THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA ENDOWED BY THE DIALECTIC AND PHILANTHROPIC SOCIETIES PA6807 .A5 L6 1900 DEC 1 7 75 This book is due at the LOUIS R. WILSON LIBRARY on the last date stamped under "Date Due." If not on hold it may be renewed by bringing it to the library. DATE ni?T DUE DATE DUE A lOEC 1 7 1994 3D 0 1 — * APR 1 9 200 ) form No. 5 13 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/aeneidofvirgilOOvirg_0 THE ^NEID OF VIRGIL UNIVERSITY OF N.C. AT CHAPEL HILL 10000881681 Virgil. Portrait. THE ^NEID OF VIRGIL TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH By JOHN D. LONG ILLUSTRATED BOSTON L. C. PAGE ^ COMPANY (Incorporated) MDCCCC COPYRIGHT, 1879- BY LOCKWOOD, UROOKS & CO. TO MY WIFE AND TWO LITTLE GIRLS SO OFTEN THE COMPANIONS OF MY WORK I DEDICATE IT OF THE TRANSLATION This, the avocation of the last year, is not printed because there is want of it, or merit in it. It is only my endeavor — good or bad — toward making a loyal translation of the ^neid into living English blank verse : it is my mite of tribute to the old studies, paid after drifting far from the academic inspira- tion and shelter ; and as it is a busy man's work and not a scholar's, perhaps, for that, something will be pardoned to its infelicities. It is accidental if coincidences with other translations occur. I refrained from reading them before finishing my own, be- cause, with a form of words in the mind, or in the eye even, it is almost impossible to express anew the idea they convey and not follow the pattern. On examining some of them, I am convinced that a rhyming version must always be paraphrase rather than translation, besides offending against classic dig- nity — like a modern bonnet on the head of Minerva. The most faithful translation is of course the best ; and in mine I have tried — not hesitating now and then at an anachronistic rendering, an obsolete word, or, where I thought the context warranted it, the language of common talk — to bring out for the most part in to-day's phrase, so far as I could, the force of all the Latin words. Perhaps some will read this. If so, they will renew, as I after twenty-five years have done, not only the kindly acquaint- ance of this Roman story-teller, but the happy morning of the school-boy's shining face and eager heart. J. D. L. HiNGHAM, April 19, 1879. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Virgil Portrait . . Frontispiece Triton From the Vatican . . 14 Helen of Troy Sir Frederick Leighton 62 Ancient Italy J. M. W. Turner . . 92 Eneas at the Court of Dido P. Guerin .... 106 The Boxer Canova- Vatican . . 148 Cum^an Sibyl Domenichino . . . 169 Circe and the Companions of Ulysses Briton Rivih-e ... 208 The Tiber From the Louvre . . 244 Iris From the Gallery of St. Luke, Rome 273 Jove From the Vatican . . 309 Aurora Gtiido Reni .... 349 Juno . . . . • From the Vatican . . 395 THE ^NEID. FIRST BOOK. T SING of war. I sing the man who erst, From off the shore of Troy fate-hunted, came To the Lavinian coast in Italy, Hard pressed on land and sea, the gods malign, Fierce Juno's hate unslaked. Much too in war He bore while he a city built, and set His gods in Latium. Thence the Latin race, Our Alban sires, the walls of haughty Rome ! Tell me, O Muse, why 'twas, whose will defied, At what enraged, the queen of gods drove forth A man for reverence famed, so many blows To bear, so many toils to undergo ! Is there such bitterness of hate in heaven ? Long time ago the city Carthage stood, Inhabited by colonists from Tyre, Well off the Tiber's mouth and Italy, Rich in resources, and to battle swift. lO THE iENEID. They say that Juno loved it more alone Than all earth else, more e'en than Samos. Here Her arms, her chariot were : the goddess long Had nursed and cherished it in hope, if fate Were kind, to give it o'er all nations rule. For she had heard of seed from Trojan blood, That yet would topple down the Tyrian towers ; That thence a race victorious in its arms, 25 Its empire wide, would come — so ran the Fates — To blot out Libya. Fearful e'er of this, Remembering too the war which she of old Was first to wage 'gainst Troy for her dear Greece, The causes of her hate and her keen wrongs 30 Still vexed her soul. Deep in her heart had sunk The award that Paris made, the slight that passed Her beauty by, her hatred of his race, And the honors of the kidnapped Ganymede. By these inflamed, from Latium far she drove, 3S O'er the whole ocean tossed, what men of Troy The Greeks and dire Achilles spared. Fate-driven, They wandered many years all seas around. So much it cost to found the Roman State ! Their sails were gayly spread, their brazen beaks ^° Ploughing the salt sea-foam scarce out of sight Of Sicily, when Juno, still at heart Nursing her hurt, thus pondered with herself ; " Foiled, shall I stay my purpose, powerless To keep from Italy this Trojan king? 4S Ay ! fate forbids 1 Yet could not Pallas wreck And sink at sea the Grecian fleet for naught But Ajax' frenzied guilt, Oileus' son ? BOOK 1. Tl She, hurling from the clouds Jove's lightning bolt, In pieces dashed his boats, with winds upturned 5° The waves, and in the whirl caught Ajax up, And on a jut of rock impaled his corse. But I walk queen of gods, sister and wife Of Jove, yet with one tribe so many years Wage war ! Who now is awed at Juno's might ! ss What beggar at her shrine will offering lay ! " Thus chafing in her own embittered heart. The goddess to ^olia comes apace — The home of storms, and womb of raging winds. Here rules king ^olus in cavern huge, ^ And thralls in chains and cell the angry blasts And bellowing tempests. They in fury rush With mighty roar about their mountain keep. Sceptre in hand, at peak sits ^olus. And curbs their will and calms their ire. For else The sea, the land, high heaven itself they quick Would lift away with them and sweep through space. But the Almighty Father, fearing this. Hath shut them in dark caves, and on them laid The mountains' towering mass, and o'er them set 7° A king discreet to hold them in strict hest Or give loose reins when bidden. Unto him Thus Juno speaks, a suppliant : "tEoIus, — For unto thee the Father of the gods And king of men hath given to calm the waves 7S Or toss them with the wind — a race I hate Sails on the Tuscan sea, transporting Troy And its cowed household gods to Italy. Give thy winds might, and wreck their sinking boats, 12 THE iENEID. Or sparse and whelm their corses in the deep. Twice seven nymphs I have of fairest shape ; Dei'opeia, loveliest shape of all, I'll give in wedlock true and vow her thine, With thee forever for thy great desert To live, and make thee sire of children fair." Back ^olus : " 'Tis thine, O queen, to ask Whate'er thou wilt ; my part to do what bid. To thee my power, my sceptre, Jove's regard, I owe j thou bid'st me banquet with the gods ; Thou mak'st me lord of tempest and of storm." 90 So spake, and turned his spear, and smote with it The hollow mountain side. In column massed. Forth charge the winds where'er a port, and sweep The earth with blasts. The wind from East, the wind From South, from South-west thick with rain, leap down 95 Together on the sea, and from its dregs Upturn it all, and roll vast waves to shore. Then come the sailors' shouts, the crack of roaps. Clouds quick snatch sky and day from Trojan eyes : Black night broods o'er the deep : thunders all heaven ; With the incessant lightning gleams the air. All nature threats the men with instant death. Palsied are then Eneas' limbs with cold. He groans and, both hands lifted toward the stars. Thus cries aloud : " Thrice, four times blessed ye, Who haply under Troy's high walls met death ! O Diomed, bravest of Grecian blood, Why could not I fall dead on Ilian soil, BOOK I. 13 And pour by thy right hand this heart's blood out, Where Hector brave, slain by Achilles' spear, "° And huge Sarpedon lie, and Simois drags, Engorged beneath its waves, so many shields. Helmets and corses of heroic men! " Shrill from the north the blast beat down the sail Full in his face, as thus he cried, and tossed "S The spray to heaven. The oars are snapt. Round goes The bow, broadside to sea. In deluge pours The tumbling mountain wave : upon its crest Some hang ; to some the yawning waves disclose The earth between : the tide roils up the sand. «° Three wrecks the South wind drives on sunken rocks, Which, as their huge backs swell from out the sea, The Italians call the Altars. Three on shoals And spits the East wind forces, — sorry sight — Sets them aground, and banks them in the sands. "S One, with the Lycians and Orontes true, A huge sea strikes, before Eneas' eyes, Straight down astern ; its leaning helmsman falls And headlong rolls : it round and round and round One circling eddy spins, then gorges it In the swift vortex of the sea. Dispersed Mid that vast whirl of waters float the crew, And 'neath the waves the warriors' arms, the wares And wealth of Troy. And now the storm o'ercomes The stout boat of Ilioneus, of brave *3S Achates, that which Abas bore, and that *Vhich old Alethes. All, their joints apart, 14 THE iENEID. Let in the ruthless flood and gape in cracks. Meanwhile doth Neptune scent a storm abroad, Loud uproar on the sea, the very deep h° Upturned. Moved greatly, up he looks, and lifts His head benignant o'er the topmost wave. He sees Eneas' wrecks on all the main. The Trojans pressed by flood, and ruin rained From heaven. Nor Juno's wiles nor hate escape Her brother. He the East wind and the West Calls unto him, and thus anon he speaks : " Hath faith in any lineage of yours So seized you that ye dare, by me unbid. Dash heaven and earth in one, and raise so wild ^5° A storm, ye Winds ? Whom I ! But let me calm The raging waves. Ye shall not thus again Offend and pay like penalty. Make quick Your flight, and to your king say this : Not his The empire of the sea, the trident dread : ^ss They were alloted me. Some rocky wilds He holds, thy home, East wind. There in his courts Let ^olus make boast ; there rule supreme Within the pent-up prison of the winds." So saying, quicklier than said, he calms »^ The swollen sea, dispels the gathered clouds. And brings again the sun. From off the reefs At once, with Triton's help, Cymothoe Doth lift the boats, while he his trident lends, Great sand-banks pries apart, then stills the deep ^^s And in his light car o'er the water rolls. So riot oft in some great mob begins j Triton. From the Vaticaa. BOOK I. 15 The low-bred herd grow frantic ; all at once Stones fly and fire-brands ; frenzy finds them arms. Yet if some man of weight for worth and truth ^7° They note, listening and still they stand while he Rules with a word their wills and calms their ire. So all this tumult of the deep subsides When o'er the waters forth the Father looks And, through the clear air gliding, guides his steeds And gives them rein, while swiftly flies his car. Worn out, the Trojans struggle now to reach The nearest shore, and turn to Libya's strand. The spot, an inlet deep. An island there With outstretched arms makes port, where every wave From seaward breaks and faints in gentle ebb. High cliffs each side ; twin summits threaten heaven. While 'neath them rests the water safe and still. Above it lean a stretch of glinting leaves. And groves of sombre shade. In front, a cave ^^s Of hanging rock, cool springs within, and seats Of living granite — grotto of the nymphs. There needs no hawser for the weary craft, No anchor with its crooked fluke to hold, -^neas enters here with seven boats left *9o Of all his fleet. The Trojans, wild to land. Leap out and seize the beach they longed for so ; There drenched with brine, they stretch them on the sand. Quick from the flint Achates strikes a spark. Then feeds the fire with leaves, dry kindlings heaps *9S i6 THE iENEID. Above, and through the fuel fans the flame. Though fagged with toil, they land their sea-soaked grain And milling ware, and haste to parch with fire What corn is saved, and grind it with a stone. Meantime ^neas mounts the cliff and scans All out to sea the view, if haply he Find Antheus tossed, the two-banked Phrygian boats, Capys, or, high astern, Caicus' shield. No ship in sight, but on the shore he sees Three wandering stags. Whole droves are at their heels, And through the glades the long line feeds. He stops, And catches up the bow and arrows swift Which good Achates holds. The leaders first, Lifting their tall heads and their branching horns, He strikes, and next the herd. Then, with his shafts, 2" All through the leafy grove he scatters them, Nor stays the conquest till — one for each boat — He stretches seven huge carcasses aground. With these he seeks the harbor, and among His men divides them all. Divides he, too, The wine which, when from the Sicilian shore They came away, Acestes, kindly host. Had put in casks and given to them. Then he speaks. And calms their sorrowing hearts : " O friends, for oft Have we been made acquaint with ills — oh ye, ^"-^ Who worse have borne, these too the gods will end. The rage of Scylla's rocks, that roared far down, BOOK 1. 17 Ye met. Ye dared the Cyclopean reefs. Pluck up your hearts ! Away weak fears ! Some day May yet be happier for remembering this. "5 With varied lot, through many risks we go To Latium, where a quiet home is sure : Ours there the Trojan kingdom to rebuild ! Be brave, and keep yourselves for better things." So speaks : but, faint with carking care, he feigns 230 Cheer on his face, and keeps his sad heart down. They for the game and coming feast prepare, Rip from the ribs the hide, and bare the flesh ; Some fix on spits the quivering strips they cut ; Some brazen kettles set, and tend the fires. 235 Food plucks their courage up : stretched on the grass. They fill them with old wine and juicy steaks. Hunger with feasting stayed, the tables cleared. They linger, talking back their missing mates. In doubt, 'twixt hope and fear, whether to think ^40 These live, or, past all pangs, answer no more Their comrades' call. Pious ^neas most Mourns by himself now bold Orontes' lot, Now that of Amycus, Lycus' sad fate. And both brave Gyas and Cloanthus brave. 245 So the day closed. Then from ethereal heights Down-looking on the sail-swept sea, on earth Outspread, on shores and nations vast, stood Jove At heaven's high arch, and scanned the Libyan realms. To him heart-weary of such great concerns, 250 Sadder than wont, her bright eyes dinimed with tears, Venus appeals : " Oh thou, who reign'st fore'er 2 i8 THE ^NEID. O'er all things human and divine, and who With thunder aw'st, what wrong to thee so great Could my ^neas or the Trojans do, 255 That, suffering death in every form, now shuts The world's whole orb to bar them Italy ? 'Twas sure thy promise that from them one day, In years to come, should Roman sovereigns spring, Restored from Teucer's seed to native soil, 260 To hold o'er earth and sea unbroken sway. Father, what influence turns thee now ? With this, Offsetting fate to fate, I better bore, In sooth, the sack and awful fall of Troy ; And yet, though through so many hardships haled, 265 Still the same fortune dogs these men. What end Unto their miseries dost thou give, great king ? Antenor, 'scaping from the Grecian midst, Could safe essay th' Illyrian seas, the far Interior kingdom of Liburnia reach, 270 And pass beyond Timavus' fountain-head. Where by nine mouths it pours a rushing sea Mid the loud echoes of the hills, and whelms The fields with ocean's roar. Yet founded he The city Padua there, built Trojan homes, 275 Gave to a nation name, the arms of Troy Hung up, and in sweet peace is now at rest. Thy seed, whom thou did'st pledge a throne in heaven, Our galleys wrecked, we glut one woman's hate. Ye gods ! and from the shores of Italy Are torn afar. The meed of piety Is this ? Dost so restore us to our realm ? " BOOK 1. 19 Half laughing at her, with the look that calms The storms of heaven, Father of men and gods. He kissed his daughter's lips, and this he said : 285 " Queen of Cythera, spare thy fears. Unchanged Remains thy children's fate ; the promised walls And city of Lavinium thou shalt see. And bear magnanimous ^neas high To starry heaven. Me no influence turns. Nay, lest care fret thee, I will thee disclose — The secret scroll of destiny unrolled — That he in Italy shall wage great wars. Subdue bold tribes, give laws and homes to men, While he three summers shall in Latium reign, 295 And winters three succeed the overthrow Of the Rutulians. But Ascahius next. His boy, lulus then — Ilus it was, While reigned the Trojan state — shall empire hold Thirty full circles of on-rolling months, 300 Then move his kingdom from Lavinium's seat, And Alba Longa gird with mighty walls. There full three hundred years shall Hector's race Be king, till the nun-princess Ilia bear To Mars two children at a single birth. 305 Thence Romulus, proud of his tawny robe Of wolf that nursed him, shall the nation sway, A fortress build, and, from his own name, call It Rome, to which no mete of power or time I set, but give it empire without end. 310 E'en vengeful Juno, racking now with fear Sea, earth and heaven, shall turn to better thoughts, And love, like me, the Romans, when they wear 20 THE ^NEID. The toga and are masters of the world. Such is my will. Swift years will bring a day 3is When sons of Troy shall hold in servitude Phthia and renowned Mycenae, lording it Over a vanquished Argos. Then shall spring Caesar of noble Trojan stock, whose rule The ocean bounds, whose fame the stars — the name Of Julius his from great lulus drawn. Him, laden with the spoils of Orient, Thou sure shalt have at last in heaven : he, too. With prayers shall be invoked. Then, wars shall cease ; A hard age melt ; white Faith and Purity, 325 The sainted brother souls of Romulus And Remus mould the laws ; and War's grim gates Shall shut with iron bars and solid joints, While godless Fury howls within, enthroned On brutal arms, hideous with bloody mouth, 330 And with a hundred brazen chains bound back." So Jove replies : and sends down Maia's son To make the Trojans welcome to the soil And new-built roofs of Carthage ; Dido else. Heedless of fate, had barred them from her bounds. 335 He glides, with wings for oars, through airy space : Now stands on Libya's shore, and does what bid. The Carthaginians at his will abate Their churlishness; but most their queen's kind heart And gentle thoughts befriend the Trojan guests. 340 Pious ^neas, tossed all riight with care, Soon as the blessed day-light breaks, goes forth BOOK L 21 To explore new paths, to find upon what coast The winds have blown him, whether men or beasts Dwell in its wilds, and to his crews report 34S The truth. Beneath the cliffs o'erarched with woods, Shut round with forests and their sombre shade. He sees his fleet. Sole comrade of his way, Achates swings two broad-head iron spears. Half through the wood his mother thwarts his path 350 With maiden face and garb, with weapons like A Spartan girl's, nay, like the Thracian maid Harpalyce, who wearies out her steeds, And faster than swift Hebrus runs. So, too. Her light bow o'er her shoulder she had flung, 355 And loosed her hair to revel with the winds. Her knee just bared, a huntress with her frock's Full folds ingathered with a knot. She first To speak : " Pray tell me, masters, have you chanced To see, here wandering, any mate of mine, 360 With quiver girt and spotted robe of lynx, The panting wild boar chasing with a shout." So Venus ; but the son of Venus thus : " Naught have I heard or seen of mate of thine, O maiden, whom, with neither mortal face 365 Nor human voice, I know not how to call. Oh ! goddess sure, Apollo's sister thou Or kin of nymphs ! whoe'er thou art, be kind. Lighten our toil, and tell us 'neath what sky, Upon what border of the world at last 370 We are astray. We wander ignorant all Of habitant or place, here driven by winds And billows vast. So, many a victim, struck 22 THE ^NEID. By my right hand, shall at thine altars fall." Then Venus said: " I am not worth such rites. 375 Oft thus we Tyrian girls the quiver bear, And high with purple buskin bind the leg. It is the Carthaginian realm thou seest, The city of Agenor's countrymen, Of Tyrian colonists on Lybia's soil, 380 A stubborn, warlike race by Dido ruled. Who fleeing from her brother came from Tyre. Her wrong is great, the story long ; yet will I touch its outer lines. Sichaeus was Her husband, richest man in Tyre, and loved 385 With all the heart of his ill-fated wife. While yet a maid, her father gave her him With every blessing on the match. Ah ! then Pygmalion, her own brother, was the king Of Tyre, in crime no monster such as he. 390 A quarrel rose. Blasphemer, blind with lust For gold, all reckless of his sister's heart. By stealth he stabbed Sichaeus, off his guard And at the altar-front. Long time he hid The deed. With lies and lies the villain tricked 395 Her yearning, hope-deluded, broken heart Till her unburied husband's ghost, his weird Pale visage lifting, came to her in sleep. Unwrapped the dagger-stab upon his breast, And bared the bloody altars and the whole 400 Hid horror of the house. He bids her haste To flee her native land. To help her on. He shows her treasures in the earth, a mass Unknown of silver and of gold. So spurred, BOOK I. 23 She makes to fly, and seeks allies, whome'er 40s The cruel tyrant hates or meanly fears. What galleys hap be fitted out, they seize And load with gold. The wealth Pygmalion craved Is borne to sea — a woman at the fore. This spot they found, where now you see great walls — ' New Carthage with its rising citadel ; Here land they bought, as much, called Byrsa thence, As with a bull's hide they could circle in. But who are ye ? from what shore do ye come ? And whither go ? " With sighs, and from a full 415 Heart's depths, to her inquiries he replies : " Were I to tell, O goddess, or could'st thou But stay to hear, the story of our toils From first till now, the evening star would seal The shut of day behind the sunset bars. ■♦«» From ancient Troy, if ever to your ears The name of Troy hath come, o'er many seas Conveyed, the storm's caprice hath forced us make This Libyan coast. Pious ^neas I, Who carry in my fleet my country's gods, 425 Which from the foe I saved. My fame surmounts The stars. I seek to go to Italy, — Land of my sires, who sprang from mighty Jove. My goddess mother pointing out the way, With twenty boats I rode the Phrygian sea, 430 Obeying the decrees of fate. Scarce seven. Shattered by wind and wave, remain. And I, From Europe and from Asia driven, unknown, In want, here through the wilds of Libya stray.'* 24 THE ^NEID. She could not bear to hear him sorrow more, 43s And interrupted thus his grief midway : " Whoe'er thou art, I cannot think thou liv'st To breathe the invigorating air and reach Our Tyrian gates, yet the gods hate thee so. Straight hence go to the threshold of our queen, 440 For if my blinded parents taught me not In vain the art of augury, I behold Thy shipmates back, thy fleet restored, safe sped By change of wind. Lo ! there, a line of twelve Exultant swans, whom late, swooping from forth 44S The cloudless sky, Jove's eagle scattered far And wide beneath the outstretching heavens ; now They seem to take the earth, then all at once To be down-looking at it. E'en as they, Their peril over, sport with flapping wings, 45° And circle round about, and burst in song, So too thy craft and crews either in port At anchor lie, or make it, all sail set. Go on, and where the way leads, guide thy feet." She spake, but, as she turned, flashed from hei neck 455 A rosy glow : ambrosial tresses breathed A heavenly fragrance from her head : her robe Fell flowing down along her feet : and lo ! There was the very goddess in her step. He knew his mother then, and, as she fled, 460 Pursued and cried : " Why, cruel too, dost thou Delude thy son with sembling shapes ? Why may Not we clasp hand with hand, and know we speak And hear each other's voice ? " Thus he complains, BOOK I. 25 And toward the city wends. But as they go, ^^'^ Venus with mist and many a cloudy fold Veils them, that none can either see, or touch. Or stay, or ask them why they come. Upborne, She glides to Paphos, glad again to rest In her own haunts. Her temple there; and there 47*. Glow with Sabaean myrrh her hundred shrines That breathe with fragrance from fresh dewy flowers. Meantime they hasten, keeping to the path. And now they mount a hill, which high o'erhangs The town and looks down fronting on its towers. 47s ^neas wonders at so great a town — Where yesterday were huts — its gates, its streets. Its busy stir. The Tyrians hard at work, Some lay out walls, the turret raise, or roll Hugh rocks hand over hand, while others choose 480 And with a furrow mark out dwelling lots. They build for laws and courts and senate grave. Here some dig down to set the city gates : The deep foundations of the theatre Here others lay, and hew great granite shafts 485 High raised to decorate the coming stage. 'Tis like the busy industry of bees. That in the early summer-time all day Through flowery fields lead forth their adult young, Or store the exuding honey and distend 490 Their cells with the sweet sap, or take from those Who come their load of sweets, or with a rush Drive from the hives the drones — a sluggard swarm: The work glows on^: sweet thyme the honey breathes. His eyes uplifted o'er the city's heights, 495 26 THE iENEID. ^neas cries : " Oh happy ye, whose walls Already rise ! " Enveloped in the cloud, He mingles with the throng, advancing through Its midst, yet strange to say is seen by none. Just in the centre of the city stood s*^ A grove of thickest shade, in which, when first The Carthaginians came after their toss By wind and wave, at royal Juno's hint They dug and found the head of a wild horse, — A sign the race would be renowned in war, 505 With ease a sovereign power for centuries thence. Sidonian Dido here a temple vast To Juno was erecting, rich in gifts. And in the favor of the goddess blest. Above its steps a brazen threshold rose ; s»o Door-posts of brass adjoined ; and brazen doors Upon their hinges creaked. 'Twas here the first New gleam of fortune banished fear. Here first ^neas dared for safety hope, and put A braver trust in his adversities. 5»s For while, the queen awaiting, he surveys All parts of the great temple, and admires The artists' varying handiwork, their slow Laborious pains, and wonders what will be The city's fate, he sees, in order ranged, szo The Ilian fights, the story of a war * Now known throughout the world : there Atreus' sons He sees, and Priam, and, implacable To both, Achilles. Rooted, and in tears, ^neas cries: "What spot, Achates, now, 525 What region of the world, but echoes back BOOK 1. 27 The story of our woes ? Lo, Priam there ! E'en here hath worth reward, and grief its tears, And human sorrows touch the heart. Away With fear ; such fame will some deliverance bring." 530 Upon the painted counterfeit he feeds With many a groan, tears pouring down his face. For this he sees. Battling around the walls Of Troy, here fly the Greeks, the Trojan ranks Pursue: here fly the Trojans from the crest S35 And chariot of Achilles charging home. Close by, he weeps to see again the tents Of Rhesus with their curtains white as snow. Whose camp no sooner sleeps than sleep betrays, And bloody Diomed with slaughter fills, S4o Its thirty steeds impounding ere they taste Of Trojan grass or drink from Xanthus' stream. Elsewhere, the flight of Troilus, wretched boy, — No match to fight Achilles ; armor off. His horses drag him, hanging on his back S45 Behind an empty car, yet holding fast The reins : his hair and shoulders scrape the earth ; The inverted spear writes blood upon the dust. And next, their hair aflight, beating their breasts, The Trojan mothers to the temple go 55° Of angry Pallas, and, sad suppHcants, Bring there their gift, a rich embroidered robe : Away the goddess turns and keeps her eyes Riveted on the ground. Around the walls Of Troy three times Achilles Hector drags, sss His lifeless body bartering there for gold. 28 THE ^NEID. Then did indeed ^neas groan aloud, E'en from the bottom of his heart, to see The captured arms, the car, the very corse Of his dear friend, and Priam stretching out s6o His feeble hands. There saw he, too, himself Thick in the fight amid the Grecian chiefs, Swart Memnon's banner, and the Eastern troops. Fiery Penthesilea leads on her ranks Of Amazons, armed with their crescent shields ; s^s She mid the host burns eager for the fray. A golden zone bound 'neath her swelling breast. Warrior and maid, she dares to cope with men. While thus yEneas at these w^onders stares, Entranced and held in one unbroken gaze, 570 Dido into the temple comes in state, The loveliest shape on earth, a numerous train Of courtiers round her. So Diana leads Upon Eurotas' banks or Cynthus' heights The choral dance, a thousand mountain-nymphs szs In bosky clusters following here and there ; A quiver from her shoulder flung, she glides Along and towers above them all, while joy The peaceful bosom of Latona thrills. And such was Dido : happy thus she bore s8o Herself amid the throng, upon her work And future realm intent. Before the gates Of her own goddess, 'neath the temple's arch. High on her throne and girt with armed men She sits. Unto her subjects she begins s^s Administering justice and the law, Due shares of v.^ork assigns or draws by lot, BOOK L 29 When all at once ^neas sees approach — A great crowd following after them — Antheus, Sergestus, brave Cloanthus, and with them 590 Yet other Trojans, whom the storm had spersed Upon the deep or forced to other shores. He and Achates both, alike 'twixt joy And fear distraught, are hot to clasp right hands. Eager, yet puzzled by this strange event, 595 They keep concealed, and through their cloudy veil Look out to learn what fate these men have had, Where on the shore they leave their boats, and why They thither come. For spokesmen now advance, Selected from the crews, who audience ask, And seek the temple with their loud appeal. Admitted with full leave to speak the queen, Ilioneus, the oldest, calmly thus Begins : " O queen, whom Jupiter permits To stablish this new city and control A haughty people with just rule, storm-tossed O'er every sea we wretched men of Troy Implore thee, do not loose upon our fleet The outraging flames. Spare thou a pious race, And heed more nearly our necessities. 610 Not to destroy with sword these Tyrian homes. Or pile the shore with pillage, have we come. Our hearts lodge not such insolence, nor is't The humbled make so bold. There is a tract, The Grecians call its name Hesperia : 'tis ^'i An old land, stout at war, and rich its soil ; The Enotrians tilled it once. But now 'tis said That their descendants name it Italy — 30 THE ^NEID. Some chieftain's name. Thither our course, when lo I Stormy Orion strode above the deep, 620 The South wind beat, the sea broke over us And forced us on hid shoals, and drove us far O'er waves and lurking rocks. Few left, we drift Upon these shores. What race of men are these ? What churlish land, that hath such usages } We are denied the shelter of the beach : They fight us and forbid us e'en to step Upon the margin of the shore. But know. The gods lay up the good deed and the bad. ^neas was our king ; no man of truer worth, None braver lives in war and arms. If him The fates preserve, if still he breathes the air. Nor yet within the fatal shadow lies, No fear for us, nor e'er wilt thou regret Thou strov'st to do the first kind offices. War-stores we have in Sicily, there too Kin cities, and renowned Acestes born Of Trojan stock. Let us but beach our boats. Now shattered with the storm, and fit us spars Out of these woods, and cut new oars, that we ^4© With gladdened hearts may hence for Latium push And Italy, if ours it be, with king And mates restored, e'er Italy to reach ; But if, O best of Trojan leaders, thou. Our savior, art no more, and Libya's sea ^^s Engulfs thee, nor is any hope that yet lulus lives, then that we may at least Seek the Sicilian sea, the settlements A-lready made from which we hither came, BOOK I. 31 And king Acestes." Thus Ilioneus, And all the other Trojans make assent. Then briefly Dido speaks with modest look : "Let fear depart your hearts, and have no care. Necessity, the newness of the state Force me to do this, and with sentinels ^ss To guard my stretch of coast. Who does not know Of Troy, its people and their valorous deeds, Its heroes and the blaze of its great war ? We Carthaginains have not hearts so hard, The sun yokes not his steeds so far from this Our Tyrian city. If it be ye seek The great Hesperia and the Italian fields, Or Eryx' land and king Acestes, I Will aid you with my means, and send you safe Away; or, would you stay on equal terms ^^s Within my realm, this city which you see Is yours. Bring up your fleet. From Troy or: Tyre Shall no distinction make with me. I would Thy king, ^Eneas' self, by the same storm Compelled, were here ! Nay, now along the coast ^7° Will I send trusty men, and bid them search The extremes of Lybia through, if, cast ashore. He be astray in any wood or town." At this ^neas and Achates start ; Impatiently they burn to burst the cloud, 675 Achates is the first to speak : " What thought Is in thy heart, O goddess-born ? Thou see'st All safe, the fleet, the men preserved. There lacks But one, and him we saw before our eyes Go down amid the waves. The rest respond 32 THE ^NEID. According to thy mother's augury. Scarce spake he ere at once the enfolding cloud Dispersed and faded into open air. Forth stood ^neas luminous in light : In face and shoulders like a god he was : For o'er her son his mother breathed the charm Of youthful locks, the ruddy glow of youth, A generous gladness in his eyes : such grace As carver's hand to ivory gives, or when Silver or Parian stone in yellow gold ^90 Is set. A sudden apparition there Before them all, thus speaks he to the queen : " I, whom thou seek'st, Trojan ^neas, snatched From out the Libyan waves, before thee stand. Oh thou that hast alone compassion felt ^95 For Troy's unutterable woes, and would'st Thy home and city share with us whom, reft Of all, the Greeks did spare but to be racked With every peril of the land and sea ! — Nor ever we, nor can the Trojan race, 700 Where'er upon the globe its remnants are. Render thee. Dido, gratitude enough. But may the gods bless thee as thou deserv'st If any powers there be that honor worth, If any sense of justice any where, 705 Or any mind self-conscious of the right ! Happy the age that bore, the pair that gave Thee birth ! While rivers in their channels run. While shadows float o'er mountain side, and stars Feed on the pastures of the sky, thy name, 710 Thy praise, thy honor shall forever live BOOK I. 33 Whatever land may call me hence." He spake ; Then with his right hand grasped Ilioneus, Sergestus with his left, and after them Brave Gyas, brave Cloanthus, and the rest. 7»s Dazed first to see the hero, next to hear So sad a tale, Sidonian Dido spake : " Son of a goddess thou, what fate is this Pursues thee through so many risks ! What wrath Hath forced thee on this savage coast ! Art thou 720 Not that ^neas, whom sweet Venus bore Trojan Anchises at the Simois' strearrj In Troy ? I mind me now that Teucer once To Sidon came, expelled his native land, To find, with Belus' aid, new realms to rule. For Belus then, my sire, was laying waste The fertile land of Cyprus, which he held In his victorious grasp. Since then, to me The fall of Troy, thy name, the Grecian kings, Are household words. Teucer, although a foe, 730 Was wont to give the Trojans glowing praise. Wishing to trace his own birth to the same Old stock as theirs. Come then, brave men, and rest Under our roofs. Through many perils tossed, Me too hath a like fortune forced at length 73 s To settle here. Acquaint with grief, I learn To lend a helping hand." As thus she speaks. She leads ^neas 'neath the royal dome, And orders sacrifices at the shrines. For his companions on the shore as well 740 She hurries down a drove of twenty beeves, A hundred bristling backs of heavy swine, 3 34 THE .ENEID. A hundred fat lambs with their dams — the gifts, And joy in giving, of a soul divine. Within her palace, furnished with the warmth 745 Of royal luxury, and beneath its arch They spread a banquet. There might you behold Robes of rich purple, wrought with nicest art : Tables with massive silver ware : and bossed On gold, brave deeds of sires, the whole long list 750 Of great events, from when the race began, Through hero after hero running down. A father's love e'er tugging at his heart, ^neas sends Achates swiftly back To tell Ascanius what has happed, and bring 755 Him to the town. All the fond father's care Is for Ascanius. Gifts he bids him fetch Once rescued from the sack of Troy ; a cloak With gold and figures stiff ; a veil with flowers Of bright acanthus on its border wrought, — 760 The ornaments that Grecian Helen, when She sought unholy wedlock, brought from home. Her mother Laeda's wondrous gifts to her; — Also a staff that once Ilione, Oldest of Priam's daughters, used to bear; 765 A beaded necklace, and a crown twice girt With precious stones and gold. To hasten these. Achates now was wending to the boats. But Venus has new schemes, new wiles at heart, — That Cupid, changing face and look with sweet Ascanius, in his stead shall come to fire The queen already glowing at the gifts. And kindle burning in her very bones. BOOK I. 35 For she distrusts the intriguing house of Tyre, The two-tongued Tyrians. Still at Juno's wrath 775 She frets ; night after night her fears return : And so she says to Cupid — Love with wings — " My son, my life, my might, who dar'st alone Contemn the giant bolts of Jupiter, To thee I fly, and ask, a suppliant here. Thine aid. Thou know'st ^neas, brother thine, Is tossed at sea from every shore, because Of Juno's unjust hate : and in my grief Thou too hast often grieved. Now Dido, she Of Tyre, is toling him with tender words ; 7R5 I fear me how the hospitalities That Juno sanctions, yet may turn, for she Will never stay her hand in such a pinch. And so, anticipating her, I would Ensnare the queen and fetter her in flame, 790 So she, with me, shall to -^neas cling With love so great no power can loosen it. Now how to do it, hear my plan. This boy. My darling care, who yet shall be a king, At his fond father's call prepares to go 795 Up to the Tyrian city bearing gifts. Relics from shipwreck and the flames of Troy. But I will hide him, stupefied with sleep, Within some hallowed nook on Ida's top Or on Cythera's, lest the trick he learn 8