In loving remembrance of our brother 
 in gray 
 
 - Carr 
 
€&e Li&rarp 
 
 Of tl)t 
 
 Gfntoergitp of Jftortj) Carolina 
 
 Collection of jl2ort|) Catoliniana 
 from tfie Eiotatp of 
 
 Q>97o.7G> 
 C3|i 
 

 WaM& L - i 
 
 IN LOVING REMEMBRANCE 
 
 ■OF- 
 
 OUR BROTHER IN GRAY. 
 
 'No country e'er had a truer son, no cause a nobler champion, 
 
 No people a bolder defender — no principle a purer victim, 
 
 Than the soldier commemorated here. 
 
 The cause for which he perished is lost ; 
 
 The hopes in which he trusted are shattered; 
 
 But his fame, linked with immortality, 
 
 Shall in the years to come, fire modest worth to noble ends. 
 
 In honor now our hero rests, 
 
 And history shall cherish him 
 
 Among those choicer spirits who have been 
 
 In all conjunctures, true to themselves, 
 
 Their country, and their God." 
 
 An Address Delivered at Windsor, Bertie County, N. C, 
 
 BEFORE THE 
 
 BERTIE COUNTY VETERAN ASSOCIATION, 
 
 Thursday, August ist, 1895, 
 BY A FELLOW COMRADE IN ARMS, 
 
 JULIAN S. GARR, 
 
 Private, Company K., 3d North Carolina Cavalry, Barrlnger's Brigade, A. N. V. 
 
Ex-Confederate Veterans of Bertie and Surround- 
 ing Counties, My Countrymen, Ladies and 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 I hold it one of the greatest honors and pleasures 
 of my life to be with you to-day. When the invita- 
 tion to speak to you came to me I rejoiced, because I 
 have long desired to visit the glorious Albemarle sec- 
 tion. Celebrated for its gentle climate, majestic pine 
 and cypress areas, splendid rivers and shimmering 
 sounds of silvery waters, with their vast fishing indus- 
 tries, I have longed to see this land, with its moss- 
 wreathed swamps, needing only the magic hand of 
 capital to make them fields of waving green and 
 golden harvest — this land famed for its warm ami 
 princely hospitality, its culture, refinement and fierce 
 love of liberty, and for its brave men and beautiful 
 women. I repeat, I am happy to be with you to-day. 
 Bertie county has produced many noble and illus- 
 trious sons, one of whom I often have the pleasure of 
 seeing. Dr. George Tayloe Winston, who is directing 
 with honor and success the greatest educational insti- 
 tution of the South. And another, Robert Watson 
 Winston, has recently come to the city in which I live 
 to devote himself to that profession whose ermine he 
 has adorned, and whose practice has given him honor 
 and fame throughout North Carolina. And the names 
 of Captains Garrett, and Outlaw, and White, and 
 Cherry, and Sutton, and Jacocks, and their brave 
 comrades, will be loved and honored by your people 
 even as the names of Robert the Bruce and of Wallace 
 are revered by the Highlanders of Scotland. 
 
 Time and occasion will not permit me the pleasure 
 of mentioning the names and deeds of the many dis 
 
 p ^*>M 
 
— 2— 
 
 tinguished sons of Bertie. No county in North Caro- 
 lina has surpassed them in valor upon the battlefield, 
 in wisdom in halls of State, or in burning oratory on 
 the hustings and in the Forum. Her adopted son, 
 Patrick Henry Winston, patriot and eminent and dis- 
 tinguished jurist, brought name and fame not only to 
 the Albemarle section, but to the entire State, from 
 where the restless ocean combs her disheveled locks at 
 stormy Hatteras to where our grand old mountains 
 cast their morning shadows across the line into Ten- 
 nessee. Her William W. Cherry was the Sargeant S. 
 Prentiss of North Carolina. Here, too, in the county 
 of old Albemarle, now bearing the beautiful name of 
 Bertie, we find ourselves surrounded by scenes that 
 thrill the heart and suggest great events in the history 
 of our country. Not far away the sun smiles upon 
 the birthplace of Virginia Dare, the first English 
 child born on American soil, and upon a bay, whose 
 'beauty reminds one of the • -pride and glory" of 
 Naples, is Edenton, whose noble women struck the 
 first spark of American Independence at their historic 
 tea party. 
 
 And now I hear the roar of guns at Plymonth, and 
 Hoke's splendid division and the famous Albemarle, 
 under Capt. .1. W. Cooke, who, it was said, '-would 
 fight a powder magazine with a coal of fire, ' ' drive the 
 Federals out of the town and add another victory to 
 the Confederate arms — the wonderful Ram Albemarle 
 that with the Merrimac in Hampton Roads set a lesson 
 for the nations that revolutionized naval warfare and 
 has covered the seas with steel monsters, whose battle- 
 fiags are involuntary tributes to Confederate genius 
 and valor. 
 
 Again we hear the boom of guns, and Roanoke 
 Island is shaken by the thunder of cannon and 
 wreathed in the fire of batteries. Yes. we are in the 
 
midst of historic scenes that will inspire the youth of 
 this favored section of North Carolina to emulate the 
 heroism of their fathers, and the fortitude and sub- 
 lime devotion to duty which their mothers displayed. 
 My countrymen, my brothers, I come to-day with 
 no jnirpose to deal in mere compliment or exaggerated 
 phrase, for however pleasant to me, unless I can say 
 something useful, it were better that you had honored 
 some other with your invitation to address you on 
 this sacred occasion. I shall endeavor to speak with 
 the impartial tongue of history and of love, and for a 
 brief space I ask your attention to a consideration of 
 
 OTTR BROTHER IN GRAY. 
 
 The most of you know all that I know, and more, 
 touching that sublime character, for his achievements 
 have been heralded from "the blushing Orient to the 
 drooping West. ' ' But we owe a duty to our children, 
 to those who have come up around us during the past 
 thirty years. At Appomattox, General Lee, almost 
 crushed by the grief of contemplated surrender, ex- 
 claimed, "Oh that posterity might understand." 
 
 Let us dedicate our lives to teaching posterity to 
 understand the justness of the Confederate cause and 
 the splendor of its arms. 
 
 When ./Eneas the Trojan was commanded by the 
 Queen of Carthage to relate the tragic story of the 
 fall of Troy, he gave expression to his unutterable 
 grief in the question: "Who of the Myrmy dons, or 
 what follower even of the stern Ulysses, could refrain 
 from tears at such a recital?" 
 
 Time was, my brothers, when we could not recite 
 the "Illiad of our woes" without weeping. But the 
 years have softened our grief to a sweet and gentle 
 memory, and duty, which General Lee declared "the 
 sublimest word in our language," calls us to speak. 
 
—4— 
 
 SECESSION. 
 
 The cause of the colossal contest in this country 
 from sixty-one to five was not slavery, as many sup- 
 pose ; slavery was only the occasion, not the cause of 
 the war. The magazine was ready. Slavery was the 
 spark that caused the explosion. Says the historian : 
 ••The causes of the civil war cropped out during the 
 Colonial era, and became fully apparent during the 
 debates of the State assemblies on the adoption of the 
 Federal constitution." 
 
 One of the greatest writers of the North declares 
 that "the war that broke out in 1861 was only the 
 overt act of long standing aversions, and to talk of 
 treason was ridiculous in the masses, and false and 
 perfidious in the leaders. The movement of sixty-one 
 was not treason nor rebellion, but war between differ- 
 ent portions of American society about the proper 
 construction of the Constitution." 
 
 The right of the States to withdraw from the Union 
 was never disputed until shortly prior to 1861. The 
 first mutterings of secession came from the North, 
 when, in 1793, Theodore D wight declared that •'before 
 his people would submit to the prosecution of the im- 
 pending war with England, they would separate from 
 the Union." 
 
 The right of secession was proclaimed and threatened 
 in 1803. 1812. 1840 and 1850. and on the 17th day of 
 December, after the secession of South Carolina, 
 Horace Greeley, probably the bitterest abolitionist in 
 the North, wrote in his journal these words : ••If the 
 Declaration of Independence justified the secession 
 from the British Empire of three million colonists in 
 1 776, we do not see why five million Southerners may 
 not withdraw from the Federal Union in 1861. If the 
 Southern States choose to form an independent nation, 
 they have a clear moral right to do so." 
 
General Grant said, in his memoirs, '-The Constitu- 
 tion did not authorize the war, but it made no provi- 
 sions against it." Mark it, these are Northern 
 authorities as to the right of secession quite sufficient 
 to convince any one, but the overwhelming arguments 
 in its favor, advanced by Davis and Stephens and 
 Bledsoe and other Southern statesmen, were sealed 
 with the blood of Southern chivalry and admit of no 
 answer. 
 
 The right to withdraw from the Union being con- 
 ceded, why did the South desire to exercise that 
 right? "Because of the intolerable political situa- 
 tion," says Mr. Remelin, "that brought attacks upon 
 the constitutional rights of the Southern States, from 
 which there was no defense but a bloody resistance." 
 
 It is part of the history of this country that the 
 first entrance into the slave business was not only in 
 the North, but by Massachusetts as a colony. So we 
 find that the traffic in blood and bones was introduced 
 and pursued, as long as profitable, by the fathers of 
 the men who, in 1861, under the pretense of battling 
 for human freedom, forced a bloody war upon the 
 men to whom their fathers had formerly sold their 
 negro slaves. 
 
 Slavery was an extraneous question by which North- 
 ern Demagogues moved the masses of the North to 
 stab the Constitution in the name of Liberty — for 
 slavery was part of the very life of the Federal Con- 
 stitution, guaranteed by the Fathers and ratified by 
 the Nation. 
 
 WAR. 
 
 And now in the last days of 1860, the contest for 
 States Rights and Sovereignty is adjourned from the 
 Halls of States. Behold the Arbiter ! 
 
 "The giant war, in awful power stands, 
 
 His blood red tresses deepening in the sun, 
 With death shot glowing in his fiery hands. 
 An eye that searcheth all it glares upon." 
 
— 6— 
 
 The host of the North is marshalling for the con- 
 flict. See ! their fluttering banners, marching col- 
 umns, their black- wheeled guns, their splendid cavalry 
 gathering "in war's magnificently stern array." 
 
 And now like the answering defiance of the south- 
 wind to the north before some mighty storm off 
 Hatteras, so powerfully portrayed by a great poet, 
 comes the bugle note of the new-born Confederacy. 
 It fires the hearts of the brave men of the Palmetto 
 State, and reverberates amid the flowery meads and 
 orange groves of Florida, animating her patriots to 
 strike for freedom ; the sons of Georgia and Alabama, 
 and Mississippi and Louisiana and Arkansas and 
 Tennessee catch its silver note and rush a tide of 
 living valor to the defense of home and native land ; 
 the men of the "Lone Star" State, imbued with the 
 spirit of Churiibusco, Chapultepec and the Alamo, 
 pour their legions toward the North ; and the heroes 
 of North Carolina and Virginia spring to its clarion 
 call as gladly as their fathers did, in the morning of 
 the Republic, to the call of Washington. 
 
 We see it all again. We see fathers putting away 
 the clinging arms of children and bending above the 
 cradles of dimpled babes. And we see such partings 
 of loved ones as nearly press the life out of brave 
 hearts. 
 
 Come with me, my countrymen, and let us see what 
 these Southerners did that has given them an immor- 
 tality of honor. 
 
 Behold on the one side a government strengthened 
 by the growth of seventy-two years, on the other a 
 government yet in its swaddling bands. 
 
 On the side of the North, forces ultimately number- 
 ing two million eight hundred thousand men, drawn 
 from a population of twenty million with the world 
 for reinforcements, equipped with all the comforts 
 
—7— 
 
 unci paraphernalia of war ; on the side of the South, 
 behold her six hundred thousand men, backed by a 
 population of only six million, without manufactories 
 or adequate munitions and means of war, with noth- 
 ing to draw on to fill her exhausted ranks save the 
 •'cradle and the grave." 
 
 I have read of the Paladins of Richard, the Cohorts 
 of Cresar, the Phalanxes of Macedon, the Legions of 
 Gaul, the Granadiers of Frederick the Great, the 
 Squares of Wellington, the ''Old Guard' ' of Napo- 
 leon, but I tell you, my brothers, the Confederate 
 soldier, with his old slouch hat, his bright bayonet, 
 his half-starved form, it may be in tattered faded coat 
 of gray, and shoeless feet, stands the supreme mili- 
 tary figure of the ages. 
 
 Says another: "He was clothed in rags, but, like 
 his naked ancestors in the woods of Germany, he 
 carried in his bosom the heart of a king. He was 
 hungry and cold, but his dauntless spirit glowed with 
 the warmth of heroism and filled him with the joy of 
 unconquerable manhood. Few soldiers have equaled 
 him in the misery and poverty of his equipment ; 
 none have surpassed him in the majesty of his spirit, 
 or the heroism of his deeds." 
 
 And what sea king ever surpassed our Semanes and 
 his Alabama ? 
 
 HEROISM AND GENTUS. 
 
 At Sharpsburg Lee, with forty thousand men, re- 
 pulsed McClelland and his army of ninety thousand 
 veterans, whose discipline was superb and who fought 
 with the greatest gallantry. 
 
 Anon we see the red battle flags and gray coats 
 crowning the Heights of Fredericksburg, while Burn- 
 side's splendid army deploys in line of battle in the 
 valley below, a. magnificent panorama moving to the 
 
— 8— 
 
 roars of a hundred great guns on Stafford Heights. 
 
 At the proper moment General Lee contracts his 
 line of twenty-five miles to less than five, and with 
 seventy-eight thousand soldiers, awaits the attack of 
 one hundred and thirteen thousand blue coats. Three 
 times the Union troops assault the Confederate works 
 in rapid succession, and with a courage and discipline 
 marvelous to behold, Meagher's Irish Brigade won an 
 immortality of fame at the foot of the stone wall held 
 by JSTorth Carolina troops, and added new glory to 
 the already luminous history of the Irish in battle. 
 Victory remained with Lee. 
 
 When the spring of 1863 came, a mighty Federal 
 army of one hundred and fifty-nine thousand, under 
 General Hooker, an officer of ability, made the fourth 
 grand "On to Richmond, " but there, in the tangled 
 growth of the Wilderness, they were met by forty- 
 seven thousand Confederates, and hurled, broken and 
 demoralized, across the Rappahanock. Lee's genius 
 of battle, and Jackson's great flank movement, en- 
 rolled Chancellorsville by the side of Blenheim and 
 Lutzen, Austerlitz and Jena. But the triumph was 
 lost in the fall of Stonewall Jackson, the "right arm 
 of Lee," whose death sent a chill to the heart of ' the 
 Southern people. 
 
 On the 24th of June, 1863, the Army of Northern 
 Virginia crossed the Potomac, and, says the historian, 
 "The world will not soon see such a spectacle again.'* 
 Seventy-two thousand muskets glistened in the sun ; 
 two hundred and sixty pieces of field ordnance were 
 ready to envelope the foe in sheets of flame ; fifteen 
 thousand chosen horsemen followed the plume of 
 Stuart, the "Harry Hotspur" of the South, and all 
 yielded ready obedience to the illustrious and vener- 
 ated Commander-in-Chief. 
 
GETTYSBURG AND WATERLOO. 
 
 We cannot undertake to describe the Battle of 
 Gettysburg in detail. To do so would require a 
 volume. It was, perhaps, a greater battle than that 
 of Waterloo. In many particulars they were strik- 
 ingly alike, a review of which may prove interesting, 
 but in two respects, which I desire to emphasize, they 
 were remarkably dissimilar. 
 
 At Waterloo the English were fortified on Mount 
 St. Jean, the French were in the plain below. At 
 Gettysburg the Federals were entrenched on Cemetery 
 Heights, the Confederates on a low range of hills 
 called Seminary Ridge. There were a hundred and 
 fifty- two thousand troops engaged at Waterloo, one 
 hundred and fifty-five thousand at Gettysburg. The 
 loss in killed and wounded at Waterloo was forty- 
 nine thousand, at Gettysburg forty-six thousand. 
 
 Had Napoleon opened the battle four hours sooner, 
 he could have crushed Wellington before the arrival 
 of Blucher. Had Longstreet moved his corps, when 
 ordered by Lee, four hours sooner than he did. 
 Sickles' and Hancock's corps would have been de- 
 feated before the Fifth and Sixth corps reached the 
 field. Grouchy was separated from Napoleon at 
 Waterloo, Stuart was separated from Lee at Gettys- 
 burg. Had his cavalry been with General Lee, or 
 had he had a topographical staff to advise him of the 
 nature of the country, the Federals would never have 
 obtained possession of Cemetery Heights, thus doub- 
 ling the strength of the Union army. Had Napoleon 
 been advised of the condition of the country, and not 
 dependent for information upon the word of a hostile 
 guide, two thousand of Milhaud's four thousand giant 
 horsemen, with breast-plates of steel, led by Ney, 
 would not have been crushed to death in the sunken 
 
—10— 
 
 road of Ohain ; and the impact of that mighty mass 
 would have broken the English centre. Napoleon 
 staked all upon the charge of the Old Guard ; Lee 
 staked all upon the Greatest Charge of modern times. 
 
 Here the wonderful similarity between these battles 
 ceases. 
 
 When defeat came to the French army, it became a 
 demoralized mob and rushed pell-mell from the field. 
 When defeat came to the Confederates, the Army of 
 Northern Virginia was no panic-stricken mob. Gen- 
 eral Meade afterwards declared he saw "in it no 
 symptoms of demoralization.' * General Lee and his 
 army expected and anxiously awaited an attack, but 
 it never came. Both armies remained in position 
 until the night of the 4th of July, and then moved, 
 one down the eastern the other down the western side 
 of South Mountain, with their banners turned toward 
 Hagerstown. 
 
 The French army at Waterloo, composed of veterans 
 whose tramp had shaken every throne in Europe, and 
 given to France such victories as Friedland and Mar- 
 engo, and Austeralitz, and Jena, and Borodino, and 
 Bautzan, and Leipsic, and Ligny, became a flying, 
 hopeless, helpless rout, while Lee's veterans at Gettys- 
 burg, under similar or worse conditions, stood a bank 
 of steel, defying attack. 
 
 The other difference which I desire to emphasize is 
 this : Wandering in the darkness upon the fatal and 
 fateful field of Waterloo, Napoleon sought death by 
 English bullets, while General Lee at Gettysburg, in- 
 comparably grander, as his shattered divisions marched 
 by exclaimed, "Human virtue should be equal to hu- 
 man calamity." 
 
 So against the Lilies of France, we place the Stars 
 and Bars, and against the genius of Napoleon, that 
 of Robert E. Lee. 
 
-11— 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA AT GETTYSBURG. 
 
 And what was North Carolina's part in the battle of 
 Gettysburg? It is our duty to chronicle her deeds on 
 that field whenever occasion offers. 
 
 For thirty years we have heard of Pickett's Vir- 
 ginians, and but little to the honor of the North Car- 
 olinians in that great battle. We have allowed others 
 to write our history quite long enough. They have 
 written it to suit themselves. How many North Car- 
 olinians were in that charge? The Eleventh, Twenty - 
 sixth, Forty-seventh and Fifty-second Regiments 
 North Carolina Troops of Pettigrew's Brigade; the 
 Seventh, Eighteenth, Twenty-eighth, Thirty-third and 
 Thirty-seventh Regiments of Lane's Brigade; and the 
 Thirteenth, Sixteenth, Twenty-second, Thirty-fourth 
 and Thirty-eighth of Scales' Brigade, and one North 
 Carolina Regiment of Davis' Mississippi Brigade. 
 
 Of Lane's thirteen hundred veterans, six hundred 
 were left on the field. Of Pettigrew's Brigade of 
 seventeen hundred, eleven hundred remained on the 
 field. And Scales' Brigade suffered in the same pro- 
 portion. Many of the North Carolina Regiments had 
 been cut to pieces, and were exhausted by the fight of 
 the first day, in which Pickett's troops had not par- 
 ticipated. 
 
 The North Carolinians, in sweejring up the slope of 
 Cemetary Hights, met obstacles, and were mowed down 
 by showers of grape and canister, which Pickett's 
 command fortunately escaped. 
 
 Pettigrew was commanding Heth's Division. Not- 
 withstanding their decimated ranks, the natural obsta- 
 cles and the awful havoc of the artillery, the North 
 Carolinians penetrated furthest into the Federal lines, 
 and Lane's Troops were the last to retire from the 
 Federal guns. 
 
—12— 
 
 I do not wish to be misunderstood. I would not 
 utter one word in disparagement of the sublime cour- 
 age and patriotism of Pickett's magnificant body of 
 Heroes, nor of any Confederate command present, but 
 I state the facts of History, and ask for justice for 
 North Carolina's sons, who poured out their life-blood 
 like water, at the foot of the Pennsylvania mountains, 
 on that fiery, fatal third day of July, 1863. These 
 North Carolinians had won the victory of the first day, 
 and the historian tells us that these same men, Heth's 
 gallant division, intrepidly maintained itself not long 
 afterwards at the Wilderness, for three hours against 
 the combined power of the Federal army. 
 
 GRANT AND THE SURRENDER OF THE ARMY OF 
 NORTHERN VIRGINIA. 
 
 In May, 1864, commenced the beginning of the end. 
 dfrant crossed the Iiapidan with an army of one hun- 
 dred and forty-two thousand veteran troops, while the 
 forces at the command of Lee, numbered only fifty-two 
 thousand six hundred and twenty-six. Notwithstand- 
 ing this disparity, the Army of Northern Virginia 
 was unshaken and dangerous. It was an army of 
 • -veterans sharpened to a perfect edge, ' ' as a Northern 
 writer declared. 
 
 Grant, an able soldier with wonderful persistence, 
 discarded the science of war and resorted to mere at- 
 trition, knowing that he could better afford to lose 
 ten men than Lee could one. 
 
 Soon followed the ferocious struggle of the Wilder- 
 ness. The bloody scenes of Spotsylvania Court House 
 and Cold Harbor, the long-drawn-out, but sublime de- 
 fense of Petersburg and then — Appomattox. 
 ' The supreme hour had come. The Army of North- 
 ern Virginia, of twenty-six thousand men, with only 
 seven thousand eight hundred men with muskets in 
 
—13— 
 
 their hands, surrounded by the massive lines of Grant 
 150,000 strong, is about to surrender. The brightest 
 orb that ever traversed fame's burning elliptic is about 
 to disappear from the sight of men forever, but like 
 the orb of day, as it sinks beneath the western wave, 
 it is to leave a light behind that is to irradiate the 
 earth. 
 
 There stood the starving, shattered remnant of the 
 Army of Northern Virginia, whose conquoring ban- 
 ners had waved in triumph over eight and twenty san- 
 guinary fields of battle ; that had wrestled with death, 
 and won victory, and suffered defeat through four gi- 
 gantic campaigns, and strewed its heroic dead from 
 the crest of Cemetery Heights to the gates of Vir- 
 ginia's capital city. 
 
 That army, my brothers, that had eternized the 
 name of Beauregard with First Manassas, and adorn- 
 ed the brow of Joe Johnson with the splendid wreath 
 of Seven Pines, carved the name of Jackson upon the 
 granite foundations of the Blue Ridge, and wrought 
 the battle tires of four long years into a diadem of 
 glory for the brow of Robert E. Lee. S 
 
 A GREAT CONFEDERATE MUSEUM AND ROYAL 
 GALLERY OF LEADERS. 
 
 France has her Muse d'Artillerie and Salle des 
 Armes, in which are collected the wonders and me- 
 mentoes of her victories and campaigns. It may be 
 that in the future we may see a mighty Confederate 
 Museum in Richmond, the gateway of the Southern 
 Confederacy. Its courts containing the curios, battle 
 flags and relics of our terrific contest, and its walls 
 mosaiced with tablets and enriched with portraits of 
 the great leaders of the Confederacy — Jefferson Davis, 
 who upheld the fortunes of the South, as Hector did 
 those of Troy ; Robert E. Lee. who Stonewall Jack- 
 
—14— 
 
 son said he ''would follow blindfold," and who the 
 military critics of Europe rank with Ca?sar and Na- 
 poleon ; Albert Sidney Johnson, who for the South 
 sacrificed his life at Shiloh, and who, Swiuton says, 
 was "the brightest star in the firmament of the South- 
 ern Confederacy;" Joseph E. Johnson, who Grant 
 said he ; "feared more than any commander ever in his 
 front:" P. T. Beauregard, the greatest military en- 
 gineer since Todleben ; and Jubal A. Early, the great 
 lieutenant of Lee ; the chivalric commander of the 
 Light Division. A. P. Hill; and Richard Ewell, the 
 splendid soldier trained by Jackson; I). H. Hill, the 
 magnificent commander, and Hood, the indomitable 
 and impetuous Texan ; Longstreet, the Macdonald of 
 the army : Wade Hampton, the chivalric Knight of 
 Carolina, and the intrepid soldier, R. F. Hoke ; Fitz 
 Lee. the splendid Cavalier of the Confederacy, and 
 Forrest, the Murat of the Southwest ; AVheeler, the 
 great cavalryman, and Pettigrew, whose "name is as 
 immortal as the stars." There we would read of the 
 deeds, and see the portraits, of the noble Ashby, the 
 gallant Pelham. the splendid Pendleton, the heroic 
 Pender and Daniels, and Branch, and Whiting, and 
 Fisher, and Grimes, and Cox, and Robert Vance, and 
 W. P. Roberts; of Ramseur, the superb; of J. E. B. 
 Stuart, the greatest cavalryman, Gen. Hooker de- 
 clared, ''yet born on this continent," and of many 
 others 1 cannot now mention. 
 
 A noble ex-Confederate soldier, now living in the 
 city of New York. Charles Broadway Ronss, has 
 already signified a princely generosity by offering to 
 give two hundred and fifty thousand dollars to help 
 erect a Confederate Museum. We salute him in the 
 name of the Southern people, and thank him in the 
 name of our sacred cause. 
 
 In Hopkinsville, Kentucky, is a column to the 
 
—15— 
 
 memory of one hundred and one unknown Confeder- 
 ate soldiers. Upon a bronze panel is this inscription : 
 
 "Around this column is buried all of heroism that could die." 
 
 John C. Latham, Jr., now of New York City, erected 
 this monument, but his name nowhere appears upon 
 it. He thus reduced the golden rule to a granite 
 shaft, which will perpetuate his splendid unselfish- 
 ness and nobility of soul, as it will the courage of the 
 dead heroes beneath it. 
 
 A CONFEDERATE COLUMN AND ITS INSCRIPTIONS. 
 
 I wish to see a colossal column erected to the pri- 
 vate soldiers of the Confederacy. And somewhere on 
 that column, by the side of the story of other men's 
 splendid heroism, I would wish to read proper recog- 
 nition of the deeds of one of the "bravest of the 
 brave.'' 
 
 Victor Hugo says ' 'Cambronne was sublime at 
 Waterloo" when he refused to surrender the last 
 spuare of the "Old Guard, " and fell, with his men, 
 under the fire of the English batteries. 
 
 Let me name a soldier who was equally as brave at 
 Gettysburg: Bertie's own son, Captain Francis W. 
 Bird, Company C, Eleventh North Carolina Regi- 
 ment, who lost thirty-four out of thirty-eight men on 
 the first and second days, with the remaining four 
 went into the great charge of the third, and brought 
 out his flag with his own hand. All honor to his 
 memory to-day. 
 
 And on that Confederate monument should be 
 carved words telling in fitting terms of the endurance, 
 patience, love and heroism of the Women of the 
 South. 
 
 Without the Confederate private, the officers would 
 have no niche in the Temple of Fame ; without the 
 Confederate officers, the Confederate soldier would 
 
—16— 
 
 not stand the supreme figure of the ages ; without the 
 Confederate woman, both would have lacked the in- 
 spiration that made them immortal. 
 
 And should any such memorial be erected, there 
 should appear on it the name of the Great War Gov- 
 ernor of North Carolina. My countrymen, when the 
 fathers of this commonwealth shall, in years to come, 
 wish to point their sons to some illustrious exemplar 
 of purity in life, fidelity in friendship, and grandeur 
 in statesmanship, they will take their little ones upon 
 their knees and teach them to lisp and to love the, 
 name of Vance. ^ 
 
 THE CONFEDERATE MONUMENT AT CHICAGO. 
 
 And now all hail to the citizens of Chicago, who, 
 with a patriotism as broad as the Union, recently set 
 the republic a lesson in true nobility by unveiling a 
 splendid monument to our six thousand Confederate 
 dead in Camp Douglas, in the Metropolis of the West. 
 
 That monument, it seems to me, is the grandest yet 
 erected on the earth. Others have been reared by 
 friends and by fellow-countrymen, never divided by 
 the crimson hand of war. But this monument was 
 erected not by their loving brothers in gray, but 
 chiefly by their once fierce foes in blue. It stands 
 not in the land of Jefferson Davis, but in the adopted 
 State of Abraham Lincoln. About it beautiful women 
 of the South sang no songs of love, but brave women 
 of the North with flowers wreathed the battery at its 
 base, contributed by the government, and paid tribute 
 in words that gave new glory to the flag of the Union . 
 
 God bless the citizens of Chicago for their broad- 
 mindedness, unselfishness and generosity. The Great 
 South in love presses to her bosom her splendid sister, 
 whose imperial domain lies beneath the setting sun ; 
 and whose sons and daughters are as brave and beau- 
 
—17— 
 
 tiful. patriotic and progressive as any of the children 
 of men. 
 
 And beautifully did General Hampton say, and 
 right gladly do we endorse his words: "All honor 
 then to the brave and liberal men of Chicago, who 
 have shown by their action that they regard the war 
 as over, and that they can welcome as friends, on this 
 solemn and auspicious occasion, their former enemies. 
 As long as this lofty column points to heaven, as long 
 as one stone of its foundation remains, future gener- 
 ations of Americans should look upon it with pride, 
 nbt only as an honor to those who conceived its con- 
 struction, but as a silent, though noble emblem of a 
 restored Union and a reunited people. In the name 
 of my comrades, dead and living, and in my own 
 name, I give grateful thanks to the brave men of 
 Chicago, who have done honor to our dead Confed- 
 erate soldiers." 
 
 THE FALSE AND COWARD CRY OF REBELS AND 
 REBELLION. 
 
 In the presence of the record of the Confederate sol- 
 dier, there are men, fortunately but few in number, 
 sufficiently malicious and cowardly to refer to him as 
 a traitor and a rebel. Those who utter this base ca- 
 lumniation are densely ignorant, or infamously false. 
 We despise the cowardly aspersion. We protest 
 against it in the name of the Southern people. We 
 repel it in the name of Alamance and Mecklenburg, 
 King's Mountain, and Guilford Court House. We 
 spurn it in the name of eighty years of American his- 
 tory, during which the councils of this Republic were 
 directed and controlled by Southern statesmen. Who 
 wrote the Declaration of Independence? Whose 
 sword beat back the hosts of Britain? What jurist 
 most adorned the Supreme Bench, of this Nation? 
 
—18— 
 
 Whose tongue fired the American heart with the love 
 of freedom and cried "Give me liberty or give me 
 death!" Whose valor at New Orleans cut to pieces 
 the liower of the English army and rolled back the 
 tide of invasion? 
 
 Vile calumniator he, who dares affirm that one drop 
 of Rebel blood ever flowed in the veins of the descend- 
 ants of Jeff erson, and Jackson, and Patrick Henry and 
 Marshall and Madison, and George Washington and 
 their compatriots. Against the base imputation we 
 appeal to the words of Lincoln, and Grant, and Gree- 
 ley, who declared that the Constitution was "silent 
 about secession, and that it was a question of construc- 
 tion and policy." Rebels! The battle flags of the 
 Confederacy fluttered over half a continent and the 
 thunder of its guns echoed around the globe. When 
 before in the history of the world were there such 
 reliefs*? It was not a rebellion, but a gigantic war. 
 
 When before in the history of the world were rebels 
 treated as were the armies of the Confederacy by the 
 terms of the surrender at Appomattox? 
 
 "What did General Grant mean by addressing a rebel 
 in all his correspondence, as General R. E. Lee. com- 
 manding the Confederate States Armies? 
 
 Why did the United States Government fail to pros- 
 ecute Jefferson Davis? Because the best lawyers of 
 the North and of Europe, advised that the prosecution 
 for treason could not be sustained. 
 
 Whenever you hear the vile epithet of rebel applied 
 to the Confederate soldier, tell the base slanderer that 
 Stonewall Jackson said. "'Our late conflict was not a 
 rebellion, but the "Second war of Independence.' 1 *i 
 
 ' 'He's a slave who dares not speak 
 For the fallen and the weak ; 
 He's a slave who dares not be 
 In the right with two or three." 
 
—19— 
 
 THE SOUTH AND THE UNION CONCLUSION. 
 
 Behold the South ! How beautiful ! Iu 1865 she 
 emerged from the fire and smoke of battle, her fair 
 form gashed with grievous wounds, and red with her 
 blood. She staggered under the burden of a loss of 
 three billion dollars worth of slaves, four billions of 
 other values, and a mighty incubus, growing out of 
 new conditions. She placed her trust in the men, and 
 the sons of the men, who have crowned her with glory 
 in war, and lo ! she stands to-day, superb in her im- 
 perial power and loveliness — not a New South, but a 
 Progressive South, sweeping along the pathway of 
 Anglo Saxon supremacy, and civil liberty. 
 
 Not long since, Reverend Dr. Madison Peters, of 
 New York, said, -'I wish to apologize to the South 
 for the uncharitable thoughts I have entertained touch- 
 ing her loyalty to the Union. I know now," said he, 
 "that if the tocsin of war should be sounded, a foreign 
 foe invade our shores, or an insurrection arise in our 
 midst, two million men, heavily armed would come 
 from the South, and rally around the flag of the 
 Union." 
 
 He added, "The South may yet be called upon to 
 save the North from the reckless immigration that is 
 undermining her social order and threatening our in- 
 stitutions. 51 
 
 From the base of the Confederate Monument we 
 recently unveiled in our Capital city, we pledge our 
 brothers of the North that the opinion expressed by 
 Dr. Peters is fully justified by the patriotism and loy- 
 alty of the Southern people. The Stars and the Stripes 
 is our flag. It floats above our homes, and will rustle 
 in beauty above the graves of our loved ones. If it is 
 not our flag, we have none. When this country needs 
 brave hearts to defend it, all will see, 
 
 "Whose dripping blades and stalwart arms 
 Will hew a red circle in the line, 
 And fence onr Country's flag from harm." 
 
—20— 
 
 But we of the South demand a "Union of the States 
 with such a jealous regard for one another's rights, 
 that when the interest and honor of one are assailed, 
 all the rest feeling the wound will kindle with just 
 resentment at the outrage." 
 
 And not until bad men of the North cease to slan- 
 der and to misconstrue the motives of Southern men, 
 can there be that perfect union of hearts so earnestly 
 desired by all good men both North and South. 
 
 Loyal to this Union, standing ready to defend it 
 against internal strife or a world in arms, we dedicate 
 ourselves anew to the perpetuation of our sacred 
 memories. 
 
 Devoted to the kt Stars and Stripes," we will gather, 
 ever and anon, about the ' 'Stars and Bars," and wet 
 it with tears of love, and all brave men will under- 
 stand. 
 
 "Four stormy years we saw it gleam, 
 A people's hope — and then refurled 
 Even while its glory was the theme — 
 Of half the world. 
 
 "They jeer, who trembled as it hung 
 Comet -like, blazoning the sky, 
 And heroes, such as Homer sung, 
 Followed it — to die.'' 
 
UNIVERSITY OF N.C. AT CHAPEL HILL 
 
 00032757419 
 
 FOR USE ONLY IN 
 THE NORTH CAROLINA COLLECTION