Bi i Blecj AMySlM^ -JNSTRUCT1VE AMD •EMYERTABMmG TALES. PARENT'S ASSISTMTfe, MOTHER'S CATECHISM; CONTAINING * COMMON THINGS, . NECESSARY TO BE KNOWN BY CHILDREN AT AN EARLY AGE. EMBELLISHED WITH MEW AND BEAUTIFUL ENGRAVINGS. EDITED BY ■--■-Z' 'iHliP 1 ' I! ~S.BABCOCK| ,\\y~ .pi r.HAPEL STBEIT S&- ? /"<.. O^-y, J rtf: j^trtvl) 4 eiMftlms THE PARENT'S ASSISTANT, OR MOTHER'S CATECHISM; CONTAINING COMMON THINGS, NECESSARY TO BE KNOWN BY CHILDREN AT AN EARLY AGE. EDITED BY THOMAS TELLER. "* srvZ: in villi NEW HAVEN. PUBLISHED BY S. BABCOCK. is ^ PREFACE In presenting a new and enlarged edition of this little manual, the Editor conceives he is rendering an acceptable service to parents and children. The utility of a Catechism of this nature must be obvious to every parent, and no one will question the propriety of its publication. The Editor will therefore merely subjoin the following extracts from the preface of the original author : — " Every parent and instructor of youth must have had occasion to la- ment the want of such a depository of common facts, about which chil- dren are always curious, but to which they have hitherto had no easy means of access. The author found no little difficulty in steering be tween what mh?ht be thought too trifling or too complex : he has, how ever, submitted the whole to the test of the capacity of various children between the ages of five and seven, and has found that all of them were alive to his topics, and amused and instructed by his details and expla- nations. " A series of engravings has been subjoined, representing those acci- dents and dangerous practices to which children are liable from inexpe- rience and want of caution, and which often create such an unavailing affliction to parents and families." ENTERED, According to the Act of Congress, in the year 1 844, BY S. BABCOCK, In the office of the Clerk of the District Court of Connecticut. >> THE MOTHER'S CATECHISM. LESSON I. Question. — Will you let me hear you count twelve ? Answer. — I will. I. One 1 V. Five 5 IX. Nine 9 II. Two 2 VI. Six 6 X. Ten 10 III. Three 3 VII. Seven 7 XI. Eleven 11 IV. Four 4 VIII. Eicrht 8 XII. Twelve 12 Q. How many days are there in a week? A. Seven. Q. What are the 'ir names 1 A. Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday. Q,. How many months are there in a year? A. Twelve : — January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December. Q. How many days are there in the respective months? A. Thirty days hath September, April, June, and November; February hath twenty-eight alone, And all the rest have thirty-one. *T Q,. How many days are there in a year? _ A. Three hundred and sixty-five. (365.) r Q,. How many seasons are there in a year? MOTHER S CATECHISM. A. Four : Spring, Summer, Autumn, or Fall, and Winter. Q. When does Spring commence and end? A. Spring commences at the end of Winter, in March, and continues till June. Q. When does Summer commence and end 1 ? A. Summer begins in June and ends in September, when the days shorten and the weather begins to grow cold. Q,. When does Autumn, or Fall, commence and end? A. Autumn commences in September, when the corn ia ripe and harvest takes place, and ends in December. Q,. When does Winter commence and end? A. Winter commences in December and ends in March; when it is succeeded by Spring and warm weather. LESSON II. Q. When is the grand festival of the birth of Christ, called Christmas Day? A. The twenty-fifth day of December. Q,. When is Easter Sunday ? A. The first Sunday which follows the first full moon after the twenty-first day of March ? Q,. When is Whit-Sunday? A. The seventh Sunday after Easter. • Q,. When does the year begin; or when is it New Year's Day? A. On the first day of January. Q. Which is the last day of the year? A. The thirty -first or last day of December. Q. Which is the longest day in the year? A. The twenty-first day of June. m ^mwi I mother's catechism Q,. Which is the shortest day in the year ? A. The twenty-first day of December. Q. When is the Anniversary of American Independence, commonly called Independence Day? J' . A. The fourth day of July. A^h *4 ' Cl [WASHINGTON.] Q,. When is the anniversary of the birth day of General George Washington? A. The twenty-second day of February. Q,. In what year was he born, and when did he die ? A. He was born in the year 1732, and died in 1799. LESSON III. Q. What are the divisions, or parts of a day % A. Morning, noon, afternoon, evening, and night. Q. What is the morning? A. The morning is that portion of the twenty -four hours 8 mother's catechism. between twelve o'clock in the night and twelve o'clock in the day. Q. "What is noon 1 A. Noon is that time of the day when the sun has risen to the highest, and is directly south. At this time it is ex- actly twelve o'clock. Q,. What is afternoon 1 A. Afternoon is when the sun begins to decline, which it does immediately after twelve o'clock. Q,. What is evening ? A. Evening is that period a little before and after sun-set. Q. What is night] A. Night is that qeriod of darkness occasioned by the ab- sence of the sun. When the sun rises, the day begins ; when it sets, the night commences. Q,. How many hours are there in a day ? A. Twenty-four, which are divided by the clock into twice twelve. Q. How are the hours divided? A. Into sixty minutes; also into halves and quarters of hours, — thirty minutes being half an hour, and fifteen min- utes being quarter of an hour. Q. How do you tell the time of day, or what o'clock it is ? A. By looking first to the short hand, or pointer, for the hour, and then to the long one for the quarters and minutes. - .. Q. How do you tell the hour ? A. By the numbers painted on the face of the clock, or watch, as [WATCH.} I II or 1 — for one o'clock, or 2 — for two o'clock. III or 3 — for three o'clock. IV or 4 — for four o'clock. MOTHER S CATECHISM 9 V VI or 5 — for five o'clock, or 6 — for six o'clock. VII or 7-r-for seven o'clock. VIII or 8— -for eight o'clock. IX or 9 — for nine o'clock. X or 10 — for ten o'clock. XI or 11 — for eleven o'clock. XII or 12 — for twelve o'clock. Q. How do you distinguish the minutes'? A. There are sixty minutes in one hour, and the minute hand goes completely round the clock while the hour hand is moving over the 6pace between the numbers I, II, III, &c. Q. How long, then, is the minute-hand passing between each of these numbers ? A. Five minutes, or the twelfth part of an hour. Q. How are the quarters distinguished? A. When the minute hand stands at III, it signifies a quar ter of an hour; when at VI, half an hour; and when at IX, three quarters of an hour. LESSON IV. Q. You have counted twelve; now how do you count from twelve to twenty ? A. Thirteen 13 Sixteen 16 Nineteen Fourteen 14 Seventeen 17 Twenty Fifteen 15 Eighteen 18 Q. How do you count from twenty to forty? A. Twenty-one 21 1 Twenty-eight 281 Thirty-five Twenty-two 22 1 Twenty-nine 29 j Thirty-six Twenty-three 23 Twenty-four 24 Twenty-five 25 Twenty-six 26 Twenty-seven 27 Thirty Thirty-one Thirty-two Thirty-three Thirty-four 30 31 32 33 34 Thirty-seven Thirty-eight Thirty-nine Forty 19 20 35 36 37 38 39 40 10 MOTHERS CATECHISM. Q. How do you count from forty ? A. Forty-one 41 Fifty- one 51 Sixty-one 61 Forty-two 42 Fifty-two 52 Sixtv-twjh 62 Forty-three 43 Fifty-three 53 Sixty-three 63 Forty-four 44 Fifty-four 54 Sixty-four 64 Forty-five 45; Fifty-five 55 Sixty-five 65 Forty -six 46 Fifty-six 56 Sixty -six 66 Forty-seven 47, Fifty-seven 57 Sixty-seven 67 Forty-eight 48 Fifty-eight 58 Sixty-eight 68 Forty-nine 49 Fifty -nine 59 Sixty-nine 69 Fifty 50 Sixty 60 Seventy 70 Q. How do you count from seventy ? A. Seventy-one 71 Eighty-one 81 Ninety-one 91 Seventy-two 72 Eighty-two 82 Ninety-two 92 Seventy-three 73 Eighty-three 83 Ninety-three 93 Seventy-four 74 Eighty -four 84 Ninety-four 94 Seventy -five 75 Eighty-five 85 Ninety-five 95 Seventy-six 76 Eighty-six 86 Ninety-six 96 Seventy-sever i 77 Eighty-seven 87 Ninety-seven 97 Seventy-eight 78 Eighty-eight 88 Ninety-eight 98 Seventy-nine 79 Eighty-nine 89 Ninety-nine 99 Eighty 80 Ninety 90 One hundred 100 Q. How do you count from one hundred to two hundred ? A. One hundred and one 101 One hundred and two 102 One hundred and three 103 Q. What is a thousand ? A. A thousand is ten hundred. Q. "What is a million? A. A million is ten hundred thousands, or a thousand thousands. (1,000,000.) Q. What is a billion? A. Ten hundred thousand millions ; or a million millions. One hundred and four 104 One hundred and five 105 One hundred and six,106&c. (1,000.) mother's catechism 11 LESSON V. Let me hear you multiply by two. Twice 1 are 2 Twice 5 are 10 Twice 2 are 4 Twice 6 are 12 Twice 3 are 6 Twice 7 are 14 Twice 4 are 8 Twice 8 are 16 Let me hear you multiply by three. 3 times 1 are 3 3 times 5 are 15 3 times 2 are 6 3 times 6 are 18 3 times 3 are 9 3 times 7 are 21 3 times 4 are 12 3 times 8 are 24 Let me hear you multiply by four. 4 times 1 are 4 4 times 5 are 20 4 times 2 are 8 4 times 6 are 24 4 times 3 are 12 4 times 7 are 28 4 times 4 are 16 4 times 8 are 32 Let me hear you multiply by five. 5 times 1 are 5 5 times 5 are 25 5 times 2 are 10 5 times 6 are 30 5 times 3 are 15 5 times 7 are 35 5 times 4 are 20 5 times 8 are 40 Let me hear you multiply by six. 6 times 1 are 6 6 times 5 are 30 6 times 2 are 12 6 times 6 are 36 6 times 3 are 18 6 times 7 are 42 6 times 4 are 24 6 times 8 are 48 Let me hear you multiply by seven. 7 times 1 are 7 7 times 5 are 35 7 times 2 are 14 7 times G are 42 7 times 3 are 21 7 times 7 are 49 7 times 4 are 28 7 times 8 are 56 Twice 9 are 18 Twice 10 are 20 Twice 11 are 22 Twice 12 are 24 3 times 9 are 27 3 times 10 are 30 3 times 11 aie 33 3 times 12 are 36 4 times 9 are 36 4 times 10 are 40 4 times 11 are 44 4 times 12 are 48 5 times 9 are 45 5 times 10 are 50 5 times 11 are 55 5 times 12 are 60 6 times 9 are 54 6 times 10 are 60 6 times 11 are 66 6 times 12 are 72 7 times 9 are 63 7 times 10 are 70 7 times 11 are 77 7 times 12 are 84 12 MOTHERS CATECHISM. Now try and see if you can multiply 8 times 1 are 8 8 times 5 are 40 by eight. 8 times 9 are 72 8 times 2 are 16 8 times 6 are 48 8 times 10 are 80 8 times 3 are 24 8 times 7 are 56 8 times 1 1 are 88 8 times 4 are 32 8 times 8 are 64 8 times 12 are 96 Very well ; now 9 times 1 are 9 let me hear you multiply by nine. 9 times 5 are 45 9 times 9 are 81 9 times 2 are 18 9 times 6 are 54 9 times 10 are 90 9 times 3 are 21 9 times 7 are 63 9 times 11 are 99 9 times 4 are 36 9 times 8 are 72 9 times 12 are 108 Let me hear yoi 10 times 1 are 10 i multiply by ten. 10 times 5 are 50 10 times 9 are 90 10 times 2 are 20 10 times 6 are 60 10 times 10 are 100 10 times 3 are 30 10 times 7 are 70 10 times 11 are 110 10 times 4 are 40 10 times 8 are 80 10 times 12 are 120 Let me hear yoi 11 times 1 are 11 i multiply by eleven. 11 times 5 are 55 1 1 times 9 are 99 11 times 2 are 22 11 times 6 are 66 11 times 10 are 110 11 times 3 are 33 11 times 7 are 77 11 times 11 are 121 11 times 4 are 44 11 times 8 are 88 11 times 12 are 132 Now let me heai 12 times 1 are 12 : you multiply by twelve. 12 times 5 are 60 12 times 9 are 108 12 times 2 are 24 12 times 6 are 72 12 times 10 are 120 12 times 3 are 36 12 times 7 are 84 12 times 11 are 132 12 times 4 are 48 12 times 8 are 96 12 times 12 are 144 LESSON VI. Q. How many points of the compass are there? A. Four : North, South, East, and West ? Q. Which is the North ? mother's catechism. 13 A. That part of the heavens and the earth which is oppo- site to the sun at twelve o'clock. Q,. Which is South? A. The South is that part in which the sun is seen at twelve o'clock. The North and South are opposite. Q,. Which is the East? A. The East is that part in which the sun rises. The sun is always eastward during the morning. Q. Which is west ? A. The West is that part of the sky where the sun sets. The sun is always going westwardly after twelve o'clock. Q. What is the sun ? A. An immense globe of light, as much larger than the earth, or world on which we live, as a house is larger than an orange. Without the sun there would be neither light, nor warmth, nor life. Q. What is the world in which we live ? A. The world is an immense ball, or globe, of land and water, moving round the sun once a year, and turning round like a wheel once in a day, or twenty-four hours. Q. Is the earth round? A. It is round, like an orange, and the roughness of the rind of an orange is somewhat similar to the hills and valleys on the surface of the earth. More than two-thirds of the surface of the earth is covered with water. Q. How large is the earth ? A. It is eight thousand (8,000) miles in diameter, and twenty-five thousand (25,000) miles in circumference. Q. What do you mean by the diameter of the earth? A. An imaginary line passing from one side to the other, directly through the center of the earth. Q. What is meant by the circuviference of the earth 1 A. A line passing entirely around the earth. 14 mother's catechism LESSON VII. Q. What is beefl A. The flesh of dead oxen and cows. Q. What is mutton ? A. The flesh of dead sheep. Q. What is veal? A. The flesh of dead calves. Q,. What is pork] A. The flesh of dead hogs. Q, What is ham? A. The salted, smoked and dried thighs of large hogs. Q. What is bacon] A. The salted, smoked and dried flesh of pigs. Q. What is venison] A. The flesh of deer. Q. What is rice? A. Rice is the seed, or berry, of a plant of the same name, which grows in wet swampy lands, on a stalk resembling oats. Q. Is it much used as an article of food? A. Yes ; it is the chief food of the Hin- doos and Chinese, and is much used in all parts of the world. It is said to be more nutricious than any other grain. *" [ham.] (rick.] Q. In what parts of the world is rice cultivated? A. In China, in the East and West India Islands, in South America, and in the southern states of North America, par- ticularly in North and South Carolina and Georgia. Q. What is wheat, and how is it used ? A. Wheat is the seed, or berry of a plant of the same 15 MOTHER S CATECHISM. 17 name, which being ground into flour is made into bread, and, next to rice, is the grain most generally used for food. Q. What is barley, and how is it used ? A. Barley is also a species of grain, which is made into malt, and then brewed with hops into ale, beer, and porter. [barley.] [wheat.] [oats.] Q. What is the use of oats ? A. Oats are excellent food for horses and cattle, and when ground into meal become a valuable article of food for man, which is much used in Scotland. Q. Is there any wheat, barley, or oats, raised in the United States? A. Yes, in almost every part; but most abundantly in the middle and western states. 18 mother's catechism. Q. Are there any other species of grain raised in the United States? A. Yes, several ; the principal of which are rye, maize, or Indian corn, and buckwheat. LESSON VIII. Q. "What is the name of the place in which you live? A. N — , or M — . (Here let the child be taught the name of the city or village in which he lives.) Q. Which are the nearest places to this in which you live? A. N — , or M — . Here the names, and distances in miles, of the three or four nearest places should be mentioned.) Q. "What country, or nation, do you belong to? A. To America. Q,. What is America 1 A. America is one of the four quarters of the globe. Q. In what part of America do you live ? A. In the United States. Q. What state is this in which you live ? A. N — , or M — . (Here let the child be taught the name of the state in wh ich he resides.) Q. Which is the capital of this state ? A. N — , or M — . (Here let the child be taught the name of the capital of the state in which he resides.) Q. In what county, (or district,) do you reside ? A. N — , or M — . (Here let the child be taught the name of the county, or district, in which he resides.) Q. Which is the chief town in this county, (or district ?) A. N — , or M — . (Here let the child be taught the name of the county town m the county, or district, in which he resides.) MOTHER'S CATECHISM. 19 Q. How is America divided? A. Into North and South America. Q,. How is North America divided? A. Into Upper and Lower Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the United States. Q. Which is the largest city in the United States? A. New York, which is also the largest in America. Q. Which is the largest city in Canada? A. Quebec, in Lower Canada. Q. Which is the capital, or seat of government, of the United States ? A. Washington City, in the District of Columbia. Q. How far is it from this place to Washington City? A. (Here let the child be taught the distance, in milcs,from the place where he resides to Washington City.) Q,. Are there any other countries in the world besides those of North and South America ? A. Yes, many; the whole world is supposed to contain about one thousand millions of inhabitants. Of these, the United States contain above twenty millions. Q. How is the world divided? A. Into four parts, called quarters, and named — Europe, Asia, Africa, and America.^ Q. For what is the quarter called Europe distinguished I A. For the cultivation of its soil, the civilization and re- finement of its inhabitants, and for their improvement in science, arts and laws. Q. For what is the quarter called Asia, distinguished? A. As being the part of the world where Adam and Eve, our first parents, were placed, and where most of the events happened which we read about in the Bible. Q. What can you tell me about the quarter called Africa ? A. Africa has always been in a-state of barbarism, except 20 mother's catechism. Egypt, where learning and arts were studied ; and Carthage, which was once one of the famous cities of the world. Q. For what is the quarter called America, distinguished ? A. America is remarkable for the number, the size, and the grandeur of its mountains, lakes, and rivers. It is the largest of the grand divisions of the earth, and possesses all the varieties of soil, climate, and productions of the world. Q. In what part of the world are the United States ? A. In North America, and consist of a union of several independent provinces, under one general government. LESSON IX. Q,. "What is tea? A. Tea is the dried leaves of a shrub which grows in China and Brazil. Q, What is Coffee? A. The berry of a shrub which grows in Arabia and the West Indies. Q,. What is wine ? A. The fermented juice of grapes, which grow in France, Spain, and Portugal. Q. What is beer? A. The fermented extract of barley, boiled with hops. Q,. What is cider? A. A drink made of the juice of apples. Q. What is vinegar ? A. Sour wine, sour cider, or sour beer. Q. What is salt? A. Common Salt is a substance used for seasoning food, and for the preservation of meat. 22 m mother's catechism. 23 Q,. What is pepper ? A. A seed which grows in the "West Indies, used for sea- soning food, and which is commonly ground into powder to prepare it for use. Q,. What is mustard ? A. The seed of a plant of the same name ; when pre- pared for the table, it is ground into powder, and mixed with water or vinegar. Q. What is Butter? A. Butter is made of cream, by churning » Q. Of what is cheese made ] A. Cheese is made of the curd of milk. Q. What is sugar ? A. Sugar is prepared from the sugar-cane, a plant that flourishes in the West Indies, and in the Southern part of our own country. When ripe, the cane is cut down and carried to a mill, where the juice is pressed out of it. This juice is then boiled till it becomes sugar. Q. How is molasses made 1 A. Molasses is the syrup that is drained from sugar when cooling. C SUGAR CANE 'J LESSON X. Q. What are the names and value of our copper money ? A. Cents and half cents ; two half cents are equal to one cent, and one hundred cents are equal to one dollar. Q. What are the names of our silver money 1 A. Dollars, half dollars, quarters, dimes, and half dimes. Q. How many cents make a dime ? 2 24 mother's catechism. A. Ten ; and ten dimes make a dollar. Q. Are there no other kinds of silver money used here? A. Yes, many ; the most common are the Spanish twelve and a half cent, and six and a quarter cent pieces. Q. What are the names and value of our gold coins ? A. Double eagles, which are worth twenty dollars; eagles, worth ten dollars ; half eagles, worth five dollars ; quarter eagles, worth two dollars and a half j and a small gold coin worth one dollar. Q. "What are bank notes? A. Bank notes are representations of money, containing engagements to pay in gold or silver. Q. What is the value of a bank note ? A. Various, according to the sum written upon it ; some bank notes are for one dollar, some for jive dollars, some for ten dollars, and there are some as high as a thousand dollars. Q. What is a Saving's Bank ? A. It is a monied establishment for the benefit of those who have small sums of money. By placing sixteen dollars here, you may, at the close of the year, draw out seventeen. LESSON XI. Q,. How mcuh is a mile 1 A. One thousand seven hundred and sixty yards. Q. How much is a yard 1 A. Three feet, or thirty-six inches. Q. What is a foot ] A. Twelve inches. Q,. What is an inch ? A. Three barley corns. MOTHER'S CATECHISM. 25 Q. How many miles is it round the world? A. Twenty-five thousand miles. (25,000.) Q,. How many miles is it from the earth to the moon ? A. From the earth to the moon it is two hundred and forty thousand miles. (240,000 miles.) Q,. How many miles is it from the earth to the sun ? A. About ninety -five millions of miles. Q. What is a million ? A. Ten hundred thousand. (1,000,000.) Q,. How far is it from America to England 1 A. About three thousand miles. Q,. How far is it from Washington City, the Capital of the United States, to the West Indies 1 A. About two thousand miles. Q. How far is it from America to the East Indies. A. About ten thousand miles. Q. How far is it from London, the metropolis of Eng- land, to Paris, the metropolis of France % A. About two hundred and fifty miles. Q,. How far is it from America to Jerusalem ? A. About five thousand miles. LESSON XII. What is the moon 1 A. It is a globe like the earth, and is two thousand (2,000) miles in diameter. Q. What is the use of it ? A. It seems to have been designed by the all wise Crea- tor to enlighten our earth when the sun is set. Q. What are stars 1 26 MOTHER'S CATECHISM. A. A few moving stars are vast globes, like our earth ; but the chief part of them are fixed suns, like our sun, which give light and heat to other distant worlds. Q,. What are clouds 1 A. The clouds are fogs or vapors, which float in the air from a quarter of a mile to five miles high. Q. What is rain ] A. When clouds become too heavy to float in the air, they fall to the earth in small drops, which is rain. Q. What is thunder t A. The report, and the echoes of the report, of a power called electric. Q. What is lightning? A. The flash of light occasioned by the same power. Q. What is a rainbow ? A. The reflection of the sun's rays in drops of rain. Q,. What is a fog ? A. A cloud which floats on the surface of the earth. Q. What is snow and hail ? A. Frozen drops of rain which fall to the earth. Q. What is an eclipse of the moon ? A. The shadow of the earth on the moon. Q. What is an eclipse of the sun ? A. The shadow of the moon on the earth. Q. What occasions the tides 1 A. The motion of the earth in connexion with the mo- tions of the moon LESSON XIII. Q,. How tall are most men and women ? A. From five to bix feet. fe§^> 28 Q 4 c) ! >1 I I ^K) ■&6^ mother's catechism. 29 Q,. At what age have we done growing 1 A. Between eighteen and twenty-one years. Q. What is the middle age of man's life ] A. Between thirty and fifty. Q,. When does old age commence 1 A. At different periods, according as we live temperately or intemperately. Drunkards and gross eaters become old at fifty, while persons of virtuous and temperate habits do not become old at sixty. Q. What is the greatest age of man's life 1 A. Only one in a thousand attains to the age of ninety- three ; only one in ten thousand attains to one hundred ; but few in many ages have lived to be one hundred and fifty. Q,. How long is it since this world was created 1 A. Nearly six thousand years. Q. How long is it since the birth of our Savior Jesus Christ ? A. We date our years from his birth, so that it is as many years since as the date of the present year, 1849. LESSON XIV. Q. Who discovered America 1 A. Christopher Columbus — a native of Genoa, but at that time in the service of Spain. Q,. In what year did he discover it 1 A. In 1492. Q,. What name did he give the place where he first landed? A. St. Salvador. Q,. Is America an extensive country 1 A. Yes ; it is about ten thousand miles long, and two thou- 2* 30 mother's catechism. sand broad, containing about twenty millions of square miles, or upwards of twelve thousand millions of square acres. Q. What is a square acre ? A. An acre is a piece of land sixty-nine and a half yards long, and sixty-nine and a half broad— or four thousand eight hundred and forty square yards. Q. How much is a square yard? A. Three feet square, or three feet in length and three feet in breadth. Q. How much is a square foot ? A. Twelve inches square, or twelve inches in length and twelve inches in breadth. LESSON XV. Q. How is fire commonly produced ? A. By striking a flint against a piece of steel a bit of the steel is heated red hot, which falling on tinder, sets it on fire. Q. How is this made use of? A. A slip of wood, dipped in sulphur, called a match, is then applied to the tinder, and the sulphur, catching fire, sets fire to the slip of wood. Q. Is this the only method ? A No ; of late years the most common mode is by means of Friction Matches, which being rubbed against the wall, or a piece of sand-paper, immediately take fire. Q. What are candles made of? A. Of a cotton wick dipped in tallow, which is the pre- pared fat of animals. Q. What are coals? A. A mineral substance dug out of the earth, and used for fuel, being very combustible. mother's catechism. 31 Q. What are houses built of? A. Sometimes of wood ; sometimes of brick, mortar, and wood ; and sometimes of stone, mortar, and wood. [building a house.] Q. What do houses consist of? A. Of walls, built chiefly of brick or stone ; and of floors, staircases, doors, and window frames, built of wood. Q. What is the wood chiefly used in building houses? A. Pine, which is sawed or cut from fir-trees, which grow in almost every part of the United States. Q. What are bricks? A. Blocks made of clay, and burnt in a fire called a kiln. Q. What is mortar ? A. Mortar is the cement which binds the bricks or stones together, and is made of lime, hair, sand, and water. Q. What is paint for ? A. To preserve the wood, as well as to ornament it. Q. What is it made of? A. Chiefly of colored earths mixed with oil. Q. What is oil? S CATECHISM A. Oil used for painting is extracted from whales and other fish, linseed and other seeds : but sweet or sallad oil is extracted from olives and other fruit. Q. What is glass ? A. Glass is made of flint and soda melted together in a furnace, and formed into various shapes while liquid. LESSON XVI. Q. What is the form of government of the United States 1 A. Republican, and it is called a republic. Q. What is a republic ? A. A government in which the sovereign power is vested in the people. Q. What titles are given to the chief officers ? A. President and Vice-President, and they are elected by the people once in four years. Q. Who was the first President of the United States ? A. George Washington, who was elected two terms, and served eight years. Q. When did his eight years service commence and end ? A. It commenced in the year 1789 and ended in 1797. Q. Of what state was he a native 1 A. Of Virginia. Q. Who was the second President, and how long did he serve 1 A. John Adams, of Massachusetts. He served one term, commencing in 1797, and ending in 1801. Q. Who was the third President, and how long did he serve? A. Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia. He served two terms commencing in 1801, and ending in 1809. mother's catechism. 33 Q. Who was the fourth President, and how long did he serve ? A. James Madison, of Virginia. He served two terms, commencing in 1809, and ending in 1817. Q. What remarkable event took place during his first term of service? A. War was declared by the United States against England. Q. Who was the fifth President, and how long did he serve ? A. James Monroe, of Virginia. He served two terms, commencing in 1817, and ending in 1825. Q. Who was the sixth President, and how long did he serve? A. John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts, (son of John Adams, the third President.) He served one term, com- mencing in 1825, and ending in 1829. Q. Who was the seventh President, and how long did he serve? A. Andrew Jackson, of South Carolina. He served two terms, commencing in 1829, and ending in 1837. Q. Who succeeded him as eighth President, and how long did he serve ? A. Martin Van Buren, of New York. He served one term, commencing in 1837, and ending in 1841. Q. Who succeeded him as ninth President, and how long did he serve ? A. William Henry Harrison, of Virginia. He served but one month, being inaugurated President on the 4th day of March, 1841, and dying on the 4th day of April following. Q. Who succeeded him as tenth President, and how long did he serve ? A. John Tyler, of Virginia, who was elected to serve as Vice President under Harrison. On the death of the Pres- sident he succeeded him, serving until 1845, the end of the term for which Harrison was elected. 34 mother's catechism. Q. Who succeeded John Tyler as eleventh President, and how long did he serve ? A. James Knox Polk, of Virginia. He served one terra, commencing in 1845, and ending in 1849. Q. What war took place during his term of service ? A. War with Mexico, in almost every battle of which the American army was victorious. Q. Who succeeded James K. Polk, as twelfch President? A. Zackary Taylor, of Louisiana, but born in Virginia, who was inaugurated on the 4th of March, 1849. LESSON XVII. [woolen cloth.] [weaving.] [calico.] Q. Of what is the cloth of men's coats made ? A. Of wool, the hair or fur which grows on sheep. This is spun into yarn, dyed of various colors, and wove into what is called woolen cloth, by the weaver. Q. Of what are ladies' dresses made ? A. Of woolen, silk, linen, and cotton cloth ; but principally of two kinds of cotton cloth, called muslin and calico. MOTHER'S CATECHISM. 35 Q. Of what is linen cloth made ? A. Of flax and hemp. These plants are cultivated in the fields, and being gathered, the fibrous bark, or skin, of the stalk is dressed, spun, and wove into linen cloth. Q. What is silk? A. Silk is made from the web of the silk-worm, a kind of caterpillar which is fed on the leaves of the mulberry-tree. Q. What is cotton ? A. It is a soft, downy substance, much like fine wool, growing in the seed-pods of a shrub called the cotton- plant, which flourishes in warm cli- mates. Q. Is there any cotton raised in this country ? A. Yes, to a very great extent in some of the Southern and South-west- ern states. Q. What else can you tell me about . . a [cotton plant.] cotton ? L J A. Cotton is an extremely useful and important article. It is manufactured into the heaviest, as well as the lightest goods, and furnishes mankind with clothing in the greatest abundance. Its cultivation, transportation and manufacture, employs more ships and more men than any other production. Q. What are boots and shoes made of? A. Principally of leather. Q. What is leather ? A. The tanned and prepared skins of va- rious animals ? Q. What is paper ? A. Paper is made of cotton and linen rags, ground in water to a fine pulp, which is strained through a fine seive, 36 mother's catechism. made in the shape of a cylinder, from which it passes between other cylinders, which press and dry it, and then it is cut into sheets of the proper shape and size. Q. What are men's hats made of? , A. Of the fur of the beaver, muskrat, rabbit, and other animals ; and also of 6ilk and fine wool. Q. What are ladies' hats made of? A. Generally of silk, and of straw baked, and braided or plaited by hand. Q. Of what kind of wood are tables and chairs made ? A. Some tables are made of pine, some of oak, and some of mahogany. Chairs are also made of mahogany, and of black walnut, but most commonly of maple. Q. Where is mahogany brought from ? A. Chiefly from Jamaica and St. Domingo.^ LESSON XVIII. A. How many different kinds of metals are there ? Q. About forty : but the principal ones are — gold, silver, platina, copper, lead, quicksilver or mercury, tin, and iron. Q. Where are metals procured ? A. They are dug out of the earth, mixed with other sub- stances, and in that state are called Ores. Q. Which is the most valuable of the metals? A. Gold ; it is also the heaviest except platina. Q. 'What are some of the uses of gold? A. It is coined into money, and is made by the goldsmith j^S^/ZJ&I'MjbSI'aZIZz. 37 MOTHERS CATECHISM. 39 into cups, vases, watch cases, rings, chains, and many other articles of ornament and use. Q. In what parts of the world is gold found. A. In almost every part, especially in warm climates ? Q. Are there any gold mines in the United States ? A. Yes; in the states of Georgia, North and South Caro- lina, Virginia, and particularly in the territory of California. Q. Where is this territory of California ? A. California was formerly a province of Mexico, and is situated on the western side of North America. Q. What is the use of silver, and where is it found ? A. It is coined into money, and made into spoons, urns, cups, watch cases, and many other articles. It is also used for plating copper. Silver is found in all quarters of the world. Q. What is platina, and where is it found 1 A. Platina is a white metal, like silver, and is found chiefly in St. Domingo. It is the heaviest of all metals. Q. What use is made of mercury, or quicksilver ? A. It is used in medicine and in the arts ; also in refining gold, and in silvering the backs of looking-glasses. Q. What can you tell me about copper? A. Copper is a useful metal, of a reddish color, and is easily hammered or rolled into thin sheets, for covering the bottoms of ships, and the roofs of buildings. It is much used for cooking utensils, boilers, and plates for engravings. Bel 1 metal is made of three parts copper and one part tin. Q. Where is copper found ? A. In Sweden, Saxony, Great Britain, and America. Q. What can you tell me about lead ? A. Lead is a metal of a bluish white color, very heavy and soft. It is easily melted, and is used for gutters, pipes, cis- terns, and reservoirs. It is also cast into bullets and shot. Q. Where is lead found? 40 MOTHERS CATECHISM A. Lead abounds in Great Britain, France, Germany, and America. The lead mines of Missouri are the richest in the world ; the mines being extensive, and the ore very pure. Q. What can you tell me about iron ? A. Iron is, of all metals, the most useful and most abun- dant. It is found in all parts of the world. Iron ore is made into wrought-iron, cast-iron, and steel. Q. Why is iron the most useful of all the meals ? A. Because its uses are innumerable, and no other metal could take its place : without iron, neither commerce, agri- culture, mechanics, nor manufactures could nourish. [chains.] [blacksmith.] [LARGE NAH.S.] Q. Can you name some of the uses of iron? A. Iron is cast into stoves, cooking utensils, gas and water pipes, cannon, balls, rails for rail-roads, and many kinds of machinery. It is also forged by the blacksmith into chains, horse-shoes, nails and spikes, bolts, tools, and the various kinds of iron articles which we see about houses, ships, carts, carriages, and almost every work of civilized man. MOTHER'S CATECHISM. 41 Q. What color is tin, and how is it used ? A. It is a silvery white metal, and a very useful one. What is called tin ware, is made of thin plates of iron dipped in melted tin ; these are wrought into pans, kettles, and various utensils. The richest tin mines in the world are in England. Q. What is the color of zinc? A. Its color is a brilliant white, with a shade of blue. It is a metal much used in the making of brass. Q. What is brass 1 A. Brass is a metal made by mixing copper and zinc. Q. "What is pewter ? A. Pewter is a metal made by a mixture of tin and lead. LESSON XIX. Q. What was the condition of the United States, when they declared themselves independent ? A. They were colonies of Great Britan, and were ruled by governors appointed by the king. Q,. Who was king of England when the colonies rebelled? A. George the Third, grandfather to Alexandrina Victo- ria, the present queen of England. Q. How many states were there in the Union at the time they declared themselves independent of Great Britain. A. Thirteen : — New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Car- olina, and Georgia. Q,. How many states are there at the present time ? A. Twenty-nine ; besides extensive territories. Q,. What are the names of these states and territories ? 42 mother's catechism. A. The states are : Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Florida, Texas, and Iowa. The territories are : Wisconsin, Oregon, and California; to these may be added, the District of Columbia. Q. Which are the principal lakes in the United States 1 A. Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario, and Cham- plain. Q. Which are the principal rivers ? A. Mississippi, Missouri, Columbia, Hudson, Delaware, Ohio, Susquehanna, Alleghany, Illinois, Miami, Red River, Tennessee, Yellow Stone, Potomac, Savannah, and Con- necticut. Q,. Which are the most celebrated falls ? A. Those of Niagara, Passaic, and Missouri. Q. Which are the principal mountains ? A. Alleghany, White Mountains, Blue Mountains, Cats- kill, Table Mountains, Green Mountains, Moose-Hillock, Otter-Peak, and Rocky Mountains. Q,. Which are the principal bays ? A. Chesapeake, Delaware, New York, Massachusetts, Narragansett, Passamaquoddy, Casco, Mobile, Pensacola, Apalachicola, and San Francisco. . Q. Which are the principal islands ? A. Long Island, Martha's Vineyard, Nantucket, Block Island, Prudence, Canonicut, Gardner's, Elizabeth Isles, Staten Island, Mount Desert, Deer and Fox Islands. 43 ,&■■ STUDYING GEOGRAPHY. ?$3 DESCRIPTION OF AMERICA. Tutor. — Give a description of America. Pupil. — America is the most extensive of the four quarters or grand divisions of the earth, and embraces almost every variety of soil, climate, and productions, which the earth affords. The number, size, and grandeur of its moun- tains, lakes, and rivers, far excel those of the eastern con- tinent. The Atlantic ocean washes it on the east, and the Pacific ocean on the west, and it is divided by the Isthmus of Darien into North and South America, which, with the Isthmus, form the Gulf of Mexico. Near this Gulf are the West India Islands, Cuba, St. Domingo, &c. Tutor.— What is the Gulf Stream? Child. — A very remarkable current, which, issuing from the Gulf of Mexico, runs along the coast of the United States, and terminates near the shores of Iceland. Tutor. — How is the continent of North America separated from Asia and Greenland ? Child. — From Asia by Bhering's Strait, which, in the nar- rowest part, is thirty-nine miles broad ; and it is separated from Greenland by Davis' Strait. Tutor. — What name is given to the southern extremity of South America ? Child. — Cape Horn, which is a promontory on the south coast of the island of Terra del Fuego. This island is sepa- rated from the American continent by the Straits of Magel- lan, which are three hundred miles long, and in some places not more than three miles in width. 3 46 MOTHER'S CATECHISM Tutor. — In what year was America first discovered ? Child. — In the year 1492, by Christopher Columbus, who landed in South America. North America was more par- ticularly discovered by Sebastian Cabot, in the year 1497. It derived its name from Americus Vespucii, who, following in the track of Columbus, extended his discoveries much farther north, and by giving the name of America to the countries visited by him, defrauded Columbus of an honor which was due him as first discoverer of the continent. Tutor. — Who founded the first colony in North America ? Child. — Sir Walter Raleigh planted the first colony, and called it Virginia. Since that time North America has very rapidly increased, particularly the United States. Tutor. — Give a description of the United States. Child. — The United States consist of a Union of twenty- nine independent States, besides extensive territories, and comprises a population of over twenty millions. From the year 1497 to 1776, the principal part of the country compo- sing these states was subject to Great Britain ; but in conse- quence of the oppression of that government, was forced into a rebellion, which terminated, after a war of several years, in the complete independence of the United States. Since that time they have increased in a rapid degree, and their territories have been much enlarged by extensive cessions of land from France, Spain, and Mexico. This country is now considered the second commercial nation in the world ; her flag is seen waving from her ships in every port. Tutor. — What are the exports of the United States ? Child. — Principally cotton, bread-stuffs, tobacco, indigo, sugar, rice, fish, flax-seed, beef, pork, butter, cheese, lard, pot and pearl ashes, cotton goods, lumber, &c. Tutor. — What are the distinguishing characteristics of the government of this country. 47 Child. — Its simplicity and freedom. The maxim that " all men are created free and equal," is made the basis of all their institutions. In point of liberty, equality, the benignity of their laws, and the total absence of any thing like direct taxation, the United States are far before any other nation. Tutor. — How are the individual states governed ? Child. — By laws of their own making, which, however, must accord with the Constitution of the United States. Tutor. — What is the general government, and its powers and duties ? Child. — The general government consists of a President, Vice-President, two houses of Congress, and the officers by them appointed. The President has no power to declare war, nor to make treaties, except in conjunction with Con- gress ; to them the power is delegated by the people, to declare war, make treaties, levy taxes, regulate commerce with other nations, make necessary laws, &c. No one state is at liberty to go to war with another state, or with a foreign power ; but all disputes are to be settled by Congress. Tutor. — What is the Congress of the United States? Child. — It consists of a Senate and House of Representa- tives, and assembles at Washington at least once a year. Tutor. — How are the members of Congress elected 1 ? Child. — The House of Representatives is composed of members from the several states, elected by the people ; each state sending one for every 70,680 of its inhabitants. The Senate is composed of two members from every state, who are elected by the legislatures of the several states. Tutor. — How is the President elected 1 Child. — By electors, chosen by the people ; each state chooses as many electors as equal the number of senators and representatives which they are entitled to send to Con- gress. These electors meet in their respective states, and 48 MOTHER'S CATECHISM cast their votes for President and Vice-President. The votes are then sealed up, and sent to Congress, where they are all counted, and the persons who have a majority of all the votes for these two offices, are declared elected President and Vice-President for four years. Tutor. — Are the governors of the states also chosen by electors ? Child. — No ; they are chosen by the peope, — and in most of the states annually. Tutor. — What is the religion of the people ? Child. — The principal part of them profess to believe the Christian religion. There is no established church here, but all persons are at liberty to worship God according to the dictates of their own consciences. Tutor. — Which is the capital of the United States, and what can you tell me about it ? Child. — Washington, in the District of Columbia, is the capital of the United States. The city stands on the east side of the Potomac river, where it unites with the eastern branch. Here the government has erected a number of splendid buildings. The Capitol is a noble structure. The President's House, the Patent Office, the General Post Office, and the Treasury, are also fine buildings. Tutor. — W T hen did the British army enter Washington City, and what excesses did they commit ? Child. — In the year 1814, during the war between the United States and Great Britain, the Capitol, President's house, and all other public buildings, except the Patent Office, were burnt by the British army under the command of general Ross and admiral Cockburn; the Public Library and Navy Yard shared the same fate. Even the monument at the Navy Yard, erected in honor of those who fell at Tripoli, was considerably injured. 49 .»*: iWT^«asi2S> RS u ^«§^i» THE HUMAN BODY. The human body is that visible and earthly covering, or dwelling-place, which God has given to the soul of every man, woman and child. It consists of a great number of hard, solid bones, of different shapes and sizes, according to the different parts of the body which they are intended to form. These are curiously fitted together with joints, (so as to enable us to bend our limbs, and move as we desire,) and altogether are called a skeleton. This frame-work, covered with flesh and skin, is furnished with a mind or spirit, which enables us to think, and by which we are guided in exer- cising those powers and faculties which we enjoy in common with every created being, so long as we are blessed with that principle of life which God bestowed upon us at our birth. In order to retain this principle of life, or to live, the body is supplied with a very wonderful internal machinery, which, as long as it is acted upon by external means, keeps us alive. These external means are food and air, and their exercise or action is called eating and breathing. To eat, is to re- ceive food by the mouth, from which it passes down the throat to the stomach, where it is curiously prepared to strengthen the body and cause it to grow, by assisting in the formation of a fluid called blood. To breathe is to draw in air through a hollow tube in the throat, called the wind-pipe. The air passes from the mouth and nostrils down the wind-pipe into the lungs, where it exerts an influ- ence, necessary to our existence, on the blood, and is then returned or sent out from the lungs the same way by which 3* 52 mother's catechism. it entered. It is also by the act of breathing, or respiration, as it is called, that the natural warmth of the body, or ani- mal heat, is maintained. The fluid named blood, by which our frames are nourished and increased, is conveyed through them by numberless tubes or vessels, called arteries and veins. The heart is the chief organ by which this action, called circulation, is performed; for every time the heart beats, it is contracting or closing together, by which means the blood is sent out through the arteries, and after passing through every part of the body, is returned by another set of vessels, called veins, to the heart, which expands or opens to receive it. This circulation takes place about seventy times in every minute, or every time the heart beats. When, by means of accident or disease, God takes away from us the principle of life, the heart ceases to beat and the 1 blood to flow ; the lungs no longer receive air ; and the body, becoming stiff and insensible, is said to be dead. These facts constitute but a part of the wonders that, whether we sit, stand, walk, or sleep, are constantly going on within us, and by means of which the whole body is kept alive. They form, however, a slight sketch of the most im- portant ; and although we are unable to watch the progress of these vital functions or internal means of life, yet we are every moment sensible of their action, — we can feel our hearts beat, while the warm blood sends health, strength, and joy through our frames. And this frame or body, the veil which serves to conceal so many wonders, and which is the habitation of an immortal soul, is in itself so curious and beautiful, so admirably adapted to the nature of the various circumstances with which it has pleased God to surround us in this world, that it silently invites us to praise and adore Him who made us, and in whom " we live, and move, and bave our being." ACCIDENTS AND DANGEROUS PRACTICES. [The author conceives he is rendering an acceptable servioe to parents and children, by annexing an account of some of those accidents to which children, from inexperience or heedlessness, are particularly liable, and which are often the occasion of deep distress to whole families.] CLIMBING TREES. Many little boys climb trees, to show their skill, activity, and courage. It is a dangerous practice, for they often lose their hold, or a limb breaks, and down they come upon the hard ground, sadly bruised, if not killed. Some wicked boys climb trees to steal fruit, or to rob bird's nests, and a severe fall is often one of the punishments for such crimes. MOTHER'S CATECHISM TUMBLING DOWN STAIRS. No accidents are more common, or more alarming, than en- dangering life or limbs by a tumble down stairs, from haste, want of care, or omitting to hold on to the bannisters. PLAYING WITH KNIVES. Knives are dangerous play -things for little children, and so are scissors, forks, and all sharp tools. Bad wounds are often the consequence of playing with these things, and some children have thus lost their fingers, and even their lives. mother's catechism TOSSED BY A BULL. Bulls are t)ften ferocious and terrible creatures. When enraged, they will toss and gore any one that comes within their reach. They should be carefully avoided by children, and especially should never be teased by them. SCALDED IN A KITCHEN. Beware of scalding water. Children often run about the kitchen when the cook is busy, — or play with the tea-kettle or the tea-urn in the parlor, and get sadly scalded. 56 MOTHER'S CATECHISM. THROWING STONES. Wicked and malicious boys often throw stones, by which they not only bruise one another, but often knock out an eye, or inflict some other wound by which the poor victim may be disfigured for life. FIGHTING. Wicked boys often fight like dogs and other brutes, and sometimes do each other great bodily injury. Such conduct not only disgraces them in the eyes of all good men, but is highly offensive and sinful in the sight of God. MOTHERS CATECHISM TUMBLING OUT OF A COACH. The fastenings of coach doors are not to be depended upon, and children should never lean upon or against them. If not securely fastened, the door flies open, they fall out, and the wheel passing over them, they are killed on the spot. CLIMBING ON THE BACK OF CHAIRS. Many little children get severely hurt by climbing on the back of a chair in which a person is sitting. The person gets up, and the chair then falls back on the poor child, who gets sadly hurt. 58 mother's catechism. PLAYING WITH FIRE-ARMS. Children should never play with a gun or a pistol, and on no account ever point one at another person. Here we see a little boy shooting his sister dead. Such accidents too often occur, and always occasion much unavailing misery. THROWN FROM A HORSE. Sometimes little boys lose their lives by mounting a horse without leave. Their light weight encourages the animal to frisk and gallop ; and the terrified child, too weak to restrain him, falls off, and is dashed against the ground, or perhaps kicked to death by the horse. 60 !@S^QSS!€ISi9OS0S8Bai3@Q@II^QG31B9C ft mother's catechism PLAYING WITH FIRE. In the absence of their parents, thoughtless children often play with fire, by lighting paper and other things. In so doing, the house or their clothes take fire, and dreadful suffering, if not death, is often the consequence. CARELESSNESS WITH CANDLES. The picture shows us two heedless children in their bed- room. One of them has set her hair on fire, and the other the bed-curtains, and both are in great danger of a dreadful death. Be very careful in carrying lighted candles. 62 MOTHER S CATECHISM KICKED BY A HORSE. Horses are useful but very dangerous animals. To be kicked by them is almost certain death; yet little children often go near them, and perhaps play with their tails, with- out being sensible of any danger from their heels. TEASING A DOG. Many children delight in teasing dogs, especially if they find one securely chained. Sometimes they heedlessly ven- ture within reach of the enraged animals and get dreadfully torn and mangled by them. mother's catechism. 63 FALLING FROM A WINDOW. Hundreds of heedless children are killed every year, by falling out of windows. They lean over, lose their balance, and are dashed headlong upon the ground. Children can- not be too careful when they are looking from high windows. DRINKING FROM A HOT TEA-POT. Little children who can just reach to the top of a table, sometimes endeavor to drink from the spout of a tea-pot, and in this way scald their mouths and throats, and die miserable deaths in a few hours. SM. BATHING IN DEEP WATER. Hundreds of poor boys are drowned every year by ven- turing in water beyond their depth. Little children should always be attended by those who can help them if necessary, whenever they go to bathe in deep water. CRUSHED BY A CART. Careless children, often cross the streets immediately be fore carts and carriages, and are sometimes knocked down and "an over. Children should never cross the streets until thej are quite sure no carriages or carts are near. • ^ tft^ iry'Ak dfolrf- ■-* , » « • AMUSING INSTRUCTIVE AMD ^^ . ENTERTAINING TALES. BEAUTIFUL JUVENILE BOOKS, UNIFORM WITH THIS WORK, a ©airs® sv ^©ma© irgiLLLiBo Stories about the Elephant. Stories about Whale Catching The Mischievous Boy ; Tricks and Troubles Two Friends ; or a Visit to the Sea-Side. The History of a Day. Simple Stories in Simple Rhyme. t Buying Experience. Tales for all Seasons. Knowledge for Every Child. The Pleisiuat Journey. A Parent's Offering. The Shipwrecked Orphans. The Poetic Garland. Sandford and Merton. ^ew Edition. The Little Keepsake Story Book. Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. The Little Dreamer. Hymns for Infant Minds. Divine and Mor^il Songs for Children. Parent's Assistant ; or Mother's Catechism. IV E W TALES Constant ft/ adding to the above. , well 1»I flHAPEL STREtT' V I