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, d... 7The Hifiory of the Divorce of H E N R T VIII

// ~ 1and K A T HA KINE Of ARRAGON.
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With the Defence of Sanders.

Book; of the Hzflory of the Keforrnatzon of Dr Bum}.
IV 1th Dr. Burnett r Anfwer and ’

Joachim le Grand.
1. catzon of him/elf.

EE have not as yet feen a-
, , ny more than the firfl: Part
' ' of this Work, which was
pubhfhed the Fifth of this Month. I

 

know not whether a Man may judge of ‘

the two other Pa1 ts by this, which feems

at firtt but an Abridgement of the tWo '

firft Books of the Hiftory of the Refor-
mation by Dr. Barnet, though the Au—

thor promifes to refute them in the two ,,

following Volumes. «

Firfl‘, ll: .feems that M le Grand fore.-
faw that Men would haVe this Idea of h1s
Work, which is the Reafon he has put
before that Hiftory a preliminary Dif-
courfe, where he endeavours, yet with-
out telling his Def gn to divert the
Reader from having any fuch Thoughts.
He relates at firi’t a Conference that he
had with Dr. Barnett, in the King’ sLi-
brary, in the Prefence of M. Tbe'venot,
and M. Aazoat. The Makers of Dia-
logues frequently introduce two Per-
fons, one of which puts the Queftion,
and the other Anfwers: One 15 the Ma-

I’ter, and the other is the Scholar: Or.

at leaft, they make him morerlearned
that. teaches, than he that propounds

, or knew better 1’30fo

The Refntatz'on of the Two firB/i

  

   

the Difficulties. But 111th Relatmn of ,
this Conference we find qui the con- -¥- ‘
trary. Mr. Barnett, who, accOrdin tof.
the Authors Character, is a Perfon
aquick peircing Wit, laborious, ind? '
tigable, and molt capable to defend, , . .,,
Reformation; whofe Expre’ffibns are""-'*"}~~‘-
always free, bold and full of fire, and,
who fpeaks upon this O‘ccafion with an :.
Eloquence that charms them that hear 3
him: V Yetthis Mr. Barnett leaves the 1
principal Points undetermined, o1 elfe
contents and fnbmits every thing that V,
is oppofed againft him. But M Le
Grand, who pmponna’: Iai: D11?" calmer af—; ,_
ter a pIain humble Manner, ana’ rather a: y
Doubt: than as real Objeé-Iiom, maker :-
indent, greater, dtfflCIQ‘, and at length ,
leaves Mr. Barnett with hardly a Word ,
to fay for hmfelf '
There 15 no Wonder to be made,_. ‘
that fo foon, as M. Le Grar d be.
Agan to write, he lhould 10 fuddainly-
overturn a M an of that l. earning and j -
Reputation asDr Barnett. F01 though I
never any I'M/Di rm are. mine more Canning,
:0 XML and e am we
L7 at f0 anoelaer3 yet,as the Author fays,

533

Jr.

    
  
 

.5;

he never fladied “the Hijiory of England.
He thatromaged all the. molt confide-
rable Ilbraries of. the Kingdom, to
fetch out Regiflzers and authentick Re-
cords and Ads, and Copies of 'Difpatch—
es, Memmrs and other Manufcripts of
thofeti‘mes, out of which to compofe
his Hiltory ; who has printed a Volume
11; F 9110 of thofe fort of Pieces, injuf’ti-
fication of what he fays 5 he to
whom the whole Nation, and the Par-
liament it felf, gave publickTeftimonies
of the Efteem which they had for "his
Work. But the Reafon that M. Le
Grand, alledges for his Adverfary’s Ig-
norance in the Hifiory, is becaufe he
does not refute the ErrOrs which M.
Varillat has committed in feverai Things
_ that concern’d England, in his firfl: Book

of the Hiftory of Herefy; having no!

~. other Defign than to criticize upon the
Nmth, which only relates to the Re-
formation, as appears by the Title, A
Critick npon the Ninth Book of the Hiflo-
1’] of M Varillas, where he [peaks of the
Revelatiom, (Ste. ’

Mr. Barnett and M. V arilia: being-fuch
defeétive Hifiorians in M. Le Grand’s
Opinion, there is no Wonder if he
’ threaten. them, to raifirnp a Third, that
flirt/l anti/e6 them 10/82 a <good Part of the
Repntation which they have gotten. And,
that which confirms his Hopes is this,
becaufe ’tis Plain, That ‘thofi: Authors are
”very Negligent, and that their [a]? Work:
are left valuable than-r their firfla As
for,M.-Varill.zs, fince it could never be
believed that a Hiftorian, fo partial,
could write after a rational manner, I
' never gave my felf the Trouble to Corn-
pare his Works together; and fol
cannot fay whether his Anfwer to his
Adverfaries Critick, be better or worfe

3:

than his Hiftories. But as for Mr. Bar-

nett’s Travels into Italy, I mutt take the .
Liberty to inform the Pub-liek, that M. .

Le Grand, who cites that Book to con-
firm what he writes, made hiS‘Judg—
ments upon the French Verfion, though
Mr. Bnrnet hath declared, That he had
hat too freqnently mifiooh hi5 .(ME‘Zfliflg.
As to the Memoirs which the Author
made ufe of, he faysnothing but what
he has taken out of the Letters and
Difpatches of Francis 1. Henry Vlll. the

Cardinals, Wool/6y and Grandenzont, the -

Bifhops of Anxerres, Mation, Tarher, (9%.
Where we find that M. Le Grand makes
two. Perfons of Cardinal Grandemont
and the Biihop of T arhes, whereas they
were but one and the fame. As for the

Letters and Difpatches,£’§“c. of Henry '

VIII. and Cardinal WoI/an, a great many

of them being in Engliih, as may be
feen in Mr. Burnett’s Colleétion,perhapsg

they might be of little life to our All--
thor; for We are apt to believe that he

did not underfland the Language; as.

well for that by the'Judgment which he
makes of the T rave]: into Italy, ,as by
what Mr. Barnett lhews in) the Letter
which follows this Extract, it, appears
that M. Le Grand never caft his Eyes
upon that Colleétion of Pieces which is

added to the Englilh Edition of the Hi;

ftory of. the RefOrmation of England. V y

‘ Secondly, The Divorce of Henry VIII.
is too well known to make an Extraét
of it. We {hall therefore make fome

Remarks, which will abfolutely unde—P

ceive thofe who may imagine that M.
Le Grandfs Book is an Abitraé‘t of one
part of Mr. Barnett’s. In Ihort, the
Method and Defign of thofe Two Books

is extreamly-different, as well as the.
Memoirs upon whichthey are groun‘d-_

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ed. 1. M. Bnrnet has no other Aim in
Writing the Hiltory of Henry VIII.
than to reprefen‘t how the Proceedings
of that Prince, whofe irregular Con—-
duct he does not undertake to juitify,
levelled the Way to that Reformation
which was made. under his Succeffors:
M. Le Grand makes Henry to be always
in the wrong, as if he had never done
good. 2. M. Le Grand beftows his
Encomiums upon thofe that he thinks
deferve them, though never f0 great
Enemies of the Reformation, as Fi/her,
More and Cardinal Poole. He never
diffembles the Faults of thofe that con—
tributed molt to the Reformation, as
Cromwell, Cranmer, the Duke of Somer-

_ fit, the. becaufe he has obferved by an

infinite Number of Examples out of
facred and ecclefiaftical Hiltory, That

_ God never makes ufe of perfeél; Inftru-
-ments for the ExecutiOn of his Defigns.

M. Le Grand feems to have had very

~ OPPofite Ends. All-thofe that contri—

buted to advance the Reformation are
very ill handled by him in his Hiltory;
where he gives them the honourable
Title‘ of Falfe Prophets, particularly to
Ann Bolen, and Cranmer, whomihe calls
the Falfi: Prelate; and Cromwell, Whom

.he abufes, at Man an ignorant as ever

w’a: in the-World. This Minilter,,Who is
never permitted to juflsify h‘imfelf, is
condemned under pretence of having
exceeded his Mafier’s‘Orders, in grant-
ing PalTports far the Exportation of
Money and Corn. But herefijas the
capital Accufation that was lai’dfto his
Charge. N everth‘elefs tlre‘ Afith‘br all
fures us, That the Impeathn‘ient againfl‘
him wan grounded particularly, ' aponfleveral
Letters that were fennel among'hir Papers,

~1Ph87‘6ifl he fitlQflOIflleged that be heldyri:

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a [al-

C i i 6- if”
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~

crate Correfironolences with the Prince: ‘9
Germany, nnlenown to the K ‘ing. ‘

Now in regard that Hiltory ‘is but a
Texture of Original Letters, and that
every Politician has his particular Re-
marks upbn an Affair which he does
not well underftand, no Wonder that
M. Le Grand reprefents f0 varioufly the
Deligns and Inclinations of thofe who
had the greateft Share in that Negotia-
tion. He fays, That Francis 1. war weary
at [aft of the Capriccio’s of Henry VIII.'
and con/Tented to the definitive S entence,which
condemned him to retake his Wife Mfldt’r
Pain of Excommnnication. N everthelefs
he obferves,~that after that Sentence,
Francis I. fided with . Henry VIII. in all
his Afl’airs with all the Zeal imagina-
ble. That Francis 1. woald not hear the
Propoflal of Clement VII. That that
Pope had promifed before to do for the
King of England all that lay in his Pow.-
er: That the Pope made fiJme Scraple at it,
hat at length gave him his Promife. But
all thef e new Promifes could not make
the Holy Father fOrget thofe that he
had made at the beginning of ' the Pro-.-
cefs to the General of the Cor‘deliert, the
Emperor’s _ Agent. _ Clement himfelf
acknowledged that he had prOmifed that
he would never pronounce Sentence
upon the Divorce, and that he WOuld .
do nothing in that Affair withoutgiw '
ving Charlesl. Notice. If the Church
of Rome be fo excellively tied to Deciw
lions, the Court of Rome, 0n the other,
fide, iisa's little tied to Promifes. ' And; .
therefore wemun confers that; the

I

Complai ‘an'c‘eyéof that Church hoes
fometimjes avery great Way. In t o/e -
Ages, faith our Author, {peaking of
thereth‘atfolloy’yea the Tenth, The 1)::
ftiplinh""toa’ching“ Marriage: War net ‘fir

A 2, Y i fez/ere

grh“——._—va. . U

'wagrg 4; afterwnrdx. King: pl” “WW

their Wine: nponflight oeenfiom, and newer
jonghtfor any Pretenee. Afterward: they
were defirom to. have one, and it ”WM/l5
enfie to find one; heennfe they could not
mnrry with n Kinfwomnn on thisfide the
Seventh Degree: So that Princes that eonld
not nllie themfl’lne: indiflperently, with all
fort: of Per/onsfinding themjelnet nll nnited

' in Blood, and coming to di/Zike their mntoh,‘

proved there nenr nflinit‘y, pat tawny their .

Wine": and took Others. 50 that there were

fame Prince: who hnd Two or Three ane: .

living, and Princejfe: that had Two or Three
Hmhnnds. This wn: prnilifed in the T enth,

Eleventh, Twelfth and Thirteenth Ages 5‘

and in the/e time: of Dnrknefi and [£720.
747266“ it were, thnt the/e Shale: of Cnno-
ni/z‘s and Seholnflicle Divine; became, fit
nnmeronyt. ' _

 

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A Letter to Monfienrj The’veno’t,‘ being a fitll Refittntion of
Mr. Le Grand: Hzfiory of HE N R Y V III’s Die/owing
K A T HA R IN E of Arragon.‘ With 4 plain Vindicne
tion of the [nine 6).! Dr. G. B.;

‘(Ermit me, Sir, befOre'l pay; you
" all thofe marks of . Refpeé‘t
“ which are your due, to alliire
you that I am fo well perfwaded of your
Probity and Sincerity, that mangre the
difference of perfwafion, that is between

  

, us, '.nevertheleis I dare adventure to

fubmit to, your judgment in the Con-
teft,‘ that feems tobe between me and
M. Le Grand, in a matter that has no
{mall relat‘ion'to Religion, Opinions,
and the {peculative Confequenceswhich
Men draw..”from matters of Fac’t, ap—
pear v-ery much different, according to
the different“ Id ea’s which Men have of
the Things: But the matters of Faét
themfelves have but one. Face, and, pree
fent themfelves after the fame'manner
man that feek the Truth; ;,Theref0r‘e'._
in regard that our difpute moves alto-
gether upon matters,“ of Fa&:..""lxam
apt to believe I can hazard, nothing

in taking you for my Arbitrator; .
During our lait Refldence at Peri-e,
having had the Honour to vilit you fe—
veral‘ times, I had time to obferve with
how. much jui’ticeayou made your 'felf
the fubieé‘t, and the efteem , and)
admiration of. all. the World. I was
convinced. of it more particularly by the
Civilities which you heap’d upon me,
and by the pains you took tohbring me
into a Conference with ;M.- Le Grnnd,
in your own and the Prefence ofM. An-
zont. II was the lefs fcrupulous when I
found my felf in a place where I could
expeét nOthing but fair dealing from -a
perfonthat lived in theHoufe of a Man
no lefsiconliderable for his extraordi-
nary Vertues,' than for the great Em~
ployments with which‘he wasentrufted,
and who frequently converfed with the
Learned M. Bnltenn, who as often- vifited
the famous "M. Bnlnze, whofe Sincerity
' , equals

 

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equals his probund Léarning, a thing
rarely to‘be found in our Age: And,
. which was more than all the rei’t, a
Friend of M Theeenot s. This made
me look upon M. Le Grand, Was a perfon
' that had all thofe noble Qualities that
were to be expeé‘ted from a fair Ad—
.verfary.

. ' -. .llhould give you too great a trouble

to recal to your memories all thofe little
,_Things that were upheld in your Pre-
‘fences, andat which you your felves
were fo muCh'diitated, that you con—
fefs’d ingeni‘oully how much you were
a hamed to hear them. You made this
acknowledgment not only to‘ me, after
' M. Le Grand’s departure, but to feveral
,others‘alfo; and youwere fo well fa—
tisfiedi in this, that though what had
been propounded, was not w0rth the
talking of, yet thatl had fully anfwer’d

. , - the Difcourfe, as mean and frivolousas

it was. M. Aazoat defired likewife at
the fame time, that Iwould make no
noife of it, to which requeit I was
readily induced to condelcend : For to
fay the very truth, I did- not find that
my Adver’fary was a fubieélz‘ worthy my
' Triumph, or the pains of boafting in
publick a Vittory over him. And there—
" fore as to what I have deem’d requilite
to-infert of our Difcourfe, among the
Remarks which I have made upon fome
pall‘ages of the HiltOry of M. Varil/at, 'I
have managed M. Le Grand with all the
Circumfpeétion that he could expeé‘t
from me. Though, if in the purfuit of
this Difcourl’e, Ihappen to wound him
more to the quick,he mull; thank himfelf,
. and notlay the blame on any body elfe.
I can eaiily— brook all thofe Reflet‘tions
which he has made upon my Ignorance,
and flm/Iomnt‘f: of Capacity, more parti-

cularly upon What he fays, That I never
fiadt'ed the Htflory or the Laws 'of England.
For thus he exprelles himfelf after- he
had 'beLftowed great Braifes upon me,
and fuch as I never deferved.‘ :Never-
thelefs, by' the , fuddain- change-of this
"Pen, he feems tog-look upon me as a
Perfoniof little worth. But-that fame ,
Thick skull’d, and common Artifice-of ~
fome People to praife thofe whole Re.
putation they have a delign to dei’troy
will never furprize' men of Underftand—
ing; nor" will hainous and dirty re-
proaches pai's among them under the
Covert of a fewgenerous Encomium’s.
I mufl: be contented with that fmall
meafure of Knowledge and Capacity;
which come to myjull: lhare, efpecially ,
now that I have to do with a perfon of
{0— mean a Talent, as M. Le Grand ap-
pears to be by this fame Treatife of his-
I could only wilh that they, who
would Be better info-rm’d of the truth '
of that celebrated Paliage of the Hilto—
ry, which is the Subjeét of oUr Difpute,
would give themfelves thetrouble to
read what Sander: and my felf have
written, .and then perufe the H'iItOry ‘
of M. Le Grand. 1 am affur’d they
will conclude, That there mull: be fome
fault in the Title Page, “where he proe
vmifes the Defence of Sanders , and. the
Refatation of the Two firjz‘ Boohs of m):
Ht’flery. The whole fubftance‘ of
his Work agrees altogether with -
mine, unlefs it be in fome parts,
where he lhews that great Arts: of
his, wherein I yield him willingly" to
out—do me. In all things elfe he fo per-
feé‘tly concurrs with me, that‘I am
tempted-“to believe, He only took his
Pen in hand, to fulfil thofe Offers which
he made me in your Prefence, to fag; ’
, n1 s

--E .5 j

nfiifh‘me Withii"-Mmoir: fuflicient for the
confirmation. "of what I have Wrote
,upon thisSubjeét. True it is, I have
»_ not readany more as yet than the
.Firfl: Part of his Book, nor can .I ima—
argine how. he can inl’cifie Sanders, ,Whom
he has abandon’d during the whOIe
courfeof his Hillary. He forfakes hiin-
inthe. whole Hillary of Jim: of Boloigm’,
and. in all the progreffes of the Story
athat dependsupon it, though it be the
chief Head of Sanders’s Accufation,
~ ' and which he prefiés moft vigoroufly,

‘ '. as being a Nullity in the Title of Queen ,

__,Eliz.abetb, and» cOnfequently an Origi-
nal pretence for Rebellion. He ac-
..knowledges alfo the Decreml flail, nor
does he infiitupon the Carriage of Sr.
'Tbomm Moore. _
mine the Fourfcore Faults of which I
have accus’d Sanders in my Additions,
' you will find that M. Le Grand has con-
«fefl‘ed above Seventy, and confirms
whatI have maintained in oppofition
to him. Which will molt evidently
appear, if his work ihall ever be thought
Lworthy alarger Examination. . e

I fay nothing of his Stile, for that
this Readers without much éon'fidera-
tion’or Iludywill eafily find it to be
athe Stile rather of - an' Advocate ‘ that
pleads a Caufe, than of a perfon difin—
terefted, that cordially and. barely re—
lates matter of Fact. For to argue
with heat and paflion, and reproach
his Adverfaries, are ‘unpardonable faults
in an Hiftorian. Befides that, there is
fomething fo'facred in the very Alhes of
Kings, that they are never to be fpok’n
of but with great Caution :, and if at
any time there be an unavoidable occa-
fion to blame fome of their Actions,
,fofter Termspare to be made ufe of,

In a word, if you exa—'

than thofe of Lye andf prcflare. Add
to this, that the principal Point, and
upon which the whole Queition moves, .

being, Whether the King’s own Caul'e

ought not rather to be judged in E21.
gland, and by his Clergy, than at Rome,
and in the Confiftory 5 that Man can
never be thought to aét conformably
to the 'Gallican Church, who takes
part with the Pope upon this occafion.
It is rather to be wondered at, that
at a time when there is 1'0 little refpeé‘t
given at Verfaille: to the Vatican Thun-
der, and where the ancient CuIlom is
renewed of appealing from the‘ Pope to
the General Council; I fay, it is a
wonder, at fuch a time as this, a Sub-
ject of this nature, fhould not be hand.
led with more freedom and fincerity.
Perhaps this is one of the little Tricks
of-thofe fort of People, which M Tn...
[072 has more frankly defcribed, than I
have a defign to do, who make hide—-
ous portraié‘tures of theAé’tiOns of Henry
VIII. to obferve the glory of thofe of
Lewis the Great.And perhaps our Author
is neither fo great 'a Politician,- nor fo

well knowing in_Af’fai‘rs, as to have

fuch dill'ant profpeé‘ts in his Eyes, 01‘-
elfe this work being his firft Ell-aw,- he
did not Itudy the Point with that Ap~ _.
plication which was requifite, believing
that trouble to no purpofe while he
has to do with a peribn, thatgives no bet-
ter proofs of his Underltanding than my
felfil (hall therefore infift only upon fix of
his principal 'Errors, which are nothing
to the great number of miltakes which
he has committed, and which [could
ealily make appear, had Ithe Liberty
to enlarge my felf in a writing that
mul‘t be inferted into the Univerfizl L21-
bmry. ‘ .

I. He

 

 

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before them.

a may erre—
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. 1'. He calls invqueition the Contents
of the Decretal Bull, which Cardinal
Campaggio brought, upon .this Ground,
That having been only lhewn to the
King and Cardinal Wool/e , no Body
cantell what it was; andi it hadbeen
a definitive Sentence in that matter, the
Legates Commiflion had been at an end,
and. the King would have contracted
his,Second Marriage, as formerly Lewia
the X11. did, without expecting any
other proceedings. - ' ,

,Had Monlieur Le Grand given himfelf
the trouble to read that Bull which I,
have publilhed, he'might have {par’d
himfelf fo many ufelefs Remarks. The

Bull was contriv’d in England and fent-

to Rome, where, though fome few A1-
terations were made, it appeared ne-
verthelefs, by. all the Letters, that were
Written reciprocally from Rome and
England, that the Bull which was given
to Compeggio was in fubltance the fame.
Certain it is, that Bull declared the
King’s Pretences to be juft, gave power
to the Legates, to examine the Truth
of them, and to pronounce Sentence
upon the proofs that fhould be made
For though this Bull
implied a definitive Sentence of the

. ~POpe, upon a fuppofition of the Validi—

ty of the King’s Pretenfions; neverthe-
lefs it left many things for the Legates
to do. They-were to inform them-
felves, 1. Whether the King had not
defired this Marriage himfelf. 2. Whe-
ther it would not occafion a War be-
tween Spain and England, lhould 3 Di-
fpenfation be granted. 3. Whether
this Difpenfation had been annull’d by
the Proteltation which the King made
againll: the Marriage, when he came to

be of Age. V 4. Whether any, of the

Princes, in favour of whom the Difp‘en-z’z
fation was allow’d, Were. Dead betore-
the Marriage was confummated.

It is apparent that that fame Bull
for the diflbl‘ufiéfibf the Marriage bet.
tween'Henry and Catharine, being only
granted upon fuppofition, thatall the
matters in Queltion were as the King
maintained them to be, had. been void
in cafe he could not have'prov’d his
fuggeftions 5 which is the thing that.

. confounds all the Author’s Arguments.

But Imul‘t confefs that M.L’e Grand
has fomething of Reafon on his fide my
what - he fays concerning Rodnlplom,
whom i believed. ta have been Campeg-
gio’s Baa/lard. Be proves out 'of 5230-
nlm, who writes the Life of that Cara...
dinal, that ~R0alalpha5 was his Legitimate-
Son. Sig-calm is a very good Author,
and I acquiefce in his Authority. But
had M. Le Grand call: but his Eyes upon.-
the En ’02 Edition, he would have leer}.
that it as not without futficient Groniza’,
and not out of any defign to blarhsa the "

Reputation of C. Campegglo, . that .I callid-

Rodalplm: Bal’tard ; fince I quote the very. -
Difcourfe wherein he is 1'0 called, which
was Compos’d by Sr. W'z'l’iam Thom,
Secretary to the Privy Council, under
the Title of The Englifl; Pilgrim. ., I had ;.
the misfortune not to have feen the Life ~»
that was written by Sagonim, _.fo-- “that it»:
is only a fault of Omiflion, which the; :1
Author would aggravate intoaa mal-ici;.;..
Ous Invention. And I make this . ,ac~.- .,
knowledgment of my Error, for. mueh's
the more frankly, becaufe itis the only
mil’takeamon‘g all the reft of - which the ..
Aéithor accufes me, ,that is well ground-a
e . ‘ . > -
Il._ M. Le Grand laboursto deftroyfia
the Authority of the: Deeifion'ot- that:
‘ S cabana-a

. fliecontrary.

' [8]

Sorhonn in favour of Henry.” But in re-
gard. this Deciiion was printed the Year
. ollowing, andacknowledged for, true

and real, fince no perfon in thofe times
taxes itof being counterfeited, we have
no reafon now to fufpeét it -, for neither
does CardinaLPoole, who was then at
Para, when. itvwas made, nor any
» other writer ofthe Roman Communion,
tax therKing of Impofture upon that
‘ofccalion. Add to this that the Bifnop
- ofTarhes being continued to follicit in

- Henry’s behalf at the Court of Rome,
‘after he was, made Cardinal, and that
. the King had publickly acknowledged
._ before the Legates, how privy that
..Prelate had been to his Struples cen—
» ceived upon his Marriage, has given
an undeniable Confirmation of this
--,ihatter,.whatever our Author fays to
The fame thing is to be
~-:=faid of the SOTbGflflga for thatnever
having been charged. with fallhood in
.-_the particular oflthis Decifiofifthere
is novqueflion but that. they ,made it.
So that all-3M. Le Grana’s Arguments
‘ can never prove any thing more, than
only that it has occafionedgreat Di—
.fputes, and that Beda was a real pro-
meter ,of Sedition. By the. way we
may obferve that the Ecclefiafticlcs of
France were very ill fatisfied with the
Condut‘t of Francis the Firft, who had
fold, their Liberties'by the Concordate,
of .. which the Univerfity of Paris
- was f0 fenfible, and for that reafon full
of Male-contents. And therefore it
might be perhaps that fo many of the
FrenchClergy werefo ill affected to
Henry‘s Caufe, becaufe they knew that
.f‘rana’a the firl’t f0 pallionately fupport-
ed his Interelts After all, the Author
-....tonfeffes, That he found in the fcrutin y

Fifty three voices for the Divorce, and
Forty two againlbit, and Five, that
were of’Opinion that the matte-r lhould
be referr’d to the Pope. And this is]
fufficien’t to juftifie the printed Decifion,
which only ,fays, That the greatefl:
number of Doctors were for the UL»
vorce, and declared theMarriage'ille-
gal, which may ferve for an Explana-
tion of the words of the Letter of the.
firfl: Prefident, That that fame Declaration
would do the K ing more hart than it would
advance hi5 Affairs; In regard all the
other Univerfities had judged in his
Favour, whereas the Opinion of the
Sorhonn favour’d him only by the plura-
lity of voices. '

III. The Author, who pretends to
publilh an Extraét of the Reafons which
the FaVOurers of Henry alledged la-
gainft his Marriage, has forgot the
Principal, and that which fupported
all the decifions of the Romilh Church;
that is to fay, That the Scripture, explain-
ed by Tradition, is the Rule according to
which all Controvcrfie: are to he determin-
ed: They alledged a perpetual fuccefli-
on of Provincial and general Councils,
of Popes, ,- and the Chief of the Greek
and Latin Fathers; particularly, the
Four molt famous Fathers of the We;
fiern Church, whereas the Imperialifls
had neither Father nor Dot‘tor on their
fide. Neverthelefs the Author fays-no
more, but that the Englilh quoted the
Canons of fome Provincial Councils con-
cerning lncontinencyaz, with certain paf-
fages out of Term/flan, St. Bafil and St.
7670»: about Virginity, and againlt fe-
cond *Nuptials. I am lure the Reader
muft here take notice, That there is
fomething wanting in this Relation
which is more ellential to an honelt Man,

‘ than

"E '9 '3 ‘

«than a great flock of C'npnez’ty. Forthe
Canons of Councils and the Paflages out
of the Fathers which they quoted, fpeak
exprefly of the Degrees of Marriage,
forbidden in Leviticus. He names Three
Popes whofe Letters they produced;
but he palfes' over in fileHCe the Chief, in
reference to England, who was Gregory
the Great. For the Saxons being con-
verted at what time he held the See,
this Pope gaVe exprefs Order to An—
flin the Monk to difannul all Marriages
that had been contraéted with Brothers
Wives. Now England having fubmit-
ted to this Law, upon its firft embracing
Chriftianity , they who defended the
Kings fcruples looked upon this as the
Principal Foundation of ~ his Caufe. So
that if M. Le Grnnd Would have acquired
the Reputation of a fincere Hiltorian, he
ought to have mentioned this Particu-
lar. Moreover he fhould not have paf-
fed over in filence as he does, all that
was alledged againft‘ the Power which
the POpes affume to themfelves of dif—
penling with all Ecclefiai‘tical, and every
the Divine Laws themfelves. Nor ought
he to have forgot that other great Rea-
_ fon urged by the King, that according
to the Canons of the Council of Nice,
the determination of that matter be-
longed Of right to the Englzfl: Chnreb,
and not to the Pope. If the Author be
a True Member of the Gnllicnn C bnrcla,
he ought to grant thefe Maximes; and if
he would be thought a Faithful Hiftori-
an, he, ought not to pafs them over in
filence. But though he do not fet down
all the Kings Reafons, he adds fever-a1
New Re‘afons to the Qpeens pleading,
which her Advocates never dream’d of,
and we do not meet with in any Story or

B

Relation of} that’time. They all .tend to
prove thatfth’eRules touching the de-

grees of Confanguinity have not been al- '

ways obferved in Marriages with the
fame Exaétnefs. But the Church is . go-
verned by Rules and not by Examplest .
As for the Law of Denteronomy which
permitts a Man to Marry his Sitter-in.-
Law, if her Husband “died without Chil-
dren,it has been always confidered in the
Chriitian Church, as an Exception to the
General Rule; fo that in regard it was
only made in favour of the 7mm, and
with reference to their Right of Succefli—
on, it was abolilh’d together with their '
Republick 5 whereas the Laws ofLeniti—
em concerningthis Matter, are to be
look’d upon as Laws that are Moral and
Univerfally received. In a wordif you

will take the pains to compare the Books _
that have been written upon this Subject,

with the Extracts-which M. Le Grand
and myfelf have given of them, you will
prefently find that he writes with no Sin-
cerity at all, who defcends to a Nicety.
For my part I {hall not Envy him the
High Opinion he has of his, fo long as
Men will but acknowledge me to have
writ fincerely and without the Byafs of
Intereft.

IV. Our Author fays that the Parlia‘
ment abolilh’d the Oath which the Bid
{hops {wore to the Pope at the time of
their Confecration ; and form’d another
which they were to fwear to the King.
But this is not that which he calls under-2
fianding to the Bottom, the Laws and
Hiltory of England.- ~ For the Truth was
this. They read in that. Afl'embly the
two oaths which the Bilhops took, the
one tothe Pope, the other to the King ;
and in regard they found them to be

Contradiftory

[1.03

.Contradié‘tory, as b'eing'two oaths of
~- Homage and Fidelity, which could only
be {worn toone Soveraign 5 they abo-
lilh’d that which was made to the
Pope, and let that [land in it’s full vi-
gour which was fworn to the King. I‘
have given an undeniable Example of
their oaths fwornto the'King by the
Eilhops informer Ages, which is to be
feen in an Aft at the head of the Col-
lection of the Pieces that juftifie my
Hillary. - If M. Le Grand had only the
‘ French Tranflation, Where thofe Pieces
are not, he might have confulted the
Efighflo Edition at Mr. Baked/4’1, where
they are all to be feen. He might have
there feen in the Aét which I cite, Car-
' dinal Adrian renounce not only all the
Claufes of the Bulls which were contra-
ry to the Kings Prerogative, or the
J Laws of England; but alfo fwear an
Oath of Fealty to the King, in the fame
. Terms which our Kings have fince con—

i ' tinued to receive them from the Bilhops.

The Oath to the Pope, which is an
Innovation not known till before the
XII. Age, contains befides, fo many
.. large and unlimited Claufes, which
neither accord with the Doctrine of the
Gallican Church, nor with that fub-
million and duty which Prelates owe
their lawful Prince, fince it is appa-
rently an Oath of Homage and Fide-
lity to a Foreign Powera ‘\

. V. Mr. Le Grand labours might and
main, to make Cranmer to be look’d
upon as one of the molt wicked men in
the world. He accufes me for making
him ‘a Gentleman, but I have laid no-
thing of it, though] well knew him, to
be fo; not believing that Quality con-
fiderable enough to be mentioned 1n

the Eulogies due-tothe memory of {'0
great a Perfonage. He cannot believe,

- “ That Cranmer was in Germany when

“ Warham died, nor that he was. named

,“ in his Abfence to be Bilhop of Can-

“ ternary, nor that he {tay3d Seven
“ weeks after he received the News of
“ his Nomination , becaufe he aflifted
“ at the Marriage of the King with
“ Anne Bo/en. He cannot allow what
I fay, “That this Affair went on flowly,
“ lince it was but three Months between
“ September and 7annary before this Pre-
“ late was known to be exalted at Rome.
“ Nor will he be perfwaded, That the
“ Provincial' Synod of Canterbnry pro-
“ nounced any pofitive fentence upon
“ the Marriage of the King. See here
more miftakes than Vari/laa himfelf
could have been guilty of. For in the
Criminal Procefs againft Cranmer which
is Printed, we find that he calls his

judges to witnefs, with what reluétan- \

cy he accepted the Primacy of England ;
and that he did not return out of Ger-
many till Seven Weeks after the King
had fignified to him his Intentions.
Nor did the Bilhops who knew his
Judges, and who. had been Eye—wit-
nefles of his behaviour at that time,
fay any thing to it, as not being able
to contradict what he faid: Twelve
Weeks palfed from the Twenty third

of Angle/f, that Warham died, to the ‘
Fourteenth of November, that the King .

was married, fo that although the
Courrier had {laid Fifteen days by the
way, Cranmer might have delay’d his
departure for Seven Weeks , and yet
have come time enough to be at the
Nuptials of the King. But our Author
to change Five Months into three eX-

‘ eludes

 

 

J.M “‘A A). A

 

I: II] I.

eludes September and ffaaaary out of his
Account, for this only Reafon, That
he found it requilite to retrench them.

As. for the Judgment of the Synod of

Canterbury, the Sentence ofDivorce has
it in exprefs Terms, That the two pro-
vincial Synods of England had decided
the King’s Caufe.
> But M. Le Grand, above all things
makes it a Crime in Cranmer , that he
took an Oath of Obedience to the Pope
when he was confecrated ; and for that
he made a Proteftation, by which he
gave divers Relirié‘tions to the faid
Oath. But he reports all that he fays
concerning this Matter, .upon the Au-
thority of certain pallionate Scriblers,
and quite contrary to the Faith of the
publick Aéts. The Proteltation of the
Archbilhop was read twice before the
Altar, while he wastonfecrating, and
it is clear that he had no deli gn to make
ufe of Equivocals, fince what, he did,
he did in publick, and for that the
Billiops ufually made Proteftations, by
which they renounced all Claufes of
their Bulls which were contrary to the
Kings Prerogative. It feems the Cano—
nifts, accultomed to this doubling Equi-
vocation, had fo much Power over
Cranmer as to encline him to take the
Oath, and reitrain it by a publick Prote-
Itation, made at the'fame time; for that
if he did any thing amil's in fo doing 5 it
was rather a Defeét of Judgment in that
Prelate, than any want of Sincerity.
VI. The Author fays that the King
pardoned Moore and Fijher, the Bufinefs
of the Maid of Kent, and though he
confefs that thefirft ridicules her for
an idle filly Naa in one of his Letters,
yet he .feems not to have feen along

long Letter of Moore’s, which I p‘ublilh-
ed in my iuftifying Pieces belonging to
the Second Volume, where he fpeaks
of the pretended-Revelations of that
religious Wench, more of the mofl her-
rid Impoflares that ever were. As for
Fijher, whatever the Author fays, he
was condemned for favouring that Im-4‘
pollure. To this M. Le Grand adds,
That the Chaacelloar haviag demanded of .
Filher and Moore, what they thoaght of.
the Statute: made in the [aftL Parliament,
they woald make no Aafwer , only they
faid, That being eat of from civil Society,
they minded teething hat their Meditation
apon their Samoar’t Pat/flan, which Aa-
fwer cofl them their ”Lives. Here is a.
Corruption of Hiltory, which I lhall
not call fo bad as it deferves; which is.
fo much the more odious, for that »
writing things as they Were tranfai’téd,
and according to publickAc‘ts, hecould.

'reprefent them after a manner fo fa-

vourable to his own Caufe. Thefe two
great Men were condemned at. firil: by.
virtue of a Pramaaire, which is lofs of:
Goods and perpetual Imprifonmentfior.
having refufed to take ,the Oath con-3
cerning the Succeflion, by reafon of the
Kings Marriage according to an Aft- of
Parliament. After that they were far-.
ther profecuted, becaufe they oppofejd
the. King’s. Supremacy, or his Title of:
the fupreme Head of the En glilh Church:
There is one-thing too in Moore’s Pro-e
cefs which might be fuflicient to make
a Man Guilty of High Treafon, where
he fays,‘ That a Parliament can both
make a King and depofe a King. , a
Now In regard I have confin’d myfelf'
Within thefe Six Heads, 1 {hall go no '
farther; but the abundance of Matter
B a. ‘ makes

makes me thatl baVe much adoto
hold here, I cannot but wonder the
Author has forgot for many important
Things in his Hiltory, and that he
could find in the Colleétion of Letters
printed by Camnzat, whichl never faw,
until he did me the Honour to give them
unto me. He fays nothing-of what the
Pope promifed Cardinal T oarnon, That-
for Forms Sake he fhonld he obliged to
Oh/er‘ve finite Formalitiet of Allion, to the
End he might not jhew him/Elf too partial
to the King of England, in fat/Oar of whom
he war refirloed to do what lay in his Power,
for the Lone of yon, laid the Prelate,
writing to the King of Frante. And'a
little after, I think I am well aflared that
oar Holy Father will comply with yon,
teaching the Reade/i which you have made
him in Behalf of yoarfaid Brother, Henry
‘VIII. In a Letter of the Seventeenth of
:Angn/l 1533.. The fame Cardinal
writes to Frantit I. That the greatejl
Party of the Cardinalr, that were of the
Imperial Fallion , woald have been mad
with the Pope , had he n0t done what he
did, in regard there wad hat little likely-
hood that the King woald fahmit hi: Can/e,
and that the Pope might have flame honori-
rahle Pretente to all- for him, he would
do it with a: goOd a Will a: war pojfihle.
’flnd it may he, adds this Minifler, when
yon meet together ( he {peaks of the In-
terview that was to be at Marfei/les)
there will he foand oat Expedientt. It ap-
pears alfo by another Letter, . that
Franck I. told the Englilh Embaflador,
That the Pope himfelf had eonfe/fi’d that
King Henry’: Can/e wan jajl, and that he
wanted, nothing hat a Proearation. There—
fore it was that when the King was”
cited to, appear at Rome in Perfon, or

bya Proétor," he took little Notice of'
it. That if Carn'were fent beyond the
Mountains in the Quality of an Exea-
fir ,«sit was feen by thofe Mixtures that '
it was not in the Name of the King,
but in the Nation’s Behalf that he went
to make thol'e kind of Excui'es.

This Refufal of Henry being looh’d
upon at Rome as an effeét of Contempt,
which he had of the Holy See, the
Pope promifed him the DiVOrce if he
Would but appear in that City either
in Perfon or by his Proftor, in pur-
fuance of the Allignation which he had-
caufed to be given him, and acknow—
ledge his Authority. Franei: the Firfl:
applauded the King’s Condut‘t in that
Affair, and was (0 far from endeavour-
ing to soppofe his Marriage, that he
ordered his Embaflador to be God-Fa-
ther in hisName to the Child that lhould'
be born in’cafe it were a Son. The.
French Emballador at Rome about that
time wrote alfo feveral Letters to his
Malter’s Court, where he obferves,.
That the Pope was very ready to do what,
was defired in the King of England’5..
behalf, and more if he dar/l or could, hat
that the Emperor: People prefld the 'Ajfair
with fl) mach Importanity, that the half of
the time, His Holine/f, again/l God and
again]? Reafirn, nay, contrary to the Opi-
nion of a good part of the Imperial Caro
dinalt, was eonflrained ahooe half thetime,
to aft at the pleafare of M Dofme
We wanted you there to have pat a {flank
in hit 'Wheel, purfues he, writing to
the Cardinal of Grandemont, There is
no Man that dares tell him the T rath.
And it is as true that this Embaflizdor
who was Bilhop of Anxerrer, faid-alfo
{peaking to the Pope, " That he faw him

‘ fit

 

fo prefled hy the Emperor, his People, and
the greate/t part of the Cardinal's, that he
thought he could do no good hut only hy
Diflimulation. But indeed thefe cunning.
Politicians underflsand 'fo well. how to
change their Stile, according to Oc-
currences, that there’s hardly any truth
to be given to their Letters. The fame
‘ Day that he wrote what we havecited
to the Pope’s Legate, in another Letter
to the Grand Matter he obferves, that
the Pope had told him, that for Four
Years the Bufinejs’ of Henry VIII. had
been in his Hands, that there was nothing
efiiaéted a: yet, that if" he might do what

he would, he would do what we would, and »

fays the Miniiter , This he told me in
fitoh a manner, that if I am not deceived
he thought what he ' fhohe. All thofe Letters

were dated the'i7. of Feb. 1532. But‘

in another of the 13. of yan. following,
he allures that the Pope had told him,
That he wan refolved to referr the whole
Bufinejs’ to a good Time; and that he
clearly underflood, what the Pope meant
by a good T ime. To Which he adds, that
if the Matter had been judged accord...
ing to the Wilhes of the Cardinals,- and‘
the eager lnltances of the Emperor’s
People, the molt ancient and learned
had judged for the King of England.
But that there were but few of that
Company, and the number 9f the other
‘ was f0 great, that by plurality of
voices the Englt'jh would have utterly
loft it. .

M. Le Grand is very nice and tender,
whenhe“ comes to that "Circ’um‘ltance,
that there arriv’d a ourrier from En-
gland to Rome a day or two after Sentence

was giyen; and he omits the hall: in‘

which it was pronounced, as if he knew

[it]

nathin'g of it. Neverthelel's we find”
in the‘fe Mifcellanies, a Letter from
Pomponio Trivulei, dated from Lyontthe,
16. “oprrt'l, where he obferves, that
M. de Paris palling that way upon his:
return from Rome, told him that the:
definitiVe Sentence which the Pope had,
given aga'inl’c the King of England, had
been. precipitated. That it .wasgnot‘
the Pope’s fault that they.” did not tem-g
porize‘longer; that if they had {laid
but Six Days more before they had pro-
nounced it, the King would have fub-
mitted to the Holy See. But that the
Importunity of the Imperalt'flr and the Con—-
flflory was [0 great, that they would not
flay. That the next Day after the'Re-.
folutz'on of England came too late, hat that
then the Confiflory and the Imperalifl: were “
mad, that they fluid no longer. All thefe
pallages plainly fhew, that the Court
of Rome was governed in this Affair,

only by the profpeéts and maximsof'

Policy. And. therefore it is, that ac-
cording to the Principles of the Galilean ~
Church, M. Talon has maintained with

‘fomn‘ch Zeal, upon an occafion of ‘
muchlefs importance, that the King of ‘

England had no reafon to have any -
regard to the Sentences and Thundrings
of that Court. ‘ " ~
If I am extreamly obliged to M. Le
Grand for having made me a prefent of -
fo good a Book, in which he furnilh’d me ~
with {0 many proofs of the molt imporé—
tant Points of my Hiitory, I am no .lefs .,
troubled that he hadfifg little value for
himfelf, as to fupprels them, and: for .
his having forced me, as Imayt.fo-=fay,..

to make ufe of the kindnefs he has done . . a .
me to-his own difadvantage- Butupom

fuch occafions as .thefe, the faying is, ,

.Magie _‘ f ,

Magi: mica wer‘im. And though M.
Le Grandimagines that I am jealous of
my Produth'om, were not the Interefts
of Religion intermixed therewith, pl
could eal‘ily abandon mine. But I will
not now pulh this cenfure any farther 5
neither do I know whether I {hall write
any more upon this Subject, nOt being
able to determine anything in that
matter, till Ihave feen the Three other
parts of this work, and the etfeéts it

[1411‘ A

will produce in the World. I» {hall
conclude with humble requei’c to par-
don the Liberty which ‘I take of ad-

drefling this Letter to you, and that in .

f0 publick a manner, not believing a
man could otherwife f0 properly give
a cenfure upon a printed Book.

‘ I am, Sir, &C. '
Hague, 20. of 7W6. \

FINIa

I}

 

 

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