'9'!!!tfiflrwfltflfleétfliéfiOitifiefifififlzfieééMflew: Imprlmatur. - Exlfid.i—Sab. ' Geo: Stradling, S 317’. Re; niacffmb' war. in Cbriflo ‘Pat. Gilé. 1312. Land. 254:.90212. o¢oooc¢¢o.oc¢¢0¢¢¢o¢0¢ao¢¢ccc¢o¢¢9¢¢¢¢¢ao EERMON Diflivading from 0 B” L 0 Q u I E AGAINST Governours; Preached on Sunday Decemb.7 7. 1662. in a Soiemne £0 73 IE NCE; And now,at the'requefl ofdivcrs that heard it7 made publick. .By WIILIAM HAYVVOOD Do&or in Divinity, Chaplain in Ordinary to His M/IfEST T and Rcfiorofs. Gzles s int/9e Fields. a Pet. 2. 1 o. , F-ToAyn-ml, éuGiJ‘m, $62“ a} 1935;“: flaantm'inec. L 0 N D 0 N, Printed by j. G. for R R9fion,Book-fcli¢r to His mofi SACRED MAjESTY. 1 66;. l “-‘uo—oa-H _.....——— m a»; ,9: 2:: :I 1 a 5? gvr/fi {‘53.}, high” ‘ ‘“ ‘. 5‘. t I _“ {J 1/“ U" '- II «A '_, ._\, z: .w “7-,! ’ - u A or s 2;. ver. 5. For it {a written, 7/9014 flmlt not/[Jeakevil of tbe Ruler of tbypeo. pie. ‘T Have read you a Text, which,if duly 2; . eonfid‘ered and made confcience of, might help to abate much the ve- ‘4 ’ hemence of thofe Fires which late- ly threatned the common fafety. For thWlXt Wicked Thoughts againfi our Rulers , (Thoughts, the fountain-of Sedition ) and rebellious Deeds (Deeds, the flame that ac— complilh Sedition, and confume a King‘- dome) Words'are the readiefl Infltuments; \Y/ords the bellows that kindle the Sparkles ; Words the wind that ventilate the Flame: A 3 were 2/ C) ’2'» ”I, A] 7 1 (24) were it n0t for which, the. Fire might eafily‘ _ langniflrand expire of it felf. So; that no lit- * ' tle goodfervice might be done, in quieting; firfl: the Tongues ofthe Multitude, that their. Hearts and their Hands might return to a bet-- - 'ter tempen _ " ‘ To which purpofe I have choferr- this Scripture) as a means to convince the Confci- ences ofnuniber5,touching the .hainouihelle ' of evil {peaking againPt their Governours. For nothing more undoeth the common 3 fort, then an opinion that filth talk is but light prattle; no great danger or crime in it. Hence fuch clouds, fuch fwarmes of lies and ilanders, which, likethe Flies and Grafliop- pers of/Egypt, have covered lome Parts of this i Land, 'till’ they have adarkenedfitsagain, and i made it noyfome. Though all‘ fins abound; : yet foas detraétion and fpightful lying; um i l s l g. 2 3 any abound-s; Of all enormities leaf}: confci- ence is made of Slander,- and of all-flandcrs leafl of llandering our-Rulers. As if‘th'er'é were utterly no Law for the Tongue; as if E Slander were no: the crime that hunted E ,Chrifl to his death, and his moll faithful Scr- i ‘vant our late Soveraign :- As if there were no N ‘ curfe l O. \, ,._,; . . V4.1" v ..._ {ifibw’ 1"; - - " cursfe on the Whifperer and double-tongued ; oras-gif the greater and higher any fame were, the more mens mouths were priviledged to bark againfl: it. So free, fo licentious all of all forts, in a manner, to vent their gall at . their lips, that in no one refpeét more thofe Words of the 14. 73falm appear verified ; Their throat i5 an open [epulchre, the poyfim of aflyes 1}: an: der their lips : their mouth: full of cmfing and hit: termjfi, &C. i , Now though divers Scriptures .mightb found to curb this mifchief, yet I have thought on this, as in fundry rel‘peéts effe- ctual. r. Becaufe it takes {trength from both Teflaments, the Old and the New, be: ing found here, and in Exodm 2.2.28. and fo not to be rejeéted by fire: or Gentile, Chriflian or Mahometan.~ 2.Becaufe Saint rPaulquoteth this Text as forcible againl’t himfelf, in behalf offlnanim‘ the High Priell. Ananiws awicked man, Saint (Paul a holy-man ; yet n0t a holy man allowed to reproch a wicked man in authority. ;. Becaufe Saint (Paul’s reprehenfi— 0n was jult, and ,fuch as toward an equal might be war-ranted ; yet not to be defended toward the high Priell, achief Ruler 0fthc people. , e ,m. « Ex ' people; To whichifye Hialladde, that Saint- .. ‘ ‘Rzul was grofly injuredg‘and multitudes0£> ' our Railcrs never injured ;.: Saint @dul one ., that had power to curfqour Revilers no pow; ‘ . er; Amniwr net alawful Governour, ours ' borh lawfull: and. highly meritingg'Saint ‘Paul's ill language true,& defendable by Scri“ -1 pture.J our peoples falfe,‘ and utterly againfl Scripture :f Thefe things confidered (one. would think) might aflwage much this po~ pular difeafe of‘railing upon Dignities, the liberty whereof hath once already, and may, who knoweth how foon ? again (if God in mercy prevent it nor)' overturn this King; _ dome. _ . ‘ We proceed toa divifitm of the words, which appear to branch them (elves into three main parts: r.An abule forbidden , Evil flanking: unm- pmrties towardmrn for- bidder), rRulers“ of the people : 3. The perfons forbidden to [peak evil; Saint @aul applies it. to himlélf, Tbou flu/Ina! jpetzk evil; and if 3;».- ‘Paul may nor, then nor any man. . ,To han— dle thefein the plainefi Order, will be as the > words {land in the Original; and begin firfl with the Parties againfl whomlevil may nor. be: ~ .‘r .. i - 'lgz‘,“". , il 5 ) 7befpoken,by pointing out, I . Who are thefe Ruler: of tbepeople: 2. Who the Tarties that [may nor {peak evil, neither Saint (Paul nor any man: ;.The Abufe it fell} by ihewing , What this eviljfieaking here is, and why forbid- den, And of theft, by God’s help, in their order: beginning firlt With the ‘ parties againll whom evil may not be fpokenflig. The Rulers oft/2e people. a No fuch difficult Charge this a ppeares: Firl’r,in that it is laid Negative. Negatives are eafier obeyed then Affirmatives : for noc to doe, requires no labour. Then, that it is a Negative, nor of Thoughts, or Deeds, but of Words, Words are nOt hard to refrain. Little can he doe, that cannOt hold his tongue. Nor, thirdly, a Negative of good words, fuch as David thought it grievous to I’m-39.3; forbear (I kept filence even from cgood words, but it was pain and grief to me:) but a Reitraint ofbad words onely, Thou/halt not flieak evil. Nor that Refiraint general, jIJeak evil of none : but {peei- . , 31, not of our Governours, which are but few, and the world wide enough befides, for out tongues to be bold withS Thou flmlt not [peak evil of the 'Ruler oft/2} peopl . B The \ \ 6-6 )’ R ' The Ruler, who is he.?;- The Texc in Ego; Jud hath two feveral nouns joyned with two divers Verbs: Thou flmlt not revile the Gods, nor curfe the Rulers oftlsy people. By the Gods fome would have meant Ecclefiaflical Governou‘rsfind; by Rule-gthe temporal Mzgzflrate; but theText favours nor this; for S. (Paul takes the latter Noun,- w?“ they fay lignifies the temporal Magi— 7 not flied/t evil oftbe Ruler. So that (Ruler is veri~ fiedindifferently of both. Some would have flhzte,&.applieeh it to the Hgb?riefl;T/20ufl7alt: them differ as’Princeps fafimgnd ’Princeps norm" Rulers that were made Rulers, and Rulers horn f0. Made Rulers 5 fuch were the Judges: , 7udge5 and Officers flmlt thou make thee in all thy gate5,Deut. 1 6. I 8. Rulers that werebornRu- ,lers; fuch were the Princes of Ifrael, eldef’t in dcfccnt From the Patfiarehsgealléd'fiedds of the Izoufes oftbeiyatbenfl’rimes oftbe tribes,Nu,7,2, Ye {hall fin thefe bornRulers firPc mentiondf EXOJéJZ; and thofe madeones two Cha - tersafter, Exod.13.25.’ And whether Of: thefe' werefuperiour it greatly matters net. Suffi- cicm it is for us to know, they were bOth un- der hie/es the fupreme' Governour 5 bath to be reverenced in their degree,and evil tongues (0‘ use . “ ‘ (7) , to-walk againi’t neither : neither againfl: in- .gferiourjudges, made Rulflr's by their Office; =nor againfl: the Heads of the Tribes, born Rulers by defcent : neither againl’c Ecclefia‘ flick Governours , the. PriCPCS and Levites , who were amongthe Jews a kind of born Rulers; nor againi’t the fecular Magiflrates, appointed to bear the Sword under the Sua- preme Power 5 and much lefs againfl: the Su- preme power it felf. ’Tis hard to {Ever there in honour orin dilhonour, in a well‘framed Community. ’Tis an injury toward the Su- periour to vilifie his Deputy; a reproch to the King himfelfito fay He hath evil Counfelfii lours about him. And hethat difparageth a. Prince, as weak and unable to judge of good Counfel, through him difparages his chief Counfellours and Officers; yea, and all the people under his Government, inafmuch as the difgrace of the Head redounds to the whole Body. , ' B0th are injured by fuch evil (peaking: it but of the two, they mofl' that fit highefl; fpecially they that are bOth wayes Rulers, by dfifeent and by office, 'Principes nati (9‘ 737571611065 fdazbOth, who have fupreme overfight of B 2 bOth “(533. 17. ( 3')- ' I ’ bOth Powers, Ecclelialli-ck and Secular, an Mofes had “from whom-lieth no appeal, and? upon whom the cares of all arelaid. Thefe, above all, are exempted from; the fury ofhadi- tongues: Speak net evil of theft: in any»- wife ‘ ' ' Neither ofthefe, nor yet of their inferioun Officers, even for their fakes: For as they» help to bear, theburthen with their ' S’ove-- rai-gn, they make but one body, and draw?" one common yoke.- Neither higher there‘ fore nor lower Powers may be reviled, no net the Priefls and Levites, as far asth’ey are. interef’ted in regimine, in ruling thepeople; And fome way they are i-nterefled :‘ for Saint Tau] calls them Leaders of the blind, Lights of them that/it in darknefs, Izzflrufi‘er: of tbe foolifl? :‘ and fpeaks iteven of JeWifh Teachers, Rom.- z.19. Lefs-then whom we can'nor imagine- rhe-Difciples ofChrili to he, whom our Sa- viour terms the light of the world, Mat.5tr4z And! though fomeOf late dayes Will nor abide to hear they-- {hould have any rule, yet We know where Saint 63cm! chargeth Chril’eian Congregations, Obey tbemtbat haw » the rule olrer you, and. jubmityour [elW5, Heb-13.17.- After. which. x 52%;;ng H t v, ("93) which 'Prefently follows, For they watchforyour ‘ fouls, as the} that muflgive an account, (7‘6. And' - who are thofe watchmen over your fouls, but the Clergy ? Let a man fl efleem of us as the: Mniflérs‘offhri/fland Stewards of the myfleries OfiGod, 1 Cor.4.1.5tewards,ltrow, are Ru— lers. If any doubt it, hearken to Chrifl: hi1n~- felf; Who then {a that faithfull and uni/e fleward,, whom his-Lordfhall make ruler over his boa/770161, to, give them, their meat in due feafon.’ Luke 1 2.47.. I-contend not for their power, (though Saint ”Paul {peaks of Power which the Lord had gia ven him for edification, and not to. deltruéti— on, 2 Cor. I 3-10.). But if I plead for their im« munity from railing and evil/heakincgfihe Text,.. Ifuppofe, will bear, me out in that. l Efpecially for thehigher order of - theClergie, I who fucceed the Apollleszwho have the over- fightmot of the People only,fr6 whence their name Epifeopi; but of the Clergy too, and‘ therefore termed Tralati: who are more then. (Rulers of the people, even Agxc'zrwr Among,- Rulers of their Rulersalfo. I hopeI may intercede i.“ their'behalf, that evil tongues may have. lefslib'erty to rail againfl fuch; for fuch the. Texc aims {at direétly. . It was a High Prielt: whom (to) , awhom Saint (Paid reviled here :. and. he ,inti- .mates clearly he would not have dOne it,rhad .. he known his' eminence, that he was aRuler ' * nftbe people. ‘ Upon which two words, Ruler and @eople, fo joyned,we have to obferve, It excufeth not any to lay he is none of my Ruler whoml' reproach, he hath no power over me. Ana: m had none over Saint (Paul properly, Saint @4141 rather, as an Apoflle from H.eaven,..had power over Anemia. Yeti/F he be a Ruler of the People, fpare him for the peoples fake. They that in forraign Cotuntreys raile upon Chriflian Princes beyond the Seas, may do well to think upon this, as occafion reeves. ' R And think alfo,i f the Prince would be for— born for the pe0ples fake, then the more peo- ple he hath under him the more tube for. born : And the more removed from the peo- ple finch a Prince is, as being ofnobler Birth, more excellent Education, Knowledge, Ex- erience,Wifdome, and Vertue , the more like God fuch a Ruler is, and the lefs like one of the people , {0 much the lefle to be tradur ced and reproched by any ofthe people: yea, were the Reprochers Rulers themfelves, they may - ~~3I / ('1 1 )x . may not {peak evil of their Fellow—Ruler; much lelTe of their Soveraign Killer; for none of any fort. may be. allowed to revile him. That will appear by the next point of our Divifionflig, Who are the parties rellrai - ned‘that may not {Peak evil. Non maledices tut, (faith the Text) 'I/mu flmlt not flzetzk evil; that is, neither thou rPaul, nor any man. Noc any man firl’t: For this Non maledice: is but abranch of Non dices fol/ism teflimoninm, which is the ninth Commandement, 772014. flialt not bearfalfe thejfizand that is as univer- fal as Thou [halt not kill,or fleal, or commit adnls tery. So thou {halmot deprave. or dilhonour thy Ruler by bad language; whoever thou art. Non reliquit bominem, faith-the I 05. @film) 1:131. m3 {peaking ofthem‘that medled with the .Patri- l. archs, He fufiered no man to doe them wrong, (9‘6. He will fufl‘er no man to fpeak wrong nei- ‘ther of tho-[e that fuceeed the Patriarchs. Touch not mine Anoynted 'in that place binds up M). m. all hands. And Non maledices ’Principi, in this '-" place, tleth up all tongues. ml: mittet manum, fai-th'David, 1 Sanmo. 9. leocanflretcbfortl? I)“. hand again]? the Lord’s anoynted, and be Cgm'ltlej]?! .3 fink mittet linguam is as true alfo here, Who can . - put. ( 1‘2.)- , "Putforth'hio' tongue againflfupremednthority,an'd‘ not ,1” guilt). ofviolating the: precepthon maledicesggst. ~ Nat any, be he never [0 holy in the eyes of -multitudes, much lefs they that are holy in ' their own eyes onely. P.recife, fanétified, illuminated brethren , fo highly in favour with Heaven (as themfelves imagine) that . they have a priviledge to eenfure every body elfe, as if they, .forfooth , were the .onely Saints Pointed out in that fpiritual .man, 1 Cor.z,15, who judged? all things, but he him/effl- jndcged of no man. Not any of there, how Pure loever in their own light, are warranted to cenfure their equals, much lefle their betters. I’m-4‘“- Speak not evil one of another, brethren, is .S.]ames Rom... his precept to all men ; and, Who art than that judge/Z another man’s ferWnt? Saint @aul’s de« mand to any man. And if“ thou may’fl not judge anOther man’s fervant, thou -may’fl n0t judge thine own Mafler, I am fure, nor {p evil of that fupreme Power which God hath ordained to judge thee. Take heed : Let‘eve, Romu.‘ ry foul he/uhjeft to the higherpowers, will infer, ”Lem her} tongue hefuhjefl al/o. Was there any degree of men permitted to {peak evil againl’c Mq/es ? nay, from the high- ' elt . . _ (' 1;“) ell to the lowei’c, God tellzified his indignati— on againft any that dared it. Not flames and faghlare: , thoie- counter-working Sorcerers, but for their foul tongues were Plagued with .foul batches, Exod.9. I 1 . not‘Corala, a Levite, nor Datban anddbiram, Princes of the Con: gregation, but-as they miflead Others by-their example, {0 were themfelves made examples Numb.- “-3’3 by no common judgements. Not any of the people, were their complaints never fo ur- gent,- not thofe that lacked water at the wil- Exowm. dernefs ofSin, nor thofe that luPted forFlefh at Numb. n.3,; IQbrotb [Jattaavab’ nor thofe that complained Numb. “.3, of their way at Taberab; not any ofthefe,were they few or many, efcaped judgement: no, no: all the many, wall the Congregation ga- thered astone man agairiff bees and Aaron, de- N‘m‘b' "3°: ceived by the timorous fpies, Num. 1 4.2. but did their penance for it in Peflilence, in Fire, in the Rings of Serpents, --in {fundry kinds of death, till they were all confumed,even more then 6ooooo. men, excepting onely Caleb and joflmab. To omit thofe that murmured upon Numb. 14.30.- the dei’cruétion ofCorab (who re plague found no flop but the atonement of Aaron; ) n0t Aaron himfelf, though ch:3 brOther of MWS’mummz M- noc Numb. 16.;0‘. ’ 13.24.! t. 1 51m. 33.". I Sam.lg.;. 1 Sam. 15,3], ' ‘Sam.l6.1. 3 ¢ Sandal. A35 19.16. Iohn3.’o. 614‘) « not: Mirim, though his filler, might be 31;. lowed {amuch as to whifper againl’rMé/Z’s, but flraight a cloud ,a ferrour, and a kindling ¥ of the Lord’s anger. Num.1 2.8. How is it,tba~t ye were not afraid Ira/peak agairyl myfervcmt Mylar? ' So true is that onacb.z,8. He that toucbetbyou, [ Mac/)etbtbe apple ofmine eye. God Will not cn-. dure a whifpcr, nor a muttering,. nor the breath of an unfavoury mock to come near his Anointed. ‘ Now ifnot the highcfigif noc Datban, nor Coral), nor Miriam, nor Aaron, may open their lips againfl Mojes; how much lelTe the fonof 3’ 'Slxlomitb, one of the meanellof the people ? Ifncithcr Nalml , nor flclyitopbel, nor Abjdlom may [peak cvil ofDavidshow much lclle "L Ski; "m' aBenjamite,or *Sbeba the [on of Bicbri ?‘ How ill befits it to hear the. work revile the be&? bale Tberfitc: to rail upon royal A34; memnon? Demetri»: the Silver-fmith to mut~ ter againll venerable ‘Paul ? ’Diotrep/m, a prag— matical Sophifler,to prate againlt Saint 701m ? Ignorance to deprave Learning? Rudcnelle Experience? Youth to cenfure Age? illite. rate Idiots to teach reverend Prelates ? the off-{coming of the Rabble, the fcumme of ' the (r5) theROut,’ to belch-againfl God’s Anointed; the Head of the Princes of the Tribes of Ijm- ~el ? Afi'ob dolor! aQ\ui5 talia fandb temperet a‘laaya mix? What eyes can holdWater 2 what cares- -endure the hearing ? " Intolerable this Abufe , doubtleffe; but' efpecially intolerable in two forts of'menfile Worl’c and the bell: The vvorf’tJ in regard of their meanneffe, provoking indignation 5 and the belt, in regard of their eminence, eaii. 1y gaining belief. In the former fort it argu- eth defperate Prefiimption; in the latter fort Envie and Malicefiding with Ambition. = For Sbimei to reproch David brings certain .x Klan-”4:; vengeance on Sbimei, be flaw}! never (0 mer- ciful : For Achitopbel to whifper againfl his Soveraign, brings unavoidable ruine Upon“ Acbitopbcl, and upon Ala/atom .mifsledi by hiS‘aSam: ”£1.33: Councel, be David never fo lowdriven, ” s‘“‘-""" Now though great the {in of both, yet grew ter Acbitopbel’s , as one able to doe more mil?- chief; one to whom more credit is given ;' one more obliged,and in his Mai’cer’s bofom, able by revealing his fecrets more to weaken him, and by his wifdom to manage armies againfbhitnfofilcr indchitopbel then in Sbimei. C 2 And ”2.1.41.9. ‘1 Kings 1.7. a Saintly. 1 King: “.11.- Dang”. a 'whé they. can Ihew powemoédifoover Secnets, ‘ ( '1 6 )5 , a . And {0 it is in allCourtiers oftheKing’sFamily; -. in whom is fulfilled,T/9e man that did eat of my» bread bath lifted up bis keel again/l me. And fouler. yet,ifAbiatlmr {hould fall off and lide with the. defpifers of’David in his old A age, drawing a ‘ {caudal on the Prief’choodto b00t,~ and {edu- cing numbers under colour of Religion. ‘Cer. tainly let bold Levites, the ions of Thunder, that love to make the Pulpit‘a School of Re... bellion,pretend whaE they will, no warrant. have they from Heaven to traduce the Lord’s Anointed. And To much greater is their. crime, by how much more it; concerns them todiiTwade all men fromj‘fuch things. It is. , no; the example of N zt/mn reproving Enid, nor ofEIia/s threatning A1241), nor of Daniel ter- rifying Belflmzaax, will bear them. out : na Y’- as Nathan did,to doe M‘iraclesfilelialgto fore- tell, thin s.to,come,as Danieljthen let them be bold wit Princes, assthey were. Meanwhile, lookherc upon 5.- ’Paul; 8.43mi, that had. greater Commifsion then they can Pretend any,that could doe as much asEliagor Daniel, yet here acknowledging he Went too far againfldzwzw. The cafe is worth infifiing on . - ' ("17) . on a little, and-the order-ofourDivifion now leads us to it. . . » None may {peak evil ofRulers,no, though _ hebe S. (Paul. . Why? Did not 3. (Paul {Peak evil? Was nor his, anfwer to Ananicw' a plain Curie, withaContumelic to b00t ? God. flmll [mite thee: Is noc thataCurle? Thou Iwbited, 71ml] : - Is no: that .a Contumelie? The {fan- ders by thonght it fo, who preleiitly took up. the Apofllc , Revilefl thou God’s Hg]; Triefl? And we do nor hear 3.934141 denying that he reviled, but rather that he knew Whom he re‘. viled; Inn/2,,not,wbretbren,tbat be was the H35 (Put/Z.- So an ofl‘ence if it were in him, it was for lack ofknowledge; as he faith elfewhere ofhis perfecution of the Church, I obtained mercy, becaufeI did it guaranty, r Tim.1.1.;. But then, may Ignorance exeufe tin-fuch a cafe ? 'or can it be thoughtindeed, that Saint, @aul was ignorant, , {o as noe to know the : High PriePt? -S. @aul, that was bred at the * feet of; Gamaliel, expertin‘all Laws. and Cw. {tomes among the Jews,he to befuch a [tran- gCt to his own Nation, as nor to know WhO- , ruled-the Synagogue,a Yes : ”I‘is likely (faith Calvin) the Apofllc knew-what the Jewscal: (18') led Arzaniaa: But beeauft: the High-Prief’c-- hood of Aaron was now expired, ’twas void, and relied in Chrif’c, therefore S.‘Paul an- fwers like one that knew not Amniws, nor his Authority,intimating him but ate-private man. . And therefore no fueh peril in reviling"6h3‘ who was now no Ruler of the people. i ' ' But this had beena worfe fcorn then the orher : and had Sfl’aul difeovered any fuch meaning, he had much more incenfed the ‘ fianders by,whom now he pacificd3and there- fore, in likelihood, carried not himfelf as one that meant to bereave Ananiaa of any honour, but to exeu fe himfelf rather in nor: difcerning his honour : he appeared, therefore, as one repenring and craving pardonsas if he fhould fay, Had I known him to be the High Prieflz, I wouldhave known my duty better, and gi- ven him no fuch language. ‘ ' ' ExcufeS. 73ml, therefore, as one trulyig- norant who Ananiw: was : nor marvel if he were ignorant of him by face, though hap. ly nm by name. For 5. 73cm! had now been many years abfent from 'ferufalem, and this meeting was n0t in the Synagogue, where he might difiinguifh the High Priefi by hiS§f~ er s “(19) der offitting,but in theCafll.e,where the chief“ Captain kept his Garrifon; and in likeli~ hood,.'the Jewilh Rabbines fl'ood nor upon formalities there; So the high Priefl: by his fitting Sfl’aul. might not know. But)! Pray, how could he chufe but know him robe one . of his Judges nOtWithl’candingv? One of his Judgeshe himfelf confelEth him : For, Sits, tefl thou here to judge me according to Law, and com; mandefl the to be jinitten contrary to the La)» .9“ ‘How is this then? May a Judge on the Bench be reviled, and nota High Priefi? whereas the Law faith plainly, Thou/halt not cur/e tbe Gods,that is,the]udges. And we have - concluded neither fupcriour nor inferiour' Magil’trates fubjeé} to or-Jrreviling. Which. way will ye excufe the Apoflle then from tranfgrefsingthe Law? Divers defences ofS. ‘Paul are here ufed by ,- divers: but one of the befiis S. Cer/bflom’s, ‘ _‘ That Saint Q’aul’s anfwer to Awning was nor . meant as Aud‘wgid, but as ”and“. n0t as Revi- ling, buta kind offree fpeaking. To -which . liberty of fpee’ch 5. final was conflrained; for L)fiM the chiefCaptain’s fake, there prefent.“ The day before, when the chief Captain went ‘ about '.-('2o*)' = Amidsabout to {courge himrs. Paul Pleaded' his pri. viledge as a (Roman. Now when the High Prielt commanded fo barely to finite him, {hould he that would n0t take fcourgingac the Romans hands, take'beating fo Patiently at the hand of the Jews, who were under- lings to the Romans , the chief Captain might well have thought him fooliih and {lavifhly abject to the will of the Synagogue. Needful therefore for his credit’s fake, S. @4141 fhould anfwer l’toutly; and fo he doth, dires é’tinghis reproof nm to them that (more him,but tohim that commanded him to be (mitten. Howbeit, fuch a reproof, as though it did not become him toward the High Priel’t, toward an inferiour Judge might be- come him well enough. Sfl’aul therefore being made to know his errour, is no: afha- med to let the fianders by know his igno- rance, and that fuch freedome of fpeech he would not have ufed, had he known the dig- nity of him to whom he fpake, as being not ignorant that it is written in God’s Law, Thou flmlt not flied/t eliil of the rRuler (f fly people. . Divers moral inferences might hence be Ba”, w (' 2‘1‘) gathered, which we have :not timenow to infifl on. As, That though Rulers fOrget their * Duty, we are not to forget our Reverence. 2.7 That toward fupre‘me Magii’trates fu, preme Honour is required. And That free- dom of fpeech, which toward an inferiour‘s Governour were but nappnaia,Tongue-liber- ty 5 coward a Superiourkmay be Aod‘wgh, flat Contumely. 3. That it Will not fuflice to? lay, he‘was no good man, no lawfull Rul’e'r‘ we reviled, when we are judicially convented before him, and the people el’teem him fo. 4. That Scripture-plea will not bear us out. 5; {Paulmight have defended, God flmll [mite thee , from Plal. 3.7.Tbou [mite/i all thine enemies upon-tbe thee/(slime : and, Thou Waited wallfrom Chrii’t’s own refemblance of the Pharifces to M“- wbited fepulcbres, &c. Yet he alledges no Scri- ' pture forContumclySQTaul knows a flronger and a plainer Scripture againPtContumely to Governours , namely, Non maledices Trincipi. 5. That if we have exceeded, through Pal"si«-‘ onor Ignorance, in intemperate {peeches,we {hould be ready to acknowledge our errour, with Ne/cielmm, fratres, I knew not wbatI did. 6. That evil fpeaking, fuch, as feandals the .D , heaj 13.172 Z "wv—Yw—v n- hearers, in audience ofthe very. fame hearers. -\ would be recanted: & That {caudal is enough to make out fpeeches evil, though orherwife in themfelves true & iuRifiable. Burthis tou~ ches upon the nature of evil fptakirrg it felf; and fo leads. us tothe 3‘. general ofour Divi- fion. Having heart} agai—nfl whom evil may nor be fpoken, and. the parties forbidden to. ‘ {peak evil: come we in the next place to’Evil {peaking it Elfithe abufe here" forbitlden, that We may fhew What it is,and= why forbidden». Firfli,Whatit is: Andthough evil {Peak— ing be of many kinds, as Curling, Railing, Slandering, Depraving; yet none are {odi- reétly hereintended as thofe evil fpeakings. which imply the party we {peak lol to be evil. Bicere Trincipem mahmz,’ bacefl' maltditere ’Prina'pi ;( faith omfl’o attenwonkyfivch ”aim .fer our Rulers to be evil, this is Properly. to fp’ealt evil of Rulers. Why, but in ft) layirrg,_perhaps we fly true: And may we not {peak truth ' of our Rulers , affirming them to be as they are? Hath not the Prophet a Woe for them that call evdgood, 0130st ml .> Admit he hath; yet no warrant have we, For all that, to eaflthatevil which is ’ evrl, ””5th "wk-‘2, -. 4-. x“ “er;- , "\41, ~ x; xi}. 7%-}. .4, 4 24;“! ‘m ' ('23) .igvil, unlefs charity lead \us to it. For, LetalltCOM‘M- your tbingslae done with ebaritj (faith the APO" «file» and charity will feldome lead us to fpeak evil of ourNeighbors,-but of our lawful Governors never :Por the-very fcandal of fuc’h {Parking—though it be true, will out~weigh the benefit of knowing .fuch truth. Better it were by far for tho‘fe under authority, fallely to believe and [peak well of thofe in authOri- ty, fo they doe it ignorantly, then to believe or fpeak evil of their Rulers never fo knowj i-ngly. The realbn 'of which appears grounded upon two of the ten Commandments, name- ly, the Fifth and the Sixrh. AHonour t5} Father and thy Mother, firfl; and thy Ruler is a Fa- ther. In reference to his dignity , fpeak no: evil of him, though he deferve it : For a Fa- ther, be he never fo bad, ought net by his own children to be difhonoured. And then, flee no murtber : aye cannOt fpeak evil ofa Ma: ‘giflrate but ye help forward to Sedition2 and Sedition is manifold Murther. But not to fall upon the reafons why no evil fpeaking,till ye have feen whattnote,that evil fpeaking in general is by fome divided in- D 2 to a. Sam.l6.7. Human]. (24,.) I 1 t0 judimtiveandOPtatiw , judicdtiVegflimiing- evil, and Optative, wifhing, evil}- bOth' are in S. (Paul’s anfwcr to Anania/s. Some divideit into evil fpeaking in Pte’leuce ,3 that isfomw mely, as S/gz'mei to flavid,Come fortla-tlaoumanof . bloud: and evil {Peaking in {'abl'ence, as Mriam fpake againl’t Mcfes, that is-‘Detra‘élian. _ The fittel’t divifion lorour purpofer feems drawn from the Text, as it, {lands in the old Law, Exod. 22.2.8. Thou/halt nonrevile the, Gods, nor cwfe the @{uler of £12} people. Where the for: mer Verb ‘7an fignifieth Vilifying , or De; tracking, and-the-latter ma Railing, or-- Cur= ling. Which two feem to pointus to the two Fountains from whence all evil {Peaking proceeds, lug. Wrath, or Envy : Vilifying or Detrae‘ting, the fruitof Envy, Railing-and Curling, of Wrath or Malice.'0ne of thefe [two moves in evil tongues, either Wrath, be; caufe we have received liome evil from our Rulers, or Envy,becaufe we ;think they re.- ceive too much good. And as Envy 18 more frequent then Wrath, fo Detraétion more . abounds then Railing or Curling, To touch upon them in order. Railing” or Contumely feems that which S.‘ fan! is char= ged . €25) ged" with here: his reproching Ananiaa aph Pearsas Proceeding from fudden Wrathin his own vindication. Now from Wrath ' ' are numbred four kinds ofevil fpeaking, viz. Contumely, Maledié‘tion, Whifpering , and Slandering : The two former, Contumely andMalediétion,’ proceeding from Wrath in the heat-ofit, furious at firll kindling,- the two latter, Whifpering and Slandering ,, from Wrath cooled anddigel’ced into Hatred and Malice. . ~. K Contumelyis defined to be- a reproching anyto his face,.by§ words . or deeds diilgtacing his honour,- as the Pharifees to Chrill: , Say Johns-48. we notwell thou art a Samaritane, and ba/Zadgfpil ,2, ' and the Princes ofjudab tojeremie; Moufieakz ICMM. (fl fal/ely , tbeLord our God bat/2 not flat thee; but {Baruch the fanned of Neriab fets they on. No light crime l‘uchi Contumely; for theleai’c degrees of it are heavily fent-enced in the Go: fpel : IWMfO/ball fay £01213; brat/yer, Ram, flml/[ae liable. to a Council; and be t/2atfl7all/ay,T/)oufnoljn danger ofbelhfire. Contumeiy differs from Ma- lediétion, becaufe it may be realas well as verbal; in deed,no lefsthen wordzas the Pfal- mifl'defcribes fome waggingtheir heads at. our =l'fal. £14. I Kings :.4‘. (:6) our Lord’s Pafsion, {homing out their lips; gaping with their mouths ; and’yet that ’was Contumely. Whereas Malediétion .i-s defi- ned t0 beavehement wilhing of'evilwith' words ofimprecationfin the bitterne-ls offoul5 and fo is but in word at moi}, if it go farther then the heart. Befides, Malediétion aims at» the Perfon, but Contumely firikesat hiséHo: nour. And of the two, Contumely is the foulcr crime, as it isable'r to doe more mif- chief: for Malediétion (take away Scandal) cannoc hurt him :much on whom it is be- llowed, if he deferve it nor; inafmuch as Cutfi's caufelefs light upon the head of him that utters them,and wound the party curling more then the party curled. Beth theft, as well Contumely as Maledi- étion, are ten-fold worfe againfl our Superi- ours then againfi: our Equals: infomuch that Sbimei for his contumely againl’t Daniel, was juPtly rewarded with capital punilhment at length: And,’wbq/b reviled: or cmfetb father or mother/ct him die the death, faith the old Law, Exodl x . I 7., But it will be faid, Neither of thefe are much to be charged upon our. times. I ‘ would (1'77 _ would they were nor, and that in. the mall? iwicked manner. A Contumely there isby Libell-ing, as Scihoolmen noce: For thrCC kinds of it there are in all. 1. Contumely by word. in audience of the party reviled, as when the children reproehed Ehflm, fame up .mngs 1:3; thou baldlaead. 2-.Contumelyby foul language in the ears offuch as may carry it to the par.- ty reviled, as when (Rab/bake]: railed upon Ifigekiah in the hearing of the Jewifh Conn- 1. King.:s.zg. fellors. 3. Contumely by Libelling,as when Szmbcdlat fent an open Letter to Nehemiah, taxing him with an intent to be King, Nebem. 6.6. Of the three this. of Libelling is the worlt; kind of contumely in many refpeé’cs :. for it {breads wider, woundsdecper, laflzs longer, {marts forer, and is both Contumely and Detraé‘tion mingled in one. Inafinuch as the Author hides his head,c’tis Detraxfition5 as ,it comes‘to the libelled parties cares, ’tis Contumely: So ’tis allied to Malice and Envy, to Murther and to Theft borh. What {hall be laid to this impudent, yet corner- creeping villany ? this murthering worth and honour, as it were by the H10: of a Pi— Roll in the dark? this Healing the jewel ofa good c w... Etclus;37.3. ' Pfal.69.4.' . . (28') a . goOd name by a hand invifibl’e?butWhat the /wile man faith of a friend turned enemy, (9' wicked imagination .’ Whenre 6412qu than 57110 cover the cart}; with deceit 2 Doubtlels, lflt befo hair . nous to {peakevil of Rulers by. detraétionin ablence, ’tis much worfe to {peak evil to Ru» lers by contumely to their face; and ,Worl‘e yet to write evil of our Rulers, .which is do= ing evil as well as fpeaking, and was {eldom _ Punifhed in any well- governed Monarchy with lefs then Death or Mutilation. ' Nor may we excufe our Times-from the othercrime of Maledié’tion; onely whereas Curling is efleemed a fruit ofiWrath, by Way of Revenge for ”Injury , Experience in {ome of our People {heweth it is Otherwife now and then: they can curfe (gratis, and heap with Malediétions the bdl ofGovernorsyfor no injury at all ever done them; fulfilling that of @jhl.109.5. Thm have they rewardedme evilfiir