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 This book is due at the LOUIS R. WILSON LIBRARY on the 
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THE " LOIL" LEGISLATURE 
 
 ITS RIDICULOUS DOINGS, AND NONSENSICAL SAYINGS. 
 
 HELD IN MONTGOMERY, JULY AND AUGUST, 1868. 
 
 "YijU-i^^-^ ^'^ 
 
 Mr. Speker — I goes agin dis here bill, kase it mout git up a war 
 twixt de extending races ; darfore, I'se agi^t.— -ffo«. Mr. Lewis. 
 
 agi^t 
 
 
 ^. 
 
 
 MONTGOMERY : 
 
 R. W. OFFUTT <fc CO., PUBLISHERS. 
 
 1868. "■ •" 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF N CAT CHAPEL HILL 
 
 00018068378 
 
 4 
 
IIJJ^JK, 
 
 Entered according to the Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight 
 hundred and eixty-eight, by BENJAMIN H. SCREWS, in the Clerk's offiee of 
 the District Court of the United States, for the Middle District of Alabama. 
 
 ^^*»i' »«.^ 
 
 

 PREFACE. 
 
 Trutli is stranger than fiction. ^'^ 
 
 If Artemus Ward, Simon Suggs, or Bill Arp could have 
 seen the different persons who styled themselves " Mem- 
 bers of the Alabama Legislature," — if those famous au- 
 thors could have witnessed the appearance, ignorance, and 
 depravity of those so-called legislators, they would have 
 smiled at their noted works of fiction. 
 
 But the writer hereof publishes the following pages in 
 no spirit of ridicule — in no imitation spirit — in no partizan 
 spirit, — but solely in justice to the truth of history. 
 

 ^■ii^jh. fliid) Txafj;; : 
 
 
 
 /lOi/t 
 
 to '(;}iY.'tTqol) 
 
 /lO 
 
 i.10 oyua/Ji 
 
 \ . 
 
\ 
 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 The whole country is acquainted with the circumstances 
 which brought about the assembling of this bastard Legis- 
 lature, 'iiihmi oi fiitjfij hliii 
 
 The radical Congress submitted to us an ^i«us docu- 
 ment for our ratification. It was called a Oons^^i<J)n, and 
 its provisions were so outrageous, so ungaUant, so murder- 
 ous, so debasing, that the white men and sensible negroes 
 spurned it with unfeigned horror. The radical Congress 
 and their agents, the carpet-bag *'CIonvention," pledged 
 their sacred honors and the faith of the United States gov- 
 ernment that if this* so-called Constitution was not voted 
 for by a majority of the registered voters of Alabama, it 
 would be considered legally and justly defeated. The elec- 
 tion came, and the "Constitution" was defeated by fourteen 
 thousand majority! 
 
 Hungry carpet-baggers and scallawags, for whom the ne- 
 groes had voted to hold the offices, immediately dispatched 
 _ a loil embassy to the national capital. This loil embassy 
 laid before Thad, Stevens, Beast Butler, and the other lead- 
 ers of the radical wing of Congress, a horrible list of hes, 
 to the effect that " rebels kept the negroes from the poUs — 
 that a flood was prevailing throughout the State during the 
 whole five days of the election — that many loyal people 
 were drowned in their efforts to reach the polls — that some 
 were killed by lightning — that the managers 'played off' 
 on the party, and that a fair count would show a startling 
 amount of fraud perpetrated by bold rebels and recreant 
 managers." 
 
6 
 
 This unfclusliing falsehood was certified to by carpet- 
 bagger B. W. Norris, of Skowhegan, Maine, whose patri- 
 otism and honor were reckoned by the salary and mileage 
 of a congressman ; by carpet-bagger J. C. Keffer, who was 
 seeking the salary attached to the office of Commissioner 
 of Resources ; by carpet-bagger Griffin, a mean, cadaver- 
 ous looking creature, who was aspiring to be the negroes' 
 Senator in Congress ; by scallawag John Hardy, who was 
 in need of the public printing of the bastard Legislature ; 
 and last, but not least, by scallawag Joshua Morse, whom 
 -the people of Choctaw county had honored in other and 
 better days, but who deserted them to be Attorney-General 
 of the nggro government of Alabama. 
 
 The^^JRlows have all received their rewards for their 
 violation of the law of God and man — " thou shalt not lie." 
 The radical Congress issued the edict, "Alabama having 
 complied with the reconstruction laws of Congress, having 
 elected loyal persons to fill the offices, and having fairly 
 ratified the new Constitution, is entitled to representation 
 in Congress and a return to the sitsterhood of States, so 
 soon as the new Legislature assembles and ratifies Article 
 XIV of the United States Constitution." 
 
 The new Governor's proclamation directed that the Legis- 
 lature should meet on the 13th of July. This was an in- - 
 terim of two weeks from the date of the proclamation, and 
 some of the carpet-bag officers were highly iiidignant at 
 the Governor for allowing so much time, fearing that Con- 
 gress would adjourn before the Legislature would meet. 
 Ghawles Buckley, a floating Yankee preacher who used Gov- 
 ernment funds for his private purposes, was very indignant. 
 He approached his Governor in a highly disrespectful and 
 indignant manner, and said : " Sir, you have caused me to 
 be the loser of seven thousand dollars. You have post- 
 poned the meeting of the Legislature ten days longer than 
 is necessary ; Congress will adjourn before I can get to 
 Washington and draw my pay." Buckley only showed that 
 pay, PAY, PAY, was the ruling cause of the patriotism 
 
/ 
 
 y.. 
 
 evinced by the depraved creatures who were so clamorous 
 to be installed in the various ofl&ces, for which honesty and 
 genuine patriotism had defeated them. 
 
 After the proclamation dl Governor Smith convening the 
 Legislature was issued, the so-called members who had 
 been lying on their oars in pleasurable anticipation, lost but 
 little time in hurrying to Montgomery. Two days before 
 the Legislature met, a large majority had arrived. They 
 did not show themselves on the streets. They evidently 
 felt like bogus Lustitutions, and were ashamed to meet hon- 
 est people on the public thoroughfares. The most of them 
 engaged cheap board at low down brothels, or with radical 
 negroes. So heartily mean did many of these fellows feel, 
 that they would not give to a decent man th5|phance to 
 make advances to them. 
 
 CHAPTEB II. 
 
 The " Legislature" met on the 13th, and a cursory glance 
 at the "assembled wisdom" would have convinced an Afri- 
 can fresh from his native land that Alabama was hard run 
 for law makers. It was a conglomerated mass of depravity, 
 ignorance, ugliness, cowardice, littleness and filth. Only 
 here and there was a true man, who bore a white man's 
 heart and a clear conscience. The galleries were literally 
 packed with loyal blacks, men, women, children, dogs, <fec. 
 The superior essences of "night-blooming cereus" and "love 
 among the roses" floated down in the hall of the house, 
 aijd strikingly contrasted with the old time odors of rebel 
 ladies. 
 
 The yards were packed with happy big and little nigs, 
 and fair colored ladies, with hunches of ginger-bread in 
 their pockets or hands, all yelling and singing in glad de- 
 light. The front entrance, the portico and steps were used 
 as hotels on the " European plan," and a thousand weary 
 
8 
 
 " loilists/ were driving away all thoughts of rebels in the 
 arms of loyal Morpheus. 
 
 The Senate was called to order by Lieut. Governor Ap- 
 plegate, ex officio President of fhe Senate. He hails from 
 the State of Ohio, and squatted in Alabama after the close 
 of the war in search of spoils, like the. hundreds of wolves 
 who are associated with him in the mutual robbing society. 
 This Applegate is an ignorant, illiterate fellow, who man»- 
 aged to work his way up to the second place in the carpet- 
 bag government by abusing good men, and flattering ig-- 
 norant negroes. The following letters will show how highly 
 educated, unassuming and clever is the Lieut. Governor, the 
 heir apparent to the Gubernatorial Chair : 
 c)j <)t-MJx;u.|^; HuNTsviLLE, Ala., Dec. 24th, 1865. 
 
 Mrs. Jacob Thompson: 
 
 You perhaps recolect that on the retreat of Gen Grants 
 Army during the winter of 1862 that Gen McPherson oc- 
 cupied your House as Hd Qrs for 17th A Corps & that 
 when your Lann was Evacuated by the federals He left a 
 number of His Body Guard to guard your House, to pre- 
 vent its being burnt I hapened to be one of that Guard on 
 that occasion I recolect you treated me kindly, together 
 with comrades A few days Later I passed through your 
 place in charge of seven confederate prisoners under com- 
 mand of Lieut. Gile You gave me a letter to carry to Col. 
 Jake Thompson at Grenada Yeu Showed us your corn 
 pile to feed our horses & took us into your parler <fe ordered 
 Dinner for "Yank" and "Keb" alike & that at a time when 
 you wer in no danger from federal haynets for those kind 
 acts the promptings of your own generous heart I feel hke 
 making you Some return 
 
 During the occupation of your house by our army there 
 was many things taken by the soldiers among the many 
 was the Private papers of your husban consisting of Deeds 
 Patents, Plats of lands amounting to Several hundred thou- 
 sand acres of land together with a number of valuable 
 notes & other papers Books describing the lands entered 
 
sold & unsold these papers are yet in Existence & i Kno 
 who has possession of them 
 
 if you desire to recover them you can write to me at th»^ 
 place & tell me how valuable they are to you as the party 
 who has them thinks they are very valuable & will want a 
 large reward for them but i think I can get possession of 
 them 
 
 I have the honor to be 
 
 your Friend & well wiSher 
 
 A. J. Applegate. 
 
 -ki- [letter.] ;j /ija uo- . 
 
 Mr. Macon Thompson 
 
 Si. Your favor of Jan 19th was rec by me & itg contents 
 referred to my friend &c He authorized me to say to you 
 that if you want the papers referred to worse than you 
 want ten (10) thousand dollars you can have them I was 
 informed while in Cincinnati the other day that there was 
 an order from Washington for them all to be turn over to 
 the government but he had not seen the order & requested 
 me to do as I have stated. * 
 
 You spoke of my insulting letter you must remember my 
 Dear Sir that men who live in glass houses must not throw 
 stones. 
 
 In my last I forgot to speak of your Exelant & very kind 
 Lady I take this opertunity of correcting that Error for 
 Her kindness I have Ever been thankful 
 
 if you conclude to except the conditions herein named 
 you can Express the money or Send me a Check on Cin- 
 cinnati or New York and if this does not suit you teU me 
 what will 
 
 immediately upon the receipt of said amount or as soon 
 as it can be mad your papers will be sent to you 
 I have the honor Sir 
 
 to remain your humble Svt 
 
 A. J. Applegate. 
 
 The only evidence that the public has that Applegate 
 
10 
 
 was a thief, is the following receipt which acknowledges 
 that the papers fell into Ms hands during the war, and not 
 into the hands of the man he "K nose" : 
 
 [eeceipt.] 
 Jacob Thompson ^ ^ ^ internal J , ^- J- Applegate 
 vs r "R St 1 hereby Acknowl- 
 
 A. J. Applegate. ) ^^" ^^P- ^ edges to have re^ 
 ceived of Jacob Thompson, by the hands of Walker, Brick- 
 ell & Lewis, three hundred ($300) dollars for certain pat- 
 ents, papers, note book, notes, deeds, &c., which fell into 
 the hands of the said Applegate during the war, and are 
 now returned to said Thompson through Walker, Brickell 
 & Lewis, on payment of the aforesaid three hundred dol- 
 lars, June 14, 1868. 
 
 [Signed] - A. J. APPLEGATE. 
 
 Twenty-seven Senators answered to 'their names, as fol- 
 lows : Barr, late of Ohio, Bromberg, late of Germany, 
 Buckley, (brother to Cliawles) late of New York, Coon, late 
 
 of Iowa, Farden, late of Ohio, Foster, — , Hayes, of 
 
 Alabama, Hinds, late of Ohio, Jones, of Alabama, Mabry, 
 of Alabama, Mahan, of Alabama, Martin, late of Georgia 
 Penitentiary, Oliver, late of»North Carolina, Pennington, 
 late of North Carolina, Richards, late of Vermont, Royal, 
 buck negro, Sibley, late of Massachusetts, Whitney, late of 
 Iowa, Wise, late of Ohio, Wyman, late of Pennsylvania, 
 Yordy, late of Ohio, Morton, Lentz, McAfee, Sanford and 
 Stow, rough old natives who didn't know any better. 
 
 The learned Lieut. Governor had a tedious and awkward 
 time in getting his loil machine to grinding ; but with the 
 assistance of home scalawags who were in search of offices, 
 the Senate was finally organized after a fashion. If the 
 learned Lieutenant Governor had kept his mouth closed, 
 and shown more respect for the English grammar, the first 
 day's session of the loil Senate would have passed off tol- 
 erably w^ll. 
 
 The loil House of Representatives presented a scene of 
 grandeur and subHmity beyond precedent and beyond de- 
 scription. It consisted of one hundred^ members, twenty- 
 
11 
 
 six of whom were negroes, sixty-seven carpet-baggers and 
 scallawags, and seven total white men. The seven whites 
 were acquainted with parhamentary proceedings, and to 
 them is due the credit of getting the hybrid concern in 
 order. The radical members of this body were the scum 
 of the localities in which they pretended to live, and, as a 
 body, the loil House was not even equal to the loil Senate, 
 in point of respectabihty and intelligence. 
 
 -'.livj'^il 
 
 THE HON. SENATOR FROM BULLOCK IN HIS SEAT. 
 
 The two houses organized by electing twice the usual 
 number of officers, thus giving away the white people's 
 hard earnings as a vote of thanks to negroes and scalla- 
 wags. The learned Lieut. Governor proposed that the 
 concern proceed to ratify the 14th article of the Constitu- 
 tion of the United States, after which the "Ginral" would 
 send up some big guns, and all hands would have a Httle 
 fun in the way of seeing the big guns shoot, and other "loil" 
 demonstrations. 
 
12 
 
 The vote on the ratification was unanimous in the Sen- 
 ate, [Mr. Worthy not being in the city.] In the House, 
 there were six votes against it, to-wit ; Reeves of Cherokee, 
 Neville of Monroe, Moore of Coffee, Hubbard of Pike, 
 Mastin of Crenshaw, and Hurt of Jackson. The remarks 
 of Mr. Neville on this outrageous occasion had the true 
 Spartan ring. Mr. Neville said : 
 
 " I vote against this resolution, because it is unjust, dic- 
 tatorial, and calculated to create discord for years to come. 
 It degrades the most honest, intelligent and honored sons 
 of Alabama. It proscribes intellect and virtue that repre- 
 sented the State in the past. It cuts them away from all 
 participation in the future in a government with which they 
 have been identified for a life time. It substitutes for them 
 a class of people utterly unfit to legislate for, or to repre- 
 sent the State. Not to adopt it is necessary to carry out 
 that spirit of harmony and fraternal regard, without which 
 no country is happy or prosperous. This amendment, in- 
 stead of offering to our blood-reeking land the olive branch, 
 offers hatred, proscription and internal feud." 
 
 When the vote of both houses was announced, the learned 
 Lieut. Governor exclaimed at the top of his loyal voice, 
 " Bully for Alabama!"— the "Ginral" [Kuklux Shepherd] 
 had hauled up his loil guns, and they boomed forth the 
 news of the temporary destruction of Hberty and the white 
 race, and the ascension of ignorance, vice, scallawagism, 
 scoundrelism and all the other mean isms and seisms with 
 which our language is acquainted. " '■* '^*' ^ 
 
 The white loilists grasped each other's hands, and looked 
 lovingly into each other's loil eyes ; the negro members ex- 
 claimed, "Oh, de happy day are come, tank de Lord ;" the 
 colored girls started the patriotic hymn, "Oh, lah, darkies, 
 aint you happy;" and in the midst of much loil enthusiasm, 
 the carpet-bag Legislature adjourned until next day, with 
 the proud consciousness that it was a huge affair. Buck- 
 ley, Norris, Kellogg and the other carpet-bag Congressmen 
 started immediately to Washington, and reached there in 
 
13 
 
 tae» fn'brff iQ'jTHu 
 
 time to draw their seven thousand dollars, and stationery 
 enough to last the balance of time. 
 
 
 CHAPTEK m. 
 
 The second day of the session was opened in each house 
 with a gratuitous prayer by a "loU" member. After the 
 prayer, Carraway, mulatto, moved that the House elect a 
 Mobile negro permanent Chaplain, and pay him four dol- 
 lars a day for his useless services. The old negro was 
 elected, and he commenced offering up a second prayer. 
 While he was praying, a member propounded to himself 
 the following conundrum : Why is the Chaplain's head Hke 
 the Capital? 
 
 Because it has a great many members in it. 
 
14 
 
 After the prayer, the conundrum and answer were sent 
 to the Clerk's desk, which the Clerk mistook for a loil bill, 
 and read aloud, much to the amusement of those who had 
 sense enough to know that it was only a joke. 
 
 In the Senate, a long and interesting debate was had on 
 the praying business. Some of the members said there 
 was no earthly use in having prayer ; others said it was 
 highly necessary, and that the carpet-bag party would never 
 succeed without prayer ; others said they could stand the 
 praying, but didn't want it to cost the members anything ; 
 the religiously inclined said the State would pay the dama- 
 ges ; one Foster said the city ministers would do the pray- 
 ing, and be glad of the honor, as such had always been the 
 ^custom; a sharper said "nary time," the city ministers 
 would never pray for such a concern as that — it would do 
 no good. He struck the nail on the head exactly, and 
 finally they elected a Chaplain out of the loil party, and 
 he prayed for them long and loud. 
 
 A resolution was passed both houses providing that 
 the Sergeant-at- Arms show seats to all ladies who might 
 visit the " Legislature." This was a popular lick, and the 
 "ladies" continued to come in droves— big, greasy, black 
 colored ladies, who could find no better employment in the 
 daytime. 
 
 The second day's performance was extremely amusing, 
 but utterly without interest or importance. Several local 
 bills were introduced. Messrs. Reeves and Hubbard ex- 
 plained to the House performers the different routines a 
 bill must tal^e before it could become a law, and they man- 
 aged to behave very well, by allowing the few white men 
 undisputed control of things. 
 
 In the Senate, the learned Lieut. Governor kept up his 
 tirade of abuse upon the English Grammar, which created 
 a great deal of fun for lobbyists. After the third or fourth 
 day, we got used to his "grammar," and ceased to be 
 amused at anything he said. He was at least the peer in 
 
15 
 
 education of the negro Senator and the negro members in 
 the House. Give the devil his due. 
 
 It was noticed that the home scalawags were lying around 
 the capitol in goodly numbers ; thej were in search of any 
 thing, they could get, and to accomplish their purposes 
 <3idn't mind calling the nigger members " Mister, Colonel," 
 &c. They continued to be pohte and servile to. the circus 
 actors until the last day of the session. uu>-.) ijim a«otj[ qfnjr. 
 
 NIGGER, SCALLAWAG. CARPETBAGGER )1 
 
 Tjbe scallawag is the meanest of all earthly creations. 
 Unlike the carpet-bagger, he is native, which is so much 
 the worse. Once he was respected in his circle ; his head 
 was level, and he could look his neighbor in the face. Now, 
 possessed of the itch of office and the salt rheum of radi- 
 calism, he is a mangy dog, shnking through the aUeys, 
 haunting the Governor's office, defiling with tobacco juice 
 the steps of the capitol, stretching his lazy carcass in the 
 sun on the square, or the benches of the Mayor's Court. 
 
16 
 
 He waiteth for the troubling of the political waters, to 
 the end that he may step in and be healed of his itch by 
 the ointment of office. For office he " bums" as a toper 
 " bums" for the satisfying dram. For office, yet in pros- 
 pective, he hath bartered principles and respectabihty ; 
 hath abandoned business and ceased to labor with his 
 hands, but employs his feet kicking out boot-heels against 
 lamp post and corner curb, while discussing the question of 
 office. ^ ^ I y/" 
 
 The normal condition of the unofficed scallawag is seedy. 
 Mayhap, there hangs about him some remnant of grey 
 clothes that floats him a remainder of the Confederate era, 
 before he fell from political grace, and was changed into a 
 scallawag. His obsequious meekness and self-abasement 
 in the presence of the power that confers office, causes the 
 gorge to rise in disgust at the recreancy of human nature 
 as developed in a full blown scalawag. 
 
 Eager to belie the past, that he may grasp office in the 
 future, he hath curses handy for the cause he once espoused, 
 and lauds the loyalty of himself in season. Where half a 
 dozen are gathered in discussion, there is to be found our 
 scallawag in their midst, conspicuous because of his dirty 
 linen duster and broad-brimmed hat. The vocabulary of 
 his knowledge-box is very contracted, and he sings but few 
 tunes, but these are loyal ones. In his estimation, every 
 feature of Eeconstruction is altogether lovely ; the negro 
 eminently fit for a voter, but not to hold office. That is 
 reserved for scallawags like himself. 
 
 The scallawag rewarded with office blooms into a new 
 existence. He puts on good clothes, kicks his mildewed 
 duster to the devil, shaves up, trims his stragghng beard, 
 and oils his matted locks of hair. If he is boarding, he 
 moves into a hired house, drives a hired horse, and begins 
 to splurge. To see the sneers of the unrewarded " bum- 
 mers," his only response is the elevation of his nasal pro- 
 tuberance. He is an office-holder, and provided he can 
 give bond as required, he sticks ; if he can not, he is offi- 
 
IT 
 
 <aally Mcked, and relapses into Jiis original condition of a 
 scallawag again. ntntithiA. Jo fl'tsitio 
 
 The tribe of scallawags is not numerous, but its nielfai- 
 bers are very pestiferous, like the frogs of Egypt, that 
 crawled into the ovens and kneading troughs of the people. 
 We long to write the obituary of the last of the scaUawags 
 who officiated at our capitol. 
 
 The carpet-bag and scallawag county officers elect be- 
 came very restive for a bUl to be passed authorizing their 
 immediate induction into office. The star\ing creatures 
 were hungry and seedy, and represented that they oould 
 hold out but a day or two longer. The aspirants for the 
 nigger IT. S. Senatorship were working faithfully about this 
 time. Griffin and. Warner took to their loyal bosoms the 
 kinky headed, sweet scented nigger boys, and dined and 
 wined them till the niggers imagined that it was a glorious 
 thing to be a ** legislatur man." Warner would wine them 
 in an ante-chamber and dine them at old Caroline's lunch 
 table in the Capitol rotunda. Griffin didn't hesitate to 
 throw his loil arms around their necks, no matter how loud 
 they smelled, nor how obnoxious the odor. Lewis, Spen- 
 cer, Humphries, sly Coon, and the other aspirants for the 
 fat office, did their duty well, and all beHeved that the col- 
 ored troops would fight nobly. During this interesting 
 campaign, the fellow Warner of Ohio, who claimed to rep- 
 resent Montgomery county in the Legislature, and who was 
 as officious as he was arrogant, invented a new method of 
 electioneering. Every desk in the Capitol was studded 
 with a pamphlet containing " Reasons why Gen. WiUard 
 Warner should be sent to the United States Senate." These 
 "reasons" consisted in extravagant extracts from radical 
 papers in Ohio, and, therefore, were good reasons why this 
 creatute should represent Alabama in the United States 
 Senate. 
 
 - It was dog eat dog between Griffin, Spencer and Warner, 
 and the balance of them; but of the <?roAY4> ^&^- Peter 
 
18 
 
 Goode, negro, could more truthfully have sworn, " I am a 
 citizen of Alabama." 
 
 Warner aud Spencer were elected on the second Tuesday 
 of the session, and put out for Washington post-haste the 
 moment after their election was announced. They were 
 sworn in on Sunday, Congress having voted to adjourn on 
 Monday. They made out their pay bill for $7000, but were 
 paid only $400, much to their chagrin and disappointment. 
 The capet-bagger Spencer is shown up in the following ex- 
 tract from the DuBuque (Iowa) Herald : 
 
 "Alabama, a State where acts of Congress supplied the 
 deficiency of radical votes and bayonets, is said to have 
 elected Ceorge E. Spencer a Senator. George E. Spencer 
 is a fine type of the genus carpet-bagger. In 1856 he came 
 to Iowa and made his home at Newton, Jasper county. In 
 1857-8 he had the secretaryship of the Senate. In 1858 
 he migrated to Clay county, where there was the usual 
 number of offices and few competitors for them. In 1860, 
 having played Out in Clay county, he removed to Nebraska, 
 and became private secretary to Gov. Sanders. In 1861 
 his loyal thirst for greenbacks made him sutler of the 1st 
 Nebraska regiment. And through the war he became a 
 loyal bummer, landing in Alabama when the war closed, 
 and by the kindness of the rump is now made a United 
 States Senator. Te gods ! what a statesman this ex-sutler 
 of a Nebraska regiment will be !" jaro>^}it> 
 
 They are "good boys," and in the United States Senate 
 will most faithfuRy represent the interests of Spencer and 
 Warner. ifAdqaih^ 
 
 j^ CHAPTER IV. 
 
 On the third or fourth day Mr. Worthy, the solitary dem- 
 ocratic Senator, took his seat, and a new era dawned. The 
 vile, ignorant persons, who during the few past days had 
 
19 
 
 been heaping venomons slander upon the white people of 
 Alabama, were startled at the bold stand which Mr. Wor- 
 thy took, and his powerful speeches, his bold, dignified 
 manner caused the nefarious performers to tremble in their 
 seats. He also told them that their proceedings had been 
 utterly unparHamentary, and proceeded to tell them how 
 , the Alabama Senate should be conducted. His remarks 
 V were always gulped down, and his parliamentary sugges- 
 tions invariably adopted. Several moderate Republicans 
 joined Mr. Worthy in his opposition to the cowardly mea- 
 sures of sly Coon, Sibley, Farden, Whitney, and other Ohio 
 and Massachusetts Senators. 
 
 Nothing was done in the Senate on this day, except the 
 introduction by Mr. Mabry of a bill to remove all political 
 disabilities imposed upon the citizens of Alabama. The 
 bill was laid upon the table, and the loil machine adjourned 
 to take part in a grand radical-nigger-carpet-bag pow-wow 
 in the hall of the House. 
 
 The House opened with prayer by the old negro Chaplain. 
 The old fellow had his feelings hurt by Strobach's resolution 
 requiring him to shorten his prayers. He had cei^sumed 
 about two hours of precious time in praying for all the big 
 and little radicals, tp the great disgust of Strobach and 
 other radical faiembers. They will yet need his long prayers 
 to save thepi from the home in store for them. 
 
 The nigger-radical- carpet-bag-pow- wow met in the hall 
 of the House. 
 
 The fellow from Maine, Chairman of the Executive Com- 
 mittee, and so-called Congressman elect from Alabama, in 
 a hifalutin and spread-eagle style, the sense of which was 
 lost in the incongruity of its sentences, called the radical 
 Convention to order, on whose motion Thomas O. Glass- 
 cock was appointed temporary Chairman. 
 
 Wm. B. Figures, of Madison waa appointed temporary 
 Secretary. .'v.rtr -.' 
 
 > The desire to talk cropped out at the start, and about 
 twenty minutes were consumed in motions for appointing a 
 
20 
 
 Committee on Credentials. One was finally organized ' of 
 one loil man from each Congressional District and two from 
 the State at large. 
 
 Just here a motion was made to admit some members 
 from counties that had not sent delegates. A state of chaos 
 and confusion existed. All hands talking. Humphries, 
 mild and complacent, makes a motion ; Barber, rampant 
 and snorting, says something ; the negro from Mobile, Car- 
 roway, grins and opposes something ; Sheets gets mad, and 
 shouts out a few remarks ; a stentorian voice from Mobile 
 bellows out something else ; the modest and gentle Giraffe, 
 in the hurly-burly, utters a few remarks, when Glasscock 
 jumps up and cries out that hedpcidea weJcyiihi3Qg.auJi,of 
 
 order. lo VfMj.TA Tl/f v^rf frnrin/rfir. Icf 
 
 Gregory, mulatto, from Mobile, finally fixed up a pro- 
 gramme for the government of the Convention. Several 
 loil speeches, in which "rebels" were gently treated, were 
 indulged in for an hour or so, when the Convention adopted 
 a set of loil resolutions, and nominated a State electoral 
 ticket headed by scallawag Morse. They shook the build- 
 ing sevf||B^ times during the performances of their fence- 
 straddling Convention, and adjourned in high spirits. 
 
 On "^ie afternoon of this day all the legal State ofl&cers 
 were turned out, and carpet-bag so-called officers took pos- 
 session of the Supreme Court, the offices of , Treasurer, 
 Secretary of State, Comptroller, Attorney-General, &c. 
 
 Hon. Micah Taul protested against this unlawful pro- 
 ceeding as follows : 
 
 Executive Department of Alabama, 
 liw V.1 0. OJlce Secretary of State, -.<' ■ 
 
 " ' Montgomery, Jiilj"16tW'1868u- 
 
 Maj. Gen. Meade, Commanding " •^'""^ '^''^ n'-ft^^ vmo' > 
 
 Third Military District, Atlanta, Gah''^'^ 
 
 Sir : — I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt'of 
 your order of the 14th inst,, removing me from the office 
 of Secretary of State and^ placing in my stead Mr. C. A. 
 Miller, ajqqii nA aiiit'ik>m ai Lt>tuiinat*o siaw h^iuaun y fa9'.vt 
 
21 
 
 I feel it to be my duty, not only to myself, but to the 
 people of the State of Alabama, by whose representatives 
 I have been placed in the position I now occupy, to protest 
 against this unjust, illegal and unwarrantable proceeding. 
 '■^I was elected to the office of Secretary of State, by the 
 Ijegislature of the State of Alabama, for the term of two 
 years from the date of my installation, the 20th of Febru- 
 ary, 1867. That body was recognized by every Department 
 of the Government of the United States as a legal and 
 constitutional Legislature, and authorized to do and per- 
 form all acts that the Legislature of any other State could 
 do and perform. It was recognized not only by the civil, 
 but by the military Departments of the Government of the 
 United States. ^<^ AT ii A . . i L^ 
 
 It is claimed, however,' that I iriiist yield my office to Mr. 
 Miller under the reconstruction acts of the Congress of the 
 United States. The resonstruction acts themselves provi- 
 ded that, in the event the Constitution framed by the Con- 
 vention of November, 1867, did not receive a majority of 
 all the registered voters in the State, that it should not be 
 considered the Constitution of the State. In your official 
 report to Gen. Grant you state that the proposed Constitu- 
 tion failed to receive a majority of all the registered voters, 
 and of course was rejected under the terms of the very 
 acts which, it is claimed, gave the election its validity. 
 
 The Cqnstitution framed by the Convention of Novem- 
 ber, 1867, having thus been fairly rejected by the people 
 of the State of Alabama, by what right does Mr. Miller 
 claim to eject me from the position I hold by the suffrages 
 of the people of Alabama, and he be installed? I deny 
 
 his right, under the law, in any view in which the question 
 maybe presented»^Hiw oJ ,fliiwiifilA Jrjj-iiMvl ffur; ^aiu.tma 
 
 He may be installed under the military authority' and it" 
 has the power to eject me and place any other individual 
 in the position. •■^I'^qwil lo iiorJoiina oiii j^ujvp^ ^ti bn« 
 
 The present Constitution, under which the civil "govern- 
 ment of the State is acting, and under which Mr. Miller 
 
22 
 
 claims his title, declares " that the military shall in all cases ' 
 and at all times be in strict subordination to the civil pow- 
 er." And I claim that if Mr. Miller is to be placed in the 
 position of Secretary of State, that, in conformity with the 
 Constitution, under which he claims to be entitled to the 
 place, that he should resort to the Civil Department of the 
 
 Governmef^^ tp,Jjav(9,^.qlaiiftia^p4Jpai^6<^-«^ »P* tp^.the 
 Military. nv,-«. ,^,.,{ i.c.^l. ...... .^pf,-/,- ,-4" ,rT 1.^^'^ .T'^>^^ rrm 
 
 If it is the determination of the military authorities to 
 
 override law and Constitutions, there is no recourse left 
 
 those who stand in their way, but to yield to a power they 
 
 can not successfully resist. im&^ob 
 
 I am, sir, very respectfully, your ob't serv't, 
 
 MICAH TAUL, Sec. of State. 
 
 A large number of commissions were also issued on this 
 day to scallawags and carpet-baggers as county officers. 
 
 •Mft B m'- 
 .. .,i„,,^,j CHAPTEEV. 
 
 ii'jiitO'iuov; III .iJijjijHXi' 
 
 Sly Ooon is, perhaps, the most loil man in the world. 
 He came here from Ohio, leaving his family behind, and 
 has volunteered his services to lead 90,000 armed negroes 
 against the Democratic party, and to burn down the city 
 of Selma, if a loil man gets his finger cut during the Pres- 
 idential campaign. He is very fond of the military, and 
 offered the following compliment to Brig. Gen. Shepherd, 
 the soldier whose loil sleep is constantly disturbed by 
 dreams of hideous Ku Kluxes : 
 
 " Whereas, Brig. Gen. O. L. Shepherd, U. S. A., Com- 
 manding Sub-District Alabama, to whom our thanks are 
 due for the cordial manner in which he has co-operated 
 in the exercises of inaugurating the Governor of Alabama, 
 and by giving the sanction of his personal presence, at- 
 tended by his full staff of officers, to the patriotic ceremo- 
 nies of installing the only loyal and legal Government Ala^ 
 
bama has had since the yeftr 1861. And that in the event 
 of any change of command incident to the Military ser- 
 vice, he should be called to the other fields of duty and 
 command, we should part with him with sorrow and regret, 
 and regard his removal as a great and serious calamity to 
 all good citizens. 
 
 "Be it, therefore, resolved, That the people of this 
 State, through their representatives, most cordially endorse 
 the action of Bvt. Brig. Gen. O. L. Shepherd, U. Sv A., and 
 his Excellency the Governor is hereby requested to trans- 
 mit to the said Bvt. Brig. Gen. Shepherd, U. S. A., a copy 
 of the foregoing preamble and resolution, duly certified, as 
 a testimonial of gratitude." 
 
 Kearly all the Senators made a little talk, and endorsed 
 the resolution with patriotic emotions. 
 
 Mr. Worthy, Mr. Pennington and Mr. Jones opposed the 
 resolution, saying that they had no thanks for a soldier 
 who would quit his business to mix with politics. 
 
 The Governor sent in a mild, dignified, conciliatory mes- 
 sage, asking the Legislature to treat the white people with 
 mercy, and to remove all political disabilities. Coon, Farden, 
 Sibley, Harrington, Hart, and other adventurers paid but 
 little respect to the Governor's suggestions, but commenced 
 to whisper that Smith was an Andrew Johnson No. 2 — was 
 getting disloyal, &c., and would bear watching. 
 
 The Governor recommended that they have but Httle to 
 do with politics as legislators, but confine themselves to 
 such local legislation as would inure to the benefit of the 
 whole country ; and thereby not disgrace the State of Ala- 
 bama by converting the Legislature into a radical work- 
 shop. The people of the State, knowing the illegality of 
 the concern, asked but few favors of them. Their brains 
 were not fertile enough to grow original ideas ; so the whole 
 session was consumed in discussing the amount of pay they 
 should receive, the "militia bill," "Ku klux bill," "News-^ 
 paper bill," " Voting bill," " DisabiHty biU," &c. The Dem^ 
 ocrats and moderate radicals origins^t^d a<&d carried through 
 
M 
 
 Several bills whioh inay possibly be of benefit to the peo- 
 ple. But this kind of legislation did not suit the extreme 
 radicals ; they cared for no measure unless there was a 
 vacuum in which to put the words, "rebel," "ku klux," "dis- 
 loyal," &G. When these chances came, the " loil " fel- 
 lows were in their glory, and they always received their 
 reward in smiles from the colored girls, and applause from 
 the lazy negro fellows in the galleries. These opportuni- 
 ties were constantly recurring, and the poor rebels, who- 
 ever they are, did certainly get unmerciful Tvprdy floggings 
 day after day. ii r,;.,.:;, 
 
 [ >^flio:oyTOi odi )o 
 
 -' Btii ffft v':«'jpV[ 
 »iiJ£.{ d*f r iioihilctH^n ->d) 
 'I :tWt ,n{tmll .: ' ' 
 
 \ = 
 
 Hon. ilr. Carraway supports the Electoral College 6ill. "'^^ " ' ' 
 
 eloilir o£l;t oa jeaabi fiitii^i-ra wtnyj o^ rf.>.!iofl© aliiioiioa 
 X'^rf' ' ^ CHAPTEEYi. 
 
 In the House, Carraway, the smiling yellow fellow from 
 Mobile, introduced his famous "Common Carrier BiU." 
 
25 
 
 Curraway is a kinky-headed mulatto, the hair refusing to 
 straighten out, although faithful work has been performed 
 upon it to make it yield. He talks somehow so: "Dis 
 thing is gwine to git up a iuSs ; ise agin it, kase taint jes- 
 tis," <fec., &c. He was the bright, particular star of the 
 House, around whom all the satellites revolved. His car- 
 rier bill provided that railroads, steamboats, and all other 
 public conveyances should furnish the same accommoda- 
 tions to negroes as to white people, and should not separate 
 the races on the public conveyances, if the negro objected. 
 This bill was discussed, oft' and on, for three weeks, Speaker 
 McCraw being the principal spokesman of the opposition. 
 All the negro members, assisted by a blockhead named 
 Hart, the " long-haired barbarian" Harrington, tall, gaunt- 
 looking Springfield, and other so-called v/hite men sup- 
 ported the bill. It finally passed the House by a vote of 
 45 to 31. It was sent forthwith to the Senate for the con- 
 currence of that body. After some support from Brom- 
 berg, Sibley, and others, the famous "Carrier bill" was laid 
 upon the table, and; there sleeps the . sleep which knows no 
 waking. 
 
 The negroes were highly indignant at this action of the 
 SenatCj and threatened the pohtical destruction of all those 
 who opposed the bill. A row in Mobile between the whites 
 and blacks was the consequence of this nonsensical legis- 
 lation. The negroes seized the street cars, and were only 
 compelled by,f(^rce to rele^^e, them» af^^r a fjay and.,mght's 
 possession. . W\^.^:, ; ^'^^,rn .'^^7-"^'^^' ' "f.",- . \ 
 
 In the Senate, a wild looking old creature named Martin 
 introduced a bill to change the county seat of Eussell 
 county. Sibley, Farden and Coon supported the bill in 
 heart-rending accounts of Kuklux signs in Russell. Sibley 
 said he had seen a respectable white man, who represented 
 that the Kukluxes would not allow the scallawag officers to 
 hold court at the county seat, and that the loil people were 
 greatly sujffering thereby. Messrs. Pennington, Worthy 
 and others assured the Senate that it was all moonshine 
 
and that there was no such an organization in Alabama as 
 the Kuklux Klan. Sibley insisted that there was ; that he 
 had seen them, and knew that they were dangerous institu- 
 tions. The discussion of tlfis subject consumed an entire 
 day, and the matter was finally referred to a select commit^ 
 tee, who reported that there was no danger to the Russell 
 county officers, aa the Committee had learned from reliable 
 sources. oxxusv^ 'n'> ih^tiiH ^.Qiyiuy/^yr 
 
 J/r-Jooj.'/!' iy>iiiHii'iL^i<i- ^ ; 
 
 •f.uiijoq'- 'niiJfol.ffi' >*ttW'jteih HjiTf [fiU ehlT 
 
 [^{i.! OiU toil' ^iqfuitr- 
 
 r>.. ,•:.:•>,. I ;■ .chapter viU-'-r ^ 
 
 The mighty Coon kept his mouth closed one entire toolii'- 
 ing, until Mr. Pennington's bill to remove disabilities was 
 brought up. He then made a speech, which Beast Butler 
 would have called a good thing — denounced the project to 
 Remove the political disabiUties of white men as criminal 
 and disloyal ; he snorted, wept, bewailed, and did a great 
 many other affecting things. Coon, Farden and Sibley are 
 a happy trio, and can conscientiously boast of being supe* 
 rior to their presiding officer in point of grammatical ex- 
 cellence, and of excelling the Beast himself in low down 
 trickery. 
 
 The disability business occupied a large portion of the 
 time of both hcuses, and many a look of hate was ex* 
 changed, many a lie given, many a war speech made, in the 
 dignified body, before the matter was disposed of. Mr. 
 Pennington, a man who possesses some good traits, but 
 who keeps his mind steadily on the fact that he is working 
 for Pennington, brought up the subject by the following 
 resolution : ^^'^ old^d'>^): 
 
 "Resolved, the House concurring, that a joint committee!" 
 to consist of three from each house be appointed, to whom 
 shall be referred so much of the Governor's message as 
 refers to the removal of political disabilities, and that said 
 
27 
 
 comniittee be instructed to take tte matter into oonsidera* 
 tion, and report at an early day." 
 
 Mr. Pennington made an impressive and generous speech 
 in support of his resolution. He was committed to his 
 constituents to do his best to bring about peace in the 
 State, and peace could not be obtained while so large a 
 number of the citizens of Alabapia were denied the right 
 of citizenship. He read that portion of the Governor'^ 
 message, which recommended removal of disabihiSes, and 
 supported it in a very conciliatory and able manner. ^r^.j 
 
 Mr. Coon moved to lay the resolution on the table, and 
 remarked that he was very sorry indeed that the resolution 
 Was introduced. He did not believe it to be good policy — ■ 
 while he was liberal in his views, he was unwilling to turn 
 over the reins of government to his enemies — he regretted 
 the course of Governor Smith in iJiis ^matter — he had con- 
 fidence in the Governor, but could not strike hands with 
 him for such a purpose as relieving the disabilities of the 
 late rebels. He was in Washington when pohtical disabili- 
 ties were removed from certain citizens of Alabama, and 
 several persons were reheved who had opposed reconstruc- 
 tion, but he told the Congress to remove their disabilitios, 
 because Judge Humphries said they would support Grant 
 and the Republican party. He was still in favor of reliev- 
 ing the disabilities of all persons who would support Grant, 
 but he could not go in for the relief of any man who is not 
 in favor of Grant for President, and the perpetuation of the 
 Kadical party. He hoped no action would be taken at 
 present, as it might result in the death of the Republican 
 party. It would turn loose 20,000 Democrats with all the 
 rights of Repubhcans, &c. iiijvfjii —ju 
 
 Mr. Jones paid a beautiful and eloqueUt tribute to the 
 sons of his native State — Alabama. " He said that so long 
 as he had breath, he would oppose the enormous and un- 
 generous law which proposed to disfranchise those with 
 whom he had associated from his youth up, and whom he 
 knew to be honest, brave and loyal. The law is a mon- 
 
28 
 
 strous wrong, and it is his intention to oppose it to the 
 
 bitter end." " J^ ixotfyi inn. ,injii 
 
 "V'Mr. Pennington said he was opposed to keeping shackles 
 o'li every man simply because he might be opposed to a 
 certain political party. He was a Republican in principle, 
 but equal civil and political rights having been accomplished, 
 he would not favor persecution and shackling of' a hrarrt), 
 magnanimous people. !;i aijsi ly io 
 
 Mr. Coon insisted that the resolution be laid upon the 
 table. A vote was taken, which resoulted in yeas 8, nays 
 21, asfollows : • ■ ' : 
 
 Yeas — Coon, Johnson, Lentz, Martin, Oliver, Richards, 
 Royal, Sibley. 
 
 Nays — Bromberg, Farden, Foster, Hays, Hinds, Jones, 
 King, Lambert, Mabry, Mahan, McAffee, Morton, Penning- 
 ton, Sanford, Sevier, Stow, Whitney, Wise, Worthy, Wy- 
 man, Yordy. 
 
 Mr. Foster then offered the following substitute for Mr. 
 Pennington's resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, That that portion of the Governor's message 
 referring to removal of disabilities be referred to Commit-^ 
 tee on Grievances and Disabilities." 
 
 A motion was made to lay Foster's substitute on the 
 table. Yeas and nays were called, and resulted, yeas 18, 
 nays 11. The substitute was, therefore, laid upon the 
 table. 
 
 Mr. Pennington's original resolution was then adopted. 
 
 The Committee reported in two days afterwards, and 
 then the Radical party of the carpet-bag Legislature be- 
 gan to show signs of dissensions in the ranks. It would 
 b^ impossible to give anything like a synopsis of the fiery 
 speeches made in both houses on this subject. The Senate 
 passed the bill, after making an unimportant amendment. 
 The amendment was accepted by the House, and the bill 
 became a law, after an angry, bitter, incongruous strife of 
 two weeks length. The extreme Radicals could not con- 
 ceal their chagrin and disappointment at this result. Grif- 
 
29 
 
 fin swore that disloyalty was cropping out in spots in all 
 departments of the State, and that if some restraint was 
 not used the infernal rebels would soon make the State too 
 hot for his sort. All the balance of his crowd indulged in 
 similar remarks. >tl ,diiiu'! ci (ni>!'>i) ju^tm sii aoitij-jiutuu 
 ..X" ■■■ .- . . 7.ir.i# *lru!H ' xfl lo -raoffto j;|aibi88-r<{ -jd) h%.\) 
 \o i'ii*to(['jiL HB loiYBif'jcf firm^rnptri -to} hafnUWnd )o Hon « 
 tfji^ooiii jOiiTT ,'vmo > .7.bod if'.U)\ini iodi 
 
 f*'if\^M({qA oiol^rf t^nCHAPTER VlUpdu uoo^l bad ,^avo7_ 
 ,rfoitflrrtfe» 'irfi ity>*mtt (.' '■)r,r'\-, ^\\ aRii/dA oi v.-^w *^idi v/'=>nd 
 
 The "Legislature" spent much of its valuable time in 
 relieving loil people, men and women, from the penalties of 
 bigamy, horse-stealing, <fec. At least fifty such cases were 
 favorably acted upon. A white man named Dad Harris, 
 member of the House ; a penitentiary bird named Martin, 
 of the Senate ; the negro Senator Royal, and other "mem- 
 bers," all came in for their share of relief, under one head- 
 ing or another. 
 
 The learned Lieut. Governor made three different at- 
 tempts to get rid of some of the newspaper reporters, whom 
 he considered as being too disrespectful in their accounts 
 of his style of grammar, and his parhamentary rulings. 
 The Advertiser of Montgomery was the object of the 
 learned gentleman's special hate, and he frequently alluded 
 to the necessity of making newspaper reporters subscribe 
 to a document promising good behavior, respectful articles, 
 <fec.; but the Senate each time voted down the proposition. 
 His last attempt at muzzling the press was thus described 
 by the Advertiser: aa ed \\vn it .tmio-op pi/;; • , 
 
 "On Saturday morning Mr. A. d. Aj)pldgate, President 
 of the mixed assemblage known to the carpet-baggers, 
 scallawags and darkies as the 'Sinit,' called our Reporter 
 in a mysterious manner to the Chair. Our Reporter, who 
 is distinguished for his modesty and timidity, advanced at 
 first with alacrity, imagining that Applegate was going to 
 offer to take a friendly drink ; and then more slowly, fear- 
 ing that Applegate might have it in his mind to request 
 
30 
 
 him to preside, for a few moments, while he stepped aside 
 to consult Hoyle on an intricate point of parliamentary law. 
 But when our Reporter finally reached Applegate, by a 
 flank movement on his left, and stood ready for any com- 
 munication he might desire to make, he was astonished 
 that the presiding officer of the ' Sinit' wished him to sign 
 a sort of bail-bond for his good behavior as Reporter of 
 that august body. Our Reporter of course, who, though 
 young, had been about such bodies long before Applegate 
 knew the way to Alabama, declined to accept the situation, 
 and refused to put his name to any such document. Ap- 
 plegate gave our Reporter to understand that he wanted 
 him to register in order that he might secure correct and 
 respectful reports of the ' Sinit.' He ascertained further, 
 that no other Reporter was subjected to the same condi- 
 tions, and was surprised at such a demand, insisting as he 
 does, that his reports have always been correct and re- 
 spectful, except wherein they have already been voluntarily 
 corrected. 
 
 " Now, our Reporter insists that he shalj not be held re- 
 sponsible for the editorial comments made in the Advertp- 
 ser upon the proceedings and members of the * Sinit.' 
 
 "The editorial department and the reporter's department 
 of the Advertiser are entirely distinct. The editors have a 
 right to bring to the pubUc notice the ignorance, the coarse- 
 ness and general unfitness of persons who have, under pe- 
 culiar circumstances, obtruded themselves into the legisla- 
 tive halls of the State. Should our Reporter be excluded 
 on this account, it will be an attack on the freedom of the 
 press, -end Mr. Applegate and his friends would be held re- 
 sponsible by the public for their gross violation of the 
 principle lying at the foimdation of our Government. If 
 we think proper to comment on Mr. Coon's ridiculous con- 
 duct, while the two houses are in joint session — or to inti- 
 mate that his wash bills are of very slender dimensions — 
 if we choose to produce the genuine African dialect which 
 sometimes enters into the discussion — if we should express 
 
31 
 
 astonishment that Sibley's loyal soul should be so disturbed 
 ,by the fancied presence of the Ku Klux — if we think proper 
 to exhibit surprise that the learned President of the 'Sinit,' 
 himseK, spells country with a K, and God with a small g, 
 as it is said he habitually does — we insist that the editor, 
 and not the reporter of the Advertiser is responsible. 
 
 " Therefore, since the reporter's work has been faithfully 
 done, and the editor is entirely responsible for any com- 
 ments made about this miscellaneous assemblage, there is 
 no reason for requiring him, and no others, to register his 
 name, as if to force a confession that he had been guilty of 
 some improper conduct as reporter to the Advertiser. In 
 addition to this, no Legislature in Alabama evfer required 
 such a thing, and the President of the ' Sinit,' in making 
 the demand, goes beyond his rightful authority." 
 
 He made no further efforts on this subject, but kept as 
 docile as a lamb towards the newspaper men during the 
 balance of the session. He was always supported in these 
 contemptible endeavors by Coon, Sibley & Co. r^ ^„,t^ ^.n-v 
 
 Many members of the House were also in the habit of 
 rising to "questions of privilege," and reading newspaper 
 articles which reflected on their private characters. They 
 generally got the worst of the contest, and after several 
 ieneffectual attempts to restrict the freedom of the press, 
 they gave up the ghost in despair. 
 
 Coon's bill to authorize the establishing of a " loyal news- 
 paper" in each Congressional District, was one of the most 
 outrageous of all the outrageous acts perpetrated or at- \ 
 tempted to be perpetrated by this band of imposters. The 
 bill simply provides that the Governor shall appoint a rad- 
 ical newspaper in each Congressional District, in which 
 newspaper all Probate and other Judges, Sheriffs, Execu- 
 tors, Administrators, Guardians, &c., shall have their legal 
 advertisements inserted. The discussion of this mornBtros- 
 ity occupied more than a week, but the bill finally passed 
 over bitter opposition. Suppose a bill like the following 
 had been introduced, and a. debate like the following had 
 
38 
 
 been had thereon, some idea could then be formed of 
 the arguments which were used in support of this mighty, 
 wrong :')iijj io ;>nfji>i^.9i4. imawMi-*'^^ Jhi'u t'diq-im -iio'itiz'.^ '<i 
 
 " Be it 'enacted by the (len^i^df AssiSfirt^;f ofAlabaina, 
 That thr Governor be and he is hereby authorized to estab- 
 lish a loyal grist and grain mill in every Congressional Dis- 
 trict. 
 
 " Be it further enacted, That the Governor shall appoint 
 loyal men, white or black, to govern said mills. "^ ^la-jui 
 
 " Be it further enacted, That all widows and orphans aVe 
 required to do their grinding at said mills, and all loyal 
 people required to do the same thing, but at reduced 
 prices. 
 
 "Be it further enacted. That all Kukluxes or hideous 
 looking people who are caught lurking about the said loyal 
 mills, shall be punished with instant death." 
 
 Mr. Sibley said that this bill would stand upon its merits, 
 and he had but a word to say in support of it. It was evi- 
 dent that the miUs which have been furnishing toeal for the 
 last three years are utterly disloyal, and he beheved certain 
 ingredients were placed in the meal to change the political 
 sentiments of the loyal people. 
 
 Mr. Coon hoped the bill would be placed upon its third 
 reading and passage at once. He had given the subject 
 much serious thought, and had become convinced that the 
 grist mills of the country were furnishing disloyal meal, 
 and that if the loyal people continued to use it, it would be 
 equal to twenty thousand votes against Gen. Grant. Like 
 all other coons, he was raised on corn, and knew the differ- 
 ence between loyal and disl»yal meal. Besides this, it was 
 most necessary to pass this bill to keep up and strengthen 
 the Eepubhcan party; the Senate had passed the bill re- 
 quiring widows and orphans to advertise in loyal papers, 
 gnd he thought they should be made to snstain loyal grist 
 mills. 
 
 Mr. Foster and Mr. Pennington said they hoped the Sen- 
 ate would not act hastily in such an important matter. 
 
33 
 
 They moved that the bill be referred to a select committee 
 to be called the Committee on Loyal Grist MiUs. 
 
 Mr. Lambert said he did not think the 'Sinit' had any 
 jurisdiction of such cases, and he moved the bill be laid 
 upon the table. 
 
 Mr. Farden said it was the most appropriate bill that had 
 yet been introduced, except the K. K. biU. 
 
 Mr. Bromberg said the bill was of the utmost importance, 
 and he was delighted at the introduction of it. He hved 
 in Mobile, and had not eaten a piece of loyal bread, except 
 while absent, in three years. The colored loyal people were 
 fast becoming Democratic, by using meal from the disloyal 
 mills at Mobile. He wanted the bill to pass at once, and 
 a special tax be levied for the purpose of establishing a 
 loyal mill in each district. This matter was of the greatest 
 importance to the Kepublican party. 
 
 Mr. Eichards said he would gladly favor the bill, but he 
 thought it would be difficult to make the disloyal people 
 support the mills. 
 
 Mr. Sibley repHed that the loyal militia could be called 
 out to force them to purchase their meal at the loyal mills. 
 
 Mr. Coon made a very able speech, and said he would 
 take a torch in one hand and anything he could get in the 
 other, and would stand at the head of the brave mihtia 
 uatil every disloyal person had purchased a bushel of loyal 
 meal. 
 
 Mr. Whitney said he had some doubts as to the consti- 
 tutionality of the bill, but was nevertheless in favor of it. 
 
 " Lawyer" Bailey was called in, and gave as his " legal " 
 opinion that the bill was in accordance with the reconstruc- 
 tion laws. 
 
 This was a stunner. ,. j. 
 
 The bill passed the Senate with but few dissenting y^fA 
 ces, and was sent forthwith to the House. J 
 
34 
 
 ' "'• Ur\ Qfii Uiiii Iry/oui V'idT 
 CHAPTER IX.tmo'J ^nli lr,ll-'> ridoi 
 
 ViUi i)r,il jiuiel* 'Mi) aiv ■ u 'id ]ji«« iiaduiHil :il/ 
 
 -' 1)110 '"Kfibaiiistlfegifelature" is certainlya iice'set of id- 
 lows. Besides their high regard for loyalty, they know 
 something about attending to the interests of No. 1, They 
 debated a long time whether they should receive eight, six, 
 or ten dollars per day for their very valuable services. They 
 finally passed a bill fixing the pay of niembers at $8 per 
 day ; presiding officers, $12 ; principal clerks, $8 ; assist- 
 ants, $6 ; sergeant-at-arms, $6 ; door-keepers, $4 ; and pa- 
 ges, $4. The number of officers is greatei? than was ever 
 required by the laws of Alabama. They voted themselves 
 40 cents mileage, just double the amout heretofore asked. 
 It cost the State, the "disloyal" people, the snug little sum 
 of sixty thousand dollars to settle with these fellows at the 
 close o| the thirty days' session. Martin, who served out 
 a term in the Geogia penitentiary, was very anxious that 
 ten dollars a day should be paid the members, and said 
 their services were justly worth it. He was doubtless en- 
 deavoring to " make up" for dead-head work rendered the 
 State of Georgia, while serving out his time in the peniten- 
 tiary. But Martin was not unlike the balance of the scal- 
 lawags and carpet-baggers in this respect ; they all wanted 
 the pmj — genuine greenbacks, or nothing. They refused 
 even to take the State certificates, because they wouldn't 
 "pass" at par in certain localities. The Treasurer got tired 
 of informing them that the State certificates would at least 
 pay taxes, for the invariable response vas, "Oh, d — ^n the 
 taxes, I haven't got any to pay." •/ iii(< '^^^ 'iii''^' «o.. 
 
 The carried off with them nearly every cent in the State 
 treasury, and left that concom a fit subject for the blessings 
 of the bankrupt act. They tried to further rob the trea- 
 sury, by requiring it to pay the back dues of the menagerie 
 Convention. Smiling Carraway's speech in behalf of this 
 project was one of the ablest of the session. He said : 
 
 " Mr. Speaker : Fore de vote is taken on dis subjec, I 
 
35 
 
 wish to say a few words. Dere is no justness in dis mat- 
 ter, less de members of de Convention git dare pay. It ^ 
 well known dat many members of dat Convention run risk 
 of dar very lives in gitting here ; dey had to go through 
 swamps at night to git here ; dey deserve well of Alabama 
 for dere service. Many of dem quit dere businesses and 
 liked to starve, cause dey couldn't git pay for servin de 
 State. It's onjust not to pay 'em — dere is no justness 
 in it." 
 
 But, there being only ten or twelve in the Legislature 
 who had served in the Convention, the Legislature defeated 
 the Carraway crowd in order to get everything themselves, 
 which they did most effectually. The pay business en- 
 grossed much of the time, and all of the Jiidden thoughts 
 of the loil Legislature. 
 
 The speech of Thomas Lea, a distinguished and hand- 
 some colored member, deserves a place in tho history of 
 the country. The House of Representatives being in com- 
 mittee "ob de hole," Mr. Lea arose and "suggested" the 
 following wise move : I. 3; trtt;]» ;! V-^rA j'iiob htir. ,oi «ioo«n 
 
 " Mr. Cheerman — I moves dat five hufidud copies ob de 
 Legislatur be printed," — following up his motion by the 
 subjoined eloquent speech : fom ffiiinZ . 
 
 " I hope, sir, dat de country will 'cognize de reportance 
 ob de sejestion I'se jest had de oner ob perpendin. De 
 troof is, sir, I don't know nuffin bout dis bizness, no how ; 
 I beam Mr, Coon say "dis is de way," or "dat is de way," 
 an I wood bleeve Mr. Coon, seppen as how he dident pay 
 his cullud gemmen las yer for de crap dey made fur him. 
 I hear Mas Appletoddy say " he's better dan we is," but 
 den you know he stole Mr. Thomson's bonds and Ian titles. 
 Mr. Jim Q. Smith say de rebbels is dam bad, but sevral 
 years ago I seed Mr. Lockwood nock Mr. Smith almos to 
 de middle ob nex week, and Mr. Smith dun nuffin back to 
 him, but run hke a puppy. Mars Josh Morse say we mus 
 all be law-abidin, but den he sassernated a man in cole 
 blood not two munts ago. Mars Berril Jpl^nsing talk mity 
 
nice, too, but he say 'pudiate wid scorn de 'publican party, 
 an dat won't do. Mars John Hardy say as how Mr. Ard 
 wants a seat here, but de troof is, Mars John sich a liar 
 dat I can't bleeve him on oath. Tell yer, gemmen, dere's 
 a rabbit in de brush heap sumwhar. Dis nigger is 'pleetly 
 circumfusticated. He don't know nuffin bout dis bizness, 
 an 'sides, he feels sorter shame ob de cump'ny he's 'pell to 
 keep. I blushes nee deep ebery time I hears Mars John 
 Hardy talk bout troof, Mr. Coon talk bout honesty, de Rev.' 
 Mr. Silsby talk bout varture, or de hole dam crew ob you 
 talking bout knowing anything. De fack is, I don't know 
 nuffln bout dis bizness no how, but dere's a rabbit in de 
 brush heap sumwhar — sho. Here's brudder Stewed says 
 he wants a law to make Mare Brown keep peace inside his 
 corporashun ; but dat's coz sumbody skeern him into fits 
 dere one nite, arter he done gone to bed wid a hedake what 
 he got out ob a bottle or two ob — ars Wimp Cole's whisky. 
 Tell you, mun, dere's a rabbit in de brush heap — sumiuliari 
 an I don't know nuffin bout dis bizness no how — never 
 specks to, and don't keer a durn if I don't nuther. Derfor 
 I renuse my dissolution, and hopes it will fine a secun. I 
 want five hundud copies ob de Legislatur printed, and Fse 
 hound to have it. Nuffin more at present, but remains yours 
 til deth, tom lee." [Tremendous enthusiasm — the members 
 standing on the benches (to get a breath of fresh air) and 
 shouting, until their throats grew ho^arae, . ".Thi^e© icheei^ 
 for Tom Lee."] .yr. u ol^ nn wooO .-xM rn/??»i( 1 
 
 Coon's Militia bill was the most damnable outrage a 
 carpet-bagger ever conceived. It consisted of thirty-six 
 sections, and provided for arming nearly all the male ne- 
 groes of the State, under the guise of a loyal movement to 
 keep down insurrection, rebellion, Kukluxes, and aU the 
 other horrid things. 
 
 WJien the militia bill was introduced. Coon found that 
 it had but few supporters, and after much persuasion, the 
 mighty warrior withdrew it. If it had been introduced on 
 the first day of the session, the passage of it would have 
 
37 
 
 been certain. But by this time the conservative element 
 had reached the ascendancy, and the squatter from Iowa 
 watched in silence the death of his favorite project. 
 
 The Kuklux brigade kept up, from day to day, their 
 abuse of supposed " hideous looking persons." They were 
 in their glory when they could bring against our people, 
 over the shoulders of a few rowdy town boys, the charge of 
 disloyalty, organizing of secret political companies, &c. 
 One morning in the Senate, old man Oliver produced a 
 letter containing the word " Kuklux," and telling of their 
 threats against one Haughey, a scallawag so-called member 
 of Congress. Sly Coon and loyal Sibley were fast asleep 
 when the Secretary commenced reading the letter ; but when 
 he got to the word "Kuklux," loyal Sibley suddenly jumped 
 up, kicked over the desk, spilled the people's ink, and be- 
 smeared the people's carpet, and -with his eyes distorted 
 and his hands uplifted, cried out in deepest agony — "oh ! 
 Lord, have the Kuklux come — who's got my hat?" 
 
 Sly Coon thought his brother Kukluxer was fainting, and 
 made desperate stj-ides to reach him ; he threw the con- 
 tents of ah ink bottle in his face, and loyal Sibley soon 
 recovered sufficiently to proceed with his responsible duties. 
 Sly Coon then proceeded to show that Kukluxes were dan- 
 gerous institutions, and that the members ought to be 
 hanged. ," They have done a tremoundous amount of mis- 
 chief," said sly Coon; "look at my friend, the loyal gen- 
 tleman from Madison — look at him, see his emaciated ap- 
 pearance, and then tell me if Kukluxes ought to go un- 
 punished." Everybody looked, and loyal Sibley had com- 
 pletely given up, " Now, sir, said sly Coon, I think these 
 proceedings ought to be published ; the Democratic papers 
 ought to publish them, and let the peopje see for them- 
 selves." 
 
 This ridiculous talk was not confined to the Senate ; the 
 House introduced at least a dozen bills for the punishment 
 of what they called Kuklux Klans. A Republican finally 
 offered a resolution that no more Kuklux bills should be 
 
38 
 
 ••,'■11 
 
 'Coon aud Sibley, during the reading of Haughey's "Ku Klux letter. 
 
 introduced, and that the author of any such bills should be 
 fined not less than one hundred dollars. The resolution 
 was overwhelmingly defeated, and nearly the last thing the 
 -concern did was to provide against Kukluxes. 
 
 -nrx 03 oi Jii>.M-iO ,^.i7: ;1 j iioai 
 
 -iiio-> L/!.' /U.";^ r CHAPTER l:"^^-'-- 
 
 taoii ttftuijl t 
 
 ;;a 
 
 The Democratic party haying made such fearful inroads 
 into the ranks of the Radicals, even in their " loil Legisla- 
 ture," they must necessarily devise some means whereby 
 the vote of the State should be cast for Grant and Colfax, 
 without consulting the people. In the Senate, Bromberg, 
 of Hesse-Casse, Germany, introduced a bUl to allow the 
 present Legislature to cast the vote of the State in the 
 
39 
 
 Presidential election, and to take from tlie people the right 
 to vote in said election. ^ hsieqy.'ulfr hita Jlhff. t, dj'nr 
 
 Mr. Pennington moved to pb^tpone consideration until 
 Monday or Tuesday. 
 
 Bromberg and Coon favored immediate action in the 
 matter. 
 
 Messrs. Worthy, Pennington, Jones, Barr and others 
 made short speeches in opposition to the measure. 
 
 Coon, Bromberg and others insisted upon a vote being 
 taken. The vote was taken, and resulted yeas 13, nays 13. 
 The President cast the deciding vote in favor of the mea- 
 sure.* 
 
 Those who voted yea are — Bromberg, Buckley, Coon, 
 Farden, McAfee, King, Martin, Morton, Eoyal, Sibley, 
 Whitney, Yordy, Lambert, Applegate. 
 
 Those who voted nay are — Barr, Hayes, Jones, Mabry, 
 Mahan, Oliver, Pennington, Richards, Sanford, Sevier, 
 Wise, Worthy, Wyman. 
 
 The bill provides that the people shall not vote in the 
 Presidential election, but that the present Legislature shall, 
 on the 1st Tuesday in November, cast the eight electoral 
 votes of Alabama for General Grant. 
 
 The biU was sent forthwith to the House, where a long 
 and angry debate was had, in the midst of which the fol- 
 lowing dispatch was exhibited by a loil member named Jen- 
 nings : i98 tteilt aev. nMluboUm;) 
 ■ ■ ■ ' "Washington, August 6, 1868. 
 
 " Hon. Wi H. Smith, Governor : The Legislature must, 
 by all means, cast the electoral vote of Alabama. The 
 effect North will be good. ;ui J v.iJ (iiv.j.ij .al 
 
 "(Signed) r.^ j.fliwollol 'jiU WAENER, ..(J 
 himB oiob ^fi^iBibrr datfil o[> Ilfi f^hoa I : SPENCER, 
 
 STOW." 
 
 The unsophisticated old creature, whom the Governor 
 had allowed to retain the dispatch, thought he would show 
 off "big," and, consequently, sent it up to the clerk's desk, 
 with a mandatory order that it should be read for the in- 
 
r«0 
 
 formation of the House. Somebody tickled the old fellow 
 with a quill, and whispered that the Governor did not want 
 the dispatch read in public, and he must get it back. He 
 begged and impleaded to get it back, but Gregory, Carra- 
 way, Springfield and the other so-called people thought it 
 was something about Kuklux and rebels, and insisted that 
 the clerk must read the dispatch. Neville, Reeves, Hub- 
 bard and the other white men begged that the dispatch be 
 returned to the indiscreet old chap. This convinced the 
 creatures that it was a Kuklux concern, and they positively 
 refused to let the dispatch depart until they knew the con- 
 tents of it. The old fellow agreed to let all hands see the 
 , great " What-in-the-mischief-is-it," if they would not insist 
 upon its being read in public. His proposition was ac- 
 cepted, when almost the entire body rose to their feet, fear, 
 hatred, thunder, Kuklux, loyalty, dirt and every other brave 
 quahty depicted on their loyal faces. They " made for" 
 the old fellow, rammed him against the wall, knocked down 
 every desk, upset all the chairs, spilled all the ink, mashed 
 the breath out of several " loil " constituents, and raised 
 the wind generally. Smiling Carraway and Booby Hart 
 were the first to snatch the paper, upon the contents of 
 which the destinies of this disloyal country depended. 
 The latter blockhead then mounted the Hon. Tom Diggs, 
 and read aloud in a brave, tremulous voice, the dispatch 
 quoted above. A tremendous shout was then set up, which 
 brought in Coon, Farden, Sibley, Applegate and other K. 
 K. spirits from the Senate, who had been watching the 
 proceedings from the outside, and were afraid to venture 
 in. Smiling Carraway then mounted beautiful Shaw's big 
 back, and made the following patriotic speech : 
 
 " Mr. Speker : I node all de time what dat dere spatch 
 kertained, but I wanted for to se what de gemmans wood 
 do, an if it wood hav a good confectionery on der centi- 
 ments. Ise rejoiced to no dat its havin good eflfeck on de 
 gemmens, I move de spatch be dopted, and 1 thousand 
 
,/^. U, .^^c^^' 
 
 
 41 
 
 
 The Speaker cried out, "Order ! order! order! This Legislature is not 
 -B8ur oili XX " "rcu8."^^j^ iiu :,0 ^iqe / 
 
 copys be printed for de hotel kepers of dis city to fumisii 
 dere gests wid." _ 
 
 The Speaker ruled that the gentlemkn was Out of order. 
 Blockhead Hart appealed from the Chair's decision, and 
 the decision was not sustained. Soap-eyed Stewart moved 
 that the motion be adopted. Carra way's motion was then 
 read and adopted, amidst a gigantic outburst of loyalty. 
 
 This was an unparliamentary way of proceeding, but is 
 almost a/ac simile of the proceedings in the so-called House 
 on the day alluded to. Incendiary speeches were made in 
 support of the measure by the blockheads, boobies and 
 negroes. The few Democrats opposed the measure solidly, 
 and were assisted in their opposition by the moderate Rad- 
 icals. It passed the Senate by a majority of one vote. 
 
 Those who voted yea are — Bromberg, Buckley, Coon, 
 Farden, McAfee, King, Martin, Morton, Royal, Sibley, 
 Whitney, Yordy, Lambert, Applega'te. 
 
42 
 
 Those who voted nay are — Barr, Hayes, Jones, Mabry, 
 Mahan, Oliver, Pennington, Bichards, Sanlord, Sevier, Wise, 
 Worthy, Wyman. 
 
 In the House a long, rambling discussion was had, Har- 
 rington (white so-called) and Lewis (buck negro) being the 
 leaders in support of the project. The latter gentleman 
 let off the following able speech : 
 
 " I speak boldless and fearly on dis matter ; de gemman 
 from Monroe has spoke a good speech on dis subjec, but 
 he says some things which I do not concord. I reference 
 a large people of de masses, and I bleeves dat my stituen- 
 cy — de masses — wants us to vote for dem as dere repersen- 
 tatives, an I bleeves we is competent fur to vote. Our lau 
 is in a bad condishun, an de hands is needed on de fields,' 
 and, sir, de warm veins of blood now cussing through sum _ 
 of our bodies will be spDt on de ground if de people is^ 
 allowed to vote, cause dere will be fights between the ex- : 
 tending parties — derefore, I am in f avoir .fi^,^ "^oti^ for < 
 Ginral Grant in the Legislatur." i- ;,:-;.> ..irfi:- .f>. -uiT 
 
 But in spite of all this, the House voted do"v\Ta the mea- 
 sure, the negroes as a general thing fearing that their rad-, 
 ical brethren had a trick in view in trying to deprive them 
 of the right to Yote.fTJn. the evening, however, Mr. Spring- 
 field moved to reconsider the vote by which the House had 
 defeated the bill. The motion, was adopted by 52 to 13. 
 
 Messrs. Stewart and Hart, who voted no in the morning, 
 said St, change had come over their dreams, because they^ 
 beard their enemies say, after adjourning, on the steps, that 
 they had carried this bill, and could carry any other they, 
 wanted to — that money had bought them off. 
 
 Messrs. Hubbard, Neville, Moore and others tried to de- 
 bate, but cries of " question," " question," arose aU over, 
 the hall. 
 
 The bill passed by 48 to 18, as follows : 
 
 Yeas — Alley, Ard, Austin, Attaway, Baker, Brewington, 
 Carraway, Cox, Daniel, Draun, Emmons, Green, Gregory,. 
 Hardy, Harrington, Jiarris, Hart, Holman, Huston, Inge, 
 
43 
 
 Jones of Madison, Kendrick, Lee, Lewis, Lore, McAfey 
 Page, Quinn, Ronajne, Rose, Shaw, Speed, Springfield, 
 Simmons, Smith, Stewart, Thompson, Thweatt, Tucker, 
 Weaver, Wite, Wilhams, Wilson, Wood. 
 
 Nays — Dereen, Doster, Fister, Hubbard, Hart, Jennings, 
 Masterson, Mastin, Malone, Moore, Neville, Reeves, Rich- 
 ardson, Strobach, Stubblefield, Tompkins, Tyner. 
 
 SpeakerMoCraw, who was sick, came to the House after 
 the bill passed, and asked to have his vote recorded NO. 
 
 So the bill passed both houses, and was sent to the Gov- ' 
 em or for his approval. Instead of his approval, though, 
 he returned the bill accompanied by a veto message, which 
 brought down upon his loyal head aU tha wrath of the dis- 
 appointed and astonished friends of the outrageous, cow- 
 ardly plot. 
 
 Mr. Sibley said the Governor had violated his actions on 
 this subject ; that he inaugurated the measure and advised 
 its passage, and was now vetoing what he himself had got- 
 ten up. 
 
 BJj Mr. Jones said that the assertion was untrue ; that the 
 Governor had favored no such measure. 
 
 Mr. Coon rose to a point of order, that Mr. Jones was 
 dealing in personalities, &c. 
 
 Mr. Bromberg moved that the consideration of the mes- 
 sage be postponed until 1st Monday in November. * 
 
 Mr. Coon was in favor of postponing the matter imtil to- 
 morrow. He was in favor of passing the bill over the veto, 
 because honest and loyal men were in danger if the veto 
 was not voted down. 
 
 Mr. Barr. said the gentleman from Mobile (Bromberg) 
 falsified his oath in the position he had taken. He made a 
 strong speech in support of the veto.ri'^gqKXJ.'i::; lo iiinrfut 
 
 Mr. Coon strongly urged the defeat of the veto, and said 
 the object of the men who were sustaining the Governor in 
 this matter, was to get up a war. If the war must come, 
 let it come. He was ready for it, and ninety thousand 
 freemen of Alabama would give the opposition a belly full 
 
44 
 
 of war before it was over with. He would stand by the 
 Republican party in Alabama in tlie war, and victory would 
 perch upon his banner. He knew the Bepublican party 
 would stand up manfully, and carry the war to the hilt, and 
 would make the unrepentant rebels sick of war before the 
 work was finished. He would not leave the Capitol until 
 the veto business was finished, and he would not leave the 
 State until the war was finished and rebels were crushed. 
 He continued his indecent and incendiary talk until Mr. 
 Worthy called him to order, and stated that Mr. Coon's 
 remarks were incendiary, out of place, and revolutionary. 
 
 The Chair decided that the remarks were in order, and 
 permitted Mr. Coon to proceed, which he did at some length 
 in the same style. 
 
 Mr. Jones replied to Mr. Coon, and told him that his 
 remarks were revolutionary, but that if he wanted war, he 
 could have it, and the war would last until none of his sort 
 desecrated the soil of Alabama. He said that he was a 
 Kepublican, but when war is talked about, and Alabamians 
 are to be slaughtered, he would be found on the side of his 
 own people — those in this bright and sunny, but oppressed 
 land, to whom this country and the government of it justly 
 belongs. 
 
 He said he could raise a squadron of town boys and whip 
 out anj'thing the gentleman from Iowa could bring against 
 him ; he could marshal twenty thousand colored men to 
 follow his banner in defense of Alabama and Alabamians ; 
 the colored men of inteUigence knew that carpet-baggers 
 were not their friends, and that a squatter would desert 
 them in the hour of peril and need. But if the gentleman 
 wanted to get up a war of races, and wished to poison the 
 minds of unsuspecting negroes, the deluded men would 
 find that they would be deluged, and that white supremacy 
 would assert itself. 
 
 He importuned the colored men to beware of such teach- 
 ings as Coon was instilling into their minds, for it would re- 
 dound to their own destruction.. He said he had lost re- 
 
45 
 
 spect for the person to whom he was replying, on account 
 of an ungallant talk he made in the Governor's room in the 
 morning. He proceeded to relate Coon's remark, when Mr. 
 Farden called him to order, and the President forced him to 
 desist. He appealed from the President's decision; but 
 was not allowed to repeat the remark. 
 
 He then stated that he would publish in the papers of 
 the State what he had heard, and would be responsible now 
 or any other time for what he said or published. (Mr. 
 Jones' speech occupied about 30 minutes and was a complete 
 reply to Mr. Coon. He was frequently called to order by 
 bitter radicals, and the President invariably sustained the 
 caU.) 
 
 Mr. Worthy paid a compUment to the Governor's honesty 
 of purpose, as much as he bitterly opposed the Governor's 
 political opinion. After much wrangling, the Senate ad- 
 journed until 4 p. m. 
 
 In the afternoon, both houses convened for the ostensible 
 purpose of taking action on the veto ; but the radicals saw 
 the death of their loved measure, and managed to stave off 
 a vote, and to adjourn until the first Monday in November, 
 without attempting to override the veto, and without pass- 
 ing a registry law, as required by the so-called Constitution 
 of the State. They hoped by this means to prevent an 
 election, either by the people or the Legislature. But they 
 were mistaken in this idea, as will be shown in the next 
 chapter. ,. .. i ... 
 
 • t iaioqq& oi ill. 
 
 tiolioaD'fi)^ o^lnyi. (iH ^.'. \ " '. < iuU,rJ 1', iwf ■, ;.;..,, .^oiin 
 .^•i&oilioj^uijiinr', CHAPTEE XI. »aif)q oui oi 
 
 The Legislature adjblim^d in ^eat taiste, without' eh^en 
 notifying the Governor of the State of their intention to 
 do so. They broke up the " loil" machine all in a minute, 
 and the " loil " members were in great glee at the thought 
 that the " rebels" would be prevented from voting, because 
 
the veto was lying on the table, and because no registry law 
 bad been passed. They believed they had done a very- 
 smart trick, but it can be easily shown that they made fools 
 of themselves, and left the Democratic people, the truly 
 loyal people, masters of the situation. The speech of Hon. 
 Thomas H. Watts, at Wetumpka, Ala,, is a clear dissection 
 of this subject. He said : .iOTr oit ji;iilt JFj^^itin ii{>x(} t.H 
 
 One of the first acts of this Legislature was to adopt the 
 Revised Code of Alabama. 
 
 This Revised Code, in accordance with the act of Con-, 
 gress of 1845, (see Brightley's Digest, page 254,) provides 
 for holding an election for Presidential Electors on the first 
 Tuesday after the first Monday in November, 1848, and 
 every four years thereafter. 
 
 And it is made the duty of the Judge of Probate of each 
 county of the State, at least thirty days before the election, 
 to appoint three Inspectors for each election precinct in 
 his county, and he is required to furnish the Sheriff of his 
 county, within three days thereafter, a list of these Inspec- 
 tors. 
 
 The Sheriff of each county is the returning officer of the 
 county for all general elections, and it is his duty to give 
 notice at least thirty days before each election, by publishing 
 in a newspaper, if one is published in his county, and if 
 not, by written notices, in at least three pubhc places and 
 at the court house door, of the time of holding and the 
 offices to be filled by such election. It is Hkewise made the 
 duty of the Sheriff to appoint returning officers for each 
 precinct in the county, and to appoint the Inspectors, 
 should the Judge of Probate fail to do so, and to give notice 
 to the persons appointed inspectors aud returning officers, 
 at least five days before the election. 
 
 If the Judge of Probate, or the Sheriff fail to discharge 
 his duties, in these respects, each is guilty of a misdemea- 
 nor, and shall be fined, on conviction, at least one hundred 
 dollars, and as much more as the Court and jury may im- 
 pose. 
 
47 
 
 If the Judge of Probate, or Sheriff fail to appoint inspec- 
 tors and returning officers : or if when appointed they fail 
 to attend at the time and place of holding the election, any 
 three house holders or free-holders at any precinct in the 
 County may hold the election, and appoint the returning 
 officers. The Judge of Probate and the Sheriffs of the 
 several counties of the State are bound by this law. It waa 
 adopted as the law, by a Legislature whose authority they 
 recognize, and whose laws they have sworn to obey. ThiS' 
 Bevised Code of Alabama has been made the law of the 
 State, by the carpet-bag Legislature, except so far as it is 
 inconsistent with the Constitution and laws of the United 
 States, and with the so-called Constitution imder which 
 they pretended to act. 
 
 It is not pretended by any one that the election law in 
 this Revised Code is inconsistent with the Constitution of 
 the United States, or with any law of Congress, or with this 
 carpet-bag Constitution, except alone that, by it, negroes 
 have as much right to vote as whites. 
 
 Is registration a prerequisite to a right to vote under 
 this Constitution? 
 
 There can be no doubt on this question if we will but 
 examine. '/;',fcjo, 
 
 The right to be voters is given without quahfication 
 Or restriction in express terms to every male iperson who 
 has been born in the United States, [whether white or 
 black,] and to every male person who has been naturalized, 
 who is twenty- one years old and upward; and who has re- 
 sided six months in the State and three months in the 
 county next preceding the election, unless he is disqualified 
 by some provision of the Constitution. 
 it.Registration is only a meaiis to be provided to prevent 
 fraud in elections. It is enjoined on the Legislature by this 
 Constitution to provide, by law, for a registration of the 
 qualified voters of the State. It is no where declared that 
 any are disqualified from voting who have not been regis- 
 tered, unless a registration law is in existence. There can. 
 
be no legal registration until some law is. made providing 
 for it. 
 
 The Constitution does not execute itself. It contem- 
 plates legislative action, in order to establish the duty of 
 registering. The Constitution declares that "it shall be 
 the duty of the General Assembly to provide from time to 
 time for the registration of all the electors." In so many 
 words, the duty of providing for registration is imposed 
 on the General Assembly. This Constitutional provision 
 directs the Legislature, and is not binding on the people, 
 until the Legislature makes the law. The Governer can 
 not, by his proclamation or otherwise, make registration a- 
 duty on the citizens, before voting ; for the Governer has 
 no Legislative power disconnected with the General Assem- 
 bly. He has, therefore, no means of enforcing a duty, 
 imposed, by the Constitution on the General Assembly,^ 
 and not the people. The Constitutional provision as to. 
 registration imposes no obligation on the people of tha 
 State, until the General Assembly makes the law of regis- 
 tration. 
 
 The Supreme Court of the United States in the case of 
 Graves vs. Slaughter, 15 Peters, 449, and in Brown vs. 
 U. S. 8 Cranch, 110, have settled doctrines, which maintain 
 my propositions to the fullest extent. 
 
 In the case of Graves vs. Slaughter, the legal meaning of ^ 
 a provision of the Constitution of Mississippi of 1832, in 
 reference to the introduction of slaves into that State for 
 sale or as merchandize, was discussed and decided by the 
 Coui't when Taney and Story adorned that Bench. The 
 clause of the Constitution was in this language : " The 
 introduction of slaves into this State as merchandise or 
 for sale shall be prohibited from and after the first day of 
 May 1833." The question was whether this language, 
 without any Legislative action, per se, prohibited the iatro-> 
 duction of slaves into Mississippi after the 1st of May,, 
 1833. No law was passed by the Legislature of Mississippi 
 to carry into effect this provision of her Constitution until; 
 
49 
 
 1837. In the mean time, in 1836, slaves were introduced 
 as merchandize and were sold, and a promissory note given 
 for their price A suit on this note was brought, and thus 
 the case came bj appeal to the Supreme Court of the 
 United States. 'V.ls^v'fW! 
 
 The Court says that the lah^age of this clause of the 
 Constitution, " obviously points to something more to be 
 -done, and looks to some future time." There are no pen- 
 alties or sanctions provided in the Constitution for its due 
 and effectual operation," " Legislative provision is indis- 
 pensable to carry into effect the object of this prohibition. 
 It requires the sanction of penalties to effect this object." 
 In short, the Supreme Court of the United States hold 
 that the Constitutional provision was without effect — was 
 not binding on the people of the State — until the Legis- 
 lature vitalized it — gave it the means of being enforced on 
 the people of Mississippi. 
 
 This decision applies with the fullest force to the clause 
 of the Alabama Constitution as to registration. To pro- 
 vide for registration is a Legisltive duty, and until the Leg- 
 islature make the law of registration, there is none and can 
 be none in the State. 
 
 Our own Supreme Court, in a case involving the jurisdic- 
 tion of Justices of the Peace, under the Constitutional 
 provision extending their jurisdiction to amounts not ex- 
 ceeding $100, adopts similar reasoning and arrives at the 
 conclusion that the Justices had not the jurisdiction until 
 there was Legislative action, to carry into effect the Consti- 
 tution. 
 
 Are we required to take the oath prescribed in the 4th 
 Section, YII Article of this Constitution, before we can 
 legally vote ? I say, without the fear of successful con- 
 tradition, No ! By the very terms of it, only those who 
 register, when a registration law is passed by the General 
 Assembly, are required to take that oath. Until the Leg- 
 islature shall provide for the registration of the voters of 
 3 
 
so 
 
 the State, this oath can not be required to be taken by 
 any voter. The Governr has no more right to require this 
 oath to be taken, than he has to make a registi:ation law, 
 by his proclamation. ..Dqqu .v;" o:iir>o ufe' 
 
 All who are not disqualified can vote, without registering, 
 and without taking the oath ! Thanks to the Legislature, 
 who granted unwittingly to us this right ! 
 
 But suppose we should think it prudent, out of the abun- 
 dance of caution, to take this oath before we undertake to 
 vote in the Presidential election, can we conscientously take 
 it ? In my opinion we can do so with a clear conscience. 
 
 An oath is not merely an obligation between man and 
 man ; but God is a party to every oath we take. 
 
 In every oath we solemnly call Him to witness our hearts 
 and the purity of our intentions. If we take the oath we 
 do so with mental reservations, we violate the oath in the 
 oath, in the sight of God, in the very act of taking it. I 
 can not, therefore, advise you to take this oath, with the 
 secret intention at the time to break or to evade the force 
 of its obligation by pretexts however plausible. 
 
 What is the obligation legally and morally imposed on 
 us by taking the oath prescribed in this section of the Con- 
 stitution ? It is simply that we shall, in good faith, abide 
 by all its provisions so long as this Constitution has any 
 binding force on the people of Alabama. If it should be 
 declared by the Supreme Court of the United States to be 
 contrary to the Constitution of the United States ; or if it 
 should be declared to be unconstitutional by the Great > 
 Power in this country, which makes and unmakes Consti- 
 tutions and Courts — the people of these United States — 
 the oath is no longer binding on the citizen. Or if this 
 Constitution should be altered, or amended, or abolished 
 in the modes itself provides, the oath, as to the part so 
 amended, altered or abolished, is no longer binding. Nei- 
 ther would any man violate his oath by taking such steps, 
 as this Constitution authorizes to alter, amend or abolish it. 
 
 It is a well estabUshed principle .of construction, known 
 
51 
 
 to all courts and common sense men, that every printed or 
 written instrument is to be so construed as to give effect to 
 each part thereof, and so that all its provisions shall har- 
 monize. 
 
 The third section of the Bill of Eights — a part of thia 
 Constitution which requires the oath — declares " that all 
 political power is inherent in the people, and all free gov- 
 ernments are founded on their authority and instituted for 
 their benefit ; and that, therefore, they have, at all times, 
 an inherent right to change their form of government in 
 such manner as they may deem expedient." 
 
 Article XVI of this Constitution provides that it may be 
 amended in two ways : First, by legislative action coupled 
 with a vote of the people ; and secondly, by calling a Con- 
 vention of the people. 
 
 This oath imposes the duty of supporting this Constitu- 
 tion. The clause of the Bill of Bights I have read, as well 
 as the 16th article, is as much part of the Constitution we 
 swear to support, as any part of the oath which requires 
 us to "accept the civil and political equahty of all men," 
 and that "we agree not to attempt to deprive any person or 
 persons, on account of race, color or previous condition, 
 of any political or civil right, privilege or immunity enjoyed 
 by any other class of men." To construe these latter clau- 
 ses of the oath so as to prevent a change of the Constitu- 
 tion as to any rights supposed to be acquired by the ne- 
 groes in the State, would take away from the people an 
 " inherent right" — an inalienable right — which can not be 
 taken away from any free people ; a right "at all times" to 
 change their form of government. No construction which, 
 impairs or destroys the Bill of Bights or any part of it, or 
 which impairs or restricts the right of amendment declared 
 in the 16th article can be a sound one. 
 
 The legitimate and only proper construction of this oath 
 is, that "^o long as this Constitution is binding on the peo- 
 ple of Alabama — so long as it remains unchanged by the 
 people — we support it. We have a right to change it "at 
 all times," in the modes provided in it. 
 
 There is another thing to be observed. We are only for- 
 bidden by this oath to deprive any person, on accozmt of 
 race, color or previous condition, of political or civil rights. 
 Under this Constitution and under this oath, if we choose 
 to deprive any man, white or black, of civil or poHtical 
 rights, on account of other things than race, color or jprevi- 
 ous condition, we have a perfect right to do so. 
 
52 
 
 • 
 
 Suppose, on accaunt of his unfitness to exercise the right 
 of voting or holding office, by reason of his ignorance, his 
 moral degradation, or other reason than race, color or previ- 
 ous condition, we think it would subserve the best interests 
 of the State, to deprive some men of the right to vote or 
 to hold office, we have a perfect right to do so, under this 
 Constitution and this oath ; and in doing so we violate no 
 obligation, legal or moral. 
 
 Then all of us whose political disabilities have been re- 
 moved, and all who are not disqualified by some positive 
 provision of the Constitution, can and ought to take this 
 oath, if it be required by any legitimate authrity. It is our 
 duty to do so, and to vote, because by so doing we can carry 
 the State of Alabama for Seymour and Blair in the next 
 election. It is our duty to do so, because by electing them 
 we re-establish the written Constitution, with all the rights 
 and sanctions to the States and the people of the States — 
 coequal States in the Union. It is our duty to do so, be- 
 cause by so doing we help to re-establish freedom of the 
 press — freedom of speech — the right of trial by jury — and 
 all the other great and fundamental rights embodied in 
 American Liberty. 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 The " loil " concern is gone,but they will gather together 
 again in a few days, even on the 16th of September. The 
 well known " Loilman " has correctly anticipated the first 
 days' proceedings as foUows : 
 
 SENATE AND HOUSE. 
 
 To provide maps, spelling books, and McGuffey's read- 
 ers to the newly-elected county surveyors — to prevent the 
 carrying of deadly hostile weapons, except in carpet-bags, 
 were passed. 
 
 House Bills — To declare Wm. Bodie, Mary E, McLoon, 
 Sophronia Irving Riley, and Susan Ann May, free dealers ; 
 provided they furnish the Senate with 50 dozen eggs, and 
 a barrel of buttermilk. —Ordered to third reading. 
 
 Mr. Nesome, of Clay, asked an indefiinite leave of ab- 
 sence. Granted. 
 
53 
 
 Mr. Drawn introduced a bill to regulate the punishment 
 of female convicts. This bill turns over all females con- 
 victed of crime, to the Lieutenant Governor, whose duty it 
 shall be to punish them by walking the streets with them 
 in daylight. 
 
 Mr. Harris, of Limestone, thought the punishment too 
 severe — he thought it very barbarous. The bill passed. 
 
 Mr. McOi-aw, bill for the removal of disabihties was or- 
 dered to be read, but the resolutions could not be found. 
 Both houses proceded to seai'ch for them, and, after four 
 hours fruitless huut, a gentleman of the Senate oliered to 
 produce them for $300. They were found far awap in the. 
 same place occupied by Col. Jacob Thompson's papers. 
 
 Mr. Coon's bill, directing the Governor to send commis- 
 sioners to Lower Guinea, to examine the laws of that coun- 
 try, and to obtain copies of the same for the use of the 
 State, was passed. The Governor has nominated Lakin, 
 Sheets, h'igures, Bob and Pete (col'd) for that important 
 mission. Just as soon as they get their clothes washed, 
 and Pete finds his steers, they are going to start. 
 
 Mr. Hill's bill to establish a poor house in the county of 
 Bullock, was passed without a dissenting voice. This bill 
 provides for the support of all members of the Loyal 
 Leagues, at the expense of the county. 
 
 Mr. Carraway's bill to furnish the wives and daughters 
 of all colored leaguers with lily white, was amended to in- 
 clude fine-tooth combs, and passed. 
 
 Mr. Columbus Jones introduced a bill authorizing Mr. 
 Sibley, of Madison, to take possession of a certain cow, 
 sold by him in Huntsville, while Mr. Sibley was in a tight. 
 Referred to committee on cows and bulls. 
 
 Mr. Chisholm introduced a bill to establish a free gro- 
 cery in the city of Florence, for the benefit of the Loyal 
 League. Referred to the committe on bar rooms, which is 
 the committee of the whole. 
 
 Mr. Lentz, of Limestone, introduced a bill to compel 
 loyal ministers of the gospel to pray for the damnation of 
 all men outside the radical church. Referred to committee 
 on religion. 
 
 Mr. Jennings, of Lawrence, introduced a bill to allow 
 members to whistle during session hours. Referred to the 
 committee on music. 
 
 Mr. Smith's bill, giving the member from Morgan the 
 right to stick his thumbs in the arm-holes of his vest, and 
 
54 ' 
 
 swagger about, was read the third time and passed, and 
 the member is enjoying his privilege. 
 
 Mr. Hinds introduced a bill which was so artistically 
 written, and so grammatically worded^ and spdled, that no 
 one could read it, not even the Senator himself, after it had 
 dried. The bill passed, and will be sent to China for inter- 
 pretation. 
 
 Mr. Oliver, of Jefferson, offered a resolution to remove 
 Dr. Haughey's conscience, so as to enable him to take the 
 test oath. Mr. Farden thought the bill unnecessary, since 
 Dr. Haughey has no conscience. Referred to committee 
 on perjury. 
 
 Mr. Worthy introduced a bill to strike«out section 4339 
 of the Revised Code of Afabama, and insert in lieu thereof 
 the photographs of Grant and Colfax. Passed. 
 
 A bill authorizing the Governor to commission certain 
 officers in Lowndes county to keep constantly drunk, as a 
 warning to young men, was passed. 
 
 A bill prohibiting the sale of spirituous liquors within 
 two miles of a certain hickory stump, standing near Alfred 
 Collins', was referred to committee on intoxication. 
 
 Mr. Williams offered a resolution declaring it to be the 
 duty of eveiy member to attend divine service at the col- 
 ored church, which was concurred in by both houses, when 
 they adjourned. 
 
 CHAPTER XIII.— Conclusion. 
 
 The history of Radical Reconstruction here in the South 
 shows how the deepest tragedy may sometimes reveal 
 glimpses of the humorous and grotesque, as the edges of 
 the darkest cloud may be occasionally illumined by a gleam 
 of light. The serio-comic illustrations we have presented 
 to the public in our little volume, founded on positive facts 
 and real incidents occurring in the midst of the oppressions 
 and sufferings to which the people of Alabama have been 
 subjected since the close of the war, demonstrate the fact 
 that extremes are inclined to meet, and that there is often- 
 times only a faint line of separation between the tragic and 
 the lidiculous, the terrible and the common-place. 
 
 The people of the United States have some general ideas 
 upon this subject — they know that the Southern States, 
 
55 
 
 after four years of heroic conflict, succumbed to tlie force 
 of overwhelming numbers and almost unlimited resources — 
 that the Southern armies and people surrendered in perfect 
 good faith, and that they have performed the conditions of 
 their capitualion with scrupulous fidelity — that they made 
 haste to abolish slavery, and passed laws protecting negroes 
 in their civil rights— that they annulled their ordinances of 
 secession, and yielded, for all practical purposes, the prin- 
 ciple of State sovereignty — that they submitted with ready 
 cheerfulness to onerous federal taxation — and that they 
 have been patient, law- -abiding, and anxious to assume their 
 old relations in the Union. The armies of the Confederate 
 States threw down their arms simultaneously from one end 
 of the coimtry to the other, without a thought of further 
 resistence. and the scarred officers and soldiers of a hun- 
 dred battles resumed their civil avocations and entered ear- 
 nestly and with entire sincerity on a* new life of peace and 
 industry. 
 
 But while the people of the Southern States freely re- 
 sumed their allegiance to the government and Constitution 
 of the Union, they refused to degrade themselves as base 
 instruments of the wicked radical politicians. This was 
 quite enough to inflame with rage and hatred the cruel and 
 tyrannical hearts of the radical leaders. They resolved to 
 ignore the reconstruction policy of the buried Lincoln, and 
 to quarrel with President Johnson because he resolved to 
 carry out the views of his immediate predecessor. Thus 
 they conceived the idea of torturing a whole people, em- 
 bracing millions of men, women and children, with a pun- 
 ishment more painful and more hideous than was ever be- 
 fore conceived by mortal mind. They resolved to punish 
 alike the guilty and the innocent, and to inflict on a peace- 
 ful and helpless people a political and moral ruin only par- 
 alleled by the physical desolation with which Hyder Ali 
 wasted the Carnatic when endeavoring to check the pro- 
 gress of the British conquests in India. 
 
 The radical Congress, by a series of remorseless decrees 
 enforced by the terrible machinery ef a^ military despotism, 
 sought persistently and deliberately to substitute a " loyal" 
 population of negroes, renegades and adventurers, without 
 property, virtue, or intelligence, — but notoriously deficient 
 in these — as the ruling political constituency in each of the 
 Southe^p States, in the place of that brave and intelHgent 
 white population whose forefathers had bequeathed to them 
 their titles to the soil of the State, and who are by natural 
 
56 
 
 and legal right the true source of political authority in 
 these States. The radical Congress endeavored to accom- 
 phsh this result, by suddenly enfranchising every adult ne- 
 gro in the South, however ignorant and depraved, and by 
 disfranchising, at the same time, tens of thousands of the 
 worthiest and most intellectual of the white citizens. The 
 reconstruction acts were passed — the mihtary satrapies es- 
 tabhshed — the Congressional suffrage was forced by fraud 
 and violence into the States, and the negroes compelled to 
 exercise it at the point of the bayonet — the negro Conven- 
 tions were convened by the Federal Generals in command 
 of the mihtary districts — negroes, cai-pet-baggers, scalla- 
 wags, moss-backs, penitentiary convicts, murderers and 
 thieves, adulterers and bigamists, scoundrels of every shade 
 and degree — white men and negroes, misceginating in the 
 same body — many ignorant of the letters of the alphabet, 
 and the large majority incapable of reading correctly a 
 page of the plainest Enghsh — were gathered together by 
 the soldiers of the Southern Mihtary Dictator to lay the 
 foundations of republican governments after the new radi- 
 cal model. 
 
 While following our business as Reporter for a lead- 
 ing Democratic journal in this city, we daily visited the 
 "Convention," and watched its curious proceedings with a 
 sense of amusement sometimes overcoming a sensation of 
 the profoundest disgust. The occurrences we have repre- 
 sented in our little volume faithfully mark the era of the 
 new radical dispensation, as we witnessed its manifestations 
 in the legislative halls of the State. 
 
 We have desired to give our readers some faint concep- 
 tion of the hideous imposture of Radical Reconstruction— 
 of the cowardly nature which delighted in subjecting the 
 Southern people to insult, impoverishment, and chains — 
 and of the impossibihty of any country enjoying either 
 peace or prosperity, with tens of thousands of formerly 
 industrious laborers converted into idle pohticians, and with 
 universal negro suffrage, the parent of vice, ignorance and 
 pauperism, weighing down the iutelhgence, virtue and pros- 
 perity of every Southern Commonwealth. 
 
 We have been submissive to our fate, and exceedingly 
 patient under the blows of adverse fortune. It is our right 
 to laugh at our tyrants, if we can, and to expose their ig- 
 norance, vulgarities and follies. • 
 
SHULMAN & GOETTER, 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN 
 
 American and Foreign Dry Goods, 
 
 BOOTS & SHOES, 
 
 No. 5 Court Square, Montgomery, Ala., 
 
 JYew York Office: JVo. 4^ Walker Street. 
 
 Attention is inrited to the foregoiilg Card, and to the EXTRAOR 
 DINARY FACILITIES promised by this house. 
 
 We have a buyer, resident iu New York, constantly in the Market. 
 We maintain business connections with the leading Manufacturers of 
 the United States. 
 
 We add to these, an active 'personal experience of TWENTY YEARS 
 in the Trade, and we affirm that the MERCHANT and the CONSUMER 
 can buy Goods of us on terms as advantageous as can be offered by 
 any first class house in the South. 
 
 In addition to a large Stock of DOMESTIC GOODS, embracing all 
 the well known brands in every Department, we keep constantly on 
 hand the most extensive lines in J ■..Ai.m o, jj ; 
 
 Dress Goods, Shawls, Skirts, Mantles, Silks, Flannels, Ho- 
 siery, Blankets, Notions, White and Lace Goods, 
 Gloves, Corsets, Etc., Etc., 
 
 e r»-. i< I ■ M!'>^9no-}i ft Jj;iii3liiedT 
 
 to be found in the State. Buyers are requested toeXaffliiie. • • 
 
 M^" Orders carefully attended to."^^ 
 
 •^- SHULMAN d GOETTER. 
 
JAMES MARKS & CO., 
 
 -AND- 
 
 Commission Merchants 
 
 WE beg leave to inform onr frieuds and the public generally that 
 "we continue the 
 
 • WAREHOUSE AND GENERAL COMMISSION BUSINESS 
 
 in this city. Controlling ample Warehouse Room, second to none in 
 the city, for the storage of COTTON and other MERCHANDISE, we 
 pledge our personal Mtention to all consignments or business entrusted 
 to us. . 
 
 We are prepared to furnish our " Patrons" with 
 
 Plantation Supplies^ 
 
 BAGGING, KOPE, IRON TIES, &C., 
 
 and to make CASH ADVANCES, when desired, either upon Cotton 
 tor sale here or shipments elsewhere. 
 
 Jl®"" Special attention iviU be given to the sale of Cotton in 
 this Market.-^^^ 
 
 Thanking a generous public for past favors, we hope to realize a 
 continuance of their patronage by constantly endeavoring to merit it. 
 
 
 
 JAMES MARKS d CO., 
 
 Montgomery, Ala. 
 
LEHMAN BROS., LEHMAN, ifeWGASB k CO., 
 
 133 Pearl Street, New York, 188 Graviec St., New Orleans. 
 
 •9 
 
 l.M.Mlm.JE. 
 
 COTTON ^ITAREIHOigSEI 
 
 -AND- 
 
 G-eneral Commission Merchants, 
 
 MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA. 
 
 WITH feelings of gratitude, personally, to those who favored us 
 with their patronage the past season, we beg to remind them and the 
 public generally, of the fact that we are prepared, with facilities nnstir- 
 passed in the Southern country, to do the COTTON STORAGE AND 
 GENERAL COMMISSION BUSINESS. 
 
 We will advance BAGGING, ROPE, and IRON TIES, as usual, to 
 those who favor us with their patronage, and make 
 
 LIBERAL CASH ADVAITCES 
 
 On Cotton in Store, or shippad to onr friends in Mobile, New Orleans, 
 New York, or Liverpool. 
 
 We give undivided personal attention to every branch of our busi- 
 ness, and are determined that none of its details, however minute, shall 
 be neglected. 
 
 Considering the many years' experience we have had in the STOR- 
 AGE AND SALE OF COTTON, we flatter ourselves that we shall be 
 able during the ensuing season to discharge with perfect satisfac 
 TiON all the business that may be entrusted to us. We earnestly solicit 
 a liberal share of patronage, 
 
 Lehman, Durr & Co. 
 
 Montgomery, August, 1?68, 
 
COTTON GINS. 
 
 ■rT- 
 
 I HAVE not for years past thought it advisable to trouble the pub- 
 lic with any recommeudation of my COTTON GINS. If, however, the 
 people believe the reports put forth by Northern Gin makers, they 
 would suppose uo Gin but their make was fit to be used by Planters. 
 I do not pretend to say that my Gins are the best iu the world — I leave 
 that for other people to judge. I will, however, state that I have given 
 my attention to the maniifacturing of Cotton Gius the past forty-six 
 years ; during which time I have made about 17,000 Gins. Before the 
 war I made annually 1,500 Gius, and did not till the demand Tear be- 
 fore last I sold about 700, and did not fill near all my orders. All of 
 those Gius have been made in the South, in the vicinity of Cotton 
 Planters. I have made it part of my business to visit Cotton Planters 
 during the Ginning season, and make such alterations and improve- 
 ments as I found necessary, and do not hesitate to say that my Gius are 
 equal to any in use. I do not consider them any worse for being a 
 Southern made article. The proceeds of my labor have been perma- 
 nently invested in the Cotton States, and what little I may accumulate 
 hereafter I expect to invest in the same way. I have a good supply of 
 Gius on hand, and can furnish at a day's notice Gins from 40 to 80 saws. 
 I sell for Cash, or its equivalent. 
 
 I will here remark that I am also making what I call the EUREKA 
 GIN, the most complete and perfect Gin I ever saw. These are calcu- 
 lated for large Planters who make more Cotton than they can save in 
 the usual way of picking. These Gins separate the hulls from the cot- 
 ton, and discharge them at each end of the Cotton Box without being 
 cut by the saws, thereby enabling a hand to pick one-third more cotton 
 per day than they can when they pick it clear of the hulls. I have 
 only sold these Gins to large Planters who use steam or water power. 
 They gin faster than a common Gin, but run some heavier. I was not 
 able to supply the demand for these Gins before the war: since then I 
 have made but few. I, however keep them on hand. I make none less 
 than 65 saws up to 80. I have no traveling agent. All orders will be 
 promptly filled directed to the undersigned at Prattville, Alabama, or 
 to the following Agents : 
 
 J. H. Anderson & Son and Hardman &. Sparks, Macon, Ga. ; Lawler 
 & Dawson, Griffin, Ga. ; Hall, Moses & Co., Columbus, Ga. ; II. C. Hart, 
 Eufaula, Ala.; Lehman, Durr & Co. and James Marks & Co., Mont- 
 gomery, Ala. ; G. W. Wilson, Sehua, Ala. : Sjiear & Co., Mobile, Ala. ; 
 Hale, Murdock & Peters, Colnmbus, Miss. ; McAlister & Wheless, Nash- 
 ville, Tenn. ; G. W. Trueheart, Memphis, Tenn. ; Joseph B. Wolf & Co., 
 New Orleans, La. ; W. Warner, Galveston, Texas ; Heury Scherffins, 
 Houston, Texas; H. P. Lee, Montgomery, Ala. 
 
 DAKIEL PEATT, Maker. 
 
Meyer, Solomon & Co., 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN 
 
 (UNDER LEHMAN, DURB #• CO.) 
 
 HAVE on hand at all times, and at low prices, all snch FANCY and 
 DOMESTIC DRY GOODS as are to be found in the first-class Dry 
 Goods Stores in Southern cities. 
 
 We also keep on liaud a large and select stock of 
 
 QROCERIES, 
 
 For Family or Plantation use, or for Country Stores 
 The Highest Market Prices paid for Cotton. 
 
 
 mm 
 
 GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 
 
 AND 
 
 OOTTO]Sr FA^CTOKS, 
 No. 90 Commerce Street, 
 
 KEEP constantly on hand a heavy stock of everything pertaining to 
 the GROCERY LINE, and PLANTATION SUPPLIES. 
 
 Are Agents of " Shelby Lime Co.," " Roe's Diamond Hams," " Long- 
 worth's Wines," " Wailey's Iron Ties," "Cahaba Coal." 
 
 Are prepared to receive and store COTTON, in Close Storage Ware- 
 house connected with our store. 
 
 Are prepared to make LIBERAL ADVANCES on Cotton and other 
 Product is stor*. ■ >■ 
 
©gglMMlIllMl! 
 
 DEALER IN ALL KINDS OF 
 
 FURNITURE & MATRESSES, 
 
 NO. 36 MARKET STREET, 
 
 CORNER PERRY STREET, MONTGOMERY, ALA. 
 All kinds of Furniture repaired and made to order. 
 
 i. M. NEWMAN. JOHN W. HTJGHES. 
 
 NEWMAN & HUGHES, 
 
 - "'.GBNBRAl. COMMISSIOH 
 
 (Over Farley, Smith & Co.'s Bank,) 
 
 MONTGOMERY, ALA. 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Tobacconists, 
 
 DEALERS IN 
 
 HaiVTO aaAJOoraestic Cigars, Meerschanm Pipes, &c., (fee, 
 COURT SQUAKB, 
 
 (Under Lehman. Durr & Co.'s.) MONTGOMERY, ALA. 
 
 ^P" Orders from the Country or Country Stores promptly filled, at 
 the lowest prices. 
 
 J. ^. ao:isrz^LES, 
 
 OF THE BEST 
 
 ]BAVAHik ^ OOMBSTJC CIGARS. 
 
 Orders from the surrounding country promptly filled, at low prices, 
 to Retailers. Give him a trial. He sells at Northern prices, 
 
 TOBACCO, SNUFF, PIPES, PERFUMERY, AND BLANK BOOKS 
 
WEILL, MOORE &C0., 
 
 .r>COURT STREET, 
 Montgomery^ Alabama^ 
 
 KEEP always on hand a large and select stock Of most elegant 
 Every conceivable kind of 
 
 GROCERIES, 
 
 Either in large or small quantities, for Plantation or Family use, or 
 for COUNTRY STORES, can be obtained 6n most liberal terms. 
 
 ^ We give the HIGHEST MARKET PRICES FOR COTTON, or 
 
 buy and sell on coruniissinn. 
 
 Hannon, Brown & Jones, 
 
 COB. COMMEKCE & BIBB STS., 
 
 mi 
 WHOLESALE & RETAIL GROCERS 
 
 AND 
 
 Oommission IWCerdiants, 
 
 WILL fill all orders in their line, and dispose of G' oceries, Bagging, 
 Rope, Osnaburgs, Twine, «fec., at the very lowest prices. 
 
 Having perfected arrangements by which we shall be enabled to 
 offer our friends and the public some inducements t ship us their crop 
 of Cotton for sale, we respectfully soli ci" their patronage. Our con- 
 nections are such that we can offer the choice of four Markets, viz : 
 
 NEW YORK, NEW ORLEANS, MONTGOMERY or SAVANNAH. 
 
 When shipped by our House we are prepared to make a LIBERAL 
 CASH ADVANCE, which will enable our patrgns to hold, if they 
 choose, for a better price. If this Market is preferred, we shall take 
 great pleasure in serving them here. 
 
^^1 
 
 WHOLESALE GBOCEES, 
 
 .,- ..„. AND 
 
 DSALiSRS m LIQUORS^ 
 
 No. 96 Commerce Street, ' 
 
 WE are prepared to furnish Country Stores with all kinds of tJHO- 
 CERIES, LIQUORS, CIGARS, BAGGING, ROPE, TWINE, and all 
 other articles in the Grocery line, very low for CASH. 
 
 I^° Families supplied on the most accommodating terms, and at the 
 lowest market prices. 
 
 Remember the number — 96 Commerce Street. 
 
 WARREN & BURCH, 
 
 88 Commerce Street, 
 
 ARE now receiving and offer very low for CASH — 
 
 BACON— Clear, Clear Rib Sides, and Shouldefsr''"*'*^^"^"*' ^ 
 
 MAGNOLIA HAMS— (Nery Choice.) 
 
 FLOUR — Plant's, Cowles' Mills, and other well known brands. 
 
 LOUISIANA MOLASSES. 
 
 « 
 
 1500 Boxes Manufactured Toftacco.— Many Chaice and well 
 known brands, with a large assortment of cheap and desirable 
 kinds. i »i. ^ 
 
 WHISKEY— All kinds, and very cheap. lati ail } .') * • 
 
 STGAR, COFFEE, STAR CANDLES, SOAP, &Q., SlQ. 
 
 ^^The above, with many other articles not mentioned, we are offer- 
 ing upon the most reasonable terms for CASH ONLY, and respectfully 
 ask all to examing our stock and proces before purchasing elsewhere. 
 
 ^ _^^ WAfiUm dc BURCH. . 
 
©©BAND m 0#^i 
 
 WHilili&Lil All Klf &I& 
 
 COMMERCE STREET, 
 
 I0iIT^,OM;i,liT, ALABAMA: 
 
 JTtkia 
 
 They now oifer to the Trade — 
 
 250 casks BACON, 
 600 bbls. FHODR— all grades, 
 . 50 hhds. SUGAR, " 
 
 100 bbls. M 'LASSES, 
 75 " WHISKEY, 
 1,250 sacks SALT, 
 20,000 yds. HEAVY INDIA BAGGING, 
 400 coils HEMP ROPE, 
 300 bales IRON TIES, 
 And a heavy stock of everything pertaining to their business. Try 
 thera, when you lay in your supplies. 
 Eecollect— LeGRAND & CO., (Sign of the "Hog,") Montgomery, Ala. 
 
 Ware & Davis, 
 
 i^^^. No. 94 Commerce Street, 
 
 MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealers in 
 
 PLANTATION AND HOUSE-KEEPIN& HAEBWAEE, 
 
 ..Blacksmiths' Tools, Tin Ware, Wood Ware, Etc. 
 
 Also, Importers and Dealers in 
 
 GEATES AND GRATE FIXTUEES— A full supply. 
 
 KEROSENE OIL, LAMPS, &C.— We keep none but the best Oil, and 
 test all we ^i^ll. 
 
 .; 7i*mu. WAEE & DAVIg. 
 
The Veteran Democratic Newspaper 
 
 " 
 
 W. W. SCREWS, 
 
 Editoks. 
 
 ROBERT TYLER,) 
 
 B. H. SCREWS — Local Editoe and Reporter. 
 
 DAILY — One copy one month $ 1 00 
 
 " three months ...'...,. 2 50 
 
 " six months 5 00 
 
 ' ' twelve mouths 10 00 
 
 WEEKLY— One copy three months 1 50 
 
 " sixmonths 2 00 
 
 " twelvemonths 3 50 
 
 Six copies twelve months sent to one postofflce address 20 00 
 
 Ten copies twelve months sent to one postoffice address 30 00 
 
 j^p" Clubs received for six months at the above rates. 
 
 Drugs, Medicines and Chemicals ! 
 
 ON HAND 
 
 Of Pure Drugs and Medicines, Paints, Oils and Dye-Stuffs, Window 
 
 Glass and Putty, Foreign and American Perfumeries^ 
 
 Toilet Soaps, and Fancy Goods. 
 
 All the Popular Patent Medicines, and everything usually found in 
 
 a FIST-CLA6S DKUG HOUSE, which we will sell at the very lowept 
 
 prices. 
 
 BLOUNT, DINGLEY & WEATHERLY, 
 Sign of Negro & Mortar. Montgomery, Ala. 
 
 t^ GALLIGHAl^'S PILLS. 
 
 It you wish a purely vegetable preparation for CHILLS AND 
 FEVER — oue which will completely eradicate the malarial poison 
 from the system, without the aid of Calomel, and one which will give 
 tone and vigor to the constitution, use Gallighan's Pills. They are 
 perfectly reliable, and are used and recommended by the best men of 
 the country. Sold by Druggists everywhere, 
 
 B. F. BLOUNT & CO., Proprietors, 
 
 Montgomery, Ala. 
 
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 
 
 m 
 
 DEALER IN 
 
 MUSIC, PIANOS, MELODEONS, &0., 
 
 SIGN OF THE 
 
 TKAGHERS' KXCHAN^GS^ 
 
 COR. MARKET aND PERRY STREETS, 
 
 IWContg'oixiery, ^A^labama. 
 
 HAS just received irom Boston, New York and Philadelphia, a very 
 large assortment, of BOOKS AND STATIONERY, consisting of School, 
 L :»w, Medical, Theological and Miscellaneous Books of the latest and 
 best Editions. 
 
 STATIONERY. — Cap, Letter, Note, Printing, Drawing and Record 
 Paper, of the very best quality, American, French and English. 
 
 BLANK BOOKS — Medium, Demi and Cajj sizes, Russia ends and 
 bands : comprising Ledgers, JourUals, Day, Cash and Record Books. 
 Meuioijindums, of all sizes. 
 
 MUSIC. — Always ou hand the latest and most fashionable Musio. 
 Songs, Marches, Waltzes, &c. Instruction Books for Pianos, Melode- 
 ons, &c. 
 
 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS— Pianos, Organs, Melodeons, Guitars, 
 Violins, ann other Musical Instruments, from the most celebrated man- 
 ufacturers, pronounced by great artists superior to all others. 
 
 No. 2 1-2 Perry Street, 
 
 DEALERS IN 
 
 Books, Stationery, Music, 
 
 -AND- 
 
The lyevir and Popular Paper! 
 
 ( Established August, 1868. ) 
 
 "DAILY PICAYUNE." 
 
 PubU§;^d ip M_Qntgomery, Alab§.m^.^^ 
 
 rj — ^ 
 
 THOS. G. JONES, H. T. WALKER, Editors. 
 
 THIS HIGHLY POPULAR Journal is devoted to the Agricultural 
 and Domestic Pursuits ot the South, a warm adv^ocate of the Indus- 
 trial Resources of the country, and strictly Independent in the politi- 
 cal matters beariiifj upon the welfare of the South, and the whole 
 country. Daily, $h per annum, or 75 cents per month. 
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS will be inserted at reduced rates. Yearly 
 contracts, or any and all advertising, inserted Cheaper than any pa- 
 per in the South. 
 
 ^W The PICAYUNE is published by an Association of practical 
 printers, who are competent to make it rank with the leading journals 
 of the country. Send and get a copy, at the Low Price ot 75 cents 
 per month. Address 
 
 GEO. J. JOHNSTOX. Business Manager. 
 
 GROCERS, 
 
 AND COmSMISSION MERCHANTS, 
 
 COR, COMMERCE & BIBB STREETS. 
 
 WE keep constantly supplied with such articles as the following : 
 FLOUR, (all grades,) in lArrels and sacks, 
 LOUISIANA MOLASSES, SYRUP, SUGAR, 
 Magnolia and Henry Ames Sc Co.'s SUGAR CURED HAMS, 
 Choice SHOULDERS, LARD and GOSHEN BUTTER, 
 
 BREAKFAST BACON, CLEAR SIDES, .. ,,. 
 
 TOBACCO, all grades, D "^jl A ^ ^"i 
 
 "Greeu Leaf" and " Todd Mills" ROPE, , - f , ^ ^ 
 
 and Kentucky BAGGING, 
 Whaley's IRON TIES, Tennessee CORN, Virginia SALT, 
 WHISKY, all grades, MACKEREL, SALMON, &c. 
 
 EST HIGMJSST MARKET PRICE FAJD FOB GOTTON. 
 
J. & B. Trimble, 
 
 No. 104 Commrce Street, 
 
 MONTGOMERY, ^ ALABAMA, 
 
 KEEP ON HAND 
 
 OUR arrangeiKents are such that we are constantly receiving NEW 
 AND DESIRABLE GOODS, which we offer to our friends at the 
 
 LOWEST MAEKET PSICES. 
 
 We invite all to try us. If we don't treat you well, come again, and 
 FULL RESTITUTION WILL BE MADE. 
 
 il m 
 
 NO. 7 COURT SQUARE, 
 
 (Opposite Artesian Basin,) 
 
 is^03srTa-o:M:EE,-ir, j^TuA.. 
 
 DEALERS IN 
 
 ill Wii 
 
 
 Ha.ts, JBoots a^nd. Shoes. 
 
 OXJR. custom: DEFARTIMEIVT 
 
 Is always supplied with the best Cloths, Cassimeres, Vestiugs, »&c., &c., 
 and made up in the latest styles at short notice. 
 
THOMAS. H. WATTS. DANIEL S. TAoti 
 
 (Successors to Watts, Judge, Jackson & Troy,) 
 
 ATTOENEYS AND COUNSELLOES AT LAW, 
 
 MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA. 
 
 A. J. WALKEB. V. S. MURPHY. JOHN G. WINTEB. 
 
 WALKER. MURPHY &. WINTER, 
 ATTOBNEYS AND COUNSELLORS AT LAW, 
 
 MONTGOMERY. ALABAMA. 
 
 J. T. HOLTZOLAW, 
 
 ATTORNEY AT LAW & SOLICITOR IN CHANCERY, 
 Office on Perry Street, 
 
 MONTGOMERY, ALA. 
 
 ffPTua«Lf iwn y i»^f^gi>ffl Bimii 
 
 tTNO. A. ELMORE. WM. A. GUNTEB. 
 
 ELMORE & GUITER, 
 
 ATTORNEYS & COUNSELLORS AT LAW, 
 
 MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA. 
 
 ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW, 
 
 OFFICE ON COURT SQUABE, 
 
 MONTGOMERY, ALA. 
 
 H. KENNEWOETH, 
 
 Li, Fire, Marine, anfl Maiifl Naviplioii Iismace 
 
 Effected in First-Class Companies. 
 
 OFFICE — Opposite the Exchange Hotel, next door to Morris' Bank. 
 
JOHN EGGER, 
 
 DEALEE IN 
 
 9 
 
 NO. 30 MARKET STREET, MONTGOMERY, ALA. 
 
 Watches and Jewelry of all kinds most carefully Repaired, and "War- 
 ranted. Old Gold and Silver bought at the highest market pride. 
 
 STOELKER & KENNEDY, 
 
 ( At HowjVed's Drug Stoke, ) 
 No. 29 MARKET STREET, MONTGOMERY, ALA. 
 
 Chronometers, Duplexes, and Watches of the finest description Re- 
 paired and Warranted. Diamond Settings, Medallions, Cane Mounting, 
 and all other Jewelry made to order. 
 
 B. ]VI. LETV^Y, 
 
 MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA. 
 
 DEALER IN 
 
 WATCHES, CLOCKS, JEWELY, AND SPECTACLES. 
 
 Repairing done with Neatness and Dispatch. 
 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, VIOLIN AND GUITAR STRINGS, 
 
 On hand at all times. 
 
 JOHN B. GUTTMANN, 
 
 DEALER IN 
 
 Gold & Silver Watches, Silver & Plated Ware, Jewelry, (fee. 
 
 NO. 44 m:a.kk:kt street, r 
 
 ( Haeeis & Hoyt's Old Stand. ) 
 
 MONTGOMERY, ALA. 
 
( LATE MADISON HOUSE, ) 
 
 3I0NTG031FBY, ALABA3IA. 
 
 Select Rooms and Diuing Saloons for Ladles, Families, Public and 
 Private Partie§j^B J- PIZZALA, Proprietor. 
 
 •-^ 
 
 MONTGOMERY HALL. 
 
 THIS OLD AND POPULAR HOTEL is in complete repair, and is 
 prepared to accommodate the Traveliug Public in the good old style of 
 other daj's. The Table is supplied with the best the market affords, 
 Servants attentive, and Charges Lovr. A. E. FULLEB, Agent. 
 
 ( UNDER EXCHANGE HOTEL, ) 
 
 FINEST WINES, BBANDIES, LIQUOBS, CIGABS. 
 
 MEKCHANT'S CLUB. 
 BAR AHO BXI..I^XARO SABOOM. 
 
 D. H. WELLS Proprietor. 
 
 UP STAIRS, OVER 99 COMMERCE STREET. 
 
 n 
 
 i 
 
 ffBT 
 
 NO. 4 COUBT SQUABE. '^ 
 
 The Eest Llpors, Wines, Lager Beer, Cips aiJ Tolacco". 
 
 li ^rY^«^ 
 
 IffO. 32 MARKET STREET^ 
 
 19 
 
 THEATRE BUILDING. 
 
 DIAZ & GILLETT, Proprietors. 
 

 THE LIBRARY OF THE 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA 
 
 ENDOWED BY THE 
 
 DIALECTIC AND PHILANTHROPIC 
 
 SOCIETIES 
 
 F326 
 
!