do^Yn about to 
 the hock joint, in such a manner as will not hurt 
 him. Now have somebody make all the racket and 
 disturbance possible around him. If he tries to 
 kick, bring him to his knees. Make him fight the 
 Double Safety Rope hard now, until he submits. 
 Show him yon can master him on his feet as 
 well as on his side. After you have him thor- 
 oughly warmed up, and he submits to all of this 
 
KICKING. 
 
 -^^/^^ 
 
KICKING. 55 
 
 unconditionall^r,, you should caress him, and treat him 
 kindly until he is cooled off a little; then put him in 
 the stable until the next day. Give him one lesson a 
 day, similar to the one just described, for three or four 
 days, not making the lesson longer than one hour a 
 day. Then you will have thoroughly taught the horse 
 that you are his master, and that things liable to 
 frighten him, or cause kicking, are entirely harmless. 
 In manipulating this Double Safety Eope, always have 
 leggings or knee pads on your horses front legs, and 
 there will be no danger of hurting him. If it is a 
 horse that kicks single, you are now ready to put him 
 in shafts. Put on the Double Safety Rope; by having 
 two rings in the belly band of your harness, you can 
 use the Double Safety Eope with the harness on, as well 
 as with the surcingle; and also apply it after he is 
 hitched up. Before hitching him up, tie the tugs into 
 the breeching rings and run the lines through the shaft 
 bearers, and test him again with the tin pans and sleigh 
 bells hitting his heels, by having them attached to 
 crupper, and driving him around awhile until sub- 
 missive. Now hitch him up and ask him to go; if he 
 tries to kick, pull on the rope and touch him with the 
 whip, and show him that you can master him in the 
 shafts as well as out. 
 
 As soon as he becomes gentle, and is willing to go 
 
56 KICKING. 
 
 all right, take tlie appliances off and drive him a little 
 while without the rope, and put him awa}^ for that day. 
 My experience has taught me that it requires from 
 tvs^enty to thirty days to educate a had, confirmed kick- 
 er; to fix the impression on the brain so that there will 
 be no inclination to repeat the habit; while you may 
 not need to use coercive, or subjective treatment more 
 than the first four or five lessons, yet it will be absolute- 
 ly necessary to be on your guard, and not allow him to 
 resist at any time. Be ready with Double Safety Eope 
 to rebuke disobedience, and also be ready with caresses 
 and kind treatment to reward obedience. Possibly the 
 horse will make attempts to resist even after having 
 given it eight or ten lessons, and if you are careless and 
 not on your guard, he will get the advantage of you 
 and go to kicking. If we allow the horse to resist after 
 once forcing submission, it will only make him worse 
 than he was before; because it gives him increased 
 courage and confidence in himself to know that he can 
 resist after treatment, and in that way make his charac- 
 ter doubtful and treacherous. Hence the importance 
 of being firm, and not allowing him to resist at all after 
 having been subdued. If you will keep your horse from 
 resisting, according to my system of training for three 
 or four weeks, I will guarantee that he will have but 
 very little inclination to kick, and will bear tests that 
 
KICKING. 57 
 
 Your supposed gentle horses would not bear; such as 
 driving without hold-back straps, tin pans thumping 
 against his heels, .or stopping at word of command so 
 quick that he would almost slide off his hind feet. The 
 first thing you do before breaking a kicker, or any 
 other kind of bad horse, you should ' the blinds off 
 your bridle. I have no use for blinds whatever. 
 
 A horse's eyes were made for him to see, 
 therefore let him see; but how can he when he is penned 
 up in a pair of blinders? To illustrate what blinds 
 will do, I will relate a circumstance connected with a 
 very bad kicker that I once broke privately for a man. 
 After I had her thoroughly educated and made per- 
 fectly gentle to drive with an open bridle, and she 
 would bear tests that gentle horses, as ordinarily broken, 
 would not bear — when I turned her over to the owner. - 
 I warned him particularly not to put blinds on her. 
 I told him to drive her three or four weeks with an 
 open bridle, then, if he was determined to have blinds 
 on her, he should bring her to me and I would hitch 
 her the first time with blinds. He did so. After he had 
 driven her about three weeks, he brought her back and 
 said she was obedient to all the commands that I had 
 taught her, and she was driving perfectly well ; but the 
 mare had a Roman shaped head, and he got the idea 
 into his head that his horse was horribly ugly without 
 
58 KICKING. 
 
 blinds, and he would like to' use her with blinds. Well, 
 I put blinds on her and hitched her up and asked her 
 to go; she didn't even want to start, but she didn^t go 
 over two rods until she ran to the side of the road and 
 made such signs of kicking that caused us to get out 
 just in time to save a new buggy. Nothing caused her 
 to want to repeat the old habit except the blinds. How- 
 ever, after I gave her two or three lessons of subjectiye 
 treatment with the blinds on, she drove with blinds; 
 although he admitted afterwards that she drove better 
 without blinds, than with them. I shall say more 
 and give modifications of treatment, but good judg- 
 ment and common sense will suggest to you the modi- 
 fications that might be needed; therefore, I shall not 
 say much more about kickers. If you have a horse that 
 is not confirmed in the habit of kicking, and is 
 very sensitive, high spirited, and kicks principally 
 from fear, it is better not to excite, or get it much 
 heated. About all that is necessary to do is 
 to put on the Excelsior Bridle, get him used 
 to the rattle of the wagon, and overcome the sensitive- 
 ness to being touched, by our process of poling a horse. 
 If he is extremely touchy, giving him a few oats, or 
 carressing him will help greatly to make him submissive, 
 Xo matter how severe the previous treatment, when 
 submissive, kindness will be absolutely necessarv* in 
 
KICKIXG. 59 
 
 quieting tlie nervous system. In addition^ it tells the 
 horse b}' his way of reasoning, that the punishment is 
 for kickini;'. and the reward is for doing- right. 
 Some men, whatever their experienee, seem to he ahnost 
 poison to horses; as soon as they get in a horse's 
 presence, the horse seems to be unnerved and excited. 
 They think all that is necessary is to jerk a horse 
 around, to subject him to treatment as if but a mere 
 machine; then if they fail to get him taught 4nything, 
 they will attribute the whole trouble to the horse as 
 being an exceptionally bad one, while the trouble is 
 with them for not knowing how to reason with a dumb 
 brute. 
 
 BAD TO HARNESS. 
 
 In training a horse that kicks when the harness 
 is put on: If he is not very bad, simply put on the 
 Beery Pulley Breaking Bridle and use as described on 
 page 40.Then throw the harness on ; if he kicks, give 
 him a couple of jerks right and left. Xow be careful 
 to jerk hiin while he is in the act of resisting. Repeat 
 putting it on and off a number of times; as he submits, 
 -caress and treat him kindly. Should it be a horse con- 
 firmed in the habit, and the War bridle is not sufficient, 
 use the roll, or pressure on the spinal cord. Have the 
 pressure on from fifteen to twenty minutes; put the 
 harness on and off while the roll is on. Repeat the 
 
CO KICKING. 
 
 handling until he will submit to have the harness 
 thrown from quite a distance without having any 
 restraint upon him, and he makes no resistance. 
 Three or four lessons ought to break the habit, giv- 
 ing one lesson a day. 1 may add, that if the harness 
 is heavy or the weather cold, it should not be thrown 
 from too great a distance, nor with too much force. 
 
 How to train a horse that is aggressive, and kicks 
 in the stall: In the first place you should have good 
 large stalls. Xarrow stalls are always an abomination. 
 They not only make it difficult to get around ' doubtful 
 horses, but they do not give the horse room to step 
 around, lie down and get up. Put the Pulley Breaking 
 Bridle on him, carry the cord back to the back part of 
 the stall. Do not let him know the bridle is on until 
 you are ready to use it. Come into the stable, take the 
 end of the cord in your hand, and say Get over ! If 
 he makes an attempt to kick you out, give him two or 
 three sharp jerks with the cord. Eepeat for a few times^ 
 going in until he learns that you are master. As he 
 submits, treat him kindly, as that will be very import- 
 ant in teaching the horse that the punishment was for 
 kicking. In order to break both sides of tha horse,, 
 you must carry the cord back on the opposite side of 
 him and treat it likewise. 
 
KICKING 
 
 61 
 
62 KICKING. 
 
 BAD TO GROOM. 
 
 How to manage sensitive horses while being 
 groomed. The habit of kicking while being groomed 
 is too often the result of cruel treatment. A sharp 
 curry comb is usually raked recklessly over the legs 
 and belly of a sensitive horse, regardless of the pain 
 it causes him. The horse may bite, kick and almost 
 lie down in his efforts to free himself from the pain; 
 probably he will receive punishment for not standing 
 quietly. How can you expect him to be quiet under 
 such barbarous treatment ? Sharp curry combs should 
 never be used on horse's legs or sensitive parts. 
 Always use a good brush on the legs and bjlly of a 
 horse. 
 
 Many horses make no vicious demonstrations, 
 even when suffering greatly, but this is no reason for 
 being careless and rough in grooming them. The 
 pleading look in the eye of a suffering animal ought 
 to compel sympathy from all but the most hardened. 
 
 After having become confirmed in the habit of 
 resisting the groom, hold him under constraint until 
 you can convince him that you are not going to scratch 
 the skin off. Put on the Beery Pulley Breaking Bridle 
 and correct as the actions of the horse make necessary. 
 You should never half way control or subdue a horse. 
 Nothing short of unconditional submission will do any 
 
KICKING. 
 
 6S 
 
 good. Always go prepared^ and never allow your hoiee 
 to resist at any point after he has been conquered. 
 Bemember, that to br ak a horse reliably of kick- 
 ing means that there will ^be no inclination to kick in 
 any position, no matter how irritated. 
 
BALKING. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Horses know nothing about balking until they are 
 forced into it by bad management. When a horse 
 balks, it is generally from some mismanagement^ ex- 
 citement, confusion, or from not knowing how to pull; 
 but seldom from any unwillingness to do all that he 
 understands. High spirited horses are the most liable 
 to balk, and it is because drivers do not properly under- 
 stand how to manage them. A free horse in a team 
 may be so anxious to start, that when he hears the 
 word he will start with a jump, which will not move the 
 load, but give him so severe a jerk on the shoulders 
 that he will fly back and stop the other horse. The 
 teamster will continue his driving without any cessa- 
 tion and by the time he has the slow horse started again, 
 he will find that the free horse has made another jump, 
 and again flown back. And now he has them both 
 badly balked, and so confused that neither of them 
 know what is the matter or how to start the load. 
 Xext will come the slashing and cracking of the whip, 
 and hallooing of the driver, until something is broken, 
 or he is through mth his course of treatment. But 
 what a mistake the driver makes by whipping his horse 
 
6G BALKING. 
 
 for this act. Keason and caiiunon sense should teach 
 him that the horse was willing and anxious to go, but 
 did not know how to start the load. x\nd should he 
 whip him for that? If so, he should whip him again 
 for not knowing how to talk. A man that wants to act 
 with reason should not fly into a passion, but should 
 always think before he strikes. It takes a steady pres- 
 sure against the collar to move a load, and you cannot 
 expect him to act with a steady determined purpose 
 .while you are whipping him. There is hardly one balk- 
 ing horse in five hundred that will pull true from 
 whipping; it is only adding fuel to the fire, and will 
 make him more liable to balk another time. You always 
 see horses that have balked a few times turn their 
 head and look back as soon as they are a little confused. 
 This is because they have been whipped, and are afraid 
 of what is behind them. This is an invariable rule with 
 balky horses, just as much as it is for them to look 
 around at their sides when they have the bots; in either 
 case they are deserving of the same kind of rational 
 treatment. 
 
 When your horse balks, is confused, or wants to 
 start quickly, use kind treatment immediately. Caress 
 him kindly, and if he don't understand at once what 
 you want him to do, he will not be so much excited as 
 to jump ajid do everything wrong through fear. As 
 
BALKTNi,;. <)T 
 
 long as you are calm, and can keo}) down excittMnent of 
 the horse, lie will soon forget all about it, and learn 
 to pull true. Almost every wrong act the horse makes 
 is from mismanagement, fear or excitement. We must 
 remember when we are dealing with dumb creatures,, 
 that it must be very difficult for them to understand 
 our motions, signs and language; we should never get 
 out of patience ^vith them because they don't under- 
 stand us, nor wonder at their doing things wrong. 
 We should remember that our ways and language are 
 just as foreign and unknown to the horse as any for- 
 eign language is to us ; and we should try to practice 
 what we could understand, were we the horse ; endeavor- 
 ing by some simple means to work on his understanding, 
 rather than on the different parts of the body. Balk- 
 ing is a habit that is acquired, just the same as kicking, 
 halter pulling, shying or any of the other habits; one 
 repetition after another of bad management will soon 
 confirm them in the habit. Then you have one of the 
 most disagreeable vices that we have to contend with. 
 I am often asked whether I can train a balky horse so 
 that he will not repeat the habit. I tell them that it 
 altogether depends upon the man that is going to use 
 the horse. If the man is not too balky, the horse will 
 have no inclmaTioji to repeat the habit. There are more 
 balky drivers in the countrv than there are balky 
 
 5 
 
(38 BALKING. 
 
 horses. I can break a balky horse for inyself or any- 
 body else to use, that knows how to use horses. Per- 
 haps the first lesson you g^ive the colt will be to hitch 
 it up. and tlicn too, with l^linds on, and say "Gct'np." 
 The colt never having been taught the meaning of the 
 command, -'Get np." will probal)ly stand in its tracks 
 confused^ and will not know what to do. You may 
 even apply the whip after it becomes bothered, and it 
 will stand sullenly, or kick in self defense. Xow 1 
 presume you would say the colt balked. No I there was 
 nothing balked except the man that was handling the 
 colt. Take the colt out of harness; first teach it to 
 * have confidence in you ; next teach the use of the bit and 
 the command "Get up ;'* teach it to turn to the right 
 and left, and the true meaning of the word Whoa! 
 according to our system of "Colt Training.'' Then you 
 will have a colt that has no inclination to balk. As I 
 have given you a few of the many causes for horses 
 balking, and also how to prevent horses from getting 
 confirmed in the habit, I will next give you my course 
 of treatment for a confirmed balker. The balky horse 
 has learned by his past experience and resistance that 
 he can do as he pleases. Hence the first thing we do 
 is to take the conceit out of him, and show hi in that we 
 are master, by our methods of subjection. I would 
 first throw the horse; if he tries to keep on his feet 
 
70 BALKING. 
 
 and resists hard lie should be thrown a number of times. 
 Then let him on his feet, and put on the Double Safety 
 Rope; take the lines back through the shaft bearers 
 of the harness, get behind the horse, take the rope and 
 whip in the right hand, and the lines in the left. Use 
 a guy-line as described under the description of appli- 
 ances; have an assistant stand about fifteen feet in 
 front, a little to the right or left of the horse; just as 
 you give the command to go, hit the horse with the 
 whip, and have your assistant pull on the guy-line at 
 the same time. You will find that it will cause him to 
 move very quickly ; and if he lunges or wants to go too 
 fast, you can hold him in check with the rope. N'ow 
 give him a thorough handling with the Double Safety 
 Rope. Teach him the commands that are necessary 
 for him to know, on the same principle that we teach 
 a colt; except in teaching a balky horse these corh- 
 mands, we use more severity in the action we associate 
 with the command. For instance: When we say Get 
 Up ! we give him a hard stroke with the whip around 
 the hind legs, and have him pulled out with the guy- 
 line; and when we say Whoa! we bring him to his knees, 
 iWe thus teach him that it is no partnership affair; 
 showing: him that Get up ! means to move forward 
 and that Whoa ! means to stop right on the spot. Give 
 him to understand that we are going to have it our 
 
BALKING. 71 
 
 own way all the time. As soon as he becomes sub- 
 missive, and -obeys our commands promptly, we caress 
 and treat him kindly for it. Give him one or two 
 lessons of this subjective treatment before you hitch 
 him up. 
 
 About the third lesson, if the horse balks from 
 any unwillingness to pull, you should put on the breast 
 collar, and attach a rope or strap to the traces, and 
 bring it around your back, and teach him by degrees 
 to pull your weight. The second lesson, if he obeys 
 all of your commands, and draws your weight behind 
 him, he is ready to hitch to a light vehicle. Now, if 
 he obeys you when he is hitched up, be very gentle 
 with him, so he will not get mad; also caress and reward 
 him for doing right; but if he should fail to move after 
 he is hitched up, give him a repetition of the first lesson, 
 viz: Double Safety Eope, Guy-Line, etc. Don't make 
 your lessons more than about one hour in length, and 
 only one in a day, for the first few lessons. Go 
 prepared for the next fifteen or twenty lessons. Pay 
 strict attention to your horse, and do not allow him to 
 resist for that length of time, and you will have a 
 horse that will be anxious to obey every command that 
 you have taught him. If you never fool him, lie to 
 him, or deceive him, he will never forget your teax^hings. 
 If you will properly apply the treatoient above de- 
 
72 BALKING. 
 
 scribed, you will be successful in managing three- 
 fourths of the confirmed balkers. To break horses 
 that have only balked a few times, only lots of patience 
 and good common sense are necessary. 
 
 Anything that will disconcert a balky horse is a 
 step in the right direction. Remember that a horse 
 can think of but one thing at a time. You can very 
 often start a balky horse by going up to him quietly 
 and lifting his front foot and hanmiering on it a few 
 times with a little stone. Let the foot down and he 
 ,will start off all right. The horse would be reminded 
 of being shod; while he is thinking of being shod he 
 is not thinking of balking. Or almost any other little 
 trick that will deter the horse from his purpose will 
 do the work. Sometimes just going to the horse and 
 unbuckling his line, or drop a trace, then hitch them 
 up again, will remind the horse of going to the stable, 
 and he will start when you ask him to go. Taking the 
 blinds off of some balky horses I claim is half of their 
 breaking. Teaching them to have confidence in you, 
 and allowing them to see your movements behind them, 
 will be all that a great many horses need. N"o doubt 
 you have seen horses as soon as they balk turn their 
 heads around. Possibly the horse has been severely 
 punished while the blinds were on, and whenever he 
 stops, he imagines the driver is going to whip him. 
 
BALKING. <l> 
 
 and becomes restless, excited and confused. AVhile if 
 the blinds were off, the horse conld see that you were 
 calm and didn't intend to luirt liiju. If your liorse 
 will not start under ordinary good management, after 
 you have tried kind teacliing and patience to your 
 heart's content, take him out of the shafts, put one 
 ha.nd on the halter, take hold of tlie tail with the 
 other, and whirl him around until he becomes dizzy. 
 If you get dizzy before the horse does, you can make 
 him whirl himself around. Tie a knot in his tail, 
 divide the hair above the knot and run the halter 
 fitrap through and tie in a half hitch knot. Bring the 
 horse's head close to his tail. This causes him to run 
 around in a ring. Keep him whirling tmtil he staggers 
 or nearh' falls down. Pull the end of the strap and 
 reverse the whirling by tying the head and tail together 
 on the opposite side. Then hitch him up quickly and 
 take the lines, ask him to go, and in the majority of 
 cases he will move right off. This has a controlling 
 effect in two ways. In the first place it confuses a 
 horse's ideas, and breaks up his confidence quicker than 
 any process we can subject him to. It also forces him 
 to move; being deficient in his reasoning faculties, he 
 cannot tell the difference in going sideways and straight 
 ahead. Occasionally this method fails; it is best for 
 single balkers. I will give give you a trick that will 
 
74 BALKING. 
 
 be A^erv good for double balkers. You can have it for 
 what it is worth, although I do not practice tricks my- 
 self. Take a piece of rope eighteen feet long, make a 
 slip loop around the balky horse's body just in front of 
 the hips, have the slip loop come on the side nearest 
 the other horse; bring the rope forward and fasten it 
 to the collar of the gentle horse ; have everything ready ; 
 take up the lines and say ''Get up," giving the gentle 
 horse a stroke A\'ith the whip. As he jumps ahead, the 
 rope tightens around the small of the back and flanks 
 of the balky horse ; that causes him to move out of his 
 tracks. By practicing this for a few lessons, you will 
 find that the balky horse will be anxious to start when 
 he hears the command, "Get up!'' To be successful 
 in managing a balky horse, you must first control your 
 own temper, keep cool, do not fly into a passion, but 
 have plenty of patience, and you will come out victor- 
 ious. You will also feel a glow of satisfaction when 
 you have thus obtained a double victory and have not 
 lowered yourself below the dumb beast, but have gained 
 the mastery in a self-respecting way. 
 
SHYING. 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 I shall first give you some of the causes for horses 
 fihying, and also how to prevent them from getting 
 into the habit. I believe in the old sayings "an ounce 
 of prevention is worth a pound of cure.'* The habit of 
 shying is formed on the same principle that the habit of 
 balking is. I claim that the driver always shies, or 
 .gets away from the true principles of horsemanship 
 first. For instance, the driver is driving a nervous, 
 y^oung horse^ and he comes to a stone, stump, log,, or 
 anything else that the horse does not understand, and 
 gets a little frightened at. The first thing the driver 
 thinks of, is to pull out the whip and score him past; 
 and possibly whip him five minutes after he is past the 
 object: and say, "I'll show you how to get scared." 
 Remember, the horse can think of only one thing at a 
 time. 
 
 ISTow while he is eyeing the stone or log, and you are 
 whipping nim, what is it that the horse thinks is hurt- 
 ing him? You would say the whip, but I would say, 
 no! It is the object that he is looking at that inflicts 
 the pain, and the next time you come to the object 
 
HVrNG 
 
SHYING. 
 
 7T 
 
 he will be more afraid of it than he was the first time 
 and will try to get farther away from it. A few 
 repetitions of this kind of treatment will make a first 
 class shyer. Or to allow a horse to go around any 
 object that he is afraid of, without having him examine 
 it, and be convinced that it is harmless, will have 
 almost as bad an effect upon the horse as to punish 
 Avith the whip. This is invarial^ly the way all horses 
 are tauglit to shy. 
 
 Xow, when you have a horse that has been taught 
 to shy, or is confirmed in the habit, it is advisable to 
 lay him down a few times, and introduce to him buffalo ' 
 robes, umbrellas, flags, tin pans, sleigh bells, drums, in 
 fact all the objects and sounds that are liable to 
 frighten horses. After he submits to the treatment 
 while down, then let him on his feet, put on the 
 Double Safety Eope, as described under ^'Subjection,'' 
 and convince him that these objects and sounds that 
 are -liable to frighten him are perfectly harmless. 
 
 Have your assistant hold flags and umbrellas up, 
 and drive the horse under them. Drive him over paper, 
 and right up to the object that he fears most. If he 
 undertakes to shy from them say, AYhoa! pull on the 
 rope and bring him to his knees; hold him there a 
 little while; then let him up^ and draw on the rope 
 just enough to keep his attention, while you rush him 
 
i b SHYING. 
 
 right up to the object^ and let him examine and feel 
 it with his nose. After you have thoroughly subdued 
 the horse by the above process, you may take off the 
 rope and drive him over paper and under flags, etc., 
 with the lines on!}', and treat him kindly until he is 
 cooled off a little; then put him in the stable until next 
 -day; give him two lessons before you hitch him up. 
 About the third lesson you may drive him to a vehicle, 
 with the Double Safety Rope on; or if he is under 
 pretty good control, a single foot strap will be sufficient ; 
 simply run the end of the rope through ring in girth 
 of harness, down through ring in foot strap, up and 
 snap in ring at girth. This will remind him of the 
 Double Safety Eope, and you can control him about 
 as well vnih the single foot strap as you could at first 
 with the Double Safety Rope. Now, when your horse 
 sees an object that he is afraid of, speak to him as 
 though you meant business, something like this : Take 
 care ! It will not hurt you ! Walk right up to it, sir ! 
 at the same time giving him a light stroke with the 
 whip. But do not strike him often, unless it is nec- 
 essary to hold him to his post. As soon as you have 
 driven him up to the object, stop him, get out of the 
 vehicle and caress him ; thus teach him that he will not 
 be harmed when he hears your voice and obeys your 
 commands. In leaving an object that your horse is 
 
SHYING. 
 
 ■79 
 
 
SHYING. 
 
 81 
 
 afraid of, you should never allow him to go faster than 
 a walk. 
 
 By following the above instructions, in a short 
 time you will have a horse that will go nearer the 
 object that he is afraid of, when he hears your voice, 
 instead of shying away from it. I will call your atten- 
 tion to another error that people almost invariably 
 make when driving shying horses: When the horse 
 shies from an object they will pull the lines nearest 
 the object, while they should always pull the oppo- 
 site line first. For instance, if your horse shies at some- 
 thing on the near side, you should pull the off line 
 first. By pulling the line nearest the object, you simply 
 pull the head around to one side, and throw the body 
 further away from the object. When you pull the 
 line on the opposite side it throws the body nearer the 
 object, and brings the head and neck straight with the 
 body. You can never control you horse when his head 
 is twisted around to one side. Always try to keep his 
 head and neck in a straight line with his body. 
 
THE RUNAWAY HORSE IS A MENACE TO EVERYTHING 
 
 AROUND IT. MY METHOD CURES EVEN THE 
 
 MOST CONFIRMED RUNAWAY. 
 
RUNNING AWAY. 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 The habit of running away is nearly always caused 
 by carelessness ;but after horses have run away a time 
 or two they are inclined to run at every opportunity 
 •until they are confirmed in the habit, and then they 
 will not be safe to drive at all. For after they have 
 once learned to know their strength they will run 
 whenever excited, although you may have the severest 
 bits that are made on them. Our treatment for a bad 
 runaway horse is similar to that given a shyer, except 
 it requires more lessons and more severe treatment. 
 ;You should take him on a soft piece of ground anu 
 throw him several times ; then hold him down, and have 
 your helpers to make a racket over and around him. 
 iWhen subduing a horse always be careful that the in- 
 stJTiments you use around him will not hurt him; for 
 instance, while he is lying down, and you are rattling 
 tin pans over his head, if he attempts to rise up and 
 strikes his head against the pans, it would have the same 
 effect upon the horse as if it you had struck him pur- 
 posely. He is not smart enough to know that 
 
84 ItUNMXG AWAY. 
 
 he hurt hhnself. The object in making this racket 
 about him is to teach him that it is harmless and will 
 not hurt him. Next let him on his feet, hang tin pans 
 on his tail, and wave flags and umbrellas over him; 
 drill him thoroughly on the words Steady and Whoa! 
 Teach him that when you say Steady, it means to go 
 slow; and when you say Whoa! it means to stop in- 
 stantly. Of course you must have the Double Safety 
 Rope on. Give him two or three lessons before you 
 hitch him up and make all the racket you can behind 
 him, and make him try to run off. Let him start to 
 run off, and then say Steady, pull on the Safety Eope, 
 and make him go slow; then say Whoa! and bring him 
 to his knees. After you have taught him the words 
 Steady, and Whoa! and he is submissive, you can take 
 off the appliances. But carry the Double Safety Rope 
 with you for a week or ten days and whenever he shows 
 any inclination to run off, get right out and put the 
 rope on again, and make him run. Show him in this 
 way that you can control his running as you please. 
 Keep him under complete subjection for a week, and 
 you will overcome all inclinations to run away. I have 
 handled runaway horses in this way, and tested them se 
 hard that they became gentler while driving them in a 
 run than in 'a slow gait. As soon as they heard the 
 word Steady, they slackened their pace immediately. 
 
RUNNING AAVAY. 85 
 
 and when they heard Whoa! they stopped so 
 quick that they fairly slide on their hind feet. 
 Drivers don't talk to their horses enough; when their 
 horses start to run off they pull on the lines and keep 
 still, while if they would talk to them they could get 
 them quiet before the horse would get the advantage 
 of theim. I will give you the best way to stop a run- 
 away horse with a straight bar bit : As soon as you see 
 that he has the advantage of you; and is determined to 
 run off, let him run for ten or fifteen rods; then pull 
 in steady on the lines. Now hold the left hand perfectly 
 still, and give a powerful jerk with the right hand. 
 Give the command Whoa! at the same time, and if you 
 will repeat the jerk and command once, you will in- 
 variably stop your horse. It surprises and disconcerts 
 him quicker than any other process you could use with 
 the lines. By the old process of sea-sawing with the 
 lines, you have but little more power over the 
 horse than just pulling on the lines. If the horse has a 
 very blunt, hard mouth, it would be advisable to train 
 the mouth with the First Form War bridle; that will 
 give you friction in the mouth, ,and you can soon make 
 it flexible to an easy bit. There are more horses taught 
 to pull or lug on the bit by the use of severe bits, than 
 from any other cause. A horse of that kind should be 
 drilled thoroughly on the words Steady and Whoal 
 
86 
 
 RUNNING AWAY. 
 
 TEen use as easy a bit as there is made. A straight bar 
 bit, wound with leather, or a rubber bit would be pref- 
 erable. Any horse can be educated to drive to an easy 
 bit, and that is the way they should be driven. I know 
 fanners who break their colts with severe bits, and they 
 cannot be used with easy bits, simply because their 
 mouths have been trained and accustomed to severe 
 bits. 
 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 
 \ 
 
BAD TO SHOE. 
 
 CHAPTEE VII. 
 
 The habit of resisting having the feet taken up 
 and submitted to restraint for shoeing is like most 
 other habits to which the horse is subject, caused bj 
 ignorant, bad treatment. By a little patience, it is 
 seldom that the most sensitive colt cannot be made 
 to submit the feet to be handled and pounded upon 
 as desired. And once done, it can always be done, 
 ■unless there is some special cause for disturbance. 
 
 There are some horses that are so wild and nery- 
 ous that they will resist any ordinary good manage- 
 ment. When we have horses of this kind, or horses 
 that are old or confirmed in the habit, it will be 
 necessary to use some of our methods of subjection. 
 Our treatment for a horse extremely bad to shoe is bm 
 follows : 
 
 Put the Pulley Breaking Bridle on the horse 
 as described under Subjection, and while the pressure 
 is on, if his hind feet are bad to shoe, buckle 
 a foot strap with a ring in it around the 
 
BAD TO SHOE. 89 
 
 foot below the fetlock; next tie a knot in the 
 horse's tail; take a rope eight feet long, and make 
 slip loop in one end of it; draw this slip loop around 
 the tail above the knot, and bring the other end 
 through the ring at foot. This gives 3'OU a double 
 purchase on the foot. If he is a kicker he will not make 
 many kicks with this appliance on, as the foot would 
 just be carried back on the cord that you hold in 
 your hand; also the pressure and weight of the foot 
 comes directly on the tail. This is the simplest and 
 easiest way of managing a kicking horse or colt, bad 
 to shoe. Pull the foot backwards and forwards at 
 Bhort intervals until it will be given back freely; and 
 when given freedorn, it will be rested upon the toe, 
 with the muscles relaxed. ISTow step to the side of 
 the horse, and pull the foot forward a number of times, 
 until perfectly submissive. Then hammer on the foot a 
 /ittle; after all this is submitted to, you should remove 
 the pressure and continue handling the foot when 
 the pressure is off and the head is free. The other 
 hind foot must be handled in the same way. As men- 
 tioned before, making one foot or meimber of the body 
 gentle and submissive to be handled, will give no assur- 
 ance that the other parts will be submissive. 
 
 Should the horse be bad to shoe in front, put the 
 Pulley Bridle on; you can strap the front foot up to the 
 
90 
 
 BAP TO SHOE. 
 
• RAJ) TO SHOE. 91 
 
 surcingle or girth of harness, and lead him around a 
 few steps on three legs. As soon as he finds that it is 
 impossible for him to get his foot down, he will give up. 
 Eemove the pressure and continue to handle the foot 
 by rubbing the leg and pounding on the foot 
 
 How often when in blacksmith shops and livery 
 stables, do we see men go to a horse to take his front 
 foot up by either hammering on the shins or pulling on 
 the fetlock; that is a very bad way to take up the foot. 
 If it is the near front foot that you want taken up, 
 simply put j^our left hand on the horse's shoulder and 
 press against it a little; this throws the weight of the 
 horse on the opposite side, and the near foot will almost 
 come up of its own accord. How simple, yet how 
 many have ever thoug-ht of it. All ordinary cases bad 
 to shoe will submit in fr.m ten to fifteen minutes. 
 Always use the foot strap and rope in connection with 
 this method of subjection. 
 
 If you have a horse that is not vicious in his re- 
 sistance, all that is necessary is to put the 
 First Form A\'ar Bridle on, and give him a few pulls 
 to the right and left, or if that is not severe enough, 
 put on the Pulley Bridle, and jerk him a few times 
 with that, and he will submit readily to have his feet 
 handled. I think it is an imposition upon the black- 
 smiths for farmers to take their colts into a black- 
 
92 
 
 BAB TO SHOE, 
 
 smith's shop and have the smith handle the colt's feet 
 the first time. When first taken to the shop for the 
 purpose of being shod,, the hammering and flying of 
 
 AS THE FOOT WILL BE IlESTED ON THE TOE WHEN 
 SUBMISSIVE. 
 
 sparks will greatly excite the colt, so that when you 
 go back to take its foot the noise and sparks will cause 
 it to think that you are going to hurt it; while if the 
 colt's feet had been lifted up and pounded 
 upon before taking .it to the shop, you would have no 
 trouble in shoeing him. The majority of colts will 
 
BAD TO SHOE, 
 
 98 
 
94 
 
 BAD TO SHOE. 
 
BAD TO SHOE. 06 
 
 resist some when you first undertake to handle their 
 feet, "but if you can get them to submit to their feet 
 being handled, through gentleness and caresses, it will 
 have just as good an effect on them as if you would 
 have to use coercive or subjective treatment to get 
 them to submit. Should the colt resist too much to 
 handle it in this way, put the Pulley bridle on, pull it 
 right and left a few times, then buckle a foot strap 
 around the hind leg below the fetlock joint; take 
 an ordinary hitching strap and snap one end into the 
 ring in foot strap. Now have your assistant keep the 
 colt's attention with the cord while you take the strap 
 and pull the foot back and forwards until the muscles 
 become relaxed. At first there will usually be great 
 resistance. The horse may kick or pull the foot for- 
 wards with all his might. But no matter how much he 
 may resist at first, it will be no indication of failure. 
 Simply keep pulling the foot back at short intervals 
 imtil there is no resistance. A sure indication of un- 
 conditional submission, will be when the foot is given 
 freedom to be rested on the toe. The foot will now 
 be ready to shoe without any further trouble. Treat 
 the opposite foot in the same manner. To give an 
 idea of the power of this treatment when properly 
 applied, I will refer to its effect upon one or two cases 
 that I handled. While instructing a class at Kessler 
 
96 
 
 BAD TO SHOE. 
 
 i'^ ^ 
 
BAD TO SHOE. 
 
 or 
 
 Station^ Ohio, there was an eighteen year old mare 
 brought in to have her feet handled. She had never 
 been shod bnt two or three times in front, and had 
 never been shod bnt once behind, and that time she 
 had to be held fiat down by six men to have the shoe 
 put on. Since that time she could not be shod at all, 
 and she almost became unmanageable whenever she 
 would come near a blacksmith': shop. I applied the 
 pressure on the spinal cord for about fifteen minutes 
 then removed the roll and put the Excelsior bridle 
 on, and gave her a few pulls with that, after which 
 I could handle her feet with ease. I told the class 
 I would have her shod the next day, and if any body 
 wanted to see her shod they were welcome to do so, 
 but didn't think that there would be but very few out 
 to see her shod. To my surprise nearly seventy-five 
 men came out to see the performance. Some of them 
 came as far as six miles. I gave her a slight repeti- 
 tion of the previous treatment, when she stood right 
 in her tracks to have four shoes put on. Another ex- 
 tremely bad case was an eight year old sorrel horse 
 that was brought to me at Tippecanoe City, 0., for the 
 purpose of having his feet handled. This horse aa 
 soon as he would get into a shop would commence 
 kicking; before even being touched he would kick the 
 ground behind him with all the force he had. I sup- 
 
98 
 
 BAD TO SHOE. 
 
BAD TO SHOE. 99 
 
 posed that there was something stinging or hurting 
 him, and made a remark to that effect. The black- 
 smith looked at me and laughed a little, as much as 
 to say "that is the kind of hair-pin he is.'' Tlie horse 
 had been abused so often in trying to have him shod 
 that he would get vicious without being touched. I 
 applied the roll and in about fifteen minutes I had him 
 convinced that I was not going to tear his lea" off, and 
 he stood perfectly quiet to be shod. Some horses will 
 allow the foot to be taken up, but lean over on the 
 blacksmith whilej.t is being held. We treat this habit 
 practically the same as for horses that resist the feet 
 being taken up. Usually a" sharp lesson with the 
 Pulley bridle, repeating it every time he attempts 
 to lean over, until he learns to stand without being 
 held up, will be all that will be required. It is advis- 
 able to stand at the head while somebody else takes 
 up the foot as if to shoe; just as the horse begins to 
 lean over, give him a jerk with the cord. The point 
 of success is to apply just while in the act of resisting. 
 
lOO 
 
 HALTER PULLING. 
 
HALTER PULLING. 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 This is a disagreeable habit that horses very easily 
 acquire when they are not properly hitched the first 
 few times. Once started to breaking straps there is 
 increased inclination to do so until the habit becomes 
 fixed. A horse subject to this habit may stand all 
 right when not excited, but will be ready to almost 
 break his neck in the attempt to pull loose, should a 
 piece of paper or a sudden sound come before him. 
 It is easy enough to hitch a horse so that he cannot 
 get loose, but the difficulty is, in bad cases, to prevent 
 and break up the habit, so there will be no inclinatioa 
 to repeat it. About the only plan that people know for 
 hitching their colts so they cannot get away is, to put 
 on them a heavy halter, so heavy that it would be im- 
 possible for them to break it if they were hitched t© 
 it with the other end, by the traces. While this will 
 work all right upon some colts, it is a very improper 
 way of hitching, for others. I have known of colta 
 pulling so hard upon halters as to make the neck stiff. 
 
102 HALTER PULLING. 
 
 deforming and spoiling them, and in some instances 
 killing themselves, by dislocating the neck. The point 
 is to hitch the colt in a way that will induce the least 
 inclination to pull, and when it does pull it cannot get 
 loose, strain or otherwise injure itself. 
 
 Take a rope eighteen feet long, (half inch rope 
 that will not stretch much is the best,) make an 
 ordinary slip noose around the colt's body, bring the 
 end between the front legs, up through the halter ring 
 and tie to a strong post or hitching rack. Then make 
 a little racket in front of it and cause it to pull back. 
 It will not any more than get back until it will be up 
 to the rack again. After it has tried it two or three 
 times it will not pull any more, and the more racket 
 you make the closer to the rack it will get. I should 
 have stated in the chapter on Colt Ti'aining that this 
 treatment should be applied before hitching the colt up, 
 about the third or fourth lesson. After giving the colt 
 two lessons of this kind it will be safe to hitch on the 
 street with, a light strap. While this hitch alone will 
 be sufficient to hold the worst halter puller, yet- it mil 
 not be sufficient to wholly overcome the habit. To 
 break the bad, sullen pidlers, or those confirmed in the 
 habit, requires very good management. In the first 
 place, you should have a good, strong halter on the 
 horse, and hitch to a strong hitching rack, where it 
 
HALTER PULLING. 
 
 103 
 
 ^:4 ___ 
 
104 HALTER PULLING. 
 
 will give you ample room to work on the opposite side 
 of the rack. Now bring out your "Horse fiddles/' cow 
 bells, tin pans, and sleigh bells, and make all the racket 
 in front of him you can; you may also introduce to him 
 buffalo robes, umbrellas, paper, and flags. The secret 
 ©f this hitch is that when he pulls, the loop draws 
 so tight around his body that it hurts him so that it is 
 impossible for him to pull long. The harder he pulls, 
 the more it hurts him across the back. But should he 
 be of that sullen disposition that he would set back and 
 pull on the rope without ceasing, it will be necessary 
 to use a little limber lashed whip across the end of his 
 nose. Usually within about four or five strokes Mr. 
 Horse gets tired of pulling, and he will spring into the 
 air and light some place close to the hitching rack. 
 Continue the racket and wave the flag over his head, 
 being very careful not to allow any of the devices 
 which you use to make him pull back, to cause pain. 
 He will probably go back once or twice more; after 
 that he will stay right up to the rack. As soon as he 
 comes up, stop the racket, and caress and treat him 
 kindly. Let him examine the instrument that made 
 the noise, and feel the robes, flags, etc., and be con- 
 vioced that they are harmless; thus teach him that 
 the correction is for his pulling, and that he is reward- 
 ed and treated kindly for standing up to the rack. Give 
 
HALTEU PULLING. 105 
 
 the horse one lesson a day for four or five days and 
 you will have a horse that you cannot make break a 
 tow string. In breaking this habit, it would be almost 
 fatal to success to let the horse feel that he could 
 resist at any point. No possible chances for defeat 
 should be taken. As before explained, in ordinary 
 cases all that is necessary is to hitch in this way, and 
 frighten back a little, at first by whatever excites him, 
 until he refuses to go back, when all inclination to 
 pull is overcome; when in serious cases, a sharp stroke 
 with a whip will be necessary. Always hitch the horse 
 first where he has been in the habit of resisting most, 
 or as near there as possible. You should never hitch 
 him first where you cannot, if necessary, touch him 
 with the whip. When he goes back correct him in- 
 stantly. When he jumps forward, make a noise, wave 
 flags over his head, or something of the kind, but do 
 not strike him with the whip, or hurt him with the 
 things you make racket with. The horse should be 
 hitched this way at several different places, and he may, 
 when left alone, try to pull again once or twice, but 
 this will only fix the impression the stronger, until 
 he will give up the contest. It does no good to treat 
 a horse just enough to make him stand quietly when 
 not excited or frightened. To overcome all inclina- 
 tion to pull back, he must be handled in such a manner 
 
lOG HALTER Pi;LL!N(r. 
 
 as to niake liim stand quietly, regardless of any of the 
 usual causes of excitement. Unless tins can be done, 
 the horse cannot be trusted to be hitched in the street 
 or any place v.iiere exposed to any cause of fear. Some- 
 times, we have horses that will stand all right when 
 hitched I)}- tne halter^ but will break the bridle every 
 time they are hitched with it. To treat a bridle jjuller, 
 have what we call a chin strap. A strap about four 
 inches long with a ring in the middle of it^ and a snap 
 at each end; snap these snaps into the rings at each 
 side of the bridle bit. Xow bring the halter pulling 
 rope throu^uh the ring in chin strap. When pulling 
 now, it will keep the bridle on straight, and what little 
 pressure there is on the bridle comes directly on top 
 of the head, without ptilling the bit lengthwise through 
 the mouth. Treat the same as halter-pullers. This 
 chin strap is a very good thing to hitch a colt with, 
 until he gets accustomed to being hitched with the 
 bridle, as it will not be aggravated by pttUing the bit 
 through the mouth- By following the above instritc- 
 tions, and exercising patience, common sense, and good 
 judgment, you will have no trouble in breaking the 
 worst halter-pullers. We have other 'remedies for 
 halter-pullers, but none so safe and reliable as the one 
 described, and for that reason I shall not describe 
 any other. 
 
DESCRIPTION OF APPLIANCES. 
 
 CHAPTEE IX. 
 
 Often when I visit a town a second tinie^ the re- 
 mark is made that Mr. , a scholar of mine, got 
 
 his money back quick enough after' you left town, 
 handling horses for his neighbors with quite good 
 success. 
 
 The same thing applies to you. -With my book 
 and my appliances and Submissive Pulley Bridle you 
 •can easil}^ correct any fault in your own or your neigh- 
 bors' horses, and you could often make more than your 
 "whole outlay; for their horses arc made just that much 
 more valuable, either to themselves or to those to 
 whom they may sell them. It makes SELLI^^G 
 easier and MOKE PROFITBLE. 
 
 The following occurrence shows the PEA OTIC AL 
 VALUE of my appliances used in connection with the 
 methods described in this book. 
 
 You are at liberty to write to these • gentlemen 
 ^nd ascertain for yourself that the facts are just as 
 stated. 
 
 Mr. H. C. Blackford, of Eaton, Ohio, one of my 
 former pupils who had been in my class there, says 
 that his having joined my class was the means of his 
 making OXE HUNDEEI) DOLLAES on one horse. 
 
K)8 APPLIANCES. 
 
 His son-in-law. Dr. Pryor, had a young hor«.e that 
 accidentally ran away with him, after whicli it took four 
 men to hitch her up and she again ran away and tore 
 things to pieces. 
 
 Dr. Pryor then said he would not hitch her up 
 again under ANY circumstances, and said that Mr. 
 Blackford could have her. Mr. Blackford said that 
 he used my appliances on her, and in TWO OR THREE 
 LESSONS he made her PERFECTLY TRACTABLE, 
 and sold her for One Hundred Dollars. 
 
 The VERY METHODS that he used with such 
 splendid success are fully and comprehensive!}^ describ- 
 ed in this book of mine, and you can be just as suc- 
 cessful in other eases as he Avas in this one, if you own 
 a set of my appliances and read and put into practice 
 the instructions so plainly given in the book. 
 
 For years I have been besieged with inquiries in re- 
 gard to my different appliances. I have previously de- 
 scribed them in my book but have decided not to do so in 
 this one, as it has been found that the average harnes* 
 maker could not make them properly without having 
 the actual -harness to go by. And even then it was 
 ahnost impossible for them to make the Foot Straps 
 so they would not chafe the horse's feet. The Sur- 
 cingle would frequently be made of poor or unsuitable 
 material, and the Knee Pads could not be made so 
 they would keep their place while bringing a vicious 
 horse to his knees. 
 
 For these reasons, I have decided not to attempt 
 to describe them, but to have each appliance made 
 
APPLIANCES. lOf^ 
 
 of the right kind of material and in the most 
 approved and scientific manner, after my latest per- 
 fected models, and keep them in stock ready to sell 
 at a reasonable price. 
 
 I have contracted to have these appliances made 
 in large quantities, so that I am able not only to of- 
 fer them to you made up more correctly than you would 
 in most cases be able to have them made yourself, but 
 buying them in quantities, I am naturallv able to 
 offer them to you at a lower price than it would cost 
 you to have a single set or appliance made up. 
 
 I examine all material and appliances before ship- 
 ping them and I personally guarantee them to be 
 fully satisfactory to every one ordering them. 
 
 THE BEERY SURCINGLE. 
 
 This surcingle is made of the best of leather, sev- 
 &n feet long, adjustable on both sides so that it can be 
 made to fit a small pony, or be lengthened out to fit a 
 horse weighing over a ton. It is well padded (stuffed 
 with hair) in a manner to shield the back, and also pre- 
 vents the surcingle from slipping sideways. 
 
 Directly on top of surcingle is placed a mounting 
 hold, which is used in riding a fractious colt, or horse 
 of any kind. 
 
 It has ten rings substantially sewed on it, that are 
 so arranged as to allow all the other attachments to be 
 quickly snapped into it for the different purposes for 
 which it may be used; such as for the double-safety 
 
110 APPLIANCES. 
 
 rope, throwing purposes, bad to shoe and the ,"qnick 
 harness"' attachments, etc. 
 
 More depends upon your success by having thu ap- 
 pliances made correctly than any other one thing. I 
 am prepared to supply all appliances needed in my 
 methods of subduing and training. 
 
 Every one who raises colts, or handles horses in 
 any way, needs the following named appliances : Sur- 
 cingle, foot straps, knee pads, safety rope, halter, guy 
 line and throwing outfit. By addressing me at 
 Pleasant Hill, Ohio, you can obtain a little book, free 
 of charge, which gives a list of all appliances and costs. 
 
 THE LEG STRAP 
 
 Used in strapping the fore leg up should be made of 
 good leather also. It should be about two inches wide, 
 and about three feet and a half long, with a good, 
 strong keeper on under side from buckle, to put the end 
 of strap through and make a slip loop around the foot 
 below the pastern joint. Lift the foot up, bring the 
 end of strap over surcingle, and buckle. 
 
 THE THROV^'ING HALTER 
 
 Is made with strong head stall and brow band, 
 with nose piece buckled rather close back of jaw. When 
 this simple rig is on the horse, any boy or amateur can 
 throw him with safety, by taking a cord fifteen feet 
 long, fasten one end to ring on the back, bring down on 
 oS side through halter rings back through ring four or 
 five inches to the off side of ring on back; then hold the 
 end of cord in your hand, and' stand four or five feet in 
 
AF'PLIANCEP. Ill 
 
 front of the horse, a little to the off side. Xow pull 
 on the cord. This will draw his head to his side, which 
 will throw him off his balance, and bring him over in 
 a rolling motion. 
 
 FOOT STRAPS. 
 
 The ordinary Foot Straps used to be made large 
 to avoid friction, but this is unnecessary in my improv- 
 ed Foot Straps, which are properly padded, thus avoid- 
 ing this bulkiness and cI amsiness. This shows the de- 
 sirability, if you use Foot Straps at all, of buying the 
 very best to be had. 
 
 These Foot Straps are made adjustable so as to fit 
 both large and small horses — and fit them right, too. 
 They are padded in such a manner as to avoid hurting 
 the horse's feet. They are made to fit on the front 
 feet below the pastern joints and are to be used mth 
 the Double Safety Eope. By buckling them around 
 the legs above the knees, they will be applicable for 
 fence jumpers and pawing in the stable, being an ef- 
 fectual remedy for these bad habits. 
 
 THE KNEE PADS. 
 
 The Knee Paa3 are AL^YAYS of the very 
 best so as to not injure the horse when you bring him 
 to his knees, and they should always be used with the 
 Double Safety Eope. 
 
 It has cost me much time and money — more than 
 any other of my appliances — to perfect a Knee Pad 
 
il2 APPLIANCES. 
 
 that would STAY on the knees and not slip down. In 
 almost every plan invented or devised, by harness mea 
 or any one else, the pads would invariably slip down. 
 But I have now succeeded in perfecting a pattern that 
 entirely avoids the annoyance and danger of having the 
 Knee Pads continually slipping dow^n. 
 
 They are PKOPERLY cupped, padded and shaped 
 in such a anner as to fully protect and STICK right 
 to the knees, no matter what the horse's resistance. 
 This makes a pad that will be flexible to the knee when 
 the leg is bent, and when THESE pads, or protectors, 
 are on your horse, you can bring him on his knees on 
 the pike or very hard ground without bruising his 
 knees. However, it is advisable to bring him on his 
 knees, the first few times, on ground that is free from 
 stones or rubbish, after which he ^dll try very hard to 
 keep on his feet^ and if he does come down^ it will be 
 without much force. 
 
 THE DOUBLE SAFETY ROPE 
 
 Is a half inch cotton rope eighteen feet long. 
 There is no ro])e that will slip through the rings as 
 easily as a cotton one; and on account of its being so 
 pliable, it will wear much longer than any other rope. 
 By having a snap at one end of the rope, it can be put 
 on very quick. First, run the end with ' snap on 
 through the olT ring in surcingle underneath the body, 
 
API'IJANCES. \iZ 
 
 down through off foot strap ring, up through other ring 
 in surcingle, down and snap into ring of near foot strap. 
 
 GUY LINE. 
 
 This is an especially strong strap, sixteen feet 
 long, especiall}" used for concjuering BALKEIiS and 
 STUBBORN horses. It is arranged with three rings 
 near the end, which has a snap in it. The snap is tak- 
 en over the neck and snapped into one of these rings, 
 making a stationary loop around the neck, brought 
 down and made into a half-hitch around the lower jaw. 
 
 This line is to be used in the management of 
 bftlkers and horses that will not turn to the right or 
 left, or to master them when they ha^e the habit of 
 turning down certain alleys or streets that you don't 
 (Wire to go. An assistant then stands about ten feet 
 in front of the horse, and a little to the right or left, 
 and pulls in unison with the operator of lines and the 
 Double Saftey Rope. 
 
 All that is necessary is to give him a hard puii 
 right in the act of resistance. You will only need t© 
 use this Guy Line a few times when used properly, 
 until he will yield readily to the touch of the rein. 
 Frequently we have taken . balkers, weighing fifteen 
 hundred } -iinds, right out of their tracks, eight or ten 
 f-eet, the first pull. 
 
 There is something powerful about this simple 
 device, that I have never been able to fully explain, 
 yet it is equal to all emergencies. 
 
114 APPLIANCErs. 
 
 THE HALTER PULLING ROPE 
 
 Should be a very strong half inch rope, eighteen feet 
 long. It should be a pliable rope, yet one that would 
 not stretch much. 
 
 THE CHIN STRAP 
 
 Is made with a heavy piece of leather, about four inches 
 long, with a ring in the middle, and a good snap sewed 
 into each end of it. This is to be snapped into the 
 bridle rings. For bridle pullers, run the halter pulling 
 rope through ring in chin strap, instead of halter ring. 
 It will also be good to have it attached to bridle, when 
 hitching colts the first time by the bridle; it will pull 
 the same on each side of the bridle, hen-ce will not ex- 
 cite the colt by pulling the bit length^vise through its 
 mouth. 
 
 TO MAKE THE SECOND FORM WAR BRIDLE 
 
 I prefer leading a horse by the side of the vehicle for 
 several reasons. When he is behind the vehicle, you 
 have to twist your neck nearly off to see how he is com- 
 ing on. He will be unable to see the chuck holes, and 
 he will have to come stumbling through them, and 
 possibly bump himself often against the vehicle; 
 when by the side of you he can see where he is 
 stepping, and you can manage him without 
 twisting around in the seat to see him. One man can 
 drive, and lead a horse in this way about as well as if 
 he had only the one horse, for. once teaching a horse 
 to lead with this cord, he will never forget it. He will 
 
API'LIANTES. 115 
 
 always stay up to his place. In using an} of the cord 
 bridles, you should loop the cord over a stick about as 
 large around as your thumb, and four or five inches 
 long, about the distance from the head that it will be 
 most convenient to use, to prevent burning or chaf- 
 ing the hands. 
 
 SAFETY LINES. 
 
 Put an over check on your horse, with a ring in 
 it just back of ears. Take a cord eighteen feet long, 
 run one end of it through ring in surcingle at one side 
 of the horse, through ring of the bridle bit, back 
 through nng at top of surcingle, for ward and snap into 
 ring of over check. Next, take another cord th^ same 
 length, and put on opposite side in the same manner. 
 Step behind and take the cords for lines. You then 
 haye a powerful purchase on his head with these lines, 
 which will be good to teach a stubborn horse to stop at 
 word of command. By pulling on these lines the head 
 is elevated straight into the air. 
 
 But as I have before said, no more severity should 
 Ic used than is required in order to secure obedience. 
 When that is done some sign of approval should at 
 once be given. 
 
PROMISCUOUS VICES. 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 HOW TO PREVENT A HORSE JUMPING FENCES. 
 
 Put on him a surcingle with a ring in the bottom 
 of it, and buckle a foot strap around each leg, aboA'e 
 the knee. Xext take a strap or short rope, fasten one 
 end of it to the ring in off foot strap, bring the other 
 end of it through the ring in surcingle and fasten to 
 ring in foot strap on the near leg. You should have 
 the strap drawn just tight enough so that the horse can 
 walk his natural gait. If it is to be applied on a real 
 bad jumper, it might be necessary to make it a little 
 tighter, so that he cannot take quite full steps. When 
 this simple appliance is on your horse, he can lie down 
 and get up, eat, or do anything but run fast or jump. 
 This is the best, most reliable, and safest remedy that 
 has ever been devised for fence jumpers. 
 
 HOW TO PREVENT A HORSE KICKING AGAINST THE 
 SIDE OF THE STALL. 
 
 Take a piece of elastic about an inch and a half 
 wide, sew a buckle on one end of it, and buckle aroimd 
 
PROMISCUOUS VICES. 
 
 UT 
 
118 PROMISCUOUS VICES. 
 
 his leg Just above the hock joint. When the horse liftfi 
 his leg to kick, the leader expands; his attention is 
 drawn to the elastic and he fails to kick. A horse ca» 
 only think of one thing at a time ; while he is wonder- 
 ing what is drawing around his leg, he is diverted from 
 ills purpose and the kicking will cease. A horse wiU 
 not kick against the stall unless he can hear a noise 
 when the foot strikes the boards. Another simple rem- 
 edy is to pad the stall with something so that he can- 
 not hear the foot strike. Take a piece of old carpet uatl 
 tack on the sides of the stall and put straw between it 
 and the stall will be sufficient. These remedies art 
 very simple but they will do the work. 
 
 HOW TO PREVENT A HORSE FROM PAWING IN STAIA. 
 
 Buckle a foot strap around the front leg above th« 
 knee with the ring in front; take a block about tea 
 inches long and two inches wide, buckle a strap around 
 the middle of it and fasten to ring in foot strap so that 
 it wUl hang about five inches below the knee. When 
 the hore attempts to paw, this block will strike him on 
 the shins. He vrill not make more than a few attempts 
 to paw. 
 
 HOW TO PREVENT A HORSE FROM GETTING FAST IN 
 STALL. 
 
 This troublesome vice is usually caused by being- 
 
PROMISCUOrs VICES. 
 
 119 
 
120 PROMISCUOUS VICES. 
 
 confined in a stall that is too small. When the horse 
 rolls and turns upon his back, he is so cramped by 
 the narrow walls of the stall, that he can not roll him- 
 self back to get up. For the convenience of the horse, 
 and man too, you should always have wide stalls. A 
 small ring should be stitched to the top part of the hal- 
 ter; take a small rope and attach to a beam or some- 
 thing directly above his shoulders when he is eating 
 out of the manger; have a snap in one end of it, and 
 snap it into ring sewed in halter. Feed him some 
 grain from the floor about where he stands with his 
 front feet. Have the rope long enough so that his 
 nose will just reach the floor; of course have him tied 
 with the halter as ordinarily. This will allow him to 
 eat, lie down, and get up, but he can not put the top of 
 his head down to the floor so that he can roll. A 
 horse will not get fast in a stall unless he tries to roll. 
 By having a snap in the cord or rope that is attached 
 above the horse, when you want to take him out of 
 the stall, all you will have to do will be to unsnap the 
 rope. 
 
 HOW TO PREVENT A HORSE PUTTING HIS TONGUE OUT 
 OF MOUTH OVER THE BIT. 
 
 Take a straight bar bit, and file about three inches 
 of the middle of it nearly flat, so that when you sew a 
 piece of sole leather over it, it will not turn. Have the 
 sole leather come straight back in the horse's moutli 
 over the tongue. The leather should be about three 
 
PROMISCUOUS VTCEB. 
 
 121 
 
122 PKOMI?CU0r3 VICK?. 
 
 \ 
 
 inches wide at the bit, and extend Lack in the mouth 
 about throe inches, tapering to a point. He cannot get 
 the tongue back far enough to get it over this leather. 
 It is a much better remedy than the bits that are made 
 witli metal pJates on them; it is not so disagreeable for 
 a horse to liave in his moutii. 
 
 A PULLER OR LUGGER ON THE BIT. 
 
 In a majority of cases remove the blinds and 
 overcheck fmm the bridle and put on the Beery bit. 
 It may be i ecessary in order to break up the habit, 
 to give th<^ horse a few lessons on the words "Steady" 
 and "Wlina." By attaching the lines in the small 
 rings of the bit tlie horse can be taught that the 
 word 'Steady'" means to go slow, and "Whoa" 
 means to stop right there This bit has a control- 
 ing influence not to be found in any other bit. 
 
 HORSE THAT WILL NOT BACK. 
 
 Put on liim a surcingle; then put on the Pulley 
 Bridle under the ordinaiy bridle and take the lines 
 back through the ring in surcingle. Have your assist- 
 ant take a firm hold of the lines, while you take the 
 oord and stand on the near side of the horse, about the 
 shoulders, and just as you give the command *^Back" 
 give a sharp pull with the Pulley Bridle. If he only 
 goes back a few inches, let up on the cord and caress 
 him for it. By repeating this a few times your horse 
 will go backward as soon as he hears the command 
 "Back." 
 
PROMISCUOUS VICES. 1l>8 
 
 Another good way of teaching a horse to back will 
 be to put on him a surcingle and my Combination 
 Bridle, made as follows : Take a stout woven sash cord 
 thirty-six feet long, and put the middle of it in the 
 horse's mouth; make an ordinaiy slip knot, put the fore- 
 fop through it, and draw the knot tight. Take both 
 ends over the head between the ears; and bring one end 
 down on each side of neck, just back of jowls, twist the 
 ends together three or four times, bring each end for- 
 ward through cord in mouth, on each side of mouth, 
 take the ends back through rings in surcingle and 
 <;arry them back behind the horse, for lines. You then 
 have a combination of bridle and lines; you can guide 
 a horse as well with this cord as you could with any 
 bit. Xow, to teach him to back, simply bring the lines 
 or ends of the cord, forward, while they are through 
 the rings of ihe surcingle. Stand in front of him, take 
 a short hold of the lines just in front of his breast. 
 Say Back I and immediately give sharp raking pull 
 with the cords; this will force him back. Eepeat until 
 he will step back at command. 
 
 TO BREAK THE HABIT OF RUNNING BACK^\'ARDS. 
 
 Put on the horse the Double Safety Eope, and tell 
 him to back. After he has backed a few steps, say 
 Whoa I pull on the rope and bring him on his knees. 
 Thus teach him that Whoa I means to stop, whether 
 he is going backwards or forwards. If you will carry 
 the Double Safety Rope with you for a few trips, and 
 
124 
 
 PKOKISCUOUS VICES, 
 
PROMISCUOUS VICES. 125 
 
 upon every occasion that your horse wants to go back- 
 wards, put this rope on and bring him on his knees, you 
 will soon have the habit of runing backwards overcome. 
 
 HOW TO BREAK BITERS. 
 
 If the horse is not confirmed in the habit, all that 
 is necessary is to put on the Pulley Breaking Bridle and 
 not let him know it is on, and when he makes an at- 
 tempt to bite, give him a few jerks with the cord. 
 Give him a few lessons of this kind, and that is all that' 
 is needed. But if he is an old, confirmed biter, you 
 will have to resort to the following plan: Put on him 
 a surcingle and halter, tie up near front ^oot and throw 
 him down several times; while he is down give his 
 mouth a thorough handling. Next, put on ^he Pulley 
 Breaking Bridle; when he attempts to bite, pull him 
 right and left, open his mouth, give him all the oppor- 
 tunity to bite you can, thus show him that you are 
 master, and you are not afraid of him. A very good 
 way to manage bad biting and striking stallions or any 
 other horses that have this habit, is to bluf! them with 
 powder. I use a thirt3-eight caliber revolver loaded 
 vfiih blank cartridges. When the horse comes toward 
 you, striking or making an attempt to bite, you dis- 
 charge the revolver in front of him; tliis blufi's him 
 and causes him to think his vicious act caused the ex- 
 plosion. By doing this a few times you will have him 
 convinced that you are not afraid of him. The horse 
 is a close observer, and the instant you show any fear 
 
12^ PROMISCUOUS VICES. 
 
 around a biting horse, that quickl}' will he take advan- 
 tage of you. There is not one vicious horse out of 
 fifty that cannot be bluffed by simply standing still un- 
 til he gets within four or five feet of you, then instantly 
 raise your hand in front of you and hollo. Whoa I He 
 will stop so quick that he will almost fall down. A 
 horse is not like a hog. If you stand in front of a hog 
 and don't give way, it will surely run over you, or un- 
 der you rather, but a horse will not do this if you will 
 stand your ground ; but if you show signs of being 
 afraid of him, by moving backwards or running away 
 from him, it would be very natural for him to know 
 that he had bluffed you instead of you bluffing him. 
 To break a stallion from biting his mate when hitched 
 double, put oik him a Second Form War Bridle, carry- 
 it back to the wagon, not letting him know that it is on 
 until he is ready to make a pass at the other horse; 
 then give him a powerful jerk with the cord and give 
 him a touch with the whip, and say "Take care, sir,'' 
 at the same time. The best remedy for an old-con- 
 firmed biting stallion is to have him castrated. 
 
 When a horse has been frightened by the cars or 
 the steam of an engine, it is a very difficult task to get 
 him over the fright, mainly because you c^n not control 
 the movements of the train. The simplest and best 
 plan is to treat him to a stationary or road en- 
 gine first, because it will stay in one position long 
 enough to teach him that the steam will not hurt him. 
 I would first get him under good control by a course of 
 subjective treatment; then put on him the Pulley Break- 
 
PROMISCUOUS VICES. 127 
 
 ing Bridle, take the cord in left hand and whip in right 
 hand, and lead him right up to the engine. Have the 
 "engineer let off steam by degrees until he will allow 
 himself to he covered with steam. If you can not get 
 him close enough to the engine with this bridle, you 
 may lay him do^\Ti on a soddy piece of ground and hold 
 him there while the engine is run up by the side of him. 
 Then have him covered up with steam. You can hardly 
 convince a horse that steam is harmless unless you can 
 get him right into it. As he learns and submits to what 
 you w^ant him to, you should caress and treat him kind- 
 ly. One of the main objects of these lessons is to teack 
 the animal that you are his friend and protector. Get 
 him to have confidence in you, and he will almost g© 
 through fire with you. Give your horse one lesson a 
 day for three days, similar to, the one just described, 
 then he will be ready to hitch up and drive about steam. 
 It would be advisable to put on the Double Safety Kope 
 the first time or two you drive him about the cars. 
 Eemember that one lesson will not be sufficient to edu- 
 cate your horse that the cars are harmless, but if 
 you will have patience enough to give three or four 
 lessons according to the above instructions ycu will 
 come out victorious. 
 
 AFRAID OF SHOOTING. CRACKERS. 
 
 Lay the horse down and fire off, a number at a time, 
 wli.l-Q he is down, and by degrees throw them out faster 
 until you have whole packs of them going off at once. 
 
1^8 PROMISCUCr? VICES. 
 
 Then let him on his feet and put the Double Safety 
 it ope on him, and continue the racket and shooting. 
 If he tries to get away, pull on the rope and bring him 
 to his knees. Give him two or three lessons and he will 
 be perfectly safe to drive on the street on the Fourth 
 of July, In subduing him be very careful not to let 
 any of the shooting crackers burn liim, or allow any 
 of the other devices to hurt him. Should the tin pans 
 or sleigh bells hurt him while the crackers are explod- 
 ing, he would surely thiuk that it was the fire crackers 
 that caused the pain: hence you will lose the very 
 point that you are trying to gain. 
 
 BAD TO BRIDLE. 
 
 For a horse hard "to bridle there is no better 
 remedy than simply to use about half an hour's 
 patience once or twice a day for a day or two, and 
 your horse will begin to want to be bridled. If he 
 is not too vicious you should go into the stall with him 
 and begin at the neck to handle and fondle him. If 
 it is the ears that are sensitive and he don't want to be 
 touched there, work down about the nose first; as 
 his fears subside, work up about the ears, touch them 
 very gently at first, aaid as he will bear it, stroke them 
 faster and a little more carelessly; then lay your right 
 arm over liis neck and press down gradually until his 
 nose is nearly to the ground, all the time keeping his 
 attention with your left hand by stroking his nose and 
 forehead. 
 
PROMISCUOUS VICES. 
 
 I in) 
 
 Should ihe horse be extremely bad, you will have 
 to get him under control by one or more of our 
 methods of subjection. Take him out of the stable, 
 catch hold of the tail with your left hand, and the 
 halter with your right, and whirl him around eight 
 or ten times. He will usually stand perfectly quiet; 
 the whirling around in a circle will make him so dizzy 
 that he will not know how to resist. After you are 
 once able to put on the bridle without force, repeat for 
 some time, holding his attention by giving him a little 
 com. He should be bridled with care for some time, 
 
 MODE OF TEACHING A HORSE TO^BE GENTLE TO 
 BRIDLE. 
 
 t^ overcome all sensitiveness. If you can win a horse's 
 confidence by the first plan, and teach him that you 
 are not going to hurt him, it will have just as good an 
 effect upon him as if you were to use coercive treat- 
 ment. 
 
IBO PROMISCUOUS VICES. 
 
 BLINDERS. 
 
 Blinds are one of the greatest abominations that 
 the horse has ever been pestered with. There is not 
 a man that can give any reason for using blinds on 
 his bridles. All my experience in handling wild and 
 nervous horses proves clearly lo me that blinds should 
 never be used^ and that the sight of the horse, for many 
 reasons, should not be interfered with in any way. 
 Horses are only afraid of objects they do not under- 
 stand; and the eye is one of the principal mediums 
 by which this understanding is brought about. The 
 horse, on account of his very amiable nature, can be 
 made in the course of time to bear almost anything 
 in any shape; but there is a qiucker process of reach- 
 ing his intelligence than that of wearing it into him 
 through his skin and bones. However wild or nervouB 
 a horse may be, he can be taught in a very short time 
 to understand an.d not to fear any object, however 
 frightful in appearance. Horses can be broken in 
 less time and better, without blinds than with them; 
 but horses that have always worn them will notice 
 the sudden change, and must be treated carefully the 
 first drive. After that they will drive better without 
 blinds than with them. I have not, in all my exper- 
 ience of handling horses, both wfld and nervous, ever 
 used blinds on any of them, and in no case have they 
 ever shied at passing objects. The horse's eye is the 
 life and beauty of the animal as well as the index of 
 all his emotions. It tells the driver, in the most ex- 
 pressive manner, what the horse's feelings are. By 
 
rRO.Miscrors vices. 181 
 
 it he can tell the first approach of fear in time to meet 
 any difliciilty; he can tell if he is happy or sad, hungry 
 or weary. The horse too, when permitted to see, uses 
 his eyes with great judgment. He sees hetter than we 
 do. He can measure distances with his eyes, hetter 
 than we can, and if allowed free use of them, would 
 often save himself hy the quickness of sight from 
 collisions, when the driver would fail to do so by a 
 timely pull of the lines. It would also save many 
 accidents to pedestrians in the streets, as no horse 
 will run over a person he can see. Blinds are an un- 
 necessary and injurious incumbrance. If you will take 
 the time to notice all the horses that go along the 
 street for an hour, or notice all tlie bridles on horses 
 in a funeral procession, some day, you will not find 
 one pair of blinds out of three that are adjusted right. 
 Some of them will be too high or too low, some will 
 have one side flapping straight out,- while the other 
 side will Le pinched tight up against the eye; others 
 will have the corners af the blinds bent and sticking 
 towards the eye, sometimes in them, keeping the horse 
 continually batting his eyes. I have seen a number 
 of blinds pinched in so tight against the eyes that the 
 horse could not see at all. Now, after your observation 
 convinces you that two-thirds of the blinds that are 
 used are adjusted in about the manner described, you 
 will have to agree with me when I say that blinds are 
 a cruelty to animals. "I think there ought to be a law 
 passed prohibiting the use of them. However, I ain 
 glad to know that people are beginning to see the 
 
132 PROMiscT^ors vices. 
 
 absurdity of them, and in a few years hence they will be 
 a thing to be read of as one of the follies happily 
 reformed. 
 
 WILL NOT STAND. 
 
 The first thing take off the blinds and give the 
 horse a chance to see your movements; then teach 
 him that Whoa I means to stand, and not move until 
 told, in the following manner: Put on the Double 
 Safety Rope: pass the lines through the side rings of 
 the surcingle, or shaft bearers of the harness. Then 
 crack the whip, wave flags over him, and make all the 
 racket you can around him. If he starts, say Whoa! 
 and bring him on his knees. Give him one or two les- 
 sons of this kind before you hitch him up; then give 
 him a few lessons while hitched up. If it is a colt that 
 you want to teach to stand, take it into an inclosure, 
 stand it in the middle of it, commence at the 
 shoulder to walk around it. keeping as close 
 to it as possible, keeping its attention by caressing it, 
 and by degrees make your circles a little larger, and 
 walk a little faster. Watch the colt's eyes and ears 
 very closely. Should he attempt to move, pick up the 
 lines, say Whoa! and give him a raking pull with the 
 lines; then immediately slack them. Keep him as near 
 as possible on one spot and he will get your idea soon- 
 er than to allow him to change positions so often. 
 After he once understands that you intend to have 
 him stand until you ask him to go, you can tlien stand 
 him in another place and proceed as before. You 
 should not teach him more than half an hour at a time. 
 
184 paeMiscuous vices. 
 
 AFJIAID OF UMBRELLA. 
 
 Put on him the Pulle}'^ Breaking Bridle, which will 
 hold an}^ horse wherever you want him. 
 
 Now present the umbrella closed and let him feel 
 it with his nose; then open partially, and let him 
 thoroughly examine it. If he should make an effort 
 to get away, give him a few pulls with the bridle. You 
 may now open the ui^brella wide, and stand in front 
 of the horse, or a little to the near side, holding the 
 cord in left hand; throw your right arm over the left, 
 and hold the umbrella in your right hand, directly in 
 front of the horse. ISTow hold his attention by giving 
 little, short jerks VTith the cord, while you swing the 
 ■umbrella up high and bring it down over his head 
 with a quick motion, and hold him right under it.^ 
 Lead him around under it for a little while; then ope*, 
 and shut it, and let him feel it with his '^fingers." 
 
 Now have your assistant go off some distance, 
 and approach slowly from different directions, and 
 hold it over his head. If at any point. there is much 
 fear shown, close it, and, let the horse examine it 
 again; then repeat, until it can be brought up in any 
 manner, while swinging it, without attracting notice. 
 Two lessons will be enough to teach ordinary cases not 
 to have any fear of an umbrella. 
 
 PEAR OF ROBE. 
 
 Treat practically the same as for a horse afraid 
 of an umbrella. If the horse is so determined in his 
 
PROMISCUOUS VICE??. • 135 
 
 resistance^ it would be advisable to put on him the 
 Pulley Breaking Bridle; then present the robe, at first 
 having it folded, and just allow hiin to see and feel of 
 one corner of it. B}' degrees unfold it, and let him see 
 the whole of the robe; if he tries to get away from it 
 let him feel the power you have over him with the 
 cord. Then hold his attention with the cord until you 
 get the robe close to his head, when you throw the 
 robe over his head, leaving it completely covered for 
 a short time, and then rub it over his body. Place it in 
 different positions about him, and it will only be a short 
 time until he will be perfectly indifferent to a robe. 
 In some cases it might be necessary to throw the horse 
 down, and present the robe while he is down, and 
 commence at the head to get him used to it, by letting 
 him feel and smell it, and rub his mane, neck and body 
 with it, until he is convinced the robe is harmless. 
 Then let him on his feet, and continue operations un- 
 til you can throw it on him at a distance of eight or 
 ten feet without exciting fear. Both sides must be 
 treated alike. To overcome all fear of the robe, it 
 will be better to repeat the lesson several times. 
 
 AFRAID OF THE SOUND OF A GUN. 
 
 If your horse is afraid of the sound of a gun, put 
 on him the Pulley Breaking Bridle. Have some one to 
 take a gun and snap caps some distance from him, 
 gradually going nearer, and repeating until it can be 
 done over his body. Then have him go farther from 
 
136 
 
 PROMISCUOUS VICES, 
 
 OPENING THE UMBHBLLA OVER THE HK.'O). 
 
PROMISCUOUS VICES. 
 
 18' 
 
 Itf^ 
 
138 
 
 PROMIsCUOL'S VICES. 
 
ri;oMiscuou?« vices. 139 
 
 the- horse again^ and commence firing with small charge 
 of powder; increase the charge until he will allow a full 
 charge to be fired near him. After you have, given him 
 three or four lessons of this kind, you will be surprised 
 to see i.ow indifferent he will be to any sudden sounds 
 that otherwise might frighten him. 
 
 AFRAID OF HOGS AND DOGS. 
 
 Put on the Double Safety Eope; run the lines 
 back through the shaft bearers of the harness, and 
 take him in a large lot where there are hogs; if he 
 tries to get away from them bring him on his knees 
 with the rope. Then make him get after the hogs 
 and run them all over the lot, and it will be but a 
 short time until he will be convinced that the Jiogs 
 will not hurt him, and will pay no attention to them. 
 Usually horses that are afraid of hogs are afraid of 
 dogs too, and by teaching them not to be afraid of 
 hogs they will not be afraid of dogs. 
 
 HOW TO PREVENT A HORSE SVvaTCHING HIS TAIL. 
 
 Take a piece of leather four or five inches wide, 
 about as long as the tail bone of the horse, and attach 
 a crupper to one end of it. Have a pocket sewed on 
 this leather large enough to hold about three pounds 
 of shot, also sew two or three small straps and buckles 
 on it. Now fill this pocket with shot, and buckle it to 
 
140 PROMISCUOUS VICES. 
 
 the back strap of your harness, instead of the ordinary 
 crupper, and buckle the small straps around the bone 
 of the horse's tail. By this means the appliance cannot 
 be seen, and it will be impossible for the horse to- 
 switch his tail when this appliance is on. By using 
 this for a few weeks you will overcome the habit of tail 
 Ewitching. 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 \ 
 
 i 
 
THE OVER CHECK AND CURB-BIT, 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 I aiii as radically opposed to this appliance as I 
 am to blinds on the bridle. If you have a horse that 
 was born without style, you might as well submit at 
 once to let him go through life for what he is worth 
 wdthout torturing him, because there is no art of man 
 that can add style to him if it is not natural for him 
 to haA^e style. But man can destroy style and natural 
 beauty by the use of straps and rigging. I have seen 
 horses that were natiirally stylish, having the natural 
 curve in their neck, with all the beauty that nature 
 could give them, and then have it all dstroyed by the 
 use of the overdraw check rein. This straight strap 
 is not only a disfigurement of itself, but it destroys 
 .the appearance of the horse by taking the curve out of 
 tlie horse's neck and converting it into a straight line; 
 it also wears off its mane, but the rein coming from 
 the nose directly over the horse's head, lifts his nose 
 up almost straight with his ears, turns the eyes upwards 
 and causes the neck to appear a great deal smaller tkan 
 it really is, thus destroying the style and handsome 
 appearance of a fine horse. Horses look handsomer 
 when driven with open bridles and no check reins. 
 
142 THE OVER-CHECK. 
 
 They can travel easier and more gracefully when allow- 
 ed the free use of their head and sight, than any other 
 way you could manage them. You can more f ullv real- 
 ize the absurdity of using tliis appliance if you wall 
 notice the horses while hitched in the streets that have 
 the overdraw check reins on. You will see them paw 
 the ground, champing the bit, or turning the head to 
 one side in order to loosen the check. This is certainly 
 cruel. You should always use the side reins, and then 
 not draw the head higher than his natural way of carry- 
 ing it. In all my practice of handling kickers and all 
 kinds of nervous, high strung horses, I give them their 
 first training without any rein at all, allowino- them 
 free use of their head and neck, and then I rein them 
 very slack, simply to prevent them putting their heads 
 to the ground when we stop them. It is a rank bar- 
 barity, and a serious impediment to any horse. It 
 causes roaring, poll evil, paralysis of the shoulders 
 and bowed knees. The overdraw check should be pro- 
 hibited by law. The great horseman, Earey, says: 
 ^^The bitting bridle, as used, is one of the very worst 
 cruelties." 
 
 If used at all, it should never be used when tight, 
 more than fifteen minutes at a time. I have seen 
 colts permanently injured by it. 
 
 I am aware that many horsemen differ from me 
 on this subject, but I speak from experience and close 
 observation. For the sake of those who may dispute 
 my position in this regard, I adduce further evidence 
 in the shape of facts and opinions of imdoubted au- 
 thority. 
 
THP] OVER-CHECK. \4V> 
 
 ^'The Chicago Times/' in a recent article in which 
 it joins the ministers and the other good people in a 
 vigorous protest against a proposition to establish 
 Sunday horse-racing in that city^ takes occasion to ad- 
 minister stinging rebuke where it is much needed : 
 
 "And, by the wa}', while the ministers are about 
 the good work of suppressing Sunday horse-races, a 
 little attention to an atrocity that comes nearer their 
 own doors, or the doors of their .churches, might not 
 be amiss. Waiting in front of almost every church 
 every Sunday may be seen handsome carriages, the 
 horses attached to which have their heads drawn out 
 to nearly a straight line with their necks by an inven- 
 tion of the devil called an ^over-check rein.' The poor 
 brutes sometimes endure this constrained and unnatur- 
 al position for hours." 
 
 "^aid a noted eastern preacher once: 'I have 
 little :Paith in the religion of a man whose horse 
 does not know he is a Christian.' It is time for 
 preachers to do something in the way of impressing 
 this gospel of decent hiini;iniiv t<. ^^nimals upox 
 their hearers." 
 
 The late Sir Arthur Helps said: "Whenever I 
 see horses suffering from a too ti.grht check rein, I know 
 the owner is unobservant, cruel or pompous. He is 
 unobservant or he would see that his horses are suffer- 
 ing. He is ignorant or he would know that a horse 
 loses much of his power of pulling and cannot recover 
 
1.44 THE OVER- CHECK. 
 
 himself if he stumbles: and he is cruel if, — observing 
 and kno"v\ing, he does not remed}- it. He is pompous 
 and vulgar if he prefers that his horses rear their heads 
 on high and rattle their trappings, to being dealt with 
 humane!}^ and reasonabh'. When I look at the coat-of- 
 arms on these carriages I know who are the greatest 
 fools in London in the upper classes. The idiot and 
 brute of a coachman likes to sit behind these poor, tor- 
 tured, faithful martyrs, with their tied up heads, but 
 his master ouo^ht to know better.'^ 
 
 H. W. Herbert, in his ''Hints to Horse Keepers," 
 says: "The check, or bearing rein, is an unaccount- 
 able mistake in the harness invention. While it holds 
 the horse's head in an unnatural, ungraceful and un- 
 comfortable position, it gives the mouth a callous, 
 horny character, and entirely destroys all chance for 
 fine driving. The check rein is considered valuable 
 to prevent horses from grazing or lowering the head. 
 The same end may be equally attained by substituting 
 a siniplebridlp-reiii, fastened to the saddle with- 
 out passing tli rough the loops of the throatlatch." 
 
 Another writer says: 
 
 "Tying one part of an animaPs body to another 
 does not necessarily keep him on his feet. It is the 
 pull from the arm of the driver that makes the horse 
 regain himself when he stumbles. One might as well 
 say that tying a man's head back to a belt at his waist 
 
rHE OVER-CHECK. 145 
 
 would prevent him from falling if he stumhlerl in a 
 race." 
 
 Over five hundred Yeterinarv Surgeons have signed 
 a paper condemning tight check-reins, as painful to 
 horses and productive of disease, causing distortion of 
 the windpipe to such a degree as to impede respiration. 
 They mention paralysis of the muscles of the face, me- 
 grims, apoplexy, coma, and inflammation as some of tlie 
 results of its use. 
 
 The over-check riein will often cause a horse to 
 become knee-sprung." It destroys the delicate sensitive- 
 ness to the bit Avhich is most desirable in oruidiTisr a 
 horse. 
 
 Dr. Kitching says: "If a horse pulling a load has 
 liis head held in by a check-rein, he cannot throw his 
 weight into his collar, and is hindered from giving his 
 body that position which is the most natural and ef- 
 fective.'' He goes on to speak of the consequent strain 
 of his limbs and muscles, and the injury caused by the 
 constrained position of the head, whereby the breathing 
 and circulation are affected, and the horse made .rest- 
 loss, irritable, and uncomfortable. He says: "The 
 check-rein inflicts unceasing torture upon the animal 
 in another way. By holding the head upward, it puts 
 cite muscles of the neck on a constant strain. They 
 become painfully uneasy and tired. If the horse can- 
 not bear it,, he rests the weight of his head upon the 
 rein, and his mouth is violently stretcjied. Thus, he 
 
146 * THE OVEK-CHECK. 
 
 only exchanges one torture for another. To sum up in 
 a word, the check-rein lessens the horse's strength; 
 brings on disease; keeps him in pain; frets and injures 
 his mouth ; and spoils his temper."^ 
 
 I am glad to help in giving publicity to the fol- 
 lowing object lesson, and wish it might help many to 
 trv to ^Tut Yourself in His Place/' even if it is only 
 in a horse's place. The question is not, "Can they 
 reason or can they speak?'" but '"Can they suffer?'* 
 
 THE RICH POOR HORSE AND THE POOR RICH HORSE. 
 BY MRS. C. M. FAIRCHILD. 
 
 The poor rich horse, driven by a tall coachman with 
 high hat and white gloves, looked very gay as he pranc- 
 ed up to the door of an elegant establishment on the 
 avenue. The breast of the noble creature was covered 
 with foam, and he held his head very high. His mouth 
 was stretched wide open, and he tossed his head up and 
 down and back and forth, and pawed the air with hig 
 fore feet. So high were his eyes — almost lo'oking to- 
 wards the sky — that he scarcely seemed able to see 
 a fat old dray horse that stood ^ear, regarding him 
 wiili a sort of sleepy wonder, and considering him sul 
 belonging to another '^'set" than his, entirely. The old 
 horse did not suppose it would do any good to pass the 
 time of day with his neighbor, as the rich horse un- 
 doubtedly regarded himself as far too grand to com- 
 municate with such a humble personage, so he chang- 
 ed the bit around in his mouth, and was just about 
 
THE t)\KK-<HK€K. J47 
 
 to drop into a gentle doze when a sound of distress 
 from the rich horse caused his plain neighhor to open 
 his eyes wide and to regard the former witli considera- 
 ble curiosity, which at length expressed itself in' this 
 wise: ''You look very gay, neighbor; are you not com- 
 fortable with your fine silver-plated harness and shiny 
 trappings?" 
 
 "'I can hear you, though I can scarcely see you," 
 answered the poor rich horse, ''for my harness, al- 
 though undoubtedly very handsome, is a perfect tor- 
 ture to me. You can see for yourself how my head is 
 tied up by a new-fangled contrivance they call an over- 
 check. My eyes are almost blinded by the glare of 
 the sun, and my neck aches, and iny head throbs, and 
 I am really quite miserable." 
 
 "I don't know much about check-reins," bluntly 
 said the rich poor horse, "and I have never hauled 
 fine ladies around in their carriage. I supposed, by 
 the way I have seen them petting you with their soft 
 V hite hands, that they wouldn^t want you to be dress- 
 ed up so you would be uncomfortable or suffer by it.'' 
 
 "0, they don't think," sighed the poor rich horse, 
 "they doubtless suppose I have a very fine time with 
 nothing to do but draw this pretty doll's wagon. If 
 1 could only have my choice I would change places with 
 you, I wotlld rather haul a dirt-wagon without any 
 check-rein on than to be dressed up in this fine style 
 aixd suffer as I do." 
 
 "Y'ou'd find the dirt wagon pretty heavy hauling," 
 replied the rich poor horse. 
 
148 THE f»VKR-CHECK. 
 
 "But l"d liave my neck free and be allov, cd to ex- 
 -ert my full strength doing it/' retorted the poor rich 
 horse with some spirit, and as he gave an extra strain 
 at his check-rein, the rich poor horse noticed the blood 
 Avas starting from the corners of his mouth. "Is it 
 the check-rein that makes your mouth bleed?'' asked 
 the rich poor horse. 
 
 "Oh yes! I'm getting quite used to that. Very 
 often my mouth is so sore I can scarcely eat, and then 
 they think I'm ill, and a surgeon with a great long 
 name — v-e-r-y-t-y-r-a-n-n-y I believe they call him — 
 comes in ^-ith a black bottle, and ties up my head, and 
 pours some dreadful medicine down my throat, and 
 whips me when I kick at him." 
 
 The rich poor horse now opened his eyes wide 
 and surveyed his companion under the light of some 
 new idea. 
 
 "Well, you have a nice stable to stay in, don't 
 you? ISTow I have nothing but a plain barn and no 
 padding. To be sure on cold nights I have straw up 
 to my knees; but I don't have any blanket, and my 
 hair gets rough and shaggy." 
 
 "Oh dear," sighed the poor rich horse, "I would 
 much rather have your coat of fur, and wouldn't care 
 how rough it is. If tliey would only let me have the 
 hair that belongs to me it would be much more comfort- 
 able than a blanket. They cut off my hair and I feel 
 every chilly wind, that blows. I don't dance around as 
 you see mc doing because I feel gay and happ3% but 
 because I am perfectly miserable. Sometimes they 
 
THE OVER-CHECK. 149 
 
 make me wear the over-check and blinders, and then 
 it seems as if I would lose my wits entirely. Little 
 then can I see but the sky and the tops of people's 
 heads; and if I stumble or run away, when I am afraid 
 of something I can't see, the driver whips me where 
 my hair has been clipped, and I can't say a word back." 
 
 '^0, well, you don't have much hard work to do," 
 said the rich poor horse, "you ought to appreciate that 
 and make the best of your condition." 
 
 "I'll change places with you at any time," replied 
 the poor rich horse. "My load becomes heavier than 
 yours commonly is, because I am so tied back and curb- 
 ed and reined, that half my strength is spent trying 
 to relieve my aching muscles and neck. When I don't 
 have to wear the over check, then they put on the bear- 
 ing, (check-rein) rein, which is no better. And then 
 when we fashionable horses grow old, and lose our style 
 and spirit, we are sold to somebody who forgets we are 
 not used to labor which develops the muscles, and we 
 are whipped when we can't pull heavy loads, and have 
 to endure exposure and all. sorts of other hardships 
 when the least prepared for them." 
 
 "Poor rich horse," said the compassionate attache 
 of the dray, "I think I will try and be content with 
 my lot afte/ this." 
 
 Just then the drayman came around with some 
 nubbins of corn. The gay coachman mounted his box 
 and with a crack of his whip sent the poor rich horse 
 flying down the street. The rich poor horse rubbed 
 his nose on his master's shoulder and to!d him what he 
 
150 THE OVER-CHEOK. 
 
 had heard about poor rich horses, and the two jogged 
 off together the best friends in the world. 
 
 THE CURB BIT. 
 
 (Extract from essay of E. M. Collins in the "Bar 
 Harbor Record.'') 
 
 The curb bit is used even more than the check-" 
 rein, and many persons who are thoroughly convinced 
 of the cruelty of the latter will use the curb without 
 scruple. 
 
 This, in a way, can be made to take the place of 
 the check, for if the strap or chain passing' under the 
 jaw is only tight enough the coveted quality of high- 
 headedness can be obtained to nearly as distressing a 
 degree as with the check. 
 
 But at what a cost to the poor animal! His jaw 
 is all the while in the most cruel kind of a vise: the 
 action of the saliva in his mouth is impeded, niul ;i 
 quantit}^ of froth surrounds his mouth, whicli lie 
 flecks off in his nervousness. Now and then the froth 
 is tinged with red — tliis is when the bit, pressing hard 
 against the sides of the mouth, pinches the thinlining 
 to the point of drawing blood; the tongue is compress- 
 ed so that often times it is of a dark purple, or evem 
 black, and the underlip is quivering constantly, wliicli 
 alone tells of intense suffering. All these signs are 
 visible whenever the curb bit is used with the strap or 
 chain tightened. When the strap or chain is loose not 
 eo much pressure is felt, and the bit is little different 
 from an ordinary plain one. In the majority cf curbs 
 
THE OVER. CHECK. 151 
 
 used it is not the bit itself which causes so much suf- 
 fering to the horse world, but the evil lies in the strap 
 or chain which is fastened to the rims of the curb and 
 tightened under the jaw. 
 
 The common plea for the use of the curb is that 
 t is a safeguard against accident in case the horse be- 
 comes unruly. While in a very few instances the curb 
 lay perhaps have helped to control a fiery, vicious 
 orse, by the intense pain caused, almost always it tends 
 strongly to spoil a horse's disposition, irritating him 
 and making him unwilling to obey. Many of the runa- 
 ways are caused by the animals getting infuriated by 
 the curb, and reaching the point where the pain is un- 
 bearable. Another plea for the curb is that the horses 
 known as ''pullers'' can not be safely driven without it. 
 The fact is that with many horses it only causes them 
 to be more stubborn, and they get into the habit of 
 bearing down on the bit and feeling its resistance, and 
 expect the contest every time they are taken out. 
 Horses are often broken of the pulling habit by being 
 driven with a plain bit after having been used with the 
 curb, and through kindness instead of brute strength, 
 have become good drivers. The use of this bit destroys 
 the delicate sensitiveness of the mouth, a quality which 
 is so desirable in a good driving horse. ^^ * * * * * 
 Often owners leave the entire charge of their horses 
 to coachmen and grooms, who are willing to resort to 
 any methods whereby their turnouts may be ranked 
 among the smartest, regardless of the suffering of the 
 poor creatures in their care. These grooms are always 
 strong advocates of the curb-bit. 
 
TEACHING TRICKS. 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Since there are so many people desirous of know- 
 ing hoTT to drive a horse without bridle or lines, I have 
 concluded to use a little space in describing this feature 
 of the horse's education. 
 
 While I do not advocate it as being a universally 
 practical way of driving a horse, yet it is possible to so 
 thoroughly train the horse to the signals of the whip 
 that he can be controlled more reliably under excite- 
 ment and in case of danger than it would be possible 
 to manage him with bridle and lines. This statement 
 will no doubt sound erroneous to those who are not 
 profound in the science of horsemanship; neverthless 
 it is true. 
 
 By having a horse trained in this way, it shows to 
 the public to what extent it is possible to educate a 
 horse,whenheis diligently and persistently dealt with 
 
 It would be unreasonable to expect any one to 
 accomplish this feat who is not possessed of strong will 
 power and self-control; especially to control a highly- 
 bred spirited horse; and this is the only kind with 
 which such education can be fully relied upon. 
 
TKACHING THICK?. l.")3 
 
 There are a number of different ways to teach a 
 horse to drive without lines^ but I sliall not attempt 
 to describe any except my original process. 
 
 DRIVING WITHOUT LINES. 
 
 My plan for teaching a horse to drive without 
 bridle or lines, is first: Turn the horse loose in an 
 enclosure about twenty-five feet square, take an 
 ordinary buggy wliip and go into the enclosure with 
 him and overcome the fear of the whip and teach him 
 to have implicit confidence in you, by the process that 
 I have explained under Colt Training. After he has 
 learned to come to you at the command "Come Here," 
 and shows no fear of the whip while you gently wave 
 it over his head and body, and will follow you all about 
 in the ring, 3^ou then have a good foundation laid for 
 further instruction. Put the horse away until the next 
 dajy when you should take him back to the same place 
 and proceed to teach him the signals of the whip. Stand 
 close to the horse's hip and take a -short whip and tap 
 lightly on the right shoulder, until the horse, in antic- 
 ipation of driving a fly ofi^, will swing his head around 
 to where the tapping is; step forward quickly and hand 
 him a few oats, or a small piece of apple, almost in the 
 act of turning his head around. Step back and continue 
 the tapping and rewarding. After a while, in hig 
 eagerness for the reward, he will take a step or two to 
 the right when the tapping begins; then caress him 
 and treat him Yerj kindly for that act. By this process 
 in a short time you will have conveyed* your idea to the 
 horse that when he is tapped on the right shoulder 
 
lol TEACHING TRICKS. 
 
 tliat iiieans fur him to turn in that direction. As soon 
 as he barely nnclcrstands what you want of him you 
 slioukl put him away for that time. At tJie next lesson 
 you should giye a repetition of the tapping on the same 
 side until he will respond readily in that direction; 
 after which commence tapping on tlie left side and 
 reward as before. Both sides must be trained separate- 
 ly and thoroughly^ then you may drill alternately. Now 
 you may luiAe an open bridle on him. with short lines 
 to come back about as far as his tail; but only to be 
 used when needed to restrain him, or to convey your 
 idea to him. Your whip at this stage should not be over 
 five feet long, and you should stand directly behind the 
 horse. While you are not compelled to use the lines 
 you should liave hold of his tail ^nth one hand. Allow 
 the whip to extend directly over his body so the end 
 of it will extend about to the middle of his mane, and 
 the position of the poiut of whip you Avish to familiar- 
 ize him with, for a signal to go straight ahead, should 
 be about two feet above point of shoulder. The signal 
 you wish for him to stop for is, raising the whip and 
 holdiug it in a perpendicular position. The action you 
 may use to associate the meaning of this movement, 
 and position, is : just as you raise the whip so the horse 
 can see it, pull hard on the liiif^s and say "Wheal" 
 all at the same lime; and in a few repetitions he will 
 stop when he sees tlie whip raise, knowing that means 
 a "severe pulF" if he doesn't stop. The first few times 
 he stops without the pull, step forward and reward him, 
 A great deal depends upon how you give the rewards. 
 
TEACHING TRK.'M*. 155 
 
 li they are given in a manner so that the lior^e can 
 fulh' comprehend it was complying with your wish, it 
 will be a great help to you in fixing the impression 
 upon his brain; but if it is not given in the right manner 
 the reward will be worse than none at all. After he has 
 the idea pretty well learned to stop wlien the whip is 
 raised, you should raise the Avhip and give him a slight 
 stroke around the neck and immediately raise the whip 
 ^gaiu. In a short time he will understand that when the 
 whip goes up, that means punishment unless he stops 
 quickly. In this way you reduce the power of the '"pull 
 with the lines"' directly to the signal of raising the whip. 
 
 On the same principle you fmally teach the signals 
 of turning by giving him a pretty smart tap on the h)\ver 
 part of the shoulder and immediately place the point 
 -of the whip three or four feet in that direction. Sliould 
 he attempt to jump and go ahead too much, you can 
 hold him in check with the action and signal to stop 
 him. You should now have a good whip aljout seven 
 or seven and a half feet long. Eight at this stage you 
 will find that it will require skillful manipulatioii of 
 the whip, so there will be no mistake made on the part 
 •of the trainer. You cannot have a horse reliably trained 
 in this way, in excitement and under all circumstances, 
 without some reserve power with the whip. After he 
 has been driven for awhile, and obeys the foregoing 
 signals well, you may then teach him to back at signals. 
 The position of whip for this signal should point back 
 over your shoulder at an angle of about forty-five 
 des'rees. 
 
156 TEACHING TRICKS. 
 
 To convey your idea to the horse, you should put 
 the lines on him; and when you move the whip back- 
 ward and forward in that position, give the horse- 
 little quick jerks wath the lines until he understands- 
 that the whip in that position means ^'hack." Xow to 
 reduce the compulsory part of it to the whip stand on 
 the near side well back toward the hip, so that the lash 
 of the whip will reach over his head. Tap him over the 
 head a few times in connection with the backward 
 movement of the whip. Tap lightly at first, then a 
 little harder, until he will step back freely, then caress- 
 him. Now if he should fail to respond to the signal 
 when you have no bridle on him, you can force him 
 to do so by tapping him over the forehead. When 
 you want him to start or go faster touch him on top 
 of neck or back. The signal for "steady/' or to go 
 slower, is to elevate the whip about half way up: as 
 soon as he comes down to a walk, lower the whip again. 
 The single foot strap will greatly assist in teaching the- 
 signals meaning Steady and Whoa. 
 
 When a horse is trained as just described, it makes 
 him appear much more intelligent than he otherwise 
 would, and he will attract attention wherever he is 
 seen. 
 
 TO IMITATE A BALKY HORSE. 
 
 It seems foolish to instruct the public how ta 
 teach a horse to balk; for my observation has convinced 
 me that they have a better knowledge of this particular 
 feature than any other branch of horsemanship. How- 
 ever when a horse is educated, the trick of ^'acting the 
 
TEACHING TRICKS. 157 
 
 balky horse" is the most amusiDg trick that can be 
 taught him. Yet the process of teaching it is exceed- 
 ingly simple; probably this accounts for so many people 
 having their horses trained in this way (unintention- 
 ally, however.) Have the horse hitched to a buggy with 
 his head towards a building, or high fence, so that he 
 will not be so eager to go ahead; now you may ask him 
 to go, and when he attempts to start, set him back 
 gently with the lines; keep it up until he shows some 
 hesitancy about starting. After shaking the lines and 
 slapping hun on the hips, then immediately caress 
 him. Allow your strokes of persuasion to be but little 
 harder than caresses at first. If he is thoroughly ac- 
 quainted with the right meaning of the command ^^Get 
 up !'^ you had better use some other words at first, that 
 will not be so likely to encourage him to start. Say, 
 "Go on! Now! What's the matter with you?'*^ etc., 
 until he associates the balking with some of your balky 
 actions; then you may use commands and slaps that 
 under any other circumstances he would fully under- 
 stand to mean something directly opposite. Do not try 
 to teach this trick thoroughl}', in one lesson, or you 
 might have trouble jn having him start off pleasant- 
 ly when you are ready for him to go. This is one of 
 the most interesting tricks my regular exhibition horse 
 performs. He imitates the balker to perfection, with- 
 out bridle or lines; ^\dll turn his head around to his 
 side and utterly refuse to move although enough men 
 are pushing on the buggy to almost slide him, and hol- 
 loing "Get Up'M whipping liim with stuffed clubs, 
 et<3., will not start him until the proper signal is given 
 him to go. 
 
15^ TEACHING TKIOK>J. 
 
 TEACHING TO KICK AT COMMAND. 
 
 If your horse is an ill-dispositioned animal it would 
 not be advisable to experiment much with this trick, 
 for it would be eas}' to make that kind of a horse irrit- 
 able and possibly cause him to kick without command. 
 
 A horse of a mild disposition may be taught to 
 perform this act without any risk of spoiling him. 
 Take a pin in right hand and prick the near hind leg 
 with it and say •'•'kick.'' When he makes a move with 
 his foot backwards, reward him. Eepeat the pricking 
 and rewarding for a few minutes each day and he will 
 soon learn to kick with the left foot when you say 
 ^'kick.'' Or, if you would want him to kick at signal 
 without word of command, you can teach the signal 
 by having a small tack in your whip and proceed as 
 before. In a few lessons he will kick as soon as you 
 point the whip toward that leg. 
 
 TO LIE DOV^N. 
 
 Secure a suitable place before you attempt to teacii 
 this trick, which should be a nice soft grassy spot, or 
 have the ground covered with a good coat of straw. 
 There will be no better way to have him understand 
 what you want him to do than to put him down a few 
 times by my process of' laying a horse down, as described 
 under Subjection. While he is down treat him with 
 the greatest attention and kindness; give him some oats 
 out of your hand, walk around him a few times, and 
 then caress him again. Do not keep him lying very 
 iono- at one time. After two or three lessons you will 
 
TEACHING TllKKS. 159 
 
 unlj need to stand on oft' side, reach under him, raise 
 near front foot with your hand and draw his nose a 
 little to you, and say "Lie Down," and lie w'J ohey 
 your command. A few lessons more and you may 
 only touch him on the knees witli the end of your whip 
 and he will go down. Don't fail to ahrays use the 
 same words: "Lie Down." 
 
 TO SIT UP. 
 
 After you have taught him to lie down, you may 
 put an ordinary riding bridle on him, ask him to lie 
 down, then get .behind him, step on his tail while 
 you hold the l)ridle reins in your hand, say *'get up." 
 
 TELLING AGP:. 
 
 Have a small tack placed in a whip close to the 
 l,.sh of it; ]3rick him on the back part of the front leg.. 
 He will raise the foot and put it down with a thud,, 
 to get vengeance on the "lly.^' Have him do this 
 two or three times, then reward him for it by caress- 
 ing him. When he understands that when the whip 
 is pointed toward the leg it means for him to paw,. 
 you may raise the whip quickly and let the end of it 
 strike him under the chin, and he will soon learn t» 
 stop when you raise the whip. By taking the same 
 position every ihuo ho will soon know what you want 
 him to do by a movement of llie tiiiger, or a slight 
 bending of the body. You may now: ask him how old 
 he is; and when he strikes the ground as niany times 
 as he is years old, you may change your .position and 
 
160 TP: ACHING TRICKS. 
 
 he will have told you his age. Or you may substitute 
 any question you like; for instance: How many days 
 in a week are there? How many are three, six and 
 eight? He can solve problems like this as well as 
 tell his age. 
 
 TO MOUNT A PEDESTAL. 
 
 Have a strong platform made about four or five 
 feet square, and about one foot high. Place one of 
 the horse's feet on it and pinch the other leg a little 
 and he will soon let his weight on the foot that is on 
 the platform. Get him up several times mth his 
 front feet; then assist him in getting a hind foot up, 
 and encourage him to come forward. When he is up 
 with all four feet reward and treat him kindly as 
 described for other tricks. It will only take a little 
 more patience to have him get several steps higher 
 by having everything arranged substantially, so that 
 he will not get hurt in getting down. After he thor- 
 oughly understands whatyou want him to do he will 
 go through th^^ ]^(^rforn"iance without prompting. I 
 remember several years ago when I first began to 
 study the subject: I had one of my father's colts train- 
 ed to get on top of almost anything he could get 
 his feet on. While he was being shod one day, the 
 blacksmith placed his front foot on the little clinch- 
 ing post to clincli the nails of his shoe, when the colt 
 put his whole weight on that foot and raised the 
 other high up over the blacksmith's back as if hunt- 
 
TEACHING TRICK*. _ 101 
 
 ing for a still higher place to put his feet. Fortunate- 
 ly there was no damage done except badly frightening 
 the blacksmith. 
 
 HOW TO TEACH A HORSE TO TEETEPw. 
 
 After he has been taught to get on blocks, plat- 
 forms, etc., it will be almost a continuation of that 
 feature of training. Have two or three strong boards 
 about sLxteen feet long nailed together so the teetering 
 board Avill be about thirty inches wide. Allow it to 
 lay almost flat on the ground the first few times you 
 lead your horse over it; then elevate by degrees. The 
 fulcrum should be about six inches wide and just a 
 few inches high until the horse learns to balance him- 
 self well. It will assist greatly to have the Excelsior 
 Bridle on him. As lie gets near the center of the 
 board you can step back in front of him to the other 
 end of the board; by having hold of the bridle you 
 can keep his attention so that he will not jump off 
 while you carefully teeter him. After he gets accus- 
 tomed to the teetering motion, move him up to the 
 middle of the board; then get on one side of him, and 
 by the aid of the whip, with light taps, he can be made 
 to move one of his feet backwards and forwards. You 
 can elevate the fulcrum to about a foot and a half 
 high. By having it any higher than this you would 
 requirS a longer board. A few lessons and he will rim 
 up on the board at command and perform this most 
 beautiful act. 
 
lo2 TEACHING TRICKS. 
 
 TEACHING TO KISS, 
 
 Stand in front, a little to the left of your horse, 
 and give him a small piece of apple with your left 
 hand; then hold your hand closer to 3^our face and 
 allow him to take his reward. After a while you 
 may liave a piece of apple on a small stick, two or 
 three inches long. Hold one end of it in your mouth 
 and let him take it off the stick while the other end 
 is in you mouth. Always use the wotd "kiss" when 
 you want him to do the act. In a few lessons he will 
 put his nose within a few inches of your face at the 
 command "kiss me," without the reward. It would 
 not be desirable to have the horse place his mouth 
 against your mouth; therefore when he makes an effort 
 to reach his nose toward your face, you must accept 
 it as complying' with your wish. This trick will be 
 quite easy to teach. 
 
 TO TAKE HANDKERCHIEF. OUT OF INSIDE COAT 
 POCKET. 
 
 Lay a handkerchief in your hand and put a few oats 
 on it. Allow the horse to eat the oats; he will natural- 
 ly get hold of the handkerchief. After he gets eager for 
 the oats you may raise your hand with handkerchief 
 and oats, to your breast and slightly under your coat. 
 Xow that he has learned that you want him to take 
 hold of the cloth, you may put it partly uniier your 
 c-cat without the oats, and when he takes it out, you 
 nmy give him some oats out of your hand. In a short 
 
TEACHING TRICKS. 163 
 
 time lie will root his -nose under your coat back under 
 your arm to iind it, in anticipation of his reward. N'ow 
 that he understands what you want him to do a ca- 
 ress will do as well as a reward, and he will soon 
 comply with your wish when you say ''Find it."' 
 
 TO CARRY AN ARTICLE IN THE MOUTH. 
 
 This trick will have been nearly taught if you 
 have first taught him to take a handkerchief from 
 your pocket. Take a cloth and mash a part of an 
 apple in it and place it where the horse is accustomed 
 to be the most and tell him to "Bring it."' When he 
 follows you around with it for a little distance, caress 
 and talk encouragingly to him. If it is a basket you 
 wish to teach him to carry, you may wrap the same 
 cloth around the basket handle and he will finally learn 
 to associate the command that you use for "bring^* 
 or carry, with the basket. I shall only give space 
 enough for some of these simple tricks, so that even 
 an amateur can know how to begin with them. 
 
 TO FIRE A PISTOL. 
 
 Secure the pistol firmly to a post or as high as the 
 horse can conveniently reach; attach a string to the 
 trigger and a small wisp of hay to the end of the 
 string; have it arranged so that by pulling at the 
 hay the trigger will snap. (Do not ha^. the pistol 
 loaded, or it will frighten your horse so you cannot 
 get him near it ftgain.) Take the horse up to this 
 until the hay attracts his attention; he takes hold of 
 the hay, the trigger snaps; he eats a hit of hay, and 
 
164 TEACHING TRICKS. 
 
 is satisfied ; so are you. Repeat. When he does this read- 
 ily put a small rag with hut a very little hay, then when 
 he pulls give him some oats and caress him. Leave out 
 the hay altogether when he becomes accustomed to 
 pulling the rag: the pistol can be capped. The ex- 
 plosion will startle him; then by kindness you must 
 get him over this; then add a very small charge of 
 powder, but not before he has become accustomed 
 to the snapping of the caps. 
 
 TO TEACH TO STAND ERECT. 
 
 Put on the First Form War Bridle, as describ- 
 ed under Subjection. Have him reined up a little. 
 Take a buggy whip in right hand and cord in left, 
 and say "Stand up!" or "Up!" at the same time give 
 slight jerk ^vith the cord and quickly move in front 
 of him; if he makes the least effort to raise his front 
 feet off the ground reward for it. If he does not sho^ 
 any inclination to get up, you may rein him rather 
 tight until he will make an effort ; then stop and caress 
 him. You should not continue to drill him but a few 
 minutes at a time, and not more than twice a day. 
 Don't fail to use the words "Stand up," with every 
 effort you make to have him stand up, so that he will 
 associate the power of your simple devices with the 
 <jommand. 
 
 TEACHING TO JUMP. 
 
 Have a rnilii^or about a foot and a half high ar- 
 
TEACHING TRICKS. 16o 
 
 ranged on the ground where there is ample room for 
 the horse to have a little run. After you have taught 
 him to follow you on a run, you may run in front of 
 him and jump over the railing first, and say "jump!" 
 In most cases he will follow you; but if he shoald want 
 to go around it, or avoid jumping, you should put on 
 him the Pulley Breaking Bridle; the cord should be 
 about fifteen feet long; a little admonishing with it 
 will cause him to jump. As soon as he gets your 
 idea that you want him to jump, you may remove the 
 cord and teach him to jump at command. Having 
 the outside end of railing against a building will great- 
 ly assist in keeping the horse in bounds. In teaching 
 any trick always take him to the same place where you 
 began teaching him. Never leave one trick until it 
 is thoroughly understood; by leaving a trick half 
 learned, he will always perform it a-s being half un- 
 derstood, and will spoil the effect of the performance. 
 
 TO SAY "yes." 
 
 Stand in front of him, a little to one side; prick 
 him very lightly with a pin on the breast; thinking 
 it is a fly he will put his head down to chase it off; 
 reward him for so doing, and continue until the 
 slightest indication of extending your hand toward 
 his breast will cause him to lower his head. Always 
 bear in mind that to teach him to do the act at com- 
 mand, it will be necessary, always to associate the 
 word that you want him to learn, with the act; for 
 instanco: If rou want the horse to learn that the 
 
166 TEACHING TRICKS. 
 
 word "yes" means for him to bow his head, always 
 speak that word when you prick him on the breast, 
 and he will soon learn that "yes" means for him to 
 make a bow. After proper rewarding for obedience, 
 he will not only do the act through fear of punishment, 
 but will do it because he knows he is well treated 
 for complying with your wish. 
 
 TO SAY "no.'' 
 
 Go to left side of horse near the shoulder, holding 
 a pin in your right hand. Prick him lightly on the 
 neck near the shoulder. He will shake his head; 
 caress him and repeat the word "No," and the act, 
 until he learns that "N"o" means for him to shake 
 his head. This trick should not be taught for some 
 time after teaching him to say "yes." By practic- 
 ing them close together he will invariably run one 
 into the other, and you will fail to teach either one 
 correctly. 
 
 TO GALLOP. 
 
 Take the horse into an enclosure about thirty feet 
 in diameter; turn him loose and start him quickly 
 with the whip. When he gallops around the ring a 
 few times, stop him and reward. Start him at the 
 same place, use the same word ("Gallop") and have 
 limi go the same way around the ring every ■ time. 
 This will assist you greatly in conveying your idea 
 to the horse. Do not teach any other trick of a similar 
 character until this one is fullv learned. 
 
TEACHING 1HICK3. 167 
 
 TO WALK. 
 
 Start your horse around the ring in the opposite 
 direction from which you taught him to gallop. When 
 he has gone around several times, stop him, and pet 
 him. Should he go too fast use the word "Walk" and 
 have him go slower by making a slight move to the 
 front of him. Another way to teach the word walk, 
 is while in ordinary driving or while the horse is 
 trotting give him the command "Walk!" and imme- 
 diately give him a raking pull with the lines sufficient 
 to bring him io a walk. By repeating at short inter- 
 vals, you will be pleased to know that your horse will 
 have learned the meaning of ^Valk'' in two or three 
 lessons. 
 
 TO TEACH A HORSE TO TROT AT COMMAND. 
 
 This can be done while driving; while walking 
 along 9a3' "Trot!" and give him a slight stroke with 
 the whip. Be sure to give the command "Trot!" 
 before you give the stroke. In a short time he learns 
 that "trot" means to get out of a walk, or a stroke 
 of the whip surely follows. With a little further 
 training in the ring, he will start off on a run when 
 you ask him to "Gallop," and on hearing the word 
 "Trot," he obeys by slowing to that gait, and the 
 command "Walk" brings to that gait. 
 
 TO TEACH A HORSE TO APPEAR VICIOUS. 
 
 In teaching this trick it would only be necessary 
 to refer you to the many persons who have made 
 their horses vicious, by their improper actions, in 
 trying to train them for general use. About all that 
 
1%S TEACHING TRICKS. 
 
 is required in teaching this trick, is to tease the horse 
 a little and then pretend to be afraid of him, b}' run- 
 ning from him. After he has learned that he can make 
 you run, he will lay his ears back and act vicious when- 
 ever you act timid; and when you st-and your ground 
 firmly, he will act as gentle as any horse. This makes 
 one of the most sensational tricks that a horse can 
 be educated to perform. 
 
 A FEW GENERAL HINTS ON TRICK TRAINING. 
 
 A young trainer must not fall into the mistaken 
 notion that mere quickness in picking up a trick is 
 the best quality in an animal. There may be such a 
 thing as learning a lesson too rapidly, and what is 
 learned with but slight effort is sometimes forgotten 
 with equal readiness. Another thing, too much should 
 not be expected of one pupU. Public exhibitors are 
 able to show a large array of tricks because of the 
 number of horses they have, each as a rule, knowing 
 comparatively few of these tricks, or, in the case of 
 some of the "sensational^^ tricks, perhaps only one. 
 Still any animal of ordinary capacity ought, with 
 proper tuition, to be able to learn a sufficient variety 
 to satisfy any reasonable trainer. Judicious manage- 
 ment on the part of the exhibitor will often make a 
 variety of tricks out of a single one which the animal 
 has been taught. The first essential for success in 
 training animals is patience. At first in teaching 
 
 ?5ome difficult trick manv leapous mnv hp o-ivpn without 
 the shVhtept R-pparerit imnressiori beinsr made npon 
 the mind of the pupil and an uncommon decrree of 
 
, TEACHING TRICK.S. 1()9 
 
 patience and good temper is reqiurod to l)ear up against 
 «uch discouraging results. By and by however, the 
 pupil will suddenly appear to realize what is required 
 of him, and will perform, his task witli surprising 
 accuracy at the very moment his teacher is about to 
 give up in despair. Then each successive lesson is 
 learned ^nth greater ease and rapidity than the pre- 
 ceeding one; the weariness and disappointment of the 
 trainer is changed to pleasure at his success, and even 
 the horse appears to appreciate his master's joy, and to 
 take pride in his performance. As it is impossible 
 to explain to an animal what is required of him he can 
 be taught an action only by its constant repetition 
 until he becomes familiar with it. When he knows 
 ^'hat you want him to' do he will in almost all cases 
 comply with your wishes promptly and cheerfully. 
 For this reason punishment should be avoided, unless 
 the animal is wilful. As a general rule it interferes 
 with the success of the lessons. If the pupil is in 
 constant fear of bl'ows, his attention will be diverted 
 from the lesson; he will dread making any attempt 
 iro obey for fear of failure, and he will have a sneak- 
 ing look which will detract materially from the ap- 
 pearance of his performance. This is the case with the 
 horses instructed by a trainer in our locality who 
 "trains his horses with a club," the animals never 
 appearing as well as those taught by more gentle 
 means. A sharp word or a slight tap with the whip 
 will as effectually show your displeasure as the most 
 severe blows. It is both cruel and unwise to inflict 
 
170 
 
 TEACHING TRICKS 
 
 needless pain. It is well to make use of various little 
 tidbits as rewards for successful performance of tricks. 
 These serve as a powerful incentive to the animal as 
 well as to show him when he has done right. With- 
 holding the accustomed reward when he fails or hut 
 imperfectly performs his duty is much more effective 
 than any corporal punishment. The repetition of tlie 
 lesson until the animal will hunself perform the requir- 
 ed action, and the bestowal of these rewards whenever 
 he obeys your order, is really the main secret of train- 
 ing. Of course there are many imjportant details in" 
 the practical application, and many clever devices 
 resorted to by trainers to increase the effectiveness of 
 tricks, as well as skilful combinations of simple tricks 
 to produce elaborate and astonishing feats. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 1 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 i . 
 
 s 
 
PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. 
 
 CHAPTER Xlli. 
 
 As I have often been asked what ever possessed 
 me to engage in such a dangerous avocation as train- 
 ing colts and subduing vicious horses, I do not tliink 
 it improper to give a few explanations why I am in 
 this business, and also give a littb of my experience 
 in handling horses. I was bom and brought up near 
 Pleasant Hill, Ohio, on a farm, where I evinced some- 
 Avhat of a talent for training colts, but never had the 
 -opportunity of developing this talent until at one time 
 I was training one of my father's colts. As I think 
 the circumstance connected with this celt is the 
 identical one that started me in the horse train- 
 ing business, I will give you details of this case. 
 The colt was about three years old, and I had driven 
 him three or four times, when one Sunday afternoon 
 I drove him to a neighbor's liou^f^. I had to 
 cross a ditch and open a gate to get there, and when 
 coming out I was obliged to leave the colt alone, about 
 three rods from the gate, until I went back to shut it. 
 I noticed the colt was a little excited and very doubt- 
 ful about standing, but I thought I would start back. 
 
172 PERSONAL EXPERIENXE. 
 
 and if he made an attemiDt to start, I would grab the 
 lines and set him back and show him that he must 
 stand. He started and I grabbed the lines, but one 
 glipi>ed out of my hands, and it gave him too much of 
 a side jerk, which excited and made him more restless 
 than before. It had been m}' motto ever since I Avas a 
 little bo3% never to attempt to have a horse do anything 
 without having him do it, so I tried him once more, 
 expecting if he started again to manage some way to 
 teach him that he would have to stand. But this time 
 he got the start of me. I grabbed several times at the 
 lines but "failed to make connections.'' He ran as fast 
 as he could, upset the buggy, tore loose from it and ran 
 home. I had already determined to show him that he 
 would have to stand in that very place until I went 
 back to shut the gate. When I got home I found the 
 horse terribly excited; 1 then took the linjes out of 
 the rings and ran them through the shaft bearers of 
 the harness, got behind him and intended to teach him 
 that ^Yhoa! meant to stand, but didn't more than get 
 behind him than he started to run again. I knew of 
 no appliance by which I could take the advantage of 
 him except a crude form of War Bridle, which I made 
 out of an old clothes line. About all the advantage 
 it gave more than the lines, was that it made a slip 
 loop around the lower jaw. With the aid of this clothes 
 line, in about an hour and a half of hard work I suc- 
 ceeded in subduing him and making him perfectly 
 submissive to stop and start at word of command, 
 and also to stand until commanded to 2:0. I then 
 
PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. 17^ 
 
 hitched him to another vehicle and drove hini to the 
 very spot that he ran away from, and made him stand 
 until I went about three rods behind to shut the gate. 
 One week after that I had him liitched away from home 
 after night, when the hitching strap became untied; 
 he turned around with the buggy, went home, and from 
 all appearances walked every step of the way, and stood 
 by the stable door waiting to l^e unhitched, jnst as if 
 he had been driven there. The reason the colt did 
 not run and tear the buggy to peices was because he 
 thoroughly understood that the previous treatment 
 was for running away. A few months after that time 
 the colt was driven to a carriage, when the front wheel 
 came off while he was trotting at a fast rate. The axle 
 tree and weight of two persons came right against 
 his heels so hard that it tore the skin and flesh off both 
 of his heels, 3^et he was controlled and stopped in a very 
 short time, with all this weight directly against his 
 heels. This i^roved to me as well as to all who knew 
 of this case, that his submissiveness under such ex- 
 citement Avas entirely due to the treatment I gave him 
 for running away. The idea struck me then that if it 
 was possible to change a horse's character in so short 
 a time, and so fix the impression on the brain that he 
 would never forget his training, it would surely be 
 something worth knowing, and I began handling 
 horses and studying their nature from that time on. 
 I had handled £olts and bad horses for six months, 
 and had fully made up my mind to control and 
 educate horses, before I had ever heard of horse trainers 
 
174 PERGONAL EXPERIENCED 
 
 or ever knew there was any body traveling in the 
 business of "Horse Training," when one day, while 
 calling on a friend, I happened to see alDOok on Horse 
 Training. I immediately procured a copy of it, and 
 studied the subject with renewed zeal. A few months 
 later I saw a book advertised in a newspaper, which I 
 sent for at once, and made inquiry and searched for 
 other books that might be printed on the subject; 
 but to my surprise tliese were the only books that I 
 could find pertaining to Horse Training that were 
 worth looking at. Neither did I have an opportunity of 
 taking instructions under any Horseman, except at one 
 public exhibition at Dayton, 0. I went twentj'-five 
 miles to attend one of his evening exhibitions. With 
 this slight exception I had to get all my knowledge 
 through hard experience. Of course I got some very 
 good theories from these books, but theor}- is not 
 practice. Some of the first horses that I took to break 
 were bad dispositioned colts and Texas ponies, (as I 
 was just commencing to study and work in my new 
 profession, I had to accept such horses as were brought 
 •to me for training,) and some of them were the very 
 worst ponies in the country. 
 
 You will never know the narrow escapes, experien- 
 ces and hardships that I went through with, in hand- 
 ling these ponies, unless you would go through with 
 them yourself. At this time I had no books to get 
 ideas from, nor any appliances by which to take ad- 
 vantage of a horse. I will have to admit I did a great 
 deal of mv work through main strength and awkward- 
 
PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. 175 
 
 ness, yet I felt and saw that I was gaining ground, and 
 learning new ideas and points every day. Not only 
 dill I have to work without an instructor, books or ap- 
 pliances, but I was laboring under all manner of dis- 
 advantages and opposition. The neighbors and people^ 
 going along the road would make light of my work 
 and say ''I had better quit playing with colts and go i:o 
 work.'' And my folks at home were terribly opposed 
 to my handling horses, saying I would keep on until 
 I would get killed, etc. 
 
 Father finally forbade me bringing any more bad 
 horses on the place, saying that if I wanted to farm the 
 place any longer he would not allow me to bring any 
 more horses there to train. I toW him that I had fully 
 made up my mind, and resolved to make a horse trainer 
 out of myself, if I didn't get killed in learning the 
 business. "When he saw the determination I had to 
 master my profession, he submitted to my handling 
 horses. At this time I had an irresistible desire, and 
 almost an uncontrollable passion, for training colts and 
 subduing vicious horses. I haven't farmed any since 
 that time, but have had all the horses to train ever 
 since that I could handle and a great many more. I 
 have had from two to six colts and vicious horses 
 under training all the time for nearly three years, and 
 sometimes more. lir.viTii^- all kinds of vices — kickers, 
 balkers, shyers, halter pullei^, runaways, and colts. 
 After I had broken a few bad kicking horses kno^vn 
 to nearly every body for their viciousness, and saw 
 that they were made perfectly safe and gentle, ihey 
 
176 PERSONAL EXPEPIENCE. 
 
 began to fall in one by one, and recognize my work. 
 It was here where I originated my system of colt 
 training. Some of the first colts that I had trained 
 I gave two lessons. a day, and turned them over to 
 their owners in about two weeks. But I found that 
 it was giving them too much in a short time ; it brought 
 their lessons too close together, and two weeks was 
 not long enough to fix the impression on the brain. 
 So I changed my plan of training to giving one lesson 
 a day, and teaching them four weeks instead of two, 
 making their lesson about one hour in length, accord- 
 ing to my present system, as described in this book. 
 I found that lessons given in this way would be remem- 
 bered better than to give them two lessons a da}^ and 
 there would not be §o much danger of running the 
 lessons into each other. 
 
 A very important point I observed, was to teach 
 but one thing at a time. I learned through experience, 
 that it was almost impossible to give the colt the first 
 and second lesson both in one, or even in the same day. 
 The first lesson is to teach the colt to keep its heels 
 from us, its head towards us, and follow, while the next 
 lesson we teach is to keep its heels towards us, its head 
 from us, and go away from us; two ideas exactly op- 
 posite to each other. • In trymg to teach both ideas 
 at one time it only confuses the colt, and the conse- 
 quence will be to fjiil in teaching either point so that 
 the colt will ]•( 'member it. But I found by teaching 
 the colt one command at a time, it would so fix the 
 impression upon the brain that it would not forget it. 
 
PERSONAL KXPEKIEXCE. 
 
 177 
 
 and the next day I could teach it something directly 
 <^posite. and it would then retain both ideas. I soon 
 learned that my system of colt training was not only 
 the proper way of training colts, but that it was equally 
 applicable to all spoiled horses; as it is almost invari- 
 ably the rule for all spoiled horses, or any horses having 
 vices, to have but little or no education at all. And 
 how can you expect them to obey your command and 
 act intelligently without first teaching them what to 
 do? After you have subdued the bad, vicious, or un- 
 ruly horse, and made him willing to do all that he un- 
 derstands, it is just as important and necessary to 
 treat him with gentleness and kindness, and teach him 
 what you want him to do, as it is to be gentle and 
 patient with the colt. There is no better way of teach- 
 ing them what to do than to follow my system of colt 
 training. In all my private training of bad horses, 
 the first thing I do is to give them a course of sub- 
 jective treatment, to get them under control. Then 
 I always give them a repetition of colt training. Con- 
 trolling physical resistance is but a temporary bridge 
 acro>s a stream to enable us to build the real structure. 
 So subjection is but the means for reaching trie brain 
 to remove the exciting cause of resistance. If the 
 resistance is stimulated by fear, then show there is 
 no cause for fear — if through real viciousness, then 
 remove the sentiment by kind treatment — when the 
 horse's reason can be moulded and instructed as de- 
 sired. I claim there is no education in subjection any 
 further than it teaches the horge we are his master. 
 
178 FERSONAL EXPERIENCE. 
 
 It is simply getting a horse in shape or condition to be 
 taught. If it is possible to gain a had hoi8«'s better 
 nature, and win his confidence through kindness, with- 
 out any coercive treatment, which I think it is in a 
 great many cases, it is the very best kind of 
 subjection. But in nearly all cases where they are 
 confirmed in the habit, it will be necessary to use 
 coercive treatment to get them under subjection. I 
 have tried to make every point so simple and plain 
 that any one can easil}^ understand there is no mystery 
 in the control of horses beyond that of skilful treatment 
 When managed according to the Jaws of their 
 nature it becomes a very simple matter to subdue and 
 control even the most vicious horses. Every horse 
 made vicious or unmanageable, is so in reality through 
 bad treatment. To be a good horseman you should 
 always show by your actions and conduct, that you are 
 a man, and that your real superiority over horses con- 
 sists in the prudent exercise of your reasoning powers. 
 A man must have patience and courage, if necessary, 
 that borders on harshness, yet always holding himself 
 within the limits of safety. Whatever the difiiculties 
 or failures, he should only exhibit the. more care and 
 patience, until successful. It is especially important 
 that there be no foolhardiness, lack of judgment or 
 carelessness, that will expose the horse to danger or 
 accident. It is an invariable fault of those who claim 
 any skill or experience in the management of horses 
 to be over confident; to think too much of the little 
 they know of applying the treatment, and too little of 
 
PKKSOXAL EXPKHIENCE. 170 
 
 tlie (lifTiculties and danger of resistance in the horse 
 to be treated. A man who assumes to know all abont 
 horses, and can break any horse, etc., only gives to any 
 sensible, observing man, the strongest proofs of his 
 ignorance. The most ignorant men in the business are 
 tsually the greatest pretenders. Of course it will not 
 be difficult for any ordinary man, by following my 
 system of "Colt Training,*" to break the average bad 
 colts and horses. But if the case is at all critical, suc- 
 cess will depend upon making no mistakes and being 
 thorough. Every failure is an undoubted proof of 
 lack of judgment and good management. 
 
 In building a bridge, or any structure where large 
 risks of life are involved, extraordinary precautions 
 are taken to insure safety against accidents, by re- 
 quiring much more power than is expected to be used 
 at any time. Every part is tested as to its strength 
 and weight far beyond what it is ever required to 
 sustain, and when completed, is again proved, in order 
 to give assurance of its safety. Now in the subjection 
 of horses, especially those used for carrying and family 
 driving, where lives are risked, they should be treated 
 very thoroughly. I always give them such tests as they 
 will never be likely to have in ordinary using and driv- 
 ing; for instance, driving kickers and runaway horses 
 with tin pans and sleigh bells tied to the crupper of 
 their harness, leaving them hang down and striking 
 their heels evprr stfp they take. If they are nervous 
 and excitable. I drive them over paper, under flage 
 and umbrellas, rattle cow bells, tin pans, sleigh bells, 
 
 12 
 
180 PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. 
 
 beat drums, use horse fiddles, and make all the racket 
 I can have stirred up about them. In this way give 
 them to thoroughly understand that these objects 
 and racket will not hurt them. After a few lessons of 
 this kind the horse will take no notice of the usual 
 minor causes of fear, such as a bit of paper flying up 
 about him. an umbrella being carried in front of him, 
 or tlic sudden playing of a band. 
 
 I learned through some of my hard lessons of 
 experience that subduing a horse and making him 
 docile in one place would give but little assurance of 
 his being so at different places. He must have a repeti- 
 tion of subjective treatment at other places, especially 
 the places where he had been in the habit of resisting, 
 in order to break him reliably. We can subdue a horse 
 in a building, then take him outside without giving 
 him a repetition of the subjective treatment there, 
 and he will appear almost as bad as he was before he 
 had been subdued. We must take the advantage of him 
 outside enough to show him we can control him out- 
 side the building as well as we can inside, although 
 it will not require nearly as much work to make him 
 gentle and submissive as it did in the building. W^e 
 can almost subdue a vicious horse in the city amid all 
 the busy noise and din, then take him into the country 
 where everything is quiet, when he will become un- 
 managealile there. But on the other hand, we can 
 subdue a horse in the countiy, then take him to the 
 city, and he will become unmanageble there. At one of 
 the first places where I instructed a class I handled 
 
PERSONAL f:XPERIEXCE. 181 
 
 a very bad runaway mare ; and after I had subdued her 
 and made her submissive to drive without breeching^ 
 in the barn, I told them to throw the doors open, and 
 I would drive her outside. They did so, and the 
 moment her head was out of the barn she sprang forth 
 like a deer, and ran across a ten acre field as fast as her 
 legs would take her. I thought it very strange that 
 she would take a spell of that kind after being subdued; 
 but that was the way I learned it was necessary to 
 give a horse a repetition of the treatment outside the 
 building. As soon as I got the mare stopped, I took her 
 out of the shafts and gave her a little subjective treat- 
 ment, after which she drove as gentle on the road as 
 in the building. After I had been handling horses for 
 about a year, and had successfully broke all the horses 
 brought to me, a great many of my friends advised me 
 to go on the road as a "Horse Trainer,'' saying that I 
 could make a great deal more money in that way; but 
 knowing there were already too many professional 
 men on the road that were not masters of their pro- 
 fession, I declined. I have always been of the opinion 
 that if a man was not respected, and did not have a 
 reputation at home, he could not make a success away 
 from home. I also felt that I had a great deal to learn 
 at home, and was determined to build a reputation as 
 a horse trainer at home first. After I had handled 
 a number of colts and horses in the immediate neigh- 
 borhood and community, I advertised through the 
 local papers that I would educate colts, and train kick- 
 ers, runaways, balkerF;, shyors, halter puller?, etc. I 
 
182 
 
 FE K FON A L EX PERI ENCE. 
 
PER50XAI. EXf'ERIKXCE. 18-3 
 
 then received horses from adjoining counties, some 
 coming as far as twenty-five and thirty miles. By 
 handling horses in this way for a little over two years, 
 I received a very good practical knowledge of different 
 dispositions and vices in horses. In this way I learned 
 to judge a horse's disposition at sights almost as correct- 
 ly as the man that owned the horse could describe it. 
 The most serious objections I had to handling horses 
 in this manner were: First — It was only the very 
 worst dispositioned horses that were brought me to, 
 handle; and in the next place^ they were gwned by men 
 that were timid, and afraid of gentle horses. Some- 
 times, after I would give them a course of training, 
 and make them gentle and safe enough for any body 
 to drive that knew enough to hold the lines, say ''Get 
 up!*'and"\V}ioa ! ''they would use them a little while, 
 and then let them know by thnir actions they were 
 afraid of them. Of course the horse, after seeing he 
 had opportunity, would frequently take it, and fall 
 into his old tracks, when I would take hiui back an^ 
 give him another course of handling, to get kim under 
 control again. I don't mean to say that all the horses 
 that I broke were owned by timid or careless drivers, 
 for I am glad to say that I handled horses for some 
 of the very best horsemen in the country. I do not 
 mean to speak disrespectfully of the men who are 
 timid and afraid of horses, because we all know it ia 
 natural for some men to be afraid of horses of any 
 kind. However, I am very grateful to all whose horses 
 I have handled, and thank them very much fr their 
 
ISi PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. 
 
 patronage; but as stated above, that was a very serious 
 difficulty and objection to training horses privately. 
 Any man that is a coward, afraid of timid horses, 
 should have nothing to do with bad dispositioned 
 horses, or any horse of doubtful character, for they 
 will notice it and take advantage of it. Horses of that 
 nature should be treated ^vith firmness always; when 
 you speak to them, speak with distinctness. When you 
 want them to go, say "Get up!" in such a way that 
 they will know that you mean for them to get out of 
 their tracks immediately. 
 
 As I have omitted saying much about the whip, I 
 will give you my opinion of it here. I am often asked 
 whether I ever whip horses. I answer yes, but only 
 when absolutely necessary. The only object in using 
 a whip is to excite the fears of the horse, and make 
 him respect your authority b}^ slight punishment when 
 he does a wrong action. It should never be used as 
 an instrument of revenge, and no man is fit to break or 
 educate a horse unless he can control his own temper. 
 Fear and anger should never be felt by good horsemen. 
 To a horse merely wild and timid, the whip should be 
 but little used. Eandness will secure his confidence 
 and remove his fears of you. A severe whipping may 
 excite his passions to such an extent as to forever ruin 
 him as a quiet driver. I never whip a horse unless I 
 can do it in time, and in such a way that I am sure 
 he will understand what the punishment is for. When 
 we are not in a position that we can force submission, 
 it would be far better not to touch the horse with the 
 
PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. 185 
 
 whip. When it is necessary to whip tlie horse, use a 
 good bow top whip with a good cracker on it, and give 
 him a sharp cut around the hind legs next the body, 
 and speak sharply to him. iSTever give a stroke without 
 accompanying it with the, voice. Your voice and the 
 crack of the whip effects as much as the stroke astonish- 
 es him. Don't whip too much. Just enough to dis- 
 concert and scare him. ISTever whip across the body; 
 a few sharp cuts around the legs will frighten him 
 that he will respect your authority. There are no horses 
 so perfect that they should be driven without a whip 
 in the buggy. It is true that there are a great many 
 horses that require the use of the whip very seldom, but 
 when it is needed, it is needed just as much as if it were 
 iu demand more frequontly. For instance you are 
 driving along the road, and your horse gets scared 
 at a bit of paper or some other o])ject, and he 
 starts backwards, possibly towards a deep ditch. 
 If you liave no whip you have to let him go and 
 take the consequences, if you have a whip you can 
 give him a cut wath it and save a collision. It is always 
 safer to have a whip with you and have your horse un- 
 derstand what whips are made for. But do not abuse 
 your power. I 'have known more flesh whipped off 
 a horse in a day than you could feed on in a week. 
 
 After two years of this kind of experience of hand- 
 ling horses all the time, sometimes having as high as six 
 bad horses at one time, I then felt that my experience 
 and knowledge gained in this way might be worth 
 something to the public; for I think people who use 
 
18G 
 
 PERSON AL EXPERIENCE. 
 
 and handle horses need the instruction a great deal 
 more than tiie horses do. I iufJtructed my first classes 
 in barns, but found that I could not accommodate all, 
 neither could I handle liorses so well on a cramped 
 barn floor: sn I purchased a large tent and set it 
 up at the neighboring towns. I would generally 
 solicit about a week for a class, and would have from 
 one hundred to two hundred scholars in a class, charg- 
 ing one dollar and a half per scholar, giving them five 
 or six lessons. I always gave them the privilege of hav- 
 ing their money back on the last evening, if they were 
 not satisfied with the instructions -given them. I am 
 happy to say that I have yet the first scholar to ask 
 the rturn of his money. This gave me great encourage- 
 ment, as also did the recommendations they gave me 
 at nearly all the places I have had classes, which 
 were not only unsolicited, but urged upon me. I 
 offer some uf the many received, substantiating my 
 claims. 
 
TESTIMONY OF OTHERS, 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 The following is a local or sketch that contains my 
 name the first time it was ever in print: 
 
 JESSE BEERY. 
 
 Prior to the days of Professor Earey, horse taming 
 was regarded as a humbug, but he demonstrated be- 
 yond a doubt that the most vicious horse could be sub- 
 dued and rendered subservient to man through kind- 
 ness. Since then quite a number have distinguished 
 themselves as trainers of the noble animal. One of 
 the most successful trainers in this part of the countr}'' 
 at the present time, is the gentleman whose name 
 heads this sketch, Mr. Beery is yet very young, but 
 when a small boy he evinced a talent for training colts, 
 and as soon as he w^as old enough to investigate the 
 subject, he devoted his whole time to training horses. 
 He takes any kind of a horse and trains it for its owner, 
 chardns: onlv a reasonable fee for his services. 
 
 The next is an announcement of my first public 
 exhibition, given about two miles from home, Sept. 
 1st, 1888. My admission fee was twenty-five cents. 
 
JS^ . TESTIMONY. 
 
 and there were nearh' one hundred people "present^ 
 including a few ladies: 
 
 Jesse Beery will give his first public exhibition 
 Sept. 1, in Xate Iddings' large barn, near Pleasant 
 Hill. He will show up his S3'stem of training coits 
 and breaking vicious horses. 
 
 Prof. Jesse Beer}^, our skilled horse trainer, has- 
 at present in training six of the equines, which have 
 natural and acquired cussedness. Among them is a 
 fifteen year old kicker from Woodington, Ohio. He 
 gives them ^'Jesse'^ ever}^ time. 
 
 A short time before my first exhibition, 1 pur- 
 chased a very bad dispositioned colt, one that would 
 balk, rear and plunge. I will describe her head, for 
 I think it had about as many characteristics indicating 
 a bad disposition as is generally found in one head. 
 She had a very long head, narrow between the eyes 
 and between the ears, had long ears, with plenty of 
 long hair inside of them. Her eyes were small and 
 set well back in her head. On account of her being so 
 mean and ugty, I was determined to control her, and 
 thought I would see how far I could teach her; before 
 I: quit I drove her by the signal of a whip, without 
 bridle or lines. While driving her in a neighboring 
 
TESTIMONY. ISl)" 
 
 town (Covington) one day, the editor of tlie Gazette 
 saw me driving her, and gave the following local : 
 
 Jesse Beery, of Pleasant Hill, gave an exhibition 
 on our streets Monda}', of the power of mind over a 
 three year old colt. It was driven without lines or 
 bridle, made to walk, trot, stop, or turn either way, 
 all by the motion of the wliip. It was a remarkable 
 exhibition. 
 
 The following is from a class at Kessler Station: 
 One of the most pleasing and instructive exhibi- 
 tions, held one mile north of Kessler Station, at Mr. 
 G. W. Beckys barn, in the w^ay of educating the horse, 
 has just closed, with very gratif3dng success. Mr. Jesse 
 Beery, of Pleasant Hill, Ohio, well and favorably known 
 in this and adjoining counties as a trainer of vicious 
 horses, and an educator of colts or young horses, spared 
 no pains to teach the people how to train and educate 
 the horse to make him man's most useful servant and 
 true friend. He completely subdued and broke a 
 kicking colt that the owner could not work. He thor- 
 oughly conquered an eighteen year old mare that had 
 not been shod for years, so that she meekly submitted 
 to be shod. We, as members of his class, can cheer- 
 fully recommend him as a master workman, and worthy 
 of patronage in his profession: 
 
 A. R. Renner, Benjamin Thuma, 
 
 Wm. Kerr, Wm. ISToonan, 
 
 Henry Jay, Henry Blackmore, 
 
190 TESTIMONY. 
 
 J. B. Fagan, . Thomas Brown, 
 
 John Hale, G-orge W. Beck, 
 
 S. ^. Fennel, New Waverly, Ind. 
 Prof. Beery will commence with a class in horse 
 training, in Laura, 0., on Monda}', August 5th. Mr. 
 Beery has won, and justly too, such a reputation among 
 our people that it is only necessary to say to them that 
 ne is coming, and it insures him a hearing. 
 
 Prof. Beery, Pleasant Hill, closed his term of 
 horse training at Laura, Saturday evening. He had 
 a class of one hundred scholars. His large tent was 
 crowded each evening. Mr. Beery is a success. 
 
 HOV\^ TO BREAK VICIOUS HORSES. 
 
 Prof. Jesse Beery will instruct a class in Horse- 
 manship in a large tent at Covington, on Thursday 
 evening, November 7th, at 7:30. Please bring out 
 your bad horses, as they will be handled for the class 
 free of charge. There will be a number of all kinds 
 of dispositions and characters of horses handled, tIz: 
 kickers, balkers, shyers, runaways, etc. 
 
 Later. — Having been members of Prof. Jesse 
 Beery's class in horse training, at Covington, we heart- 
 
TESTIMONY, 
 
 11)1 
 
 ily endorse his work, both as practical and reasonable^ 
 and recommend his lectures to all who would educate 
 the horse to love and obey his master. 
 
 J.. D. Falconer, 
 John Cassell, 
 Dr. H. D. Rinehart, 
 I. D. Hickman, 
 R. M. Shellebarger, 
 John E. Billingsby, 
 H. J. Perry, 
 C. B. Fletcher, 
 Samuel Hart, 
 Levi Falknor, 
 John Tobias, 
 Adam H. Jones, 
 A. E. Williams, 
 Abe Deeter, 
 H. Mohler, 
 James D. Rike, 
 iST. N". Kreighbaum, 
 A sherry Basil, 
 Howard N". Brown, 
 W. C. Murray, 
 Son. A. C. Cable, 
 
 Joshua Grubb, 
 
 Dr. John Harrison^ 
 
 A. C. DeAveese, 
 
 Henry Land is, 
 
 Jot Folckemer, 
 
 F. M. Perry, 
 
 C. M. Albaugh, 
 
 S. Mowery, 
 
 John Fox, 
 
 K H. Tobias, 
 
 M. Ivoon, 
 
 S. B. Reiber, 
 
 J. W. Freshour, 
 
 Ira Mohler, 
 
 Henry Spitler, 
 
 Geo. Lindsay. 
 
 John F. Etter, 
 
 Ira W. Jones, 
 
 Perry C. Ratcliff, 
 
 R. M. Deeter, 
 
 Dr. A. S. Rosenberscer, 
 
 Tlie undersigned, at Troy, 0., take pleasure in 
 bearing testimony to the skill of Prof. Jesse Beery, of 
 I'leasant Hill, 0., in educating colts and training bad 
 korses. We have seen the good of his work on green 
 colts, halter pullers, kickers, shyers, horses bad to shoe. 
 
192 TESTIMONY. 
 
 •etc., and know that the itnpressions made are lasting. 
 
 Any horse that has come through his system of train- 
 ing comes out obedient, gentle, and greatly enhanced 
 in value. 
 
 Col. 0. H. Binkley, Geo. E. :\rcKaig, 
 
 W. A. Eddy, E. E. Moore, 
 
 Grant Myers, Peter Brown, 
 
 Aaron Deeter, W. J. Hall, 
 
 Mrs. H. A. Dye, S. J. McCurdy, 
 
 Frank Sewell, G. ^Y. Graham, 
 
 C. D. Miller, C. Y. Hottel, 
 
 E. D. Hottel, C. F. Miller, 
 
 C. L. Westhoven, W. I. Tenny, 
 
 A. F. Broomhall, John Landry. 
 
 At Phillipshurg I instructed the largest class that 
 I ever had, some evenings having more than my tent 
 would hold, and it has seating capacity for three hun- 
 dred people. There were a number of men fifty and 
 sixty years old in my class, who indorsed my system, 
 but I will only mention the names of a few who are in- 
 terested the most in horses. 
 
 We, the undersigned, have attended Prof. Jesse 
 Beery's lecture on the education of colts and vicious 
 horses, at Pliillipsburg, 0., and have been greatly in- 
 structed. His wonderful success proves that his sj^stem 
 of training exceeds all others, and the practical illus- 
 tration of the same receives our hearty endorsement. 
 Mr. Beery deserves respect and esteem for his valuable 
 instruction in tlie management of horses, and we wish 
 
TESTIMONY. 
 
 193 
 
 to show our appreciation of his good work by heartily 
 recommending his system to the public: 
 
 J. E. Barnes, 
 Wm. Detrick, 
 S. E. Folkereth, • 
 J. S. Becker, 
 L. B. Harley, 
 H. 0. Landis. 
 Ezra Folkcreth, 
 Casper Price, 
 C. C. Kossler, 
 Abe Emerick, 
 Albert Albaugh, 
 Samuel Heisey, 
 Harvey Klepinger, 
 Adam Thomas, 
 Ellis Gray, 
 Sam. Shelley, 
 Elmer Shelleberger, 
 Chas. Anderson, 
 
 A. E. Hickman, 
 W. J. Piimphrey, 
 
 B. F. Spitler, 
 
 C. E. Wagner, 
 Isaiah Oaks, 
 
 S. Binkley, 
 
 I. N. Becker, 
 J. R. Lees, 
 J. H. Falknour, 
 L. Pearson. 
 
 E. Pearson, 
 L. Harmon. 
 D. Heisey, 
 D. B. Crow, 
 
 D. H. Warner, 
 David Isenbarger, 
 M. D. S. Hutchison, 
 Adam 3Sinnick, 
 David Hess, 
 
 X. W. Einehart, 
 Geo. Waybright, 
 
 F. 0. Thomas, 
 
 E. W. Spitler, 
 Harvey Hayworth, 
 John Spitler, Sr., 
 J. C. Cams, 
 Samuel Weaver, 
 D. C. Falknor, 
 Theo. Falknor, 
 Wm. F. Wagner, 
 
 Aaron Dohner. 
 
 The last class given before writing this book was 
 
194 TESTIMONY. 
 
 at Piqua, O.^, in the Ideal Eink^ where I handled a 
 number of extremely bad horses. — The following was 
 in the '^Dispatch :" 
 
 HORSE TRAINING EXHIBITION.— PROF. BEERY S WON- 
 DERFUL HANDLING OF VICIOUS ANIMALS. 
 
 Prof. J. Beery, who is now instructing a class in 
 the handling of horses of a vicious nature, is one of 
 the most remarkable horsemen that it has been our 
 lot to see. D. H. Heater, Esq., the popular 
 Main Street grocer, is enthusiastic in his praise of 
 Prof. Beery^ and says that in all his experience he 
 lias never seen his equal, and that he has witnessed per- 
 formances giren by others, and between them there 
 is no comparison. Mr. Heater is a horseman himself, 
 and knows whereof he speaks. . Last night Prof. 
 Beery handled Prof. Wm. McMaken's two year old 
 colt, John Daber"s three year old, the kicking, biting 
 and striking pony owned by James Hilliard, an animal 
 noted for its viciousness, besides the "Warwick horse,'' 
 an animal that would run at the drop of a hat. Every 
 one of these were subdued and made almost as gentle as 
 lambs. Nobody should fail to see this wonderful per- 
 formance. 
 
 From the Editors of the "Dispatch." 
 
 WONDERFUL HORSE TRAINING. 
 
 A wonderful exhibition of horse training is now 
 in progress at the Ideal Rink, given b}' Prof. Beery. 
 La^t uio-ht this geutleman subdued the vicious Hil- 
 
TESTIMONY. % 105 
 
 Hard pon}', which had to be led into the riiilv by a rope 
 about twenty-five feet long. In about three quarters 
 of an hour the Professor had the animal under com- 
 plete control, and it was gentle as a lamb. He has a 
 number of other horses of a vicious nature that he 
 will subdue. This morning he exhibited in front of 
 the Dispatch office a three year old, driven to a buggy 
 without the use of lines, and so completely was it under 
 control, that it could be driven any where by signs of 
 the whip. He is a wonderful horseman. 
 
 The previous extracts, notices, and recommenda- 
 tions, together with a number of others, have all been 
 obtained mthin a radius of twenty miles from where I 
 was born and raised. I always made it a point to satis- 
 fy every man whose horse I trained. Some of the first 
 horses that I broke I made no charge for at all, although 
 the owners wanted to pay me for my work. I took their 
 horses partially to experiment upon, and gained enough 
 knowledge pertaining to the art to repay me for my 
 work. Often times men, through carelessness, would let 
 their horses get the advantage of them and fall into 
 their old habits, when I would take them back and mkke 
 them gentle again without charge. However, I am glad 
 to say that they were very few that it was necessary for 
 me to take back. My patrons commenced talking for 
 me, which was the best kind of advertising, and in this 
 way I soon had more horses to educate than I coxild 
 handle. I think I would be justified in saying that 
 when I quit training horses at home I could have had 
 
 13 
 
196 ' TESTIMONY. 
 
 at command five times as many colts and horses as 
 would have been possible for any one man to handle. 
 
 I will say right here that I am indeed grateful to 
 my neighbors and many friends, who, after looking at 
 my theory and system of training from a rational stand 
 point, gave me great encouragement in my efforts. It 
 seemed that the very parties that ^'hooted," and made 
 light of my work at first, after being in one of my class- 
 es, changed their views, and did a great deal more good 
 in my behalf than parties who never opposed me. 
 
 I am often asked whether I teach horses to per- 
 form tricks. As training a horse to perform tricks is not 
 very practical to the horse owner generally, I have never 
 practiced teaching them in this way much. Of course, 
 when a young man owns a nice little horse, and has 
 taught him a few tricks, such as following, shaking 
 hands, lying down, etc., it makes him appear more tract- 
 able and intelligent than he otherwise would. When I 
 parted with the ugly colt that I had trained to drive 
 without lines, I purchased a well bred two year old 
 Hambletonian colt, which was exceedingly spirited, but 
 didn t have a great deal more brain than the other colt. 
 However, 1 made up my mind to drive him without 
 lines. After teaching him the signals of the whip for 
 a couple of weeks, I hitched him up for the first time 
 he was ever driven. I drove him by the motion of the 
 whip, without the use of lines, and have been driving 
 him that way ever since. It being the first colt that I 
 had ever lieard of being driven in this way, without 
 having first been driven with lines, I thought it quite 
 
1^8 TESTIMONY. 
 
 a feat, espeeiall}^ on account of his having so much 
 natural fear of ahnost every conceivable object. I con- 
 trolled him with the motion of the whip, when it would 
 have been almost impossible for any one to man- 
 age him with the lines in the ordinary way. Some- 
 times he would get so frightened that he would trem- 
 ble/ yet he would obey the signal of the whip, and 
 march right up and feel of the object with his nose. I 
 have driven him some of the darkest nights without 
 bridle or lines, controlling him by commands. He 
 knew right from left. When I would want him to 
 turn, I would give the command right or left. He 
 would turn as quickly at the word of command as by 
 a signal of the whip. Now, if it is possible to teach 
 and educate a horse to such a point, why cannot you 
 teach them to obey the few commands necessary for 
 their general use, and prevent or overcome the many 
 vices which they are liable to fall into when carelessly 
 managed. 
 
 I wish to call your attention to the Vaughn mare, 
 of Eichmond, Ind. She was a high bred trotting mare, 
 and her habit was to rear and throw herself, if not al- 
 lowed to start as soon as put in shafts, or if held back, 
 would refuse to go at all. On account of her remark- 
 able self-will and treachery I -^^dll give a brief descrip- 
 tion of her. When she was hitched up it required four 
 men to hold her, but she finally became so bad that she 
 could not be hitched up at all. I gave her one lesson 
 before the class, and (by getting privilege from the au- 
 thorities of the city) I gave her one lesson on the street 
 
TESTIMONY. 109 
 
 in the presence of hundreds of people. The police 
 guarded the street, and we had full sway for about an 
 hour, when she submitted to stay on all four feet, stop, 
 start, and turn either way at command. Mr. Vaughn 
 requested me to keep her in charge until I was sure 
 she would be thoroughly educated, which I did. As I 
 wanted to spend a short time at home I took her with 
 me, and returned her in ten days a model driving 
 horse. This was a valuable beast that was not worth 
 anj'thing Avhen I took her in charge. I saw the owner 
 a few months after I had handled his mare, and he told 
 me that she had not made a bad move since I handled 
 her. 
 
 The following experience, extracts and endorse- 
 ments, have been received since my first books were 
 published : 
 
 Richmond Daily Item, April 11, 1892. 
 
 WON THEIR CONFIDENCE. 
 
 Prof. Beer5% by his excellent work here, won the 
 entire confidence of all with whom he was brought in 
 contact, and by his unquestionable correct methods 
 must have done good here. He not only understands 
 his business, but has a faculty of imparting it to others 
 m a way that they not only can not help but under- 
 stand it, but be impressed with it. In this he must 
 do a good deal of good in improving the condition of the 
 horse, not only in its better education but in its treat- 
 ment. He treats the horse more as a child than as an 
 animal, and the results he gets, even with horses that 
 
200 TESTIMONY. 
 
 have been abused by never being taught anything, are 
 wonderful, as well as gratifying, 
 
 A proof of this is seen in the case of the John 
 Vaughn mare. She is a remarkably fine trotter but had 
 been spoiled in the breaking and handling so that she 
 had formed dangerous habits which hurt her value a 
 great deal. Mr. Vaughn spent fifty dollars in money 
 trying to have her taught by other trainers and got no 
 benefit. In two lessons Mr. Beery had succeeded so well 
 that Mr. Vaughn has sent the horse to Mr. Beery's 
 training barn, at Pleasant Hill, where he will train her 
 until he is satisfied with her. 
 
 Eichmond Daily News. 
 
 The exhibition of Prof. Beer}', which he calls a 
 school, is attracting a good deal of attention and also 
 doing a great deal of good here by educating the mem- 
 bers of the class up to the handling of horses by ration- 
 al treatment. It is so wonderful what he does with the 
 most vicious liorses, simply by following a few rules 
 founded on common sense, that it seems as if anybody 
 ought to be able to do it. He has a few rules, which 
 seem to be, when simplified into the least possible com- 
 pass: 
 
 Let your horse know what jou want him to do so 
 that he fully understands. 
 
 Let him know that he will receive kind treatment 
 if he does it and will be corrected if he does not. 
 
 When you start out to make him do anything, make 
 him do it thoroughly before you quit. 
 
TESTIMONY. 201 
 
 As the result of this treatment with the few ap- 
 pliances he uses he produces most remarkable results. 
 One of them was in the Linn Mather pony. It had 
 become so confirmed a halter puller that it had not 
 been tied up either on the street or in the stable, for 
 four years; it broke every halter. After fifteen min- 
 utes treatment last night he tied the pony to a post 
 with a string and fired a pistol at it8 head and it 
 hardly winked. A mustang which has been owned 
 here for years, and was so smart a kicker that it 
 would almost shave a man who came around its heels, 
 was so completely subdued in fifteen minutes that 
 he couldn't get it to kick. These and many other 
 examples show the efficacy of his treatment. 
 
 A GOOD SYSTEM. 
 
 To whom it may concern: — Having attended the 
 lectures delivered by Prof. Beery in this city on colt 
 training and the management of vicious horses, I takc^ 
 pleasure in recommending him to all who may be in any 
 way interested in the management of horses. By his 
 system the intelligence of the horse is appealed to— 
 this is particularly noticeable in his treatment of colts, 
 which it is a real pleasure to witness. He is also equally 
 successful in the management of vicious horses, which 
 he controls with his safety appliances without any brut- 
 al treatment of the horse, first giving him to understand 
 that he is master and then educating him. The ladies 
 of this city have also been much interested and enter- 
 tained by attending the lectures. 
 
 CHAS. N". HOWARD, 
 
 Mayor of Xenia, 0. 
 
202 
 
 TEST1M0^Y. 
 
 SKILLFUL HORSEMANSHIP. 
 
 West Libert}'; Logan, Co.^ 0. 
 
 March 14, 189 L 
 We. the undersigned, citizens of Logan and Cham- 
 paign counties, take great pleasure in certifying that 
 Prof. Jesse Beery's practical system of colt training 
 and subduing wild and vicious horses was the greatest 
 success ever witnessed in this part of the country. We 
 further say that Prof. Beery is a thorough master of his 
 profession, and we recommend him to the public in gen- 
 eral. 
 
 F. X. Speece, 
 
 L. E. Baldwin, 
 
 David Stayrook, 
 
 Couchman & Muzzy, 
 
 AVuL Thomas, 
 
 A. H. Couchman, 
 
 C. S. Shoulton, 
 
 B. M. Cook, 
 
 C. P. Wallace, 
 
 H. A. Crockett, 
 
 G. Shoemaker, 
 
 J. H. Couchman, 
 
 S. P. Wolf, 
 
 Jeff Davis, 
 
 H. M. Black, 
 
 J. C. King, 
 
 John Kelly, 
 
 D. G. King, 
 
 Josiah Kelly, 
 
 Fremont Kirkwood, 
 
 J. A. King, 
 
 Jacob King, 
 
 H. N. Kiser, 
 
 D. G. Lakin, 
 
 John B. King, 
 
 C. C. Moffit, 
 
 L. Elliott, 
 
 J. Men-itt, 
 
 Jas. L. Fink, 
 
 J. G. Hunter, 
 
 David Gill, 
 
 S. Hanna, 
 
 J. H. Gibble, 
 
 A. H. Henkle, 
 
 David K. Hooley, 
 
 Frank Hayes, 
 
TESTIMONY. 
 
 203 
 
 Ii. He ding ton, 
 B. E. Harris, 
 H. Jones, 
 H. Mohr, 
 A. G. Miller, 
 Z. Xickerson, 
 0. M. Xowell, 
 H. H. Xewell, 
 Is. C. Xewell, 
 A. M. Yoder, 
 Rudv Yoder. 
 
 David Harn 
 B. P. Hanum, 
 Jacob Piatt, 
 J. M. Pitman, 
 John Pine, 
 James Randal, 
 J. C. Eock, 
 D. D. Smucker, 
 Wm. Stewart, 
 John Shragle, 
 
 EQUINE TRAINING SCHOOL. 
 
 Sidney, Ohio, Oct. 7, 1891. 
 An exhibition of subduing vicious horses, and 
 training those unbroken, was given here on Tuesday 
 evening, by Prof. Jesse Beery, who may rightfully 
 be said to be a master in the work. It was the first 
 of a series of lessons that will be given before classes 
 interested in horses. His work was witnessed by nearly 
 one hundred persons, to whom it was an interesting 
 lecture, with practical demonstrations. The first sub- 
 ject was an unbroken colt, the property of Louis Kah, 
 Jr. It had never had anything on except a halter, 
 and was as green as a colt could be, with 
 considerably more fire than the ordinary equine in- 
 fant, being highly bred. The second horse was the 
 meanest one, probabl}', in Shelby county. It was a 
 four vear old mare of A. C. Fry. The animal some 
 
204 TESTIMONY. 
 
 time ago ran away with a load of furniture, and with 
 divers other loads since. She frightened at paper, flags- 
 and umhrellas, and has alwa3^s been unsafe for the best 
 drivers. The Professor said the first thing she needed, 
 was to understand she had a master, and he would 
 therefore throw her down a few times, to open a train 
 of thought for her. He had hard work to do it, and 
 when down he brought a string of tin pans and rattled 
 them. She struggled in her fright and got up, but 
 was thrown again and again, and each time the pan& 
 were tried. In five minutes she would not look at them,, 
 and loose paper was tried. This was too much, and for 
 a time she would not give it a friendly sniff, but in the 
 end concluded it was harmless. Hoisted umbrellas- 
 and waving flags were tried, and then she was permit- 
 ted to rise and try all of them. She flinched at firsts 
 but at last she went around the ring with loose paper 
 in her straps, flags in her bridle and an umbrella over 
 her head. She did this without being held by the lines^, 
 and when the audience cheered she pricked up her ears 
 and, nodded her head as if in appreciation of the compli- 
 ment. It was conceded that the handsome animal was 
 worth a great deal more money when she went out 
 than when she came in. Several ministers and a num- 
 ber of ladies were interested spectators. It was a prac- 
 tical lecture. of great value, and the series to follow^ will 
 do everv one who sees and hears them great good. 
 
 The f ollo^^ing is a recommendation written by one 
 of the most prominent and highly esteemed citizens of 
 
TESTIMONY. 205 
 
 Urbana, where I instructed a class of about scventy- 
 iive scholars: 
 
 Mayor's Of!ice. 
 Urbaiia, 0., September 18, 1891. 
 This is to certify that I have attended the lectures 
 of Prof. Beery, and can cheerfully recommend him 
 to the public. I believe his system of training and 
 handling young horses the best I have ever seen. His 
 system for breaking halter pullers is unequaled. I was 
 present when he handled some of our worst kickers, 
 halter pullers, shyers, horses difficult to shoe, afraid of 
 different objects, and that have various bad habits. It 
 would be well for every horseman, blacksmith, or any 
 one interested in horses, to attend his lectures and se- 
 cure one of his books. I will personally guarantee sat- 
 isfaction, and I hope that every one may see the Pro- 
 fessor's wonderful power over horses, as well as his 
 kind and sensible manner of breaking young horses and 
 subduing vicious ones. 
 
 C. H. GAXSOX, Mayor. 
 
 Springfield Sunday Xews. 
 
 HORSE SENSE. 
 
 A Thing Which Should Always Bp, but Which Rare- 
 ly Is, Possessed by Owners and Drivers of Horses — 
 Not One Horse in One Hundred is at all Properly 
 Trained— The Training School and Tent Exhibits 
 of Prof. Jesse Beery in This City Last Week — It 
 
^06 TESTIMONY. 
 
 Will J3e Continued This Week, With Exhibits on 
 Tuesday and Wednesday Evenings. 
 
 The average man is generally -u'ell satisfied with 
 himself and his knowledge of men and affairs, until 
 he runs up against some one who is a specialist, who 
 has mastered some branch of usefulness, and tJien the 
 ^'average man" is dazed by his own ignorance. 
 
 Every community has a generous quota of self- 
 made horsemen, who can tell yon all the modi oper- 
 andi of breaking and training horses. But when 
 you bring them into the presence of such a master of 
 horsemanship as Prof. Jesse Beer}^, wjio instructed 
 s. class and gave tent exhibitions in this city last week — 
 then yonr self-made horsemen admit that they have to 
 unlearn and "learn over again'^ the correct, natural 
 and hmnane method of educating a horse. 
 
 It is a matter of daily demonstration that the 
 average man and woman is either incapable of or will 
 not devote the time and patience to properly educat- 
 ing their o-wai children. It does not require then a 
 very powerful mental effort to conceive how utterly 
 faulty and bad must be the education bestowed upon 
 ^^only a horse'^ by the aforesaid average man or woman. 
 
 Prof. Jesse Beery is a native and resident of 
 Miami county, and his post office address is Pleasant 
 Hill. He was born and raised on a farm, and is thor- 
 oughly established in the business, having been a 
 professional trainer and educator for ten years, and 
 has been giving public instruction and education in 
 
TESTIMONY. 207 
 
 horsemanship for the past eight 3'ears. There is noth- 
 ing mysterious nor occult, nor anything cruel in the 
 Professors educational methods. His tools or appli- 
 ances consist wholly of straps or ropes, which are so 
 adjusted as to give, when needed, complete control and 
 mastery over the horse, and yet not injure him. Prof. 
 Beery is noticeably kind and considerate in his treat- 
 ment of all the horses placed in his care. He states 
 that to subdue or '^break"^ a refractory or vicious horse, 
 young or old, is simply to educate it. The first step 
 is to allay its fears, to teach it that you mean it no 
 harm, and then to convince it that you are master, 
 and that correction, not brutal or passionate, will 
 quickly follow disobedience or willfulness. 
 
 The Professor has published a handsomely printed 
 and bound book, illustrated from life, giving full and 
 explicit instructions in the application of his educa- 
 tional system in horsemanship. The book has had 
 quite a large sale in this city, and practical horsemen 
 say it is the very simplest and best work of its kind 
 they ever met with. Its system is natural and practi- 
 cal, such as appeals to reason and judgment, and is 
 sure of producing satisfactory and permanent results 
 in teaching a horse correct habits. The S3^stem is 
 purely and wholly educational — the application of 
 kindness, patience and firmness in training a horse 
 in "^the way he should go.'' 
 
 Tuesday evening he began with the Pullman kick- 
 ing pon3% which has an ugly record as a kicker. In a 
 remarkably short period of time, by treating the pony 
 
208 TESTIMONY. 
 
 kindly, and convincing it that when it kicked" it only 
 hurt itself, through the adjustment of the anti-kicking 
 strap, the Professor had broken the pony of its pro- 
 pensity to kick, and had made a docile, tractable 
 animal of it. 
 
 He gave a breaking-in lesson with the Kirkham 
 sorrel colt, and in five minutes taught this utterly 
 green pony to follow him about, without any kind of 
 bridle, halter or harness. The Professor keeps reiter- 
 ating to his pupils that the horse's nose is-liis fingers, 
 and that to allay his fears or suspicions of any article, 
 let- him rub his nose against it. Also to caress a horse 
 by patting him on the shoulder, not by stroking his 
 nose; and tliat the trainer, or educator, should be easy 
 and gentle in his movements about the horse's head, 
 so as not to arouse his fears and resistance. 
 
 Wednesday evening the Professor gave the Kirk- 
 ham colt a second lesson, teaching him the true mean- 
 ing of "whoa,*' the most abused and misused word 
 applied to horses. "Whoa!'' or "ho," means to stop 
 forward motion, to come to a stand-still when in action, 
 and should never be used for any other purpose. 
 
 Thursday evening the Pullman kicker was given 
 its second lesson and was driven around the tent, 
 hitched to a sulky, with tin cans tied to his tail. 
 
 Dr. J. C. Oldham's mare, which shies at pieces of 
 paper and other objects on the streets, and which is 
 mortally afraid of electric street cars, was given a 
 valuable lesson. She was finally covered ^dth papers 
 thrown all over her, and flaunted in her face, without 
 
TESTIMONr. 209 
 
 frightening her in the least. Next day the Professor 
 and Dr. Oldham gave her a lesson in regard to electric 
 street cars^ and taught her that they would not harm 
 her. 
 
 Thursday evening the Kirkliam colt was given a 
 third lesson, and was as docile and gentle in harness 
 as any old, staid, family horse. 
 
 Joe O'Brien's famous white lialter puller was given 
 a lesson that gave excellent results. This ^'critter'^ 
 is full of other tricks and vices, but the Profgssor 
 educated her to better sense and better habits. 
 
 The star of the evening was the Hanford ^lexicnn 
 roan pon}-, a regular beauty, but perfectly valueless 
 by reason of incurable balking. All the local horse- 
 men and equine experts have exhausted all expedients 
 to cure the pony of 11 lis vice without attaining any 
 degree of success. After two hours hard work Prof. 
 Beery drove it around the ring repeatedly, but he con- 
 fessed it was the toughest subject in his experience. 
 
 Michael Stoll's horse shied and scared at umbrellas 
 and baby buggies, but the Professor cured it of this 
 vice in one lesson. You could decorate him with 
 umbrellas, open and shut a dozen of them in front of 
 him, and wheel baby buggies all over him, without 
 tlie least bit of a shy or scare. 
 
 The Planford roan pony was given his second les- 
 son, and was hitched and driven with perfect ease,, 
 showing no signs of balking. All the horsemen in 
 Springfield say that this cure by the Professor is a mas- 
 ter-piece, and is one of the greatest achievements in 
 horsemanship ever displayed in this city. 
 
210 TESTIMONY. 
 
 The Professor then gave an exhihit with his own 
 trained and educated horse, driving it without bridle 
 or reins, and giving no command save with a motion 
 of the whip — not touching or speaking to the horse. 
 The horse promptly and gracefully obe5'ed every sort 
 of command. 
 
 F. P. Whitehead, the livery-man, undertook to 
 drive the Professor's horse, but commands, yells, slaps, 
 pulling and pushing couldn't start him. Mr. "\^^lite- 
 head retired from the ring amid roars of laughter. 
 
 So successful and satisfactory were Prof. Beery's 
 instructions last week, that the class has prevailed 
 upon him to return this week and give two more public 
 lessons, or exhibits, Tuesday and Wednesday evenings, 
 August 11th and 12th. A noticeable and pleasant 
 feature of these exhibits is the large and animated 
 attendance of the ladies. The Professor is a gentle- 
 man in his speech and actions, and possesses an enjoy- 
 able vein of wit and humor in his class instructions. 
 His exhibits this week will be attended by crowds. 
 
 Daily j^ews, Hamilton, Ohio. 
 
 WONDERFUL. EXHIBITION OP HORSE TAMING. 
 
 Prof. Jesse Beery, the horse trainer, gave a very 
 fine exhibition of the superiority of intellect and com- 
 mon sense over brute instinct and intelligence last 
 night. The first horse brought in, was a wild young 
 colt belonging to Adam Rentschler, which had never 
 
TESTIMONY. 211 
 
 had a bridle or bit in its mouth. In a very <hort time 
 the Professor had it under perfect control, bridled and 
 bitted, and docile as a lamb. He next turned his at- 
 tention to a halter puller of Everson's, which he broke 
 in completely. His handling of Billy Schwab's shyer 
 and Billy Schramm's runaway was remarkable. When 
 he got through with these horses, waving tlag8, hoisted 
 umbrellas, jingling sleigh bells, flying newspapers, 
 the crack and smoke of pistols, were alike powerless 
 to arouse in the animals more than a mild and good 
 natured courageous curiosity. The Professor's only 
 devices are a few straps, pads and the reins, employed 
 at first to govern the horse. 
 
 Daily Times, Muncie, Ind. 
 
 WELL TRAINED. 
 
 Prof. Jesse Beery, the horse trainer, has one of 
 th6 best trained pieces of horse flesh that has been 
 shown in this city for some time. The horse is a bay, 
 of medium size, and is driven by the Professor without 
 lines. 
 
 Marion Chronicle, August 2, 1892. 
 
 BEERY' S HORSB SHOW.— MORE WAYS THAN ONE OF 
 SUBDUING OUR EQUINE FRIENDS. 
 
 An entertainment that is at once instriactive and 
 
 14 
 
212 TESTlxMONV. 
 
 amusing, is given nightly at the tent of Prof. Beery, the 
 liorse trainer, on West Second street. Last evening 
 the enclosure was well filled by the crowd of horse 
 lovers, including a number of ladies and children, who 
 were especially well pleased with the exhibition. Prof. 
 Beer}^ began his work at 8 p. m., giving a three year 
 old colt its second lesson. The animal is a thorough 
 bred, owned by Simon Koontz, and is possessed of 
 great spirit and intelligence. La.st evening he was 
 taught to mind the bit, to keed the commands. Get 
 up, and Whoa, was made to have perfect confidence 
 in his master, and passed out of the ring a fairly well 
 trained animal as far as he had been taken. The 
 Professor's method of procedure appeals at once to the 
 intelligence of the animal. He is given a command, 
 and this command is immediately followed by one or 
 two actions which convey instantly the idea of what is 
 expected. A:> ordinarily intelligent horse, taken at 
 the beginning and trained patiently by this system, 
 will form in his youth habits of obedience which will 
 stay with him, as he will on the other hand, acquire 
 vicious habits, through careless or misdirected train- 
 ing. Trainer Beery makes the lesson interesting and 
 his methods plain in talks as he proceeds with the 
 training school, and the scholars feel themselves amply 
 repaid by the timely hints and suggestions given in 
 the course of the evening. After the colt had been. put 
 through liis course, and had demonstrated the almost 
 human reasoning powers possessed by the horse when 
 approached in a common sense manner, the Professor 
 
TESTIMONY. 2Vd 
 
 announced as the next subject a bucking broncho, just 
 taken from a herd of Texas ponies which are in pasture 
 near our city. The animal, a small and well formed 
 bay, was brought in and very cautiously handled by 
 the assistants while putting the harness and safety 
 ropes in position, as he had a reputation as a kicker, 
 and had, but a few days since, seriously injured his 
 e.wner. The pony showed his vicious qualities at the 
 outset by throwing himself on his head and prancing 
 over the ring on his hind feet. He seemed surprised 
 when he failed to light upon his feet, which were jerked 
 from under him in a summary manner, and he finally 
 realized that he had a hard fight coming, and buckled 
 to it with regular western pony stubbornness and grit. 
 The way he kicked and bucked, would have put to 
 shame a small earthquake, and he seemed to snort 
 fire as he met with each successive defeat. The sport 
 of the evening came when a number of clatt^-ring tin 
 pans were fastened to his tail, and the air was full of 
 sawdust and horse shoes for a few minutes, until he 
 was finally subdued. The work began to tell on him, 
 and he finally gave up the fight, after showing all the 
 viciousness of which he is ^master. Mr. Beery showed 
 conclusively in his handling of this animal last even- 
 ing, that the Texan is no worse than the ordinary 
 native bred horse, and that his early training leads to 
 the wrong ends. He succeeded in preparing this kick- 
 er for a new beginning. The pony is now where the 
 youngest colt would be before the confidence lesson 
 is given, and will bo treated as a beginner. After this 
 
214 TESTIMONY. 
 
 'Hbroncho eruption*' had been subdued in part, the 
 trained horse,' Charlie, was shown to the audience, 
 driven by signals of the whip, and put through his 
 paces. The audience was dismissed with a promise 
 of something new and exciting to-night. 
 
 ] Eeporter, Logansport, Ind. 
 
 WITHOUT BRIDLE OR LINES. 
 
 Prof. Beery drove up on the side walk in front of 
 the Reporter office last evening and invited the editor 
 to take a ride behind his trained horse Charley. The 
 horse had no bridle and the driver had no lines, but the 
 writer having witnessed the Professor's skill, concluded 
 that the ride would be safer than behind many a well 
 harnessed steed. So away the unbridled horse sped, 
 griided only by the whip in the driver's hand. Sud- 
 denly on Fourth street the Professor kindl}^ warned the 
 editor to hold his hat on. Then he held the whip 
 horizontal, gave a yell, and then just touched Charley 
 with it and away he flew. Eiding behind a horse with- 
 out a bridle going at 1 :44, is about as sensational as 
 going through a shacklv railroad bridge on a lightning 
 express running seventy-five miles an hour. AVhen the 
 Professor held up the whip, Charley put dowTi his four 
 good strong hoofs and slid about five feet, stopping 
 quicker than any horse could be pulled down by reins. 
 And he only stopped because he was trained to. There 
 was no compulsion about the matter. 
 
TESTIMONY. 215 
 
 A THRILLING EXHIBITION GIVEN BY PROF. JESSE 
 BEERY, THE HORSE TRAINER. 
 
 The tent of Prof. Jesse Beery, the noted horse 
 educator, at the corner of Market and Second streets, 
 was crowded last night to witness the performance. 
 It proved to be the most thrilling of any entertainment 
 given here in a long time and kept the audience in 
 breathless suspense. All of his work was highly satis- 
 factory and elicited the heartiest commendation. He 
 dealt with an old and vicious kicker, an unreliable 
 and treacherous high-bred two year old, and broke a 
 colt, all with unvarying success and in an incredibly 
 short time. Yesterday afternoon he cured a horse 
 belonging to Dr. J. B. Shultz It had a bad habit of 
 scaringat the cars. To-night he will manage one of the 
 Logan Brewing Co.^s horses that is hard to collar; 
 James Foley's horse that is afraid of paper; David 
 Eckhard's kicker, and Hartell's colt. 
 
 The following is from a worker in the Humane 
 Society, Lafayette, Ind : 
 
 HUMANE TAMING AND TRAINING OF HORSES. 
 
 Editor Courier: — May I be indulged with a small 
 space in your widely read paper, to reach the many 
 persons who sadly need enlightenment on the proper 
 handling of that most valuable and intelligent animal, 
 the horse, that I may appeal to them to take advan- 
 tage of the opportunity now offered by the gentleman 
 
216 TESTIMONY. 
 
 of undoubted accomplishments in horse taming and 
 training, that is just now giving a series of lessons and 
 entertainments combined, on the Y. M. C. A. grounds in 
 our city. 
 
 His performances are truly wonderful, and all tne 
 while most gratifying to advocates of the humane 
 societies, and all lovers of mercy and wise manage- 
 ment in handling animals. It was highly gratifying to 
 the winter to hear the gentleman say that if an animal 
 proved intractable to all humane treatment, and noth- 
 ing short of abuse would subdue him, he would advise 
 the owner to humanely dispatch him. It was a signif- 
 icant fact that no over head check rein was used in 
 any of the various contrivances and ingenious trap- 
 pings applied in the handling of perfect^ untutored 
 and untamed colts. The entire principle evinces a 
 superior understanding of the horse character; lead- 
 ing scoffers as to a horse's intelligence into a higher 
 field of knowledge, and making them realize how un- 
 appreciative they have hitherto been of one of God's 
 greatest creations, greatest blessings to man. When I 
 recall some of the speeches which have been addressed 
 to me during the years in which I have made some 
 effort to intercede in behalf of mismanaged dumb brutes 
 I realize fully the great need of the dissemination of 
 Just such knowledge as Prof. Beery is endeavoring to 
 instil into the minds of his hearers. It may sound 
 strange, my lady friends, but I do not think there was 
 a person in this gentleman's audience more interested, 
 more absorbed in his talk and performance than my- 
 
TESTIMONY. '2\7 
 
 self, of whicli I am sincerely proud. The horse and his 
 capabilities are worthy of the time and attention of the 
 best minds and high souls, and no dullard is ever going 
 to develop all that is in him. Go to these performances 
 and become enlightened on an important subject. 
 EVELYN McCORMICTv, 
 
 Lafayette, Ind. 
 
 Morning Journal. ■ 
 
 PROP. BEERY'S SUPERB HORSEMANSHIP. 
 
 Prof. Beery's training tent in the rear of the Y. 
 M. C. A. building, was crowded to its capacity again last 
 night. There were several very satisfactory experiments 
 and the onlookers were highly entertained. The con- 
 cluding exhibition was the subjugation of a vicious 
 mustang belonging to^he Citizen^s natural gas company, 
 and the result fully justifies his claim to subdue the 
 most vicious animal without resorting to severe punish- 
 ment. For this evening he will have a number of in- 
 teresting "subjects,^^ including the famous colt belong- 
 ing to Mr. James M. Reynolds, an animal that defied all 
 attempts at pacification until he was placed in charge of 
 this trainer. The exhibitions are interesting and will 
 well repay attendance. 
 
21^ Tt.-TL>tONY. 
 
 Evening Call. 
 
 PROF. BEERY'S WORK. 
 
 Professor Beery gave an excellent exhibition of 
 his power as a horse trainer last evening, and the tent 
 could ]iot hold any more interested spectators, a num- 
 ber of ladies watching the performance with mingled 
 feelings of fear and pleasure. A shying horse belong- 
 ing to Eev. P. J. Eoche was broken of the habit so 
 thoroughly that he can now be driven without any 
 trouble. Before the lesson he shied at nearly every 
 strange object. A pony belonging to Sam Murdock 
 that had developed a penchant for heroic kicking re- 
 ceived a lesson, and marched around the tent with a 
 string of tin cans attached to his tail without lifting 
 a hoof. He can now be driven with perfect safety to 
 the veliicle. A halter puller was given a lesson and hag 
 reformed. A colt was given the third and final lesson 
 and is now completely educated and ready to enter a 
 useful career. The exhibition was wonderful in many 
 wavs and was well worth seeinof. 
 
 Crawfordsville Xews. 
 
 ALL KINDS OF HORSES SUBMIT TO THE WILL 05^ PROF. 
 BEERY. 
 
 The tent in which Prof. Beery gave his exhibition 
 was comfortably filled la^t night. The audience had 
 come to witness the subjugation of several of the mean- 
 
TESTIMONY. 210 
 
 est kind of lioi-ses, and in this they were not disap- 
 pointed-.. A halter puller of the worst kind was taught 
 a lesson that he will not soon forget. After the test 
 the horse woukl stand up to the post like any sensible 
 horse. A kicker lost his fondness for kicking. In fact 
 Prof. Beery showed to the satisfaction of all present 
 that he was a horseman of no little abilityj and that 
 horses with any degree of meanness could be conquered 
 by him. To-night he will handle the meanest mustang 
 pony in the town. A standing reward of five dollajs 
 is offered to any man who will go in a box stall with 
 him. Besides these there will be several other horses 
 taken through a course of sensible training. 
 
 While at Lafayette^ Ind.^ I ran across one of the 
 most vicious brutes that I ever came in contact with. 
 it was a finely built five year old gelding, belonging to 
 Mr. Jas. M. Reynolds, a wealthy citizen of Lafayette. 
 
 Before closing my exhibition the first night I an- 
 nounced that if anybody had any vicious horses they 
 could bring them, the next evening. Mr. Reynolds 
 stated that he had a vicious colt that he would like for 
 me to subdue, but the colt was on his farm six miles 
 from town, and that no one could approach him on 
 account of his viciousness. Tor that reason he could 
 not have him there. He stated further that if I would 
 go after him he would employ all the help I would need 
 and pay me well for doing so. 
 
 When I arrived at the farm I was surprised to find 
 
^220 TESllMONY. 
 
 such an extraordinary vicious animal. He was tied 
 with a very heavy rope in a box stall ;had not been out 
 of that stall for about a year. 
 
 Not finding a suitable enclosure to give him the 
 ''bluff act/' and teach him that I was his superior, I 
 had to resort to the following plan : I took a long strap, 
 made a stationary loop around his neck and a half 
 hitch around the loAver jaw. I did this while in the high 
 manger, and that too at great risk. I then took the 
 end of the strap on the outside of the stable, when he 
 came at me on his hind feet, striking; but when he came 
 within four or five feet of me I discharged a blank 
 cartridge from a thirty-eight caliber revolver. The 
 desperate brute was taken by such surprise that he 
 jumped about five feet high, and nearly fell down. I 
 had a helper stir him once more; when I discharged 
 another cartridge in front of him, when he showed 
 8ome signs of having enough of trying to jump on me. 
 After one or two more shots he had no inclination to 
 run after me. Although he could not be approached 
 yet, he was safe to lead into town, where we turned 
 him loose in the tent ready for his thorough subjection, 
 where he proved to be a test case. I commenced on him 
 at eight o'clock and worked on him until after nine, but 
 did not reach unconditional submission. Knowing it 
 vv-ould be best for the horse to rest before another les- 
 son, I suggested finishing the work privately the next 
 day, all members of the class having the privilege of 
 witnessing the performance. The following day we 
 began on him again, when his resistance became so 
 
TESTIMONY. 2'2X 
 
 desperately obstinate that he would stand and kick at 
 his tail. No method of subjection was equal to the 
 emergency, excej^t extreme pressure on the spinal cord 
 (which you will find explained elsewhere in this book.) 
 I removed the roll for a short time, then applied it once 
 more, when he showed unconditional surrender. The 
 next day he was curried in his stall without a string or 
 strap on him. 
 
 There are numerous other ^'Xoted Cases" that I 
 would like to call your attention to, but space will not 
 permit at this time. 
 
 While this book is not a large one, it contains 
 more information on training horses than almost any 
 other book published on the subject. There are other 
 larger books that are said to be horse training books, 
 yet are largely made up with Veterinary departments 
 and other reading matter that does not pertain to the 
 education of the horse at all. I am often asked why 
 1 don't study Veterinary Surgery in connection with 
 horse training. My answer is simply this : I have al- 
 ready undertaken all that is possible for one man to 
 master. "Horse training'^ and "horse doctoring'^ are 
 two different professions, and are as far apart as farm- 
 ing and practicing law. And in my estimation it is 
 impossible for any one man to thoroughly master two 
 professions. He will invariably make one secondary to 
 the other, and in most cases he will make a complete 
 failure of both. It has been my full desire and aim to 
 thoroughly master the art of controlling and educating- 
 horses; consequently I have dropped every thing else. 
 
22 1' TESTIMONY. 
 
 I have devoted and always intend to devote my whole 
 time to the profession of horse training. Therefore 
 those who read this little book will not need to expect 
 anything but solid ^ practical information pertaining to 
 the disposition, the vices and education of the horse. 
 
 When it is engaged in with the sense of respon- 
 •sibility, care and skill which it demands, it is in reality 
 worthy of being ranked among the most important, 
 interesting and elevating of the professions. 
 
 Any special information desired on the manage- 
 ment of the horse, can be obtained through my address. 
 Pleasant Hill, Ohio. 
 
 Your Obedient Servant, 
 
 JESSE BEERY. 
 
 ADDITIONAL PRESS NOTICES. 
 
 Since the foregoing was in type complimentary 
 press notices have been sent to me in gTeat numbers, 
 a few of which are presented, as coming from different 
 localities. 
 
 From Illinois. 
 
 HORSE TRAINER CLASS.— 100 MEMBERS IN DECATUR— 
 
 EXHIBITIONS NIGHTLY IN THE TENT ON SOUTH 
 
 WATER STREET. 
 
 Prof. Jesse Beer\', the famous trainer of the most 
 fractious horses which can be found, is now giving ex- 
 hibitions every evening in the big tent at the comer 
 of South Water and Jefferson streets. He has a class 
 
TKgTIMONV, Zl*.> 
 
 of 100 members. x\ll were present last night when^ 
 through the manager, Mr. Coft'een, Prof. Beery was for- 
 mally introduced. The Professor with wonderful pow- 
 er handled kickers, balkers and runaway horses, demon- 
 strating that his methods ar.e well worth adoption. 
 His system of colt training was an eye-opener to horse- 
 men present who had thought they knew it all. The 
 lecture by the Profcvssor on how to handle horses should 
 be heard by everybody who owns or controls a horse. 
 
 The class is quite enthusiastic over the opportu- 
 nity afforded it to gain useful knowledge. They want 
 their friends jto visit the tent, and by permission of the 
 Professor all who call tonight or any evening during 
 the engagement will be admitted. Don't fail to seie 
 Prof. Beery. He is the king of trainers. 
 
 <j From Bloomingtou, Illinois. 
 
 SCHOOL OF HORSEMANSHIP. 
 
 H. T. C. Coffeen, the advance agent and press man- 
 ager of Prof. Jesse Beery, the unrivaled horse trainer, 
 lias already secured a class of more than fifty in the 
 city, who will begin a course of instruction under the 
 Professor next Tuesday evening. As an evidence of 
 \y]\i\t is being done by Prof. Beery elsewliere we take 
 our excerpt from a letter of recommendation signed 
 ]>v a large number of the bo-t citizens of Blooniing- 
 Lon, 111. It reads as follovrs: 
 
 "AVc are hii2-blv pleased and Derlectlv satisfied with 
 
 O V 1 J. 
 
224 TESTIMONY. 
 
 our mstruction and with the Professor as a teacher. 
 He has in every instance accomplished completely 
 everything he has attempted, thoroughly subduing and 
 teaching the horse better habits than previously possess- 
 ed of. The Professor has in every way, while here^ 
 conducted himself as a gentleman worthy of our con- 
 fidence in him in his chosen profession. This testi- 
 monial is given unsolicited and unknown to the Pro- 
 ic ssor.'' 
 
 From Springfield, Illinois. 
 
 BEERY AND HIS COLTS.— AN INTERESTING SCHOOL FOR 
 HORSES— LAST NIGHT" S PERFORMANCE. 
 
 In the vacant lot just east of the city hall there 
 stands a tent. It belongs to Prof. Jesse Beery, who is 
 giving instructions in horse training. Last evening 
 the tent was well filled with both ladies and gentle- 
 men, who took great interest in the work with the 
 young colts. 
 
 The first animal was a 2 -year-old belonging to John 
 Lauck. The colt had never been harnessed, or even 
 bridled, but it was not long before Beery had it under 
 complete control. George Hofferkamp's 3-year-old was 
 the next one, and a-s it is part broncho and part some- 
 thing else, and has a penchant for kicking, the audience 
 looked for some sport, and they were not disappointed. 
 
TESTIMONY. 2^.> 
 
 From Fort Wayne, Indiana. 
 
 HORSE TRAINING AND TAMING-PROF. BEERY DE- 
 LIGHTS A LARGE AUDIENCE WITH HIS EXHIBI- 
 TION LAST EVENING. 
 
 Every seat beneath the large canopy was crowded 
 with ladies and gentlemen last evening to witness the 
 exhibition of Prof. Beery's system of colt training and 
 horse taming, and so larsre was the attendance that 
 many were forced to stand thronghout the evening. 
 
 The first subject introduced was a highly bred filly, 
 the property of Prof. L. A. Worch. This animal proved 
 to be an. apt pupil, and very promptly responded to 
 all the professors requirements. 
 
 The second subject was a most vicious and intract- 
 able 4-year-old colt, the property of Mr. M. W. Fitch. 
 A struggle, lasting dver an hour, resulted in the subju- 
 gation of the headstrong animal, which evinced a de- 
 termination to give up the battle for supremacy. 
 
 From Jackson, Michigan, 
 
 HORSE FLESH SUBDUED.— PROF. BEERY CONQUERS 
 THE EQUINE VS'ITHOUT MALTREATMENT. 
 
 Prof. IJeery worked and lectured before a good 
 audience at the tent on North Jackson street last even- 
 ing. The first to interest the lover of the horse was the 
 subduing of a vicious 3-year-old colt which nearly kill- 
 ed a man at the farai near ^Michigan Center. The 
 
226 TESTIMONY. 
 
 method taught proved successful, and the colt at last 
 was as gentle as a kitten. An ugly horse which for 
 years has objected to being haltered and harnessed 
 was next shoved through the process of obedience, and 
 the entertainment concluded with an exhibition by the 
 Professor's trained horse. 
 
 From Logansport, Indiana. 
 
 KICKER FROM KICKERVILLE.— VICIOUS HORSE FINE- 
 LY HANDLED BY PROF. JESSE BEERY. 
 
 Prof Beer}^, the horse trainer began his school here 
 last night. His first lesson demonstrates that he is an 
 adept — a master of his business. Firmness, followed by 
 kindness, is his manner of handling the colt or vicious 
 horse. He had two subjects last evening which fine- 
 h" illustrated his skill. One was a two-year-old colt, 
 owned l)y Agent Newell, of the Wabash, which had nev- 
 er been handled before; the other, a splendid looking 
 mare, owned by Dr. Lybrook, of Young America, whicli 
 was known as a '•'kicker from Kickerville."' The kicker 
 had conquered all the horse talent from Deer Creek and 
 had been turned out to grass by the well known phy- 
 sician as a useless and vicious piece of horseflesh. A 
 half hour under the Professor's management and he 
 had the animal under complete control. The Professor 
 impressed all who witnessed his performance as being 
 a trainer of superior merit and he will doubtless have 
 a bis: run of business rlurins^ his sta.v here. This is^hie 
 
TESTIMONY. , 227 
 
 second appearnnce in Logansport. — Logansport Report- 
 er. 
 
 From Springfield^ Ohio. 
 
 The average person would not tliink that the 
 breaking of colts and training of horses would prove a 
 popular entertainment. Yet Prof. Jesse Beery, of 
 Pleasant Hill, 0., during his two week's stay in this 
 city practically and potently demonstrated that not 
 only professional horsemen, hut all intelligent owners 
 arid lovers of horses are deeply interested in the sub- 
 ject of, breaking, training, and caring for horses, and 
 respond quickly and liberally -to a humane, kindly, 
 and efficient system of horsemanship. 
 
 Prof. Beery organized a large class, including men 
 of all vocations, to whom he imparted his system of 
 horsemanship. But his public exhibitions during the 
 past tAvo weeks deeply and widely aroused popular inter- 
 est, and his tent was nightly crowded with ladies, gentle- 
 men and children, all intently interested in the Profes- 
 sor's work. He first conquers his horse by means of hu- 
 mane and harmless appliances, teaches him that man is 
 the master and that disobedience and viciousness will 
 only hurt Jiim. The Professor's appliances are so con- 
 structed that when the horse becomes ugly and diso- 
 bedient, he pTfTiishes himself. Then when he is obe- 
 dient he is caressed and treated kindly; when he is 
 frightened, he is taught by actual contact that the ob- 
 ject or noise will not hurt him. 
 
 15 
 
^22S TESTIMONT. 
 
 Prof. Beery subdued and made useful horses out of 
 a number of vicious colts and of older horses with ugly 
 and dangerous habits. He redeemed a number of fine, 
 valuable horses, rendered almost worthless by vicious 
 habits, by breaking them of their habits. The people 
 of this city were especially prepared for Prof. Beery's 
 reformative and enlightening system of horseman- 
 ship by reason of a number of serious and several fatal 
 runaways. His work was heartily appreciated and he 
 left a host of friends here who will always gladly wel- 
 come him back to Springfield. The seed sown by Prof. 
 Beery's system of horsemanship will bear an invaluable 
 harvest in this city and vicinity. — Springfield Xews. 
 
 From Lancaster, Ohio. 
 
 1 'KB A CANNON SHOT— WENT THE KELLER HORSE 
 OUT OF PROF. BEERY'S TENT— THE UNTAMED STEED 
 MAKES A BOLT FOR LIBERTY, AND HAULS UP IN 
 FRONT OF EYMAN'S DRUG STORE— A LITTLE FUN 
 NOT ON THE BILLS. 
 
 The large audience that assembled last night at. the 
 t«nt of Prof. Beer}^, the horse educator, was treated 
 to a scene not on the bills, but which redounded to the 
 credit of the horseman. The first horse brought in the 
 ring was one belonging to Mr. Chris. Keller, the gro- 
 ceryman. The horse is noted for running away and 
 smashi]ig things to pieces every time he is liitched up, 
 and is an especially bad case. Prof. Beery gave the 
 
TESTIMONY. 22f 
 
 das8 a description of the temperament of the horse as 
 shown by the shape of its head, and said that before 
 he commenced the regular work he would show the 
 class what a vicious brute this horse is. He put on his 
 safety rope and the lines and drove the animal a few 
 times around the ring. He then had an assistant hang 
 a bunch of tin pans to the crupper, for the purpose of 
 stirring the animal's resistance. When he started the 
 horse it didn't do a thing but make a half-circle around 
 the ring and bolt for the door of the tent, which was 
 closed, and he went clear through it. Just as he went 
 through the door the Professor threw him down and 
 as the horse regained his feet he was thrown again, 
 landing on his back. In the fall Prof. Beery was en- 
 tangled in the guy ropes of his tent, and as the horse 
 came to his feet the trainer was obliged to let go, and 
 a second later the people along Broad street were treat- 
 ed to the sight of a streak of horseflesh going by ^vith 
 two strings of tin pans tied to his tail, and every jump 
 the horse made he kicked the pans up in the neighbor- 
 hood of the trolley wire. Prof. Beery followed the run- 
 away, which was caught in front of E3Tiian's drug 
 store, corner Main and Columbus streets. No damage 
 was done outside of breaking a mail box at the cor- 
 ner of Mulberr}' and Broad streets. 
 
 When the audience saw the horse and his trainer 
 shoot out of the tent Jike a ball out of a cannon the 
 first thought was that the performance was at an end, 
 but those who had been regular attendants and knew 
 s-vmething of the indomitable grit of Prof. Beery, knew 
 
230 TESTIMONY. 
 
 that if the horse did not kill himself he would be 
 brought back and subdued. Hence the people remain- 
 ed on their seats^ and when the Professor came back 
 with the tin pans and in a grave manner announced 
 that the "Keller horse will be subdued tonight" he 
 was cheered to the echo. In a few minutes the horse 
 was brought in and Prof. Beery put him through a 
 course of training that completely subdued him, hitch- 
 ing him up and making him stand still while pistols 
 were shot over him, bells and tin pans pounded around 
 him and flags and paper waved over him. 
 
 Prof. Beery explained that this was the first acci- 
 dent of the kind that had befallen him in his nine years 
 of work with vicious horses, and that he was only too 
 glad that no one was hurt. 
 
 On account of sickness of serious nature in his fam- 
 ily Prof. Beery is obliged to start for home tomorrow 
 morning. Tonight will be his last exhibition here and 
 six horses will be handled before the audience. People 
 who" own horses will make a great mistake if they do not 
 purchase one of the books he offers on the subject of 
 colt training and horse management. Come out to- 
 night and see his exhibition. — Lancaster Gazette. 
 
 THE LAST PERFORMANCE.— PROF. BEERY, THE HORSE 
 BJDTTCATOR, CALLED HOME BY SICKNESS IN HIS 
 FAMILY— PLENTY OP BUSINESg FOR TWO WEEKS 
 YET, IF HE COULD HAVE REMAINED— HONEST AND 
 STRAIGHT IN BUSINESS. 
 
 Prof. J. Beery, the hor»e educator, who has been 
 
TESTIMONY. 231 
 
 in Lancaster for the past two weeks, has been called to 
 his home in Pleasant Hill, Ohio, by sickness in his fam- 
 ily. He left this morning on the 7 :ol train. He has 
 done a very successful business here, and had work 
 enough in view to have kept him busy for the next two 
 weeks. But like every true man, the comfort and care 
 of his family is paramount to all business considerations 
 with Prof. Beery, and so last night he closed liis work 
 here. When the audience was dismissed many of our 
 citizens gathered around the Professor and bade him 
 good-bye, congratulating him on his excellent work and 
 assuring him of a welcome should he return to Lancas- 
 ter. 
 
 Prof. Jesse Beery, while not a native of this coun- 
 ty, is the next thing to it. His father was born and 
 reared near Bremen, this county, and is well known to 
 the older citizens of that community, although he moved 
 from Bremen to Miami county several years ago. Tkb 
 was Prof. Beery's first visit to his fathers native coun- 
 ty and it has been one of great credit to himself. 
 
 Nearly two weeks ago he came to this city, erected 
 a tent on the corner of Broad and Allen streets, and an- 
 nounced that he would teach people how to educate 
 their horses. His manner of advertising was unostenta- 
 tious and his statements won him the attention of 
 horsemen. He drove on our streets a beautiful Ham- 
 bletonian, hitched to a light cart, but without bridle 
 or lines, controlled entirely by the motion of a whip 
 or a sound of the voice. 
 
282 TESTIMONY. 
 
 He had no trouble in getting a large class, and his 
 success in handling all kinds of vicious and spoiled 
 horses is well known to the readers of the local'press. 
 
 In this day of so many impostors it does one good 
 to be able to notice such honest, capable work as Prof. 
 Beery has given our people, and the highest compli- 
 ment that could be paid him was the hearty manner 
 in which the members of his class thanked him for 
 what he had taught them, together with the unani- 
 mous verdict of the spectators as they agreed ^1dth each 
 other that "that man is all right.*' 
 
 One of the features of Prof. Beery's exhibition 
 which received the commendation of all who have been 
 present was the earnest and intelligent work of the 
 young man who assisted the trainer. This }■ oung man's 
 name is Roj^ Coppock and his home is Eichmond, In- 
 diana. This is his first season with Prof. Beer}', but 
 he has the natural traits of a horseman, and the fearless 
 way in which he took hold of high-spirited horses and 
 laid them down won the admiration of the ladies and 
 the commendations of the men. 
 
 Prof. Beery will be welcome when he comes to 
 Lancaster again. — Lancaster Gazette. 
 
 Reference having frequently been made to this 
 manual on Colt Training, I gladly give space to one or 
 two of the more recent commendations it has drawn 
 from the press of to-day. 
 From The Spokesman, Cincinnati, Ohio, June, 1896. 
 
 We acknowledge the receipt of a 250-page paper 
 
TESTIMONY. 23^ 
 
 bound book, entitled ''Jesse Beery *s Colt Training," 
 illustrating and describing a practical system of colt 
 training and the best methods of su])duing wild and 
 vicious horses. Prof. Beery is perhaps to-day the best- 
 known trainer and educator of the horse. His exper- 
 ience is unlimited, having educated and trained some of 
 the most vicious horses before large and appreciative au- 
 diences and private classes for instruction; hence he 
 is the man most eminently fitted to prepare a practical 
 training manual. The book is one of the most com- 
 prehensive we have ever seen, and we have reviewed 
 man}^ of a similar character in these columns. The 
 theory and practice of training are comprehensively 
 explained and illustrated. Every horse owner should 
 make a study of the plain, common sense manner in 
 which Prof. Beery takes up each individual subject and 
 disposes of it. The book is of especial value to owners 
 of horses possessing a disposition to be disagreeable in 
 any manner whatever. The reading of a single chap- 
 ter may result in increasing the value of a horse one 
 hundred per cent. The price of the book and other in- 
 formation may be had upon application to Prof. Beery, 
 Pleasant Hill, Ohio. 
 
 From The National Humane Educator, Cincinnati,. 
 Ohio, June, 1896. 
 
 BALKY HORSES.— SOUND DOCTRINE FROM EMINENT 
 AUTHORITY. 
 
 The •'Coming Man*^ in "Horse Training"' is Prof. 
 
2^34 TESTIMONY. 
 
 Beery. \\e were lately in Springfield, 0., where he 
 had a two week's entertainment, ^^ddely arousing popu- 
 lar interest. His tent was nightly crowded with ladies, 
 gentlemen and children, all intensely interested. 
 
 The Springfield Sunday Xews says: '^'His work 
 was heartily appreciated, and he left a host of friends 
 who will gladly welcome him hack to Springfield. The 
 seed sown hy him will bear an invaluable harvest in this 
 city and vincinity.'' 
 
 It is not only his skill and daring which elicits 
 praise, but his humane methods. Even his appliances 
 for subduing the most vicious and dangerous animals, 
 are thoroughly humane in desio-n and effect, yet so in- 
 genious and potent as to give immediate results. 
 
 In regard to balking he says: ^'Horses know noth- 
 ing about balking until they are forced into it by bad 
 management. 
 
 "We must remember that our ways and language 
 are just as foreign and unknown to the horse as any 
 language in the world is to us; we should never get 
 out of patience with them because they do not under- 
 stand us.'"' 
 
 His chapter on Balking in his work on '^'Colt Train- 
 ing,'' is worth the price of the book. He describes mi- 
 nutely the causes of balking, and with equal plainness 
 gives the remedy, which every one can understand and 
 use. In conclusion, we are glad of a.n3'thing that sub- 
 stitutes reason, common sense and humane methods, in 
 place of ignorance and time-honored stupidity. We are 
 
TESTIMONY, 
 
 2B5 
 
 glad to hail the dawn of a better day and to herald its 
 coming. 
 
 Our columns are open to all such information, not 
 in the interest of any man or set of men, but in help- 
 ing on the noble cause in which we have embarked so 
 many hopes and ventured so much of time, strength 
 and material resources. 
 
 AVe would also hail with joy, more co-operation and 
 encouragement on the part of many who profess great 
 interest in the cause, but whose conduct is at variance 
 mth their profession. 
 
 ISHHHr^r^H/l 
 
TIMELY FACTS AND MAXIMS 
 
 IN ACCORDANCE WITH OUR SYSTEM OF '^COLT 
 TRAINING." 
 
 THE HORSE. 
 
 H. \Y. Beecher: Society owes to the horse a depth 
 of gratitude a thousand times greater than it does to 
 thousands of men who abuse him. He has ministered 
 to progress; has made social intercourse possible when 
 otherwise it would have been slow and occasional, or 
 altogether impassible; h^ has virtualh' extended the 
 strength of man, augmented his speed, doubled his 
 time, decreased his burdens^ and becoming his slave, 
 has relieved him from drudgery and made him free. 
 For love's sake, for the sake of social life, for eminent 
 moral reasons, the horse deserves to be bred, trained and 
 cared for with scrupulous care. The teaching of men 
 liow to do it has been left too long to men who look 
 upon the horse as an instrument of gambling gains, 
 or of mere physical pleasure. 
 
 The famous, rich and powerful Duke of Portland, 
 'Master-of-Horse to the Queen), who is devotedly fond 
 
TIMELY FACTS AND MA.riMS. 237 
 
 of animals, and one of the leaders in the Animal Cause 
 in England — has lately discarded -all check-reins in his 
 great stables and the Queen has followed suit. AYe hope 
 these illustrious examples will be emulated b}' the rich 
 and influential of America also, those who love and fol- 
 low all English fashions, who idiotically use the tight 
 check, "an instrument of torture and device of Satan" 
 as noted English authorities will term it. The Duke 
 and Duchess are foremost in all the gi'eat and noble 
 Animal reforms of the day. 
 
 J. S. Rarey, the horse trainer, said : '^Almost every 
 wrong act of a horse is caused by fear, excitement or 
 mismanagement. One harsh word will increase the 
 pulse of a nervous horse ten beats a minute. Horses 
 know nothing about balking until forced into it by bad 
 management. Any balky horse can be started steady 
 and true in a few minutes. I never found one that I 
 could not teach to start his load in fifteen minutes and 
 usually in three. 
 
 Intelligent horsemen have learned that kickers,, 
 biters and balkers are natural results of abuse, that 
 not one horse in a hundred is vicious until made so 
 by cruelty; that whipping a horse is as mean and sense- 
 less as whipping a baby, and that the most useful, obe- 
 
2HS TIMELY FACTS AND MAXIMS. 
 
 -dient and long lived horses are those treated from birth 
 ^-ith kindness and common sens©. 
 
 *'The whip is the parent of stubborness, but gen- 
 tleness wins obedience. There is no such thing as balk- 
 in-ess in a horse that is kindly treated, and that gets 
 an occasional apple, potato or sugar from his master's 
 hand." — Western Exchancre. 
 
 Budd Doble, the famous turfman says: ^"The days 
 of whipping are past and few attempt to force out a 
 horse in that way. Many a driver has lost a race by 
 whipping or spurring which causes sulks. I use only 
 light taps of the whip; when I ride I muffle my spurs." 
 
 ^^Instead of breaking colts we gentle them. The 
 word 'gentle' tells the whole difference between the old 
 method and the new. — H. C. Merwin. 
 
 "When a horse is afraid or excited, quiet him by 
 kind words and caress. An excited horse is practic- 
 ally crazy and to whip him is dangerous, foolish and 
 cruel. 1 have known a single blow of the whip to balk 
 a spirited horse. Whipping a balky horse is barbarous 
 and only increases balkiness.'' — Benson. 
 
TIMELY FACTS AND MAXIMS. 2iV,} 
 
 A valuable Chicago horse became so ugly under the 
 whip system that his owner feared to drive him and 
 got rid of him at half cost. The buyer removed check 
 rein, blinders and whip, treated him kindly and he is 
 now a pet of a timid lady who drives him "everywhere/'^ 
 
 A disciple of kindness bought a handsome horse 
 in Boston at a quarter his cost because nobody diired 
 to drive him. He got him home with difficulty and be- 
 gan gentle and kindly treatment. He is now a kind, 
 safe, reliable horse which can do 12 miles per hour 
 with the road wagon, and the former owner who lost 
 $300 on him, "can't understand it." Kindness pays ! 
 
 Make your horse your friend, not your slave. 
 
 What can be more tor.ehing than [lie sight of that 
 submissive confidence — the humble obedience with 
 wliich man is appealed to by those animals that support 
 his life ? * * * In man's brutality to these the pathos 
 <''f the brute's submission is overpoAvering. — John G. 
 Shortall, President National Humane Association. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 The Foregoing Prtnciples Applied to Dogs, Es- 
 I'EciALLY Shepherd Dogs. 
 
 From time to time the friend of animals lias 
 discussed in a more or less scientific way, the ideas 
 pertaining to them. Perhaps as good anthorit}^ of a 
 lat^ date as exists is Prof. Shalerj dean of the Lawrence 
 Scientific school at Harvard, and by the way ©f intro- 
 duction we cite his statement about the dog, which he 
 says was, the world over, the first living possession 
 of man be3'ond his owm kindred. The dog has been 
 so long separated from the primitive species from which 
 he sprang that we cannot place with an}' certainty his 
 kinship Avith the creatures of the wilderness. Like his 
 master, he has become so artificialized that it is hard 
 to conjecture what his original state may have been. 
 
 We cannot accept the view that the dog is a domes- 
 ticated form of the wolf, as some suppose, from the fact 
 that it has been found impossible to domesticate the 
 wolf, and the dog has shown no tendency to revert to 
 the wolf type when allowed to run wild. On the other 
 hand he shows entire hostility to the wolf and all of 
 his kind. 
 
APPENDIX. 241 
 
 Tlie most reasonable theory is. that tlio ancc?torn 
 of the domesticated dog were a species that has entire- 
 ly disappeared from the wild state. 
 
 One thing* is true, in all countries the dog is a 
 household pet. He is the chosen companion of all 
 classes of people, and Cuvier gives him the distinction 
 of being the only animal that has followed man over thu 
 whole world. 
 
 Dogs give faithful and valuable service in return 
 for the protection they receive from their masters. 
 On sheep farms they defend the flocks, guide them 
 from the pastures to the sheepfold, and keep them 
 together if night or storm overtakes them. 
 
 The dog is the farmer's best friend; he guards, 
 his poultry yard from nightly wanderers, protects his 
 garden and house from thieves, and drives his cattle 
 afield and brings them home. 
 
 Innumerable are the stories which tell of life and 
 property saved by the timely warning given by the 
 house dog. 
 
 In the cold Xortliern countries where there arc 
 no liorscs or oxen, dogs are used to draw sleds over 
 ice and snow. In other countries they are used to 
 himt wolves and other wild animals, and sometimes 
 they are trained to follow criminals. 
 
 There is much reason for the assertion that the 
 Shepherd dog, or Collie, is, on the whole, the most 
 highly organized, as he certainly is the most useful 
 of all dos^s. ' 
 
242 APPENDIX. 
 
 One breed may rise, anotlier fall. 
 
 But the Shepherd dog survives them all. 
 
 The English Sheep dog or Drover's dog, is of an- 
 cient origin, its early history being involved in obscur- 
 ity. The earliest w^ork on the Shepherd dog was pub- 
 lished in 1550. 
 
 It was originally written in Latin. 
 
 The English dog is heavier and stronger than the 
 Scotch Collie, aiid the original Spanish Sheep-dog is 
 a very powerful animal. When armed with a spike col- 
 lar he is a sufficient match for the largest wolves that 
 infest the mountainous parts of Spain. They are very 
 ferocious and will allow no strange person to approach 
 the flock. 
 
 A thousand sheep require the attention of two 
 men and two dogs. 
 
 The Mexican Sheep dog is descended from the 
 Spanish, but is much smaller, though equally intelli- 
 gent in his business of watching herds and flocks. 
 
 There are now in the United States five different 
 kinds of Shepherd dogs: The Scotch Collie, the Ger- 
 man, the Spanish, the Mexican, and the English, some- 
 times called the bob-tailed, as this is a characteristic 
 of that breed; whether originally tailless, like Manx 
 cats, or because under the old excise laws, all Sheplierd 
 Jogs without a tail were exempt from tax, (and for this 
 reason removed) is not known. 
 
 Of these the Scotch Collie is regarded as the best 
 and is the best known. 
 
 Among the moors, fens, glens and hills of Scotland 
 
APPENDIX. 24B 
 
 he is as claivnisli as liis master^ and will not jnake 
 friends with the stranger who sto2:)s witli tlio master 
 over night. 
 
 ''In sagacity he excels all others of the dog family. 
 His is not the superficial intelligence of the mere trick 
 dog; one look into his hright, wise eyes will tell you 
 that antics and pranks are not for him; a dog's life is 
 to him quite too serious a matter to be wasted in friv- 
 olities; his mission is hard work; he has duties to per- 
 form, as had generations of his ancestors before him. 
 
 Indeed, cert^iin parts of Scotland and England owe 
 all their value for sheep raising purposes to the Collie/' 
 
 We learn from the ^'^Shepherd's Calendar"' that 
 "a single shepherd and his dog will accomplish more 
 in gathering a flock of sheep from a Highland farm than 
 twenty shepherds could do withont dogs. * ^ * * * 
 He is the only dog on the farm that earns his bread/' 
 In fact the valne of a well trained Collie on a large 
 sheep ranch cannot be estimated in dollars and cents. 
 
 Since the bench show has come into vogue there 
 has been too much attention paid to mere type. The 
 working instinct is of prime importance^ whereas we 
 often see the favorites of the exhibition of no nse in 
 the flock. 
 
 Breeding alone for show is lowering the standard 
 of usefulness for the Collie, and it is high time the pub- 
 lic should be reminded of the recognized standard of 
 a true working Collie, so we will consider a few of his 
 points. The nnder coat should be thick and the outer 
 coat well developed, though excessive length or weight 
 would only be an impediment to his action. 
 
:^44 APPENDIX. 
 
 As brain room is reqiiiredj the skull ought to be 
 broad and somewhat flat. 
 
 The muzzle should be tapering, like that of a fox; 
 and as to his shape, a lithe, free and sweeping form is 
 requisite, that he may go at full speed, no matter how 
 rough the ground, nor what obstacles he may have in 
 his path. He should have a deep narrow chest with 
 moderately long legs. His ears should be small and sen- 
 sitive, his tail carried low, but long and curling upward 
 toward the end. 
 
 His coat is one of the special traits of the breed. 
 
 The under coat is of thick, close soft hair and the 
 outer coat of long coarser hair, so that the two together 
 are impervious to rain. There are also smooth coated 
 Collies; the coat depends much upon climate and habits 
 of life. As to colors, some writers claim that the origi- 
 nal color was black and white; others say black and tan. 
 It goes without saying that the color is a matter of no 
 real consequence, although at the present time an effort 
 is being made to produce pure white Collies. Most, of 
 them have dark ears or spots on the body. A pure 
 white puppy of this breed was once presented to Queen 
 Victoria, who has ahvays been a lover of dogs, and has 
 done more than any other ruler in the world to encour- 
 age kindness towards dumb animals. 
 
 "The Queen's Collies are very fine, but she loves 
 every species of dog, from the largest St. Bernard to 
 the tiny King Charles Spaniel,, which can be put into 
 a coat pocket. There is a man at Windsor Castle who 
 does nothing else but take care of the dogs, and the 
 
APPP^NUIX. 24.) 
 
 royal kennels there are of stone, and the yards are paved 
 with red and blue tiles, and the compartments in which 
 the little dogs sleep are warmed with hot water, and 
 they have the freshest and cleanest of straw in which 
 to lie. There are fifty-five dogs in these kennels, and 
 most all of them are acquainted with the Queen. She . 
 visits them often while she is at the castle, and she looks 
 carefully after their health and comforts. The dogs of 
 Windsor Castle keep regular hours. They are turned 
 out at a certain time each day for their exercise and 
 sports, and they have a number of courts connected with 
 the kennels, upon which they scamper to and fro over 
 green lawns. There are umbrella-like affairs on these 
 lawns, where they can lie in the shade if they wish to, 
 and in some of them are pools of water where the dogs 
 can take a bath, and in which they swim and come out 
 and shake themselves, just as though they were ordinary 
 yellows dogs, rather than royal puppies.^^ 
 
 The disposition of the Collies is as marked as his 
 other traits. ISTaturally he is all kindness and affection. 
 Yet some writers who think they know all about dogs, 
 tell us that he is of a cross and surly temper. It is true 
 that when out on a desolate moor for days and months 
 he becomes suspicious and distrustful of strangers. But 
 he rules a fioek of sheep much as a good horseman con- 
 trols a horse, by innate "force of character'' and not 
 by ferocity. An Australian sheep owner writes of his 
 own ranch and dog as follows : "My own Sancho never 
 did himself as much credit with a small number as with 
 a great many sheep. Tilien I was .riding on an endless 
 
246 APPENDIX. 
 
 plain with the flock spreading out two miles, he woiikl 
 watch for me to wave my hand, when all shouting would 
 be lost in the distance. When he was so far off that I 
 could not distinguish him I knew he was looking out 
 for the signal of a fluttering handkerchief to the right 
 or left, and that he could discern a different motion 
 which meant "That will do.'" When the flock was set 
 in the right direction, he would make a long bend and 
 come to me, and without au}^ orders keep each wing up, 
 first going half a mile to the left, and then as far to the 
 right." 
 
 Before winding up this branch of the subject, (after 
 w^hich I propose to illustrate the foregoing theories by 
 an object lesson of my own,) I submit the opinions of 
 another which are so nearly my own that I cannot 
 formulate them better than to quote entire. "The 
 Collie is one of the coming dogs in America. If he 
 were better known and his usefulness on the fa.rm more 
 widely appreciated, he would soon supplant all curs of 
 low degree; and as a faithful, intelligent almost human 
 guardian, he would watch over and attend flocks of 
 sheep in districts where now, because of the midnight 
 forages of mutton hungry mongrels, sheep cannot be 
 raised. They are pre-eminently the farmer's dog, but 
 if anyone is in need of a faithful intelligent servant or 
 companion, let him get a Collie. 
 
 His chief charm as a companion is his great affec- 
 tion and strong attachment. ******** 
 The only faults you will And in him will be his extreme 
 restlessness and activity. He will drive the chickens. 
 
APPENDIX. 247 
 
 fit-and guard over the geese, here one minute, there the 
 next, looking into this corner and poking his nose into 
 that; forever on the move; but while among all breeds of 
 dogs he can be truly called the policeman, as he is 
 always looking into things, he is not at all too headlong 
 in getting into a scrimmage.' — tWickhamJ 
 
 TRAINING FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES. HOUSE AND YARD. 
 
 A few of the same rules that I have given for colt 
 training apply with equal force to the educating of 
 dogs. Set it down as a fact that no animal will, of it- 
 self, perform special duties ^nthout special training. 
 They may be more or less gifted by nature, but the 
 technique as artists say, of their business, must be 
 taught them by human agencies. 
 
 It requires work to train even a shepherd dog, 
 which is so remarkable for sagacity and willing obe- 
 dience; but it well pays the owner to bring to his task 
 all the kindness and patience he can command. You 
 cannot afford to hurry or lose your patience in the least. 
 
 RemembeF too, that but one thing can be taught at 
 a time. Secure his affection and respect, and your 
 final success is certain if you know what you want to 
 accomplish, and are complete master of yourself. Some 
 of the treatment to which puppies are subjected by their 
 ignorant, impatient trainers, is simply outrageous and 
 entirely needless. 
 
 It is true that a certain amount of coercion is 
 necessary, with young dogs as well as with young people; 
 
248 APPENDIX. 
 
 but their aptitude for hearing is so great, and they like 
 BO well to be taught, that little correction is needed. 
 Never punish him to compel him to learn, or for fail- 
 ure to understand, but only for wilfully refusing to 
 do what he has already learned to do. 
 
 Your way of communicating ideas to him is limited, 
 compared with speaking to a child; so do not expect 
 him to learn faster than a child, as so many do expect. 
 
 He will understand actions better than words, and 
 whenever possible you should let him see you do what- 
 . ever you expect of him, freely using your hand in giving 
 directions. 
 
 In giving the same order, use the same word every 
 time. For instance, do not say "fetch"' at one time, and 
 "bring/*' at another. 
 
 When the lesson, whatever it is, is. a failure, the 
 fault is more with the teacher than the pupil. 
 
 Take him young, let no one feed or pet him but 
 yourself, until he is thoroughly trained. 
 
 The very first thing to teach liini is his name, and 
 this should be short and easy to speak. 
 
 Teach him to "lie down,'' to "come," "to speak," 
 and other simple things. 
 
 He should have a wide, easy collar, which he ought 
 to wear a while and run about as he pleases. In a few 
 days attach a light chain, still letting him be at liberty, 
 or taking him with you in the fields. But in a few days 
 it vnW be time to commence guiding and restraining 
 his movements. Take hold of the chain, but at the same 
 time coax him along and reward him with something he 
 
APPKXDIX. 249 
 
 likes, whenever lie stops pulling at the chain or cord. 
 He will very soon pay no attention to the chain, but 
 keep up with you of his own accord. Xever on any 
 account drag him along or break his spirit. 
 
 Give him his first lesson among familiar surround- 
 ings where nothing will disturb him, that he may give 
 all his attention to the lesson. Teach him first to come 
 to you in response to the order ''Come here,*' only the 
 word ^'come'^ will have any significance for him. 
 
 L'se it when you feed him, and caress him when 
 lie responds to the word. 
 
 Xext teach him to ^"lie do^^m." This is so easy as 
 to need little explanation. But if he is entirely unable 
 to comprehend it, gently force him down in some nat- 
 ural, easy position, at the same time reiterating the 
 command, ^'lie down." 
 
 Practice will make him drop at the word. 
 
 Always reward him with kind words and caresses. 
 If he tries to get up before ordered, go back to him, 
 saying ''lie down," going away from him further and 
 further and continuing it till he will lie still till you 
 L.a him to ''Come," or '''Come here." 
 
 You may next teach him to ''Speak." This you can 
 do by means of a piece of meat (or cheese of which they 
 i.:x' unusually fond) which you hold "so near, and yet 
 so far,'* close enough for him to smell it, but draw it 
 cway again, making a whining or barking noise your- 
 If, which in most cases he will imitate. As soon as he 
 r akes any attempt to bark, give him the dainty. 
 
 If you keep this up day after day it will be but a 
 
250 APPENDIX. 
 
 feAv lessons tliat lie will require before lie will bark 
 luslily. 
 
 As in colt training, do not give one lesson long 
 enough at a time to induce weariness. 
 
 One 'tiling cannot be said too often or too im- 
 pressively: do not be too severe with puppies. Tbe 
 inajoritv of them are onlv too anxious to be eniraircd 
 in something to employ their restless activities, and 
 iney delight in being made the partner of your pur- 
 suits, whatever they are. You will find it necessary 
 to teach him other words, even early in your course of 
 training, such as "Steady/'^ "Stop;"' "Go on/' "Over/' 
 and many more, as your lessons progress. The com- 
 mand ''over" is wanted to make your dog cross a fence. 
 You first take a piece of board, in height proportioned 
 to the size of your dog, and place a piece of meat on 
 one side, ilie dog on the other. Have the board so 
 placed that lie can get around, but to o^at the meat he 
 must go over it. He will try to go around, but this 
 you must not allow. After several attempts, the desire 
 for the meat Avill teach him to jmnp over the board. 
 This ])erformance you can vary, substituting a stick 
 lor the board. Hold tbe stick higher and higher, ^ut 
 do not ever let him go under. Be sure and praise him 
 when he succeeds in jumping over the stick; he will 
 need no other reward, when he has once learned. 
 
 Another important lesson is to teach him to "Come 
 behind,'" or as the English say, "Come to heel.'' 
 
 The easiest way to do this is to have a stick of the 
 right length with a harness snap in the end of it. 
 
AITKM'IX. 251 
 
 which you fasten into his colhir ring. With tliis you 
 -c-an keep him in position, althongh he will not like it. 
 But he patient with him. talk kindly to him, and as soon 
 as you relieve him tell him to 'Xlo on,*' which he 
 will be only too willing to do. Eventually you can use- 
 <i cord in place of a stick, and with a little s^^dtch in your 
 uand you cau. by a gentle tap, remind him to get hack 
 wjien he tries to push ahead, as he will be sure to do. 
 
 This last accomplishment will be found indis- 
 pensable when you undertake to use you dog in ihe 
 Held; it will save you much wear and tear of voice and 
 temper. 
 
 FIELD WORK. 
 
 Eule 1.*— Go slowly, but persevere. 
 
 Rule 2. — Use no harshness; the dog wil-l never 
 forget it. 
 
 Eule 3. — Go with him, and show him just what 
 to do. 
 
 Rule 4. — If really disobedient, and you must pun- 
 ish him, go to him instead of calling him to you. 
 
 ulc 5. — If compelled to correct him, never let 
 him go away till you are friends again: he may run 
 off and be ruined. 
 
 Ijiile 6.— "Like master, like dog." If you are 
 gentle with the sheep, he will be: but if you are rough 
 he will learn to worry them. 
 
l!t>Z APPEXIJIX. 
 
 Rule 7. — Do not let hiiii follow any tecims or per- 
 sons except those employed by yon about the sheep. 
 
 Eule 8. — Xever take hmi among the -sheep until 
 he is thoroughly trained to ^^come here*' a;id will obey 
 at the word. 
 
 Eule 9. — Train him to notice the wave of j'our 
 hand whether to right or left, according as you want 
 him to go. This is important, because when it is 
 wind}', or he is at a distance, he can see signals when 
 he could not hear 3'ou. Sometimes, on a wide plain 
 he can hardly see the hand; it will then be necessary 
 to wave a handkerchief. 
 
 Holding it straight up and still, signifies ''That 
 will do."^ Afterwards you can teach him to -move slowly 
 to the word "steady.'' 
 
 You can control him if too impetuous, by fastening 
 a long cord to his collar and jerking him up suddenly 
 when he goes too fast, at the same tim^ saying "steady.'' 
 
 Rule 10. — We will say "'lasth'," although in reality 
 the details in training a Sheep dog to a reasonable degree 
 of perfection would require a volume; but the tenth 
 rule and the first and last of successful training is not 
 to put him to hard work until he has speed and strength 
 to run ahead of the flock or around it. To teach all that 
 can be learned requires great patience, but results will 
 repay you. A young dog is heedless and at times trying, 
 but if he is too severely dealt with you will spoil him. 
 Study his temper, and if you must correct him, be 
 very kind to him afterwards. He will remember both 
 the punishment and the kindness; but if you are gener- 
 
APPENDIX. 25J> 
 
 ally kind and only severe now and then his affection for 
 you will survive the unplei.:antness, and affection must 
 be the real tie between you. 
 
 There is a trite saying that "Syhat man has done, 
 man can do."' To illustrate the idea of patience and 
 kindness upon which I have harped so much, I will now 
 give some account of mv own dog, a female, a pure 
 Scotch Collie, now less than tw^o years old, which I 
 trained from a few months of age, not for general pur- 
 poses, but for my own special needs. These she has 
 so well subserved that my personal and domestic affairs 
 would be sadly embarassed by the loss of her. 
 
 As my house is some distance from the post office, 
 I have taught her to fetch and carry my mail. This 
 is a convenience to me when at home, as it saves much 
 tnne; being away during the spring, summer and 
 autumn months, it is a necessity that my mail should 
 arrJYe and depart with dispatch in my absence, and 
 so my wife makes use of Juno as mail carrier.. 
 
 Animals, like men, are creatures of habit. It is not 
 s - very difficult to teach a dog to go on errands. Where- 
 ever you wish him to go take him regularly yourself a 
 Jew times. He will soon learn when you start where 
 it is that you propose to go, and will be apt to run on 
 ahead and get there first. 
 
 I took Juno to the post office, introduced her to the 
 postmaster, to whom I explained my idea, giving Juno 
 the letters in a little basket, the handle of which she 
 held in her mouth. 
 
 In training a dog for this feat, care should be 
 . ken not to have the basket too heavy. 
 
254 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 I wrapped the handle of Juno's basket with soft 
 cloth. I am accustomed to send single books (my work 
 on Colt Training) to correspondents, not in the basket, 
 but fastened to it with rubber rings. The basket has 
 a little bell on the imder side. When the mail train 
 has been in a few minutes. I take down the basket and 
 the bell tinkles. Juno hears this and comes to the 
 veranda door, all alert for the errand. I open the door, 
 she comes in, pays no attention to visitors, or to the 
 children (of whom she is extremelv fond) but attends 
 strictly to business, watching every motion of mine, 
 intent upon her important commission. I place the 
 basket handle in her mouth, open the door and say 
 ^Tost office" when she bounds away, ''swift as an 
 arrow to its mark.'" Children come out sometimes and 
 w^ant to stop and play with her: bnt ^vith head erect 
 she redoubles her speed, and much sooner than any 
 biped could go and return, back she comes, to report 
 and get a pat on the head and the "ilood Juno." which 
 she expects. So rational a creature is she. that she has 
 learned to connect the whistle of the incoming train 
 with the errand, and if I delay in gettino" out the basket 
 she becomes restless and walks abont the veranda, with 
 the air of one thinking, "I wonder what he is waiting 
 for? Don't he know the train is in?'' 
 
 Juno performs several tricks. I have not taken the 
 time from my professional business to teach her a great 
 many but such as I have undertaken she knows thoro- 
 ughly, and will never forget. At an early age she showed 
 a taste for climbing, which I indulged as far as possi- 
 
APPENDIX. 255 
 
 Lie. A step-ladder furnished a route to the top of tlie 
 grape arbor. From this I laid strips of Ijoard leading 
 to the stable lower roof. Along this she would go, and 
 as she was not yet satisfied, I. nailed cleats to uprights 
 which I set against the gable of the high barn. On top 
 of this high roof is a square tower with a low railing 
 around its upper part ot floor. Juno goes to the top 
 of this tower at comnuind, lies down facing nie, with 
 her fore-paws hanging over, waiting for me to say 
 ''That'll do/'" which is the sigTial for her to come down. 
 As she enjoys it so well I sometimes stop her mid way 
 'and say ''Eepeat," which she does at once. 
 
 When the weather is very cold or it is icy on the 
 roofs, I am very careful not to require too much of her. 
 ]\Iany are surprised to see how quickly, yet how care- 
 fully she makes the ascent and -tlescent. My little son 
 can also send her up and call her doAAii. So many peo- 
 ple say "How^ I would like to have a dog like that!'' 
 A^ery few people would be willing to take the pains to 
 ensure the result. There is much in nature; there is 
 still more in education. As the weather is often unfav- 
 ora,ble for out door training, I have a room in my house 
 in which to train and exercise Juno in her lessons. 
 
 I have arranged a teeter-board on which she and 
 my little son teeter up and down. Anyone Avishing to 
 arrange such a board, (and it is great fun for boy and 
 dog and spectators) must never omit several precau- 
 tions; an important one is to have a little moulding 
 all along both edges of the board at the dog's end, so 
 that he cannot slide off sideways; and a little chair is 
 
l'5f5 APPENDIX. 
 
 a good method of securing the boy's seat. Take off the 
 legs of the chair and fasten it firmly to the end of the 
 board, with the back at right angles to it. An arm- 
 chair is best. 
 
 In the middle of this room, vacant except for the 
 exercising apparatus, is a low platform, three or four 
 feet square, eight or ten inches from the floor. 
 
 This is the goal, or station, to and from which 
 Juno's exertions are made. When she enters the room, 
 she goes at once to that, and waits for orders. 
 
 There is a high-backed chair, also, in one corner of 
 the room, into which, at the word, she gets, and put- 
 ting her fore-paws on the back, she hides her face to 
 say her prayers. Like some other careless and per- 
 functory worshippers, she now and then peeps out to 
 fiee what. others are doing. But she never gets down, 
 no matter how much I walk about and talk to her. till 
 T say "Amen.'" 
 
 She plays L.iiL catches my hat, wears a cu^luiuu, 
 walks on her hind legs, and does many other things 
 with the greatest interest and eagerness. Any and all 
 of these tricks (and they may be varied almost indef- 
 initely) are taught with ease after the first fundamental 
 idea finds a lodgment in her brain, that is, that she must 
 understand and obey, especially obey. Always reward 
 your dog, both with words and some little treat of which 
 it is fond, after a lesson or practice hour. The kind 
 words are the most important. And you can teach 
 him almost anything you care to, without punishment. 
 Encouragement and petting will do wonders. 
 
APPENDIX. 2r>7 
 
 One frequent cruelty practised, is that of keeping 
 a dog chained. A chain on a dog is like an overcheck 
 on a horse, only evil and that continually. Think of 
 the misery caused to an active dog to be fastened to 
 a chain, frequently a short one, in every kind of 
 weather. 
 
 How often do we hear the pleading bark or the 
 wliining of sojue dog, made unhappy by being chaiiiet] 
 up, alone. 
 
 Dogs are fond of human companionship and a vi- 
 cious dog that cannot be trnsted to run about hat), much 
 better be humanely killed than to drag out a wretched 
 existence at one end of a chain. Generally it is this 
 very tying up that makes him viciaus. 
 
 A humane leaflet I saw recently most truthfully 
 says : "People say, if he is loose he will run away.'' To 
 be sure he will, to keep from being chained up again. 
 Or, "he is chained as a guard, to bark at tramps.*' But 
 then if he barks all day whether there are tramps or 
 not, he ceases to be listened to, and every one knows 
 how to keep out of the way of a chained dog, or quiet 
 him by a piece of poisoned meat thrown near him. 
 
 There is always danger, especially in hot weather, 
 that a tied up dog will suffer from neglect. 
 
 People wiio know that he requires food and clean 
 water, are often too careless to give it to him — water, 
 especiall}', and the constant thirst which comes fron. 
 barking and fretting is so great tnat these careless peo- 
 ple would nearly go crazy if they had to suffer it them- 
 selves. 
 
 There are other, and very serious reasons, which a 
 
258 Al'PENDIX. 
 
 Teterinary surgeon could explain, that make it essential 
 to the health of a dog, that he should have his liberty 
 several hours each day. There is a kind of grass that 
 a dog eats which has grejft medicinal value for him, and 
 his instinct alone tells him where to lind it when he 
 needs it. When tied up he goes without it, and suffers 
 in cou sequence. 
 
 The best way to keep a dog tha.t needs restraint, 
 is to put him in a 3'ard with a high fence. If this is 
 not practicable, fasten a wire across any yard ; on this 
 put an iron ring, which, when attached by a cord to 
 his collar, will allow him to run backwards and for- 
 wards, the full length of the w^ire. The yard ought 
 to have shade- as well as sunsiiine to protect him from 
 too great heat of the sun. 
 
 Also a dog's house should be made with a partition 
 running nearly across it, behind which he wall be pro- 
 tected from the wind. 
 
 It should be raised a few^ inches from the ground 
 to prevent dampness, which is one cause of mange, and 
 of the disease called ''Kennel Lameness." Then there 
 should be a sliding panel in the back of the house to 
 let in sun and air when the kennel needs ventilation and 
 drying. Give your dog clean straw, or better still, clean 
 pine shavings for a bed. 
 
 The cutting of a dog's tailand ears is a barbarous 
 practice, and is not only very cruel, but liable to cause 
 serious disease — ^deafness and cankpi- "i>-n foll<.\r mi, 
 exposure of the inside of the ear. 
 
 A dog's eai-s should never be pulled either in play 
 or for punishuient, for it may cause deafness. A good 
 
APPENDIX. 259 
 
 combing and brushing is more useful tlian a bath. 
 Never use hot water for washing dogs; it should be a 
 little warm only. Do not allow a dog who is fond of 
 water to go in too often after a stick; his ambition is 
 be3*ond his streng-th, and a dog that dislikes water ought 
 never to be thrown into it. If your dog should be cross 
 and irritable, seek for the cause. 
 
 Perhaps it is improper food, or a tight collar or 
 something else that you can remedy. Dogs are very sen- 
 sitive and respond with pleasure to a kind word, while 
 harsh ones makes them miserable. The great Landseer, 
 the famous painter of animals, owed much of his won- 
 derful success, not only to his genius, but to his love 
 for the animals themselves. He was alwayc partial to 
 dogs and seemed to picture their joys and sorrows in 
 a manner far more eloquent than words. A lady once 
 asked the artist how he learned so much about dogs? 
 "By peeping into their hearts," was his reply. Dogs 
 that he hr^-, never seen before would rush up to him 
 with every indication of delight. 
 
 A dog should be fed regularly twice a day. His 
 food should be varied; meat and bones entering into it, 
 but too much meat is injurious, and all their meat 
 should be cooked. In summer boil a cabbage with it 
 3iOW and then; it is a good antidote against the mange. 
 Unless he has considerable exercise you should not 
 feed too abundantly. 
 
 Mrs. Harriet Bcecher Stowe was very fond of dogs, 
 and always had from one to three about the place. 
 After she became famous she kept servants, and one 
 
200 ATPENDIX. 
 
 occasion askiug the girl whose duty it was to feed the 
 dogs, if they were not hungry, she replied : ^'IS: o ma'am, 
 I guess not; I fed them all they could eat day before 
 yesterday/'' 
 
 If your dog should have a fit, do not let him get 
 out on the ^street, or some stupid person may raise the 
 cry of ''mad dog'^ and he may be shot. 
 
 Put liim into a quiet, dark place, wet his head often 
 with cold water, and a few hours after he has recovered 
 feed him on bread and milk. I once knew a dog that 
 had been fed on salt fish and accidentally shut in 
 where he could get no water. He became almost crazy 
 and scared people nearly into fits, till one of those per- 
 sons who have brains and use them came along, and 
 said '"give him water to drink.'' He drank half a gallon 
 in a few minutes and then licked the hand that gave 
 him the bowl of water. 
 
 A great deal of nonsense has been said and written 
 about mad dogs. In thirty years only two deaths from 
 hj'drophobia have occurred in the populous city of Bos- 
 ton. A great many nK)re persons are struck by light- 
 ning. If your dog chances to eat anything thrown out 
 to poison rats, give him raw eggs, one after another, and 
 put warm milk with a spoon, far back on his tongue, 
 closing his jaws with the other l:^nd, so that he will be 
 compelled to swallow it. 
 
 "BIRD DOG." 
 
 This somewhat vague title is usually, in this coun- 
 try, applied first to the setter and next to the pointer. 
 
APPFXDIX, 261 
 
 both of which are so generally used for huntir.g pur- 
 poses. 
 
 There are, however, many varieties of dogs which 
 are so used. Of the setter and pointer there are sever- 
 al varieties, most of them too well kno^vn to need de- 
 scription. As no one can prove, oven if he so contends, 
 that "sport," so-called, is as important as farming, or 
 as tJie protection of the home, so neither the setter or 
 tlie pointer is as useful as the collie. 
 
 Some breeds of setters are very handsome. They 
 can be trained to domestic pursuits, and jiuike nice pets, 
 when kept clean; they are not, however, -as aiTcctionate 
 nor as sagacious as the collie. 
 
 THE ST. BERNARD. 
 
 k wonderfully 'adapted to rescue work in localities 
 where such work is needed. 
 
 He derives his name from St. Bernard, of Menthon, 
 who founded there a Hospice nine hundred years ago, 
 for the shelter of travellers between Italy and Switzer- 
 land. In the midst of a wilderness hundreds of thou- 
 sands of travellers, during all these centuries, have found 
 T\dthin its hospitable waUs genial welcome, rest, food, 
 light and fellowship. The St. Bernard dogs are trained 
 to search in the snow for travellers, and they are wonder- 
 fully herioc and successful. Being very large and 
 strong they can drag a man quite a distance, and when 
 compelled to stop will bark for assistance. Many a 
 life has been saved throucrh their efforts. 
 
262 APPENDIX. 
 
 THE NEWFOUNDLAND 
 
 dog, though not nearly as large, is larger than the 
 collie, and as much at home in the water as a quadruped 
 can he. He knows no greater pleasure, apparently, than 
 to rescue some one from drowning, and to be petted 
 and ca: ssed for the act. There are several hundred 
 species of dogs all of which have their good traits and 
 their admirers. Volumes might he written about them, 
 and of the extraordinary feats of which they are capable. 
 
 Every day, in ordinary life, we see examples of true 
 fidelity and heroism. They are so common as hardly to 
 be thought noteworthy. We should never come to a 
 conclusion if we tried to recount all the heroic deeds ol 
 this valuable companion of man. Be kind and just to 
 the dog; if he is good and faithful, reward him; if he 
 has faults, kindly and patiently educate him out of 
 them. There is no friend so faithful, no watchman so 
 keen, no detective so alert as he, and there is much we 
 may learn from the society of dogs. At least we can 
 leam constancy, sincerity, simplicity and the hateful- 
 ness of selfishness, and the man who hates dogs must 
 have something wrong about him. 
 
 One of the signs of the times and an encourag- 
 ing one to humane people generally, is the increasing 
 tendency on the part of the secular and religious press 
 to publish anecdotes and other articles concerning dogs, 
 'designed to exploit their noble traits. Some of the 
 best minds of the age do not hesitate to pay tribute to 
 their virtues. From Sir Walter Scott and Cooper to the 
 present time there are not wanting noble minds to rec- 
 
APPfJNDIX. 263 
 
 Qgnize the fact that the Creator of all things has en- 
 dowed them with gifts, which under wise training, do 
 honor to the Almighty's handiwork. 
 
 One of the most touching and yet dignified acts 
 illustrating the saying "the greatness of a man con- 
 sists in doing little things with a great mind" occurs 
 to me in this connection. 
 
 A friend of mine, William' P. Buell, of Eichmond, 
 Ind., (the well-known evangejist and missionary lecturer,) 
 has a fine Collie, nine years old, which he raised from 
 a puppy of a few weeks old. 
 
 Being of splendid pedigree and exceptionally well 
 trained, she is a great pet, not only of the family, but 
 of all who know her. Being very sick all one night with 
 spnptoms of poisoning, Mrs. Buell went in the morning 
 to the office of Dr. Hibberd (the distinguished president 
 of the American Medical Association, which numbers 
 a hundred thousands members) asking him if he could 
 tell her what to do; at the same time apologizing for 
 ftj;king advice about a dog. I think Dr. Hibberd's re ' v 
 was grand, though quite in keeping T\ith the tenor of 
 hiB life, full of kind acts, (no one during his life can 
 realize their number,) wlien he replied : "I am only too 
 ^.ad to relieve Buffering in any form, and you can go 
 iiome; I will find out what to do and let you know." In a 
 short time he drove to the home of the Buell's, and 
 gave full and complete directions for treatment; which 
 being caxefully followed, the beautiful and valuable 
 aaimal was soon as well as ever. It is in the interest 
 eg humane and kindly consideration for animals, and 
 
^61 APPENPIX. 
 
 also to record such a lofty example of compassion, un- 
 alloyed by the petty idea of unprofessional condescen- 
 sion which would have. prevented a man of small cali- 
 ber from dri-^-ing out of his way for a four footed suffer- 
 er, that I have used a personal illustration. The par- 
 ties are so well known that publicity T^-ill not harm 
 them, and that it may be a stimulus to the tijnid and 
 faint hearted friend of animals, as well as a tribute of 
 "honor to whom honor is due," is my wish and object 
 in relating the incident. 
 
 Moral courage is needed in the world in all depart- 
 ments of life; in none more so than in humane work 
 and the training of animals by himiane methods, in 
 distinction from the old time '"breaking" customs. 
 Kead the anecdotes which follow, only a few of the 
 multitudes that might be given, and see what others are 
 thinking and doing in this "end of the century," along 
 Buch lines. 
 
 THE POWER OF ANIMALS IN EXPRESSING EMOTIONS- 
 WHY DOGS WAG THEIR TAILS. 
 
 Few animals excel the dog in the power of express- 
 ing emotion. This power is a sure sign of an animal 
 wh^ch i? habitr'^-lh' \r> r-or:t7niuiT'?o'*:'or'. w.^'!:h its fo!l':7'S 
 for certain common ends. There are many reasons 
 for the tail being the chief organ of expression among 
 dogs. They have but little facial expression beyond 
 the lifting of the lip to show the teeth and the dilation 
 
APPENDIX. 2f>5 
 
 of the pupil when angry. The jaws and coiUii^ nous parts 
 are too much ?pecialized for the serious purp^j^e ol seiz- 
 ing prey to be fitted for sucli piu-poses as they are in 
 man. There is no doubt ttint hounds habitually watch 
 the tails of those in front of them when drawing a 
 covert. If a faint drag is detected the tail of the finder 
 is at once set in motion, and the warmer the scent the 
 quicker does it wag. Others, seeing the signal, instantly 
 join, and there is an assemblage of waving tails before 
 tlie least whimper is heard. When the pack is at full 
 Qvy upon a scent the tails cease to wave^ but are car- 
 ried aloft in full view. 
 
 THE QUESTION OP TAIL- WAGGING. 
 
 The whole question of tail-wagging is a very inter- 
 esting one. xVll dogs wag their tails when pleased, and 
 the movement is generally understood by their human 
 associates as an intimation that they arc very happy. 
 The chief delight of wild dogs, as with modern hounds 
 and sporting dogs, is in the chase and its accompany- 
 ing excitement as consequences. When the presence of 
 game is first detected is invariably the time wlien tails 
 are wagged for the common good. The wagging is an 
 almost invariable accompaniment of this form of pleas* 
 
 emotions when in a wild state, owing to some inoscula- 
 tion of the nervoiLS mechanism, w^hich at present we 
 cannot unravel; the association of pleasure and wag- 
 ging has become so inseparable that the movement 01 
 
20C 
 
 Al^r'KNf)fX 
 
 the tail follows the emotioD» whatever may call it forth. 
 An explanation of a simiilar kind may "be found, 
 from the fact that dogs depress their tailb when threat- 
 ened or scolded. When running away the tail would he 
 the part nearest the pursuer, and therefore most likely 
 to he seized. It was^ therefore, securely tucked away 
 between the hi^id logs. The act of running away is 
 naturally closely associated with the emotion of fear, 
 and therefore this gesture of putting the tail between 
 the legs becomes an invai'iable concomitant of retreat 
 or submission in the presence of superior force.— In- 
 dianapolis News. 
 
 DOGS VERY SENSIBLE TO RIDICULE. 
 
 Another extremely human cliaracteristic of the 
 dog is his susceptibility to ridicule. Only in the more 
 sensitive natures of men do wc lind contempt, express- 
 ed in laughter of the kind that conveys that emotion, 
 as keenly and painfully appreciated as among dogs. It 
 is possible, Prof. Shaler asserts, to drive certain hoimds 
 away or to quell their anger by laughing in tlieir faces. 
 But onee jon have cowed a dog b}- insistent laughter^ 
 you can never hope to make friends with hira. 
 
 **A year or two ago," say? Profe^ssor Shaler, "1 
 vras imprudent enough to laugh at a very intelligent 
 dog in my neighborhood, ho having unreasonably 
 assaulted me at my house door, where he had been left 
 ft lonq; time to wait while his owner \ras within, and 
 
Al'PKNDIX. 2G7 
 
 had thereby been braught into an unhappy frame of 
 mind. Sympathizing with his sitnation, I preferred 
 to laugh him out of his humor rather than to beat hhn 
 with my stick. I regret that I did not take the other 
 alternative, for I made the .poor l)rutc my implacable 
 enemy by my pretense of contempt for him. 
 
 Only a ehort time since, I knew of a case in which 
 a. whole famil^^ would have been burned to death in 
 their house, in the night, if the dog had not barked 
 and waked them; and of another case, in which a whole 
 family would have died in the night from coal gas winch 
 was coming out of the stove, if the dOg had not barked 
 and waked tliem. 
 
 There are many books filled with stories about the 
 good things dogs have done, and many other books 
 might be filled with other stories Just as good. They 
 have always been the friends and companions of human 
 beings, and are generally very kind to cluldren. The 
 gi'eat naturalist, Cuvier, who studied this whole sub- 
 ject, thinks that men could spare any other animal 
 Jx-tter than they could spare dogs. 
 
 Some of the greatest and best men that have ever 
 "lived have been very fond of them. Such men as Sir 
 Walter Scott and Sir Edwin Landsecr. And poor men 
 often find them their best friends. A poor, sick colored 
 man, sometime since, travelled on foot hundreds of miles 
 to the hospital at Louisville, Kentucky, to see if he 
 could get cured, having with him his dog. But lyhen 
 
they told liim lie inutt a.ba>nLluu his clog and turn him 
 into the E^treet, because they would not have any dc 
 in tlie hospital, the poor man took the dog in his ann^^ 
 and with tears running down hi: face, said lie would 
 rather die with liis dog than turn him into the street 
 and go to the hospital. I am glad to say that when they 
 found how much he loved the dog. they let the dog go 
 into the hospital with him. 
 
 A traveller in Portugal purt-based a native dog,, 
 which soon became much attached to him. When spok- 
 ell to ill Kngli.-^h, even accompanied by the most expre>i- 
 sive hniks and gestures the master could command, the 
 dog appeared puzzled, and Ik seldom found out what 
 was required of him, but when his master addressed 
 him in Portuguese — badly as his master spoke it, the- 
 dog joyfully executed his wishes. 
 
 After a time by repeating the words alternately In 
 Portuguese and in English, the dog learned the latter 
 as well as the former, and would obey as readily. But 
 the same command given in Frencli reduced him to a 
 <tat«' of despair again. 
 
 Afterward the dog was can-ied to France. After 
 living there some time he became so familiar with the 
 language that he understood directions given to him^ 
 tiioup^h — perhans bpcau=e ho hnd nr-rA^r^. nlr^r.r o^ri c^ ■•■><-;T^ 
 language was harder to acquire — he never responded 
 so readily a,s to commands in Portuguese and English. 
 
 I once saw a little boy take a splendid medal in 
 Paris, France, in tliis way: On his way to school with 
 
his little dinner basket he came across a poor, half- 
 starved dog, and he pitied the dog so that lie just opened 
 his dinner basket and gave the dog all his dinner, and 
 went without himself. 
 
 The French society for the prevention of cruelty 
 to animals heard of it and awarded him a medal, and 
 I was present at the annual meeting of the society, in 
 the great hall of the Sorbonne, when the medal was 
 presented. 
 
 When the little fellow's name was called and he 
 came forward to get the medal, the whole vast audience 
 of French men and women stood up and cheered him. 
 —Geo. T. Angell. 
 
 CAN DOGS TALK ? 
 
 When engagwl in locating a railway in Xew Bruns- 
 wick, James Camden, a civil engineer, was compelled 
 one night by a severe snow storm to take refuge in a 
 small farm house. The farmer owned two dogs, one 
 an old [[Newfoundland and the other a Collie. In due 
 time the farmer and his family went to bed, the New- 
 foundland stretched himself out by the chimney corner, 
 and Mr. Camden and the man with him had rolled them- 
 selves in their blankets on the floor in front of the fire. 
 
 The door of the house was closed by a wooden latch 
 and fastened by a bar placed across- it. Mr. Camden and 
 his man were lust. fnllino; nslcpp wh'^n tliey bcird the 
 latch of the door raised. They did not get up imme- 
 diately, and in a short time the latch was tried again. 
 They waited a few minutes, and then Mr. Camden 
 rose, unfastened the door and looked out. Seeing noth- 
 
"970 APPENDIX. 
 
 ing, he retiiniod to hi? hlnnkot?, but dirl not replace the 
 bar across the door. 
 
 Two or tliroe minutes later the latch was tried 
 the third time. This time the door opened and the 
 Collie walked in. He pushed the door hack, walked 
 straight to the old Xewfoimdland and appeared to 
 make some kind of a whispered communication to him. 
 Mr. Camden lay still and watched. The old dog rose 
 and followed the other one out of the house. Both 
 presently returhecl, driving before them a valuable ram 
 belonging to the farmer, which had become separated 
 from the rest of the flock and was in danger of perishing 
 in the storm. Kow, how did the Collie impart to the 
 other dog a knowledge of the situation unless through 
 some supersense unknown to us? — Ex. 
 
 A Lcwiston (Me.) man has a dog wiiich can not 
 only rake care of himself, but the property of his own- 
 er ami other people as well. He pays no fare on the 
 railroads. If he happens to be up in New Hampshire 
 ^'ith his master and wants to go home he boards a 
 train and curls up under a seat, and stays there until 
 it is tijiie to ehaiige cars; and in a few hours he is 
 foimd entering the Lewiston restaurant as if it was 
 notiii ng strange that he had, travelled without a pro- 
 tector or guide. In a day or two he will disappear and 
 show^ up in Lancaster, N. H. He is the same dog that 
 stopped a runaway in Lewiston one time by seizing the 
 rein near the bridle in his teeth and dragging dovm 
 the horse's head.— Humane Educator. 
 
APPENDIX. *2n 
 
 A NOBLE DOG AND A GRATEFUL CAT. 
 
 Mr. Gilmore, of Cedar Rapids, said to a friend one 
 day, "I want to tell you about our dog and cat.'' The 
 cat had been an inmate of his house for years, and had 
 come to feel as if she were the head of the family. One 
 day Mr. Gilmore brought a big dog home. For a lon^; 
 time the dog tried earnestly to make a friend of the 
 cat, but bl>e would only spit at him and scratch hiin 
 with her claws. Finally he seemed to give up trying any 
 longed. One day the cat was lying comfortably on the 
 lawn in the sunlight, when suddenly a large, yellow dog 
 jumped over the gate and had nearly reached her, when 
 the old house dog bounded off the porch and his teeth 
 closed in the strange dog's neck. One strong shakt 
 sent the intruder away howling with pain. The old 
 dog marched back to his place on the porch and laid 
 down agam. The cat got up from her place on the 
 grass and looked at him; walked toward the steps and 
 look again. The old dog lay with closed eyes, and 
 gave her no attention. She stood on the first step and 
 looked at him again. Then she worked her way up to 
 the porch floor, but the dog never moved. Finally she 
 went and laid down between his great fore paws and 
 put her face close to his. "And," said Mr. Gilmore, 
 "that dog and cat have been like David and Jonathan 
 ever since.'' All the eat needed was knowledge of the 
 dog's nature, which hitherto she had lacked. She had 
 already misjudged him, but just as soon as she realized 
 that he was a noble, true and brave old friend, she gave 
 herself to him with all her heart. 
 
THE BEERY TRAINING APPLIANCES. 
 
 Few horse owners realize what it means to have a 
 set of my appliances. If you have, or ever expect to 
 have, a colt to break, the use of these appliances will 
 enable you to do the work in half the time, with less 
 harshness to the colt than any other plan, and make 
 a more valuable horse out of him. If any horse you 
 now own, or may own in the future, has any annoy- 
 ing habit, the use of these appliances, will completely 
 cure him in an incredibly short time. You will real- 
 ize that it is one of the best investments you ever 
 made. They are made of good leather and sewed 
 throughout— not a rivet in them. 
 
 The appliances are divided into three groups, and 
 if you do not care for all the parts, the first and sec- 
 ond groups are sufficient to subdue any horse. The 
 first group is simply invaluable in training a colt or 
 taking the conceit out of a horse that has a bad habit 
 of any kind. There are many "family horses" with 
 some little annoying habit that they endure because 
 they think it can not be cured. With these appli- 
 ^ances the habit can be removed. Considerable profit 
 to the owner of a set of these appliances can be 'made 
 by a moderate charge for the use of them in the 
 n ighborhood. 
 
 ALL KINDS OF HORSES, 
 
 the wild, vicious— the regular "man-eater" kind, the 
 tricky and dangerous biters and kickers, the shyers 
 at street cars and automobiles, horses that won't 
 stand quiet, horses that do not obey instantly the 
 command "Whoa," horses afraid of umbrellas, horses 
 that do not drive single as well as double, those that 
 pull on the bit, etc, etc 
 
 There is no liabit, I care not of how long standing, 
 that can not be removed by these appliances— and 
 that permanently. Any horse, no matter how pow- 
 erful he may be, is rendered completely helpless, and 
 is brought absolutely under control. They should be 
 in the stable of every horse owner. 
 
 Booklet giving full description and prices sent on 
 request. 
 
 JESSE BEERY, Pleasant Hill, Ohio. 
 
 Bit D e v a k t m e n t . 
 
THE BEERY DRIVING BIT? 
 
 The greatest bit ever invented. Practically 
 four bits in one, 
 
 (See next page for illustrations.) 
 
 Contains all the features necessary to be used on 
 any horse, from the worst runaway kicker to the most 
 gentle colt. 
 
 In consequence of the different ways it can be 
 used, it meets every requirement expected of a bit. 
 
 When this bit is shown and personally explained 
 to horsemen, they quickly see the great advantage i^ 
 has over all other bits, and its sale is a foregone con- 
 clusion. 
 
 It has INSTANT control over UNRULY HORSES 
 and does not lacerate or injure the mouth. Hard 
 pullers are easily driven. It is the best bit ever in- 
 vented for colts. It is made of expensive gun metal 
 and handsomely finished. Guaranteed for five years- 
 The various adjustments for use on different kinds of 
 liorses make it unequalled for driving double, as also 
 for a horse that side reins, or lolls the tongue out of 
 the mouth. Every horse owner needs one or more of 
 these bits. 
 
 Price, handsomely finished with nickel plate -H 50 
 each, two for .$2.75, 
 
 X C (White metal) or .Japanned (Black finish i 
 $1.00 each, two for $1.85. 
 
 Sent postpaid on receipt of price. 
 
 Send for complete descriptive circular. 
 
 JJi:3SE BEERY, Pleasant Hill.. Ohio. 
 Bit Department. 
 
ILLUSTRATED HERE. 
 
 Fig. 1 shows its application on a Gentle Hoi'se, or Colt, wHich nee«[« 
 nothing severe. 
 
 Fig. 2 shows its application on a Shying or Nervous Horse, becoming 
 severe only when the driver draw.« on the lines, and easy when not— thui 
 it can be applied at any moment needed. 
 
 Fig. 3 illustrates a still more po\v«M'ful method of application wherebf 
 the most vicious, kicking or runaway Horse or Mule is Instantly over- 
 come and brought to .subjection. 
 
 Fig. 4 adjusted for Side Reiners. The large rings move freely on the 
 bar, and the small rings can be us»il alone, or turned forward in connec- 
 tion with the large rings to obtain the various needs of all classei of 
 horses, and this without the lea.*Mninrv to the horse's mouth. 
 
 PROR JESSE BEERY, Pleasant Hill, Ohio. 
 
 Patented