 TAT E R   

 K A ‘FfomaLGent1emtm of the  _ v -‘
’ Lord;&Ambaﬂ'ador H 0  £3 D}
  e    %Retinue, J t A e
\ To hisFriend in London: I
‘L Dated at FE Z, Nov. t. 169.
Wherein he gives a full Relation of the t
moi’: Remarkable Paﬂages in theirr
Voyage thither , and of the prefent ~
‘; T State of the Countries under the Power of‘
  TAFFALETTA,
‘ Emperour of  0‘ R0 6 C 0;:

 hWith a brief account of the Merchan--A

 

\ % dizifng Commod'iti»es of
5 e As alfo, «
 The Manners and Cuﬁoms of the People there. {
 V  (5 .  h . 5 ‘
 v Pu[2lg'/heal for M1124 ﬁzz; fmzzzm. 7
WA"*m ,e‘LpNDOM   }\
 Printed by W.  for Mofe: Pitt, at the Sign of the Whutet
 H4r;tinAZL§ttle Britain, Anno Dorm I670-1.

 

To  ‘very Lo‘vz°ngiFrz7em1 T.G.
inLONDQN. 

_ Ccording to your earneft Requefi , your
havehere a full Account of the Eﬁate of
this Country , as “ much as I have received
from very good hands. I will; that it may
give you that fatisfaétion that you requeft.
It is certain that all that have Written any

 

  thing of Africa, have fpoken of it as!‘
blind Men of Colours ,' by -guefs, and by hearfay. The

Truth is {o mixed with Fables and Tales , tl=.at—it\is not eaﬁe
to difiinguilh them. This Part of Africa is mucht anged
within thefe two hundred years , and the Names of ces
and People altered -, {'0 that we fhal lofe our labour to con,

fult the ancient Writers,‘ concernilg the eprefent condition a

of this Country. It might give great fatisfaétion tothe
Learned in the Northern Climates , to be informed of 
the Tranfaétions of this unknown World , but that we can
never iexpeft whilﬂ Trading is to much negleéted here , and
Strangers, efpecially Chriftians, do run Io many hazards

when they enter into the Land ; it being one of the Articles
of the Moor: Faith ,‘ that hethatifheds Chriﬁian Blood in

B y their

(2 )
their Ramedam, merits Heaven, and purchafes the Eternal
Favour of GOd_5WlIh:'t'l1lS,.SaCfiﬁC€: So great an invitation
to Cruelty, may juflly ﬂop us, that are not weary of our

Lives, from running too far amonglt them , unlefs it be ,

upon a good account of Trading or Peace , and then none
dares expufe himfelf alone to the Peoples mercy without

  fuﬂicient guards to defend him ; yet] have feen fome French
_Merchants riding abroad without fear, and return fafely: I

conceive they were known to the People , who are fenﬁble
that the acquaintance with forreign Nations, is very necefTa-
ry for their more convenient fublillance.

The few: are to be feen every where in this Country,

‘ they are very ferviceable to the Inhabitants , for they furnilh

them for the molt part with forreign Commodities, and
make thofe things that are neceffary for them. They never
grow rich, but the Mabzxmetan: do accufe them ofifome
Crime, to have a pretence to feize upon their Treafure, as
it happened lately to a few, who was grown a petty Prince 5
he Commanded a Place ﬁrong by Situation and Art, recalled

Darlzinmejlmal, there was but one afcent, and that fo diﬂi- v

cult, that without his leave all the Moor; of Barlmr}; might
have fpent their daies in the Siege of it ; for belidesthat it is
impregnable, it contains fo much ground within the Moun-
tain as might very well nourifl-ta thoufand head of Cattle,
and fupply them with Corn and Fodder. This 7:-whad
won the efleem and favour of the Grandees round about
by his courteous behaviour and good hofpitalit-y ; for it was
his cuftom to invite all the Perfons of Note into-his City,
andthere entertain them very kindly: This dealing made
every one, efpecially the Aralés, to love him, and got him
a- great Name. When Mule] Arcbeid , otherwile called
Taﬁa/ett»4', ﬂung himfelf into the proteftion of the Amzzc,

and that they had all owned him for their Prince, he was alfo”

entertained by this courteous few , and at afmall provoca-
tion he was tnafiacted: Ta]j‘a/arm found‘. one Pointin the
I-awof Mabonaet to julliﬁe the Murder, which was ap-

proved C

,4".

3 . . . . ,_
‘ “*5 ...~:.; :2." -' ...~...-..¢-:...-...:-—. ...._——-4' 

 

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‘ (3) e
proved of, and applauded by the ignorant Multitude. A-
nother-jtm named fofeph Ben-jimon, a very great Trader’,
and one that had Correfpondents in many Places, did run
the fame Fortune. He fupplyed the J1/laor: with many
Commodities , efpecially with Powder and Shot, Guns and

, other ‘Neappons, whichhe conveyed out of Spain by Ftealth.

At lafi his ‘Wealth made him guilty of Death , for hewas
accufed of ‘Adultery, and although common report pro-
nounced him innocent, he loft his Life, and had his Eilate

feized for the Kings life. Thus all the Princes of thefe A

Countries do treat this miferable Nation. When- they
have occaﬁon for Money, they force it from the }em, either

A by right or wrong. (2'a}lm2d; iaslam informed, did enter-

tain fcws in ‘Arzil/4, for no other end but to have fome on
whom he might‘ prey: He raifed a conliderable Sum of
Money from them on this occaﬁon: About thirty or forty
Families of the few: had managed all the Trade of that
part of the Country , and were grown rich ; Ga)’/and con-

fults his C azdir , and asks from this deceitful Oracle, whether

it was lawful to fufier fem, lnﬁdels, to dwell amongfll the
Mufulmanr? He anfwered, That it was not lawful ,‘ but
that if they would not turn Mahommms, he was comman-
ded by the Law of Mabomet to punilh that contempt with
prefent Death. This fad News frighted the fem, efpecially
when they heard that the day was appointed for their Exc-
cution; in the mean whiles they Petition the Sultan , and
make their Peace by offering a large fum of Money , all
they had gathered in many years. This fatisﬁed G.z}laml’s
weak Confcience , concerning the bloody claufe of Maha-

met:.Law , and made him free them from the great danger '
that threatened them. You fee by that what favour Stran- L

gets may expeét from this treacherous People. ..

But before I begin to inform you of my journey from
T angler, and of the Efiate of this Count y, I will relate
unto you fomethingof our Paﬁlage thither. and of thatytae

mous Garrifon: You may ‘know many Particulars from t
e 2 them

  (4 )
them tliatthave dwelt‘ therefome, years ; but from very few
you may learn whatl have obferv’d in that-Place : Some

  In England, and minded, might make it a happy City, A

At our departure from England, we failednear - the «S;l77

A Iﬂands, where we met with a North-weft Wind thatblew _
V€ry_frefh a day anda night; we made fuch Advantage of it,

that in that time we were carried near 80 Leagues from the
Lands End, into the Bay of Bifcaj; a molt dreadful Sea, at
the leaﬂ: breath of —Wind the Waves fwell into Mountains:
‘Iris :1 grievous, thing -to be tofi inthis Sea by a Tempefi :
The danger is able to try the flouteﬂ Courage. Iknow it
by our Paffage over this Place, the windebegan to turn about,
and then we heard that doleful Cry of the Seamen,No Near
That begat in us a longing to fee the pleafant Shore ; but we
were not long before the wind favoured us again, which did
fometimes tofs us till we were come near the Coaft of Parm-
gtfla where we met with‘ thefe Particulars that Icannot 0-
mt: a — ' ‘  

In a lovely calm,Morning, as the Sun began to look up-
on us, and vilitus with his Beams, the Air being clear, and
the Weather moﬂ pleafant, we {pied a Faceof a Riﬁng of”
the Water ;, the Seamen called it a Spout: I. know no other:
Name for it, unlefsl call it the. greatefte Miracle in Nature,
The Figure waslike a Pyramide, lharp atthe top, and large
at the bottom, about the compafs of two or three Acres of A
Ground 5 the Top reach’d,fo high, that I could not well dill‘
cover it : I wondred at the fight, fo did many of therSea=
men, who profefied to have never feen the--like in the Nor-
thern-aPar-ts. r- l«admired’from whence l"uchaaViolenc'c»inNa.-
cure could proceed 5 That the Water lhould leave its own
Element, and afcend up into the Air, and in fuch great quan-
tity,it is not poﬂible without fome moﬁ powerful Agent: I
began to reafon with fome who efteem themfelves of the

more r.._eﬁned.Souls,, and..t'oask.their Judgment ahourit 5 but.
.   s     1,

things I have taken notice of,which if they were well known

In

ts)

Ifound their Anfwers To dull and impertinent, that I quickly;
difcovered their ignorance. We failed within two Leagues
of the Place, and had time to behold it at our leifure; as.

we approached nearer, we found a Current turning that

way, which, ifwe had ventured farther, might have endan-I

gered our Lives ; but the wind being pretty frelh, and all our

Sails open, the Current at fuch a diilance, could not prevail. e

upon us. One thing we took notice of, which. feemll very
wonderful 5 _out of the Pyramid of Waters abouta hun-
dred Yards high, leapt fomething that was Bulky; for it

made a Plunge in the Water, that :tppear’d to us, we imag-in-'
edit to be 9. H111 of a conﬁderable Bignefs, which the vio-
lent Afcent of the water had fent up in the Air,. but then
meeting with.» a leller and a weakermoti7on,_at a diftance-A

from the Sea, it had the power. tofree it felf from that Cap-

tivity from which it was hurried, by calling it fell again into«
the Ocean. This happened feveral times ,r‘whether it was;

the fame Filh, we could not well diftinguilh : C This Relati-

  on may feem very incredible, but: you may have it confirmed‘:
by many that venture to the Indies, who do often meet upon .;.

the Coal’:-of Gain] withfuch Wonders of ‘Nature.

Immediatly after this Ptrange ﬁght , we felt the Wind;
-more violent, and law the Air darken, and ﬁll’d with many:
thteatning Clouds; therefore we prepared fora llorm,which;
‘did quickly overtake us to our great advantage; for it,

tlrave us with fuch violence, that we made ﬁx Leagues in
an hour with our Main Sail fpread: All that day it conti-

nued, and was accompanied with fuch grievous Rain that If

never favv the like infnglami: It was fearful to us that

; had never expofed our Lives to the Mercy of the Liquid E-
lement, efpecially when we felt our {hip crack under us,‘
we and the main Maft bend as aBovv. But the Evening deli-
vered-us from all fear; for then a handfom. Gale oftW.ind
{ucceeded the Tetnpefl, and difperfed all the fearful Clouds»
that did furroundus, and the «fetting Sun took his leave ofus.

'1" he ;

with apleafant countenance. p

g thoufand men in Garrifon.

o C 6 ) e _
The next day we faw afar off a Whale fpouting Water in-'
to the Air very high for its Paﬁime t:e And about forty
Leagues off on this ‘ﬁde of the Southern Cape, we beheld

  tw-o Veffels chaﬁng one another; the Wind being North-

wefl, and they making towards the Land, we could only
difcover their Colours; the one was a T ur/as Man of War,
the other a Hamburger 5 the ‘Twig overtook his Enemy, and-
then began a furious Fight, which lafted about two hours 5
the Guns did thunder on both ﬁdes, to our fatisfaélion that
were not engaged in the Peril: ' We could notdifcover how
they ended their Cmarrel, becaufe theChriflian Ship main-

tained a*runningFight, and made with all Sail towards the-

fhore. ~ t t -

The nextrnoming we had a ﬁght of the Capest; Vizzcmr,‘
otherwife the Southern Cape, a noted place to all flrangers;
we were not long ignorant. ol the Maritime Cuﬁoms of that

Place’, -whichwere ﬁgnified unto us by the Ship-Company‘, s

that demanded their ufual Fees from all that had ’ never been
there before. lle allure you, Sir, the joy that we did feel at
fnchaﬁght, to be fo happily efcaped out of the danger of
the Sea, made us be liberal of our.Purfes, and of our {lrong
Drink; for wewere not fat from Tamgz'er,_our Landing-
Place, which the next day we difcovered, and weremoﬁ
joyfully received by the Governour and Inhabitants, that
caufed the Eleven Guns of the Town to proclaim our Arri-d
val. r   L‘

Before .I go from hence, I will give you a lhort Account

of thisRenow,ned City. It is ﬁtuate upon the Decline of a 1

Hill; the Houfes are fo built , that from rnoibyou have a
pleafant Profpeétinto the Straight: /Mom}; ;' It is, almoﬂ:
triangular, and Ptretches it felf alongthe Sea lhore: A high

Hill overlooks the Town on the North-lide, where a flrong V

Callie is built capacious enough to hold a thoufand or two

Dan Seéaﬂiam King of Portugal
fortiﬁed‘ it ‘with high Baftions of fquare Stone: Over a-

  e gainﬁ tltere is a large Bay , where, fome fay, Coral is to be

found,

.1",

(7)

i found. Round about on the Land-lide feveral li-title Hills do
  {land that are now fortiﬁed with Lines and Forts for fear of

the Enemy; Aiconﬁderable Compafs of Ground is enclio-

r fed -within the outtermoli: Lines. I had the curiolity to take
‘ aview of every partof the Town , and its Dependencies.
‘ An Officer of my Acquaintance, Mr. T. by name, offered
7 thimfelf to fatisﬁe me: We entred ﬁrfl into the Caﬂle,

and there I took notice of many Stones that did hear the

Names of (hole that governed that Province in the time of  

the Roman: ; thefe were ﬁxed in the ‘Wall of   the Governors
Houfe. Out of the Caftle I found an old ruined Building,

- almoft all buried in its own Rubbiﬂi :   eA, little farther, fome

 ancient Graves cut out of the hard Rock, aboutfour foot ,

broad, and nine in length 5 by which I’ difcovered the great

f diminution in the {tature of men, that are nothing near fo‘
« a large and fo high as in primitive times, Nature _ﬂill falls, into
. Decay. The Spaniard: of Andaluzia are the leaft men I
. have ever feen; our Boys of twelve years old are higher. I
. took notice alfo thereby of the great care the Ancients had
—-to preferve their Dead Bodies and Afhes from being difmem-
i bred and difperfed, which doubtlefs did proceed from their
Belief of a Refurreétion. We continued our Walk farther
i into the Fields, and there I had an excellent Profpeét over all
. the Works and Ports built by that great Captain for whom

T angier may ever mourn; I mean the Renowned Earl of

A ,:Tiwot. MyFriend related unto me his unhappy Death, .

and lhewed me belides, the Wood in which he was kill’d in
-;the company of 600 flout men, with rnoftof the Officers
‘of the Garrifon. He was a man of great experience in
“Martial Affairs, having done {'0 good fervice in the F reach
a . Wars, that Mazfarine appointed unto him duringihis Life a
‘yearly Penﬁon. The occaﬁon of his Misfortune was this ;

lie had fent into Portugal for Lime and Materials for t-he i

‘ I Fortiﬁcations :_'I'he Shipsbeing not yet arrived,and. thatPar-
v tyiof Men that came from the Guard, Wanting imployment,

she refolvcd-to make fome executionwith them upon a Wood

that

 8 9

‘that did ferve as a, Retreat unto fome flragling Moors, who

rom thence did kill our Scouts undifcovered. In order to

their going out ,, he difpatches feveral_Run-aways of the

Moors, that lived in the Town, to difcover if any Party was

thereabouts to keep Guard. , They returned with this in- 

L formation, that no Moor; were to be feen round about me

Country, The unfortunate General believes them, yet *he
had a prefentimentof his misfortune, and fpecially”be-

g caufe it was the fame day of the year, that the Enégfjh had

loll ﬁx hundred men,ma{l”acred under their Walls by gzylrzrtci
in perfon. Therefore he was often’heard that morning lsofay,

Remember,Gentl.emen,that this is the Third of ' Ma] 5 he did .

difcover fome kind of apprehenlion , which one Major
Knight!) laboured toovercome, by olfering himfelﬂ to lead

out the Party; but he would not be thought to be lefs

T daring than any man ,

therefore he adventures out, moll-

of his men being fitter to encounter with boughs and {hrubs
than with an Enemy, for they were more armed with
.Ha_tCl1CtS.than with Muskets. He was no fooner advanced

into the Wood , but immediately there appear as many Al.
bag: as Trees.   G'a)vlm:d’s Army of Foot and Horfe it feetns

chad marchedall night from A/ca-wr, and (as fome fay) he

had an intention to concludea Peace. This appearance

flrook fuch a fear into our men, that they minded more how

to fave themfelvesby ﬂight than to ﬁght; but being about

,three miles from Tangier , and many thoufand Horfe in the

Valley, they were all cut off a to three men , who recovered
the Sea, and hid themfelves in Rocks, until hunger
forced them to adventure to 7‘aygt'er again. According. to the
Moors information, fome of our men did fell their livesat
a deer rate; about forty rallied in a place where the Horfe

y «could never come, and began fuch adefperate ﬁght with the
Foot, that ﬁlled the Wood, that as many of their men

ended their daies as of ours. Had Gaylcmd made ufe of

, his Vietory, and allaulted the Town, it had yielded without

reﬁﬂance , the remainder of the Garrifon was Io, aﬂoniﬂacd
at

('9) .
ettthisDefeat. Our Horfe, it fcems, were then Command-
ied by an old Souldicr that was grown rich, and knew how
tofave his own Pate. Therefore they were not concerned
in this ﬁght, but as ﬁanders by and lookers on. Had the
three Troops advanc’d out of the Lines, they might have fa-.
ved .fome of our Men. \

My Friend having ended his Relation, we went‘ from the
fight of this unhappy place, unto Clmr/es Fort, and to the
Decline of a Hill, where he told me that fome of our men,
to the number of three or four encountred with a Troop of
Moors, and took from them their Colours, a Dilhonour

that had never happened to them beforein the f pace oftwen- '

ty years. We continued our walk round the outterrnoft
Lines, and there I took notice of the Wifdom and great Skill

e of my Lord Tiwat in the Art of Fortiﬁcation: Nothing

could be better begun, and were it continued, the City might
{land in deﬁance of any Enemy. We had here very plea-
fant ﬁghts into theneigbouring Valleysihat ‘are all covered
with the natural Tapeftry of E lowers and green Graft ; for
this is the ﬁrft Spring of the Year, the time thatthe dry Land
of Africa yields moﬂ excellent Herbs ﬁt for all ufes. N ow

when the ﬁrft Rains do fall, I took notice of nothing elfe

worthy your knowledge, but of a wild Boar of a {lrange
bignefs, a little after the Rain had wet the ground, he was
turning it up, to feek for efome dry Roots fitfor food ; he
was at fome diftance from us, yet I could judge him to be a-
bout ﬁve or ﬁx foot high; a defperate enemy if angered:

/

ﬁnce I have encountered fome of a leflerﬁze, and found

. them to be full of'iCourage and Strength. VVefaw alfo
fome ruined “falls, the ancient Reliques of 7}mgier’s large  
‘ extent. It reach’d according toall probability, about five

or ﬁx miles in length. - is
My Friend did entertain me with many excellent Relati-
onsof the feveral Affairs and Tranfaﬁions of this Place,
whichl will relerve for our next Meeting
Imuﬁ not forget one Story that he afﬁtmed to be true,
~ r C   and

5

(10)

G and which T had‘ afterwards from other perfons; That in

  t the fatal year of 66, the 1’ortugncf:.c, ‘the Dean and Canons ~

of the Cathedral Church of Tangier began to rejoyce and
to feait their Friends in the Nloneths of March and April,
and being queftioned about this unufual Mirth, they faid it
was becaufe the time was now come when ‘Don Saba/}z'an
King of Portugal, who was reported to have been {lain near
/1[C£Zvﬁ?’; lhould return from his wandring up and down
Af"ric.«t: And that he lhould enter again by the fame Gate

that let him out; it is now ftopt up, at the Eaft end of the~

City joiningto the Sea. This old Tale they did believe fo
affured, that feveral of them began to prepare an Entertain-
ment for his foletnn Reception in their Covent, and did thew
their Booktof Propheﬁesto, conﬁrm this Belief ; but either
thefe ignorant Fools ‘are miﬁaken about the time, or the
good Prince hath forgot his way home again; for he hath
not yet paid them any Viﬁt that I could hear of. T 1

I had the Curioﬁty to fee the Mould in the next place : It
is thirty yards broad at the top, and it is built about 300,
or 350 yards in the Sea: At the end fomegreat Guns,are
plantedtbattconnntanei the Harbour, and that carry over the
Bay. A Story was told to me bythe Serjeant ofthe guard,

that will pleafe you. About the Moneth of April lat’: ina‘

dark night, about Eleven of the Clock, -the Souldiers upon
the Guard heardfuch fearful Outcries and Shouts, that they
were all aitonilhed, for it being at fucha diﬁance from the
Town, and fuch ftriét Guards being kept at all the Avenues.
that none could pafs to them, they could not imagin what
was the matter, until there appear’d unto them a great Gi-
ant, attended by lefier lhapes, fome like Men, others like
Cats, others like Dogs. The Centry asks Who’: there? and
is anfwered with ﬁlence 5 he threatens Death with his Gun ;
but the Appearances remained unmoveable until the Serjeant
with his ‘Guard was .allarrn’d with the Centry’s angry
Speeches; and then they began to dance about, and to otter
them many Atlironts, and to ﬁll the Air with fearful ibrieks
’ T T t and

' and Cries a long while.

a thoughts, and to tell you how the thing l-lands:

‘igoodnefs of the Soil,
Place. If wine were prohibited, fo many of our.Englilh

p make no difficulty to {wallow above a ‘O

(11) . t   o ; .
The next morning all the-Guatrd
protelted before the Governour that it was no lllulion, and
that they had been grievouﬂydillurbed that night ; but none
would credit their Relation, untilthe next night, thatthere
happened fo violent a ﬂorm that 100 yards of the Mould
were carried and walhed away; a thing almoft incredible:
The Waves could never have had that power to deilroy fo
much Work,had they not been afiifted by fome Infernal Spi-

rits ; for the Stones of the Mould are very large 5 belides, I

the upper are linked together with Iron Bars 5 but the Iron

 and all the Art of man was not able to reﬁll- the fury of the

Sea and Wind. That val’: heap of Stones fo well difpofed
and fetled, was toft away, and carried at aconﬁderable di-
fiance. Ileave it to you, Sir, to judge of the true caufe of
the wonder: You’ll give me leave to offer‘ unto you my

cident did a little difcourage the Overfcers of the Mould, but
yet they continue with great refofution to repair the breaches

  that the violence of the Sea hath caufed ; and maugte all the

Infernal Spirits, to build in the middle of the sea a fate
Harbour for our Ships. 1 wilh theifuccefs may at laft an-
fwer their expeftation and endeavours. \ t
Now you may expect my Judgment of that Place, which
Iefend to you freely: It is a moi’: pleafant Seat as is in the
world ; the Air is pure and reﬁned, the Territory good
and fruitful, the.Climate very moderate, neither too hot nor
too cold, by reafon of the continual Brizes or the Eteﬁc
Winds that refrelh the Air in the heat of Summer. S It were
to be delired that fuchinduﬁrious and publick fpitited per-

fons did inhabit there as might make an improvement of the
and" of the Convemencies of the

Nation had not «found here their Graves. Scarce any die
here but by Excefs and Intetuperance 5, tfome having brought
themfelves to that capacity of Drinking, as that they will
uart oi‘ Ftrong

C 2 Nan'tz

This Ac-_ g i

s (an)
Naxtz. Brandy at one time. We fee therefore in the mo&
of them Death-appearing in their faces long before they die.
Their inward parts are burntup with the hot Spirits of their
flrong Liquors. They feern to take pleafure to deftroy them.

A felves.   Ifthisreigningvice and fome others were reﬂrain .-
ed,.I doubt not but that City might ﬂourilh in Englilh han ds,
t as much as it hath done in former Ages; for it is one of the ‘

ancienteft of the world : it was’ ﬁrﬂ built by the Canaauirex

i that ﬂed from the fury of the Children- of lfrul, and. fince
it hath always been the Chief Place of that.Province; the
Seat ofa Pros-Conful when Africa did fubmit. to the Roman.
Power. It hath been feveral'times deitroyed ,in the time of
the Garb: and’ Vdﬂdollf an Earthqttake overthrew. the old
Walls, andtumbled them far into the Sea,.where they re-»
main to this day : ﬁnce bythe .S'.mwms or Arab: this City,
was deflroyed by the.Sword, and all"the Inhabitants mafia-»
cred, becaufe it did reliff the Power of the Ihﬁdels, and by.

2 Sally that was made, had kill’d the Generals Eldeﬂ Son. It
continued next under the Empire of e/Morocco till the

year: 52 3. when the King of Pormgal attetnpted to.win.i

feveral. Places upon the. f/mm Coaft.

T:'hua«  

H’

, , <13;

Hus have I given you an account of the City of Tangier,’ “

which might be made as beneﬁcial to Our King, as any
City of his Dominions, if Men did but mind the Publick

_e good, as much as they do their fordid“ Interefl.

VV/econtinued here fome few days, _ and found a kind En-
tertainment, .el‘pecially from the Oflicers, thatare molt ob-
liging Gentlemen. But as my Lord’s buﬁnefs was not to
pitch his Tents in this place, He difpatcht C’. PK towards the
Emperour, with my (elf, and another, as well to give notice
of His Excellencies arrival, as to procure from him a Pafport,
in order to His Journey to Fez. We fet forward with a Flag
of Truce in Our Hands, and were met by 20 Horfe about
a Mile from the Lines. The Commander came up to us

gﬁrfl, and askt from us our bulinefs-'5 We told him by our

Interpreter, that His Imperial Majefly of Gran Britain had
{ent an Ifmbaflador to the great Emperour of B4-réar] his

Mailer, a Perfon of a very eminent Cﬁality, and of a moffv I

Illuftrious Family, to Treat with him about the Concerns
of both Nations. The Captain fecmed to fufpeft the truth
of what we had laid, and asked if we had any Letters ; We
ihewed him fome, but would not part with them = at that He
was oﬂended, and lead us about a Mile further behind a Hill
where we {aw 6 Tents erefted for Us, and two old Wometl
miferably deformed , with half a dozen Lancers to Guard
them : There was a great Contefi: among them at our ﬁrﬁ
appearance; and I thought they had intended to ufe their
Weapons. As foon as the Commander in Chief, (that was
a -little behind) was come, all was calm again, We laboured to
know the reafon of their conteﬂgand found by our Interpreter,
that they were difputing about a Claufe of the Law of M1-
lmmt I: both maintaining their different Oginionsand Inter-
pretations with much eagernefs. The one was not fatisfyed

to enjoy his own Fancy, but he was refolv’d to impofe it up-y

(I4) The .

‘voniihis Comrade, and make him fubmit unto it by violenc

So general is that madnels amongft Men, not to allow what
Nature Cannot refufe at freedom of Judgment 5 and to be (0
fond ofour Opinions, as to dilturb the Publick Peace, rather
than to fuller them to be lcontradiélted. An uiifufferable Pride
poffefles their minds. Every petty Coxcomb would ereét a

l Soveraignty in the inviﬁble world of our Fancies, and would

fee all‘Men bowing and rendring homage to his Judgement.
l’l warrant you if thofe two naﬁy Moors had but had a little

more breeding , and a little more Authority, they would

have been content to have made a Schiﬁai about Triﬂes, and
to have endangered Mens lives, in the maintainance of their
miliakes. This particular I could not forget, becaufe it re-
lates to our own condition at home. _ ~

As foon as the Commander, whofe Name was Zidi Ad-
J414, was entred into the Tents, and that the Difpute was
over, We faw them draw alide , to confult what lhould be
done with us. The Refolution, as we underﬁood, was, that
we ‘ﬂ10uld remain in cuflody, until one was {em to the new
Town, to have the Order of J"aﬂ‘4lttta'S Lieutenant that was

then there. In the mean while they entertained us with all

civility , and prefented to us their greate-Pt dainties, moilt

Cheefe, Butter as thick of Goats Hairs, as our Englilh clay ’

Morter with Straw; fome muﬁy Bread , and for our defert
we had fome wild Honey , a fad Food to our Englilh Palats.

. It is like our Englilh French Beans, but black. It grows

upon {talks every wherein the Country wild. I never was
in fuch a trouble to eat; for our Interpreter advifed us not to
contemn the Moors ltindnefs by a refufal. We were long
at a Rand, but He began by his Exatnple,¢to lhewus what We
lhould do : I deceived them all, for with a Crult of our
Englilh Bread, that .I pull’d out of my Pocket, Iltept my
Teeth a going. , Our Lodging was anlwerable to our Diet.

Our Bed was the cold Ground, our covering a pitiful Tent, '

Our Bedfellowsﬁinking Moors ; and that which was worfe

. than all this, it rained all Right upon us, (0 that the

/W(et_o’.s',

 

g

 

i not better.

(rs)

Maflqto’:, a venomous Fly did creep under our Ciloaths; to

feek a dry lhelter, and did ﬂing us to fomc purpofe ; I Wilh-

ing my felf again in your good company at the K ing_:- Head

at Chafing-Croj}. lWe were_ afraid that our continuance
lhould be longer in this place; for the Moors difpatches are
but ﬂow. They obferve the Spanilh gravity in their pro-
ceedings with Chriftians. An expreﬂion of Qrazuieur, that

well becomes this miferable People. About 2 a clock in the  
T afternoon the next Day, We had a few Horfe-men came to
P us to be our guides to Sells], for that was the place unto which

we had Order to go. They intended to remain there all
Night,pbecaufe We could not reach Qﬂrzalﬂﬂi that evening,
while it was Day ; But our earncﬁ entreaties prevailed upon

them, for we pretended our bufmefs to require hair, to oblige D

them to fet forwards; which accordingly they did 6 in num-
ber, about 3 a Clock in the afternoon : as it began to be
dusky, we came in light of Arziﬂa, a place fcituate upon the
Sea lhore ina plain Ground; before it there are yet the

Ruines of an old Haven, upon which’ the main Ocean dill  

charges the fury of its Waves. It yields apleafant ﬁght afar
off 5 for the Turrets of the-Wall are Painted with many cu-
rious colours, and many Storks do make their Neils upon

the Battlemcnts. So that it appears to the ignorant Beholder a .

moft pleafant Pallace: but We were never fo deceived,as when
we entred the Gates, and viewed the next day the curiofitics
of the Town, tllc greatcfl was g4]/i.-zmi’S‘ Pallace, \ and the
Caﬂle of Amilla, that hath the name of being firong. The
Pallace is towards the Sea, and like our old Englilh Houfes;
there is a little Court at the entrance embcllilhed with Paint-
ed Tyles of divers colours : at the left hand, alow Gallery
with Rails; before it about to Foot long, and I0 broad ,

A where Gajlmzd layiin State to receive the Embaffadors of P
Forreign Princes. The good Prince was content It feems

with arnean Lodging. the apartments of his Ofﬁcers were
Thatof his Secretaries did look rather like a

§wine-keepers Lodge, than a Dwelling for an Oﬁicer of
s a State.

(16)

State. ; We were here received with more kindnefs than

Pomp. The Governour came to viﬁt us, and {em us from
his own Table , fuch Viétuals as he himfelfdid eat : here

1 metwith {even} Reﬁggiidoff, one Eng/ziﬂv that had been in,
the Country, He informed us of feveral things. ~ Onel.

muff not omit : Lately when Ga]!.md’s Army was routed,

and the Chuck of Angier: Son killll. The City of Term»
would not fubmit to I*af]‘Laletta’s Summons, but feetned Wii-1
ling to endure a Siege, but by his Agents in the Town,He '

did work io effeétually upon the Inhabitants, that they open-
ed their Gates, and yielded themfelves. This good fuccefs
wasfollowed by the redncement of all the Country, which
hath agteat dependency upon the Mart Town. »'Ta_ﬁLa/ctr»
places there a Governout for himfelt, and appoints one of
the City to Rule as our Mayors and Bailiiis. This Gover-.
nour forgetfulof his Benefaétor, entertainqd fome correfporr
dency with them of Argiers, which gave his M after caufe to

fufpeétthat heintended aRevolt. 7'aﬂ'aletm having learnt a
i that by his Spies difperfed in all the Cities of 3.-zrhzrj, and
how he was affedfted, conceal’d~his intentions, and came with e

a ﬂying Party of Horfe towards Tmrzm. The Governour
hearing of his coming, preparesfor his reception, and with
a {mall company goes out about a League from the Town, to
meet—hirSUve1'aign Prince He met him at the head of his
Army,’attended by all his Great Ofiicers: according to his
duty, he alightcd, and kift the Hem of his Garment, a Ce-
remony that Iignihes as much as the kiﬂing our Princes Hands.
cjvrult ; x:’r/bet./i commands him to mount upon his I-iorie;
which being done, He comes clofe to him,and with hiesuitalv, a
defperate Weapon amongft the ﬂA=’oor.r, He cuts o£’t his Head,
takes it by the hindertnoft lock, and there commands all his
Army to pafs by , lhewing and illaking the Head now and
then at fuch as he fufpefted of unconfiancy and tutfaithiulnes.
Thisis a Iign of his great refolution and courage. The light
of thisel-lead did not a little terrify the refi of his Gherzdtfei,
who are become wonderfully faithful tohis Intereﬁ.

, Imtnedittteiy -

 

ursuun  _.,-‘ _.

 

(I7)  

Immediately after this Execution He goes to Tmun; ac:

quaints the People with the Traitors Guilt, and he wan ted
not the applaufes of the fawning Moors, that arefor him. who
hath the greateﬂ Power. '1 ajfaletta places over the City

another Governour, aPerfon moft intimate with Him, be-.
caufe it was a place of great Importance : He hkewife incurs

his difpleafure by fome misfortune, and ended his days foon
after his Predeceffour, in this manner. A Gentleman ac-

companied only by two luﬁy Blacks, comes to Tctmm, and p

asks for the Governour; the People lhew him a little Hill,
where he was gone to take the Air : thither He comes with
all fpeed, and ialutes the Governour, delivering to him fomc
Letters from the Sultan 5 which were received with all ex-
preﬂions of Joy The poor Governour not thinkingthat
his deathwas fo nigh at hand ; He invites theGentleman to

his Houfe , and did not fo much as dream of the Mifchief

prepared for him. All this while the other keeps his defign
fecret, and being entred with the Governour into the Houfe,
and fat down upon Carpets,as the manner of that Country is;
He difcourfed with him about feveral Aﬂairs ; and at the con-
cluﬁon , when he faw his opportunity, He pulls out of his
Pocket a Sentence of Death Signed by Taﬁaletta, which he
bid the Governour read. Thefe unwelcome Lines did {trike
fnch an amazement into his Minds, that he became ~unmove~
able. The other commanded his B/ac/(5, that had been care~
ful to follow him to the Chamber door, to come in, and do
their Ofﬁce. They prefently take the Cord that they had
prepared on purpole; and without delay, fall upon him. The
miferable Governour feeing no remedie, begs on his knees

the favour to be Strangled with the Shalh about his Middle. _

That fatisfaélion was granted unto him n Thus he that was
intimate with his Prince , and that did ﬂatter himfelf in his

Profperity, encledihis“d<iys when he'lea{l fufpeéietl it The

Gentleman goes next intogrhe Streets of the City with his
naked fimczer, and Ca1_1f€§§itT0\b€ Proclaimed by his At-
D A tendants:

i(I8) \

tendants : That the Prince, for juﬁ caufe, had commanded ‘

the Governour to be put todcath ; . and that he was appointed

gin his eﬁeadto Rule in thatCity, and that if any would op-‘

pofe his Reception, that he lhould appear. The Litizen; ap-
proved the Fae}, curfed the dead Governour , and received
thenew withall Honour. An infallible ﬁgn of the Peoples
great Refpedl and Submifﬁon to their Princes Jud gement and
Aétions, That none did dare to fearch into his Proceedings,
or to examine the Juﬂice of his commands. This exprcﬂies

alfo his great conﬁdence and trufl that he repofes upon his

.]‘ourneyed through the

Peoples Ubedience. To difpofe in fuch an abfolute manner
of their Lives and Fortunes; and in fuch a powerful City, to
think to bring to pafs fuch an unexpeéled change by fuch weak
Agents in a moment. He could never have ventured to give
fuch a CommiIﬁon,had he not been affured of the Moor: con-
defcention to his Pleafurc. l I have ﬁnce heard at Fez-, that
there is a Cloud that hangs over this Governour of Tethi.-rm
alfo, which may have the fame eﬂeét upon him, as upon the
former. It is certain, Taﬂaletm removes, deﬁroys, ilrangles,
and banilhes all that he fufpecls in the lead}. a

We remained one Night in Arzilla, and the ne1~:tDayV,-E

y Country called Efou, that is to lay,
the P[awLomd gilt reaches as far as one can difcover from 3'mr~

gist: aygreat number of littlellills do appear, upon which,
and in the Valleys the beﬂ Corn of Affrica doth grow. It “la;
the cuilom of the Moor: in gr/z}!and’S time, to repair thither‘,
from all parts to Plow and Sow , and every one had acer-A
tain Portion of Land appointed for him, which he Manured,
and at the Harvefl he payed only the tenth part to the King,
unto whom all the Land belongs. It is a very fruitful Soil in
that part, and yields a great increafe, efpecidly of Wheat"

In ourjourney this day, which Was the moil pleaf-ant that

we ever had we met with fomefew Tents, and out of one
came forth a little dirty Rogue about 12 years old, curling

us becaufe We were Ci1z_‘ifllanS.5‘ He {poke (0 much .8};-227:1’ .», as

£0.-

~ —-—«-.~....l...,..— ..c—..._ . ’ . . ,-

 

(I9)

to name us Perm Cbuijlimzos, you .Chril‘-‘tian Dogs. This

‘ People is bred up with a prejudice againli us, and taught

from their Cradle to abhor our Religion. It is th-e Divels
policy to keep them thus in their Ignorance, by giving them
in their tender years an inveterate hatred of the Truth, and
its Profeilours, unto which their Reafon might otherwife in:
time them,when they attain to an age of tlilcretion, and un-
deriianding. ' r . X

We arrived that night at Alcazar, Gay.’mad’s unhappy
City,where he was overcome, and where four of his Wives
were taken for the Conqueror’s ufe: it is aneancient City,
{itch as the molt of that Country are ; pitiful for the Build-
ings : It hath afew Streets that are Pcraight as a Line at both
ends» There are Gates joining to the Houfes, I conceive, to
defend them from wild Beaiis 5 for it is not poﬂible to limel-
ter them from Men; the Gates that are at the end of eve-
ry Street are like our good great ‘Barn Doors, {'0
old that they can fcarce hang upon the Hinges. This is
that Famous City where three Kings were ltiil’d in a day, and
the Arch Rebel of lrc~I.m‘.4, Stake/7, created by the Pope,
Earl of Wexfbrd, and Marquils of Leinﬂer, died alio, with
thofe Troops that were intended for the difiurbance of Qu.
E’/iz.ab:tb’s Dominions: But here Divine Iuilice overtook

i them, and prevented their bloody Deligns. We had the

Governours Houfe For our Lodging; for it is the Cuflom in
all thofe Countries to repair to the Houfe of the Chiet Per-

’ fon in the Place, whois prepareclforyour’Entertainment5

having, as all the Eaf‘tern People, a Gueft-Charnber or
Room to keep Strangers dry. Every one brings his own
Provilion with him. There are no public}; Houles of En-
tertainment, or Inns; but he that is a man of any efieem
is bound to receive iirangers. Nowithe Cuiiom ‘is among .p
the Arm’): that live in Tents, That when a Stranger comes,
and delires to be received, T he (lands at a diliance over againii:
tl_1ePrincipal Tent praying to .'1-Iabomer ;The Maiier when__
he fees him, either {’et1dstoL1.')ltini_, or ’g<\ESl1i;l.f€lf to {patch
. _ -2, Im

(20)

if him in for /Hairm"et’s fake, whether he be poor or rich;
according to the cuftom of the Ancient Fathers, who were

thus hofpitable to Paffengers.

We found here very much Civility,when our Bufinefs was
known and divulgedi many perfons of quality Hock’d to-

- gether to bid us welcome 5 forthis Country deﬁresnothing,

more earnellly than to entertain a good correlpondency with

the E :1 glifb, for whom, above all N ations, they have a par. a

ticular kindnefs and a great efteem, bccaufe their Slaves are fo
well treated amongfl us, and becaufe we bow not to Images,
which theyabhor. Amongfi thofe that did viﬁt us while
we were at Supper, a famous Negromancer came in to fee
us, and bid us be of good chear, and that he deiired to lhew
his refpeét to us by a Dance and»Mufick. He had under his
Arm a long Inflrument with a Wire infiead of a String, up»

D on which he plaid mofi dexterouﬂy. He had no fooner be-

gun, but in Pteps an ill {hap’d Rogue as black as the'Devil,
followed by a furious Goat and a Dog; thefe three began

’ the Dance, the Goat and Dog firiking the Ground accord.‘
ing to the found of the Iniirument. . The Sport had been:

pleafant, had we not b:en informed by a Stander.by_thaL
thefe lhapes were not real, but that they were Devils or E.
vil Spirits that did thus appear at his Command. This Fan-

cy did make us delire that thePaf'time would end a little ’

{ooner than otherwife we would have done. The Negro-
mancer perceived it; therefore he concluded; and all thefe

Appearances vanillfd to our Eyes, the Door being then lhur,_ ‘A

leaving fuch a horrible Stench as made us all rife to feek
the open Airto breath; W/hich the Negromancer laboured.
to excufe, telling us we had affronted his Devils, by expref-.
ﬁng a Diﬂike. of their Kindnefs , and therefore we might

g thank our felves if they had left fuch an ill Sent to punilh our.

Contempt: Wetold him by our Interpreter, that we did,

not deﬁre fuch Entertainment, and that the DevilsCompanys.
was never grateful to.us..;- Ibis Aceidentgmade usgfall to our
‘ Prayers, -

(21)  
Prayers, and be more devout than otherwife we lhould have
been : We afterwards inquired what this Fellow was , fome
told us, that his Name was Zidi Lmmd, a man highly e-
Fteemed amongll the Moor: becaufe of his Art in Negro-
mancy, and his Acquaintance with Familiar Spirits, by

which he knows the News of all the world, and foretels ma-
i ny things to the People which they are delirous enough to

know, fo that he is confulted as an Oraclein all urgent oc-
caﬁons.There are many that ﬂudy the Black_Art,but this man

‘ was the moff eminent. As he went from us, he let fall

fume threatning words, which we did not underftand till the
next day, that we all fell from our Horfes and bruifed our
felves. That night we forgot not to fay our Prayers, and
to recommend our felves to Gods «Proteﬁion. And ailoon
as it wasday weideparted towards Sale)’, and that night we

‘ came to the Mountain called lﬂilyel, vs here one Bcieif com.

mands, as being his Inheritance; I lhould be too tedious to
writeevery Accident that happened to us in the way. Our
next Stage was Sarfazr upon the River Séaan, where one of
our Guides, a Spmeziﬂv Renegado lhewed me the Place where
a great Bartel had been fought between Ga}[.<znd and Ham

, del Hag, otherwife called Bemhozdquz; in which he told me.

he did ﬁght fer»6ayland, and was prefent during the En-
counter, The two Princes were at variance for their Limits,

which caufed them to expofe the Lives of t heir Subjeﬁs, and i

to give malty Battels : this that was. foughtupon the Banks
of the River Slam, was a bloudy one, and latal to Beanbag-

 qvm’s Intereﬂ through his own eagernefs ; for he being with .

his Horfe and Foot beyond the River,ventured over to charge
the Enemy 5 Gaylami keeping his men clofe, expeéting his

Coming, at tart he gave fuch a furious Onfet, that the Sam »
to’s men gave back with much lofs; notwithﬁanding the Ge- 
nerals Courage rallies them and brings them on again 5 here?
Viétory was long uncertain; fometimes one Party ﬂies, .
fometimes the other; and had it not been for a freih Supply g

-- ofMcn led on by G4}lan_d’§ feggnd Brother, which came at.

that 

fzz)

that moment, he had loft the Day; but his Number increaf-L

ing with this unexpefted Recruit, and by confequence, his i
mens hearts being thereby ﬁlled with new Courage, he had i
notimuch difiicultyto overcome his Enemies, who had at

their Retreat twoforts of Enemies to ﬁght withal, Ga]-

Zmml’s men, who purlued with all Fury‘ behind, and adeepi
River before ; for the Bridge over which Bam17'0‘!»tqtmtfaV€'(l

\

himfelf was broken down. Many were killed that day,but

more were drowned, in all of the Saént’s men aboutgooeo ,

ﬂout Souldiers; This Succefs of CI:'t'21)"l»,s'/371d caufed many of
the Saints Sttbjeéts to revolt to him, and to let up his Banner
in their feveral jurifdiftionsz So that he became by this

Bartel a molt powerful Prince, very dreadful to his Neigh-

bours. This happened in the Year 1663.

n By the way as we palied, we had a light o/ffeveral Spﬂnt:/hi
Garrifons upon the Sea. lide : '£Jt%7‘626’l3€, where Ga;lm2d’s
Power received a very great check by a handful 0fSpamiazrd.v,

who made fucha‘ brisk Sally ttpon them , that they kil‘l’d‘

a‘ good number of his Men, took Gajlamfs Brother, and
hang’d him up upon their Walls : A bold Aftionl that ren-

dred them odious tothe Country and to Ga:}lazml5 fo that

the never would have any peace with them.

The next is Mﬂmmoret, a noted place in Spain 5 for there

they banilh the malelaétors. As we were over againﬂ:
this Garilon , our Company being advanced a little before,

‘ there happened an Accident that fcar’d me more than it hurt

me , a Horfeman having fpolten with our Guides, who told
him our buﬁnefs, and who we were, game up to me, having
but one Moor with me, and branclilh dhis Lance as he rid
tiltattne 5 Ittnderftoodt not his meaning , and thoughthe
had intended Mifcllief, yet I was afraid to difcover my Fear,

and therefore I Vv'(',}ll‘l(‘lT§(){ put my fell upon a pollute of De-  

fence till I felt his Weapon, but 1 was furpriz’d,; when in
iteatlofa. Blow with his Lance, whichl expeeied, feeing
1 him

(23)

him gallopping at me, he molt dexterouﬂy turn’d the Point

and laid the otherend upon the Pommel of my Saddle; a A A
great expreﬂion of Civility and Kindnefs amongﬁ them, as e

Iqariiderftood by our Interpreter, reiigning by that Aétion,
the Weapon into the hands of him whom they treat in that
manner: Whenlfaw his Intentions were not evil, I (am.
ted him according to our falhion: after a little Difcourfe with
the Moor, he went his way, and I made up to my Com;

pany.
We came through the Country of El/M/pit, a Plain

Ground, (0 named from that Tribe that dwells there, and
within three days we arrived at Sale} : The City {lands very

-stpleafantly; itis divided into UVO*_p3I'tS, a River pafling in

themiddle of the City; It is two Miles about, having 3,
very Pcrong Caﬁle at one end, with afcurvy Harbour for
Ships before it. We were led direétly to the Governours
I-Ioufe, where we met with a kind entertainment, efpecially
C. W. who was well known to the Town, Here we found
many Englifb Slaves, taken in Englifb Bottoms by the Py-
rates of this place, fome were newly brought in, We gave
them all the afiiftance our Purfes or Favour could afiord,
and put them in fome hopes to obtain their Freedom, if my

Lord was fo happy as toobtain a ﬁrm Peace, a joyful news, T

to thofe poor wretches, that had left allhopes of returning
home to their beloved Soil. . ‘T

.1-Iere we remained fome days, viewing the ancient Mo...

7 numents of the Town , thatis polfefisd by the ﬂmbr. And

here we took notice of the miferable condition of the Barég-
riqns. There area great number of them in the Country
roundabout, difperfed up and down. The Arabian: are
their Lords, having Power of Life and Death, over them.
Each Aral: hath his particular Servants that he fends to Till
his Ground, and from him requires fo much Tribtte either:

in Corn or Money every year. Sometimes he rides about
  ’ ”   to

(24)

to view his Territories, and then his Tenants are bound to

‘ provide him with all neceﬂaries : Befides, he takes from
them what he pleafes, and Sells them and their Family, and
_ difpofes the poor Bmbbers as he hits. For as the Arabian:

are entred into the Country by way of Conqueft, they ac-
cordingly behave themfelves there as Conquerors, treating

a the Inhabitants as Slaves and Captives. But at the death of

the laf-t King, they freed themfelves from the Ambiam Ty.’

ranny, and under the Conduét of feveral Princes did fubdue

the Arabian: themfelves. gbz}'lm2d,'Bembo:4q>:bz, and feveral
others , had many fuccefsful Battles with the Arabs, their
'MaIters,for near Twenty years , and becaufe of fome Divi-
fions amongft them, and that their Lawful Prince was ﬂain,
they could not recover their former Eﬂate, until Taﬂa/ezta’s

late Victories over the Bbwbarimzr, Ga]/mid, and the reft.,-

When the Covernour of this place was acquainted with Our
buﬁnefs, He freely gave us a Pafs through his Government,
for he commands muchof the Country round about almofi:
as far as Fez. ; unto which City, We fet forward, next
through a Tribe of the Ambr, called /Moakmr; and by the

way we delired to know the meaning of feveral Pillars and ,

Monuments, Our Guards told us, that they were fet up by the
Army of the /lmbimrr that came from the Eafi, when they
over ran this Country, in memory of fome iignal Battles
given in thofe places againft the Inhabitants -, for as amongﬂ:

the Ifrazclites they give Names to feveral places, according to '

the accidents that happen there. VV e thus paft without any
moleﬁation, being fometimes obliged to fhew ourPafport
to the Chiel"Men. As we were come about I o Leagues on
this Iide of Fez. ; We pal} through a delicate Champaign
Ground, over fruitful for fuchlazy Inhabitants as the Maori.
Inapleafant Valley about 2 Leagues further, We paiied by

above a thoufand.Tents, ldiiiinguilht by their feveral Fami- e

lies, which were feparated at fome convenient diftauce, round
about many thoufand head of Cattle werea feeding. Now
thefe that live In Tents are the Ambx, the People that came

from

‘.V~,,‘ -.,....-.... ..'. ‘Av

  (25) /
from Aruéioz—by the follicitation of the ancient Sultan of
Morocco , who made; ufe of their aﬂiftance to recover his

Dorniniions from an Llfurper, that in his abifence had revolted

from him; ﬁnce they have over-fpread all this Country:
and as their manner is, they live in Tents, and as the Namadli
remove from place to place with all their Subftance. They
are diﬁinguilhed ‘into feveral great Tribes, as the Children

of lfmel, whofeBrethren they are : for they are the Sam.

rem, Ad dram, or Iﬂomaelim, or the Poﬁerity of 1/Iamacl,
_the Son 0 Abraham. Their manner of living may be a very
good Commentary to feveral Paflages of the Old Teftament .
T he Chief Tribes are named H eldozuzfzoella, Uletdefeer, S pmet,
£1/Jolot , Mon/erar , 5/Jreggoz , Hiaimr , Sonia./24 , Drama,
Tbemfno: , He/teela , E/omyad, &C. |

"lhefe are. divided into ,Fa,milies, Governedby the ‘ﬁrﬂ;
born, who hath a ‘jurisdiction over the feveral Members.
They have all a dependencyupon him, arid received from
him their livelihood. He is their Captain in War, their Fa-

ther in Peace, their jndge when any difference arifes in his_

Precinct. Therefore, all their Tents do keep clofe to him;
His Tent is planted Wefterly, being bigger and handfomer
than the rel‘: ; then the others are erefted on both 1-lands, as
a half Moon, open towards the Eaft, afwel that they might
falute the~Riling Sun, for whom they have a great Reverence,
as that they might look towards M echo, the place of Make-
m:t’.s Birth, for which alfo they have a particular Devotion.
In the middle of the Tents, there is one which is appointed
for their Meeting to Prayer. This Barbarous People have
that good lnﬁinft to let apart a place for tl"l€VV02'll]lp ofGod.
Where there are many hundred Tents together, a Prieft alfo,
had in great eﬂeem amongft them,is fet a part for that Service;
unto fome they appoint 1 oo Dollers, to fome more, to others
lefs,according to their Number. His Office is to Read Prayers
§ times a day , unto which he callsthe People, ﬂandingeat
the Door of the Tent with his Alia {Ila Maioomor rgful aka,

a E and

, (26),

and many other cxpreﬂions of Humility and Devotion :i His

'O‘fHce alfo is’ to teachthe Children to Read and sWrite Am-
A lzic/{_i,t,_ and to inftruét them in the Law of Mabamzer. An

excellent Cuﬂom, but ill applyed- By that means, thefc
Trxlotttr, for that is their names, do render themfelves fer-

viceable, and do train up theirChildren in awe and refpetft‘

of their Order, and of Religion, Imprinting in their tender
minds thofe ItI;1pre{Iions,, as may make them for ever faithful

T to‘Mazl:omez, and his Interefl. i That is.the caufe that every

one is {'0 Devout, and thatProphanefs ﬁnds ﬁtch little enter-
tainment amongﬁ them. Itwere to be wilht that our Exglzﬂa
Clergy" would practice the fame Cuftom, and take into‘ their

tuition the- Children of their feveral Parilhes; We might

then hope that the next Generation of Men would beleﬁs

Atheiﬁical and Vitious, and more Devoted to the Service of

God, and their Prince. , Their conﬁant Preaching lhould
not hinder the Catechizing of Youth. a I am {tire that would
‘be the means to expel Ignorance which reigns in Cities, and
Country. ‘It would alfo ‘be the means to fettle their Intereﬂ
in the Kingdom, and to raife their Holy Order in the eﬁeem
and favour of the People, from whence (itis unhappily

. fallen by their own mifcarriages. Beﬁdes, thefeordinary

fort of Prieﬁs , there are others called Elfrm, Itinerary
Ereachers , who are efteemed Learned in the Mabomttan
Law 5 ithefe do upon th—e‘Solemn Days, and when they are
required, afcend up into a Pulpit, and there they. Expound a
Text of the Alconm; It is wonderful to fee the Venetation,

and the refpeét that is paid‘to‘.t—hefe Men. There is nothing too:

precious forthetn, no company too-Hon.o—urable..' They are

elo«oktu,pon as«fovmany,. Gods amongft the. People, and re-

eeivedwith thegr-eateft expreflions of love and kindnefs. I5
did’ often wilh that our Eng/zﬂa Clergy were as happy as

thefe Men. But !~ that may__ be deﬁred, ,, but never expected.
i’n,_our:.day,s.,t '   “

fie*1‘.-'r;':';tl..

L... ...,..'y-‘-- - -- '
/' I
Q .

 

(1.21

. Several other forts ’thereare"; fame called Hagar , or
Sam}: ; they are thofe that have cvifited Mabamet's Tomb.

V Of their other Ordersfev"etal~:havewritten.’ Now the chief

of every Family appointsa Tim/aub, to ‘inllruéthis People,
and Pray for them. If any difference arifes between them,
or any injury be done, they come before Him z His Sentence
is a. Law to them; fo rear is the priviledge of the ﬁrfi born.
They have no Judgesﬁut in Cities 2 Thofe that live in Tents,
do {ubmit to the pleafure of their Chieftain, I faw a Fellow,
that in his anger had llab’d hisfComerade in the Belly, the
Wound was not {'0 Mortal, but he came immediately before
the chief of the Family; who prefently, ordred him to be
{em for, to pay for his Cure, and LO Dollers beﬁdes 5 and
then taking a found Stick, commanded him to lie upon his
Belly ; which was immediately done, then he gave him I o
blowes upon his Breech. The Fellow having reeeiv’d his
Punilht-nent, made a profound Reverence, and feemed web:
as contented as ever, only for his 10 Dollers 5 He delired his

Party to compound with him... Another hadﬁollent a Hen

from a Tbalmla, with fome other triﬂes : the crime being
known, He ‘was {em for , and all the flollen Goods, that

weighed about 20 Pounds, werehung at his Ears,through ’ "

whichwide holes were made, and he condemned to {land
thus at the entry of their Mafqne, or Tent confeerated to
Prayer. .1 have feen many other?-..Punilh.ments,of thelike
nature inﬂiﬁed. Their ordinary is the Bajhnada for {mail

«offences ; ‘ﬁmpaliing for grievous 5 and for :fomet«h.ey.Burn,

they Hang, Strangle, and Poylon. There is another manner

.of Execution veryﬁrange ,: they put 3;aEellow.naked,’ only
fomthing ‘abouthis middle to hide the Privity,‘ which they‘ can u

never abide to behold. They lliacltle his ‘Feet, for that bemay
only go, and then theydetloofe upon him the.Boys and Chil-
d.ren,who with their fl1arpCanes,do makehim bleed to death,
pricking him, till he gives up‘tht‘t Gholi: this'_iis'the moftcruel
death praétifed amongil them. i   I T H 

E2. . ii‘ One

‘(:85

One thing I cannot forget of their Cultoms. , If any
kills another, the next Brother or the next Kinfman is bound
to feek the Murderer out, and7to kill him where ever he meets
him 5 Beﬁdes, theyfwear to maintain their Captains, and to
die in their (ﬁarrels, So that one Company ofTents many
times do fall out with another. For they are difpofed of in
theCountry of f0 many little Villages, making the appear-‘
ance of a Town. e t t ‘ “

Thefe xflmér, by what I have laid, you may perceive
that they hate the Government of Barbary, and love a free
Life. Since the laft Emperour of M orocgcothat was Maflacred
by his Servants, never any hadany rule over them, but they

maintained a kind of an Ari‘/foams} amongft themfelves, until.

Mule; Arfkeid caﬁ himfelf into their Protection, when he
ﬂed from his elder Brother eﬂ/[ale] Mebammed. He be-
haved himfelf fo bravely, and did ingratiate himfelf fo cun-
ningly with them, that they made him ﬁrﬂ their General,
or Great Maukadem. In which Imployment he had won-
derful Succels a ainﬂ the Ball; Arabs : aPeople that cannot
endure the We{§._ After he led them againlt his elder Bro-
ther, and enriched many of them with Plunder and Spoil/.
That made them proceed to this Election, in which he was
fohappy, that all confented to make him their King or Em-
perour. This was his ﬁrﬁ rife after the death ot"his,elcler
Brother,that he took Prifoner, and thenkil.l’d. The chiefof

- V the Kingdom of ‘Taﬁaﬂgta made him alfo their Soveraign .

C a
Prince. He hatha yot ger Brother named Male} Zz'aIa;_r,

'and.that*he might oblige the‘People to a greater obedience,”

and more ﬁdelity, he hath given out, that he is of the Race
of their Prophet Mabamet , and that acording to that Law
none ought to Command in Chief, but one lineally defcend-
ed from Mabomct. This Perfwalion prevails much upon the
fuperllitious Moors, and difables them from relifling or op=~
poﬁng his proceedings , for fear of their Prophet, makes

a them

~t_h}esPoﬁerityo’f lfrqﬂ, until lfmel made Saul their King,

A (29)

them revolt from their former GOV€rl]Ol.Tt‘Si.,' and fubmit to T

his Dominion. Helhath Conquered all G.a}lami’s Country,
and the Territories of Bemhor/xquzz , called Sim Mohamed,
Boulzqmr del Hagen, the King of Morocco, Who had been
an Ufurper. The Kingdom of Sam, the Countries
Where thefe Tribes do dwell, T /Jemf an , Helried/4,

aﬂdoukter, _Hiania, Wid/aéar, E/angczd, Heldauqmlla,

Z£lez'c1em'mD~‘~‘ma,and many more, all making up 4; Tribes,
with the Country of He! lfkéel : All thefe Kingdoms
and Places do acknowledge him for their Prince. Only fome
Petty Lords of the «Craggy Mountains do reli-ft his Power.

Againft thefe he is now marched with his Army, and aswe
  hear, hath reduced fome to Obedience, having executed

great Numbers of them in a cruel manner, to terriﬁe the ref}.
Thefe are Barbari, the ancient Inhabitants of that C ountry,
who have been forced to fubmit to the yoke of the Arabian: ;
yet in thefe latter days they were become Mail ers over them,
and did ufe them very hardly when their lafl Emperour was
kill’d 5 for then they fell into‘ Diviﬁons. A/mid: I jfa, a
great man amongft them , commanded the‘chief or their
Tribes 3 Next Was» Zidi 'Doucl§~ag, with Zidi Boumbedi. All
three had under them S laeirs, Governors of Tribes , that
they had ingaged in their Parties 3 but when they fell out a-
mongﬁ themfelves, Bemlzauqmz that commanded the great

A Country called Half/Mel and Fez, where the Barbarian: do

live, took the advantage, and made War upon the Arabians,

T and reduced them to Obedience, uling them in the fame

manner as they did before his People, as {o many Slaves 5
which made them put themfelves more willingly under one
Head, that by his means they might free themfelves from
the Baréarian Bondage. The Cafe here is much like that of

the Children of Ifrce’; by _7oﬂaua’s means they conquered

Canaan, and did domigeer over the Inhabitants 5 but thofe
of the Seal-Coaft could not be driven out : when therefore
they law at)-opportunit~y, they did revenge themfelves upon

and

(so) i I
and after him Ddﬂidsthﬁﬂ they returned to their formerCom-
mand over theInhabitants&theCo,untry round.Thus'isit with
their Brethren the Arab: 5 they conquered all this Country,
and made the Inhabitants bear the Yoke, but fometimes

thofe thatlive in ﬁrong Places and high Mountains, do revolt ‘

from them, and give them no little dilturbance , as they
have done in thefe late years under feveral great Command-

ers. A memorable Bartel was given about Sale) between,
them, where ten or twelve thou[and~Am£»mm were killed, ’
_ and their Families and Cattel taken by Beméauqom at the Ri-

VCrWz'd1o1mr. r

' Now thefe Améiam do never mingle themfelves with the
Bmélaers, thinking themfelves an abler Generation ofmen;
neither doth one Tribe mix with another: they obferve in
that the Law of Mafes. At the Divilion of the Land, they

. had for every Tribe a parcel of Groundsappointed, in which

they live up and down in their Tents, never going with their
Cartel out of-their own Limits, unlefs fome urgent occalion,
-calls them ; as when they ﬁght: Then all the Tribes join,

and form an Army: over which they eleéta-General., Now 
T every Tribekeeps a Record of all the Members or Perfons

that do belong unto it, and therefore every one is able to give
-an account of his Anceftor; All the Royal Blood pretends
to be come from Hal}, Mabom:t’s Son in Law. The Am-

, Liam acknowledge none other for Prince, but he that is be-

lieved to be thus defcended. T4ﬁf7[€l M or /Vlu/:2} Arﬂceid is
fo , his Anceftorshave long commanded in the Kingdom of

‘ Tajfeler, being entred there with the Conqueﬂ: of‘ that Coun~
try. A . ~ , V

In our Journey to Fez, we met with many thoufand A-

rab: removing with their Subftance from place to place, and

they were the Tribes of ’Z}[m'd:z.in Damn S 414554 , amongft

e whom we lodged one night , and were invited by one of the
S/lair: to Supper: T We had a Table fpread- with: all the W1- R

, riety

t it is to latisﬁe your Curiolity. _
e goes from hence to Tangier, and there my Friend hath pro-
mifed to take care of any thing that Ilhall fend. God keep :-

\#

  (313

riety of that ‘Country, and very good VVater to drink, mix-
‘ed with a fweet Stufimuchlike our Mead. Our Seats were

Carpets, our Table the Ground. When we came at the
Gate of Fee, we were commanded to light off of our
Horfes, becaufe no Chriﬁian is to ride on a Horfe i£11l1£tFCi-
ty. You may expeét an account of this City ; but that I
referve for fome other time, when 1 can write to you. 1 think
this Letter is long enough to weary your Patience. At our
Arrival, we found :Tajftz/arm gone with his Army againfl

s fome B.=:rlmrz'anr in the Kingdom of Sam, beyond Marorca:

And it is reported here that he hathobtained a great Viétory

T overaconfiderable Number of them, and that the reft are

retreated into the Mountains. T We hear that he will be here

' within a few Moneths, and then we hope to have our Dif-

patches: Some are efent to acquaint him with the Honour

l our King hath done him, to fend him aPerfon {o eminent in

our Nation, and of that great Wifdom. In the mean while,
we have here a Civil entertainment, and have liberty to dl-.
Yert our {elves in hunting the Wild Boar with fomePerfons

of Quality in this Place, who love the S‘nort, but make no 7

ufe of the Flelh. I have feen abundance o rare things in this
C_ity ; for it is avery fumptuous one, becaufe of the (mir-
ries of Marble that are here. .

at You fee, Sir, ‘that I have leifute to write a long Letter;
Ifend4't to you by one that

you, and fend usea happy Meeting.

Tour: to Carmmmd,

Fez, N0'vemIf.- 1. 1669.

 

(33)

tnannannaennaneg
teeeeeeeoeeeeeee

tA Brief Account of the Native

Commodities ‘of A F  C A;

 Prim yields mofl excellent things ﬁt for the
“=4 % ufe of man :‘ The \3round— may dilipute in
 " Fruitfulnefs with anypart of Europe: it
' 0,; 1  onlywants Rain to ttmoderate the heat of
  t o ' the Climate; when the lhowers come,eve-‘

'  ry where green Herbs appear anongft the
d’rie{’t Sand. Here are excellent Simples fit for Phylick. It
hath often been obferved that many L reatures when offend-
ed by their Enemy, and wounded, have fought after fomc
of thcfe Herbs that are proper to cure and heal them .; Gods
Providence hath therefore planted that part of the world with
fuch good and healing Roots as might oppofe the Malice,
and prevent the Mifchiefs of Venomous Creatures, whereof
here areagreat number, efpecially in the Land; and in the
Woodsi there are great Numbers of Scorpions as black as a
Coal, Serpents that call themfelves from Trees and furprize
and wound the unwary Paflenger. Here are venomous Afpes,
whole leaﬂ: touch brings prelent death,let it he never fo fmall;
for it conveys its Poifon fecretly into the Veins, through the
leaf} wound, andthat infefts the next bloud ; thus the In-
feflioxtfpreads bydegreesuntil it reaches the heart. Here
are manv Balilislisg a dre.1dlinl Cjreature, that kills by the

’ ~ F infection

 

V‘.,._:-..a- _:_.....-a-q—-s-'v- <- ‘

infection of the’ Ate. , 71" here is alfo another kind that cant‘;
eth a p ‘efent clrineis in the Palate afloon as it hath wounded
rheman, and therefore called by theAncients Dipfat. The
inhabitants {peak of a. new fort of Creature that they fee al.-
moftevery Year 5 for when all the Creatures docome to the
irelh Springs and Fountains, the heat ‘Ca1‘.'i§?S; them to unnar
tural Copulation, and from thefe extraordinary Conjt1nt‘3i—
ons do proceed Monﬁers that are of feveral Species, which
have not the powerto propagate or to increafe. Beyond the

City of Fez. there is a great Wildernels full ofwild Beaftst ‘

and Fowls. The ¢/{rubs do live in all the fruitful places;
but in the Land nothing is to be feen but Mountains ofSand,
that are very dreadful inaflorm of Wind, becaufe it carries
and tranfports them from place to place, andburies the Pall
fenger under the weight ofi-t alive. The Commodities of this.
Countrey are verytmany; it were a happy thing. to have a
Prince there that did command all the Land, and that were
a Lover of Trade; then C¢Z7'0‘ZMl_72.€.I17l_ig.l‘lC‘,g0 fafe from place
to place without fearof robbing : But the nat_nte. ofthe A’-
méu inclines them to thieving and violence 5 f0 thatialthongh
onelhould haveaPafport from the Prince, itisa great ha-
zard, if you be not provided with a good Guard, that you
will be fet upon by thefe Rogues, who are notwithftanding,
in their eﬂeem, the belt Gentlemen, and the nobleﬁ inthe
X/Vorld. The chief Commodities are Hides, theykilias
many Wild Bulls and Cows in the Land, as they of
the En:/11-Indie: do in their Plantations. Belides Goat-
skins , /T/laroem , or Spamrﬂf Leathet‘, _ that Eire
excellent, here is great {lore of H ney; ‘Ck e Bees do
inereafe in the Woods-and Mountains, End as there are ex’ce,l~—
lent Flowers that growin all .theiVallj'eys, fo naturally the.‘

, Country is full of Bees anti'Wax. There is al:’”o'al€ind of
Silk Stufie that is made by the Inhabitants of the Sea-lhore, of
i the Barkcof Trees. Here is alfo Raw Silk; the Countrey

breeds ﬁll:-VVortns in great abundance about Fez.  /ii//oé
rauo. Here are many other things, nfeful to the lite or man.‘

i=;>?

:.

‘V

r _ 4', A aou§an’.-...j2

V
l
l
4

 

(35)

if Peace were eflabliﬂied in the Country, and with our’ Na- ‘

tion, then we might: fetch=~ from G:ainy,i and the Negro’:
Country, the rich commoditie of Gold duff. * -~

‘_ Now every Month fame of the Hlazclqs do adventure to
Fez, with Camels loaden with that ﬁiperﬂuous Earth‘, of

s which they have too much , and carry back other triﬂes that

are efleemed amongft them. Some fay that the Sun hath
hurnt the Sand of the Wildernefsin fome places, and -that it
IS become perfeét Gold. It is certain, that in the Sandy De-
{arts the Black; do gather up Gold 5 This Gold is the bell in C
the 'W’orld , it is as pliable almoﬁ as Paper, and doth not fo
caﬁly confume and waile. e If fome would adventure in the
Land , to feareh out the Country, and bring a juil and a true

, Report, hemight difcover many things which our Traders

mightimprove totheir advantage. In the Wildernefs there
are great {fore of wild Aﬂes, Horfes, Lions, Jaceals, (‘j"c.
Itpis wonderful of this lafl, that fmells a dead Carkafe many
Miles, and towards the Night, they run howling out of their
Dena and Caves in greatnumbers right to the place Where-
lies their Prey. The Lions and Leopards, and other furious
Creatures are prefently awakenedwith the noife, and there-
fore they follow them always. CA Jaccal is a kind of a Fox,
bigger and longer, juﬁ of the fame lhape , but f0r the IIIOH:
part of a blackilh Gray, as high as a good Mafliff Dog.
In the Night they furround the”Tents of the P./{fyttféjj and if
they meet any dil‘-armed, he ferves to fatisfie their hunger ,-
for then fuch acompany do over power him, that he is over-
come, and torn in pieces in a moment. Here are alfo many-
Apes and Baboons. The Apes do dwell in Forrefis and
‘Woods on the tops of Trees: Sometimes they venture down
in the Valleys in Troops, ;6 or‘.7 hundred at a time, and do
a conliderable execution upon the poor Corn. Many are
undone by this {curvy VCl'i1'liI."l. They never ﬁiipeér the come:
ingof any Creature, but prefently fave themfelves by flight
at the leaﬁdiicovery or appearance of Man or Beale. It is

§€ma1'K3bl€, what hath been obferézed of them , that he that
tomes.

" ' **’-._s..n‘:-,..':;__.. r ‘ v. . \

(36) g
tomes ﬁrlltoa Tree, he skips , and feizes upon ‘a bow ,
which he labours to bend to the Ground, then all his com-

panions do follow, and‘run upon the Tree over his, Back that ,

comes firll to the place. Here are many ilrange lnfeéts, and
Birds of dlV€1‘S colours. There is one remarkable, that our

t L rﬁnglifb call a Bee eater; It is Red, Blew,  White, Yellow,

Green, and very handfomely painted with divers colours:
It appears in‘ the Months of ,April, ['44)], frame, jmfy, the
hotteﬁ, Months of the Year, , They purfue the {warms of
Bees, and devour them, and_havea cry much likea Frogg,
They dwell in the Land during the Rains, and come to the

Sea-coalt in bummer <36 Spring. Here are alfo. excellent Roots, -
that are brought from the Eat’: and Well Imim to us, fuch as

do fill the Shops of our Druggi{_ls., W-erea that Country in the
hands of A an ingenious and laborious People 5' it is not tobe

doubted, but that it would furnilh the reil of the World with  

excellent Produélions :But ﬁnce the Conqueli of the Country

by the Am£3.»:, War and Oppreflions have hindred the Inhabi-

tants fromtheimprovement of their Soil.

r ;

% ,Ermtaz.  
Pag. 1. Line 5. for requeﬂ, read expeﬁ‘. p. 4. ’l. 2:. for

A race, r. far. p. 5. 1.1 6. for from r. we p. 7.1. 1 8. for twelve,

r. ﬁxrem, u

FINIS.

RARE

DT
308
.L58

umvsnsmr or mssoum - COLUMBIA
ELL SPC RRE RARE 858901

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