of t|)e Oniuewitp of il3ortft Carolina bp This book is due at the LOUIS R. WILSON LIBRARY on the last date stamped under "Date Due." If not on hold it may be renewed by bringing it to the library. DATE oi^T^ DUE DATE DUE ^isS \ (0,1 UNIVERSITY OF N.C. AT CHAPEL HILL 00041436124 -•0 ■". ^ ^^^^^ ^^yc /t.(a. l A DIGEST or THE LAWS, DECISIONS, RULES AND USAGES OF THE Independenl Order of Good Templars WITH A BRIEF TREATISE ON PARLIAMENTARY PRACTICE, BY SIMEON B. CHASE, P. R. W. G. T. OF THE RIGHT WORTHY GRAND I.ODGE OF NORTH AMERICA. TENTH EDITION, REVISED AND ENLARGED. PUBLISHED FOR THE AUTHOR BY GARKIGUES BROTHERS, 608 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. 1875. Entered accordins: to Act of Congress, In the year 18f]8, by Simeon B. Chase, in the Office of the Clerk of the District Court of the United States, in and for the Western District of Pennsylvania. PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION. To THE Officers and Members of the Indepen- dent Order op Good Templars in North America : At the last session of the Right Worthy Grand Lodge, held at the city of Indianapolis, in May last, the following Resolutions were adopted, viz : — "Resolved,— That our R. \V. G. Templar, S. B. Chase, be appointed to arrange, prepare and print a Digest of the Rules and Usages of the Order, together with the Decisions of the R. W. G. Lodge, '* Resolved,— That the R. W. G. T. be requested to publish the Constitution and By-Laws of this R. W. G. Lodge, together with the amendments which have been adopted thereto, and have the same printed with the Digest. " Resolved,— That the R. W. G. Templar is hereby permitted to have said Digest and Constitution printed at his own cost, and allowed to retain the proceeds ot* the sale of the same as a full compensation for said services." In obedience to the above resolutions, I have pre- pared a Digest of the Rules and Usages of the Order, / embracing our Constitution, By-Laws, Decisions of ^ the R. W. G. Lodge, R. W. G. Templars, Grand Lodg:es ^ and G. W. C. Templars, and Rules of Order, with a ^ very brief Manual of Practice under them, with a complete index to the whole work. ^ The Constitution and By-Laws, as published with the Journal of our last session, are incorrect in two 4 PREFACE. important particulars : not containing the constitu- tional amendments changing the qualifications of Grand Representatives, and the amendments to our By-Laws, making some changes in our Regalia. I have endeavored to ha\;e these correctly published, so that this work may be safely relied upon as a book of reference. In arranging the decisions emanating from the vari- ous sources of authority in our Order, I have, so far as possible, classified them according to subjects, so that under each head respectively may be found all decisions, from any source, relating to that subject. Among the numerous decisions from Grand Lodges and their presiding officers, many are conflicting, and, of course, very many erroneous, hence I have only given such as I regarded as correct. Although only decisions of the R. W. G. Lodge or R. W. G. Temp- lars are binding, strictly speaking, upon the Order, yet, as only such others are given in this work as are clearly and manifestly proper, and such as would un- doubtedly be given by our highest judicatory, if the question should ever be carried up, any decision con- tained in this work may be safely cited as authority, and should carry with it about the same weight as one made directly by the R. W. G. Lodge. With the Order of Business and Rules of Order, I have given, under the proper places, brief remarks on parliamentary practice, confining myself to such ques- tions as are constantly arising in all our Lodges. It ia hoped the inexperienced presiding officer, as well as floor member, ma}^ experience some aid from thia de- partment of our work. PREFACE. 5 As necessary to an easy and ready reference to the Digest, I have appended a copious index, which, though added at considerable sacrifice of time and la- bor, will, I trust, so increase the value of the w^ork as to more than counterbalance* the labor of its prepa- ration. The Order has long felt the need of some compila- tion of it Rules and Decisions, and though I am fully conscious of the imperfections of the present one, it is the result of my best efiforts to present a work quite up zo the standard contemplated in the resolutions under which I have acted. If it serves to set right a single Good Templar in our land, who has been acting or be- lieving an error, I shall never regret the humble part that has fallen upon me in the premises. S. B. CHASE, E. W. G. Templar, Grsat Bend, Pa., Oct. 1, 1859. PREFACE TO -SECOND EDITION. To ALL Good Templars : At the eighth session of the R. W. Grand Lodge of North America, held at the City of Detroit, in May, 1862, the following recommendation of the Committee on Finance was unanimously adopted: *'In relation to the publication of a new edition of " the Digest, the Committee would recommend that Right Worthy Grand Templar Chase be requeste^l ** to prepare and publish such new edition of the Di- gest as is suggested in his report, in the same man- ** ner as the first edition was published, accompanied "by suitable forms for transacting the business of a *' Subordinate Lodge." Agreeable to the above request from the highest ju- dicatory of our Order, and to meet what appears to be quite a general demand, I have prepared a second edition of the Digest, enlarged, and I trust, improved. Several hundred new decisions by the R. W. G. Tem- plar, R. W. G. Lodge, Grand Lodges and G. W. C. Templars have been added, covering a great variety of questions, and many of them of exceeding interest. I have also given a Ceremony for the Dedication of a Hall, adopted by the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, which is certainly very appropriate. The forms for business are less extended than I wish, but all, the hurried manner in w^hich this edition has been pre- pared, enabled me to give. PEEFACE. 7 The treatise on parliamentary law has not been changed, lest any revision of it might destroy its brev- ity, a very desirable feature. The remarks are based upon the Rules of Order of the R. W. G, Lodge, and the presiding oflS^cer is mentioned as R. W, G. Temp- plar, but the treatise is just as applicable to a Grand or Subordinate Lodge, and in fact, to any public meet- ing for the transaction of business. The first edition, imperfect as it was, has met with success that I had no reason to expect, and I trust this edition may be like successful ih finding its way to public favor. S. B. CHASE, P. M. W. G. Templar. Great Bend Village, Pa., Nov. 1, 1863. \ PREFACE TO TENTH EDITION. To meet what appeared to be a demand of our rapidly progressing Order, the tenth edition of the "Good Tem- plar's Digest is herewith presented. The " Sapplenaents " which had become numerous, and somewhat vexatious to members anxious to find the rulings upon some point in question, have been all embodied in the original work, together with sev- eral hundred new decisions of R. W. G. Lodge, R. W. G. Templar, G. Lodges, and G. W. C. Templars, many of which have never before appeared in any form, acces- sible to the Order. The author is confident that decisions may now be found in this really comprehensive work, upon nearly or quite all questions that will ever arise in our lodge rooms ; and from his own experience in the Order, in the use of the Digest, he believes no well-informed Good Templar will be without it. Again expressing his thanks for the appreciative patronage, which his brothers and sisters have ever given the work, he ventures to hope, for the sake of those who have spent so much time and labor in tho preparation of this edition, that a like generous sup- port may continue to be rendered. S. B. CHASE, P. B. O. W. Templar. Great Bend, Pa, Feb. 1, 1874. ABBREVIATIONS. R.W.G.L., 1st s.— Sess. R.W.G.L., at Cleveland, O., 1855. 2d 8. " *' Louisville, Ky., 1858. *« 8d s. " *' Chicago, 111., 1857. " 4th s. " " Hamilton, C. W., 1858. " 6th s. " " Indianapolis, Ind., 1859, 6th s. " " Nashville, Tenn.. 1860. 7th s. " '* St. Louis, Mo., 1861. «* 8th s. " " Detroit, Mich., 1862. »« 9th s. " " Chicago, 111., 1863. " 10th s. ** " Cleveland, O., 1864. 11th s. " " London, C. W., 18a5. •* 12th s. •* " Boston, Mass., 1866. •* 13th s. " '* Detroit, Mich., 1867. 14th s. ** " Richmond, Ind., 1868, •* 15th s. •* •* Oswego, N. Y., 1869. 16th s. " " St. Louis, Mo., 1870. 17tb s. " Baltimore, Md., 1871. ** 18th s. '* " Madison, Wis., 1872. " 19th s. " London, Eng., 1873. 20th s. " " Boston, Mass., 1874. Wis. 7th s.— Decision made by Grand Lodge of Wisconsin, at its seventh annua), session, held at Osiikosh. Pa. 1st s.— Decision mado by Grand Lodge of Pennsyl- vania, at its first session, held at Mansfield. Can. vol. 16.— Decision made by Grand Lodge of Canada*, at its session in 1862, held at Montreal. The figures following abbreviations denote the page of the published proceedings, on which the decision may be found. Grand Lodges which page their proceedings from commencement, are referred to bv the abbreviation for the State, thus: 111. 103, Mas^. 147. G. T.— Good Templar, a Temperance paper, devoted to the Ordf^r, published by B. H. Mills, G. W. S., St. Louis, Mo. O. P.—" Our Paper/' formeriy published at Chicago, by Cowdery & Jjaw. C. G. T.—" Good Templar," formerly published at Wood- Btock, C. W. ' " Temple Visitor/'published at Cleveland, O., by the Q. L. of that State. THE AUTHORITY OF THE DIGEST. Resolutions Passed by the R. W. G. Lodge, May 25th, 1865. Whereas, difference of opinion has arisen in our jurisdiction, as to what decisions in Chase's Digest are authority, and binding upon the entire order, therefore, Resolved y That all decisions in said Digest, made by the R. W. G. Lodge, any R. W. G. Templar, and any G. Lodge decisions, sustained by the R. W. G. Lodge, on appeal, are binding upon all Grand and Subordinate Lodges, and upon all Good Templars. The decisions of the Grand Lodges and G. W. C. Templars, compiled in this work, are binding upon, and only effect the Lodges under the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge so making them. Such Grand Lodge decisions, outside of the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge making them, are entitled to respectful consideration, and should be consulted as advisory, but are not positively binding. The carefully weighed opinions of P. R. W. G, T. Chase, the author, interspersed among the decisions, and indicated by being given in large type, should re- ceive such consideration as his experience in the Or- der, and their own merit entitle them. CONSTITUTION OF RIGHT WORTHY GRAND LODGE, PREAMBLE. Whereas, at the Annual Session of the Grand Lod^e of North America, held at Ithaca, in December, 1853, it was deemed advisable ttiat upon the institution of five or more Grand Lodges of the L O. of G. T., mea- sures should be taken to organize a National Lodge, and at the session of said Grand Lodge held at Corning, in December, 1854, the proper number of Grand Lodges having been instituted, provisions were made for the organization of a supreme head of the Order ; and be- lieving that the cause of temperance and the interest of this Order will be advanced by organizing such an institution as shall unite under one general head the various organizations of this Order: We, the Repre- rentatives, in Convention assembled, do ordain and make the following form of Constitution, By-Laws and Rules of Order, for the government of this Grand Lodge : ARTICLE 1. Sec. 1. This Lodge shall be known by the name. Btyle and title of the R. W. Grand Lodge of the In- DEPKNDENT OkDER OF GoOD TeMPLARS. Sec. 2. It is the source of the true and legitimate Or- der of Good Templars in North America, and possesses such powers and jurisdiction over the whole Order as are provided in the Constitution and in the Ritual of the same. Its authority extends also to such Lodges 12 R. W. G. LODGE CONSTITUTION. as may be organized under its Charter in foreign countries. Sec. 3. By virtue of Cliarters granted by it, all State, District, and Territorial Grand Lodges exist, and with it rests the power, by a majority of two-tliirds of the votes cast, to deprive sueii State, District, o^ Terri- torial and Provincial Grand bodies of their Charters, and annul their autliority ; Provided, that such depri- vation or annulment shall only be made for violation of the laws of this K. W. Grand Lodge. No more than one Grand Lodge shall be chartered in any State, District, or Territory. All Grand bodies working un- der charters granted by this Grand Lodge are supreme for all local legishition'and appellate jurisdiction with- in their respective limits, except as hereinafter pro- vided. Sec. 4. With the consent of the Grand Lodge of a State, District or Territory, an appeal may be had by an/ Subordinate Lodge to this R. W. Grand Lodge, such consent, however, not being necessary where an ex- pelled Lodge, after having surrendered up to its Grand Lodge all its effects, appeals from the decision thereof. But in all cases the decision of the State, District, Ter- ritorial, Provincial or Country Grand Lodges shall be final and conclusive, until reversed by this Grand Lodge on a direct appeal thereof. Sec. 6. To this Grand Lodge belongs the power to reg- ulate and control the unwritten work of the Order, and to fix and determine the customs and usages in regard to ail things which appertain thereto; and to it alone belongs the power to provide and establish suitable lectures and other written work therefor. But the un- written work of the Order shall in nowise be altered or amended except with the concurrence of four-fifths of the members present of this Grand Lodge at its an- nual session. Sec. 6. To this Grand Lodge is reserved the power to establish the Lidependent Order of Good Templars in such countries, domestic or foreign, wherein the same has not been established. Sec. 7. To this Grand Lodge belongs the immediato jurisdiction over all subordinate Lodges in such coua- R. W. G. LODGE CONSTITUTION. 13 tries, domestic or foreign, as are without Grand Lodges. Sec. 8. To it belongs the power to enact all laws of general application to the order. Sec. 9. All power and authority in the Order not re- served to this Grand Lodge by this Constitution, are truly vested in the various State, District and Territo- rial Grand Lodges. AKTICLE IL This Grand Lodge shall be composed of its OflBlcers and Representatives, and Past Officers and Representa- tives, from the several State, District, Territorial, Pro- vincial and Country Grand Lodges, working under legal and unreclaimed charters granted by the Grand Lodge. ARTICLE III. Sec. 1. The elective Officers of this Grand Lodge shall be R. W. Grand Templar, R. W. Grand Counsel- lor, R. W. Grand Vice Templar, R. W. Grand Secre- tary, R. W. Grand Treasurer, who shall be elected by ballot by a majority of all the votes cast annually at the stated session of this Lodge, and shall bo installed into their respective offices immediately after their election. Sec. 2. The appointed officers of the Grand Lodge shall be, R. W. G. Chaplain, R. W. G. Marshal, R. W. G. D. Marshal, R. W. G. I. Guard, R. W. G. O. Guard, who shall be nominated by the R. W. G. T., and if ap- proved of by the Grand Lodge, shall be installed into their respective offices immediately after the installa- tion of the elective officers. Sec. 3. Should any of the elective officers fail to ap- pear to be installed at the time provided, the particular office or offices shall be declared vacant, and the Grand Lodge shall, in the event, proceed to a new election to fill such vacancy or vacancies, and the officer or offi- cers so elected shall be accordingly installed. Sec. 4. It shall be the duty of the officers, both elec- tive and appointed, to attend each meeting of the Grand Lodge, and perform such duties as are enjoined by tho 14 R. W. C. LODGE CONSTITUTION. laws and regulations of the Order, and such as may be required by the presiding officer, and shall receive such corape'nsation as hereinafter provided. Sec. 5. All members shall be eligible to office and vote on all questions, except the election of officers, and when the yeas and nays are called, and shall be permitted to take part in the proceedings and debates of this Grand Lodge. ARTICLE IV. Sec. 1. The R. W. G. T. shall preside at all meetings of the Grand Lodge, preserve order and enforce the laws thereof. He shall have the casting vote whenever the Lodge shall be equally divided, other than upon a ballot for officers, but shall not vote on any other oc- casion. He shall appoint all committees not required to be raised by ballot, and all District Deputy Grand Templars for States, Districts, Territories or Countries where there is no Grand Lodge. During the recess of this Grand Lodge, he shall have a general superintendence of the interests of the Order. He may hear and decide such appeals as may be sub- mitted to him by the several State Grand Lodges, or by Subordinate Lodges under the immediate jurisdic- tion of this Grand Lodge. He may hear and decide such questions other than questions arising out of the Con- stitution of the several fState, District, Territorial, h rovin- cialor Country Grand Lodges as may be submitted to him by the several State,District, Territorial, Provincial or Country Grand Lodges, or the Grand Worthy Chief Templars thereof, or by the Grand Representatives, or by the Subordinate Lodges under the immediate juris- diction of this Grand Lodge. And his decision in all appeals and questions so submitted to him shall be binding on the Lodges or persons submitting the same, until reversed by this Grand Lodge. He is em- powered to receive petitions and grant charters for the opening of Grand or Subordinate Lodges, and all char- ters so granted by him shall be of force until recalled by this Grand Lodge. At every annual session of this Grand Lodge he shall make a report in writing of aii E. W. a. LODGE CONSTITUTION, 16 his acts and doings, including all his official decisions during the recess in relation to the official business transacted by him. Sec. 2. During his term of service he shall not hold any office in any State, District, Territorial, Provincial or Country Grand or Subordinate Lodge. Sec. 3. In case of the removal of the R. W. G. T. from office, or of his death, resignation or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the R. W. G. Counsellor for the unexpired term, and in case of the death, removal, resignation or inability of both R. W. G. T. and R. W. G. C, the duties of the office shall devolve upon the R. W. V. T., and the Grand Lodge at the first session succeeding thereto shall proceed to elect and install a R. W. G. T. and R. W. G. C. for the unexpired term. ARTICLE V. The Right Worthy Grand Counsellor shall open and close the meetings of the Grand Lodge, support the R. W. G. T. by his counsel and assistance, and preside in his absence. In case of the removal, death or resig- nation of the R. W. G. T., the powers and duties of said office shall devolve on the R. W. G. C. for the un- expired term, as provided in Sec. 3 Art. IV. , ARTICLE VI. The R. W. V. T. shall assist the R. W. G. T. in con- ducting the business of the Grand Lodge, he shall have special charge of the door, and in the absence of the R, W. G. T. and R. VV. G. C, he shall preside, and in case of a vacancy in both these offices, he shall perform the duties of R. W. G. T.. as provided in Sec. 3, Art. IV. ARTICLE VIL The R. W. G. Secretary shall make a just and true re- cord of all the proceedings of the Grand Lodge in a book provided for that purpose, keep the journal of all secret sessions, and preserve and keep the evidences of the unwritten work of the Order, and such alterations as may from time to time be made therein, and ail othei 16 a. W. G. LODGE CONSTITUTION. records pertaining to the work of the Order, and the explanations and lectures relating thereto ; summon the members to attend all special meetings ; keep ac- counts between the Grand Lodge and the Grand and Subordinate Lodges under its jurisdiction ; receive all moneys belonging to this Lodge, and pay the same to R. VV. G. T. without delay, taking a receipt for the same; read all petitions, reports and communications; carry on, under the direction of the Grand Lodge or R. W. G. T., its correspondence, and transact such business of the Grand Lodge, appertaining to his office, as may be required of him by the Grand Lodge. All cominiinications transmitted or received by him offi- cially shall be laid before the Grand Lodge. He shall receive for his service such compensation as the Grand Lodge shall, from time to time, determine. ARTICLE VriL Sec. 1. The Grand Treasurer shall keep the moneys and all the evidences of debt, choses in action, deeds, &c., of the Grand Lodge, and pay all orders drawn on him by the R. W. G. T., attested by the Grand Secre- tary, and under the seal of the Grand Lodge. He shall day before the Grand Lodge, at its stated annual ses- sion, a full and correct statement of his accounts. Be- fore bis installation, he shall give a bond, with two sureties, to the Grand Lodge, in suchstim as may from time to time be fixed, and shall receive such compen- sation as the Grand Lodge shall determine. Sec. 2. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by the Grand Lodge. ARTICLE IX. Sec. 1. The Grand Chaplain shall perform such du- ties as appertain to his ofhce, and as may from time to time be required by the Grand Lodge relative thereto. Sec. 2. The Grand Marshal shall assist the R. W. G. T. in performing his duties in such manner as he may from time to time be required, and perform all the du- ties generally appertaining to his office. R. W. G. LODGE CONSTITUTION. 17 Sec. 3. The R. W. G. D. Marshal shall perform such duties as appertain to his office. Sec. 4. The R. W. G. Guards shall perform suet duties as are required of them by the laws and usages of the Order, ARTICLE X. Sec. 1. The Grand Representatives shall he chosen by the several State, District, Territorial, Provincial and Country Grand Lodges, for the term of one year. And if vacancies occur by death, resignation or other- wise, during the recess of the Grand Lodge of any State, District, Territory or Country, such vacancies shall bo filled in the manner pointed out by the Con- stitution of such State, District or Territorial Grand Lodge. Sec. 2. The basis of representation shall be as follows, viz. : Every State, District, Territorial or Country Grand Lodge, having under its jurisdiction less than one thousand members, one representative ; one thousand to five thousand members, two representatives ; five thousand to ten thousand members, three representatives ; ten tliousand to twenty-five thousand members, four representatives, and one additional represent- ative forj every additional twenty-five thousand members. No State, District, Territorial or Country Grand Lodge shall have more than eight representatives. Sec. 3. A Grand Representative must be a member of a Subordinate Ijodge in good standing; he must have received the third degree, and be in possession of the Grand Lodge degree; he must reside in the State, District, Territory, Province or Country where the Grand Lodge he represents is located. No represen- tative shall represent more than o^e Grand body at the same time. Sec. 4. Grand Representatives shall be furnished by the Grand body they represent with such certificates as shall be required by law. Skc. 5. In case of contested elections, this Grand Lodge shall determine to whom the contested seat be- longs. ARTICLE XL Sec. 1. This Grand Lodg.e shall have the power, a 2 18 R. W. a. LODGE CONSTITDTION. majority consenting thereto, to impeach and try any of its officers or members, and with the concurrence of two-tliirds of the votes cast, to expel from officership or membership therein any officer or member so im- peached and tried. Sec. 2. During the trial of any impeachment, the o nicer or mem beur under impeachment shall be de- barred from the exercise of his office or the privilege of his membership, but may bo heard in his own de- fence. Sec. 3. Suspension or expulsion from the Subordi- nate Lodge of which an officer or member of this Grand Lodge is a member, shall ipso facto work a suspension from officership or membership in this Grand Lodge, and the vacancy thereby created shall be filled in the manner hereinbefore described. *' AKTICLE XIL This Grand Lodge shall meet annually on the fourth Tuesday in May, at 10 o'clock, a. m., at such place as the Grand Lodge may from time to time determine. It may also meet on its own adjournment. It may also rneet specially on the call of the R. W. G. T., of which he shall cause one month's notice to be given to the represejitatives of the several State, District, Terri- torial, Provincial or Country Grand Lodges, commu- nicating to them the purpose far which' the special meeting is called, and in no case shall any business be transacted at a special meeting, unless notice thereof has been given, as above stated ARTICLE XIIL Sec. 1. Representatives from a majority of the whole number of State, District, Territorial, Provincial and Country Grand Lodges shall be necessary to forrn a quorum for the transaction of business, but a smaller number may *iadjourn from day to day, and may re- ceive and act upon the credentials of new members, except in contested elections. Srj. 2. This Grand Lod'j:e shall be the judge of the certifiodfces, or returns and qualifications of its mem- bers. B. W. G. LODGE CONSTITUTION. 19 Sec. 3. It may determine the rule of its proceedinprs and from time to time adopt such rules of order as it may see fit. Sec. 4. A journal of its proceedings shall be kept, and published annually, except such Droceedings as shall be had in secret session. Sec. 5. Voting for officers shall be by ballot, and should there be more than two candidates for the same office after the second ballot, the candidate on each subsequent balloting having the lowest number of votes shall be dropped until an election is made. Sec. 6. All other voting shall be viva voce or by yeas and nays, as the Grand Lodge may require ; the yeas and nays may be demanded by one-'fifth of the members present, and shall be entered upon the journal. Sec. 7. All questions shall be decided by a majority vote, except in such cases as a specific majority is re- quired. ARTICLE XIV. Sec. 1. The revenues of this Grand Lodge shall be as follows : Fees for Charters for Grand Lodges or Sub- ordinate Lodges working under its immediate juris- diction, viz : S15 for Grand Lodge Charters and Rituals, $8 for Charters, Rituals and Cards for Subordinate Lodges, and 83 for Charters, Rituals and Cards for Degree Temples. Sec. 2. Dues from State, District or Territorial Grand Lodges, ^30 per annum for each vote they shall be en* titled to in this Grand Lodge, provided^ that Grand Lodges with a membership less than two thousand shall only be required to pay 830. Sec. 3.*'Dues from Subordinate Lodges, working under the immediate jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, five cents per capita, to be paid quarterly. Sec. 4. Proceeds of the sales of books,*^ cards, diplo- mas, odes and certificates. ARTICLE XV. Sec. 1. To be an officer of this Grand Lodge, one nominated must have received the Grand Lodge de- gree, and be a member in good standing of a Subordi- nate Lodge. Sec. 2. Candidates for the several elective officers 20 R. W. G. LODGE CONSTITUTION. may be nominated by the State, District, Territorial. Provincial or Country Grand Lodges or by the Grand Representatives. Sec. 3. The nominations and election of Grand offi- cers shall take place on the same day, to wit : the second day of the annual sessions. The nominations for each office shall be immediately succeeded by the election for the same, and before the nominations and elections for the next office. ARTICLE XVL Sec. 1. The members of this Order from each State, District, Territory, Province or Country, under juris- diction of this Grand Lodge, shall be entitled to admis- sion into the Lodges of every other State, District, Territory, Province or Country, upon proving them- selves according to the established work of the Order, and the production of a proper card. Sec. 2. No citizen of one State, District, Territory, Province or Country wherein Lodges are established, shall be admitted to membership in a Lodge of another State, District, Territory or Province or Country, with- out the previous consent of the Grand Lodge of the State, District or Territory whereof such citizen is a resident. Sec. 3. A member of the Order, suspended from a Lodge in any State, District, Territory, Province or Country, shall not be admitted to membership in a Lodge of another State, District, Territory, Province or Country, without the previously obtained consent of the Lodge from which he is suspended. Sec. 4. All persons becoming members of this Order shall be req[uired to subscribe to the following pledge, viz : That they will not make, buy, sell or use, as a beverage, any spirituous or malt liquors, wine or cider, and will discountenance the manufacture and sale thereof in all proper ways. ARTICLE XVIL The officers and members of this Grand Lodge, (ex- cept such officers as receive stated salaries,) shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascor- E. W. a. LODGE BY-LAWS. 23 tained by law, and paid out of the treasury of this Grand Lodge, ARTICLE XVIIL By-Laws in conformity with this Constitution may be made, which shall not be altered or amended, un- less such amendment shall be, proposed at a stated annual session, and acted upon at the same session, but not on the day on which it is offered, and adopted by two-thirds of the votes given, ARTICLE XIX. This Constitution and the By-Laws which shall be made in pursuance thereof, shall be the supreme law of the Order, and shall be binding upon the State. District, Territorial, Provincial and Country Grand Lodges under the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodgec ARTICLE XX. This Constitution shall not be altered or amended, except a proposition therefor be made in writing, signed by one or more Representatives f^-om three dif- ferent Grand Lodges, and entered upon the journal, at a regular Annual Session. At the next reguiar An- nual Session, after being so offered, such nroposition shall be considered, and shall be subject to amend- ment, alteration or postponement by a majority vote of the Representatives present ; and upon its final passage, if agreed to by two-thirds of the Representa- tives present, on a call of the yeas and nays, such proposition or amendment thereof, shall become pari of this Constitution. BY-LAWS. Article 1. Upon the petition of ten members of the Order, or ten respectable citizens of any town or place, praying for a charter to open a Subordinate I 22 R. W. G. LODGE BT-LAWS. Lodge in a State, District, Province, Country or Terri- tory where there has not been establislied a Grand Lodge, this Lodge may grant the same. Eaeli Subor- dinate Lodge receiving a ('barter from tlie Grand Lodge, shall be opened by a member regularly depu- tized tiierelor by the R. W. G. T., who shall deliver to such Lodge the Charter and Charge Books, and shall, at tlie opening thereof, give the necessary instruction. Such Lodge shall be visited at least once a year by the 11. W. G. T., or by a District Deputy G. T. Art. 2. Subordinate Lodges working under the im- mediate jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, shall trans- mit to tlie Grand Secretary quarterly reports, contain- ing the same information as is required from Grand Lodges by Art. 8 of these By-Laws. The report shall be accompanied by the dues in current money. Art. 3. Ten or more Subordinate Lodges, located in any State, District, Province, Country or Territory, where a Grand Lodge has not been established, may petition this Grand Lodge in writing, praying for the charter of a Grand Lodge, which, if approved by a Tuajority of the votes given, shall be granted, and such (ilrand Jjodgo shall be opened by tlie R. W. G. T., or by some qualilied brother, who shall be specially depu- tized for that purpose. Art. 4. All travelling or other expenses incurred in opening a Grand or Subordinate Lodge, shall be paid by such Lodge. Art. 5. Applications for Grand or Subordinate Lodges shall be accompanied by the fee for the same, which shall be returned if the charter is not granted. Art. 6. Each Grand Lodge shall have a Grand Seal; an impression thereof, in wax, or an electrotype thereol, shall be sent to the R. W. G. Secretary, and deposited in the archives of this Lodge. Art. 7. The Constitution of each Grand, and By- Laws of each Subordinate Lodge, chartered by this Lodge, im^iediately on its adoption, shall be forwarded to this Lodge for approval. Art. 8. Annual returns shall be made by each G. L. under the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, in which R. W. Q. LODGE BY-LAWS. 23 they shall give the names of Grand Officers ; and 1st, number last report ; 2d, number initiated ; 3d, admitted by card ; 4th, restored ; 5th, retired on clearance cards ; 6th, withdrawn from the Order ; 7th, suspend- ed ; 8th, expelled ; 9th, deaths; 10th, full degree mem- bers ; 11th, in good standing. Said returns shall be made to the R. W. G. Secretary, at least one month previous to the annual meeting of this body, and shall be accompanied with the dues thereon, in money cur- rent at par in the place where the meeting of this body is to be held. Art. 9. No person shall, at the same time, hold membership in more than one Grand or Subordinate Lodge, nor shall any Lodge initiate a person who has been elected a member of a sister Lodge, or confer the degrees on members of other Lodges, without the con- sent of such Lodges, given under its seal. Art. 10. Whea a Grand Lodge shall be duly char- tered in any State, District, Territory, Province or Country, all the Lodges in said District, State, Terri- tory, Province or Country working under the juris- diction of this Grand Lodge, shall thereafter be de- clared subordinate to, and under the jurisdiction of, the Grand Lodge of the state. District, Territorv, Province or Country in which they are located, and no Lodge situated in one State, District, Territory, Province or Country, can be made subordinate to the Grand Lodge of any other State, District, Territory, Province or Country. Art. 11. No member can be allowed to visit a Lodge out of the State, District, Territory, Province or Country where he resides, unless he presents a certifi- cate or card under the signature of the officers and the seal of the Lodge of which he is a member, and signed on the margin in his own proper hand-writing, and prove himself in the T. P. W., and in the degree in which the Lodge is open. Provided, nevertheless, a member may always visit if introduced by a Grand Rep- resentative or other elective Grand Officer, or vouched for by a member of the Lodge he proposes to visit.* * Contrary to this article, Indiana (5lh s., 14) and some other Grand Lodges, have decided that vouching fur membertj is not known in out 24 B. W. O. LODGE BY-LAWS. Art. 12. At each annual session, the R. W. G. T. sliall appoint in each State, District, Territory, Pro- vince and Country in which there is not a Grand Lodge, an officer to be styled D. D. G. W. T., whoso duty it shall be to act as the special agent of this Grand Lodge in relation to the matters herein specified, viz : 1st. To act for the R. W. G. T., and by his direction perform whatever may have been ordered to be done by the Grand Lodge in the particular district for which he is approved. 2d. To act as the representative of this Grand Lodge, and perform all such matters relating to the Order in his district as the R. W. G. T. shall direct. 3d. To obey all special instructions of the R. W. G. T. in relation to anything that officer is required to do for the good of the Order. 4th. To act as the agent of the Grand Secretary, and obey the special instructions of that officer. 5th. To have general supervision over all Subordi- nates (in his district) which work under charters granted by this Grand Lodge. 6th. To make quarterly reports of his acts and doings to R. W. G. T. His decisions of law and order shall be binding upon Subordinates, until reversed by R. W. G. T. or this Grand Lodge. 7th. He shall in no case interfere as an officer of this Grand Lodge with State Grand Lodges. 8th. To qualify a brother for the appointment of D. D. G. T., he must be a contributing member of a Sub- ordinate Lodge, and must have attained the rank of P. W. C. T., or be able to pass a satisfactory examina- tion in the work of the first, second and third degrees. His appointment shall be for one year, but may be re- voked for cause at any time by the R. W. G. T- 9th. The Deputy instituting a new Lodge, shall ap- point a suitable person as Deputy for said Lodge, and Order, and that W. C. T's, should never allow it. Such Grand Lodges must have strangely lost sight of this By-Law, to make so unconstitu- tional a decision. Such decisions are null and void, unless they confine their operations to visiting Lodges within the jurisdiction of the Grand Ijbdge so making them. In such case, the decision is legal and bind- ing, as Grnnd I/odges can control and regulate visiting between Lodgea and members of their own jurisdiction. — R. W. G. T. Chasb, R. W. G. LODGE BY-LAWS. 25 shall report his name to the R. W. G. S. with the insti- tution returns. Art. 13. Tiie Representatives of each Grand Lodge shall be examined by the W. G. M. as to their qualiti- catious for the oliiee, previous to taking seats in this Grand Lodge, and on taking their seats, each shall be furnished by the Grand Secretary with a copy of the Constitution, Rules of Order, and Laws of the Grand Lodge. Art. 14. Each Grand Lodge shall furnish its Repre- sentatives all documents and papers necessary in the discharge of the duties of their office. Art. 15. Each Grand Lodge shall be furnished with one hundred copies of the proceedings of this R. W. G. L., and as many more as they have Subordinate Lodges under their jurisdiction. Art. 1G. All dues and moneys for this Grand Lodge shall be paid to the Grand Secretary, and by him be paid over to the Grand Treasurer, taking his receipt for the same. It shall be the duty of the R. W. G. S. on the first day of the session of this R. W. G. L., to make a fujl and complete written report of the num- ber of Subordinate Lodges working under the juris- diction of this Grand Lodge, and where located ; the name and number of Grand Lodges; the number of Subordinate Lodges under the jurisdiction of each Grand Lodge, together with all his othcial and finan- cial acts. Art. 17. ^^o Grand or Subordinate Lodge under the ).urisdiction of this Grand Lodge, shall adopt or use, or sutler to be adopted or used in their jurisdiction, any other charges, lectures, degrees, ceremonies, forms of installation or regalia, than those prescribed by this Grand Lodge. All sessions of Grand and Subordinate Lodges shall open and cloi^e with prayer. Art. 18. — ^ 1. F'orm. The Resnlia of this order shall be collars about twenty-two inches in length, maxi- mum^ and about sixteen inches, ??i mnmv/m, Harrow at the neck, and wide at the bottom, with tlie outer cor- ner rounded otf. 26 R. W. G. LODGE BY-LAWS. ? 2. Colors. The first or initiatory degree, shall b& white. The second or degree of Fidelity^ shall be blue. The ^Aird or degree of Charity^ shall be purple. Offi- cers of Sab-Lodge^ scarlet^ with ^ace or fringe. Officers of Degree-Lodge or Temple, purple. Deputies, purple. The Grand Lodge Degree shall be scarlet. Officers and Members of the R. W. G. Lodge, scarlet^ with a small imrple collar, or band attached. § 3. Rosettes. The Rosette of this Order shall be white groundy blue and scarlet centre, with yellow atar, or button. ? 4. Emblems. Official Emblems^ in all branches of the Order, shall be a gilt wreath^ enclosing silver letters^ on blue or purple ground, designating the official title of the wearer ; worn on the left breast. Representatives may wear the number of their Lodge, or the abbreviated names of the State from which they are sent, on the right breast. It shall be discretionary to use the emblems or not. ^ 5 Trimmings. Initiatory, or first degree regalia, re^ quires no other than the rosette, but if other trim- mings are desired, they should be of while or silver. For second degree, or blue regalia, silver^ and for third degree, or purple, gilt, and for Officers of Sub- Lodge, either gilt or silver. For Officers of Degree Lodge, or Temple, and for all Deputies, G, Lodge and R. W. G, Lodge regalia, gilt trimming shall be used. The quality and amount of trimming shall be left to the taste or option of the Lodges or members. But Deputies, Q. Lodge and R. W. G. Lodge regalia, shall be fully trimmed with lace, stars or embroidery, emblems, fringes 9.nd tassels. All members sliall be entitled to wear, in any meeting of the Order, the regalia of the highest degree, or posi- tion, to which they have attained. Art. 19. Tiie R. W. G. T. shall appoint the following committees, to consist of three members : Committee on State of the Order, Legislative Committee, Com- mittee on Correspondence, Committee on Finance, on Appeals, Constitutions. Petitions, Credentials, Returns, Printing, Mileage and Per Diem, and such Special Committees as are authorized by the Grand Lodge and not otherwise provided for. E. W. G. LODGE BY-LAWS. 27 Art. 20. The T. P. W. is designed only for the use of members who are traveling beyond the limits of the jurisdiction to which they belong, and in order that each member may be properly instructed in it, and visiting members properly examined, the three highest elective ofiQ.cers of a Lodge are to be privately put in possession of the word at the time of their in- stallation, that they may be qualified either to give or receive it. The G. W. C. T. and G. W. C. and G. W. V. T. and the regular D. D. G. 0. T. should also be in possession of it. Art. 21. The fiscal year of this Grand Lodge com- mences on the first day of May, in each year. Art. 22. The Charters of all Subordinate Lodges im- mediately under the jurisdiction of this Lodge, which fail to make their returns for one year, shall be for- feited, and whenever such remissness snail occur, the R. W. G. T. shall take proper means to enforce this law. Art. 23. This Grand Lodge will neither entertain nor consider any inquiry as to what are the laws and usages of the Order, unless the same be brought be- fore the body by an appeal from the decision of a Lodge, or unless the same be presented by a Grand Lodge. 4 ■ Constitutions for Grand and Sub- ordinate Lodges. AUTHORITY. The following is the uniform Constitution adopted at the session of K. W. G. Lodge, held at Detroit, May^ 1867, for Grand and Subordinate Lodges, which, according to the vote of that body, is to be the funda- mental law for all Grand Lodges hereafter organized, and Subordinate Lodges under the jurisdiction of such Grand Lodges, as well as for all Subordinate Lodges un- der the immediate jurisdiction of the R. W. G. Lodge: also to be in force within the jurisdiction of all Grand Lodges heretofore organized, whose Grand bodies have not procured a supply of printed Constitutions for their Grand and Subordinate Lodges. Grand Lodges now in existence are invited to examine it, and adoDt the same, if receiving their approval. GENERAL RULES. To avoid ambiguity of expression, the masculine form of the pronoun is used in the following pages, and generally in all Good Templar publications, but it is in all cases to be construed as referiing to either sex, according to circumstances. No person can be admitted to membership in this Order, unless he believes in the existence of Almighty God as the Ruler and Governor of all things, and is willing to take our pledge for life ; under this rule we welcome all classes to our Order. The young — that we may save them from falling into the snares of the tempter ; the inebriate, who earnestly desires to reform — that we «aay assist him to break the chains of appe- tite that bind him to the car of ruin; the moral and BOGial— that, by uniting all these elements of society, we may thft better advance the cause of Temperance and morality. Constitution of the Grand Lodge. ART. I.— NAME, JURISDICTION, MEMBERSHIP. Sec 1, Name. — This Lodge shall be entitled, the Good Templars. Sec. 2. Jurisdiction. — This Grand Lodge shall have jurisdiction over all Subordinate Lodges and. Degree Temples of Good Templars now existing, or which may hereafter exist in the of . It shall have the sole right and power to grant, suspend, or re- voke charters ; to originate and regulate the means of its own support, and to receive and decide appeals, and determine all questions of law and usage, subject to the R. W. G. Lodge of North America. SEa 3. The Members of this body shall be its oflBlcera and past officers, representatives and past representa- tives, who are contributing members of the several Lodges subordinate to this Grand Lodge, and who liave taken the Grand Lodge Degree, and been admit- ted, as required by this Constitution. Sec. 4. The Basis of Representation may be regulated by this Grand Lodge in its By-Laws ; but, in the absence of such express provision, each Subor- dinate Lodge shall be entitled to one Representative. Alternate Representatives may be chosen, (if desired.) under such rules as may be prescribed by the Grand Lodge in its By-Laws. Sec. 5. Election and time of Service.— The regu- lar election of Representatives shall be held at the first regular meeting in the quarter during wbir»h the an- nual session of the Grand Lodge is held. Written bal- Grand Independent Order of 80 CONSTITUTION OF GRAND LODGE. lots shall be used, and a majority of all votes cast shall be necessary to a choice. If the Lodge fail to elect si the regular time, or if vacancies occur, or a Lodge ia entitled to additional Representatives previous to any session, an election may be had at any regular meeting within four weeks of such session. The regular term of service shall be one year; but those elected to fill vacancies, and such additional Representatives as may oe elected prior to other than annual sessions, shall serve only until the next annual election. No Lodge can be represented by any but its own members, and a transfer of membership shall vacate a Representa- tive's seat. Sec.6. Privileges of the Grand Lodge.— All acting and past W. C. T.'s, acting and past W. V. T.'s, and all Deputies of the G. W. C. T., shall be entitled to the G. L. Degree, and all the privileges of membership in this G. Lodge, except voting, provided that they are in good standing in their several Lodges, and present the proper credentials. Sec 7. Credentials. — All Representatives shall re- ceive a regularly attested certificate of election to this body. All members entitled to the G. L. Degree, under Sec. 6, shall receive a certificate of services in their respective offices from the Lodge in which said services were rendered, and this shall be their proper credentials entitling them to seats in this Lodge, and the G. W. C. T.'s commission shall be the requisite credentials of deputies. But no Representatives or non-voting members can be admitted, unless they are full Degree members, and in possession of the current quarterly pass-word. Seo, 8. Voting.— All members under Sec. 8, of this Article, shall, be eligible to office, and vote on all ques- tions except the election of officers, and when the yeas and nays are called, on which occasions Eepresentatives only vote, and shall be permitted to take part in the proceedings and debates of this Grand Lodge. The yeas and nays may be demanded on any question, by one-fifth of the members present. ARTICLE II. — sessions. Sec. 1. The Annual Session of this Lodge shall commence on the day of in each year, at — GRAND LODGE CONSTITUTION. 31 o'clock, A. M., at such place as the G. Lodge shall havb designated. Hpecial meetings may be called by the G. IS., when ordered by the G. W. C. T., and shall be so called, on written application of members representing at least one- fifth of all the Lodges working under legal and unreclaimed charters in any jurisdiction. No session shall be opened for general business, unless at least seven Lodges are represented ; but a smaller number may open, act on the credentials of members, confer the Grand Lodge Degree, and adjourn from time to time, until a quorum shall be present. ARTICLE III— OFFICERS. Sec 1. The Officers of this Lodge shall be, 1st, Grand Worthy Chief Templar ; 2d,Graiid Worthy Coun- sellor ; 3d, Grand Vice Templar ; 4th, Grand Secretary ; 5th, Grand Treasurer ; 6th, Grand Chaplain ; 7th, Grand Marshal; 8th, Grand Guard; 9th, Grand Senti- nel ; 10th, Assistant Grand Secretary ; 11th, Deputy Grand Marsl^al. The y?r6^ five shall be elected by the Lodge ; the Cth and 7th appointed by the G. W. C. T. elect; the 8th and 9th by the G. V. T. elect ; the others by the officers they assist. The G. W. C. T. may also appoint a Grand Messenger, when desired by the G. Lodge ; he shall also appoint, from time to time, such full Degree members tor State, District, County, Spe- cial and Lodge Deputies, as the interests of the order may seem to require. Sec. 2. The Regular Election of Grand Officers shall be by ballot, on the second day of each annual session. The nominations for each office shall be fol- lowed by the election of the same, before the nomina- tions for the next, and a majority of all the votes cast shall be necessary to a choice. AH officers, unless re- moved according to the provisions of this Constitu- tion, shall hold their seats until their successors are installed. Sec. 3. Vacancies in any office may be filled at any session, and in ca^e the office of G. Secretary becomes vacant, the G. W. C. T., by consent of the Executive Committee, shall appoint a member of this Grand Lodge to^act in K«aid office until the next session, when the vacancy shall be filled by election, and such ap- 32 GRAND LODGE CONSTITUTION. pointed officer shall receive the regular salary for the term of such service. Sec. 4. Penalties.— This G.Lodge may place on trial, and remove any officer lor dereliction of duty and im- proper conduct, by a vote of two- thirds of the mem- bers present. It may enforce upon its members any penalty, to the extent of expulsion, for a violation of the Constitution, Rules, Obligations, or any of the prin- ciples of the Order. ARTICLE IV— DUTIES OF OFFICERS. Sec. 1. The G. W. C. T. shall be the chief executive officer of this G. Lodge, and of the Order of Good Tem- plars in this State, .tie shall preside at all its sessions, preserve order, enforce a pmper observance of the laws and usages of this body, decide questions of doubt or difficulty, whenever properly submitted, appoint such officers and committees as the Constitution or usage may require, provide for the institution of new Lodges and the general prosperity of the Order. He shall be clothed with the power and provided with the means necessary to the thorough and faithful discharge of his duties, submit at each session a full, written re- port of the work done by hitnself or deputies, all de- cisions made, the condition of the Order, its prospects and requirements for the future, and shall discharge such other duties as the interests of the Order require. Sec. 2. The G. W. C. shall assist the G. W. C. T., pre- side in his absence or disability, and, in case of its va- cancy, assume that office and perform its duties until tbe next session, when a G. W. C. T. shall be elected. 8ec. 8. The G. V. T. shall render such assistance to the G. W. C. T. as may be required, have charge of the doors and ante-rooms of the G. Lodge, and direct the admission of members. In case the office of G. W. C. becomes vacant, he shall assume and perform the du- ties of the office, and in the abyence of the G. W. C. T. and G. W. C. shall preside; and in case of vacancies in both these offices shall act as G. W. C. T. until the succeeding session, when they shall be filled by elec- tion. Sec. 4. The G. S. shall be the recording and corres- ponding officer of the G. Lodge. He shall keep a cor- GKAND LODGE CONSTITUTION 33 rect record of all Its proceedings and of those of the Grand Council, also of the returns of the Subordinate Lodges, notify all Subordinate .Lodges of the action of this body, furnish them with such instructions, blanks, (fee, as may be necessary for their correct working, and furnish for publication the Journal of Proceedings," and an abstract of returns, immediately after eacli session. He shall be Chairman of the Com- mitte on Returns and Credentials, with power to make or direct necessary corrections. He shall keep the financial accounts of this Grand Lodge, receive its moneys, and pass the same over to the G. Treasurer, taking his receipt; but may, when it becomes neces- sary ta make immediate use of the money, pay it upon the order of the G. W. C. T., and place the order in the hands of the G. T. At the end of his term, and also at every session, he shall present a full written report of the business of his office, with all the information in his possession relative to the condition of the Order. He shall prepare and publish the Journal of Proceed- ings," Blank Returns, Credentflils, Certiticates, Circu- lars, Pass-words, and such other matters as the G. Lodge shall direct or the interests of the Order require. Sec. 5. The G. T. shall receive all monies, securities and vouchers of the G. Lodge and pa3^ all. orders drawn on him by the G. W. C. T. and G. S., and shall keep an accurate account of his receipts and expendi- tures, and make a full report in writing at each regu- lar session. Sec. 6. The G. Messenger shall act as Janitor of the hall, keep the room and regalia in order, and convey messages. Sec. 7. All Grand officers shall discharge such duties as may be required by the Ritual or usages of the Or- der, or by the G. Lodge. . Sec. 8. Each Lodge Deputy shall instruct the Lodge under his charge in the work, and enforce obedi- ence to the rules and usages of the order, collect all taxes, assessments, bills and returns due theG. Lodge, and immediately forward them to the G. S. ; install officers and impart the passwords when the quarterly 34 ORAI^D LODGE CONSTITUTION returns and the G. Lodge tax are placed in liis hands, and not otherwise ; he shall ^rant such dispensations as may be authorized by the laws of the Order, and at the close of each quarte^r furnish the G. W. C. T. with a report of his proceedings and the condition of the Lodge. He shall perform such other duties as are specified in his commission. Sec. 9. The Executive Committee shall be composed of tlie Elective Grand Officers, and any Grand Lodge may, l)y majority vote, add the Junior P. G. W. C. T. present in the jurisdiction to said Committee. Tliey shall have power to grant and revoke cliarters and, in the recess of the Grand Lodge, shall exercise the powers of that body, but all their acts shall be subject to be set aside or revised by the G. Lodge. ARTICLE V — COMMITTEES. Sec. L The G. W. C. T. shall appoint, at each annual session of the G. Lodge, the following committees, to consist of five each, viz: — Committee on Appeals, Committee on Finance, Committee on Oedentials and Returns, Committee on State of the Order, Com- mittee on Constitutions. Sec. 2. The Committee on Appeals shall receive all appeals that may be presented to the G. Lodge at least ten days before any regular session, and report thereon in writing. They shall receive the testimony adduced by the Deputy and no other. Sec. 3. The Committee on Finance shall examine, audit and report upon all bills and claims presented, and the books and accounts of the otlicers; at each session report, in writing, the state of the finances, and at each annual session recommend such measures of finance as they may deem necessary. Sec. 4. The Committee on Credentials and Returns shall examine and report upon all returns, credentials and claims for seats submitted to them. Sfc. 5. The Committee on the State of the Order shall, at each session of the G. Lodge submit a report containing such information as they may deem inter- esting or instructive. They shall take charge of such reports of officers, resolutions, petitions, &c., as may be referred to them, and recommend such measures as in their judgment will best promote the interests of the Order. GRAND LODGE CONSTITUTION 86 Sec. 6. The Committee on Constitutions shall ex- amine and report on all amendments to the Coastitu- tion and By-Laws submitted to them, ARTICLE VI.— REVENUE. Sec. 1. The revenue of this body shall be derived from charter fees and supplies required by Subordi- nate Lodges and Degree Temples, and such per capita tax upon the membership of Subordinate Lodges and Degree Temples, fees for each initiation and Degrees conferred, as may be determined and voted at the annual sessions of the Grand Lodge, and such special assessments as may be imposed by a two-thirds vote of the Grand Lodge, at a regular session. Sec. 2. Charter Fees. — The fees for charters and set of Books and Cards shall be regulated by this Grand Lodge in its By-Laws, and new Lodges and Degree Temples shall pay the necessary expenses of the Instituting Officer. ARTICLE VII. — SUBORDINATE LODGES. Sec. 1. Charters. — On the written application of ten or more persons, not less than sixteen years of age, in good standing, in any community, the G. W. C. T. and G. Secretary may grant a charter and desig- nate a Deputy to institute the Lodge, and instruct the members in the work of the Order ; provided, how- ever, that no application emanating from a city, town or village in which a Lodge shall then exist, shall be granted without the consent of such Lodge, or if there be more than one Lodge, without the consent of one of such Lodges, except by vote of the Executive Com- mittee or Grand Lodge. Sec. 2. Memorials, Petitions, Appeals. — All members of Subordinate Lodges shall have the right to memorialize or petition this G. Lodge; also to ap- peal from the decision of the W. C. T. or Subordinate Lodge to the District Deputy, and if there be no Dis- trict Deputy, or if his decision is unsatisfactory, then appeals may be taken to the G. W. C. Templar, or Grand Lodge, and these rights shall not be abridged by reason of informality. Sec. 3. Returns.— All Subordinate Lodges shall make returns at the end of each quarter, as full as the 36 GRAND LODGE CONSTirUTION. forms provided for them permit, and a failure to make such returns for one year shall work a forfeiture of Charter. Deputies instituting new Lodges shall also make full returns, according to the forms provided .them. Sec. 4. Surrender of Charter and Books. — Tho person having in custody the Charter and books of any Lodge shall surrender them to the Deputy at any time, when ordered to do so by the Executive Com- mittee. Sec. 5. Offenses. — The Executive Committee, on being informed that any Lodge has violated any of the laws of the Order, or is so conducting as to bring re- proach upon the Order, shall at once investigate the case, and, if they hnd the charges sustaineti, take such measures as they may deem necessary to punish the Lodge and protect the Order. But the Lodge may appeal from the action of the Executive Committee to the Grand Lodge. Sec. 6. Certificatrs.— Members of an extinct Lodge, in good stauding at the time of its demise, may at any time within twelve months afterwards, receive from the G. S. a certilicate, under his hand and the seal of the G. Lodge, which shall serve the purpose of a clearance card ; provided the G. S. may, for good reasons, refuse to grant a certificate to any member, subject to the decision of the Executive Committee. Sec. 7. Restoring Charters. — At any time within one year from the surrender of a charter, the Execu- tive Committee may, if they deem it expedient, on such terms as they may determine, restore the Char- ter, on petition of ten persons who were members oi the Lodge, in good standing, at the time of the sur- render. ARTICLE VIII.— -JOURNAL, SALARIES, BONDS. Sec. 1. Journal. — The reports of officers and com- mittees with the approved decisions of the G. W. C. T. and an abstract of ret^^rns, shall be published with tho ** Journal of Proceedings." Sec. 2. Salaries.— The G. W. 0. T. and G. «. shall be entitled to such salary or remuneration for their. GRAND LODGE jCONSTITHTION. 37 services as may from time to time be voted by this G. Lodge. Sec. 3. Bonds. — The G, Secretary and G. Treasurer shall each, prior to installation, execute to the G. W. 0. T., G. W. C. and G. V. T., by names, and to their successors in office, a bond, in such sum as the G. Lodge may name, with two approved sureties, condi- tioned for the faithful discharge of their official duties, rendering just and true accounts, just payment of all funds coming into their hands, and immediate delivery of all moneys and property belonging to this Grand Lodge, at the close of their term of office. ARTICLE IX.— BY-LAWS AND AMENDMENTS. Sec. 1. By-Laws.— This G. Lodge may, at any reg- ular session, adopt such By-Laws, Rules of Order, or Order of Business, as may be found necessary, which do not conflict with this Constitution, nor that of the R. W. G. Lodge of N. A. Provided^ that said By-Laws, or Rules of Order, and all amendments or additions thereto, shall first receive the approval of the R. W. G. Lodge, or in the interim between sessions, the approval of the R. W. G. Templar. Sec. 2. Amendments.— Tliis Constitution, and the Constitution of Subordinate Lodges shall be altered or amended only by the R. W. G. Lodge, in the manner provided in Article 20 of the R. W. G. L. Constitution, for the alteration or amendment thereof. Provided, That at the annual session of this R. W. G. L., in 1870 and 1871, amendments offered on the first day of the session, by direction of any Grand Lodge, or of its Executive Officers, may be acted upon at the same sessions, but not on the same day. • Constitution of Subordinate Lodges, L 0. G.T, ARTICLE I.— NAME, HOW COMPOSED, QUORUM. Sec. 1. This Lodge shall be called Lodge, No. Independent Order of Good Templars of the of . It shall consist of at least ten mem- bers, and cannot surrender its charter so long as that number, in good standing, object thereto. Seven members shall constitute a quorum. ARTICLE TI. — PLEDGE. Sec. 1. No member shall make, buy, sell, use, fur- nish, or cause to be furnished to others, as a beverage, any Spirituous or Malt liiquors, Wine or Cider ; and every member shall discountenance the manufacture, sale, and use thereof in all proper ways. ARTICLE III. — MEMBERSHIP. Sec. 1. Eligibility.— No person under twelve years of age shall be admitted a member of this Lodge, and the Lodge, by a By-Law, may tlx any higher limit not above eighteen years. A person residing in any other town in which a Lodge exists, must have the consent, in writing, of that Lodge, or if more than one Lodge exist there, the consent of one of them. Sec. 2. Proposition and Ballot. — The name, resi- dence, and occupation of a candidate for membership, shall be presented in writing by some member of the Lodge, and referred to a committee of three, two of whom shall be appointed by the W. C. T., and one by the W. V. T. The committee shall investigate the sub- ject, and report thereon at the next regular meeting, when the Lodge shall ballot on the proposition. Four black balls shall be sutiicient to reject a candidate, but a vote of rejection may be r^-considered on motion of any member, at the same or next meeting, but at np other. The G. W. C. T., or his Deputy, when requested SUBOEDINATB LODGE CONSTITUTION. 39 by a vote of two -thirds of the members present^ may grant a dispensation to ballot for a candidate on tlie same evening he is proposed; in their absence, the ballot may be taken by unanimous consent' of the Lodge. Sec. 3. WiTHDRAWAii OF Proposition. — A proposi- tion for membership having been referred to a com- mittee, shall not be withdiawn except by a majority vote. Sec. 4. Postponement. — Should the Committee of Investigation find cause, or any member desire it, the report and proposition may be indefinitely postponed, (which shall not be considered a rejection, but a now proposition may be made at any time.) Sec. 5. Deposit of Card. — A candidate for member- ship by card shall deposit it with the proposition, or furnish satisfactory evidence that it has been lost ; and he shall be subject in all cases to the provisions of the second section of this Article. Sec. 6. Expelled and Rejected Candidates. — No person who has been expelled or rejected from this or any other Lodge of the Order, shall be again proposed within three months from the date of his expulsion or rejection; and no member who has been suspended Rhall be proposed for membership in any other Lodge, until he has been re-instated in the Lodge suspending him. Sec. 7. Signing the Constitution.— Every person, on becoming a member, shall sign this Constitution. Sec. 8. Charter members must be initiated within three months of the institution of the Lodge. article iv. — fees and dues. Sec. 1. Initiation I^^ees and Quarterly Dues. — The initiation fee and quarterly dues shall not be let-w than such amount as may be determined by the Grand Lodge in its By-Laws, to be paid in advance, but no dues shall be required of any one for the current quarter of his initiation. Sec. 2. Penalty for Non-Payment. — No member shall receive the Pass- Word until his dues for the cur- 40 SUBORDINATJ? LODGE CONSTITUTION, rent quarter are paid, and no member without the Pass-Word shall be permitted to sit in the Lodge. Sec. 3. Degrees. — Each Lodge granting a certificate for Degrees to a member, shall not receive less than twenty-five cents for each Degree, which shall go into the funds of the Lodge. ARTICLE V. — OFFICERS AND TERMS. Sec. 1. Titles. — The oflficers of this Lodge shall be : 1st, Worthy Chief Templar ; 2d, Worthy Vice Templar; 3d, Secretary; 4th, Financial Secretary; 5th, Treasu- rer : 6th, Chaplain ; 7th, Marshal ; 8th, Guard ; 9th, Sentinel; 10th, Assistant Secretary; 11th, Deputy Marshal; 12th, Right Supporter ; 13th, Left Supporter. The first nine shall be elective, the Supporters appointed by the W. C. T. elect; and the others by the officers they assist. wSec. 2. Eligibility. — After this Lodge has been in- stituted three terms, no member shall be eligible to the office of W. C. T. or W. V. T., unless he has previously served one term in some office, and none but full De- gree members shall, at any time, be eligible to either of these offices, after the second election. Sec. 3. Absence.— If any officer shall be absent from the Lodge for three successive meetings, without ren- dering, at the expiration of that time, a valid excuse, bis seat may be declared vacant by a two-thirds vote. Sec. 4. Vacancies. — Vacancies may be filled at any time, and the member holding an office at the close of his term, shall receive the honors of that term. In absence of the W. C. T., the W. V. T. is entitled to preside, and if both W. C. T. and W. V. T. are absent the scjuor P. W. C. T. present. In absence of all enti- tled to preside the Secretary, or some other member Bhali call the Lodge to order, and the Lodge may, by vote in the usual manner, select some member to act pro t&m. Any officer entitled to the Chair may yield the claim to the G. W. C. T. or his Deputies, or any P. W. C. T. Sec. 5. Terms and Elections.— The regular terms shall commence with the first meetings in February, May, August and November. The officers shall be SUBORDINATE LODGE CONSTITUTION. 41 elected by ballot and majority vote at the last regular meetiug in each term, and installed at the first. ARTICLE VI.— DUTIES OF OFFICERS. Sec. 1. P. W. C. T.— The W. G. T. of one term shall be, when present, tlie acting P. W. C. T. of the suc- ceeding term. In his absence, the P. W. C. T. next in seniority shall fill that office. He shall have an over- sight of the ceremonies, correct errors in the signs and instructions, give the charge to initiates as required by the Ritual, and examine and introduce visitors who apply for admission. Sec. 2. The W. C. T. shall be the chief executive officer of the Lodge, preside at its meetings, enforce a due observance ot the Constitution and Laws, exact compliance with the Constitution and Laws of the Grand Lodge, and the usages and ceremonies of ^.he Order, see that all the officers perform their proper duties, appoint all committees and officers not other- wise provided for, inspect and announce the result of all balloting and votes, but shall not vote himself ex- cept upon ballot, and in case of tie, when all present have voted. He shall, together with the Sf3cretary, call special meetings when necessary, or when called upon by written application of seven members ; sign all drafts, cards and certificates ordered by the Lodge, and see that the returns are made out, and money ap- propriated for the Grand Lodge tax, and that the bond of the Treasurer elect is, made out and approved prior to installation ; and perform such other duties as may be required by the Ritual or Lodge properly devolving upon that office. Sec. 3. The W. Y. T. shall render the W. C. T. such assistance as may be required, perform the duties of that office in his absence, and have charge of the doors and ante-rooms of the Lodge. Sec. 4. The Secretary shall keep a fair and impartial record of the proceedings of the Lodge, write commu- nications, fill up certificates^ notify of meetings when ordered by the W. C. T., ana attest all moneys ordered to Depaid at a regular meeting, and no other. He shaP make out, at the end of the term, for the Lodge, a full 42 SUBORDINATE LODGE CONSTITUTION. report of the proceedings during his term, and also the quarterly returns to the Grand Lodge, and with the W. C. T. certify thereto. He shall perform such other duties as may oe required of him by the Lodge, or his charge, and deliver up to his successor, within one week from the expiratifbn ol his term, all books, papers, or other property in his possession, belonging to his office. He shall immediately notify all neigh- boring Lodges of the name, occupation and resiaence of every person rejected, expelled or suspended from this Lodge for any cause except non-payment of dues. Sec. 5. The F. Secretary shall keej: just an(>true ac- counts between the Lodge and its members, credit the amounts received, and immediately pay the same over to the Treasurer, taking a receipt. On the evening ol the installation he shah present to the Lodge a full re- port, and furnish the Secretary with the amount of re- ceipts for initiation fees and dues during his term, and witn any other information connected with his office necessary to enable the Secretary to prepare correct returns for the Grand Lodge, and shall deliver up to his successor all books, papers, and other property in his possession, belonging to the Lodge. He shall per- form such other duties as the Lodge or his chargw may require of him. Sec. 6. The Treasurer shall give a bond of not less than dollars, with such surety as may be approved by the Lodge, and shall pay all orders drawn on him by the W. 0. T., attested by the Secretary, and no others. He shall receive all moneys of the Lodge, and hold the same until the expiration of his term, unless otherwise ordered. He shall keep a full and correct account ol all moneys received and expended, and deliver up, when legally called upon, all books, moneys, papers, md other property of the Lodge to his successor in cf- tice^ or to whomsoever the Lodge may anpoint. He shall make a report at the end of his terra ijind perform such other duties as msiy be required ot nim by the Lodge or his charge. Sec. 7. The Marshal shall have charge of the regalia and all other property of the Lodge, which is aot spe- cially entrusted to other officers, and see chat it is kep^ SUBORDINATE LODGE CONSTITUTION. 43 In proper order, and at the close of his term, report a schedule of the same and its condition. He shall assist the W. C. T. in preserving order, superintend the balloting, count the votes upon division, introduce candidates, and perform such other duties as may be required by the Ritual or Lodge. Sec. 8. The Guard and Sentinel, under direction of the W. V. T., shall have charge of the doors and ante- rooms of the Lodge. Sec. 9. The A. S. and D. M. shall act under the di- rections of the S, and M, respectively, and perform such other duties as may be required of them. Sec. 10. General Provisions. — The officers shall, in addition to the duties specially laid down in this ar- ticle, perform such other duties as may be required of them by the Constitution, By-Laws, Rules, Rituals, ceremonies and usages of the Order, or by a vote of the Lodge. ARTICLE VII.— DEGREES, Sec. 1. Eligibility. — A member eighteen years of age, one month after his initiation in the First Degree, shall be eligible to the Second Degree^ and one month after he nas received the Second Degree, shall be eligible to the Third Degree. No member, not thus qualified, shall receive the Degrees, except Charter members on the institution of a new Lodge, except by written dispensation of the G. W. C. T. or his Deputy ; which dife^pensation shall not be given in case of a member under eighteen years of age, only when re- quested by the unanimous ballot of the Degree mem- bers of the Lodge to which such member belongs, or, in case such Lodge shall be connected with a Degree Temple, the unanimous ballot of such Temple. Sec. 2. Application and Ballot. — Members who desire to receive the Degrees, shall apply for them to the F. S. of the Subordinate Lodge, and pay him the fees therefor. The F. S. shall furnish each applicant with a certificate to that effect, and at the proper time give notice thereof to the Lodge. The applicants shall present their certificates at a Degree meeting of the Lodge, when open in the Degree applied for, when a ballot shall be taken. Three blacJs ballots shall reject SUBORDINATE LODGE CONSTITUTION. a candidate, in which case the certificate shall bo re- turned to the candidate, with the rejection and date endorsed thereon, and shall not a^^ain be presented under two months, provided the ballot of rejection may be reconsidered at the same meeting on motion of any member. This section shall be in force only in Lodges not connected with a Degree Temple. Sec. 3. Degree meetings shall bo held at such times as the Lodge shall determine, (the Lodge Doputy to designate the time if the Lodge fail to d<> so,) and Ahal. be presided over only by the G-. W. C. T., his Deputy, or a Degree Templar of some Temple duly chartered and organized ; but it shall be the especial duty of the Lodge Dex)uty to confer the Degrees, or see that they are duly conferred. 8evon full Degree Members of the Lodge, with the presiding officer, shall constitute a quorum for the conferring of the Degrees, except when conferred on members of a new Lodge by the instituting officer. This section shall be in force only in Lodges not con- nected with a Degree Temple. Sec. 4. Keturns to SuB-LoDaEs.-— The presidin^ officer at any Degree Meeting held acording to Sec. of this Article, and the Secretary of every Temple, shall, previous to the close of the month within which such officer or Temple has conferred any Degree, for- ward certificates to the Secretary of the Lodge, giving the name of each member of such Lodge upon whom such ofiicer or Temple has conferred either Degree, and designating the Degree and time when it was so conferred. Sec. 5. RoLii of Members.— The Secretary of each Sub-Lodge shall keep a roll of the members of his Lodge who shall have taken the Second Degree, and a separate roll of those who shall have taken the Third Degree, with the date when each Degree was conferred, and, if the Lodge is connected with a Degree Temple, he shall immediately notify the Temple of the suspen- sion, expulsion, withdrawal from the Lodge or Order, of any of its Degree members, and if a suspended De- gree member shall be reinstated, he shall notify the Temple of his reinstatement. SUBORDINATE LODGE CONSTITUTION. 45 Sec. 6. Fees and Dues. — The initiation fee for each Degree shall not be less than twenty-five cents, and an additional fee of fifty cents shall be paid for each dis- pensation* granted according to Sec. 1 of this Article, to be paid in Sub Lodge at the time of applying for the Degrees, or in Degree Temple when the proposition is presented. The regular dues in Degree Temples shall not be less than twenty cents for each annual term, to be paid quarterly in advance. Temples may also charge an admission fee of not more than fifty cents to full Degree members, who may be admitted as mem- bers of the Temple, under Sec. 9 of this Article. Sec. 7. Degree Temples.— Upon the application of not less than ten full Degree members, accompanied by the Charter fee, and also a certified vote of the Lodge or Lodges to which the applicants belong, recommending that a Charter be granted to them, the G. W. C. T. and G. Sec, may issue a Charter for a De- gree Temple, and arrange for its institution. Sec. 8. Proposition and Ballot.— Candidates for initiation and membership in a Degree Temple must be proposed and recommended by two full Degree members of the Lodge to which they belong, one of whom shall be the W. C. T., P. W. C. T. or Lodge Deputy. The proposition shall be in writing, stating name," residence, occupation, and date when the pre- vious degree was taken. A ballot shall be had when the Temple is open in the degree applied for, and if not more than one black ballot is cast, the candi- date shall be declared elected, but if two or more black ballots are cast, the proposition shall then be re- ferred to a committee of three, who shall investigate and report thereon at the next regular meeting, when another ballot shall be taken, and if not more than two black ballots are cast he shall be elected, but if more than two are cast, he shall stand rejected, and shall not be again proposed within three months after such rejection. 8ec. 9. Full Degree members, not members of any Temple, may be proposed for membership by two full * A dispensatiOD does not do away with the ballot ui)on the admissioi ot the caadidate to the Degrees. 46 SUBOEDINATE LODGE CONSTITUTION. Degree members of the Lodge to which they belong The proposition shall be read when the Temple is open in the Third Degree, and a ballot taken thereon, and if not more than seven black ballots are ca.st, he shall be admitted to membership upon signing this Constitu- tion and paying the fees. Sec. 10. Meetings.— Degree Temples shall hold their regular meetings at such times as may be desig- nated in their By-Laws. Sec. 11. Officers and TERMs.—The ofiScers of the Temple shall bo : 1st. Degree Templar ; 2d, Degree Vice Tempiar ; od, D. Secretary ; 4th, D. F. S. ; 5th, D. Treasurer ; 6Lh, D. Chaplain ; 7th, D. Marshal ; 8th, D. Guard: 9th, D. Sentinel; 10th, A. D. Secretary; 11th, Deputy D. Marshal; 12th, R. S. ; 13th, L. S. The first seven shall be elected, the eighth and ninth ap- pointed by the D. V. T. elect, the others by the officers they assist. The regular terms shall commence with February, and the elective officers shall be chosen by ballot and a majority vote, at the regular meeting in January, and installed in February. Any full Degree member of the Temple shall be eligible to office, but after the first election, the Degree Templar shall be a past or acting W. C. T., Degree Templar, or D, G. W. C. T. Sec. 12. Suspension or expulsion in the Sub Lodge shall work a suspension or expulsion from the Tem- ple. No member shall be permitted to take part in the transactions of the Temple whose dues are unpaid for the current term, and no person shall be permitted to sit in the Temple, unless in possession of the current quarterly password and the password of the degree in which the Temple is open. Sec. 13. Miscellaneous.— The following named Ar- ticles and Sections of the Sub-Lodge Constitution shall be binding on the Degree Temples and their members, after making such changes in the phraseology as may be necessary to adapt them, or either of them, to the work of Temple, viz. : Articles I, II, VI and X en- tire; Article III, Sections 4, 6, 7 and 8; Article V, Sections 3 and 4 ; Article IX, Section 4. 8DB0RDINATS LODGE CONSTITUTION. 47 ARTICIiE VIII. — OFFENSES AND TRIALS. Sec. 1. Charges and Committee.— Any Diember who has reason to believe that another has violated any of the laws of the Order, shall present to the W, C. T. a charge against him in writing, specifying the offense ; and the \V. C. T., concealing the name of the accuser, shall refer the charge to a commitee of three, which he shall appoint. The committee shall forth- with furnish the accused with a copy of the charge, and summon the accused and witnesses to appear be- fore them at such time and place as they may appoint. At the appointed time and place, the committee shall meet and hear the evidence, which they shall reduce to writing, and, if called upon, produce before the Lodge. Sec. 2. Report and Trial.— The committee shall report, recommending some punishment if they find the charge sustained. The report shall be laid upon the table until the next meeting, at which time the accused shall be summoned to appear, and the Lodge shall act upon it. If called for by any member, the evidence offered before the committee shall be read, but no other evidence shall be introduced. The Lodge may, however, re-commit the case, in order that more evidence may betaken. The accused shall have an opportunity to speak in his defense, and shall then retire. The Lodge shall then decide the question, and if they find him guilty, fix on some mode of punishment ; after which he shall be notified of the result. The recommenda- tions of the committee may be amended in any man- ner before final action is taken on them ; provided, however, that in all cases when a member has been found guilty, he shall be punished by expulsion, sus- pension, fine or reprimand,»except in cases of violation of Article II., when re-obligation inay be considered a punishment at the option of the Lodge. Sec. 3. Absence of Accused.— Should the accusea fail to appear before the committee or Lodge when summoned, without sending a suflicient excuse, the trial may proceed as if he were present, or he may be punished for contempt. Sec. 4. Waiver.— A member against whota charges 48 SUBORDINATE LODGE CONSTITUTION have been preferred may, with the consent of the Lodge, waive any of the forms of trial, and if he ac- knowledge to the committee or the Lodge that he has committed the offense, the Lodge may forthwith pro- ceed to punish. Sec. 5. Votes.— All votes under this article shall be by ballot. A two-thirds vote shall be required to find a member sjuilty, or to determine the punishment. Sec. 6. Violation op Article II.— A member who has violated Article II, shall be declared expelled, un- less he again take the obligation in open Lodge, within four weeks from the time when he made the acknowl- edgment or was found guilty. ARTICLE IX.— WITHDRAWAL AND CARDS. Sec. 1. Withdrawal from the Order.— Any member who is free from all charges may withdraw from the Order, only by first filing with the Secretary, a written resignation of membership, which shall lie upon the table until the next regular meeting, when the W. C. T. may, without vote of the Lodge, cause the member's name to be stricken from the roll. Sec. 2. Clearance and Traveling Cards, of the form prescribed by the R. W. G. Lodge, shall be granted to members applying for them, if they are clear from all charges. A Clearance Card shall be valid for one year from its date, and a Traveling Card for the time for which payment of dues shall be made in advance, not exceeding one year. Sec. 3. Effect of Cards. — Members holding cards granted by this Lodge are still members of the Order, and subject to the jurrsdiction of this Lodge. Sec. 4, Traveling Members.- Any member de- siring to visit this Lodge t>n a Traveling Card, shall be examined in the ante-room, and shall not be ad- mitted unless he prove himself in the Traveling Pass- word and the work of the begree in which the Lodge is opened. article X.— by-laws and amendments. Sec. 1. By-Laws.— This Lodge may adopt such By- Laws and Rules of Order as may b© deemed ad- SUBORDINATE LODGE CONSTITUTION. 49 visable, which do not conflict with this Constitution, or the laws, rules and usages of the Order ; provided that said By-Laws and Kules, and all amendments thereto, shall first receive the approval of the G. Lodge, or in the interim between sessions, the approval of the G. W. a Templar. Sec. 2. Amendments. — This Constitution shall be altered or amended only by the R. W. G. Lodge, in the manner provided in the Constitution of Grand Lodges. ORDER OF BUSINESS OF R. W. G. L. 1st. The R. W. G. L. shall meet at o'clock, A. M., and adjourn at o'clock. 2d. The R. W. G. T. shall take the chair and call the Lodge to order at the time to which it stands ad- journed. 3d. Reading and approving the journals of previous meetings. 4th. Reports of Standing Committees. 6th. Reports of Special Committees. 6th. Petitions and Memorials. 7th. Appeals. 8th. Election and Installation of Officers. 9th. Miscellaneous Business and Good of the Order. RULES OF ORDER. 1. The R. W. G. T. shall decide all questions of Or- der, subject to an appeal to the G. L. 2. The R. W. G. T. shall appoint all committees, unless otherwise directed by the G. L 3. No member shall speak on any question until first seconded and stated by the chair. 4. No member shall speak more than twice on the same question, nor more than ten minutes, without special leave from the Grand Lodge. 5. No member shall be absent from the session of the G. L. without permission of the R. W. G. T. 6. A motion to adjourn shall always be in orde? and be taken without debate. 4 ORDER OF BUSINESS AND RULES OF ORDER, WITH REMAMS ON PAEIIAMITARY PRACTICE. By S. B. CHASE, R. W. O. T. I.— The R. W. Gr. Lodge shall meet at o'clock, A. M., and adjourn at o'clock. In all cases wlien the hour of adjournment ar- rives, the R. W. G, T. adjourns the Lodge, with- out any motion, unless the previous question has been called and sustained, or the yeas and nays have been ordered. All other business, no matter what its stage, is cut off by the hour of adjournment. If a mem- ber is occupying the floor in debate, when the hour arrives, the presiding officer requests him to suspend his remarks, when the Lodge is adjourned. In such a case, the member suspending his re- marks, when the Lodge convenes again, is entitled to the floor, in order to conclude his remarks, whenever the order of business thus broken in upon is reached. ORDER OF BUSINESS. 61 II. -iThe R. W, G. T. shall take the Chair, and call the Lodge to order at the time to which it stands adjourned. When the R. W. G. Templar does not appear at the precise hour for opening the Lodge, it is always courteous for the next officer in authority to wait a few minutes before taking upon himself the duties of the presiding officer. Some Lodges make it a rule to wait fifteen minutes. III. — Reading and Approving the Journals of previous Meetings, Under the uniform practice of deliberative bodies, no portion of the proceedings can be ex- punged from the journal, except by unanimous consent of the Lodge. A measure may have been defeated, of which I was the only supporter, and so very obnoxious that all but myself desire all the proceedings under it expunged from the journal — want the records not to show that any such proposition was ever entertained by the Lodge. It may be of the most importance to myself personally, or to my standing with my constituency, that I have record evidence of my zealous support of the measure ; hence my negative vote will prevent any action from being expunged from the journal. A majority vote will correct the journal in all cases. IV. — Reports of Standing Committees. Committees have full power over business re- ferred to them — to alter, add to, or take from, ex- cept to change the entire subject matter. It ia 62 ORDER OF BUSINESS competent for the Lodge to instruct committees to report at a given time, or not to report until such given time. Standing Committees are not con- fined to business referred to them, but may originate any new business within their jurisdic- tion. After a report has been made to the Lodge, it is in order to make motions to postpone for 'the present, or to a given time — to recommit to same committee or to a new one — or to go into a com- mittee of the whole; but if none of these are made, and it is in order to go into the consider- ation of the report, the proper motion is to adopt. No motion to accept is necessary, and it is in ex- ceedingly bad taste, as the Lodge gave its accept- ance to the report when it gave the committee permission to make it. Strictly and regularly speaking, a motion should be made and seconded, and the question put, whether it shall be ' re- ceived?" before the committee are permitted to make their report at all ; but a cry from the Lodge of ** Receive," or even its silence, dispenses with the formality of the question ; and now in all de- liberative bodies, the presiding officer supposes the consent of the body, where no objection is expressed, and does not give the trouble of making the motion to receive a report and putting the question formally. The rule is the same in re- ceiving petitions, withdrawing motions, reading papers, and in all small matters. The practice of many bodies to make motions to accept a report, after the committee have been ORDER OP BUSINESS 63 permitted to make it, and it has been read, is quite unnecessary, if not absurd. When the chair has stated the question to be upon the adoption of the report, motions to amend are in order, the same as on any other question, as well as all the other motions to recommit, post- pone, &c. When it is not in order to consider reports at the time they are made, for instance, if the Lodge should devote the morning session to reception of reports, and afternoon to their consideration, then as they were presented and read they would be ordered by the chair to lie on the table until the consideration of them was in order. All committees must make some definite recom- mendation, in the shape of a resolution or resolu- tions, that when the Lodge adopt the report the action may be in form. Upon the adoption of the report, as well as upon any question, a division may always be called by any member, and it shall be divided by the chair, if it comprehends questions so distinct that, one being taken away, the rest may stand entire for the decision of the Lodge. When a division is called, the chair should always ask the member calling for it how he desires the question to be divided, and should divide it according to Buch member s expressed wish, if, in his opinion, it is so divisible. A motion to strike out and insert is indivisible ; but a motion to strike out merely, being made and 54 OEDER OF BUSINESS. lost, precludes neither amendment nor a motion to both strike out and insert. After a report has been made, it becomes the property of the Lodge, and the committee cannot withdraw it, except with the consent of the Lodge. Standing committees having made a report upon matters referred to them, are discharged from the further consideration of that subject, without any motion to discharge them. In case committees are dilatory, or refuse to act upon subjects referred to them, and the Lodge wish to dispose of them, a motion should be made that the committee be discharged from the fur- ther consideration of the subject. If the motion prevails, the subject comes up before the Lodge for action whenever in regular order it may be reached; or if the motion had been, in addition, "and that the Lodge proceed to its consideration," the matter would at once come up for action : but in this case, if the regular business is not gone through with, and a division of the motion be called, the passage of the last division would in- volve a suspension of the rules, and hence require a two-thirds vote to adopt it. The motion might be made so as not to be divisible, and thus avoid the necessity for a two-thirds vote. Thus: **I move, *'that for the purpose of considering the resolutions, relative to the perpetuity of the pledge, the select committee, to which they were referred, be discharged from their further consideration." If a motion be made to postpone, it precludes commitment : and a motion for commitment or re- OEDER OP BUSINESS. 66 commitment precludes amendment or decision on the original s abject, The question being on a motion to amend a re- port or resolution, any one may move to commit or re-commit it, and the question for commitment shall be first put, because in truth it facilitates the motion to amend. In all cases when a blank is to be filled with eome amount, number or day, the question shall be first taken on the largest sum, the greatest number and remotest day. The members submit the sum, number or day they desire inserted, to the chair, who orders the secretary to take them down, and when all are submitted, the vote shall be taken as indicated, and the blank filled accord- ingly. Committee of the Whole. The Lodge may resolve itself into a committee of the whole upon any motion, report or question, by a majority vote, when the R. W. G. Templar shall call some one to occupy the chair, unless otherwise ordered by the Lodge. In committee of the whole, members may speak more than twice, and more than ten minutes, and neither the previous question nor yeas and nays can be called, and no motions for delay or to ad- journ can be made. When the subject matter has been gone through with, the committee rise, the R. W. G. Templar resumes the chair, when the chairman reports the action of the committee of the whole. 56 ORDER OF BUSINESS. In case the committee of the whole do not have time, or are not disposed to finish the business be- ** fore them, the committee cannot adjourn, but must vote to rise, report progress and ask leave to sit again. If the Lodge grant the committee leave to sit again, it will by motion fix some time, and no action can be had on the question, until that time arrives and the committee of the whole have sat again; but if leave to sit again be not granted, then the subject matter referred to the committee of the whole comes up at once before the Lodge for action. When the committee of the whole go through with the motion, resolution or matter referred, rise and report the same to the Lodge, all amend- ments made in committee are a part of the motion or resolution. Hence, if the Lodge are dissatis- fied with any amendments inserted in the com- mittee, a motion must be made to strike oufc such amendment. As the yeas and nays cannot be called in committee of the whole, this course is often taken in order to have the names of mem- bers voting placed upon the journal, when there is no hope of striking out the amendment made in committee. When the committee of the whole reports prog- ress, and leave to sit again is not granted by the Lodge, amendments made in committee are not part of the resolution or subject matter, unless made so by a vote of the Lodge. If the committee of the whole negative the reso- lution referred, the question in the Lodge is upon ORDER OF BUSINESS. 67 adopting the report of the committee, and if this prevails, the resolution or motion is defeated, just as effectually as though done in Lodge. V. — Reports of Special Committees. The power of special committees extends no farther than to the business referred to them, though thej have full power over that. Special committees, having made a report, are discharged, without any motion for that purpose. The majority of a committee are always suf- ficient to make a report, but if one or more of the committee do not concur in the views of the majority, they can make a minority report, which is submitted to the Lodge at the time the majority make their report, and receives the same consid- eration, except the majority report is entitled to priority in being considered. Both are but argu- ments for and against the proposition or subject submitted to the committee for examination. VI. — Petitions and Memorials. VII. — Appeals. VIII. — Election and Installation of Officers. IX. — Miscellaneous Business and Good of the Order. Under this head would be included every man- ner of original motions, resolutions and any busi- ness calculated to advance the good of the Order, not included under any previous head. Any motion must be reduced to writing, if de- sired by the Lodge or presiding officer, and must 58 ORDER OF BUSINESS. be read to the Lodge as often as any member de- sires it for his information. A motion may be withdrawn by the mover and seconder, before amendment or decision, and if withdrawn, the proceeding had thereon does not go upon the journal. A motion to reconsider a vote upon any ques- tion must be made and seconded by members voting in the majority, or if a tie, in the negative. If the yeas and nays were not called, nor a division of the Lodge had, all the members are presumed to have voted in the affirmative or negative, as the case may be. If the motion to reconsider pre- vails, the question comes up as if there had been no decision of it at all ; and if the question is de- cided the same as before, a second reconsideration cannot be had. nor can there be a second motion to reconsider, if the first motion is negatived. If the question has been altered by amendments since the first reconsideration, then it is no longer the same question, and may be reconsidered the second time. A motion to indefinitely postpone a motion to reconsider prevailing, defeats the reconsideration as effectually as though the motion was negatived directly. This is often resorted to by the especial friends of a measure who wish to place their ques- tion beyond the reach of reconsideration. As soon as the measure passes, some friends move a reconsideration, which is at once negatived ; or followed by a motion to indefinitely postpone the motion to reconsider. This motion to indefinitely OBDER OF BUSINESS. 59 postpone of course prevails, which puts the ques- tion at final rest. When a motion is made to in- definitely postpone the consideration of a subject or motion, the merits of the question come up lor full discussion. ^ When a motion to lie upon the table is made, everything that adheres to the subject matter of the motion goes with it, as a motion to amend, if ordered to lie upon the table, carries with it the subject proposed to be amended. This rule does not, however, apply to propositions independent of the motion : thus if an appeal from the decision of the presiding officer be ordered to lie on the table, the question of order does not go on the table, but the decision of the presiding officer stands as the judgment of the Lodge. This mo- tion is often resorted to by persons versed in par- liamentary tactics, to sustain a presiding officer, as many would vote to lay an appeal on the table, that would not vote to sustain the presiding officer directly. X. — The R. W. G. T. shall decide all Questions of Or- der, subject to an appeal to the Lodge. When a member desires to call another to order, he must do so through the R. VV. G. Templar. To do this, he says: *' Worthy Templar, I call Br. to order." If the presiding officer is at all in doubt whether he was in order or not, he replies by saying, Will the Br. from please state the point of order?" It is then the duty of the brother calling to order to state specifically where- in the rules of the Lodge or Order have been 60 ORDER OP BUSINESS. violated, ani the presiding officer at once decides the question. The R. W. G. Templar may call any one to order, without the interference of a member, and it his duty to do so when any trans- gressions of rules come under his notice ; but he should exercise his authority in this direction with great care and prudence, never doing it but when the occasion demands it. An appeal from a decision of a presiding officer should be reduced to writing, stating clearly the point of order and the decision of the Chair there- on, and be signed by the persons making it. After the appeal has been read, it is submitted to the Lodge in the following question: Shall the decision of the Chair stand as the judgment of the Lodge ?" The R. W. G. T. may vacate the chair, and discuss an appeal, and he has the privilege of opening and closing the discussion. If a question of order arises during the pen- dency of an appeal, the decision of the R. W. G. T. must be submitted to without appeal, as appeals cannot be piled one upon the other. An appeal may be placed under the operation of the previous question, and be divided if divisible. It may be withdrawn by the movers and renewed by others ; and a decision may be reconsidered, the same as any other question. If an adjournment take place before it is dis- posed of, it is not thereby suppressed, but goes over to the next day or session, and comes up first in order as unfinished business. Questions of order are not debateable, unless an OBDER OF BUSINESS. 61 appeal be taken, or the R. W. G. Templar submits the question to the Lodge without making any de- cision. The B. W. G. Templar may submit all questions of order to the Lodge if he choose ; but it is not advisable to do it unless in extreme cases, as the Lodge lose confidence in his ability to pre- side if he shows any want of decision when points of order are raised. XI —The R. W. G. T. shall appoint all Committees, unless otherwise directed by the R. W. G. Lodge. XII.— No member shall speak on any question, until first seconded and stated by the Chair. Presiding officers cannot be too strict in the en- forcement of this rule, and neither should they allow any one to speak until he first address, and has been recognized by the Chair. This recog- nition informs him both that he is entitled to the floor, and that the Lodge is ready to hear what he has to communicate. In no other way can con- fusion be avoided, especially where there is com- petition in debate, and hence several striving for the floor at the same time. Presiding officers should require members to confine themselves closely and strictly to the sub- ject under consideration. Not one quarter of the time now occupied in debate would be consumed if speakers did not wander from the subject, and in- troduce and discuss questions having no relevancy to the subject under consideration, besides wan- dering in debate often leads to personalities and very unpleasant results. 62 OEDER OF BUSINESS. As a general rule, the member first rising is entitled to the floor, and this is to be determined by the presiding officer, subject however, to these few exceptions : 1st. If a member rises to a ques- tion of privilege or order ; 2d. The original mover of a piuposition is entitled to preference over other members : 3d, By common courtesy, a new member, or one never having addressed the Lodge before, is entitled to be heard before others, and the R. W. G. T. should recognize him ; 4th, When a debate has been adjourned, the member entitled to the floor at that time, should be heard when the debate is resumed. All personalities in debate are to be avoided, and any member indulging, should be at once called to order by the presiding officer ; and, as such indulgence is an ofl'ence against the whole Lodge, as well as the member to whom they are intended to apply, he should not be allowed to proceed until he retracts the offensive expression, or makes such satisfaction to the Lodge as may be deemed necessary and proper. Of all places in the world, the Lodge room is the last where per- sons are to be permitted to villify or abuse each other. It is for the presiding officer or Lodge to judge what expressions or language is to be deemed personal and offensive. XIII.— No member shall speaK more than twice on the same question, nor more tnan ten minutes, with- out special leave from the Grand Lodge. This is a wise rule, and should be rigidly ad- hered to. If a subject is very important, and a ORDER OF BUSINESS. 63 member cannot discharge his duty within the limits of the rule, the Lodge will give him leave to conclude his remarks. Under this rule a member may speak twice upon a resolution, twice upon every amendment offered, and twice upon every motion to refer, postpone, &c., as ail would be distinct questions. XrV. — No member shall be absent from the session of the R. W. G. Lodge, without permission of the R. W. G. T. Xy.— A motion to adjourn shall always be in order, and be taken without debate, A motion to adjourn is in order, -except: 1st, When a member is on the floor. 2d, When a vote is being taken. 3d, When the previous question has been moved, seconded and sustained. 4th, When it was the last motion put, as two con- secutive motions of precisely the same nature cannot be made. The motion to adjourn, simply, is not subject to amendment, but to adjourn to a specified time may be and is debatable. The Previous Question. When the previous question is moved and sec- onded, the question shall be put in this form: Shall the main question be now put?" If this is carried, all further amendments and debate shall be prohibited, and the question put without delay. If amendments are pending, the question shall be first taken on the pending amendments, 64 ORDER OF BUSINESS. but all motions, except amendments, are cut off by the previous question. The motion for the previous question is not de- bateable. The practice of interrupting a member by call- ing order or disturbing him at any time, unless there is a manifest determination to waste time in useless debate, or to defeat some measure by talk- ing the time out, is to be deprecated. A motion to adjourn is not in order when the previous question has been called and sustained, and is still pending; and the vote ordering the main question to be now put cannot be reconsid- ered, except the motion be made before the Lodge has proceeded to vote on the main question, or the question not cut off by the previous question. The previous question having been called, and not sustained by the Lodge, that is, that the main question shall not now be put, it cannot be called again the same day on that question. The vote by which the previous question was not sustained, may be reconsidered. DIGEST OF LAWS AND DECISIONS. Authority of Decisions. 1. The laws and decisions of tliis R. W. Grand Lodge are supremCj and therefore binding upon every member of the Order.— R. W. G. L. 11th s., 59. 2. JSTo Grand Lodge, or executive officer thereof, can make a decision which conflicts in any degree with the decisions of this body. — R. W. G. L. 11th s., 59. 3. The decision of a G. W. C. T. stands as the law of his Grand Lodge, unless an appeal be taken, then the decision of the Grand Lodge is the rule of action. — R. W. G. L. 1st s., 301. 4. The fact that no appeal is taken from the illegal de- cision of a G. W. C. T. does, not render such decision right or binding upon the Grand or Subordinate Lodges. —R. W. G. L. 11th s., 59. 5. All decisions in Chase's Digest, made by the Right Worthy Grand Lodge, any R. W. G. Templar, and any Grand Lodge decisions sustained by the Right Wortiiy Grand Lodge on appeal, are binding upon all Grand and Subordinate Lodges, and upon all Good Templars. The decisions of the Grand Lodges compiled in said Digest are binding upon, and only aflect, the Lodges under their immediate jurisdiction. — R. W. G. L. 11th s., 62. 6. This Grand Lodge will sustain all the decisions of P. R. W. G. T. Chase, as found in the Digest.— N. Y. 1st 8., 20. 7. The decisions of the R. W. G. Lodge are binding on this Grand Temple.— Can. vol. 19, 30. 5 65 66 ADJOURNMENT. 8. And when such decisions conflict with those of the Grand Lodge, tlie K. W. G. L. decisions govern. — Iowa, 11th s., 8. Adjournment. 1. A motion to adjourn is in order in any Lodge, even though the order of business has not been called or gone through with. — 111. 5th s. 2. It is in order immediately after reading the minutes. The order of business is a mere form, prescribed for con- venience in expediting business ; and is not an arbitrary order to be followed without exception. — 0. 9th s., 17. E. W. G. T. Chase, 9th s., 11. 3. A motion to adjourn cannot be entertained while a member has the floor.— G. W. C. T. Chase., Pa., 18t)9. 4. It must close with the closing ceremonies, and a Lodge cannot adjourn, under any circumstances, without the closing ceremonies. — Wis. 6th s., 8. Ind. 5th s., 83. Iowa, 8th s., 25. Cal. 3d s., 11. E. W. G. T. Chase, 9th s., IL 5. A Lodge has a right to adjourn to another night, other than the regular one, and at such adjourned meet- ing the regular business of the Lodge may be properly taken up and disposed of. — lowa^ 8th s., 25. 6. If, at a regular meeting, the Lodge adjourns to meet at a stated time, the adjourned meeting is a continuation of the regular meeting, and the same business which was before the regular meeting at its said adjournment, can be transacted at such adjourned meeting.— ind. 6th s., 14. 7. A Lodge must always be closed in due form. A Lodge may adjourn to meet in special session, to transact business that may be unfinished at the time of adjourn- ment, but in all cases where the Lodge votes an adjourn- ment, it must be «regularly closed and regularly opened at the special session. — Ind. 7th s., 8. Mass., 127. 8. If a Lodge adjourns to hold a special session for a ADJOUKNMENT. 67 specified object, or to transact special business mentioned in the motion, only the business for which the Lodge was called, and that legitimately growing out of it, can be transacted. — Ind. 7th s., 10. 9. If a Lodge adjourn, while open upon a certain order of business, and such business was not finished, when the Lodge again meets, such business, under consideration when the Lodge closed, properly comes up under the head of unfinished business. — O. P., vol. 1, No. 8. 10. If a Lodge adjourns without going through the order of business, to another than the evening of the regular meeting, all business would be in order at the adjourned meeting.— G. W. C. T. Giles, Wis., 1866. 11. After a motion to adjourn has been put and carried, it is not in order to make a motion to reconsider the motion to adjourn. This is to me a new question in parliamentary law, and one which has never been decided in any books at my command. There is no question that a vote to adjourn cannot be reconsidered, because after a body has decided to adjourn, no business can be transacted of any kind. The presiding officer at once proceeds to adjourn, after such forms as may be prescribed. Usage, however, gives the presiding officer the privilege of disposing of any letters, notices, &c., that may be lying on his desk, the same as the Speaker of Congress or a State Legislature alwavs clears his table before declaring the body adjourned.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa. 16th s., 16. 12. Is a motion to adjourn over a regular meeting niglit in order? A. — If the point is raised, and objection made to it, such motion would not be in order. Regular meetings being appointed by our By-Laws, a Lodge cannot vote to adjourn over them. If such a motion should be entertained and prevail, a quorum meet- ing on regular evening could legally transact any kind of l3usiness. Each Lodge meeting is a distinct session, and independent of all others. A Lodge can prescribe in its by-laws how regular meet- 68 APPEAL. ings can be omitted, and to whom and what length of notice shall be given.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa. 17th s. 47. 13. A motion to adjourn when the Lodge is about to close is proper, unless the Lodge has a fixed hour for adjournment, which hour has arrived. The motion should not be to close. Close is used in connection with certain prescribed ritualistic ceremonies which are made neces- sary before a Lodge can disperse under a motion to adjourn.— G. W. C T. Chase, Pa. 16th s., 21. 14. If the entire order of business has been gone through with, and no member has anything to offer, and no one makes any objection thereto, the W. C. T. may proceed to close a Lodge ivithout a motion being made to adjourn.— G. W. C. T. Cliase, Pa., 17th s. 47. But lie cannot close a meeting before the time specified in By-laws, if objected to by any member, without the vote of the Lodge.— N. H. 104. 15. If a Lodge close a meeting for the evening, but pre- viously move to adjourn to some given time, the meeting thus appointed would be an adjourned meeting. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa. 16th s., 21. 16. A Lodge has an informal meeting, opening without the ceremonies, and is adjourned on the motion of a mem- ber to attend some public gathering, and closes without ceremonies. On the same evening sufficient members col- lect to open constitutionally, among them a P. W. C. T. They open in form with regalia, initiate a candidate, transact other business, and close with the ceremonies. The second is the legal meeting. — G. W. C. T. Smith, Mo. 15th s., 41. Appeal. Appeal to the Grand Lodge for the action of his Subordinate Lodge, is a right guaranteed to every member, and which every aggrieved member should avail himself of. Owing to certain local prejudices, APPEAL. 69 which are incident to all human organizations, in- justice may be, and often is, done by Subordinate Lodges. Any one feeling that he has been unjustly dealt with should at once appeal to the Grand Lodge, a body more removed from the scene of action, and hence less liable to entertain prejudice for either party The mode of appealing is, or should be, prescribed by each Constitution or By-Laws; and, where the mode of procedure is laid down, parties must follow it as strictly as possible. In case Grand Lodges do not prescribe any form, as is the case with some, no advantage can be taken of informality in the submission of an appeal, provided the action of the subordinate Lodge, the evidence upon which such action was based, and the exceptions or ground of appeal by the appellant, are brought intelligibly before the Grand Lodge. Appeals from Lodges under the jurisdiction of the II. W. Grand Lodge of North America, should be made directly to that body. Any member of such a Lodge, dissatisfied with the decision of his Lodge, should file with the W. S. a notice of his appeal, stating specifically the grounds thereof, and there- upon the Lodge shall without delay send, under their seal, to the R. W. G. S., such notice of appeal, together with certified copies of all the minutes, charges, evidences, and other books and papers in the possession or under the control of the Lodge, relating to the subject-matter of appeal, and the R. W. G. Templar, or the R. W. Grand Lodge, at its next session thereafter, will determine the same. 1. All matters coming before the R. W. Grand Lodge, 70 APPEAL. in the shape of memor'als and appeal?, must be presented through the R. W. G. Secretary, so that he may be pre- pared to give all information which may be in his pos- session relative to such papers. — R. W. G. L. 6th s., 37. 2. With the consent of the Grand Lodge of a State, District, or Territory, an appeal may be had by any Sub- ordinate Lodge to this R. W. Grand Lodge ; such con- sent, however, not being necessary where an expelled Lodge, after having surrendered up to its Grand Lodge all its effects, appeals from the decision thereof But, in all cases, the decision of the Stale, District, Territory, Provincial, or Country Grand Lodges, shall be final and conclusive, until reversed by this Grand Lodge on a direct appeal thereof. — R. W. G. L. Con., Art. I., sec. 4. 3. Subordinate Lodges, and members under the juris- diction of Grand Lodges, have the right to appeal frcnn the action of Grand Lodges, without the consent of such Grand Lodges, the Constitution of the R. W. Grand Lodge only cutting off an appeal from such Subordinates or members direct to the R. W. Grand Lodge.— R. W. G. L. 4th s., 29. Thus, with the consent of the Grand Lodge^ an appeal may be taken from a subordinate Lodge under jurisdiction of a Grand Lodge, direct to the R. W. Grand Lodge; and, without such consent, and as a matter of right, an appeal may be taken from the action of any Grand Lodge to the R. W. Grand Lodge. 4. An appeal cannot be taken from the action of a G. W. C. Templar to the R. W. Grand Templar or R. W. G. Lodge, without the consent of the Grand Lodge with which the G. W. C. Temf)lar is connected. — R. W. G. Templar Hastings, 14th s., 12. 5. It is hereby ordered that hereafter, in all cases of appeal from the Grand Lodges to the R. W. G. Templar, or the R. W. G. Lodge, the following rules must be observed, to entitle such appeals to consideration : APPEAL. 71 1. The appellant must give notice of his intention to appeal to the Grand Lodge, in open session, if in attendance upon such session, or if not in attendance, give such notice in writing to the G. W. Secretary of such Grand Lodge, within thirty days fpom the time such decision was rendered. 2. The appellant shall serve a copy of his ground of appeal and argument to sustain it, if he use any, in writing, upon the G. W. Secretary of such Grand Lodge, within thirty days from the time such decision was rendered, of which such G. W. Secretary shall forthwith serve a certified copy upon the G. W. C. T. of such Grand Lodge, and upon the party or parties interested in such appeal as appellees. 3. The G. W. C. T., or appellees, shall, within fifteen days from the time of such service, file with the G. W. Secretary his or their answer to appellant, and reasons to sustain such deci- sion, or such appeal will be decided ex parte. 4. The G. W". Secretary shall, within thirty days from the time such notice and argument are served upon him by appel- lant, send to the R. W. G. Templar a certified copy of all mat- ters connected with such appeal, including the original ques- tion, decision of the G. L., notice, argument and answer. 5. In all cases where notice is required under these rules, evidence of the same having been duly sent by mail shall be held sufficient.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 8th s., 6. 6. A member of a Subordinate Lodge, under the juris- diction of a Grand Lodge, cannot appeal direct to the R. W. Gr. Templar or K. W. G. Lodge, without the consent of the Grand Lodge or the G. W. C. T. thereof.— Ibid. 7. A .District Deputy cannot appeal from the decision of a G. W. C. T., but must do so through the State Grand Lodge, unless the written consent of the G. W. C. T. be obtained thereto. — Ibid. 8. Rules to be observed in Appeals from the action of a Subordinate Lodge to the District Deputy, the G. W. C. T. or G. Lodge. 1. The appellant must give notice of his appeal in open session of the Lodge at which the action is taken or decision rendered, if in att*»ndance at such session ; or, if not in attend- ance, give such notice in writing to the S. of the Lodge within thirty days from the time such decision was rendered. 72 AFPEAL. 2. The appellant shall serve a copy of ground of appeal and argument to sustain it, if he. use any, in writing, on the S. of such Lodge within fifteen days from the time notice of appeal was given, of which such S. shall forthwith notify the W. C. T. or Lodge and the party interested in such appeal as appellees, if any one is known to be specially interested in it. 3. The W. C. T., Lodge or appellees shall within fifteen days from the time of such service, file with the S. his or their an- swer to appellant, and reasons to sustain such decision, or such appeal will be decided ex parte. 4. The S. of such Lodge shall within fifteen days from the filing of appellee's answer, or within fifteen days from the expi- ration of the time allowed for such answer, send to the Deputy G. AV. C. T., the G. W. C. T. or Grand Lodge, as the case may be. a certified copy of all matters connected with such appeal, including the original question, decision of Lodge, notice, argu- ment and answer, and an extract from the journal of ali matters connected with the appeal. 5. In all cases decided by a District Deputy, notice of ap- peal from such decision must be given such Deputy within thirty days from the time notice of such decision was given to the parties in interest, when the Deputy will send all the papers in the case to the G. W. C. T. or Grand Lodge, on which papers the case will be determined, unless additional information should be desired. 6. In case either party in interest desires to appeal from the action of the G. W. C. T. to the G. Lodge, notice of such ap- peal must be given to the other party and the G. "W. C. T. of such appeal within thirty days from the time such decision was ofiicially announced in the Lodge or to the parties in inte- rest.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. 9. Ques. Can a member appeal ^from the decision of the Lodge to a D. D. without a copy of the minutes, attested by the W. S. ? Ans. Yes ; but if the appeal is founded on the action of the Lodge, the D. D., or G. W. C. T., should require an attested copy of the journal containing such action before rendering any decision. The right of appea^, under our G. L. Constitution, is not abridged on account of informality.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa. 17th s., 62. 10. All appeals, together with the argument to sustain APPEAL. 78 them, should be allowed to pass to the G. W. C. T., through the hands of the person or body appealed from, in order to afford the appellee opportunity to state the ground of action or decision, and reply to the argument of the appellant. — Conn. 6th s., 48. 11. The circumstances affecting the right of an appeal can be determined only by the body or officer to which the appeal is taken.— K. W. G. T. Eussell, 19th s:, 15. 12. Appeals from the decision of a G. W. C. T., on a point of order, are taken to the Grand Lodge, and its de- cision is final. No appeal can be taken to K. W. G. L. — Cal. 13th s., 40. 13. An expelled member, on an appeal to the Grand Lodge, may be reinstated by the action of the Grand Lodge.— Pa. 2d s., 9. And in case the Subordinate Lodge refuse to admit such reinstated member to the Lodge-room, it is in contempt, and forfeits its Charter, and should at once be directed to surrender it. Oak Run Lodge, Pa., having refused to admit a mem- ber reinstated by the action of the Grand Lodge, was directed to either make satisfactory apologies to the Grand Lodge, or surrender its Charter. (Pa. 9th s., 37.) The Lodge refused to make any apologies, and surrendered its Charter. 14. Q. When a charge is preferred, and referred to a Committee, who report charges sustained in whole or in part, and recommend a penalty of suspension, which is amended by the Lodge, and expulsion substituted and carried, the brother appeals : can the G. W. C. T., or Grand Lodge, if they decide that the evidence sustains tlie charge, make the penalty lighter or heavier ? A. The Grand Lodge must either sustain or reverse the action of the Subordinate Lodge, dismiss the appeal^ which virtually sustains the action of the Subordinate Lodge, or send the case back for a new trial ; and a reversal remits the fine, if one was imposed, or reinstates, 74 APPEAL. if Buspended or expelled. But the Grand Lodge, or G. W. C. T., has no power to increase or reduce a penalty, where the proceedings were regular, and the charge is sustained by the evidence ; though sucli recommendations may be made to the Subordinate Lodge, as may be deemed best for the interest of the Order. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 13. Ind., 6th s., 15. 111., 122. In the case of the appeal of J. T. Greenland to Grand Lodge of Pa., where the proceedings had been irregular, the Subordinate Lodge was directed, very properly, to reconsider its action. (Pa. 11th s., 10.) And from such reconsidered action, he would have been privileged to appeal. 15. When a decision has been rendered by the G. W. C. T., and a brother of a Subordinate Lodge gives notice of an appeal from such decision to the Grand Lodge, such notice of an appeal does not suspend the decision of the G. W. C. T. until the decision of the Grand Lodge can be obtained.— E. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 14. 16. A member suspended from his Lodge, having ap- pealed to the Grand Lodge, is still to be treated as a sus- pended member until the action of the Subordinate Lodge is reversed by the Grand Lodge. — R. W. G. T. Chase. 17. Q. Does an appeal stay all proceedings until set- tled ? Thus, an officer in a Lo(Jge, Grand or Subordinate, is charged with a violation, and thereby suspended, but the charge* is not sustained by the Lodge, hence he re- sumes his duty: does an appeal from that decision con- tinue his suspension until settled by a higher power? A. This question originates from an entire misappre- hension of the efiect of a charge for the violation of ob- ligation upon the standing of the member in the Lodge. The declaratory part of the interrogatory contains the error, namely: '"That a member charged with violation is thereby suspended." The mere preference of a charge against a member does not thereby suspend him, but such / APPEAL. 75 a member is entitled to a seat in the Lodge, and to all his rights and privileges until suspended by a vote of the Lodge, upon a finding of guilty by the Committee of Investigation. If the charge be not sustained, and an appeal from such decision to the Grand Lodge, as he has never been suspended, of course he retains his seat in the Lodge, and is entitled to all his rights and privileges until such appeal is decided ; and if the charge had been sustained, and he suspended by a vote of the Lodge, and an appeal taken, he would have remained a suspended member, until the disposition of such appeal. — E. W. G. T. Chase, 6th s. 18. If a G. W. C. Templar, on appeal from the action of a Subordinate Lodge, restores a brother to membership, the action of the G. W. C. T. stands until reversed by competent authority. — R. W. G. T. Hastings, 14th, s. 12. 19. The G. W. C. T. of Grand Lodge of District of Columbia decided that an appeal could not be taken to the Grand Lodge on a question of law, which was over- ruled by R. W. G. T. Hastings, and approved by E. W. G. L., 14th s., 89. 20. On the hearing of an appeal before the Committee of a Grand Lodge, or E. W. G. Lodge, the parties in in- terest have the right to be heard ; and if the appellee is absent, and has been properly notified, if notice was neces- sary, the appellant may be heard, and the case decided ez-parte.—F. E. W. G. T. Chase, 1868. 21. When a member has been expelled, and appeals, he is not entitled to a seat in the Lodge while such ap- peal is pending. — 111. 7th s., 30, Can., vol. 14, p. 14. 22. Appeals cannot be taken from a D. G. W. C. T. to the Lodge, but may be taken from his decision to the G. W. C. T.— 111., 5th s. 23. Appeals may be taken from the decision of the W. C.T. to the Lodge, except on constitutional questions,which must be referred to the D. G. W. C. T.— 111., 7th s., 32. 24. Where a member has been clearly proven to have 76 CHARGES EOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. violated the pledge, and his Suhordinate Lodge refuse to punish him therefor, any individual member can appeal from the decision of such Lodge. — Iowa, 7th s., 24, G. W. C. T. Titus, O., 14th s., 28. 25. Any member may appeal to the Deputy, from the decision of the W. C. T., on points of law, whether the Deputy is present or absent. In case the Deputy be absent, or postpones his decision, the proceedings must go on ; under the decision of the W. C. T. Deputies should be at their posts and decide all questions promptly. Yet, if they ask for time to inves- tigate difficult points, Lodges should, through courtesy, grant it.— G. W. C. T. Titus, 0., 14th s., 28. 26. Q. What is necessary, on the part of a Subordinate Lodge, to take an appeal to the G. L. ? Can any member, other than the parties interested, take an appeal ? Is the simple fact that the Lodge is notified, and the notice ap- pears on record, alone sufficient to carry an appeal ? A, If the records of any Lodge show that an appeal has been taken, it is sufficient, and the W. S. should send up the necessary facts. In case of the infliction of a pen- alty, no one but the person suffering has the right to appeal.— Wis., 11th s., 9. ; G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1872. Charges for Violation of Pledge. Any member, cognizant that another member has violated the pledge or obligation, is morally bound to give the information promptly to the W. C. T. of his Lodge, that a formal charge may be preferred. Many of our Lodges have a By-Law imposing a fine upon any one knowing of violations and not giving the information. 1. The name of a member preferring charges against another should be concealed by the W. C, T. from all per- CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 77 eons, except the members of the investigating committee and the accused at the time of the examination before the committee— G. W. C. T. Dinglej, Me., 9th s., 7. [The G. L. of Maine afterward modified this so far as to prohibit the W. C. T. from giving it to any one, unless called for by a vote of the Lodge, after the committee have reported the charge groundless, and report has been adopted, with a view of prefer- ring charges for malicious accusation.] 2. The name of the complainant may be given to the Committee of Investigation. — Mich., 7th s., 27. - 3. May be kept secret from all but W. C. T.— G. W. C. T. Giles, Wis., 8th s., 25. 4. The name of the complainant must be signed to his complaint, and the W. C. T. should not consider it as a complaint, without it is so signed. — Mich., 7th s., 13. 5. It is necessary that a charge shall be signed, but the W. C. T. should not in any case read the name to the Lodge, or any member, nor is it necessary for the charge to be read to the LodgCj and we know of several instances where it would have been better if no one but the W. C. T., Secre- tary and Committee had known it. He should make or direct the Secretary to make a copy of the charge, without the name of the accuser, and give to the Committee of Investigation, who will furnish a copy to the accused. The names of the witnesses should be appended to the charge, but the charge is valid without them. If in order to ascertain the names of witnesses (when not appended to the charge), or to enable the Committee to properly investigate the case, the name of the member making the charge is material, the W. C. T. will furnish it to the Committee ; and if the accused at any time, be- fore or during the progress of the trial, makes the claim to the W. C. T. that the accuser's name is material to his defense, and the W. C. T. deems that such knowledge is 78 CHARGES FOE VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. material to such defense, he is permitted to give it to the accused. This decision is believed to be in strict keeping with the spirit of Article 8, Section 1, Uniform Constitution, now in force in this State. Hitherto in Pennsylvania the accu- ser has been summoned before the Committee, and obliged to appear under penalty for contempt, wliether necessary as a witness or not. He appeared as a 'prosecutor^ and the proceedings assumed the nature of a suit in court, where party is arraigned against party, and witnesses taking sides, rather than a method of discipline in a great moral society. In consequence of the bitterness of feeling engen- dered under the old practice, many members, especially sisters, have been deterred from preferring charges. So much of Section 10, Article 6, of By-Laws recom- mended by G. Lodge for Subordinate Lodges, as conflicts with this decision, is not binding. — G. W. C. T. Chase, 1868. 6. In all cases when charges are preferred in Subordi- nate Lodges for offenses, the charge should be handed to the W. C. T. without being made known in the Lodge, or to any member thereof, except those immediately inter- ested as a Committee of Investigation, witness or counsel, until the Committee make a report on a particular case. — O., 14th s., 39. 7. In Newton Lodge, No. 68, Iowa, the W. C. T. was informed in writing that Bro. Helm had violated his obli- gation, and thereupon a Committee was appointed to investigate it. The Committee met, and neither witnesses nor accused appeared ; the Committee, at the next meet- ing of the Lodge, reported that there was nothing upon which to prefer a charge, which report was adopted by the Lodge. Bro. Helm then demanded of the W. C. T. the name of the informant, claiming that a charge had been wilfully and maliciously preferred against him, and the matter being referred to the Deputy for a decision, as to his right to know the same, he held that he had no such CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 79 right, which decision was sustained by Grand Lodge. — Iowa, 8th s., 25. 8. A charge may be legal though the names of witnesses are not attached.— G. W. C. T. Dillingham, N. H., 35. 9. And may be signed by more than one member. — K. W. G. T. Orne, 17th s., 816. 10. Charges for contempt, as well as all others, must be in writing.— G. W. C. T. Benton, K. I., 5th s., 8. 11. A member against whom a charge is pending, may prefer a charge. — Mass., 818. 12. In preferring a charge against a member, a personal knowledge of the offence committed is not necessary. — Iowa, 8th s., 41. 13. A charge against a member should specify as clearly and with as much particularity as may be consistent, the nature of the accusation, with the time and place, so that the person accused may have an opportunity to meet the allegations. If the charge simply alleges that the accused has broken Article Second of the Constitution, or the Pledge, or his obligation, it will not be held insufficient, although in such cases the accused may rightfully claim an adjournment of the hearing before the Committee, after having had the specific allegations brought out. A charge alleging generally that a member has acted unworthily of a Good Templar, is insufficient. — G. W. C. T. Dingley, Me., 9th s., 7. G. T., vol. v. 77. 14. Charges should be definite and distinct, but irregu- larity or indefinileness does not bar the right of investiga- tion.— 111., 103. 15. Q. — Is an accusation in the following form, such an • one as the accused are bound to defend, they having ob- jected because it was too general, and cited no time or place ?^ " Nov. 27, 1866.— I charge Bros. H. S. and M. G. with violation of pledge and obligation, being intoxicated at different times within the past few weeks. — A. B. & C." A. — If intended as a complaint only, it is sufficiently 80 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. definite ; if as a charge, it would be better to specify the number of weeks ; but even then the informality would not be sufficient to invalidate the proceedings. — G. W. C. T. Eussell, 13th s., 18. 16. There must be some offence specified to make a charge valid. — N. H., 35. 17. Dating a charge at a place does not imply that the place of date is the place where'' the ofience was com- mitted.— O., 9th s., 19. 18. Where the accused claims that a charge is defective, or not sufficiently specific, it is his duty to appear and plead such defect. If he absents himself, even though he send in his claim of defective charge in writing, he is lia- ble to be dealt with for contempt. In all cases where the accused claims defective charges or charges made by in- competent persons, he should appear and make his objec- tions to the form of charge, and make his defense as best he can ; then he will be in a position to take advantage of all these deficiencies on appeal, the only way to have irregularities reviewed. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 19. The names of the witnesses are no part of the spe- cification of the charges to be given the accused. — O., 9th, 19. 20. When the W. C. T. prefers a charge against a mem- ber of his Lodge, the Committee of Investigation should be appointed by the W. V. T. — Iowa, 2d s., 11. 21. The member preferring a charge should not be appointed upon the Committee of Investigation* — Iowa, 11th s., 7. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. 22. Placing the only witness in the case on the Com mittee of Investigation is irregular, and not strictly ju to the accused.— Mo., 11th s., 7. G. W. C. T*. Chase, P 1868. 23. The Committee to investigate a charge should con- sist of members belonging to the same Lodge as the ac- cused.— Com., 9th s., 17. CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 81 24. Cannot a Degree member, who has been connected with a Degree Temple, but which may have ceased to exist as a Temple, be tried by the members of said Temple, even if they are members of another Lodge ? No.— E. W. G. T. Orne. 25. If the W. C. T. appoints a Committee, the Lodge may, by vote, strike out any member of such committee, and appoint another. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. 26. The W. C. T. need not read in open Lodge the charge or complaint against an offending member, before appointing Committees of Investigation. — O., 4th s., 20. 27. When charges are preferred, it is not in order to entertain a motion to indefinitely postpone. Lodges are bound to investigate.— G. W. C. T. Way, Ind., 13th s., 7. 28. An accused member may object to any member of the committee for cause ; but the Lodge is to determine the validity of the objection. — Ind., 17th s., 38. 29. In charges for violation of the pledge, the Com- mittee of Investigation are not confined, in hearing evi- dence, to the precise day or place set forth in the accusa- tion, but may hear as evidence any facts calculated to sustain the charge, which may have occurred within any reasonable time, either before^or after the day fixed in the accusation, or at any other place. — Pa., 2d s., 8. 30. A joint accusation may be preferred against two or more members for an offense committed by them jointly, and the Investigating Committee may proceed to try them jointly, or separately, as the case may require, but in no case shall any one be deprived by a joint charge, or trial, of the evidence of any member implicated with him in such accusation. — Ibid. 31. A member who is under charge cannot prefer a charge against another, until the disposition of his own charge ; but, after he may be acquitted, he can prefer a charge for an offense that may have been committed while his own charge was pending. — Wis. 7th s., 29. 6 82 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 32. A charge cannot be entertained against a member for violation of obligation prior to re-instatement, after he or she has been re-obligated, notwithstanding the charge may be based upon a separate specification. — Mo., 14th s., 15. 33. A second charge cannot be preferred against a member for the same offense. — Ibid. 34. A charge cannot be preferred against a member for conduct previous to joining, which was not developed or known until after he became a member. — 111., 6th s., 26. Me., 9th s., 8. 35. A member holding a clearance-card cannot prefer a charge against a member of the Lodge. A charge hav- ing been preferred by one holding a clearance-card, and having been investigated by the committee, and reported sustained, upon coming up for final disposition, was de- clared void by G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 18. 36. A charge for violating the obligation of the Subor- dinate Lodge should be preferred in, tried, and decided by the Lodge of which the accused is a member. — K. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s., 9. 37. When a member has good reason to believe that a member of another Lodge has violated Art. 2, he should notify that Lodge at once. — Cal., 5th s., 23. 38. Has not a member a right, and is it not his duty, to prefer charges against a member of another Lodge when such member is in good standing, and has sufficient ground for preferring charges ? Yes ; but the charges must be preferred strictly in ac- cordance with the requirements of Sec. 1. Art. 8, of the Constitution, to secure anv notice or attention. — R. W. G. T. Orne, 816. 39. There is no particular time for which a charge holds good against a member who has never had a trial, —Mass., 215. 40. A Committee of Investigation should be appointed CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 83 in all cases, to try a member for unworthy conduct, unless such unworthy conduct took place in open Lodge, or the accused pleads guilty. — Ind., 10th s., 20. 41. If one or two members of an Investigating Com- mittee resign, the first business of the W. C. T. is to fill such vacancy, and a Lodge has no right to allow one or two to do that which the Constitution says shall be done by three. — Mich., 7th s., 13. 42. A W. C. T. has no authority to fill vacancies in a Committee of Investigation, outside of the sessions of the Lodge. The Secretary's minutes must show who compose the committee. — Mich., 13th s., 27. 43. Where both parties agree to try the case by two members of the committee, neither can afterward repu- diate that agreement. — 111., 16th s., 42. 44. Written notice of charges must be given, though the accused be present, and is verbally notified by the committee. — 111., 1859. 45. Mailing a notice to the accused's last known ad- dress, at least thirty days previous to the trial, is due notice of the trial.— 111., lOth s., 36. 46. A notice sent through the mail, to a member charged with violation of Article II. is legal. — Wis., 5th s., 34. 47. The Committee of Investigation must all be present during the investigation, and a majority sign the report in all cases. Illinois has once made a similar decision to this, and the next session after reversed it. The first was correct. Unquestionably, a member charged with an ofiense has a right to be tried by all the members of the committee. True it is that, in ordinary matters referred to committees, a majority of such committee can act ; but there seems to be wide reasons for a departure from the general rule here, and require all the members of an Investigating Committee to constitute a quorum for the trial of the ac- cused. It may be the absent member of the committee 84 CHARGES I OR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. is the one in whose ability, impartiality, and influence the accused has the most confidence ; and he has a right to presume, in case a majority find the charge sustained, that the presence of the absent one would have so in- fluenced the majority, as to change the result in his favor. We cannot be too careful of our safe-guards around the accused, and one of the most important of these is, that all the committee should be present, to hear and deter- mine charges for violation of obligation. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 15. 48. A Committee of Investigation ought not to proceed with the trial when accused, who has been notified, has sent in a valid excuse for his absence. — G. W. C. T. Haw- kins, Iowa, 14th s., 58. 49. Where a charge is preferred against a member who is confined in jail the committee notify him properly, but the member, being restrained of his liberty, cannot ap- pear ; the committee have no right to proceed to try him, nor to report him guilty of contempt. The proper way should be to visit the offending member, or to ask the Lodge to postpone action in his case. — Wis., 5th s., 34. 50. A member on trial for violation of the pledge may appear by counsel, provided he be a member of the Order. —Mich., 7th s., 26. Pa., 38. N. H., 66. 51. A member under charge is not competent to act as counsel. — Mich., 14th s., 38. | 52. Any person whose testimony would be received iri| a court of justice can give evidence in the case of trials' by Investigating Committees. — 111., 103. Also, Can., Mo., Vt., Cal., and Iowa. The accuser should be admitted as a witness. — Iowa, 7th s., 26. 53. Also the accused. As a matter of course, the com- mittee must judge of the value of the testimony, especially should it conflict with the testimonv of other witnesses.-^ K. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s., 9. Vt. 5th s., 6. 54. If a Committee of Investigation are knowing to CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 85 facts which cannot be proven by others, they can be allowed U) testify in a case— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 19. 55. But the Committee have no power to administer an oath.— Wis., 4th s., 38. N. Y., 5th s., 7. 56. Depositions of witnesses cannot be taken to be read before a committee investigating charges for violation of Obligation or Constitution. — G. W. C. T. Martin, Iowa, 3d s., 17. 57. Unless ordered by the Lodge of which the accused is a member, on notice to the accused ; when they may be used upon trial.— 111., 7th s., 33. Vt., 5th s., 6. 58. A Committee of Investigation have no right to ad- mit " hearsay " testimony, but may admit the affidavit or deposition of an infirm, absent or sick witness, when the Lodge orders such deposition taken, upon notice to the accused.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 19. 59. The published statement of a member may be con- sidered in evidence against him, but the court trying him will, of course, determine the weight of the evidence. — R. W. G. T. Eussell, 19th s., 16. 60. Where testimony is conflicting on a charge, the Sub- ordinate Lodge is the only proper judge of the credibility of testimony, and such judgment ought in no case to be criticised by the G. Lodge. — Wis., 12th s., 42. 61. Q. — Suppose A. and B., both members of same Lodge, are travelling together, and A., in presence of B., takes from his pocket a bottle and drinks of spirituous liquors. On their return, B., as in duty bound, prefers charges against A., and A. denies it. Is B.'s testimony before the Committee or Lodge sufficient to convict? A, — It is, if believed. Questions of veracity and cred- ibility must be determined by the Committee or Lodge, the same as by courts and juries. — G. W. C. T. Chase, 1868. 62. — Is the evidence of a member of the Order in good standing to be equalled or overbalanced by one of the 86 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. i members of a firm charged with violating law, they not j being Goorl Templars? A. — Witnesses of equal intelligence and equal standing in the community for integrity and truthfulness, in the judgment of the tribunal before whom they are testifying, will be received as equal, without reference to the question whether one of them is or is not a Good Templar. If one of them was found to be interested in the issue of the question on which he is testifying, it might affect his cred- ibility, but not his competency as a witness. — G. W. C. T. Hawkins, Iowa, 14th s., 8. 63. Committees of Investigation are not only to inquire into the facts involved, but consider so much of the letter of the Constitution and By-Laws, together with the legal- ized interpretation of the same as bears on the case, be- fore determining the guilt or innocence of the accused or making anv recommendation of penalty to the Lodge. — Id.; G. W. C. T. Tallcott, Conn., 6th s., 45. 64. In Quaker City Lodge, during the progress of an investigation of a charge for violation of obligation, appli- cation was made by the accused to the District Deputy to enjoin the Committee of Investigation from all farther proceedings, on the ground of alleged informalities of the charge, errors in appointing committee, etc., which was granted by the District Deputy. Bedded by G. W. C. T., that a Committee of Investigation cannot be restrained in their proceedings by a Deputy or G. W. C. T., but that the accused must wait until their report is made and acted upon by the Lodge, and then look to an appeal for redress of any grievance.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s. 65. A Committee upon a charge for violation of Art. 2 met, and only one witness appearing in obedience to the subpoena, adjourned after hearing that witness, and reported progress at next meeting of the Lodge, and asked for a continuation, so that they could hear all the evidence. A motion was made to discharge the committee, as there was no evidence against him, which the W. C. T. CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 87 rightly refused to entertain. A motion was then made to reject the report of the committee, which was carried. The W. C. T., not deeming this right, submitted it to G. W. C. T. Chase. Decided, That the committee have the powei to adjourn the hearing upon a charge from time to time until they have elicited all the facts in the case, and then they will make their report ; and in this case, upon mak- ing a report of progress, they are not required to ask a continuance, but should have proceeded with the hearing, even though the Lodge should vote to take the case out of their hands. Trial before a committee is a constitu- tional right, and when a charge is once referred to a com- mittee, the power of the Lodge over such charge and the accused is gone until a report is made from this committee, or they refuse or neglect to take any action in the case. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 19. 66. Q, — Should the W. C. T. entertain a motion to dis- charge a committee which has been appointed to'investi- gate charges preferred against a member, and failed to act, in order to take a vote to expel the accused? A. — No. Each person charged with an offence, unless in case of contempt committed in open Lodge, is entitled to an in- vestigation or trial before a committee ; if a committee appointed fail to act, the Lodge should appoint a new one. — Id. 67. If, after a charge has been preferred and referred to a committee, the accused in open Lodge denies the specific charge, but admits a violation of his obligation, the case ia not taken out of the hands of the committee. The Lodge may discharge if it see fit. Nor if he pleads guilty in open Lodge, but in the latter case, if the Lodge should fix his punishment immediately, the committee would be discharged by virtue of such action. A Lodge may consent to receive an acknowledg- ment after a charge has been made and referred. If the accused acknowledges his guilt to one of the com- mittee, and the knowledge of this admission is brought to 88 CHARGES FOR ViOLATIOIT OF PLEDGE. the committee, they could not report the charge not sii«- tained. — Neb., 5th s., 41. 68. If one under charge pleads guilty to one of the com- mittee, report can be made without further investigation.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 44. 69. A member cannot be legally tried in Committee of tlie Whole.— R. W. G. T. Orne, 17th s., 816. 70. If a charge is preferred against a member or mem- bers, and said charge is dismissed by a vote of the Lodge without any investigation, does said Lodge forfeit its charter ? That must be left to the judgment of the Grand Lodge or its Executive Committee. — Id. 71. Q. When a charge is preferred, committee ap- pointed, met, and the accused did not appear, what should be done ? A. If the accused had timely notice, the committee can proceed to investigate the case the same as though he was present, appointing some one to act as counsel for him, or they may at once make a report of his default, and recommend such punishment for the contempt as they deem sufficient. — G. W. C. T. Hawkins, Iowa, 14th s., 8. 72. When an accused member fails to appear at the time of the citation to answer the charges, and renders no sufficient excuse, he is in contempt, and may be ex- pelled by the Lodge. — Iowa, 7th s., 10. 73. When a member is cited to appear for trial, and does not appear, a motion to expel for contempt is in order before the charges are sustained. — Mich., 8th s., 18. 74. A committee reports the accused guilty of contempt in not appearing for trial ; the Lodge immediately, and in the absence of the accused, votes to expel her. Held to be error. The accused must have proper notice of the charge of contempt, and be affi^rded a reasonable oppor- tunity to render the sufficient excuse " provided for in the Constitution.— G. W. C. T. De Wolf, 0. 15th s., 58. CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 89 75. An accused member cannot be reported " guilty of contempt " for refusing to appear before a Committee of Trial on the Sabbath-day ; for the reason that it involves a question of conscience. — Pa., 14th s., 13. 76. The ordinary signs, such as whisky-breath, red face, foolish talk, and a little reeling, in a member, are sufficient evidence, if clearly proven^ to sustain an action. — Ibid. G. W. C. T. Campbell, Mo., 11th s., 8. O., 5th s., 11. 77. A report on a charge should be put in writing by the committee, or some one for them, and signed by the committee.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 78. An offending brother must be notified when the report of a Committee of Investigation is to be acted upon, that he may appear and make his defense, if he have any. —Iowa, 8th s., 18. 79. And he cannot be expelled, unless notice of the trial has been given him. — 111., 1857. 80. A notice to an accused member to appear before the Lodge at the time when action is to be had on his case is not legal, unless the said notice has the Lodge seal at- tached.— G. W. C. T. Tallcott, Conn., 6th s., 48. 81. Or a statement that the Lodge has no seal. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. 82. All official notices should be under seal, if the Lodge has one.— P. R. W. G. T. Chase, 1870. 83. A Lodge, with the consent of the accused, may waive the right of notice, and go into trial on the night that the committee make their report, finding a member guilty of violation of law. The provision making it the duty of the Lodge to notify the accused of the time of trial was made for the benefit of the latter ; consequently, if he is ready for trial, and wishes the case to be con- sidered without further postponement, the Lodge may so determine.—G. W. C. T. Campbell, Mo., 11th s., 8. 84. Where the report of the committee was acted upon at the meeting of its being received by the Lodge, the accused being present and making no objection, and being 90 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. heard in defense by counsel, held to be a waiver of notice, and of the requirement for report to lie over one week. — N. Y., 6th s., 45. 85. A motion to adopt the report of an Investigating Committee is in order, and the vote must be by ballot. — G. W. C. T. Walkley, Conn., 4th s., 14. 86. When a Committee on Charges bring in an illegal report, the Lodge should not receive it, but refer it back to the same or another committee. — 111., 13th s., 16. 87. A Committee of Trial reporting a charge not sus- tained, the Lodge, on statement of the accuser that new evidence has been discovered, has a right to re-commit , before adopting the report. — Pa., 14th s., 14. 88. A charge may be withdrawn by unanimous consent of the Lodge, upon the accuser stating in open Lodge that he made the charge in good faith, but, upon investigation, he has become satisfied that the accused is innocent. — Iowa, 2d s., 11. 89. Q. A member of a Lodge preferred charges against a brother, in good faith, handing them to the W. C. T. at the commencement of the session; before the time arrived for the W. C. T. to refer them to a special committee, the member who preferred them became satisfied that he was wrong ; that the charges ought not to have been preferred, and applied to the W. C. T. for permission to withdraw the said charges ; this was refused by the W. C. T., he alleging that the prosecuting witness had no control over them after leaving his hands. Should the W. C. T. have allowed the member preferring to have withdrawn the charges ? A, He should.— G.W. C. T. Hawkins, Iowa, 14th s., 8. 90. A Committee of Investigation can be discharged by the Lodge, and a new one appointed, before a report has been made.— N. Y., 2d s., 22. 91. In case of a special charge of violation of obligation, stating time and place, and the committee are unable sustain said special charge, evidence of previous or su CHAKGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 91 sequent violations is admissible and sufficient to convict. — N. Y., 2d s., 22. 92. The Lodge is bound, in all cases, to receive the confession of an erring brother, whether made in open Lodge, or before the committee. — Ibid. 93. A committee should not be sustained in presenting resolutions to the Lodge, for their action, without the testimony upon which they based their resolutions. — Ibid. 94. When Committees of Investigation upon charges shall report to the Lodge, and there shall be found any illegality in the proceedings, or omission of duty on the part of the committee, it is the duty of such Lodge to refer the matter back to the same, or a new committee, for further action. The decision of a -Subordinate Lodge, in matters of this kind, would not be legal unless the duties of the Investigating Committee were constitution- ally performed. — Pa., 4th s., 20. 95. It is not proper for a committee to write down and read in open Lodge statements that a witness may make in relation to a person not a member of the Order, nor concerned in the trial. Everything irrelevant to the case under consideration should be excluded. — G. W. C. T. Campbell, Mo., 11th s., 8. 96. Q. Should a Lodge adopt the report of an Investi- gating Committee when they verbally report the charge sustained, and should the Lodge adopt the report before hearing the testimony ? A, The Lodge should hear the testimony before action upon the charges preferred, which testimony should be written.— Mich., 13th s., 27. 97. Q. When charges are preferred against a member, is it the duty of the Committee of Investigation to furnish the accused with a copy of the collected testimony before making their report to the Lodge ? A, The accused cannot claim such a copy as a right, but, as a matter of courtesy, there is no reason why he 92 CHABGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. should not be allowed to make a copy for himself. — G. W. C. T. White, Vt., 5th s., 6. 98. Upon the question to adopt the report of a Com- mittee of Investip^ation, whether the committee recom- mend fine, suspension, or expulsion, the evidence taken ^ before the committee should be read in open Lod^^e ; J nevertheless, when the evidence is of an improper cha- ?j racter to be read in open session, and so reported by the * committee, a Lodge is justified in passing a resolution to adopt, without hearing the evidence read, such evidence being placed on file and open to inspection. — 111., 163. 99. A brother was charged with drinking intoxicating spirits. The committee reported charge not sustained, and the Lodge adopted the report. An appeal was taken on ground that the evidence was not correctly reported by the committee to the Lodge. The appeal was sustained by the Grand Lodge, the action of the Lodge reversed, and the case remanded for a new trial. — 111., 11th s., 45. 100. Has a defendant, having failed to present any evidence before the committee, a right to bring his proof before the Lodge at its final hearing, or is he limited to the discussion of the evidence placed before the com- mittee ? A, He is limited to the discussion of evidence placed before the committee.— G. W. C. T. Gill, Mass., 818. 101. When a committee fail to report at the proper time, it is not right for the Lodge to dismiss the com- plaint, but the committee should have further time granted them, or the charge be referred to a new com- mittee. — Ibid. 102. Has the accused, after making his defense before the Lodge, a right to remain at the subsequent discussion of the case, retiring only when the time for taking the vote is reached, or do the words " then retire " mean immediately at the close of his own defense ? A. He must retire immediately at the close of his own defense. He has no right to stay while the Lodge is dis- CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 93 cussing the question of his guilt or innocence, and decid- ing on a verdict— G. W. C. T. Gill, Mass., 818. 103. The Lodge having refused to sustain a charge against a brother, and the Secretary having notified the brother of the fact, the Lodge cannot, after that meeting, reconsider the vote and sustain the charge. — G. W. C. T. EiisselJ, Mich., 13th s., 18. 104. When a member has been regularly tried upo» charges and acquitted, the action cannot be reconsidered by the Lodge, nor can he be arraigned for the same of- fence. — Iowa, 8th s., 35. 105. Q. Suppose a Lodge excuses by vote any wrong done by a member, can the Lodge go back for a month or more and call it up ? A. No.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 61. This decision is based upon the assumption that the Lodge means by " Excuse voting, the act done not a violation. 106. When a Committee of Investigation report a charge not sustained, the report must be acted upon by the Lodge before the accused member is released. — Mich., 7th s., 27. 107. When an Investigating Committee report a charge not sustained, the Lodge must either adopt the report (in which case the proceedings are at an end), or re-commit the charge to the same committee or to a new committee, for further investigation. When the committee report the charge sustained, the Lodge may re-commit for further investigation or lay over till the trial. — G. W. C. T. Ding- ley, Me., 9th s., 8. 108. Where a committee report a charge not sustained, it must lie on the table one week, the same as a report sustaining charges, and the vote adopting the report must be by ballot.— G. W. C. T. Chase, 18th s., 43. 109. When Committee of Investigation find the chargea against an accused member sustained, the report should be acted upon at the regular meeting at which the accused 04 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. is cited to appear, if not for good reasons postponed. — > 'Mich., 9th s., 18. 110. When a member has been regularly tried upon charges and acquitted, the action cannot be reconsidered by the Lodge, nor can he be arraigned for the same of- fence. — Iowa, 8th s., 35. 111. Where a trial is fairly conducted in a Lodge and the accused is acquitted, the action of the Lodge on ques- tions of fact is final.— Pa., 18th s., 39; K Y., 6th s., 45. 112. In trying a member for a violation of his obliga- tion, it is not right to go into the Committee of the Whole. The W. C. T. must be in the chair.— Iowa, 11th s., 7. 113. Q, If charges are brought against a suspended member, should the W. C. T. admit such member to the Lodge room at the meeting for final trial ? A, Suspended members can claim no such privilege, yet if the Lodge think it necessary to an impartial trial they may be admitted during the trial, but must retire before the vote is taken, nor should any such person be admitted who had before been disorderly or refractory in Lodge.— G. W. C. T. Carr, 111., 13th s., 16. 114. If a person holding a Clearance Card is charged With a violation of his pledge, he should be allowed to appear before the committee and the Lodge to defend his cause.— G. T., vol. 7., 10. 115. And if such a member should be expelled, his card should be demanded of him. — Ibid. 116. One against whom charges have been preferred and sustained cannot vote in the Lodge until he is reinstated. — G. W. C. T. Potter, N. J., 4th s., 9. 117. Where a Lodge has received a member on card, such Lodge has jurisdiction over offences committed prior to the date of the card on which he was received. — N. Y., 6th s., 67. 118. Q. If a member of a Lodge brings a charge against a member, and upon trial produce no evidence, and in the CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 95 opinion of the Lodge the charge was malicious against Buch brother, is not the brother bringing said charge also Bubject to a charge and trial for such offense ? A. It is a matter entirely within the jurisdiction of the Lodge, unless it comes up in the form of an appeal to the Grand Lodge. — Mass., 216. 119. Q. Where a Lodge is satisfied that a charge has been maliciously made against a member for the purpose of retaliation or revenge simply, can it refuse to accept and act upon it ? A. How can it be satisfied without investigation ? A Lodge cannot refuse to entertain charges when legally preferred, but he who maliciously prefers false charges must atone to an offended law. — Wis., 12th s., 22. 120. On a plea of guilty, no reference is necessary to a committee, but the Lodge may proceed at once to impose the penalty.— Min., 3d s., 210 ; Can., vol, 14, p. 35 ; G. W. a T. Potter, N. J., 4th s., 9. 121. On a member^s adrnksion of a violation of his obligation, the Lodge can fix the penalty without having a charge preferred, a committee appointed and a trial had.— Wis., 7th s., 29. 122. But some penalty must always be imposed. The Lodge cannot reinstate on motion without fixing a penalty. — K. W. G. L., 9th s.; Ind., 7th s., 8.; Mich., 14th s., 38. 123. Q, Should a committee be appointed to inquire in what particular members have violated the pledge, when they confess a violation in open Lodge ? A. If the member is present and makes his confession orally, and is not sufiiciently explicit, the Lodge may ques- tion him. If it is ivritten, and is not explicit, the Lodge should appoint a committee. — {Kansas, 2d s., 16. 124. Admission of guilt to individual members of an Investigating Committee does not deprive an accused member of his right to a trial before the Lodge. The admission intended by the Constitution, in order to render it proper for the Lodge to forthwith proceed to punish 96 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. J without trial, must be made to the committee, as a wholM sitting to investigate the case. — G. W. C. T. Dingley, M9 9th s., 8. ^ 125. Tn case of contempt in open Lodge by a member, tho Lodge has a right to expel without the appointment of Committee of Investigation. — O., 4th s., 21 ; Mich., 16th s., 28. ~ 126. But must always be at the same meeting when thei contempt is committed. — Wis., 6th s., 38. 127. A case of contempt committed in open Lodge may be laid upon the table for future action. — Wis., 6th s., 21. 128. But when so laid over, then a committee should be appointed to report the facts to another meeting, which, might be composed of many who were not present when the offence was committed, and would not be competent to vote upon the expulsion of the member, and then the vote must be had upon the report of the committee. — G» W. C. T. Hastings; Ibid., 38; 111., 9th s., 10. 129. In case of contempt, not committed in open Lodge, as for instance when a member notified by a Committee of Investigation to give evidence before it, refuseSy the charge must be referred to a committee, as in other cases of violation of the obligation. — Mich., 7th s. Appeal of N. J. Shannon. 130. The vote to expel must be by ballot. — Pa., 4th s., 19. [So also it should be to suspend, fine or repri- mand.] 131. It has been decided (Wis., 4th s., 19), that in case: of contempt it is not necessary to vote by ballot to expel) the member. That the adoption of the report by the' usual vote expelled the member. This is erroneous. The vote to inflict the penalty should be by ballot, the samei as if found guilty upon a charge preferred and investi^ gated by a committee. — R. W. G. T. Chase. 4 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 97 132. Lodges cannot suspend or expel by acclamation. — Iowa, 8th s., 38. 133. A Lodge cannot expel a member for contempt, by a vote of the uplifted hand, nor can a Lodge expel a mem- ber at a special meeting, without stating in the call the object of the meeting. — Wis., 5th s., 34. 134. Q. A member is on trial before a committee; the committee, instead of reporting on the charges referred to them, present a report that the member is guilty of con- tempt, and recommend his expulsion, and the Lodge adopt the report and expel the member. The action of Lodge is reversed, and the member restored by the D. D. on appeal : have the committee a right to go on with the original charges ? A. No ; the committee having presented a final reportj which was adopted by the Lodge, were thereby discharged, there is therefore no committee to take further action in the matter.— G. W. C. T. Tallcott, Conn., 6th s., 12. 135. Q. A charge has been brought against a brother, and a written withdrawal is handed in at the same time, and a committee has been appointed; no witnesses appear, but the brother sends in a written defense of his case, and said committee bring in a report that the committee can- not agree. The Lodge accepts the report of the com- mittee, and appoints a new committee. Does not the withdrawal come in for action before they can appoint a second committee ; and, in such a case, are they not com- pelled to grant the withdrawal request? A, The discharge of the first committee for non-agree- ment does not finish the case. The withdrawal cannot take effect until the charsre is definitely disposed of. — Ibid., 46. 136. A person who openly declares that he has no sym- pathy with his Lodge, and only remains to annoy mem- bers, can be tried and punished for contempt ; but a distinction should be made^between one who seeks to 7 98 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. injure the Order and one who feels aggrieved hy some action of the Lodge. — Ibid., 47. 137. A Lodge may frame a by-law giving the W. C. T. power to fine a member for disorderly conduct ; but, in the absence of such law, regular charges must be made for violation of order, unless the case is so flagrant that it could be considered contempt, in which case action can be had at once.— G. W. C. T. Smith, Mo., 15th s., 41. 138. Q. A member of Lodge B violated Art. 2. The day after the offense was committed he confessed it to a brother, and requested him to report the same to the Lodge, asking also to be re-obligated. Is it necessary in such a case to bring a charge, as the brother reported by proxy? -4. In this case, the brother having admitted the viola- tion to another member of the Lodge, and requested him to report the same to the Lodge, is sufficient to warrant them in proceeding to fix the penalty without having a charge preferred.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 57. 139. When a Subordinate Lodge adopts the recommen- dation of a Committee of Investigation, declaring a per- son guilty of the charges, no further vote of the Lodge is . necessary to determine the guilt of the accused. — Conn.,J 9th s., 48. ^ 140. A violation of a rule of order must be considered, or steps be taken toward considering it, at the same meeting during which it occurred. — R. W. G. L., 18th s., 1049. 14 L So, where a member used disrespectful language toward another, and no notice was taken of it until the next meeting, when a charge was preferred for such lan- guage ; held that the charge could not be entertained, be- cause no notice was taken of it at the time the language was spoken. — Ibid., 1047. 142. If a member charged with violating his pledge pleads guilty before a committee, who report a charge, the Lodge is bound to sustain the charge. — Ind., 6th s., 14. CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 99 143. If, upon a charge for divulging, the accused pleads (thoughtlessly) guilty, the committee cannot report the charges not sustained. — O., 10th s., 18. 144. And a member cannot be permitted to withdraw under such circumstances, until he has been subjected to some prescribed penalty. — Ibid. 145. If a member persistently refuse to obey the com- mands of the W. C. T., making use of insolent language to him and other members, he may be suspended or ex- pelled forthwith. — Ibid. 146. When a member refuses to obey the gavel, it is not necessary to prefer charges, but the Lodge may forthwith affix such penalty as it deems proper. — G. W. C. T. Way, Ind., 13th s., 7. 147. A charge for disorderly conduct in Lodge room, in that the accused refused to obey the directions of the W. C. T., alleging that he was ordered not to obey him by the D. G. W. C. T., who was present at the meeting. The proof substantiates the charge. The W. C. T. is the head of the Lodge, and, while in the chair, must necessarily be clothed with all the powers which parliamentary law gives to a presiding officer. A D. G. W. C. T., when present in a Lodge, unless actually presiding or engaged in his ritualistic duties, should not undertake to give orders to members, nor in- terfere with the duties of the chair, except to offer advice in a kind and respectful manner. If the chair does not heed his proper advice, he should do nothing leading to violence or conflict of authority in the Lodge room ; but should institute, in writing, disciplinary proceedings against him. Upon this principle, we think that the de- fense set up by the accused is untenable. — Mass., 424. 148. Where a Lodge refuses to adopt the report of the committee finding the accused not guilty, the charges should be recommitted, with instructions to make further investigations, or discharge the committee and appoint a new one.— Ind., 17th s., 38. 100 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 149. The mere preference of a charge against a Lodge of which a Grand OflScer is a menaber, does not suspend such Grand Officer, nor prevent him from filling and per- forming his duties as such Grand Officer. — K. W. G. T. Chase, 8th s., 7. Wis., 6th s., 21. 150. An officer of a Lodge is not debarred from dis- charging the duties of his office while charges are pend- ing against him. When the trial is progressing before the Lodge, delicacy would prompt him to suspend work. The law presumes every member innocent until adjudged guilty. If the rule were difierent, an unworthy member might prefer charges against all the officers, and thereby arrest the action of the Lodge; or, a member under charge might procure charges to be preferred against all the members he supposed might vote against him, and thereby defeat the ends of justice. — G. T., vol. 6, 42. Me., 9th s., 8. 151. And a W. C. T. has no right to deprive a member of his seat as an officer of the Lodge while charges are pending against him. — Wis., 6th s., 7. Iowa, 9th s., 24. 152. But he has no right to be present while the vote is being taken on his punishment. — Ind., 12th s., 33. 153. Q. The Constitution, Art. VIIL, sec. 2, says : " The accused shall have an opportunity to speak in his defence, and shall then retire. The Lodge shall then de- cide the question, and if they find him guilty," etc. Now does either the act of his retiring from the Lodge-room, or the action of Lodge finding him guilty, constitute suspension " within the meaning of the latter clause of 2d sec. of Art. YIII. ? Can a member be suspended, ex- cept by a vote of two-thirds of the members present, on a motion to ^' suspend ? A. No ; to both questions. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 43. 154. A charge may be sustained and a member expelled for violation of pledge, where the only proof is that he was seen intoxicated. — Wis., 5th s., 42. CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 101 155. When an accused member pleads, in justification, til at he used the liquor as a medicine, the only testimony that shall be deemed sufficient to exculpate him, shall be the certificate, in writing, of a regular practicing physi- cian, subject, however, to the approval of the Lodge. — Iowa, 7th s., 26. 156. In the case of Bro. Geo. F. Adams, of No. 474, Mo., the evidence showed the taint of brandy, only in the breath of the accused ; but it was admitted by him, that he had drank a medicinal mixture, compounded of one- half brandy, one-quarter laudanum and one-quarter tinc- ture of ginger ; and the verdict of guilty was rendered, on the ground that this mixture was " taken as a medicine, without being prescribed by a physician." On appeal to Grand Lodge, Decided, that the composition of the drink was such, as to preclude the possibility of its being used as a beverage, within the meaning of the Constitution, consequently that the use of the mixture "as a medicine" was not a viola- tion of obligation ; and that the brother should be rein- stated. This case was adjudicated by G. W. C. T. Camp- bell, and approved by G. Lodge. — Mo., 11th s., 7. In this case the G. W. C. T. took the ground that it was not likely that a sensible man like Bro. Adams, would use as a beverage a liquor of which one-fourth part was a deadly poison ; and the brother was rein- stated, cautioned, however, against the indiscreet use, in future, of any medical compoilnd, of which spirit- uous liquor forms a part. 157. The smell of liquor upon a member^s breath is not sufficient evidence within itself to convict for a violation of his obligation. — Iowa, 11th s., 7. Query. — Would it not be sufficient, where the member's breath is constantly polluted by the fumea of whisky ? 102 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 158. A brother was charged with drinking wine. Tes- timony was offered to prove that he drank cider. The W. C. T. was called upon to decide whether the commit- tee was confined to the one charge mentioned, or could hear evidence of other violations of his pledge, not men- tioned in the charge. He decided that they were confined to the one charge mentioned. The Grand Lodge, on ap- peal, sustained the decision of the W. C. T., because the particular specifications, with reasonable clearness, are required to be set forth, and a true copy of the same placed in the hands of the accused, that he may be noti- fied of the charges against him, and be enabled to prepare his defense. — 111., 11th s., 44. 159. Q. A member was charged with violating By- Law No. 11 ; the proof showed that he had been seen to enter a billiard saloon and play at that game once only ; liquor being kept for sale in said saloon. The committee decided that the evidence did not show that the member had become addicted to any vicious or immoral habits that would disgrace himself, or bring the Order into dis- repute, and so reported. The charge was not sustained. Should it have been ? A. No ; and the charge should not have been brought, unless there was proof or evidence to sustain it. — G. W. C. T. Hawkins, Iowa, 14th s., 9. 160. A member, guilty of a crime, subjecting him to criminal prosecution, must have a charge preferred, and be regularly tried. The facts of a conviction in a court of justice, however, •vvould be abundant evidence for a committee to report the charge sustained. — G. W. C. T. Spencer, ()., 10th s., 23. 161. Q. A brother got excited in open Lodge and said if certain things were not satisfactorily arranged within a reasonable time, he would not meet any more with the Lodge. (He did not say he would withdraw.) Two weeks had elapsed, and on the second meeting of the Lodge a motion was made to expel him, when a question arose, Should not a charge be preferred?" The W. C CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 103 T. decided it not necessary, because the brother said in open Lodge that he would not meet with it any more. He was expelled and had no notice of the fact until the quar- ter was out for which he had paid dues. The brother felt aggrieved — that he never intended to withdraw from the Order, but to pay his dues and not be an attending mem- ber. The question is, should charges have been preferred and the brother notified, that he could have made a de- fence ? A. Yes. No member can be expelled without due notice that a charge is preferred, except as is laid down in the law, or upon a voluntary plea of guilty. — Ind., 7th 8., 9. 162. A member was charged with violation of his pledge, by drinking ale, and was cited regularly to appear for trial. At time of trial he appeared and said he was not ready for trial, and would not be for one year. The Lodge proceeded with the trial and expelled him. De- cision sustained by Grand Lodge as regular, on appeal. — Iowa, 7th s., 10. 163. If a member be admitted into a Lodge, and it is afterward charged that such member has committed some offence which made him amenable to the laws of the land, such member can be tried and expelled from the Lodge, although such crime had been committed before he be- came a member of the Order. — Kansas, 1862. 164. A charge may be preferred against a Lodge Deputy, lie is as much under jurisdiction of a Subordinate Lodge as any other member. — O. P., vol. 1, No. 1. 165. A charge may be preferred for slander. — Vt., 5th 8., 16. 166. Violations of the Kules of Order are not triable as provided in Art. 8 of the C5onstitution. — Mich., 11th s., 14. That is, not triable like violations of the pledge or obligation. See ante. Sec. 140-1. 104 CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 167. If a charge be brought against a member, and the member bringing it refuses to appear before the Commit- tee of Investigation, such charge can be brought again. — Wis., 6th s., 21. Of course it can, but it is not necessary to brin<]r the charge again. The committee can proceed and investigate the charge whether the accuser appears before them or not. If it is necessary for the accuser to appear before the committee, either as a witness, or to aid the committee in their investigation, they may summon him, and if he refuse to obey the sum- mons he is in contempt, and may be punished there- for. 168. Where a member has been suspended for three months for a violation of the pledge, the decision may be reconsidered by the Lodge any time during his suspen- sion.— Mich., 7th s., 26. This decision is erroneous. The motion to recon- sider such action must be made at the same meeting, though, if not desirable to act upon it, the action upon the motion to reconsider might be postponed to any future time, within the period of his suspen- sion. 169. The report of a committee appointed to investi- gate charges, properly comes under the Order of Business, Reports of Special Committees,'' after initiation. — 111., 6th s., 26. 170. In Lincoln Lodge, No. 618, 111., a brother was chargefl with frequenting a saloon with others, and drink- ing. The accused admitted the visiting the saloon and drinking, but demanded the evidence that what he drank was intoxicating. The committee reported the evidence not sufficient to sustain the charge. The Lodge sustained I CHARGES FOR VIOLATION OF PLEDGE. 105 the report, and acquitted the accused. G-. W. C. T. Carr, on the appeal, sustained the appeal, and remanded the case for a new trial, as the action of the Lodge was not according to law, testimony or the accused's own confes- sion. Tlie Grand Lodge sustained the G. W. C. T.— 111., 13th s., 17 and 68. 17L In Fidelity Lodge, No. 322, certain members were suspected of revealing the P. W. The W. 0. T., acting the part of a secret detective, gave to them a fictitious word, which, after testing at a neighboring Lodge, one of tliem revealed. The W. C. T. brought charge against him for revealing the password. The committee reported charges not sustained, which the Lodge approved. Grand Lodge, on appeal, dismissed the appeal, upon the ground that as the brother never had ihe password, he could not be guilty of revealing it. — 111., 13th s., 18 and 68. A brother was charged with writing the current pass- word on a Meeting House, and tried, found guilty and expelled. He appealed, on the ground that he did not receive the password from a member of the Lodge, which appeal was dismissed, and the Lodge sustained. 172. A member has no right to divulge the password, no matter how he became possessed of it. 2. Writing or scribbling anything on a church is unbecoming a Good Templar.— Ibid, 13th s., 19. 173. Q. Is a brother who has been found guilty of a charge by a committee, liable to a charge for persuading members to go to Lodge and vote against the adoption of the report of said committee ? A. No.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 46. - 174. Q. Can continued non-attendance form the ground of a charge preferred against a brother, who, after being remonstrated with, still persists in it, without any valid excuse ? Could it result in a sentence of suspension or expulsion, although the fees have been regularly paid ? A, Yes ; a part of the final charge of the W. C. T. to the initiate \i -Jiat *'you are expected to be present at all 106 CHARTERS. our meetings;" and a willful, unexcused and continued absence from Lodge meetings is actionable, and may be punished as the Lodge may deem best. — P. R. W. G. T. Chase, G. L. Scotland, 223. Charters. | 1. A member who desires to sign an application for a new Lodge, should apply and get a clearance card from his Lodge before he becomes a member of the new Lodge. But, in case he fails to get his clearance card, and is in good standing, clear on the books in his Lodge, he may sign the application and unite with the new Lodge ; but, when he does so, he then dissolves all connection with the former Lodge, and is a member of the new Lodge. If he is not in good standing, or is in arrears, he cannot be a charter member of any Lodge until all arrears are paid, and a clearance card obtained. — G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 2d s., 7. 2. Q. What is the law of our Order touching the grant- ing of charters for Lodges composed of persons of African descent? And (2) as to the expediency of such action? A, There is no law of our Order that would interfere with the granting of charters for Lodges composed of per- sons of African descent ; and my own opinion is that it would be expedient to encourage them in every way in our power, to protect themselves from the evils of intem- perance, and to aid us in our efforts to drive intemperance from the land. I have a most earnest desire that, in meet- ing questions of this kind, the Order of Good Templars may always take the high ground of Christian principle, and trust in God that all will be well in the end. — E. W. G.T. Hastings, 12th s., 7. 3. In forming Lodges of colored persons proceed, in all cases, as though they were white. I do not understand that our Order takes into account the color of a person's skin, any more than it does the color of his hair or eyes. — Ibid. CHARTERS, 107 4. All members present on the night of the organiza- tion of a Lodge should be considered charter members, whether their names appear on the charter or not. — R. W. G. L., 12th 8., 40. 5. All whose names are on the application, and are initiated during the first three months, and also any others who may join at the time of the institution of the Lodge, are charter members. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 111., 9th s., 10. Vt., 5th s., 6. 6. The words " charter members in sec. 1 of Art. VIL, Sub. Lodge Cons., refer to Subordinate Lodges, — not De- gree Temples or Degree Lodges, — Ibid. 7. After a Lodge has been instituted, the members have the right to say whether charter applicants shall be received as charter members or not. A two-thirds vote shall de- cide pro or con. We do not vote to elect charter appli- cants after the Lodge is instituted. — G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y. 8. Q. How long after a Lodge is organized can char- ter members be allowed to take the degrees without ballot or probation, and the Lodge be exempt from the five-cents tax to the G. L. ? A, Three months.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 45. 9. Is it proper to allow persons to sign an application for a charter and be initiated as charter members of a new Lodge, who are members of other Lodges, but have not attended the meetings for a year, and say they will never again attend the meetings ? No ; a member must dissolve all connection with one Lodge, either by " card or clearance," or resignation of membership in the Order, before joining another Lodge. — R. W. G. T. Orme, 15th B., 9. 10. A charter member has the right to be initiated during the term in which the Lodge is organized ; but he may be tried for bad conduct, committed after he signs his name as a petitioner, and, if found guilty, he may, by 108 CHARTERS. vote of the Lodge, be refused initiation. — G. W. C. De Wolf, O., 15th s., 58. 11. A Subordinate Lodge has no authority to erase t name of a regular charter member from its charter, afte such member has withdrawn or been expelled from the Order.— Ind., 7th s., 8. 12. It is proper for a Lodge to erase the name of an ap- plicant for charter, who has never presented himself for initiation.— E. W. G. T. Chase, 6th s., 9. 13. When Crescent Lodge, No. 2, Mass., was instituted, three brothers asked cards of clearance from No. 1, they l)eing petitioners for charter No. 2. No. 1 had no cards, and the W. S. gave no certificate, as cards were daily ex- pected from the R. W. G. S. The Deputy waived the informality, and these brothers withdrew. He had re- ceived his card from No. 1, but had neglected to deposit it in No. 2 ; he had signed the Constitution of No. 2, and acted as P. W. C. T. for the first term, but afterward claimed to be yet a member of No. 1. No. 2 Lodge claimed also the right to erase his name from their char- ter. Decided that — ''The members having joined No. 2, thus, cannot after- ward claim to belong to No. 1, even though they had not deposited their cards, and No. 2 Lodge cannot erase their names from the charter." — Ibid. 14. When a Subordinate Lodge, not more than one year in arrears, surrenders its charter, and afterward any of its members who were in good standing at the time of its surrender, desire to revive and go to work again, they may refer the case to the G. W. C. T. and G. W. S., who may, when satisfied, issue a new charter without the usual fee.— III., 1858. 15. A Lodge may voluntarily surrender its charter while under a charge. — Mass., 127. 16. A Lodge cannot be instituted with the understand- ing that no persons, other than those who have indulged in the intoxicating cup, shall be admitted. — Iowa, 14th s., 7. CHABTERS. 109 17. The chartered location or name of a Lodge may be changed by direction of the G. W. C. T., when two- thirds of the members shall vote to ask for the same ; the motion for the same having laid over one week. — Maine, 9th s., 5. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 18. 18. Any wilful infraction of the Constitution, upon a material point, is such a violation as to work a forfeiture of charter. For example, most of our Subordinate Con- stitutions require suspensions or expulsions to be by a majority ballot vote at a regular meetiug — hence expulsion by a viva voce vote, however unanimous, or at a special meeting, would be such a violation of the Constitution as to work a forfeiture of charter. Again, our Constitutions generally require that "applications for degrees shall be accompanied by the amount required therefor." Now, if a Lodge should only require the fee to be paid before the degree was conferred, it would not be such a material vio- lation as to work a forfeiture of charter. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s,, 12. 19. In event that a Subordinate Lodge wilfully violates the Constitution by a vote of the Lodge, it forfeits its charter.— R. W. G. L., 19th s., 98. 20. It is not proper for a Lodge to hold its regular meetings on Sabbath evenings, and such action works a forfeiture of charter.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 6lh s., 9. Ky., 6th s., 40. 21. But it may hold special meetings on the Sabbath. — CaL, 3d s., 10. 22. Any violation by a Lodge of either the Grand or Subordinate Constitution, or a refusal to pay the assess- ments regularly made upon it, works a forfeiture of the charter. Also, refusal to submit to the decrees of the Grand Lodge, or purchasing cards, odes or private work of the Order from any other source than the Grand Lodge, works a forfeiture of the charter. — R. W. G. T. Chase. 23. A Subordinate Lodge has no authority to pass a resolution that no action be taken in cases of drinking 110 CHARTERS. Bweet cider, and any Lodge doing so forfeits its charter. — Wis., 10th s., 23. 24. A Lodge forfeits its charter by striking out of the pledge the word " Cider."— Can., vol. 14, p. 13 ; 111., 1860. 25. A Lodge violates the Constitution by ''excusing a member from all blame" who has violated his pledge, without inflicting some penalty, and is liable to charge. — Ibid., 4. 26. A Lodge refusing to use the Bible in its initiatory ceremony, thereby forfeits its charter. — Can., vol. 9, 14. 27. A Lodge passing a resolution prohibiting the pro- posal and initiation of females and adhering thereto, for- feits its charter. — Can., vol. 15, 12. 28. Subordinate Lodges can suspend alternate meetings without forfeiture of charter, by constitutionally amending their By-Laws.— Min., 6th s., 28. 29. Milwaukee Lodge, No. 136, passed a resolution ask- ing G. W. C. T. to revoke Albert Grant's commission as Deputy, and also asking the said Bro. Grant to resign as a Deputy, Trustee and member of the Lodge. Decided, correctly too, by G. W. C. T. Hastings, not to be repre- hensible, and not to furnish a reason for revoking the charter. — Wis., 6th s., 35. 30. Resolutions passed by a Subordinate Lodge, of a reprehensible character, upon Grand Lodge oflSicers, is a reason for demand of charter. — 111., 162. 31. Keprehensible resolutions are those of censure. Sub- ordinate Lodges have no right to pass such upon a Grand Lodge ofhcer, though they may petition for the removal of such and state their reasons for it, confining them to the fects. For instance, a Lodge petitions the G. W. C. T. to remove a Deputy, stating that he neglects to install their officers; but they would have no right to give as a reason that he had violated his pledge. If such was the fact, a charge should be preferred in a constitutional way, and the Grand Lodge officer properly tried. — K. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 8. CHARTERS. Ill 32. The taking away of the charter of a Lodge is a thing that should never be done, except in cases where the facts are such as to show beyond all question that the good of the Order requires it, and then it should only be done by the authority of the G. W. C. T., or in those cases where others are associated with him in the exercise of those high powers by the body in whom the power is vested. 33. And upon due notice of the proposition to take away such charter having been given to the Lodge, the charter of which is proposed to be taken away, by the G. W. C. T. or his Deputy, for at least two weeks before final action thereon.— R. W. G. L., 12th s., 40. 34. The G. W. C. T., or those associated with him, as officers of the Grand Lodge, during the interim of sessions, or the Grand Lodge when in session, have the right to declare the charter of a Lodge forfeited. — G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 2d s., 7. 35. The Lodge Deputy has the right to surrender the eliarter of his Lodge to the G. W. C. T. any time after it has been declared null and void by lawful authority. — Ibid. 36. When the charter of a Lodge be forfeited and taken away, such a Lodge ceases to exist. — Ibid. 37. In the event the offending Lodge is not unanimous in the action which forfeits its charter, great care should be taken to protect the non-offending members. When a charter is taken from a Lodge, the members who sustain the action for which the charter is forfeited occupy the position of expelled members, and should be so treated. Those who oppose such action and are loyal to the Order, should be furnished with certificates as provided in the Digest, page 113-45 — or in case this is impracticable, the officers taking away the charter should furnish the neces- sary certificates to procure the proper card from the G. W. S.— R. W. G. L., 12th s., 40. 38. It would be competent for the proper authoriti( s to 112 CHARTERS. institute a new Lodge in the same locality, immediately on the receipt of the proper application fee, etc., but no member of the old Lodge who sustained the action that caused the forfeiture of the charter, can be received as a charter member, or received into the Lodge as an initiate any sooner than any other expelled member. — Ibid. 39. A Lodge, having been instituted, cannot have its charter taken away because of alleged illegalities or mis- representations connected with its organization. It must be treated as a Lodge in good standing. — R. W. G. L., 790. This decision aflGirins the principle that there is no appeal from the action of the Ex. Com. of a G. L. in granting charters, where the Lodges so chart-j ered have been organized. i 40. No Subordinate Lodge can surrender its charter, or be dissolved, so long as the number of members in good standing required to institute a new Lodge, object thereto, and to give all an opportunity to make such objection, at least one week's notice should be given of the time when such resolution is to be acted upon. In most Grand Lodges this number is ten.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 10. 41. A motion to surrender the charter of a Lodge or Temple must be presented in writing, and laid on the table at least two weeks before the time designated for the motion to be acted upon, which must be at a regular meeting. The vote to surrender cannot be adopted if ten members in good standing object thereto. — Conn., 6th B., 25. 42. Must lie over one week, and the Sec, by printed or written notice under seal (if the Lodge has one), notify every member resident in the city, township or village where such Lodge is located of the time when such res- olution will be acted on.— G. W. C. T. Potter, K J., 3d 6., 8. 43. A Lodge cannot surrender its charter unless every member in good stai'ding has been notified that such a CLEARANCE CARDS. 113 proposition is to be acted upon. — G. W. C. T. Nichols, 111., 18th s., 8. 44. In the surrender or forfeiture of the charter of a Subordinate Lodge, the Grand Lodge has no control over its property, other than the rituals and cards containing the private work of the Order.— E. W. G. T. Chase, 1859. 45. In the surrender of a charter of a Lodge, the G. W. S. is bound to furnish to all who were members in good standing at the time of the surrender, who apply, and furnish the proper evidence of their right to receive it, a certiticate substantially in the form found on page 150 of Chasers Digest, Sixth Edition.— E. W. G. T. Has- tings, 14th s., 12. 46. In event of the Executive Committee of the Grand Lodge revoking a charter of a Subordinate Lodge, and the Lodge refusing to surrender the charter, said Lodge shall be declared to be in a state of insubordination to the constituted authorities of the Grand Lodge, and not entitled to any of the rights, privileges or benefits of a Subordi- nate Lodge.— E. W. G. L., 19th s., 98. Clearance Cards. 1. A member desiring to sever his connection with a particular Lodge, or to transfer his membership from one Lodge to another, should make either personal or written application to the Lodge with which he is connected, for a card of clearance, and it will be the duty of the Lodge to grant it, provided the person applying is clear of the books, and is not under charge or liable to charge. — Maine, 9th s., 6. E. W. G. T. Chase. E. W. G. T. Hastings. 2. The validity of this card is for one year. — E. W. G. L., 7th s., 30. 3. A vote of the Lodge is in all cases necessary to grant a clearance or traveling card.— Iowa, 7th s., 25. N. H., 66. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 19. 8 114 CLEARANCE CARDS. 4. And can only be granted in open Lodge. — Wis., 6th s., 23. 5. Members have no right to vote on their own applica- tion for a card. — Mass., 127. 6. A Lodge has no right to refuse a card of clearance to any applicant, unless a charge is, or is about to be, pre- ferred.— G. W. C. T. Spencer, O., 10th s., 22. K. W. G. T. Chase. 7. A Lodge can grant a clearance card to a member who does not state whether he intends to join another Lodge or not. The Lodge has no right to question the motives of the applicant. All members in good standing, and who are clear of the books, are entit^led to cards. — Ind., 6th s., 14. G. W. C. T. Way, Ind., 13th s., 6. 8. They should not be granted to members who do not wish to be retained in the Order, and so express them- selves.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 18. 9. Q. Lodge A refused^ by a vote of four to six, to grant a clearance card to a member ; whereupon, the W. C. T. declared the card granted. Now, why is it necessary for a Lodge to vote on the granting of a card, when, in fact, a Lodge has not the right to refuse application for the same ? A. There are certain facts necessary to exist before a member is entitled to a clearance card ; such as, he must be clear on the books, not liable to charge, and not having declared his intentions to leave the Order, etc. ; and there is no way of deciding these questions, except by a vote of the Lodge. For example, if the W. C. T. and Sec. were allowed to give cards to all applicants, without a vote of the Lodge, a card might be issued to one who would be known to be liable to charge by some of the members, though not known to the officers issuing the card. Thus, a member goes out, commended to the confidence of other Lodges as worthy, who is really unworthy^ and ought to be the subject of discipline. In the case cited in the question, the W. C. T. was in error in declaring the card granted, when the majority CLEARANCE CARDS. 115 was against it ; and in that, and all other cases, when it appears that the Lodge, without valid cause and at its own caprice, refuses to grant a card, the G. W. C. T. will see that a card is granted by the G. Secretary, and the Lodge punished for its contumacy. What is' meant, then, by the decision that a Lodge has n.0 right to refuse a clearance card is, that if the Lodge refuse to grant the card, without cause, the G. Lodge will give redress by granting such card and punishing the Lodge, and not that a negative vote of the Lodge is to be disregarded by the W. C. T. The same principle is illustrated in other cases, viz. : a Lodge has no right to refuse to pay tax to G. Lodge ; but it cannot be paid except by a vote of the Lodge appropri- ating the money ; a Lodge, having found a member guilty of a violation of obligation, has no right to refuse to im- pose some penalty, and yet no penalty can be inflicted without a vote of the Lodge; a Lodge has no right to refuse to correct an error in the journal, and yet it requires a majority vote to correct, etc. — G. YV, C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. Conn., 6th s., 46. 10. Clearance and traveling cards must be granted in open Lodge, and a vote of the Lodge is required. The principles contained in opinion of G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa. (ante 9), are hereby affirmed.— K. W. G. L., 19th s., 97. 11. The vote must be a majority vote. — K. W. G. L., 18th 8., 1050. 12. A Lodge is compelled to grant a clearance card to a member applying who is clear from all charges, under sec. 2, Art. IX., irrespective of the intention of such member to remove from the jurisdiction of such Lodge. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 21. 13. Q, Can a clearance card be properly granted to any member, except one who is about to remove from the place where his Lodge is located ? A, Yes.— Iowa, 7th s., 32. 14. A member cannot dissolve his connection with a 116 CLEABANCE CARDS. Lodge (and not with the Order), without a clearance- card. — Mass^ 127. 15. Where a Constitution provides that application for cards of clearance be made "in open Lodge," and at "a regular meeting," decided that such cards may be granted at a special meeting, legally called, as such called meeting is just as regular as any stated meeting. — G. W. C. T. Campbell, Mo., 11th s., 8. 16. A member may apply for a card, in person, by let- ter, or through a friend.— Ibid. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th 8., 44. 17. A declaration of intention cannot be regarded as an application for a clearance card ; hence the time of making formal application, and not of any previous declaration, Ls the period when a person must be clear of all charges. —Conn., 6th s., 46. 18. Granted by a Lodge, cannot be withheld by the Secretary.— G. W. C. T. Winter, Conn., 9th s., 17. 19. Granting a clearance card to a F. Sec. before re- ceiving his resignation of office: held, error. A member holding any trust in a Lodge is not " clear on the books " until the Lodge has approved of this trust. — N. Y., 8th 8^ 9. 20. The Treasurer of a Subordinate Lodge should re- sign, and turn over to the Lodge all papers, books, money, etc., belonging to the Lodge, before he makes an applica- tion for a clearance card, and his resignation should be accepted by the Lodge before the clearance card is granted.— G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 7th s., 11. 21. A Lodge that charges a fee for a clearance card has a right to refuse to grant the card until the fee is paid. — Wis., 10th 6., 12. 22. A member is not entitled to a card unless the fee for the card accompanies the application. — G. W. C. T. Ward, N. Y., 8th 6., 12. 23. Nevertheless, the card may be voted, conditioned CLEARANCE CARDS. 117 that it be issued by the W. S. when the fee is paid. — Cal., 3d s., 11. 24. A member is entitled to a clearance card though in arrears in his Degree Temple. — Conn., 8th s., 21. 25. A clearance card must be signed by the W. C. T., and is not a legal card unless so signed. — Ibid. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. 26. Hereafter the Degree and honors to which the mem- ber may have attained shall be inserted in clearance and traveling cards. — R. W. G. L., 15th s., 37. — Can., vol. 17, 15. 27. One clearance card will not suffice for more than one person to leave a Lodge. — Cal., 7th s., 28. 28. When a member calls for a clearance card, the Lodge grants it, and he refuses to pay for it ; he is still a member of the Lodge, and remains so, until the fee is paid.— 111., 7th s., 30. 29. In case a member pays his quarterly dues in ad- vance, and before the quarter ends, calls for a card, none of the amount paid for dues should apply on the purchase of such card. — Mich., 6th s., 7. 30. If a member, having paid up all demands to the close of this quarter, should, on the first night of next quarter, previous to installation of officers, apply for a clearance card, he would be entitled to it. — Wis., 6th s., 8. 31. And in such case, if the Constitution required the application to lie over one week, and it so lies over, no dues should be required. — G. T., v. 5, 14. 32. He cannot receive a clearance card after the meet- ing at which the officers are installed, without paying dues for that term.— G. W. C. T. Dillingham, N. H., 35. 33. Depositing a card in a post-office, by request of the member to whom it is granted, constitutes a legal delivery of the same. — Iowa, 10th s., 7. 34. A member can withdraw an application for a card, by permission of the Lodge, and the reconsideration of the 118 CLEARANCE CARDS. vote granting the same— 111., 103. G. W. C. T. Dingley, Me., 9th s., 7. 35. The reconsideration, of course, preceding the vote of consent to the application being withdrawn ; and to be made on the same night on which the application is granted.— Ibid. E. W. G. T. Chase. 36. This, however, can only be done before the card is delivered. After delivery^ the same ballot must be had on re-adraission as in an original proposition. — Cal., 3d s., 11. G. W. C. T. Stewart, O. G. T., vol. 5, 29. 37. The passage of a vote tft grant an application for a card of clearance, even though the card be not instantly handed him, severs the connection of the member with the Lodge, and he has no right, after that, to vote or re- main in the Lodge room. The card itself is only for the convenience of the person applying, to show that he is a member of the Order, and to commend him to other Lodges.— G. W. C. T. Dingley, Me., 9th s., 7. Pa., 4th s., 22. Ind., 6th s., 14. K. W. G. T. Chase. 38. A member to whom a clearance has been votedj but not delivered, is considered as holding the card from the time it is granted, and has no right to a seat in a Subordi- nate Lodge, nor to use the quarterly password. — Ind., 13th 8., 32. This was appealed to the R. W. G. L., in which the Committee on Appeals unanimously/ recommended that the decision be sustained. Their report was laid over until next year, and the appeal ordered to be published in the Journal. 39. Persons holding clearance cards are not entitled to visit, even the Lodge granting such cards, even though in possession of the P. W, for the current quarter. If card members desire to enjoy the privileges of Good Templars, they must deposit their cards, and unite again with some Lodge.— Iowa, 9th s., 25. G. W. C. T. Chase, 1868. Mich., 13th s., 11. G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 1868. CLEARANCE CARDS. 119 40. Nor have they a right to a seat in the G. Lodge. — Cal., 7th s., 28. 41. They have no riglit to sit in or visit any Lodge, although they still continue members of the Order, but of no particular Lodge. For a breach of their obligation, however, they will continue amenable to the Lodge hav- ing granted the card. — G. W. C. T. Dingley, Me., 9th s., 7. Ky., 6th s., 40. 42. It is contrary to our laws for a Lodge habitually to admit to a seat persons who hold clearance cards from its own or other Lodges; and if a Lodge habitually practise this, it clearly forfeits its charter. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 54, 43. A member holding a clearance card, desiring to have his name erased from the Lodge roll, must first de- posit his card and become a member. — Cal., 13th s., 64. 44. A member having been initiated under an assumed name can have his real name placed on the record, and a clearance card given accordingly. — Colorado, 6th s., 22. 45. A member is entitled to a clearance card from the G. S. at the surrender or forfeiture of the charter of a Lodge, only when such Lodge is clear on the G. S.'s books.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. 46. A member holding a card, and under charges for violation, cannot, while under charges, legally join any lodge by initiation.— G. W. C. T. Ward, N. Y., 8th s., 12. 47. Instead of the synonymous use of the names "with- drawal " and " clearance " cards, hereafter the names shall be " clearance," and persons holding them are not entitled to seats in any Lodge, but are amenable to the Lodge granting the same, for anv violation of the pledge or secrecy.— E. W. G. L., 3d s.^ 281. 48. Clearance cards are for persons who wish to remove their connection from one Lodge to another, and ar*e good for one year, and any time during the year; the person holding such a card, and having been true to his pledge as a Good Templar, can unite with the Lodge he may 120 CLEAEAKCE CARES. have left, or with any other, on regular ballot, without initiation, retaining all the honors he had at the time he took the card— E. W. G. T. Hastings, 13th s. 49. If a person holding a clearance card desires to be- come connected with a Lodge, whether the one granting it, or any other, he sends m his card to the Lodge, which is referred and balloted upon precisely the same as an original application. If acted favorably upon, the person becomes a member after payment of half initiation fee, and signing the Constitution and bv-laws, without being re-obligated.— G. W'. C. T. r>ingley,^Me., 9th s., 6. G. W. G. T. Stewart, O. 111., 43. 50. If the application is reiected, the card must be returned to the applicant.— G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 1868. 51. A person having had a clearance card and lost the same, may join a Lodge the same as a card member, upon showing that such card was dulv issued, and had been lost.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th,* 23 ; G. W. C. T. Stew- art, O. 52. The By-Laws of Lodge B do not receive members under fifteen years of age. Can a person be admitted by card while under that age ? A, No. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 50. 53. Q. In case of members taking clearance cards from Lodge A, and then violating Art. 2, and joining Lodge B before a charge can be brought to Lodge A, can Lodge B legally receive them (knowing of the said violation) by requiring them to be re-obligated in Lodge B on their joining it? A. No; he must be re-obligated in Lodge A before depositing his card in Lodge B. — Ibid. 54. Q. Is one who joins a Lodge by card entitled to privileges, such as voting, before his name is written on the Constitution ? A. No.— Ibid. 55. Q. A member makes application for admission to a Lodge by card, is reported upon by the Committee. of In- vestigation and elected ; soon after, he asks to withdraw CLEARANCE CARDS. 121 his application and card ; can it be done? A. It cannot, except by unanimous consent of the Lodge. — Ibid. 56. A Lodge has a right to reject an applicant for ad- mission by carc^or initiation. An applicant for admis- sion by card stands on the same footing as any other applicant, except, if elected, he can be admitted without initiation. — Ibid. 57. A card is not affected by a vote of rejection, but may be deposited in any other Lodge willing to admit the applicant. — Ibid. 58. A member of Lodge A took a clearance card, and expressed his wish to deposit it in Lodge B, to which Lodge he sent his card by a brother ; and he was balloted for and elected in Lodge B. He has never signed the Constitution nor been in the Lodge since he sent his card in, nor paid any of the required fees. Is he a member of Lodge B ? Ans. No. Signing the Constitution is made a requisite of membership by our Constitution. In case he has violated his pledge, Lodge B cannot deal with him, but Lodge A would still have jurisdiction of his case. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 18. 59. Ques. Lodge A granted a clearance card to a mem- ber, which he deposited in Lodge B in due form, with the exception of signing the Constitution, which was omitted. The card, after being received by the Lodge, was laid on the table of the F. S., and inadvertently taken possession of by the brother to whom it had been granted. Mean- time, a charge is brought against him for violation of Art. 2. Is he under the jurisdiction of Lodge A or B? Ans. It is necessary for members to sign the Constitution, or to authorize some one to do it for them ; and in case of refu- sal to do so, they could not be regarded as members ; but under circumstances like the above, when the candidate was not requested to sign, and no book furnished, he is to be regarded as a member of the Lodge receiving the card, and taking it inadvertently, after it had been deposited, would not change his status.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th 8., 51. 122 CLEARANCE CARDS. 60. Ques. Suppose a member of our Order, wishing to leave the State, applies for and receives a clearance card from his Lodge ; after being absent a short time, he re- turns and presents liis card for admission to membership, whicli is rejected. The member then a^s to be allowed to withdraw from the Order. Now the Lodge rejecting his card holds this member amenable to the laws of our Order, and yet refuses him membership. How is he to get clear from the Order? Would not the proper way have been to receive the card, and then prefer a charge if he was not worthy of membership? Ans, The vote of rejection did not affect the case, or the status of the mem- ber, and he could tender his resignation as a member of the Order, notwithstanding his application for member- ship upon his card had been refused. — Id. 6L Ques. A member of the Order wishes to join a Lodge by card, and is rejected; can he return that card to the Lodge which granted it, and immediately be readmitted to membership ? Ans. He can immediately apply for mem- bership to the Lodge granting the card, cr any other, notwithstanding his rejection. — Id.; Cal., 5th s., 23. 62. Q. A Lodge Deputy called for a clearance card of a Subordinate Lodge, which was granted and delivered. He then offered to re-join on said card, and was black- balled. He then united with a neighboring Lodge, with his card ; had he a right to do so ? A, Yes. The black-balling had no effect on him as a Degree Member. He could not, of course, continue a member of a Degree Lodge after withdrawing by card» but on again joining a Subordinate Lodge, would have a right to join a Degree Lodge by card. — Wis., 12th s., 46. 63. Under Sec. 6, Art. 2, of By-Laws of Subordinate Lodges, a member taking a clearance card may deposit the same, free of charge, within one month from the date of said card ; but a Lodge is not obliged to accept the card of a member so deposited, or to elect such card appli- cant to membership. Such applicant, depositing the card within one month, is subject to all the requirements of CLEARANCE CARDS. 123 proposition and ballot; but if elected, is entitled to be admitted to membership without the payment of any fee. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 19. 64. Ques. If a person holding a clearance card is taken sick, is it the duty of the members of the Lodge to attend to him ? Ans. Inasmuch as the card dissolves connection with the Lodge, the Sick Committee or members would not, as Good Templars, be under any obligation to look after and attend such person holding a clearance card ; but it is hoped, as friends of humanity, our members would give all needful attention to such. — Id. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 44. 65. A member admitted by card should be introduced by the W. M. passing the W. I. G. and P. W. C. T. with the ordinary ceremonies of other members. The W. C. T. then introduces him to a standing Lodge, and in their behalf extends to him their welcome. After the Lodge is seated, he signs the Constitution, is properly clothed in regalia, invested with the P. W. and conducted to a seal. If, during the holding of such card, he has violated the pledge, he should be re-obligated by the W. C. T. before signing the Constitution. — G. W. C. T. Downing, Cal., 4th 8., 9. See Forms. 66. When a member holding a clearance card has habit- ually violated his obligation since receiving his card, he can only be admitted by re-obligation. — Mich., 8th s., 17. 67. A person can join a Lodge by card, without being present, by authorizing some one to sign his name to the Constitution.— 111., 13th s., 15 ; G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. He can be introduced a«t the first meeting he at- tends, but his membership would be valid without an introduction. 68. A member of the Order, holding a clearance card, sought admission to a Lodge, and was rejected on ballot, 124 CLEARANCE CARDS. | The vote was reconsidered, and a second ballot taken with the same result. The validity of the card is not destroyed, and neighboring Lodges need not be notified of such rejection, since the person rejected is already a mem- ber of the Order, and his card recommends him as a brother worthy of membership in any Lodge ; and, until he is found guilty, on trial, of an ofiense or misdemeanor, the card cannot be annulled. The card and proposition can be again submitted to the same Lodge, as soon as the Lodge will receive and refer it to a Committee of Investi- gation, in the usual way. — G. W. C. T. Dillingham, N. H., 49. 111., 18th s., 9. Bro. Dillingham seems to think that the above decisions may be doubted by some; but they are sounds and cover important points. Every Grand Lodge in our Order should act upon them. 69. A member holding a clearance card, under charges before the Lodge that issued the card, and duly notified to appear for trial, cannot at that stage present his card and be admitted into another Lodge ; being then under arrest, and not a member of the Order in good standing, and also because the tendency of such a procedure would be to defeat the ends of justice. — Pa., 14tli s., 14. 70. A member leaving a Lodge on clearance card cannot, if he continues a resident of the place where the Lodge exists, join a Lodge in another town. The card is no consent of the Lodge for him to do so. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 22, Mass., 427. G. W. C. T. Dinglev, Me., 9th s., 7. Do. Kussell, Mich., 13th s., 18. Do. De Wolf, O., 15th s., 60. Contrary to above is decided by N. H., 20th s., 35. Conn., 4th s., 46. Ind., 13th s., 33. Wis., 17th s., 47. The R. W. G. L. has never decided the question. 71. A brother or sister holding a clearance card, and in possession of the quarterly P. W., cannot be present in CLEARANCE CARDS. 125 a Lodge room during ballot on said card for membership, nor be present as a visitor. — Iowa, 12th s., 33. 72. An application to join by card was rejected, and the Secretary directed to certify such rejection on the card before returning it to the owner. Held that the Lodge had no right to make an endorse- ment of any kind upon the card. — Wis., 11th s., 39. 73. There is no difference in our blanks used for travel- ing and clearance cards, they are only filled out differently. —0. P., vol. 1, 10. 74. Charter applicants for new Lodges, if previously members of the Order (unless having withdrawn), must produce cards of clearance from their former Lodges be- fore uniting with the new.— P. G. W. C. T. Stewart, O. G. T., vol 5, 29. 111., 43. Cal., 8th s., 43. 75. A member withdraws from his Lodge by card, and was proposed for membership by card in another Lodge. His proposition was rejected and card retained, because found unworthy." Decided by the District Deputy that the action of the Lodge in witliholding the card was legal. G. W. C. T. Giles reversed the decision of the Deputy, on the ground that the card was private property, and could not be revoked or retained, except by the Lodge granting it, and then only on proof of unworthi- ness, after a fair trial and an opportunity given the holder of said card to defend himself. — G. W. C. T. Giles, Wis., 11th s., 38. 76. A member who is in arrears for dues cannot go and join another Lodge by initiation, because it is cheaper than to pay up his dues, take a card, and join by deposit of said card. — Mich., 8th s., 17. 77. A member having a clearance card, if he joins his Lodge again, need not pay dues from the time of taking his card. — Iowa, 7th s., 31. 78. When a Lodge has ceased to work, a member can be received from it into another Lodge, by getting a cer- tificate from the last W. C. T. or W. S. of the Lodge, 126 CLEARANCE CARDS. |j that the member was in good standing at the time the Lodge ceased to work, and forward the same to the G. W. S., who will issue a card of clearance to the member. — Wis., 8th s., 7. Iowa, 7th s., 32. 79. Yes; or the certificate of the Deputy of the Lodge or District, or any otlier evidence satisfactory to the G. W. S.~R. W. G. T. Chase. 80. The Grand Secretary has authority to issue a cer- tificate of membership, which shall have the efiect of a clearance card, to a member of a Lodge which became extinct, by reason of a revocation of its Charter, after the Charter has been restored to a portion of its former mem- bers, but has no authority to issue a certificate to a mem- ber of a Lodge whose Charter has been revoked, such member being in arrears at the time of such revocation. — Conn., 4th s., 22. 8L Persons who were full Degree members of a Lodge when it surrendered its Charter, must be re-initiated in both Subordinate and Degree Lodges, unless they can give satisfactory evidence of the fact that they were in good standing at the time the Lodge suspended, and have not violated their obligation since. Upon the proper evidence being furnished, the G. W. S. will issue to him a certifi- cate that will have the effect of a clearance card. — 111., 11th s., 11. (See Form.) 82. Members taking clearance cards remain liable to suspension or expulsion for a violation of our pledge, by the Lodge granting the same, while holding said card, but all further privileges cease upon such cards being voted.— 111., 43. 83. If a member holding a card from a Lodge in good standing violates his obligation, he is not amenable to any other Lodge but the one that issued the card ; but any Lodge of Good Templars, cognizant of the violation, should inform the Lodge that issued the card, of the fact. —Wis., 7th s., 31. Ky., 10th s., 10. 84. If a member of a Subordinate Lodge, who has been CLEARANCE CARDS. 127 out on card more than one year,- and is then admitted to the same Lodge as a card member or ancient Good Tem- plar, and that member immediately applies for Degrees, and receives a certificate from the W. F. S. of the Sub- ordinate Lodge, as required by law, it is not the duty of the Degree Lodge to question the legality of the action taken by the Subordinate Lodge. — Cal., 8th s., 42. 85. In case a member violates his obligation after a card has been voted him, but before it has been put in his possession, it would be the duty of the Lodge to withhold the card under such circumstances ; for, if the card should be delivered, the brother might secure to himself privileges and rights that he was unworthy to possess. But, in jus- tice to the member, he should have an early opportunity to defend himself.— Wis., 7th s., 31. 86. A member receiving a clearance card is not entitled to the traveling password. — Iowa, 7th s., 31. 87. Q, How, then, is he to prove himself a Good Tem- plar? A. The card itself is the evidence that he is in good standing ; that card is sent to the Lodge, presented, read, committee appointed, reported on, ballot had ; if elected, the W. C. T. orders the candidate admitted. — Ind., 7th s., 10. 88. Q. Chase- s Digest (pages 59, 60, old edition) says : " That persons receiving a clearance card are still members of the Order. The holder of a card of clearance has no right to visit any Lodge of the Order until he surrenders his card, or joins another Lodge." Do not these conflict? A, No ; they are both right. A person taking a clear- ance card is a member of the Order, but of no particular Lodge. He is not entitled to the P. W., without which he cannot visit any Lodge. A traveling card, on which he may visit, recognizes his membership in a particular Lodge, and is only good for the term for which dues are paid in advance, and so specified in the card. No card, 128 DEGREES. I either clearance or traveling, is good for more than one year.— G. T., vol. 6, 57. 89. Q. A brother, holding an unexpired traveling card, applied to his Lodge for a clearance card, which was granted ; on being refused admission to the Lodge, on the ground that he had taken said card, then claimed that he had the right to visit the Lodge on his unexpired travel- ing card. Should he have been admitted? A. He should not. But when the Lodge granted him the clearance, they should have demanded and taken his traveling card. — G. W. C. T. Hawkins, Iowa, 14lh s., 7. 90. Members removing from one State to another are subject to the same rules in transferring their connection from one Lodge to another, as they would be if they only moved from one point to another in the same State. — G. W. C. T. Dingley, Me., 9th s., 7. Degrees. 1. All charter members of a Lodge are entitled to the Degrees, regardless of their age, without a dispensation ; and non-charter members under 18 years of age can have the Degrees, by dispensation constitutionally obtained. — K. W. G. T. Kussell, 19th s., 16 : 111., 43 ; Me., 9th s., 9. 2. Without waiting the usual three months. — Wis., 14th s., 9. 3. They must pay the usual fee. — Iowa, 8th s., 8 ; R. W. G. T. Hastings, 13th s., 9 ; Mich., 12th s., 29 ; Maine, 9th a., 9. 4. Charter members are entitled to the Degrees without any balloting. A Degree Temple cannot and must not require charter members to submit to a ballot. — G. W. C. T. Russell, Mich., 13th s., 17. And the Gr. W. C. T. or his Deputy can confer them all upon the same evening upon such charter members. DEGREES. 129 6, The W. Degree Templar of a Degree Temple has no power to grant a dispensation for the conferring of Degrees. — Cal., 8th s., 42. 6. Degrees cannot be conferred, by Subordinate Lodges, free of charges, even though all the members should be in favor of it. — Mo., 5th s., 13. 7. In case a worthy member desires the Degrees, who is too poor to pay for them, Lodges are advised to make up the fee for the Degrees by voluntary contribution. The practice in some Lodges of receiving the fee and then appropriating it back by a vote of the Lodge, though not unconstitutional strictly, is not deemed advisable. It is practical evasion of the Constitution. — R. W. G. T. Chase. 8. The application for the Degrees should be made, and the fee paid, in Subordinate Lodge, but the ballot must occur in Degree Lodge.— 111., 1857. 9. A Deputy cannot confer the Degrees outside the Lodge room.— 0., 4th s., 20. 10. Any member of the Order in good standing can take the Degrees, upon being duly elected and paying the proper fee, unless prohibited by the Constitution of the Subordinate Lodge.— R. W. G. T. Hastings, 10th s., 8. 11. The time that a person must be a member of the Order before becoming eligible to take the Degrees, is different in different localities. In some it is one month, in others two, and still others three. — Ibid. 12. A dispensation is required when more than one Degree is to be taken the same evening, except in the case of the institution of a new Lodge. — Ibid. 13. If the Lodge call a Degree meeting and the Deputy and Degree Templar are absent, an acting or Past W. C. T. cannot confer the Degrees. — Ibid. ; Ind., 6th s., 15. 14. There are but three officers that can confer the De- grees, to wit : the G. W. C. T., Deputy G. W. C. T. and a regular Degree Templar of a regularly organized Degree Lodge. — Ind., 7th s., 8. 9 130 DEGEEES. 15. In the absence of the D. W. G. C. T. or Degree Templar, ^ tliird Degree member has no right to take charge of a Degree meeting and confer the Degrees — ■ Iowa, 8th s., 41. 16. No officer, either Grand or Subordinate, has the power to grant a dispensation to confer the Degrees on any party under the age prescribed by the Constitution. — Can., vol. 14, 13. 17. There is no real or effectual difference between a Degree meeting and a meeting of a Degree Temple. The former is a meeting of Degree members merely for the purpose of conferring the Degrees, the latter a meeting of Degree members who constitute a Degree Temple, gov- erned by a Constitution and By-Laws, enacted either by the Grand Lodge or Subordinate Lodge, and having a regular fixed time for meeting. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s, 7. 18. As Subordinate Lodges, in their By-Laws, fix the Degree fees, they may at any time increase or decrease the fees by a change of the By-Laws in the manner pointed out for altering the By-Laws, provided they do not exceed the maximum, or are not less than the minimum, fixed in the Constitution. — Ibid. 19. The officers of a Degree Temple or Degree meeting are separate and distinct from the officers of the Subordi- nate Lodge, and neither the W. C. T. or P. W. C. T., ex officio, have any authority as such officers in a Degree Lodge. — Ibid. Kegularly chartered Temples fix the Degree fees. 20. It is not necessary to open Degree meetings with prayer. — Ibid. 21. A Degree Lodge must be opened and closed in each Degree separately, so as to be legal for conferring Degrees. — Ind., 6th s., 15 ; 111., 9th s., 31. 22. May be done informally. — Wis., 9th s., 7. 23. Business, other than pertaining to Degrees, cannot DEGREES. 131 be entertained in Degree meeting. — 111., 1859 ; K. W. G. L., 9th s. 24. Or in Degree Lodges.— Iowa, 7th s., 25 ; 9th s., 22. 25. All the business of Subordinate Lodges must be done in the initiatory Degree. — K. W. G. L., 9th s., 33. 26. It is not proper to submit the minutes of Degree meetings to the Subordinate Lodge for approval, nor should they be entered on the Lodge Journal. — 111., 6th B., 26. 27. Members of a Degree Temple or meeting cannot ! make an appropriation of, or in any way interfere with, the funds of the Lodge.— Mich., 7th s., 26 ; 111., 11th s., 7. 28. A Degree Templar of one Lodge can confer the Degrees on a member of another Lodge, but only on the presentation of a certificate from the F. S. of the appli- cant's Lodge, certifying that he is in good standing, and has paid for the Degrees. — G. T., vol. 5, 155 ; Mass., 187. And consent of the Lodge to which he belongs. 29. The chartering of Degree Lodges in a State where there is a Grand Lodge, is a matter entirely within the jurisdiction of the State Grand Lodge. — K. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s., 10. 30. The several Grand Lodges have power and author- ity to legislate in what manner and by whom the Degrees shall be conferred, and also how Degree Lodges shall be instituted.— R. W. G. L., 12th s., 43. 3L The titles of the Degree of this Order shall be as lollows : 1st, or Initiatory Degree ; 2d, or Degree of Fi- delity ; 3d, or Degree of Charitv.— R. W. G. L., 12th s., 50. 32. The Signals in the Degree of Fidelity are the same as in the old Degree of the Heart, and in Degree of Char- ity, the same as in old Degree of Charity. — R. W. G. L., 13th 8. 33. The color of the Degree of Fidelity is blue, and the Degree of Charity purple.— R. W. G. L., 13th s. 132 DEGREES. .j^ 34. The raps of the gavel for controlling the move^ ments of members, are the same in the Second and Third Degrees as in the First.— K. W. G. L., 13th s., 87. 35. First Degree members under the old Ritual in good standing, are to be regarded as regular ''Fidelity" Degree members, and those possessing the Second, under the old, as regular Charity" Degree members, without being obligated, or taking the Degrees under the new Ritual, provided that where regular Degree Lodges are chartered and organized, such members must pay any fee aijd com- ply with all requirements for membership in such Degree Lodges. — Ibid. 36. No person can receive the Third Degree without having previously taken the First and Second. — Conn,, 2d s., 24. 37. If a Degree member ceases to be a member of the Order in a Subordinate Lodge, he thereby ceases to be a member of the Degree Lodge, and can regain the Degrees only as though he had never been a member. — R. W. G. L., 12th s., 40. 38. Ancient Good Templars, who have formerly taken the Degrees, must again take them on rejoining the Order. — Ind., 12th s., 31. 39. Degree Lodges can have charters of their own, but no person can be a member of a Degree Lodge who is not a member in good standing in a Subordinate Lodge. — Ibid. Iowa, 11th s., 7. 40. Should a member, when taking the Degrees, com- mence to laugh when the obligation is being administered, and fail to respond, he should not be allowed to proceed and receive the Password ; but be conducted from the room until willing to fully comply with the law and re- quirements thereof.— G. W. C. T. Copp, Ind., 12th s., 7. 41. It is wrong for one member to give another the De- gree word. — N. H., 41. 42. While working in the Degrees, it is the duty of DEGREES. 133 the W. D. V. T. to correct the W. D. T. when he is in error, in our unwritten work. — Iowa, 10th s., 7. 43. A Degree Lodge can refuse to confer the degrees on a member in good standing, without preferring a charge, but it would be very unkind and unbrotherly to do so. — Ind., 7th s., 10. 44. If a member, against whom a charge is preferred, brings a certificate of recommendation from the Lodge of which he is a member, to the Degree Lodge, and is elected by it (the Degree Lodge) to the Degrees, the Degree Lodge is bound to confer the Degrees ; but it is not bound to electy whether a charge is or is not preferred. — Ind., 7th s., 13. 45. It is necessary for a Subordinate Lodge to give a member a certificate to the Degree Lodge, when he applias for Degrees and pays for them ; otherwise, how can a De- gree Lodge know that the applicant is a member df a Sub- ordinate Lodge, and has applied for the Degrees, paid for them, or been recommended to the Degree Lodge? — Ind., 7th s., 12. 46. Grand Officers must be Degree members. — Kansas, 3d s., 27. 47. When there is not a sufficient number of Degree members to fill the offices by dispensation, Degrees can be conferred upon enough of the worthy members of the Lodge to enable it to work, though they have not been members of the Order three months. All charter members, initiated at the organization of a new Lodge, are entitled to Degrees. — Ibid. 48. The Grand Lodge Degree cannot be conferred on any but full Degree members. — K. W. G. T. Chase, 6th s., 9. 49. All full Degree members are eligible to office in Degree Lodge.— Temp. Offi, vol. 2, No. 17. 50. The Degree Templar may call a Degree meeting at any time.— Wis., 4th s., 22. 51. Degree Lodges have no power to try and punish offences for violations of Degree obligations, or misconduct 134 DEGREES. in Degree meetings. All punishment for and proceedings connected with offences are in the Subordinate Lodge. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 1863 ; R. W. G. L., 9th s., 11. 52. A Subordinate Lodge cannot inflict any punishment on its officers for absence at a Degree meeting. A Lodge can, for such contempt in a Deputy G. W. C. T., complain to the G. W. C. T., and request the removal of the Deputy and appointment of another. — Ind., 7th s., 8. 53. A Degree Lodge has authority to fine its officers for absence or neglect of duty. — Ibid. 54. When a charge is preferred against a Degree mem- ber, the Investigating Committee should consist of mem- bers who have attained an equal Degree; but as this is ex gratia rather than a right belonging to the accused, in case there is not a sufficient number of peers to constitute the committee, other members can act. But upon the adoption of the report of the committee, or trial in the Lodge, as it is sometimes called, and affix- ing the penalty, all members can vote. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 1863. R. W. G. L., 9th s., 11. 55. A full Degree member is a peer of members on whom the Degrees have been conferred, but not vice versd. — Kansas, 2d s., 15. 56. There is no grip to the Degree of Fidelity. 57. If a member is rejected in a Degree Lodge, his ap- plication can come up again on the next regular Degree, and so on, ad infinitum. This, however, can be done only where Grand Lodges have not fixed in Constitution or decisions the time which must elapse before a renew^al of the application. Pennsylvania Constitution provides that three months must elapse, and Kansas, by decision, one month ; Uniform Code, three months. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 1862. R. W. G. L., 9th s. Mich., 8th s., 15. 58. Q. Is it Constitutional for a Degree meeting to vote the officers of Subordinate Lodge officers of the Degree meetings ? A. The Degrees, unless in regularly organized Degree DEGREES. 135 Lodges, are conferred by the Lodge Deputy or Degree Templars, and such officers as they may appoint. — Wis., 10th s., 12. 59. If a member draws his card, and is not able to join another Lodge before the year expires, and then joins another Lodge, he is required to take the Degrees. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. 60. In the Degree of Fidelity, the altar and Bible are placed in front of the officer administering the obligation, and the circle of Fidelity is the same as initiatory, except the W. D. T. and initiates form a part.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 21. 61. The time for taking Degrees is a calendar month, not four weeks. — Id. 62. Q. The Degrees were conferred upon a person under eighteen vears of age, by mistake. Is such a person a legal member? A. Yes.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s. 63. A Lodge Deputy has no right to postpone a Degree meeting after the time has been fixed by the Subordinate Lodge. — Id. 64. Q, Has a L. D. a right to call and hold special De- gree meetings when he chooses, without notifying all the Degree members? A. If the Subordinate Lodge neglect to do sOf the L. D. may call a Degree meeting when he chooses, calling to his aid a sufficient number of Degree members to perform the ceremonies. Seven Degree mem- bers constitute a quorum. He should give notice of such meeting at a regular meeting of the Subordinate Lodge. — Id. 65. Q. Does it require a written dispensation from the L. D. for a member to have the Degrees conferred upon him, when the L. D. is himself D. T., and confers the Degrees? A. Yes, unless the member is entitled to the Degrees without a dispensation. The dispensation goes upon the record. — Id. 66. Q. Is it proper for a Subordinate Lodge, working in the Degrees, to elect and install Degree officers ? A, 136 DEGREES. They may do so with consent of their L. D., with the ex- ception of D. T. The L. D. is D. T. ex officio— Id. 67. After a L. D. has called a Degree meeting to order, he can call to preside any Degree member whom he con- Biders more competent than himself to give the work, he being present and assisting in all that is done. — Id. 68. Q. Sister L. applied for the Second Degree, and was rejected. What can be done? A, You can recon- sider the ballot, and if again rejected, and you have posi- tive evidence that it is from motives of personal malice^ a charge can be brought against members so voting. — Id. 69. If a Lodge ballot for four or more candidates for membership in the Degree Lodge (not chartered) and one black ball be cast, it is the duty of the presiding officer to have the ballot taken separately upon each candidate. — Id., 16th s., 22. 70. In instruction the Catechism is only used in the • Third Degree, but in challenging it may be used in the Second.— G. W. C. T. Montgomery, Ind., 15th s., 14. 71. Q. " Does the action of the K. W. G. Lodge, at ita session in 1871, do away with the Degree qualification for holding office in Subordinate Lodges throughout the Order, or can each State settle the matter for itself?'' A. The action of the R. W. G. Lodge expressed in the words, That the Degree qualifications for office in Sub- ordinate Lodges be abolished," etc., is mandatory and equally binding upon all Grand Lodges within the juris- diction of the R. W. G. Lodge.— R. W. G. T. Russell, 18th s., 983. 72. The Distress Sign and Word in the Third Degree are not to be used by members when they require pecu- niary aid, but only in case of imminent peril. — G. W. C, T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 73. Q, A charter member of a Lodge who is a Second Degree member takes a clearance card to join another Lodge many miles oflf ; would he be entitled to lake the Third Degree without ballot at the end of three months, DEGREE TEMPLES. 137 he not being a charter member of the second Lodge he enters? A. No.— Id. 74. A member having attained the Degree of Fidelity resigned his membership in the Order, and soon aftei joined again, and as soon as convenient took the Degree of Charity. After some time objections were made to his being admitted to Degree meetings on the ground that he was not in possession of the Second Degree, to which he had attained when he left the Order. Now, how is he to become a Second Degree member ? A. Having been admitted to the Third Degree, without objection, he is presumed to be in possession of the Second Degree, and cannot be compelled to take it again, or kept out of Degree meetings on that ground. — Id. Degree Temples. 1. Chartered Degree Temples must be regularly insti- tuted by the G. W. C. T., District Deputy, or some person specially authorized. The association of Degree members, for the purpose of conferring Degrees, is not a Temple^ but a Degree meeting, and in this case the Lodge Deputy is the Degree Templar. Degree Templars are not commissioned. The meetings of a Degree Temple may be held in the hall of any Lodge attached thereto. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 19. 2. A member of a Subordinate Lodge connected with a Degree Temple which is in working order and meets regu- larly, cannot take the Degrees in any other Temple or Lodge without the consent of the Temple to which his Lodge is attached, and the L. D. of such Lodge, ex officio, has no longer any right to confer Degrees. — Id., 23 ; Kan- sas, 10th s., 25. 3. When a Lodge is not officially connected with a De- gree Temple, even though the Temple may be composed mainly or entirely of members of said Lodge, the L. D. has the right to hold Degree meetings, for the purpose of 138 DEGREE TEMPLES. conferring Degrees, under Art. 7, Sec. 3, Subordinate Lodge Constitution. In a Lodge thus situated, if Degree meetings are held, all Degree members are possessed of equal rights and privileges in such Degree meeting, whether belonging to the Temple or not. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s. 4. Art. 4, Sec. 1, Constitution for Degree Temples, means that fifty cents is to be paid to the Temple for con- ferring each Degree, and fifty cents additional for mem- bership in the Temple. Persons taking Degrees are not obliged to become member's of the Temple, — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 23. 5. In a chartered Degree Temple, in the absence of the D. T., the D. V. T. is entitled to preside ; and if both D. T. and D. V. T. are absent, the senior P. D. T. present should preside. In the absence of all these officers the temple may choose a D. T. pro tempore. In all cases where a Degree Temple is presided over by a pro tempore officer such officer is invested with all the authority of the regular D. T. during such session, and of course is com- petent to perform all the duties of that officer. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s. G. W. C. T. Potter, N. J., 2d s., 41. 6. Ques. Are all Third Degree members at the institu- tion of a Temple charter members of said Temple? Ans, They are not. It is only those who sign the appli- cation for charter for the Temple or those who unite at the time of institution as such, who are entitled to the honor of being charter members. — Id. 7. Ques. Have all Third Degree members a right to visit a Degree Temple whenever they choose, they not being members of said Temple or contributing to its support ? Ans. Degree Temple controls the matter of visiting, and may say what Third Degree members may and what may not visit them. — Id. 8. Ques. When a Lodge attaches itself to a Degree Temple, are all members of the thi^d Degree members of Baid Temple without first being balloted for as laid down in Art. 3 of D. T. Constitution ? Ans. Yes. All who DEGREE TEMPLES. 139 Bign the Degree Roll Book and pay the fees for ad mis- Bion. — Id. 9. Q. Are members of Subordinate Lodges who during a meeting of the Temple have had the Second Degree con- ferred upon them eligible to vote in the transaction of business during the Second Degree in said Temple? A. No.— Id. 10. Returns of Degree Temples are required to be made quarterly. — Id. 11. A member with a clearance card has no right to a seat in a Degree Temple. — Id. 12. In a certain Degree Temple a brother was balloted for, and three black balls were cast, when the D. T. de- clared him rejected. A reconsideration of the vote was immediately had and another ballot taken, at which two black balls were cast, and the D. T. again declared him rejected. Was the decision of the D. T. correct, or is a greater number of black balls required to reject a candi- date after reconsideration than on the previous vote ? A. — The decision of the D. T. is correct. It takes the same number to reject or to require the appointment of a com- mittee on the reconsidered vote as on the original. See Sec. 1, Art. 3, Constitution of Degree Temples. — Id. 13. Can a person be admitted to membership in a De- gree Temple, or be retained as a member, when the'Lodge to which he belongs is not officially connected with a Temple? He can.— R. W. G. T. Orme, 15th s., 9. 14. When two or more Lodges are united in a Temple, can one withdraw its connection with the Temple ? It can. — Id. 15. If so, what is the position of its members who are members of the Temple ? They remain as members of the Temple.— Id. 16. If a member of the Temple take a card from his Lodge for the purpose of joining a new Lodge, does that sever his connection? If not, what is the effect of the notice that the W. Secretary of the Lodge is required to 140 DEGREE TEMPLES. send the temple, as per Art. 7, Sec. 5 of the Constilutio It does not sev^r his connection with the Temple; a the effect of the notice is to authorize the D. Sec. to notif the Sec. of the new Lodge in which the member deposits his card of his standing in the Degree Temple. — Id. 17. Can a member of a Temple whose dues are in ar- rears in the Degree Temple, but who is clear from alt charges in the Subordinate Lodge, withdraw from the Order? He cannot.— Id. 10, Conn., 5th s., 62. 18. How is the Lodge to know, officially, that the mem- ber is in arrears ? His application for withdrawal from the Order should be accompanied with a certificate from the D. F. S., certifying that he is clear of all charges and demands in the Degree Temple. — Id. 19. Where a person is proposed for membership in the Decree Temple, his Lodge not being officially connected with the Degree Temple, who should recommend the proposition, and can it be made by persons who are not members of the Temple? The proposition must be rec- ommended as directed in Art. 7, Sec. 8, of Subordinate Lodge Constitution ; but the authorities designated in that section need not be members of the Temple, although they must be full Degree members. The Temple, how- ever, should decide previously, by vote, that it will receive propositions from such a Lodge, if presented. — Id. 20. If the Lodge or Lodges officially connected with a chartered Degree Temple should vote to sever all official connection with the Temple, does that dissolve the Tem- l)le? No.— Id. 21. No person can be received into a Degree Temple while he is not a member of a Subordinate Lodge. Nor can he continue to be a member of a Degree Temple after he has left the Order altogether, by withdrawal, expulsion or suspension from his Lodge; but a person already a member of a Temple retains his membership in the Temple, and may probably retain his official connection with the Temple while holding a clearance card in full force, pro- DEGREE TEMPLES. 141 cured for the bona fide purpose of transferring his mem- bership from one Lodge to another, which he does in good time, as in the case of leaving a Lodge to become a charter Member of a new Lodge.— G. W. C. T. De Wolf, O., 15th H., 59. 22. Article 7, section 11, of Subordinate Lodge Consti- tution, requires an annual election of Officers in Degree Temples.— R. W. G. T. Russell, 18th s., 983. 23. And the election of Officers must be held in the Third Degree.— R. W. G. L., 19th s., 98. 24. Question. " If there be no W. C. Templar, P. W. C. Templar or Lodge Deputy of a candidate's Lodge in the Degree Temple, how can the person become a member of it in view of the requirements of Article 7, section 8, Subordinate Lodge Constitution ?" Answer. He cannot become a member of a Degree Temple, except in conformity with the above cited con- stitutional provision ; but the reasonable presumption is, that each Lodge will have such officers connected with it. —Id. 25. While a Degree Temple is working in the Second Degree, no business can be transacted, except balloting for and conferring the Degree on candidates; and as soon as the initiatory ceremony is over, the 2d Degree should be closed, and Temple opened in the 3d Degree before any business is done. The minutes of the 2d and 3d Degree are not to be kept separate. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th 8. 26. The Deputy of a Subordinate Lodge is ex officio Deputy of the Degree Temple connected therewith. — N. H., 2d s., 41. Me., 9th s., 9 G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 18. 27. Where several Lodges are connected with the same Degree Temple, the Deputy of the oldest Lodge is ex officio Deputy of the Temple. — Me., 9th s., 9. 28. That is the case in the absence of the District De- puty, in Pennsylvania the District Deputy organizes 142 DEGREE TEMPLES. || and has a general care over all Temples in his jurisdiction, and all appeals are made to him ; and when he is present lie officiates as Deputy in the Temple. In his absence the Lodge Deputy officiates when a Deputy's services are re- quired, in accordance with above decisions. — G. W. C. T.* (;hase, Pa., 16th s., 18. 29. A Subordinate Lodge cannot postpone a meeting of a Degree Temple. — 111., 6th s., 32. 30. All members expelled from a Degree Temple retain only the standing of First Degree members in the Order. —G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 7th s., 11. 31. If a Degree Temple passes a resolution that it will hold two meetings a month, one on the First Saturday evening, and one on the third Saturday of each month, and that the Second Degree shall be conferred at the first and the Third Degree at the second meeting in the month ; can the Temple, by a vote on any evening, suspend this reso- lution and confer both Degrees the same evening? A. It cannot. Whenever circumstances arise making it desirable to confer both Degrees on the same evening, the motion should be passed at the previous meeting, or at least notice should be given of the intention of the Temple to suspend the resolution. Each member of the Temple has acquired certain rights under the standing order, and these rights cannot be abridged or taken from him, without giving him time or opportunity to oppose it. For instance, the Third Degree might be conferred on some person on the Second Degree night to which he was opposed, and would have voted against had he been present. Constitutions, By-Laws, Kules and Usages are for the protection of the minority, and it is only by adhering strictly to them that it can be pro- tected.— G. W. C. T. Chase, *Pa., 16th s., 18. 32. If a Subordinate Lodge connected with a Degree Temple, passes a resolution to withdraw from such Union Degree Temple, the Degree members do not lose their membership in such Degree Temple. — Ibid. 33. A Subordinate Lodge can require its members, if DEPUTIES. 143 they associate or join any Degree Temple, to unite with the one with which their Lodge is connected. — Ibid. Deputies. 1. Deputies instituting Lodges have the right to Confer the Degrees upon charter members by dispensation. — R. W. G. L., 1st s., 301. 2. A Deputy G. C. T. has a right, and it is his duty, to notice and correct any informality which he may observe in Subordinate Lodges, whether appealed to or not. And it is the duty of such Lodges to submit to his instruction, or appeal at once to the G. W. C. T.— P. G. W. C. T. Hawley, Wis., 3d s., 8. Cal., 3d s., 10 N. H., 66. The Grand Lodge of Illinois has made a decision that a Deputy cannot interfere with the action of a Subordinate Lodge, unless submitted to him officially, except in cases of violation of Constitution (page 168), which is seemingly in conflict with the above decision ; but if the question should ever come be- fore the R. W. G. Lodge, it would unquestionably be sustained. , The Deputy is the especial organ of the G. W. C. T. and Grand Lodge, and it is his duty to see not merely that Subordinate Lodges are not violating the Constitution, but that they are working in con- formity with all our rules and usages, both written and unwritten. If he had no power to interfere but on a direct appeal, it would be impossible to efi'ect anything like harmonious working in our Order. Lodges would do ten reprehensible acts, and but one appeal to the D. G. W. C. T. arise from them ; thus the nine irregular acts would go uncorrected. 144 DEPUTIES. Pa. (15th s., 23) adopted the above reading as sound law. 3. But great prudence and caution should be exercised, or harm will ensue. — G. T., vol. 5, 77. ^ 4. The authority is not vested in a District Deputy to enter a Lodge or Degree Temple at pleasure, demand possession of the Chair and proceed to preside without the consent of the presiding officer. — Ibid. He has the right to demand the chair, and restore order, when a Lodge is working unconstitutionally, or adjourn the meeting. — Me., 9th s., 10 N. H., 35. 5. The District Deputy in regular commission has the right to enter any Lodge in his district, and if any Lodge refuses him admittance, and persists in such refusal, report should be made to the G. W. C. T., who will take such action in the premises as may be necessary. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 22. 6. All matters of doubt in business, form, law or usage, should first be submitted to the D. G. W. C. T., whose de- cisions are law until reversed; subject to appeal to the G. W. C. T. or Grand Lodge.— 111., 44. The decisions of the D. G. W. C. T. are law, in the absence of the G. W. C. T. Questions should be first submitted to the former, and, if his decisions are not satisfactory, then to the latter. — Pa., 15th s., 23. 7. A District Deputy has no more right than any other member to insist upon candidates being initiated after all the business of the Lodge is transacted, ready to dose, and not willing to initiate. — Mich., 13th s., 29. 8. A District Deputy has authority over a Lodge Deputy in his decisions, and such Lodge Deputy is subject to him within the limits prescribed by the Constitution. — Pa., 13th 6., 21, 9. A presiding Lodge Deputy can revoke a decision of DEPUTIES. 145 the former L. D., when the decision is wrong in itself. — Ibid., 28. 10. Q. A question on Constitutional law arises in a Lodge ; the W. C. T. refers the matter to the Deputy, who Viakes a decision. Is the decision of the Deputy binding ? (2»'l.) A difficulty arises in a Lodge .on a question of law, and is likely to result disastrously to the Lodge ; to pre- vent any disastrous result by mutual agreement, the question is referred to the G. W. C. T. for decision. The question is sent up, the G. W. C. T. decides the matter. Is his decision legal and binding? A. The decision of the Deputy would be binding until appealed from and reversed ; and in reply to the second question, I would say that the decision of the G. W. C. T. would be legal and binding until appealed from and re- versed, provided the Deputy was a party to the agreement to submit the question to the G. W. C. T. This view of the matter was in harmony with former decisions, and as these decisions have been expressly sanctioned by the R. W. G. Lodge, they have all the sanction of law until reversed by the same authority. — R. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th 8., 9. 11. A State Deputy cannot reverse the decision of a Lodge Deputy.— G. W. C. T. Tower, Conn., 3d s., 11. 12. A Lodge Deputy can only give an official decision when a question of law is submitted to him, as in case of appeal from the decision of the W. C. T. ; yet it is his duty to inform the Lodge of any proposed illegal action ; and if such action be taken, forthwith to report it, with a copy of the record, to the G. W. C. T. — Pa., 14th s., 14. 13. A Deputy has no right to order a second or third ballot for a candidate who has been rejected in a legal manner.— G. W. C. T. Dillingham, N. H., 35. 14. A Deputy cannot give a decision in any matter that he is party in, or in wliich he may be interested. — - G. W. C. T. Potter, N. J., 4th s., 8. 15. Whether a Deputy who has participated in discus- 10 146 DEPUTIES. fiion upon any question should pronounce decisions upon such questions, is a matter of taste rather than right. Clearly he may do so.— G. W. C. T. Chase., Pa., 1869. 16. A Lodge Deputy has no authority to decide the de- liberate and recorded action of his Lodge illegal, unless the same be directly in conflict with the Constitution, By- Laws, rules or usages of our Order, however unwise such action may be.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1869. Nor interfere with or control such action. — G. W. C. Ward, N. Y., 8th s., 12. 17. A Deputy can hold office in a Subordinate Lodge. —111., 104. Wis., 7th s., 29. Mass., 73. 18. Except W. C. T.— Ind., 7th s., 11. 111., 7th s., 31. Iowa, 8th s., 59. Can., vol. 15, 12. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. K. W. G. T. Hastings, 10th s., 8. 19. A Lodge Deputy cannot be elected to and hold the office of W. C. T.— R. W. G. T. Hastings, 10th s., 8. 20. He can be elected W. C. T., and hold the office, pro- vided he resigns as Lodge Deputy, before his installation as W. C. T.— Conn., 2d s., 42. 21. Neither the District nor Lodge Deputy can hold the office of W. C. T. of a Subordinate Lodge under the uniform Constitution. The decision of the R. W. Grand Lodge, at its tenth annual session, denies this privilege to Lodge Deputies; and Aft. 7, Sec. 2, of the uniform Con- stitution, which provides that appeals from the decisiont* of W. C. T. shall be decided by District Deputies, dis- qualifies such District Deputies from acting as the W. C. T. of Subordinate Lodges.— R. W. G. T. Orne, 15th s., 8. 22. If a W. C. T. should be appointed D. G. W. C. T. before his term as W. C. T. expires, if he accepts thb office of Deputy, he should resign that of W. C. T., or strictly speaking, the acceptance of one, works a vacation of the other.— Ind., 7th s., 11. Decisions 17, 18 and 22 jefer to both District and Lodge Deputies. DEPUTIES. 147 2^* A Lodge having elected and informally installed the L. Deputy as W. C. T., can he hold the oifice? A. No.— Wis., 16th s., 41. 24. A D. G. W. C. T. must be installed as an officer of a Subordinate Lodge, either by the G. W. C. T., District Deputy, or Deputy of another Lodge, or a person specially authorized to do so. — G. W. C. T. Hastings, Wis., 6th s. 39. 25. A D. G. W. C. T. cannot, constitutionally, or ac- cording to his commission, appoint a substitute to install officers, or perform any other part of his duty. — Can., vol. 6, 2. Wis., 6th s., 23, 7th s., 29. He being but a Deputy, cannot himself deputize. The supreme and only original authority to install officers being in the G. W. 0. T., all deputations must emanate from him. — Pa., 15th s., 23. 26. He may, however, designate another regular Deputy to install officers. — N. H., 66. Conn., 6th s., 46. 27. A Deputy of one Lodge can install the officers of another Lodge, he being solicited so to do by the Deputy of the Lodge for whom the installation is to be performed. — Ind., 7th s., 13. 111., 7th s., 31. Conn., 6th s., 46. 28. So may a State Deputy. — Wis., 5th s., 45. Conn., 6th s., 46. 29. Or at request of Lodge, in absence of Lodge Depu- ty.— 111., 1861. Conn., 6th s., 46. 30. A Temple (or Lodge) Deputy has the right to in- stall the officers of his own Temple, whether the County (or District) Deputy is present or not. 31. It is the duty of the County (or District) Deputy to iastall only when the Temple (or Lodge) Deputy is absent, or by consent or request of the latter officer when present. Any expressions, either in the Constitution of Subordi- nate Temples or in the printed forms of Deputies* com- 148 DEPUTIES. missions, that may conflict with this decision, are null anc] void in law, and cannot be sustained. — G. W. C. T. Md Lean, Canada. Approved by E. W. G. L., 11th s., 51. 32. A Lodge Deputy has no right to install officers until! the bond of the Treasurer has been approved, and the G, L. tax and returns placed in his hands. — Neb., 3d s., 13. 33. A Deputy, while addressing the retiring W. C. T. and the officers to be installed, should rise to his feet. — G. W. C. T. Brandt^ Iowa, 18th s., 7. 34. A Deputy should give the salutation on entering the Lodge room at installation. — Cal., 8th s., 34. 35. A member recommended by a Lodge to the G. W. C. T. for Deputy, cannot install the officers of a Lodge before he receives his commission. — G. W. C. T. Brandt, Iowa, 8th s., 8. 36. A State Deputy has no right to install the officern of a Lodge, when he has received notice that the charter of such Lodge has been forfeited. — Wis., 5th s., 45. 37. A Lodge Deputy has no right to obtain the P. W. from some member of another State, and then install the officers of his Lodge when his Lodge is two quarters in arrears to G. Lodge, and on doing this, forfeits his com- mission.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 38. A Deputy cannot giant a dispensation in a Lodge of which he is not a deputy. — N. H., 66. 39. He should not make a regular practice of granting dispensations, but only do it when there seems to be an emergency requiring it. — Ind., 14th s., 30. 40. A Lodge Deputy has no right to grant dispensations in the Lodge or Degree Temi)le at his own instance, with- out a vote of the Lodge requesting the same. — Cal., 8th s., 34. 41. AD. G. W. C. T. cannot grant a dispensation to initiate a person that has been expelled, before the expi- ration of six months. — G. W. C. T. Brandt, Iowa, 10 s., 11. DEPUTIES. 149 42. A State, County or District Deputy has no right to grant a dispensation, or perform any other duties of the Lodge Deputy, except to install the officers, and only then when invited. — Ind., 17th s., 33. Or in the absence of the Lodge Deputy. 43. A Lodge Deputy has no power to grant a dispensa- tion to a Lodge to appear in regalia at a public meeting connected with a District Convention. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 59. 44. A D. D. has no right to grant a dispensation to hold public installations.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 53. 45. A Lodge D. W. G. W. C. T.'s commission gives the Fame powder in the Lodge as the G. W. C. T. possesses, and the Deputy is the head of the Order in his absence. All decisions of such Deputy are law, until reversed on appeal, and such Lodge is bound to submit to such decisions, or appeal. But he must confine himself to his legitimate duties. If he assumes authority that does not be- long to him, and undertakes to override the Consti- tution, or the decisions of the Grand or R. W. G. Lodge, his decisions are not and cannot be law. (See under W. C. T.) 46. When a Subordinate Lodge is at work, a Deputy has no authority to stop the work for the purpose of con- ferring degrees, without a vote of the Lodge requesting the same. — Cal., 8th s., 34. 47. A Lodge Deputy is visiting another Lodge. A question of law arises, and he is appealed to for his de- cision. Has he the authority to make one, and is it bind- ing upon the Lodge ? A, He has the right to give his opinion in such case, but it is only advisory, and not binding on the Lodge. The commission of a Lodge Deputy does not give him 150 DEPUTIES. authority to make decisions except in his own Lodge. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 59. 48. He has no more rights than any other member of the Lodge, and should come to order at the request of the W. C. T., and if he fails to do so, should be tried and punished for contempt. — Cal., 13th s., 70. 49. A Lodge Deputy neglecting or refusing to make known any matter to liis Lodge, sent to him for that pur- pose by the G. W. C. T. or G. S., forfeits his commission. —G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1869. 50. The official acts of a Deputy should be communi- cated to the Lodge in a respectful manner. If the Lodge fails to regard these decisions thus expressed, and unre- versed by the G. W. C. T., it is contempt of the G. Lodge, the Deputy being a G. Lodge officer. — G. W. C. T. De Wolf, O., loth s., 59. 51. Q. Is it lawful for a District Deputy, if he suspects dishonest practices in returns of per capita tax, to call for and examine the books of a Subordinate Lodge? A. The District Deputy, as the representative of the G. Lodge, may demand access to the books of any Subor-! dinate Lodge for the purpose of investigation under above circumstances.— P. E. W. G. T. Chase, G. L. Scotland, 222.- 52. A Lodge Deputy has no right to arrest a charter of a Lodge, but should at once report any irregularity to the G. W. C. T., and await his orders.— G. W. C. T. Nichols, 111., 10th s., 10. 53. It is not only the right but the duty of a Distric Deputy to render his decision in points of order. — Cal.,' 5th s., 18. 54. In all cases where a Subordinate Lodge passes resolution requiring the L. D. elect to give bonds for t" faithful account of all moneys coming iuto his hands, th G. W. C. T. will require such Deputy to give such bonds before he will be permitted to discharge the duties of such office. Inasmuch as the Grand Lodge holds the Subordi- nate Lodge responsible for Grand Lodge dues, even DEPUTIES. 151 though the same has been paid to the Deputy, thus treat- ing that officer as the agent of that Subordinate Lodge, it is proper that the Subordinate Lodge should have power to protect itself from possibility of loss. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 52. 55. A Lodge Deputy, upon receiving his commission, enters at once upon the duties of the oliice.— Ibid. 56. A D. D. or L. D. does not have to be installed. — Ibid. 57. Removal from the vicinity of a Lodge vacates a Lodge Deputy's commission, and the Lodge should rec- ommend another.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 53. 58. Is it proper for a G.*W. C. T. to suspend a State Deputy's commission as soon as charges are preferred against him, or should he wait until he is found guilty? The G. W. C. T.^an exercise his own discretion as to the wisdom and propriety of suspending or revoking such commissions. The Deputy is the agent of the G. W. C. T., exercising such powers as are indicated by the terms of his commission and the provisions of the Constitution, and he holds the commission during the pleasure of that officer. Whenever in his judgment the best interests of the Order demand that such commission should be sus- pended or revoked, it is his right and duty to do so. — R. W. G. T. Orne, 15th s., 9. ' This principle is affirmed by R. W. Gr. L., 19th b., 95. 59. In case of wilful neglect and disregard of duty and rules on the part of the Lodge Deputy, can action be taken in Subordinate Lodge, or must the matter come before the G. W. C. T. ? A. If neglect of official duty, before G. W. C. T. ; if disregard of the rules of the Order or Lodge, before the Lodge.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 53. 60. A Lodge or District Deputy is not responsible to the Subordinate Lodge for acts purely official; the Lodge may complain and ask his removal from office, but cannot 152 DEPUTIES. put him on trial, or inflict a penalty ; in other respects he is liable in common with other members. — Pa., 14th s., 13. Me., 9th s., 10. 61. Lodge Deputies are eligible to the office of Degree Templar, being installed by some Deputy, or by a P. D, Templar.— Ibid., 29. 62. A State Deputy is not a Grand Lodge officer, and as such entitled to wear three stars on each side of his regalia. — Conn., 4th s., 46. The number and style of stars upon regalia hav- ing been left to the taste and pleasure of Lodges, the Grand Lodge of Connecticut has prescribed that a certain number of stars shall be worn on G. L. regalia, which explains the above decision. Pa. (12th 8., 32) decides that though a Deputy is an officer of the G. Lodge, he is not entitled to wear a Grand officer's regalia. 63. Has the Lodge Deputy the right to wear his official regalia at every meeting of the Lodge, or only on occa- sions, such as installation 6r similar occasions? A, He can wear it at all Lodge meetings. — G. W. C. T. Chas€, Pa., 19th s., 68. 64. Upon the organization of a new Lodge, a member of a sister Lodge cannot be appointed as Deputy G. W. C. T. for that Lodge —Pa., 12th s., 32. 65. A Lodge may not have a Lodge Deputy who is a member of another Lodge. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 17. 66. The office of District and L. Deputy can be held by the same person, at the same time in the same district. — Ibid. 67. There is no such officer as Degree Deputy. — O., 14th s., 28. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 17. 68. A D. G. W. C. T.'s authority extends to Degree Lodges. — Iowa, 8th s., 8. DEPUTIES. 153 69. A D. G. W. C. T. is the proper Degree Templar by virtue of his office, unless a reguhir Degree Lodge has been organized, and Degree Templar elected and duly commissioned by the G. W. C. T. — Ind., 6th s., 14. 70. When a Lodge Deputy fails to meet with the Lodge more than three or four times a quarter, without apparent excuse, what is the proper remedy for the Lodge ? If the absence of the Deputy is so frequent as to em- barrass the proceedingvS, complaint should be made to the G. W. C. T., who will revoke the deputation, unless the Deputy becomes more attentive to his duty. — G. W. C. T. White, Vt., 5th s., 6. 71. Lodge Deputies are expected to be present at the Lodge meetings as regularly as is consistent, and they can- not discharge their duties as prescribed in our Constitu- tion, unless they are regular attendants upon such meet- ings. They are not, however, officers of the Lodge, and hence are not finable for non-attendance. They are re- sponsible, officially, only to the G. W. C. T. and Grand Lodge.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 16. 72. A Deputy cannot use the P. W. to work his way when in arrears, although officially in his possession from the G. W. S. A Deputy in arrears forfeits his commis- sion. -111., 7th s., 31. Conn., 6th s., 47. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. 73. And the Lodge has not only power to deny him a seat, but to expel him for attempting to gain admittance upon the pass, when his dues are unpaid (he not being in possession of the pass, in a Constitutional sense). — Ind., 7th s., 13. 74. A L. D. has no right to instruct any one, except an- other Deputy, in the key of our Order, or in the mannei of making out the pass-word from the cipher, — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa,, 17th s., 51. Iowa, 11th s., 8. 75. Members have no right to argue points of law with a L. D., or to contradict him, or to use disrespectful lai^- guage.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 52. 154 DEPUTIES. 76. A Lodge Deputy has no more right to speak more than twice upon a subject than any other member of the Lodge, except in the discharge of official duties as Depu- ty.— Ibid. 77. A L. D. has no right to keep the Digest belonging to .the Lodge in his possession, or copy of Keystone Good Templah furnished by the Grand Lodge. They are the property of the Lodge, and all members have a right to use them. — Ibid. 78. Lodges, when their Deputies are permanently ab- sent, should recommend a new appointment. — 111., 1860. 79. If a Deputy G. W. C. T. resigns, he should make it known to the Lodge prior to sending in his resignation to the G. W. S., allowing the Lodge to recommend his successor, as he has no right to name his successor. — Ind., 7th s., 7. 80. A D. G. W. C. T., by taking a clearance card, for- feits his commission. — G. W. C. T. Williams, Cal., 3d s., 10. Unless a State or District Deputy, and he imme- diately joins another Lodge. 81. A State or District Deputy who obtains a clearance card and retains it without joining any Lodge, has no right to perform the functions pertaining to a Deputy's office, by installing officers, exemplifying the unwritten work of the Order, etc.— Cal., 8th s., 34. G. W. C. T. Potter, ]Sr. J., 4th s., 9. 82. A Deputy has no right to allow persons to join a Lodge as charter members, after the Lodge has been organized past first t-erm, nor should he initiate any person as a charter member, unless fully satisfied as to the cha- racter of the applicant. — G. T., vol. 5, 29. 83. Each Deputy should, immediately after each instal- lation, send a report to the G. S. stating the time when the officers were installed, the names of the W. C. T. and DEPUTIES. 155 S., and state the general condition of the Lodge, and such other matters as would be of interest. — Ibid. 84. A special Deputy is one appointed to do certain acts Ret forth in his commission, and when those acts are per- formed his authority ceases, and while performing these acts, no officer, but he who issued tlie commission, has any authority to interfere. — Ind., 7th s., 7. 85. A P. W. C. T. can be commissioned as Deputy, while holding that office. — Ind., 12th s., 31. 86. No one except a G. W. C. T. or Deputy of the G. W. C. T., whose commission authorizes him to do so, can institute a Lodge. — 111., 7th s., 21. 87. Can a District or Lodge Deputy of one District institute Lodges within the jurisdiction of another such officer ? A, Lodge Deputies have no power to institute Lodges, unless specially empowered by the G. W. C. T. District Deputies are assigned fixed boundaries, and unoccupied fields to labor in. To go beyond these and into tlie territory of another, would be an act of discourtesy which no Good Templar should be guilty of. We should regard it as an ofifence deserving of severe censure, but by invitation we could see no objection to a zealous and energetic Deputy aiding a less energetic and successful brother. This, like many other subjects of a similar nature, can be regulated without any additional legislation. — Pa., 13th s., 34. 88. In case a State, District or Lodge Deputy violates his pledge, it is the duty of the Lodge to which he belongs to try him for the offence, and then to notify the officer from whom he received his commission of the action of the Lodge in the premises. Should he be suspended or expelled, the action of the Lodge virtually annuls his com- mission, and the G. W. C. T., or R. W. G. T., who issued it, has simply to strike the name from his list of Deputies. —R. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s., 10. Pa., 16th s., 20. 89. A Lodge has no power to remove a Lodge Deputy by vote, but can petition the G. W. C. T. for his removal. 156 ELIGIBILITY OF MEMBERSHIP. The petition should always set forth the reasons why the Deputy should be removed. — G. W. C. T. Nichols, III., 11th s., 10. 90. A Deputy refusing to forward money belonging to| G. Lodge to G. W. S. is liable to charge. — Wis., 12th 8, A AO. 91. When under our laws and decisions circumstances in a Lodge warrant a L. D. in demanding the chair, he must close the Lodge in the usual form and adjourn to the j regular time of next meeting. The Lodge at next meet- i ing must go through the regular order of business, the unfinished business of last meeting (if any) coming up regularly under the head of "unfinished business." — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 53. 92. A L. D. decides all questions of law, when submit- ; ted to him by the W. C. T., the Lodge, or any member of the Lodge, and also decides questions at his own instance ' when, in the unconstitutional proceedings of a Lodge, it becomes necessary for him to interfere. See Good oj the Order, chap. 14. — Id. 93. The District Deputy may prefer a charge against a member in his jurisdiction. In case of an appeal it would be made directly to the G. W. C. T.— Id. For some practical remarks on the rights, privi- leges, and duties of Deputies, the reader is referred to chap. 14 and 18 of the " Good of the Order/' by the author (see Adv.). Eligibility of Membership. 1. The adoption of honorary membership, by Grand or Subordinate LodgCvS, is a violation of the usages of the Order, as well as its spirit and object. — E. W. G. T. Chase, 7th 8., 12. Can., vol. 7, 8. K. L, 4th s., 7. Ind., 15th 8., 14. 2. Can w^e receive as members colored persons ; and will the Grand Lodge grant a charter to such parties ? ELIGIBILITY TO MEMBERSHIP. 157 A, We receive into our Order all who are willing to subscribe to our laws, irrespective of their color. It ia sufficient for us to know that they have a soul to save from the blighting effects of intemperance, in order to throw open our doors to them; and if application should be made for a charter to open a Lodge by such parties, it would be granted. — Can., vol. 14, p. 15. Iowa, 11th p., 8. R. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s., 7. 3. No person known to be deeply immoral, should be admitted to membership in our Order, until he gives good evidence of a sincere desire to reform. — G. W. C. T. Tow- er, Conn., 3d s., 11. 4. A candidate refusing to answer the question, Do you believe in the existence of Almighty God or answer- ing the same in the negative, must retire from the ante- room, and cannot become a member of our Order. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 9th s. 5. Can persons who do not believe that the Bible is the word of God become members of our Order ? A. If they answer all the questions of the P. W, C. T. affirmatively they can.— G. W. C. T. Way, Ind., 13th 8.,7. 6. Deaf and dumb persons may be admitted into our Order, provided they can read and write, through which means they inust receive the obligation, and consent to a compliance with our Constitution, laws and usages. — Can., 5, vol. 20. 7. When such members present themselves at the outer gate, it will be the duty of the S. to report them through the G. to the W. C. T., by whose instructions they will be admitted to the Lodge room. — Ibid. 8. Soldiers who have lost their right arm in the service of our country, should not be deprived of membership in our Order because they cannot make all our signs. — G. W. C. T. Way, Ind., 13th s., 7. 9. A Government Inspector or watchman at a distillery can become a member of our Order and continue in that 158 ELIGIBILITY TO MEMBERSHIP. occupation ; being a Government officer, lie is not con» nected with the liquor traffic.— Pa., 14th s., 35. 10.. An inspector and ganger of whisky under the regu- lations of the revenue laws of the U. S. can be admitted to membership in our Order, and continue to act in such capacity.— G. VY. C. T. Needham, Ky., 5th s., 10. 11. Can excisemen, who are necessarily employed in breweries and distilleries, be members of the Order? A. Yes ; the prohibition does not apply to excisemen. — P. R. W. G. T. Chase, G. L. of Scotland, 223. 12. A druggist who sells liquors only for medicinal, sacramental and mechanical purposes, can become a mem- ber of our Order. — Ind., 12th s., 7. Iowa, 14th s., 8. 13. So can his clerk, or any one in his employ. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 22. 14. Can a person who manufactures cider be admitted to membership in our Order, he being a temperance man otherwise ? A . He can, provided he does not manufacture it to be used as a beverage. — Mich., 15th s., 32. 15. A member of our Order can act as a clerk in a store where cider is sold, provided he refuses and does not par- ticipate in the sale thereof. — G. W. C. T. Brandt, Iowa, 18th s., 7. 16. A maltster cannot become a member of the Order so long as he continues the business of malting. — G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 5th s. 17. A clerk in a store where wines and liquors are sold as a beverage, and where it is part of his duty to handle them, cannot be a worthy member of our Order ; and most certainly the owner or part owner of a store where wines and liquors are thus sold cannot be more worthy.— R. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s., 8. Wis., 9th s., 16. 18. Can an officer of a steamboat, who occasionally makes purchases of liquors, for consumption as a beverage, with other articles of merchandise, as an accommodation to patrons of the boat, but without pay or commission for ELIGIBILITY TO MEMBERSHIP. 159 himself, become a member of the Order of Good Tem» plars, or remain such and continue this practice? A. He cannot; such purchases not being compulsory, nor any part of the legitimate duty of an officer, in navi- gating a steamboat.— K. W. G. T. Hastings, 13th s., 8. 19. A person holding membership in a Lodge in one State, having been absent therefrom a year, can join a Lodge in another State by initiation. — Neb., 5th s., 42. 20. No one except a member of a Grand Lodge can be admitted to membership in the K. W. G. Lodge. — E. W. G. T. Chase, 8th s., 7. 21. Two Third Degree members, whose Lodge became extinct five years ago, in the absence of the members, and said Lodge letting their charier go by default, neither dis- tributing cards nor reporting to their Grand Lodge, being able to prove themselves in the Degrees, and vouched for as in the above circumstances, and desiring to connect themselves with the Order again, were, upon the night of organization, requested to assist in tlie organizing cere- monies, signed the Constitution, paid their full initiation fees, and assisted in the Grand offices: Does the fact of their officiating instead of passing through the ceremonies as initiates prevent their being members? Are they not essentially members of the Lodge, where they officiated, and have complied with all the requirements and condi- tions as initiates ? A. What was the status of the two individuals spoken of at the time of the organization of the Lodge? If, on the giving up of the charter of the Lodge of which they were formerly members, they had procured cards, these cards would have been valid but one year; and hence, at the close of the year, had they not in the mean time used the cards to connect themselves with some other Lodge, they would have been out of the Order. The fact that they did not get cards on the breaking up of the Lodge, cannot place them in any more favorable position at the end of five years than they would have been in had they obtained them. 160 ELECTION OF CANDIDATES. Taking this view of the matter, and guided by the 'aw and decisions of the Order, I answer the first question by saying, that the fact that they were not initiated does pre- vent their being members, without some further action be- ing had, and hence it follows, in reply to the second ques- tion, that the fact of their having officiated without initia- tion, does- not make them members of the Lodge. I would recommend that the brothers in question, everything hav- ing been done in good faith, be simply required to take the obligation— K. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s., 9. 22. A Lodge has no right to admit to membership any person residing in another town where a Lodge exists, without permission from the Lodge which is located in the town where such person resides.— G. W. C. T. Walk- ley, Conn., 4th s., 22. N. Y., 1st s., 21. Ante 38, Art. 3. 23. Stacy Lodge requires persons to be sixteen years of age in order to become members; Corry Lodge, four miles from Stacy, requires persons to be only fourteen years of age ; now have persons under sixteen, resident at Colum- bus, a right to go and join Corry Lodge without the con- sent of Stacy Lodge? If so, is Stacy Lodge obliged to admit them as visitors? A. Persons under sixteen years of age, resident in Co- hmibus, have not the right to go and join Corry Lodge, witiiout the consent of Stacy Lodge, and the admission of visitors, by Lodges, being an act of courtesy rather than a ri(jht, Stacy Lodge is to be the judge of the propriety of admitting such members as visitors. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. Election of Candidates. 1. Propositions for membership in our Order must be written or printed. — Can., vol. 9, 13. 2. It is not necessary to have a separate committee ap- pointed for each candidate proposed. The W. C. T. can ELECTION OF CANDIDATES. 161 appoint the same committee on any number of proposi- tions, unless objection is made, or a desire expressed bj Bome member to have a separation. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 16. 3. The proposer cannot be one of the committee. — Id., 18. 4. Q. Can a Lodge appoint a standing committee at the commencement of each term to investigate all propo- sitions for membership? A. Art. 3, Sec. 2, requires each proposition to be submitted to a committee of three, but does not specify the time when such committee shall be appointed; therefore a By-Law appointing a standing committee at commencement of each term would meet all requirements of the Constitution, and a greater number than three would not conflict, while a less would, — Id., 17th B., 50. 5. It is an imperative duty of a W. C. T. to appoint a Committee of Investigation on the proposition of a person he deems of a doubtful character. — G. W. C. T. Brandt, Iowa, 10th s., 8. 6. A committee upon a proposition can report the same evening that the proposition is made. — Wis., 7th s., 28. 7. Or at the next meeting, or be continued until some other meeting. — Ind., 17th s., 39. 8. When a majority of a committee on an application for membership are not present to make their report at the ne^t regular meeting after their appointment, other members can be added to the committee, in order that a report may be made that evening, and in the absence of all the members of the committee a new one can be ap- pointed.— G. W. C. T. Brandt, Iowa, 18th s., 7. 9. A committee of investigation upon application for membership should always have a personal interview with the candidate, unless from intimate acquaintance and pre- vious knowledge such person is known to be worthy and to desire membership.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 16. Wis., 9th s., 16. 11 162 ELECTION OF CANDIDATES. 10. A party whose name has been proposed in Lodge A, and referred to a committee, cannot, before the com- mittee makes report, or the Lodge takes any further action, join Lodge B.— Ind., 17th s., 39. 11. The report of a committee of investigation on a candidate for membership, must be submitted to the Lodge for action before the ballot be taken, whether the report be favorable or unfavorable. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1872. 12. When a committee of investigation have reported upon an application, the Lodge can recommit it for fur- ther investigation. — Iowa, 7th s., 25. 13. A number of candidates can be voted for at once, except when black balls are cast; it should then be done singly —N. Y., 2d s., 23. Iowa, 9th s., 27. 111., 13th s., 75. This decision is correct, as it gives a secret ballot against any particular candidate, and as many times a large number of candidates are voted for, against whom no one has objection, much time is saved by this practice. The R. W. G. L. has expressed the opinion that this question belongs to Grand Lodges (12th s., 25). 14. Can Lodges under decision of P. R. W. G. T. Chase vote on candidates collectively without first obtaining con- sent of the Lodge? Ans. It is competent for any one to move, and for the Lodge to vote, that a ballot be taken collectively upon all the candidates. It is also competent for the Lodge to pass a By-Law, Rule of Order or stand- ing resolutions to the same effect. It would not be proper for the W. C. T., in the absence of any action of the Lodge in the premises, to direct a collective ballot to be taken. This is a permissive privilege, awarded Lodges to save time in balloting for candidates supposed to be entirely unobjectionable, but is only brought into action ui>on the Lodge, in some way, indicating its desire to ELECTION OF CANDIDATES. 163 avail itself of sucli privilege. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th 8., 59. 15. While a ballot is proceeding for W. C. T., it cannot be stopped and ordered over again for the purpose of allowing another candidate to be balloted for. — Cal., 7th B., 31. 16. In balloting for candidates, it is not right for one member to cast a ballot for another, nor is it right for one member to authorize another to cast his vote. — Wis., 9th 8., 16. 17. And if a member of some other Lodge votes, the result of such ballot is illegal if the vote of such visiting member changes the result. — Ibid. 18. The Marshal cannot cast the ballot of the Lodge in the election of members. — Pa., 13th s., 33. 19. A majority of black balls rejects the candidate, whether the number thrown be more or less than that specified in the Constitution. — G. W. C. T. Boyd, Me., 14th 8., 14. 20. The W. C. T. inspects the ballot-box previous to balloting, to see that no balls, white or black, are in it; after balloting, the W. C. T. examines it to ascertain the result. No officer except the W. C. T. has a right to inspect the ballot-box after ballotings are had, though, I believe, as a matter of courtesy, the R. S. is permitted by the W. C. T. to witness the count.— G. W. C. T. Pershing, Ind., 7th s., 12. This is erroneous. The W. V. T. and R. and L. Supporter examine and severally announce the result. See under Forms. 21. In the election of candidates, a Lodge must use ball ballots, or something that represents them. — Wis., 9th 8., 16. Iowa, 11th s., 40. 22. An informal ballot cannot be taken on the election of an applicant for membership. — Iowa, 7th s., 25. 23. When the question, "Have all voted who wish?" 164 ELECTION OF CANDIDATES. is asked, and one or more members answer, No," the W. C. T. has no right to declare the ballot closed before such member or members have voted. — Wis., 9th s., 16. 24. The ballot upon a proposal for membership or upon an application for the Degrees, can be re-taken upon allegation of mistake. — Cal., 3d s., 11. 25. After a candidate has been rejected, and the result declared to the Lodge, a member has no right to change his vote, but another ballot may be ordered. — Wis., 9th 8., 16. 26. Two ballot-boxes at an election in a Lodge cannot be used.—Cal., 13th s., 64. 27. A Lodge ballots for a candidate and decides to ad- mit him ; can the Lodge at its next meeting reconsider the question and take a fresh ballot ? Ans. — Yes, pro- vided such candidate has not been notified of election. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 28. Certain parties, A, B and C, reported a lady mem- ber of a Lodge as guilty of gross immorality ; an action was brought against them for slander. Pending the trial of the suit. A, B and C send their names ta the Lodge as candidates for membership. The W. S. refused to receive their names until said suit was decided. Did he do right ? A. The propositions should have been received and re- ferred to a committee, as required in the Constitution. If the committee believed the circumstances such as to ren- der it unwise to admit them to membership, they should have reported accordingly. — Id., 17th s., 55. 29. A person was proposed for membership by card ; four black balls were cast, one of them put in by a visitor. The W. C. T. declared the person elected. Was he right ? A, Yes, unquestionably; the visitor having no right to vote, there were not legal black balls enougii to reject. — Id., 59. 30. The W. C. T. or acting W. C. T. has no authority to discharge the case of a candidate, on his own responsi- ELECTION OF CANDIDATES. 165 bility, after the committee has reported favorably. — Wis., 9th 8., 7. 31. A proposition for membership can only be with- drawn after a ballot is taken by unanimous consent. — Wis., 12th s., 23. 32. In Lodge No. 2 a ballot resulted in the rejection of the candidate. A motion to reconsider prevailed. Leave was asked and granted to withdraw the name. Deputy Bishop decided the action legal, which was sustained by G. W. C. T. Downing.— Cal., 4th s., 14. 33. A person rejected on the first ballot, and said ballot being reconsidered, a Deputy G. W. C. T. cannot grant a dispensation to allow the Lodge to ballot the third time. — Mich., 7th 8., 12. 34. Ballots, on application for membership, are subject to reconsideration, whether resulting in election or rejec- tion, provided it is done prior to adjournment or any offi- cial notice thereof passing out of the Lodge. — 111., 43. Conn., 6th s., 47. E. L, 5th s., 8. 35. May be done at same or next meeting, and no other. — Un. Code, Art. 3, Sec. 2. 36. Can be reconsidered but once. — G. T., vol. 5, 155. Mich., 16th s., 31. K. I., 5th s., 8. 37. And a notice passes officially from the Lodge when the per€on is officially notified. — 111., 1859. In 1853, P. G. W. C. T. Bristol decided that ballots resulting in rejection could not be reconsidered, but he was unquestionably in error, the above decisions in Wis. and 111. being correct. 38. A ballot resulting in the rejection of a candidate, and a motion being made to reconsider, the motion to re- consider may be postponed until the next regular meeting. —111., 168. Yes. and to any future period. 166 ELECTION OF CANDIDATES. 39. Ballots resulting in the election of candidates may be reconsidered.— G. W. C. T. Bristol, 1853. In the reconsideration of the vote upon the elec- tion of a candidate, whether the result was election or rejection, it is competent for any member to make and second the motion. As the vote is by ballot, it would be impracticable to require them to have voted in the majority. (N. Y.. 8th s., 10.) P. G. W. C. T. Leech, of Iowa, decided (Iowa, 8th s., 7) that a vote electing a person to a Subordi- nate Lodge, cannot be reconsidered, which was sus- tained by the Grand Lodge. It will be seen that this decision is in conflict with that of R. W. G. T. Bristol, and it is manifestly erroneous. 40. If a proposition for membership be rejected on the first ballot, also the vote on reconsideration be rejected, the Lodge has no right to rescind the whole proceeding, and receive a new proposition before the expiration of six months, on the ground that reconsideration is no longer available. — Mich., 8th s., 15. 41. When a committee on a proposition for membership has reported, the Lodge may adopt or reject such report; if rejected, the proposition is returned to the member pre- senting it. If such committee report unfavorably, they should give their reasons, but are not compelled to do so. —111., 7th s., 33. 42. One Griffith was proposed in Manchester Lodge, . Mo., for initiation, and the committee to whom was re- ferred the proposition reported adversely to his petition ; on motion, the report was adopted by a vote of the Lodge. The W. C. T. decided that a ballot was unnecessary. G. W. C. T. Barber decided the decision of the W. C. T. as irregular and unconstitutional for the following reasons : 1. The Lodge is the proper and only tribunal to pass upon EX.ECTION OF CANDIDATES. 167 the qualifications of a candidate for admission into our Order, and its decision must be by ballot. 2. Personal feelings and prejudice might influence a com- mittee to report adversely to the claims of a candidate. 3. It would be improper to place too much power into the hands of three persons. — Mo., 7th s., 6. 43. When the Committee of Investigation reports un- favorably upon a candidate, the Lodge should ballot upon the application. — Iowa, 7th s., 25 ; G. T., vol. 8, 58. The reason of these decisions we suppose to be, that the adoption of an unfavorable report is equiv- alent to a rejection of the candidate, hence the vote should be by ballot. Although under the peculiar phraseology of the Missouri Constitution this deci- sion may be technically correct, the author deems the W. C. T. of Manchester Lodge upon the right ground, and these decisions erroneous under the usage of our Order and the majority of Constitu- tions. Is it said the adoption of an unfavorable re- port is equivalent to a rejection ? If so, it will take a majority of the Lodge to reject^ as a majority vote only can adopt a report, a sufficient safeguard cer- tainly against any prejudice of the committee. But it is not equivalent to a rejection for an appli- cation on which a committee reports adversely, if the report be adopted, it should be returned to the mem- ber presenting it, and can be renewed at any time, without requiring the six months^ probation. For instance, the committee might have reported against him because he was in a liquor hotel, when, if the Lodge adopt the report and return the application, and the next week the candidate leaves the hotel, the application can be renewed at once ; whereas, if, 168 ELECTION OF CANDIDATES. after adopting the report, the ballot must be had to reject him, no act of his can remove the disability until the expiration of six months. If an adverse report be 7iot adopted^ recommitted, or the proposition referred to a new committee, a ballot should undoubtedl}^ be had, to elect or reject, as that is the only disposition left open to be made, unless it be withdrawn^ which may be done by a majority vote. (G. W. C. T. Ward, N. Y., 8th s., 12.) 44. A person can be balloted for and initiated after the committee of investigation have reported unfavorably. — Wis., 6th s., 8. 45. Q, When a person has been proposed for mem- bership in a Lodge, and a committee are appointed, who after the usual investigation report unfavorably and are duly discharged, has a W. C. T. a right to order a ballot to be taken, and allow that person to be elected ? A. If the report in this case has been adopted by the Lodge, which we presume to have been the fact, from the com- mittee having been discharged, the question should be answered in the negative. If the report were not adopted, it gshould have been disposed of as indicated in last para- graph of remarks under sec. 43, above. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 49. 46. It does not require the unanimous consent of the members of a Lodge to allow the withdrawal of a propo- sition for membership, after having been referred to a committee, but it may be done by a majority vole. We are aware that in some Orders a proposition once sub- mitted must be tested by a ballot ; but to allow the objection of a single individual to prevent the withdrawal of an application would often endanger the existence of a Lodge, We give an illustration. A proposes his friend B for membership, who is in every way worthy. After the petition has been referred to a committee, A ascertains ELECTION OF CANDIDATES. 169 that there is a misapprehension in the minds of some members, perhaps prejudices existing \^hich a better ex- planation might remove. If a ballot is forced at once, A would be mortified in seeing his friend rejected, hard feelings would be created, and the harmony, if not the existence, of the Lodge endangered. All this could be prevented and no harm done, by allowing the proposition to be withdrawn.— G. T., vol. 6, 42. 47. Under Sec. 2d of Art. III., last clause, Con. Sub. Lodge, a candidate may be proposed, balloted for and initiated the same evening. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 44. 48. Either a District or Lodge Deputy may grant a dispensation to ballot for a candidate on the same evening of proposal, under Art. III., ? 2 of Sub. Con. — Id., 46. 49. A candidate may be proposed, reported upon, and balloted for before arriving at the required age prescribed in the By-Laws of the Lodge, if such candidate is of the required age at initiation. — G. W. C. T. Chase, 16th s., 19. 50. It is not proper to admit a candidate into the ante- room before said candidate has been elected to member- ship.— G. W. C. T. Graw, N. J., 4th s., 12. 51. Q. What can a Lodge do when a person of unim- peachable character is black-balled through personal malice? A, The ballot is a secret one, and no one is privileged to know how any member votes. Personal dislikes, how- ever, should never influence the vote of anv Good Temp- lar.— Wis., 10th s., 23. 52. When the evidence is positive that black balls are cast through personal prejudices, a charge should be immediately preferred against the member casting the same. — N. H., 8. 53. When a candidate is rejected, not at ail on account of objections to him personally, but solely because a party 170 ELECnON OF CANDIDATES. in the Lodge is determined to reject all candidates, worthy or unworthy, in order to injure the Lodge and prevent its growth, does the Lodge retain jurisdiction of the rejected candidate so that he cannot be admitted to another Lodge? No. In order to retain jurisdiction, jurisdiction must have been exercised in Faith, Hope and Charity, espe- cially in Charity, and not in malice, hatred, or any other evil disposition, toward the candidate or toward the Order.— G. W. C. T. White, Vt., 5th s., 6. 54. In Illinois, a candidate for initiation into a Subor- dinate Lodge was rejected. One month afterward, the same person was properly proposed, elected and initiated into the same Lodge. The case, after being decided by Deputy and G. W. C. T., was appealed to Grand Lodge, on ground that it was the same Lodge that rejected him and not another, and consequently not in violation of the Constitution, which says " that they shall not have been rejected or expelled from any other Lodge of our Order within three months preceding their proposition herein." Decided, that a Lodge cannot receive a candidate that U has rejected within three months, unless the Lodge rescinds its action on the proposition, which was not done in this case. The section of the Constitution referred to is as imperative on the Lodge rejecting the candidate as any other.— 111., 11th s., 43. 55. Our laws require that applications for membership in Subordinate Lodges by Deposit of card, or as Ancient Good Templars, should be referred to a committee, and reported upon at a subsequent regular meeting, the same as in the case of proposal for membership by initiation. — Mich., 10th s., 18. 56. And must be balloted for and elected. — Iowa, 12th s., 24. 57. A Lodge cannot by a vote admit a person on an expired clearance card. — Mich., 16th s., 33. 58. A Subordinate Lodge can elect and initiate as a member, a person who is a book-keeper in a wholesale liquor ELECTIOK OF CANDIDATES. 171 ptore, but he must immediately abandon such business. — Pa., 12th 8., 18. 59. In cases of reports against the character of any person elected but not initiated, the W. C. T. may have power to appoint a committee to investigate such reports, and, if they are sustained, the Lodge may declare the election null and void. — N. Y., 1st s., 21. 60. Q. A person is proposed for membership whose case is referred to a committee who report favorably ; he is balloted for and rejected ; the vote reconsidered and re- ferred back to the committee. The next evening a report is submitted, and he is balloted for and elected, and so notified. Next evening, the committee send in a written communication saying they never have signed such a report. W. C. T. declares the person elected. Is it correct ? A. No. A person cannot be legally elected on a fraud- ulent or forged report of an Investigating Committee. — Mass., 186. 61. If a member wishing to join by card is black-balled, the card is not annulled nor its validitv affected. — Wis., 8th 8., 7. 62. Where a person desires to join our Order in a town where two or more Lodges exist, at a distance of two miles or over from each other, he must be proposed in the one nearest his residence, or have the consent of such Lodge to enable him to connect himself with any other. This is obviously carrying out the vspirit of Art. 3, sec. 1, of the Constitution. — Mass., 306. 63. That provision of the Constitution which forbids that a person should be proposed for membership in any other Lodge than the one nearest his residence, except with the formally voted consent of the latter, has reference not to absolute distance but to nearness by the usually traveled road, and more particularly to that pcint which will best convenience the person desiring to connect him- 172 ELECTION OF CANDIDATES. self with our Order. In determining this, town lines are not regarded. — Maine, 9th s., 5. 64. A Subordinate Lodge has no right to receive a mem- ber of another Lodge into membership, unless he first pro- duces a clearance card from his former Lodge, or satisfac- tory proof that one was voted. — Wis., 9th s., 16. 65. The election of a candidate is determined solely by the fact that not more than four black balls be cast. There- fore if a legal quorum be present (seven in Ohio), a can- didate would be elected, though /ou?' of the seven should black-ball the person. — G. W. C. T. Spencer, O., 10th s., 29. Ohio does not have the Un. Code in which four rejects.* 66. There is no law to compel members to give their reasona for casting black balls. — Iowa, 10th s., 9. R. I., 6th s., 8. 67. Can a person who, while in good standing, has taken a card and then violated Article II., be received by initia- tion into another Lodge, the officers and members of which are well acquainted with the facts? A. The Lodge to which he applies has no means of knowing whether he has been drunk or not, any more than if he had never been a member of a Lodge, and would accordingly receive the candidate as an original applicant. — Cal., 8th s., 35. 68. If a member proposes the name of a candidate for membership, and vouches for the fee that should accom- pany the proposition, and the candidate fails to appear, the proposer is accountable to the Lodge for the fee. — Ibid. 69. Can a brother who has been expelled for divulging the private work be again received into the Order? A. There is no law in our Order which would prevent * For extended reasons in support of our law which allows /our nega- tive votes to reject an applicant, see Chap. XVII. of Chase's Good qf ihe Order. ELECTION OF OFFICERS. 173 it. The Lodge is to judge of the propriety of electing or rejecting such an applicant for membership. Certainly great caution should be used under such circumstances. — P. K. W. G. T. Chase, •G. L. Scotland, 225. 70. Can any person become a life-member of this Order I(^ga!ly, or constitutionally, by paying any sum which the Lodge may be satisfied with, and be exempt from further payment of dues? A. Yes ; provided such sum paid is sufficient to cover the aggregate of the dues for such life, and it might be of great advantage to receive a member's dues in advance. — K. W. G. L., 19th s., 96. Election of Officers. 1. All elective officers must be chosen by written or printed ballots, but the Lodge can by unanimous vote in- struct the M. to cast one ballot for the Lodge. — G.'W. C. T. Brandt, Iowa, 10th s., 8. Wis., 9th s., 10. 2. Cannot be by sign of the Order. — 12th s., 24. 3. If blank ballots be cast in an election,' they should not be counted as votes castj but thrown out. — Iowa, 7th s., 31. 4. In balloting for officers in Subordinate Lodges, only ^ legal votes are to be counted; all blanks and ballots cast for persons not properly nominated are illegal. — R. W. G. T. Russell, 18th s., 983. O., 14th s., 45. 5. In the cast of a tie, the W. C. T. has no right to give the casting vote.— Wis., 9th s., 16. G. W. C. T. Chase, 17th s., 53. He has the right to vote at the election of officers, the same as any other member. — Can., vol. 14th, 13. 6. When but one candidate is in nomination, the Lodge may instruct any member to cast the vote of the Lodge for such candidate.— III., 1858. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 45. Md., 4th s., 8. 7. Which instruction must be unanimous. — G. W. C. T, Boyd, Me., 14th s., 11. 174 ELECTION OF OFFICERS. 8. And no member can claim the privilege of ballot after mch instruction. — 111., 1858. 9. (1) When a Constitution provides: that in the event of no choice upon the first ballot, rtie two highest candi- dates shall be taken as candidates for second ballot, if more than two have an equal number, of votes, the second ballot shall be between all embraced in the two highest numbers. (2) If one of the two highest declines standing as a candidate for the second ballot, this does not introduce the third highest on the first ballot, but another ballot should be taken, same as first. — Wis., 6th s., 22. 10. A Lodge has a right to say that after a second bal- lot, voting shall be confined to the three or two highest candidates. In which case, votes given for candidates ruled out would be counted as blank ballots. — G. W. C. T. Giles, Wis., 1866. 11. Is it constitutional, when balloting for officers, to take a piece of paper (instead of the regular written bal- lot) with the names of the candidates and allow each member to mark opposite the name he prefers ? A. No ; this would not be a ballot. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 44. 12. The following resolution, viz., Resolved^ That all Third Degree members are hereby nominated to the sev- eral offices in the gift of the Lodge, does not make a nomi- nation. — Wis., 6th s., 22. 13. Can a W. C. T. of a Lodge appoint a committee to nominate officers ? A. As the mode of nominating officers is not prescribed by our laws, a Lodge may vote to have a committee ap- pointed to nominate officers, and if their report is adopted by the Lodge, such nominees would be the candidates to tjupport.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 46. 14. Each Lodge can determine whether it will receive the nominations of members to an office who are absent from meeting when the nominations are made, there being ELECTION OF OFFICERS. 175 nothing in our Constitution or By-Laws preventing it, and even if a Lodge had a By-Law or a resolution requiring all members nominated to be present, and no objection was made to one nominated while absent, before installa- tion, such member could hold office. — Ibid. 15. A W. C. T. should not entertain a motion to clo?e nominations for office so long as any one desires to nomi- nate; and to ascertain this fact he should inquire, ''Are there any other nominations?*' and pause, giving ample time for members to respond. When it manifestly appears that no one desires to make further nominations, the W. C. T. can close nominations without a motion. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. Conn., 17th s., 64. 16. A member who has been nominated for office and declined may withdraw his or her declination, and become a regular candidate. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17tli s., 53. 17. If, on the night of nomination, a member refuses to be a candidate for the office of W. C. T., but he is nomi- nated, and, on the night of election, accepts, and is elected, his election is legal. — Mich., 8th s., 15. 18. After nominations have been made by a Lodge on the regular previous meeting for any office, which nomi- nations are not declined, can a Lodge again, by vote, open the nomination on the evening of election, and will the election of officers so last nominated be of legal effect? A. They may, by a two-thirds vote, and such elections are legal.— Mich., 13th s., 12. 19. A member of a Lodge can be nominated for two or more offices, and if elected to both, such member has the right of choice as to which he will accept, leaving the other to be filled by the Lodge.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 53. 20. When the nominations for officers are made the evening preceding the election, tjie nominations cannot be again opened on the night of election without a vote of the Lodge. — Id. 21. Under last clause of Sec. 8, Art. 8, By-Laws, it re- 170 ELECTION OF OFFICERS. quires a vote of the Lodge to open nominations, where requested by five members. The By-Laws say nominations may be opened upon the request of five members, but the Lodge, by vote, is to determine whether they shall be opened or not. Such vote, however, not to be taken until five members request it. — Ibid., 18lh s., 44. 22. It is proper to nominate, elect and install officers to fill a vacancy on the same evening. — Ibid., 45. 23. Art. 8, Sec. 3 of By-Laws, says: ''The officers shall be balloted for collectively, with printed or written tick- ets." If there is only one candidate for each office, with the exception of Sentinel, and for that there are two nominations, and the Secretary is instructed to cast the ballot of the Lodge for the officers for which there is but one candidate, while the Lodge ballots for the other, can the officers be said to be balloted for collectively, and can Rnch action be properly called constitutional? A. Yes. Collectively does not necessarily mean on the same piece of paper ^ but together, or at the same time. When the Lodge unanimously instructs the Secretary or any officer or member to do a part of its voting, it is the same as though the members deposited the ballot in per- son ; and as the Lodge votes for a part of the officers tlirough the Secretary, or some other agent, and the bal- ance pervsonally, and all at the same time, and in the same box, and counted at the same time, it is a collective ballot. — Ibid., 46. 24. When individuals are nominated for W. C. T. on the evening of nomination, one declines, but on the even- ing of election receives a majority of all the votes cast, can he then accept the office, and should he be declared elected ? A. He can accept, and should be declared elected ; and so with any officer. — Mich., 13th s., 12. 25. Lodge No. 9 nominated three brothers tor W. C. T. One declined on the night of election. That brother was again nominated, and in his absence from the Lodge a ELECTION OF OFFICERS. 177 ballot was had. Before the ballots were counted, he en- tered and again positively declined. He was found to have received a majority, and declared legally elected by the W. C. T., and the Deputy sustained it. On appeal, the decision was reversed by G. W. C. T. Downing. — Cal., 4ih s., 19. 26. At the meeting prescribed by the Constitution, sis- ter A, with others, was regularly nominated for W. C. T. On the night of election, the next meeting, all the candi- dates, except the sister A, declined, whereupon a motion was made to re-open the nominations, which prevailed, and brother B and others were nominated. The electioji was held, and it was found that sister A had received seven votes, and brother B nine ; whereupon brother B was declared duly elected W. C. T. An appeal was taken, the appellant alleging, as sister A was the only regularly and constitutionally nominated candidate, she received all the legal votes cast. The Grand Lodge sustained the appeal, declaring sister A the regularly elected W. C. T., and directing the proper officer to install her. — Iowa, 8th s., 10. 27. There is not the same authority for re-opening nominations to office, where all have not refused to serve as where they have so refused ; the right in one case im- plies its existence in the other; it is simply a question of reconsideration. — Pa., 13th s., 15. 28. Sec. 3, Art. 5, requires the W. C. T. and W. V. T. to be full Degree members after the second election. Is it after the second election of that particular individual to either of these offices, or js it after the election of officers for the Lodge? A, Art. 5, Sec. 2, refers to the second election of officers in the Lodge^ and the election of officers at the organization is counted as the first. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 55. ^ 29. Is a full Degree member who has served the latter 'part of a term as F. S. and the first part of the succeeding term as S., and resigning from the latter position, eligible to the office of W. C. T. ? A. Yes. 12 178 ELECTION OF OFFICERS. 30. Where the Constitution says a W. C. T. shall an- nounce the result of a ballot at election, does it mean the whole ballot, or only candidates elected? A. He shall announce the whole ballot, and not merely the names of candidates elected. — Id. 31. When a Lodge has voted for officers, and the W. M. is not elected on the first ballot, can the Lodge by a two-thirds vote receive new candidates for the office before proceeding with the election ? A. Sec. 1, Art. 8, By-Laws of Subordinate Lodges, prescribes how and when further nominations may be made. It is too late, after an elec- tion has been gone into, unless all the nominees should decline. — Id. 32. Is a member elected W. C. T. under these circum- stances ? — A and B were nominated W. C. T. on the regular night for nomination, and on election night the nominations were re-opened and C nominated for W. C. T. Brother B said with the permission of the Lodge he declined, but permission was not granted. A received nineteen votes, B nine, and C twelve, whereupon the W. C. T. decided B not a candidate and declared A elected W. C. T. Ans. Under our Constitution officers must be elected by a majority vote, and our By-Laws prescribe that only legal votes are to be counted, and define that legal votes are only those cast for regularly nominated candidates. It seems that B said that with permission of the Lodge he declined, and it is stated that no permission was given. The very essence of a regular nomination is acceptance^ and any member nominated has the right to decline without the consent of the Lodge ; and believing that B intended to decline, we must hold that he was not a candidate, and hence that the votes cast for him should not have been counted, and A was duly elected. This opinion affirms the decision in Cal., 4th s., 19 (ante s., ^5). Sec. 26 is based on a Constitution and By-Laws which did not permit a re-opening of nominations unless all the candidates declined.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. 33. When the By-Laws of a Lodge fixed the hour of ELECTION OF OFFICERS. 179 meeting at half-past seven o^clock, and on the regular evening for election of officers the Lodge met at half- past six, in accordance with previous adjournment, and elected officers and adjourned before the hour of half-past seven arrived, the election was held illegal. When the law fixes the time for the election of any officer, no election can legally be held before the time fixed except to fill a vacancy ; but if the election be not held at the proper time, through neglect or otherwise, it may be held after the time fixed by law. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 50. 34. After the first ballot no votes are to be counted which are cast for other than the two candidates having the highest number of votes on the first ballot. Jn case of a tie between a second and third candidate on the first ballot, both may be balloted for till the fourth ballot, when, if there be still a tie, and neither withdraws, the Lodge shall determine, by special ballot, which of the two shall be a candidate at the next balloting. — O., 14th s., 45. 35. There is no such thing in our Order as reconsidera- tion of the election of officers. In case illegal votes are cast, and it is not known how they are cast, or the election is conducted illegally in any manner, the W. C. T. shouhl order a new election. — Conn., 4th s., 45. G. W. C. T. Benton, K. I., 5th s., 8. 36. In all cases of illegal election to office in a Subor- dinate Lodge, exception must be taken to such election before such officers are installed ; after an officer has been installed, and proceeds to the discharge of the duties of the office, he is entitled to all the honors of the office. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 53. Neb., 5th s., 4L 37. In an election of officers, say the W. C. T., there are fifty-two -votes cast. A receives twenty-seven votes, B twenty-five, and it can be proved that four visiting members voted with the majority; what should the Lodge do? A, If a sufficient number of visiting members voted to 180 ELECTION OF OFFICERS. change the result, and it can be proven that such illegal votes were cast in the majority, the candidate receiving a majority of the legal votes should be declared elected. If it is not known how the visiting members voted, and it cannot be proved, then the election should be declared void, and a new election held. — P. R. W. G. T. Chase, 1866. 88. If one illegal vote changed the result of an election, or even rendered the question doubtful as to the result, it would invalidate the election; but in the event the majority for one of the candidates was so large that the illegal vote could not possibly affect the result, the election would be valid.— R. W. G. L., 14th s., 89. 39. In an appeal from the action of the G. L. of Mass., — At the election of officers at the last Annual Session, B. Gardner and others were voted for. On the first and second ballot there was no election. On motion, it was yoted that on the next ballot the one liaving the highest number of votes be declared elected. The result of the third ballot was as follows : — Gardner, 62 ; Banks, 58 ; Ladon, 45 ; J. C. Scott, 32. Bro. Gardner was declared elected, from which decision appeal was made to R. W. Grand Lodge. Section 3, of Article 3, of the Constitution of Mass., reads as follows, viz : — /' The election of officers shall be by ballot, and should there be more than two candidates for the same office after the second ballot, the candidate each subsequent balloting having the lowest number of votes shall be dropped until election is made." This mandatory clause of the Constitution appears to h.ave been violated. The balloting should have been continued, until by dropping the one having the lowest number of votes, one of the candidates should have re- ceived the majority of all the votes cast. The appeal is sustained, and the election of G. W. M. declared void.— R. W. G. L., 14th s., p. 88. r ELECTION OF OFFICERS. 181 40. It is not proper, in electing officers in a Subordi- nate Lodge, to move that the candidate nominated, or one of them, if more than one, be declared the ballot of the Lodge, and thus elect by a vote, by the sign of the Order. — Iowa, 7th s., 25. 41. The election of a certain Bro. A was not illegal because the Secretary omitted his name from the Record of Candidates, and though the record had been approved by the Lodge, it could declare the approved record in- complete, and order the addition of the omitted part at the next meeting. — Mich., 14th s., 40. 42. In case, through ignorance, a Lodge elect to some office a member who has not the legal qualifications, the W. C. T. should declare such office vacant, and at once order another election. It is not necessary in such case to reconsider the vote so electing the member not having the requisite qualifications. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th 8., 16. 43. The W. C. T. on counting the ballots, called the name of another person instead of the one written on the ticket, whereby the one truly elected by the vote of the lodge, was defeated. Now, what course should be pursued ? A. If this was a mistake of the W. C. T. all proceed- ings based upon the error should be rescinded, and the Lodge be governed by the corrected statement. If it was intentional and he will not correct it and declare the proper one elected, then the Lodge Deputy, upon proof of the facts, if he was not personally cognizant of them, should declare the election void as to that particular office, and order a new election. If the W. C. T. was guilty of a fraud, a charge should be preferred against him. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1865. 44. Is it constitutional for a member of a Subordinate Lodge to be elected to any office, he (or she) not being present at the time of election, but has previously given consent to the person nominating him for such office, that he will serve? 182 ELECTION OF OFFICERS. A. The law says a member ab.«ent at nomination can- not be elected, but if consent to the nomination is ob- tained, and if no convStitiitional objection is offered, such an election would be legal. — Can., Vol. 17, 58. 45. Where the Constitution of Subordinate Lodges pro- vides that ''no member shall be eligible to the office of W. C. T. or W. V. T., unless he shall first have taken the degrees," a member who has applied and paid for the degrees, but has not taken them, may be elected W. C. T. -er W. V. T., such election to be void, if he does not take them before the time of installation. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th 8., 9. And when so void, the D. G. W. C. T. should order a new election. 46. Where Constitutions of Subordinate Lodges require the election and installation of officers to take place upon certain days, implies that it cannot be done sooner, but should circumstances prevent, it may be legally done thereafter.— Pa., 3d s., 10. 47. A Lodge voted to adjourn over its regular evening of meeting, Tuesday, till Thursday evening in the same week ; doubting the legality of the adjournment, some of the members assembled on the regular evening, and elected officers for the coming quarter. Has the Lodge a right so to adjourn, and was the election of officers legal ? It is competent for a Lodge to adjourn over the regular evening of meeting to a later evening in the same week, and when it has so adjourned, the meeting on the usual evening is not a regular meeting, nor can officers then be elected.— G. W. C. T. White, Vt., 5th s., 7. 48. Would an election of Trustees of a Lodge be illegal It, through mistake, they are elected at some other meet- ing in January, than the last? A, No. When the law fixes a time for the election of any officer, no election can be legally held before the time fixed, except to fill a vacancy; but if the election be not held at the proper time, through neglect or other- EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 183 wiflo, it may be held after the time fixed by law. — Mich., 14th s., 39. 49. By unanimous vote of the Grand Lodge of Maine, a representative was empowered to cast the vote of the Grand Lodge for G. W. Counsellor, and also for G. W. Vice Templar. Was the election legal ? A, Yes. K. W. G. L., 12th s., 46. 50. An Ex-District Deputy, who has money in his possession belonging to the Grand Lodge, which he has neglected to pay over, can be legally elected a W. C. T. of a Lodge of which he is a legal member. — Mich., 13th 6., 29. 51. A Lodge can ballot for as many Representatives at one time as it is entitled to in Grand Lodge. — Iowa, 10th s., .58. 52. Refusal to serve as an officer in a Lodge is not contempt. A sister of Social Lodge, No. 17, Wis., was appointed by W. C. T., as G. pro tem., which station she refused to fill ; thereupon the Lodge proceeded to try her for con- tempt, found her guilty, and expelled her; from which action she appealed to Grand Lodge. The action of Subordinate Lodge was reversed, and the sister re- instated in full membership. — Wis., 3d s., 15. Executive Committee. 1. When, from any cause, there are only three members of the Executive Committee, W. C. T., G. W. V. T., and G. S., present, can the other two order the G. S. to pay out money against his own judgment? A. They may, in any case where the Executive Com- mittee, or a majority of them, have power to apply the funds of the Grand Lodge directlv through the G. S. — R. W. G. T. Russell, 19th s., 15. 2. A majority of the Executive Committee may, when 184 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. properly convened, do whatever tlie whole committee could do ; consequently can, for cause, revoke the charter of a Subordinate Lodge. — Id. 3. Can a Grand Lodge Executive Committee suspend from office any member of that committee; and if they have the power to do so, can they suspend a member with- out having previously served him or her with a charge, and tried such member for the alleged ofience? A. Yes ; and such accused member shall have notice and an opportunity for defence.— R. W. G. L., 19th s., 95. 4. A Grand Lodge Executive Committee, under theUn. Code; can suspend a Grand Lodge representative to R. W. G. L. from the functions of his office and refuse to give him his credentia ls. — Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster Co., Pa., April, 1872. In this case, one of the representatives to the R. W. Grand Lodge from Pennsylvania, to the session of 1872, had been convicted of a high crime in the Quarter Sessions of Franklin County. The Execu- tive Committee of said Grand Lodge, at a meeting to which said representative was duly notified to ap- pear, suspended him from the office, and directed the credentials to be withheld from him. Whereupon the representative so suspended issued a writ of man- damus out of the Court of Common Pleas of Lan- caster County, directed to G. W. C. T. Chase and G. S. Wright, to command them to issue his creden- tials. After a full hearing and argument, the Court sustained the Grand Lodge officers and Executive Committee in every particular. The Court took the decisions in Chase's Digest as authorities, and counsel cited different decisions in it with the same effect as they would from the law reports of the State or United States. FEES AND DUES. 185 Fees and Dues. 1. A Subordinate Lodge cannot appropriate its funds for any other purpose than for the legitimate expenses of the Order, and the advancement of the cause of Temper- ance.— R. W. G. L., 11th s. 2. Fees and dues should be reduced as near to the con- stitutional minimum as possible. They should be so low as to present no pecuniary obstacle to any who may wish to unite with the Order, and especially to make it acces- sible to the young. As our Order is free from the liabil- ities imposed by the benetit system, there is no necessity for accumulating funds. Enough to pay the current ex- penses of the Lodge is all that is required, and appropri- ations from the treasury should be strictly limited to these purposes. Whatever the Lodge may choose to give for special objects, should be raised by voluntary contributions from the members who are able and willing to give. — P. G. W. C. T. Stewart, O. 3. To be clear of the books at the commencement of the current quarter, a member must pay all demands against him one quarter in advance. — R. W. G. T. Chase. 4. And to be clear of the books, one must pay fines as well as dues.— 111., 164. Ky., 6th s., 40. 5. Where a fine has been imposed on an officer or mem- ber during a quarter, it must be paid before the member can continue to have a seat in the Lodge room, for one must continue to be clear on the books to entitle him to the possession of the password and to use the same. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. Iowa, 18th s., 7. 6. A member who has not paid his dues at the begin- nitig of a quarter is considered in arrears. — 111., 1858. 7. Members must pay their quarterly dues in advance, or not be admitted to a seat in the Lodge. — Iowa, vol. 2, 8. A member has no right to refuse to pay his dues, be- cause he alleges that the officers have been improperly in- 186 FEES AND DUES. stalled, but he should pay the dues under protest, and then have the matter reviewed by the proper tribunal. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. 9. When a member applies for admission into the Lodge room without the pass, and is informed he is not in good standing, and desires to pay his dues, the F. S. may go out into the ante-room and collect the dues, or the mem- ber may be admitted for the purpose of paying his dues to the F. S.— Id. 10. And a District Deputy has no right to a seat in a Lodge when in arrears for dues. — G. W. C. T. Hawley, Wis., 2d s., 19. 11. How shall last clause of Sec. 1, Art. 4, Constitution for Subordinate Lodges (Ante 39), be construed? A, Construe literally. "No dues shall be required of one for the balance of the quarter, in which he is initi- ated." We are aware this is different from our present practice in this State, but no other consti uction can be consistently placed upon this section. We are personally cognizant of the fact tbat such was the intention of the committee who reported this Uniform Code to K. W. G. L., but there is no time to give the reasons which induced this clause of Sec. 1.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 17. Conn., 6th 8., 49. 12. There is no conflict between Sec. 1 and 2 of Art. IV. of Constitution for Subordinate Lodges. They are to be construed together^ and the first clause of Sec. 2 is only ap- plicable after the term in which a member is initiated. — Id., 19th s., 59. 13. The last clause of Sec. 1, Art. IV., of the Constitu- tion, does not apply to members admitted on clearance cards. Such members pay dues for the quarter or the frac- tion of a quarter during which they were admitted. — Id., 18th s., 45. 14. A person joining a Lodge by card must pay quaiv terly dues, the same as initiated. — Wis., 7th s., 8. FEES AND DUES. 187 15. Which are chargeable only from the time he ia re- ceived, he having no back dues to pay. — Mich., 14th s.,* 41. Iowa, 14th s., 7. 16. Is a person required to pay dues for the current quarter who is initiated on the first meeting night of the quarter, and before the officers are installed or the pass- word given out? A. Quarters, in our Order, commencing on the first and ending on the last days of certain months, have no reference to the installation of officers or impart- ing the pass-word; and as Art. 4, Sec. 1, Constitution of Subordinate Lodges, says, *'No dues shall be required of one for the current quarter of his initiation,*' a person initiated on the first meeting of the quarter would not be required to pay dues ; and persons initiated at any time pay no dues for the current quarter, and the pass-word is given to all initiates on payment of initiation fees, and no dues are required of them until the commencement of the quarter succeeding their initiation. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 54. 17. A Grand Lodge cannot fix a maximum to initiation fees or dues.— K. W. G. L., 18th s., 1048. We give the following decisions pertaining to pay- ment of dues for balance of quarter in which one is initiated, because it is still practiced in Grand Lodges which have not adopted the Uniform Constitution. These decisions, however, are not law in jurisdictions using the Uniform Constitution. 18. New members are chargeable with dues for the un- expired portion of tiie term in which they are admitted. —Mo., 5th 8., 13. And the dues for such unexpired portion of the quarter should be paid at the time of initiation and before the P. W. is given. 19. It is customary, however, not to press payment un- til the commencement of the next term. — Ind., 7th s., 10. 188 PEES AND DUES. 20. Members initiated after the first week of the quar- ter, are required to pay only for the balance of the quar- ter. — Mich., 6th s., 15. 21. A Lodge cannot initiate a member without the regular fee under any circumstances ; but the fee may be donated by the Lodge. — Ind., 12th s., 31. 22. Nor a Degree Temple. — Iowa, 11th s., 7. 23. The initiation fee and dues of ladies cannot be re- mitted, but after they are paid, they may be appropriatea back, by a vote of the Lodge. — Wis., 7th s., 8. 24. A Lodge may, previous to the initiation of a can- didate, draw a warrant on the Treasury, in his favor, for amount of initiation fee, and said warrant shall be received as cash, and placed on the books to the credit of the can- didate.— Cal., 4th s., 47. 25. A Lodge may remit dues of members in California. —Cal., 4th s., 49. 26. Charter members should, in all cases, pay degree fees.— E. W. G. T. Hastings, 13th s., 9. 27. A Grand Lodge has the constitutional right to pro- vide law that a proposition for membership shall be accompanied with a fee equal in amount to the initiation fee before a ballot can be taken on such proposition. — R. W. G. L., 815. 28. So has a Subordinate Lodge the right to require the initiation fee to be paid when the application is made. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. 17th s., 57. 29. A brother took from his Lodge a traveling card for one year, paying his dues for the year at forty cents a quarter. At commencement of next quarter the dues were raised to fifty cents ; can he be required to pay the ad- ditional ten cents each quarter? A. No. The card certifies that all dues and demands have been paid to expiration of year, and the Lodge can no more require him to pay the advance than the publisher of a news- paper Avho afterward raises the subscription price can FEES AND DUES. 189 require his advance subscribers to pay the increased price. —Ibid., 16th s., 23. 30. A member takes a card from Lodge B, paying his dues in advance for one year or more, but in the course of a few weeks, deposits said card in Lodge C ; it is asked must he pay his dues in C at the commencement of the following quarter, before he is entitled to the password? Decided, that as Lodge C has no authority to demand from Lodge B payment of the member's dues, and he has subscribed to the laws of C, he is amenable thereto, and nmst pay his dues therein, the same as any other member, before he is entitled to the password. — R. W. G. L., 8th s., 7, appeal from G. L. of Can. 31. A member joining a Lodge by card, during the quarter for which he is legally in possession of the P. W., would not be chargeable with dues, until the commence- ment of the next quarter ; but after that lime would be, though his dues might have been paid for a longer time in the Lodge granting the card. — G. W. C. T. Nichols, 111., 10th s., 11. 32. Quarterly dues are always payable in advance at the commencement of the quarter. — R. W. G. T. Hastings, 14th s., 12. 33. A member is six months in arrears, when he is two quarters back, besides the quarter new commencing. — Iowa, 7th s., 26. 34. If a member pays his dues for one quarter in ad- vance, at the first regular meeting in February, he will only be three months in arrears at the first meeting in August of the same year. — Pa., 12th s., 18. 35. No action of the Lodge is required to suspend mem- bers for non-payment of dues ; they are suspended by the operation of our laws ; it being the duty of the F. S. to announce the names of members in arrears, the W. C. T. to declare that thev are suspended, and a record of the fact made by the Sec— Wis., 16th s., 46 ; G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. 190 FEES AND DUES. 36. If a member is suspended for non-payment of dues, do any dues accrue to him during such suspension? In other words, A is suspended for non-payment of dues, and after having been suspended for a year, desires to become again an active member, does he have to pay one year's dues in addition to the balance standing against him at date of his suspension ? A. Dues cease with suspension, unless the suspension be as punishment for violation of Article 11. — Cal., 6th s., 35 ; Conn., 9th s., 17. 37. Any Subordinate Lodge using the Uniform Consti- tution, can make a By-Law subject to the approval of the G. W. C. T. or G. L., to define whether dues of members suspended for non-payment shall cease with suspension, or whether a member desiring to be re-instated shall pay all dues that would accrue up to time of re-instatement. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. 38. If a member has left the place permanently without withdrawing from the Order, the Lodge can suspend such member for non-payment of dues, at any time, without waiting the time required in the Constitution. — Iowa, 8th 8., 8. 39. Can a Lodge expel, after due suspension, for non- payment of due^ ? If so, when ? Ans. A Lodge can have a By-Law authorizing the ex- pulsion of any suspended member after one year, but notice must be given such member of his arrears before expulsion. I do not say you have not the power to make, a By-Law for a shorter period, but that is the usage in America. I consider it is unwise to expel at the close of the second quarter for unpaid dues. Eetaining the names of members on the roll stimulates our membership to col- lect their dues. We do not allow our Lodges to suspend members under six months, or expel under a year. We require our Subordinate Lodges to pay tax to Grand Lodge on every member who is not suspended bona fide from his Lodge, and as they cannot suspend before the end of the FEES AND DUES. 191 second quarter, if they had not received the dues they would have to pay Per Capita Tax on members who have paid nothing to the Subordinate Lodge funds. The result of that law is, that to avoid paying Tax on members who have paid nothing to their funds, they appoint parties to go to the members, and solicit them to pay their dues, and, in nine cases out of ten, we find they do. — P. R. W. G. T. Chase, G. L. Scotland, 222. 40. It requires no motion to fine an officer in a Subor- dinate Lodge for non-attendance, he not giving a lawful excuse. — Ind., 17th s., 33. 41. An officer absent from a special meeting, if notified of such meeting, is finable. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th 8., 44. 42. If a member refuse to pay a fine imposed upon him for disobeying a By-Law, what course should be pursued with him? A, The fine may be charged to him on the books of the F. S., and it then becomes a due, for non-payment of which the password may be withheld. Or he may be tried for contempt in not paying the fine immediately, and suspended or expelled as the case may require. — G. W. C. T. White, Vt., 5th s., 7. 43. In making quarterly returns to Grand Lodge, the S. should report and return dues for all members of his Lodge who have not been suspended, though they may be in arrears. — Iowa, 8th s., 8. Pa., 12th s., 34. Members are regarded by the G. L. as in good standing, until by legal process they appear as sus- pended members. 44. And Lodges should pay dues to the Grand Lodge on all who are members at the time of making their re- turns, without reference to the time of their admission. — Ibid. 45. Where certain members are suspended for non-pay- ment of dues at last meeting of the quarter, a committee 192 FEES AND DUES. appointed to see tliem, and at the first meeting of next quarter it is reported that two of them had paid all arrearages of dues, the members having so paid should be returned as in good standing to G. Lodo:e. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 45. 46. Lodges organized prior to last half of quarter, shall pay full per capita, but when organized in last half of quarter, one-half of said assessment. — 111., 1856. 47. There is no G. L. tax for initiation or conferring of Degrees to charter members, that join at time of the institution of the Lodge.— R. W. G. L., 8th s., 6. 48. The per capita tax may be paid from the Treasury, or may be assessed directly upon the members, at the option of the Lodge. — Conn., 2d s., 24. 49. A Subordinate Lodge cannot withhold from the Grand Lodge the per. capita assessment on members ex- pelled after the close of the quarter, but before the instal- lation of officers. The quarter closes on the night of election (last meeting in the quarter), and all transactions after that time are in the new quarter. — Temp. Of!'., vol. 2, No. 18. 50. A Subordinate Lodge has no legal right to levy a tax upon its members in addition to that of quarterly dues.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 57. As the Subordinate Lodge derives its existence and Constitution from the Grand Lodge, and where the Un. Code is used, such Lodges received their organic law from the R. W. G. L., the right of tax- ation must be conferred by express letter in the organic law. In our Uniform Constitution the only expressed mode of raising money, is by initiation fees and dues, and by implication, as a result of punishment, fine. Of course any Lodge can raise money by voluntary subscription. FEES AND DUES. 193 Again, prudential reasons require such a con- struction of the right of taxation. Among so many Subordinate Lodges, with such varied tastes, with the right of taxation unlimited, every imaginable enterprise, many of questionable propriety, both promotive and destructive of the interests of tem- perance, would be entered into. The above decision has been found necessary in my administration. In my experience we have had Lodges seek to tax members to defray the expense of a so called " snap and catch ^em party, and another of a Platform Dance in the open air. This shows that were the door of taxation once opened, while it might some- times be a convenience and prove of value, it could not be closed upon the many plans and schemes that would be devised, destructive of the best interests of our order. 51. It is not a misdemeanor for any member of a Sub- ordinate Lodge to refuse to pay a tax levied by the Lodge, as no tax can lawfully be thus levied. — G. W. C. T. Tower, Conn., 3d s., 11. 52. No Lodge has a right to refuse to forward its quarterly per ca'piia tax to the Grand Lodge, and having paid over such tax into the hands of its L. D., it has no further control over it, and it is the duty of the L. D. to forward it at once to the G. Secretary, whatever may be the action of the Lodge. — Ibid. 53. It is lawful to appropriate funds of a Subordinate Lodge to purchase premium for procuring subscribers for a temperance paper. — Wis., 11th s., 22. 13 194 FINANCIAL SECRETARY. | Financial Secretary. | 1. The F. S. should pay over money coming into his pos-l session, taking a receipt therefor, to whomever the W. C. T. appoints to fill the office pro tern, in the absence of the Treasurer. This course relieves the F. S. from responsi- bility in the matter. — Tiie Messenger, C. W., 1867. 2. The F. S. ought to furnish a list of delinquents for dues at the end of each term, showing the amount of their indebtedness, when they should be notified to pay up, — which, failing to do, then they can be dealt with according to law. — Ibid. 3. Whereas, A large number of desertions from our Order is found to proceed from suspensions and expulsions, caused by non-payment of dues, and it seems the part of wisdom that this body recommend some definite plan of action as a remedy for the evil ; therefore, Resolved^ That this R. W. Grand Lodge recommend to all Subordinate Lodges the election of such persons to the office of F. S. as shall be fully competent to perform the duties of that office ; and, if necessary, that compensation be allowed sufficient to insure efforts for the collection of these dues, with as much fidelity to the interests of the Lodge as the faithful business man bestows on his own personal interests. — R. W. G. L., 11th s., 67. 4. In addition to the above resolution, each Grand Lodge is instructed to provide, by direct legislation, that F. S. in Subordinate Lodges be required to present the accounts of members in arrears for collection regularly each quarter, before another quarter's dues shall have ac- crued. — Ibid. 5. All moneys due the Lodge, from whatever source, should be paid to the F. S. The rule requiring the F. S. to "announce the receipts of the evening," demands that the amount of these receipts shall be entered on the Lodge records. At the close of the quarter the aggregate of these receipts should agree with the amounts reported by the F. S. and Treasurer.— R. W. G. T. Orne, 14th s., 9. FINANCIAL SECRETARY. 195 6. When a collection is taken up by a vote in the Lodge room for the purpose of defraying some incidental ex- penses connected with the Lodge room, it is necessary for such funds to pass through the hands of the F. S. before they can be used for the object desired. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th e., 58. 7. Where it is alleged by one in arrears for dues that more payments have been made than appear upon the books of the F. S., evidence of any reliable character may be received in proof of such payment, and if satisfactory to the Lodge, it may by vote order the member credited on the F. S. books with the amount so proven to have been paid.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. 8. Moneys paid to the F. S. of a Subordinate Lodge for degrees should not be handed over to the Treasurer until the ballot has been had in Degree meeting. — Cal., 7th s., 30. 9. The F. S. should keep the roll of officers.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 16. 10. Q. Is there any provision made requiring officers to report e., F. S. A, The Constitution requires officers to report. The F. S. must report, and if he does not, the Lodge may pun- ish in any way it deems advisable. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 43. 11. The F. S. in calling roll of officers has no right to omit the appointed officers. — Id., 44. 12. The Treasurer cannot be on the Finance Commit- tee. — Id., 45. 13. Under Sec. 5 of Art. V. of By-Laws of Subordinate Lodges, it is the duty of the new F. S. to notify members in arrears one full term. — Id., 46. 14. The old Finance Committee audits the F. S. and Treasurer's reports, if the audit is completed before the new committee is appointed : otherwise the new. — Id., 19th 8., 59. 196 GRAND LODGES. Gavel. 1. The raps of the Gavel for controlling the movements of members are the same in all the degrees. — E. W. G. L., 13th s., 87. 2. It is the practice in most Lodges for the W. C. T. to Bound the Gavel as he passes from one order of business to another ; but there is no law that would compel him to do so. — Iowa, 14th s., 7. 3. The Gavel sounds but once in seating a Lodge. — Ibid. 4. It would be a violation of obligation, and highly im- proper, for a member to use outside of the Lodge, the Gavel and the significance of the raps." — G. W. C. T. Russell, Mich., 13th s., 20. 5. The raps used to call up and seat our Lodges cannot be used at a public Good Templars' meeting. — R. W. G. L., 18th s., 1055. Grand Lodges. 1. All sessions of Grand Lodges shall open and close with prayer. — R. W. G. L. By-Laws, Art. 17. 2. The Constitution of a Grand Lodge must at once, upon its adoption, be forwarded to the R. W. Grand Lodge for its approval, and unless it receive such approval (or if during the recess the approval of the R. W. G. T.), such Constitution is not law.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 6th s., 10. 3. But a Grand Lodge has the right to exercise its full powers as a Grand Lodge immediately upon the comple- tion of its organization, and before its Constitution and By-Laws have been submitted to the R. W. G. L. for ap- proval.— R. W. G. T. Hastings, 13th s., 9. 4. According to Art. V., Sec. 5, of Subordinate Lodge Constitution, it is incompetent for a Grand or Subordinate Lodge to change the terms of office from three to six GEAND LODGES. 197 months.— K. W. G. T. Chase, 6th s., 10. K. W. G. T. Knssell, 18th s., 983. 5. The fact that a Grand Lodge officer changes his inembersliip from one Subordinate Lodge to another, within the same jurisdiction, does not affect his position as such Grand Lodge officer; nor would it be affected should his Subordinate Lodge surrender its charter or have its charter taken aw^y, provided he took the proper steps to connect himself immediately with some other Lodge. — Ibid. 6. But he cannot remove beyond the jurisdiction of his Grand Lodge and retain his office. — K. W. G. L., 14th s., 90. 7. A member of a Grand Lodge in one State removing to another, and retaining his connection with the Order, has the right to visit the Grand Lodge of the State to which he removes, provided he can work his way in, or can prove himself qualified to remain, by having in his possession the proper pass-words, etc., if in the room before the Lodge opens ; but he has no rights as a member un- less representing a Lodge within the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge.— R. W. G. T. Hastings, 14th s., 12. 8. Brother A was regularly admitted to the Grand Lodge of A, and during such membership served as an officer of said Grand Lodge and as its representative in the R. W. Grand Lodge ; subsequently he removed to the State of B, and took a clearance card from the Lodge to which he belonged, and was admitted on said card to membership in a Subordinate Lodge near his new resi- dence: does he thereby lose his membership in the Grand Lodge where he formerly had office ? and if so, what forms are necessary to secure his membership in the Grand Lodge having jurisdiction over the Lodge he has joined by card, and the retention of such honors as he may have acquired in the Grand Lodge to which he formerly be- longed ? He loses his membership in the Grand Lodge in which he formerly held office. To provide for the requirements 198 GRAND LODGES. of the cape herein considered, and others of a similar character that are likely to follow in our practice, the fol- lowing is added as supplementary to the decision of R. W. G. T. Hastings (ante, Sec. 7). If, however, he shall present a certificate signed by the G. W. C. T. and G. W. S. of the Grand T.odge from which he has removed, certifying to his standing in said Grand Lodge at the time of his removal, and also a certificate signed by the W. C. T. and W. S. of the Subordinate Lodge in which he has secured membership by card, cer- tifying to that fact, such papers shall be entertained as propositions or credentials for membership ; and if such proposition be accepted by a majority vote of such Grand Lodge, he shall be declared a member thereof, and shall be authorized to exercise the right and privilege of a Past Representative in such Grand Lodge to which he formerly belonged.— R. W. G. T. Orne, 815. 9. Ordinarily the Grand Lodge oflacers have no authori- ty to call the Grand Lodge together at its annual session at a place different from the one fixed by the Lodge itself, although I can conceive of circumstances where they would be justified in doing so. They must be judges of the facts in the case, but the change should not be made unless the circumstances are such as to make the necessity clear and apparent to all. — R. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s., 10. 10. Under Art. XL, Sec. 1, Grand Lodge Constitution, the officers having power to call a special session of the Grand Lodge have also power to determine when and where mch special session shall be held. — G. W. C, T. Chase, 17th s., 54. 11. Under the same section, giving ten members, repre- senting at least seven Lodges, the power to call a special session, the officers cannot use their discretion, but must call the session ; and in such case, if the application of such members name the time and pZace, such special session must be called at such time and place^ provided the time is sufficient to give the Subordinate Lodges proper notice ; GRAND LODGES. 199 otherwise the G. W. C. T. could extend the time so as to leave sufficient margin for notice. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1871. If this section was differently construed^ the G. W. C. T. and G. S. might thwart the very purpose for which the session was called. For instance, members might eall the session for the purpose of compelling the G. W. 0. T. to desist from some course of action which they deemed destructive of the best interests of the Order, and the G. W. C. T. fix the day beyond the time when his plans would culminate, or name a place where he could gather about him influences that would resist all efforts for a fair and full investigation. 12. *' If a ppecial session of Grand Lodge is called, are Subordinate Lodges which have been instituted since the regular session, entitled to send representatives to it A. They are ; and at least ten days' notice should be given them, that they may elect representatives, and pre- pare for the session.— K. W. G. T. Eussel, 18th s., 983. 13. It is not allowable for a Grand Lodge to adopt a resolution to meet biennially, inasmuch as Article 2 of Grand Lodge Constitution enjoins an annual session. — R. W. G. T. Russel, 18th s., 983. 14. Suppose a Grand Lodge holds a session in the after- noon, and a resolution is offered as follows : Resolved, That A. B., District Deputy, did in violation of all the laws of our Order take the Charter of Lodge No. 11. Resolved, That the G. L. advise the G. W. C. T. to cancel the commission of said Deputy. A committee appointed ; after investigation report the first resolution sustained, and recommend the adoption of the second. After debate, the first was adopted by G. L., and before the second is disposed of the G. L. adjourns until evening. 200 GRAND LODGES. Q. When the G. L. opens in the evening but few of the Representatives are present, and while the majority is thus absent, and also the mover and seconder of the reso- lution, a motion is made to expunge it from the journal, notwithstanding the first resolution was adopted. Had the G. L. the right to expunge this whole matter from the journal without the consent of the mover and seconder, and without reconsidering the vote which adopted the first resolution? A. The resolution and proceedings under it could only be expunged by the unanimous consent of the G. L. ; and when the motion is put to expunge, the Chair should state distinctly that it requires the unanimous cmsent of all the members. It is the business of all Rep- resentatives or Delegates to be present during session hours, and if absent, such absentees must run the risk of having business transacted in which they are interested, and which would have been diflferent if they were present. It is not the duty of the G. L. to wait for the Delegates to come in after the hour of meeting has arrived and a quorum is present. Caveat Delegatus, is the maxim in de- liberative bodies.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa. 16th s., 22. 15. Any Grand Lodge failing, for two years, to make returns as prescribed by the Constitution of the R. W. G. Lodge, shall be deemed and declared an extinct Grand Lodge.— R. W. G. L. 8th s., 21. 16. Sec. 2, Art. 3, of Grand Lodge Constitution provides that the regular election of officers shall be on the second day of the session. At the last annual session of the Grand Lodge of the District of Columbia the Grand Lodge Officers were elected on the first day ; was such elec- tion valid ? Yes. The Grand Lodge of the District of Columbia has two cities, and less than ten Subordinate Lodges within its jurisdiction, and these Lodges are all located in the City of Washington. The business of the body does not often require even one day for its transaction, and in such case it is held that there is no violation of the spirit of the GRAND LODGES. 201 law, if the business of the body should all be transacted in the same day— R. W. G. T. Orne, 817. 17. Where appropriations of money have been made, paid, and afterward sustained by a G. Lodge, the K. W. &. Lodge will not interfere on appeal. — R. W. G. L., 18th 6., 1048. 18. A Grand Lodge is the only judge of the qualitica- tion of its own members. — Ibid. 19. "Are past and acting W. C. Ts., W. V. Ts. and Deputies, who take the G. L. Degree, eligible to offer mo- tions and debate in Grand Lodge ; are they entitled to vote in Grand Lodge, except when the yeas and nays are called, or in the election of officers ?" A, Sec. 6, Art. 1, of G. L. Constitution, declares that they shall have all the privileges of membership in Grand Lodgej except voting. They may, therefore, do whatever the regular members may of right do, only they may not vote on any question. But as Sec. 8, Art. 1, defines the class of members of a Grand Lodge who shall be permitted to take part in the proceedings and debates of the Grand Lodge, and as the R. W. G. Lodge has already decided, on page 956 of its Journal, that only members of a Grand Lodge, under Sec. 3 of Art. 1, are eligible to hold office in a Grand Lodge, it is decided that the members receiving the G. L. degree, under Sec. 6, are entitled to all privileges of members, except voting, eligibility to office, and taking part in the proceedings and debates of the Grand Lodge. —R. W. G. L., 18th s., 1046. 20. Grand Lodges are hereby enjoined to purchase no supplies except from the R. W. G. Lodge, through its R. W. G. Secretary, and that Subordinate Lodges be required to obtain from tlieir respective G. W. Secretaries ot iheir Grand Lodges, such supplies as they may need from time to time. The word "Supplies" shall be construed to mean 202 GKAND LODGES. Charters, Rituals, Degree Books, Odes now in use, Offi* cers' Cards, Clearance and Visiting Cards. The R. W. G. S. is reqnired to report at each annual E»efision of tlie R. W. G. L. those Grand Lodges who re- fuse to comply with these requirements. — K. W. G. L., 8th s., 18. 21. If any G. L. or its officers shall purchase supplies, designated as such by the laws of this body (ante 20), of any other person than the R. W. G. S., then that officer, with the advice and consent of the R. W. G. T., may with- hold the Q. P. W. from such (Jr. L. until our laws are faithfully observed. And if a Subordinate Lodge shall purchase such supplies from any other source than the G. S. of such G. L., it shall be a cause for revoking the Charter of such Subordinate Lodge. — R. W. G. L., 852. 22. When a Grand Officer visits a Subordinate Lodge in his official capacity, he is required to announce him- self at the inner door, that he maybe officially announced by such Lodge ; and failing to do this, he is not entitled to any official recognition as a right, other than tiiat which courtesy requires should be extended to any visiting mem- ber.— P. R. W. G. T. Chase, 1868. 23. "Can a Grand Lodge, under the Uniform Consti- tution, suspend or expel one of its members from the Sub- ordinate Lodge?" A. No; the power of "expulsion" spoken of in Art. 3, sec. 4, of Grand Lodge Constitution, relates only to membership in the Grand Lodge, and original jurisdic- tion over membership in the Order belongs exclusively to the Subordinate Lodge.— R. W. G. L., 18th s., 984. 24. " Is it possible for a Grand Lodge to pass a vote which shall in any way affisct a person's relation to the Order after he has ceased to be a member by reason of the demise of his Lodge; in other words, does not the sur- render or forfeiture of charter leave the individual mem- bers free to rejoin the Order in the usual form ?" A. All who are in good standing in a Subordinate Lodge at the time of surrendering its charter are at lib- GRAND LODGES. 203 erty to either rejoin the Order as though they had never before been members, or on certificates received from the Grand Secretary ; and the only remaining power which a Grand Lodge, or its officers, has over such persons is to refuse to grant them certificates. — Id. 25. The action of the R. W. G. Lodge, at its late ses- sion, relating to Lodges of our Order among the colored population of the Southern States, gives to all Grand Lodges now existing, or hereafter to be organized, full power over that question within their respective jurisdic- tions, even to the discontinuing of Subordinate Lodge charters previously granted by this R. W. G. Lodge, pro- vided the same be done, for cause, in accordance with the Constitution of the R. W. G. Lodge.— R. W. G. L., 19th 8., 15. 26. Is it constitutional to try a member of the Grand Lodge without a charge having been preferred against him? Ans. In the Subordinate Lodge Constitution, it is pointed out clearly what course shall there be taken on a charge being made, but in the G. L. Constitution it is not. Any investigation in the Grand Lodge does not affect the status of the member in his Subordinate Lodge. He is a Good Templar entitled to all the honors he has received in Sub. Lodge, and before his status can be affected there, you must proceed according to the Constitution. No in- vestigation made in the Grand Lodge can affect any brother any further than his relation to the Grand Lodge. If he be an officer, you can suspend him from performing his functions as an officer, and there ends the effect of that action. If he be expelled from Subordinate Lodge, that aAion expels him from the Grand Lodge. You must try him in Subordinate Lodge. The investigation now pro- posed is proper upon the report of the Committee thai has been made. It is not trying the G. W. S. as a Good Templar, it is only investigating his conduct as an officer of this Grand Lodge— P. R. W. G. T. Chase, G. L. Scotland, 174. 204 GRAND WORTHY CHIEF TEMPLARS, Grand Worthy Chief Templars. 1. The decision of a G. W. C. T. stands as the law of his Grand Lodge, unless an appeal be taken, then the decision of the G. L. is the rule of action. — R. W. G. L., 1st s., 301. 2. The decisions of the D. G. W. C. T. are law, in the absence of the G. W. C. T. Questions should first be sub- mitted to the former, and if his decisions are not satisfac- tory, then the latter.— E. W. G. T. Chase. 3. The official decisions rendered by a G. W. C. T. should all be reported to his Grand Lodge, and they are binding within the jurisdiction of his G. L., unless re- versed by the G. L., or they conflict with the Constitution, with previous decisions given or approved by the G. L., or with decisions rendered by the E. W. G. T. or the E. W. G. Lodge.— E. W. G. T. Hastings, 14th s., 11. 4. A G. W. C. T. can make decisions on questions of law and usage that will be authoritative within his juris- diction, without such decisions coming to him in the way of appeal ; but it should always be done with great caution. —Ibid. 0. Has the G. W. C. T. any authority under our Uniform Constitution to notice and decide appeals from decisions of G. Secretary in regard to matters pertaining purelv to the office of G. Secretary? Ans. Yes.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 6. A G. W. C. T., as a matter of course, outranks all his Deputies, and can, if he is so disposed, perform in person any duties that he has authorized others, by gene- ral commiwssion, to perform for him. — E. W. G. T. Hast- ings, 13th s., 8. 7. A G. W. C. T. has no right to demand the Chair of a Subordinate Lodge, when the Lodge is in good stand- ing, and is working properly. — Ibid. 8. But he or his Deputy may, when said Lodge i» GKAI^D WORTHY CHIEF TEMPLARS. 205 working unconstitutionally. — Can., vol. 8. 8. Good of the Order/' chap. xiv. 9. A G. W. C. T., under Sec. 1 of Art. 4, of the G. L. Constitution, has the right to temporarily suspend a W. C. T. for disorderly conduct and appoint some competent brother or sister to take charge of the Lodge. — Pa., 18th 8., 39. 10. The G. W. Counsellor, or any other officer legally presiding at a session of a Grand Lodge, while thus pre- siding is invested with all the powers that belong to the G. W. C. T. as presiding officer, but no further, provided the G. W. C. T. is accessible, so that he can perform in person the other duties of his position. Any question that comes up in the regular order of business the presiding officer, whoever he may be, can decide, and if not appealed from, his decision is as binding as though given by the G. W. C. T. in person. — Ibid. 11. If a G. W. C. T. on appeal from the action of a Subordinate Lodge, restores a brother to membership, the action of the G. W. C. T. stands, until reversed by com- petent authority. — Ibid., 12. 12. Is a G. W. Counsellor, or Chaplain, competent, by virtue of such office, to organize Lodges, as well as to install officers, and confer degrees? Can a G. W. Counsellor be commissioned as a District Deputy, under the jurisdiction of the G. L. of which he is an officer? A, A Grand Lodge has the power to settle both of the above questions by a constitutional provision, by By-Law, or by resolution ; but in the event no special action has been taken upon the subject by the G. L. the whole matter of organizing Lodges, installing officers, and conferring degrees, is under the control of the G. W. C. T., and he can commission as his deputies whoever, in his judgment, he sees proper, subject only to such restrictions as the G. L. may have made. While none of these powers are conferred upon any other officer of the G. L., by virtue of his office, the G. W. C. T. can commission the G. W. 206 GRAND WORTHY CHIEF TEMPLARS. CounF5el]or, Chaplain, Secretary, or any other officer, an his Deputy for a District, or for a Lodge. — K. W. G. T. Hastings, 13th s. 13. The G. W. C. T. is competent to decide whether an application for a charter of a second Lodge, in the same locality, should be granted, but he would have no authority to grant a charter to expelled members, until by the lapse of the requisite time they would be authorized again to unite with the Order. 14. It is not allowable for the decisions of the G. W. C. T. to be a subject for discussion in a Lodge or District Convention, as to their legality or correctness. — Pa., 13th P., 42. 15. The G. W. C. T. alone has power to grant dispen- eations for public installations. — 111., 1862. 16. And they are not proper or legal unless held under the special dispensation of that officer. — Ibid., 15th s., 1860. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1871. 17. What is the meaning of a Dispensation, as used in our Order ? It is a power conferred by law on the G. W. C. T., or his Deputy, to suspend for the time being the action of some law, rule, or regulation. We know of but two instances in which this can be done — to initiate can- didates the night they are proposed, and to confer degrees in a less time than prescribed by law " when the interests of the Order will be promoted thereby." We sometimes see notices of dispensations being granted ^ for public installation of officers. We are not aware of any authority for this. Any one who will refer to the proceedings of the Grand Lodge of New York, then act- ing as the Supreme Head of the Order, held at Corning, December, 1854, will find the question authoritatively settled. A resolution was offered allowing Lodges to hold public installations when deemed expedient. The resolu- tion was fully discussed and adopted, and is still in force. — G. T., vol. 8, No. 2. The conclusion of this article is erroneous. It is GKAND WORTHY CHIEF TEMPLARS. 207 true, such a resolution was passed at Corning, N. Y., in 1854, the Grand Lodge of that State then acting as the Supreme Head of the Order, but the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, two years afterward, passed the resolution already given, giving G. W. C. T/s power to grant dispensations for public installations. At this session were many who attended at Corn- ing, and the danger of allowing Subordinate Lodges to hold public installations as often as they pleased was fully discussed, and the tenor of che Corning resolution deprecated. The R,. W. G. T. is not aware of a single Grand Lodge in our Order which has acted upon that resolution, if any save Pennsylvania knew of its existence ; on the contrary, most have adopted a similar course of practice to that of Pennsylvania. Hence, as the Corning reso- lution was passed before the organization of the R. W. G. Lodge, and has not been acted upon so as to have custom to give it force and vitality, the R. W. G. Templar unhesitatingly pronounces it not law. 18. The G. W. C. T. cannot grant a dispensation to initiate a person that has been expelled before the expi- ration of six months.— G. W. C. T. Hawkins, Iowa, 14th 8., 7. 19. It is not right for a G. W. C. T. to perform his offi- cial duties by proxy ; of course an amanuensis or clerk raay be employed if he shall from any cause find such assistance necessary, p'o?;ided, that nothing in this decision shall be construed to prevent the discharge of any duty through a Commissioned Deputy. — R. W. G. L., 19th s., 15. 20. By the words " means necessary," etc., in Art. 4, Sec. 1, of G. L. Constitution, is intended salary, stationery, 208 GRAND WORTHY CHIEF TEMPLARS, office rent, traveling expenses, and whatever in the judg- ment of tlie Grand Lodge is necessary to enable the G. W. C. T. to discharge the duties of his office efficiently. — R. W. G. T. Russell, 19th s., 15. 21. Is it right for a G. W. C. T. to revoke any District ' or Lodge Deputy's comvnission, and then refuse to give ■ Baid Deputy the reason when asked ? A, Yes. The G. W. C. T. having full control over the appointment of his Deputies may revoke at his pleasure, with or without giving reasons therefor. — R. W. G. L., 19th s., 96. 22. A G.W. C. T. has the right to issue a commission to a second party of the same Lodge, making him Deputy, as this action Avould annul the first commission issued.- G. W. 0. T. Dillingham, N. H., 35. 23. The G. W. C. T. can and should sustain his Deputy in all decisions which are based upon law and justice.- Ibid. 24. An appeal cannot be taken from the W. C. T. to a Subordinate Lodge on any constitutional question. — Wis., 3d s., 23. But should be t^iken to the D. G. W. C. T. 25. iThe G. W. C. T. should refer back the action of a Subordinate Lodge for informality. — Wis., 6th s., 22. 26. Can a G. W. C. T., at the close of his official term, be elected to any other office, or must he of necessity fill the chair of P. G. W. C. T. during the ensuing year, unless re-elected G. W. C. T. ? He can. The elective Grand officers become the Executive Committee for the ensuing year, in accordance with a pro- vision of the G. L. Constitution, and this decision will therefore permit the Grand Lodge to retain the services of an experienced member^ in a most important position, when perhaps he could not be induced to again accept the responsible and exacting duties of Chief Executive Officer. — R. W. G. T. Orne, 899. GRAND WORTHY CHIEF TEMPLARS. 209 27. Is the brother wlio acted as P. G. W. C, T. by appoinir mmt during the first term of the Grand Lodge, to be rec- ognized as the senior P. G. W. C. T. ? No. The senior P. G. W. C. T. is the member who served as G. W. C. T. the first official term. — Ibid. 28. When the office of G. W. C. T. becomes vacant under Art. 4, Sec. 2, of G. L. Constitution (ante 32), the G. W. C. assuming the duties becomes G. W. C. T., and is entitled to all its honors and privileges. — R. W. G. L., 786. 29. If the G. W. C. T. of one year should be re-elected, and installed in the same office for another year, or should be elected and installed in any other office, by virtue of which he holds a seat in Executive Committee, who is the Junior P. G. W. C. T. for the year ensuing, or who will be entitled to perform the duties of the P. G. W. C. T. in the Executive Committee or otherwise during the same year — the brother who, during the year just ended, has filled the office of G. W. C. T., or the brother who has filled the post of Junior P. G. W. C. T.? The brother who has filled the post of Junior P. G. W. C— R. W. G. T. Orne, 815. 30. In Mo. the G. W. C. originated an ostensible tem- perance order, which allowed the use of wine and cider, plagiarized our entire ritual, merely changing the obliga- tion, and had one thousand copies printed for use of the new Order, called True Templars. Charges were preferred aofainst the G. W. C. which were pending before the Executive Committee. The G. W. C. T. being obliged to leave the State, resigned his office, and designated as his successor the G. W. V. T., Sister J. J. Drew. The question being asked P. R. W. G. T. Chase whether the Executive (/ommittee did right in acknowledging Sister Drew as G. W. C. T., he replied thus :— It did, irrespective of the merits of the decision. The G. W. C. T. is authorized to make decisions and to provide for the general prosperity of the Order ; and in the event of 14 210 GUARDS. the alleged criminality or disqualification of an otherwise constitutional successor (he having in contemplation a resignation), his decision and acts in reference to such successorship are just as binding as those referring to other questions. But in this case the G. W. C. T.^s deci- sion is correct on its merits, and should be sustained by the G. L. In all ordinary cases of violation of the obli- gation, which only jlffects the offending member, and brings discredit upon the Order without imperiling its existence, the accused is presumed to be innocent until found guilty, and, if an officer, enjoys his rights and may continue to discharge his official duties. But in the case at hand the offender is the second officer in the G. L., and, as such, an especial custodian of its interests, and strongly obligated to cherish and defend the Order. J^^r one oc- cupying such a responsible position to set up another organization, antagonistic to ours and the cause, and to steal our Ritual for that purpose, is not unlike the Vice- President of our nation stealing our money and munitions of war to set up a municipality hostile to our Government; and as treason of this kind would be summarily dealt with in our Vice-President, so should it in the G. W. C. of a G. L. Guards. 1. The S. being absent at the opening of the Lodge, but coming soon after, must he, before entering upon the duties of his office, work into the Lodge, thereby proving himself in possession of the quarterly pass-word and ex- planation, or can he take his place without the knowledge of the W. V. T., on being proved in the pass-word and explanation ? A, He should first enter the Lodge in regular form, and then go to his post of duty.— G. W. C. T., Mich., 1866. 2. But after the opening, and he has once entered regu- larly, when duty does not require him in the ante-room, GUARDS. 211 he can enter without any ceremony. — G. W. C. T. Giles, Wis., 1866. 3. The S. can always take a seat inside, near enough to the door to hear alarms, after the Lodge is open for busi- ness.— Mich., 7th s., 12. Ind., 17th s., 35. 4. The Guards ought to remain on duty during a tem- porary recess of a Subordinate Lodge. — Iowa, 7th s., 32. N. H., 1866. 5. They need not; but after the Lodge is called to order* the W. C. T. must direct an examination before proceeding to business. — 111., 11th s., 10. 6. Can a member be admitted to Lodge room during recess, or permitted to retire ? A. Yes, and if the Guards are not on duty, then the W. C. T. must order an examination when Lodge is called to order.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 43. 7. The S. has a right and should demand the P. W. from EVERY person entering the Lodge room during recess. — G. W. C. T. Potter, N. J., 4th s., 8. 8. Guards should never leave their posts during Lodge hours without permission from W. V. T. 9. It is very improper and not admissible for Guards to admit children six years of age, with their parents. — Iowa, 8th 8., 9. 10. The S. cannot admit members to the ante-room without the P. W., unless he have permission from the W. C. T. When a member presents himself to the outer gate, without the P. W., it is the duty of the S. to present ihe fact via the G. to the W. C. T., who will inquire of the F. S. if the brother is clear of the books, and if not, he could not strictly be permitted to enter ; yet the W. C. T. might permit him, for the purpose of informing him of the non-payment of his dues, but should not admit him afterward, until his dues were paid. The object of this rule is to make members prompt in the payment of kheir dues. — Micht, 6th s., 14. 212 INITIATION. Honors. 1. To be out of actual membership in any Lodge more than a year is to lose all previous honors. — G. W. C. T. Ward, N. Y., 8th s., 12. 2. A member admitted by card retains all the honors held when the card was granted ; but a member initiated retains no honors acquired in any previous membership. -Id., 11. 3. Official honors acquired in one Lodge are transferable with membership to any other Lodge of the Order. — R. W. G. L., 19th s., 1085. 4. Honors acquired in one Lodge follow one wherever he may go, so long as he remains a member of the Order; thus, a member having been P. W. C. T. in the State of New York, in 1856, is entitled to a seat in the G. L. of Wis., in 1858, he still being a member of the Order in good standing. — Wis., 2d a. s., 5. Ind., 7th s., 9. 5. And a member having served in a subordinate oflfice in Lodge A, and removing his membership by card to Lodge B, is eligible to the office of W. C. T. in Lodge B. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 18. Initiation. 1. A candidate who has been elected at a regular meet- ing, can be initiated at a special meeting. — G. W. C. T. Clark, Iowa, 9th s., 6. R. W. G. T. Chase. P. G. W. C. T. Switzler, of Missouri, has decided " that members may be balloted for, elected and initiated at a special meeting, on a dispensation from the G. W. C. T., or his Deputy, for that purpose but no dispensation even is necessary, for unless the Constitution provides that initiations must take place at a regular meeting, and I have met no such, a INITIATION. 213 Lodge may at any time order a special meeting for the purpose of the initiation of candidates. 2. It is not usual to admit members during the initia- tory ceremonies, yet the W. V. T. has the discretion to do it at such passages as will not cause interruption. — Pa., 6th g., 5. 3. It is not proper for the candidate to kneel while tak- ing the obligation of the Subordinate Lodge. — Iowa, 7th e., 25. 4. It is not proper to initiate a candidate who is at the time drunk. — Wis., 6th s., 8. 5. Persons not members of the Order cannot remain in the ante-room during initiation. — Cal., 6th s., 23. 6. It is a violation of the rules and usages of our Order to administer the pledge contained in our Ritual publicly. —Cal., 6th s., 33. 7. The obligation of our Order can only be given in the Lodge, and in regular course of initiation. Those wishing to give their name and influence to the Temper- ance cause, can sign the pledge and carry on what is called the " Old Temperance Society," and for the accom- modation of such persons who consent to join the Order, every Lodge should keep a pledge book. The obligation of the Order, however, cannot be administered outside of the Lodge, though the pledge can ; yet it does not make those to whom it is administered members of the Order. — Messenger, Can., 1867. 8. In the organization of a new Lodge, when the insti- tuting officers have little or no assistance, or when the place and circumstances are not adapted to our ceremo- nies, the charter members may be initiated by merely asking the preliminary questions and administering the obligation ; and such initiates shall be as fully entitled to all the privileges of membership as though initiated with all our ceremonies. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 54. 214 INITIATION. 9i A Cliapliiin having conscientious scmples against • ipinji:; forms of praver, may make an extempore iniiiatoiy pr.iyer.— R. W. G.'L., 19th s., 100. 10. A Lodge cannot obligate a candidate, and on next meeting finjsh the ceremony. — Can., vol. 23, 74. 11. At a regular meeting of a Lodge six candidates had traveled the circuit of the Lodge, received closing instruc- tions from the W. C. T., and the members were in the act of forming our circle of unity, when it was announced that another candidate was waiting in the ante-room. It was proposed to admit him by obligation. I decided it unconstitutional. The W. C. T. then arose and appealed from the decision, and moved to admit the candidate. The motion prevailed ; the candidate was admitted, obli- gated, and took his seat as a member, all charges and in- structions being omitted. Is that person rightfully a mem- ber of our Order, or was the action of the Lodge right? A. The action of the Lodge was wrong, and must not be repeated. The member, however, is a legal member of the Lodge, as he is not to suffer by the wrong-doing of the Lodge.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 44. 12. A person who has once belonged to the Order, and who is conversant with the workings thereof, cannot be admitted by being obligated and signing the Constitution, without going through the whole of the initiatory cere- mony. — Cal., 13th s., 64. 13. If a Lodge, at the initiation of a candidate, so con- strues the pledge in the Subordinate Lodge, as to omit any words or passages of the same, it works a forfeiture of charter. — Ibid., 5th s., 17. 14. A candidate for initiation answered the second question of Ritual thus, " I will not use intoxicating liq- uors as long as I am a member of the Order." Was the initiation legal? A. No, it was not, and the Lodge was more to blame than the candidate for the illegal act. — R. VV. G. T. Russell, 19th s., 16. 15. A candidate thus answering cannot be initiated, and \ INITIATION. . 215 I the Lodge doing so forfeits its charter.— G. W. C. T. Chase, I Pa., 1868. I 16. No member has a right to correct the W. C. T. in the unwritten work of the Order during the initiatory ceremony. — Can., vol. 23, 74. 17. Is it advisable to have intermission just after initia- tion? A, The Ritual seems to contemplate something of the kind where it says *' congratulation," and it gives i^iem- bers an opportunity of becoming acquainted with each other. — Iowa, 8th s., 37. 18. No officer under charge for violation can officiate at initiations while the charges are pending. — O., 14th s., 29. 19. A resolution was passed by a certain Lodge, that initiations would be dispensed with every alternate Lodge night, until repealed. On an evening in which, by this resolution, there should have been no initiations, the Lodge proceeded to initiate a candidate. Decided, that the Lodge erred in passing the resolution, as it was unconstitutional, but if the candidate was legally proposed and properly initiated, he is a legal member of the Lodge. — Iowa, 9th s., 24. 20. A Subordinate Lodge has no power to order that the initiation ceremony shall take place only once a month, or at stated times at longer intervals than of one week, but shguld open this order of business at each meeting. — Pa., 13th 8., 33. Iowa, 13th s., 24. 21. Nor have a by-law to have the initiation only once a month.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 44. 22. Lawfully elected candidates are entitled to initia- tion at any regular meeting of the Lodge, and should be initiated if they apply. — Conn., 3d s., 11. G. W. C. T. White, of Vt. (5th s., 7), has de- cided that Lodges may pass resolutions doing awaj with initiations on alternate evenings. Great Bend Lodge, No. 4, Pa., gains the partial results of such 216 INITIATION. a resolution, and still saves the principle of the above decisions in Pa., Iowa, and Conn. It has a resolution substantially this : " That each alternate meeting shall be initiation meeting/^ the effect of which is that candidates very seldom appear at any other time ; but when they do, they are initiated. 23. A candidate raay be proposed ; Committee of Investigation appointed; the Committee report; report received; the candidate is elected and initiated, the same evening a proposition is handed in. — Iowa, vol. 2, 11, 19th s., 33. But this can only be done in accordance to the Constitution in rare cases, when the Order would lose by waiting the usual time, and when the cha- racter of the applicant is beyond all question irre- proachable, upon a dispensation of the G. W. C. T. or his Deputy, upon the request of two-thirds of the members of the Lodge present. Or in the absence of the Gr. W. C. T. and Deputy, by unanimous con- sent of the Lodge. Whether this is a constitutional provision in Iowa or not, we are not aware, but in all cases of initiation on the same evening, at least two-thirds of the. mem- bers present should request a dispensation for that purpose ) and this is required by the Uniform Con- stitution, now law in a large majority of Gr. Lodges. 24. And it is always necessary to take a vote of the Lodge.— Mich., 9th s., 8. 25. But if initiated without a dispensation, he is a legal member, as the Lodge is liable for its own blunders. — Iowa, 14th s., 29. 26. If a person is illegally elected, but initiated, is he INITIATION. 217 a member in good standing, or what must be done in the premises ? A, He is a member in good standing, and he is not to Buffer for the mistakes or illegal action of the Lodge. — G. T., vol. 5, 155. 27. If, however, he was 'privy to this illegal action of the Lodge, he is liable to charge for violation of obligation. — R. W. G. L., 18th s., 1049. 28. The initiation of a candidate elect can be stopped by a majority vote of the Lodge npon no better ground than that they do not think him fit, as it does not neces- sarily follow that because a candidate is elected he must be initiated ; but such arrest of his initiation must however be followed by investigation as soon as prac- ticable, and if no valid reasons are developed for a suspension of such initiation, it must proceed. — G. W. C. T.Chase, Pa., 16th s., 2L 29. Where a minority make objection to a candidate elect being initiated, and fail to carry a reconsideration of the ballot, the W. C. T. is not bound to delay such initia- tion ; and such minority have no recourse, wiien a majority vote cannot be obtained, except to appeal to higher au- thority, when the proceedings have been irregular or unconstitutional. — Id. 30. If a member violates his pledge, is expelled, has the D. G. W. C. T. any right to grant a dispensation to initiate said m-ember in less than six months, if it is the unanimous wish of the Lodge? In case of an initiation under such circumstances, is the initiation valid? A. Neither the D. G. W. C. T., the G. W.aT.,nor Grand Lodge,, have power to suspend or nullify a plain provision of the Constitution. The action was, therefore, illegal^ but the illegal action of the Lodge does not violate the initiation. The Lodge is supposed to act according to law ; if it acts otherwise, it is responsible to the Grand Lodge.. An innoeent candidate is not to suffer for the improper action of the Lodge. — G. T., vol. 6, 56. 218 INITIATION. 31. A G. W. C. T. has no right to grant a dispensation for the initiation of a rejected candidate when such rejec- tion is clearly from malice, and the rest of the membership of the Lodge unite in requesting such dispensation. — R. W. G. T: Orne, 15th s., 8. 32. A Lodge cannot initiate without charging the usual fee, but may by vote remit the amount so paid. — 111., 7th B., 32. 33. Nor until the fee is paid. — Iowa, 11th s., 40. 34. A young man was initiated into a Lodge witliont paying his initiation fee, has not paid it since, and is now tending bar in a hotel where liquor is sold. Is he a member of the Lodge ? A. Having been initiated, he is a member until he is tried and expelled. But the W. C. T. is guilty of a violation of his official obligation in initiating him without pavment of fee.— G. W. C. T. De Wolf, O., 15th s., 58. 35. If a brother of the Order, who proves himself a Good Templar, by the grip, word and token of a Good Templar, and has not broken his pledge, and has come from Canada to this State, and asks to come into the Order, and has been away from the Order three years, must he be initiated into the Order again, or can he come in as an Ancient Good Templar, he having no card? A, Without evidence from the G. W. S. of the Grand Lodge of Canada, showing him to be in good standing when he left, or other equivalent evidence, he must be initiated. — Mich., 6th s., 15. He must furnish the best evidence in his power, and satisfactory to the Lodge, that he was a member in good standing of such Lodge, when it ceased to exist. 36. It is not right to initiate persons living nearer another Lodge, without permission of such Lodge having been first obtained, except in a city or village having more than one Lodge.— 111., 1859. INITIATION. 219 37. If a person goes to a neighborhood where a Lodge is located, to remain a short time only, such Lodge can receive and initiate him, and if so, the person so initiated should procure from the Lodge into which he is initiated, a card, before he can join the Lodge in his own neigh- borhood, when he returns to it. — Iowa, 7th s., 32. 38. A brother who opposes the initiation of a candidate cannot appeal to the Grand Lodge, except in case the election or initiation has been illegally conducted, as this is a matter over which the Subordinate Lodge has absolute control. — Wis., 6th s., 40. 39. After a person applying for admission has been rejected, and such person with others in a neighboring place, petitions for a charter for a new Lodge, the Deputy organizing such Lodge should initiate him, the other charter members consenting thereto. — Ind., 5th s., 34. 40. Has Lodge No. 50 any right to initiate persons who were five years ago initiated into Lodge No. 1, and have not attended Lodge No. 1, except the first year, since that time, nor paid any dues, or considered themselves members of the Order, but were suspended according to the Constitution? Now, which Lodge do such persona belong to. No. 1 or No. 50 ? A. They are under the jurisdiction of No. 1, and No. 50 has no right to initiate them, until they procure a clearance card from No. 1. — K. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 15. 41. Suppose Lodge No. 1 expel a member, and fail to give notice to No. 50, as required, and that person is pro- {M»sed and initiated into Lodge No. 50, within three months^ is he a member of the Order ? A. Yes ; but is liable to be dealt with at once, and sub- ject to the same penalty as for any violation of his obli- gation. Lodges having received members under such circumstances, should at once deal with them. — Ibid. 42. Has the G. W. C. T. the right to initiate any persons at their residence ? If so, would they be members of the 220 INITIATION. Lodge organized in their town or village, without some action of said Lodge, and what action should be taken ? A, The G. W. C. T. can claim no right to initiate, except at the institution of new Lodges. An initiation at a private residence will not invalidate the initiation, if all the other constitutional provisions have been complied with— Minn., 6th s., 26. 43. Suppose a member belonging to Lodge A is initiated into Lodge B, which Lodge was not cognizant that he was, at the time of such initiation, a member of the Order — having intimated himself that he was not — but it after- ward appears that he is, and two quarters in arrears in Lodge A, although he stated that he had ordered his name to be erased from the books of such Lodge. Decided : that the initiation of such person into Lodge B, was null and void, as no person can be a member of two Lodges, in our Order, at the same time, and that Lodge A can take such action to punish the offender as is deemed bcvst, he being liable to the same punishment as for any violation of his obligation. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 14. Pa., 16th s., 19. 44. A brother withdrew from Lodge A and made ap- plication for membership in Lodge B as an Ancient Good Templar, and was so received by Lodge B ; did Lodge B do right ? A. Lodge B was in error in so admitting him. — Iowa, 11th s., 40. 45. A Lodge cannot initiate a candidate under 12 years of age. — Ibid. 46. A person who has become a member under an as- sumed name, cannot be dealt with therefor, when it was known that such name was assumed at the time of initia- tion ; but the Lodge should be dealt with. — N. H., 66. 47. Suppose a candidate is initiated just after a Lodge has been formed (before the Constitution is written in the roll book), and he neglects afterward to sign it. but in a INSTALLATION OF OFFICERS. 221 few weeks resigns his membership. The W. C. T. directs his name stricken from the roll, which proves not to be there. Now, is he not a member as much as if his name had been on the roll book ? A. He is, and his withdrawal takes effect from the time the W. C. T. directs his name stricken off*. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 17. Installation of Officers. 1. The installation of officers comes under the head of new business. — Iowa, 7th s., 24. 2. An elective officer is not entitled to enter upon the duties of his office until he has been installed and inducted into it. — Iowa, 2d s., 11. 3. Q, Can the officers of a Lodge be installed at anjr other time than at the first regular meeting in the quarter for which they are elected ? A. They can. — Iowa, 7th s., 31. 4. An officer elect absent at installation, an eleclion should at once take place to fill such vacancy, that the officers may all be installed at once. Installation by proxy is not permitted. — E. W. G. L., 19th s., 98 ; Wis., 5th 8., 43; 111., 13th s., 15; Mich., 13th s., 11; Id., 8th s., 11; Ky., 6th s., 39. 5. If the W. C. T. elect is absent at the time of Instal- lation, the Lodge must either postpone the Installation, or till the office by election. A Lodge cannot install the officers without the W. C.T.— G. W. C. T. Nichols, 111., 18th s., 8; Mich., 8th 8., 17. Iowa has decided (10th s., 7) that if elective officers are not all present on the regular night for installation, those absent can be legally installed at some future meeting, and that appointed officers can 222 INSTALLATION OF OFFICERS. be selected from among members that are absent, in direct conflict with the decision above given. The Iowa decision, in our opinion, is incorrect, for a two- fold reason : — 1st. Our Ritual Ceremony contemplates that all the officers shall be installed at the same time, and that the appointed officers shall all take their places as soon as appointed, when the Deputy pronounces the Lodge regularly organized, and all parts of the government complete. 2d. It is a very bad precedent that members can be chosen and come in any time during the term, to assume the duties of their office ; such doctrine, gen- erally established, would result in this, that not one Lodge in ten would have all its offices filled at the Installation. This would cause constant confusion in the workings of the Lodge, delay in returns to Grand Lodge, and procrastination and lukewarmness on the part of the officers. An elective officer ne- cessarily absent at time of installation, or some mem- ber desirable to fill an appointed office, would do better to waive his privilege in favor of a less com- petent member, and save intact this wholesome rule, so generaMy observed in our Lodges. Of course, when a considerable number of officers elect are un- avoidably absent, prudential reasons should induce the Lodge to postpone the installation, or there might be sufficient reason in the absence of one to warrant it ; but if it is thought best to go into the installation, all vacancies should be supplied by a new election. 6. It is necessary to install an officer that is elected or INSTALLATION OF OFFICERS. 223 appointed to fill a vacancy, any time during the term. — Mich., 8th s., 10 ; G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 17. 7. An officer elected to fill a vacancy can be installed the same evening he is elected. — Conn., 6th s., 46. 8. An officer cannot administer an obligation to him- self.— Ibid., 17th s. 9. Functional powers, as connected with the honors of past office, do not inure in our Order, except where the laws so specify ; hence it is not competent for Past G. Lodge or Past K». W. G. Lodge officers, ez-officiOj to install the officers of the Subordinate Lodges to which they be- long.— E. W. G. T.'Eussell, 18th s., 983 ; Kas., 12th s., 13. 10. When the Deputy of a Lodge is elected to fill any office in a Subordinate Lodge, the proper officer to install liim is a W. C. T., P. W. C. T., or another Deputv.— Cal., 7th 8., 3 ). 11. A P. W. C. T. has no authority to install officers. —111., 8th s., 50. Except to install a Deputy chosen to some office, * when there is no other Deputy present, which usage sanctions. 12. Is a Lodge Deputy compelled to install a Chaplain elect, who is not a member of any Christian church, or makes no profession of a saving faith in Christ? A. If a Chaplain elect of a Lodge is a member in good stand- ing, and has been duly elected, the L. D. should install him.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 21. 13. A member who was filling the office of A. S. was elected to the office of W. V. T. ; she tendered her resig- nation of the office of A. S., but the Lodge refused to ac- cept her resignation. The W. C. T. claimed it to be his duty to install her in the office of W. V. T. Was he cor- rect? A, He was. The election of the sister as W. V. T. was 224 INSTALLATION OF OFFICERS. equivalent to an acceptance of her resignation as A, S. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 46. 14. The old officers always hold over until their suc- cessors are chosen and installed. — Iowa, 10th s., 7. 15. A person re-elected to an office should always be re-installed.— R. W. G. T. Hastings, 10th s., 8. 16. An officer elect cannot be installed until his dues are paid.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868; N. Y. 4Ui 8., 15. 17. G. W. C. T.'s may grant permission to Subordinate Lodges, to hold public meetings for the installation of Officers; but it is advisable to always have an address upon the subject of Temperance delivered upon the oc- casion ; and no visitors should be admitted until the Lodge is regularlv opened, and should retire before it is closed.— Pa., 13th s., 50. Althougb public installations have been practiced to some extent, from a close* observation of their workings in the author's own State, he cannot rec- ommend them. Too many public temperance meet- ings cannot be held, but let the Lodge room be ac- cessible only to the Good Templars. It has been the practice of many Lodges to hold the public meetings in their Lodge room, once in two or four weeks, when a paper, essay and other attractive ex- ercises grace the occasion. The result has invari- ably been, so far as the author's observation has extended, to crowd all the interest into the public meetings, and as any one could attend those without incurring the expense of membership in the Lodge, none cared to join, and many already belonging al- lowed themselves to be suspended for non-payment of dues. Thus have waned and died many of oui JOURNAL. 225 best Lodges. Where good has resulted from them, let them be held, but, in the author's opinion, our public meetings should be held free, and disconnected from the regular meetings of our Order. 18. The installation of officers comes under the head of new business. — Iowa, 7th s., 24. Journal. 1. The S. is required to record motions that do not pre- vail, when a vote is taken. — Minn., 6th s., 28. 2. The W. C. T. has the right to say the minutes will be corrected as suggested, if no objection be made; and if no one objects, to order the correction made. — Wis., 6th s., 35. 3. A Subordinate Lodge cannot expunge a portion of its records. — III., 103. 4. The minutes of a Lodge cannot be erased or amended after being approved by the Lodge, but the subject matter may be changed by motion or resolution, and entered upon the minutes of the meeting making such amendment. — G. W. C. T. Downing, Cal., 4th s., 12. 5. The minutes should be made to correspond with the facts by a vote of the Lodge, if a difference of opinion exists as to their correctness. — Mich., 10th s., 17. 6. Where members are nominated for any office and decline, the secretary's minutes should show both the nomination and declination. — Mich., 14th s., 40. 7. The S. of a Lodge omits in his minutes a resolution or a vote of the Lodge. At the next meeting, the minutes are read and approved, and the omission is not noticed. Is the action of the Lodge still in force, or does the neglect of the Lodge to correct the minutes work a repeal of the action ? A, The action of the Lodge is not repealed by such 15 f 226 MISCELLANEOUS. neglect. If the vote of the Lodge is right and proper, it is in force until rescinded by a formal vote, or annulled by a higher judicatory. The record is only preserved evi- dence of the fact that such action has been had. A motion to correct the minutes, where there was an omission, would be in order at a subsequent meeting. Suppose that several candidates were initiated, and the S. was to omit one name, or that several persons who were one year in arrears, should be expelled, and a name not recorded, would the omission make the action of the Lodge void ? Most certainly not,— 1. A sister on being elected Marshal, has no right to place a brother in the chair to act as M., she acting as D. M., he not having taken the Degrees. — Cal., 8th s., 43. In Cal. the elective officers must have the De- grees, — M. being elective. 2. The M. and D. M. must report to the W. C. T. after testing, and the M. says, on the right, W. C. T."— G. W. i C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 18. 3. In the examination by the M. at the opening of the Subordinate Lodge, the members should rise to give the Password and explanation. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th 6., 19. 4. It is not necessary for the M. to announce the result I of all votes to the W. C. T.— Id. ^ \ 1. The R. W. G. Templar, while presiding, should be addressed simply as Worthy Templar. — R. W. G. L., 1st 8., 300. 2. Ought Subordinate Lodges to get up dancing parties as Lodges ? G. T., vol. 7, 187. Marshal. Miscellaneous. MISCELLANEOUS. 227 A. No. Dancing is an amusement in relation to the propriety of which there is a wide difference of opinion *even among church members. While our Order does not attempt to interfere with the amusement of its members, it is not proper for Lodges^ as such, to engage in anything of this kind while there is such a difference of opinion among its members as to its propriety. — R. W. G. T. Has- tings, 14th s., 12. Mass., 296. G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 1868. Neb., 3d s., 15. 3. Lodges bv so doing forfeit Charters. — Mo., 12th 8., 50. Can., voL 17, 38. 4. Lodge rooms are not to be used for dancing. — 111., 11th s., 41. N. J., 6th s., 11. 5. Nor rented for it.— Mich., 14th s., 42. G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 1868. 6. Dancing in Lodge rooms on night of meeting for- bidden. — Cal., 5th s., 25. 7. Any Lodge which shall directly or indirectly use or allow to be used for a social party where dancing is a part of the entertainment, their Lodge name, or the name **Good Templar,'' directly or indirectly, in advertising in any manner such a party, shall forfeit its Charter, and on proof of any such fact coming to the knowledge of the G. W. C. T., it shall be his duty to demand their Charter. — 111., 13th s., 67. 8. No member shall be permitted to attend a ball in any place occupied in whole or in part for the purpose of selling liquor.— Wis., 14th s., 50. Mich., 15th s., 32. N. J., 6th s., 11. 9. It is not proper to agitate and discuss the question of dancing in open lodge.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 10. Whereas, The use of tobacco not only indirectly, but in many cases directly, leads members of the Order to patronize bars, and other places where intoxicating liquors are kept, and believing the use of tobacco to be tn injurious and filthy habit, therefore we would again 228 MISCELLANEOUS. urge on all members to discountenance its use in all forms, and on all occasions. — Can., vol. 20-24. N. H., 25. 11. The R. W. G. L. recommends that no member uses it while wearing regalia and that Subordinate Lodges pro- hibit smoking in the ante-rooms and lobbies of our Lodge rooms during session. — R. W. G. L., 19th s., 54. 12. The Executive Committee of the Grand Lodge of Canada, under Sec. 1 of Art. VI., of that G. L. Constitu- tion, have not jurisdiction to try a Past Grand officer or member of the G. L. for offences committed against the laws of the said G. L., or for violations of his obligations to said G. L.— R. W. G. T. Hastings, 11th s. 13. Mass temperance associations are no part of our organization, and hence any assessment from such con- ventions or associations are not binding upon Subordinate Lodges of Tjood Templars, even though such Lodges may have members belonging to such conventions, or may even have elected delegates to attend and participate in them ; but Lodges may vote to appropriate money for such a purpose, not being prohibited in their own Consti- tution or By-Laws; not in answer to any assessment made by such an authority, but as a gift of so much money for the purpose of such associations. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 6tli s., 10. 14. Any member hereafter publishing and selling any cards, odes, or private work of this Order, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and be liable to expulsion ; and any Lodge purchasing such work may be punished bv forfeii- ure of charter.— R. W. G. L., 2d s., 322. 15. The R. W. G. L. cannot, by a motion, set aside a clause of our Constitution. — R. W. G. T. Chase, R. W. G. L., 5th s., 23. Nor a By-Law. — Ibid. 16. When consent is referred to in our work, it implies • unanimous consent. — Ilh, 7th s., 32. 17. Matter passes officially from the Lodge when the person is notified. — III., 6th s., 26. MISCELLANE0T7S. 229 S18. It is not necessary for a motion to bring any par- ticular matter before the Lodge, when working under the "Good of the Order," provided the matter mentioned is for the good of the Order, and the Chair is to judge, sub- ject to the action of the Lodge, if any member chooses to appeal— Wis., 9th s., 29. 19. Q, Is a motion other than to adjourn, in order un- I der the head of " Good of the Order" ? A. Yes.— Iowa, 9th s., 23. I 20. It is in order to transact business, under the head I of "Good of the Order."— Mich., 9th s., 19. 21. After an order of business has been called and de- clared closed by the W. C. T., and another taken up, the former order can be again called, without a vote of the Lodge, if there are no objections ; if there are, a vote must be taken. — Wis., 8th s., 7. 22. Appointed officers hold during the term, even though the Chair of the appointing power be vacated, and others elected in their stead. — 111., 9th s., 10. 23. An officer in a Lodge can serve on a Standing Com- mittee.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. 24. A W^. C. T. cannot declare a recess of fifteen min- utes, in the midst of business, when there are those pres- ent opposed to it, unless it is brought before the Lodge on a regular motion ; and under the head of "New Business'' it is in order to make a motion for a recess. — Id., 20th s. 25. An officer who is absent during the opening of a Lodge, cannot claim his seat as an officer, as a right, but may take it by the courtesy of the person in the Chair, and the presiding officer. — Mich., 8th ^, 15. 26. An officer absent at roll-call is liable to a fine, though he may arrive soon after his name is called, and ^11 his office during the rest of the evening. The Lodge, m such a case, should excuse him, on motion, when his case comes up, unless his tardiness is willful and habitual. No charge need be preferred in case of the absence of officers. It is a delinquency, open and apparent upon 230 MISCELLANKOUS. the calling of the roll, and needs no investigation. The absentee should always be allowed to state the reasons of his absence before the fine is entered. — G. W. C. T. Titus, C, 13th s., 12. 27. The retiring otlice'rs should sign returns to the Grand Lodge.— 111., 9th s., 10. 28. Officers, in the discharge of their duties, are re- quired to make the usual salutations on entering and re- tiring.— 111., 1855. 29. So far as relates to officers on retiring on duty, this decision is erroneous. The object of salutation on retir- ing is to avoid confusion, and that members may be as- sured it is in order for them to retire, and certainly there is no necessity or propriety in making the salutation to an inferior officer, which is equivalent to asking if in order to retire, when ordered to go out on duty by tiie presiding officer. But us such officers enter on the same footing as private members, the salutation should be given on enter- ing.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 1863. Conn., 8th s., 21. 30. Should officers excused by the W. C. T., or any person going out by request of the W. C. T. or Lodge, be allowed to pass out without giving the salutation and re- tiring P. W. ? (This does not refer to officers in their official business, viz., the P. W. C. T. or F. S.) A, All should give the salutation and retiring P. W. except offi- cers that come within the decision of R. W. G. T. Chase (ante 29).— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 20. 31. It is necessary to have the Constitution written or printed above the names in Subordinate Lodges. — Ibid., a?. 32. And charter members should sign the roll. — Ibid. 33. There is no law prohibiting Lodge meetings being held on the first floor. — Iowa, 11th s., 7. 34. A Lodge may have a room without an ante-room^ thus making the outside door on the street, when it is im- possible to make any better arrangement for meeting. In Buch cases the W. C. T. can direct members to refrain from MISCELLANEOUS. 231 giving the regular signal, and prescribe some signal to be used pro tempore and pro loco, — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 19. 35. Children under three years of age may be admitted to visit sessions of a Lodge. — Cal., 4th s., 57. 36. Children three years old must be excluded from Lodge meetings. — III., 18th s., 43. 37. A member of our Order is obliged to serve upon any committee, unless excused ; and such member is not to be the judge as to the character of the subject-matter confided to the committee.— G. W. C. T. Campbell, Mo., 1867. 38. A member of a Subordinate Lodge has not a right to reveal to persons outside of the Lodge the business transacted therein. — Cal., 7th s., 28. 39. The manner of giving our obligation should not be told to any person who is not a member of the Order. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 60. 40. It is no part of the work of this Order to accompany the signs with language explaining such signs. — R. W. G. T. Hastings. 41. In giving the unwritten work to a candidate, it is wrong to explain the meaning of the first three signs. — Wis., 17th s., 47. R. W. G. L., 19th s., 97. 42. When the W. C. T. of Subordinate Lodges asks the question, "Has any member viohited the pledge?" is it according to the usage of the Order for the members who have not committed such a violation to arise and assume the Good Templar's attitude? If such is not the usage, should it be practiced in any of our Lodges ? A> It is not the usage, and should not be practiced. — Mich., 13th s., 11. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 16. ^E. W. G. L., 957. 43. Member^ may cross the hall during Lodge sessions without permission of the W. C. T. ; but not when any other member has the floor. — 111., 18th s., 43. 232 MISCELLANEOUS. 44. A Lodge cannot abolish the calling of the roll of officers at the opening of the Lodge. — Ind., 17th s., 37. 45. The Trustees are the proper officers to hire the jan- itor to have charge of the hall where a Lodge meets, in« Btead of the Koom Committee. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. 46. Q. Have the Trustees of a Lodge a right to take the property of said Lodge to use at a festival or celebration for the benefit of the Lodge ? A. The Trustees have con- trol of all the property of the Lodge, subject to the ap- proval of said Lodge, and can so take and use it. — Ibid., 17th s., 61. 47. Members in arrears not being entitled to seats in a Lodge, are not to be included in the number requisite to form a quorum, unlcvss members in arrears shall qualify themselves by payment of dues. — Ibid., 18th s., 46. 48. A librarian and assistant librarian cannot be con- sidered as officers of the Lodge. — Ibid. 49. A chaplain came into the Lodge when the meeting was half through, and under order of "New Business" gave in his excuse, claiming that it should be received and no fine charged to him. The W. C. T. refused to receive it, and called him to order, claiming that he must wait until next meeting, and then under the head of "Calling list of officers absent at last meeting," render his excuse. Decided that it was proper for the chaplain to fender his excuse, and the duty of the W. C. T. to entertain a motion to excuse him, if a vote of the Lodge was necessary. There are certain heads in our Order of Business under which certain business is transacted ; but this does not prevent the same business being transacted under other heads not inappropriate, and when the circumstances seem to warrant it.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 59. 50. In Art. V., Sec. 3, By-Laws of Subordinate Lodges, sickness of an officer's family or friends, preventing his attendance at Lodge, may be accepted as a lawful excuse, —Ibid. MISCELLANEOUS. 233 61. What is meant by Sec. 3, Art. V., Subordinate Lodge By-Laws ? Does it mean absence from home or the Lodge room? A, It means absence from home or the place. In Buch cases, or when sick, the member is declared excused by the W. C. T. without any vote of the Lodge. In oil other cases, the Lodge may, by vote, excuse. — Id., 17th s., 61. 52. Public dedication of Good Templar halls is allowed in our Order, and recommended. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 19. 53. A Good Templar does right in refusing to subscribe for a paper that advertises the sale of alcoholic liquors. — Ibid. 54. The following resolution is constitutional, and should be entertained by a W. C. T. : Resolved, That on and after a certain date all the officers of a Lodge who reside out of town be and are hereby excused from attending the meetings of the Lodge whenever the weather is unusually inclement. 55. What can be done with members who sit during the sessions of a Lodge when the rules of the Order require them to stand? A. If they willfully violate the rules of the Order in that respect they can be dealt with the same as for any other violation of the rules and usages. — Ibid., 17th s., 60. 56. Reading the Scriptures in our Lodge meetings ia not only strictly constitutional, but is in accordance with our rules and usages, and is recommended. If a Lodge passes a vote to have the Scriptures read, or if the Chap- lain wishes to read them without a vote of the Lodge, tlie W. C. T. has no right to prevent it, and if he does, is guilty of a misdemeanor in office, and may be dealt with ac- cordingly. — Ibid. 57. A hall is legally dedicated when done by a W. C. T. without the presence or direction of a G. W. C. T. or any Deputy. — Wis., 16th s., 41. 58. No decision can be made by any officer, or resolu- 234 MISCELLANEOUS. tion passed by any Lodge, that will have the force of an ex post facto law, but it is proper to give interpretations of any law existing at the time an act was alleged to have been committed. — Conn., 6th s., 48. 59. Certain money having been collected by subscrip- tion to pay the expense of a lecture, and the lecturer not being able to attend, a motion is made and carried to have the money paid into the treasury of the Lodge ; the W. C. T. decides the action illegal, on the ground that the money was contributed for a specific object, and did not belong to the Lodge, and could not be controlled by those who were not contributors. The Grand Lodge of Conn, sustained the W. C. T. on appeal. — 6th s., 50. 60. Social parties, where such amusements as "Snap and Catch 'Em" (so called) are a leading feature, however innocent they may be, ought not to be originated by mo- tion and vote in our Lodges, nor held under their aus- pices ; and no Lodge has any right to appropriate funds from its treasury to defray the expenses of such gathering. —Id., 61. 6L County Lodges have no authority to decide appeals from Subordinate Lodges, or to control their disciplinary action.— G. W. C. T. Boyd, Me., 14th s., 11. Except where the Grand Lodge has conferred this authority in the charters to such County Lodges, or by express enactment. 62. If business is referred to a Finance Committee on the night of installation, which is not finished at that' meeting, said Committee cannot act after the new Com- mittee is appointed. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 16. 63. The W. C. T. may excuse a committee appointed by himself, on their declining to serve, if there is no ob- jection on the part of the Lodge. It is virtually the Lodge which appoints or excuses. — O. P., vol. 1, No. 1. 64. Members of our Order are entitled to relief from dis- tress, provided they are in possession of a traveling card or MISCELLANEOUS. 235 the quarterly P. W., as well as the signs and tests adopted as the secret workings of our Order. — Wis., 10th s., 11. 65. No one is allowed to remain in the ante-room dur- ing the sessions of the Lodge longer than is necessary to pass in and out, except the S. and other officers or com- mittees in the discharge of other duties imposed by the Lodge, The ante-rooms of our Lodges should not be used as places of resort for idlers. — Ibid. 66. No Subordinate Lodge should publish, or offer for publication, its action in any case where the character of any member is involved. — Mich., 13th s., 12. 67. A hall, or other real estate held by a Lodge, does not, in case the Lodge disbands or becomes extinct, be- come the property of the Grand Lodge. It belongs to the members jointly who are in good standing when the Lodge breaks up.— G. W. C. T. Titus, O., 13th s., 12. jS8. A member of our Order has a right to sue another member at law without first warning him of the fact, as the laws of the Order do not deprive its members from collecting debts of one another by due course of law ; yet members should be charitable to each other, and be guided by the golden rule. It would be well to give notice of the fact, though no law compels such notice. — Ind., 7th s., 8. 69. The Sick Committee cannot call on a suspended member to sit up with a sick member who is in good standing, nor can they compel a member in good standing to sit up with a suspended member when sick. A sus- pended member is cut off from all privileges of the Lodge, both at its meetings and from that care and attention im- poi^ed upon us by the laws of the Order in case of sick- ness.— Ind., 7th s., 12. 70. A second person may be admitted to a Lodge room before the first has given the salutation. — Wis., 12th s., 22. 71. A brother gave the usual signal at the inner door and reported himself deficient in the P. W. The W. V. T. directed his admission, which was done, the brother advanced to the P. W. C. T. and gave the salutation, which 236 MISCELLANEOUS. I he refused to recognize, upon the ground that the brother was not entitled to any recognition until he qualified him- self for a seat in the Lodge by obtaining the P. W. ; that after obtaining the P. W. the brother must then give the salutation, which he would recognize, and the brother would be entitled to a seat. The brother had already paid his dues. The W. C. T. ruled that the W. V. T's. permission to enter was a sufficient warrant for the brother so to do, and the P. W. C. T. must recognize his salutation before the brother obtained the P. W., after which the deficient member was to possess himself of the forgotten word, and take his seat. Which was right? Ans. The W. C. T. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 72. The "Digest" received by a Lodge, at its institution, is the property of the Lodge, and should always be in the room accessible to all. — Iowa, 14th s., 7. Mo., 15th s., 41. 73. We hereby declare our unequivocal disapprobation of any and all such methods of raising money, as the "Premium Temperance Concert,'^ a scheme based upon the immoral principle of gambling; and would caution the public against being deceived by any such immoral pretexts. As our Order is founded upon the principles of the highest morality and vital Christianity, it is our duty to discountenance all that would lead to vice, crime or immorality. — R. W. G. L. 14th s., 66. 74. It is a violation of our principles to discuss or de- bate in Lodge questions of party politics, or of a sectarian and denominational character in religion. — 111., 13th s., 16. 75. A motion to excuse all absentees in a Subordinate Lodge is in order, unless the By-Laws of the Lodge declare otherwise.-— Cal., 5th s., 34. 76. There is no provision in the Constitution for a Lodge becoming beneficiary, nor is it in harmony with the policy of the Order. That policy is to inculcate and practice the principles of total abstinence, for our own safety, for the peace and safety of our families, and for the protection and purification of society. As to ourselves, PARLIAMENTARY. 237 it is a policy of self-denial ; and as to others, it is benevo- lence and humanity, harmonizing with the genius and spirit of Christianity. But the beneficiary idea is quite the reverse, tending to fix the mind on the benefits to accrue^ like an Insurance policy, and losing sight of the cardinal principles we seek to inculcate. Nor is it adapted, either, to reach the masses, creating a necessity for high fees and dues.— G. W. C. T. McMurray, Pa., 14th s., 14. 77. A Subordinate Lodge has no right to appropriate its ordinary Lodge funds to the support of sick or indigent members. To allow this would pervert the design of the Order, by rendering it a beneficiary society. — R. W. G. L., 19th s., 96. Appeal of John Sutherland from G. L. of Scotland. 78. Do Good Templars act unconstitutionally, by either calling or attending a convention of Good Templars, either called or assembled for the purpose of considering and deciding as to whether any and what action should be taken to promote the good of the Order, and advance the cause of Temperance? Ans. No, provided such members meet in their indi- vidual capacity, and all its business and deliberations are conducted in strict conformity with the object set forth in the question. — R. W. G. L., 19th s., 95. 79. An Ancient Good Templar is one whose Lodge has failed, and left him without membership or clearance card. His privileges are, upon showing the facts, he in admitted without re-initiation, the same as a card member. — R. W. G.L., 4th s., 35. Parliamentary. 1. Q. 1st, a motion was made and carried to accept the report of a certain committee, and discharge them ; 2cl-, a motion was made and carried by the Lodge to the efiect that the first motion be reconsidered. A third motion was next made to the effect that the first motion of the series 238 PARLIAMENTARY. (the one to accept the report and discharge the committee) be rescinded. The W. C. T. ruled that the motion waa out of order. Was his ruling correct? A. It was ; and for these reasons : 1st, when a motion for reconsideration has passed, the question again recurs on the original motion ; it cannot be in order then to move to rescind that motion, because there is nothing pending to rescind. The original question is before the Lodge precisely as it was the moment before the vote on its adoption was taken ; and unless a motion is made to amend it in some way, the question should be taken as at first, and if a majority are opposed to it they can vote it down, and thus end it. — G. W. C. T. Hawkins, Iowa, 14th «.,7. 2. When a motion is pending before the Lodge to reduce the initiation fee and quarterly dues one-half, it would not be in order to offer the following amendment: " I move that the fees and dues be not reduced, but remain as they are.'* — Ibid. 3. A motion for a recess of ten minutes is a proper one in a Lodge. — Ibid. 4. In Valley City Lodge, No. 159, Iowa, a motion was made that a committee be appointed to raise money to pay the dues of brothers who had enlisted in the army. An- other motion was made that an order be drawn on the W, T. for the aforesaid purpose, which last motion the W. C. T. declared out of order, there being a motion before the Lodge. An appeal was taken from decision of Chair to Lodge, and the Chair reversed upon the ground that the first motion was out of order. An appeal was taken from this action to Grand Lodge, and the action of the Lodge reversed and appeal sustained. — Iowa, 8th 36. 5. When a Lodge resolves itself into a Committee of THE Whole, no officer is displaced but W. C. T. ; all others retain their position and perform the duties of their respective offices. — Iowa, 10th s., 7. 6. In a certain Subordinate Lodge, a motion was made, PARLIAMENTARY. 239 **That a committee be appointed to make arrangements to get np a dance or something of that kind, to celebrate the anniversary of the institution of our Lodge," which mo- tion the W. G. T. declared out of order. An appeal was taken to the Lodge, and the W. C. T. sustained. Decided: that the Chair sliould have entertained the motion, and the Lodge was in error in sustaining him. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 8. 7. At the annual session of the G. L. of Minnesota, while a resolution was under discussion with an amend- ment pending, a call was made and sustained for the previous question ; the G. W. C. T. ruled that the previous question cut off the amendment; an appeal from this decision to the Lodge was refused. Was the ruling of the Chair that the amendment was cut off by the " previous question" correct? Am. No. Was it proper for the Chair to refuse the appeal to the Lodge ? Ans. No. — P. R. W. G. T. Chase, 1869. 8. The previous question can be called while a member is speaking. The object of the previous question is to cut off debate, and force the body having the matter under consideration to a vote ; but this could not be accomplished if it could not be called while a member is engaged in Bpeaking ; as a member may talk against time and fritter away an entire session, or a number of them, and no \ote be reached. Even when a member had ceased speaking, the next member recognized by the Chair might be one interested in prolonging the discussion, and thus the debate be continued indefinitely. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 22. 9. It is said in "Chase's Digest," that "the previous question can be called while a member is speaking." Why did you not accept my motion while a brother was speaking? A, The reason I could not take your motion was because you had not the floor. No person can speak in the Lodge, OP call anything, unless he has been recognized by the Chair, and has the floor. To get the floor when a member 240 PARLIAMENTARY. is speaking, the person having it must be requested to withdraw for a moment, and he must have done so, before the previous question can be called. — P. E. W. G. T. Chase, G. L. Scotland, 216. 10. No business regularly before the Lodge shall be interrupted, except by a motion for adjournment, post- ponement, commitment, amendment, to lay on the table, or for the previous question. — Id., 17th s., 60. 11. A motion to "throw under the table" is not parlia- mentary, and should not be made. — Id., 61. 12. A question laid on the table for two weeks cannot be acted on at the end of one week. — Conn., 6th s., 47. 13. When a motion is made, and two amendments moved thereto, and the amendments have been voted on and lost, other amendments can be moved. — Ind., 17th s., 34. 14. Upon the question to approve the minutes of a previous session, it is not in order to move the reference of certain resolutions passed at such session to a com- mittee, nor for any one to criticise or in any way to discuss the merits of such resolutions. The only question to be decided is, are the proceedings correctly reported ? — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 59. 15. If a member rises to speak or offer a motion (in order), and is not recognized by the Chair, can he turn and address the W. V. T., and if recognized, can he then speak? A, No.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 21. 16. It is not in order for a member to retire from the Lodge while a member is speaking, and the W. V. T. should not answer the salutation, or allow such retiring. Of course if the member speaking suspends his remarks, at the request of the W. C. T. for such purpose, it is in order.— G. W. C. T., Pa., 20th s. 17. When a member rises to speak he cannot be recog- nized by a nod of the head, but his name must be called, unless it is unknown to the W. C. T. or presiding officer, when he must be recognized in some way which will PASS-WORD. 241 indicate to whom the floor is given, as the " Brother on my right," the Brother on my left,'^ or the " Brother in front," etc.— G. W. C.T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 59. 18. A resolution adopted at a special meeting of a Lodge not properly called, and carried by votes of members not entitled to seats in the Lodge, is not binding, and should not go upon the journal of the Lodge. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20lh 8. 19. The mover and seconder of a motion cannot speak to it when moving and seconding; but must wait until the question has been moved and seconded and repeated from the Chair. — Id. 20. It is not right for any one, in Subordinate or G. L., on rising to make a proposition or speak in the Lodge, to make any sign of salutation. — R. W. G. L., 19th s., 97. 21. It is imperative, that in speaking in Subordinate, Grand, or R. W. G. Lodge, that the party wishing to do so, rise to his or her feet, and address the chair in the proper manner. — R. W. G. L., 19th s., 97. 22. A committee appointed to do a certain work, make their report. A motion to " receive the report and dis- charge the committee," is out of order. The report is the property of the Lodge, to do with as they please, and the committee having done what they were ordered to do, cease to be a committee. This last clause does not refer to standing committees. — R. W. G. L., 19th s., 98. Pass-Word. 1. The W. C. T. can give the P. W. at any time and in any place, when he is certain the person is entitled to receive it. He is not confined to the Lodge room. — Iowa, 14th s., 30. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. 2. Under Sec. 3, Art. 4, Sub. Lodge Cons., the W. V. T. is required to perform the duties of the W. C. T. in his absence, and during the absence of such ofiicer from home, 16 242 PASS-WORD. the W. V. T. is the W. C. T. of the Lodge for all pur- poses ; and as the W. C. T. may give the pass- word in the interim between sessions, so may the W. V. T. in that officer's absence from his home— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa,, 17th s., 54. 3. The W. V. T. is not required to give the P. W. to the M. at time of examination. As the W. V. T. is re- quired to examine the G. and S., it is known that such officer must be in possession of it.— Ibid. 4. Where on the night of installation of officers, pre- vious thereto, there was an initiation of several candidateH, the retiring W. C. T. has no right to give the new pass- word to the initiates. If he gives any, it must be the old one.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 20. 5. A presiding W. C. T. not a member of the Lodge over which he is presiding, has the right to give the P. W. to members entitled.— 111., 18th s., 42. This is on the principle that a pro tern, presiding officer is invested with all the authority of the reg- ular presiding officer, while in the discharge of the duties of presiding officer. Hence he can give the casting vote in case of a tie, where the regular pre- siding officer could do so. 6. It is improper to communicate the pass-word and explanations to initiates in a loud voice. None but the W. C. T. should then communicate it. — K. W. G. L., 1st s., 301. 7. A D. G. W. C. T. cannot aid the W. C. T. in giving it at the commencement of the quarter. — Ind., 4th s., 30. 8. The presiding officer only, can impart the pass-word at initiations, and cannot authorize the M. to do so. — G. W. C. T. Titus, O., 13th s., 12. K W. G. L., 19th s., 98. 9. A G. W. C. T. cannot legally give the pass-word to a member of this Order, other than his Deputy or a W. C. T. Nor can a D. G. W. C. T.— Cal., 6th s., 16. PASS-WORD. 243 Mass., 307 (Conn., 6th s., 25, and Kas., 12th s., 13), decide that he may give it to any member in his jurisdiction whom he knows to be entitled to it. Cal. is correct. 10. No State Deputy, or any other Deputy, as such^ has a right to give the P. W. to a member, even though he knows Rucli a member entitled to it, and in his opinion, the good of a member or the Order requires it should be given. This preroo^ative belongs to the W. C. T. or acting W. C. T. alone. Of course, if the Deputy is acting W. C. T., he has the right.—E. W. G. T. Chase, 9th s., 10. 11. A Lodge Deputy has no right to communicate the new quarterly pass-word to any one but the newly elected W. C. T., nor to him until after installation. — R. W. G. T. Russell, 18th s., 984. 12. It cannot be communicated in writing. — N. H., 66. 13. Members are not at liberty to communicate the pass-word to each other, and when forgotten, application should be made to the W. C. T., whose duty it is to com- municate it upon satisfactory evidence that the applicant is legally entitled thereto. — 111., 44. 14. The W. C. T. can legally receive the P. W. from no other person than the G. W. C. T. or his acting Deputy. If the W. C. T. obtains the P. W. unlawfully, and the members receive it, being aware of the fact, the charter of such Lodge should at once be revoked. — G. T., vol. 6, 56. 15. A W. C. T. may withhold the P. W. from a mem- ber who is under a charge for violation of pledge. — G. W. C. T. Potter, N. J., 4th s., 9. 16. A member in arrears has no right to use the P. W., although given him by the W. C. T. — Ibid. 17. One receiving the P. W. illegally^ and refusing to give the name of the person giving it to him, is liable to Buapension or expulsion. — Ibid. 244 PASS-WORD. 18. A member who has obtained the pass- word in any illegal manner, shall not be considered in possession of t' ' same, and not be allowed a seat in the lodge-room, a should be disciplined for so obtaining it. — E. W. G. 19th s., 98. 19. A Deputy cannot legally communicate the quarter! P. W. to the W. C. T. elect before his installation. — Iowa, 11th s., 40. K. I., 4th s., 7. 20. The P. W. is not to be given unless the member is clear of the books, and to be clear of the books at the com- mencement of a quarter, one quarter's dues must be paid in advance. — Iowa, 13. Cal., 8th s., 43. 21. And fines as well as dues. — 111., 1858. 22. When a member appeals to the Grand Lodge from a fine imposed by a Subordinate Lodge, he is not con- sidered clear on the books, or entitled to the pass-word, till the tine is paid. In case the Grand Lodge decides in his favor, his Lodge must refund the fine, if paid. — G. W. C. T. Titus, O., 13th s., 12. 23. If a member pays a full quarter's dues in the mid- dle of a term, he is not entitled to thp P. W. of the next term.— Wis., 5th s., 12. 24. A Lodge levied a tax on its members for the pur- pose of paying for regalia. Can this Lodge, hy votCj with- hold the P. W. from those who have not paid the tax ? A, It cannot.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 61. 25. As a general rule, a W. C. T. has no right to witli- hold the pass-word from a member who is clear of the books, although I can conceive of a case where he would be justified in doing so, but such cases would be very rare in our Order.— K. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s., 8. 26. If a member pays his dues, and demands the quarterly pass-word, and at the same time says that he intends to withdraw the same evening, would the W. C. T. be justified in withholding the pass-word from him? A. No; unless the W. C. T. is satisfied he will use the game for illegal purposes. — Mich., 12th s., 28. PASS-WORD. 245 27. It is proper for the W. C. T. of one Lodge to com- municate tlie pass-word to a member of another Lodge, on the written request of the Lodge to which said member belongs.— K. W. G. L., 4th s., 35. 28. Or upon the written request of the W. C. T. of the Lodge to which the visitor belongs. — N. H., 35. 29. A W. C. T. has a right to give the Q. P. W. to a member visiting by card wlio is entitled to it in his own Lodge, on the request of the W. C. T. of the Lodge grant- ing the card. — Wis., 8th s., 8. G. W. C. T. Downing, of California (4th s., 12), has decided that a W. C. T. may give the Q. P. W. to a visiting member, if such member is vouched for by the Deputy or other Grand officer. This is er- roneous, and in conflict witli sec. 27. The Q. P. W. can only be given by a W. C. T. to members of his own Lodge, or a member of another Lodge, upon the request of the Lodge to which such member belongs, or certificate of the W. C. T. or W. F. S. of his own Lodge, showing that he is entitled to receive it. Contrary to our rule, as given in sec. 32 and ex gratia^ we allow visiting members to sit in the Lodge, without the Q. P. W., upon complying with, or be- ing vouched for, as provided in Art. 11, p. 21. 30. Can a Degree Templar impart the quarterly pass- word to a Degree member? Take a case. A member, when examined at the opening of a Degree Lodge, is not in possession of the quarterly pass-word, and, consequently, is not entitled to sit in the Lodge. In the absence of the W. C. T., is the Degree Templar authorized to impart said pass-word, or must the member retire? A. A Degree Templar may give the term pass-word, in finch case, to a member of his own Lodge. — Mass., 115. This decision is erroneous. The Degree Templai 246 PASS-WORD. has no right to give the term P. W. If he had, members might obtain it, when in arrears for dues. The only authorized person to give it is the W. C. T., and a Deputy G. W. C. T. can only give it to the W. C. T., who alone is authorized to give it to the members of the Order. — (Ind., 7th s., 9. Iowa, 14th s., 30.) 31. When a Degree Lodge is open, and the W. C. T. is absent, can the W. D. T. give the P. W. to those entitled to it? if not, can such members be permitted to sit in the Degree Lodge without the P. W. ? A. The P. W. cannot be given under such circumstances, but such members may be permitted to sit in Degree Lodge or Temple ex gratia^ the same as we allow visiting members to sit in the Lodge without the P. W., upon being properly vouched for, — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 54. 32. No one has a right to sit in a Lodge, officer or member, who is not in possession of the pass-word for the current quarter, and no one has a right to this pass-word whose dues are not paid to the close of the quarter in which the particular pass-word is used. — K. W. G. T. Has- tings, 14th s., 12. 111., 9th s., 31. 33. A member whom you know to be in possession of the Q. P. W., and refuses to give it to the proper officers, cannot be permitted to remain in the Lodge. — Iowa, lOtli s., 36. 34. If a member not entitled to the pass-word is in the Lodge room without it, and refuses to go out, may he be expelled by force? A. By the "common law," a person who intrudes into a place where he has no right to be may be requested to retire, and if he refuses to do so, as much force as is necessary to remove him may be employed. This rule is neither enlarged or abridged by the rules of our Order, and our tribunals will sanction just as much force as legal PASS-WORD. 247 tribunals will justify, and no more. — G. W. C. T. White, Vt., 5th 8., 7. In Great Bend Lodge No. 4, Pa., a member o'e- fused to receive the pass-word from the W. C. T. on account of personal feeling, and still persisted in sitting in the Lodge room. The W. C. T. ordered him to retire, and upon his refusing, obtained suffi- cient force and removed him. He never prosecuted for assault and battery, and never will. Where the pass-word became generally known outside of a Subordinate Lodge in Pennsylvania, W. C. T. Chase authorized the W. C. T. of such Lodge to make and use a special P. W. and expla- nation for the balance of the quarter; and such action by G. W. C. T.'s is proper. 35. A suspended member, in possession of the Q. P. W., cannot sit in the Lodge. — Iowa, 10th s., 36. 36. Nor receive it legally.— 111., 13th s., 16. 37. A member cannot be admitted to the Lodge room on the pass-word of a previous quarter, at a meeting of the Lodge subsequent to the installation of officers, when the Lodge opened and was working under the pass-word of the new quarter. — Mass., 187. 38. It is lawful to write the pass-words, and show them to a deaf person (at initiation), and then destroy the paper. — Conn., 3d s., 28. 39. The S. has a right to demand the P. W. during recess. — Wis., 11th s., 16. 40. If the Guards of the Lodge be not in possession of the quarterly pass-word, the W. V. T. will report such fact to the W. C. T., who alone has the right to give the pass-word to members. — R. W. G. L., 19th s., 98. 41. A member of our Order has no right to give the 248 PASS- WORD. old or expired P. W. to persons not members of the Order. — Ibid. 42. A member wbo will write the P. W. on fences and buildings, and give all the unwritten work to any one asking for it, should be expelled. — Ind., 17th a., 37. 43. There is no conflict between Sections 1 and 2 of Article IV. of Constitution for Subordinate Lodges. They are to be construed together, and the first clause of Section 2 is only applicable after the term in which a member is initiated.— G. W. C T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 59. 44. The W. C. T. should always receive the T. P. W. at his installation, and wben it is changed the acting P. W. C. T. should receive it.— Id., 20th s. 45. If the W. C. T. willfully and intentionally gi^es the P. W. to a member three months in arrears, knowing such to be the fact by report of W. F. S., then in such case the W. C. T. is liable to the penalty of removal from office and suspension or expulsion, according to the act of the Lodge.— Cal., 8th s., 42. 46. The W. C. T. of a Subordinate Lodge has no right to withhold the pass-word from a member of the Lodge by order of the Lodge Deputy, but has a right to withhold the pass-word from a member who is under a charge, until the charge has been investigated and acted upon. — G. W. C. T. Walkley, Conn., 4th s., 27. 47. On the night of installation, the Lodge works under the old pass-word. — Temp. Off., vol. 4, 4. 48. We have no right to send the pass-word to members in the army. — Wis., 6th s., 8. 49. It is a violation of our laws to communicate an old pass-word to a person not a member. — Wis., 6th s., 23. 50. If a W. C. T. is advised and believes that a charge is to be preferred against a member of his Lodge for violation of the pledge, and the member pays his dues, and demands of the W. C. T. the pass-word on the even- ing when the charge is to be preferred, but before it ia PASS-WORD. 249 done, the W. C. T. is not justifiable in giving the pass* word. — Iowa, 7th s., 31. 51. Can a Lodge proliibit a member from sitting in the Lodge room, when he has the P. W., whether he be in good standing or not ? A. It can. Under certain circumstances a member is presumed to be in good standing until a charge is pre- ferred against him, and he be found guilty ; and until such decision he would have a right to remain in the Lodge (except when the vote upon his guilt or innocence is being taken, or when he should refuse to obey the W. C. T. in enforcing the rules of order). After he is found guilty, and the sentence of the Lodge pronounced against him, he is not in good standing, and has no right to be in the Lodge. — Mich., 6th s., 16. 52. It is not legal for any G. W. S. to communicate the P. W. to any Lodge not having made its quarterly re- turns.— P. G. W. C. T. Switzler, Mo., 1856, 28. For example : A Lodge not having made its re- turns for the quarter ending 1st August, shall not be furnished with the P. W. for quarter commen- cing 1st of November. 53. The Grand Lodge officers cannot withhold the P. W. from a Subordinate Lodge, when their report and dues have been put into the hands of the proper deputy. — Wis., 6th s., 42. This is erroneous. The Lodge Deputy is recom- mended by the Lodge, and may be required by the Lodge to give bonds for the faithful performance of his trust; and, though commissioned by the G. W. C. T. to act as his deputy, in the discharge of cer- tain duties, so far as pertains to the payment and transmission of dues, he acts as the agent of the Lodge, and is responsible to the Lodge for the mo- 250 PASS-WORD. ney. The P. W. may be withheld from the Lodge until the dues are received by the Gr. S., or until proper evidence is furnished that they were forwarded in some of the methods authorized by the Gr. Lodge. ' 54. None but the W. C. T., or in his absence the mem- ber acting as such, has the right to communicate the pass- word of the initiatory work. The same will apply to the Degree words, the Deputy or Degree Templar alone being authorized to communicate it. — P. G. W. C. T. Atherly, Wis., 1st s., 23. 55. The W. C. T. should give the inUidtory word in an audible voice, and it should be divided thus: The chal- lenging or testing party giving ^ * ^ and the tested party * * ^. He may divide it with the W. M. when initiating candidates, and this certainly would be good taste, but such is no part of our unwritten work. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 1863. 56. It is pronounced in full, to conform to the text of the Ritual, and in a low tone of voice, loud enough to be heard by the candidates. It is then divided. — R. W. G. T. Orne, 15th s., 9. 57. The Degree pass-words are given by the Degree Templar, when instructing candidates, in an audible voice, and also when lettered ; at all other times in a whisper. — R. W. G. T. Chase. 58. In the examination by the Marshal, at the opening of a Subordinate Lodge, both the pass-word and explana- tion should be given. — Ibid., Appeal from G. L. of Cal. 59. The test word and the initiatory word are the same. — G. T., vol. 8, 58. 60. Is the test word of our Order to be given only in the dark, or may it be given at any time ? A, It may be given whenever needed. — Wis., 6th s., 8. It is the distress word that is to be given only in the dark. PASS- WORD. 251 61. Only members having traveling cards are entitled to the traveling P. W.— 111., 67. Art. 20, By-Laws K. W. G. L. 62. A W. C. T. is authorized to communicate the trav- eling P. W. and explanation to a member of the Order in possession of a traveling card, when requested so to do by the W. C. T. of the Lodge to which the member belongs, over its seal.— P. G. W. C. T. Stewart, O. 63. The traveling pass-word expires with the year for which given. The new pass-word can be obtained by the traveling brother of any W. C. T., under the written di- rection of the W. C. T. and the seal of the Lodge to which the brother belongs. — Mass., 187. 64. The T. P. W. is changed on the first day of August each year. — O. P., vol. 1, 10. 65. Any member using the P. W., without having re- ceived it regularly from his W. C. T., is guilty of gross violation of the rules of the Order, and shall be subject to the discipline of his Lodge for such offence. — Pa., 2d 8., 9. 66. A retiring pass-word, changed every meeting, is in use in every Lodge in our Order, and cannot be omitted. A person who goes out on a retiring P. W. cannot enter on the same.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 6th s., 9. 67. The proper person to make the retiring pass-word is the W. V. T., who will each night communicate the same to the D. M. and to the G. Members, on leaviiig, will get it from the D. M. and communicate it to the G. 68. A member is allowed to remain during the evening, if he has the pass-word with which the Lodge was opened, unless excluded for other causes. The non-payment of dues the evening the pass-word is given out does not ex- clude him from that meeting, even if it be the second or third meeting of the quarter. The dues should be paid the first meeting in the quarter, but payment cannot be enforced till the new pass-word is given, and then only when the Lodge opens with it.— G. W. C. T. Titus, O., 13th s., 12. 252 PENALTY AND BESULTS. 69. A member is not subject to discipline for refusing to pay a tax assessed by the Lodge for debt incurred in procuring Degree Regalia, however bound in honor, ac- cording to ability, it cannot be legally exacted, nor is the W. C. T. justitied in withholding the pass-word on that ac- count. — Pa., 14th s., 1 4. Penalty and Results. Lodges should always exercise the greatest amount of charity in the imposition of penalties upon an offending brother. Mild but certain punishment is generally the best, and a simple reprimand from the Chair, in open session, is often more effectual than the infliction of a fine or suspension. Where there is possible hope of reform in a brother who has vio- lated his obligation, the Lodge should deal mercifully with him, always exhausting the milder means of punishment before resorting to suspension or expul- sion. But in all cases, when a first ofi'ence is of so gross a character, or has been repeated twice or thrice, so as to make a member altogether incorrigible, he should be cut off. One of our highest duties, as Good Templars, is to preserve the purity of our fra- ternity, and make the Lodge room always as sacred to morality and virtue as are our own firesides. It is here that we introduce our wives, sisters, daugh- ters, and sons, and we cannot be too vigilant in guard- ing the purity of our common altar. 1. Expulsion or suspension from a Subordinate Lodge expels or suspends from the Degree Lodge, and no sepa- rate trial or action there, is necessary. Members should be tried by their peers, hence Degree members should try Degree members. — 111., 163, PENALTY AND RESULTS. 2. If a Degree member is expelled from a Lodge, and rejoins it, it is necessary for him to be re-obligated in the Degrees, and pay the usual fees again. — Wis., 5th s., 34. 3. When a member of a Subordinate Lodge has been expelled or suspended, does that exclude such member from the Degree Lodges? if so, how is the member to be excluded from the Degree Lodges during the quarter for which he has the pass-word ? A. The Subordinate Lodge should notify the Degree Lodge of the fact of such expulsion or suspension ; and expulsion or suspension in a Subordinate Lodge expels or suspends from a Degree Lodge. — Iowa, 7th s., 26. 4. Expulsion from a Degree Temple does not work a forfeiture of the Degrees. — Conn., 4th s., 35. This decision was in the following case : Bro. W. A. Barnes was expelled from Samaritan Temple, No. 18. After his expulsion from the Temple, he visited his Subordinate Lodge, No. 49, wearing the Third Degree regalia, whereupon the Lodge expelled him for contempt, it considering that expulsion from the Temple worked a forfeiture of the Degrees. The Grand Lodge of Conn, reversed the decision of the Lodge. 5. Expulsion from a Degree Temple does not allect standing in Subordinate Lodges. — G. W. C. T. Ward, N. Y., 8th s., 12. 6. If a full Degree member, having violated his pledge, is reinstated in the Subordinate Lodge, it is necessary that such meniber be reinstated in the Degree Lodge ; and at any time before expulsion, reinstatement is consistent. — K*W..G. L., 3d s., 284. 7. It is in contravention of the terms and spirit of the obligation taken by all who become members of this Or- der, for a Subordinate Lodge to excuse a member for a violation of that obligation under any circumstances, and 2S4 • PENALTY AND RESULTS. that in all cases, some order of degree of punishment ehould be administered. — R. W. G. L., 9th s., 36. 8. Some 'penalty must always be imposed. — R. W. G. L., 9th s. III., 7th s., 31. Ind., 17th s., 37. 9. Re-obligation is not a penalty, but a necessary re- newal of the obligation, after violation. — G. W. C. T. Ball. N. Y., 3d s., 44. 10. It may be considered a punishment at the option of the Lodge for violation of Article II. — Con., Art. VIII., 8ec. 2. 11. Any member confessing his error, and asking to be reinstated, may be reinstated by re-obligation without other punishment. — Ky., 3d s., 11. 12. A promise to be more faithful in future is not a pen- alty.— 111., 9th s., 32. 13. A Lodge forfeits its charter by persistently refusing to affix a penalty for violating the obligation. 14. But is not compelled to expel, but may affix a lighter penalty.— G. W. C. T. Nichols, 111., 10th s., 10. 15. An acknowledgment in open Lodge, for a violation of Art. II., cannot be legitimately considered a penalty for such violation. — Cal., 5th s., 18. 16. In case of reinstatement after violation, re-obligation is necessary.— R. W. G. L., 3d s., 384. Pa., 13th s., 28. 17. Members re-obligated do not re-sign the Constitu- tion, unless they have been suspended and their name stricken from the roll.— G. W. C. T. Walkiey, Conn., 4th 8., 50. 18. Re-obligation is necessary only in case of violation of Art. 11.— G. W. C. T. Smith, Mo., 15th s., 40. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa,, 17th s., 56. 19. A re-obligation should be administered by the W. C. T.— P. R. W. G. T. Chase, Kas., 12th s., 60. 20. It is recommended that hereafter, in all cases of re- obligation, the additional pledge shall be required, to PENALTY AND RESULTS. 255 abandon the company of unpledged persons, and not, ex- cept when traveling or on unavoidable emergencies, to visit or tarry at taverns or drinking places. — Pa., 16th s., 41. For form of re-obligation, see under Forms. 21. Re-obligation bars the bringing of charo:es for all previous violations of Art. II. — Conn., 8th s., 20. 22. If a Lodge fail to notify a brother that he is re- quired to be re-obligated, it cannot expel him according to Sec. 6 of Art. VIII. of Constitution. He is entitled to four weeks in which to be re-obligated, after he is notified that the Lodge has voted to do so. — Ibid. 23. If a member be indefinitely suspended for violation of Art. ir., he should not be declared expelled at the ex- piration of four weeks. — Ibid. Such member should be re-obligated when the Lodge vote to strike off the suspension, or, if sus- pended for a definite time, he should be re-obligated at or before the expiration of the suspension. N. J. (4th s., 12) decides, erroneously, that a suspended member must appear for re-obligation within four weeks, or the W. C. T. shall declare him expelled. 24. When a member confesses to a violation, and asks to be re-obligated, it is necessary that the Lodge vote to re- obligate him, and the vote should be by ballot. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 59. The reason' of the above decision is to ascertain whether the Lodge is willing to have the accused re- instated, and enjoy his former status in the Lodge. 25. When a brother is suspended, definitely or indefi- nitely, for violation of Art. II., re-obligation is a neces- sary prerequisite for reinstatement. — N. J., 4th s., 13. 26. W^here the Lodge has found a member guilty of any 256 PENALTY AND KESULTS. offence, and fails to vote any penalty by the requisite ma- jority, it is the duty of the W. C. T. to administer a repri- mand to such member as a penalty, and in case the offence is a violation of Art. II., to re-obligate; and a refusal to inflict such penalty shall be deemed a misdemeanor in office.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. Cal., 12th s., 16. 27. A brother violated Art. II., and was punished by Subordinate Lodge, but refused to be re-obligated in the highest Degree attained (Third). After a lapvse of some time he applied for permission to withdraw. The L. D. decided the member not in good standing^ because he had not been re-obligated in the degrees, and consequently could not withdraw. Was he right? A, No.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 47. 28. Will the brother be obliged to be re-obligated in the liighest Degree attained before he can have any right to resign or have a clearance card ? A, No.— Ibid. 29. The natural and legitimate effect of the pledge is to restrain the individual from using intoxicating drinks. So long as he keeps the pledge he is safe. If he violates it, although the moral obligation may remain as strong as ever, the lestraining power is almost entirely removed, and each succeeding temptation finds an easy victim. If the obligation is renewed, and especially if accompanied by appropriate remarks by the W. C. T. and prominent members, the restraining power is restored, and the broth- er is strengthened to resist future temptations ; and beside, the bond of fraternal feeling and confidence between the member and the Lodge, which was broken when his pledge was violated, is again restored, and his associates can again take him by the hand and call him brother. — Wis., 7th s., 31. 30. When a person has been suspended for a violation of the Rules and By-Laws of the Order, for any length of time, such person may be admitted or restored, without being re-obligated. — Wis., 9th s., 16. PENALTY AND RESt^LTS. 257 • 31. E-e-obligation applies only to violation of the pledge. The playing of billiards in saloons is a violation of the law, but not the pledge. Ke-obligation is not necessary in such a case. — Messenger, C. W., 1867. 32. A member who has violated his obligation, cannot be reinstated in good standing in the Lodge without being re-obligated, even though some penalty mny have been inflicted upon him. — Mich., 13th s., 11. Mo., 14th s., 15. 33. A brother was charged with violation of Art. II. ; met committee appointed to investigate the charge, ac- knowledged the same, and expressed a desire to be re-obli- gated. Committee reported, recommending reprimand and re-obligation, which report was adopted. Several weeks elapsed, and the brother did not appear. Then a special committee was appointed to request the brother to come back. After a lapse of several weeks (during which time the committee reported progress and were continued) tiie brother was brought to the hall by the committee, when the W. C. T. refused to admit him, for the reason that the time for the brother to make his appearance, ac- cording to the Constitution, had expired, but stated that if any P. W. C. T. would admit the brother, he would vacate tiie chair, and allow him to do so. A motion was then made that Bro. A be requested to take the chair, which prevailed, and Bro, A ordered the brother admitted, and after being reprimanded he was re-obligated. Was the action of Bro. A right? A. Yes; although the time allowed the member to make his appearance for re-obligation, under Sec. 6, Art. VIII., had elapsed, still, as he had not been declared expelled, and the Lodge was willing and anxious to have him come back, Bro. A was right in taking the chair in response to the vote of the Lodge, which was va- cated by the W. C. T. for that purpose, and in admitting the brother for reprimand and re-obligation. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17 th s., 55. 34. When a finding of guilty is reported by a commit- tee of investigation, approved by the Lodge, and the Lodge fails to adopt the penalty, it shall then be the priv- 17 258 PENALTY AND KESULTS. ilege of the W. C. T. to administer a reprimand in open Lodge.— 111., 162. 35. But neither in tliis ease, nor when the Committee recommend a reprimand, can such reprimand be delegated, but must be given by the W. C. T. or W. V. T.— 111., 9th s., 10. 36. Where a reprimand is voted by the Lodge, re-obli- gation should be added where the offence is violation of tlie pledge. The W. C. T. may, with consent of Lodge, request the W. V. T., W. Chap, or P. W. C. T. to give the reprimand. — Temp. Off., vol. 4, 4. 37. If a Good Templar pleads guilty of violating his pledge, and his Lodge vote a reprimand, can the Lodge suspend or postpone the reprimand indefinitely ? A. They cannot; because such action would be equal to refusing to punish for violation. — G. W. C. T. Russell, Mich., 13th s., 18. 38. A member is found guilty of violation of obligation, and the committee recommend a fine and re-obligation ; the member fails to come during the time allowed by the Constitution ; is it necessary to take a vote of the Lodge to suspend or expel ? A. After the expiration of the four weeks, the W. C. T. should have declared the member ex- pelled, unless he was ready to come at once and be re-obli- gated.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 55. 39. A brother having violated his obligation can be suspended for a time, and afterward be reinstated by a vote of the Lodge and upon retaking the obligation. — Id., 16th s., 23. 40. If a member who is suspended for violation of obli- gation violate his obligation during said suspension, and charges are preferred before re-obligation, he should not be re-obligated until the second charges are disposed of. — • Wis., 16th s., 43. 41. In case of suspension for any cause^ membership cannot be resumed in another Lodge and honor retained. — E. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s., 9. PENALTY AND RESULTS. 259 Contrary to above, all our usages and the decisions of all other Grand Lodges, Colorado (6th s., 9) de- cides that members suspended and resuming mem- bership in their own Lodges by reinstatement, do not forfeit honors. 42. When a W. C. T. violates Art. II., and the Lodge determines to re-obligate him, and inflict no other punish- ment, he must be re-obligated in the Degrees, and he may then resume the discharge of the duties of his office; as it is suspension or expulsion that forfeits an office or honor, and not violation merely. In such a case he should vacate his seat when he makes his confession ; and while tlie Lodge takes action, and he is being re-obligated, the W. V. T. or some P. W. C. T. should preside. The same may be said of a L. D. violating Art. II. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 20. 43. The same with any officer. — G. W. C. T. Smith, Mo., 15th s., 41. Contrary to above^ Illinois (18th s., 42) decides that an officer, having violated Art. II., been fined and re-obligated, forfeits his office, and that he must be re-elected and re-installed. 44. If a member of a Grand Lodge violates his pledge, and is obligated in the Subordinate Lodge, without being suspended or expelled, he does not lose his standing in the Grand Lodge ; and if an officer in the Grand Lodge, he will not forfeit his office.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 9. 45. A member who, having violated his obligation, re- news it without being suspended from active membership, does not forfeit honors previously acquired. — G. W. C. T. Dillingham, N. H., 49. Pa., 18th s., 47. 46. No member can be suspended except by action of the Lodge; hence, on violating his obligation, he is not virtually suspended, and is entitled to his seat in the Lodge 280 PENALTY AND RESULTS. nntil proven guilty and suspended by the Lodge. — R. W. G. T, Chase, 6th s.*, 9. 47. Expelled members, and those having withdrawn, cannot reunite with the Order except by ballot and initia- tion, the same as new members; and all honors previously acquired are lost. — Ibid. III., 103. 48. A member suspended for a violation of the pledge for a definite period must, on being reinstated, be re-obligated; and if he refuses, his suspension continues by his ovm con- sent ; if he again violate the pledge he cannot be expelled without a trial.— G. W. C. T. M'Murray, Pa., 14th s., 14. Conn., 8th s., 20. 49. When a member has been suspended for non-pay- ment of dues, he cannot be reinstated without paying the whole amount due, but the Lodge may donate said amount if thought for the good of the Order. — Mich., 8th s., 15. Kansas, 3d s., 27. The Good Templar^ erroneously in our opinion, decides (vol. 8, 54) that a member, having remained under suspension for non-payment of dues for one ijear^ may be reinitiated. A suspended member is still under the jurisdiction of the Lodge, and it is inconsistent to initiate one who is already a member; besides, suspension for non-payment of dues is an indefinite one, removed upon payment, and if initia- tion is proper at the end of the year, it would inter- fere very much with, if not entirely thwart, the wholesome discipline of the system of suspensions. If, after a year's suspension, the member wants to come back, let him pay his dues ; if he will not do this, he is not worthy to be a member, unless too poor, when the Lodge can pay them out of its own treasury. PENALTY AND RESULTS. 261 60. A member suspended for non-payment of dues re- sumes his full membership upon the payment of his ar- rearages, without any action of the Lodge. — Iowa, 8th s., 25; G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. ; Conn., 9th s., 17. As honors previously acquired are forfeited by a definite or indefinite suspension, it behooves all members to see that they are never remiss in duty. The reason of this is, that the suspension in such cases is until his dues are paid ; hence, when they are paid, the term of his suspension expires by its own limitation. The same when the suspension is for a definite period, as for six months ; with the ex- piration of the time, ceases the suspension. But when a member's suspension is indefinite, it requires a vote of the Lodge to re-instate him. In cases of suspension, or the member remains under the juris- diction of the Lodge, if he violates his obligation, of course charges will be preferred against him; so that an unworthy member, even though he should pay his dues, would not thereby be re-instated. 51. Suspension of membership on account of non-pay- ment of dues works a suspension of dues during the sus- pension of membership. — Cal., 8th s., 42. 52. Art. 2, Sec. 8, of Pa. By-Laws means members suspended for violation of Art. 2 or obligation. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. 53. A member cannot be legally suspended for non- payment of dues without official notice from the F. S. of arrearages of six months' standing. — Pa., 13th s., 34. 54. A Lodge cannot admit a member suspended for non-payment of dues upon payment of amount of initia- tion, even if the Lodge has adopted a rule for such pur- pose, if the dues amount to more than the initiation fee. — Wis., 8th s., 6. 262 PENALTY AND RESULTS. 55. Members in arrears for dues one year and suspended, raay be expelled by a vote of the Lodge without the appoint' ment of a committee and trial, as provided in our Constitii- lion. This decision was given for the following reasons: In Lodges of long standing many members had been sus- pended for non-payment of dues, and lost all interest in our cause, and absented themselves from our Lodges. One, and in some cases, two years had elapsed, and many of them had left the localities of the Lodges to which they belonged, and many of them bringing reproach upon the Order. Although suspended, they were subject to the dis- cipline of our rules. Like the dead wood of the forest, it seemed necessary that they be trimmed out. — G. W. C. T. Giles, Wis., 8th s., 25. Kas., 10th s., 11. 5G. Above declared law in Pa., but it is necessary to give the member notice of his arrearages before expul- sion.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 59. 57. It would be constitutional for a Lodge to make a by-law expelling members for one year's arrearages. — Id. 58. If a member who has been suspended for a definite time for a violation of obligation does not appear at the expiration of the time of suspension, and pay the dues that have' accrued, and be re-obligated, can such person be ex- pelled ? A. It is the duty of the F. S., in such case, to notify the member when the time of suspension ceases, of the amount he is in arrears, and request immediate payment. If the member does not settle his accounts with the Lodge, and appear for re-obligation in two weeks from the date of such notification, he shall be expelled for contempt. — AVis., 10th s., 12. 59. If the quarterly dues of a member in Subordinate Lodge remain unpaid for four quarters, does it require a ballot of the Lodge to expel him, or is he considered ex- pelled without action of the Lodge? A, A ballot is necessary. — Conn., 4th s., 27. PENALTY AND RESULTS. 263 60. Expulsion for non-payment of dues must be by a legal vote of the Lodge— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. 61. Repeated applications are made by Lodges for the privilege of re-admitting expelled members within the three months fixed in the Constitution. If Lodges, instead 6f expelling, would suspend indefinitely, which deprives such members of all the privileges of membership, at any time when it seems desirable to restore them it could be done by a simple vote of the Lodge ; whereas, if they have been expelled, they must wait three months before they can be re-admitted into any Lodge in our Order. — Id., 16th s., 20. 62. A member six months in arrears who pays up his dues on the night of installation, prior to adoption of G. L. report, is in good standing, and his came should not appear on that quarter's neport as a suspended member. —Id., 17. 63. If a member is suspended for non-payment of dues or fines, and during the time of such suspension, is charged with violating Art. 2, Constitution, and the charge is sus- tained by the Lodge, can they fine, or extend the time of suspension ? is it not the duty of the Lodge to expel the ofiender ? A, Suspension for non-payment of dues is an indefinite suspension ; and so' far as the Lodge is concerned, a full payment of all the arrearages re-instates without any action of the Lodge. A refusal to pay a fine is contempt, and should be dealt with as such ; but during a suspen- sion for non-payment of dues, the person is subject to dis- cipline by his Lodge, for violations of his obligation, and the Lodge may fine or expel. A Lodge cannot extend the time of suspension for non-payment of dues, it having no particular duration. Nor can a Lodge suspend a mem- ber for a definite period, for non-payment of dues, and when expired give him the pass-word. — Tnd., 7th s., 7. 64. A member who has been suspended for non-pay- ment of dues, has no right to join another Lodge while so 264 PENALTY AND RESULTS. suspended, thereby obtaining the right to a seat, as a vis- itor in the Lodge having so suspended him. — Wis., 4th s., 12. 65. If a member who is suspended for non-payment of dues, violates his pledge, it is the duty of the Lodge to which he belongs, to prefer charges in the usual form, • and proceed as in other cases of violation. — Mich., 8th s., 15. 66. Has a Grand Lodge the right to say that members shall not be expelled from Subordinate Lodges for non- payment of dues? A. No ; none but Subordinate Lodges may.— E. W. G. L., 18th s., 1050. 67. When a member dies while under suspension for non-payment of dues, that death should not be included in the quarterly returns to the Grand Lodge. — Iowa, 8th 8., 8. 68. W^hat relation does a member sustain toward a Lodge, after a charge has been preferred and sustained against him ? A. In a state of suspension from the exercise of all his privileges, until the Lodge has determined the punish- ment.— Cal., 6th 8., 25. 69. A member confessing in open Lodge to a violation of obligation, is thereby so far suspended as to be deprived of taking part in the Lodge, until action can be taken on his case. And in case of such confession, charges cannot be preferred against the member for the offence involved in the confession before the Lodge take action. — G. W. C. T. Eussell, Mich., 13th s., 18. 70. A Lodge has not the right to suspend a member on a charge upon which he has been tried and found guilty, and then expel him without a trial for violations com- mitted during the period of his suspension. — G. W. C. T. Eussell, Mich , 13th s., 19. 71. G. M. M. — You submit for approval or disapproval the resolutions of your Lodge in the words following, to wit: PENALTY AND RESULTS. 265 " Resolved, That after the third violation of Art. 2d, of the Constitution of Subordinates, the offender shall invariably be expelled from the Lodge. Resolved y That this be a part of our By-Laws, and strictly enforced." While I do not believe that the adoption of the fore- going resolutions would be in positive contravention of our Constitution, yet I do not regard such legislation as wise, and therefore will dissuade you from passing them, and will give you my reasons: I am disposed to regard with pity and forbearance every poor slave of the inebriating cup. It was for the regene- ration of such, as well as for the salvation of those yet innocent, that our Order was instituted. Our Saviour did not so limit the repetitions of his forgiveness, nor would he stop the exercise of clemency at the seventh time, or even the seventy and seventh time. Our Grand Lodge, acting upon the same merciful prin- ciple, has made provision by resolution for the return to the bosom of the Lodge, of repentant offenders against Art. 2d, prescribing that the Lodge may, by a two-thirds vote, admit to the privileges of a visitor, any member who may have been suspended for violation of obligation, and who manifests contrition for the offence. Thus the hallowed influences of the Lodge room are again thrown around him, and he feels strengthened in his purposes of amendment. I would advise, therefore, that the Lodge never inflict any severer penalty for violation of Art. 2d, than sus- pension for indefinite suspension as effectually bars an erring member from the Lodge room as does " expulsion," while the way is left open and clear for extending to him a helping hand, should circumstances call for the exercise of kindness.— G. W. C. T. Campbell, Mo., 1867. 72. After the Lodge has voted to suspend a member, the motion to fix the time is debatable. — Cal., 7th s., 29. 73. A brother, expelled or suspended by a vote of a Lodge, need not be brought into open Lodge to receive the sentence. — Iowa, 13th s., 23. 266 PENALTY AND EESULTS. 74. A suspended member is not released from his obli- gation, but subject to the discipline of his Lodge ; he is not permitted to visit the Lodge during the term of his suspension, and is not entitled to any of the privileges of the Order, until he is re-instated— P. G. W. C. T. Stewart, O. 75. No action of the Lodge is necessary to expel mem- bers according to Art. 8, Sec. 6, of Constitution for Subordi- nate Lodges. The W. C. T. may and it is his duty to declare such a member expelled. — K. W. G. L., 18th s., 1050. Id., 19th s., 98. 76. Can a Lodge expel a member for violation of obli- gation, if he offers to be re-obligated within four weeks? A. Yes, a Lodge can expel a member for violation of obligation, any time it deems it best for the Order. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 77. In case of fine for violation of the obligation, the amount is fixed by the Lodge. — Can., vol. 24, 47. 78. C was a member of Lodge No. A, and was sus- pended for non-payment of dues; whilst under suspen- sion, he joined Lodge No. B. Can he do so legally ? A, He could not ; he being a member of Lodge No. A. 79. What should be done in case C should present him- self at the door of Lodge No. A as a visitor? ^. If a majority of the members present object to his admission, he cannot enter. 80. What should be done with C for imposing upon Lodge No. B? A, He should be dealt with by the Lodge. 81. Has Lodge No. B a right to the records of No. A, in case of the trial of C ? • A. They would have right of access, but no right to take them from the room, without the permission of Lodge No. A.— Iowa, 12th s., 28. 82. When a member makes open confession of a viol tion of the pledge, and the Lodge refuses to suspend • PENALTY AND RESULTS. 267 expel, a fine may be imposed by a majority vote. — G. W. C. T. Nichols, 111., 10th s., 10. 83. When neighboring Lodges are notified of the expul- gion of a member, the oflence that was the ground of expul- sion should be stated.— G. W. C. T. Giles, Wis., 1866. 84. The crime of desertion in the time of our country's peril, is a sufficient cause to justify the expulsion of a member. — Wis., 10th s., 12. 85. A brother who has been fined for signing a liquor license, as clerk of a village, tlie G. W. C. T. having de- cided that it was not a violation to sign such a license, ia entitled to have his fine remitted. — Ibid. 86. A vote of expulsion may be reconsidered before the name of the member has been erased from the Constitu- tion, but not afterward. — G. T., vol. 5, 29. 87. When a committee report, 1st, charge sustained ; 2d, in favor of a reprimand ; and, on a di\iision of the report, the Lodge adopting the first, but negativing the second, cannot then pass a resolution to suspend or expel, the subject matter not being before the Lodge. If the Lodge wished a heavier penalty, it should have amended the report of the Committee. — 111., 103. 88. A Subordinate Lodge having the following By-Law, " Members who shall practice any vicious or immoral habit, which shall injure themselves or their families, and dis- grace this Order, shall he expelled;^' a charge for violation of such By-Law must specify the character or nature of the vicious or immoral habit complained of, as a charge for "immorality'' generally, cannot be sustained under Huch a By-Law, and such irregularity would not be waived by the member charged appearing and offering evidence in defence, if he did so under protest, giving notice and filing his objections or exceptions thereto. 89. If the Committee of Investigation report guilty, and the Lodge fails to vote expulsion by a two-thirds vote, it cannot afterward vote suspension, 90. The Lodge could not, at the following meeting, 268 PENALTY AND RESULTS. upon the decision of the W. C. T., that the preceding vote of suspension was unconstitutional, by a ballot of two-thirds, vote the party charged expelled. The Lodge, by refusing to vote expulsion in the first instance, ex- hausted its power over the subject matter, and any further action could only be attained by a re-consideration of the first vote, at the same meeting. 91. In such case, however, the W. C. T., under his gene- ral power to watch over, counsel and reprove wayward members, might administer a reprimand in open Lodge. — K. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 9. (All these last four decisions are based upon the By-Law fixing the penalty to be expulsion.') 92. A brother is charged with violation of Art. 2, committee appointed, case investigated, and committee report charge sustained, and recommend expulsion. On a divifdon of the report, the Lodge adopts the fin^t portion, but reuises to expel, A motion is then made to suspend the brother for three months, his restoration to depend on his conduct during the term of suspension ; and a ballot being held, the motion is sustained, and the brother declared suspended. During suspension he is convicted of felony. Query: Had the Lodge, after refusing to adopt the committee's recommendation to expel, any right to suspend? and having suspended him, and the brother not having been re-obligated, had the Lodge any control over him as regards the felony? Ans. The Lodge had the right to suspend, after failing to secure the required vote to expel the brother; as the Constitution for Subordinate Lodges, Art. 8, Sec. 2, requires that after the accused has been found guilty, the Lodge shall fix upon some mode of 'punishment. The decision of G. L. of 111. (Sec. 87), which would seem to conflict with such view, was made long before the Uniform Constitution was adopted and under a Constitution entirely different. It would have been more in accordance with parliamentary rules to have reached the result by a reconsideration of the vote on PENALTY AND RESULTS. 269 expulsion, and then amended the report of the committee by suspension. The motion to make his re^^toration dependent upon his conduct during the term of suspension was in order, because the Lodge would have entire control over the member while suspended, and might prefer charges and expel for any offence committed during sus- pension. There is nothing in the decision of K. W. G. T. Chase (Sec. 89, 90) that conflicts with the view taken in this case. In that case (Sec. 89), as the law prescribing the punishment made it expulsion^ if the Lodge failed to expel it could not afterward vote any other punishment. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 55. 93. W. D. Kirkland was expelled from Alliance Lodge, No. 50, and appealed to Grand J^odge. The action of Subordinate Lodge was reversed^ and the brother restored to membership, *'for the reason that the records show that the testimony taken by the Committee was not presented to the Lodge after being called for ; and also that the committee reported a reprimand, while the Lodge expelled the brother, and do not show that any motion was made to amend the report of the committee.^' — Wis., 6th s., 34. 94. EesoUied, That if any member shall be expelled for the vio- lation of Art. 2 of the Cons., the members of the Lodge to which he belonged, shall be permitted to reveal such action of their Lodge, in the community, and that official notice of the same shall be forwarded to as many of the sister Lodges as maj' be deemed expedient for the good of the Order. — Pa., 13th s., 35. 95. A Lodge has a right to expel for violation of pledge, a person holding a clearance card, previous to uniting with another Lodge. — Mich., 12th s., 27. 96. Also the right to cite and try a member for violation of pledge, who is suspended for non-payment of dues. — Ibid., 28. 97. When a charge is preferred against a member, and a committee is appointed, which reports the charge sus- tained, the accused appears before the Lodge and confesses, would it be legal to proceed to fix the penalty, without voting on sustaining the charge? 270 PENALTY AND RESULTS. A, It would not —Mich., 12th s., 31. 98. Hartford Lodge, No. 12, Ky., passed a resolution, imposing a fine upon each male member, of 20 "cents, who failed to attend the Lodge two meetings in succession, without an excuse satisfactory to the Lodge. The D. G. W. C. T. decided the same unconstitutional, on the ground that it conflicts with his duties as a Christian or citizen. Was he correct? A. The facts in this case were these: A number of ladies and gentlemen of the town, not connected with our Order, had formed what they called a Literary Club, where they met once a week, and drank wine, whisky, etc., and some of the male Good Templars absented them- selves from the Lodge, for the purpose of attending the Club. In this case there is no doubt the Lodge were right in adopting and enforcing the resolution ; but irrespective of any special conduct seeming to require such penalties, a Lodge would have a clear right to fine its members for non-attendance upon its meetings. — P. R. W. G. T. Chase, 1867. 99. If a member wilfully and repeatedly violates his obligation by drinking ardent spirits as a beverage, his Lodge must expel him. — 111., 7th s., 33. 100. When a member of a Subordinate Lodge has been charged with violation of pledge, cited to appear for trial, and fails, the penalty should be inflicted for the contempt, and not the charge. — Iowa, 7th s., 26. 101. A Lodge cannot expel a Deputy for an alleged usurpation of delegated power, before the subject matter of the charge shall have been laid before the G. W. C. T. or Grand Lodge, and his Qr their action had thereon, and refusal on the part of the accused, to submit to his or their decision in the case. — 111., 1857. 102. When a Lodge ballots on a committee^s recom- mendation of charges sustained,'' that vote is final, unless duly appealed. If the recommendation is not adopted, the member is acquitted. — 111., 7th s., 33. PENALTY AND RESULTS. 271 103. If a member violates his pledge while under the jurisdiction of another Lodge, not his own, his own Lodge may request such Lodge, upon due notice to appear for trial, to affix the penalty. — 111., 7th s., 33. 104. In Missouri, for violation of Art. 2, of Constitution, but three modes of punishment are recognized by the Constitution, viz. : expulsion, suspension and fine ; conse- quently, one of the three must be inflicted, if it is proven that the accused is guilty. If the Lodge has decided not to expel or suspend, a ballot should at once be ordered to fix the amount of fine. And all votes taken in the trial of a member shall be with ball ballots. — Mo., 7th s., 5. The language of the Missouri Constitution is peculiar, thus : The Lodge shall, without motion, take the question on expulsion, and if lost, on sus- pension ; and so continue until some order of punish- ment is agreed to by a two-third vote hence this decision, differing from others. 105. It is necessary to vote by ballot to expel a member for contempt. — Wis., 9th s., 7. 106. A Lodge having decided against expulsion, and in favor of suspension, had no right to entertain a motion to make that suspension equivalent to expulsion ; nor could they, without an equal violation of parliamentary law, overleap the vote on suspension, to reach,- reconsider, and reverse, as they did, the vote on expulsion. — Mo., 1 1th 8., 7. In this ease the question on expulsion was taken and lost. Then the question on suspension was taken and carried. Next, a motion to make that suspension stand for ever was made, but withdrawn to give place to a motion to reconsider the vote on expulsion, which was accomplished, and the ques- tion again taken on expulsion, and carried affirm- atively. 272 PENALTY AND RESULTS. 107. If a member is expelled from a Subordinate Lodge, and appeals from said action to the Grand Lodge, such member is not entitled to the privileges of the Order while such appeal awaits the action of the Grand Lodge. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 14. G. W. C. T. Way, Ind., 13th 8., 7. 108. If an officer or past officer of a Grand Lodge should be expelled for any act whatever, and remove to another State, and at once become a member of a Lodge in said State, would his reception be legal, and if so, could he take a seat in the E.. W. G. Lodge without first becoming a member of the Grand Lodge of said State? Decided. — If the Lodge receiving him was ignorant that he was an expelled member, his reception would be legal so far as to make him a member of the Order, but lie would be liable to be dealt with at once, and subject to the same penalty as for any violation of his obliga- tion ; but as by his expulsion he forfeited all honors previously acquired, he could not take a seat in tlie K. W. G. Lodge, without first becoming a member of the Grand Lodge of said State.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 8th s., 7. 109. The mere preference of a charge against a Lodge of which a Grand Officer is a member, does not suspend such Officer, nor prevent him from filling and performing his duties as such Officer. 110. A Subordinate Lodge having the following Article in its Constitution, viz. : " When any commitee report the charge sustained, the offending person shall be fined, rep- rimanded, suspended or expelled, as the majority of the Lodge, at a regular meeting, may determine," would have a right to inflict both fine and suspension, or both fine and reprimand, as a penalty for the violation of obligation. The whole spirit of our laws and usages is to inflict such penalties as shall restore the offender, and work a wholesome restraint a'gainst future violations ; and if a Lodge deems the ends of justice and the object of onr system of punishment better attained by the infliction of both a short suspension and small fine, than either alonc^ PERPETUITY OF THE PLEDGE. 273 it may do so— E. W. G. T. Chase, 9th s., 9. N. Y., 8th 8., 12. 111. "When a member has violated his obligation, or any of the laws of the Order, and confesses his fault to the W. C. T., or a committee, and requests it not to be brought before the Lodge, is there any way in which it may be finally disposed of without coming before the Lodge r A member violating " his obligation or the laws of the Order,'^ has offended against and wronged his Lodge; and no other power than the Lodge can deal with the offence. — 0., 14th s., 45. Perpetuity of the Pledge. 1. The Initiatory Obligation in our Order is perpetual, but Subordinate Lodges have no control over parties withdravm from the Order. — R. W. G. L., 3d s., 284, and 4th s., 27. The question of the perpetuity of the Pledge has given rise to much earnest and able discussion in our Order, in Subordinate and Grand Lodges, as well as the R. W. Grand Lodge. Perhaps no question has elicited more feeling ; and certainly none can be more important. The pledge of total abstinence is,' after all, the essence of the whole thing; and to re- strain men from breaking it, when once made, should be our end and aim. Hence we cannot throw around our members too many safeguards, nor cherish too sacredly the pledge we take to abstain from all that can intoxicate. Around the youth, especially, is our Order designed to throw its protecting shield ; hence persons assuming the Good Templar's obligation should be fully impressed with a sense of its sacredr- 18 274 PLATFORM. ness and perpetuity — that tliey are not obligations to be taken on and laid olF at pleasure, but run parallel with the whole being, and last during our whole mortal career. Once a temperance man, always a temperance man, is the only safe principle for any of us ; but especially dangerous to him who has the habit fastened upon him, would be the idea that his pledge was only binding while it was his pleasure to ab- stain. Happily, then, our pledge is perpetual; and should we rest upon any less firm or secure basis, the very first temptation presented to the former in- ebriate would carry him far beyond the reach of mortal aid, and thus thwart the high and noble objects for which w^e are banded together. Platform. 1. Total abstinence from all intoxicating liquors as a beverage. 2. No license in any form, or under any circumstances, for the sale of liquors, to be used as a beverage. 3. The absolute prohibition of the manufacture, impor- tation and sale of intoxicating liquors for such purposes — prohibition by the will of the people, expressed in due form of law, with the penalties deserved for a crime of such enormity. 4. The creation of a healthy public opinion upon the subject, by the active dissemination of truth, in all the modes known to an enlightened philanthropy. 5. The election of good honest men to administer the laws. 6. Persistence in efforts to save individuals and com- munities from so direful a scourge, against all forms of PLATFORM. 275 opposition and difficulty, until our success is complete and universal —E. W. G. L., 5th s., 37. 7. Whereas, This R. W. Grand Lodge has repeatedly affirmed, in its platform of principles, its unalterable de- votion to the objects of prohibition ; therefore, Resolved, That, in the opinion of the R. W. Grand Lodge, the education of the people is all that is required to carry the principle triumphantly, and for this pur- pose the surest and most ready means is, for temperance men to act politically, and carry this subject immediately to the ballot-box.— R. W. G. L., 11th s., 50. 8. Whereas, There are physicians at the present day, who freely prescribe spirituous and malt liquors in their practice, contrary to the testimony of the ablest medical men and chemists of this and former times ; and Whereas, Such practices have become so prevalent that drinking habits and customs are being created and revived, under the specious and deceptive terms of tonics," panaceas," ** cordials," etc.; therefore, Resolved, That as representatives of the sentiment of the Good Templars of this continent, we cannot too strongly reprobate these customs, and disavow entirely the idea of alcohol possessing medicinal virtues, in what- ever form presented. — R. W. G. L., 10th s., 57. 9. To what does the following resolution, which was adopted by the R. W. G. L., at its last session, refer, and to what does it commit us as an Order ? Resolved, That, in the opinion of this R. "W. G. Lodge, the education of the people is all that is required to carry this principle triumphantly, and for this purpose the surest and most ready means is, for the temperance men to act politically, and carry this subject immediately to the ballot-box. A, It commits the Order to no new policy ; it simply means that, other qualifications being equal, the friends of temperance reform should be supported by temperance men, with their votes. — Cal., 6th s., 22. 276 p. W. CHIEF TEMPLARS. P. W. Chief Templars. 1. A P. W. C. T. appointed during the first quarter's existence of a Lodge, is not entitled to the honors, as no member can, in the proper meaning of the term, be a Past Worthy who has not been a Worthy Chief. — Can., vol. 6, 20. Mo., 72. 2. It is necessary for a W. C. T. to have filled a full term to entitle him to retain his honors, and become a P. W. C. T., or the balance of a term when the W. C. T. has resigned, and his successor is elected and installed for the remainder of the term. Also, that any W. C. T. resign- ing his seat cannot retain the honors and become a P. W. C. T.— Can., vol. 18, 9. N. Y., 5th s., 8. Michigan Grand Lodge has decided (6th s., 16) that an appointed P. W. C. T., at the institution of a new Lodge, is entitled to the honors ; but such de- cision is erroneous. 3. The senior P. W. C. T. of a Lodge is the one whose completed term of service as W. C. T. dates farthest back, regardless of what Lodge he raav have served in that ca- pacity.— K. W. G. T. Eussell, 19th s., 16. 4. A P. W. C. T. joining a new Lodge at its organization on clearance card is the Senior P. W. C. T, in that Lodge, as honors once acquired in Lodge are not affected by a transfer of membership on card, and no other member has vet acquired the honor in the new Lodge. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 46. E. W. G. L., 18th s., 1050. 5. In the institution of a new Lodge, the instituting officer appoints a P. W. C. T. for the current term. — Id., 44. 6. An appointed P. W. C. T. the first term of a Lodge, has no more right to preside in a Lodge in the absence of the regular officers than any Third Degree members pres* ent.— Cal., 7th s., 28. 7. Has a P. W. C. T. a right to the Chair in the ab- p. W. CHIEF TEMPLARS. 277 sence of the W. C. T. and W. V. T., he being clear on the books and in good standing, and not having received the pass-word from the W. C. T. ? Can he initiate candidates and give the pass-word under such circumstances ? A. He cannot. 8. A P. W. C. T. called to the Chair, in the absence of the W. C. T., has all the powers and privileges of the W. C. T.— Can., vol. 12, p. 46. 9. A P. W. C. T. in the Chair, by invitation, during initiation, has the right to communicate the P. W. — Q. W. C. T. Dillingham, N. H., 2d s., 35. Yes, and any other W. C. T.pro tern. 10. In case the chair of the W. C. T. becomes vacant at the close of his term of office, the acting P. W. C. T. is not entitled to hold his seat for the ensuing quarter. — Can., vol. 12, 46. 11. But the Junior P. W. C. T. present at each meeting is acting P. W. C. T. And it is the same when the W. C. T. is re-elected for one or more terms. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 55. 12. An acting P. W. C. T. cannot resign.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 45. 13. In Art. VI., Sec. 1, Sub. Lodge Constitution, the words, ^'next in seniority'' mean the one next preceding the acting P. W. C. T. 14. A P. W. C. T. is such by virtue of a constitutional provision, and an election to that office, direct, bv tlie Lodge, would be out of order.— R. W. G. T. Russell, 18th s., 982. 15. One serves a full terra as W. C. T., is re-elected, but resigns his position as W. C. T. during the second term. Would he in such case be entitled to the chair of the P. W. C. T. ? A. Yes.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 16. In case the chair of the P. W. C. T. is vacated, and there is no P. W. C. T. present, any Third Degree mem- ber can be appointed. — Ind., 5th s., 33. 278 p. W. CHIEF TEMPLARS. Yes, and if no Third Degree member is present, any member can be appointed. 17. A W. C. T., on the night of his installation, cannot appoint a P. W. C. T. for the current term, the last W. C. T. having removed from the place. — Mich., 6th s., 6. The P. W. C. T.'s chair can only be filled from meeting to meeting. It is an honorary position, and, when vaca^it, the Junior P. W. C. T. present occu- pies the Past Worthy's chair. If no P. W. C. T. is present, the W. C. T. appoints some one to fill it for the evening merely. During the first quarter of a Lodge's existence, it is filled by appointment made by the G. W. C. T. or his Deputy. 18. It is not proper for the P. W. C. T. to recognize the salutation of a member on entering, who is without re- galia; nor should he ever recognize more than one mem- ber at a time.— R. W. G. T. Hastings, 13th s., 9. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 19. Mich., 14th s., 42. 19. What is meant by that portion of the P. W. C. T.'s duties in the Ritual, contained in the words, " and see that members are properly clothed in regalia" ? Does this necessarily refer to the kind of regalia, as Second or Third Degree, G. L. or R. W. G. L. regalia, or the initials on such regalia? A. The words "properly clothed," evidently mean clothed in the regalia the person saluting, has a right to wear as a Good Templar.— R. W. G. L., 19th s., 102. 20. A P. W. C. T. is a recognized officer of the Subor- dinate Lodge, and is liable to be fined as other oflScers. — R. W. G. T. Orne, loth s., 9. 21. A visiting member, being admitted by the G. un- challenged, without giving his name and the name and number of his Lodge, is it proper for the P. W. C. T. to challenge him when the visitor presents himself with the Balutation ? p. W. CHIEF TEMPLARS. 279 A, Strictly and legally speaking, it is, but we are dis- posed to criticise the taste of doing it, as it would gener- ally result in great embarrassment to the visitor. After the visitor has taken a seat, the P. W. C. T. can go and greet him, and quietly ascertain the facts which should have been given to the Guard. — P. E. W. G.JT. Chase, 1868. 22. It is right to salute the W. C. T. upon entering the Lodge when the P. W. C. T. is out.— Conn., 3d s., 28. 23. A P. W. C. T. having withdrawn from a Lodge, and at the next meeting his name not having been stricken from the roll, asked permission to withdraw his resigna- tion from the Order, which was granted by the Lodge, ileld that the Lodge acted correctly, and the P. W. C. T. can retain his seat as P. W. C. T. In permitting him to withdraw his resignation from the Order the Lodge treated him as though his membership had never ceased, and of course he forfeited none of his honors. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 20. 24. Where there is a by-law requiring officers to ask permission of the W. C. T. if they wish to retire from the Lodge during session, it is the duty of the P. W. C. T. acting to ask such permission. The Ritual and usages of our Order recognize and make necessary the position of P. W. C. T., and the person fill- ing it, whether a P. W. C. T. or member, is called the acting P. W. C. T., and, as such, has certain prescribed duties, and is clothed with all the authority necessary for the successful discharge of such duties. During the session of the Lodge he, alike with all the officers of the Lodge, is subject to a by-law whicli forbids officers retiring from the Lodge, previous to its close. P>en in the absence of a by-law upon the subject, neither the P. W. C. T. nor any officer has a right to retire dur- ing the session without the consent of the W. C. T. The presiding officer of any organization is made re- sponsible for the success of its meetings ; and the corps of officers are but so many agents to assist him in the dis- QUALIFICATION OF OFFICERS. charge of his duties. Each position in a Lodge room has Bome duty assigned to it, the prompt and faithful discharge of which is essential to the efficient working of such Lodge. For any officer or person acting in any position of trust in a Lodge room to leave during a session without the consent of the W. C. T., whose eyes should ever be on the whole Lodge, is an act of discourtesy toward that offi- cer, a breach of all correct rules of parliamentary law, and would mar greatly the beauty and harmony of the workings of the Lodge, and hence endanger the success of our organization. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 17. 25. A charge was preferred against a P. W. C. T. for non-performance of duty, in not preferring a charge against a brother, when applied to by a member of the same Lodge, and he was suspended. The Grand Lodge reversed this action, on ground there is no law of our Or- der requiring a P. W. C. T. to prefer a charge, when, in his opinion, the good of the Order does not require it. — 111., 8th s., 48. 26. A P. W. C. T. who is ex officio prosecutor, cannot act as one of the Committee of Investigation. — Ibid, Qualification of Officers. 1. A member belonging to, or serving upon a standing committee for one or more regular terms, is not thereby made eligible to the office of W. C. T. ; a committee not being a subordinate office in a constitutional sense. — Pa., 3d3.,20. Ind., 7th s., 9. 2. A member gaining honors in one Lodge, and trans- ferring membership to another, does not forfeit those honors while his standing remains good. — P. G. W. C. T. Huwley, Wis., 2d s. a. s., 19. Hence, a member having served the constitution- ally required time in a subordinate office, in one Lodge, and having transferred his membership to QUALIFICATION OF OFFICERS. 281 another, is eligible to the office of W. C. T., without any previous service in a subordinate capacity, upon his producing satisfactory evidence to the Lodge of such service. 3. The office of Trustee is not snch an office as would entitle one to the office of W. C. T. — Ind., 7th s., 12. 4. A member is not eligible to more than one office at one time. — Wis., 4th s., 31. 5. All officers can hold their office as long as the Lodge chooses to elect them. — Wis., 6th s., 22. 6. The office of F. S. and W. T. cannot be filled by the same member. — 111., 8th s., 12. 7. The Grand Lodge of California adopted the follow- ing, as an addition to Sec. 5 of Art. 6, of Constitution of Subordinate Lod<;es: "No male member shall be eligible to the office of W. C. T. or W. V. T., who is under 20 years of age; and no female shall be eligible to said office, who is under 16 years of agje.'' 'rtie adoption of this amendment was appealed from, on the ground that the R. W. G. Lodge gives Subordinate Lodges the right to receive into full membership persons who have attained to the age of 12 years; that old and young, male and female, are granted the same privileges, and are eligible to any office. The action of the Grand Lodge of California in this case is sustained. Grand Lodges have full power to pre- scribe the age at which, and terms upon which, members shall hold office. The usages of the Order only fix the least minimum age of eligibility to membership at twelve years. Grand Lodges may and do, in many cases, if not most, fix it above that age; they could not below. Many Grand Lodges, with the approval of the R. W. G. L., liave made a distinction between the sexes, fixing the minimum age of male, say at seventeen, and female, say at fifteen years. If they can do this, there is nothing to prevent their making the attainment of a ceriain age a qualification for office.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 9th a., 10. 282 QUALIFICATION OF OFFICERS. 8. Only officers wlio serve to the end of a term (no matter when elected), are entitled to the honors of the office. Officers who resign can claim no honors. — Ibid. 9. The term of service required under Sec. 2, Art. V., is to be construed in consonance wdth Sec. 4, Art. V. : hence tlie member holding the office at the close of the term, has served ''one term,'^ within the meaning of ihe Con- stitution, and hence eligible to W. C. T. or W. V. T. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 45. 10. If a person not eligible to the chair of W. C. T., from the fact that he has not held any other office, should be elected, installed and serve through the term, would such service render him eligible for the succeeding term? A. Yes. Having been installed, he becomes entitled to the office, and having served through the term, is entitled to the honors of the office.— G. W. C. T. Nichols, 111., 18th s., 8. 11. Only G. L. officers, Past officers, Representatives and Past Representatives are eligible to office in a Grand Lodge.— R. W. G. L., 957. 12. In Art. 5, Sec. 2, where the word "term" is used, it means full term ; hence where a Lodge was instituted on the first Tuesday in May, 1868, that Section takes effi?ct for the quarter commencing May 1st, 1869. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 19. 13. Is it necessary for a member of our Order to apply and pay for the degrees previous to election, in order to render him eligible to the office of W. 0. T. or W. V. T.? A, It is not, unless it is a positive provision of the Constitution of the Lodge where the question arises that he should do so. 14. Can he apply for and take the degrees after election and be installed? A, Yes, if there is no constitutional provision in the way, and there is time and opportunity for him to do so.^ Before electing a person to either of these offices it REGALIA. 283 should be understood that there is time and opportunity for applying for, and having the degrees conferred before the time for installation, and that the person, if elected, will procure the degrees. 15. What construction shall we place upon Art. 10, page 95, Chase's Digest, 6th ed.? A, Construe in harmony with the decision given above. The decision in the Digest says a person who has applied and paid for the degrees, and not taken them, may be elected, etc., but it does not say that they cannot be elected unless they have applied and paid for them. I understand the essential thing to be that tlie person must be in legal possession of the degrees at the time they are required to be installed into office. — R. W. G. T. Hastings, 14th 8., 11. Regalia. 1. The Rosette of our Order is the same upon all Re- galia, whether Initiate, Degree, Grand Lodge or R. W. Grand Lodge ; hence, initiate members are entitled to wear the same Rosette as the highest officer in our Order. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 11. 2. All Subordinate Lodges must have some kind of regalia, and a simple rosette is not a regalia. — Wis., 2d s. a. s., 18. 3. A scarf is not a regalia.— G. W. C. T. Carr, 111., 13th 8., 16. 4. It is not proper or right to sit in Lodge during ses- sions, without wearing proper regalia. — 111., 9th s., 32. 5. A G. W. C. T. or W. C. T. has no right to permit a member to sit in his Lodge with any other regalia (in whole or part) than that prescribed by R. W. G. Lodge. The penalty for non-performance of duty in this respect, is, he is liable to charge and such punishment, if con- victed, as the Lodge directs.— Mass., 187. 284 REGALIA. 6. When a member is sitting in Lodge without regalia, the P. W. C. T. should instruct the Marshal or Deputy to furnish the member with it. — G. W. C. T. Brandt, Iowa, 18th s., 7. 7. A brother enters a Lodge with his regalia slung on his arm, salutes, is recognized and takes his seat, la thia correct ? A. No.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 44. 8. Has a W. C. T. a right to compel a member to wear the regalia over the shoulders? A. The shape of our regalia and usage indicate how it should be worn, and the W. C. T. has the right to compel members to wear it in such usual manner. — Id., 46. 9. When officers' regalia is placed at the seats before the Lodge is called to order, officers entering afterward should put on private regalia, until recognized by the P. W. C. T., and then change on arriving at their seats. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 10. Is a member, sitting in the Lodge room, refusing or neglecting to put on regalia, entitled to vote or take part in the proceedings of the Lodges; and would a bal- lot, taken when a number of the members are not clothed, be legal ? A. Legally, this question should be answered in the negative ; yet there are times when a Lodge has no regalia, and this should be an exception. If the Lodge has regalia, every member being allowed to take his seat, should put one on. The duty of the W. C. T. and W. V. T. requires them to see that all members, before taking part in pro- ceedings, should be properly clothed. — Iowa, 8th s., 38. IL It is not proper for Good Templars to appear on public occasions, clothed in regalia, except by permission of the G. W. C. T. or his Deputy, except on funeral occa- sions, when tlie action of the Lodge should govern. — Wis., 7th s., 8. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. 12. It is right and proper to wear our regalia on all funeral occasions of our deceased members, if not contrary REGALIA. 285 to the wishes of the friends of deceased. — N. Y., 1st s., 21. 13. When worn on funeral occasions, it should be draped in mourning. — G. W. C. T. Chase, JPa., 20th s. 14. Third Degree Regalia, fully trimmed, is a purple collar of the required shape and size, trimmed with the rosette and gilt lace and fringe. It may, however, have additional trimming, such as embroidery, stars and tassels, at the option of the wearer. The words, " the quality and amount of trimming shall be left to the taste or option of Lodges or members," in last paragraph of Sec. 5, Art. 18, K. W. G. L. By-Laws, refer to all of that section which precedes them. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 55. 15. Can Degree members be compelled to wear initi- atory regalia in Subordinate Lodge ? A. All members can be compelled to wear initiatory regalia in Subordinate Lodge if they have no other. — Ibid. 16. Can officers of Subordinate Lodge wear Degree re- galia with the title of their subordinate office on the left breast? A. They cannot. — Ibid. 17. Has a W. C. T. a right to wear a Third Degree re« galia while occupying the chair in Subordinate Lodge? A. Strictly speaking, not. The proper regalia for sub- ordinate officers being scarlet, with lace or fringe, any member, to whatever Degree he may have attained, hold- ing a subordinate office, should be clothed in the regalia of the office. Sec. 5, Art. 18, R. W. G. L. By-Laws, ap- plies to members, not officers. — Ibid. 18. Officers of Degree Temples may wear stars upon their regalia ; it is not necessary. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 16. 19. The regalia of Grand Lodge members shall bear TWO stars on each side, with a wreath on the left side in- closing the initials of office and a wreath on the right side inclosing the number of Subordinate Lodge. The officers* regalia to bear three stars on each side with a wreath on the left side inclosing the initials of office, and on the 286 REGALIA. right side a wreath inclosing the initials of the State.— Conn., 4th s., 36. 20. No one shall be allowed to sit in this Grand Lodge without appropriate regalia. — Id. 21. A Third Degree member of a Subordinate Lodge, not a member of Grand Lodge, has no right to wear a Grand Lodge regalia. — Mass., 215. 22. Has a Subordinate Lodge a right to pass the follow?- ing resolution ? Besolved, That hereafter, for the preservation of the regalia, the M. be directed to collect the regalia during the singing of the closing Ode. A. No ; but a Lodge might pass and execute a resolu- tion that the regalia should be collected by the M. directly after the closing service by the C. and before the gavel sounds the adjournment, and the W. C. T. can hold the Lodge standing until the regalia can be collected. — G. W. 0. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 56. 23. A resolution was passed in a Lodge to procure thirty pieces of Degree regalia. The object was to have a uniformity of Third Degree regalia, and also to get them cheaper by the quantity, as each one was to pay for his own. Two weeks after the resolution was passed, and the minutes adopted, the L. D. declared the resolution out of order, and of no effect. Is not his decision out of order, and the resolution legal ? A, Yes. — Ibid. 24. Where a Subordinate Lodge has surrendered or forfeited its charter, the Grand Lodge has no right to the regalia of such Lodge, purchased by them, independent of the Grand Lodge; and any demand from a Grand Lodge officer upon a Subordinate Lodge having so sur- rendered or forfeited its charter, is without authority. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 5tli s., 18. 25. Nor has it any control of any of its property, other than the Rituals and Cards, containing the priv.ate work. — R. W. G. T. Hastings, 14th s, 12. REPRESENTATIVES. 287 Representatives. 1. It ifl the number of members belonging to a Lodge at the time of the election of Representatives, and not the number at the time of meeting of the Grand Lodge, that determines the number of votes in this Grand Lodge. — Mich., 12th s., 35. 2. A Lodge cannot withdraw the credentials of a Repre- sentative or Alternate, so long as he remains a member of that Lodge. — Ibid. 3. A Subordinate Lodge has no power to revoke the credentials of a Representative to the Grand Lodge, be- fore the year for which he was elected, if he continues a member in good standing. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th 8., 12. 4. Representatives in our Order cannot appoint sub- Btiiutes. — Wis., 5th s., 42. 5. Nor can a Subordinate Lodge authorize them to do 80.— Mich., 8th s., 16. 6. A member of a Subordinate Temple (Lodge) may represent, as proxy, two Temples in the county in which he resides, in this Grand Temple, even though he is not a member of either of them. — Can., vol, 20, 59. The Uniform Constitution, Art. 1, Sec. 5, for- bids this. 7. If, for any cause, the post of Representative becomes vacant, and the Constitution of the Grand Lod^ije provides no way in which to fill the vacancy, the G. W. C. T., G. W. C. and G. W. S., may fill such vacancy, and proof of that fact shall entitle the Representative so appointed to a seat in the R. W. G. L.— R. W. G. L., 12th s., 40. 8. The construction of the clause in Art. 1, Sec. 5, G. L. Constitution (ante 30), " If the Lodge fail to elect its representatives at the regular time, or if vacancies, or a Lodge is entitled to additional representatives previous to any session, an election may be had at any regular meet- 288 REPRESENTATIVES. ing within four weeks of puch se.^sion," is that such eleo- i'uin must take place within four weeks or during the twenty-eight days next immediately preceding tlie session, and at no other time. — R. W. G. L., 791. 9. A Representative, who is also a Grand Officer, can only cast one vote in the character of Representative, and not two — one as Representative and one as Grand Officer. — R. W. G. L., 877. 10. A person elected Representative to G. L. is not en- titled to any privileges of G. L. members until after he has taken the G. L. Degree, nor even to wear the regalia of a member of the G. L. — Conn., 6th s., 47. 11. Subordinate Lodges have power to elect one substi- tute or proxy for each Representative to the Grand Lodge; but the substitutes cannot be admitted to seats in the Grand Lodge, except in the absence of the principals. — G. W. C. T. Hastings, Wis., 7th s., 7. Conn., 4th s., 45. Pa., 13th s., 34. 12. If the regular Representative is not present at the opening of the G. L., and the alternate receives the Grand Lodge Degree, does the regular Representative, on his ar- rival, assume the functions of his office and disqualify the alternate from acting? A. When an alternate Representa- tive is admitted and qualified, which can only be done in the absence of the regular Representative, he becomes the Representative in name and fact, and is clothed with all the powers of a Re})resentative ; and when the regular Representative arrives, he assumes none of the functions of the Representative, and does not disqualifv such alter- nate from acting.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 56. 13. If a Representative leaves before the close of the sessions of Grand Lodge, his alternate, who is already a member of this body, takes his place until the close of the session, provided said Representative has the consent of the Grand Lodge so to leave. — Conn., 9th s., 44. 14. A regular Representative to the Grand Lodge failed to be present at the Grand Lodge session in 1870, a,nd an REPRESENTATIVES. 289 alternate was present and qualified in his place. In 1871, the said regular Representative attends the Grand Lodge session, and demands the Grand Lodge Degree on the ground of being a Past Representative, which was refused by the G. W. C. T., but overruled by the Grand Lodge. The R. W. G. L. sustained G. W. C. T. and reversed the Grand Lodge.— R. W. G. L^ 18th s., 982. 15. A Subordinate Lodge increasing its membership during the quarter in which a session of the Grand Lodge is held, so as to entitle it to an additional Representa- tive to the number to which it was entitled at its last quarterly report, and selects such Representative four weeks before the session of the Grand Lodge, is such Lodge required by our laws to pay an increase of dues to the Grand Lodge before the end of the quarter, to entitle such additional Representative to a seat in tlie Grand Lod^e.. A. No.— Id., 1050. 16.. When the Constitution requires a biennial election of Representatives to the Grand Lodge, the status of membership in the Subordinate Lodge which governs the election, must continue to determine the number of repre- sentatives to which the Lodge is entitled during the next two years.— R..W. G. T. Russell, 18th s., 984. II. The Gj-and Lodge of Missouri, at its annual, session in 1870, a/ioptedjhe Uniform Code. Under the previous Constitution, it was provided that Representatives to the Grand Lodge shouId.be elected at least thirty days before the anmiai session, to serve for one year. A special ses- sion i& contemplated. Would a new election of Repre- sentatives be necessary for such session ; and, if not, what law would govern the choice of Representatives in new Lodges organized since the annual session ? The Representatives chosen for one year,, under the old Constitution, would continue as the Representatives of their respective Lodges at the special session. Lodges organized since the annual session would elect Representa- tives in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 5, Art. I, of the Constitution for Grand Lodges. 19 290 REPRESENTATIVES. (2.) Will a Lodge organized previous to the last annual Bession, and which has been reduced in membership since that time, lose any portion of its representation at the special session ? A. No.— R. W. G. T. Orne, 899. 18. A Subordinate Lodge, instituted but four days pre- \vious to the session of the Grand Lodge, has a right to he represented in said Grand Lodge. — Wis., 4th s., 23. Yes, and if instituted only one day prior to such session of the Grand Lodge, unless otherwise pro- vided for in G. L. Constitution. 19. The expenses of the Grand Representatives to R. W. G. L. shall be paid by the Grand Lodge which they represent. The bills for such expenses shall be audited by the R. W. G. L., and the amount thus audited shall be credited to the Grand Lodge represented, on the annual tax due from such Grand Lodge to the R. W. G. L., pro- vided that no Grand Lodge shall be credited, in any one year, an amount larger than the annual tax due the R, W. G. L. for such year.— R. W. G. L., 8th s., 20. 20. Third Degree Members, who have not passed the chair of W. C. T. or W. V. T., are eligible to seats in a Grand Lodge, and to hold office, and all members of a Grand Lodge, whether Representatives or not, may hold office.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th 9. That is, provided the Grand Lodge Constitution does not make passing the chairs a requisite for a seat in such body. 2L In case a regularly chosen Representative to the R. W. G. Lodge, was a member of a Lodge forfeiting its char- ter, if he was one of the offending members, he would be out of the Order in the condition of an expelled member, with all honors forfeited. If, on the other hand, he op- posed the improper action of the Lodge, and sustained the principles of the Order, and took the earliest opportunity RITUAL. 291 to unite with Pome other Lodge, he would retain all his honors, including the right to act as a Representative to the R. W. Grand Lodge, he having the certiticate from the G. vS., provided by the law of the Order —R. W. G. L., 12th 8, 9. For form of Certificate, see under Forms. 22. The authority of Delegates from Subordinate Lodges to a convention called for the purpose of organizing a Grand Lodge, ceases at the close of the session of such organized Grand Lodge, and the Subordinate Lodges within such jurisdiction should elect Representatives regu- larly for the next session of such Grand Lodge. The Delegates to conventions called for the purpose of organiz- ing Grand Lodges are frequently informally chosen, and as soon as a Grand Lodge is acting under a regularly adopted Constitution, Representatives should be chosen in accordance therewith.— P. R. W. G. T. Chase, 1865, to G. W. S. of N.Y. Ritual. 1. No form laid down in the Ritual as a portion of the initiatory ceremony, can be omitted, where such form conflicts with the religious or conscientious convictions of the candidates. Our forms are not intended to conflict with any religious or reasonabfe conscientious convictions, and our only safety as an order lies in their careful pres- ervation. If a candidate may object to a certain form, from conscientious convictions, a whole Lodge may do the same, and by a deliberate vote, omit it altogether. Con- victions may be, al-so, hostile to other forms, and each may be omitted, one by one, by different candidates and Lodges, until all the forms prescribed by the Ritual are entirely disregarded. -R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 11, N. Y., 6th s., 8. Neb., 1872, Can., vol. 23, 74. 2. A Lodge cannot abridge the initiatory ceremonies, 292 SECRETARY. nor can it dispense with all or any part of the opening or closing ceremonies. — R. W. G. L., 18th s., 1055. 3. Our Constitution requires a strict observance of the system of arrangement laid down in the Eitual. — Can., vol. 19, 41. 4. The Ritual of our Order cannot be nsed in opening public temperance meetings. — Can., vol. 12, p. 13. 5. A Lodge forfeits its Charter when it strikes from the Ritual or pledge the word cider. — 111., 7th s., 32. Can., vol. 14, 13. 6. A committee appointed to draft a new Ritual, made a report, in which they had stricken out one Degree entirely; and the question being on the adoption of the report, R. W. G. T. Chase decided, that, under Art. 1, Sec. 5, of our Constitution, it would require a four-fifths vote to adopt the report and make it the Ritual of the Order. An appeal was taken from this decision, on ground that the appointment of the committee was con- stitutional, the R. W. G. T. having previously decided that the minutes showed a unanimous vote on the appoint- ment of the committee ; and on call of the yeas and nays, the decision of the R. W. G. T. was reversed by the Lodge. — R. W. G. L., 5th s. 7. A candidate refusing to answer the question, " Do you believe in the existence of Almighty God?" or answering the same in the negative, must retire from the ante-room, and cannot beccftue a member of our Order. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 9th s. 8. It is a violation of our obligation to show the con- tents of our Rituals and Degree books to outsiders. — R. W. G. T. Hastmgs, 14th s., 12. Secretary. 1. A Secretary of a Lodge has been accused of taking from the file or archives of his Lodge a resolution (the SECRETARY. 293 original copy) which had been adopted, and to which he was opposed, and showing it to other Good Templars, not members of the same Lodge, making inquiries about its authorship; and in the ante-room of another Lodge room in the presence of a number of visitors ; accusing the person who offered it of not being the author. Can a charge be legally brought against the S. ? A. A charge can be legally brought, but we very much doubt whether it could be sustained. The S. is made the custodian of all files and papers belonging to the Lodge, so that it is no offence to take a paper out of the file; and his accusing the person who offered it of not being its author, could not be considered as wrong, for members frequently offer resolutions, of which they are not the author. Such conduct is certainly highly improper in a 8., but we are not prepared to construe it a violation of the Good Templar's obligation.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 16. 2. If the S. of a Lodge resigns, does the assistant fill the oflice until the close of the term, or should a new election be held to fill the vacancy? A, A new election should at once be held. The assist- * ant acts only during a temporary absence of his principal. The Constitution says he shall act under the direction of the S,, who is responsible for his acts. — G. T., vol. 6, 42. 3. In case of a called special meeting, the S. being absent, the A. S. should sign the call. — Ind., 5th s., 33. 4. The office of A. S. does not become vacant by the re^iignation of the S. — Mich., 7th s., 27. 5. Nor D, M. by resignation of M. — 0., 15th s., 46. 6. A W. C. T. cannot appoint a S. to serve during the term. — Mich., 6th s., 14. Nor any elective officer. His appointments can only be for the evening, and from meeting to meet- ing, until the vacancy is filled by the Lodge. 294 SUBORDINATE LODGES. 7. It is not the duty of the W. S. to furnish an expelled member a copy of the proceedings, before a Committee of Investigation, or any part thereof. — G. W. C. T. White, Vt., 6th s., 8. This decision is erroneous. The Secretary is in duty bound to furnish certified copies of such parts as may be necessary to the expelled member, in preparing his appeal, if he wishes to' take one. 8. When a Lodge orders the payment of a debt, and the S. refuses to make out and sign a warrant, what should the Lodge or creditor do in the premises? A, The S. is the servant of the Lodge, and if he refuses to sign its lawful warrants, he may be dealt with for con- tempt.— Cal., 6th s., 22. 9. It is proper for the S. of the Subordinate Lodge, in the minutes, to report the fees for the Degrees, along with other collections of the evening. — Ibid., 25. 10. Can a member who is acting as Secretary pro ttm, of a Subordinate Lodge, be fined for non-performance of his duty? A, Yes; if he accepts the responsibilities of the oflSce, he must conform in all respects to its requirements. — CaL, 5th s., 16. 11. A Secretary pro iem. has the authority to sign orders on the Treasurer.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. Subordinate Lodges. 1. All sessions of Subordinate Lodges shall open and close with prayer. — K. W. G. L., By-Law, Art. 17. 2. All the business of Subordinate Lodges must be done in the initiatory degree. — R. W. G. L., 9th s., 33. 3. Subordinate Lodges have no right to pass resolutions of censure upon a Grand Lodge officer, though for the SUBORDINATE LODGES. 205 removal of such, and state their reasons for it, confining them to the facts. For instance, a Lodge petitions the (j. W. C. T. to remove a Deputy, stating that he neglects to install their officers; but they would have no right to give as a reason, he had violated his pledge. If such were the fact, a charge should be preferred in a constitu- tional wav ; and the Grand Lodge officer properly tried. — K. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 8. • 4. A Lodge has the right to expel by force, if necessary, a person from the Lodge or ante-room who has no right there— Wis., 10th s., 23. 5. A Subordinate Lodge has no authority to pass a resolution that no action be taken in cases of drinking Kweet cider, and any Lodge doing so forfeits its Charter. —Ibid. 6. Subordinate Lodges have the right to remit fines and penalties which they may have imposed on any of its members at the same or any subsequent meeting. — Wis., 2d s., 18. 7. A Subordinate Lodge, at its regular meetings, may dispense with calling any or all of its Orders of Busi- ness," as to each Lodge belongs the right to transact its business, in its own way, provided it complies with the Constitution, and also has the power to regulate its own Order of Business. — Iowa, 8th s., 37. 8. Lodges have no right to draw orders now for services to be rendered hereafter. — 111., 1857. 9. A Subordinate Lodge has no right to strike out part ,of an official decision rendered by the G. W. C. T. or his deputies, and order the residue to be filed. — P. G. W. C. T. Atherly, Wis., 1st s., 22. 10. A Lodge cannot change or remove from its Char- tered location-except by dispensation from G. W. C. T. — Can., vol. 9, 13. 11. A Lodge or member of a Lodge, believing a sister Lodge is pursuing a course detrimental to the security 296 SUBORDINA;rE LODGES. and well-being of the Order, may visit such Lodge, and, if permitted, shall speak kindly of such matters; and if not permitted, or if such Lodge refuse to take action, then such parties should lay proper information before the Deputy. — Ibid. 12. When a Lodge, through its officials, insults another Lodge, it is right for the offended Lodge to pass resohitions declaring that no official intercourse shall take place until the offending Lodge shall make the apology for the offence. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17 th s., 60. 13. A Lodge cannot suspend a By-Law for one even- ing. — Id., 61. 14. When a Lodge has suspended, a new Lodge cannot legally hold any property of the old Lodge which may have come into its possession.^ — Wis., 9th s., 17. 15. Prior to the revocation or surrender of its Charter, a Lodge cannot so dispose of its ]:)roperty as to prevent its regular and constitutional working. — Conn., 6th s., 46. 16. Can a Lodge whose Charter is revoked, and it refuses to give it up, and continues working as before, appeal to the Grand Lodge? A. No. When the Charter of a Lodge is revoked by the Executive Committee, the Lodge should cease working and surrender it, then appeal may be taken to the Grand Lodge. A Lodge which is in rebellion to the authority of the Grand Lodge forfeits all rights to appeal by its insubordination. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa. 17. When a new Grand Lodge has been organized, Subordinate Lodges under its jurisdiction cannot longer retain their connection with the R. W. G. Lodge, but must come under the Grand Lodge. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 13. 18. When a Lodge is organized, a person who is a member of another Lodge need not become a member of this one newly organized because it is the nearest one to his residence. — Iowa, 7th s., 32. SUBORDINATE LODGES. 297 19. A Subordinate Lodge can suspend its regular meet- ings for a time, provided it pays its regular dues to the Grand Lodge for the same time, by dispensation of G. W. C. T. or Grand Lodge. — Iowa, 7th s., 32. 20. A Lodge cannot suspend its regular meetings for religious or any other meetings, so long as there is a quorum of its members that desire to continue them. A Lodge can adjourn to meet at any place they choose, while their regular place is occupied by other meetings. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 21. The city of H contains about forty thousand inhabitants and three Lodges of Good Templars. No. 1 meets on Monday evening, No. 2 on Wednesday evening. No. 3 on Friday evening; No. 4 is Chartered and in- stituted, and its members agree to hold their meetings on the same evening with one of the other LodgCvS. Has the Grand Lodge or its Executive Committee any authority to compel the Lodge No. 4 to change its meetings so as to be held on Tuesday, Thursday or Saturday evenings? No.— K W. G. T. Orne, 815. 22. A Lodge receiving to membership, members of an- other Lodge, under charges in their own Lodge, and after the receiving Lodge has been notified of such charget*, forfeits its Charter. — Wis., 11th s., 17. 23. Albion Lodge, No. 215, Wis., was suspended by G. W. C. T. Giles, for refusing to inflict penalties for violation of our pledge and obligations, and for excusing members for such violation. The G. L. sustained the G. W. C. T., and took their Charter from them. — Wis., 11th s., 20. 24. A Subordinate Lodge cannot trv a D. K. W. G. T. or a D. G. W. C. T. for " a breach of official duty." A Lodge can appeal from the decision of a Deputy to the R. W. G. T. or G. W. C. T., as the case may be, or they can ask for his removal, setting forth the grounds upon which it is asked. For a violation of his pledge, or of any of his obligations as a Good Templar, the Lodge of which he is a member alone can try him. For his 298 SUBORDINATE LODGES. official acts as Deputy, he is amenable solely to the one from whom he gets his commission, or to the R. W. G. Lodge, or Grand Lodge with which his principal is con- nected.--R. W. G. T. Plastings, 13th s., 9. 25. How is a Subordinate Lodge to know whether it may not be in contempt to the Grand Lodge? Should said Lodge be notified, and by whom ? A. Contempt signifies the act of despising — a disregard of authority, or treating a thing as mean. When, therefore, a Subordinate Lodge treats official papers or documents and decisions of the G. W. C. T., communications from the G. Yi. S., or Rules and Laws of the Grand Lodge with disrespect, refusing to entertain them, or rejects them by refusing to obey and submit to the proper authority of tiie Grand Lodge in any way, said Lodge is in contempt. Also, by refusing to submit to the decisions of the L. D., when appeals are referred to him, it is in contempt. When a Lodge shows contempt, the L. D. should imme- diately notify the G. W. C. T. of the fact, so that he may take proper action in the matter, by officially notifying said Lodge, that it is in contempt to the Grand Lodge. — G. W. C. T. Ball, K Y., 2d s., 7. 26. Does an amendment to the By-Laws made by a Subordinate Lodge become a law before it has been sent to the Grand Lodge ''for correction and approval"? A. If it does not conflict with the Constitution either of the Subordinate or Grand Lodge, it becomes a law as soon as made, but is liable to be set aside by the Grand Lodge, if not approved by it. — G. W. 0. T. White, Vt., 5th s., 6. 27. Lodges should be called by the name of their locality, so far as practicable. — Ind., 12th s., 24. 28. A Subordinate Lodge may pass a resolution not to deal with or patronize any person who is opposed tg temperance; but its enforcement would, we think, be impracticable. — Ibid., 31. SUBORDINATE LODGES. 299 29. Business transacted by a Lodge which is in part officered by persons not legally members, is legal ; as the mistake of a Lodge on one point ought not, and will not vitiate all their proceedings. — Iowa, 14th s., 9. 30. What course should be pursued with a Lodge whose membership set at naught the Constitution, Laws, Rules and usages of- the Order, and persistently disobey the proper authority of the W. C. T. ? A. Labor with them while a reasonable hope of their reform lives ; when the hope no longer exists, the Charter should be revoked. — Ibid. 3L A Lodge can transact business with the door open between the ante-room and the Lodge-room, if the door is properly guarded, and no person in the ante-room but O. G.— Iowa, 14th s., 22. 32. The evening of meeting may be changed by a two- thirds vote, the motion for the same having laid over one week. Notice of tlie same must at once be given to the G. W. Secretary. — Maine, 9th s., 5. 33. A Lodge may select a question, choose sides and have a debate, as a literary exercise, and it may be ren- dered very profitable and interesting. Care should be taken, however, not to select questions which would be likely to induce strife and bitterness. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. 34. The quarter closes on the last day of the month, without reference to the time when the new officers mav be installed.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. 35. When a Subordinate Lodge, not more than one year in arrears, surrenders its Charter, and afterward any of its members, who were in good standing at the time of its surrender, desire to revive and go to work again, they may refer the case to the G. W. C. T. and G. W. S., who may, when satisfied, issue a new Charter without the usual fee.— 111., 1858. 36. The trustees of a Lodge take charge of the property of a Lodge subject to the direction and review of the 300 TRAVELING CARDS. Lodge, and the Lodge has power to say what shall and what shall not be done in a Lodge room, not conflicting with any of our laws or usages ; or whatUvse shall be made of the property of the Lodge, and the trustees must ex- ecute the decrees of the Lodge pertaining thereto ; and in case such trustees refuse to obey the instructions of the Lodge, they are guilty of misdemeanor in office, and may be removed therefrom.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 37. What shall be done with Subordinate Lodge officers who persistently refuse to perform any of their official duties ? A. The remedy is with the Lodge, and it may apply any lawful mode of discipline deemed necessary to correct the evil.— R. W. G. T. Russell, 19th s., 16. Traveling Cards. 1. A card given to members wishing to visit other Lodges is called a traveling card, and does not release them from their obligation and duties to the Lodge grant- ing the same, and such cards are available only for the time for which du€s have been advanced, as appears upon the face of the card.— R. W. G. L., 3d s., 281. 2. The validity of a clearance and traveling card shall be limited to one year from its date. — R. W. G. L., 7th s., 30. 3. Members cannot, on a traveling card, join another Lodge ; their obligation remains in all respects unchanged, not excepting quarterly dues. — 111., 43. 4. Can a member in possession of a traveling card join another Lodge on such card ? No ; he must obtain a clearance card from the Lodge in which he has member- ship.— R. W. G. T. Orne, 817. 5. After a traveling card has expiredj is the person hold- ing it still a member of the Lodge from which it was re- ceived ? A, Yes ; his relations to the Lodge are the same TREASURER. 301 as a member good on the books at the expiration of a quarter. — Ibid. 6. A member who wishes to leave a Lodge, and never expects to return to the place, is entitled to a traveling card.— Wis., 4th s., 23. 7. The use of a visiting card is to show the holder to be a member in good standing, and entitled to the care and protection of the Order, and all members^ in good stand- ing are entitled to it. — Ind., 6th s., 14. 8. Members who have not taken the degrees are entitled to traveling cards and T. P. W. upon the same terms as full degree members. — Cal., 3d s., 10. 9. Traveling and clearance cards, with the name of any P. R. W. G. S., that Grand or Subordinate Lodges may have on hand, are good, and may be used until such sup- ply on hand is exhausted. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 9. 10. Is a member who in the month of November pays his dues till the month o^ August of the following year, and receives a traveling card and the T. P. W., entitled to receive the Q. P. W. as it is regularly promulgated ? The traveling card and T. P. W. are designed only for those who travel beyond the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge in which they have membership, but if such mem- ber should return to his home with a design to remain permanently before the expiration of such card, there can be no objection to his receiving the Q. P. W. in the usual manner.— R. W. G. T. Orne, 817. Treasurer. 1. If a Treasurer has used reasonable care and diligence in taking care of the money in his hands, and it has been stolen, he cannot be compelled to replace it. — Iowa, 14th 8., 7. 2. In the absence of the Worthy Treasurer, the T. pro tern, is entitled to receive money from the F. S. in trust 302 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. for the Lodge, and pay the same to the regularly installed and bonded Treasurer, for which he is strictly responsible to the Lodge.— G. W. C. T. M'Murray, Pa., 15th s., 33. 3. Can one person hold both the offices of W. C. T. and T. in a Subordinate Lodge? The ritual contemplates that both in the opening and closing ceremonies certain questions shall be asked by the W. C. T., and answered by the T. The By-laws require that the accounts of the T. shall be examined by a com- mittee appointed by the W. C. T., and there is a manifest impropriety in an officer's selecting a committee by which his own accounts are to be audited. The bond which the T. is required to give is made payable to the W. C. T., and an action on the bond, if such proceeding be necessary, could only be sustained in the name of the W. C..T. In view of all which considerations I decide that one person cannot hold the offices of -W. C. T. and T. at the same time.— Vt., 5th s., 7. 4. Is it competent for one person to fill at the same time, the offices of F. S. and T. in Subordinate Lodge ?" A. Such practice is clearly out of order, subversive of the design of the Constitution in providing for the two officers, and at variance with the Ritual, which makes il the duty of the F. S. to pay all moneys received to the T.''-R. W. G. T. Kussell, 18th s., 984. Violation of the Pledge. " What constitutes a violation of the Good Temp- lar^s obligation is a question often asked, and which has been more or less discussed in all our Subordinate and Grand Lodges ; and especially in reference to the use of the expressed juice of the apple, much diversity of opinion has arisen. We give all the decisions which have come to our notice, that are deemed correct : VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 303 1. The drinking of sweet eider a violation of the Good Templar's pledge— 111., 29. N. H., 66. Ind., 12th 8., 32. Can., vol. 19, 30. Kas., 10th s., 36. 2. The use of the expressed juice of the apple as a beverage is a violation of our pledge. — Ind., 167, and Iowa, vol. 2, 10. 3. It is a violation of the spirit and intent of the obligation of the Order of Good Templars to imbibe unfermented wine or cider. — Pa., 2d s., 19. Ky., 6th s., 41. Md., 4th s., 22. 4. In the opinion of this Grand Lodge, the juice of the grape is wine, and the juice of the apple is cider, whether in a fermented or unfermented state, and consequently the use of either as a beverage is a violation of the pledge. — O., 2d s., 9. 5. To drink cider in any state as an article of food is decidedly a violation of the pledge, for in such case it becomes a beverage. — Tenn., 41. 6. Drinking the juice of the grape or apple, in any state, as a beverage, is a violation of our obligation. — R. W. G. T. Chase, MSS. So, also, currant, blackberry, or elderberry wine. 7. The use of currant wine or expressed juice of the apple, as a beverage, is a violation of the pledge. — Wis., Ist s., 22. The following, from a letter of G. W. C. T. Black, of Pa., gives the best exposition of the eider ques- tion, that has ever come to our notice : " I am sorry to learn that your Lodge is disturbed, and its peace and prosperity endangered, by the * cider question,' as it has been called — a question easily solved on principles well recognized by all temperance men of the present day : but nevertheless, one which has occasioned very great trouble in all temperance organizations, arising from the fact that the prejudice, early habits, and want of philosophical thought, are brought into play, rather than calm investigation and reflection. Among the objects of the Order of Good Templars, 304 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. is the combating of ignorance by the instruction and example of its members, and the antagonizing of cuHtom by combined find ]jledged action against the use of intoxicating liquors as a leverage. The only intoxicating ingredient in liquors, or that which makes liquors, is alcohol. Without alcohol they cannot be intoxicating. Now, alcohol is the product of vinous fer- mentation, which fermentation is caused by bringing together the sugar and the gluten, or starch, in the grains and fruits, and the action of air upon them. This sugar and starch exists in fruits and grains naturally ; but alcohol does not. There is no alcohol in anything which God has made. The most skillful chemists have been unable to extract it from the grape or the apple as they hang upon the tree or vine ; but by crushing them and expressing their juice, and thus uniting the compo- nents before spoken of, and exposing to air — fermentation, or the production of alcohol, commences. "'Nature,' says Count Chaptal, * never forms spirituous liquors : she rots the grape upon the branch, but it is art which converts the juice into (alcoholic) wine.' ^ Alcohol,' says Dr. E. Turner, Ms the intoxicating ingre- dient of all spirituous and vinous liquors. It does not exist ready formed in plants, but is a product of vinous fermen- tation.' " Now, the point is, ' at what moment of time does fermentation commence f If you can determine that, then I will be able to tell you when it will be lawful or unlawful to use as a beverage, the expressed juice of the apple, called cider. Alcohol has been extracted from grape juice within three hours from the mashing of the grapes. Many good men, scholars, and men of scientific attainments, say that fermentation commences as soon as the components are brought together. I donH pretend to know ; but I can see they acknowledge the prudential rea- sons for the law as it stands upon our digest, and has been decided by almost all of our Grand Lodges, by the R. W. G. L., by the Sons of Temperance, and by all temperance organiza- tions that have had an existence since 1836. I say, and so decide, that if there is no alcohol in the article you call cider, then the drinking of it, literally considered, cannot be a viola- tion of the pledge. " But, my brother, there is another view to be taken, and one recognized and acted upon by all temperance societies — and that is the Pauline doctrine. In Romans xiv. 21, St. Paul VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 305 aays : ' It is good neither to eat flesh, nor to drink wine — nor anything whereby thy brother stumbleth, or is offended, or is made weak/ Because of this teaching we urge men to sign the Pledge, and join temperance societies, who are entirely sober men, strictly abstinent in sentiment and practice. And why? Because their influence will be efficient in saving others who are not sober nor abstinent-. So, experience having shown that cider will intoxicate, and has been the means of prostrating many reformed men^ both by the law of association as well as from the alcoholic principle, and as neither you nor I, nor any man, can tell when alcohol is or is not present — for the sake of our brother who is in danger, we say the drinking of cider is a violation of the Pledge. That is, all earnest temperance men, who, by precept and example, desire to teach the world to abstain from drink, should abstain from drink themselves. My brother, if you cannot give up your cidery how can you expect another to give up his wine, and another his whisky ? If you can be permitted to take cider as offered on draught, so may another who, as a brand, has been but recently ^ plucked from the burning,* and whom the law of association may irresistibly carry back to his cups again. "I think, therefore, when you come to reflect on considera- tions such as these, you will agree with me, however reluc- tantly, that it is better for temperance societies to err in severity, rather than by laxity to lay a stone of stumbling in the way of a weak brother. Scientifically, I cannot say there is alcohol in the juice of the apple as it runs from the press (if no time has been lost between the crushing and the press- ing) ; and in this sense, no violation of the purpose of the pledge in drinking it, but for the moral considerations as above stated, I submit with pleasure for the sake of my brother. In other words, * It is good neither to eat flesh nor to drink wine, nor anything whereby thy brother stumbleth, or is offended, or is made weak.'" 8. The use of lager beer as a beverage is a violation of our pledge.— K. W. G. L., 4th s., 16. 9. So also "ginger wine." — Can., vol. 12, p. 12. 10. The use or sale of Hostetter's bitters, or schnapps, as a beverage, is a violation of the pledge. — Wis., 5th s., 20 306 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. So also Khubarb, commonly called pie-plant wiue.— ] Ibid. 11. Also, Scheidam Schnapps, or other intoxicating remedies. — Wis., 7th s., 8. 12. It is a violation of the pledge to use, habitually, Hostetter's, Koback's, Drake's, Butt's or McClean's Bitters, or any other bitters, cordials or tonics of which alcohol forms the basis, except when prescribed by a moral and temperate physician. — G. W. C. T. Titus, O., loth s., 12. Mich., 15th s., 32. 13. Or to buy or sell them. — Ind., 10th s., 14. 14. Also, to sell them under the name of medicines. — Ind., 12th s., 31. 15. Also to drink seed beer, the same being a fermented drink.— N. Y., 4th s., 15. 16. Also hop beer of commerce. — G. W. C. T. Olney, R. D., 4th s., 7.' 17. The use as a beverage of "Ottawa beer,'' or any beer that ferments, is a violation of the Good Templar's pledge.— G. W. C. T. Graw, N. J., 4th s., 13. 18. Is the using of Jamaica Ginger without orders from a physician a violation of our obligation ? A, No. — G. W. 0. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 58. 19. A dealer in soda-water, where some of the syrups are made of wine, cannot become a member of our Order. —Id., 18th s., 46. 20. Whereas, there have lately come into public notice various nostrums, in the shape of bitters, tonics, etc., which contain a large proportion of alcoholic liquor, and the tendency of which is to lead to the formation of appe- tites for strong drink, because of a want of knowledge of their real character, therefore Resolved, That it is strictly enjoined upon all Good Temp- lars under the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, that they re- frain from the use thereof, in all cases, unless prescribed by a VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 307 physician who is well known for sound judgment, and is of strictly temperate habits. — Pa., 10th s., 25. 21. The use of Metheglin as a beverage is a violation of oar obligation. — Iowa, 11th s., 29. 22. The juice of any fruit or vegetable so compounded as to produce by any means an alcoholic substance, is strictly forbidden by our Good Templar's obligation. — G. W. C. T. Tower, Conn., 3d s., 11. 23. The making, vending, or using any compound for a beverage that is, or is likely to become intoxicating, is a violation of the obligation. — Conn., 9th s., 16. 24. It is a violation of the pledge to use as a beverage any drink that is liable to ferment, for the simple reason that it is impossible to decide when it has so far fermented as to contain alcohol, and be intoxicating. Domestic beers, unfermented, and not liable to ferment, are not excluded by our pledge.— G. W. C. T. Titus, O., 13th s., 12. 25. The cultivation of and traffic in the rhubarb wine plant, with the intent to manufacture wine from it, is a violation of the pledge. — Ibid. 26. The pledge of our Order covers nothing that is not intoxicating, and root beer that is not intoxicating, and that will not become so by keeping, is not one of the arti- cles we are pledged to abstain from. I would, however, be very careful about encouraging the use of anything of the kind, as it might be made the occasion of stumbling on the part of some who would not be careful to discrimi- nate between what was and what was not intoxicating. — B. W. G. T. Hastings, 12th s;, 8. 27. A Good Templar can sell common root beer as a beverage, at a store or grocery, without violating his pledge, if certain that it does not contain alcohol. — G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 2d s., 7. 28. Patent lemonade (if I know what it is) is not liq- uor, and not intoxicating.— G. W. C. T. Giles, Wis., 1866. ' 29. The habitual use of opium should be made a viola- 308 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. tion of the pledge, for it is one of the very worst habita that can afllict humanity. Bad as the use of liquor and narcotics is, the use of opium must be set down as one to be more than mildly condemned upon all occasions and under all circumstances. Besides, it is harder to break up this habit than almost any other. Seldom do we find one of the victims of this drug whose chains are ever broken. We have in mind a lady in an adjoining State, most re- spectably connected, religiously brought up, whose hus- band is Irom one of the first families, and a leading busi- ness man, and around whose path every social and moral influence is thrown, yet such is the power of this habit that she will go from street to street, in her insanity, beg- ging for opium ! Thousands of dollars have been ex- pended to cure her, and yet every attempt has failed. These instances, though seldom reported, are not so rare as some suppose. The use of opium is increasing, and the ruin that will follow can be compared only to that of common intemperance. — Templar's Oflfering, vol. 3, No. 3. Vt., 5th s., 6. 111., 18th s., 8. 30. It is a proper subject of discipline when producing intoxication. — Iowa, 14th s., 23. 31. The use of brandy, etc., in the culinary arts is a violation of our pledge. — Can., vol. 10, 26. Sustained on appeal.— R. W. G. L., 5th s., 27. 32. Also to use sauce of which spirituous liquors form a part. — Cal., 5th s., 22. 33. »Also, use of brandy or wine drops, or any confec- tionerv or pastry covering alcohol in any of its forms. — 111., lOth s. Kas., 10th s., 11. 34. Also, to deal in or sell mince- meat, knowing that brandy or other alcoholic liquors are contained therein. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 35. If a sister eat brandy sauce with pudding, not know- ing the sauce contained brandy, and having been assured by the lady and gentleman of the house where she was dining that no brandy was in the sauce, she does not violate VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 309 her pledge. As a lawyer would say, you must bring home the guilty knowledge to her before she can be charged with a violation. — G. W. C. T. Hawkins, Iowa, 14th s., 7. 36. It is a violation of our obligation to use float at a dinner party in which small quantities of spirits enter as an ingredient. — Ky., 10th s., 10. 37. Chewing tobacco soaked with liquor is as much a violation of the pledge as the use of liquor for culinary purposes. — Mass., 306. 38. To buy or manufacture cider for the sole purpose of converting it into vinegar, or to make what is termed apple-butter, is not a violation of the pledge of Good Templars.^ — Tenn., 41. Can., vol. 9, 30; also 41. 39. Does a member violate his obligation by pressing the juice out of his apples and selling it before or after fermentation for vinegar or culinary purposes? A, No. Our pledge binds him not to sell it as a bever- age. — Can., 17th s., 64. 40. Our rules and usage make no distinction between Bweet and boiled cider ; the use of either as a beverage is a violation of our obligation. So also to wholesale cider in any form, or to retail it for culinary purposes, is a vio- lation.— G. W. C. T. Brandt, Iowa, 18th s., 7. The author doubts the last part of this decision. 41. A Good Templar cannot purchase 6ider for culinary purposes without violating his obligation ; cider in mince- pies becomes a beverage when freely used, and there is no necessity for using it, as vinegar is equally as good. — G. W. C. T. Graw, N. J., 4th s., 12. 42. Is it a violation of a Good Templar's obligation to rent a cider-mill to make cider, his neighbors using and selling it as a beverage? A. When he rented the mill to one to make cider, and he knew it was to be used as a beverage, and not for culi- nary purposes, in my opinion it would be a violation. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 44. 310 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 43. It is not a violation of a Good Templai^s obligation to assist in making cider, as farm laborers are called upon to do, a few days in each year, when hired to do farm* work. Making cider is only one of the incidentals of farm-work, and is not like being engaged in a distillery, brewery, or other manufactory of intoxicating liquors. — • G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. 44. Is it a violation of a Good Templar's obligation to manufacture cider for others, not knowing for what pur- pose it is manufactured? A. Yes. He should be reasonably satisfied, either from the character of those buying or using it, or from other good evidence, that it is not to be used as a beverage. — R. W. G. L., 18th s., 1046. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th 8., 58. 45. It is a violation of our obligation for a member be- ing principal or clerk in a store to sell cider without knowing for what purpose it is t^ be used. He should be reasonably satisfied, either from the character of those buying or using it, or upon other evidence, that it is not to be used for a beverage. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 46. It is not a violation of the Good Templar's pledge to manufacture currant wine for use as a medicine, or at the eucharist. The quantity that may be manufactured for these pur- poses by one family it is impossible to limit. If a Lodge, from the large quantity thus made, think it is used as a beverage, a committee of investigation might be appointed, upon a charge preferred, stating such facts, but it would require some stronger evidence, either positive or circum- stantial, to convict. One might be well satisfied in his own mind, from the quantity manufactured, and the fact that none was sold, that it was used as a beverage, but he would not be justi- fiable in drawing a legal conclusion of guilt therefrom. — K. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 10. 47. It is to make it for family use. — Wis., 8th s., 8. VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 311 48. A member of Lodge A went to a public house and openly bought whisky for the purpose of using in preserv- ing fruit. Did she violate her violation ? A. Yea. In- asmuch as our obligation requires members to do all in their power to discountenance the sale or use of intox- icating drinks in the community, the member directly en- couraged such sale and use. It is not necessary to the preservation of fruit or jelly that papers wet in liquor should be placed over them. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 58. 49. Does a member of the I. O. G. T. violate his obli- gation to " do all he can to advance the cause of temper- ance'* when he connects himself with a temperance orga- nization that allows the use of wine and cider ? A. Yes. As the evil of drinking is in the use rather than simply the abuse of intoxicants, drunkenness arising from the first steps in drinking, which consists generally in the use of milder beverages, an organization allowing the use of wine and cider, fermented or unfermented, is antagonistic to the Good Templars, and in no way a promoter of the cause we are banded together to advance; therefore a Good Templar who is obligated to discontinue the use of wine and cider, and to do all he can to advance the cause of temperance, violates his obligations on joining an Order that permits the use of these drinks. Temperance, in our vocabulary, means total abstinence ; and to be a total ab- stainer, one must abjure wine and cider in every state. — P. R. W. G. T. Chase, 1870. 50. Whereas, There are physicians at the present day who freely prescribe spirituous and malt liquors in their practice, contrary to the testimony of the ablest medical men and chemists of this and former times; and. Whereas, Such practices have become so prevalent that drinking habits and customs are being created and revived under the specious and deceptive terms of " tonics," " pan- aceas,'* cordials," etc., therefore, Resolvedy That, as representatives of the sentiment of the Good Templars of this continent, we r^nnot too strongly 312 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. reprobate these customs, and disavow entirely the idea of alcohol possessing medicinal virtues, in whatever form presented— K. W. G. L., 11th s., 57. 51. Can a member drink regularly raw spirituous liquors, upon tlie recommendation of a physician, with- out violatihg the laws ? A, He cannot. He has obligated himself to " discoun- tenance the manufacture and sale of such liquors in all proper ways." Evidently the regular use of such drinks as specified in the query, would not be a compliance with this clause of Art. 2, but the contrary. — G. W. C. T. Campbell, Mo., 11th s., 8. 52. Will it be considered a violation of our obligation to use alcoholic liquors, in the raw state, for medicinal purposes, upon a surgeon's prescription? A. Your Committee having considered the above ques- tion, are compelled, reluctantly, to admit that intoxicating drinks, in any form, simply as a medicine, is permitted by our laws. That compromise with the enemy of human progress contained in our pledge, in the clause, "as a beverage," evidently yields the point of its medicinal use. We look upon the medical use of alcohol, as a relic of the times when, in some of its forms, it was relied upon as the grand panacea for all the ills that flesh is heir to, and as now presenting the most formidable obstacle to the progress of the Temperance reform. But a better day is dawning upon us. The progress of medical science, and an enlightened public sentiment will, ere long, justify a modification of our mode of warfare, and we can go for the utter annihilation of the whole family of intoxicating drink, and " discountenance the manufacture, sale and use," of all alcoholic mixtures, under any pretence, or for any purpose whatever. It is exceeding rare for a physician who understands his business, and does not himself indulge in its use, to recommend intoxicating drinks to his patients. From the prevalent abundance of excellent substitutes a re- VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 313 formed practice may, and will, ere long, entirely exclude narcotic intoxicating medicines and stimulants from the ILst of reliable remedies. It has been confidently asserted, upon the highest medical and scientific authority, that if alcohol was stricken from existence, the amount of sickness would be greatly diminished, and the health of the human family increased in proportion. We have the same authority for the belief, that by the annihilation of alcohol, in all its forms, our materia medica would sufier no loss. We would offer the following resolution, and recom- mend its passage : Resolvedy That for a member of our Order to feign sickness, to collude with a physician to obtain a prescription to justify the use of intoxicating drinks, or to make the medicinal use of such drinks a pretext for their habitual use, are offences against our laws, and punishable like other violations of our Constitution. — Mo., 11th s., 20. 53. Does a member violate the principles of the Order, by the habitual use of intoxicating liquors, even though prescribed by a physician, when able to be about his ordinary occupation? A, This depends upon circumstances. The use of in- toxicating liquor as a medicine is allowed ; and if it has been honestly prescribed, and as honestly taken, it is no violation of our principles. But if there is any collusion between patient and physician for the purpose of gratify- ing the appetite of the former, then there would be a flagrant violation. I would recommend, in all cases, where members of the Order habitually use intoxicating drinks on the plea of ill health, and shielded by the physician's prescription, that the Lodge to which such member belongs make strict investigation, to ascertain, if possible, how the case stands. — Mass., 306. 54. Use of alcoholic mixtures as a medicine, and at the Holy Eucharist, discountenanced. — Iowa, 10th s., 28. 55. Written physician's prescriptions, nor any other circumstances under which Good Templars shall use in- 314 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. toxicating drinks, or frequent drinking places, shall be a Bliield from investigation, upon a charge of violating the pledge.— 111., 1858. 56. The habit of the members of our Order, of ob- taining prescriptions from physicians for beer and tansy bitters, under the delusion that, by so doing, they do not violate the pledge of a Good Templar, reported against. — Iowa., 7th s., 34. 57. A certificate from a physician to use intoxicating beverages, does not exempt a member from a charge for violating his pledge. — Can., vol. 12, p. 12. 58. There is no law»in our Order justifying drinking intoxicating liquors on the prescription of a physician, either verbal or written. On the trial of the case, the Lodge must judge whether the liquor was really taken as a medicine, or to gratify a ^'hankering for the critter." — G. T., vol. 6, 158. 59. Cannot use liquor as a medicine, except when pre- scribed by a physician. — Wis., 12th s., 48. 60. It is a violation of the pledge to use intoxicating drink (including malt liquors) as a medicine, except on the written prescription of a moral and temperate physi- cian, when such a physician is at all accessible. — G. W. C. T. Titus, O., 13th s., 12. It is a violation of the pledge to use intoxicating drink as a, medicine, except in the manner, form, and quantity prescribed by a physician.-^Ibid. 61. The use of intoxicating liquors, as a preventive for anticipated'sickness, is a violation of the pledge. — Pa., 1st B., 15. 62. A member is not justifiable in drinking spirituous liquors as a medicine, prescribed by a physician who is in the habit of vending them as a beverage. — Iowa, 7th s., 25. 63. To drink intoxicating liquors as a stimulant, or as a medicine, or preventive of anticipated illness, under a prescription of a physician, said to reside at P or VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 315 W , remote from the person's own residence, is a direct violation of the pledge, and subject to discipline. — Ind., 7th 8., 7. 64. A physician, being a member of the Order, cannot prescribe whisky three times a day to a brother who had been formerly addicted to drinking. — Pa., 14th s., 35. 65. A member receiving a prescription to n«e intoxicat- ing drinks medicinally from an expelled physician and an opposer of our Order should be carefully reviewed by the Lodge, and if found by investigation that the pre- scription was rightfully used, it would be admissible and received as sufficient excuse. Bu^ if in the judgment of the Lodge on investigation, the prescription was unne- cessary and used other than medicinally, it should not be a sufficient excuse, and the member should be disciplined. — G. W. C. T. Hickman, Ky., 6th s., 41. 66. A member having a prescription from a physician goes to the bar and there drinks the prescribed spirits; is it a violation? A. Yes. — Ibid. 67. Is a standing prescription recognized by this body as sufficient grounds for a member to use spirits? A. No. A prescription should bear the name of the party apply- ing for same and date of issue, and a member holding a prescription to drink at will could not use the same with- out the approval of his own Lodge. — Ibid. 68. A brother drinks several glasses of beer in a saloon; he acknowledges it, but claims it was for medicine under a physician's prescription. Is he guilty of a violation of Art. II., and, if guilty, what shape is' a Lodge in, that votes he is not guilty ? A. He is guilty. The charter of the Lodge should be revoked, — Iowa, ISth s., 23. 69. Dr. A., a Good Templar, during the sickly season was very much crowded with his professional business, and to sustain himself drank beer freely at a whisky saloon: does he violate his pledge in so doing? VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. Ans. Yes .— Ind., 17th s., 34. 70. Do persons who taste of liquors when necessary in the manufacture of medicines, violate their obligation ? A. I can conceive of no case where it is necessary. — G. W. C. T. Walkley, Conn., 4th s., 29. 71. A chemist and druggist may use alcohol for pre- paring the tinctures and other mixtures used in his busi- ness, without violating his obligation ; but he cannot sell brandy or any spirituous liquors as such. — Ibid., 59. 72. It is a violation of the pledge to buy intoxicating drink to be used as a medicine, in a saloon, hotel, or any other place where it is sold as a beverage, when a drug store is at all accessible. — G. W. C, T. Titus, O., 13th s., 12. 73. It is a violation of the pledge to use intoxicating drink as a medicine at any other place than one's home, residence, or place of business, except in the case of travel- ers and sojourners, who should, nevertheless, use it, if at all, as a medicine, so as to discountenance its sale and use most effectually. — Ibid. 74. A respectable physician, a member of our Order, may prescribe intoxicating drinks for himself, if he can show to the satisfaction of the Lodge that such are abso- lutely necessary. — Ind., 12th s., 31. 75. A member who having been in the water three or four hours, goes to a saloon and drinks a glass of whisky, violates his* obligation. — Ibid., 32. 76. A '^beverage^^ is any drink taken to satisfy thirst.— N. H., 2d s., 41. 77. It is a pleasant mixture used for drinking. He who uses liquor as a beverage, uses it for pleasure; for the sake of its effect, as the end at which he aims. The terni "for pleasure" should, however, be understood to include the pleasure derived from pleasant taste, pleas- ant effects, the pleasure of pleasing companions, or of complying with social custom. — G. W. C. T. Piatt, Conn., 1867. VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 317 78. The act of drinking intoxicating liquors as a bever- age, ordinarily is a violation of our obligation, without reference to the person's motives, although there may be cases where the motive would settle the question of the guilt of the accused.— G. W. C. T. Hastings, Wis., 8th s., 7. 79. If a charge be brought against a brother for a violation of Article 2d of our Constitution, and he ac- knowledges that he has drank cider, but through ignor- ance; not knowing it was against the rules of the Order, should the charge be sustained by the Committee of Investigation ? yi. Intent is the essence of crime. If the brother was really ignorant, there was no violation ; the Lodge is its own judge of whether there was collusion between defend- ant and the Investigating Committee. — Cal., 7th s., 29. 80. Clerks in stores where spirituous liquors are sold, and officiating as salesmen, cannot become members of our Order.— Can., vol. 10, 24. Wis., 9th s., 16. 81. A young man under twenty-one years of age cannot be admitted to membership in a Subordinate Lodge, who is placed in a store by his father or guardian, where spirituous liquors are sold. — Cal., 6th s., 33. ' 82. A Lodge can labor with a member who is a minor, for selling or dealing out liquor under orders of his father. —Wis., 5th s., 37. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. 83. " B. F. is a minor and a member of S. Lodge. His father commanded him to bring a pitcher of cider from the cellar for him (the father) and a neighbor to drink. He did as the father bade him ; did he violate his obliga- tion r We cannot make a general rule for the government of such cases. In the case presented, the offence charged was a violation of the letter of the obligation, and should be made a matter of investigation by the Lodge ; but the discipline enforced (if any should be deemed advisable) 318 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. should be regulated bv the circumstances attending the alleged violation— R. W. G. T. Orne, 898. 84. Any member of our Order who sells or gives away intoxicating liquors, either for his father or employer, violates his pledge. — Can., vol. 6, 21. 85. An agenty or any person selling liquor for another, cannot become a member of our Order. — Mo., 4th s., 11. 86. A person employed as a porter or teamster in a liquor establishment, and who is continually conveying to and from said establishment, liquors of various kinds, can- not become a member of our Order. — Can., vol. 12, p. 1.3. 87. It is not a violation for a common carrier to carry alcoholic liquors for another, if he is ignorant of the use to which it is to be converted. — Ibid, 41. Conn., 3d g., 11. 88. It is a violation of our obligation for a member of our Order, who is a common carrier, to carry lager beer from breweries to saloons, knowing that it is there sold as a beverage. — G. W. C. T. Brandt, Iowa, 18th s., 7. 89. Is a Good Templar and a partner in a drug store responsible as a Good Templar for his partner's unlawful sale of liquor, when sold without his knowledge and con- trary to his instructions? A, No. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 61. 90. Can he remain a worthy member of the Order after knowing that his partner has sold liquor as a beverage, although contrary to his orders ? A. He can remain in the Lodge, but should do all in his power to prevent the sale of liquor by his partner for any other than medicinal purposes, protesting against it in every way. It would be well for such Good Templar to withdraw from the firm as soon as he could do so. — Id. 91. A Good Templar was engaged to work for a man, who, wishing some ale or beer purchased, sent the brother for it. Did the brother violate his obligation ? A, He did.— Id., 58. 92. A clerk who has to officiate in selling or deliver- VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 319 ing intoxicating drinks, cannot become a member of our Order, but this does not apply to the wife of either clerk or grocery keeper. — C. G. T., vol. 1, 48. 93. If a drayman. Good Templar, acting as agent, draws goods by the day, and casually takes a barrel of liquor in his load, he does not violate his obligation, but if he know- ingly contracts as principal to cart liquor for liquor dealers, he doas violate it. — Wis., 8th s., 8. 94. An establishment in which liquors were sold, was seized under execution for debt, and a Good Templar was placed in charge as an officer of the Division Court, who received the money taken at the tables and bar, and sup- plied the customers with liquor. Did he violate his pledge and obligation ? A, Yes.— Can., vol. 15, 44. 95. A member of the Order, who is acting as a clerk, porter, etc., cannot sell liquor, either by wholesale or retail, even though he derive no pecuniary advantage from the pale, except as an officer of the law in discharging his duties as such legal officer. — Cal., 3d s., 21. 96. An officer of the law, in discharge of his duty, levying on goods, of which whisky is a part, and selling tiie same at an official sale, in gross, does not violate his obligation.— G. W. C. T. Spencer, O., 10th s., 24. 97. A member of our Order cannot be a book-keeper in a wholesale liquor store. — Conn., 4th s., 46. 98. It is recommended that no Good Templar, except physicians and apothecaries, be allowed to sell spirituous liquors as a medicine. — Can., vol. 9, 13. 99. Under any Prohibitory Liquor Law, requiring some person to be licensed to sell liquors for medicinal, sacra- mental, and chemical purposes, a Good Templar may con- sistently act as such legal agent. — Can., vol. 10, 24. 100. Does a County Commissioner violate his obligation by granting a license to sell intoxicating liquors? This question was asked the G. W. C. T. of Indiana, •r 320 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. and answered in the affirmative, which was sustained by the G. L. On appeal to K. W. G. L., the decision of G. W. C. T. was reversed. The R. W. G. L. says : The simple question is presented as to whether a Good Templar can perform all the duties required of a County Commissioner by the statutes of the State of Indiana, without violating his obligation. It is our opinion that a Good Templar may, without violating his obligation, perform any act or duly required of, or enjoined upon him, by the statutes of his State. Any other construction of our obligation would exclude UH from many lawful relations to the State and the busi- ness of the communities in which we live. In the State of Indiana, we could not act as County Commissioners. In no State could we perform the duties often required of sheriffs, executors, or administrators. This no man in- tends when, he joins the Order. Nor does sound policy or correct principle require any such thing at our hands. We lose none of our interest in the country when we be- come Templars, and our duties as citizens are as binding as those of others. We are not at war with the laws un- der which we live, and we have a common interest with our neighbors in seeing the same fully and honestly exe- cuted.— R. W. G. L., 14th s., 92. 101. Under the laws of our State it became necessary for the administrator of a decedent to sell the personal effects, among which was a quantity of liquors, as the de- cedent was a landlord. The admijiistrators employed an auctioneer to sell the property who was a Good Templar. Did the auctioneer violate his obligation ? A, No. An administrator may, in the discharge of his official duties, sell liquors ; and clearly the agent may do what the prin- cipal can. The auctioneer has no interest in the article he is selling, but is a mere clerk or agent for the adminis- trator, who, in his official capacity, is settling the estate in compliance with the provisions of the law. — G. W. C. T. Ciiase, Pa., 17th s., 57. 102. A distiller was arrested for violation of the law # VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 321 pertaining to his business, received his trial by U. S. court held at A, but the liquor in his possession was not confiscated by the Government, but only seized and re- moved to B for safe keeping, to await another trial to de- termine whetlier it was the property of the Government or not. The U. S. Marshal came to B, and secured teams to convey the liquor to be stored in the cellar of a mer- chant having plenty of unoccupied cellar-room, said mer- chant being a Good Templar. Did a Good Templar who made teaming a business violate his obligation by taking said liquor to the place of deposit? and did the Good Templar owning the store and renting a part of it for stor- age of said liquor violate his obligation ? A. Under deci- sions already made by R. W. G. L., a U. S. Marshal be- longing to our Order can levy upon, transport, store, and sell liquors in the discharge of the duties of his office, and not violate his obligation ; and as the cartman and proprietor of the store are only the agents of the marshal in carrying out the behests of the law, in this case neither the Good Templar carting the liquor, nor the one renting his store for the purpose of storage, violated his obligation. — Ibid., 68. 103. Playing billiards in a rum-shop is a violation of pledge.— Wis., 8th s., 7. Temple Visitor, O., No. 9. Mich., 15Lh s., 35. 111., 18th s., 9. Pa., 18th s., 43. 104. Also gambling and Sabbath-breaking. — Mich., 7th B., 13. 105. A member of our Order who is in the habit of playing billiards, or any other game of chance, where anything is at stake, is liable to expulsion. — Can., vol. 14, 14. N. Y., 4th s., 15. 106. Also playing cards in a saloon where intoxicating drinks are sold.— Cal., 7th s., 26. Ibid., 6th s., 25. 107. It is not consistent with the obligation of Good Templars to play cards in hotels, railway cars, steamboats, or other public places. — Can., vol. 20, 58. 108. It is a violation of the Good Templars' obligation 21 322 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. to play any game of chance in a place where intoxicating drinks are sold, or to frequent such places. — G. W. C. T, Drew, Mo., 71. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. Conn., 9th R., 17. Neb., 5th s., 41. 109. It is a violation of the pledge to board at the house of, and keep a billiard-table for, a whisky-seller. — Ind., 17th s., 37. 110. Visiting saloons or any other groggeries, and buying cl^rars with (so-called) temperance drinks from a liquor- seller, is a violation of the pledge. — Can., vol. 10, 24. 111. In all cases where members of this Order are charged with lounging round drinking saloons, proof of frequenting such places shall be prima facie evidence of a violation of the pledge. — 111., 158. 112. And it is the duty of the Lodge to discipline them. —Wis., 7th s., 29; 9th s., 16. 113. It is a violation of the obligation to habitually prac- tice drinking harmless drinks, such as lemonade, small beer, etc., in a liquor saloon, for such practices directly countenance and encourage the rum traffic. — Wis., 7th s., ;u. 114. It is not a violation to purchase goods where liq- uors are sold ; but it is advisable that Good Templars should not do so, unless necessary. — G. W. C. T. Hickman, Ky., 6th s., 41. 115. What should be done with a brother who is in the habit of spending much of his time in and about saloons, smoking and conversing with those who are intoxicated and in the habit of getting drunk, the brother not labor- ing for the reformation of the inebriate? A. He is guilty of conduct unworthy a Good Templar, and should be dealt with accordingly. — Ind., 10th s., 20. 116. A Good Templar who would continually and ha- bitually assemble at a public bar-room for the purpose of purchasing cigars or temperance drinks would violate the spirit of Art. II. of the Constitution ; but the simple pur- chase of a cigar or any temperance drink would not ren- VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 323 der a member liable to any charge. The practice of mak- ing purchases of any article of commerce from a rum-seller is reprehensible when it can be conveniently avoided. — Cal., 7th s., 29. 117. The decision of the Grand Lodere, that it is a vio- lation of our obligation to visit billiard-saloons or other places where liquors are sold, is argued against as wrong by many persons pledged for temperance. " If a man don't drink, what harm in his going into saloons?'' It is an old saying, that " people are known by the company they keep." A true and honest temperance man won't find any attractions in liquor shops — will shun them as he would a pest-house. — Wis. Chief, vol. 16, No. 11. Wis., 9th s., 16. 118. To make saloons where intoxicating liquors are sold as a beverage a place of resort for passing away time, or engaging in amusements connected with such traffic, or to patronize those places in any way calculated to give encouragement or countenance to such traffic, is inconsis- tent with the character of a Good Templar, and an in- fringement of his obligation. — Mich., 11th s., 14. 119. Keeping a temperance saloon not a violation of ob- ligation ; keeping a public card-table is. — Mich., 9th s., 18. 120. A brother, in buying out a lager beer saloon, whk compelled to take five kegs of lager beer, and before a meeting of the Lodge and without consultation, disposed of two kegs of beer. Did he violate his obligation ? A, Yes. There could be no compulsion in the case. — Iowa, 14th s., 28. 121. The Lodge proposed to purchase the beer, re-obli- gate the brother, and forgive him for his offence ; but upon trial it was found that the Lodge would not raise the re- quired amount, whereupon the brother refused to be re- obligated, and said that the Lodge should either dispone of the beer or of him. Is he a worthy Good Templar? A. It is the duty of the Lodge to deal with the caf^e according to our Laws. — Ibid. 324 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 122. It is a gross violation of the vspirit of onr obliga- tion to sign any petition for license. — Pa., 11th s., 10. Iowa, 2d s., 10. "^Can., vol. 10, 25. Mo., 15th s., 40. N. J., 4th s., 9. 123. To become vsurety for an applicant for a tavern license, is a violation of the pledge, for a member obli- gates himself to discountenance the traffic in intoxicating drinks, and such an act directly encourages and promotes it.— Can., vol. 13, 45. Wis., 6th s., 39. 124. So is signing a liquor seller's bond. — Wis., 5th s., 41. 125. Signing a bond for one who is prosecuted for keep- ing a house of ill-fame is a violation.— Conn., 6th s., 46. 126. A' Good Templar going bail for a saloon keeper, arrested for a criminal offence growing out of or con- nected with the saloon, violates his obligation. — Ind., 17th s., 39. 127. A and B execute a joint bond to the county court for the purpose of obtaining hotel license, A to keep hotel, B to keep bar-room ; A, not being interested in the bar- room, receives profits alone from hotel receipts, B receiv- ing })rofits resulting from bar-keeping. C signs said bond at the request of A as surety for A, and D signs bond at B's request as surety for B. Does C, who is a Good Templar, violate his obligation by signing joint bond of A and B, at the request of A, who is alone interested in the hotel ? Ans, He does. The obligation of a Good Templar requires liim to do all in his power to discoun- tenance the use and sale of all intoxicating drinks as a beverage in all honorable ways. Although A receives no direct benefits from the bar, yet his connection with B en- courages the traffic, and C signing as a surety for A benefits both A and B, and encourages rather than discourages the opening of a house for the sale of liquors, and consequently C violates his obligation by signing said bond as surety for A.— G. W. C. T. Hickman, Ky., 6th s., 41. 128. It is a violation of the Good Templar's Obligation VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 325 to sign a petition to the courts, or in any way assist or consent in the procurement, or granting licenses to res- taurants, beer houses, or hotels, for the reason that it is encouraging the sale and use of intoxicating drinks. — Pa., 13th s., 42. Ind., 13th s., 23. 129. A member cannot consistently remain in the Order, after having twice made application for a restaurant li- cense, he having been refused by the court. — Pa., 14th 8., 35. 130. A person cannot be an advocate of licensing the sale of liquors, and, at the same time, a worthy member of our Order. — Wis., 6th s., 8. 131. It is a violation of our obligation to appear before the County Commissioners as an attorney for an organ- ization of liquor dealers to argue for a reduction of license fees.— Minn., 12th s., 25. 132. An attorney at law, who is a- Good Templar, by defending a whisky seller who had been arrested for sell- ing liquor contrary to law, does not violate his obligation, for, 1st. The obligation of a Good Templar does not, nor is it the policy of our Order to restrict, infringe or prevent a member from following any legitimate business that does not tend, either directly or indirectly, to uphold and sustain the vice of intemperance. The brother's influence may all the time be exerted in the right direction, even though in the discharge of his duties, he may be defend- ing a whisky seller. 2d. The obligation of a Good Templar in no wise con- flicts with any lawful duty that the initiate may owe to his country, his family or himself. .An attorney may law- fully be required to defend any cyriminal ; the performing tliis duty ought not, and does not, deprive him of the privilege of a Good Templar. — Iowa, 9th s., 22. But it would be a violation, in the opinion of the Author, for an attorney, in States where the courts have power to grant licenses for sale of liquor, to 326 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. present a petition for, and move the granting of a license, as he here indirectly, if not directly, aids in and advocates the liquor selling system; and, though in the discharge of a professional duty, it is not one which he could, under any circumstances, be re- quired to perform. 133. An attorney at law, presenting or advocating li- cense for the sale of spirituous or malt liquors, is liable to discipline for a violation of the pledge ; for the reason that it is giving countenance to the traffic ; and his oath as an attorney does not require him to undertake a case except at his own discretion; it binds him only when he has given his consent, but beforehand he is perfectly free to decline. — Pa., 14th s., 14. 134. It is a violation of obligation for a Good Templar, when acting as a Commissioner of the Board of Excise, to vote to grant a license to sell liquors as a beverage. — G. W. C. T. Ball, N. y., 5th s., 7. Wis., 5th s., 41. 135. It is not a violation of the obligation, for a clerk or president of a license board to sign a license, as they are acting in an official capacity, and are bound by their oath to carry out the will of the majority of such a board. —Id. 136. It is not a violation to officially sign a license for the sale of intoxicating liquors as a beverage. — K. W. G. L., 19th s. 137. A member does not violate his pledge in refusing to sign a remonstrance against licensing a tavern or res- taurant. This is a matter which should be left entirely to the discretion of the individual, and he should be governed by the circumstances connected with the case. — Pa., 14tli 8., 35. 138. If it should so happen that a portion of the citizens of a community should tile a remonstrance against an ap- VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 327 plication for license, stating as ground for so doing, that the keeper of the "hotel" did not live up to the require- ments of the law ; and to counteract the effect of said re- monstrance, a second application is gotten up, stating that the keeper of the "hotel" was a man of good moral cha- racter and kept an orderly house, was it not a violation of our obligation to sign the last paper, the same to be used to procure license for a " hotel " against the wishes of a large portion of tlie community ? A. Yes.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 16. 139. A hotel-keeper having been fined by a court in Ohio for selling Herrick's Bitters, a petition was pre- sented to the court asking the remission of his fine, on the plea of ignorance that it was contrary to the law to sell guch bitters by the drink to his customers. The petition was signed by the deputy and several other Good Tem- plars, and had the effect to remit his fine. Was the sign- ing of the petition a violation of obligation ? A, It was not.— O., 15th s., 47. 140. We regard it as contrary to the spirit of the obli- gation for any member of our Order to vote for any man for any public office who is known to be opposed to total abstinence and legal prohibition, or in any way favor a license law, or to refuse to remonstrate and vote against any man or measure calculated to encourage license in- Bte&d of prohibition.— E. W. G. L., 14th s., 99. 141. It is a violation of a Good Templar's obligation to vote for granting licenses, where it is made a test in town, village, or city.— G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 7th s., 11. 142. Brother W., of Scotland, recommended as a temper- ance candidate a man who proved not to be a total ab- Ptainer, rented houses for dram shops, and was not in favor of the " Permissive Bill." He was tried for violation of his obligation and acquitted. On appeal, the G. L. of Scotland sustained the Lodge, and the R. W. G. L. sus- tained G. L. of Scotland.— R. W. G. L., 956. 143. Is it a violation of our obligation to vote for a 328 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. liquor-drinking man for a public office when a temperance man is his opponent? and if he is under charge, can it be sustained ? A, Voting in our country is by secret ballot, and the mode of exercising the elective franchise, so as to preclude any compulsion or undue influence upon the voter, is regarded as one of the strong safeguards around our institutions. Is it expedient for us, as an Order, to make decisions which vshall strike at this cardinal feature, and make our Lodge an inquest to sit upon political action of our members ? Unquestionably, a temperance man ought to vote only for temperance men for office, but he cannot be compelled to vote except as his own private judgment directs and approves. Again : if the above question was to be answered in the affirmative, it would be practically inoperative^ as no proof could be adduced, as a general thing, as to how a member voted ; so that no member could be disciplined, however often he might ren- der himself liable to charge.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th 8., 58. 144. Voting in favor of licensing the liquor traffic is a violation of Art. 11 of Subordinate Lodge Constitution. — G. W. C. T. Winter, Conn., 9th s., 17. 145. It is a violation of the Good Templars' obligation to rent a building or buildings to be used in selling or dealing in liquors. — Can., vol. 14, 14. K. W. G. T. Chase, 9th s., 10. 111., 18th s., 42. 146. A Lodge cannot constitutionally rent of a liquor- seller a room for Lodge purposes. — Ind., 13th s., 30. Maryland (1867, 23,) decides: A hall may be rented of a liquor-seller, but the necessity should be very great, and a Lodge should not appear to be so inconsistent, if any sacrifice the members can make will secure a place of meeting elsewhere. 147. Does a Lodge, owning a hall building, and renting a portion of it to a rum-seller, forfeit its charter? A, The question is a very novel one. The rule is, that VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 829 if a member should rent a building for the traffic of liq- uor, he would violate his obligation, and every member of a Lodge consenting to such an act, would violate his pledge, but the minority of the Lodge protesting against it would not. The charter would not become forfeited. — Cal., 8th s., 42. 148. A man cannot Jpe a Good Templar and cultivate and raise barley, knowing at the same time it is to be used exclusively for distilling lager beer. — Iowa, 8th s., 37. 149. It is not a violation of the Good Templars' obliga- tion to gather grapes for wine, knowing that to be their use, where he is at work by the ip' nth for a living. — Cal., 8th s., 42. 150. It is not a violation of the obligation to sell glasses, decanters, etc., knowing the same are immediately going into use at a whisky-bar or lager-beer saloon. — Ibid. 151. It is a violation of our obligation for the proprietor of a manufactory to make bottles or barrels, knowing that the same will be immediately employed in the liquor traffic— R. W. G. L., 9th s., 10. 152. A carpenter, or other artisan, a member of our Order, does not violate his obligation by merely laboring for hire in refitting or repairing an establishment used as a place for the sale of intoxicating drinks. — Ibid. 153. The selling of grain, knowing that it is to be used for purposes of distillation, is a violation of the obligation of our Order.— R. W. G. L., 10th s., 58. 154. The selling of hops, knowing they are to be used for the purpose of distillation, is a violation of our obli- gation.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 58. 155. It is not a violation of the obligation of our Order for Good Templars to sell grain in a general market. — 111., 11th s,, 39. 156. A part of our obligation is to discountenance the ^ manufacture and sale of liquor in all proper ways ; hence the decision that it is a violation to rent a building for the 330 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. Bale of liquor — to raise barley exclusively for distilling- purposes — to sign petitions or bonds for license, as all these countenance and encourage the liquor traffic. But we must draw the line somewhere, or nearly every man will be excluded from our Order. Evidently, not every- body who is hired to put in a pane of glass or paint a door in a hotel, who works out a day to help cut a field of bar- ley, who happens to drive a cart for a day that casually has a barrel of whisky in it, or who sets a type in a news- paper advertisement for a liquor store, is to be shut out from the benefits of our Order, or liable to the stigma of trial and punishment. We must be reasonable in con- struing our obligation; and, while we would exclude the proprietor of a newspaper who advertises for the liquor establishment, we would not his clerk who makes out the bill and receives the pay, or the printer who sets the type and works ofi' the paper ; or, while we would make it a violation to sign a license-petition or bond, we would not attach guilt to the clerk or scrivener who may chance to pen it. In short, in all direct acts of making and vending intoxicating drinks, we exclude both principal and agent, clerk or employee ; but in acts which only indirectly en- courage the liquor traffic, only the principal. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 9th s., 10. Mo., 71. 157. We deem it a violation of the principles of cor Order to patronize secular newspapers unfriendly to our cause, or religious periodicals that admit liquor advertise- ments or other anti-temperance matter. — E. W. G. L., 13th s. 158. A member of this Order cannot do the printing and advertising for liquor-dealers, and continue to be a member in good standing, if a principal, receiving the profits of such printing. — Pa., 12tli s., 32. 159. The advertising of spirituous or malt liquors by a Good Templar, in a paper under his control, is a viola- tion of the obligation and pledge. — Can., 2d s., 6. 160. And Hostetter's Bitters.— Cal., 6th s., 25. VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 331 161. So, also, publishing notices of application foi license to sell intoxicating drinks. — Ind., 12th s., 31. 162. Printing labels for liquor-bottles or casks, or bill- heads that advertise or specify the business of a liquor- seller, if done by the principal who receives the pay, is a violation of the obligation. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 163. Inasmuch as the pledge enjoins it as a duty to dis- countenance the manufacture, sale and use of intoxicating liquors, attendance upon and participation in a social dance where such liquors are sold, is inconsistent with the obligation of a Good Templar. — G. W. C. T. McMurray, Pa., 15th s., 33. Wis., 12th s., 39. Ibid., 10th s., 11. 164. It is a violation of the pledge and obligation of a Good Templar to be present as a participator, upon terms of social equality, in any company, circle, society or party in which wine or other intoxicating drink is used, offered or recognized as a beverage. — Pa., 16th s., 43. 165. This does not prevent Good Templars from visit- ing or attending family parties given by relatives who may offer or use intoxicating drinks. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1869. 166. It is a violation of our pledge for a lady or gentle- man to permit wine to be handed to guests at an enter- tainment, whether public or private, over which they may have control.— G. W. C. T. Graw, N. J., 6th s., 11. 167. An officer of our Order, whose duty it is to pay over money coming into his possession to the Treasurer, failing so to do, violates his obligation. — Can., 15, vol. 12. 168. When a brother presents a false or forged account or draft, for the purpose of drawing money from the hands of the Treasurer, the W. T., knowing it to be such, has no right to pay it, and is censurable for paying the same. He is to use his best judgment in determining whether the draft is genuine, and if he knows it is not, he is chargeable with the offence of paying out moneys with- out authority. If he conceals the fact of the presentation 332 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. of a false or forged order, the offence is still greater.— Kansas, 1862. 169. When a member of our Order assumes a fictitious name and transacts business in it^ with a view of defraud- ing his creditors, he should be tried, and, if found guilty, expelled. — Id. 170. A horse-racer and cock-fighter cannot be a consis- tent member of our Order, and continue in such business. —Can., vol. 10, 2-i. 171. The use of profane language is a violation of the principles and charges of our Order, and shall be consid- ered an offence worthy of discipline, — Pa., 1st s., 17. And when used out of Lodge room as well as in. — Pa., 3d s., 7. Conn., 6th s., 45. N. Y., 5th s., 7. 172. So also in the hall at recess. — Ind., 12th s., 7. 173. Charges may be preferred, and action had thereon, by Subordinate Lodges for practices grossly immoral, and tending to bring Lodges into disrepute. — 111., 44. 174. A member who knowingly wTongs a fellow-mem- ber is liable to charge, and may be dealt with, the same as for any other violation of his obligation. — G. W. C. T. Williams, CaL, 3d s., 10. 175. A Good Templar countenancing the use of liquor at a " Bee," violates his obligation, even though he neither buys or drinks it. — Can., vol. 12, 12. 176. A Good Templar violates his obligation by paying, knowinglv, for liquor drank bv others. — Cal., 8th s., 43. Can., vol.' 10, 24. K J., 6th s.,' 11. N. Y., 6th s., 8. 177. The loan of money by a Good Templar to another person, to buy whisky, when that person says it is to be used for that purpose, and the whisky was purchased to be used as a beverage, is a violation of the pledge and obligation.— G. W. C. T. Pershing, Ind., 7th s., 8. 178. It is not a violation of the obligation to help pay a band, a majority of whose members are addicted to intemperance. — Neb., 3d s., 13. VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 333 179. A Good Templar happened to go into a bar room where liquor was sold ; a traveler coming along, and the bar keeper being temporarily absent, the G. T. poured out and received pay for the liquor which the traveler drank. Was such an act a violation of his obligation? A. It was as gross a violation as though he had drank every drop of liquor that the bar contained. — Wis., 7th B., 32. 180. It is a violation of our pledge to step behind a bar and sell any kind of intoxicating liquors as a beverage under any circumstances whatever. — G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 6th s., 8. 181. Is a refusal to obey the reasonable demands of the W. C. T. a subject of contempt, and could there be any cases of that character that would warrant expulsion of the offender ? A. There may be cases wherein expulsion would be proper. — G. T., vol. 6, 158. 182. A Lodge can discipline a member for violating any resolution it may have legally passed, provided the resolution does not conflict with any law of the Order. — G. W. C. T. Hastings, Wis., 8th s., 7. 183. It is impolitic and inconsistent for Good Templars to patronize those hotels or dealers who vend ardent spirits, and we recommend to all members of the Order to dis- countenance it, wherever practicable. — Mich., 12th s., 39. 184. In Capital City Lodge, No. 201, G. L. Mo., Thomas Handy was charged with a flagrant violation of Sec. 6 of the By-Laws of the Lodge, by using disrespectful language both to a member and to the^entire Order, and that he had been guilty of conduct unbecoming a Good Templar and a gentleman, and expelled, from which he took an appeal to the Grand Lodge. The appeal was dismissed, thus sustaining the action of the Subordinate Lodge in ex- pelling him. — Mo., 5th s., 13. This oflfence, though in this case prohibited by a 334 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. By-Law of the Lodge, would everywhere be a sufl&- cient ground for expulsion, whether there existed a By-Law against it or not. It is contrary to the spirit of our charges and obligations. 185. A brother of our Order in good standing, and also a member of another temperance order in Louisville, in which the Constitution and By-Laws were revised, and Article 4th of said Constitution containing the pledge, similar, if not so exactly worded as the following, viz. : " I, A B , solemnly pledge my honor as a man, in the presence of these witnesses, that I will not make, buy, sell or use, or cause to be used or furnished any spirituous or malt liquors, wine or cider, and that I will discounte- nance their manufacture and sale in the community in all proper ways, and I furthermore pledge myself to support the Constitution and By-Laws of this Order of Temper- ance; I will consider this obligation binding so long as life shall last." This brother used his argument, influence, and vote against the adoption of this article as read ; voting to strike out the word "cider," and striking out the words, " I will consider this obligation binding so long as life shall last," and inserting the words, " I will consider this obligation binding so long as I am a member of this Society." Now did he, or did he not, violate his obliga- tion as a Good Templar, or did he only violate the prin- ciple of our Order? A. He violated both.— Ky., 10th s., 11. 186. A Good Templar purchased at a drug store for medicinal purposes a pint of wine, and after bringing it home, unthinkingly offered it to another party to taste, and a Good Templar present says he placed the bottle to his lips and just tasted it. Now, will it be necessary for these Good Templars to be re-obligated? Ans. Strictly speaking this is a violation of our obligation : but if the Lodge to which these members belong, after hearing the statement of the members, and knowing iheir character^ VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 335 and all the circumstances, believe it was tasted inadvert- ently and with no intention of taking it as a beverage, such Lodge may by vote declare the act not a violation, and then re-obligation will not be necessary. The Lodge is the judge and jury both in all cases of violation, and though bound by our laws and usages as laid down in the Digest, yet it is the only power to apply the law to the particular case at hand and determine whether there has been a violation or not. — " Good of the Order," p. 10. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 20. 187. Is it not a violation of our obligation for initiatory members to disturb a Lodge or Temple working in the Degrees by making a noise outside and immediately around the hall? Ans. If such noise is willfully made for the purpose of disturbing such Degree meeting, it if* certainly an otfence against the Lodge, and violation of the spirit of our obligation, which may be punished as the Lodge may deem proper. — Id., 123. 188. It is a violation of the obligation to have the Ritual • reprinted, even if there should be some alterations. — E. W. G. T. Orne, 816. 189. Can Grand Lodge officers institute Lodges of an organization which allows the use of wine and cider without violating their obligation ? Yes. 190. Can an individual engaged in the advancement of an organization that allows the use of wine and cider be a G. W. C. T. in the I. O. of G. T. ? Yes. 191. Would a Good Templar violate his obligation by instituting a Lodge of an organization that allowed the drinking of lager beer? No. To decide the last three questions otherwise would exclude from membership of our Order thousands who are active members and officers of other secret organizations that do not require fidelity to the total abstinence plfedge as a condition of member- ship, and consequently allow the use of the beveragea mentioned. In deciding the foregoing questions, it is understood that the obligations which are taken by mem- 336 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. bers of such organizations contain no provision permitting the use of any intoxicating beverages whatever, but that such right is inferred, because not prohibited, and its exer- cise is sanctioned by the usage of such organizations. — E. W. G. T. Orne, 816. 192. The last three decisions were approved by the K. W. G. L. with this addition: Provided, that if in each of the last three questions, immediately before the word organization, the words, "ostensible temperance were inserted, the first two should be answ^ered No, and the last, Yes.—n, W. G. L., 870. 193. To buy or to take an order payable only in " wines and liquors," and sell the same to a saloon keeper, or to any dealer in liquors, or to any individual, when there would be a certainty or a reasonable presumption that the "wines and liquors" would be used as a beverage, is clearly a violation of Templar's obligation. — G. W. C. T. Hastings, Wis., 6th s., 37. 194. Is the fact of a brother's breath being constantly burthened with the fumes of whisky a sufficient cause for bringing charges against him ? And if he were disciplined, would his appeal be sustained by the Grand Lodge? A. It would be sufficient ground for charges, and the Grand Lodge would sustain the Lodge in expulsion, and say, well done—G. T., vol. 6, 28. 195. A member who joined in November, has not met with the Lodge since; has not paid his dues for quarter commencing Feb. 1 ; has repeatedly sent word to the Lodge to expel him, that he did not wish to meet with the Lodge again ; and has violated the obligation, may be expelled. — G. T., vol. 5, 95. 196. What punishment can we inflict upon a member who gets the Pass unlawfully, and does not get it from the W. C. T.? A. We know of none, unless such member should neg- lect or refuse to divulge the name of the person giving it to him unlawfully. In such case, charges may and should VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 337 be preferred against him for a violation of his obligation. —Iowa, 8th s., 39. Yes J and we may deal with him for a violation of his obligation, whether he refuse to give the name of the person from whom he received it or not. A member who willfully receives a pass-word from an unlawful source, or from a lawful source in an unlawful manner, and uses or attempts to use the same, is equally guilty with him who gives it thus. 197. It is a violation to use the Good Templar^s signs, pass-words or tests, in any organization or place not sanctioned by the E. W. G. Lodge.— R. W. G. L., 13th s., 53. 198. Indiscriminate and uncalled-for use of the test- word of our Order is a violation. — Conn., 6th s., 46. 199. So is giving information concerning propositions for membership to persons not members of the Order. — Id. 200. The grip of our Order, should be given to members of the Order only, but if given by mistake to a person who is not a Good Templar, it would not be a violation of obligation.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 58. 201. It is a violation of obligation for a member habit- ually to talk against our Order in public. — Id. 202. A member who speaks disrespectfully of the Order, and will not be reproved, must be expelled. — N. Y., 8th 8., 12. 203. It is a violation of the obligation for a member of one Lodge to urge members of another Lodge to leave the Order.— Wis., 11th s., 17. 204. Does a member violate his obligation by advising an outside witness, say a rum-seller, not to appear before a charge-investigating committee? A, Yes, provided he does so manifestly for the purpose of obstructing discipline in the Lodge.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 58. 22 338 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 205. Should not members be dealt with for quarrel- ing and fighting? A. Unquestionably they should, as such practices tend to bring our Order into disrepute. — Id., 60. 206. A W. C. T. who assaults a member can be dealt with for violation of obligation. — Id., 58. 207. Does a member of our Order violate his obliga- tion, by absenting himself from Lodge, when he can possibly attend ? A. We do not think he violates his obligation, but we think every member should attend Lodge meetings when he can— Wis., 10th s., 13. 208. A member who enters a Lodge room, and un- known to, and without the authority of the Lodge, takes away the officers' regalia, desks, and other property of the Lodge, to the amount of fifty dollars, on the plea that the Lodge owes him ten or fifteen dollars, and refuses to deliver them until such indebtedness is discharged, vio- lates his obligation. — Mich., 12th s., 27. 209. Does a member violate his obligation by perform- ing as a musician, that being his occupation, or source of livelihood, in a free concert saloon, where intoxicating drinks are sold, and also where his music forms one of the chief sources of amusement and attraction? A. The attending circumstances will govern such case. — Cal., 6th s., 25. 210. It is not a violation of the Good Templar's pledge to purchase liquor, in order to get some hold on the dealer in the article, for the purpose of making him take out a government license, provided^ the liquor so purchased is not used as a beverage. — Ind., 10th s., 7. 211. Where a Grand Lodge authorizes a detective system for the purpose of obtaining evidence against liquor sellers of their violations of the laws of their State restraining or prohibiting the sale of liquors, and the proper officers of the Detective Department appoint detectives who are Good Templars, it is a violation of the pledge for such Good VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. 339 Templars to purchase liquors by the glass at public drink- ing places, although they may only taste of the liquors to determine their character. — R. W. G. L., 13th s"., 87. 111., 17th s., 42. 212. Permitting our ballot to be seen, when voting for a candidate, is not a violation of any obligation. — Iowa, 10th s., 6. 213. But if a member informs a person not a member of the Order how he voted, he does violate his obliga- tion. — Ibid., 7. 214. One who casts more than one vote in balloting for candidates for membership, election of officers, or any other business by ballot, may be tried and punished for contempt— G. W. C. T. Potter, N. J., 4th s., 8. 215. A candidate elect for W. V. T. was appointed as one of the tellers; she counted votes cast for herself for another candidate, in order to defeat a third^ with whom she was at enmity. Did she violate any law, and if so, what? A, A candidate for any office should not be ap- pointed as a teller. In this case, if the sister willfully counted the votes wrong, she can be dealt with for viola- tion of obligation, and so may any teller doing the same. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 57. 216. If a W. C. T. declares a candidate elected when four black balls are cast, he can be dealt with for violation of obligation, and misdemeanor in office. — Id. 217. It is not of itself a violation to refuse to bring a charge against a member who is known to have violated his obligation.— G. W. C. T. Ward, N. Y., 8th s., 12. 21 8i It is a violation of the principles of our Order to wear political badges in the Lodge room. — G. W. C. T. Nichols, 111., 10th s., 11. 219. Mental reservation in taking the obligation does not release the party pleading it. — Ind., 12th s., 6. Does the declaration of a person who declares he answered no, in reference to cider, deprive him of mem- bersliip ? 340 VIOLATION OF THE PLEDGE. ^ No, the W. C. T. has declared he is entitled to all the rights and privileges of a member of the Order. And a charge must be brought in case of violation of Art. 11, and tried in the usual form. — Ibid. 220. What is the proper manner of answering the ques- tion, *^Has any one violated their obligation?'' A. This question is not to be answered, "I have," or " I have not," nor by members rising to their feet and placing their right hand on their heart, etc. ; but when this order of business is reached, charges should be pre- ferred, if any member knows of any one having violated the obligation ; and if any member is present who has violated his pledge, he should avail himself of this order to make a confession to the Lodge. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. Conn., 5th s., 54. Kas., 10th s., 28. 221. In passing through the order of business, when the question is asked, ''Has any member violated the E ledge?" if any member present has done so, he may (if e wishes to present the matter to the Lodge himself for their action) rise in open Lodge and state the fact; but should one member know that another had violated the pledge, his duty is to communicate it in writing to the W. C. T., in such manner that no other member of the Lodge shall know it, as the name of the informant is to be kept secret, or only to be divulged under certain cir- cumstances. — Mich., 6th s., 14. Perhaps I caonot close the decision under this, head in more comprehensive language than the fol- lowing from P. G. W. C. T. Stuart, of Ohio. "As it is difficult to decide the precise time when the ex- pressed juice of the apple or grape becomes intoxicating, it is decideji that the manufacture, purchase, sale or use of the unfermented as well as the fermented juice of either, as a bev- erage, is a violation of the pledge. The intent and effect of the pledge is to prohibit the manufacture, traflBc and use of all ilcoholic and intoxicating drinks, whether enumerated or not. No person who buys any such beverage for the accommodation VISITING. 341 of other persons, though without profit, or acts as salesman for a dealer in them, and as such disposes of them, can remain a member of the Order. Agents of the law, in the necessary discharge of their oflBcial duties, are of course excepted. Fear of sickness will not justify the use of such beverages. The certificate of a medical adviser should not prevent inquiry, where there is evidence of collusion or an attempt to evade the pledge by feigned sickness. " To drink intoxicating liquors in a place of public resort for tippling and intemperance, is a violation of the pledge, al- though used as a medicine and prescribed by a physician, for it is giving countenance to those places and to the liquor traflQc.'* For extended remarks upon tlie nature and effi- cacy of our obligation, as well as arguments showing the necessity of and strength in the secrecy of our Order, the reader is referred to " Derry's Lake/' by Mrs. Fanny D. B. Chase. (See Adv.) Visiting. 1. On visiting a Lodge, a member gives, at the outer gate, the same signal and pass-word as in his own Lodge ; but at the inner gate he gives, in addition to the signal and explanation, his name and the name and number of his Lodge. This the G. announces to the W. V. T., who, if there is no doubt in the case, directs him to be ad- mitted. The S. may make a note of such visiting mem- ber. This is all the introduction necessary. — K. W. G. T. Bristol, 1854. The name is not required of members entering their own Lodge. Members visiting Lodges in other States, Territories, Provinces, Kingdoms or Princi- palities, must do so in accordance with Art. XL of our By-Laws. 342 VISITING. 2. Any member of a Subordinate Lodge, while in pos- i; session of the current quarterly pass-word, may visit any I Subordinate Lodge without being in possession of a travel- ing card and T. P. W.— R. W. G. L., 6th s., 35. 3. That Art. XL of R. W. G. L. By-Laws be construed as not applying to members who are in possession of the current quarterly pass- word. — R. W. G. L., 11th s. This does not conflict with the 111. decision (6th 8., 23), as it only uses the word may^ still leaving it discretionary with Lodges to admit visitors or not. 4. Each Lodge is to be the judge of the propriety of admitting vouchers from other Lodges. — 111., 1859. 5. A Lodge has a right to refuse a visitor who has the current pass-word, and otherwise proves himself in the work of the Order. — Ind., 5th s., 34. Mass., 127. 6. If a member residing in A, without the consent of the Lodge at A, join a Lodge at B, can the W. C. T. of the Lodge at A properly direct the guards to exclude that person, he having the pass-word ? A. No; but if objection is made to his admission, the W. C. T. should submit the question to the Lodge, and a majority may exclude him. — Iowa, 7th s., 25. 7. If a member of a Lodge objects to the presence or introduction into his own Lodge of a member of another Lodge, what is the result of such objection ? A. The ob- jecting member may move that such visitor be not ad- mitted, and if a majority of the Lodge so vote, such visitor cannot be admitted.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 59. 8. The admission of visitors by Lodges is an act of courtesy, and cannot be claimed as a right; and each Lodge is to be the judge of the propriety of admitting visitors. — 111., 6th s., 23. Wis., 10th s., 16. N. Y., 4th s., 15. This decision grew out of the following facts : A person Hying near F. Lodge, 111., applied for initia- tion and was refected. A few days afterward he VISITING. 343 applied for admission into C. Lodge, situated nine miles distant, and that Lodge, not being aware of his rejection by F. Lodge, initiated him as a member. Shortly after he presented himself at F. Lodge, claiming the privilege of a member, which was not accorded to him. G. W. C. T. Dingley, Me., decides (9th s., 10) that visiting is not an act of courteHy but a right. In our opinion he is in error, and so decides the R. W. G. L. 9. Any Lodge or Temple has the right to deny ad- mission to any visiting member who may have become obnoxious, by a majority vote of members in attendance. — B. W. G. L., 884. Mass., 274. 10. Have visiting members a right, without unanimous consent, to take part in the deliberations and discussions of a Lodge? A. They have a right, if a majority of the Lodge so vote. They would have no right to vote even with the unanimous consent. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 59. 11. Visitors may act as tellers, or in any position. — Cal., 13th s., 70. 12. A W. C. T. cannot appoint visiting members to fill any office in a Lodge if objection is made by any mem- ber.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. 13. A visitor cannot speak, or take any part in a Lodge, unless by permission, except the G. W. C. T., or his Deputy. — Can., vol. ix., 13. Me., 9th s., 10. 14. Good Templars, when visiting other Lodges than their own, have no right to dictate as to the proceedings of such Lodges. — Cal., 7th s., 28. 15. Visitors may be invited to fill vacant offices, pro tern. — Can., vol. 8. 16. It is not proper, under the head of the " Good of 344 VISITING. the Order," to introduce visitors not members of the Order.— Pa., 13th s., 33. 17. In regard to the relative rights of Subordinates and their visitors, decided that a member may visit, no matter what State or Province he may hail from : 1. When he is in possession of the Q. P. W. 2. When, not having the Q. P. W., he holds a visiting card, and is possessed of the T. P. W. 3. When, having neither the Q. nor T. P. W., nor visiting card, he is introduced by an elective officer of the Grand Lodge, or a Grand Representative, or is vouched for by a member of the Lodge which he proposes to visit. — G. W. C. T. Campbell, Mo., 11th s., 8. 18. A member of the Order, wishing to visit a Lodge, cannot be vouched for by any other than a member of the Lodge he proposes to visit, except by a " Grand Repre- sentative or other Grand Officer."— R. W. G. T. Russell, 18th s., 984. 19. What is to be understood by vouching for a visiting member? A, A member vouching for a member, asserts that the visitor is in good standing in his own Lodge, has paid for, and legally obtained the current quarterly P. W. A mem" her cannot vouch for another member of his own Lodge. A W. C. T. cannot receive a voucher for a member of his own Lodge. Pre-payment of dues is indispensable to a seat in a Lodge. Vouching is at variance with the spirit and intent of our Constitutions — should be discounte- nanced, and only resorted to in extreme cases. — R. W. G. T. Chase, 1859. 20. Can a Lodge refuse to admit a (jrood Templar simply on the ground of color? A. No. A Lodge can refuse to admit any one who may be objectionable. But for that act the Lodge is held responsible by the Grand Lodge. — G. W. C. T. Graw, N. J., 6th s., 12. 21. A member out on a clearance card, and in posses- sion of the current quarterly pass-word, has no right to a VOTING. 345 seat in a Subordinate Lodge as a visitor. — K. W. G. L.^ 18th 8., 1050. 22. If a member of Lodge A, visit Lodge B, entering said Lodge without giving the name and number of the Lodge to which he belongs, it is the duty of the officers of Lodge B, to require these facts for record. — Wis., 17th 8., 47. 23. A member visiting a Lodge was expelled by a vote of the Lodge from the room, on account of slanderous words spoken by him of said Lodge. He afterward en- tered the Lodge, and was requested to leave, but refused to do so. Had he a right to stay in ? A. He had not.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 43. 24. When the Guard does not personally know that a person applying for admission to a Lodge, is a member of our Order, he should demand the name and number of the visitor's Lodge, as well as the explanation and signals; and if he still has any reason to doubt the character of the visitor, he should call the P. W. C. T. to further test him.— G. W. C. T. Dingley, Me., 9th s., 10. Voting. 1. The voting in our Order, under Art. 8th uniform code upon all questions connected with or affecting the discipline of members, must be by ballot, in accordance with Sec. 5th. For instance, upon a motion to amend the recommendation of the committee, in any form, the vote should be by ballot, whereas, votes upon motions to postpone, recommit, or reconsider, may be taken in the usual wav.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. Conn., 6th %.j 49. 2. At a regular meeting of a Lodge a vote is passed favoring a certain proposition. At a subsequent meeting (three weeks having elapsed) a vote directly opposite was adopted. It was claimed that the last vote was out of 346 VOTING. order, until the iBrst was reconsidered. The Deputy de- cided it in order and sustained by G. W. C. T. Walkley, Conn., 4th s., 13. 3. In Conn., by constitutional provision, a Lodge can- not be chartered in a town where another Lodge exists, without the consent of such Lodge, or the vote of the Grand Council. Brewster Lodge, No. 13, is located in New Haven. At a regular meeting of this Lodge, held Oct. 25th, 1866, a communication was presented to the Lodge, asking its consent for the institution of another Lodge in New Haven. A motion was made that Brewster Lodge give its consent, as requested,'^ which was lost. At a regular meeting of the Lodge, held Dec. 13th, seven weeks after the meeting referred to, another com- munication, similar to the first, was presented ; whereupon a motion was made, and adopted, that Brewster Lodge give their consent, as requested. At the next regular meeting of the Lodge, held Dec. 20th, the question was raised, whether the vote of Dec. 13th, was legal, and it was claimed that the action of Oct. 25th, negativing the motion to give consent, must first be reconsidered, according to rule 25th of the Rules of the Order, or be repealed or rescinded according to Rule 17. The Lodge Deputy decided the vote of Dec. 13th legal; and on appeal, the Grand Council being divided, by con- sent it was referred to P. R. W. G. T. Chase, for final adjudication. Decided, The vote of Brewster Lodge of 13th Dec, legal, and that the decision of Lodge Deputy should be sustained. According to Parliamentary Law, a question finally determined, cannot be brought up and acted on at the same session, except in the form of reconsideration, no matter how long the session may continue ; but each Lodge meeting is a distinct and independent session ; as much so as two sessions of a State Legislature, a year or two years apart, or two sessions of the R. W. G. Lodge, with a year intervening. — P. R. W. G. T. Chase, 1867. VOTING. 347 4. Whether " voting for expulsion," or anything else, the W. C. T. should require all the members present to vote, unless for good reason the Lodge should excuse them ; but in case any shall neglect or refuse to vote, the constitutional majority of those who do vote, will be suffi- cient to carry the question. — G. W. C. T. Russell, Mich., 13th 8., 18. G. W. C. T. Drew, Mo., 71. 5. When a vote is being taken in a Lodge, must all the members vote unless excused by the Lodge? A, No; unless a provision of the Constitution or other form of Jaw governing the Lodge should plainly require it ; or in cases where it is provided by law that a motion or resolu- tion shall require the votes of a majority of those present to be declared carried. The condition or term, those pres- entj implies that all should vote.— R. W. G. T. Orne, 816. 6. The W. C. T. and Lodge can compel all membei-s to vote, when the yeas and nays on a division are called, unless excused by a vote of the Lodge. — G. W. C. T, Chase, Pa., 16th s., 21. 7. A Lodge has power to require all members to vote, and if the Lodge do not choose to exercise that power, a two-thirds majority of those voting is sufficient to decide a question of punishment. — Ibid., 17th s., 59. 8. Two members having been excused from voting, would a motion that no member be excused be in order, and should the W. C. T. entertain the motion ? A, The W. C. T. might, with propriety, entertain such a motion ; but an affirmative vote of the Lodge would not bind the two members, whom the Lodge had already ex- cused, without first considering the motion by which they were excused. — Mich., 13th s., 18. 9. If a brother refuses to vote, when the yeas and nays are called, and the Lodge refuses to excuse him from voting, he is liable to be tried for contempt.— Iowa, 11th 8., 7. 10. It is not proper for a member to exercise the voting 348 VOTING. privilege while standing outside, and voting through the open window. We have forma for entering and retiring while a Lodge is in session which must be observed in all cases, and no member can enter or retire without compliance with these forms. If the member leaves in form, he voluntarily re- signs his rights in the Lodge room while absent ; and if outside without compliance with the forms, he is not in order to exercise the privileges of the Lodge while in session.— K. W. G. T. Orne, 722. 11. Whenever a G. L. has less than its full complement of Representatives in attendance upon R. W. G. L., the delegation present shall be allowed to cast the full vote of such G. L.— R. W. G. L., 859. 12. Sec. 3 and 8 of Art. I., G. L. Constitution, shall be so construed that Representatives only shall be entitled to vote for officers or Representatives to the R. W. G. L., or when the yeas and nays are called. — R. W. G. L., 784. 13. In determining whether the yeas and nays are ordered under Sec. 8, Art. I., G. L. Constitution, by the requisite one-fifth, all officers and past officers, Repre- sentatives and past Representatives, or all members under Sec. 3, Art. I., should only be counted. — R. W. G. L., 19th 8., 96. 14. A member voting in the minority, upon a question considered vital to the Order, cannot enter upon the min- utes a protest against the action of the majority, without leave of the Lodge, there being no such thing as a con- stitutional right to enter protests upon the record. — P. G. W. C. T. Switzler, Mo., 1856, 28. 15. Where a Constitution says the W. C. T. shall give the casting vote on all matters before the Lodge, when a tie may occur, it means on any question where a majority vote decides the question. — Iowa, 11th s., 7, 16. Should members who do not vote, be counted in the affirmative, when the vote is by ball ballots ? VOTING. 349 A. No; but all should be required to vote, unless ex- cused by the Lodge. — Mich., 12th s., 27. Members who do not vote, if counted at all should always be counted in the negative. 17. In taking a vote by the uplifted hand, and only a part of the members vote, it is not proper for the W. C. T. to decide that all those who do not vote are considered as being in the affirmative. — Wis., 9th s., 16. 18. When the W. C. T. discovers that he has made a mistake in announcing the result of the ballot, all pro- ceedings based upon such error should be rescinded, and the Lodge be governed bv the corrected statement. — G. W. C. T. Russell, Mich., 13th s., 17. 19. In taking a vote in a Subordinate Lodge where a majority, a one-third or two-thirds vote is required, does the rule of the Order require the said majoritWs to be of all the members present, or only of those who vote? A. It requires in each case respectively a majority, or one-third, or two-thirds, as the case may be, of the mem- bers voting, except in those cases where the Constitution or By-Laws expressly provide that it shall be a majority, or one-third, or two-thirds, as the case may be, of all the members present. — Mich., 11th s., 14. 20. If a member without the pass votes upon a proposi- tion for membership, and the candidate is elected, is said ballot illegal, and would it be in order for the W. C. T. to order another ballot at any time before the initiation of said candidate ? A. Such ballot would not be illegal unless the result of the balloting was such that it might have been determined by such illegal vote ; in which case the W. C. T. should order another ballot. — Mich., 11th s., 14. 21. Can a member who was not present at the last Lodge meeting, make a motion to reconsider a vote taken on that evening, even if he says that if he had been present, he woiUd have voted with the majority? 350 VOTING. A. He cannot— P. R. W. G. T. Chase, 1866. 22. After the W. C. T. has stated a question to the Lodge, and arisen to put the question, a motion to ad- journ is not in order. — Mich., 13th s., 30. 23. In all elections in our Order, it has ever been the practice in Sub., Grand, and R. W. G. Lodge, so far as my experience goes, to count all votes cast for a member, where it is evident that the voter intended such votes for that member. For instance, if Wm. Jackson is a candi- date for W. C. T., and is the only person by that name nominated for that office, votes for William Jackson, Wm. Jackson, W. Jackson, Bro. Jackson, or Jackson, should all be counted, as we may reasonably presume the inten- tion of each voter to cast a ballot for the only Jackson placed in nomination. We are not governed by the same strict rules which are applied tAivil elections.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1868. 24. In balloting under Sec. 5, Art. 8, Subordinate Lodge Constitution, to determine any punishment, ball, paper, or a marked ballot of any kind to determine the character of the vote will answer the requirements of the Constitution, provided, if taken by ballj there must be at least as many balls of each color as members in the Lodge room, and the W. C. T. must announce distinctly what colored balls ghall he for punishment and what against. — Ibid. 25. Any Subordinate Lodge using the Uniform Consti- tution can make a by-law, subject to the approval of the Grand Lodge, or G. W. C. T., defining what shall consti- tute legal votes, and prescribing that none but legal votes shall be counted.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 19th s., 58. 26. Where a member has been excused from voting on a question before the Lodge, he can afterward vote on the same proposition. — Ind., 17th s., 38. 27. Age can be made a qualification for voting in any Lodge, but on any question prescribing such qualification all members have the right to vote, and sucli a by-law would only affect those who might join the Lodge after its W. C. TEMPLARS. 351 adoption.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., lOtli s., 58. Cal., 12th 8., 17. N. Y., 8th P., 10. 28. A Lodge can deal with a member who, by pvhlic speaking, supports for the Assembly or Senate a man whom he knows is a member of the "Personal Liberty Associa- tion," such association having for its aim the repeal of the " Graham Bill (a bill making the owner and seller of liquor responsible in damages). — Wis., 17th s., 49. Quere. Why not voting as well as speaking f W. C. Templars. 1. If officers elected to positions requiring the degrees decline to receive them, they cannot be installed, and the W. C. T. should declare the election void.— P. K. W. G. T. Bristol, 1853. 2. And order another election to fill the vacancy. — Pa., 10. There is a great diversity among our Grand Lodges in the eligibility of officers ; some requiring all the elective officers to have taken the degrees; some the W. C. T. and the W. V. T., and others only the W. C. T. 3. The Constitution of Subordinate Lodges must require the W. C. T. to be a Degree member.— -R. W. G. T. Chase, 6th s., 9. 4. Above decision revoked, and the Degree qualification for office in the Subordinate Lodge abolished. — E. W. G. L., 955. Quere. As the R. W. Gr. L. has never amended Art. 5, Sec. 2, of Subordinate Lodge Constitution, so as to agree with above decision, is it of any va- lidity ? S52 W. C. TEMPLAItSc 5. A W. C. T. refusing to abide the decision of his Lodge until reversed by higher authority forfeits both his seat and honors. — Can., vol. 9, 13. 6. If a W. C. T. refuses to obey the instructions or de- cisions of the proper Deputy for his Lodge, when acting officially, he can be charged with contempt and insubor- dination to a Grand Lodge officer, and tried by the Grand Lodge. The punishment of such G. L., however, could go no farther than deposition from his office and mem- bership in such G. L., if a member. The Subordinate Lodge could then proceed and try him for a violation of his obligation, and punish as in other cases. — E. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 11. This of course irtiplies that the decisions are legal, and do not violate the Constitution. If a Deputy undertakes to do what the G. W. C, T. has no au- thority to do, the W. C. T. is not bound to submit to his decisions. If, for instance, in the usual course of things, a Lodge should constitutionally reject a candidate, no Deputy has the power to say that the Lodge must admit such a person. Nor has he the right to decide that the Lodge must take back a member who, in accordance with the forms pre- scribed, has been expelled. Such an usurpation of authority, if allowed, would destroy all our Lodges, and is not, therefore, to be submitted to. 7. A W. C. T. cannot order any portion of the proceed- ings of the Lodge expunged^ and the penalty for such an offence would be the same as for any violation of his obli- gation.— R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 11. 8. Nor can he order any alteration in the record of the Lodge.— Mich., 8th s., 16. 9. The W. C. T. cannot on his own authority, without consent of the Lodge, dispense with any " order of busi* W. C. TEMPLARS. 353 ness." When tliere is no objection, it is the practice of W. C. Ts. to pass from one order of business to another without taking the items in rotation, and to go back and re-open any order of business ; but if there is any objec- tion, the order of business cannot be suspended, or any part omitted, or the order changed, except by a two-thirds vote of the Lodge— G. W. C. T. Chiise, Pa., 16th s., 21. Iowa, 14th s., 7. 10. It is the duty of the W. C. T. to preserve order in liis Lodge, and to this end he may require members to ask permission to leave their seats, except to leave for the purpose of retiring from the Lodge room. This latter they have a right to do at any and all times, except dur- ing the opening, closing or initiatory ceremonies, when they cannot leave without circumstances absolutely re- quire it, and by permission given. It is not necessary that a W. C. T. enforce that all keep their seats, unless it become, in his judgment, necessary, in order to preserve good order and decorum ; and then it becomes his duty to do so, and each member is required to obey. — Mich., 7th s., 12. 11. An officer cannot vacate his seat while the Lodge is in session, without the perjnission of the W. C. T.— Iowa, 8th s., 20. 12. A W. C. T. has no right to prohibit a member from retiring from the room after such member has received the retiring salutation from the W. V. T. — Ind., 17th s., 34. 13. A motion prevailed in a Lodge to have a recess of ten minutes; also, another motion to keep the doors closed during recess. A lady not having heard the last motion went into the ante-room. On attempting to return, the W. C. T. refused to allow her to enter, when a brother forced him from the door and admitted the lady. The W. C. T. at once brought a charge against the brother. Had the W. C. T. power to act during recess, not being in the chair, or had the brother a right to force him from the door? A. If the Lodge ordered the door closed during 23 354 W. C. TEMPLARS. recess, the W. C. T. had the right to execute the order of the Lodge. If the lady went out, not being aware of the motion, and the door not being barred, she had a right to enter again, provided the door was still unobstructed. As tlie door was closed upon her, sh-e should have waited un- til the Lodge was regularly called to order before enter- ing. The W. C. T. has power to act during recess, espe* cially to execute the orders of the Lodge, and I cannot see how the brother had any right to force open the door, or in any manner to attempt the same. — G. W. C. T, Chase, Pa., 17th s., 59. 14. AW. C. T. has a right to direct the G. not to allow members to leave the room during recess. — Id., 60. 15. A W. C. T. has no more right to enter his Lodge during the opening ceremonies, than any other member. —Mich., 8th s., 15. 111., 18th s., 9. 16. The W. C. T. controls the ante-room, and may order the members to come into the Lodge room. The Lodge, through the W. C. T., has control of all the rooms of the Lodge.— Vt., 5th s., 19. 17. A W. C. T. may be elected to the Chair for two or more consecutive terms, and may be thus re-elected without first passing the chair of P. W. C. T.— E. W. G. L., 8th s., 6. 18. " Can a W. C. T. at the close of his official term be elected to any other office, or must he take his seat as P. W. C. T..for the next term, unless re-elected W. C. T. ?" He cannot ; as Sec. 1, Art. 6, clearly demands that he shall perform the duties appertaining to the office of P. W. C. T. for that term.— E. W. G. T. Orne, 899. R. W. G. T. Eussell (19th s., 15) decides the re- verse of the above, which by a strange oversight of the Committee on Appeals was affirmed by E. W. G. L. Bro. Orne's is the only correct decision under Art. 6, Sec. 1. 19. The first W. C. T. of a Lodge, not having previously W. C. TEMPLARS. 355 served in a subordinate office, is eligime to the chair for the second terra, and any number of terms thereafter. — Wis., 8th s., 30. 20. If the Chair of W. C. T. becomes vacant during the term, and a new one is elected, he should be installed. — G. T., vol. 6, 57. 21. Can the W. C. T. elect enter upon the duties of his office before he is installed, and appoint the appointed officers of the Lodge, or must he first be installed, and then make the appointment? A. He may so far enter upon the duties of his office as to make the appointments before he is installed. See page 36 of the Eitual.— G. W. C. T. Russell, Mich., 13th s., 18. 22. A person cannot hold the office of W. C. T. and T. at the same time. — Vt., 5th s., 6. 23. The W. C. T. and F. S. cannot be members of the Finance Committee.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 23. 24. A State Deputy may hold the office of W. C. T., or any office in a Sujbordinate Lodge. — E. W. G. L., 958. 25. A Trustee of a Lodge can hold the office o^ W. C. T.— Mich., 14th 8., 38. 26. When it is necessary for a person to have served in a subordinate office before being eligible to the office of W. C. T., a member would not be eligible who has held no elective or appointed office except Trustee. — Ind., 7th 6., 12. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 45. 27. A member, who at the beginning of the quarter was elected to a subordinate office, and resigned the same be- fore the expiration of the quarter, the resignation being accepted, is not eligible to the office of W. C. T., if the Lodge had been installed three full terms. He must have served in the subordinate office one term, and by his resig- nation he lost the honors of the office. — Mich., 14th s., 41. This would also be the case under the Uniform Code. 356 W. C. TEMPLARS. 28. In the absence of the W. C. T., the W. V. T. can- not call the Lodge to order from his own seat, but must occupy the chair of the W. C. T. — Mich., 6th s., 6. 29. Can the W. C. T. call any P. W. C. T. to the chair, he being present himself? / A. Ordinarily he cannot, yet there are times when courtesy would allow of its being done, and that very properly. — Iowa, 8th s., 37. 30. The W. V. T. has the right to call the D. G. W. C. T. to the chair, to preside over the Lodge in the absence of the W. C. T.— Ibid., 42. Any officer entitled to the chair may yield the claim to the G. W. C. T. or his Deputy, or any vis- iting P. W. C. T. or W. C. T. 31. The W. C. T. of a Lodge can invite a visiting W. C. T. to preside over the Lodge visited, without a special motion carried to that purpose. — Cal., 7th s., 30. 32. In the absence of the K. and L. H. Supporters, the Lodge can be opened by the W. C. T., without appointing such Supporters, but it is recommended that they be ap- pointed. But a W. C. T. has no right to open a Lodge, without first appointing a W. V. T., that chair being vacant. — Mich., 8th s., 15. 33. A W. C. T. has no power to fill vacancies with other acting officers, and then re-fill such vacancies. — 111., 8th s., 50. 34. The presiding officer must leave the chair if he washes to take part in the discussion ; and in no case, while occupying a chair, can he second a motion. — Tern. Off., vol. 4, 4. 35. Or make one.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 60. 36. The W. C. T. can call the K. H. S. to his chair, and then debate a question that is before the Lodge. — • Mich., 6th p., 6. 37. The W. C. T. of a Lodge has no right to make out W. C. TEMPLARS. 357 an order upon the Treasurer without the authority of the Lodge, and is responsible to the same for the money. — G. W. a T. Drew, Mo., 72. G. W. C. T. Chase, 18th 8., 46. 38. It is the duty of members to salute the W. C. T. on entering when the chair of P. W. C. T. is vacant. — Id., 19th s., 59. 39. A W. C. T. has no power to fine a member ; all fines not imposed by the By-Laws, must be assessed by a vote of the Lodge. — Iowa, 8th s., 9. 40. A W. C. T. has no power to impose a fine on a member for refusing to serve on a committee, or perform the duties of any office to which he has been elected or appointed. — G. T., vol. 5, 155. 41. Nor to fine or reprimand a member who refuses, temporarily, to fill an office. — Wis., 8th s., 7. 42. The W.'C. T. administers the obligation in ca-se a member is re-obligated. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 23. 43. A W. C. T. violates his obligation by putting a mo- tion to the Lodge over which he presides, which will in- fringe upon our Constitution, and he ought to refuse to , put such a motion. — Can., vol. 19, 41. Mich., 12th s., 28. 111., 8th s., 50. 44. He decides all rules of order, subject to an appeal to the Lodge. — Iowa, 14th s., 7. 45. Any acting W. C. T. or W. C. T. pro iem., is au- thorized to communicate the pass-word to members, and is clothed with all the powers of the office. — Ind., 6th 8., 15. 46. No member has a right to correct the W. C. T. in the unwritten work of the Order, while instructing an initiate in the same, during the ceremonv, but may do so privately.— 111., 9th s., 32. Pa., 18th s., 44. 47. Even though he knows he is giving it incorrectly.— Cal., 8th 8., 42. 358 W. C. TEMPLARS. 48. But a Deputy or a P. W. C. T. has the right to do so, though it is in bad taste, and greatly mars the beauty and impressiveness of our ceremony ; and it is hoped these officers will in all cases suspend the exercise of such right until the close of the ceremony. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th s., 44. 49. A W. C. T. violates his obligation who knowingly allows members to sit and vote in the Lodge who are not clear on the books. — Can., vol. 10, 25. 50. A W. C. T. has the right to vote at the election of officers the same as any other member. — Can., vol. 14, 13. 51. And at all ballotings. — Wis., 5th s., 15. 52. A W. C. T. can resign at any time, and it should he in writing. — Mich., 8th s., 15. 53. No vote of want of confidence" in a W. C. T. can compel him or her to resign the office. — Can., vol. 12, p. 13. 54. A W. C. T. can lawfully resign his office on the night of the expiration of his term, and previous to the installation of his successor. If so, he forfeits all honors wnd privileges as P. W. C. T., and the junior P. W. C. T. present, acts as P. W. C. T. for the succeeding term. 55. When a D. T. or W. C. T. does not decide in ac- cordance with the ballots cast by the members of the Lodge, they can be tried for a violation of their official obligation, taken when installed, the same as for violation of Art. 2.— Iowa, 11th s., 8. 56. A W. C. T. having declared at the election Bro. A duly elected, has no right at the next subsequent meeting to pronounce his election illegal. — Mich., 14th s., 40. 57. If a W. C. T. sees a member violating his pledge, is it his duty to prefer a charge, or should he wait till some other person prefers the charge before he takes ac- tion? A, He should prefer the charge himself, and at once. An officer occupies a two-fold position in the Lodge, as an officer and member. — G. T., vol. 6, 9. W. C. TEMPLARS. 359 58. A Degree member having violated Article 2 of the Constitution cannot act as W. C. T. without being re-obli- gated in the Degrees, as well as the Subordinate Lodge. — Can., vol. 19, 26. 59. A W. C. T. should never give the P. W. to a mem- ber who is not clear of the books, and if he does so will- fully is liable to be tried for misdemeanor in office, but would not be liable pecuniarily to the Lodge. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 60. 60. The W. C. T. has the right to declare a motion out of order, even if he has stated it to the Lodge and the question been called, subject, of course, to appeal to the Lodge, if any member desires to do so. — Id. 61. The presiding officer of a Subordinate Lodge must be addressed as Worthy Chief or Worthy Chief Templar y and no other form of address is admissible. — G. W. C. T. Drew, Mo., 72. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. 62. A W. C. T. who initiates by merely obligating and instructing in the unwritten work, without other form, violates his official obligation. — Wis., 14th s., 39. 63. Sec. 2, Art. 6, authorizes the W. C. T. and Sec. to call a special meeting of the Lodge without the written application of seven members. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 18th 8., 45. 64. A W. C. T. may occupy the chair while under a charge, as a member loses none of his rights and privi- leges until proven guilty. — IlL, 9th s., 32. Undoubtedly he mai/, but he ought not to. He should retire, and allow the W. V. T. or some P. W. C. T. to occupy the chair until a final disposition of his case. 65. A special commission can be sent to a W. C. T. of a Lodge to organize a new Lodge. — Can., vol. 20, 59. 66. The W. C. T. should be counted, in ascertaining the 360 W. V. TEMPLARS. number of members present, in taking a two-third vote.— Kansas, 2d s., 15. 67. The W. V. T. is not entitled to the appointment of the minority of the Standing Committee in a Lodge ; but the W. C. T. appoints the entire committee. — Caj., 8th s., 42. 68. When charges or other matter is brought up in the Lodge and referred to committees, has the W. C. T. any further responsibility concerning them ? A, Yes, to see that the committee is held to a discharge of its duties, or in default thereof dealt with, and a new committee appointed. — Wis., 12th s., 22. W. V. Templars. 1. The W. V. T. has the right to call the D. G. W. C. T. to the chair, to preside over the Lodge, in the absence of the W. C. T.— Iowa, 8th s., 42. 2. Or any P. W. C. T. When the W. V. T; presides, fihe should appoint a W. V. T. pro tern, — 111., 8th s., 12. 3. When a charge is preferred against a W. C. T., the W. V. T. shall appoint the Committee of Investigation. — 111., 8th s., 49. Wis., 16th s., 61. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 1870. 4. The W. V. T. appoints one person on the Committee of Investigation, if serving pro tern, A pi^o tern, officer bus the same duties as the regularly elected one. — G. W. C. T. Giles, Wis., 1866, 5. At the opening ceremonies, it is the duty of the W. y. T. to leave her seat in order to see that the Guards are at their proper places, and are correct, etc. — G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 17. Cal., 6th s., 22^. 6. It is improper for the W. V. T. to give the saluta- tion to the W. C. T. after examining the Guards at the opening of the Lodge. One reason against it is, you are not yet satisfied that all present are entitled to remain. — 1 WITHDRAWALS. 361 K. W. G. T. Kussell, 19th s., 16. G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 20th s. Withdrawals. For manner of withdrawing from the Order see Art. 9, Sec. 1, of Sub. Constitution. (Ante, p. 48.) 1. Cannot be done verbally, by proxy. — Cal., 4th s., 41. 2. And in case the W. F. S. neglects to strike off liis name as directed, he is not a member of the Lodge. — Iowa, 8th s., 38. 3. Members withdrawing from the Order are not en- titled to cards or any further privilege in the Order, but are held to the obligation of secrecy. — R. W. G. L., 3d 8., 281. 4. No charge can be preferred against a member for violation of his obligation, committed after notice of with- drawal has been given, in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, as such notice terminates his connec- tion with the Lodge, as far as any violation that may afterward be committed ; and as a member in good stand- ing can, at any time, resign his membership when clear of charges on the books, and that such membership ceases when he gives such notice.^ — R. W. G. T. Chase, 7th s., 14. Ibid., 12. 5. Suppose a brother asks to withdraw from his Lodge, his dues being paid and no charges against him. At the time the comraujaication. i& read^ a member rises, and ob- jects on the ground that the brother has violated his ob- ligation. Can the member, at this stage of proceedings, oppose his withdrawal ? Ans. Objection may be made to withdrawal any time before final action (final, action being striking name from- roll), provided^ pvuch objection is at once followed up by a cliarge in due form.— Id., G. W. C. T. Hickman, Ky., 6th s., 42. G. W. C. T. Olnev, K I., 4th s., 7. G. W. C. T. Smith, Mo., loth s., 41. G. W. C. T. Ball, N. Y., 5th s., 8, 3G2 WITHDRAWALS. 6. Members can resign their membership in our Order at any time, when clear of charges on the books ; and the effect of such resignation cannot be restricted to the end of the quarter J but is immediate —B.. W. G. T. Chase, Pa., 7th B., 12. 7. There is no such thing in our Order as a withdrawal card. Any one who desires to do so, can withdraw from the Order by paying all dues, there being no charge against him for violation of his obligations, on his giving the notice required by the rules of the Lodge of which he is a member ; but a person thus withdrawing, is not en- titled to a card of any kind.— R. W. G. T. Hastings, 13tli s., 8. 8. A member having resigned, must retire immediately when his name is ordered to be erased by the W. C. T., except he be permitted to remain in the Lodge during that evening, by the courtesy of the Lodge. — Cal., 8th s.," 42. 9. A member withdrawing from the Order, terminates his membership at once on giving in his resignation, so far as responsibility to the Order for his future conduct is concerned, and should, therefore, leave the room imme- diately; but for any previous misconduct, he may be proceeded against precisely as though he had not re- signed his membership. — G. W. C. T. Tower, Conn., 3d s, 11. 10. A person applying for a withdrawal from the Order, may, at any time before the name is stricken from the roll, request the Lodge to allow him to withdraw the applica- tion, and a majority vote of the Lodge shall be sufficient to grant such request. — G. W. C. T. Nichols, III., 11th B., 10. 11. " W. C. T., brothers and sisters, I denounce all con- nection with the I. O. of G. T.,'' held to be a sufficient resignation from the Order. — R. W. G. T. Hastings, 10th 8., 8. WITHDRAWALS. 363 In this case, there was nothing to show that any disrespect was intended, and it was supposed that the word " denounce was inadvertently used. 12. When a member withdraws from a Lodge and the Order, he cannot thereafter visit the Lodge, even though he be in possession of the Q. P. W. — 111., 6th s. 13. A member can withdraw on the first of February, without being required to pay the dues for the quarter ter- minating with the month of April, if the notice of with- drawal is given before the new officers are installed, and the Lodge is in possession of the new pass-word. — R. W. G. T. Hastings, 13th s., 9. 14. Above refers to both withdrawals from the Order and clearance cards. — R. W. G. T. Orne, 15th s., 9. 15. If a member withdraws at any time during a term, yet has not attended a Lodge meeting, or received the pass- word during the term, he cannot be discharged by his paying up to the time of his application for discharge, or his notice of withdrawal, but must pay for the full term. — Mass., 115. 16. Is a member entitled to the pass-word at the com- mencement of the quarter, when he has given notice to withdraw from the Order? or, having obtained the pass- word, should he be permitted to withdraw ? A, A member is not entitled to the pass-word after giving notice to withdraw from the Order. 17. The possession of the pass-word has no effect on withdrawal, — 111., 13th s. 18. If a member violates the pledge, and requests his name erased from the Constitution before a charge can be preferred, the Lodge has no right to grant the request. — Can., vol. 12, p. 46. 19. A member cannot withdraw from a Lodge, and have his name erased, while under charge, or while there is sufficient evidence to prefer one. — 111., 1857. 364 WITHDRAWALS. 20. A notice of withdrawal from the Order should not be entertained, nor should the W. C. T. order the name of such person stricken from the roll, so long as he is in arrears in any branch of the Order. — Conn., 9th s., 10. 21. A member cannot be prevented from withdrawing from the Order because he refuses to pay a voluntary sub- scription.— G. W. C. T. Potter, N. J., 2d s., 41. 22. When a member withdraws from the Order, and afterward breaks the pledge, and is again initiated, such a member is not entitled to the honors held by him pre* vious to withdrawing. — Wis., 7th s., 8. • Yes, and his honors are lost, whether he has vio- lated the pledge or not. 23. A withdrawn member is not liable to the Lodge for violating his pledge. — Ind., 6th s., 14. 24. When a member resigns his membership, neighbor- ing Lodges must be notified, the same as in cases of ex- pulsion. — Iowa, 7th s., 25. 25. A person having resigned his membership in this Order, can only be re-admitted by initiation. — Iowa, 7th s. 111., 8th s., 50. 26. A member who has withdrawn from the Order, may rejoin the Lodge from which he withdrew, or any other Lodge, by initiation, before the expiration of the six months. — Iowa, 8th s., 22. 27. A member gets up in open Lodge and reads his withdrawal from the Lodge, and immediately leaves the room ; the Secretary fails to note his withdrawal, and no action is taken by the Lodge thereon. Subsequently the Ledge voted inviting the brother in question to come back to the Lodge, which he afterward did, and was accepted as a member without initiation. Could he come back with- out being initiated ? A. Ni^.— Iowa, 14th s., 9. * WITHDRAWALS. 365 28. If a brother has withdrawn and been received hy the Lodge back as a member without being initiated, has acted as a member, held offices, paid dues, etc., for a long time; must he leave the Lodge? A, He is not legally a member; but as I am led to believe that the Lodge intended no wrong and that the member in question also acted in good faith, I recommend that the brother be re-obligated, and thus end the dispute, being more careful in the future. — Ibid. 29. In all cases of resignation or withdrawal from our Order, the person so withdrawn or resigned can only come back to the Order by initiation, and in the case under con- sideration (being a member who had violated his pledge, and thus withdrew before charge), if the person should be initiated and thus become a member of our Order again, he could not be tried for the violation of the pledge, com- mitted before his withdrawing. Before his name was stricken from the roll, a charge could have been preferred, and he tried ; but he being permitted to withdraw, the jurisdiction of the Lodge over him ceased, and it would not attach to him upon his joining by initiation, because he comes in as a new mem- ber. There is no such thing as a withdrawn member coming in as an Ancient Good Templar. — P. K. W. G. T. Chase, 1865. 30. It is not necessary for a member to resign his office in the Order for the purpose of becoming a Charter mem- ber in a new Lodge ; but he can do so by taking a clear- ance card from his Lodge, and depositing it in the new. — Iowa, 10th s., 38. 31. A member of Lodge A sent in his resignation ; the W. F. S. stated that the brother was not clear on the books. The W. C. T. decided the resignation could not be accepted. During the week following the brother paid his dues, but at the succeeding meeting the W. F. S. neglected to read the resignation the second time. Is the brother still a member of the Lodge? A, Inasmuch as he paid the dues during the week, the presumption is that 366 WITHDRAWALS. lie intendeil the payment to make him clear on the books for the purpose of perfecting his resignation, and at the next meeting his name shoiiki have been stricken from the roll. If not done at the next meeting, it could be done at any time after that. Am therefore of the opinion that he is not a member.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s., 61. Amendment. 1. A proposition to amend a By-Law, or add a new one, which must lie over one week before any action can be had on it, comes up fur action under the head of "un- linished business." The proposition is tirst offered under the head of new business, and it is considered as business commenced by the Lodge, when first entertained by the Chair and seconded in the Secretary's minutes. Recom- mitments also come up under the head of unfinished busi- ness.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 16th s., 20. 2. An amendment of the By-Laws of a Lodge, increas- ing the fees and dues, must be approved by the G. W. C. T. to be of binding force. 3. A resolution to amend Art. 3 of Sec. 1 of By-Laws, being offered at the close of one quarter and adopted at the first meeting of the next quarter, the amendment goes into effect for the quarter in which it was adopted. — Id. 4. If a Lodge amends its By-Laws v^o as to increase its fees and dues, the increase of fees commences with the passage of the amendment, if approved by G. W. C. T., and the increase of dues takes eliect at the beginning of next quarter.— G. W. C. T. Chase, Pa., 17th s. Forms. A member in good standing of a Subordinate Lodge, at the time it surrenders or forfeits its charter, is entitled to a card or certificate from the Grand Lodge, and the following is hereby declared to be a proper form of the same : INDEPENDEJfT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS. Grand Lodge of , to whom it may concern : Whereas, Lodge, No .located in , un- der the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, hath its charter; of which Lodge whose signature appears in the margin, in own handwriting, was a member in good standing at the time of dissolution, as appears from the recommendation of the D. G. W. C. T. for said Lodge: — Know ye, that in accordance with the provisions of the Con- stitution of said Grand Lodge, and the usages of our Order, we have granted the said this certificate, and rec- ommend to the due regard of all members of this Order. rtiaoi 1 Witness the hand of our G. W. Secretary, and the L.-ieai.j g^^j Q^jj. Qrand Lodge, this day of 18 FORM OF CREDENTIAL OF REPRESENTATIVE. Lodge, No , I. O. of G. T., of To the Officers and Members of Grand Lodge : This is to certify that has been duly elected [Regular or Proxy,] Representative of this Lodge to Grand Lodge until 18 W. C. T. [Seal.] , W. S. Dated, CREDENTIAL OF P. W. C. T., OR W. C. T. Lodge, No , I. O. of G. T., of To the Officers and Members of Grand Lodge : This is to certify that is a P. W. C. T. in good standing in this Lodge. [Or W. C. T. of this Lodge.] [Seal.] , W. C. T. Dated, , W. S. [In case the credential is for the W. C. T., the W. V. T. should sign it. The same form may be used for a W. V. T.] 18 FORMS. DEPUTY'S RECOMMENDATION. . Lodge, No , , 18.. To the Grand Lodge of . This certifies that , a full Degree member, has been recommended for Deputy of this Lodge for the current year. , W. C. T. [Seal.] , W. S. CERTIFICATE OF ELECTION TO THE DEGREES. . Lodge, No I. O. of G. T., of . This certifies that has applied and paid for the Degree of , and is entitled to receive the same. , W. C. T. [Seal.] , W. S. Dated, CERTIFICATE OF W. F. S. TO PAYMENT OF DUES. Lodge, No , I. O. of G. T., of This certifies that has paid all dues and charges against up to [Seal.] , W. F. S. Dated, FORM OF PROPOSITION FOR MEMBERSHIP. Members of Lodge No , I. O. of G. T. I recommend a resident of as worthy to become a member of this Lodge has read our Consti- tution and By-Law's, and is, in all respects, qualified for membership, accord- ing to the Laws and Rules adopted by this Lodge. Dated, NOTICE OF ELECTION TO MEMBERSHIP. Independent Order of Good Templars. Date ,18 M At a meeting of Lodge, No. held 5'^ou were elected for membership in this Lodge. I therefore, in the name ot the Lodge, respectfully invite you FORMS. 36 ft to present yourself at our Lodge room on any even- ing within FOUR WEEKS, for initiation, or the Lodge may declare the election void. Please present this notice at the door. N. B. The fee for admission is $ ,"whicli will be cfalled for at the time of joining. The dues are cents per quarter, which must be paid on or before the First of Feb- ruary, May, August and November, to entitle you to the Pass Word and a seat in the Lodge. , Sec. REPORT FOR LODGE DEPUTY. Quarterly Report of Lodge, No , 1. O. of G. T. , 18 To , G. W. C. T. The present number of members of this Lodge is, ; ...creasing during the past quarter * Night of meeting, Initiation fee, Quarterly dues, Ladies, Average attendance Discipline of Lodge, ...What is the influence of the Lodge upon the community? In what proportion do the clergymen unite with the Lodge? Is proper effort made in collecting Quarterly dues? How often does the Lodge have literary exercises, or Lodge Papers? Were any public meetings or enter- tainments given ? What is the interest manifested in the Degree Temple? Dispensations granted De- cisions by the Deputy General Remarks, Fraternally yours, , Lodge Deputy. *If decrease in membership, state probable causes in General Remarks. FORM OF CHARGE. To Lodge, No I. O. of G. T., of I charge Brother [or Sister] with having violated Article ... of our Constitution [or By-Laws, or his or her Obligation,] [give the time when and place where.] I pray that a Committee of Investigation may be appointed. Signed by member of the Lodge. Dated, FORM OF NOTIFICATION. Lodge, No. ....... I. O. of G. T., of To You are hereby notified to appear before the undersigned Committee at [name the place of meeting] on the 370 FORMS. (lay of , at o'clock, [a. m.] and answer to the charge annexed to this summons. In case you fail to ap- pear, you will be reported to the Lodge as guilty of con- tempt, and will incur expulsion therefrom, unless you can render a satisfactory excu^. Signed by the Committee or the Chairman. Dated, [If the length and manner of notice is not otherwise pro- vided for in the By-Laws of the Lodge, the notice of charge should be served personally on the accused at least four days previous to trial, if they can be found, if not, no- tice may be served by leaving it at the Post Ofllce, or at his last place of residence, ten days at least before the day of hearing.] [The parties to a charge being a Lodge and the accused^ the member preferring a charge is a competent witness.] FORM OF NOTIFICATION TO A WITNESS. Lodge, No , I. O. of G. T., of To You are hereby notified, [or requested, to a person not a member of the Order,] to meet the undersigned Commit- tee at [name place,] on the day of , at o'clock [a. m. or p. m., as the case may be,] to testify what vou know concerning the charge against a mem- ber of Lodge, No , I. O. of G. T., of Signed by the Committee or Chairman. Dated, FORM FOR COMMITTEE'S REPORT. Lodge, No. • , I. O. of G. T., of To the W, C. T., Officers and Members : Your Committee, appointed to Investigate the charges preferred against brother A B , having duly notified the accused of the time and place of meeting, and having met at , on the day of , and having examined the parties, their proofs and witnesses, the accused being present, (or in default, as the case may be,) do, after careful deliberation, report the following reso- lution, to wit : Resolved, that we find brother A B guiltp [or not guilty, as the case may be] of the charge of violating Art... of our Constitution, as preferred against him. [If more than one charge, give a second and third resolu- tion, as the number of charges may be.] FORMS. 371 Resolved, that brother A B be expelled, [or fined, repriraanded or suspended, as the case may be. If fine is recommended, the committee should recommend some amount, or if suspension some time.] Fraternally submitted, |- Committee. Dated, [To this Report, the Committee are always required to append a record of all its proceedings, with the evidence taken before them; and the report should lie over until the next stated meeting after such report is made, and notice be again served on the accused, whether he was present before the Committee or not, as follows :] FORM OF SECOND NOTIFICATION. Lodge, No , I. O. of G. T. of To You are hereby notified, that the Committee appointed to Investigate the charges preferred against you, have made report to the Lodge, as follows : [Here give the Committee's report.] and that said report will be acted upon, and the charges against you finally disposed of, at the next stated meeting of this Lodge, on , the day of , at o'clock p. M., at which time you can attend, if you think proper. , W. C. T. [Seal.] , W. T. Dated, [Two days' personal, or five days' notice by mail, should be given of the above.] NOTICE OF APPEAL. To the W. O. T., Officers and Members of Lodge JVo , LO.ofG,T,of You ^re hereby notified that I appeal from the decision of this Lodge, expelling, [or as the case may be,] me from the Order, to the D. G. W. C. T. of this District. A B Dated, [In Subordinate Lodges, under the direct jurisdiction of the R, W. G, Lodge, and all other Lodges where no time is 372 FORMS. speo.ifled in the Grand and Subordinate ConstitutloniS of such JLodges, this notice should be served on the W. of such IiO(lg:e, wiihin thirty days from the time such decision is ren- dered, together with the appellant's ground of appeal and argument, if he make any. Within fifteen days from the service of such notice, the W. S. will send to the Deputy Q. \V. C. T„ under seal, a certified copy of the minutes, evi- dence, charges, argument of appellant and appellee, and all matters pertaining to the appeal.] [In a Subordinate Lodge, under the direct jurisdiction of R. W. G. Lodge, the appeal is to R. W. G. Templar, instead of D. G. W. C. T.J D [If the decision of Deputy is not satisfactory, either the Lodge or appellant may, within thirty days from the recep- tion or notice of the decision of the D. G W. C. T., appeal to the G. W. C. T., when similar notices shall be served on the other party, and the G. W. O. T. will hear and decide the appeal upon the same papers.] FORM OF ORDER ON W. T. No 18 INDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS. M Worthy Treasurer of Lodge, No , of Pay to or order dollars, it being for as voted by the Lodge. $ W. C. T. W. S. BOND OF W. TREASURER. Know xjaj Men by these Presents, That we, and of , county of , State of , are held and firmly bound unto , W. C. T. of Lodge, No located in , and , W. V. T. of the same Lodge, in trust for said Lodge, in the penal sufo of dollars, good and lawful money of the United States, to be paid to the said , and , their heirs, execu- tors, administratorH and assigns, in trust, as aforesaid, to which payment, well and truly to be made, we do bind our- selves, our heirs, executors and administrators, firmly by these presents. Sealed with our seals, and dated this day of , A. D., 18 The Condition of this Obligation is that, whereas, the said has been duly elected Worthy Treasurer of sai I Lodge, for the quarter commencing on the first day oi , FORMS. 873 A. D., 18 : now, If the said shall well and faith- fully perform the duties of said office, pay all oraers legally drawn on when in funds, and at the end of terra account for and pay over to successor in office all mon- eys that may have come into hands, then this obliga- tion to be void, else to remain in full force Witness our hands and seals, the day and year aforesaid. SIQNSD, SEALED AND DELIVERED, ) IN PRESENCE OF j :::::::::::::::::: fclj [The above can be altered so as to answer for a U. w . Secretary or G, W. Treasurer, or the R. W. G. Secre- tary or R, W. G. Treasurer.] FORM OF APPLICATION FOR A CHARTER. The undersigned, Inhabitanis of County of , Slate of , believing the Independent Order of Goo i Templars well calculated to extend the blessings of Total Abstinence, and promote the general welfare of mankind, respectfully petition the Grand L»odge of the Independent Order of Good Templars of , to grant them a Charter to open a new Lodge, to be called Lodge, No. of tne I. O. of G. T., to be located in , County of , {State of , and under your jurisdiction. We pledge ourselves, individually and collectively, to be governed by the Rules and usages of the Grand Lodge. Enclosed is the Fee for Charter, Books, Cards, Assessments, refusal to pay by Lodges, forfeits charter 22 109 Attorney, who is a Good Templar, may defend a whisky seller 132 325 " who is a Good Templar, could not move for granting license 133 326 " to argue reduction of license fees, a viola- tion 131 325 Auctioneer, may sell liquor, when 101 320 Authority, R. W. G. Lodge, only source of 2 11 " to grant Charter for but one Grand Lodge in any State, Province or Terri- tory 3 12 " of Grand Lodges, supreme for local legislation 9 13 « decisions of G. W. C. T 3 65 " " Chase's Digest 5-6 05 R. VV. G. Lodge 7-8 65 Bail, going, for a liquor seller 124 324 Badges, political, wearing in Lodge room 148 253 Ballot, necessary to expel for contempt 105 271 '* permitting to be seen, not a violation 212 339 " informing another, when a violation 213 339 " for candidates, one cannot vote for another... 16 163 " a member of another Lodge, voting, effect of 17 163 " all to ha ve privilege of voting 23 163 " necessary to elect an Ancient Good Templar 55 ]7>' " for W. C. T., may not be stopped, when 15 163 " Lodges may for any number of candidates... 13 162 ** ball must be used when 21 103 ** informal, not to be taken 22 163 " not to be closed until all have voted 23 163 " retaken, when 24-5 163 *' in election of members, Marshal cannot cast 18 103 subject to reconsideration 32-8 165 " not necessary, where report is adverse on a candidate, when 167 " box, who inspects it 20 163 iy INDEX. SECTION PAGE Ballot, all elective officers must be chosen by 1 173 " blank thrown ont 3 173 " in all cases of, W. C. T. to have a vote 50 358 " form of. 378 " what is to be used for 24 350 " boxes, two cannot be used 26 164 Ball, to patronize, when a violation 8 227 Bar-room, purchasing cigars in 116 322 Barley, raising of, for distilling purposes, violation of obligation 148 329 " Bee," countenancing use of liquor at, violation of pledge 175 332 Beverage, what is it? 76-7 316 Beer, domestic, uufermented, may be used 26-7 3<'7 Lager, use of, a violation 8 305 Beneficiary, our Order not 76 2-6 Bible, Lodge refusing to use, forfeits charter 26 110 Billiards, or any game of chance, the habit of play- ing, a violation of obligation 105 321 " saloons, selling liquors, to be avoided 117 323 " playing of, in a runi-shop, a violation 103 321 Bitters, Hostetter's, or others, use, a violation of pledge 10-14 306 " alcoholic, may be used, when 12 306 Black ball, one need not give reasons for casting 66 172 " " number of, determines election, solely 65 172 " " through malice, how viewed 61-3 ]69 Blackberry wine, use of, a violation of pledge 6 303 Blanks, how filled 55 Bond, liquor-seller's, cases of signing, a violation 124-7 324 " R. W. G. Treasurer to give, with sureties.. 16 " G. Secretary and G. Treasurer, to give 3 37 " Treasurer Subordinate Lodge to give 6 42 " license, to sign, a violation 124 324 Book-keeper, in wholesale liquor store, how viewed.. 97 319 Books, cards, odes, etc., sale of, source of revenue.... 19 " members and Lodges, prohibited from pur- chasing except of R. W. G. Lodge 14 228 Bottles and barrels, manufacture of for use in liquor traffic 161 329 Brandy, etc., use of, in culinary arts, a violation of pledge 31-3 308 Building, renting of, for liquor traffic, violation of obligation 146-7 S28 By-Laws, R. W. G. L., to be made 21 " of the R. W. G. Lodge 22 " cannot be set aside on motion 15 228 " G. Lodge, how made 37 " Subordinate Lodge, how made 48 Candidates for offic«, R. W. G. L., qualifications and by whom nominated 20 INDEX. V SECTION PAGE Candidates, election of. 160 173 *' initiation of 212 221 Card, clearance, what ; validity of. 1,2 113 " " should be taken before petitioning for new Loodge 69 Funeral ceremony Gambling, violation of obligation....' 104 (James of chance, playing of. when a violation 105-108 Gavel, rai)8 of, same in all degrees 1 " n)ay not be used outside of the Lodge 4 " sounded, in passing from one order of business 2 •* raps of, cannot be used at a public meeting.... 5 Ganger of whisky under TJ. S. may be a G. T 10 Ginger wine, use of, a violation 9 " Good of the Order," is a motion necessary, under... 19 " " " what may be done under 20 Government Inspectors may join us 9 Grand l^odges *• " only one in a State, etc. ; supreme for local legislation » 3 PArtB 192 188 192 190 185 138 1^-8 188 110 278 26 34 194 194 195 42 194 266 185 296 270 358 27 367-386 308 193 185 234 382 3-21 3-21 1% 196 196 196 158 306 229 229 157 196 INDEX. Xix SECTION PAOR 'Grand Lodges, appeal from, when allowed 4 12 " *• how opened ; expenses paid by whom 3,4 22 ** " to have a seal, and send impression to R.W.G. S 6 22 " ** Constitution of to be approved 7 22 '* " to make returns, and remit dues, when 8 22 " " Subordinate Lodges to be subject to... 5 24 " ** to furnish Grand Representatives with papers, etc 13 25 " " to have R. W. G. L. proceedings 15 25 *• ** and Subordinates to use Ritual pre- scribed by R. W. G. L 17 25 «« * " and Subofdinates, all sessions of, to open and close with prayer 17 25 " " certain action in, reviewed 14 190 ** " officers can fix time and place of a special session 10 198 " •* officers, election of, may be on Jirst day, when 16 200 " " officers can only purchase supplies of R. W. G. S 20 201 ** " membership in, construed 8 197 Grand Lodge, regalia for officers, members and Rep- resentatives of 18 25 ** ** must sustain or reverse action on appeal 14 73 *• •* cannot increase term of office. 4 196 ** •* failing to make returns for two years to be extinct 15 200 " " Constitution for 29 " " when to exercise full powers 3 196 ** ** to purchase "supplies," of R. W. G. L. only 20 201 " •* officers may not change place of meet- ing 9 198 Degree only to be conferred on full Degree Members.. 48 133 Grain, selling of, when a violation 153 369 G. W. C. Templars (see under T.). Grip, none to second Degree 56 134 " given to one not a G. T. not a violation 200 337 Guards can only leave posts, how 8 211 " R. W. G., duties of 4 17 '* 0. G. not on duty at opening of Lodge, to be recognized, etc 1 210 ** 0. G. may sit inside; to be on dutj' during recess 3,4 211 *• not on duty at recess, an examination must be had 6 211 not to admit children, when 9 211 XX INDEX. QuMrds, 0. G. to admit to ante-room without pass, whftu Guiltj', on plea of, no reference to Committee ne- cessarj'^ HiiU, dedication of *' may be publicly dedicated " legally dedicated by a W. C. T Honors, lost by expulsion or withdrawal " lost by suspension ** P. W. C 'J', appointed during first quarter, not entitled to follow one wherever he goes '* to be out of membership one year, lost Honorary membership in a Grand or Subordinate Lodge, forbidden Hops, selling of, when a violation Hop beer of commerce, drinking of, a violation Horse-racer and cock-fighter cannot be a Good Templar Hostetter's Bitters, use of, a violation Impeachment, officers and members liable to Immoral Practices, bringing Lodge into disrepute, a violation Indefinite postponement, effect of Initiatory obligation, perpetual *' word, how given " word may be given any time " word and Test word, same Initiation may be same evening of proposition *' may be, at a special meeting " members may be admitted during, when... candidates not to kneel during cannot initiate one drunk " proper to have intermission just after ^ of an expelled member, makes him a mem- ber, how ** at a private residence, how viewed " null and void in a certain case , of persons living nearer another Lodge, only allowed, when ** of an illegally elected person, makes a member in good standing ** of an expelled member, on dispensation, effect of on a night, on which Lodge resolved none should take place, valid ** Subordinate Lodges control absolutely, ex- cept when illegal ** cannot be, witbout charging fee *• an ofiicer, under charge, cannot take a part iCTION PAGK 10 211 120 95 379 62 233 67 2 '^3 47 260 41 258 276 3 212 1 212 l 156 154 329 It) 306 170 332 10 305 1 2 -••1 ^ 18 173 332 68 273 66 25(J 60 260 69 250 23 216 1 202 2 213 3 213 4 213 17 215 41 219 42 219 43 220 86 218 26 217 30 217 19 215 38 219 32 218 18 215 INDEX. Xxi SECTION PAOK Initiation, under an a«stm^ Installed, one re-elected, must be 15 224 *' one cannot be, until diies paid 16 224 '* by whom a Deputy may be 10 22:^ " an officer declining to take Degrees, can- not be 1 351 •* same evening, an officer to fill a vacancy may be 7 223 Inspector of whisky may be a G. T., when 10 158 Institution of a Lodge can only be by a G. W. C. T. or Deputy 86 155 Intoxication, ordinary signs of, sufficient to convict 154 10' » Jamaica ginger, use of, not a violation 18 306 Journal of R. W. G. L. to be published 4 I'J " reading and approving of ; how proceedings expunged from; how corrected 51 ** S. to record motions in, that do not prevail 1 225 ** W. C. T. may order correction of, if no ob- jection 2 220 " minutes of, cannot be erased or amended, when 4 225 ** minutes made to correspond with facts by a vote of Lodge 6 225 xxii INDEX. Journal, minutes of G. Lodges, G. Secretaries to publish Jurisdiction of R. W. G. Lodge " of G. Lodges Lager beer, use of, a violation of pledge Laws and usages, inquiries on, when entertained by R. W. G. L Law, one member may sue another at Lemonade, patent, not intoxicating, and not pro- hibited License, to sign a petition for, violation of obliga- tion •* to present petition for, by an attorney, viola- tion '« to advocate, a violation of obligation.. ** bond, a violation of obligation to sign '* Board, President of, to sign a license, not a violation *' Board, member of, to vote for license, a violation ; " for restaurants, etc., signing petition for, a violation " Village Clerk may sign petition for liife members, G. T. may be Liquors, to buy or take an order payable only in, a violation, when " intoxicating, a member paying for another to drink, violates " a member's breath constantly burthenod with fumes of, a ground for expulsion Location chartered of a Lodge, how changed Lodge, R. W. G., Grand and Subordinate (see under R., G. and S.). Maltster cannot be a G. T Marshal R. W. G. and Deputy, duties of " D. holds olfice during term, though Chair vacated •* to repeat to W. C. T. how " members should rise in giving P. W. to '* need not announce all votes to W. C. T Medicine, use of alcoholic mixtures as, discounte- nanced " use of alcoholic mixtures reprobated by R. W. G. L " liquors may be used as, when " liquors should not be used from homo ex- cept by travelers ** the sale of liquors R8f to be confined to physicians ** under a prohibitory liquor law, a Good Templar may sell, as BECTION PAOK 4 33 32 2 29 8 805 23 27 68 235 28 307 122 324 133 326 130 325 124, 125 324 # 135 326 134 326 128 325 85 267 70 173 193 336 176 332 194 336 17 109 16 158 3 17 20 175 2 226 3 226 4 226 54 313 52 312 66-67 311 73 316 98 313 99 319 INDEX. Medicine, use of liquors for anticipated sickness, a violation " prescribed by a physician, who deals in liquor, not justifiable Members of R. W. G. L. all eligible to office, and to vote, when " of one State, to be admitted into Lodges of every other State... ** suspended from a Lodge in one State, not to bo admitted to another State ** persons of one State, admitted to Lodges of another, how * of Lodge must serve on Committee unless excused •* of Lodge may not urge others to leave the Order ■ •* of Lodge may not reveal business of Lodge tu outsiders ** of G. Lodge, who Member, one elected a, in one Lodge, cannot be in- itiated by a sister Lodge without consent... " how allowed to visit out of the limits of his G. L Membership, no person can hold in more than one Grand or Subordinate Lodge at the same time *• Sub. Lodges ** immoral persons excluded from.. Memorials and appeals to R. W. G. L., how presented ** to G. Lodges, who can present Mental reservation does not release party Meetings, Lodge, may be held on first floor. ** of R. W. G. L., time of special, how and by whom called, what business can be done «• of R. W. G. L., who to call to order; to vrait fifteen minutes. ** of our Order not to be held on the Sab- bath, special may *• alternate, may be suspended, how " evening of, how changed Minor, placed in liquor store, not eligible to mem- bership. Money, not to be drawn, except appropriated ** orders for, cannot bo drawn now, for future services ** to loan another to buy liquor, a violation of pledge, when Motion to be reduced to writing, when ** may be withdrawn, when ** to reconsider a question, by whom made...... xxiil eSCTIOIt PAOB 61 314 62 314 5 14 1 20 3 20 2 20 37 231 203 337 38 231 3 29 9 23 11 23 9 23 1 38 3 157 1 69 2 35 219 339 33 230 12 18 61 20 109 28 110 32 229 81-83 317 2 K 8 m 177 332 67 58 68 rxiv INDEX. Motion to reconsider a second time cannot be had... '* to indefinitely postpone from " to lie on table, effect of " one making, not recognized, cannot address W. V. T Nomination of officers, how opened " of officers, when to be closed Notices, all official, to be under seal " to accused, to meet Lodge, to be under seal Notice for a epecial Degree meeting, how given " written, of charges, to be given ; may be sent by mail " of appeal, time of, and manner of serving, form of " right of, may be waived by accused to bo given accused Obligation, initiatory, perpetual " a suspended mem))er not released from... Oath, Committee cannot administer Offence, in a Subordinate Lodge, what constitutes.... Office, Committee is not, in a Constitutional sense '* Grand Lodges, power to prescribe terms on which, may be held Officer of law, selling liquor, does not violate obliga- tion Offences, Ex. Com. may investigate Officers of R. W. G. Lodge, liow chosen, and in- stalled " duty of to attend meetings of K. W. G. Lodge *' liable to impeachment and expulsion ** not to exercise office or nicmbership, during trial •* suspension from Subordinate Lodge, effect of * B. W. G., qualifications, how and when nom- inated and elected " may vacate seats during session, how " declining to receive degrees, cannot be in- stalled ** retiring, should sign returns ; on duty, to give salutation '* absent at opening, cannot claim his seat " election and installation of, may be after time fixed " only those nominated, to be voted for ** term of may not be increased •* election of, 173-183 ; installation of. ** of G. Lodge, what, how chosen *• " vacancies ♦* may be removed ** ** duties of. SECTION VAOB 58 58 59 10 240 20 176 15 175 82 89 80 89 64 135 83 5 70 83 89 1 47 1 273 DO 264 55 85 18 lf)9 1 280 7 281 96 319 5 86 1-3 13 A lo 1 18 o Xo o o Jo 1 19 1 -1 1 1 ooo 1 351 27, 28 230 25 229 33 178 4 173 4 196 221-225 31 3 31 4 32 32.33 INDEX. XX7 SECTION PAGE Offices, Sub. Lodges, what 1 40 '* *' vacancies 4 40 ** " terms and elections 5 40 " elective must be instulled 2 221 '* refusal to serve us^ not contempt 52 183 " elective, must be elected by ballot 1 173 " elective, Marshal may cast vote of Lodge for 1 173 ** old, hold over until new are qualified 14 224 ** re-elected, must be installed 15 224 " of Lodge fined, for absence at roll call 26 229 Officially, matters pass from the Lodge, when 17 228 Opening ceremonies, W. C. T. no right to enter during 15 354 Opium, habitual use of, a violation 29 307 Order of business, and rules of. 49 " questions of, decided by R. W. G. T 69 " appeal from chair to be in writing; signed; how submitted « 60 " questions of, debatable, when ; may be sub- mitted direct to Lodge 60 Orders of business may be dispensed with T 295 " how to be drawn 16 " not to be drawn for future services 8 295 Papers and periodicals, certain, prohibited 157 230 Password, traveling, necessary for visitors 11 23 traveling, who entitled to it 20 27 •* traveling, only to be given to those hav- ing cards ; 61 251 " traveling, given by W. C. T. of a Lodge he is visiting, how 62 251 ** traveling, how obtained 63 251 *' traveling, when changed 64 251 ** not tf be given in a loud voice, and only by W. C. T 6 242 " Deputies as sucJi, not to give it 10 243 •* Deg. Templars not to give it 30 245 '* from whom the W. C. T. sliould receive it 14 243 •* may be given to member of another Lodge, when 27-29 245 ** not to be sent to members in the army.... 48 248 ** not to be given unless members clear on books 20 244 ** members must have, to sit in Lodge 32 246 ** only to be given by G. W. S. to Lodges having made returns 52 249 ** members cannot enter on old S7 247 ** obtained in any way but from W. C. T. fraud 65 251 ** of the Degrees, how given 57 250 retiring given when, and by whom 66, 67 251 xzvi INDEX. SECTION PAOB Password and explanation both to be given, on ex- amination al opening of Lodge 58 260 " unlawfully giving or receiving of, viola- tion 196 336 " Q. of old quarter, not good in the new, when /. 52 249 " Q. one refusing to give, cannot sit in Lodge 33 246 ** Q. a suspended member having, cannot sit in Lodge 35 247 " Q. one without, and not entitled to, re- fusing to leave Lodge, may be expelled by force 34 246 ** Q. may be given to visiting members, when 29 246 •* cannot be given to W. C. T. before he is installed 11 243 " Marshal's duty respecting it 8 242 " who may give it 2 241 " may W. C. T. withhold, and when 15 243 " old one, used on night of installation 47 248 " Guard may demand in recess 39 247 " cannot be withheld in a certain case 69 252 " may be withheld from one under charge.. 15 243 " cannot be used by one in arrears * 16 243 " to be given by all entering in recess 7 211 " members to rise in giving to M 3 226 " giving a fictitious 171 105 " writing on a church 172 106 Past W. C. T.'s. (See under T.) Peer, a full degree member of whom 65 134 Penalty and results 252-273 '* Lodge failing to adopt, W. C. T. may repri- J mand... 34 257 • ** some must be imposed ; a promise to do bet- ter, not 8-12 254 " Lodge, refusing to inflict, forfeits charter 13 254 " may inflict a light one 14 254 " a member guilt}', cannot be excused from... 7 253 ** violators of obligation, reobligated before restoration 16-19 254 ^■ •* official notice of arrears to be given previous to suspension 63 261 ** notice of expulsion to be given to neighbor- ing Lodges 83 267 " reobligation is 10 254 ** members reobligated, not to resign Constitu- tion, when 17 254 Petition for a new Lodge, members should have a card, to 1 106 *• for a new Lodge, form of. 373 INDEX. xxvii Physicians' prescriptions, decisions relative to Plantation Bitters, use of, violation Platform of Good Templars Plea of guiltj', no reference to Committee necessary- Pledge, perpetuity of....?T " violation of, what constitutes " Good Templars " not to be given publicly Politics, not to be discussed Porters, for liquor establishments, cannot belong to Order Postpone, a report, motion to, maj' be made Postponement, indefinite, effect of " indefinite, of a proposition Prayer, Degree Lodges not be opened with ** all sessions of G. and Subordinate Lodges, to open and close with Presidents and clerks of License Boards, signing license, not a violation of pledge Presiding officer, to leave chair, to participate in dis- cussion Previous question, cannot be called in Committee of the whole " question, how called, not debatable ; not in order to adjourn •* question, cannot be reconsidered, nor called twice on same day " question, does not cut off amendment ** question can be called while one is speak- iug ** question not sustained, may be reconsidered Privileges of GjsLodge, who entitled to Profanity, use of, violation of obligation Proceedings of R. W. G. L. to be furnished G. Lodges Propositions mqst be written or printed " may be on same evening of initiation... Protests, how entered on the journal by minority.... Public installations, (See Installation.) Purchasing goods where liquor is sold, not a viola- tion ^ Quarter, when it closes ., Qualification of officers Questions all decided by a majority vote of order. (See under Order.) Quorum to transact business, what constitutes, R.W. G. L " of G. Lodge " for conferring degrees , Rank, clearance cards should show Recess after initiation, contemplated. <. SECTION 62-68 12 120 1 303 4 6 74 4 20 17 135 T 8 6 171 1 23 14 114 34 1 1 3 26 17 PAOl 314 306 274 95 273 341 20 213 236 318 52 58 39 130 25 326 60 66 63,64 64 239 239 64 30 332 25 160 216 318 322 299 280-283 19 18 30 44 117 21i XXviii INDEX. SECTION P10« Records, a Subordinate Lodge cannot expunge 3 226 KecoDsideration, motion for, by whom made 68 " how many times may be had 58 ** indefinite postponement of the mo- tion fur 68 " of ballot, electing or rejemng a candidate, proper 34 166 " motion for may be reconsidered; any one may make it 39 166 Reconsidered, a member acquitted, action cannot be 103, 104 93 " a vote granting clearance card, may be 34 117 " a motion to adjourn cannot be 11 67 Regalia of Order, what r . " members to wear that prescribed by R. W. G. L 5 283 ** G. L. only to be worn by a G. L. member..... 21 286 " desks, etc., taking away of, a violation 208 338 " scarf is not 3 283 " all Lodges must have some kind of. 2 283 " not proper to sit in Lodge without wearing 4 283 •* to be worn in public, when 11 284 ** of a Lodge, having surrendered its charter, G. Lodge hiis no right to 24 286 " G. Lodge of Conn., what 19 285 " third degree, what is it? 14 285 '* initiatory, members can be compelled to wear, when # 15 285 " degree, not to bo worn by subordinate officers 16,17 285 " decisions relative to collecting 22 286 Reinstatement of Degree members G 253 Rejection of members in Degree Lodges, effect of.... 57 134 " " may be reconsidered once 36 165 " " remarks on 88, 39 166 Reobligation applies only to violation of pledge 254 " added, when reprimand voted 36 258 " necessary to reinstate 32 257 " is a penalty 10 254 ** a certain case of..-. 33 257 " certain decisions in...., 61-63 363 " additional pledge recommended in 70 254 ** form of. 384 Report, annual, to be made by R. W. G. Templar 1 14 " " to be made by R. W, G. Secretary... 16 26 " " to be made by R. W. G. Treasurer... 1 16 " " ofG.W. C. T 1 32 •* " of G. Secretaries 4 33 " " of Lodge Deputy, form of, 369 * quarterly, by D. R. W. G. T. to R. W. Q. T.... 6 24 INDEX. XXix SECTION PAOB Report, a majority of a Committee may make, min" ority when 67 ** of Com. of Investigation, when to be acted on 109 93 Reports of Committees^(See Committees.) " of Comniittee^r Investigation of charge, party must be notified when to be acted on 78 89 Relief for distressed members, rule 64 234 Representatives, Grand, how chosen, and vacancies how filled 1 17 ** Grand, qualifications of, to be pro- vided with certificates 3 17 •* Grand, seats contested, how de- termined 6 17 *• Grand, to be examined ; to be fur- nished with R. W. G. L. Constitu- tion.. 13 25 Grand, to be furnished with neces- sary papers 14 26 •* Grand, expenses to R. W. G. L., how paid 19 290 Grand, basis of 2 17 ** Lodge cannot withdraw credentials of. 3 287 •* cannot appoint substitutes 4 287 cannot a new Subordinate Lodge, entitled to 18 290 ** cannot, proxy may be elected, and when to act 11 288 ** cannot of Sub. Temple, powers of.. 6 287 cannot, election of 1 287 " cannot, filling vacancies, proxy, etc, 7,8 287 •* to Grand Lodges, basis of. 4 29 " to Grand Lodges, election of. 5 29 *• to Grand Lodges, vacancies in... 5 29 to Grand Lodges, must be members of the Lodge represented 5 30 •* alternate, rights of. 12 288 " election of, in case of vacancy 7 287 " how many votes to cast 9 288 " elect, when entitled to privileges of 10 288 Reprimand and fine, both may be imposed 110 272 Resolutions, reprehensible, Lodge passing, forfeits charter 31 110 Retiring P. W. given when and by whom 66, 67 251 " oflicers should sign quarterly returns 27 230 " oflicers on duty, to give salutation, etc 29 230 Returns, quarterly, to be made by Subordinate Lodges to R. W. G. S 2 22 •* annual, by G. Lodges to R.W. G. S 8 28 from Degree Temple of. 4 44 XXX INDEX. SECTION TAOS Revenue of R. W. G. L 14 19 »' G. Lodges , 6 85 Rhubarb wine plant, when it may be cultivated 25 307 Right Worthy Grand Lodge, style of, only source of authority ; to grant charters to Grand L|rige8; annul Grand Lodge charters, control amr reg- ulate the written and unwritten work of the Order, to establish the Order in foreign coun- tries, jurisdiction over Subordinate Lodges, where no Grand Lodge exists ; to enact all laws of general application, what composes it. 1-9 12 ** Worthy Grand Lodge, to impeach and try oflBcers, time of meeting, special meetings, how called, quorum what, judge of certificates of members 18 ** Worthy Grand Lodge, rules of order to be adopted, journal to be kept 3,4 19 ** Worthy Grand Lodge, cannot set aside Con- stitution or By-laws 15 228 " Worthy Grand Lodge decisions binding 7,8 65 ** Worthy Grand Templar. (See under T.) Ritual, G. and Subordinate Lodges, to use such as prescribed by R. AV. G. L 17 25 no portion of to be omitted 1 291 ** cannot be used in public meetings 4 292 *' word dder stricken from. Lodge forfeits charter 5 292 " revision of, decision relative to 6 292 •* "Do you believe the existence of Almighty God," in, must be answered in affirmative 7 292 ** cannot be shown 8 292 « to be strictly observed.... 3 292 ♦* reprinting of, a violation 188 335 Roback bitters, use of, violation of obligation 12 306 Root beer, selling of, not a violation 27 307 " " may be used with care 26 307 Rosette of the Order, what 3 26 " same upon all regalia; a simple, not regalia... 1,2 283 Rules of Order not triable 166 103 " R. W. G. L..-. 49 Sabbath evening. Lodge cannot hold regular meet- ings on 20 109 '* special, may be held 21 109 " accused cannot be reported guilty of con- tempt for not appearing on 75 89 Saloon, temperance, keeping of, not a violation 119 323 " liquor, frequenting of, a violation 103-110 32'J *' liquor, spending time around, a violation 111-118 322 " free concert, performing as a musician in ... 209 338 Seal, each Grand Lodge to have a 6 12 Secretary, R. W. G., duties of 7 15 INDEX. XXxi SECTION PAQS ftecretaryi R. W. Q., compensation of 7 15 " R. W. G„ to make report of number of ' Grand Subordinate Lodges, when 7 16 ** R. W. G., to pay all dues and moneys to R. W. G. T. ....J.. 7 15 •« R. W. G., to r#ort annually ,. 16 25 ** Grand, to give cards, and form of. 367 •* Grand, duties of. 4 3*2 " Grand, Chairman of certain Committees... 4 32 " resigning, new election should be held 2 293 ** absent, W. A. S. to sign call for special meeting 3 293 •* omitting to record a vote, does not invali- date action 7 225 " must make and sign orders of Lodge 8 294 ** duty of in reference to degree fees 9 294 " acting pro ^m. may be fined 10 294 ** certain conduct of. 1 292 " cannot be appointed for balance of term... 6 293 " duty to furnish certified copies of minutes 7 294 Sale of grain, when a violation 153 329 Seed beer, drinking of, a violation 15 306 Sentinel must demand P. W. of all entering hall in recess 7 211 Scriptures, reading of, cannot be prevented 66 233 Sickness, feigned, as an excuse for use of liquor, a violation 62 312 Sick Committee cannot call on a suspended member 69 235 Sign, every one must, Constitution : 7 39 Signs of the Order, not explained by language 40, 41 231 Slander, charge may be for 165 103 Social parties cannot be held with Lodge funds 60 234 " " where wine is pjissed, decision with reference to 164 331 Speaking, not confined to twice or ten minutes, in Com. of the Whole not allowed iu any one, until recognized 61 ** members to confino themselves to the question, in 61 " member's right to the floor, how deter- mined 62 ** members to avoid all personalities in 62 ** members on any question, allowed but twice 62 Special Meetings, candidates may join at 1 212 " Meetings called A. S. to sign it 3 293 " Meetings, cards may be voted at 15 116 '* Committees. (See Committee.) Standing Committee. (See Committee.) Steamboat officer, when violates pledge 18 158 Storage of liquors, when not a violation 1U2 320 27 XXxii INBKX. 8ECTI0W PAOB Store selling liquor, owner of, may not be a member %1 t» f " selling liquor, by minor in it, by order of pa- rent, not eligible to niembership fil 317 Bub. Lodges, petition for charter, how instituted 1 22 *' visited once a year ; to make qutyrterly returns to R. VV. G. S f. 2 . 22 " to remit dues in current money; and expenses of 2,4 22 " to be under supervision of D. R. W. G. Templars 5 24 ** to use Ritual prescribed by R. W. G. L. 17 25 " regalia for 26 " failing to make returns, charters to be forfeited 22 27 •* refusing to admit a member, reinstated by Grand Lodge, forfeits charter 13 73 " cannot expunge their records, nor strike out a portion of a decision 9 295 •* may change chartered location, how 17 IW ** may visit another working irregularly, when 11 295 " need not surrender their regalia to G. L. with charter 24 286 " may erase name of applicant for charter, when 12 108 " infraction of Constitution by 18 109 •* must come under jurisdiction of G. L., when 17 296 " may expel those who are not members 4 295 ** may not try a D. R. W. G. T., or a D. G. W. C. T 24 297 ** may appeal, how and when 24 297 ** how and when, in contempt, etc 25 298 ** rule, on receiving members, under charges 22 297 " must inflict penalties 23 297 " may not publish action, when 38 231 *♦ disbanding, respecting property of. 42 - 178 " suspended, property of 14 296 " cannot pass resolutions of censure on G. L 3 294 •* regulates " Order of Business " 7 295 " By-laws of, when law ^ 26 298 " should bo, how named 27 298 ** may suspend its regular meetings, when 19, 20 297 " may surrender charter while under charge 29 100 ** surrendered, may go to work without fee. 35 299 •* Constitution for 38 ** insulted by another Lodge 12 296 INDEX. XXxiil 8BCTI0N PACT Btib, Lodgea cannot suspend a By-law 13 296 meetings cannot be controlled by Grand Lodge 21 297 ** cannot dispose of property so as to pre- vent working 15 296 Supplies, of whom G. Lodges to purchase ; definition 20 201 Suspension can only be by vote of Lodge 46 269 " no release from obligation 65 264 " for non-payment of dues, effect of. 51-60 261 '* one dying under, not to be in returns 67 264 " and fine, both may be imposed , 110 272 •* how admitted in certain cases 64 261 *' for non-payment of dues, how expelled... 55-61 262 ** how restored in certain cases 30 256 •* may not join another Lodge 64 263 " may enter another Lodge, when 78,79 266 ** should bo dealt with, for imposition, when 80, 81 266 ** respecting fees and dues of. 36 190 *• may not be expelled without a new trial 70 264 ** vote upon, decided in a certain case.. 106 271 •* forfeits honors 41 268 •* indefinite, no higher penalty recom- mended 71 264 •* need not be present to receive sentence.. 73 265 •* in Sub. Lodge, works suspension from Degree Temple 12 46 " may be voted, after refusal to expel 92 268 Table, motion to lay on 59 motion " to throw nnder," not parliamentary 11 240 ** motion laid on, for two weeks, not to be acted on in one 12 240 Tax, Lodge cannot levy 50 192 " levied by Sub. Lodge may not be paid 51 193 quarterly, respecting payment of, to Grand Lodge 62 193 Templar, R. W. G., duties of. 14, 24 •* R. W. G., appeals from 60 " R. W. G., how addressed 1 226 •* D. R. W. G. (See Deputies.) Q. W. C, decision of law 1 204 ** G. W. C, and depiities, only authority to decide appeals in the first instance 2 204 ** G. W. C. and deputies, may demand chair in Lodges when 8 204 ** G. W. C. should refer back action of a Sub- ordinate Lodge for informality 26 208 *• G. W. C. outranks all his deputies, and may supersede them 6 204 " G, W. C. may not demand the chair of Sub. Lodge, when 7 204 xxxiv INDEX. SEOTIOir PAOt Templar, Q. W. C. power to grant dispensations 17 206 " G. W. C, decisions of, to be reported 3 204 " G. W. C, duties of. ^ 1 32 *♦ G. W. C. becoming vacant, Counsellor en- titled to honors 28 209 '« G. W. C. re-elected, who is P. G. W. C. T... 29 209 '« G.W. 0., certain case in Mo. decided 30 209 •* G. W. C. cannot grant dispensation to in- itiate a rejected candidate 31 218 " D. G. W. C. (See Deputies.) ** W. C, preferring a charge. Committee to be appointed by W. V. T 20 80 " W. C. need not read charge in open Lodge 5 77 ** W. C, must be a degree member 3 351 ** W. C, refusinj; to abide decision of Lodge, forfeits seat 6 362 " W. C, not to allow any one to sit in Lodge, in arrears 49 368 " W. C, may be twice consecutively elected 17 354 " W. C, not eligible while holding commis- sion as D. G. W. C. T 21 146 ** W. C, an officer cannot vacate his seat without permission of. 11 353 ** W. C, cannot order any portion of record expunged, or aZ^^Tttrton 7,8 352 " W. C, cannot enter during opening cere- monies 15 364 •* W. C, may occupy chair, while under charge 64 369 " W. C, no power to line or reprimand a member 39-41 367 ** "W. C, cannot be elected to another office... 18 354 •* W. C, cannot bo compelled to resign 53 368 W. C, can call R. H. S. to chair, when ii6 366 '* W. C, can call any P. W. C. T. to chair, when 29 356 " W. C, may vote at the election of officers 60 368 " W. C, no power to fill vacancies with other officers 33 356 " W. C, must rule out unconstitutional mo- tions 43 367 " W. C, no member a right to correct 46-48 357 ** W. C, should prefer charges, when 67 3£8 " W. C, a degree member having violated Art. 2, must be reobligated in Degrees, be- fore acting as 68 369 *• W. C, not deciding vote, according to bal- lots cast, violates obligation 66 368 ** W. C, may excuse a Committee, when 63 234 " W. C, only officer displaced by Committee ©f the Whole 6 238 INDEX. XXXV Templar, W. C, cannot give casting rote, "when ^ " W. C., cannot decide members not voting, as voting yea •* W. C, may accept nomination at election.. W. C, acting, effect of resignation ** W. C., cannot be on financial committee.... " "W. C., administers obligation, when ** W. C, may be reobligated and resume duties, when *• W. C, may pass from one order of business to another, when •* W. C, cannot make an order on Treasurer, "when •* "W. C, not to make a motion while pre- siding •* W. C, may keep members in during re- cess *♦ W. C, should not give P. W., when " W. C, how addressed ** W. C, omitting ceremony in initiation violates obligation ** W. C, may invite a visiting W. C. T. to preside, how *• W. C, before installation of, what power he has •* W. C, duty of, in taking votes „ •* W. C, duties of *• W. v., may call a Deputy to chair W. v., should appoint a W. V. T.pro tern... *• W. v., to apiwint Committee of Investiga- tion *• W. v., duties of, in reference to Guards ** W. V.,7>ro tem., duties pertaining to Templars, P. W. C, appointed during first quarter, not entitled to honors ** P. W. C, honors of, once acquired, follow wherever he goes ** P. W. C, finable •* P. W. C, vacant on re-election of W. C. T. ** P. W. C, honors not forfeited in a certain case ** P. W, C, only filled from evening to even- ing •* P. VV. C, not obliged to prefer charges ** P. W. C, cannot install oflicers •* P. W. C, jurisdiction of, in given cases *• P. W. C, may not recognize members without regalia , * P. W. C, when absent, W. C. T. should be saluted m B£vTIOCf Q iyto 16 348 17 175 64 358 23 865 42 • 357 42 269 9 362 356 34 366 13,14 363 69 359 61 369 62 369 31 366 21 356 347 41 1 360 2 360 3 360 300 360 1 276 4 212 20 278 11 1 23 279 17 278 25 280 IX 223 7 216 18,19 278 22 279 xxxvi INDEX. SECTION rioi Templars, P. W. C, by appointment, respecting pow- ers of. 6 276 •* P. W. C, must have been a W. C. T. one term 2 276 " P. W. C, when not to recognize visiting members 21 278 " P. W. C, must ask leave of W. C. T. to retire 24 279 Teamsters for liquor establishments cannot belong to Order 86 818 " a G. T., did not violate pledge, when 102 321 Term explained 12 282 Test-word, indiscrinnnate use of. 188 337 Time or place, Committee of Investigation not con- fined to 29 81 •* charge holds good for no particular 39 82 Tobacco, use of, discountenanced 10,11 227 " liquor soaked, m&y not be used 37 309 Treasurer, 11. W. G,, duties of. 1, 2 16 " Grand, duties of. 5 33 " Sub. Lodge, duties of. 6 42 Traveling card 800 " card, effect of, in a certain case 10 801 " card, cannot join a Lodge on 4 300 " card expired does not affect membership... 5 300 " P. W. (See Pass-word.) Trustees of a Lodge control property, how 46 232 Unwritten work, how controlled 6 2 Vice Templar, R. W., duties of. 6 15 " G. W., duties of. 3 32 " W., duties of. 3 41 Violation of pledge, what constitutes 802 341 "Visit, how members nuiy, out of tlie limits of their own G. L 11 23 Visiting members from one State or Province, to be admitted to Lodges in every other State or Province 1 20 " members may be vouched for 18 344 " members how to enter Lodges 1 341 " members cannot speak but with consent 10 343 " members may fill office ^ro /em 11,15 343 " members may without T. card and P. W., when 17 344 " members. Lodge may refuse^ when 6 342 " members, privileges of 9 343 ** members by courtesy, not by right 8 342 •* *nembers, when may take part 10 343 ** effect of objecting to 7 342 " in Degree Temples : 7 138 Visitors may be refused admittance by Lodge 843 ** form for receiving 876 INDEX. xxxvii SECTION PAQI Vote, majority, decide all questions, except where a specific majority is required 7 19 " to expel, fine or suspend, to be by ballot 130 96 " W. C. T. to have, in all cases of ballot 61 358 " in trials in open Lodge, all may 54 134 " to suspend fixing time, debatable^ 72 266 •* a member refusing to, when yeas and nays are called, is in contempt 9 347 " casting, how construed as to W. C. T 15 348 " manner of writing names 23 350 *' all members present must, when« 4-7 347 " one cannot, and stand outside 10 348 " representatives present may cast full, of G. L., when 11 348 " representatives only can, when 12 348 " under Art. 8th, Un. Code 1 346 " in Brewster Lodge, Conn 3 346 " sundry decisions on 345 351 " one against whom charges are sustained can- not, until reinstated 116 94 Votes, not necessary for M. to announce all to W. C. T 4 226 " by the '* usual show," all presumed to be in the majority 68 Voting for a drinking man, relative to 143 327 Vouching may be done 11 23 " what it means 19 344 Wine, unfermented, drinking of, violation of pledge 4 303 " purrant, blackberry or elderberry, drinking of 6 303 " drops, use of, a violation 33 308 Withdi-awn persons, not entitled to cards 3 361 " persons, other Lodges to be notified 19 271 " persons may join in their own or other Lodges by initiation, before expiration of six months 24 364 ** persons not liable for violation of pledge 4 361 " persons can only re-join by initiation 25 364 • " persons lose all honors 22 364 Withdraw, persons must be clear on books to 6 362 " members cannot while under charge 19 363 Withdrawal, mode of. 1 361 " cannot be verbally by proxy„ 1 361 " certain words a sufficient 11 362 ** not necessary to become charter mem- bers for new Lodges 30 365 " notice of, may be withdrawn any time before name is stricken from roll 10 362 •* card, no such thing as 7 362 Witness, only, in a case, placed on Committee, ir- regular. 22 80 xxxviii INDEX. SECTIOir PAOX Work, written and nnwritten, how controlled^ 6 12 Worthy Chief Templar. (See under T.) Year, fiscal, when to commence 21 27 Yeas and Nays, how called 6 19 ** " cannot be called in Committee of the Whole ^ 06 JPy ^VLrs. ^. -p. JDhase. ■ ■ This work was written at the request of, and is dedi- cated to, the author's husband, S. B. Chase, P. K. W. G. T. of the R. W. G. L. of North America, and at present presiding officer of the Grand Lodge of Penn- sylvania. It is designed to answer, in a storied and attractive form, the objections made to the manner in which our organization works in the great Temperance Reform, as well as to show the inconsistencies of many of our good people with reference to temperance. We be- lieve it will prove an effective arm of service in our warfare if generally circulated. It is a book of 211 pages, 16mo. , price 90 cts, and will be sent, post-paid, on receipt of price. Usual discount to Grand Secretaries and the trade. Derry's Lake," "The Good Templar's Digest" and " The Good of the Order," all sent, post-paid, on. receipt of $2.50. Address S. B. CHASE, Great Bend Village, Pa, Recommendations for "Derry's Lake. "I have read 'Derry's Lake,' and most heartily do I thank its gifted author for this timely contribution to our temperance literature. It should be in every home, and carefully read by every parent in our land, for these pages most truthfully describe tbe shame and sorrow that so often flow from parental indulgence, indifference or bigotry. The youth earnestly striving to pursue that course which shall win earthly happiness or heavenly hope, will here find words of encourage- ment which will strengthen his noble resolutions ; and the wayward prodigal will here listen to voices which may lead him back, in peni- tence and humility, to paths of peace and happiness again." — J. H, Ome^ R, W. G, T, "The book will do good, and its eloquent defense of our Order, as an agency for a high and holy purpose, deserves the gratitude of every earnest Good Templar. " A well-written and effective temperance story, having as its purpose to show the value of temperance organizations, and especially of the Order of Good Templars; but showing also so vividly and truthfully the terrible effects of intemperance, in blighting the fairest lives and prospects of the young, as to make it a very powerful and impressive warning to them. The story is absorbingly interesting. It is pervaded with a trul}' Christian and religious spirit, and will be welcomed in many homes as just the book to convince and confirm the young in temperance principles, and lead them into active effort in behalf of the temperance reform. We commend it to our Sabbath-schools." — The Sunday-School Times, " It treats a branch of the subject of temperance that deserves more attention. It is a most excellent and useful book." — Wm. Hargreuves^ M. D,, Philadelphia. "Intensely interesting and very instructive. Every library should contain it. Every family should possess it. Everybody should read it." — Hev. W, C, Hendrickson, Bristol^ Pa, *:I believe our money invested in this hook for gratuitous distribution in our county would do more good than if expended in missionary leo tuning."— J". F. Shoemaker^ Esq.j Prothonotary, Susquehanna County, " Should be in the hands of every m 3mber of our Order, if for no other reason than to lend to the first friend who is opposed to the •Good Templars' on account of their secrets. It is Christian in senti- ment." — H, D. McGaw, State Lecturer^ Pa, " A lively and interesting book, showing the benefits of joining tbs Order and keeping its sacred obligations. It will well repay perusaL** —Naiional Temperance Advocate, "Eminently adapted to the purpose for which it was prepared."— Fernumt Temp. Adv. ** Many pages in the hook are not only eloquent, but of such a deeply Impressive character, that they cannot fail to move the sympathies of every reader in favor of the most important cause in the behalf of which she writes, and her entire argument is so lucid and cogent, that It must convince the judgment and conscience of every reader that tiie temperance cause is one in which they ought to be active laborers. ''These 'Sketches ' of Mrs. Chase have a special claim upon the atten- tion of Good Templars everywhere, as being adapted in an especial manner to aid the noble cause in which the ' Order' is so actively and successfully engaged. The book ought to be found in every Lodge, and its thrilling sketches read for the good of the Order, as well as owned and circulated as a ' Campaign Document' by-every friend of the Order and of the temperance cause," — Hev. J. B. McCi'cary, Washington^ B.C. " It ia a valuable addition to our popular temperance literature, and will do good into whosesoever hands it may fall." — James Blacky -KsQ^ Lancaster^ Fa. "I have never heard or read anything before that induced me to join the Good Templars ; but, since reading this book, the first time I go home I shall join the lodge." — A Popidar Lady Tea/:her in Westem Penth' sylvania, "I believe it will reach the conscience of the masses, and accomplish what ' Uncle Tom's Cabin' did in the anti-slavery cause." — J. K. Van I>om, Quincyy IIU " We never read anything that more fully enlisted the feelings of the reader, aiouses his indignation at the enormity of the liquor trafBc and the sin of those who fasten it upon us by legislative enactment, and de- termines with a resolute purpose to fight it to the bitter end. To follow the downward course of half a dozen boys of excellent opportunities, good intellects and noble impulses, brought to ruin by liquor soZd ac- cording to law, and to witness the agony of parents and friends as they vainly strove against the destruction of these dear boys, in whom were centered alike their affections and hopes, is intensely painful. Mra. Chase has made the cause and remedy so evident that the reader most deorlj see and acknowledge both." — Temperance Vindicator. "THE GOOD OP THE ORDER." BEING A SERIES OF Practical Articles Relative to the Working of GOOD TEMPLAR LODGES. By S. B. CHASE, P. R. W. G. T. Read what is said of this book in letters and papers just received. 1 can confidently recommend it to every Good Templar, for the many practical and valuable lessons which it contains. Individual fidelity tc its teachings cannot fail to secure the peace, harmony and efficiency of our Lodges.— From R. W. G. T. Orne. "Books are Helps," and the one by Bro. Chase, entitled "Good of the Order," will be an invaluable help to all true and earnest Good Templars. — From Miss Emily A. Rice, Principal of the Darien Seminary, Ck)nn. It is to the " Digest" what the soft parts of the body are to the skele- ton, imparting the form, symmetry and beauty of a practical applica- tion to the dry bones of Constitution, By-Laws, Rules and usages. — From Edward Aiken, M. D., Amherst, N. H. It contains advice and counsel much needed in our Order. If it has a gale commensurate with its worth, it will be immense. — From J. Nor- wood Clark, G. W. S., Iowa. It fills a want in the Order that has long been felt. — Temperana Standard, III. It would be well if every Good Templar in the State could have it, and be better posted in our practical workings. — Vindicator, Pa, Containing home truths which ought to be taught in every subor- dinate lodge. — Wisconsin Chief. Practical articles which must be promotive of growth and prosperity to every Lodge that reads and profits by them. — Temperance Patriot, iV. K It is a repository of practical suggestions about the " ways and means" of advancing the cause of Temperance through " our noble Order," set forth and illustrated with rare combination of elegance and force so characteristic of the honored writer. — Prohibition Herald, N. H. It is a charming book, and treats of almost everything connected with the successful working of a Lodge, and should be owned by every mem- ber of the Order. — N. J. Templar. Price, 50 cents. Sent by miil, post-paid, on receipt of price. Liberal discount by the dozen or hundred Address P?. CIXA.SE, <^eat Bend ViUage, Pa« TEIIVIPERAIVGK MUTUm BENEFIT ASSOCIATION, Chartered by Special ^Act of the Legislature of Penna. CENTRAL OFFICE: Great Benft Villase, Siispehanna County, Penna. CHARTER PERPEXrAI.. ASSES SABLE ASSETS, $3 00,000. Females cidniitted on JEtptal Terms with Males, This is an association of total abstainers, agreeing to pay a certain amount on the death of a member to the representatives of the de- ceased, and a small fee to defray the current expenses of the associa* tioo. To secure a benefit of $2000, when a corresponding number of cer- tificates shall have been issued : Membership Fee $10 OO Annual Dues, payable January 1st 2 10 One assessment to be paid at the time of becoming a member, and one upon the death of a member. A discount of ten per cent, will be allowed to those who pay five or more mortuary assessments in ad- vance. Assessments upon the death of a member are from $1 00 to $2 10, according to age. For further information and agencies, address the undersigned. Hon. S. B. CHASE, GREAT BEND VILLAGE, PA. OFFICEKS. HOB. S. B. CHASE, President. N. DU BOIS CHASE, Acting Secretary. lOHATEAN H. ORNE, Vice President. SAVINGS BANK OP NEW MILFORD, Treasaitjr, DIRECTORS. BON. S. B. CHASE, REV. JOHNX JEROME, HON. GEO. CORAY, WM. BMERT, L. L HLER, REV. H. A.TOSICKER, COL GEO. F. McFARLANB. t