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THE LIBRARY OF THE

UNIVERSITY OF

NORTH CAROLINA

ENDOWED BY THE

DIALECTIC AND PHILANTHROPIC

SOCIETIES

630.6
K37r

This BOOK may be kept out TWO WEEKS
ONLY, and is subject to a fine of FIVE
CENTS a day thereafter. It is DUE on the
DAY indicated below:

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EEPOBT

OF THE

jbttotUg £>iafr Jgrkultal

TO THE

LEGISLATURE OF KENTUCKY.

FOR THE YEARS 1850 AND 1857,

CAREFULLY PREPARED BY

ROBERT ¥. SCOTT, Corresponding Secretary.

The best Agriculture makes the greatest State;

And the wisest State makes the most of her Agriculture,

FRANKFORT, KENTUCKY.

A. G. HODGES, PUB LLC PRINTER.
1857.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK, &c.

Soon after the close of the Second Kentucky State Fair at Hender-
son, a publication was made inviting the owners of animals which had
taken premiums at either of the State Fairs, and the authors of de-
signs to which premiums had been awarded, to have appropriate illus-
trations executed, and forwarded to the Corresponding Secretaiy, ac-
companied with the proper^edigrees and descriptions, for insertion
in this volume. Subsequently similar application was made in person
and by letter to many persons.

All of the illustrations of stock which took premiums at either of the
State Fairs which were furnished to the Corresponding Secretary or
the publisher have been inserted herein, together with the pedigrees,
and descriptions. The figures in the pedigrees refer to the numbers
in the American and English Herd Books.

Reference is also made to the award of Premiums in this Report
wherein the premiums are recorded.

v l .

'99

VI ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

D'OTLEY, 432.

The property of Jeremiah Duncan, of Bourbon county, Kentucky?
to which the second premium was awarded at the Kentucky State Fair,
at Paris, in 1856 — see page 44 of this Report.

D'Oiley was got by Young Paragon, 1155; out of Louan, by

Otley (4632) ; Cambria, by Bertram 2d, 21 and (3144);

Virginia 2d, by Bertram (1716) ; Lucilla, by Memnon (1322);

Virginia, (imp. by Mr. Law,) by General (272) ; Rosemary, by

Flash (161); Red Rose, by Petrarch (488); by Alexander

(20) ; by Traveller (655) ; by son of Bolingbroke (86).

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

VII

t-l

VIII ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

EL HAKIM.

The property of R. Aitcheson Alexander, of Woodburn, Woodford
county, Kentucky; a Red Roan; bred by Mr. Bolden ; calved Janua-
ry 28, 1853.
El Hakim, - by Grand Duke, - - 10284

1 dam Fame, ... by .Raspberry, - - 4875

2 dam Farewell, - - - by Young Matchem, - 4422

3 dam Flora, - - - by Isaac, - - - 3129

4 dam, - - - - by Young Pilot, - - 497

5 dam, - - - - by Pilot, 496

6 dam, .- - - - by Julius Caesar, - - 1143
In 185G El Hakim took second prize at Lexington, having been

beaten by Sirius as the best three year old Bull

In the same year he took the first prize at the Kentucky State Ag-
ricultural Society's show at Paris, Kentucky ; and was the Bull which,
with the Cows — Vellum, Dutchess of Athol, Mazurka, Forget-me-not,
and Lady Valentine — took the Herd premium at the same show.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK .

.... ■

/'I.,

'■>.-,

fill

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

SIRIUS, 13737.
The property of R. Aitcheson Alexander, of Woodburn, Wood-
ford county, Kentucky; bred by Mr. E. Ackroyd, calved October 11,

1852.

Sirius, - - - - - by Concord, - - 11302

1 dam She's-Coming-Again, - by Laudable, - - 9282

2 dam Fairy Tale, - .- - by Sir Thomas Fairfax, - 5196

3 dam Thomasine, - - by Stillington, - - 5327

4 dam, - - - - by Young Rockingham, - 2547

5 dam, - by Driver, - - - 1928

6 dam, - by Richard, - 1376
Sirius was the winner of the following prizes, viz :

In 1854, first prize at Bourbon County Agricultural Society's Show,
at Paris, Kentucky, as best yearling Bull.

First prize, at same show, as best Bull of any age.

In 1855, first prize, at Kentucky Agricultural Association's Show,
at Lexington, as best two year old Bull.

Second prize, at same show, in ring, of all ages, having been beaten
by R. A. Alexander's Lord John.

First prize at Bourbon County Agricultural Society's Show, as best
two year old Bull.

First prize at Eminence, as best two year old Bull.

First prize at South Western Agricultural Society's Show, at Louis-
ville, as best two year old Bull.

First prize at same show, as best Bull of any age.

In 1856, first prize at the Kentucky Agricultural Association's
Show, at Lexington, as best three year old Bull.

First prize, at same show, as best Bull of any age.

Second prize at Kentucky State Agricultural Society's Show, at
Paris, Kentucky, amongst three year old Bulls, having been beaten
by El Hakim.

First prize, as aged Bull, at South Western Agricultural Society's
Show, at Louisville. Also, first prize, as best Bull of any age, at
same show.

In 1857, first prize at the United States Agricultural Society's
Show, at Louisville; and was the Bull which, with the Cows — Vellum,
Dutchess of Athol, Mazurka, and Forget-Me-Not — took the Herd
premium at the same show.

Second prize, as aged Bull, at the Ohio State Agricultural Society's
Show at Cincinnati.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

XII ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

VELLUM.

The property of R Aitciieson Alexander, of Woodburn, Woodford
county, Kentucky ; a Roan ; bred by Sir R. R. Tempest ; calved
April 1, 1849.
Vellum, - - - - by Abraham Parker, - 9856

1 dam Miss Valentine, - - by Beggarman, - - 3118

2 dam Victoria, - - - by Duke, - - - 3629

3 dam Venus, - - - by Young General, - - 3866

4 dam Maria, - - -by Western Comet, - - 689

5 dam, - - - - by General, - 272
'6 dam, - - - - by Marquis, - - 407

7 dam, - - - - by Simon, - - 590

8 dam, - - - - by Traveler, - 655

9 dam, - - - - by Lame Bull, - - 357
Vellum, previous to importation, was first prize Cow at the show of

the Royal Agricultural Society of England, at the meeting at Glou-
cester.

In this country she has taken the following prizes, viz:

In 1856, first prize of Kentucky State Agricultural Society's show,
at Paris, Kentucky ; and was one of the Cows composing the premi-
um Herd at this show.

First prize, as the best Cow, of any age, at the same show.

First prize, as the best aged Cow, at the Kentucky Agricultural
Society's show, Lexington.

First prize, as best Cow or Heifer of any age, at the same show.

First prize, as best Cow, at South-western Agricultural Society's
show, at Louisville. Also, first prize, as best Cow of any age, at same
show.

In 1857, second prize at Ohio State Agricultural Society's show at
Cincinnati.

She was one of the Cows composing the premium Herd at the
United States Agricultural Society's show at Louisville.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

XIII

XIV

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

DUCHESS OF ATHOL.
The property of R. Aitcheson Alexander, of Woodburn, Woodford
'County, Kentucky; Red and White; bred by Mr. Towneley ; calved
August 19. 1850.

- by 2d Duke of Oxford,

- by 2d Cleveland Lad,

- by Short Tail,

- by 2d Hubback,

- by 2d Earl, -

Duchess of Athol,

dam Duchess 54th,
dam Duchess 49th-,
dam Duchess 30th,
clam Duchess 20th,
dam Duchess 8th,

6 dam Duchess 2d,

7 dam Duchess 1st,

8 dam Duchess, -

9 dam,

10 dam,

11 dam,

12 dam,

9046

3408

2621

1423

1511

418

709

155

252

186

252

319

- by Marske, ....

- by Ketton,

- by Comet,

- by Favorite, -

- by Daisy Bull,

- by Favorite, -

- by Hubback, -

- by J. Brown's Red Bull, -
Duchess of Athol took the following prizes, viz:

Second prize, amongst aged Cows, at the Kentucky State Agricul-
tural Society's show, at Paris, Kentucky ; and was one of the Cows
composing the premium Herd at same show.

In 1857, first prize Cow at Ohio State Agricultural Society's show,
.at Cincinnati.

First prize, as best Cow of any age, at the same show.

She was, also, one of the Cows which composed the premium Herd
at the United States Agricultural Society's show, at Louisville, the
same ytar.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

XVI ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

MAZURKA.
The property of R. Aitcheson Alexander, of Woodburn, Wood-
ford county, Kentucky; a roan; bred by W. M. Smith, West Razen;
calved August 13, 1851.
Mazurka, - - - - by Harbinger, - - 10297

1 dam Mozelle, - - - by Baron ofRavensworth, 781G

2 dam Magnet, - - - by Mariner, - 7204

3 dam, - by Mina, - - 2316

4 dam, - - - - by Commodore, - - 1858

5 dam, - - - - by Rival, - - - 553
Mazurka was imported by the Northern Kentucky Importing Com-
pany in 1853, and was purchased by her present owner, at their sale
near Paris, Kentucky, shortly afterwards, for $3,050.

She was the third prize Cow at the Kentucky State Agricultural
Society's Show, at Paris, Kentucky, in 1856; and was one of the
Cows which composed the premium Herd at same show.

She was, also, one of the Cows composing the premium Herd at the
United States Agricultural Society's Show at Louisville, in 1857, as
well as second prize Cow at that show.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

xvn

xvm

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

LADY VALENTINE.

'The property of R. Aitcheson Alexander, of Woodburn, Woodford
county, Kentucky ; Red and White ; bred by Mr. H. Smith ; calved
October 8, 1853.

Lady Valentine,

- by Harbinger,

- 10297

1 dam Vellum,

- by Abraham Parker,

- 9856

2 dam Miss Valentine, -

- by Beggarman,

- 3118

3 dam Victoria,

- by Duke,

- 3629

4 dam Venus,

- by Young General,

- 3866

5 dam Maria,

- by Western Comet,

689

6 dam,

- by General,

272

7 dam,

- by Marquis,

407

8 dam,

- by Simon, -

590

9 dam,

- by Traveler, -

655

10 dam,

- by Lame Bull,

356

This Cow took the second prize, amongst two year old Heifers, at the
Kentucky State Agricultural Society's show at Paris, in 1856 ; and
was one of the Cows which composed the premium Herd at the same
show.

First prize at Kentucky Agricultural Society's show, at Lexington,
as best two year old, same year.

•ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

XIX

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOHK.

2d duchess of airdrie.

The property of R. Aitciieson Alexander, of Wooburn, Woodford
county, Kentucky; Red and White; bred by the owner; calved Sep-
tember 28, 1855.

- by 2d Duke of Athol, - 11*3-76

- by 2d Duke of Oxford, - 9046

- by 2d Cleveland Lad, - 3408

- by Short Tail, - - 2621

- by 2d Hubback, - - 1423

- by 2d Earl, - - - 1511

- by Marske, - - - 418

- by Ketton, - - - 709

- by Comet, - - - 155

- by Favorite, - - 252

- by Daisy Bull, - - 186

- by Favorite, - - 252

- by Hubback, - - 319

- by Mr. J. Brown's Red Bull, 97
In 1850, 2d Duchess of Airdrie took second prize at Lexington,

amongst Heifers under one year old, having been beaten by Mazurka
3d.

Also, took first prize at Kentucky State Agricultural Society's
show, at Paris, Kentucky, as the best yearling Heifer.

And first prize as best yearling Heifer at South Western Agricul-
tural Society's show at Louisville.

2d Duchess of Airdrie, -

1 dam Duchess of Athol

2 dam Duchess 54th> -

3 dam Duchess 49th, -

4 dam Duchess 30th, -

5 dam Duchess 20th, -

6 dam Duchess 8th,

7 dam Duchess 2d,

8 dam Duchess 1st,

9 dam Duchess, -

10 dam.

11 dam, -

12 dam,

13 dam,

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

XXI

XXII

ILLUSTRATIONS OF EEEMIUM STOCK.

MAZURKA ft
Tlie property of R. Aitcheson Alexvni>er, of Woodburn, Woodford
county, Kentucky; a Roan j bred by the owner ; caived October 5,.
1855.

- by 2d Duke of Athol, - 11375

- by Harbinger, - - 10297

- by Baron of Ravensworth, 7811

- by Mariner, - - - 7204

- by Mina, '- - - 23 L 6

- by Commodore, - - 1858

- by Rival, - - 553
Mazurka 3d, in 1856, took first prize, as best Heifer Calf, at Ken-
tucky State Agricultural Society's show, at Paris, Kentucky ; and,
shortly after, was second as yearling at South -western Agricultural
Society's show, at Louisville.

In 1857, second prize at the United States Agricultural Society's
show, at Louisville, as yearling Heifer.

First prize, as best y tailing Heifer, at Lexington ; and first prize, at
same show, as best animal of any age.

First prize, as best yearling Heifer, at Ohio State Agricultural So-
ciety's show at Cincinnati.

Mazurka 3d,

1 dam Mazurka,

2 dam Mozelle,

3 dam Magnet,

4 dam,

5 dam,

6 dam,

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

XXIII

iiil*l

IB^I

XJS.IV ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

MAZURKA 4th.
The property of R. Aitcheson Alexander, of Woodburn, Woodford
county, Kentucky; a Roan; bred by the owner; calved October 5,
1855.
Mazurka 4th, - - - by 2d Duke of Athol, - 11376

1 dam Mazurka, - - - by Harbinger, - - 10297

2 dam Mozelle, - - - by Baron of Ravensworth, 7811

3 dam Magnet, - - - by Mariner, - - 7204

4 dam, - - - - by Mina, - - - 2316

5 dam, - - - - by Commodore, - - 1858

6 dam, - - - - by Rival, - - - 553
Mazdrka 4th, in 1856, took second prize at Kentucky State Agri-
cultural Society's show, at Paris, Kentucky, as second best Heifer
Calf.

First prize at South-western Agricultural Society's show at Louis-
ville.

In 1857, first prize at United States Agricultural Society's show,
at Louisville, as best yearling Heifer.

Second prize at Kentucky Agricultural Association's show, at Lex-
ington, as second best yearling Heifer. Also, second prize, as second
best Cow or Heifer, of any age, at same show.

Second prize at Ohio State Agricultural Society's show at Cincin-
nati.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

XXV

XXVI ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

FORGET-ME-NOT.

The property of R. Aitcheson Alexander, of Woodburn, Woodford
county, Kentucky ; a Roan ; bred by R. Bell ; calved April 9, 1849.
Forget-Me-Not, - - by 2d Cleveland Lad, - - 3408

1 dam Fanny, - - by 4th Duke of Northumberland, 1940

2 dam Fanny, - - by Short Tail, - - - 2621

3 dam Fletcher 2d, - - by Belvidere, - - - 1706

4 dam Fletcher, - - by son of Young Wyn\ard, - 2859

5 dam, low descended from Mr. J. Brown's Red Bull, - - 97
Forget-Me-Not was first prize Cow at the United States Agricultur-
al Society's show at Louisville, in 185T ; and was one of the Cows
which composed the premium Herd at same show.

Also, one of the Cows which composed the premium Herd at the
Kentucky State Agricultural Society's show the previous year, at
Paris, Kentucky.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PBEMIUM STOCK.

XXYI1

XXVIII ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

DIANA.
A Red Roan Cow, the property of Brutcs J. Clay, of Bourbon
county, Kentucky, to which a premium was awarded in a Herd at the
Kentucky State Fair in 185G ; calved March, 1850 ; got by Duke

of Bourbon, 446, out of Dido, by Romulus, (12019) ; Snow

Drop, by Exception, (3746) ; Flora, by Daroc, (3666);

Tulip, by Mirandi, (4488) ; Lady Munday, by San Martin,

(2599) ; imported Mrs. Motte.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

XXIX

!2j

XXX ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

"IMPROVED KENTUCKY SHEEP."

BRED AND FOR SALE BY ROBERT W. SCOTT, NEAR FRANKFORT, KY.

A lot of these sheep was exhibited at the Kentucky State Fair, at
Paris, in 1856, and also at the National Fair, at Louisville, in 1857,
at each of which a special premium was awarded* to them. See page
53 of this Report.

These sheep are a cross of Saxony, Bakewell, South Down, and
Cotswold, upon the Native, or common sheep, effected by careful
breeding and selection during about twenty years.

They are a successful combination of the hardiness and prolific qual-
ity of the Native Sheep, the size and thrift of the Bakewell and Cots-
wold, and the symmetry of form and delicacy of mutton of the South
Down, while the fleeces combine the weight and length of the Cots-
wold with the fineness and thickness of the Saxony. About one hun-
dred breeding Ewes have been kept for many years, during which time
their produce, both males and females, have been scattered over the
West and South, and have given the greatest satisfaction to the pur-
chasers. Specimens of them have frequently been exhibited at Fairs
in Kentucky and other States and they have uniformly taken pre-
miums.

[See plate on opposite page^\

ILLUSTRATIONS OF PREMIUM STOCK.

XXXI

Improved Kentucky Sheep.

EEPOET

Gentlemen of the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of

Kentucky :

In compliance with the thirteenth section of the act to incorporate
the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, we would most respectfully
report :

The Society was duly organized according to the charter, by a large
and respectable meeting at the Capitol of the State, on the 21st day
of May, 1856. An able and efficient corps of officers was elected,
composed of patriotic and intelligent gentlemen from the three great
Agricultural Districts of the State, who (with but few changes) have
continued to the present time, to render efficient and valuable ser-
vices, gratuitously, except that the Recording Secretary and Treasurer
receive each a small compensation.

A want of experience in the management of such an institution has
been felt, and this cause has to some extent hindered its greatest use-
fulness ; and a season of great drouth and of consequent scarcity, was
also to some extent a cause of discouragement to its friends and pat-
rons.

But the Society has been received with a spirit of kindness and sym-
pathy, by citizens of all classes and professions; and a cordial co-
operation has been manifested by sister associations, not only in Ken-
tucky, but also various other States of the Union, for which the Socie-
ty is deeply indebted, and which has contributed largely to secure the
success and prosperity which have crowned the labors of her officers
and members.

The various meetings of the Society and of her officers have been
harmonious and pleasant; and on all occasions a sincere desire has been
evinced to promote the general welfare, even at the expense of much
personal care and trouble.

Two annual fairs of the Society have been held in different districts

of the State, at each of which a sum exceeding five thousand dollars

was offered in premiums for the reward and stimulus of skill, industrv
1

6 REPORT OF THE

and enterprise in all the various business interests of the State. The
premium lists were, on both occasions, widely distributed, so as to in-
vite the remotest section of the State to enter the field of competition,
and were so arranged as to embrace the interests and confer the benefits
of the Society on all the varied business of all the different sections
of the whole Commonwealth.

These exhibitions, especially considering the diversity of objects
embraced, were the grandest occasions of their kind ever in the dis-
tricts where they were held, and one of them was pronounced by many
persons, competent to judge, as the greatest exhibition of fine stock
ever witnessed by them in the West, or in the Union.

While these occasions have been so managed as prudently and fairly
to dispense the bounty of the State, and so as to advance in a high
degree her agricultural and other business interests, great care has
been taken to guard them from all tendency to promote idleness and
immorality ; indeed, the association will hereafter be regarded as an
occasion for high and refined social enjoyment to both ladies and gen-
tlemen, where all sectional, religious and political prejudices are lost
and forgotten in a grand scene of personal enjoyment and business
improvement.

While the general welfare of the whole community has thus suc-
cessfully been promoted, the pecuniary affairs of the Society have been
placed also in a prosperous condition.

The field of usefulness of the Society has been enlarged by secur-
ing harmonions and concerted action among all the Agricultural and
Mechanical Associations in the State. An interchange of publica-
tions, reports, and books, has been established, which, while it is highly
gratifying to the State Society, will also be highly beneficial to the
county societies themselves. The reports of these Societies show the
most decided progress and improvement which it is their object to pro-
mote, and in them much interesting and useful information is commu-
nicated for permanent record and for general diffusion.

By the establishment of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society,
the respectful consideration of similar associations in other States has
been secured, and we are greatly indebted to them for liberal supplies
of the useful and interesting volumes which they annually publish and
distribute. Copies of these and similar publications, have been pre-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 3

served in the library of the State Society, and the others have been
sent out to the various local Societies in Kentucky, and they will in
time constitute valuable libraries to each of these associations. This
sphere of usefulness, it is hoped, greatly to enlarge as soon as the pub-
lication of our volume, the matter for which is herewith presented,
shall give us something with which to reciprocate these valuable fa-
vors.

An effort has been partially successful also to receive reports from
every county in the State, which shall, in a brief and business manner,
set forth to the reader a plain statement of the agriculture, manufac-
tures, minerals, and motive power of each.

Many of these will be found to be highly interesting and practical-
ly useful; others still are yet expected, and when all shall be widely
published, cannot fail to attract capital, population, industry, and en-
terprise.

In furtherance of this important object, a cabinet has been estab-
lished in the room of the Society, which it is intended shall be an ex-
ponent of the wealth and products of the State, by the careful ar-
rangement and exhibition here of appropriate specimens of the crops,
grasses and grains; the soils, minerals and fossils of every county in
the Commonwealth. Here, also, the diseases which devastate our herds
and flocks, and the insects which destroy our fruits and crops, may be
illustrated and exhibited.

In the same room also has been established a department for the
distribution of seeds, which has already been found highly useful, as a
means of distribution from the National Patent Office (to which the
Society is greatly indebted for numerous packages,) and also as a me-
dium of interchange among the farmers themselves.

The Society has also essayed into a higher and still nobler field of
usefulness, viz: the mental and moral elevation of the farmers and
mechanics themselves. This, we regret to say, is a sphere of useful-
ness more neglected, and therefore still more needed, than any other
connected with the labors of the Society. Man, with mental and moral
culture, is but little lower than the angels; but without these, he is
but little higher than the brutes. With these views, several hundred
dollars have been annually offered in premiums for the best essays on
appropriate subjects connected with agriculture and the mechanic arts,

4 REPORT OF TSE

and many useful and creditable productions have been the pleasant re-
sults.

Two of the most gifted and eminent sons of the Commonwealth,
have also made addresses at the State Fairs, which have shed blessings
on the Society and renown on the State.

This is a brief allusion to all which the Directors were able to do in
the past; but it is hoped the time is not far distant when the Ken-
tucky State Agricultural Society will be required to take charge of an
institution liberally endowed by the State, in which theoretical and
practical agriculture and mechanics, and the sciences connected there-
with, shall be taught to the sons of these professions, upon which all
individual and national prosperity depend.

Full and detailed information upon all the subjects herein alluded to
is contained in the various reports of the officers of the Society, and
of others, which are herewith filed as parts of this communication — all
of which we most respectfully request may be published for the infor-
mation of our own people, and for exchange with kindred associations
in our own and in other States.

All of which is most respectfully submitted, for

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS,

Br Robert W. Scott,
Cor. Sec. Ky. S. Ag. Society.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

HISTORY

OF A

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY IN KENTUCKY IN 1838,

The origin and first organization of all valuable institutions become
subsequently matters of much interest. On this account it is proper
here to make an enduring record of a State Agricultural Society which
was organized in Kentucky in 1838; for. although it has long ceased
to exist, yet it may be regarded as the parent of the present organiza-
tion, and therefore its history is given here.

On the 3d of February, 1838, delegates from thirty-four counties met
in Frankfort, and organized the Second State Agricultural Society of
Kentucky.

Of its numerous and highly intelligent members were the following,
some of whom are now alive: Hon. James T. Morehead, Hon. John L.
Helm, Hon. Adam Beatty, Hon. Thomas Metcalfe, Hon. C. A. Wick-
liffe, Hon. C. S. Todd, Hon. Chilton Allan, Mr. Nathaniel Hart, Mr.
John Lewis, &c.

A constitution was adopted, which provided for the collection and
dissemination of agricultural and statistical information over the whole
State; for the award of diplomas, medals, &c, to the writers of essays
on agricultural subjects, and to the inventors and discoverers of objects
useful to the farmer and mechanic; and, also, for the collection and
distribution of valuable seeds, &c.

It was not then contemplated to hold a Fair by the State Society —
this department being relinquished to the several County Societies
which were then in operation.

The following officers were duly elected, and the most of them con-
tinued to act during the four years of the existence of the Society.
None of them received any compensation. A Vice-President was cho-
sen from each Congressional District.

REPORT OF THE

OFFICERS OF THE SECOND KENTUCKY STATE AGRICULTURAL

SOCIETY IN 1838.

DAVID S. PATTON,
ROBERT B. M'AFEE,
DANIEL MORGAN,
C. S. TODD,
LEWIS SANDERS.

Hon. CHILTON ALLAN, President.

Vice- Presidents .

ALNEY m'lEAN, JOHNATHAN HOBSON,

CHARLES A. WICKLIFFE, FRANK BALLINGER,

WILLIAM SMITH, EDWARD B. GAITHER,

JAMES SHELBY, JAMES GARRARD,

Thomas B. Stevenson, Corresponding Secretary.
Robert W. Scott, Recording Secretary.
Philip Swigert, Treasurer.

Executive Committee.

HARRISON BLANTON, JOEL SCOTT,

C. J. BLACKBURN, JOHN LEWIS,

A. C. KEENON.

The Society held its first meeting in Frankfort, on the 6th of April,
1838. President Allan delivered an able address, which was published
in the Franklin Farmer, a valuable agricultural, paper then published
weekly in Frankfort.

Among the first acts of the society was the passage of a resolution
requesting our Senators and Representatives in Congress to aid in the
passage of a bill, authorising the distribution of seeds, &c. by the Pat-
ent Office of the United States.

The First Annual meeting of the society was held in Frankfort, on the
14th of January, 1839, at which the Hon. C. S. Todd delivered the
Annual Address, which was favorably received and extensively pub-
lished.

The following County Agricultural Societies had delegates in at-
tendance, as auxiliary societies, viz: Bourbon, Jefferson, Henry, Frank-
lin, Shelby, Scott, and Nelson.

Among other interesting and important proceedings, the Correspond-
ing Secretary was instructed to memorialize the Legislature in behalf
of a law to procure and publish the Agricultural Statistics of each coun-
ty in Kentucky; and, also, in behalf of a complete Geological Survey

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 7

of the State; and. also, in behalf of an Agricultural School to be es-
tablished by the State.

The Second Annual meeting of the Society was held in Frankfort,
on the 13th of January, 1840; and the Rev. J. C. Young delivered the
Annual Address, which was also favorably received and extensively
published. Sixteen counties, and several County Agricultural Socie-
ties were represented, and there was a respectable attendance of mem-
bers, among whom was Mr. B. J. Clay, of Bourbon.

A resolution was adopted asking legislative aid in behalf of an
Agricultural School in Kentucky, and a committee was appointed to
present the subject to the Legislature — of which committee Col. A. P.
Churchill, of Jefferson county, who was the mover of the resolution,
was made the chairman.

A resolution was passed to amend the Constitution, so as to author-
ize the holding of a Fair Annually by the Society, and an extempore
exhibition of stock of various kinds was held on the Capitol Square.

Nine premiums of $20 each were offered for the best Essays on Ag-
ricultural subjects.

Among other proceedings, the Legislature was requested to make a
small pecuniary appropriation in behalf of the society. Meetings
were to be held in various parts of the State, and the Hon. James T.
Morehead presented an able and interesting address to the people
of Kentucky, for the promotion of the objects of the society.

Addresses were made in promotion of agriculture in various parts
of the State, both by the President and by the Vice-Presidents during
the summer of 1840.

During the session of the Legislature in 1840 — on motion of Mr.
Meriwether, of Jefferson county, the Committee on Agriculture in the
House of Representatives were instructed to inquire into the expedi-
ency of appropriating a portion of the School Fund to the endowment
of three Agricultural Schools, in various parts of the State.

During the same session, Mr. Guthrie, of Louisville, introduced a bill
in the Senate to provide a general plan for incorporating County and
State Agricultural Societies, and establishing an Agricultural Col-
lege and Model Farm, and appropriating six thousand dollars per an-
num for ten years from the State Treasury, in support of the same.
This bill passed the Senate by 24 to 13 votes, but was lost in the
House of Representatives.

The Third Annual meeting of that State Society was held in Frank-
fort, on the 12th of January, 1841.

Among other interesting proceedings at this meeting four premiums
were awarded to Judge Adam Beatty, of Mason county, for the best

8 REPORT OF THE

Essays on the following subjects: On the Agriculture of Kentucky; on
the Cultivation of Hemp; on the Cultivation of Corn; and on the Cul-
tivation of Tobacco.

Some other interesting proceedings were had, and after the delivery
of the Annual Address, by President Allan, and the re-election of the
old officers chiefly, the society adjourned. As an evidence of the merit,
and favorable impression of the President's address, the Legislature,
(then in session,) ordered the printing and distribution of 5,000 copies
of it at the public expense.

This was the last meeting of that organization which was ever held-
The Legislature, then in session, made no appropriation of money to
aid the Society, and it was not able to pay the premiums which it had
so worthily awarded. Sore discouragement seems to have taken pos-
session of the patriotic hearts which had so earnestly and successfully
labored for the public good for three, years, without other reward than
that of well doing.

But the patriotic labors of the Society were not lost. The publica-
tions, essays and speeches of the Society, were extensively read, and
the public mind was instructed on the duty and interest of the State in
behalf of the great objects for which it labored so well.

The agricultural statistics of the State have long been collected and
published through the Second Auditor's office; a Geological Survey of
the State is in successful progress; a State Agricultural Society has
been incorporated and endowed by the Legislature; and the establish-
ment and endowment of an j Agricultural College and a Model Farm, is
the only work yet remaining to be done, of the great undertakings of
that Kentucky State Agricultural Society.

Let the friends of Agricultural improvement take courage, and per-
severe in these good works, all of which, indeed, are but just begun.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE PRESENT KENTUCKY
STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

The benefits of the deceased State Agricultural Society were too nu-
merous and impressive to be forgotten by the Farmers and Mechanics
of Kentucky. The facts and arguments in its behalf, which had been
thrown before the public mind, were all the time working like leven in
its favor. Similar institutions were in prosperous progress in all the
States around us, and a laudable State pride could not brook our back-
wardness and inferiority in this respect. The experience of several
years clearly demonstrated that many of the proper objects of a State
organization could not be successfully accomplished by local Societies,
though they were numerous, and several were large and powerful.
The want of a more extended and comprehensive organization, sup-
ported and countenanced by the State, was felt by the friends of Agri-
cultural improvement as a pressing necessity, notwithstanding almost
all the measures which such an institution had formerly recommended
were now being carried out.

The Agricultural statistics of the State were collected and published,
and a Geological Survey was in prosperous progress. Governor L. W.
Powell, had made, in his message to the Legislature in 1853, the first
direct recommendation to appropriate money from the Treasury of the
State in aid of her Agricultural and Mechanical interests, and a similar
recommendation had been warmly renewed by Governor C. S. More-
head, in his message in 1855; and the public sentiment was impressed
that the governmental arm and purse should be extended in promotion
of these greatest interests of the Commonwealth; but the Legislature of
Kentucky had not yet responded, by efficient action, to that improved
and enlightened sentiment.

Thus impressed with the importance of organizing a large and use-
ful institution, whose salutary influence should embrace the whole
State, a few gentlemen met by concert, at the office of Mr. Benjamin
Gratz, in Lexington, about the first of January, 1856. The venerable
Dr. Elisha Warfield presided over the meeting, which was composed
of Mr. Benjamin Gratz, of Fayette, Mr. R. A. Alexander, of Woodford,
Mr. J. G. Kinnaird, of Fayette, Mr. Robert W. Scott, of Franklin, and
Mr. William Warfield, of Fayette.

10 REPORT OF THE

After harmonious consultation, a committee was appointed to issue
a circular, inviting all the friends of the measure to meet in Frankfort
on the second Wednesday in that month, and accordingly the follow-
ing circular was issued and widely circulated :

Lexington, Kt., January 5, 1856.
Dear Sir: The suffering condition of a great and common cause must be our apology for
addressing you on this present occasion.

We are Brother Agriculturalists, and rely upon our profession for personal respectability
and for pecuniary profit. We have a common country, whose prosperity or decline is but the
measure of our own. Our cotemporaries of this enlightened age, are making giant strides in
every department of agricultural improvement, and we too must bring to our assistance every
aid of industry, intelligence, and enterprise, or sink ignobly in the rear.

The agriculture of other States has experienced, for many years, the most genial impulses
and most effective aid from the action of enlarged and powerful State organizations, the funds
of which are supplied, chiefly or in part, from the public treasuries of those States. But in Ken-
tucky, the oldest Western State, the Farmer and Mechanic have been left to their own indi-
vidual exertions, aided, in some cases, by small and local associations ouly. To relieve our-
selves from this disadvantage, and to place us on equal ground in the field of improvement, ia
at present our aim.

For this object, replete with personal advantage and with comprehensive patriotism, we in-
voke your aid. We ask your co operation by your pen and your tongue, and by your high
character and extensive popularity. Especially we invite and desire you to meet with us, in
Frankfort, on the third Wednesday in this month — being the 16th — when, by our united coun-
sels, we will present to the Legislature the form of a charter for a State Society, which shall
dispense the bounty of the State with blessings to all, and without partiality to any.

We trust that nothing but the most imperious necessity will prevent your assembling with a
very large number of your Agricultural Brethren of Kentuckv,on the occasion proposed.

R. W. SCOTT, of Franklin, 1

J. G. KINNAIRD, of Favette,
GARRETT DAVIS, of Bourbon, J- Committee.
WM. R. DUNCAN, of Clarke, |

R. A. ALEXANDER, of Woodford, J

Pursuant to this call, a large number of the most prominent Agriculturalists of the State
assembled in the Court House, in Frankfort, at 11 o'clock, on Wednesday, January 16th, for
the purpose of organizing a State Agricultural Society.

PROCEEDINGS.

The meeting was called to order by Hon. L. W. Powell, who nominated Col. James F. Buck-
ner, of Christian, as Chairman, and Robert W. Scott and Philip Swigert, Esqs., of Franklin,
as Secretaries.

Mr. R. A. Alexander, from a committee appointed for that purpose, reported a draft of a
Charter, which it was proposed to ask the Legislature to enact, and which, after being amend-
ed in some particulars, was adopted.

After the adoption of this report, the meeting adjourned to meet at half past 2 o'clock, in
the Hall of the House of Representatives.

AFTERNOON.

The meeting reassembled at the Capitol, pursuant to adjournment.

On motion of Mr. Robert Mallory, of Oldham, the vote adopting the draft of a charter was
reconsidered, and the second section amended so as to provide for an immediate organization,
and it was then again adopted.

Mr. Gibson Mallory, of Jefferson, offered the following resolution, which was adopted:

Resolved, That a well conducted agricultural paper in Kentucky is demanded by the best in-
terests of the farmers and stockbreeders, and that in our opinion such a paper should and
would be sustained.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 11

Mr. Whitaker, of Shelby, offered the following resolution:

Resolved, That agriculture, in its most comprehensive sense, is in the basis of all individual
and national prosperity, and is eminently worthy of assistance from the treasury of the State.

This resolution was advocated by Messrs. Whitaker, of Shelby, L. W. Andrews, of Flem-
ing, and R. Mallory, of Oldham, and adopted.

Mr. William P. Hart, of Woodford, offered the following resolution:

Resolved, That any legislation calculated to diminish the number of dogs, especially in the
more populous portions of Kentucky, would be pre eminently wise and salutary, and would be
cordially approved and sustained by the people.

This resolution was advocated by Messrs. W. P. Hart, of Woodford, Robert W. Scott, of
Franklin, and C. A. Preston, of Clarke, and opposed by Mr. G. Mallory, of Jefferson; after
which it was adopted.

The meeting then adjourned until 7 o'clock.

NIGHT SESSION.

The Convention was addressed by Messrs. J. B. Huston, Robert Mallory, A. C. Preston, J,
F. Buckner, O. P. Hogan, and W. D. Gallagher.

Mr. G. Mallory offered the following resolutions, which were adopted :

Resolved, That a committee of six be appointed, two for each Agricultural District, whose
duty it shall be to solicit aid and subscriptions to an Agricultural paper; and that said committee
have the power, under the sanction of this Association, to give the title to said paper, audio
designate the place at which it shall be printed.

Resolved, That this Association pledge its aid and active co operation in this enterprise.

Committee — R. W. Scott, 0. P. Hagan, G. Mallory, W. Thompson, J. A. Anderson, and
Issac Lewis.

Mr. R. Mallory offered the following resolution, which was adopted :

Resolved, That each member of the General Assembly who feels an interest in the objects of
this meeting, be requested to use his best exertions to procure his constituents to become
members of this Association, and to attend in Frankfort, on the 21st day of February, 1856, to
organize it by the election of the proper officers.

Mr. R. W. Scott offered the following resolution, which was adopted :

Resolved, That the thanks of this meeting be tendered to Governor Jos. A. Wright, Presi-
dent of Indiana State Board of Agriculture, for his interest and assistance in our enterprise,
and for the presentation by him of several volumes of the proceedings of the Indiana State
Board of Agriculture.

Mr. R. Mallory offered the following resolution, which was adopted, viz :

Resolved, That a committee of seveu be appointed, whose duty it shall be to prepare a con-
stitution, rules and regulations for the government of this Association, and report the same at
its meeting on the 21st February, 1856.

Committee— R. Mallory, R. W. Scott, J. B. Huston, J. Preston, Jr., W. D. Gallagher, R. A.
Alexander, Wm. R. Duncan, and J. Duncan.

Dr. S. D. Martin offered the following resolution, which was adopted, viz:

Resolved, That be a committee, whose duty it shall be to present the subject to the

Legislature now in session, and ask the enactment of a law granting the proposed charter for
the State Agricultural Society of Kentucky.

Committee — S. D. Martin, R. W. Scott, A. G. Hodges, R. J. Spurr, J. Preston, Jr., John Cun-
ningham, B. Gratz, and E. F. Nuttall.

Mr. J. B. Huston offered the following resolution, which was adopted, viz:

Resolved, That the Legislature be requested to enact a law, making it the duty of the As-
sessors for the year 1857, to ascertain, and report the number of dogs in each county, and also
to ascertain and report the number of sheep killed by dogs, wolves and wild cats, and their
value, during the year preceding.

Mr. Gratz offered the following resolution, which was adopted, viz :

Resolved, That the thanks of this Convention are hereby tendered the President for the man-
ner in which he has presided over its deliberations.

The Convention then adjourned to meet again the 21st of February following.

REPORT OF THE

ADJOURNED MEETING.

Pursuant to the adjournment of the Convention of Agriculturalists which assembled in
Frankfort on the 16th of January, 1856, the same body re assembled at the Court House, on
the 21st of February, Col. Buckner, of Christian, again presiding, and Messrs. R. W. Scott
and P. Swigert, of Franklin, again acting as Secretaries.

Col. Buckner, the President, remarked that'this was the day set for the consideration of the
proposed charter in the Senate, and that he could do the cause more good by being in his seat
there than by assisting in the deliberations of this Convention. He therefore suggested that
some other gentleman take the chair.

Mr. R. Mallory, of Oldham, moved that the Convention adjourn until 3 o'clock, suggesting
that in the meantime they would know the action of the Senate.

Col. Buckner suggested that the Senate might not take conclusive action to-day, and if it
did, the same difficulty would remain, as the charter had not yet passed the House of Repre-
sentatives.

Mr. Gratz suggested that the Convention had better hear the report of the committee to pre-
pare by-laws and regulations.

Mr. R. Aitcheson Alexander, as one of the committee, remarked that the committee had
found that nearly all the regulations necessary were embraced in the proposed charter, and
that very few additional rules would be needed. The few the committee considered neces-
sary, they were ready to report.

Mr. Mallory withdrew his motion to adjourn.

Col. Buckner again suggested that some other person take the chair.

Mr. Cunningham, of Bourbon, suggested that the Chair designate a Chairman pro tem.

The President designated Mr. R. Mallory, who took the chair.

Mr. W. D. Gallagher, of Oldham, called for the reading of the proceedings of the former
meeting, and they were read by Mr. Scott, Secretary.

The reports from committees being called for, Mr. Scott, from the committee upon an Agri-
cultural paper, remarked that all the committee had not had an opportunity to consult together;
those who had consulted had prepared a report; but he suggested that further time be given
for consultation.

Mr. W. R. Duncan, of Clarke, moved to give further time, until seven o'clock this evening.
Carried.

Col. L. J. Bradford, of Bracken, made a few remarks in regard to the prospects of the en-
actment of the proposed charter by the Legislature. Col. B. thought the charter would pass
with a liberal appropriation. Perhaps they might not get all they asked for, but he thought
they would get enough to set the society in successful operation.

Mr. R. Aitcheson Alexander, from the committee on Rules and Regulations, made a report.

Before any definite action was taken upon this report, the consideration of it was suspended
for a few minutes to allow gentlemen present who were not members of the society, to become
such by subscribing their names, and the following persons became members at that time, or
during the year, viz:

NAMES.

Alexander, A. J.
Alexander, R. A.
Arnold, James,
Allen, Albert,
Bradford, J. T.
Bedford, Ben. C.
Burton, J. A.
Brand, G. W.
Buckner, J. F.
Bedford, H. M.
Bibb, T. P. A.

POST OFFICE.

Spring Station.

Carlisle.

Lexington.

Augusta.

Paris.

Hopkinsville.
Forks Elkhorn.
Frankfort.

NAMES.

Adams, T. J.
Ardery, Laf.
Allen, Jeff.
Avery, H. S.
Bramlett, P.
Bean, George A.

POST OFFICE.

Georgetown.

Huston, Clark co.

Paris.

Spring Station.

Flat Rock.

Mountsterling.

Brindley, T. E C. Simpsonville.

Batterton, Ben A. Jacksonville.

Batterton, James, Millersburg.

Berry, Joseph L. North Middletown.

Bedford, G. M. Paris.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

NAMES.

POST OFFICE.

NAMES.

POST OFFICE.

Bate, J. T.

Barnhill, John,

Lagrange.

Brent, H. T.&J.C

Paris.

Bacon, W. A.

Paris.

Bedford, Edwin G.

Paris.

Bean, Eli,

Winchester.

Bacon, R. A.

Paducah.

Blanton, H.

Frankfort.

Bradford, L. J.

Augusta.

Blackwell, A.

Winchester.

Baker, A.

Barbour, P. B.

Louisville.

Blakey, J. M.

Brannin, John S.

Louisville.

Browder, Robert,

Volney.

Brent, Thos. Y.

Louisville.

Bate, G. B.

Bell, William,

Gwensboro 7 .

Buford, A. C.

Versailles.

Bedford, A. V.

Paris.

Butler, Noble,

Louisville.

Bedford, B. F., Jr,

Paris.

Bright, C. D.

Versailles.

Barbour, P. S.

Louisville.

Bradley, J. W.,Jr.

Georgetown.

Bruce, John,

New Castle.

Blackburn, E. M.

Spring Station.

Bush, John P.

Winchester.

Bowman, A. H.

Brodwell, M. L.

Cynthiana.

Butler, JR.

Frankfort.

Bradburn, Jas. C

Flat Rock.

Barret, W. T.

Henderson.

Brown, Scott,

Frankfort.

Brown, Joseph,

Bowman, R. B.

Nicholasvill®.

Benton, Horace,

North Middletown.

Bedinger &

Brent, Charles S,

Paris.

M'Cormack,

Maysville,

Burton, J. W.

Perryville.

Bruce, S. D.

Lexington,

Bascom, Dr. J. C.

Barlow, Mrs. E-.

Cynthiana.

Browne, Stephen C.

Springfield.

Bush, Philip,

Covington.

Browne, Richard J.

Springfield

Burbridge, 0. H.

Paris.

Brown, Elias B.

Blood, S. D.

Lexington.

Boggs, Robert C.

Athens.

Bullock, R. S.

Lexington.

Breckinridge, R. J.

Danville.

Burfort, J. T.

Danville.

Crutchfield, J. S.

Goshen.

Coons, Thos. L.

Lexington.

Chew.S. H.

Current, Thos. W.

Paris.

Crockett, W. D.

Georgetown.

Crouch, Isaac S.

Flat Rock.

Clarke, Joseph,

Frankfort.

Campbell, John R.

Carlisle.

Cox, T. M.

Frankfort.

Cromwell, H. F.

Cynthiana,

Casseday, Ben.

Louisville,

Collins, S. W.-&L.

Caldwell, R. L.

A. Collins,

Millersburg.

Curry, W. T.

Harrodsburg.

Curl, John,

Paris.

Campbell, C. A.

Current, John,

Ruddell'a Mills.

Calhoon, J. C.

Cunningham, Lewis

I, Paris.

Cunningham, I., Jr.

Winchester.

Chiles, George L.

Chilesburg,

Clay, Henry, Jr.

Paris.

Crutcher, J. H., Jr.

Frankfort.

Clay, Samuel, Jr.

Paris.

Cromwell, John W.

Lexington.

Clay, F. P.

Paris.

Cohen, Alfred,

Danville.

Colcord, Wm. R,

Paris.

Chanslor, R.

Mayslick.

Clay, Samuel H.

Paris.

Craig, Newton,

Georgetown,

Crittenden, R. H.

Frankfort.

Cooper, John H.

Lexington.

Cunningham, John,

Paris.

Chiles, Henry J.

Lexington.

Cunningham, Jno. Jr,

j Faris.

Cloud, J. C.

Lexington.

Cook, W. A.

Harrodsb-urg,

Craig, Peter,

Louisville.

Churchill, A. P.

Frankfort.

Clay, James B.

Lexington.

Castleman, Lewis,

Lexington.

Case, James A.

Hutchinson's.

Chorn Samuel,

Clay, John M.

Lexington.

Cunningham, Tho. L. Clintonville.

Craig, Parker,

Lexington.

Clay, Robert H.

Paris.

Cooper, Milton,

Glendale.

Crutcher, Thos. G.

Shelbyville.

Cluke, R. S.

North Middletowa.

Congleton, Wm. H.

Flat Rock.

REPORT OF THE

NAMES.

Deshe, Lucius,
Drane, J. H.
Duncan, Jeremiah,
Dudley, Peter,
Davis, Garret,
Dudley, A. W.
Duncan, W. R.
Davison, W. S.
Davison, E. L.
Davis, R. M.
Duke, William,
Dougherty, Jno. C.
Elam, W. S.
Estill, W. R.
English, R. B.
Emery Brothers,
Ewalt, Samuel, Sr.
Edwards, Geo. W.
Foree, E. D.
Forman, Geo. W.
Fisher, Wm. H.
Ferguson, NoahS.
Fisher, I. P.
Ford, Albert,
Funk, Peter,
Fairbanks, E.&F.
Gratz, H. C.
Garrison, Saml. Y.
Gratz, M. B.
Goslie, J. W.
Gibson, W. M.
Giltner, Henry,
Gray, J. P.
Gallagher, W. D.
Garrett & Spears,
Gaines, T. J.
Grimes, J. S.
Giltner, John,
Grundy, Samuel R.
Grundy, Thos. S.
Givens, Richard,
Haldeman, W. N.
Hawes, Richard,
Hodges, A. G.
Hobbs, E. D.
Hawkins, E. O.
Hancock, G. W.
Hughes, J. R.
Hormlv, J. A.
Hart, W. P.
Harper, Frank,
Harvie, J. 3.

POST OFFICE.

Cynthiana.

Eminence.

Paris.

Frankfort.

Paris.

Frankfort.

Winchester,

Springfield.

Harrodsburg.

Danville.

Owingsville.

Henderson.

Lexington.

Yeagersville.

New York City.

Paris.

Williamson, P. O.

Lexington.

Danville.

Eminence.

Jeffersontown.

St. Johnsbury, N. Y.

Spring Station.

Campbellsburg.

Lagrange.

Frankfort.

Versailles.

Louisville.

Paris.

Clintonville.

Mooreland's.

Springfield.

Fredericksburg.

Danville.

Louisville.

Paris.

Frankfort.

Williamson.

Russellville.

Louisville.

Springfield.

Versailles.

Midway.

Frankfort.

NAMES.

Daniel, Traverse,
Dillard, R. T.
Dale, B. H.
Dawson, Jefferson,
Darnaby, F. S.
Downing, J. L.
Dills, George K.
Desha, Joseph,
Dolan, Patrick,
Desha, John R.
Darnaby, James E.

Everitt, Isaac,
Edwards, Jno. H.
Ewalt, Jo. H.
Elrod, J.C.
Ethrington, H.

Frankenberg, A.
Forman, Samuel,
Fall, Miss Carrie,
Field, Thompson D.
Fall, Thomas,
Foley, James,
Faulkner, J.
Frazier, S. C.
Griffith, John,
Graves, Joseph,
Garrett, Robert,
Gray, F. J.
Goodrich, F. H.
Garnett, Thos. J.
Galbreath, Ben.
Gray, James,
Gass, M. M.
Gaines, Jonas N.
Grigsby, W. R.
Gill, John L.
Gano, S. F.
Green, N. P.
Goddard, W. W.
Hall, James,
Hill, John,
Hedges, Willis W.
Hutchcraft, R.
Hill, John,
Harvie, L. E.
Holton, John A.
Hughes, W. T.
Howell, David,
Humphreys, Jos. A.
Hughes, Jacob,

POST OEFICE.

Owingsville.
Lexington.
New Castle.

Lexington.
Lexington.
Cynthiana.
Cynthiana.
Lexington.
Lexington.
Lexington.

Louisville.

Paris.

Lexington.

Moreland's.

Columbus, O.
Mayslick.
Frankfort.
Pekin.

Lexington.

Millersburg.
Lexington.
Versailles.
Cynthiana.
Smithfield.
Paris.
Broadwell.
Broadwell.
Paris.

Centreville.
Danville.
Columbus, O.
Georgetown.
Frankfort.
Covington.
Paris.

Centreville.
Paris.
Paris.

Frankfort.

Lexington.

Mountsterling.

Versailles.

Pine Grove.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

NAMES. POST OFFICE.

Humphreys, S. P. Midway.
Hutchcraft, James, Paris.

Hogan, 0. P.
Hedges, Peter,
Hoskins, J. S.
Holtzclaw & Dick-

erson,
Hall, Joseph.
Hibler, S. M.
Hibler, B. F.
Howe, Mrs. Ben.
Hedges, Silas,
Hedges, VVm. G.
Hite, Joseph S.
Horton, W. F.'
Harp, David, Sr.
Hildreth, Jno. K.

Williamstown.

Paris.

Bryantsville.

Clintonville.

Paris.

Cynthiana.

Louisville.

Flat Rock,

Moreland's.

Paris.

Hutchison, Martin, Hutchison's P. 0.

Innes, Robert, Lexington.

Julian, Alexander, Frankfort.

Jones, D. W. Danville.

Johnson, John T. Carlisle.

Jamison, Richard, Cynthiana.

Johnson, J. B. Lexington.
Kennedy, T. S.

Keeue, W.H. Frankfort.

Kinslear, James, Dry Ridge.

Kilgore, Anthony, Germantown.

Kennedy, W. M. Huston.

Kirkpatrick, J. & G. Paris.

Kimbrough, J. W. Cynthiana.

Kennedy, E. M. Paris.

Keenon, A. C. Frankfort.

Kennedy, J. Smith, Hutchison's P 0.

Kennedy, R. P. Lexington.
Klizer, Mary,

Lewis, Cad. Frankfort.

Lewis, George W. Frankfort.

Link, W.R. Frankfort.
Lecompte, C. C.
Lindsay N. T.

Lewis, John, Frankfort.
Lewis, Wm.

Low, Sol. Moreland's.

Lemon, J. C. Georgetown.

Laughlin, T. C. Owingsville.

Lillard, Thos. Danville.

Lindsay, R. H. Paris.
Martin, Dr. Sam. D. Fishback's P. O.

McKee, James, Mountsterling.

Mallory, Robert, Lagrange.

Marshall, A. K. Nicholasville.

NAMES.

Hunt, G. D.
Hildreth, Horace,
Hildreth, Jos. A.
Howerton, J. A.
Huthcraft, Thos. A.
Hughes, Mrs. Mary,
Henderson, James,
Heath, David M.
Heller & Young,
Hynes, W. R.
Henry, M. R.
Hopkins, Luke,
Harbison, J. V.
Hudson, Harry,
Hedges, Henry,
Hand, Innes and
Whitemore,

Irwin, W. S.
Judy, David B.
Jamison, James K.
Jones, F. T.
Jackson, J. A.
Joyce, J. O.
Kennedy, John B.
Kerr, H.

Kelly & Forman,
Kellar, Isaac,
Kellogg, H.
King, David,
Kirtley, Simeon,
Kimbrough, M.
Kennard, J. G.
Kykus, Benj.
Kirkpatrick, J. A.

Low, C. H.
Leer, Henry,
Landphus, W. K.
Lee, a. & Co.
Lyle, Rev. J. K.
Lewis & Wilson,
Lewis, T. W.
Lewis, H. C.
Lindsey, H. K.
Liter, Joseph,
Lincoln, John K.

Moore, J. H.
Mason, P. B.
Mason, J. C.
Moore, J. A.

POST OFFICE.

Lexington.

Paris.

Newtown.

Moreland's.

Danville.

Cincinnati, O.

Bardstown.

Versailles.

Eminence.

Shelbyville.

Louisville.

Paris.

Lexington.

Mount Gillead.

Shelbyville.

Paris.

Owingsville.

Winchester.

Paris.

North Middletown.
Paris.
Ruddle's Mills.

Cynthiana.
Lexington.
Dayton, 0.
Cynthiana.

North Middletown,

Paris.

Cincinnati.

Paris.

Cincinnati.

Winchester.

Covington.

FlemiDgsburg.

Winchester.

Louisville.

REPORT OF THE

NAMES. POST OFFICE.

Murphy, F. G.
Miles, E. L.

Marshal], C. A. Washington.
Marsh, Thos. K. Paris.
Marsh, B. B. Paris.

Matson, J. S. Paris.

Macey, L. W. Frankfort.

Miller, Robert N. Louisville.
Miller, Wingate &

Co. Louisville.

Montgomery, B. E. Springfield.
Miller, G. C. & Co. Cincinnati.
McClintock, Millersburg.

Morris, John, Millersburg.

Metcalfe, William, Carlisle.
Morgan, W. H. Carlisle.
McMillen, J F Carlisle.

Miller, Washington, Winchester.
McMillan, Robt. North Middletown.

Miller, James M.
Mayo & Hopkins,.
Neff, Michael,
Nelson, W. H.
Nichols, William,
Nutter, Robert,
O'Bannon, J. B..
Offutt, H.
Offutt, A. D.
Oxley, L.
Osborn, W.M. A.
Peter, Arthur,
Preston, C. A.
Proctor, D. C.
Pennington, A.
Powell, C. H.
Powell, Cuthbert,
Parker, Preston,
Pruden, M.
Penn, David,
Peck, F. E.
Parish, Jonathan,

Millersburg.
Covington.
Clintouville.
Mountsterling.
Millersburg.
Lexington.
O'Bannon'sP. 0.

Georgetown.

Cynthiana.

Paris.

Louisville.

Winchester.

Frankfort.

Louisville.

Henderson.

Moreland's.

Lexington.

Paris.

Carlisle.

Pritchett, James W. Moreland's.
Paten, Alex. Ruddle's Mills.

Rennick, Abram,
Rennick, James,
Roberts, J. T.
Rogers, W. B.
Rogers, C. C.
Ritchart, R. E.
Rice, John M.
Rice, H. W.
Reed, J. P.

Clintonville.

Frankfort.

Paris.

Flat Rock.

North Middletown

Danville.

NAMES.

Melendy, P. & L.
McClelland, N. S.
McGill, L.
Moore, Mrs. Abrm.
McClintock, Alex.
Miller, Robert E.
Martin, David,
Massie, W. W.
Martin, Isaac T.
McKim, J. & Co.
Miller, James,
Miller, James,
Males, Samuel,
Montague, James,
Morgan, Alex.
McClelland, J. T.
Miller, G. C. & Co.
Miller, Jno. A.
Marr, T. F.
Martain, Saml. T.

Nutter, C. C.
Nunn, Wm.
Nicholas, M.
Nichols, Henry,
O'Brian, John,
Owen, Lane & Dyer
Owen, D. D.
Oldham, Ed.
Osman, Jno.
Phipps, W. R.
Pryor, Saml.
Pollock, Dr. A. H.
Piper, Wm.
Patterson, Jos. M.
Perrin, G. H.
Pitts, John A.
Pendry, Goodloe,
Porter, A. C.
Price, James,
Pullum,Mrs. W. A.
Parker, M. H.
Proctor, G. M.
Ranson, Geo,
Roseberry, Hugh,
Rankin, John,
Rodgers, Joseph,
Richardson, James,
Rymal, Geo.
Redmon, Hope,
Redmon, John T.
Redmon, W. T.

POST OFFICE.

Mount Heathy, 0.

Lexington.

Paris.

Millersburg.

Cythiana.

Millersburg.

Paris.

Cynthiana.

Portland.

Stanford.

Cynthiana.

Cincinnati.

Lexington.

Levington.

Cincinnati.

Millersburg.

Georgetown.

Kiddville.

Lexington.
Millersburg.
Lexington.
Cynthiana.
Louisville.
, Hamilton, 0.
New Harmony, Ind.
Lexington.

Lexington.
Paris.

Germantown.
Millersburg.
Lain's Station.

Springfield, 0.

Cincinnati.

Paris.

Winchester.

Lexington.

Danville.

Walton.

Flat Rock.

Blue Licks.

Great Crossings.

Lancaster.

Jacksonville.

Cynthiana.

Ruddle's Mills.

Paris.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

NAMES.

Redmon, Solomon,
Rodes, Waller,
Reed, L. G.
Redmon, G. L.
Rogers, W.S.
Rogers, M. H.
Ray, L. G.
Rowe, James,
Richards, A. K.
Skilltnan, C. J.
Scofield, S. B.
Swigert, Philip,
Sharp, John M.
Steele, R. C.
Smith, Isaac, Jr.
Sudduth, T. G.
Spurr, R. J.
Steele, Thomas,
Steele, Theophilus,
Scarce, Samuel,
Smart, H.
Short, Wm.
Sutcliffe, J. N.
Steele, W. J,
Shawhan, Daniel,
Scott & Hedges,
Spalding, Joseph,
Sharp, Sol. L.
Skillman, J. H.
Skinner, W.&G.M
Taylor, W. W.
Thompson, H.
Terry, Joseph,
Todd, Wm.M
Thomas, Morris,
Terrell, J. H.
Talbott, C. P.
Talbott, S. D.
Thurston, B. J.
Talbott, W. G.
Tarlton, L. P.
Towles, J. J.
Talbott, 0. V.
Talbott, Daniel,
Tanner, Wm.
Taylor & Embry,
Taylor, Joseph D.
Talbott, H. H.
Tevebaugh, Jesse,
Tarkington, W. L.
Talbott, P. M.
Vanmeter, J. C.

POST OFFICE.

Paris.
Lexington.

Paris.

Springfield.

Paris.

State of Florida.

Georgetown.

Bryan tsville.

Frankfort.

Bowlinggreen.

Frankfort.

Lexington.
Frankfort.
Versailles.
Versailles.

Dorsey.

Ruddel's Mills
Cincinnati.

Fredericksburg.
Flat Rock.
Moreland's.
Frankfort.
Winchester.

Frankfort.

Shelbyville.

Paducah.

Paris.

Lexington.

Henderson.

Paris.

North Middletown.

Moreland's.

Colerain, 0.

Clintonville.

Millersburg.

Clintonville.

Danville.

Lexington.

NAMES.

Raker, Jacob,

Redmon, Wash.

Rawson &Bedinger

Reese, G. L. & Co.

Railey, Boone,

Radford, Jno. R.

Raymond, Robin-
son & Co.

Reneker, Jacob,

Smith, Enoch R.

Smith, Geo. W.

Seamands, P. J.

Sparks, John W.

Smith, Daniel,

Sudduth, S. G.

Sharrard, Mrs. E. L

Stipp, James,

Shackelford, J. C.
& Co.

Sweeney, T. & Son

Shackelford, T. O.

Smith, Thaddeus,

Spears, Noah,

Smith, Isaac,

Syarr, A. G.

Strode, Mrs. Mary,

Sphon, John,.

Spears, Emily,

Shelby, Thomas,

Taylor, Roberi S.
Talbott, Lunsford,
Thompson, John,
Talbott, James W.
Talbott, Gustavus,
Talbutt, Charles,
Turtory & Evelett,
Thompson, Jas. K.
Todd, James M.
Thompson, H. 0.
Thomas, James S.
Talbott, Daniel S.
Troutman, John,
Talbott,C.D.&S.H.
Talbott, S. D,
Taylor, E. W.
Thorne, John,
Todhunter, P. E.
Todhunter, Jno. L.
Taylor, F.
Thompson, Jas. A.
Vanmeter, B. F.

POST OFFICE.

Winchester.
Paris.

Augusta.

Versailles.

Consolation.

Cincinnati.
Cynthiana.
Centreville.
Lexington.
North Middletown.
Paris.

Winchester.
Winchester.
. Louisville.
Clintonville.

Cincinnati.
, Pittsburg, Pa.
Shelbyville.
Midway.
Georgetown.
Winchester.
Richmond, la.
Winchester.

Paris.
Lexington.

Fishback's P. 0.
North Middletown.
Millersburg.
Paris.

Stedmansville.
Paris.
Cynthiana.
Lexington.
Eminence.
North Middletown.
North Middletown,
Ruddel's Mills.
Moreland's.
North Middletown.
Paris.
Midway.
Lexington.
Lexington.
Lexington.

Lexington.

REPORT OF THE

NAMES.

Vance, Morgan,
Winn, P. B.
Weaver, A. H.
Warfield, Wm.
Warfield, Ben. Jr.
Williams, Geo. W.
Wood, J. H.
Ward, Zeb.
Walker, W. H.
Wheat, Wash.
Westbrook, John,
Ware, James T.
Wakefield, John H.
Wright, Isaac,
Williams, John,
Wilmot, W.H.
Young, Lawrence,

POST OFFICE.

Harrodsburg.

Lexington.
Lexington.
Paris.

Frankfort.

Louisville.

Paris.

Centreville.

Paris.
Cynthiana.
Moreland's.
Louisville.

NAMES.

Veal, Dora,
Wornall.J. R.
Whaley, Lee,
Wright, Wm.
Warfield, Dr. E.
Werts, John H.
Webster, Wyatt,
Williams, D. R.
Wheat, Wm.
Walton, Lucy M.
Warder, Brokaw and

Child,
White, Geo.
Wilson, David,
Watson, Dr. E. H.
Waley, C. W.
Zwick, Madame S.

POST OFFICE.

Athens.
Winchester.
Millerssburg.
Paris.
Lexington.
Lexington.
Lexington.
Covington.
Paris.
Maysville.

Springfield, 0.

Paris.

Cincinnati.

Frankfort.

Lexington.

Cincinnati, 0.

The consideration of the report was resumed, and being amended in some particulars, was
adopted, as follows :

1. The officers of the Society, in addition to those mentioned in the charter, shall be a
Treasurer, a Corresponding Secretary, and a Recording Secretary, all of whom shall be ap-
pointed by the President and Directors, who shall fix their compensation.

2. At all meetings of the members or officers of the Society, the President shall exer-
cise the duties usually belonging to that officer, and in case of the absence of the President, the
senior Vice President present shall take the chair; or in their absence, a President pro tern, may
be elected.

3. It shall be the duty of the Treasurer to receive all funds due to the Society; pay orders
when duly authenticated by the signature of the President, and countersigned by the Secreta-
ry; keep in a proper form, in a book provided for that purpose, a true account of all moneys
received and paid out, and make an exhibit of the financial condition of the Society at the regu-
lar annual meetings, or when required, and should a successor be appointed, it shall be his
duty to hand over to him all moneys, books, and other effects belonging to the Society.

4. The Corresponding Secretary shall carry on the correspondence with the various local
and other Agricultural Associations, and with individuals, in the furtherance of the objects of
the Society, and the officers of the County Societies of the State shall be requested to furnish
such information as to their transactions as may be proper to embody in his report to the
Legislature.

5. The duty of the Recording Secretary shall be to attend all the meetings of the Society,
and to keep a faithful record of its proceedings.

6. All persons desiring to enter stock or other things for premiums, shall become members
of the Society, and all stock or articles exhibited shall be entered by the owner.

7. Where stock is entered for exhibition, the exhibitor shall be required to place in the
hands of the Secretary a statement of the age and pedigree, as far as kuown, under cover of a
sealed envelope; and that the age and class of the animal shall be marked on the outside of the
envelope. The envelope shall not be opened until after the decision of the Judges.

8. The Judges shall be appointed by the President and Directors.

9. The President and Directors shall offer premiums for prize essays on such subjects as
they may think proper.

Adjourned to 3^2 o'clock P. M.

AFTERNOON SESSION

The Convention was called to order by Col. Buckner, the President.

The subject of the establishment of an Agricultural paper was postponed until the 12th day
of April next.

Mr. R. Mallory moved that the Convention now proceed to the election of the officers for the
ensuing year, which, after a long and animated debate, was adopted.

The Convention then adjourned to meet in the Representatives' Hall at 7^ o'clock.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 19

NIGHT SESSION.

Mr. Robert Mallory, (at the request of several friends) moved a reconsideration of the vote
by which it was proposed to go into the election of the officers of the Society.

After an animated debate, in which Mr. Rogers, of Warren, Mr. Hogan, of Grant, Mr. Hus-
ton, of Clarke, Mr. Anderson, of Henderson, Mr. G. Mallory, of Jefferson, Mr. Apperson, of
Montgomery, Mr. Magoffin, of Mercer, Mr. Preston, of Clarke, Mr. Cochran, of Spencer, par-
ticipated, the vote was reconsidered.

Mr. Spurr, of Fayette, offered the following resolution, which was adopted, viz:

Resolved, That the citizens of all the different counties of this State be requested to hold
conventions in their counties, and send up to the Mate Convention as large a dele°aiion as
practicable on the day that may be fixed in the charter.

Mr. Magoffin, of Mercer, offered the following resolutions, which were adopted, viz:

Resolved, That it is of the utmost importance to the people of this State, that the House of
Representatives, now in session, will take up, without delay, the bill that has this day passed
the Senate to organize the State Agricultural Society of Kentucky; and we of this Convention
hereby request our Representatives to use their influence to bring about the result contemplated
in said Senate bill.

Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to correspond with agriculturalists and
others of other States, to elicit information iu regard to the interests of this association.

Committee — Magoffin, P. Swigert, and Scott.

Mr. Preston, of Clarke, offered the following, which was adopted, viz:

Whereas, The objects of this society are the promotion of Agriculture in its most compre-
hensive sense, throughout the length and breadth of the State, and as directly or indirectly
connected therewith the developement of the mineral resources of the State aud the encour-
agement of the mechanical Arts: Therefore,

Resolved, That it is just and right that there should be a due representation in the Board of
all the above interests, to wit: The cattle, horse, mule and jack, tobocco, hemp, mineral, and
mechanical.

Mr. Young, of Jefferson, offered the following, which was adopted, viz:

Whereas, It has been found impossible in practice, to draw together, at agricultural fairs,
such a concourse of visitors as will enable managers, by the exaction of reasonable entrance
fees, to realize such a fund as would enable them in any degree to encourage objects of indus-
try and labor, which are not in themselves showy and attractive, without giving too prominent
a position in every tariff of premiums to certain classes of domestic animals. For remedy
thereof,

Resolved, That a reasonable part of any fund placed by the State at the disposal of the Ken-
tucky State Agricultural Society, shall be so disbursed as to encourage persons to undertake
and carry out useful experiments in agriculture, and to write and publish essays on proper sub-
jects.

Resolved, That any portion of said appropriation which the Board of Directors mav think it
their duty to add to the premium fund received from other sources, shall be so applied as to
extend to the farmer, planter, grazier, manufacturer, and mechanic, a degree of encourage-
ment proportionate to their respective interests, as elements of State prosperity.

On motion —

Resolved, That this Convention do now adjourn, to meet again on the 21st day of May next,
in the city of Frankfort. J. F. BUCKNER, President.

R. W. Scott, P. Swigert, Secretaries.

Among the members of the Legislature, in both branches, it is a pleasure to say, were many
gentlemen whose feelings were warmly enlisted in the formation of the proposed State A«ri-
cultual Society. To them the agricultural and mechanical interest of Kentucky will ever owe
a debt of gratitude for their prolonged and persevering exertions in the passage of the act of
incorporation. But few, if any members, were decidedly opposed to its passage. Some doubt-
ed its policy, and some could not see its utility. An annual appropriation of $10,000, from the
public Treasury, in aid of the objects of the organization, had been requested in a memorial
to the Assembly, and not a few members were willing to vote this amount "off handed," and
talk the matter over with their constituents afterwards. It was considered prudent by a ma-
jority, however, to begin with a smaller figure, and enlarge from session to session as the so-
ciety should develop it3 capability for usefulness and prove to the people of the commonwealth

20 REPORT OF THE

that it was really and earnestly promoting their productive interests, and with these their so-
cial progress. In its wisdom, therefore, the Legislature appropriated $10,000, to be expended
in furthering the purposes of the society within the next two years.

We append the charter, as it was fiually passed and approved by the Governor.

CHARTER.

An act to incorporate the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, and to give encouragement to all the
arts and sciences connected therewith.

Whereas, Great improvement in the arts of agriculture has uniformly followed the estab-
lishment of agricultural societies throughout the various States of the Union: and, whereas,
Kentucky has long felt the want of some institution which shall encourage the arts, and
diffuse information on the various subjects therewith connected throughout every section of
the State: Therefore,

Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Kentucky:

Sec. 1. That an agricultural society is hereby established, to be called the Kentucky State
Agricultural Society; the members and subscribers thereof, and their successors, are hereby
created a body politic and corporate, and by the name and style aforesaid, shall have all the
right and privilege of a natural person in suing and being sued, answering and defending, in
all courts of law and equity.

Sec 2. That Robert W. Scott, of Franklin, Robert Mallory, of Oldham, Robert Aitcheson
Alexander, of Woodford, L. J. Bradford, of Bracken, Dr. S. D. Martin, of Clarke, A. J. An-
derson, of Henderson, G. E. H Gray, of Jefferson, J.L. O'Neill, of Shelby, Win. Bell, of
Daviess, and Dr. Joshua H. Thomas, of Breckinridge, the names of presidents of local socie-
ties to be here added, are hereby constituted commissioners to receive subscriptions and enroll
members.

Sec. 3 That with a view to the organization of said society, the State is hereby divided
into the three following agricultural districts: The first to include all the counties lying north
of the Kentucky river and its JNorth Fork, and in addition thereto the countiesof Estill, Ows-
ley, Breathitt, and Perry; the second to include the counties lying between the Kentucky river
and Green river, up to the mouth of Big Barren, and between the latter and Kentucky river;
the third to include the counties of Henderson, McLean , Butler, Warren, and all the counties
lying to the south and south-west of Green and Big Barren rivers. And said society shall
hold its annual meetings for the exhibition of stock, agricultural implements, manufactures,
&c, and for the awarding of premiums, in each of the said districts in rotation.

Sec. 4. That any one may become a member of this society previous to its organization, by
the payment to the commissioners above named, the sum of three dollars, which shall be the
annual subscription giviug membership, or twenty dollars entitling the subscribers to life-
membership.

Sec 5. That when two hundred members shall be enrolled, the commissioners shall call a
general meeting of the subscribers, to be held in Frankfort on the 21st of May, when and where
they shall proceed to elect a president and three vice presidents — one from each of the agri-
cultural districts above named — and nine directors — three of whom shall be chosen from each
of said districts — and these officers shall serve for one year, or till their successors be chosen.

Sec 6. That the President and Directors may adopt a seal and change it at pleasure, appoint
all agents and officers they may deem proper for their co-operation, fix their remuneration,
and take bond and security forthe faithful discharge of their duties, and shall have the man-
agement of the property, funds, and prudential concerns of said society.

Sec. 7. That the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, and Secretary of State, and also the presi-
dents of all local agricultural societies, shall (ex officio,) be members of this society; and
that any one may become a member after the organization of the society, by paying to the
treasurer the sum of three dollars,, as annual subscription, or twenty dollars, which shall con-
stitute him a life-member of the society; but the President and Directors shall have the pow-
er to strike out from the list of members the name of any person whose eondnct shall, in their
opinion, forfeit this privilege; and the person whose name shall be thus erased shall cease to
belong to this society.

Sec. 8. That each member and his family, shall have free admission to the fair grounds of
the society; and each member shall also have the right to exhibit any stock, produce, imple-
ments, or other articles for which premiums may be offered, and shall be entitled to a copy of
the published proceedings, lists of premiums, prize essays, &c., which shall be printed by the
society, free of cost.

Sec 9. That it shall be the duty of the President and Directors to call a general meeting of
the members of the society, to be held in Frankfort, on the second Wednesday in January,
1857, and each successive year, for the purpose of transacting such business as may be brought
before them, and of electing a president, three vice presidents, and nine directors, who shal[
manage the affairs of the society till the following annual meeting; and they may call a spe.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 21

cial meeting of the members of the society at any time and place they may deem proper, four
weeks previous notice being given by advertising it in one public journal in each district.

Sec. 10. That as soon after their election as may be convenient, and not later than the first
Wednesday in the following June, the President and Directors shall fix on a time and place at
which they will hold the annual exhibition for the purpose of awarding premiums for stock,
agricultural produce, agricultural implements, prize essays, &c, and shall also, before the
first Wednesday in June, make and publish a list of said premiums.

Sec. 11, That for the purpose of enabling the Society to carry out more successfully the ob-
jects and purposes of its organization, it is deemed advisable to make an annual appropriation
out of the State Treasury for two years, and the Auditor is hereby authorized and directed in
this and each successive year after the passage of this act, on the receipt ot the written order of
the Presidentof the society, and countersigned by the Secretary, to issue his warrant on the Treas-
ury of the State, for the sum of five thousand dollars, payable to the Treasurer, and the Treasurer
of the State is hereby authorized and directed to pay the same out of any moneys in said
Treasury not otherwise appropriated, which shall go into the common fund of said Society, to
be expended, togetherwith its other means, as it shall deem proper, in accomplishing the object
of this institution as herein set forth : Provided, That each division of the State shall be en-
titled to its equal proportion of such publications as may be made by this Society lor general
distribution.

Sec 12. That the President and Directors, any five of whom shall form a quorum for the
transaction of business, may, from time to time, make such by laws, rules, and regulations for
their own government, and for the management of the affairs of the Society, as they may deem
expedient, not contrary to the provisions of this charter, or the by laws or regulations which
the members may from time to time prescribe at their annual meetings.

Sec. 13. That it shall be the duty of the President and Directors to make a report of the
proceedings and condition of the Society at each annual meeting of its members held as above
stated, and also a report to the Legislature at its biennial session, setting forth in full the
manner in which its means have been employed, and the state of its finances.

Sec. 14 That in case of the death, resignation, or refusal to act of any officer, the board
of officers shall have power to fill such vacancy, at a meeting only called for that purpose,
who shall act until the next annual election.

Sec. 15. This act shall take effect from its passage.

In the meantime, an Agricultural paper had been started in Louis-
ville, the editor of which made the following sensible remarks :

Such have been the conventions, proceedings and legislation, preliminary to the meeting and
the business of to-day. In pursuance of the recommendation of the Legislature, and accord-
ing to the terms of the adjournment of the meeting of the 21st of February, the members of
the State Agricultural Society, and other friends of Agriculture intending to become such,
will convene at Frankfort this day, for the purpose of accepting the charter, and of completing
the organization by the election of officers, and of other preliminary business.

Although Kentucky is the oldest of the Western and Southwestern States, and although the
greatest of all her interests confessedly rests upon the soil, yet it is notorious that the most im-
portant of the means which in other States have been resorted to as aids to Agriculture, have
been neglected in this, or but partially used. This deficiency, the State Society will endeavor
now to supply, by establishing central machinery through which the agricultural interest may
at all times make itself felt — by inducing county and district societies to become auxiliary to*
it — by establishing a rotary system of General Fairs throughout the Commonwealth, and pre-
senting such premium lists as shall have a tendency to induce universal competition — by offer-
ing prizes for essays on agriculture, in its several departments of fruit growing, field cropping,
stock raising, &,c. — by causing reports to be made and published on the condition of agricul-
ture in the different sections of the State — by collecting and disseminating accounts of experi-
ments made in manures, in peculiar culture, in particular crops — and, perhaps as important as
any other feature, by establishing, or assisting to establish, an efficient Agricultural Journal,
to aid in promoting all these important objects.

The interest and importance of these objects no sensible person can deny; and the best
method of setting them forth, and giving them practical life and value, we have no doubt is by
means of such a State Agricultural Society as that whose organization is this day to be com-
pleted. County and district societies can do the same thing, in a limited way, through their
local machinery, with the funds raised by life and annual memberships; but to interest and
benefit all parts of the Commonwealth, and to enlist every class of our agricultural population

22 REPORT OF THE

in efforts to improve the state of productive industry among us; to lessen the amount of labor,
and increase the sum of its products, improving quality at the same time that quantity is in-
creased, the enlarged machinery of a State Society is requisite, with liberal aid, at least for a
few years, from the public treasury.

Such machinery is now about to be supplied. It is of the highest importance that it be set
properly in motion at the outset. An enlightened constitution is wanted, with a comprehen-
sive and judicious set of by-laws. A good Board of Directors, embracing a President and Sec-
retaries brought up upon the soil, having a practical knowledge of the business of a farm, and
at least a general acquaintance with the operations of Agricultural Associations, is absolutely
necessary. Of the first importance, also, is the appointment of a standing committee, com-
posed of intelligent, thorough going, experienced men, on premium lists; and of by no means
secondary interest, is the constitution of a smallcomrnittee, upon which should be placed no
person who doe3 not combine good scholastic attainments with a practical knowledge of farm-
ing and some acquaintance with agricultural chemistry, to examine and decide upon such ad-
dresses, essays, or other papers of an appropriate nature, as may be presented in competition
for prizes offered by the Society.

In the election of officers, and the appointment of committees, no spirit of centralism, or
eztremicism, should for a moment be permitted to intrude into the Convention which assembles
this day. The State being divided into three general sections, by geographical lines named in
the charter, it would seem to be advisable that the President and Corresponding Secretary
should be taken from the middle district; but with these two exceptions, there should be no
test other than fitness and willingness — in other words, qualifications for the office to be filled,
and a disposition to labor in them, at least for a few years, till all parts of the machinery shall
be in operation, even at the sacrifice of some means and considerable ease.

That the right men for this work exist in Kentucky, in sufficient numbers, there of course
can be no doubt. The only difficulty is to find them, and to enlist their time and energies in this
great public enterprise. That the search after them may not be in vain, and that the State
Agricultural Society may be organized throughout upon a basis of entire liberality and thorough
efficiency, let us hope that each of the three sections named in the charter, if not every county
of the Commonwealth, maybe largely represented in the Convention to day.

This day, we are satisfied, Kentucky will hereafter have cause to be proud of — and hence
we are the more anxious that as many of its Sons of Soil as possible shall meet together and
participate in its work.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, 23

ORGANIZATION OF THE STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Tuesday, the 21st of May, 1856, being the day designated in the act of incorporation for the
organization of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, a large number of gentlemen from
the different parts of the State assembled in the Representatives' Hall at 10 o'clock, A. M.
when his Excellency, Charles S. Morehead, was called to the chair, and Robert W. Scott was
appointed Secretary.

On motion of Mr. Gallagher, of Oldham county, the proceedings of the last meeting were
then read.

On motion of Col. L. J. Bradford, of Bracken county, the charter of the State Agricultural
Society, enacted by the last General Assembly, was accepted and adopted.

Captain R. Hawes, of Bourbon county, offered the following resolutions, which were
adopted, viz:

That to facilitate the election of the officers of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society,

Resolved, That the members of the Society from the three districts, provided for in the char-
ter of incorporation, retire and form three separate conferences for the nomination of officers,
and that the members of such of said districts nominate to the meeting a suitable person for
Vice President and three Directors, residents in such district, and report such nominations to
the meeting.

Resolved, That the members from the three districts also report to the meeting a suitable
person as President of the Society.

Resolved, That the voting forofficers of the Society be by ballot, if the nominations be more
numerous than the offices to be filled.

On motion of C. S. Brent, of Bourbon, the following resolution was adopted, viz :

Resolved, That those persons only who have paid their fee for membership are entitled to
vote at this meeting.

On motion, a recess for half an hour was then taken, for the purpose of enabling the mem-
bers from the different districts to select suitable persons to fill the offices required by the act
of incorporation.

The Convention met again after the recess, when Maj. Geo. W. Williams, from the first dis-
trict, reported that the members from that district recommended —

For President — Brutus J. Clay, of Bourbon.

For Vice President — Robert W. Scott, of Franklin.

For Directors — L. J. Bradford, of Bracken; Lucius Desha, of Harrison; and Harrison Thomp-
son, of Clarke.

Mr. E. D. Hobbs, from the second district, reported that the members from that district re-
commended —

For President— Robert Mallory, of Oldham.

For Vice President— William Bell, of Daviess.

For Directors— J. B. O'Bannon, of Jefferson; J. R. Hughes, of Washington; and Daniel
Jones, of Boyle.

Mr. E. 0. Hawkins, from the third district, reported that the members from that district re-
commended —

For President — Brutus J. Clay, of Bourbon.

For Vice President — L. W. Powell, of Henderson.

For Directors— John M. Sharp, of Warren; Richard A. Bacon, of McCracken; and E.O.
Hawkins, of Logan.

24 REPORT OF THE

The Chair remarked that as there was no opposition to the Vice Presidents and Directors
presented by the several districts, he would take the vote upon their nominations together.
Whereupon, the vote was taken accordingly, and they were declared to be unanimously elected.

Messrs. Brutus J. Clay and Robert Mallory being in nomination for President, the vote was
then taken by ballot, when Mr. Clay having received a majority of the votes cast, was declared
duly elected President for the ensuing year.

The Chair appointed General Peter Dudley and C. S. Brent to conduct the President elect to
the chair, when, in a few appropriate remarks, he returned his thanks for the honor conferred
upon him.

MEETING OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

Immediately after the organization of the Society, the Directors met
for business.

A committee from the Bourbon County Agricultural Society invited
the first Annual Fair of the State Society to be held there, and offered
the use of their grounds and buildings for that purpose, without charge,
save that the members of that Society be allowed to attend the Fair
without the payment of gate fees.

After due deliberation, there appearing to be no better invitation
from any other Society, the invitation of the Bourbon Society was ac-
cepted, and it was ordered that the Fair should commence on the 30th
of September ensuing, and continue five days.

The following officers were duly elected for the ensuing year:
WILLIAM W. MITCHELL, of Paris, Treasurer.
WILLIAM C. LYLE, of Paris, Secretary.
ROBERT W. SCOTT, of Franklin, Corresponding Secretary.

The President was directed to take official bonds of the Treasurer
and Secretary, which was afterwards done by him.

The Corresponding Secretary was directed to subscribe for fifty
copies of the Western Farm Journal, (a weekly Agricultural paper
published in Louisville, which had tendered its columns as the organ
of the Society,) to be offered by the Society in future as premiums.

An Executive Committee was elected, consisting of Messrs. B. J.
Clay, W. C. Lyle, W. W. Mitchell, C. T. Garrard, and Samuel H. Clay,
with full power to make all the necessary arrangements for holding the
first State Fair.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 2 5

LIST OF PREMIUMS FOR THE FIRST STATE FAIR.

After several laborious sessions in the preparation of the Premium
List for the Fair, the Directors adjourned to meet again at the house
of President Clay, on the evening of the 30th of May.

At that meeting, duly organized, the Hon. Charles S. Morehead,
Governor of Kentucky, was chosen to deliver the Annual Address at
the Fair; and the following List of Premiums, names of Judges, and
Rules for the Fair, were made out, and five thousand copies were
published and distributed according to law:

Premiums and Awarding Committees of the first Fair, held by the Kentucky
State Agricultural Society, on the Fair Grounds of the Bourbon County
Agricxdtural Society, near Paris, Ky., beginning on Tuesday, September
30th, 1856, and continued five days.

CLASS A.— CATTLE.

BULLS.

Four years old and upwards, first premium, $30 00

Four years old arjd upwards, second premium, - - - - - - - -25 00

Four years old and upwards, third premium, 20 00

Three years old and under four, first premium, 25 00

Three years old and under four, second premium, 20 00

Three years old and under four, third premium, - - - - - - 15 00

Two years old and under three, first premium, - - - - - - - 20 00

Two years old and under three, second premium, - - - - - 15 00

Two years old and under three, third premium, - - - - - - 10 00

One year old and under two, first premium, - - - - - - - -20 00

One year old and under two, second premium, - 15 00

One year old and under two, third premium, - - - 10 00

Under one year old, first premium, - - - - 15 00

Under one year old, second premium, 10 00

Under one year old, third premium, 5 00

COWS AND HEIFERS.

Four years old and upwards, first premium, 30 00

Four years old and upwards, second premium, 25 00

Four years old and upwards, third premium, - - - - - - - - 20 00

Three years old and under four, first premium, - - - - - - - 25 00

Three years old and uuder four, second premium, - - - - - - - 20 00

Three years old and under four, third premium, 15 00

Two years old and under three, first premium, - - - - - - - - 20 00

Two years old and under three, second premium, - - - - - - - 15 00

Two years old and under three, third premium, - - - - - - 1 00

One year old and under two, first premium, 20 00

One year old and under two, second premium, 15 00

One year old and under two, third premium, 10 00

Under one year old, first premium, 15 00

Under one year old, second premium, - - - - - - . . 10 00

Under one year old, third premium, 5 00

REPORT OF THE

Judges.
R. G. Corwin, Lebanon, Ohio.
L. G. Morris, New York.
Solomon Vanmeter, Fayette county.
Richard Allen, Tennessee.
I. P. Fisher, Boyle county.

Alternates.
Morris Thomas, Shelby county.
Henry Smoot, Mason county.
Wm. Warfield, Favette county.
Thomas Grundy. Washington county.
Isaac Stone, Nelson county.

HERD.

Best Bull and five Cows, over two years old, from any one herd,
Second best Bull and five Cows, over two years old, from any one herd,

$50 00
25 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Bull of any age,
Best Cow of any age,

Judges.
Lewis Sanders, Gallatin county.
Rufus Bryant, Mercer county.
Dr. A. Watts, Chillicothe, Ohio.
Lewis F. Allen, Buffalo, N. Y-
Alex. Waddle, Clarke county, Ohio.

30 00
30 00

Alternates.
Samuel D. Martin, Clarke county.
Charles 8. Brent, Bourbon county.
Harrison Blanton, Franklin county.
Isaac Vanmeter, Fayette county.
William Thompson, Mercer county.

FAT CATTLE.

Fat Bullock, four years old and upwards, - -

Second best fat Bullock, four yeirs old and upwards, - - -

Fat Free Martin or spayed Heifer, four years old and upwards,

Second best fat Free Martin or spayed Heifer, four years old and upwards,

Bullock, Free Martin or spayed Heifer, three years old and under four,

Second best Bullock, Free Martin or spayed Heifer, three years old and under four,

Bullock, Free Martin or spayed Heifer, two years old and under three,

Second best Bullock, Free Martin or spayed Heifer, two years old and under three,

Bullock, Free Martin or spayed Heifer, one year old and under two,

Second best Bullock, Free Martin or spayed Heifer, one year old and under two,

Fat Cow over four years old, -.-.-.-

Second best fat Cow over four years old,

*20 00

10 00

20 00

15 00

WORK OXEN.

Yoke of Oxen for work, four years old and upwards, .....

Second best Yoke of Oxen for work, four years old and upwards,

Yoke of Oxen for work, under four years old, -------

Second best Yoke of Oxen for work, under four years old,

MILCH COWS.

Best Milch Cow, 20 00

Second best Milch Cow, 10 00

Judges. i Alternates.

Josiah Chenault, Madison county. Samuel R. Grundy, Washington county.

Robinson Florence, Fayette county, Ohio. William Garner. Clarke county.

O. C. Willmore, Jessamine county. John Bedford, Bourbon county.

John W. Taylor, East Bloomfield, N. Y. Thomas Lillard, Boyle county.

E. L. Huffman, Jefferson county.- Benedict Kirk, Nelson county.

CLASS B.— SHEEP.

LONG WOOL SHEEP.

Buck over two years old, - $15 00

Second best Buck over two years old, 10 00

Buck under two years old, - - 10 00

Second best Buck under two years old, - - 5 00

Ewe over two years old, 15 00

Second best Ewe over two years old, - - - 10 00

Ewe under two years old, 10 00

Second best Ewe under two years old, 5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

FAT SHEEP.

Five fat Sheep,
Second best five fat Sheep,
Judges.
John Moore, Clarice county.
Josiah A. Ware, Virginia.
Jacob Hite, Jefferson county.

Alternates.
David King, Logan county.
Jacob Hughes, Fayette county.
H. W. Rice, Bourbon county.

MIDDLE WOOL SHEEP.
Buck over two years old, .....

Second best Buck over two years old, ...'.'.
Buck under two years old, ------

Second best Buck under two years old, -'..-■--
Ewe over two years old, -------

Second best Ewe over two years old, -

Ewe under two years old, ------

Second best Ewe under two years old, -.---.'•
Judges.

Alternates.

James Kinnaird, Fayette county.
A. C, Barrow, Ularke county.
P. S. Barbour, Jefferson county.

15 00

10 00

$15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00

John Hornsby, Shelby county.
M. M. Clay, Bourbon county.
Nelson Prewitt, Montgomery county.

SAXON OR MERINO SHEEP.

Buck over two years old, -

Second best Buck over two years old,

Buck under two years old,

Second best Buck under two years old,

Ewe over two years old, -

Second best Ewe over two years old,

Ewe under two years old.

Second best Ewe under two years old,

Judges.
Washington Stone, Bath county.
Will. T. Redman, Harrison county.
Charles D. Bright, Woodford county.

10 00
5 00

10 oo
5 00

Alternates.
Washington Miller, Clarke county.
John Barker, Christian county.
Milton Young, Union county.

CLASS C— HOGS.
BOARS.
Boar over two years old, -------

Second best Boar over two years old, ... -

Boar one year old and under two,

Second best Boar one year old and under two,

Boar six months old and under one year,

Second best Boar six months old and under one year,

SOWS.
Sow over two years old, - - - - - - -

Second best Sow over two years old, -

Sow one year old and under two, - ...

Second best Sow one year old and under two, -

Sow six months old and under one year, -

Second best Sow six months old and under one year,

Pair of Pigs under six months old, -----

Second best pair of Pigs under six months old,

FAT HOGS.

Five fat Hogs,

Second best five fat Hogs, -

Judges.
Thomas Quigley, Jefferson county.
Malcom Miller.Madison county.
Alex. VV. Macklin, Franklin county.
John S. Barlow, Barren county,
Wm. Ford, Edmonson county.

Alternates.
John H. Goff, Clarke county.
Johnson Young, Bath county.
George Drye, Casey county.
O. P. Hogan, Grant county.
Thos. F. Terrill, Ballard county.

5 00

10 00

REPORT OF THE

CLASS D.— HORSES.

THOROUGH BRED HORSES.
Stallion, four years old and upwards, -

Second best Stallion, four years old and upwards, -
Stallion, three years old and under four, -
Second best Stallion, three years old and under four,
Stallion, two years old and under three, - - - - -

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three,

Stallion, one year old and under two, -

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two, -

Stallion, under one year old, ......

Second best btallion, under one year old, ....

Mare,* four years old and upwards, -

Second best Mare, four years old and upwards,

Mare, three years old and under four, -

Second best Mare, three years old and under four, -

Mare, two years old and under three, ....

Secoud best Mare, two years old and under three,

Mare, one year old and under two,

Second best mare, one year old and under two,

Mare, under one year old,

Second best Mare, under one year old,

*Aged Mares not required to be breeders.
Judges.
James K. Duke, Scott county.
John A. Tomlinson, Mercer county.
Ralph Tarlton, Oldham county.
Felix G Murphy, Nelson county.
V. K. Stevenson, Nashville, Tenn.

Alternates.
Charles Merriwether, Todd county.
Willa Viley, Fayette county.
Gibson Mallory, Jefferson county.
Horace Benton, Bourbon county.
Albert G. Bacon, Franklin county.

DRAFT HORSES.

$25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00

Stallion, four years old and upwards, - -

Second best Stallion, four years old and upwards,

Stallion, three years old and under four,

Second best Stallion, three years old and under four,

Stallion, two years old and under three, - -

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three, .... -

Stallion, one year old and under two,

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two,

Stallion, under one year old, ----------

Second best Stallion, under one year old, -

Mare, four years old and upwards, - -

Second best Mare, four years old and upwards, -

Mare, three years old and under four, - - .....

Second best Mare, three years old and under four,

Mare, two years old and under three,

Second best Mare, two years old and under three,

Mare, one year old and under two,

Second best Mare, one year old and under two, ..-..-

Mare, under one year old, .__......

Second best Mare, under one year old,

Judges. Alternates.

A. Blackwell, Clarke county. James C. Calhoon, McCracken county

John Craig, Boyle county. Harvey McElroy, Marion county.

Benj. Osborn, Scott county. Thomas Salter, Garrard county.

Alexander Thomas, Spencer county. James McKee, Woodford county.

John Cunningham, Bourbon county. Thomas Hughes, Fayette county.

FINE HORSES FOR ALL WORK.

Stallion, four years old and upwards, - $

Second best Stallion, four years old and upwards, - -

Stallion, three years old and under four, ---------

Second best Stallion, three years old and under four, ------

Stallion, two years old and under three, ....--..

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three, ------

Stallion, one year old and under two, ---------

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two,

25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00

25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00
5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Stallion, under one year old,

Second best Stallion, under one year old,

Mare, four years old and upwards,

Second best Mare, four years old and upwards,

Mare, three years old and under four, --------

Second best Mare, three years old and under four,

Mare, two years old and under three, --------

Second best Mare, two years old and under three,

Mare, one year old and under two, ---------

Second best Mare, one year old and under two,

Mare, under one year old, - -

Second best Mare, under one year old,

Judges. \ Alternates.

Lawson B. Hickman, Todd county. Milton R. Rodgers, Washington coun

Thomas Dalton, Mason county.
Wm. R. Duncan, Clarke county.
F. P. Kir.caid, Mercer county.
George Crane, Cincinnati, Ohio.

H. W. Faris, Lincoln county.
William Reeves, Ballard county.
Andrew Fulton, Ripley, Ohio.
Alex. P. Churchill, Franklin county.

HARNESS HORSES.

Suliion, four years old aud upwards,

Second best Stallion, four years old and upwards, -----

Stallion, three years old and under four, -------

Second best Stallion, three years old aud under four, -

Stallion, two years old and under three, - - - - - -

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three, ... -

Stallion, one year old and under two,

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two,

Stallion, under one year old, ---------

Second best Stallion, under one year old, -.-...

Mare, four years old and upwards, - -

Second best Mare, (bur years old and upwards, - ...

Mare, three years old and under four, -

Second best Mare, three years old and under four, - - -

Mare, two years old and under three, ....--.

Second best Mare, two years old and under three, -----

Mare, one year old and under two,

Second best Mare, one year old and under two, .-.-.'-
Mare, under one year old, ---------

Second best Mare, under one year old, ...<-..

Gelding, four years old and upwards, -------

Second best Gelding, four years old and upwards, - - - - -

Gelding, three years old and under four, ......

Second best Gelding, three years old and under four, -.-.--

Pair of Match Horses, -

Second best pair of Match Horses, • .-

Pair of Match Mares,

Second best pair of Match Mares, ........

All animals over two years old, will be required to be exhibited in harness.

Judges.
Wm. H. Ladd, Richmond, Ohio.
W. T. Heironymus, Franklin county,
Benj H. Covington, Warren county.
Peter Melendy, Hamilton county, Ohio.
Ed. Crutchfield, Louisville, Ky.

Alternates.
Henry Nicholas, Harrison county.
Austin Dupuy, Henry county.
Wm. Baldwin, Mason county.
A. L. Churchill, Union county.
Hiram Norton, Nicholas county.

SADDLE HORSES
Stallion, four years old and upwards,
Second best Stallion, four years old and upwards,
Stallion, three years old and under four, -
Second best Stallion, three years old and under four,
Stallion, two years old and under three, -
Second best Stallion, two years old and under three,
Stallion, one year old and under two,
Second best Stallion, one year old and under two, -
Stallion, under one year old, - - - - -
Second best Stallion, under one yeara old,
Mare, four years old and upwards, -

10 00

5 00

25 00

15 00

20 00

10 00

15 00

10 00

5 00

10 00

5 00

ty.

25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
30 00
15 00
20 00
10 00

$ 25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
25 00

REPORT OF THE

Second best Mare, four years old and upwards,

Mare, three years old and under four, - - • -

Second best Mare, three years old and under four, -

Mare, two years old and under three, .....

Second best Mare, two years old and under three, -

Mare, one year old and under two, ------

Second best Mare, one year old and under two,

Mare, under one year old, -------

Second best Mare, under one year old, -

Gelding, four years old and upwards.

Second best Gelding, four years old and upwards, -

Gelding, three years old and under four, - - ...... i

Second best Gelding, three years old and under four.

Judges. Alternates

J. T. Bradford, Bracken county.
Roy Cluke, Bourbon county.
John P. Campbell, Christian county.
James Crowdis, Marion county.
John H. Wakefield, Washington county.

$ 15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00

James C. McFerran, Warren county.
John S. Hoskins, Garrard county.
Edmund L. Miles, Nelson county.
Christopher C. Rogers, Bourbon county.
Dr. John Baker, Shelby county.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Stallion of any age,
Mare of any age, -

Judges.
A. M. Rutledge, Hawksville, Tenn.
J. Warren Grigsby, Lincoln county.
David Howell, Montgomery county.
S. T. Drane, Shelby couuty.
Wm. Ragland, Bath county.

Alternates.
W. S. Buford, Woodford county.
Jacob Embry, Fayette county.
Wm. Goddard, Kenton county.
James A. Beasley, Garrard county.
Henry Giltuer, Franklin county.

$25 00
25 00

CLASS E.— MULES.

Horse Mule, three years old and upwards,

Second best Horse Mule, three years old and upwards,

Horse Mule, two years old and under three,

Second best Horse Mule, two years old and under three, -

Horse Mule, one year old and under two,

Second best Horse Mule, one year old and under two,

Horse Mule, under one year old, ..'-'-••..

Second best Horse Mule, under one year old, -

Mare Mule, three years old and upwards,

Second best Mare Mule, three years old and upwards,

Mare Mule, two years and under three, -

Second best Mare Mule, two years old and under three, -

Mare Mule, one year old and under two,

Second best Mare Mule, one year old and under two,

Mare Mule, under one year old, -'....;.'.

Second best Mare Mule, under one year old, -

Five two year old Mules, .... -

Second best five two year old Mules, -

Pair of broke Mules, - -

Second best pair of broke Mules, -

Judges.
Spencer Dunn, Warren county.
Wm. R. Estill, Fayette county.
Ben. B. Groom, Clarke county.
A. J. Anderson, Henderson county.
Wm. L. Sudduth, Bath county.

Alternates.
N. T. Lee, Boyle county.
Dr. G. W. Foreman, Nelson county.
John Moore, Clarke county.
Warren B. Rogers, Bourbon county.
Lewis Castleman, Fayette county.

i 25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00
5 00
25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00
5 00
25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

CLASS F.— ASSES.
JACKS.

Jacks, four years old and upwards,

Second best Jack, four years old and upwards,

Jack, three years old and under four,

Second best Jack, three years old and under four,

Jack, two years old and under three,

Second best Jack, two years old and under three,

Jack, one year old and under two, -

Second best Jack, one year old and under two,

Jack, under one year old, - -

Second best Jack, under one year old,

JENNETS.

Jennet, four years old and upwards,

Second best jennet, four years old and upwards,

Jennet, three years old and under four, -

Second best Jennet, three years old and under four,

Jennet, two years old and under three, -

Second best Jennet, two years old and under three,

Jennet, one year old and under two, - * -

Second best Jennet, one year old and under two,

Jennet, under one year old, - -

Second best Jennet, under one year old,

Judges.
E. L. Davidson, Washington county.
Wilson Jones, Nelson county.
Anthony Kilgore, Mason county.
Harvey McElroy, Marion county.
Richard White, Madison county.

$25

10 00

$•25

5 00

Alternates.
Mark R. Cockerill, Tennessee.
Waller Chenault, Madison county.
Gabriel Salter, Garrard county.
Wm. L. Tarkington, Woodford county.
Logan Railev, Woodford countv.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Jack, of any age,
Jennet, of any age,

Judges.
James S. Hopkins, Boyle county.
Stephen C. Brown, Washington county.
Robert C. Boggs, Fayette county.
B. K. Tully, Logan county.
Chas. Lindsay, Clarke county.

$25 00
25 00

Alternates.
S. P. Kennedy, Jessamine county.
Aquilla Young, Montgomery county.
Martin P. Marshall, Mason county.
Dr. Conn, Simpson county.
Dr. White, Green county.

CLASS G.— POULTRY.

Turkies, pair, $2 00

Ducks, Muscovy, pair, 2 00

Ducks, Poland, pair, 2 00

Ducks, variety, --.-......... 5 00

Geese, pair, - 2 00

Chickens, Shanghai, pair, 2 00

Chickens, Cochin China, pair, 2 00

Chickens, Dorking, pair, 2 00

Chickens, Brahma Pootra, pair, ---------- 2 00

Chickens, Game, pair, 2 00

Chickens, variety all kinds, 5 00

Judges.
Jackson Daniel, of Clarke county-
Philip Swigcit, of Franklin county.
Thomas C. Curry, of Mercer countv.
Robert McConnell, of McCracken county.
John Redman, of Harrison county.

REPORT OF THE

CLASS H.— MECHANICAL.

CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, &c.

Close Carriage, two horse, $15 00

Open Carriage, two horse, 15 00

Open Carriage, one horse, - - - - 10 00

Buggy, 10 00

Set of Harness, double, ....... - - - 10 00

Set of Harness, single, ........... 5 00

Saddle and Bridle, 5 00

Display of Harness for the farm, 5 00

Traveling Trunk, 5 00

Judges.
I. F. Stone, of Louisville, Kentucky.
W. C. Mayes, of Bowlinggreen, Kentucky.
Wm. S. Davidson, Washington county, Kentucky.
James Turnbull, of Clarke county, Kentucky.

Butterfield, of Cincinnati, Ohio.

John Besore, of Lexington, Kentucky.

Samuel B. Thomas, of Elizabethtown, Kentucky.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Portable Steam Engine for farm use, - $20 00

Reaping Machine, 20 00

Mowing Machine, 20 00

Threshing Machine, 20 00

Horse power, 10 00

Portable Saw Mill for farm use, - - - 10 00

Corn Crusher, 10 00

Corn Sheller, 5 00

Wheat Fan, 5 00

Clover Seed Hulling Machine, - ■ 5 00

Straw Cutter, 5 00

Wagon, four horse, ............ 10 00

Wagon, two horse, - - - - - - 5 00

Horse Cart, 5 00

Ox Cart, 5 00

Wheelbarrow, ... - - 2 00

Plow, two horse, for sod, 10 00

Plow, two horse, for stubble, 10 00

Plow, two horse, for sub-soil, 10 00

Plow, one horse, 5 00

Harrow, 5 00

Roller, 5 00

Cultivator, 5 00

Hay Rake, 5 00

Mowing Cradle, 3 00

Wheat Drill, 3 00

Corn Planter, - 3 00

Corn-stalk Cutter, 3 00

Hay or Hemp Press, 5 00

Cattle Scales, - - 5 00

Garden Engine, - - 5 00

Mill lor grinding Flour and Meal for family, 5 00

Portable Cider Press, 5 00

Apparatus for cooking food for stock, 5 00

Pump, - 5 00

Bee Hive, 5 00

Farm Gate, plan, 3 00

Scraper, 2 00

Ox Yoke, - - 2 00

Best and most numerous variety of Agricultural Implements, manufactured in Ken-
tucky, by the exhibitor or under his supervision — material, workmanship, utili-
ty, durability, and price to be considered, - - - - - - - 20 00

Best set of Garden Tools, as above, - - - - 5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 33

Judges.
John Fee, of Bracken county.
Daniel Smith, of Clarke county.
John Eaker, of Graves county.
Robert M. Davis, of Mercer county.
Charles T. Garrard, of Bourbon county.

CABINET, CARPENTER, AND COOPER WORK.

Wardrobe, $5 00

Bedstead, 5 00

Dressing Bureau, 5 00

Sofa, - 5 00

Chairs, half dczen, 5 00

Set of Cottage Furniture, 5 00

Work Table, % 00

Mantel-piece, - ' " - 3 00

Door Pattern, 2 00

Set of Edge Tools, 5 08

Set of Pianes, - - 5 00

RofYjcrerator, 5 00

Meat Safe, - 3 00

Water Cooler, 3 00

Churn, 3 00

Cream Freezer, 2 00

Tight Barrel for liquids or meats, 3 00

Flour Barrel, 2 00

Lard Keg, 2 00

Butter Firkin, g 00

Judges.
N. C. Cook, of Frankfort, Kentucky.
John McMurtry, of Lexington, Kentucky. .
John M. Stokes, of Louisville, Kentucky.
Lewis Debard, of Mountsterling, Kentucky.
Wm. Shumate, of Cynthiana, Kentucky.

SILVER AND OTHER WARE, &c.

Display of Silver Ware, $10 00

Display of Copper Ware, 5 00

Display of Tin Ware, 5 00

Display of Stone Pottery, 5" 00

Display of Stone Cutting, 5 00

Mantel of Kentucky Marble, 10 00

Specimen of Book Printing, 5 00

Display of Book Binding, - 5 00

Display of Printing, Letter, and other papers, - 5 00

Judges.
Richard Hawes, of Bourbon county.
Lynn Boyd, of McCracken county.
J. R. Underwood, of Warren county.
L. W. Andrews, of Fleming county.
A. J. James, of Pulaski county.

IRON AND IRON CASTINGS.

Bar Iron, •- - - $5 00

Hoop Iron, 5 00'

Rod Iron, 5 00

Keg of Nails, 3 00

Specimen of Hollow Ware, 3 00

Solid Casting, 3 00

Fancy Casting, 3 00

Cooking Range or Stove, - - 5 00

Parlor Stove, 3 00

Grate, . . 3 00

REPORT OF THE

Judges.

Josiah Jackson, of Clarke county.
D. K. Weis, of Ashland, Kentucky.
Frank McClelland, of Paducah, Kentucky.
A. L. Greer, of Covington, Kentucky.
J. S. Lithgow, of Louisville, Kentucky.

GUNS, &c.

$5 00

Rifle, '""'"" 5 00

Double-barrel Shot Gun, 5 00

Fishing 'I ackle,

Judges.
Thomas Barlow, of Lexington, Kentucky.
Benjamin Mills, of Harrodsburg, Kentucky.
Blanton Duncan, of Louisville, Kentucky.

HATS, CAPS, &c.

$3 00

Silk Hat, 3 00

Fur Hat, ' ... 1 00

Wool Hat, 1 00

Straw or Chip Hat, ... 1 00

Cloth Cap, --- - .... 2 00

Fur Cap, - "...--- 3 00

Fancy Hat,

Judges.

Win. Taylor, of Hickman, Kentucky.

Richard Young, of Lexington, Kentucky.

Wm. M. Todd, of Frankfort, Kentucky.

Samuel Barclay, of Bowlinggreen, Kentucky.

F. S. Barber, of Louisville, Kentucky.

Wm. Dodd, of Cincinnati, Ohio.

LEATHER, BOOTS, AND SHOES.

, T . .... $2 00

Side of Soal Leather, . . 2 00

Side of Upper Leather, ' " 2 00

Side of Harness Leather, - . 2 00

Side of Skirting Leather, " 2 00

Half dozen Calf Skins, " 2

Half dozen Dog Skins, - ! . 2 00

Half dozen Hog Skins, . . - - * . . 2 00

Half dozen Sheep Skins, _ _ 2 00

Shoes made by a lady, ... " ! . . 3 00

Men's Boots, " . . 2 00

Ladies' Boots, - .... 3 00

Coarse Boots, - - ] ... 2 00

Men's Shoes, ] ... 1 00

Child's Shoes, " . . - j 00

Coarse Shoes, - •

Judges. — Same as above.

CLASS I.— DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

OF WOOL.

, ^ a .... $5 00

Fine Jeans, 10 yards, home-made, ... . . 5 00

Fine Jeans, 10 yards, factory-made, 3 00

Negro Jeans, 10 yards, home made, ... - -390

Negro Jeans, 10 yards, factory-made, - - - ! . 5 00

Fulled Cloth, 10 yards, - - ' . 3 00

White Linsey, 10 yards, home-made, - . 3 00

Colored Linsey, 10 yards, home made, ' 3 qq

Plaid Linsey, 10 yards, home-made, ... -300

Plaid Linsey, 10 yards, factory-made,

3 00

5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 35

Flannel, 10 yards, factory made,

Flannel, 10 yards, home made,

Pair of Blankets, home made,

Pair of Blankets, factory made, -

Bed Spread or Coverlet, -

Carpet, not less than 10 yards, home-made,

Rag Carpet, not less than 10 yards, home-made, .......

Hearth-rug, home made,

Woolen Shawl, ---. --

Woolen Hose, --

Woolen Half Hose,

Woolen Gloves or Mits,

Judges.

A. W. Dudley, of Franklin county.
George M. Proctor, of Barreu county.
Jeremiah South, of Breathitt county-
Peter D. Jeffries, of Christian county.
Samuel Messick, of Boyle county.

OF COTTON.

Twilled Cotton Cloth, mixed, 10 yards, $3 00

Twilled Cotton Cloth, striped, 10 yards, "... 3 fjO

Twilled Cotton Cloth, white, 10 yards, 3 00

Plain Cotton Cloth, mixed, 10 yards, 3 00

Plain Cotton Cloth, striped, 10 yards, 3 00

Plain Cotton Cloth, white, 10 yards, -.-.'. 3 00

Diaper, 3 00

White Counterpane, 3 00

Cotton Hose, 1 00

Cotton Half- Hose, 1 00

Cotton Gloves, 1 00

Judges.

Sanford Allen, of Bath county.

Volney S. Stevenson, of Nashville, Tennessee.

A. S. Robinson, of Hasrodsburg, Kentucky.

A. W. Long, of Russellville, Kentucky.

James Trabue, of Louisville, Kentucky.

OF SILK.

Sewing Silk, three ounces, home made, $3 00

Handkerchief, 2 00

Vesting or Dress Goods, 5 00

Hose, home made, 2 00

Glove3 or Mits, - 1 00

Judges. — Same as above.

OF HEMP AND FLAX.

Linen Diaper, 10 yards, home made, - - $5 00

Flax Linen, 10 yards, home-made, - - 3 00

Hemp Linen, 10 yards, home made, 3 00

Tow Linen, 10 yards, home made, .... .... 2 00

Sewing Thread, 1 pound, home-made, bleached, 2 00

Sewing Thread, 1 pound, home-made, unbleached, 2 00

Hemp Bagging, 50 yards, 5 00

Hemp Rope, \i stran, 50 pounds, ---. 5 00

Hemp Rope, 6 stran, 50 pounds, 3 00

Bailing twiue, 50 pounds, 2 00

Judges,

Newton Craig, of Scott county, Kentucky.

James Todd, of Louisville, Kentucky-

Wm. J. Clarke, of Estill county, Kentucky.

Wm. Bell, of LogaD county, Kentucky.

Thomaa Matthews, of Maysville, Kentucky.

Thomas Barbee, of Boyle county, Kentucky.

36 REPORT OF THE

NEEDLE WORK, &c.

Silk Patch work Quilt, $25 00

Silk Comfort, 5 00

Worsted Patch-work Quilt, 20 00

Worsted Comfort, - - 5 00

Calico Quilt, patch work, - - - . - 15 00

White Quilt, solid work, - 10 00

Calico Comfort, - 5 00

Knit Counterpane, -------- 5 00

Suit of Clothes made by a Tailor, - - 5 00

Jeans Coat made by a Lady, ... ....... 3 00

Vest made by a Lady, - 2 00

Linen Shirt, unstarched, made by a Lady, 3 00

Cotton Shirt, unstarched, made by a Lady, -------- 3 00

Fancy Bonnet, ... 3 00

Silk Embroidery, best specimen, ---------- 5 00

Worsted Embroidery, best specimen, - 5 00

Thread Embroidery, best specimen, - - - - 5 00

Cotton English Work, best specimen, --------- 3 00

Hemstitched Garment or Handkerchief, ....... . 2 00

Knit Chair Tidy, - - ......... 2 00

Ornamental Shell work, best specimen, ■ - ....'.. 3 00

Ornamental Wax-work, best specimen, - - - - - - - - 3 00

Ornamental Hair work, best specimen, --------- 5 00

Leather work, best specimen, .... ...... 3 00

Sewing Machine, 5 00

Judges.
Miss Mary Humphreys, of Woodford county.
Miss Margaret Booker, of Washington county.
Miss Mary Mason, of Bath county.
Miss Martha Clay, of Bourbon county.
Miss Pattie Burnley, of Frankfort, Kentucky.
Euclid M. Covington, of Warren county.
John Whelan, of Boyle county.
S. H. Bullen, of Louisville, Kentucky.
Richard A. Buckner, of Lexington, Kentucky.
R. A. Alexander, of Woodford county.

TOBACCO, SALT, &c.

Box of manufactured Tobacco, $5 00

Box of Cigars, 5 00

Barrel of Salt,' ... - 3 00

Box of Table Salt, 2 00

Candles, tallow, twenty pounds, 2 00

Candles, star, twenty pounds, - - - - - - - - - - 2 00

Soap, ten pounds, home made, ---------- 2 00

Starch, five pounds, home made, - - - - - ~ ~ " " ■ 2 00

Judges.
Benj. Gratz, of Lexington, Kentucky.
James H. Garrard, of Boyle county.
John G. Holloway, of Henderson county.
James R. Alexander, of McCracken county.
T. Blancagniel, of Louisville, Kentucky.

CLASS J.— FINE ARTS, &c.

PAINTINGS, .fee.

Best specimen Animal Painting, in oil, $5 00

Best specimen Animal Painting, in water colors, ------- 5 00

Best specimen Landscape, in oil, --.. 5 00

Best specimen Landscape, in water colors, 5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 37

Best specimen Cattle Drawing, 5 00

Best specimen Fruit Painting, - - 5 00

Best specimen Flower Painting, 5 00

Best specimen Fancy Painting, 5 00

Best specimen Grecian Painting, 5 00

Best specimen Monochromatic Painting, - 5 00

Best specimen Polychromatic Painting, 5 00

Best specimen Crayon Drawing, 5 00

Best specimen India Ink Drawing, .... .... 3 00

Best specimen Pencil Drawing, - 3 00

Display of Daguerreotypes, - 5 00

Display of Ambrotypes, - 5 00

Display of Photographs, 5 00

Best specimen of Sculpture, - 20 00

Second best specimen of Sculpture, - - - - - - - 10 00

Drawing of the Bourbon Fair Grounds, to be engraved and published in the Annual

Report, 5 00

Judges.
J. J. Towles, Henderson, Kentucky.
Wm. Wiswell, Cynthiana, Kentucky.
Wm. E. Hegan, Louisville, Kentucky.
Dr. Graham, Danville, Kentucky.
Solomon L. Sharp, Washington county.

DESIGNS.

Design of a Country Residence, not to cost over $2,000, - - - - - $10 00

Design of a Country Residence, not to cost over $1,000, - - - - - 10 00

Design of buildings, &c. for a County Agricultural Society, not to cost over $8,000, 10 00

Design of Barn, - *...,. 5 00

Design of Carriage House and Stable, - - - - - - - - - 5 00

Design of Dairy House, 5 00

Design of Poultry House, 5 00

Design of Smoke House, - 5 00

Design of Ice House, ----------- 5 00

Design of Dry House, 5 00

Designs must be accompanied with estimates of cost and specifications. Those to which
premiums may be awarded will be engraved and published in the Annual Report. To be ex-
hibited at the State Fair and to be passed upon by the State Board of Agriculture.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

Piano, $10 00

Judges.
H. J. Peters, Louisville, Kentucky.
R. J. Rosington, Hopkiusville, Kentucky.
A. C. Ward, Winchester, Kentucky.
Wm. Preston, Lousville, Kentucky.
D. D. Richardson, Lexington, Kentucky.

CLA.SS K.— PRODUCTS OF THE SOIL.
GRAINS, &c.

Bushel of Wheat, -
Bushel of Oats,
Bushel of Rye,
Bushel of Barley, -
Bushel of Buckwheat,
Fifty ears of Corn, for bread,
Fifty ears of Corn, for stock,
Bushel of Clover Seed, -
Bushel of Hemp Seed,
Bushel of Timothy Seed,

2 00

38 REPORT OF THE

Bushel of Blue Grass Seed, 2 00

Largest Pumpkin, 100

Judges.
Alfred Preston, of Clarke county.
Wra. Orr, of Bracken county.
A. C. Wilson, of Nelson county.
James Bascom, of Washington county.
A. H. Bowman, of Mercer county.

HEMP AND FLAX.

Hemp, water rotted, 100 pounds, $ 10 00

Hemp, dew-rotted, 100 pounds, .... - 5 00

Flax, 20 pounds, 5 00

The hemp and flax to be inspected at Lexington on the first Tuesday in May, 1857.

Judges.
C. J. Sanders, Hemp Agent, of Lexington, Ky.
Silas Evans, of Fayette couuty.
Robert S. Taylor, of Clarke county.
James Shouse, of Woodford county.
John R. Jones, of Nelson county.

TOBACCO.

Leaf, sample, one hogshead, by producer, - $ 25 00

Leaf, shipping, one hogshead, by producer, 25 00

Leaf, manufacturing, one hogshead, by producer, - - - - - - - 25 00

Leaf, cigar, one hogshead, by producer, 25 00

Tobacco to be exhibited in Louisville on the first Tuesday in May, 1857.

Judges.

Harrison Bridges, of Louisville, Kentucky.
Frank Ronald, of Louisville, Kentucky.
Birch Musselman, of Louisville, Kentucky.
A. B. Barrett, of Henderson Kentucky.
Thomas Quigley, of Louisville, Kentucky.

GARDEN.

Irish Potatoes, one bushel, - - $2 00

Irish Potatoes, display of varieties, 3 00

Sweet Potatoes, one bushel, 2 00

Sweet Potatoes, display of varieties, 3 00

Cabbage, six heads, .....-.--.-- 1 00

Tomatoes, one peck, 1 00

Celery, six bunches, 1 00

Turnips, for table, one peck, --.-..----- 1 00

Parsnips, one peck, - 1 00

Salsify, one peck, ------------- 1 00

Onions; one peck, ------------- 100

Carrots, one peck, ------------- 100

Beets, for table, one peck, 1 00

Beets, for stock, one bushel, ----- 1 00

Lima Beans, half peck, - - 1 00

Bunch Beans, half peck, 1 00

Pepper, half peck, 1 00

Water Melons, half dozen, 2 00

Mu3k Melons, half dozen, .... 2 00

Squashes, half dozen, 1 00

Judges.

Dr. John Jackson, of Washington county.
P. S. Bush, of Covington, Kentucky.
Silas Massie, of Jacksonville, Illinois.
Fielding Bush, of Clarke county.
Edward Hughes, of Boyle county.
Samuel H. Clay, of Bourbon county.

ORCHARD.

Display of Fall Apples, $ 2 00

Display of Winter Apples, - 2 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Display of greatest variety, - - - 5 00

Best Apple, 1 00

Largest Apple, 1 00

Display of Cling Peaches, 2 00

Display of Free Peaches, 2 00

Display of greatest variety, - 5 00

Best Peach, - 1 00

Plums, one dozen, - 1 00

Plums, greatest variety, 2 00

Quinces, one dozen, 2 00

Display of Fall Pears, 2 00

Display of Winter Pears, 2 00

Display of greatest variety, 3 00

Best Pear, - - 1 00

Grapes, Catawba, basket, 2 00

Grapes, Isabella, basket, 2 00

Grapes, display of greatest variety, - - 2 00

Grapes, display of greatest variety under glass, 2 00

Monthly Raspberries, one quart, - 1 00

Judges.

Lawrence Young, of Jefferson county.

M. C. Johnson, of Lexington, Kentucky.

A. C. Keenon, of Franklin county.

A. V. Bedford, of Bourbon county.

S. P. Opdyke, of Springfield, Illinois.

FLOWERS.

Display of Green House Flowers, in pots, &c, $ 10 00

Roses, 24 best varieties, ----------- 5 00

Dahlias, 12 dissimilar blossoms, 2 00

Dahlias, greatest variety, »...'. 2 00

Phloxes, 6 varieties, - 2 00

Verbenas, 6 varieties, - 2 00

Verbenas, greatest variety, 2 00

Cut Flowers, greatest variety, 2 00

Hand Boquet of Hardy Flowers, two specimens, ------- 2 00

Hand Boquet of Green House Flowers, two specimens, ------ 2 00

Floral design of living Flowers, - - 3 00

Judges.

Mrs. Hamilton Pope, of Louisville, Kentucky.
Mrs. Jane Page, of Frankfort, Kentucky.
Mrs. Wm. R. Estill, of Fayette county.
Mrs. Annie Davidson, of Washington county.
Mrs. Nannie Dunlap, of Garrard county.

J. A. Warder, of Cincinnati, Ohio.

E. P. Humphrey, of Danville, Kentucky.

H. T. Duncan, of Fayette county.

A. H. Ernst, of Cincinnati, Ohio.

Edw. Wilson, of Louisville, Kentucky.

CLASS L.— FAMILY PRODUCTS.

DAIRY, &c.

Butter, 5 pounds, $

Cheese, 10 pounds, ore year old, ----------

Cheese, 10 pounds, under one year old, ---------

Honey, 5 pounds, -------------

Maple Sugar, 10 pounds,

Preserves, three kinds, -----------

Pickles, three kinds, -

Jellies, three kinds, - - -

Preserved Fruit, in cans,

Judges.

Charles Marshall, of Fleming county.

Isaac Everett, of Louisville, Kentucky.

Samuel Corn, of Clarke county.

John B. Raine, of Bourbon county.

REPORT OF THE

PANTRY, &c.

Pound Cake, $ 2 00

White Cake, 2 00

Fruit Cake, 2 00

Sponge Cake, 2 00

Confectionery, assorted, ------------ 2 00

Loaf of Wheat Bread, ------ 2 00

Loaf of Corn Bread, 2 00

Two Hams, (one of them boiled or baked,) 3 00

Dried Beef, 2 00

Lard, 10 pounds, 2 00

Kentucky Wines 6 bottle3, 6 00

Cider, 6 bottles, 3 00

Barrel of Flour, 3 00

Bairel of Meal, 2 00

Judges.

Charles S. Morehead. of Frankfort, Kentucky.

Joseph A. Wright, of Indiana.

N. Longworth, of Cincinnati, Ohio.

Wm. C. Anderson, of Boyle county.

Robert Buchanan, of Cincinnati, Ohio.

CLASS M.— AGRICULTURAL LITERATURE.

ESSAYS.

On breeding stock of any kind, $ 20 00

Second best on breeding stock of any kind, -------- 10 00

On feeding stock of any kind, - - - 20 00

Second best on feeding stock of any kind, 10 00

Judges.

William P. Hume, of Bourbon county.

James Sudduth, of Bath county.

Ch. H. Rochester, of Boyle county.

Dr. John Fleming, of Fleming county.

Thomas B. Stevenson, of Mason county.

On crop9 or staples of any kind, 20 00

Second best on crops or staples of any kind, - 10 00

On the cultivation of crops or staples of any kind, 20 00

Second best on the cultivation of crops or staples of any kind, - - - - 10 00

Judges.
Dr. Albert Covington, of Warren county.
Albert S. Taylor, of Clarke county.
Jacob Hughes, of Fayette county.
Isaac Clarke, of McCracken county.
Alex. Julian, of Franklin county.

On Soils, Coal, Salt, Iron, and Stone, each, 20 00

Second best on Soils, Coal, Salt, Iron, and Stone, each, - - - - 10 00

Judges.

John B. Huston, of Clarke county.

John G. Holloway, of Henderson county.

John D. Morris, of Christian county.

Wm. Montgomery, of Lincoln county.

John P. Bruce, of Pulaski county.

On the cultivation of Fruits and Fruit Trees in Kentucky, - - - - - 20 00
Second best on the cultivation of Fruit and Fruit Trees in Kentucky, - - - 10 00

Judges.

A. M. Brown, of Paris, Kentucky.
F. Jones, of Clarke county.
II. P. Byram, of Louisville, Kentucky.
A. V. Bedford, of Bourbon county.
J. F. Robinson, of Scott county.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 41

On the use and assistance of Mechanics to Agriculture, 20 00

Second best on the use and assistance of Mechanics to Agriculture, 10 00

On the use and asisstance of Mechanics to Commerce, - - - - - - 20 00

Second best on the use and assistance of Mechanics to Commerce, - - - • 10 00

Judges.

Edward Oldham, of Fayette county.

Edgar Needham, of Louisville, Kentucky.

Joseph Brown, of Nelson county.

Daniel Yeiser, of Boyle county.

John Neet, of Woodford county.

©n Agriculture, as connected with Common Schools, 20 00

Second best on Agriculture, as connected with Common Schools, - - - - 10 00

On Agriculture, as connected with Collegiate Education, 20 00

Second best on Agriculture, as connected with Collegiate Education, - - - 10 00

Judges.

R. J. Breckinridge, of Danville, Kentucky.

R. T. Dillard, of Fayette county.

P. S. Fall, of Frankfort, Kentucky.

D. C. Proctor, of Franklin county.

Prof. Dodd, of Lexington, Kentucky.
The essays to be placed in the hands of the Recording Secretary on or before the first day
of the State Fair.

Soils,

Salt Waters,

Potters' Clays,

Fire Clays,

Bur Stones,

Gypsum.

NATURAL MATERIAL.

Best suit of useful Minerals of Kentucky, including —

Coals,

Iron Ores,

Limestones,

Marbles,

Sandstones,

Marls,

Peats,

Best suit of Crystaiized Minerals of Kentucky.
Best suit of Fossils of Kentucky.

Best suit of the Vegetable Kingdom, including the woods and most useful plants of Kentucky.
Best suit of the Animal Kingdom, including insects and animals, injurious to the farmer.

Such awards as the Board may deem best, will be made on the recommendation of the Judges.
Those to which premiums may be awarded, will be deposited in the rooms of the State Board
in the Executive Office, at Frankfort.

Judges.

David D. Owen, of Indiana.

Robert Peter, of Lexington, Kentucky.

Ashbel Welsh, of New Jersey.

Joseph G. Norwood, of Illinois.

James M. Safford, of Lebanon, Tennessee.

42 REPORT OF THE

ORDER OF EXHIBITION.

First Day — Cattle, Sheep and Hogs.
Second Day— Blood and Draft Horses.
Third Day — Fine Horses and Mules.
Fourth Day — Harness Horses and Poultry.
Fifth Day — Saddle Horses, Sweepstakes, and Asses.
All stock must be entered by half past 8 o'clock of the day of exhibition.
Each day's exhibition will commence precisely at 9 o'clock — the stock to be brought into the
amphitheatre in the order of the premium list.

The awards of the Judges will be announced as soon as the decision is made.
All animals, to which premiums shall be awarded, will be required to remain on the grounds
until the close of the Fair, except withdrawn by permission of the President.

All articles must be entered during the first day, and placed in the appropriate halls for ex-
hibition, to remain in charge of the Superintendents until the close of the Fair.
The halls will be open, after the first day, for the admission of visitors.
Premiums will be paid on the last day.

The Annual Address will be delivered at 12 o'clock, on the second day, by the Hon. Charles
S. Morehead, Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky.

REGULATIONS, Ac.

1. Each member and his family shall have free admission to the Fair grounds, the right to
exhibit stock or other articles, for which premiums may be offered, and shall be entitled to re-
ceive a copy of published proceedings, lists of premiums, prize essays, &,c, which may be
printed by the Society, free of cost.

2. Persons desiring to become members, must do so ten days before the Fair.

3. Any person, not a member, may compete for premiums on the payment of three dollars,
which will also entitle him and his family to admission to the grounds.

4. Books for the entry of stock and articles, will be open one month before the Fair; and
exhibitors are earnestly requested to make all their entries, if in their power, before the com-
mencement of the Fair.

5. All stock and articles must be entered by the owner.

6. Exhibitors will be particular to enter their stock in the proper class.

7. The halls, for the reception of articles, will be open the day before the Fair.

8. All articles must be entered and labelled before received by the Superintendent of the
halls.

9. Judges of stock are requested to report themselves at the business office, on the grounds,
by half past 8 o'clock of the day on which they are to act in that capacity. Judges of articles
are requested to report themselves during the first day of the Fair.

10. All Judges or Alternates will be entitled to receive a ticket of admission to the grounds.

11. No person who is an exhibitor can act as judge in the class in which be exhibits.

12. When the Judges of stock have agreed upon their award, in each class, they will report
to the Marshals, who shall proclaim the names of the persons entitled to premiums, and fur-
nish the names to the Secretary, in person.

13. The Judges of articles will be required to furnish the Secretary a list of their awards.
14! The President, Vice Presidents, or one of the Directors, shall attend each Awarding

Committee, in viewing the different classes of stock and articles.

15. No person, other than the Judges, will be permitted to go into the ring where stock is
exhibiting, except the officers of the Society and the Marshals.

16. The gate of the Amphitheatre will be closed in ten minutes after the call by the Mar-
shal for each class of stock.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 43

17. No stock will be permitted to enter the ring unless under halter, and in care of a groom.

18. Exhibitors will place in the hands of the groom a card, containing the age of all ani-
mals under four years old.

19. Exhibitors of blood horses will be required to deposit with the Secretary an authentic
pedigree of each animal, during the first day of the Fair.

20. No animal will be permitted to enter but one class, except in the herd and sweepstakes.

21. No person will be permitted to enter the ring to show his own stock, and in violation of
the rule, will forfeit the premium.

22. If any person shall make known to the Judges his ownership of stock, or the pedigree
thereof, he shall not be entitled to a premium on said stock.

23. The premiums, except for the products of the farm and garden, are opento the world.

24. No Stallion, Mare, Bull, Cow, Jack, or Jennet, four years old, shall be permitted to
compete for a premium, unless it has proven itself a breeder.

25. No premium will be awarded to any animal or article, where there is no competition,
unless the Judges shall deem such worthy of it.

26. The owner of every animal, to which a premium shall be awarded, will be required to
deliver to the Secretary, in writing, its name, age and pedigree, as far as known, before the
delivery of the premium.

27. Discretionary premiums will be awarded, upon the recommendation of Judges, by the
Board.

28. Premiums will be paid in silver plate or coin.

29. Provender for stock will be furnished on the grounds, to exhibitors, at actual cost-

PRICE OF ADMISSION.

Offices will be open on the Railroad and Turnpike for the sale of tickets.

No money received at the gates.

The charges for admission to the grounds as follows :

Each person on foot, - $25

Each person on horse, 35

Buggies, 75

Carriages, 1 00

Omnibus, per day, 5 00

Hack, per day, : 3 00

The owner of each Omnibus or Hack will be required to pay twenty-five cents for each
passenger carried into the grounds.

The members of the Bourbon County Agricultural Society will be admitted, on presentation
of the tickets of that Society.

44 REPORT OF THE

AWARDS AT THE FAIR.

The first Fair of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society was held
at the time and place, and in the manner agreed on. The officers
were almost all in attendance; the appropriate buildings and improve-
ments had all been completed ; a large concourse of persons from al-
most all parts of Kentucky, and also from many of our sister States,
were daily in attendance, notwithstanding some inclement weather ;
order and decorum were uniformly observed ; a great number and va-
riety of animals, articles, implements, &c, &c, were on exhibition;
the Annual Address was delivered by Gov. Morehead, and the follow-
ing awards of Premiums were made and reported by the respective
awarding committees: '

CLASS A.— CATTLE.

BULLS.

No. Entries, and Articles Entered. Names, Residence, and Premiums.

3 — Locomotive, 4 years old and upwards, - Brutus J. Clay, Bourbon county, - 1st prem.

D'Otley, Jeremiah Duncan, Bourbon county, - 2d prem.

Ben Bolt, .--... Charles S. Brent, Bourbon county, - 3d prem.

8 — El Hakim, 3 years and under 4, - - R. A. Alexander, Woodford county, 1st prem.

Sirius, R. A. Alexander, Woodford county, 2d prem.

Lord Eglinton, - - David Wilson, Hamilton, co. Ohio, - 3d prem.

8 — Townley, 2 years and under 3, - J. T. McClelland, Fayette county, - 1st prem.

Francisco, Thomas Hughes, Fayette county, - 2d prem.

Percy, by Orontes, dam Phillis, - - J. R. Campbell, Nicholas county, - 3d prem.
17 — Royal Duke, one year and under two, - James B. Clay, Fayette county, - 1st prem.

Djalma, Charles T. Garrard, Bourbon county, 2d prem.

By Senator out of Duchess Sutherland, - Edwin G. Bedford, Bourbon county, 3d prem.
23 — Enterprise, under one year, - - - Charles T. Garrard, Bourbon county, 1st prem.

May Duke, Abram Renick, Bourbon county, - 2d prem.

Red Comet, George M. Bedford, Bourbon county, 3d prem.

COWS AND HEIFERS.

21— Vellum, Cows 4 years old and upwards, - R. A. Alexander, Woodford county, 1st prem.

Duchess of Athol, Same, do. - 2d prem.

Mazurka, Same, do. - 3d prem.

9 — Mary Magdalene, Cows 3 yrs, and under 4, Benj. Warfield, Jr., Fayette county, 1st prem.

Louan 2d, --.... Jeremiah Duncan, Bourbon county, 2d prem.

Canny, - - - - - - - R. A. Alexander, Woodford county, 3d prem.

7 — Princess Royal, Cows 2 yrs. and under 3, Elisha Warfield, Fayette county, - 1st prem.

Lady Valentine, R. A. Alexander, Woodford county, 2d prem.

Butterfly, Brutus J. Clay, Woodford county, 3d prem.

18 — 2d Duchess Airdrie, Cows 1 yr. & under 2, R. A. Alexander, Woodford county, 1st prem.

Ivanora, ...... George M. Bedford, Bourbon county, 2d prem.

Alice Renick, Charles T. Garrard, Bourbon county, 3d prem.

23 — Mazurka 3d, Heifer Calves, - - R. A. Alexander, Woodford county, 1st prem.

Mazurka 4th, - - - - - - Same, do. - 2d prem.

Elfleda, Charles T. Garrard, Bourbon county, 3d prem.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

HERD.

No. Entries, and Articles Entered.
4 — Bull, El Hakim; Cows, Vellum, Duchess,
of Atbol, Mazurka, Forget- Me Not, and
Lady Valentine, ...

Bull, Locomotive; Cows, Butterfly, Daisy,
Pearl, Diana, and Red Rose,

Names, Residence, and Premiums.

R. A. Alexander, Woodford county, 1st prem,
Brutus J. Clay. Bourbon county, 2d prem,

SWEEPSTAKES.

13 — El Hakim, best Bull of any age,
30 — Vellum, best Cow of any age,

R. A. Alexander, Woodford county,
Same, do.

FAT CATTLE.

5 — Bullock, four years old and upwards,

do. do. do.

4 — F. M. or Spayed Heifer, 4 yrs. and upward,

do. do. do -

4 — F. M. or Spayed Heifer, 3 yrs. and under 4,

do. do. do -

2— F. M. or Spayed Heifer, 2 yrs. and under 3,

do. do. do. -

4 — F. M. or Spayed Heifer, 1 yr. and under 2,
2 — Fat Cow, 4 years old and upwards, -

do. do. do. -

9— Work Oxen, 4 years old and upwards,

do. do. do. -

5 — Under four years old, -

do. do.

Milch Cow,

Second best, ------

Isaac Shelby, Fayette county, -
Jeremiah Duncan, Bourbon county, -
Isaac Shelby, Fayette county, -
Charles T. Garrard, Bourbon county,
Brutus J. Clay, Bourbon county,
Charles T. Garrard, Bourbon county,
Wm. R. Estell, Fayette county,
Lewis Cascleman, Fayette county, -
Wm. R. Estell, Fayette county,
Brutus J. Clay, Bourbon county,
James Price, Clarke county,
Albert Alien, Fayette county, -
James R. Wornall, Clarke countv, -
Joseph Graves, Fayette county,
J. W. Ware, Fayette county, -
Charles T. Garrard, Bourbon county,
E. P. Turner, Fayette county, -

prem.
prem.

1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.

CLASS B.— SHEEP.

LONG WOOL SHEEP.

8 — Bucks over two years old,

do. do.

8 — Bucks under two year3 old,

do. do.

10 — Ewe over two years old, -

do. do.

4 — Ewe under two years old,

do. do.

9— Five Fat Sheep,

do. do.

4 — Buck over two years old,

do. do.

3 — Buck under two years old,
9 — Ewe over two years old, -

- Isaac Smith, Clarke county,

- Luke Hopkins, Henry county, -

- F. J. Gray, Harrison county, -

- Luke Hopkins, Henry county, -

- F. J. Gray, Harrison county, -

- Robert McMillan, Bourbon county,

- H. W. Rice, Bourbon county, -

- Isaac Smith, Clarke county,

- James Foley, Fayette county, -
Peter Hedges, Bourbon county,

MIDDLE WOOL SHEEP.

C. M. Clay, Madison county, -
Wm. W. Kenney, Bourbon county,
Wm. C. Lyle, Bourbon county,
Richard Allen, Fayette county,

1st prem
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.

1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem .

SAXON OR MERINO SHEEP.

8 — Buck over two years old,

do. do.

4 — Buck under two years old,

do. do, -

9 — Ewe over two years old,

do. do.

8 — Ewe under two years old,

do. do.

- A. L. Bingham, Vermont, - - 1st prem

- Same, .... -2d prem

- Washington Miller, Clarke county, - 1st prem

- Same, - - - - - - 2d prem

- A. L. Bingham, Vermont, - - 1st prem

- Same, 2d prem

- Thomas J. Grimes, Bourbon county, 1st prem

- Washington Miller, Clarke county, 2d prem

REPORT OF THE

CLASS C— HOGS.

No. Entries, and Articles Entered.
8 — Boar over two vears old,

do. do. - - - -

2 — Boar one year old and under two, -

do. do.

8 — Boar six months old and under one year,

do. do. do. -

5 — Sow over two years old, -

do. do.

6 — Sow one year old and under two, -

do. do. do. -

8 — Sow six months old and under one year, -

do. do. do. -

51 — Pair of Pigs over six months old, -

do. do. do. -
3— Five Fat Hogs,

do.

Names, Residence, and Premiums.
E. G. Bedford, Bourbon county, - 1st prem.
Samuel H. Clay, Bourbon county, - 2d prem.
Same, - - - - - 1st prem.

Same, • - - - - - 2d prem.
Same, ...... 1st prem.

Same, 2d prem.

Same, 1st prem.

Richard Allen, Fayette county, - 2d prem.

Same, 1st prem.

Same, - - - - - - 2d prem.

Samuel H. Clay, Bourbon county, - 1st prem.

Same, 2d prem.

Same, ...... 1st prem.

Same, 2d prem.

Same, 1st prem.

Same, 2d prem.

CLASS D.— HORSES.

THOROUGH BRED HORSES.

3 — Star Davis, Stallion 4 yrs. old and upwards,

Vandal, • -

3 — Yankee Pedler, 3 years old and under 4,

Red Ike,

1 — Yorkshire, 2 years old and under 3,
3 — Rifleman, 1 year old and under 2, -

Bay Colt, by Cracker, dam by Lance,

1 — Under I yr., Hooton, out d. Brown Kitty,

11 — Brown Kitty, Mare 4 yrs. old and upw'ds,

Blonde, by Glencoe, out Wagoner Mare,
1 — Rescue, Mare 2 years old and under 3, -
5 — Transylvania, 1 year old and under 2, -

Full Sister to Blonde, ....
7 — Under 1 yr., by Hooton, dam Brown Kitty,

Sella, by imp'd Yorkshire, dam Victoria,

John M. Clay, Fayette county - - 1st prem.
James L. Bradly, Fayette county, - 2d prem.
Joseph Hall. Bourbon county, - - 1st prem.
Geo. A. Kirkpatrick, Bourbon county, 2d prem.
Newton M. Craig, Scott county, - 1st prem.
John H. Cooper, Fayette county, - 1st prem.
Thomas W. Lewis, Clarke county, - 2d prem.
John T. Redman, Bourbon county, - 1st prem.
James S. Thomas, Montgomery co., 1st prem.
A. Keene Richards, Scott county, 2d prem.
Elisha Warfield, Fayette county, - 1st prem.
A. Keene Richards, Scott county, - 1st prem.

Same, - 2d prem.

James S. Thomas, Montgomery co., 1st prem.
S. D. Bruce, Fayette county, - - 2d prem.

DRAFT HORSES.

7 — Young Duke, Stallion 4 yrs. and upwards,
Fair Hope,

1 — Stallion 2 years old and under 3,

1 — (1) Stallion 1 year old and under 2,

1 — Roger Hanson, Stallion under 1 year,

7 — Mare 4 years and upwards,

do. do. -

5 — Black Maria, Mare 3 yrs. old and under 4,
do. do.

4 — Miss M. Remmington,2 yrs. and under 3,
Mare 2 years old and under three, -

2 — Martha Wright, 1 year old and under 2,
Fanny Fern, by Young Duke of Bourbon,

1 — Lady Harrison, under 1 year, -

8 — (2) Gelding 3 years and upwards, -
do. do. do. -

Isaac Kellar, Bourbon county, -
Geo. L. Chiles, Fayette county,
William Wheat, Bourbon county, -
Isaac Wright, Bourbon county,
John L. Todhunter, Fayette county,
Jacob Hughes, Kayette county,
J. W. Kimbrough, Hurrison county,
Charles T. Garrard, Bourbon county,
J. Reneker, Harrison county, -
E. W. Taylor, Woodford county, -
Fayette Ardery, Bourbon county,
George L. Chiles, Fayette county, -
Thomas W. Curreut, Bourbon county,
James H. Gray, Harrison county,
Noah Ferguson, Fayette county,
Will Colcord, Bourbon county,

1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
1st prem.
1st prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.

FINE HORSES FOR ALL WORK.

6 — Stallion 4 years old and upwards, - - Horace Benton, Bourbon county, - 1st prem.

Sir William, Daniel Smith, Clarke county, - - 2d prem.

7 — Cadet, Stallion 3 years old and under 4, - William Nichols, Nicholas county, - 1st prem.

Bay Eagle, E. R. Smith, Fayette county, - - 2d prem.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

No. Entries, and Articles Entered.
4 — Marshall Durock, 2 years old and under 3,

9 — (3) Stallion 1 year old and under 2,

Emperor, ------

13 — (4) Stallion under 1 year old,

John S. Williams, - - - -

21 — Bland, Mare 4 years old and upwards,
Buena Vista, - - -

6 — (5) Mare 3 years old and under 4, -

Laura, by Grey Highlander, dam Whip,
5 — ((i) Mare 2 years old and under 3, -

do. do. do.

9 — (7) Mare 1 year old and under 2, -

do. do. do.

9 — Kate Mahan, Mare under 1 year, -

Under 1 yr„ by Highlander, d. Messenger,
8 — (8) Gelding 3 years old and upwards,

By Highlander, out Highlander Mare, -
4 — (9) Gelding 2 years old and under 3,

By Morgan Whip, out Bertram Mare, -
1 — (10) Gelding 1 year old and under 2,

Names, Residences, and Premiums.
Henry Nichols, Harrison county, - 1st prem.
William Lewis, Clarke county, - 2d prem.
Robert Garrett, Woodford county, - 1st prem.
Joseph t aulconer, Fayette county, - 2d prem.
Mrs. Mary Strode, Clarke county, - 1st prem.
John H. Moore, Clarke county, - 2d prem.
Same, ...... 1st, prem.

E. R. Smith, Fayette county, - - 2d prem.
C. C. Nutter, Fayette county, - - 1st prem.
John W. Cromwell, Fayette county, 2d prem.
James Stipp, Clarke county, - - 1st prem.
Alex. McClintock, Harrison county, 2d prem
James Stipp, Clarke county, - - 1st prem
Harrison Thomson, Clarke county, - 0rl nMm
J. H. Moore, Clarke county, -
Wash Redman, Bourbon county,
Henry Nichols, Harrison county,
G. D. Hunt, Fayette county, -
Robert Nutter, Fayette county,
G. D. Hunt, Fayette county,, -
Robert Nutter, Fayette county,

2d prem.

- 1st prem.

- 2d prem.

- 1st prem.

- 2d prem .

- 1st prem.

- 2d prem.

- 1st prem.

HARNESS HORSES.

9-
2-

10-

11-

1-
2-

3—

Vermont Black Hawk, Stal'n 4ys & over,
Ned Forrest, ------

Bavard, Stallion 3 years and under 4,

Abdallah,

Monzekoff, Stallion 2 years and under 3,
Young Morgan, -

•Prince Albert, Stallion 1 yr. and under 2,
Perfection, ------

■Stallion under 1 year old,

By imp'd Young Lord, dam Whip Mare,

•(11) Gelding 4 years old and upwards, -

do. do. do. -

(12) Gelding 3 years old and under 4,
By Star Highlander, dam by Valentine, -
■Gelding 2 years and under 3, -

do. do. do.

•Pair Match Horses, Mess'r and HighPer,
By Wagoner, dam Sumpter, -
■(13) Pair Match Mares,
By Canadian Chief, d. Whip and Tranby,
-(14) Mare 4 years old and upwards,

do. do. do. -

-(15) Mare 3 years and under 4,
-Beauty, Mare 2 years and under 3, -
By Ned Forrest, dam Cook's Whip,
Bettie Wasson, Mare 1 year and under 2,

do do. -

Alice, Mare under 1 year old,
Kittie, Patterson's Highl'r, d. Valentine,

S. D. Blood, Fayette county, - - 1st prem.
Dowuing & Alexander, Fayette co., 2d prem.
P. E. Todhuuter, Fayette county, - 1st prem.
Patrick Dolan, Fayette county, - 2d prem.
Solomon Low, Fayette county, - 1st prem.
David Martin, Fayette county, - 2d prem.

Wm.T. Hughes, Fayette county, - 1st prem.
James Henderson, Bourbon county, 2d prem.
S. G. Suthard, Clarke county, - - 1st prem.
Thos. H. Wilson, Bourbon county, - 2d prem.
Scott Brown, Franklin county, - 1st prem.

Thomas Bowman, Fayette county, - 2d prem.
Henry Nichols, Harrison county, - 1st prem.
M. Kimbrough, Harrison county, - 2d prem.
C. C. Rogers, Bourbon county, - 1st prem.

JohnSpohn, Harrison county, - - 2d prem.
Dr. J. R. Desha, Lexington, - - 1st prem.
John K. Lincoln, Fayette county, - 2d prem.
A. D. Young, Woodford county, - 1st prem.
J. A. Howerton, Bourbon county, 2d prem.
G. D. Hunt, Fayette county, - 1st prem.

Richard Downing, Sr., Fayette co., - 2d prem.
Alfred Bowman, New Orleans, - 1st prem.

Thomas L. Coons, Payette county, - 1st prem.
W. W. Goddard, Covington, - - 2d prem.
Robert Garrett, Woodford county, - 1st prem.
W. D. Crockett, Scott county, - 2d prem.

M H. Parker, Fayette county, - 1st prem.

F. G. Veach, Harrison county, - 2d prem.

SADDLE HORSES

11 — Denmark, Stallion, 4 yrs. old and upwards,
do. do.

5 — Fearnought, Stallion, 3 yrs. and under 4,

Young Farro, imp. Farro, d. Cherokee,
4 — Rob Roy, Stallion, 2 years and under 3,

By Diomede, dam Smuggler Mare, -
6— (16) Stallion one year and under two,

Confidence, by Tom Hal, dam Stargazer,
8 — Fillmore, Stallion under one year old,

Sir Henry, by Grey Diomede,
10 — (17) Mare lour years and upwards,
do. do. do.

Ed. P. Gaines, Fayette county,
Isaac C. Vanmeter, Clarke county,
John Thompson, Nicholas c unty,
Hugh Roseberry, Bourbon county,
Ed. P. Gaines. Fayette county,
Wm. F. Horton, Bourbon county,
John Griffith, Bourbon county,
S. C. Frazier, Harrison county,
M. H. Parker, Fayette county, -
John A. Rice, Bourbon county,
Logan Railey, Woodford county,
O. V. Talbott, Bourbon county, -

1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.
1st prem.
2d prem.

REPORT OF THE

No. Entries, and Articles Entered.

5 — Mare three years and under four, -

Kate Tilford,

6 — (18) Mare two years and under three,
By Dills' Highlander, d. Orange Boy,
4 — Cinderella, Mare one year and under two,
By Ball Stocking, d. Copperbottom Mare,
7 — Mare under one year old,

Ellen, by Denmark, d. Old Shakspeare,
13 — Gelding four years old and upwards,

do. do. do. -

10 — (19) Gelding three years ana under four,
By Halcom, dam Scott's Highlander,
6 — Nannie, Mare 4 years old and upwards,
without regard to breeding, -
Mare four years and upwards, -

Names, Residence, and Premiums.
Henry Hedges, Bourbon county, - 1st prem.
B. J. Peters, Montgomery county, - 2d prem.
Thomas W.Lewis, Clarke county, - 1st prem.
Henry Nichols, Harrison county , - 2d prem.
William Metcalfe, Nicholas county, 1st prem.
Samuel Pryor, Bourbon county, - - 2d prem.
Benj. Galbreath, Harrison county, - 1st prem.
J. B. Johnson, Fayette county, - - 2d prem.
Silas Evans, Fayette county, - - 1st prem.
Dr. A. H. Pollock, Bracken county,- 2d prem.
Robert Nutter, Fayette county, - - 1st prem.
Roy S. Cluke, Bourbon county, - - 2d prem.

Noah Ferguson, Fayette county,
Samuel F. Forman, Mason county,

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Stallion of any
do. do.

W. T. Hughes, Fayette county,
G. D. Hunt, Fayette county, -

1st prem.
2d prem .

1st prem.
2d prem.

CLASS E.— MULES.

3 — Horse Mule three years old and upwards,

do. do. do.

3 — Horse Mule two years old and under three,

do. do. do. -

3 — Horse Mule one year old and under two,

do. do. do. -

4 — Horse Mule under one year old,

do. do. do. -

8 — Mare Mule three years old and upwards,

do. do. do. - -

7 — Mare Mule two years and under three, -

do. do. do. -

6~Mare Mule one year and under two,

do. do. do.

8 — Mare mule under one year old,

do. do. do. -

3 — Five two year old Mules,

do. do.

4 — Pair of broke Mules, .-•-.•,.

do. do. - - - -

B. B. -Groom, Clarke county, - - 1st prem.

Boone Railey, Woodford county, - 2d prem.

Logan Railey, Woodford county, - 1st prem.

H. W. Rice, Bourbon county, - - 2d prem.

Muir & Chiles, Fayette county, - 1st prem.

Joseph Liter, Fleming county, - - 2d prem.

James K Thompson, Fayette county, 1st prem.

Andrew Wilson, Bourbon county, - 2d prem.

Parker Craig, Lexington, - - 1st prem.

John H. Moore & Co., Clarke co. - 2d prem.

Muir & Chiles, Fayette* county, - 1st prem.

T. F. Marr, Scott county, * - - 2d prem.

Dory Veal, Fayette county, - - 1st prem.

John Thorn, Fayette county, - - 2d prem.

Wm. G. Hedges, Harrison county, - 1st prem.

M.H. Parker, Fayette county, - 2d prem

B. B. Groom, Clarke county, - - 1st prem.

Same, 2d prem.

T. F. Marr, Scott county, - - 1st prem.

Parker Craig, Lexington, - - 2d prem.

CLASS F.— ASSES.

14 — Moro Castle, Jack, 4 years and upwards,
Compromise, ------

5 — Jack three years and under four,

By Compromise, dam Old Warrior,
7 — (1) Jack two years and under three,

By Zach Taylor, dam Black Warrior,
3 — (2) Jack one year old and under two,

Napoleon,

10 — Jack under one year, by imp. Napoleon, -
By Hannibal, dam imported, -
8 — (3) Jennet four years old and upwards, -

do. do. do.

3 — Jennet three years and under four,

do. do. do. -

3 — Castilla, Jennet two years and under three,
do. do. -

Thomas H. Lewis, Clarke county, - 1st prem.

Isaac Wright, Bourbon county, 2d prem.

N. P. Green, Franklin county, - - 1st prem.

Peter Hedges, Bourbon county, - 2d prem.

James Hull, Bourbon county, - - 1st prem.

R. W. Lowry, Mercer county, - 2d prem.

Daniel Talbott, Bourbon county, - 1st prem.

Leland Whaley, Bourbon county, - 2d prem.

James McMillen, Bourbon county, - 1st prem.

Sampson D. Talbott, Bourbon co. - 2d prem.

J. H. Cooper, Fayette county, - 1st prem.

T. M. Burford, Mercer count), - 2d prem.

Harrison Thomson, Clarke county, - 1st prem.

Brutus J. Clay, Bourbon county, - 2d prem.

Joseph Graves, Fayette county, - 1st prem.

Horace Hildreth, Bourbon county, 2d prem.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

No. Entries, and Articles Entered. Names, Residences, and Premiums.

6 — l vr. and under 2, by Comp. d. Span. Jen. Charles D. Talbott, Bourbon county, 1st prem.

Victoria, B'ik- Sampson, d. Tippecanoe, Dudley Tribble, Madison county, - '2d prem.
6 — (4) Jennet under one year old, - - G. M. Proctor, Boyle county, - - 1st prem

By Compromise, dam Old Warrior, - Peter Hedges, Bourbon county, - 2d prem.

SWEEPSTAKES.

12 — Compromise, best Jack of any age, by

Black Hawk, dam Maltese Jennet, - Isaac Wright, Bourbon county, - - prem.
10 — Victoria, best Jennet of any age, by Black

Sampson, dam by Tippecanoe, - - Dudley Tribble, Madison county, - - prem.

CLASS G.— POULTRY.

1 — Turkies, pair,

2 — Muscovy Ducks, pair,

3 — Poland Ducks, pair,

I — Variety of Ducks, •

7 — Geese, pair,

1 — Shanghai Chickens, pair,

2 — Cochin China, pair,

2 — Dorking Chickens, pair, -

2 — Brahma Pootra, pair,

1 — Variety Chickens, all kinds,

- M. Hutchison, Bourbon county, - - prem

- Same, ------- prem

- Same, prem

- Mrs. B. J. Clay, Bourbon county, - - prem

- Martin Hutchison, Bourbon county, - prem

- Mrs. B. J. Clay, Bourbon county,.- - prem

- Martin Hutchison, Bourbon county, - prem

CLASS H.— MECHANICAL.
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

3 — Steam Engine for Farm use,

4 — Reaping Machine, - - - -

2 — Mowing Machine, - - - -

6 — Threshing Machine, (comb'd with Sep'r

5 — Horse Power,

4 — 'Corn Crusher, -

3 — Hand Corn Sheller,

1 — Power Corn Sheller,

2— Wheat Fan.

6 — Straw Cutting Machine.

1 — Four Horse Wagon,

3 — Two Horse Wagon,

1 — Horse Cart, -----

1 — Wheelbarrow, ... -

10 — Two Horse Sod Plow, -
21— Two Horse Stubble Plow,

3 — Two Horse Subsoil Plow,

7 — One Horse Plow, -

1 — Harrow, ------

4 — Cultivator,

1 — Hay Rake, -

1— Mowing Cradle.

3— Wheat Drill,

2 — Corn Planter, -----

2 — Cattle Scales,

2 — Garden Engine, -..-'.-'•-

1— Mill for Grinding Flour and Meal, -

2 — Portable Cider Press,

2 — Apparatus for Cooking Stock Feed,

3 — Pump, ......

2— Bee Hive,

1 — Earth Scraper, . . -

2 — Variety of Agricultural Implements,

- J. A. Humphries, Woodford county,

- Miller, Wingate & Co., Louisville,

- Warder, Brockaw &Co., Springfield, 0.
) Emery & Brother, Albany, N. Y. -

- F. P. Clay, Bourbon county, -

- Scott & Hedges, Cincinnati, -

- Miller, Wingate k Co., Louisville,

- Scott & Hedges, Cincinnati,

- J. McKim & Co., Portland, Ky., -

- J. A. Humphries, Woodford county,

- H. F. Cromwell, Cynthiana, -

- Same, -------

- Same, --....
Same, - -

- T. E. C. Brinley, Shelby county, -
H. F. Cromwell, Cynthiana, -

- Same,

- T. E C. Brinley, Shelby county, -

- Miller, Wingate & Co., Louisville,

- Same, -------

- H.T. & J. C. Brent, Paris, -

- George Rymel, Bourbon county, -

- Warder, Brockaw & Co., Springfield, 0.

- R. B Brown, Jessamine county, -

- C. W. Wailey, Lexington, -

- Tyler, Davidson & Co , Cincinnati,

- Scott &. Hedges, Cincinnati, -

- Samuel Males, Cincinnati, -

- Samuel H. Clay, Bourbon county, -

- Bedinger & McCormick, Mason county,

- Rev. L. L. Langstraw, Massachusetts, -
Miller, Wingate & Co., Louisville,

- Same, ... - .

prem.

prem

prem.

prem,

prem.

prem

REPORT OF THE

SILVER AND OTHER WARE, &c.
No. Entries, and Articles Entered. Names, Residence, and Premiums.

-Silver Ware, - - - - - E. & D. Kinsey, Cincinnati, - - - prem.

1 — Tin Ware,

A. Lee & Co., Paris,

CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, &o.

2 — Close Carriage, two horse,
1 — Open Carriage, one horse,
3-Buggy, - - -

3 — Set Double Harness,
2 — Set Single Harness,
2— Saddle and Bridle,
1 — Traveling Trunk,

- H. F. Cromwell, Cynthiana,

- Same, -

- H. Kellogg, Ohio,

- I. C. Shackleford & Co., Cincinnati,

- Same, -----

- Turtoy &- Eveleth, Cynthiana,

- J. H. Werts, Lexingcon,

- prem.

CABINET, CARPENTER, AND COOPER WORK.

- Mayo & Hopkins, Covington,

- Same, ------

- Kelly & Foreman, Bourbon county,

- Same, ------

1 — Mantlepiece, ....

1 — Door Pattern, ....

1— Set Edge Took, ....

1 — Set of Planes, -

2 — Water Cooler, ....

3 — Churn, ------- Bedinger & McCormick, Mason county, prem.

- prem.

- prem.
prem.

1 — Butter Firkin,

H. T.& J. C. Brent, Paris,

IRON AND IRON CASTINGS.

1 — Specimen Bar Iron,

1 — Specimen Hoop Iron,

1 — Specimen Wrought Iron,

4— Keg Nails,

4 — Fancy Castings,

5 — Cooking Range,

3 — Parlor Stove,

1 — Grate for Coal,-

1 — Double-barrel Shot Gun,

- H. T. & J. C. Brent, Paris, -

- Same, - - -

- Same, ------

- L. McGill, Paris, - - - -

- E. Young, Cincinnati, -

- Kellv & Foreman, Bourbon county,

- L. McGill, Paris, -

prem.

prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.

GUNS, &c.

- George M. Bedford, Bourbon county, • prem.

HATS, CAPS, LEATHER, BOOTS AND SHOES,

2 — Silk Hat, T.J. Adams, Georgetown, - - - prem.

2 — Fur Hat, ------ Same, ------ prem.

1 — Wool Hat, ...-.- Same, ------- prem.

1 — Cloth Cap, ------ Mrs. James Price, Clarke county, - - prem.

1 — Coarse Shoes, James Price, Clarke county, - - - prem.

CLASS I.— DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

OF WOOL.

4 — Ten yards Fine Jeans, home made,
4 — Ten yards Fine Jeans, factory made,
6 — Ten yards Negro Jeans, home made,
4 — Ten yards Negro Jeans, factory made,

- D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln county, - - prem.

- Mrs. Thomas J.Grimes, Bourbon county, prem.

- D R. Caldwell, Lincoln county, - - prem.
P. J. Searmmd, Bourbon county, - - prem.

4 — Ten yards White Linsey, homemade, - Mrs Thomas J. Grimes, Bourbon county, prem.
7 — Ten yards Colored Linsey, home made, - Same, ------ prem.

- prem.

5 — Ten yards Plaid Linsey, home-made,
2 — Ten yards Plaid Linsey, factory made,
6 — Ten yards Flannel, home made,
3 — Pair Blankets, home made,
11 — Pair Blankets, factory made, -

7 — Bed Spread,

5 — Ten yards Carpet, home-made,
3 — Ten yards Rag Carpet, home-made,
1 — Hearth Rug, home made,
3 — Woolen Shawl, - -

- D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln county, -

- Mrs. Howe, Bourbon county,

- James Hutcucratt, Bourbon county,

- Same, ------

- Mrs. James Price, Clarke county, -

- Mrs Michael Netf, Bourbon county,

- Mrs Mary Hughes, Bourbon county,

- D. Penn, Bourbon county,

- Mrs. Wm. Nunn, Bourbon county,

- James Hutchcraft, Bourbon county,

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

No. Entries, and Articles Entered.
5 — Woolen Hose, ....

9— Woolen Half Hose,
3 — Woolen Gloves, ... -

Names, Residence, and Premiums.
■ Mrs. James Henderson, Fayette county, prem.

- Same, - - prem.

- Mrs. Thomas J. Gripies, Bourbon county, prem.

COTTON AND SILK.

11 — White Cotton Counterpane, - - - Mrs. Michj6aS*Nen°, Bourbon county, - prem.
2 — Cotton Hose, -.-..• ... James Hutchcralt, Bourbon county, - prem.

3 — Cotton Half Hose, Mrs. James Price, Clarke county, - - prem.

1 — Three ounces Sewing Silk, home made, - Mrs. Thomas J. Grimes, Bourbon county, prem.

6 — Handkerchief, - Same, prem.

4 — Hose, home made, Same, prem.

HEMP AND FLAX.

6 — Ten yards Diaper,
3 — Ten yards Flax Linen, home made,
3 — Ten yards Hemp Linen, home made,
3 — Ten yards Tow Linen, homemade,
2 — One pound bleached Sewing Thread,

3 — 0" e pound unbleached Sewing Thread, - Same,

NEEDLEWORK, &c

- Mrs. Michael Neff, Bourbon county,

- Mrs. George Rymel, Bourbon county,

- Same, ------

- D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln county, -
Mrs. George Rymel, Bourbon county,

9-
3-

10-
2-
9-

7-
8-
7—
3-
2-
8_
4-
5-

8—

3-
3-
3-

3-
2-
1-

Silk Patch work Quilt, - - - -

Silk Comfort, ........

Worsted Patch work Quilt,

Worsted Comfort, -

Calico Patch woik Quilt, - -

Calico Patch work Quilt,

White Quilt, solid work,

■Calico Comfort, .-.--.

Suit of Clothes, made by Tailor, -

Jeans Coat, made by Lady,

Vest, made by Lady, -

Linen Shirt, unstarched, made by Lady, -

Cotton Shirt, unstarched, made by Lady,

Fancy Bonnet, .'.-.'-

Silk Embroidery, -

Silk Embroidery,

Worsted Embroidery, -

Thread Embroidery, -

Cotton English Work, -

Hemstitched Garment or Handkerchief, -

Knit Chair Tidy, -

Ornamental Hair Work, -

Leather Work,

Mrs. S. M. Murphy, Bardstown, -
Miss Martha Clav, Bourbon county,
Mrs. L. 0. Shackleford, Shelbyville,
Mrs. George Hancock, Jefferson coun
Mrs. Ben. A. Batterton, Bourbon co.
Miss Eliza Case, Bourbon county,
Mrs. F. E. Peck, Paris,
Mrs. B. J Clay, Bourbon county, -
John H. Werts, Lexington, -
Mis. James H. Price, Clarke county,
Mrs. L. J. Bradford, Bracken county,
Mrs. John Barnhill, Oldham county,
Mrs. Sarah Skinner, Bourbon county,
Mrs C. R. Pendery, Cincinnati, -
Mrs. B. J. Clay, Bourbon county, -
Mrs. J. P. Martin, Cynthiana,
Mrs. B. F. Williams* Paris, -
Miss Martha Clay, Bourbon county,
Mrs. Dr. E. H. Watson, Frankfort,
David Denn, Bourbon county,
Mrs B. J. Clay, Bourbon county, -
Mildred A. Gass, Bourbon county,
Madam Zwick, Cincinnati,
Mrs. C. L. Sharrod, Louisville,

- prem.

prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.

TOBACCO, SALT, &c.

1 — Twenty pounds Tallow Candles,
2 — Ten pounds Soap, home made,
4 — Five pounds Starch, home made,

- Mrs. James Price, Clarke county, - - prem.

- Mrs. R. Hutchcraft, Bourbon county, - prern.

- Miss Ann M. Clay, Bourbon county, - prem.

CLASS J.— FINE ARTS.

PAINTINGS, &c.

4 — Animal Painting, in oil,
3 — Animal Painting in Water Colors, -
3 — Landscape in Oil, -
7 — Landscape in Water Colors, -
1 — Cattle Drawing, -
3 — Fruit Painting, ....
11 — Flower Painting, ....

- R. A. Alexander, Woodford county, - prem,

- J. C. Lemon, Scott county, ... prem.

- J. C. Elrod, Lexington, ... prera.

- Miss Martha Clay, Bourbon county, - prem.

- Miss Margaret V. Bedford, Bourbon co., prem.

- Miss Nancy L. Bedford, Bourbon county, prem.

- Miss Carrie Fall, Franklin county, - prem.

REPORT OF THE

No. Entries, and Articles Entered.

4— Fancy Painting, - - -
8 — Grecian Painting, -
13 — Monochromatic Painting,
2 — Polychromatic Painting, -
5 — Crayon Drawing, -
1 — Indian Ink Drawing,
2— Pencil Drawing, ... -
2 — Display of Daguerreotypes, -
2 — Display of Ambrotypes,
1 — Display of Photographs,
3 — Bust of Crittenden,
Bust of Robertson,

Names, Residence, and Premiums.

Miss Carrie A. Moore, Bourbon county, prem.
Miss A. R. Curtis, Mason county, - - prem

J. C. Lemon, Scott county, - - - prem.
Miss Nancy L. Bedford, Bourbon co., - prem.
Mrs. C. L. Sharrod, Louisville, - - prem.
Miss Margaret T.Bedford, Bourbon co,, prem.
Miss Mary E. Bell, Bourbon county, - prem.
J. C. Elrod, Lexington, - - - prem.

Same, prem.

Same, ------- prem.

Jos. A. Humphreys, Woodford co., 1st prem.
M. Pruden, Lexington, - - - 2d prem.

1 — Piano,

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

- Peters, Cragg & Co., Louisville,

- prem.

CLASS K.— PRODUCTS OF THE SOIL.

9— One bushel of Wheat, -
2— One bushel of Oats,
2 — One bushel of Rye,
2— One bushel of Buckwheat,
— Fifty ears Corn, for bread,
17 — Fifty ears Corn, for stock,
2— One" bushel of Hemp Seed,
2— One bushel of Timothy Seed,
4— One bushel of Blue Grass Seed,
9 — Largest Pumpkin, -

1 — Irish Potatoes,

3 — Sweet Potatoes,

1 — Sweet Potatoes, variety, -

5— Cabbage, six heads,

5 — Tomatoes, one peck,

1 — Turnips, one peck, -

4 — Parsnips, one peck, -

3 — Salsify, one peck, -

2 — Onions, one peck, -

4 — Beets for table, one peck,

1 — Beets for stock, one bushel,

3 — Lima Beans, half peck, -

3 — Bunch Beans, half peck,

2 — Pepper, half peck, -

1 — Water Melons, half dozen,

1 — Musk Melons, half dozen,

6 — Squashes, half dozen,

2 — Green House Flowers, in pots,
1 — Twenty four Roses, variety, -
2 — Verbenas, greatest variety,
1 — Cut Flowers, greatest variety,
1 — Hand Boouet of Hardy Flowers,

GRAINS, &c.

- Samuel Maddox, Fayette county. - - prem.

- 0. H Burbridge, Bourbon county, - prem.

- Same, ------- prem.

D. Penn, Bourbon county, - - - prem.

- Morris Gas?, Bourbon county, - prem.

- B.obert P. Kenney, Fayette county, - prem.

- 0. H. Burbridge, Bourbon county, - prem.

- Edward Turner, Fayette county, - - prem.

- Mary Hughes, Fayette county, - - prem.

- John B. Kennedy, Bourbon county, - prem.

GARDEN.

- John Giltner, Bourbon county, - • prem.

- Mrs. A. V. Bedford, Bourbon county, - prem.

- David Penn, Bourbon county, - prem.

- George L. Redman, Bourbon county, - prem.
. - Mrs. B. J. Clay, Bourbon county, - - prem.

- Mrs. W. A. Bacon, Bourbon county, - prem.

- Mrs. B. J. Clay, Bourbon county, - - prem.

- Same, ------ prem.

- Same, ------- prem.

- Master J. W. Jamison, Bourbon county, prem.
■ Mrs. Jame3 S. Watson, Bourbon county, prem.

- Mrs. W. C. Lyle, Bourbon county, - prem.

- Mrs. C. T. Garrard, Bourbon county, - prem.

- Mrs. James S. Watson, Bourbon county, prem.

- Mrs. W. C. Lyle, Bourbon county, - prem.

- Mrs. B. C Bedford, Bouvbon county, - prem.

- Mrs. Mary A. Klizer, Bourbon county, - prem.

FLOWERS.

- Mrs. Noah Spears, Paris,

- Same, -

- Same. -

- Mrs. Molly McAboy, Paris, -

- Miss Elizabeth Hickman, Paris,

1 — Hand Boquet of Green House Flowers, Mrs. H. T. Duncan, Fayette county,

l_Floral design of living Flowers, - - Same,

1 — Best Apple, A. V. Bedford, Bourbon county,

1 — Free Peaches, E. P. Turner, Fayette county,

1 — Variety of Peaches, .... Same,

l_Best Peach, Same,

5 — Quinces, one dozen, - - - - P. S. Bush, Covington, -

2 — Catawba Grapes, basket, ' - - - Mrs. W. C. Lyle, Bourbon county,

- prem.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

CLASS L.— FAMILY PRODUCTS.

DAIRY, &c.

No. Entries, and Articles Entered.
-Butter, five pounds,
-Cheese, ten pounds, under one year,
-Honey, five pounds,
-Maple Sugar, ten pounds,
-Preserves, three kinds, -
-Pickles, three kinds,
-Preserved Fruit, in cans,

Names, Residence, and Premiums.

- Mrs. Amanda Clay, Bourbon county,

- Same, - -

- John Giltner, Bourbon county,

- Mrs. B. J. Ciay, Bourbon county, •

- Mrs. James S. Watson, Bourbon county,

- Mrs. Chas. T. Garrard, Bourbon county,

- Same, -------

PANTRY, &c.

-Pound Cake, -

-White Cake, -

-Fruit Cake, -

-Sponge Cake, -

-Loaf of Wheat Bread, -

-Two Hams, one boiled or baked,

-Dried Beef, - - -

-Lard, ten pounds, • -

-Kentucky Wine, six bottles, -

-Cider, six bottles, -

-Barrel of Flour,

-Barrel of Meal,

- Mrs. B. J. Clay, Bourbon county, -

- Same, ------

- Same, - -

- Mrs. David Harp, Fayette county,

- Mrs. C.T.Garrard, Bourbon county,

- Same, - -

- Mrs. W. C. Lyle, Bourbon county,

- Thadeus Smith, Woodford county,

- Mrs. J.S. Watson, Bourbon county,

- Mrs. B. J. Clay, Bourbon county, -

- David Penn, Bourbon county,

prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.

prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem.
prem -
prem.
prem.

DISCRETIONARY PREMIUMS.

-Improved Kentucky Sheep,
Silk Patch work Quilt, -
Silk Patch work Quilt, •
Worsted Patch work Quilt,
White Quilt, solid work,
Silk Embroidery,
Chenile Embroidery,
Worsted Embroidery,
Pants, made by a girl,
Crochet Quilt,

Embroidered Child's Cloak, -
American Silver Plated Ware,
Cut Glass, ....
Pressed Glass,

Variety of Plows, - - -
Kentucky Wine,
Combined Mower and Reaper,
Card Press, &c.,
Writing Fluid,

Counter and Platform Scales, -
Self Raking Reaper,
Tool Chests and Garden Tools,
Patent Soda Fountain,
Portable Fence,
Mattrass, ....

Kershaw, -

Dynamometer,

Robert W. Scott, Franklin county, - prem.
Miss Ellen Peck, 14 years old, Bourbon, prem.
Mrs. W. T. Curry, Harrodsburg. - - prem.
Mrs. S. C. Laughlin, Bath county, - prem.

Mrs. Mary M. Bench, Harrison county, prem.
Mrs. J. P. Martin, Cynthiana, - - prem.
Mrs. W. R. Hynes, Harrodsburg, - - prem,
Miss Martha Clay, Bourbon county, - prem.
Miss C. J. Bradford, Augusta, . - - prem.
Mrs. Johnson, Texas, - - - - prem.

Miss E. C. Johnson, Mercer county, - prem.
E. & D. Kinsey, Cincinnati. - - prem.

T.Sweeney & Son, Wheeling, Va , - prem.
Same, ------- prem.

P. S. Bush, Covington, - - - - prem.

G. M. Bedford, Bourbon county, - - prem.
Miller, Wingate & Co., Louisville, - prem.
Wm. R. Lamphear, Cincinnati, - - prem.
Butler &, Parr, Cincinnati, • - - prem.
E. & T. Fairbanks & Co., St. Johnsberry, prem.
Warder, Brockaw &Co., Springfield, 0., prem.
Tyler, Davidson & Co., Cincinnati, - prem.

Alex. Frankenburg, Columbus, Ohio, - prem.
J. Rowe, Hillsboro county, Fla., - - prem.
George White, Madison county, - - prem.
Mrs. Margaret T. Bedford, Bourbon CO., prem.
John L. Gill, Columbus, Ohio, - - prem.

54 REPORT OF THE

PREMIUMS FOR ESSAYS, AND ON HEMP AND TOBACCO.

If not being practicable to make awards on these subjects at the
time of the Fair, the following awards were subsequently made, as
appears by the following Report of the Corresponding Secretary :

KENTUCKY STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Agricultural Room, Frankfort, Ky., )
May 21st, 1857. \
CLASS M— PRIZE ESSAYS.
After deliberate and protracted examination, the various committees have returned the fol-
lowing awards as to all the essays which were entered for premiums in 1856:

On Breeding Stock of any kind, to Albert Allen, of Fayette county, Ky., first premium,
.$20; Robert J. Breckinridge, D. D , of Fayette county, second premium, $10.

On Crops and Staples, to Richard J. Spurr, of Fayette county, Ky., first premium, $20.
On the Cultivation of Crops or Staples of any kind, to R. J. Breckinridge, D. D., of Fayette
county, Ky., first premium, $20.

On Soils, &,c, to David Dale Owen, of New Harmony, Indiana, first premium, $20.
On the cultivation of Fruits and Fruit Trees in Kentucky, to Arthur Peter, of Louisville,
Kyy., first prem, $20.

On the Use and Assistance of Mechanics to Agriculture, to R. J. Breckinridge, D. D., of
Fayette county, Ky., first premium, $20.

CLASS J.— DESIGNS.
For the best Design of a Poultry House, to Oliver Albertson, of Washington county, la.,
premium, $5.

No other awards of premiums were made for designs.

CLASS K— TOBACCO.

The following awards were made by the respective committees, at the exhibition in Louis-
ville on the 21st of May, 1857, in accordance with previous arrangements, of which due notice
had been given :

For the best Sample of one Hogshead of Leaf Tobacco, to be entered by the producer —
three entries — to W. Owen, of , premium, $25.

For the best Sample of one Hogshead of Leaf Tobacco, for shipping, entered by producer —
three entries — to W. Wood, of , premium, $25.

For the best Sample of one Hogshead of Leaf Tobacco, for manufacturing, entered by pro-
ducer — four entries — to Lewis Van Kapt, of , premium, $25.

For the best Sample of one Hogshead of Leaf Tobacco, for cigars, entered by producer —
three entries — to John Murray, of , premium, $25.

CLAbS K— HEMP AND FLAX.
The exhibition for premiums on Hemp and Flax was held in Lexington on the same day,
in pursuance of previous notice and arrangement, and the following awards were made :
For the best specimen of Water rotted Hemp, to W. F. Harper, of Woodford, premium.
For the best specimen of Dew-rotted Hemp, to Edward Allen, of Fayette, premium.
For best specimen of Flax, to James Hutchcraft, of Bourbon, premium.

These premiums, thus awarded, have been all conferred, and satis-
factorily accepted by the parties entitled to them.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 55

Correct and impartial information as to the success of this first
Kentucky State Fair, and of its favorable effect and general utility,
cannot be given better than by the publication of the following notices
of it, in various publications, at that time :

FIRST KENTUCKY STATE FAIR.

The Premium List for the First Annual Exhibition of the Kentucky State Agricultural So-
ciety, which is to be held in the First district, near Paris, from the 3<th September to the 4th
of October next, is in type for publication in the next issue of the Western Farm Journal.

This list at once attests both the liberality and the intelligence of the Board of Directors of
the State Society. It is very comprehensive as to the articles and animals which are invited
to be presented in competition for premiums, and shows that, as an inducement for present-
ing them, the Directory offers more in the shape of prizes than the entire sum appropriated
by the State Legislature, in aid of the useful and patriotic objects of the Association.

The aggregate amount of the premiums is $5,164, distributed as follows, viz : Live Stock,
$3,330; embracing bulls, cows and heifers, fat cattle, work oxen, milch cows, long wool sheep,
fat sheep, middle wool sheep, Saxon or Merino sheep, boars, sows, fat hogs, thorougb-bred horses,
dratt horses, fine horses for all work, harness horses, saddle horses, mules, jacks, and jennets.
Specimens of Mechanical Sk ill, $fiQ0; embracing agricultural implements, carriages, buggies, har-
ness, trunks, cabinet work, carpentry, cooper's work, silver and other ware, stone and marble
work, printing and binding, iron and iron castings, guns, hats and caps, leather, boots and shoes.
Domestic Manufactures, $4i>5; embracing fabrics of wool, of cotton, of silk, of hemp, flax, and of
tobacco, salt, tallow, lard, etc., with specimens of needle work, quilts, clothes, etc. Poultry, $28;
embracing turkeys, ducks, geese, and chickens. Family Products, $59; embracing the works and
the contents of the dairy and the pantry generally. Fine Arts, $191; embracing various descrip-
tions of drawings and painting, with designs in rural architecture, and musical instruments.
Products of the Soil, $251; embracing grains and seeds, hemp and flax, tobacco, potatoes,
beans, and other articles of the garden, productions of the orchard, and displays of flowers.
Agricultural Literature, $300; embracing essays on all subjects of interest to the farmer, the
gardener, the orchardist, and the stock raiser. Such awards as the Board of Directors may
deem best, will also be made, on the recommendation of the judges, for specimens of Natural
Material; embracing fossils, minerals of this State generally, useful woods and plants of Ken-
tucky, and suits in the animal kingdom, including insects and animals injurious to the farm.

These premiums, with the exception of such as are offered for products of the farm and
garden, are, as they ought to be, "open to the world." All of the Western World, it is to be
hoped, will compete for them, and as much of the Eastern World as is willing to entrust its
best live stock, and its highest manufactural skill, to the "tender mercies" of long railroad
trains. Our Northern and Eastern friends may with propriety be informed now, — and perhaps
the same thing had as well be said to our Southern and Western friends — that although Bour
bon county is a little place, it has a big heart, and that Fayette adjoins it along the railroad
on one side and Harrison on another.

Many persons, both at home and abroad, will be pleased to know that Governor Morehead
will deliver the Annual Address, at 12 o'clock, on the second day of the Fair.

[ Western Farm Journal.

THE FAIRS OF 1856.

FIRST ANNUAL FAIR OF THE KENTUCKY STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

The first exhibition of live stock, farm implements, agricultural machinery, field crops, do-
mestic manufactures, etc., etc., by the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, took place at the
Fair Grounds of the Bourbon County Association, near Paris, last week — opening on Tuesday
morning, September 30th, and continuing till Saturday evening, October 4th. Very extensive
preparations had been made for the occasion, by both the Directors of the Society and the citi-
zens of Paris and vicinity, and the entire exhibition proved an eminent success. Although
the attendance was not so large on the first and second days as had been anticipated, owing to
extremely disagreeable and unseasonable weather — the sky and the temperature being more
like the last of November than the first of October — yet, with warmer airs and recurring sun-
shine on the third day, the amphitheatre, the halls, and the spacious grounds all filled up, and
so continued to the close.

We have attended no previous Agricultural Fair, the arrangements of which were so com-
plete as they were at this; nor have we ever been present on any similar occasion, when the
arrangements were more pefectly carried out. Everything within the amphitheatre moved on
with the regularity and precision of the agricultural machinery at work without, and conse-
quently there was no confusion, no clashing, very little delay at any point, and much less dis-
satisfaction manifested by unsuccessful competitors than we have witnessed at any previ
ous fair. And all this, notwithstanding the great extent of the exhibition, and the unusual

56 REPORT OF THE

number of animals and articles brought before the public and the judges. For such ample and
perfect arrangements the Society has been placed under lasting obligations to the resident Ex-
ecutive Committee, and for the harmony that attended the exhibition throughout, and the satis
faction so universally given, all persons interested are indebted to the cordial co operation of
the different members of the Directory, (all of whom were present but three) every day, and
at all stages of the proceedings. Without being at all invidious, we may refer by name to
Brutus J. Clay and Wm. C. Lyle, Esqrs., the President and the Recording Secretary, as gen-
tlemen who, in initiating the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, devoted time and rendered
services that shouid never be forgotten.

The grounds, the amphitheatre, the floral hall, and their accessories, have been so well de-
scribed in our columns already, as to render anything like a minute account of them unneces-
sary here. It will be enough to say that they were found to be sufficient in every respect, both
in kind and in degree, for the great occasion which was to test their capacity and fitness. Yet,
a word more may be spoken, by way of tribute to the taste and judgment that decorated and
arranged the Floral Hall, which at times more than divided interest with the exhibitions with-
in the amphitheatre, attractive as they almost uniformly were. The imposing shaft that up-
holds the centre of the circular roof, with the supports branching to the rafters from its supe-
rior part, were all finely decorated with twining evergreens. At the base of this shaft, which
formed its centre, was the large pyramid for flowers, which was well filled for the season.
Within the broad area around this were two large temples of moss,- finely constructed. Di-
viding this area from the main ground promenade was the circular counter for show cases,
geological specimens, statuary, &c, and on the outer side of the promenade, skirting the
entire circle of the hall, were the tables for vegetables, fruits, dairy products, pantry articles,
samples of grain, &c. &c Immediately above these taOles, at short distances apart, circling
the entire hall as a historical necklace, hung portraits of the early pioneers, heroes, statesmen,
jurists, and other benefactors of Kentucky — forming one of the most appropriate and interest-
ing features of the whole exhibition. And on the right of the entrance to this charmed circle
6tood Hart's fine bust of Mr. Crittenden, (the property of' Joseph A. Humphreys, Esq., of
Woodford county,) a link uniting the past and the present.

By several easy flights of stairs, ascent was had to the second story of the hall, where was
deposited the richest and most varied array of articles of domestic manufacture that we have
ever beheld together — articles attesting at once the taste, the skill, the judgment, and the in-
dustry of that most beautiful of all institutions, .the family circle. Mingled here and there
with the works of to day and yesterday, were productions of the mothers of Kentucky forty
years ago — the matrons of 1816 manifesting, it is but justice to say, equal skill and greater
solidity than those of '56. In this department were some superb specimens of needle work,
one of which, at least, we think, has never been surpassed. Here were also several most ad-
mirable oil paintings of cattle, the property of R. A Alexander, Esq , of Woodford county,
with some creditable specimens of cattle portraiture in water colors. And not far from these
stood a very superior Louis Fourteenth Piano, from the establishment of Peters, Cragg & Co.,
of Louisville, to which the lady judges would have awarded half a dozen premiums had it
been proper to do so.

But must we refer to the list of premiums, which will be published complete in the next issue
of the Farm Journal, for a more perfect idea of the variety and excellence of this part of the first
exhibition of the State Society We should find the space which we usually allot to editorial
matter all filled up, were we to attempt anything like a distinct mention of even the best speci-
mens of quilts, counterpanes, blankets, hose, shawls, linseys, hats, caps, bonnets, cloaks, whole
garments, &c, of home manufacture, which, in the Floral Hall, bore witness to the good taste
and good sense of the ladies of Kentucky. The premium list will show how vast was the va-
riety of articles on exhibition here, as well as how numerous were the articles entered in com-
petition for some of the prizes.

The large shed erected for the display of farm implements, agricultural machinery, and
wheeled vehicles, etc., was not sufficient to cover one-quarter of the articles on exhibition in
this department. New York and Ohio competed with Kentucky here, the latter State very
strongly, but a very fair share of the awards was in favor of the skill and workmanship of our
own mechanics and manufacturers. Among reapers and mowers, of which quite a number
were on the ground, we were gratified to see the Kentucky Harvester bear off the blue ribbon.
Our neighbors, Miller, Win^ate & Co., also took premiums on their corn sheller, on a folding
harrow, and on the best display of agricultural implements of their own manufacture. A
steam power, for farm purposes, which Joseph A. Humphreys, of Woodford, has been using
the past season or two, took the premium against a very good article of the same description
from Ohio. Sinclair's stalk and straw cutter (operated on the ground by Mr. Humphrey's
steam power,) cut so well as to cut Sanford's straw cutter out of a premium offered for an
article of this description; and better praise than this could hardly be awarded to any instiu
ment for cutting stock feed. Emery's combined thresher and separator, from Albany, N. Y.,
took the premium from several long tried threshers and separators, much to the surprise of a
good many lookers on. T. E. C. Brinley, of Shelby county, and H. F. Cromwell, of Cynthi-
ana, took premiums for plows. In this article there was a fine show, and strong competition.
A combination plow, patented to John L. Gill, of Columbus, Ohio, for either sod or stubble,

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 57

struck us as favorably as any plow we have ever examined. It looked well on the grounds,
and afterwards we saw it work well in the field. It has great capacity for work, will manifest-
ly wear well, and we think would be a decided acquisition to the farm implements of Ken-
tucky. Among some of the largest and best farmers of Ohio, it is preferred to aDy other
plow in use, for either sod or stubble. There were several steaming apparatuses on the
ground, all well adapted for cooking stock feed. The premium was taken by Samuel H. Clay,
of Bourbon, for a cauldron, of which we shall give some account hereafter. It, or some other
cooking apparatus, should be in use on every farm where there is even a score of stock to feed.
Harrison county carried off the honors in carriage manufacture. The carriages and buggies
exhibited were really superb, an honor to the manufactural skill of the State. Scott & Hedges,
of Cincinnati, and Warder, Brockaw & Child, of Springfield, Ohio, were exceedingly well re
presented by their excellent and well known articles of agricultural machinery, and shared in
the prizes awarded in that department. But again we must refer to the premium list — not
yet having enumerated a tithe of the articles worthy of special mention. To our Ohio neigh-
bors, the State Society is much indebted for the assistance they afforded in rendering this de-
partment of the exhibition interesting and valuable. Nothing like it was ever before seen in
Kentucky. And fortunately for our farmers, many of the best of them were present, and ex-
amined with much care the machinery which mechanical genius, in their own and in other
States, has produced and laid at their very doors, to aid them in the noble employment of cul-
tivating the earth.

The show of live stock was really magnificent. It has never been equalled in Kentucky.
And prominent stock raisers present from other States, who have been in attendance upon
cattle shows in England as well as this country, universally expressed their belief that an ex-
hibition of cattle, of the different classes, superior to that witnessed by them on the first day
of the Kentucky State Fair, has Dever been made in any part of the. world. The first day was
devoted to cattle, sheep and hogs; the second to blood and draft horses; the third to fine
horses and mules; the fourth to harness horses and poultry; the fifth to saddle horses, sweep-
stakes, and asses.

Upon every day but the second, the exhibition was all that could have been desired. We
have seen better shows of draft horses, and far better of biooded horses, in Kentucky, many
times before. But in nearly every other description of stock, the first exhibition of the State
Fair was the best that ever has been made in Kentucky. The jack stock was numerous, and
struck every one as being very fine. Some of the rings of mules eclipsed everything of the
kind that we had ever before seen or heard of. In fine horses, of the different classes, quite
a number of the rings were absolutely magnificent. The sweepstakes of premium animals,
upon either day but the second, would, we presume, have been difficult to beat anywhere.
Some good sheep were shown, a family of Maltese goats, belonging to Robert W. Scott, Esq.,
of Franklin county, and several lots of swine that no country has surpassed. For the number
of entries in the various classes of different animals, we are again compelled to refer to the
forthcoming premium list.

At the close of the third, fourth and fifth days, a grand cavalcade of all the premium horses,
cattle and mules, was formed upon the grounds, and entering the amphitheatre, marched sev-
eral times around the ring. This was one of the most imposing sights, as well as one of the
most interesting incidents of the entire exhibition.

The address of Governor Morehead, according to announcement, was delivered at noon of
the second day. It was highly appropriate, scholarly, and able — rising at times into the re-
gion of true eloquence, and clothing the most patriotic sentiments with the most beautiful
language. The orator displayed excellent judgment in the choice of his themes, and evinced
the most refined taste in their discussion. When published, this effort cannot fail to add to
the already exalted reputation of its author.

Numerous as was the attendance at the Fair, all were amply provided for. The hospitali-
ties of the citizens of Paris and its vicinity, though often called into exercise, seem to rise
higher and spread broader with every new occasion. Nothing could exceed the bountifulness
of the provision made for their guests, or the gracefulness with which it was dispensed. To
the ladies, especially, upon whom the chief burthen falls on such occasions, are due the
thanks of the thousands from distant States, and distant parts of our own State, who were the
recipients of their hospitalities.

Quite a large number of prominent stock breeders in other States were present at the ex-
hibition, Irorn its opening till near its close — making observations, and expressing themselves
as much surprised as thev were delighted. Among them we remember Messrs. Morris, Al-
len, Sherwood, Wadsworth, Chapman, and Thorne, of New York; Messrs. Stienberger, Ren-
nicks, Bell, Walker, and Cunningham, of Virginia; and Messrs. Watts, Millikin, Dodge, Ful-
lington, Melendy, and others, of Ohio.

The Premium List, the Address of Governor Morehead, and Proceedings of the Board of
Directors, will be published in the next number of the Farm Journal. — Western Farm Journal.

KENTUCKY AGRICULTURE.
The Farmers of Kentucky do many things up just about right. They have established a
State Agricultural Society some two or three months ago, in aid of which the General Assem-
bly appropriated $10,000, to be expended the present and coming season. For Agricultural

58 REPORT OF THE

purposes, the Legislature divided the State into three districts, in which the Annual Fairs of
the Society are to be held in rotation. The County Societies are to become tributary to the
State Society — making reports to it, and it making reports to the General Assembly. The
more useful and practical portions of the matter thus collected, are to be segregated from the
main body of the various reports, carefully edited, and published annually in a handsome
volume of convenient size.

The first annual exhibition of the State Society is to be held in Bourbon county, near Paris,
the first week in October next. It commences, indeed, on Tuesday morning, the 30th day of
September, and continues till Saturday evening, the 4th of October. We have received a
copy of the Premium List, which is an exceedingly comprehensive one, and liberal in the size
and number of the Prizes offered, and also in the fact that competition is open to all the
world, except in so far as relates to premiums offered for products of the farm and the garden.
The aggregate of prizes to be paid, counts up to more than $5.000 — of which sum all but
about .$250 is open to the competition of all neighboring States — of "all the world," indeed,
and "the rest of mankind," if they choose to present themselves.

Among the items of the Premium List, we observe that prizes reaching in the aggregate to
the sum of nearly $3,500, are to be paid upon horses, cattle, sheep, and other live stock. Our
neighbors of Warren, Clark, Clinton. Madison, and Ross counties, will have a fine opportunity
by means of the Covington and Lexington Railroad, to compete with the brag stock of Ken-
tucky for some of the silver pitchers and cups. We hope they will embrace this opportunity,
for we know something of the history and characters of their best animals, and have not the
slightest idea that they need be ; n the least afraid. We see that the name of our enterpris-
ing fellow citizen, Mr. Robert G. Corwin, of Warren county, (whose herd contains some of
the best importations from England and Scotland,) stands at the head of the list of judges of
" full blood" and " thoroughbred" bulls, cows, and heifers. Among judges in other classes of
cattle, are Dr. A. Watts, of Ross county, Alexander Weddle, of Clark county, and Robinson
Florence, of Fayette county; a very fair and excellent selection from Ohio. Among judges of
horses, too, in the different classes, are the following gentlemen from this State: George
Crane, Cincinnati; Andrew Fulton, Ripley; Wm. H. Ladd, Richmond, and Peter Melendy,
Mount Healthy. Furthermore, Mr. Butterfield, of this city, is among the judges of carriages,
buggies, &c; Wm. Dodd is among the judges of hats, caps, &c ; A. H. Ernst and Dr. J. A.
Warder, are among the judges of flowers; and our staid old fellow citizens, N. Longworth
and Robert Buchanan, are among the judges of Kentuckv wine, crab cider, roast ham, Bour-
bon pound cake, and sundry other good and substantial things. Happy gentlemen !

Among the great variety of premiums which we have not particularized, are several for
Essays in Agricultural Literature, amounting in the aggregate to 1300. The fine arts are
represented in the list also, and premiums, aggregating about $200, offered for paintings,
crayons and drawings, and designs in rural architecture.

All this shows a liberal spirit, and sound judgment. There is hardly any thing in the fields
of mechanical skill and agricultural industry and enterprise, which is not embraced in the
comprehensive Premium List, of which our abstract, long as it is, presents but a faint reflec-
tion. The Fair will doubtless be one of the grandest ever held on this continent, and thou-
sands of our citizens will in all probability make their arrangements to attend it.

A new Agricultural Journal, of the largest size and most comprehensive scope, we observe
is soon to be started in Kentucky, under the auspices of the State Society, whose organ it is to
be. At the head of this, we understand, is to be placed our former fellow citizen W. D. Gal-
lagher — the Board of Directors having selected him for the post of Editor. The publishers
are to be James P. Hull & Co., of Louisville.

The President of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, is Mr. Brutus J. Clay, of Bour-
bon county, and the Corresponding Secietary is Mr. Robert W. Scott, of Franklin county —
two of the best men and best farmers in the country. — Cincinnati Ohio Paper.

KENTUCKY STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

PREPARATION FOR THe FAIR.

A few clays since we made a run to Paris to see the preparation now making for the first
exhibition of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society. About eight acres of land have been
purchased and brought within the enclosure of the Paris show grounds. This admits of ma-
terial improvement in the arrangement of the grounds and buildings. The President of the
State Society and other members of the Executive Committee have for several weeks past
devoted almost their entire time to the improvement of the grounds and the erection of build-
ings for the accommodation of stock and for the protection of every article that may be offer-
ed for exhibition.

There is one feature that universally prevails at the exhibitions in Kentucky that we have
always been opposed to, and have made no little effort to improve. We refer to the custom
of setting apart each day tor the exhibition of a certain class of animals or articles, and not
requiring the exhibitors to introduce them until the day appointed for their exhibition, and then
permitting them to be withdrawn as soon as the judges have declared the awards upon the par-
ticular class exhibited; but we are gratified to learn that the State Society, at its first exhibi-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 59

tion, is about to abandon this prevailing custom, and adopt a plan that can but give universal
satisfaction to the exhibitors as well as to visitors, and which will add matenally to the pecu-
niary interest of the society. In order to carry out this plan perfectly, ample accommodations
will be provided for the protection of every thing to be exhibited, and these will be required to
be brought in before the opening of the fair, and must remain in their places until its close,
except, we believe, live stock.

In order to carry out this plan perfectly, a large octagon building. 80 feet in width, with a
gallery entirely around it for the exhibition of every variety of manufactured articles, do-
mestic fabrics, &c, &c. In the gallery the more delicate articles will be displayed, including
all the specimens of the fine arts, &c. The centre of the roof is terminated with a dome, or
skylight, supported by a large pillar. This pillar, and those supporting the gallery, are to be
entwined and ornamented with vines and wreaths of flowers, evergreens, &c. From the pillar
to the galleries cords are to be stretched, upon which blankets, quilts, and other specimens of
the skill and industry of Kentucky's fair daughters are to be hung, where they can be exam-
ined and admired during the entire five days of the exhibition. Around the outside of this
building conveniences will be provided for the display of the coarser articles and implements
that may be offered.

East of this building is to be erected " Mechanics," one hundred feet or more in length,
which is to be provided with a splendid steam engine which is to be kept constantly in motion
for the trial of every kind of machine requiting power. Many other improvements have
been aiade in the grounds which we have Dot time now to specify.

In order to increase the facility for conveying passengers on the Railroad, a double track is
to be laid from Paris to the grounds, upon which the cars will be kept constantly running.
Accommodation trains are also to run to Lexington, Cynthiana, and intermediate points,
where those who choose may go to spend the night and return again in the morning.

Paris Hotel. — The clever proprietors of this favorite hotel, whose hearts and hands are ever
extended for the accommodation of their friends, have made large additions and improve-
ments to the house in order to afford accommodations to all who desire a pleasant stopping
place during the fair. They have added to their large dining room between fifty and sixty
feet in length, and ten feet in width, and increased the number of their lodging rooms in pro-
portion.

We feel greatly encouraged at the prospects of a grand display at the first exibition of the
State Society. The Messrs. Clay, Lyle, Mitchell, Garrard, and S. H. Clay, members of the
Executive Committee, are entitled to great credit for time, care and skill they have bestow-
ed in preparing for this occasion. We hope that every Mechanic, Farmer and Artisan who
can add any thing to the display, will be there, and those who have nothing to exhibit, will
take their wives, daughters and sons to see what others have brought. — Western Farm Jour.

KENTUCKY STATE FAIR.
The first Kentucky State Fair, so far as the exhibition was concerned was a triumph, but
the cold weather kept the people away; and the probabilities are that the Society's Treasury
is any thing but flush. The attendance from Ohio was large, numbering several hundred
persons. Nearly all who read the Farmer are aware that the Fairs of the Kentucky people
are confined mainly to the exhibition of fine stock — Shorthorn Cattle, " Kentucky" Horses,
Long Wooled Sheep, enormous Hogs, and gigantic Jacks and mules abound; while Mechan-
ical implements, and all the ten thousand little things that make up Fairs in Ohio and the
Yankee States, are missing But for Durham Cattle, we will risk Kentucky against all the
world. The aged bulls on exhibition were not very extraordinary, but in aged cows and the
younger stock of both sexes, we have no doubt the show surpassed the recent Royal show at
Chelmsford, or any that England can make- In short, Kentucky beats England in Shorthorn
Cattle. To get a first, or even a tenth premium in some rings we saw exhibited, was a high
honor to any animal or breeder. In horses and mules, Kentucky is justly distinguished.
The premiums awarded, we will give at length in our next issue — we have no room for them
now. Ohio was well represented in the Mechanical Department. Scott & Hedges, exhibited
the Little Giant Corn and Cob Mill; " Crescent Mill" for corn meal — Portable Steam Engine,
made at Newark. Corn Sheller, Steaming Machine, &.c. — John L. Gill, of Columbus. Plows
and Cultivator. Warder, Brokaw & Childs, of Springfield, Mower and Drills. Miller, and
other Cincinnati men, had plows, &.c. While Miller &. Wingate, of Louisville, Ky., had on
exhibition plows, corn shelters, corn cutters, &c, &c. The only Ohio stock we saw, was
Wilson's shorthorn bull, Lord Eglinton, and P. & L. Melendy's champion Black Hawk Horse.
The great amphitheatre was capable of seating all the people the first two days of the Fair,
the weather the last two days, was more pleasant, and it was probably jammed. The Hall for
Domestic Manufactures is a gem, a Crystal Palace. It is circular, 80 feet in diameter, two
stories high, or rather the second floor is a gallery all round except where the staiis go up.
This was filled with fruits, flowers, vegetables, pictures, quilts, needle work, &c, and all
nicely arranged. But we have neither time nor room for details, and will add only, that there
are two features of Kertucky Fairs that ought to be adopted in all State and County Fairs —
the amphitheatre and those hospitable, delicious Kentucky dinners. It is great pleasure to

60 REPORT OF THE

see, but to see comfortably, one must be seated comfortably. We tested th'13 on a small scale
at our recent Fair. Kentuckians have family dinners on the Fair Grounds — where every
body is asked to partake. They are glorious dinners, admirably cooked, all cold too, besides,
except the hospitality and the coffee, but none the wcse for that. Why can we not adopt
this method at County Fairs in Ohio ? On Thursday Gov. Morehead delivered an address on
Agriculture. The attendance of prominent strangers from abroad was large. We never visit
Kentucky without pleasure, never without seeing much to admire — this was particularly true
of our visit to the recent fair. — Ohio Farmer.

THE STATE FAIR.

We thank our intelligent and considerate friend, says the Frankfort Commonwealth, for the
following letter :

Paris, September 30, 1856.

Mr Editor : Notwithstanding the very cool weather, the Fair has progressed to the close
of the first day, most satisfactorily. The exhibition of stock has, thus far, been conceded to
be the best ever held in the United States. Gentlemen from the East and North speak of it
in terms of the hiqhest admiration. One of the rings for fine cattle went as high as thirty
head, and all were large, and all the animals fine. A great number of sheep and hogs were
also on exhibition, and many of them were remarkably fine.

The large new Industrial Hall will be thrown open on to morrow, for the inspection of vis-
itors, and will present a large amount and variety of objects of great interest. It has already
attracted great observation.

In the department of agricultural implements, also, a great amount and variety aie already
presented, from steam engines for farming purposes down to the most common implement.

Harmony and decorum prevailed in all departments, and the most cordial hopitaiity and good
feeling are the order of the day.

Visitors are present from all the neighboring, and some remote States, but all have been
provided with comfortable accommodations; and by running two trains each way daily, to
Lexington and Covington, there is no fear but all who choose to attend will find pleasant and
hospitable quarters, and every person who can, should aid and participate in the general en-
joyment.

The young ladies and gentlemen are having also a fine time, with hops, parties, theatrical
performances, &c.

Large crowds and fine shows are expected for the remaining days of the Fair, which will
conclude on Saturday.

As vou could not be here in person, I drop vou this hasty sketch, and remain,

Yours, &c, A FRIEND.

KENTUCKY CATTLE AS SEEN FROM ABROAD.

In our notice of the Kentucky State Fair, published in a late number of the Farm Journal'
we referred incidentally to the admiration excited in the minds of intelligent breeders from
other States, by the superb Short horned cattle exhibited on that occasion. Gentlemen from
New York. Pennsylvania. Virginia and Ohio, who have seen many cattle shows in different
parts of the world, did not hesitate to say, as the premium animals passed around the circle
in grand cavalcade at the close of each of the hist three days, that their eyes had never be-
held such a sight before. Among the members of the Agricultural press present at the State
Fair, was the well informed editor of the Ohio Farmer — a gentleman of much observation,
who has the good luck to go everywhere and carry his tripod with him; and here is what, writ-
ing in a ferry-boat crossing the Ohio river, or in a railroad car going over the Allegheny
mountains to the National show at Philadelphia, he had to say about Kentucky Fairs and Ken-
tucky cattle, after his return from Bourbon :

"Nearly all who read the Farmer are aware that the Fairs of the Kentucky people are con-
fined mainly to the exhibition of fine stock. Short horned Cattle, 'Kentucky' Horses, Long-
wooled Sheep, enormous Hogs, and gigantic Jacks and Mules, abound; while Mechanical Im-
plements, and all the ten thousand little things that make up Fairs in Ohio and in the Yankee
States are missing. But for Durham Cattle, we will risk Kentucky against all the world. The
aged bulls on exhibition were not very extraordinary, but in aged cows and the younger stock
of both sexes, we have no doubt the show surpassed the recent Royal Show at Chelmsford, or
any that England can make. In short, Kentucky beats England in Short horn Cattle. To get
a first, or even a tenth premium in some rings we saw exhibited, was a high honor to any ani-
mal or breeder In horses and mules, Kentucky is justly distinguished."

Mr. S. P. Chapman, a very intelligent aud experienced cattle breeder from New York, whom
we had the pleasure of seeing a good deal of during the State Fair, writes as follows about
Kentucky Cattle, in a letter to the Rural New Yorker:

"The show of Short horns was probably the best exhibition ever made in the world. I never
saw anything like its equal, and several persons who have attended the English shows, assure

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 61

me that they never saw it equalled in that country. There were exhibited probably some two
hundred head, and in all this vast number, not a single animal could be selected as ordinary.
They were all entitled to a very high rank as first class animals. To give you a little idea of
their uniform excellence, I will mention one circumstance : I was honored as one of the judges
in this department. There were twenty-three cows shown iu the ring. We concluded to send
the best to one side of the ring, in order to reduce the number to select the prize animals from.
When we had got around, we found that we had sent across twenty one out of twenty-three
auirnalsL The competition was very close nearly all through; in some instances so close in-
deed thai a comparison of the animals side by side could only decide their merits."

[Kentucky Paper,

FURTHER PROCEEDINGS OF DIRECTORS IN 1856.

At the meeting at President Clay's, May 30th, 1856, the Secretary
was directed to print and distribute 5,000 copies of the Premium List,
and 1,000 copies of the poster, or hand-bill of the fair.

The President was directed to draw upon the Treasurer of State for
the annual appropriation of $5,000.

The Corresponding Secretary was instructed to address a Circular to
County Agricultural and Mechanical Associations in Kentucky, and
others, requesting a history of their societies, and other information,
statistics, &c.

The Western Farm Journal, a weekly Agricultural paper, of sixteen
quarto pages, published in Louisville, by Jas. P. Hull & Co., was again
recommended to the patronage of the community, and was recognised
as the organ of the Society.

The officers of the County Societies were requested to promote and
increase the membership of the State Society.

The President reported the official bonds of the Treasurer and Sec-
retary, which were approved.

At various meetings of the Directors during the Fair, besides sever-
al acts in relation to it, the Corresponding Secretary was authorized to
expend $50 in the preparation of the Agricultural Room of the Society
in Frankfort.

The Corresponding Secretary was directed to distribute not over
1.500 copies of the Western Farm Journal, which contain the report of
the first Kentucky State Fair, and Gov. Morehead's address at the
same, to the several members, exhibitors, &c, which was done.

62 REPORT OF THE

At a meeting 1 of the Directors at the house of the Corresponding Sec-
retary, Dec. 3, 1856, the Treasurer presented his account, showing the
receipt of eleven thousand and sixty-two dollars and sixteen cents b} T
him, ($11,062 16,) and also his payment or expenditure of eleven
thousand three hundred and thirty-four dollars and five cents, ($1,1,334
05,) and a committee was appointed to examine the same, and report
to the Board.

The Recording Secretary was allowed $300, and the Treasurer $200,
as compensation for their services for the year 1856.

The Corresponding Secretary was authorized to contract with Col.
A. G. Hodges, for the printing of 1,000 copies of the Annual Report
of the State Society, if the same could be prudently accomplished.

The Board proceeded to make the following settlement with the
committee of the Bourbon County Agricultural Society, in relation to
the improvements which had been made on their grounds by the State
Agricultural Society:

BOURBON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY,

To Kentucky State Agricultural Society,
debits.
For Floral Hall erected on your grounds, at coutract cost, ... $2,000 00

For 208 Srock Stalls erected, at cost, 1,32500

For two offices built, at cost, - - - - 143 00

Total amount expended by State Society and left on your grounds, - - $3,463 00

The State Society had the use of these buildings, and if they were torn down
and the raw material was worth, and could only be sold for $1,156, or
one third of the whole cost of the buildings, and the Bourbon County So-
ciety was therefore properly chargeable with that amount, say, - - $1,156 00

These buildings were made in a more permanent manner than was needed for
the temporary use of the State Society, and the Bourbon County Society
was chargeable with that extra expense which will enure to her, estima-
ted at 300 00

The Bourbon County Society received for the sale of 55 stalls which were
erected by the State Society, the sum of $365 89, with which she is chargea-
ble, say 365 89

Total due by the Bourbon County Society to the State Agricultural Society

for improvements, .......... $1,821 89

CREOITS.

By cash paid the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, by B. J. Clay,
for the Bourbon County Agricultural Society, as shown in Treas-
urer's Report, - - ..... $940 00

By rent of eij^ht acres of land, bought by the Bourbon County Agricul-
tural Society after the location of the Fair, and applied to the use
of the State Agricultural Society, 100 00

Balance then due the State Society, by the Bourbon County Society,

This balance was paid in the following manner, viz: —
Balance due W. W Mitchell, Treasurer, 1856,
Salary due the Treasurer, W. W. Mitchell,
Salary due W. C. Lyle, for 1856,

$781 89

- $281 89
200 00
300 00

$781 89

STATE AGRICULTURAL S0CIE1Y.

Which was paid by the Bourbon County Agricultural Society to the State Agricultural So-
ciety in full for all the improvements of the State Society left on the Fair grounds of the
Bourbon County Society.

Votes of thanks to some of the officers and assistants, were adopted, &.c

TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 18*6.

W. VV. MITCHELL, TREASURER.

DEBITS.

To cash received of T. S. Page, Auditor, .....

To cash received for Annual Membership, - - -

Life Membership, ......

Tickets sold, .......

Hack License, - .....

Show License, .......

Auctioneers' License,

Soda Fountain, -------

McLain, for Booth Rent, -

Porter, lor Booth Rent, .....

Ransen, for Booth Rent, .....

Nix, for Booth Rent,

Baruhill, difference in premiums,

Brent, difference in premiums, - - - -

W. W. Furman, difference in premiums,

Thos. J. Grimes, difference in premiums,

N. Spears, difference in premiums,

C. T. Garrard, difference in premiums,

P. J. Seamands, difference in premiums,

H. F. Cromwell, difference in premiums,

J. H. Chiles, difference in premiums, -

J. A. Humphries, difference in premiums, -

R. W. Scott, difference in premiums,

R. Talbott, for grain sold, -

Same, for grain sold, .....

Logan, for grain sold, .....

B. J. Cla}', for premiums, -----

For one silver Cup, ------

For three Silver Cups, ------

S. H. Clay, for Corn, ------

Deposit Bank, interest on Deposits,

S. H. Clay, for Corn sold, •

Hughes & Cheshire, for Booth Rent, -

Advanced by Bourbon County Agricultural Society, for sale of stalls,

CREDITS

By counterfeit money, May 23, of P. Swigert, -
By Cash paid, June 10, for Postage Stamps,
June 23, Hughes &, Cheshire,
June 30, same, - - - .
July 4, same, -
July 7, John McMurtry, -
July 7, J. VV. Ingles, -
July 10, Hughes k Cheshire,

Amount carried forward,

$5,000

1,7H5

1 no

2,419

188 00

2 00

940

$11,052

$ 5

583

150

500

III)

200

$1,568 80

REPORT OF THE

H.C.

Amount brought forward , ------

By Cash paid, July II), for Memorandum Book,
July 22, A. G. Hodges & Co., -
July 24, Hughes & Cheshire, ..'"...'.
July 28, Hughes & Cheshire, -
July 31, same, -------

August 4, Pat Kellar,

August 4, Pat Sullivan, -

August 4, Pat Gary,

August 4, T. Shaw,

August 25, W. C. Lyle, -
September 15, J. W. Ingles, -
September 16, S. M. Hibler, renting booths,
September 19, Adams' Express Company, -
September 22, C. Clay, to pay for cedar, -
September 22, freight on box per W. C. L.,
September 22, drayage to Fair Grounds, - ' -
September 23, Hughes & Cheshire, -
September 24, Drayman, -
September 28, Moore, Wilstach, Keys & Co ,
September 29, J. W. Ingles, -
October 1, H. O. Rule, for one day's work, per S.
1 , Porter, - - -

1, Premium on silver change, .,..:'..-
L, refunded T. Steele, gate fee, ... -

2, N. P. Rogers,

2, H. T. Duncan, for decorating hall,

2, refunded J. A. Jackson, gate fee,
t, Miss Johnson, premium, - ...
1, Hull & Co., per R. W. Scott, ....

1, Band at Floral Hall, per S- H. C., -

t, Mrs. Pendery, premium, - - - - -

1, H. Cromwell, premium, -----

I, D- Caldwell, sundjy premiums, -

I, Bedinger & McCormick, premium,

1, Miss Peck, premium, -----

t, John Giltner, two premiums, -
1, T J. Adams, three premiums, -
1, W. A. Bacon, premium, -----

1, Miller, Wingate & Co., premium,

1, George Rymel, premium, -----

I, M. M. Gass, premium, - ...

i, Mrs. W. Nunn, premium, -

1, E. L. Sherrard, premium, - -

1, J. Henderson, premium, .... -

1, James Rowe, premium, -•-.-..''-'-
1, Premium on Corn, ------

t, Miss Mary Kleizer, premium, -
i, Mrs. Sarah Skinner, premium, -
1, George White, premium, -

3, George, for work, -...-.
3, Boy, for mast, - - - - - -

3, T. J. Calloway, --....

3, T. Wilson, for oats, ------

3, L. B. Dawson, -------

5, L.B. Bedford,

3, Premium on Soda Fountain, -

a, A. Dawson, perS. H. C. Vo., - - ' -

3, Miss Davis, for making Rosettes for officers' badges

i, R. H. Haggard, for keeping tickets, -

3, R. M. Buckner, gate keeper, -

3, same, --------

3, J. T. Davis, Treasurer of Brass Band,
1, A Bashfordj gate keeper, -
7, R. Henton, gate keeper, -

October 7, W. F. Spears, ticket agent, -

October 7, for painting tub, -

October 1,
October 1.
October 1,
October 2,
October 2,
October 2,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 4,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 6,
October 7,
October 7,

1,568 80

286 75

12 00

140 00

385 00

17 50

5 50

4 14 80

15 90

41 85

75 00

3 00

10 00

5 00

1 00
15

410 00

70 62

160 00

2 00
10
50
25

125 00

8 00

2 00

100 00

32 00

00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2 00

00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00

3 00

2 00

2 00
6 00

29 25

55 00

25 00

5 00

1 00

3 50
25 00
15 00

2 00
200 00

12 00

25 00

1 25

Amount carried forward, - - $ 3,974 52

8TATK AGRI UulURAL SOCIETY.

Amount brought forward.
By Cash paid, October 7, Brown & Walker,

October 7, J. A. Logan,

October 7, G. Redman, premium,

October 7, refunded to W. Orr, -

October 7, Mrs. McAboy, premium,

October 7, J. V. Lovely,

Octooer 7, J. Hen ton, gate keeper,

October 7, J. W. Turner and son, gate keeper,

October 7, Mrs. G. L. Ray, premium, -

October 8, W. W. Mitchell, store account,

October 8, E. & D. Kinsey, premiums, ....

October 8, J. B Kennedy, premium, -

October 8, Mrs. Humphries, premium, ....

October 8, G. B. Lasby, gate keeper, -

October 8, David Perm, premium, -. .

October 8, T. Turner, gate keeper, - -

October 8, George W. Davis, account, -

October 9, Ray & Cormick, account; - -

October 9, J. Neely, ticket agent, -

October 9, discount on counterfeit money, -

October 9, J. W. Ingles, on account, -----

October 10, J. Kelly, for sprinkling ring, -

October 10, Mrs. B. J. Clay, premiums, -

October 10, J. VV. Ingles,

October 11, Dravage on hogshead to town,

October 11, E. P. Nix, - - ....

October 11, G. Reed, for self, A. Langston, A. Robinson, R. Lanj

ston, and J. Wilcox, Marshals,

October 11, J. K. Cottingham, per H. C, -

October 11, W. C. Lyle, account, -

October 13, O. H. Burbridge, premium, -..-..

October 14, Postage Stamps, -

October 14, Williams & Cassedy,

October 18, N. Spears, hauling water, ...

October 20, Mrs. J. Hutchcraft,. premium, -

October 20, Dan Barker, -

October 20, Wm. Hite, Marshal, -

October 21, M. Neff, premium, -

October 21, A. V. Bedford, premium,

October 21, John Horn, premium,

October 21, S. H. Clay, premium,

October 21, C. T. Garrard, on account,

October 21, Martin, -

October 22, R. Talbott,

October 22, H. O. Rule, per B. J. C, verbal order,

October 22, L.M. Gill, -

October 22, A. B. Eades, Marshal,

October 22, J. II . Ward, for strtw,

October 24, J. S. Matson, premium, -

October 25, H. T. Duncan, premium, -

October 25, Pat Kellar,

October 25, board of hi. T. Duncan's gardener,

October 25, M. Hutchison, premium,

October 28, Mrs. Mary Hughes, premium, -

October 29, P. S. Bush, premium,

October 31, Joel K. Lyle, premium, -

November 3, Isaac Williams,

Noveaiber 3, Mrs. D. Harp, premium,

November 6, A. V. Bedford, for corn,

November 12, R. P- Bourne, premium,

November 12, Postage, -

November 18, H. T. & J. C. Brent, -

November 21, Kelly & Forman,

November 21, R. Hutchcraft, premium,

November 26, Val. Hildreth, ....

December 1, S. H. Clay, -

Amount carried forward,

* 3,974 52
39 80
35 0(1

1 00
25

2 00
20 00
12 00
27 00

2 00

90 77

4,459 52

1 00

7 t
15 Of)

1 00
12 00
29 25

1 60
25 00

1 00
83 08

2 00
45 00

557 00

105 50

100 00
4 00
33 4t
6 00
66
74 56
74 50
3 00
30 00
12 00
3 00
3 00
29 00
2 00
65 00
8 50
10 00
6 25
35 75
5 00
5 00
10 00
5 00
5 00
4 00
2 00
2 00
2 00

1 00
18 50

2 0(»
81 25

3 00
f5

16 50

6 00

3 00

2 00
15 0!)

$ 10,241 62

66 REPORT OF THE

Amount brought forward, $10,241 62

By Cash paid, December 1, John O. Sprake, 10 00

December 1, H. Stotsenberg, 22 00

Deiwfciber 1, C. T. Garrard, on account, - 75 33

Deoe jober 1 , J K. Jameson, premium, ..... 1 00

Dec.'rr-: j>r 1, Wm. Wheat, 22 50

U. : . ■'. er 1, S. Maddox, premium, 2 00

December 1, B. J. Clay, 388 30

December 1, Hughes & Cheshire, balance in full, - - - 509 80

December 1, refunded to J. H. Moore, gate fees, ... l 50

$11,274 05
Amount of debits brought forward, ....... 11,052 16

By Cash paid, December 2, Moore, Wilstach, Kevs & Co., .... 20 45

December 2, Office rent, - 10 00

December 2, C. A. Noland, Clerk, 10 00

December 2, Thomas Patton, Clerk, 10 00

December 2, H. Turner, 10 00

Due Treasurer, 281 89

Amount allowed by Directory, - .... 200 00

$ 481 89

To Cash received December 10, of B. C. A. Society, 48189

W. W. MITCHELL, Treasurer.

The committee appointed to examine the Treasurer's Report, reported that it was sustained
by proper vouchers, and was correct.

REPORT OF THE CORRESPONDING SECRETARY.

As this report (which was made in writing at the meeting of the
State Agricultural Society, held in the Capitol January 14, 1857,) re-
lates to the proceedings of the Society for 1856, it will be inserted
here, extracted from the minutes, as follows :

REPORT OF THE CORRESPONDING SECRETARY OF THE KENTUCKY STATE
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Mr. President : Soon after my appointment, I caused to be printed and issued about three
hundred copies of a circular. One was sent to each member of the present Legislature of
(Kentucky, one to each of our Senators and Representatives in Congress, one to each of the
heads of Departments of the National Government, and many were also sent to intelligent
and public spirited gentlemen in various portions of this State.

One of these circulars was also sent to each of the County Agricultural and Mechanical
Societies in Kentucky.

One was also sent to the United States Agricultural Society, and one to each of the State
Agricultural Societies in the Union, so far as they could be ascertained; and one also to the
editors of a number of agricultural and political papers.

It is with grateful pleasure that I acknowledge the receipt of many evidences of cordial
sympathy and friendly cooperation in the noble and patriotic objects of this Society.

The intelligent and efficient Superintendent of the Patent Office is entitled to special ac-
knowledgment for books and seeds for distribution; among the latter, the seed of the Chinese

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 67

Suo-ar Cane, sixteen packages of which have been subdivided into many smaller packages,
and it, is desired to distribute them according to his directions, to all parts of this State.

We are also under obligation to the Secretaries of State Agricultural Societies, for the fol-
lowing copies of their reports, respectively, viz :

Ohio Agricultural Reports, 1851, 1852, 1853, and 1854—4 vols.

Transactions of Illinois State Agricultural Society for 1854 and 1855 — 1 vol.

Transactions of Michigan State Agricultural Society for 1853 — 1 vol.

Transactions of Connecticut State Agricultural Society for 1855 — 1 vol.

Tennessee Agricultural Bureau Report for 1855 and 1856—1 vol.

Patent Office Report for 1854 on Mechanics — 2 vols.

Andrews's Report on Colonial Trade for 1852 — 1 vol.

Kentucky Geological Survey for 1856 — 1 vol.

Indiana State Board of Agriculture for 1855 — 1 vol.

These volumes have been carefully placed in the room of the Society, and constitute the
nucleus of what it is hoped will become in time a large and valuable agricultural and scien-
tific library.

Specimen numbers of various agricultural papers have also been received; and we are un-
der special obligation for the regular receipt of the California Farmer, and for the Ohio Culti-
vator. These periodicals and papers, together with numerous advertisements of agricultural
works and machinery, are carefully preserved in our agricultural room, and attention is re-
spectfully requested to them.

Cases have been prepared to receive contributions of specimens, botanical or mineralogi-
cal, and in due time it is hoped all these objects will be largely increased by contributions
from our members of Congress, of our members of the Legislature, and from the members
and friends of the Society in all parts of the Commonwealth.

During the past year, also, several other circulars and divers publications have been issued
through our agricultural and political papers, the object of which has been to iucrease the
membership of the Society, open correspondence and intercourse with all kindred associa-
tions at home and abroad, and to extend the benefits of the Society to every section of the
State. The valuable assistance of our agricultural and political press is cordially acknow-
ledged and gratefully remembered.

It has been specially desired to open correspondence with and to engage the friendly co-
operation of all the Agricultural and Mechanical Societies which have been heretofore or-
ganized in this State, and circulars inviting the same have been sent to all such Societies. It
is a cause of congratulation to acknowledge generally their concurrence, and it is hoped in
future to receive the cordial and prompt interchange of all communications and reports with
each and every such Society in the State.

Chiefly through the columns of the Western Farm Journal, I have received the reports of
the following County Fairs in Kentucky, held for the distribution of premiums during the fall
of 1856, viz :

Bourbon County Agricultural Society, held near Paris; has held twenty-one fairs; grounds
contain twenty-eight acres; amphitheatre one hundred and eighty feet in diameter; three hun-
dred stalls, &c; a cottage, an industrial hall, two stories high and eighty feet in diameter, and
offices. B. J. Clay, President, and W. C. Lyle, Secretary. Post Poffiee, Paris. Held the State
Fair in 1856.

Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association, located at Lexington; has held seven
fairs; grounds contain fifty two acres, a cottage, amphitheatre two hundred and ten feet in
diameter, stables, and several offices, &c. B. Gratz, President, and E. Milton, Secretary.
Post office, Lexington. Offered in premiums, in 1856, $1,632. Held their Fair September
9th to 13th.

Southwestern Agricultural and Mechanical Association, Louisville; has held four fairs ;
grounds contain forty three acres, amphitheatre two hundred feet in diameter, two hundred
stalls, cottage, offices, &c. G. Hancock, President, and H. Brent, Secretary. Amount of
premiums off.red in 1856, $3,229. Fairs held October 14th to 19th.

68 REPORT OF THE

Central Kentucky Stock, Agricultural and Mechanical Association, Danville; has held five
fairs; grounds contain twenty acres, cottage, stalls, offices, &c. James Hopkins, President,
and J. B. Aikin, Secretary. Post office, Danville. Amount of premiums offered in 1856,
$955. Fair held September 16th to 19th.

Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association, Eminence; has held six fairs; grounds
contain — acres; has amphitheatre, cottage, stalls, offices, &c. R. Mallory, President, W. S.
Helm, Secretary. Post office, Lagrange and Eminence. Amount of premiums offered in
1856, $1,450. Fair held October 7th to 10th.

Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association of Mason and Bracken Counties, held near
Germantown; has had three fairs; has twelve acres of ground, an amphitheatre, eighty stalls,
cottage, offices, &c. A. H. Wall, President, J. A. Kackley, Secretary. Premiums in 1856,
$1,200. Fair held September 23d to 26th.

Henderson, Hopkins, and Union Agricultural and Horticultural, Mechanical and Scientific
Association, held near Henderson; has had one fair; grounds contain 27 acres; amphitheatre
200 feet in diameter; cottage; 100 stalls, &c. A.J. Anderson, President, and C.Powell, Sec-
retary. Premiums in 1856, $1,363. Fair held October 14th to 17th.

Harrison County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, held near Cyntbiana; ha3 had
one fair; grounds contain 18 acres; amphitheatre 225 feet in diameter; 100 stalls; cottage,
offices, &c. L. Desha, President, and A. H. Ward, Secretary. Premiums offered in 1856,
$1,156. Fair held September 16th to 19th.

Warren County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, near Bowiiuggreen; has had three
fairs; ^rounds contain 12 acres; amphitheatre for 5,000 persons, pavilion, &c. W. Dulaney,
President; F. C. Hen ick, Secretary. Amount of premiums in 1856, $1,045. Fair held Oct.
8th to 10th.
■ Springfield Union Agricultural and Mechanical Associotion, near Springfield; has had two
fairs; grounds contain 13 acres: amphiteatre 140 feet in the clear; 100 stalls, offices, &c. E.
L. Davidson, President; J. R. Hughes, Secretary. Post Office, Springfield. Premiums in
1856, $785. Fair held October 7th to 10th.

North Kentucky Agricultural Society, located near Florence, has bad two fairs, grounds
contain, &c, (not reported.) J. H. Walton, President; W. H. Buckner, Secretary. Amount
of premiums offered in 1856, 81,550. Fair held October 7th to 12th.

Crab Orchard, located at Crab Orchard; has held two fairs; grounds contain 12 acres; am-
phitheatre, &c. S. Middleton, President, and Hiram Roberts, Secretary Amount of premi-
ums not ascertained. Fair held September 2d to 5th.

Lcgan County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, located near Russellville; has
held three fairs. The fair for 1856, was held September 30th to October 2d. Other particu-
lars not ascertained.

Clarke County Stock Improving Association, located near Winchester, has held one fair.
J. H. Bush, President; W. Winn, Secretary. Post office, Winchester. Fair held August 29th
to 30th. Other facts not ascertained.

Fulton County Agricultural Society, held one fair October 14th to 16th, 1856. Other facts
not ascertained.

South Western Agricultural and Mechanical Association at Paducah, has held four fairs;
that of 1856 on the 2 2d and 23d of October. Other facts not ascertained.

Nelson County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, located near Bardstown, held one
fair in 1856, in November, three days. Other facts not ascertained.

Christian County Agricultural Society. Thomas Green, President, Isaac Lewis Secretary.
This society held a fair in the fall of 1»56.

Mechanics' Institute, Louisville, has held several exhibitions, and one of many days dura-
tion in 1856. I have not had any report of them.

Kentucky Horse Fair, held near Louisville, under the superintendency of the South-West-
ern Agricultural and Mechanical Association, June 10th to 18th, and distributed $2,500 in
premiums.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 69

Kentucky Horticultural Society, of Louisville, has existed several years, but I have not
been able to obtain definite information concerning it.

The above, and all other Agricultural, Horticultural and Mechanical Associations in Ken-
tucky, will oblige me bv sending to me all their reports and publications, so that complete infor-
mation concerning them may be given in the printed report of the State Agricultural Society.

In all of those communications, the Western Farm Journal, the organ of the Society, was
found 10 render valuable assistance, and a number of it which contained a report of the State
Fair, was sent by me to each State Agricultural Society, to each County Agricultural and
Mechanical Society in Kentucky, one to each member of the present Legislature, one to each
member of Congress from Kentucky, and also to a number of editors of agricultural and po-
litical papers.

It was with just pride and satisfaction that our beloved State, by the incorporation and en-
dowment of her State Agricultural Society, has taken at length her proper position among
her sister States in the noble cause of developing and improving her agriculture, which, with
the arts connected with it, is the only true basis of all real prosperity and wealth, and her
proud and patriotic citizens can no longer be reproached with being behind their brethren of
sister States in the march of agricultural and mechanical improvement.

The recent Fair of our State Agricultural Society was honored by the presence of a number
of zealous friends of agricultural improvement from other States — gentlemen of the greatest
intelligence, many of whom had witnessed similar exhibitions not only in America, but also
in Europe — who bore willing testimony to the complete success of this, our first State Fair,
in all of its departments, and especially in horses and cattle. It is hoped that our agricultur
al friends from sister States may be welcomed on many similar occasions, and that thus we
may promote our mutual improvement and cement the bonds of our common brotherhood.

1 he essays to which premiums have been awarded have not yet been returned to the Corres-
ponding Secretary for publication, but this results rather from the fact that each member of
the committee has to act separately, and then forward the essays to some other member of
the committee, than to any want of attention on the part of the committees. It is hoped that
they and the reports of the other officers may be presented during the annual meeting, and
then all of the materials will be readv to be arranged for the publication of our annual re
port. This will be a voluminous and highly interesting document, the general dissemination
and perusal of which cannot fail to exert a salutary influence on the Agriculture and Mechan-
ics of the State, by the diffusion of so much useful and practical information in all the vari
ous departments.

In consequence of there being no appropriation specially to meet the expense of publish-
ing, in book form, our report of the year's transactions, it has not been deemed advisable to
proceed with the publication of it until it be presented to the Legislature at their biennial
session, when we hope it will be printed, as other public documents, and distributed to each of
the members of the Society, &c. By that time it is hoped that the materials will be obtained
for a brief historical sketch of each of the Agricultural and Mechanical Associations which
now exist in Kentucky, and also of those pioneer institutions which have fulfilled their use-
fulness, and have passed from existence.

Since the last meeting of this Society, I have received a letter from the Hon. H. Marshall,
one of our representatives in Congress, asking the consideration of thi3 Society to the pro-
priety of the enactment of a law by Congress authorising the purchase of such seeds only by
the Agricultural Bureau as may be recommended from time to time by the State Agricultural
Societies.

My small account for postage and for stationery having been rendered to you on a former
occasion, Mr. President, and having been liquidated, I have only to return my grateful ac-
knowledgments for the kind and pleasant intercourse which I have had with the officers and
members of the Society, and to express myself amply compensated, if in some small degree
I have aided to promote our common cause of agricultural improvement.

ROBERT W. SCOTT, Cor. Sec'y.

REPORT OF THE

GOV. CHARLES S. MOREHEAD'S ADDRESS.

The invitation of the Directors to address the State Agricultural So-
ciety and the assemblage at its first Fair, was promptly and cordially
accepted by Governor Morehead. It was delivered at noon in the
amphitheatre on the second day of the Fair, to a large and attentive
assemblage ; and being in all respects an address of superior merit,
it was well received, and produced a salutary effect. The Directors
esteemed it of so much value that they caused one thousand copies of
it to be printed and published, in connection with the awards of
premiums.

It was received with much favor by the reading public, and its in-
sertion here is highly appropriate, and will be cordially received.

ADDRESS OF GOV. CHARLES S. MOREHEV.D, DELIVERED BEFORE THE
STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, PARIS, OCTOBER 1, 1856.

We have assembled for the first time as a State Agricultural Society, under
Legislative patronage, to endeavor to contribute in some degree to the improve-
ment of the greatest department of human employment.

The vast assembly around me, composed as it is chiefly of the most experi-
enced, enlightened, and practical farmers of our State, uniting an intimate knowl-
edge of the laws of productiveness with a just theory of their application, af-
fords the most gratifying evidence of the interest that is felt in agricultural im-
provement. The concentrated intelligence and experience of the cultivators of
the soil, cannot fail to impart to it new energy and increased development, I con-
gratulate you upon the brighter hopes and better prospects for the future indica-
ted by this first great assemblage of the State Society.

We have a country of which we may be justly proud, embracing a belt of the globe
extending from ocean to ocean, and aproaching North and South the limit of the
temperate zone ; comprising almost every variety of climate and soil, and abound-
ing in all the productions which can supply the wants, or add to the wealth, and
comfort, and prosperity of a nation. We have a wisely constructed government,
diffusing its blessings over this immense domain, like the gentle dews of heaven,
giving protection to life, liberty, and property. When it was formed, we had but
thirteen States, and a population of something over three millions of souls. We
have now thirty-one States, and territory enough to add more than as many
more, and our population is over twenty-five millions. But a little more than a
half century ago, our own State was comparatively a wilderness. It had long
been the theatre of sanguinary conflicts between the scattered groups of pioneers
and the wild men of the forest. The sites of the various rudely constructed pali-
sades and block-houses, called stations, are well known and pointed out to the pass-
ing traveler- Legendary tales of a marauding savage warfare are associated with
every spot the eye can rest upon. The rifle was the constant and almost indispensable
companion of the husbandman. It was carried to the field to protect the axe, the
hoe, and the plow. Never have human industry, and enterprise, and heroism

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 71

achieved a prouder triumph than in the settlement of Kentucky. When we be-
hold the country as it now is, in all its luxuriant beauty and high cultivation, and
contrast it with what it was so recently, it resembles more an oriental vision than
the sober realities of human experisnce. Persevering industry, unyielding la-
bor, and indomitable courage have triumphed over obstacles which seemed in-
surmountable. Behold now the beauty and exuberant fertility of the extraor-
dinary region of coutry, in the heart of which we are assembled; its green
pastures, with herds of stock unsurpassed any where in the civilized world in
beauty and value ; its well cultivated fields and neat and comfortable buildings;
and its woodlands carpeted with velvet of living green. We cannot avoid asso-
ciating with this picture, the human happiness which mingles with it. It is a
visible sign of comfort and peaceful enjoyment — of that secure and successful
industry which ensures its continuance. It unfolds to every eye images of health,
temperance, and plenty. Who is there, in the bright visions of human happiness
in which the imagination will sometimes indulge, who has not sighed for its cool
shades as a retreat from the noise and bustle of the world, where the heart, in
obedience to its instincts, might find in the evening of life an unpolluted asylum.
Over such scenes religion cannot fail to shed its holy influence. It spreads its
sacred hue over the verdant hills, the smilin >■ valleys, the murmuring streams —
over all things, animate and inanimate. It exercises a blessed influence, steal-
ing upon the heart, softening the affections, soothing the passions, and breathing
the spirituality of its own divinity around every thing which the eye falls upon.
Our fathers had a wilderness and a savage enemy to sub lue, and they per-
formed their mission, and we are now in the enjoyment of the rich inheritance
they left. We are surrounded by blessings which, like the air we breathe, and
the water we drink, we scarcely take heed of. We have a salubrious crimate,
and a fertile soil. We find a ready and profitable market for all the products of
our industry. We are bounded on the North by that beautiful stream which
bears upon its placid bosom the commerce of eight States of our confederacy,
and our Western border is washed by the great Father of Waters. From the
point where we stand, we connect with a chain of railroads which, like a net-
work, cover the whole face of the country, giving us other markets in addition to
the mighty outlet provided by nature. We have exhaustless beds of iron and
coal, and other valuable minerals. The elements of wealth lie in profusion at
our feet. With occupations sufficiently diversified, we are essentially an agricul-
tural people. It is the basis and substratum of our whole prosperity. What-
ever can promote agricultural improvement, to that extent adds to the public
prosperity. It was the conviction of this truth which drew from Sir William
Jones the often quoted remark, that "he who makes two spears of grass grow
where but one grew before, is a public benefactor far in advance of the noblest
chieftains, who. aided by armies and the enginery of war, sack cities, carry con-
quest onward only to conquer, and subjugate and desolate kingdoms."

The triumphs of agriculture are the triumphs of civilization and of peace. The
Father of his country has pronounced it " the most healthy, the most indepen-
dent, and the most noble occupation of man " Independent, however, as it ac-
tually is, in furnishing within itself the means of necessary subsistence, it should
not be forgotten that there is a mutual dependence of almost every conceivable
form of human industry. There is no principle of antgonism, certainly, between
any. Agriculture and commerce, the mechanic arts and manufactures, impart,
vitality and vigor to each other. One cannot exist, in any degree of perfection,
without the others. The chase and the fisheries may yield something, but man
c uld not subsist in a civilized state without agriculture. It spreads the great
and bountiful table from which civilized man receives his daily bread. But with-
out the mechanic arts, the husbandman would be destitute of those agricultural
implements which are indispensable to replenish and subdue the earth. Without

72 REPORT OF THE

manufactures he would be deprived of fabrics of utility, convenience, and ele-
gance. Without commerce there could be no interchange of commodities, no
division of labor, no wealth, no improvement in the arts, no advancement in hu-
man society. These forms of labor occupy different departments, mutually de-
pendent one upon the other, and make up that circle of human industry which
imparts the highest energy and the largest amount of prosperity to a State. The
sister arts of industry sustain and support each other. They are bound in a
circle with a golden chain, and as they move in their path of light, do joint hom-
age to the jeweled diadem of honest labor.

In connection with this mutual dependence, it may not be inappropriate to al-
lude also to the dependence of the different countries of the earth upon each
other, and of the different parts of the same country. The beneficent creator. of
all good, has given to us the different climates of the world, with the mountains
and the plains, and the varieties of soils, with their vast variety of capabilities ;
thus indicating that the inhabitants of different climates are to labor for each other,
and, by the diffusive influence of an active commerce, supply to each other whatever
surplus of their productions might be needed or required. Some climates produce
the spice trees and the coffee plant ; others vines and oranges, the mulberry and
silk-worm ; others hemp and tobacco ; others sugar, cotton, and rice ; and others
again, corn and the esculent plants most needful for man. The best appropria-
tion of labor is, undoubtedly, that which is indicated by the climate and soil.
There is no more striking exemplification of this truth than that which our own
country affords. We have thirty-one sovereign States — not like the States of
Europe, barricaded by custom-houses, with police regulations bristleing around
the boundaries of each — but bound together by a Federal Constitution which se-
cures to the people of each State all the privileges of a citizen of every other.

By a provision of that constitution, the commerce between the States must for-
ever remain free and unshackled, subject alone to be regulated by a common
government. How far the interests of the grain growing and stock producing
States have been promoted by extending the cultivation of sugar, cotton, and rice,
may be inferred from the census of 1850, and the reports on the commerce and
navigation of the United States subsequently made to Congress. Cotton and to-
bacco constitute the great bulk of our exports of agricultural products. The
production of sugar does not yet equal our consumption of it, and we import,
leaving out fractions, four hundred and forty-five millions of pounds to make up
the deficiency. But of the cotton and tobacco produced in our country, something
more than two thirds is exported, while of all other agricultural products there
is less than one forty-sixth part exported. For the year 1853, which is the only
conveniently accessible table I have been able to lay my hands upon, the total
value of the cotton crop of the United States amounted to about $128,000,000,
of which we exported $109,456,404, leaving for domestic consumption alone,
$18,543,596. The value of the tobacco crop for the same year was $19,900,000,
of which we exported $11,319,319. The value of all other agricultural pro-
ductions, comprising cattle and their products, horses and mules, sheep and wool,
hogs and their products. Indian corn and meal, wheat, flour and biscuit, rye meal,
other grains, and peas and beans, potatoes, hay, hemp, cane and maple sugar and
rice, amounting to the aggregate sum of $1,551,176,490, out of which vast
amount we exported only $33,809,126. Foreign nations, generally speaking,
can grow their own provisions, but cannot produce cotton and tobacco. The in-
crease of cities, and mechanics and manufactures at the North, and the constant
expansion in the cultivation of the great Southern staple, have augmented and
must continue to augment the markets for provisions, and promote the prosperity
of all the grain growing States. Of the one hundred and nine millions of cotton
exported, it is not practicable to assign the portion which should be credited to
the country lying north of the cotton region. The mules and horses, pork and

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 73

bacon, coarse cottons, linseys and jeans, bagging and rope, plows and other ag-
ricultural implements from the West, and boots, shoes, and hats, gins and ma-
chinery from the East, constitute really a portion of no inconsiderable amount of
this large export. As the grazing and grain growing States increase their sur-
plus productions, the planter is enabled, by being measurably relieved from rais-
ing food, to extend the culture of cotton. Our exports are thus increased, our
foreign commerce enlarged, our home market extended, and the wealth of the
nation in every way promoted.

These several interests are sustained by each, other, and act as reciprocal ele-
ments of expansion. Suppose, by any political convulsion, the planters should
be forced to raise their provisions and draught animals, and to supply all the ne-
cessary clothing for their slaves. It is apparent that the export of cotton would
be greatly diminished, if not cease altogether. The lands of the cotton States,
with the amount of labor now there, could be made to yield but little more than
would subsist their own population, and supply the cotton now demanded by our
own country. If this be so, and I have seen such an estimate made by those
best .informed on this subject, the surplus of cotton to the value of one hundred
millions, now annually sent abroad, stands as the representative of the yearly
supplies of every kind received from the industry north of the cotton line. We
thus perceive the reciprocal dependence of the different sections of our confedera-
cy. There is no ground for jealousy or mutual strife when these interests are
understood and properly appreciated. Paralize the industry of any one section
of this great country, and with the rapidity of the electric shock its influence will
be deeply and sensibly felt by every other section. Indeed the interests of all
commercial countries are so blended that we listen with eager anxiety to the news
of good or bad crops every where. The cotton planter feels as much interest
about a wet or a dry harvest in England as the English farmer himself does ; and,
on the other hand, England is quite as sensitive as to the prospect of the cotton
crop of America. To use the language of the London Economist, " The lives of
nearly two millions of our countrymen are dependent on the cotton crops of Ameri-
ca ; their destiny may be said, without any kind of hy perbole, to hang upon a
thread. Should a dire calamity befall the land of cotton, a thousand of our mer-
chant ships would rot idly in dock ; ten thousand mills must stop their busy looms ;
and two thousand thousand mouths would starve for lack of food to feed them."

Having thus given a rapid sketch of the mutual dependence of all forms of in-
dustry, and more particularly of the ligaments of mutual interest which now
unite the different sections of our own great confederacy, may I not be allowed to
pause for a moment to ask, where breathes the man who can raise the paricidal
arm to break the o-olden chain which now binds us together as one nation ? Not
in Kentucky, I am sure ; for if there is a spot in this wide domain of confedera-
ted States, where loyalty to the Union has become a holy sentiment of the heart,
it is among the farmers of Kentucky. Who can reason about a dissolution of
this Union, or what imagination paint its horrors ? If ever done, it will be in a
paroxism of frenzy, when reason has been dethroned, and madness rules the hour.
Whenever done, the gaunt demons of civil discord, and ambition, and anarchy,
will be unfettered and let loose amid the shrieks of liberty, to scatter desolation
and ruin over a smiling land.

But I have a deep conviction that God will preserve us for a nobler end than
this, and that the dark tide of fanaticism which now threatens to overwhelm us,
will be stayed in its destructive march by the sound sober sense and slumbering
patriotism of the American heart. Should we continue a united people, what
imagination can compass the wonders of improvement in all the arts and sciences,
including agriculture, the noblest of them all — in the half century which is to
follow. If we turn the telescope and look along the vista of the past, we may
behold the gross errors of even great minds, in the far distance, one by one fa-

74 REPORT OF THE

ding away as they approach the pedestal on which we stand. The dreams of the
alchemist have been followed by agricultural chemistry, opening up to all, the
wonders of vegetable physiology, the constituent elements of soils, and the laws
governing the earth's fertility.

Lord Bacon himself, the great founder of inductive philosophy, believed that
the work of converting the baser metals into gold could be accomplished, and,
while condemning the mode of procedure of the alchemists, undertook to give
his own. He believed upon the cutting down an old tree, " the stub hath put
out sometimes a tree of another kind, as that beech hath put forth birch;"
quaintly adding " that the cause may be, for that the old stub is too scanty of
juice to put forth the former tree, and therefore putteth forth a tree of a smaller
kind, that needeth less nourishment." Indeed, in our own day, in a work enti-
tled " Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation," it is stated as a fact for phi-
losophical investigation, that "whenever oats, sown at the usual time, are kept
cropped down during summer and autumn, and allowed to remain over the win-
ter, a thin crop of rye is the harvest presented at the close of the ensuing sum-
mer." But notwithstanding occasional aberrations which will always attend the
investigations of the laws of nature, and which are soon corrected in the pro-
gress of science, the wonderful advancement in the useful arts and sciences, dur-
ing the half century which has passed, entitle it to the claim of the age of im-
provement. The profound thoughts and the sublime discoveries of a single
great intellect speedily work their way into the channel of the popular mind, and
exert their genial influence upon all the common affairs of life. The names of
Watt and Fulton are identified with the wonders of the steam engine, and their
great thoughts have traveled from the heights of philosophy to the humblest walks
of life. The names of Davy and Liebig are known in connection with agricul-
tural science. While painfully bending over the retort and crucible to detect the
minutest atom of matter, they struck out great truths which have revolutionized
the agriculture of the civilized world. The student in his closet has often become
the great benefactor of mankind. The invention of the cotton gin by Whitney,
the humble teacher in the family of a Southern planter, has exerted more won-
derful influence on the agricultural and mechanical industry of the world, than
perhaps any other machine which ever came from the hands of man. Nothing
is more true than that the industry of thought and of the intellect can alone give
impulse to the industry of the hand. Would you have the highest perfection to
which the industry of the people can attain, you must necessarily mingle with it,
to a greater or less degree, the elements eliminated in the closet of the student.
A wise community will therefore insist on the highest grade of education, to turn
out, if it be only occasionally and at long intervals, philosophers and men of
science exclusively devoted to thought, observation, and experiment, and the
best if not the only means of any radical improvement in the arts of daily ap-
plication, and which will come home to the fireside of the farmer and working
man.

If it be true, and no one who will reflect can doubt it, how transcendently im-
portant is it that those engaged in agriculture should be so educated in their pro-
fession as to receive the full benefit of whatever improvements science may de-
velope. I do not speak here of the education imparted by the schoolmaster alone,
in the morning of life. That does but little more than teach the mind how to use
its latent faculties. What is actually learned at school is only the foundation for
the future superstructure, which the ever active and restless intellect, when once
aroused, is to build for itself. The real education of life begins when the educa-
tion of the school is finished. The constant intercourse of vigorous minds di-
rected into the same general channels of thought; the collision and sympathy of
intellect in the pursuit of a I'ommon object; and the inspiring emulation in a noble
rivalry to excel, cannot but have the effect of multiplying experience and propa-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 75

gating the gathered treasures of knowledge by the mutual action and reaction of
all the minds engaged in the same pursuit. It is in this way that agricultural
societies have become the nurseries and schools for the science and practice of
agriculture. When wisely and properly conducted, there is perhaps no other
medium of diffusing knowledge, and exciting inquiry and investigation so effective
as this. Here are collected the finest and most valuable of all the domestic ani-
mals; the most luxuriant and beautiful plants, vegetables and flowers which the
season has produced; and here is shown the operation of mind upon the materials
of nature, in the greatest perfection, utility, and beauty.

Profoundly impressed with the importance and value of such an agency for the
advancement of the agriculture of our State, I felt it my duty, as its chief executive
officer, to direct the attention of the Legislature to the subject in my annual mes-
sage, and invoke that aid and patronage demanded by the magnitude of the in-
terests involved. A response was given not unworthy of the representatives of
the great agricultural State of Kentucky, and we are now assembled under new
and, 1 trust, more flattering auspices than have heretofore characterized the ef-
forts in the cause of agricultural improvement. It is but natural that I should
feei more than ordinary interest in the success of the great experiment this day
inaugurated. Would that I felt competent to aid you in the development of
the practical plans of improvement of that great interest which lies so near to
the hearts of us all. But I am relieved by the knowledge that the subject is in
hands of the most enlightened and experienced farmers of Kentucky — men dis-
posed alike to adopt the suggestions of wisdom and to avoid the rashness of mere
innovation. Your object is not merely to exhibit to the admiring gaze of this
vast and eager audience your superior animals, the various products of your in-
dustry and skill, or the beauriful handiwork of your fair daughters. It is to take
one step forward in the march of agricultural improvement to diffuse a knowledge
of the best implements of husbandry — to teach the best methods of cultivation —
to find out the constituent elements of our various soils, and to make all matters
of interest to the farmer subjects of investigation, inquiry, comparison, and ex-
citement. Agriculture is science and art combined. The great object you have
in view is to find out the best method of producing the largest yield from mother
earth, with the least amount of labor, and with the least impoverishment of the
soil. If science does not teach how to cultivate the earth without abstracting
some of the elements necessary to the production of particular plants, it shows
us the best mode of restoring those elements, and of supplying others which may
be necessary for increased fertility. Before any given manure is applied, we must
know the constituent elements of the soil — their relative proportions — the ele-
ments and organization of the plants to be grown upon it, and the adaptation of
the soil to the plant. Modern chemistry has directed its analytical researches to
the structure and composition of plants, to the apparatus of vegetable life, to "the
organs by which they derive nourishment from particular elements of the earth,
and to the process of assimulating the supplies thus obtained to their support and
growth. It thus becomes important to know the elementary parts of the plant to
be grown, and whether the soil contains these elements in sufficient abundance to
give the largest production.

The progress of chemical science in its application to the vegetable world and
and the analysis of soils, showing as it does the close analogy between vegetable
and animal life, the like necessity for wholesome and nutritious food as applicable
to each, and the consequent increase of this food to vegetables, by properly pre-
pared manures, combined with an improved process of cultivation, have already
increased the productive power of the earth in a ratio beyond any previous ex-
ample in the history of agriculture. The manure applied to the soil of England
alone amounts annually in value to three hundred millions of dollars, producing
a degree of fertility far beyond that of our richest lands.

76 REPORT OF THE

In Kentucky we have done nothing more than reap the benefit arising from a
judicious rotation of crops, and the renovating influence of clover and grass.
This has been in a great degree owing to our ignorance of the constituent ele-
ments to be found in our soils. This Avill. in an eminent degree, be remedied by
the geological survey of the State, now in progress under the elightened patron-
age of our Legislature. The survey will be of immediate, direct and enduring
importance to the agricultural interests of the Commonwealth. Apart from the
exhaiistless mineral wealth which it will and has already developed, it will fur-
nish an accurate analysis of soils from every locality of the Slate. The soil,
subsoil, and strata will be analyzed, and all their constituent elements made known.
It will furnish data for tracing the natural manures, discriminating between the
pure and magnesian limestone — showing which of them possess the powerful ele-
ment of phosphorus, and Avhich are deficient — the strata which arc calcarous and
those which are gypseous, and all the essential elements in combination to pro-
duce the most prolific soil. I might multiply instances of the radical changes
which have been made in the whole face of a country by scientific geological in-
vestigations.

In the Netherlands, the results of geological science have converted the most
barren soil into fruitful fields. The drifted sands of Cape Cod have become beau-
ful green pastures. The marl region of New Jersey hae been enriched to an al-
most indefinite extent, and the exhausted, worn out farms of Eastern Virginia
have assumed anew livery under the benign influence of geological science. The
value of our geological survey, therefore, cannot be too highly estimated in the
influence which it is to exert on the agricultural industry of the State.

The business of your Association will be to disseminate the practical knowledge
to be thus gained, as well as that upon all other subjects connected with agricul-
ture. It is impossible for every farmer to make the practical tests and experi-
ments which are necessary to improve the soil, the mode of culture, or in the ap-
plication of the best implements of husbandry. This can only be done effective-
ly through the medium of this Society, and through such agency every improve-
ment will almost imperceptibly work its way into general adoption, and swell the
increasing tide of public prosperity.

But to place the future and permanent interests of agriculture upon a sure
basis, the rising generation of farmers must be educated for their profession —
they must be taught theoretically, as well as practically, everything pertaining to
successful husbandry — they must learn the science as well as the art of agricul-
ture. The proper mode of effecting this object, which is unversally conceded to
be of paramount importance, I cannot, in the time which I have allowed myself,
stop to discuss. No greater error was ever committed than that education, ex-
cept to a very limited extent, was unnecessary for those who intend to devote them-
selves to the pursuit of a farmer. I have attempted to show the range of science
which has been made tributary to the agricultural art. But besides that necessary
knowledge of his profession, the farmer stands in the centre of our great social
system, and is the granite basis of every other interest of the nation, and he must
take his part — always a prudent and efficient part — in the administration of public
affairs, and in all the duties of a citizen under our complex system of government,
and be prepared to add his contribution to the public service in every responsible
station where he can be most useful to his country. But if there be those — and
there are always many such — who cannot be induced to change the calm and se-
rene happiness of rural life for any public duties whatever, the cultivation of the
intellectual faculties in every stage of life constitutes the most rational and active
element of human enjoyment. An individual engaged in the daily routine and
bustle of business may relieve the tedium of weary moments by the ever varying
and shifting scenes which pass before him; but the farmer, in a greater degree
perhaps than any other pursuit in life, must draw from his own heart the hue

STATE AGRlCULTiIUL SO'JILTV. 77

which colors the web of his existence. He ought to be able to draw at pleasure
from the living fountains within, where have been gathered the treasures of knowl-
edge.

This generation will die and pass away, and our children must take up the great
work and keep pace with the progress of improvement of the age in which they
live. To aid in preparing them for the responsibilities which are soon to devolve
upon them, under the wise patronage of the Commonwealth, a system'of common
schools has been established, which is now in successful operation, and which will
compare favorably with those of any other State of the Union. We have more
than two hundred and twenty thousand children at school, and an ample fund ren-
dered sacred and dedicated by the Constitution to the cause of popular education.
In connection with, and as a part of the system, we have a Normal school, under
the direction of able and accomplished professors, where teachers, selected from
our own children, are prepared for the high dudes which are to devolve upon them,
and where the highest grade of education may be' obtained by all.

It should be the duty of every patriot by all the means in his pow r er to aid in
perpetuating this whole system by improving and rendering it more efficient with
each revolving year, until there shall not be one child in the Commonwealth des-
titute of the elements of a good education.

I congratulate you upon this condition of things, and especially do I congratu-
late you, with all the brightening hopes of the future before you, on being cultivators
of the soil. It is the noblest pursuit of man. According to the fanciful mytholo-
gy of the ancients, Ceres, the goddess of harvests, having failed in her attempt to
give immortality to Triptolemus, endowed him with the next most valuable gift
she had to bestow — the art of cultivating the earth. That divine art is yours —
you need not her celestial chariot drawn by dragons to carry your art to its high-
est perfection. You are Kentucky farmers, with a country unsurpassed in beauty
and fertility, already in a high state of cultivation. The land you cultivate is
your own. You are subject 10 no oppressive exactions. You are in the enjoy-
ment of unparalleled prosperity. The organic law under which you live guaran-
tees to you life, liberty and property. Every man worships God according to the
dictates of his own conscience, and may pour out the gratitude of his heart in any
temple he may choose, for all the blessings by which he is surrounded. Your
occupation, more than that of any other, except a ministration at the altar of God,
produces a spirit of contentment and equanimity of temper. Sobriety, morality,
and the orderly observance of all the laws of society and of the land, are your
proud characteristics. With these manifold blessings of Providence, you ought
to be happy.

•''For you the spring
Distills her dews, and from the silken gem
Its lucid leaves unfold — lor you the hand
Of autumn tinges every fertile branch
With blooming gold and blushes like the morn."

Following a calling the most auspicious for your own happiness and moral ele-
vation, I am sure I need not say that high and responsible duties are de-
volved upon you. In addition to the impulse you are called upon to give to
the march of agricultural improvement by your enlarged experience and observa-
tion, and to the duty of beautifying your farms with trees, shrubs, fruits, and
flowers, and of cultivating a taste for a chaste and pure order of architecture for
farm buildings, you have political duties imposed upon you of no less magnitude
and importance. The future destiny of this country is, to a great extent, in your
hands. We occupy an intermediate position between the North and the South.
The bitterness of sectional controversy, it cannot be disguised, is daily loosening
the ties which bind us together. We are so situated that Kentucky can never
separate from either section. Our interests are indissolubly bound up for weal or
for woe in the destiny of each. We can never consent to become again "the dark

78 REPORT OF THE

and bloody ground;" the baftle field for contending factions. No! Kentucky,
with one heart and one impulse, has nailed the flag of the Union to the mast, and
her motto is, that she will live or die under its broad stripes and bright scars.
Oh ! listen not to that syren song that would whisper in your ear that there is a
diversity of interest between Kentucky and any other section, and that our con-
dition would be better in a new confederacy of States with more homogeneous
materials. I know well that you will adhere with the pertinacity of sturdy free-
men to your constitutional rights; but at the same time it is your duty as patriots
to cultivate a feeling of kindness for every section of our common country — to
habituate yourselves, and to instill it in the minds of your children to regard
sacredly and with reverence the maxims and precepts of the Father of his Coun-
try — to accustom yourselves to look upon the thirty-one States of this Union as
one country — one in interest and one in destiny.

That our own beloved State shall forever remain a bright star in the glorious
galaxy of States which is now shedding its light upon the world, is the silent as-
piration and fervent prayer of every true Kentuckian. We all look to her as to a
loving mother, and from the heart's profoundest depths, invoke for her this bless-
ing of Heaven.

PRIZE ESSAYS.

Premiums were awarded to the following seven essays by the Ken-
tucky State Agricultural Society, in 1856. Several others were pre -
sented,but were not deemed worthy of this distinction by the respec-
tive judges. These were written by gentlemen of the highest intel-
ligence, and of practical experience in their professions. The avidity
with which they have already been sought, is an evidence of the high
appreciation of them by the reading community. The wide diffusion
of them cannot fail to be as useful as it will be gratifying to the com-
munity.

Essay by Albert Allen, of Fayette county, to ivhom was awarded the first Premium,.

ON BREEDING STOCK OF ANY KIND.

Gentlemen of the State Board :

Presuming that the dissemination of useful knowledge was the cardinal ob-
ject in view, when you issued your proposals for essays on the various subjects
connected with the agricultural interests of our State, I have concluded to con-
tribute from my slender resources a few thoughts upon a topic which you have
been pleased to designate as follows, to-wit : " On Breeding Stock of any Kind."

STATE AGRICULTURAL S0CIE1Y. 79

To a superficial observer this may seem a subject of no great magnitude or
practical utility, and hence one to which but little importance should be attached.
Facts, however, show it to be otherwise, and one worthy the earnest considera-
tion and careful investigation of every agriculturalist in the land.

Possessed, as we are, of a great and growing country, of an area of 1,466,-
445,680 acres, which contain on their surface more than twenty-three millions of
human being's, whose subsistence and wealth depend chiefly on bringing into
employment the labors of our domestic animals, in ihe cultivation of the soil, and
also the use of their flesh and milk as articles of food, their utility is most obvious.
But when we reflect that our State, so exuberant in soil, and producing so luxu-
riantly almost every variety of grain and grass, has comparatively few facilities
for transporting these abundant productions to best markets, and that we are
therefore compelled to provide the most profitable consumption of them at our
own doors, by which we may realize, in representative value, the highest price,
the breeding of stock becomes a matter of the greatest interest and importance.

The annual production of Indian corn, alone, in the State of Kentucky, as
shown by the statistics of 1850, is 54,672,591 bushels, which, at the low esti-
mate of twenty-five cents per bushel, makes over fourteen millions six hundred
and sixty-eight thousand dollars of capital. One half of this, at least, must be
locked up to the grower until he can convert this vast amount into some other
form, by which he may realize its true value.

The feeding of horses, jacks and males, and the production of beef, mutton
and pork, are the only available means by which he can make this change ; and
when we remember that this contemplates only the disposal of one out of the
many productions of our cultivated lands, and that there yet remains to be esti-
mated the value of grasses on 10,981,478 acres of unimproved lands, which
should be appropriated to the best use, the very economy of our State dunands,
not only an abundant supply of these animals, but a supply of such as will
yield proportionally with the value of products consumed by them the greatest
return in money.

That this great source of wealth has been much neglected until late years,
statistical facts will abundantly show. From various causes, among which we
may distinguish a more widely extended scientific acquaintance with the qualities
of our soil, the use of manures, and the proper rotation of crops, we find that ia
1850, upon about the same extent of farming lands, there was an increased pro-
duction over that of 1840 of more than 18,000,000 bushels of corn, 1,000,000
bushels of oats, 78,000 bushels of barley, and 25,000 tons of hay, these being
the principal food of animals in Kentucky, while, for the same period, there was
a falling off of over 14,000 head of horses, mules and asses, and 35,000 head
of neat cattle, with only an insignificant increase of sheep and hogs.

We here clearly see that either the supply of stock in 1840 was too great,
economically considered, for the production, or that in 1850 the supply was too
small or not commensurate with the production. We may believe the latter of
these two hypothesis to be correct, for reasons too lengthy for an article like this,
and if so, it proves a sad defection in the stock growers of our State.

Without pursuing this investigation further, if, in view of the above facts, with
only one-third of our lands in cultivation, we can produce more grain than will
bring into proper condition for market our annual supply of live stock, and if,
upon the other two-thirds, we can breed and rear them as cheap as anywhere
else in the world — both of which propositions are true — then the conclusion is
irresistible, that it is of the highest importance and greatest practical utility to
engage in the breeding of every variety of live stock. With the view, however,
of arousing more interest in this matter, calculations of several consecutive years
might be submitted, which would show to the agriculturist the advantage of turn-
ing his products into beef, &c, rather thaD to dispone of them unchanged in our

REPORT OF THE

markets. Bat being persuaded that your object was to call forth a thesis, not so
much upon the advantages of breeding stock as upon the principles regulating-
good breeding, this latter interesting portion of the task is most cheerfully under-
taken.

It is supposed that the word Stock is contemplated as embracing the horse,
ass, mule, ox, sheep and hog, and that the term Breeding, relates to the princi-
ples or mode of producing, as well as the manner of rearing stock.

The capacity or power to generate belongs to all animated beings, while a law
co-extensive with that power, obtains among them all, requiring them to " bring-
forth after their kind." From this law, coeval with creation, there can be no
departure, but in harmony with it man can cooperate in the production of all
that is beautiful, useful and good in the vegetable as well as the animal king-
dom. All his wisdom, skill or judgment is unavailing, unless it be employed
strictly in aicordance with this universal law, to secure the results expected from
different combinations or crosses in reproduction. An acquaintance with the
physiology of animals, and the comparative influences of the sexes in characteri-
zing their offspring, will enable one to calculate, with some degree of certainty,
the results which will follow the union of dissimilar animals. The application of
these principles of breeding can only be made advantageous as they are made
comformabie to the use or purpose for which the animal is designed. It is evi-
dent that this use or purpose must control every other consideration, that this
adaptation is the end to be secured, while all else are but subjective means har-
moniously co operating for its accomplishment.

The uses of each of the several species embraced in the generic term "stock"
being dissimilar, the special rules which would be applicable to the breeding of
one would be unsuited to the breeding of another. What would be found true
in the breeding of the horse would not prove invariably so Avith the cow, nor will
the rules applicable to the breeding of sheep apply to the hog. Each has to oc-
cupy its relative position — each subserve a different purpose in the hands of
man, and each must be produced and reared in harmony with its use and nature.
There are, however, some general laws regulating the judicious breeding of all,
and having reference alike to the nature and constitutions of all, and to these
your attention is briefly invited.

1st. The best of every species should always be .employed in making crosses.
The propriety of this rule is clearly set forth in that true aphorism, "like begets
like." What would be thought of an agriculturalist who, desiring the largest
and most productive corn, should select from his granary seed from inferior ears
holding the smallest amount of fruit ? Would any sensible horticulturist, who
wished to reproduce the delicate hues or tints of some favorite flower, think of
employing for that purpose the seed or bulbs of one of that variety which pos-
sessed in the lowest degree these desirable qualities? Neither would any sensi-
ble breeder of stock, whose object was to improve that stock, select as the basis
of that improvement any other than the best that could be secured. Deteoriation
on any other principle would inevitably ensue. I am aware, however, of the
discrepancy of opinion that must necessarily exist in the minds of judges, as to
what constitutes the best, and hence the difficulty of a close observance of this
rule, and I am further aware that the best is not accessible to all ; nevertheless I
may still insist on using the best that can be had until opportunity shall afford a
better.

2d. There should be no close intermingling of distinct species, or distinct va-
rieties of the same species in crossing. In advocacy of this principle, our appeal
may be to reason, experience, or historic record. I would not wish to be under-
stood here as favoring or advocating what, in common parlance, is termed " in-
and in breeding," but on the contrary, would assert, on the authority of some of
the best breeders in England and America, that close consanguineous crosses
have been productive of enfeebled constitutions, diseased organs, and other dele-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 81

terious consequences. It is true, no race of animated beings exists that in its in-
cipiency or beginning was not necessarily subjected to " in-and-in breeding."
This necessity, however, does not prove the wisdom or propriety of now volun-
tarily adopting a similar course of procedure. Will any one contend that the
race of man would be improved, or that the result gained by an amalgamation
of the African, Asiatic and European would be advantageous in any point of
view ? Yet these races concentered in the persons of three brothers, sons of
Noah, four thousand years ago. The intermarriage of brother and sister may
have been a necessity in the earliest period of man's history, but who at this
day, seeing the mental, moral and physical deterioration necessarily resulting
from such a state of things, can regard it but with abhorrence ? The great Crea-
tor and Preserver of all things, when he wished to rear up a peculiar royal fam-
ily, inhibited the close intermarriage of that family, while in accordance with
views here entertained in reference to animals, He equally forbade their alliance
with any foreign tribe or family. If, then, there exists in the constitutions of
man and beast any similarity, or if, in the whole animal kingdom, there are close
material affinities — and who can doubt it? — he who will admit the wisdom of the
Divine enactments for purposes beneficial to man, cannot deny the wisdom of
that breeder of live stock who would prescribe for his own adoption rules based
upon similar laws.

Reason and experience both teach us, that if we would increase the speed of
the race horse, improve the beef or milk of the Durham, the silky fleece of the
Saxon sheep, or the flesh accumulating property of the Suffolk hog, we should
not adopt as crosses the cart-horse, the scrub or native cow, the mountain sheep,
nor any of the less thrifty or slowly maturing kinds of swine, but on the contrary,
we would employ those of the same family, which, in the first instance, were dis-
covered to possess those qualities whose perpetuity was sought by transmission.

An accumulation of facts, as handed down to us from various authors, might
here be subjoined in attestation of what has been said, but only one statement is
added, which coming as it does from one of England's most observant breeders
of fine stock, the Rev. H. Berry, is deservedly entitled to regard. He says : "In-
and-in breeding, although it may increase and confirm valuable properties, will
increase and confirm defects, and no breeder need be long in discovering that in
an improved state animals have a greater tendency to defect than to perfection."

I am aware that in the latitude given this principle of breeding, an apparent
exception may prevail against its wisdom in the case of the mule. It is styled
apparent, because it will be remembered that what has been said relates exclu-
sively to animals capable of multiplying their own species ; and even were it
otherwise, we have in this hybrid an instance of the evil consequences resulting
from crossing distinct species, to wit : their inability to reproduce.

While much more than this might be said in support of this last position, a
consciousness of growing tedious renders it necessary to pass on to the third and
last general rule.

3d. All extremes of size, form, or habitude should be avoided. I may be
permitted to remark that this rule involves the nicest discrimination which the
breeder is called upon to exercise, because all improvement, of whatever kind,
must affect one or all of the three points, form, size, or habitude, and in a lono-
established race or breed the attempt to improve one of these properties may fre-
quently result in injury to others. If there were an equal distribution of the
qualities peculiar to the male and female in the offspring, the above rule might
easily be dispensed with ; but we find that the good and bad do not always thus
blend and unite in the production of an animal holding a middle rank between
the two, but most frequently the offspring possesses those qualities which it has
derived from the one parent in strange contrast with, or in ill proportion to those
which it has derived from the other.

82 REPORT OF THE

The produce from the union of a large, long and lank horse, and a small short
•compact pony, will generally prove anything else than a medium between the
two, as it will bear resemblance in some points to one, and in others to the other
parent. This is true, not only in reference to size ajid form, in cattle, sheep and
hogs, but also to color. Every one is, perhaps aware, that in crossing sheep, if
a male and female be -employed of extremes in color, the one being white and the
other black, their offspring will not possess a regular blending of the two, thereby
producing an intermediate shade. A woolen factory can thus combine them, but
it is of rare occurrence on the part of nature.

A calf, having a pure red sire and white dam, will usually receive the distinct
color of one or the other, and if of both it will be irregularly distributed. It is
because of this fact, having respect alone to taste, that I have not included color
among those extremes which are to be avoided. Too much attention cannot be
given to the proper adjustment of size, form and habitude of the sexes in breed-
ing, still, if a breeder wish to effect a change in any one or all of these, and yet
retain in his herd other important qualities already secured, he must proceed
gradually, or by slowly progressive crosses. Suppose, for illustration, that in a
herd of small unthrifty cows, a breeder should take an extreme cross of a large
and thrifty bull, no other result could be predicted than an ill-formed, unthrifty
produce, in consequence of that relative agency, of which I propose to speak
more fully elsewhere, which is exerted by both sire and dam in characterizing
their offspring.

Without further advertence to these rules, on which, to some extent at least,
depend the development of the qualities or properties esteemed good, and the de-
struction of those considered bad, I proceed to classify or separate the domestic
animals mentioned, in order to the consideration of what is peculiar to each, and
first in order should be placed

THE HORSE.

The history of this most noble animal, in all his varieties, belongs properly to
the naturalist. His management is the duty of the jockey — his maladies are the
province of the farrier — his value belongs to the rural economist, while the true
principles regulating his breeding, on which depends all that is valuable in the
animal, are left in the hands of unskilled and inexperienced agriculturalists of
every grade and order.

The legitimate bounds of an essay require brevity in the consideration of this
matter, and it is regretted that space will not allow investigations to follow out
separately, in all their important uses and bearings, the several varieties of the
animal existing in our midst, and readily recognized under the names as appro-
priate to their several uses of race, harness, draft, and saddle horses.

As to which of these varieties fills the most important place, is the most avail-
able for every purpose, or the most profitable to breed from on a given outlay of
capital, are questions which find their own proper answers in the necessities of
the times, and the spirit of the age. No one variety is best suited for all purpo-
ses, but each for its own particular use is better than another, while the nomen-
clature just given points to and bespeaks a just discrimination and intelligence in
breeding in accommodation with the end each is intended to subserve. Some
may suppose that, in this age, when the " iron horse " performs his travels with
such velocity, and drags along with unflagging speed and spirit his thousand tons,
there is but little value to be attached to any or all varieties. Would such only
examine a little more closely into this matter, and see the immense amount of
capital invested in this animal in the United States, their views would be far dif-
ferent. The number of horses in the United States, as computed in 1 850, was
4,336,719, which, at an average value of $50 each, would be $216,835,950 of
capital, which, with anything like skill or judgment in breeding, could, in the
•course of ten years, be increased more than twenty per cent.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 83

In France, in order to a supply of cavalry horses, the Government provides
the requisite number of stallions for breeding purposes, enacting laws regulating
the ao-e, height and terms of service (which last is placed as low as one dollar,
to two dollars, to enable every one to procure a foal,) and requiring rigid annual
inspection, as to deformity of shape and transmissible disease. And may we not
indulge the hope, that while we look not to our government, as in France, for its
aid, inspection, or protection in this matter, we may safely rely on the intelli-
gence, enterprise and discrimination of our people ? But to return. It has been
already said that all judicious breeding, of any animal, contemplates primarily
his use. This is especially true of the horse, whose only use consists in the labor,
be that labor ever so diversified, which he performs. The ease with which he
performs, the strength he has to accomplish, and the capacity he has to endure
that labor, constitute his true excellence, carriage or style having respect only
to appearance. As we would therefore seek to improve the different varieties or
breeds of the horse, and thereby secure their increased value, it must be done by
associating in breeding such capacities as will prove equal to the tasks they have
to perform. A horse may easily perform a particular kind of work for a time,
but be incapable of enduring it a proper length of time. Another may be ena-
bled to perform a certain task, and yet from want of strength be inadequate to
other service, while a third may have both strength and endurance, and fall short
in point of speed or time.

To combine, then, strength, speed and endurance in one and the same animal,
is to raise him to the highest degree of perfection, so far as relates to service.
These qualities being constitutional and transmissible, every one knows how to
obtain them, but to what extent they are dependent on size, form, &c, and what
is the relative agency of the male and female in their production, is quite a
different question. An increase of size in a horse is, by no means, necessarily
an improvement. It can only be so when constitutional ability to support such
increase of size evidently obtains, and thereby a greater degree of strength in-
sured the animal. The size should always be in accordance with the labor he
has to perform, but never beyond what is compatible with that form which indi-
cates strength, energy and activity. Without discussing^ however, that size and
form which may be deemed best suited to the use for which he may be intended,
let us look at the source whence they are chiefly derivable, and leave the breeder
to adjust these according to his views.

The importance of having the male of any species of animal perfect is mani-
fest, for two reasons. First : His superior procreative ability, as relates to nu-
merical increase in a given time ; and second : His predominant influence in char-
acterising his offspring. So far as numerical increase is concerned, the ratio is
about fifty to one, and hence in any race the impress of qualities is in the same
ratio. A mare in the usual period of gestation can only, if she be possessed of
defect, impress one foal, while the sire may transmit such defect as may attach
to him to more than fifty. That in the case of a single conception he exerts a
greater influence in characterizing it, no one can doubt.

To this fact every farmer in the land lends his assent, in the particularity he
manifests in selecting a complete horse, and one of such qualities as suit him.
Should any one fail to be convinced that such is the case, he need only be cited
to an instance always at hand, to-wit : the resemblance which both the mule and
hinny have to their respective sires. The mule the product of the ass and mare,
and the hinny resulting from the union of the stallion and the ass. Both are the
hybrid offspring of animals of the same genus, only differing in sexual crossings,
yet each more nearly resembles its sire in vascular system, form and appearance,
and especially in its mane and tail.

While the greatest caution should be used in the selection of a stallion for these
reasons, no less care should be taken in the case of the mare, where an especia

84 REPORT OP THE

reference is had to the single foal, and it is desired that it should approach its
mother as its model, yet it is the province of that mother more particularly to
impart similar internal organs.

As to the comparative size of the male and female, it is only necessary to re-
mark, that among jail animals, nature, to subserve her own purposes, seems to
have formed the male the larger, still in the improvement of size, whether to in-
crease or diminish it, the size of the male should be adapted to the object sought.
If, however, the principle be true, that the female exerts the greater influence
over the internal structure, and the male over external form and size, it may be-
come expedient to have the male the smaller of the two, in order that size may
not overreach constitutional ability, and be so great that the internal organism
will prove inadequate to a necessary supply of muscular strength and nourish-
ment.

By horsemen it is thought the age of the stallion should vary, as much as is
consistent with other circumstances, after either has passed its prime, alleging in
support of this opinion, that the superior vigor of the more youthful will attach
to the foal. No animals of either sex should be bred before the age of three
years, as they have not, in most instances, reached their full development before
that time, and any cause hindering or impairing that development must subtract
from their value for any purpose. The period of gestation is generally eleven
months, and as many more days as the mare is years old. The most usual and
favorable season of the year for parturition is early spring, as early as the cli-
mate admits. By such an arrangement the colt, in addition to receiving a greater
flow of milk, and that for a longer period, will also be better prepared to endure
the cold of the next winter.

THE ASS.

Before dismissing the equine family, a passing notice is due the ass and the
mule. The ass, though long in use in Oriental countries as a bea°t of burden,
in our own country, is made subservient to but one valuable purpose — that of be-
getting mules. We learn from Robert Oliver, in an able dissertation on the mule,
that " according to the learned Dr. Harris, four different races of asses are indi-
cated in the original Hebrew Scriptures, to-wit: Para, Chamor, Aton and Orad."
The first of these (Para,) is the wild ass of Arabia, and is now found in north-
ern portions of India, possessing such fleetness that no horse can overtake it in
the chase.

The "Chamor " was the domestic ass, and was used by the Patriarchs for all
kinds of menial servitude, while the " Aton" (also domestic,) was only allowed
to carry about persons of distinction. The " Orad," or last species mentioned,
is found in Cappadocia and Africa.

The earliest introduction of this animal into America, of which we have any
account, was in 1787. At that time General Washington received one as a pre-
sent from the King of Spain, called the " Royal Gift," and about the same time
another from General Lafayette, called the " Knight of Malta." Both of these
were kept by Washington, and bred to some of his best mares, and the produce
of this last is represented to have been " active, spirited and serviceable, and
from stout mares they attained considerable size.

Since the days of Washington, asses have been extensively scattered over our
country, and they are justly held in high estimation. Among the varieties known
here, the Maltese, reckoned to be descended from the Arabian "Para," is gen-
erally accounted best.

From this brief description of the ass, the transition is very natural and easy
to his hybrid progeny,

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 85

THE MULE.

In this animal we have a vahiable compound, possessing the hardiness of the
ass, with the energy and activity of the horse. Incapable of reproduction or
" breeding," its consideration may not properly belong here, and it will therefore
receive only a brief notice. From its sterility, it is only valuable as an animal
for labor, and especially as a sitbstitute for the horse in warm climates. Con-
trasted with the horse, in reference to its use in this respect, we find he has many
advantages, and among them may be found the following : 1st. His superior
strength, both in drawing and in carrying heavy burdens. 2d. His comparative
freedom from disease and accident, as contrasted with the horse. 3d. His endu-
rance of a temperature which would destroy that animal.

Among the economical advantages may be mentioned the amount of food con-
sumed by him, as being less than that necessary for the horse. Upon this point
an eminent writer says : " Although a large sized mule will consume somewhat
more than half the food necessary for the horse, yet if we take into account the
saving of expense in shoeing, farriery, and insurance against disease and acci-
dent, we may safely affirm that a clear saving of one-half can be substantiated."

The second, and perhaps greater, economical advantage lies in his superior
longevity. Mr. Oliver, to whom allusion has already been made, informs us,
that he saw in the West Indies a mule performing his task, "that he was assured
by the owner was forty years old, and that he himself owns a mare mule twenty-
five years old, which has been at work twenty-one years, and that he discovers
no diminution in her powers, and within a year past he has often taken upwards
of a ton's weight in ;i wagon to Boston, a distance of more than five miles."

These considerations have greatly increased the use of mules on the sugar,
rice, and cotton plantations of the South, and have consequently resulted in their
increased multiplication in Kentucky, where, in 1850, there were of asses and
mules 65,600. This increased demand, coupled with a better acquaintance with
the principles of breeding and rearing an animal much more desirable than those
raised formerly, has, within the past ten years, given to the breeder an advance
of more than one-half in the value of his stock, besides curtailing the expense
incident to one year's feed.

As regards the kinds of mares to be used in the production of the best mules,
I have but to endorse the views briefly expressed in the following quotation —

" They should be of large size, well made, young, full of life, large barreled,
but small limbed, with a moderate sized head, and good forehead."

the ox.

In treating of this animal, the above caption or designation is preferred, be-
cause the word cow has frequently to be applied to the gender of the species, and
the word cattle is too broad in its signification, being used to denote, besides the
ox, also the sheep and hog.

If the horse, in point of form and service, be justly esteemed the most noble
of all animals, the ox may, in the diversity of offices he performs, the wants he
supplies and the many useful purposes he subserves, be considered the most use-
ful. While living, he is the patient and faithful partner of the husbandman in
his toils, his species daily affording bountiful supplies of milk, butter, and
cheese, to sustain and invigorate his physical energies, and in death his fattened
body is made to minister to the necessities, comfort and gratification of a large
portion of the human race.

In patient servitude and strength he has no rival ; in the nutritious quality
and delicate flavor of his flesh he is unsurpassed, and in the profit to the grower
or feeder by the consumption of vegetable products, none can boast his superior.
Shall it then be thought a tame and unprofitable pursuit, either to theorize upon,
or to reduce to absolute practice those principles of breeding which look to his
improvement ?

86 REPORT OF THE

I repeat, the principles of breeding which look to his improvement ! for, from
the days of the Patriarch Jacob, when he attended the herds of Laban in Meso-
potamia, separating the strong from the weak, adopting artificial means for the
production of varieties, in the way of color, &c, the principles of proper breed-
ing, or the mode and means of improvement, have engaged the attention of the
lovers of fine cattle down to the present time.

To trace the history of this enterprising spirit, on the part of such agricultu-
ralists, and the means resorted to by them to effect improvement in native races
of cattle, might be a work of great interest, but it is enough for the present pur-
pose to accord to the past such improvement as is manifest in the broad, deep
and symmetrically formed, beautifully colored, and flesh-accumulating Durhams
met with at the present day. Nor are these mentioned to the exclusion of others,
but simply because upon this variety or breed has been brought to bear the true
philosophy of breeding, by combining in these animals the qualities essential to
all purposes, thus bringing them to so high a standard of perfection as to place
or render them pre-eminent in the estimation of breeders, both in England and
America. To the Durhams, therefore, as being now the best and consequently
the true basis for further improvement, future remarks will be directed.

It is conceded as a historic fact, that Messrs. Charles and Robert Colling, of
England, whose attention, from the year 1785 to the death of the latter in 1818,
was given to the improvement of this race of cattle, did more in impressing the
Durhams with their present valuable qualities than any and all other breeders.
To them is to be ascribed the earlier great improvements, by judicious crosses of
this native race of cattle ; still only the improvement, for as a variety they had
existed in certain districts of England as far back as the distinctive qualities of
any race have ever been noted. It is then no " made up," but a modified race,
having attained its chief excellence through the skill and judgment of these gen-
tlemen as breeders.

Let opinion upon this question be as it may, it does not, in the least, militate
against the object immediately had in view in the mention of the foregoing facts,
which is this, that if the Durhams are the best race of cattle, and the great im-
provement of them was by the Messrs. Colling, the power of transmission, of
course, being granted, then, as further improvement is now called for, it is of the
greatest importance to every breeder to have such animals as can be traced in a li-
neal descent to the Colling stock, as the basis upon which to effect the perpetuity of
the further improvement of their qualities.

It is evident that no number of crosses of one variety can eradicate a stain
which that variety may have received from a collateral cross of another variety,
or, in other words, the animal cannot be purely bred. If this foreign blood or
stain be defective, the defect will attach to all produced from it, for it is this in-
herent capacity of the Durhams, and of all other animals, to transmit to their
progeny their own qualities, which makes them valuable as breeders.

In order, then, that one may be assured that the qualities which he finds in
any variety, and wishes to perpetuate, will be entailed, he must see that his
crosses are purely of that variety. Whether, therefore, the Durhams were an
original race, existing prior to the Messrs. Colling, or were by them "made up,"
the advantages of possessing such animals as trace their pedigree to their herds
as pure bred Durhams, is most obvious. If it was an original race, an animal
so tracing has every evidence of pure blood. If a " made up," he has all the
advantages of their improvement, as well as that of a larger number of crosses
of that improvement, than an animal whose pedigree stops short of their herds.
From this view, we discover the sophistry of the remark, that in a " made up "
race the pedigree is worse the nearer it traces back to the original animals em-
ployed to "make it up."

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 87

It is affirmed, therefore, that any advance made in improving the present race
of Durhams must be done, first, by the use of crosses of purely bred animals,
of its own distinct variety or breed, and secondly, by using such animals as pos-
sess, in the greatest perfection, those qualities it is desirable to transmit.

It has before been intimated that all improvement, in any kind of stock, must
contemplate primarily the use for which the animal is designed, and must be
made with special reference thereto. In the case before us, flesh and milk con-
stitute the great desideratum. In order to perspecuity, I shall speak of these
separately, and if possible endeavor to show the manner of producing both in a
greater degree, and under what circumstances such increase ought to be desired.
The quantity and quality of the meat, and the cost of producing it, are questions-
which would arise in determining the propriety or character of any improvement
in this respect, and under other circumstances, they would be worthy of separate
consideration. Premising an equal quality, if an increased quantity can be se-
cured by the breeder without deteriorating the animal's form, or its aptitude iu
the accumulation of fat, such improvement would be considered desirable. But
reflection will satisfy us at once that this can only be done by increase of size,
and that such increase is not always advantageous. The size of an animal, eco-
nomically considered, should be in adaptation to the climate and productions of the
country which he inhabits, and again physiologically considered, the size should
be in accommodation to the constitutional capacity to afford a supply of nourish-
ment to every part of the body. Our own generous soil and genial climate en-
courage such enlargement ; the only thing remaining then is, if possible, to breed
animals with such dispositions to fatten as will prove adequate to the thrift and
development of such an enlarged carcass.

To do this requires the greatest delicacy, and the largest amount of skill and
judgment, so as to avoid other disastrous consequences. The whole success of
such an effort depends on a law of animal physiology, whose workings can only
be explained or ascertained as far as external form is an indication of internal
structure.

According to Surgeon Cline, "the power to prepare the greatest quantity of
nourishment, from a given quantity of food, depends principally on the magnitude
of the lungs, to which the organs of digestion are subservient."

It is then essential to any animal to have lungs large in proportion to his body,
in order to thrift or capacity, to supply nourishment for the production of meat.
The form and size of the chest is an external indication of the size of the lungs,
and is therefore of paramount importance where increase of size is determined
upon. Hence, in this case, no animal should be used in crossing whose develop-
ment in this particular does not indicate the largest amount of room for the
heart in circulating and the lungs in purifying an amount of blood sufficient for
the proper discharge of every function.

And as I have before intimated, that the female exerts the greatest compara-
tive influence over the internal structure of her progeny, the propriety of her
being well formed, in this respect, is most obvious, and besides this, the supply
of nourishment to the fetus being in proportion to her size in these respects,
" by a peculiarity in the circulation of that foetus, which causes a larger propor-
tion of the blood, under such circumstances, to be distributed to its lungs than to
any other part of its body, the lungs and heart become proportionably larger."

From these facts it may be inferred, that enlargement of size is practicable
without deteioration of form, or the disposition of the animal to fatten. It may
not be amiss to remark here, that while increase of size should be sought, by the
employment of such animals only as on inspection evince the proper form for ca-
pacity in this respect, or which, by test, have manifested great fattening qualities,
great care should also be taken in the relative size of the male and female. As

0<5 REPORT OF THE

before stated, extremes in every case, and especially extremes in size, should al-
ways be avoided in all crossings. To use the female the larger of the two is
always safe, if what has been said in reference to her predominant influence over
internal structure be true, and hence nothing can be surer than the production of
a race of starvelings and unprofitable consumers of food, if the breeder will suf-
fer a herd of small cows to be bred to too large a bull.

It should have been before stated, that by " enlargement of size," is not ne-
cessarily to be understood the increase of bone and other parts called offal. Such
increase should be discriminative and partial. There certainly can be no advan-
tage gained by the enlargement of neck, head and horns, on the contrary, every-
thing is in favor of their diminution. Much is gained in parturition, both to the
mother and offspring, by a small head, and as it regards heavy horns, they re-
quire thicker and consequently heavier plates of bone in the skull to support
them, also additional ligaments and muscles, all which must consume some nour-
ishment, which might go to support and develop more important parts.

A question here presents itself — Is it possible to combine, in the same animal,
the dairy qualities and the disposition to fatten rapidly ? This question leads us
to the second division of this subject, as regards the uses for which the ox is bred.

In answer to the above, it is affirmed, they can, and that the Durham cow is
evidence of the fact. Although room is not allowed here to cite instance after
instance in proof of their superior milking qualities, I cannot forbear copying the
following statement made in Prof. Youatt's " Treatise on Cattle," of the amount
of butter yielded by one of Mr. Calvert's Improved Short-Horn Cows — "The
milk," as stated, " was kept and churned separately from that of the other stock,
and the following is the account of the number of pounds of butter obtained in
each week— 7, 10, 10, 12, 17, 13, 13, 13, 15, 16, 15, 12, 13, 13, 13, 14,
14, 13, 12, 12, 13, 11, 12, 10, 10, 8, 10, 9, 10, 7, 7, 7. From this it ap-
pears that there churned 373 pounds of butter in the space of 32 weeks."

The same author says, in reference to this matter, that. he is " strictly justified
in asserting that Improved Short-Horns, inferior to none for the grazier, may al-
ways be selected and bred with the most valuable dairy qualities." And al-
though as he intimates, "such excessive quantities of milk may not be obtained
from them as from the unimproved, yet, from its superior quality a larger amount
of butter will be produced, and it is likely such should be the case, and that the
artificial change in the animal economy which leads to excessive secretions of
flesh and fat, should also be productive of other rich secretions."

If abundant testimony can be brought to establish any fact, it can be to prove
beyond all contradiction, that the Durham may and does possess a valuable union
of fattening and milking properties. The fact is, nevertheless, undeniable that,
in many instances, our Durhams in Kentucky and elsewhere are inferior to what
they should be as milkers. To what cause is this attributable ? Their latent or
undeveloped capacity, in this respect, is beyond a doubt. It is assignable to the
impolitic course that has been adopted by the breeders and managers of these
cattle. To use the language of an ingenious writer on this subject — " The im-
provement in the carcass of the Short-Horns has been so surprising, and so justly
valued, that many persons have allowed that completely to occupy their atten-
tion, and thus the dairy has been neglected." Our breeders have sought to con-
firm and strengthen other valuable properties, regardless of this important one,
and it is not, therefore, to be wondered at if a.tificial means employed for its res-
toration should frequently prove abortive.

The fear of impairing size and appearance, by early breeding, has also been
auxiliary in bringing about this apparent defect. The natural consequence of
which is an habitual deficiency in the flow of milk resulting from the inherent
tendency of the animal to fat, and her being suffered to cultivate that disposition,
free from any drainage of milk by calling into exercise in that direction the ac-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 89

tion of the secretive organs. There is still another cause that brings this noble
race of cattle into disrepute as milkers, and attaches to their management, and
that is the young mother is suffered to run at large with her calf, which, by its
constant application to the udder, gives no opportunity for such accumulation as
will distend, and make it a fit receptacle for the more copious secretions of after
years, for which this breed is peculiarly celebrated.

The writer feels assured that if the attention they deserve were given to these
matters, whatever of reproach now attaches to the milking properties of this race
would soon be removed, and their value greatly enhanced.

A consciousness of the length to which this article has been protracted, must
be an apology for omitting all matter relative to rearing. He feels, however,
that in benefaction to the animal, and in view of the interest of breeders, he can-
not dismiss this subject without deploring the folly and neglect that permits this
animal, after the birth of her calf, to consume the placenta. The disasterous
consequences which result to an herbaceous animal from engorging its stomach
with putrescent animal matter are seen in loss of appetite, impaired digestion,
fevers, and ultimately death.

THE SHEEP.

We are led to infer an earlier domestication of this animal than that of any
other ruminant, Abel, the second born of our race, having been "a keeper of
sheep." Although naturalists assign to the Mloufflon, a native of Greece and
Corsica, covered with hair, the ancestral source of all varieties of sheep, it is by
no means certain. Its possibility, however, is beyond contradiction, as those who
have noticed the remarkable changes in the character of the fleece in different
climates, under different culture, with different pasturage, &c, can testify.

Be this and all other changes what they may, no animal addresses itself, from
its innocence and submissiveness, so tenderly to the affections of man as the com-
mon sheep; nor does any contribute more generously to his comfort, gratifica-
tion and happiness; while its helplessness has ever made it seek his protection,
yet it has never failed in fleece, flesh, and tallow, to remunerate him for all his
care and attention.

Its present varieties are all classified according to the fleece or the length of the
wool, and are styled long wooled, middle wooled, &c. To the first class is gen-
erally assigned the Leicester, Cotswold, Lincoln, Oxfordshire, and some others,
not familiarly known in America. To the second, the Southdown, Cheviot, and
others; while the Saxon and Merino, for the sake of distinction, might be styled
short wooled.

So variant are the sentiments of Kentucky farmers as to which of these varie-
ties is most valuable, considered in reference to quantity and quality of wool,
quality of flesh, quantity of tallow, adaptation to climate, soil, &c, that no one
breed or its crosses can be found in our original flocks universally to prevail. It
is, however, the opinion of the writer that, after a few more years of experience
and trial, it will be determined what kind is best suited to our wants, and the
most profitable to keep. Yet this will not be done till we have discriminating
markets, both in wool and meat, whereby some standard may be established by
which to determine their relative value.

The cost of keeping any variety is but trifling, and in many instances, be it said
to the shame of our agriculturalists, that cost is more than paid in what they de-
stroy of burrs, weeds, and briars.

High lands seem to be more congenial to their nature, culture, and habits, and
accordingly they will prove more remunerative in grazing them than any other
kind of stock. As relates to the principles of breeding, what has before been
said with reference to the ox, may with equal propriety be applied to the sheep,
except, perhaps, what relates to crossing different varieties; nor would this excep-

90 REPORT OF THE

tion be necessary were it not presupposed that no one variety exclusively engross-
ed all of size, form, thrift, quantity and quality of wool, that would make it pre-
eminently the sheep for our soil and climate.

Experience in breeding and rearing, under such circumstances, may render
some departures from that rule expedient until a new variety be formed, in which
all these desirable qualities shall be confirmed or established. When this shall
have been done, if not already effected, the close adherence to that rule of breed-
ing will be essential to perpetuate such improvement.

It need hardly be added that, as improvement is mainly to be obtained through
the male progenitor, the buck should always be of the best, and be changed every
two or three years at most, to prevent the injurious consequences of in-and-in
breeding.

For the same reasons as those plead in advocacy of the diminution of the horn
of the ox, would I urge the entire destruction of horns on the sheep, and with the
following statement, made on good authority, leave the breeder of horned sheep
to infer the amount of nutriment lost in support of these useless fixtures:

"The skull of a ram with its horns weighed five times more than another skull,
which was hornless. Both these skulls were taken from sheep of the same age,
each being four years old. The great difference in weight depended chiefly on
the horns, for the lower jaws were nearly equal, one weighing seven ounces, and
the other six and three-fourth ounces, which shows that the natural size of the
head was nearly the same in both, independent of the horns and the thickness of
the bones which support them." The period of gestation being five calendar
months, the tup should be placed with the ewes about the first of November, so
that yeaning may take place as early in April as possible. By such an arrange-
ment, all risk to the lamb from cold is avoided, and it is enabled to attain greater
size, and become better clad with wool before the approach of winter. Besides
this, the dam being rid of her lamb earlier, has abundant time, and on green food,
to recover all flesh lost by suckling, and will be in good condition before winter, if
not further designed as breeders, for the shambles.

THE HOG.

As in preceding cases, I shall endeavor to abbreviate my suggestions concern-
ing this animal by making them general rather than special in their character.

Between it and the others, several marked differences prevail, which will be
hurriedly noticed. But before such notice, it is proper to inquire, Who can fail
to admire that Divine wisdom and goodness which have associated together
for our advantage so many animals essentially different in size, form, structure,
and habitudes, each looking to different departments of human wants, comforts
and happiness, and each by nature in special adaptation to the same climate and
soil, or, in other words, to one local habitation?

All these associate with, and in their lifetime, minister to the necessities of man,
except the one immediately under consideration, and his only utility commences
with his death. The horse lends his strength and energy to the service of man —
the ox to its labor and milk — the sheep its wool — but the hog makes no return
in his behalf during life. May it not be for this reason that his praise, unlike that
of the others, has never found place in the songs of the rural poets?

Besides this difference in utility a plainer one obtains in habits. He is the only
one of our list that is omnivorous feeding on vegetable and animal matter indis-
criminately. The indulgence of his appetite in this respect, though at times ab-
horrent and disgusting to us, and at others delicate and fastidious, is that which
places him among the most profitable of all farm animals, for his chief subsist-
ence is derived in many instances from such articles as no other animal would
eat, and which would otherwise be entirely lost to the farmer. This is seen in the
profitable consumption of the refuse of the mill, barn, stable, kitchen, and dairy;
also, in the feed lots of our cattle and around the butcher's pens.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 91

Another difference exists in the nature of its fat, as compared with that of other
animals, and on account of its oleaginous superiority, it has some advantages, both
as an article of food and in the arts, which the fat of others does not possess.

Taking into account these advantages peculiar to the hog, together with his
superior fruitfulness, it is not to be wondered at that such numbers are annually
grown. It may be safely calculated that every year, in the United States alone,
over thirty millions are produced, reared and slaughtered. This amounts to over
one head to each human being in the United States, and shows that with us pork
is the chief article of food of the meat variety.

As it regards "breeds," or the "breeding" of hogs, but little need be said. The
Irish, Berkshire, Yorkshire, Essex, Neapolitan, Suffolk, and Chinese breeds, either
pure or mixed, maybe found among us. Between these varieties, the farmer and
not the writer must discriminate in his selection, according to the purpose had in
view in breeding, and the change he may wish to effect in his original stock. As
a general rule, the earlier maturing varieties of the hog are best for family use,
though not always the best for drovers or butchers. A white color, "caeteris pari-
bus," is always to be preferred, and especially in those designed for table use,
when pigs.

As to breeding, the ordinary principles regulating the mode of producing the
best have already been alluded to, and are generally understood. Rearing them
under any systematic course of feeding on our cereals alone would perhaps prove
too expensive to be reduced to general practice, and therefore the consideration
of that subject is omitted. A thought or two, however, on the selection of ani-
mals for breeding purposes may not be amiss.

If it be proposed to form a herd, there should be selected from the variety pre-
ferred sows of good form, healthy and thrifty appearance, and of known fertility,
having an ample supply of dugs for nursing the greatest number of young. The
male should possess, in an eminent degree, every model quality which it is de-
sirable to impress upon this herd, or engraft on the original stock, and this is em-
phatically necessary in the case of the male employed in the first or virgin con-
ception, if the statements we find on record in various agricultural works be true
relative to superfoetation. By this term is meant the transmission of certain
qualities with which the first male characterized his offspring to other subsequent
generations by a different male.

It may not be uninteresting here to transcribe one of these instances, taken from
the pages of an author to whom the writer is indebted for many valuable sugges-
tions. The case is that "of a white and black sow, of Mr. Western's celebrated
breed, she being the property of a Mr. Giles, which was put to a wild boar, of a
deep chestnut color, and that was soon after drowned by accident. The pigs pro-
duced, which were the sow's first litter, partook in appearance of both boar and
sow, but in some the chestnut color of the boar strongly prevailed. This sow
was afterwards put to a boar of Mr. Western's breed, and the pigs produced were
stained and clearly marked with the chestnut color which had prevailed in the
former litter. Her next litter, by a boar of Mr. Western's spotted, black and
white breed, were also stained with marks of the wild boar, although in no other
instance, with any other sow, had the least tinge of the chestnut color been ob-
served."

The length of time which either a male or female should be retained as a breeder
must be determined by other considerations than those of age. In most cases,
when the farmer raises a large number of hogs, it will perhaps prove advantage-
ous to pass off annually to the butcher all his sows that have borne one litter,
and reserve as breeders to follow them their early spring pigs. By such an ar-
rangement, he will get rid of the barbarous practice of spaying them, and also of
all supernumeraries during winter, when the cost of keeping exceeds that of any
other season.

92 REPORT OF THE

But these observations must be brought to a conclusion, though the writer is
conscious that they are in some measure crude and undigested; still each has been
the result either of his own actual observation and experiment, or has been derived
from the ablest and most approved authorities. With such a basis they are very
respectfully submitted.

Essay by R. J. Spurr, of Fayette County, to whom ivas awarded the first premium.
SOME OF THE CROPS OF KENTUCKY.

To the Members of the State Agricultural Society:

Gentlemen : In redemption of a promise which I have made, I submit the fol-
lowing remarks, on some of the crops of Kentucky, to } r our consideration and
disposal :

Climate exercises a material influence upon the early maturity and luxuriance
of growth of plants. We have upon this continent all the gradations of summer,
or period of vegetable growth, from that of the few weeks of the Arctic regions to
that of perpetual summer within the tropics. The plants of the northern regions,
which have but few weeks of summer in which to perfect their growth, are dwarf-
ish in their character and rapid in their maturity. In the far North, we find but
forests in miniature, consisting of little oaks two or three feet high, loaded with
acorns, which mature during their summer; still further North, we find the forest
to consist of little willows but a few inches high. Upon the other hand, plants
which are indigenous to the tropics are luxuriant in their growth and slow in ar-
riving at maturity. So luxuriant is the growth of tropical vegetation that the
forests are an impenetrable thicket, with their topmost branches from one to two
hundred feet high, and so slow in arriving at maturity that the cotton plant of
Madias, in Hindostan, is perennial, and the sugar cane on some of the West In-
dia islands requires more than twelve months to mature.

From these premises we may rationally draw the inference that it is a law of
nature for plants which are natives of a Northern climate to be dwarfish in their
growth, and arrive early at maturity; those of the South luxuriant in growth and
slow to mature. Upon this view I propose to make a few remarks for the pur-
pose of eliciting observations and suggestions from others.

In Kentucky, the grains and grasses are of more general interest to the agri-
culturalists than any other articles of vegetable growth. In the grasses we de-
sire luxuriant and long continued growth; in wheat, for the purpose of avoiding
rust, early maturity and not so luxuriant growth; in corn, luxriant growth and
medium maturity. &c.

How are these things to be attained? If we examine well the premises above
laid down, we will cease at once paying tribute to Northern States for our grass
seed. The time was when this State produced its own grass seed, but for many
years we have been paying large sums of money to other States for this article,
especially that of clover. Have we been benefitted by this course? Let us see;
facts are stubborn things. About the year 1803, a gentleman of this county pro-
cured from the State of Pennsylvania a small quantity of clover seed, which he
sowed, and from year to year saved the seed and distributed it among his neigh-
bors, until, from this little beginning, the seed was soon generally distributed
through this part of the State, and nearly every farmer saved his own clover
seed. This course was persevered in for about twenty five or thirty years, at
which time the plant was perfectly acclimated; but at this time the enterprise of
the North introduced their seed into our market, and in a few years its produc-
tion ceased with us, and for the last twenty or twenty-five years we have sown do
other seed than that produced to the North of us.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 93

Now, what do you farmers, who have lived long- enough to have observed the
growth of clover during these two periods, recollect about it? Probably, if you
have forgotten, I may be enabled to refresh your memory somewhat on this point,
Do you not recollect that twenty or twenty-five years ago, in clover fields which
were kept from stock until the first of May, when you turned your large hogs in,
the growth was about as high as their backs; that from the tenth to the twentieth
of the same month it would reach your stirrups when riding into it upon an ordi-
nary sized horse, and that at cutting time, your grass would be, if standing up,
three feet high, but more generally fallen, and from four to six feet long? How
is it now with you? I hear a universal complaint that clover will not grow now
as formerly. Some give one reason for it, some another. Among the strongest
reasons I have heard assigned is, that our lands have lost the elements necessary
to the production of this plant. 1 answer that our lands here are much more fertile
than they were thirty years ago, and produce other crops more luxuriantly, and
that within a few years past I have sown land with clover seed, which had not
previously been in clover, and which I cleared from the wood in 1842, resulting
ma very short crop of grass. So the whole difficulty may be summed up in a
few words, and mark it and profit by it : We procure our seed from the North,
where its character is dwarfish or small, and its period of growth short, and the
inevitable result must be, that we have but a small amount of pasturage from this
grass, and but for a short period of time, as about half the grazing season it makes
no growth. The remedy is to save our own seed, and in a few years we will have
clover growing as it once did; thus keeping your money at home, and adding to
your means by being enabled to graze double the amount of stock upon your
grass.

I have probably said enough to attract some attention to the premises upon
which we base our remarks — that plants of Northern growth are dwarfish or
small in their character, and arrive early at maturity — that those of Southern
growth are luxuriant in their character, and are slow to mature — that the North-
ern plant removed to the South, for a period, still remains dwarfish and matures
early; but that in a few years it will gradully become acclimated, and partake, to
some extent, of the growth of Southern plants. But I will notice some observa-
tions made upon other plants. In consequence of the great drouth of 1854, but a
small quantity of hemp seed was made in this State, not sufficient to sow a crop in
1855. Some of our enterprising farmers formed a company, and sent an agent to
Russia with sufficient means to procure a large quantity of seed. This seed, I have
no doubt, where it was acclimated, made fair crops, but when sown here in our com-
paritively S outhron climate proved to be of no value to us, failing to make a
growth worthy of being harvested, and maturing very early. A change of
twenty degrees of latitude was too much for it. The same season our Kentucky
hemp made superior crops, and a new variety, the seed of which was procured
from the south of us, which has been recently introduced among our farmers by
an enterprising gentleman of Woodford county, made extraordinary crops.
The Russian variety of seed would probably, after a few years cultivation with
us, make a hemp of some value; but, in consequence of the extraordinary pro-
ductiveness of the new Southern variety, it will, in all probability, be neglected.
The best seed corn from the Northern part of the States North of us, when plant-
ed here, is very dwarfish in its growth, yielding but little fodder, and but a mod-
erate quantity of grain; ripens very early, and proves only to be what we call garden
corn. Upon the other hand, seed corn introduced from the States South of us, is
very luxuriant in growth, the stalks large, the fodder abundant, and the yield of
grain large, if its late maturity should not cause it to be injured by the frost. I pro-
cured from one of our Northern States, last year, some buckwheat seed to sow a part
of my crop, having some seed which was well acclimated by many years cultivation
here. The two parcels of seed were of the same variety of buckwheat, were sown in

y4 REPORT OF THE

the same field, and at the same time. The Northern parcel grew on an average
about thirty inches high, ripened two weeks earlier than the other, and made fif-
teen bushels of grain to the acre. My acclimated parcel grew to a height of four
feet, ripened sufficiently early, and made thirty bushels of grain to the acre. I
attribute the short yield of the Northern parcel, in part, to the fact that it was in
full bloom too early, which caused much of it to blast. If it had been sown two
weeks later, the difference in yield would probably not have been so great. In re-
spect to to the wheat crop, I can only say that so long as our acclimated varie-
ties do well, we run some risk in procuring seed for a crop from either North or
South. If from the latter, the growth of straw will be so great as to cause it to
lodge badly, and its lateness of maturity will cause great risk from the rust; on
the other side, if from the former, the straw will not be so heavy, and it will ripen
much earlier; but the probability is, that the yield of grain will be less than that
of our acclimated varieties. If there should be a desire to introduce new seed
wheat, it will be best to procure it from the North, as its early ripening will be,
to a large extent, a protection against the rust.

Although it does not come properly under the head of agriculture, yet from the
interest taken in the subjeet by most farmers, I cannot forbear a word of remark
in regard to the introduction of fruit trees, especially the apple. It has of late
been our fashion to procure large quantities of young apple trees from Northern
nurseries to plant upon our farms. We soon perceive that with all our care of
cultivation, they have not the luxriant growth of our native trees; and after years
of careful attention to them, we will find when they come into bearing that we are
disappointed in their quality, not from imposition practiced upon us by the nurse-
rymen, but from the fact that an apple which had proved in the North to be a good
winter variety, when brought to our climate, is only a fall fruit. Life is too short
to remedy such disappointments.

I wish to notice one other matter, and I am done, trusting that if the principles
laid down in this paper be well digested by those for whom they are intended, the
day is not far distant when they will say, "Well, it is strange I had never thought
of this," and that it may be one of the means, through the Kentucky State Ag-
ricultural Society, of developing the almost boundless resources of this great
Commonwealth.

Our National Government, through the agency of the Patent Office Depart-
ment, is introducing among us a great variety of seeds of interest to the farmer.
These, upon trial, have generally failed to meet our expectations, and are thrown
away. This should not be so. We should second freely this worthy effort by re-
peated propagation of the plant until it becomes acclimated, when we will be en-
abled to place a proper estimate upon its value. I desire especially to press this
subject upon the attention of farmers.

Essay by R. J. Breckinridge, D. D., " On Crops or Staples of any kind;" and
"On the Cultivation of Crops or Staples of any kind."

AGRICULTURAL LITERATURE.

This essay is designed to treat of Grass, as a staple in the agriculture of Ken-
tucky — and also of its cultivation. Two premiums are offered by the State So-
ciety — one for essays treating of any staple crop, as such — the other for essays
treating of their cultivation. As to many staples this division may be necessary;
but, not deeming it necessary in regard to grass, I shall condense into one essay,
what I have to say on both points.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 95

In one respect, all grasses that enter into any system of agriculture, may be
said to be cultivated. Nevertheless, there is a very wide difference between the
cultivation bestowed on grasses that are perennial, and on those which it is ne-
cessary to renew from time to time; and there is a difference also between the
treatment of the same grass, in the matter of cultivation, when it is designed to
be consumed in its fresh state, and when it is cured and kept for winter use.

Special crops, such as sugar, rice, cotton, and to a less degree, tobacco, hemp,
and the grape, may be considered as constituting a special interest, each for itself,
and each having special principles which are paramount in the culture of it as
the main staple. But in the absence of these and similar staples as absorbing
interests, and throughout the great middle latitudes of the earth, grass is the
proper basis of agriculture over all those immense farming regions which supply
mankind with meat and with bread, as well as with those innumerable comforts
and enjoyments, which adorn life and promote human progress. Wherever a
general system of agriculture is highly developed and prosperous, in any country
in the Avorld, there grass is the basis upon which that system rests: and the more
rierfectly this great principle is adhered to in any country, and more perfectly any
country is capable of being made available in this way — the more assured is
the advance of its agricultual prosperity above all other countries.

Those products of industry which will not advance at all except as man toils
upon them, are far below those which will advance with a moderate degree of
toil, and these again far below those which require hardly any toil at all. How
immense is the product of grass lands compared with the toil bestowed on them,
when compared with cultivated lands and the toil bestowed on them, and these
again compared with mechanical productions in a similar state of developement.
Besides all this, there is another and almost equal advantage. For after the direct
production of any manufactured article, there is no possibility of increasing it be-
yond itself, and the same thing is true of nearly all those agricultural productions
which are obliged to be disposed of in their raw state; but our grass, besides its
being produced with the very least comparative labor, after it is produced, sup-
plies the highest profits of agriculture by becoming the most appropriate food of
every species of live stock — thus combining the two chief elements of value in
the cheapness of its production and the high saleable quality of whatever feeds
on it.

To a country situated as Kentucky is, with nearly all her soil kind in the pro-
duction of grass, and the greater part of it equal to any grass land in the world,
the general principles which make grass the basis of agriculture in all the middle
latitudes of the earth, apply with most peculiar force to her. In every country,
it is of the greatest importance, considered as a mere question of political econo-
my, that all labor should be as productive as possible: and in every country, con-
sidered in the light of a high civilization, that mankind should have respite from
incessant toil. In Kentucky, where labor is so enormously costly, and yet where
our very woodlands, with ordinary care, will produce highly remunerating crops
of grass; in Kentucky, whose central position and her whole relations to our
great coutry, make it so much more important to her, to produce men, than any
other staple; every consideration impels her to shape her agriculture, which is
her greatest material interest, in such a manner as to make the labor of her sons
at once remunerative and light — at once consistent with their pecuniary interests
and the high progress of her people.

There are other most important advantages of grass husbandry, besides those
crowning ones to man, to labor, and to the culture of live stock of every des-
cription, which have been already briefly alluded to. Amongst the chief of these
may be mentioned, the land itself, and every species of crop taken from it. For no
one who has examined the subject, doubts that of all crops this is perhaps the
only one that improves the soil, and at the same time produces abundant value;

96 REPORT OF THE

and that every rotation of crops that contemplates either the condition of the land
or the products it will yield, must embrace grass of some kind as one of the
shifts. No labor can be remunerative on unproductive soils; while soils naturally
rich afford to agriculture its just and greatest elements. But the richest soils, as
we are learning to our cost, are capable of being destroyed. That system of cul-
ture and that staple, which will the most effectually preserve the productive quali-
ties of the soil, while at the same time it produces ahundant values, and also acts
most beneficially on every, other staple cnltivated in rotation with it, furnishes the
agriculturalist with all he can desire. For the immense farming region of the
earth, and amongst the chief for Kentucky, the grasses alone have been found
capable of doing these things. All other staples known to us, confessedly dete-
riorate the land in the lapse of years. The grasses alone, undoubtedly do not —
but in the opinion of many of those most competent to judge, do actually im-
prove it from year to year.

The grasses in common use in this State, are the blue grass, red clover and
timothy; to which may be added the white clover as a common spontaneous grass,
and the orchard grass as a cultivated grass, both for grazing and hay, which is
becoming more and more a favorite grass. Other kinds are too little used to re-
quire particular notice, and even the white clover is mentioned only because,
though little valued it holds so tenaciously to our old and hardly used pasture
lands. The blue grass, is undoubtedly the finest permanent grass for pasture
known to us : and its extraordinary value for all our purposes, as a permanent
grazing grass, leaves us nothing to desire in that respect. The red clover is a
biennial plant, and therefore not fit for either meadow or pasture as permanent
grass. But while it lasts, whether for meadow or pasture, it is of inestimable
value; and its broad leaf and tap root renders it, as one shift in a rotation of
crops altogether indispensible, if we consider the land, and desire to draw any
thing from the atmosphere for its use, or to leave any vegetable matter in the soil
for the use of succeeding crops. As a grazing grass, timothy is the most indif-
ferent of our grasses, and as winter food in the shape of hay, it in not much
better than the straw of any small grain. Still it is so easily cultivated, so
productive and so permanent as a meadow grass that it is not without its value
to us. The orchard grass, on the contrary, finds it very hard to win a place in
our agriculture, notwithstanding its great value. As a meadow grass, whether
alone or with red clover, it is superior to timothy in all respects; and as a per-
manent grazing grass, it is far superior to every thing but blue grass. For the
double purpose of hay and grazing, no grass is equal to it.

Instead of entering into details relating to the cultivation of these different
grasses, which would be of little importance in a country where they are so gen-
erally known, I will limit myself to a few general statements which I consider
worthy of serious attention, and which are the results of much experience and
reflection.

1. It is much more difficult to get land perfectly and permanently set in any
kind of grass than is generally supposed. Many people seem to think that the
soil produces good grass itself — and that all our misuse both of the land and the
grass, will not hinder us from having good grass under all circumstances. We
might nearly as well expect to have a good crop of wheat under similar circum-
stances. When land is once thoroughly set in grass congenial to it — blue grass
for example, on our fine limestone lands — the grass will certainly endure a great
deal, make a grand struggle for life, and die very hard. But he who supposes
that good grass comes by chance — or that continual efforts to destroy it, is a good
way to use it, will find himself mistaken. I repeat, that it is very far from being
either an easy or a sudden thing to get a farm well set in grass; very far from
being a certain thing that our grass, after we have gotten it, will flourish under
excessive abuse.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 97

2. Pasture lands should be grazed on these two principles, to-wit: First. Let
the o-rass always have a fair start before it is grazed, and so graze it, if possible,
as to let it keep always well ahead. With a full bite, live stock get more food
and better, and in half the time and without a tenth part of the injury to the
grass; while at the same time the land is protected and shaded by the full crop
of grass — and more stock can be thus supported on the grass. In our best grasses
this is a nice operation; for example, the red clover ceases to produce leaves as
soon as it blooms — and therefore, to let it bloom is to diminish immensely its
value for grazing. And blue grass in very light lands, is terribly pulled up by
cattle and horses, in grazing after the grass has gone fully to seed. Secondly. Have
the grass crops of the year grazed off one time, pretty clean, within the year. I
consider the summer the best time to do this; others prefer other seasons. Grass
is an annual growth — and we might as well let our wheat or corn stand over un-
gathered, as to use our grass in the same way. We want the grass for use — and
so far from being an injury to it, we benefit it by consuming, at least once a year,
and reasonably close the product of the year. Not bare, so as to injure the young
^rop, but only so as to get the old crop, as near as we can.

3. I object, in the most decided manner, to the plowing under of our grass
crops, when green. In the greater part of our Kentucky lands, deep plowing, or
sub-soiling is incomparably more profitable, and hardly atall more troublesome
than plowing imder a rank crop of grass. But, on the other hand, it is greatly
to be doubted whether, in the long run, a crop of grass considered merely as a
manure, will not do as much good after passing through the stomach of our live
stock, as by being plowed under; and, in the mean time, by one method we got
only the manure — while by the other we get the manure and get a crop besides.
Moreover, this process of turning under green crops in this latitude, must be done
ordinarily when our fervid sun is burning upon the exposed land, and when the
shade of grass upon it is nearly as important as the manure the grass would.
make under it.

4. The fattening qualities of grass as compared with grain, have been greatly
underrated by most persons who have not paid particular attention to the subject.
An ox confined exclusively to grass, will thrive rapidly, and at last become very
fat. It is extremely doubtful if an ox could be kept alive till he was fully grown,
if confined exclusively to any one kind of grain — and it is certain that he could.
not be fatted if fed exclusively on it. No experiments have been made in thi»
State, with sufficient accuracy to determine positively the relative value of corn
and grass in fattening stock — especially cattle, even when the stock is allowed.
the fodder as a change; but the estimate of those who have paid most attention
to the matter, is that in the unlimited use of both, grass is at least doubly as effi-
cacious as corn.

5. Where grass is properly used, pasture becomes continually better the long-
er the land lies in grass, When land is first laid down to grass, especially land
which has not been long in cultivation, it is only the product of the seed we have
sown that springs up on it. But plants of other kinds gradually appear in pas-
tures as they become old. Only a certain amount of any vegetable production
will flourish on a particular soil; but a great mass of other kinds will grow on it
at the same time. We have all seen an immense crop of corn, another of pump-
kins, and another of various kinds of weeds, grow in the same field at one time.
Something similar takes place in our pastures and meadows. The spaces which
one kind of grass does not occupy become full of other kinds; and these various
kinds coming forward successively, greatly increase both the amount and the
quality of the production. This immense advantage is altogether peculiar to
husbandry, whose basis is grass. And it should teach U3 the double lesson, of
mixing our grasses whether for pasture or meadow judiciously and richly, and

98 REPORT OF THE

of allowing our lands to continue in grass as long as the system of cropping we
adopt will allow.

6. The importance of green food in winter, is not sufficiently attended to, either
by our breeders or grazers. It is almost indispensable to young stock of every
kind — as well as to all animals giving suck — and all out of health. It may be
provided in some good degree, by any kind winter small grain, sown early in the
fall expressly for the purpose, and plowed up, if necessary, the next spring. It is
the most economical extravagance, both of labor and grain, a farmer can practice.
But the real method is, to save grass expressly for winter grazing. Blue grass not
grazed after June, will support nearly as much stock the following winter, as it
would have done if grazed on till winter feeding commenced. There may be
exceptional and very hard winters, when the thing would fail. But there are
very bad seasons in which our summer crops also fail. Such exceptions though
very pernicious, should not deter us from a settled system which ordinarily works
well.

7. Like all other husbandry that which is based on grass, is liable to special
ihelps or special drawbacks, according to the particular use made of it. Thus
the beauty and perfection, as well as the course and profit of our grass husband-
ry, will be very much affected by the particular kind of stock we handle, and the
particular manner in which we do it. It is extremely easy to have fine grass if
we handle only cattle and sheep, compared with what it is,. if we handle only
mules and hogs; and moreover, we must to some extent use different grasses,
and use them in a different manner, according as we turn our attention chiefly to
one or other kind of live stock. But these are questions which do not belong to
the subject under consideration, since in every case, though in different manners,
the grass and live stock not only belong to each other, but the profit of each de-
pends in the highest degree on the other.

8. I ought to say a few words about the hereditary enemies of grass — those
apparently imperishable foes who ought to be hated of every agriculturist, and
to make us hate whom more and more, is one of the great benefits of a husband-
ry based on grass. There is iron-weed, and fox-tail, and careless, and rag-weed,
and dock, and burs, and brown sedge, and mullen, and polk, and Canada thistle,
and white blossom, and ground moss, and briars, and cane — to say nothing of the
ceaseless efforts of the soil to cover itself afresh with bushes of all sorts, and
nameless shrubs and annual weeds. There is nothing for it, but that we fight
them manfully from year to year. And we know full well, that of all the staples
cultivated by man, not one unites with him in this war upon ill weeds, which is
the portion of every farmer, with such determined hostility as those very grasses
for which .1 am pleading. Let us not allow our children to say of us, as we fear we
are obliged to say of our fathers, that with all their great qualities, they had this
grand defect, that they did not understand the importance of killing weeds, which
I take to be the first work of a real farmer. All weeds are not equally injurious,
and indeed many are in a certain sense even valuable as food for live stock; nor
are they all equally tenacious of life — some being also only annual plants, while
others biennial, and others perennial. But they are all destructive, in a higher
or lower degree, of all grasses — and all are injurious in a special manner to one
or other of the species of grass raised by us.

9. I have already alluded to the influence of this kind of husbandry on the
population of any country, by reason of its effect in lightening the toil of the
farmer. But there are other effects of it, hardly less important to man. Of all
systems of husbandry it is at once the most beautiful and the most healthful; so
that by means of it above all others, not only is the labor of the vast populations
of the earth devoted to agricultural pursuits, made lighter and more remunerative,
but those populations are the most delivered from all diseases which have a local
origin, and the most favorably situated to be morally influenced by whatever

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

is beautiful and attractive in rural life. It is impossible to estimate too
highly the influence which our daily occupations, and the constant objects which
surround us, exert upon us. And what I mean is, that this sort of husband-
ry, in its very nature and in all the circumstances which attend it, is not only
pre-eminently favorable to the general progress of an agricultural population —
but also to the personal developement of the individual man. He who said that
the man who made two blades of grass grow where only one grew before, eonfer-
ed a o-reat benefit on society, did not speak idly, whether we consider the material
or the moral interests of mankind.

Essay by R. J. Breckinridge, D. D., of Fayette County, to whom was awarded the

second Premium.

ON BREEDING STOCK OF ANY KIND.

The particular stock to which the following remarks more immediately relate is
the Short-horns, commonly called Durham cattle. But the great principles laid
down apply to all kinds of domestic quadrupeds. The Short-horns are selected,
because they are at the head of all races of cattle; and therefore in a country,
the basis of whose husbandry is grass, they are at the head of the live stock in-
terest. Anything which promotes their intelligent culture must promote, in the
highest degree, the agricultural interest of the State. The single point herein
discussed is breeding — that being the only one embraced in this particular theme,
as assigned by the State Agricultural Socieiy. And the object aimed at is to state
brieflv and clearly the great principles which breeders must understand and adopt,
if they would breed with certainty and with profit,

Laws of Nature. — There are two natural laws which lie at the foundation of
this whole subject, both of which we must steadily regard. The first is, that like
produces like. What we expect and desire in the olfspring we must find in the
parents. This stability and uniformity of nature is the very foundation of the-
whole order of the universe. We are not entitled to expect that it will be depart-
ed from for our advantage, nor need we have any fear that we may not trust im-
plicity to its force. What we mean by pure blood or high bred is, that the ani-
mals thus designated belong to a family that carries very far, and that has car-
ried very long, the power to produce other animals having the particular quali-
ties we prize nnd seek. This great law of like after like is subject, like every
other law of nature, to be weakened or to be increased in its power, and is liable
to operate to the great injury or to the great advantage of man. But its exis-
tence and its fundamental importance must be recognized in every step the breed-
er takes.

The second of the two great natural laws alluded to above may be thus stated:
Culture is capable of modifying the great law of like after like, both for good, and,
for evil, to the utmost extent compatible with the enduring power of the law itself.
It is impossible to set limits to the injury or the improvement that every thin*
whbh exists is capable of Avhile yet remaining essentially the same. While the
first law teaches us that we can create nothing, the second law teaches us that
we can improve every thing that exists. These two laws give to the breeder all
the control that is possible or desirable over the subject. Absolute unity, cer- '
tainty, and steadfastness in the thing, and yet almost boundless variety in the
modes of its manifestation — these are the two grand truths which the breeder
must operate with in all his endeavors to perpetuate or to improve any race of
animals.

100 REPORT OF THE

Fundamental Results of these Laws. — In the first place it is utterly im-
possible for us to perpetuate artificial peculiarities of any kind whatever. A
horse, nicked or foxed, never begets a nicked or foxed colt. In the second place,
natural peculiarities, congenital, as they are called, when they are uniform in the
particular race, will be propagated with like uniformity; thus no Short-horn is of
any color but white or led, or a mixture of both. In the third place these natu-
ral peculiarities, even when they are personal to the particular animal, are, to a
certain extent, propagated in its offspring; thus a bull born without a tail, or with
a very coarse head, may be expected to have some calves with similar defects,
and following up we might at last establish a family thus accidentally originated
by nature. In the fourth place, we may, by persevering neglect, or ignorance,
or design, greatly seduce nature to originate these accidental varieties, and tor-
ture her into the production of deformed, or barren, or monstrous animals. In
the fifth place, we may, by docile, assiduous, and kind waiting on nature, so learn
her ways and so win her smiles that our wise and experienced endeavors to help
her efforts will be followed by abundant rewards in the increased beauty, excel-
lence and value of all we rear. In the sixth place, our wisdom is, therefore, to
avoid carefully all those peculiarieies which are merely personal to particular an-
imals, and to select animals for their general perfection in the peculiarities com-
mon to the race; for, in the former case, we are liable to an excessive and spe-
cial development, while, in the latter case we may expect general excellence and
improvement, which is what we want.

General Principles Founded on these Laws and Results. — A vast
amount of injury is done to domestic animals of all sorts by crossing various races
of each kind upon one another. No man can guess of what race, or of what
mixture of races, the common cattle, horses, sheep or hogs of the country origi-
nally came. But every man can see how few capital animals are to be found
amongst any of them. This promiscuous method of breeding one variety upon
another, subverts the first law, and resists the uniform endeavor of nature, as ap-
plied to the whole subject of breeding. We cannot even keep up a race of half-
breeds by breeding half-breeds to each other. How then can a race with a multi-
tude of different crosses in it possibly be either uniform or valuable? To adhere
tenaciously to an unmixed blood, is the very first requisite in all breeding that
aims to preserve the excellence we have already secured, or to increase it, in any
race of animals.

2. The question of pure blood, as applied to every race of animals, has al-
ready been explained as a matter of principle. As a matter of fact, in the case
of each particular animal, while we are left, in a great degree, to depend on the
testimony of owners and traders for extended pedigrees, yet there are natural
marks well known to experienced breeders, and clearly laid down in all the books
which treat of the different races of animals, which render gross imposition im-
possible on those who understand their business. A thorough bred Short-horn is
as easily distinguished from other races of cattle as a Saxon sheep is from a Cots-
wold, or a race horse from a cart horse; and unless we will put ourselves to the
trouble of being qualified to do this, we must be content to trust our ignorance to
chance. With regard to herd books, we are liable to form very erroneous opin-
ions. Those books are of very great value, precisely as any other means of ad-
vertising is, and also very much as a record office of land titles is. But it is very
idle to suppose that all advertisements are strictly true, or that all lands with a
perfect title are rich lands. Many herd book pedigrees are, on their face, con-
demnatory of the animals advertised, and not a few are incorrect. That breed-
ers do not guard against such evils, or that they are not sufficiently informed to
do so, are amongst the reasons why they are so often disappointed in the stock
they breed.

3. Itisone evil result of the various errors already alluded to, that any coun-
tenance should be given to attempt to elevate high grade cattle to something like

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 101

an equality with those of pure blood. Short-horns are a distinct and very an-
cient variety of cattle: for our purposes in Kentucky, and in the West generally,
incomparably the best race of cattle. High grades are, no doubt, a very great
improvement on the common cattle; but to dignify them -with the name of full
blooded, and to allow them to be considered as a near approach to the pure blood-
ed, is a very serious error, which can work nothing but injury to the stock of the
country, and which can impose on none but ignorant breeders. If the Short-
horns were a race made by crossing several other races — which some have igno-
rantly pretended — even then it would be useless for us to work the race over again
by new crosses. But seeing it is a distinct, peculiar and very perfect race, crea-
ted, perhaps, at first, and very anciently, by natural congenital peculiai ties in cer-
tain animals, and afterwards most carefully bred and improved by culture
through many centuries, and now widely diffused and multiplied in all the finest
portions of the earth; it is mere wantonness for those who are interested in this
noble race to connive at practices so injurious to its reputation and value. If full
blooded means anything else than thorough bred, then it means grade, and ought
tc be so called; but if it means to place the grade on a level with the pure, then
it is mere folly or imposture.

4. Thus separating the pure from the grade, produced by itself, and from all
mixture with other races, no matter how excellent, we are restricted in breeding
to animals of the one race, and this universally in all breeding that aims at per-
manent improvement. Pure breeding is, therefore, necessarily in-and-in breed-
ing, to a certain extent. How far that principle should go, and by what means
we can best avoid its supposed evil results, are questions upon which great differ-
ence of opinion exists. In this country there is a general prejudice against in-
and-in breeding; and breeders of Short-horns generally have accustomed them-
selves to keep their bulls only for a few years, and to seek breeding animals as re-
motely related to their own herds as they could obtain. It is this same feeling
which has created and sustained such constant and excessive importations of
Short-horns from England; although, in the judgment of those most qualified to
judge, and who have had the best opportunities of forming an opinion, we have
in Kentucky larger herds and better animals than exist in England. The most
certain and the most obvious effect of this method of breeding, is to deprive any
particular herd of any distinct character peculiar to itself. The general improve-
ment of all mir>ht possibly be promoted in this manner if all breeders were skill-
ful and experienced. But the special improvement of any, to a very high de-
gree, is nearly impossible, under such a system, by which every breeder guaran-
tees, in a manner, the skill and knowledge of all the rest, and at the same time
deprives himself habitually of advantages obtained by his own skill or good for-
tune at the very moment those advantages are most important.

5. As a matter of fact, experience has clearly proved that, while in-and-in
breeding, followed ignorantly or indefinitely, may produce much injury; at the
same time, in-and-in breeding has been so followed as to produce not only the
very finest animals, but the very finest herds of the race. As a matter of princi-
ple, as has been already intimated, in-and-in breeding is but another name for
pure breeding, for all pure breeding is confining ourselves to one race, while in-
and-in breeding is but confining ourselves to a few, or to a single family of that
race. If we will be guided by nature, her proceedings are invariable as to the
method by which she keeps races distinct and carries them to perfection. For all
animals that pair, pair out of the same litter from generation to generation; and
amongst all gregarious animals, not only does the same herd continue itself, but
it happens necessarily and continually, that the very closest in-and-in breeding,
both up and down and collateral, is the very rule of her work. In both in-
stances the result she produces is a uniformity and a perfection in every species
up to the highest points permitted by the circumstances of each. The general

102 REPORT OF THE

truth undoubtedly is, that by skillful in-and-in breeding-, we intensify the prevail-
ing blood, whatever tbat is; we get rid of all subordinate mixtures and tenden-
cies; we five increased stability and uniformity to the peculiar characteristics of
the race, and we establish, in the firmest manner possible, all the qualities of the
race, whatever they may be. It cannot be too distinctly understood that this
question depends essentially upon another already spoken of. If the Short-horns
be a distinct and a pure race, in-and-in breeding is a certain way to perfect it; but
if it be a made race, in-and-in breeding is a certain way to break up its mixtures
and to bring out the prevailing race out of the several races which compose it.
As there can be no doubt that it is a pure race, the popular prejudice against in-
and-in breeding, as applied to it, is unfounded and injurious.

6. There is some difference of opinion as to the age at which animals should
be put to breeding. The prevailing opinion amongst the best breeders is, that
heifers should bring their first calf at about three years of age — some respect
being had to the season of the year at which the calf should come — and that
bulls may be allowed to serve a few cows without injury to them, at fifteen or
eighteen months old. The average time of gestation for a cow is 280 days.
Nearly all heifers will bring their first calf at two years of age, or even younger,
if permitted; the effect of which is apt to be to retard the complete development
of the cow, if not to injure her permanently in size and appearance. Under all
circumstances, this race of cattle appears to be liable to occasional barrenness in
both sexes, and to compensate for it by occasional excessive fecundity, twins be-
ing far more common than barren animals — both of which facts, if not peculiar
to this race, are far more common than in any other. There is no reason to be-
lieve that the offspring, either of the cow or the bull, depends upon the age of
either parent for its excellence, except so far as the health of the parent and its
adequate vigor may be considered as influenced by its time of life. As a race,
the Short-horns are vigorous, healthful, and long lived. Among them, as
amongst all creatures that exist, there is reason to believe that hereditary quali-
ties that are personal, descend most surely across the sexes, to-wit: from the
male parent to the female issue, and vice versa. A remarkable fact of the very
highest importance, of which all ages and condittons of men have had a vague
conviction, which nothing but experience can establish, and which well deserves
a more serious examination than it has received.

It would add many millions to the wealth of Kentucky if all her cattle could
be supplanted by this race of Short-horns, or even by high grades of them. Even
the permanent establishment of numerous herds of pure blood and high excel-
lence in her unequaled grass region would open a mine of wealth to the State-
The culture of them, moreover, besides being amongst the most remunerative
branches of rural economy, is one of the most rational and beautiful parts of the
farm life of our land holders. The great attention, therefore, which is paid to
them by all our agricultural societies is one of their most beneficial acts, and
this little attempt to promote their objects will be accepted, at least, as a token of
the satisfaction and good wishes of an old breeder.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

ESSAY ON SOILS,

10«

Accompanying a Collection of Kentucky Soils sent for exhibition at the meet-
ing of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, by D. D. Owen, State Geol-
ogist, to whom was awarded the First Premium

Whence are the soils derived? Can they be distinctly traced to the subjacent
rock formation?

What is the chemical composition of soils?

What part of the soil actually enters into the composition of the plant, and is
essential to the full maturity of any given crop?

What are the principal ingredients of the soil abstracted by cultivation?

How are these best restored?

These are questions of paramount interest to the farmer, and their correction
cannot fail to confer information of vital importance to the agricultural commu-
nity of the Commonwealth.

Let any one traverse the State of Kentucky from south-east to north-west,
from Ballard county, on the Mississippi, to the interior of the "blue grass"
country in Fayette and Bourbon counties, and take particular notice of the prin-
cipal varieties of soil as he passes through the various counties, and he cannot
fail to observe seven very different kinds of soil.

1. The fine textured, light yellowish, grey, silicious, marly and loamy soils
which prevail between the Mississippi and the Tennessee Rivers, in the counties
of the Jackson Purchase, supporting, where most silicious, a growth of barren
oak; where more marly, especially in the vicinity of the principal water courses,
a large growth of poplar, walnut, beech, ash, sugar-tree, and large overcup and
black oaks.

2. The brownish red calcareous clay soils of Lyon, and Caldwell, and Critten-
den counties., formerly open grass or prairie lands, now, since the settlement of
the country, grown up with black jack, red oak, black hickory, and black
walnut.

3. The mixed arenaceous and argillaceous soils of the southern and middle
parts of Union county, the greater part of Hopkins, Ohio, and Grayson coun-
ties, supporting a mixed growth of poplar, oaks, hickory, ash, walnuts, and sugar- _
tree.

4. The silico-argillaceous soils of the knobby region of Bullitt, the slope * of
Muldraugh's Hill, and along its range through portions of the western part of
Bullitt, the eastern part of Hardin and Larue counties, characterized, where
most silicious, by chesnut oak, white oak, ash, small hickory, and black gum;
where more argillaceous, by the addition of beech, and, where locally calcareous,
by groves of sugar-tree.

5. The light, ash-colored, tenacious, wet, clay soil towards the base of the
same range of hills, where beech, oak and hickory prevail.

6. The chocolate-colored, magnesio-calcareous soil, on the eastern part of Bul-
litt and Jefferson counties, together with a narrow belt of country stretching
through the western confines of Nelson, supporting a growth of white and red
oak, hickory, dogwood, poplar, and sugar tree.

7. The eminently argillo calcareous soil of the celebrated "blue grass lands"
of the middle counties, supporting a growth of beech, buckeye, elm, blue ash,
poplar, sugar-tree, and walnut.

Through the greater portion of the counties of Breckinridge, Edmonson, and
Warren, he will find a repetition of the same kind of soil as in Lyon, Caldwell,
and Crittenden, with, however, an admixture and alternation of sandy loams
with the calcareous clavs.

104 REPORT OF THE

Beyond the blue grass region he will find, with the exception of the quarter-
nary loams, a repetition of the same kinds of soil, with some modification, but in
an inverse order, terminating with the arenaceous soil on the waters of Big
Sandy bordering on the Virginia line.

If the observer have a general knowledge of Western geology, he will at once
observe that each of these well marked soils are co-extensive with seven princi-
pal rock formations on which the soil is based.

The first overlying the newest or most recent of all the geological formations
of the State (except the alluvial lands or the river bottoms,) and known as quar-
ternary deposits.

The second being in immediate connection with the Barren limestone forma-
tion.

The third prevailing over the area of the western coal measures of the
State.

The fourth coincident with the fine-grained argillaceous sandstone of the
knobs.

The fifth based on the black bituminous shale at the base of the knobs.
The sixth overlying benches and cliffs of buff and variegated limestones, often
highly magnesian.

The seventh co extensive with the range of the blue limestones of central Ken-
ucky.

Thus proving incontestably not only the derivation of the soil from the subja-
cent geological strata, but disclosing, at the same time, marked peculiarities in
each soil, rendering it better adapted for certain growths than others.

For instance: He will find the fine silicious loam and quarternary marly soil
well suited to the gi'oth of maize and fine silky tobacco: the barren limestone soil,
though yielding also good crops of tobacco, is peculiarly adapted to the growth
of certain grasses and small grain, and it is well known to the early settlers of
this region of country, that the original growth of "barren grass" on the virgin
soil in question was so luxuriant that it reached the height of a man on horse-
back; the blue limestone soil is emphatically a blue grass and hemp country, be-
sides being well adapted for corn and wheat.

This intimate connection between the soil and underlying geological formation
is capable, moreover, of being carried into greater minutia, since it can already
be shown that several subdivisions of leading formations in part distinctly recog-
nizable peculiarties to the soil. It will suffice, at present, to cite a few instances
in the range of the blue limestone.

The soil produced from the upper members of this geological formation in
Spencer county gives rise, almost exclusively, to beech growth, and is well suited
to the growth of wheat, oats, corn, and clover.

In Nelson county a substratum of silico-calcareous, reddish brown earth is
traceable, in which large fragments of certain species of marine fossil shells are
universally disseminated, composed almost exclusively of quartz, resulting from
the decomposition of certain shell beds of limited thickness, occurring in a par-
ticular position in the blue limestone formation of Nelson, which is coincident
with the so-called "blue ash" lands of Nelson county.

In the center of Washington county there is a different kind of soil on which
tobacco grows too rank and coarse, but which is excellent hemp land, and on
which an exceedingly large growth of yellow poplar flourishes. This soil can be
traced to a substratum — a member of the blue limestone — distinct from that of
the adjacent white oak lands in the neighborhood of Springfield, in the same
county.

Besides these variations in the quality of the soil derived from certain subdi-
visions of the same leading formation, changes will undoubtedly also be discov-
erable in the soil derived from rocks of the same age in their superficial exten-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 105

sion over distant parts of the State, corresponding to local modifications in their
lithological character, since a formation of the same age may be a limestone at
one locality, a marly clay at another, and some times even pass into an arena-
ceous rock at a third locality; these changes having been brought about by the
particles of clay remaining much longer suspended in water than the heavier
grains of sand, and consequently are transported further, and carried out to sea,
or into the gulf or estuary in which the deposit subsided. Such modifications in
the chemical composition of the same member of the same formation occur, even
in its extension over a single county.

It should be observed, however, that where the soil is composed of accumula-
tions of transported materials or washed debris from ranges of hills composed of
various rocks, little or no analogy can be traced between the soil and subjacent
rock.

How various, then, must be the soils of Kentucky, both in their physical prop-
erties and their chemical composition!

These facts are ample testimony of the general geological truth, that soils are
derived from and generally partake of the chemical constitution of the .adjacent
rock formation. When the chemical composition of the various soils of Ken-
tucky come to be thoroughly investigated, the intimate relation between the soil
and subjacent rocks will be still better comprehended than at present, and the
importance of the analytical observations on the rocks and soils appreciated.

Already this work has been commenced, and will be carried into that minutia
and conducted upon such a plan as can hardly fail to result in most important
practical agricultural information. A few of the results already obtained may
be here appropriately cited.

The two soils, No. 1 and 128, of the collection, derived from the superior
member of the quarternary deposits, containing, according to Dr. Peter's analy-
sis, from forty-seven to seventy nine per cent, of silicious earth in a fine state of
division, which indicates that they will retain moisture, alkalies and oaganic ma-
nures much more effectually than soils with an equal amount of ordinary palpa-
ble sand; while, at the same time, they are soils that require the least possible
labor and power to cultivate, by reason of their mellow texture. No. 126, hav-
ing essentially the same geological origin, is remarkable for the large amount of
soluble ingredients in the State fit to enter into the circulation, and ready pre-
pared for the immediate nourishment of the plant.

The coal measure soils, Nos. 10, 138 and 155, contain from 86.5 to 90 per
cent, of silica and insoluble silicates; they are rich in alkalies, containing 0.373
of potash and soda combined, which is over one-tenth more than was found in
the rich Fayette soil No. 127; but it has much less carbonate and phosphate of
lime than the Fayette soil, and less than half the quantity of organic matter, and
therefore not so well adapted for wheat, rye, buckwheat, hemp, flax, mustard,
hay, turnips, esparsette, red clover, and vines. The ashes from these plants
containing, not only considerable portions of phosphoric acid, but also large
quantities of lime. On the other hand, the soils of the coal measures which
have a sufficient quantity of lime in their composition, and containing as much
potash as the above analysis show, will yield a better quality of tobacco than the
blue grass soils of similar composition to number 127.

The barren limestone soil, generally, is remarkable for the large proportion of
peroxide of iron which enters into its composition — three to five per cent. — which
imparts a deep reddish brown color to the soil, but more particularly to the subsoil
of this geological formation. This, together with the considerable quantity of
alumina, frequently present in these soils, give them a great power of absorbing
ammonia from the atmosphere, and imparting the nitrogenous principle to the
roots of plants. This is one of the causes which renders these soils far more fer-
tile than was at first supposed in the early settlement of the country, and which

106 REPORT OF THE

rapidly raised the value of these lands in the estimation of the farming commu-
nity from $5 to $40 per acre in the course of a very few years, even where these
lands lie distant from lines of internal improvement.

The knob sandstone imparts character to the soil only over limitated spaces,
parly because the summits of the knobs are sometimes capped with the sub car-
boniferous limestone of the preceding group, and partly on account of the exten-
sive denudation slips and slides which have taken place where these rocks exist
on acconnt of the softness of the rock itself and the ease with which the underly-
ing argillaceous beds are acted on by frosts and floods.

It is a soil very liable to wash, and being mostly on hillsides, it is, for the most
part, thin and shallow, and the surface gullied and broken. Over the limited
areas where it may be recognized, it is a fine silico-argillaceous or loamy soil,
resting always on a clay subsoil.

The soil derived exclusively from the black bituminous shale, at the base of
the knobs, is decidedly of a stiff, wet, cold, tenaceous nature, so retentive and
stubborn that it is at present seldom brought into cultivation, and if cleared
and enclosed, usually left for pasture; but, lying at the base of ranges
of knobs, it is fortunately more frequently commingled with silicious earth wash-
ed down from the superior knob sandstone and sometimes with marly earths de-
rived from the decomposition, either of the sub-carboniferous limestone, when it
caps the knobs, or from the encrinital limestones interstratified in the knob for-
mation, and then forms a very durable, though still refractory soil; capable, how-
ever, of rewarding the industrious farmer who will spend the labor necessary to
drain it of superfluous moisture, and take the pains to mellow its texture by fre-
quent deep plowing with alternate harrowing and rolling, and the application of
a top dressing of burned clay and lime. Of the former, abundance is always at
hand, and limestone can generally be found not far off. When thus subdued,
the soil will produce very fine crops of wheat. Excellent grazing farms may be
located on such soil.

It is also worthy of particular notice here that both the calcareous materials
required to reclaim these stubborn clay soils are usually within a convenient dis-
tance in adjacent hillsides, hollows, and ravines.

No analyses have yet been made of the magnesio-calcareous soils to enable
me to draw any important inferences or comparisons; one fact, however, which
has been noticed in regard to them in the north-east part of Bullitt, is this: that
if the soil be too severely taxed with exhausting crops without taking timely
means of sustaining the powers of the land, it will at last no longer produce, clo-
ver which prevents the farmer from resorting to green crops of this description,
either for hay, pasture, or renovation of the land with any prospect of success.

Up to the present time, but few analyses have been made of the different va-
rieties of blue limestone soils. Those which have been made show that they are
rich in most of the ingredients necessary to fertility, especially in phosphates and
carbonates of lime, and by a careful and judicious management, and a proper
rotation of crops, such lands may be kept for centuries in cultivation without ex-
hausting them of the elements of fertility.

In that portion of Nelson county watered by some of the branches of the Chap-
lin Fork of Salt River, as well as a long narrow strip of beech land, extending
through the eastern part of Fayette and Jessamine counties, a silicious mudstone,
intercalated in the blue limestone formation, reaches the surface and imparts a
peculiar character to the soil, which deserves the particular attention of the
farmer, the geologist, and chemist, since it appears to require a very different
management and system of cultivation from the ordinary blue limestone soil.
Samples of this soil have been collected for analysis. We refrain, at present,
from inferences in regard to it until further light has been thrown on its consti-
tution by the chemical analysis.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 107

I shall now call attention to certain general well established facts that demon-
strate, forcibly the advantages of a minute knowledge of the chemical composi-
tion of the soil in connection with correct information in regard to the fixed inor-
ganic constituents detected in the ashes of certain plants, and which are evidently-
derived from the soil on which they grew, the amount of which can be estimated
by quantitative analysis.

In France the tobacco trade has long been a most lucrative Government mo-
nopoly. The Department in charge of the business caused a number of accurate
chemical analyses to be made by experienced chemists of the ashes of different
kinds of tobacco. These chemical analyses finally demonstrated that the value
of tobacco stands in a certain relation to the quantity of potash contained in the
ashes, and they furnished a means of distinguishing the different kinds of soil
on which the tobacco, under examination, had been cultivated. It was, moreo-
ver, shown that just in proportion as certain kinds of celebrated American to-
bacco deteriorated in quality, the quantity of ashes diminished,.. and this deterio-
ration was no doubt due to the soil on which it grew, becoming gradually ex-
hausted of the potash and lime, which, with silica, are the principal constituents
of the ashes from this plant.

The chemical analyses of soils has, moreover, proved that it is of the utmost
importance to ascertain, not only the proportion of the oxide of iron present, but
the condition of that oxide; i. e., whether it is in the low state of oxidation, pro-
toxide or high state, peroxide; since it appears that the condition of protoxide
of iron, on account of its strong affinity for oxygen, exerts a powerful deoxidizing
influence, i. e., abstract oxygen from the air in the pores of the soil, which ele-
ment is essential to the healthy, vigorous vegetation of plants. This condition
of oxide of iron is more frequently met with in the subsoil than in the surface
soil, and subsoils containing a notable quantity of this oxide always exert a bane-
ful influence upon plants like clover and other grasses whose roots penetrate
deep; and such subsoils, if turned up by deep pluwing, and intimately mixed
with the surface soil, is found to be injurious for many years until the protoxide is
saturated with oxygen, or, in other words, passes into the state of peroxide.

I will here cite a few instances of soils and subsoils whose temporary barren-
ness has been traced to the deoxidizing influence of protoxide of iron.

On a loamy soil, in the vicinity of Brunswick, sainfoin never could be culti-
vated on it more than two or three seasons in succession. On making an analy-
sis of the deep seated subsoil, it was ascertained that it contained a little over one
per cent, of protoxide of iron, and that as soon as the roots of this liguminous
plant reached within the deoxidizing influence of the protoxide of iron, it sickened
and died.

The soil of a barren heath in the vicinity of Walsrode, in Luneberg, was found
to contain near four-tenths of one per cent, of protoxide of iron, to which, together
with the deficiency of the phosphoric acid, was attributed the cause of its ste-
rility.

Some of the ingredients essential to the fertility of a soil amount only to a frac-
tion of a per cent., and hence it requires the most minute and careful analysis to
detect them. For this reason some of the early investigators, and analysis of
soils, though amongst the most experienced chemists of the age — Davy and Ber-
zilius — failed to detect the minute portions of potash, soda, chlorine and sul-
phuric acid, which are now found never to be absent in fertile soils. Since the
introduction of new and approved methods into chemical analysis, these sub-
stances can not only be detected, but their quantity estimated in five hundred
grains of a soil, and it has been ascertained that some sterile lands, containing
only a few hundredths of a per cent, of potash and soda, may be made to grow
a crop or two of buckwheat, after being several times burnt; but very soon be-
come exhausted of these alkalies, and then are absolutely barren.

108 KEPORT OF THE

•

Wheat cannot be made to mature on a soil that cannot be made to eliminate
both silicate of potash and phosphate of lime, for these are essential ingredients
in the full developed plant. It is not immaterial in what combination the phos-
phoric acid is, since it is probable that when united with oxide of ir.m as phos-
phate of iron it is the cause of rust; at least it has been observed that a fine grain-
ed loamy soil of Brunswick never produces a crop of "corn"'* without the stem,
and even the grain being attacked with yellow rust, and the corn much shrunk.
This soil was found by analysis to contain over half a per cent, of phosphate of
iron, and it was supposed that this ingredient might be the cause, because it was
proved that the disease was unconnected with excess of moisture or any atmos-
pheric or meteoric agency, inasmuch as, when the soil was removed to other situ-
ations and spread fifteen inches deep, in the midst of a field possessing a different
soil, barley that was grown on the transported soil was still attacked with rust,
while that grown on the adjacent soil of the field was not at all affected. It
should be observed, however, that this rust-producing soil contained also a nota-
ble quantity of protoxide of iron, which, as has been shown, exerts deleterious
influences, but probably not that of producing rust, because this soil, after being
burnt (which would peroxidate the iron of the burnt portion at least,) still con-
tinued to effect both oats and barley with rust, even on those parts of the field
which had been manured with marl, lime, and peat ashes.

This much, however, is certain, that phosphoric acid, combined lime, i. e.,
phosphate of lime or bone earth, is not only highly beneficial but absolutely essen-
tial in a soil, for it is found in the ashes of all plants, and is especially abundant
in corn, in all small nutritive grains, beans, peas, (fee, and it is from these that
animals derive all their bone earth, without which their osseous skeleton would
have no strength or stability. It is the removal of this substance, together with
the alkalies, sulphuric acid and chlorine from the soil, after a continued succes-
sion of crops of corn, that chiefly causes the exhaustion of the land.

Another very important inorganic element in a soil is sulphur, which usually
exists in a soil in the state of sulphuric acid, and most frequently combined with
lime, as gypsum, but sometimes alkalies. United with ammonia, it forms the
best combination for assimulation with plants, for when the elements of water
are removed from this salt, both the sulphur and nitrogen liberated enter largely
into the composition of plants, the former being especially characteristic of the
vegetable casein of peas, beans, and other liguminous plants. When common
salt is eliminated by the decomposition of the ingredients of a soil, or is added as
a saline manure to soil containing sulphate of lime, a mutual decomposition en-
sues, giving rise to the formation of sulphate of soda and chloride of calcium —
an analogous decomposition takes place by contact of sulphate of lime, and the
carbonate of ammonia, dissolved by rain out of the atmosphere, giving rise, in
the soil, to sulphate of ammonia and carbonate of lime.

As a general rule, redness in a soil may be regarded as a favorable indica-
tion, since it is due to the presence of peroxide of iron, which has great powers
of combining with ammonia and probably absorbing it from the atmosphere and
bring it within the reach of plants, f which on account of the nitrogen which itcon-

*Corn stands here for small grain collectively — a common application of the term in
Europe.

+ Some writers on agricultural chemistry seem to think that the ammonia detectable in both
the peroxide of iron and alumina of soils may not necessarily have been derived from the
atmosphere, but may have been eliminated from nitrogenous organic matters in the soil; but
since ammonia can be detected in large quantities in ferruginous subsoil, containing little or
no organic matter, and also in clays destitute of organic principles, these are not likely to be
its source; besides, the presence of ammonia in the atmosphere is now universally admitted,
from which it must be continually washed out and conveyed to the soil by every shower of
rain, and will, undoubtedly, be imbibed principally by those constituents for which it has a
tpecial affinity.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 109

tains (one equivalent,) is of great importance to plants. The red lands of
Cheshire and Somersetshire produced from the decay of the trias system, as
well as the red lands of Devonshire and Herefordshire, derived from the De-
vonian or old red system, are amongst the most productive lands in Great Britain.
It is true, that where the members of this formation are over limited tracts, ex-
clusively sandstone, as in parts of Pembrokeshire, the derivative soil is not fer-
tile; but this is because it is almost entirely composed of sand, and hence, being
too porous, it allows every thing soluble to filter through it, or, in the language
of the farmer, "eats all the manure and drinks all the water." But the most
loamy of the red lands of Hereford afford the finest crops of wheat and hops,
and bear the most prolific apple trees and pear trees, and the sturdiest oaks in
all England; and the red clay and red loamy soils of Cheshire, Somerset, Staf-
fordshire, and Leicester are capable of producing the most abundant harvests of
almost any crop that may be put on them. The fertility of these soils is proba-
bly in part due to the property already mentioned, of imbibing and distributing
ammonia to vegetation.

Alumina and gypsum have an equal if not greater power of absorbing am-
monia after rains. Small quantities of pipe clay moistened with caustic potash,
has been observed to give off ammonia for two days or more. But alumina acts
beneficially in soils in other ways; first in absorbing and retaining moisture, and
hence, when in proper proportion in a soil, renders it retentive and counteracts
the very detrimental, porous property of loose sand which permits water to
drain or filter away, and carry along with it not only the organic manures, but
also the soluble inorganic constituents: secondly by its disintegration, which is
slow; it likewise liberates alkalies and supplies them by degrees through a long
series of years, and this property seems to be promoted by burning the clay,
which also has the effect of rendering it more porous and permeable, and there-
fore improves the physical texture of the soil. Yet the proportion of free alum-
ina in fertile soils is not great, only from three to eight per cent, in SprengeFs
analysis. And there is a fertile soil analyzed by the same chemist, from Wal-
denreid, in which he reports only 0.65 of alumina; but I am induced to believe
that the 88.456 per cent, given of silica and coarse silicious sand, if decomposed
by fusion with carbonated alkali, would have yielded an additional quantity of
alumina and alkali, united with the silica; if not, this soil would form a remarka-
ble exception to this rule.*

The chemical analysis of soils seem to prov3, moreover, that these inorganic
constituents are even more essential to fertility than humus or organic matter.
It is true that organic matters improve the texture of the soil and its hygro-
scopic properties, and aid in furnishing carbon and nitrogen, but it is now almost
universally admitted that carbon is supplied mainly from the atmosphere, and a
considerable proportion of the nitrogen from the ammonia transferred from the
atmosphere to the soil. This consideration, together with the inference deduced
from the analysis of some fertile soils, shown to contain only one or two per cent.
(or even a fraction of a per cent.) of soluble and insoluble humus and nitroge-
nous matters all combined, lead to the belief that original organic elements in
the soil cannot be so indispensable as was formerly supposel.

Ammonia, potash, soda, lime.f carbonic acid, phosphoric acid and sulphuric
are therefore the basis, and acids most essential and soonest exhausted; hence it
is an important consideration. How can they be most easily and cheaply restor-
ed to the soil?

If the elements which the soil has lost exist in the subsoil, then this is always
the most accessible source whence they may be obtained, either directly by sub-

* I suppose that what is given in Sprengel's analysis as silica and siiicious sand must be
more properly insoluble silicates.

t Silica, alumina, oxide of iron, and manganese are hardly ever absent, because not easily
washed out or removed from a soil.

110 REPORT OF THE

soiling or indirectly through the medium of green crops like clover, white lupins,
rape, &c, which extract these elements from the subsoil, and will ttansfer them
to the soil, if they be turned in three or four inches deep before the plant is in
full blossom, or when the seed is in the milk, would probably be better. The
turning in of green crops not only transfers important elements from the subsoil
to the soil, but it adds other elements which are derived, either directly or indi-
rectly, from the atmosphere, carbon, nitrogen, and some oxygen; enriching,
therefore, the soil with the organic elements at the same time that it supplies in-
organic compounds; hence the more of the green crop that can be spared for ma-
nuring the soil the better. In this country, at the present time, the turning in
of green crops affords, as a general rule, the most feasible means of resuscitating
land, and it cannot be too forcibly or too frequently impressed on the recollection
of the farmers of Kentucky that, if a proper system of green manuring was al-
ways resorted to in time, and judiciously alternated with other crops, many of
the million of acres already in this new country turned out to waste, might still
be liberally rewarding the owner (or his labor in cultivating it. I say turned
out to waste, because it too often happens that a great number of old, abandoned
fields, situated on rolling ground, are furrowed and gullied by every rain, and in
a short time becomes so badly washed as to be passed reclaim.

Green manuring has also another advantage, that a lar^e portion of the ele-
ments required for the restoration of the soil are fixed on the spot which are lost
even by the most careful system of saving barnyard manure — part of the ele-
ments escaping from the dung heap into the atmosphere, while others are wash-
ed away by rains. Besides, the manure furnished by the green crop is much
more easily assimilated, since it rots or decays more rapidly than herbage which
has undergone desection.

Next in importance to green crops, for the restoration of exhausted elements,
is the adoption of a farm yard arrangement by which all the liquid manures can
be saved, and the drains from dung heaps recovered and spread upon the land,
as these liquid manures are exceedingly rich in fertilizing elements, the solid
parts being, in fact, even more so than guano itself, worth $40 to $5D per
ton.

Then there are certain native earths and marls, sulphates, carbonates, phos-
phates, peaty matters and muck, which, if they be sufficiently accessible, maybe
applied with extraordinary benefit in restoring the abstracted elements. To point
out these is especially the province of the geological survey of the State.

In some portions of the State, particularly through a portion of the barren
limestone district, farmers are frequently greatly annoyed by the fields which
have been set in grass becoming overrun with a shrubbery of young trees spring-
ing up spontaneously, usually sassafras, persimmon, oak, shumack, and white
poplar. This difficulty may generally be overcome by sowing the gr^ss seed suf-
ficiently thick, and permitting sheep to pasture on the fields, with other stock;
deadening the young trees a sufficient distance (say three "or four feet) above
the ground in July, when the sap is up, will, probably, be also found an efficient
means of destroying them.

In the course of my investigations into the characters of the soil of Kentucky,
in connection with its geology, I have so far found but one district where benefits
from deep plowing have not been experienced. As yet very little real subsoil
plowing lias been attempted, but wherever deep plowing proves advantageous,
the probability is, that subsoiling will also be found remunerative. Where a soil
is too wet and based on a clay subsoil, it often happens that little permanent ben-
efit is derived from subsoiling, unless it be preceded by ditching to drain off the
superfluous moisture, because, in such cases, one season often suffices to wash
back the clay into its original position, where it soon becomes as hard as ever.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. Ill

Where a soil is already too porous, and is based on sand or gravel, or lies close
to the rock, subsoiling may prove of no advantage, or even detrimental by per-
mitting the water to filter still more rapidly through the soil, either into the po-
rous substance or into the cracks and fissures of the rock. The presence of pro-
toxide of iron in the subsoil may also offer an objection to subsoiling, or rather,
subsoiling in such a case may prove injurious for a time. There are, however,
very few cases that present themselves in practice where deep plowing and sub-
soiling are not ultimately productive of good effects.

In conclusion, I would remark that the soils which have been collected in
Kentucky during this season for chemical analysis, have been selected wherever
it was practicable, with two important objects in view:

1. To ascertain what are the original constituents of the virgin soil, and what
it may have lost by continued cultivation.

2. With reference to the subjacent geological formation, in order to ascertain
the chemical peculiarities of the soils derived from different formations.

Hence, whenever it was practicable, the nearest underlying rock formation
has always been noted at the time the soil was collected; and for the most part
when samples have been taken from the unbroken forest land, another sample has,
at the same time, been collected from an adjacent old field, which formerly sup-
ported the same kind of timber. A specimen has also usually been taken of the
subsoil from the same old field. By this method we hope to be able to ascer-
tain exactly what the soil has lost by cultivation, and likewise show whether the
ingredients which have been removed with the successive crops can be found in
the subsoil. If so, then the inference is that subsoiling, or any other method,
will be calculated to renovate the land that will transfer these ingredients from
the subsoil into the soil.

The various samples of Kentucky soils which have been put un for exhibition
at Ihe meeting of the State Agricultural Society, will show what progress has
been made in the prosecution of this highly important and useful department of
the geological survey of the State.

ON THE CULTURE OF FRUIT AND FRUIT TREES IN KENTUCKY.

Before treating on the separate varieties of fruit trees, it will be well to say
something about the soil, situation, and management of the nursery, as applicable
to any and all varieties.

The soil for a nursery should be rich and deep, and if new ground, so much
the better, though the stumps may be much in the way for several years. If on
old ground, it should be well dressed with lime, or still better, if obtainable, ashes.
No stable manure should be used. The soil should be broken up as deep as pos-
sible and subsoiled in the fall, that the freezing and thawing of winter may pul-
verize it. Early in the spring, cross plow it; then, if run together much, plow
and harrow and drag each portion at the time of planting.

The first care must be to obtain good stocks, and these are in most cases grown
from the seed. It is indispensable to have in connection with a commercial nurse-
ry a specimen orchard, to contain at least one tree of each kind intended to be
propagated; and there should be room enough to add from time to time the new
kinds that on trial prove to be worthy of a place there.

Apple grafting is generally done in the winter. The stocks should be taken
up in the fall, and packed in leaf mould or sand, in a cellar or some other cool,
moist place. The scions may be cut at any time after the fall of the leaf.

REPORT OF THE

Apple stocks are best at one year old, if large enough, though they are gen-
erally grown two years before they make good stocks; they should be from one-
quarter to one-half inch in diameter at the collar.

When ready to commence grafting, wash enough stocks for a day's work, cut-
ting off the tops of the stocks about one inch above the collar, then trim off the
fibrous roots to within one-eighth of an inch of the main roots, and cut them into
pieces from one to six inches long, cutting the largest roots shortest to secure a
uniform growth. Now cut your scions into pieces of from three to five buds each,
cutting from fifty to one hundred before you begin to graft. These are now to
be cut with a slant of from one to one and a half inch at the but end, at one
clean, smooth cut, so as to leave a plain surface to unite to the stock. A tongue
is to be cut about two-thirds of an inch from the top of the cut surface, running
about the same angle and about half an inch deep. Having prepared all the scions
in this way, take one of the pieces of root, and, holding it firmly in the left hand,
cut at one stroke a shaving about one inch and a half long from one side of its
upper end, cutting about one-third of its diameter. At about one-third of the
distance from the top, cut a tongue to correspond with that of the scion, and put
them together, taking care that the bark of the stock and scion come together, on
one side at least. A boy now takes the graft and wraps it with waxed cloth, to
cover all the cut parts and bind it firmly together. This waxed cloth is made by
wrapping strips of old calico, about three-quarters of an inch wide, into balls,
being careful to put the end of each piece under that of the preceding one, so as
to raise it when unwrapped, otherwise the end will be hard to find. These balls
are to be satuated with grafting wax. This is made by melting together in an
iron pot one lb. beeswax, one lb. rosin, and two lbs. lard or tallow. When tho-
roughly melted, throw in the balls and allow them to remain till no more bubbles
rise from them when pressed. Now take them out and press out the excess of
wax between two small pieces of board, and, when cold, they are ready for use.

Each day's work of grafting should be packed away ,in boxes of convenient
size, carefully placing them in regular order and filling up the space between them
with sifted leaf mould or sand, so that they may not touch each other. If more
than one kind is put into a box, a partition must be put in between them, and all
carefully labelled. When the box is full, put it in a cellar till planting time, look-
ing at them occasionally, and, if necessary, watering them. If the cellar is cold
and damp, they will not require watering.

To Grow Stocko — The apple seed may be sowed broadcast or in drills, in the
pommace, just as it comes from the press. This should be done as soon as pressed,
otherwise the pommace will ferment, and the seed will not grow. If the seed is
not sown on new mellow soil, fall sowing is best; if the soil is liable to run to-
gether by the winter rains, it is better to defer the planting till spring. In that
case, the seed should be washed out from the pommace and mixed with moist
sand and kept till spring, planting as early as the ground can be got in good or-
der. Plums, Peaches, Apricots, and Cherries should be planted as soon as taken
from the fruit, or kept till spring in moist sand, exposed to the freezing and thaw-
ing of winter. They should be planted in drills about four feet apart and ten or
twelve inches in the drill. They will be ready to bud the same season.

Anger's Quince Stocks, for dwarfing Pears, (no other kind will answer) are
now generally imported from France. They are easily grown from cuttings or by
the process of layering. Each nursery should have a number of "'stools," or
plants set about six feet apart, for making layers. These should be bent down
and covered with earth as early in July as the state of the growth will admit.
The quince does not require tonguing; they root freely when simply bent and
covered with earth. They will be well rooted by fall. Mahaleb Cherry, Dou-
caine and Paradise Apple stocks, and possibly Plums and Pears, may be grown
in the same way. These will be required to be tongued, or cut partially through

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 113

at the lowest portion that is turned down, and covered with earth, otherwise they
are slow to produce roots. The plums and pears are rather difficult to grow, and
in most cases do not produce roots till the second season, hence they are general-
ly grown from seed. The Mazzard Cherry is generally used as stocks, but it is
not as well adapted to this climate. The cold winter of 185l-'2, as well as the
last, has shown that the finer cherries are not so hardy on the Mazzard as on the
Mahaleb, which has the property of retaining its leaves till late in the season* aad
which property it in some measure imparts to the graft, thus enabling them, more
fully to mature the wood and buds without endangering the crop, as well as- the
health of the tree, by a second growth in autumn, which frequently occurs whe»
the leaves fall in August. If the fine Biggarreau and Heart Cherries are ever
grown successfully in Kentucky, the writer is satisfied it must be upon the Maha-
leb stock.

To return to the apple grafts. As early in the spring as possible, to avoid se-
vere lifting frosts, set them out in well prepared ground, in rows three and a half
to four feet apart and about one foot in the row. If the season is dry, put them
sodeep that the top bud shall be even wich the surface of the ground. All the
further attention they will require will be good culture, to keep the soil mellow,
and keep down the weeds, and occasionally an examination to see that no sprouts
from the stocks are growing. These should be removed as soon as discovered.

In two years they will be ready to remove to the orchard. This may be done
at any time from October till May, if the ground is in good order. The best
method is to plow the ground and subsoil very deep in the fall, and set out the
trees early in the spring. They should be carefully set in large holes, and the
soil well pulverized, when it is returned; much pains s-hould be bestowed upon set-
ting out trees properly; success depends upon it. Most men understand the nii-
nutia of planting better than they practice. Carelessness in setting out trees is
wretched economy. It is better to set out no more trees than can be carefully
treated in setting and after culture. The soil best suited to most kinds of apples
is a good stiff clay loam, well drained naturally. They do well upon heavy oak
land, and will adapt themselves to almost any soil, but in a light sandy soil many
kinds fail to give satisfaction. Apple trees are generally set from thirty to forty
feet apart. If the soil is good, a crop of potatoes, sugar beets, or some other
roots may be grown in the orchard the first and second seasons. Don't plant too
near the trees; and cultivate them well with the hoe till after midsummer. After
the second year, a crop of corn may be grown, and when the grain is glazed, it
may be fed off by hogs, and immediately plowed. This course may be continued
to advantage for three or four years, or even longer. After that time, it may be
well to set the orchard in grass for a few years, but a better practice is to culti-
vate the trees annually, keeping down the weeds in summer by frequent har-
rowing. If set in grass, sow no small grain with the grass seed, and when the grass
is cut, mulch around each tree with a portion of it to the extent of four or five feet.
This mulch may remain three or four years, adding to it, if necessary, to keep
down weeds; but if field mice harbor in it, it must be forked in the fall to prevent
them from gnawing the bark of the trees. Careful culture and attention to the
orchard will amply repay all labor bestowed.

Young apple trees should be examined several times each season to prevent the
growth of branches where they are not wanted. The finger and thumb is the best
pruning knife, but to be efficient, they must be applied frequently. Trees proper-
ly grown need never have large branches cut off. The head of the trees should
be kept spreading and open, and well balanced.

Peach Trees, when the seed is planted as before directed, may be budded the
following August or September. In selecting buds, be careful not to use fruit
buds, as this is a frequent cause of failure. These are more prominent and
rounder than wood buds. A little observation will soon enable the novice to dis-

114 REPORT OF THE

tinguish them. Peach trees should be set out when the bud has made one sea-
son's growth. They should stand tweniy feet apart, high and dry; moderately
rich soil is best suited to them; they should be well cultivated in some hoed crop,
and be kept free from grass or weeds; if in rinh ground, grass is nut very injurious
to them; but on poor soil, it very much affects the size of the fruit. Early in the
spring of each year, they should receive a general pruning by "shortening in,"
or cutting off three quarters to a hulf of the last season's growth. When first
set out, they should be cut back severely, and no large forks should be allowed to
grow, as they are apt to split with the weight of the tirst crop, and ruin or greatly
disfigure the tree. All the branches should stand well out from the body of the
tree to prevent this accident. The annual pruning will give a full spreading com-
pact head. Part of the branches of the top must be removed occasionally to pre-
vent the top from becoming so thick as to exclude the sun. To grow high flavor-
ed, high colored peaches, the sun and air must reach them freely.

It is a good plan in a locality so far South as Kentucky, to cause all fruit trees
to branch near the ground, as the body and large branches are thus protected
from the direct rays of the sun, and the tree is consequently much more vigorous
and free from disease. The peach tree is liable to be injured by the "borer,"
which attacks it at the surface of the ground, or sometimes a little below it. At
each annual pruning, a careful search should be made for these grubs. They can
be easily detected by the gum containing their exuviae, which is seen on the tree
where they have entered. Remove the earth a little, and with a hook-billed
pruning knife cut through the bark till you find the grub, taking care not go girdle
the tree in the operation. Or they maj be killed by pouring boiling water around
the collar of the tree. This will not injure the tree, but, on the contrary, has been
found to benefit it. Peaches require to be thinned on the tree when they are set
very full; ihey should not be closer than six or eight inches apart. This thinning
should be done by hand. It may be necessary to go over them three or four
times to get them thin enough. Few persons have the nerve to thin a crop of
peaches sufficiently while quite small, for it looks so much like taking off the en-
tire crop. Good fruit always command a full price and ready sale. If carefully
handled and brought to market in handsome condition, it pays well (or all extra
labor and attention, while common fruit, carelessly handled, will, in a season of
abundance, scarcely pay for hauling to market.

Pears are budded or grafted on seedlings for orchard culture, and on Anger's
Quince stocks for dwarf or garden culture. They may be budded so soon as the
buds are mature, or grafted early in the spring on the stocks as they stand in the
•nursery rows. They do not succeed well if taken up and grafted as apples usu-
ally are. They should stand two seasons in the nurseiy rows. Standards for
the orchard should be set twenty feet apart, in good, deep, dry soil. They should
branch low, and must be well cultivated or mulched.

The great drawback to the culture of the pear is its liability to a disease called
the blight, of which there are several varieties. The most fatal form is that called
by some the frozen sup orfireblight. This disease has not for several years been
so prevalent as formerly. By watching the trees and cutiing off the affected part
several inches below the appearance of the disease, trees may frequently be saved
that would perish if neglected. Some kinds are more liable to this disease than
others. Among those that have been found most exempt from its attacks are
those excellent kinds, the Seckle and Buffam. Were it not for this disease, the
pear would be one of our most hardy fruits. Some of the oldest fruit trees in the
country are pear trees. Dwarf pears should be set in good garden soil, six to
<ei«-ht feet apart, and receive annually a good dressing of manure in the spring, to
be forked in in the fall. Chip manure, mixed with ashes, is the best kuvJ.

A favorite way of growing them is the pyramid form; to form a handsome pyra-
mid requires some experience, and when rabbits are abundant, they are apt t

STATE AGRICULTURAL SuCIETV. 115

injure the lower limbs in winter. A form easier attained is the common tree shnpe,
with a stem from twelve to eighteen inches high, keeping a spreading head, if
possible, by pruning always to an outside bud or pinching back the upright shoots
and stni"'"lin<>- growth at intervals through the summer. Dwarf pears come into
bearing very early, and some kinds require thinning severely, while the fruit is
small, as they have the habit of overfruiiing, and if allowed to remain, the quali-
ty would be inferior. There are but few kinds that are known 10 do well and
make lasting trees on the quince stock; and one reason why dwarf trees have
been unpopular, is doubtless the working of kinds on the quince stock that are
not suited 10 it.

Plums. — But for the ravages of the curculio, this fruic would be very satisfac-
tory in Kentucky. If any effectual remedy should be discovered, the plum will
become a favorite fruit. There is quite an interest extant to find some effectual
remedy. At present the most effectual means known to secure a crop, is to shake
the insect off the trees, early in the morning before the warmth of the sun has
made ihem active, by a smart blow with a mallet against the end of a short stick,
Which should be thickly padded at the end set against the tree ; or a limb may
be hawed off, leaving a stump an inch or two long for the purpose of jarring the
tree by a blow from the mallet, without injuring the tree. A large sheet should
first be spread under the tree, that the curouitq may be caught and killed. By
commencing this process as soon as the young p'ums are as large as peas, and
continuiii" tt as long as any curculio are found — carefully collecting and destroy-
ing all punctured fruit — the amateur may raise plums enough to reward him for
his labor and vigilance ; but the process is loo tedious to be profitable to grow
this truit for market.

The plum does well on a heavy clay soil ; if moist, so much the better, provi-
ded no water stands upon it long enough lo become stagnant. Heavy clay soils
afford also a tolerable protection against the curculio. They are not nearly so
troublesome in such a soil as in a warm, light soil.

Mums are propagated by budding or grafting on the most vigorous of the sviid
varieties, or on the common blue or Horse Plum. They should be budded early
in ihe season, as the wood of the plum iree matures early, after which the bark
becomes fast, and buds inserted after the adhesion of the bark are apt to fail.
The Lombard Plum will reproduce itself from seed. Though not a high flavored
fruit, it is desirable because it rarely fails to produce good crops, and is very
hardy. The Washington, Jefferson and Green Gage suffered more than others
from the last severe winter. Many trees of these varieties were killed outright.
Apricots and nectarines, but for the same insect so fatal to the plum, would be
universally cultivated in Kentucky ; the apricot particularly, from its ripe< ing at
an interval in the fruit season between the small fruits and the peach. Its fine
appearance and flavor constitute it a great favorite with all. The sani precau-
tions against the curculio are lo be used, as recommended for the plum. Apricots
aDd nectarines may be budded on either plum, peach or almond stocks. The lat-
ter is preferable to the peach. Some prefer the plum to either as a stock, but the
great difference in their growth renders it necessary to bud very low, otherwise
there will be an unsightly offset at the point of union By budding low, this
point may be below the surlace when the tree is set out. The trees ^eem equally
healthy upon eh her of these stocks.

They should be planted on moderately rich, high, dry soil, twenty feet apart,
and treated as directed for the peach and plum ; that is, tne upricot as plum, and
the nectarine as peach trees.

Chekkies — Such of the finer varieties as have had a fair trial in Kentucky,
with those modifications in their culture which our soil a-nd climate sug;es + .. have
ltd to the hope that nearly, if not quite all the varieties of this delicious fruit,
may be grown here, when we understand its culture more perfectly. The com-

1 1 6 REPORT OF THE

mon Morello Cherry is universally grown and is quite hardy. The Kentish and
seedlings closely resembling it, are grown quite as successfully in many parts of
the Slate, under the name of May Cherry, or sometimes erroneously, Cluster
Cherry. The Kentish, or Early Richmond is one of the best of the sour cher-
ries, and should supercede the Morello altogether, as it is quite as hardy and
productive, and is much superior to it in every other respect. Next to these va-
rieties, in point of hardiness, though not equalling them in productiveness, stands
the May Duke, then the Elton, one of the finest flavored of cherries. All other
kinds have been more or less affected by the intense cold of the last severe win-
ters, and are not to be relied upon under ordinary treatment. Dr. Kiriland, of
Ohio, has produced several new seedlings which promise to supercede the old
•well known kinds in quality, with the great advantage of being hardy. Should
further experiments confirm this promise, they will be an invaluable addition to
our at present limited list of reliable cherries. The cause of the failure of both
cherries and plums, is not that they are not capable of resisting a low tempera-
ture when the season's growth is mature, but becanse they mature their growth
earlv and frequently cast their leaves in August, after which time, should the
season be warm and moist, the flow of sap is resumed after a few weeks of rest,
rend' ring the young wood and buds peculiarly susceptible to injury from freezing.
Cherries are propagated by budding on stocks of the Mazzard, a wild Euro-
pean variety, producing small black fruit, or on the Mahaleb, a dwarfish variety,
producing very small bitter fruit. The latter variety has but lately been used
here as a stock, and from certain peculiarities it possesses, those who have tried
it are led to hope that it may be better suited to the South than the Mazzard,
upon which hitherto nearly all the finer kinds of cherries have been worked, and
which have proved little better than failures.

The quality particularly relied on in the Mahaleb, is its dwarfish hah and
the fact that it retains its leaves till very late in the season, thus keeping up the
growth through our long summers, with less vigor, producing less succulent and
better matured wood, capable of resisting the rigors of winter, because the ten-
dency to an autumnal growth is avoided. The cherry is particularly liable to
injury from the rays of the sun, when the trunk and large branches are exposed
to them To shield it from injury it should be made to branch low.

The Mahaleb stock is found to impart to the scion the tendency to extend its
season's growth and the retention of its foliage. It also checks its excessive vi-
gor. If, therefore, it be planted in rather thin scil and protected from injury from
the sun by its own foliage, we may expect to grow cherries here to perfection.
The Mahaleb does not fully dwarf the tree. They grow to a sufficient size for
oichard culture, and, if planted fifteen feet apart, they wdl soon occupy all the
ground.

Grapes. — The cultivation of grapes as a dessert fruit, and for the purpose of
mak' or wine, calls for somewhat different management. As both objects are of
consiaerable interest to our State, both from the adaptedness of our soil and cli-
mate, each will be briefly noticed, though for the vineyard culture of the grape
it would transcend the limits of an essay of this kind to undertake anything more
than to urge its importance upon all who have high rolling lands in the rich lime-
stone regions of the State. Those who intend to plant vineyards wilf, of course,
employ experienced men, if they have not themselves the requisite knowledge.
There are several valuable works on this subject, which should be carefully stu-
died. before embarking extensively in grape culture. It is very important to start
ri^ht. It may not be amiss to say, that wine is destined to become an important
item in Kentucky products at no distant day. Those who have suitable lands,
anii incend to embark in this culture, should profit by the experience of others,
and prepare their sod by deep trenching, otherwise they must not expect a per-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 117

manent and profitable vineyard. This is abundantly proved by all experience.
Trenching is the most expensive, as well as the most important requisite to suc-
cessful grape culture.

Grapes are propagated by cuttings of last season's growth, cut in lengths of
three buds or joints, the buts cut square and just below a bud. Autumn is the
best time to make cuttings. They may be tied into bundles and buried till the
buds swell in the spring, and then set out in nursery rows three feet apart and
about six inches in the row ; or they may be set out where they are to grow in
the vineyard, setting two cuttings at each place. In this case a stake should be
set, where the vine is to grow, and the two cuttings placed with their tops close
to the stake and their lower setting from the stake in the direction of the rows at
an angle of about 45 deg., so that if both grow, one may be removed without in-
juring the roots of the other.

Where grown for fruit for the des>ert, grapes may be planted in rich, deeply
trenched soil, eight feet apart, in rows ten feet apart. They will require no trel-
lis for two years. A good trellis may be made by setting 9 feet cedar posts 24
feet apart, (anchoring the end posts by a cross piece in the ground,) and three or
four strands of No. 9 wire, at equal distances apart, the lowest about 18 inches
from the ground, and the upper one at the top of the posts, securing the wire to
the end posts with strong staples or large-headed spikes, and to the intermediate
posts by staples of the same size wire. This will be found neater, more perma-
nent, and more convenient than a wooden trellis. The higher the vines are
trained from the ground the better. The first year they may be allowed to grow
without much care, except good and clean culture. The second year, cut off all
but two buds, and after the shoots from them are sufficiently grown to be out of
danger of being broken off by the wind, break off the weakest of them. The
following autumn, cut the remaining shoots back to three or four buds, and in
the spring allow the two strongest to grow. Train them on the trellis, and keep
off all laterals, forming two clean canes four or five feet long. After they have
made this growth, they will require no more attention till fall, when they should
be cut back to three or four feet ; and if you intend to train the vines in a regu-
lar shape on the trellis, lay them along the lower wires of the trellis and allow
the shoots to grow up the following season, at the distance of about a foot apart,
and rub off all other buds. They will now produce a crop of fruit, and the fu-
ture treatment will be to keep them in their shape by cutting, each season, every
alternate shoot back to two eyes, and training the shoot from only one of them,
so as to produce bearing wood for the next season.

An easier method of training the vine is called the " renewal system." To
train by this method, cut off one of the shoots of the second year's growth to
two buds, instead of training on the lower wire, and each season produce a clean,
solid cane of four or five feet from one of these buds, while the cane of the pre-
vious year is producing fruit. No vine should be allowed to produce fruit till
the cane of one season's growth is at least half an inch in diameter, and great
care must be exercised to prevent over-cropping, as to this cause most of the fail-
ures in grape growing are to be attributed. When the vine puts out in the spring,
train the bearing cane either in a bow or in a serpentine direction, to prevent the
excessive flow of sap to the extremities. Then pinch out every other bud, allow-
ing the formation of one good shoot, free from laterals. The point to be kept in
view in training grape vines, is to keep from forming old, worth'ess wood, by
keeping the young wood as near the roots as possible. Either of the methods
referred to will keep the vine in a permanent form.

When the vine grows near a tree, or any other high and large support, they
do well without any pruning, if allowed to ramble at large. The best manure
for grape vines is ashes and leaf mould ; stable manure making too luxuriant,
long jrinted growth, which does not mature. The best growth is short-jointed
and round, the wood being hard and well matured. No good crops will be pro-

Lib REPOBT OF THE

duced on pithy long jointed wood. When this sort of wood is produced, manure
with nothing but ashes The best grape for out-door culture is the Catawba,
next to this the Isabella, then the Blue <^ape, (generally erroneously called Isa-
bella). The Elsenburuh is a small, pulpless, and very sweet grape. The Lenoir
(pronounced Lun war,) is also worthy a place in the garden of the amateur, as
well as several new arid promising varieties not yet sufficiently tested, but which
promise well. The finer European grapes do not succeed well in Kentucky, ex-
cept under glass. Some good fruit has, however, been produced from these by
allowing the vines to trail on the ground. These vines must be covered with
earth in winter to prevent them from injury by freezing.

Small Fkuits. — At the risk of making this essay tedious, it is thought neces-
sary 10 speak briefly of the culture of small fruits, because they are of growing
importance, and their culture now is of considerable importance.

Strawberries grow best in new ground. If planted on old soil, it should be
made rich with chip manure and ashes. If stable manure is used, it should be
from the cow-house, and well rotted. The ground should be deeply trenched or
subsoiled, and the plants set in rows three feet apart, about one foot in the row,
and every third row should be a staminate variety, that is, one producing perfect
flowers. The runners may be allowed to cover the ground, but not to become
crowded. All weeds and grass must be carefully hoed out. The best and lar-
gest fruit is produced on pistillate plants, or those that produce flowers with fe-
male organs only. Though some of the newer varieties of staminates produce
full crops of large fruit, the Long worth's Prolific is probably the best of these ;
then the old standard kind, the Large Farly Scarlet, will generally produce a crop
with very little culture or attention. These and the Iowa, or Washington, are
much used as impregnators for the pistillate varieties, as above directed. Of the
pistillntes, the best for general culture are probably Hovey's Seedling, Burr's
New Pine, McAvoy's Superior Hudson, Janney's Seedling, and Neck Pine. The
culture of strawberries is very profitable near large cities. When grown in large
quantities for market, they are kept clean by the use of the cultivator, with but
little hand-weeding or hoe work. Strawberries should be renewed every three or
four years, by setting out new beds or the old plants become unproductive. For
forming new beds, the most vigorous of the new plants should be selected.

Raspberries do well on similar soil to that required by the strawberry. They
should be trimmed in the fall. The finer kinds are but half hardy and should
be bent down and covered with earth. When trimmed and thus treated, large
Crops are produced. To secure large canes, no more than from four to five should
be allowed to grow from each root or stoll, and these should be four feet apart
each way. They require clean culture. Every five or six years new plantations
should be set out — they are increased by offsets from the roots. The best kinds
for Kentucky, are the true Red Antwerp, Fastolff, and Ohio Everbearing ; the
common black and yellow kinds are so hardy and so easily managed that by
many they are preferred. Biinkle's Orange and Belle de Fontenay are new
kinds, which, from one season's trial here, are thought to be very superior. They
must be further tested before they can be recommended with certainty. The
Belle de Fontenay proved more hardy during the last severe winter than any
Other kind, except the common black.

Currants are not productive in Kentucky generally. The writer has tried all
the new and fine kinds, but with such limited success that he feels disposed to
say but little about them. The red and white Dutch and Black Naples are the
kinds most likely to succeed. If planted in good, rich, damp soil on a steep
Northern slope, it is thought they might succeed well. Our climate seems too
hot and dry for them.

Gooseberries — Of many varieties tried, the Houghton Seedling is the only
one that has given entire satisfaction. A description of this fruit may be found

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. ]19

in any of the fruit books. Being free from mildew, which is the bane of the
large European varieties, it is hardy and very productive. The same soil and
aspect as recommended for the currant will be found best suited to the gooseberry.
In conclusion it is recommended that amateurs pay some attention to our native
seedling fruits, and plant seeds from the best specimens, for the purpose of im-
proving them, and producing varieties adapted to our soil and climate. Annexed
is a list of the different varieties, which, from the experience of several years,
and no little assistance from the experience and observation of others, is believed
to be best suited to our State.

Apples — (Somewhat in the order of their ripening.) White Juneting, Yellow
Harvest, Carolina R< j d June, Black's Annette, Rambo, Belleflower, Fall Queen,
Newtown Pippin, Winter Pearmain, Winesap, Jonathan, Prior's Red, Rawle's
Jannet, Little Romanite.

Peaches. — Troth's Early, Early Tillottson, Early York, Van Zant's Superb,
Early Newington, Grosse Mignonne. Royal George, Crawford's Early, Brevoort'a
Morris. Morris' White, Rodman's Cling, Crawford's Late, Old Mixon, Columbia,
Leopold, Lemon Cling, Catharine, Sweet Spanish Malacoton, White Heath, and
Smock's Late Free.

Pears. — Madaleine, Bloodgood, Bartlett, Belle Lucrative, Seckle, Louise Bon
de Jersey, Flemish Beauty, Glout Morceau, Passe Colmar, Winter Nelis.

Pears on Quince for Dwarfs. — Duchess de Anyouleme, Louisa Bon de
Jersey, Bartlett, (in some localities,) Belle Lucrative, Glout Morceau, Buffum.

Plums — Washington, Jefferson, Smith's Orleans, Imperial Gage, Lombard,
Coe's Golden Drop, Green Gage, Yellow Egg.

Cherries. — Kentish or Early Richmond, May Duke, Elton, Graffion or Yellow
Spanish, Black Tartarian, Napoleon Bigarreau, American Amber, and the Ohio
Seedlings of Dr. Kirtland, to test their qualities.

Apkicots — Early Golden, Roman, Hameskirke, Moorepark, Peach.

Nectarines. — Early Newington, Boston, Eluge.

ARTHUR PETER,

Louisville, Ky.

Essay under the Fifth Class, by R. J. Breckinridge, D. D., to whom wa»
awarded the first Premium — $20.

ON THE USE AND ASSISTANCE OF MECHANICS TO AGRICULTURE.

Agriculture is the only pursuit followed by man whereby additional material is
added to the sum which existed before. All other pursuits are designed to add
new values to things which existed before. Agriculture alone adds both addi-
tional material and new values. Every crop which the soil produces, every an-
imal which is born, are not only new values — they are also additional existences —
things which did not exisit before. But in every other industrial pursuit, no
matter how immense may be the changes wrought by science or by art, or how
vast may be the values created, still it is only changes 'which are produced, only
values which have been created. Nothing has been really added to the sum of
existence. It is this which distinguishes agriculture from all other industrial
pursuits, and makes it the fundamental basis of all production, all wealth, all in-
crease of the absolute sum of existences. Not even it has any power to add to
the sum of the mineral kingdom; but over the animal and vegetable kingdoms it*
power seems to be unlimited in increasing them.

120 REPORT OF THE

The question which the Kentucky State Agricultural Society proposes for this
essay is, the use and assistance of one department, to-wit: Mechanics — one of
those great pursuits which create only new values upon this one single great pur-
suit which produces both new material and new value, to-wit: Agriculture — the
use and assistance, therefore, of mechanics in enabling agriculture both to pro-
duce additional material and additional values. And inasmuch as the mechanic
arts can have no material influence on the production of animal life, or in adding
to those qualities of animals which determine their value, in themselves consider-
ed, I shall confine what I have to say chiefly to the influence which mechanics
may be made to exert in augmenting the increase and the value of the produc-
tions of the soil.

Considered in one point of view, agriculture cannot take more than one single
step without the aid both of science and of art. Left to work merely with his
hands, man could add little to the spontaneous productions of nature. Every
tool he requires is an exemplification, more or less perfect, of one or other of the
mechanical powers, and every one of them is an application, more or less com-
plete, of one or other of the mechanical arts to agriculture. All middle-aged
men in Kentucky have seen the reap hook, the cradle, and the reaper succeed each
other in our harvest fields — have seen the scythe followed by the mower in our
meadows — have seen the hemp hpok supplant the old method of pulling hemp,
and can form some idea of what effect would be produced if we had a machine
to cut hemp as much better than the common hook, as the mower is better than
the common scythe. Old men have seen corn pounded in a mortar for bread —
have seen the hand stones follow the mortar — have seen the horse mill follow
the hand stones, the water mill follow the horse mill, the steam mill follow the
water mill. And if we will but allow ourselves to run over what our own living
generation has seen, we have a clear idea of what agriculture must be even in its
first civilized state with slow advantages from the mechanic arts, and how im-
measurably it is indebted to them, both for increased production and increased
values.

We see, therefore, that while agriculture, in its widest sense, is the foundation
of all production, yet it is dependent for its own progress and perfection upon
most of the sciences and arts. Those sciences especially which we call natural
sciences, and those which we call by the special name of natural philosophy, can
hardly take a step in advance without the condition of agriculture in all civilized
countries, feeling the beneficial effects; nor are there many arts which the inge-
nuity of man can organize, or his good fortune even stumble ou, connected with
those sciences whose range is so immense, which may not be made available to
the great advantage of agriculture. These beneficent effects are produced in a
two fold manner — -the one indirect, the other direct, and both ways they operate
both upon production and value; one use and advantage being, however, mainly
to increase production itself, while the other, hardly less important, is chiefly to
increase the value of ali productions. Roth these aspects of the subject deserve
our most serious consideration.

It is impossible to estimate the importance of the indirect aid which mechani-
cal philosophy, in its practical application, has rendered, and is destined, in a
still higher degree, to render to agriculture. The more bulky products of the
earth are of comparatively small value, and even at the most reduced price have
a very limited demand, when they cannot be transformed, by some manufacture
of them, into a shape in which they can be transported easily, or when the
means of transportation are insufficient or too costly. The grain crops of Ken-
tucky, until very recently, would have been of no value beyond a very local de-
mand, and therefore would have been very little cultivated if they could not have
gone to market in the form of live stock or whisky; or while subjected, in the
form of flour, to a precarious voyage in flat boats down the Ohio and Missis-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 121

sippi rivers, and after that perhaps to a still more precarious traffic with the West
India Islands. At present, these crops are worth, on an average, double their
former value, and are paid for in cash at our own market towns. Besides the
immense stimulus to production, the actual price is doubled, and the whole risk
and delay removed. Whatever influence other causes may have had in ibis rev-
olution, undoubtedly it is steam applied to manufactures and to transportation,
which has mainly effected it. Innumerable examples might be given of this in-
direct benefit of the mechanic arts upon agriculture. The most remarkable, per-
haps, which has ever occurred has happened in our own times, and relates to our
own country. Cotton, from being raised merely for household purposes, has be-
come the chief article of the commerce of the world. It is a few inventions in
the mechanic arts which have produced this unparalleled change. Whitney's
invention of the cotton gin; Arkwright and Watt's inventions on machinery
by steam; the perfection of instruments for carding, spinning, and weaving; these
are the powers — mecanical, all of them — which have had the greatest share in
producing results by means of which the destiny of our own country, and perhaps
of th# whole world, has been indirectly, but most materially affected; first through
agriculture, and afterwards through every interest of man.

These immense revolutions in values are not always obvious in their origin, nor
in their first effects; still less are we prepared to see from the small beginnings
the enormous and complicated final results. Yet they work with steady and irre-
sistible force. The silent and obscure meditations of McCormick w T ould seem to
have no assignable relation to the whole grain and grass region of the earth, and
the rude attempts of Watt to simplify the mode of applying steam as a motive
power to machinery could have presented to him no conceivable bearing upon
the question of slavery, with all its complications, in this great Republic. Yet
the thoughts of such men, earnestly working in one direction, become at last
controling practical forces working in all directions. If they begin with agricul-
ture, even indirectly considered, they widen until they embrace innumerable in-
terests; and let them begin where they may, if they work across till thej enter
the vast domain of agricultural interests, it is then that they attain their greatest
force.

If we will consider the direct influence of mechanics as applied to agriculture,
the most obvious reflection which this aspect of the subject suggests is, that all
the mechanical powers, in their simple and separate form, are so many instru-
ments provided in the nature of things, by which man is enabled to increase his
power over inanimate things, in a degree proportionate to his own skill. There
is no shape which inanimate matter can assume, in which it is capable of resist-
ing the power of man when aided by the mechanical powers, even separately ta-
ken, and in their simple forms. When skillfully combined, their power may be
indefinitely increased, and in like degree man's power through their use. There
is nothing in the nature of agricultural employments which makes them an ex-
ception to these universal truths; on the contrary, it is of their very nature, as
has already been remarked, that they cannot advance beyond the very lowest
condition, except by the aid of mechanical powers. It may be added that the
indefinite application of such powers, in the way of improved tools, implements
and machines, may carry, to an indefinite degree, the success of every agricul-
tural employment. To stir the surface of the ground with a sharpened stick
pulled by one man, and pushed by another, is an improvement upon scratching a
hole in the ground with our fingers; but to turn the ground a foot deep with
one of our best plows pulled by horses, is another condition of things altogether;
and there are many conditions between these two. To peel hemp with the fin-
gers, ;as is still done in many countries, is far below that condition in which, thirty
years ago, one hundred pounds per day was heavy work with our primeval
breaks, and that is far below our present ability with improved implements and

122 REPORT OF THE

skill; far as It is below what might occurif we had as good machinery for break-
ing hemp as we have for grinding grain; or taking the very simplest operation,
let any one observe two men shilling corn with the ear in one hand and a burnt
cob in the other, and then observe two children shelling corn with the simple ma-
chine made by combining the wheel and the inclined plane, and he will have a
clear conception of the two conditions of man, when using little beyond his natu-
ral fnrce, and when using even very simple mechanical contrivances.

There are three forms of toil which accurately distinguish the progress of ag-
riculture. The lowest is hum-in toil, in which man himself, almost unaided, per-
forms the entire work of tillage. The next above is animal toil, in which dumb
beasts are subjected by man to the greater part of those labors which husbandry
demands. The third and highest is dead toil, in which machinery is made to
perform, to the utmost possible degree, the labor, both of man and beast. It is
to set out the extreme importance of our more rapid advance into this third and
highest condition that this little essay is written. We have seen the hoe banished
entirely from the cultivation of corn, and the work better done, far more of it
done, and far more corn raised to the acre, and more acres cultivated to each
hand under an exclusive system of horse husbandry. We have seen the flail
give "place to the treading floor, and that give place to the threshing machine,
man labor, beast labor, and dead labor following each othe-r, and who can doubt
that the end is incomparably better than all that went before it? The original
form of mere human toil never prevailed exclusively in this country, as it has al-
ways done, and still does to such an immense extent over the earth. Still, how-
ever, innumerable instances are to be seen amongst us where human beings
do alone what they could do ten times as well with the aid of horse power — in-
numerable instances in which defective implements take away half the value of
the labor, whether human .or animal, which is employed. And the instances in
which dead labor is made to supply the place of both human and brute labor,
though multiplying every year, are yet very far below what the interests of ag-
riculture demand.

It would appear to be wholly useless to attempt to satisfy mankind of the truth
of propositions so plain and so certain, as that a laborer can do more and better
work with the help of a horse, a mule, or an ox, than he can do by himself — that
a machine can do more than a man and a beast united — and that a man, a beast,
and a machine combined, can do infinitely more than any one of them, or any two
of them. But in agriculture, other things being nearly equal, the amount of pro-
duction depends upon the amount of skillful labor applied. It is perfectly certain
that one laborer can produce more corn from ten acres of land cultivated with his
utmost skill and toil than the same laborer can produce from five hundred acres,
if he were to attempt to cultivate the whole with his utmost skill and toil. If he
can, by any means whatever, obtain the force which will enable him to cultivate
the whole five hundred acres as he did the ten, then it is obvious that his pro-
ductive force is fifty times as great as it was before. But it is equally obvious
that if, by any means, he could cultivate the ten acres fifty times as well, with
the fiftieth of man labor used before, he would immensely diminish his personal
toil, and immensely increase the sum of his products. But nothing can be more
certain than that skilled labor is more productive than unskilled labor — dead labor
cheaper than live labor. In the work of all machinery there is a certain regu-
larity which human labor cannot attain, so that any man can do, with the hebp of
a machine, what only one man in ten thousand can do without the machine. And
besides, this ten thousandth man had to spend manv years of his life in acquiring
his rare skill, while the other nine thousand nine hundred and ninty nine men ac-
quired very readily all the skill required in the use of the machine, and then
every one of them will do with his machine far more, and far better, and far
cheaper work than the one man out of ten thousand can do by himself. And

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 123

this great and vital truth is absolutely universal It is as certain that one very
common man can do, with an ordinary axe, what a thousand of the ablest men
in the woild could not do as well, or in the same time, without some tool equiva-
lent to an axe, as it is that any ordinary min, with a few months training, could
do with the most pirfect piece of machinery what ten thousand of the ablest men
in the world could not do at all without the machine.

Everything lhat augments the force of man, in whatever way, elevates him
that much above what he was before. Everything that increases the efficacy of
toil blesses the human race in two admirable ways, for it enables man to escape,
to a certain extent, from the incessant burden of toil and from the hardest parts
of toil, and it increases, by just ihat much, the amount of available force which
the human race possesses. Toil is one part, of the lot of man on earth, but. it is
cot his whole lot. Whatever mitigates the sum of the great burden of human
toil alleviates the common lot of man ; whatever increases the efficacy or the
productiveness of toil increases the sum of the great mass of human enjoyment.
And moreover, it is in this direction ehiefly, if not alone, that we are to seek for
the amelioration of the physical condition of the great mass of human kind — the
innumerable children of toil without rest and without adequate reward. We can-
not add one acre, nay, not one atom, to the sum of the earth itself. In whatever
degiee our lace may increase, they must all exist upon such food as the present
earth will a fiord, and the excess must perish, beyond that number which this
earth can feed. Our race increases indefinitely — our earth can never increase at
all, and already the cry of unrequited toil — the cry of toil that does not furnish
bread to eat — has sounded like a funeral knell from all the crowded marts of pop-
ulation for many generations. To increase the productiveness of the earth itself
is therefore the grand lesson of all true humanity, as well as all true philosophy
directed to the problem of human existence itself, while to increase the efficacy
of human toil is the grand lesson of that same humanity and philosophy directed
to the problem of the physical comforts of that existence.

I know how immense are the aids derived from other sciences and other arts in
increasing the productiveness of the earth, and in augmenting the efficacy of toil.
But it is not of these that this little essay treats. Its aim is to direct atteniion to
the mechanic arts as one of the greatest and most neglected sources of these
grand improvements. If all the rulers of all the nations of the earth were to
perish in one day, enough would be found ready, eager, and competent to occu-
py their places, and the human race would experience no serious evil, much less
any permanent loss, by so vast a shock. But if the like number of individuals
were to perish in a day, embracing only the first man, the highest genius in ev-
ery country and in every department of science, and art and practical skill in the
matters embraced in our present meditations, the great inventors, the great dis-
coverers, the great philosophers, the great mechanics, society would receive a
shock which it would take a century to recover, if indeed it ever recovered it at
all. For how easy would it be to select from amongst the dead a hundred names
of whom it might be truly said, that if these men had never lived and invented,
and worked, the present posture of the human race could never have been
reached !

It is as absurd to imagine that the mechanic arts cannot be applied to the pur-
poses of agriculture, as effectually, as to the purposes of any other great material
interest of man. Already many of the most beautiful and effective creations of
mechanical ingenuity and skill, have been brought into existence with direct re-
ference to the interests and the staples of agriculture. Whoever, for example,
will examine the machine now in common use. for manufacturing the cards used in
preparing wool and cotton for spinning, and then examine the machines employe d
in preparing these great staples themselves for the use of man, will see how litt le
reason there is to distrust human ingenuity in any part of a subject of such vit a

124 REPORT OF THE

importance. Whoever will examine a farm furnished, even in tolerable complete-
ness, with the implements already in reach of every farmer in independent cir-
cumstances, will readily admit that mechanical ingenuity has already conferred
on agriculture, in the most direct manner, advantages of the very highest kind.
It is by the liberal patronage of these inventions and discoveries, when they have
real merit, that we most effectually stimulate the production of new and still
better machines, applicable to other uses not yet sufficiency provided for. The
farming interest in Kentucky is at present in circumstances of great prosperity,
and no country in the world, and no pursuit in life, can furnish men better fitted
than many of them to do all that the noble calling to which they are devoted may
require. One who is proud and huppy to be numbered amongst them, ventures
in the suggestions herein made, rather to set forth a slight exposition of the views'
which we cherish as a class, than to aim at stating anything which is not well
known to multitudes of themselves. R. J. B.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF EARLY FAIRS AND AGRICULTURAL
SOCIETIES IN KENTUCKY.

Nothing which has ever been done in Kentucky has contributed so
much to improve the stock and crops, and to elevate the farmers them-
selves, as the various Agricultural Societies and Fairs which they have
gotten up from time to time. <.

The early history of these Associations should be rescued from obli-
vion, and no occasion could be more appropriate than the present, for
giving it a permanent record.

The county of Fayette has the honor of having held the first Fair,
or Cattle Show, ever held west of the mountains ; and the high and
lasting honor of having gotten it up belongs to Col. Lewis Sanders,
the celebrated importer of the Durham Cattle of 1817. These unques-
tioned facts appear by the following letter from Col. Sanders, which
was published in the Western Farm Journal, vol. J, No. 5 :

To the Editor of the Western Farm Journal :

Sir — In your brief historical sketch of anterior Agricultural Societies in" Kentucky, (in
your first number,) it is stated. " About eighteen years ago, a State Agricultural Society was
organized in this Commonwealth, and for a time promised to be of eminent utility," &c\, &c.
My attention was called to this sketch from my having some knowledge of the formation and
organization of the early movements on this highly interesting subject. I am at a loss to
know what particular organization you alluded to. The indefinite time, the place, and nanie9
of officers being omitted, puts it out of one's power to fix on the particulars of the organiza-
tion "about eighteen years ago."

Writing is both irksome and laborious to me, but for the " truth of history," (Col. B.) I
will state my recollections appertaining to the first Cattle Shows in Kentucky. At the close
of the war of 1312, I was living in Lexington, then the center of commerce and the seat of
refined literature of the West. This was before the paddles of the steamboats began to

REPORT OF THE 125

move. My father was a farmer. I was reared on a farm, but was subsequently thrown into
other pursuits, but always looking upon agricultural improvements with much interest, and
sought information on this subject at home and from other countries. Cattle Shows and Ex-
hibitions of Fine Stock were common in England, and in some parts of the United States.
Like Exhibitions, it seemed to me, would have beneficial influences on us. These considera-
tions induced me to publish, in the Lexington newspapers, that a " Grand Cattle Show and
Fair, free lor everybody, would come off on my farm, adjoining; Sandersville, on the — day
of July, 1816." Premiums in silver cups to be awarded. The five judges were named.

This was a novelty, bringing together citizens of the neighboring counties, making a oreat
assemblage. Never was anything like it seen in the country before. The finest cattle in the
State were there. Capt. Smith's famous bull, Buzzard, (named alter the English nice horse
of great celebrity,) Inskip's magnificent brindle bull, and many other fine cattle of each sex
of the old Patton breed. There was a good display of sheep, (fine wool being then of great
importance,) hogs, &c. The judges performed the duties assigned them with assiduity,
awarding and distributing the premiums of fifteen to twenty silver cups, costing twelve dol-
lars each.

This Cattle Show — the first west of the Alleghauies, that I have any knowledge of — was
gotten up by me individually, and took place on my own farm. I selected and named the
judges. The citizens of Lexington, on my personal application, contributed the funds to pay
for the silver cups.

The five judges were : First — Harry Iunis, of Franklin, Judge of the Federal Court, a
most amiabl.' and accomplished gentleman, a good farmer and an excellent judge oi stock
Second — Mr. Nathaniel Hart, of Woodford, of business habits and great energy of character,
owning one of the largest and best farms in Kentucky. A portion ot his extensive grounds
was appropriated for a park, in which might be seen, roaming at large, the elk and the deer.
Mr. H. was a good judge of cattle, of which he handled some very superior ones. Third —
Captain John Fowler, of Lexington, a true gentleman of the Virginia old school. Fourth —
Col. Hubbard Taylor, of Clarke, a very good farmer, a highly esteemed and much respected
gentleman, and a distinguished politician. Fifth — Capt. John Jouett, of Bath, one of the ear.
liest settlers of Kentucky. Capt J. was a good judge of men and ol animals. He made his
mark in the war of the Revolution. The Legislature of Virginia voted him a sword for the
important service he rendered the State by giving timely notice to the General Assembly
(then in session in Charlottesville,) of Tarlton's forced uiarch, with the intention of taking
them all prisoners. As the members were leaving the town on one side, Tarlton's dragoons
were entering on the other. Ouly seven fell into the hands of the British.

It will be seen that the judges were selected irom different localities, and were gentle-
men of high standing. There were on the grounds many distinguished strangers. I recollect
Governor Poindexter, Dr. Samuel Brown, and others.

Well, you may think this a prolix account ot the first Cattle Show in Kentucky. It ia
sketched Irom my recollection of scenes that took place forty years ago.

The next year I caused to be advertised that iu July, 1817, another Cattle Show would
come off at the same place, and under similar anangements to the one that took place the
year before. It accordingly came off. A very large concourse of people assembled, expres
sing satisfaction at the result.

It was determined by gentlemen present at the second Cattle Show, to form a State Agri-
cultural Society. They agreed to meet in Lexington at a named time and place for organiza-
tion. Such a meeting accordingly took place. A constitution was adopted and officers for
one year elected. Gov. Isaac Shelby was elected President, and Thomas T. Barr, Secretary,
&c., &e. Under this organization a Cattle Show and Fair took place at Lexington in lt>]8.
Gov. Shelby officiated as President. It was well attended by the principal agriculturalists and
6tock breeders from the neighboring counties. Two or three Annual Exhibitions were held a
ex ington, (Fowler's Garden,) under this organization.

126 STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

About tiiis time I left the neighborhood of Lexington, settling in the woods on the Hi II 3 of
Eagle Creek, where I hive since remained. Bourbon county was the first 10 branch oil' from
the Lexington organization, and hold Shows and Fail's tor the county. Some lew years after-
wards several oi tlie counties formed Societies lor themselves — Franklin, Mercer, Jefferson,
and others not now recollected.

All 01 the agricultural Societies, Cattle Shows and Fairs in Kentucky and Ohio, prior to
the year 10-iU, oiiginated, as 1 believe, irom tue Society formed at Lexington in itsie, of
whicli Gov. Suelby was President, and that originated iroui the two Shows g,oueu up by me in
Iblb and lol7. Respectfully,

Grass liinLs, Kv., July IS, 1856. LEWIS ^ANDERS.

First Kentucky State Agricultural Society. — It will be seen, also,
from Mr. Sanders' letter, that to Kentucky belongs the honor of having
organized the first Slate Agricultural Society ever in the West, and
second in America only to the Berkshire (Mass.) Cou.ity Agricultural
Society, established by iiilkannah Watson in 1811; and it is most desi-
rable ihat the history oi' that Society should be placed on record. Gov.
Greenup, in one of his messages, had recommended the agriculture of
Kentucky to Legislative patronage, and we mid one of' our early and
most patriotic Governors was the tirst President ot the first State Ag-
ricultural Society in Kentucky.

This Society having fallen into disuse, for many years, and the ben-
efits of it being still remembered, an Agricultural Convention was con-
vened at the Capitoi in Frankfort, on the 3d day of January, i838, for
the formation oi another State Agricultural Society, tne history of
which has already been given.

Early County Agricultural and Mechanical Associations. — Although
the two tirst State Societies thus passed from existence, they were
not without their good iruits. (Jol. Sanders tells u» that the bourbon
County Agricultural Society was w the first branch from the Lexington
organization," but it, too, like the parent stem, soon withered away,
but was revived after many years. The plan upon which the State
Agricultural Society was organized in 1838, exercised a favorable in-
fluence in the formation of new Societies, and in the support ot those
which were older than herself. Twenty-six County Agricultural and
Mechanical Societies, besides some which were purely Mechanical,
were in operation and held Fairs annually about this time, and some
of them were truly flourishing for those times.

Music at Agricultural fairs was first recommended by Mr. Solon
Robinson, in an article in au agricultural paper in Kentucky in 1841 >
and the suggestion was soon alter adopted and carried into effect by
the Society for the first time.

REPORT OF THE 127

Fairs First attended by Lathes. — It was about this time, too, that
a great step in agricultural progress was made, by receiving the at-
tendance of ladies at the Fairs. This was effected chiefly by offering
premiums for the products of female industry at the Fairs. To Bour-
bon County Agricultural Society is due the credit of having the first
general attendance of Indies, at one of her Fairs. But to Mrs. Vir-
ginia Breckinridge, of Danville. Ky., belongs the honor of being the
first lady to attend a Fair in Kentucky.

She was at that time the elegant and accomplished widow of Mr.
Alfred Shelby, and of course, by marriage, the daughter of Gov.
Shelby, who was the first President of the first State Agricultural Soci-
ety in the west, and she was also the daughter of Col Nathaniel Hart
who was one of the judges at the first Fair in the West, and was also
Chairman of the Convention which formed the Second State Agricul-
tural Society of Kentucky. Mrs. Shelby was then residing on her farm
in Lincoln county, Ky., and was herself one of the most successful
and practical farmers in Kentucky. Considering her paternity, it is
no wonder that a noble spirit for agricultural improvement impelled
her to higher progress in her profession. She was an exhibitor of fat
cattle at the second Fair of the Union Agricultural Society of Mercer,
Lincoln and Garrard, and taking a lady friend (Mrs. Crutcher.) with
her in her carriage, she drove to the grounds and witnessed the exhi-
bition of them, under the escort of some gentlemen who were her par-
ticular friends.

As the lady of Rev. Dr. R. J. Breckinridge, she yet lives to witness
an entire change in public sentiment on this subject; and nothing has
contributed so much to the permanent success and prosperity of our
Agricultural Exhibitions.

That our agricultural history in this department may be more com-
plete, a brief synopsis of the Societies of that day is herewith an-
nexed — an imperfect record — gathered with much trouble from the
agricultural papers of that day. The synopsis is given in the alpha-
betical order of the names of the Societies.

Barren County Agricultural Society. B. G. Crump. Secretary.
Held first Fair, one day, in 1839, near Glasgow, and awarded fifteen
premiums to cattle, sheep and hogs.

Buurbon County Agricultural Society. William P. Hume, Presi-
dent, Henry C. Hart, Secretary. Organized in 1838, and has held an
annual Fair ever since, and is the oldest Society now in existence in
the State.

128 STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Bullitt County Agricultural Society. Held five Fairs ; one of
two days, in 1840.

Caldwell County Agricultural Society. Held two Fairs. At one
of which, in 1840, twenty-three premiums were given.

Central Association of Woodford County. Ben. Harrison, Presi-
dent, H. Wallace, Secretary. Held her first Fair in 1837, and annu-
ally until 1841, of three days each. At the last Fair, gave thirty-
eight premiums, in all, to cattle, sheep, horses, hogs, farming utensils,
domestics, mechanical products and crops.

Christian County and Hopkinsville Agricultural Society. Organ-
ganized February 1839. John P. Campbell, President, A. Stites, Sec-
retary. Held her second Fair in 1840, and offered $375 in premiums,
among which was a $25 pitcher to J. W. Cook, for the best tobacco.
Forty-four premiums were conferred, five of which were for bed quilts.
Premiums were awarded for the best cattle, sheep, horses, hogs and
asses. A premium of $10 was given to W. 1). Jones for the best acre
of corn, making twenty-five barrels and a half bushel.

Clarke County Agricultural Society. Dr. S. D. Martin Corres-
ponding Secretary. Held her first Fair in September, 1838, and for
four years consecutively, of two days each. In 1840, fifty cattle and
fifty hogs were shown, and one of the hogs weighed nine hundred and
sixty pounds gross. Eleven mules were shown which averaged six-
teen hands high, and one was sixteen and a half, which was considered
a remarkable improvement in size.

Franklin County Agricultural Society, was organized in 1836.
R. W. Scott, President, and J. C. Herndon, Secretary. Held five an-
nual Fairs consecutively, of two days each, at which public addresses
were made; and besides, for all the usual stock, premiums were also
granted for crops, needle work, domestic and mechanical manufac-
tures.

Gallatin, Trimble, Owen and Carroll County Agricultural So-
ciety. George N. Sanders was corresponding Secretary. Held Fairs
in 1839 and 1840, of two days, and conferred thirty-seven premium
cups, for all the usual stock, and for domestic manufactures.

Garrard County Agricultural Society. James A. Beazley, Secre-
tary. Held Fairs in 1840 and 1841, and conferred thirty-six premiums,
for all the usual stock, and for domestic manufactures.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 129

Green County Agricultural Society was organized in 1838. W.
B. Allen, Secretary. Held her first Fair in 1838, near Greensburg, of
two days, and gave twenty-four cups to stock of all sorts, and to do-
mestic and mechanical productions.

Green River or Logan County Agricultural Society. J. B. Pey-
ton, Secretary. Held her first Fair near Russellville, in 1837, and
gave twenty-four premiums to cattle, horses., asses, &c. This was the
first Fair ever held south of Green river.

Harrison County Agricultural Society held her first Fair in 1841.
was President, and was Secretary. She held one Fair

and offered premiums.

Henry County Agricultural Society held her first Fair in 1838.
S. M. Hunt, President, B. Thomas, Secretary. A speech was made,
and premiums were given for all the usual stock, and also to William
Smith, for the best crop of Baden corn of twenty-two and a half bar-
rels per acre.

Hopkins County Agricultural Society held a Fair in 1840, and gave
premiums to stock of all the usual kinds.

Jefferson County Agricultural Society. William Mix Rec. Sec-
retary. Held Fairs in 1839 and 1840, and offered seventy-one pre-
miums to all the usual stock, and also for the best farm, crops, most
manure, and best agricultural implements.

Jessamine County Agricultural Society. Thomas T. Cogar, Sec-
retary. Held a Fair in 1839, near Nicholasville-, of two days, and gave
thirty-three premiums of $10 each, to horses, cattle, sheep and hogs.
In 1840, premiums were given to best crops and domestic manufac-
tures also.

Kentucky Agricultural Association at Lexington. Thomas P.
Hart, Secretary. Held a Fair of three days in September, 1837, and
for four following years. Had stock sales, and gave thirty-six pre-
miums to all the usual stock. One bullock weighed 2,665 pounds,
and one 2,630 pounds, gross, and their weights were considered as
remarkable.

Lincoln County Agricultural Society. William Craig, President,
and H. J. McRoberts, Secretary. Held her first Fair of two days, in
1838, and also in the two following years, and conferred forty-one
9

REPORT OF THE

premiums on cattle, sheep, horses and hogs, domestic manufactures
and agricultural implements.

Madison County Agricultural Society. W. S. Irvine, Secretary.
Held her second Fair in 1837. In 1838 she held a Fair of two days,
and gave twelve premiums to horses, four to mules, nine to asses,
twelve to cattle, one to sheep, two to hogs, and two to domestics.

Marion County Agricultural Society, formed August, 1838, at which
time William D. Reed made an address before the Society.

Mason County Agricultural Society. H. Taylor, Secretary, Held
her first Fair in 1839, and gave forty premiums to the usual kinds of
stock, and to domestic manufactures and agricultural implements.

Mercer County Agricultural Society, formed May, 1838. Wil-
liam Snail, President, James Harlan Corresponding Secretary. Held
her first Fair of two days, in September, 1840, and gave thirty-two
premiums for all the usual objects — memorialized the Legislature in
behalf of Agricultural Societies, and of Agricultural Education.

Nelson County Agricultural Society. J. R. Montgomery, Secre-
tary. Held a Fair near Bloomfield, in two days, September, 1838,
and gave twenty-nine cups to all the usual objects.

Shelby County Agricultural Society. Charles S. Todd, President,
Ed. C. Payne, Secretary. \Held Fairs in 1837 and 1838. Reorgan-
ized and held a Fair in 1840. James D. Allen, President, George W.
Johnston, Secretary. Gave forty premiums to all the usual objectB.

Todd County Agricultural Society. T. M. Ewing, President, B. B.
Roberts, Secretary. Held a Fair in October, 1838, and gave thirty
premiums to stock of the usual kinds, and to domestic manufactures.
Some of the cattle were imported.

Union Agricultural Society of Mercer, Lincoln and Garrard Coun-
ties. J. H. Irvine, Secretary. Organized in 1833, and held her
fourth Fair near Danville, September, 1837, in two days, and distrib-
uted $350 in premiums to all the usual stock, domestic manufactures
and implements of agriculture. It was at one of these Fairs that
Mrs. R. J. Breckinridge, then Mrs. Virginia Shelby, was the first lady
to attend a Fair in Kentucky. This Society also held a Fair in 1840,
at which Hon. Chilton Allan, President of the Kentucky State Agri-
cultural Society, made a public address. This Society claimed to be
the oldest Society then existing in Kentucky.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 131

REPORTS OF COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL AS-
SOCIATIONS FOR 1856.

The decline of many of the early Agricultural Societies did not show
a want of interest in the object of them so much as a desire to com-
bine and centralize, for higher usefulness and greater permanency. It
was determined that these should be fixed institutions of the people,
for all time, as it had been demonstrated that their practical utility, to
all classes and professions, was of the greatest extent and highest
character. Hence they must have not only a "name," but a "local
habitation" also. Refined enjoyment was hereafter to be coupled with
practical utility to all classes, in the future exhibitions of the Societies;
and hence grounds were to be purchased and inclosed; cottages, for
the accommodation ot ladies, invalids, and children; booths for re-
freshments; stalls for stock, and amphitheatres, in which the vast crowds
who should attend, would be comfortably seated and securely protect-
ed from sun and shower — all were to be erected, of a permanent char-
acter, and in tasteful style.

For these purposes the friends of Agricultural and Mechanical im-
provement in Kentucky have united into about twenty-six local or
County Societies, with facilities for improvement and refined enjoy-
ment far greater than are possessed by any portion of the United States,
or even of the world. They are the great chief causes of success
and prosperity to the agriculture of the State, sources of the most
rational and refined enjoyment to her citizens, and objects of becom-
ing State pride and reputation.

In their establishment, the farmers chiefly have invested with a lib-
eral hand, and the dividends are open to all. May they flourish im-
mensely, and live forever.

At an early period, both in the present and the past year, a printed
circular was issued, requesting their proceedings, addresses before
them, reports of their fairs, a statement of their improvements, and a
short historical sketch of their organization and progress.

One of these circulars, together with a written letter to the same
purport, was sent to the President of each Society.

Much of the agricultural history of the State is connected with the
early history of these Societies, and it was desirable to perpetuate i^
by giving it a permanent form in the Report of the State Society.

132 EEPORT OF THE

The plan of organization, extent and cost of grounds, and buildings,
(See., are matters of much interest, which should be published for the
benefit of new county societies which are yet to be organized.

A book which will contain the names of the officers of all the local
societies, and of all successful competitors for premiums, at all the fairs,
will at once be a book of reference for all the principal mechanics,
farmers and stock raisers in the State, and will be valuable to buyers
and sellers in all sorts of business transactions.

All of the information of this sort which could be obtained, in many
instances by personal solicitation, is published herewith. Many of the
reports will be found highly interesting and very valuable.

It is hoped that in future all the Agricultural and Mechanical Asso-
ciations in the State will take such means as will secure a full report
for publication in. the future volumes of the State Society.

BOURBON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Officers of the Society. — B. J.Clay, President; A.M. Brown, Sec-
retary. No report made.

As this Society relinquished the use of her Fair Grounds to the State
Society in 1856, and held no Fair in that year, a full report of her histo-
ry and transactions are given in. the second part of this book.

CENTRAL KENTUCKY STOCK, AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSO-
CIATION.

It is regretted that of this well organized Society, all which can now
be presented is the Board of Officers, and awards for 1856, together
with some remarks by the Danville Tribune in relation to the fair.

Officers of the Association. — James S. Hopkins, President; J. B.
Akin, Secretary; Alex. H. Sneed, Assistant Secretary; J. R. Weisiger,
Treasurer; John Whelan, of Boyle, J. W. Grigsby, of Lincoln, J. P.
Maxwell, of Marion, Wm. Cook, of Mercer, It. M. Robinson, of Gar-
rard, and S. C. Brown, of Washington, Vice-Presidents; I. P. Fisher,
of Boyle, W. L, Tarkington, of Boyle, J. P. Reed, of Boyle, Richard
Givens, of Lincoln, D. W. Jones, of Boyle, Thos. Lillard, of Boyle,
R. M. Davis, of Mercer, and J. S. Hopkins, of Garrard, Directors.

The Danville Tribune, in closing its notice of the Fair, says:

" We understand that it is the design of the Association to erect a caoimoiious amphithea-
tre before their next lair, and that a large part of the money to secure that object has already

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 133

been subscribed. This will, of course, not only add very greatly to the comfort of all who at-
tend the fairs, but will also give the Association a better standing abroad, thus greatly en-
hancing the number of spectators, and the number of entries of stock, and as a consequence
giving an increased interest and attraction to the annual exhibitions. The people of this por-
tion of the State are well able to have as handsomely improved fair grounds as are those of
any other part of the Commonwealth, and we certainly have here as tine stock to exhibit as
have any of the neighboring sections. We are gratified, therelore, to learn that our Associa-
tion is about to make the necessary improvements iu order to render their grounds equal to
thosa of similar societies elsewhere."

The full list of Premiums awarded we publish below:

FIRST DAY.

MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, five entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, premium; Mrs. James Oldham, certificate.

Negro Jeans, seven entries, Mrs- D. R. Caldwell, premium; Mrs. A. Irvine, certificate.

White Flannel, three entries, Mrs. 'Ann M. Caldwell, premium; Mrs. A. D. Meyer, certifi-
cate.

Plaid Linsey, fi"e entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, premium; Mrs. A. M. Caldwell, certificate.

Plain Linsey, two entries, Mrs. W. L. Caldwell, premium; Mrs. Miry A. Noel, certificate.

Pair Blankets, strictly home made, four entries, Mrs. Ann M. Caldwell, premium: Mrs.
Richard Givens, certificate.

Rag Carpet, Mrs. W. L. Caldwell, premium.

Woolen Hose, six entries, Miss Isabella Caldwell, premium ; Mrs. Gillmore, certificate.

Half Hose, thirteen entries, Mrs. Gillmore, 1st premium; Mrs. Goodloe, 2d premium.

Silk Quilt, five entries, Mrs. F M. Murphy, premium; Miss Mary Hopkins, certificate.

Worsted Quilt, three entries, Miss Mary Yantis, premium; Miss Fleece Batterton, certificate.

Cotton Quilt, fourteen entries, Mrs. J. Elkiri, premium; Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, certificate.

Gentleman's Coat, made by a lady, two entries, Mrs. Joseph Jackson, premium; Miss J. H.
Yantis, certificate.

Specimen of Needlework, fourteen entries, Miss Mag Hopkins, premium.

Shirt, by a lady, two entries, Mrs. Jas. Garret, premium; Miss Yantis, certificate.

Shirt, by a girl under 13 years, two entries, Miss Mary Akin, premium; Miss Rochester,
certificate.

Specimen of Embroidery, twenty two entries, Miss Kate Farral, premium.

Pair Mits or Goves, three entries, Miss Isabella Caldwell, premium; Mrs. Depeau, certi-
ficate.

Pair Gentlemen's Boots, N. Sandifer, premium.

Gaiter Boots, by a lady, four entries, Mrs. N. Sandifer. premium; Miss Young, certificate.

Fur Hat J. H.Edelen, premium.

Silk Hat, J. H. Edelen, premium.

Wool Hat, J. II. Edelen, premium.

Carriage, two entries, S. E. Farrand, premium; Courtney &, Cochran, certificate.

Rockaway, two entries, S. E Farrand, premium; Courtney & Cochran, certificate.

Buggy, three entries, S. E. Farrand, premium; A. B. Grubb, certificate.

Gentleman's Saddle and Bridle, W. F. Webb, premium.

Side Sole Leather, S S. Moore, premium and certificate

Side Upper Leather, S. S. Moore, premium and certificate.

Side Harness Leather, S. S. Moore, premium and certificate.

DAIRY, ETC.

Butter, nine entries, Mrs. F. Adams, premium, Mrs. R. W. Washington, certificate.
Cheese, two entries, Mrs. W. L. Caldwell, premium and certificate.

Light Wheat Bread, ten entries, Mrs. Wm. Mitchell, premium; Mrs. W. L. Caldwell, cer-
tificate.

Light Corn Bread, five entries, Mrs. M. A. Noel, premium; Mrs Sarah Lyle, certificate.
Cooked Ham, four entries, Mrs. Sarah Lyle, premium ; Mrs. M. Craig, certificate.
Saddle Mutton, cooked, Mrs. A Irvine, premium.
Barrel Flour, F. Burks, premium.

VEGETABLES, FRUITS, ETC.

Sweet or Yam Potatoes, seven entries, H. Bruce, premium; W. B. Noel, certificate.

Irish Potatoes, D. R. Caldwell, premium and certificate.

Cabbage, five entries. F. Harris, premium, Mrs. M. G. Kincaid, certificate.

Variety of Vegetables, nine entries, Morgan Vance, premium; Mrs. W. Duke, certificate.

Variety of Apples, F. Harris, premium.

Quinces, three entries, A. H. Sneed, premium; Mrs. S. W. Caldwell, certificate.

Plums, Dr. T. R. Dunlap, premium.

Kentucky Wine, three entries, A. II. Sneed, premium and certificate.

Watermelons, five entries, J. R. Lyle, premium; M. Vance, certificate.

134

REPORT OF 1HE

GRAIN, SEED, ETC.

One bushel Wheat, seven entries, W. Stewart, premium; J. C. McAfee, certificate.

One bushel of Corn, three entries, J. Heath, premium; Wm. Stewart, certifi ate.

One bushel of Oats, four entries, Wm. Thompson, premium; Dr. J. M Meyer, certificate.

Hemp, 50 lbs. two entries, W. A. Cook, premium; J. J. & W. G Craig, certificate.

One bushel Clover Seed, F. Harris, premium.

One bushel of Timothy Seed, two entries, F. Harris, premium; D. R. Caldwell, certificate.

POULTRY.

Pair Brahma Pootra Fowls, eight entries, Fred Harris, premium; Mrs. P. M. Talbott, cer-
tificate.

Pair Dorkins, Miss S Rochester, premium.

Pair Shanghais, four entries, W. T. Currv, premium and certificate.

Pair Cochin China, (our entries, VV. T Currv, premium and certificate.

Pair Sumatra Game, two entries. Jeff Dunn, premium and certificate.

Variety Coop, three entries, J. K. Bishop, premium; Fred Harris, certificate.

FLOWERS.

Handsomest Boquet, five entries, Miss N. Daniel, premium; G. H. Withers, certificate.

Handsomest Floral Design, two entries, G. H. Withers, premium; Mrs. S. A. Daniel, cer-
tificate.

Largest and handsomest display of Flowers, two entries, G. H. Withers, premium; Miss
Mary Hopkins, certificate.

Plow, two horse Stubble, George Boone, premium.

SECOND DAY.

HOGS.

Aged Boar, ten entries, Cook & Snead, premium; M. N. & P. Depeau, certificate.
Aged Sow, fourteen entries, W. I. Moberly, premium; J. W. Irvine, certificate.
Boar under six months old, eight entries, T. Ball, premium; J. W. Irvine, certificate.
Sow under six months old, twelve entries, J. W. Irvine, premium and certificate.
Fatted Hog, J. M. McFerran, premium.

SHEEP.

Long Wool Buck, five entries, W.D. Irvine, premium; Beatty Logan, certificate.
Long Wool Ewe, four entries, B & Jesse Dunn, premium; W. A.Cook, certificate.
Pair Long Wool Lambs, Benjamin & Jesse Dunn, premium; W. H. Smith, certificate.
Middle Wool Buck, six entries, W. A. Cook, premium; W. L. Caldwell, certificate.
Middle Wool Ewe, six entries, Wm. Thompson, premium and certificate.
Pair Middle Wool Lambs, William Thompson, premium.
Fine Wool Buck, J. W. Grigsby, premium.

Fine Wool Ewe, five entries, J. W. Grigsby, premium; J. W. Caldwell, certificate.
Five fatted Sheep, four entries, B. Logan, premium; W. A. Cook, certificate.

BLOODED CATTLE.

Bull, aged, three entries, John Baughman, premium; R C. Williamson, certificate.

Bull, two years and under three, three entries, James Bentley, premium; P. B. Mason, cer-
tificate.

Bull, one year and under two, four entries, D. W. Jones, premium: W. A. Cook, certifi-
cate.

Bull, under one year, eight entries, D. W. Jones, premium, H. Baughman, certificate.

Cow, aged, nine entries, Morgan Vance, premium; William Thompson, certificate.

Cow, two years and under three, five entries, M. P. Logan, premium; P. M. Talbott, cer-
tificate.

Cow, one year and under two, nine entries, Morgan V". Smith, premium; William Thomp-
son, certificate.

Heifer Calf, fourteen entries, I P. Fisher, premium; D. W. Jones, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Bulls, all ages, D. W. Jones, premium; John Baughman, certificate.

Cows, all ages, fifteen entries, A. H. Snead, premium; N. J. Shropshire, certificate.

FAT CATTLE.

Bullock, three years and upwards, five entries, Isaac Shelby, premium; J. W. Caldwell,
certificate.

Bullock, two years and under three, five entries, D. W. Jones, premium; Isaac Shelby,
certificate.

Bullock, one year and under two, four entries, J. W. Grigsby, premium. J. W. Caldwell,
certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 1345

Fat Cow, Free Martin or Spayed Heifer, Isaac Shelby, premium.

Oxen of any age, seven entries, George Shackelford, premium; Malcolm Gill, certificate.
Independent Ring, three year old Bullock, three entries, Isaac Shelby, premium; D. W.
Jones, certificate.

THIRD DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Blooded Stallion, three years old and upwards, two entries, W. G. Hardin, premium; W-
L. Caldwell, certificate.

Blooded Stallion, two years and under three, two entries, J.W. Grigsby, premium ; Kincaid
& Weisiger, certificate.

Blooded Stallion, one year and under two, two entries, W. W.Owsley, premium; R. M.
Davis, certificate-
Blooded Stallion, under one year, John Kincaid, premium.

Blooded Mare, three years and upwards, six entries, J. G. Montague, premium; Joseph
Weisiger, certificate.

Blooded Mare, one year and under two, J. W. Grigsby, premium.

Blooded Mare, under one year, J. C. Montague, premium.

Sir Elliott Colt, (W. H. Caldwell's premium,) twelve entries, W. B. Noel, premium; H. S.
McGinnis, certificate.

Oliver Colt, (S. Davenport's premium,) nine entries, J. Kincaid, premium; A. D. Meyer,
certificate.

HORSES FOR HARNESS.

Stallion, three years old and upwards, ten entries, S. P. Blood, premium; Muson R. Henry,
certificate.

Stallion, two years and under three, five entries, T. K. Salter, premium; James Williamson,
certificate.

Stallion, one year and under two, five entries, James Wilson, premium; 0. W. Jones, cer-
tificate.

Stallion, under one year, fifteen entries, John H. Moore, ("Col. J. S. Williams,") premium;.
John H. Parrott, certificate.

Mare, three years and upwards, seventeen entries, John H. Moore, (Miss Bland Broadhead)
premium; Mrs. D. Hudson, certificate.

Mare, two years and under three, eight entries, Milton McCann, premium; A. Gentry, cer-
tificate.

Mare, one year and under two, nine entries, Beatty Logan, premium; J. C. Montague, cer-
tificate.

Mare, underone year, twelve entries, John H. Moore, (Miss Kate Mahan,) premium; J.
J. Smith, certificate.

Draft Mare, eight entries, James Heath, premium; Dr. J. R. Hughes, certificate.

HORSES FOR THE SADDLE.

Stallion, three years and upwards, four entries, D. Nicholas, premium; D. W. Jones, cer-
tificate.

Stallion, two years and under three, three entries, John T. Ewing, premium; Dr. J. R.
Weisiger, certificate.

Stallion, one year and under two, three entries, Jas. Oldham, premium; John R. Lyle, cer-
tificate.

Stallion, under one year, eight entries, Malcolm Gill, premium; H. S. McGinnis, certificate.

Mare, three years and upwards, fifteen entries, P. M. Talbott, premium; D. N. Heath,
certificate.

Mare, two years and under three, five entries, N. T. Lee, premium, Fred Harris, certificate.

Mare, one year and under two, two entries, D. R. Caldwell, premium; J. S. Bentley, certi-
ficate.

Mare, under one year, eleven entries, Milton Rogers, premium; W. I. Moberly, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Horses, all ages, twenty-five entries, S. P. Blood, premium; M. R. Henry, certificate.
Mares, all ages, twenty two entries, John H. Moore, (Miss Bland Broadhead,) premium;
J. D. Terhune, certificate.

Colt, J. H. Moore, (Col. John S. Williams,) premium and certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

JACK STOCK.

Jack, three years old and upwrrds, five entries, J. & D. N. Heath, premium; S. C. Brown»
certificate.

Jack, two years and under three, seven entries, Thomas Robinson, premium; D. A. Knox,
certificate.

136 REPORT OF THE

Jack, one year and under two, four entries, F. McGinnis, premium; J. G. Hardy, certificate.

Jack, under one year, eight entries, T. iYI. Buford, premium and certificate.

Jennet, three years and upwards, five entries, W. L. Tarkington, premium; D.A.Knox,
certificate.

Jennet, two years and under three, seven entries, J. Spalding, premium; W. & H. Mitchell,
certificate.

Jennet, one year and under two, six entries, Dudley Tribble, premium; W. L. Tarkington,
certificate.

Jennet, under one year, four entries, G. M. Proctor, premium; W. L. Tarkington, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Jacks, all ages, six entries, Thomas Robertson, premium; D. A. Knox, certificate.
Jennets, all ages, Dudley Tribble, premium; G. M. Proctor, certificate.

MULES.

Pair Harness Mules, four entries, A. Buford, premium; E. S. Davidson, certificate.

Mule, two years and upwards, John ti. Moore & Co., (Patsy.) premium; N. T. Lee, cer-
tificate.

Mare Mule, one year and under two, five entries, N. T. Lee, premium; D. N. Heath, cer-
tificate.

Mare Mule, under one year, three entries, W. Duke, premium ; E. D. Pennington, certificate.

Horse Mule, under one year, four entries, Blake Arnold, premium; H. E. Owsley, certificate.

HARNESS AND SADDLE HORSES.

Pair of Carriage Horses, four entries, J. R. Lincoln, premium; E. R. Smith, certificate.
Pair Carriage Mares, three entries, A. Cohen, premium; F. Thompson, certificate.
Buggy Horse, nine entries, D. N. Heath, premium; T. Bowman, certificate.
Buggy Mare, two entries, John H. Moore, 'Miss Lizzie Wolf, of Philadelphia,) premium;
R. Ashurst, certificate.
Saddle Horse, twenty three entries, A. H. Bowman, premium; G. G. Carpenter, certificate.
Saddle Mare, sixteen entries, T. Bowman, premium; Alex. Ryan, certificate.

PREMIUMS OF MERIT.

Mrs. W. L Caldwell, candles; Mrs. Ann M. Caldwell, Diaper and Linen; Mrs. Martha
Duncan, Needlework and Embroidery; Miss Ann Giveus, Fancy Needlework; Miss R. A.
Meyer, Shoes; S. S. Moore, Leather; Miss Hannah Daviess, Wax Flowers; Mrs. S. W. Cald-
well, Table Linen; Miss Oldham, Silk Vest; Mrs. W. Duke, Dress; Miss Martha Weisiger,
Worsted Quilt; Miss Nannie Watson, Embroidery; Mrs. M Craig, Cake; Miss M. Withers,
Fancy Work; Mrs. Jo. Weisiger, Needlework; Miss Meyer, Cotton Quilt; Miss M. Weisiger,
Needlework; Mrs. A. D. Williams, Looking Glass Frames: Miss Ann Williamson, Framed
Pictures; Mrs. A. D. Williamson, Fancy work; Miss M. Weisiger, Sleeves; Miss A. William-
son, Table Linen; Mrs. James Oldham, Table Linen; Miss Mary Akin, Collar.

CHRISTIAN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.
This, a promising young Society, organized and held her first fair in
1856. The grounds of the Society are located near to Hopkinsville,
and all suitable improvements are in progress. Mr. Thomas Green is
President, and Mr. Isaac Lewis is Secretary. A full report is promised
for next year.

CLARKE COUNTY HORSE AND MULE IMPROVIMG ASSOCIATION.

Officers of the Association. — Judge James H. G. Bush, President;
Col. John H. Moore, A. C. Barrow, Thomas W. Lewis, Vice Presidents;
Wm. H. Winn, Secretary; Daniel Smith, Robert S. Taylor, James R.
Wornall, Tandy Quisenberry, Sr., Wm. R. Duncan, Harrison Thomp-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETV. 137

son, Thomas G. Sudduth, James T. Locknane, Thomas H. Goff, Dr.

Wm. H. Cunningham, John Vivian, John W. Hunt, Directors.

First exhibition held August 29th and 30th, 1856, at Winchester,

Kentucky.

FIRST DAY.

STALLIONS FOR HARNESS.

Best Stallion, four years old and upwards, J. H. Webster, ot Fayette county, premium;
James Price, of Clarke county, certificate.

Stallion, three vears old and under four, Enoch R. Smith, of Fayette county, premium;
Jacob Baker, of Clarke county, certificate.

Stallion, two years old and under three, Solomon Lowe, of Fayette county, premium; Wm.
Lewis, of Clarke county, certificate.

Stallion, one year old and under two, W. V. Cromwell, of Fayette county, premium; Joseph
Falkner, of Fayette county, certificate.

Best Stallion Colt, under one year old, for all purposes, Mrs. Mary Strode, of Clarke county,
premium; Joseph Graves, of Fayette county, certificate.

BROOD MARES FOR HARNESS.

Best Mare, fonr years old and upwards, Col. John H. Moore, of Clarke, premium; Mrs
Mary Strode, of Clarke, certificate.

Three years old and under four, Alfred Romar, of New Orleans, premium; C. C. Nutter, of
Fayette, certificate.

Two years old and under three, Thomas Coons, of Fayette, premium; Jas. Stipp, of Clarke,
certificate.

One year old and under two, James Stipp, of Clarke, premium; Charles S. Locknane, Jr.,
of Clarke, certificate.

Best Mare Colt, under one year old, for all purposes, John H. Moore, of Clarke, premium;
Joseph Graves, of Fayette, certificate.

STALLIONS FOR SADDLF..

Four years old and upwards, Wm. C. Vanmeter, of Clarke, premium; Charles Talbot, of
Bourbon, certificate.

Three years old and under four, Horace Benton, of Bourbon, premium; no certificate.

Two years old and under three, W. V. Cromwell, of Fayette, premium; Joseph Graves, of
Fayette, certificate.

BROOD MARES FOR SADDLE.

Four years old and upwards, Logan Railey, of Woodford, premium; C. V. Talbot, of Fay-
ette, certificate.

Three years and under four, Henry Hedge, of Bourbon, premium; Samuel Muir, of Fayette,
certificate.

Two years old and under three, Thomas Lewis, of Clarke, premium; Noah Ferguson, of
Fayette, certificate.

GELDINGS FOR HARNESS.

Four years old and upwards, Thomas Bowman, of Fayette, premium; Silas Evans, of Fay -
ette, certificate.

Trhee years old and under four, Henry Nicholds, of Harrison, premium; James R. Wornall,
of Clarke, certificate.

Two years old and under three, Robert Nutter, of Fayette, premium; Isaac F. Cook, of
Montgomery, certificate.

Best Buggy Mare in Harness, Solomon Lowe, of Fayette, premium; Colby T. Quisenberry,
of Clarke, certificate.

GELDINGS FOR SADDLE.

Three years old and under four, John Hildreth, of Bourbon, premium; Joseph Graves, of
Fayette, certificate.

Two years old and under three, Lunsford Talbot, of Bourbon, premium; Isaac Smith, of
Clarke, certificate.

PAIRS OF HORSES.

Best pair of Horses in Harness, John K. Lincoln, of Fayette, premium; E. J. Smith, of
Fayette, certificate.

Best pairs of Mares in Harness, Ambrose D. Young, of Woodford, premium; Thompson B .
Fields, of Jessamine, certificate.

138 REPORT OF THE

SECOND DAY.

BLOODED STALLIONS.

Three years old and upwards, Daniel Smith, of Clarke, premium; Horace Benton, of Bour-
bon, certificate.

Two years old and under three, David Hathaway, of Montgomery, premium; no certificate.
One year old and under two, Thomas Lewis, of Clarke, premium; no entries for certificate.

BLOODED MARES.

Three years old and upwards, James H. G. Bush, of Clarke, premium; James Price, of
Clarke, certificate.

Two years old and under three, no entries.

One year old and under two, Harrison Thompson, of Clarke, premium; Thomas G. Sudduth,
of Clarke, certificate.

SADDLE HORSE AND MARE.

Gelding four years old and upwards, Robert Prewitt, of Fayette, premium; Logan Railey
Woodford, certificate.

Mare, four years old and upwards, Wm. R. Duncan, of Clarke, premium; Noah Ferguson,
of Fayette, certificate.

DRAFT HORSES.

Best Stallion, any age, George Lunceford Chiles, of Fayette, premium; John Larrimore, of
Madison, certificate.

Best Mare, of any age, Jacob Hughes, of Fayette, premium; George Lunceford Chiles, of
Fayette, certificate.

Best Gelding, of any age, Charles Harris, of Bourbon, premium; Noah Ferguson, of Fay-
ette, certificate.

MULES.

Best Mule, three years old and upwards, either sex, Rogers & Lindsay, of Bourbon, premium;
Benjamin Taul, of Clarke, certificate.

Two years old and under three, either sex, Samuel Muir, of Fayette, premium; Harvey
Rice, of Bourbon, certificate.

One year old and under two, either sex, Dory Veal, of Fayette, premium; no certificate.

MULE COLTS.

Best sucking Mare Mule Colt, Andrew Wilson, of Bourbon, premium; Samuel S. Calmes,
of Fayette, certificate.

Best Horse Mule Colt, Lewis & Wilson, of Bourbon and Clarke, premium; Simpson Willis,
of Claike, certificate.

HARNESS MULES.

Best single broke Mule, in harness, either sex, Craig & Kennedy, of Lexington, premium;
W. Hal ley Smith, of Montgomery, certificate.

Best pair of Mules, in harness, either sex, Wm. R. Duncan, of Clarke, premium; Philip
Judy, of Clarke, certificate.

Five best two year old Mules, fattened by one man, Harrison Thompson, of Clarke, premium
and cetificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Stallion, any age, Solomon Lowe, of Fayette, premium; Horace Benton, of Bourbon,
certificate.

Best Mare, any age, John H. Moore, of Clarke, premium; Ambrose D. Young, of Wood-
ford, certificate.

Best Gelding, any age, J. K. Lincoln, of Fayette, premium; Henry Nieholds, of Harrison,
certificate.

The premiums awarded were all silver cups. The sweepstakes were silver goblets.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 139

CRAB ORCHARD AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
No Report has been received from this Society. The following ac-
count of the Fair was taken from the Danville Tribune:

FIRST DAY.

Bilk Quilt, three entries, Mrs. T. Curry, Harrodsburg, premium; Mrs. V. H. Moss, cer-
tificate.

Worsted Quilt, three entries, Miss M. D. Yantis, Lancaster, premium; Mrs. James Mc-
Allister, Lincoln, certificate.

Cotton Quilt, eight entries, Mrs. J. S. Murphy, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. M.J. Elkin, Gar-
rard, certificate.

Pair of Blankets, two entries, Mrs A. I. Caldwell, Boyle, premium; Mrs. S. Doty, Garrard,
certificate.

Plaid Linsey, five entries, Mr3 D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. W. L. Caldwell,
Boyle, certificate.

Plain Linsey, Mrs. W. L. Caldwell, Boyle, premium and certificate.

Fine Jeans, six entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. John S. Murphy,
Lincoln, certificate.

Negro Jeans, four entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. L. H. Bryant,
Lincoln, certificate.

White Klannel, three entries, Mrs. A. I. Caldwell, Boyle, premium; Mrs. Dr. Owsley, Lin-
coln, certificate.

Tow Linen, Mrs A. I. Caldwell, Boyle, premium.

Flax Linen, two entries, Mrs. James Oldham, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. A. I. Caldwell,
Boyle, certificate.

Pair Hose, five entries, Mrs. James Blythe, Madison, premium and certificate.

Yarn Carpet, four entries, Mrs. James Blythe, Madison, premium; Mrs. Levi Hubble, Pu-
laski, certificate.

Rag Carpet, three entries, Miss Margaret Daugherty, Crab Orchard, premium; Mrs. W. S.
Adams, Garrard, certificate.

Gent's Coat, made and pressed by a lady, two entries, Miss Margaret Daugherty, Crab
Orchard, premium; Mrs. M. A. Yantis, Lancaster, certificate.

Gent's Saddle and Bridle, James Beddow, Crab Orchard, premium and certificate.

Side Sole Leather, six entries, J. S. Murphy, Lincoln, premium; B. & W. Beard, Garrard,
certificate.

Side Upper Leather, eight entries, J.S. Murphy, Lincoln, premium; W. T. Stephenson,
Crab Orchard, certificate.

Harness Leather, six entries, William Beard, Garrard, premium; J. S. Murphy, Lincoln,
certificate.

Boots and Shoes, N. Sandifer, Lancaster, premium and certificate.

SECOND DAY.

Honey, Mrs. A. B. Foley, Lincoln, premium and certificate.

Butter, Mrs. A. McRoberts, Lincoln, premium.

Cheese, three entries, Mrs. James Blythe, Madison, premium; Mrs. Eliza Roberts, Lie-
coin, certificate.

Boiled Ham, Mrs. William M. Garnett, Lincoln, premium.

Saddle of Mutton, Mrs. Hiram Roberts, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. N. G. Shropshire, Gar-
rard, certificate.

Loaf Wheat Bread, four entries, Mrs. A. McRoberts, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. Sally A.
Higgins, Crab Orchard, certificate.

Loaf Corn Bread, Mrs. A. McRoberts, Lincoln, premium.

Irish Potatoes, three entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln, premium; James McAllister,
Lincoln, certificate.

Sweet Potatoes, Mrs. Coleman Stigall, Pulaski, premium.

Cabbage, Mrs John Baughman, Lincoln, premium.

Hogs — Aged Boar, James Crow, Lincoln, premium.

Aged Sow, 4 entries, Hendley Middleton, Lincoln, premium; M. J. Harris, Lincoln, cer-
tificate.

Boar Pigs, Spears Fisber, Lincoln, premium ; M. V. Smith, Lincoln, certificate.

Sow Pigs, Spears Fisher, premium and certificate.

Fatted Hog, three entries, Hiram Roberts, Lincoln, premium; James McAllister, Lincoln,
certificate.

Sheep — Best Buck, three entries, W. M. Garnett, Lincoln, premium; A. B. Foley, Lin-
coln, certificate.

Best Ewe, Benjamin & Jesse Dunn, Garrard, premium and certificate.

140 REPORT OF THE

Pair Lambs, two entries, Benjamin & Jesse Dunn, Garrard, premium; A. Cavanaugh, Gar-
rard, certificate.

Best Shod Horse, five entries, James Mershon, Lincoln, premium; D.N. Heath, Boyle,
certificate.

THIRD DAY.

Jack, aged, four entries, S. C.Brown, Washington, premium; J. & D. N. Heath, Boyle,
certificate.

Jack, two years old, five entries, Thomas Robertson, Lincoln, premium; D. A. Knox, Boyle,
certificate.

Jack, one vear old, four entries, Robert Ray, Garrard, premium; W. H. & B. F. Beasley,
Garrard, certificate.

Jack Colt, five entries, J. M. Hail, Pulaski, premium; H. P. & H. B. Middleton, Lincoln,
certificate.

Jennet, aged, two entries, W. L. Tarkington, Boyle, premium; D. A. Knox, Boyle, certifi-
cate.

Jennet, two years old, two entries, Fred. Adams, Garrard, premium; Thomas K. Salter,
Garrard, certificate

Jennet, one year old, four entries, W. L. Tarkington, Boyle, premium; W. G. Thurman,
Lincoln, certificate.

Jennet Colt, four entries, George M. Proctor, Boyle, premium; A. Buford, Crab Orchard,
certificate.

Mules, two years old, two entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; A. Pollard, Garrard, cer-
tificate.

Mule, one year old, nine entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; William Duke, Boyle, cer-
tificate.

Sucking Horse Colt, five entries, Roy Stewart, Lincoln, premium; Henry E. Owsley, Lin-
coln, certificate.

Socking Mare Colt, three entries, Roy Stewart, Lincoln, premium; D. N. Heath, Boyle,
certificate.

Pair of Mules, three entries, A. Buford, Crab Orchard, premium; E Davidson, Washing-
ton, certificate.

Bull, aged, four entries, John Baughman, Lincoln, premium; R. Gentry, Lincoln, certifi-
cate.

Bull, two years old, three entries, James Bentley, Lincoln, premium; James BIythe, Madi-
son, certificate.

Bull, one year old, four entries, W . Mounce, Lincoln, premium; Roy Stewart & A. Beas-
ley, Lincoln, certificate.

Bull Calf, six entries, John Baughman, Lincoln, premium; Joseph Gentry, Lincoln, cer-
tificate.

Cow, aged, three entries, A. H. Sneed, Boyle, premium; W. Mounce, Lincoln, certifi-
cate.

Cow, two years old, A. Pollard, Garrard, premium.

Cow, one year old, three entries, M. V. Smith, Lincoln, premium; T. W. Varnon, Lincoln,
certificate.

Heifer Calf, six entries, N. J. Shropshire, Garrard, premium; Overton H. Gentry, Lincoln,
certificate.

Fatted Cattle, two entries, J. Warren Grigsby, Lincoln, premium and certificate.

Yoke of Oxen, three entries, Malcolm Gill, Garrard, premium; P. &. M. V. Smith, Lin-
coln, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

Blooded Stallion, aged, three entries, W. G. Hardin, Nashville, Tennessee, premium; M.
F. Embry, Madison, certificate.

Sucking Colt, two entries, Malcolm Gill, Garrard, premium; John Kincaid, Boyle, certifi-
cate.

Blooded Stallion, three years old, Kincaid & Weisiger, Boyle, premium and certificate.

Blooded Stallion, two years old, two entries, W. W. Owsley, Lincoln, premium; M. F.
Embry, Madison, certificate.

Blooded Mare, aged, four entries, Thomas K. Salter, Garrard, premium; J Warren Grigs-
by. Lincoln, certificate.

Blooded Mare, two years old, two entries, John S. Farris, Crab Orchard, premium; A. J.
Read, Rockcastle, certificate.

Blooded Mare, one year old, Thomas S. Redd, Fayette, premium and certificate.

Aged Stallion for Harness, five entries, Mason R. Henry, Woodford, premium; Dennis
Nicholas, Lincoln, certificate.

Two year old Stallion for Harness, two entries, John T. Ewing, Madison, premium; Thos.
K. Salter, Garrard, certificate.

One year old Stallion for Harness, seven entries, James Miller, Lincoln, premium; James
Oldham, Lincoln, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

141

Sucking Stud Colts, eleven entries, John H. Parrot, Washington, premium; Malcolm Gill,
Garrard, certificate.

Brood Mare for- Harness, aged, ten entries, C. Rodes, Danville, premium; Malcolm Gill,
Garrard, certificate.

Brood Mare, two years old, four entries, A. Gentry, Lincoln, premium; A. Burton, Garrard,
certificate.

Brood Mare, one year old, five entries, F. Denny, Garrard, premium; D. R. Caldwell,
Lincoln, certificate.

Sucking Mare Colts, five entries, H. E. Owsley,' Lincoln, premium; A. Pollard, Garrard,
certificate.

Finest aged Stallion, two entries, J. H. Jones, Mercer, premium; S. Doty, Garrard, cer-
tificate.

Saddle Horse or Mare, fourteen entries, M. F. Embry, Madison, premium; James T. Den-
ny, Garrard, certificate.

Buggy Horse or Mare, five entries, Scott Brown, Frankfort, premium; D. N. Heath, Boyle,
certificate.

Pair Harness Horses or Mares, G. Elkin, Garrard, premium; N. T. Lee, Bojle, certifi-
cate

Draft Stallion, Horse or Mare, five entries, John Myers, Lincoln., premium ; J. Warren
Grigsby, Lincoln, certificate.

Finest John M. Clayton Colt, W. Higgins, Lincoln; premium.

PREMIUMS OF MERIT,

On Needle Work, were awarded to Mrs. James Blythe, of Madison; Miss Bell Read, of
Crab Orchard; Miss Miry F Blythe, of Midison, Mrs. Roy Stewart, of Lincoln; Miss Mary
Adams, of Garrard; Mrs. McCormack, of Garrard; Mrs. J. Weisiger, of Boyle; Miss Eliza-
beth Bobbitt, of Pulaski; Mrs. Sally A. Higgins, of Crab Orchard; Mrs. A. 1. Caldwell, of
Boyle, (on half hose;) Mrs. Sally A. Higgins, of Crab Orchard, (on tomatoes )

DAVIESS COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL SOCIETY.

This Society held her third annual Fair on the grounds of the Soci-
ety, near Ovvensboro, in 1856. A lull history of the Society is prom-
ised for 1857. Mr. Wm. Bell is President, and Clinton McCarty, Cor-
responding Secretary.

FULTON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
No report has been received from this Society. The following ac-
count of her first Fair was republished in the Western Farm Journal,
from which it is extracted :

The first Fair of this young Association was held near Hickman, on the 14th, 15th and 16th
of October, and we are assnred was eminently successful. Another year we hope to have the
pleasure of being in personal attendance upon it. The occasion is thus noticed by the editor
of the Hickman Argus :

' : The exhibition of all classes of articles was as fine and extensive as was anticipated by
the most sanguine. The attendance was large and much interest was manifested. The Board
of Directors richly deserve great praise for the manner in which everything was conducted.
It being the first Fair liolden by the Association, and the time from the organization to the
date of the Fair being very short, they had many difficulties to contend with, which those in-
experienced in matters of the kind know but little of We hail the successful termination of
the enterprise as the dawn of a new era in the affairs of Fulton county, and as the harbinger
of great improvement in our agricultural products, the breed of stock, and mechanical manu-
factures."

The following list of awards was reported by Mr. Roulhac, the Secretary of the Board of
Directors :

AL report of the

FIRST DAY.

MANUFACTURES — WOOLEN ARTICLES.

Homemade Jeans, Mrs. C W. Brevard, premium ; Mrs. C. J. Coker, certificate.

Pair home made Blankets, Mrs W. A. Alexander, premium ; Mrs. A. J. Roper, certificate.

Pair Gloves, Mrs. Dr. Gourley, premium.

Pair Woolen Half Hose, Mrs. M. N. Johnson, premium; Mrs. Dr. Gourley, certificate.

Piece home made Carpet, Mrs. J. F. Caldwell, premium.

Jeans Coat, made by a Lady, Mrs. A. S. Tyler, premium.

COTTON AND LINEN ARTICLES.

Cotton Quilt, Mrs. T. E. Gleeson, premium ; Mrs. James Erwin, certificate.
Cotton Counterpane, Mrs. B. F. Davis, premium; Mrs. Gourley, certificate.
Cloth Coat, made by a Tailor, W. E. Bolinger premium.

EMBROIDERY AND FANCY ARTICLES.

Lady's Silk Bonnet, Mrs. F. Roulhac, premium.

Cotton Embroidery, Mrs. T. E. Gleeson, premium and certificate.

Woolen Embroidery, Mrs. F. Roulhac, premium ; Mrs. R S. McConnel, certificate.

Silk Embroidery, Mrs. A. M. C. Simmons, premium; Miss C. Brevard, certificate.

Fancy Hat, Miss P. Allen, premium; Mrs. J. C. Steele, certificate.

Hair Embroidery, Mrs. A. Shuck, premium.

Fancy Shoes, Mrs. Franck Roulhac, premium; Mrs. Dr. Gourley, certificato.

Painting, Mrs. Franck Roulhac, premium.

LEATHER MANUFACTURES.

Ladies' Saddle and Buggy Harness, Towle & Anderson, premium and certificate.
Pair Boots, I. & F. Berendes, premium.

AGRICULTURAL.

Four Horse Wagon, Madison Adams, premium.

ORCHARD AND GARDEN.

Bushel of Apples, Mr3. R.Wilson, premium; J. F. Marrs, certificate.

Pumpkin, H. H. 'Wilson, premium.

Seed Corn, H. H. Wilson, certificate.

Sweet Potatoes, W. L. Alexander, premium ; T. E. Gleeson, certificate.

Irish Potatoes, John Britton, premium.

Turnips and Beets, Mrs. G. Carey, premium.

DAIRY.

Butter, Mrs. R. C. Prather, premium; Mrs. L. White, certificate.

POULTRY.

Pair Chickens, Mrs. Franck Roulhac, premium; Master T. Prather, certificate.
Pair Ducks, C. J. Coker, premium ; Master T. Prather, certificate.
Pair Geese, Mrs. C. W. Brevard, premium.

SHEEP.

Buck, J. E. Penny, premium^ R. B. Alexander, certificate.
Ewe, J. E. Penny, premium ; N. N. Cowgill, certificate.

CATTLE.

Bull, two years old and over, H. Lawson, certificate.

Bull, under two years old, W. J. N. Welborn, premium.

Bull, under one year old, W Kennedy, premium and certificate.

Milch Cow, franck Roulhac, certificate.

Heifer, D. Zimmerman, premium ; W. J. N. Welborn, certificate.

SECOND DAY.

PRODUCTS OF THE FIELD.

Seed Wheat, J. Britton, premium.

Seed Oats, H. H. Wilson, premium.

Seed Rye, and Seed Tobacco, John Britton, premium.

Seed-Flax, JM . Scearce, premium.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Buggy, T. J. Kirkpatrick, premium.
Rifle, J. D. Gillmore, Premium.
Piiutiug, Gray & Mcintosh, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

HOG8.

Boar, under one year old, C. J. Coker, premium.

Sow, under one year old,C. J. Coker, premium and certificate.

Boar, over one year old, C. W. Brevard, premium.

Sow, over one year old, C. W. Brevard, premium.

JACKS AND JENNETS.

Jack, one year old and under three, S. A. Ingram, premium ; J. E Pennv, certificate.

Jack, over five years old ; W. L. Alexander, premium ; S. Burrus, certificate.

Sucking Jennet, H. Lawson, premium.

Jennet, one year and under two, W. L. Alexander, premium; R. S. McConnell, certificate.

MULES.

Mule, under one year old, S. H. Ingram, premium; W. L. Alexander, certificate.

Mule, one year old and under two, James White, premium ; R. d. McConnell, certificate.

Mule, two years and under three, John Barnes, premium.

Mule, three years and over, W. L. Alexander, premium ; W.J. N. Welborn, certificate.

HORSES AND MARES.

Cole, under one year, J. R. Hall, premium ; R. S. McConnell, certificate.

Stallion, one year old and under two, A. Shuck, premium ; Win. Wade, certificate.

Stallion, three years and under five, John Hall, premium; J E. Penny, certificate.

Stallion, five years and over, T. B. Joiner, premium; J. Erwin, certificate.

Mare, one year old and under two, W. L. Alexauder, premium; Sylvester Allen, certificate

Mare, two years and under three, A Shuck, premium; A. J. Roper, certificate.

Mare, three years and under five, G. H. Carey, premium; John Barnes, certificate.

Brood Mare, over five years old, S. H. Ingram, premium.

Model Horses or Mares, W. L. Alexander, premium; 0. F. Young, certificate.

Draft Horses, E. H. Wilson, premium.

THIRD DAY.

HORSES AND MARES.

Buggy Horse, W. J. N. Welborn, premium; Ed. Crossland, certificate.

Buggy Mare, J. A. Sloan, premium ; John Mays, certificate.

Pair of Match Horses, J. M. Bullock, premium.

Fastest Buggy Horse, A. D. Kingman, premium ; J. N. Walgamot, certificate.

Saddle Horse, W. J. N. Welborn, premium ; W. M. Marr, certificate.

Saddle Mare, A. J. Alexander, premium; J. W. Gourley, certificate.

Saddle Pony, Billy Alexander, premium ; R. A. Price, certificate.

HENDERSON, HOPKINS, AND UNION AGRICULTTRAL, HORTICULTURAL
AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

A pretty full report has been received from the officers of this young
and spirited Association.

The following notice of the Fair is taken from the Western Farm

Journal:

Few if any of our Agricultural Societies have displayed more energy than the association
named above. It was not organized until about the middle of April 1856, and did not do any
business until after the meeting of the State Agricultural Convention in Frankfort, on the
21st May. It then purchased twenty-seven and a half acres of land, sixteen of which it en-
closed with a plank fence, on black locust posts, nine feet high. This done, the Directors
laid off an amphitheatre the same as *Jiat of the South-Western Association near Louisville,
and set workmen upon it who had it half completed before the occurrence of the F;iir. Thej
also built one hundred and twenty five stalls for horses and cattle, and had all necessary trees
upon their grounds grubbed up, besides clearing out all brush aud briars. In the midst of this

144 REPORT OF THE

work, they had the good sense and cultivated taste to spare trees which now form, it is believ-
ed, one of the most beautiful groves ever seen. And a further mark of excellence in their
grounds is a fine elm tree that occupies the centre of the ring, around which is erected a beau-
tiful stand for the judges and musicians.

All this, be it remembered, was completed in time for the first annual Fair of the Associa-
tion, which took place on the 14th, 15th, 16th, and 17th days of October. If any other new
agricultural society has displayed energy and taste equal to that here set forth, we shall be
pleased to receive and publish the evidences of the fact. Such operations at the outset, it
must be admitted, afford a very sure guarantee that the future of the Henderson Association
will be something of which the people of that interesting section of the State may well feel
proud, and we shall not be at all surprised to find them successful applicants for the Kentucky
State Fair the first time it may be held in the district to which they belong. Henderson is
an accessible point, the exhibition grounds which we have briefly sketched, will certainly be
among the very best'in the State when completed, and we are advised that measures are now
on foot which will eventuate in superior and sufficient hotel accommodations by the regular
season of the next annual fair of the Association.

By the annexed premium list, for which we are indebted to our friend and correspondent,
Mr. John T. Towles, it will be seen that the first fair of the Henderson, Hopkins, and Union
Agricultural, Horticultural, and Mechanical Association was on a scale commensurate with
the admirable preparations that had been made for it. Our Henderson friends have certainly
made a most creditable beginning in a most praiseworthy work. The Henderson Commercial,
in noticing the fair, says: " The two first days were well attended, but the crowd on the third
day exceeded the expectation of every one. There were, we think, not less than 5,000 per-
sons present. We had no idea that there would be so much fine stock exhibited. There were
over a hundred entries of horses alone, and some of them are as fine blooded and as well
formed as any country can produce — such as Keutuckians may well be proud of."

FIRST DAY.

MAN UFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, factory made, Paul Marrs, premium and certificate.

Fine Jeans, home made, S. R. Springer, premium; J W. Cheatham, certificate.

Nepro Jeans, home made, James S. Priest, premium.

Woolen Ho»e, Mrs. M. E. Borum, certificate.

Woolen Half Hose, Miss Susan E. Rudy, premium; Mrs. F. W. Posey, certificate.

Pair of Blankets, Mrs. VV. B. Woodruff, premium.

Carpet, home made, Mrs. James S. Priest, premium; Mrs. R. H. Alves, certicate.

Cotton Hose, Miss Susan E. Rudy, premium.

Cotton Half Hose, Mrs. VV. B. Woodruff, premium; Mrs. N. L. Cook, certificate.

Ladies' Fine Boots, Mrs. A.. C. Sugg, premium; Dallam & Allen, certificate.

Rifle. Mayer &, Sons, premium and certificate.

Shot Gun, Mayer & Sons, premium and certificate.

Buggy* W. B. Woodiuff, premium; Smith Gavitt, certificate and complimentary premium.

Homespun Sewing Silk, J. P. Brown, premium.

NEEDLEWORK.

Needlework, ten entries, Mrs. J. H. Sublett, premium; Mrs. N L. Cooke, certificate.
Jeans Coat, cut and made by a Lady, Mrs. David Dunn, premium.
Linen Sliiit, cut and made by a Lady, Miss Ann Herr, premium.
Cotton Shirt, Mrs. L. J. McBride, premium.

Silk Quilt, patch wo:k, three entries, Mrs. N. L. Cook, premium; Mrs. Dr. Howard, cer-
tificate.

Worsted Quilt, Mrs. N. L. Cook, premium; Mrs. E. M Cheaney, certificate.

Cotton Quilt, seven entries, Mrs. Eliza Quiun, premium; Mrs. Elizabeth Shelbv, certificate.

Bed Siead.or Coverlid, Mrs. Elizi Quinn, premium; Mrs. John Jerdone, certificate.

Pair Pants, Mrs Dr. Kimbly, premium.

Fur Cape, Amelia Graves, premium.

TOBACCO.

Tobacco, best Shipping, seven entries, Mrs. E. J. Hart, premium; T. R. Book, certificate.
Tobacco, best Stemming Leaf, three entries, Mrs. E. J. Hart, premium; T. R. Book, certifi-
cate.

Tobacjo, best Manufacturing Leaf, Mrs. E. J. Hart, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 145

AGRICULTURAL, IMPLEMENTS.

Cutting Box, C. II. Powell & Co., premium and certificate.

Two Horse Wagon, J. H. Lambert & Co., premium.

Hay Rake, C. H. Powell & Co., premium.

Sausage Cutter. Mayer & Sons, premium.

Horse Power, John Woody, premium.

Plow, two horse sod, C. H. Powell & Co., premium.

Plow, two horse stubble. C. H. Powell & Co , premium; J. H. Lambert, certificate.

Plow, one horse, C. H. Powell & Co., premium; John H. Lambert, certificate.

PRODUCTS OF THE FIELD AND ORCHARD.

Wheat, one bushel. John E. McCallister, premium; John Funk, certificate.

Bread Corn, John McCormick, premium; George Payne, certificate.

Stock Corn, George Pavne, premium.

Best display of varieties of Apples, W. S Elam, premium.

Best bushel of Apples, W. S. Elam, premium and certificate.

Wine, four entries, Mrs. George Payne, premium and certificate.

Cordial, four entries, Mrs. L. J. McBride, premium; Mrs. Walter Towle3, certificate.

Cider, N. M. Hicks, premium.

PANTRY.

Butter, W. S. Elam, premium; Mrs. George Payne, certificate.

Ham, cooked, three entries, John J. Towles, premium; Mrs. James Alves, certificate.

Flour, W. Y. Gill & Co., premium.

Meal, W. Y.Gill & Co., premium.

Best Loaf Bread, Mrs. John Jordon, premium; Mrs. R. H. Alves, certificate.

Pound Cake, four entries, Mrs. W. J. Ross, premium and certificate.

GARDEN.

Beets, Mrs. M. E Borum, premium; John McCormick, certificate.

Turnips, John McCormick, premium.

Cabbage, Win. Soaper, premium; W. S. Elam, certificate.

POULTRV, AC

Chickens, Cochin China, T. J. Lockett, premium.
Brama Pootra, Mrs. W. P. Smith, certificate.
Poland, John Funk, premium.

Soft Soap, Mrs. John Jordon, premium.

Hard Soap. Mrs. John Jordon, premium.

Painting, Mi?s Fiances Fuller, premium.

Fancy Picture, Miss Frances Fuller, premium.

Display of Jewelry and Revolver, S. Eusell & Sons, premium.

SECOND DAY.

CATTLE

Short horn Bull, three years old and upwards, two entries, W. T. Barret, premium; W.P-
Smith, certificate.

Short-horn Bull, one year and under two, three entries, J. W. Alves, premium; W. P,
Smith, certificate.

Short horn Cow, over three years, three entries, A. J. Anderson, premium; W. S. Elam,.
certificate.

Short horn Cow, two years and under three, four entries, A. J. Anderson, premium and cer-
tificate.

Short horn Cow; one year and under two, four entries, A. J. Anderson, premium and certifi-
cate.

Best Fat Cow, W. S. Elam, premium; John J. Towles, certificate.

Milch Cow, F. Cunningham, premium; W. S. Elam, certificate.

Yoke of Oxen, A. J. Anderson, premium and certificate.

Hereford Bull, John J. Towles. premium.

Hereford Cow, J hn J. Towles, premium.

Hereford Calf, John J. Towles, premium

Grade Bull Calf, under one year, A J. Anderson, premium; John J. Towles, certificate

Grade Cow, three years and upward, W. S. Elam, premium; James Alves, certificate.

Grade Cow, two years old and under three, A. J. Anderson, premium and certificate.

Grade Heifer, R. H. Alves, premium; A. J. Anderson, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKE CATTLE.

Best Bull, all ages, A, J. Anderson, premium; W. P. Smith, certificate.

Best Cow or Heifer, all ages, W. S. Elam, premium; A. J. Anderson, certificate.

146 REPORT OF THE

SHEEP.

Southdown Buck, A. B. Barret, premium; John J. Towles, certificate.

Southdown Ewe, A. B. Barret, premium.

Cotswold Buck, W. T. Barret, premium; W. S. Elam, certifi :ate.

Cotswold Ewe, VV. T. Barret, premium; W. S. Elam, certificate.

Pair of Lambs, VV. T. Barret, premium and certificate.

Grade Buck, T. J. Lockett, premium.

HOGS.

Boar, one year and under two, A. J. Anderson, premium.

Boar, under one year and over six months, VV'm. Taylor, premium.

Sow, under one year and over six mouths, Wm. Taylor, premium.

Best pair of Pigs, under six months, W.S. Elam, premium; VV. P. Smith, certificate.

Largest and heaviest Hog, A. J. Anderson, premium.

THIRD DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Geldin^, three years and over, James Alves, premium; Smith Gavitt, certificate.
Geldin tr , one year and under two, John H. Cambron, premium; VVm. Lockett, certificate.
Stallion, four years and upwards, Wm. Norris, premium; George Payne, certificate.
Stallion, three years and uuder four, H. Baskett, premium; Thomas 11 Powell, certificate.
Stallion, two years and under three, N. C. Powell, premium; N. M. Johnson, certificate.
Stallion, one year and under two, G. T. Noel, premium; A. H. Has-kins, certificate.
Mare, three yeara and upward, S. F. MuNary, premium; George Payne, certificate.
Brood Mare, T. L. Phillips, premium; George Payne, certificate.

Brood Mare, two years and uuder thr^e, George Payne, premium; Wm. Lockett, certificate.
Mare Colt, G. Payne, premium and certificate.
Buo-ay Hor^e, Henry Lyne, premium; VV. F. Stone, certificate.
Pair~of Harness Mares, L. D. Barbour, premium and certificate.

HARNESS HORSES.

Pair Harness Horse3, John Funk, premium.

Harness Stallion, four years and over, four entries, George Payne, premium; M. F. Whayne,
certificate.

Stallion, three years and under four, T. H. Powell, premium.

Stallion, one year and under two, six entries, A. H. Haskins, premium; Ignatius Drury, cer-
tificate.

Stallion Colt, W. J. Alves, premium.

Mare Colt, George Payne, piemium.

Mare, three years and under lour, J. D. Hatchill, premium; M. J. Whayne, certificate.

Mare, two years aud under three, l\ L Phillips, premium; George Payne, certificate.

Mare, one year oid and under two, Benj. Stout, premium and certificate.

SADDLE HORSES.

Saddle Stallion, four years and over, N. E. Mitcheson, premium; James W. Martin, certifi-
cate.
Stallion, one year and under two, G. P. Lilly, premium; Ignatius Drury, certificate.
Mare, two veais and under three, C. R. Beinent, premium; C F. Noel, certificate.
Mare, two years and under three, George Pa\ ne, premium; Win. Lockett, certificate.
Mare, one year and under two, R. U. Alves, premium.

Gelding, three years and under lour, Darius Field, piemium; Wm. B. Woodruff, certificate.
Geldiug, two years and uuder three, A. J. Morrison, premium; F. W. Posey, certificate.
Best Riding Horse, Wm. S. Stone, premium; Smith Gavitt, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

BUGGY HORSES.

Bucro-v Horse, sixteen entries, Smith Gavitt, premium; E. O. Reed, certificate.
Bu" ,r v Mare, six entries, VVm. S. Stone, premium; N.C. Howard & Brother, certificate.
Pair Caniage Horses, Wm. B Woodruff, piemium.
Pair Buggy Horses, Thomas H. Pointer, premium.
Pair Bu""'y Mares, M. S. Hancock, premium.

Harness Gelding, three years old aud uuder four, Smith Gavitt, premium; John Funk, cer-
tificate.

DRAFT HORSE3.

Draft Stallion, over four years, N. C. Howard & Brother, premium; J. W. Hanley, certifi-
cate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 147

Draft Mare, one year and under two, James McEwen, premium.

Draft Mare Colt, John Baskett, premium; F. Cunningham, certificate.^

Draft Gilding, four years and over, J. D. Hatchitt, premium; E. T. Cheatham, certificate.

Draft Gelding, three years and under four, E. T. Cheatham, premium.

Draft Gelding, two years and under three, J. T. Hicks, premium; J. M. Stone, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Stallion in Harness, M. J. Whayne, premium and certificate.
Best Stallion, seven entries, C.'T. Noel, premium; George Payne, certificate.
Geldings in Harness, seven entries, T. L. Phillips, premium; Smith Gavitt, certificate.
Geldings out of Harness, ei^ht entries, Smitn Gavitt, premium; James Alves, certificate.
Mares in Harness, seven entries, L. D. Barbour, premium: T. L. Phillips, certificate.
Mares out of Harness, six entries, T. L. Phillips, premium; David Duun, certificate.

MULES.

Mule, two years and upward, Wm. Lockett, premium; John Funk, certificate.
Mule, one year and under two, John Funk, premium; Henry Lyne, certificate.
Mule Colt, Sanders Etves, premium; John McCormick, certificate.
Pair broke Mules, John Funk, premium.

JACKS AND JENNETS.

Jack, three years and upward, F. Cunningham, premium; James White, certificate.

Jack, two years and under three, S. K. MeNary, premium.

Jennet, three years and under four. Wm. Lockett, premium.

Jennet, one year and under two, Wm. Lockett, premium; G. W. Scantlin, certificate.

Jennet Colt, Wm. Lockett, premium.

HARRISON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

A full and interesting report has been received from the patriotic

President of this excellent Society.

Harrison County, Ky., Nov. 10, 1856.
Robert W. Scott,

Corresponding Secretary Kentucky State Agricultural Society;

Sir — In compliance with your request, I submit the following history of the organization
and report of the first exhibition of the Harrison County Agricultural and Mechanical Asso-
ciation:

About the latter part of February, 1856, a few of the farmers of our county, together with
some other citizens, casually met in Cynthiana, when the subject of organizing a county so-
ciety being mentioned, it was concluded then and there to make an effort to start the enter-
prise, and accordingly a number, not exceeding thirty persons, met, organized, and appointed
a committee to drafc and forward to the General Assembly (then in session) a charter, grant-
ing the usual corporate privileges, which was passed and approved early in March. At a
meeting held, upon receiving a copy of the charter, it was determined to make an effort to
obtain, by a subscription of slock, a fund sufficient to enable us to purchase ground, to inclose
the same with a good fence, build an amphitheatre, and make such other improvements as
the state of our finances would justify. We resolved that thirty three and one third dollars
should constitute a share, and the holder of a certificate of one or more shares would be en^
titled to all the privileges of membership. A number of our citizens subscribed nine and
one of them ten shares, and others from that down to one share. We succeeded in obuiniojj
about $13,500 of available stock.

On the second Saturday in May (the time prescribed in the charter,} we held the first aa-
nual election of officers, which resulted as follows: Lucius Desha, President; Caleb Waltog.,
James Miller, Henry Nichols, Larkin Garnett, William H. Wilson, F. J. Gray, D.ivid
Dills, H. F. Cromwell, M. L. Broadwell, and A. H. Ward, Directors. The Board appointed
John A. Kirkpatriek, Recording Secretary; A. H. Ward, Corresponding Secretary; and T. A-
Frazier, Treasurer.

148

REPORT OF THE

We purchased eighteen acres of land about three-fourths of a mile from Cynthiana, at a
cost of $126 per acre, one third in hand, and the balance in two equal annual payments; have
inclosed it with a good plank fence; have built (as we think) one of the best amphitheatres,
aud centre or judges' stands, in the West. The amphitheatre's diameter, from out to out, is
225 feet, and the inner area 161 feet. It will seat 5,000 persons, and shelter 7,000. We have
built over one hundred stalls for stock, and design adding to that number next summer; have
dug a well upwards of forty feet deep. All of the above was done in time for the Fair, which
commenced on the 16th of September. Since then we have proceeded to build a very neat,
roomy, comfortable, and well arranged cottage building, now nearly completed. I have
not before me the exact table of expenditures. The following will closely approximate the
cost:

Stalls and fences, |1, 185 23; amphitheatre and centre stand, $7,846 46; wells, one com-
pleted, and the other not finished, $457 06; amount expended on cottage, together with the
estimate for completing the same, $2,647 51; making in all $12,136 26. There are yet other
expenses, not included in the above, which will cause our expenditures to amount to about
$13,500.

Our first annual exhibition came off on the 16th, 17th, 18th, and 19th days of September,
and its results surprised its most sanguine friends. We were much encouraged by the inter-
est manifested by our people, and those from other counties, who attended the Fair in crowds
each day, and who retired well pleased at what they witnessed. The first day was devoted to
the exhibition of articles of domestic manufacture, the mechanic arts, products of the field,
garden, and orchard, of the pantry and dairy, flowers, poultry, and agricultural implements.
Of the first named articles, notwithstanding the short notice they had for preparation (the list
of premiums not being published until July,) the ladies made an excellent display. The
same may be said of articles in the mechanic arts, products of the field, garden, and orchard.
The amount and variety were not as great as could be desired. The failure was occasioned
mainly by the drouth, with which we suffered in common with other portions of the State. In
the number and variety of agricultural implements exhibited, we regret to say, there was not
the display we desired to witness; but that was owing, in a measure, to the fact of there not
being sufficient inducements offered in premiums, an error which we hope to remedy in future.
In poultry we had a tolerably good display, and some exceedingly fine specimens.

On the second day were shown cattle, sheep, hogs, and saddle mares and geldings. The num-
ber and quality of cattle were good, and excited considerable interest. The same may be said
of the saddle mares and geldings. Of hogs and sheep, the number was not great, but the
specimens were supe-ior.

The third day was devoted to blooded horses and mares, draft horses, mules, and jack stock,
in all of which, except blooded horses, there was an unusually line display, both as to number
and quality.

On the fourth day were exhibited horses and mares for harness, carriage horses, buggy
horses, for the saddle, and horses for all work. This was certainly the most interesting day of
anv. The number in each ring was rather unusual, and the style and quality equal to any ex-
hibition at any county Fair.

The Fair wound up at a late hour in the evening, with a contest for a premium between,
bovs under thirteen years of age, mounted on ponies, or small horses, when all left the ground
much pleased at the first exhibition of the Harrison County Agricultural and Mechanical As-
sociation.

With this please find a copy of our act of incorporation, together with our Constitution and
Bv, Laws; also, a printed list of premiums offered.

Our receipts for annual membership, gate fees, rent of booths, &c, greatly exceeded our
expenditures incident to the Fair, including the premiums, and will leave a balance to aid in
improving the grounds.

In the history of our organization I have been more minute than I would have been, but
for the fact of our belief that we have effected much in a short time, and its history may be

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

the means of encouraging others. We hope to be able to present a spectacle of a county so-
ciety having put chafed grounds, and made all the necessary improvements without being in-
volved in debt to the amount of a dollar, and that in a space of nine months. But this credit
is mainly due to the liberality and interest of our citizens.

In conclusion, let me remark that our Fair has infused a spirit of improvement in our
midst, which is bound to tell at our future exhibitions, and must and will be promotive of
much good.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

LUCIUS DESHA, President.

The subjoined notice of the Fair is taken from a Cynthiana paper:

The Harrison County Fair. — Early in the spring of the present year, the wealthy farmers
of Harrison county, excited to a commendable spirit of rivalry by the successful exhibitions
held by their neighboring agriculturists, organized an Agricultural Association Fine grounds
were purchased, the proper enclosures built, a splendid amphitheatre and the necessary out-
buildings erected, rendering the improvements equal in substantiality and beauty , to any in
the State. List week the first annual lair was held. It was an occasion of the greatest fes-
tivity, especially i'u the county seat, Cynthiana. The daily attendance was very large, em-
bracing as tine specimens of womuily beauty and manly elegance as are to be found anywhere
in the State.

The exhibition reflected the greatest credit upon the skill and enterprise of the farmers,
and demonstrated that old Harrison is not a whit behind any county in the excellence and
abundance of her fine stock.

The arrangements for the fair were upon the most liberal scale, and unbounded hospitality
prevailed. Each night there was a grand bali at the West House, with other amusements of
an interesting character. The weather during the week was of the most brilliant and beau-
tiful description, adding thus still more to the pleasure of those present.

We congratulate our friends in Harrison upon the success of this first exhibition; and we
are gratified to learn that after defraying all the expenses for the purchase of grounds, build-
ings, &,e., there isa surplus in the treasury This necessarily renders the stock of the Asso-
ciation above psr, and reflects great credit upon the business tact and management of the
President, Gen. Lucius Desha, and his coadjutors.

The fair concluded on Fridiy with an exhibition of horses, mounted by lads. This was a
most thrilling scene, and the blue riobon was appropriately bestowed upon a bright golden
haired boy of five summers — .Mister J- Metz.

We give below the award of premiums, at the Fair of the Harrison County Agricultural
and Mechanical Association, held last week at Cynthiana. This was the first Fair of this
Association, but the display was worthy of any of the older Societies. The attendance was
very large, and the greatest success marked the exhibition throughout. The interest which
was manifested in the Association speaks well for the farmers in that vicinity. We are prom,
ised some account of the history of this Society from its commencement, which we hope to
lay belore the readers of the Farm Journal in our next issue.

FIRST DAY.

MANUFACTURES .

Home made Jeans, T. J. Grimes, premium.

White Cotton Quilt, (album,) Mrs. M. M. Birch, premium.

Negro Jeans, Mrs. Smyser, premium.

White Linsey, Mrs. V. J Grimes, premium.

White Flannel, Mrs. T. J. Grimes, premium.

Plaid L'nsey, Mrs. Larkin Girnett, premium.

Woolen Hose, Mrs. Joel love, premium ; Mrs. T. J. Grimes, certificate.

Woolen Half Hose, Mrs. Frank Gray, premium ; Mrs. Joel Love, certificate.

Carpets, Mrs. M. Nichols, premium.

Hearth Ru*;, Mrs M T. Smith, premium.

Woolen Embroidery, Mrs. Hub. Frazier, premium.

Hemp Linen, George Etymei, premium.

Colored Embroidery, Mrs. January, premium.

Linen Thread, G Rymel, premium.

Linen Shirt, Miss E Bissett, premium.

Cotton Shirt, J. Allen, premium.

Djuble H iruess, Turtoy &, Ev'eleth, premium.

Buggy Harness, Tartoy & E^eleth, premium.

150 REPORT OF THE

Saddle and Bridle, (gent's,) Turtoy & Eveleth, premium ; Coffman, certificate.

Ladies Saddle, Turtoy &, Eveleth, premium.

Fine Boot, Thomas Flanagan, premium.

Coarse Boot. Thomas Flanagan, premium.

Carriage, H. F Cromwell, premium and certificate.

Buggy, H. F. Cromwell, premium.

One dozen Chairs, Zeb Waid, premium.

Wagon, H. Cromwell, premium ; L Oxley, certificate.

FRUITS.

QTuinces, W. H. Wilson, premium.

PANTRY.

One Cooked Ham, Frank Gray, premium.
Jellies, Mrs. Curran, premium.

SECOND DAY.

LIVE STOCK — BREEDING CATTLE.

Best Bull, three years old and upward, five entries, Jerry Duncan, premium; George M.
Bedford, certificate.

Best Bull, two years old and under three, three entries, James Hutchcraft, premium; Frank
Gray, certificate.

Best Bull, oue year, six entries, R. Linsey, premium ; J. Patterson, certificate.

Best Calf, six entries, C. H. Perrin, premium ; W. H. Wilson, certificate.

Best Cow, three years and over, three entries, Jerry Duncan, premium; W. H. Wilson, cer-
tificate.

Best Cow, two years and under, three entries, R. Linsey, premium ; W. H. Wilson, cer-
tificate.

Best Cow, one year and under two, six entries, Gen. Desha, premium ; George Redford,
Certificate.

Best Cow, one year old, ten entries, W. H. Wilson, premium ; Jerry Duncan, certificate.

FAT CATTLE.

Best Fat Heifer, three years and over, two entries, Jerry Duncan, premium ; W. H. Wil-
son, certificate.

Best Fat Heifer, two years and under three, three entries, R. Linsey, premium ; W. H
Wilson, certificate.

Best Fat Heifer, one year and under two, six entries, L. Desha, premium ; George M. Bed-
ford, certificate.

Best four Sheep, fatted, one entry, Frank Gray, premium.

Best Oxen, for work, three entries, Sam Asbbrook, premium ; Tom Wornell, certificate.

SHEEP.

Best Cotswold Buck, two years old and over, two entries, Frank Gray, premium ; Geo. M.
Bedford, certificate.

Best Cotswold Back, one year and under two, one entry, Frank Gray, premium.

Best Ewe, one year old and under two, one entry, Frank Gray, premium.

Best Ewe, Bikewell,one year old and under two, Frank Gray, premium.

Best Middle- Wool Southdown Buck, two years old and over, one entry, F. Gray, premium.

Best Middle Wool Southdown Buck, one year old and uader, one entry, F Gray, premium.

Best Middle- Wool Southdown Ewe, two years old and over, two entries, F. Gray, premium
and certificate.

Best Middle Wool Southdown Ewe, one year old and under two, one entry, F. Gray, pre-
mium.

Fine-Wool Saxon Ewe, one entry, F. Gray, premium.

HOGS.

Best Boar, two years old and over, one entry, S. H. Clay, premium.

Best Boar, one year old and under two, two entries, S. H. Clay, premium ; A. C. Shrop-
shire, certificate.

Best Boar, six months old, three entries, S. H. Clay, premium and certificate.

Best Sow, two years and over, two entries, S. H. Clay, premium ; Frank Gray, certificate.

Best Sow, one year and under two, one entry, S. H. Ulay, premium.

Best Sow, six months old. three entries, S. H. Clay, premium and certificate.

Best pair Pigs, three entries, S. H. Clay, premium and certificate.

SADDLE MARES AND GELDINGS.

Best Mare for saddle, four years old and over, eight entries, L. Railey, of Woodford, pre-
mium ; O. V. Talbot, certificate.

Mare, three years and under four, one entry, Steans, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 151

Mare, two rears and under three, four entries, S. H. Lewis, of Clarke, premium ; R. Madi-
son, certificate.

Best Geliling, four years and over, eight entries, H. Nichols, premium ; Wm. A. Thomp-
son, certificate.

Best Gelding, three years and under four, two entries, Nutter, premium ; Lee Dills, cer-
tificate.

Best Gelding, two years and under three, two entries, L. Railey, premium ; H. Rowland,
certificate.

FAT BULLOCKS.

Two entries, Jerry Duncan, premium and certificate.

Fat Bullock, one year and under two, one entry, J. H. Gray, premium.

FAT SHEEP.

Frank Gray, premium.

The display was very fine, indeed. The cattle ring, I think, was never beaten. Among
the number I noticed the Heifer bought of Alexander, costing $510.

THIRD DAY.

LIVE STOCK— BLOODED STALLIONS.

Best Stallion, four years old and over, H. Benton, of Bourbon, premium ; Gen. Desha, cer-
tificate.

B'-st Stallion, three years old and under four, Joe Downing, premium.
Best Stallion, one year old and under two, Thos. Lewis, premium.
Best Colt, John T. Redman, of Clarke, premium.

BROOD MARES.

Mare, four years and under, five entries, J. Thomas, premiam ; L. Cunningham, certificate.
M ire, three years old and under four, John H. Dills, of Woodford, premium.
Mare, two years and under three, E. Hamilton, premium.
Mare Colt, James Thomas, premium ; H. Benton, certificate.

DRAFT HORSES.

Three years old and over, Geo. L. Chiles, premium ; Isaac Kellar, certificate.
Draft Horse, two years and under three, John Redman, premium.
Draft Horse, one year and under two, F. Gray, premium.
Draft Colts, H. Williams, premium ; Milt Rankin, certificate.

DRAFT MARES,

Draft Mares, three years and over, nine entries, J. W. Kimbrough, premium ; George L.
Chiles, certificate.

Dralt Mares, two years and under three. Ed. Taylor, premium-
Draft Mares, one year and under two, George L. Chiles, premium.
Draft Colt, J. H. Gray, premium ; J. W. McKee, certificate.

GELDINGS.

Gelding, any age, M. L. Broadwell, premium ; W. S. Haviland, certificate.

MULES AND JACKS.

Best Horse Mule, two years and over, L. Railey, premium ; Alexander McClintock, cer-
tificate.

Best Horse Mule, one year and under two, Sam Muir, premium; James McKimbrough, cer-
tificate.

Best Horse Colt, Thomas McFarland, premium ; A. Wilson, certificate.

Best Mare Mule, two years and over, five entries, Tazwell Marr, premium ; Sam. Muir,
certificate.

Best Mare Mule, one year and under two, four entries, S. Muir, premium; H. Nichols, cer-
tificate.

Best Mare Colt, nine entries, Wm. Hedges, premium ; S. W. & B. F.Collins, certificate.

Best Jack, three years and over, Thomas Miller, premium ; Thomas Lewis, certificate.

Best Jack, two years and under three, H. Lee, premium ; James Miiler, certificate.

Best Jack, one year and under two, L. Whaley, premium , Ed Burgess, certificate.

Best Colt, J. M*. Miller, premium ; S. W. & B. F. Collins, certificate.

Best Jennet, three years and over, J. H. Cooper, premium ; Dan Talbot, certificate.

Best Jennet, two years and under three, G Burgess, premium.

Best Jennet, one year and under two, Jas. Miller, premium; J. T. Musselman, certificate-
Best Colt, James Miller, premium.

152 REPORT OF THE

FOURTH DAY.

LIVE STOCK — STALLIONS.

Best Stallion, in or out of harness, four years old and over, D. Alexander, premium ; Dave
Dills, certificate.

Best Stallion, three years old and under four, Wm. Nichols, premium; E. R. Smith, cer-
tificate. (Nichol's Cadet, by Horace Benton's Diomede).

Best Stallion, two years old aud under three, eigho entries, Sol. Low, premium ; (Menzicoff
by Victor, he by Old Messenger, northern stock, dam by Shakspeare, grand dam Thus. Mat-
son's Slacker ; two years old 15th last April ; taken fifteen premiums ; sold to Larrimore,
Rogers & Co., Madison county, for $3,000 ;) Zeb Ward, certificate.

Stallion, one year old and under two, ten entries, Wm. Cromwell, premium ; Jo. Falkner,
certificate,

Stallion Colt, eleven entries, Enoch Smith, premium ; Sol. Redman, certificate.

MARES.

Best Mare, four years old and over, seventeen entries, E. Smith premium; George Dill,
certificate.

Best Mare, three years old and under four, six entries, A. Roman, premium ; C. C. Nutter,
certificate.

Best Mare, two years old and under three, six entries, Alexander McClintock, premium ;
N. O. Moore, certificate.

Best Mare, one year and under two, four entries, R. Jamison, premium ; Jos. Ewalt, cer-
tificate.

Mare Colt, nineteen entries, F. G. Beach, premium ; S. Ammerman, certificate.

CARRIAGE HORSES.

Best pair Carriage Horses in harness, Dr. Desha, Lexington, premium.
Best pair Buggy Horses in harness, Jos. Downing, Lexington, premium.
Best pair Mares, A. D. Young, premium.

GELDINGS FOR HARNESS.

Geldings for harness, in harness, be3t four years old and over, M. T. Broadwell, premium ;
Zeb Ward, certificate.

Geldings, three years and under four, James Miller, premium ; H. Nichols, certificate.
Geldings, two years old and under three, R. Nutter, premium ; James Miller, certificate.

STALLIONS FOR SADDLE.

Stallions, four years old and over, seven entries, E. P. Gaines, premium ; Downing & Alex-
ander, certificate.

Stallion, three years old and under four, John Thompson, premium ; William Nichols, cer-
tificate.

Stallion, two years old and under three, Sol. Low, premium ; E. P. Gains, certificate.

Mare, four years old and over, nineteen entries, Sol. Redman, premium ; Euoch Smith, cer-
tificate.

Mare, three years old and under four, five entries, C. C. Nutter, premium ; Geo. R. Dills,
certificate.

Mare, two years old and under three, Alexander McClintock, premium ; T. W. Lewis, cer-
tificate.

GELDINGS FOR ALL WORK.

Gelding, four years old and over, thirteen entries, H. Nichols, premium ; Jos. Desha, cer-
tificate.

Gelding, three years old and under four, James Miller, premium ; H. Nichols, certificate.

Best rider on pony, boy under thirteen years, first premium, Master John Metz, of Coving-
ton, Ky.; second premium, Charley Railey, of Woodford county.

STATE AGRICULTURAL S0CIET5T. 153

KENTON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
The subjoined report has been received from the officers of this So-
ciety. It is certainly exerting a salutary influence upon the country
in which it is located.

The Kentou County Agricultural Societv, chartered 1855, situated on the Banklick Turn-
pike, ten miles from Covington, and one mile from Independence.

Improvkments. Fifteen atres ot land enclosed with a board fence, [rnirbithf'ntre 220 feet
in diameter, 10 tier of seats, covered in with shingle roof; Judges stand, with suitable offices,
booths, &c ; cottage two stories, with ell, containing six rooms, with hall, porches, &c-, fur-
nished in good style; 100 stalls for stock, with hog and sheep pens and bui dings for grain;
also, well and cisterns supplying a sufficiency of water; cost of ground and improvements,
$10,000.

First Fair held September 1855, commencing the 23d and continuing five days, with a jrood
display of stock, agricultural and mechanical impleinemenis; proceeds of Fair $1,882 87.

Officers. R. L. Bristol, President; L. Hand, T. A. Wilson, John Ellis, T. T. Mann,
W. Wilson, James Eubanks, Directors; William Brown, Treasurer; L. Shaw, Corresponding
Secretary; W. W. Wilson, Recording Secretary.

KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION, AT LEX-
INGTON.

This is one of the oldest and most influential Societies in the State.

It is under the best management, and its President is one of the most

experienced and public spirited in the State, and he deserves many

thanks from the community for his long and useful services. The

subjoined Report from, and other proceedings for 1856, will be read

with much interest, and will be a valuable record.

Office Ky. Agricultural and Mechanical Association, Lexington, Jan. 17, 1857.
Mr. R. W. Scott,

Corresponding Secretary Kentucky State Agricultural Society:

Dear Sir — In compliance with the request of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, the
Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association submits the following report:

The .Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association was organized on the 13th day of
April, 1850, and its charter was obtained in 1851. The first Fair was held on the second
Tuesday in September, 1850, and a Fair has been held on the same day in each year
since.

The first purchase of twenty-five acres of land in the suburbs of the city of Lexington was
made in 1850 by the Maxwell Spring Company, at a cost of $5,000, which was raised by 200
members of that Society, who subscribed $30 each. This Association has since purchased
thirty three shares of the Maxwell Spring stock, and expects to own the entire stock. The
other shares are held by individuals.

By an agreement between these two companies, the Kentucky Agricultural and Mechani-
cal Association has the use of the grounds owned by the Maxwell Spring Company, and pays
six per cent, interest on its stock. This Association owns twenty seven acres of land adjoin-
ing that owned by the Mixwell Spring Company, and the whole fifty two acres are inclosed
■with a high plank fence, and the following improvements are made thereon: A large and
handsome amphitheatre, 810 feet in circumference, with a shingle roof over the seats and of-
fices, a beautiful gothic cottage for the accommodation of the ladies, one hundred and fifty
Stables belonging to the Association, besides many others which have been built by individ-
uals, and also several houses for the aecommsdation of grooms. On a part of the land pur-

154

REPORT OF THE

chased by this Association, there is a comfortable dwelling house and out buildings. The re
is a spring, a well, and a running stream which affords an ample supply of water. The grounds
are ornamented with majesti.c forest trees

The Association has expended, up to this time:

In Improvements, ---. -- $18,962

In Real Estate, - - H,616

In Premiums, ------------- 8,315

Iu Incidental Expenses, ----- 5,828

Total of Expenditures, - $44,741

The following table shows the number of stock of various kinds which have been exhibited
since the Association was organized:

Years.

Blooded
Horses.

Breeding
Cattle.

Harness,
orSaddle
Horses.

Fat Cat
tie.

Yoke

of
Oxen.

Hogs.

Sheep.

Draft
Horses

Jacks

and

J diets

Mules.

1850

6')

159

1851

237

1852

212

1853

190

1854

131

252

1855

131

214

1856

119

296

Total,

203

577

1,569

170

332

349

242

272

184

The members of the Association are composed of individuals of the counties of Fayette,
Woodford, Jessamine, Clarke, Scott, Madison, Franklin, Montgomery, Boyle, Mercer, and
some few persons from other counties.

The officers of the Association are as follows: Benjamin Gratz, President; G. D. Hunt,
Vice President; Eben Milton, Secretary ; A. Lawell, Treasurer; R. A. Alexander, of Wood-
ford, J. F. Payne, of Scott, W. R. Duncan, of Clarke, J. C. Williams, of Jessamine, A.
Vanmeter, Edward Oldham, Joel Higgins, W. R. Estill, John Allen, and James Foley, of
Fayette, Directors. All of which is respectfully submitted.

BENJ. GRATZ, President.

Eben Milton, Secretary.

From the Western Farm Journal, September 15.
KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

The seventh annual exhibition of the Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association
was held at the Fair Grounds near Lexington the past week, commencing on Tuesday, the
9th instant, and continuing four days. The first day was devoted to the exhibition of Do-
mestic Manufactures and Agricultural Productions, embracing fruits, flowers, poultry, dairy
products, etc; the second day to Cattle, Sheep, and Hogs; the third to Blooded and Di aft
Horses, Mules, Jennets, and Jacks; and the fourth to Harness, Carriage and Saddle
Stock.

The department of manufactures was well filled, attesting both the enterprise and skill of
the citizens of "Biue Grass." The exhibition of fruits, flowers, and vegetables, owing to the
exceedingly unfavorable character of the season, was, of course, deficient. The exhibition
of cattle, always good at the Fairs of the Lexington Association, was, on this occasion, the
best, taken altogether, that we have yet witnessed in Kentucky. Some of the rings were
small, but many of them were unusually large, and filled with animals that may be surpassed
hereafter, but certainly have not been heretofore.

The attendance was large, on the third and fourth day completely filling the spacious am-
phitheatre; and among the visitors were many persons from contiguous Western States, and

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 155

some from Hie E;ist. The scence presented within the grounds of the ample inclosure, on the
morning of the exhibition of blooded stock, when a thousand carriages were at one time
drawn up in lines and squares, at once attested the wealth of the population of this part of
Kentucky, and the very general interest felt by the people in their annual Fairs.

Dining upon the green, always an object at the Lexington Fair Grounds worthy the pencil
of the best of rural painters, was this year even more general and noteworthy than usual.
This is one of the most characteristic features of the annual "Harvest Home" of the blue
grass region, and also one of the most beautiful. The graces of social intercourse are here
mingled with the emotions of boundless hospitality, and heart speaks to heart in a manner
that cannot be otherwise than promotive of the highest and kindliest feelings of the human
heart.

The closing day is generally the day that proves most attractive — drawing to the Fair
Grounds alike the inmates of the most elegant mansion, and those of the humblest c ittage.
People love to hear of domestic manufactures, and of the prosperity of those who produce
them; they are fond of reading about blooded horses, and grow excited over the newspaper
column that records or describes their wonderful performances upon the turf; but the proud
steed that champs the bit in harness, and almost dazzles with his lustrous coat, or that moves
under the saddle with the winning softness of voluptuous music, and anon bears his rider
away with the swiftness of the winds, is what all wi?h to see for themselves; and h^-nce the
day upon which this class of stock is exhibited, is almost invariably the day that draws the
overtopping crowd. It was so on the present occasion, and truly has Kentucky cause to be
proud of her rural population.

Several rings of saddle and harness horses, of the different classes, were unusually
large, and some of them included the handsomest groups of animals that we have ever
seen.

The exhibition of Jack stock, on the third day, we think has never been equaled in Ken-
tucky. It excited universal admiration among Kentuckians, and no little astonishment
among guests from several of the Eastern States. The show of Sheep and Hogs was good,
as it always is at Lexington and Paris On the present occasion, we observed, there was a
more general division of premiums in the last class of animals than generally takes place.
The silver spoons didn't all go in one direction, this time!

The following are lists of the premiums awarded on each of the several days of the Fair,
with the number of articles and auimals entered.

FIRST DAY.

MANUFACTURES — 1. WOOL.

Fine Jean=, home made, two entries; T. J Grimes, pr-mium.

Fine Jeans, factory, two entries, T. J. Grimes, premium; diehard Loud, certificate.

Negro Jeans, three entries, Mrs. James Oldham, premium; Mrs. A. F. Dudley, certifi-
cate

White Linsey, two entries, T. J. Grimes, premium; Mrs. James Price, certificate.

Colored Linsey, four entries, T. J. Grimes, premium; Mrs. Walter Rhodes, certificate.

Plaid Linsey, home made, two entries, Mrs T. Calrues, premium.

Faciorv Linsey. one entry, Mrs. Isaac Cunningtam, premium.

Flannel, two entries, Thomas J. Grimes, premium; Mrs. James Price, certificate.

Hearth Rug, one entry, Mrs. P. HaHaud, premium.

Carpet, home made, three entries, Mrs. Mary Hughes, premium, Mrs. Sarah Nutall, cer-
tificate.

Pair Woolen Hose, three entries, Mrs. James Price, premium; Thomas J. Grimes, certifi-
cate.

Pair Half-hose, by a girl under 12, two entries, Miss Mary C. Hart, premium; Miss Sarah
P. Moore, certificate.

Pair of Blankets, three entries, Mrs. A. Dudley, premium; Mrs. James Price, certifi-
cate.

Bed Spread, one entry, Thomas J. Grimes, premium.

Pair Cotton Hose, home made, one eutry, Thomas J. Gtimes, premium.

lOO REPORT OF THE

2. SILK.

Sewing;, four ounces, two entries, T. J. Grimes, premium.
Silk Hose, home-made, one entry, Thorns J. Grimes, premium.

Silk Embroidery, five entries, Mrs. F. S. Wood, premium; Mrs. T. H. Moore, certifi
cate.

Silk Handkerchiefs, one entry, T. J. Grimes, premium.

3. ARTICLES OF WOOL, COTTON, AC.

Jeans Coat, cut, made, and pressed by a lady, two entries, Mrs. James Price, premium and
certificate.

Linen Shirt, two entries, Bettie Buskott, premium; Mrs R. W. Scott, certificate.

Linen and Cotton Shirt, made by a girl, two entries, Miss Mary D. Yantis, premium.

Full suit of Gent's Clothes, made by a tailor, one entry, J. H. Wirts, premium.

Woolen Shawl, one entrv, Mrs. James Price, premium.

Fly Brush, one entry, Mrs Cleveland, piemiu'n.

Needle Rmbroiderv, woolen, four entries, Miss L. Shelby, premium.

Silk Quilt, patch work, four entries, Mrs. M. Murphy, premium; Mrs. J. Brenan, certifi-
cate.

Cotton Quilt, patch work, ten entries, Mrs. W. A. Pullin, premium.

Worsted Quilt, patch work, five entries, Mrs. J. Cloud, premium; Miss N. W. Laughlin,
certificate.

4. HEMP AND FLAX.

Cotton Bagging, one hundred yards, two entries, J. H. & C. C. Morgan, premium.
Linen Diaper, ten yards, one entry, Mrs. James Oldham, piemium.

ARTISTIC.

Ambrotypes, two entries, W. R. Phipps. premium; J C. Eirod, certificate.
Daguerreotypes, two entries, W. R. Phipps, premium; J. C. Eirod, certificate.
Photograph, one entrv, J. C. Eirod, premium.

Pictures made of Ornamental Leather, two entries, Miss S. Flood, premium; Miss Lizzie
Featherston, certificate.

CABINET AND CARPENTERS' WORK.

Wardrobe, one entry, Patterson &. Erd, premium.

Sofa and half dozen Chairs, two entries, Patterson & Erd, premium.

Piano, one entry, John Keunard, premium.

HATS.

Fur Hat, one entry, T. J. Adams, premium.
Silk Hat, one entry T. J. Adams, premium.

LEATHER.

Side of Sole Leather, two entries, P. E. Yeiser, premium; H. W. Reed, certificate.
Side of Upper Leather, two entries, H W. Reed, premium; P. E. Yeiser, certificate.
Side of Harness Leather, two entries, P. E Yeiser, premium; H W. Reed, certificate.
Side of Skirting Leather, two entries, P. E Yeiser, premium; H. W. Reed, certificate-
Haifa dozen of Calf Skins, one entry, H W. Reed, premium.
Half dozen Dag Skins, one entry, H. W. Reed, premium.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND USEFUL MACHINES.

Two Horse Plow for sod, two entries, T. C. Brinley, premium.

Two Horse Plow for stubble, three entries, J. J. Nichols, premium and certificate.

One Horse Plow, two entries, T. C. Brinley, premium.

Cultivator, two entries, T. C. Brinley. premium.

Wagon, lirge or small , three entries, Zeb. Ward, premium.

Hemp Brdker, one entry, W. Adams, premium.

Plantation Gate, one entry, J. C. Montague, premium.

Specimen for Horse Power, two entries, Owens, Lane & Dyer, premium.

Threshing Machine, two entries, Owens, Lane & Dyer, premium.

Porta nle Steam Engine, one entry, J. A. Humpreys. premium.

Corn Crusher, four entries. Little Giant, premium; W. R. Joyce, certificate.

Wheat Fan, one entry, McKim & Co., premium.

Clover Seed Mower, Thresher and Cleaner, one entry, Mr. Kail, premium.

SILVER AND OTHER WARE.

Specimen of Silver Ware, one entry, Levi Gardner, premium.

Specimens of Marble or Stoue Cutting, one entry, Mr. M. Pruden, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

GUNS.

Rifle, one entry, R. Higgins, piemium
Shot Gun, one entry, R. Higgins, premium.

CARRIAGES, BUGGIES AND HARNESS.

Carriage, three entries, H. F. Cromwell, premium and certificate.
Set of Double Harness, three entries, J. R. Lincoln, premium.
Buggy Harness, one entry, J. P. Tingle, premium.
Best Saddle and Bridle, one entry, J. P. Tingle, premium.

AGRICULTURE — 1. PRODUCTS OF THE FIELD.

Corn, best dozen ears for Bread, four entries, T. J Grimes, premium.
Best dozen ears for Stock, five entries, Thomas J. Grimes, premium.
Wheat, yield per acre, four entries, G. T. Fishback, premium.

Best specimen of one bushel, thirteen entries, Samuel Maddox, premium and certificate-
Oats, best specimen of one bushel, one entry, Thomas Muir, premium.

2. HEMP.
Hemp, dew Rotted, four entries, Ed. Allen, piemium and certificate.
Water Rotted, one entry, Captain A. Buford, premium and certificate.

3. TIMOTHY SEED.

Kentucky raised, two entries, Thomas Bryant, premium.

4. ORCHARD.

Apples, best display of good varieties, two entries, Joseph F. Frazier, premium; J. Foley,
certificate.

Peaches, one entry, Ed. Turner, premium and certificate.

Best variety, one entry, Ed. Turner, piemium and certificate.

Pears, one entry, B G. Bruce, premium.

Best variety, one entry, B. G Bruce, premium.

Quinces, three entries, W. A. Pullum, premium; Mrs. E. B, Colman, certificate.

Grapes, display of hardy varieties, one entry, James Foley, premium.

Grapes, grown under glass, one entry, Joel Higgins, premium.

Kentucky Wine, six. bottles, five entries, T. Smith, premium.

5. GARDEN.

Potatoes, hest display of varieties, three entries, S. Farra, premium,

Sweet oi Yam, six entries, J. W . Sullivan, premium.

Display of varieties, three entries, James Foley, certificate.

Tomatoes, six entries, J. McCraeken, piemium.

Cabbage, Drum Head, seven entries, James Foley, premium.

Flat Dutch, six entries, J. W. Sullivan, premium.

Turnips, table use, one entry, G. VV. Bosworth, premium.

Beets, table use, four entries, Dr. Chipley, premium.

Stock use, one entry, Dr. Chipley. premium.

Parsnips, four entries, James Foley, premium.

Carrots, for stock, five entries, Mrs. W. A. Dudley, premium.

Celery, two entries, John McCraeken, premium.

Salsify, three entries, James Foley, premium and certificate.

Onions, four entries, Dr. Chipley, premium.

Egg Plants, three entries, James Foley, premium.

Cantelopes, three entries, G. W. Bosworth, premium.

Water Melons, two entries, G. W. Bosworth, premium.

Best great variety of Vegetables, three entries, J. McCraeken, premium,.

FLOWERS.

Floral design, one entry, J. S. Wilson, premium.

Largest and handsomest display cut Flowers, one entry, J.S. Wilson, premium.

F. Dudley, certificate.

158 REPORT OF THE

DAIRY, ETC.

Beat Butter, six entries, Mrs. Ebon Milton, premium.

Best Cheese, three entries, Mrs. Dr. Hurst, premium; Mrs. J. B. Johnson, certificate.

Best Honec one entry, A. B. Bowman, premium.

Best Loaf Wheat Bread, nine entries, Mrs. Sam. Downing, premium; Miss Issa Desha, cer-
tificate.

Best Loaf Corn Bread, three entries, Mrs. W. N. Cromwell, premium ; Mrs. E. Curd, cer-
tificate.

Best barrel of Flour, three entries, A. B. Bowman, premium; F Montmollen, certificate.

Best Ham Cooked, four entries, Mrs. W. R. Estell, premium; Mrs. E. Curd, certificate.

Best assorted Confectionery, one entry, Miss Issa Desha, premium.

SECOND DAY.

LIVE STOCK — 1. BREEDING CATTLE.

Best Bull, four years old and upwirds, one entry, A. Vanmeter, premium.

Best Bull, three years old and under tour, three entries, R. A. Alexander, (Sirius,) premi-
um; R A. Alexander, (Elkahn,) certificate.

Best Bull, two years and under three, eight entries, Thomas Hughes, (Fansco,) premium;
J. S. McClelland, (Towuley,) certificate.

Best Bull, one year and under two, thirteen entries, J. B. Clay, (Royal Duke,) premium; W
D. Gay, (Coian,) certificate.

Best Bull, under one year, seventeen entries, Newton Craig, premium; B. C. Bedford, (Fill-
more,) certificate.

Best Cow, lour years old and upwards, eleven entries, R. A. Alexander, premium; Sol.
Vanmeter, certificate.

Best Cow, three years and under four, two entries, Jerry Duncan, premium: Ben Waifield,
Jr., cernticate.

Best Cow, two years and under three, six entries, R. A. Alexander, premium and certificate.

Best Cow, one year and under two, lourteen entries, C. S. Garrard, piemium; Dr. E. War-
field, certificate.

Best Cow, under one year, twenty five entries, R. A. Alexander, premium and certificate.

2. SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Bull, nine entries, R. A. Alexander, premium; J. B. Clay, certificate.

Best Cow, eleven entries, R. A. Alexander, premium, Dr. E. Waifield, certificate.

3. FAT CATTLE.

Best fat Rullock, three years old and upwards, lour entries, Isaac Shelby, Sr., premium; E
Turner, certificate.

Kree Martin Spayed Heifer or Cow, four years old, two entries, C. S. Garrard, premium;
Isaac Shelby, certificate.

Best fat Bullock, Free Martin Spayed Heifer or Cow, two years old and under three, five
entries, Ed. Turner, premium.

Best fat Bullock, three years and under four, W. Adams, certificate.

Fat Bullock, Free Martin or Spayed Heiier, two years and under three, L. Castleman, pro-
mium; W. R. Estell, ceititicate.

Best fat Bullock, one year and under two, four entries, W. R. Estell, premium; W. Carter,
certificate.

Best fat Bullock, under one year, five entries, R. A. Alexander, premium; E. R. Smith,
certificate.

Five best five fat Sheep, four entries, R. T. Dillard, premium; James Foley, certificate.

4. OXEN.

Best Yoke, three years old and upwards, ten entries, Jerry Delph, premium; John Allen,
certificate.

Best yoke under three years, one entry, Jerry Delph, premium.

5. SHEEP.
Long-wooled Cotswold, &c— Best Buck, three entries, Isaac Smith, premium; Luke Hop-
kins, certificate.

Best Ewe, eight entries, James Foley, premium and certificate.

Midd'e wool Southdown Buck, two entries, C. M. Foley, premium; J. B. Clay, certificate.

Mitidle-wool Southdown Ewe. eight entries, R. A. Alexander, premium ami ceriinuaie.

Fine wool Buck, five entries, E. C Garrard, premium; VV'a h Miller, certificate.

F.n-j-«ool Eive, two entries, Wash Miller, premium; E C. Bi\ ant, certificate.

Best pair Lambs, six entries, James Farm, premium; Luke Hopkins, ceititicate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 159

0. SWEEPSTAKKS.

Best Buck, seven entries, Isaac Smith, premium; J. W. Cromwell, certificate.
Best Lvve, six entries, James t'oley, premium ami certificate.

7. HUGS.

Boar, two years old and upwards, seven entries, Richard Allen, premium; S. H. Clay, cer-
tificate.

Boar, one year and under two, five entries, S. II. Clay, premium; J. W. Taylor, New York,
certificate

Bo.ir, sis months and under one year, six entries, S. II. Clay, premium and certificate.

Sow, two years old and upwards, nix entries, Dr. L. P. Taritou, premium; J. VV . 'Taylor,
New York, certificate.

Sov., one year and under two, five entries, S. H. Clay, premium; Richard Allen, certificate.

Pig, bix months and under one year, six entries, S. H. Clay, premium; Dr. L. P. Tailton,
certificate.

Pair rigs, under six months, nine entries, Richard Allen, premium; S. II. Clay, certificate.

Five lai tlofjs, two entries, James ruley, premium; W . R. Estell, certificate.

'1 he best )uUe of oxen, three years old, were sold to day to be shipped to New York, and
was the tiueot that were ever in the United States. 'They were raised by Mr. Delph.

THIRD DAY.

LIVE STOCK — I. BLOODED STALLIONS.

Four years old and upwards, five entries, R. A. Alexander, (Lexington,) premium; John M,
Clay, (Star Davis,) cei titicate.

Three years auu under lour, one entry, Cant. A. Buford, premium.

Two _\ ears and under three, six entries, F. G. Murphy, Nelson county, premium; G. W.
Johnson, certificate.

One }ear aud under two, four entries, J. H. Cooper, premium; Dr. E. Warfield, certificate.

Stud Colt, under one year, eight entries, Keeue Richards, premium; John Viley, certificate.

2. BLOODED BROOD MARES.

Four years and upward, eleven entries, T. H. Clay, (Victoria,) premium; J. C. Montague,
certificate.

'J In ee years and under (our, one entry, Dr. E. Warfield, (Clivia,) premium.

Two years and under three, five entries, Dr. E. Warfield, (Rescue,) premium; A. J. Reed,
certificate.

One year aud under two, twelve entries, Keene Richards, premium; R. A. Alexander, cer-
tificate.

Mare Colt, uuder one year, six entries, T. II. Clay, (Leila,) premium; Dr. E. Warfield, cer-
tificate.

3. DRAFT STALLIONS.

Three years and upwards, six entries, G. L. Chiles, premium; Thos. Steele, certificate.

4. MARES FOR DRAFT.

Three years old and upwards, fifteen entries, J. W. Kimbrough, premium; M. H. Parker,
certificate.

'Two \ ears and under three, one entry, E. W. Taylor, premium.
Best Dralt Gelding, ten entries, Jacob Hughes, premium.

5. MULES.

Horse Mule, two years old and upwards, three entries, L. Railey, 17 hands 2},< inches high,
premium; B. B Groom, 17 hands _'£% inches high, certificate.

horse Mule, one yea.- and under t-vvo, two entries, Chiles & Muir, premium.

Horse Mule Colt, three entries, John b\ Pay-tie, premium; G. A. Sprig, certificate.

Mate Mule, two years old and upwards, six entries, S. Muir, premium; R. M. Johnson, cer-
tificaie.

Mare Mule, one year and under two, five entries, Dora Veal, premium; John Thorn, cer-
tificate.

Mare Mule Colt, nine entries. J. II Cooper, premium; W. G. Hodges, certificate.

Pair broke Mules, tour entries, T. VV. Marr, premium; P. Craig, certificate.

6. JENNETS.

Four years old and upwards, four entries, J H. Cooper, premium; T. M. Burford, certificate.

Jem.et, three years and under lour, lour entries, H.Thompson, premium; S. J. Salher*, cer-
tificate.

Jennet, two years and uuder three, two entries, Jos. Graves, premium; H. S.Elgin, cer-
tificate.

160 REPORT OF THE

Jennet, one year and under two, four entries, Dudley Tribble, 14 hands 3 iaohes high, premi-
um; M. II. Parker. 14 hands % inch high, certificate.

Jennet, under one year, three entries, B. B. Groom, premium; T. J. Isles, certificate.

7. JACKS.

Four years old and upwards, eight entries, J. F. Payne, 15 hands }£ inch high, premium;
Lewis & Stelson, 15 hands 1)< 2 ' inches high, certificate.

Jacks, three years and under four, two entiies, N. P. Green, 15 hands 1 inch high, pre-
mium; Joseph Graves, 14 hands }4 inch high, certificate.

Jack, two years and under three, six entries, R. C. Boggs, 15 hands high,, premium; R. VV.
Lowry, 15 hands % inch high, certificate.

Jack, one year old and under two, four entries, Daniel Talbott, 14 hands 2}^ inches high,
premium; Robert Ray, 14 hands 3 inches high, certificate.

Jack, under one year, four entries, Joseph Hearne, 11 hands 3 inches high, premium; M.
H. Parker, thirteen hands \% inches high, certificate.

8. SWEEPSTAKES.

Premiums for all ages and kinds, including previous premiums, Jacks, fourteen entries, J.
F. Payne, premium; C. Lindsey & Co , certificate.

Jennets, six entries, D. Tiioble, premium; Joseph Graves, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

LIVE STOCK — 1. STALLIONS FOR HARNESS.

Four years old and upwards, five entries, Downing & Alexander, premium, (for Ed. For-
rest;) VV. Webster, certificate.

Three years and under four, five entries, Pat. Bolan, premium; E, R. Smith, certifi-
cate.

Two years and under three, four entries, Solomon Lowe, premium; Z. Ward, certifi-
cate.

One year and under two, twenty two entries, W. B. Cromwell, premium; James Henderson,
certificate.

Under one year, sixteen entries. E. R. Smith, premium; 0. Frazier, certificate.

2. MARES FOR HARNESS.

Four years old and upwards, fifteen entries, John H. Moore, premium; W. M. Dills, certifi-
cate.

Three years and under four, four entries, A. Romar, premium; C. Nutter, certifi-
cate.

Two and under three, nine entries, T. L. Coons, premium; M. S. Broadwell, certifi-
cate.

One and under two, ten entries, W. L. Allen, premium; W. D. Crockett, certificite

Under one year, twenty one entries, M. H. Parker, premium; J. H. Moore, certificate.

3. GELDINGS FOR HARNESS.

Four years and upwards, fifteen entries, Thomas Bowman, premium; R. S. Bullock, certifi-
cate.

Three years and under four, six entries, EI. Nichols, premium; R. P. Pepper, certifi-
cate.

Two years and under three, seven entries, R. Nutter, premium; C. C. Rogers, certifi-
cate.

4. CARRIAGE AND BUGGY HORSES.

Best pair of Carriage Horses, six entries, Dr. J. R. Desha, premium; J. K. Lincoln, certifi-
cate.

Best pair of Buggy Horses, five entries, T. F. Marr, premium; J. R. Ward, certifi-
cate.

Best pair of Buggy Mares, three entries, John R. Dunbar, premium; A.Cohen, certifi
cate.

5. STALLIONS FOR SADDLE.

Best stallion, four years old and upwards, three eurtries, Cromwell & Gaines, premium;
P. E. Todhutiter, certificate.

Best stallion, three years and under four, three entries, J. Mcllvain, premium; James Car-
lisle, certificate.

Best Stallion, two years and under three, six entries, Cromwell & Gaines, premium; W. F.
Rodes, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 1G1

6. MARES FOR SADDLE.

Best Mitre, four years old and upwards, eleven entries, Noah Ferguson, premium; S. Down-
ing, certificate.

Best Mare, three and under four, seven entries, P. & H. Hedges, premium; Sam. Muir,
cenificaie.

Best Mare, two and under three, five entries, T. W. Lewis, premium; Noah Ferguson, cer-
tificate.

7. GELDINGS FOR SADDLE.

Best Gelding, four years old and upwards, twenty seven entries, Robert Prewitt, premium;
E. U. Bryan, certificate.

Best Gelding, three years and under four, eleven entries, T. F. Marr, premium; R. S.
Cluke, certificate.

Best Gelding, two years and under three, one entry, Logan Railey, premium.

Best Gelding, oue year and under two, four entries, R. Nutter, premium; W. E. Scott, cer
tificate.

Best Pony, rode by boy under thirteen, ten entries, T. F. Marr, premium.

8. SWEEPSTAKES.

Premiums for all ages and kinds, including previous premiums — Stallions, eleven entries,
H. Benton, premium; Sol. Lowe, certificate.

Mares, twenty five eutries, Richard Downing, premium; J. H. Moore, certificate.

LOGAN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.
Robert Brovvder, President; George R. Bibb, Secretary. From an
article in the Western Farm Journal, it appears that this Society held
her third Fair near Russellville, in three days, beginning September
30, 1856. The account is as follows, together with the awards :

The third annua! Fair of the Logan County Agricultural and Mechanical Association was
held near Russellville, at the grounds of the Society, on September 30th, and October 1st and
2d. The attendance was large, and the exhibition very fine in nearly all departments. The
Russellville Herald, in publishing the premium list, savs :

"I he display of domestic articles on the first d ly was large and attractive, and creditable in
the highest degree to the skill and taste of the lady competitors for the premiums. One quilt,
though not as fine and showy as some others on exhibition, especially attracted our attention
It was ornamented, in needle work, with a skillful and ingenious view of the Fair Grounds,
ring, horses, people, carriages, &c. A more difficult and tasty piece of needle-work we have
never seen. Many other articles are deserving of special notice, but want of space forbids u9
that pleasure The displays of agricultural implements, horses, cattle, etc., were very good,
though perhaps not as large as last year."

The list of awards, complete, is published below :

FIRST DAY.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Superfine Jeans, two entries, Mrs. T. Offutt, premium; Mrs. R. H. Young, certificate.
Negro Jeans, one entry, Mrs. Wm. McCearley, premium.

Negro Linsev, three entries, Mrs. John P. Tullv, premium; Mrs. E. J. Carr, certificate.
Flannel, three entries, Mrs. G. VV. Ewiiisr, premium; Mrs. Win. McCearley, certificate.
Pair of Blankets, three entries. Mrs. B. K. Tully, premium; Mrs. R H. Young, certifi -ate.
Jeans Coat, two entries, Mis. J. B. Walton, premium; Mrs. Wm. M. Caldwell, certtfionte;
Pair of Pants, three entries, Mrs. J. Walton, premium; Mis. Wm. M. Caldwell, certificate.
Shirt, six entries. Mrs. Win. M. Caldwell, premium; Miss Viiginia Ivey, certificate.
Shirt made by a Girl under twelve years old, three entries, Miss Mary S. Young, premium;
Miss Harriet S.indifer, certificate.

Quilt, four entries, Mrs. D. Morton, premium; Mrs. R. G. H. Boyd, certificate.

162 REPORT OF THE

Quilt, plain patchwork, thirteen entries, Miss G. A. Barner, premium; Mrs. II. Clay Gillum,
certificate.

Woolen Coverlet, eight entries, Mrs G W. Ewing, premium; Mrs. R. II. Young, certificate.

Counterpane, nine entries, Mrs. G. H. Collins, premium; Mrs. J. C. Travis, ceititicate.

Woolen Carpet, one entry, Wm. MuCearley, premium.

Rag Carpet, three entries, Mrs.J'hn Barner, premium; Mrs. W. F, Gaines, certificate.

Flax Linen, two entries, Mrs. T. Offutt, premium and certificate.

Woolen Hose, five entries, Mrs. G. W. Ewing, premium; Mrs. B. T. Blewett, certificate.

Half Hose, by Girl under twelve years old, three entries, Miss F. S. Evans, premium; Miss
Mary Tully. certificate.

Silk Bonnet, three entries, Mrs. T. K. Foster, premium and certificate.

Fancy Dress Bonnet, three entries, Miss Virginia Ivey, premium; Mrs. James S. Fall, cer-
tificate.

Fine Linen, white or colored, two entries, Mrs. W. T. Evans, premium; Mrs. Wm McCear
ley, certificate.

Table Linen, one entry, Mrs. G. W. Ewing, premium.

Needle work, on Linen or Muslin, twelve entries, Mrs. J. B. Walton, premium and certifi-
cate.

Worsted Embroidery, eleven entries, Mrs. James S. Fall, premium; Miss Doss, 'certificate.

Embroidery on Silk or Velvet, seven entries, Mrs. T. K. Foster, premium; Mrs. Daniel
Morton, certificate.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Two-horse Stubble Plow, one entry, J. 13. Wills, premium.
Best Roller, for farm purposes, one entry, E O. Hawkins, premium.
Wheat Fan, one entry, Pumphy & Daggy, premium.
Large Wagon and Bed, one entry, T. Offuit, premium.

Two horse Wagon and Bed, two entries, Thomas & Miller, premium; Jacob Yost, certifi-
cate.
Carriage or Buggy Harness, one entry, Tate & Co , premium.

FOWLS.

Pair of Chickens, four entries, S.O. Rutherford, premium; J. B. Walton, certificate.

FRUIT.

Best display of Fruit, two entries, J. S. Downer, premium; W. B. Hughes, certificate.

VEGETABLES.

Barrel of Irish Potatoes, two entries, W. Taylor, premium; R. H. Young, certificate.

SECOND DAY.

HARNESS HORSES.

Best Harness Stallion three years old and upwards, four entries, Dr. David King, premium;
W. R- Smith, certificate.

Best Harness Brood Mare, three years and upwards, sixteen entries, J. W. Foster, premium;
Z. M. Beall, certificate.

Span of Harness Geldings or Mares, three entries, G. A. Harreld, premium; Joseph Offutt,
certificate.

Buggy Gelding or Mare, six entries, G. A. Harreld, premium; T. C. Cogghill, certificate.

SADDLE HORSES.

Saddle Stallion, three years old and upwards, five entries, Dr. David King, premium; W. R.
Covington, certificate.

Saddle or Harness Stallion, two years and under three, four entries, R. II. Younger, premi
um; C Gla->s, certificate.

•Saddle or Harness Stallion, one year and under two, fouricntries, Wm. Cushenberry, premi-
um; T. Stringer, certificate.

Saddle or Harness Stallion, under one year, six entries, Dr. N. Conn, premium; Henry Mil-
ler, certificate.

Saddle Mire, three years and upwards. Miles Kelly, premium; , certificate.

Saddle or Harness, mare two years and under three, six entries, S. O. Rutherford, premium;
McLean VlcClannahan, certificate.

Saddle or Harness Mare, one year and under two, five entries, Peter Shields, premium; A. J.
McLean, certificate.

Saddle Gelding or Mare, fifteen entries, Dr. Joseph B. Peyton, premium; T. J. Jeffries, cer-
tificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 163

BLOODED STOCK.

Blooded Stallion, three years and upwards, two emries, Wiley Taylor, premium; Miles Kel-
ly, certificate.

Blooded Stallion, two years and under three, one entry, Dr E. B. Edwards, premium.
Blood. d Stallion, one \ear and under two, one entry, Jacob Yost, premium.

Blooded Stud Colt, under one year old, three entries, Miles Kelly, premium; S. H. Gill, cer-
tificate.

Blooded Mare, three years and upwards, nine entries, W. Taylor, premium; Miles Kelly, cer-
tificate.

Blooded Mare, two years and under three, three entries, Wiley Taylor premium; Miles Kel-
ly, certificate.

Blooded Mare, one year and under two, eleven entries, W. Taylor, premium; , cer-
tificate.

Blooded Mare Colt, under one year, three entries, Miles Kelly, premium and certificate,

CATTLE.

Bull, three years old and upwards, two entries, Jackson Thurmand, premium, VVm. McCeap-
ley, certificate.

Bull, two years and under three, three entries, E. 0, Hawkins, premium; Dr David King,
cersificate.

Bull, one year and under two, three entries, K. C. Mason, premium; W. K. Smith, certiS-

t a

cate

ie.

Buli Calf, unde: one year, six ei tries, E. O. Hawkins, premium; G R. Bibb, certificate.
Cow, three years and upwards, 4 entries, G. R Biub, premium; E. O. Hawkins, certificate.
Cow, two years aud under three, two entries, Dr. G. R. Bibb, premium; Col. J. W. Maloue,
cei titicate.

Heifer, one year and under two, two entries, Chas. Asher, premium; T. Oifutt, certificate.
Heifer Calf, under one year, Dr. G. R. Bibb, premium and certificate.

HOGS.

Best Boar, two entries, Dr. David King, premium; H. M. Dudley, certificate.
Best pair of Pigs, one mouth and uuder, seven entries, G. VV. Gill, premium; H. M. Dudley s
certificate.

Best Sow, four entries, J. M. Beall, premium and certificate.

SHEEP.

Long Wool Ewe, two entries, B. K. Tully, premium and certificate.

Long Wool Buck Lamb, under one year, six entries, Dr. David King, premium; B. K. Tully,
certificate.

Short Wool Buck, three entries, R. Humphreys, premium; Chas. Asher, certificate.

Shoit Wool Ewe, three entries, Charles Asher, premium; Dr. David King, certificate.

Short Wool Buck Lamb, under one year, three entires, Charles Asher, premium; Dr. Davitl
King, certificate.

THIRD DAY.

DRAFT HORSES.

Best Draft Stallion, three years and upwards, seven entries, G. P. Ewing, premium; Thomp-
son King, certificate.

Best Draft Stallion, two years and under three, one entry, Z. M. Beall, premium^

Best Draft Stallion, one year and uuder two, three entries. Z. M. Beall, premium; Henry
Milieu, certificate.

Best Draft Colt, under one year, four entries, VV. L. Cornett, premium; John Finch, certifi-
cate.

Best Draft Mare, three years and upwards, fifteen entries, T. Offutt, premium; Dr. N. Conn,
certiticaie.

Best Draft Mare, two years and under three, two entries, T. King, premium; E. 0. Hawkins
certificate.

Best Draft Mare, one year and under two, five entries, James Steel, premium; Chas. Gillum
certificate.

Best DwiiX Mare Colt, under one year, six entries, M. B. Morton, premium; Charles Gillum
certificate.

MULE3, JACKS, AND JENNETS.

Best Mule, two years old and upwards, seven entries, E. J. Carr, premium; Wm. McCearlev,
certificate.

Best Mule Colt, under one year, 13 entries, Dr. N. Conn, premium; L. H. Ferguson, certifi-
cate.

Best Mule, of any age, fourteen; entries, L. H. Ferguson, premium; John Q. Hite, certifi-
cate,

164 REPORT OF THE

Best Jack, three years and upwards, six entries, G. P. Ewing, premium; A. M. McCIain,
certificate.

Best Jack, two years and under three, two entries, 13. K. Tully, premium; Isaac Hinkle, cer-
tificate.

Best Jack Colt, under one year, three entries, A. B Ray, premium, Miles Kelly, certificate.

Best Jennet, three years and upwards, three entries, J. VV. Ma one, premium; B. K. Tally,
certificate.

Best Jennet, two years and under three, three entries, B. F. Ray, premium and certificate.

Best Jennet, one year and under two, two entries, B. K. Tally, premium; B. F. Ray, certifi-
cate.

Best Jennet Colt under one year, one en k ,rv, Peter Stowner. premium.

Best sample of Tobacco, one entry. Coleman GUI, premium.

Best five bushels of Wheat, two entries, David King, premium; J. C. Travis, certificate.

Best Hedge, one fourth of a mile iu length, two entries, VV. B. Uughes, premium; George
II. Collins, certificate.

KENTUCKY MECHANICS' INSTITUTE,
Louisville, Kentucky.

A full Report of this popular and useful Society has been received
from the officers. The whole is comprised in a neatly printed pam-
phlet of 72 pages. It includes a Report of the Fourth Annual Exhib-
ition in Louisville, and also an excellent Address from Mr. R. T. Dur-
rett on that occasion.

We have only room in this Report. for the names of the officers, and
the Report of the Exhibition Committee to the Board of Directors of
the Institute, which are as follows, viz:

Officers. — George Ainslie, President; W. H. Dulaney, Vice Presi-
dent; Frank W. Vodges, Recording Secretary; J. D. O'Leary, Corres-
ponding Secretary; C. Theodore Vennigherholz. Treasurer; D. Mc-
Pherson, Actuary; George Brobston, W. H. Dix, A. P. Cochran, E.
Barbarous. John B. Daviess, R, Skene, J. O. Campbell, C. C. Hull, O.
Truman, and William Kaye, Directors.

REPORT OF EXHIBITION COMMITTEE.

To the Board of Directors of the Kentucky Mechanics' 1 Institute:
Gentlemen — The following is the Report of your Exhibition Committee:
About the first of July, a circular was issued, inviting contributions to the Exhibition, and

giving information as to the rules and regulations. It was distributed plentifully in the city,

and to every part of the country. The following is a copy:

Fourth Exhibition of the Kentucky Mechanics' Institute, to be held in Louisville in
'September and October, 1-nti — I he success which has crowned the exhibitions of this Insti-
tute, in what may be considered its chrysalis state, is not only evidence of the merit and prac-
tical utility of such Expositions of Industrial Pursuit* and the Fine Arts, but a sure guar-
antee of tiie bright lutuie that awaits the properly directed energies of the friends of this en-
terprise.

Louisville is at this time more fully imbued with the spirit of fostering and encouraging
Manufacturers and Mechanics than ever before in her history. The action of the Chamber
of Commerce, to make Louisville the Manchester of the West, has met with the sanction
and hearty co operation of all classes of our citizens. The Spirit of Progress is aroused.
The Manufacturer's, the Merchant's, the Mechanic's, and the Artist's motto now is — Onward.
From this new impulse, our Exhibition ol I H5H will derive great advantages To its well fill-
ed Hall all eves will be directed to uiaik the advance iu our uiiuiuiuetures, aud the increased

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 165

development of the sciences. The Committee therefore extern! a cordi tl invitation to all
Mechanic..*, Manufacturers, and Artists, ol' this and other States, to contribute such specimens
of lli'cir skill as may fai'rljF represent the .stare of the arts in this country I

We cannot toe) strongly urge upon ihe Ladies the increased interests of our Exhibitions s
when the products of their ti.»te and ingenuity embelli.-h our walls, and decorate our tables.
Everv facility will be afforded contributors to display their goods to advantage
A steam engine and shafting of Sufficient power, and a careful Superintendent have been,
provided, that working models of machinery may be exhibited in motion.

IVr.-ons, intending to exhibit, are requested to inform the Actuary, 1). McPherson, as to the
amount of space their articles will probably occupy-
All articles must be carefully packed and directed to the Kentucky Mechanics' Institute;,
care of Carter &, Jouetf, Louisville, Ky.

The annexed Regulations have been adopted for the government, of the Exhibition, and
will be strictly adhered to.

GEORGE A1NSLIE, )
W H DULvNEY > Committee

GEORGE BROBoTON, )
LouisvtLLE, July 1, 1856.

•
REGULATIONS.

1. The Exhibition EJall will be ready for the reception of sjoods on Tuesday, September
If tli, and opened lor the admi-siou of visitors on Tuesday, September '10th, at 7 P M.

2. No arricle deposited after Tuesday, September 311th, can be entered for competition or
premium, but will be received for exhibition only; except such as the Committee shall be sat-
isfied were dispatched from a distance in time to have reached the Exhibition Hall by that
day, but failed to arrive from unavoidable detention.

3. All articles entered lor competition must be of American manufacture, and can only be
entered in the name of the manufacturer or his agent, and must be appropriately designated
and labeled.

4. Depositors must, at the time of entry, furnish the Clerk with a written invoice of all ar-
ticles deposited by thein, stating explicitly what articles are entered for competition, and
what for exhibition onlv'; giving the name and address of the maker of all articles entered
for competition, signed by the depositor. A failure to furnish >n h statement at the time of
entry will exclude such articles from the examination of the Judges.

5. Apprentices and minors, who contribute articles of their own manufacture or inventions
shall specify their age and the time they have worked at their business.

6 No article can be removed from the Exhibition after having been recorded, without spe
cial permission of the Committee, to whom written application must tie made.

7. Articles designed for exhibition only, will be admitted free of charge.

8. Judges of the respective classes or articles will be appointed previous to opening the
Exhibition; and from 8 to 10 each morning will be especially set apart for the examination of
articles; and no persons, except the Exhibition Committee, will tie admitted during those
hours, unless some explanation be desired by the Judges, when all competitors in the same
class will be notified to attend.

y. Proof, as to the origin of every article entered, must be furnished if required by the
Judges.

1(1. Gold, silver, and brorze Medals, and Diplomas will be awarded for such articles as the
Judges shall decide to be of superior merit, and Special Premiums will be awarded for the
most meritorious articles offered in the Exhibition.

1 1. Each depositor is entitled to a ticket admitting a specified person, if necessary, to take
charge of his goods.

12. All articles deposited will be at the risk of the owner.

13. 'Ihe Hall "ill be under the care of prudent ami careful men both night and day.

14 Opportunity will be offered to depositors, on the last night of the Exhibition, of dispos
ing of their articles at auction or otherwise.

Articles sent from a distance should be directed "Kentucky Mechanics' Institute, care of
Carter & Jouelt, Louisville, Ky."

To attract the attention of those likely to contribute, and to interest the people in it, the
Exhibition was advertised extensively in the various daily, tri weekly, and weekly papers of
the city, and in the Scientific American. As a further means of bringing it to the notice of
the people, frequent editorial notices were published; and the manufacturers, merchants, and
others of the city, notified personally by members of the B >ird and the Actuary.

It having become necessary, but a short time before the opening of the Exhibition, to re-
mo\e the building, measures were taken to do so. The present site, after a careful consider
ation of the locations in the market, was selected; and the Hall was taken down, removed,

166 BEPORT OF THE

find rebuilt a3 rapidly ns possible. It was ready for the reception of articles by the time ad-
vertised, wlien it was repaired and decorated, so as to make it convenient for exhibitors, and
comfortable and attractive for visitors.

The Exhibition was opened on Tuesday evening, September 30th, with an address by Wm.
Atwood, Esq., and was closed oil Wednesday evening, October 29th, with an address by R-
T. Durrett, Esq. The next evening, Thursday, October 30th, the Hail was again opened for
the disposal at auction of such articles as their owners wished sold, the receipts at the door to
be given to the poor. Including Thursday, the Exhibition was open just one month — twenty-
Beven nights, exclusive of Sundays.

Considering the many unfavorable circumstances — the removal of the building at such
short notice and so sreat an expense, the unusually low stage of the river, the bad weather,
&c — we consider the exhibition as very successful — exceeding our expectations. We think
the result proves that the Institute has advanced in public favor, and that its benefits are now
more generally felt and appreciated than ever before.

The following is the financial statement:

EXHIBITION ACCOUNT.

DEBITS.

To removing exhibition building and extra work, $1,255 00

To roofing, 408 90

To whitewashing exhibition building, 95 00

To cotton for ceiling aud tables, £9 G6

To gas fixtures, - 71 00

To force pump, pipe and fittings, &c, and work on same, .... 6H 77

To putting up shafting, kc, - - - - 57 90

To setting boiler, 39 55

To carpenter's work on tables, &c, 36 52

To putting up hangings, &c., 27 00

To evergreens, and putting up same, 25 00

To putting up muslin for ceiling, - ...... gll 70

To moving and putting up chimney, - - 20 00

To painting and gazing, 14 97

To lumber, sash, &c, - - 42 42

To placing boiler and fountain, 10 00

To doorkeepers and police, - -■ 424 00

To Ticket seller, 78 00

To laborers, 62 20

To engineer, 47 50

To musicians, 21 I 70

To gas, 322 10

To coal, £3 50

To water, 42 00

To drayage, car hire, &c, .... 13 10

To printing and advertising, 222 50

To premiums, ------------- 203 21

To printing reports. 100 00

To donation to Relief and Employment Association, 100 00

To postage, - 9 00

To insurance on Inman's house, --------- 82 00

To insurance on exhibition building, 62 50

To sundries, 24 90

Total, S4,3b9 60

By cash at door, September 30th,

By cash at door, October I, -

By cash at door, October 2, ----- -

By cash at door, October 3, - - - - -

By cash at door, October 4,

By cash at door, Oc'.ober 6,

Amount carried forward, $554 25

$96

6t3

162

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Amount brought forward, $554 55

By cash at door, October 7, 146 50

By cash at door, October 8, 156 50

Bv cash at door, October 9, 153 25

By cash at door, October 10, 129 40

By cash at door, October II, Ill 35

By cash at door, October 13, (not open at night) - -

Bv cash at door, October 14, 135 75

By casli at door, October 15, 212 15

Bv cash at door, October 16, - - 114 65

By cash at door, October 17, 37-2 55

By cash at door, October 18, 159 40

By cash at door, October 20, - 163 65

By cash at door, October 21, 166 75

By cash at door, October 22, 150 00

By cash at door, October 23, 136 65

By cash at door, October 24, 88 50

By cash at door, October 25, 80 25

B V cash at door, October 27, 43 80

By cash at door, October 2^, - 41 50

By cash at door, October 29, 101 75

By cash at door, October 30, 132 25

$3,349 85

By season tickets— 82, 246 00

By minors' season tickets — 133, 133 00

By rent of refreshment saloon, 156 00

By sale of tickets at Hotels, 54 50

By commissions at auction sale, - ...... 15 90

Total cash receipts, $3,955 25

By amount cotton, force pump, pipe, lumber, sash, gold medals, &c, charge-
able to stock account, 245 85

Making, $4,201 10

Difference (short), 168 50

$4,369 60

Owing to the removal of the building at such short notice, exhibitors were rather later than
usual in sending their contributions to the Hall, thinking, probably, that the building would
not be ready so soon as advertised; but it gives us pleasure to state, that, in a short time, the
Hall became very well filled — towards the close rather crowded — and that, too, with articles
principally of home manufacture. We think there was a larger proportion of articles made
here than in any former year.

We conclude with the hope that these exhibitions will steadily and rapidly increase in inter-
est and utility, which will assuredly result from aright appreciation of them by the community"

GEORGE AINSLIE,
W. H. DULANEY,
GEO. BROB3TON,

Exhibition Com.
D. McPherson, Sec'y Exhibition Committee.

J C8 REPORT OF THE

NELSON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION.
The following Report of the first Fair of this Society is extracted
from the Western Farm Journal — no Report having been made :

The first annual Fair of this Society was held near Bardstown. We were not able to grati-
fy the desire which we had-to attend it, and have neither received nor observed in our ex-
changes any account of its proceedings. The Bardstown Gazette, of the 5ih inst , published
the list of awards without comment. This we copy. The fair may have been properly no-
ticed in a previous issue of that paper, which failed to reach us. We trust it was; for our
local Agricultural and Mechanical Associations ought to receive the especial attention of the
local press.

FIRST DAY.

MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, Mrs. lverson Bryant, premium and certificate.

Negro Jeans, Mrs. T S. Speed, premium; Mrs.S. C. Bealmear, certificate.

Rag Carpet, Mrs. T. S. Speed, premium; Mrs. J. H. Thomas, certificate.

Silk Quilt, Mrs. Wm Murphy, premium; Mrs. S. M. Murphy, certificate.

Woolen Quilt, Mrs. W. Thompson, premium; Mrs. Josephine McKay, certificate.

Cotton Quilt, Mrs. S. R. Womack, premium; Mrs. Wm. Thompson, certificate.

JSmbi'oldery, Miss C. Coolidge, premium; Miss Lizzie Johnson, certificate.

Flax Linen, Mrs. Miles, premium.

Tow Linen, Mis Miles, premium.

Woolen Hose, Mrs. S. C. Bealmear, premium.

Woolen Half Hose, Mrs S. G. Adams, premium.

Centre Table, E B. Russell, premium.

White Counterpane, Mrs. C. A. VVicklitfe, premium; Miss Polly Ball, certificate.

AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY.

Two horse Plow, R. G. Foster, premium; J. H. Lilly, certificate.
One horse Plow y R. G. Foster, premium.

POULTRY.

Turkeys. Mrs Wm. Johnson, premium and certificate.

Ducks, Mrs. Wm Johnson, premium and certificate.

Large Chickens, Mrs. Wm. Johnson, premium; Mrs. S. G. Adams, certificate.

Game Chickens, I. G. Johnson, premium; Wm. Johnson, certificate.

Best display of Poultry, Mrs. Wm. Johnson, premium and certificate.

FIELD AND GARDEN PRODUCTS.

Wheat, lverson Bryant, premium.

Corn, for Bread. B E. Montgomery, premium; Tverson Bryant, certificate.
Corn, for Stock, E. E. Clark, premium; B. E. Montgomery, certificate.
Orchard Grass Seed, B. E. Montgomery, premium; Wm. Johnson, certificate.
•Irish Potatoes, Wm. Hill, premium, Wm. Johnson, certificate.
Hour, Lewis & Murphy, premium.
Corn Meal, lverson Bryant, premium.
Vegetables, Mrs. Wm. Johnson, premium.

DAIRY.

Butter, Miss Sallie Murphy, premium; Mrs. Thomas S. Speed, certificate.
Cheese, Mrs. W. L, Caldwell, premium; Mrs. H. Nichols, certificate.

PANTRY.

Boiled Ham, Mrs. F. G. Murphy, premium; Mrs. Wm. Johnson, certificate.
Loaf Wheat Bread, Mrs F. F. Murphy, premium; Mrs. Wm Powell, certificate.
Kentucky Wine, Dr. G. W. Foreman, premium; lverson Bryant, certificate.

SECOND DAY.

CATTLE.

Bull, four years old and over, Milton Rogers, premium; Charles Dawson, certificate.
Bull, three years old, N. G. Thomas, premium; Wakefield & Bascom, certificate.
Bull, two years old, E. L. Davison, premium; Joshua Gore, certificate.
Bull, one year old. John Bush, premium.
. Bull, under one year, J. Bowman, premium; N. B. McClasky, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTDRAL SOCIETY. J Ub>

Cow, under four jrfars old, J. B Guthrie, premium; W. II. Jones, certificate.

Cow, two years old, E. L. Davison, premium

Cow, one year old, M Rogers, premium; N. G Thomas, certificate.

Cow, under one year old, Mil'.on Rogers, premium; VV. II. Joins, certificate.

Fat Ca'tle, Isaac D. Stone, premium; B E Montgomery, certificate.

Oxen, VV. 0. McMakin, premium; I. D. Stone, certificate.

SHEEP.

Buck, Long Wool, J. McClasky, Jr., premium; James M Bishop, certificate.
Ewe, Long Wool, Chas. Dawson, premium; John Thomas, cerdfi/'tite.
Buck, Southdown, Jo Miller, premium and certificate.
Ewe, Southdown, Jo. Miller, premium; Joseph McClasky, certificate.

HOGS.

Bonr, over one year old, W. 0. McMakin, premium; James M. Brown, certificate.

Sow, ov p r one year old, A. K. C >x. premium; Thomas S. Speed, certificate.

Boar, between six and twelve months old, W. Johnson, premium and certificate.

Sow, between six and twelve months old, II. Nichols, premium; J M. Bishop, certifi-
cate.

Pair of Pigs, under six months old, L. McKay, Jr., premium; J. M. Bishop, certifi-
cate.

Fatted Hogs, William Johnson, premium.

BLOODED STALLIONS.

Stallion, four years old and over, H. Bernard, premium; Dr. James Bascom, certifi-
cate.

Stallion, three years old, James M. Bishop, premium; Edward Thompson, ceitifi-
cate.

Stallion, two years old. T. J. Ewiiig, premium; Elias Dorsey. certificate.

Stallion, one year old, Peyton McMakin, premium; Edward Bennett, certificate.

Stallion, under one year old, J. H. Parrott, premium; Jonathan Brown, certificate.

BLOODED MAKES.

Mare, four years and over, Jonathan Brown, premium; Patrick Bowimn, certificate.
Mare, three vears old, James VV. French, premium; M. Rogers, ceitificate.
Mare, two years old. Jesse Stone, premium; John E Clements, certificate.
Mare, one year old, VV. St Clair, premium; J. II. Waki field, certificate.
Mare, under one year old, Milton Rogers, premium; Samuel Gruudy, certificate.

SADDLE HORSES.

Gelding, II. C. Duncan, premium; S. P Sharp, certificate.
Mare, Logan Railev, premium; M R. Yewell, ceitificate.
Gelding or Mare, three years old, Peter J. Bailey, premium, S. B. Lewis, certificate.

THIRD DAY.

DRAFT HORSES.

Draft Stallion, R. M. Park, premium; A. Johnson, certificate.
Draft Mare, James Heath, premium; James R. Hughes, certificate.

PRkMIUM GIVEN BV D M . KF.LLF.Y & CO.

Horse Colt, by Gilbert, Mrs. .1. Coleman, premium; Mrs. Tyler Wilson, certificate.
Mare Colt, by Gilbert, Mrs. Doom, premium; Samuel Wiseheart, certificate.

THOROUGH BRED STALLIONS.

Four years old and over, J. R. Hughes &, Co., premium; Hunter & Murphy, certifi
cate.

Three years old, J. R Hughes, premium.
Twoyearsold, Hunter &, Murphy, premium.
One year old, Hunter &, Murphy, premium.

THOROUGH!! BRED MARKS.

Four years old and over, Hunter & Murphy, premium and certificate.
Three years old, Hunter & Murphy, premium.

STALLIONS FOR ALL WORK.

Four years old and over, M R. Henry, premium; Benjamin Stallard, certificate.

Three years old. Edward Thompson premium.

Two years old, F R. Gwynn. premiuiu; E ias Dorsey, certificate.

One year old, Edwaro Bennett, premiuiu ; Elias Dorsey, ceitificate

Uuder one year old, Jonathan Brown, premium; James Miuor, certificate.

170 REPORT OP THE

MARES FOR ALL WORK.

Four years old and over, Wilson Green, premium; Eli is Dorsey, certificate.
Three years old, Peyton McMakin, premium ; Milton Rogers, certificate.
Two years old. Elias Dorsey, premium; John E. Clements, certificate.
One year old, J. H. Wak 1 field, premium; Elias Dorsey, certificate.
Under one year old, S. Grundy, premium; J. S. Barlow, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Stallions of all ages. Mason R. Henry, premium.

Mares of all ages, Elias Dorsey, premium.

Draft Geldings, David N. Heath, premium; Electius Adams, certificate.

Fastest Pacer, S. B. Lewis, premium; Samuel Lancaster, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

JACKS.

Four years old and over, Brown & Davison, premium; W. H. Jones, certificate.
Three years old, Jonathan Davis, premium; F. G Mmphy, certificate.
Two years old. W. L. Tarkington, premium, F. G. Murphy, certificate.
One year old, Thurman & Holderman. premium; VV. H. Jones certificate.
Under one year old, S. C. Brown, premium; L Malone, certificate.

JENNETS.

Four years old and over, W. L. Tarkington, premium; Joseph Spalding, certificate.
Three years old, Joseph Spalding premium; N B. MeOlaskv. certificate.
Two years old, N. VV Howell, premium; VV. Hughes, certificate.
One year old, W. L. Tarkington; premium; N. VV. Howell, certificate.
Under one year old, VV. L. Tarkington, premium; S. C. Brown, certificate.

mui.es.
Horse Mule, two years old and over, Logan Railey, premium; John A. Mackey, certifi-
cate.

One year old, S. P. Burton, premium.

Mare Mule, two years old and over, J. M. McCIasky, Jr., premium and certificate.

One year old, D. N. Heath, premium and certificate.

Under one year old, Samuel Grundy, premium and certificate.

Pair of Mules in Harness, E. L. Davison, premium ;*Btii. Chapeze, certificate.

HARNESS AND SADDLE HORSES.

Stallion in Harness, Elias Dorsev, premium; Peter J. Railey, certificate.

Stallion under the saddle, S. R Womack, premium; Janv j s J. Vannort, certificate.

Pair Geldings in Harness, John Raine, premium; C A. VVickliffe, certificate.

Pair Mares in Harness. Levi J. Smith, premium and certificate.

Buggy Horse, David N. Heath, premium; J K. Lincoln, certificate.

Buggy Mare, Elias Dorsey, premium; Isaac G. Johnson, certificate.

Gelding, three years old, J. Minor, premium; Elias Dorsey, certificate.

Mare, theee years old and under, in harness, Peter J. Railey, premium; S. R. Womack,
certificate.

Fastest under the saddle, Thompson & Co., premium; T. R. Graves, certificate.

Fastest Trotting Horse in harness, D. N. Heath, premium and certificate.

Fastest Trotting Mare in harness, I. G. Johnson, premium; Albert Tichenor, certifi-
cate.

NORTH KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

This is a new and spirited Society, located near Florence, made up

chiefly by Boone and Kenton counties. The following report for 1856,

has been received from the officers:

The North Kentucky Agricultural Society was organized in April, 1855, by adopting a
Constitution and electing a Board of Officers. Four thousand five huudred dollars were sub-
scribed and paid in, in shares of $25 each.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 171

The Company then selected a beautilul and convenient location, on the line of Boone and
Kenton counties, near Florence, on the Covington and Lexington Turnpike, eight miles from
Covington.

The Company are indebted to the liberality of Mr. John Barton for a lease, free of charge,
to the grounds they occupy as Fair Grounds.

The first Fair was held in October of that year, and succeeded well. A premium list of a
thousand dollars was paid, and the board declared a dividend of 40 per cent. i:i stock.

The Legislature of 1855-6, granted them a liberal charter, with a capital stock of $10,000,
with the privilege of increasing it to .$25,000.

For the exhibition of 1856, the society offered a premium list of $1 ,500, and the Fair equal-
ed the expectations of its warmest friends in every respect. The board was enabled to paj
all expenses of the exhibition, and declare a dividend of 18 per cent.

The Capital Stock has been increased to about *9,0C0, all of which lias been expended in
improvements on the grounds.

The object of (he organization has been to stimulate and encourage all the various Agricul-
tural, Horticultural and Mechanical interests of this portion of the State, and its friends have
the satisfaction of seeing that their efforts are being successful.

Officers of the Society for 1857. — VV shington Watts, President; J. W. Leathers, Vice-
President; J L. Graves, Trea-urer; Wm. Bishop, Recording Secretary; W. M. Buckner, Cor-
responding Secretary ; J. J. Sweetman, B VV. Chamblin, EI. T. Buckner, Volncy Diekerson,
John Barton, J. C. Hughes, Albert Price, C. T. Allen, VV. A. Moxley, S. K Hays, Julius
Rouse, Leonard Stephens, Directors.

WM. BISHOP, Secretary.

February 28, 1857.

SOUTHWESTERN AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL, ASSOCIATION NEAR

LOUISVILLE.

This is one of the largest and most active associations in the State.*
Their Fair grounds are situated on the Railroad, a few miles from
Louisville, and contain all the appropriate buildings of the most sub-
stantial, capacious and elegant character. As no report has been
made, I can only add the names of the officers for 1856, and extract
from the Western Farm Journal the report of the awards, together with
some remarks by the editor of that paper.

Officers. — George Hancock, President ; Robert N. Miller, Gibson
Mallory and Lawrence Young, Vice Presidents ; Hugh Brent, Secre-

* A brief notice of this Society is cut from an old number of the Louisville Journal. The
meeting described was, mo^t probably, that at which the Society was first organized :

" At a meeting of the Southwestern Agricultural and Mechanical Association, held at the
Court House, on Saturday, July 2d, 1 853, Robert N. Miller, Est] . was called to the chair On
motion, the Association proceeded to the election of officers for the ensuing year, and the fol-
lowing gentlemen were unanimously elected, viz: George Haivock, President ; Gibson Mal-
lory, Vice President ; George Anderson, Recording Secretary; Wm. Short, Corresponding
Secretary ; l'h >m as Y. Brent, Treasurer ; J. C. Hull L L. Dorsey, Jr., Thomas Bohaunon,
Phillip Speed, E. L Huffman, James E B-iscoe. Arthur Peter, Joseph Hite. P S Birber, R.
J. Ormsby, Di lectors. On motion it was Resnloed, That the purchase of the grounds lor the
use of the Association be confi led to a committee composed of the President, Vice President,
and the Board of Directors, and that their action be binding on the Association. On motion,
the meeting adjourned. ROBERT N. MILLER, Chairman.

George Anderson, Secretary.

172 REPORT OF THE

tary ; R. J. Ormsby, Corresponding Secretary; Thos. Y. Brent, Treas-
urer ; Thos. S. Camp, P. D. Barbour, Dr. R. A. Bohanan, J. C. Hull,
E. Crutchfield, Jos. S. Hite, E. L. Huffman, George E. II. Gray, J. T.
Bates, and J. B. O'Bannon, Directors.

The fourth annual Fairof the Southwestern Agricultural and Mechanical Association, held
on the grounds of the Society near Louisville, October 14-1 8th, was very numerously at-
tended, and, as usual, gave great satisfaction. In cattle, sheep and hogs, the show was fair,
though inferior to the exhibition at the Horse Fair in the Spring, and in some articles of do-
mestic manufactures, dairy products and pantry products, perhaps superior to any show hith-
erto made upon the same grounds. The show of farm implements and agricultural machinery
was also good, but still far below what this department of our annual fairs ought to be. The
exhibition of fruits, vegetables and farm products was comparatively poor.

The covered amphitheatre erected by this Association, has been the model of all others yet
built in the State — and very properly so, for the judgment and skill that planned and executed
this work, appear to have supplied precisely what was wanted, so far as it goes. But perma-
nent halls are still needed, for the exhibition of articles the product of the field, orchard, gar-
den, dairy and pantry, and especially for articles of domestic or home manufacture, in order
that this, to many, the most interesting feature of our Fairs, need not necessarily open and
close upon one and the same day. So a hall should be erected, dry and capacious, if not per-
manent, in which farm implements may be displayed from the first to the last day of each
Fair, and in which motive power may be safely and commodiously stationed for operating
such agricultural machinery as may, at any time, be placed upon exhibition.

Beginning without any public appropriation of means, having a high price to pay for the
ground upon which it built, and being under the necessity of putting up costly structures, the
Association, though upon several occasions in straightened circumstances, has accomplished
much — more, indeed, than any supposed it could accomplish within so brief a period, at the
time of its commencement. Still, it has much yet to do, before the Fair Grounds will an-
swer, in every particular, the great purpose for which they were designed ; and now that it is
measurably free of debt, and is certain of a large annual revenue, it is to be hoped that no
unreasonable time may be suffered to elapse before a commencement may be made toward
supplying the existing deficiencies. The true policy of the Association, however, is first en-
tirely to get out of debt, and next carefully to keep out of debt, and after that to do whatever
is to be done, as rapidly and substantially as the means at command will permit.

Since the recent Fair, by the resignation of the President, Col. Geo. Hancock, the Associa-
tion has lost one who has hitherto been its master spirit and its guiding hand. But with many
remaining in the Directory who have fully seconded his spirited efforts from the first, and
with some there still who possess an energy and activity kindred to his, it will not be difficult
to find a successor who will seek to emulate his virtues and happily attain that end. We re-
cord (he resignation of Col. Hancock with sincere regret ; but he has for four year3 filled a
laborious and difficult station with self sacrificing devotion, as well as distinguished honor,
and had a right to ask to be relieved. With as sincere pleasure we publish the following tes-
timonial in his behalf, by those who have witnessed and shared in his untiring exertions:

" On motion of Mr. Young, the following resolution was adopted by the Directory, Octo-
ber 35th, 1856:

" Whereas, Private engagements have compelled the President of this Association to ten-
der his n'sii_ r nation, it is therelore unanimously

" Resolved, That our late President, Col. Geo. Hancock, receive the cordial thanks of thiss
Board, for Lhe able and impartial manner in which he has presided over our deliberations, and
for the untiring zeal he has always manifested for the success of the Association"

The following is the official report of the premiums awarded at the fourth Fair of the As-
sociation :

'■

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOOIETF-

FIRST DAY.

MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, home made, T. J. Grimes, premium.

Negro Jeans, home made, T.J Grimes, premium.

VVlnte Liusey, home m ide, V. J. Grimes, premium.

Plaid or Striped Limey, home made, P.. J. Grimes, premium.

White Flannel, home mtde, P. J. Grimes, premium.

Pair White Blankets, home mule, John U. dull, premium.

Pair Woolen Hose, Mrs. Mallory. premium.

Pair Woolen Malt' Hose, N. Arcerourn, premium.

Pith Cotton Hose, Mrs. John Herr, premium.

Pair Cotton Halt' Hose, Mrs S. Fielder, premium.

Counterpane or Bedspread, Wool or Cotton, Mrs. G Swartz, premium.

Counterpuie or Bed-pread, all Cotton, Thomas J. Grimes, premium.

Silk Quilt, patchwork, Mrs- Juda Marshall, first premium ; Mrs. Mary N. Gist, second pro
miu hi

Cotton Quilt, patchwork, Mrs. S. R. Womack, first premium ; Mrs George Swartz, second
premium.

Worsted Q lilt, patchwork, Mrs. T 0. Shickleford, first premium ; Mrs. Wro. Thompson,
second premium.

Linen Shirt, made by a Lady, Levi Birnhill, premium

Cotton Shirt, made by a Lady, Miss M. E Swartz, premium.

Worsted Embroidery, E. L. Stoll, premium.

Needlework. Miss J. Scudder, premium.

Close Carriage, two horse, Burr. Haiglu & Wheeler, premium.

Open Carriage, one horse. Z M. Sherley, premium: Keating & Johnson, certificate.

Best Buggy, McCreiglu, Euders & Goreh, premium and certificate.

Sett Double Harness, Uewitt & Miles, premium.

Sett Single Harness, Dewitt & Miles, premium.

ESSAYS.

Essay on Plowing and the Form, Structure and Draft of the Plow, Arthur Peter, premium.
Essay on the Farm House, Theodore Brown, first premium ; J. S. Seaton, second premium.

HOTEL PREMIUMS.

Butter, ten pounds, J. L. Smyser, first premium ; Mrs. Wm. Calloway, certificate ; John I.
Jacobs, first premium ; Mrs M. Dounine, first premium.
Five Hams, Mrs. G Mallory, premium ; Mrs W. C Bullitt, certificate.
Barrel of Flour, N O Wilson, premium ; E. O. Mebaff'ey, certificate.
Barrel of Meal. John Fible, premium ; A. D. Martin, certificate.
Barrel of Irish Potatoes, L. L. Dorsey, Jr., premium ; John B Burks, certificate.
Barrel of Sweet Potatoes, red or white, W. W. Young, premium ; J N. Fenly, certificate.
Barrel of Yarns, red or white, W. W. Young, premium ; Thos. S. Robards, certificate.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Thresher and Cleaner, horse power, Mnnn & Co., premium.

Thresher, horse power, Miller, Wingate & Co., premium ; Munn & Co , certificate.

Reaping Machine, horse power, H. B. Howard, (Manny's patent,) premium ; Miller, Win-
gate &. Co., certificate.

Mowing Machine, horsepower, H. B.Howard, (Manny's patent,) premium ; Miller, Win-
gate &. Co , certificate.

Mower and Reaper combined, horse power. H. B. Howard, ( Manny's patent,) premium;
Miller, Winuate &. Co., certificate.

Wheat Fan, J McKim. premium and certificate.

Coin Sheller, power, Miller, Wingate & Co., premium.

Corn Sheller, band, Miller, Wingate & Co., certificate.

Corn Cru-her, M. H. Brana, premium ; Miller. Wingate & Co-., certificate.

Cutting Box, horse power, Miller, Wingate & Co., premium

Cutting Box. hand, H. Trumbull, premium ; Miller, Wingate. &. Co., certificate.

Two Horse Wagon, John Fible, premium.

'1 hree Horse Plow, with ringing to work, T. E. C. Brinley, premium and certificate*

Five Horse Plow, W. W . Young, premium ; '1'. E. C Brinley, certificate.

Sod Plow, T. E. C. Brinley, premium ; J. S Gill, certificate.

One Horse Plow, T E C. Brinley, premium ; W. W. Young, certificate.

Harrow, Miller, Wingate &. Co , premium ; N. Miles, certificate.

Cultivator, Miller, Wingate & Co., premium ; T E. C. Bnuley, certificate.

174 REPORT OF THE

FIF.LD PRODUCTS.

Best conducted Experiment in Mann ring, Planting, and Cultivating a Corn Crop not less
thin one acre, rrgirdlessof yield, L. L. Dorsey, Jr , premium,: N . Miles, certificate.

Lu'_ r ' st yield of Corn, one acre or mure with abstract of mode of Planting and Culture, R.
$i. Barbour, premium.

Best ..•top of Irish Potatoes, one acre, with time of Planting and Culture, R. N. Barbour,
premium; L. L. Dorsev, certificate.

Largest yield Hemp, with abstract of Culture, one acre, John Ilerr, premium; L. L. Dorsey,
certificate.

Bushel of Wheat, by grower. Lewis Castleman, premium; A. Hopkins, certificate.

Bushel Bread Coin, by grower, John Ilerr, premium; W.. T. Hite, certificate.

Bushel Stock Corn, by Grower. N. Miles, premium; Dr. Boh union, certificate.

Bushel Timothy Seed. A. G. Mi.mi, premium; Miller Wingate& Co , certificate.

Bushel Clover Seed, Pitkm & Brother, premium

Bushel Orchard Gnss Seed, Miller Wingate & Co.. premium; A. G. Munn, certificate.

Bushel Hemp Seed, N. Arterburn, premium; J. C. Rudy, certificate.

Filly pounds Dewrotted Hemp. George Heir, premium.

Six Bottles South- Western Wine, with method of making, J. J. Railey, premium; Warrick
Miller, certificate.

TOBACCO.

Five boxes Kentucky Manufactured Tobacco, pounds, first class, Musselman & Co., pre-
mium; J. T Edmonds, certificate.

Five boxes Kentucky Manufactured Tobacco, fives, first class, J. T. Edmonds, premium;
Edward liolbrook, certificate.

Five boxes Kentucky Manufactured Tobacco, pounds, second class, Edward Holbrook, pre-
mium; II. Burge, certificate.

Five boxes Kentucky Manufactured Tobacco, fives, second class, J. T. Edmonds, premium;
Edward Holbrook. certificate.

Two drums Kentucky Manufactured Tobacco, six twist, Edward Holbrook, premium.

CIGARS.

Box of Cigars, J. J. Railey. premium and certificate.

Five itoxes Western Leaf and Western made, J J. Railey, premium.

Sample of Tobacco for Cigars, George Heir, premium.

DOMESTIC FOWLS.

Best pair Turkies, W. L Oldham, premium; George Herr, certificate.

Pair ol Poland Ducks, L. L Dorsev, Sr.. premium; N. Arterhurn, certificate.

Pair of Muscovy Ducks, J. VV. Cannon, premium; George Herr, certificate.

Pair Mojigrel Dinks, Mis. Lawrence Young, premium; E. W. Cannon, certificate.

Best display ol Ducks in variety, John Herr, premium.

Patrol' Shanghai Chickens, D L Gregory, premium; John Ilerr, certificate.

Pair of Dot king Chickens, John I. Jacob, premium; John Herr, certificate.

Pair of Bantam Chickens, John Herr, premium; Mis. E. H Jones, certificate.

Pair of Cochin China Chickens, J. T. Davis, premium; Mis. T. C. Mercer, certificate.

Pair of Br. una Pootra Chickens, John Ilerr, premium.

Display of Chickens in variety, John Heir, premium.

SECOND DAY.

IMPORTED CATTLE.

Bnil, three years old and upward, R. A. Alexander, premium.
Bull, two yeats and under three, 11. A. Alexander, premium.
Cow, three years o.d and upward, R. A. Alexander, premium.
Cow, two years and under three-, R. A. Alexander, premium.
Fat Bullock, four years and upward, James Calloway, premium.

Fat Bullock, three years and under four, James Calloway, premium; G. Mallory, certificate.
Fat Bullock, two years and under three, Isaac Shelby, premium

Fat Bullock, one year and under two, J C. Booker, premium; Isaac Shelby, Sr., certificate.
Free M irtin or Spayed Heifer, three years old and upward, Isaac Shelby. Sr.. premium.
Ayrshire Bull, three years and upward, J. VV. Goslee, premium; G E. H. Gray, certificate.
Ayrshire Cow, three years and upward, J. W. Goslee, premium; George E. 11. Gray, certifi-
cate.

SADDLE HORSES, STALLIONS.

Saddle Stallion, four years old and upward, S. R. W< m ick, prem'um; J. R. Moss, certifi-
cate.

baddle Stallion, three years and under four, John Mcl.rane, prem.um; Bryan & PeUieord,
certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 175

Saddle Stallion, two years and under three, Samuel Mcllvane, premium; George W. Moore,
certificate.

Saddle Stallion, one year and under two, J. L Moody, premium.

Saddle Scullion Colt, J. H Parrot, premium-; J- B. Dofspv, certificate.

Saddle Brood Mare, three years and upward, N. J. Smith, premium; J. M. Calloway, certifi-
cate.

Saddle Mare, two years and tinder three, David Ellis, premium; J M Todd, certificate.

Saddle Mire, one year and under two, Thomas Steele, premium; J. M. Calloway, certifi-
cate.

Saddle Mare Colt, J. L. Moody, premium; E. D. Jones, certificate.

LONG WOOLED SHEEP.

Long Wool Buck, two years and upward, E. D Jones, premium; Mobbs & O'Bannon, certifi
cate.

Long Wool Buck, one year and under two, Newton Blight, premium; J. W. Goslee, certifi-
cate.

Long Wool Ewe, two years and upward, S. T. Drane, premium; Luke Hopkins, certificate.

Long vVool Ewe, one year and under two, Luke Hopkins, premium; J. B Dorsey, certificate.

Pair Long Wool Lambs, William Hopkins, premium; J B. t orsey, certificate.

Five Breeding Ewes, Long Wool, Luke Hopkins, premium; N. Arterburii, certificate.

> MIDDLE WOOLED.

Middle Wool Buck, two years and upward, James Calloway, premium; Alfred Herr, cer-
tificate.

Middle Wool Buck, one year, J. O'Binnon, premium; P. S. Barber certificate.

Middle Wool Ewe, two years and upw ml P S. Barber, premium; Dr J Baker, certificate.

Middle Wool Ewe, one ye;tr old, P S. Birber, premium; James Calloway, certificate.

Pair Muldle Lambs, James Calloway, premium; Elias Dorsey, certificate.

Five Middle Wool Ewes, P. S. Barber, premium; James Calloway, certificate.

FINE WOOLED.

Fine Wool Ewe, two years and upward, Willi. un Armstrong, premium; James Calloway,
certificate.

Fine VVool Ewe, one year old, John Herr, premium; William Armstrong, certificate.
Pair Fine Wool Lambs, John Herr, premium: Wm. Armstrong, certificate.
Five Erne Wool Breeding Ewes, J. ilerr, premium.

FAT SHEEP.

Five Fat Sheep, Wm. Hopkins, premium; P. 5. Barber, certificate.

HOG3.

Boar, one year old and upward, Miles & Hays, premium; A. W. Hardin, certificate.

Boar, six months and under one year, S. H. Clay premium and certificate.

Sow, one year and upward, Samuel H. Clay, premium; David Ellis, certificate.

Sow, six mouths and under one year, S. H. Clay, premium and certificate.

Litter of Figs, J. S. Sea-tun, premium.

Pair of Pigs, rf. H. Clay, premium; John Herr, certificate.

Fittest Birrows or Spayed Sows, W D. S. Taylor, premium.

Largest and Heaviest Hog, J. S. Seaton, premium.

THIRD DAY.

CATTLE, NATIVE OR MIXED BREED.

Milch Cow, W. II. Perkins, premium; C. Arterburii, certificate.

Native Bdl, three years and upward, A. J. Viley, premium; P. S. Barhpr, certificate.

Native Bull two years ana under three, W . T. Hughes, premium; J. T. McClelland, certifi-
cate.

Native Bull, one year and under two, W. L. Waddy, prpmium.

Native Bull Calf, N. Craig, premium; B 11. Dale, certificate.

Native Cow, three years aud upward, J. T. McClelland, premium; Ben. Warfield, Jr., cer-
tificate.

Native Cow, two years and under three, J. II. Moore, premium; A. J. Viley, certificate.

Native Cow, one year and under two, rl A Alexander, premium aud ceitificate.

N aive Heifer Calf, 11. A Alexander, premium.

Yoke Oxen, two years and under three, Wm. Calloway, premium; J. II. Moore, certificate,

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Bull, three years and upward, R. A. Alexander, premium; P. S. Barher, certificate.
Best Bull, two years and under three, W. T. Hughes, premium; R. A. Alexander, certifi-
cate.

1 7 G REPORT OF TI1E

Best Cow, three years and upward, R A Alexmder, premium; Ben. Warfield, Jr , certifi -
cafe.

Best Cow, two years and under three, R \. Alexmder, premium; J. H. Moore, certificate.

DRAFT HORSES.

Draft Stallion, four year3 and upward, U. E. E.ving and A Hikes, premium; Thos. Steele,
certificate.

Draft Stallion, three years and under four, R B. English, premium; Samuel Me Williams,
certifi .'iite.

I haft Stallion, two years and under three, B. W. Tlumas, premium; M. Phillips, certifi
cate.

Draft Stallion, one year and undertwo, Albert Ford, premium; Wm Yager, certificate.

Draft Stallion Colt, William Yager, premium; S. B. Lewis, certificate.

Draft- .VI ire-, four years and upward, Gj >r.ce L CiHe-i, premium; E. Huffman, certificata.

Drift. VI ire, three ye irs in 1 uu ler (■> ir, G : >^g; lI'T, p'en'i n; ■Y.'Crin Iill, certificate .

Draft Mire, two years au.1 under three, Willi uu Warford, pre uium; E. W. Taylor, certifi-
cate.

Draft Mire, one year and under two, Geir<re L. Chiles, p-eminm; B. Ornuby. certificate.

Draft Mare Colt, N. Miles, premium; T. Y [irent, certificate.

Drift Gelding, four years and upward, C. W. Kennedy, premium; N. J.Smith, certificate.

Drali Gelding, three years an 1 under four, G i >rg ■ J Gr iv, certifi ; ite.

Draft Gelding, two years and under three, Joh > Herr, premium; B. W. Thomas, certificate.

Pair Draft Gelding-*, .1 . L. D >wning, premium; F. F. VI irr, c :rtiti : ite.

Pair Draft Mares, J. S. Williams, premium; C. F. Johnson, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Gelding, three years and upward, J L. Downing, premium; S. T. Drane, certificate.

Stallion, four years an 1 upward, John Campbell, premium; Pollock Barbour, certificate.

Suilion, three years and under four, Joseph Hill, premium.

Stallion, two years and under three, N. Craig, premium

St.all.iun, one year and undertwo, S. P. Drane. premium.

Stallion Colt, -Gibson Mallory, premium; Diniel Br aiinin, certificate.

Brood Mare, three years and upward, J. C. Montague, premium; E Blackburn, certificate.

Brood Mare, two years and under three, Gibson Mallory, premium.

Mare Colt, S. D. Bruce, premium; Birtlett & Pryor, certificate.

Buggy Horse, Gabriel S. Jones, premium.

Buggy Mare, Gibson Mallory, premium.

HARNESS HORDES.

Harness Stallion, in harness, four years and upward, Downing & Alexander, premium; S. R.
Womack. certificate.

Haiue&s Stallion, three years and under four, Bat tlett & Pryor, premium; E. Blackburn,
Certificate.

Harness Stallion, two years and under three, Laramore, Elkins & Co., premium; L L. Dor-
sev, Jr , certificate.

Harness Stallion, one year and under two, E L. Dorsey, premium; S. T. Drane and A. Hop-
kins, certificate.

Harness Stallion Colt, W. D Crockett, premium; J. H. Moore, certificate.

Brood Mare, three years and upward, E. L Dorsey, premium; J. H. Moore, certificate.

M.ire, two years and under three, T. L. Coons, premium; Elias Dorsey, certificate.

Mire, one year and under two. Elias Dorsey, premium and certificate.

Mare Colt,*H S. & M. H. Parker, premium; J. H. Moore, certificate

TROTTING RING.

Fastest Stallion, D. Heinson, first premium; S. R Womack, seond premium.
Fastest Gelding, R P Pepper, first premium; C W Kennedy, second premium.
Fastest Mare, V. P. Jacobs, first premium; Thomas Battman, second premium.

STECIAL RING.

Finest Mare for Saddle, Logan Railey, premium; R. P. Pepper, certificate.

FIFTH DAY.

HARNESS HORSES.

Bu"-«T TT orse. Mr^. E. L. Huffman, premium; J«ihn Burk*. certificate.

Ba"°V Mare, J. II. Moore, premium; R. P. Pepper, certificate.

PauVof Carriage Horses, E. S. Smith, premium; C. A. Wise, certificate

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 177

Pair of Carriage Mares, A. D. Young, premium and certificate.

Pair of Buggy Horses, M. Buckner, premium; Richard Phillips, certificate

Pair Buggy Mares, Morris & Shockeucy, premium.

SADDLE HORSES.

Saddle Gelding, Robert Prewitt, premium; H. H. Ferguson, certificate.

Saddle Mare, C. W. Keunedy, premium; R. P. Pepper, certificate.

Pony, ridden by a Boy or Girl, C. S. Tucker, premium; T. F. Marr, certificate.

BLOODED HORSES WITHOUT PEDIGREE.

Stallion, four years and upward, A. D. Martin, premium; P. Barbour, certificate.
Stallion, three years and ; nder four, E. R. Smith, premium.

Stallion, two years and under three, S. & R. Booker, premium; L. L. Dorsey, certificate.
Stallion, one year and under two, S. & R. Booker, premium; Drane & Hopkins, certificate.
Mare, four years and upward, J. H. Moore, premium; James H. Thomas, certificate.
Mare, three years and under four, J. W. Cromwell, premium; James W. French, certificate.
Mare, two years and under three, J. T. & W. D. Calloway, premium; W. H. Fredrick, cer-
tificate.

Mare, one year and under two, Elias Dorsey, premium; George Rudy, certificate.
Aged Mare, Colt by her side, E. R. Smith, premium; James S. Thomas, certificate.
Gelding, four years and upward, J. K. Lincoln, premium; J. Burk, certificate.
Gelding, three years and under four, E. L. Dorsey, premium; John C. Rudy, certificate.
Gelding, two years and uuder three, H. S. Duncan, premium; W. li. Mayo, certificate.

JACKS AND JENNETS.

Jack, three years and upward, S. & R. Booker, premium.
Jack, two years and under three, Enoch Brewer and W. Bohannon, premium.
Jack, one year and under two. E. Basye, premium; Wm. Hopkins, certificate.
Jennet, three years and upward, S. & R. Booker, premium.

Jennet, one year and under two, Nathan Howell, premium; H. S. & M. H. Parker, certifi-
cate.

MULES.

Mule, two years and upward, Wm. Muir, premium; T. F. Marr, certificate.
Mule, one year and under two, Wm. Muir, premium; James Smith, certificate.
Mule Colt, VV. G. Hedges, premium; Y. R. Grundy, certificate.
Pair Broke Mules, T. F. Marr, premium

■

BUTCHERS' PREMIUM.

A. W. Hardin, premium.

Aged Stallion in Harness, S. R. Womack, premium; Thomas Steele, certificate.

SPECIAL PREMIUMS.

Fiaest Stallion, John H. Moore, premium; Thomas Steele, certificate.
Finest Gelding, Robert Prewitr,, premium: John Burk, certificate.
Finest Mare, John H. Moore, premium; E. R. Smith, certificate.
Flax and Thread, Mrs. Young, premium.

Worsted and Embroidered Piano Cover, Miss Symmcs, premium.
Trunk, D. O'Hare, premium.

South Western Premium List. — The list of awards made by the judges at the recent fair
of the South Western Agricultural Society, as published in the Farm Journal of November
HJth, was copied directly from the books of the Secretary, and ought, therefore, to have been
accurate in every particular. A few errors crept into it, however, owing to the fact that the
awards had not in all cases been entered upon the books. One of these is corrected by the
following official statement, which we publish for that purpose.

Should any other important errors or omissions have occurred in the same way, we hope
they may be pointed out, for we wish all these documents to appear with the utmost degree of
accuracy in the Farm Journal, so that in case of disputes or misunderstanding at any future
time, its pages may be appealed to as- the authority which will settle them to the satisfaction
of all concerned.

We, the undersigned Judges of Reaping, Mowing and Combined Machines for those pur-
poses, in behalf of the South-Western Agricultural and Mechanical Association, attended
their exhibition on the farm of Dr. Kellar, on the 26th of June, 1856, and after a full and im
partial trial of the two on exhibition, viz : the "Kentucky Harvester," by Messrs. Miller,
Wiugate &Co., and "Manny's Machine," manufactured by Mr. Howard, we gave precedence

178 REPORT OF THE

to the "Kentucky Harvester" as a reaper, to Manny's as a mower, and as a "combined ma-
chine" to the "Kentucky Harvester." Your committee take pleasure in stating their convic-
tions that both are good and reliable machines; that they each did their work well, and in
equal time, and in several points of merit were by us considered equal. The price, materials
used in construction, and power necessary to its performance where those which, in our minds,
were in favor of the Kentucky Harvester. We could not test the draft of either by scale, but
believe it to be in favor of the Kentucky Harvester.

Signed, JOHN L. SEATON, )

W. A. MERRIWETHER, I n

GEO. M PRATHER, \ Committee.

W. C. WILLIAMS, J

SOUTH WESTERN AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION—

AT PADUCAH.

The Fourth Annual Fair of this Society was held near Paducah on
the 22nd and 23rd of October, 1856. As no Report has been made,
all else which is known of the Society is from the following extract
from the Democrat, which contains the awards. That paper says :

The exhibition was not as extensive as could be desired, evidencing a less degree of inter-
est than should be felt by our citizens; nevertheless the display was quite creditable. In
horses, mules, and jacks, there was considerable Competition. So much harmony and frater-
nal good feeling pervaded all, that all were pleased, and all determined to take the matter in
hand in good earnest for next year. Hitherto the Association have held their Fairs on
grounds not theirown, and consequently were averse to the expenditure of money that is re-
ally necessary to insure its success. But recently they have purchased a lot, which, by the
next Fair, will be fenced and embellished with the necessary buildings and stalls, for the pro-
tection of articles and stock. We hope the exhibition and premiums awarded this year will
inspire our citizens with a generous emulation for the next.

Premiums and certificates were awarded as follows:

FIRST DAY.

MANUFACTURES.

Flax Linen, Mrs. Mary Curneil, premium; Mrs. Mary E. Reynolds, certificate.

Jeans, Mrs. L. Allen, premium and certificate.

Linsey, Mrs. A. McClure, premium; Mrs. M. E. Reynolds, certificate.

Home made Carpet, Mrs. E. P Jacob, premium; Mrs. J. S. Hobbs, certificate.

Silk Quilt, Miss Anna Boswell, premium; Mrs. G. Kay, certificate.

Worsted Quilt, Miss Sarah ftuders, premium.

Cotton Quilt, Mrs. Patterson, premium; Mrs. E. Curd, certificate.

Jeans Coat, Mrs. William Dent, premium.

Linen Shirt, Mrs. E. Lawson, premium; Mrs. Gross, certificate

Worsted Embroidery, Miss L. Gaston, premium; Mrs. L M. Flournoy. certificate.

Cotton Embroidery, Mrs. G. Kay, premium; Miss C. B. Garrett, certificate.

Worsted Hose, Mrs. E. Lawson, premium and certificate.

Manufactured Tobacco, Z. T. Woolfolk, premium and certificate.

Boiler Iron, Terrill, Clark & Co., premium.

Nails, Terrill, Clark & Co., premium.

Brick, J. D. Brandberry, premium.

Mattrass, Purdy & Rutter, premium.

Sole Leather B. T. Gross & Co., premium.

Harness Leather, B. T. Gross & Co., premium.

Buggy, Jesse Reeves, premium.

DAIRY.

Butter, Mrs. J. Newal, premium; Mrs. H. Enders, certificate.

PANTRY.

Ham, Mrs. H. Enders, premium; Mrs. McConnell, certificate.

Corn Bread, Mrs. W. Morrow, premium; Mrs. Jane E Brimm, certificate.

Wh«at Bread, Mrs. J. J. Flournoy, premium; Mrs. W. Morrow, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

FIELD PRODUCTS.

Three acres Timothy, Walker Carniel, premium.

Sweet Potatoes, G. A. Flournoy, premium.

Irish Potatoes, J. H. Roof, premium.

Beets, W. Morrow, premium.

Seed Cora, A. Bass, premium; J. D. Brandberry, certificate.

SECOND DAY.

BUGGY AND MATCH HORSES.

Buggy Horses, T. A. Harris, premium; Captain Goal, certificate.
Match Horses, D. A Given, premium; J. M. Bullock, certificate.

BULLS.

Bull, two years old and under three, J. D. Brandberry, premium.

Bull, one year old, Mrs. E. P. Grimes, premium; W. Kennedy, certificate.

Bull, under one yeas, E. P Grimes, premium; W. Kennedy, certificate.

heifers, &c.
Heifer, two years and under three, C. A. C imp >ell, premium.

Heifer, under one year old, Mrs. E. P. Grimes, premium; VV. Kennedy, certificate.
Milch Cow, Mrs. E P. Grimes, premium; D. Watts, certificate.
Oxen, G. G. Barryer, premium; C. Terrell, certificate.

JACKS AND JENNETS.

■

Jack, J. S. Jeffreys, premium and certifiicate.

Jack, one year and under two, J. D. Heddy, premium.

Jennet, J. D. Heddy, premium; T. N. Holt, certificate.

MULES.

Mule, two years and upward, W. Morrow, premium; G. Fortson, certificate.
Mule, one year and under two, A. A. Boswell, premium; F. Ward, certificate.
Mule Colt, J. Wood, premium; J. A. Moirison, certificate.

STALLIONS.

Stallion, three years and upward, W. Davis, premium; W. Piercell, certificate.
Stallion, two years and under three, T. J Peck, premium; A. Birdwell, certificate.
Stallion, one year and under two, P. Farthing, premium; John Jones, certificate.
Stallion, under one year, J. Ewell, premium; B. Hodge, certificate.
Brood Mare, W. Waller, premium; A. A. Boswell, certificate.

FILLIES.

Filly, three years and under tour, J. J. Howard, premium; Craig & Brother, certifi-
cate.

Filly, two years and under three, J. R. Spradlin, premium; A. A. Boswell, certificate.

Filly, oneyeur and under two, L. Stevens, premium.

Filly, under one year old, A. Bass, premium; D. Waltmore, certificate.

Saddle Horse. T. L. Jacob, premium; R. 0. Woolfolk, certificate.

POULTRY.

Ducks, Mrs. Wm. Dent, premium; Mrs. T. L. Garrett, certificate.
Chickens, Mrs. J. S. Hobbs, premium; Mrs. W. Dent, certificate.
Turkeys, Mrs. M. Carueiil, premium; Mrs. M. E. Curd, certificate.
Geese, Mrs. M. Carneill, premium; Mrs. M. E. Curd, certificate.

HOGS.

Boar, one year old, E. P. Jacobs, premium.
Boar, six months old, R. A. Bacon, premium.
Sow, six months old, R. A. Bacon, premium.

SHEEP.

Buck, E. P. Jacobs, premium.

Ewe, John Einglot, premium and certificate.

180 REPORT OF THE

SPRINGFIELD UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

The interesting history of this Society is given in the annexed Re-
port from the Secretary, Dr. J. R. Hughes. The awards at the Fair
for 1856, are extracted from the Western Farm Journal.

Springfield, Dec 3, 1856.
Mr. R. W. Scott,

Corresponding Secretary of the State Agricultural Society:

Dear Sir : — la accordance with the request of your circular, desiring a report from the
County Societies, I herewith transmit you the origin and progress of the Sprin&fleld Union
Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Said Association was organized in the town of
Springfield, Washington county, Kentucky, May 1855, by a few of the enterprising farmers;
said enterprise commenced by subscribing $10 to become a shareholder, and as soon as the
number of shareholders reached two hundred, a meeting wos called, a constitution and by laws
presented and adopted, officers elected, and the 16th October, 1855, fixed as the first day of
their exhibition, continuing three days; previous to said exhibition, purchased twelve and
three quarters acres of land, costing SI 00 per acre; we then erected a good vertical plank
fence, costing $700; offered a list of premiums, costing $665.

The Officers elected for this year, (1855,) were Milton H. Rogers, President; John R.
Jones, of Nelson, Joseph Spalding, of Marion, and Edmund L. Davison, of Washington,
Vice Presidents; Jesse Moore, Secretary, and Hugh McElroy, Treasurer; James R. Hughes,
James C. Bascomb, John H. Wakefield, Beuedict E. Montgomery, Robert C. McChord, John
Jackson, George Clements, Thomas R. Browne, Samuel R. Grundy, Stephen C. Browne, Cur-
ran Hanley, David S. Maxwell, and James Holloway, were elected as Directors.

The first exhibition came off in pleasant weather, well attended, and pronounced by all
visitors to be very creditable, and realising from all sources, only $ 665. An impetus, howev-
er, was given in that direction, and a paper started to raise an amount sufficient to build an
amphitheatre, to be erected by the next exhibition; the amount was soon subscribed and the
contract let.

In May, 1856, at our regular annual meeting, we elected officers again — Edmund L. Davi-
son, President; Joseph Spalding, John R. Jones, and J. Woodson Burton, Vice Presidents;
James R. Hughes, Secretary; Hugh McElroy, Treasurer; and Jas. R. Hughes, Wm.S. Davi-
son, John H. Wakefield, James C. Bascomb, Benedict E. Montgomery, Harvey McElroy,
Anthony McElroy, George Clements, John |Jackson, Samuel Peter, and Milton H.Rogers
were elected Directors for the second year, and the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th days of October set
apart for the second annual exhibition.

Between the time of the annual meeting and the second exhibition, we put our amphithea-
tre in course of construction; the size of the inner circle being 140 feet, nine tier of seats, a
promenade 10 feet wide, cedar posts, shingle roof; two offices, one each side of the entrance
gate; a music stand in the centre; all lumber, except the posts, of good yellow poplar, and
costing, when complete, $3,800.

The second list of premiums offered amounted to $785. The exhibition well attended, and
all the various classes well represented, for which a premium was offered; the income, from
all sources, amounting to $1,175. You will readily perceive that the low price of membership
of this association swelled the membership so largely that the annual income of the soeiety
was, to a considerable extent, lessened; and that it was a very false move on the part of the
organization of our society to allow the membership to be so cheapened.

I do not think it improper here to state that, in the years 1836, 1837, there was an Agricul-
tural Association formed in our county, and, considering the times, went off creditably to
those who originated it, and gave an impetus to the improvement of stock, agricultural imple-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 181

ments,and the products of the farm, which increased the wealth and agricultural intelligence
of ihe county more then all other causes combined. The officers of said society I do not
now recollect, and have not the means before me to inform myself.

Sir, you will excuse the irregular form in which this report is gotten up, as it was done in
great haste, and under circumstances peculiar to the time made out.
Yours, with very great respect,

JAMES R. HUGHES, Secretary.

The following are the awards of the Springfidd Union Agricultural and Mechanical Associ-
lion for October, 1856 :

FIRST DAY.

MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, two entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, premium; Mrs. Robert C. McChord, certifi-
cate.

Negro Jeans, six entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, premium; Mrs. A. T. Irvine, certificate.

White Linsey, one entry, Mrs. W. L. Caldwell, premium.

Colored Liusey, three entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, premium; Mrs. A. J. Caldwell, certifi-
cate.

White Flannel, two entries, Mrs. A. J. Caldwell, premium; Mrs. James F. Roby, certificate.

Rag Carpet, one entry, Mrs. Joseph Thomas, premium.

Woolen Carpet, one entry, Mrs. D. B. Hughes, premium.

Woolen Hose, two entries, Mrs. A. J. Caldwell, premium; Mr3. James Logan, certificate.

Half Hose, one entry, Mrs. A.J. Caldwell, premium.

Home-made Blankets, four entries, Mrs A. J. Caldwell, premium; Mrs. James Logan, cer-
tificate.

Linen Diapers, four entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, premium and certificate.

Flax Linen, one entry, Mrs. A.J. Caldwell, premium.

Tow Linen, one entry, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, premium.

Silk Quilt, six entries, Miss Mary Hopkins, premium; Miss Annie Hanson, certificate.

Cotton Quilt, fourteen entries, Miss Annie Neal, premium; Mrs. Mary McElroy, certificate.

Worsted Quilt, eight entries, Mrs. Henry McElroy, premium; Martha Starke, certificate.

Best Hand Boquet, Mrs. Benjamin Spalding, premium.

Ladies' Shoes, made by a Lady, one entry, Mrs Thomas J. Montgomery, premium.

FARMING IMPLEMENTS.

Plows, two entries, R. G. Foster, premium and certificate.

PRODUCTS OF THE FIELD.

Eight acres of Wheat, Benedict E. Montgomery, premium and certificate.

Best specimen of one bushel of Wheat, two entries, Uriah Gartin, premium; Ben. E. Mont-
gomery, certificate.

Largest yield of five acres of Corn, one entry, John Litsey, premium.

Best specimen of Bread Corn, three entries, Benedict E. Montgomery, premium; E. L.
Davison, certificate.

Best specimen of Stock Corn, two entries, Henry M. Spalding, premium; E L. Davison,
certificate.

Bushel of Oats, best specimen, one entry, E. L. Davison, premium.

Orchard Grass Seed, best and cleanest, one entry, Benedict E. Montgomery, premium.

Timothy Seed, best and cleanest, two entries, Uriah Gartin, premium; Benedict E. Mont-
gomery, certificate.

ORCHARD PRODUCTS.

Apples, best variety of one peck, one entry, L. Sansbury, premium.

Kentucky Wines, six bottles, two entries, Benedict E. Montgomery, premium; J. M. Miller,
certificate.

GARDEN PRODUCTS.

Potatoes, Sweet or Yam, one peck, two entries, J. H. Miller, premium; Clement King, cer-
tificate.

Best three head of Cabbage, Llriah Gartin, premium; J M. Miller, certificate.
Best display of Vegetables, J. M. Miller, premium.

POULTRY.

Best pair of Turkeys, Davis Baker, premium.

Best pair of Ducks, Davis Baker, premium.

Shanghai Chickens, best pair, two entries, Davis Baker, premium and certificate.

182 REPORT OF THE

Best pair of Cochin China, three entries, James Bently, premium and certificate.

Best pair Brahma Pootra, two entries, James Bently, premium; Davis Baker, certificate.

Best display of Poultry, Davis Baker, premium.

DAIRY.

Best Butter, three pounds, two entries, Mrs. James Green, premium,- Mrs. Benjamin Spald-
ing, certificate.

Best Loaf Wheat Bread, three entries, Mrs. Thomas J. Montgomery, premium; Mrs. W. L.
Caldwell, certificate.

Best Loaf Corn Bread, one entry, Mrs. Thomas J. Montgomery, premium.

Best Ham. cooked, one entry, E. L. Davison, premium.

Best barrel of Flour, two entries, Lewis & Murphy, premium; George Miller, certificate.

SECOND DAY.

SHEEP.

Best Buck, Long Wool, two entries, Joseph McClasky, premium; Benedict E. Montgomery,
certificate.

Best Ewe, Long Wool, one entry, Joseph McClasky, premium.

Best Buck, Middle Wool, one entry, John H. Parrott, premium.

Best pair of Lambs of any kind, two entries, Joseph McClasky, premium; E. W. Grans,
certificate.

CATTLE.

Best Bull, four years and upwards, two entries, Uriah Shoemaker, premium; Hugh McElroy,
certificate.

Bull, three years old and under four, four entries, N. G. Thomas, premium; Wakefield &
Bascom, certificate.

Bull, two years and under three, five entries, James Bently, premium; Charles Grundy, cer-
tificate.

Bull, one year and under two, five entries, Daniel W. Jones, premium; John Bush, certifi-
cate.

Bull, under one year old, eight entries, Daniel W. Jones, premium, U. Shoemaker, certifi-
cate.

Best Cow, under four years old, eight entries, Nelson Lee, premium, Benedict E. Mont
gomery, certificate.

Cow, three years and under four, one entry, Thomas R Browne, premium.

Cow, two years and under three, four entries, Buford Penock, premium; Beverly Browne,
certificate.

Cow, one year and under two, four entries, Nelson Lee, premium; Milton H. Rogers, certi-
ficate.

Cow, under one year, Milton H. Rogers, premium; Daniel W. Jones, certificate.

Best Milch Cow, two entries, Wm. Ryan, premium; R. C. Williamson, certificate.

Best Fat Bullock, Free Martin or Spayed Heifer, two entries, Benedict E. Montgomery, pre-
mium and certificate.

Best Yoke of Oxen, three entries, Levi J. Smith, premium; Charles Cambron, certificate.

SPECIAL PREMIUMS OFFERED BY THE OWNERS OF MURDOCK.

Best Colt of his get, fifteen entries, Peyton McMicken, premium on Horse Colt; Jonathan
Browne, premium on Mare Colt.

SPECIAL PREMIUM OFFERED BY MILTON H. ROGERS.

Best Horse Colt, get of Tom Fletcher, Thomas R. Browne, premium; best Mare Colt, Mil-
ton H. Rogers, premium.

SPECIAL PREMIUM OFFERED BY JAMES K. HUGHES <fc CO.

Get of Boyd McNairy, best Horse Colt, Robert C. McChord, premium; best Mare Colt, Sid-
ney Barlow, premium.

These premiums were for $20 and $25 — the first and last $25, the second $20.

HOGS.

Best Boar, one year old and upwards, two entries, William McMicken, premium; Charles
Grundy, certificate.
Best Sow, six months old and under one year, one entry, E. L Davison, premium.
Best pair of Pigs, UDder six months old, one entry, Wm. McMicken, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 183

THIRD DAY.

MULES.

Best Horse Mule, two years old and upwards, one entry, Logan J. Railey, premium.

Best Horse Mule, one year old and under two, one entry, S. P. Burton, premium.

Best Horse Mule, under one year old, two entries, Blake Arnold, premium; B. C. McChord,
certificate.

Best Mare Mule, two years and upwards, three entries, Nelson Lee, premium; E. L. Davison,
certificate.

Mare Mule, one year and under two, two entries, David Heath, premium; Nelson Lee, cer-
tificate.

Mare Mule, under one year old, three entries, Samuel R. Grundy, premium; John Wilson,
certificate

Mare Mules in Harness, one entry, E. L. Davison, premium.

FINE HORSES.

Stallions, four years and upwards, two entries, James C. Bascom, premium.

Stallion, three years and under four, three entries, James M. Bishop, premium; James R.
Hughes, certificate.

Stallion, two years and under three, five entries, John Ewing, premium; Jerry Lowe, certifi-
cate.

Stallion, one year old and under two, three entries, Peyton McMickin, premium; Nathan
Balsil, certificate.

Stallion, under one year old, twelve entries, Jonathan Browne, premium; Wm. McMickin,
certificate.

FINE MARES.

Mare, four years old, twenty one entries, Peyton McMickin, premium; Isaac Johnson, cer-
tificate.

Three years and under four, four entries, Peyton McMickin, premium; Milton Rogers, cer-
tificate.

Two years old and under three, six entries, Milton McCann, premium; John Clemants, cer-
tificate.

One year and under two, six entries, W. P. St. Clair, premium; John Wakefield, certificate.

Under one year old, nine entries, Peyton McMickin, premium; Milton Rogers, certificate.

STALLIONS FOR ALL WORK.

Stallion, four years and upward, four entries, James C. Bascom, premium; Wm. McElroy,
certificate.

Three years and under four, five entries, Edward Thompson, premium; Foster Ray, certifi
cate.

Two years and under three, six entries, Thomas Salter, premium; Donatus Mudd, certifi-
cate.

One year and under two, three entries, John Peak, premium.

Under one year old, fifteen entries, John Patrott, premium; W. McMickin, certificate.

MARES FOR ALL WORK.

Mare, four years old and upward, sixteen entries, Wilson Green, premium; Thomas Salter,
certificate.

Three years and under four, three entries, Milton Rogers, premium; Richard J. Browne, cer-
tificate.

Two years and under three, four entries, Nelson Lee, premium; John Clemants, certificate.

One year old and under two, eight entries, John Wakefield, premium; John Bently, certifi-
cate.

Under one year old, eight entries, Sidney Barlow, premium; Milton Rogers, certificate.

HARNESS HORSES.

Best in Harness, one entry, Simeon Lewis, premium.

Riding Stallion, under the Saddle, four entries, Dennis Nichols, premium; James J. Vanort,
certificate.

Draft Stallion, five entries, Wm. Carrico, premium; James P. Minor, certificate.
Draft Mare, five entries, James Heath, premium; James R. Hughes, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

Special premium offered by Browne & Davison, for the best Jack Colt of Meringo Mam-
moth's get,, $20, one entry, Stephen C. Browne, premium; for the best Jennet Colt, $15, two
entries, Harrison Leachman, premium; S. C. Browne, certificate.

Carriage Horses in Harness, five entries, Aaron Alexander, premium; Nelson Lee, certifi-
cate.

1 84 REPORT OF THE

Harness Mares in Harness, three entries, Levi J. Smith, premium; Alfred Cohen, certifi-
cate.

Saddle Horses, under the Saddle, ten entries, Henry C. Duncan, premium; Thos. B. Graves,
certificate.

Saddle Mare, under the Saddle, six entries, Nelson Lee, premium and certificate.

Buggy Horse in Harness, nine entries, David Heath, premium; Axton Whitecotton, certifi-
cate.

Buggy Mare in Harness, eight entries, Ben Sims, premium; Logan Railey, certificate-

JACKS.

Best Jack, four years old and upward, four entries, Stephen C. Browne, premium; David
Heath, certificate.

Three years old and under four, two entries, John K.Wilson, premium; Edward Thompson,
certificate.

Two years and under three, four entries, David A. Knox, premium; Austin Mudd, certifi-
cate.

One year old and under two, four entries, Robert F. McElroy, premium; Peter Browne, cer-
tificate.

Under one year old, Uriah S. Litsy, premium; Stephen C. Browne, certificate.

Jennet, four years and upward, five entries, William L. Tarkington, premium; David A.
Knox, certificate.

Three years and under four, five entries, Joseph Spalding, premium and certificate.

Two years and under three, one entry, James C. Bascom, premium.

One year and under two, four entries, Wm L. Tarkington, premium; R. Y. McElroy, cer-
tificate.

Under one year old, five entries, G. M. Proctor, premium; Wm. L. Tarkington, certificate.

A premium was offered on Embroidery after the Fair commenced — thirteen entries, Lizzie
Johnson, premium and certificate

Special premium of $30 offered for the fastest Trotting Horse in Harness, four entries, Da-
vid Heath, premium.

Special premium of $30 offered for the fastest Trotting Mare in Harness, by R. J. Browne,
eight entries, Isaac Johnson, premium.

UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION OF MASON AND

BRACKEN COUNTIES.

This is one of the most flourishing and spirited Societies in the
State, and the excellent Report of President Killgore leaves nothing
To be added, except to regret that the premium list for 1856 was not
also furnished.

The able Address of Col. Thomas B. Stevenson, (long known as one

of the warmest and ablest friends of Agricultural Improvement,)

which was delivered at the first Fair of the Society, will be read

with much interest and advantage.

The "Union Agricultural Society of Mason and Bracken Counties" is located at the
> illage of Germantown, immediately on the line between the two counties, and was organ-
ized August 12, 1854, and its first Annual Fair was held on the 5th and 6th days of October
of the same year. At the first Fair the sum of three hundred and sixty six dollars were of
fered in premiums, and at the second, so great had been the accessions to the membership of
the Society, that they were enabled to offer nine hundred and fifty seven dollars, and at our
laet Fair, over twelve hundred dollars were offered. This enormous annual increase in the
means of this Society speaks for itself, and shows that our farmers are awakening and looking
out for the improvement in Implements, Animals, Seeds, and improved modes of culture.
The annual subscription fee is three dollars for each member, and the fund, thus accruing, is
especially set apart by our Constitution for an Annual Premium List and necessary expenses
'jfa Fair, and can never be diverted from its purpose — so, just in the ratio of increase of
membership will our Premium List be forever increased.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 185

The Fair Grounds, with their improvements, do not belong to the Society, but to an associ-
ation styled the "Improvement Company," that derive their existence from a clause in the
Constitution that savs — "any outlay for the improvement of Fair Grounds, or the purchase of
improved animals for breeding, shall be made from a special fund, created by individual sub"
scriptions for those special objects; and any income arising therefrom shall inure to
the benefit of individuals making such subscrictions." Under this clause, and a charter from
the State, forty two gentlemen, with a cash subscription of thirty dollars each, commenced the
improvement of our Fair Grounds in the spring of 1855. The first two year3 our Fair wa3
held in the open air, with an open amphitheatre, seated but not covered in.

The outlay of the Company the first year was $378 23

Income from gates and booths was ........ 369 20

Debt, close first year, $9 03

Second year. Receipts from all sources, including call of $20 on each share, $2,775 81

Expenditures, 2,730 81

Surplus on hand at close second Fair $75 00

Third year. Expenditures, $4,522 10

Receipts from all sources, including last call of $10 per share, - - - 2,722 10

Present indebtedness, $1,800 00

The total expenditure has been $7 ,676 14 for improvements aloue, as we lease our land
for twelve years, at an annual rent of $50, with the privilege of removing our buildings at
the end of our term. We should have iclunded the right to purchase, and in its omission
have erred.

For our outlay we have twelve acres inclosed, with a tight white pine plank fence, eight
feet high; two stables one hundred feet long, each, divided into eighty stalls, covered with
white oak boards; four frame booths, twelve by sixteen, and one thirty six by sixty; one
frame fancy cottage, two stories high, used as a dressing room for ladies; sixteen privies at-
tached in the rear, with a yard inclosing an eighth of an acre of land; a frame pavillion,
thirty-six by one hundred and fifty feet, with side sky lights running the whole length, with
a well of water eight feet diameter, twenty two feet deep, and twelve and a half feet basin in
the blue limestone rock; amphitheatre two hundred and six feet diameter, from out to out>
covered in the best of style, and so framed as to form a gallery, or second story, that seats two
thousand persons. This is a feature in our amphitheatre that makes it the most convenient
and showy of any in the state, and was done with but small additional cost. Our exhibition
ring is one hundred and forty four feet diameter, in the clear. Oar expenditures are now at
an end, and the next Fair will pay off our debt and leave a surplus in the Treasury.

Under the same clause in our Constitution, the past year, some $14,000 was subscribed,
and two agents sent to Great Britain for cattle and horses. They succeeded in purchasing a
herd of twenty head of cattle and a coach horse that are now owned in this vicinity. The
horse, Lnrd Raglan, is the property of Dr. A. H. Pollock & Co., and the cattle remain in an
entire herd, the property of a Company. They have agreed to retain them as a herd, for
five years, selling the increase, annually, at our Fairs. They are quite an acquisition to this
region.

Increased attention is being paid in the county of Bracken to the growth of the Grape and
manufacture of Native Wine, and some of her most enterprising citizens are preparing for
its culture extensively, and we hope that in future years the State Society will hear a good ac-
count from Bracken. I send our Annual Premium List, from which you can get a list of the
officers.

ANTHONY KTLLGORE, President.

186 REPORT OF THE

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR 1853.

Anthony Killgore, of Mason, President; C. M. Gibbons, of Bracken, Col. Jamea Dawson,
of Bracken, and Henry Smoot, of Mason, Vice Presidents; W. H. Slack, B. D. Owens, Evan
Lloyd, A. J. Coburn, Dr. A. H. Wall, Charles A. Lyon, Allen Pumpelly, and E. T. Currena,
of Mason county, Daniel Byers, Wm. Dougherty, J. M. Blackerby, John Fee, Wm S. Harrod,
W. P. Diltz, and Gen. W. B. Crupper, of Bracken county, Directors.

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR 1854.

Anthony Killgore, President; Charles M. Gibbons, Col. James Dawson, and Henry Smoot,
Vice-Presidents; F. A. Savage. Secretary; Col. W. H. Slack, Dr. A. H. Wall, Bazil D. Ow-
ens, Charles A. Lyon, Allen Pumpelly, Elijah T. Currens, Arthur J. Coburn, Wm. Dougherty,
J. M, Blackerby, Evan Lloyd, Daniel Byers, Wm. S. Harrod, Watson Diltz, Gen. Wm. B.
Crupper, and John Fee, Directors.

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR 1855.

Anthony Killgore, President; W P. Diltz, Charles Humphreys, and Chaa. M. Gibbons, Vice-
Presidents; W. T. Sallee, Henry Smoot, M. H. Barnett, C. A. Lyon, John A. Coburn, Allen
Pumpelly, W. H. Slack, and E. T. Currens, of Mason county, W. B. Crupper, John Fee, W.
S. Harrod, Wm. Dougherty, Daniel Byers, John N Furber, and W. H. Reynolds, of Bracken
county, Directors; F. A. Savage, Secretary; B. W. Wood, Jr., Treasurer.

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR 1856.

Alexander H. Wall, President; J. T. Bradford, Charles Humphreys, and John N. Furber,
Vice Presidents; Henry Smoot, M. H. Barnett, Charles A. Lyon, John A Coburn, E. T. Cur-
rens, L. B. Goggin, Wm. Clianslor, and A. J. Whipps, of Mason county, Charles M Gibbons,
John Fee, Wm. S. Harrod, Wm. Dougherty, Alfred H. Pollock, Wm. B. Crupper, and Watson
P. Diltz, of Bracken county, Directors; B. W. Wood, Jr., Treasurer; James A. Kackley, Sec-
retary; L.J. Bradford, Marshal.

ADDRESS BY THOMAS B. STEVENSON, ESQ.,

AGRICULTURAL IMPROVEMENT.

I congratulate you, Mr. President, and gentlemen of the Society, and I congratulate the
public, on the organization of your Association under the favorable auspices attending it ; for
I am persuaded that, as its objects are of very great importance to yourselves and the public,
the results of its efforts will correspond to the design. It ought not to be doubted that a So-
ciety, composed of intelligent members, deeply interested in all practical improvements, and
stimulati-d by a noble spirit of emulation, will accomplish results which will invoke the grate-
ful acknowledgments of the present generation, and, it should be hoped, of their children and
children's children. I meet you with pride and pleasure — with pride, because I conceive it an
honor to be called on to address men of public spirit, who, daunted by no obstacles, resolve to
level or overleap them all in the race of improvement — and with pleasure, because it is a hap-
piness to see you associated in an enterprise so useful and praiseworthy. The only drawback
to this satisfaction is, the regret I sincerely feel, that the honor of addressing you had not
been assigned to some one of the many abler and more worthy orators of the country.

You have indeed achieved a signal and astonishing success, in this, your first meeting — and
the more signal, considering the circumstances and difficulties attending your efforts to estab-
lish your Society. It was first conceived about the first of August, in the midst of a drouth
unusually protracted, when navigation in the river, by which supplies of lumber are usually
obtained, was suspended — when not only the mill streams were dried up, but not even enough
water remained at the mill sites to supply steam boilers. But you were not appalled by these
obstacles. Trees were felled in the woods, and water hauled a considerable distance to the
mill, to make steam, in order to cut your lumber. Amidst these difficulties, you secured a
large number of members, made all your own lumber, erected the excellent seats surround-
ing this amphitheatre, accommodating some five thousand persons — and I was proud to see

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 187

that on yesterday and to-day these seats were almost constantly filled — and by these judicious
efforts have attracted hither, in honorable competition for the liberal premiums you have of.
fered, comprehensive classes of stock and other objects, forming an exhibition which would
do credit to old Associations. Within a few days past, the long drouth was terminated ; the
heavens, which seemed like a fiery canopy of brass, have been opened, and copious showers
dispersed all apprehension of lack of water for the occasion ; and now, a bright sun and blue
sky are beaming over us, tempered by a delicious air, all conspiring to teach the devout that
Providence smiles on your Association. Let us accept the omen, and with gratitude for the
past, take encouragement for the future. I have thus referred to your triumphant victory
over the extraordinary difficulties with which you had to combat, because it may not only
nerve you for what is before you in coming years, but serve also to stimulate others to go and
do likewise.

In observance of custom on occasions like the present, a usage sanctioned by propriety, I
propose, not to elucidate any particular practical process in agricultural pursuits, which would
be more appropriate to agricultural papers, farmer's clubs, or social conversations among
neighbors, but to discuss comprehensive principles applicable to general interests. I propose
to consider the subject of Agricultural Improvement as the theme of this discourse.

Agriculture is immeasurably the most gigantic of all industrial and productive pursuits. It
is the first, the greatest, the most useful, the noblest employment of man. Distributing the
people of the world into classes representing their respective pursuits, agriculture represents
seven-eighths, while all others combined represent but one-eighth of the whole. As a means
of creating individual and national wealth, therefore, agriculture is almost infinitely greater
than all others together and without which no other could be effectively employed. Indeed,
the very existence of civilized communities is wholly dependent upon its products, since it
alone supplies food and raiment for all. The soil is our common mother, from whose bounti-
ful breast we derive our nourishment and subsistence. Agriculture, therefore, is the basis of
all other industrial and practical interests. As an Art, the oldest of Arts, it is the sustaining
mother of all the Arts. As a Science, it claims the homage and invokes the aid, while itself
is the support of all the Sciences. As a means of promoting health, strength and all manly
development, it is most congenial to our organization. As a means of developing our intel-
lectual nature and powers, it is the most efficient in summoning their exercise, and has ever
been the favorite pursuit of the greatest and noblest minds. As a means of private and indi-
vidual happiness, its the first and last resource for the supply of the wants and the gratification
of the rational desires of life. As a means of sustaining the calmness of life and supporting
the dignity of age, it is the station for which, no matter what our early education and pursuits,
unless depraved by folly or fashion, we all pant with inextinguishable ardor and longing. As
a means of enabling us to discharge all the obligations and duties of life — those we owe our-
selves, our families, our fiiends, our country, and, greatest of all, our God, it is first in effi-
ciency of all with which Heaven has blessed us. Its products furnish the materials for em-
ploying nearly every other branch of industry. All other arts are, in strict language, its
auxiliary branches and its handmaids. The labor of manufactures is employed to change the
form of its products and supply it with implements and tools ; and commerce is engaged, as
a carrier, to change the place of its products, by distributing and interchanging the fruits of
different climates or localities, and thus supply the necessaries and luxuries of civilized life.
Without agriculture, commerce and manufactures could claim neither existence or name.
Without it, education, arts, sciences, refinement, moral and mental improvement, would lan-
guish and expire. Without it, civilization would be unknown and men be reduced to savage
brutes, prowling through the dark forests of primeval nature, like beasts of prey, seeking a
precarious subsistence in the spoils of the chase.

Such is a brief but comprehensive view of the dignity and importance of agriculture as a
pursuit. And if the picture is neither overdrawn nor too highly colored, what subject of world-
ly concern can be of more momentous importance than that of agricultural improvement ? I
employ the phrase not merely to signify advancement in some practical branch of the great

188 REPORT OF THE

pursuit, but in that comprehensive sense which contemplates the culture of the mind as well
as the soil of the farmer. For it would be a waste of creative power, on the part of the Al-
mighty, in endowing us with intellect, and it would be a criminal misfeasance on our part, did
we not exercise with unrelaxing energy our mental functions in conducting improvements in
all departments of productive industry, and especially of agriculture as the greatest, to the
utmost extent.

I am not unaware of the prejudices which have extensively prevailed and still exist in some
quarters against scientific farming. But I do not apprehend thai I shall have to encounter and
combat this prejudice here. Facts established by the most incontestible evidence, in all quar-
ters of the civilized world, and facts immediately under our own observation, demonstrate con-
clusively that the Art of agriculture, as heretofore practiced, is susceptible of improvement, and
furthermore, that Science is the great moving force for improving the Art.

When we compare the present condition of agriculture, not only in our own country, but
elsewhere, with what it was in times past, we are justified in anticipating illimitable future im-
provements as the reward of intelligent and persistent efforts. Let us glance at some of the
improvements which modern systems have introduced; for indisputably they embrace princi-
ples and practices unknown, or imperfectly known, to the ancients.

1. A mere accurate knowledge of the properties, action and effect, and proper time and mode
of applying all manures, animal, vegetable and mineral.

2. The analyzing of soils, by which we learn their elementary constituents and composition,
and are enabled to detect either the presence of injurious, or the absence of necessary ingre-
dients

3. Thorough drainage and sub soil plowing.

4. The introduction of root crop^ in field culture, by which potatoes, turnips, beets, &c.
&c, are made to perform an important part in economical husbandry; as, on a given surface-
more food for cattle may thus be produced than by the expensive culture of grain.

5. The systems of rotations in crops by which even poor lands may be made fertile, and all
lands kept continually productive, without diminishing their fertility, of which laying down
lands in grass is a striking feature, recently introduced.

6 As a consequence of the established utility of rotation, the substitution of fallow crops,
requiring tillage during their growth, for naked fallows, by which is meant turning out land to
rest and recover its fertility by the decayed vegetable matters from a new growth of native
trees and plants.

7. The improvement of various breeds of domestic animals, upon true physiological princi-
ples, bv which desired results are obtained with more certainty, in less time, with less labor,
and with less consumption of food.

8. The application of science, in multifarious forms, to the construction of implements and
machinery, to the prepantion of food for animals, &c, by which labor is rendered less toil,
Bome and more effective, and economy in the production, use and disposal of crops, promoted.

9. Discoveries in the philosophy of vegetation and the principles of vegetable physiology and
structure, enabling the intelligent and skillful cultivator to avail of many favorable circumstan-
ces, otherwise unavailable, in raising all vegetable products.

These are some of the improvements, undeniable, of m dern over ancient agriculture; and
the list might be extended. But enough has been exhibited to establish the fact that improve-
ments have been achieved, which should incite and encourage us in seeking after still greater
achievements; for though we may justly boast of our modern progress, neither the science nor
the art of agriculture has been perfected. We have much still to learn, both in theory and
practice.

The visible improvements in modes of tillage obsevrable in our own State — in breeding do-
mestic animals — in the construction and use of plows and other implements and machinery
of the farm — in the varieties of grains, grasses, roots, vegetables, plants, fruits, trees, &c. —
and indeed in almost every branch of rural econ)my, many of them discovered or adopted
even in our own time, and all of them rendered more important as we advance — are all of

STATE AGRICUL1URAL SOCIETY. 189

them mighty stimulants to the achievement of still greater and greater improvements. Rela-
tively valueless, indeed, would be our previous triumphs, did they not incite us onward and up.
ward, to higher and etill higher points of eminence and advantage; for in the progress of all
human interests, and of agriculture particularly, each advance points to further perfection and
strengthens the desire and capacity to attain it. Progression is the law of civilization. We
cannot stand still. If we pause a moment, we drift back, like a helpless keel in a swift cur-
rent. The truly great and brave, in every mighty conflict, desire their posts in the vanguard
So of those who would promote agricultural improvement — they must seek advanced positions
and improve the advantages of those posts.

But descending from these general views of modern improvements, let us detail a few prac-
tical facts by way of demonstration, in order to stimulate inquiry, investigation and efforts to-
wards still greater attainments.

In the middle of the last century, at Smithfield, the great cattle mart of England, the aver-
age weight, per head of beeves slaughtered there, was only 370 pounds, and of sheep 28 pounds
In 1836, the average of cattle was 8l!0 pounds and of seep b0 pouuds. Here we see an im-
mense increase in the weight of animals, from which we are authorized to infer a great im.
provrment both in cultivating the soil and raising animals, for the latter could hardly be effect-
ed without the former.

In the revenue report of 1840, the Auditor states the average value of the cattle of Ken.
tucky at $5 87 per head. But the average value in various counties, ranged from $1 61 to
$15 91; showing that while in some counties the ?alue reached about three times the average
value throughout the State, in others it scarcely exceeded one fourth the general average. Now
why this wide disparity? Improvement in some counties and lack of it in others.

The recollection of older persons present will corroborate the statement that the average
weight of what were considered fine beef cattle in Kentucky, thirty years ago, did not exceed
500 pounds per head. I doubt if it exceeded 400 pounds; and am by no means confident that
at this day the average on the whole exceeds 500 pounds. But still we all know that in those
counties where attention is given to improvement, animals weighing 1000 pounds are not at all
uncommon, and that in not a few instances they have been carried up to twice and even more
than twice that weight. We know also, that a short horn bullock of three years of age, will
outweight a common scrub of five. This proves what improvement may be effected by judg-
ment in selecting and rearing animals. But it should not be forgotten that judgment in adapt-
ing the kind of animal to the soil and its products, is necessary to b-ing about economical re-
sults. The heavy short horns would prove unprofitable, in the etid, on thin soil and light pas-
turage. I knew such a herd to degenerate on such soil; and I believe the common scrubs
would on poor pasturage be more profitable stock. So on the other hand, the heavy short horns
would be more profitable on rich pasturage, since, as before stated, they will weigh more in
three than the scrubs will in five years, thus saving to the raiser a large amount in time, inter.
est and risk. After all, then, in order to sustain improvement in animals, there must be nofc
only judgment in adapting the crops to the soil, but the animal to the'erops, since the profit de-
pends not on the greatness of size to which they may be urged, but on the largest proportion-
ate return for the food consumed.

In the rearing of hogs, even in the memory of comparatively young farmers, a great im-
provement has been effected. A farmer now, ambitious of being thought of respectable stand-
ing in his profession, would almost be ashamed if his hogs were not ready for market at the
age of 18 or 20 months; and yet it will not be contested that 18 months pigs now weigh more
than three year old hogs did thirty years ago, when hogs were seldom ready for market at an
earlier age.

In sheep, too, there is a visible improvement, at least in some quarters, both in the weight
of carcass and fleece, if not in the fineness of the wool, but I fear it has not been so general
and diffusive as in regard to other animals. Yet many of our most far seeing farmers are of
0| inion — wl ich there is much reason to support — that the largest profits to be gained hereafter
in the stock business of Kentucky, will be earned from sheep, judiciously adapted to the va-

190 REPORT OF THE

rious Sands on which they may be raised. The enormous amount of wool and woolens we
import from abroad, while we have such vast domains of cheap vacant lands admirably adapt
ed for sheep walks, is a disgrace to our enterprise and economical husbandry. In 1853, accor-
ding to the Finance report of Mr, Guthrie, Secretary of the Treasury, the value of raw wool
imported into the United States was $2,669 ,718, and of woollen manufactures, $27,621 ,911 —
aggregate $30,291 ,629. But still there has been improvement. In 1840, the average of
fleeces in the United States was 1.84 pounds; in 1850, it reached 2.43, according to the last
census report. In Vermont, where the greatest attention has been given to wool growing, cap.
ital, labor, time and expeiiments having been freely expended to produce a breed combining
weight and fineness of fleece, the result of the efforts has been most signal. In 1840; the
average weight of the fleece was 2.02 pounds, while in 1850 it reached 3.71, the gain being
almost equal to 70 per cent. In other words, improvement in Vermont had the effect to make
100 sheep of 1850 yield as much wool as 170 sheep of 1840. In Massachusetts, in the same
period, the weight of the fleece increased from 2. 05 to 3. 01 pounds, nearly 50 per cent. In New
York the product of wool in 1850 from 3,453,000 sheep, exceeded that from 5,118,000 in
1840, by 266,009, showing that the fleece had raised from less than 2 to nearly 3 pounds.

I need not instance the improvement in horses, asses and mules, for they are palpable to all
eyes, even of our youngest farmers — and most especially in the two classes of animals last
named.

In England, cultivators often, as they did the present year, produce 60 bushels of wheat to
the acre and rarely fall below 40; for a less product would, be unsatisfactory. In Kentucky,
S5 bushels would be considered a fine crop, though instances of greater are known; but it is
the opinion of a prominent farmer that the average product or this State does not exceed 12.
The disparity, however, between the product of England and Kentucky, while due in great
measure to superior cultivation in England, is partly ascribable to climate, which is more fa-
vorable for this crop in that island. But still the fact of improvement holds good there as
elsewhere. A century ago, wheat was a curiosity in Scotland, and a field of 8 acres, grown
near Edinburg, was visited by the people of the whole country round. It is probable that
many of those visitors, whose prejudices still adhered to oats, which was their chief bread-
grain, regarded the introduction of wheat as an innovation, and denounced it as a vagary of
"book farming."

The county of Norfolk was once the poorest in England, but by the introduction of modern
improvements — root crops, fallow crops, grass, rotation and m inuring — its fame as an agricul-
tural county has been made to surpass that of districts naturally more fertile.

Great as i3 the product of English culture, Houston, an eminent writer of England has
shown that the Flemings, occupying a soil originally a barren white sand, get twice as much
produce (partly by double cropping) annually, as the English do from the same quantity of
land.

A prominent farmer of Kentucky, some twelve or fifteen years ago, recorded his opinion
that the corn crop of the State did not exceed, on the average, 35 bushels per acre; small
grain 12 bushels; hemp 500 pounds. But we all know that far larger returns — oftentimes
more than double — are now produced. I think it is a fact that 100 bushels of corn per acre
have been oftener produced of late years in some of our best counties, than 50 bushels were
thirty years ago. Now why this great difference? It is improvement. It results from better
culture, better preparation and tillage — better systems of rotation and manuring — better im-
plements — in short, better knowledge, the fruit of observation, study and experiment; and
improvements so attained are the legitimate triumphs of the science and triumphs of the art
of agriculture.

But 100 bushels per acre is not the maximum product of corn in Kentucky. There are re-
corded proofs, verified by the most indubitable testimony, of measured acres producing, re-
spectively, 108, 110, 113, 127, 160, 192>£ and 200 bushels. While it may be a question de-
serving scrutiny, whether the modes of culture by which these great products were obtained,
are adapted to general practice, the facts however go to prove at least that the common modes

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 191

do not tax the full capacity of the soil. It may be inconvenient suddenly to change long es-
tablished habits; vet we should never omit to make such gradual approaches to better practices
as may be practicable. The aim should always be high. He who points his arrow upward
may even overshoot the mark; but he who aims low will generally fall short of it. The day
may come and I think is now approaching — when the necessities of our condition — our rela-
tions to the rival producing regions — our position with reference to the great markets that
consume our surplus products — will constrain us to accept a great revolution as to the pro-
ducts, systems and modes of our rural husbandry; and we should wisely keep this in view,
and most especially in educating our sons for a career of prosperity in the future. Whenever
Kentucky shall become densely populated — or if we would see her borders crowded with in-
habitants, an object of ambition to every State — her rich soil, capable of sustaining myriads
of people, and doubtless intended by our common Father for their subsistence, will inevitably
have to be subjected to close tillage, by which a given surface is made to yield the largest re-
turns. This revolution, I am persuaded, will infallibly take place; but I do not presume to
predict its precise period, nor to speculate upon the processes by which it will be brought
about. It is a araud theme, however, not only for speculative reflection, but for the earnest
study of practical statesmen. The relations, actual and relative, in which Kentucky stands,
will compel her to consider by what means she may best meet her rivals, friendly though they
be, in the production and sale of all on which she relies for accumulation of wealth. IMo man
of reflection and candor, who seriously considers the great practical iuteiests of Kentucky,
her internal position on the continent, far from the seaboard, whither her chief surplus pro.
ducts must be sent and thence exported to meet the wants of foreign consumers, but must be
impressed with the conviction that (in order to meet our rivals, whose lands, while equally
fertile, are cheaper in price, and who enjoy easier, speedier and cheaper facilities lor reaching
market, available at all seasons; our chief resources for relative properity in the future will
be to make superior modes of culture and superior facilities of transportation countervail the
superior advantages with which nature and art have blessed our rivals. We may honestly dif-
fer as to the modes ol executing the policy, but on the wisdom of the policy itself, there can be
no dissenting opinion.

Having thus — interspersed with some brief running commentaries — presented some of the
general views and some of the practical facts going to prove the superiority of modern over
ancient systems of agriculture, and thus shown that as improvement has been achieved in the
past, so it may be in the luture — lor it would be too presumptious to suppose we have attained
pertectiou — the practical effect of the demonstration should be to invoke us to seek those
means of improvement which will not only perpetuate existing attainments but acquire new
achievements. This is a vastly important question. It cannot be solved by remedies applica-
ble to momentary circumstances; it cannot be met by temporary expedients; the question is
radical and the answer must probe the root.

The solution may be simply stated — and I wish the statement could be made to ring in the
ears, and penetrate the brain, and stir the heart of every man, woman, and child, who is the
friend of agriculture — that the radical means of improvenunt is the more perfect education of the
farmer for his profession.

I do not propose, important as this fundamental proposition is, to discuss it at length. Vain
has been the task of producing illustrations showing, as has already been done, the triumphs
of modern over ancient systems, achieved by the application of the sciences to the art of ag-
riculture, it this radical proposition must be re-argued.

By the professional education of farmers, I do not mean merely that boys should be taught
the iudiments of agricultural science in the elementary schools. True, I think the rudiments
should be taught in the early education of all boys, even those destined for other professions;
and 1 can hardly conceive whatgieater improvement could be introduced into our State system of
common schools— if system it can be called — than judiciously prepared school books, embac-
ing the elements ot agricultural science. I would have the fanner boy not merely taught the
elements of agriculture in the same school where he learns the elements of other sciences —

192 REPORT OF THE

I would have him not, mereiy what is sneeringly termed a "Book Farmer" — but also instruct-
ed in practical farming — that is, the application of science to art — the reduction of theory to
practice — the power of deducing sound maxims from general truths. I would have him a
student not only in the primary and high schools, the Colleges and Universities, but out of
doors, under the all embracing sky, in the sure and instructive school of nature. The fields,
with their vegetation — the forests, with their varied growth — the soils in all their varieties —
the wateis — the sky, the clouds, the winds, the rains, the storms, and the dews — these and all
that nature offers for contemplation, should be his studies; so that learning the true laws of
nature, he should be able practically to apply them to his pursuits. Since the days of Lord
Bacon, the great founder and expounder of modern practical philosophy, this is the true func-
tion and object of useful science. Nature should be his grand schoolroom; and what he
should learn from her unmistakable indications, should alone be recorded as worthy the dig-
nified name of genuine science. Whoever reverences nature with the devotion due from a
child to its mother, will surely be rewarded by her smiles, her love, and her abounding favor.
Why should not a farmer boy he taught geology, chemistry, botany, and other sciences? They
are sciences practically useful to him in his every day pursuits. To be able chemically to ana-
lyze soils and manures, in order to learn their elements ami properties — to know the localities,
habits and qualities of plants — surely such knowledge as this — and I use the words knowledge
and science as synonymous — will always be of practical value to a farmer. How can a stock
raiser be considered an improver, in the high sense, like Bake well, Colling, and others, with-
out a knowledge of anatomy, physiology, the laws of nutrition, &c? Without such knowledge
he can never be considered an original discoverer, however he may sometimes accidentally
blunder upon success for which he can render no philosophical reason. But a farmer, master
of the science of agriculture, place him where you may — set him down in a land before un-
known, on a soil never furroughed by the plow — will, by the light of nature and science,
almost unmistakably indicate the true crops and the true culture adapted to it. Not so the
unscientific. He will rarely, if ever attain success, except through years of mortifying blunders
and disastrous experience. Nature, the great mother of science, operates her processes and re-
sults bv fixed laws. It is established by observation and experiment, that nature, in distribu-
ting the various orders of the vegetable kingdom, adapts the plants and soils in which they
grow to one another. In other words, every species of plants requires its specific food, and
unless this is contained in the soil, the plant will degenerate, dwindle and die out. Thus, the
fine grazing plant, which covers like a glorious carpet of velvet, our exuberant pastures, com-
monly called blue grss, (poa pratensis,) can only be made to flourish, as is attested by conclu-
sive observation and experiment, on calcareous or limestone lands, or on lands where lime or
its equivalent in action is artificially supplied. I might cite many other illustrations; but I
trust enough has been said in this connection to induce instructive reflection.

If, then, it has been demonstrated that modern systems of agriculture have brought about
more favorable results than ancient systems — if it has been shown that modern systems may
be rendered still more efficient — if it has been made manifest that education and training in
the science and art of agriculture better fit a farmer tor the intelligent and successful prose-
cution of his pursuits — I have attained the chief object proposed in this discourse; and it
should follow, if you concur in the arguments and conclusions, that you will yourselves, in
pursuit of improvement, explore every resource of practical knowledge, exact tribute from all,
and teach your sons the same.

Among the practical means of extending knowledge useful to farmers, Common Schools,
Colleges, Model Farms, Agricultural Societies and Clubs, and the Press, have been often and
forcibly commended.

As before intimated, the rudiments of agricultural science may be incorporated in common
school books. From this basis, students desiring to advance to the highest attainments in the
science, may pass to the Colleges, in each of which, a Chair of Agriculture should be liberally
endowed.

Model Farms, perhaps, would most fitly pertain to High Schools devoted wholly or mainly
to the education only of youths destined for agricultural life.

STATE AGRICULTURAL S0CIE1Y. 193

Agricultural Societies and Fairs exert immense influences for good, by bringing together the
most intelligent and spirited farmers, to compare opinions, practices and products. Thus,
while much useful information is interchanged, the spirit of emulation and improvement is
stimulated to greater and more intelligent and effective exertion. Better modes of practice in
all departments of husbandry are learned and practised, and thus gradually lead to the estab-
lishment of more efficient and economical systems, under the operations of which the produc-
tive energies of the country are rendered far more potential.

Farmers' Clubs, too, a sort of miniature Agricultural Societies, where a few intelligent
Deighbors meet socially and discuss all the current questions interesting to farmers, are im-
portant aids to improvement. These are delightful aud iustructive meetings, which have
been found even more effectual than Societies and Fairs, in eliciting practical information.
The Clubs inquire, investigate, discuss and develop the reasons and principles, as well as the
processes, of various practices and systems. At the great meetings of Societies and Fairs,
attention is chiefly attracted to the results, rather than the principles of practical operation:
for there is generally too much bustle and excitement, and perhaps too little leisure, to allow
inquiry into the modes and principles of practice by which even the most important and satis
ff.'tory results are obtained.

It should be made a fundamental provision in the Constitution of every Society, that no
claimant shall receive any premium awarded, until he file with the Secretary a clear state-
ment, in writing, of the process by which the premium article — whether of crops or animals —
was produced; and these reports, or judicious selections from them, should be regularly pub-
lished. Thus the Societv would enjoy the benefit, and communicate it to the public, of any
principles or practices found to be more efficient or economical than those commonly ob-
served and practiced. Indeed this seems to me to be the great end and object of all such as-
sociations.

As an example of the utility of Farmers' Clubs, I could cite many instances where by in-
quiry and investigation, new truths have been elicited and applied, and where the inexpe
rienced, by the advice of more practiced farmers, have been saved from the disaster and loss
of attempting impracticable things. May I be permitted to suggest a fit subject for discus-
sion in the Farmers' Clubs of this section — and there should be such Clubs in every conve
nient neighborhood — the pertinency of which will be the more manifest in view of the evils
experienced in consequence of the unpropitious season for some of our great crops, through
which we have just passed? It is the inquiry how far it would be practicable and profitable
to diversify our farm crops, in view of mitigating the calamities suffered, when from drouth,
storms or other casualities, the product of the main crop, like that of corn the present year,
as well as minor crops, tobacco, &.c, has been materially reduced? This would at any time
be an important question, but it is rendered peculiarly impressive now while we are suffering
the great stint occasioned by the unusually protracted drouth of last summer.

But of all the means, at present available, for promoting better education among farmers,
the press is the most efficient and diffusive. A well conducted agricultural paper, judiciouslv
discussing all tTie topics interesting to cultivators ot the soil, is of incalculable value to the
farmer. It spreads before him periodically the opinions and practices ot others, on all
branches of rural industry, and furnishes him a fund of facts and ideas on which he can al-
ways draw with profit. No respectable farmer, who seeks improvement aud prosperity, can
afford to be without one or more such papers; and he who denies himself the. knowledge thu?
to be acquired, loses every year from ignorance far more than would pay for many such papers.
In the absence of systematic education for farmers in our common schools, every farmer
should the more readily provide such papers for the benefit of his sons and daughters — for
by the bye, the latter would also be vastly improved in household industry, rural economy :
and, I may add, in real charms and loveliness, by habitually reading such papers.

The newspaper press, under judicious conduct, could do much good by appropriating a de-
partment in their columns to agricultural affairs. Some of them do so, aud they should be
patronized by farmers, in preference to others, not only for the sake of their agricultural

194 REPORT OF THE

matter, but because of its tendency in time to induce all or most of them to employ men of
proper qualifications upon that department of their publications. But newspapers, strictly
such, though they can do much good, cannot possibly meet the wants of farmers in this way;
and hence the necessity of journals devoted exclusively to agriculture.

Another means, leading to improvement in rural and public economy, exists in the power
of the State government to cause the collection and publication of the statistics of production
and consumption. Some of us might be shamed into better practices and better economy, by
scanning a table of imports, exhibiting great amounts of consumptions which might be profi-
tably produced at home. The legislature has at last taken a step in the right direction, in
view of acquiring reliable information in reference to our internal resources and industrial
interests, by providing for a geological survey of the State, the results of which, properly exe-
cuted and reported, will prove to be of vast practical value to all pursuits, agricultural, man-
ufacturing and commercial.

Having now shown that further improvement is attainable, and indicated some of the means
thereto, let us consider the incentives to exertion. They may be briefly summed : In the first
place, our interests, and in the next, our pride, invoke us. By adapting improvements to our
circumstances, we shall increase in actual and relative wealth, prosperity, and power, far more
rapidly than if we continue in our old customs, rejecting every proposal looking to the ameli-
oration of our condition, the elevation of our standards, and the increase of all the rewards of
our labor. And in addition to the incentive of interest, usually considered the strongest mo-
tive to all practical efforts, pride, character, and renown, address us with a force of appeal
which we should be ashamed to resist. Suppose we were unaffectedly indifferent to the allure-
ments of accumulated wealth, still it may be asked with what sensations the Kentuckians,
blessed with a soil of exuberant and unsurpassed fertility, and climate more genial than that of
their rivals, would read a veritable record showing that the latter exceeded them in the pro-
duction of the objects which minister to our wants — that others, not more, if not less favorably
situated, were advancing with more rapid and certain progress in population, prosperity, wealth,
power, refinement, and all that makes a State great — I repeat the question, what would be their
sensations? They would be degenerate sous of the State, and unworthy to live in this age, if
they did not blush at the truth of the record. And yet such a record must assuredly be enter-
ed up, unless we keep pace with our rivals in all practical improvements. Even if we
were unselfish enough to lay aside all considerations of thrift, still we ought to look to our
laurels, and uphold our pride and honor by demonstrating our equal capacity for improvement.
For we are neither less interested nor less capable than others, in promoting the cause of im-
provement; and we are fearfully and criminally responsible, if we fail to illustrate the truth in
our own practical success.

Before the last century, agriculture could hardly be considered a profession, much less a sci-
ence. Though it was considered in some sense an art, it was considered as a very low art, pur-
sued from necessity by very low people, ignorant of true art, which is based on real science.
But now, by intelligent men, it is justly dignified as a noble Science and a noble Art; and its
dignity is far higher in this free republic, where the people are sovereign, thah elsewhere. It
is not here considered a low and menial employment, but honorable and noble. The cultiva-
tors of our soil are the masters of our government; for they are the mass of the free people-
But while such is the truth, we must not ignore the fact that the respectability of every profes-
sion depends upon the amount of intellect and intellectual culture which is directed to its ele-
vation; and if we would elevate and dignify agricultural pursuits, we must excite professional
enthusiasm and arouse professional pride, by the incitement of professional education; for all
efforts, otherwise, will be vain and futile. Agriculture being the pursuit of the masses of
men, in order to exalt its dignity as a profession, and its efficiency as a productive pursuit, we
must elevate and enlighten the minds of the masses by improved professional education; for it
is true that the principles of scientific agriculture, or even of a wise practical tillage, cannot
be instilled into the minds of the ignorant. To improve the science and art of agriculture —
-to secure the highest success in all departments of rural industry and economy — the minds of

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. ] 95

farmers must be enlightened by systematic and practical knowledge; for the basis of rational
liberty is not more surely founded on general education and enlightenment, than is the pros-
perity of agriculture.

In conclusion, allow me to utter the sincere and fervent hope, that as your association was
founded, as its name has been given, in the spirit of Union, so may your union and the bless-
ings which shall result from your practical operations under it, be rendered perpetual.

From the Western Farm Journal, for 1^56.
UNION AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION OF MASON AND BRACKEN COUNTIES.

The third Annual Fair of the L^nion Agricultural Association of Mason and Bracken Coun.
ties, was held at the Society's Grounds, near Germantown, on the 23d, 24th, 25th, and 26th
days of September. It was eminently successful — almost every premium offered being ac-
tively contested, and the grounds having been visited, during the four days, by about twenty-
seven thousand persons. In horses, cattle, fruits, flowers, works of art, domestic manufac-
tures — in every department, indeed, but that of farm implements and agricultural machinery,
the exhibition was a full and highly gratifying one.

The Maysville Eagle, in its account of the Fair, says ; "On Friday, the 'observed of all ob-
servers' in the ring, was the Cleveland bay carriage stallion, Lord Raglan, recently imported
from England, and now in excellent order. He is a beautiful blood bay, of fine size and pro-
portions, and is probably the best imported horse now in the West. The herd of cattle im-
ported at the same time was also shown on Friday, (with two exceptions,) and was very much
admired. It will be remembered that it was determined not to sell any of this lot, but only
their offspring, for several years. They have been distributed among the farmers of the
neighborhood."

The following is a complete list of the premiums awarded :

FIRST DAY.

CLASS A. — AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Cultivator, one entry, Patterson & Fronk.

CLASS B. — CARRIAGES AND WAGONS.

Two horse Carriage, one entry, Bierbower & Robinson.
One-horse Buggy, three entries, George L. Reese & Co.
Four or six horse Wagon, one entry, Martin Wiuter.

CLASS C. — CABINET WARE.

Bureau, two entries, William Ort.
Centre Table, one entry, William Ort.

CLASS E. COOPERAGE.

Flour Barrel, one entry, John Sallcup.

CLASS F. — SADDLERY AND HARNESS.

Gent's Saddle, one entry, John Zech.

CLASS G. — LEATHER.

Sole Leather, one entry, N. & H. Weare.
Harness Leather, two entries, N. & H. Weare.
Bridle Leather, N. & H. Weare.
Upper Leather, one entry, N. & EI. Weare.

CLASS H. — BOOTS, SHOES, AND SLIPPERS

Gents' Fine Calf Boots, two entries, Kirk & Harrod.

Gents' Kip Boots, two entries, Miner &, Larew.

Ladies' Gaiters, one entry, Miner & Larew.

Gents' Embroidered Slippers, three entries, Miner & Larew.

CLASS I. — GENTS' CLOTHING.

Dress or Frock Coat, four entries, H Murphy.
Pants, two entries, Mrs. Richard Lloyd.
Vests, two entries, Mrs. Richard Lloyd.
Shirts, three entries, Mrs. Richard Lloyd

196 REPORT OF THE

CLASS A. — FARM PRODUCTS.

Water rotted Hemp, one entry, Edward L Gault.

Wheat, seven entries, Thornton Norris.

Rye, three entries, N. Taliaferro.

Corn in the ear, thirteen entries, Thornton Norris.

Timothy Seed, three entries, John D. Gregg.

Sweet Potatoes, two entries, John M. Walton.

Irish Potatoes, two entries, John JV1. Walton

Lot Garden Vegetables, one entry, John M. Walton.

CLASS B. FRUIT.

Winter Apples, five entries, George Humlong.

Summer and Fall Apples, three entries, Mrs. Amanda Perrine.

Peaches, one entry, N. Taliaferro.

Grapes, three entries, Wm. Orr.

CLASS C. — FLOWERS.

Collection of Flowers, different varieties, one entry, Mrs. Thomas Y. Payae
Roses, one entry, Mrs. Richard H.Collins.
Boquet cut Flowers, one entry, Mrs. T. Y. Payne.

CLASS A — DAIRY PRODUCTS.

Four pounds Butter, seven entries, Mrs. V. Hamilton.

CLASS B. — PRF.SF.RVES AND PRESERVING.

Display of four jars Preserves, one entry, Mrs. John M. Wilson.

Plan in Writing for Preset ving Fresh fruit upon the Hermetical Sealing principle, Specimen
accompanying Plan, five entries,. Mrs. J. C. Bagby.

CLASS C. — WOOLEN FABRICS.

Jeans, three entries, Mrs. Samuel Lloyd.

Flannel, one entry, Mrs. Ben. Kirk.

Rag Carpet, three entries, Mrs. Theodric Owens.

Flux Linen, one entry, Mrs Levi Maines.

Yarn, five entries, Mrs. E. L. Gault.

Stockings, three entries, Mrs. Wm. Chanslor.

Gloves and Mittens, two entries, Miss Rhoda B. Applegate.

CLASS D. — QUILTS,

Silk Quilt, four entries, Mrs. Simeon Walton.
Worsted Quilt, three entries, Mrs. Simeon Walton.
Counterpane, nine entries, Mrs. Samuel Lloyd.
White Cotton Quilt, one entry, Mrs. J. K Best.
Patchwork Quilt, ten entries, Miss E. M. Martin.

Patchwork Quilt, by Misses under 12 .years, two entriesj Miss Samaria Taylor-
Pair Blankets, five entries, Mrs. Anne E. Crihfieid.

CLASS E. — PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL NEEDLEWORK.

Lady's Cloak, two entries, Mrs. Dr. J. L. Russell.

Ottoman Cover, five entries, Mrs. P. B. Johnson.

Chair Covers, one entry, Mrs. T. Y. Payne.

Group Flowers, one entry, Mrs. T. Y Payne.

Linen Wrought Collar, eight entries, Mis. Wm. H. Slack.

CLASS F. — SHELL AND WAX WORK, AC

Shell Work, one entry, Mrs. Col. A Soward.
Hair-Work, one entry, Miss Eva Hutehins.

ARTJSTICAL.

Painting in Oil, five entries, Miss E. P. Curtiss.
Water Colors, one entry, Miss H. Crippen.
Pencil Drawings, two entries, Miss H. Crippin.

MISCELLANEOUS-.

Three Bacon Hams, two entries, Mrs. Wm. Chansloc
Pickles, five entries, Mrs. R Lloyd.
Lard, eight entries, Mrs. John Mannen.
Superfine Flour, four entries, Taylor & Strawby.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 197

POULTRY.

White Shanghais, oue entry, Darius Norris.
Brahraas, two entries, Cleon C. Owens.
Common Fowl, one entry, Garret Applegate.

FEMALE EQUESTRIANS.

Miss Fannie Biggers, best ; Miss Carrie Taylor, second.

DISCRETIONARY PREMIUMS AWARDED.

There were no regular premiums offered for the following articles, bufc they were each
adjudged worthy of the special premium named :
White Cravats, two eutries, $2, Mrs. Richard Lloyd.
Shirts, by Misses, one entry, $2, Miss Winter.
Carved Leather Work, one entry, Mrs. T. Y. Payne.
Brandy, one entry, $2, John Winter.
Catawba Wine, three entries, S2, Wm. Orr.
Blackberry Wine, one entry, $2, Mrs John Mannen.
Fall Apple, one entry, $2, Michael Harman.
Pumpkins, one entry, $1, Matthew Kendrick.
Honey, one entry, $1, Mrs. Sarah Proctor.
Catsup, one entry, Geo. W. Wells.
Silver Pitcher, one entry, S3, Robert F. Adair.'
Churns, one entry, $2, Isaac Morford.

Churns, different pattern, one entry, $2, Bedinger, McCormick & Falls.
Preserved Insects, one entry, $2, John Randall.
Green Plants, oue entry, $1, N. Taliafero.
Carved Cane, one entry, Dr. Keith.

SECOND DAY.

CLASS A. — CATTLE FOR BEEF OR MILK.

Aged Bull, two entries, Samuel W. Whisner, best ; C. A. Rout, second.

Two years old Bull, seveu entries, Dr. A. H. Wall, (Double Head,) best ; Charles Hum
phreys, (Crusader,) second.

Yearling Bull, six eutries, H. Smoot, (Perfection,) best; Dr. A. H. Wall, (Red Rover,)
second.

Sucking Bull, five entries, Dr. A. H. Wall, (Gen. Pierce,) best ; Dr. A. H. Wall, (Daniel
Boone,) second.

Aged Cows, five entries, Dr. A. H. Wall, (Purity,) best; Dr. A. II. Wall, (Dorcas,) second

Two year old Cows, three entries, John Reed, (Southwort,) best ; James C. Savage, (Gol
den,) second.

Yearling Cow, one entry, Theodric Owens.

Sucking Cows, six entries, Dr. A. H. Wall, (Mary Ann,) best; R. C. & W. H. Durrett,
(Delia.) second.

CLASS B. — FAT CATTLE.

Aged Bullock, one entry, Wm. Chanslor.

Aged Cow, two entries, Dr. A. H. Wall, best; E. T. Currens, second.

Two year old Bull, oue entry, Benj. Kirk.

Two year old Cow, two entries, John Reed, best and second.

CLASS D. — WORKING CATTLE.

Yoke Working Cattle, five entries, Dr. A. Pollock, best ; Miles Wilson, second.

CATTLE FOR MILK — ALL BREEDS.

Cows, one entry, H. S. Jefferson.

CLASS A. — SHEEP FOR FINE WOOL.

Aged Buck, one entry, P. B. Orr.
Ewe, one entry, P B. Orr.
Sucking Ewe, one entry, P. B. Orr.

CLASS B. — MIDDLE GRADES OF WOOL.

Buck, one year old and over, three entries, James B. Claybrook.
Ewe, one year old and over, three entries, Bazil D. Owens.
Sucking Buck, two eutries, Henry Smoot.
Sucking Ewe, one entry, Bazil D. Owens.

198 BEPORT OF THE

CLASS C. — COARSE WOOLED GRADE.

Buck, over one year old, three entries, Anthony Killgore.
Ewe, over one year, one entry, A. Killgore.
Sucking Buck, one entry, A. Killgore.
Sucking Ewe, one entry, A. Killgore.

CLASS D. — FAT SHEEP.

Best Pen, one entry, Bazil D. Owens.

SWINE.

Aged Sow, four entries, Garret Applegate.
Sucking Boar, two entries, Daniel Rees.
Sucking Sow, one entry, Henry Smoot.

CATTLE SWEEPSTAKES.

Bull, of any age or breed, eight entries, Dr. A. H. Wall.
Cow, of any age or breed, eight entries, Dr. A. H. Wall.

THIRD DAY.

CLASS A FINE HORSES.

Aged Stallions, nine entries, John S. Foster, (Young Ramp) best; John S. Heillock, second.
Two year old Stallions, seven entries, C. Perry Bateman, bi j st; J B. Clark, second.
Yearling Stallions, nine entries, Veach & Rankins, best; Elijah T. Currens, second.
Sucking Stallions, eighteen entries, James R. Runyon, best; Osgood Burgess, second.
Aged Mares, thirty five entries, William M. Dills, best; W. H. Les, second.
Two year old Mares, fourteen entries, W. W. Goddard, best; John McClintock, second.
Yearling Mares, seven entries, J L. Arnold, best; John McClintock, second.
Sucking Mares, thirteen entries, Veach & Rankins, best and second.

CLASS B — HARNESS HORSES.

Matched Harness Horses, seven entries, Allen Browning, best; Robert A. Tabb, second.

Mare or Gelding for Single Harness, four entries. Octavius M. Weeden, best; Robert L
Lewis, second.

Stallion for Double or Single Harness, eighteen entries, Robert G. Chanslor, best; John S.
Hillock, second.

CLASS C — SADDLE.

Saddle Horses, thirty seven entries, Alfred H. Pollock, best; Samuel T. Forman, second
Saddle Stallion, six entries, Paul T. Best, best; John F. Piper, second.

SWEEPSTAKES — FINE HORSES.

Stallions of auy age, twenty six entries, Veach & Rankins.
Mares of any age, thirty six entries, John McClintock.

FOURTH DAY.

DRAFT HORSES.

Aged Stallions, one entry, William Purcell.

Two year old Stallion, two entries, Charles Gordon, best; J. L. Tabb, second.

Yearling Stallion, ihree entries, Charles Day, best; C. E. Dimmitt & Rankins, second

Sucking Stallion, one entry, George Humlong.

Aged Mares for Draft, seven entries, C. A. Routt, best: Robert Terhune, second.

Two year old Mare, two entries, J. 0. Cushman, best; Milton C. Smith, second.

Yearling Mare, one entry, James C. Savage.

Sucking Mare, one eutry, James C. Savage.

SWEEPSTAKES FOR DRAFT HORSES.

Stallions of all ages, six entries, Charles Day.
Mares of all ages, thirteen entries, H. A. Hiirgett.
Two year old Geldings, eight entries, Eliza Berry.

YOUNG MALE EQUESTRIANS.

Alfred Pollock, best; Frank Downing, second.

JACKS AND JENNETS.

Aged Jack, seven entries. Eldred M Groves, best; J. Duffort, Jr., second.

Two year old Jack, one entry, J. Duffort, Jr.

Yearling Jacks, four entries, Geo. W. Wells, best; H. M. Dobyns, second.

Sucking Jack, two entries, Denedict Kirk, best; J. Duffort, Jr., second.

Aged Jennet, four entries, Geo. W Wells, best; F. M. Hampton, second.

Two year old Jennet, one entry, Joseph Leiter.

Sucking Jennet, two entries, J. Duffort, Jr., best; George W. Wells, second.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 199

MULES.

Aged Horse Mule, one entry, John McClintock.

One year old Horse Mule, two entries, Eldred M. Groves, best; Joseph Leiter, second.

Sucking: Horse Mule, two entries, Thomas McFarland, best, Charles M. Gibbons, second.

Aged Mare Mule, five entries, George W. Wells, best and second.

Yearling Mare Mule, two entries, George W. Wells, best; Eldred M. Groves, second.

Sucking Mare Mule, seven entries, Eldred M. Groves, best; William S. Dudley, second.

SWEEPSTAKES FOR JACKS.

Jacks of any age, six entries, George W. Wells.
Jennets of any age, five entries, J. Dufforc, Jr.

UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION—

AT EMINENCE, HENRY COUNTY, KENTUCKY.

This Society has held Fairs annually since 1850, at their well ar-
ranged grounds near Eminence. It is well and favorably known, and
all the Fairs have been successful, under the management of her ex-
cellent officers. It is to be regretted that they have not given the de-
tailed history of their proceedings for the benefit of similar institu-
tions.

The following brief notice of the Society is from an old number of
the Shelby News. The awards for 1850 are given, together with a
brief notice of the Fair for 1850, by the Editor of the Western Farm
Journal.

From the Shelby News, for 1853.

Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association. — At the annual meeting of the Union
Agricultural and Mechanical Association, held at Eminence, on the 1st Saturday in May,
quite a large number of members were in attendance. Robt. Mallory, of Oldham, was re-
elected President, and Daniel firannin, Robt. Brown, and James O'Bannon, of Henry, I. N.
Blakemore, W. W. Taylor, and John Fible, of Oldham, and Shannon Reid, S. T. Drane, and
C J-j. White, of Shelby, Directors; Morris Thomas, Treasurer; and W. S. Helm, Secretary-

The Secretary was directed to have certificates of life membership prepared, and to issue to
each life member one, so soon as he paid in full his membership fee.

The list of premiums was extended so as to give a $10 cup to the best harness stallion.

After the transaction of the other business the Association adjourned.

At a called meeting of the Directors, held on the Fair Grounds, on Saturday, the 4 h of June,
it was resolved to enlarge the show riug and arrange the seats upon the plan of the Lexington
Fair Grounds, so as to seat as many persons.

It is the intention of the Directors to expend about $2,000 the present year, in arranging
seats, procuring water, and ordering all such things as will tend to the comfort and convenience
of those who may attend.

I have thus given you a hasty sketch of the principal doings of^the Association and Directo-
ry at their last meetings; you may hear from me again, some several times, before the Fair.

Respectfully, &c, W. S. HELM.

June 7th, 1853.

From the Western Farm Journal, 1856.
UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION AT EMINENCE.
The sixth annual exhibition of this Society was held at the Fair Grounds of the Associa-
tion, near the town of Eminence, on the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th days of October. In a few

200 REPORT OF THE

departments, owing to the unfavorable season, the show was not equal to what it had been
on previous occasions, but in all the others it came fully up to the high standard of excel-
lence which this enterprising Association always strives to reach. The farmers of Shelby,
Henry, and Oldham, who annually go up to Eminence with samples of their live stock, their
domestic manufactures, their field crops, their garden vegetables, and the delicious produc-
tions of their dairies and pantries, are proud of their exhibitions; and justly so, for it takes
those who are first among rhe foremost to beat them in any department, that of unobtrusive
but hearty hospitality not excepted.

The following is the official report of premiums awarded — the first name in each case taking
the article accompanying the blue ribbon, the second the honorable compliment conferred
with the red.

FIRST DAY.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, five entries, Mrs. C. Scobee, premium; Mrs. Morris Thomas, certificate.

Negro Jeans, eleven entries, Mrs. William Armstrong, premium; Mrs. Thomas E. Reed,
certificate.

White Linsey, four entries, Mrs. C. Scobee, premium; Mrs. William Armstrong, certifi-
cate.

Colored Lins y, four entries, Mrs. A. B Rees, premium; Mrs. William Armstrong, certifi-
cate

Plaid Linsey, five entries, Mrs. William Armstrong, premium and certificate.

White Flannel, six entries, Mrs. William Armstrong, premium; Mrs. Scobee, certifi-
cate.

Carpet, wool, seven entries, Mrs. John Barnhill, first premium; Mrs- John Fible, se-
cond.

Carpet, wool, and rug filling, nine entries, Mrs A. B. Rees, first premium; Mrs. William
Calloway, second.

Carpet, all rag filling, three entries, Mrs. P. Calloway, premium; Miss Jane Baker, cer-
tificate.

Pair Blankets, five entries, Mrs. William Armstrong, premium; Mrs. P. Calloway, certifi-
cate.

Pair Hose, seven entries, Mrs. C Scobee, premium and certificate.

Pair Half Hose, seven entries, Mrs. T. S. Roberts, premium; Mrs. C. Scobee, certifi-
cate.

Suit of Clothes, cut and made by Lady, two entries, Mrs. Martha Prewitt, premium; Mr3.
Richard Shockency, certificate.

Linen Shirt, three entries, Miss Ann R Barnhill, premium; Miss Fannie Fible, certifi-
cate.

Needle-Work, three entries, Miss Lizzie Lecompte, premium; Mrs. J. G. Gibson, certifi-
cate.

Embroidery, nine entries, Mrs. William Thompson, premium; Miss S. B. Moore, certifi-
cate.

Woolen Coverlet, one entry, Mrs. William Armstrong premium.

Cotton Coverlet, two entries, Mrs. Thomas Blakemore, premium; Miss Jane Baker, certifi
cate.

White Cotton Quilt, one entry, Mrs. Ij L. Montague, premium.

Patch Work Cotton Quilt, four eutries, Mrs J. C. Booker, first premium; Mrs. William
Thompson, second,

Patch Work Worsted Quilt, three entries, Mrs. William Thompson, first premium; Miss
Mary C. Piyor, second.

Silk Quilt, Patch Work, three entries, Mrs. W. T. Curry, first premium; Mrs. T. S. Rob-
erts, second.

Cloth Coat, one entry, Mrs. Martha Prewitt, premium.

Hat, one entry, Miss Letitia Baker, premium.

Ladies' Shoes, one entry, Miss Martha Thomas, premium.

MANUFACTURES BY MACHINERY.

Negro Jeans, four entries, M. M. Matthews, premium; Thomas E. Reed, certificate.
Blankets, pair, five entries, John Fible, premium and certificate.

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

Apples, four entries. Mrs. E. G Berry, premium; G. W. Riley, certificate.
Grapes, one entry, Mrs S. T. Drane, premium.

Tomatoes, eleven entries, Mrs. S. T. Drane, premium; Mrs. W. D. Calloway, certifi-
cate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 201

Beets, seven entries, Mrs. Lucy Burns, premium; Mrs. William Gutliiie, certificate.
Turnips, nine entries, Mrs. Morris Thomas, premium; Mrs. R. H. Thomas, certifi-
cate.

Parsnips, three entries, Mrs. P. Calloway, premium; Dr. J. Baker, certificate.
Cabbage, three entries, Mrs. L E. Brown, premium; Mrs. E. G. Berry, certificate.
Salsify, two entries, Mrs. A. Rees, premium; Mrs. P. Calloway, certificate.

DOMESTIC WINE. BACON, BREAD, BUTTER, <fcC.

Butter, thirteen, entries, Mrs. James Guthrie, premium; Mrs. W. M. King, certifi-
cate.

Cheese, three entries, Mrs. J. M. Todd, premium; Mrs. W. M. King, certificate.

Honey, twelve entries, Mrs. P. Calloway, premium; Mrs. A. Rees, certificate.

Cooked Ham, fourteen entries, Mrs. M. Calloway, premium; Mrs. William Calloway, cer-
tificate.

Wheat Bread, seventeen entries, Mrs. P. Calloway, premium; Mrs. G. P. Owen, certifi-
cate.

Corn Bread, nine entries, Mrs. Calvin Ford, premium; Mrs. S. T. Drane, certificate.

Cider, six entries, Mrs. A. Rees, premium; Mrs. Lucy Burns, certificate.

Wine, four entries, J. J. Railey, premium; Mrs. L. Burns, certificate.

POULTRY.

Turkies, six entries, Mrs. James Calloway, premium; Mrs. Win Armstrong, certificate.

Muscovy Ducks, one entry, Dr. J. Baker, premium.

Poland Ducks, four entries, Mrs. W. H. Perkins, premium; Mrs. J. A. Hornsby, certificate.

Chickens, pair, three entries, Mrs. W. EL Perkins, premium; Mrs. S. T. Drane, certificate.

Chickens, Shanghai, two entries, Mrs. T. S. Maddox, premium; Mrs. B. H. Dale, certificate.

Chickens, Cochin China, one entry, Mrs. James Guthrie, premium.

Chickens, Brahma Pootra, five entries, Dr. L. E. Brown, premium and certificate.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND PRODUCTS.

Essay on Agriculture and Management of Farm, one entry, J. M. Todd, premium.

Bread Corn, nine entries, G. W. Riley, premium; R. H. Thomas, certificate.

Corn Meal, ten entries, P B. Woolfolk, premium; G. P. Owen, certificate.

Stock Corn, ten entries, Levi Barnhill, premium; T. W. Tucker, certificate.

Irish Potatoes, three entries, T. S. Roberts, premium; R. H. Thomas, certificate.

Sweet Potatoes, three entries, Samuel Venable, premium; T. S. Roberts, certificate.

Wheat, red, nine entries, A. B. Rees, premium; Thos. H. Jackson, certificate.

Wheat, white, nine entries, Alexander Hopkins, premium; S. T. Drane, certificate.

Wheat, spring, one entrv, S. T. Drane, premium.

Rye, four entries, S. H Calloway, premium; A B. Rees, certificate.

Oats, five entries, G. W. Riley, premium; A. Rees, certificate.

Wheat Fan, one entry, J. McKim, premium.

Tobacco, leaf, three entries, A. B. Rees, premium; B. F. Booker, certificate.

Hemp, 50 pounds, from break, one entry, Evau Henton, premium.

Harrow, one entry, J. M. Calloway, premium.

Cultivator, three entries, T. E. C. Brinley, premium; Samuel Glass, certificate.

Wagon, three entries, John T. Davis, premium; John Fible, certificate.

Corn Planter, Thos. E. Reed, premium; E. D. Jones & Bro , certificate.

Clover Seed Sower, one entry, S. T. Drane, premium.

Buggy, six entries, Steadman & Pierce, premium; Morris & Shockency, certificate.

Carriage, two entries, J. W. Brannon, premium; Steadman & Pierce, certificate.

Plow, sod, two entries, T. E. C. Brinley, premium; John T. Davis, certificate.

Plow, stubble, twelve entries, John T. Davis, premium; T. E. C. Brinley, certificate.

Mowing Machine, three entries, Miller, Wingate &, Co., premium; H. B Howard, certificate.

Reaping Machine, four entries, R. Dutton, premium; H. B. Howard, certificate.

Threshing Machine, one entry, Proctor & Collins, premium.

THOROUGH BRED HORSES.

Stallion, three years old, two entries, J. W. Kirkpatrick, premium; J. Hall, certificate.
Stallion, one year old, two entries, S. T. Drane, premium; Robt. Brown, certificate.
Stallion, under one year, one entry, Daniel Brannon, premium.

Mare, four years old and over, three entries, Wm. Palmer, premium ; Bartlett & Pryor, cer-
tificate.

Mare, three years old, one entry, Evan Henton, premium.

Mare, one year old, one entry, Wm. Palmer, premium.

Mare, under one year old, one entry, Bartlett & Pryor, premium.

202 REPORT OF THE

SECOND DAY.

THOROUGH BRED CATTLE.

Bull, four years and over, one entry, A. Burns, premium.
Bull, three years old, one entry, A. J. Viley, premium.

Bull, two years old, three entries, J. T. McClelland, premium; B, H. Dale, certificate.
Bull, one year old, four entries, Ben. A. Thomas, premium; L. P. Tarlton, certificate.
Bull, under one year old, six entries, B. H. Dale, premium; Ben. Warfield, Jr., certificate.
Cow, four years old and over, two entries, J. T. McClelland, premium ; Z. F. Smith, cer-
tificate.

Cow, three years old. one entry, Ben. Warfield, Jr., premium.

Cow, two years old, two entries, L. P. Tarlton, premium ; A. J. Viley, certificate.

Cow, one year old, one entry, A. J. Viley, premium.

Cow, under one year old, three entries, L. P. Tarlton, premium and certificate.

GRADE CATTLE.

Bull, three years old, one entry, Orville Ford, premium.

Bull, one year old, one entry, Calvin Ford, premium.

Bull, under one year old, four entries, C. L. White, premium ; R. H. George, certificate.

Cow, four years old and over, two entries, R. H. Thomas, premium ; Morris Thomas, cer-
tificate.

Cow, three years old, one entry, Dr. J. Baker, premium.

Cow, one year old, one entry, J. C. Booker, Dremium.

Cow, under one year old, three entries. S. T. Drane, premium ; Morris Thomas, certificate.

Best Fatted Steer or Heifer, one year old, four entries, J. C. Booker, premium; Isaac Shel-
by, certificate.

Best Fatted Steer or Heifer, two years old, two entries, C S. Moore, premium; E. G. Berry,
certificate.

Best Fatted Steer or Heifer, three years old, three entries, James Calloway, premium ; T.
G. Dunlap, certificate.

Best Fatted Steer or Heifer, four years old and upwards, four entries, Isaac Shelby, pre-
mium ; James Calloway, certificate.

Yoke Oxen, four entries, W. J. Thomas, premium ; Morris Thomas, certificate.

Milch Cow, two entries, P. Calloway, premium ; P. Harwood, certificate

Open ring for Bulls, nine entries J. T. McClelland, premium; A. J. Viley, certificate.

Open ring for Cows, six entries, Ben. Warfield, Jr., premium ; L. P. Tarlton, certificate.

HOGS.

Best pair Pigs, under six months old, eighteen entries, S. H. Clay, premium and certificate.

Boar, over six months and under twelve, eight entries, S. H. Clay, premium; Robert Arm-
strong, certificate.

Sow, over six months and under twelve, nine entries, T. G. Crutcher, premium; David Ellis,
certificate.

Aged Boar, five entries, Nathan Miles, premium; S. H. Clay, certificate.

Aged Sow, nine entries, L. P. Tarlton, premium; David Ellis, certificate.

Best three fatted Hogs, two entries, P. Calloway, premium; R. H. Thomas, certificate.

Best Sow and Pigs, sucking, three entries, R. H Thomas, premium; David Ellis, certificate.

Open ring for Boars, nineteen entries, S. H. Clay, premium; Nathan Miles, certificate.

Open ring for Sows, nineteen entries, David Ellis, premium; S. H. Clay, certificate.

bo&ton's colt.
Best Colt, seven entries, Daniel Brannon, first premium; Samuel Booker, second.

drennon's colt.
Horse Colt, without regard to age, thirteen entries, Wm. J. Smith, premium; A. Dupeau,
certificate.

Mare Colt, ten entries, E. B. Pollard, premium; N. J. Smith, certificate.

THIRD DAY.

SHEEP — FINE WOOL.

Buck, two years old, one entry, C. Scobee, premium.

Buck, one year old, one entry, Levi Barnhill, premium.

Pair of Lambs, two entries, C. Scobee, premium; Levi Barnhill, certificate.

Ewe, two years old, six entries, Wm. Armstrong, premium; J. T. Armstrong, certificate.

MIDDLE WOOL.

Buck, two years old, six entries, James Calloway, premium; Elias Dorsey, certificate.
Buck, one year old, three entries, James O'Bannon, premium; James Calloway, certificate.
Pair of Lambs, five entries, James Calloway, premium and certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 203

Ewe, two years old, seven entries, Dr. J. Baker, premium ; James Calloway, certificate.
Ewe, one year old, three entries, James Calloway, premium; P. Calloway, certificate.

LONG WOOL.

Buck, two years old, three entries, Wilson & Jones, premium; Hopkins & Dunlap, certifi-
crte.

Buck, one year old, two entries, Hopkins & Dunlap, premium; J. Bright & Son, certificate.

Pair of Lambs, three entries, J. B. Jones, premium; L. Hopkins, certificate.

Ewe, two years old, six entries, S. T. Drane, premium; L Hopkins, certificate.

Ewe, one year old, Orville Ford, premium ; P. Calloway, certificate.

Open ring for Bucks, ten entries, J Bright & Son, premium; Wilson & Jones, certificate.

Open ring for Ewes, fifteen entries, J Bright & Son, premium; Dr. J. Baker, certificate.

Best three fatted, two entries, W. Hopkins, premium; J. M.Calloway, certificate.

ASfES AND MULES.

Jack, four years old and over, one entry, R. M Booker, premium.

Jack, three years old, three entries, N. P. Green, premium; Jonathan Davis, certificate.
Jack, two years old, three entries, Enoch Brewer, premium; Nathan Divine, certificate.
Jack, one year old, four entries, E. Basey, premium; Nathan Divine, certificate.
Jack, under one year old, two entries, Nathan Divine, premium, S. Keid, certificate.
Jennet, four years old and over, six entries, R. M. Booker, premium ; R. H. Paxton, certifi-
cate.

Jennet, three years old, two entries, R. H. Paxton, premium; N. P. Green, certificate.

Jennet, two years old, two entries, H. Hildreth, premium; Evan Henton, certificate.

Jennet, one year old, three entries, N. Howell, premium; E. Arnold, certificate.

Jennet, under one year old, two entries, N. J. Smith, premium; W. K. Thorn, certificate.

Mule, two years old, five entries, W. Muir, premium; J. Marr, certificate.

Mule, one year old, two entries, W.Muir, premium; L. Hopkins, certificate.

Mule, under one year old, three entries, S. Ford, premium; R. E. Mason, certificate.

Pair Draft Mules, one entry, J. Marr, premium

Open ring for Jacks, five entries, N. P. Green, premium; R. M. Booker, certificate.

Open ring for Jennets, eight entries, Nathan Howell, premium; R. M. Booker, certificate.

FINE HORSES.

Stallion, four years old and under, five entries, C. S. Moore, premium; John Offutt, certical e
Stallion, three years old, two entries, E. R. Smith, premium; J. Bright & Son, certificate.
Stallion, two years old, seven entri es, L. L. Dorsey, premium; S. Booker, certificate.
Stallion, one vear old, six entries, R. Garrett, premium; R. M. Booker, certificate.
Stallion, under one year old, eight entries, W . D. Crockett, premium; J. W. Moody, cer-
tificate.

Mare, four years and over, seven entries, W. Holly, premium; J. W. Moody, certificate.
Mare, three years old, three entries, J M. French, premium; S. Booker, certificate.
Mare, two years old, four entries, W.D. Calloway, premium; Jesse Stone, certificate.
Mare, one year old, two entries, W. D. Crockett, premium; W. O'Bannon, certificate.
Mare, under one year old, seven entries, W. Holly, premium; S. Booker, certificate.

HARNESS HORSES.

Stallion, four years old and over, five entries, Downing & Alexander, premium; R. L. Tins-
ley, certificate.

Stallion, three years old, three entries, Bartlett & Pryor, premium; S. M. Tartton, certificate.

Stallion, two years old, five entries, Shearer & Lorimer, premium; A. Dupeau, certificate.

Stallion, one year old, five entries, Drane & Hopkins, premium; E. Dorsey, certificate.

Stallion, under one year old, eight entries, Strother Sudduth, premium; M. Thomas, cer-
tificate.

Mare, four years and over, four entries, L. L. Dorsey, premium; E. S. Pollard, certificate.

Mare, three years old, three entries, W. R. King, premium; Bartlett & Pryor, certificate.

Mare, two years old, six entries, E. Dorsey, Jr., premium; L. L. Coons, certificate.

Mare, one year old, five entries, R. Garrett, premium; E Dorsey, Sr., certificate.

Mare, under one year old, six entries, Adam Middleton, premium; J. M. Todd, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

DXAFT HORSES.

Stallion, four years old and over, four entries, George L. Chiles, premium, John Hinkle,
certificate.

Stallion, three years old, two entries, W. Parish, premium; S. McWilliams, certificate.

Stallion, two years old, one entry, W John Thomas, premium.

Stallion, one year old, five entries, A. Ford, premium; A. Middleton, certificate.

Stallion,, under one year old, five entries, O. Thomas, premium; John F. Moore, certificate.

204 REPORT OF THE

Mare, four years and over, G. L. Chiles, premium; A. Shrader, certificate.

Mare, three rears old. two entries. R. Shocfcency, premium; A. Scearce, certificate.

Mare, two years old, five entries, W. Warford, premium; J. L. Ficklin, certificate.

Mare, one year old, one entry. G. L. Chiles, premium.

Mare, under one year old, N. Miles, premium; R. H. Paxton, certificate.

SADDLE HORSES.

Stallion, four years and over, one entry, J. R. Moss, premium.

Stallion, three years old, four entries, J. Mellvaine, premium; N. C. Bicknell, certificate.

Stallion, two years old, four entries, G W. Moore, premium; S. Mellvaine, certificate.

Stallion, one year old, two entries, H. C. Middletou, premium; John A. Middleton, certi-
ficate.

Stallion, under one year old, seven entries, I. F. Collier, premium; Warren Moody, certi
ficate

Mare, four years old and over, six entries, Logan Railey, premium; J. W. Moody, certificate.

Mare, three years old, six entries, N. S. Pollard, premium; George Rowland, certificate.

Mare, two years old, five entries, David Ellis, premium; W. O'Bannon, certificate.

Mare, one year old, three entries, F. H. Goodrich, premium; Elias Dorsey, certificate.

Mare, under one year old, four entries, E. D. Jones & Brother, premium; J. L. Moody,
certificate.

Open ring for Stallions, sixteen entries, Robert Garrard, premium; Wm.J. Smith, certificate

Open ring for Mares, thirteen entries, L. L. Dorsey, pre<nium; VV. D. & J F. Calloway,
certificate.

Saddle Geldings, twelve entries, H H. Ferguson, premium; Morris & Shockency, certificate.

Saddle Mare, eleven entries, R. P. Pepper, premium; J. M. Calloway, certificate.

Pair Carriage Horses, five entries, Morris & Shockency, premium; J. L Downing, certificate.

Pair Carriage Mares, one entry, Warren Moody, premium.

Pair Buggy Horses, four entries, E D. Jones & Brother, premium; C. S. Moore, certificate.

Pair Buggy Mares, one entry, Morris & Shockency, premium.

Buggy Horse, nine entries, J. K. Lincoln, premium; E Dorsey, Sr., certificate.

Buggy Mare, two entries, J. F. Nicholas, premium; J. P. Crabb, certificate.

WARREN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

Herewith will be found an interesting Report from the officers of
this Society, its Constitution and By-laws No report of the awards
made at the Third Annual Fair for 1856 has been recived, nor have we
been able to procure it for publication.

BoWLINGGREEN, NOVEMBER 22, 1856.

Robert W. Scott, Esq.

Dear Sir: The "Warren County Agricultural and Mechanical Association" was organized
during the summer of 1854, and held its first Fair on an open lot, with no seats and but a tem-
porary shed for the judges, &c, the following October. This, their first effort to encourage the
development of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, was successful to a degree not antici.
pated by the most sanguine of its projectors, and bur citizens and farmers entered at once,
with a commendable zeal, into a plan already proposed, to purchase suitable grounds and erect
appropriate buildings in which to hold State, District, and County Fairs. This movement oc
casioned the disorganization of the first, and the forming of our present association upon a
larger, more liberal, and permanent basis.

A company, organized under the style of the "Fair Ground Association,'' who, in the spring
of 1855, purchased a beautiful site of 12 acres of ground, and erected an amphitheatre, with
pleasant seats, to accommodate 5,000 persons, an elegant and roomy promenade, a tasty and
convenient centre pavilion, officers rooms, &c, &c, 60 that, in extent, elegance of design,
and convenience, the Warren County Fair Grounds will compare favorably with any in the
southwest. On this ground the Second Annual Exhibition of Warren was held in October

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIRTV. 205

1855, which was eminently successful and encouraging to its rapidly increasing patrons. It
has been estimated that over 8,000 persons visited our Fair of 1855, while not more than half
that number were here in 1854. But to show the constantly increasing interest that is being
manifested in this section in regard to the usefulness of such associations, I have only to say
that our last Exhibition (1856; doubled in number and quality of entries both the previous
Fairs, and that on the last day of the Exhibition alone there could not have been less than
8,000 persons present. The number of fine animals entered, surpassed any thing of the kind
ever seen in the Green river country, and the quantity and quality of Domestic Manufactures
would have taken no second rank at the World's Fair. During next year there will be other
improvements made upon the grounds, such as arranging walks, setting out trees and shrub-
bery, sodding, &c, &c, which, when complete, will make ours not only the most substantial,
but the handsomest grounds in Kentucky. Both associations are in a flourishing condition
and Warren, as well as adjoining counties, are becoming thoroughly awakened to the impor-
tance of a higher grade of Agricultural and Mechanical knowledge, and Home Industry is
bei ng rewarded with that noble honor which it so justly merits.

T.he officers of the Agricultural Association for 1856, are — Woodford Dulany, President;
Jno. M. Sharp and H. P. Murrell, Vice Presidents; T, C. Calvert, Treasurer; F. C. Herrick,
Secretary. F. C. HERRICK, Secretary.

CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS OF THE WARREN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL
AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

CONSTITUTION.

Article I — Title. This Society shall be styled, "The Warren County (Kv.) Agricul-
tural and Mechanical Association."

Article II. — Objects. The objects of this Association shall be, the encouragement and
development of Agriculture, including all that pertains to the farm, the garden and the or-
chard. The improvement of the Mechanic trades, embracing domestic manufactures. The
introduction and culture of superior breeds of useful animals; and the advancement of popular
intelligence on all these subjects.

Article III. — Methods. The methods for the accomplishment of these objects, by this
Association, shall be: 1. Fairs, for the exhibition and sale of such products of the industry
of the country, as shall occupy the attention of the Society. 2. By the periodical award of
premiums to such, as upon fair and public competition, shall appear worthy to receive them.
3. By the dissemination of useful knowledge upon the subjects that receive our attention, and
the award of prizes, to such original Essays, on subjects connected with any department of the
Society's labors, as shall be judged worthy of such distinction.

Article IV. — Membership. Regular membership in this Association, shall be obtained by
the payment of five dollars per year, for five years, (commencing with the payment of the first
installment.) Life membership by the payment of twenty Jive dollars at one time — and honora-
ry membership by the vote of the Association, or the unanimous vote of the Board of Direc-
tors. Provided, however, that membership, with its privileges and responsibilities, shall cease
on death or removal from the State.

Article V. — Meetings. There shall' be an annual meeting ot the Association on the fourth
Monday of May, next; and annually thereafter, at the same period of the same month. Called
meetings may be held by the order, or at the call of the Board of Directors, upon due public
notice; and for reasonable and specific objects. At the annual meetings, the power of the As-
sociation over all its affairs, shall be absolute. At called meetings, nothing shall be done, ex-
cept what was specified in the call.

Article VI — Management. The entire management of the affairs of the Association, (ex-
cept during the meetings of the Association itself,) shall be confided to a Board of twelve Di-
rectors — seven of these are to be directly elected, at each annual meeting, by the members of

206 REPORT OF THE

the Association. The remaining five are to be Directors, in virtue of their being officers of
the Society, as hereinafter provided for. The Board of Directors shall have power to fill any
vacancies that may occur between two annual meetings, and shall hold their office until succes-
sors are appointed.

Article VII. — Officers. The members of the Association shall, at their annual meetings,
elect from among themselves, a President, two Vice Presidents, a Secretary and Treasurer;
each to serve until his successor is appointed. They shall be ex-officio, members and officers
of the Board of Directors; and shall discharge the duties incident to their offices, and such
others as shall be assigned them by the Society and the Board of Directors. Any vacan-
cies in these offices shall be filled by the Board.

Article VIII. — Exhibitions. Every member of the Association shall have the right,
without the additional contribution of money, to compete at all Fairs and Exhibitions of the
Association, with articles of which he may be real owner. Others, not members, may only
have this privilege upon payment of such sum as the Board of Directors may appoint, the
amount being previously announced in their Fair bills. No one but the real owner shall ex
hibit any thing for competition. The Fairs shall be held in or near the town of Bowling-
green, and be under the control of the Board of Directors.

Article IX. — Award of Prizes. At all the Fairs and Exhibitions of this Association,
the premiums and prizes shall be awarded by committees or judges, appointed by the Board
of Directors. They shall be given for such articles only, as shall have been sufficiently pub-
lished beforehand, as admissable to competition. The award of the committee shall be final.

Article X — By L\ws. The Boird of Directors shill hive power to make aay By-Liwsfor
the regulation of the business of the Association, and to form any general regulations for
the exhibition of Fairs, they may deem to be necessary, not inconsistent with the Constitu
tion.

Article XI. — Fairs. 1. There shall be held by this Association, one regular annual Fair,
the expenses of which shall be defrayed out of the regular fund of the Association. 2. Oc-
casional Fairs may be held, at the option and under the management of the Board of Direc-
tors, provided the expenses be provided for without touching the regular fund of the Associa-
tion.

Article XII. — Chance of Constitution. This Constitution may be changed, altered or
amended, only at an annual meeting, by a vote of two thirds of the members present.

BY-LAWS.

Quorums. At an annual meeting, the members present, shall be a quorum of the Associa-
tion for business. At a called meeting, at least twenty members must be present to do busi-
ness. At meetings of the Board of Directors Jive shall be necessary to transact business.

President. The President of the Association shall preside, when present, at all meetings
of the Board and of the Association. In his absence, the Vice Presidents, in the order of
their appointment, shall preside. In the absence of all these officers, any member of the As-
sociation may be called to preside at its meetings, and any member of the Board at its sit-
tings.

Secretary. 1. The Secretary shall keep an accurate record of the proceedings of the As-
sociation, at its annual and its called meetings; as also of those of the Board of Directors,
and shall, upon request of the Board or its presiding officer, furnish copies of any portion
thereof.

2. All the records, documents, reports and other papers of the Association, except such as
pertain to the office of Treasurer, shall be securely kept by him; and shall at all times be
open to the inspection of aDy member of the B^ard of Directors.

3. He shall register jn a book to be kept for the purpose, the name of every member of
the Association.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 207

4. He shall give timely notice of the time and place of all meetings of the Association,
and of the Board of Directors.

5. He shall, at every Fair, enroll the name, under its appropriate department, of every per-
son competing for a premium; and the article exhibited therefor; and in the same book, shall
record the decision of the judges.

6. He may be removed at any time, by a vote of a majority of the whole Board.

7. He shall deliver to his successor, all the records, documents and other property of the
Association in his possession.

8. He shall receive for his services such remuneration as the Board of Directors shall
judge to be proper.

9. He shall collect all moneys due the Association, and pay them over to the Treasurer,
taking his receipt therefor.

Treasurer. I. All the money of the Association shall be committed to his safe keeping,
and shall be paid out and accounted for according to the order of the Boar i.

2. He shall keep an accurate account of all receipts and disbursements, and shall, at least
once a year, and oftener if required, settle his accounts with the Board. This settlement to
be submitted to the Board at its annual meetings

3. He shall deliver to his successor in office, all the books, moneys and papers of the As-
sociation in his possession. He may be removed at any time by vote of a majority of the
whole Board.

4. He shall receive such remuneration for his services as the Board may judge to be
proper.

General Regulations. 1. No member shall withdraw his membership, short of the five
years, except by consent of the Board; and no one in arrears with his annual subscription
shall compete for a premium.

2. The Board may expel any member from the Association for rude, disorderly or ungen-
tlemanly behavior, at any of the Fairs or Meetings of the Association.

3. Intoxicating drinks shall not be sold or drank upon the grounds of the Fair, during ex-
hibitions.

4. The Board shall appoint such subordinate officers as, in its judgment, may be needed
to preserve order during a Fair.

5. Every article or animal upon the grounds of the Fair, shall, during the continuance of
exhibition, be under the control of the Board.

6. No loose or unbroke animal shall be admitted into, or remain upon the open grounds of
the Fair, during the exhibition, except by consent of the Board.

7. Nothing shall be admitted to compete, unless the intention or wish to do so be made
known to the Secretary by nine o'clock, A. M., of the day of its exhibition.

8. No animal that has taken a premium from this Association, after its maturity, and no
inanimate article that has once taken a premium, shall afterwards compete for one.

9. When but a single article is exhibited for prizes, under any one of our classifications, no
premuium shall be awarded unless the judges shall be of opinion that such article is posssess-
ed of such marked excellence as to deserve the distinction.

10. Pedigrees, with the names and ages of animals exhibited for premiums if used at all,
must be handed to the Secretary before the exhibition, but shall not be made known to oth-
ers until after the award.

11. No one shall act as judge, if related to the parties exhibiting.

12. Judges shall be appointed by the Board, at least two months previous to the Fair, and
notified of their appointment by the Secretary.

13- The decision of the judges shall be announced, when made, by affixing to the article
successfully competing, a bow of blue ribbon, and by proclamation.

14. The Board shall annually appoint some person to deliver, during the Fair, an address,
connected with the objects of the Association.

208 REPORT OF THE

15. Articles exhibited for premiums, must be exhibited by numbers, of which the Secretary
shall keep a register.

16. The owner of stock shall hand to the groom a memorandum of the age the animal to
be exhibited, to be by him presented to the judges when the exhibition is to be mide.

17. The President shall, immediately after each Fair, make a report to the Board of all
premiums awarded, to be by them published, if deemed expedient.

18. Members of the Association shall have the privilege of entering the Fair Grounds at
all exhibitions, without the payment of admittance fees. The evidence of this right to gate-
keepers shall be the ticket of the Secretary. This privilege, however, shall not be enjoyed
if the member be in arrears to the Association.

V.i. Persons not members, shall be charged for competing for premiums as follows:

For a premium of $5 and less, $2 00

For a premium of over $5, 5 00

20. All premiums of five dollars and upwards shall be paid in plate. All under five dollars,
in gold coin, or the articles specified in the bill.

21. All indications of ownership are to be rigidly excluded from articles competing for pre-
miums.

22. Sales at auction, for the benefit of those who may desire to dispose of their articles or
stock, will be made daily at the amphitheatre, during the recess for dinner. Those wishing
an auctioneer, will make it known to the Secretary.

23. Competition at our Fairs shall be open to all the world .

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

KENTUCKY STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY,

FOR 1857.

THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY, IN 1857.

Though, in consequence of the great drouth in 1856, that year was
one of short crops and small profits to farmers, and though the winter
of 1856-7 was one of great severity, and though at the annual meet-
ing there was no Legislature in session to attract persons to the capi-
tal, still the attendance of members of the society was such as to de-
clare that a deep interest was still taken in its operation and future
success.

Many gentlemen of intelligence, wealth, and high character, were
present from various portions of the State, and renewing their mem-
bership took active and interested participation in the proceedings of
the society. All of its deliberations were conducted with the utmost
order and decorum, all the proceedings were pleasant and harmonious,
and all seemed united for the promotion of the greatest interests of a
common country. It was at once a happy occasion for the obliteration
of past animosities, for the formation of future acquaintance, and for
the re-union of long tried friends. When the vote for final adjourn-
ment was taken, it was not without regret from many that a separation
should come so soon.

The annual meeting of the "Kentucky State Agricultural Society"
convened at Frankfort on Wednesday, January 14th, 1857, organizing
at the State Capitol, in the Representatives' Hall. At 10 o'clock, a. m.,
Brutus J. Clay, Esu., President, took the chair, and proceeded to ad-
dress the society as follows :

14 (209)

210 REPORT OF THE

PRESIDENT CLAY'S ADDRESS.

Gentlemen: I congratulate you upon again meeting you at Frankfort, the Capital of the
State, for the purpose of electing officers of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, to serve
the ensuing year, as provided for in the charter establishing said Society. This is an institu-
tion which it is most peculiarly the duty of the farmer and mechanic to cherish and support, to
build up and sustain. As the Society is not yet placed upon a firm and permanent basis, I
had hoped there would have been a very large attendance upon this occasion — an occasion so
important to the larming interest of the State. For, it must be remembered, that the appro-
priation made by the last Legislature will expire with the present year, and for the purpose
• of procuring additional appropriations for' iuture years, it is necessary for those for whose spe-
cial benefit this Society was established to take a lively part in its proceedings, and manifest
to the people the deep and abiding interest they have in its continuance. From my experience
in these matters, which is not a little, I regard it as perfectly futile to attempt to keep up this
Association without Legislative aid. Its migratory character will prevent a great many from
becoming permanent members. Its exhibitions will be held at distant and remote parts of
the State — too far for many to attend — and as many will withdraw their names in consequence
thereof, necessarily it will depend upon those near by for aid and support, which is a condition
too precarious and uncertain for its friends to embark in with confidence of its stability and
success.

It does seem to me, gentlemen, that the example set us, from the days of Washington to
the present time, ought to be sufficient to convince the most skeptical of the great advantages
to be derived from such associations. In our early history there was formed in the city of
Philadelphia an association for the purpose of aiding agriculture and increasing the agricul-
tural productions of the United States, by the very patriots of the Revolution. The Colonies
at that time, (now the United States,) with a population of three millions of people, had just
emerged Irom a seven years' war with one of the most powerful nations of the world— Great
Britain — with a population of over thirty millions. After a successful struggle, peace was
made in I7r3. Notwithstanding the finances of the country were exhausted, and individual
fortunes wrecked and nearly destroyed by the constant drain for money to carry on that glori.
ous struggle for independence, yet these brave men, who had fought the battles of our inde-
pendence, not leaving it to individual enterprise, but again in two years banded themselves
together that their united means and efforts might serve the country, and add to its revenues
by increasing its agricultural productions. This association was formed in February, 1785,
and elected for its President Samuel Powell, of Philadelphia, who retained his position for
nearly twenty years, until his death, when a successor was elected. Enrolled among its mem-
bers were the names of Thomas Mifflin, George Clymer, Wm Rush, Humphrey Marshall,
Benjamin Franklin, Robirt Morris, Thomas Fitzsimons, James Wilson, Geo. Washington, and
Nathaniel Greene, and many other names which adorn the pages of history. The association
offered gold and silver medals as a reward of merit for the best treatise based upon experi-
ments of rotation of crops, so as to improve instead of exhausting the soil; the best plan to
recover old worn out fields within the reach of the common farmer; the best plan to cultivate
the various crops so as to produce the greatest yield per acre, such as Indian corn, wheat, rye,
oats, &.c, as well as the best domestic animals for the use of the farmer. Again, we see the
United States, through one of the departments of Government, the Patent Office, making large
yearly appropriations for the purchase of various cuttings and seeds of plants, and cereals
from foreign countries, as well as from distant parts of our own, for general distribution, to
ascertaiu in what locality the climate and soil will suit each, and produce the best return for
the labor of the farmer. But, gentlemen, the operations of the Patent Office Department are
slow and tedious, and extend over so vast a region, with various and different soils and climates,
that even with an equitable distribution, but small must be the benefit to accrue to Kentucky.
It is therefore necessary we should put our own shoulders to the wheel — attend to our own im-
mediate business — make our own experiments upon our own soil, upon a much larger scale

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 211

than we can possibly suppose the General Government will ever do for us, if we expect Ken-
tucky to take her position in the first rank of the great agricultural States of this Union.

Then there is the United States Agricultural Society, headed by a noble son of Massachu-
setts, holding on this very day in the city of Washington its annual meeting, which is dispens-
ing blessings through the Northern States by holding its annual exhibitions, and offering
rewards for the improvement of agriculture, and raising of better breeds of domestic animals.
Indeed, all, or nearly all, of the New England States have their State Agricultural Societies,
and Massachusetts in particular, which has more wealth, per capita, than any State in the
Union — hasher Board of Agriculture as a part and parcel of her government, by which her
Legislature collects and publishes for the benefit of her citizens all statistics and other matter
appertaining to agriculture; notwithstanding a large portion of her citizens are engaged in
manufactures and commerce, and probably send forth upon the broad ocean more ships and
sailors for the fisheries than any State in the Union. Then there is New York, the largest
State in the confederacy, now numbering three millions four hundred and seventy thousand
souls, more than all the Colonies united during the Revolutionary struggle. Within her bor-
ders lies the great city of New York, the emporium of America, having one of the finest har-
bors in the world, and engaged largely in commerce and manufactures. Yet her Legislature
has done more to foster and encourage the great interest of agriculture within her limits than
any State in the Union. She has probably the oldest agricultural society among the States, and
has not only liberally endowed that institution, but has gone one step farther — she has recently
erected in the city of Albany a large and spacious geological and agricultural hall, at a cost
of $40,000, and has appropriated &U),0d0 more lor a farm and agricultural college.

These facts, itseems to me, ought to convince every Kentuckian of the propriety of sustain-
ing this association. Now let us come a little nearer home : Here is the State of Ohio on our
northern border; she is a junior member of this confederacy, by ten years, than Kentucky.
Admitted into the Union in 1802, she has now a population of 2,215,750, and her property is
worth $860, 877, 354, according to the annual report of the Stcretary of the Treasury. Ken-
tucky has a population of 1,086,587, and her property is valued at $411,000,198. It will thus
be seen that Ohio has double the population and wealth of Kentucky, and is yet ten years the
younger State. She has her County and State Societies — one as an auxiliary to the other, and
all handsomely endowed out of the public treasury. She likewise hasher Agricultural Col-
lege now in successful operation in the city of Cleveland; thereby giving an impetus to agri-
culture by offeiing a collegiate education to the young farmer suitable to his calling.

The States of Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Iowa, Wisconsin, and Missouri are all making
rapid strides in husbandry, and all have State Agricultural Societies. Even the old States of
Virgiuia and South Carolina, suffering through bad culture until large tracts of country have
become barren and wastes, and a large portion of their citizens have emigrated to fill up the
new States West, are at last awakened up from their long sleep, and their neglect of proper
encouragement to the husbandman, and are now engaged in forming Agricultural Societies
with ample means to stimulate the tiller of the soil to regain, by good management, that which
they have lost, by bad. Last, though not least, California, but a few years a member of *he
Union, held her State Fair at San Jose last fall, and it is said the exhibition would have been
creditable to any of the older States.

What now is the position of Kentucky ? She was admitted into the Union in 1712 as a sov-
ereign and independent State, thereby dissolving the ties that botiud her to her old mother,
Virginia, and taking the reins of government in her own hands. It has now been a space of
sixty four years without a State Agricultural Society aided by her government, or any legisla-
tive act for the protection and encouragement of agricultuie, that I am aware of. This fact
published to the world, will it not make your cheek tinge with shame, and humbie a little your
Kentucky pride? I would not now mention it, if I were not speaking to Keutuckians. Ken-
tucky has advanced in power and wealth, it is true; but not with those rapid strides which
those sisters lying North of us have. There must be a cause for this. Are her people less en-
ergetic or enterprising? Is her soil les3 fertile than theirs? No, sirs; no. There are advan-

212 REPORT OF THE

tages which they have that do not belong to Kentucky. If you will cast your eye over the
map of the United States, you will see that we are bounded on the north, east, south and
south west by a tier of States either extending to the Great Lakes, the Atlantic Ocean, or the
Gulf of Mexico; thereby giving the advantages of foreign commerce, and of manufaciures, its
twin sister. Those on the Lakes seeking an outlet through the VVelland Canal and the St.
Lawrence river to the broad ocean. A ship may load at Chicago and deliver her cargo at Lon-
don or Liverpool. They likewise have the inland carrying trade from the E.ist, the great
centre of commerce, to the far Western States, enriching themselves by the tolls upon their
Canals and railroads. This Kentucky is cut off from competing for by the great barriers on
her Eastern borders, the Allegheny Mountains Kentucky, then, from her isolated position,
Is more peculiarly an agricultural State than any in the Union. She can have no ships, no
Bailors, no commerce, having no bays or harbors for the purpose. What, then, must she do to
employ and give sustenance to the million of inhabitants she now has within her borders?
She must pursue Agriculture, and agriculture alone. History teaches us that a fertile soil well
Cultivated is far preferable to mike a people wealthy and happy, to gold and silver mines with
a barren soil. Then, gentlemen, we have the elements of prosperity — we have a rich and fer-
tile soil, probably as good as (Jod ever gave. Let us direct our energies in the right way —
let as foster and sustain this Society and kindred associations. Let me entreat you to redouble
your exertions; talk one to another; convince the farmers of this Commonwealth that tilling
the soil is an honorable occupation, and the true road to wealth and happiness, and I will guar-
tee they will send members to the next Legislature willing to pass acts for the encouragement
and protection of the great interest of Kentucky.

From the benefit, resulting from our local and county societies, we have improved our stock
to such an extent, that we stand in the first rank of .States in that respect; as a proof of which
I will refer you to the written reports published through the northern papers of delegates from
various associations from the E ist to ours, in which they say, the State Exhibition at Paris
last fall, was the finest exhibiti n of cattle ever had in the United States, and as good as any
ever held in England, judging from the information of those who have attended like exhibi-
tions in that country. These delegates are themselves breeders of fine cattle, and if they
have any prejudice at all, it must be against this admission, and as to other fine stock, it is
universally admitted to have been very superior. It is necessary for the interest of Ken-
tucky that she should maintain the high stand she now occupies. We have a vast trade in
all kinds of live stock, at nigh prices. In the great West, there is a vast region to be filled
up with people, and be supplied with every description of stock for a long time to come.
Many States are competing with us for this trade. Kentucky must retain it, and by doing so
will add vrstly to the wealth of her citizens. We must have annual State Exhibitions, so as
to bring our fine stock prominently before the country, and add a stimulus to those engaged
In rearing it, by giving handsome premiums at our Fairs. I take for granted that whatever
adds to individual wealth adds to the aggregate wealth of the State — heuce all are benefitted.
We have a State government with ramifications. We have a certain amount of money to
raise to support that government The usual mode is to levy a certain per cent, upon the
whole to raise the amount required, and it follows, as a matter of course, that if the aggre-
gate wealth is greater our taxation is less, and if the wealth of the State is small, then our
taxes must be increased ; so we see each is benefitted, no matter whether he be rich or poor.

A few woids more in regard to the finances of the Society, and I am done. The receipts
Into the treasury, fiorn al! sources, as will be seen from the Treasurer's report, which will be
presented to you presently, are over $11,000. '1 he expendituies are very nearly the same
amount. There are probably a few outstanding claims unliquidated, for stationery, &c, but
we have plate on hand which was not distributed at our Fair as premiums, as was intended,
In some iustances money being given instead, and some other property, whose value is proba-
bly equal to all outstanding debts. We may therefore conclude we are not in dtbt. The
annual income of the Society is to be guessed at, to a great extent, and the officers are unablo
to determine, with anything like precision, to what extent they may carry their cxptiidituies,

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 213

bo as to be met by their receipts. The officers of the Society were anxious to make as large
and ample accommodation for their exhibition as their limited means would allow, to meet
the just expectations of the community. We were therefore compelled to make quite large
improvements in the groundi of the Bourbon Society, which had been so kind as to offer her
grounds and fixtures free of cost. Upon examination we deemed it necessary to make the
improvement we did to accommodate the crowd, which we expected to be much larger thaa
had been in the habit of attending the Exhibitions of that Association. We, however, sold
to that Society, after our Exhibition, all the improvements we put upon the grounds, at a
price we deemed reasonable and light.

In conclusion, gentlemen, let me urge upon you the importance in selecting your officers for
the next year, Of putting in working men — those who are not only capable but willing to spend
a little of their time, and money too, for the general good.

At the conclusion of the President's address, the Recording Secre-
tary and Treasurer being absent, A. G. Hodges and P. Swigert were
appointed to fill their places temporarily.

Mr. Mallory, of Oldham, offered the following resolution, which was
unanimously adopted, viz :

Resolved, That the thanks of this Association be tendered the Presi-
dent for the able and eloquent address delivered this morning, and
that a copy be furnished by him to the Secretary for publication.

Mr. R. W. Scott, the Corresponding Secretary of the Society, made
a report, which was, on motion, received and ordered to be spread
upon the minutes, and the thanks of the Society tendered him for the
faithful manner in which he has discharged the duties of Correspond-
ing Secretary during the past year. [CCP This paper may be found,
entire, on pages 66, 67, 68 and 69 of this report.]

Mr. Moore, of Jefferson, offered the following resolution, which was
adopted, viz :

Resolved, That Charles S. Brent, Win. G. Talbott, and R. W. Scott
be appointed a Committee to audit accounts of the Treasurer of this
Society, and report to the next Board of Directors, and that the report
be published, in full, in the Farm Journal.

On motion of Mr. O'Bannon, of Jefferson, the Society then proceeded
to the election of officers for the ensuing year, when the following
gentlemen were elected, viz :

President — Brutus J. Clay.

Vice Presidents — R. A. Alexander, of First District; J. A. Tomlin-
son, of Second District; A. J. Anderson, of Third District.

Directors — L. J. Bradford, of First District ; Lucius Desha, of First
District ; Harrison Thompson, of First District ; D. W. Jones, of Se-
cond District; J. R. Hughes, of Second District; Joseph A. Moore, of
Second District; John M. Sharp, of Third District; Wm. S. Elam, of
Third District; C. II. Powell, of Third District.

Mr. B. Gratz, of Lexington, moved the following resolution, which
was adopted, viz :

214 REPORT OF THE

Resolved, That the annual members be requested to pay their dues
to the Treasurer by the first Monday in May of each year.

Mr. Moore, of Jefferson, offered the following resolution, which was
adopted, viz :

Resolved, That delegates from all County Agricultural and Mechan-
ical Societies in Kentucky, be requested to meet in Frankfort, on the
first Tuesday in March next, to harmonize and fix the time for holding
the Fairs of the respective Societies.

Mr. Mallory, of Jefferson, offered the following resolutions, which
were adopted, viz :

Resolved, That the President and Board of Directors enquire into
the propriety of offering as premiums copies of " The Farm Journal, 1 ''
to as great an extent as they may deem it expedient.

Resolved, That the Directors of each of the County Agricultural and
Mechanical Societies in Kentucky, are hereby recommended and re-
quested to offer copies of " The Western Farm Journal," (the organ of
this Society,) as premiums, at their respective Fairs.

Capt. John Cunningham, of Bourbon, offered the following resolu-
tion, which was unanimousiy adopted, viz :

Resolved, That the thanks of this Society are due to, and are hereby
tendered Gov. Morehead, for the very able address delivered by him
at its first Annual Fair, at Paris, Ky.

Mr. R. W. Scott, of Franklin, offered the following resolution, which
was adopted, viz :

Resolved, That the respective County Agricultural and Mechanical
Societies in Kentucky, are hereby requested to cause to be delivered,
at each of their respective Fail's in the ensuing year, a public address
in favor of Legislative aid to agriculture, and especially in aid of the
Kentucky State Agricultural Society.

The Society then adjourned.

PROCEEDINGS OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS, FOR 1857.

The gentlemen who composed the Board for 1856 having discharg-
ed their arduous duties with fidelity and ability, it was thought best
by the Society to avail themselves of their experience by re-electing
a majority of them for 1858, and all of the officers which were elected
accepted the positions to which they were invited.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 215

Such of their proceedings as may be of interest to the members of
the Society, or to others, is given herewith.

At a meeting of the President and Directors of the Kentucky State
Agricultural Society at the Capital Hotel, on the evening of the 14th
January at 7 o'clock, the following gentlemen were present, viz:

B. J. Clay, President; J. A. Toinlinson, Vice President; Lucius
Desha, J. A. Moore, D. W. Jones, C. H. Powell, Directors.

The President announced that there was a quorum present, and that
the first business before the Board was the election of a Corresponding
Secretary, Recording Secretary, and a Treasurer.

R. W Scott, of Franklin, was re-elected Corresponding Secretary.

T. P. A. Bibb, of Frankfort, Recording Secretary.

James W. Tate, of Frankfort, Treasurer.

Mr. Desha, of Harrison, offered the following resolution, which was
adopted, viz:

Resolved, That the selection of the time and place of holding the next
Annual State Fair be postponed until the meeting of this Board on
the first Tuesday in March next, in the city of Frankfort.

R. W. Scott and A. G. Hodges were appointed a committee to ob-
tain the proper bonds from the Secretary and Treasurer, fur the faith-
ful discharge of their respective duties; and that said committee report
the bonds to the next meeting of this Board in March

Mr. Desha, of Harrison, offered the following resolution, which was
adopted, viz:

Resolved, That this Board will, as far as practicable, aid the publish-
ers of -'The Farm Journal," by introducing for the smaller premiums
handsomely bound copies of that work.

On motion, the Board adjourned to meet again on the first Tuesday
in March next, in the city of Frankfort.

MEETING OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS, MARCH, 1857.

At a meeting of the President and Directors of the Kentucky State
Agricultural Society, held in the Agricultural Room over the Executive
Office in Frankfort, in accordance with previous adjournment, on the
3d day of March, A. D. 1857, the tollowing officers were present, viz:

Brutus J. Clay, President; Lucius Desha, L. J. Bradford, Harrison
Thompson, Jos. A. Moore. Daniel W. Jones, John M. Sharp, W. S.
Elam, and J. R. Hughes, Directors, who, being a quorum, proceeded to
business.

216 REPORT OF THE

The committee appointed to take the bonds of the Treasurer and
Secretary, reported that the Secretary, T. P. A. Bibb, had executed
bond, with P. Swigert and R. H. Crittenden as sureties; and the
Treasurer, J. W. Tate, had given bond, with G. H. Jett and W. W.
Hawkins as sureties; which bonds had been delivered to the President
of the Society.

It was resolved that the Vice Presidents are not members of the
Board.

All persons present were allowed the privilege of making sugges-
tions as to the place of holding the next Annual Fair.

On ballot, Henderson was selected as the place, and the second Tues-
day in October, 1857, as the time of holding the next Annual Fair.

J. G. Hollovvay, G. M. Priest, J. D. Hatch, J. J. Towles, and W. A.
Towles, were appointed a committee to superintend the erection of all
appropriate buildings on the Fair Grounds of the Henderson, Hopkins
and Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association — the committee
to be under the superintendence of the President, and to comply with
his directions.

The committee appointed to examine the Treasurer's account, for
1856, reported that they had discharged that duty, and the same as
published on pages 63, 64, 65, and 66 of this Report, is correct, and
sustained by all the proper vouchers.

On motion, Robert W. Scott, T. P. A. Bibb, and James W. Tate were
appointed a committee to ask the General Assembly to purchase the
portrait of Daniel Boone.

On the suggestion of R. W. Scott, the following preamble and reso-
lution was adopted:

Whereas, the general success and prosperity of those engaged in
Agricultural pursuits at the present day would be greatly promoted by
higher intelligence and more thorough acquaintance with all the
branches of learning which relate to that profession; and, whereas,
many of the States of the Union have already endowed Agricultural
Schools and Colleges, and have established Model and Experimental
Farms at the public expense, greatly to the edification and improve-
ment of the farming population, and thereby greatly to the benefit of
the whole community. Therefore,

Resolved, That the next Legislature of Kentucky be and they are
hereby requested to take similar wise and liberal action on this sub-
ject, and that we respectfully recommend it to the favorable considera-
tion of the people of Kentucky.

On motion of Mr. J. M. Sharp, it was

Resolved, That the first premium, in class A, one year old, as con-
tended for by Mr. W. R. Estill, be awarded to him ex gratia, but this
award is not to be taken as a precedent, or in any ways weakening the
rule in such cases provided.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 217

Mr. D. W. Jones offered the following resolution, which was adopted:
Resolved, That the grateful acknowledgments of this Society are
hereby tendered to the Hon. J. J. Crittenden, of the United States
Senate, for his kind remembrance, evinced by sending numerous pack-
ages of seeds which have been distributed among the members of this
Society, and others.

On the suggestion of Mr. A. J. Anderson, Vice President, the follow-
ing preamble and resolution was adopted:

Whereas, the wanton destruction of small birds, of various kinds,
allows the increase of numerous insects which destroy the fruits and
crops of the farmer; and, whereas, the killing of animals and fowls,
known as game, is causing the rapid disappearance of the entire races.
Therefore,

. Resolved, That the next Legislature of Kentucky be and is hereby
requested to pass such laws as in their judgment shall be best calcu-
lated to remedy the evil complained of.

On motion of J. R. Hughes, it was

Resolved, That the newspapers of Frankfort and other places, which
have gratuitously published the notices and proceedings of this Socie-
ty, are entitled to the grateful recollection of all its members.

B. J. Clay, L. Desha, and R. W. Scott, were appointed a committee
to purchase the premiums for the next Fair.

B. J. Clay, L. Desha, R. W. Scott, and R. A. Alexander, were ap-
pointed a committee to arrange the Premium List for the next Fair,
for publication, and to transact all business necessary to carry on the
Fair of the Society at Henderson.

The following committee on Pedigrees of Stock, to be exhibited at
the next State Fair was appointed — J. Warren Grigsby, John Cunning-
ham, A. G. Bacon, Thos. Martin, an 1 H. W. Faris.

The Board then proceeded to adopt the following By-Laws.

OF THE OFFICE OF PRESIDENT.

1. At all meetings of the Society, or Board of Directors, the Presi-
dent shall exercise the usual duties of that office. All motions shall
be addressed to him, and upon every vote he shall declare the sense
of the meeting, and in the event of a tie, give the casting vote. He
shall have power to call special meetings of the Society, or Board, a
notice of which shall be published, at least ten days before the meet-
ing, by the Recording Secretary.

2. In the absence of the President, from any cause, from any meet-
ing, one of the Vice Presidents shall take the chair. If it so happens
that the President and Vice Presidents are all absent, the members
shall elect a President pro tempore.

OF THE CORRESPONDING SECRETARY.

1. He shall conduct the correspondence of the Society, and keep the
same, or such as may be of importance. He shall prepare and super-

218 REPORT OF THE

intend the publication of Reports of Fairs held, and also prepare the
Annual Report to the Annual Meeting of the Society, and shall pre-
pare the Keport to the biennial General Assembly of Kentucky.

2. He shall superintend and keep in order the Agricultural Room in
Frankfort, and take charge of all books, seeds, &c, and specimens to
the cabinet, and other contributions to the Society, and arrange the
same, and distribute such seeds and books as shall be intended for that
purpose.

THE RECORDING SECRETARY.

1. Shall attend the meetings of the Board and keep an accurate re-
cord of the proceedings of the Board and of the Society, and shall,
upon request of the Board, or of the presiding officer, furnish copies
of any portion of them.

2. All the records, documents and reports, and other papers of the
Society, except such as belong to the Corresponding Secretary and
Treasurer, shall be securely kept by him, and shall at all times be
open to the inspection of any member of the Board.

3. He shall register in a book, to be kept for that purpose, the name
of every member of the Society.

4. He shall give timely notice of the time and place of the meet-
ings of the Society, and also of the Board, whenever called meetings
are ordered.

5. He shall, at every Fair, enrol, under its appropriate department,
the name of every person competing for a premium, and the kind of
article exhibited therefor, and shall, in the same book, record the de-
cision of the Judges.

6. He may be removed at any time by a vote of a majority of the
Board.

7. He shall deliver to his successor all the records, documents, re-
ports and other papers and property of the Society in his possession.

THE TREASURER.

1. All the money of the Society shall be committed to his safe
keeping, and all money due to the Society shall be collected and ac-
counted for by him, and shall be paid out upon and according to the
orders of the presiding officer, countersigned by the Recording Sec-
retary.

2. He shall keep an accurate account of all receipts and disburse-
ments, and shall, at least once a year, and oftener if required, settle
his accounts with the Board — this settlement to be submitted to the
Society at its annual meeting.

3. He shall hand to his successor in office all the books, moneys,
and papers of the Society in his possession ; and he may be removed
at the pleasure of the Board.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

1. An Executive Committee shall be appointed annually by the
Board, to consist of not less than three nor more than five, whose duty
it shall be to make all the preparations for holding Fairs, to appoint

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 219

Marshals, Gate-Keepers, and such other subordinate officrs as they
may deem necessary.

2. They shall make a report of their proceedings, when required
by the Board ; and always after a Fair without special requirement.

MISCELLANEOUS.

1. A person desiring to become a member must do so ten days be-
fore the Fair.

2. A person not a member may compete for a premium by the pay-
ment of five dollars.

3. The sale of spirituous liquors, betting or gambling, on the Fair
Grounds, are positively prohibited.

The Treasurer was directed to place at interest the $5,000 appro-
priated by the State, when drawn from the Treasury.

Ordered, that the Treasurer pay B. J. Clay, account, $92 50, money
advanced by him to R. W. Scott, (and paid out for the Society.)

The Committee of Directors herein before appointed, were directed
to contract for the printing of the Premium List, as agreed upon.

A Premium List for the Annual Fair was agreed upon and ordered
to be printed.

The following Committee on Pedigrees, at the ensuing State Fair*
was appointed, viz : J. Warren Grigsby, John Cunningham, A. G»
Bacon, Thomas Martin, and H. W. Faris.

The Board authorized the Recording Secretary and Treasurer to ap-
point assistants at the Fair, if they deemed it necessary.

The Board then adjourned.

T. P. A. BIBB, Recording Secretary.

SEPTEMBER 1, 1857.

The Board of Directors met at the Merchants' Exchange, in the city
of Louisville. Present — B. J. Clay, J. R. Hughes, D. W. Jones, L. J.
Bradford, W. S. Elam, and H. Thompson.

Mr. Clay communicated to the Board the resignation of T. P. A.
Bibb, Recording Secretary, on the — day of August.

On motion and second, Robert W. Scott was appointed Recording
Secretary in place of T. P. A. Bibb, with authority to employ such as-
sistants as he may deem necessary.

On motion and second, committees were appointed to attend the
Ohio and Indiana and St. Louis Fairs.

The Treasurer was directed to send tickets of membership to all
persons who had paid the fees of membership for 1857.

220 REPORT OF THE

Entries for exhibition and consignments to the State Fair at Hender-
son, may be made with W. E. Milton, of Louisville, and consignments
to Allen & Bell, of Henderson.

On motion and second, it was unanimously agreed that the Board
offer the following premiums for Tobacco in May, 1858, viz :

Upon Cigar Tobacco, $50; upon Manufacturing Tobacco, $50; upon
Cutting Tobacco, $50; upon Shipping Tobacco, $50. All to be exhi-
bited by the producers, in Louisville, on the first Wednesda}' in May,
1858.

On motion and second, Messrs. L. J. Bradford, Jos. A. Moore, and
Chas. H. Powell, were appointed to select awarding committees, and
to designate the place in Louisville where said exhibition shall take
place.

On motion, the Board adjourned.

R. W. SCOTT, Rcc. Secretary.

MEETING OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS, AT HENDERSON,
October 13tk to 17th, 1857.

Present — B. J. Clay, H. Thompson, Lucius Desha, W. S. Elam, and
D. W. Jones.

Ordered, That the Secretary cause to be published and circulated
three hundred extra copies of the Western Farm Journal, which shall
contain the awards at the Second State Fair, and the Address of Hon.
L. W. Powell.

Ordered, That the salary of James W. Tate, Treasurer, be three
hundred dollars, and of Robert VV. Scott, as Recording Secretary, be
the same.

On motion and second, a preamble and resolutions of thanks to the
citizens of Henderson, the Henderson, Hopkins and Union Agricultu-
ral and Mechanical Association, &c, were unanimously adopted, and
directed to be published in the Henderson newspapers.

R. W. SCOTT, Rcc. Secretary.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

221

LIST OF PREMIUMS FOR THE SECOND STATE FAIR.

After a session of three or four days the Premium List for the Second
Fair was completed; and at the same meeting the Hon. L. W. Powell
was chosen to deliver the Annual Address.

The following List of Premiums, names of Judges, and Rules of the
Fair, were made out, and five thousand copies were published and dis-
tributed according to law:

Premiums and Awarding Committees of the Second Fair, held by the Ken-
tucky State Agricultural Society, on the Fair Grounds of the Union, Hop-
kins and Henderson Agricultural Society, at Henderson, Kentucky, begin
ning on Tuesday, October 13, 1857, and continued five days.

CLASS A.— CATTLE.

BULLS.

Four yenra old and upwards, first premium, $ 30 00

Four years old and upwards, second premium, • - - - - - - - 20 00 1

Three years old and under lour, first premium, - - - - - - - 25 00

Three years old and under four, second premium, - - - - - - 15 00

Two years old and under three, fi.st premium, - - - - - - - 20 00

Two years old and under three, second premium, - - - - • 10 00

Oue year old and under two, first premium, - - - - - - - 20 00

One year old and under two , second premium, - - - - - - - 15 00

Under one year old, first premium, - - - - 15 0Q

Under one year old, second premium, ......... IU 00

COWS AND HEIFERS.
Four years old and upwards, first premium,
Four years old and upwards, second premium,
Three years old and under tour, first premium,

Under one year old. first premium,
Under one year old, second premium

Judges
Wm. R. Duncan, Clarke county.
Sol. L Shatp, Washington county.
Chas. Canard, Bourbon county.
James Kinnard, Payette county.
John Wheelan, Boyle county.

HERD.
Best Bull and five Cows, over two years old, from any one heard.
Second best Bull and five Cows, over two years old, irons any one herd,

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Ball of any age,
Best Cow of anv a^e,

30 00
20 00
25 00

Three years old and under four, second premium, - - - - - - - 15 00

Two years old and under three, first premium, -
Two years old and under three, second premium,
One year old and under two, first premium.

20 00
111 00
20 00

One vear old and under two, second premium, - 15 00

15 00
10 00

Alternates.
Ben. Wartield, Fayette county.
Jos. VVasson, Fayette county.
Gibson Taylor, Union county.
Ben. Berry, Christian county.
Remus Payne, Scots county.

50 00
25 00

30 00
30 1)0

222

REPORT OP THE

Judges.
Wm. H. Wilson, Harrison county.
1 hos Cunningham, Bourbon county.
Arch. Wilson, Nelson county.
J. H. Gnff, Clarke county.
Dr. A. H. Wall, Mason county.

Alternates
Chas. Bright, Woodford county.
John Hall, Shelby county.
Rooert Stone, Madison county.
Dr. J C. Maxwell, Marion county.
J. G. Taylor, Henry county.

FAT CATTLE.

Fat Bullock, four years old and upwards, - -

Second best Fat Bullock, four years old and upwards, ......

Fat tree Martin or Spayed Heifer, four years old and upwards, ....

Second best Fat Free Martin or Spayed Heiler, four years old and upwards,

Bullock, Free Martin or Spayed Heiler, three years old and under four, -

Second best Bullock, Free Martin or Spayed Heifer, three years old and under four,

Bullock, Free Martin or cfpayed Heifer, two years old and under three,

Second best Bullock, Free Martin or Spayed Heifer, two years old and under three,

Bullock, Free Martiu or Spayed Heifer, one year old and under two,

Second best Bullock, Free Martin or Spayed Heifer, one year old and under two,

Fat Cow, o v er lour years old, --.--..-.

Second best fat Cow over four years old, ---------

WORK OXEN.
Yoke of Oxen for work, four years old and upwards, ......

Second best Yoke of Oxen for work, four years old and upwards, ' -

Yoke of Oxen for work, under four years old, ... ....

Second best Yoke of Oxen for work, under four years old, .....

MILCH COWS.

Best Milch Cow,
Second best Milcii Cow,

10 00

15 00

20 00

Judges.
Lewis Rhem, Jefferson county.
Ben. Sudduth, Clarke county.
Isaac Stone, Nelson county.
Nath F. Strange, Warren county.
Nelson Prewitt, Montgomery county.

Alternates .
Samuel Williams, Henderson county.
George Proctor, Union county.
Rice Dulin, Christian county.
I Shelby Todd, Shelby county.
Wm. Wood, Logan county.

AYRSHIRE AND HEREFORD. -BULLS.

Three years old and upwards, -
Second best three years old and upwards,
Two years old and under three,
Second best two years old and under three,
One year old, - ....

Second best one year old,

COWS AND HEIFERS.

Three years old and upwards, -
Second best three years oid and upwards,
Two years old and under three,
Second best two years old and under three,
One year old, -

Second best one year old,

Judges.
John B Coboill, Henderson.
William Bell, Owensboro.
J. P. Gay, Winchester.
John Fee, Augusta.
Josiah Chenault, Richmond.

20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00
5 00

20 00
111 00
15 00
10 00
10 00
5 00

Judges.
Jeremiah Duncan, Raris.
William Bethet, Elizabethtown.
Robert Alves, Henderson.
Thomas Hatfield, Franklin.
Alfred Johnson, Murray.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

223

CLASS B.— SHEEP.

LONG WOOL SHEEP.
Buck over two years old, ......

Second best Buck over two years old,

Buck under two years old, ------

Second best Buck under two years old, -

Ewe over two years old, -------

Second best Ewe over two years old, ....

Ewe under two years old, -

Second best Ewe under two years old, ....

15 00

10 00
10 00

5 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00

FAT SHEEP.

Five fat Sheep of any breed, - 15 00

Second best five fat Sheep of any breed, - 10 00

Judges.
Thos. R Brown, Springfield.
Jas. Kinslear, Dry Ridge, Grant county.
E. M. Covington, Bowlinggreen.

Alternates.
Nath. McUauiel, Winchester-
Sanders E*es, Sacramento, Muh. county.
W. M. Irvin, Danville.

MIDDLE WOOL SHEEP.
Buck over two years old, ........

Second best Buck over two years old, .......

Buck under two years old, - - - - - - - -

Second best Buck under two years old,

Ewe over two years old, ---------

Second best Ewe over i wo years old, ......

Ewe under two years old,

Second best Ewe under two years old,

Alternates .

15 00
10 (10
10 00

5 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00

Judges.
F. J. Gray, Cynthiana.
Joseph Miller, Hodgenville.
James Calloway, Eminence.

Wm. B. Woodruff, Henderson.
Wm. \. Bradshaw, Owensboro.
Eli McLean, South Union.

SAXON OR MERINO SHEEP.

Buck over two years 'old, 10 00

Second best Buck over two years old, ........500

Buck under two years old, -..•..--.'..- 10 00

Second best Buck under two years old, 5 00

Ewe over two years old, - - - - - - - - - - - 10 '

Second best Ewe over two years old, 5 00

Ewe under two years old, - - - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Second best Ewe under two years old, - ....... 5 00

Judges.
Jno. M. Wakefield, Glenville, Kentucky.
Jacob Vanmetre, Matteau, Illinois.
Jas. H. Diane, Eminence, Kentucky.

Alternates .
Wm. T. Barrett, Henderson.
L Churchill, Morgan field
Dr. Jno. King, Russellville.

CLASS C— HOGS.

BOARS.

Boar over two years old, ........... 15 00

Second best Boar over two years old, 10 00

Boar one year old and under iwo, - - 10 00

Second best Boar one year old and under two, ....... 5 00

Boar six months old and under one year, ....]() (10

Second best Boar six months old and under one year, 5 00

SOWS.

Sow over two years old, - - - - - - - - - - - 15 00

Second best Sow two years old, 10 00

Sow one year old and under two, 10 00

224

REPORT OF THE

Second best Sow one year old and under two, • - 5 00

Sow six months old and under one year, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Second best Sow six months old and under ono year, - • - - - - 5 00

Pair of Pigs under six months old, ----- 10 00

Second best pair of Pigs under six months old, ....... 5 00

FAT HOGS.

Five fat Hogs, 15 00

Second best live fat Hogs, 10 00

Judges. Alternates.

Charles Grundy, Springfield. Saml. Williams, Henderson.

Robt. Flo\d, Louisville. Harvey Gatevvood. Mt. Sterling.

Waller Chenault, Richmond. Miles Kelly, Bowlinggreen.

John Martin, Winchester. Edward Taylor, Louisville.

Thus. Lillard, Danville. Andrew Cheuault, Mt. Sterling.

CLASS D.— HORSES.

THOROUGH BRED HORSES.
Stallion, four years old and upwards, ......... 25 00

Second best Stallion, four years old and upwards, - - - - - 15 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, - - - - - • - - 20 00

Second best stallion, three years old and under four, - - - ■ - 10 00

Stallion . two years old and under three, - - - - - - - - 15 00

Second best atallion, two years old and under three, - • - - - 10 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - 10 00

Second best Stallion, one year old under and two, - - - - - - - 5 00

Stallion, under one year old, - - r ........ . 10 00

Second Oesi stallion under one year old, - - - - - - - - 5 00

Mare," lour years old and upwards, - - - - - - - - 25 00

Second best Mare, lour yeais old and upwards, - - - - - - 15 00

Mate three years old and under lour, ......... 20 00

Second best Mure, three }ears old under four, - - - - • • 10 00

Mart-, two years old and under three, - - - - - - - - 15 00

Second bust Mare, two years old and under three, ..... . 10 00

Mare, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Second best Mare, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - 5 00

Mare, under one .year old, ........... 10 00

Second best Mare, under one year, - - - • - - - - - 5 00

*Agetl Mares not required to be breeders.

Juiti/es.
J. Warnui Gngsby, Danville.
David liuweii, Mt. Sterling.
James baseoui, Greenville.
S. 1 '. Diane, Eminence.
S. W. brents, bowlinggreen.

Alternates.
Saml. Steele, Frankfort.
George Payne, Morganfield.
B. R. Jenkins, Liberty.
Elias Dorsey, Louisville.
Wm. L. Sudduth, Sbarpsburg.

DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion, four years old and upwards, - - 25 00

Second best Stallion, four years old and upwards, - - - • - • - 15 00

Stallion, three )ears old and under lour, - - 20 00

Second best Stallion, three years old and under four, - - - - - - 10 00

Stalliou, two years' old aiud under three, ......... 15- 00

Second best Stallion, two yeaio old and under three, - - - • - - 10 00

Stallion, one .year old and under two, ......... 10 00

Second be»i Stallion, one year old and under two, 5 00

Stallion, under one year old, ---... . .... 10 00

Scoud beat Stallion, under one year old, ........ 5 00

Mare, lour years old and upwaids, - - • - - - - - - 25 00

Seconu best Mare, lour \ ears old and upwards, 15 00

Male, three }ears old and under lour, - - - - - - - - - 20 00

Second best Mare, three years old and under four, • • - - - - • 10 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

225

Mare, two years old and under three,

Second best Mare, two years old and under three,

Mare, one year old and under two, -

Second best Mare, one year old and under two,

Mare, under one year old, ....

Second best Mare, under one year old,

Judges.
Wm. Lancaster, Lebanon.
Wm. L. Tarkington, Danville.
Warren B. Rogers, Paris.
John Hall, Shelbyville.

Alternates.
John Giltner, Paris.
Maxwell Stevenson, Russellville.
Joshua Hopkins, Springfield.
Peter Funk, Louisville.

FINE HORSES FOR ALL WORK.

Stallion, four years old and upwards,

Second best Stallion, four years old and upwards,

Stallion, three years old and under four, -

Second best Stallion, three years old and under four,

Stallion, two years old and under three, -

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three,

Stallion, one year old and under two,

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two,

Stallion, under one year old,

Second best Stallion, under one year old,

Mare, four years old and upwards, -

Second best Mare, four years old and upwards,

Mare, three years old and under four,

Second best Mare, three years old and under four, -

Mare, two years old and under three,

Second best Mare, two years old and under three,

Mare, one year old and under two,

Second best Mare, one year old and under two,

Mare, under one year old,

Second best Mare, under one year old,.

Judges.
John Cunningham, Paris.
David Heath, Danville.
Robert Mallory, Lagrange.
William T. Hieronymous, Franklin.
Richard Bacon, Paducah.

Alternates.
John H. Wakefield, Glenville.
William S. Rogers, Paris.
John Funk, Henderson.
Elias Dorsey, Louisville.
David Dills, Cynthiana.

HARNESS HORSES.

Stallion, four years old and upwards,

Second best Stallion, four years old and upwards,

Stallion, three years old and under four, -

Second best Stallion, three years old and under four,

Stallion, two years old and under three, -

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three,

Stallion, one year old and under two,

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two, -

Stallion, under one year old,

Second best Stallion, under one year old, - - -

Mare, four years old and upwards, -

Second best Mare, four years old and upwards,

Mare, three years old and under four, -

Second best Mare, three years old and under four,

Mare, two years old and under three,

Second best Mare, two years old and under three,

Mare, one year old and under two, -

Second best Mare, one year old and under two,

Mare, under one year old, -

Second best Mare, under one year old,

Gelding, four years old and upwards,

Second best Gelding, four years old and upwards,

Gelding, three years old and under four,

Second best Gelding, three years and under four,

Gelding, two years old and under three, -

Second best Gelding, two vears old and under three,

15 '

15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00

25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00

25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 Off
10 00

5 00

226

REPORT OF THE

Pair of Match Horses,

Second best pair of Match Horses,

Pair of Match Mares,

Second best pair of Match Mares,

All animals over two years old, will be required to be exhibited in harness.

30 00
15 00
20 00
10 00

Judges.
Samuel B. Thomas, Elizabethtown,
S. J. McNairy, Greenville.
John S. Hoskins, Lancaster,
Dr. L. Powell, Louisville,
John S. Barlow, Glasgow.

Alternates.
W. R. Estill, Lexington.
Samuel Wing, Owensboro.
Martin Rucker ; Henderson.
John S. Williams, Mt. Sterling.
F. Lockett Hall, Owensboro.

SADDLE HORSES.

Stallion, four year old and upwards,

Second best Stallion, four years old and upwards,

Stallion, three years old and under four,

Second best Stallion, three years old and under four,

Stallion, two years old and under three, -

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three,

Stallion, one year old and under two,

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two,

Stallion, under one year old,

Second best Stallion, under one year old,

Mare, four years old and upwards, -

Second best Mare, four years old and upwards,

Mare, three years old and under four,

Second best Mare, three years old and under four, -

Mare, two years old and under three,

Second best Mare, two years old and under three,

Mare, one year old and under two, -

Second best Mare, one year old and under two,

Mare, under one year old,

Second best Mare,, under one year old,

Gelding, four years old and upwards, -

Second best Gelding, four years old and upwards,

Gelding, three years old and under four,

Second best Gelding, three years old and under four,

Gelding, two years old and under three, -

Second best Gelding, two years old and under three,

25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
25 00
15 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
10 00

5 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00

Judges.
John R. Jones, Bloomfield.
J. Taylor Bradford, Augusta.
Benjamin Covington, Bowlinggreen.
Dr- Broadnax, Pewee Valley.
Dr. P- Thompson, Henderson.

Alternates.
Dr. D. R. Haggard, Burk3ville.
Parker Craig, Lexington.
A. C. Barrow, Winchester.
Nicholas B. Bosley, Owensboro.
Stephen B. Brown, Springfield.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Stallion of any age, -
Mare of any age,

Judges.
W. S. Buford, Woodford county.
Jacob Embry, Fayette county.
Wm. Goddard, Kenton county.
James A Beasley, Garrard county.
Henry Giltner, Franklin county.

25 00
25 00

Alternates.
A. M. Rutledge, Hawkerville, Tenn.
J. Warren Grigsby, Lincoln county.
David Howell, Montgomery county.
S. T. Drane, Shelby county.
Wm. Ragland, Bath county.

CLASS E.— MULES.

Horse Mule, three vears old and upwards, $25 00

Second best Horse Mule, three years old and upwards, 15 00

Horse Mule, two years old and under three, 20 00

Second best Horse Mule, two years old and under three, 10 00

Horse Mule, one year old and under two, 15 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

227

Second best Horse Mule, one year old and under two,

Horse Mule, under one year,

Second best Horse Mule, under one year old, -

Mare Mule, three years old and upwards, -

Second best Mare Mule, three years old and upwards,

Mare Mule, two years old and under throe,

Second best Mare Mule, two years old and under three,

Mare Mule, one year old and under two, •

Second best Mare Mule, one year old and under two,

Mare Mule, un er one year old, ....

Second best Mare Mule, under one year old,

Five two year old Mules, ------

Second best five two year old Mules,

Pair of broke Mules, ------

Second best pair of broke Mules, -

Judges.
C. M. Gibbons, Augusta.
Silas Evans, Lexington.
James Spanlding, Springfield.
.Henry Smith, Dripping Spring.
J. D. Harbison, Suelbvville.

Alternates.
Ben Rodgers, Paris.
Jackson McLean, Henderson.

C. Price, Nioholasville.

D. S. Maxwell, Lebanon.
Wm. A. Meriwether, Louisville.

10 00
10 00

5 00
25 (10
15 00
20 ('0
10 00
15 00
10 00
10 00

5 00
25 CO
15 00
20 00
10 00

CLASS F.— ASSES.
JACKS.

Jack, four years old and upwards,

Second best Jack, four years old and upwards, -

Jack, three years old and under four, -

Second best Jack, three years old and under four,

Jack, two years old and under three, - - - -

Second best Jack, two years old and under three,

Jack, one year old and under two, - -

Second best Jack, one year old and under two, -

Jack, under one year old, - - - -

Second best Jack, under one year old,

JENNETS.

Jennet, four years old and upwards,

Second best jennet, four years old and upwards,

Jennet, three years old and under four,

Second best Jennet, three years old and under four, -

Jennet, two years old and under three,

Second best Jennet, two years old and under three, ■

Jennet, one year old and under two, -

Second be:-t Jennet, one year old and under two,

Jennet, under one year old, - - - - . -

Second best Jetmet, under one year old,

Judges.
Stephen C. brown, Springfield.
Ben. B. Groom, Winchester.
Lewis Castleman, Lexington.
Thomas McCreery, Yelvington.
Haml. Skyles, Buwlinggreeu.

Alternates.
Richard Pas tun, Lawrcnceburg.
Thomas H. Moore, Winchester.
Richard Dunville, Matiisoiiville.
George Shanklin, Nicholas ville.
Wilson Jones, Bloomtield.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Jack of any age,
Jennet of any age, -

Judges.
Thomas Green, Hopkinsville.
D. A. Knox, Danvil!e.
Harvev McElroy, Lebanon.
N.G.Tevis, Stanford.
William Lockett, Henderson.

Alternates.
Thomas Suher, Lancaster.
Wm. A. Moore, Midway.
John Payne, Georgetown.
Wm J. Moberly, Harrodsburg.
Mark R. Cockrill, Nashville, Tenn.

$25 00

15 00

2U 00

10 00

15 00

10 00

5 00

10 00

5 00

25 00

15 00

20 00

10 00

15 00

10 00

5 00

10 00

5 00

25 00
25 00

228

REPORT OF THE

CLASS G.— POULTRY.

Turkiea, pair,
Ducks, Muscovy, pair,
Ducks, Poland, pair,
Ducks, variety,
Geese, pair,

Chickens, Shanghai, pair,
Chickens, Coehinchina, pair,
Chickens, Dorking, pair,
Chickens, Brahma, pair, -
Chickens, Game, pair,
Chickens, variety of all kinds,

Judges.
John T. Gray, Louisville.
William P. Smith, Henderson.
Wm. T. Curry, Harrodsburg.

Judges.
Thomas Salter, Lancaster.
Grant Green, Henderson.

00
00
('0
00
Bfi
%
Ofl

oo
oo

2 Oo
5

GLASS H.— MECHANICAL.
CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, &o.

Close Carriage, two horse,
Open Carriage; two horse,
Open Gairiage, one horse,
Buggy,

Judges.
Clarke Bradlev, Louisville.
Willis G. Hughes, Morganfieid.
D. Woolfolk, Owensboro.

Set of Harness, double,

Set of Harness, single, ....

Saddle and Bridle,

Display of Harness for the farm,
Traveling Trunk,

Judges.
S. E. Ferran, Danville.
Wm. T. Barrett, Henderson.
P. Baird, Lexington.
J. S. Wynans, Bowlinggreen.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.
Portable Steam Engine for farm use,

* Reaping Machine,

* Mowing Machine,

•"Combined Reaper and Mower,

Threshing Machine,

Threshing Machine with Cleaner and.Separator,

Horse Power,

Portable Saw Mill for farm use,

Corn Cru-her, -

Corn Shelter,

Wheat Fan, -----

Clover Seed Hulling Machine,

Straw Cutter, -

Garden Engine and Tools, - -

Dynometer, .------...

Wagon, four horse, .........

Wagon, two horse,

Horse Cart, ..--..-...

Ox Cart,

Plow, two horse, for sod, .......

Plow, two horse, for stubble,

Plow, two horse, sub-80tl, - -

Plow, one horse,

Harrow,

Roller,
Cultivator,
Hay Rake,
Mowing Cradle,

15 00
15 00

10 00
10 00
10 00

20 00

30 00

20 00

10 00

5 00

10 00

5 00

10 00

5 00

10 00

5 00

3 00

*r or scale— see note ou opposite page.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

* Exhibitors of Reaping and Mowing Machines must enter them with T. P. A. Bibb. Re-
cording Secretary, at Frankfort, on or before the 1st of June, 1857. The trial of the Ma-
chines will take place near Henderson, Kentucky, under the auspices of the Judges. The
Committee are to make their decision according to the following Scale of Points:

REAPER SCALE.

A MACHINE PERFECT AT 300.

Number, -

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to

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Value of each point,

300

Names of competitors,

MOWING SCALE.

A MACHINE PERFECT AT 212.

Number,

—

>-.

-3

3 .£

3
O

2 £

— :

? -2

3J —

5
—

if £
— >.

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Value of point,

1016

70 | 9 20

212

300

212

550

Competitors,

All the implements on trial must be retained and exhibited at the Fair. The Executive
Committee will fix the time and place for trial, and have a notice published in the Farm Journ-
al and other papers, for thirty days previous to the trial. Each Machine will be required to reap-
at lease three acres, and mow at least two acres of grass. If any of the Judges are not present
when the trial comes off, the Executive Committee are to appoint Judges in their stead.

230

REPORT OF THE

Wheat Drill,

Corn Planter,

Coin stalk Cutter, - - -

Hay or Hemp Press,

Cattle Scales, ------

Garden Engine,

Mill for grinding Flour and Meal for family,
Portable Cider Press. -

Apparatus lor cooking food for stock,

3 00

nmp,

Bee Hive,
Farm Gate, plan,
Scraper,

Judges.
Alfred Preston, Winchester.
Mr Beatty, Henderson.
E. L. Davidson, Springfield.

Judges.
Wm. T. Barrett, Henderson.
John T. McCormick, Henderson.
Newton Craig, Georgetown.

CABINET, CARPENTER, AND COOPER WORK.

Wardrobe,
Be<lstead,
Dressing Bureau,
Sofa, ' -

Chairs, half dozen, -

Split bottom Chairs, half dozen,

Willow Chair, . - - -

Willow Basket,

Set of Cottage Furniture,

Work Table, - - - -

Mnntel piece, - - - -

Door Pattern, -

Set of Edge Tools, -

Set of Planes, -

Refrigerator, -

Meat Safe, ....

Water Cooler, -

Churn, •

Cream Freezer,

Tight Ban el for liquids or meats,

Flour Barrel,

Laird Keg, -

Butter Firkin, - - - -

Judges.
David Berry, Union county.
Wm. H. Walker, Oldham county.
J. C. Girard, Bowlinggreen.

Judges.
F. Cunningham, Henderson.
Alfred Boyd, Paducah.

SILVER AND OTHER WARE.

Display of Silver Ware,
Display of Copper Ware,
Display of Tin Ware,
Display of Stone Pottery,
Display nf Stone Cutting

Specimen of Book Printing

Display of Book Binding, -

Display of Printing, Letter, and other papers,

Display of Glass Ware, -

Judges.
A. B. Barrett. Henderson.
Edgar Needham, Louisville.
David Nevin, Louisville.

Judges.
G. W. McDonald, Covington.
Finis E. McLean, Elkton.

5 no
5 00
3 00
3 00
2 00

Ox Yoke,

Best and most numerous variety of Agricultural Implements, manufactured in Ken-
tucky, by the exhibitor or under his supervision — material, workmanship, utility,
durability and price to be considered, - - - - - - - - -20 00

Best set of Garden Tools, as above, 5 00

5 00
5 HO
5 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
2 00
5 00

3 00
3 00
3 00

2 00

3 00
2 00
2 00
2 00

10 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
5 00

Mantel of Kentuckv Marble, 10 00

5 00

- 5 00

10 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

281

IRON AND IRON CASTINGS.

Bar Iron, - -

Hoop Iron, - - -

Rod Iron,

Keg of Nails, - - . -

Specimen of Hollow Ware,

Solid Casting,'

Fancy Casting,

Cooking Range or Stove,

Parlor Stove,

Grate, -

Judges.
J. C. Mason, Bath county.
Isaac Hill man, Cadiz.
George Ainslee, Louisville.

Judges.
William Lampton, Carter county.
J. Whitman, Shepherdsville.

5 00
5 00
5 00
3 00
3 00
3 00
3 00
5 00
3 00
3 00

GUNS, &c.

Rifle, ....
Doable-Barreled Shot Gun,
Fishing Tackle,

Judges.
Robert T. Glass, Henderson.
J. B. Bibb, Frankfort.

Judges.
Joshua F. Bell, Danville.

HATS AND CAPS.

Silk Hat,

Fur Hat,

Wool Hat,

Straw or Chip Hat,

Cloth Cap,

Fur Cap,

Fancy Hat,

Judges.
C. Lyon, Madisonville.
W. S. Holloway, Henderson.
R. A. Spalding, Morganfield.

Judyes.
Leonard Edlin, Lebanon.
W. B. Tyler, Owensboro.

LEATHER, BOOTS AND SHOES.

Side of Sole Leather,
Side of Upper Leather,
Side of Harness Leather,
Side of Skirting Leather,
Half Dozen Calf Skins,
Half Dozen Dog Skins,
Half Dozen Hog Skins,
Half Dozen Sheep Skins,
Shoes, made by a Lady,.
Men's Boots,
Ladies' Boots,
Coarse Boots, -
Men's Shoes,
Child's Shoes,
Coarse Shoes, -

Judges.
S. S. Moore, Danville.
James Carroll, Heuderson.
J. C. Atkinson, Henderson.

Judges.
George Doniphan, Augusta.
J. M. Donaldson, Bowlinggreen.

5 00
5 00
5 00

3 00
3 00
1 00
1 00

1 00

2 00

3 00

2 00
2 00
2 00
2 00
2 00
2 00
2 00
2 00

2 00

3 00

2 00

3 00
2 00
1 00
1 00

CLASS I.— DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

OF WOOL.

Fine Jeans, 10 yards, home made, 5 00

Fine Jeans. 10 yards, factory made, 5 00

Negro Jeans, 1U yards, home made, 3 00

Negro Jeans, 10 yards, factory made, 3 00

232

REPORT OF THE

Fulled Cloth, 10 yards,

White Linsey, 10 yards, home made,
Colored Linsey, 10 yards, home made,
Plaid Linsey, 10 yards, home made,
Plaid Linsey, 10 yards, factory made,
Flannel, 10 yards, factory made,
Flannel, 10 yards, home made, - -

Pair of Blankets, home made, -

Pair of Blankets, factory made,

Bedspread or Coverlet,

Carpet, not less than 10 yards, home made,
Rag Carpet, not less than 10 yards, home made,
Hearth Rug, home made, -

Woolen Shawl, '

Woolen Hose,

Woolen Half Hose,

Woolen Gloves or Mits, ....

Judges.
George W. Welch, Danville.
Samuel Wing, Owensboro.
Thomas Matthews, Maysville.

Judges.
John Cheatham, Henderson.
A. G. Bevil, Springfield.

OF COTTON.

Twilled Cotton Cloth, mixed, 10 yards,
Twilled Cotton Cloth, striped, 10 yards,
Twilled Cotton Cloth, white, 10 yards,
Plain Cotton Cloth, mixed, 10 yards,
Plain Cotton Cloth, striped, 10 yards,
Plain Cotton Cloth, white, 10 yards, -
Diapc

White Counterpane,
Cotton Hose,
Cotton Half Hose,
Cotton Gloves, -

Judges.
Robert W. Graham, Stanford.
George Smith, Louisville.
John A. Miller, Louisville.

Sewing Silk, three ounces, homemade,
Handkerchief, - - - - -

Judges.
Lucien Dallam, Henderson.
H. L. McElroy, Springfield.

OF SILK.

Cravat,
Vesting or Dress Goods,
Hose, home made,
Gloves or Mits,

Judges.
Lucien Dallam, Henderson.
Robert W. Graham, Stanford.
John A. Miller, Louisville.

Judges.
George Smith, Louisville.
H. L. McElroy, Springfield.

OF HEMP AND FLAX.
Linen Diaper, 10 yards, homemade, ....

Flax Linen, 10 yards, home-made, .....

Hemp Linen, 10 yards, home-made,

Tow Linen, 10 yards, home made,

Sewing Thread, 1 pound, homemade, bleached,
Sewing Thread, 1 pound, home-made, unbleached, -

Hemp Bagging, 50 yards,

Hemp Rope, 9 strand, 50 pounds,

Hemp Rope, 6 strand, 50 pounds,

Baling Twine, 50 pounds,

Judges.
Charles Humphreys, Washington.
John Jackson, Lexington.
Milton Young, Union county.

Judges.
William Orr, Augusta.
A. J. Haskins, Henderson.

3 On
3 00

3 00

5 00

00
00
00
00
00
00

3 00

3 00
2 00
2 00
5 00
2 00
1 00

2 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

233

NEEDLE WORK, &c.

Silk Patch-work Quilt, -

Silk Comfort,

Worsted Patch-work Quilt,

Worsted Comfort,

Calico Quilt, Patch work, - - - -

White Quilt, Solid work, -

Calico Comfort, .,-.---

Knit Counterpane,

Suit of Clothes made by a Tailor,

Jean3 Coat made by a Lady,

Vest made by a Lady, -

Linen Shirt, unstarched, made by a Lady,

Cotton Shirt, unstarched, made by a Lady,

Fancy Bonnet, ------

Silk Embroidery, best specimen,
Worsted Embroidery, best specimen,
Thread Embroidery, best specimen, -
Cotton English Work, best specimen,
Hem stitched Garment or Handkerchief, -

Knit Chair Tidy,

Onamental Shell work, best specimen,
Ornamental Wax Work, best specimen, -
Ornamental Hair Work, - - - -
Leather Work, best specimen, -
Sewing Machine, - - - -

Silk Embroidery, in colors, ■
Silk Embroidery, in one color, -
Worsted Embroidery, in flowers,
Worsted Embroidery, in landscape, -

Judges.
Miss Carrie Prewitt, Mt. Sterling.
Miss Sally Glass, Henderson.
Miss Ellen Wingate, Frankfort.
Col. John Moore, Winchester.
Wm. H. Hays, Winchester.

Judges.
Miss Adie McElroy, Lebanon.
Miss Mary Hopkins, Danville.
Landon A. Thomas, Frankfort.
Joseph Desha, Cynthiana.

TOBACCO, SALT, &c.

Box of Manufactured Tobacco,
Box of Cigars, - - -
Barrel of Salt, -
Box of Table Salt, -
Candles, Tallow, 20 pounds,
Caudles, Star, 20 pounds, -
Soap, 10 pounds, home made,
Starch, 5 pounds, home made,

Judges.
Joseph Doniphan, Augusta.
David Clarke, Henderson.
James H. Garrard, Danville.

Judges.
Wm. Watkins, Louisuille.
D. L. Board, Hardinsburg.

25 00

00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00

CLASS J.— FINE ARTS.

PAINTINGS.

Best specimen Portrait Painting, in oil, 10 00

Best specimen Animal Painting, in oil, 5 00

Best specimen Animal Painting, in water colors, - 5 00

Best specimen Landscape in oil, 5 I'O

Best specimen Landscape in water colors, 5 00

Best specimen Cattle Drawing, 5 00

Best specimen Fruit Painting, 5 00

Best specimen Flower Painiing, 5 00

Best specimen Fancy Fainting, 5 00

Best specimen Grecian Painting, 5 00

Best specimen Monochromatic Painting, 5 00

234

REPORT OF THE

Best specimen Polychromatic Painting, 5 00

Best specimen Crayon Drawing 5 00

Best specimen India Ink Drawing, 3 00

Best specimen Pencil Drawing, -----------3 00

Display of IMguerrotypes, - 5 00

Display of Ambrotypes, 5 00

Display of Photographs, 5 00

Best specimen of Sculpture, 20 00

Drawing of the Henderson Fair Grounds, to be engraved and published in the Annu-
al Report, - - - 10 00

Judges.
W. D. Gallagher, Pewee Valley.
Hichard Hawes, Paris.

Judges.
Ben Gratz, Lexington.
Wm. McClain, Henderson.
John B. Huston, Winchester.

DESIGNS.

Design of a Country Residence, not to cost over $2,000,

Design of a Country Residence, not to cost over $1,000, ------

Design of buildings, &c, for a County Agricultural Society, not to C09t over $8,(H)0,

Design of Barn,

Design of Carriage House and Stable,

Design of Dairy House,

Design of Poultry House,

Design of Smoke House,

Design of lee House,

Design of Dry House,

Designs must be accompanied with estimates of cost and specifications. Those to
premiums may be awarded will be engraved and published in the Annual Report. To
habited at the State Fair, and to be passed upon by the State Board of Agriculture.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.
Pianos,

10 00

5 00

which

be ex-

Judges.'
E. W. Gunter, Louisville.
J. R. Underwood, Bowlinggreen.
J. L. O'Neil, Shelbyville.

Judges.
David Hughes, Russellville.
H. G. S. Whipple, Louisville.

10 00

CLASS K.— PRODUCTS OF THE SOIL.

GRAINS.

Bushel of Wheat,
Bushel of Oats,
Bushel of Rye,
Bushel of Barley,
Buckwheat,

Fifty ears Corn for Bread,
Fifty ears Corn for Stock, -
Bushel of Clover Seed,
Bushel of Hemp Seed,
Bushel of Timothy Seed, -
Bushel of Blue Grass Seed,
Largest Pumpkins, -

Judges.
E. W. Wortham, Henderson.
E. D. Hobbs, Jefferson.
James H. G. Bush, Winchester.

Judges.
Samuel Corn, Mt. Sterling.
Robert Morris, Hopkiusville.

HEMP AND FLAX.
Hemp, Water rotted, one hundred pounds,
Hemp, Dew rotted, one hundred pounds, -
Flax, twenty pounds,

Judges.
C. J. Sanders, Hemp Agent, Lexington.
Ed. Oldham, Fayette.
A. J. Shryock, Woodford.

Judges.
Thos. Barbour, Danville.
Garrett Watts, Fayette.

2-00
2 00
2 00

10 00
5 00
5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

235

TOBACCO.

Leaf Sample, ten pounds, 25 00

Leaf Shipping, ten pounds, -.25 00

Leaf Manufacturing, ten pounds, 25 00

Leaf Cigar, ten pounds, 25 00

To be exhibited at State Fair by the Producer.

Judges.
D. R. Burbank, Henderson.
Robert Lewis, Dover.
A. K. McGoodwin, Bowlinggreen.

Judges.
Gen. White, Hopkins county.
James Norris, Germantown.

GARDEN.

Irish Potatoes, one Bushel,

Irish Potatoes, display of varieties, ■

Sweet Potatoes, one Bushel,

Sweet Potatoes, display of varieties,

Cabbage, six heads,

Tomatoes, one Peck, - -

Celery, six bunches,

Turnips for Table, one Peck, -

Parsnips, one Peck,

Salsify, one Peck, -

Onions, one Peck, •

Carrots, one Peck, ■

Beets for table, one Peck,

Lima Beans, half Peck,

Bunch Beans, half Peck,

Pepper, half Peck, -

Water Melons, half dozen,

Musk Melons, half dozen,

Squashes, half dozen,

Judges.
W. Hollysmith, Mt. Sterling.
Dr. T. J. Johnson, Henderson.
Dr. Thos. Robinson, Winchester.

Judges.
T. S. Bryan, Hopkinsville.
T. S. Marr, Scott county.

ORCHARD.

Display of Fall Apples,

Display of Winter Apples,

Display of greatest variety, -

Best Apple,

Largest Apple,

Display of Cling Peaches,

Display of Free Peaches, -■-...

Display of greatest variety,

Best Peach,

Plums, one dozen, ,- -

Plums, greatest variety,

Quinces, one dozen,

Display of Fall Pears,

Display of Winter Pears,

Display of greatest variety, -

Best Pear,

Grapes, Catawba, Basket, - - - - -

Grapes, Isabella, Basket,

Grapes, display of greatest variety, -

Grapes, display of greatest variety, under glass,

Monthly Raspberries, one quart, •

Judges.
James Hutch?raft, Paris.
Arthur Peter, Louisville.
Wm. Rankin, Henderson.

Judges.
J. W. Leathers, Covington.
C. L. Thomas, Augusta.
Ed. Hughes, Danville.

FLOWERS.

Display of Green House flowers in pots, &.C.,
Roses, twenty-four best varieties,
Dahlias, twelve dissimilar blossoms,

00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00

CO
00
00
00
00
00
00'

2 00

5 00

2 00

2.00

2 00

10 00
5 00
2 00

236

REPORT OF THE

Dahlias, greatest variety,

Phloxes, six varieties, ......

Verbenas, six varieties,

Verbenas, greatest variety,

Cut flowers, greatest variety, -
Hand Bouquet of Hardy Flowers — two specimens, -
Hand Bouquet, Green House Flowers, two specimens,
Floral Design of Living Flowers, ....

Judges.
Mrs. J. M. Bradford, Augusta.
Mrs. Ben. Spalding, Lebanon.
Mrs. J. W. Crockett, Henderson.
Mrs Eugene Bibb, Russellville.
Mrs. E. P. Humphrey, Danville.

Judges .
Mrs. Austin Pea, Jefferson county.
Mrs. B. J. Clay, Paris.
Mrs. Sol. L. Sharp, Springfield.
Mrs. Robt. Prewitt, Fayette county.
Mrs. J. L. Johnson, Owensboro.

2 00
2 00
2 00
2 00
2 00
2 00

2 00

3 00

CLASS L.— FAMILY PRODUCTS.
DAIRY.

Butter, five pounds,

Cheese, ten pounds one year old,

Cheese, ten pounds under one year old,

Honey, five pounds,

Maple Sugar, ten pounds,

Preserves, three kinds,

Pickles, three kinds,

Jellies, three kinds, ...

Preserved Fruit in cans, -

Judges. -
John Raine, Louisville.
Sam. Stedman, Louisville.

Judges.
S. W. Varnum, Stanford.

PANTRY.

Pound Cake, ... -

White Cake,

Fruit Cake, ....-•-...
Sponge Cake, ----------

Confectionery Assorted,

Loaf of Wheat Bread,

Loaf of Corn Bread,

Two Hams, (one of them boiled or baked,) -

Dried Beef,

Lard, ten pounds, - -

Kentucky Wine, (six bottles of each kind, Catawba, Isabella, &c.,)
Cider, six bottles, --....-..
Barrel of Flour, .........

Barrel of Flour,

Judges to be selected during the Fair.

2 00

3 00

2 00

Diploma.

3 00

2 00

CLASS M.— AGRICULTURAL LITERATURE.

ESSAYS.

On breeding Horses, 20 00

Second best on Breeding Horses, 10 00

On Feeding Cattle, 20 00

Second best on Feeding Cattle, 10 00

Judges.
W. D. Gallagher, Peewee Valley.
John S. Seaton, Louisville.
A. C. Dickinson, Bowlinggreen.

Sudges.
Noble Butler, Louisville.
Alfred Pollock, Germantown.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

237

On Crops or Staples of any kind,

Second best on Crops or Staples of any kind, - - - -

On the cultivation of a Crop or Staple of any kind,

Second best on the Cultivation of a Crop or Staple of any kind,

Judges.
Albert Covington, Warren county.
Jacob Hughes, Fayette county.
Robert S. Taylor, Clarke county.

On Soils, Coal, Salt, Iron and Stone, each,

Second best on Soils, Coal, Salt, Iron and Stone, each,

Judges.
Isaac Clarke, McCracken county.
Alex. Julian, Franklin county.

Judges.
W. Montgomery, Lincoln.
John P. Bruce, Pulaski.

Judges.
John B. Huston, Clarke county.
John D. Morris, Christian.
John G. Holloway, Henderson.

On the Cultivation of Fruits and Fruit Trees in Kentucky,

Second best on the Cultivation of Fruits and Fruit Trees in Kentucky,

Judges.
A. V. Bedford, Bourbon.
J. F. Robinson, Scott.

Judges.
A. M. Brown, Paris.
H. P Byram, Louisville.
F. Jones, Clarke.

On the use and assistance of Mechanics to Agriculture, -
Second best on the use aad assistance of Mechanics to Agriculture,
On the use and assistance of Mechanics to Commerce,
Second best on the use and assistance of Mechanics to Commerce,

Judges.
Edward Oldham, Fayette county.
Joseph Brown, Nelson county.
Edgar Needham, Louisville.

Judges.
Daniel Yieser, Boyle county.
John Neet, Woodford county,

On Agriculture as connected with Common Schools,
Second best on Agriculture as connected with Common Schools,
On Agriculture as connected with Collegiate Education,
Second best as connected with Collegiate Education.

Judges.
D. C. Proctor, Franklin county.
Prof. Dodd, Lexington.

20 00
10 00

20 00
10 00
20 00
10 00

Judges.
R. J. Breckinridge, Danville.
P. S. Fall, Frankfort.
R. T. Dillard, Fayette county. j

The Essays to be placed in the hands of the Recording Secretary, on or before the first day
of the State Fair.

NATURAL MINERALS.
Best suit of useful minerals in Kentucky, including:

Coals. Soils.

Iron Ores. Salt Waters.

Limestones. Potter's Clays.

Marbles. Fire Clays.

Sandstones. Burr Stones.

Marls. Gypsum.

Peats.
Best suit of crystalized Minerals of Kentucky.
Best suit of Fossils of Kentucky.

Best suit of the Vegetable Kingdom, including the woods and most useful plant3 of Kentucky-
Best suit of the Animal Kingdom, including insects and animals injurious to the farmer.

Such awards as the Board may deem best, will be made on the recommendation of the Judg-
es. Those to which premiums may be awarded, will be deposited in the rooms of the State
Board in the Executive Office, at Frankfort.

Judges.
David D. Owen, Indiana.
Ashbel Welsh, New Jersey.
James M. Safl'ord, Lebanon, Tenn.

Judges.
Robert Peter, Lexington, Kentucky.
Joseph G. Norwood, Illinois.

238 REPORT OF THE

ORDER OF EXHIBITION.

First Day — Cattle, Sheep, and Hogs.

Second Day — Blood and Draft Horses.

Third Day — Fine Horses and Mules.

Fourth Day — Harness Horses and Poultry.

Fifth Day — Saddle Horses, Sweepstakes, and Asses. «

All stock must be entered by half past 8 o'clock of the day of exhibition.

Each day's exhibition will commence precisely at 9 o'clock — the stock to be brought into
the amphitheatre in the order of the premium list.

The awards of the Judges will be announced as soon as the decision is made.

All animals, to which premiums shall be awarded, will be required to remain on the grounds
until the close of the Fair.

All articles must be entered before the commencement of the Fair, and placed in the ap-
propriate halls for exhibition, to remain in charge of the Superintendents, until the close of
the Fair.

The halls will be open after the first day, for the admission of visitors.

Premiums will be paid on the last day.

The Annual Address will be delivered at 12 o'clock on the second day by Ex-Go v. L. W.
Powell.

REGULATIONS.

1. Each member and his family shall have free admission to the Fair Grounds, the right to
exhibit stock or other articles, for which premiums may be offered, and shall be entitled to re-
ceive a copy of published proceedings, lists of premiums, prize essays, &c, which may be
printed by the Society, free of cost.

2. Persons desiring to become members, must do so ten days before the Fair.

3. Any person not a member may compete for premiums on the payment of five dollars,
which will also entitle him and his family to admission to the grounds.

4. Books for entry of stock and articles, will be open ten days before the Fair; and exhibi
tors of articles must make all their entries before the commencement of the Fair.

5. All stock and articles must be entered by the owners.

6. Exhibitors will be particular to enter their stock in the proper class.

7. The hal's for the reception of articles, will be open the day before the Fair.

8. All articles must be entered and labelled before received by the Superintendent of the

halls.

9. Judges of stock are requested to report themselves at the business office, on the grounds,
by half past 8 o'clock, of the day on which they are to act in that capacity. Judges of articles
are requested to report themselves during the first day of the Fair.

10. All Judges or Alternates will be entitled to receive a ticket of admission to the grounds

11. No person who is an exhibitor can act as judge in the class in which he exhibits.

12. When the Judges of stock have agreed upon their award, in each class, they will re-
port to the Marshals, who shall proclaim the names of the persons entitled to premiums, and
furnish the names to the Secretary in person.

13. The Judges of articles will be required to furnish the Secretary a list of their awards.

14. The President, Vice Presidents, or one of the Directors, shall attend each Awarding
Committee, in viewing the different classes of stock and articles.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 239

15. No person, other than the Judges, will be permitted to go into the riDg where stock is
exhibiting, except the officers of the Society and Marshals.

16. The gate of the Amphitheatre will be closed in ten minutes after the call by the Mar-
shal for each class of stock.

17. No stock will be permitted to enter the ring unless under halter, and in care of a groom,
except mules.

18. Exhibitors will place in the hands of the groom, a card, containing the age of all ani-
mals under four years old.

19. Exhibitors of Blood Horses will be required to deposit with the Secretary, an authentic
pedigree of each animal during the first day of the Fair.

20. No animal will be permitted to enter but one class, except in the herd and sweepstakes.

21. No person will be permitted to enter the ring to show his own stock, and in violation of
the rule, will forfeit the premium: Provided, That this rule is not to be construed as prohibit-
ing any one from driving his harness or riding his saddle horse.

22. If any person shall make known to the Judges his ownership of stock, or the pedigree
thereof, he shall not be entitled to a premium on said stock.

23. The premiums, except for the products of the farm and garden, are open to the world.

24. No Stallion, Mare, Bull, Cow, Jack or Jennet, four years old, shall be permitted to
compete for a premium, unless it has proven itself a breeder.

25. No premium will be awarded to any animal or article, unless the Judges shall deem
such worthy of it.

26. The owner of every animal to which a premium shall be awarded, will be required to
deliver to the Secretary, in writing, its name, age and pedigree, as far as kiuwn, before the
delivery of the premium.

27. Discretionary premiums may be awarded, upon the recommendation of the Judges, by
the Board.

28. Premiums will be paid in silver plate, coin, or books.

29. Provender for stock will be furnished on the grounds, to exhibitors, at actual cost.

30. All premiums must be called for within ten days after the Fair, or they will be consid-
ered forfeited to the Society.

31. No articles can be entered and received after the commencement of the Fair.

PRICES OF ADMISSION.

Offices will be open in the town of Henderson for the sale of tickets.

No money received at the gates.

The charges for admission to the grounds as follows :

Each person on foot, $ 25

Each person on horse, 35

Buggies, 75

Carriages, -------- ..... 100

Omnibus, per day, 5 00

Hack, per day, 3 00

The owner of each omnibus or hack will be required to pay twenty five cents for each pas-
senger cariied into the grounds.

The members of the Henderson, Hopkins, and Union Agricultural Society, will be admitted
on the presentation of the tickets of that Society, at the grounds, but will stand upon the
same footing as other persons not members of the Society, as to exhibition of stock and ar-
ticles.

240

REPORT OF THE

EXHIBITION OF TOBACCO FOR PREMIUMS.

The Kentucky State Agricultural Society will give the following Premiums on Tobacco, to
be exhibited at the Pickett Tobacco Ware House, (Spratt & Harper, Proprietors,) in Louis-
ville, Ky.,onthe 3rd Wednesday in May, 1858, at 10 o'clock, A. M.

Best Leaf, Cutting, one Hogshead, by producer,

$100

Judges.
S. W. Wing, Owensboro', Ky.
David H. Clark, Henderson, Ky.
K. A. Smith, Hart county, Ky.
Chas. MeMoran, Louisville, Ky.
F. S. J. Ronald, Louisville, Ky.

Judges.
Wm. Watkins, i^ouisville, Ky.
Jno. A. Dunlop, Louisville, Ky.
Rich. J. Usher, Louisville, Ky.
S.Newman, Louisville, Ky.
G. W. Toleman, Brooksville, Ky.

Best Leaf, Manufacturing, one Hogshead,, by producer,

$100

Judges.
Jno. P. Campbell, Hopkii sville, Ky.
A. J. Farran, Christian county, Ky.
Dr. David King, Logan county, Ky.
R. Calvin, Campbellsville, Ky.
James G. Page, Barren county, Ky.

Judges.
J. Gibson Taylor, Daviess county, Ky.
Thomas E. Puckett, Woodbury, Ky.
J. T. Edmunds, Louisvilie, Ky.
E. Holbrook, Louisville, Ky.
T. P. Nash, Louisville, Ky.

Best Leaf, Shipping, one Hogshead, by producer,

$100

Judges.
Hon. Archie D4xon, Henderson, Ky.
Col. L. J. Bradford, Augusta, Ky.
J. K. McGoodwin, Bowlinggreen, Ky.
Dr. D. G. Tuck, Christian county, Ky.
Col. James Buckner, Hopkiusville, Ky.

Judges.
Dr. Daul. P. White, Greensburg, Ky.
N. Long, Logan county, Ky.
Dr. Thomas Gales, Calhoon county, Ky.
Thomas Quigley, Louisville, Ky.
John Smidt, Louisville, Ky.

Best Leaf, Cigar, one Hogshead, by producer,

$100

Judges.
L. Tabb, Dover, Ky.
Maj. R. Ware, Bracken county, Ky.
J. E. French, Minerva, Ky.
A. H. Pollock, Germantown, Ky.
J. P. Chalfant, Augusta, Ky.

Judges.
W. Baldwin, Maysville, Ky.
Wm. Mussleman, Louisville Ky.
Jos. Peterson, Louisville, Ky .
R. Burge, Louisville, Ky.
D. Spaulding, Jr., Louisville, Ky.

Messrs. Spratt & Harper will receive and store all tobacco intended for this exhibition, free
of charge. Entries can be made by addressing Wm. E. Milton, Assistant Secretary, Louis-
ville, Kentucky, before the day of exhibition:

The gentlemen whose names are designated as judges will each receive a copy of this notice,
and they are respectfully requested to act without further notification.

B. J. CLAY, President.
Attest: R. W. Scott, Secretary.
November, 1857.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 241

THE SECOND FAIR OF THE KENTUCKY STATE AGRICULTURAL

SOCIETY.

This pleasant and successful occasion came off at the Fair Grounds of the Henderson, Hop-
kins and Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association, according to appointment, October
13th to 17th. The grounds are pleasantly situated about three miles from Henderson, and em-
brace about twenty acres — a large part of which is well set with beautiful and thrifty young
forest trees, all inclosed by a substantial plank fence, with three convenient entrance gates.
The amphitheatre is about the size of that near Louisville, and will seat about fifteen thousand
persons. A tasteful cottage for ladies; a large open hall for machinery and implements; a
large and tasteful hall for the display of finer fabrics, flowers, fruits, &c, together with all ap
prop'iate offices, at once commodious and roomy, had been prepared by the local Society and
placed under the control and use of the State Society, without charge or expense.

The most of the officers of the Society were on the ground the day before the Fair, inspect-
ing the preparations and arrangements which had been made by the Executive Committee, all
of which were of the most complete and satisfactory character.

The attendance of people from day to day was variously estimated at from ten to twenty-
five thousand, which was very good when it is considered that the river was low, and no rail-
road was near. The most open hearted hospitality prevailed, both in the town and adjoining
country. The most bountiful and sumptuous dinners for all in attendance were hospitably
spread on the grounds each day, and the best order and decorum prevailed at all times. No
disagreeable occurrence took place during the Fair, and the utmost cordiality and good feel-
ing prevailed among all in attendance. Religious sectarianism and political partisanism were
alike forgotten, and all was hospitable, harmonious, pleasant, and profitable.

The exhibition of cattle, horses, and other stock was highly creditable, both as to number
and quality, especially considering that the Fair was out of the chief stock section of the State,
and that the low stage of the river did not admit transportation. The cavalcades of premium
animals filled the large area of the amphitheatre to its full capacity on two several occasions.
The whole exhibition of stock was carefully and attentively observed by the large crowd of
respectable and intelligent ladies and gentlemen, all admiring what they saw, and all animated
for future improvement. Over $20,000 worth of fine stock was brought and left in the county
as one of the fruits of the exhibition.

The Mechanics' Hall was well filled with a great variety of implements and machinery,
much of which had never been in use or on exhibition in this part of the State before. Two
portable steam engines were on exhibition and in operation, giving life and motion to the
scene. The careful inspection which was given from day to day, by the farmers, of this de
partment, was a sure indication of its salutary effects; and the use of new and improved im-
plements and machinery received an impulse which will never be lost or forgotten.

In the hall for exhibition of finer fabrics, fruits, flowers, &c, a large exhibition was not to
be expected, remote from a large city, and in the midst of a rural population. But still there
were not wanting many beautiful and creditable specimens of skill and industry, of the needle,
the pencil, and the brush; while the wheel and the loom also made their contributions in the
ladies' department.

This is a farming region, and tobacco and corn are their great productions, and these wero
represented by numerous specimens of magnificent growth, and of the finest varieties. Other
products of the farm also were there, and among them a fine lot of spring barley, from seed
distributed from the Patent Office through the State Agricultural Society. Numerous geologi-
cal specimens were also on exhibition, among which were the rich specimens of coal and iron
from the mines in the adjacent country, some of which are of marvelous richness and value.
It)

242 REPORT OF THE

The garden, the orchard, the dairy, and the pantry, all had very respectable representatives
on exhibition at this hall; but it was chiefly at the sumptuous and hospitable dinner tables that
these articles appeared to the best advantage. There, presided over by the hospitable host,
and served under the superintendence of his elegant lady, in the richest style and most com-
fortable manner, they were discussed with the greatest zest, and received with the most cor-
dial gratitude. There idle formality was dispensed with; sectional, sectarian, and party feel-
ings were discarded, and we learned to be one united, harmonious, and happy people. If there
were no other benefits of the State Agricultural Society, these pleasant re unions would amply
repay all their expense and trouble.

It was after one of these occasions of good dinners and good humor that the fine band of
music convened the vast crowd to hear the address of Ex Governor Powell. Here was an ex-
ercise for the edification and improvement of man, the greatest of all animals, with moral and
intellectual cultivation, but the greatest of all brutes without them. What, then, could be
more appropriate than such an exercise on such an occasion? It was a masterly and elaborate
production, and was listened to with great attention, and is calculated to effect much good. It
is greatly to be regretted that the infirm health of the patriotic speaker did not permit him to
extend his voice to the remotest part of the crowd.

At the close of the last day, all the premiums which were awarded were conferred upon the
successful competitors, and premiums were never awarded on such an occasion with more uni-
form satisfaction. The agents and employees of the Society were all paid, and several hun-
dred dollars were left in the treasury, and several hundred dollars of silver premiums were left
over.

Although the exhibition was not very large for a State Fair, yet it was highly respectable in
all its departments; and in the main object of such an occasion, it was pre-eminently successful,
for it diffused among all who attended it a fine taste and strong feeling for improvement in
all respects, and every person, almost without an exception, went home highly pleased and
satisfied.

The Directors of the State Society, feeling conscious that they had done well with the small
appropriation heretofore intrusted to them, resolved to ask the next Legislature for some
amendments to their charter, and an appropriation of ten thousand dollars per annum; and
surely that sum could not be better applied.

NOTICES OF THE PRESS.

KENTUCKY STATE FAIR.

Henderson, October 13, 1857.
To the Editor of the Evansville Journal:

Dear Sir: The State Fair Grounds are situated a little more than one mile south of
Henderson, on Canoe Creek, and one third of a mile back from the Ohio. It contains twen-
ty seven acres of land, covered with Oak timber, affording fine shade. The Grounds are
those belonging to the Union, Hopkins, and Henderson Agricultural Society, who have spent
$5,000 this year in fitting them up, and $5,000 in addition have been applied from the State
Society's funds. The preparations, in the way of an amphitheatre, floral and power halls,
Btalls, and in every other respect, are quite equal, if not superior, to any other in the soutli or
west. The amphitheatre will seat from eight to ten thousand people, with ample accommoda-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 243

tions for the officers, judges, committees, invited guests; and the press is provided with an
apartment opening into the ring, so that the members of that "estate" have every opportunity
to make accurate observations of every passing event.

The officers of the Fair were early on the grounds, indefatigable in promoting the interests
of the exhibition.

The entries up to a late hour yesterday, were over six hundred, and gave favorable indica-
tions of as fine a show as on any other previous one of the Society, on the opening day. In
stock, the Exhibition bids fair to be unsurpassed — particularly in horses, horned cattle, and
hogs. At six o'clock last night every stall devoted to horned cattle, but six, were taken, and
entries were being made until a late hour in the night.

From present observations it seems unlikely that the exhibition of machinery will be very
large The low stage of water in the Ohio will prevent the shipping of many of the more
ponderous kinds, which usually attract much attention at the State Fairs. The lateness of
the season will cause a meagre show in the floral department; and in the horticultural the in-
dications are not very favorable, as the inhabitants of this region are more particularly noted
for the raising of live stock than for the culture of fruit. This delightful climate must, in
time, make it as distinguished in the latter respect as in the former, when public attention be-
comes directed in that way. It may be too early at this time to predicate an opinion as to the
genera! success of the Fair, but in some departments, the result of various causes, it will ne-
cessarily full short of its previous exhibitions, while in others it will perhaps reach the average
point in the measure of attraction.

The' location of the Fair at a point so distant from the center of the State — the low stage of
water in the Ohio — the want of railway facilities — and the satiety, to which the public must
be sensible, after the St. Louis, Louisville, Cincinnati, and the various local fairs of the State,
will, no doubt, derogate to some extent from the atti actions of the Henderson Fair, but will
be in some measure counter-balanced by the fact that its location for this year, affords oppor-
tunity to a large portion of country south of this point, which has been comparatively cut off
on previous occasions, as well as to a portion of Iudiana, which lies too remote from its capi-
tal to take an active participation in the exhibition of that State. It may be safe to express;
the opinion, at this early hour, that in numbers, in attendance, and in gross receipts, the Hen-
derson Fair is likely to prove equal to the anticipations of its friends. Respectfully,

J. R. S. B.
Fair Ground, Tuesday.

1 omitted to mention in the proper place, that there is a tasteful cottage in the center of the
grounds, for the convenience of ladies.

The supplies of water are from cisterns on the ground and water tanks supplied from the
river.

The conveyances from Henderson to the grounds are sufficient to-day for the wants of the
public.

The New Harmony Band is engaged for the occasion.

Mr Rice, of the Commercial, "does the agreeble" to the Press, which is, thus far, poorly
represented.

The sale of cattle, which took place at 2 o'clock, resulted in but one actual transfer of
stock, which passed hands at one half its real value.

KENTUCKY STATE FAIR.

Henderson, October 15, 185J.
To the Editor of the Eoansville Journal:

Dear Sir: 1 he fine weather of this morning invited a large crowd of people to the
Fair Ground. The steamers which came in during the night, brought in visitors from abroad,
while private conveyances of every description from the adjacent country swelled the number
in attendance to ten thousand people. At twelve o'clock, the amphitheater presented a brilliant
and animating spectacle. The bright faces ot six thousand ladies, with the gay colors in which
they were dressed, in contrast with the soberer costume of the other sex. rendered the scene
one of surpassing beauty

This being " horse day," and generally regarded as the best in the course, the exhibition of
that noble animal caused an unusal sensation in the vast crowd. It is conceded on all hands,
that the rin^ of fine stallions for all work, was such as is rarely witnessed on any similar occa-
sion. The high styles of all the animals in competition, made it a duty involving great dis-
crimination to decide upon superior merit. A brown mare, the property of Col Moore, of
Clarke county, and shown by Col. Kay, an accomplished horseman of Fayette, enlisted the ad-
miration of every eye, for her fine shape, power, action, color, temper, and blood. Though
she failed to take the " blue," for some cause known only to the awarding committee, she re-
ceived a complimentary prominence, which is regarded as a consideration almost equal to the
fi rst premium.

244 REPORT OF THE

The horse exhibition of this morning was in the highest degree satisfactory to owners and
Spectators. In this respect the confession is without difference of opinion, that the Henderson
Fair is equal to any previous one held in the State.

The mechanical and floral department have received accessions since yesterday. Though it
is generally conceded that Art Hall falls shortof whit it should be, there are in fie exhibition
many specimens of handiwork that have taken exceeding good taste and the most elaborate
pains in their creation. In the article of fine quilts, table and piano covers, in the qualities of
fabrics, and the blenling of colors, there is a beautiful showing; while in the exhibition of the
more useful range of domestic work there is a meager display inde d.

The dining time today, as before, presented one of the notable features of the occasion.
The invitations have been widely given and as widely accepted — and there has been a most
gratifying illustration of that Kentucky hospitality which has become so famous the world
Over. Doubtless it will be remembered by thousands who will not soon forget the bountiful-
Dfss of the provisions — the graciousness with which they were offered, and the universal gaiety
and good humor which prevailed.

At two o'clock the sale, as usual, was well attended. Carriages of various kinds were sold
at fair prices, in view of the pressure in monetary affairs. No stock was offered.

In systematic arrangements of all the various departments of the Henderson Fair — and for
the appointments necessary to the convenience of the public in every respect — great credit is
due to the excellent gentlemen who compose the board of officers of the Kentucky State Agri
cultural Society. Mr. Brutus J Clay, the President, and Mr. Robt. W. Scott, Corresponding
Secretary, whom it has been my pleasure to know personally, have given their undivided at-
tention to the interests of the exhibition.

At 3 o'clock a heavy shower passed over the Fair Grounds, which caused a temporory sus-
pension of the exercises of the ring. To morrow (Friday,) the order of exhibition is for
harness horses and poultry.

On Saturday — after the Fair under the Society's auspices is over — there will be a riding and
driving for a prize valued at $20, for each performance.

SECOND ANNUAL MEETING OF THE KENTUCKY STATE FAIR.
To the Editor of Ihe Hopkinsville Mercury:

Dear Sir: The largest, mo-t enthusiastic, and cheering session of agriculturists and
mechanics that ever as-embled in Southern Kentucky, has just adjourned, after a highly in-
teresting sitting of five days in this refined, gallant and hospitable city. The fine stock,
Bplendid horses and cattle, domestic manufactures, farm products, &c., inspired every Ken
tuckian with pride, and the heart whole hospitality and open welcome with which the courte
ous men and lovely women of Henderson received all the visitors, nobly sustained the repu-
tation of the "Old Kentucky homes" for peerless generosity and liberality. The crowd was
variously estimated at from ten to twelve thousand. Indiana, Illinois, Tennessee, and other
sister States all were well represented. Ex Governor Powell's opening address was a mas-
terly and eloquent effort, overflowing with patriotism, and brimful of that strong practical
sense for which he is so distinguished. The speech was worthy of the man and of the occa-
sion, and was enthusiastically appliuded.

The houses of the citizens were generally thrown open to visitors, and the most sumptuous en-
tertainments and lunches were provided by private individuals on the grounds for all who choose
to participate. One gentleman alone entertained three hundred persons in princely style. Fore
most among these hospitable entertainers was that stern old patriot, Hon. Archibild Dixon, of
whose lofty chivalry, gieat talent, and freehearted mini licence, but one opinion can be
held, whatever may be said of his political faith. But were I to name all whose memory is
cherished in our hearts for their many acts of kindness to us, your columns would fail for
want of space.

From the Henderson Commercial.
The State Fair which has just closed here has had at least one good effect. Much of the
fine stock on exhibition during the past week, has been retained in our midst to improve that
nf already have. A. J. Anderson, Esq., of this county, the most extensive cattle breeder in
Southern Kentucky, has purchased the fine herd of Durhams of Co'. John H. Mi ore, of CI like
county — the premium h^rd at the Fair over Mr. Anderson's own splendid stock. The cattle
are of undoubted pedigree and pure blood. Mr. Byrd Chambers and others have also pur-
chased at the sum of $"2,1101), the beautiful and splendid stallion, "Sir William" — the pre-
mium stallion in the sweepstake riug at the late Fair, iu which were twenty six entries, and

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 245

among thorn the celebrated "Paragon Morgan." Fie also took the premium in his own clas9,
and was awarded with the second fire maim at the last National Fair. Mr. Chambers has like-
wise bought the celebrated thoroughbred mare "Lizzie Wolfe," at the price of $550. We
understand that other gentlemen hive obtained the use of the famed "Paragon Morgan" for
several years at a high figure, with the intention of purchasing at some future time. Other
purchases have been made of other splendid stock on exhibition here. This disposition on the
part of the above named gentlemen and others to improve the stock of our county should meet
with the encouragement of all its citizens. We cannot do too much in this way. Upon
such enter prising gentlemen our agricultural prospects depend, and we hope to see them re-
warded.

Mr. Anderson has since sold the beautiful roan heifer, "Sallie Moore," and the equally
beautiful cow, "Lidy Moreland," to Messrs. William S. Elam and William T. Barrett He
has also sold to Hon. Archie Dixon, the fine yearling bull, "Tom Bright." Mr. Anderson
will retain "Helen Hockaday," one of the mo->t beautiful cows we have ever seen. His stock
is the finest in Southern Kentucky, and his efforts worthy of commendation.

There was one feature of the State Fair which should have been mentioned ere this. The
police arrangements were the most excellent we have ever seen — no Fair having ever been
conducted with more decorum and order. This is in a great measure due to the efficiency of
such gentlemen as James E. Feagan, William R. Lancaster and S. S. Vigus.

KENTUCKY STATE FAIR.

The correspondent of the Eoansville Journal, writing on October 14th, from Henderson,
Ky., of the State Fair, says :

" It is estimated that there were four thousand persons on the Fair Ground on Tuesd; y.
To day there is a decided increase in numbers, as well as interest. The earth having been
moistened with rain during the night, the travelling is good; and at an early hour in the morn-
ing the tide of people turned toward the Fair Ground. The number in attendance at \'i M.,
will reach near or quite ten thousand. The most observable feature in the crowd, is its or-
derly character — in fact, the entire absence of that kind of genteel rowdyism which seems to
take a kind of license on similar occasions. There is no drinking, consequently no hallooing
or quarrelling ; nothing to annoy the most fastidious taste."

From the Henderson Reporter.
KENTUCKY STATE FAIR.

The Fair was attended by a large number of people, hailing from all parts of Kentucky,
and even from neighboring and distant States. Everything in the power of the managers and
our citizens generally, was done to render the stay of the immense crowd in our city and a6
the Fair Grounds comfortable and pleas int. Ou the Fair Grounds the display was fine in
every department, and from the first day to the last, nothing of importance occurred to mar
the general good will among competitors and the people. The Implement Hall was filled with
magnificent specimens of horticultural and agricultural machinery, displaying great knowl-
edge in our inventors and handicraft in our mechanics The Floral Hall, (principally dedi-
cated to the ladies,) was the mo*t attractive hall on the spacious grounds, and within its com-
modious walls was an exceedingly nice display of fruits, flowers, various articles of the skill
of the ladies, and paintings and drawings of every description — the whole pleasant to the
eye and astonishing to the mind. The display of stock in the ring was large, and there were
many of the finest animals on exhibition we have even seen. Altogether, the State Fair at
Henderson was one long to be remembered, and highly creditable to the State.

The recent Fair was the most orderly and quiet we ever saw, when so many people were
collected together. Not a fight, nor even a quarrel occurred to mar the peace and quietude
that seemed to reign everywhere. This speaks well for our citizens and those who were in
atteudauce from a distance.

From the Fankfort Commonwealth.
KENTUCKY STATE FAIR.
The fair at Henderson has been all that its best friends could have expected. On Thursday
last it was estimated that there were 6,000 ladies in attendance, to say nothing of the gentle-
men present. The show of horse3 was particularly fine.

246 REPORT OF THE

To the Editor of the Commonwealth:

The second day of The State Fair at Henderson is nearly closed, and all is pleasant and
Successful thus far.

Of course neither the number of exhibitors or the number of visitors is so great as when
Such occasions occur near to large cities, and on the line of railroads; yet the Amphitheatre ia
well filled to day, and it is of the same size as that at Louisville.

There are entries of stock in all the rings, and all the classes, almost without exception; and
ihost of the rings are well filled with fine animals, both of imported and home raised stock.

In the Mechanics Hall, two steam engines give life and motion to a variety of useful ma-
chinery, both for the farmers and mechanics. Implements of all kinds are in abundance, and
rhanv of ihem of the finest workmanship.

In the Industrial and Floral Hall there is also a good exhibition in all the various classes in
that department, from a beautiful painting to a mammoth leaf of tobacco.

Upon the whole the exhibition and attendance are b >th larger and better than could reason-
ably have been expected, considering the low stage of navigation, and the remote location of
the Fair from the chief stock raising section of the State. The exhibition has demonstrated
that the stock of this section is better than had been generally expected, and that good stock is
also more numerous.

In the main object of the Society the Fair will be eminently successful. It is diffusing the
best and most extensive taste for improvement, both in stock and crops, and thus a new and
powerful, as well as most salutary impulse, will be given to Agricultural improvement.

Gov. Powell, though quite unwell for several days past, could not be detained from making
his address as announced The delivery of it occupied about one hour, during which he had
the careful attention of all who could get in hearing distance. There is but one expression in
regard to it. It was a most able and instructive address. He took high ground for the utility
and importance of Agriculture; and for its improvement and advancement in Kentucky. It
will be published in convenient form for circulation, and cannot fail to have a most salutary
effeet on the public sentiment and future prosperity of the State in connection with agricul-
tural improvement and education. The thanks of the Society, and of the whole community,
are justly due to Gov. Powell for this great effort of his superior talents.

In the order and decorum which prevail the Fair at Henderson exceeds any which I have at-
tended; and is excelled by none in hospitable and bountiful refreshment on the grounds, and
in polite and kind entertainment t the homes of the citizens.

As a specification of the extent of the exhibition, I will name that the grand cavalca e of
premium cattle, is just passing around the ring at the close of the day, and thirty head of cat-
tle are in the procession.

I write in haste and in a crowded hall, and amidst the din of mingled voices.

Yours, &c., A FARMER.

From the Western Recorder.
THE STATE AGRICULTURAL FATR.

Oh our return from the Bethel Association, we passed through Henderson, and in company
with our beloved and venerable friend, Father Bryce, spent a short time at the State Fair.
The display of stock was very creditable, although the low stage of water in the Ohio river,
doubtless, prevented the exhibition of many fine animals that would otherwise have been pre-
sent. A very good displav of agricultural implements was also observable. We were espe-
cially pleased with the specimens of needlework and embroidery that graced the ladie a' de-
partment of the Exhibition. In farm products the display, though limited in variety, fr« s, in
many respects, very commendable. Many thanks are due to the efficient officers of the Soci-
ety, not only for the superior character of the Exhibition as a whole, but also for the good
order and decorum which characterized the proceedings.

Discreetly managed, we have do doubt that such Exhibitions may be made greatly to pro-
mote the agricultural interests of our State. Injudiciously conducted they are sure to become
fertile sources of evil.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 247

AWARDS AT THE SECOND FAIR.

List of Premiums awarded at the Second Fair of the Kentucky
State Agricultural Society, held at Henderson, Kentucky, October
13th, 14th, 15th, 16th and 17th, 1857.

CLASS A.— CATTLE.

BULLS.

Four years and upward, three entries, S. Williams, Washington county, premium.

Three years and under four, one entry, A. B. Barrett, Henderson, (Lord Morpeth,) pre-
mium.

Two years and under three, three entries, A. J. Anderson, Henderson, (Exception,) first
premium; W. T. Barrett, Henderson, (Grave,) second premium.

One year and under two, five entries, J. T. Vance, Daviess county, (Ducie,) first premium:
S. Eaves, McLean county, second premium.

Under one year, six entries, A. B. Barrett, Henderson county, (Fisherman,) first premium;
Davidson & Brown, Washington county, second premium.

COWS.

Four years and upward, five entries, A. J. Anderson, Henderson, (Miss Luck,) first pre-
mium; W. S. Eiam, Henderson, (MUs Sophy,) second premium.

Three years and under four, four entries, J. H. Moore, Clarke county, (Rebecca,) first
premium; J. H. Moore, Clarke county, (Mary,) second premium.

Two and under three years, three entries, A. J. Anderson, Henderson county, (Red Lady,)
first premium; A. B.Barrett, Henderson county, (White,) second premium.

One and under two years, five entries, A. B Barrett, Henderson county, (Mariam,) first
premium; J. H. Moore, Clarke county, (Lady Jay,) second premium.

Under one year old, six entries, A. J. Anderson, Henderson, (White Lilly,) first premium;
W. A. Eades, Fayette, second premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.
Best Bull, eight entries, A. J. Anderson, Henderson, (Exception,) premium.
Best Cow, ten entries, A. J. Anderson, Henderson, (Miss Luck,) premium.

HERD.
Best Bull and five Cows, three entries, J. H. Moore, Clarke county, first premium; A. J
Anderson, Henderson, second premium.

FAT CATTLE.

Fat Bullo-k, four years and upwards, two entries, C. Proctor, Henderson, first premium;
H. Basket, Henderson, second premium.

Bullock, Free Martin, or Spayed Heifer, three years and under four, one entry, A. J. An."
derson, FJenderson, premium.

Fat Cow, over four years old, one entry, J. Alves, Henderson, premium.

Yoke Oxen, four years and upwards, three entries, James Alves, Henderson, first premium;
W. B. Woodruff, Henderson, second premium.

Yoke Oxen, under four years, one entry. W. S. Elam, Henderson, premium.

Milch Cow, two entries, F. Cunningham, Henderson, premium.

AYSHIRE AND HEREFORD.— BULLS.

Three years and upwards, two entries, J. J. Towles, Henderson, first premium; G. M.
Priest, Henderson, second premium.

One year old, three entries, G. M. Priest, Henderson, first premium: D. Banks, Henderson,
second premium.

COWS.

Three years and upwards, three entries, J. J. Towles, Henderson, first premium; J. W.
Alves, Henderson, second premium.

One year old, five entries, W. S. Elam, Henderson, first preminm; G. M. Priest, Hender-
son, second premium.

248 REPORT OF THE

CLASS B.— SHEEP.

LONG WOOL.— BUCK.

Over two years old, three entries, W. A. Eades, Fayette county, first premium; W. S.
Elam, Henderson county, second premium.

Under two years old, two entries, VV. Soaper, Henderson county, first premium; W. A.
Eades, Fayette county, second premium.

EWE.
Under two years, one entry, W. A. Soaper, Henderson, premium.
Five Fat Sheep, one entry, S. Williams, Henderson, premium.

MIDDLE WOOL SHEEP— BUCK.
Over two years old, five entries, W. A. Eades, Fayette county, first premium ; A. B. Bar-
rett, Henderson, second premium.

Under two years old, three entries, W. T. Barrett, Henderson, premium.

EWE.
Over two years old, three entries, A. B. Barrett, Henderson, first and second premiums.
Under two years old, five entries, W. T. Barrett, Henderson, premium.

CLASS C.— HOGS.
BOARS.

Over two years, three entries, J. Funk, Henderson, first premium ; E. P. Green, Hopkins
county, second premium.

One year and under two, two entries, W. T. Barrett, Henderson, first premium; W. S.
Elam, Henderson, second premium.

Six months old, two entries, G. S. Roberts, Henderson, first premium; W. S. Elam, Hen-
derson, second premium.

SOWS.

Over two years old, one entry, J. Rudy, flenderson, premium.

One and under two years, three entries, W. T. Barrett, Henderson, first and second pre-
miums.

Six months, one entry, W. S. Elam, Flenderson, premium.

Pair Pijrs, two entries, J. W. Alves, Henderson, first premium; W. S. Elam, Henderson, se-
cond premium.

Five lat Hogs, one entry, C. Sixty, Henderson, premium.

CLASS D.— THOROUGH BRED HORSES.

STALLIONS.

Four years old and upwards, five entries, G. S. Phillips, Daviess county, (Zinginnee,) first
premium ; C. Burnett, Indiana, (Rover,) second premium.

Under one year old, one entrj, George Payne, Union county, (Lecompte,) premium.

MARES.

Four years old and upward, four entries, W, Lockett, Henderson county, (Red Rose,) first
premium; E. Hathaway, Daviess county, (Queen,) second premium.

Three year3 and under four, two entries, W. J. Payne, Union county, (Brown Kitty,) first
premium; W. Mountcastle, Bourbon county, (Deliver,) second premium.

Under one year, two entries, E. Hathaway, Daviess county, (Twilight,) first premium ; J.
G. Burnett, Posey county, Indiana, second premium.

DRAFT HORSES.— STALLIONS.

Four years and upwards, one entry, T. S. Phillips, Daviess county, (Hoozier Boy,) pre-
mium.

Two years and under three, four entries, J. A. Moorman, Breckinridge county, first pre-
mium ; F. W. Posey, Henderson county, second premium.
Under one year old, one entry, J. M. Taylor, Henderson county, second premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 249

MARES.

Four years and upwards, three entries, F. Cunningham, Henderson county, (Rose,) first
premium; VV. T. Marshall, Henderson county, (Queen,) second premium.

Three years and under four, four entries, J. A. Moorman, Breckinridge county, second pre-
mium.

Two years and under three, two entries, B. Chambers, Heuderson county, first premium ; J.
D. Hatchett, Henderson county, second premium.

One year and under two, one entry; F. Cunningham, (Anna,) first premium.

FINE HORSES FOR ALL WORK.— STALLIONS.

Four years and upwards, seven entries, D. J. Smith; Clarke county, (Sir William,) first
premium; George Payne, Daviess county, second premium.

Three and under four years, one entry, F. M. Hewitt, Daviess county, (Black,) second pre-
mium.

Two and under three years, sis entries, E. Dorsey, Jefferson county, (Scott Morgan,) first
premium; G. Lilly, Henderson county, second premium.

One and under two years, one entry, G. B. Marshall, Henderson county, first premium.

Under one year old, two entries, B. S. Gibson, Henderson county, second premium; B.
Chambers, Henderson county, first premium.

MARES.

Four years and upwards, three entries, G S. Phillips, Daviess county, (Mary Murray,) first
premium; J. H. Moore, Clarke county, (Rowena,) second premium.

Three years and under four, one entry, G. Payne, Union county, (Sally Morgan,) first pre-
mium.

Two years and under three, three entries, E. Dorsey, Jefferson county, first premium; W. B.
McLean, Ohio county, second premium.

One and under two years, five entries, Geo. Payne, Union county, (Red Bird,) first premium;
J. H. Moore, Clarke county, (Belle.) second premium.

Under one year old, two entries, B. F. Gibson, Henderson county, first premium.

HARNESS HORSES.— STALLIONS.

Four years and upwards, five entries, J. W. Bailey, New Hampshire, (Paragon Morgan,) first
premium; G. IV . Lee, Daviess county, (Bute,) second premium.

Three years and under four, one entry, E. Dorsey, Jefferson county, (Morgan Prince,) pre-
mium.

Two years and under three, two entries, E. Dorsey, Jefferson couuty, first and second pre-
miums.

One year and under two, two entries, J. H. Moore, Clarke county, (Membrino Chief, Jr.,)
first premium; J. W. Onan, Daviess county, second premium.

Under one year old, three entries, W. J. Marshall, Henderson county, premium.

MARES.

Four years and upwards, four entries, E Dorsey, Jefferson county, (Mary,) first premium;
H. Hathaway, Daviess county, second premium.

Three years and under four, three entries, E. Dorsey, Jefferson county, (Julia Morgan.) first
premium; G. Payne, Union county, (Mary,) second premium.

Two years and under three, three entries, E. Dorsey, Jefferson county, first premium; W. H.
Norton, Jefferson county, second premium.

One year and under two, one entry, G. Payne, Union county, premium.

Under one year old, four entries, T. M. Hewitt, Daviess county, first premium; F.C.Denton,
Henderson county, second premium.

GELDINGS.

Four years and upwards, eleven entries, E. Dorsey, Jefferson county, first premium; J. S.
Gavitt, Evansville, Ind , second premium.

Three years and under four, three entries, J. F. Johnson, Union county, first premium; J. B.
Drewry, Union county, second premium.

Two years and under three, three entries, J. M. Willitt, Union county, first premium; A. W.
Haskins, Union county, second premium,

MATCHES.

Pair of Match Horses, seven entries, W. B. Woodruff, Henderson, first premium; Adams &
Miller, Henderson, second premium.

Pair of Match Mares, twelve entries, W. E. Milton, Louisville, (Sophy Ranney and Addie
Martin,) premium.

250 REPORT OF THE

SADDLE HORSES. -STALLIONS.

Four years and upwards, three entries, J. S. Jack=on, Christian county, (Rocky Mountain,)
first premium; H. W. Norton, Jefferson county, (Billie,) second premium.

Two years and under three, one entry, J. S. Haydon, Jefferson county, premium.

MARES.

Four years and upwards, seven entries, C. L. Phillips, Daviess county, (Mary,) first premium ;
G. Payne, Union county, second premium.

Three years and under four, three entries, J. A. Moorman, Breckinridge county, first premi-
um; Ft. S. Price, Daviess county, second premium.

Two years and under three, one entry, R. H. Alves, Henderson county, premium.

One year and under two, two entries, W. Woods, Jefferson county, premium.

GELDINGS.

Four years and upwards, five entries, W. S. Stone, Ohio county, first premium; G. S. Gavitt,
Evansville, Ind., second premium.

Three years and under four, one entry, G. Payne, Union county, premium.

Two years and under three, four entries, Dr. Boadnax, Oldham countv, first premium; H.
Hathaway, Daviess county, second premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Stallions, twenty four entries, J. D. Smith, Clarke county, (Sir William,) premium; J. H-
Moore, Clarke county, certificate.

Mares, twenty four entries, J. H. Moore, Clarke county, (Lizzie,) premium; W. E. Milton,
Louisville, certificate.

CLASS E.— MULES.

HORSE MULES.

Three years and- upwards, three entries, Mountcastle & Co., Bourbon county, first and second
premiums.

Two years and under three, four entries, J. Funk, Henderson county, first premium; Mount-
castle & Co , Bourbon, second premium.

One and under two years, two entries, S. Eaves, McLean county, first premium; A. Bould,
Daviess county, second premium.

Under one year old, two entries, J. S. Langley, Daviess county, first premium; S. A. Eades,
Daviess county, second premium.

MARE MULES.

Three years and upwards, five entries, E. S. Davidson, Springfield, first and second pre-
miums.

Two and under three years, three entries, Mountcastle &. Co., Bourbon, first and second
premiums

One and under two years, two entries, J. S. McCormack, Henderson, first premium; John
Walden, Henderson, second premium.

Under one year old, two entries. R. H. Hancoah, Union county, first premium; J. G. Lang-
ley, Union county, second premium.

Best five mules, two years, one entry, Mountcastle & Co., Bourbon county, premium.

Best pair btoke Mules, three entries, S. W. Langley, Henderson county, first premium; J.
Funk, Henderson, second premium.

CLASS F.— ASSES.

JACKS.

Four years and upwards, five entries, N. Devine, Shelby county, first premium; W. C.
Demmitt, Hopkins county, second premium.

Three and under four years old, two entries, H. W. McNary, Hopkins county, first pre-
mium; N. Devine, Shelby county, second premium.

Two and under three years old, two entries, N. Devine, Shelby county, first premium; J. R.
Woodward, Henderson county, second premium.

One and under two years old, tw-o entries, W. C. Demmitt, Hopkins county, first premium;
B. F. Gibson, Henderson county, second premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 251

JENNETS.

Two }-ears and under three, two entries, William Lockett, Henderson county, second pre-
mium.

One year aud under two, one entry, William Lockett, Henderson county, first premium.

SWEEPSTAKE JACKS.
Seven entries, W. C. Demmitt, Hopkins county, second premium.

CLASS G.— POULTRY.

Cochin China Chickens, one entry, T. Lockett, Henderson county, premium.
Brahma Chickens, five entries, G. L. Roberts, Henderson county, premium.
Game Chickens, one entry, W. T. Barrett, Henderson county, premium.
Variety Chickens, two entries, W. P. Smith, Henderson county, premium.
Pair Turkeys, one entry, W. P. Smith, Henderson county, premium.

CLASS H.

CARRIAGES AND BUGGIES.

Open Carriage, two horses, five entries, Serverson & Johnson, Louisville, premium.
Open Carriage, one horse, three entries, Serverson & Johnson, Louisville, premium.
Buggy, nine entries, John South, Henderson, premium.
Single set Harness, one entry, D. P. Lockett, Henderson, premium.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Portable Steam Engine, two entries, J. Lame, Henderson county, premium.

Reaping Machine, one entry, Miller, Wingate & Co., Louisville, premium.

Threshing Machine, one entry. Bate, Lambert & Co., Henderson, premium.

Horse Power, one entry, Bate, Lambert. & Co , Henderson, premium.

Corn Crusher, three entries, Hedges, Fiee & Co., Cincinnati, premium.

Corn Sheller, three entries, J. Latne, Henderson, premium.

Wheat Fan, three entries, J- McKim, Henderson, premium.

Straw Cutter, three entries, Peter & Buchanan, Louisville, premium.

Dynamometer, one entry, D. Warren & Co., Indiana, premium.

Four Horse Wagon, one entry, J. H. Lambert, Henderson, premium.

Two Horse Wagon, one entry, J. H. Lambert, Henderson, premium.

Two Horse Plow for sod, five entries, T. E. C. Brinley, Shelby county, premium.

Two Horse Plow for stubble, three entries, T. E. C. Brinley, Shelby county, premium.

One Horse Plow, five entries, Allen & Bell, Henderson, premium.

Cultivator, six entries, Allen & Bell, Henderson, premium.

Hay Rake, two entries, Allen & Bell, Henderson, premium.

Cider Press, three entries, J. Kendenkerger, Ohio, premium.

Set of Edge Tools, two entries, Bite, Lambert, & Co., Henderson, premium.

Set of Planes, two entries, G. A. Mayo & Son, Henderson, premium.

Refrigerator, two entries, Allen & Bell, Henderson, premium.

Water Cooler, two en'ries, Ladd, Jenkins, & Co., Henderson, premium.

Churn, two entries, Allen &, Bell, Henderson, premium.

Tin Ware, two entries, Ladd, Jenkins &. Co., Henderson, premium.

Book Binding, two entries, StuI Everhart, Henderson, premium.

Cooking Range or Stove, two entries, Ladd, Jenkins, & Co., Henderson, premium.

Parlor Stove, one entry, Ladd, Jenkins, & Co., Henderson, premium.

Gnn — Rifle, one entry, W. S. Holloway & Co., Henderson, premium.

HATS, CAPS, &c.
Silk Hat, one entry, W. J. Dallam, Henderson, premium.
Wool Hat, one entry, W. J. Dallam, Henderson, premium.
Fancy Hat, one entry, W. J. Dallam, Henderson, premium.
Men's Boots, one entry, W. J Dallam, Henderson, premium.
Coarse Boots, one entry, W J. Dallam, Henderson, premium.
Men's Shoes, one entry, W. J. Dallam, Henderson, premium.
Coarse Shoes, one entry, W. J. Dallam, Henderson, premium.

252 REPORT OF THE

CLASS I.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURE OF WOOL.
Fine home made Jeans, two entries, H. S. Fowley, Union county, premium.
Fine factory made Jeans, two enties, W. J. Dallam, Henderson, premium.
Fine home made negro Jeans, two entries, VV. J Dallam, Henderson, premium.
Fulled Cloth, one enry, VV. S. Hollowav, Henderson, premium.
Home made White Linsey, one entry, Mrs. VV. B. Woodruff, fLnderson, premium.
Plaid Linsey, factory made, three entries, W. S Hollowav, premium.
Factory made Flannel, four entries, F. D. Hart, Henderson, premium.
Pair Blankets, factory made, three entries, Mrs. E. W. Scott, Franklin, premium.
Bed Spread or Coverlet, five entries, Mrs. Lucy Snead, premium.
Hearth Bug, home made, two entries, Mrs. B. J.Clay, Bourbon, premium.
Woolen Half Hose, two entries, Mrs. W. B. Woodruff, Henderson, premium.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURE OF COTTON AND SILK.

Twilled Cotton Cloth, striped, one entry, S. Erdes, McLean county, premium.

White Cotton Counterpane, five entries, Mrs. M. S. Randolph, Henderson county, premium.

NEEDLE WORK.
Silk Quilt, patch work, six entries, Miss Coolridge, Nelson, premium.
Silk Comfort, one entry, Mrs. C. C. Mayo, Rnmsey, premium.
Worsted Quilt, patchwork, two entries, Mrs. M. Alves, Henderson, premium.
Worsted Comfort, one entry, Mrs B. J. Clay, Bourbon, premium.
Calico Quilt, patch work, eight entries, W. A. Pulliam, Lexington, premium.
White Quilt, solid work, four entries, Miss Mary Henderson, Henderson, premium.
Knit Counterpane, one entry, Mrs. Newton, Daviess county, premium.
Jeans Coat, one entry, Mrs. J. Moorman, Daviess county, premium.
Vest, two entries, Mrs. R. Ewing, Daviess county, premium.
Cotton Shirt, one entry, Mrs. R. Ewing, Daviess county, premium.
Fancy Bonnet, two entries, Mrs C. C. Henson, Daviess county, premium.
Silk Embroidery, four entries, Mrs B J. Clay, Bouroon, premium.
Silk Embroidery, in colors, one entry, Mrs. B. J. Clay, Bourbon, premium.
Worsted Embroidery, seven entries, Miss Martha Clay, Bourbon, premium.
Thread Embroidery, seven entries, Miss Coolridge, premium.
Silk Ei broidery, in one color, two entries, Mrs. B. J. Clay, Bourbon, premium.
Cotton English Work, six entries, Mrs. J. McComb, Henderson, premium.
Knit Chair Tidy, two entries, Miss Martha Clay, Bourbon, premium.
Sewing .Machine, two entries, Allen & Bell, Henderson, premium.
Worsted Embroidery, two entries, Miss Martha Clay, Bourbon, premium.

CLASS J.

PAINTINGS AND FINE ARTS.
Best specimen of Animal Painting, two entries. Miss Fuller, Henderson, premium.
Landscape, four entries, Miss Fuller, Henderson, premium.

Landscape, in water color, three entries, Miss Thompson, Clarke county, premium.
Fruit Painting, one entry, Miss Fuller, Henderson, premium.
Flower Painting, four entries, Miss Fuller, Henderson, pi eminm.
Fancy Painting, four entries, Miss Fuller, Henderson, premium.
Grecian Painting, four entries, Miss Rebecca E Scott, Franklin county, premium.
Monchromatic Painting, two entries, E. Rumsey, Henderson, premium.
Crayon Painting, four entries, Mrs M A. Towles, Heuderson, premium.
India Ink Drawing, one entrv, Miss Louck, Henderson, premium.
Leather Work, one entry, Miss Fuller, Henderson, premium.
Pencil Drawing, six entries, Miss Louck, Henderson, premium.
Deguerreotypes, seven entries, Mrs Powell, Henderson, premium.
Ambrotypes, one entry, W. A. McGill, Louisville, premium.
Photographs, two entries, S. J. Wooley, Henderson, premium.
Design for Dairy House, one entry, Dr. J. S. Seaton, Jefferson county, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 253

CLASS K.— PRODUCTS OF THE SOIL.

GRAINS.
Wheat, one bushel, three entries, R. S. Price, Daviess county, premium.
Rve, one bushel, three entries, J. J Towles, Henderson, premium.
B.iriey, one bushel, one entry, VV. S. Elam, Henderson, premium.
Back Wheat, one entry, J- J- Towles, Henderson, premium.
50 e^rs Corn for bread, eight entries, J. S. McGofmiek, Henderson, premium.
50 ears Corn for stock, six entries, W. J Barrett, Henderson, premium.
One bushel Timothy Seed, one entry, Allen & Bell, Henderson, premium.
Pumpkins, four entries, John E. McCallister, Henderson, premium.

GARDEN.
Irish Potatoes, one bushel, four entries, G. N. Proctor, Union county, premium.
Best variety Irish Potatoes, four entries, J. Funk, Henderson, premium.
Sweet Potatoes, three entries, E. Hilderbunt, Henderson, premium.
Six heads Cabbage, one entry, W. S. Elam, Henderson, premium.
Tomatoes, one entry, VV. B. Woodruff, Jr., Henderson, premium.
Celerv, one entry, W. B Woodruff, Jr.. Henderson, premium.
Turnips for table, two entries, W. B. Woodruff, Jr., Henderson, premium
Onions, one peck, five entries, Mrs. E T. Hart, Henderson, premium.
Carrots, one peck, one entry, W. B. Woodruff, Henderson, premium.
Beets for Table, lour entries, George Black, Henderson, premium.
Lima Beans, two entries, G. L. Roberts, Henderson, premium.
Bunch Beans, two entries, W. B. W r oodruff. Henderson, premium.

ORCHARD.
Fall Apples, two entries, R. H. Alves, Henderson, premium.
Winter Apples, four entries, W. S. Elam, Henderson, premium.
Variety of Apples, two entries, W. S. Elam, Henderson, premium.
Best Apples, one entry, R. 11. Alves, Henderson, premium.
Largest Apples, one entry, R. H. Alves, Henderson, premium.
Free stone Peaches, one entry, VV. B Woodruff, Henderson, premium.
Quinces, one dozen, one entry, W. T. Randolph, Henderson, premium,

CLASS L —FAMILY PRODUCTS.

DAIRY.

Five pounds Butter, three entries, Miss Nancy Elam, Henderson, premium.

Honey, one entry, J. C. Stapp, Henderson, premium.

Jellies, three kinds, three entries, Miss M. E. Sublett, Henderson, premium,

PANTRY.
Loaf Wheat Bread, two entries, Mrs. R. H. Alves, Henderson, premium.
Two Hams, one entry, Mrs. E Starling, Henderson, premium.
Lard, three entries, Mrs. E. I'. Cheaten, Henderson, premium.
Kentucky Wines, six bottles, two entries, W. S Flam, Henderson, premium,.
Cider, one entry, J. J. Towles, Henderson, premium.

TOBACCO.
Leaf, sample, ten entries, W. S. Elam, Henderson, premium.
Leaf, shipping, sixteen entries, VV. S. Elam, Henderson, premium.
Leaf, cigar, five entries, W. S. Elam, Henderson, premium.
Leaf, manufacturing, nine entries, F. J. Lockett, Henderson, premium.

CLASS M.— AGRICULTURAL LITERATURE,

ESSAYS,
On Corn, as a Staple, Dr. J. T. Seaton, Jefferson county, Ky., premium.
On Chinese Sugar Cane, Mrs M. J. Daviess, Harrodsburg, Ky., premium.
On Cultivation of Fruit and Fruit Trees, J. N. Withers, Danville, Ky., premium.
On Breeding Stock, F. J. Flauuagan, Lexington, Ky., premium.

254 REPORT OF THE

HON. L. W. POWELL'S ADDRESS.

CORRESPONDENCE.

Henderson, Ky., October 18th, 1857.
Hon. L. W. Powell :

Dear Sir — We have the honor herewith to present to you a copy of the proceedings
of the Board of Directors of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, requesting a copy of
your address for publication; and your kind compliance will oblige,

Most respectfully, &c. LUCIUS DESHA,

ROBERT W. SCOTT.

At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, at
Henderson, on the 15th of October, 1857, the following resolutions were unanimously adopt-
ed, viz :

Resnloed, That the thanks of this Society be presented to Ex Governor L. W. Powell, for
his most able and excellent address, delivered at the State Fair at Henderson, on the 14th inst.,
and that he be requested to furnish a copy thereof for public ition in a extra number of the
Western Farm Journal, and also in the Annual Report, of this Society.

Resolved, That the Hon. Lucius Desha and Robert W. Scott, Esq , be a committee to pre-
sent a copy of this resolution to Ex Governor Powell, and to carry the same into effect.

B. J. CLAY, President.

Attest : Robert W. Scott, Secretary.

Henderson, Ky., October 18th, 1857.

Gentlemen : I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your note of this date, cover-
ing the proceedings and resolutions of a meeting of the Board of the Kentucky State Agri-
cultural Society, held at this place on the 15th inst., requesting a copy of the address delivered
by me on the 14th inst,., before the Kentucky State Agricultural Society. I herewith hand you
a copy of the address. Be kind enough to present to the Society my warmest acknowledg-
ments for the very complimentary terms in which they have chosen to speak of the address
and accept for yourselves my kindest regards. Truly your friend,

L. W. POWELL.

Gen. Lucius Desha.

Robert W. Scott,

Committee.

ST.VTE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 255

HON. L. W. POWELL'S ADDRESS.

At the request of the State Agricultural Society I appear before you for the
purpose of delivering the annual address. I am confident that the interest of the
Society would have been promoted if one more thoroughly acquainted 'with its
vast interests had been selected to perform this task.

We have met under auspicious circumstances. The State though late, has lent
its direct aid — I regret to say, meager aid — to the encouragement of this great
interest.

In 1853, as Executive of the State, I recommended to the Legislature of Ken-
tucky that they should aid and encourage the Agricultural and Mechanical in-
terests of the commonwealth, by passing a law making an appropriation for the
purpose of fostering these interests, and enabling the Agricultural Societies to
offer more liberal premiums. The Legislature failed to pass such a law as I de-
sired. At the succeeding session of the Legislature my successor renewed the
recommendation, and the Legislature passed the law under which the Society is
organized. Under the provisions of the law the Society holds annual meetings;
and it requires that the meetings be held one year north of the Kentucky river;
one year between the Kentucky and Green rivers; and one year south of the
Green river; thus giving 1 each great geographical division of the State, once in
three years, the more immediate benefits arising from the Society. The first an-
nual exhibition of the State Society was held north of the Kentucky river. In
order to pay a just and merited compliment to the county of Bourbon — which
county has the oldest agricultural society in the west — the Society very properly
determined to hold its first annual exhibition at the grounds of the Bourbon
County Society. They resolved to have the second annual meeting south of the
Green river, and we this day witness its second annual exhibition.

Every citizen of the Commonwealth, with whom I have conversed, seemed de-
lighted that the State had taken direct interest in this subject; all classes of our
people have united in their approval of the encouragement given by the State to
this great interest of the people. We owe much to the enlightened gentlemen of
the press of the State, who have, without an exception, given us their potent aid
and influence. The farmers are by far the most numerous class of our people;
they pay into the Treasury about two-thirds of the State revenue; and I hnve
been amazed that something had not been before done to aid, encourage, and el-
evate mechanical and agricultural labor. Almost every State in the Union has,
by direct legislation, stimulated and fostered agricultural and mechanical indus-
try, and thus increased the mechanical and agricultural wealth of the country,
and added to the general prosperity. The labors of this Society, so far, have
been crowned with eminent success. The most practical, eminent, and scientific
farmers of Kentucky are engaged in its management; and our citizens, of every
class and vocation, have exhibited their deep interest in the enterprize, by the
liberality and zeal with which they have sustained it. We are encouraged and
cheered by the presence of the ladies; we have witnessed, with unmixed pleas-
ure, the beautiful creations of their handiwork, and their skill in the dairy and
household arts; we cannot succeed without the influence of woman. The wise
man says: "Lord help, for the godly man ceaseth;" but there is not a passage in
the Bible which snys the godly woman ever ceaseth or faileth!

The object of this society is to "promote, encourage, and stimlate the Agri-
cultural and Mechanical interests of the Commonwealth." The subject is one

25G REPORT OF THE

vast in extent, embracing the most scientific application of labor to the many and
varied Agricultural and Mechanical pursuits. The object of every well regula-
ted government should be, to shape its policy so as to educate and encourage the
people in the application of their labor, in such manner as to produce the great-
est amount of products necessary for the sub.-istence and comfort of man, with
the smallest amount of labor, and the least deterioration of the soil.

The agriculture of the world is by far its greatest and most important interest;
all are dependent upon it for food and clothing — the necessaries, comforts and
luxuries of life. If the fields, for a single season, were to fail to give their fruits
to the husbandman, all the industrial pursuits would languish and perish. The
strong arm of the mechanic would be powerless; the soldier would be unable to
wield his sword; ships would lie idle at their moorings; commerce would cease;
the looms of the factories would be idle for want of material; gloom, misery,
and starvation would rest upon the earth. Let there be but a partial failure of
the prominent crop for but a single season, on but a small portion of the earth's
surface, and want, sufferino- and starvation, to a greater or less extent ensues, as
was strikingly witnessed upon the failure of the potato crop in Ireland a few
years since. Need 1 suggest another idea to prove, that of all pursuits it should
be most fostered and cared for by all wise and patriotic men.

The subject is one of such magnitude that it cannot be treated in an address
like this, < xcept in the most general manner. An}' one of many branches of this
subject, if elaborate]) 7 treated, would consume more time than should be devoted
to this address. The grasses, the cereals, the soils, agricultural implements, the
managament and breeding of neat cattle, swine, sheep, or horses, each would
afford abundant matter for an address. I will leave these special subjects to be
treated by the able, scientific and practical gentlemen who make contributions in
the shape of essays, and confine my remarks to the importance of agriculture,
and the benefit it confers upon individuals, states, and nations.

Agriculture is the pioneer of the arts and sciences. As soon as cultivation
commences, the surface of the earth is divided among the cultivators, hence the
origin of property in lands; the crops of the cultivator being confined to a local-
ity, gives him a fixed home, and causes multitudes to unite in the defense of
their possessions; this is the origin of "towns, cites, nations, and reffular'fifovem-
ments." The necessity for clothing, houses, implements for tillage, and wea-
pons for defense, gave use to the mechanics arts and to manufactures. "The
necessity of knowing, with accuracy, the returns of the seasons, caused the no-
tice of the revolutions of the heavenly bodies, and out of this grew astronomy."
The exchanges of surplus products gave rise to commerce and navigation. I
hold it to be' an incontrovertible truth, that no nation ever became civilized and
refined, or rose to power, dignity, and greatness, or made any considerable ad-
vance in the arts and sciences, without having fostered and promoted its agricul-
ture. A mere glance at the history of the nations of the earth will satisfy all of
the truth of this proposition.

In investig-tting the agricultural condition of the ancients, and indeed nations
of more modern times, it is deeply to be regretted that historians have given us
so little accurate agricultural information; their chief employment has been the
recording of great events — the achievements of soldiers and statesmen. They
have given us detailed accounts of empires lost and won, of battles fought, cities
sacked, throats cut, and the brilliant achievements of soldiers, kings, politicians
and poets; whilst they have, to a very great extent, neglected the arts of peace,
upon which the honor, dignity, civilization and refinement of a nation depend.
The sword often conquors the land, but it is left to agricultural and mechanical
labor to render it tit for the habitation of civilized men.

Agriculture is the most ancient, as well as the most necessary, of all pursuits.
We lead in Genesis, upon the creatiou of man, "that the Lord took the man and

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 257

put him into the garden of Eden, to dress it, and to keep it." After the trans-
gression the Lord sent him forth "to till the ground from whence he was taken."
"In ihe sweat of thy face shait thou eat bread." Thus we see the first of our
race was devoted to agriculture.

Noah, the second representative of our race, was an agriculturist. In sacred
writ he is called a husbandman, or, as the margin of our Bible has it, "a man
of the ground," on account of his inventions for making the earth more tractable
and fruitful. After the deluge God said "I will not again curse the ground any
more for man's sake." "While the earth remaineth seed time and harvest shall
not cease."

Moses, the great lawgiver of the Jews, laid the foundation of his polity in the
cultivation of the earth. All his statutes were directly calculated to obstruct
commerce, and encourage agriculture. That every Israelite should possess an
inheritance in land was a fundamental law. Everything else he might part with,
but his land could not be entirely alienated. Every jubilee it returned ao-ain to
the original owner. By being prohibited to take any interest from their breth-
ren for the use of money, and the strict injunction laid upon them by Jehovah
with respect to their dealings and commerce with foreigners, the Jews were de-
prived so much, of the ordinary advantages of trade, that they were almost
obliged to procure their living from the fruits and produce of the earth, the im-
provement of which constituted their chief care. To them we are indebted for
the invention of the plow — the earliest mention of which is in the book of Deute-
ronomy, (22nd chapter, I Oth verse.) In following their history we find all the
leading characters were tillers of the ground: Moses was a shepherd; Gideon was
taken from his threshing floor, and Elisha from the plow. From the rural econ-
omy of the Jews, the sacred writers derive their most beautiful images. And, as
the same pursuits were cherished and followed by the Jews, during the manifes-
tation of our Redeemer, the apt similitudes and beautiful figures which he used
were naturally drawn from the same source. Witness the parable of the sower;
what could be more graphic than the sublime expression, "The harvest is the
end of the world, and the reapers are the angels."

Egypt, the cradle of the arts and sciences, paid special attention to her agri-
culture. Up to the time of Joseph her lands were held in fee simple. The pro-
tection of her agricultural industry was the cause of the early improvement of
that country. The greatness and resources of that country are seen in her
canals, estimated by some historians at 6,000, the artificial lakes; the excava-
tions into the rocks to the mountain tops, by which they drew the water by which
the whole land of the valleys was refreshed, and in her pyramids, that stand the
wonder of the world. It was their skill in agriculture that enabled them to fill
the sacks of Joseph's brethren, and protect them against the famine. In that
mighty empire the proceeds of industry were secured to the laborer. Agriculture
was an employment protected by the government.

The Assyrians devoted themselves to agriculture. The fruitful valleys of the
Euphrates were skillfully cultivated, and yielded abundant crops. The power
and greatness of this mighty empire was based upon agriculture. The resources,
taste, and genius of this people were great, as is seen by their canals that filled
the lake above Babylon, that watered the whole country below; and the skill dis-
played in the erection of their temples, &c.

The Phcenecians, great in arts, letters, and commerce, were also skilled in the
labors of the field.

Ancient India nourished agriculture. They divided their people into castes,
and devoted the most of them to agriculture, hence the valleys of the Indus and
the Ganges produced most abundant harvests. There, too, the arts and sciences
flourished. She had majestic temples, adorned with beautiful and elegant paint-
ings.

258 REPORT OF THE

The Greeks and Romans, distinguished for the cultivation of letters, and the
arts and sciences, paid special attention to their agriculture. These mighty na-
tions, that in turns conquered and made subjeet to their will the largest portion of
the world, by the vigor of their military discipline, and the wisdom of their civil
maxims, were not more distinguished in the arts of war than in the arts of
peace.

China is enabled to feed her millions in consequence of the attention paid to
agriculture; every valley in that empire is carefully cultivated by that ingenious
people.

The most enlightened and refined of the European nations, of modern times,
are those in which agriculture is most flourishing.

Among the aboriginal tribes of the new world, we find that wherever agricul-
ture had made the least progress there was found an advance towards civiliza-
tion, as was witnessed among the Mexicans and Peruvians at the time of the dis-
covery of America.

In this free and happy country of ours it requires no argument to prove that
agriculture is the true basis of our greatness, and the cause of our rapid and un-
precedented advancement in all the industrial arts, calculated to enrich, expand,
and make great and powerful a nation. Kossuth, the eloquent Hungarian,
speaking of this country, justly and beautifully said: "Of your twenty-four mil-
" lions, more than nineteen are spread over yonder immense territory, the richest
" in the world, employed in the cultivation of the soil — that honorable occupa-
" tion, which in every time, has proved to be the most inexhaustible and most
"unfailing source of public and private happiness, as also the most unwavering
" ally of freedom, and the most faithful fosterer of all those upright, noble, gen-
" erous sentiments, which the constant intercourse with ever young, ever great,
"ever beautiful. virtue imparts to man. Now, this immense agricultural interest,
" desiring- large markets, at the same time affords a valid basis to your mannfac-
" turing industry, and, in consequence, to your immensely developed commerce."

Many persons place too low an estimate on the intelligence and refinement of
the Agriculturist and the Mechanic, and, look upon these employments as want-
ing in honor, refinement, and dignity. A little investigation and observation will
correct this error, and develope the fact, that to the farmer and mechanic we are
chiefly indebted for our rapid advancement in all the arts of peace, by which we
have become a powerful, enlightened, and refined people! Among the Agricul-
turists we find the most distinguished names that have adorned the world's his-
tory. Adam and Noah, the two great representatives of our race, were devoted,
by the Almighty, to agriculture; Elisha, the seer of Israel, w r as a plowman; Saul
drove his oxen; and David, the shepherd king, watched his flocks. Cincinnatus
was called from his plow to the dictatorship, and saved Rome from anarchy ^nd
ruin. Dentatus, who had three times received the honors of a triumph, was
found by the Samnite embassadors, by his fire-side, boiling roots. Cato, trained
in the same school of wisdom, wrought in the same field, and sat at the same
table with his bondsmen. Ourius, after having conquered the Sabines and the
Samnites, and after having driven Pyrrus out of Italy, returned to the cultiva-
tion of his farm. Scipio Africanus, after having conquered Hannibal, and
rendered Carthage tributary to Rome, retired to the cultivation of his garden.

Kings wrote in its favor, as Hiero the 2nd, of Syracuse; Attallus, of Perga-
mus; and Archelaus, of Cappadocia. The first statesmen, scholars, soldiers,
and poets, devoted their leisure time in writing essays and books for the purpose
of honoring and extending the knowledge ot the best mode of cultivating the
soil. Mago, the great Carthagenian general, wrote extensively on agriculture.
Virgil, the greatest of the Latin poets, made it the theme of his most finished
and perhaps his greatest poems. Classic Greece has been rendered immortal,
not more by the scenes of Marathon and Thermomylse than by the peaceful pur-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 25

suits of agriculture. Homer and Hesiod have immortalized, in glowing strains,
the labors of the field. Many of the most distinguished men of modern Europe
have devoted themselves to agriculture. Robert Burns, the immortal Bard
of Scotland, was a plowman. He thus sung of his poor and honest fellow la-
borers:

"What though on hamely fare we dine,

Wear liuddin grey, and a' that?
Gie fools their silks, and knaves their wine,

A man's h man lor a' that;
For a' that, and a' that,

Their tinsel show, and a' that,
The honest man, though e'er sae puir,

Is king o' men for a' that."

Our own Washington, the father of his country, was a practical farmer. The
illustrious Jackson, when relieved from public cares, devoted his time to the prac-
tical cultivation of his farm. Silas Wright, the distinguished Senator from New
York, devoted all his leisure time to the cultivation of his fields. In our own
Commonwealth many of the distinguished men, who conquered and tamed the
wilderness, and assisted in laying the foundation of our civil and religious liber-
ty, were farmers: Shelby, Scott, Garrard, Slaughter, Adair, and Desha, six of
the first governors of Kentucky, were practical farmers, and were called from
the plow 7 to the helm of State; and our immortal and eloquent Clay, when re-
lieved from public affairs, devoted his time to the cultivation of his farm at Ash-
land.

To the inventive genius of the mechanics we are indebted for most of the in-
ventions and improsements that have revolutionized the world: Faust, the inven-
ter of the art of printing, was a German mechanic. John Fitch, who conceived
and demonstrated the practicability of steam navigation, was a poor gunsmith.
Robert Fulton, who succeeded in carrying out the conception of Fitch, was an
engineer. Oliver Evans, who invented the first locomotive, the first high pres-
sure engine, and the first carding machine, was a carpenter. Thomas Godfrey,
the inventer of the quadrant, was a glazier; the inventor of the telescope was a
spectacle-maker of Holland; that stern old patriot, Thomas Metcalfe, once Gov-
ernor of Kentucky, whose death we have in the last few years mourned, was a
stone-mason. I could give you long lists of names of mechanics, whose inven-
tions have tended to ameliorate the condition of our race, and to dignify and
elevate labor. The largest portion of the useful inventions have emanated from
the fertile brains of practical mechanics. The mechanic has added largely to the
advancement of art, science, and literature, as the history of such men as Sher-
man, the shoemaker; Franklin, the printer; Buiritt, the learned blacksmith, and
others, clearly indicates. Labor is the great civilizer and refiner of the world;
one nation is more civilized and refined than another exactly in the proportion
that it applies its labor with more scientific skill than another.

In order for the agriculturist to apply his labor with scientific skill he must un-
derstand the nature and fertilizing qualities of the soil — that agricultural chem-
istry teaches. In that branch of science, 1 regret to say, our agriculturists are
very defective. The system of education, in our schools and colleges, is greatly
defective in not teaching a more practical application of science to labor. In or-
der to attain the greatest degree of prosperity, science must be united with mus-
cular labor. The man of science understands, by the analysis of his laboratory,
the nature of the soils, economy of plants, and animal life, yet he may prove a
very poor farmer; whilst the practical farmer, who rejects science, will fall far
behind his neighbor, who blends practical skill with the discoveries and sugges-
tions of science.

Fortunately for us in Kentucky, we have many citizens engaged in this great
work, whose precepts and example will excite the enthusiasm, and win the con-
fidence, of their fellow laborers in the field of scientific agriculture.

260 REPORT OF THE

When we shall have the whole body of our practical farmers engaged, not
merely physically but mentally, in illustrating the power, benificence, and dig-
nity of the science of agriculture, the "wilderness and the solitary places shall
be glad for them, and the desert shall rejoice and blossom as the rose."

There have been no means yet employed, in Europe or America, so well cal-
culated to promote this great interest as Agricultural and Mechanical societies and
exhibitions. Here are exhibited the finest and best varieties of the fruits of the
earth; the best specimens of animals as well as every variety of implements to
promote good culture and save labor; the people congregate and see them; they
inquire about the mode of culture that produced such fruits; the breeds of the
majestic animals they see; the various implements of mechanical skill; a feeling
of emulation — a desire for improvement — is instantly abroad in the land. And,
as far as they can do so, the farmers select the best varieties of seeds and fruits;
the best breeds of animals, and the most economical labor saving machines, and
immediately follows an increased and improved production of the farm.

In adddition to the benefits alluded to, the numerous prize essays on the most
important branches of agricultural industry, embodying the experience and learn-
ing of the most distinguished farmers and men of science, are highly beneficial.
These essays, published with your reports, disseminate a vast amount of the
most useful and practical knowledge among the people, in a form that is accessi-
ble, and can be read by all, thus enlightening, exciting, stimulating, and direct-
ing the public mind in its progress.

Useful and beneficial as your industrial exhibitions are — as much valuable in-
formation as they diffuse among the people- — you should not rely upon them alone
to advance the great cause of agriculture. Your common school system of ed-
cation should continue to receive your fostering care. We have schools, colleges,
and universities, in which our youths are educated for the learned professions,
and in theology, &c. We have no school in the Commonwealth in which our
children are so taught as to enable them to apply the principles of science, prac-
tically, to the cultivation of the ground. We should at once correct this defec-
tive system of education; we should so educate our children as to prepare them
for the practical duties of life. It is agriculture that diffuses life, energy, and
vio-or to every other pursuit. It supports our manufactories, and causes our ships
to whiten every sea with their canvass.

Lord Erskine spoke beautifully and truly when he said, "You might as well
hope to see the human body in active motion, when palsy had reached the heart, or
a tree flourish after its roots had decayed, as expect to see manufactures, or arts,
or industry, of any description, progressive when agriculture has declined. Par-
alyze it and you weaken the pulse of enterprise, stiffen the fingers of machinery,
and clip the wings of commerce ; destroy it and you bury in one common grave
national pow r er and individual prosperity." In endeavoring to set before you the
importance of the Agricultural and Mechanical interests, I by no means intend
to depreciate other pursuits. I have told you that every interest was dependent
upon Agriculture; other interests are intimately connected and interwoven with
it. Without commerce and the mechanic arts, agriculture would languish; ag-
riculture, the mechanic arts, the sciences, and commerce are so intimately con-
nected and dependent, the one upon the other, that you cannot injure the one
without injuring the others; each and all are necessary for the full development
of the others.

The solitary student, who wastes his health in the investigation of science, is
often the greatest benefactor of mankind. He, by his laborious researches, eli-
cits scientific truths of the greatest importance, that are applied to the practical
uses of life. The politician, the statesman, and those engaged in the learned
professions, are all benefactors of mankind, when their energies are virtuously
and wisely directed.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 261

The arts, sciences, and agricultural and mechanical labor, have accomplished
wonders for man.

" They led him through the trackless wild,

Where noontide sunbeams never blazed,
The thistle shrunk, the harvest smiled,

And nature gladdened as she gazed.
Earth's thousand tribes of living things.

At art's command to him are given,
The village grows, the city springs,

And point their spires of faith to heaven.
In fields of air he writes his name,

And treads the chambers of the sky ;
He reads the stars and grasps the flame

That quivers round the throne on high.
In war renowned, in peace sublime,

He moves in greatness and in grace,
His power subduing space and time,

Links realm to realm and race to race."

The ancients, in the art of agriculture, were far behind this utilitarian age,
particularly in the implements of husbandry and labor saving machines. In the
place of a crooked stick used for the p'ow, we now rn>ve the magnificent speci-
mens we have seen here today; instead of the sickel, we now have the im-
proved reapers, one of which will reap twenty acres of grain in a day ; instead
of the flail, long used to thresh grain, we now have the thresher, one of which
will thresh six hundred bushels a day.

We plant, we reap, we thersh, we grind by machinery. For these wonderful
labor saving — or rather labor multiplying — machines, we are chiefly indebted to
the genius of American mechanics. In Great Btitain alone, the power of ma-
chinery in mills is computed to be equal to 600,000,000 of men. It is indeed
wonderful to behold the ingenuity of man. There is scarcely anything that he
does not accomplish, through the agency of machinery; he has made steam sub-
servient to his will, and constituted it the greatest of motive powers; he has
harnessed the lightning, and sent it as a courier around the world. When we
contemplate the many varied and complicated purposes to which machinery is
app'ied at this day, we are struck with wonder and astonishment. Such is the
wonderful rapidity with which useful inventions are announced, that it is but
reasonable to suppose that we have but just entered upon our race of improve-
ment. All this is the result of the application of science to labor.

In modern times nothing has so much promoted agriculture or the practical ap-
plication of the science of chemistry as a thorough and minute analysis of the
soil. In connection with this idea, allow me to suggest that there is no one thing
so well calculated to foster the agricultural interest of Kentucky as the comple-
tion of a thorough geological and agricultural survey of the State, which is now
progressing under the superintendence of the distinguished gentlemen engaged in
that service. It will unfold the vast -stores of mineral wealth that lie imbedded
beneath your soil. It will give you accurate analyses of your soils, and teach you
the elements to supply to give the greatest production; and the adaptation of each
peculiar soil to the production of the various crops that are produced in our cli-
mate. It will enable you to make the most scientific application of your labor,
and thus receive the greatest product for your toil. The knowledge that will en-
able the husbandman to so cultivate his fields as to retain and increase the fertil-
ity of his soil, and add to the amount of his productions, by a proper and judi-
cious rotation of crops, and the application of manures, is invaluable. That
cannot be done unless we know the constituent parts of the soil, and the proper-
ty to add to supply the defect. All this an accurate chemical analysis of your
soils will teach. The reports that have been published contain a vast amount of
valuable and useful information. In the published report you will find over 200

262 REPORT OF THE

•

analyses of ores, &c, of which 21 are of soils. The reports that will be made
to the next Legislature will, I am informed by Dr. Owen, the distinguished gen-
tleman at the head of the Geological Survey, contain analyses of about 174 soils,
which, when added to the 21 contained in the published report, make our analy-
ses of 200 Kentucky soils. The soils that have been analyzed have been taken
from 61 counties in (he State. I have been kindly furnished by Dr. Peter, the
eminent Chemist of the Survey, with the proof sheets of a large portion of the
forth coming reports; they treat largely and elaborately of agriculture. The
information the forthcoming reports will furnish will be amongst the most uselul
and practical which the united labors of the geologist and chemist have present-
ed to agriculture.

Through the kindness of Dr. Owen, the State Geologist, I was furnished the
following statement of the soils analyzed:

Of the 200 soils now analyzed —

11 are derived from the quaternary;

17 are derived from the Coal Measures;
37 are derived from the sub carboniferous;

4 are derived from the rocks of Devonian date;

18 are derived from the Upper Silurian date;
113 are derived from the Lower Silurian date;

200 i. e. from the so-called blue limestone formation.

Of all pursuits agriculture is best calculated to cultivate the home influence;
and after all, the home influence is the great nursery of virtue and patriotism.
The large cities in this country are almost as much dependent upon the rural dis-
tricts for their brains as they are for their meat and their bread. Upon an accu-
rate estimation I would venture the opinion that it would be found that four-fifths
of the leading business men, engaged in the mercantile and industrial pursuits,
and in the professions in the large cities of this Union, were nurtured and reared
in the rural districts, surrounded in their youth by the happy home influences of
which I have spoken.

In time of war the farmer and the mechanic chiefly fill the ranks of our ar-
mies, with a brave and hardy soldiery, that have carried our flag victoriously in
every contest in which we have been engaged. The virtue and love of country
that clusters about the farm houses of this glorious country, is the strongest
shield that can be thrown around the constitution and government of this free
people. Whilst we have the rural districts filled with an educated, virtuous pop-
ulation, who love the homes made happy by their labor, the Union is in no dan-
ger. Demagogues, alarmists, and traitors talk of the overthrow of this glorious
Union. Whilst your farms are tilled by, and your workshops filled with, educa-
ted and virtuous laborers, the Union is in no danger. I verily believe the day
never has been when the love the people bare the national constitution and this
glorious Union was not strong enough to crush, in an instant, all the factions
were they combined, that harbored a feeling of hate, resistance, or treason to
our glorious government.

Our position among the nations of the earth is one truly gratifying to every
American. An hundred battle-fields attest the bravery and patriotism of our
sons; our admirable constitutions, laws, and government, establish the fact that
we are more deeply learned in the great practical principles of civil and religious
liberty than any nation or people that has existed on earth. The tables of our
industrial pursuits exhibit the most gratifying results — results becoming the dig-
nity of a brave, enlightened, and free people. The total value of the products of
agriculture, for the year covered by the census of 1850, is estimated at $1,326,-
961,326, to which add, for increase since, would give total for 1857, $2,000,000,-
000. The products of manufactories, mining, and the mechanic arts for the year

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 263

1850 were estimated at $1,013,336,463. According to the report of the Secre-
tary of the Treasury for 1856, our cotton crup exported brought us $128,382,-
351; our provisions $77,046,828; and our tobacco $12,221,843; these three
items brought us in a single year $217,651,022; the production of each one of
these articles has been greatly increased this year, and it would not, I suppose,
be an over estimate to put the amount we would receive from these three articles
this year at $3u0,000,000. Our entire domestic exports, exclusive of specie, for
the year ending 30th June, 1856, brought us $266,438,651.

Of this cotton brought us, $128,382,351

Tobacco, - 12,221,843

Rice, 2,390,233

Making, - - $142,994,427

Thus you see that these articles, the growth of the planting States, consutute
largely over one half our exports. These facts exhibit our agricultural interest
in a most imposing attitude; the looms of the world are dependent upon us for
cotton. Commercially speaking it has not been inaptly said that "cotton was
king."

Since 1790 our exports have grown from 19,012.041 to 300,000,000; our ton-
nage has increased from 502,146 to 4,500,000; our tonnage is now greater than
any nation on earth. We have in the United States about 25,000 miles of rail-
road in operation — over one-third of the railroads in the world. In 1810 we had
in the United States three hundred and fifty-nine newspapers and periodicals,
with an annual circulation of 22,321,700; in 1850 we had two thousand five
hundred and twenty-six newspapers and periodicals, with an annual circulation
of 426,407,918.

Kentucky occupies a central position in this Union ; one that enables her to
supply the cotton, sugar and rice growing States of the South with corn, hemp,
hoii's, neat cattle, mules and horses, of which she arrows a large surplus ; and
also sufficiently near to supply the large cities and manufacturing towns of the
North with her surplus products. She is noted for the valor and chivalry of her
sons ; her citizens have been eminently distinguished in war, and in the councils
of the nation. She should not relax her efforts until she has an equal distinc-
tion in the arts of peace. Kentucky is emintntly an agricultural State ; our dis-
tinguished felloAv-citizen, Dr. Peter, by the analyses he has made of our soils,
has demonstrated the fact that we possess the most fertile soil on the earth. Our
agricultural position among our sister States is one of which we may be justly
proud. From the census of 1850 it appears that we produced 58,672,591 bush-
els of Indian corn. Ohio was the only State that surpassed us in the production
of that article. Of oats we produced 7,155,974 bushels — only four States sur-
passing us. We produced 17,787 tons of water and dew-rotted hemp — we stand
the first hemp growing State in the Union. We produced 55,501,196
pounds of tobacco — in this article our old mother, Virginia, alone surpasses us.
In the number of horses we stood third ; in mules and swine we stood second
among the States of the Union.

In these times of commercial revulsions and bank suspensions you have noth-
ing serious to apprehend. The commercial world is looking anxiously to the
productions of your fields for the only means that will reinstate commercial con-
fidence, and give the relief demanded by the exigencies of the times ; and they
will not be disappointed, for our whole land is blessed with most abundant crops.
Your drafts are drawn upon the earth — a bank that never suspends — and the
deeper you draw the more richly and abundantly will your drafts be honored.

We have a country and government admirably adapted to the rapid develop-
ment of the great interests of labor. Our country is unsurpassed in fertility and
vast tn extent — covering an area of 2,400,000 square miles, extending 2,700 miles

REPORT OF THE

from ocean to ocean, and near 2,000 miles from north to south — embracing al-
most every variety of soil, climate and pursuit. We have a people possessed of
boundless energy, industry and inventive genius. Blessed with a free and enlight-
ened government, that extends its protecting influence to all classes, and which
proclaims the equality of the citizens, and guarantees political, civil and religi-
ous liberty, and protects every class in the enjoyment of the fruits of their labor;
with a system of universal education that opens the avenues of knowledge and
industry to all — we are in a better condition than any people on earth to make
rapid advancement in all the arts of peace. The God of the Universe has given us
this great heritage, and we owe it to ourselves, and to the age in which we live,
to improve it. Our fathers have nobly performed their share in the glorious
work ; they have conquered the soil from a savage foe, felled the forest, cleared
the land, and laid deep, broad and strong the foundation of civil and religious
liberty, and introduced all the arts of peace.

Our progress has been wonderful indeed. Since the war of the revolution we
have grown from less than 4,000,000 to 27,000,000 of free, happy people; from
thirteen to thirty one sovereign States, and seven organized Territories. Our
visions are feasted by the busy stir of commerce, the green meadows and joyous
harvests, the populous towns and crowded cities, which are cheered throughout
our land by peace and plenty. Great and powerful as we are, we have but just
entered upon our race of improvement; only about one-thirteenth of the whole
area of the organized States and Territories is improved, and about one eighth
more is occupied and not improved. Thus, you see the work that is before us,
and, unless we should prove degenerate sons of the noblest ancestry the world
ever knew, we will push on in this great work until this whole land shall be sub-
dued by the axe and the plow, and rendered a tit abode for Christian, civilized,
and refined men.

ESSAYS TO WHICH PREMIUMS WERE AWARDED.

The offering of Premiums for the best essays on Agricultural sub-
jects is rapidly growing into fashion, and it is a matter of just pride
that it was inaugurated many years since by a former State Agricul-
tural Society for Kentucky.

Four Essays are now presented, to which premiums were awarded
by the Kentucky State Agricultural Society in 1857. They will be
found to contain much valuable and interesting information on the
subjects on which they are respectively written, and will no doubt,
like those of last year, have an extensive reading.

One is also presented as a volunteer contribution by that veteran
Agricultural writer, the Hon. Adam Beatty, whose Prize Essays to the
former Kentucky State Agricultural Society had such a wide and pop-
ular circulation in book form some years since.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 265

Essay on the Science and Practice of Breeding Animals for the Farm, by F. J.
Flannagan, of Fayette county, Kentucky.

"Crossing has only succeeded in an eminent degree, when the females were larger, than in the usual pro-
portions of females to males; and it has generally failed, when the males were disproportionally large." —
The opinion of Mr. Bakewell, of Dishley , in Leicestershire, the founder of the Leicester, Bakewell, or Dish-
Ley sheep; England's greatest breeder, and one of her greatest benefactors as a Farmer.

Agriculture and grazing were always regarded as two distinct branches of the farming bus-
iness; so much so, that it was thought that the knowledge of the one was unnecessary for the
practice of the other, and the breeding and management of live stock was considered to be
almost exclusively the business of the grazier alone.

A mighty change, however, has come over matters here; the increased and increasing pop-
ulation of this country demanded a corresponding increased supply of animal food, which has
been furnished, not by the larger productiveness of the grazing districts alone, but by the
growth of grain and clover on the arable farms as well, so that, in fact, a greater annual
weight of meat is produced by the latter now, than by the former. Hence, the amount of
stock kept on arable farms ha3 doubled within the last twenty years. It is not, however, my
provinr-cor intention, to discuss in this essay, how far it would be proper, or to the interest of
the Farmer in this State, to keep separate and distinct, the grazing and agricultural pursuits!
that would be a very fit subject for separate discussion; and, in my opinion, under the existing
laws of the State, our total dependence on slave labor, and with the natural advantages we
possess in soil and climate, so well adapted to the growth of the blue grass, it is paramount to
almost any other question that could be presented to the farmers for their consideration.

Our situation in this country, as .compared with every other portion of the Agricultural
world, is very peculiar indeed. Here, one man spreads his labors over a far greater surface
of land than can be given to an individual in the old world, or even in the older States of this
new world. It follows, therefore, that the science of Agriculture is more perfect there than
here;* in other words, any given number of working men produce tar more here, but any
given number of acres has hitherto given far less produce. With these few remarks I leave
this subject.

The feeding of stock is likely to become more and more the object of the farmer's attention,
and their breeding and management, consequently, an object of his increased solicitude.

The live stock of the farm may be regarded as so many machines for converting the pro-
ductions of the farm into the most valuable and concentrated form of food. It is, therefore,
of the first importance to obtain, by means of breeding, the most valuable animal for this
purpose — an animal that will convert a given amount of food into the utmost quantity of
good meat in the shortest space of time. That too little attention is bestowed on this point
is evident from the great variety which obtains amongst the breeds of cattle, sheep, and live
stock we now have here, some of which are almost worthless. It is notorious that some ani-
mals will make double the quantity of meat from a given amount of food to that made by
others. Since Great Britain has taken off the duties on cattle imported from other couDtries,
a striking contrast has been observed between these imported and those of their native
breeds. The coarseness and inferiority of the former have deterred farmers from fattening
them, although procurable at a much cheaper rate. The extra quantity of food required to
make them fat has cost more than the saving in the first expense, when" compared with their
own native stock. An almost equal difference obtains between improved and unimproved
specimens of our native breeds. How greatly is the farming interest, and the country at
large, injured by the unprofitable feeding of inferior stock? Much certainly has been done,
by improving our native breeds, but still more remains to be done yet.

It is unnecessary, therefore, to say more, in order to establish the fact, that the subject of
breeding is one of the greatest interest and importance to the Kentucky farmer. It becomes
us well to understand the principles of the matter; to acquaint ourselves, as far as we can

* That is, that more produce is procured from a certain quantity of ground in the former
than in the latter country.

2CG REPORT OF THE

become acquainted, with the laws of nature which govern the perpetuation of the breeds of
our domestic animals, so that we may be enabled to preserve, and considerably extend, the
improvements which have beeu made.

The simple object the breeder has to consider, is to produce an animal that will yield him the
greatest pecuniary return; a principle which maybe applied to each race of animals, but
which involves with it a knowledge of those qualities which are really the most esteemed.
The qualities desirable to obtain are pretty nearly alike in the greater number of domestic
animals, that is, in those intended for animal food. These are, the capability of converting
a given quantity of food into the utmost amount of flesh and fat, and the development of
this meat on those parts of the body most esteemed for food — thus, small heads, short legs,
and small bone, are altogether essential qualifications, and early maturity is equally desirable.
Connected with these points, we invariably find a peculiar quiet and indolent disposition —
what physiologists would term a lymphatic temperament — which is denoted by a fineness of
the skin, certain resistancy to the touch, so to speak, caused by the development of those
membranes immediately under the skin, which serve for the deposition of fat in common
with other -objects. In cows kept for the dairy, the considerations just mentioned, though not
altogether to be lost sight of, are yet secondary to others, such as the development of the lac-
tic system.

With regard to the horse, the qualities we have mentioned are still less essential. Muscu-
lar activity and vigor of constitution are necessary in all horses. A large bone and a certain
degree of weight, as well as quietness, is requisite in the cart horse; and a light frame, with
great muscular and nervous energy, is demanded in the thoroughbred. Between these ex-
tremes, a balance of these rival qualifications is called for, by the various specimens afforded
by other breeds of horses.

"Like begets like," is an axiom in breeding which cannot be disputed. It is vain to expect
healthy or perfect offsprings from unhealthy or imperfect parents. Defects are more easily and
more certainly propagated than virtues. They may certainly disappear in the first or second
generation, but it is only to appear in the third. It is only, therefore, by the most vigilant at-
tention, by weeding and selecting with the greatest care, that we can approach to perfection,
which, however, is like the mountain of the talisman — no one has ever reached its summit.

Let me call particular attention to the following paragraph :

The external form is an indication of internal structure; the principles of improving should
therefore be founded on a knowledge and use of the internal parts. Of the first importance
are the lungs, and on their size and soundness depend, principally, the strength and health of
the animal — converting food into nourishment in proportion to its size. An animal with large
lungs is capable of converting more food, in a given time, into nourishment, than an animal
with smaller ones, and consequently has a greater aptitude to fatten. The external indications
of the size of the lungs are the form of the size of the chest, which should approach the figure
of a cone, having its apex situated between the shoulders, and its base towards the loins. The
capacity of the. chest depends on its form more than the extent of its circumference; for, al-
though the girth may be equal in two animals, the lungs of the one may be much larger than
those of the other. A circle contains more than an ellipsis of equal circumference; and in pro
portion as the ellipsis deviates from the circle, it contains less; hence, a deep chest is not ca-
pacious, unless it be proportionally broad.

That cavity formed by the junction of the haunch bones with the bones of the rump is called
the pelvis, and it is essential that this cavity should be large in the female, so that she may bo
enabled to bring forth her young with less difficulty. The lives of the mother and her off-
spring are frequently endangered when this cavity is small; the width of the hips, and the
breadth of the twist, which is the space between the thighs, generally indicate the size of the
pelvis; the breadth of the loins is always in proportion to that of the chest and the pelvis.

Human Physiologists pay considerable attention to the subject of temperament, and though
I do not profess to make the same nice distinctions with regard to animals, yet it is extremely
important to keep in mind those general distinctive varieties of temperaments which operate so
powerfully in characterizing various animals.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 267

We may, then, broadly divide the temperaments of animals into three kinds — the nervous,
the thoracic, and the abdominal. In proportion as the nervous system, the chest, or the ab-
domen is strongly developed, may we consider an animal to belong to one class or the other.

In the breeding of sheep and oxen for the purposes of the butcher, the grand object has been
to establish the supremacy of the belly, and to dethrone the empire of the cranium and the
chest; or, in other words, to preserve and perpetuate that form of abdomen most favorable to
the due performance of the digestive process, affording the capability of extracting the utmost
quantity of nourishment from the food, and at the same time diminishing as much as possible
the development of the nervous system, (which would induce too much irritability, and de-
stroy that indolence and quietness so essential for the fattening process,) as well as that of the
organs of respiration, which give at once the capability and the disposition for muscular ex-
ertion. In the Leicester* sheep we have one of the most perfect specimens of the prepon-
derating development of the abdominal or lymphatic temperament, and the most striking con-
trast to our own native sheep. The latter is quite unfitted, with its small lungs and muscular
activity, with form, habits, and disposition approximating the goat, to be submitted to the same
treatment as the former. Instead of quietly and assiduously, hour after hour, converting roots
and grasses into mutton, and mental faculties scarcely extending beyond the fold, as the Lei-
cester sheep, the native would be perpetually engaged in devising plans of escape, and its ac-
tive limbs would soon put to the test the strength or height of the inclosure.

It is admitted by all breeders that the Leicester sheep is the most perfect specimen of the
meat producing animal we are acquainted with, and, perhaps, no other in the creation possesses,
in so high a degree, the power of converting vegetable bodies into the utmost quantity of ani-
mal food. It possesses, in fact, the most perfect, and in proportion to the size of the animal'
the most capacious digestive organs, whilst its nervous and thoracic systems are altogether se-
condary.

In the South Down and Cheviot, these systems are brought into great play, activity (from the
hills they were raised upon,) being more required, but the brow and the chest are still subser-
vient to the belly.

The Ox is naturally adapted for, and indeed, often employed in the most laborious exertions
The locomotive organs are, therefore, more developed; there is greater intelligence, and the
body is longer in coming to maturity than in the sheep, and the muscles are more interlaced
with sinew. The chest and the nervous systems are consequently more developed, though the
belly is still supreme. The Devon cattle have long been regarded as the best workers, and
possess greater activity in their locomotive powers; their lungs and brain are, consequently,
more developed, but their feeding propei ties, as might be anticipated, somewhat inferior to
the Short horn and Hereford; but of late years horse labor being found, in England, more ad-
vantageous than ox labor, the disuse of the latter has cuised more attention to be paid to the
feeding, and less to the working, qualities of the Devon cattle, so that they have become form-
idable rivals of the other leading breeds.

In the Horse the brain and chest are far more highly developed than in the ox, but there is a
great variety in this respect in different breeds. Whilst the heavy cart horse approaches the
ox in the sluggishness of its temperament, and the preponderance and power of its digestive
organs, the thorough bred animal is distinguished by opposite qualifications; the chest and the
brain are more highly developed, and the belly no longer has the preponderance. Although
the cart horse is an unprofitable feeder compared with the ox, yet he is highly profitable as
compared with the thorough bred. A hundred pounds of hay, or a bushel of oats, will make
less flesh in the latter than in the former, but the muscular vigor produced by it will be in n
superior and more concentrated form. A cart colt will thrive on keep that will starve a tho.
rough bred, but the former will sink exhausted from exertions that will not even tire the lat-
ter.

* Leicester, Dishley, and|Bakewell, are synonymous, when speakingof sheep; they mean the
same breed, Bakewell, of Dishly, in Leicestershire, being the founder of the breed; hence,
they are sometimes called after his farm, "Dishley;" and again after the county, "Leicester;"
and again after himself.

268 REPORT OF THE

What is called breed in horses consists in the superior organization of the nervous and
thoracic organs as compared with the abdominal; the chest is deeper and more capacious, and
the brain and nerves more highly developed. More air is respired, more blood purified, more
nervous energy expended. Whilst the heavy cart horse may be considered to possess the lym-
phatic temperament, the blood horse may be regarded as the emblem of the nervous and san
guine temperament combined — the latter, however, predominating. When the nervous tem-
perament has the ascendency, the animal will carry but little flesh, but will go till he drops>
never seeming to tire. When the sanguine temperament greatly prevails, the horse will have
great muscular powers, but not much inclination to put them to the stretch. When the lym-
phatic temperament has superior influence the animal, though looking fresh and fat, and start-
ing well at first, will soon flag and knock up, and will rather endure the lash than make an
exertion. It is the happy combination of the three temperaments that makes a perfect horse,
when severe exertion is demanded. The full development of the abdominal organs is essen-
tial, inasmuch as it is through the food that both the muscular system and the nervous energy
is supplied. If the digestion is weak, the other powers will be inefficiently supplied.

The sanguinious organs are neede'd to furnish the muscular powers, and the nervous system
is demanded to furnish the muscles with the requisite energy, and the capability for endurance.
What is called " bottom " in the horse, is neither more no less than the abundant supply of
nervous energy, the muscles being at the same time well developed.

I have dwelt at some length on temperament; at the risk of being tedious, as it is important
as elucidating my subject, and preventing the obscurity which often creeps in when speaking
of the subject of breeding.

A well bred sheep, and a well bred horse, refer to totally different qualities, and in aiming
at improvement we endeavor to foster in the one animal that which we would fain suppress in
the other.

The general object of improved breeding is to diminish or improve the defects of live stock
and to acquire and perpetuate desirable properties ; the general art is, to make such a selec-
tion of both males and females as is most likely to promote the object ; and the general prin-
ciple is the governing law of the animal kingdom — the obvious, yet much forgotten maxim,
that " like produces like," or that every variety, as well as species of animal, propagates its
own kind. The simple observation, that domestic animals produced a progeny exactly simi
lar to themselves, formed the basis of all the proceedings of our first great modern improvers
of British live stock. Bakewell, in particular, inferred from this observation that, by bring
ing together a male and a female, both possessed of one set of good properties, he should ob-
tain these properties, perhaps in an increased degree, in their offspring, and that by propoga-
ting from males and females of the same properties, through a series of generations, he
should eventually establish a breed possessing these properties as a permanent and distin-
guishing characteristic. When he carried this process into effect and found it to be success-
ful, with respect first to his long horns, and next to other breeds of cattle, the term " blood'"
began to be used as a designation of it ; and in all subsequent periods whenever a breed with
any valuable characteristic can be referred to a number of ancestors of admitted excellence,
this term is currently and emphatically applied. The principle of the improving process, that
every variety of domestic animal propogates its own peculiar properties, is the pervading law
of all scientific and successful breeding, holds true with regard to the male and female, and
extends not only to constitution, shape and organic peculiarities, but to nosological tendencies
and habits, and to almost every property, no matter how minute, which affects an animal's econ-
omical adaptations and market value. The tendency of each variety of domestic animals to
propogate its own peculiarities, down to even the minutest point, is so prevalent and power
ful as to be strictly a law, and perfectly accounts, not only for all the successes, but also for
all the failures and for most of the apparent anomalies in the progress of breeding improve-
ments. " Let it be supposed," remarks Youatt, " that the cattle of a certain farmer have
some excellent qualities about them; but there is a defect which considerably deteriorates
from their value, and which he is anxious to remove. He remembers that 'like begets like,'

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 269

and he looks about for a bull that possesses the excellence which he wishes to engraft on his
own breed. He tries the experiment, and, to his astonishment, it is a perfect failure. His
stock, so far from improving, have deteriorated. The cause of this every day occurrence
was, that lie did not fairly estimate the extent of the principle from which he expected so
much. This new bull had the good point that was wanting in his old stock, but lie, too, was
deficient somewhere also, and therefore, although his cattle had in some degree improved by
him in one way, that was more than counterbalanced by the inheritance of his defects. Here
is the secret of every failure — the grand principle of breeding. The new comer, while he
possesses that which was a desideratum in the old stock, should likewise possess every good
quality that they had previously exhibited, then, and then alone will there be improvement
without alloy."

The aim of all breeders should be to produce animals with " robust " constitutions. " Ro-
bustness" of constitution implies good appetite, healthy digestion, freedom from tendencies
to disease, great powers of endurance, sturdy health, steady growth to maturity, and facile
ability of performing the offices which belong to the particular animal in the economy of the
farm ; and it is indicated by very numerous features in each anima!, and by very diversified
ones in the different species

A question of great niceness and difficulty, and one which has been the topic of much dis-
cussion and antagonism among agricultural writers is, "Whether the breed of live stock be
susceptible of the greatest improvement, from the qualities conspicuous in the male, or from
those conspicuous in the female paivnt?" Whilst some ascribe the principal influence to the
male, others consider that it is chiefly due to the female, and there are not wanting illustrations
that appear to support either theory. The freaks of nature in these respects are certainly
very curious, and people are often more struck by a remarkable exception, than even by th©
rule, and are disposed to found their theoiies accordingly. The Bedouin Arabs of the desert,
so celebrated for their scrupulous attention to the purity of their breed of horses, who can
trace a pedigree through a hundred generations, are comparatively indifferent as to the stallion
but prize and preserve their mares with the most rigorous care. They will part with the for-
mer for an equivalent remuneration, but scarcely anything will induce them to dispose of their
mares if they belong to the true "kocklani" breed. From this well known fact, it has been
naturally inferred that they consider the influence of the female as pre eminent; and the sup-
porters of this theory adduce the fact just mentioned as a strong argument in its favor. In-
deed, at first sight, it would appear, when we consider the more intimate connection of the fe-
male with the offspring, kept up during the long space which elapses between conception and
birth, that the influence of the dam must be greater than the sire.

Facts, however, appear rather to support an opposite doctrine. The offspring of the male
ass and female horse resembles the former far more than the latter. The long ears, spare
muscular development, narrow feet, and sluggish action, are almost equal peculiarities of the
mule and the as3.

We may, therefore, from these and other similar facts which could readily be adduced, be
justified in concluding, that so far as regards the size, general appearance, external form, and
muscular development, the influence of the male is superior to that of the female. In the
human being it has been noticed that mental development is more frequently influenced by the
mother; and that talented women generally become the mothers of talented children, evea
when the fathers are not remarkable for mental superiority. In animals, of course, it is very
difficult to ascertain whether this principle obtains, as sagacity is not sought for; but I think'
that temper, disposition, and nervous development more frequently follow the female than the
male. These remarks are offered as general rules, but by no means as rules without excep-
tions. The fact, however, of the male animal begetting from 50 to 100 offspring in the cour30
of a year, whilst the female seldom produces more than one or two, must, and always will
cause improvements to be effected in breeds of animals principally by means of the male.

The Highland Society of Scotland, some years ago, proposed this question as a subject of
prize essays, and afterwards adjuged four essays upon it to be worthy of premiums, and pub-

270 REPORT OF THE

lished them in the ir transactions. Mr. Boswell, of Balmuto, the author of one of the es-
says, asserts that the male is most influential; supports his opinion well by an appeal to
facts; and concludes, "that the male is the parent, from motives of sense and sound pol-
ity, which we can alone look to for the improvement of our breed of live stock." The Rev.
Henry Berry, the author of another of the essays, teaches that improving power in breeds is
attributable not to sex, but to high blood, or to animals, whether male or female, which have
been long aud successfully bred and selected with a view to particular qualifications, yet con-
cludes, " that with our present scanty stock of information on this difficult question, one only
' rational course can be adopted by breeders, viz: that of resorting to the best male, a simple
1 and efficacious mode of improving such stock as require improvement, and the only proceed-
ing by which stock already good can be preserved in excellence." Mr. Christian, of Mill
Forest, another of the Essayists, asserts that the offspring bears the closest resemblance to the
pareut, whether male or female, which exerts the greatest influence in the formation of the
foetus, and concludes, "that no individual animals, either male or female, can be trusted to
'for improvement, and that the best breed, and most perfect animals of both sexes ought, in
'every instance, to to be selected.'' Mr. Dallas, of Edinburgh, the fourth Essayist, asserts
that the male is the more powerful for external qualities, and the female the more powerful
for internal qualities, and infers that the male ought to be selected for the improvement of
color, coat, or outward form, and the female for the improvement of lactiferousness, hardi-
ness, temper, and freedom from tendency to any description of internal disease.

" The opinions of Mr. Boswell and Mr. Berry," says the Rev. John M. Wilson, the learn-
ed editor of the "Rural Cyclopedia," the best work I know of for the farmer, published in
Edingburgh, in lt-50, "if mutually combined, or if made to modify each other, appear to
' contain the whole, or very nearly the whole, of the truth on this question; and the opinions
'of Mr. Dallas and Mr. Christian are aliogether, or very nearly altogether, fanciful — the one
' in theory, and the other in fact." The power of blood, or of regular systematic untarnished
breeding, through a series of generations, appears to be so great as wholly to supercede
mere sexual or constitutional power; and though peculiarly mighty in the male, is al=o
not a little distinguished in the lemale. A cow, possessing excellencies by pure descent from
a hi rr h ancestry, holds them as essential elements of her constitution, and will transmit them
in all their breadth and beauty to her progeny, while a bull, possessing by tarnished descent
from a near ancestry, or merely by a cross of breeds on the part of his immediate parents,
holds them as only secondary properties of his constitution, and may propagate them in a very
marred and mutilated condition.

Mr. A. Walker, in a recent work on intermarriage, has endeavoreJ, with some success, to
reduce the facts connected with his subject to a system, which has not before been attempted.
He contends that organization is propagated in halves; that the voluntary and locomotive sys-
tems are produced by one parent, and the vital and sensitive systems by the other. The
former is generally induced by the male, and the latter by the female, though sometimes we
observe an opposite result, which is owing to the female being sometimes more vigorous than
the male. This theory, I must acknowledge, is in keeping with the observations I had made
previous to seeing Mr. Walker's book. The greater part of the work in question relates to
mankind, and many facts are adduced to show that when the forehead and face of the off
spring corresponds to the one parent, the back, head, and general form resembles the other;
that the former, and with it the vital and sensitive systems, are derived generally from the
mother, and the latter from the father. In animals we do not notice so accurately the fea-
tures of the face, but are attracted far more by the resemblance offered by the configuration
of the body, and thus we are more impressed with the greater likeness the offspring bears to
the sire. So far as my own observations go, however, the face more frequently resembles the
dam, which also corresponds with the author's theory. Mr. Walker condemns, most strongly,
the attempt at enlarging any breed of animals by means of a larger sire, and says the progeny
is most likely to become, in consequence, ungainly and coarse. In which opinion I entirely
agree. He adduces, in support of this opinion, the vast improvement that has been effected

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 271

in the breed of horses by means of the small Arabian Stallion — the increased size of our
blood horses being owing to the original native mares — and he adds, that it is in vain to en-
large a breed of animals beyond the capabilities of the locality.

There is, however, a difficulty in the application of Mr. Walker's theory, when applied to
animals. He says the locomotive system is caused by one parent, and the vital and sensitive
system by the other. Now, if he includes under the term " vital system," the disposition of
the animal to form ilesh and fat, we may have an animal with a full and powerful locomotive
svstem, aud yet with a vital system utterly incapable of maintaining it. And though it is
possible that this very anomalous ease may occur, it is, howev< r, very unusual amongst ani-
mals. As far as my own observation goes, the locomotive system, and the disposition to form
flesh and fat go together, and these are generally propagated by the male parent — as when a
short-horned or Hereford bull is used with an ordinary herd of cows, or a Leicester ram with
an inferior breed of sheep. The almost invariable effect of this latter cross, is to produce an
animal whose feeding and fatteuing qualities very closely approximate to those of the sire,
and are, beyond all comparison, superior to the dam.

iln the breeding of race horses, it is well known that it is absolutely imperative to breed
from animals of pure descent. If any stain, or admixture of impure and inferior blood has
entered into the composition of either parent, though introduced several generations back, its
effects will be almost sure to appear in the offspring, even of the third generation — nut only
as it affects the form of the animal, but also as relates to his powers of endurance when put
to a severe test. It is not in actual speed that the stain will be shown, but rather in bottom —
for many a cocktail can race for a quarter of a mile with a thorough bred, though in a four
mile heat the latter will be first and the former no where.

A farmer who commences to breed either cattle or sheep, ought first to make a deliberate
decision as to the precise excellencies which he wishes his flock to possess, and next a very
careful selection of a mile who exhibits these excellencies in the fullest development, and in
freedom from accompanying defects. If he breed at one time with a view of obtaining ani-
mals with one set of properties, and at another time with the view of obtaining animals with
a different set of properties, he is almost certain to miss the attainment of both sets of
properties, or, at best, to obtain them in a very deteriorated condition. But if he decide on
precise properties, and use only males which purely and prominently possess them, and stead-
ily prosecute the establishment of them in all his stock, he is morally and even physically
certain of becoming the owner of flocks which shall exhibit them in perfection. Yet, the
selected males ought not alone to possess the desired properties full and un contaminated, but
to be the descendants of a series of progenitors who also thus possess them; and if they are
themselves sires, their offspring must likewise, and most especially thus possess them; for
unless a counteracting power can be distinctly ascribed to the dams, the offspring already ex-
isting is, in all respects, a type of that which may afterwards be produced.

Lord Spencer's rules for the selection of males, though in some degree a refutation of what
we briefly stated on the subject of "points," are well worthy of being quoted : '"The first
' things to be considered in the selection of a male animal are the indications by which it may
' be possible to form a judgment as to his constitution. In all animals a wide chest indicates
' strength of constitution, aud there can be no doubt that this is the point of shape to which it
' is most material for any breeder to look in the selection either of a bull or ram, or other ani
' mal intended for a sire. In order to ascertain that the chest of these animals is wide, it is
' not sufficient to observe that they have wide bosoms, but the width which is perceived by
' looking at them in the front should be continued along the brisket, which ought to show
4 great fullness in the part which is just under the elbows; it is also necessary that they should
' be what is called thick through the heart. Another indication of a good constitution is, that
'a male animal should have a masculine appearance. With this view, a certain degree of
'coarseness is by no means objectionable; but this coarseness should not be such as would be
' likely to show itself in a castrated animal, because it thus might happen that the oxen or
' wethers produced by such a sire would be coarse also, which in them would be a fault. An-

272 KEPORT OF THE

• other point to be attended to, not merely as an indication of a good constitution, but as a merit
' in itself, is, that an Animal should exhibit great muscular power, or rather that his muscles
' should be large. This is an usual accompaniment of strength of constitution; but it also shows

• that there will be a good proportionate mixture of lean and fat in the meat produced from the
'animal, the muscles being that part which in meat is lean. A thick neck is, in both bulls
•and rams, a proof of the muscles being large, and there can hardly be a greater fault in the
' shape of a male animal of either sort than his having a thin neck. I am inclined to say, that
' in the new Leicester breed of sheep, which is the breed to which T am accustomed, a rain's
' neck cannot be too thick. Other indications of muscle are more difficult to observe in sheep
' than in cattle. In a bull, there ought to be a lull muscle on each side of the back bone, just,
' behind the top of the shoulder blade; he ought, also, to have the muscles on the outside of
' the thigh full, and extending down nearly to the hough. It will seldom happen that a bull
' having these indications will be found deficient in muscle. It is obviously impossible to ex-
' press in words what is meant by good handling; farmers, for whom I write, will understand
' this. It is sufficient to say, therefore, that no male animal is fit to be used at all as a sire,
'" whose handling is not good, and that the more perfect his shape is the better."

The system of breeding within near degrees of consanguity, or, in farmers' language, of
breeding in and in, so as to perpetuate a stock of sheep or cattle solely from its own bulls and
rams, his been - the topic of much discussion, and was long the subject of divided and unset-
tled opinion. The degiees of consanguinity vary according to the size and circumstances of dif
ferent flocks, but may, in a general view, be regarded as strictly parallel to those which pro-
hibit marriage among the human species.

The celebrated improver, Bakewell, after bringing his Leicester sheep and his long horn
cattle to perfection, always bred from his own stock, and thoroughly succeeded in preserving it
from every appearance of degeneracy. Mr. Mason, of Chilton, successfully pursued for a
time the same course. Other distinguished breeders have also, with various degrees of suc-
cess, and for periods of various length, pursued it. A considerable number of breeders of the
present day, particularly in England, still practice it, and regard it as the best; and several
naturalists have appealed, for the vindication of it, to facts in the economy of wild animals,
and especially in the instance of the exceedingly prolonged consanguineous propagation of the
flock of wild cattle at Chillingham Park.

" Mr Bakewell," says Mr Culley, "has not had a cross from any other breed than his own
' for upwards of twenty years; his best stock has been bred by the nearest affinities; yet thev
' have not decreased in size, neither are they less hardy, or more liable to disorders; but, on
' the. contrary, have kept on a progressive state of improvement. But one of the most con-
' elusive arguments that crossing with different stock is not necessary to secure size, hardi-
' ness, &c, is the breed of wild cattle in Chillingham Park, in the county Northumberland.
' It is well known that these cattle have been confined in this P;trk for several hundred years,
' without any intermixture, and are perhaps the purest breed of cattle of any in the Kingdom;
' and though bred from the nearest affinities in every possible degree, yet we find them ex-
'. ceedingly hardy, healthy, and well formed, and their size, as well as color, and many other
' particulars and peculiarities, the same as they were five hundred years ago." Mr. Napier
quotes this passage, and appears to concur in it; and Mr. Hay ward argues at much length, on
a diversity of grounds, and in formal opposition to Sir John Sinclair, in support of the doc-
trine which it inculcates. Yet the true law of either improving or undeteriorating propaga
tion, so far as we can deduce it from a vast mass of conflicting observations is, that consan
guineousness of breeding, viewed apart from other controlling or modifying circumstances,
acts indifferently in the wild state of animals, and has a deteriorating tendency in the exact
ratio of domestication.

Mr. Bakewell, by a choice selection of individuals, improved his breeds up to the highest
possible pitch, which became identical with the utmost possible degree of domestication; and
he afterwards preserved his flocks from degenerating, only by careful attention to the utmost
attainable proprieties of pairing, and especially by a constant and costly provision of the fit-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 273

test climate, the amplest shelter, and the richest food. But had he either permitted hig im-
proved breeds promiscuous intercourse, or allowed them to live under the ordinary contuions of
common pasturage on a common farm, he would probably have witnessed a deterioration al-
most as rapid as the previous improvement. His breeds, too, were but newly formed; they,
under his own management, came for the first time into the possession of the characteristic
properties which constituted them varieties of their species, and they, therefore, in all or any
of their tendencies to degeneracy, were no more parallel to the long established good breeds
of the present day than a hybrid plant of the first generation is parallel to a hybrid of the
fourth or sixth generation. But the wild cattle of Chillingham Park are almost contrasts,
rather than parallels, for they have no properties whatever of a "breed;" no qualities of a
mere variety; no "points" whatever of the very numerous and diversified class which charac-
terize the countless breeds of domestic animals, and distinguish them from the untamed
brutes of the forest; and of course they could not degenerate; they could not lose or deterio-
rate properties which they did not possess. The acquisition of such properties as constitute r
changeable variety is inseparable from domestication,- the production of many and diversified
groups of them is what constitutes the Dumerousness of the varieties of any species of do
mestic animals; the segregating a groupof good ones to the exe'usion of the bad, is what con,
stitutesthe art of breeding, and hence the very proportion to whi h high breeding is cair'ed
becomes, at the same time, both the proportion of domestication, and the proportion of lia-
bility to deterioration from breeding in-and-in.

Consanguineous breeding operates with full advantage in forming a new breed, or in devel-
oping and establishing any attainable new group of new properties which may be desirable;
but it ought to be thoroughly abandoned the moment the new breed is fairly form pd, and
never practised for the perpetuation of a breed which is well established. It originated th©
good sheep and cattle breeds of Bakewell, and the excellent cattle breed of Colling; but it
first degenerated, and then utterly destroyed the new Leicester breed of cattle, and has, on
multitudes of farms, impaired the constitution, and deteriorated the value of the new Leices-
ter sheep and the short-horned cattle.

After a breed is formed, the continuance of it by breeding in-and-in may, indeed, produce
one generation or two generations of animals of extraordinary tendency to fatness, of re-
markable form, and sometimes saleable at enormous prices, but it will just as certainly occas-
sion the subsequent generations to be far more than proportionally degenerated in precisely
the same properties. The bone of the in-and-in bred animal becomes very small in size,
condensed in texture, and fine in form; the skin becomes very thin and porous, and ceases to
afford any effectual protection against catarrh, consumption, and some other diseases; the hair
of the ox becomes thin, short, and smooth, and the wool of the sheep thin, short, and watery;
the body becomes finely- rounded at its salient points, and looks as if delicately stuffed withiu
the skin; the carcass becomes greatly reduced in size, and possesses so powerful a tendency to
fatten that in all ordinary circumstances it looks as if in constant condition for the shambles;
the extremities become fine and delicate, the head and the feet small, the neck thin and droop-
ing, the ears thin and broad, and the head of the sheep bluish, almost bare, and exceedingly
subject to excoriation by the sun and to attacks from the fly. The entire animal decreases in
healthiness and activity, acquires tendencies to disease, becomes lean, dwarfish, and of a sick-
ly appetite, and eventually lo >ses the very capacity of propagation. The celebrated breeder.
Prinsep, used strenuous and expensive efforts, but without effect, to prevent in and in breed
cattle from diminishing in size. Sir John S. Sebright made many experiments by breeding in
and in with dogs, pigeons, and farmyard fowls, and found the breeds in every instance to de.
generate; and a friend of my own tried in-and-in breeding with pigs till he found the females
either becoming totally barren, or producing an offspring so small and delicate as to die al
most immediately after being born. Mr. Hay ward, who strenuously pleads for in-and-in bred-
in' er , says respecting these instances:" "It may be remarked, that pigeons, dogs, and fowls,
'from their long domestication, are already as much removed from a state of nature as nature
' will admit of; and being bred and fed more to please the fancy than for any defined object, it

2 i 4 REPORT OF THE

' frequently happens that the most desired qualities are the effect of disease or distortion; and,
' therefore, on the principles laid down, it might be expected that weak, diseased, or defective
' males and females being selected and paired would produce those that are still more so."
We hold this to be a full, though extorted confession, from one of the sturdiest advocates of
consanguineous breeding, that the system, as regards all domesticated animals, and especially
those that have become divided into many varieties or breeds, is essentially and mightily mis-
chievous. For since degeneracy actually follows, no practical man cares a rush whether this
be ascribed to in and in breeding itself, or to the mere accidents or accompaniments of in and-
in breeding; and absolutely all the properties which distinguish the domesticated, from the
wild animals of a species may, on certain principles of abstract or scientific reasoning, be pro
nounccd distortions from nature, or diseased malformations; and, at all events, the most use-
ful, or the most agricultural of them, possess the same tendency to deteriorate and disappear
as those which address themselves chiefly to the fancy, or are most confessedly ; 'the effects of
disease or distortion." Every breeder, then, who possesses a good stock, and wishes to pre-
vent it from degenerating, must, every third or fourth year, introduce to it a new male, and
banish from it the old. The new male ought, as nearly as possible, to be of the same variety
or shade of breed as the old, and from a pasturage and climate strictly similar; they ought, ia
fact, to be quite the same in all respects as the old, with the simple difference of possessing no
relationship, or at least, a very distant one; yet, when the stock is not of prime quality, the
new males ought of course to possess not only all the same excellencies as the flock, but a'so
the additional ones which the flock wants.

In the human family intermarriages amongst near relations — such as cousins — are strongly
objected to by all human physiologists, who regard it as the fertile source of many diseases,
and more particularly those affecting the mind. Insanity, consumptions, and even b.irrenness,
are considered to be the consequences of these two close alliances. Man, from his more per-
fect and complex organization, is liable to many more diseases than affect the brute creation,
and particularly those of an hereditary character; thus, in his case, the danger from breeding
from two near consanguinities is greatly increased. It is, however, an interesting and a very
important question to determine, whether these undoubted dangerous sequels arise from mere-
ly the increased predisposition to particular diseases, kept up and increased by the idiosyncra-
cies of both parents, or whether it be owing to some unknown and mysterious causes peculiar
to in and in breeding, and which cannot be seperated therefrom.

It is however necessary to understand what is meant by in and in breeding, as its good and
bad effects depend very much on the extent to which it is carried. If we consider that every
animal possesses the organization of b >th its parents, such as the locomotive system of the
sire, and the sensitive system of the dam, the male and female progeny of these parents may
both possess the same organization, such as the external form of the sire and the internal
Btructure of the dam; or otherwise, one may possess the locomotive system of the mother, and
the sensitive system of the father. In the former instance, supposing these animals unite, the
effects of in-and in breeding are much stronger than in the latter, for both the locomotive and
the sensitive system of the original mile parent may be developed in the grand son, and with
it all the faults which the grand sire possessed, without any modification or alleviation. If, on
the other hand, his brother and sister which are thus paired, possess opposite systems, then
their progeny are likely to possess the peculiarities of both grand parents, and then no ill ef
feet may arise. A much stronger example of in and in breeding is when the father first copu-
lates with the daughter, and then with the issue of this union, namely, the grand daughter;
then the chances are three to one th*t the offspring of the latter union will possess both the
internal and external systems of the sire, weakened instead of strengthened by this successive
interunion. The dangers of this very close breeding are certainly very great, and it is a prac-
tice by no means to be recommended.

In th >se instances where in and in breeding has been successfully adopted, (and it must be
confessed that it has been practiced by many eminent breeders with great success.) it has rare-
ly been carried so far as the cases we have just supposed; and it must be remarked, that their

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 275

extensive herds and flocks have afforded them a much wider range than the first remove.
They have also exercised a rigorous selection, never breeding from unhealthy or faulty pa-
rents. By this careful weeding, the very evils which in-and in breeding is calculated to pro-
duee are successfully avoided.

It is to be observed, that though the celebrated Bakewell established the new Leicester breed
of sheep by means of successful and careful crossing,* yet, when he had reached a certain de-
gree of excellence, and had attained most of the points he aimed at, he maintained and stiU
further improved his sheep by the most careful selection and in and in breeding; and he did so
on the principle that, as his own sheep were much superior to any others, he could not em-
ploy any foreign rams without danger of deteriorating his sheep.

The practical conclusions which we are ju?tified in drawing, are —

1st That in and in breeding is not attended with equally unfavorable results amongst ani-
mals as with man, which is to be attributed to the absence of various mental diseases in the
former, and to the greater selection which is almost invariably adopted

2d. That the evils which often follow in and in breeding can, to a great extent, be avoided
by judicious selection and careful weeding; but that when a male of equal qualifications in
every respect can be obtained from another herd or flock, it is desirnble to avail ourselves of
the opportunity, in preference to using a male of the same family.

The system of crossing is generally understood to refer to the alliance of animals of differ-
ent breeds — such as between a thorough bred and half bred amongst horses, or a Southdown
and Leicester amongst sheep — and the advantages or disadvantages of this system depend en-
tirely on the object we huve in view ; hence, the reader will see, were we to enter into the
merits and demerits of this subject here, to what a length we should be obliged to extend this
essay. However, I shall make one or two remarks on the subject at the expense of a little
time, on account of their usefulness. It is a fixed maxim, if we wish to instil more activity
into the cart horse, or broad tread, (as they are termed in this country,) that it is better to do
so by means of a half-bred animal, whilst the latter can be improved by the three-parts bred
horse, and this again by the thorough-bred. There is a remarkable tendency in breeding for
both good qualities and bad to disappear for one or two generations, and to reappear in the
second or third. Thus, an animal resembles, very often, the grand-dam more than the dam.
This peculiarity is itself an objection to the practice of crossing, as it tends to prevent uni-
formity and to encourage contrarieties ; and thus we find in many flocks and herds that the
hopes of the breeders have been entirely baffled and a race of mongrels established. The
first cross is generally successful ; a tolerable degree of uniformity is produced, resembling
in external conformation the sire, which is usually of a superior breed, and thus the offspring
are superior to the dams. The cross bred animals are now paired amongst each other, and
what is the consequence ? Uniformity at once disappears. Some of the offspring resemble
the graudsire, and some the granddams, and some possess the disposition and constitution of
the one, and some of the other, and consequently a race of mongrels is perpetuated. If, how-
ever, the cross is really a good and desirable one, then, by means of continued and rigorous
selection pursued for several generations — that is, by casting aside, as regards breeding pur-
poses, every animal that does not exhibit uniformity, or possesses the qualifications we are
desirous of perpeluiting — a valuable breed of animals may, in the course of time, be estab-
lished. By this system I have known many varieties of sheep so far improved as to become
almost new breeds. To cross, however, for crossing sake merely — to do so without that care
and vigilance deemed so essential — is a practice which cannot be too much condemned. It is^
in fact, a national evil, a sin against society and one which, by every prudent and good far-
mer should be most carefully avoided.

In order to prevent at once unsuitable pairing in properties, breeding at an improper age s
and breeding at an unsuitable season of the year, the male3 of a breeding stock ought to be
Bepirately depastured from the females, and not permitted access to the latter except by rule

* The practice of crossing might, at first sialic, appear to be but the converse of breeding
in and in, but it really involves additional elements, and is a fit subject for separate discussion.

276 REPORT OF THE

and under system ; and in order to prevent the transmission of such half tender habits as
might not be able to withstand the ordinary pasturing conditions of a farm, the males ought,
not to be kept under better shelter, or in more luxuriant circumstances than the females. As
a general rule a heifer should never be put to the bull, nor an ewe to a ram, until they have
attained two years old. A bull should never be used at an earlier age than two years, and
aot put to general use until three years old. A ram may be put to twenty ewes the fall after
he has attained his first year, but not to general use until after two years old. Many contend
shat the offspring of a bull or ram, if well bred, becomes generally better until their constitu
tion is impaired by age. This doctrine, however, does not agree with the practice of that
great breeder, Mr. Vandergoes, in Holland, nor can the question be finally decided without a
regular course of experiments.

The respective influence of the parents in determining the sex of the offspring, is involved
in very considerable mystery. Nature seems to have provided that the sexes should be pretty
well balanced, buthas refused to develop the causes which decide them. Physiologists differ-
much in opinion, a3 to whether the sex is determined by the mother or the sire — some suppo-
sing the former and some the latter. Sir Everard Home, a distinguished physiologist, was of
opinion, " that the ovum, or germ, previous to impregnation, is of no sex, but is so formed as
to be equally fitted to become male or female, and that it is the process of impregnation which
marks the sex, and forms either male or female generative organs ; that before the fourth
month the sex cannot be said to be confirmed, but that the parts previously are so blended
Chat either the one or the other may be formed therefrom, as the tendency towards the pater-
nal or maternal type may preponderate." This would account for the disposition which some
animals have to beget a greater number of one sex or the other.

Mr. Knight, the celebrated naturalist, was inclined to the opinion that the female is princi-
pally concerned in the development of the sex. He says: " In several species of domesti
cated animals, (I believe in all,) particular females are found to produce a majority of off
spring of the same sex ; and I have proved repeatedly that by dividing a herd of thiFty cows
into three equal part3, I could calculate ou a large majority of females from one part, males
from another, and upon nearly an equal number of males and females from the remainder. I
frequently endeavored to change the habits, by changing the males, but without success."

In the "Pbylosophical Transactions" of the year 1787, mention is made of a gentleman who
was the youngest of forty sons, all produced in sucession from three different wives, by one
father, in, Ireland. An instance is also recorded of seven successive daughters born to a man
by his first wife, and of seven sons by his second wife.

A natural law is believed to exist, occasioning an excess of males or females in a flock,
according to modifying circumstances, which are in a great degree under the control of the
farmer.

This law is supposed to be, that when animals are in good condition, well fed, and res-
trained in breeding, or when by any combination of circumstances, they are in the most favora
ble state for increase, they produce an excess of females, and when they are in a bad climate,
or on stinted pasture, or have already had a numerous offspring, they produce an excess of
males. But whatever be the precise nature of the law itself, some experiments which in-
dicate and illustrate it, are sufficiently obvious for many of the purposes of pracitcal guidance,
a few of which I shall here relate.

M Charles Giron de Bugareingues proposed, in 1826, to the Agricultural Society of Severac,
in France, so to deal with flocks of sheep that an excess of males or females should be pro-
duced at option. He divided each of two flocks that were submitted to him into two equal
parts, the one to produce an excess of males, and the other an excess of females; he recom
mended that the divisions which were designed for the excess of females should be served by
very young rams, and enjoy an abundance of pasture, and that the devisions designed for the
excess of males should be served by vigorous rams of four or five years of age, and enjoy no
more than a moderate pasturage. In the first experiment the division for excess of females
were served by one ram of fifteen months old, and another of two years of age, and the two-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 277

year old ewes of it produced fourteen males and twenty six females; the three-year old ewes
produced sixteen males and twenty-nine females; the four-year old ewes produced five males
and twenty-one females; and the ewes of fire years and upwards produced eighteen males and
eight females; thus showing a complete triumph of the principle in all the ewes below five
years of age, to the total amount of seventy six females against thirty five males, but at the
same time showing a failure, or rather misapplication of the principle, in the case of the older
ewes, in the proportion of eighteen males to eight females. The division for excess of males
were served by two strong rams of respectively four and five years of age, and the two-year
old ewes of it produced seven males and three females; the three year old ewes produced
fifteen males and fourteen females; the four year old ewes produced thirty three males and
fourteen females; and the ewes of five years and upwards produced twenty-five males and
twenty four females; thus showing a triumph of the p-inciple in the aggregate of the divis-
ion to the amount of eighty males against fifty -five females.

The second experiment is reported as follows: " During the summer of 1826, M. Cour
' mejouls kept, upon a very dry pasture, belonging to the village of Bez, a flock of one hun-
' dred and six ewes, of which eighty four belonged to himself, and twenty two to his shep-
' herds. Towards the end of October he divided his flock into two sections of forty two
' heads each, the one composed of the strongest ewes from four to five years old, the other of
' the weakest ewes under four, or above five years old. The first was destined to produce a
'greater number of females than the second, After the first were marked in my presence,
'they were taken to much better pasture behind Panouse, where they were duly delivered to
' four male lambs, about six months old, and of good promise. The second remained on the
' pasture of Bez, and was served by two strong rams, more than three years old. The ewes
' belonging to the Shepherds, which I will consider as forming a third section, were generally
' stronger and in better condition than those of the master, were mixed with those of the se-
' cond flock. The result was that the first section gave fifteen males and twenty-five females;
' the second gave twenty six males and fourteen females, and the third ten males and twelve
' females."

M. Giron also made similar experiments with horses and cattle, and found them issuing in
similar results.

It will not be irrelevant to our subject, to hear what the great Dr. William Harvey, the
discoverer of the circulation of the blood says, in relation to this whole matter, in his treatise
on "the Generation of Animals." "Physicians, he says, following Galen, teach that out of
' the seed of male and female mingled in coition, according to the predominant power of thit
' or that, the child resembles either this or that parent, and is also either male or female.
' Sometimes they pronounce the male's seed to be the efficient cause, and the female's the ma-
'terial, and sometimes again the clear contrary. But Aristotle, (nature's most diligent
. searcher,) affirms that the male and female are the principles of generation, and she con-
' tributes the matter, and he the form; and that forthwith after coition, there is formed iu the
'womb, out of the menstrous blood, the vital principle, and first particle of the future tcetus,
'namely, the heart, in creatures that have blood." "But" he says, "that these are false and
'rash assertions, will soon appear, and will, like clouds, instantly banish, when the light of
'anatomical dissection breaks forth, nor will they require any elaborate confutation, when the
' reader, instructed by his own eyes, shall discover the contrary by his ocular inspection, and
'shall also understand how unsafe and degenerate a thing it is to be tutored by other men's
• commentaries, without making trial of the things themselves, especially since nature's book
'is so open and so legible. Although it be a more new and difficult way to find out the na-
' ture of things, by the things themselves, than by reading of books, to take our knowledge
' upon trust from the opinions of philosophers, yet must it needs be confessed, that the lormer
'is much more open, and less fraudulent, especially in the secrets relating to natural philos-
'ophy; nor is there any reason why man should be detered by the trouble of it, were not
'most of men by the custom, or rather fault, of the age we live in, yield themselves up to
' sluggishness, and desire rather to err with the many, than with the expense of their paine

278 REPORT OF THE

•and coin endeavor to be wise with the few, notwithstanding the ancient philosophers went a
'quite contrary way to work, and by indefatigable toil, searching after several experiments,
' have set up a clear light to direct our studies." Then follows a host of experiments and
researches made with the eggs of the hen, all tending to show the greater influence of the
female than of the male, the most remarkable of which I will here relate in his own words:
"And here the experimnt of poor women is of use, which having. a hen at home, but never a
'cock, they commit her for a day or two to a neighbor's cock, and from that small communi-
' cation, all her eggs succeed fruitful for all that season; that is, not only those eggs whi.h now
' are yolks, and only want a white, but even those eggs also which are not begun yet at all,
' and are to be conceived a great while hence, are all rendered fruitful by the same virtue!"

The only conclusion we can come to, from these several and contradictory statements is,
that both the male and female possess a certain degree of influence in determining the sex;
that sometimes the one operates, and sometimes the other. There is also much weight to be
attached to the opinion, that when the male is older than the female the majority of the off-
spring are likely to be males.

An Essay written in Kentucky, "On breeding Animals for the Farm," would, I fear, be
considered incomplete, were we not to devote a paragraph to mules and jacks.

To Mr. Samuel Wyllis Pomeioy, (formerly a resident of Massachusetts, but now I believe
residing at, and the owner of the Pomeroy Coal Mines on the Ohio river,) we are indebted
for more information respecting these two animals, and their history, than to any other wri-
ter in the English language on the same subject; to every word of which, from my own ex-
perience in search of them, I willingly testify; and would refer my readers to that work on
the "Mule and Ass" for information, as it is to be found embodied in almost every veterinary
work published within the last ten years.

With this full and valuable treatise, so easily within the reach of all, I feel it would be a
work of supererogation on my part to say more upon tfi'e subject, than call the attention of
our intelligent farmers to their system of breeding and feeding both animals, and that prac-
ticed by the farmers of Europe, to which, when they turn their thoughts and draw compari
sons, I doubt not they will quickly apply a remedy and corrective.

All that has been said in the foregoing pages, to guide us in the selection of a stallion for
our mares, is equally applicable and of as full force in the selection of a jack, either for the
production of its own species or that of mules.

If the rule laid down by all experienced breeders be true," that to keep upthe good qualities
we desire to perpetuate, in any race of domesticated animals, must be done through the male,
and that that male must not be larger than the female, and must possess all those essentially
good qualities, or we fail," most certainly our practice in this country, in that respect, must
be false and wrong. In the choice of our male ass, all other qualifications are made secon-
dary to height. And what is the result ? Why, simply this, that we have now amongst us a
□ umber of male asses of extraordinary and unequalled height, of immense nominal value oa
account of that height alone, but entirely destitute of those qualities for which these animals
are so justly prized in every other country in the world, and for which alone we ought to value
them here.

Let us " look upon this picture, and then upon that," and let us compare;

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

279

TUTS PICTURE.

THE AMERICAN MALE ASS.

The Animul — Tall, coarse, and ungainly,
with long legs.

Height--Never satisfied at less than six-
teen h ind-», and over, if possible.

Chest — Sniill, narrow and contracted.

Consequence — Bad lungs, weak constitu
tion, tendency to disease and short life.

Average of Life — From twelve to fifteen
years — very rarely, if ever, reaching twenty
years.

Body — Long, thin, and slab sided.

Belly — Gaunt, the last ribs very short, and
in appearance like a race horse on the muzzle.

Back — Long, and dipped at the loins.

Muscle — None developed.

Consequence — Sluggish, inactive and pow-
erless.

Eve — Dull, dim, small and sunken.

Ear — Flabby and very large.

Color — Any and every shade.

Hair — Short and thin.

THAT PICTURE.

THE EUROPEAN AND EGYPTIAN ASS.

The Animal — Medium height, short legs,
and very compact.

Height — Rarely over fifteen hands, oftener
under fifteeu hands.

Chest — Deep and capacious.

Consequence — Large lungs, robust consti-
tion, freedom from disease and long life.

Average of Life — From thirty to forty
years, and, in many instances, filty years.

Body — Short, round and deep ribbed.

Belly — Full and capacious — the last ribs
long and well coupled.

Back — Short and rounded at the loins.

Muscle — Full and well developed.

Consequence — Active, vigorous and pow-
erful.

Eye — Bright and prominent.

Ear — Erect, and not too long or large.

Color — Invariably dark, with gray muzzle
and flank.

Hair — Long and thick.

The American female ass, generally, is much better proportioned than the male, but yet
wants improvement in many respects, and in none more than in those points which denote a
strong and robust constitution.

The male colt in Europe, intended to serve mares to beget mules, are generally taken from
their dam and suckled by a mare.

All the imperfections here noted, or nearly all, are encouraged by the manner in which the
American ass is kept in his youth, giving him a forced mushroom growth, by over feeding and
putting up fat, at the expense of muscle and lean flesh, as well as general good health, and
thereby rendering him less fitted for his future destiny as a useful, healthy, vigorous, and ro-
bust sire.

We shall now describe the mule of both countries.

Here, we have a tall, long legged, narrow chested, sluggish and inactive animal, without
muscle, and consequently without strength; at two years old fully 16 hands high, bloated and
overloaded with fat, appetites palled and dainty, and consequently filled with the seeds of dis-
ease; sent off to the southern planter, who buys him at a high price, puts him to work, and
kills him, or renders him useless, before he reaches his seventh year, and then contents him-
self by ascribing this wholesale destruction to the climate.

In Europe and in Egypt, they have a medium sized mule, seldom reaching 16 hands high,
with deep and wide chests, full of muscle and sinew, strong, active, and sure footed, fed just
enough to keep up their flesh and growth, without palling their appetites, or making them over-
fat, sheltered from the weather, never getting grain in the summer, and but little in the winter
until put to work, and never worked until four years old past, and but very gently the first year
The consequeuce is, the mule there is always ready to pack his 400 to 600 pounds, or draw on
his dray his ton weight; and the average age to which they live is between 30 and 40 years,
and disease of any kind is entirely unknown amongst them-

The southern planter must be a much less intelligent man than he is generally reputed to be
or we must predict that the day is very near at hand when he will reject altogether the over-
grown, overfed, premature, monster he now gets, and look for a medium sized, well developed
animal, with robust constitution, and over four years old; when he does this we will then hear
of the same mules passing from father to son with the plantation, and not unfrequently to the
grandson.

Such mules can only be procured by putting large, sound, well shaped mares to a medium
sized, well shaped, muscular and robust constitutioned jack, and allowing the offspring good
and plentiful feeding, and ample time to form their bone, and develope their muscle, and not

280 REPORT OF THE

force them by their present hot bed and expensive system into prematureness, fill them with
disease, and lay the foundation of an unnaturally short and comparatively useless life.

I will not, I trust, be condemned for setting before you some things which, at first blush,
may seem fabulous and fictitious. For, as all things are not to be received with two much
credulity, so those things which have been long and exactly considered are not utterly to be
despised, "though they do not appear so rare to sharp witted men."

Aristotle, in his book called "Mirabilibus Auditis," or "Hearsay Wonders," says, "we must

* not only pay thanks to them, to whose opinions a man may safely subscribe, but to those also
' who have spoken superficially to the purpose; for even they, also, are of some use, for they
' exercise our habits."

I shall content myself, if by what I lay before you I shall awaken the wits of more industri-
ous and wiser head3 to thinking and experiment.

Man cannot search after a more august theorem, nor learn anything of more use than this,
namely, how all things are produced by an univocal agent? or after what manner the same
thing doth generate the same? Just in this manner the sou is born like the father, and the
virtues which ennoble a family, and the hereditary vices also, are sometimes, after many gen-
erations, transported to posterity, nay, succession has, at a vast remote, repeated the very
moles, warts, and scars which the great grand sires formerly wore.

Pliny says, "the mark of the family is repeated in the arras of the Daci, every fourth birth.
' That mind, opinion, and these very manners, which are now out of use, may many years
'hence, (when all those are decryed which are now received,) return again. For the eternal
' mind of the Divine Creator, which is imprinted in all things, doth create the image of itself
' in human conceptions."

The great dictator of philosophy says, "other creatures (beside man) have fancies and mem-
' ories, but have no title to experience. But, men have arts, and ratiocination; and to them ex.
'perience comes by remembrance, for many recordations of the same thing, make one expe-

* rience. Wherefore experience seems much of kin to art, and science: for by experience,
' men gain both art and science. Experience begets art, but inexperience, chance. No man
' can be called prudent, or knowing who doth not, by his own experience, attained by manifold
' remembrance and diligent observation, know things to be so."

Give me leave therefore, friendly reader, to whisper this to thine ear: Be sure to weigh all
I have here delivered to you in the steady scale of experiment, and give no longer credence to
it than von perceive it to be surely bottomed by the faithful testimony of your own eyes. If
you do otherwise you may get a tumid and floating opinion, but never a solid and infallible
knowledge, as it happens to those who see foreign countries only in maps, and the bowels of
men and animals falsely described in anatomical tables, for, hence it is, that we have so many
sophisters.

Thus much I think fit to premise, that you may understand upon what consideration I am
induced to communicate my observations, and in the hope that you, viewing nature in her
own glass, may search out many things yet unrevealed, and perhaps much more precious.

Nature herself must be our adviser. The path which she chalks out must be our walk; for
so while we confer with our own eyes, and take our rise from meaner things to higher, we
shall at length be received into her closet secrets.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 281

Fssay on the Cultivation of Fruit and Fruit Trees, of Kentucky, by J. N.

Withers.

The chief business of private life in the country, consists in the occupation of housewifery,
agriculture and gardening. Gardening, to a portion of which branch we wish here to confine
ourselves, as compared with agriculture, is the cultivation of a limited spot by manual labor,
for culinary and ornamental products, but owing to the present improved state of the art, it
may be defined the formation and culture, by manual labor, of a scene more or less extended,
for the various purposes of utility, ornament and recreation. Thus gardening, like most other
arts, had its origin in the supply of a primitive want ; and as wants grew into desires, and
desires increased, and became more luxurious and refined, its objects and its province ex-
tended, till from an enclosure of a few yards square it has expanded to a park of several
miles in circuit, producing for its possessor the fruits of every country and clime.

Tne products of the orchard form important articles of human food, for all ranks of soci-
ety, and furnish the chief luxuries of the rich and the main support of the families of the
poor. An orchard, to a workman residing in the country, forms a deposit for his spare labor,
and is, therefore, a certain source of profit, as well as of pleasureable recreation. . One of
the first objects of a colonist, upon his arrival at the settlement, is to plant an orchard, as a
proof of possession and a pledge of future enjoyment ; and indeed the history of the civiliza-
tion of mankind bears evidence, that there are few benefits which a cultivated people can be-
stow on savage tribes, greater than that of distributing among them seeds of good fruits, and
teaching them their culture. From the course pursued by the first settlers, of procuring an
orchard, being compelled on account of the length of the journey to bring only seed, have
scattered over the whole length and breadth of the State innumerable varieties of different
fruits, the greater portion of which are almost worthless, but the small portion that are good
are superior to those brought from other latitudes, on account of their being perfectly suited
to our climate and soil. We have, from time to time, received trees of various kinds of the
best northern fruit, which, as is invariably the case, have been grown in very thick nursery
rows, where their stems have never been accustomed to the rays of the sun, even in the
northern latitude, therefore, tikingthem from their shaded position, bringing them to a differ-
ent climate, and setting them in a different soil, their stems cannot stand our scorching sun,
and it is almost invariably the case that it takes such trees one, two, or sometimes even three
years to make a start to grow. But the greatest disadvantage is not so much the tree as the
fruit, for many of the very best northern varieties of fruit prove utterly worthless here.

Every year's experience teaches us that no fruit can be grown as near perfection out of the
latitude as it can in the latitude where it originated. To insure successful cultivation we
must have varieties that are adapted to the peculiarities of our soil and climate. The fact is
well established, that the fruit which succeeds best in peculiar localities are those which orig-
inated there, or in others slightly different. Therefore, to secure success in fruit culture, we
must either procure varieties that have originated here, or else get varieties that, after close
observation, appear to be adapted to our climate. With these facts and disadvantages before
us, which it is not within our power to remedy, so long as we continue to purchase trees from
northern nurserymen, whose agents are continually flooding the country, but as we have a
climate unsurpassed, and a soil naturally adapted to the production of fruit, and many other
advantages that we possess over our northern neighbors, affording us the opportunity of ma-
king this the Eden of the Union.

My advice to all the lovers of good fruit would be, to plant every good seed you can get.
We mean the sepd of those fruits which succeed best here; by such a course, we think, in a
few years we could take premiums over the northern fruit at the different state fairs through-
out the Union.

A common practice among those that raise fruit trees from seed is, in the second or third
year, to select such plants as have broad and roundish leaves, throwing away the rest, expe-
rience having taught that the former more frequently produces fruit of improved quality, or
at least larger, than those plants which have narrow pointed leaves; the width and thickness

282 EEPORT OF THE

of the leaf generally indicates the size of the future fruit, but will by no means convey any
correct idea of its future merit.

THE SITUATION AC., OF AN ORCHARD.

When you have determined to plant an orchard, select a piece of ground containing as ma-
ny advantages as possible. The situation should be one that has a free circulation of air,
and exposed to the south, with a slight inclination to the east. When the siruation is low and
close they are liable to become mossy, which closes up the pores of the wood, and are more
liable to be affected with the blight. Although having an orchard closely pent up by trees,
&c, is injurious, nevertheless a screen of forrest trees north of the orchard, at such a dis-
tance from the fruit trees as that the latter will not be shaded by them, is of very great ad-
vantage in protecting the trees from severe cold winds in the spring.

A strung rich loamy soil, not too retentive of moisture, is the most suitable for an orchard.
Great attention must be paid to the substratum, for if the top soil be ever so good, and the
bottom wet, it is of very rare occurrence that the trees prosper many years, when they begin
to be diseased and finally go to decay. Previous to laying out an orchard, if it is not rich, it
should be heavily manured, and pulverised to a great depth, that the roots in quest of nutri-
ment may have no objects to contend against. If the orchard is to be made from a meadow
the ground should be improved as much as possible by manuring, if necessary, and frequent
ploughings and harrowings, as newly planted trees are very liable to burn out during our hot
summers, when planted in heavy sod ground. At the time of planting let the holes be dug
much larger than is necessary to admit the roots spread out in their natural position, and of a
depth sufficient to admit of a foot of finely pulverised earth to be thrown in before plant-
ing.

TRANSPLANTING.

In transplanting trees they should not be placed more than an inch or two deeper than
they were in the nursery, ani the earth intended for filling in with should be well pulverised,
and of the best quality. The trees in planting should several times be shaken, so as to cause
an equal distribution of the fin >r particles of earth to be connected with the smaller fibres of
the roots, and when the hole is half full throw on a bucket of water, after which fill it up
level and then throw on another bucket of water, which settles the earth compactly around
the roots.

STAKING.

If the stem of a tree is rocked by the wind, the root is prevented from shooting new fibres;
the ground is also opened so that in winter frost penetrates, and in summer hot drying winds.
Having set up a fiim stake to each newly planted tree, wrap the stem of the tree with some
soft material to prevent it from rubbing, and then with some of the same tie it firmly to the
stake.

MULCHING.

Around the stem of each tree, a foot or eighteen inches in diameter, lay four or five inches
of littery dung, over which sprinkle a little earth — just enough to prevent it from being blown
awav. This both nourishes the young fibres, and keeps the ground about them moist in hot
weather, if wetted freely once or twice a month.

SEASON FOR TRANSPLANTING.

Spring is the season we find most pleasure in making onr rural improvements; from thia
circumstance probably, it has become the general time for planting trees; but experience has
proved fully that the best season for planting an orchard is the autumn, as soon as the trees
have repined their wood and dropped their leaves. If the transplanting be properly executed
at this season, the trees will push out fresh fibres the same year, and be ready and able to
push out vigorous shoots in the spring. When autumn planting is impracticable the next be3t
season is in the beginning of February, or as early as the season will permit.

CHOICE OF FRUIT TREES.

Whatever species or varieties of fruit trees are wanted, select those that are vigorous and
straight, and of a healthy appearance. Whether they have been grafted or budded, be careful

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 283

to select such as have been worked on young stocks. Grafts or buds inserted into old stunted
stocks seldom succeed well. Trees that are healthy have always a smooth, clean, shining
bark; such as are mossy, or have rough, wrinkled bark, should be rejected.

TREES ON THEIR ARRIVAL AT THE PLACE OF THEIR DESTINATION.

As soon as the trees arrive, let a trench be dug in cultivated ground, the bundles unpacked,
the roots well wetted, and immediately covered with earth in the trtnehes, observing to put
the finest earth next the roots, so as to leave no vacancies for the admission of air to dry the
roots, it having been observed, after several years' experience, that the thriltinessof trees, th©
first year after transplanting, depends much on the fine fibres of the roots being kept moist,
and not suffered to dry from the time they are taken up until they are replanted. Their thrifti-
ness, therefore, must depend principally on their management upon their arrival at the place
of their destination; for if, when the bundles are unpacked, the trees are carelessly exposed to
the drying winds, the young fibres of the roots must perish, and the trees, if they live at all,
cannot thrive the first season, as they receive but little nourishment until those fibres are re-
placed.

DISTANCES OF PLANTING FRUIT TREES.

The ultimate distance at which apple and pear trees should stand in an orchard is from thirty
to forty feet, more or less, according to the quality of the soil, taking for a medium thirty six
feet, which would require forty one trees to plant an acre. Peaches, cherries, and plums, may
be planted at from twenty-four to thirty six feet, according to soil, taking for a medium thirty
feet, at which distance an acre would contain forty-eight trees. But it would be advisable, in
planting an apple and peach orchard, to plant alternately an apple and peach row, as by the
time the apple trees w.mld come into bearing, the peach trees would be out of the way. In
such a case, twenty feet would be sufficient width for the rows to be planted apart; an acre
would contain one hundred and eight trees.

PRUNING YOUNG FRUIT TREES.

The object of pruning young fruit trees is to form a proper head. Generally speaking, the
shoots may be pruned in proportion to their length, cutting away such as cross one another,
and fanning the tree towards the extremities on all sides, thereby keeping it equally poised,
and fit to resist the effects of high winds. When it is wished to throw a young orchard into
bearing, the leading branches should be very little shortened, and the lower or side branches
not at all; nor should the knife be used only to cut out such shoots as cross one another.

PRUNING BEARING TREES.

After an orchard has come into bearing, continue at the time of winter pruning, either every
one, two, three, or four years, as an occasion presents itself, to cut out all unproductive wood
and decayed parts. When fruit spurrs are too numerous, cut out the most unsightly. Also
cut out all sprout9 that may grow up in the centre, which should be kept pretty open for the
free circulation of air.

DISEASES OF FRUIT TREES.

When trees are planted in bad soil, or in unfavorable situations, they often become diseased
When this happens, the best remedy is good pruning, and keeping the trees clean by a free use
of soap and water; if that will not do, they may be headed down, or moved to a better situa-
tion. Barrenness and disease are generally produced by the bad qualities of the soil or the
inroads of insects. These incidents generally show themselves in the early part of the year.
The leaves are curled and ragged, and any but their natural green branches in a decaying
state, the gum ozing from various parts thereof, are all certain proofs of the existence of dis-
ease. In the North, the pear and the quince trees are subject to the blight, and the peach
trees to the yellows; but neither of these diseases, to our knowledge, have ever appeared in
this section of Kentucky. Generally, careful pruning, cleaning the bark with a brush, apply-
ing soap and water to the leaves, and occasionally putting good manure to the roots, will reme-
dy most diseases in fruit trees, if of not too long standing.

REPORT OF THE

ENEMIES TO FRUIT AND FRUIT TREES.

The most destructive enemy to fruit trees is the rabbit, from its habit of barking trees; from
this, however, they may be deterred by smearing the stem with tar, soft soap, or grease of any
kind. A very injurious insect to trees is the borer, which feed9 upon the soft inner bark only.
It should be taken out with a knife aud destroyed; for, if left, in a short time they will effect-
ually destroy the tree. After the worms have been removed, the wound should be covered
over with tar or grafting wax. The greatest enemy to fruit is the Curculio. This insect passes
the winter in the earth in a chrysalis state, and if suffered to remain unmolested by the ama-
teur, will be ready to commence its attacks about the time the blossoms appear upon our fruit
trees. The eggs are deposited principally in the smooth stone fruit, at a very early stage of
their growth; these eggs soon hatch, and small maggots are produced, which exist in the fruit,
causing it to drop off prematurely, with the little enemy within. If this fruit be immediately
gathered up, or destroyed by geese, chickens, or other animals, a check may be put to their
ravages in succeeding years, but if suffered to remain, they will be a troublesome enemy for
years.

CROPPING.

It is proper to crop the ground among newly planted orchards for a few years, in order to de-
fray the expenses of cultivating it, which should be done until the trees have attained proper
size to go into bearing, and then it should be sown down in orchard grass. But it is by no means
advisable to carry the system of cropping with vegetables to such an excess as is frequently
done. If the expense of cultivating the ground be paid by such cropping, it should be con-
sidered enough. As the trees commence bearing, begin to relinquish cropping. When, by
their pioductions, they defray all expenses, cease cropping altogether. The less the ground of
a full grown orchard is cropped and stirred, the better will the trees bear. It would be advisa
ble, when the trees are on the decline, to stir the ground once in every five or six years.

August 26, 1357.

An JEassay on Corn as a Staple, hy Dr. J. S. Seaton, of Jefferson county,

Kentucky.

Among the numerous and abundant agricultural products of the United States, none can
lay claim more justly or surely to the appellation and consideration of a staple than Maize, or
Indian Corn.

No single article of agricultural interest is susceptible of successful cultivation, under bo
great a variety of circumstances in soil, climate, &,c, as this, which, in its numerous varie-
ties, produces remunerative returns to the farmer, in all the grades of climate and soil found
on this continent, while it is less liable to injury from vicisitudes of weather than most of the
staple crops of this country.

When we examine the statistics showing the amount of corn raised in this country, and
mark the immense increase in its production during the last twenty years, we cannot fail to be
impressed with the conviction that it is indeed the great American staple. By such an exami-
nation, it will be demonstrated as a truth, that during the ten yoars preceding the year 1350,
the increase in this commodity was more than two hundred millions of bushels in the United
States, wnile that of each and all other grain crops was but limited and meagre. So great indeed
is the disparity of increase existing between this and other cereals, as shown by the last census
returns made in 1850, that ten millions two hundred and twenty-five thousand acres of land
had been occupied by the growth of corn, above the whole number of acres employed in the
growth and production of all other kinds of grain common in thi3 country.

The difference in these several kinds of grain crops, as exhibited by that report, is so
great and startling, and at once attaches such an overwhelming importance to the crop under
consideration, that our credulity seems to be heavily taxed, especially at the first glance of
the subject, to yield credence to the report .

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 285'

In order to avoid all suspicion of error in calculation or misapprehension relative to the
comparative products of the different kinds of grain grown in the states during that period,,
we here submit them, as set forth in the report itself: Of corn, thirty one millions of acres;
of wheat, eleven millions of acres; of oats, seven millions five hundred thousand acres; of
rye, one million two hundred thousand acres; of buckwheat, six hundred thousand acres;
of barley, three hundred thousand acres; and of rice, one hundred and seventy-five thousand
acres.

When we add together the quantity of wheat, oats, rye, buck wheat, barley, and rice, we
have, as the sum total of acres occupied by them within that decade, twenty millions seven
hundred and seventy-five thousand acres. Subtract this sum from the thirty one millions of
acres of corn, and we have the enormous quantity of ten millions two hundred and twenty-
five thousand acres of corn more than of all the others combined, and thus confirms the cal-
culations and results of the report itself.

In view of this immense quantity already produced, and the fact of the great augmentation
of the amount annually grown, and the confident belief that this augmentation will continue
onward under the constant and rapidly increasing demand for the article or commodity, as ita
life perpetuating qualities are ascertained and appreciated by the inhabitants of countries less
favored than ours, and as the facilities for its safe and ready transportation increase, the
modes of preparation, and the useful purposes to which it may be applied, become more tho-
roughly understood, we are utterly unable to form any just conceptions of its true value and
importance, as a staple product of America, without the aid of arithmetical calculations.

When we contemplate the present as well as the prospective demand for this great staple,
and the unlimited capacity of this country for its production, and then contrast these with the-
present and prospective quantity produced, we cannot fail to be sensibly impressed wiih the
conviction that the American mind has never yet recognized the high value and importance of
this staple commodity ; at least not to the extent to which its merits so eminently entitle it.
Notwithstanding the feelings of surprise we realize, on ascertaining the preponderance of
this crop, over all others of the grain kind grown in our country, as shown by the report of
1850, already referred to, we yet feel greatly more astonishment at the results brought out, by
footing up the table of the average yield, per acre, of these thirty one millions of acres, and
especially at the difference in the yield between the different sections of the country. lathis
estimate which shows but twenty five bushels, or there about, as the average yield, per acre,
we have an amount far too small to meet the expectations of any American, especially any
Western farmer, who had not given to the subject a patient and careful investigation, but yet
an amount, when estimated in sum total, to forcibly impress every American mind with the
inestimable value of Indian corn as a staple product of the United States.

Thirty-one millions of acres, yielding an average of twenty five bushels per acre, present,
in the aggregate, seven hundred and ninety-five millions of bushels, which, if consumed by
the " home demand," or if requisite to the national sustenance, as is the potato crop of Ire-
land to its hungry inhabitants, then it becomes a, national treasure, infinitely above price — far
beyond computation in dollars and cents. But if this great quantity, on the other hand, be held
as surplus, audit be viewed as an article of export, and its value calculated at the minimum
rate of twenty five cents per bushel, (which is much below its true export value,) then we
have the handsome sum of one hundred and ninety-eight millions seven hundred and fifty
thousand dollars flowing into the national treasury, as the result of this one article of pro-
duct of American industry. It is a singular fact, aud one full of significance, and that should
awaken in every mind a feeling of interest and inquiry into its causes, that while the average
yield, per acre, in the whole country was only about twenty five bushels, that of little stony,
sterile Connecticut was forty bushels. The average in those States west and southwest, that
have always enjoyed the highest reputation for the production of corn, was only about twenty-
seven bushels. Why this difference in yield of thirteen bushels per acre, in favor of that
little State, where the natural sources of growth and productiveness are less, by at least two,
if not four to one, than they are in several of those powerful States iu the west, and where a

286 REPORT OF THE

few of the heaviest crops in the whole Union — if not in the whole world— have been realized?
This difference in yield, I repeat, is not dependant upon any advantage enjoyed by Connecti-
cut, either in soil, climate, or kind of corn planted, but, on the other hand, under very great and
universally conceded disadvantages in each of these essential elements in the productiveness
of a State, which fact should be full of admonition to all agriculturalists, and should be held
as an index that points unerrinly to a system of tillage at once m >re rational, as well as
more remunerative, than heretofore practiced in the west.

In view of the vast importance of this crop to the American people, as well as to the
world, and for the purpose of stimulating the increase of production up to the constantly in-
creasing demand, we may derive much light and benefit by referring to the last; Patent Office
report, in which we find some highly useful and instructive facts touching the culture and
product of this grain in the "Old Bay State."

Out of thirty five crops of Indian corn entered for premiums in Massachusetts, the average
product, per acre, was ninety three bushels. The larger yielded one hundred and thirty-
eight and one half bushels, while but two out of the thirty five fell below seventy five bushels.
Nineteen of them exceeded one hundred bushels per acre. This resulted, in a state so far
inferior in point of soil to many others, that very many persons would despair of obtaining
in return, from a crop, the amount expanded in planting, in a state where the summer sea
son is short, where the land naturally is poor and unproductive, and where the large and pro-
ductive varieties grown in the west could not mature a crop.

These results are not cited because they exceed others' that have been realized in other
states, possessing superior advantages, but, on the other hand, it is willingly conceded, that
individual crops in Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Illinois, and Missouri, have been produced that
excelled these in jield; but they have been but few; so rare, indeed, as to allow the average
in the west to fall to the low number of twenty seven bushels per acre.

The same results are seen in all the eastern States, with very slight variations, and all
under circumstances vaturalbj greatly inferior to those attending the com growing States of
the west and south, and consequently is directly dependent upon the superior preparation and
culture there practised to that which obtains in the west.

It cannot be questioned, that with halt the enriching material applied to the lands west, and
the same thorough tillage practised in those States east, the average yield would be double
what it is, and would greatly exceed that of tho^e States.

Aside, then, from the annual increase of acres to our agricultural area, suppose the farmers
of the west, as well as those of all sections, would at once adopt the superior modes of cul-
ture practised in the little State of Connecticut, and instead ol an average of twenty five
bushels, they bring the average up to forty bushels per acre — and this could be easily done —
the effect, at the next census return in 1^60, would be an increase from the same thirty one mill-
ions of acres, of four hundred and sixty five millions of bushels, which, at our minimum rates,
would give an increase in cash of one hundred and sixteen millions two hundred and fifty
thousand dollars.

These estimates, at the first glance, seem to be large, but they are believed to be below,
rather than above, the actual exhibit, should the principles here suggested be tested by the
practical application of them.

When we glance at the unparalleled increase in our population, and the vast amount of ter-
ritory rapidly populating, and the great accessions annually made to the area of our agricul-
ture, we are utterly unable to frame any calculations even approxim itive to the true results,
without the aid of the census returns.

Not only is this product, at the present moment, the principal stay and support of the
American people, but it is already an article of export demand, which is one of the principal
sources of revenue now enjoyed by this government. But while the immediate demand is
great, as a "breadstuff 1 ," with which to sustain the teaming millions of starving inhabitants of
other countries, its indirect demand in form of meat, which it here developes, is still greater;

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 287

and the quantity thus consumed must necessarily increase at a very rapid rate, as long as these
commodities are attainable by or to the subjects of other less highly favored couutries.

But there are other considerations surrounding it which greatly enhance its value and use
fulness as a staple, and these are found in the gre.it amount of nutriment, afforded by the stalk
and its appendages, aside from the grain which we estimate by the bushel. Its contiibutions to
the national support and sustenance are incalculably great.

In view of the extraordinary claims to merit and consideration of the American people,
which it presents, should not the agricultural mind of our country be forcibly directed to the
investigation of its nature, its susceptibilities, and its requirements, that its successful culture
may be insured, its quantity increased proportionate to the capacity of the land for its pro-
duction, proportionate to the demand for it, in all iis varied forms of usefulness.

By the careful culture of this cereal, we as a nation miy not only be secure against the
pressing cases of want, but by our well filled grainaries, may have the constant assurance of
not only bread enough, but to spare.

A Familiar Essay on the Cultivation, Uses, d'e, of Chinese Sugar Cane, by
Mrs. M. J. Daviess, of Harrodsburg, Kentucky, October bth, 1857,

The result of a few days labor in syrup making from this plant, has satisfied the writer that
when the concurrent testimony from experimenters from various sections of the country
shall be made known, the success of the season will be so astonishing, that information will be
sought 'or on no other agricultural subject with the same eagerness and earnestness. This
plant, like other of the rarest luxuries we possess, and the higher blessings of our spiritual
nature, is another bless-ing from the oriental world. It is to France — ever the pioneer of
science and civilization — we owe the introduction of this plant to the western wo'ild; or,
rather, a revival of the knowledge of its existence; for there seems to have been a series of
attempts, from the fifteenth to the seventeenth century, to produce sugar from it made in the
Italian provinces. In examining an elaborate history of China lately, I find Millet mention-
ed as one of the productions of the country, but no mention made of its peculiar qualities.
M. Matigny, an Agent of the Geographical Society of France, found it in use in the northern
part of China, one of the doubtless many valuable things locked up by the jealous policy of the
the Celestials from their ever intrusive and, as they consider, barbarous western neighbors.

To the beneficence of our own general government we are indebted for this plant in the United
States. For some years past Congress has made a commendable appropriation for the pur-
chase of foreign seeds and plants for geneial distribution and experiment. The value of
this one plant, entitled to rank at once as a staple, and destined to work an important change
in the commercial relations of the country, will amply reimburse the outlay of this depart-
ment and vindicate the policy of the government, even to the most economical and censo-
rious of the vigilant guardians of its Treasury. Mr. Brown, the A^ent of the Agricultural
Department, found this plant in France and sent it over, in his collections, to the patent office.
It is evidently of the same botanic famiiy to which our common Broom and Donrah Corn be-
long, hybridises with them readily, and has their botanical names Holens Saccharatus, Sor-
gum Saceharaium, &c, &c, variously assigned to it. Lately several new kinds have been
introduced from Africa, underthe name of Imphee, which, with the species previously known,
makes some thirty varieties. But, from careful comparison of different statements, and
from the similarity of plants raised from seeds produced in different sections of our own
country, I am satisfied there is no essential difference in quality, save that produced by cli-
mate — Chinese Sugar Cane, like all saccharine plants, increasing in richness as it neais its
tropical nativity. It acclimates itself, however, readily to any latitude where Indian corn
will grow, dwarfing in size as plants from warm climates do in colder latitudes. It was firsj
distributed in 1854, and it has, considering its value and the weight of foreign testimony in

21 05 REPORT OF THE

its favor, gained ground very slowly. But the raorus multicaulis mania, the hen fever, and
Chinese potato humbug, have so debilitated public faith, that, instead of receiving and trying
with wise caution the novelties each season offers, the masses are disposed to reject and ridi-
cule every thing not known to their fathers before them. Thu3, the south has suffered, year
after year, the disastrous effects of drouth and frost, while the ready resource of Chinese su
gar was at their doors; prices of all saccharine products have risen to a value that amounts
almost to a prohibition of their use to the poor, and yet sugar cane, instead of having a fair
trial in our fields, continues to be, in many minds, quite as suggestive of humbug as syrup.

In running over the reports to the Patent Office and newspaper clippings, I find that, fiom
St. Paul, Minnesota, to the neighborhood of New Orleans, the plant has been grown, and, in
some cases at northern points, has ripened its seed. The latter point is not, however, essen-
tial to the manufacture of the syrup, but the strong presumtion is, that where the summer is
not long enough to ripen the seed, the saccharine qualities are not rich enough to be valuable
as a sugar crop. In several of the states intermediate between these points, persons have
experimented, and in all cases have reported favorably to its growth.

CULTIVATION.

In France and her Algerian possessions, this plant, like all other field crops, has been chiefly
cultivated with sp-ide and hoe, and treated with manures, irrigation, &c. There, as here, it
suckers freely, and is deprived of the offset, and it is recommended, when seed is not an ob
ject, to cut off the panicles so soon as they appear. Our northern and eastern farmers make
mention, as usual, in their agricultural reports, of the manures used — bone dust, guano, &c,
&c. Such application might prove valuable even here, but I presume none will be found ne-
cessary beyond the usual rotation of crops practised. Neither France nor our own eastern
brethren mention an average of stalks so tall or laige in diameter as has been generally pro
dueed in this section on ordinary ground, without any especial favor. It is presumable that,
in any corn growing region, ground prepared as for that staple, and the seed planted in hills
or drills wide enough apart to permit the use of the plow, will be found a satisfactory mode
of cultivation. The seed should be planted as early as possible, to avoid the frost, (the
plants being tender in their first stage,) but the earlier, with safety, the better, as it gives a
longer chance to work up the crop after maturity. If planted in hills, two stalks should be
left to the hill ; in drills, the plants should be left eighteen inches apart. The plants, when
they first appear, are scarcely distinguishable from grass, and require careful attention to pre-
vent the overgrowth of weeds before the plow can be used. After that the cultivation of
cane differs no way from corn, and its thrift will soon show what care has been given it. In
later stages of growth, a casual observer would hardly notice the difference between the field
of cane and corn, but the stalks are slender, the joints longer, the leaves narrow and more
flexuous, the seed heads resembling Dourah corn, but erect, and when ripe, jet black. The
stalks are covered with a white substance, which has a frosty appearance and which chemical
analysis has proved to be wax.

The piece of ground cultivated on our homestead was a hill side, sloping westward. The
seeds planted were procured from several sections of the country, but chiefly from the Patent
Office. The ground was well prepared and sowed in drills, June 8th. 1'he plants were very-
much neglected when they first came up, but had afterwards the best tilth by plow and hoe.
They were carefully suckered, though it seems, from conflicting statements, a doubtful prac
tice, (certainly not advisable if raised for forage). On some plants overlooked, the suckers
grew as tall as the stock plant and bore seed, but stock and sucker were inferior in size and
height to the plants which were deprived of the offset. Some of the plants have measured
eighteen feet in height and one and a half inches in diameter; the average height of the
canes is about fifteen feet, and one inch in diameter. Not one-halt of the seeds have ripened
at this date. The panicles weigh about one half pound and would fill a half pint. The cane
is apparently hardier than the corn, presenting a vivid contrast to the cornfields, the leaves
of the cane, though scorched, retaining a strong, green color, while the corn is perfectly
aeared and dry. The cane, however, has become very brittle and is dying rapidly, without

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 289

any perceivable ditnunition in the quantity of juice, or change in the flavor, from the two
frosts that have fallen.

USES AND VALUE.

Notwithstanding the recent revival of the use of this plant in Europe, and its introduction
into our country, it has been already ascertained to be capable of manufacture into several
articles, and of course possesses a variety of values. Giving, in our references, the precedence,
to France, as she deserves, for her prompt and laborious investigation on this subject, I find
she gives in her testimony in favor of the Chinese Sugar Cane, as a plant of immense use for
a foraging crop, and as of surpassing value as a syrup producing plant. Likewise, that it
will probably be of vast service in shielding the bread crops from the distiller's gra-p, as i*
yields a larger percentage of alcohol than any cereal used hitherto. Recently they have suc-
ceeded in making sugar, but not so successfully as some of our home experimenters. It has
been used as a fermented liquor, and considered as agreeable as cider, and may also be used
for vinegar. Brandy, in combination with the grape stems, has been manufactured from it of
superior quality. The seeds have been converted into chocolate, and their husks into dye for
silks; and one experimenter has succeeded in procuring from it such large quantities of wax t
that he thinks that product, alone, would justify its cultivation. In the United States, unless
in this season, its value has not been tested, except as a forage crop and syrup producing plant.
Its value for forage has been highly extolled in all sections of our country, especially in thoso
regions, where the severity of the winter makes that species of food indispensable. It is said
to contain ten per cent, more of nutritive matter than Indian corn, and has produced from fivo
to nine tons of feed to the acre. Indeed, the Algerians consider the plant as perrenial, and iu
South Europe, and in the same lattitude of the United States, it produces two or three vigor
ous growths the same season. It is thought, by early planting in the sugar growing districts of
the Union, two crops might be produced in a season, for syrup-making. I observe that where
a few stocks were cut for experiment, in August they are shooting up luxuriantly, which affords
fair ground for conclusion, that the aftermath, even in this State, after manufacturing the first
crop, would prove a good resource for stock from our dry fall pastures. Poultry eat the seed
with great avidity, and the seed heads would be managed easily for cow food, as they would
require no preparation, before boiling, in the way of cutting or grinding. The hardness of
the stock would seem to render cooking necessary to the use of this plant for stock food, in
order to render it easily digestible. But, the chief value to the United States of the Chinese
Sugar Cane, is its qualities as a sugar plant. At the North it will not be in this use valuable;
to the South, it will stand, if the seed are kept on hands, as an unfailing resource, when frost
has cut off the common cane. To the corn and cotton growing regions it supplies a desidera-
tum a want severely felt in late years, while all sweets have ruled so high. Families of com-
petent means, of course, have not been curtailed of their luxuries, by high prices, but our la-
borers have felt the privation severely; and considerate masters, even if not moved by the
higher motive of promoting human happiness, will find it, in a sanitary and economical view,
it is best to add a little field of Sorgo to their other annual crops, for home consumption. The
thrift of negroes, in sugar season, has passed into a proverb in the South, and of late years
the vapors from the sugaihouse have begun to emulate Hunter's inhalents as a remedy for
consumption. The use of molasses, as an inducement for the less free use of animal food, haa
been a part of Lhe economy of many well regulated western farms for years. It is well known
the use of poik is considered by intelligent medical men, as the cause of the very common
prevalence of scrofula and cachexia, in that class of our population.

EXPERIMENTS.

Since the introduction of this plant, in 1854, into this country, in various parts, it has been
tested with different contrivances of power, from the rolling pin and pastry board up to the
best quality of small iron mills. The results from the use of the last class of machinery haa
been known, up to this fall, chiefly from Dr. Peters, of Georgia, who has done the country in-
calculable service, in pioneering the wav of his countrymen into a new field of agricultural

RfcPORT OF THE

wealth. In every experiment, by every power , however conbrnpiihle, the result has been successful,
and as enormous as seemed Dr. Peters' calculations, (from five to six hundred gallons per acre)
the last few days has proved to my mind satisfactorily that his figures are not exaggerated,
and I doubt not many, ere this, in the South, could add their testimony to his. As the press
is teeming every day with new publications on this subject, (unfortunately too many the growth
only of bookmakers' brains,) the writer deems it unnecessary to lengthen this essay oy a list
of names and methods. She has briefly run over whatever in the history and habits of this
plant she has gleaned from newspapers; nd Patent office reports, that others less sanguine than
herself have not thought worth remembering, but since the fruits of this season warrant the
belief of its wonderful usefulness and adapteduess to our climate, would now be interested to
know, without the labor of collecting. I will, therefore, proceed to give the familiar details
•of our experiment in Sorgj Sucre, (the manufacturing part having been under my personal su-
pervision,) because I believe that the experiment of one in the same climate, in the same con-
dition of things, with only the ordinary household conveniences, will afford greater induce-
ments to one lo embark in the enterprise, than the most elaborate directions of the most scien-
tific chemist in the country.

Another reason for venturing this familiar paper before so grave and respectable a body, is
Shat circumstances have favored her with as exact knowledge as personal observation, of the
method practiced by the Friends, of Pleasant Hill, Mercer county, Kentucky, could give. The
known character of this Society as farmers, and the established reputation of the Sisters in
all housekeeping matters, will be a warrant to all, of the goodness of the method adopted, after
bringing the science of an excellent chemist and the skill of constant experience to bear on
it. It is well known the Sisters of this Industrial Society spend their summers in manufactur-
ing tons of preserves, jellies, etc., as celebrated as the cattle, which are the pride and care of the
brethren. The above reasons have satisfied me to submit this essay, hastily written, amid the
eares of a large family, to which, at present, is added the supervision of a new bianch of in-
dustry; and the motive of public good which has prompted it, I trust, will excuse all marks of
literary inability; provided, after testing the products, accompanying this, the Society deem
proper to send it out, with their endorsement, to the people of Kentucky. And now, before I
proceed to the details of my experiment, 1 must answer one question which will arise in many
minds — How comes this agricultural experiment to go out to the world in the name of a wo-
man, the wife of a living, practical farmer? I answer, I am one of the daughters of Eve,
whose lord elect allows full privilege to follow her fancy; that having had the cane culti-
vated for my gratification, when he found it promising, he ordered an inexpensive mill for the
experiment, and when the success of the Shakers proved it valuable, made tilings as conveni-
ent as possible for my use; and then, having no experience in kettles or clarifiers, vacated the
temporary sugar house, leaving me a dominion wide enough to satisfy any woman's ambition,
seeing it is all out of doors.

The mill, which had been ordered, came to us the middle of August. It was made by a
neighboring cooper, who had seen corn stalk mills in the primitive days of our Commonwealth-,
price $ - 20. But this cost would be lessened half by any workman having implements suitable for
the job. The mill is composed of two cylinders, about two feet long and somethiug less in
diameter, placed firmly in a stout wooden frame; the upper part of one enters inio a sweep,
which curves downward; the cylinders have each a set of cogs around the top; the one attach-
ed to the sweep turns the other, and the canes are pressed between them. One horse turns the
mill, and having a lead pole attached, no driver is needed. About six stalks, one above the
other, are passed through the mill at a time; the stalks being stripped of leaves and the seed
cut off", one person feeds the mill and another receives the bagasse, — as the pressed stalks are
termed, — lays them in straight order, aud returns them to the feeder. They are twisted, two
or three together, aud passed at once through the mill a second time. Having pressed about
two dozen stalks, to test our mill before receiving it, we found ourselves possessed of a bucket
of green, disgusting juice. After straining, clarifying and reducing it, by boiliug, we found it
had made about one quart of fair looking, disagreeably flavored molasses. A few days after,

STATE AGRIOULTURAL SOCIETY.

291

one of the managers of Pleasant Hill called to arrange with us for the use of our mill. We
cheerfully agreed to let them precede us in the trial, and having been invited to pass a day
with thern, seeing the syrup manufacture in every stage of process, we were delighted and
elated to find their success complete, and thought no delicacy of the kind had ever proved
more tempting than their syrup spread over their delicious butter and unrivalled bread. The
mill was returned to us in improved condition, and a day or two after, Mr. Bryant called with
a bottle of syrup, fair flavored, and about the consistency of honey. He likewise obliged us
with written directions, which I have followed, verbatim, in making the article accompanying
this paper, which is as follows :

Into four gallons of juice, fresh from the press, stir, while cold, one pint of sweet milk, two
whites of eggs, beaten, two spoonsfull of lime, mixed with water to the consistency of cream.
Set it over a brisk fire, and do not disturb it until it boils. Then take it off the fire quickly,
and after it has stood twenty minutes, skim it and put it into tubs. After twenty four hour?
strain it into kettles, and to each four gallons allow one egg, and one spoonfull of lime, to
finish purifying. Boil down to the consistency you like, skimming clear, but is considered fin-
i c hed when the syrup hangs from the ladle, in flakes.

September 29th, 1857, we commenced operations, and this, October 4th, I note the follow-
ing items : That having the cane previously stripped, that a boy and two horse wagon can
draw in what cane the mill will grind, in about four hours. Distance of field from the mill
about one eighth of a mile. That a stout active man is best to feed the mill, as the yield of
juice, after the first pressure, depends on the bagasse being well twisted. A child of ten years
can cut off (he heads as fast as required for the mill. A child of the same capacity can re-
ceive, straighten and return the bagasse to the feeder. One woman, with the occasional help
of another, to strain, has run our four kettles, of about eighteen gallons each. The wood
being beside them, and the kettles in a good home built furnace. Every stalk passed through
the mill yields about one pint of juice, the second pressure equal in quantity to the first and
6uperior in quality. That six gallons of juice makes one gallon of plantation molasses, and
rather less of golden syrup ; that molasses may be made in about eight hours direct from the
press, but a fine syrup cannot, be furnished in less than two days ; that the yield of juice is
greater from green stalks than ripe, but the produce of molasses about equal. Fine svrup
can only be produced from ripe cant. That the clearness of the syrup depends upon its being
allowed time to settle fully, rather than on a specific clarifier used. That with the fixtures
and force we have mentioned, working steadily for about ten hours, we turned off about ten
gallons of syrup each day. We would prefer shallow kettles, and think the superior fairness
of the Shaker syrup was owing to its speedier evaporation, and that in copper kettles. The
above data will furnish items for calculations for home enterprise. Our acre of Sorgo will
yield us two hundred gallons of syrup, half of which could have been engaged to-day, had it
been for market, at the price of golden syrup.

Whether it shall become one of our staple crops, is a problem for intelligent farmers to work
out, but nothing but culpable indifference to the wants of his laborers, and want of energy
will prevent any farmer from having the product of Sorgo as 'abundant in his family as the
fruits of his orchard and dairy.

By planting as early as the first of May, the Sorgo season will come on just at the close of
harvest, and the leisure weeks between that and seeding time cannot possibly be more profit-
ably spent. With her fat herds and teeming fields, happy homes, embosomed in fruitful or-
chards and flowery gardens, Kentucky needed but sugar cane to make her what her childreo
have ever loved to boast her — the Garden of the World.

292 REPORT OF THE

An Essay &n the Advantages to Agriculture of Protective Duties on Imported
Goods, by Hon. Adam Beatty, of Mason county, Kentucky.

The following is an extract from the Report of the Secretary of the Treasury of the Uni-
ted States : " If the increased duty neither diminishes the importations nor increases the price,
'it is manifest that no advantage has been derived by the domestic manufacturer. If the ef
•feet should be to exclude the foreign article, then the domestic manufacturer monopolizes the
'home market, and commands his own price The relief he needs is a higher price for his
'goods, and, as a matter of course, unrestrained as he will then be by th e laws of competition,
'he will so raise this price as to remedy the evil of low prices, of which he had complained."
This is the representation of the Secretary, of the protective system — and the effect upon the
consumers of protected articles, he says, will be that they will be compelled to pay an increased
nrice, equivalent to the protective duty which the manufacturer will put upon his manufactured
-foods. But this will not be the only loss of the consumer. By the exclusion of the foreign
article, by a protective duty, the revenue, theretofore derived from the duty on the articles thus
excluded will be lost, and the government must supply its place by duties on other imported
articles, of which duty the consumers of domestic manufactures will have to pay their due
proportion. The Secretary adds : " In no event can the increas ed duty operate to the advan-
tage and relief of the mannfacturer, except by a corresponding injury to the consumer."

The argument of the Secretary of the Treasury is plausible, and so satisfactory to him
against the protective system, that he thinks "it cannot command the approval of the country."

I have presented a full view of the Secretary's objections to a protective system, which
applies to every species of domestic manufactures. I will now present the practical operation
of the protective system to a single article, from which it will be seen that the Secretary
greatlv errs in all his assumptions, in the above quotation, from his annual report for the
year 1857.

Take the article of cotton manufactures, for example. To simplify my argument, I will
suppose that at the commencement of the efforts of the manufacture of cotton goods, there
was a revenue duty of twenty per cent, on all cotton goods imported. That under this revenue
duty English manufacturers furnished the United States with all the coarse cotton fabrics our
population needed, at ten cents per yard, wholesale. The importer would have the duty to
pay, twenty per cent, on the foreign cost, equal to two cents per yard. Such cotton goods
would therefore cost the importer twelve cents per yard, besides the charges on importation.
In this state of things some of our wealthy capitalists, who having thoroughly examined the
system of cotton manufactures in England, express a desire to commence a system of cotton
manufactures in the United States. They are convinced, that with the aid of water power,
they can manufacture and sell, at their several establishments, cotton fabrics of equal quality,
with those imported from England, at eleven cents per yard. As these cotton goods could
be procured from the place of manufacture, at least as low as the charg es of importation
there would, therefore, be a saving of at least one cent in the yard, by manufacturing our
coarse cotton goods. But our citizens, who desire to enter upon the business of manufactu-
tin" are convinced, that so soon as they should get their factories built and had made all ne
cessary preparations to commence operations, English manufasturers would reduce their price
to ei cr ht cents per yard. A duty of twenty per cent, added would make the cost per yard nine
and three-fifths cents. Foreign manufacturers, at this low rate, would make but moderate
profits, but they would submit to this inconvenience, for a short time, for the sake of destroy-
ing all competition with them, by cotton factories in the United States. This simple state-
ment will show, that cautious and prudent men would not venture to engage in a very costly
undertaking, when it would be in the power of wealthy foreigners to completely prostrate
their infant establishments, by introducing a foreign article, of the same description, at a
fraction less than ten cents per yard, including the 20 per cent. duty.

Under these circumstances Congress is petitioned to pass a law increasing the duty on im
ported cotton fabrics to forty per cent., which is accordingly done. Our enterprising citizens
bein°- thus assured of a fair competition with foreign manufacturers, commence preparing

STATE AGRICULTURAL S0CIE1Y. 293

with great energy, to enter largely into the business of cotton spinning and manufacturing
According to promise, they manufacture an excellent article for eleven cents per yard. The
foreign manufacturers, unwilling to lose so valuable a market as the United States had!
theretofore afforded for their fabric, immediately flood the country with an inferior article,
but looking very much like the American product, at the invoice price of seven and a hall
cents per yard. Forty per cent duty on seven and a half cents, would make the cost, to the
importer, ten and a half cents per yard. Thus the foreign manufacturer would bring his
fabrics into the United States market a half cent cheaper than the domestic article. The
home manufacturers relying upon the superior quality of their fabrics, courageously meet the
foreign competition, although the foreign article is offered a half cent cheaper per yard.

In the course of a year suppose the home factories would furnish one fourth of the neces
sary demand or requirements of the home market, the foreign supply would fill up the other
three fourths. Now, if the United States demand required a supply of five millions of dol-
lars worth of cotton goods per annum, at the invoice price, the revenue derived from this
source, at twentv per cent., would be one million of dollars; but if three-fourths of this
amount only were imported, after the duty had been increased to forty per cent., the revenue
for the year would amount to one and a half millions of dollars. Thus, under a fair compe-
tition of one year, the revenue, instead of being diminished, as apprehended by the Secretary
of the Treasury, would have actually increased fifty per cent. And the consumers, instead of
paying a higher price for cotton fabrics, would have had their choice of a superior article at
one cent cheaper rate, per yard, or such an article as foreign manufacturers had usually fur
nished, at nearly one and a half cents per yard lower price.

Such would have been the result of one year's experiment, under the protective system
During this year, home manufacturers would have acquired, from experience, greatly iucreas
ed skill, and a knowledge of more economical methods of conducting the manufacturing bu-
siness, and, hence, would be able to manufacture a cent in the yard cheaper, or at the rate of
ten cents per yard. The foreign manufacturers would now be compelled to invoice their cot-
ton goods at seven cents per yard — duty at forty per cent, added would make them cost the
importer, iucluding duty, nine cents and eight tenths, a small fraction less than the American
article. During this second year of the experiment, we may suppose the foreign manufac
turers would supply half the demand for cotton goods, and the duty thereon would amount to
the same, at forty per cent , as would accrue from furnishing the full supply at a duty of
twenty per cent , consequently there would be no falling off of the national revenue. During
£his second year consumers would save two cents per yard, if they preferred the American
product, and a fraction over two cents if they preferred the foreign product, and they could
sustain no loss on the score of revenue.

During the third year of the experiment the home manufacturers could afford to reduco
their fabrics to nine cents per yard. The foreign manufacturers would now have no alterna-
tive but to give up the American market, or invoice their cotton goods at six cents per yard-
The duty of forty per cent, on this sum would be two cents and forty hundredths, hoping, by
making their goods lighter, (thus saving in the cost of the raw material,) and somewhat un-
derselling the American manufacturer, they could still retain at least a portion of the Amer
ican market. Supposing that by thus lowering their rates, they should be able to supply one-
fourth of the demand, the revenue accruing therefrom would be five hundred thousand dollars
This would be just the amount of the increase of revenue under the first year of the experi
ment. For the first three years, then, there would be no deminution of revenue, and the
6 onsumers would, during this year, have saved at least three cents a yard for all the cottori
fabrics consumed by them.

During the fourth year the home manufacturers, being now firmly established, and having
brought to their aid the utmost skill, and the resources of the great water power afforded by
the country, would feel that they were now fully competent to supply all the wants of the
countrv, and that with such an extensive marked as the United States furnished, they could af-
ford to manufacture cotton goods, such as they had last year sold at nine cents per yard, at

294 REPORT OF THE

the price of eight cents, and should announce their determination to do so. This would con-
vince foreign manufacturers that they could no longer hope to send their cotton fabrics to
the United States without a greater loss than they could bear. Thus, in four years, by the
the protective system, the cost of cotton fabrics would have been reduced from twelve to eight
cents per yard. But this would not be all, a home competition would now spring up, and we
know, from experience, that for some years past the retail price of coarse cotton goods has
only been about eight cents per yard.

In the foregoing Essay I have uniformly spoken of the cost to the importer, including the
duties payable on importation. Thus, in the first year of the experiment, I have supposed
the cost to the importer, including duty, would have been twelve cents per yard, but the con-
sumer would also have to pay the profits of the importer and the retail merchant. This
would not have been less than four cents per yard. The cost, therefore, to the consumer,
would have been sixteen cents per yard at the commencement of the experiment; but by four
years operation of the protective system, the price of cotton goods are shown to have been
reduced to one half that amount. Such are the great advantages arising to the consumers of
cotton goods. The advantages to the country at large, which will result from a judicious
protective system, in relation to all articles which we can profitably manufacture for ourselves i
and particularly when we produce the raw material, will be hereafter shown.

A careful examination of the foregoing remarks as to the effect of a protective system
will prove that the Secretary of the Treasury is entirely mistaken in all his assumptions. I
have shown that the protective system will occasion no increase of price, yet that the manu-
facturer will derive great benefit therefrom. That although the effect of the protective sys-
tem will be a gradual diminish of importations of fabrics, on which additional duties are lev-
ied, that yet for three years there will be no diminution of revenue, and so far from securing
to the domestic manufacturers a monopoly of the manufacture of cotton fabrics, they will
have destroyed the monopoly of British manufacturers, and built up a fair home competition,
which continues to reduce the cost of cotton fabrics, until the price is reduced to the min-
imum at which the manufacture can be successfully carried on with all the advantages which
the utmost skill, combined with water power, can confer. I have shown that the American
manufacturer, under the operation of the protective system, is never "unrestrained," and
therefore, in a condition to "fix his own price" upon his manufactures, but that he is, at all
times, cotrolled by the laws of a fair competion, and whilst he is powerless to oppress, he has
eminent ability to advance the interests of the consumer and of the country at large. The
manufacturer "does not need a high price for his goods, but a steady market, affording a fair
and raasonably remunerative compensation for his labor, skill, and capital employed. It is
true, that after our manufacturing establishments shall have afforded a much better and cheaper
article of cotton goods than foreigners could make for us, we can no longer derive a revenue
upon imported cotton goods, because we have no need of them. Mr. Secretary surely would
not recommend the policy of importing goods for which we have no need, for the sake of the
duty which could be derived from them. Experience shows that there are articles enough —
not produced by us -upon which duties can be levied to an amount sufficient to meet all our
wants. The evil of our country, hitherto, has been, that duties on foreign productions afford
rather too much than too little revenue.

The reasoning of this essay in favor of a judicious protective system, in relation to cotton
manufactures, is equally applicable to woolen manufactures, and the manufacture of iron in all
its stages — from the ore dug out of our rich and inexhaustible mines, to the manufacture of the
finest steel. The raw material for both these articles can be furnished by our country, in the
greatest abund mce.

In the manufacture of these articles the competition of foreign manufacturers would have to
be encountered. And in this encounter with establishments, carried on with the advantage of
long experience, great skill, abundant capital, and cheap labor, it would be perfectly hopeless
for us to expect success, without the benefit of reasonable protection at the commencement.

With such protection, steadily persevered in, our manufacturers would have to undergo a

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 295

similar trial, as I have explained in relation to cotton manufactures. But energy and perse-
verance would overcome all obstacles, and advantages to the manufacturers, to the consumer,
and to our country at large, equally benign and permanent, as in case of the cotton manufac-
tures, would be the triumphant reward.

I need not refer to other manufactures, for the reasoning of this essay will apply to all which
the circumstances of the country, from time to time, will render it expedient and prudent to
commence.

The Secretary argues strongly in favor of foreign commerce, and of the advantages result-
ing from extending friendly commercial relations with ail nations. This is all right, and it
would have been very satisfactory if he had expressed equally favorable views iu relation to
the internal commerce of the country.

Free trade with all the world seems so completely to occupy his mind, that he is horrified at
the idea that we shall so regulate our own affairs as to exclude foreign manufactures, not by
prohibitory laws, but by manufacturing for ourselves a similar but a better and cheaper article
than foreign manufacturers can furnish, with no other protection than the ordinary revenue
duties, except temporarily, until our manufacturers can get a fair start, and a little experience ,
in a new and untired business. "The day has past," he says, "in this country, for increasing
restrictions upon commerce." "We cannot expect to furnish the world with our cotton, bread
shiffs, tobacco, rice, and other productions, unless we are willing to receive, in return, their
productions." "From a free and unrestricted commerce with the world, no interest in the
country would derive a more certain and permanent benefit than manufacturers."

Such are the outlines of the Secretary's system of free trade. "A free and unrestricted com-
merce with all the world" is his great panacea for all the inconveniencies and distresses arising
from excessive importations of foreign goods.

"We cannot expect," he says, "to furnish the world with our cotton, breadstuffs, tobacco

- 9

•and rice, unless we are willing to receive in return their productions." Three of the enu-
merated articles are not cultivated to any extent in any European country — cotton and rice not
at all. The former, our greatest export, they gladly receive from us because it is the raw ma-
terial, which is the foundation of their cotton manufactures, without which they would be ut-
terly prostrated. The quantity of rice which they receive from us is very inconsiderable, and
upon tobacco they levy the most enormous duties. In relation to breadstuffs, which is the
great product of our country, European nations hold out — as they are undoubtedly right in
doing — the strongest encouragement to produce a full supply for the consumption of their own
population. Their great effort, instead of furnishing us a market for our breadstuff's, is, by
every expedient which is calculated to produce that effect, to exclude them by a home production
sufficient to supply their own consumption. If they can do this they want none of our bread,
stuffs, because more breadstuffs than they can consume would be utterly useless to them. But
when, from unfavorable seasons or other causes, they do not produce an average crop, the de-
ficiency must be supplied by importations from foreign countries. In such a state of things-
they are glad to receive breadstuffs from the United States, because they can furnish them
cheaper and in greater abundance than any other nation. Such a temporary market for our
breadstuffs would hardly be regarded by Mr. Secretary as a favor bestowed upon us by Euro-
pean nations. It would be an advantage resulting to us by a failure, in part, of European
crops, and the supply by us would only be a fair commercial operation, and ought not to be re-
garded as a favor, on either side.

Now, if it is right on the part of European nations to make great efforts, by duties on the
foreign article, and other encouragements, to raise their own breadstuffs, is it not equally fair
and just that we should make all reasonable efforts to manufacture our own ordinary clothing
at least. Warm clothing is essential to our comfort, and it will be shown hereafter that it is
greatly to the general interests that we should manufacture such clothing for ourselves, rather
than depend upon foreigners to do so for us.

The Secretary of the Treasury is from a slave holding State. The following statements
will account for his opinions in favor of free trade, and " unrestricted commerce with all the

296 REPORT OF THE

world." The following are cotton growing States : South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Ala-
bama, Mississippi, Texas, North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas and Louisiana. Of the fore-
going ten States, the main staple, and almost the sole agricultural product raised for exporta-
tion, of the first six, is raw cotton and rice. Although the four last named States produce
some cotton for export, yet Louisiana is chiefly a sugar producing State, and the other three
are engaged chiefly in producing breadstuffs, cattle, mules, tobacco, &c.

The exports of cotton for the fiscal year ending 30th June, 1857, was $1.11,575,859. There
was, during the same time, an export of rice amounting to $ 2,290,400. Total of these two
articles $133,866,259. These exports werenearly all from the six cotton-growing States enu-
merated above, and two other States, North Carolina and Tennessee, partly cotton growing
and partly other agricultural products. These eight States, under the census of 1850, had a
population of 4,803,771, and a foreign market for cotton and rice — to say nothing of the to-
bacco and other agricultural productions of North Carolina and Tennesseee — amounting to
nearly $134,000,000. The remaining twenty-two States, (not including Louisiana, a sugar-
growing State,) have a population, by census of 1850, of 17,477,512, and a foreign market
for breadstuffs and provisions amouuting to $75,669,634. This includes the following articles :
wheat, flour, Indian corn, Indian meal, rye meal, rye, oats and other small grain, biscuit and
ship bread, apples, potatoes, onions and rice. This latter being a product of the cotton-grow
ing States should be deducted, leaving the amount of the foreign market for breadstuffs and
provisions, $73,379,234 for the twenty-two non-producing cotton States. It must be recollec-
ted, too, that last year there was a short crop of breadstuffs in most of the European coun-
tries, and that there was, on that account, a much more than usual demand for our bread
stuffs and provisions. Wheat and other grain commanded high prices, and there was conse-
quently a great stimulus for exportation of breadstuffs. In ordinary years the demand for
breadstuffs is not near so great, and the exportations fall greatly short of the above.

In addition to the amount of breadstuffs shipped during the last fiscal year, there must
be added tobacco, a product of the non cotton growing States. This amounted to $ 20,260,-
772, making the entire foreign market for agricultural products of the twenty two non-cotton-
growing States, $93,646,006 Thus, the agricultural States, with nearly four times a popula-
tion of the cotton growing States have a foreign market for their agricultural products amount-
ieg to less than two-thirds of the foreign market for cotton and rice.

The agricultural States, besides breadstuffs and tobacco, have industriously searched out
other means of paying for the immense amount of foreign goods with which our country has
been flooded. Official returns for the last fiscal year show an exportation of products of the
sea, $3,789,644 ; products of the forest, $14,699,711 ; products of factories, bo., $33,054,555.
Total, $51,543,910. Adding these additional exports of the non cotton-growing States, and
we have the sum total of their exports, $145,189,916, exceediug by a little over eleven mil-
lions of dollars the product of the cotton and rice of the cotton growing States. As the pop-
alation nf the non cotton growing States is more than three and a half times the population
of the cotton growing States, to show the relative value of the foreign market to each sec-
tion, it is only necessary to multiply $ 133,866,259, the value of the foreign market of the
cotton growing States, by three and five tenths, which gives, $468,531,906 as the value of the
foreign market, which ought to be afforded to the non cotton-growing States, to make their con-
dition, in relation to foreign commerce, as favorable as that of the cotton growing States.

All experience shows that we never can have a foreign market for the agricultural products
of the eon cotton growing States to even one-fourth of that amount. They must, therefore,
look to a home market for much the largest proportion of their agricultural products, and to
the products of the sea, and the forest, and to their factories, for an increase of their foreign
market

Our factories, so much derided in their infancy, and still treated with so much contempt by
southern statesmen, during the last fiscal year found a market abroad for their products, chiefly
in cotton goods, to the amouut of $33,054,555. In addition to the advantages of a perma-
nent and extensive foreign market for the cotton and rice of the eight cotton-growing States,

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 297

six of them have a home market to a large amount, for raw cotton, worked into fabrics of va-
rious kinds, in the cotton mills of the manufacturing States; and a market, to some extent,
for rice consumed in the twenty-two non-cotton producing States. Two of the eight being
only partially engaged in the cotton culture — North Carolina and Tennessee — have a consid-
erable foreign market for tobacco.

In the state of things existing, as above set forth, in relation to our foreign commerce, it is
not surprising that public sentiment in the cotton-growing States, should incline to the doc-
trine of the Secretary of the Treasury, "free and unrestricted commerce with all the world"

The cotton growing States have nothing to apprehend from a "free and unrestricted com-
merce with all the world." Their foreign market for cotton and rice, amounting to $133,866,
259, that no country can interfere with, when added to a home market for cotton and rice to
probably one fifth that amount, of which they have a monopoly, as no other country can com
pete with them in furnishing the United States with these articles for home consumption, se-
cures them effectually from all contingencies of trade. Nothing can affect their markets,
either foreign or domestic. They ask no protection; they need none except duties levied for
revenue, and they desire those to be as low as possible, so as to encourage importations from
all the world, as thereby the market and price for raw cotton will be enlarged, and the interests
of the cotton growing States promoted.

But let us see how this system of "free and unrestricted commerce with all the world" will
operate upon the twenty-two non cotton producing States. I do not include Louisiana, because
sugar being her chief production, (she also raises cotton,) for which she has an ample and
safe market for domestic consumption, her condition, in a commercial point of view, is a per-
fectly safe one. But how is it in relation to the other twenty two States? I have shown the
entire foreign market, during the last year — which was very favorable for the export of bread-
stuffs— was but little more than one fourth of the foreign market of the cotton growing States,
taking into consideration their relative population.

Our whole exports, for the fiscal year ending June, 1857, was $278,400,176; our imports, the
same year was .$368,428,342; excess of importation $70,028,166. The excess of importations
for the preceding fiscal year was still larger, amounting to $87,996,032. With such large bal-
ances of importations over exports of all kinds, our Secretary of the Treasury can surely
have no fear that foreign nations "will not buy from us unless we buy from them in ex-
change."

What agricultural products can we send to foreign nations, in addition to those hitherto ex
ported, to pay these large balances? None, none whatever. We can produce breadstuffs suf-
ficient for the purpose, but foreign nations have no need of them, and will not receive them,
even in payment for their goods. For the means of paying these balances, we are indebted to
the gold diggers of California. It is from thence we derive the large shipments of gold,
which of course must be paid for, to enable us to liquidate the balances against us, arising trom
Mr. Secretary's "free and unrestricted commerce with all the world." We may not always
have the gold of California to liquidate these annual large balances, resulting from "free and
unrestricted commerce." The gold mines may, in time, run out, and then we shall become
insolvent, without even the benefit of a bankrupt law to relieve us from our embarrassed con-
dition. True wisdom requires that we should speedily adopt such measures, in relation to
commerce, as will prevent our average imports from exceeding our exports. To bring about
such a wholesome state of things, we must culiivate and,extend our interval commerce, greatly
enlarge our manufacturing establishments, carry on with greater activity our mining opera-
tions — not of gold and silver only, but of lead and iron, especially of the latter, of which the
raw material, of the best quality, exists in such great abundance in our country.

I have shown, in this essay, that we cannot rely upon a foreign market for breadstuffs, the
great product of most of the States of the Union. The home market is already far more valu-
able than the foreign market. If it were not, our agriculturalists would have but little induce-
ments to toil and labor to make their farms produce large crops. The foreign market is but
a drop in the bucket, compared with the entire product of our farming operations. How, then,

298 REPORT OF THE

has much the largest proportion of these products found a market? It is to supply the home
consumption. The home consumers of agricultural products includes all persons who are en-
gaged in pursuits other than the cultivation of the soil. I know of no public document show-
ing the relative numbers engaged in farming operations, and in other pursuits. When we take
a view of the immense population of all our cities, towns, and villages, we may rationally
conclude that their consumption of agricultural products must be very great, and that they do
now, and will continue, to furnish to the farmer a very valuable market for his products. The
extent and value of this market will steadily increase with the increase of the non-agricultu-
ral population of the country,

Foreign commerce undoubtedly aids in building up and populating our large seaport cities;
but internal commerce not only aids in building up and increasing the population of our sea-
ports, but has a still greater influence in building up and populating the cities and towns of the
interior of the country. It also gives employment to great numbers of the consumers of the
agricultural products of the country. It affords great encouragement to all the mechanic arts,
and is of immense importance in transporting the agricultural products from the place of pro-
duction to places where they are required for consumption, or for shipment to foreign ports.
Whether thus transported in steamboats, canal boats, or railroad cars, great advantages re-
sult to the producer by thus searching out new markets for his products, and by increasing the
number of consumers by the employment given to great numbers of persons in carrying on
this internal commerce— by not only those engaged in navigating these boats and conducting the
railroad cars, but also the ship builders and mechanics, who construct the same, and all per-
sons engaged in supplying materials for their construction. In carrying on this internal com-
merce, a great many persons must be employed in loading and unloading the cars, in draying
the goods to and from the bo-Us and cars, and in many other ways. Every operation of inter-
nal commerce creates additional consumers of agricultural products, and thus operates benefici-
ally to the agriculturalists, by increasing the market for his farm productions. The farmer is,
therefore, greatly interested in extending internal commerce as much as possible.

A powerful means of extending this commerce, and at the same time increasing the num-
ber of the consumers of agricultural products, is to create and extend the manufactures of
the country to all such objects as can be profitably embraced, under the circumstances of the
country. The manufacture of cotton goods has been firmly established, but the manufactures
of woolen goods are yet in their infancy. The raw material, for this business, may be pro-
duced in our country to any desirable extent, and by such production operate to the benefit of
agriculture in two ways — first, in producing a market for the raw material; and sscondly, in
aiding to build up woolen factories, and thus increasing the consumers of agricultural products,
and invigorating internal commerce.

The manufacture of iron in all its stages, from the digging of the ore to the production of
the finest steel, is also an object of great importance, and should be speedily carried to the
greatest degree of perfection, by all suitable encouragement. We ought to manufacture, for
ouselves, every bar of iron used for railroad purposes or otherwise. We have the raw mate-
terial in great abundance, and the day is not far distant, if we give the proper encouragement,
to the manufacture of iron, that it will attain such perfection that we shall ship large quanti-
ties to foreign countries for s tie.

Lead is another article that we may produce in great quantities, in consequence of the ex-
tensive deposits of that article in several of the Northwestern States.

Coal also exists in great abundance; in various localities, from which a fine kind of oil ia
being extracted, and will afford a valuable article to stimulate the internal commerce of the
country.

Experience will give rise to various other domestic manufactures, all of which will tend to
promote the internal commerce of the co.intry, increase the number of consumers of agricultu-
ral products, and thus advance the interests and greatly increase the prosperity of agriculture.

Great advantages have hitherto resulted to agriculture, and these advantages will be vastly
increased by the rearing up of home manufactures and mining operations, particularly in those

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETV. 299

parts of our country where agricultural products are so distant from places of consumption
that they will not bear the cost of transportation. In this respect the prosperity of the agri-
culture of California has been greatly advanced. The vast numbers of the citizens of that
State, engaged in gold digging, including their families and hired hands, afford a market for
a large portion of the farm products of the State. When to this number is added the popula-
tion of the cities, towns, and villages which have arisen chiefly from the internal commerce of
the State, produced, in great part, by the mining, manufacturing, and mechanical operations of
her citizens, we may readily account for the high degree of prosperity of the agricultural in-
terests of California.

Great advantages have also resulted to the western and north-western states from similar causes?
though in less degree. Manufactures, mechanical arts, and mining operations, though as yet
in their infancy, have given rise to an internal commerce, which has very much contributed to
the building up of the great cities of Cincinnati, Louisville, St. Louis, Chicago, and hundreds
of other cities and towns in the interior, which furnish a very extensive home market for agri-
cultural products.

If the farmers of the country will look carefully into the facts and circumstances which I
have referred to in this Essay, they cannot fail to perceive the reason why the agricultural
states have enjoyed a considerable degree of prosperity, with a foreign market for their pro-
duces, amounting in value to less than one third of the foreign market of the cotton growing
States. They will plainly perceive that the prosperity of the agricultural interest is owing
entirely to the home market for agricultural products. That if they were to depend alone
upon the foreign market for their products, it would fall so far short of their actual surplus as
to render it of so little value as to scarcely pay for transportation a few hundred miles, either
by steamboat or railroad conveyance. In such a state of things the foreign market would be
worth literally nothing.

A large majority of our citizens are engaged in agricultural pursuits. It is this occupation
upon which all others is founded. It is this, in particular, upon which the internal commerce
of the country is founded. It is this which furnishes the means of greatly extending that
commerce, so much more valuable than foreign commerce. Agriculturists, you have it in your
power, by your numbers at the polls, to command the adoption of a system of policy that will
give protection to the agricultural interest of the country. I have shown you how this can
and ought to be done. It is by adopting efficient means to rear up and support home industry*
home manufactures, home commerce, and a consequent home market for all agricultural, manu-
facturing, mechanical, and mining products.

December 26, 1857.

REPORT OF THE CORRESPONDING SECRETARY.

Gentlemen of the Board of Directors of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society:

The varied and laborious duties of Corresponding Secretary being considerably in-
creased by your action of March last, a book for the permanent record of his transactions was
procured, and nine pages of it have been filled with short minutes of his proceedings, in
which reference is made to the Western Farm Journal, the organ of the Society, in which
these proceedings have all been published in full. Eighteen circulars have been published at
various times, in which notice has been given to the members of this Society, to County So-
cieties in Kentucky, and to Societies in other States, and to the public, of the important pro-
ceedings of this Society, the object of which circulars has been to secure their prompt and
cordial co-operation.

300 REPORT OF THE

The Society is under obligations to a number of the political newspapers in various parts of
the State, which have also, at my request, re published these notices without charge.

More effectually to secure the objects of the Society, it was thought advisable to publish in
printed letter form, the annexed circular, a copy of which was sent to the President of every
County Society, and one also to the County Judge, or some prominent individual in every
county in Kentucky, together with a written letter explanatory and impressive of the objects
of the Society:

TO COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATIONS IN KEN-
TUCKY.

To ensure success to the measures of improvement for which we are mutually associated,
the harmonious action of all their friends is indispensably necessary. I therefore address
you, in behalf of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, for the purpose of inviting your
concert arid co operation. In all of our measures we wish to confer with you as far as is prac-
ticable, and to take no action which will not embrace the best interest of each and every
local Society in the State; and no measure will be recommended which will not merit and
should not receive their cordial support.

It is my special duty to communicate to you some of these measures at present: At the
January meeting of the State Society, a resolution was adopted requesting each of the local
or County Societies to cause a public address to be delivered during the time of their respec-
tive fairs of 1857. The promotion of Agricultural and Mechanical improvement, in general,
will be the subject of these addresses; but it is desired that the public attention should be spe-
cially invited to, and impressed with, the importance of a more liberal and permanent endow-
ment of trie Kentucky State Agricultural Society, by our State. Legislature.

A resolution has also been adopted by the Directors of the State Society, calling public at
tention to the importance of some wise and prudent legislation for the promotion of Agricul-
tural education, by the establishment of a literary institution, especially adapted to that pur-
pose, in connection with a model farm, on which practical and improved agriculture shall be
taught to the pupils of that Institution. This also will be a subject highly appropriate for
these addresses, at least one of which should be delivered at every Fair, by gentlemen of the
highest character and greatest information; for the occasion is worthy of the best effort of
the most exalted talent in any community. Ex Gov. Powell has already accepted the invita-
tion to address the State Society during the Fair at Henderson.

Appreciating the indispensable importance of a common medium of communication be
tween all the Societies, and all the friends of agricultural improvement in the State, this So-
ciety has repeatedly reeommened the Western Farm Journal, (its organ,) to public support and
patronage. For that purpose, and also to encourage a taste for agricultural literature, the
State Society has offered numerous bound volumes of that excellent periodical, as premiums
at the State Fair, next fall. Allow me to present this subject to your favorable examination,
and for your prompt action, in such manner as in your judgment will be most appropriate and
efficient.

A number of copies of the Geological Report of Kentucky were kindly placed at the dis-
posal of this Society, by his Excellency Gov Morehead, and it was deemed the most ap
propriate disposition of them to present one to each County Society in the State You will
therefore please make application, should no opportunity present for me to send one to you.

A room over the Executive Office has been assigned to the State Society, where it is desired
to make such a collection of books, seeds, plants, minerals, rocks, fossils, insects, reptiles,
earths, &.C., &c, as shall in some degree represent the wealth of our great State, and the in-
telligence and public spirit of her citizens. It is desired that every county in the State shall
have there such specimens as will be appropriate exponents of her soil, industry, intelligence
and wealth. It is intended to establish there, also, an interchange of all such seeds, grains,
&c, as may be deemed of superior excellence; and for this purpose, also, as we'll as for exhi-
bition, it is desired to receive specimens of all grains, seeds, &c, to which premiums may be
awarded at your respective Fairs. I would therefore bespeak your favorable consideration of
this subject. As some counties are not embraced by any Society, I would now appeal to their
intelligent and public spirited citizens in this behalf. Specimens and collections may be sent
to me by the public conveyances, at the expense of the State Society, and all objects received
will be carefully and appropriately disposed of.

It is desired that the Annual Report of the State Society shall embrace, not only the public
addresses, and all other proceedings of the County Societies, for this year, but a brief histor-
ical sketch of those societies is also desired, and any other matters which they may deem of
sufficient interest to be published. Full Reports from all the County Societies are therefore
requested to be sent to me immediately after their respective exibitions, as they should be
put to the press about the first of December, and time must be allowed to arrange them.
The Premium List of the State Society, for this year, will shortly be published, and some copies

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 301

will be sent to each County Society for distribution; and it will afford me pleasure to aid in
the distribution of the Premium Lists of those Societies which maybe sent to me for that
purpose. Most respectfully, &c , ROBERT W. SCOTT,

Cor. Srs'y Ky. State Agricultural Society.
Frankfort, March, 1857.

Five thousand copies of the premiums, regulations and committees, for the State Fair of
1857, were printed and in due time distributed as follows : one copy was sent to each member
of the Society, of the Legislature and of Congress from Kentucky; one to each agricultural
paper in the Linked States, and to each political and religious paper In K entucky, as far as
known; a package of tea or more to various literary institutions in and out of Kentucky ; also
to all the County Agricultural Societies in Kentucky, and to the State Agricultural Societies
of other States. Large packages were also sent to each Vice President and to- each Director,
and an effort was made to equalize the distribution of them to every portion of the State. Id
most cases the transmission was made through the Post Office, and in some cases bv Express,
and the postage paid, in all cases, and charged to the Society.

In consequence of the unexpected suspension of the Western Farm Journal, the awards
and other proceedings of the State Fair at Henderson and Ex Gov. Powell's speech, could not
be published in extra numbers of that paper, and some delay was caused thereby, in conse-
quence of which it was thought advisable to make that publication in pamphlet form, together
with the premiums for tobacco offered for 1858 ; and 1,000 copies have been printed and dis-
tributed in the same manner as the premium lists were.

During the year the following periodicals have been sent, gratuitously, to our Agricultural
Room, where they have been carefully filed for inspection and reference, and at the close o:5
the year they will be substantially bound:

Western Farm Journal, Louisville, Kentucky, weekly.

Valley Farmer, Louisville and St. Louis, monthly.

Ohio Cultivator, Columbus, semi monthly.

Ohio Farmer, Cleveland, weekly.

Tennessee Farmer and Mechanic, Nashville, Tennessee, monthly.

Wisconsin Farmer, Madison, Wisconsin, monthly.

California Farmer, San Francisco, California, weekly.

Rural New Yorker, Rochester, New York, weekly.

Journal of New York State Agricultural Society, monthly.

The Library of the Society is regarded with much interest, as a source of great future use-
fulness, not only to the Society but also to the whole community, when the collection shall
have become large and varied, and when it will be resorted to as a fountain of information by
the farmers and mechanics, and others of the whole State. Accessible as it is at all times to
the members of the Legislature, may we not hope that it will conduce to a wise and salutary
legislation of those professions.

It is to be regretted that although respectful application has been made to our members of
Congress, and to the heads of Departments, still but few contributions to our Library have
been received from these sources ; but better results are expected when assurance shall b©
given of the permanence of ou? organization, and of careful attention to the Library- T*>
the State Agricultural Societies of other States we are greatly indebted for the kind presen-
tation of many valuable volumes of their reports and transactions, favors which we hope soon
to be able to reciprocate.

After keeping for our Library one copy of each publication which has been received, the
others have been carefully distributed, as far as opportunity has presented, to the County Ag-
ricultural and Mechanical Societies in Kentucky, and it is expected that they will form a be-
ginning to a valuable Library to each of these Associations.

The following contributions to this department, during the present year, are greatfully ac-
knowledged.

Fourth Report of Indiana State Board of Agriculture, from Mr. Ignatius Brown, Secreta-
ry — 25 copies.

302 REPORT OF THE

Geological Survey of Kentucky, from Gov. C. S. Morehead — 20 copies.

Fourth Annual Report of the Massachusetts Board of Agriculture, from Chas. L. Flint —
25 copies.

Report of Secretary of Massachusetts Board of Agriculture, 1856, presented by C. Flint.

Railroad Reports of Massachusetts, 1856, presented by Hon. C Flint, Secretary.

Massachusetts Registry of Births and Marriages, 1856, presented by Hon. C. Flint, Secre-
tary.

Watson's Prize Essay on Husbandry, presented by Hon. C. Flint, Secretary.

Census of Massachusetts, 1856, presented by Hon. C. Flint.

Transactions of New York State Agricultural Society for the years 1846, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51,
52, 53, 54, and 55, from Col. B. Johnson, secretary — 10 volumes.

Ohio Agricultural Reports for 1850 and 55, from Mr. John H. Klippart, Corresponding Sec-
retary — 2 volumes.

Patent Office Report for 1855 — Agricultural and Mechanical — from Hon. C. Mason, Super
intendent — 3 volumes.

Patent Office Report for 1856 — Agricultural — from Hon. J. Holt, Superintendent— 1 vol-
ume.

Report of Smithsonian Institute for 1856 — by Hon. J. J. Crittenden, United States Senator
— 1 volume.

Patent Office Report for 1855, from Hon. J. B. Thompson, United States Senator, on Agri-
culture — 1 volume.

Dedication of New York State Agricultural Room, by Col B P. Johnson — pamphlet — 1
volume.

Treasury Report of Ohio, by J. H. Glenn, of Columbus, Ohio — 1 volume.

Twenty five copies, each, of the Agricultural and Mechanical portions of the Patent Office
Reports for 1856, from Hon. J. Holt, Superintendent — 75 volumes.

Reports of Ohio State Agricultural Society for 1856, by Mr. John H. Klippart, Correspond-
ing Secretary — 25 copies.

6 volumes of Annual Reports of Ohio State Board of Agriculture, by J. H. Klippart,
Corresponding Secretary.

Total receipts to the library for 1856 one hundred and eighty-three volumes.

The collection and distribution of seeds, of all sorts, among the members of this Society,
and also to the various County societies, promises to be a highly popular and useful depart-
ment of the office of Corresponding Secretary. It may be safely asserted that the crops of the
State may be as much increased by the planting of the best seed only, as the stock of the
State may be improved by breeding to the best animals only. Scientific and skilful agricul-
turists and horticulturists are constantly producing new and improved seeds and plants, which
it is desirable rapidly to disseminate over the country, and others still are imported from
abroad. A free interchange of these will be of the highest utility to all who will participate
in it, and a beginning has been made which it is hoped will be greatly extended; and a large
case in the Agricultural room has been appropriated to this purpose In this manner many of
the benefits of the Society may be extended to remote parts of the State which cannot parti-
cipate in the Fail's of the Society, and on this account this department should be especially
cheiished and promoted.

The Society is under great obligations to the Superintendent of the Patent Office for frequent
kind remembrance in this particular.

During the past year there have been received and distributed from that source over five
hundred bags and packages of field and garden seeds, many of which, there is reason to be-
lieve, may be of great value to the country, and the product of some which have been dis-
tributed from this office have alreadv taken premiums at the Fair of this Society.

The Cabinet of the Society is by no means the smallest department of her usefulness.
The importance of cultivating in our people greater attention to the study of geology, animal
and vegetable physiology, entomology, &c, may be better appreciated whea we reflect that the

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 303

fields of California were plowed for many years before the rich lumps of gold in her soil were
discovered. Only within the last two years, many pearls of great value have been found in many
of the waters of the Eastern States, and the like may also exist in the West; and in each suc-
cessive year our domestic animals, our crops, and our fruits, are destroyed to the value of
many millions of dollars. For the accomplishment of this most desirable object, the Cabinet
of this Society presents one of the most efficient means; and collections for it in geology, natu
ral history, botany, and entomology, from every county in the State, should be encouraged by
the offer of liberal and appropriate premiums, and here all these subjects would be illustrated
by appropriate specimens, and be open to the inspection and study of all

In the circular letter which was sent from this office to the several counties and County Ag
ricultural and Mechanical Societies in the State, a request was made for specimen's in all these
departments, and of the Societies especially for specimens of all their premium crops. 'I he
almost entire disregard of this request must be ascribed rather to the want of public taste and
knowledge on these subjects than to an indifference to the action of the Society,

When an improved organization of this office shall enable this officer to visit all or many of
the C° utlt . v Fairs in person, during each year, it may be made a part of his duty to encourage
and assist a public taste for these subjects, and to secure collections of all these objects. It
would be highly judicious also to encourage similar collections by all of the county societies,
which, together with the library of each, should be under the care of the tenant of the cottage
on the Fair Grounds, and be open to inspection on all suitable occasions.

During the past year an increased interest has been manifested in the Cabinet of this Socie-
ty, and we are under obligations for the following contributions :

Specimens of dew and water rotted hemp, and of rope, by Col. C J Sanders, U. S. Hemp
Agent, Lexington, Ky.

A box of minerals and fossils, from Prof D. D. Owen, State Geologist of Kentucky.

A box of coal of several kinds, which took the premium at the Second State Fair of Ken-
tucky, by Mr. W. B. Arnold, from his mines in Hopkins county, Ky.

A box of coal and iron ore, from Mr. Alfred Townes, from his mines in Hopkins county,
Ky.

Fine specimens of premium corn and tobacco, from the second Kentucky State Fair at Hen-
derson.

Two valuable boxes of minerals and fossils, from Dr. D. D. Owen, of Indiana.

Numerous specimens of analyzed soils of Kentucky, by Dr. D. D. Owen.

The same by Dr. Robert Peter, Agricultural Chemist, Lexington, Ky.

Additional cases have been prepared, and all the specimens are being labelled and placed in
them. In due time, it is to be hoped that each county in the State shall have here a separate
case, in which shall be kept specimens of her soil, crops, minerals, fossils, &c. &c.

Reports fuom Counties. The collection and publication of the agricultural statistics of
the Commonwealth is one of the most palpable fields of usefulness and most obvious duties
of a well organized State Society.

The agricultural statistics now procured and published through the Auditor's office, have
already been found highly useful in the regulation of the pecuniary transactions of those per-
sons who are in the habit of trading in such articles, and still greater benefits would result
from more extensive and accurate statistical publications.

It is a matter of regret that our own organization for this important object is by no means
perfect, if indeed it is at all contemplated. It is worthy of consideration whether it may
not properly be made the duty of the Directors of this Society to procure and furnish to this
office, at an early day in each year, these statistics, and a report from each county in their
district. For this purpose they may be able to avail themselves of the information obtained
by the Assesor for each county.

With the view of accomplishing what might be practicable with the limited means and ac-
quaintance of this office, on this subject, a printed circular and written letter were sent out
through the post office at an early day, addressed to some prominent and intelligent gentleman

304

REPORT OF THE

in each county in the State, requesting from each a report, embracing a description of the
soils, minerals, crops and stock, timbers, water powers, manufactures, educational institutions,
&c , of each county, together with specimens of the same for the cabinet as far as practicable.
The circular was also widely published in the political papers, and the request was subse
quently renewed through them. Such 'eports from seventeen counties have been received,
and many others have been promised. When all shall be embodied, there will be presented
an invaluable mass of information as to the resources, wealth and business of the country,
such as is no where else to be found, and which cannot fail to have the most salutary effects
in inducing immigration, directing trade and business, and in inviting the investment of cap-
ital.

By the next annual publication by the Society it is hoped to be able to present a full and
accurate report from each county in the State, and somewhat similar to those which are
presented at this time. As an inducement to the prompt and faithful discharge of this ser-
vice, it may be well to encourage and promote it by offering Ten Premiums, one for each
Congressional District, to the person who shall present the best report of his county, the re
porter for each county to be selected at each annual meeting of the State Society; the re-
port to be sent to this office within a specified time, and the award to be made by the Corres-
ponding Secretary and one or more of the Directors.

Reports of County Agricultural and Mechanical Societies. Full and complete reports
to this office from the various County Agricultural and Mechanical Associations in the State
being an object of the highest importance, no effort has been spared to secure them, and print-
ed circulars, manuscript letters, newspaper publications, and personal applications, have all been
freely resorted to.

The promptness and courtesy with which many of these reports have been made is a cause
of grateful acknowledgment, and where full reports have not been presented there is no reason
to believe that it is to be ascribed to a want of fraternal and co operative feeling, but rather t>
want of system audhabit in the matter.

By the way of assisting the local societies, and as an encouragement in making their reports
it is proposed to ask the Legislature to give $100 to each such Association which shall hereaf-
ter hold a Fair and offer not less than $500 in premiums, and make a full report thereof to this
office, according to a proposed form.

There are tweuty seven such Associations in this State, all of which appear from their re-
ports, so far as made, to be more successful and prosperous than formerly; all have held Fairs
during the past year, with better attendance and greater number of entries than ever before,
and they report that a manifest improvement appears in the stock, crops, implements, manu-
factures, and general intelligence of the county, chiefly ascribable to the salutary influence of
these Societies.

Almost all of them have extensive and permanent structures on their grounds, and still fur-
ther improvements in contemplation. It is to be regretted that a (ew only have manifested a
desire for the mental improvement of their members by holding discussions, having public ad-
dressed, and offering books and periodicals as premiums.

These facts will more fully appear from the following condensed summary of these reports.
From a careful inspection it appears thai many thousands of dollars are invested in the land
and improvements of these Societies, and large sums are annually offered by them as pre-
miums.

Bourbon County Agricultural Society. Has held twenty one Fairs; grounds contain twen-
ty eight acres; amphitheatre 200 feet in diameter; cottage, booths, industrial and mechanical
hall, and 300 stalls. Value, $16,200. Brutus J. Clay, President; A. M. Brown, Recording Sec
retary. Post-office, Paris, Ky. Time of holding Fair for 1857, September 22, and continued
four days. Amount of premiums paid, $1,200.

Campell County Agricultural Society. Has held two Fairs; grounds contain ten acres;
amphitheatre for 7,000 persons. Value, $6,000. Benjamin Smith, President; Benjamin Beall,
Secretary. Post office address of President, Cold Spring, Campbell county, Ky , and of the

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 305

Secretary, Alexandria, Ky. Time of holding Fair for 1857, September 21, and continued five
days. Amount of premiums paid, $981.

Central Kentucky Stock, Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held six
Fairs; grounds contain twenty five acres; amphitheatre for 10,000 persons; cottage, booths,
two wells, stalls, and mnsic stand. Value, $20,000. James S. Hopkins, President; John B.
Aikin. Secretary. Post office address, Danville, Ky. Time of holding Fair for 1857, August
7, and continued four days. Amount of premiums paid, $1,200.

Christian County Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held one Fair;
grounds contain twenty acres; amphitheatre 257 feet in diameter, and will hold about 6,000
persons; cottage, booths, and stalls. Thomas Green, President; John C. Latham, Secretary.
Post oifice address, Hopkinsville, Ky. Time of holding Fair for 1857, October 21, and con
tinued four days. Amount of premiums paid, $1,500.

Clarke County Stock Improving Society. Has held two Fairs. William R. Duncan,
President; W. H. Winn, Recording Secretary. Post-office address, Winchester, Ky. Tim©
of holding Fair for 1857, August 19, and continued three days. Amount of premiums paid.

Crab Orchard Stock, Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held five Fairs;
grounds contain ten acres; amphitheatre, cottage, and stalls. G. A. Lackey, President, Hiram
Roberts, Secretary. Post office address of President, Walnut Flat, Lincoln county, Ky., and
of the Secretary, Crab Orchard, Ky. Time of holding Fair for 1857, August 18, and con-
tinued four days. Amount of premiums paid. $750.

Daviess County Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held four Fairs;

grounds contain acres; amphitheatre for 6,000 persons; 120 stalls. Charles T. Noel,

President; J. H.McHenry, Jr., Corresponding Secretary. Post office address, Owensboro, Ky.
Time of holding Fair for 1857, October 21, and continued four days. Amount of premiums
paid, $1,527

Fulton County Agricultural Society. Has held one Fair; grounds contain nearly nine
acres; stalls, &c. R. B. Alexander, President; Chilton L. Randle, Secretary. Time of hold
ing Fair for 1857, October 21, and continued four days.

Glenville Stock Fair. Has held two Fairs C. D. Case, President; Dr. James C. Bas
com, Secretary. Pust-office address, Glenville, Washington county, Ky. Time of holding
Fair for 1857, June 6, for one day. Premiums paid in Agricultural Papers

Green River Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held six Fairs; grounds
contain six acres of land, with an amphitheatre valued at $2,500. Ansel m Watkins, Presi-
dent; John H. Page, Secretary. Post-office address, Glasgow, Ky. Time of holding Fair for
1857, September 22, and continued four days.

Harrison County Agricultural Society. Has held two Fairs; grounds contain eighteen
acres of land; amphitheatre 225 feet in diameter, and will hold about 7,000 persons; cottage
and stalls. Value, $13,500. Lucius Desha, President; Joseph Desha, Corresponding Secre-
tary. Post office address, Cynthiana, Ky. Time of holding Fair for 1857, August 25, and
continued four days. Amount of premiums paid, $977.

Henderson, Hopkins and Union Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific and Mechan-
ical Association. Has held two Fairs ; grounds contain twenty nine acres ; amphitheatre
two hundred feet in diameter ; two hundred and fifty stalls ; cottage, mechanical and indus-
trial hall, pens, &c. Value, $16,000. Wm. T. Barrett, President ;. W. A. Hopkins, Record-
ing and Corresponding Secretary Post Office address, Henderson, Kentucky. Held the State
Fair, October 13, and continued five days.

Kenton County Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held three Fairs ;
grounds contain fifteen acres ; amphitheatre two hundred and twenty feet in diameter ; cot
tage of six rooms, booths and one hundred stalls. Value, $10,000. S. C Savers, President ;
W. W. Wilson, Corresponding Secretary. Post Office address, Independence, Kentucky.
Time of holding Fair for 1857, September 29, and continued five days.

Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held eight Fairs ; grounds

306 REPORT OF THE

contain fifty-two acres ; cottage and dwelling ; two hundred stalls ; amphitheatre eight hun-
dred and ten feet in circumference ; booths, &c. Value, $3<i,597. Ben. Gratz, President; D.
W. Standeford, Secretary. Post Office address, Lexington, Kentucky Time of holding the
Fair for 1857, September 18, and continued four days. Amount of Premiums paid, $1,^58.

Kentucky Horticultural Society. Lawrence Young, President ; W. D. Gallagher, Re-
cording Secretary. Post Office address of President, Louisville, Kentucky; and of the Sec-
retary, Pewee Valley, Kentucky.

Kentucky Mechanics Institute. Has held five Fairs ; has an extensive building. George
A'inslee, President ; John O'Leary, Corresponding Secretary. Post Office address, Louisville,
Kentucky. Time of Fair for 1857, August 18, and continued twenty-five days.

Logan County Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held four Fairs; grounds,
contain twelve acres ; amphitheatre one hundred and fifty feet in diameter ; no stills for
stock. Value, $3,000. Robt. Browder, President; Geo. R. Bibb, Secretary. Post Office ad-
dress. Russellville, Kentucky. Time of holding the Fair for 1857, October 5, and contin-
ued three days. Amount of Premiums paid, $637.

Nelson County Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held two Fairs; grounds
contain twelve acres ; amphitheatre for three thousand five hundred persons, one hundred and
sixty feet in diameter ; cottage, one hundred stalls, music stand, &c. Value, 49,001). Felix
G. Murphy, President ; Wm. Johnson, Secretary. Post Office address, Bardstown, Kentucky.
Time of holding Fair for 1857, September 22, and continued four days. Amount of Pre-
miums paid, $1,358.

North Kentucky Agricultural Society. Has held three Fairs ; grounds leased ; amphi-
theatre, &c. Value, $9,000. Washington Watts, President; T. Spencer Fish, Corresponding
Secretary. Post Office address of Secretary, Florence, Boone county, Kentucky. Time of
holding Fair for 1857, October 6, and continued four days. Amount of Premiums paid,
$1,476.

North Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association of Mason, Lewis, and
Fleming Counties. Has held one Fair. Geo. L. Foreman, President ; Thomas A. Curtail,
Corresponding Secretary. Time of holding Fair for 1857, October 13, and continued four
days. Amount of Premiums paid, $1,364.

Ohio County Agricultural, Mehanical and Domestic Society. Has held one Fair ;
grounds contain nine acres ; amphitheatre two hundred and ten feet in di.i meter, with an oc-
ta'gon Judges' stand in the centre, two good wells, &c. A B. Baird, President ; C J. Law-
ton, Secretary. Post Office address, Hartford, Kentucky. Time of holding Fair for lr<57,
October 27, and continued three days

Springfield Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held three Fairs;
grounds contain twelve acres; amphitheatre one hundred and fifty feet in diameter, inside; of-
fices, music stand, stalls, &c; value, $5,800. Edmund L. Davison, President; James R.
Hughes, Secretary. Post office address, Springfield, Kentucky. Time of holding Fair for
1857, September 29, and continued four days. Amount of premiums paid, $870.

South Western Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held five Fairs;
grounds forty three and a half acres; amphitheatre two hundred and sixty feet in diameter.
Gibson Mallory, President; W. D. Gallagher, Corresponding and Recording Secretary. Post-
Office address of the President, Louisville, Kentucky, and of the Secretary, Pewee Valley,
Kentucky. United States Fair held at their groui.ds in 1857.

South Western Agricultural and Mechanical Association, at Paducah. Has held
four Fairs. Alfred Boyd, President; H. C. Quigley, Secretary. Post office address, Paducah,
Kentucky. Time of holding Fair for 1857, October 22, and continued three days.

Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association, at Eminence. Ha3 held seven Fairs;
grounds contain thirty acres; amphitheatre for six thousand persons; cottage, three booiln,
one hundred stalls, music stand, and two wells. Robert Mallory, President; William S.
Helm, Secretary. Post office address of President, Lagrange, Kentucky, and oi the Secre-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOUIETY. 307

tary, Eminence, Kentucky. Time of Fair for 1857, October 6, and continued four days.
Amount of premiums piid, $1,600.

Union Agricultural and .Mechanical Association of Mason and Bracken Counties,
Has held three Fairs; has twenty acres of land leased; amphitheatre for twelve thousand per-
sons; cottage, booths, floral hall, pavillion, and one hundred and eighty stalls; value, fl l,0()0s
A. H Wall, President; F. A. Savage, Secretary. Post office address of Secretary, German-
town, Kentucky. Time of holding Fair for 1857, September '29, and continued four days.
Amount ol premiums paid, $1,750.

Warren County Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Has held four Fairsj
grounds contain twelve acres; amphitheatre tor Ave thousand persons; pavillion, offices, audi
stalls. Woodford Dulaney, President,; F. C. Henick, Secretary. Post office addiess, Bow-
linggreen, Kentucky. Time of holding Fair for ls57, September 30, and continued three
days. Amount of premiums paid, $tfb!L

It will be observed that many large sections of the State are without any Agricultural So-
ciety or Fair; this, together with the uniform success and prosperity of those which uow ex-
ist, plainly indicates that others still should be organized. '1 here is no reason whatever why
these agreeable and profitable institutions should be confined to the wealthier portions of the
State, or to a blue grass or stock raising region. Pride, emulation and ambition are feelings
ol the humau heart every where, and they may be reached by the silent but eloquent appeals
of these Fairs, in every section, business and vocatiou ol the State, if the appeal is but prop-
erly addressed. The principal difference is that the poorer sections of the State are most in
need ol public aid, and hence the propriety that the Slate should give $1^0 to each sucti So-
ciety which holds a hair, and thus lue varied wealth and resources of all the different sections
ol the State will be developed and stiniu.ated. Individual enterprise and public spirit should
not be staid, nor the fostering arm ol government be withheld until every three or lour
counties iu the Slate shall have their Agricultural Society and their annual Fair , to develope
their wealth and resources, no mattei wlietuer they be found iu stock, or crops, or minerals, or
timber, or last, but greatest of all, in Hie population itself.

Railroads have been every where found the valuable, useful assistants iu getting up Fairs of
the greatest utility and success, and the benefits ol tbese occasions do not accrue more palpa-
bly and bountiiuily, even to the farmers themselves, than to the Railroad Companies on whose
routes the r airs are heid.

With the proper appreciation of their true interest in this matter, railroads in other States
are louud the prompt and willing assistants ol the Agiicuitural Societies in getting up these
occasions, by distributing the posiers anu hand bills of the Fair, aud even publishing them
themselves by giving tree passes to the officers, by the ^ratuiluous transportation of all ani-
mals aud articles lor exhibition to and from the Fairs, by the luuning ol extra trains for pas-
seugers at hall price during the Fair, aud iu many instances by the contribution of money di-
rectly to the funds of the Society.

It is a matter ol regret that iu Kentucky although a correspondence has been held with our
Railroads aud some advance has been made by them, yet they do not seem properly to appre
ciate their true interest iu this matter, or else have not acted in accoi dance with it. For a
remedy of this evil it is suggested tuat before the next Slate Fair is located, that it be aseer,
tallied of the various roads, what laciliiies will be given in case it be located so as to throw
• he travel and transportation ol the occasion chiefly on them.

The Society is again uuoer great obligation to the political and agricultural papers of Ken-
tucky, aud, iu some instances, to those ol other States, also lor the gratuitous publication of-
the numerous circulars aud notices which have at various times emanated from this office.
Grateful acknowledgment would here be made to each of them by name but lor the fear of
omitting some not known to me.

WiUi the same characteristic public spirit and intelligence not one has expressed dissent to
the appropriation iu aid of the luuds ol the State Society by the Legislature, aud many of them
have expressed their warm aud hearty approbation.

308 . REPORT OF THE

Some time prior to the State Fair three hundred complimentary cards were struck and dis-
tributed to the officers of kindred associations in and out of the State, to members of Con-
gress, and of the Legislature, Judges, Ministers, Presidents of Colleges, Editors, and other
public and distinguished individuals of this and other States, thus reciprocating a courtesy for
which we were under great obligations, especially to the State Agricultural Societies of other
States.

Eight hundred large and handsome posters and several hundred small bills of the State Fair
have also been printed and widely disseminated over Kentucky and also in some of the adja-
cent States.

The following is a recapitulation of the work which has been done in the office of the Cor-
responding Secretary during the year 1857.

Every meeting of the Society and of the Directors and the State Fair were attended.

Nineteen circulars and notices of various kinds were written and published.

Over two hundred letters were received, filed and answered; besides many original letters
written.

Over eight hundred packages seeds were distributed.

One hundred and eighty-three volumes of books were received and partly distributed.

Five thousand copies of the Premium List were distributed over the whole State.

Over one thousand hand bills and posters of the State Fair were distributed.

Three hundred complimentary tickets were chiefly distributed.

A printed circular and written letter sent to every Society and county in the State.

One thousand copies of the Awards, Address, &c , at the State Fair, were distributed

Two hundred and seventy copies of papers and periodicals received and filed.

Two hundred and ninety six specimens for the Cabinet received and arranged.

Reports and notices of county Societies and of counties received and arranged for publica-
tion.

Report made to Directors, and to the Legislature.

All of which is respectfully submitted,

ROBERT W. SCOTT.
Corresponding Secretary Kentucky Stale Agricultural Society.

State Agricultual Room, Frankfort, November, 1857.

TREASURERS' REPORT FOR 1857.

JAS. W. TATE, Treasurer,

In account with the Kentucky State Agricultural Society:
DEBITS.

To cash received for membership,

To cash received for membership, -

To cash received per State Auditor, as appropriation from State,

To cash received for membership,

To interest on $4,500, - .......

To cash for membership,

To cash for membership, .--.....
To cash for privilege to sell liniment, ....

Amount earn d forward, - .... $5,64800

1857.

Jan.

14.

Mar.

Oct.

13.

Oct.

13.

$ 162 00

75 00

5,000 00

84 00

200 00

15 00

99 00

13 00

1857.

Oct.

13.

Oct.

13.

Oct.

14.

Oct.

14.

Oct.

14.

Oct.

14.

Oct.

14.

Oct.

14.

Oct.

14.

Oct.

15.

Oct.

15.

Oct.

15.

Oct.

15.

Oct.

15.

Oct.

16.

Oct.

16.

Oct.

16.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Amount brought forward, ......

To cash for privilege to sell soda-water, ....

To cash for sale of admission tickets first day State Fair,
To cash received for show license, - - - -

To cash received for membership, - - v

To cash received for show license,

To cash recived for privilege to operate cider-mill,

To cash received for membership, - ■

To cash received lor show license, -----

To cash received for admission tickets, second day of State Fair,

To cash received for privilege .to peddle, -

To cash received for booth rent, -

To cash received for two tobacco entries, -

To cash received for membership,

To cash received for admission tickets, for third day State Fair,
To cash received for membership, -,---_*
To cash received for admission tickets, fourth day State Fair,

To cash received for booth rent,

To cash received for membership,

To cash received for license to sell liniment,

To cash received for admission tickets, fifrh day State Fair,

To cash received for difference in premiums,

To cash received for sale of one pitcher, -.-■-..-

To cash received for membership,

Total,

1857. CREDITS.

Mar. 2. By cash paid Adams' Express,

Mar. 3. By cash paid servants hire, ......

Mar. 3. By cash paid for candles, .......

Mar. 4. By cash paid for stationery, &c, .....--.

Mar. 16. By cash paid T. P. A. Bibb, (salary,) ....

June 9. By cash paid Capital Hotel, ......

June 9- By cash paid Hull & Co., (Premium List,)

July 1. By cash paid Post Office at Frankfort, ....

July 4. By cash paid for stationery, &.c,

July 4. By cash paid Western Farm Journal, ....

Aug. 11. By cash paid Scott & Hedges, Cincinnati, - - - -

Sept. 12. By cash paid Faran & McLean, Cincinnati, ...

Sept. 3d. By cash paid Adams' Express, ------

Oct. 8. By cash paid Adams' Express, -

Oct. 8. By cash paid H Evans, (stationery,) -

Oct. 8. By cash paid A G. Hodges, - ...

Oct. 8. By cash paid Yeoman Printing Company, - - - -

Oct. 8. By cash paid for gum arabic and brush, ....

Oct. 8. By cash paid for officer's rosettes, .....

Oct. 12. By cash paid Steele & Earnheart, .....

Oct. 13. By cash paid Wm. Lennox,

Oct. 13. By cash paid Jos. W. Funk,

Oct. 13. By cash paid for blank book, - - - - - -

Oct. 13. By cash refunded Wm. Bath,

Oct. 13. By cash refunded E. L. Carlton,

Oct. 13. Bv cash refunded A. Benout,

Oct. 13. By cash refunded M Millen,

Oct. 13. By cash paid John Funk,

Oct. 15. By cash refunded E. J. Collard,

Oct. 15. By cash paid K. B. Hart, for oats, &c. -

Oct. 17. By cash paid for stationery, ......

Oct. i7. Bv cash paid A. C. Keenon, ......

Oct. 17. By cash paid J P.Hawkins,

Oct. 17. By cash paid J. G. Ford,

Oct. 17. By cash paid Steamer Statesman,

Oct. 17. By cash paid G. A.Meyer & Son,

Oct. 17. By cash paid James Bacon, for lumber, ....

Oct. 17. By cash paid W. G. Beatty, engiueer,

Amount carried forward, $912 10

$5,648 00

5 00

194 10

60 00

156 00

35 00

5 00

10 00

40 00

393 20

1 25

168 00

10 00

6 00

476 85

3 00

254 75

5 00

382 00

5 00

515 60

73 00

20 00

9 00

$ 8,475 75

$ 25

2 HO

93 51

75 00

10 00

225 00

5 00

35 00

8 00

50 00

93 00

2 75

3 55

13 00

7 50

16 85

1 70

50 00

1 00

7 50

10 00

7 50

5 00

2* 25

11 25

20 30

73 62

12 50

6 00

2 15

17 62

10 00

310

REPORT OF THE

1857.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

'Oct.

17.

Oct

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

■Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

27.

•Oct.

17.

■Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

'Oct.

17.

©Jt.

17.

Uct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

■O :t.

17.

Oct.

17.

■Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

■Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

•Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

17.

Oct.

22.

Nov.

Nuv.

12.

Nov.

15.

Dec.

27.

Dec.

30.

Amount brought forward,

By cash paid VVm. A. Hopkins, assistant clerk, -
By cash paid Ben. Johnson, assisteut clerk, -

By cash paid M. P. Rueker,

By cash paid Iublvirt & Bros for bran, ...

By cash paid W. B. Woodruff, for feed, &c.

By cash paid J.J. Towles, to pay unsettled accounts, -

By cash paid Wm. Lennox,

By cash paid Warren's Brass Band, ....
By cash paid for Engine and expenses, ...

By cash paid H. C. Mullen,

By cash paid D. Rudy & Co. ....-•-•-

By cash paid R. W Scott, salary as Recording Secretary,

By cash paid Allen & Bell, -

By cash paid D. Rudy &. Co.

By cash paid James E. Rankin, - - - - -

By cash paid F. Lockett, premium, -

By cash paid W. T. Roberts, premium, ...

By cash paid W. T. Barrett, premium, . . -

By casli paid H. S Fowler, premium, - - - -

By cash paid W. S. Holloway, premium,

By cash paid Miss Lucy Sneed, premium,

By cash paid Mr. Devipe, premium, -

By cash paid J. S. Haydon, premium, - - - -

By cash paid Mayer & Son, for set planes, -

By cash paid Bade, Lambert & Co , premium,

By cash paid Ladd, Jenkins & Co., premium,

By cash paid John Lambert, premium on wagon, -

By cash paid Mrs. Newton, premium on nett counterpane,

By cash paid Miss Coolridge, premium on thread edging.

By cash paid Miss Louck, premium on pencil drawing,

By cash paid W. A. McGill, premium on ambrotypea,

By cash paid S J. Wooley, premium on photographs, -

By cash paid Mrs. Ewing, premium on needle work,

By cash paid Robert Price, premium on wheat.

By cash paid J E. McAlister, premium on pumpkins, -

By cash paid G. M. Proctor, premium on potatoes,

By cash paid Mr Hiuleibrant, premium on sweet potatoes,

By cash paid W. S. Elam, premium on cabbage,

By cash paid Mrs. E Hart, premium on onions, -

By cash paid George Black, premium,

By cash paid G. L. Roberts, premium on beans, -

By cash paid J C. Stapp. premium on honey,

By cash paid E. Cheatham premium on lard,

By cish paid W. T Barrett, premium on corn,

By cash paid Mrs. Rumsey, premium on painting,

By cash paid Mrs. Randolph, premium on coverlits, &c ,

By cash paid R. H. Alves, (for James Alves,)

By cast) paid John Funk, premium for variety of potatoes,

Bs cash paid Mrs. B J. Clay, premiums, ...

By cash paid Hedges, Free & Co., premiums,

By cash aaid J. L' me, (refunded,)

By cash paid Jno. Kitts & Co., for silver plate,

By cash paid Treasurer, salary, -----

By cash paid Express Company, -

By cash paid J.J. Towles. per order President, -

By cash paid Steamer Diamond, - - - - -

By cash paid Hull &. Brother,

By cash paid A. G. Hodges,

By cash paid R. W. Scott, stationery, - - - -

Total,

RECAPITULATION.

Total receipts, - -
Total expenditures, -

Balance in hands of Treasurer, -

$912 10

15 00

15 HO

42 50

11 HI

11') 00

250 00

135 75

200 00

72 00

88 00

5 27

225 00

2 50

28 93

2 00

5 00

3 00

5 00

2 00

5 00

3 00

5 00

2 00

1 00

2 00

1 00

2 00

4 00

5 00

6 00

2 00

35 00

15 00

3 00

3,407 31

200 (

247 65

24 50

3 75

98 56

25 47

$6,39) 95

$8,475 75

6,391 95

$2,083 80

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 311

There was, after the State Fair at Henderson in October last, the following amount of Sil-
ver Plate rem lining, to wit:

1 Silver Pitcher, coat $25, $25 08

3 Silver Pitchers, cost 20, 6t> 00

26 Silver Tumblers, cost lit, 260 00

12 Silver Tumblers, cost 5, 60 00

Total value of Plate, $405 00

JAS. W TATE,
Treasurer Ky. Stale Ag Soc"y.

REPORTS OF COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSO-
CIATIONS.

Reports have been received from all of the Societies in Kentucky.
Many of them will be found to be highly interesting and instructive,
expecially to young Societies just organizing and about to erect their
buildings. The public thanks are due to those gentlemen who have
taken the trouble to present these Reports, and it is hoped that each
Society will hereafter feel interested in securing full, accurate, and
interesting Reports of all their proceedings for the future publications
of the State Society. The omissions which exist in some of them
may be supplied in future. If the various committees at the Fairs
would give short written descriptions of the objects which are ad-
judged by them, these might be embodied in the Reports, and be the
means of securing accuracy and imparting interest to them.

It is hoped that hereafter the corresponding Secretary of each
County Society will feel it to be a prominent part of his duty to make
the Report of his Society as soon as the Fair is over. By preserving
copies of the Premium List, Awards, and published notices of the
Fairs, and sending them with his communication, it will be found t
be but little trouble. An account of the quantity, amount and value of
all the different crops in the vicinity of the Fair would be also highly
appropriate information to be contained in these Reports, and this in-
formation could be easily gathered by the Corresponding Secretary
from the persons who attend the Fair from all parts of the adjacent
country.

The Reports which are presented bear uniform testimony as to
their substantial benefit to the community, and of the refined amuse-
ment and social enjoyment which they afford. This will continue to
be the case as long as the public good shall be their only aim, and as
long as vice and dissipation of every sort shall be excluded from
them.

3 12 REPORT OF THE

A HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE BOURBON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SO-
CIETY.

Late in the afternoon of Monday, the 6th of June, 1836 — a county court day — a number of
Bourbon farmers, meeting, casually, in the town of Paris, fell into conversation upon the best
means of promoting the agricultural interests of the county. The idea was suggested, by some
one of these, of organizing an Association, whose business it should be, by holding annual
shows, the offer of prizes and otherwise, to promote the improvement of the breeds of stock,
and encourage the adoption of better modes of farm culture. It was at once determined to
carry this idea into effect, and a subscription was forthwith started, for the purpose of ascer-
taining how many could be found who were willing to give their aid to the enterprise. The
result was so satisfactory that notice was given of a public meeting to be held on the 9th of
July. This meeting seems to have been pretty fully attended, and the spirit manifested was
thought to justify an immediate organizatiou of an Association to be styled "The Bourbon
County Agricultural Society." The organization was partially perfected, on that day, by the
election of the following officers, to wit: Gen. James Garrard, President; Wm. P. Hume and
Nimrod L. Lindsay, Vice Presidents; Thomas Y. Brent, Treasurer; Thomas T. Thornton,
Corresponding Secretary, and Hiram M. Bledsoe, Recording Secretary. A committee was
appointed to prepare a constitution for the government of the Society, and this committee, at
a subsequent meeting held on the 30th of July, reported a constitution which, after being
amended in some particulars, was adopted. That constitution exists, with very few altera-
tions, to the present day.

Ten Directors were chosen, as provied for in the constitution, and the Society was ''airly
organized. This first Board, in addition to the President and two Vice Presidents, consisted
of the following gentlemen, viz : George W. Williams, Henry T. Duncan. Henry Clay, Sr. ,
James M. Cogswell, Brutus J. Clay, John Cunningham, William Hickman, Jeremiah Duncan,
Charles S. Brent, and Henry Towles.

The Directors met on the 13th of Auguit, and arranged a schedule of premiums for the
first Fair, to be held on the last day of September and first day of October. The range of
objects for which prizes were offered was much less extensive than it has since become. It
embraced cattle, horses, hogs, sheep, asses, and mules, commencing with three year olds of
each, and running down through the ages, except sheep and hogs, for which there was a pre-
mium for only one of each sex. Fat cattle of three several ages were also included. This
was the extent of the premium list with two exceptions — a cup was offered for the "best im
proved sod plow for double plowing," and for the "best improved hemp implement for cutting
hemp."

This schedule of premiums, meagre as it was, was quite equal to the resources of the So-
ciety. What these were, will best appear by a copy of the Treasurer's first report, made at
the annual meeting in 1837, which is as follows:

DEBITS.

To cash received from subscribers, 77, at $5, $ 385 00

To cash received as a donation, 5 00

To cash received from persons entering stock for exhibition, - - - 105 00

To cash received at the gate, 53 50

$548 50

CREDIT8.

By cash paid for a book, - • $ 50

By cash paid for keeping gate two days, .... 5 00

By cash paid for a rope, 6 50

By cash paid boy for bringing water, 75

Bv cash paid for putting up posts on Fairgrounds, - - 1 00

By ca*h paid Ben. M Riggs for cups, 225 00

By cash paid T. K. & B B Marsh for cups, .... 225 00

By cash paid Lyle &. Walker for printing, .... 22 00

$ 485 75

Balance due Society, $ 62 75

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 313

This first Board of Directors expended its revenues with an economy which is worthy of all
commendation. Of $485 laid out, $450 were paid for premiums, and this was scrupulously di-
vided, as had been directed by the Society, "between the two silversmith establishments in the
town of Paris." The rope and posts mentioned in the account, were used in forming a "ring"
for the exhibition of the stock, and that same rope did duty in that way for several years
thereafter.

It strikes one as exceedingly strange, that in such a county as Bourbon, at a time when
money was abundant, and the spirit of improvement and speculation so fully awakened, only
seventy-seven men could be fauud who were ready to take part in this scheme for the advance-
ment of the interests of Agriculture. It is an evidence of the general want of faith in what
was new and untried. The old prejudice against "book farming" and new fangled projects
and processes, and in favor of the old way of doing every thing, probably, had much to do
with this apparent apathy.

Of the character of the first exhibition, the writer of this can give but little information.
There is no record of the number of animals entered as competitors for the prizes. The
Citizen newspaper 3ays the show was highly creditable to the farmers of the county; and per-
sons who were present say that some of the stock exhibited would do no discredit to the
Society at the present day. Among the names of the premium animals, some of which are
recorded, are several whose blood now flows in the veins of much of the best stock in the
country. There was not then'the same uniformity of excellence that characterizes our shows at
the present day. Then, partial owners, not yet educated up to the high standard of taste and
judgment now so universally prevalent, brought forward their favorite animals to be convinced
of their inferiority only by actual comparison with others of really superior blood and breeding.
The advantages of high keeping and careful grooming were neither so well understood nor so
fully appreciated as they now are. In the early years of the Society, animals just from the pas-
tures, with unkempt hair and burr matted tails, were not unfrequently seen iu the ring, and
were not, as they would be now, received with the cry of "take him out !" from crowds of un-
mannerly boys. The stuffing, and rubbing, and currying, and washing, to which the pampered
competitors for the ribbons are now subjected were then altogether omitted, or rarely and par-
tially resorted to.

In 1837, the number of paying members had fallen to fifty-eight; yet. the receipts of the So-
ciety were somewhat larger than those of the previous year, and $475 were expended in pre-
miums. The premium list differed but little from that of the previous year; but certificates
were directed to be given to the "second best," and this practice was continued until three
years ago, when second premiums were first offered.

In February, 1838, the Society was first incorporated by an act of the General Assembly;
but its prosperity seems not to have increased. Yet some additional premiums, for various
farm crops, were added. In the summer of this year, the Society met with a severe loss in
the death of General Garrard, the President, who had been one of its earliest and most active
and efficient friends. He was succeded in his office by VVm. P. Hume, who was re elected
until 1841.

In 1839, the condition of the Society was so unsatisfactory that something was necessary t°
be done to increase its efficiency, and extend its influence. It was determined to reduce the
annual contribution of members from five to two dollars, and committees were appointed to
canvass for additional subscribers at that rate. The result was an increase of the list of mem-
bers to two hundred and thirty five. The resources of the Society were not, however, mate-
rially increased, and the following year the number on the roll fell to one hundred and seven-
ty-four, yielding only $348; and during that and the succeeding years to 1845, the Society
barely survived, being in that resppct more fortunate than any of her sister Societies in the
State, all of which perished beneath the financial troubles that prostrated the business and
crushed the spirit of the whole country.

These years furnish few incidents worthy of note.

314 REPORT OF THE

In 1841, Maj. Geo. W. Williams was chosen President, and he held the office until 1352,
when lie was succeeded by the present President, Brutus J. Clay, Esq. The same year, a res-
olution was passed, directing the President to call special meetings of the Society for the pur-
poses of tree consultation and interchange of views and opinions upon the "subject of the
pracicc of agriculture in its various departments, and for any other purpose promotive of the
objects of the Society." Some such meetings were held, but with what results the writer is not
informed, though he can well imagine that they may have proved both interesting and pro-
fitable.

About this time the Society commenced a war upon the crows, offering a reward of twenty
dollars for the largest number killed between the 13th of June and the Fai-, and another pre-
mium to the next largest number. This war was prosecuted to some purpose, for Abram Ren-
nick, in 1841, exhibited four hundred scalps, and F. P. Clay two hundred aod seventy. The
same premiums were given for several years, but were at length omitted, either because the
Society concluded that, as some believe, the crows did as much good as harm, or from a con-
viction that the extermination of the birds was hopeless, or, it may be, because Abram Ren-
nick proved the mightiest hunter of them all, and invariably received the rewards.

As an indication of the spirit in which Bourbon farmers met and dealt with the hard times,
I copy the following resolution, adopted in 1842 :

Resolved, That the officers and members of this Society will appear on the ground, at the
next Annual Fair, clothed in the product and manufactures of our own families, as far as con-
venient, and that we hereby pledge ourselves, as a Society, that we will, on all suitable occa-
sions, iu making purchases for ourselves and families, give decided preference to such articles
as are manufactured in our own country.

The first branch of this resolution, at least, was pretty generally complied with, for home-
spun was much more fashionable then than now . The pledge contained in the la3t clause of
it, however, has not sufficed to sustain the manufacturers of our own country against the com-
petition of power looms and spinning jennies.

In 1842, with a view to add interest to its Exhibitions, and enlist the aid and influence of
the ladies, a number of articles of domestic manufacture and needle-work were added to the
schedule of premiums, and in 1843 the list of these was still further increased, and one day
of the Fair was set apart for their display. This action, it is believed, saved the Society from
perishing ; for although, in that year and the succeeding one the number of members was not
increased, new and more general interest was taken in the Exhibitions. The ladies took hold
of the matter with spirit, and soon made attendance upon the Fairs fashionable. Up to this
time, females, from some notion that it was indelicate or improper for them to gaze at horses
and bulls, kept away from the shows, and, for several years after a day had been specially set
apart for them, they were never present except upon that day. It is only within the last few
years that fine horses and fine cattle have become the most interesting part of the Exhibition
to all the women in the country.

The year 1845 witnessed a decided improvement in the prosperity of the Society, and in the
following year, the conviction of its advantages to the country had become so general and so
firmly fixed, that its leading friends determined to make it a permanent institution of the
county With this view a committee was appointed to negotiate for the purchase of a piece
of land for the use of the Society, upon which such fixtures as were necessary for its Exhibi-
tions might be erected. This movement resulted in the purchase of ten acres of ground, at
one hundred and fifty dollars per acre, part of the present grounds of the Society. The means
with which to make this purchase, and add the improvements which the wants of the Society
then demanded, were raised by subscriptions of stock in shares of $33 33J^. By an arrange-
ment with the Society the stockholders remained the owners of the land, but its use belonged
to the Society. Each shareholder became a member of the Society, and was excused from
the payment of the annual subscription, to which the interest of the money advanced by him
was regarded as equivalent. The improvements made upon the ground purchased were neither
costly nor extensive, but they added greatly to the comfort and convenience of the Exhibi-
tions. They consisted chiefly of an ordinary plank fence, and sundry booths for the use of

STATE AGKICUL1URAL SOCIETY. 315

the officers and for the sale of refreshments. An amphitheatre, of some sort, which should
supercede the ring of roue and posts, vv ts considered a •desideratum, and the best manner of
supplying it with the limited means at the command of the Society, was a frequent subject of
discussion and conference. Upon the suggestion of the President, it was finally determined
to take advantage of a natural sink near the center of the lot, and construct an amphitheatre
by grading it until its bottom became a circular area, one hundred feet in diameter, whilst its
Bides were terraced into convenient seats. I his was done, and the whole being nicely sodded,
it was found to answer the purpose admirably. Indeed, it was looked upon as a triumph, and
the idea in which it originated was regarded as almost an inspiration.

But the accommodations thus furnished soon nee mie too contracted for the yearly increasing
crowds that flocked to the shows, which were annually becoming larger and more interesting,
under the stimulus of the additional premiums the Society was able to offer. For several
years it was necessary to rent land adjoining the Fair Grounds for the convenience of the
people and their horses, carriages and st >ck.

In 1850, ten more acres of land were purchased, at the price of two hundred dollars per-
acre, and this was enclosed with the other bv a high and substantial fence, which added mate-
rially to the means of the Society, by compelling all visitors to enter at the gates, and pay
for the privilege of witnessing the Exhibition, instead of climbing over the enclosure.

In 1 852, Maj. George VV. Williams, who had served the Society as its President, with great
ability and efficiency since 1841, declined a re election, and was succeeded by Brutus J. Clay,
Esq , who still retains the office, and who has discharged its laborious and vexatious duties
with the greatest energy, skill and judgment. The Society and the county are indebted to
him, in a very considerable degree, for those admirable improvements that have added so
much to the comfort of visitors and the convenience of Exhibitors. In the first year of his
presidency steps were taken for the erection of the handsome cottage and admirably arranged
and constructed amphitheatre, which now adorn the grounds of the Society. The committee
appointed to superintend the erection of these structures, and the stables, booths, divisional
fences, &c , then deemed necessary, were authorized to expend $10,000. The improvements
made cost fully that much. The cottage cost $2,2 HI; the amphitheatre $5,000, while the bal-
ance was expended in booths, stables, wells, fencing, grading, &c.

Eight acres have been recently added to the grounds, making the whole twenty-eight acres,
admirably located, with the turnpike road on one side and the Kentucky Central Railroad
on the other. The only other building really necessary to make these grounds as convenient
as could be desired, for the purposes to which they are devoted, was supplied by the Kentucky
State Agricultural Society, which held its first Fair upon them in 1*56. This consisted of a
handsome and admirably arranged circular hall, for the exhibition of fruits, flowers, garden
products, and domestic manufactures, need e work, &c. It cost $'2,000, and was purchased
from the State Society by the County Society, upon terms mutually acceptable to both.

These large expenditures were chiefly provided for by voluntary subscriptions, but they
have necessarily involved the Society in a debt which would have been exceedingly burden
some in any former period of its history, but which will be entirely nianigeable if its present
prosperity continues. That this prosperity will continue there is every reason to hope and be-
lieve. The Society has become a permanent public necessity. Its advantages are known and
admitted by all. Its beneficial influences upon the wealth of our people, and the progress of
their agriculture and domestic industry, are too highly appreciated to be either dispensed with
or permitted to diminish. There is no reason to fear that its splendid shows of stock will de-
cline in interest, or cease to attract the admiring thousands that now annually flock to see
them. This Society was one of the first ever organized in the State. She maintained her
existence — a feeble one. it is true — when every other perished Reviving with the returning
prospeiity of the country, she was in vigorous life, lreely dispensing her benefits, when her
present rivals catne into existence. She has been their leader and exemplsr in every enter-
prise within the scope of her organization, and she will never, while the spirit and the inter-
ests of our people remain what they are, abate her influences, or yield the hign rank [she has
hitherto held. A. M. BROWN, Secretary.

318 REPORT OF TEE

PREMIUM LIST OF BOURBON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, FOR 1857.

CATTLE,

Bull, four years old and upward, $10 00

Second best Bull, four years old and upward, - - - • - - - . 5 00

Bull, three years old and under four, - 7 00

Second best Bull, three years old and under four, ------- 3 00

Bull, two years old and under three, - 5 00

Second best Bull, two years old and under three, ------- 3 00

Bull, one year old and under two, .......... 5 00

Second best Ball, one year old and under two, -------- 2 00

Bull Calf, under one year old, ----------- 5 00

Second best Bull Calf, under one year old, ~ ------- L 00

Cow, four years old and upward, - - - - - - - - .- - 10 00

Second best Cow, four years old and upward, 5 00

Cow, three years old and under four, - - - - - - - - 7 00

Second best Cow, three years old and under four, 3 00

Cow, two years old and under three, - - S 00

Second best Cow, two years old and under three, ....... 3 00

Heifer, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - - - 5 00

Second best Heifer, one year old and under two, ------- i 2 00

Heiler Calf, under one year old, .-......--500

Second best Heifer Calf, under one year old, -------- 1 00

Judges — R. S. Taylor, J. R. Campbell, Issachar Fisher, Jas. G. Kiunaird, and Jacob Hughes.

Alternates — Peter Hedges, J. B. Kennedy, J. F. Jacoby, T. L. Cunningham, and John Hill.

HERD.

Bull and five Cows, over one year old, from one herd, 20 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

Bull of any age, - 10 00

Cow of any age, ........... - 10 00

Judges — C. Wilson, Isaac C. Vanmeter, A. Dupuy, R. C. Corwin, and Wm. Warfield.

Alternates — Wm. P„ Hume, C. W. Jones, Nelson Dudley, Abraham Rennick, and John Cun-
ningham.

FAT CATTLE AND GXEN.

Fat Bullock, four years old and upward, - - - - 10 00

Fat Cow, Spayed Heifer or Free Martin, four years old and upward, - - - 10 00

Steer, three years old and under four, --------- 7 00

Spayed Heifer or Free Martin, three year3 old under four, - - - - - 7 00

Steer, two years old and under three, ....--.... 5 00

Spayed Heifer or Free Martin, two years old and under three, - - - - - 5 00

Steer, one year old and under two, ......... 5 00

Spayed Heifer or Free Martin, one year old and under two, - - 5 00

Yoke of Oxen, for work, --.-.----- 10 00

Second best Yoke of Oxen, for work. ....... - 5 00

Judges — Wm. Garner, John Goff, Joseph Scott, Hiram Norton, and Jame.3 Ware.

Alternates — R. Beresford, F. Ford, J. F. Jacoby, M. D. Hume, and Wm. Nunn.

LONG WOOL SHEEP.

Buck, over two years old, - - - - 5 00

Second best Buck, over two years old, ......... 2 00

Buck, under two years old, - ......... 5 00

Second best Buck, under two years old, - ....... l 00

Ewe, over two years old, - 5 00

Second best Ewe, over two years old, - - - - - - - - 2 00

Ewe, under two years old, .......... 5 00

Second best Ewe, under two years old, ......... 1 00

Five fat Sheep, of any breed, 5 00

Second best five fat Sheep, of any breed, 3 00

Judges— John K. Hildret.h, J. R. Wornall, and J. M. Bush.

Alternates — James Hutchcraft, Greenberry Reid, and John Clay.

MIDDLE WOOL SHEEP.

Buck, over two years old, - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 00

Second best Buck, over two years old, 2 00

Buck, under two years old, .....--.-.. 5 00

Second best Biick, under two years old, ...--..-- 1 (10
Ewe, over two years old, ------------5 00

Second best Ewe, over two years old, 2 00

Ewe, under two years old, - ...-5 00

Second best Ewe, under two years old, 1 00

Judges— M. M. Clay, R. C. Boggs, and C. T. Garrard.

Alternates — W. H. C. Morelaud, James Kendall, and Robert H. Clay.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY,

TINE WOOL SHEEP.

Buck, over two years old, ------------ 5 -80

Second best Buck, over two years old, - 2 00

Buck, under two years old, ----------- 5 00

Second best Buck, under two years old, --------- 1 00

Ewe, over two years old, ------------ 5 00

Second best Ewe, over two years old, - ------- 2 00

Ewe, under two years old, - - - - - - - - - - - 5 00

Second best Ewe, under two years old, --------- 1 00

Judges — M. Neff, R. Hutchcraft, and Wm. Frice.

Alternates — Thomas Jones, Sr., John Stipp, and John W. Turner,

HOGS-.

Boar, over one year old, ...---..---- 5 00

Second best Boar, over one year old, ---------- 2 00

Boar, under one year old, _..... 5 00

Second best Boar, under one year old, - 1 00

Sow, over one year old, - 5 00

Second best Sow, over one year old, ---------- 2 00

Sow, under one year old, - - 5 00

Second best Sow, under one year old, --------- 1 00

Five fat Hogs, - - 5 00

Second best five fat Hogs, 3 00

Judqes — Daniel Smith, James Scott, and Samuel Brooks.

Alternates— H. VV. Rice, Jos. Ewalt, and M. M. Gass.

HORSES FOR SADDLE.

Stallion, four year3 old and upward, - - - - 10 00

Second best Stallion, four years old and upward, ------- 5 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, - - - - - - - . - - - 7 CO

Second best Stallion, three years old and under four, - ----- 3 CO

Stallion, two years old and under three, - 5 00

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three, - 2 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, 5 00

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two, - ------ 2 CO

Stallion Colt, under one year old, ---------- 5 00

Second best Stallion Colt, under one year old, 1 00

Mare, four years old and upward, 10 00

Second best Mare, four years old and upward, 5 00

Mare, three years old and under four, --------- 7 00

Second best Mare, three years old and under four, ------- 3 00

Mare, two year3 old and under three, --------- 5 00

Second best Mare, two years old and under three, - - - - - - - 2 00

Mare, one year old and under two, .... 5 00

Second best Mare, odo year old and under two, ------- 2 00

Mare Colt, under one year old, ---------- 5 00

Second best Mare Colt, under one year old, - ----- 1 00

Judges — Wm G. Moore, Dr. E Dudley, Wm. Cook, John F. Payne, and S. T. Drane.

Alternates — Dr. George H. Whitney, Hugh Roseberry, Ben. Woods, Jr., Smith Kenney, and
S. L. Herndou.

HORSES FOR HARNESS.

Stallion, four years old/and upward, - - - - ..... 20 00

Second best Stallion, four years old and upward, ------- 5 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, --------- 7 00

Second best Stallion, three years old and under four, - - - - - - 3 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, 5 00

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three, ------- 3 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, --------- 5 00

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two, ------- 2 00

Stallion Colt, under one year old, - - - - - - - - 5 00

Second best Stallion Colt, under one year old, -------- l 00

Mare, four years old and upward, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Second best Mare, four years old and upward, - - ------ 5 00

Mare, three years old and under four, 7 00

Second best Mare, three years old and under four, - 3 00

Marc, two years old and under three, • - ... - . 5 0O

Second best Mare, two years old and under three, - - -..-. 3 00

Mare, one year old and under two, 5 00

Second best Mare, one year old and under two, 2 00

Mare Colt, under one year old, .-..-.. . - . 5 00

Second best Mare Colt, under one year old, -------- 1 00

3 1 8 REPORT OF THE

Judges — R. C. Stewart. George Crane, G. D. Hunt, Asa MeConothy, and Geo. W. Burch.
Alternates — Ben. Robertson, E. Crutchtield, James Miller, VVm. McClelland, aud Tbumas

Lewis.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Stallion of any breed or age, - - - - 10 00

Mure of any breed or age, . : - ....... ]|) ()()

Judges — W. D. Crocket, Abram Buford, Edward Blackburn, J ihn M. Clay, and John Hos-
kins.

Alternates — James Bradley, R. W. Todhunter, Robert Carrick, Henry Nichols, and E. R.
Suntli.

DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion three years old aud upward, - - ....... 10 00

Second best Stallion, three years old and upward, ------- 5 00

Mare, three years old and upward, - -It) 00

Second best Mine, three years old and upward, ------- 5 00

Judges— Petvv Bramlet, John Gilmer, and James Mclntire.

Alternates — John H. Wallace, Edwin Claik, and Lafayette Ardery.

MATCHED HORSES, AC.

Pair of matched carriage horses, • -10 00

Second best pair matched carriage horses, ft 00

Pair ot matched mares, ........--7 00

Second best pair of matched mares, --------- -3 00

Pair oi broke mules, - 5 00

Second bent pair of broke mules, 2 00

THORUUGH BRED HORSES.

Stallion, thorough bred, l 10 00

Mare, thouroghlued, 1.0 00

MARE AND COLTS.

Mare and three of her colts, ........... 20 00

GELDINGS.

Gelding for saddle, four years old and upward. ....... - 10 00

Second best Gelding lor saddle, lour years oid and upward, ----- 5 00

Ceding lur saddle, under lour years old, - ------ 5 00

Second besl Gelding for saddle, uuder lour years old, - - - - - - 3 00

Gelding lor harness, four years old and upward, - - - - - - 10 00

Second best Gelding for harness, four years old and upward, - • - - - 5 00

Gelding lor harness, three yea.s old and under lour, • ------ 5 00

Second best Gelding for harness, three years old and under four, M 00

Gelding lor harness, under three years old, - - - - - - - 5 00

Secuud best Gelding lor harness, uuder three years old, - - - - - - 2 00

MULES.

Mule, three years old and upward, - - ....... 1(1 00

Second best Mule, three years old and upward, ------- 5 00

Horse mule, two \ears old and uuder three, ............ 5 00

Secund best Horse mule, two years old and under three, - - - - - - 2 00

Horse mule, ojie year old and under two, ........ 5 00

Second best Horse mule,' one year old and uuder two, - - - - - - 1 '0

Hor.-e muie colt, under one jear old, - ....... 5 (i()

Second best Horse mule coil, under one year old, ....... 1 00

Mart n.ule, two years old and under three, ...... -510

Second be.-t Ware mule, two years old and under three, - - - - - - 2 00

Mare mule, one year old and under two, ....... 5 00

Second uet-t Mare mule, one year Id and under two, ...... 1 00

Mare muieeolt, under one year old, - -------- 5 00

Secoiiu best Mare mule coll, under one year, ----- 100

Judges — J. Wesley Ware, Thomas Johnson, George Hamilton, W. S. Rogers, and Wm. R.
Esuli.

Alternates — H. A. Rogeis, Josiah D. Ware, A. S. Miller, B. B. Marsh, and Wm. VV. t isher.

ASSES.

Jack, three years old and upward. 10 00

Second best Jack, three years old and upward, -------- 5 00

Jack, iwo years old and under three, ........ 5 00

Secouu best Jack, two years o ; d aud uuder three, - - - - - - - 2 00

Jack, one year olu aud under two, ------ -.--5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Second best Jack, one year old and under two, - 1 00

Jack colt, under one year old, ---------- 5 00

Second best Jack cole, under one year old, 1 00

Jennet, three years old and upward, ----- 10 HO

Second best Jennet, three years old and upward, ft 00

Jennet, two veais old and under three, - •- -------- "5-00

Second best Jennet, two years old and under three, - 2 00

Jennet,, one year old and under two, -------- 5 00

Second best Jennet, one year old and under two, - 1 00

Jennet coit, under one year old, - 5 00

Second best Jennet colt, under one year old, 1 HO

Judges — Ben. F. Bedford, Lewis Payne, Silas P. Kennedy, Simeon Kirtley, and James K.
Jamison

Alternates— Sidney P. Clay, N. P. Rogers, S. D. Talbott, F. H. Abbott, and James Hall.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Jack of any age, ----- 10 00

Jennet of any a<ie, 10 00

Judges — B. B. Groom. Joseph Moran, and Anthony Killgore.
Alternates — Joseph Cheuault, Thomas Salter, Lucius Desha.

POULTRY.

Turkies. pair, --------- -----1 00

Ducks, Poland, pair, 1 00

Chickens, Shanghai, pair, ------------ 1 00

Chichens, Cochin China, pair, ---100

Chickens, Doikin, pair, ----------- 1 00

Chickens, Brahma Pootra, pair, ---------- I 00

Chickens, Game, pair, 1 00

Judges— James T. Shropshire, Wm. C. Gano and VVm. M. Kenney.

Alternates — F. P. Bedford, R. Hutchcraft, and Samuel H. Clay.

D0MESTIC3 OF WOOL.

Fine Jeans, ten yards, home made, -------- --5 00

Seeond best Fine Jeans, ten yards, home made, ------- 2 00

Fine Jeans, ten yards, factory made, ---------- 2 00

Second besr, Fine Jeans, ten \ards, factory made, ........ 1 00

Negro Jeans, ten yards, home made, -....-..- 2 00

Second best Negi o Jeans, ten yards, home made, ------- 1 00

Negro Jeans, ten yards, factory made, -------- -2 l'()

Second best Negro Jeans, ten yards, factory made, ------- 1 00

Fulled Cloih, ten vards, 3 00

Second best Fulled Cloth, ten yards, I 00

White Linsev.ten yards, home made, --------- 2 00

Seeond best White Linsey, ten yards, home made, ------- 1 00

Colored Linsey, ten yards, home made, .......... fc 00

Second best Colored Linsey, ten yards, home made, ------- 1 00

Negro Linsey, ten yards, home made, 2 00

Second best Negro Linsey, ten yards, home made, - - - - - - - 1 00

Negro Linsey, ten yards, factory made, .......... 2 00

Second best Nejjro Linsey, ten yards, factory made, - - - - - - 1 00

Flannel, ten yards, home made, .......... 2 .00

Second best Flannel, ten yards, home made, ...-'-.--. 1 00

Pair of Blankets, KentU'ky made, 5 (10

Second best Pair ol Blankets, Kentucky made, 2 00

Colored Coverlet, 3 00

Second best Colored Coverlet, 1 00

Carpe r , ten yards, Kentucky made, --..------5 00

Second best Carpet, ten yards, Kentucky made, ------- 2 00

Hearth Rug. home made, 2 00

Second best, Hearth Rug, home made, ......... 10Q

Woolen Hose, ] t'O

Woolen Halt Hose, 1 00

Infant Socks, - ■ 1 00

Judjes— John D. Hearne, Wm. H. Shackelford, and Henry C. Howard.

Alternates — Todd Baiterton, C. F. Scruggs, and Milton Berry.

OF COTTON.

Kentucky twilled Cloth, mixed, ten yards, ......-« 2 00

Kentucky twilled Cloth, mixed, second best, ten yards, 1 00

320

REPORT OF THE

Kentucky twilled Cloth, striped, ten yards, 2 00

Kentucky twilled Cloth, striped, second best, ten yards, - - - - - - 1 00

Kentucky Negro Cloth, plain, ten yards, - 2 00

Kentucky Negro Cloth, plain, second best, ten yards, - - - -■*'■- - 1 00

Kentucky lied Ticking, ten yards, - 2 00

Kentucky Bed Ticking, second best, ten yards, -------- 1 00

White Counterpane, home made, ---------- 3 00

White Counterpane, second best, home made, - - - - - 1 00

Cotton Hose, 1 00

Judges— W. W. Massie, Wm. Talbott, and J. B. Rankin.

Alternates — Thomas C. Wood, Isaac N. Miller, and Jacob Spears.

OF HEMP AND FLAX.

Linen Diaper, ten yards, home-made, 2 00

Second best Linen Diaper, ten yards, home-made, 1 00

Flax Linen, ten yards, home made, 2 00

Second best Flax Linen, ten yards, home made, ------- 1 00

Hemp Linen, ten yards, home made, --------- 2 00

Second best Hemp Linen, ten yards, homemade, - - 1 00

Tow Linen, ten yards, home made, -----..... 2 00

Second best Tow Linen, home made, 1 00

Sewing Thread, one pound, homemade, -------- 1 00

Judges — H. R. Orr, Richard Hawes, and Wm. M. Samuel.

Alternates — Joseph Taylor, J. W. Wright, and C. V. Higgins.

NEEDLE WORK, AC.

Silk Patch-work Quilt, - - - 10 00

Second best Silk Patch work Quilt, 5 00

Worsted Patch work Quilt, 7 00

Second best Worsted Patchwork Quilt, 3 00

Calico Patch-work Quilt, - - - - - - 5 00

Second best Calico Patch Work Quilt, 2 00

White Quilt, solid work, - 5 00

Second best White Quilt, solid work, 2 00

Calico Comfort, 2 00

Second best Calico Comfort, - - - 1 00

Cloth Coat made by Tailor, ------ 2 00

Secoud best Cloth Coat made by Tailor, 1 00

Shirt, unstarched, : 2 00

Second best Shirt, unstarched, .......... i 00

Silk Embroidery, - \ 2 00

Second best Silk Embroidery, ----------- 1 00

Worsted Embroidery on Cloth, - . . 2 00

Second best Worsted Embroidery on Cloth, 1 00

Worsted Embroidery on Canvas, - - - - - - - - - - 2 00

Second best Worsted Embroidery on Canvas, ------- 1 00

Thread Embroidery, - - - - 2 00

Second best Thread Embroidery, 1 00

Hemstitched Garment or Handkerchief, -------- 2 00

Second best Hemstitched Garment or Handkerchief, - - - - - - 1 00

Ornamental Shell Work, 2 00

Ornamental Wax Work, 2 00

Leather Work, - 2 00

Hair Work, - - --.-..- - 2 00

Shoes made by a Lady, - - - - - - - - - - - 1 00

Judges—Mrs. George H. Whitney, Mrs. James S. Matson, and Mr3. B. J. Clay.

Alternates — Mrs. R. Keiningham, Mrs. Ben. C. Bedford, and Mrs. James W. Ingela.

PAINTINGS, AC.

Animal Painting in Water Colors, 2 00

Landscape in Water Colors, ------ .... 2 00

Cattle Drawing, 2 00

Fruit Painting, - 2 00

Flower Painting, 2 00

Fancy Painting, 2 00

Grecian Painting, - - - - 2 00

Monochromatic Painting, ..... ..... 2 00

Polychromatic Painting, 2 00

India Ink Drawing, 2 00

Pencil Drawing, 2 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 321

Display of Daguerreotypes, 2 00

Display of Ambrotypes, 2 00

Display of Photographs, 2 00

Judges— Mrs. Wm.C. Lyle, Miss Martha Clay and Miss Ethelia B. Moore.

Alternates— Mrs. Noah Spears, Jr., Mrs. Elizabeth Bedford, and Mrs. T. D. Wardlow.

CARRIAGES, AC.

Familv Carriage, two Horse, - 10 00

Single Buggy, 5 00

Wa°;on, two Horse, 5 00

Carriage Harness, * - - 5 00

Man v s Saddle and Bridle-, 5 00

Judges — George VV. Williams, A. D. Cummins and Levi Link.

Alternates — William H. Crosthwait, A. O. Davis and James Stevenson.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Reaping Machine, 10 00

Mowing Machine, 10 00

Threshing Machine, - - - 10 00

Plow, two horse, for sod, - - - - - - 5 00

Plow, two horse, for stubble, 500

P'ow, two horse, sub soil, 5 00

Plow, one horse, 2 00

Corn Crusher, • - 5 00

Corn Sheller, 2 00

Wheat Fan, 2 00

Straw Cutter, - - 2 00

Harrow, 2 00

Roller, 2 00

Cultivator, ......-.-..-. 2 00

Hay Rake, 2 00

■Mowing Cradle, 2 00

Wheat Drill, 2 00

Portable Cider Press, 3 00

Apparatus for cooking food for stock, 3 00

Pump, 3 00

Bee Hive, - - - 2 00

Churn, 2 00

Judges — Samuel Clay, C. T. Garrard and Jesse Hall.

Alternates — William P. Hume, Col. William Wright and W. B. Rogers.

HATS, BOOTS, AC.

Fur Hat-, 2 00

Wool Hat, 1 00

Cloth Cap, 1 00

Pair of Boots, 2 00

Pair of Shoes for ladies winter wear, 1 00

Judges — William Burr, Jonathan Massie and James W. Ingels.
Alternates— Daniel Nichols, William Cassady and Frank Gummin3

GRAINS, &C.

Wheat, half bushel, 1 00

Oats, half bushel, 1 00

Rye, half bushel, 1 00

Barley, half bushel, 1 00

Buckwheat, half bushel, 1 00

Fifty ears of Corn for bread, 1 00

Fifty ears of Corn, for stock, ------------ 1 00

Clover Seed, one peck, .-...-----.- 1 00

Hemp Seed, one peck, - 1 00

Timothy Seed, one peck, - 1 00

Blue Grass Seed, one peck, 1 00

Largest Pumpkin, 1 00

Judges — Isaac Wright, J. K. Gottingham, and Daniel Isgrigg.

Alternates — Thomas J. Grimes, John Harpe, and Wra. A. Osborne.

GARDEN.

Irish Potatoes, half bushel, 1 00

Sweet Potatoes, half bushel, 1 00

Cabbage, six heads, 1 00

Tomatoes, one peck, 1 00

322 REPORT OF THE

Celery, six bunches, 1 00

Turnips, for table, one peck, - 1 00

Parsnips, one peck, - 1 00

Salsify, one peck, 1 00

Onions, one peck, - - 1 00

Carrots, one peck, - - - - - 1 00

Beets, for table, one peck, 1 00

Beets, for stock, half bushel, 1 00

Lima Beans, half peck, 100

Bunch Beans, half peck, 100

Pepper, half peck, - 100

Watermelons, three, 1 00

Muskmelons, three, 1 00

Squashes, half dozen, 1 00

Judges — E. M. Kennedy. J. S. Matson and Joseph Hearne.

Alternates — Noah Spears, John A. Prall and D. P. Lewis.

ORCHARD.

Display of Fall Apples, 1 00

Display of Winter Apples, 1 00

Display of Cling Peaches, 1 00

Display of Free Peaches, 1 00

Plums, one dozen, - - 1 00

Quinces, one dozen, 1 00

Display of Fall Pears, 1 00

Display of Winter Pears, 1 00

Grapes, Catawba, basket, 1 00

Grapes, Isabella, basket, 1 00

Judges — A. V. Bedford, A. C. Keenon and Wm. Holloway.

Alternates — E. D. Hobbs, Wm. D. Gallagher and H. T. Duncan.

FLOWERS.

Display of Green House Flowers, in pots, - 5 00

Roses, twenty-four best varieties, - 2 00

Dahlia, greatest variety, 1 00

Phloxes, greatest variety, 100

Verbenas, greatest variety, 100

Cut Flowers, greatest variety, 1 00

Boquet of Hardy Flowers, - 100

Boquet of Green House House Flowers, 1 00

Floral Design of Living Flowers, 2 00

Judges — Thomas Brown, Edward McAllister, Mrs. M. R. Macaboy, Mrs. Hugh Brent, Miss
Elizabeth Hickman and Mrs. A. M.Brown.

DAIRY.

Butter, five pounds, 3 00

Cheese, ten pounds, 3 00

Honey, five pounds, 1 00

Maple Sugar, five pounds, - 1 00

Preserves, three kinds, 2 00

Pickles, three kinds, 2 00

Jellies, three kinds, 2 00

Preserved Fruit, one can, ---------- .-100

Judges — Richard Hawes, John B. Raine and Wm. M. Samuel.
Alternates — Thomas L. Arnold, Chas. S. Brent and Caleb Walton.

PANTRY, AC.

Ham, 1 00

Dried Beef, - - - 1 00

Loaf of Wheat Bread, 2 00

Kentucky Wine, six. bottles, Diploma

Cider, six bottles, 2 00

Lard, five pounds, 100

Candles, ten pounds home-made, 1 00

Soap, five pounds home-made, 1 00

Starch, five pounds home-made, 100

Flour, fifty pounds, 1 00

Meal, fifty pounds, 100

Judges— E. G. Bedford, C. M. Clay and Joseph Mitchell.

Alternates— Samuel Rule, J. R. Thornton and Robert P. Kenney.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETV. 616

ORDER OF EXHIBITION.

First Day. Cattle, Sheep and Hog3.

Second Day. Fat Cattle, Saddle Horses, Sheep and Hogs.

Third Day. Harness Horses, Mules and Poultry.

Fourth Day. Draft Horses, Match Horses, Geldings and Asses.

Industrial Hall will be open for the reception of articles for exhibition on Monday the 21st
September, and all entries must be made by 10 o'clock of the first day of the Fair. The Hall
will be open that evening for the admission of visitors.

REGULATIONS.

Any person may become a member of the Society, at any time ten days before the Fair, by
payment of two dollars, on application to the Treasurer,- W. W. Mitchell.

A few persons may become stockholders by payment of thirty-three dollars and thirty-three
cents, on application to the President, B. J. Clay.

Persons, not members, may make exhibitions by paying five dollars, at the time of entry.

All stock must be entered in the name of the owner, by 9 o'clock of the day of exhibition,
at which hour the exhibition will commence each day.

The gate of the amphitheatre will be closed in ten minutes after the call of the Marshal
for each class of stock.

All animals to which premiums shall be awarded, will be required to remain on the grounds
until the close of the Fair, except withdrawn by permission of the President.

All articles must be entered and labelled before received by the Superintendents of the
Hall, and will remain under their charge until the close of the Fair.

All domestics exhibited for competition must have been made within two years preceding
the Fair.

All farming implements must be exhibited by the makers only.

Members are invited to exhibit such articles, for which no premium has been offered, as
may be deemed of value, and from the number thus exhibited, ten discretionary premiums
will be awarded to the most worthy.

The President, Vice Presidents, or one of the Directors, shall attend each awarding com-
mittee, in viewing the different classes of stock and articles.

No person other than the Judges will be permitted to go into the ring where the stock is
exhibiting, except the officers of the Society and the Marshals.

No person who is an exhibitor can act as Judge, in the class in which he exhibits.

All horses in the harness class, two years old and upward, must be exhibited in harness.

No stock will be permitted to enter the ring unless under halter, and in care of a groom,
except mules.

Exhibitors will place in the hands of the groom a card, containing the age of all animals
under four years old.

No animal will be permitted to enter but one class, except in the herd and sweepstakes.

No person will be permitted to enter the ring to show his own stock, and in violation of the
rule will forfeit the premium.

If any person shall make known to the Judges his ownership of stock, or the pedigree
thereof, he shall not be entitled to a premium on said stock.

No stallion, mare, bull, cow, jack or jennet, four years old, shall be permitted to compete
for a premium, unless it has proven itself a breeder.

No premium will be awarded to any aged animal that has taken the first premium a3 such
at any Fair of this Society, except in sweepstakes, and only once in that class.

No premium will be awarded to any animal or article, where there is no competition, un-
less the Judges shall deem such worthy of it.

The premiums, except for the products of the farm and garden, are open to the world.

Premiums will be paid in silver plate or coin, on the last day of the Fair.

PRICE OF ADMISSION.

Offices will be open on the Railroad and Turnpike for the sale of tickets.

No money received at the gates.

The charges for admission to the grounds are as follows :

Each person on foot, $ 25

Each person on horse, 35

Double buggy, 75

Single buggy, 50

Carriages and barouches, 1 00

Omnibus, per day, ...,..-. 5 00

Hack, per day, 3 00

The owner of each omnibus or hack will be required to pay twenty five cents for each pas-
senger carried into the grounds.

Members are requested to call upon the Treasurer for their tickets before the Fair.

B. J. CLAY, President.

A. M. Brown, Recording Secretary.

324

REPORT OF THE

LIST OF PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE BOURBON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL

SOCIETY, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

CATTLE.

Bull, four years old and upward, two entries, George M. Bedford, first premium; B. J. Clay,
second premium.

Bull, three years old and under four, two entries, McMillan & Matthews, first premium; Sol .
Vanmeter, second premium.

Bull, two years old and under three, five entries, C. T. Garrard, first premium; B. J. Clay,
second premium.

Bull, one year old and under two, five entries, B. J. Clay, first premium; A. & J. Allen,
second premium.

Bull Calf under one year old, eight entries, William R. Duncan, first premium;. William
Warfield, second premium.

Cow, four years old and upward, nine entries, William Warfield, first premium; B. J. Clay,
second premium.

Cow, three years old and under four, six entries, B. J. Clay, first premium; A. Allen, second
premium.

Cow, two years old, four entries, George M. Bedford, first premium; B. J. Clay, second
premium.

Heifer, one year old, seven entries, B. J. Clay, first premium; G. M. Bedford, second pre-
mium.

Heifer Calf, eight entries, William R.Duncan, first premium; William Warfield, second
premium.

HERD.

Four entries, B. J. Clay, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES..

Bull, eleven entries, C. T. Garrard, premium.
Cow, thirteen entries, William Warfield, premium.

SHEEP.

Buck, two years old, two entries, George M. Bedford, first premium; R. McMillan, second
premium.

LONG WOOL SHEEP.

Buck, under two years old, three entries, Isaac Smith, first premium; F.J. Gray, second
premium.

Ewe, over two years old, six entries, Joel S. Berry, first premium; H. W. Rice, second
premium.

Ewe, under two years old, seven entries, Joel S. Berry, first premium; R. McMillan, second
premium.

Five fat Sheep of any breed, twelve entries, Sam. H. Clay, first and second premiums.

MIDDLE WOOL SHEEP.

Buck, over two years old, one entry, William C. Lyle, premium.

Buck, under two years old, one entry, William C. Lyle, premium.

Ewe, over two years old, two entries, William M. Kenney, first and second premiums.

Ewe, under two years old, one entry, Wm. M. Kenney, premium.

FINE WOOL SHEEP.

Buck, under two years old, two entries, Wm. C. Lyle, first premium; Thomas J. Grimes,
second premium.

Ewe, over two years old, one entry, T. J. Grimes, premium.

Ewe, under two years old, two entries, William C. Lyle, first premium; T. J. Grimes,
second premium.

HOGS.

Boar, over one year old, three entries, A. C. Shropshire, first premium; S. H. Clay, second
premium.

Boar, under one year old, two entries, Jesse Kennedy, first premium; A. C. Shropshire,
second premium.

Sow, over one year old, two entries, A^ H. Weaver, first premium; J. H, G. Bush, second
premium.

Sow, under one year old, one entry, Sam. H. Clay, premium.

SECOND DAY.

FAT CATTLE AND OXEN.

Fat Bullock, four years old and upward, three entries, C. T. Garrard, first premium; Isaac
Shelby, second premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 325

Fat Cow, Spayed Heifer or Free Martin, two entries, B. J. Clay, first premium; R. Hutch -
craft, second premium.

Steer, three years old, and under four, two entries, Isaac Shelby, Sr., first premium; C. T.
Garrard, second premium.

Spayed Heifer or Free Martin, three years old and under four, one entry, Isaac Shelby,
premium.

Steer, two years old and under three, three entries, Isaac Shelby, Sr., first premium; W.
M. Kenney, second premium.

Steer, one year old, two entries, A. M. Bedford, first and second premiums.

Yoke of Oxen, for work, eight entries, W. R. Duncan, first premium; Albert Allen, se-
cond premium.

HORSES FOR SADDLB.

Stallion, four years old and upward, eight entries, R. A. Carter, first premium; J. T. Tal-
bott, second premium,

Stallion, three years old and under four, five entries, J. F. Payne, first premium; Hervy
Kerr, second premium.

Stallion, two years old and under three, four entries, John Griffith, first premium; Sam. H.
Clay, second premium.

Stallion, one year old and under two, one entry, J. A. & R. M. Price, premium.

Stallion Colt, under one year old, five entries, Mrs. Laban Letton, first premium; Henry
Hedge, second premium.

Mare, four years old and upward, eight entries, N. S. Ferguson, first premium; W. R.
Duncan, second premium.

Mare, three years old and under four, four entries, R. Madison, first premium; T. W.
Lewis, second premium.

Mare, two years old and under three, six entries, Jos. Lail, first premium; Henry Kerr,
second premium.

Mare, one year old and under two, four entries, Jos. Lail, first premium; W. B. Coons,
second premium.

Mare Colt, under one year old, six entries, 0. B. Thomas, first premium; W. F. Rose, se-
cond premium.

THIRD DAY.

HORSES FOR HARNESS.

Stallion, four years old and upward, eight entries, J. T. Nichols, first premium; F. Felt-
ner, second premium.

Stallion, three years old and under four, five entries, J. M. Nichols, first premium; T. W.
Lewis, second premium.

Stallion, two years old and under three, ten entries, F. S. Darnaby, first premium; Isaac
Knight, second premium.

Stallion, one year old and under two, eleven entries, J. K. Hildreth, first premium; Wid.
Wright, second premium.

Stallion, colt, under one year old, nine entries, Sol. Redman, first premium; Wm. Turney,
second premium.

Mare, four years old and upward, nine entries, C. L. Redman, first premium; Wm. J. Hig-
gins, second premium.

Mare, three years old and under four, four entries, J. K. Hildreth, first premium; J. Daw-
son, second premium.

Mare, two years old and under three, two entries, J. P. Shropshire, first premium; O. H. Bur-
bridge, second premium.

Mare, one year old and under two, eight entries, H. S. Parker, first premium; Sol. Redman,
second premium.

Mare, colt, under one year old, fourteen entries, H. S. Parker, first premium ; Caleb Wal-
ton, second premium.

MULES.

Mule, three years old and upward, two entries, H. W. Rice, first premium ; Fielding Bush,
second premium.

Horse Mule, colt, two entries, Thomas F. Muir, first premium; William G. Hedges, second
premium.

Mare Mule, two years old, one entry, W. R. Estill, premium.

Mare Mule, one year old, four entries, Thos. F. Muir, first premium; James H. Miller, se-
cond premium.

Mare Mule, colt, seven entries, Henry Chiles, first premium; J. Dawson, second premium.

Matched Mules, two entries, William R. Duncan, first premium; Henry Chiles, second pre-
mium.

326 REPORT OF THE

POULTRY.

Turkies, pair, one entry, Mrs. A. F. Clay, premium.

Ducks, Poland, pair, two entries, J. F. Gray, first premium; Miss Martha Clay, second pre-
mium.
Chickens, Shanghai, pair, one entry, H. Hackett, premium.
Chickens, Cochin China, pair, one entry, Miss Martha Clay, premium.
Chinese Geese, one entry, J. F. Gray, premium.
Chickens, Dorking, pair, one entry, Miss Martha Clay, premium.
Chickens, Brahma Pootra, pair, three entries, H. Hackett, premium.
Game Chickens, pair, one entry, Joseph Hall, premium.
Poland Chickens, pair, one entry, Miss Martha Clay, premium.

FOURTH DAY.

DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion, three years old and upward, eight entries, Cleveland & Mosely, first premium;
G. L. Chiles, second premium.

Mare, three years old and upward, eight entries, Jacob Hughes, first premium; Henry C
Bowman, second premium.

Pair of Matched Carriage Horses, two entries, E. J. Smith, first premium ; Kimbrough &
Davis, second premium.

Pair of Matched Mares, two entries, F. H. Abbott, first premium; T. A. Hutcheraft, second
premium.

THOROUGH BRED HORSES.

Mare, three colts, three entries, John Griffith, first premium; Mrs. E. T. Letton, second
premium.

Stallion, thorough bred, three entries, A. Wilson, first premium ; Joseph Hall, second pre-
mium.

Mare, thorough bred, four entries, T. J. Young, first premium ; Webb Ross, second pre-
mium.

GELDINGS.

Gelding, for saddle, four years old and upward, sixteen entries, R. A. Spurr, first premium ;
E. D. Hunt, second premium.

Gelding, for saddle, under four years old, fourteen entries, C. C. Rogers, first premium ;
Jonathan Smith, second premium.

Gelding, for harness, four years old and upward, five entries, Scott Brown, first premium; J.
H. Eastin, second premium.

Gelding, for harness, three years old and under four, four entries, J. H. Eastin, first pre-
mium ; James Miller, second premium.

Gelding, for harness, under three years old, four entries, Joshua Cromwell, first premium ;
James Rennick, second premium.

Buggy Mare, three entries, Henry Chiles, first premium; Orlando Talbott, second premium.

ASSES.

Jack, three years old and upward, four entries, David Penn, first premium; Geo. A. Bean,
second premium.

Jack, two years old and under three, four entries, Daniel Talbott, first premium; 0. S. Big-
staff, second premium

Jack, one year old and under two, four entries, S. D. Talbott, first premium; Sol. Spears,
second premium.

Jack, colt, under one year old, eight entries, T. W. Lewis, first premium; Henry Leer, se-
cond premium.

Jennet, three years old and upward, five entries, William R. Duncan, first premium ; B. B.
Marsh, second premium.

Jennet, two years old and under three, two entries, Dudley Tribble, first premium ; James
McMillan, second premium.

Jennet, one year old and under two, two entries, James Hutcheraft, first premium ; B. B.
Marsh, second premium.

Jennet, colt, under one year old, three entries, E. Vanmeter, first premium ; James Hutch-
eraft, second premium.

Jack, of any age, nine entries, Daniel Talbott, first Jpremium ; ,S. D. Talbott, second pre-
mium.

Jennet, of any age, four entries, Dudley Tribble, first premium ; Henry Leer, second pre-
mium.

SWEEPSTALES.

Horses, twenty-four entries, J. T. Nichols, first premium ; Wm. Wright, second premium.
Mares, twenty-nine entries, J. K. Hildreth, first premium ; William J. Higgins, second pre-
mium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 327

DOMESTICS OF WOOL.

Fine Jeans, ten yards, home-made, three entries, Geo. L. Redmon, first premium ; Mrs. T.
J. Grimes, second premium.

Fine Jeans, ten yards, factory made, two entries, Mrs. T. J. Grimes, first premium ; J. T .
Wornel, second premium.

Negro Jeans, ten yards, home-made, three entries, F. J. Gray, first premium ; Ed. Clarke,
second premium.

Negro Jeans, ten yards, factory made, four entries, John W. Turner, premium and cer-
tificate.

White Linsey, ten yards, home-made, fire entries, Mrs. T. J. Grimes, first premium ; Reu-
ben Hutchcraft, second premium.

Colored Linsey, ten yards, home-made, one entry, Mrs. Thos. J. Grimes.

Negro Linsey, ten yards, home-made, four entries, Geo. L. Redmon, first premium ; Ed.
Clarke, second premium.

Flannel, ten yards, homemade, four entries, James Hutchcraft, first premium ; Mrs. T. J.
Grimes, second premium.

Pair of Blankets, Kentucky made, six entries, F. J. Gray, first premium ; James T. Ware,
second premium.

Colored Coverlet, four entries, Mrs. Elizabeth Edwards, premium and certificate.

Carpet, ten yards, Kentucky made, one entry, R. Hutchcraft, premium.

Hearth Rug, home-made, one entry, Mrs. B. J. Clay, premium.

Woolen Hose, one entry, Mrs. T. J. Grimes, premium.

Wolen Half Hose, seven entries, Mrs. C. Broadhead, first premium; Miss L. Curl, second
premium.

Infant Socks, three entries, Miss Letitia Curl, first premium; Mrs. S. Skinner, second pre-
mium-

OF COTTON.

White Counterpane, home made, six entries, Mrs. James Hutchcraft, first premium; Mrs. T.
J. Grimes, second premium.
Cotton Hose, four entries, Mrs. W. A. Osborne, premium.

OF HEMP AND FLAX.

Linen Diaper, one entry, George Rymel, premium.

Flax Linen, ten yards, home-made, one entry, George Rymel, premium.

Hemp Linen, ten yards, home made, two entries, George Rymel, first premium; Mrs. T. J-
Grimes, second premium.

Tow Linen, ten yards, home made, four entries, Mrs. J. A. Miller, premium and certi-
ficate.

Sewing Thread, one pound, home made, five entries, Mrs. Sena Muir, first premium; Mrs.
Mrs. J. A. Miller, second premium.

NEEDLE WORK, <tC.

Silk Patch work Quilt, five entries, Mrs. J. H. Edlen, first premium; Mrs. Wm. H. Doom,
second premium.

Worsted Patch work Quilt, seven entries, Miss W. H. Parker, first premium*, Miss S. A.
Harris, second premium.

Calico Patch-work Quilt, eleven entries, H. Shaw, first premium; Miss Sarah Skinner, sec-
ond premium.

White Quilt, Solid work, one entry, E. R. Smith, premium.

Calico Comfort, one entry, Mrs. B. J. Clay, premium.

Cloth Coat, made by Tailor, two entries, J. H. Wertz, premium and certificate.

Shirt, unstarched, six entries, Mrs. E. Barlow, first premium; Mrs. Edward Donley, second
premium.

Silk Embroidery, six entries, Miss E. Ware, first premium; Miss Martha Clay, second pre-
mium.

Worsted Embroidery on Cloth, eight entries, Miss Martha Clay, first premium; Mrs. N. S.
Moore, second premium.

Worsted Embroidery on Canvas, four entries, Mrs. N. S. Moore, first premium; Miss S. A.
Harris, second premium.

Thread Embroidery, four entries, Mrs. Louisa Kniffin, first premium; Mrs. T. J. Grimes,
second premium.

Hemstitched Garment or Handkerchief, two entries, Miss Mary Mitchell, premium.

Leather Work, two entries, Mrs. M. J. Batterton, first premium; Miss A. B. Moore, second
premium.

PAINTINGS, AC.

Animal Painting, two entries, Miss Nancy L. Bedford, premium.
Landscape, in water colors, two entries, Miss Martha Clay, premium.
Cattle Drawing, four entries, Edward D. Garrard, premium.
Fruit Painting, three entries, Mrs. Wm. Massie, premium.

328 REPORT OF THE

Flower Tainting, seven entries, Miss Nancy L. Bedford, premium.
Fancy Painting, two entries, Miss Carrie Moore, premium.
Grecian Painting, four entries, Mrs. W. C. Lyle, premium.
Monochromatic Painting, six entries, Miss Caroline Moore, premium.
Polychromatic Painting, four entries, Miss Nancy L. Bedford, premium.
Indian Ink Drawing, three entries, Miss Margaret T. Bedford, premium.
Pencil Drawing, thirteen entries, Mrs. Wm. W. Massie, premium.

DISCRETIONARY PREMIUMS.

Black Crayon Drawing, Miss Carrie Moore, premium.
Pastelle Painting, Miss Athelia B. Moore, premium.
Ornamental Painting, Miss A. B. Moore, premium.

CARRIAGES, <feC.

Family Carriage, two horse, four entries, H. F. Cromwell, first premium; Galpin & Simp-
son, second premium.

Single Buggy, two entries, J. Cunningham, first premium; Galpin & Simpson, second pre-
mium.

Wagon, two-horse, one entry, R.F. Cromwell, premium.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Reaping Machine, three entries, Warder, Brokaw & Child, premium.

Mowing Machine, two entries, Baldwin, Dewitt & Co., premium.

Threshing Machine, one entry, A. Garr & Co , premium.

Plow, two horse, for sod, two entries, J. C. Miller & Co., premium.

Plow, two-horse, for stubble, three entries, T. E. C. Brinley, premium.

Subsoil Plow, one entry, Henry F. Cromwell, premium.

Cultivator, two entries, T. E. C. Brinley, premium. i

Plow, one horse, one entry, H. F. Cromwell, premium.

Corn Sheller, one entry, Miller, Wingate & Co., premium.

Straw Cutter, four entries, J. F. Keizer, premium.

Mowing Cradle, one entry, Geo. Rymel, premium.

Wheat Drill, one entry, Warder, Brokaw & Child, premium.

Portable Cider Press, one entry, H. Peas, premium.

DAIRY.

Butter, five pounds, eight entries, Jeff. Redman, first premium; Mrs. W. R. Duncan, second
premium.

Honey, five pounds, two entries, Mrs. N. Baldwin, first premium; Jas. Hutchcraft, second
premium.

Maple Sugar, five pounds, one entry, T. J. Grimes, premium.

Preserves, three kinds, five entries, Mrs. A. V. Bedford, first premium; 0. H. Burbridge,
second premium.

Pickles, three kinds, five entries, Mrs. A. M. Bedford, first premium; Mrs. Thos. Kennedy,
second premium.

Jellies, three kinds, two entries, Mrs. B. J. Clay, first premium; Mrs. Nannie Baldwin,
Becond premium.

Ham, four entries, Mrs. A. F. Clay, first premium; Mrs. B. J. Clay, second premium.

Dried Beef, one entry, C. T. Garrard, premium.

Loaf of wheat bread, three entries, Mrs. J. L. Hickman, first premium; Mrs. A. M. Brown,
second premium.

Lard, five pounds, eight entries, Mrs. W. C. Lyle, first premium; Mrs. Dr. W. Pryor, second
premium.

Candles, ten pounds, home made, two entries, Mrs. W. C. Lyle, first premium; Mrs. Jas.
Hutchcraft, second premium.

Soap, five pounds, home made, nine entries, Mrs. John Clay, premium and certificate.

Starch, five pounds, home made, six entries, Mrs. Thos. Kennedy, first premium; Mrs. W.
C. Lyle, second premium.

Flour, fifty pounds, two entries, Mrs. B. J.Clay, first premium; Jno. Cunningham, Jr.,
second premium.

GRAINS, <fcC.

Wheat, half bushel, fourteen entries, David Penn, first premium; Sam. H. Clay, second
premium.

Oats, four entries, 0. H. Burbridge, first premium; F. J. Gray, second premium.

Rye, half bushel, four entries, 0. H. Burbridge, first premium; F. J. Gray, second premium.

Fifty ears of corn for bread, six entries, M. M. Gass, first premium; T. J. Grimes, second
premium.

Fifty ears of corn for stock, three entries, E.M. Kennedy, first premium; B. J. Clay, second
premium.

Clover Seed, one peck, one entry, F. J. Gray, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 329

Hemp Seed, one peck, one entry, F. B. Taylor, premium.

Timothy Seed, one peck, four entries, F. J. Gray, first premium ; 0. H. Burbridge, second
premium.
Blue Grass Seed, one peck, one entry, O. H. Burbridge, premium.
Largest Pumpkin, six entries, J.J. Adair, premium.

GARDEN.

Irish Potatoes, half bushel, ten entries, Col. Jas. T. Ware, first premium; B.C.Bedford,
second premium.

Sweet Potatoes, half bushel, four entries, Nick Talbott, first premium; Sampson Talbott,
second premium.

Cabbage, six heads, eleven entries, H. Hackett, first premium; A. V. Bedford, second pre-
mium.

Tomatoes, twelve entries, Mrs. B. C. Bedford, first premium; Mrs. D. Isgrigg, second pre-
mium.

Celery, six bunches, four entries, 0. H. Burbridge, first premium; R. T. Davis, second pre-
mium.

Turnips, for table, one peck, three entries, Mrs. Joseph Hall, first premium; Mrs- J. H.
Mitchell, second premium.

Parsnips, one peck, six entries, Mrs. B. J. Clay, first premium; Mrs. VVm. K. Griffith, second
premium.

Salsify, one peck, three entries, Mrs. Jas. H. Mitchell, first premium; Jas. Hutchcraft, second
premium.

Onions, one peck, ten entries, Granville Smith, premium.

Carrots, one peck, thirteen entries, Mrs. B. J. Clay, first premium; Mrs. W. C. Lyle, second
premium.

Beets, for table, one peck, twenty entries, H. Hackett, first premium; A. M. Brown, second
premium.

Beets, for stock, half bushel, four entries, B. C. Bedford, first premium; VV. R. Duncan, sec-
ond premium.

Lima Beans, half peck, eight entries, Mrs. R. Talbott, first premium; Mrs. B. J. Claay, sec-
ond premium.

Bunch Beans, half peck, seven entries, Mrs. A. V. Bedford, first premium; B. C. Bedford,
second premium.

Pepper, half peck, ten entries, Mrs. Win. Prvor, first premium; O. H. Burbridge, second
premium.

Watermelons, two entries, C. T. Garrard, first premium; Miss Mary Kleiser, second pre
mium.

Squashes, half dozen, nine entries, Rich. Hutchcraft, first premium; Mrs. John Clay, second
premium.

ORCHARD.

Display of Fall Apples, four entries, Mrs. W. C. Lyle, premium.

Display of Winter Apples, two entries, W. R. Logan, premium.

Display of Cling Peaches, five entries, C. T. Garrard, premium.

Display of Free Peaches, three entries, Mrs. Thos. Kennedy, premium.

Plums, one entry, Miss Mary Clay, premium.

Quinces, one dozen, five entries, Mrs. W. C. Lyle, premium.

Display of Fall Pears, two entries, A. V. Bedford, first premium; Granville Smith, second
premium.

Grapes, Catawba, basket, two entries, A. M. Brown, first premium; W. C. Lyle, second pre-
mium.

Grapes, Isabella, basket, two entries, Mrs. A. M. Brown, first premium; Mrs. W. C. Lyle,
second premium.

FLOWERS.

Green House Flowers, one entry, W. A. Bacon, premium.

Phlox, greatest variety, two entries, Mrs. Jos. Hutchcraft, first premium; Miss Martha Clay,
second premium.

Verbenas, greatest variety, two entries, W. A. Bacon, first premium; Miss Martha Clay,
second premium.

Cut Flowers, greatest variety, two entries, Mrs. Jas. Hutchcraft, first premium; Mrs. W. A.
Bacon, second premium.

Hand Boquet of Hardy Flowers, two entries, Miss Cordelia Bedford, premium.

Boquet Greenhouse Flowers, one entry, Mrs. Jas. S. Matson, premium.

Floral Design of Living Flowers, one entry, Mrs. W. A. Bacon, premium.

330 REPORT OF THE

CAMPBELL COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Alexandria, Ky., Dec. 22, 1857.
R. W. Scott, Corresponding Seer etary Ky. State Ag. Society :

Dear Sir: — Yours of the 1 6th inst. was received after some delay, caused by being
missent. I will attempt to give you such information of our Seciety as you desire, and in
doing so will answer the interrogatories as nearly as possible.

The Agricultural Society of Campbell County was organized, and a constitution for the
government of the same, was adopted on the 7th June, 1856. The Society then purchased
ten acres of land lying east and adjacent to the town of Alexandria, and within half a mile of
the Newport and Alexandria Turnpike Road, for the sum of five hundred dollars, which is
inclosed with a good fence. On their grounds the Society has erected an amphitheatre, in-
closing a show ring about 130 feet in diameter, with seating around the same sufficient, under
the roof, to seat six to seven thousand persons.

The Society has held two Fairs — the first in October, 1856, the second in September, 1857-
The second Fair was well patronised, so much so as to be profitable to the Society. The ef-
fect of the two Fairs has been to create a deep and manifest interest in the welfare and pros-
perity of our Society, and we are going on under very favorable auspices, to the full com-
pletion of our grounds and buildings, which have already cost us about 16,000.

The officers of the Society I will give you, with their post-office address:

Officers. — Benj. Smith, Cold Spring, President; Alex. Caldwell, Vice-President, Alexandria;
Samuel Smith, Treasurer, Alexandria; Benj. Beall, Secretary, Alexandria; Dr. Parker, New-
port; Col. T. L. Jones, Newport; Samuel Mcintosh, Cold Spring; Saml. Wright, Alexandria;
B. F. Reiley, Alexandria; Fred. Brown, Alexandria; Henry Blatner, Alexandria; Foster Byrd.
Alexandria; Edward Morin, Flagg Spring,- David Pollock, Flagg Spring, Directors.

Imperfectly as I have given the history of our Society, and hoping it may answer the pur-
pose, by changing the form to suit you,

I remain your obedient servant,

BEN. BEALL,
Secretary C. C. Ag. Soc'y.

P. S. We paid out for premiums awarded $

PREMIUM LIST OF CAMPBELL COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

Best 10 yards fine Jeans, $ 3 00

Best 10 yards white Linsey, 2 00

Best 10 yards colored Linsey, 2 00

Best 10 yards striped or plaid Linsey, 2 00

Best 10 vards white Flannel, 2 00

Best pair Hose, 1 00

Best pair Blankets, 3 00

Best Bed Spread or Coverlet, 3 00

Best 10 yards home made Carpet, 3 00

Best pair woolen Mitts, 1 00

Best pair woolen Gloves, 1 00

Best half dozen cuts spun Wool Yarn, 1 00

Best specimen Worsted Embroidery, 3 00

Best specimen Cotton or Linen Embroidery, 3 00

Best Linen Shirt made by lady, 3 00

Best Linen Shirt, made by girl 12 years and under, 3 00

Best Cotton Shirt, made by girl 12 years and under, 2 00

Best Linen Chemise, 3 00

Best Cotton Chemise, ------------2 00

Best Child's Worsted Dress, - - - - - 2 00

Best Muslin Worsted Dress, -100

Best Jeans Coat, by lady, -3 00

Best Vest, by lady, -2 00

Best pair Pants, -•-'-.- - 1 00

Best Cot Crotchet Tidy, - 1 00

Best Worsted Lamp Mat, - 1 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 331

Best specimen Silk Embroidery, 3 00

Best Silk patchwork Quilt, 4 00

Best Cotton patchwork Quilt, 2 00

Best Worsted patchwork Quilt, 3 00

Judges. — Mrs. Frank Spilman, Mrs. R. H. Hayman, Mrs. T. W. Kennedy, Peter Kronz, G.
W. Reiley, Campbell county, Jno, W. Johnson, Kenton county.

WOODEN WARE.

Best tight Barrel, 1 00

Best slack Barrel, 50

Best Lard Keg, 50

Best Churn, 1 00

Best Bedstead, 3 00

Best Wardrobe, 3 09

Best y, dozen Split Chairs, 3 00

Best Refrigerator, 3 00

Best Meat Safe, 2 00

Best Lady's work table, 2 00

Best Washing Machine, - - 2 00

Best Wooden Tray, 1 00

Best }{ 2 dozen Axe helves, 1 00

Judges. — Frederick Brown, P. H. Wilson, James McCron, W. G. Gosney, Campbell coun-
ty, Robt. McQuiston, Kenton county.

HATS, CAPS, AND FURS.

Best Silk Hat, 2 00

Best Fur Hat, 2 00

Best Straw Hat, 1 00

Best Cloth Cap, 1 00

Best Fur Cap, 1 00

Judges. — Samuel Smith, Campbell county, James Davidson, Wm. Brown, Kenton county.

HARNESS, BOOTS AND SHOES.

Best set double Carriage Harness, - - 5 00

Best set Wagon Harness, ... 5 00

Best set single Buggy Harness, 3 00

Best Gents' Saddle and Bridle, 3 00

Best pair Boots, 2 00

Best pair coarse Shoes, 1 00

Best pair Ladies' Shoes, - - 2 00

Best pair Childrens' Shoes, 1 00

Best Leather Trunk, 2 00

Best pair Shoes made by a Lady, 2 00

Judges. — Ben. Morris, New Richmond, Ohio ; C. G. Mertens, Henry Huser, A. W. John-
son, Campbell county.

SILVER, COPPER AND TIN WARE.

Best display Silver Ware, 5 00

Best display Copper Ware, ....... .... 3 00

Best display Tin Ware, 3 00

Judges. — W. R. Evans, Covington; James Hainesworth, Campbell county; Henry P. Elias,
Cincinnati.

GUN9.

Best Rifle Gun, for general use, ----- 3 00

Best Shot Gun, for general use, .......... 3 00

Judges. — B. W. Foley, Kenton county ; Joseph Shaw, A. J. Galbreath, Campbell county

FRUITS.

Best display of Apples, 3 00

Best display of Pears, - 3 00

Best display of Peaches, -------- .... 3 00

Best display of Plums, 2 00

Best display of Quinces, - - 1 00

Best display of Grapes, 2 00

Second best variety of Apples, 2 00

Second best variety of Peaches, 2 00

Best six bottles of Native Wine, three years old, 5 00

Best six bottles of Native Wine, two years old, ....... 5 00

Best six bottles of Native Wine, one year old, 5 00

Best six bottles of Cider, 1 00

Judges. — Athelstan Owens, Mason county ; Reuben McDonald, Kenton county ; Dr. N. B.

Shaler, Campbell county ; Daniel Fisher, Bracken county ; James Dinsmore, Boone county.

332 REPORT OF THE

PANTRY.

Best Ham, cooked and mode of curing, 2 00

Best barrel of Flour, 3 00

Best bushel of Meal, 1 00

Best five pounds of Maple Sugar, 1 00

Best bottle Maple Molasses, - - - - - 1 00

Best display of Cake, 3 00

Best Cake, 1 00

Best display Preserves, ------------ 3 00

Best display Jellies, 2 00

Best display Pickles, 2 00

Best can of Tomatoes, one year old, with mode of preparation, - - - - 1 00

Best can of Peaches, one year old, with mode of preparation, 1 00

Best ten pounds of Lard, -.......--. I 00

Best loaf of Wheat Bread, - ..... 1 00

Judges. — Mrs. Ben. Smith, Mrs. Elizabeth Thomas, James A. Shaw, John H. Barlow.
Jame3 Ewan, Campbell county ; Mrs. Wm. Shaw, Clermont county, Ohio.

VEGETABLES.

Best six heads of Cabbage, 1 00

Best variety of Vegetables, 5 00

Best peck of Onions, 1 00

Best peck of Parsnips, 1 00

Best peck of Beets, 1 00

Best bushel of Turnips, - - 1 00

Best bushel of Irish Potatoes, 2 00

Best bushel Sweet Potatoes, ■ 2 00

Best peck of Tomatoes, 1 00

Best bunch of Celery, 1 00

Best Pumpkins, 1 00

Best Squashes, 1 00

Judges — Walker Wilson, Kenton county; Wm. Williams, Boone county; S. Mclatosh,
Campbell county; E. J. Hooper, Campbell county; Nicholas Taliaferro, Mason county.

DAIRY.

Best roll of Butter, 2 00

Best Cheese, 2 00

Best ten pounds Honey, 1 00

Best gallon Apple Butter, 1 00

Judges — Miss Lydia Pearce, Mrs. Samuel Wright, Mrs. Edward Moran, A. D. Daniel, Tbos.
Spink, Campbell county.

POULTRY.

Best pair of Turkeys, 2 00

Best pair of Ducks, - - - • 2 00

Best pair of Geese, 2 00

Best pair of Chickens, 2 00

Best display of Fowls for domestic use, 2 00

Judges — Samuel Carter, Chas. Strieker, Campbell county; Dr. A. H. John, Kenton county.

SECOND DAY.

CATTLE.

Best Bull, three years old and over, ------- li 00

Best Bull, two years old and under three, --------- 8 00

Best Bull, one year old and under two, --------- 8 00

Best Calf, under one and a half years old, -------- 5 00

Best Cow, three years old and over, ---------- 8 00

Best Cow, two years old and under three, --------- 5 00

Best Heifer, one year old and under two, --------- 5 00

Best Heifer Calf, one and a half years old, 5 00

Best Milch Cow, - 8 00

Best Yoke of Oxen, three years old and over, 9 00

Best Yoke of Oxen, three years old and under, 5 00

Judges — Chas. Humphreys, Mason county; David Wilson, Cincinati; John Caldwell, Pendle-
ton county; William Tucker, Grant county; Samuel Roberts, Kenton county; Joseph Morledge,
Campbell county.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Bull any age, - - - 10 00

Best Cow any age, 10 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 333

Judges — Charles Humphreys, Mason county; David Wilson, Cincinnati; John Caldwell, Pen-
dleton county; William Tucker, Grant county; Samuel Roberts, Kenton county; Joseph Mor-
ledge, Campbell county.

FAT CATTLE.

Best Bullock, 5 00

Best Free Martin or Spayed Heifer, - - - - 5 00

Best Calf six months old, 3 00

Judges — T. Moorehouse, Campbell county; Joseph Farrar, Campbell county; Reuben Bris-

tow, Kenton county; Leonard Stephens, Kenton county; John Shaw, Clermont county, Ohio.

SHEEP.

Best aged Buck for wool or mutton, - - 5 00

Best Ewe for wool or mutton, 5 00

Best pair Lambs for wool or mutton, 3 00

Best four fat Sheep, 5 00

Judges — Benjamin Kirk, Mason county; Alexander Caldwell, Campbell county; Frank
Riggs, Kenton county; Edward Morin, Campbell county; S. Hudson, Boone county.

HOGS.

Best Boar, 5 00

Best, Sow, 5 00

Best pair Pigs, 3 00

Best three fat Hogs, 5 00

Best Brood Sow, with litter of pigs, 5 00

Judges — Charles Murnan, Henry Blattner, John Wheeler, Campbell county; William S.
Harrod, Bracken county; David Wilson, Cincinnati.

JACKS AND JENNETS.

Best Jack, three years old and over, 10 00

Best Jack, two years old and under three, 8 00

Best Jack, one year old and under two, --------- 7 00

Best Jack, under one year old, 5 00

Best Jennet, three years old and over, - 10 00

Best Jennet, two years old and under three, ........ 8 00

Best Jennet, one year old and under two, 7 00

Best Jennet, under one year old, 5 00

MULES.

Best Mule, two years old and over, - 6 00

Best Mare Mule, one year old and under two, ....... 4 00

Best Horse Mule, one year old and under two, - - 4 00

Best Mare Mule, under one year old, - - - " - .--..'- 3 00

Best Pair Match Mules, 5 00

Judges — Eldred M. Groves, M^son county; Coleman Shaw, Campbell county; O. P. Ho-
gan, Grant county; Jack Graves, Boone county; Joab Scales, Kenton county.

THIRD DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Best Blooded Stallion, three years old and over, - 10 00

Best Blooded Stallion, two years old and under three, - - - - - - 8 00

Best Blooded Stallion, one year old and under two, - - - - - - 6 00

Best Blooded Mare, three years old and over - - - 10 00

Best Blooded Mare, two years old and under three, ------- 8 00

Best Blooded Mare, one year old and under two, 6 00

Best Blooded Colt, under year old, 5 00

Judges — George Grain, Cincinnati; A. Robbins, Pendleton^ Robert Kyle, Mt. Carmel, O.;
Wm. Blackerby, Bracken county; A. H. Pollock, Germantown, Ky.

SADDLE HORSES.

Best Saddle Stallion, four years old and over, • ...... 10 00

Best Saddle Stallion, three years old and uuder four, 8 00

Best Saddle Stallion, two years old and under three, 7 00

Best Saddle Stallion, one year old and under two, - 6 00

Best Saddle Stallion, under one year old, --.....- 5 00

Best Saddle Mare, four years old, ---------- 10 00

Best Saddle Mare, three years old and under four, - 8 00

Best Saddle Mare, two years old and under three, 7 00

Best Saddle Mare, one year old and under two, 6 00

Best Saddle Mare, under one year old, - 5 00

Best Saddle Gelding, four years old and over, 10 00

334 REPORT OF THE

Best Saddle Gelding, three years old and under four, 8 00

Best Saddle Gelding, two years old add under three, 7 00

Judges — A. H. Pollock, Germantown, Ky.; A. Robbins, Pendleton County; George Crain,
Cincinnati, 0; Robert Kyle, Mt. Carmel, O.; Wm. Blackeiby, Bracken county.

HARNESS HORSES.

Best Harness Stallion, four years old and over, 10 00

Best Harness Stallion, three years old and under four, ------ 8 00

Best Harness Stallion, two years old and under three, 7 00

Best Harness Stallion, one year old and under two, 5 00

Best Harness Mare, four years old and over, 10 00

Best Harness Mare, three years old and under four, 8 00

Best Harness Mare, two years old and under three, - - - - - - 7 00

Best Harness Mare, one year old and under two, 6 .00

Best Harness Mare, under one year old, 5 00

Best Gelding, four years old and over, - - - 10 00

Best Gelding three years old and under four, 8 00

Best Gelding two years and under three, 7 00

Best Gelding one year old and under two, 6 00

Best Gelding under one year, 5 00

Best Pair Match Harness Horses, 10 00

Best Pair Match Harness Mares, 10 00

Judges — Chas. W. Todd, Campbell county; Thos. Dalton, Mason county; James T. Berry,
Campbell county; Jacob Metts, Kenton; W. G. Willis, Boone county.

FOURTH DAY.

DRAFT HORSES.

Best Stallion four years old and over, 10 00

Best Stallion three years old and under four, 8 00

Best Stallion two years old and under three, 7 00

Best Stallion one year old and under two, 6 00

Best Stallion under one year old, -- 5 00

Best Mare four years old and over, 10 00

Best Mare three years old and under four, 8 00

Best Mare two years and under three, 7 00

Best Mare one year old and under two, ---------6 00

Best Mare under one year old, 5 00

Judges — W m. J. Morin, Campbell county; P. Melindy, Ohio; Anthony Kilgore, Ma3on coun-
ty; Jas. T. Eubank, Kenton county; Dennis Neued, Boone county.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Stallion for all uses, 10 00

Best Mare for all uses, 10 00

Best Gelding for all uses, 10 00

Best Pacing Horse or Mare, 10 00

Best Trotting Horse or Mare, ----- 10 00

Judges — Wm. J. Morin, Campbell county; P. Melindy, Anthony Ohio; Kilgore, Mason county;
Jas. S. Eubank, Kenton county; Dennis Neued, Boone county.

HORSEMANSHIP.

Best display by boy fourteen years old and under, 10 00

Best display by gentleman over fourteen years, 10 00

Best display by girl fourteen years and under, - - 10 00

Best display by lady over fourteen years, 10 00

Judges — Col. John W. Finnell, Kenton county; P. J. Donham, New Richmond, O ; Hugh
Patterson, Cincinnati, H. Kendall, Grant county; Col. Thomas L. Jones, Campbell county.

FIFTH DAY.

CARRIAGES, WAGONS, AC.

Best four seated Rockaway, 5 00

Best Top Buggy, - - 5 00

Best Open Buggy, 5 00

Best Spring Wagon, 5 00

Judges— John H. Nelson; Peter Yocum. Campbell county; Samuel K. Hayes, Kenton county.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Best Threshing Machine and Power, 5 00

Best Mowing Machine and Power, 5 00

Best Reaping Machine and Power, 5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 335

Best Wheat Fan and Power, 3 00

Best Corn Crusher and Power, 3 00

Best Cutting Box, 2 00

Best two horse Wagon, 5 00

Best Wheelbarrow, 1 00

Best Roller or clod crusher, 2 00

Best Hay Rake and Power, 2 00

Best Hoe for farming purposes, 1 00

Best Ox Yoke, .... 1 00

Best Pump, 2 00

Best two-horse Sod Plow, 3 00

Rest two horse Stubble Plow, 3 00

Best Harrow, 3 00

Best Cultivator, 2 00

Best Plow, 2 00

Best Grain Cradle, 2 00

J Judges — A.Caldwell, Campbell county; Fielding Dickey, Boone county; Thos. Bird, Kenton
county.

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.

Best acre Corn, 5 00

Best acre Wheat, - 5 00

Best acre Oats, 3 00

Best acre Timothy, 5 00

Best acre Clover, 3 00

Best acre Barley, - - - - 5 00

Best half acre Irish Potatoes, - 5 00

Best bushel Oats, 1 00

Best bnshel Wheat, 2 00

Best acre Corn for bread, - - .......... 5 00

Best acre Corn for stock, 5 00

Best two bales Hay, 3 00

Best acre Spring Wheat, 5 00

Best bushel Barley, 1 00

Best bushel Rye, 1 00

Judges— Allen Graves, Boone county; William Reiley, Campbell county; George White,
Kenton county.

PLOWING MATCH.

Best performance Plowing by persons 16 years and under, 6 00

Best performance Plowing by persons 16 years and over, 6 00

Judges— Samuel Wright, John Kenney, Campbell county; W. G. Ellis, Kenton county.

REGULATIONS OF CAMPBELL COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY r .

1st. No persons shall be allowed to go into the ring where the Stock and other articles are
placed for exhibition, except the Judges, President, Vice President, Ringmaster, Directors,
Marshals, and Secretary.

2d. No person shall be permitted to exhibit any stock for premium of which he is not the
owner or breeder, nor any other article, unless he be the manufacturer, inventor, or importer
thereof; and if any person shall violate this rule he shall not receive a premium; and if any
person in violation of this rule receives a premium, it shall be the duty of the Treasurer, aa
soon as the fact is ascertained, to institute suit for the recovery of the same or its value.

3d. If any person shall, by any act whatever, willfully make known to the Judges his owner-
ship of stock on exhibition, or the pedigree thereof, he shall not be entitled to a premium on
such stock.

4th. All Stock or other Articles intended for exhibition, must be entered with the Secretary,
previous to the morning of the day, or on the morning and before 10 o'clock of the day on
which they are to be exhibited respectively; but no entry can be made until the rules in regard
to payment have been complied with.

5th. Entries of growing Crops must be made as follows: — Wheat, Barley, Rye, and Oats, in
July; Hemp on or before the 1st day of September, and Corn on or before the first day of the
Fair.

6th. Persons entering Wheat, Barley, Rye, Oats, or Corn for exhibition, are required to
have the ground surveyed and the Produce accurately measured by two disinterested persons,

336 REPORT OF THE

and their certificates handed to the Secretary, on or before the first day of December; the
Corn must not be measured before the first day of November.

7th. No premium shall be awarded to any object when there is no competition, unless the
Judges deem such object worthy of premium.

8th. No Milch Cow, Bull, Jack, Jennet, Brood Mare, or Stallion four years old or upwards,
shall compete for a premium unless it has proven itself a breeder.

9th. All Manufactured Articles must be exhibited by the mauufacturer or its authorized
agent.

10th. All Agricultural Productions, Fruit3, Vegetables, &c, by the producer.

11th. The Judges will please report themselves to the Secretary on arrival to the Fair
Grounds by 10 o'clock, A. M.

12th. Exhibitors of Blood Horses will be required to deposit with the Secretary an authen-
tic pedigree of each animal during the first day of the fair.

13th. No animal will be permitted to enter but one class after taking the premium, except
; n the herd and sweepstakes.

LIST OF PREMIUMS AWARDED AT CAMPBELL COUNTY AGRICULTURAL

SOCIETY, FOR 1857.

DOMESTIC ARTICLES.

Specimen Wool Embroidery, Mrs. J. H. Parker, premium.
Cotton Patch Quilt, Mrs. J. H. Parker, premium.
Muslin Embroidered Dress. Mrs. J. H. Parker, premium.
Cotton Tidy, Mrs. J. H. Parker, premium.
Pair Bed Blankets, Robert Kyle, premium.

Pair Pants, C. F. Pfender, (boy under fourteen years,) premium..
Rag Carpet, Mrs. Robert Shaw, premium.
Wool Coverlet, E. F. Stevens, premium.
Linen Chemise, Mary A. Yeager, premium.
Specimen Silk Embroidery, Mrs. Lafayette Shaw, premium..
Linsey, ten yards, Philip Yelton, premium.
Silk Quilt, Mrs. Spangenburg, premium.
Linen Shirt, Miss Fannie Coleman, premium.
Spun Yarn, half dozen, Mrs. Robert Dodsworth, premium.
Half Hose, one pair, Mrs. Robert Dodsworth premium.
Bed Spread, Mrs. J. M. Lawson, premium.
Plaid Linsey, ten yard3, Mrs. Edward Shaw, premium-
Cotton Embroidery, Miss Eva Perry, premium.
Cotton Chemise, Mrs. Searing, premium.
Jeans, ten yards, Mrs. Walker Wilson, premium.
Jeans Coat, by Lady, Mrs. Walker Wilson, premium.
Jeans Vest, by Lady, Mrs. Walker Wilson, premium.
Jeans Pants, by Lady, Mrs. Walker Wilson, premium.
Wool Mitts, Mrs. Walker Wilson, premium.
Linen Shirt, by girl twelve years old, F. B. Rust, premium.
Linen Chemise, by girl twelve years old, F. B. Rust, premium.
Plaid Fannel, Mrs. Sarah Wright, premium.

WOODEN WARE.

Chairs, half dozen, Henry Havens, premium.
Axe Handles, half dozen, D. B. Jones, premium.

HARNESS, AC-

Double Carriage, J. H. Perkins, premium.
Double Wagon, J. H. Perkins, premium..
Single Buggy, J. H. Perkins, Premium.
Gents' Saddle and Bridle, J. H. Perkins, premium.
Pair Shoes, by Lady, Mrs. E. B. Havena, premium.

SILVER WARE.

Display, G. W. McDonnald, premium.

GUNS.

Double Shot Gun, A. D. Furnish, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 337

FRUITS AND WINES.

Plums, eight entries, John Dye, premium.

Grapes, eleven entries, David Uhl, premium.

Display of Apples, twelve entries, James Shaw, premium.

Wine, three years old, fifteen entries, John Bavvmgartner, premium.

Wine, one year old, John Bawmgartner, premium.

Cider, six bottles, twenty entries, David Truesdell, premium.

Dish of Peaches, twenty-two entries, B. F. Hills, premium.

Dish of Quinces, thirty one entries, J. J. Wright, premium.

Dish of Pears, thirty three entries, C. Merman, premium.

PANTRY.

Jar of Pickles, nine entries, Mrs. John Piper, premium
Cake, sixteen entries, Mrs. Jabez McDonnald, premium.
Displyy Jellies, twenty entries, Mrs. Martha Brown, premium.
Maple Molasses, thirty-three entries, Mrs. Oliver Stanley, premium.
Peach Jelly, thirty four entries, Mrs. Wiley Bates, premium.
Apple Butter, thirty six entries, Rev. James. Spillman, premium.
Preserves, thirty seven entries, Mrs. E. P. Dameron, premium.
Can of Peaches, thirty eight entries, B. F. Hills, premium.
Honey, thirty-nine entries, W. R. Clark, premium.
Bread, forty-two entries, Bart Gosney, premium.
Lard, forty four entries, Mrs. Sarah Wright, premium.

VEGETABLES.

Pumpkins, three entries, James Tomason, premium.
Beets, five entries, John Dye, premium.
Onions, eighteen entries, L. C. Yeager, premium.
Parsnips, nineteen entries, L. C. Yeager, premium.
Sweet Potatoes, twenty five entries, Wm. Ware, premium.
Squashes, tweuty six entries, C. Sprague, premium.
Irish Potatoes, thirty one entries, J. F. Dantill, premium.
Tomatoes, thirty four entries, Peter Yocum, premium.

DAIRY.

Roll Butter, nine entries, Mrs. J. W. Alford, premium.

POULTRY.

Pair of Chickens, six entries, Ben. Beall, premium.
Display of Chickens, nine entries, Edward Shaw, premium.
Pair of Ducks, fourteen entries, L. M. Eckert, premium.

CATTLE.

Calf, under one and a half years old, ten entries, Edward Morin, premium.

Pair Age Steers, seventeen entries, Joab Scales, premium.

Bull, two and under three years, nineteen entries, Thos. Stevens, premium.

Heifer, two and under three years, twenty one entries, T. A. Wilson, premium.

Bull, under one year, twenty-two entries, James Shaw, premium.

Aged Cow, twenty-seven entries, Wm. Winters, premium.

Heifer, two and under three years, thirty-one entries, Charles Merman, premium.

Aged Bull, thirty three entries, Frank Bagby, premium.

Bull, one and under two years, thirty five entries, J. A. Stevens, premium.

Milch Cow, thirty nine entries, Col. James Taylor, premium.

Aged Cow, T. A. Wilson, premium.
Aged Bull, R. F. Bagby, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

FAT CATTLE.

Bullock, T. A. Wilson, premium.

SHEEP.

Pair of Lambs, ten entries, George Parks, premium.
Three Ewes, eleven entries, Mrs. Winter, premium.
Aged Buck, thirteen entries, J. White, premium.

HOGS.

Brood Sow, two entries, H. K. Rachford, premium.

Pair of Pigs, three entries, H. K. Rachford, premium.

Sow and Litter of Pigs, four entries, H. K. Rachford, premium.

Aged Boar, five entries, James White, premium.

S3 8 REPORT OF THE

JACKS AND JENNETS.

Aged Jack, M. W. Graves, premium.

MULES.

Mule, under one year, one entry, R. S. Morin, premium.

Horse Mule, one year and under two, five entries, Cole. Shaw, premium.

Aged Mare Mule, nine entries, Z. F. Barker, premium.

Mare, one year and under two, eleven entries, A. K. Gaines, premium.

Horse, under one year, twelve entries, A. J Wright, premium.

Match Mules, thirteen entries, Philips & Jordon, premium.

BLOOD HORSES.

Mare, two years and under three, four entries, Robt. Shaw, premium.

Aged Mare, six entries, Joab Scales, premium.

Horse Colt, under one year, seven entries, Joab Scales, premium.

Mare, one year and under two, nine entries, Wm. Timberlake, premium.

Stallion, one year and under two, ten entries, French & Carpenter, premium.

Aged Stallion, twelve entries, J. W. Scales, premium.

Mare Colt, under one year, thirteen entries, S. A. Wilson, premium.

SADDLE HORSES.

Stallion, two years and under three, seven entries, Jno. Metcalfe, premium.

Mare, two years and under three, eight entries, R. B. Cumings, premium.

Geldings, three years and under four, eighteen entries, J. C. Allen, premium.

Geld'iDg, two years old, twenty one entries, Chas. Mann, premium.

Mare, under one year, twenty-three entries, James Rice, premium.

Aged Mare, thirty entries, Felix Burns, premium.

Aged Gelding, thirty one entries, Lewis Sanders, premium.

Mare, three years and uuder four, thirty five entries, W. P. Collins, premium.

Aged Stallion, forty two entries, Jno. L. Graves, premium.

Mare, one year and under two, forty six entries, Jno. J. Thomas, premium.

Horse Colt, under one year, fifty entries, A. K. Gaines, premium.

HARNESS HORSES.

Stallion, three years and under four, three entries, H. Kidwell, premium.

Colt, one year and under two, five entries, A. G. Clarkson, premium.

Aged Mare, twelve entries, Geo. A. Scott, premium.

Stallion, one year, fourteen entries, J. W. Daniel premium.

Aged Stallion, seventeen entries, J. Gatson, premium.

Stallion, two years and under tnree, eighteen entries, Clayburne Leach, premium.

Pair Aged Mares, twenty six entries, J. S. Biggs, premium.

Pair Aged Horses, thirty entries, Joab Scales, premium.

Mare, two years and under three, forty entries, B. S. Anderson, premium.

Colt, under one year, forty five entries, Wm. Duncan, premium.

Mare, three years and under four, fifty-three entries, James Shaw, premium.

Mare Colt, under one year, fifty-four entries, J. L. Graves, premium.

Horse Colt, one year and under two, sixty-two entries, Dr. Dulaney, premium.

Aged Gelding, sixty seven entries, C. B. Sandford, premium.

DRAFT HORSES.

■ Gelding, three years and under four, two entries, Thos. McDaniel, premium.
Mare, under one year, five entries, J. L. Graves, premium.
Aged Stallion, eight entries, Hoggin & Bradford, premium.
Mare, three years and under four, eleven entries, James Spilman, premium.
Aged Gelding, twelve entries, J. L. Henderson, premium.
Stallion three years old, thirteen entries, B. F. Johnson, premium.
Horse Coit, two years and under three, seventeen entries, Jno. Maddox, premium.
Horse Colt, under one year, twenty one entries, Jas. Acklin, premium.
Mare, two years and under three, twenty two entries, J. S. Eubank, premium.

SWEEPSTAKE.

Aged Stallion, all uses, seven entries, J. L. Graves, premium.
Aged Trotting Mare, fourteen entires, Jno. S. Briggs, premium.
Aged Pacing Mare, seventeen entries, 0. P. Hogan, premium.
Aged Mare, twenty one entries, E. G. Beck, premium.

HORSEMANSHIP.

Over fourteen years, Miss Sarah M. Morin, premium.
Under fourteen years, Miss Martha A. B. Shaw, premium.
Gentlemen over fourteen years, J. R. Warnock, premium.
Gentlemen uuder fourteen years, Jno. Metts, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

CARRIAGES, WAGONS, AC.

Spring Wagon, S. P. Cregan, premium.
Hay Riging, S. P. Cregan, premium.
Open Buggy, Sara. K. Hays, premium.
Rockaway, Sam. K. Hays, premium.
Top Buggy, Filkamk & Morlan, premium.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Cultivator, Henson Wagman, premium.

AGRICULTURAL PRODCCTS.

Oats, two entries, James Shaw, premium.
Wheat, nine entries, Jacob White, premium.
Rye, nine entries, Wm. Pfiester, premium.

CENTRAL KENTUCKY STOCK, AGRICULTURAL, AND MECHANICAL ASSOCI-
ATION.

The Central Kentucky Stock, Agricultural, and Mechanical Association was organized
in 1852, and in 1853 chartered by the Legislature; has some three hundred stockholders, who
reside in the central counties of the State, viz: Mercer, Washington, Marion, Casey, Lincoln,
Garrard, and Boyle. Danville being the central point, the location of the Exhibition Grounds
was selected near this place. The company own some twenty five acres of ground, shaded
with handsome forest trees; a very fine large amphitheater, capable of seating some eight or
ten thousand persons; a beautiful two story cottage, built after modern style; stables and
booths; water sufficient on the grounds. The company's finances are in a good condition, be-
ing out of debt, and has been gradually increasing the list of premiums every year. The
amount of premiums given last year was about $1200. Stock and articles for exhibition are
sent to this Fair from all parts of the State. Fine and full rings of sheep, hogs, cattle, jack
Btock, mules, horses, &c, implements of every kind, and domestic articles, in great variety,
are exhibited in every clas3. The Annual Fair3 are attended by large numbers from a distance,
as well as from those counties which compose the organization. This is destined to be the
place for the exhibition and sale of fine stock and manufactured articles of every description,
as it is now on a solid foundation — out of debt — owning some $20,000 worth of property, with
an income from its gates, booths, &c, sufficient to meet its annual expenses.

Officers for 1857. — J. S. Hopkins, of Danville, President; J. B. Akin, of Danville, Secre-
tary; C. Rodes, of Danville, Treasurer; John Wheelan, of Boyle county, J. W. Grigsby, of
Lincoln county, J. P- Maxwell, of Marion county, W. J. Moberly, of Mercer county, R. M.
Robison, of Garrard county, J.R. Hughes, of Washington county, Vice Presidents; J. P.Fish-
er, of Boyle county, W. L. Tarkington, of Boyle county, J. P. Reed, of Boyle county, D. W.
Jones, of Boyle county, Thos. Lillard, of Boyle county, Richard Givens, of Lincoln county,
W. A. Cook, of Mercer county, J. S. Hoskins, of Garrard county, R. M. Davis, of Mercer
county, Directors.

The officers are elected annually (io May) by the stockholders.

Rev. Dr. Humphrey delivered a very instructive and eloquent address at the last Exhibition.,
I am unable to obtain a copy for publication.

J. B. AKIN, Secy

P. S. — Boyle is noted for raising a great many fine mules, jack stock, blooded cattle, and
saddle and harness horses; fine crops of wheat, corn, hemp, and grain of every character.

PREMIUM LIST OF CENTRAL KENTUCKY STOCK, AGRICULTURAL, AND
MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

ladies' manufactures and tailoring. — DOMESTIC.
Fine Jeans, not less than 10 yards, .... 1 set Silver Plated Dining Forks.

Negro Jeans, not les3 than 10 yards, .... 1 set Silver Plated Dining Forks.

White Flannel, not less than 10 yards, - - - 1 set Silver Plated Dining Forks.

340

REPORT OF THE

Plaid Linaey, not less than 10 yards, - - - - 1 set Silver Plated Dining Forks.

Plain Linsey, not less than 10 yards, - - - - 1 set Silver Plated Dining Forks.

1 pair Woolen Blankets, strictly home made, - - 1 set Silver Plated Tea Forks.

Rag Carpet, not less than 20 yards, 1 set Silver Plated Tea Forks.

Best pair Woolen Hose, - - - - - - - - Pair Butter Knives.

Second best pair Woolen Hose, Butter Knife.

Best pair Woolen Half Hose, - - Pair Butter Knives.

Second best pair Woolen Half Hose, - - - - - - Butter Knife.

Gent's Coat made and pressed by a lady, Set Dining Forks.

Judges. — Mrs. Ben. Spaulding, Marion; Mrs. Abram Smith, Mercer; Mrs. A. I. Caldwell,
Boyle; Mrs. Fred. Adams, Garrard; Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln.

PATCHWORK AND NEEDLEWORK.

Best Silk Quilt, - - Silver Goblet.

Best Worsted Quilt, $10 Cup.

Best Cotton Quilt, $10 Cup.

Specimen of Needlework, Set Dining Forks.

Shirt made by Lady, Butter Knives.

Shirt made by Girl under 13 years, * - - Butter Knives.

Specimen of embroiderj, -.'---- Gold Thimble.

Pair of Mitts or Gloves, Butter Knife.

Judges. — Miss Caroline Styles, Nelson; Miss Mary E. Hopkins, Boyle; Miss Sallie Tom-
Unson, Mercer; Miss E. C. Hoskins, Garrard; Miss Mary Chrisman, Jessamine.

BOOTS AND SHOES.

Pair of Boots, Set Dining Forks

Pair of Shoes, - Butter Knives.

Pair of Brogans or Negro Shoes, - - - Butter Knife.

Pair of Gaiter Boots by Lady, - Set Tea Forks.

Judges. — John Phillips, Mercer; J. P. Thorel, Danville; P. F. Webb, Lincoln; James
Nott, Washington; John Sneed, Danville.

HATS.

Fur Hat, Set Tea Forks.

Silk Hat, - Butter Knives.

Wool Hat, - Butter Knife.

Judges. — James Edelen, Mercer; G. W. Doneghy, Danville; Silas Figg, Garrard; Hiram
Shaw, Lexington.

CABINET WORK.

Extension Table, Set Dining Forks

Bedstead, ... - . Set Dining Forks*

Divan or Sofa, and ^ dozen Chairs, Set Dining Forks-
Bureau, Set Dining Forks.

Judges.— Win. Noel, Boyle; James Merath, Springfield; J. H Wiehl, Danville.

CARRIAGES AND BUGGIES.

[Exhibited by Maker or Dealer]
Carriage, ------------- $10 Silver Cup.

Rockaway, - - ..-..._. Set Dining Forks.

Buggy, ------------ Set Dining Forks.

Judges. — John A. Burton, Perryville; D. A. Thompson, Harrodsburg; John Logan, Lancas-
ter.

HARNESS AND SADDLERY.

Set Double Harness, - - |8 Silver Cup.

Single Harness, - - - - Set Dining Forks.

Gent's Saddle and Bridle, - Set Dining Forks.

Set 2 Horse Wagon Harness, - - Set Dining Forks.

Judges. — James Potts, Perryville; W. W. Batterton, Boyle; Anderson Calla, Lebanon;
Hamlet Brown, Lancaster; Turner Bottoms, Harrodsburg.

LEATHER.

Side Sole Leather, Butter Knive9.

Side Upper Leather, Butter Knives.

Side Harness Leather, - - - - Butter Knives.

Half dozen Calf Skins, Butter Knives.

Judges. — Fred. Curry, Harrodsburg; Wm. Beard, Garrardj Harvey Spears? Marion.

DAIRY.

Five pounds Butter, - - - Butter Knife.

Five Pounds Cheese, Butter Knife.

Loaf Light Wheat Bread, - Butter Knife.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 341

Loaf Light Corn Bread, - Butter Knife.

Ham, Cooked, Butter Knife.

Saddle Mutton, Cooked, Butter Knife.

Barrel Flour, Butter Knives.

Judges — Mrs. James G. Cecil, Boyle-; Mrs. Clayton Anderson, Garrard; Mrs. C. H. Ro-
chester, Boyle; Mrs. Dudley Bowman, Mercer.

VEGETABLES.

Sweet or Yam Potatoes, half bushel, Butter Knife,,

Irish Potatoes, Butter Knife.

Cabbage, half dozen heads, Butter Knife.

Best and greatest variety of Vegetables raised by exhibitor, - - - Butter Knives
Judges — Alex. Sneed, Sr., Danville; James Crow, Lincoln; Benjamin Crow, Boyle.

FRUITS AND WINES.

Apples, best display good varieties, not less than one bushel, - - - Butter Knives.

Pears, best display good varieties, not less than one bushel, - - - Butter Knives.

Peaches, best display good varieties, not less than one bushel, - - Butter Knives.

Grapes, best display good varieties, not less than one bushel, - - - Butter Knives.

Quinces, best display good varieties, not less than one bushel, - - Butter Knives.

Plums, best display good varieties, not less than one bushel, - - - Butter Knives.

Half dozen bottles Kentucky Wine, - Butter Knives.

Watermelons, Butter Knife.

Judges — Maj. William Daviess, Harrodsburg; John L. Ballinger, Lincoln; George W.
Dunlap, Lancaster; William Hawkins, Marion; Charles Spillman, Garrard.

GRAINS AND SEEDS.

Wheat, not less than one bushel, - Butter Knife.

Indian Corn, not less than one bushel, Butter Knife,,

Oats, not less than one bushel, - - Butter Knife.

Specimen of Hemp from Brake, not less than fifty pounds, - - - Set Dining Forks.

Clover Seed, one bushel, ---------- Set Tea Forks.

Timothy Seed, Butter Knife-
Orchard Grass, Butter Knife.

Judges — A. H. Bowman, Mercer; J. F. Warren, Boyle; Jackson Givens, Lincoln; Wni.
Stewart, Boyle; J. J. Craig, Boyle.

poultry .

Pair Brahma Pootra Chickens - - Butter Knives.

Pair Dorking Chickens, ..----...- Butter Knives.

Pair Shanghai Chickens, Butter Knives.

Pair Chochin China Chickens, - Butter Knives.

Pair Sumatra Game, Butter Knives.

Variety Coop, .... - ...... Butter Knives.

Judges — Jefferson Dunn, Garrard; Simeon Fisher, Boyle; Fred. Harris, Lincoln.

FLOWERS.

Handsomest Boquet, .......... Butter Knives.

Handsomest Floral Design. - - - Butter Knives.

Handsomest and largest display of Flowers, .... . Butter Knives.

Judges — Miss Mary Buster, Wayne; Miss Martha Clay, Bourbon; Miss Eugenia Dunlap,
Lancaster; Miss Nannie Smith, Mercer; Miss Mary Humphreys, Woodford.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Two Horse Plow for sod, $10 Silver Cuf>.

Two Horse Plow for Stubble, $10 Silver Cup.

Large Harrow, plan and material, ......... Tea Forks.

Two Horse Wagon, $10 Silver Cup.

One Horse Cart, - - Set Dining Forks.

Cutting Box, plan and material, Set Tea Forks.

Wheat Fan, - Set Dining Forks.

Hay Rake, • - . - - - Set Tea Forks.

Hemp Brake, Butter Knives.

Mowing Cradle, Butter Knives.

Grass Scythe and Fixtures, - Butter Knife.

Ox Yoke, - Butter Knife.

Scraper, Butter Knives.

Pump, plan and material, Butter Knives.

Corn Crusher, Set Dining Forks.

Reaping Machine, horse power, Set Dining Forks.

Mowing Machine, horse power, - -Set Dining Forks.

342 REPORT OF THE

Judges — A. D. Irvine, Boyle; Tho. Barbee, Boyle; Robert McChord, Washington; L. D.
Goode, Lincoln; A. G. McMurdy, Mercer.

SECOND DAY.

HOGS.

Best aged Boar, $10 Silver Cup.

Best aged Sow, - - - $10 Silver Cup.

Best Pig Boar, under five months old, Set Dining Forks.

Best Pig Sow, under five months old, Set Dining Forks.

Best Fatted Hog, Set Dining Forks.

Judges — Ben. Spaulding, Marion; Willis Shumate, Madison; Robert D. Logan, Boyle; Hille-
ry Gibbs, Garrard; James H. Irvine, Boyle.

SHEEP.

Best Long Wooled Buck, Set Dining Forks.

Best Long Wooled Ewe, Set Dining Forks.

Best pair Long Wooled Lambs, Set Dining Forks.

Best Middle Wooled Buck, - - Set Dining Forks.

Best Middle Wooled Ewe, Set Dining Forks.

Best pair Middle Wooled Lambs, Set Dining Forks,

Best Fine Wooled Buck, Set Dining Forks.

Best Fine Wooled Ewe, Set Dining Forks.

Best pair Fine Wooled Lambs, - - Set Dining Forks.

Best five fatted Sheep, - s e t Dining Forks.

Judges — Charles Bowman, Garrard; Robert Gentry, Lincoln; John G. Handy, Mercer; P B.
Mason, Boyle; Wm. Crockett, Scott.

BLOODED CATTLE.

Aged Bull, three years old and upwards, - - - - - - $10 Silver Cup.

Bull, two years and under three, - $10 Silver Cup.

Bull, one year old and under two, $10 Silver Cup.

Bull Calf, under one year old, -------- $10 Silver Cup.

Aged Cow, three years old and upwards, S10 Silver Cup.

Cow, two years old and under three, - - $10 Silver Cup.

Cow, one year old and under two, - $10 Silver Cup.

Cow Calf, under one year old, - - $10 Silver Cup.

Judges — Thomas Grundy, Washington; Dudley Bowman, Mercer; Albert Allen, Fayette;
Ben. Vanmeter, Clarke; John Cunningham, Bourbon.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Bull of any age, - $10 Silver Cup.

Best Cow of any age, $10 Silver Cup.

Judges — Robert J. Breckinridge, Danville; R. W. Scott, Franklin; Wm. Warfield, Fayette;
James McAfee, Mercer; Wm. R. Duncan, Clarke; Charles Innis, Fayette.

FATTED CATTLE AND OXEN.

Fatted Bullock, three years old and upwards, $10 Silver Cup.

Fatted Cow, Free Martin or Spayed Heifer, $10 Silver Cup.

Fatted Bullock, two years old and under three, Set Dining Spoons.

Fatted Bullock, one year old and under two, Set Dining Spoons.

Yoke of Oxen of any age, $10 Silver Cup.

Judges — Robert Tilford, Boyle; John Walker, Garrard; Joseph Gentry, Lincoln; George F.
Lee, Boyle; Milton Rogers, Washington.

THIRD DAY.

HORSES.

Blooded Stallion, three years old and upwards, $10 Silver Cup.

Blooded Stallion, two years old and under three, $10 Silver Cup.

Blooded Stallion, one year and under two, $10 Silver Cup.

Blooded Stallion, under one year old, $10 Silver Cup.

MARES.

Blooded Mare, three years old and upwards, $10 Silver Cup.

Blooded Mare, two years old and under three, ----- $10 Silver Cup.

Blooded Mare, one year old and under two, $10 Silver Cup.

Blooded Mare, under one year old, $10 Silver Cup.

Judges— Addison Walden, Mercer; James K. Duke, Scott; Capt. A. Buford, Woodford; Jas.
Brady, Fayette; Samuel Grundy, Washington.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 343

HORSE9 FOR HARNESS.

Stallion, three years old and upwards, $ 10 Silver Cup,

Stallion, two years old and under three, 10 Silver Cup.

Stallion, one year old and under two, 10 Silver Cup.

Stallion, under one year old, 10 Silver Cup.

MARES FOR HARNESS.

Mare, three years old and upwards, 10 Silver Cup,

Mare, two years old and under three, 10 Silves Cup.

Mare, one year old and under two, 10 Silver Cup.

Mare, under one year old, --------- 10 Silver Cup.

Judges. — S. P. Kenney, Fayette; Theodore Spalding, Washington; Dennis Nichols, Lin-
coln; Jeff. Henry, Green; Scott Brown, Franklin.

DRAFT HORSES.

Draft Stallion, $ 10 Silver Cup.

Draft Mare, --..-* 10 Silver Cup.

Judges. — Jos. E. Lee, Boyle; Dudley M. Bowman, Mercer; Evan Shelby, Lincoln; George
Drye, Casey; Jordan Peter, Boyle.

STALLIONS FOR THE SADDLE.

Stallion, three years old and upwards, $ 10 Silver Cup.

Stallion, two years old and under three, 10 Silver Cup.

Stallion, one year old and under two, ------- 10 Silver Cup.

Stallion, under one year old, - 10 Silver Cup.

MARES FOR THE SADDLE.

Mare, three years old and upwards, - - 10 Silver Cup.

Mare, two years old and under three, 10 Silver Cup.

Mare, one year old and under two, 10 Silver Cup.

Mare, under one year old, 10 Silver Cup.

Judges. — Wm. G. Moore, Fayette; James Richardson, Garrard; Wm. Green, Perry ville;
F. P. Kinkead, Woodford; Ihos. Brown, Washingion.

SWEEPSTAKE FOR ALL AGES.

Horses, of any age, - - - $ 10 Silver Cup.

Mares, of any age, -'-'-• 10 Silver Cup.

Judges. — Joshua F, Bell, Boyle; John Kenney, Boyle; Allen Beasley, Garrard; John Alex-
ander, Mercer; Cyrus Kenney, Fayette.

FOURTH DAY.

JACKS AND JENNETS.

Jack, three years old and upwards, $ 10 Silver Cup.

Jack, two years old and under three, ....... 10 Silver Cup.

Jack, one year old and under two, - 10 Silver Cup.

Jack, under one year old, - 10 Silver Cup.

Jennet, three years old and upwards, 10 Silver Cup.

Jennet, two years old and under three, - - 10 Silver Cup.

Jennet, one year old and under two, 10 Silver Cup.

Jennet, under one year old, ..'..-.-.. 10 Silver Cup.
Judges. — Daniel Everheart, Marion; Silas Evans, Fayette; Henry Chrisman, Jessamine;

Waller Chenault, Madison; Sherrod Burton, Perry ville; Stephen C. Brown, Washington; Jo-
seph Spaulding, Marion.

SWEEPSTAKE FOR ALL AGES.

Jack, of any age, - - - - - - $ 10 Silver Cup

Jennet, of any age, - ....... 10 Silver Cup.

Judges. — George Riffe, Casey; Felix G. Murphy, Nelson; Elijah Robinson, Lincoln; T. K.
Salter, Garrard; David Heath, Boyle.

MULES.

Pair Harness Mules, - $ 10 Silver Cup.

Mule, two years old and upwards, - - 10 Silver Cup.

Mule, one year old and under two, - - 10 Silver Cup.

Mare Mule, under one year old, ........ \Q Silver Cup.

Horse Mule, under one year old, 10 Silver Cup.

Judges. — James Bently, Lincoln; David Phillips, Marion; James Thompson, Mercer; Sam-
uel Robertson, Green; Hall Anderson, Garrard; Joshua B. Hopkins, Washington; J. Woodson
Burton, Boyle.

SADDLE AND HARNESS HORSES.

Pair Carriage Horses, $ 10 Silver Cup.

Pair Carriage Mares, ' 10 Silver Cup

344 REPORT OF THE

Buggy Horse, $10 Silver Cup.

Buggy Mare, 10 Silver Cup.

Saddle Horse, 10 Silver Cup.

Saddle Mare, 10 Silver Cup.

Judges on Saddle Horses — James G.Cecil, Boyle; Robt.Prewitt, Faj'ette; Dr. G. W.Givens,
Lincoln; James H. Beasley, Garrard; Dr. John A.Tomlinson, Mercer.

Judges on Harness Horses — James Caldwell, Boyle; Ed. Davidson, Washington; Acton
Whitocotton, Lebanon; Merritt Cunningham, Mercer; Henry VV. Farris, Crab Orchard.

DISCRETIONARY JUDGES.

articj.es of merit to ladies.
Judges — Mrs. Foster Ray, Marion; Mrs. John P. Reed, Boyle; Mrs. M. R. Daviess, Mercer;
Mrs. It. M. Robertson, Garrard; Mrs. R. W. Givens, Lincoln.

ARTICLES OF MERIT TO GENTLEMEN.

Judges— Henry Bruce, Boyle; C. O. Moore, Boyle; Walter Nichols, Lincoln; George Bow
man, Sen , Garrard; Hugh McElroy, Washington.

RULES AND REGULATIONS.

1. Any person may become a member for five years, by payment of $20 in advance, and a
member for one year by the payment of $5 to the Secretary.

2. All entries for exhibition should be made with the Secretary, before 10 o'clock, A. M.,
on the day of exhibition.

3. All stock or articles brought within the grounds, will be subject to the Marshal's orders.

4. No animal or article exhibited, shall be removed from the grounds until the close of that
day's exhibition, unless by a special permit from the Marshal.

5. No animal will be admitted into the exhibition ring unless well broke to the halter and
under perfect control of the groom, except such Hogs and Sheep as are permitted by the
Marshal.

6. No animal or article shall be exhibited by any other than the real owner or manufacturer,
hs the case may be.

7. No animal or article shall receive a premium, unless thought worthy by the judges.

8. No partnership property shall be exhibited, without all the owners are stockholders or
members, and no individual property on partnership stock.

9. No stock or article shall be exhibited by the owner in person, except harness or saddle
.horses.

10. All exhibits will be made in the same order that they appear in the printed bills.

11. No person will be permitted to enter the ring during the exhibition, except the President,
Marshals, and acting Judges, except when called by order of the President. The Vice Presi-
dents, Directors, Secretary, and Judges, not on duty, will occupy the offices, and all others are
positively prohibited from entering either offices or ring.

12. No person shall make known to the Judges his or her ownership or pedigree of stock,
without thereby forfeiting the premium, if any be awarded.

13. No animal will be permitted to contend for more than one premium during the same ex-
hibition, except in sweepstakes.

14. No animal will be permitted to stand hitched to a vehicle on the grounds.

15. All spirituous liquors are expressly forbidden to be sold on the grounds, or within a half
a mile thereof, under the penalty of the law, as provided for in the charter.

16. No huckster will be permitted to vend refreshments within the grounds, without first
procuring license from the Secretary.

17. All Officers of this Association will wear white badges, Marshals red, and Judges blue-

18. No aged animal or article, having at any previous Fair of the Association taken a pre-
mium, shall compete for a second, unless in cases of sweepstakes.

19. All vacancies in the Judges shall, by the Secretary, be reported to the Directors, who
will supply the vacancies by appointing others.

20. Judges on animals are expected to be governed by the form, size, action, symmetry, and
the adaptation to the particular sphere in which the animal may be used.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 345

21. Judges on Mechanical and Domestic Manufactures will award according to the skill ex-
hibited in the execution, and the adaptation to useful purposes.

22. All premiums awarded will be delivered (in ware) by the Secretary, at the close of the
last day's exhibition.

23. Stockholders and members shall supply themselves with Gate Tickets, (which can be
done by application to the Secretary,) and upon failure so to do, pay at the gate; and money so
paid shall not be refunded.

24. No person will be admitted to the Fair Grounds without first procuring tickets, which
will be furnished at the hotels in Danville, and the offices convenient to the entrance gates.

25. Exhibitors of blooded stock shall furnish pedigree and age of animal to the Secretary
before exhibition.

26. Every person exhibiting an animal or animals, shall select the class in which to ex-
hibit, and the same animal or animals shall not be exhibited in any other class, either in pairs
or singly.

■

PRICES OF ADMISSION.

For each Footman, twenty five cents.

For each Horse and Rider, twenty five cents.

For each one seat Buggy, fifty cents.

For each two seat Buggy, seventy five cents.

For each two horse Buggy, eighty cents.

For each one horse Rockaway, eighty cents.

For each two horse Rockaway, or Family Carriage, one dollar.

For each two horse Hack, each trip, exclusive of passengers, thirty cents.

For each four horse Hack, or Omnibus, each trip, exclusive of passengers, fifty cents.

Persons will please prepare themselves with change.

Members of the Association, together with their families, admitted free of charge. They
will, by calling on the Secretary, any time after the loth of July, be furnished with tickets'
which will admit them at the gate.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE CENTRAL KENTUCKY STOCK, AGRICULTU-
RAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

Fine Jeans, two entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. Logan Caldwell,
Boyle, certificate.

Negro Jeans, three entries, Mrs. A. T. Irvine, Boyle, premium; Mrs. D. R. Caldwell,
Lincoln, certificate.

White Flannel, Mrs. A. I. Caldwell, Boyle, premium and certificate.

Plaid Linsey, Mrs. J. S. Hopkins, Boyle, premium and certificate.

Plain Linsey, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln, premium and certificate.

Pair Woolen Blankets, Mrs. Richard Givens, Lincoln, premium; Mr3. A. I. Caldwell,
Boyle, certificate.

Rag Carpet, Mrs. W. L. Tarkington, Boyle, premium and certificate.

Woolen Half Hose, Mrs. Willis Grimes, Boyle, first premium; Mrs. A. I. Caldwell, Boyle,
second premium.

Gent's Coat made by a lady, Mrs. M. A. Yantis, Garrard, premium; Martha E. Yantis,
Garrard, certificate.

Silk Quilt, Mrs. J. H. Edelin, Harrodsburg, premium; Mrs. William Doane, certificate.

Worsted Quilt, thirteen entries, Miss Thusa Yantis, Garrard, premium; Mrs. Susan Stew-
art, Lincoln, certificate.

Cotton Quilt, eleven entries, Miss Bettie Buskett, Jessamine, premium; Miss Sallie K-
Houghton, Fayette, certificate.

Specimen of Needle-Work, ten entries, Miss Callie Coolidge, Nelson, premium; Miss
Amelia Huston, Lincoln, certificate.

Shirt, Miss Sarah Yantis, Garrard, premium; Miss Thusa Yantis,' Garrard, certificate.

Specimen of Embroidery, fourteen entries, Miss Callie Coolidge, Nelson, premium; Miss
Sallie Tomlinson, Mercer, certificate.

Pair of Mitts or Gloves, Mrs. Mary L. Peyton, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. A. I. Caldwell,
Boyle, certificate.

346 REPORT OF THE

Gaiter Boots made by a lady, Mrs. N. Sandifer, Lancaster, premium; Miss E. M.Irvine,
certificate.

Fur Hat, J. H. Edelin, Harrodsburg, premium and certificate.

Carriage, S. E. Farrand, Danville, premium and certificate.

Rockaway, S. E. Farrand, Danville, premium; Rule & Brother, Maysville, certificate.

Buggy, S. E. Farrand, Danville, premium and certificate.

Set Double Harness, S. P. Barbee, Danville, premium and certificate.

Set Single Harness, S. P. Barbee, Danville, premium; S. E. Farrand, Danville, certifi-
cate.

Side Sole Leather, S. S. Moore, Danville, premium and certificate.

Side Upper Leather, S. S. Moore, Danville, premium and certificate.

Side Harness Leather, S. S. Moore, Danville, preminm and certificate.

Half dozen Calf Skins, S. S. Moore, Danville, premium and certificate.

Butter, four entries, Mrs. E. J. Gregg, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. Kate McRoberts, Boyle,
certificate.

Cheese, four entries, Mrs. G. F. Lee, Boyle, premium; Mrs. W. L. Caldwell, Boyle, cer-
tificate.

Light Wheat Bread, seven entries, Mrs. James Kinnaird, Danville, premium; Mrs. J. R.
Ford, Danville, certificate.

Light Corn Bread, three entries, Mrs. W. L. Caldwell, Boyle, premium; Mrs. James Gar-
rard, Danville, certificate.

Cooked Hams, six entries, Mrs. J. S. Hopkins, Boyle, premium; Mrs. John Talbot, Boyle,
certificate.

Saddle of Mutton, cooked, Mrs. A. T. Irvine, Boyle, premium and certificate.

Irish Potatoes, eight entries, Mrs. J. M. McFerran, Boyle, premium; Mrs. James Bentley,
Lincoln, certificate.

Cabbage, four entries, Mrs. C. H. Rochester, Boyle, premium; Mrs. Morgan Vance, Mer-
cer, certificate.

Best variety Vegetables, four entries, Mrs. C. H. Rochester, Boyle, premium; Mrs. Morgan
Vance, Mercer, certificate.

Variety of Apples, Barney Davis, Boyle, premium and certificate.

Wheat, Wm. Stewart, Boyle, premium; C. O. Moore, Boyle, certificate.

Oats, Wm. Stewart, Boyle, premium and certificate.

Specimen of Hemp from brake, Col. J. W. Grigsby, premium; ■ McCann, certificate.

Clover Seed, Jos. McNeill, Merce?, premium and certificate.

Pair Brahma Pootra Fowls, Jos. McNeill, Mercer, premium and certificate.

Pair Cochin China Fowls, Jos. McNeil, Mercer, premium and certificate

Pair Sumatra Game, nine entries, S. H. Gregg, Lincoln, premium; Edwin R. Lyle, Boyle,
certificate.

Variety Coop Fowls, two entries, S. H.Gregg, Lincoln, premium; Jos. McNeill, Mercer,
certificate.

Boquet, Miss Nannie Daniel, Mercer, premium.

Display of Flowers, Miss Sarah Daniel, Mercer, premium.

Floral Design, Miss Mary Hopkins, Boyle, premium.

Two horse Sod Plow, R. J. Marrs, Danville, premium and certificate.

Two horse Stubble Plow, R. J. Marrs, Danville, premium and certificate.

Large Harrow, R. J. Marrs, Danville, premium and certificate.

Mowing Crad'e, James Dorman, premium and certificate.

SECOND DAY. .

Aged Boar, three entries, John Bright, Boyle, premium; M. N. & P. Dupeauw, Lincoln,
certificate.

Aged Sow, three entries, A. M. Feland, Lincoln, premium; J. M. McFerran, Boyle, certifi-
cate.

Boar Pig, four entries, A. II. Sneed, Boyle, premium; C. H. Rochester, Boyle, certificate.

Sow Pig, five entries, A. H. Sneed, Boyle, premium; Dr. James H. Moore, Mercer, certifi-
cate.

Fatted Hog, two entries, A. G. Herndon, Garrard, premium; Dr. James H. Moore, Mercer,
certificate.

Long Wool Buck, four entries, J. & B Dunn, Garrard, premium; W. A. Cook, Mercer,
certificate.

Long Wool Ewe, five entries, W. A. Cook, Mercer, premium; J. & B. Dunn, Garrard, cer-
tificate.

Pair of Long Wool Lambs, two entries, J. & B. Dunn, Garrard, premium; W.A.Cook,
Mercer, certificate.

Middle Wool Buck, two entries, I. P. Fisher, Boyle, premium; Col. C. H. Rochester, Boyle,
certificate.

Middle Wool Ewe, three entries, I. P. Fisher, Boyle, premium; , certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 6il

Pair of Middle Wool Lambs, I. P. Fisher, Boyle, premium.

Fine Wool Buck, two entries, Col. J. W. Grigsby, Lincoln, premium; D. R. Caldwell, Lin-
coln, certificate.

Fine Wool Ewe, four entries, D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln, premium; W. L. Caldwell, Boyle,
certificate.

Pair Fine Wool Lambs, two entries, W. L. Caldwell, Boyle, premium; D. R. Caldwell, Lin-
coln, certificate.

Five Fatted Sheep, S. H. Gregg, Lincoln, premium; Dr. P. B. Mason, Boyle, certificate.

Bull, three years old and upwards, four entries, Dr. P. B. Mason, Boyle, premium; Jamea
Bentley, Lincoln, certificate.

Bull, two years old and under three, three entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; W. A. Cook,
Mercer, certificate.

Bull, one year and under two, two entries, I. P. Fisher, Boyle, premium; James Bentley,
Lincoln, certificate.

Bull Calf, eight entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; W. A. Cook, Mercer, certificate.

Cow, three years old and upwards, five entries, M. V. Smith, Lincoln, premium; I. P. Fish-
er, Boyle, certificate.

Cow, two years old and under three, five entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; N. J. Shrop
shire, Garrard, certificate.

Cow, one year and under two, two entries, N. J. Shropshire, Garrard, premium; I. P. Fisher,
Bovle., certificate.

Cow Calf, eleven entries, James Bentley, Lincoln; premium; W. M. Garnett, Lincoln,
certificate.

Sweepstake — Bull of any age, eleven entries, I. P. Fisher, Boyle, premium; N. T. Lee,
Boyle, certificate.

Sweepstake — Cow of any age, nineteen entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; Jas. Bentley,
Lincoln, certificate.

Fatted Bullock, ten entries, Isaac Shelby, Lincoln, premium and certificate.

Fatted Cow, two entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; Isaac Shelby, Lincoln, certificate.

Fatted Bullock, two years old and under three, two entries, Isaas Shelby, Lincoln, premium ;
Col. J. W. Grigsby, Lincoln, premium.

Fatted Bullock, one year and under two, Isaac Shelby, Lincoln, premium and certificate.

Yoke of Oxen, Felix S. Fisher, Boyle, premium and certificate.

THIRD DAY.

Blooded Stallion, three years and upwards, Col. J. W. Grigsby, Lincoln, premium and cer-
tificate.

Blooded Stallion, two years and under three, Col. R. M. Davis, Mercer, premium and cer-
tificate.

Blooded Stallion, one year and under two, two entries, John Kincaid, Jr., Boyle, premium;
W. W. Jones, Mercer, certificate.

Blooded Stallion, under one year, two entries, Col. R. M. Davis, Mercer, premium; J. L.
Harlan, Boyle, certificate.

Blooded Mare, three years and upwards, two entries, J. Weisiger, Boyle, premium; Jas. L.
Harlan, Boyle, certificate.

Blooded Mare, two years and under three, Col. J. W. Grigsby, Lincoln, premium and cer-
tificate.

Blooded Mare, one year and under two, Col. J. W. Grigsby, Lincoln, premium and certifi-
cate.

Blooded Mare, under one year, Harvey Helm, Lincoln, premium and certificate.

Stallion for Harness, three years and upwards, four entries, Thos. K. Salter, Garrard, pre-
mium; Jos. S. Kenney, Boyle, certificate.

Stallion for Harness, two years and under three, three entries, John Meishon, Lincoln, pre-
mium; D. C Gregory, Boyle, certificate.

Stallion for Harness, under one year, nine entries, Harrison Grady, Garrard, premium; N.
T. Lee, Boyle, certificate.

Mare for Harness, three years and upwards, five entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; Mrs.
Susan Hudson, Boyle, certificate.

Mare for Harness, two years and under three, three entries, W. L Tarkington, Boyle, pre-
mium; C. Caldwell, Boyle, certificate.

Mare for Harness, one year and under two, J. E. Lee, Boyle, premium.

Mare for Harness, under one year, five entries, Elijah Burnsides, Garrard, premium; Thos.
Coulter, Boyle, certificate.

Draft Stallion, F. R. Wingate, Boyle, premium.

Draft Mare, five entries, A. H. Sneed, Boyle, premium; Mrs. Susan Hudson, Boyle, certifi-
cate.

Stallion for Saddle, three years and upwards, four entries, M. R. Henry, Woodford, pre-
mium; Edw. Thompson, Washington, certificate.

348 REPORT OF THE

Stallion for Saddle, two years and under three, four entries, James Oldham, Boyle, premi-
um; Dr. J. M. Meyer, Boyle, certificate.

Stallion for Saddle, one year and under two, two entries, Wm. Stewart, Boyle, premium; W.
H. McGinnis, Boyle, certificate.

Stallion, under one year, seven entries, R. D. Logan, Boyle, premium; Saml. Tribble, Lin-
coln certificate.

Mare for Saddle, three years and upwards, eight entries, R. M. Robinson, Garrard, premium;
W. A. Cook, Mercer, certificate.

Mare for Saddle, two years and under three, three entries, Geo. C. Spears, Boyle, premium;
D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln, certificate.

Mare for Saddle, one year and under two, three entries, Isaac Shelby, Lincoln, premium;
W- I. Moberly, Mercer, certificate.

Mare for Saddle, under one year, three entries, M. Sandidge, Lincoln, premium, Wm. But-
ler Feland, Lincoln certificate.

Sweepstake — Horses of any age, thirteen entries, D. Nichols, Lincoln, premium; N. T.
Lee, Boyle, certificate.

Sweepstake — Mares of any age, seven entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; Isaac Shelby,
Lincoln, certificate.

Finest Gelding, six entries, John Cromwell, Fayette, premium; Scott Brown, Franklin, cer-
tificate.

FOURTH DAY.

Jack, three years old and upwards, four entries, D. A. Knox, Boyle, premium; Frederick
Adams, Garrard, certificate.

Jack, two years old and under three, two entries, J. B. F. McGinnis, Beyle, premium; R.
W. Lowry, Washington, certificate.

Jack, one year old and under two, nine entries, T. M. Burford, Mercer, premium; Knox &
Rochester, Boyle, certificate.

Jack, under one year, two entries, William Tarkington, Boyle, premium; N. T. Lee, Boyle
certificate.

Jennet, three years old and upwards, five entries, T. M. Burford, Mercer, premium; Fred
Adams, Garrard, certificate.

Jennet, two years old and under three, four entries, J. B. Field, Jessamine, premium; R. W
Lowry, Washington, certificate.

Jennet, one yeat 3 old and under two, G. M. Proctor, Boyle, premium and certificate.

Jennet, under one year, seven entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; John Baughman, Lin
coin, certificate.

Mule Jack, seven entries, W. F. Overstreet, Garrard, premium; Dr. J. M. Meyer, Boyle
certificate.

Sweepstake — Jack, of any age, eight entries, W. L. Tarkington, Boyle, premium; J. E
Lee, Boyle, cetificate.

Sweepstake — Jennet, of any age, thirteen entries, George M. Proctor, Boyle, premium; W
L. Tarkington, Boyle, certificate.

Pair of Harness Mules, two entries, E. L. Davison, Washington, premium; A. Cohen
Boyle, certificate.

Mule, two years old and upwards, five entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; James Bentley
Lincoln, certificate.

Mule, one year old and under two, four entries, J. E. Lee, Boyle, premium; E. D. Penning
ton, Lincoln, certificate.

Mare Mule, under one year old, seven entries, Jordan Peter, Boyle, premium; W. L. Tar
kington, Boyle, certificate.

Horse Mule, under one year, six entries, Jordan Peter, Boyle, premium; John Tewmey
Boyle, certificate.

Pair Carriage Horses, three entries, J. B. Waller, Fayette, premium; Wm. Green,

certificate.

Pair Carriage Mares, three entries, A. Passmore, Mercer, premium; J. K. Vance,

certificate.

Buggy Horse, six entries, Jas. F. Caldwell, Boyle, premium and certificate.

Buggy Mare, two entries, R. R. Pepper, Woodford, premium; J. & B. Dunn, Garrard, cer
tificate.

Saddle Florse, thirteen entries, A. H. Davenport, Boyle, premium; James N. Denny, Gar
rard, certificate.

Saddle Mare, seven entries, R. R. Pepper, Woodford, premium; N. T. Lee, Boyle, certifi
cate.

Premium offered by W. H. Banford for best Mule by his Jack, J. J. Mock, Boyle, premium
S. McDowell, Boyle, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTCRAL SOCIETY. 349

PREMIUMS OF MERIT,
Awarded to articles exhibited far which premiums were not offered on the regular list.

Counterpane — Miss S. F. Yantis.

Cover for Piano Stool — Mrs. Bell Scruggs.

Cake — Miss Julia Tompkins.

Inlaid Table— Mrs. J. S. Sharrard.

Duster — Mrs. Joseph Weisiger.

Leather Work Picture Frame — Mrs. J. S. Sharrard.

Design for Swiss Cottage, Church and Hotel — J. R. Carrigian.

Kip cikins — S. S. Moore.

Bridle Leather — S. S. Moore.

Barley — Morgan Vance.

Centre Table— J. H. Wiehl.

Wardrobe — J H. Wiehl.

Needlework — Miss Mary Dunlap. *

Needlework — Mrs. Joseph Weisiger.

Needlework — Miss Ann E. Williamson.

Silverware, Watches and Jewelry — J. B. Akin.

Fancy Bead Work — Mrs. Bell Scruggs.

Vinegar, &c. — Mrs. W. Davis.

Needlework — Miss T. Hutchinson.

Coat, made by a Girl — Miss Martha Weisiger.

Yarn— Miss Bell Caldwell.

THE DANVILLE FAIR.

The Danville Fair terminated yesterday, and the people of Boyle have every reason to feel!
proud of the complete and brilliant success that attended it. The Fairgrounds are as beauta-
i'ul and as well arranged as any in the State, and the amphitheatre and ladies cottage are mod-
els of beauty and taste. We were present at the exhibition on Thursday, the day set apart
for the exhibition of harness and saddle horses, and we never saw a finer exhibition, or a more
magnificent arrav of beautiful women and well dressed and substantial looking men. Danville
is situated in the centre of one of the productive and beautiful regions of the State, and it seem-
ed as if the pride and flower of all the counties that compose it, had been gathered together
at the Fair grounds on Thursday. Although there is no police force employed at this Fair,
the order maintained is admirable, and in many respects the Association have improved after
the plans adopted by all others in Kentucky. From all that we witnessed in our brief stay in
Danville, we were induced to believe that the success of this enterprise is no longer prob-
lematical but a fixed and certain fact, and we sincerely hope that this belief is well founded.
In closing this necessarily brief notice of this brilliant Fair, we must not omit to return
our thanks to the attentive proprietor of the Fields Hotel, for his kindness towards us during
our short stay at his well kept house. — Lex. Observer, of Aug. 15, 1857.

CHRISTIAN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

Hofkinsville, Dec. 4, 1857.
R. W. Scott, Esq , Corresponding Secretary K. S. A. Society:

Dear Sir: Yours of 25th November received. Owing to the sickness and absence of
some of our Board, we have not had a meeting since the Fair, which has caused our Secretary
to delay his Report.

I send you, under separate cover, a correct List of Premiums awarded, as made by our Se-
cretary from his Report; also, one of our Premium Lists, second issue corrected.

Gate Receipts, - $1,900 30

Memberships, 250 00

Entrances, 277 00

Total Receipts, $2,427 30

Premiums, 1 ,.500 00

Respectfully,

THO. S. BRYAN, Corresponding Secretary.

OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

Thomas Green, President; John C. Latham, Recording Secretary; Thomas S. Bryan, Cor-
responding Secretary; James S. Phelps, Treasurer; Isaac Lewis, Rice Dulin, Jesse McComb,.
James S. Jackson, Ned. Meriwether, and James U. Campbell, Directors; G. B. Long, Chief
Marsh al .

350 REPORT OF THE

PREMIUM LIST OF THE CHRISTIAN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHAN
ICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Jeans, ten yards, fine home made, - - $ 5 00

Jeans, ten yards, fine home made, second best, certificate.

Negro Jeans, ten yards, ----------- 5 00

Negro Jeans, ten yards, second best, --------- certificate.

Linsey, white, ten yards, ----------- 5 00

Linscy, white, ten yards, second best, -------- certificate.

Linsey, striped or plain, ten yards, - 5 00

Linsey, striped or plain, ten yards, second best, - - - - • - - certificate.

Flannel, white all wool, ten yards, 5 00

Flannel, white all wool, ten yards, second best, certificate.

Carpet, twenty yards, 10 00

Carpet, twenty yards, second best, --------- certificate.

Rag Carpet, twenty yards, - - - 5 00

Rag Carpet, twentv yards, second best, certificate.

Pair Bed Blankets,' - - 10 00

Pair Bed Blankets, second best, certificate.

Vest pattern, home made, 2 50

Vest pattern, home made, second best, certificate.

Pair Woolen Hose, - 2 50

Pair Woolen Hose, second best, certificate.

Pair Half Hose, 1 00

Pair Half Hose, second best, certificate.

Linen Shirt, by lady, best made ----- ----- - 5 00

Linen Shirt, by lady, second best, certificate.

Mitts, by a girl, best pair, 1 00

Specimen fancy needle work, gold thim.

Embroidery, gold thim.

Woolen Coverlet, 5 00

Cotton Counterpane, 5 00

Cotton Quilt, no patch work, 5 00

Cotton Quilt, patch work, 10 00

Worsted Quilt, 10 00

Silk Quilt, 10 00

Hearth Rug, 2 50

Flax Linen, ten yards, best, 5 00

Tow Linen, ten yards, best, 5 00

Pound of Flax Thread, silvev thim.

Clothing for men, ten yards, best sample of winter, 10 00

Judges— Joseph K. Grant, Hopkinsville; Dixon Black, Elkton; Gardner, Cadiz; P Robinson,
Madisonville; L. Overby, Princeton; Thos. Jeffries, Russellville.

DAIRY PRODUCTS.

Butter, five pounds, 2 50

Butter, five pounds, second best, certificate.

Bread, best loaf, 1 00

Bread, second best, - - - ' - certificate.

Ham, best cooked, 2 50

Ham, second best cooked, certificate.

Honey, five pounds, in comb, 2 50

Honey, five pounds, in comb, second best, certificate.

Pickles, best jar, 1 00

Preserves, best jar, 5 00

Cheese, best loaf, 2 00

Judges— Dudley Jeffries, Logan; Thos. Clark, Edward Cook, Capt. Hester, J. W. Breathitt,
and Dr. T. G. Henry, Christian; Wm. Sasseen, Todd.

FRUIT.

Best Apples, one bushel, - 2 50

Second best Apples, one bushel, certificate.

Best Peaches, one bushel, 100

Second best Peaches, one bushel, certificate.

Best peck of Pears, 2 00

Second best peck of Pears, certificate.

Best Grapes, ten pounds, 2 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

351

Second best Grapes, ten pounds, certificate.

Best Wine, one gallon native, 2 00

Second best Wine, one gallon native, -.-..... certificate.

Best display of aH kinds Fruits, 5 00

Second best display of all kinds Fruits, -------- certificate.

Handsomest display of cut Flowers, --------- 5 00

Judges. — Dr. Jas. Wallace, Christian; Isaac H. Caldwell, Dr. Drane, Tennessee; Dr. Leav-
ell, John Downer, Todd.

VEGETABLES.

Best bushel Irish Potatoes, 2 50

Best bushel Sweet Potatoes, 2 00

Best display of Vegetables, 5 00

Judges — F. G.Montgomery, John Stites, Henry Hopper, David Bowles, George Street.

» FAR* PRODUCTS.

Bushel Bread Corn, half shelled, half in ear, 3 00

Bushel Stock Corn, half shelled, half in ear, 3 00

Best bushel Clover Seed, 5 00

Best bushel Timothy seed, 3 00

Best Orchard Grass, 2 50

Best Blue Grass, 2 50

Twenty -five pounds shipping Leaf Tobacco, to be exhibited by raiser, on stalk, $5

entrance, .... 100 00

Twenty five pounds do., manufactory, $3 entrance, 50 00

Best specimen Chinese Sugar, Cane Syrup, - - - - - - - - 3 00

Judges — J.P.Campbell, Sr.; E. J.Roberts, Christian; Lewis Garth, Todd; Dr. Woold-
ridge, Trigg; John Baker, Tennessee.

SECOND DAY.

MANUFACTURES.

Best two horse Carriage, 10 00

Best two horse Buggy, 5 00

Best lour or six horse Wagon, - - - - - - - - - 25 00

Best two horse Wagon, ------ 10 00

Best two horse Plow, 10 00

Best one horse Plow, 5 00

Best Sub soil Plow, 5 00

Best Wheat Fan, 5 00

Best Straw Cutter, - 2 50

Best Hay Rake, 2 50

Best Harrow, 2 50

Best Cultivator, 2 00

Best Wheat Drill, 10 00

Best lot of Tinware, 5 00

Best lot of Copperware, - 5 00

Judges — Charles' Tandy, James Fields, Rezin Elliott, A. Slaughter, Christian; and Ed-
ward Green, of Hopkins.

Best barrel of Flour, 10 00

Best two bushels Wheat, white, 25 00

Best two bushels Wheat, not' white, - - - - - - - - - 25 00

Entrance for Wheat, $3.

Judges — James A. Brewer. Christian; William Martin, Trigg; Thomas Jones, Tennessee;
E. Sebree, Todd; D. A. Given, Paducah; P. Peacher, T. C. Cobb, Tennessee.

Best double set Carriage Harness, 10 00

Best single Buggy Harness, -..--. 5 00

Best double set Wagon Harness, 5 00

Best Ladies Saddle, 5 00

Best Man's Saddle, .... . ' 5 00

Best specimen of Harness Leather, ......... 5 00

Best specimen of Sole and Upper Leatther, 5 00

Judges — William S. Moore, George Poindexter, Sam. Shyrock, Sr., B. C. Ritter, and Mr.
Killebrew.

Best pair Men's Boots, 5 00

Best pair Men's Shoes, 2 00

Best pair Ladies Shoes, ... -- 2 00

Best made Cloth Coat, 10 00

Best made Vest, 5 00

Same Judges.

352

REPORT OF THE

WOOD WORK.

Best dressing Bureau, - - 5 00

Best Wardrobe, - . - 5 00

Best set of Chairs, 5 00

Best Sofa, 5 00

Best Pork Barrel, 2 00

Best Lard Keg, 2 00

Best Water Bucket, - 1 00

Best Water Can, - 1 00

Judges. — A. D. Rogers, R. Vaughan, Robertson Torian, Coleman Boyd, Albert Wallace.

LONG WOOL SHEEP.

Best Buck, 5 00

Best Ewe, 5 00

MIDDLE WOOL SHEEP.

Best Buck, 5 00

Best Ewe, 5 00

FINE WOOL SHEEP.

Best Buck, 5 00

Best Ewe, 5 00

Judges — Ben. Berry, J. R. Green, John Sraoot, Christian; Wm. Bradley, Hopkins; B. K.
Tully, Logan.

HOGS.

Best Boar, any age : 10 00

Best Sow, any age, 10 00

Best Pair Pigs, 10 00

Best Fat Hog, 10 00

Judges— Dr. Dryden, Ellison Baker, Jas. Caskey, Robert McGaughey, J. P. Glass.

CATTLE.

Best Bull four years old and over, - - - - - - - - - 20 00

Best Bull three years old and under four, 12 00

Best Bull two years old and under three, - - 10 00

Best Bull one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Sucking Calf, - - 10 00

Best Cow, 20 00

Best Cow four years old and over, 20 00

Best Cow three years old and under four, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Cow two years old and under three, --------- 10 00

Best Cow one year old and under two, --------- 10 00

Best Heifer Calf, - 10 00

Best Yoke Oxen, 10 00

Best Milch Cow, 10 00

Best fat Bullock. 10 00

Best lot fat Cattle, not less than four, 10 00

Judges — David King, Logan; A.J.Anderson, Henderson; P. B. Stoner, Stephen Lander,
John J. Thomas, J. D. Morris, Christian; Wash. Kendall, Todd.

THIRD DAY.

JACKS AND JENNETS.

Best Jack three years and over, 10 00

Second best Jack three years and over, --.--..- certificate.

Best Jack two years and under three, --------- 10 00

Second best Jack two year3 and under three, - certificate.

Best Jack one year and under two, .-.-..-.. 10 00

Second best Jack one year and under two, certificate.

Best sucking Colt, 10 00

Best Jennet over three years old, - 10 00

Second best Jennet over three years old, -------- certificate.

Best Jennet two years and under three, 10 00

Second best Jennet two years and under three, - - -, . - - - - certificate.

Best Jennet one year and under two, - - - • - - - - - 10 00

Second best Jennet one year and under two, ....... certificate.

Best sucking Colt, 10 00

Judges — Edmond Bacon, Trigg; Mohn Tully, Logan; Jesse Russell, Todd; George Fox,
Richard Jackson, Geo. Smoot, Col. Wm. Henry, Christian.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 353

MULES.

Best Mule over four years, ----- 10 Of)

Best Mule over three years and under four, 10 00

Best Mule over two years and under three, 10 00

Second best Mule two years old and under three, certificate.

Best Mule one year old and under two, ..-.-.-- 10 00

Second best Mule one year old and under two, certificate.

Best sucking Mule, 10 00

Best pair draft Mules in harness, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best lot of five Mules of any age owned by one person, 10 00

Jvdges.-r-Mx. Crabb, Todd; Gano Henry, John W. Wallace, Wm. F. Campbell, James F.
Buckner, John B. McCarty.

BLOODED HORSE STOCK.

Best Stallion over four years old, 20 00

Best Stallion three and under four, - 10 00

Best Stallion two and under three, 10 00

Best Stallion one and under two, 10 00

Best sucking Colt, 10 00

Best Mare over four years, 10 00

Best Mare three and under four, ----- 10 00

Best Mare two and under three, 10 00

Best Mare one and under two, - - 10 00

Best sucking Colt, 10 00

Certificate of pedigree required.

Judges— John M. Sharp, Warren; Charles Merriwether, Todd, Richard Tyler, Trigg*, Geo.
Elliot, Tennessee; L. L. Leavell, A. V. Long, John Whitlock, Christian.

FOURTH DAY.

DRAFT STOCK.

Best Stallion, over four years old, $20 00

Best Stallion, over three years and under four, - - 10 00

Second best Stallion, three years and under four, - certificate.

Best Stallion, two years and under three, -------- 10 00

Second best Stallion, two years and under three, certificate.

Best Stallion, one year and under two, - - 10 00

Second best Stallion, one year and under two, certificate.

Best sucking Colt, 10 00

Second best sucking Colt, - - - - - certificate.

Best Brood Mare, over four years old, 10 00

Second best Brood Mare, over four years old, - - certificate.

Best Brood Mare, three years and under four, - - 10 00

Best Brood Mare, two years and under three, ------- 10 00

Second best Brood Mare, two years and under three, certificate

Best Brood Mare, one year and under two, ......... 10 00

Second best Brood Mare, one year and under two, ------ certificate.

Best sucking Colt, - - 10 00

Second best sucking Colt, ----------- certificate.

Judges — Julieu Brown, Roscoe Dickerson, Todd; J. T. Edmunds, Thomas Torian, Dr. Bell,
M. D. Davie, N. E. Gray, E. A. Brown, Wm. Clardy.

SADDLE STOCK.

Best Stallion, over four years old, 20 00

Best Stallion, three years and under four, - 10 00

Second best Stallion, three years and under four, certificate.

Best Stallion, two years and under three, -------- 10 00

Second best Stallion, two years and under three, certificate.

Best Stallion, one year and under two, 10 00

Second best Stallion, one year and under two, ------- certificate.

Best sucking Colt, - 10 00

Second best sucking Colt, - certificate.

Best Mare, over four years old, ---------- 10 00

Best Mare, three years and under four, -------- 10 00

Second best Mare, three years and under four, certificate.

Best Mare, two years and under three, 10 00

Second best Mare, two years and under three, ------- certificate.

Best Mare, one year and under two, - 10 00

Second best Mare, one year and under two, ....... certificate.

Best aged Gelding, 10 00

Second oest aged Gelding, certificate.

354 REPORT OF THE

Judges — Col. Wm. Hopkins, Christian; Wm. S. Elam, Henderson; Wm. Eaves, McLean;
Edward Weir, Muhlenburg; W. D. Grace, Trigg; E. W. Cravens, David Parish, Christian.

HARNESS STOCK.

Best Stallion, over four years old, 20 00

Best Stallion, three years and under four, 10 00

Second best Stallion, three vears and under four, certificate.

Best Stallion, two years and under three, 10 00

Second best Stallion, two years and under three, certificate.

Best Stallion, one year and under two, 10 00

Second best Stallion, one year and under two, certificate.

Best sucking Colt, 10 00

Second best sucking Colt, - certificate.

Best Mare, over four years old, 10 00

Best Mare, three years and under four, 10 00

Second best Mare", three years and under four, certificate.

Best Mare, two years and under three, 10 00

Second bebt Mare, two years and under three, certificate.

Best Mare, one year old and under two, 10 00

Second best Mare, one year old and under two, certificate.

Best sucking Colt, 10 00

Second best sucking Colt, certificate.

Best pair Harness Mares or Geldings, to be exhibited in harness, ... 10 00

Second best pair Harness Mares or Geldings, to be exhibited in harness, - - certificate.

Best Mare or Guiding, in single harness, 10 00

Second best Mare or Gelding, in single harness, certificate.

Judges— Jack Fisher, J. W. Breathitt, E. S. Edmunds, Dr. Ratcliff, Christian; Dr. Heyton,
Russellville; Henry Garnet, Warren; Wm. Grooms, Caldwell.

RULES AND REGULATIONS.

Each days exhibition will commence at 9 o'clock, A. M., by which time, to avoid delay and
confusion, all entries must be made.

Entries for the first days exhibition may be made with the Secretary at hi3 office in town,
for two days previous to the Fair.

Entries for subsequent days should be made each evening after the exhibition closes, by the
Secretary on the grounds, or at his office in town, where the books will be kept open until 10
o'clock at night.

It is highly important that all entries should be made at the office in town, the day previous
to the exhibition, as the time for closing the book (positively at 9 o'clock,) will allow no time
for making entries in the morning on the ground.

The Judges are requested to report themselves to the President at his office on the grounds,
by 8 o'clock on the day on which they ate to act.

No person will be allowed to compete for premiums with articles of which they are not the
real owners, without paying the regular charge for entry.

Persons not members of the Association, will be charged for competing for premiums, as
follows : For a premium of $5 — $1; for a premium over $5 to $20 — $2; for a premium of $20
and over, $3.

All stock and every article offered for exhibition, shall be under control of the Marshal.

No animal will be allowed to compete for more than one premium at the same Fair, unless
it is in a sweepstake, or in making up a lot.

No Stallion, Mare, Bull, Cow, Jack, or Jennet, over four years old, shall be permitted to
compete for a premium with breeding animals, unless it has proven itself a breeder.

No person shall be allowed to enter the ring where the stock and other articles are placed
for exhibition, except the Judges, President, Vice President, Directors, Marshals and Sec-
retary.

No premium will be awarded where but one article or animal is exhibited, unless the Judges
shall decide that such article or animal is worthy of a premium.

Marks of any kind, or other indications of ownership, are to be rigidly excluded from all
articles competing for premiums.

Sales at auction for the benefit of those who may desire to dispose of stock, or other arti-
cles, will be made on Saturday on the ground.

The services of an auctioneer can be secured by applying to the Secretary.

All manufactured articles must be exhibited by the maker, owner or his agent.

All premiums of five dollars and upwards will be paid in plate; all under that sum, in gold
coin or plate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 355

PREMIUMS AWARDED BY THE CHRISTIAN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND
MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, ten yards, W. W. Follin, of Logan, premium; John P. Tully, of Logan, cer-
tificate.

White Linsey, ten yards, A. Julien Brown, of Todd, premium.

Striped Linsey, ten yards, J. P. Tully, of Logan, premium; Mrs. Isaac Lewis, of Clinton,
certificate.

CarpetiDg, twenty yards, Mrs. H, Smith Bowling, of Green, premium; B. J. Kennedy, of
Christian, certificate.

Rag Carpet, twenty yards, J. P. Tully, of Logan, premium.

Pair of Bed Blankets, B. K. Tully, of Logan, premium; Mrs. Dr. Bell, of Christian, cer-
tificate.

Vest Pattern, home made, Mrs. H. Smith, of Warren, premium: S. A. Holland, of Christian,
certificate.

Pair of Woolen Hose, Mrs. H. Smith, of Warren, premium; Mrs. D. T. Douglass, of Ten-
nessee, certificate.

Pair of Half Hose, Mrs. D. T. Douglass, of Tennessee, premium and certificate.

Best made Linen Shirt, Miss Ann Guynn, of Hopkinsville, premium; Mrs. M. W. Bradley,
of Hopkinsville, certificate.

Best made Linen Shirt, Miss Blakey, of Logan, premium.

Embroidery on Chair, Mrs. Harriet Fields, of Christian, premium; Mrs. Berryman, Chris-
tian, certificate.

Piano Cover, Mrs. Sarah Boyd, of Hopkinsville, premium.

Fancy Dress, Mrs. Sarah Boyd, of Hopkinsville, premium.

Embroidery Needlework, Mrs. E. M. Berryman, of Hopkinsville, premium; Mis3 Henrietta
Gray, of Hopkinsville, certificate.

Embroidery on Flannel, Mrs D. Hillman, of Trigg, premium.

Drawing, Creyon, Miss Sarah Sasseen, of Todd, premium.

Fly-Brush, Mrs. S. A. McNairy, of Muhlenbnrg, premium.

Crotchet Work, eleven yards, Miss Mitchell, premium and certificate.

Pair of Woolen Mitts, by a Girl, Miss L. V. Grogan, premium.

Yarn, two specimens, Miss Martha Jeffries, premium.

Paintings, ten pieces, Mrs. Waller Lewis, premium.

Bonnet and Head Dress, Mrs. Winston, of Clarksville, premium; Mrs. E. J. Ruble, cer-
tificate.

Specimen of Leather Work, Miss Louisa Johnson, premium.

Woolen Coverlet, .Mrs. Elizabeth Murphy, of Clarksville, premium; Mrs. J. D. Chambers,
certificate.

Cotton Counterpane, Mrs. C. B. Henry, premium; Mrs. Dr. Gaines, certificate.

Cotton Quilt, not patchwork, Mrs. E. Morris, premium.

Cotton Quilt, patchwork, Mrs. J. H. Johnson, premium; Mrs. Sarah Boyd, certificate.

Silk Quilt, Mrs. Sarah Boyd, premium.

Worsted Quilt, Mrs. Dr. Thomas, premium; Mrs. Sarah Boyd, certificate.

Hearth Rug, Mrs. C. B. Henry, premium; Mrs. Geo. D. Blakey, certificate.

Rifle Gun, Frederick Roos, premium.

DAIRY PRODUCTS.

Five pounds butter, Mrs. Ann P. Radford, premium; Mrs. Matilda Evans, certificate.
Best Loaf of Bread, Mrs. Isaac Lewis, premium; Mrs. J. D. Chambers, certificate.
Best Cooked Ham, Mrs. Thos. S. Bryan, premium; Mrs. J. D. Chambers, certificate.
Best five pounds Honey, Dr. G. Venable, premium.
Best Jar Preserves, Mrs. E. A. Dupey, premium; Mrs. Geo. O. Thompson, certificate.

FRUITS.

Best Bushel Apples, W. H. Sasseen, premium; J. S. Downer, of Todd, certificate.

Best display of Fruits, J. S. Downer, premium.

Best display ef Flowers, J. S. Downer, premium; Miss Sarah McKee, certificate.

VEGETABLES.

Best bushel Irish Potatoes, W. T. Buckner, premium; Jos. F. Anderson, certificate.
Best bushel Sweet Potatoes, Jos. F. Anderson, premium.
Best display of Vegetables, Thos. S. Bryan, premium.

FARM PRODUCTS.

Bushel Bread Corn, half shelled, W. H. Sasseen, premium.

Twenty five pounds Leaf Tobacco, John H. Campbell, premium; C.E. Merriwether, certifi-
cate.

Twenty-five pounds Manufactory Tobacco, John Graham, premium; Col. R.W. Henry, cer-
tificate.

356 REPORT OF- THE

Best specimen Chinese Sugar Cane Syrup, S. B. Youuglove, premium; N. H. Boyd, certifi-
cate.

MANUFACTURES.

Two Horse Carriage, A. Y. Johnson, of Louisville, premium.

Best Buggy, Clark Bradley, premium; Bringhursi, certificate.

Best Four Horse Wagon, Thos. M. Buck, and J. B. Petty, Virginia, premium

Best Two Horse Wagon, Thomas & Miller, premium.

Best Two Horse Plow, J. E. Wills, premium and certificate.

Best Three Horse Plow, J. E. Wills, premium.

Best One Horse Plow, J. E. Wills, premium.

Best Straw Cutter, Brockman & Porter, premium.

Best Barrel Flour, James A. Brewer, premium; R. Dulin & Co., certificate.

Two Bushels White Wheat, Chiles T. Barker, premium.

Two Bushels Red Wheat, R. W. Henry, premium.

Best double set Carriage Harness, Baker, Beard & Crutchfield, premium.

Best single set Carriage Harness, Baker, Beard & Crutchfield, premium.

Best set Wagon Harness, Baker, Beard & Crutchfield, premium.

Best Ladies' Saddle, J. M. Glasscock, premium; Jas. M. Doneison, certificate

Best Man's Saddle, J. M. Glasscock, premium.

Best side Harness Leather, J. M. Burgess, premium; Byron Harrison, certificate.

Best side Sole and Upper Leather, Byron Harrison, premium; J. M. Burgess, certificate.

Best Pair Boots, Cushman & Black, premium and certificate.

Best Pair Ladies' Shoes, Cushman & Black, premium.

Best made Cloth Coat, John L. Shower, premium; O. G. McGinnis; certificate.

Best made Vest, John L. Shower, premium; H. B. Gentry, certificate.

WOOD WORK.

Dressing Bureau, Thompson & Coleman, (T. H. Shaw, Cincinnati,) premium.
Wardrobe, Thompson & Coleman, (T. H. Shaw, Cincinnati,) premium.
Set of Chairs, John T. Edmonds, premium.
Sofa, Thompson & Coleman, premium; J. T. Edmonds, certificate-

SHEEP.

Best Buck, Long Wooled, B K. Tully, premium.
Best Ewe, B. K. Tully,. premium.
Best Middle Wooled Buck, Ben. Berry, premium.
Best Middle Wooled Ewe, Ben. Berry, premium.
Best Fine Wooled Buck, R. W. Henry, premium.
Best Fine Wooled Ewe, R. W. Henry, premium.

HOGS.

Best Boar, A. Julian Brown, premium; James F. Buckner, certificate.
Best Sow, J. S. Fisher, premium; W. G. Smoot, certificate.
Best pair Pigs, J. D. Crafton, premium; J. S. Fisher, certificate.
Fat Hog, W. D. Lander, premium; T. B. Mason, certificate.

CATTLE.

Aged Bull, Isaac Lewis premium.

Bull, three and under four years, E. 0. Hawkins, premium.

Bull, two and under three years, R. G. Henry, premium.

Bull, one year and under two, J. W. O. McGarvey, premium; E. 0. Hawkins, certificate.

Sucking Calf, E. 0. Hawkins, premium; Lewis & Jackson, certificate.

Aged Cow, Sallie Jackson, James S. Jackson, premium; R. G. Henry, certificate.

Cow, three years and under four, Isaac Lewis, premium and certificate.

Cow, two years and under three, Daniel C. Herndon, premium.

Cow, one year and under two, DaDiel C. Herndon, premium; Isaac Lewis, certificate

Heifer Calf, R. G. Henry, premium; E 0. Hawkins, certificate.

Herd of Devon Cattle, Charles Merriweather, premium.

Yoke Oxen, J. E. Jessup, premium; J. McComb, certificate.

Milch Cow, J. Lewis, premium.

Fat Bullock, J. Lewis, premium.

Lot of four Beef Cattle, J. Lewis, premium.

JACKS AND JENNETS.

Aged Jack, B. K. Tully, premium; S. A. Holland, certificate.

Jack two years old and under three, Col. Y. N. Douglass, premium; Isaac Lewis, certificate
Jack one year old and under two, W. C. D., premium ; Isaac N. Hinkle, certificate.
Jack, sucking Colt, J. P. Tully, premium; Wash. Kendall, certificate.

Jennet over three years, J. P. Tully, premium; Stoner, certificate.

Jennet, two years and under three, R. C. Boiling, premium-
Jennet, one year and under two, P. B. Stoner, premium.
Sucking Colt, J. P. Tully, premium; P. B. Stoner, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 357

MULES, AC.

Aged Mule, E. R. Farrar, premium; Jarret Crabb, certificate.

Mule, three years and under four, E. Bacon, premium; J. McComb, certificate.

Mule, two years and under three, E. Bacon, premium and certificate.

Mule, one year and under two, T. B. Mason, premium; B. K. Tully, certificate.

Sucking Mule, John H. Langley, Hopkins county, premium; B. K. Tully, certificate.

Best pair Mules in harness, J. Crabb, premium.

Lot of five Mules, any age, E. Bacon, premium; J. Crabb, certificate.

Cashmere Goats, Col. Williams, of Tennessee, premium.

BLOODED HORSES.

Aged Stallion, Wilie Taylor, premium; Chas. N. Merriweather, certificate.

Stallion, three years and under four, Chas. N. Merriweather, premium.

Stallion, two years and under three, Ben. Berry, premium.

Stallion, one year and under two, Wilie Taylor, premium; Ben. Berry, certificate.

Stallion, sucking colt, Henry B. Tully, premium; Wilie Taylor, certificate.

Aged Mare, Wilie Taylor, premium; Thomas Green, certificate.

Mare, three years and under four, Wilie Taylor, premium; E. Bacon, certificate.

Mare, two years and under three, Thos. Green, premium.

Mare, one year and under two, Daniel C. Herndon, Logan, premium.

Mare, sucking colt, Wilie Taylor, premium; Julian Brown, certificate.

Driving in single or double harness, Dr. J. H. Jackson, premium; E. P. Barbour, certificate.

DRAFT STOCK.

Aged Draft Stallion, W. B. Mason, premium; L. L. Johnson, certificate.

Stallion, two years and under three, Billy Kay, premium; R. G. Grinter, certificate.

Brood Mare, aged, E. S. Edmunds, premium; J. McComb, certificate.

Draft Mare, three years and under four, J. H. Dulin, premium; Robt. Chilton, certificate.

Draft Mare, two years and under three, John Wood, premium.

Draft Gelding, J. W. Boyd, premium and certificate.

SADDLE STOCK.

Saddle Stallion, aged, George T. Blakey, of Logan, premium; Jas. M. Tillman, certificate.

Saddle Stallion, three years and under four, C. Glass, premium.

Saddle Stallion, tw T o years and under three, J. H. Wood, premium.

Saddle Stallion, one year and under two, J. O'Donnelly, premium.

Saddle Mare, aged, J. N. Cloud, premium; John Fox, certificate.

Saddle Mare, three years and under four, Ben. Berry, premium.

Saddle Mare, two years and under three, R. C. Jackson, premium.

Saddle Mare, one year and under two, John Gray, Jr., premium; Robert Barnett, certificate.

Sucking Celt, A. Julien Brown, premium; Wiley Taylor, certificate.

Geldiug, Saddle, Dr. S. S. Porter, premium; Jas. S. Parish, certificate.

HARNESS STOCK.

Aged Stallion, J. K. Smith, premium; Fox & Stacker, certificate.

Stallion, three years and under four, G. B Long, premium.

Stallion, two years and under three, J. Yost, of Logan, premium; J. S. Fisher, certificate.

Stallion, one year and under two, J. S. Lander, premium.

Sucking Colt, R. Baker, premium; J. T. C. Moore, certificate.

Aged Mare, Wm. A. Shepherd, premium; J. T. C. Moore, certificate.

Mare, three years and under four, W. G. Smoot, premium; G. B. Long, certificate.

Mare, two years and under three, P. Gibson, premium.

Mare, one year and under two, Jos. Hiler, premium.

Sucking Colt, J. VV. Malone, premium.

Gelding, in single harness, J. W. Breathitt, premium; A. Julien Brown, certificate.

Geldings, pair in harness, Samuel Byron, premium; J. S. Phelps, certificate.

Riding Club, best rider, A. Julien Brown, premium; T. B. Leonard, certificate.

358 REPORT OF THE

CLARKE COUNTY STOCK SOCIETY.
Officers of the Society. William R. Duncan, President; W. R. Estill, of Fayette, Nel-
son Prewitt, of Montgomery, Harrison Thompson, of Clarke, Jeremiah Duncan, of Bourbon,
and Waller Chenault, of Madison, Vice Presidents; Robert N. Winn, Treasurer; Wm. H.
Winn, Recording Secretary; John A. Williams, Corresponding Secretary; Thomas H. Moore,
General Superintendent; Charles Lindsay, Marshal; John Clinkenbeard, C. A. Preston, James
Hodgkin, Daniel Smith, John GofF, Thomas W. Lewis, J. N. Winn, Charles Capps, and David
Sutherland, Directors.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE CLARKE COUNTY STOCK SOCIETY.
FIRST DAY.

BLOODED CATTLE.

(Known as Breeders.)

Best Bull, three years old and upward, $ 10 00

Best Bull, two years old and under three, - 10 00

Best Bull, one year old and under two, - 8 00

Best Bull Calf, under one year old, 8 00

Best Cow, three years old and upward, 10 00

Best Cow, two years old and under three, 10 00

Best Cow, one year old and under two, - 8 00

Best Cow, under one year old, - - - - 8 00

Judges — Nelson Dudley, of Fayette; Geo. M. Bedford, of Bourbon; Abram Renick, of
Clarke; R. S.Taylor, of Clarke; Jas. Stone, of Madison; James Bean, of Montgomery; Wm.
Warfield, of Fayette.

OPEN RING FOR ALL AGES AND KINDS.

Best Bull, 15 00

Best Cow, 15 00

Best Bull and Cow, 15 00

Judges — R. A. Alexander, of Woodford; Dr. S. D. Martin, of Clarke; Edwin G. Bedford,
of Bourbon; Jas. G. Kinnaird, of Fayette; Wm. Price, of Clarke; Wm. Chenault, of Madi-
son; E. Fisher, of Boyle.

FAT CATTLE.

Best Fat Bullock, four years old and upward, - - - 10 00

Best Fat Bullock, three years and under four, 10 00

Best Fat Bullock, two years and under three, 8 00

Best Fat Bullock, one year and under two, 8 00

Best Free Martin, spayed Heifer or Cow, of any age, 10 00

Best Pair of Oxen, for work, three years old and upward, - - - - - - 10 00

Best Pair of Oxen, for work, under three years, 8 00

Judges — Thos. Hughes, of Fayette; Joseph Chenault, of Madison; Joseph Scott, of Bourbon;
Asa Bean, of Clarke; Samuel Carrington, of Montgomery; S. P. Humphreys, of Woodford;
Wm. Garner, of Clarke.

SHEEP.

Best Buck, two years old and upward, Long Wool, 5 00

Best Buck, one year old and under two, --------- 5 00

Best Ewe, two years old and upward, LoDg Wool, 5 00

Best Ewe, one year old and under two, 5 00

Best Buck, two years old and upward, Middle Wool, ... - - - 5 00

Best Buck, one year old and under two, 5 00

Best Ewe, two years old and upward, Middle Wool, 5 00

Best Ewe, one year old and under two, - - 5 00

Best Buck, two years old and upward, Fine Wool, 5 00

Best Buck, one year old and under two, 5 00

Best Ewe, two years old and upward, Fine Wool, ------- 5 00

Best Ewe, one year old and under two, -- 5 00

Best Pair Lambs, of any grade, 5 00

Five Best Fat Sheep, of any grade, 5 00

Judges — Robt. W. Scott, of Franklin; James Foley, of Fayette; Thos. J. Grimes, of Bour-
bon; Jas. H. G. Bush, of Clarke; H. M. H.Taylor, of Clarke; J. W. Mcllvaine, of Woodford;
Richard Green, of Montgomery.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 359

HOGS.

Best Boar, two years old and upwards, - 5 00

Best Boar, one year old and under two, 5 00

Best Sow, two years old and upward, 5 00

Best Sow, one year old and under two, 5 00

Best Pair Pigs, under one year old, 5 00

Best Sow, and litter of Pigs, 5 00

Five best Fat Hogs, 5 00

Judges — Col. Jas. McKee, Montgomery; John Hildreth, of Bourbon; Samuel Chorn, of
Clarke; Jas. H. French, of Montgomery; J. M. Daniel, of Clarke; C. Campbell, of Madison;
Harry Moore, of Estill.

SECOND DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Best Stallion, three years old and upward, 10 00

Best Stallion, two year3 old and under three, 10 00

Best Stallion, one year old and under two, 8 00

Best Stallion, under one year old, - 8 00

Best Mare, three years old and upward, known as a breeder, 10 00

Best Mare, two years old and under three, - 10 00

Best Mare, one year old and under two, 8 00

Best Mare Colt, under one year old, 8 00

Judges — Chilton Allan, of Clarke; John Cunningham, Sr., of Bourbon; John Hutchcraft,
of Woodford; Capt. A. Buford, of Woodford; James A. Grinstead, of Fayette; Thomas H.
Embry, of Madison; George Bean, of Montgomery.

JACK STOCK.

Best Jack, three years old and upward, 10 00

Best Jack, two years old and under three, 10 00

Best Jack, one year old and und under two, 8 00

Best Jack Colt under one year old, - 8 00

Best Jennet, three years old and upward, - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Jennet, two years old and under three, 10 00

Best Jennet, one year old and under two, ........ 8 00

Best Jennet under one year old, - - - - - -.'••- - - - 8 00

Judges — John F. Payne, of Scott; Benjamin F. Bedford, of Bourbon; W. Halley Smith, of
Montgomery; B. B. Groom, of Clarke; Jacob Embry, of Fayette; Isaac Walker, of Madi-
son; Tandy Quisenberry, of Clarke.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Jack, of any age, 15 00

Best Jennet, of any age, 15 00

Judges — Charle3 Lindsey, of Clarke; Capt. James Howard, of Montgomery; Silas Evans,
of Fayette; Johnson Young, of Bath; A. Wilson, of Bourbon; Milo Baxter, of Madison;
Roger Jones, of Clarke.

MULES.

Best Horse Mule, two years old and upward, 10 00

Best Horse Mule, one year old and under two, 8 00

Best Horse Mule Colt, under one year old, 8 00

Best Mare Mule, two years old and upward, - - - 10 00

Best Mare Mule, one year old and under two, 8 00

Best Mare Mule Colt, under one year old, 8 00

Best Pair Horse Mules in Harness, 10 00

Best Pair Mare Mules, in Harness, 10 00

Best Single Horse Mule in Harness, 8 00

Best Single Mare Mule in Harness, 8 00

Five best Fat Mules, 10 00

Best Team, six Mules to wagon, 10 00

Judges — William L. Sudduth, of Bath; Lewis Castleman, of Fayette; Thomas Johnson, of
Montgomery; George Shanklin, of Jessamine; R. H. Lindsay, of Bourbon; A. J. Taul, of
Clarke, R. G. Bush, of Clarke.

THIRD DAY.

HARNESS AND SADDLE HORSES.

Best Stallion, four years old and upward, for Harness, - 10 00

Best Stallion, three years old and under four, for harness, 10 00

Best Stallion, two years old and under three, for harness, - - - - - 8 00

Best Stallion, one year old and under two, for harness, ------ 8 00

360 REPORT OF THE

Best Stallion Colt, under one year old, 8 00

Best IVLire, four years old and upward, (a breeder) for harness, - - - - 10 00

Best Mare, three years old and under four, - 10 00

Best Mare, two years old and under three, - 8 00

Best Mare, one year old and under two, 8 00

Best Mare Colt, under one year old, 8 00

Judges — B. J. Peters, of Montgomery; David Irvine, of Madison; Parker Craig, of Fay-
ette; Benjamin Hieronymus, of Clarke; James Blythe, of Madison; Robert Scott, of
Clarke; John Spencer, of Clarke.

Best Gelding in Harness, four years old and upward, 10 00

Best Gelding in Harness, three years old and under four, - - - - - 10 00

Best Gelding in Harness, two years old and under three, - - - - - 8 00

Best Mare in Harness, 10 00

Best Pair Horses, in Harness, 10 00

Best Pair Mares, in Harness, 10 00

Judges — O. P. Beard, of Lexington; Wm. Hood, of Garrard; Dr. R. Underwood, of Paris;
Richard J. White, of Madison; Wm. Ragland, of Bath; Charles Howerton, of Bourbon;
Daniel Scott, of Winchester.

SADDLE HORSES.

Best Stallion, four years old and upwards, - ■ - 10 00

Best Stallion three years and under four, 10 00

Best Stallion, two years and under three, --------- 8 00

Best Stallion, one vear and under two, 8 00

Best Stillion Colt,* 8 00

Best Brood Mare, four years and upwards, - - - - - - - - 18 00

Best Brood Mare, three years and under four, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Mare, two years and under three, 8 00

Best Mare, one year and under two, ----------8 00

Best Mare Colt, under one year, - - - - -'- - - - - 8 00

Judges — Dr. J. R. Desha, of Lexington; Campbell Willmore, of Jessamine; David Hatha
way, of Montgomery; James H. G. Bush, of Clarke; Joseph Graves, of Fayette; Hub. Buck-
ner, of Kenton; W. D. Sutherland, of Clarke.

Best Gelding, four years and upwards, - 10 00

Best Gelding, three years and under four, - - 10 00

Best Gelding, two ve-ars and under three, --------- 8 00

Best Saddle Mare," 10 00

Judges— Dr. E. L. Dudley, of Lexington; Ed. P. Gaines, of Scott; Dr. Wm. H. Cunning-
ham, of Winchester; Noah Ferguson, of Fayette; Dr. L. M. Buford, of Mt. Sterling; Garrett
Elkin, of Garrard; Enoch Elkin, of Clarke.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Stallion, any age, ....-.- 15 00

Best Mare, any age, 15 00

Best Gelding, any age, ------------ 15 00

Judges — G. Drummond Hunt, of Fayette, David Howell, of Montgomery; Vol. Hildreth, of
Bourbon; Col. John S. Williams, of Illinois; Thomas Darnaby, of Fayette; Thomas H.Robin -
eon, of Clarke; J. A. Jackson, Esq., of Winchester.

REGULATIONS OF THE SOCIETY.

1. The exhibition will take place each day at 9 o'clock, A. M., at which time all entries
must be made.

2. The Judges are requested to report themselves to the President, at his office, on the day
on which they are to act, at as early an hour as possible.

3. All premiums will be paid in Silver Plate.

4. No animal shall compete for more than one premium, except in the Sweepstakes.

5. All persons that have paid, or upon paying $5 to the Society, shall be considered as mem-
bers thereof; and shall be entitled to exhibit any Stock they may have, and have the privilege
of entering the grounds with their families (under age) free of charge.

6. Any person wishing to exhibit Stock, who is not a member of this Society, shall have the
privilege of so doing by paying to the Treasurer $3, as an entrance fee.

7. No person shall exhibit Stock except the owner thereof.

8. Wesolict competition from all quarters. Premium Stock exhibited in this county in
the year 1856 not excluded.

9. Sales at Auction for the benefit of those who may desire to dispose of Stock, will be made
each day in the Amphitheatre, during the recess for dinner.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

PREMIUMS AWARDED BY THE CLARKE COUNTY STOCK SOCIETY.

FIRST DAY.

BLOODED CATTLE, KNOWN AS BREEDERS.

Bull, three years old and upwards, McMillan & Campbell, of Nicholas, premium; Asa Bean,
of Clarke, certificate.

Two years old and under three, Richard Linsey, of Bourbon, premium; Henry W. Calmes,
of Clarke, certificate.

One year old and under two, Benj. F. Vanmeter, of Clarke, premium; Benj. P. Goff, of
Clarke, certificate.

Calf, under one year old, Wm. R.Duncan, of Clarke, premium; Abram Vanmeter, of
Clarke, certificate.

Best Cow, three years old and upwards, Solomon Vanmeter, of Fayette, premium; Ben. F.
Vanmeter, of Clarke, certificate.

Two years old and under three, John H. Moore, of Clarke, premium; Wm. Warfield, of
Fayette, certificate.

Best Cow, one year old and under two, Solomon Vanmeter, of Fayette, premium; Ben. F.
Vanmeter, of Clarke, certificate.

Under one year old, William Warfield, of Fayette, premium; Thomas C. Vanmeter, of
Clarke, certificate.

OPEN RING FOR ALL AGES AND KINDS.

Best Bull, McMillen &. Campbell, Nicholas, premium; Benjamin F. Vanmeter, Clarke, cer-
tificate.

Best Cow, Benjamin F. Vanmeter, Clarke, premium, Benjamin P. Goff, Clarke, certificate.

FAT CATTLE.

Best Fat Bullock, four years old and upwards, one entry, Wm. D. Sutherland, Clarke, pre-
mium.

Three years old and under four, one entry, Wm. R. Estill, Fayette, premium.

Two years old and under three, William R. Estill, Fayette, premium; Thomas G. Sudduth,
Clarke, certificate.

One year old and under two, William Muir, Fayette, promium; H. W. Rice, Bourbon, cer-
tificate.

Free Martin, Spayed Heifer, or Cow, any age, Wm. R. Estill, Fayette, premium; Thomas
Goff, Clarke, certificate.

Pair Oxen, for work, three years old and upwards, Benj. Sudduth, Boone, premium; John
Clinkenbeard, Clarke, certificate.

Pair of Oxen, under three years old, Asa Bean, Clarke, premium; William D. Sutherland,
of Clarke, certificate.

SHEEP.

Best Buck, two years old and upwards, long wool, one entry, Robert McMillan, Bourbon,
premium.

One year old and under two, one entry, McDonald & Smith, Clarke, premium.

Ewe, two years old and upwards, long wodI, one entry, Heury Rice, Bourbon, premium.

One year old and under two, Robert McMillan, Bourbon, premium and certificate.

Buck, two years old and upwards, middle wool, one entry, Wm. D. Sutherland, Clarke, pre-
mium.

One year old and under two, one entry, Henry Hedge, Bourbon, premium.

Ewe, two years old and upwards, middle wool, Wm. D. Sutherland, Clarke, premium; Jas.
H. G. Bush, Clarke, certificate.

One year old and under two, Wm. D. Sutherland, Clarke, premium; Thomas C. Vanmeter,
Clarke, certificate.

Buck, two years old and upwards, middle wool, one entry, Washington Miller, Clarke, pre-
mium.

One year old and under two, one entry, Washington Miller, Clarke, premium.

Ewe, two years old and upwards, fine wool, one entry, Washington Miller, Clarke, pre-
mium.

One year old and under two, one entry, Washington Miller, Clarke, premium.

Best pair Lambs, any grade, McDonald & Smith, Clarke, premium; Roger G. Quisenberry,
Clarke, certificate.

Five best Fat Sheep, Benj. Sudduth, Boone, premium; Thoma3 C. Vanmeter, Clarke, cer-
tificate.

HOGS.

Boar, two years old and upwards, Abraham Vanmeter, Jr., Clarke, premium; James Gay,
Sr., Clarke, certificate.

One year old and under two, one entry, John V. Grigsby, Clarke, premium.

Sow, two years old and upwards, Jas. H. G. Bush, Clarke, premium; A. H. Weaver, Clarke,
certificate.

362 REPORT OF THE

Sow, one year old and under two, one entry, Thos. H. Moore, Clarke, premium.
Pair of Pigs, under one year old, Jas. Gay, Sr., Clarke, premium; John B. Foster, Clarke,
certificate.

Sow and Litter of Pigs, Jas. H. G. Bush, Clarke, premium; A. H. Weaver, certificate.
Five best Fat Hogs, John B. Foster, Clarke, premium; Lewis Adams, Clarke, certificate.

SECOND DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Best Stallion, three years and upwards, Jas. T. Nichols, Harrison, premium; Joseph Hall,
Bourbon, certificate.

Two years old and under three, Thos. W. Lewis, Clarke, premium; John E. Gordon, Clarke,
certificate.

One year old and under two, Wm. H. Nelson, Montgomery, premium; John E. Lisle, Clarke,
certificate.

Under one year old, Thomas J. Grimes, Bourbon, premium; Noah Ferguson, Fayette, cer-
tificate.

Best Mare three years old and upwards, Wm. H. Nelson, Clarke, premium; G. D. Hunt,
Fayette, certificate.

Two years old and under three, Harrison Thomson, Clarke, premium; John E. Lisle, Clarke,
certificate.

One year old and under two, Dr. L. Herr, Lexington, premium; John E. Lisle, Clarke, cer-
tificate.

Colt, under one year old, Wm. H. Broughton, Clarke, premium; E. M. Todhunter, Fayette,
certificate.

JACK STOCK.

Best Jack, three years old and upwards, John Larrimore, Madison, premium; Geo. A. Bean,
Montgomery, certificate.

Two years old and under three, one entry, Daniel Talbott, Bourbon, premium.

One year old and under two, S. D. Talbott, Bourbon, premium; Wm. R. Duncan, Clarke,
certificate.

Under one year old, A. F. Eastin, Fayette, premium; John Williams, Clarke, certificate.

Best Jennet, three years old and upwards, Harrison Thomson, Clarke, premium; Joseph
Graves, Clarke, certificate.

Two years old and under three, Dudley Tribble, Madison, premium; Samuel H. Talbott,
Bourbon, certificate.

One year old and under two, one entry, James Hutchcraft, Bourbon, premium.

Under one year old, Wm. Geldell, Clarke, premium; Wm. Hays, Fayette, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Jack, any age, S. D. Talbott, Bourbon, premium; John Larrimore, Madison, cer-
tificate.

Best Jennet, any age, Dudley Tribble, Madison, premium; S. D. Talbott, Bourbon, certifi-
cate.

MULES.

Best Horse Mule, two years old and upwards, Harvey W. Rice, Bourbon, premium; Harri-
son Thomson, Clarke, certificate.

One year old and under two, no entry.

Under one year old, Wm. Muir, Fayette, premium; Dory Veal, Fayette, certificate.

Mare Mule, two years old and upwards, Wm. R.Estill, Fayette, premium; Waller Chenault,
Madison, certificate.

One year old and under two, one entry, W. T. Calmes, Fayette, premium.

Under one year old, Wm. R. Estill, Fayette, premium; Wm. G. Hedges, Harrison, certifi
cate.

Best pair Horse Mules in harness, no entry.

Best pair Mare Mules in harness, one entry, James P. Gay, Clarke, premium.

Single Horse Mule in harness, no entry.

Single Mare Mule in harness, Fielding Bush, Clarke, premium; Wm. R. Duncan, Clarke,
certificate.

V THIRD DAY.

SADDLE AND HARNESS HORSES.

Best Stallion, four years old and upwards, for harness, John E. Darnaby, Fayette, premium;
John D. Smith, Clarke, certificate.

Three years old and under four, for harness, John Larrimore, of Clarke, premium; James
T. Nichols, Harrison, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 363

Two years old and under three, for harness, James Henderson, Fayette, premium; Franc'13
Darnaby, Fayette, certificate.

One year old and under two, for harness, William Richardson, Fayette, premium; John K
Hildreth, iSourbon, certificate.

Colt, under one year old, for harness, James C. Montague, Fayette, premium; G. Drum
mond Hunt, Fayette, certificate.

Best Mare, four years old and upward, (a breeder) for harness, R. T. Downing, Fayette
premium; William Higgins, Fayette, certificate.

Three years old and under four, Thomas Coons, Fayette, premium; William Abbott, Scott
certificate.

Two years old and under three, Ben. T. Crim, Clarke, premium; Chas. S. Locknane, Clarke
certificate.

One year old and under two, H. S. Parker, Fayette, premium; John H. Moore, Clarke, cer
tificate.

Colt, under one year old, H. S. Parker, Fayette, premium; Isaac Stepp, Clarke, certifi
cate.

Best Gelding, four years old and upward, in harness, Reuben Hunt, Clarke, premium; Jas
T. Nichols, Harrison, certificate.

Three years old and under four, J. W. Cromwell, Fayette, premium; J. A. Eastin, Fay
ette, certificate.

Two years old and under three, Robert Nutter, Fayette, premium; William Cole, Clarke
certificate.

Mare, in Harness, Drummond Hunt, Fayette, premium; R. Pepper, Woodford, certifi
cate.

Best pair horses in harness, Marcus Downing, Fayette, premium; Jonn F. Payne, Scott
certificate.

Best pair Mares in harness — no entry.

SADDLE HORSES.

Best Stallion, four years old and upward, for saddle, E. P. Gaines, Fayette, premium; Samuel
Talbott, Bourbon, certificate.

Three years old and under four, for saddle, John F. Payne, Scott, premium; William F.
Rose, Fayette, certificate.

Two years old and under three, for saddle, Harvey Kerr, Bourbon, premium; Samuel C.
Frazer, Harrison, certificate.

One year old and under two, for saddle, W. V. Cromwell, Fayette, premium; J. A. & R.
M. Rice, Bourbon, certificate.

Colt, under one year old, for saddle, James Stepp, Clarke, premium; William R. Duncan,
certificate.

Brood Mare, four years old and upward, for saddle, R. P. Pepper, Woodford, premium;
Noah Ferguson, Fayette, certificate.

Mare, three years old and under four, for saddle, James T. Nichols, Harrison, premium;
Thomas W. Lewis, Clarke, certificate.

Mare, two years old and under three, for saddle, Hervey Kerr, Bourbon, premium; William
Metcalfe, Nicholas, certificate.

Mare, one year old and under two, for saddle, E. P. Gaines, Fayette, premium; Samuel T.
Martin, Clarke, certificate.

Mare Colt, under one year old, for saddle, Ben. P. Goff, Clarke, premium; Ben. Sudduth,
Boone, certificate.

Gelding, four years old and upward, for saddle, Roy Cluke, Bourbon, premium; Ben. T,
Vivion, Clarke, certificate.

Three years old and under four, for saddle, Logan Railey, Woodford, premium; F. B.
Quisenberry, Clarke, certificate.

Two years old and under three, H. Hedges, Bourbon, premium; W. M. Broughton, Clarke,
certificate.

Best Saddle Mare, Logan Railey, Woodford, premium; John F. Payne, Scott, certifi-
cate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Stallion, any age, John E. Darnaby, Fayette, premium; John D. Smith, Clarke, cer-
tificate.

Best Mare, any age, G. Drummond Hunt, Fayette, premium; Richard Downing, Fayette,
certificate.

Best Gelding, any age, Robert Prewitt, Fayette, premium.

364 REPORT OF THE

CRAB ORCHARD STOCK, AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

Crab Orchard, January 6, 1858.
R. W. Scott, Esq. Corresponding Secretary Ky. State Ag. Society:

Dear Sir: — There was handed me, by H. W. Farris, a letter from you, as Corres
ponding Secretary of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, requesting me, or some other
officer of the Crab Orchard Stock, Agricultural and Mechanical Association, to give you the
rise and progress of said Association.

I am not as familiar with its history as I should be to give you such information as the pub-
lic desire at my hands. The Association was organized in the year 1853, and held a Fair
near where the Fair Grounds are now situate, without any particular rule3 or regulations,
though the Association appointed committees upon the different classes of animals, and other
articles for exhibition, to award premiums upon the best and finest of the different classes of
animals and other articles exhibited.

The Society then determined to buy ground and have a permanent place for exhibition of
Stock and Agricultural Implements, &c. In 1S53 and 1854, the Society appointed a commit-
tee to solicit stock, which was done, for the purpose of buying suitable grounds and rearing
an amphitheatre, with a neat cottage for the accommodation of females. We now have eight
or ten acres neatly inclosed with a plank fence, with two entrances. The grounds are grassed
and set out with forest trees, with a splendid Chalybeate Spring, affording water sufficient for
any number of visitors, and whatever stock may be brought upon the grounds. The grounds
are situate about half a mile east of Crab Orchard, adjoining the Race Course owned by H.
W. Farris, Esq.

The officers for the year ending 1857, are as follows: Gabriel Lackey, President; F. Denny,
of Garrard, B. Goggin, of Pulaski, James Blythe, of Madison, N. Lee, of Boyle, E. Penning-
ton, of Lincoln, Vice-Presidents; Hiram Roberts, Secretary; Harvey McAllister, Treasurer;
M. V. Smith, H. P. Middleton, Timothy Pennington, John Owsley, S. 0. Middleton, R. R.
Gentry, H. W. Farris, J. Guest, of Lincoln, and J. W. Walker and Geo. W. Denny, of Gar-
rard, Directors.

We gave out, in Silver Plate, about Seven Hundred Dollars. The amount of gate fees ex-
ceeded the amount laid out for premiums at our last Fair.

You desire to know the amount of good resulting from our efforts, as an Agricultural So-
ciety, in this end of the State. I give it as my opinion, that the Society has been the means
of stirring up our farmers upon the subject of improving their breeds of horses, mules, cattle,
hogs, and sheep — so much so, that I think the country has been compensated for all the trou
ble and expense they have been at.

I,|would here remark, that the Crab Orchard Fair Grounds are as easy of access as any
Fair Grounds in the State. We have a McAdamized road from Lexington to Crab Orchard,
and one from Louisville to Crab Orchard; and, in addition to the roads, we have one of the
best Watering Places in the United States. We have four large Hotels iu the town of Crab
Orchard, besides the room at the Springs, where, I have no doubt, five hundred persons can
be comfortably stored away.

Iu conclusion, I beg of you to excuse me for having given you such an imperfect sketch of
the rise and progress of our Agricultural Society at Crab Orchard, Lincoln county, Kentucky.
I remain yours truly, &c, HIRAM ROBERTS, Secretary.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE CRAB ORCHARD STOCK, AGRICULTURAL AND ME-
CHANICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

ladies' manufactures.

Silk Quilt, best, shown by maker, ------ - - $ 10 00

Worsted Quilt, best, shown by maker, ' - 5 00

Cotton Quilt, best, shown by maker, - 5 00

Pair of Blankets, best, shown by maker, 5 00

Plaid Linsey, best, not less than ten yards, 5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. ODD

Plain Linsey, best, not less than ten yards, - - 3 00

Fine Jeans, best, not less than ten yards, 5 00

Negro Jeans, best, not less than ten yards, ....... 5 00

White Flannel, best, not less than ten yard3. - 5 00

Tow Linen, best, not less than ten yards, ....... 3 00

Flax Linen, best, not less than ten yards, 3 00

Yarn Carpet, best, not less than ten yards, 5 00

Pair of Hose, 1 00

Judges — J. M. Portman, Stanford; Delaney Lackey, Paint Lick; J. Cook, Hustonville; J.
M. Nichols, Danville; VV. H. Kinnaird, Lancaster.

TAILORING.

Gents' Coat, made and pressed by a lady, - - - - - - - $ 5 00

Gents' Coat, made and pressed by a tailor, 5 00

Judges. — A. W. Barker, Boyle; S. Hardin, Crab Orchard; Daniel Stagg, Mercer; Thoma3
Parsons, Stanford; \V. Matheny, Lexington.

HARNESS AND SADDLERY.

Set Single Harness, - $ 5 00

Gents' Saddle and Bridle, 5 00

Judges. — H. Brown, Lancaster; F. S. Kauffman, Hustonville; S. P. Barbee, Danville.

LEATHER.

Side Upper Leather, - $ 2 00

Side Sole Leather, ----.. - 2 00

Side Harness Leather, 2 00

Judges. — W. L. Rains, Boyle; Jackson Givens, Lincoln; Jenkins Vicory, Somerset.

BOOTS AND SHOES.

Gents' Fine Boots, $ 5 00

Ladies' Fine Boots, ------------ 2 50

Judges. — N. Sandifer, Lancaster; F. P. Whitcher, Danville; A. F. Horine, Crab Orchard.

dairy, etc.

Honey in the comb, 2 00

Butter imprinted, 2 00

Cheese, 2 00

Boiled Ham, stating process of curing, 2 00

Saddle Mutton, - 2 00

Loaf Wheat Bread, - 1 00

Loaf Corn Bread, 1 00

Irish Potatoes, half bushel, 2 00

Sweet Potatoes, half bushel, 2 00

Apples, half bushel, 1 00

Cabbage Heads, half dozen, ----------- l 00

Watermelon, ------ 1 00

Muskmelon, 1 00

Judges— Dr. J. M. Reid, Paint Lick; Dr. W. C. Montgomery, Crab Orchard; B. F. Proctor,
Lancaster; T. W. Varnon, Stanford; Hugh Hays, Lincoln.

agricultural implements.

Two horse Plow, 5 00

One horse Plow, - 3 00

Shovel Plow, - - - - 2 00

Harrow, ------- 2 00

Grain Cradle, 2 00

Two horse Wagon, - 5 00

Judges — Thomas Baibee, Danville; H. T. Terril, Garrard; G. W. Collier, Crab Orchard;
Thomas Baughman, Lincoln; J. R. Woods, Garrard.

SECOND DAY.

HOGS

Aged Boar, 10 00

Aged Sow, 10 00

Boar Pig, under six months old, ----- 5 00

Sow Pig, under six months old, 5 00

Largest and best fatted Hog, 10 00

Judges — R. G. Woods, Garrard; James Styce, Garrard; Joseph McAlister, Lincoln; Peter
F. Gentry, Madison; Martin McFerran, Boyle.

$6Q

REPORT OF THE

SHEEP.

Best Buck, 5 00

Best Ewe, 5 00

Pair Lambs, ----- 5 00

Best Shod Horse, 2 50

Judges — Geo. T. McRoberts, Lincoln; W. Garnett, Lincoln; W. I. Gillespie, Garrard; B.
Hawkins, Lincoln; G. A. Salter, Garrard.

CATTLE.

Bull three years old and upwards, 10 00

Bull two years old and under three, - - 10 00

Bull one year old and under two, 10 00

Bull Calf, ----- . ■ 10 00

Cow three years old and upwards, - 10 00

Heifer, two years old and under three, 10 00

Heifer, one year old and under two, 10 00

Heifer Calf, - - - 10 00

Judges— J. W. Walker, Richmond; R. G. White, Madison: N. M. Thompson, Garrard; T.
W. Varnon, Lincoln; R. Givens, Lincoln.

FATTED CATTLE AND OXEN.

Fatted Beef, 10 00

Yoke Oxen, 10 00

Judges — J. Burnsides and J. Dunn, Garrard; Thomas Lillard, Boyle; J. Gentry and Evan
Shelby, Lincoln.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Bull of any age, 10 00

Best Cow or Heifer of any age, - 10 00

Judges to be selected on the day of Exhibition.

THIRD DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Stallion, three years old and upwards, - 10 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, 10 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, 10 00

Colt, under one year old, 10 00

Mare, three years old and upwards, - - - - 10 00

Mare, two years old and under three, - - 10 00

Mare, one year old and under two, 10 00

Colt under one year old, 10 00

Judges— J. W . Grigsby, Lincoln; Capt. A. Buford, Woodford; Wm. Duke, Boyle; James A.
Grinstead, Lexington; Ben. Jenkins, Casey.

HORSES FOR HARNESS.

Stallion for harness, three years old and upwards, 10 00

Stallion for harness, two years old and under three, 10 00

Stallion for harness, one year old and under two, 10 00

Stud Colt, 10 00

Brood Mare for harness, three years old and upwards, 10 00

Brood Mare for harness, two years old and under three, - - - - - - 10 00

Brood Mare for harness, one year old and under two, - 10 00

Brood Mare under one year old, - • 10 00

Judges — Smith Alford and A. A. Beasly, Garrard; John Kendrick, Pulaski; J. J. Huffman,
Lincoln; W. W. Williams, Madison.

SWEEPSTAKES FOR ALL AGES.

Best and finest Stud, 10 00

Best and finest Mare, 10 00

Judges— J. R. Viley, Fayette; J. Embry, Garrard; E. M. Blackburn, Woodford; J. Moore,
Clarke, and W. Cook, Mercer.

MULE STOCK.

Mule, two years old and upwards, 10 00

Mule, one year old and under two, - - - - 10 00

Sucking Horse Colt, 5 00

Sucking Mare Colt, 5 00

Pair Mules, 10 00

Judges— 5. M. Welsh, Lincoln; C. Rochester, Boyle; Thomas Hays, Pulaski; R. Robinson,
Garrard; W. Shumate, Madison.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETV. 367

FOURTH DAY.

JACK STOCK.

Aged Jack, 10 00

Jack, two years old and under three, 10 00

Jack, one year old and under two, - 10 00

Jack Colt, 10 00

Aged Jennet, 10 00

Jennet, two years old and under three, 10 00

Jennet, one year old and under two, - - - - 10 00

Jennet Colt, 10 00

Judges — Jas. Harris, Lincoln; D. A. Knox, Boyle; J. Y. Leavell, Garrard; W. J. Walker,
Madison; Geo. Drye, Casey.

SWEEPSTAKE FREE FOR ALL AGES.

Best Jack, 10 00

Best Jennet, 10 00

Judges — S. C. Brown, Springfield; W. I. Moberly, Mercer; J. Baughman, Lincoln; John
Duncan, Madison; W. L. Tarkingtou, Boyle.

HARNESS HORSES.

Buf.gy Horse or Mare, 10 00

Pair Harness Horses or Mares, 10 00

Saddle Horse or Mare, 10 00

Judges — Sam. Rice, Lincoln; Jas. Smith, Garrard; John Hale, Pulaski; Dr. A. Thompson,
Mercer; Hon. J. F. Bell, Boyle.

RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

1. Any person may become a member for five years, by payment of $20, and a member for
one year by the payment of $5, to the Secretary.

2. All entries for exhibition must be made with the Secretary, before 10 o'clock, A. M.,
on the day of exhibition. All stock or articles not thus entered will be excluded from exhibi-
tion.

3. All stock or articles brought within the grounds, will be subject to the Marshal's orders.

4. No animal or article exhibited, shall be removed from the grounds until the close of that
day's exhibition, unless by a special permit from the Marshal.

5. No animal will be permitted in the exhibition ring unless well broke to the halter and
under perfect control of the groom.

6. No animal or article shall be exhibited by any other than the real owner or manufacturer,
as the case may be.

7. No animal or article shall receive a premium, unless thought worthy by the judges.

8. No partnership property shall be exhibited, without all the owners are stockholders or
members, and no individual property on partnership stock.

9. No stock or article shall be exhibited by the owner in person, except the harness and sad-
dle horses.

10. All exhibits will be made in the same order that they appear in the printed bills.

11. No person will be permitted to enter the ring except the President, Vice President, Di-
rectors, Secretary, Marshals, and Judges. The Judges will retire as soon as their awards are
made known to the Secretary.

12. No person, except Officers of the Association and acting Judges, will be permitted to
enter offices of the Association during exhibition hours.

13. No person shall make known to the Judges his or her ownership or pedigree of stock,
without thereby forfeiting the premium, if any be awarded.

14. No animal will be permitted to stand hitched to a vehicle on the grounds.

15. All spirituous liquors are expressly forbidden to be sold on the grounds, or within a half
a mile thereof, under the penalty of the law, as provided for in the charter.

16. No huckster will be permitted to vend refreshments within the grounds, without first
procuring license from the Secretary.

17. All Officers of this Association will wear white badges, Marshals red, and Judges blue.

3G8 REPORT OF THE

18. No aged animal or article, having at any previous Fair of the Association taken a pre-
mium, shall compete for a second, unless in cases of sweepstakes.

19. All vacancies in the Judges shall, by the Secretary, be reported to the Directors, who
will supply the vacancies by appointment of others.

20. Judges on animals are expected to be governed by the form, size, action, symmetry, and
adaptation to the particular sphere in which the animal may be used.

21. Judges on Mechanical and Domestic Manufactures will award according to the skill ex-
hibited in the execution, and the adaptation to useful purposes.

22. All premiums awarded will be delivered (in ware) by the Secretary, at the close of the
last clay's exhibition.

23. Stockholders and members shall supply themselves with Tickets, (which can be
done by application to the Secretary,) and upon failure so to do, pay at the gate; and money so
paid shall not be refunded.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE CRAB ORCHARD STOCK, AGRICULTURAL
AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST, DAY. .

ladies' manufactures.

Silk Quilts, two entries, Mrs. J. A. Gurry, Harrodsburg; premium; Mrs. J. Weisiger, Dan-
ville, certificate. - •

Worsted Quilt, six entries, Miss'A. Yantis, .Lancaster, premium; Mrs. W. S. Stewart, Jes-
samine, certificate.

Cotton Quilt, four entries, Miss Bettie Busket, Nicholasville, premium; Mrs. M. J. Elkin,
Garrard, certificate.

Pair Blankets, three entries, Mrs. Dr. JossllnJTVIt. .Vernon, premium; Mrs. S. Doty, Gar-
rard, certificate.

Plaid Linsey, one entry, Mrs. Dr. W. W. Owsley, premium and certificate.

Plain Linsey, two" entries, Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. J. Blythe, Madi-
son, certificate.

Fine Jeans, four entries, Mrs. I). R.- Caldwell, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. W. L.Caldwell,
Boyle, certificate.

Negro Jeans, six entries, Mrs. A. T. Irvin, Boyle, premium; Mrs. D. R. Caldwell, Lin-
coln, certificate.

White Flannel, two entries, Mrs. W. W. Owsley, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. H. Middleton,
Lincoln, certificate.

Yarn Carpet, two entries, Mrs. Roy Stewart, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. Samuel Hoomes,
Lincoln, certificate.

TAILORING.

Coat made and pressed by Gent, one entry, S. Harden, Crab Orchard, premium.
Coat made and pressed by a Lady, three entries, Mis. J. H. Yantis, Lancaster, premium;
Miss M. Dougherty, Crab Orchard, certificate.

HARNESS AND SADDLERY.

Single Harness, one entry, H. Brown, Lancaster, premium and certificate.

LEATHER.

Side Upper, three entries, William Beard, Garrard, premium; W. T. Stephenson, Crab
Orchard, certificate.

Side Sole, three entries, W. Beard, Garrard, premium; W. T. Stephenson, Crab Orchard,
certificate.

Side Harness, three entries, W. Beard, Garrard, premium; W. T. Stephenson, Crab Or
chard, certificate.

BOOTS AND SHOES.

Gents' fine Boots, two entries, N. Sandifer, Lancaster, premium and certificate.

dairy, <tc.
Honey in the Comb, one entry, A. B. Foley, Lincoln, premium and certificate
Butter, Imprinted, one entry, Mrs. M.Buchanan, Crab Orchard, premium aDd certificate
Cheese, one entry, Mrs. J. Blythe, Madison, premium and certificate.
Saddle of Mutton, one entry, Hiram Roberts, Lincoln, premium and certificate.
Loaf Wheat Bread, three entries, Mrs. J. F. Higgins, Crab Orchard, premium; Mrs. M. Bu-
chanan, Crab Orchard, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

369

Irish Potatoes, four entries, Mrs. S. D. Garpenter, Garrard, premium; Mrs. H.Roberts, Lin-
coln, certificate.

Cabbage, half dozen, four entries, Mrs. J. Baughman, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. H. Middle-
ton, Liucoln, certificate.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Two horse Plow, two entries, R. J Mars, Danville, premium and certificate.
One horse Plow, one entry, R. J. Mars, Danville, premium and certificate.
Shovel Plow, one entry, R J. Mars, Danville, premium and certificate.
Grain Cradle, one entry, Thos. Buford, Lincoln, premium and certificate.
Two horse Wagon, two entries, H. F. Cromwell, Cyuthiana, premium; G. D; & J. Smiley,
Madison, certificate.

SECOND DAY.

HOGS. ,

Aged Boar, three entries, Uriah Dunn, Lincoln, premium; S. D. Carpenter, Garrard, certifi-
cate.

Aged Sow, three entries, A. M. Feland, Lincoln, premium: Uriah Dunn, Lincoln, certifi-
cate.

Boar Pig, three entries, Frank Route, Lincoln, premium; J. M. Welch, Lincoln, certificate.

Sow Pig, two entries, Spears Fisher, Lincoln, premium; J. M.Welch, Lincoln, certificate.

Largest and best fatted Ho^, three entiies, N- J. Shropshire, premium and certificate.

SHEEP.

Best Buck, six entries, Ben. & Jesse Dunn, Garrard, premium and certificate.
Best Ewe, two entries, Ben. & Jesse Dunn, Garrard, premium; J. Pepples, Lincoln, certifi-
cate

Pair Lambs, one entry, Ben & Jesse Dunn, Garrard, premium and certificate.
Best Shod Horse, one entry, R. J. Mars, Danville, premium and certificate.

CATTLE.

Bull three years old and upwards, two entries, James McAllister, Lincoln, premium; A.Pol-
lard, Garrard, certificate.

Bull two years old and under three, one entry, R. R. Gentry, Lincoln, premium and certifi-
cate.

Bull one year old and under two, one entry, J. M. Welch, Lincoln, premium and certificate.

Bull Calf, five entries, John Baughman, Lincoln, premium; M. V. Smith, Liucoln, certifi-
cate.

Cow, three years old and upwards, two entries, Thos. K. Salter, Garrard, premium; H. T.
Terrill, Garrard, certificate.

Heifer, two years old and under three, two entries, M. V. Smith, Lincoln, premium; N. J.
Shropshire, Garrard, certificate.

Heifer, one year old and under two, one entry, N. J. Shropshire, Garrard, premium.

Heifer Calf, five entries, N. J. Shropshire, Garrard, premium; W. M. Garnett, Liucoln, cer-
tificate.

Fatted Cattle and Oxen, one entry, N. J. Shropshire, Garrard, premium.

SWEEPSTAKE.

Best Bull of any age, seven entries, John Baughman, Lincoln, premium and certificate.
Best Cow or Heifer of any age, six entries, N. J. Shropshire, Garrard, premium and certifi-
cate.

THIRD DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Stallion, three years old and upwards, one entry, II. W. Farris, Crab Orchard, premium and
certificate.

Stallion, two years old and under three, four entries, A. W. Kavanaugh, Madison, premium;
W W. Owsley, Liucoln, certificate.

Stallion, one year old and under two, one entry, John Kincaid, Boyle, premium and certifi-
cate.

Colt, under one year old, three entries, W. W. Owsley, Lincoln, premium; Harvey Helm,
Liucoln, certificate.

Blooded Mare, five entries, II. W. Farris, Crab Orchard, premium; Joseph Weisiger, Boyle,
certificate.

Blooded Mare, two years old and under three, three entries, H. W. Farris, Crab Orchard, pre-
mium; J. W. Grigsby, Lincoln, certificate.

Blooded Mare, one year old and under two, two entries, W. W. Owsley, Lincoln, premium; J.
Warren Grigsby, Lincoln, certificate.

Blooded Mare Colt, two entries, H. W, Farris, Crab Orchard, premium; Harvey Helm, Lin-
coln, certificate.

370 REPORT OF THE

HORSES FOR HARNESS.

Stallion for Harness, two entries, Dennis Nicholas, Lincoln, premium; Thos. K. Salter,
Garrard, certificate.

Stallion for Harness, two years old and under three, three entries, James Oldham, Boyle,
premium; Nixon Parmer, Garrard, certificate.

Stallion lor Harness, one year old and uuder two, two entries, Hiram Roberts, Lincoln, pre-
mium, Whip Colt; Wallace Walker, Lincoln, certificate, Highlander Colt

Stud Colts for Harness, fifteen entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; George Denny, Garrard,
certificate.

Brood Mare for Harness, three years old and upwards, two entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, pre-
mill in ; M. Sandridge, Lincoln, certificate.

Brood Mares, two years and under three, eleven entries, George Denny, Garrard, premium;
A. Burton. Garrard, certificate.

Br >od Mares, one year old and under two, three entries, Isaac Shelby, Fayette, premium; J.
E. Lee. Boyle, certificate. .

Borod Mares, under one year old, nine entries, E. II. Burnsides, Garrard, premium; M. San-
dridge, Lincoln, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKE FOR ALL AGES.

Studs, best and finest, twelve entries, Dennis Nicholas, Lincoln, premium and certificate.
Mitre, best and finest, fifteen entries, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; Isaac Shelby, Fayette,
certificate.

MULE STOCK.

Mule, two years old and upward, four entries, S. F. Lee, Boyle, premium; E. D. Pennington,
Lincoln, certificate.

Mule, one year old and under two, four entries, Joseph E. Lee, Boyle, premium; E D. Pen-
nington, Lincoln, certificate.

Sucking Horse Mule Colts, eight entries, J. Peters, Boyle, premium; A. Beasley, Garrard,
certificate.

Sucking Mire Mule Colts, twelve entries, A. W. Kavanaugh, Garrard, premium; W. S.
Adams, certificate.

Pnir Mules, two entries, E. L. Davison, Washington, premium; Alfred Cohen, Boyle, cer-
tificate.

FOURTH DAY.

JACK STOCK

Aged Jack, five entries. J. E Lee, Boyle, premium; D. A. Knox, Boyle, certificate.

Jack, two years old and uuder three, one entry, Rochester & Knox, Danville, premium and
certificate.

Jack, one year old and under two, two entries, J. M. Owens, Pulaski, premium; J. E. Leo,
Bo\le. certificate.

jack Colt, one entry, W. L. Tarkington. Boyle, premium and certificate.

Aged Jennet, one entry, Fred Adams, Garrard, premium and certificate.

Jennet, two years old and under three, two entries, Willis Thurman, Lincoln, premium; W,
L. T.nkington, Boyle, certificate.

Jennet, one year old and under two, four entries, G. M. Proctor, Bojle, premium; George
Denny, Garrard, certificate.

Jennet Colts, two entries, J. S. Baughman, Lincoln, premium; A. W. Kavanaugh, Garrard,
certificate.

SWEEPSTAKE FOR ALL AGES.

Best Jack, six entries, J. E Lee, Boyle, premium; VV. L. Tarkington, Boyle, certificate.
Be-t Jennet, seven entries, John Baughman, Lincoln, premium; W. L. Tarkington, Boyle,
certificate.

HARNESS HORSES.

Best Bucrgy Horse or Mare, two entries, Junes F. Caldwell, Boyle, premium and certificate.
P.iir Harness Horses, one entry. Col. T. E Ware, South Carolina, premium and certificate.
Best Sad. lie Horse or Mare, ten eti tries, A. H. Davenport, Boyle, premium; N. T. Lee,
Boylv, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 371

DAVIE3S COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL SOCIETY.

Cotiage Grove, Daviess County, May, 1857.
Robert W. Scott,

Cor. Secretary Kentucky State Agricultural Society:

Sir — I duly received your esteemed favor of the l'Jih, and will reply to a part of it more
fully than your letter seems to require, by giving a condensed statement in relation to the ori-
gin mid progress of the Daviess County A^rieultur.i 1 and Mechanical Society. This I do, in
fulfillment of a promise madey ou some time since, and because I believe we are the only So-
ciety of a similar character in the State but what has made such a report, which has been
published in the Western Farm Journal, the orgui of the State Society. Some of the state-
ments tliey published set forth, in glowing colors, the beauty of their grounds, improvements
and success, which is truly gratifying to all who take an interest in such matters. Daviess
Couuty Society cannot boast of any thing great or attractive. We began in an humble way;
have progressed quietly and uuostentatiou-ly, yet, under all circumstances, with a success
beyond what the originators anticipated. I may detail some matters uninteresting to many,
but intended as an encouragement to gentlemen in other portions of our State, whj desire to
get such things started, yet hold back, fearing they will be poorly supported. To such I would
say, go ahead, and take courage from our beginning.

In the spring of Idol, several gentlemen met at the house of the late Robert Triplett, in
Owensboro, who had been Vice President of the old Stale Society, (long since passed away,)
and who delivered an interesting address before said Society in Fiauklort, which address is
still extant. At said meeting preliminaries were fixed and committees appointed. In a short
time a second meeting was held; a constitution and by laws reported and accepted, with an
understanding that they were to be presented to the citizens of the town and county on the
approaching Court day. The matter failed to make a favorable impression, aud it died out;
yet the desire was w:irmly cherished in the minds of many. On Court day, September, 1853,

Mr. met Mr. in the street, and rem irked, "Well, it will never do to let our

Agricultural Society sleep the sleep of death. 1 wiil meet you here on next Court day, with-
out any formal preliminaries, and show something against you." "What have you got?" "I
have got a two year old colt, which I will exhibit." "Very well, I have got one of the same
age." Just, as that matter was agreed upon, the Hon. stepped up, matters were ex-
plained, and he responds, "1 will show my colt Larry." The match being made, they sepa-
rated to invite all lrieuds who had a big turnip, cabbage, potato, or any thing else which they
thought would compete with their neighbors, t.o bring it along. The day arrived, and it was
truly a laughable scene. No officers, no gate, no entrance money, no premiums; it was con-
fusion worse confounded; yet all went off in perfect good humor, and the company present
heartily joined in the formation of a Society, to be called the Green River Agricultural and
Mechanical Society. The following spring we had a meeting, and organized by electing offi-
cers; rented a handsome piece of ground; held a Fair in the fall of 1851, aided and encour
fl»-ed by our neighboring counties. All were satisfied, for few that attended had ever seen the
like before. We applied the following winter for a charter, but our title having been adopted
bv a Society previously chartered, had to change to that of the Daviess County Agricultural
and Mechanical Society. A very handsome piece of ground was purchased the following
spring, in which there is a beautiful elevation covered with a thick walnut grove. The grounds
were at once enclosed with a high plank fence, and wells sunk. We put up about sixty sheds
or stalls; laid off a ring — said to be larger than that at Louisville — raised a covered amphi-
theatre, about one fourth around it, which could only accommodate the ladies that assembled
in the fall of 1855. During the summer of 1856, we improved the old, and put up sixty first
rate additional stalls; improved and extended our amphitheatre three-fifths around the ring,
which scarcely accommodated half the crowd at our fall meeting. This will compel us to ex-
tend our accommodations belore next fall meeting.

1 can truly say, our Fairs have been a great benefit to our own and neighboring counties,
creating a laudable emulation in the products of the farm, garden, orchard, stock and manu

372 REPORT OF THE

ufactures, introducing labor-saving machines to the notice of working farmers, who attend
closely to their own business, the bone and sinew of our county, many of whom seldom or
ever pass its bounds, who, but for such meetings, would remain behind the improvements of
the day. Our farming community, indeed, our whole community, are plain and unpretending,
yet courteous, kind, and generally intelligent, pretty much on an equality. Our wealth con-
sists principally in a rich, light yet extremely productive soil, easy of cultivation, which is
fast being developed by the opening up of new farms, and by the increased means and intelli-
gence which the overflowing tide of new citizens pouring into our county carry with them.

These (perhaps too extended) remarks are made, as before stated, to encourage others to
go ahead, nothing doubting, after our feeble beginning.

I will, in a short time, agreeable to request, either furnish or obtain for you a statement in
regard to our soil, mineral, timber, crops and stock. I herewith give you the names of our
officers. They stand nearly as they did at our commencement. Direct to Osvensboro, which
will reach them all.

Truly, your friend, WILLIAM BELL, President.

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY.
Charlea T. Noel, President; Wm. S. Stone, J. C Talbott, and R. M. Hathaway, Vice Presi-
dents; Clinton McClarty, Recording Secretary; John H. Me Henry, Jr., Corresponding Secre-
tary; William B. Tyler, Treasurer; Nicholas G. Bosley, S. R. Ewing, Ben. Stout, F.L. Hall
Dr. Wm. C. Woolfolk, Executive Committee.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE DAVIESS COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANI-
CAL SOCIETY, FOR 1857.

CLASS A— DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

OF WOOL.

Fine Jeans, ten yards, homemade, .$3 00

Negro Jeans, ten yards, homemade, 3 00

White Linsey, ten yards, homemade, - - 2 00

Colored Linsey, ten yards, homemade, - - - 2 00

Plaid Linsey, ten yards, homemade, - • - - - - • • - - 2 00

Flannel, ten yards, homemade, .... 2 00

Pair Blankets, homemade, 3 00

Hose, homemade, 1 00

Half Hose, homemade, 1 00

Bed Spread or Coverlet, homemade, ......... 3 00

Carpet, homemade, 3 00

Hearthrug, homemade, 2 00

Judges— John Locke, S. M. Moorman, J. H. Blair, Daviess.

OF COTTON.

White Counterpane, 3 00

Cotton Hose, l 00

Cotton Half Hose, 1 00

OF HEMP AND FLAX.

Linen Diaper, homemade, ten yards, 5 00

Flax Linen, ten yards, homemade, - - - - - 3 00

Tow Linen, ten yards, homemade, ----...... 2 00

Sewing Thread, one pouud, homemade, 2 00

Raw Hemp, five pounds, homemade, ......... 3 00

Raw Flax, five pounds, 3 00

Judges — Wm. Lewis, Hartford; Young J. Cravens, Calhoon; R. Moorman, Owensboro'.

NEEDLEWORK, ETC.

Silk patchwork Quilt, ' . 10 00

If over three entries, - - - . . - 5 00

Worsted patchwork Quilt, ' - - - 10 00

If over three entries, ---........-5 00

Cotton Q'lilt, patchwork, 10 00

If over three entries, ............ 5 00

White Quilt, solid work, • - 10 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 373

If over three entries, 5 00

Linen Shirt, unstarched, made by a Lady, 2 00

Cotton Shirt, unstarched, made by a Lady, 2 00

Jeans Coat, cut and made by a Lady, 3 00

Jeans Vest, cut and made by a Lady, 2 00

Jeans Pants, cut and made by a Lady, 1 00

Fancy Bonnet, homemade, -3 00

Sun Bonnet, homemade, 100

Silk Embroidery, best specimen, 3 00

Worsted Embroidery, best specimen, 3 00

Thread Embroidery, best specimen, 3 00

Hem stiched Garment or Handkerchief, -----.--- 1 00

Ornamental Shell Work, best specimen, 2 00

Ornamental Wax Work, best specimen, 2 00

Ornamental Hair Work, best specimen, 3 00

Ornamental Leather Work, best specimen, 2 00

Judges — Miss Sallie Glass, Henderson; Miss Anna Fitzhugh, Ohio countv; Mrs. Wm. Hawes,
Hawesville; Miss Ellen Singleton, Calhoon; Mrs. Sue Stone, Daviess; Miss F. A. Kent, Da-
viess; Miss A. Perkins, Daviess; Col. John P. Thompson, Owensboro'; Cuthbert Powell, Hen-
derson; J. A. Peyton, Hardinsburg.

CLASS B— FINE ARTS.

PAINTING.

Best specimen Animal Painting, in oil, 3 00

Best specimen Animal Painting, in water color, ....... 3 00

Best specimen Landscape Painting, in oil, --------- 2 00

Best specimen Laudscape Painting, in water color, 2 00

Best specimen Monoerhromatic Painting, 2 00

Best specimen Crayon Drawing, 2 00

Best specimen Pencil Drawing, 2 00

Judges— James Weir, Owensboro'; Frank Griffin, Hartford: Wm. McClain; Henderson; W.
D. Gallagher, Pewee Valley.

CLASS C.— PRODUCTS OF THE SOIL.

GRAINS.

Bushel of Wheat, 2 00

Sample of Bread Corn in the ear, 2 00

Sample Corn for stock, - 2 00

Largest Pumpkins, 1 00

Largest yield Wheat per acre, five acres, - - - • 15 00

Largest yield Coin per acre, five acres, 15 00

Judges — J. G. Taylor, Joseph M. Dawson, and Ridgely Griffith, Daviess.

TOBACCO.

Leaf Sample, five pounds, 5 00

Leaf Shipping, five pounds, 5 00

Leaf Manufacturing, five pounds, .......... 5 flfl

Leaf Cigar, five pounds, 5 00

Judges— John Rudy, Henderson; Larkin Nail, Hartford; Samuel McAdams, Hawesville;
Ben. Biansford, Owensboro'; John H. MuFarland, Daviess.

GARDEN.

Irish Potatoes, one bushel, 2 00

Irish Potatoes largest yield of one acre, - - 5 00

Sweet Potatoes, one bushel, 1 00

Cabbage, six heads, 1 00

Tomatoes, one peck, - - - - 100

Celery, six bunches, ........ ...-2 00

Turnips, one peck, 100

Onions, one peck, 100

Beets, one peek, 100

ORCHARD.

Best display of winter Apples, 2 00

Display of greatest variety, 3 00

Best half bushel of apples, 100

Largest Apples, 100

Display best Peaches, 3 00

Display best Pears, .---3 00

Display best Grapes, --2 00

374

REPORT OF THE

Judges — D. L. Adair, Hancock; Wm. Hell, Daviess; Ezekiel Fleming, Rumscy; W. B.
Woodruff, Henderson; A. M. Jackson, Muhlenburg.

FLOWERS.

Display Green house Flowers, in pots, 2 00

Roeps, ten best varieties, ....... ...-2 00

Dahlias, twelve dissimilar blossom, - 2 00

Dahlias, greatest variety, --2 00

Cut Flowers, greatest variety, --2 00

Verbenas, greatest varietv, 2 00

Boquet, - - 2 00

Judges — Miss Goorgiana Shelly, Henderson; Miss Jane Ingram, Henderson; Miss Irene
Calhoun. Calhoon; Miss Patsey Sterret, Hawesville; MUs Hart Murray, Owensboro'; Miss
Sallie May, Daviess; Miss Clara Hawes, Daviess; Miss M. Stonebridge, Daviess.

CLASS D.— FAMILY PRODUCTS.

DAIRY.

Putter, five pounds, 2 00

Cheese, five pounds, 2 00

Honey, five pounds, ............2 00

Preserves, three kinds, .......... - - 3 00

Pickles, three kinds, - 3 00

Jellies, three kinds, 3 00

Preserved Fruit, in cans, ........... 5 00

Judges — Mrs. Woolfolk, Daviess; Mrs. Alf . Allen, Hardinsburg; Mrs. John G. Halloway,
Henderson.

PANTRY.

Pound Cake, - 2 00

Fruit Cake, 2 00

Sponge Cnke, - 2 00

Loaf of Wheat Bread, 2 00

Loaf Corn Bread, 2 00

Best Ham, cooked, -, 3 00

Kentuckv Wine, best display, 3 00

Barrel of Flour, 2 00

Judges — John P. Devereux, Daviess; Alfred Allen, Hardinsburg; A. J. Anderson, Hender-
son; Thomas H. Pointer, Owensboro'.

CLASS E.— MECHANICAL.

CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, AC.

Buggy, - 10 00

Lot of Harness, single, 5 00

Saddle and Bridle, 5 00

LEATHER.

Side Sole Leather. 2 00

Side Upper Leather, 2 00

Calf Skin, 2 00

Judges — W. D. Stirman, Owensboro'; Martin P. Rucker, Henderson; E, Funk, Jeffer-
son.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Wagon, two horse, 5 00

Horse Cart, 3 00

Plow, two horse, sod, 5 00

Plow, two horse, stubbble, 5 00

Plow, two horse, sub soil, 5 00

Plow, one horse, -5 00

Harrow, 3 00

Roller, 5 00

Cultivator, 2 00

Hay Ritke, 3 00

Farm Gate, plan, 3 00

Judges — William Fields, Ohio county; Wm Talbott, Daviess; Minor E. Pate, Hancock;
John G. Holloway, Henderson; Joseph B. Bennet, Ohio county.

IRON CASTINGS.

Sperimen of Hollow-ware, 3 00

Cooking Range or Stove, --5 00

Judges — William J. Duke, Daviess; J. W. Jones, Owensboro'.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

CLASS F.— MULES.

Horse Mule, three years old and upward, -- 10 00

Horse Mate, two years old and under three, 10 00

Horse Mule, one year old and under two, ... .... 5 00

Horse Mule, un ler one year old, ----------5 00

Mare Mule, three years old and upward, ----10 00

Mare Mule, two years old and under three, 10 00

Mare Mule, one year old and under two, 5 00

Mare Mule, under one year old, -5 00

Pair Broke Mules, 10 00

J/z</(/es— Bennet Stevens, Ohio; Walker Glover, McLean; Sam. Hawes, Daviess; Jackson
McLean, Henderson; Ben. Wathen, Breckinridge.

CLASS G.— ASSES.

JACKS.

Jack, four years old and upward, 10 0D

Jack, three years old and under four, 10 00

Jack, two years old and under three, 10 00

Jack, one year old and under two, 5 00

Jack, under one year old, 5 00

JENNETS.

Jennet, three years old and upward, 5 00

Jennet, two years old and under three, 5 00

Jennet, one year old and under two, -- 5 00

Jennet, under one year old, ......... . . 5 00

Judges— Philip Lightf'oot, Breckinridge; Wm. Berry, Ohio county.; John Folden, Hender-
son; Enoch Kendall, Daviess; Robert Beauchamp, Hancock; Stephen C. Brown, Springfield.

SECOND DAY.
CLASS II— CATTLE.

BULLS.

Bull, four years old and upward, 10 00

Bull, three years old and under fonr, 10 00

Bull, two years old and under three, 10 00

Bull, one year old and under two, 10 00

Bull, under one year, 10 09

COWS AND HEIFERS.

Four years old and upward, 10 00

Three years old and under four, ...... ...-10 00

Two years old and under three, 10 00

One year old and under two, ........... 10 00

Under one year old, 10 00

WORK OXEN.

Yoke of Oxen, four years and upwards, 10 00

Yoke of Oxen, under four years, 10 00

FAT CATTLE.

Fat Bullock, four years old and upward, 5 00

Fat Bullock, three years old and under four, 5 00

Fat Bullock, two years old and under three, 5 00

Best Milch Cow, .... 10 00

Judges — A J. Anderson, Henderson; Richard Hawes, Bourbon; R. A. Alexander, Wood-
ford; ri. D. Williamson, Indiana; Win. Bell, Daviess; D. F. Todd, Daviess; Gibson Taylor,
Union.

SWEEPSTAKES FOR CATTLE.

Best Bull of any age, 10 00

Best Cow of any age, 10 00

Judges— Brutus I. Clay, Bourbon; I. Shelby Todd, Shelby; John T. Bate, Jefferson; John
Allen, Daviess; Wm. C. Norris, Ovveusboro'.

CLASS I.— SHEEP.

LONG WOOL SHEEP.

Buck, over two years old, 5 00

Buck, under two years old, ...... ... - - 5 00

Ewe, over two years old, -. 5 00

376 REPORT OF THE

Ewe, under two years old, 5 00

Pair Lambs, -" - 5 GO

SHORT WOOL SHEEP.

Back, over two years, • 5 00

Buck, under two years, - 5 00

Ewe, over two years, - -- - - - - - - - - 5 00

Ewe. under two vears, 5 00

Pair Lambs, - 5 00

Judges — R. W. Scott, Franklin; W. T. Barret, Henderson; E. M. Covington, Bowlinggreen;
Richard M. Wathen, Breckinridge; Wm. A. Bradshaw, Daviess.

CLASS J.— HOGS.

Boar, over two years, - - - 10 00

Boar, one year old and under two, JO 00

Boar, six months old and under one year, 5 00

sows, <tc.

Bow, over two years, 5 00

Sow, one year old and under two, 5 00

Sow, six months old and under one year, • 5 00

Pair Pigs, under six months old, - - 5 00

Bow, with litter of Pigs, • JO 00

FAT HOGS.

Three best fatted Hogs, - JO 00

Largest Hog, 10 00

Judges — John Dell, Breckinridge; Robert Beauchamp, Hancock; Jos. Weaver, Daviess;
Peyton J. Henderson, Breckinridge; Dr. S. O. Peyton, tiaitford.

CLASS K.— HORSES.

THOROUGH BRED HORSES.

(With pedigree.)

Stallion, four years old and upward, - - - 20 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, 20 00

Stallion, two years old and under there, JO 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, - - - Id 00

Stallion, under one year old, JO 00

Mare, four years old and upward, ..... 20 00

Mare, three years old and under four, 2'l 00

Mare, two years old and under three, - - • - - • - - - 10 00

Mare, one year old and under two, 10 00

Mare, under one year old, JO 00

blooded horses, (without pedigree )

Stallion, four year3 old and upwards, 10 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, - Ill 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, 10 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, - 10 00

Stallion, under one year, - - 5 00

Mare, four years old and upwards, 10 00

Mare, three years old and under four, ID 00

Mare, two years old and under three, 10 00

Mare, one year old and under two, - • 10 00

Mare, under one year, --..--..-..-500

Judges — Gibson Mallory, Jefferson; R. A. Alexander, Woodford; John McClarty, Breck-
inridge; Edwin Foote, Breckinridge; R. J. Clarkson, Meade; G. Payne, Union; James Baa-
combe, Muhlenburg.

THIRD DAY.

DRAFT HORSE3.

Stallion, four years old and upwards, 10 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, 10 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, - - - - 10 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, 1(1 00

Stallion, under one year, .......500

Mare, four years old and upwards, - - - - - - - » • -JO 00

Mare, three years old and under four, JO 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, 6 i 7

Mare, two years old and under three, - 10 00

Male, one year old and under two, 10 00

Mare, under one year old, 5 00

Gelding, over four years, 10 00

Gelding, over three years and under four, - • Ill 00

Gelding, over two years and under three, 10 00

Judges — Ben. Hicks, Henderson; George Smith, Hancock; W. J. Edson, Hartford; Thos.
M. Shoemaker, Daviess; '1 nomas Carrier, Daviess.

FINE HORSES FOR ALL WORK.

Stallion, over four years old, 10 00

Stallion, three years and under four, 10 00

Stallion, two years and under three, ......... 10 00

Mare, over four years, ............ 10 00

Mare, three years and under four, 10 00

M.ire, two years and under three, - - • - - - - - - -10 00

Gelding, over four years, 10 00

Gelding, three years and under four, - - 10 00

Gelding, two years and under three, - - - - 10 00

Judges — Byrd Chambers, Henderson; Elias Dorsey, Jefferson: Hugh W. McNary, Muhlen
burg; J. G. Taylor aud N. M. Lancaster, Daviess.

HARNESS HORSES.

Stallion, over four years, 10 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, - - - - 10 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, - 10 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Stallion, under one year old, • - - - 5 00

Mare, over four years, ........--.- 10 00

Mare, three years old and under four, ....... - 10 00

Mare, two years old and under three, - - • - - - - - - 10 00

Mare, one year old and under two, ....-- ... - 10 00

Mare, under one year old, ........... 5 00

Gelding, over four years old, 1(1 00

Gelding, three years old and under two, ......... Ill 00

Gelding, two years old and under three, - • - - 10 00

Pair matched Horses, 10 00

Pair matched Mares, 10 00

Best Buggv Horse, 10 00

Best Buggy Mare, 10 00

Judges — J. Thomas Nelson, Charles H. Howell, Henderson; J. Walker Taylor, McLean;
M. Maxwell, Louisville; John W. Schenk, Daviess.

SADDLE HORSES.

Stallion, over four years old, -..-.-...-. 10 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, ......... 10 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, 10 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, - - 10 00

Stallion, under one year old, 5 00

Mare, over four years old, - - • - - - 10 00

Mare, three years old and under four, - 10 00

Mare, two years old and under three, 10 00

Mare, one year old aud under two, 10 00

Mare, under one year old, ....... .-..5 00

Gelding, over lour years old, ----------- 10 00

Gelding, three years old and under four, - 10 00

Gelding, two years old and under three, 10 00

Judges — Dr. Robt McFarland, Henderson; J. W Wilkins, Hopkins; Richard Spalding,
Union; Smith Garit, Evansvllle; VVm. Cummings, Daviess.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Stallion of any age, 10 00

Mare of any age, 10 00

Gelding of any age, 10 00

Judges— Dr. L Powell, Louisville; W. B. McLean, Muhlenburg; Wm. Shelly, Henderson;
John McAllister, Henderson; Wm. F. Hawed, Hancock; Jeff. Cox, Daviess; S. S. Walkina,
Oweusboro'.

378 REPORT OF THE

REGULATIONS OF THE SOCIETY.

1. The exhibition will commence each day at 9 o'clock, by which time, to avoid delays and
confusion, all entries should be made. Entries for the first day's exhibition maybe made with
the Secretary for two days previous to the Fair.

2. The Judges are requested to report themselves to the President, at his office, on the day
on which they are to act.

3. All premiums from five dollars and upwards will be paid in plate; all under that sum, in
gold coin or medals, at the option of the claimant.

4. Life members of the Association shall be entitled to make two entries each, and for all
other entries, shall pay as persons not members.

5. All persons competing for premiums will be charged as follows: For premiums of .$1,
25 cents; for premiums of $2, 50 cents; for premiums of $3, Si; for premiums of $5, $2;
for premiums of $10, $5; for premiums over $10, $10.

6. Members of the Association are not permitted to compete for a premium with an article
or animal of which they are not the real owner, without payment of the regular charge for
entry.

7. No premium shall be awarded where but one article or animal is exhibited, unless the
Judges shall decide such article or animal worthy of a premium.

8. Marks of any kind, or other indication of ownership, will be rigidly excluded from ar-
ticles exhibited for premiums.

9. Sales at auction for the benefit of those desiring to dispose of stock or other articles, will
be made daily during the recess for dinner. Those desiring the services of the auctiouer will
give notice at the Secretary's office.

10. Ample accommodations will be provided for all stock brought from a distance for exhi-
bition; and feed of all kinds will be furnished at the lowest market prices. Stalls for stock
will be furnished at the following rates : Stalls without doors, 50 cents; stalls with doors, $1,
during the Fair.

11. The officers of County and State Associations are invited to attend, report themselves
to the Secretary, and receive tickets of admission.

12. The Executive Committee will fill all vacancies that may occur in the officers or list of
Judges duiing the Fair.

13. All animals exhibited, except hogs and sheep, shall be halter broken.

14. Exhibitors will be particular to enter their stock in the proper class.

15. All Judges will be entitled to receive a ticket of admission to the grounds.

16. No person who is an exhibitor can act as Judge in the class in which he exhibits.

17. When the Judges of Stock have agreed upon their award in each class, they will report
to the Marshal, who shall proclaim the names of the persons entitled to premiums, and furnish
the names to the Secretary in person.

18. The President or one of the officers shall attend each Awarding Committee, in viewing
the different classes of stock and articles.

19. Exhibitors will place in the hands of the groom a card containing the age of all animals
under four years old.

20. No person shall enter the ring to show his own stock; and in violation of the rule, will
forfeit the premium. Provided, that this rule is not to be construed as prohibiting any one
from driving his harness or riding his saddle horse.

21. If any one shall make known to the Judges his ownership of stock, or the pedigree
thereof, he shall not be entitled to a premium thereon.

22. No stallion, mare, bull or cow, jack or jennet, four years old, shall be permitted to com-
pete for a premium, unless it has proven itself a breeder, excepting mares exhibited in the
ring of thorough blooded horses.

23. No departure will be made from the published list.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 6 i 9

TERMS OF ADMISSION.

Each annual member shall be admitted free of charge.

Each life member, and all members of his family, except males over twenty one years,
shall be admitted ."ree of charge.

No member shall be al nitt^d to the Fair Ground? without his certificate of membership.

Members' tickets will be furnished on application to the Recording Secretary, Clinton Mc-
Clarty, and the production to him of the Treasurer's receipt for annual dues.

Offices will be open in the town of Owensboro for the sale of tickets.

No money received at the gates.

The charges for admission to the grounds are as follows : Each person on foot, 2">c; each
person on horse, 35c; buggy, horse and driver, 59c ; family carriage and driver, 75c; omni-
bus, per day, $5; hack, per day, $3.

The owner of each omnibus or hack will be required to pay 25c. for each passenger carried
into the grounds.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE DAVIESS COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND ME-
CHANICAL SOCIETY, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

Negro Jeans, ten yards, Jos. M. Dawson, Daviess, premium.

Flannel, ten yards, A. Carter, premium.

Half Hose. Mrs. M. T. Lambert, premium; Mrs. G. C. Brooks, certificate.

Btd Spread Coverlet, T. G Guthrie, premium and certificate.

Hearth Rug, Miss Mary May, premium

Cotton Hose, Mrs. Wm. Newton, premium.

Sewing Thread, Abram Carter, premium.

Hemp, five pounds, VV'm. Bell, premium.

Silk Patchwork Quilt, Mrs. P. H. Mayo, McLean, premium; J. P. Thompson, certificate.

Worsted Patchwork Quilt, Mrs. R. M. Hathaway, Daviess, premium; Mrs. Nina Tyler, cer-
tificate.

Cotton Quilt, Patchwork, Mrs. R. II. Hazle, Diviess, premium; Mrs. N. H. Lee, certificate.

White Quilt, solid work, Mrs. Chas. Gates, Daviess, premium; Mrs. G. C. Guthrie, Da-
viess, certificate.

Linen Shirt, made by a lady, Mrs. S. G. Harrison, premium.

Cotton Shirt, made by a lady, Mis. R Ewing, premium.

Vest, cut and made by a lady, Miss R. Perkins. Diviess, premium.

Jeaus Pants, cut and made by a lady, Mrs. J. Weber, premium; Mrs. R. Allen, certificate

FINK ARTS.

Grecian Oil Painting, Flower Vase, Miss Lide F. Imbler, premium.
Grecian Oil Painting, Miss Greni, premium.

Landscape Painting, oil colors, Miss Puss Triplett, premium and certificate.
Monochromatic, Miss J. Allen, premium.

Crayon Drawing. Miss Puss Triplett, premium; Miss J. Allen, certificate.
Worsted Embroidery, Miss Mary E. McClarty, Breckinridge, premium.
Complimentary Premium, Miss Mary E. Palmer, Sprinjjfield.
Silk Embroidery, Miss A. C. PerHns, premium; Mrs. W. C- Woolfolk, certificate.
English Embroidery, Mrs. J. Lewis, McLean, premium; Miss A. Thomas, Breckinridge,,
cert'ficate.

French Embroidery, Mrs S. S. Watkins, premium.

PRODUCTS 0F THE SOIL.

Bushel of Wheat, Wm. Harrel, premium; W. 'I' McKay, certificate.

Bread Corn, B. G. Yeager, premium; E. C. Pendleton, certificate.

Stock Coin, H. F. McKay, premium.

Pumpkins, M. Fuqua, premium; H. Yewell, certificate.

Sample Leaf Tobacco, E. Cr.ibtree, premium; f\ H. Lockett, certificate.

Largest yield of Coin per acre, R. P. Sharp, premium.

Tobacco Leaf, Shipping, Geo. S. Callioon, Daviess, premium; Jas. E. Sutton, certificate.

Leaf Manufacturing, Larkin Field, Daviess, premium; W. II. Barnett, certificate.

Leaf Cigir, Ben. W. Hawes. Daviess, premium.

Irish Potatoes, one bushel, H. Clay Elliott, Daviess, premium, Geo. W. Triplett, certificate.

Sweet Potatoes, John R. llilo, Daviess, premium.

Cabbage, six heads. Wm. Bell, Daviess, premium; Col. Wm. Ewing, Daviess, certificate.

Tomatoes, one peck, J. A. Thompson, premium.

380 EPORT OF THE

Onions, one peck, H. C. Elliott, Daviess, premium; Frank Thixton, Daviess, certificate.

Apples, best, F. Lockett Hall, Daviess, premium.

Peaches, best, Geo. W. Howard, Daviess, premium; D. S. Allen, Daviess, certificate.

Grape-!, Win. Hell, Diviess, premium.

Boquet, Mrs. Nini Tyler and Sue Stone, Daviess, premium.

Butler, Mrs. R. E. Graves, Daviess, premium; Mrs. Wm. Bell. Daviess, certificate.

Preserves, Mrs. E. W. flawes, Daviess, premium; Mrs. R. Griffiih, D tviess, certificate.

Pickles, Mrs. E. VV. Ilawes, Diviess, premium; Mrs. W.C. Woodruff, Daviess, certificate.

Pound Cake, S. & F. Guenther, Daviess, premium.

Best Cooked Ham, Mrs. A. 0. Easton, Daviess, premium; Mrs. Jas. Weir, Daviess, certificate..

Bear, BuggV, H. Martin, Louisville, premium.

Leather, Mirarn Kellani, Davie.S*. premium.

Plow, two horse sod, Brinley & Davis, Daviess, premium.

Plow, two horse stubble, Brinley & Davis, Diviess, premium.

Plow, one horse stubble, Brinley & Davis, Daviess, premium.

Cultivator, Brinley & Davis, Daviess, premium.

MULES AND JACKS.

Mule, two years old and under three, W. W. Shoemaker, Diviess, premium.

Mare Mule, three years and upwards, Jac >b Talbott, Daviess, premium.

Mare Mule, two years and under three, T. S. Moorman, Breckinridge, premium.

Mare Mule, under one year, R. S. Small, Daviess, premium; II. II. Chatham, D.ivies3, cer-
tificate.

Jack, four years old and over, Nathan Divine, Jefferson, premium.

Jack, three years old and under four, Nathan Divine Jefferson, premium.

Jack, two years old and under three, John R. Woodward, Daviess, premium; Nathan Di-
vine, certificate.

Jenny, three years old and over, J. H Bell, Daviess, premium.

SECOND DAY.

Blooded Bulls, four years old and upwards, A. II. Peyton, Breckinridge, premium.

Blooded Bulls, three and under four, S. 1) Williamson, Indiana, premium.

Blooded Bulls, one and under two, John R. Shamz, Daviess, premium.

Blooded Bulls, under one year, Brown and Davidson, Washington, premium and certificate.

Cows and Heifers, four years old and upwards, Brown & Davidson, Washington, premium
and certificate.

Cows and Heifers, three years and under four, John W. Johnson, premium.

Cows and Heifers, two years and under three, A. B. Barrett, Henderson, premium; Brown
& Davidson, Washington, certificate.

Cows and Heifers, one year old and under two, A. B. Barrett, Henderson, premium; C.
Woodward, certificate.

Heifers, under one year old, John W. Johnson, McLean, premium; J. C.Guthrie, certificate.

Grade Bulls, three years and under four, Wm. Bell, Daviess, premium.

Grade Bulls, two years and under three, Brown & Davidson, Washington, premium.

Grade Bulls, one year and under two, II. Beard, Daviess, premium; Wm Fields, Daviess,
certificate.

Cows, three years old and under four, Brown &. Davidson, Washington, premium.

Cow under one year old, Wm. II. Chatham, Daviess, premium; Thos. C. Guthrie, Daviess,
certificate.

Yoke of Oxen, over four years old, W. W. Shoemaker, Daviess, premium.

Yoke of Oxen under four, John Allen, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES FOR CATTLE, <fcC.

A. B. Barrett, Henderson, premium; Nantz & Moore, certificate.
Cows, A. B. Barrett, Henderson, premium; Brown & Davidson, certificate.
Sheep, buck over two years, J. II. Bell, Hancock, premium; C. F. Todd, Daviess, certi-
ficate.
Sh )rt wool Ewe, two years oil, M. M. Reymld-s, premium.
Boar, over two years old, Willis Field, premium.

Boar, one year old and under two, J.B. McCrocklin, premium; J. T. Dawson, certificate.
Boar, six months and under one year, A. D. Barrett, premium.
Sow, over two years old, J. B McCrocklin, premium.
Sow, six months and under one year, A. B. Burett, premium.
Pair Pigs uutler six months old. Whayne & Tudd, premium.
Three best fatted Hugs. J. B. McCrocklin, premium.
Largest Hog, J. B. McCrocklin, premium.

THOROUGH BRED HORSES.

Stallion under one year of age, R. S. Boyd, Hancock, premium; Byrd Chambers, Hender-
son, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 381

Mare, four years and over, Thomas S. Phillips, Daviess, premium; Ed. Funk, Jefferson,
certificate.

Mare, three years and under four, Jesse A. Moorman, Breckinridge, premium and certificate.

Mare, Uo years and under three, VV. B. McLean, Muhlenburg, premium; B. Fisher, Breck-
inridge, certificate.

Mare, one year old and under two, Thomas A. Jones, premium.

Mare, one year old, R Griffith, premium; B. Fisher, certificate.

Thorough bred Horses, with pedigree, T. S. Phillips, Daviess, premium,

Mare, four years old and upwards, W. S. Stone, Davies3, premium; E. A. Hathaway, Da-
viess, certificate.

Two years old and under three, George A. Hoke, Daviess, premium.

Mare, under one year old, E. A. Hathaway, premium and certificate.

Bloooded Horses, without pedigree — Stallion over four years, James Sandwich, Hardin, pre-
mium; Joseph S. Haydon, Daviess, certificate.

Stallion, three years and under four, Win. J. Eidson, Ohio county, premiim; Benj. Elder,
Meade, certificate.

Stallion, two years old and under three, A., II. Stower3, Daviess, premium; Wm. Sutherland,
Daviess, certificate.

Stallion, one year old and under two, Wm. C. Woolfolk, Daviess, premium; C. E. Hamble-
ton, Breckinridge, certificate.

THIRD DAY.

DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion, four years old and upwards, R. VV. Paiks, premium; C. P. Williams, Jefferson, cer-
tificate.

Stallion, four years old and upwards, J. J. Berrv, premium.

Stallion, two years old and under three, J. A. Moorman, Breckinridge, premium; Jno. Hay-
don, Breckenridge, certificate.

Stallion, one year and under two, W. C. Woolfolk, Daviess, premium.

Stallion, under one year, R. S. Boyd, Hancock, premium; E. T. Eastin, Daviess, certifi-
cate.

Mare, over four years old, W. Sutherland, Daviess, premium; Henry Dugan, certificate.

Mare, three years old and under four, J. A. Moorman, Breckinridge, premium; Jno. T. May,
Daviess, certificate.

Mare, over three years and under four, W. B. McLean, Ohio county, premium.

Mare, one year and under two, J. A. Moorman, Breckinridge, premium.

Mare, under one year, R. S Boyd, Hancock, premium.

Draft Brood Mare, J. Taylor, Jr., premium.

Draft Gelding, over four years, J. A. Wilhite, Daviess, premium; W. H. Monarch, certifi-
cate.

Gelding, over three years and under four, T. P. Morgan, premium; N. G. Barclay, certifi-
cate.

Gelding, two years and under three, Dr. Brodnax, Oldham, premium; J. Howard, certificate,

Best Pair Match Horses, W. B. Woodruff, Henderson, premium; G. Murphy, Daviess, cer-
tificate.

Best Pair M;itch Mares, G. E. Funk, Jefferson, premium.

Best Buggy Horse, J. L. Phillips, Daviess, premium; J. P. Thompson, certificate.

Best Buggy Mare, R. Griffith, Daviess, premium; C. Phillips, certificate.

FINE HORSES FOR ALL WORK.

Stallion, over four years old, J. Havdon, Daviess, premium; G. W. Seet, certificate.

Stallion, over three years old, W. Eidson, Ohio county, premium.

Stallion, over two years old, J. A. Moorman, Breckinridge, premium; A. Stowers, Daviess,
certificate.

Stallion over one year and under two, W. C. Woolfolk, Daviess, premium.

Stallion under one year old, R. S.Boyd, Hancock, premium; B. Chambers, Henderson,
certificate.

Mare, four years old and upwards, II. Dugan, Daviess, premium; A. II. Talbott, certifi-
cate.

Mare, three years old and under four ; M. Lancaster, premium; S. Newton, certificate.

Mare, two years old and under three, B. Fisher, Breckinridge, premium; W. B. xMcLean,
Ohio county, certificate.

Mare, one year old and under two, J. A. Moorman, Breckinridge, premium.

Mare, under one year old, J. Jones, premium.

Saddle and Brood Mare, C. S. Phillips, premium.

HARNESS HORSES.

Stallion, three years old and under four, G. W. Seet, premium; Sharp & Dodson, certifi-
cate.

382 REPORT OF THE

Stallion, two years old, and under three, W. J. EiJaon, Ohio, premium; D. Webb, certifi-
cate.

Stallion, one year old and under two, J. A. Moorman, Breekinridge, premium; W. O.
Phelon, certificate.

Stallion, one year old and under two. \V. C. Woolfolk, premium.

FOURTH D\Y.

HtH1R« H >r?SRN.

Mare, over four years old, Howard Hithwiv, Daviess, premium.

Mare, over three years old and under lour, Sharp &, Dodson, Daviess, premium; W. H.
Confers, Daviess, certificate.

Mire, over two years old and under three, Barnett Tishew, Bieckiniidge, premium.

Mare, one year old and under two, Thomas A.Jones, Daviess, premium; J. A. Moorman,
Breckinridge, certificate.

Mare, under one \ear old, C. S. Phillips, Daviess, premium; John Lee, certificate.

Gelding, over lour years old, J. S. Lightfoot, Breckinridge, premium; tJ. P. Hart, Daviess.,
certificate.

Gelding, three years old and under four, J. B. Denny, Union, premium; Thomas II. Poin-
ter. Daviess, certificate.

Pair Match Horses, VV. B. Woodruff, Henderson, premium; G. W. Humphrey, Daviess,
certificate-.

Pair Match Mares, G. E. Funk, Jefferson, premium.

Buggy Horse, Thomas L Phillips, Daviess, premium; John P. Thompson, certificate.

Buggy Mare, C. S. Phillips, Daviess, premium; R. Griffith, certificate.

SADDLF. HOUSES.

Stallion, over four years old, H. W. Noiton, Jefferson, premium; G. W. Sect, Daviess, cer
cate.

Stallion, three years old and under four, William Wood, Jefferson, premium; Benj. Edcr,
Meade, certificate.

Stallion, two years old and under three, J. Drew, Union, premium; H. Sutherland, Da
viess, certificate.

Stallion, under one year old, H. D. Taylor, Ohio, premium; E. F. Eastin, Daviess, certifi
cate.

Mare, over four years old, II. D. Taylor, Ohio, premium; Willis Fields, Daviess, certifi-
cate.

Mare, three years old and under four, Miles Lancaster, Daviess, premium; Jesse Moor-
man, Breckinridge, certificate.

Mire, two years old and under three. J. W. Lashbrook, D ivies', premium.

Mare, one year old and ui.der two, William Wood; Jefferson, premium; tl. T. Carpenter s
certificate.

Mare, under one year old, Harrison Yewell, premium.

Gelding, over four years old, Benjamin Stout, Daviess, premium; Josiah Veech, Daviess.,
certificate.

Gelding, three years old and under four, Thomas H. Pointer, premium.

Gelding, two years old and under three, J. R. Lancaster, Daviess, premium; W. II. Chat-
ham, Daviess, certificate.

Sweepstakes for Stallions, John Owen, Daviess, premium; W. B. McLean, Ohio, certifi
cate.

Sweepstakes for Mares, W. B. McLean, Ohio, premium; Jesse Moorman, Breckinridge,
certificate.

Sweepstakes for Geldings, Benjamin Stout, Daviess, premium; Josiah Veech, certifi-
cate.

From the Owensboro' National Democrat.
THE AGRICULTURAL FAIR.

We are gratified to announce that the fair held at this place during the past week was suc-
cessful beyond the hopes of tlie most sanguine. From a combination of reasoiH.it was fdred
that the attendance would be small, and the exhibition of stock poor; but in truth we think
that the show of stock, take it all in all, was better than it has been at any previous exhibi-
tion.

There was some dissatisfaction among some persons, on account of the high price for the
entrance of stock and the insignificance of the awards; and at first we were disposed to make
bo me Strictures upon the Executive Committee, on account of the parsimony, which we deem-
ed was unworthy of them, and a prostitution of the object of associations of ti.is character;
believing upon the first blush, that the managers of the society were making it a matter of
speculation, rather than the means of promoting the agricultural interest of the cou.ity. But*

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. o83

upon investigation, we are satisfied that the committee, in all of their transactions, from a
sen*e of duty, were prompted by the best motives.

The truth is, the Society was "behind hand," and the Executive Committee acted upon the
principle tint a heavy entrance fee and low premiums was the speediest and surest way to dis-
encumber themselves from debt. We believe that they were mistaken i:i the view which they
took and think that they themselves are now satisfied of it.

During the progress of the fair, the premiums were doubled in all rings where there was any
competition, and next year, as we understand irom one of the officers of the Society, the pre-
miums a ill be raised to fifty dollars It' this will be the case, we are satisfied the fair will be
eminently successful. If the premiums are raised to anything like a reasonable sum, stock
can tie brought from a distance, for the owners of fine stock can afford to bring it.

We have not yet heard the report of the Treasurer, but the entrance arrangements were so
much superior to what thev have ever been before, that we arc satisfied the receipts were larger
than they were the pieccding year. Or one thing we are satisfied, gentlemen with blue lib-
bons upon the lappel of their coats were not near so common.

lr, was given one that the fair would not extend beyond three days, but it was found impossi-
ble to get through in that length of time, andjit was extended to a fourth day

Upon the first day, the attendance was respectable, and the exhibition of fruits, vegetables,
and the handy work of the ladies, was larger and better than at any previous fair. The me-
chanical department was not so well filled as we should like to have seen it, and we hope that
our home mechanics, at least, will show more interest hereafter, than they hitherto have done.
We have as good mechanics here as can be found, and we see no reason why they should not
exhibit more interest in this department.

The second day the attendance was better than on the first. This day was awarded to the
exhibition of cattle, sheep, hogs, &c. In these rings there was not a great deal of competi-
tion; but some of the cattle exhibited was as fine as any in the State. Much of it was from
the herds of Messrs. Alexander and Clay. Messrs. Brown and Davidson sent down a herd of
thirty eight cattle, to be shown heie, many of them of the finest blood; hut, unlortunately for
them, not more than six or eight of their cattle were broken to the halter, and consequently it
could not be shown Everything they sent into the ring, however, was pretty sure to get one
or the other of (he ribbons.

On the third day, which was set apart for the exhibition of horses, the crowd commenced
pouring in eariy in the morning, and by 'J o'clock the amphitheatre was perfectly jammed.
The horse show was far superior to anything of the kind ever seen in this section. The com-
petition was very great, and the judges were often siumpped to award betweeD the competitors.

'I he lair closed with a grand sweepstake for all the premium animals. We publish this
week a list of the owners, and believe they are about correct. If any errors have occurred,
we will take pleasure in collecting them in a future issue.

V\ e have heard of but little "rumbling concerning the decisions of judges, and believe that,
with biUi few excerptions, general satisfaction vvasgiveii.

During the progress of the fair, we htve heard of no circumstance to mar the whole pro-
ceedings. Everv thing pissed off smoothly, and was conducted with the most decorous pro-
priety The officers did everything in their power to render perfect satisfaction to visitors,
and competitors for premiums, and deserve commendation for the manner in which they dis-
charged iheir duties.

The Koekport Bind, who '.vere engaged to discourse the crowd with their most delightful
music, added much to the enjoyment of all.

From the Henderson Reporter.

Daviess County Fair — The Agricultural Kair for Daviess County commenced on Tecs-
day, the tith Oct., at the fine grounds near Owensboro-, and was largely attended. The stock,
machinery, agricultural products, &c , were very fine and reflected credit upon the exhibitors.

'I he citizens ol Owensboro did all in their power to make the time of their guests pass
pleasantly. The Messmore House deserves especial mention. All other public houses did
their hest to be comfortable and hospitable. In the way of amusements, there was a ball — a
delightful ball — thronged With some of the most beautiful women and gallant men in tho
Green River country; a perform nice of Buiwer's beautiful drama, " The Lady of Lyons," at
the Thespian, &.<• . <!fce. The proprietor of the Repot ter, who was present at the Kair and
amusements, is high in his praises of the energy, skill and hospitality of the citizens of Owens-
boro and Daviess county.

384 REPORT OF THE

FULTON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

Hickman, Ky., November 20, 1857.
R. VV. Scott, Corresponding Secretary K. S.A. Society:

Dear Sir — Enclosed you will find a published list of the premiums awarded by the Fulton
County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, at its last annual Fair, held on the 21st,
22d, 23d, and 24th of October, near the city of Hickman.

This Society was organized the 14th of April last, by article of association, which article
allowed the stockholders to elect a Board of Directors, consisting of eleven of their number,
to transact all necessary business for the Society.

The Board is, R. B. Alexander, President; A. D. Kingman, Vice President; 0. F. Young,
J. H. Doods, Thos. Reid, W. B. McConnell, J. W. Gourley, W. J. N. Welborn, John Ray,
W. L. Alexander, and W. R. McDaniel, Directors.

The Board, since its organization, has bought eight and five tenths acres of land for Fair
Grounds, and made considerable improvements upon it. They have built enclosures, erected
stands and opened roads, so' that the ground is accessible from all points. The improvements,
thus far, have been only of a temporary character; but since the success of the Annual Exhi-
bition, which was attended by a large number of persons — all manifesting much interest in
the Exhibition — the Board contemplate making extensive and permanent improvements. The
competition was large in all the departments, from the orchard, garden, shop, farm and field.

The receipts, thus far, have been far beyond the expenditures, and the Society 13 greatly
encouraged by its flattering beginning.

I have just received your communication from a friend of our deceased Secretary, in whose
place I have but recently been elected, which I hepe, will be a sufficient explanation of seem-
ing delay and brevity.

Your most obedient servant, CLINTON L. RANDLE, Secretary.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE FULTON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANI-
CAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

ladies' manufactures.

Five yards home made Jeans, - - • $ 3 00

Five yards home made Linsey, - 2 00

Five yards home made Flannel, - - 3 <0

Pair home made Blankets, - - 3 00

Ten yards home made Woolen Carpeting, -------- 5 00

Ten yards home made Rag Carpeting, - - - - • - - - - 3 00

Home made Hearth Rug, --------.-.. 1 00

Pair home made VVooler. Hose, ---------- 1 00

Pair home made Woolen Half Hose, 1 00

Ten yards home made plain Cotton Cloth, ........ 1 00

Ten yards home-made Flax Cloth, .......... 2 (10

Home made White Counterpane, --..... - - - 2 00

Judges — Mesdames James White, Z. C. Watson, Fulton; John Wakefield, Hickman; C. A.
Brevard, Horace Lawson.

NEEDLE WORK-

Patch Quilt, 2 00

White Quilt, 2 00

Suit of Clothes made bv Tailor, 3 00

Coat made by Lady, 2 00

Silk Embroidery, 2 00

Worsted Embroidery, - ----- 2 00

Linen Embroidery, 2 00

Pair Shoes made by Lady, 2 00

Judges — Mesdames Proctor, Hickman; Franck Roulhac, Misses Nannie Wilson, Caroline
McConnell, Click Brevard.

DAIRY.

Five pounds Butter, I 00

Five pounds Cheese, 100

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 385

Five pounds Honey, - 100

One jar Preserves, -----100

One jar Pickles, 1 00

Preserved Fruits, in can, 1 00

Judges — Mesdames C. J. Coker, Samuel De Bow, C. Prather, E. I. Bullock, Alfred Bre-
vard.

FRUITS.

One bushel Apples, 1 00

One bushel Peaches, 100

One basket Grapes, 1 00

Judges — B. F. Easly, John Wakefield, H. H. Wilson, Mercules Hays, Jesse Sams.

PANTRY.

One Pound Cake, 1 00

One Sponge Cake, 1 00

One Loaf Wheat Bread, 1 00

One Loaf Corn Bread, 1 00

One boiled Ham, t 1 00

One Roast Turkey, 1 00

Six bottles Kentucky Wine, ' - - 3 00

Six bottles Kentucky Cider, 3 00

One barrel Flour, 3 00

Judges — Board of Directory.

GARDEN PRODUCTS.

One bushel Irish Potatoes, 1 00

One bushel Sweet Potatoes, 1 00

Five head of Cabbage, - - - - 1 00

One peck of Tomatoes, 1 00

One peck of Turnips, - 1 00

One peck of Parsnips, 1 00

One peck of Onions, .----------. i 00

One peck of Carrots, 1 00

One peck of Beets, 1 00

Watermelons, - 1 00

Muskmelons, 1 00

Squash, 1 00

Judges — Proctor, Hickman; Joseph. Fulks, William Harper, Obion; Alfred Gardner, James
White.

PRODUCTS OF THE FIELD.

One bushel Wheat, 1 00

One bushel Oats, 1 00

One bushel Rye, ----- 1 00

One bushel Buckwheat, 1 00

Fifty ears Bread Corn, 1 00

Largest Pumpkin, - 1 00

One bushel Clover Seed, 2 00

One bushel Timothy Seed, 1 00

One bushel Blue Grass Seed, 1 00

Ten pounds Hemp, - 1 00

Ten pounds Flax, - - - 1 00

Ten pounds Leaf Tobacco, 5 00

One box Manufactured Tobacco, ---------- 5 00

Judges — Samuel De Bow, Esq., George B. Moss, William Martin, E. P. Latham, Geo. H.
Carey.

CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.

Two horse Carriage, 6 00

One horse Buggy, 5 00

One set Harness, ---........ - - 5 00

One Bridle and Saddle, 5 00

Judges — Joseph Kirkpatrick, John Davis, Hickman; J. C. Simmons, Weakley ; J. P. Coch-
ran, Fulton; W. C. Drury, Obion.

SECOND DAY.

SHEEP.

Buck, two years and over, - 5 00

Buck, under three years, 3 00

Ewe, two years and over. - 5 00

Ewe, under two years, ----50

386 REPORT OF THE

Pair Lambs, 5 00

Three fat Sheep, 5 00

Judges — James Thaylkeld, Obion; Thomas G. McClure, Weakley; Owen Miles, Fulton ;
Felix Baird, Weakley; Ed. Crossland, Hickman.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Buck and Ewe, - - - 10 00

.Judges — Johu Shaw, G. Henderson, H. Ingram.

HOGS.

Boar, two years old and upwards, ■ - - - 5 00

Boar, one year old and under two, 5 00

Boar, six months and under one year, 5 00

Sow, two years old and upward, .......... 5 00

Sow, one year old and under two, 5 00

Sow, six months and under one year, - 5 00

Three best Fat Hogs, - 5 00

Judges — John Akers, Graves; R. N. Lewis, Obion; Levi Molder, Missouri; John Shaw, Ful-
ton; Hudson Johnson, Hickman.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Boar and Sow, 10 00

Judges — C. J. Coker, John T. Holeman, Samuel Lauderdale.

CATTLE.

Bull, four years old and upward, 5 00

Bull, three years old and under four, 5 00

Bull two years old and under three, 5 00

Bull, one year old and under two, 5 00

Bull,. under one year old, - - - - - - - 5 00

Cow, four years old and upwards, 5 00

Cow, three years old and under lour, - - - 5 00

Cow, two years old and under three, - - 5 00

Cow, one year old and under two, 5 00

Cow, under one year old, - - 5 00

Fat Bullock, Free Martin and Spaved Heifer, 5 00

Yoke Work Oxen, - - - 5 00

Milch Cow, 5 00

Judges — J. H. Montgomery, J. W. Powell, Fulton; Scott Ray, Obion; Thomas Davis, Hick-
man; Martin Laberear, Graves.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Bull, of any age, $ 10 00

Best Cow, of any age, - - 10 00

Judges — Robert Matson, W. M. Samuels, Jerome Watson, W. W. Gleeson, W. F. Wood-

FINE HORSES FOR ALL WORK.

Stallion, four years old and upwards, $ 8 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, ....... 6 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, -------- 5 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, ........ 5 00

Stallion, under one year, .......... 5 00

Mare, four years old and upwards, --------- 6 00

Mare, three years old and under four, - 5 00

Mare, two years old and under three, 5 00

Mare, one year old and under two, - 5 00

Mare, under one year, - - 5 00

Judges — Marine Thomas, Graves; C. J. Coker, Fulton; George B. Moss, Hickman; Alfred
Gardner, Weakley; Robt. Lewis, Obion.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Four Horse Wagon, $5 00

Two Horse Wagon, • 5 00

One Horse Cart, 3 00

Two Horse Turning Plow, 2 00

Two Horse New Ground Plows, 2 00

One Horse Turning Plow, 2 00

Harrow, 3 00

Farm Gate, 2 00

Judges— C. M. Woodring, S. Burrus, Obion; Thos. Tyler, Fulton; W. H. H. Taylor, Hick-
man; Wm. A. Cocke.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 387

CABINET AND CARPENTER8 WORK.

Wardrobe, $ 3 00

Bureau, 3 00

Chairs, half-dozen, split bottom, - 3 00

Mantle piece, 3 00

Door Pattern, 2 00

Tight Barrel, for liquids, ... ...... 1 00

Flour Barrels, 1 00

Judges. — M. Pierpont; Jesse Edmonston, Fulton; D. Zimmerman, Hickman; J. J. Jen-
nings; Frank Smith, Obion.

CASTINGS.

Cooking Stove, $ 5 00

Parlor Stove, 3 00

Judges. — Robert A. Hutchison; W. M. Samuels, Hickman; Samuel Landrum; S. Burrus;
Wm. Robinson.

LEATHER.

Side of Sole Leather, - / $ 1 00

Side of Upper Leather, 1 00

Side of Harness Leather, 1 00

Side of Skirting Leather, - 1 00

Pai r Men's Boots, 1 00

Judges. — Alfred Brevard, W. B. Blakemore, L. A. Nelson, A. S. Anderson, Mat. Adams.

POULTRY.

Pair of Turkeys, $ 1 00

Pair of Ducks, 1 00

Pair of Geese, ■ - 1 00

Pair of Chickens, 1 00

Judges. — T. R. Upshaw; M. L. Stoner, Hickman; C. A. Brevard; J. W. Bransford; James
Curlin, Obion.

THIRD DAY.

ASSES.

Jack, four years and upwards, $ 8 00

Jack, three years old and under four, -------- 6 00

Jack, two years old and under three, -------- 5 00

Jack, one year old and under two, 5 00

Jack, under one year, 5 00

Jennet, four years and upwards, 6 00

Jennet, three years and under four, - 5 00

Jennet, two years and under three, 5 00

Jennet, one year old and under two, ...._... 5 00

Jennet, under one year, 5 00

Judges. — Gab. Henderson, Obion; Hudson Johnson, Hickman; R. S. McConnell, Fulton;
Jos. Hughes, Graves; Joshua Gardner, Weakley.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Jack, of any age, $ 10 00

Best Jennet, of any age, 10 00

Judges. — Daniel Glenn, H. O. Earle, John McGehee, John S. Holeman, Thos. Davis.

MULES.

Mule, three years old and upwards, $ 5 00

Mule, two years old and under three, 5 00

Mule, one year old and under two, 5 00

Mule, under one year, 5 00

Pair Broke Mules, 5 00

Judges. — John Motherel, Obion; H. D. Stovall, Weakley; Hercules Hays, Esq., Hickman;
Noah Norman; J. C. Harris, Fulton.

Best Saddle Mule, $ 5 00

Judges. — J. M. Alexander, Dr. Lillard, Charles Tally.

DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion, four years old and upwards, $8 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, 6 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, 5 00

Stalliffn, one year old and under two, 5 00

Stallion, under one year, 5 00

Mare, four year and upwards, - 8 00

Mare, three years and under four, 6 00

Mare, two year old and under three, 5 00

055 REPORT OF THE

Mare, one year old and under two, 5 00

Mare, under one year, 5 00

Judges. — John Barnes; Samuel Lauderdale, Dyer; Charles Talley, Obion; E. Crutchfield,
Graves; Thos. Jordan, Hickman.

FOURTH DAY.

SADDLE HORSES.

Best Stallion, $ 8 00

Best Gelding, 5 00

Best Mare, 5 00

Judges — J. M. Alexander, Fulton; James Moss, Hickman; P. Ledsinger, Dyer; D. L. Sha-
ver, Weakley; Chas. N. Gibbs, Obion.

HARNESS AND BUGGY HORSES.

Best pair Match Horses, $ 6 00

Best pair Match Mares, 6 00

Best Buggy Horse or Mare, 5 00

Judges. — J. B. Herreford, Hickman; H. C. McCutchen, Weakley; Samuel Morse, Graves;
Geo. H. Carey, Obion; J. W. Gourley.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Stallion, of any age, $ 10 00

Best Mare, of any age, 10 00

Judges.— Geo. W. Puckett, N. N. Cowgill, E. I. Bullock, Peter W. Mott, N. M. Morse.

.ESSAYS.

Best Essay on Agriculture, $ 5 00

Judges. — W. G. Roulhac, Alfred Gardner, Proctor, Hickman.

RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

1. Each member and his family shall have free admission to the Fair Grounds and the right
to exhibit stock and other articles without charge.

2. Persons desiring to become Annual Members must do so before the first day of October
next.

3. Books for entry of stock and other articles will be opened ten days before the Fair, and
exhibitors must make all entries before 9 o'clock of the day of exhibition.

4. All stock and other articles must be entered by the owner.

5. All articles of Agriculture and Manufactures must be entered by the producer or manu.
facturer — and manufactured articles must have been made within two years prior to the exhi-
bition.

6. Exhibitors will be particular to make their entries in the proper class.

7. The hall for reception of articles will be opened by 8 o'clock on each day of the Fair.

8. All articles must be labelled and entered before received by the Superintendent of the
Hall.

9. All Judges are requested to report themselves to the Board on the grounds by 9 o'clock
of the day on which they are to act.

10. No person who is an exhibitor can act as a judge in the class in which he exhibits.

11. When the Judges have agreed upon their awards in each class, they will report to th e
Marshal who shall proclaim the names of those entitled to premiums and certificates, and they
shall also furnish the names to the Secretary in person.

12. The Judges will in every case be required to furnish a separate list of their awards to
the Secretary.

13. No person will be permitted to go into the ring while stock is exhibiting except Judges,
Officers of the Society, and the Groom.

14. The gate of the ring will be closed in ten minutes after the call of the stock, &c, by the
Marshal.

15. No stock will be permitted to enter the ring unless under halter and in care of a Groom
except young mules, colts, hogs aad sheep.

16. No animal will be permitted to enter but one class except in sweepstakes.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETF. 389

17. No person will be permitted to enter the ring to exhibit his own stock, and in violation
of this rule will forfeit his premium: Provided, That this rule shall not apply to a person
driving his buggy or carriage, or riding his saddle horse.

18. No person shall make know to the Judges his ownership or pedigree of stock, or he
shall forfeit his premium.

19. No Stallion, Mare, Jack, Jennet, Bull or Cow, four years old or over, shall be permit-
ted to compete for a premium except in sweepstakes, unless it has proven itself a breeder.

20. No premium shall be awarded unless the Judges deem it worthy of it.

21. All articles and animals shall remain on the grounds until permitted to leave by the
President.

22. All articles and animals that took premiums at this Fair last year, shall be prohibited
from competition in the same class at this Fair.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE FULTON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND ME-
CHANICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

Five yards home made Jeans, five entries, Mrs. A. A. Brevard, Obion county, Tennessee,
premium; Mrs. Ann Miles, Obion county, Tenn., certificate.

Six yards home-made Linsey, three entries, Mrs. James White, Fulton, Ky., premium; Mrs.
Martha Adams, Fulton, Ky, certificate.

One pair home made Blankets, four entries, Mrs. W. L. Alexander, Fulton, Ky., premium;
Mrs. W. J. Lunsford, Fulton, Ky, certificate.

Ten yards Woolen Carpeting, three entries, Mrs. Jo. Roulhac, Fulton, Ky., premium; Mrs.
S. Burrus, Obion county, Tenn., certificate.

One pair home made Woolen Hose, three entries, Mrs. Margaret Kimberlin, Fulton, Ky.,
premium; Mrs. R. E. Leet, Fulton, Ky., certificate.

One pair Woolen Half-Hose, eight entries, Mrs. Sarah Brevard, Fulton, Ky., premium; Mrs.
Margaret Kimberlin, certificate.

Ten yards home made Striped Cotton Cloth, Mrs. N. Bonduraut, Fulton, Ky., premium.

Ten yards home made Flax Cloth, Mrs. Nathan Scarce, Fulton, Ky., premium.

Home-made White Counterpane, Mrs. Margaret Kimberlin, Fulton, Ky., premium; Mrs.
Mary Glenn, Obion county, Tenn., certificate

Patch Quilt, nine entries, Mrs. William Croom, Fulton, premium; Mrs. Thomas Seay,
Hickman, certificate.

Silk Embroidery, five entries, Mrs. J. W. Wingate, Fulton, premium; Miss Emma Kendall,
Fulton, certificate.

Linen Embroidery, Miss Redford, Fulton, premium.

Five pounds Butter, seven entries, Mrs. Thomas Prather, Fulton, premium; Mrs. M. J.
Lunsford, Fulton, certificate.

Jar of Preserves, three entries, Miss Redford, Fulton, premium; Mrs. M. P. Fuqua, certifi-
cate.

Jar Apple Jelly, Mrs. J. M. Alexander, Fulton, premium.

Jar Pickles, Mrs. R. B. Alexander, Fulton, certificate.

One bushel Apples, G. W. Puckett, Obion county, Tenn., premium; L. W. Roach, Fulton,
certificate.

Pound Cake, three entries, Miss Nancy Adams, Fulton, premium; Messrs. Kleinknecht &
Geiger, Fulton, certificate.

Sponge Cake, Mrs. V. L. Stephens, Fulton, premium.

Boiled Ham, R. B. Alexander, Fulton, premium; Mrs. A. F. Davie, Fulton, premium.

One quarter Kidd boiled, Mrs R. B. Alexander, Fulton, premium.

Six bottles Kentucky Wine, W. J. Lunsford, Fulton, premium.

One barrel Flour, Neil Casey, Fulton, premium and certificate.

One bushel Irish Potatoes, four entries, A. J. Knox, Obion county, Tenn., premium; E. M.
Barns, Fulton, certificate.

One bushel Sweet Potatoes, five entries, W. Samuels, Hickman, premium; Obadiah Clark,
Fulton, certificate.

Five head Cabbage, three entries, A. A. Brevard, Obion county, Tenn., premium; Mrs. Jas.
White, Fulton, certificate.

One peck Tomatoes, Mrs. James White, Fulton, premium.

One peck Parsnips, Mrs. J. F. Marrs, Fulton, premium.

One peck Onions, Mrs. R. B. Alexander, Fulton, premium.

One peck Beets, four entries, W. Samuels, Hickman, premium; Mrs. A. A. Brevard, Obion
county, Tenn., certificate.

390 REPORT OF THE

Water Melon, J. R. Shaw, Fulton, premium.

Squash, Obadiah Clarke, Fulton, premium and certificate.

One bushel Wheat, four entries, W. J. Lunsford, Fulton, premium; Horace Lawson, Obion
county, Tenn., certificate.

One bushel Oats, Thos. A. Tyler, Fulton, premium; Obadiah Clark, Fulton, certificate.

Bread Corn, eleven entries, L. W. Roach, Fulton, premium; Obadiah Clark, Fulton, certifi-
cate.

Largest Pumpkin, seven entries, W. J. Lunsford, Fulton, premium and certificate.

Bale of Hay, John Ray, Obion county, Tenn., premium; A. Shuck, Fulton, certificate.

Leaf Tobacco, seven entries, John Ridgeway, Graves, premium; John A. Board, Fulton,
certificate.

Two-horse Carriage, Joseph Kirkpatrick, Fulton, certificate.

One horse Buggy, Josoph Kirkpatrick, Fulton, premium.

One set Single Harness, A. S. Anderson, Fulton, premium.

One sec Double Harness, A. S. Anderson, Fulton, premium.

Lady's Saddle, A. S. Anderson, Fulton, certificate.

Man's Saddle, A. S. Anderson, Fulton, certificate.

Sorgho Syrup, N. N. Cowgill, Fulton, Ky., premium.

One bottle Catsup, J. M. Alexander, Fulton, Ky., premium.

One bushel Dried Apples, E. H. Wilson, Fulton, Ky., premium; Mrs. Martha McConnell,
Fu Hon, certificate.

Best Soap, Mrs. M. Fuqua, Fulton, Ky., premium.

Flower Vase, Mrs. J. Wingate, Fulton, Ky., •premium and certificate.

Coral Basket, Mrs. J. Wingate, Fulton, Ky., premium.

Painting, Mrs. R. P. Watson, Fulton, Ky., premium; Mrs. J. Wingate, Fulton, Ky., cer-
tificate.

Nuby, Miss S. Burrus, Obion county, Tennessee, premium.

Silk Quilt, Mrs, Thomas Seay, Hickman, Ky., premium.

Fly Brush, Mrs. A. A. Brevard, Obion county, Tennessee, premium; Mrs. James White,
Fulton, Ky., certificate.

Child's Hat, Mrs. R. E. Buffom, Fulton, premium.

Artificial Flowers, seven entries, Miss Redford, Fulton, Ky., premium; Mrs. Josiah Parker,
Fulton, Ky., certificate.

Cotton Hose, four entries, Mrs. A. A. Brevard, Obion county, Tennessee, premium and
certificate.

Ottoman Cover, Miss Anna C. Allen, Hickman, premium.

Yarn Coverlet, five entries, Mrs. Julia D. Bondurant, premium; Mr3. A. J. Roper, certifi-
cate.

Yarn Counterpane, four entries, Mrs. James White, Fulton, premium; Mrs. S. Burrus,
Obion county, Tennessee, certificate.

Linen Sewing Thread, Miss Martha McClelland, Fulton, premium.

Linen Bosom Shirt, Miss Vic Stephens, Fulton, premium; Mrs. McClanahan, Fulton, cer-
tificate.

Embroidered Skirt, Miss Rachel Stannard, Fulton, premium.

SECOND DAY.

SHEEP.

Buck, two years old and upward, Reid & Easley, Fulton, premium; Douglass Zimmerman,
Hickman, certificate.

Buck, under two years old, Thomas A. Tyler, Fulton, premium.

Ewe, two years old and over, four entries,' Reid & Easley, Fulton, premium and certifi-
cate.

Ewe, two years old and under, Reid & Easley, Fulton, premium and certificate.

One pair Lambs, three entries, Reid &. Easley, Fulton, premium; N. N. Cowgill, Fulton,
certificate.

Three Fat Sheep, Reid & Easley, Fulton, premium.

HOGS.

Boar, two years old and upward, W. L. Alexander, Fulton, premium.

Boar, six months and under one year old, R. S. McConnell, Fulton, premium.

Sow, two years old and over, W. L. Alexander, Fulton, premium.

Sow, six months and under one year old, R. S. McCoDnell, Fulton, premium.

Three Fat Hogs, G. S. Miles, Fulton, premium.

CATTLE.

Bull, four years old and upward, Douglass Zimmerman, Hickman, premium; J. H. Proctor,
Hickman, certificate.

Bull, three years old and upward, Reid & Easley, Fulton, premium.
Bull, two years old and under three, G. Kennedy, Fulton, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 391

Bull, one year old and under two, Reid & Easley, Fulton, premium; Douglass Zimmerman.
Hickman, certificate.

Bull, under one year old, J. W. Proctor, 'Hickman, premium; W.Samuels, Hickman, cer-
tificate.

Cow, four years old and upward, J. W. Proctor, Hickman, premium.

Cow, three years old and under four, Reid & Easley, Fulton, premium.

Cow, two years old and under three, Douglass Zimmerman, Hickman, premium; J. W.
Proctor, Hickman, certificate.

Cow, one year old and under two, four entries, J. W. Proctor, Hickman, premium and cer-
tificate.

Cow, under one year old, four entries, J. W. Proctor, Hickman, premium; B. W. Maddox,
Fulcon, certificate.

Fat Bullock, Free Martin or Spayed Heifer, Reid & Easley, Fulton, premium and certifi-
cate.

Yoke Oxen, W. J. Lunsford, Fulton, premium; Thomas Prather, Fulton, certifi-
cate.

Milch Cow, W. Samuels, Fulton, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Bull, of any age, Reid & Easley, premium; G. Kennedy, Hickman, certificate.

Cow, of any age, W. Samuels, Hickman, premium; Reid & Easley, Fulton, certifi-
cate-
Stallion, four years old and upward, six entries, W. H Ross, Hickman, premium; Samuel
Shickles, Fulton, certificate.

Stallion, two years old and under three, six entries, G. Kennedy, Hickman, premium; A.
Shuck, Fulton, certificate.

Stallion, one year old and under two, Ben. T. St. Johns, Obion county, Tennessee, pre
mium; Thomas Prather, Fulton, certificate.

Stallion, under one year old, R. W. Easley, Fulton, premium; W. J. Lunsford, Fulton, cer-
tificate.

Mares, four years old and upward, twelve entries, Reid & Easley, Fulton, premium; J. G.
McMurray, Fulton, certificate.

Mares, three years old and under four, Chas. Gibbs, Obion county, Tenn., premium; A. J.
Roper, Fulton, certificate.

Mares, two years old and under three, five entries, Reid & Easley, Fulton, premium; W. L.
Alexander, Fulton, certificate.

Mares, one year old and under two, six entries, James R. Hale, Obion county, Tenn., pre-
mium; James W. Mays, Fulton, certificate.

Mares, under one year old, fourteen entries, Hardin Maddox, Fulton, premium; W. L.
Fields, Fulton, certificate.

CABINET WORK.

One Bureau, A. G. Payne & Co., Fulton, premium and certificate.

POULTRY.

One Pair Turkeys, A. Shuck, Fulton, premium.
One Pair Geese, L. W. Roach, Fulton, premium.
One Pair Chickens, Jona Davie, Fulton, premium.

THIRD DAY.

Jacks, four years old and upward, S. Burrus, Obion county, Tenn., premium; S. Elkin, Obion
county, Tenn., certificate.

Jacks, three years old and under, C. T. Seay, Hickman, premium; W. L. Alexander, Fulton
certificate.

Jacks, two years old and under three, A. A. Brevard, Obion county, Tenn., premium.

Jacks, under one year. Daniel St. John, Obion county, Tenn., certificate.

Jennets, four years old and upward, W. L. Alexander, Fulton, premium; Reuben Ross,
Hickman, certificate.

Jennets, two years old and under three, R. B. Alexander, Fulton, premium; D. St. John.
Obion county, Tenn., certificate.

Jennets, under one year, W. L. Alexander, Fulton, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Jack of any age, R. B. Alexander, premium.

» DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion, four years old and upward, Sylvester Allen, Mississippi county, Mo., premium.

DRAFT MARES.

Mare3, four years old and upward, J. A. Board, Fulton, premium; M. Adams, Fulton, certi-
ficate.

392 REPORT OF THE

Mares, three years old and under four, O. Clark, Fulton, premium.
Mares, one year old and under two, R. S. McConnell, premium.

MULES.

Horse Mules, three years old and upward, John Barns, Fulton, premium.
Horse Mule, two years old and under three, R. S. McConnell, Fulton, premium.
Mare Mules, three years old and upwards, B. W. Maddox, Fulton, certificate.
Mare Mules, two years old and under three, G. W. Norman, Fulton premium.
Mare Mules, one year old and under two, R. S. McConnell, Fulton, premium; J. T. Mc-
Murray, certificate.
Mare Mules, under one year, John Roper, Fulton, premium; James Mahan, certificate.

HORSEMANSHIP.

Graceful Horsemanship, twenty-one entries. Premium awarded by the Ladies to Wm. A.
Brevard, Fulton; H. Woolridge, Graves, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

Saddle Stallion, four entries, R. C. Finch, Fulton, premium; R. W. Hewlet, Weakley, cer-
tificate.

Saddle Gelding, fourteen entries, H. Woolridge, Graves, premium.

Saddle Mare, nine entries, Neal Cason, Fulton, premium; Master John Cowgill, certificate

PAIR MATCH HORSES.

Match Horses, W. C. Drury, Obion county, Tenn., premium; Dr. Wm. Marr, certificate.
Match Mares, C. N. Gibbs, Obion county, Tenn., premium.

Buggy Horse, five entries, Geo. Kennedy, Hickman, premium; R. E. Finch, Fulton, certi-
ficate.
Buggy Mares, three entries, J. M. Alexander, premium; R. W. Hewlet, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Stallion of any age, three entries, Edward Jones, Obion county, Tenn., premium; S.
Allen, Mississippi county, Mo., certificate.

Best Mare of any age, three entries, Reid & Easley; premium; J. W. Alexander, certificate.

Model Gelding, three entries, Geo. Kennedy, Hickman, premium; R. E. Finch, Fulton, cer-
tificate.

Best Saddle Pony, G. W. Redford, Fulton, premium; D. C. Phillips, New Madrid county,
Mo., certificate.

Graceful Horsemanship, twenty entries. Premium awarded by the Ladies to Andrew Jack-
son Stephens, of Fulton; certificate to James Jones, of Fulton.

Best Gentlemen Equestrian. Premium to H.]Wooldridge, Graves; certificate to Dr. Thos.
Rivers, Fulton.

GLENVILLE STOCK ASSOCIATION.

R. W. Scott, Esq. Corresponding Secretary Ky. State Ag. Society:

Dear Sir: — The Glenville Stock Association was organized in the spring of 1856,
and held their First Exhibition the 24th of May, 1856, at which time they awarded seventy-
five dollars' worth of premiums in cups. There were exhibited about one hundred and forty
head of stock, with about two thousand people in attendance. The Second Exhibition was
held the 6th of June, 1857, at which was awarded about seventy five dollars' worth of pre-
miums, paid in agricultural papers. There was one hundred and sixty head of stock exhibit-
ed, and about three thousand persons in attendance.

The officers for the present year are — Dr. C. D. Case, President, Glenville; W. H. Jones,
Vice President; Jas. C Bascom, Secretary and Treasurer; John H.Wakefield, Jonathan Dod-
son, Milton Rogers, James Minor, and Joseph Duncan, Directors.

There was but one day at each exhibition. The association does not own any land, nor
have they made any improvements. They have held each exhibition in a beautiful grove be
longing to Mr. J. H. Wakefield, near Glenville, in Washington county, Kentucky. The price
of membership (annual) has been One dollar. They contemplate increasing the fee for mem-
bership and also the premiums, but still expect to pay them in papers and books, as we believe
we are doing more good in that way than in the exhibition itself.

Yours, truly, JAMES C. BASCOM, Secretary.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. d\)6

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE GLENVILLE STOCK ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

SHEEP.

Bucks, one entry, Henry Moore, Washington, premium.

Lambs, three entries, Joseph McClasky, Nelson, premium and certificate.

JACKS.

Jacks over six and under eighteen months, three entries, Stephen C. Browne, Washington,
premium; J. C. Bascom, Washington, certificate.

MULES.

Mare Mules under six months, ten entries, Stephen C. Browne, Washington, premium; W.
H. Jones, Nelson, certificate.

Horse Mule under six months, nine entries, Jos. McClosky, Nelson, premium; Stephen C.
Browne, Washington, certificate.

CATTLE.

Cow over three years, six entries, W. H. Jones, Nelson, premium; Dr. C. D. Case, Wash-
ington, certificate.

Bull Calves under six months, five entries, J. M. Bishop, Nelson, premium; J. Dodson, Nel-
son, certificate.

Bull Calves over six and under eighteen months, four entries, C. B. McClasky, Nelson, pre-
mium; J. Bowman, Nelson, certificate.

Heifer Calves under six mouths, three entries, James C. Bascom, Washington, premium;
J. Dodson, Nelson, certificate.

Heifer Calves over six and under eighteen months, ten entries, Milton Rogers, Washington,
premium; W. H. Jones, Nelson, certificate.

HORSES.

Fine Horse Colts under six months, fourteen entries, James M. Bishop, Nelson, premium;
Wm. 0. McMeekin, Shelby, certificate.

Fine Horse Colts over six and under eighteen months, seven entries, Jonathan Browne, Nel-
son, premium; John Parrot, Washington, certificate.

Fine Horse Colts over eighteen and under twenty seven months, five entries, Peyton Mc-
Meekin, Nelson, premium; James Cooper, Nelson, certificate.

Stallions over three years, six~ entries, J. M. Bishop, Nelson, premium; James C. Bascom,
Washington, certificate.

Fine Mare Colts under six months, fifteen entries, Wm. O. McMeekin, Shelby, premium;
A. L. Tichnor, Nelson, certificate.

Fine Mare Colts over six and under eighteen months, nine entries, James Nickols, Nelson,
premium; Jacob S. Barlow, Washington, certificate.

Fine Mare Colts eighteen and under twenty-seven mouths, three entries, Joseph McClasky,
Nelson, premium; William Pile, Washington, certificate.

Brood Mares, fourteen entries, Wm. 0. McMeekin, Shelby/premium; F. B. Mitchell, Wash-
ington, certificate.

Horse Colts for all work, under six months, fourteen entries, Wm. 0. McMeekin, Shelby,
premium; A . L. Tichnor, Nelson, certificate.

Horse Colts for all work, over six and under eighteen months, seven entries, Jas. Minor,
Nelson, premium; John Parrot, Washington, certificate.

Horse Colts for all work, over eighteen and under twenty-seven months, five entries, cut out
from a show by being behind the limited time given to each to get in the ring.

Mare Colts for all work, under six months, fifteen entries, A. L. Tichnor, Nelson, premium;
W. B. McMeekin, Washington, certificate.

Mare Colts for all work, over six and under eighteen months, nine entries, Jacob S. Barlow,
Washington, premium; Harvey Stone, Nelson, certificate.

Mare Colts for all work, over eighteen and under twenty-seven months, two entries, Wm.
Pile, Washington, premium; Robert C. Harrell, Nelson, certificate.

Saddle Horses or Mare3, fifteen entries, Henry Duncan, jNelson, premium; H. L. Ray, Wash
ington, certificate.

Buggy Horses or Mares, seven entries, J. D. Oilman, Jefferson, premium; J. J. Tichnor,
Nelson, certificate.

From the Western Farm Journal, of June, 1857.
GLENVILLE JUNE FAIR.
Iu another part of this week's Farm Journal, we publish a full report of the entries and
awards made at the Glenville Stock Fair, held on the 6th inst., from Mr. James C. Bascom, the
Secretary. There appears to have been a very spirited competition between Washington and
Nelson counties. Shelby was also on hand, as she is apt to be when there is good stock to be
seen, and carried off several of the premiums. We thank Mr. Bascom for his report. The
plan of paying the premiums in good agricultural papers, instead of the small articles of sil-

394 REPORT OF THE

verware usually dispensed on such occasions, it will be perceived, proved entirely successful.
The Directors of the Association made a decided innovation, in the face of much doubt and
opposition, but it proved a decided success, just as it ought to have done.

GREEN RIVER AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

Glasgow, January 7, 1858.
R. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. K. S. A. Society:

Dear Sir: — The officers of the Association, and their Post-offices, are as follows:
A. Watkins, President, Bear Wallow; John H. Page, Vice President, Scottsville, Allen county;
H. C. Crenshaw, Secretary, Glasgow; Thos. G. Moss, Treasurer, Glasgow; Z. R. Huggins,
John Matthews, Jno. A. Hall, W. H. Edmunds, Glasgow, Eli B. Crain, Bear Wallow, C. B.
Hutchison, Park P. 0., Directors; J. R. Garnett, Chief Marshal, Glasgow.

The Green River Agricultural and Mechanical Association was formed in the spring of
1852, and held its first fair in Glasgow, Ky., in October of the same year. The Society then
owned no ground, but held their fair in an open lot contiguous to town, and continued to do so
until the year 1855, when a stock company was formed for the purchase of ground and the
erection of an amphitheatre. A share in this company was fifty dollars. They purchased six
acres of land of Richard Garnett, about three fourths of a mile south of Glasgow, on the
Louisville and Nashville Turnpike. It is rather an elevated position, with a few large poplar
and beech trees surrounding it, and in the rear i3 a beautiful grove of beech trees. It is
handsomely inclosed with a paleing fence, and has an amphitheatre erected which pre-
sents a beautiful view from the road. The cost of the ground and improvements was twenty-
five hundred dollars, and upon this amount a dividend was declared of fifteen per cent, for the
year 1857. The exhibition of stock and domestic fabrics has been about as large as we gen-
erally have at the different fairs throughout the State, and compares favorably with similar ex-
hibitions elsewhere. In horses, mules, and hogs, Barren county is hard to beat; but in sheep
and cattle we are rather behind some of our more northern neighbors.

Respectfully, &c, HENRY C. CRENSHAW, Secretary.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE GREEN RIVER AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIA-
TION, FOR 1857.

Mixed Jeans, eight yards, Mrs. Isaac Smith, premium and certificate.

Brown Jeans, eight yards, Mrs. Mary Perkins, premium; Mrs I. Smith, certificate.

Negro Jeans, eight yards, Mrs. Isaac Smith, premium and certificate.

White Flannel, eight yards, Mrs. S. E. Jones, premium; Mrs. I. Smith, certificate.

Plaid Linsey, eight yards, Mrs. M. Y. Perkins, premium.

Table Linen, five yards, Mrs. Harvy Myers, premium and certificate.

Pair of Bed Blankets, Mrs. M. Y. Perkins, premium and certificate.

Woolen Hose, Mrs. A. Cake, premium; Miss J. Winlock, certificate.

Half- Hose, Mrs. A. Cake, premium; Mrs. R. H. Heather, certificate.

Silk Quilt, Mrs. E. W. Huggins, premium; E. Balinger, certificate.

Woolen Quilt, Mrs. S. W. Brent, premium; Mrs. Dr. Thomas, certificate.

Cotton Quilt, Mrs. E. Duff, premium; Mrs. I. Smith, certificate.

White Counterpane, Mrs. Jas. Jordan, premium; S. B. Settle, certificate.

Woolen Carpet, ten yards, Mrs Wm. J. Wood.piemiura; Mrs. A. Trigg, certificate.

Hearth Rug, Mrs. Wm. E. Wade, premium and certificate.

Fancy Needlework, Mrs. John H. Gorin, premium; Mrs. E. W. Huggins, certificate.

Specimen Embroidery, Mrs. John T- Cox, premium; 3. W. Brent, certificate.

Pair Mitts, by girl under twelve years, Miss Winlock, premium.

Vest Pattern, home made, Mrs. Isaac Smith, premium.

Linen Shirt, Miss Betty Barlow, premium.

Butter, five pounds, Mrs. W. M. Winlock, premium; Wm. Bybee, certificate.

Jar Pickles, Mrs. A. Cake, premium and certificate.

Best Display of Apples, Wm. H. Mclntire, premium.

Irish Potatoes, Mrs. Fayette Winn, premium; Mrs. Wm. Wood, certificate.

Sweet Potatoes, no entry.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, 3&5

Beets, half bushel, Mrs. Wm. F. Evans, premium.
Onions, peck, H. Eubank, premium; C B. Hutchison, certificate.
Tomatoes, peck, Wash Huggins, premium; W. F. Evans, certificate.
Red Pepper, Fayette Winn, premium; H. Eubank, certificate.

HORSES.

Saddle Horse or Mare, W. E. Wade, premium; W. B. Marshall, certificate.
Buggy Horse or Mare, W. E. Wade, premium; J. S. Barlow, certificate.
Pair Harness Horses or Mares, H. Garnett, premium; N. Herzog, certificate.
Saddle and Bridle, S. H. Welch, premium.

CATTLE.

Bull, three years old, Wm. Winlock, premium; J. R. Biggers, certificate-
Bull, two years old, Willis Wood, premium.
Bull, one year old, W. M. Wilson, premium; E. Duff, certificate.
Milch Cow, W. H. Edmunds, premium and certificate.
Heifer, two years old, Willis Wood, premium.

Heifer, one year old, Elijah Kinslow, premium; W. H. Edmunds, certificate.
Calf, under one year old, W. H. Edmunds, premium; E. Kinslow, certificate.
Pair Work Cattle, W. S. Yates, premium; Thos. Winlock, certificate.
Best Boar, J. R. Biggers, premium; J. Lewis, certificate.
Best Sow, John Lewis, premium; J. R. Biggers, certificate.
Pair of Pigs, six months old or under, John Lewis, premium; J. R. Biggers, certificate.

SHEEP.

Best Buck Sheep, E. B. Crain, premium and certificate.
Ewe Sheep, E B. Crain, premium.

MULES.

Mule, two years old and over, Wm. Bybee, premium; W. H. Edmunds, certificate.
Mule, one year, Charles Patterson, Green, premium; H. R. Taylor, certificate.
Sucking Mule, J. H Page, Allen, premium; J. T. Rogers, certificate.
Pair of Harness Mules, W. M. Wilson, premium; W. H. McMurray, certificate.

HARNESS STOCK.

Stallion, four years old and over, C. B. Hutcheson, premium; J. C. McFerran, certifi-
cate.

Stallion, three years old — none shown.

Stallion, two years old, W. H. Mclnteer, premium; B. Stokes, certificate.

Stallion, one year old, J. C. Hibbit, premium; W. B. Hughes, certificate.

Mare, four years old and over, C. B. Hutcheson, premium; H. B. Wilson, certificate.

Mare, three years old, E. B. Crain, premium; Price Moran, certificate.

Mare, two years old, S. W. Robison, Green, premium; W. S. Yates, certificate.

Mare, one year old, Thomas Frazier, Adair, premium, M. Taylor, certificate.

Sucking Colt, John H. Page, Allen, premium; P. Moran, certificate.

DRAFT STOCK.

Stallion, four years old, James A. Register, Monroe, premium; C. Patterson, certificate

Stallion, three years old — none shown.

Stallion, two years old, Isaac Settle, premium; H. Vanzant, certificate.

Stallion, one year old, Thomas Hardy, premium.

Mare, four years old and over, Albert Bryan, premium; J. T. Rogers, certificate.

Mare, three years old — none shown.

Mare, two years old, John Burks, premium; B. Lawless, certificate.

Mare, one year old, W. B. Rogers, premium.

Sucking Colt, W. M. Wilson, premium; J. H. Page, certificate.

JACK STOCK.

Jack, three years old, Jerry Jordan, premium; Jno. Lewis, certificate.

Jack, two years old, B. Pemberton, premium.

Jack, one year old, Buford Pemberton, premium.

Jennet, three years old, K. P. Ellis, premium; James Winn, certificate.

Jennet, two years old, Sol. Quisenberry, premium.

Jennet, one year old, Willis Word, premium; B. Pemberton, certificate.

Jack or Jennet Colt, Willis Word, premium; W. M. Scrivener, certificate.

BLOODEO HORSES.

Stallion, four years old, W. M. Wilson, premium; S. W. Brent, certificate.
Stallion, three years old — none shown.
Stallion, two years old, S. W. Brent, premium.
Stallion, one year old, 8. P. Taylor, Hart, premium.

Mare, four years old and over, S. W. Robison, Green, premium; W. Winlock, certifi-
cate.

396 REPORT OF THE

Mare, three years old, James D. Smith, premium.

Mare, two years old, W. M. Wilson, premium; John Matthews, certificate.
Mare, one year old, A. Matthews, premium, G. B. Ellis, certificate.
Sucking Colt, Allen Matthews, premium; J. T. Rogers, certificate.

SADDLE STOCK.

Stallion, four years old and over, Jos. C. Pace, premium.

Stallion, three years old, E. B. Crain, premium; E. B. Smith, certificate.

Stallion, two years old — none shown.

Stallion, one year old, John F. Smith, premium; E. B. Smith, certificate.

Mare, four years old, John H. P.ige, Allen, premium; M. H. Maupin, certificate.

Mare, three years old, Alex. Wood, premium.

Mare, two years old, H. R. M. Taylor, premium; J. H. Pointer, certificate.

Mare, one year old Jesse Smith, premium.

Sucking Colt, J. H. Page, Allen, premium; W. J. Wood, certificate.

Tobacco to be exhibited next March.

REGULATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

The Exhibition will commence each day at 9 o'clock, by which time, to avoid delay and
confusion, all entries must be made.

The Secretary can be found at Ritter & Sampson's law office, at which place all Entries
should be made on the day previous to their Exhibition.

Persons not members of the Association competing for premiums shall be charged a 9
follows : For a premium of $5 or less, $2; for a premium over $5, $5.

Every member of the Society shall have the right, without additional contribution of mon-
ey, to compete at all Fairs and Exhibitions of the Society, with articles of which he may be
the real owner; and no one but the real owner shall exhibit any thing for competition.

All manufactured articles must be made by the exhibitor.

No member, except by the consent of the Board, shall withdraw from the Society until all
arrearages are paid; and no one in arrears shall compete for a premium.

The Board may expel any member from the Society for rude, disorderly or ungentlemanly
behavior at any of its Fairs or meetings.

The Board shall appoint such subordinate officers as may, in its judgment, during a Fair.be
necessary to preserve order, and to promote the general interest of the Society.

No aged animal that has taken a premium, from this Society, shall afterwards compete for
a premium.

No premium shall be awarded where but one animal, or but one article is exhibited, unless
the Judges shall be of opinion that the animal or article, as the case may be, is worthy of a
premium.

Every article or animal upon the Fair grounds shall, during the continuance of the Fair, be
under the control of the Board.

Judges shall be appointed at least two months prior to the annual Fair, and shall immediate-
ly thereafter be notified thereof by the Secretary.

Articles exhibited for premiums shall be exhibited by numbers, of which the Secretary shall
keep a register.

Pedigrees, with the ages, of Blooded Stock, shall be given to the groom before he enters the
ring, and by him handed to the Judges for their inspection.

Marks of any kind, or other indications of ownership, shall be rigidly excluded from all
articles competing for premiums.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETV. 397

HARRISON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION,

Cynthiana, November 23, 1857.
R. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. Ky. S. A. Society.

Dear Sir : The earlier history of our Association has been given you by our able and
indefatigable President, Gen. L. Desha; and as, in the transactions of our Society for the cur-
rent year, but little of general interest has occurred, beyond the usual routine which is com-
mon to all Associations of like character, the labor attached to the task I have assumed — at
the request of the Board of Directory — will be trivial, when compared with that expended in
the production of the faithful and elaborate account given, as referred to above, by General
Desha.

The programme of our exhibition had been changed but little from that of 1856. That one
seemed to have given pretty nearly a general satisfaction, and had attracted to our exhibition
a very large concourse, numbering many from abroad, both as spectators and as exhibitors.

The gross receipts were about $3,100, as stated in the communication referred to; and when
it is considered that all stockholders — numbering some one hundred and fifty of our leading
citizens, together with their entire families — are admitted free, some idea may be formed of
the vast number in attendance.

The receipts for the present year amounted to $2,700, gross. It will be observed that that
amount, when compared with the receipts of 1856, exhibits a loss of $400, which is accounted
for by the fact that we were visited by heavy and continued rains, and gloomy, dark weather,
rendering our meeting extremely unpleasant, and preventing many from attending. Many
were the expressions of disappointment, uttered by those of our county who had set apart
this little season of re union and rest from the toils of the harvest, just past. Still, we were
not denied the pleasure of extending a welcome to many from abroad, who shared with us, in
many instances, the awards we invite all to compete for.

We exclude no one from the exhibition rings, and we think the sphere of usefulness of such
Associations thus greatly enlarged, as allowing our farmers the privileges of witnessing the im-
provements in those labor-saving machines, or implements, produced elsewhere, and designed
to facilitate them in the cultivation or the harvesting of their crops, and to our mechanics the
means of comparing the handiwork of others with their own.

The exhibition in the mechanical department ha3 resulted in the adoption of many of those
articles by our farmers; and we seethe "Reaper," and "Thresher," or "Separator," superced-
ing the laborious and tardy sickle or cradle, and the old fashioned fljil and fan.

Our county has just pride in the extensive manufactory of our energetic county-man, Henry
F. Cromwell, who has, by his industry and perseverance, built up the most extensive carriage
manufactory in Kentucky. And already have the superb productions of his hands superceded
the less beautiful and far less substantial and enduring carriages and buggies of the North
and East.

The plow invented by him, also — though produced many years since — still holds the sway
over all others for general use. The extensive manufactory of wagons, plows, &c, for the
Southern market, both by Cromwell and by L. Oxley, exceeds perhaps that of any city in the
interior of the State. We notice the favorable impression produced at our neighboring Fairs
by the carriages and other vehicles of our manufactories, as winning the prizes wherever they
have gone.

In the exhibition of horses, we observe a very great improvement over what might have
been seen in former years in our county. The recent revival of the sports of the turf, since
the unparalleled performances of our race horses, boih at home and abroad, has given rise to
a wide spread taste for the pure blooded steeds, and many fine animals were on exhibition in
this class.

The hardy and swift-footed trotter, of the North, had its representatives here too, and found
many friends. Indeed, as this is a purely American breed, evincing traits of character un-
known until developed by Americans, we ought to be proud of it. And I hope to see yet, in
Kentucky, this class of horses, — as being better suited to harness and light draught, and as be-

398 REPORT OF THE

ing hardier and longer lived — supercede, to a very considerable extent, many horses we have
now. To engraft them upon our stately Highlander or Messenger for the carriage; or upon
the wind-cleaving descendants of our fiery coursers, would certainly produce a race exceeding-
ly valuable.

In the cattle rings, perhaps, the beneficent and salutary influence of our Association were
more evident than in any other department. Some of our stock were successful when in com-
petition with some of the most celebrated cattle in Kentucky. High prices have been paid for
cattle, and, in a little while, we hope to be able to find the best, without going beyond the
precincts of our own county.

Among the Sheep on exhibition, we noticed the Southdown, Cotswold, Leicester, Merino,
and many excellent grades. Many of these have been purchased since the formation of our
Association.

Indeed, it may be truly said, that since the period of its commencement more fine stock has
been purchased and brought into our county, than within the same lapse of time in many years;
this we claim as the excellent practical results of its formation. The spirit of generous emu-
lation induced in our county, resulted in the expenditure of vast amounts of money in the
purchase of stock.

The domestic department was not as full as we could have desired, but many articles were
on exhibition that would even compare with the fabrics of the north.

In the productions of our farms, Wheat has risen to be the great staple. For many years
the article of Corn was the chief crop of our county. This was fed to hogs for the Cincin-
nati and the Southern markets, and immense numbers of swine were driven off every autumn;
but since the completion of the great farmers' friend — the Kentucky Central Railroad — and
since the means of transportation have been rendered so easy, Wheat has taken the place of
Corn, and the increased amount produced by our lands, has astonished almost every one, and
the income of our farmers has been greatly increased. The ratio of increase in its produc-
tion, which was applied prior to the completion of our Railroad, would have to be abandoned
in the computation of the quantity produced in our county, as, since that time, its increase has
been unparalleled. I have not at hand any statistics by which I could certainly determine
the exact amount of Wheat raised in our county. But several dealers of my acquaintance,
with whom I have conversed, give as their opinion that the amount produced this year in the
coui.ty will exceed a half million (500,01)0) bushels. The price in 1856 was from.$l to $1 25.
During the past autumnal season the price has fluctuated from $1 10 down to 70 cents per
bushel.

Hemp, at one time, was extensively raised in our county — the soil of a portion of which
seems admirably adapted to its production; but the fluctuations and uncertainty attached to
the prices, have induced many of our farmers to abandon it entirely.

Corn and Oats — though raised in large quantities and fed to stock — do not constitute arti-
cles of much commerce, except within our own county. The distillers use immense quanti-
ties of the former in the distillation of whiskey. The price of Corn last year was $2 per bar-
rel. This year it will be sold at $1 50 per barrel.

Whiskey may very properly be classed as one of the chief productions of our county, and I
am informed that at least one half of all the pure "Bourbon Whiskey" that is thrown upon
the markets, is manufactured in our county. And just here I may be allowed to say, that in
the analysis of many specimens of this whiskey, 1 have never discovered the smallest particle
of strichnine — as interested parties have charged — in its contents. This much I have ventur-
ed to say in behalf of that large and respectable class of our citizens engaged in its manu-
facture, and in behalf of an article that amounts in the aggregate, in its value in this county
alone, to one half million of dollars, peihaps.

During the past year a disease has appeared among the swine, which has resulted in des-
troying entirely many fine herds. It is generally denominated the "hog cholera," with as
little claim to that name as to any other. Not having had an opportunity of dissecting or ex-
amining any of them after death, I can only form ray opinion from what I have witnessed in

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 399

the living animal, and what I have learned of its history from the farmers. I am clearly of
the opinion that it is an influenza, in which the pulmonary organs are most involved. There
is severe inflammation of the lungs, and a symptom sometimes supervenes — and one which I
have witnessed in the progress of that disease in the human subject — of diarrhoea, which has
given rise to the mistake in the nomenclature. This disease is marked, in its access, by se
vere rigors, and the dissections — by the farmers — reveal the fact that the animal may die in
either of the stages of engorgement, hepatization, or purulent infiltration ; accounting for the
discrepancy of opinion which has obtained regarding the pathological appearances, from
which many have been led into the error, that there were different diseases, whereas, the dif-
ferent appearances witnessed were results of the different stages of the same disease. For
the hog may die in either stage. The same phenomena are witnessed in the human being, and
post mortem examinations of those who die at different stages will reveal very different ap-
pearances.

But the character of this paper will not admit of that discussion which the subject merits.
Indeed, I do not know but that you will look upon it as a departure from the legitimate mat
ter of such communications as this.

Our county is traversed by the Licking river and its chief branch — South Licking. The one
having its source in the mountains of the State. The other in the richest part of Kentucky;
which will account for the fact that the bottom lands of the one are comparatively poor, and
the other are as rich as the bottoms of the Nile.

Bottom lands — as we call them — are all of alluvial formation, and while the main Licking —
during its floods — carried upon its bosom the poor and valueless — so far as the material for
the formation of soil is concerned — timbers with which it was constantly clothing its shores,
the other — South Licking — was bringing the rich maple and walnut timbers and foliage to
produce the richest soils on earth.

The main Licking has been navigated by the smaller class of boats to Claysville — indeed,
to the Blue Licks, far above — and was formerly, to the farmers of Harrison, the great avenue
to the markets of the south, by means of the flat boat, the productions of our county found
their way over its surface to the Ohio.

The South Licking affords fine water privileges, and is occupied by a number of fine flour-
ing mills and distilleries. It is not navigable.

This report, very hastily made, may omit many things of importance, and may contain
many irrelevant matters, but I trust they may be overlooked.

Our officers are — Gen. L. Desha, President; Dr. John Kirkpatric, Recording Secretary;
Joseph Desha, Corresponding Secretary; James Miller, C. Walton, David Dills, VVm. H. Wil-
son, Frank Gray, Larkiu Garnett, Henry Nichols, M. L. Broadwell, A. H. Ward, and Henry
F. Cromwell, Directors.

Accompanying this you will find the Address of Maj. James R. Curry, delivered at our
Fair. Respectfully submitted,

JOHN KIRKPATRIC, Secretary.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE HARRISON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHAN-
ICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.
FIRST D.\Y.

WOOLEN FABRICS.

Best ten yards home made Jeans, - $ 3 00

Best ten yards home made Negro Jeans, .---... 3 00

Best ten yards home made White Linsey, - - 2 00

Best teu yards Striped or Plaid Linsey, 2 00

Best ten yards Colored Linsey, 2 00

Best ten yards Flannel, 2 00

Best pair'of Hose, 1 00

Best pair of Halt-Hose, 1 00

Best pair of Blankets, 3 00

Best Hearth Rug, 2 00

Best Carpet, -- 3 00

400 REPORT OF THE

Best pair of Mils, ■■'_'. 1 00

Best pair of Gloves, 1 00

Best specimen of Embroidery, 5 00

Judges — I. N. Miller, Robt. S. Haviland and J. D. Thomas.

COTTEN, WOOLEN AND LINEN FABRICS.

Best pair Cotton Hose, $ 1 00

Best pair Cotton Half-Hose, -'■ I 00

Best Flax Linen, ten yards, 2 00

Best Tow Linen, ten yards, 2 00

Best Hemp Linen, ten yards, 2 00

Best Linen Thread, one pound, - - - 1 00

Judges — Joel F. Love, Leon Cuson and James B. Curl.

NEEDLEWORK.

Best Silk Quilt, $ 10 00

Best Worsted Patchwork Quilt, - J - 7 00

Best Cotton Patchwork Quilt, 7 80

Best Bedspread, 3 00

Best Solid Quilt, 3 00

Best Linen Shirt, made by a lady, - - - 2 00

Best Cotton Shirt, made by a lady, 2 00

Best Linen Shirt, made by a girl under twelve years of age, ... 2 00

Best Cotton Shirt, made by a girl under twelve years of age, ... 2 00

Best Specimen of Silk Embroidery, 3 00

Best Specimen of Cotton or Linen Embroidery, 2 00

Best Jeans Coat, by a lady, 2 00

Best Vest, 2 00

Judges— J. S. Boyd, Dr. S. E. Broadwell and M. Bliss.

HATS, KENTUCKY MANUFACTURE.

Best Fur Hat, - - - $ 2 00

Best Silk Hat, 200

Best Wool Hat, l 00

Judges — Jas. N. Frazier, Perry Wherritt and Green Remington.

HARNESS, BOOTS AND SHOES.

Best set of Double Harness, carriage, -------- $ 5 00

Best set of Double Harness, wagon, - 5 00

Best set of Double Harness, buggy, 5 00

Best Gents' Saddle and Bridle, 2 00

Best pair of Fine Boots, 2 00

Best pair of Coarse Boots, 2 00

Best pair of Negro Shoes, 1 00

Best Ladies Saddle, 3 00

Judges — Richardson Kimbrough, Tbos. G. Hays and Jas. I Victor.

FRUITS.

Best display of Apples, - $ 1 00

Best display of Pears, 1 00

Best display of Peaches. 1 00

Best display of Plums, ' 1 00

Best display of Quinces, 1 00

Best display of Grapes, 1 00

Judges— Major Curry, Dr. Joel C. Frazer, Dr. John O. Hodges, Phillip Ammerman and W.
S. Haviland.

PANTRY AND DAIRY.

Best Ham, cooked and mode of curing, - $ 1 00

Best Barrel of Flour, - 300

Best Loaf of Corn Bread, mode of making, &c, ------ 1 00

Best Loaf of Wheat Bread, mode of making, &c, 1 00

Best display of Preserves, 1 00

Best display of Pickles, 1 00

Best display of Jellies, - - 1 00

Best display of Cake, 2 00

Best gallon of Apple Butter, 1 °°

Best ten pounds of Cheese, 1 00

Best two pounds of Butter, - , - 1 00

Best five pounds of Honey, 1 00

Best Canned Peaches, one year old, mode of preserving, .... 1 00

Best Tomatoes, with mode of preserving, ....... 1 00

Judges— Geo. King, J. Wes Lair, Wm. Bradley.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 401

POULTRY.

Best pair of Turkeys, $ 1 00

Best five or more Ducks, 3 00

Best display of five or more Chickens, 3 00

Judges — Robt. Kimbrough, John Redmon and Wesley Barrett.

GARDEN PRODUCTS.

Best Potatoes, one bushel, $ 1 00

Best display of varieties of Potatoes, 2 00

Best display of varieties of Sweet Potatoes, 2 00

Best display of Cabbage, six heads, 1 00

Best display of Tomatoes, 2 00

Best dozen Turnips, table use, 1 00

Best dozen Beets, table use, ----,------ 1 00

Best dozen Parsnips, 1 00

Best dozen Celery, 1 00

Best half dozen Egg Plant, 1 00

Best Onions, one peck, 1 00

Best Cantelopes, 1 00

Best Watermelons, half dozen, 2 00

Judges — Thos. Ware, Jas. J. Tebbs and Major Curry.

CARRIAGES, &C.

Best Carriage, $ 10 00

Best, Buggy, 10 00

Judges— John Forwood, of Scott; Col. C. J. Sanders, of Fayette-, C. Brent, of Paris; Maj.
Kimbrough; McMillen, of Nicholas.

FLOWERS.

Best display of Flowers in crocks, tubs, &c, $ 3 00

Handsomest Boquet, 2 00

Handsomest Floral Design, 3 00

Best specimen of Artificial Flowers, 3 00

Judges— W. W. Trimble, James C. Currie, I. T. Morton, H. Williams and Jas. S. Withers.

CABINET AND CARPENTERS WORK.

Best Bedstead, ' § 5 00

Best Work Table, ladies', 2 00

Best Bureau, 3 00

Best Washing Machine, 2 00

Best Churn, 1 00

Best half dozen Split Botton Chairs, 2 00

Judges. — Wm. Shumate, John B. McKinley and John H. Mcllvaine.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Best two horse Plow for sod, - - - 5 00

Best two horse Plow for stubble, . 5 06

Best Wagon, large or small, .... -------5 00

Best large Harrow, ------------- 3 00

Best Roller, 3 00

Best Cutting Box, plan and material, --------- 3 00

Best Threshing Machine, 10 06

Best Mower, 10 00

Best Reaper, 10 00

Best Reaping and Mowing Machine, combined, - - - ; - - - - 10 00

Best Corn Crusher, 3 00

Best Wheat Fan, 3 00

Best Wheat Drill, -------------5 00

Best Hay Rake, - • 3 00

Judges— John McKee, Silas G. Stirman, Thos. Ashbrook, G. R. Sharpe, and Noah S. Pat-
terson.

PRODUCTS OF THE FIELD.

Best Corn, largest yield per acre of five acres, -------- 5 00

Best Corn, dozeu ears for bread, ---------- 1 00

Best Wheat, largest yield per acre of five acres, - 5 00

Best Wheat, specimen of one bushel, - - - - 3 00

Best Oats, iargest yield, five acres, 4 00

Best Oats, specimen of one bushel, - 1 00

Best Timothy, largest yield five acres, •------.- 3 00

Best Barley, largest yield five acres, 5 00

Best Rye, largest yield five acres, - 3 00

402 REPORT OF THE

Best Clover, largest yield five acres, - - - 3 00

Best Clover Seed, Kentucky raised, one bushel, - - " * * ■ - 5 00

Best Timothy Seed, Kentucky raised, one bushel, ........ 2 00

Best Hemp, fifty pounds, dew rotted, produce of last year, - - - - - 5 00

[Each sample of Hemp to be accompanied by satisfactory proof, that the sample is a fair one,
of a crop of not less than a ton of the last year's growth.]

Judges — Paul King, M. W. Rankin, Harvey Rowland, Col. T. T. Garnett, and Jacob Rena-
ker, Sr.

LEATHER — KENTUCKV MANUFACTURE.

Best side of Sole Leather, 2 00

Best side of Upper Leather, - - - 2 00

Best side of Harness Leather, 2 00

Best side of Skirting Leather, 3 00

Best half dozen Calf Skins, 5 00

Best half dozen Hog Skins, 2 00

Best half dozen Dog Skins, .2 00

Judges— Capt. Wm. Thompson, Perry Wherritt, Will. MeMurtry, H. Coffman, E. B. Haw-
kins, and Thos D. Urmstead.

HORSEMANSHIP.

Best rider on horseback, boy under thirteen years of age, - - - - - - 7 00

Second best rider on horseback, boy under thirteen years of age, - - - - 5 00

Judges — Joel C. Frazier, John Kirkpatric, John Shawhan, John W. Dills, and John Steers.

All premiums awarded by the association of an amount corresponding to two or three dol-
lars, will be paid in bound volumes of the Farm Journal.

Persons competing for a premium for the largest yield per acre or half acre, are to have the
ground measured by a competent surveyor, and must produce his certificate as to the quantity
in cultivation.

Persons competing for premiums on corn, to have the ground measured by a surveyor, with
chain and compass, who must make affidavit of the correctness of his survey, arid two or more
persons, in no wise related to or interested with the exhibitor, to make affidavit to the gather-
ing and measuring of the corn from an average acre. The corn to be left standing until No-
vember 1st, to be measured in a sealed half bushel, and number of bushels stated to the
President; and the premium to be awarded to him who from the proof shall have produced
the largest quantity on the five acres.

In ascertaining the quantity of Wheat, Oats, Barley, and Meadow, an average acre shall be
set apart and surveyed, as above, and the yield of this acre, cut and measured, or weighed to
itself; a certificate thereof to be signed by three disinterested persons. Persons competing
for premiums who are not members of the Association, must pay to the Treasurer five dollars.

SECOND DAY.

BREEDING CATTLE.

Best Bull four years old and upwards, 10 00

Best Bull three years old and under four, --------- 10 00

Best Bull two years old and under three, --------- 7 00

Best Bull one year old and under two, --------- 5 00

Best Bull under one year, 5 00

Best Cow four years old and upward, 10 00

Bast Cow three years old and under four, - - 10 00

Best Cow two years old and under three, --------- 7 00

Best Cow one year old and under two, ......... 5 00

Best Cow under one year old, ...--.-.--- 5 00
Judges — Edwin Bedford, George H. Perrin, Chas. T. Garrard, Wm. Warfield, of Fayette,
and S. F. Tebb3, of Clarke

SWEEPSTAKES FOR CATTLE.

Best Bull of any age, 1000

Best Cow of any age, - - 10 00

Judges — Dr. A. H. Wall, of Mason; John Redmon, Ruben Elutchcraft, S. H. Corbin, of
Bourbou; and Harvey Gray.

HERD.

Best herd, one Bull and four or more Cows or Heifers, 20 00

Judges— Will. R. Duncan, of Clarke; Geo. M. Bedford, of Bourbon; Wm. H. Forsythe; Dr.
B. F. bedinger, of Boone; and Dr. Jas. Offut, of Scutt.

FAT CATTLE.

Best Bullock, Free Martin, Cow, or Spaved Heifer, three years old and over, - - 6 00
Best Bullock, Free Martin, Cow, or Spayed Heifer, two years old and under three, - 6 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 403

Best Bullock, Free Martin, Cow, or Spayed Heifer, one year old and under two, - 5 00
Best four Fatted Sheep. 7 00

Judges— Jack. Fowler, Milt. Rankin; Wesley Hoggiu3, of Kenton; John W. Kimbrough,
John Williams, Sr.

WORK OXEN.

Best Oxen for work,' 7 00

Judges — Will. Garnett, Leroy Rankin, and James J. Ammerman.

SHEEP.

Best Long Wool, Cotswold, Leicester, Bakewell, Oxfordshire Buck, two years old and

over, ---■-. 6 00

Best Long Wool, Cotswold, Leicester, Bakewell, Oxfordshire Buck, one year old and

under two, ----- 4 00

Best Long Wool, Cotswold, Leicester, Bakewell, Oxfordshire Ewe, two and over, - 6 00

Best Long Wool, Cotswold, Leicester, Bakewell, Oxfordshire Ewe, one and under two, 4 00

Best Middle Wool, Southdown Buck, two years and over, 6 00

Best Middle- Wool, Southdown Buck, one year aud under two, 4 00

Best Middle Wool, Southdown Ewe, two years and over, - - 6 00

Best Middle Wool, Southdown Ewe, one year and under two, - - - - - 4 00

Fine Wool, Saxony and Merino, best Buck, -------- 8 00

Fine Wool, Saxony and Merino, best Ewe, 8 00

Judges — Robt. Scott, Hamilton Rankin, O. H. Buibridge, of Bourbon; B. F. Bedford, of
Bourbon; and Lewis Jamison.

HOGS.

Best Boar two years old and over, 5 00

Best Boar one year old and under two, - 4 00

Best Boar six months old and under one year, ' - - 3 00

Best four fat Hogs, 5 00

Best Sow two years and over, ------ 4 00

Best Sow one year old and under two, - - - 4 00

Best Sow six months old and under one year, - - - - 3 00

Best Pair of Pigs, 5 00

Judges — B. F. Dills, Henry Shawhan, Rodes Wigglesworth, Harrison Magee, and Jas. Har-
vey Martin.

SADDLE MARES AND GELDINGS.

Best Mare for saddle, four years old and over,

Best Mare for saddle, three years old and under four,

Best Mare for saddle, two years old and under three,

Best Mare for saddle, one year old aud under two, - - - -

Best Gelding for saddle, four years old and over, ....

Best Geldiug for saddle, three years old and under four, -

Best Gelding for saddle, two years old and under three, -

Judges — James McClelland, of Bourbon; John Weeks, of Scott; Dr.
Fayette; James T. Nichols, and Felix Ashbrook.

THIRD DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Best Stallion, four years and over, 10 00

Best Stallion, three years and under four, 10 00

Best Stallion, two years and under three, 8 00

Best Stallion, one year and under two, 8 00

Best Stallion, under one year, - 6 00

Best Mare, four years and over, 10 00

Best Mare, three years and under four, ......... 10 00

Best Mare, two years and under three, 8 00

Best Mare, one year and under two, 8 00

Best Mare, under one year, 6 00

Pedigree must be handed to the Secretary previous to the exhibition of the above stock.

Judges — Jus. Shawhan, Dr. J. Taylor Bradford, of Bracken; Capt. John Cunningham, of
Bourbon; John M. Clay, of Fayette; Dr. Menifee, of Nicholas.

DRAFT HORSES.

(Irrespective of peculiar breed or pedigree.)

Best Stallion, over three years, 10 00

Best Stallion, two and under three years, - - - - 7 00

Best Stallion, one and under two years, -' - - 5 00

Best Colt, under one year, 5 00

- 10 00

John R.

Desha, of

404 REPORT OF THE

Best Mare, three years and over, 10 00

Best Mare, two and under three, - 7 00

Best Mare, one and under two, ----- 5 0(J

Best Mare, under one year old 5 5 00

Best Gelding of any age for draft, 10 00

Judges — John C. Johnson, Major Kimbrough, Richard Stowers, F. G. Veach, and Wm.
Bradley.

MULES.

Best Horse Mule, two years old and over, 10 00

Best Horse Mule, one year old and under two, 10 00

Best Horse Mule, under one year old, - . - 8 00

Best Pair Horse Mules in harness, - • 10 00

Best Mare Mule, two years and over, 10 00

Best Mare Mule, one and under two, 10 00

Best Mare Mule, one year old and under, 8 00

Best Pair Mare mules in harness, - - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Judges — Jas. McKimbrough, Alex. S. Miller, of Bourbon; Richard Jamison, Ben. Groom,
of Clarke; and Wm. G. Hedges.

JACKS.

Best Jack, three years old and upward, - 10 00

Best Jack, two years old and under three, 10 00

Best Jack, one year old and under two, --------- 10 00

Best Jack Colt, under one year old, - 8 00

Best Jennet, three years old and over, - - - - 10 00

Best Jennet, two years old and under three, 10 00

Best Jennet, one year old and under two, - - 10 00

Best Jennet Colt, under one year old, 8 00

Judges— John A. Miller, of Bourbon; Silas Sparks, Elijah Kirtley, John Hill, of Bourbon;
and Jas. Musselman.

Best Jack of any age, - - - - 10 00

Best Jennet of any age, 10 00

Judges— Danl. S. Talbott, Nathaniel Rogers, of Bourbon; Paul King, G. R. Sharp, and
Noah S. Patterson.

FOURTH DAY.

HORSES FOR HARNESS.

Best Stallion, in or out of harness, four years and over. - - - - - 10 00

Best Stallion, in or out of harness, three years and under four, 10 00

Best Stallion, in or out of harness, two years and under three, - - - - - 10 00

Best Stallion, in or out of harnass, one year and under two, - - - - - 8 00

Best Stallion Colt, in or out of harness, under one year old, - - - - - 6 00

Best Mare, in or out of harness, four years old aud over, 10 00

Best Mare, in or out of harness, three years old and under four, - - . - - 10 00

Best Mare, in or out of harness, two years old and under three, - - - - 10 00

Best Mare, in or out of harness, one year old and under two, 8 00

Best Mare Colt, in or out of harness, under one year old, 6 00

Judges— Wm. Skinner, Cliff Kennedy, of Fayette; Capt. Wm. McClelland, of Bourbon;
Frank Rust, of Boone; and Wm. Tucker, of Grant.

Best Pair Carriage Horses, in harness, - 10 00

Best Pair Buggy Horses in harness, - 10 00

Best Pair Buggy Mares in harness, - - 10 00

Gelding for harness in harness, four years and over, - - - - . . - 10 00

Gelding for harness in harness, three years and under four, - - - - - 10 00

Gelding for harness in harness, two years and under three, - - - - - 10 00
Judges — Thornt. Marshall, of Bracken; Laboyteaux, of Cincinnati; Dalton, of Mayaville;
John McClintock, of Bourbon; and Robert Sims, of Nicholas.

STALLIONS FOR SADDLE.

(To be exhibited under saddle.)

Best Stallion, four years and over, 10 00

Best Stallion, three years and under four, - - 10 00

Best Stallion, two years and under three, - - - - - . ■ . - 10 00

Best Stallion, one year and under two, 8 00

Best Stallion Colt, under one year old, - - - - - - . . . 6 00

Best Mare, one year old and under two, - 8 00

Best Mare, under one year old, 6 00

Judges— Jos. McClelland, of Bourbon; Wm. Cromwell, of Fayette; W. B. Glave, Alex.
Patton,of Bourbon; and Thos. Lewis, of Clarke.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 40§

BROOD MARES.

Best brood Mare, 10 00

Judges — W. T. Redmon, Thos. L. Garrard, of Pendleton; D. Byares, Bracken; Dr. Pollock,
of Madison; James Jamison.

Best Stallion of any age, 10 00

Best Mare of any age, 10 00

Judges — Thos. Steele, of Woodford; Elisha Smith, of Fayette; John S. Moore, of Clarke;
Ed. Clark, of Bourbon; and Dennis Nichols, of Lincoln.

Best Gelding of any age, 10 00

Judges — Geo. Crain, of Cincinnati; Dr. L. Herr, of Lexington; Ben. Robertson, of Mont-
gomery; Jas. Kinslear, of Grant; and John Lincoln, of Fayette.

RULES OF THE ASSOCIATION.

1. No person shall be allowed to enter and exhibit stock of which he is not the owner or
breeder, nor any article unless he be the manufacturer, inventor, or importer thereof, and if
any person violate this rule, he shall not receive a premium.

2. No person shall be allowed to enter the ring at the time of the exhibition of his own
stock, and in violation of this rule shall forfeit his premium, provided this rule shall not be so
construed as to prevent the owner from riding or driving his stock at the time of its exhibi-
tion.

3. All stock or articles intended for exhibition, must be entered with the Secretary, previous
to 10 o'clock of that day on which chey are to be exhibited.

4. Entries of growing crops must be made as follows: Wheat, Barley, and Oats, on or be-
fore the 10th of July; Hemp and Hay on the 1st day of September; and Corn on or before the
last day of the Fair in each year.

5. No premium shall be awarded to any object when there is no competition, unless the
Judges shall deem such object worthy of it.

6. No animal will be permitted to compete for more than one premium, except in the sweep-
stake rings, or herd, at the same Fair.

7. No Cow, Bull, Jack, Jennet, Brood Mare, or Stallion, four years old or upwards, shall be
permitted to compete for a premium unless it has proven itself a breeder.

8. No person, ("other than the Judges) shall be allowed to go into the ring where the stock
is exhibited, except the Officers of the Association above named.

9. No animal or article shall compete in any ring, in which it has been a successful compet-
itor at any previous exhibition.

LIST OF PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE HARRISON COUNTY AGRICULTU-
RAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

WOOLEN FABRICS.

Best ten yards of home made Jeans, Mrs. Thomas McFarland, premium.

Best ten yards negro Jeans, Mrs. John Williams, premium: Mrs. Paul King, certifi-
cate.

Best Flannel, Mrs. Fanny Hedges, premium.

Best pair of hose, Mrs. Joel F. Love, premium; Mrs. Will. Magee, certificate.

Best half-hose, Mrs. Joel F. Love, premium; Mrs. Fanny Hedges, certificate.

Best Blankets. Mrs. Fanny Hedges, premium; Mrs Frank Gray, certificate.

Best Carpet, Mrs. Andrew Garoett, premium; Mrs. Paul King, certificate.

Best pair gloves, Mrs. Harvey Gr.iy, premium.

Best specimen of embroidery, Mrs. E. Barlow, premium; Miss Mollie Remington, certifi-
cate.

COTTON, WOOLEN AND LINEN FABRICS.

Best pair cotton hose, Mrs. Fanny Hedges, premium.
Best flax linen, ten yards, Mrs. George Rymel, premium.
Best tow linen, ten yards, Mrs. Len. Stump, premium.
Best hemp linen, ten yards, Mrs. George Rymel, premium.
Best linen thread, one pound, Mrs. George Rymel, premium.

406 REPORT OF THE

NEEDLE WORK.

Best silk quilt, Mrs. Mat. Kimbrough, premium.

Best worsted patchwork quilt, Mrs. James McKimbrough, premium; Mrs. T.R.Rankin,
certificate.

Best cotton patchwork quilt, Mrs. M. Lair, premium; Mr3. D. B. Lemon3, certificate.

Best bed spread, Mrs. Fanny Hedges, premium; Mrs. Willis Ziler, certificate.

Best linen shirt made by a lady, Mrs. E. Barlow, premium; Mrs. T. R. Rankin, certifi-
cate.

Be3t cotton shirt made by a lady, Miss Nan. Redmon, premium; Mrs. T. R. Rankin, certifi-
cate.

Best specimen silk embroidery, Miss E. Ware, premium; Miss Elizabeth Kimbrough, cer-
tificate.

Best cotton or linen embroidery, Mrs. I. T. Martin.

HARNESS, B00T3 AND SHOES.

Best set double harness, Turtoy & Eveleth, premium.
Best set double harness, wagon, Turtoy & Eveleth, premium.
Best gent's saddle and bridle, Turtoy & Eveleth, premium.
Best ladies' saddle, Turtoy & Eveleth, premium.

FRUITS.

Best display of apples, F. Gray, premium.

Best display of plums, Mrs. Will. Haviland, premium; Miss Emma Webster, certifi-
cate.

Best display of grapes, Will. Bumbarger, premium.

PANTRY AND DAIRY.

Best ham, cooked, Mrs. F. Gray, premium; Mrs. Gen. Desha, certificate.

Best barrel of flour, W. S. Haviland, premium.

Best loaf of corn bread, Mrs. F. Gray, premium.

Best loaf of wheat bread, Mrs. Dr. Perrin, premium; Mrs. Larkin Garnett, certificate.

Best preserves, Mrs. W. H. Wilson, premium; Mrs. Wornall, certificate.

Best display of cake, Mrs. Wornall, premium; Miss Ellen Desha, certificate.

Best ten pounds cheese, Mrs. John Lair, premium.

Best ten pounds butter, Mrs. F. Gray, premium; Mrs. James Tebbs, certificate.

Best ten pound3 honey, Mrs. Joe Love, premium; Mrs. W. H. Wilson, certificate,

poultry .
Best pair ducks, F. Gray, premium; James V. Terry, certificate.
Best display chickens, M. L. Broadwell, premium; James V. Terry, certificate.

garden products.
Best specimen potatoes, William Bumbarger, premium; Robert Scott, certificate.
Best display varieties, potatoes, F. Gray, premium; Mrs. L. Garnett, certificate.
Best cabbage, M. L. Broadwell, premium; W. S. Haviland, certificate.
Best tomatoes, M. L. Broadwell, premium; I. T. Martin, certificate.
Best beets, Thornton Ammerman, premium; William Bumbarger, certificate.
Best parsnips, W, G. Hedges, premium.
Best egg plant, M. L. Broadwell, premium.
Best onions, Maj. Will. Gray, premium; C. F. Hendricks, certificate.

FLOWERS.

Handsomest boquet, Mrs. S. F. January, premium.

carriages-, &c.
Best carriage, H. F. Cromwell, premium.
Best buggy, H. F. Cromwell, premium.

Of this department our county and State may feel justly proud. The "elegant," "superb/'
and "magnificent" was the utterance of eyery tongue when viewing the exhibitions of arti-
cles in this line from the manufactory of our fellow townsman, H. F. Cromwell.
cabinet and carpenter's work.
Best churn, I. T- Martin, premium; Baldwin, DeWitt & Co., certificate.

agricultural implements.
Best plow for sod, L. Oxley, premium.
Best plow for stubble, H. F. Cromwell, premium.
Best Wagon, H. F. Cromwell, premiuta.
Best cutting box, L. Oxley, premium.
Best threshing machine, C. Hope Redmon, premium.
Best wheat fan, H. F. Cromwell, premium.

products of the field.
• Best dozen ears of corn, W. G. Hedges, premium.
Best specimen wheat, John Morris, premium; James Renaker, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 407

Best specimen oats, F. Gray, premium.

Best timothy seed, F. Gray, premium; Robert Scott, certificate.

Best hemp, T. Ammernian, premium.

LEATHER — KENTUCKY MANUFACTURE.

Best side of upper leather, William Thompson, premium.
Best harness leather, William Thompson, premium.

HORSEMANSHIP.

Best rider on horseback, boy under thirteen years of age, Master Hildreth, premium.
Second best, Master Keunedy, premium.

SECOND DAY.

BREEDING CATTLE.

Best Bull, four years old and upwards, Geo. M. Bedford, premium; (King Cyrus [609] (bred
by A. Rennick) by Rennick, [903] dam Blossom by Imperial Cossack, alias Julius Caesar,
W. H. Wilson, certificate.

Best Bull, three years old and under four, Dr. McMillen, of Nicholas, premium; Jas. J.
Tebbs, certificate.

Best Bull, two years old and under three, C. T Garrard, premium; Gen. Desha, certificate.

Best Bull, one year old and under two, G. M- Bedford, premium; (Red Comet, bred by
owner, by King Cyrus, [609] dam Miss Dun by White Comet, [1093];) Joe M. Patterson, cer-
tificate.

Best Bull, under one year old, Dr. Taylor, premium; (this calf was sold to L. Garnett) ;
Wm. Redmon, certificate.

Best Cow, four years old and over, W. II. Wilson, premium; Jas. Snell, certificate.

Best Cow, three years old and under four, John Moore, of Clarke, premium; Wesley Sparks,
certificate.

Best Cow, two years old and under three, Geo. M. Bedford, premium; (Ivanora 1st by King
Cyrus [609], dam Eliza Dillard by Young Comet, 1132); Gen. Desha, certificate.

Best Cow, one year old and under two, G. M Bedford, premium; (Ivanora 2d, pedigree as
Ivanora 1st); W. H. Wilson, certificate.

Best Calf, G. M. Bedford, premium; (Lady Franklin 2d by King Cyrus (609); dam Lady
Franklin by Young Paragon) ; Dr. Taylor, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Bull of any age, Charles T. Garrard, premium, Gen. Desha, certificate.
Best Cow of any age, G. M. Bedford, premium; (Bedford's cow was Ivanora, as mentioned
above); John H. Moore, certificate.

HERD.

Geo. M. Bedford, premium; (1. Bull King Cyrus; 2d. Cous 1st Atosa by King Cyrus (609),
dam Susan by Young Paragon; 3. Florentia 2d, by King Cyrus (609), dam Florentiaby Garis
Comet (550;) 4th. Ivanora; 5th. Ivanora 2d; 6th. Lady Franklin 2d, as above); Wm. H.Wil-
son, certificate.

The exhibition in the above ring throughout was one of exceeding interest and attracted the
attention and admiration of the vast crowd in attendance. Indeed, the entire exhibition of
cattle was creditable to our county as well as those who came from abroad.

HOGS.

Best Boar, one year old and under two, Frank. J. Gray, premium.

Best Boar, six months old and under one year, A. C. Shropshire, premium; F. J. Gray, cer-
tificate.

Best Sow, two years old and over, F J. Gray, premium.

Best Sow, six months old and under one year, K. J. Gray, premium.

Best pair Pigs, W. H. Wilson, premium.

FAT CATTLE.

Best aged Fat Bullock, Charles T. Garrard, premium.

Best Fat Bullock, one year old and under two, G. M. Bedford, premium; Jos. M. Patterson,
certificate.

WORK OXEN.

Best Work Oxen, John Jamison, premium; Geo. King, certificate.

SHEEP.

Best Long Wool Buck, two years old, F. J. Gray, premium.

Best buck, one year old and under two, F. J. Gray, premium.

Best Ewe, one year old and under two, F. J. Gray, premium.

Best Long Wool Ewe, F. J. Gray, premium.

Best Middle Wool Buck, two years old and over, J. F. Love, premium.

Best Ewe, two years old and over, J. F. Love, premium.

Best Ewe, one year old and under two, J. F. Love, premium.

408 REPORT OF THE

Best Fine Wool Buck, any age, F. J. Gray, premium.
Best Ewe, of any age, F. J. Gray, premium.
Best four Fat Sheep, F. J. Gray, premium.

HORSES.

Best Saddle Mare, four years old and over, Robt. Pepper, premium; John Steers, certificate.

Best Mare, three years old and under four, Robt. Madison, premium; Thos. Lewis, certifi
cate.

Best Mare, two years old and under three, A. Wilson, premium; Thos. Steele, certificate.

Best Gelding, four years old and over, Robt. Nutter, premium; H. Nichols, certificate.

Best Gelding, three years old and under four, John Smith, premium; Alex. Patten, certifi-
cate.

Best Gelding, two years old and under three, H. Hedges, premium; John Speed, certificate.

THIRD DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Best Stallion, four years old and over, J. T. Nichols, premium.

Best Stallion, two years old and under three, Clay & Vimont, premium; Thos. W.Lewis,
certificate.

Best Stallion, one year old and under two, T. A. Rankin, premium; Dr. L. Herr, certificate.

Best Blooded Mare, four years old and over, E. R. Smith, premium; John T. Redmon, cer-
tificate.

Best Mare, one year old and under two, Dr. L. Herr, premium.

Best Mare Colt, under one, Enoch Smith, premium.

DRAFT HORSES.

Best Stallion, three years old and over, John McClintock, premium; John Redmon, certifi-
cate.

Best Stallion, two years old and under three, Frank Gray, premium.

Best Stallion, one year old and under two, John Redmon, premium; C. H Redmon, certifi-
cate.

Best Mare for draft, three years old and over, Win. Renaker, premium; E. W. Taylor,
certificate.

Best Mare for draft, two years old and under three, Milt Rankin, premium; Andrew Gar-
nett, certificate.

Best Mare for draft, one year old and under two, Harvey Gray, premium; Jacob Renaker,
certificate.

Best Mare Colt for draft, under one year, Henry H. Talbott, premium.

Best Gelding for draft, Wm. S. Havilaud, premium; Cliff Kennedy, certificate.

MULES.

Best Horse Mule, two years old and over, H. W. & R. M. Rice, premium; Jas. Patterson,
certificate.

Best Horse Mule, one year old and under two, Henry Nichols, premium.

Best Horse Mule, under one year old, Samuel Muir, premium; W. G. Hedges, certificate.

Best Mare Muie, two years old and over, Wm. R. Estill, premium; William Tucker, certifi-
cate.

Best Mare Mule, one year old and under two, Samuel Muir, premium; James H. Miller,
certificate.

Best Mare Mule, under one year old, George Victor, premium; Wm. G. Hedges, certificate.
Best pair Mare Mules, Robert Ru-k, premium; Cliff Kennedy, certificate.

Best Jack, three years and over, Spears Smith, premium.

Best Jack, two years and under three, Wm. Tucker, premium.

Best Jack, one year and under two, Henry Leer, premium; James Miller, certificate

Best Jack, under one year, Samuel C. Frazer, premium; Alex. Miller, certificate.

Best Jennet, four years and over, John Burgess, premium ; Henry Leer, certificate.

Best Jennet, two years and under three, Jas. Musselman, premium.

Best Jennet, one year and under two, James Musselman, premium; James Miller, certifi-
cate.

Best Jennet, under one year, George Robertson, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Jack of any age, Henry Leer, premium; Samuel Frazer, certificate.
Best Jennet of any age, John Burgess, premium; James Miller, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

HORSES FOR HARNESS.

Best Stallian for harness, James T. Nichols, premium; (White Eagle by Bush Messenger,
and out of a Morgan Mare,) Wm. Nichols, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 409

Best Stallion for harness, three years and under four ; James T. Nichols, premium; T. W.
Lewis certificate.

Best Stallion for harness, two years and under three, Isaac Knight, premium; Jas. B. Curl,
certificate.

Best Stallion for harness, one year and under two, John Cromwell, premium; Wash. Red
mon, certificate.

Best Stallion for harness, under one year, Henry Nichols, premium; W. Turney, certificate.

Best Mare, four years and over, for harness, T. P. Lair, premium; Col. Moore, of Clarke,
certificate.

Best Mare, three years and under four, for harness, John Berry, premium; Wm. Abbott,
certificate.

Best Mare, two years and under three, for harness, A. C. Shropshire, premium; M. T. Smith,
certificate.

Best Marc, one year and under two, for harness, Harvey Parker, premium; Wash. Redmon,
certificate.

Best Mare, under one year, for harness, Caleb Walton, premium; Harvey S. Parker, certi
ficate.

Best pair Carriage Horses, John F. Payne, of Scott, premium.

Best Gelding for harness, four years and over, H. Nichols, premium; James Cleveland, cer-
tificate.

Best Gelding for harness, three years and under four, John Cromwell, premium; Will. H.
Dills, certificate.

Gelding for harness, two years and under three, Robert Nutter, premium.

Best Saddle Stallion, four years and over, James Talbott, premium; Sol. Rice, certificate.

Best Saddle Stallion, three years and under four, John F. Payne, premium; Conrad, certifi
cate.

Best Saddle Stallion, two years and under three, James Faulkner, premium; John Griffith,
certificate.

Best Saddle Stallion, one year and under two, Wm. Cromwell, premium.

Best Saddle Stallion, under one year, James Brock, premium.

Mares for Saddle, one year and under tn r o, Wm. Cromwell, premium; Joe Lail, certificate.

Best Brood Mare, Sol. Redmon, premium; Geo. Redmon, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Stallion of any age, Sol. Redmon, premium; M. L. Broadwell, certificate.
Best Mare of any age, Col. John H. Moore, premium; Robert Pepper, certificate.
Best Gelding of any age, Charles Kimbrough, premium; Jas. Miller, certificate.

Maj. JAMES R. CURRY'S ADDRESS.
Mr. President and gentlemen of the Harrison County Agricultural and Mechanioal Association:
Under any circumstances I would feel my inability to enlighten you on the subject of
Agriculture, but upon the present occasion, having been called upon to address you without
previous preparation, the only merit which I will be able to claim will probably be brevity
I will therefore present the few remarks which I shall make in as small a compass as practi "

cable.

General good health is enjoyed by the community; the earth is yielding an abundant in-
crease; its products are commanding a fair and remunerative price, and the arms of com-
merce are extended to our very door to receive them at our hands; bright visions of fu-
ture comfort and opulence rise in prospect before the farmer, as he surveys his broad
fields, almost groaning under the weight of their valuable products. Times of rejoicing have
been common to all nations and people, and is certainly peculiarly appropriate on the present
occasion.

To enable us properly to appreciate the happy circumstances under which we are assembled
here to day, it will not be amiss to look back at the hardships and difficulties with which the
early inhabitants of this region had to contend. It is within the recollection of him who ad-
dresses you, that the whole neighborhood was thrown into a state of alarm and excitement
from the fact that, not more than a quarter of a mile, from where we are now assembled, a
man splitting rails near the house, was shot by an Indian lurking in the bushes. Then our
largest farms were but small in the midst of a dense and heavy forest. We had nothing
dignified with the name of field; it was corn patch, wheat patch, turnip patch, or flax patch.
When a man, with a family, died, it was understood as an admitted fact, that he had the

4 1 REPORT OF THE

unfinished clearing of one of these patches on hand. When the men of a neighborhood met
together, at a house raising, log-rolling, or corn shucking, the question was not, how can we
improve our stock of horses, cattle, sheep, or hogs, or what improvements can be made in
the implements of husbandry; but, whether the country could ever become populous. We
had the soil and climate, but were so remote from commerce, that it was believed that many
of the necessary articles of living, then high, would, with the increase of population, become
so exhorbitant in price as to prevent the permanent prosperity of the country.

Take, among a number which might be named, one article as an instance. We had to go
to the Blue Licks, Grant's Lick, the Big Bone Lick, Man's Lick, or Bullitt's Lick, for our
salt, and buy it then warm from the kettle at seven or eight cents a pound, and pack it home
on horse back, in which operation, near a fourth often dripped away in bitter water. The vi-
cinity of a Mill, or a Smith's Shop, imparted a visible increase of value to the land in the
neighborhood, and the old barshear plow was considered the ne plus ultra of farming imple-
ments. A few merchants came among us, and when they went eastward for their periodical
supplies, some two months previous a horse or horses were purchased and shod, then their
specie was packed, and sometimes their wills made, and at their departure there was a sol-
emn leave taking of family relations and friends; and after a three months absence, on their
return home, a general in gathering of neighbors to rejoice at their safe arrival. Population
however continued gradually to increase; the forest after a while began visibly to disappear,
and the people turned their eyes to the father of waters as their future channel of commerce;
barges began to be built for its navigation, and the time was when the arrival of Poynts'
Barge, Red Red Rover, at the wharf of Maysville, would excite more curiosity and talk
through the country than the arrival of a hundred first class steamboats at the wharf of Cin-
cinnati would do now.

Our present central position was then considered the far west, during all which time, not-
withstanding the vicissitudes through which we passed, the commercial, agricultural and me-
chanical resources of the country have been in a constant process of development, and we are
assembled this day to compare products, award premiums, and rejoice over the prosperity of
our country, teeming with its millions of happy people.

But, Mr. President, and you my friends, have we no other duties to perform? — are there not
some things in our social condition which could be improved? Some inconvenieucies which
could be remedied? Why do we send abroad for so many articles necessary for the success-
ful prosecution of our domestic affairs? It has not been many years since the passage of a
neat carriage along our streets attracted attention, and excited au inquiry whether some stran-
ger had not come to town. Now, a carriage or buggy is considered an article of indispensible
necessity to almost every family, and we feel a glow of satisfaction and pride on seeing such
articles, manufactured in our own town, entering at the surrounding Fairs into successful com-
petition with, and taking premiums from similar articles manufactured or made abroad. Why
might we not have other articles of more immediate necessity and in continued demand made
at home? We have the mind, the energy, the industry, and the raw material. Then, why
do we send abroad for so many articles of convenience and necessity, which could be as well
made at home, and probably at a less cost?

Are we not behind the people in some other parts of the country, in the cultivation of the
various fruits in their several varieties? and also in our horticultural operations? and do we
not owe it to ourselves to pay a little more attention to these several branches of industry
and amusement? Even the cultivation of flowers is a matter worthy of attention. In passing
through the country, however humble the dwelling, if it has an adjacent, well laid out flower
garden, ever so small, or even a crock of delicate flowers in the window, an idea of accom-
panying refinement and hospitality suggests itself to the mind, and if weary, we desire to rest
at such a place.

Ailow me to mention one other subject, which it would be well for the agricultural commu
nity to take into consideration. Even in the inferior animals, you consider training as essen-
tially necessary to develope their capacities for the uses to which you intend to apply them.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 411

If you intend your son for a doctor, a preacher, or a lawyer, you first have imparted to him
a theoretical knowledge of his profession. If he is to be a lawyer, you put him under the
care of some respectable practitioner, or at least you require him to read the book3 of Black-
atone, Kent, Story, Parsons, and others; you then send him to some law school, where he ob-
tains his diploma, and then you consider him only prepared to enter on the threshhold of the
practical duties of his profession. Taught by experience, we now appreciate the advantages
of a scientific education, to mechanical and manufacturing pursuits; whilst we seem to consi-
der every one born with all the knowledge necessary to the profitable cultivation of the soil.

In other States they have Agricultural Colleges, where are taught all those sciences and
branches of education, which can be made subservient to Agricultural pursuits. They then en-
ter upon the practical duties of life with a store of knowledge laid up, to use as occasion may
require. Is it reasonable to suppose that your son, without any such education, can, in com
mencing business, successfully compete with one educated and previously prepared for the
practical avocations of his future life. The time has been when the agriculturalists in this
neighborhood could truthfully say, that the clearing of his grounds, the building of his fences,
the construction of his houses and other improvements, so occupied his time that he had no
leisure to devote to the acquisition of knowledge. That time is past. Among our people with
our domestic institutions, our farmers in good circumstances, have more time which they can
command and call their own than any other class of our community, and therefore they are
without excuse if they remain ignorant of those subjects with which they ought to be well ac-
quainted. We have the soil the climate and the industry, but all these advantages will not
supply the want of a previous agricultural education.

Then the question occurs, how is it to be obtained? Allow me to suggest that you have a
Normal School, founded by the State, for the education of teachers, and if you choose to con-
tinue that institution, would it not be well to have a professorship or department connected
with it devoted to imparting that instruction necessary to the successful prosecution of agri-
cultural and mechanical pursuits. You are also taxed for the support of Common Schools, the
blessings of which you cannot too highly appreciate; but in the selection of teachers, if more
care was taken to employ none but those capable of imparting a good theoretical knowledge
of agriculture and its adjuncts, would not the objects for which Common Schools were estab-
lished be more perfectly accomplished.

The iron arm of commerce has been extended to our door, to receive whatever we have to
spare, and return a fair equivalent. There are portions of our county in which these advan-
tages are much more imperfectly enjoyed, and I submit it to you whether it would not be an
act of justice to them, as well as to ourselves, to adopt some plan to increase the commercial
facilities of each portion of our county. Would it not be well enough, whenever, by an as-
sociated effort, any portion of our people could show that they were able to defray any consid-
erable portion of the expense of making a good road from any part of our county to another,
to encourage the county in its corporate capacity, to supply the balance of the means necessary
to accomplish the object. I will not attempt, in advance, to suggest any details.

Although a pecuniary revenue might not for a while result from the investment, yet it
would be but a short time before we would, in various ways, be paid, many times the value of
the expenditure. I am aware that there is a class of very worthy people who oppose every
thing like improvement, under a mistaken belief that it will injure portions of our people 1
They opposed the building of Steamboats, because as they supposed it would throw fiat boat
builders and navigators out of employment. They were opposed to the Lexington and Mays
ville turnpike, because it would shut up their taverns, destroy the market for chickens, oats,
corn, and hay, and throw a large portion of their wagons and teams out of business. Steam"
boats however were built, and flat boat builders and navigators found more profitable employ-
ment in other branches of industry. The Lexington and Maysville road has been made, and
markets have continued to improve, and farmers have found it more profitable to employ their
horses in raising, rather than in transporting the products of the soil. They opposed every la-
bor saving machine, because their tendency was, as they supposed, to reduce the price of la-
bor; their predictions have never been verified, but they object still.

412 REPORT OF THE

When the Agriculturalist, the Mechanic, and the Manufacturer, look abroad over the length
and breadth of our laud, and see the iron and stone network with which our country, in all its
parts, is bound together, they may truly, with pride and satisfaction, say, all this is the result
of our industry, energy, and enterprize; and if the religious and moral culture of our people
shall only receive the same attention, so soon as the great works of internal improvement now
in course of construction shall have been completed, they will probably be able to say, we
have wrought a work with power and force enough to hold the thick clustering stars of our
confederacy in one bright constellation as long as time shall last.

HENDERSON, HOPKINS AND UNION AGRICULTURAL, HORTICULTURAL,
SCIENTIFIC AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

In May 1856 an Association, styled "The Henderson, Hopkins and Union Agricultural,
Horticultural, Scientific and Mechanical Association," was duly organized, and the following
officers were elected for the ensuing year, viz: A. J. Anderson, of Henderson, President;
M. S. Hancock, of Henderson, Milton Young, of Union, and Daniel White, of Hopkins, Vice
Presidents; C. H. Powell, Treasurer; Cuthbert Powell, Recording Secretary; William Mc-
Clean, Grant Green, W. T. Barret, A. W. Haskins, W. S. Elam, R. H. Alves, John McCor-
mick, and John J. Towles, of Henderson, George Payne, of Union, and Richard Dunville, of
Hopkins, Directors.

We held our first Fair on the 21st, 22d, 23d, and 24th of October, 1856, which far exceeded
our most sanguine expections. The report of which has already been published — see pages,
143, 144, 145, 146, and 147 of this Report.

On the 20th March, 1857, we held our annual meeting for the election of officers, for the en-
suing year, when the following gentlemen were elected, viz: W. T. Barret, of Henderson,
President; M. S. Hancock, of Henderson, Milton Young, of Union, and Daniel White, of
Hopkins, Vice Presidents; James Alves, Geo. M. Priest, W. J. Marshall, Walter A. Towles,
R. H. Alves, John McCormick, and John J. Towles, of Henderson, Geo. M. Proctor, C. H.
Smith, and J. W. Payne, of Union, and Richard Dunville, of Hopkins, Directors; L. H. Lyne,
Treasurer; W. A. Hopkins, Recording and Corresponding Secretary.

We number about three hundred members, and our list is still increasing. The grounds of
the Society contain twenty-seven acres, enclosed by a high and substantial plank fence, upon
which are erected neat and substantial stalls for three hundred head of stock, a Cottage, Me-
chanics Hall, and Industrial Hall, and an Amphitheatre capable of containing about seven
thousand persons, together with all other usual buildings, and fixtures of the best quality.
Total cost about $16,000. The use of the grounds and buildings having been relinquished to
the State Agricultural Society no Fair will be held by this Society in 1857.

The Society has already exercised a highly beneficial influence upon the county and still
greater benefits are expected in future. W. A. HOPKINS, Secretary.

KENTON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.
U* No Report has been received by the Corresponding Secretary of the Kentucky State
Agricultural Society from this Association for 1857.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 413

KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

Benjamin Gratz, President; G. D. Hunt, Vice President; D. W. Standeford, Secretary; A.
Lawell, Treasurer; Abraham Vanmeter, Joel Higgins, William Warfield, Edward Oldham,
James Foley, Jacob Hughes, of Fayette, Robert S. Taylor, of Clarke, J. C. Willmore, of
Jessamine, R. A. Alexaader, of Woodford, and A. J. Viley, of Scott, Directors. The follow-
ing gentlemen are Honorary Vice Presidents: James Gaines, of Scott, Philip Swigert, of
Franklin, J. W. Mcllvaine, of Woodford, Wm. Clark, of Jessamine, Waller Chenault, of
Madison, James H. G. Bush, of Clarke, Samuel H. Clay, of Bourbon, W. J. Moberly, of
Mecer, Wm. Sudduth, of Bath, J. P. Fisher, of Poyle, R. Roberts, of Harrison, Joseph Gent-
ry, of Lincoln, Edward D. Hobbs.of Jefferson; Morris Thomas, of Shelby, Marcus Everett, of
Montgomery, Squire T. Leavel, of Garrard.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL

ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

MANUFACTURES — WOOL.

Fine Jeans, not less than ten yards, - - - $ 8 00

Negro Jeans, not less than ten yards, 3 00

Linsey, best specimen, ten yards, 5 00

Flannel, ten yards, - - 3 00

Carpet, home made, not less than ten yards, - - - ■ • - - - - - 5 00

Pair Woo'en Hose, - 1 00

Pair Half Hose, by a girl under twelve years old, 1 00

Pair Blankets, - 5 00

Bed Spread or Coverlet, 3 00

Judges — Isaac W. Scott, Lexington; Lewis Sublett, Versailles; John Taliaferro, Winches-
ter; Samuel Lewis, Harrodsburg; John C. Cochran, Lexington.

COTTON.

Twilled Cotton Cloth, best specimen, ten yards, 3 00

Plain Cotton Cloth, best specimen, ten yards, ------- 3 00

Pair Cotton Hose, home made, 1 00

Pair Cotton Half hose, by a girl under twelve years old, 1 00

Best six dozen Cotton Warp, 5, 6, or 700, 5 00

SILK.

Sewing Silk, not less than four ounces, --------- 3 00

Silk Hose, home made, ------------3 00

Silk Embroidery, 3 00

Silk Mitts or Gloves, 1 00

Silk Handkerchief, 2 00

ARTICLES OF WOOL, COTTON, <tC.

Jeans Coat, cut, made and pressed by a lady, - - 5 00

Linen or Cotton Shirt, made bv a girl under twelve years old, - - - - - 2 00

Full suit of Clothes by a Tailor, 5 00

Wooled Shawl, 5 00

Fancy Bonnet, 5 00

Fly Brush, 1 00

Needle Embroidery, woolen, 3 00

Silk Quilt, patch work, 10 00

Worsted Quilt, 10 00

O" H. Shaw & Co. offer for the best Calico Patch work Quilt, a set of Fashionable

Stone Martin Furs, 60 00

Also, for the second best, a set of Fine Fitch Furs, 30 00

The premium Calico Quilts to be given to II. Shaw & Co.

Judges — Henry Bell, James Elliott, James Shropshire, Lexington; A. L. McAfte, Nicholas-
vllle; Frank Lyon, Georgetown.

U The Secretary will receive any or all of the foregoing articles intended for exhibition,
at the store of Warner & Standeford, Cheapside, during the week preceding the Fair, which
will enable him to have them selected and arranged for the exhibition.

ARTISTIC

Oil Paintings, 5 00

Ambrotypes, 5 00

414 REPORT OF THE

Daguerreotypes, 5 00

Photographs, 5 00

Pictures made of ornamental leather, 3 00

Judges — Josh. Bush, Louisville; JVI. C. Johnson, Lexington; Paul Schmidt, Walnut Hill;
Leonard Wheeler, Lexington.

HEMP AND FLAX.

Cotton Bagging, 100 yards, 10 00

Coil Rope, 100 pounds, 5 00

Linen Diaper, 10 yards, - - 3 00

Hemp Linen, 10 yards, ........... 3 00

Flax Linen, 10 yards, 3 00

Tow Linen, 10 yards, 2 00

Sewing Thread, 5 pounds, 2 00

Judges — M. Brown, Nieholasville; David Thornton, Versailles; Zeb. Ward, Frankfort;
Richard Spurr, Fayette; Col. C. J. Sanders, Lexington.

CABINET AND CARPENTERS' WORK.

Wardrobe, 10 00

Bureau, 10 00

Sideboard, 10 00

What Not, 5 00

Book Case, ... 10 00

Sofa and half dozen Chairs, 10 00

Piano, 10 00

Judges — C. Shryock, Lexington; Joseph Millward, Lexington; Charles Douglas, George-
town; John Smith, Versailles; John Lackius, Lexington.

HATS.

Fur Hat, 5 00

Silk Hat, .-.- - 3 00

Wool Hat, - 1 00

Straw or Chip Hat, 1 00

Judges — S. Figg, Garrard; Robert Young, Jessamine; J. H. Donelson, Richmond; Joseph
Porter, Paris.

BOOTS AND SHOES.

Pair Men's Boots, - 5 00

Pair Ladies' Shoes, - - - 3 00

Pair Shoes made by a lady, - - 3 00

Pair coarse Negro Shoes, ------------2 00

Judges — W. D. Ranger, Lexington; J. C. Butler, Lexington; Thos. H. Gilliss, Lexington;
W. M. Todd, Frankfort; S. R. Betts, Georgetown.

LEATHER.

Side of Sole Leather, ............ 3 00

Side of Upper Leather, ...... ......3 00

Side of Harness Leather, 3 00

Side of Skirting Leather, 3 00

Half dozen Calf Skins, 5 00

Half dozen Hog Skins, 5 00

Half dozen Dog Skins, 3 00

Judges — Thomas White, Lexington; A. J. Wilson, Boyle; R. B. Young, Lexington; Austin
Smithy, .Nieholasville; H. Townsend, Lexington.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND USEFUL MACHINES.

Two horse Plow, for sod, 10 00

Two horse Plow, for stubble, 10 00

One horse Plow, 5 00

Large Harrow, plan and material, - 3 00

Roller, 3 00

Cultivator, 3 00

Wagon, large or small, - - 10 00

One horse Cart, 5 00

Cutting Box, plan and material, 3 00

Hemp Break, 3 00

Mowing Cradle, 2 00

Half dozen Hemp Hooks, 2 00

Plantation Gate, - - -. - - - - - 5 00

IJ'md Gear for Wagon, 3 00

Specimen Horse Power, 10 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 415

Pump, plan and material, - - 5 00

Threshing Machine, 10 00

Reaping Machine, 10 00

Mowing Machine, - - - 10 00

Portable Steam Engine, 20 00

Corn Shelter, 3 00

Corn Crusher, --.-...------- 3 00

Wheat Fan, - 3 00

Hay Rake, 3 00

Ox Yoke, plan, material and workmanship, 3 00

A portable engine will be on the grounds during the Fair, for the purpose of driving any
machinery which may be exhibited.

Judges— John Clark, Fayette; Higgins Lewis, Fayette; Henry Clay, Jr., Bourbon; Lewis H.
Chrism an, Jessamine; M. B. Gratz, Woodford; George Cowgill, Fayette.

SILVER AND OTHER WARE.

Specimen of Silver Ware, 10 00

Specimen of Copper, - 5 00

Specimen of Marble or Stone Cutting, ........... 8 00

Mantel of Kentucky Marble, - 5 00

Judges — Edgar Needham, Louisville; E. Macalister, Lexington; F. K. Hunt, Lexington;
Gen. P. Dudley, Frankfort.

GUNS.

Rifle, - 5 00

Shot, 5 00

Judges — Frank Preston, Mason; Thomas Wilson, Lexington, Lewis West, Georgetown;
Jack Stubblefield, Clarke.

CARRIAGES, BUGGIES AND HARNESS.

Carriage, 10 00

Buggy, - 8 00

Set Double Harness, 8 00

Buggy Harness, 5 00

Saddle and Bridle, 5 00

Judges — Parker Craig, Lexington; O. P Beard, Lexington; Wm. McCracken, Lexington;
Wm. Galpin, Lexington; A. W. Forward, Georgetown.

IRON, c£C.

Specimen of Hollow Ware, 3 00

Specimen of Solid Castings, - 3 00

Specimen of Fancy Castings, 3 00

Cooking Range Stove, 10 00

Parlor Stove, 3 00

Grate, 3 00

Bar Iron, 5 00

Judges— Joseph Lanckhart, Lexington; Thomas Bradley, Lexington; A. E. Chamberlain,
Cincinnati; J. Henry Thomas, Louisville; W. D. Parish, Lexington.

AGRICULTURAL — PRODUCTS OF THE FIELD.

Corn, largest yield per acre of live acres, 10 00

Corn, best dozen ears for bread, .......... '1 00

Corn, best dozen ears for stock, 1 ('0

Wheat, largest yield per acre of five acres, 10 00

Wheat, best specimen of one bushel, 7 00

Oats, largest yield per acre of five acres, 7 00

Oats, best specimen of one bushel, 1 00

Meadow, Timothy, largest yield per acre of five acres, .... 7 00

Meadow, Clover, largest yield per acre of five acres, 7 00

Barley, largest yield per acre of five acres, ........ 7 00

Rye, largest yield per acre of five acres, 7 00

Hemp, best fifty six pounds entirely dew rot from break, of last years growth, - 7 00

WarerRoited Hemp, fifty six pounds, 7 00

0*(E;ich sample to be accompanied by satisfactory proof that the sample is a fair one of a
crop of not less than a ton of last year's crop.

Clover Seed, not less than one bushel best and cleanest Kentucky, raised, - - 7 00

Timothy Seed, not less than one bushel, best and cleanest Kentucky raised, - - 3 00

Judges— Warren Rogers, Bourbon; John Golf, Jefferson; Dr. A. Herst, Versailles; Wm.

Voorhies, Woodford; Randolph Railey, Woodford; George Brown, Jessamine; Dr. R. J.
Breckinridge, Fayette; John butler, Jessamine.

416 REPORT OF THE

ORCHARD.

Apples, best display of good varieties, 5 00

Apples, best variety, not less than one peck, 3 00

Peaches, best display of good varieties, --------- 5 00

Peaches; best variety, not less than one dozen, - - - - - - - 3 00

Pears, best display of good varieties, --------- 5 00

Pears, best variety, not less than one peck, 3 00

Plums, display of good varieties, --..---.--3 00

Apricots, display of good varieties, - - - - 3 00

Nectarines, display of good varieties, ... 3 00

Quinces, best dozen, .... 3 00

Grapes, display of hardy varieties, - - - - -'- - - - - 5 00

Grapes, display grown under glass, - - 5 00

Kentucky Wine, six bottles; 7 00

Judges. — Fontleroy Jones, Clarke; John H Moore, Clarke; Lawrence Young, Louisville;
James O. Hervey, Jessamine; John Thatcher, Louisville.

GARDEN.

Potatoes, largest yield of halt an acre, - $ 5 00

Potatoes, best display of varieties, ----- 5 00

Potatoes, sweet or yam specimen not less than on% bushel, 5 00

Potatoes, sweet, best display of good varieties, 5 00

Tomatoes, best display of good varieties, 3 00

Cabbage, best six heads of drum, 2 50

Cabbage, best six heads of Flat Dutch, - 2 50

Turnips, best dozen for table, 1 00

Beets, best dozen for table, 1 00

Beets, best dozen for stock, ----------- l 00

Parsnips, best dozen for table, - 1 00

Carrots, best halt-peck for stock, ----------- 1 00

Celery, best dozen branches, ------ -----2 00

Salsify, best dozen branches, 1 00

Onions, best peck, 1 00

Eggplants, best half dozen, 100

Cantelopes, best half dozen, ------ 2 00

Watermelons, best half dozen, ... 3 00

Best and greatest variety of vegetables raised by exhibitor, 10 00

Judges — Joseph Hearne, Fayette; Thomas Bigger, Maysville Cemetery; George Fishback,
Clarke; Chas. S. Bell, Lexington; Robt. Carmichael, Chicago; W. P, Daniel, Jessamine.

FLOWERS.

Best display of Flowers, in crocks, tubs, &c, $ 5 00

Handsomest Boquet, 2 50

Handsomest Floral Design, 2 50

Largest and handsomest display of Cut Flowers, - - 2 50

Judges — P. S. Fall, Frankfort; Victor M. Flournoy, Fayette; S. D. McCullough, Fayette.

POULTRY.

Best display of Poultry, $10 00

DAIRY, <tC.

Butter, best three pounds, - - - - $ 5 00

Cheese, best ten pounds, - 5 00

Honey, best ten pounds, 5 00

Bread, loaf of light wheat, 1 00

Bread, loaf of corn, 1 00

Barrel of Flour, - 5 00

Barrel of Meal, - 2 00

Ham, cooked, 5 00

Best assorted Confectionery, ----- 5 00

Best specimen of Candles, twenty pounds, -------- 2 00

Best specimen of Soap, twenty pounds, 2 00

Judges. — Hon J. C. Breckinridge, Lexington; John Oldham, Fayette; J. J. Bullock, Fay-
ette; Geoge Weddle, Lexington; Richard Allen, Fayette; David C. Humphreys, Woodford;
Dr. David Bell, Lexington; Dr. E. Warfield, Fayette.

Fruits, cut flowers and garden vegetables, butter, cheese and honey, are regarded as dona-
tions to the Society, and a3 such to be sold at auction.

Persons competing for a premium for the largest yield per acre, or half acre, are to have
the ground measured by a competent surveyor and must produce his certificate aa to the quan-
tity in cultivation.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 417

Persona competing for premiums on Corn to have the ground measured by a surveyor with
chain and compass, who must make affidavit of the correctness of his survey, and two or more
persons, in no wise related to or interested with the exhibitor, to make affidavit to the gath-
ering and measuring of the corn from an average acre. The corn to be left standing until No-
vember 1st— to be measured in a sealed half-bushel, and number of bushels stated to tho
President, and the premium to be awarded to him who, from the proof, shall have produced
the largest quantity on the five acres.

In ascertaining the quantity of wheat, oats, barley, and meadow, an average acre shall be
set apart and surveyed as above, and the yield of this acre cut and measured, or weighed, to
itself; a certificate thereof to be signed by three disinterested persons.

Persons competing for premiums who are not members of the Association, must pay to the
Treasurer five dollars.

CARRIAGE AND BUGGY HORSES.

Best pair Carriage Horses, $ 10 00

Best pair Buggy Horses, ---------- . . 10 00

Best pair Buggy Mares, - - 10 00

Best, Pony, rode by a hoy under thirteen years of age, 5 00

Judges. — Asa McConathy, Fayette; Gen. L. Desha, Harrison; Dr. John A. Tomlinson, Har
rodsburg; George McCounell, Woodford; John H. Cooper, Fayette; Elisha Smith, Fayette.

SECOND DAY.

LIVE STOCK — ^REEDING CATTLE, KNOWN A8 SUCH.

Best Bull, four years old and upwards, $ 10 00

Best Bull, three years old and under four, 10 00

Best Bull two years old and under three, 10 00

Best Bull, one year old and under two, - - - - 8 00

Best Bull, under one year old, ----------- 8 00

Best Cow, four years old and upwards, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Cow, three years old and under four, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Cow, two years old and under three, 10 00

Best Cow, one year old and under two, 8 00

Best Cow, under one year old, - - - - - - - - - - - 8 00

Judges. — George Moore, Mason county, Va ; R. R. Seymour, Chillicothe, Ohio; James M
Trimble, Hillsborough, Ohio; Col. Wm Thompson, Keokuk, Iowa; James Renick, Bourbon
county, Ky.; Alex. S. Mathews, Wytheville, Va ; J. N. Brown, Berlin, Illinois; Henry Jacoby,
Springfield, Illinois; H. M. H. Taylor, Clarke county, Ky.; John A. Gano, Bourbon county,
Ky ; Isaac Shelby, Richland.

OPEN RING FOR ALL AGES AND KINDS.

Best Bull, $ 15 00

Best Cow, 15 00

Judges — Chas. S. Brent, Paris. Ky.; A. K. Marshall, Mayslick. Ky.; Harness Renick, Chil-
licothe, Ohio; Elias Florence, Ohio; Jos. Wasson, Lexington, Ky.; Rev. Ryland T. Dillard,
Fayette county, Ky.; A. Watts, Chillicothe, Ohio; J. G. Dunn, Lexington, Ky.; Nelson Dud-
ley, Fayette county, Ky.; L. G Morris, Mount Fordham, New York.

ALDERNY, DEVON, HEREFORD AND AYRESHIRE.

Best Bull, Aldernv, $10 00

Best Cow, Alderny, 10 00

Best Bull, Devon, 10 00

Best Cow, Devon, - 10 00

Best Bull, Hereford, 10 00

Best Cow, Hereford, 10 00

Best Bull, Ayrshire, 10 00

Best Cow, Ayrshire, 10 00

The above premiums only to be given when there is competition.

Judges. — John Havs, Bloomingburg, Ohio; R. H. Van Ransalear, Morris, N. Y.; J. M.
Brown, Bloomfield. Ohio; Calvin Fletcher, Indianapolis. Ind.; Geo. W. Barnett, Lockport,
111.; Daniel R. McNeil, Moorefield, Va.; John Garrett, Woodford; Charles Bright, Woodford;
Thos. Moore, Winchester; Elijah Bryan, Fayette; John Guest, Fayette.

FAT CATTLE.

Bpst Fat Bullock, four years old and upward, $ 10 00

Best Free Martin, Spayed Heifer or Cow, four years old and upward, - - - 10 00

Best Fat Bullock, three years old and under four, ------- 8 00

Best Free Mai tin, Spayed Heifer or Cow, three years old and under four, - - 8 00
Best Fat Bullock, Free Martin, Speyed Heifer or Cow, two years old and under three,, 8 00

Best Fat Bullock, Free Martin, Speyed Heifer or Cow, one year old and under two, 8 00

Best Fat Bullock, Free Martin, Speyed Heifer or Cow, under one year old, - - 5 00

Five best Fat Sheep, 10 00

418 REPORT OF THE

OXEN.

Best Yoke of Oxen, three years old and upward, $ 10 00

Best Yoke of Oxen, under three years old, 8 00

Judges. — Westley Hoggins, Covington; Wm. Garner, Clarke; J. C. Vanmeter, Fayette; J.
G. Kinnard, Fayette; J. H. Sheffer, Fayette; Jos. Hughes, Boone; Lewis Reim, Louisville;
E. L. Huffman, Louisville; C. VV. Inuis, F'ayette; Jos. P. Chenault, Madison; Tho. H. Shel-
by, Sr.; Isaac Barkley, Jessamine.

SHEEP.

Long Wool, Cotswold, Leicester, Bakewell and New Oxfordshire, best Buck, - - % 10 00

Long Wool, best vearling Buck, " • - - - 8 00

Long Wool, best Ewe, 1000

Long Wool, best yearling Ewe, 8 00

Middle Wool, Sourhdown, best Buck, 10 00

Middle Wool, Southdown, best vearling Buck, - 8 00

Middle Wool, Southdown, best Ewe, 10 00

Middle Wool, Southdown, best yearling Ewe, ....... 8 00

Fine Wool, Saxon and Merino, best Buck, 10 00

Fine Wool, Saxon and Merino, best Ewe, 10 00

Best p;iir Lambs, 8 00

Judges. — Mark R. Cockrill, Nashville, Tenn.; Isaac Miller, Clarke; Charles T. Garrard,
Bourbon; Wm. Garrett, Woodford; Leo Lewis, Fayette; Tucker Woodson, Jessamine; Robt.
Boggs, Fayette; M. M. Clay, Bourbon.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Buck, any breed, $ 10 CO

Best Ewe, any" breed, 10 00

Judges — S. P. Kenney, Jessamine; Ben. Warfield, Fayette; Geo. Bedford, Bourbon; E. P.
Gaines, Scott; Arabia Jennings, Garrard; John G. James, Fayette; Wm. Berry, Fayette.

HOGS.

Boar, two years old and upward, - - - - $ 10 00

Boar, one year old and under two, ......... 8 00

Boar, six months old and under one year, - 5 00

Sow, two years old and upward, .......... 10 00

Sow, one year old and under two, 8 00

Sow, pig, six months old and under'one year, 5 00

Pair Pigs, under si-x months old, 5 00

Five Fat Hogs, Barrows or Sows, ---------- 10 00

Judges — Samuel Chorn, Montgomery; Wm. Tanner, Bourbon; James H. McCampbell, Jes
samine; Caldwell Campbell, Madison; Gabriel J. Salter, Garrard; John Daniel, Clarke; Jno
•C. Hull, Louisville; Noah McClelland, Lexington.

THIRD DAY.

LIVE STOCK — BLOODED STALLIONS.

Stallion, four years old and upward, - - - - 10 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, - - It) 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, - - 10 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, 8 q0

Stud Colt under one year old, 8 00

BLOODED BROOD MARES KNOWN AS BRF.EDEDS.

Mare, four years old and upward, - - - - - - - ... - 10 00

Mare, three years old and under four, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Mare, two years old and under three, 10 00

Mare, one year old and under two, ......... 8 00

Mare Colt under one year old, 8 00

Pedigrees of the above must be handed to the Secretary previous to the Exhibition.

Judges — Charles S. Buford, Rock Island, Illinois; Samuel Davenport, Boyle; James K.
Dnke, Fayette; Ralph Tarlton, Oldham; James Ford, Woodford; Robert Malory, Oldham;
Henry W. F;irris, Crab Orchard; James W. Ware, Berryville, Virginia; Edward E Eajjle,
Fayette; John R. Viley, Fayette; John A. Holton, Frankfort; G. B. Long, Hopkinsville;
George W. Johnson, Scott.

DRAUGHT STALLIONS.

Stallion, three years old and upward, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, 8 00

BROOD MARES FOR DRAUGHT.

Mare, three years old and upward, - - 10 00

Mare, two years old and under three, 8 00

Best Draught GeldiDg, 10 00 ■

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Judges — H. Parish, Scott; Newton Craig, Scott; Edward Allen, Fayette; John Giltner,
Bour.iou; VV. S. Cleveland, Woodford; James Rodes, Fayette; William .Nutter, Fayette;
Granville Smith, Payette.

muj.es.
Horse Mule, two years old and upward, - - - - - - - -ID 00

ttorse Mule, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Horse Mule Colt, ... 8 00

Mare Mule, two years old and upward, ........ 1U 00

Mare Mule, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Mare Mule Cult,, S 00

Pair broke Mules, - 10 00

Judyt-s—C. R Estill, Madison; Montgomery Parker, Fayette; Rankin Roberts, Jessamine;
John A. Duncan, Madison; John MeMekin, Scott; Len. V leming, Woodford; Joseph Putter-
Sun, Scoti; Lewis Payne, Woodford; N. T. Lee, Boyle; K. F. Price, Jessamine.

JENNETS.

Jennet, four years old and upward, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Jennet, three years old and under four, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Jennet, two years old and under three, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Jennet, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Jennet, under one year old, -- - - - - - - - - - 8 00

(

\ JACKS.

Jack, four years old and upward. 10 00

Jack, three years old and under four, ... ...... 10 00

Jack, two years old and under three, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Jack, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Jack, under one year old, ......... -8 00

Judges — G.'S. Shanklin, Jessamine; Jack Viley, Randolph county, Missouri; Thomas H*
Embry, Madison; Anthony Killgore, Masou; Gen. W. Johnson, Scott; James McKee, Wood-
lord, 1 homas K. Salter, Garrard.

PREMIUMS FOR ALL AGES AND KINDS,

Including previous Premium Animals.

Jacks, 15 00

Jennets, 15 00

Judges — John F. Payne, Scott; Levi Prewitt. Fayette; Leland W. Peak, Scott; Isaac Shel-
bv, Sr., Fayette; Daniel W. Jones, Boyle; John Park, Madison; Thomas Carr, Sr., Fayette;
Thomas Hughes, Fayette.

FOURTH DAY.

LIVE STOCK STALLIONS FOR HARNESS.

Stallion, four years old and upward — To be exhibited in harness, - - - - 10 00

Stallion, three years old and tinder four — To be exhibited in harness, - - 10 00

Stallion, two years old and under three — To be exhibited in or out of harness, - 10 00

Stallion, one year old. and under two — To be exhibited in or out of harness, - - 8 00
Stallion, under one year old, ------- --.-8 00

M\RES FOR HARNESS.

Mare, four years old and upward — To be exhibited in harness, - - - - 10 00

Mare, three yems old and under four — To be exhibited in harness, - - - - 10 00

Mare, two years old and under three — To be exhibited in or out of harness, - - 8 00
Mare, one year old and under two — To be exhibited in or out of harness, - - 8 00

Mare, under one year old, ...... ...-8 00

Judges — Warren Viley, Woodford; W. R. Duncan, Clarke county; William Burch, Mis,
souii; W. W. Hedges, Bourbon; John Smith, Cincinuati; Granville S. Williams, Fraukfort-
N. J. Smith, Pleasureville.

GELDINGS FOR HARNESS.

Gelding, four years old and upward — In harness, - - - - - - - 10 00

Gelding, three years old and under four — In harness, - - - - - . 10 00

Gelding, two years old and under three — In or out of harness, - - - - 10 00

Judges — Willis Jones, Woodford; Thomas H. Hunt, Louisville; Dr. Ray, Sr., Bourbon;
Chares G. Mcllattou, Bridgton, St. Louis county, Missouri; H G. S. Williams, Memphis,
Tennessee; Silas Evans, Fayette; Robert J. Ward, Louisville; Buford Bohaunon, Wood-
ford.

OPEN RING FOR GELDINGS.

Gelding, of all ages and kinds, in or out of harness, - - - - - - 10 00

Judges — Frank Sherret, Scott; Dr. A. Smith, Scott; Dr. J. R. Desha, Fayette; Col Dun-
lap, Fayette; R. T. Torian, Hopkinsville; John Hall, Shelby; Mason Heury, Woodford.

420 REPORT OF THE

SADDLE HORSED AND MARES.

Stallion, four years old and upward — To be exhibited under paddle.
Stallion, three years old *nd under four — To t>e exhibited under saddle,
Stallion, two years old and under three — To be exhibited under saddle,

BROOD MARES FOR SADDLE.

Mare, four years old and upward,

Mare, three years old and under four, ------

Mare, two years old and under three, ------

GELDINGS.

Gelding, four years old and upward, ... - .

Gelding, three years old hii'i] under four, -

Gelding, two years old an i under three, --------

Judges— lle'nry C. MeC.nnell, Woodford; Milton Hudson, Favette; Eliphalet M-ir, Jr.,
Faieiie; W. L. Vance. Woodford; Samuel Woodtord, Midway; James A. Beasly, Garrard;
Robert Bullock, Fajette

PREMUMS FOR ALL AGES AND KINDS.

Including previous Premium Animals.

Stallions, ■ ' 15 00

Mar^s 15 00

Judges— R. M Johnson, Scott; Press Gray, Woodford; William R. Estill, Fayette; Lewis
Cast einan. Fayette; Gaudre J Rowland, Louisville; J tines O'Bauuon, Henry; Roy Scewart,
Lincoln; Joseph Gross, Fayette; R. J. Pepper, Woodlord; F. G. Murphy, Bardstown.

The Fair will open each morning at 9 o'clock, by which hour entries should be made.

All premiums from seven dollars up will be paid in Silver Plate, under that amount in Gold
Coin, or in any article of the same value, at the option of the successful party, except where
a different kind of premium is expressly provided for.

No aged animal or article which has taken a premium at a previous Fair of the Association,
shall compete for a premium, except when the lingis open to animals of all kinds and ages.

No animal shall compete tor more than one premium, except iu the open ring.

The Association being desirous of advancing Agriculture and the Mechanical Arts, solicits
competition for premiums from all quarters.

Perpetual Membership, f 45 — Annual Membership, $4 — both of which, together with the
Life Membership, will peimittbe family to enter the grounds and exhibit stock or other arti-
cles with rut extra charge.

Life Members can, by surrendering their certificate and paying $20, become. Perpetual
Members of the Association, which gives them an interest in all the property belonging to the
Association.

A certificate of such membership is saleable and transferable on the books of the Associa-
tion.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHAN-
ICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857,

FIRST DAY.

MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, Mrs. D. R, Caldwell. Lincolu'. premium; Mrs. T. J. Grimes, Bourbon, certificate.

Negro Jeans, Richard Loud, Lexington, premium; D. H Bosworth & Son, Lexington, cer-
tificate.

Linsey, Mrs. D R. Caldwell, Lincoln, premium and certificate.

Flannel, Mrs. Mary Hart, Fayette, premium; Mrs. T. J. Grimes, Bourbon, certificate.

Caipet, Mrs Richard Allen, Tennessee, premium.

Woolen Hose, Mis. Mary Hart, Fayette, premium; Mrs. T. J. Grimes, Bourbon, certificate.

Blankets, Mrs J. T Ware, Bourbon, premium; Mrs. Sarah Hughes, Fayette, certificate.

BedSpread or Coverlet, Mrs. W. Webster, Fayette, premium.

Cotton Half Hose, Miss Grimes, Fayette, premium.

Best six doz Cotton Yarn, Oldham & Scott, Lexington, premium; I. W. Scott, Lexington,
certificate.

Sewing Silk, Mrs. T. J Grimes, Bourbon, premium.

Silk Hose, Mrs. T. J. Grimes, Bourbon, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETV. 421

Silk Embroidery, Miss H. F. S. Wood, Fayette, premium, Mrs. J T. Sharrard, Danville,
certificate.

Silk H mdkerchief, Mrs. T. J. Grimes. B Mirbon, premium.

Shut, Miss J. Ridgley, premium, (Miss R. is under 12 years of age;) Miss Byrns, Shelby,
certificate, (Miss B. is under 12 years of age )

Full Suit Clothes, J. fl. VVerts, Lexington, premium.

Fancy Bonnet, Mrs. Solomon Lowe, Fayette, premium.

Needle Embroidery, woolen, Mrs. Gibson Taylor, Oldham, premium; Mrs. S. B. Scarce,
Woodford, certificate.

Silk Quilt, patch work, Mrs. J. K. Thompson, Fayette, 'premium; Mrs. Charles D. Carr,
Lexington, certificate.

Worsted Quilt, Mrs. Aaron Byrns, Shelby, premium; Mrs. Gibson Taylor, Oldham, cer-
tificate. \

Calico Quilt, Shaw & Co.'s/premium; Mrs. W. A. Pullum, Fayette, certificate.

Calico Quilt, Association, Airs. M. A. Craig, Fayette, premium; Mrs. John B. Huston,
Clarke, certificate.

Ambrotvpes, W. R. Phipp*, Lexington, premium.

Daguerreotypes, VV. R Phipps, Lexington, premium.

Photographs, J. C. Elrod, Lexington, certificate.

Bigging, (100 yds.,) Z 'b Ward, premium and certificate.

Coil Rope. (100 lbs.,) L. C Randall & Co., Lexington, premium.

Linen Diaper, Mrs D. R Caldwell, Lincoln, premium and certificate.

Flax Linen, Mrs. T. J. Grimes, Bourbon, premium

Tow Linen, Mrs.'D. R. Caldwell, Lincoln, premium; Mrs. T. J. Grimes, of Bourbon, cer-
tificate.

Sewing Thread, Mrs. T. J. Grimes, Bourbon, premium.

Wardrobe, Joseph Mil ward, Lexington, premium; Patterson & Erd, Lexington, certificate.

Bureau, Patterson & Erd, Lexington, premium.

Sideboard, Patterson & Erd, Lexington, premium.

What Not, Patterson & Erd. Lexington, premium; Jos. Milward, Lexington, certificate.

Book Case, Patterson &, Erd. Lexington, premium.

Sofa and half doz. Chairs, Patterson & Erd, Lexington, premium; Joseph Milward, Lex-
ington, certificate.

Piano, Daniel Weihl, Lexington, premium.

Fur Hat, H. Shaw <& Co.. Lexington, premium; T. J. Adams, Georgetown, certificate.

Silk Hat, T. J. Adams, Georgetown, premium; H. Shaw &, Co., Lexington, certificate.

Wool Hat, H. Shaw &, Co., Lexington, premium,

Straw Hat, T. J. Adams, Georgetown, premium.

Shoes made by a Lady. Mrs G. TaUor, Oldham, premium.

Side Sole Leather, P. E. Yeiser, Lexington, premium; H VV Rood, Lexington, certificate.

Side Upper Leather, H. VV. Reed, Lexington, premium; P. E. Yeisrr, Lexington, certifi-
cate.

Side Harness Leather, P. E. Yeiser, Lexington, premium; H. W. Reed, Lexington, certifi-
cate.

Side Skirting Leather, H. W. Reed, Lexington, premium.

Half dozen Calf Skins, (fair) H. VV . Reed, Lexington, premium.

Half dozen Calf Skins, (black) P. E. Yeiser, Lexington, premium.

Half dozen Hog Skins, H. VV. Reed, Lexington, premium

Halt dozen Dog Skins, H. VV Reed, Lexington, premium.

Two horse Plow for sod, J.J. Nichols, Fayette, premium.

Two horse Plow for stubble, J J. Nichols, premium and certificate'.

One horse Plow, J J. Nichols, premium.

Roller, Oldham & Scott, Fayette, premium.

Cultivator, S. H Montgomery, premium.

Wagon, II. F. Cromwell, Cuithiana, premium; J J. Nichols, Fayette, certificate.

Cutting Box, G. B. Griffin, Harrisburg, Pa., premium.

Plantation Gate, Oldham & Scott, Fayette, premium.

Ladd & Lathrop's Rotary Harrow, J. F Reiser, Lexington, premium.

Reaping Machine, Granville Smith. Fayette, premium.

Mowing Machine, R. L Allen, N. Y , premium.

Corn Crusher, Geo. G. Hopkins. Pa., premium.

Specimen of Silver Ware, F. Yeiser & Co., Lexington, premium.

Specimen of Stone Cutting, M. Pruden, Lexington, premium

Carriages, Galpin & Simpson, Lexington, premium; N Cropper. Lexington, certificate.

Buggy, A. VV Forwood, Georgetown, premium; Galpin & Simpson, Lexington, certificate.

Set Double Harness, J. P. Tingle, Lexington, premium.

Set Single Harness, J. P. Tingle, Lexington, premium and certificate.

Corn, best dozen for Bread, T. J. Grimes, Bourbon, premium; E. R. Smith, Fayette, certifi-
cate.

REPORT OF THE

Corn, best dozen for Stock, G. H. Bosworth, Fayette, premium; Jos. A. Humphreys, Wood-
ford, certificate.

Wheat, largest yield per acre of five acres, J. C. Lemon, Scott, premium; C. Talbott, Fay-
ette, certificate.

Wheat. best specimen of one bushel, Samuel Maddox, Fayette, premium; Jas. M. Fishoack,
Fayette, certificate.

Oats, best specimen of one bushel, Samuel Maddox, Fayette, premium; Joseph Hearne,
Fayette, certificate.

R.ve, largest yieid per acre of five acres. Dr. Hurst, Woodford, premium.

Water- Rotted Hemp, (fifty six pounds) Capt,. A. Buford, Woodford, premium.

Apples, best display of good varieties, Jas. Foley, Fayette, premium.

Apples, best variety not less than a peek, Jas. Foley, premium.

Peaches, best display of good varieties. Jas Foley, premium.

Peaches, best variety not less than a dozen, James Foley, premium.

Pears, best display of good varieties, M. C Johnson, Lexington, premium.

Plums, best display of good varieties, Jas. Foley, Fayette, premium.

Nectarines, best display of good varieties, Jas. Foley, premium.

Quinces, best dozen, W. A. Pullum, Fayette, premium.

Grapes, display of hardy varieties, Jas. Foley, Fayette, premium.

Grapes, display grown under glass, Joel Higgins, Lexington, Dremium.

Kentucky Wine, six bottles, G. H. Withers. Danville, premium.

Potatoes, largest yield of half an acre, W. S. Chipley. Lexington, premium.

Potatoes, best display of varieties, Samuel Farar, Fayette, premium; J. W. Mctlvaine,
Woodford, certificate.

Potatoes, Sweet or Yam, specimen not less than one bushel. Jas. Foley, premium.

Potatoes, Sweet or Yam, display of variety, Jas. Folev, premium.

Tomatoes, best display of varieties, John McCracken, Lexington, premium; G. W. Bos-
worth, Fayette, certificate.

Cabbage, best six heads, drum, Joseph Hearne, Favette, premium.

Cabbage, best six heads, Flat Dutch, R Wickliffe, Lexington, premium.

Turnips, best dozen for table, Thos. Bryan, Fayette, premium.

Beets, best dozen lor table, Jus. Foley, Fayette, premium.

Beets, best dozen for siock, Jas. Foley, premium.

Parsnips, best dozen lor table, J W. Mcllvaine, Woodford, premium.

Carrots, half peck for stock, G W. Bosworth,- Fayette, premium.

Celery, best dozen, branches, J W. Mcllvaine, Woodford, premium.

Salsify, best dozen branches, J. W. Sullivan, Fayette, premium.

Onions, best peck, Granville Smith, Fayette, premium.

Egg Plant, best half dozen, W. S. Chipley, Lexington, premium.

Cautelopes, best half dozen, Saml. Farrar, Fayette, premium.

Water Melons, G H. Bosworth, Fayette, premium.

Best, and greatest variety of vegetables, Jas. Foley, Fayette, premium.

Best displ y of Flowers in crocks and tobs. Mrs j B. Clay, Fayette, premium.

Handsomest Boquet, G H. Withers, Danville, premium.

Handsomest Flon.l Design, Miss Sue Scott, Lexington, premium.

Largest and Handsomest display of Cut Flowers, Miss Sue Scott, Lexington, premium.

Best display of Poultry, Win. Adams, Fayette, premium; Mrs. E.B. Coleman, Fayette, cer-
tificate.

Butter, best three pounds, Mrs. W. R. Duncan, Clarke, premium; Mrs. Robt McClanahan,
Fayette, certificate.

Cheese, best ten pounds, Mrs. Dr. Hurst, premium; Mrs. Jno. B. Johnson, Fayette, 'certifi-
cate.

Honev, best ten pounds, A. B. Bowman, Fayette, premium.

Loaf Bread of Light Wheat, Miss Kate Brand, Lexington, premium; Mrs. W. R. Estill,
Fayette, certificate.

Loaf Bread, corn, Miss Sallie Houghton, Fayette, premium.

Barrel Flour, F. Montmollin, Lexington, premium; Jas. H. Elgin, Fayette, certificate.

Barrel Meal, Oldham & Scott, Fayette, premium.

Ham, cooked, Mrs. Ann E. Allen, Fayette, premium; Mr3. W. R. Estill, Fayette, certificate.

Best pair Carriage Horses, John F. Payne, Scott, premium; J. B. Waller, Fayette, certifi-
cate.

Best pair Buggy Horses, J. B. Clay, Fayette, premium; W. H. Applegate, Georgetown, cer-
tificate.

Best pair Buggy Mares, A. H. Brand, Fayette, premium; Thos. H. Shelby, Jr., Fayette, cer-
tificate.

Pony, rode by Boy under thirteen years old, J. B. Clay, Jr., Fayette, premium; R. S. Taylor,
Clarke, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 423

SECOND DAY.

BREEDING CATTLE KNOWN AS SUCH.

Bull, four years old and upwards, Dr. E. Warfield, of Fayette, premium; George M. Bed-
ford, of Bourbon, certificate.

Bull, three and under four years, Thos. Hughes, of Fayette, premium; J. T. McClelland, of
Fayette, certificate.

Bull, two and under three years, C. T. Garrard, of Bourbon, premium; J. W. Pritchett, of
Fayette, certificate.

Bull, one And under two years, R. A. Alexander, of Woodford, premium; Payne &, Viley, of
Favette, certificate.

Bull, under one year old, W. R. Duncan, of Clarke, premium ; Dr. E. Warfield, of Fayette,
certificate.

Cow, four years old and upwards, W. Warfield, of Fayette, premium; Solomon Vanmeter, of
Fayette, certificate.

Cow, three years and under four, Albert Allen, of Fayette, premium; John Curd, of Fay-
ette, certificate"

Cow, two years and under three, Dr. E. Warfield, of Fayette, premium; George M. Bed-
ford, of Bourbon, certificate.

Cow, one year and under two, R. A. Alexander, of Woodford, premium and certificate.

Cow, under one year old, VV . R. Duncan, of Clarke, premium; Charles Bright, of Wood-
ford, certificate.
■

OPEN RING FOR ALL AGES AND KINDS.

Best Bull, R. A. Alexander of Woodford, premium; C. T. Garrard, of Bourbon, certificate.
Best Cow, R. A. Alexander, of Woodford, premium and certificate.

(An Alderny Cow and Ayrshire Bull and Cow, were exhibited by R. A. Alexander, but as
there was no competition there were no awards made )
Best Hereford Bull, W. H. Lotham, New York, premium.
Best Hereford Cow, W. H. Lotham, New York, premium.

FAT CATTLE.

Fat Bullock, five years old Isaac Shelby, of Fayette, premium and certificate.

Fat Bullock, four years old, Isaac Shelby, of Fayette, premium; W. Adams, of Fayette,
certificate

Free Martin, Spayed Heifer or Cow, five years old, Isaac Shelby, of Fayette, premium and
certificate.

Free Martin, Spayed Heifer or Cow, four years old, Isaac Shelby, of Fayette, premiem; W.
R. Estill, of Fayette, certificate.

Fat Bullock, three years old and under four, Nat. Shropshire, of Garrard, premium; Isaac
Shelby, of Fayette, certificate.

Free Martin, Spayed Heifer or Cow, three years old and under four, Isaac Shelby, of Fay-
ette, premium and certificate.

Fat Bullock, Free Martin, Spayed Heifer or Cow, two years old and under three, Luke
Hopkins, of Shelby, premium; W. S. Carter, of Fayette, certificate.

Fat Bullock, Free Martin, Spayed Heifer or Cow, one year old and under two, R. A. Alex-
ander, of Woodford, premium and certificate.

Fat Bullock, Free Martin, Spayed Heifer or Cow, under one year, Abrm. Vanmeter, Jr., of
Clarke, premium; W. Adams, of Fayette, certificate.

FAT SHEEP.

Five best Fat Sheep, J. M. Calloway, of Henry, premium; James Foley, of Fayette, cer-
tificate.

OXEN.

Best Yoke of Oxen, three years old and over, Benj. Warfield, of Fayette, premium; J.
Delph, of Fayette, certificate.

Yoke of Oxen, under three years, R. T. Dillard, of Fayette, premium; W. D. Sutherland,
of Clarke, certificate.

SHEEP.

Buck, Long Wool, S. H. Lewis, of Fayette, premium; R. T. Dillard, of Fayette, certifi-
cate.

Yearling Buck, Long Wool, Isaac Smith, of Clarke, premium; R. A. Alexander, of Wood-
ford, certificate.

Ewe, Long Wool, S. H. Lewis, of Fayette, premium; R. A. Alexander, of Woodford, cer-
tificate.

Yearling Ewe, Long Wool, R. T. Dillard, of Fayette, premium ; R. A. Alexander, of Wood-
ford, certificate.

Buck, Middle Wool, R. A.Alexander, of Woodford, premium; C. M. Clay, of Madison,,
certificate.

424 REPORT OF THE

Ewe, Middle Wool, R. A. Alexander, of Woodford, premium and certificate.

Yearling Ewe, Middle Wool, R. A. Alexander, premium and certificate.

Buck, Fine Wool, James Calloway, Sr., of Henry, premium.

Ewe, Fine Wool, James Calloway, Sr , of Henry, premium.

Best Pair Lambs, John W. Cromwell, of Fayette, premium; R. T. Dillard, of Fayette, cer-
tificate.

Best Buck of any breed, Isaac Smith, of Clarke, premium; R. A. Alexander, of Woodford,
certificate.

Best Ewe of any breed, E. P. Gaines, of Scott, premium and certificate.

HOGS.

Boar two years old and upwards, James Foley, of Fayette, premium; Ab'm Vanmeter' Jr.,
of Claike, certificate.

Boar one and under two years, Samuel H. Clay, of Bourbon, premium.

Boar six months and under one year, Joel Higgins, of Fayette, premium.

Sow two years old and upwards, M. Downing, of Fayette, premium; W. R. Estill, of Fay-
ette, certificate.

Sow one and under two years, W. R. Estill, of Fayette, premium.

Sow Pig six months and under one year, W. R. Estill, premium; Joel Higgins, of Fayette,
certificate.

Best pair Pigs under six months old, Gen. Wm. Bryan, of Fayette, premium; Dr. L. P.
Tarlton, of Fayette, certificate.

Best five Fat Hogs, Oldham & Scott, of Fayette, premium.

THIRD DAY.

BLOODED STALLIONS.

Stallions four years old and upwards, Capt. A. Buford, Woodford, (Sovereign) premium;
James L. Bradley, of Fayette, (Vandal) certificate.

Stallions three and under four years/Clay & Wingate, of Fayette, premium; N. Craig, of
Scott, certificate.

Stallions two and under three years, Thomns Embry, of Madison, premium; J. L. Downing,
of Fayette, certificate.

Stallions one and under two years, John M. Clay, of Fayette, premium; Thos. H. Payne, of
Fayette, certificate.

Stud Colts under one year, Webb Ross, of Scott, premium; E. Warfield, of Fayette, cer-
tificate.

BLOODED BROOD MARES KNOWN AS BREEDERS.

Mares four years old and upwards, R. A. Alexander, of Woodlord, premium; J. C Montague,
of Fayette, certificate.

Mares three and under four years, W. F. Jones, of Woodford, premium.

Mares two and under three years, Dr. B. W. Dudley, of Fayette, premium; R. A. Alexan-
der, certificate.

Mares one and under two years, R. A. Alexander, premium; E. Warfield, of Fayette, cer-
tificate.

Mare Colts under one year old, Thomas H. Clay, of Fayette, premium; E. R. Smith, of
Fayette, certificate.

DRAFT STALLIONS.

Stallions three years old and upwards, George Cleveland, of Jessamine, premium.
Stallions two and under three years, A. J. Alexander, of Woodford, premium; Jos Graves,
of Fayette, certificate.

BROOD MARES FOR DRAFT.

Mares three years old and upwards, H. C. Bowman, of Fayette, premium; G. L. Chiles, of
Fayette, certificate.

Mares two and under three years, G. L. Chiles, of Fayette, premium; Robt. Hays, of Fay-
ette, certificate.

Best Draft Gelding, Hartwell Ethrington, of Fayette, premium; M. Downing, of Fayette,
certificate.

MULES.

Horse Mule one and under two years, John F. Payne, of Scott, premium; Wilson Hunt, of
Fayette, certificate.

Horse Mule Colt, Samuel Muir, of Fayette, premium; Dory Veal, of Fayette, certificate.

Mare Mule two years old and upwards, W. R. Estill, of Fayette, premium; Johu Thorns, of
Fayette, certificate.

Mare Mule one and under two years, W. T. Calmes, of Fayette, premium; John F. Payne,
of Scott, certifiente.

Mare Mule Colt, George M. Victor, of Bourbon, premium; W. R. Estill, of Fayette, cer-
tificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 425

Best pair Broke Mules, VV. R. Duncan, of Clarke, premium; J. S. Sinclair, of Scott, certifi-
cate.

JENNETS.

Jennet, four years old and upwards, Harrison Thomson, of Clarke, premium; W. L. Suth-
erland, of Clarke, certificate.

Jennet, three and under four years, Fred. Adams, of Jessamine, premium; Jos. Graves, of
Fayette, certificate.

Jennet, two and under three years, Dudley Tribble, of Madison, premium.

Jennet, one and under two years, George M Proctor, of Boyle, premium.

Jennet, under one year old, VV. Hays, of Fayette, premium; A. Blackwell, of Clarke, cer-
tificate.

JACKS.

Jack, four years old and upward, S. J. Salvers, of Fayette, premium.

Jack, three and under four years, J. F Payne, of Scott, premium; VV. T. Calmes, of Fay-
ette, certificate.

Jack, two and under three year3, Daniel Talbott, of Boyle, premium; J. H. Sheffer, of Fay-
ette, certificate.

Jack, one and under two years, S. D. Talbott, of Boyle, premium; VV. R. Duncan, of Clarke,
certificate.

Jack, under one year old, A. F. Eastin, of Fayette, premium; VV. H. Rearden, of Scott,
certificate.

Jack, open ring, including previous premium animals, Danl. Talbott, of Boyle, premium;
John F.Payne, of Scott, certificate.

Jennet, open ring, including previous premium animals, Dudley Tribble, of Madison, pre-
mium; Harrison Thompson, of Gierke, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

HARNESS AND SADDLE HORSES — STALLIONS FOR HARNESS.

Stallion, four years old and upwards, Jas. T. Nichols, of Harrison, premium; E. J. Smith,
of Fayette, certificate.

Stallion, three and under four years, Jas. T. Nichols, of Harrison, premium; V. L. Suther-
land, of Clarke, certificate.

Stallion, two and under three years, Robt. Garrett, of Woodford, premium; R. A. Alexan-
der, of Woodford, certificate.

Stallion, one and under two years, VVm. Richardson, of Fayette, premium; VVm. Wright,
of Fayette, certificate.

Stallion, under one year old, H. T. Nichols, of Harrison, premium; N. S. Lee, of Boyle,
certificate.

BROOD MARES FOR HARNESS.

Mares, four years old and upwards, VV. Higgins, of Fayette, premium ; W. A. Neil, of Ohio,
certificate.

Mares, three and under four years, T. L. Coons, of Fayette, premium; W. Abbott, of Scott,
certificate.

Mares, two and under three years, Harrison Thompson, of Clarke, premium; Jno. P. Shrop
shire, of Scott, certificate.

Mares, one and under two year3, H. S. Parker, of Fayette, premium; Robert Garrett, of
Woodlord, certificate.

Mares, uuder one year old, H. S. Parker, of Fayette, premium; Caleb Walton, of Harrison,
certificate.

GELDINGS FOR HARNESS.

Geldings, four years old and upwards, Scott Browu, of Franklin, premium; J. E. Eastin, of
Fayette, certificate.

Geldings, three and under four years, N. T. Lee, of Boyle, premium; J. E. Eastin, of Fay-
ette, certificate

Geldings, two and under three years, Capt. Allison, of Georgia, premium.

Open Ring for Geldings, of all ages and kinds, Scott Brown, of Franklin, premium; Capt.
Allison, of Georgia, certificate.

STALLIONS FOR SADDLE.

Stallions, four years old and upwards, W. H. Nelson, of Montgomery, premium; J. R.
Moss, of Henry, certificate.

Stallions, three and under four years, J. F. Payne, of Scott, premium; VV. F. Rose, of Jes-
samine, certificate.

Stallions, two and under three years, James Faulkner, of Fayette, premium; T. VV. Lewis,
of Clarke, certificate.

Stallions, one and under two years, W. V. Cromwell, of Fayette, premium; Payne Mar-
shall, of Scott, certificate.

Stallions, under one year old, G. A. Spranger, of Scott, premium; S. J. Salyers, of Fayette,
certificate.

426

RF.PORT OF THE

BROOD MARE* FOR SADDLE.

Mare, four years old and upward, R. P. Pepper, Woodford, premium; P. E. Todhunter,
Fayette, certificate.

Mare, three years old and under four, T. W. Lewis, Clarke premium; John E. Darnaby,
Fayette, certificate.

Mare, two years old and under three, George W. Neat, Jessamine; premium; Leo. Thomas,
Scott, certificate.

Mare, one year old and under two, E. P. Gaines, Scott, premium; G. A. Sprangen, Scott,
certificate. ,

Mare, under one year old, W. F. Rose, Jessamine, premium; Leo. Thomas, Scott, certifi-
cate.

GELDINGS FOR SADDLE.

Gelding, four years old and upward, Robert Nutter, Fayette, premium; B. T. Vivion,
Clarke, certificate.

Gelding, three years old and under four, Logan Railey, Woodford, premium; A. P. Wil-
liams, Frankfort, certifirrte.

Gelding, two years old and under three, Robert Prewitt, Fayette, premium; Z. Elkin,
Clarke, certificate.

PREMIUMS FOR ALL AGES AND KINDS,

Including previous Premium Animals.

Stallions, of all atres and kinds, open Ring, J T.Nichols, Harrison, premium; Robert
Garrett, Woodford, certificate.

Mares, of all ages and kinds, open Ring — G. D. Hunt, Fayette, premium; Richard Down-
ing. Jr., Favette, certificate.

The three following Rings were made during the three last days of the Fair:

Extra Ring for Carriage Horses — Sanford Davis, Scott, premium; J. B. Waller, Fayette,
certificate

Extra Ring for Buggy Mares — R. P. Pepper, Woodford, premium; W. A. Neal, Ohio,
certificate.

Extra Ring for Saddle Mares — W. T. Hughes, Fayette, premium; J. F. Payne, Scott, cer-
tificate.

KENTUCKY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

This Institution was established about fifteen years ago, and was ushered into existence
mainly by the efforts of a few citizens of the county of Jefferson and city of Louisville, prom-
inent among whom were Dr. James C. Johnson, L. L. Shreve, Thomas Smith, Hamilton
Smith, John P. Morton, E. D. Hobbs, and L. Young. Soon after organization, one of its
earliest Presidents, H. Smith, made a judicious step in the right direction by importing from
England and elsewhere, and distributing freely among the members, a choice lot of kitchen
garden and flower seeds, together with cuttings and trees of many rare and select fruits. Many
other membeis have followed so good an example, until the displays which now adorn the So-
ciety's tables have become very choice and very varied.

In its earlier years of existence this enterprise made but little progress in winning public
favor. Its honors of membership seemed too expensive to suit the popular taste, so that, at
its second or third annual exhibition, its whole body of contributors consisted of a very small
band, insomuch that croakers declared it to be a failure as a public exhibition, and that it

was a misnomor to call it anything but 's display — that individual being a very large

contributor.

Subsequently a great reduction was made in the annual cost of membership, and strong in-
ducements held out to practical cultivators to join in the enterprise, the most efficient of
which was the establishment, during the fruit season, of weekly shows and auction sales of
the articles exhibited. In this way every cultivator had an opportunity of obtaining all the
credit due him for his specimens of fruit and his choicest boquets of flowers, and of being re-
munerated at the auction sales with fabulous prices for things extra fine. The finest effects of
this Society's proceedings, and its weekly and annual displays, have been too marked to to be
mistaken upon the producer and consumer; both have been benefitted — the one has learned to

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 427

grow and bring out fruits by system rather than by chance, the other to know and to prize them
far more understandingly. This position a few facts will maintain.

Thus, as late as 184 i, Seckel Pears in the Louisville market were worth about one dollar a
bushel, whilst of late years, though far more abundant, they readily command four dollars per
bushel. Again: when at one of the early exhibitions of the Kentucky Horticultural Society
that most excellent gentleman, R, Buchanan, then President of the Cincinnati Horticultural So-
ciety, kindly consented, on invitation, to lend interest to the occasion, and sent a few choice
specimens of the apple and the pear. Some of the most experienced members of the
Kentucky Horticultural Society were ashamed to place on their own tables specimens they had
thought good; tested by standards with which they had been familiar up to that time. Yet,
these same disconcerted individuals, instructed and stimulated by this opportunity to study
and imitate higher models of excellence, have since won honor9 in the same department upon
the tables of the Cincinnati Society itself. Indeed, the soil of our State is so well suited to
fruit culture, that whatever can withstand the climate can be grown in the highest perfection*
and this is especially true of the peach. It is but justice to our State, and to this Society,
to say, that at the Great World's r air, in London, the first honor was awarded to peaches of
Kentucky growth, and by a member of the Kentucky Horticultural Society.

This Society has in progress one other labor, destined in the end to accomplish much goods
and that is, the settling by close scrutiny and repeated comparisons, a list of fruits suited to
Kentucky and similar localities, as also their order of succession in ripening.

The present officers of the Society are: L. Young, President; E..D. Hobbs, A. Peter, W.
Mix, Vice Presidents; L. P. Yandell, Corresponding Secretary; W. D. Gallagher, Record-
ing Secretary; James Buchanan, Treasurer; C. C. Carey, A. G. Muun, J. A. Moore, H.
Nanz, J. Walker, 0. Hite, A. Lerb, Jno. Thatcher, E. Wilson, Executive Committee.

KENTUCKY MECHANICS' INSTITUTE.
Officers for 1857.— George Ainslie, President; W. H. Dulaney, Vice President; John B.
Davies, Recording Secretary; John D O'Leary, Corresponding Secretary; C. T. Vennigerholz,
Treasurer; B. F. Avery, Robert Skene, W.H.Dix, J. O Campbell, E. Barbaroux, T. G.
Shaw, William Kaye, J. S. Minott, A. H. Patch, James Dangerfield, Directors; D. McPherson,
Actuary

REPORT OF EXHIBITION COMMITTEE.

To the Board of Directors of the Kentucky Mechanics' Institute:

Gentlemen — Your Exhibition Committee submit the following as their Report:
It having been resolved to hold the National Agricultural Fair at this city, commencing on
the first of September, the time for opening our Fifth Annual Exhibition was fixed at an ear-
lier day than usual; when Circulars were issued and extensively distributed, giving the neces-
sary information to those who wished to exhibit and inviting contributions from all parts of
the country. The following is a copy:

CIRCULAR.

The Fifth Exhibition of the Kentucky Mechanics' Institute will be held at their Hall, corner
of Btoadwav and Fourth streets, Louisville, Kv., beginning on Tuesday, the 18th of August,
1P57.

The impulse given to Mechanical Industry and the benefits flowing therefrom render the
holding of our Annual Fairs no longer a problem or experiment. The friends of this Insti-
tution were never more sanguine of the success of any Exhibition than the appronching one.
The natural interest felt by our Mechanic*, Manufacturers and Inventors in an enterprise they
have zealouslv nurtured into a noble achievement., will be ten fold augmpnted by the additional
facilities afforded them at this exhibition in publishing as wide as the Union their acknowl-
edged skill and genius, through the thousands of strangers attracted thither by the great Na-
tional Fair, to be held in Louisville during the progress of our Exhibition.

428 REPORT OF THE

Our citizens have ever responded with alacrity to the calls made upon them to encourage
and loster ihe Annual Fairs of this Institution, by sending forward the products of their toil;
and, while 'heir contributions have elevated the fame of our city and awakened a commenda-
ble spirit, of emulation, they have served to fill our Hall with admiring spectators and our
treasury with the means to supply its Library with those interesting and valuable books daily
demanded by its twelve hundred readers.

To foreign contributors we again extend a cordial invitation. A most favorable opportunity
is now presented you to introduce the evidences of your skill in the industrial pursuits and the
fine arts in the hroad valley of the Mississippi. Let the honorable competition that you will
encount'-r stimulate your inventive faculties, and the laurels you win iu this contest will ever
live green in your memory.

We earnestly and politely solicit the co-operation of the Ladies, whose handiwork has con-
tributed so largely to the interest of our Exhibitions; and, inasmuch as it does not enter into
the plans of the National Fair to offer premiums for your contributions, the Board of Directors
will award discretionary premiums for delicate and ingenious designs from the hand of beauty.

The Committee will make every exertion to aid contributors to display their goods to ad-
vantage.

A Steam Engine and Shafting and a careful Superintendent will be provided that Working
Models of Machinery may be exhibited in motion.

Persons intending to exhibit are requested to inform the Actuary, Mr. D. McPherson, as to
the amount of space and power they will require.

Tin- annexed regulations have been adopted for the government of the Exhibition, and will
be strictly adhered to and enforced. GEO. AlNSLIE,

W. H. DU LANKY,
WILLIAM KAYE,

Louisville, Mav 1, 1857. Exhibition Committee.

REGULATIONS
To be observed at the Fifth Annual Exhibition of the Kentucky Mechanics' Institute, com-
mencing Tuesday, August 18, 1857.

1. The Exhibition Hall will be ready for the reception of goods on Tuesday, August 11,
and opened lor the reception of visitors on Tuesdty. Aug. 18, 1857, at 7 o'clock, P. M.

2. No article deposited after Tuesday, August 18, can be entered for competition or premi-
um, but will be received for exhibition only, except such as the Committee shall be satisfied
were dispatched from a distance in time to have reached ihe Exhibition Hall by that day, but
failed to arrive from unavoidable detention.

3. All articles offered for competition must be of American manufacture, and can only be
entered in the name of the manufacturer or his agent, and must be appropriately designated
and labeled.

4 Depositors must, at the time of entry, furnish the Clerk with a written invoice of all ar-
ticles deposited by them, stating explicitly what articles are entered for competition, and what
for exhibition only; giving the name and address of the maker of all articles entered for
competition , signed by the depositor. A failure to furnish such statement at the time of entry
will exclude such articles from the examination of the Judges.

5. Apprentices and Minors who contribute articles of their own manufacture or invention,
shall specify their age and the time thev hive worked at their business.

6 No article can be removed from the Exhibition after hiving been recorded, without spe-
cial permission of the Committee, to whom written application must be made.

7. Articles designed for exhibition only, will be admitted free of charge.

8. Judges of the respective classes of articles will be appointed previous ti opening the
Exhibition; and from 8 to 10 o'clock each morning will be especially set apart for the exami-
nation of articles, and no persons, except the Exhibition Committee, will be admitted during
thoi-e hours, unless some explanation be desired by the Judges, when all competitors in the
same class will be notified to attend.

9. Proof as to the origin of every article entered must be furnished, if required by the
Judges.

10. Gold. Silver, and Bronze Medals, and Diplomas will be awarded for such articles as the
Judges shall decide to be of superior m''ric, and Special Premiums will be awarded for the
most tieiitorious articles offered in the Exhibition.

11. Each depositor is entitled to a ticket admitting a specified person, if necessary, to take
charge of his goods.

12. All articles deposited will be at the risk of the owners.

1.1. The Hall will be under the care of prudent and caretul men both night and day.

14. Opportunity will be offered to depositors on the night previous to closing the exhibition
of disponing of their articles at auction or otherwise.

15. Any person transferring their tickets shall be deprived of the privileges of the Exhibition.

16. A special day and evening will be set apart for the exhibition of Q. lilts, and the pre-
miums announced the same evening by the President of the Institute, after which the Quilts
may be removed, at the option of the depositors. Premiums as follows:

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 429

For best Silk Quilt, patch-work, $25 00

For best Worsted Quilt, patch work, J5 00

For best Cotton Quilt, patch work, 15 00

For best Cotton Counterpane, patch work, - - 10 01)

For best Cotton and Worsted Counterpane, - 10 00

No premiums will be awarded for these articles when there is only one competitor, and a
charge of five dollars will be made for competing.

17. Articles intended for exhibition at the National Fair may be removed for that purpose,
provided notice be given at the time. of entry.

18. The closing address will be delivered on the last night of the exhibition, and the pre-
miums announced by the President.

19. Articles sent trom a distance should be directed "Kentucky Mechanics' Institute, care
of Thomas McGrain, Louisville, Ky."

The day fixed was so early that we were somewhat late in making preparations, yet opened
at the appointed time; but our exhibitors, many of them, were more dilatory. It was so close
upon the business season that some of them could not make their preparations, others had not
received goods necessary for the purpose, many persons were out of the city, and various other
reasons were given; consequently, at the opening of the Hall, the display was not so good as
it should have been.

The attendance of a great nnmber of strangers being expected, in consequence of the hold-
ing of the National Agricultural Fair at this point, it was resolved to enlarge our Hall, and
it was extended to the alley in the rear, making an addition of about 18 by 100 feet on the
ground, and the galleries were also extended. We think the extension a great improvement,
and it was found necessary while the National Fair continued, for the Hall was crowded every
night, and many persons, as it was, could not get in at all.

The display, though at first rather meagre, improved gradually and rapidly after the opening
even until the close, and was very creditable. As to the receipts, this exhibition was perhaps
the best yet held. In one night, Tuesday, September 1st, very nearly 2,0U0 tickets were sold
at the door, about four hundred more than were ever sold before in one night; yet circum-
stances were not more favorable than usual, for, although the receipts during the holding of
the National Fair was very great, they fell off in a corresponding degree the succeeding week,
our people being tired out, and having spent their spate cash, and many other places of amuse-
ment being open — in addition to which, during the second week, the weather was very un-
favorable.

Our expenditures were not so great as last year, but still have been considerable. The exten-
sion of the Hall cost over $600, a new boiler more than $'M\i, with several other unusual
items, most of which, however, are chargable to Stock Account. An the other hand, the
running expenses were somewhat smaller than heretofore.

The alterations made, and the outlay for them, admoi.ish us of the necessity of a perma-
nent building, when such expenditures will cease to be necessary. As it is, one year we build
a temporary house, the next make alterations in it, the next take down, remove, and re erect
it, and the next enlarge it, &c; all which eat up our receipts.

The following is the financial statement :

EXHIBITION ACCOUNT.

DEBITS.

To building addition to Exhibition Hall, and repairs, - - - - - $ 541 60

To roofing, 65 47

To decorations, 270 00

To cotton for ceiling and tables, 42 55

To bagging for floor of galleries, - - 58 31

To work on gas fixtures, force pump, pipe and fittings, &c, .... 107 00

To setting boiler, 60 00

To new boiler, 320 13

To new chimney, pipe, flanges, &c., - 16(1 30

To safety valve, - - - - 18 00

To new fire front, grate bars, gum belting, &e., 114 41

Amount carried forward, - $1,757 77

430

BEPORT OF THE

Amount brought forward, $1,757 77

To removing and putting up shafting, extension of shafting, pipe, &c, - - 188 15

To tank, and repairing same, - 25 25

To whitewashing Exhibition. Hall, - 73 00

To lumber, sash, &c, 107 55

To painting and glnzing, 27 55

To catpenter's work on tables, &e., 54 90

To ticket seller, 75 00

To door keepers and police, 355 00

To engineer, - 40 00

To laoorers, 177 05

To musicians, 291 70

To water for boiler, 29 50

To coal for boiler, 35 00

To gas, 256 40

To drayage, cartage, &c, - 1 1 60

To postage, 13 90

To printing and advertWng, ---------- 252 00

To printing reports, ....---.--- BO 0Q

To premiums, ------ ..... 379 00

To bad money, .-..----..-- 26 10

To insurance on Exhibition Hall, • 62 50

To sundry small items, amounting to, 25 35

Total, $ 4.344 32

CREDITS.

By Minors' Season Tickets, - - - - - $ 93 00

Bv Entrance Fees, 26 00

By Kent ot Rel'r. shment Saloon, - - - 184 00

Bv Commissions at Auction Sale, --------- 10 30

By Sale of Tickets at Hotels, 31 00

Bv Cash at Door, Tuesday, August 18. $ 87 P5

By Cash at, Door, Wednesday, August 19, .... 6275

Bv Cash at Door,Thursday, August 20, .... 72 70

By Cash at Door, Friday, August 21. 77 25

Bv Cash at Door, Saturday, August 22, - 58 00

By Cash at Door, Monday, August 24, 123 00

By Cash at Door, Tuesday. August 25, 1110 00

By Cash at Door, Wednesday. August 26, .... 14 00

By Ca*h at Door, Thursday, August 27, .... 6 5 50

By Cash at Door, Fridav, August 28, 165 50

Bv Cash at Door, Saturday, August 29, .... 11350

By Cash at Door, Monday, August 31, 344 00

By Ca.-h at Door, Tuesday, September 1, .... 49200

By Ca;-h at Door, Wednesday, September 2, - - - - 445 25

By Cash at Door, Thursday, September 3, 457 75

By Cash at Door, Friday, September 4, .... 377 00

By Cash at Door, Saturday, September 5, - - - - 125 00

By Ca^h at Door, Monday, September 7, - - - - 78 50

By Cash at Door, Tuesdav. September 8, - - - - 54 00

By Cash at Door, Wednesday, September 9, - - - - 55 00

By Cash at Door, Thursday, September 10, - 85 75

By Cash at Door, Friday, September 11, .... 3775

By Cash at Door, Saturday, September 12, 21 50

By Cash at Door, Monday, September 14, .... 0000

Bv Cash at Door, Tuesday, September 15, 140 00

3,641 55

Total Cash Receipts, $3,985 85

By Amount Boiler, Chimney, Fire front, Safety-valve, Cotton, Bagging, Pipe,
Roofing, Sash, Addition to Hall, Shafting, Dies, &c, Chargeable to Stock
Account, 1,585 89

Total Credits, $ 5,571 74

Total Charges, 4,344 32

Net Profit, $1,227 42

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 431

The Exhibition was opened on Tuesday evening, the 18th of August, with an address by
Geo W. Morris, Esq., and was closed ou Tuesday evening, September 15, with an address by
C. D. Kiik, Esq ; it was open twenty five nights, exclusive of Sundays.

Our hope is that our Mechanics and Manufacturers may see and feel the benefits to be de-
rived from these Exhibitions, when they will continue to increase in interest and utility.

Respectfully, GEORGE A1NSL1E,

WM. KAYE,
D. McPherson, Sec. Exhib. Committee. Exhibition Committee.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE KENTUCKY MECHANICS' INSTITUTE, FOR

1857.

Mrs. M Sinclair, listing carpet, diploma.

James Fenton &. Son, Madison Indiana, twine, sash cord, &c, silver medal.
J. M Armstrong, mens and boys clothing, silver medal.
Thomas Williams in Co., agents for glass globes, honorable mention.
Vogt &. Klink, for home made jewelry, silver medal.
J J Hirschbulil, chronometer, honorable mention.
Wm. W isehart, Big Spring, Ky.j for saddle, diploma
D O'Hare, trunks, silver medal.

Boston Belting Company, for gum belting, honorable mention.
J. R & C A. Baker, child's cabs, diploma.
A. McBride, for carpenters tools, silver medal.
David Johnson, for stone composite cap, diploma.
A. C. llarig, for case of locks, silver medal.
George Brobston, agent patent door spring, honorable mention.
Barbaroux, Snowden & Co., iron railing, honorable mentiou

Wallace, Lilhguw & Co., marbleized mantles, enameled grates, hollow ware, &c , silver
medal.

David Smith, Portland, for horse shoes, diploma.

John Pearce, for boiler and flue, silver medal.

Barbaroux, Snowden & Co., wrohght iron (urging, silver medal.

J George Dodge, stock bells, silver medal.

Metcalfe & Bro , lor still, cap, and worm, silver medal.

Thomas Williams At Co., finished brass, silver medal.

Barbaroux, Snowden & Co., brass castings, silver medal.

Robert Biggs, second best display ot brass castings and finished brass, silver medal.

T. A. Ken , patent safety whiffletree, diploma.

A. O Broad, patent cotton bail lie, diploma.

A. O. Broad, mill-pick, bronze medal.

T. Ward, lor combination plow, diploma.

Brinley & Davis, Simpsonville, Ky., lor best sod plow, diploma.

B F. Avery, for good and cheap Southern plows, s Ivei medal.

Milier, Wingate &, Co , best combined reaper and mower, silver medal.

Miller, Wingate & Co , horse power and thresher, diploma.

Glover & Co., for horizontal steam engine, silver medal.

Barbaroux, Snowden ti. Co , inverted vertical engine, silver medal.

H. F. Ward, for patent governor, silver medal.

E. G. Allen, Boston, Mass , paient steam gagne, silver medal.

Wood & De Vaughan, Washington, D. C . scroll sawing machine, diploma.

Richard Dabb, model engines, silver medal.

A. F. Ward, design lor hemp brake, -honorable mention.

Dr. Carpenter, miniature steam engine, diploma.

Mr. Francis, life -boat, bronze medal.

H. W Wilkes & Sou, specimens o( Washburn's iron wire, honorable mention.

Fitts & Wilsou, display of dental woik. silver medal.

Wm. Skene &l Co., lard and rosin oil, silver medal.

J. S. Minott, specimens of scroll saving, silver medal.

Ben F. Cawthoru, barrel tlour, silver medal.

Smith, Guthrie &. Co., agents sparkling catawaba, siUer medal.

Thornton &. Hawkins, mustard and ground spices, silver medal.

Wm. Paddon, specimen ot cooperage, silver medal.

Mrs J. Howard, oil paintings, premium.

Dr. Carpenter, painting in water colors, premium.

Mi.-s Cochran, oil painting, premium.

Miss Miram Welch, oil painting, premium.

Miss Kate Daily, drawing, premium.

432 REPORT OF THE

Drawing entered by J. J. Hunt, premium.

Diller Thompson, oil paintings, premium.

H. Hartman, penmanship, premium.

Miss Vigli'ui, embroidery, premium.

Miss Fuller, wax flowers, premium.

Miss Kate Dai! y, leather work, premium.

Miss Kimball, hair work, premium.

C. Wolf.ird, portraits, silver medal.

J. G. Kirker, drawing of steam fire engines, diploma.

J. C. Elr/d, Lexington, Ky., colored photographs, silver medal.

Webster & Bro., mezzeotypes and spherotypes, silver medal.

Edvin S. Bartlett, New York, card writing, diploma.

Hart, Mapother & Co., lithographic work, silver medal.

Will. A. ' oles, engraved music titles, diploma.

Geo. Thomas, general engraving and stencil plates, silver medal.

H. Miller & Co., variety of die work, brands and stencil plates, silver medal.

Duval &, Co., Philadelphia, lithographic engraving, bronze medal.

Miss Carrie Coolidge, Bardstown, for silk quilt, special premium of $25.

Mrs. Frances Vanmeter, Meade county, for best cotton quilt, patchwork, $15.

Miss M. A. Ghee'ns, Louisville, for best worsted quilt, $15.

I. S. Moorehead & Co.. agents for life preservers, honorable mention.

Smith &. Holbrook, smut machine, Childs' patent, diploma.

Louisville Glass Works, display of glassware, diploma.

Joseph R. Pickering, specimens of circular sawing, bronze medal.

To Dr. Hulce, for geological specimens, an honorable mention. Not entered in season.
Smith, Russell & Co., for soap and candles, an honorable mention.

P. B union, lor terra cotta work, an honorable mention.

Hayes, Craig & Co., for case hats, caps and furs, an honora.ble mention.

G. S.Snead & Co., for architectural castings, an honorable mention.

To Wright & Bridgeford, for display of stoves, stove furniture, &c, honorable mention.

Mcllvaiue, for cooking range, an honorable mention.
J. N. Glover, for fine display of stucco work, an honorable mention.

Wm. H. Grainger, for engine and Hotchkiss water-wheel and bevel wheel patterns, an hon
orab'.e mention.

Hatchings & Co.; of the Kentucky Locomotive Works, for specimens of water pipe, an
honorable mentian.

Hegan & E^cott, for frames and landscape paintings, an honorable mention.
Evarts & Murton, lor frames and mirror, an honorable mention.
C. Duvall & Co., for best display of dry goo'ds, an honorable mention.
J. M. Stokes & Son, for display of furniture, an honorable mention.
J M. Monohan, for display of furniture, an honorable mention.

Walton & Barrett, for display , of china, glassware and table cutlery, an honorable mention.
Ca-seday & Hopkins, for china and glassware, an honorable mention.
P. M. Jones, for display of housekeeping articles, an honorable mention.
Wm. Kendrick, for fine display of jewelry, an honorable mention.
Kitts & Co., for a fine displav of jewelry, an honorable mention.
Mr. A. Fink, for iron suspension railroad bridge, an honorable mention.
Col. Long, for wood suspension railroad bridge, an honorable mention.
Stone & Wells, for fine display of buggies, an honorable mention.
Burr, Haight. and Wheeler, for a superior carriage, an honorable mention.
Herbert & Wright, for portable corn mill, an honorable mention.
David Nevin, for marble work, an honorable mention.

Louisville Paper Mill Company, C. I. & A. V. Dupont, for an elegant display of printing
paper of different colors, an honorable mention.

Also, C. I. & A. V. Dupont, for specimens of earth and stone taken at different depths from
1 to 1,100 feet, and for a correct diagram of their artesian well, an honoraole mention
Thos H. Hunt & Co., for bale rope, an honorable mention.
John W. Clarke, for case of books and stationery, an honorable mention.
Jacob Conrad, for specimens of glue, an honorable mention.
Sacksteder, for imitation door painting, an honorable mention.
Dr. Frazee, for display of toilette and fancy goods, an honorable mention.
Olges & Harig, of the Kentucky Chair Factory, for fine display of chairs, an honorable
mention.

Wm. C. Wood, for displav of paper hangings, an honorable mention.

Caudry & Pearson, for metallic casket burial cases, an honorable mention.

John D'Urso, for specimens ot confectionery, an honorable mention.

Wilson, Waters &, Co', for white lead and linseed oil, an honorable mention.

Alex. Randall, for good display of brand cutting, an honorable mention.

Pitkin & Bro., for variety of agricultural tools and implements, an honorable mention.

Peter & Buchanan, for col.cctiou ot farm implements, an honorable mention.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 433

ADDRESS OF MR. GEO. W. MORRIS, AT THE OPENING OF THE LOUISVILLE
MECHANICS' INSTITUTE, AUGUST 18, 1857.

The busv hum of machinery, the sweet tones of music , the rich display of the useful and
ornamental arts, the merry, joyous laugh, the winning smile, the graceful nod of recognition
the hearty grasp of friendship, the meeting together of old friends, and new formed associates
— in short everything that is now in progress within these walls, serve to remind us of the
passing away of another year, and with it the opening of the fifth annual exhibition of the
Kentucky Mechanics' Institute.

In every part of this well filled hall, are to be found unmistakable evidences of the exis-
tence of that true spirit of progress, which characterizes the age in which we live; showin tr
that the hand of genius has not been idle during the interim, neither has it labored in vain.

In forming a correct opinion of the character and ultimate success of any institution, or
particular class of men whose claims are presented to the favorable consideration of society,
it is necessary that it be ascertained first, whether the object proposed by them be attainable,
and, secondly, whether if attained it would be productive of beneficial effects. For, however
flattering may be the prospect in the outset, if based on an impracticable foundation, the ut-
most exertions of the intellectual faculties, the expenditure of wealth, time, and labor, in its
behalf, will prove ineffectual, and result only in disappointed expectations. The history of
the past abounds in examples confirming the truth of this declaration.

The grand object of the alchemists was to transmute the baser metals into gold, so that by
the timely labor of some happy day, when the stars were propitious, they might realize vast
treasures of wealth to enable them to live in splendor and affluence during the remainder of
their lives. In this visionary pursuit, which for many ages engaged the attention of kin"-s,
statesmen, nobles and experimenters of various kinds, thousands of fortunes were irretrieva-
bly wasted and Lhe dupes of this fallacious science were kept in perpetual anxiety and amus-
ed with vain and unfounded expectations.

The study of the heavens, for the purpose of foretelling events in the future, and the desti-
nies of men, from the different appearances of the planets and the signs of the zodiac, was
another scheme, which, for centuries, absorbed the attention of men of science, as well as that
of the illiterate, and in very many instances no public affair of magnitude was undertaken
without first consulting the stars. Now even though these, together with many other schemes
that might be mentioned, had been practicable, which experience has shown they are not, it
would be no difficult task to prove that they would, when fully carried out, have proved de-
structive to the best interests of society. What then is the object of this organization? The
answer to the inquiry may be found in its constitution, which declares it to be to facilitate the
diffusion of useful knowledge and to promote improvements in manufactures, and mechanic
arts.

Knowledge is valuable in proportion to its being practical and useful. In this sense it
strengthens and expands the intellectual faculties and directs them to proper objects. It ele-
vates the mind in the scale of rational existence, by enlarging its views and refining its pleas-
ures. We find that associations of artisans, under the name of mechanic institutes, were first
organized in England soon after the commencement of the present century. They are now to
be lound in nearly all the important commercial and manufacturing cities of Europe and
America. Their object, and the advantages to be derived from them, are becoming more and
more appreciated, and their utility is felt more and more at each succeeding year. Is it asked
what have they accomplished? I answer, they have been the means of disseminating a vast
amount of useful knowledge among thousands, both in this country and in Europe, who, but
for them, would probably have remained in ignorance.

They have served to concentrate the scatter id rays of genius and enabled them to act with
renewed vigor and energy in the discovery of many valuable inventions. Through their in-
strumentality a powerful effect has been produced in the progress of science. By placing val-
uable libraries at the disposal of the mechanic, together with a vast amount of useful infor-
mation imparted through the medium of pjpular lectures, they have clothed him with a pow-

434 REPORT OF THE

er, and enabled him while handling the material and instruments with which improvements
and experiments may be made, to discover the path which has led to some valuable improve-
ments in manufactures, or useful invention in the mechanic arts.

They have instilled a desire for intellectual attainments and rational enjoyment in the
youthful artisan, by employing those hours of leisure, after the labors of the day, profitably,
instead of spending them in foolish amusements and the pursuit of dissipation.

Such is a brief history of these institutions, and it clearly shows their object to be not only
attainable, but productive of beneficent effects.

Though the organization of these associations is of recent date, it is otherwise with the
class of whom they are composed, for it will be found that they belong to the most ancient
and historic class of men.

Very soon after the fiat went forth, that in the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, there-
by making labor honorable, we find the mechanic, in the person of Enoch, building a city, and
in Tubal Cain, the instructor of every artificer in iron and brass.

At this period the mechanic arts first appeared, their object being to satisfy the wants of
life and the conveniences of the social state. Tools of stone preceded those of metal. Axes,
plowshares, mallets, and wedges were first made of flint. Copper was employed for the same
purposes for which iron is now used. This latter article, upon which so many arts now depend
for their progress and perfection, was little used at this early period.

He is found as a ship builder in the person of Noah, constructing a mammoth vessel of forty
thousand tons burden, larger than any ship of modern times, and with it he was able, under
Providence, to prevent the extinction of the race.

As a manufacturer, we find him digging for the hidden treasure and converting it into coin,
to be used as a circulating medium, as early as the days of Abraham, for we read that this
patriarch paid four hundred shekels of silver for the field of M icphela.

In Canaan they distinguished themselves, and among the Phcetiicians we find them largely
engaged in manufa.ctures and the mechanic arts. It was here that ships were fitted out to
carry on the first commerce of the world, and the art of alphabetical writing invented.

After this, we find them furnishing ships to Tyre, which are made to pass the Pillars of
Hercules, reach Britain, and procure tin from the mines at Cornwall. They are next found
among the Arabs, and while here they introduce themselves to the Greeks by sending them
various specimens of manufactured articles and of mechanical skill. In Greece was inveuted
that system of architecture which has ever been regarded as nearest perfection. Their tem-
ples, formed of the finest material, exhibited to the admiring gaze of the beholder a peifection
of three orders of architecture — the Doric, distinguished for its massive grandeur and plain-
ness; the Ionic, for its grace and beauty, and the Corinthian, for a combination of all the ex
cellences of the other two. These temples have never been equalled, not to say excelled, for
combined grandeur and durability; and they may justly be regarded as among not only the tri-
umphs, but the wonders of human art. Though now in ruins, they are objects not only of ad-
miration, but of imitation, to the most refined nations of the present age. Without hoping to
excel, the architect of this day regards himself as extremely fortunate when he has succeeded
in copying their intrinsic excellencies.

Here, too, they exhibited the same powers of invention in sculpture and painting, for in
these their fame was world wide.

But it is not to Greece aloiie that we must look for the most beautiful and wonderful of me-
chanical achievements. We must go further back than the history of Greece or Rome ex-
tends. In the dim distant past, near the origin of the race, there is a land that even now,
through the long line of intervening ages, beaFs the impress of his skillful hands. It is to
Egypt, the mother of nations, that we must look for the highest attainments in ancient me-
chanical philosophy. Here was invented that great instrument of improvement — letters. Here
science had its birth and its earliest development. Here the aits were nursed and encouraged,
and long afterwards they passed into Greece, and have been handed down to us, bearing the
e ignet of a master-hand that adorned whatever it touched. Egypt, Thebes, the Pyramids — who

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 435

6hall explain the mysteries that cluster around these names ! Look at the Pyramids ! those
stupendous works which seem to rival in magnitude even the operations of nature. "Who
can inform us whether it was by mere numbers, patience, and labor, aided perchance by the
simple lever, or, if not, by what forgotten combination of powers, by what now unknown ma-
chines, mass was thus aggregated to mass, and quarry piled on quarry, till solid granite seem-
ed to cover the earth and reach the skies!" All that we know of their history is that they
were placed there by those primitive artisans, where they have stood in mute and proud defi-
ance of the hostile elements, while forty centuries have rolled around their bases.

While viewing these stupendous monuments of ancient skill, some of which exist in our
day to mark the deeds of the past, we are filled with wonder and admiration, and are at a loss
to know how to account for the slow progress they made in the useful arts. The only satis-
factory reason we can assign is found in the fact that these pursuits were entrusted, for the
most part, to menials and slaves, while the freemen bestowed their attention on war and poli-
tics. Hence it was that those nations that were farthest advanced in civilization were without
a thousand conveniences which are indispensable to modern civilization. They were without
saw mills to cheapen the materials for building, had no knowledge of glass windows, were
without stoves and coal, without chimneys, and were obliged to keep their shutters and doors
open to allow the smoke to escape from their apartments.

Agriculture and commerce are dependent upon mechanical science for every step of their
progress in the onward march of civilization. The former can take but a single step without
its aid, for were man left to work with his hands alone in the cultivation of the soil, but lit-
tle would be added to the spontaneous productions of nature. And with the exception of a
few islands in the torrid zone, agriculture has never flourished in any country in which the
pursuit of the mechanic arts was neglected.

As soon, however, as the pioneer acquires a sufficient amount of knowledge of them to en-
able him to constiuct tools that are adapted to the cultivation of the soil, he is able to con-
vert the products of the earth into the means of support and the staples of commerce.

In the early period of our history, the instruments ot agriculture were of a very rude and
simple kind. Sharp sticks were first used Afterward, the spade and shovel were invented;
and the^e were succeeded by an instrument termed a plow, but which was nothing more than
the stout limb of a tree, which projected over another one made short and pointed. Striking,
indeed, would be the contrast between this specimen of a plow and the magnificent ones on
exhibition here.

From the period that the numerous hordes of barbarians from the North overran the princi-
pal seat of ancient learning, annihilating nearly every monument of science and art, until
the middle of the fifteenth century, little or no progress mas made. Scienee was not only
abandoned, but the knowledge and improvements of preceding ages were in danger of being
entirely effaced.

But the darkness of a thousand years was dispelled by the sunrise of cultivation, at or near
the very period that three of the most important inventions in the world's history took place.
The first of these, gunpowder, was invented about the year thirteen hundred, but not used,
save in a very limited sense, before the middle of the fifteenth century.

The effect of this invention, with the aid of those instruments of modern warfare, placed in
the hands of man by the mechanic, has been to change the whole art of war, to subject it to
the rigid rules of science and intellectual combinations, instead of a conflict of mere animal
strength and courage. "It has sunk the hero of muscular strength into insignificance, and
placed in the ascendant him who combines intellect with skill, and, while doing this, it has, at
the same lime, rendered wars less bloody and softened the harsh and revolting aspect of the
battle field."

Next in order was the invention of printing, which has been styled the crowning art of mod-
ern limes. Previous to it all books were written with a pen. It required four years of hard
labor to produce a single copy of the Holy Scriptures, and when completed so great was the
expense of a copy that only the few were able to possess it. In the production of books

436 REPORT OF THE

alone, it i3 estimated that Guttenburg's invention has increased the power of man five thous-
and fold. It now serves not only to record every passing event, every useful invention, every
discovery in art and science, but it has written down and multiplied in a thousand forms all
that is left of the past history of mankind. With truth it has been said that all human knowl-
edge may be placed on record, and scattered in every quarter of the globe, and rendered in-
destructible bi 7 any event less extensive than the devastation of the entire surface of the
earth. Nor is this all. But, through the instrumentality of this invention, knowledge, with its
illuminating power, is being diffused among all classes of men, and is everywhere shedding
its brilliant rays upon the darkened minds of the mass, bursting open the doors of prisons,
sundering the fetters of tyranny, spreading abroad the equalizing power of Christianity, and
teaching Kings and Rulers to look upon their subjects as their fellow men, with rights as sa-
cred as their own.

And as the patient workman sets those mysterious little types, devised by the ingenuity of
man, he discovers thera blazing with genius and radiant with intellect and poetry that make a
current in the wide sea of human thought, like that great stream that has flowed since the
creation from the Mexican Gulf to Labrador, that utter tones of passion and pathos to ring
in the world's ear forever — rolling down from age to age like the fabled music of the
spheres.

The invention of the Mariner's Compass, by which the magnetic needle, through a simple
process, is made to point invariably to the polar star in the mysterious chambers of the North,
has enabled man to perform the great conquest over the boundless ocean, which to the barba-
rian had ever been regarded an object of fearful alarm; to the ancients a profound and un-
fathomable mystery, since they were unable to tell us whither'tended its world of waters; and
to all men an object of awe. But no sooner had this great invention been perfected than a
spirit of enterprise and adventure was aroused which has resulted in an extraordinary and last-
ing change in human affairs.

The vast number of useful inventions, the rapid growth and daily improvement of the ma-
chine shop, form a curious, most interesting, and instructive chapter in modern history.

Arkwright's admirable invention of the Spinning Jenny, by which a pound of the finest cot
ton is now spun by machinery into a yarn extending one hundred and twenty miles, has of itself
increased the power of man more than a hundred fold, and has nearly rendered obsolete our
old fashioned domestic spinning. Numerous are the instances on record, of which it may be
as truly said as of Sir Robert Peel, that this invention wove the web of their fortunes.

With regard to the invention of that wonderful piece of mechanism, the Steam Engine, a
story has been told that an idle boy, being employed to stop and open a valve, saw that he
could save himself the trouble of attending and watching it, by fixing a plug upon a part of
the machine, which came to the place at the proper time in consequence of its general move,
ment. Whether or not this story has any foundation in truth, certain it is that its history pre-
sents to our view a series of wonderful contrivances, which, for decided ingenuity and perfect
simplicity, stand without a parallel on the pages of mechanical science, and show that the
invention and its subsequent improvements have been the result of the most elaborate and
thorough investigations of scientific truth. It has penetrated the earth and drawn from its
bosom boundless treasures of mineral wealth, which, without its aid, would nothave been ac.
cessable. It has drawn up in measureless quantities the fuel on which its own life and so
many of the comforts of society depend. It has reduced labor in a great degree to light and
easy superintendence. It has increased the sum of human happiness by cheapening former
enjoyments so as to render them attainable by those who previously could never have hoped
to share them. The surface of the earth and the face of the vast deep are travelled with equal
facility by its power. The Press, to which mankind owes in so large a degree the rapidity of
their improvement in these latter days, has had its power and influence greatly augmented by
its union with it. To form a correct idea of the extent to which these inventions are now ap-
plied, we may state that, in Great Britain alone, the power of machinery in mills is computed
to be equal to 600,000,000 of men. To show the power of mechanic arts, take for example that

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 437

simple instrument the axe; with it one man can do more in the same time than a thousand men
can accomplish without it, or some tool equivalent to it.

By way of estimating the commercial value of mechanical skill and labor, take iron ore in
its crude and apparently worthless state. By the simple process of smelting, its value is a'
once increased; roll it out into bars, and you have an increased value still. Take one of these
bars of the value of five dollars, work it up into horse shoes, and you have increased its value
more than a hundred per cent. ; into needles, and it is worth three hundred and twenty five
dollars; into penknife blades, twelve hundred and eighty-five dollars; shirt buttons, twenty-nine
thousand four hundred and eighty dollars; and when manufactured into balance springs of
watches, this bar of iron, valued first at five dollars, is worth two hundred and fifty thousand
dollars. It is said that thirty-one pounds of iron have been manufactured into wire one hun-
dred and eleven miles in length, and so fine was the fabric that a part of it was converted into
a barrister's wig.

The estimate too often made as to the standard of intelligence of the class we have referred
to falls far below the reality. While none perhaps will deny this bone and sinew class a good
share of practical sense, yet very many there are of opinion that intelligence and refinement
arc comparative strangers to them. Experience and observation, however, will correct this
error.

Among them are to be found some of the brightest intellects, men of humble pretensions,
as all men of true genius and practical knowledge are; men who are versed in science and
literature, men whose power of appreciating the beautiful and sublime is in no wise diminish-
ed, because, forsooth, their hands are calloused by honest toil; men who know that every in-
dustrial pursuit that is honest and promotes the well being of society is alike respectable, hon-
orable, and dignified.

Of the great discoveries in science and the useful inventions in art, in this most wonderful
age of inventions, the great majority of them can be traced directly to the class to whom this
exception of a high order of intelligence is made.

In this free and enlightened country, where the avenues to knowledge are open to all, where
a sense of equality is inherent in every bosom, and where ambition to excel in intellectual at-
tainments is far more likely to be depressed by affluence than dampened by labor, what can be
more ridiculous than to suppose that learning and refinement are inimical to any condition of
honest labor. The bare supposition would be a gross libel on the character of the vital life of
our population. When a new fact or principle is discovered by the patient and industrious ar-
tisan, it is not claimed that in the majority of instances it arises from his being possessed of an
extraordinary amount of intelligence, superior to the ordinary endowment of humanity, but be-
cause, being placed under different circumstances, his attention is directed to objects that ena-
ble him to perceive relations and combinations which have not been observed by others. To
such an one the term genius may be properly applied, for genius consists in a concentration of
the rays of intellect upon any particular object, and arise from a lively interest felt for that ob-
ject, and the patient thought bestowed on it.

Sir Isaac Newton, on being asked how he had discovered the true system of the universe,
replied, "by continually thinking upon it;" and declared that if he had done the world any
service, it was due to industry and patient thought; that he kept the subject under considera-
tion constantly before him, and waited till the first dawning opened gradually by little and lit-
tle, into a full clear light. That is genius. The names of Whitney, McCormick, Morse, and
a host of others that might be named, constitute a roll of men of the first genius, born of the
humbler laboring ranks. The printer, Franklin, the shoemaker; Sherman, the painter, Morse,
and the blacksmith, Burritt, are bright examples which the mechanic can hold up to the gaze
of an admiring world, and proudly ask who has transcended them in triumph, as men of sense)
science, and diversified learning.

With such examples as these before him, the youthful artisan need never be ashamed of his
profession nor envy those who fancy themselves higher up in the scale of being than he, and
who exult in their entire ignorance of every industrial pursuit. Let him but love his occupa-

4 J 8 REPORT OF THE

tion, and resolve to improve the moments as they pass, in striving to excel in his art; let him
but drink Jeep of the fountain of knowledge, and the day may come when his name shall be
written high up on the temple of fame, and he shall leave a favorable impression on the page
of history that shall never be obliterated:

"Lives of great men all remind us,

We can make our lives sublime;
Ana departing, leave behind us

Footprints in the sands of time."

In this highly favored land there is everything to encourage and reward industry and me-
chanical ingenuity. It is to these that we, as a nation, are chiefly indebted for the great ad-
vancement we have made. They have rendered incalculable service iu the cultivation of the
soil and in harvesting its rich products. Upon its barren rocks and sandy soils, they have
erected factories and maehineshops; and, if water fail, never failing steam supplies its place,
in turning the machinery. On its rock bound coasts are indentations; these have been con-
verted into commercial marts and ship yards. They have turned its sands into shining gold,
its solid granite into palaces, and its rocks into precious stones or metals.

During the past year, the number of useful inventions and improvements pitented in this
country is over five thousand, showing an excess over England of more than seventeen hun-
dred, and is more, than double that of France.

The American artizans build twice as many vessels as any other nation on the earth, and
their sails to-day whiten the world surrounding ocean. They have built and furnished five
thousand miles of canal, and nearly thirty thousand miles of railroads, some of which follow
hard upon the trail of the Indian.

Nor is his reputation confined to his own country, but the old world has been forced to ac"
acknowledge his superiority. Both Germany and England are imitating his cutlery, even to
the trade- marks and names of the manufacturers.

From Mexico they send for him to build their railroads and cut through their mountains.
In Lima, he is projecting turnpikes, and instructing the people as to the best mode of over-
coming impossibilities. He is showing the natives of Brazil how to manufacture cotton,
without taking it all the way to Manchester. In La Plata, he is erecting an American wharf-
The government of Australia has employed him to build a thousand miles of telegraph; and
the Czar of Russia has engaged him to raise the sunken fleet at Sebastopol. And in our own
country, as "westward the star of empire takes its way," new fields of enterprise, reaching far
beyond the present boundaries of our vast domain, will be taken possession of by this bold
Saxon adventurer. Proverbial fur industry, and armed with the implements which mechanical
skill has placed at his disposal, the wilderness will be transformed into fruitful fields, under
the operation of the axe and plow, the shovel and the hoe. Countries that are now uncivil-
ized, misgoverned, and continually exposed to revolutions, which render life and property inse-
cure within their limits, must submit to the inevitable law of change, "and all that statesmen
and philanthropists can do, reaches only to the time and the manners." But this change can-
not be effected by an army of ruthless pirates, whose highest aim i3 plunder, devastation and
self-aggrandizement, and whose proceedings are calculated to retard rather than advance that
civilization, which their apologists pretend they are striving to promote.

It has been truly said, that we live in an extraordinary age, so much so indeed that the
world has seen nothing like it before. An age in which science has extended its research into
the heavens above, the earth on which we dwell, and among the hidden mysteries beneath its
surface. An age remarkable for the application of this research to the daily avocations of
life. The ancients never dreamed of, much less saw, anything like it; nor have the moderns
seen anything like it till the present generation.

Shakspeare made bis fairy say, he would

"Put a girdle round about the earth
In forty minutes."

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 439

It was, however, reserved for Prof. Morse to outstrip this fairy. His girdle, charged with
the celestial messenger, can accomplish it in much less time. Had a dispatch been sent from
New Yoik by telegraph to this city at precisely twelve o'clock to day, it would have reached
here about thirty minutes before twelve. That is what may be properly termed doing a thing
"in a little less than no time."

The stupendous undertaking, now near its completion, connecting the old world with the
new, by means of this girdle, will completely annihilate both time and space between them,
and produce a wonderful effect in the commercial world. The London Exchange clones its
daily session at three o'clock, and, as the difference of time between that city and the Me-
tropolis of this countrv is about five hours, all the important business transaction of the
former may be made known and published in the papers of the latter the very day on which
they transpire. The city of New York will then be in direct connection with thirty thousand
miles of telegraph lines in Europe and forty-three thousand in the United States.

But great and wonderful as have been the improvements of the present generation, we have
by no means reached the goal, since no possible limits can be assigned to the powers of ge-
nius, to scientific research, or the improvement of machinery. Future Awkwrights, machacic
Watts, Morses, will doubtless arise and perform future miracles of power, that will as far
excel the brilliant inventions of the present age. as these go beyond all that was known to the
ancient world.

Ait and science, so far from being stationary, are in themselves progressive; they are
moving powers, animated principles, instinct with life. Nothing can arrest them which would
not plunge the entire order of society into barbarism. There is no end to truth, no bounds to
discovery and application. "And a man might as well think of building a tower from the top
of which he could grasp Sirius in his hand, as to stay the progress of useful invention."

The organization of the Kentucky Mechanics' Institute formed a new era in the history of
our city, and the success which has thus far attended'it, lias exceeded the most sanguine hope3
of its friends. With characteristic liberality its doors have been thrown wide open, and the
mechanics and manufacturers of the whole country cordially invited to contribute to its exhi-
bitions, and become competitors for its premiums. Thus, the mechanic arts have been pro-
moted, domestic manufactures have been encouraged, and a powerful influence has been pro
duced upon mechanical industry. And there is everything around us to incite the friends of
this enterprise to renewed energy in its behalf.

Situated in this great valley, which abounds in all the required resources, in the shape of
raw material, cheap food, facilities for transportation, and home demand, we are, in point of
locality, unsurpassed by any place on earth. Let me say to you, then, go on in the cause you
have so nobly begun. Let our united efforts be put forth in advancing the triumphant car of
human progress; then shall we hasten the day when the traveller who passes down that noble
stream which bathes our shores, shall hear it continually murmur beneath the burden of ita
commerce. "And at night he will be lighted on his way by the answering fires from thou-
sands of furnaces, so that the ineffectual moon shall pale before the glow of human industry."
Nearing the Falls, on its southern bank, he will behold a vast city extending the entire length
and breadth of the broad plain teeming with industry and abounding in wealth In its midst
he will see an institution that has, in a very large degree, contributed to these great and bene-
ficial results. While gazing with admiration upon it, he will employ the language of your
motto, and with truth triumphantly exclaim, "Excelsior."

44U REPORT OF THE

CHARLES DOBYNS KIRK'S VALEDICTORY ADDRESS.

A scene like this, of which we have been witnesses to-night — of which none of us hare
been passive, but all interested spectators day after day and night after uight, for more than
one of the twelve monthly cycles through which the year passes — is calculated to stir our in-
nermost feelings, and to awaken whatever of city and State pride may be in our natures. But,
when surveying this magnificent hall, with its decorations — evergreen, as we trust the exist-
ence of this Institute may be — with its myriad lights, lustrous as is the fame of Louisville —
with its graceful and substantial works of art and mechanism, beautiful to win the eye and
strong to endure the claims of labor as the products of our artesans ever are — with its throngs
of half angelic loveliness wearing the perennial bloom of beauty upon their cheeks, and the
ney.er faltering step of grace in their movements, there comes a thought which fills the brain
with a flood of memories, and thrills the heart with more than the symphonies of music, and
elevates the mind with sentiments of an ennobling character, one chief, one leading, one ab-
sorbing and triumphing thought. It is a thought to rally us in the present hour of rejoicing —
a thought that links us with the past — that suggests lessons of the deepest import — lessons fit
to be engraven in letters of light, so that they may blaze upon our State with half shameful,
half cheerful rays. The thought of what Kentucky might have been, of what she is, of what
Kentucky shall be, through the united, energetic efforts of you, gentlemen of the Mechanics'
Institute, and your intelligent coworkers in the great cause of human progress.

This is an exhibition of the mechanical, manufacturing, and artistic interests of Kentucky.
It is not, sorrowfully be it said, a complete expose of our industrial resources, but it must be
regarded as a test of our abilities, as an index of our willingness to contribute to the vast fund
of wealth which the Union possesses in its workshops. Is it worthy of Kentucky? of her his-
tory, the most brilliant, in many respects, of any of her confederated sisters — of her unlimited
powers to produce and create whatever the earth yields and man has the capacity to mould and
fashion? Think of a Commonwealth for sixty five years playing a most prominent part in tha
Government of the Republic — for twenty years previous to her admission into the Union, the
home of thousands of gallant, daring, industrious, skillful men — possessing within her own
borders every element of wealth necessary for the creation of an empire — whose men are the
synonymes of bravery, whose women are the paragons of their sex — whose soil is inexhausti-
ble in its fertility — whose deep, pellucid rivers penetrate almost every county — whose beds of
coal and fields of iron, lie hi 1 in their primeval obscurity in all of her ranges of mountains,
and whose harvests are now flinging oui their golden banners, to be kissed by the bright au-
tnmnal sun of noonday, and moistened by the tears of nightfall — harvests rich as ever cheered
a farmer's heart — plenteous as Providence need ever vouchsafe to toiling man.

All tuis is said with no desire to reflect upon the efforts of Louisville mechanics, in this ex-
hibition, for they have been most noble. But I say it with shame for my State, that one of
her years, of her wealth, of her resources, of her unquestionable abilities to produce, and to
manufacture, is so miserable a laggard in the march of improvement. It seems as if while
the sun shines most genially, our population is content to shelter itself beneath the shade of
our lovely forests, and watch with listless eyes the car of progress march onward in its mighty
and triumphant course. Ah! this is a pitiable sight. Scarcely worse and more depressing is
the picture of those ancient and once honored republics enervated by luxury, sunk in slothful
ness, and shrinking aghast with timidity; all their former glory, bravery, and enterprise de-
parted, while hordes of brawuy, muscular men, devastate their cities, desecrate their temples
of religion, and defile all that art has consecrated and taste beautified.

But can no apology be offered for the snail's pace at which Kentucky has advanced? Has
her career been marked by no palliating circumstances? Can we present nothing in mitiga-
tion of the supineness which for so many years has drowned the energies and pilsied the hand3
of our people?

The case is one of a remarkable character; but it admits of explanation.

And this leads us to a consideration of the immediate topic of remark, which it is thought,
would be especially apposite to the occasion, the past and future of mechanism in Kentucky.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 441

Sixty years ago Kentucky was the most attractive and promising section of the Republic.
Tne unparalelled energies of her pioueers had secured the State from any further Indian ex-
cursions. Day by dav the sunlight of civilization came breakiug with its golden beams through
the interlacing canebreaks and tangled forests, — everywhere upon shaded knolls sprang the
cabin of the farmer into existence; — the click-clack of the mill was heard by every stream; —
from green groves, God's first temples, ascended voices of prayer and praise; — all was peace,
all prosperity, and the future brightened with hopes most blessed signs. The spirit and tastes
of the people, though pre eminently agricultural, were not exclusively so. Emigrants from
the Atlantic States and from European countries brought with them manufacturing skill and
the machinery whereby to create. They settled in our chief towns, and themselves opened up
new settlements, where were to be heard the hum, and the bustle of that active, useful life,
which is peculiarly the mechanic's. Upon the waters of the Elkhorn, as early as 1792, the
first paper-mill was erected; powder mills were built in various places; Lexington became a
permanent seat of manufactures, and there the first rail ever made west of the Alleghanies
was forged. Factories lor bagging and bale-rope abounded. The region about the Blue
Licks glowed continually with the fires of a hundred salt furnaces. . In numerous spots iron
was delved from the earth, and fashioned into whatever forms of usefulness the diversified
wants of man desired.

At Frankfort, sloop after sloop, with keen prows and wide decks, were launched into the
crystal and limpid waters of the Kentucky — hull and spars of Kentucky oak — rigging of Ken-
tucky flax and hemp, and then laden exclusively with Kentucky products, and dispatched to
the far off South, the seat of Spanish and French empire, on profitable voyages. Vineyards
hung clustering with their rich and purple fruitage upon hundreds of hillsides and colonies of
industrious Swiss crushed from ihe luscious grape wine that would have rivalled the old Faler-
nian in its mellowness Nearly twenty years before Fulton's discovery of the application of
steam to navigation, John Fitch demonstrated publicly the same great scientific truth, and
operated with success a model steamboat on the waters of the small stream that runs through
the town of Lexington. That model yet remains in the museum of Transylvania University,
in itself a complete vindication of the priority of Fitch's invention Fulton's name is now a
household word, while Fitch sleeps in unmonumented obscurity in the grave yard of Bards-
town. The incense of the world's praise yields its sweetest perfurmes to the memory of Ful-
ton. Only a loving sweet briar gives odor to the air that in summer time lingers about the
spot where Fitch lies —

"Unwept, unhonored and unsung."
But the chief feature of that civilization was the introduction of the press into Kentucky.
The 18th of August, 1787, is mentioned in no calendar as a day of note; yet it deserves espe-
cial consideration from the people of this State. It is the anniversary of the issue of the first
printed sheet within the borders of this Commonwealth. Such a date is of no minor impor-
tance. It is an era in the history of any colony or State. Thereafter the isolation previously
existing diminishes. Then does the great world become nearer, and its continual whirl of
excitement — its increasing activity — its turmoil and confusion — its joys and sorrows — its be-
nevolent pulsations and its wicked throbbiugs appeal to the human sympathies. The wilder-
ness and solitude lose their startling wildness and impressive loneliness. Life appears breathed
into the inanimate. Men seem bound to their fellows at a distance by closer ties. The news-
paper serves as a curious ligament to connect the most remote in feeling and opinion. The
desires and actions, thoughts and impulses of the multitude are communicated through this
medium. By thus interchanging views men's ideas become more liberal — their mental visions
embrace a wider range of observation. The edges of inquiry and investigation are sharp
ened. New enterprises are set on foot. Commerce is invigorated, and every branch of in-
dustry receives an impetus. Pleasure is not only thus diffused among all classes, but profit,
actual profit, that which may be reckoned in dollars and cents. The influence of a newspa-
per, in a new settlement, is not exaggerated nor over estimated. Instances fully corroborating
all that has been here said, are to be found in abundance. Potent as is the press in the most
highly refined and prosperous portions of the globe, it is likewise so on the edge of the de-

442 REPORT OF THE

Bert, and, accompanying the borderer's gun and the emigrant's axe, sows the seeds of civili-
zation in the very midst of uncultivated nature.

To John Bradford belongs the great honor of having "set up" the first printing office and
newspaper in the State (then District) of Kentucky. Could we, upon one of these bright
September days, transfer ourselves into the by-gone days of '87, and peep in upon his pre-
cints, how novel would the scene appear to eyes accustomed to the wonderful improvements
in the "art preservative of arts!" In the goodly town of Lexington, beside an ill defined
road, called by courtesy a street, and hedged in by a house here and there, sits the little cabin
of hewn logs. How primitive in appearance this temple to Faustus, this monumental pile to
Guttenburg, in the wilds of America! Amid the severe simplicity and imposing grandeur of
nature's works, art, rude though it be, has an exotic look. What need have these brave set-
tlers of types and ink and paper? Are there not lessons full of wisdom to be found in their
daily pathways leading them up to nature's God? And why disturb their calm serenity of
mind with news from all nations? Why breathe upon them the hoarse murmurs of a conten-
tious world? But, within that cabin, shaded by so many huge oaks, is the germ of Kentucky
newspaperial literature. In a corner stands the press, entirely wooden, cumbersome, and un-
couth. At a window, or rather an aperture between the logs, are a few cases of type; while,
in typographic confusion, the other implements are strewn about. Bradford is seated upon a
block of wood surveying the scence. He is no printer — merely an amateur. Pro bono pub
'ico he performed a wearisome journey to the east of the Alleghanies, made a large outlay
of capital, and, returning with his material to Kentucky, became the pioneer editor of the
West. It is not often that we see, in this day, such manifestations of disinterested public
spirit. No pecuniary profit tempted him, for that was a remote and improbable contingency
in the enterprise. But notice — the solitary journeyman printer and the "devil," (or diabolos,
as the Greek hath it,) are busy with their first paper. Very often does the door open upon its
leathern hinges, while the curious pry about, investigating the mysteries, and little children,
as they play beneath the neighboring trees, point to the printer's quarters with reverence in
their manner. At last the form is ready for the press, and, after many delay3, the boy daubs
his buckskin ball in the ink, and redaubs it on the face of the type, the press creaks, and lo!
born to the light of day is the "Kentucky Gazette" — the parent of that long and illustrious
line of newspapers which have since then lent glory and fame to the State.

That afternoon the denizens of Lexington were treated to a newspaper of home manufac-
ture. As the evening sun cast its long shadows, the accustomed assemblage of town talkers
convened about the tavern door, and the Gazette was read aloud to the gaping multitude.
Strange comments were made on this literary phenomenon, and every man had a different
opinion as to the success and utility of the paper. To hundreds of homes in the deep forests
and beside the running streams the little sheet went a messenger of peace — a bearer of good
tidings — for it whispered of the homes left behind and gave promise of a restitution of many
of the best features of their native places. As the post-boy weekly distributed the papers,
the stalwart hunter, attired in the picturesque co-tumeof the woods, forgot the game, and
leaning upon his trusty weapon, perused the current news and felt the strangeness of sympathy
with the outside world steal in upon him. fie became again a man with interests and pas-
sions linking him to his fellow men and their pursuits. The backwoods dealer in produce
and articles of merchandise, bent over his rude counter and glanced over the market report
with much of the sang froid which the dealer now-days exhibits who sits in his elegant
counting room, and, amid the wreathed clouds of his Havana cigar, notes the prices current.
The housewife, in the lone hours of the day, dropped domestic duties for awhile and culled
from this dingy parterre of the world's events, an astonishing incident, or marriage, or death.
All classes of society then felt that a new pleasure had sprung up in their midst, and wondered
at having so long existed without that sine qua non of civilization, the newspaper.

John Bradford, the founder of the first newspaper in Kentucky now sleeps his long sleep.
No storied urn nor graven obelisk commemorates his public spirit, and even the great fact of
his life, to which allusion has been made, is known to but few. Surely some testimonial to

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 443

his services should survive him. Far less worthy heroes — for he was a hero in truth — have
their names and deeds emblazoned on costly marble.

But perhaps I have elaborated this picture too much. Perhaps I have transcended my posi-
tion and wearied your patience with the recital of a story in wnicli you feel no interest. Par-
don me, ladies and gentlemen. Charge it all to my esprit de corps. I might not thus have tres-
passed upon your attention with the history of this important era in the settlement of our State
were it not that I too am of the craft, and that I. if I have any right to address a Mechanics'
Institute, that right is derived from the fact of my being a brother mechanic — a printer boy,
and I thank God for the honored station!

Such was Kentucky sixty years ago. Never did a people or a State enter upon a career
under more propitious auspices; and, alas, that a Kentuckian should say it, never did a people
or a State use their magnificent advantages with such matked forgetfulness. Kentucky should
be this day the great manufacturing State of the Union. Her coal fields and iron beds should
be yielding daily millions of bushels and tons. Every hill top should be crowned with a tem-
ple of religion or education. Not a mountain but should be tunneled, not a stream but should
be spanned, not a gorge but should be arched, not a valley but should echo to the rush and
roar of the steam car.

But we have fallen far short of the fulfillment of our great destiny. Why so? Briefly, there
appears to have been two leading causes opering very seriously against the material advance-
ment of Kentucky.

The first of these is politics. Just subsequent to the adoption of the second constitution of
the State, that is, about the close of the last century, there arose an intense political excite-
ment. Affairs of great moment were involved. Discussions were rife. Every man with the
least loquacity mounted the stump. Every man sought office. A perfect mania seized the
people, which was further increased by the Burr and Wilkinson conspiracy discoveries — then
still more increased by the difficulties with Great Britain. Since then Kentucky has been
chiefly addicted to politics. It is the great vice of her old and her young men. They have
neglected, in a great measure, all other pursuits, to chase that ignis fatous. They have sought
political station and influence at all hazards. Industry has been neglected, and the promotion
of the great interests of the Commonwealth rendered secondary to the furtherance of petty
partisan schemes. To the credit of the State be it said, it has always exercised a leading, if
not controlling influence in the government of the nation. It has given to the Republic the
services of a Clay, himself the prince of orators — peerless among Senators — the foremost of
statesmen, and it is now serving the Republic with the genius, and wisdom, and high-toned
chivalry of a Breckinridge:

"Clarum et venerabile nomen."

But what if all our great politicians and statemen and orators had devoted some fragment of
their time to State interests — to the development of our State resources, how glorious would
have been the condition of affairs — how noble our position in the sisterhood. And suppose,
too, citizens of Louisville, that the leading editors of your city had devoted more of their vast
abilities to the discussion of home matters; to fostering the manufactures of your city instead
continually harping upon the everlasting string of politics, would Louisville not have been a
score of year3 in advance of her present position. The one a man of towering intellect — of
the richest poetic fancy, of the keenest wit, and the most cultivated powers of satire; the
other a shrewd, able logician — practiced in all the manoeuvres of politics — ready with the pen
to assail the wrong and uphold the right— both honest and noble hearted men, but so addicted
to the dissipation of politics that, immersed in that, they forget all things save the use of their
editorial weapons and the maintenance of their editorial honor.

With such examples as the past thus afforded, and the present continually offers, it is strange
that every chilling in the State indulges in politics — that the boys and girls forget their play-
things to huzza for the candidates of their seniors, and that men of business neglect that busi-
ness to rnn wild after the nominee of their parties, and the support of principles, concerning
which they know nothing, save that they are in their platform? We must rid our State of this

444 REPORT OF THE

abuse of talents and particularly must we abate the nuisance of fledgling politicians, such as
we saw traversing the State last summer.

But there is another cause which has operated to retard the material prosperity of Kentucky,
This is the pretension and influence of pseudo aristocracy. Most of us were descended from
the first families of Virginia; or else wear a patrician name thatbeloDged once upon a time to
some leading family in one of the Atlantic States. Therefore we claim to be pure, thorough
bred, full blooded aristocrats. Others have achieved wealth and station, and thereby assume
to lord it over their less fortunate fellows. Still others have fallen upon fat officers and been
fed at the public crib, and necessarily their descendants are not to condescend to au equality
with those people of low degree who work out their own temporal salvation. This feeling has
been a great bane — a great curse to Kentucky. It has caused many a noble and talented young
man to eschew the honest pursuits of labor, and take upon himself the habit of lawyers or
physicians. Such has been popular prejudice, the folly and wickedness of fashionable decrees*
that they could not assume the noble toga of a working man, and hence have rushed into pro-
fessional life — a few succeeding, while thousands miserably fail.

Nothing is more despicable than this sham aristocratic feeling. Yet, if we must have the
plant in our Kentucky soil, let it grow, and blossom, and bloom in full maturity. Let us es-
tablish a Herald's college and invest all these people with coats of arms. To be significant,
upon the coach pannels of one of these noble families, as it rolled along in stately grandeur,
amid the admiring crowds of gaping plebeans, there should blaze in aristocratic colors a row
of dirty whisky bottles and dirtier "horns" relieved by the graceful figures of a crowd of
loafers in the various stages of intoxication. Upon another, would flash in haughty blazonry,
a deck of cards and a dice box; or in the language of heraldry, the Knave of Hearts rampant
upon a ground argent. These devices would tell their own stories. They would indicate the
origin of the aristocratic proprietors.

For wealth obtained by honest industry, we entertain the highest respect — especially when
used by its possessor in a manner calculated to secure his own comfort and at the same time
minister to those by whom he is surrounded. But if there is a being who dishonors God's
footstool by his presence, and makes mankind think meanly of man, it is he who, having
climbed the ladder of prosperity to the highest round, kicks it from beneath him, and arro-
gates to himself the occupancy of a higher sphere than his more worthy, because in most in-
stances his more honest associate.

There, is however, ladies and gentlemen, an aristocracy which you all are called upon to
honor and respect. It is the Aristocracy of Intellect and Labor. Its patent of nobility will
be perpetuated when the plumed heroes of the battlefield and their titles shall be forgotten.
It has emancipated imprisoned thought and sent it on its heaven born mission to redeem and
disenthrall the human race from its bondage of ignorance and bigotry. It whitens our seas
with its wings of commerce — it traverses our States with the speed of lightning — it builds our
marts of trade and tills our harvest fields. It yields homage only to worth, and kuows no de-
scent beyond the honest matrons who gave birth to its supporters and nestled close to their
bosoms the young, glorious life of American liberties.

tor such aristocracy I claim your homage. You, gentlemen of the Kentucky Mechanics'
Institute, are a part and parcel of it, and standing here to night, at the close of your fourth
year's labors, I feel as if it were my duty, on behalf of our city and State, to invest you, one
and all, with the knighthood of true manliness. May you ever wear that insignia upon your
brows — and may you Mr. President, and your associates in office, cherish with peculiar fidelity
your duties toward Louisville, toward Kentucky, and toward the Union.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 445

LOGAN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

RUSSELLVILLE, NOVEMBER 16, 1857.

R. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. Ky. S. A. Society.

At a meeting of the citizens of Logan county, iu the Court House in Russellville, on the
3d of June, 1854, this Association was organized, and the following gentlemen were elected
officers for the ensuing year:

David King, President; W. D. Dempsey, Vice President; J. M. Be.il, Tn asurer; J. B. Pey-
ton, Secretary. A Board of Directors was also chosen.

An appropriate lot of twelve acres, near the town of Russellville, was immediately purchased
and improved by the erection of suitable buildings, and in other ways suitable for the ensuing
exhibition.

The first Annual Fair was held on the 11th, 12th, and 13th days of October, 1854, and it
fully equalled the expectations of its most sanguine friends.

The Association has been in successful operation ever since its first organization, having
held a Fair each year, and the receipts and attendance of the last Fair exceeded those of any
preceding one.

Its beneficial results in the improvement of the various kinds of stock in the county are
evident, and we already think that our ladies have no superiors, not only in beauty, out also
in domestic manufactures and handiwork. Our Society, I believe, is the oldest one of the
kind in the Green River Country, and although we occupy the same grounds, and, with a few
additions, the same buildings with which we commenced, yet we deem them inadequate for
our purposes, and it is now contemplated to tear down the old amphitheater and erect a new
and spacious one, together with the other appurtenances of well improved Fair Grounds.

Enclosed you will find a printed Premium List, with a list of the names of the officers for
1857, together with a list of the Premiums awarded.

Very respedtfully, yours, &c.

G. R. BIBB, Secretary.

Frankfort, Jan. 12th, 1858.
R. W. Scott, &c.

Dear Sir: — Your note is to hand, and in reply I have to state, that our amphitheatre
is 150 feet in diameter and covered. I suppose our entire improvements are worth from two
to three thousand dollars, including grounds and the necessary buildings for offices, store
houses, &c. We have as yet no stalls finished, and are now making efforts to convert our
present organization into a joint stock company, with a view to more permanent and exten-
sive improvements, and a more efficient action. The benefits of our present organization are
manifesting themselves in the improvement of our stock and agricultural improvements gen-
erally, and we anticipate the best results from our efforts.

Yours, respectfully,

ROBERT BROWDER, President.

OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.
Robert Browder, President; J R Bailey, Vice President; Geo. R. Bibb, Secretary; Jas. W.
Ryan, Treasurer; David King, J. M. Beall, Thos. B. Bailey, B. K. Tully, A. M. McLean, G.
W. Munday, L. H. Ferguson, J. W. Kendall, C P Gillum, and A. F. Long, Directors; John
W. Malone, Chief Marshal; Saml. Grinter, Thos. B. Harrison, Z. M. Beall and R. T. Young,
Assistant Marshals.

446 REPORT OF THE

PREMIUM LIST OF THE LOGAN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANI-
CAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Best ten yards superfine Jeans, - $ 5 00

Be?t ten yards Negro Jeans, - 3 00

Best ten yards Negro Linsey, 2 00

Besr, ten yards Flannel, all wool, 3 00

Best pail- "Blankets, 5 00

Best Jeans Coat, cut and made by a lady, 3 00

Best pair Pants, cut and made by a lady, - - - - - - - 2 00

Best Shirt, cut and made by a lady, .----■-,, 2 00

Best Shirt made by a girl of twelve years of age and under, - - - - - 2 00

Best Quilt, not silk, not patchwork, 5 00

Best Quilt, plain patchwork, 5 00

Best patchwork, Worsted Quilt, - - - - 3 00

Best Woolen Coverlet, home made, ......... 3 00

Best Counterpane, 3 00

Best ten yards Wool Carpet, 5 00

Best ten yards Rag Carpet, 3 00

Best ten yards Flax Linen, - 2 00

Best pair Woolen Hose, Silver Thimble.

Best pair Hall Hose, made by a girl under twelve years of age, - - Silver Thimble.

Best Silk Bonnet, made by a lady, ---------- 3 00

Best Fancy Dress Bonnet, - - - 3 00

Best ten yards of Fine Linsey, white or colored, - . - 3 00

Best home-made Table Linen, six yards, - - -' - - - - 3 00

Best Boquet of Flowers, 2 CO

Best variety of Flowers, - - 3 00

NEEDLEWORK.

Best piece of Needlework on Linen or Muslin, lor ladies' wear, home made, - - $ 3 00

EMBROIDERY.

Best piece of Worsted Embroidery, - - - § 3 00

Best piece of Embroidery on Silk or Velvet, --------3 00

All of the above articles to be strictly home made, and manufactured in the family of the
person exhibiting them.

Judges — A. S Winlock, T. J. Jefferies, J. L. Rizer, J. B. Krumbaugh, Ex. Stockdale, II.
Roberts.

AGRICULTURAL IMPMEMENT3.

Best two horse Sod Plow, - $ 5 00

Best two horse Stubble Plow, 5 00

Best one horse P.ow, ------------ 3 00

Best Straw Cutter, 5 00

Best Cultivator, 3 00

Best Wheat Fan, - - - - 3 00

Best large Wagon and Bed, 5 00

Best two horse wagon and Bed, - - - - - - - - - •> 00

Be<t Buggy, - fi 00

Judges— Silt s Gilbert, Thos. G. Gooch, Danl. Haddox, F. Inman, B. Swearingen, T. Offutt.

SADDLERY AND LEATHER.

Best Man's Saddle and Bridle, $ 5 00

Best Ladies Saddle' and Bridle, 5 00

Best Carriage or Buggy Harness, --.....--. 5 00

Best lot of Assorted Leather, 3 00

Judges— W . M. F. Caldwell, W. T. Evans, G. S. Vick, J. Creighton.

HATS.

Best Wool Hat. $ 3 00

Judges.— S. Grinter, Thos. W. Morton, Will. Morton.

FRUIT.

Best dUplay of Fruit, with a catalogue annexed, - - $ 5 00

Judges.— W . B. Hughes, W. D. Boyer, Samuel Grinter.

YEGF.TABLES.

Best barrel Irish Potatoes, $ 2 50

Be-t barrel Sweet Potatoes, ------ 2 50

Best display of Garden Vegetables, 3 00

Judges— G. W. Gray, R. ti. Caldwell, B. T. Blewett, Dr. St. Clair Leavell, of Christian.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 447
SECOND DAY.

HARNESS HORSES.

Best, Harness Stallion, three years old and upwards, - ----- 10 00

Best Harness Brood Mare, three years old and upwards, - - - - . - 10 00

Best span of Harness Geldings or Mares, 10 00

Be.-t Buggy Gelding or Mare, 10 00

SADDLE HORSES.

Best Saddle Stallion, three years old and upwards, - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Saddle or Harness Stallion, two years old and under three, - - - 10 00

Best Saddle or Harness Stallion, one year old and under two, - - - - - 10 00

Best Saddle or Harness Stallion, under one year, - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Saddle Mare, three years old and upwards, - • - - - - - 10 00

Best Saddle or Harness Mare, two years old and under three, ----- 10 (10

Best Saddle or Harness Mare, one year old and under two, - - - • - 10 00

Best Saddle or Harness Mare Colt, under one year old, - - - - - 10 00

Best Saddle Gelding or Mare, - -.-..... - - 10 00

BLOODED HORSES.

Best Blooded Stallion of any age, sweepstake, - - - - - - - 15 00

Bet-t Blooded Mare of any age, sweepstake, - ------ 15 00

Jucfyes— Bryce Wilkerson, J P. Tully, Coleman Gill, J. P. Murray, Dr. N. Conn, Waller
Lewis, B. D. Taylor.

CATTLE.

Best Bull, three years old and upwards,, ------- - - 10 00

Best Bull, two years old and under three, -------- 10 00

Best Bull, one year old and under two, - - - 10 00

Best suckling Bull, under one year old, - - - 10 00

B?st Cow, three years old and upwards, -...--..- ]0 00

Best Cow, two years old and under three, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Heiter, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best suckling Calf, under one year old, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Judges — Joseph T. Offutt, W. Whooton, of Simpson; W. B. Hughes, John Grubbs, W.
Flood.

HOGS.

Best Boar, - - 10 00

Best Sow, - ------ 10 00

Best pair of Pigs, six months old and under, 10 00

SHEEP.

Best long wool Buck, 5 00

Best long wool Ewe, 5 00

Best lung wool Buck Lamb, under one year old, ... 2 50

Best long wool Ewe Lamb, under one year old, - 2 50

Best short wool Buck, - - 5 00

Best short wool Ewe, - 5 00

Best short wool Buck Lamb, under one year, ------- 2 50

Best short wool Ewe Lamb, under one year, -------- 2 50

Judges— J. M. Bartou, J. P. Tully, George T. Blakey, Peter Shields, Geo. W. Gray.

THIRD DAY.

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.

Best sample of Tobacco from a crop ol 2,000 pounds and upwards, 10 Oft

Sample to be accompanied by the statement, of three disinterested persons who are judges
of the article, that it is a lair sample of the entire crop of the person exhibiting it.

GRAIN

Best ten acres of Corn, (one acre of the ground and the Corn to be measured by three or more

disinterested persons — the successful competitor to furnish statement of the mode of culture

and planting,) HI 0>>

Persons competing for premiums for the largest yield, must have the ground measured by a

competent surveyor, and must produce his certificate -is to the quantity under cultivation; the

corn must be left standing until the first of November.

Best, two bushels ol wheat, - - - - - - 3 00

The Wheat and Coin to be measured in a sealed half bushel.

Judges — A.J. McLean, 11. L.Gillum, John Finch, C. Travis, D. B. Sydner.

DRAFT HORSES.

Best Draft Stallion, three years and upwards, - - - • - - - -10 00

Best Draft Stallion, two years and under three, - 10 00

448 REPORT OF THE

Best Draft Stallion, one year old and under two, 10 00

Best Draft Stallion Colt, under one year old, 10 00

Best Draft Mare, three years old and upwards, - 10 00

Best Draft Mare, two years old and under three, - 10 00

Best Draft Mare, one year old and under two, 10 00

Best Draft Mare Colt, under one year old, -------- 10 00

JACKS, JENNETS, AND MULES.

Best Mule two years old and upwards, - - 10 00

Best Mule one year old and under two, ... - 10 00

Best Mule Colt under one year old, 10 00

Best Jack three years old and upwards, --------- 10 00

Best Jack two years old under three, 10 00

Best Jack one year old and under two, - - - 10 00

Best Jack Colt under one year old, - - - - 10 00

Best Jennet three years old and upwards, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Jennet two years old and under three, - ----- 10 00

Best Jennet one year old and under two, - ....... if) 00

Best Jennet Colt under one year old, --------- 10 00

Judges— Jesse Russell, of Todd; George T. Blakev, L. Gilbert, H L. Gillum, Wra. Mc-
Cear'ey, P. Shields, Dr. N. Conn, Jas. Small, of Todd.

RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

Those who are not members of the Association may make exhibitions by paying five dollars
at the time of entry.

Any person may become a member for the period of one year, by paying to the Treasurer
$3, on or before the 1st of September, and shall exhibit stock or articles without additional
charge, but shall not hold any interest in the property or real estate of the Association.

All entries of stock or articles for exhibition must be made by 10 o'clock of the day of ex-
hibition; the owner of the stock to place in the hands of the Secretary the age of the stock to
be shown, and the name of the breeder.

All domestics exhibited for premiums must have been made within the two years preceding
the Fair, and to each article must be attached a label stating this fact.

All stock, and every article presented for exhibition, will be under the control of the Board
of Directors.

No animal will be allowed to compete for more than one premium at the same Fair.

No barren animal shall compete for a premium with one that breeds.

No person, (other than the Judges,) shall be allowed to go into the ring where the stock and
articles are placed for exhibition, except the President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer,
Directors, and Marshals.

No person shall be permitted to enter the ring to exhibit stock in person; and any person
violating this rule shall not receive a premium. And if any person shall wilfully make known
to the Judges his ownership of stock on exhibition, or the pedigree thereof, he shall not be
entitled to a premium on such stock.

The premiums will be silver cups, medals, and spoons.

The best animal or article, in each case, to receive a premium; the second best, a certifi-
cate.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE LOGAN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND ME-
CHANICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR lb57.

FIRST DAY.

Best ten yards Superfine Jeans, nine entries, Mrs. W. W. Follin, premium; Mrs. J. L. Gil-
lum, certificate.

Best ten yards of Negro Jeans, four entries, Mrs. Wm- McCearley, premium; Mrs. T. M.
Tully, certificate.

Best ten yards Negro Linsey, four entries, Mrs. Wm. McCearley, premium; Mrs. W. T.
Evans, certificate.

Best ten yards Flannel, all wool, two entries, Mrs. Wm. McCearley, premium; Mrs. Tighl-
man Off'utt, certificate.

Best pair of Blankets, one entry, Mrs. B. K. Tully, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 449

Best Pants, cut and made by a lady, one entry, Mrs. J. H. Johnson, of Todd county, pre-
mium.

Best Shirt, made by a lady, two entries, Miss Sally F. Hughes, premium; Mrs. J. H. John
son, of Todd county, certificate.

Best Shirt, made by a girl under twelve years of age, one entry, Miss Sue B. Blakey, pre-
mium.

Best Quilt, plain patchwork, seven entries, Mr3. J. H. Johnson, of Todd county, premium;
Mrs. Clay Gillum, certificate,

Best Patchwork Worsted Quilt, three entries, Mrs. J. L. Gillum, premium; Mrs. M. B.
Morton, certificate.

Best Woolen Coverlet, four entries, Mrs. James Glass, premium; Mrs. T. M. Tully, certifi-
cate.

Best Counterpane, three entries, Mrs. Jas. Glass, premium; Mrs. James M. Beall, certifi
cate.

Best ten vard3 Wool Carpet, two entries, Mrs. W. H. Smith, of Bowlinggreen, premium;
Mrs. Wm. McCearley, certificate.

Best ten yards of Rag Carpet, four entries, Mrs. John Earner, premium; Mrs. T. M. Tully,
certificate.

Best ten yards of Flax Linen, one entry, Mrs. T. Offuct, premium.

Best pair of Woolen Hose, three entries, Mrs. J. L. Gillum, premium; Mrs. J. T. King, cer
tlficate.

Best. pair Half Hose, knit by a girl under twelve, three entries, Miss Amelia W. Williams,
premium; Miss Alice Johnson, certificate.

Best Silk Bonnet, one entry, Mrs. T. K. Foster, premium.

Best Fancy Dress Bonnet, one entry, M-s. T. K. Foster, premium.

Best ten yards fiue Linsey, White or Colored, nine entries, Mrs. J. L. Gillum, premium anti
certificate.

Best Boquet of Flowers, one entry, J. S. Downer, of Todd county, premium.

An extra premium was awarded Mr. J. S. Downer for Fruit, and also, a $5 00 medal for his
rich and rare collection of Dahlias.

Best Variety of Flowers, two entries, Mrs. Osmond Roberts, premium; J. S. Downer, of
Todd county, certificate.

Best Piece of Needle Work on Linen or Muslin, two entries, Dudley Jefferies, premium;
W. P. Harding, certificate.

Best Piece of Embroidery on Worsted, two entries, Mrs. L. P. Price, premium and certifi-
cate.

An outside premium was awarded Mr3. John Cox, of Bowlinggreen, for a neat and elegant
piece of Embroidery.

Best piece of Embroidery on Velvet or Silk, three entries, Mrs. T.K.Foster, premium;
Mrs. L. P. Price, certificate.

Best Buggy, two entries, John Creighton and Brother, premium and certificate.

Be3t man's Saddle and Bridle, one entry, James Glasscock, Clarksville, premium.

Best lady's 7 saddle and Bridle, one entry, Jame3 Glasscock, Clarksville, premium.

Best Carriage or Buggy Harness, three entries, Beard, Baker & Crutchfield, Hopkinsville,
premium; James Glasscock, Clarksville, certificate.

Beard, B:tker & Crutchfield's Buggy Harness was declared worthy of a premium.

Be?t display of Fruit, one entry, J. S. Downer, Todd, premium.

Best barrel of Irish Potatoes, one entry, D. W. Poor, premium.

Best barrel of Sweet Potatoes, two entries, Osmond Roberts, premium, D. W. Poor, certifi-
cate.

Best display of Garden Vegetables, two entries, Osmond Roberts, premium; D. W. Poor,
certificate.

SECOND DAY.

Harness Stallions, two years old and upward, seven entries, Rev. J. S. M'Gee, premium;
James McFerrin, Bowlinggreen, certificate.

Harness Brood Mare, three years old and upward, fourteen entries, W. L. Dulaney, Warren,
premium; David King, certificate.

Span of Harness Horses, sis entries, S. Byram, Robertson county, Tennessee, premium;
Robert Wooldridge, Trigg, certificate.

Best Buggy Gelding or Mare, eleven entries, Thomas C. Coghill, Simpson, premium; Jas.
Geddis, Warren, certificate.

Best Stallion, three years old and under four, five entries, C. Class, premium; B. K. Tully,
certificate.

Best Mare, three years old and under four, six entries, A- Graham, Warren, premium; G.
F. Taylor, Simpson, certificate.

Best Saddle Stallion, three years old and upward, three entries, George T. Blakey & Co.,
premium; G. F. Taylor, certificate.

450 REPORT OF THE

Saddle or Harness Stallion, two years old and under three, three entries, Joseph Potter,
Warren, premium; Jacob Yost, certificate.

Saddle or Harness Stallion, one year old and under two, eight entries, David King, pre-
mium; E. Carneal, certificate.

Saddle or Harness Stallion, under one year old, five entries, James Steele, premium; Pe-
ter Shields, certificate.

Saddle Mare, three years old and upward, nine entries, H. L. Gillum, premium; J. R.
Aingell, certificate.

Saddle or Harness Mare, two years old and under three, three entries, E. R. Harney, War-
ren, premium; James Steele, certificate.

Saddle or Harness Mare, one year old and under two, three entries, David King, premium;
A. G. Sears, certificate.

Saddle or Harness Mare Colt, under one year old, six entries, J. W. Malone, premium; J.
C. Travis, certificate.

Saddle Gelding or Mare, twenty entries, A. J. Brown, Todd, premium; Dr. S. S. Porter,
certificate.

Blooded Stallion of any age, four entries, Wiley Taylor, Todd, premium; C. Green, Rob-
ertson county, Tennessee, certificate.

Blooded Mare of any age, six entries, Wiley Taylor, Todd, premium; Miles Kelley, War-
ren, certificate.

CATTLE.

Bull, three years old and upward, four entries, E. O. Hawkins, premium; David Moss,
Warren, certificate.

Bull, one year old and under two, two entries, William Morton, premium; W. J. Haden,
certificate.

Sucking Bull, under one year old, five entries, E. 0. Hawkins, premium and certificate.

Best Cow, three years old and upward, six entries, David King, premium; Geo. R. Bibb,
■certificate.

Cow, two years old and under three, four entries, Pres. E. Herndon, premium; W. 0. An-
derson, certificate.

Heifer, one year old and under two, nine entries, W. Haden, premium; David King, certifi-
cate.

Sucking Heifer, under one year old, J. M. Brown, premium; David King, certificate.

Best Boar, three entries, G. W. Gill, premium; Geo. R. Bibb, certificate.

Best Sow, five entries, Dr. J. R. Curd, of Warren, premium; Chas. P. Gillum, certificate.

Best pair of Pigs, under six months old, four entries, G. W. Gill, premium; C. P. Gillum,
certificate.

Long Wooled Buck, two entries, B. K. Tully, premium.

Long Wooled Ewe, one entry, B. K. Tully, premium.

Long Wooled Buck Lamb, under one year old, one entry, B. K. Tully, premium.

Long Wooled Ewe Lamb, under one year old, two entries, B. K. Tully, premium and certi-
ficate.

Short Wooled Buck, two entries, B K. Tully, premium.

THIRD DAY.

Best Sample of Tobacco, six entries, Geo. B Starks, premium; Coleman Gill, certificate.

Best ten acres of Corn, two entries. Yet to be decided.

Best two bushels of Wheat, two entries, D. W. Poor, premium.

Best Draft Stallion, three years old and udwards, three entries, J. T. King, premium ; W. L.
Coinett, certificate.

Draft Stallion, two years old and under three, two entries, Henry Miller, premium; Michael
Kelly, certificate.

Draft Stallion Colt, under one year old, six entries, Chas. P. Gillum, premium; Geo. R.
Bibb, certificate.

Draft Mare, three years old and upward, eight entries, L. H. Ferguson, premium; Chas. P.
Gillum, ceitificate.

Draft Mare, two years old and under three, five entries, Jas. Steele, of Simpson, premium;
Michael Keller, certificate.

Draft Mare, one year old and under two, two entries, Chas. P. Gillum, premium; J. T. King,
certificate.

Draft Mare Colt, under one year old, five entries, Robt. Murray, premium; James B. Grin-
ter, certificate.

Best Mule, two years old and upward, eight entries, K. C. Mason, premium; F. D. Gill, cer-
tificate.

Mule, one year old and under two, three entries, B. K. Tully, premium; Reuben Younger,
certificate.

Mule Colt, under one year old, seven entries, L. H. Ferguson, premium; G. P. Ewing, cer-
tificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 451

Jack, three years old and upward, three entries, Sam. Byram of Robertson county, Tenn.,
premium; A. M. McLean, certificate.

Jack, two years old and under three, one entry, B. F. Ray, premium.

Jack Colt, under one year old, four entries, Mrs. J. P. Tully, premium; David King, certifi-
cate.

Jennets, three years old and upward, four entries, Henry B. Tully, premium; David King,
certificate.

Jennets, two years old and under five, three entries, R. C. Bowling, premium; B. F. Ray,
certificate.

Jennets, one year old and under two, one entry, Henry B. Tully, premium.

Jennet Colt, under one year old, four entries, Mrs. J. P. Tully, premium; Henry B. Tully,
certificate. «

SPECIAL RING.

The most graceful display of Horsemanship, twenty -one entries, William V. Boyer, of Miss.,
premium; A. J. Brown, of Todd, certificate.

Best Span of Horses, three entries, John King, premium; L. W. Bourne, of Todd, certifi-
cate.

NELSON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

Bardstown, Nelson County, Oct. 21, 1857.
R. W. Scott, Esq. Corresponding Secretary Ky. State Ag. Society:

Dear Sir: Your circular of June last has»just been handed to me by Hon. C A. Wicfc-
lifFe, to whom it was addressed, with the request that I would answer it. I regret that the
time is so short that I cannot give it that attention that it deserves.

Under a charter of the last Legislature, an Agricultural and Mechanical Association was
organized in this county in May, 1856. The association purchased twelve acres of land, and
have improved it by erecting an amphitheatre, stables, pens, cottage, digging wells, &c, at a
cost of about $9,000. Two Fairs have been held, both of which were highly creditable. It is
under the supervision of a President, three Vice Presidents, and fifteen Directors, who are
elected annually by the Stockholders on the 2nd Monday in May.

I enclose you by to-day's mail a list of premiums awarded at the last Fair.

We have no minerals, rocks. &c, that we could now send you, but hope to b« able to do 80
by another fear. Any plants, seeds, &c, that you could send us would be most thankfully re-
ceived.

Yours Respectfully,

WILLIAM JOHNSON, Secretary.

OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION.
Felix G. Murphy, President; A. C. Wilson, Wilson Samuels, E. L. Miles, Vice Presidents;
Jo. Brown, James Maxwell, M. R. Yewell, G. W. Forman, Thomas S. Speed, C. P. Mat-
tingly, Abner King, William Hunter, James Minor, Miles Hagan, William Sutherland, Isaac
Miller, E. L. Davison, J. W. Burton, Directors; L. McKay, Jr., Treasurer; William Johnson,
Secretary.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE NELSON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHAN-
ICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857,

FIRST DAY.

ladies' manufactures.

Fine Jeans, ten yards, $5 00

Negro Jeans, ten yards, 5 00

White Linsey, ten yards, -• 3 00

Colored Linsey, ten yards, 3 00

Plaid or striped Linsey, ten yards, .-..—.--.- 3 00

White Flannel, ten yards, - - 3 00

Woolen Carpet, ten yards, 500

452 REPORT OF THE

Rag Carpet, ten yards, 3 00

Flax Linen, ten yards, 2 00

Tow Linen, ten yards, 2 00

Linen Diaper, ten yards, 3 00

Woolen Hose, one pair, 1 00

Woolen Half Hose, one pair, 1 00

Blankets, one pair, - - - - 5 00

, Needle-work, cotton or thread, 5 00

Worsted Embroidery, 5 00

Silk Embroidery, 5 00

White Counterpane, 5 00

Cotton Quilt Patch work, 5 00

Woolen Quilt Patch-work, 5 00

Silk Quilt Patchwork, 5 00

China Fruit Bowl, 12 00

All the above work to be strictly home made.

Judges — W. J. Robertson, Washington; Mrs. Chas. Grundy, Washington; D. Phillips, Ma-
rion; L. M'Kay, Nelson; Chas. Haydon, Nelson; J. B. Hackley, Nelson; Mrs. Nancy Allen,
Nelson; Mrs. E. L. Miles, Nelson;* Mrs. S. C. Bealmear, Nelson; Mrs. Alfred Bodine, Nel-
son.

TLEASURE CARRIAGES.

Best Carriage, 10 00

Beet Rockaway, - - - 10 00

Best Top Buggy, - - - - 10 00

Best Open Buggy, 10 00

Judges — W. R. Shepherd, Louisville; I. F. Stone, Louisville; S. B. Thomas, Hardin; J. M.
Doom, Bullitt; Wm Sisco, Nelson; Owen Ruble, Nelson.

HARNESS AND SADDLERY.

Set of Double Harness, 8 00

Set of Single Harness, 5 00

Man's Saddle and Bridle, 5 00

Ladies' Saddle and Bridle, 5 00

Judges — Thos. Craycraft, Washington; Wm. Casey, Washington; Haden E. Stone, Nelson;
H. Bridwell, Nelson; Thos. Newman, Nelson.

CABINET WORK.

Bedstead, 10 00

Dressing Bureau, 5 00

Centre Table, 5 00

Pair Sociables, 5 00

Ladies' Work Table, 5 00

Six Chairs, ----- 5 00

Rocking Chair, - - 5 00

Judges — H. McElroy, Washington; John Bedford, Washington; John Dyer, Larue; J. H.
Talbott, Nelson; L. McKay, Nelson.

BOOTS, SHOES AND LEATHER.

Men's Fine Boots, pair, - - 2 00

Ladies' Fine Boots, pair, 1 00

Men's Fine Shoes, pair, 1 00

Men's Coarse Shoes, pair, 1 00

Ladies' Fine Shoes, pair, 1 00

Sole Leather, side, 2 00

Skirting Leather, side, 2 00

Harness Leather, side, -:..-. 2 00

Upper Leather, side, 2 00

Kip Skins, six, - 2 00

Calf Skins, six, - .... 2 00

Judges — A. Hamilton, Washington; J. M. Doom, Bullitt; W. H. Doom, Nelson; D. J.
Wood, Nelson; D. Auld, Nelson; F. Troutman, Nelson; Ben. Thornsberry, Nelson.

DAIHV.

Butter, five pounds, 1 00

Cheese, five pounds, 1 00

Ham, boiled or baked, ? 1 00

Saddle of Mutton, cooked, 1 00

Wheat Bread, one loaf, 1 00

Corn Bread, one loaf, - - - - 1 00

Syrup of Chinese Sugar Cane, one gallon, 3 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 400

Cider, six bottles, - - - - 2 00

Kentucky Wine, six bottles, 5 00

Judges — John Raine, Jefferson; Isaac Everett, Jefferson; Rev. F. Chambige, Nelson; Rev.
J. V. Cosby, Nelson; W. W. Metcalfe, Nelson; R. J. Browne, Washington.

FRUITS, MELONS AND VEGETABLES.

Fruits, best display, good varieties, 5 00

Best Watermelon, 1 00

Best Muskmelon, 1 00

Best Cantelope, 1 00

Vegetables, best display, - 5 00

Judges — H. P. Bryam, Jefferson; Edwd. D. Hobbs, Jefferson; J. Brumfield, Boyle; Sam.
Haycraft, Hardin; W. R. Grigsby, Nelson. *

POULTRY.

Turkeys, pair, 1 00

Geese, pair, 1 00

Ducks, pair, i 00

Chickens, large kind, pair, 1 00

Chickens, game, pair, 1 00

Best pair of Chickens, of any kind, 1 00

Best display of Poultry, .... 5 00

Judges — Wm. T. Samuels, Hardin; C E. Nourse, Hardin; W. Curry, Mercer; Haden E.
Stoue, Nelson; B. A. Wilson, Nelson.

FARMING IMPLEMENTS.

Four horse Wagon, 10 00

Two horse Wagon, 5 00

One horse Cart, - - - - 5 00

Cutting Box, 2 00

Grain Fan, 5 00

Hay Rake, - - - 2 00

Two-horse Plow, - - 5 00

One horse Plow, 3 00

Harrow, 3 00

Harvesting Cradle, 2 00

Corn Coverer, 2 00

Corn Crusher, 10 00

Clover Seed Hulling Machine, 5 00

Wheat Drill, 5 00

Plan for Farm Gate, - 3 00

Judges. — J. Timmons, Louisville; Innis Wooten, Spencer; A. Goodin, Larue; Jno. White-
head, Nelson; F. Merrifield, Nelson.

1 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.

Wheat, one bushel, 1 00

Oats, one bushel, - - - - 1 00

Rye, one bushel, 1 00

Barley, one bushel, 1 00

Orchard Grass Seed, one bushel, 1 00

Corn Meal, one bushel, 1 00

Irish Potatoes, half bushel, -.-... 1 00

Sweet Potatoes or Yams, half-bushel, 1 00

Corn, for bread, fifty ears, - 1 00

Corn, for stock, fifty ears, - 1 00

Corn, for hominy, fifty ears, - - - - - - - - - - 100

Flour, one barrel, - 5 00

Chinese Sugar Cane, one dozen best stalks, 1 00

Judges — S. Grundy, Washington; Geo. Clements, Washington; Ben. Crow, Bovle; Wm.
Elliott, Nelson; Henry Harned, Nelson; F. B. Grundy, Nelson; Aaron Bryant, Nelson.

SECOND DAY.

HOGS.

Boar, over twelve months old, 5 00

Boar, over six and under twelve months old, 5 00

Boar, under six months old, - . - - - ........ 5 00

Sow, over twelve mouths old, 5 00

Sow, over six and under twelve months old, 5 00

Sow, uuder six months old, 5 00

Judges — James Phillips, Marion; Ben. Spalding, Marion; Ben. Piles, Washington; Daniel
Hughes, Washington; A. Beard, Nelson; John Johnson, Nelson.

454 REPORT OF THE

SHEEP — LONG WOOLED.

Buck, over one year old, 5 00

Buck, under one year old, ..-.----.-- 5 00

Ewe, over one year old, - 5 00

Ewe, under one year old, - 5 00

MIDDLE WOOLED.

Buck, over one year old, - - - - - - - - - - - 5 00

Buck, under one year old, ... ....... 5 00

Ewe, over one year old, ------------ 5 00

Ewe, under one year old, 5 00

Judges — Thomas R. Brown, Washington; Wm, M. Irvin, Boyle; D. W. Jones, Boyle; Jos.
Miller, Larue; Squire Heady, Spencer; Jonathan Brown, Nelson.

WORK OXEN.

Best Yoke Oxen, 10 00

Judges — William Patterson, Bullitt; Jo. Miller, Larue; D. Everhart, Marion; A. Johnson,
Nelson; Ellis Duncan, Nelson.

FAT CATTLE.

FivP head best Fatted Cattle, - - - - 10 00

One head best Fatted Cattle, 10 00

Judges — Ben. Montgomery, Washington; A. Vandyke, Spencer; E. L. Huffman, Louis-
ville; Mike Sweets, Nelson, L. Dragoo, Nelson.

CATTLE.

Bull, under one year old, 10 00

Bull, over one year old and under two, - 10 00

Bull, over two years old and under three, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Bull, over three years old and under four, .... - - - 10 00

Bull, over four years old, - - - - ... - . . - 10 00

Cow, under one year old, ----------- 10 00

Cow, over one year old and under two, - 10 00

Cow, over two years old and under three, - 10 00

Cow, ovei three years old and under four, 10 00

Cow, over four years old, 10 00

8WEEPSTAKES FOR CATTLE.

Cows, any age, 10 00

Bulls, any age, 10 00

Judges — I. P. Fisher, Boyle; W. L. Caldwell, Boyle; D. W. Jones, Boyle; Charles
Grundy, Washington; Milton Rogers, Washington; N. G. Thomas, Nelson, I. D. Stone, Nel-
son.

HARNESS HORSES.

Mare, under one year old, - - - 10 00

Mare, over one year old and under two, - ------ 10 00

Mare, over two years old and under three, - - ■ - 10 00

Mare, over three years old and under four, - - - - - - - 10 00

Mare, over four years old, ----------- 10 00

Stallion, under one year old, ------ 10 00

Stallion, over one year old and under two, 10 00

Stallion, over two years old and under three, - - - - - - - 10 00

Stallion, over three years old and under four, - - - 10 00

Stallion, over fours years old, - 10 00

Judges — Elias Dorsey, Jefferson; D. Heinshon, Jefferson, D. Heath, Boyle, S. B. Thomas,
Hardin, D. M. Kelly, Nelson, B. L. McAfee, Nelson.

SADDLE GELDINGS AND MARES.

Mare, under the saddle, - - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Gelding, under the saddle, 10 00

Judges — James F. Caldwell, Boyle; W. D. Lancaster, Marion; William Bethel, Hardin;
Ben. Chapeze, Bullitt; Edward Graves, Nelson; J. R. Jones, Nelson; S. R. Womack, Jef-
ferson.

THIRD DAY.

DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion, under one year old, - 10 00

Stallion, over one year old and under two, 10 00

Stallion, over two years old and under three, 10 00

Stallion, over three years old and under four, 10 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 455

Stallion, over four years old, 10 00

Mare, under one year old, 10 00

Mare, over one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Mare, over two years old and under three, - - - - - - 10 00

Mare, three years old and under four, 10 00

Mare, over four years old, - - - - - -- - - - -10 00

Gelding of any age, 10 00

Judges — J. S. Seaton, Jefferson; A. Hikes, Jefferson; Peter Funk, Jefferson; K. C. Gaines,
Anderron; John Hall, Shelby; Elijah Stone, Spencer; R. M. Park, Hardin; J. W. Pash, Nel-
son; W. F. Lewis, Nelson.

HORSES FOR ALL jiVORK.

Stallion, under one year old, 10 00

Stallion, over one year old and under two, 10 00

Stallion, over two years old and under three, 10 00

Stallion, over three years old and under four, 10 00

Stallion, over four years old, 10 00

Mare, under one year old, 10 00

Mare, over one year old and under two, 10 00

Mare, over two years old and under three, - - - 10 00

Mare, over three years old and under four, 10 00

Mare, over four years old, - - - - 10 00

Judges — W. W. Swearmgen, Bullitt; A. Chapeze, Bullitt; J. C. Bascom, Washington; H.
Vail, Washington; John C. Brown, Shelby; S. C. Bealmear, Nelson; Dr. Joshua Gore, Nel-
son; J. M. Grume, Spencer.

BLOOD HORSES.

(No Pedigree Required.)

Mare, under, one year old, - 10 00

Mare, over one year old and under two, - - - 10 00

Mare, over two years old and under three, - - 10 00

Mare, over three years old and under four, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Mare, over four years old, .....--..-- 10 00

Stallion, under one year old, 10 00

Stallion, over one year old and under two, 10 00

Stallion, over two years old and under three, 10 00

Stallion, over three years old and under four, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Stallion, over four years old, 10 00

Judges — Dr. G. Forrest, Marion; James Kirk, Marion; W. L. Tarkington, Boyle, Wil-
liam Duke, Boyle; James R. Hughes, Washington; S. T. Drane, Henry; Geo. W. Womack,
Jefferson.

1 SWEEPSTAKES FOR HORSES.

Mare, of any age, 10 00

Stallion, of any age, 10 00

Judges — D. Heath, Boyle, S. Burton, Boyle; S. Roberson, Green; W. B. Marshall, Green;
T. B. Mumford, Hardin; John Overall, Nelson; W. S. Heady, Nelson.

SPECIAL PREMIUMS.

By S. B. Lewis, get of Ole Bull, Horse Colt under one year old, - - - 10 00

Mare Colt under one year old, 10 00

By Wathen & Gwyun, get of Lafayette, Horse Colt under one year old, - - 10 00

Mare Colt under one year old, - 10 00

By Hunter &. Murphy, get of Big Boston, Horse Colt undergone year old, - - 10 00

Mare Colt under one year old, ------ 10 00

By Minor &, Grundy, get of Murdoc, Horse Colt under one year old, - - - 10 00

Mare Colt under one year old, 10 00

Judges — Ben- Stallard, Spencer; Logan Railey, W. F. Harper, Woodford; Milton Rogers,
Washington; W. D. Lancaster, Marion; Elias Dorsey, Jefferson; S. P. Lancaster, W. F.
Graves, Nelson.

FOURTH DAY.

ASSES.

Jack under one year old, - 10 00

Jack over year old and under two, 10 00

Jack over two years and under three, 10 00

Jack over three years and under four, ... 10 00

Jack over four years, 10 00

jennet under one year old, 10 00

Jennet over one year and under two, 10 00

456 REPORT OF THE

Jennet over two years and under three, 10 00

Jennet over three years and under four, - - 10 00

Jennet over four years, 10 00

Sweepstake, Jennets any age, - 10 00

Sweepstake, Jacks any age, ..-.-..--.- 10 00

Judges — Jordon Peters, Josiah Lee, Boyle; Elias Bayse, J. Davis, Spencer, L. Malone,
N. W. Howell, Shelby; J. C. Brown, Washington; N. B. McClaskey, Nelson.

MULES.

Horse Mule under one year old, 10 00

Horse Mule over one and under two, 10 00

Horse Mule over two, 10 00

Mare Mule under one year old, 10 00

Mare Mule over one and under two, - - - 10 00

Mare Mule over two, 10 00

Premium by F. G. Murphy, forget of Imported Charleston, Horse Mule under 1 year, 10 00
Mare Mule under one year old, .......... 10 00

Judges— Jo. Spalding, Washington; Alfred Young, Marion, Frank Lee, Boyle; Robt. Scott,
Lemuel Stone, Spencer; R.J. Stoner, Bullitt; H. Nichols, Jos. Foreman, John A. Mackay,
Nelson.

HORSES AND MULES IN HARNESS.

Pair Mules in harness, 10 00

Pair Mares in harness, - , 10 00

Pair Geldings in harness, 10 00

Stallion under the saddle, 10 00

Stallion in harness, 10 00

Buggy Mare, 10 00

Buggy Gelding, 10 00

Judges — R. Atkinson, H. Dnncan, Ben. Adams, Jefferson; S. B. Thomas, Hardin; J. R.
Hughes, Washington; W. D. Lancaster, Marion; J. A. Y. Humphrey, D. M. Kelley, Nelson.

REGULATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

1. Each day's exhibition will commence at 9 o'clock, by which time all entries must be
made.

2 Individuals may become members for life by the payment of $20. The payment of $5
makes a person a member for one year.

3. Everything must be exhibited by the real owner, and all manufactured articles must be
exhibited by the manufacturer only.

4. Stock exhibited in pairs, and taking a premium, cannot then be separated and shown
singly; nor can an animal exhibited singly, and taking a premium, then be paired and ex-
hibited.

5. No member shall compete for a premium or enter the Fair Grounds free of charge, until
all dues are paid.

6. Members are requested to call on the Treasurer and procure their tickets of admission.

7. Non members competing for a premium, will be charged an amount equal to one half the
premium to be awarded.

8. Presidents and Secretaries of all Agricultural Associations, and Editors and Correspond-
ents of newspapers, are invited to attend, and will receive complimentary tickets by calling on
the Secretary.

PRICES OF ADMISSION.

One hor3e vehicle and driver, $0 50

Two horse vehicle and driver, 75

Two horse hack and driver per day, - 1 00

Four horse hack and driver per day, - - 1 50

Four horse omnibus and driver per day, 2 00

Each person in any of the above vehicles, 25

Man and horse, 35

Footman, 25

Tickets must be procured at the office, as money will not be received st the gate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

457

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE NELSON COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND
MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

ladies' manufactures.

Fine Jeans, Mrs. Joseph McClasky, Nelson, premimu; Mrs. Mary Bryant, Nelson, certifi-
cate.

Negro Jeans, Mrs. Thomas S. Speed, Nelson, premium; Mrs. Martin Miller, Nelson, certifi-
cate.

White Linsey, Mrs. Martin Miller, Nelson, premium; Mrs. James M. Bishop, Nelson, certi-
ficate.

Plaid Linsey, Mrs. Henry Hagan, Nelson, premium; Mrs. Martin Miller, Nelson, certifi
cate.

Rag Carpet, Mrs. E. B. Smith, Nelson, premium; Mrs. T. Wellington, Nelson, certificate.

Flax Linen, Mrs. C. Nichols, Nelson, premium.

Linen Diaper, Mrs. S. C. Belmear, Nelson, premium; Mrs. H. A. Miles, Nelson, certificate.

Woolen Hose, Mrs. Wm. Minor, Nelson, premium.

Woolen Half-Hose, Mrs. David Irvin, Nelson, premium; Mrs. Charles Tewell, Nelson, cer-
tificate.

Blankets, Mrs. David Irvin, Nelson, premium; Mrs. Wm. Beam, Nelson, certificate.

Needle Work, cotton or thread, Mrs. Freleigh, Nelson, premium and certificate.

Worsted Embroidery, Miss Jose Newman, premium.

Silk Embroidery, Miss Callie Coolidge, Nelson, premium; Mrs. H. M. McCarty, Nelson,
certificate.

White Counterpane, Mrs. L. McKay, Jr., Nelson, premium, Mrs. S. C. Belmear, Nelson,
certificate.

Cotton Quilt, Mrs. S. G. Campbell, of Henry, premium; Mrs. Hillery Dawson, Nelson, cer.
tificate .

Woolen Quilt, Mrs. H. W. McCown, Nelson, premium; Mrs. S. H. Murphy, Nelson, certi-
ficate.

Silk Quilt, Miss Callie Coolidge, Nelson, premium; Mrs. Lud. McKay, Jr., Nelson, certifi-
cate.

PLEASURE CARRIAGES.

Top Buggy, Brown & Conway, Louisville, premium; Charles Y. Duncan, Nelson, certifi
cate.

Open Buggy, Charles Y. Duncan, Nelson, premium.

HARNESS AND SADDLERY.

Set Harness, Joseph Hart, Bardstown, premium.
Woman's Saddle and Bridle, Joseph Hart, premium

CABINET WORK.

Bedstead, F. G. Rogers, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Dressing Bureau, F. G. Rogers, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Centre Table, F. G. Rogers, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Sociables, F. G. Rogers, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Lady's Work Table, F. G. Rogers, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Set Chairs, F. G. Rogers, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Rocking Chair, F. G. Rogers, Nelson, premium and certificate.

BOOTS AND SHOES.

Men's Fine Boots, W. W. Metcalfe, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Ladies' Fine Boots, W. VV. Metcalfe, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Men's Fine Shoes, W. W. Metcalfe, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Men's Coarse Shoes, W. W. Metcalfe, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Ladies' Fine Shoes, W. W. Metcalfe, Nelson, premium and certificate.

DAIRY.

Butter, Mrs. T. A. Jones, Nelson, premium; Mrs. C. Doom, Nelson, certificate.

Cheese, Mrs. Ruth Cartmell, Nelson, premium. »

Boiled Ham, Mrs. Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium.

Loaf Wheat Bread, Mrs. Freleigh, Nelson, premium; Mrs. Wm. Johnson, Nelson, certifi-
cate.

Loaf Corn Bread, Mrs. Thomas S. Speed, Nelson, premium; Mrs. Wm. Johnson, Nelson,
certificate.

Syrup of Chinese Sugar Cane, Morgan R. Yewell, Nelson, premium; J. T. Blandford, Nel-
son, certificate.

Kentucky Wine, Mrs. Jo. Brown, Nelson, premium and certificate.

Fruits, best display, good varieties, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium; James M. Bishop,
Nelson, certificate.

458 REPORT OF THE

Watermelon, John Shoptaugh, Nelson, premium; Pat. Bowman, Nelson, certificate.
Muskmelon, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium; George M. Barger, Nelson, certificate.
Cantelope, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium.

Vegetables, best display, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium; J. M. Foreman, Nelson, certifi-
cate.

poultry .
Turkeys, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium.
Geese, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium and certificate.
Ducks, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium and certificate.

Large Chickens, J. M. Doom, Bullit, premium; Wm. Johnson, Nelson, certificate.
Game Chickens, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium.
Best Pair Chickens, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium.
Best display Poultry, Wm. Johnson, Nelsou, premium; J. M. Doom, Bullitt, certificate.

FARMING IMPLEMENTS.

Two horse Plow, Brinley & Davis, Shelby, premium and certificate.

One horse Plow, R. G. Foster, Nelson, premium.

Cultivator, Brinley & Davis, Shelby, premium; R. G. Foster, Nelson, certificate.

Weeding Hoe, Master Merrime, Nelson, premium.

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.

Rye, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium.

Orchard Gras3, Thomas S. Speed, Nelson, premium.

Corn Meal, Thomas S. Speed, Nelson, premium; Mrs. M. Bryant, Nelson, certificate.

Irish Potatoes, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium and certificate.

Sweet Potatoes, John Unseld, Nelson, premium; Wm. Hunter, Nelson, certificate.

Corn for Bread, T. A. Jones, Nelson, premium; Thomas S. Speed, Nelson, certificate.

Corn for Stock, Wm. E. Minor, premium; Ed. C. Clark, Nelson, certificate.

Corn for Hominy, W. E. Minor, Nelson, premium; T. A. Jones, Nelson, certificate.

Flour, Lewis & Murphy, Nelson, premium.

Chinese Sugar Cane, Wm. Johnson, Nelson, premium; R. L. Wickliffe, Nelson, certificate.

SECOND DAY.

HOGS.

Boar, one year old, P. McMakin, Nelson, premium; Nazareth Institution, Nelson, certificate.
Boar, six months old, James M. Bishop, Nelson, premium; George Barger, Nelson, certifi-
cate.

Boar, under six months old, John Overall, Nelson, premium; A. K. Cox, Nelson, certificate.
Sow, six months old, J. M Bishop, Nelson, premium; George Barger, Nelson, certificate.
Sow, under six months old, A. K. Cox, Nelson, premium and certificate.

SHEEP.

Long Wool Buck, over one year old, David Stallard, Nelson, premium.

Long Wool Buck, under one year old, Joseph McClasky, Nelson, premium; Wm. Johnson,
Nelson, certificate.

Long Wool Ewe, over one year old, James Nichols, Nelson, premium; Henry Nichols,
Nelson, certificate.

Long Wool Ewe, under one yeai old, Joseph McClasky, Nelson, premium; Henry Nichols,
Nelson, certificate.

Middle Wooled Buck, over one year old, David Irvin, Nelson, premium; Thomas S. Speed,
Nelson, certificate.

Middle Wooled Buck, under one year old, Joseph Miller, Larue, premium and certificate.

Middle Wooled Ewe, over one year old, Joseph Miller, Larue, premium; Joseph McClasky,
Nelson, certificate.

Middle Wooled Ewa, under one year old, Joseph McClasky, Nelson, premium and certifi-
cate.

WORK OXEN.

Milton Rogers, Washington, premium; F. G. Murphy, Nelson, certificate.

FAT CATTLE.

Five head, I. D. Stone, Nelson, premium; Wilson Bowman, Nelson, certificate.
One head, I. D. Stone, Nelson, premium; Jo. Miller, Larue, certificate.

GATTLE.

Bull, under one year old, N. G. Thomas, Nelson, premium; W. H. Jones, Nelson, certifi-
cate.

Bull, one year old, Jo. Miller, Larue, premium; B. E. Montgomery, Washington, certifi-
cate.

Bull, two year3 old, Thomas S. Grundy, Washington, premium; John Busch, Washington,
certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, 459

Bull, three years old, Wakefield & Bascom, Washington, premium.
Bull, four years old, N. G. Thomas, Nelson, premium.

cows.
Under one year old, J. C. Bascom, Washington, premium; John T. Ewing, Washington,
certificate.

One year old, Jos. Miller, Larue, premium; W. H. Jones, Nelson, certificate.

Two years old, Milton Rogers, Washington, premium and certificate.

Three years old, Lucertius Blanton, Nelson, premium; Joe. Miller, Larue, certificate.

Four years old, Wilson H. Jones, Nelson, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Cows, of any age, Milton Rogers, Washington, premium and certificate.
Bulls, of any age, N. G. Thomas, Nelson, premium; Thomas S. Grundy, Washington, cer-
tificate.

HARNESS HORSES — MARES.

Under one year old, Peyton M'Makin, Nelson, premium; R. L. Thompson, Washington,
certificate
One year old, S. C. Grundy, Washington, premium; Josiah Lee, Boyle, certificate.
Two years old, Jos. M'Clasky, Nelson, premium; Nathaniel Batsel, Nelson, certificate.
Three years old, J. D. Gilman, Jeffersen, premium,
Four years old, Peyton M'Makin, Nelson, premium; N. T. Lee, Boyle, certificate.

STALLIONS.

Under one year old, J- A. Hagan, Nelson, premium; Jonathan Brown, Nelson, certificate.
One year old, J. P. Minor, Nelson, premium, Thos. Duncan, Nelson, certificate.
Two years old, Peyton M'Makin, Nelson, premium; Benedict Pash, Nelson, certificate.
Three years old, D. C. Walker, Washington, premium; F. R. Gwynn, Nelson, certificate.
Four years old, Dennis Nichols, Lincoln, premium; James M. Bishop, Nelson, certificate.

THREE YEAR OLD SADDLE GELDING.

(Premium by owners of horses entered.; Lud. M'Kay, Jr., Nelson, premium; T. P. Lewis,.
Nelson, certificate.

SADDLE MARES.

N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; N. B. M'Clasky, Nelson, certificate.

SADDLE GELDINGS.

Stephen E. Brown, Washington, premium; J. A. Y. Humphreys, Nelson, certificate.

THIRD DAY.

DRAFT HORSES — STALLIONS.

Under one year old, A. L. Tichenor, Nelson, premium; Peyton M'Makin, Nelson, certifi-
cate.

One year old, J. H. Hagan, premium. Mrs. Tyler Wilson, Nelson, certificate.
Two years old, J. H. Parrot, Washington, premium; A. Hunter, Nelson, certificate.
Three years old, Jas. A. Kendall, Spencer, premium; I. S. Coomes, Nelson, certificate.
Four years old, D. M. Kelly & Co., Nelson, premium and certificate.

MARES.

Under one year old, R. B. Griggsby, Nelson, premium; R. L. Thompson, Washington, cer-
tificate.

One year old, Jas. H. Lewis, Jr., Nelson, premium.

Two years old, M. R. Yewell, Nelson, premium.

Three years old, Elijah Stone, Spencer, premium; Abner King, Nelson, certificate.

Four years old, J. A. Hagan, Nelson, premium; Mrs. Tyler Wilson, Nelson, certificate.

,, DRAFT GELDINGS.

Elisha Manika, Nelson, premium; Elijah Stone, Spencer, certificate.

HORSES FOR GENERAL UTILITY — STALLIONS.

Under one year old, Jonathan Brown, Nelson, premium; J. M. Bishop. Nelson, certificate.
One year old, Jonathan Brown, Nelson, premium; J. H. Parrot, Washington, certificate
Two years old, D. L Gregory, Jefferson, premium; Ben. Pash, Nelson, certificate.
Three years old, F. R. Gwynn, Nelson, premium; T. A. Coomes, Nelson, certificate.
Four years old, Ben. Stallard, Spencer, premium; J. M. Bishop, Nelson, certificate.

MARES.

Under one year old, R. J. Stoner, Bullitt, premium; T. A. Jones, Nelson, certificate.
One year old, James Nichols, Nelson, premium; J. S. Barlow, Washington, certificate.
Two years old, W. L. Tarkington, Boyle, premium; Ben/ E. Montgomery, Washington,
certificate.

460 REPORT OF THE

Three year old, Starret Vittetow, Nelson, premium.

Four years old, N. L. Lee, Boyle, premium; W. F. Lewis, Nelson, certificate.

BLOODED HORSES — MARES.

Under one year old, F. G. Murphy, Nelson, premium; R. L. Thompson, Washington, certifi-
cate.

One year old, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; Milton Rogers, Washington, certificate.

Two years old, B. E. Montgomery, Washington, premium.

Four years old, I. G. Johnson, Nelson, premium; P. McMakin, Nelson, certificate.

STALLIONS.

Under one year old, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; W. H. Jones, Nelson, certificate.
One year old, J. H. Parrot, Washington, premium; Thoma3 Duncan, Nelson, certificate.
Two years old, Benedict Pash, Nelson, premium.

Three years old, John T. Ewing, Washington, premium; Ignatius S. Coomes, Nelson, certifi-
cate.

Four years old, D. L. Gregory, Jefferson, premium; Joseph Frazier, Woodford, certificate.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Mares of any age, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; J. E. Lee, Boyle, certificate.
Stallions of any age, James M. Bishop, Nelson, premium; J. T. Ewing, Washington, certifi-
cate.

SPECIAL PREMIUMS.

By S. B. Lewis, get of Ole Bull, Horse Colt, Dave McElroy, premium.

Mare Colt, Mrs. Coleman, premium.

By Gwynn & Wathen, get of Lafayette, Horse Colt, Gwynn & Wathen, premium.

Mare Colt, T. A.Jones, premium.

By Hunter & Murphy, get of Big Boston, Horse Colt, P. McMakin, premium.

Mare Colt, F. G. Murphy, premium.

By Minor & Grundy, get of Murdoc, Horse Colt, N. T. Lee, premium.

Mare Colt, P. McMakin, premium.

FOURTH DAY.

JACKS.

Under one year old, W. L. Tarkington, Boyle, premium.

One year old, Lewis Malone, Shelby, premium; S. C. Browne, Washington, certificate.

Four year old, J. C. Lee, Boyle, premium; S. C. Browne, Washington, certificate.

JENNETS.

One year old, W. L. Tarkington, Boyle, premium.
Two years old, F. G. Murphy>, Nelson, premium.
Four years old, W. L. Tarkington, Boyle, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Jennets of any age, W. L. Tarkington, Boyle, premium; F. G. Murphy, Nelson, certificate.
Jacks of any age, J. E. Lee, Boyle, premium; Lewis Malone, Shelby, certificate.

HORSE MULES.

Under one year old, Miles Hagan, Nelson, premium; Joseph McClasky, Nelson, certificate.
One year old, E. C. Clark, Nelson, premium.

MARE MULES.

Under one year old, Eli D. Stone, Spencer, premium; S. C. Browne, Washington, certifi-
cate.
One year old, R. E. Mason, Shelby, premium; J. E. Lee, Boyle, certificate.
Two years old, G. F. Lee, Boyle, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

For Mules of any age, J. E. Lee, Boyle, premium; S. C. Browne, Washington, certificate.

THREE YEAR OLD BUGGY GELDING.

[Premium given by owners of horses entered.]
F. G. Murphy, Nelson, premium.
L. McKay, Jr., Nelson, certificate.

PAIR OF MULES.

In harness, Geo. T. Lee, Boyle, premium.

PAIR OF MARES.

In harness, D. M. Kelly & Co., Nelson, premium; J. E. Lee, Boyle, certificate.

PAIR OF GELDINGS.

In harness, N. T. Lee, Boyle, premium; D. M. Kelly k Co., Nelson, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, 461

SADDLE STALLION.

M. R. Henry, Woodford, premium; D. Nichols, Lincoln, certificate.

STALLION IN HARNESS.

S. R. Womack & Co., Jefferson, Highland Messenger, premium; Joseph Frazier, Woodford,
certificate.

BUGGY MARE.

J. B. Bright, Woodford, premium.

BUGGY GELDING.

D. M. Kelly & Co., Nelson, premium; S. R. Womack, Jefferson, certificate.

FASTEST TROTTER.

D. L. Gregory, Jefferson, premium; S. R. Womack, Jefferson, certificate.

NORTH KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

NEAR FLORENCE, BOONE COUNTY.

ICFSee the Report of this Society for 1856, (page 170 of this Report,) for a history of its
organization, and proceediugs.

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY, FOR 1857.

Washington Watts, President; John W. Leathers, Vice President; John L. Graves, Treas-
urer; William Bishop, Recording Secretary; T. Spencer Fish, Corresponding Secretary; Lot.

Scott, Marshal; John Barton, Volney Dickerson, H. T. Buckner, Wm. Moxley. J. J. Sweet-
nam, B W. Chamblin, Albert Price, C. T. Allen, Samuel K. Hays, Leonard Stephens, Julius
Rouse, and Joseph C. Hughes, Directors.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE NORTH KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, FOR

1857.

FIRST DAY.

WOOLEN MANUFACTURES.

Best ten yards fine Jeans, $ 3 00

Best ten yards Negro Jeans, - - 3 00

Best ten yards White Linsey, - - - - - 2 00

Best ten yards Colored Linsey, .......... 2 oo

Best ten yards Striped or Plaid Linsey, 2 00

Best ten yards White Flannel, '..... 2 00

Best ten yards Striped or Colored Flannel, 2 00

Best Bedspread or Coverlet, 3 00

Best ten yards Girting Carpet, 3 00

Best ten yards Rag Carpet, 3 00

Best Hearth Rug, 3 00

Best pair Blankets, -500

Best pair Hose, - 1 00

Best pair Half Hose, 1 00

Best pair Gloves, - - 1 00

Best pair Mitts, 1 00

Best Shawl, 3 00

COTTON GOODS.

Best ten yards Twilled mixed Cotton, - 3 00

Best ten yards Twilled White Cotton, 2 00

Best ten yards Plain White CottOD, 2 00

Best five yards Diaper Cotton, - 2 00

Best pair Hose, Cotton, 1 00

Best pair Half Hose, Cotton, 1 00

WNEM OOODS.

Best ten yards Flax Linen, 3 00

Best ten yards Tow Linen, 2 00

Best five yards Diaper Linen, - 3 00

Best Handkerchief, 200

Best Cut, Brown Thread, 1 00

Best Cut, Bleached Thread, 1 00

462

REPORT OF THE

SILK GOODS.

Best Handkerchief, 2 00

Best two oz Silk Thread, 2 00

Best pair Silk Hose, 2 00

Best pair Silk Half Hose, 2 00

Best pair Silk Mitts, - - 1 00

Best pair Silk Gloves, 1 00

PLAIN SEWING, NEEDLE WORK AND EMBROIDERY.

Best suit Men's Clothes, by tailor, 5 00

Best suit Men's Clothes, by lady, 5 00

Best Linen Bosomed Shirt, by lady, ... ..... 3 00

Best Linen Bosomed Shirt, by girl ten years old, - 2 00

Best Silk Embroidery, by lady, - 3 00

Best Silk Embroidery, by girl ten years old, 2 00

Best Woolen Embroidery, by lady, 3 00

Best Woolen Embroidery, by girl ten year old, 2 00

QUILTS, <6C.

Best Silk Quilt, 15 00

Best Worsted Quilt, 10 00

Best Calico Quilt, 8 00

Best White Solid Work, 5 00

Best Worsted Comfort, 3 00

Best Calico Comfort, 2 00

Best White Counterpane, ........... 2 00

FANCY WORK.

Best Specimen Shell Work, 3 00

Best Specimen Hair Work, 3 00

Best Specimen Leather Work, - - - 3 00

Best Specimen Wax Work, 3 00

Best Summer Bonnet, ------- 3 00

Best Winter Bonnet, 3 00

Pest Child's Bonnet, 1 00

Best Fly Brush, 1 00

WOODEN WARE.

Best Tight Barrel, 1 00

Best Slack Barrel, 1 00

Best Lard Keg, 1 00

Best Churn, 1 00

Best Bedstead, 5 00

Best Portable Ward Robe, 3 00

Best half dozen Split Chairs, ----------- 3 00

Best pair Venitian Blinds, - - 3 00

Best Refrigerator or Ice Chest, 3 00

Best Meat Safe, - - 2 00

Best Washing Machine, 3 00

Best half dozen Axe Handles, 1 00

Best Sewing Machine, 5 00

HARNESS, BOOTS AND SHOES.

Best set double Carriage Harness, - - - - 10 00

Best set double Wagon Harness, - 5 00

Best set single Harness, 5 00

Best Saddle and Bridle for gent, 5 00

Best Saddle and Bridle for lady, 5 00

Best pair fine sewed Boots, 3 00

Best pair tine sewed Shoes, 1 00

Best pair tine pegged Boots, 2 00

Best pair fine pegged Shoes, 1 00

Best pair coarse pegged Boots, - 2 00

Best pair coarse pegged Shoes, -------..-100

Best pair Lady's Buskins, by lady, -- --100

Best pair Cloth Gaiters, by lady, 2 U0

Beet display Boots and Shoes, 3 00

SILVER, COPPER AND TIN WAKE.

Best display Silver Ware, 5 00

Best display Copper Ware, 3 00

Best display Tin Ware, - - - - - • - - - - - - 2 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

463

GUNS.

Best Rifle, .... 3 00

Best Shot Gun, general use, 3 00

FRUITS.

Best Pears, 3 00

Best Plums, 2 00

Best Q inces, - 1 00

Best Grapes, 2 00

Best variety Fall Apples, 2 00

Best variety Winter Apples, - - - - - - - - - - - 2 00

Best variety Peaches, ..-...-.---. 3 00

Best display of Fruits, 3 00

Best six bottles Native Wine, - 5 00

Best six bottles Cider, 2 00

Best jar Brandy Peaches, 2 00

FLOWERS.

Best display of Green house, in pots, .....--.. 5 00

Best ten varieties Roses, out, 1 00

Best ten varieties Dahlias, cut, 1 00

Best six varieties Verbenas, cut, ..........] 00

Best greatest varieties, ------------ 2 00

Best Hand Boquet Hardy Flowers, ---------- l 00

Best Hand Boquet Green house Flowers, 1 00

PANTRY AND DAIRY.

Best cooked Ham, 2 00

Best barrel Flour, 3 00

Best bushel Corn Meal, 1 00

Best five pounds Maple Sugar, 1 00

Best gallon Maple Molasses, ... 1 00

Best five pounds Sugar irom Chinese Sugar Cane, ------- 5 00

Best bottle Molasses from Chinese Sugar Cane, 5 00

Best display Preserves, .---- 3 00

Best aisplay Jellies, - - - 2 00

Best displav Pickles, 2 00

Best loaf Corn Bread, 1 CO

Best loaf Wheat Bread, 1 00

Best Pound Cake, without icing, 2 00

Best Fruit Cake, without icing, 2 00

Best Sponge Cake, without icing, 2 00

Best Confectioneries, assorted, ----- 2 00

Best ten pounds Lard, - - - - - 100

Best ten pounds Cheese, - ----- 3 00

Best Ave pounds Butter, .... 3 00

Best five pounds Honey, 1 00

Best gallon Apple Butter, 1 00

Best can Peaches, year old, ..--.--.-.- 1 00

Best can Tomatoes, year old, -.--..--... 1 00

VEGETABLES.

Best half dozen heads of Cabbage, 1 00

Best half peck Onions, ] 00

Best half peck Parsnips, -.-...-..-.. 1 00

Best half peck Tomatoes, 1 00

Best half peck Beets, - - - - - 1 00

Best half bushel Sweet Potatoes, 2 00

Best half bushel Irish Potatoes, 2 00

Best half bushel Turnips, 2 00

Best half dozen bunches Celery, • • - - 1 00

Best half dozen bunches Radishes, ... 1 00

Best half dozen Pumpkins, - 1 00

Best half dozen Watermelons, 1 00

Best half dozen Squashes, 1 00

Best half dozen Muskmellons, - 1 00

Best half peck Beans, 1 00

Best display Vegetables, 5 00

POULTRY.

Best pair Turkeys, 1 CO

464 REPORT OF THE

Best pair Ducks, 1 00

Best pair Chickens, 2 00

Best display Poultry, 3 00

SECOND DAY.

CATTLE.

Best Bull three years and over, - - - - 15 00

Second best Bull three years and over, 10 00

Best Bull two years and under three, 12 00

Second best Bull two years and under three, 5 00

Best Bull one year and under two, 10 00

Second best Bull one year and under two, - - 5 00

Best Bull under one year old, 6 00

Second best Bull under one year old, 4 00

Best Cow, three years and over, - - - 15 00

Second best Cow, three years and over, 10 00

Best Cow, two years and under three, 12 00

Second best Cow, two years and under three, 5 00

Best Cow, oue year and under two, ----- 1.0 00

Second best Cow, one year and under two, 5 00

Best Covr, under one year, ....... .... 6 00

Second best Cow, under one year, 4 00

Best Milch Cow, 10 00

Second best Mich Cow, 5 00

Best Yoke Oxen, three years and over, 10 00

Best Yoke Oxen, two years and under three, 8 00

FAT CATTLE.

Best Bullock, four years and over, - - - - - ' - - - - - 10 00

Best Bullock, three years and under four, 10 00

Best Bullock, two years and under three, 10 00

Best Bullock, one year and under two, 8 00

Best Cow, Spayed Heifer or Free Martin, three years and over, - - - 10 00

Best Cow, Spayed Heifer or Free Martin, two years and under three, - - - 8 00

Best Calf, six months or under, ----- 5 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Bull, 15 00

Best Cow, 10 00

Best Fat Bullock, Spayed Heifer or Free Martin, 10 00

SHEEP.

Best aged Buck, for wool, 5 00

Second best aged Buck, for wool, 2 00

Best aged Buck, for mutton, 5 00

Second best aged Buck for mutton, --------- 2 00

Best aged Ewe for wool, ....------- 5 00

Second best aged Ewe for wool, ---------- 2 00

Best aged Ewe for mutton, 5 00

Second best aged Ewe for muttou, - - 2 00

Best pair Lambs, - 5 00

Second best pair Lambs, .......--.- 2 00

Best four fat theep, 5 00

Second best four fat Sheep, 3 00

HOGS.

Best Boar, one year old and over, ---------- 5 00

Best Eoar, six months and under oue year, -------- 4 00

Best Sow, one year and over, ........... 5 00

Best Sow, six months and under one year, - - 4 00

Best pair of Pigs under two months, 5 00

Best litter of Pigs under two months, - ' 5 00

Best five fat Hogs, 5 00

Riding match in couples, Gent and Lady, 20 00

THIRD DAY.

SADDLE HORSES.

Best Stallion, four years and over, .---.---.- 15 00

Second best Staliiou, four years and over, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Stallion, three years and under four, 10 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 465

Second best Stallion, three years and under four, 5 00

Best Stallion, two years and under three, 10 00

Second best Stallion, two years and under three, - - - - - - - 5 00

Best Stallion, one year and under two, 6 00

Second best Stallion, one year and under two, ------- 4 00

Best Stallion, under one year, 5 00

Second best Stallion, under one year, --------- 2 00

Best Mare, four years and over, - - - - - - - - - - 15 00

Second best Mare, four years and over, - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Mare, three years and under four, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Second best Mare, three years and under four, - - - - - - - 5 00

Best Mare, two years and under three, --------- 10 00

Second best Mare, two years and under three, ------- 5 00

Best Mare, one and under two years, --------- 6 00

Second best Mare, one and under two years, -------- 4 00

Best Mare, under one year, ----------- 5 00

Best Gelding, four years and over, - ------ 20 00

Best Gelding, three years and under four, - - 15 00

Best Gelding, two years and under three, - - 10 00

DRAFT HORSES.

Best Stallion, four years and over, 15 00

Second best Stallion, four years and over, -------- 5 00

Best Stallion, three years and under four, - - - - • - - 10 00

Second best Stallion, three years and under four, - - 5 00

Best Sttllion, two years and under three, -------- 5 00

Second best Stallion, two years and under three, ------- 3 00

Best Stallion, one year and under two, --------- 5 00

Second best Stallion, one year and under two, ------- 2 00

Best Stallion, under one year, ---------- 5 00

Secondbest Stallion, under one year, --------- 2 00

Best Mare, four years and over, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Second beat Mare, four years and over, --------- 5 00

Best Mare, three years and under four, --------- 10 00

Second best Mare, three years and under four, - - - -■ - - 5 00

Best Mare, two years and under three, .... .... 5 00

Second best Mare, two years and under three, 3 00

Best Mare, one and under two years, 5 00

Second best Mare, one and under two years, 2 00

Best Mare, under one year, - - - - - - - - - - - 5 00

Best Gelding, four years and over, 10 00

Best Gelding, three years and under four, - 8 00

Best Gelding, two years and under three, 6 00

Best Gelding, one year and under two, - - - - - - 5 00

BROOD MARES.

Best Brood Mare, four years and over, - - - - 10 00

Second best Brood Mare, four years and over, - ...... - - 5 00

SWEEPSTAKES.

Best Stallion all use, 15 00

Best Mare all use, - - 15 00

Best Gelding all use, ----- 15 00

FOURTH DAY.

HARNESS HORSES.

Best Stallion, four years and over, - - - - 15 00

Second best Stallion, four years and over, - - - 10 00

Best Stallion, three years and under four, - - ....... 10 00

Second best Stallion, three years and under four, 5 00

Best Stallion, two years and under three, - - - 10 00

Second best Stallion, two and under three years, ..... • . . . 5 00

Best Stallion, one year and under two, ........ 5 00

Second best Stallion, one year and under two, 3 00

Best Stallion, under one year, ----....... 5 00

Best Mare, four years and over, - - - - 15 00

Second best Mare, four years and over, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Best Mare, three years and under four, 10 00

Second best Mare, three years and under four, 5 00

466 REPORT OF THE

Be8t Mare, two years and under three, 6 00

Second best Mare, two years and under three, 4 00

Best Mure, one year and under two, 5 00

Second best Mare, one year and under two, ........ 3 00

iBest Mare, under one year, - - 5 00

• Best Gelding, four years and over, - - - 20 00

Best Gelding, three years and undc four, - 15 00

Best Gelding, two years and under three, - - - - 10 00

Best pair Matched Horses, four years old, - - - - - - - 20 00

Best pair Matched Horses, three years and under four, - - - -" - - 10 00

Best pair Matched Mares, four years old, - - - 20 00

Best pair Matched Mares, three years and under four, 10 00

JACK STOCK.

Best Jack, three years and over, - - 10 00

Second best Jack, three years and over, - 500

Best Jack, two years and under three, ......... 10 00

Second best Jack, two years and under three, ........ 5 00

Best Jack, one year and under two, - - - - - 5 00

Se( ond best Jack, one year and under two, ........ 3 00

Best Jack, under one year, 5 00

Second best Jack, under one year, - - 2 00

Best Jennet, three years and over, ----..-... 10 00

Second best Jennet, three years and over, - - - - - - - - - 5 00

Best Jennet, two years and under three, - -• - 5 00

Second best Jennet, two years and under three, - * 3 00

Best Jennet, one year and under two, - - . - - - - - - - 5 00

Second best Jennet, one year and under two, 2 00

Best Jennet, under one year, - - - - - - ' - - - - - 5 0U

MULES.

Best Mule, two years and over, ■ - 15 00

Best Mule, one year and under tw»,' - - 10 00

Best Mule, under one year old, - - - 8 00

Best pair Mules in Harness, - . - - - - - 15 00

RIDING.

Best display of Horsemanship by Girl, thirteen years blunder, - - - 10 00

Second best by Girl, thirteen years or under, *•- -I 5 00

Best by Boy, thirteen or under, - - - - - - 10 00

Second best by Boy, thirteen or under, - - - -. 5 00

FIFTH DAY:

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Best Threshing Machine and Power, 10 00

Best Reaping Machine, 10 00

Best Mowing Machine, 10 00

Best Reaper and Mower combined, 10 00

Best Corn Crusher, 5 00

Best Wheat Fan, 5 00

Best Cuttiug Box, 3 00

Best Roller or Clod Masher, 2 00

Best Hay Rake, 3 00

Best two horse Sod Plow, - - - - - - - 5 00

Best two horse Stubble Plow, 5 00

Best Shovel Plow, - 3 00

Be9t Harrow, 5 00

Best-Cultivator, 3 00

Best Wheat Drill, 2 00

Best Corn Planter, 1 00

Best Portable Cider Press, 3 00

Best'Apparatus for cooking food for stock, 5 00

Best Pump, 2 00

Best Bee Hive, 3 00

Best Farm Gate, 1 00

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONS.

Best yield Corn per Acre, 10 00

Best yiHd Wheat per Acre, 10 00

Best yield Oats per Acre, - - - - 5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 467

Best yield Timothy per Acre, - - - 5 00

Best yield Clover per Acre, 5 00

Best yield Barlev per Acre, 5 00

Best yield Irish Potatoes, 10 00

Best one half acre Sweet Potatoes, 5 00

Best bushel Wheat, 3 00

Best bushel Barlev, 2 00

Best bushel Oats," 2 00

Bestbus..el Rve, ' 2 00

Best bushel Yellow Corn, 2 00

Best, bushel White Corn, - - 2 00

Best ten pounds Leaf Tobacco, 3 00

CARRIAGES ANB WAGONS.

Best four-seated Carriage, ----- 15 00

Best Top Buggy, 10 00

Best Open Buggy, - - 8 00

Best two horse Spring Wagon, ----------- 10 00

Best one-horse Spring Wagon, - - - - 5 00

Best two horse Farm Wagon, ----- 5 00

RIDING.

Best display Horsemanship by Lady, 30 00

Second best display Hor»emanship by Lady, 20 00

REGULATIONS OF THE SOCIETY.

1. The Exhibition will commence on each day at 10 o'clock, by which time all entries must
be made with the Secretary.

2. Any person whatever may compete for premiums, in any or all the rings, free of charge

3. All stock must be exhibited by. the owner or his agent, and manufactured articles by the
manufacturer or his authorized agent.

4. All Agricultural Productions, Fruit, Vegetables, &c, by the producer.

5. No premium shall be awarded where but one article or but one animal is exhibited, un-
less the Judges shall decide that such article or animal is highly worthy of a premium.

6. AH Premiums from five dollars upwards, will be paid in plate— all under that sum in coin
or plate, at the option of the claimant.

7. Persons desiring stables for stock 6o be exhibited will be required to pay fifty cents per
day. No charge made for hog or sheep pens. Feed of all kind3 will be furnished at the mar-
ket price.

8. Persons renting booths must in all cases and under all circumstances refrain from selling
intoxicating drinks, under the penalty of having their booths closed and themselves ejected
from the grounds.

9. That clause in the charter subjecting persons who come into the Fair Grounds clandes-
tinely to a fine of not less than $10 nor more than $25, will be rigidly executed.

10. Tickets of admission can be had at the Ticket Office, near the gate, also at the office in
Florence.

11. Sales at auction, for the benefit of those who may desire to dispose of stock, or other
articles, in that way, may be made daily in the amphitheatre during recess for dinner.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE NORTH KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL SOCI-
ETY, FOR 1857.

WOOLEN MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, Walker Wilson, premium.
Coarse Jeans, Amanda Crisler, premium.
White Linsey, James Avlor, premium.
Colored Linsey, Mrs. E. Hudson, premium.
Striped Linsey, James Aylor, premium.
White Flannel, William Clore, premium.
Plaid Flannel, J. M. Williams, premium.
Coverlet, Mis3 M. J. Coleman, premium.
Wool Carpet, Mrs. H. Henderson, premium.

468 REPORT OF THE

Rag Carpet, Mrs. J. Stephens, premium.
Hearth Rug, Mrs. B. W. Sherrell, premium.
Pair Blankets, Walker Wilson, premium.
Pair Hose, Mrs. A. Wait, premium.
Pair Half Hose, Mrs. E. Gaines, premium.
Pair Gloves, Walker Wilson, premium.
Pair Mitts, Walker Wilson, premium.
Pair Shawls, Walker Wilson, premium,

COTTON GOODS.

Twilled Cotton, Mrs. George Brown, premium.
Plain Cotton, Mrs. George Brown, premium.
Pair Hose, Mrs. A. Wait, premium.
Pair Half Hose, Mrs. A. Wait, premium.

LINEN GOODS.

Flax Linen, Mrs. George Brown, premium.
Tow Linen, Walker Wilson, premium.
Diaper Linen, Walker Wilson, premium.
Browu Thread, Walker Wilson, premium.
Black Thread, Mrs. George Brown, premium.

SEWING AND EMBROIDERY.

Suit Clothes by Lady, Mrs. Walker Wilson, premium.
Linen Shirt by Lady, Miss M. A. Yeager, premium.
Linen Shirt by Girl ten years, Mary E. McDaniel, premium
Silk Embroidery, Mrs. John F. Taylor, premium.
Worsted Embroidery, Adelaide Potter, premium.

QUILTS, 4C.

Silk Quilt, Mrs. William Timberlake, premium.
Worsted Quilt, Mrs. John Dills, premium.
Calico Quilt, Miss E. Hume, premium.
Worsted Comfort, Miss Eliza Hudson, premium.
Calico Comfort, Miss M. J. Hudson, premium.
White Counterpane, Miss Kate Kirtley, premium.

FANCY WORK.

Shell Work, Mrs. A. M. Alexander, premium.
Leather Work, Melissa Montague, premium.
Wax Work, Mrs. Dr. Blackman, premium.
Fly Brush, Mrs. D. Westcott, premium.

HARNESS, BOOTS AND SHOES.

Double Carriage Harness, J. H. Perkins, premium.
Single Carriage Harness, J. H. Perkins, premium.
Double Wagon Harness, J. H. Perkins, premium.
Saddle and Bridle for Gent, J. H. Perkins, premium.
Saddle and Bridle for Lady, J. H. Perkins, premium.
Cloth Gaiters, by Lady, Mrs. Mary Clarkson, premium.
Buskins, by Lady, Mrs. Mary Clarkson, premium.

WOODEN WARE.

Set Split Chairs, A. McEwan, premium.

Half dozen Axe Helves, L. McGlasson, premium.

DISPLAY SILVER WARE-

G. W. McDannold, premium.

FRUITS.

Pears, Joseph Cleveland, premium.
Plums, P. S. Bush, premium^
Quinces, R. M. Carlisle, premium.
Grapes, Dr. Clarkson, premium.
Pall Apples, R. McDannold, premium.
Winter Apples, R. McDannold, premium.
Peaches, B. F. Hills, premium.
Display Fruits, P. S. Bush, premium.
Cider, Mrs. Wesley Hoggins, premium.
Brandy Peache9, Mrs. M. A. Brown, premium.

FLOWERS.

Boquet Hardy Flowers, Fanny Vaughan, premium.
Boquet Green House flowers, Fanny Vaughan, premium-.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 469

PANTRY AND DAIRY.

Cooked Ham, B. S. Johnson, premium.
Corn Meal, Jauies Tanner, premium.
Maple Sugar, Lewis Aylor, premium.
Maple Molasses, C. T. Allen, premium.
Molasses from Chinese Sugar Cane, V. Dickerson, premium.
Display Preserves, Miss M. J. Norman, premium.
Display Jellies, Mrs. Dr. Chamblin, premium.
Display Pickles, Mrs. F. B. Rust, premium.
Loaf Corn Bread, Mrs. Ben. Norman, premium.
Loaf Wheat Bread, Miss M. A. Yeager, premium.
Pound Cake, Mary A. Clarkson, premium.
Fruit Cake, Mrs. J. H. Foster, premium.
Sponge Cake, Mrs. John Wallace, premium.
Confections, Howell & Farrell, premium.
Lard, Mrs. F. B. Rust, premium.
Cheese, Mrs. A. Stith, premium.
Butter, Mrs. Sidney Dollins, premium.
Apple Butter, W. H. Carpenter, premium.
Can Peaches two years old, Mrs. Dr. Chamblin, premium-
Can Tomatoes, Mrs. F. B. Rust, premium.
Hopey, George Brown, premium.

VEGETABLES.

Cabbage, W. H. Carpenter, premium.

Onions, L. C. Yager, premium.

Parsnips, Joseph Hock, premium.

Tomatoes, E. K. Fish, premium.

Beets, J J. Swetnam, premium.

Sweet Potatoes, half bushel, Thos. Foster, premium,

Irish Potatoes, half bushel, Wm. Grubbs, premium.

Turnips, half bushel, R. McDannold, premium.

Celery, Jos. Hock, preminm.

Radishes, L. C. Yager, premium.

Pumpkins, L. Oakley, premium.

Watermelons, Mrs. H. Aylor, premium.

Squashes, Wm. Brown, premium.

Muskmelons, Lewis Aylor, premium.

Beans, Albert Price, premium.

Display Vegetables, Walker Wilson, premium.

POULTRY.

Pair Turkeys, Squire Bittiler, premium.
Pair Ducks, M. F Goodridge, premium.
Pair Chickens, R. H. Pace, premium.
Display Poultry, R. H. Pace, premium.

CATTLE.

Bull, three years and over, A. K. Gaines, of Boone, first premium; Wm. Snyder, of Boone,
Becond premium.

Bull, two years and under three, Charles T. Garrard, of Bourbon, first premium; Morgan
Kin, of Boone, second premium.

Bull, one year and under two, J. A. Stephens, of Kenton, first premium; John Barton, of
Boone, second premium.

Bull, under one year old, G. W. Ranson, of Boone, first premium; George T. Gaines, of
Boone, second premium.

Cow, three years and over, A. K. Gaines, of Boone, first premium; G. W. Ranson, of Boone,
second premium.

Cow, two years and under three, John Barton, of Boone, first premium; B. F. Bedinger, of
Boone, second premium.

Cow, one and under two years, G. W. Ranson, of Boone, first premium; J. S. Matson, of
Boone, second premium.

Cow, under one year, Wm. Snyder, of Boone, first premium; R. M. Carlisle, of Kenton, se
cond premium.

Milch Cow, B. Sudduth, of Boone, first premium; J. C. Hughes, of Boone, second premium.

Yoke Oxen, three years and over, Owen Gaines, of Boone, first premium; J. C. Hughes, of
Boone, second premium.

Yoke Oxen, two years and under three, Edward Taylor, of Boone, first premium; A. K.
Gaines, of Boone, second premium.

FAT CATTLE.

Bullock, four years old and over, C. T. Garrard, of Bourbon, premium.

470 REPORT OF THE

Bullock, three and under four years, C. T. Garrard, of Bourbon, 'premium.

Bullock, two and under three years, J. C. Hughes, premium.

Bullock, one and under two years, Edward Taylor, premium.

Cow, three years and over, Heury Aylor, Boone, premium.

Cow, two and under three years, J. M. Rice, of Boone, premium.

Calf, under six months, A. G. Clarkson, of Boone, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Bulls, C. T. Garrard, premium.
Cows, B. F. Bedinger, premium.
Fat Cattle, B. F. Hibler, premium.

SHEEP.

Aged Buck, for wool, J. J. Swetnam, Kenton, first premium; Volney Dickerson, Boone, se-
cond premium.

Aged Buck, for mutton, Elmore Scott, Kenton, first premium; Thos. Rouse, Boone, second
premium.

Aged Ewe, for wool, Elmore Scott, Kenton, first premium; Fielding Dickey, Boone, second
premium.

Aged Ewe, for mutton, Robert Scott, Harrison, first premium; Fielding Dickey, Boone, se-
cond premium.

Pair Lambs, J. W. Hart, first premium; Fielding Dickey, second premium.

Four Fat Sheep, J. C. Hughes, first premium; Fielding Dickey, second premium.

HOGS.

Boar, one year and over, Reuben Conner, first premium; Jos. Jenkins, second premium.
Boar, six months old, Jos. Jenkins, first premium; 0. S. Conrad, second, premium.
Sow, one year and over, Jos. Carpenter, first premium; 0. S. Conrad, second premium.
Sow, six months old, Jos. Jenkins, first^premium, 0. S. Conrad, second premium.
Pair of Pigs, under two mouths, William Brown, first premium; L. L. Youell, second pre-
mium.

Litter of Pigs, L. L. Youell, first premium; Owen Gaines, second premium.
Five Fat Hogs, Joseph Jenkins, first premium.

SADDLE HORSES.

Stallion, four years and over, J. T. Nichols, Harrison, first premium; Jerry Glenn, Boone,
second premium.

Stallion, three and under four years, W. S. Herndon, Kenton, first premium; T. 0. B. North-
cut, Kenton, second premium.

Stallion, two and under three years, Jos. Falkner, Fayette, first premium; S. C. Frazier, Har-
rison, second premium.

Stallion, one and under two years, George Carlisle, Kenton, first premium; W. P. Balsby,
Boone, second premium.

Stallion, under one year, A. K- Gaine3, first premium; John Morehead, Kenton, second
premium.

SADDLE MARES.

Four years and over, Hope Redman, Harrison, first premium; Felix Burns, Covington, se-
cond premium.

Three years old and under four, T. J. Cleaveland, Kenton, first premium; Ransom Smith,
second premium.

Two years old and under three, Jos. Lail, Harrison, first premium; S. C. Frazer, Harrison,
second premium.

Under one year old, Wm S. Conley, first premium; Jas. Rice, second premium .

SADDLE GELDINGS.

Four years and over, Lewis Sanders, ot Carroll, premium.
Three and under four, R. H. Perry, of Kenton, premium.
Two and under three, J. W. Lail, of Harrison, premium.

DRAFT HORSES-

Stallions four years and over, Hoggins & Bradford, of Boone, first premium; W. S. Dudley,
second premium.

Three and under four, Hope Redman, of Harrison, first premium; S. C. Frazier, of Harri-
son, second premium.

Two and under three, John P. Vest, of Boone, first premium; N. B. Stephens, of Kenton,
second premium.

One and under two, Hope Redman, second premium.

Under one year, G. J. Gaines, of Boone, first premium; Wm. Jarrell, of Kenton, second
premium.

MARES.

Four years and over, Wm. W. Graves, of Kenton, first and second premiums.
Three and under four, John Riley, first premium; Andrew Glacken, second premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 47 1

Two and under three, George Riley, first premium; J. T. Eubank, second premium.

One and under two, Armsted Willis, second premium.

Under one year, John Barton, first premium; Bleuford Rice, second premium.

DRAFT GELDINGS.

Four years and over, Hosea Stillman, Cincinnati, premium.
Three and under four, G. J. Gaines, premium.
Two and under three, R. M. Carlisle, premium.
One and under two, O. S. Conrad, premium.

BROOD MARES.

T. A. Wilson, of Kenton, premium.

HARNESS HORSES.

Stallions four years and over, J. T. Nichols, Harrison, first premium; F. B. Rust, of Boone,
second premium.

Three and under four, F. B. Rnst, Boone, first premium; Wm. Garrett, Woodford, second
premium.

Two and under three, J. D. Carlisle, Kenton, first premium.

One and under two, N. Carpenter, Boone, first premium; J. J. Dulaney, Boone, second pre-
mium.

Under one year, J. O. Campbell, Boone, first premium; J. W. Duncan, Boone, second pre-
mium.

Mares four years and over, George Shoenberger, Cincinnati, first premium; Geo. A. Scott,
Kenton, second premium.

Three and under four, Thos. J. Shaw, first premium; Bryant Senour, second premium.

Two and under three, Volney Scruggs, Harrison, first premium; Burns Arnold, second pre-
mium.

One and under two, J. K. Williams, first premium; J. H. Walton, second premium.

Under one year, S. P. Brady, first premium; Wyatt Webster, second premium.

HARNESS GELDINGS.

Four years and over, George Creain, premium.
Three and under four, Frank Robinson, premium.
Two and under three, J. W. Cromwell, premium.

MATCHED HORSES.

Four years and over, George Creain, premium.
Three and under four, Joab Scales, premium.

MATCHED MARES.

Four years and over, John Overmire, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Stallions, J. T. Nichols, premium.
Mares, George Shoanberger, premium.
Geldings, John W. Cromwell, premium.

JACK STOCK.

Jacks three years and over, W. D. Matson, first premium; M. W. Graves, second premium.

One and under two, Harvey Hicks, first premium.

Under one year, S. C. Frazier, first premium; W. Watts, second premium.

Jennets three years and over, John Burgess, first premium; A. Stansifer, second premium.

Two and under three, James Musselman, first premium.

One and under two, James Musselman, first premium.

Under one year, John Burgess, first premium.

Mule two years and over, Phillips & Jordan, premium.

One and under two, A. K. Gaines, premium.

Under one year, Geo. Youell, premium.

Pair Mules in Harness, Phillips & Jordan, premium.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Thresher, Foulds & Prague, premium.

Combined Reaper and Mower, W. P. Tucker, premium.

Corn Crusher, W. P. Tucker, premium.

Hay Rake, W. P Tucker, premium.

Wheat Fan, Melendy, premium.

Cutting Box, N. Clore, premium.

Roller or Clod Masher, Frank Tupman, premium.

Two-horse Sod Plow, Garrett & Cottman, premium.

Two horse Stubble Plow, Garrett & Cottman, premium.

Shovel Plow, Garrett & Cottman, premium.

Cultivator, Garrett & Cottman, premium.

472 REPORT OF THE

Cider Press, F. D. White, premium.

Apparatus for cooking food for stock, Hedges, Free & Co., premium.

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.

Bushel Wheat, S. W. Hudson, premium.

Bushel Barley, Wilson Harper, premium.

Bushel Oats, James Shaw, premium.

Bushel Rye, J. J. Swetnam, premium.

Bushel White Corn, T. J. Cleveland, premium.

Bushel Yellow Corn, J. J. Carpenter, premium.

Leaf Tobacco, Lewis Aylor, premium.

Acre Wheat, James C. Lemon, Scott, fifty one bushels and eight pounds, premium.

Acre Barley, R. H. Perry, Kenton, forty eight bushels, premium.

Irish Potatoes, M. P. Balsley, Boone, two hundred and sixty-seven bushels, premium.

CARRIAGES AND WAGONS.

Four seat Carriage, I. Bruce & Co., premium.

Top Buggy, S. Glassford, premium.

Open Bug*gy, S. K. Hays, premium.

Two horse Spring Wagon, D. C. Shotts, premium.

One horse Spring Wagon, Phillips & Cregar, premium.

Two-horse Farm Wagon, Phillips & Cregar, premium.

RIDING MATCH.

Miss Helen Murphy and J. R. Warnock, premiums.

Girl thirteen years, Bettie Graves, first premium; Phoebe Kendall, second premium.
Boy thirteen years, Wm. S. Clarkson, first premium; Elihu Hogan, second premium.
Lady, Fannie Carter, first premium; second premium divided between Miss Eliza Riddell
and Miss Fannie Montague.

NORTH KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION OF
MASON, LEWIS, AND FLEMING COUNTIES.

O" Only the name's of the Officers and the Premium List of this Association, for 1857,
have been furnished the Corresponding Secretary of the Kentucky State Society. This
he regrets, as it would have been very desirable to have had a list of the Premiums awarded.

Officers of the Association, for 1857. — George L. Forman, President; H. J. Darnall,
Mark Wallingford, and John S. Wells, Vice President-; Richard C. Durrett, Joseph Forman,
Sen., Charles E. Dimmitt, John B. Poyntz, Geo. W. Wells, Geo. S. Fleming, E. E. Pearce,
John T. Wood, T. J. Walker, Directors; Sam. W. Owens, Recording Secretary; Thomas A
Curran, Corresponding Secretary; Robert A. Cochran, Treasurer, Robert Humphreys, Mar
sbal.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE NORTH KENTUCKY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANI-
CAL ASSOCIATION OF MASON, LEWIS, AND FLEMING COUNTIES.

CLASS A.— MECHANICAL.

agricultural implements.

Stump Extractor, - $25 00

Reaping Machine, 20 00

Threshing Machine, 15 00

Plow for sod, - .... 5 00

Shovel Plow, 3 00

Plow for all purposes, ............ 5 00

Double Shovel Plow, 2 00

Cultivator, 3 00

Grain Drill, - - I 7 00

Corn Planter, 1 00

Hemp Break, 3 00

Cutting Box, 5 00

Fanning Mill, 3 00

Hay Rake, 3 00

Bee Hive, 3 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 473

Hemp Hook, 1 00

Corn and Cob Crusher, 4 00

Judges— Gen. T. M. Forman, Francis Pogue, William Downing, Alex. Calhoun, and Joseph
Dudley.

CARRIAGES, WAGONS, &C.

Two horse Carriage, 10 00

One horse Buggy, 7 00

Four or Mx-horse Wagon, 10 00

Two horse Wagon, 5 00

Ox Cart, 3 00

Dray, 3 00

Judges— F. I. BoliDger, Mason; Col. Robert Means, Lewis, and Henry F. Cromwell, Cyn-
tbiana.

CABINET WARE.

Sofa, .... 3 00

Bureau, 3 00

Ottoman, - . - 3 00

Common Table, 3 00

Centre Table, 3 00

Bedstead, 3 00

Judges — John Cochran, Flemingsburg; Daniel L. Dobyns, Mason, and Andrew Mitchell,
Mays vi lie

COOPERAGE.

Tierce, - - 2 00

Pork Barrel, 2 00

Flour Barrel, 1 00

Lard Keg, 1 00

Exhibition of Pine or Cedar Ware, 2 00

Judges — A. Doniphan, Germantown; Wm. H. Parker, Dover, and Hanson Newell, Mays-
ville.

SADDLERY AND HARNESS.

Gentleman's Saddle, 5 00

Ladv's Saddle, 5 00

Set of Double Harness, 5 00

Set of Single Harness, 3 00

Draught Collar, 1 00

Judges — L. C. Coulter, Mayslick; J. P. Fant, Poplar Plains, and T. K. Ricketts, Maysville.

BOOTS AND SHOES.

Pair Gent's fine Boots, 3 00

Pair Gent's Kip Boots, 2 00

Pair Ladies' Gaiters, 2 00

Pair Ladies' Slippers, 1 00

Pair Gent's Embroidered Slippers, - 2 00

Judges — Jacob Longnecker, Mayslick; John Menicks, Poplar Plains, and S. S. Miner, Mays-
ville.

gentlemen's clothing.

Cloth Cloak, 5 00

Overcoat, 5 00

Frock or Dress Coat, - - 5 00

Pair Pants, 2 00

Vest. 2 00

Shirt, 1 00

These articles to be judged by the workmanship, and not by the material.

Judges — Amos Cutter and William Menderson, Maysville, and Leroy Kennard, Mt. Car-
mel.

leather.

Side of Sole Leather, 2 00

Side of Harness Leather, - 2 00

Side of Bridle Leather, 2 00

Side of Skirting Leather, 2 00

Side of Upper Leather, 2 00

Half dozen Calf Skins, 2 00

Half dozen Sheep Skins, 2 00

Judges — Hugh Mcllvain, Mayslick; George Doniphan, Augusta, and David Cooper, Poplar
Plains.

474 KEPORT OF THE

CLASS B.

PRODUCTS OF THE SOIL.

Best 100 pounds water rotted Hemp, 5 00

Best 10 i pounds dew rotted Hemp, - 3 00

Best sample of Wheat, 2 00

Best sample of Rye. 2 00

Best sample of Barley, - --.'••* ' 2 00

Best sample of oats, - 1 00

The above samples are not to be less than one bushel.

Best half dozen Cabbages, 1 00

Best sample of corn in the Ear, 100

Best sample of Timothy Seed, 1 00

Best bushel of Sweet Potatoes, 1 00

Best bushel of Irish Potatoes, 100

Best peck Tomatoes, - 1 00

Best half bushel Onions, different, varieties, 1 00

Best half dozen Watermelons, - - 2 00

Judges — Robert Bedford, Lewis; James B. Claybrooke, Mason; and John T. Walker, Flem-
ing.

FRUITS.

Best selection of Winter Apples, - - • - 2 00

Best selection of Summer and Fall Apples, - 2 00

Best selection of Pears, - 2 00

Best selection of Peaches, 2 00

Best Selection of Cherries, - 100

Best selection of plums, -- ---100

Best selection of Gooseberries, - 1 00

Best selection of Grapes, - 2 00

Judges — Charles A. Marshall, Mason; Simon Doyal, Lewis; and Dr. Lowery, Elizaville.

WINES.

Best four bottles Native Wine, 3 00

Best four bottles Domestic Wine, 3 00

Judges — Dr. J. T. Bradford, Augusta; Sellman Key, Washington; Charles L. Faber, Lewis;
Capt. Thos. M. Donovan, Maysville; and William P. Lindsay, Mason.

FLOWERS.

Best collection of Flowers of different varieties, 2 00

Best. Boquet of Cut Flowers, ... 2 00

Judges — Mrs. Henry Waller, Mason; Mrs. W. C. Marshall, Augusta; Mrs. Benj. Harbe-

Boii, Flemingsburg; Mrs. Charles M. Dodson, Maysville; and Miss Mary P. Durtett, Wash-
ington.

TOBACCO.

Best hogshead of Tobacco for Cigar Wrappers, - - - - - - - 10 00

Best hogshead of Tobacco for all purposes - ------ 10 00

Judges — W. W, Baldwin, Maysville; A. J. Whipps, Germantown; and Daniel Fizer, Flem-
ingsburg.

Persons wishing to compete for the prizes for Tobacco, will notify the Secretary. H. J.

Hickman and C. G. Cady, of Maysville, have been appointed Inspectors, and will sample
the hogsheads submitted for the prize. Samples to be exhibited in Maysville, on the 2nd
Monday in April, 1858, at which time the prize will be awarded.

CLASS C — HOUSEHOLD-

DAIRY PRODUCTS.

Best four pounds Butter, - 2 00

Best Cheese, 2 00

Judges, — Mrs. A. M. Tureman, Maysville; Mrs. John Pickett, Fleming; Mrs. John Curtis,
Mason; and Mrs. Susan M. Blanchard, Mason.

PRESERVES AND PRESERVING.

Best display of Preserves, four jars or more, ------- 3 00

Plan, in writing, for preserving fresh Fruit upon the hermetical sealing principle;

specimen to accompany plans, - - 5 00

Judges — Mrs. Augustine C. Owens, Lewis; Mrs. Lucretia Fox, Dover; Mrs. Baldwin C.
Foxworthy, Fleming; and Mrs. James Dudley, Flemingsburg.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Best specimen of Jeans, - - 4 00

Best specimen of Flannel, 3 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 475

Best specimen of White Linsey, 3 CO

Best specimen of Striped Linsey, ---------- 3 00

Best specimen of Wool Carpet, 5 00

Best specimen of Rag Carpet, - 3 00

Best specimen of Flax Linen, 3 00

Best specimen of Tow Linen, 3 00

Best specimen of Table Cloth, 3 00

Best specimen of Silk Goods, 3 00

Best one dozen double and twisted Yarn, 1 00

Best pair of Wool Socks, • 1 00

Best pair of Wool Stockings, 1 00

Best pair of Silk Stockings', - - 1 00

Bost pair of Gloves or Mittens, 1 00

Best Hearth Rug, home made, 2 00

Judges — Mrs. Robert Means, Lewis; Mrs- A. Wood, Lewis; Mrs. Elisha Fitch, Fleming;
Mrs. Charles Humphreys, Mason; and Mrs. Reuben Hefflin, Mason.

BED COVERS.

Best Silk Quilt, 5 00

Best Worsted Quilt, 5 00

Best Counterpane, 5 00

Best White Cotton Quilt, 5 00

Best Patch Work Quilt, - 5 00

Best pair of Blankets, 5 00

WORK MADE BY MISSES UNDER TWELVE YEARS.

Best Patch Work Quilt, 3 00

Best Ornamental Bed Spread, - - - - 3 00

Judges — Mrs. John Lee, Mason; Mrs. William Hull, Lewis; Mrs. E. P. Lee, Mason; Mrs.
George W. Wells, Mason; and Mrs. Dr. Cartmell, Washington.

NEEDLE WORK.

Best Embroidery on Lace, 2 00

Best Embroidery on Muslin, - - - - 2 00

Best Embroidery with Worsted, 5 00

Best Silk or Velvest Bonnet, 3 00

Best Lady's Cloak, 3 00

Best Worsted worked Piano Cover, 3 00

Best Worsted Table Cover, 2 00

Best Ottoman, 2 00

Best Chair Cover, 2 00

Best Group of Flowers, ....... .... 2 00

Best Linen worked Lady's Cape or Handkerchief, 2 00

Best Linen worked Lady's Collar, 2 00

Best Embroidery with Silk, 3 00

Best Crochet Work, 1 00

Best Pellis Work, 2 00

Judges — Mrs. Charles E. Dimmitt, Mason; Mrs. J. A. Rowland, Lewis; Mrs. T. L. Hamer,
Germantown; Mrs. Samuel Forman, Minerva; Mrs. Dr. Logan, Poplar Plains, and Mrs. S.
W. Owens, Maysville.

WAX AND SHELL WORK, AC.

Best specimen of Shell Work, 2 00

Best specimen of Wax Work, 2 00

Best specimen of Artificial Flowers, 2 00

ARTISTICAL.

Best Painting in Oil, 3 00

Best Painting in Water Colors, - - 3 00

Best Drawing in Pencil, 2 00

Best specimen of Daguerrean Art, ......... 3 00

Judges— Mrs. Thomas A. Curran, Maysville; Mrs. Dr. Paddock, Maysville; Mrs. W. S.
Rand, Mason; Miss Anna Belle Tureman, Maysville; Miss A. Clarke, Mayslick; Miss Nancy
S. Wallingford, Lewis

MISCELLANEOUS.

Best three Hams of Bacon, one of which must be boiled — accompanied by written

statement of the curing process, --.-.-...-5 00

Best specimen of Cucumber and other Pickles, accompanied by written statement of the in-
gredients, quantities, &c, used in preparing them, 2 00

Best specimen five pounds Lard, .......... 1 00

Best barrel S. F. White Wheat Flour, 3 00

476 REPORT OF THE

Judges — Col. L. B. Goggin, Washington; C. W. Owens, Washington; and A. H. Pollitt,
Lewis.

Best American finished Watch, 5 00

Best Case of Silver Ware, 5 00

Judges — Athelston Owens, J. S. Gilpin, and C. W. Owens.

POULTRY.

Best pair of Brahma Chickens, 2 00

Best pair of Dorkings, - - - - - - - 2 00

Best pair of Native Common, 2 00

Best pair of Turkies, 2 00

Best pair of Ducks, 2 00

Best pair of Geese, - - - - - 2 00

Judges — Arthur Dobyns, Dover; Anthony Gillgore, Mason; Thornton F. Marshall, Au-
gusta; Jacob O. Phister, and George Cox, Maysville.

FEMALE EQUESTRIANS.

Best Female Equestrian, .- 20 00

Second best Female Equestrian, 10 00

Judges — Henry Johnson, Mayslick; Dr. John Fleming, Flemingsburg; Dr. John A. Kirk
patiic, Cvnthiana; William A. Doniphan, Augusta; G. W. Hamilton, Brooksville; A. K.
Marshall, Mason; and John Lashbrook, Washington.

CLASS D—CATTLE.

FOR BEEF OR MILK.

Bull, three years old or more, 15 00

Second best Bull, three years old or more, 5 00

Bull, two years old and under three, 6 00

Second best Bull, two years old and under three, - ... . . . 3 00

Bull, one year old and under two, 6 00

Second best Bull, one year old and under two, "- - - - - - - 3 00

Bull, under one year old, - • 6 00

Second best Bull, under one year old, 3 00

Cow, three years old or more, - 15 00

Second best Cow, three yerrs old or more, - 5 00

Cow, two years old and under three, - - - 6 00

Second best Cow, two years old and under three, 3 00

Cow, one year old and under two, ---------- 6 00

Second best Cow, one year old and under two, 3 00

Sucking Heifer Calf; 6 00

Second best Sucking Heifer Calf, - 3 00

Judges — Daniel S. Bradley, Mason; R, T. Lindsay, Bourbon; John P. Savage, Lewis; Dr.
A. H. Wall, Mason; and John W. McClintock, Bourbon.

Alternates — Henry Smoot, Mason; Jesse Jefferson, Mason, Abram McGowan, Fleming;
David Leminon, Harrison, and Riley Rout, Bracken.

FAT CATTLE.

Fat Bullock, three years old or more, - - - - - - - - 15 (JO

Second best Fat Bullock, three years old or more; ------- 5 00

Fat Bullock, two years old and under three, - - - - - - - - 6 00

Second best Fat Bullock, two years old and under three, 3 00

Fat Cow three years or more old, - - - - - 10 00

Second best fat Cow three years or more old, -------- 5 00

Fat Cow two years old and under three, 6 00

Second best fat Cow two years and under three, ------- 3 00

Judges — Richard Ueddleson, Fleming, Richard Kirk, Mason, John McDaniel, Mason, and
John W. McClintock, Bourbon.

Alternates— Wm. Chanslor, Mason, Thos. Gurney, Ma3on, O. A. Kendall, Fleming, Dan'l.
Caldwell, and David Hunter, Mason.

AYKESHIRE, ALDERNEYS, JERSEYS AND DEVONS.

Ayrshire, Alderney or Jersey Bull of any age, - - 15 00

Second best Ayrshire, Alderney or Jersey Bull of any age, - - - - - 5 00

Ayrshire, Alderney or Jersey Cow of any age, - - - - - - - 15 00

Second best Ayrshire, Alderney or Jersey Cow of any age, 5 00

Devon Bull of any age, - 15 00

Second best Devon Bull of any age, 5 00

Devon Cow of any age, 15 00

Second best Devon Cow of any age, 5 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 477

Judges — Charles Marshall, Fleming; R. A. Alexander, Woodford; Charles T. Garrard, Bour-
bon; and Henry Jefferson, Mason.

Alternates — YVyatt Weeden, Masou; Robert Armstrong, Fleming; Charles Humphreys,
Mason; James Artu3, Mason; and Jacob W. Rand, Maysville.

WORKING CATTLE.

Yoke of Oxen, 6 00

Second best Yoke of Oxen, 3 00

Judges — Col. S. Dimmitt, Mason; Wm. Mitchell, Mayslick; Dr. E. Logan, Fleming; Bene-
dict Kirk, Mason; and Jeremiah DeBell, Lewis.

Alternates — John Barker, Mason; R. Todd Blanchard, Mason; Allen Lander, Fleming;
William Durrett, and Eldred Groves, Mason.

CATTLE FOR MILK — OPEN FOR ALL BREEDS.

Milk Cow, 6 00

Second best Milk Cow, - 3 00

Judges — J. DeBell, Fleming; Simon P. Carpenter, Lewis; Dr. T. ML Moore, Aberdeen,

Ohio; Raul King, Harrison; and G. F. Hickman, Mason.

Alternates — James Curtis, Mason; Robert Coleman, Bracken; Dr. Robt. Cooper, Mason;

Gen. Crupper, Bracken; and Azariah Dale, Lewis.

SWEEPSTAKES FOR CATTLE.

Bull of any age or Breed, ------ 10 00

Cow of any age or Breed, 10 00

Judges — Abram Renick, Clarke; Benj. Warfield, Fayette; George Bedford, Bourbon; Nel-
son Prewitt, Montgomery; and Dr. A. Watts, Chiliicothe, Ohio.

Alternates — Henry Smoot, Mason; Wm. Gill, Mason; John Williams, Harrison; Theodore
Hart, Fleming; and Charles A. Marshall, Mason.

CLASS E.— SHEEP.

SHEEP FOR FINE WOOL.

Buck one year old or over, 5 00

Sucking Buck, 3 00

Ewe one year old or over, - - 5 00

Sucking Ewe, 3 00

SHEEP FOR MIDDLE GRADES OF WOOL

Buck one year old or over, ---------- 5 00

Sucking Buck, 3 00

Ewe one year old or over, ........... 5 00

Sucking Ewe, 3 00

SHEEP FOR COARSE WOOL.

Buck one year old or over, ------ 5 00

Sucking Buck, 3 00

Ewe one year old or over, ----------- 5 00

Sucking Ewe, 3 00

Judges — William Forman, Sardis; Cleon Owens, Mason; Hon. Adam Beatty, Mason; Al-
len Lander, Fleming; and Alpheus Ruggles, Lewis.

Alternates — B tzil Owens, Mason; Benj. Young, Fleming; Seth Parker, Lewis; R. Todd
Blanchard, and Charles Smoot, Mason.

CLASS F— SWINE.

Boar one year old or more, ------ 5 00

Sucking Boar, 3 00

Sow one vear old or more, - --------- 5 00

Sucking Sow, 3 00

Pen ot three or more Fat Hogs, ----- 5 00

Judges — Waller Small, Mason; James Helm, Aberdeen, Ohio; Saml. Pollitt, Lewis.

Alternates— Walter Chandler, Ma3on; John T. Walker, Lewis; and Charles B. Coons,

Maysville.

CLASS G. — FINE HORSES.

Stallion, three years old and over, ... - 15 00

Second best Stallion, three years old and over, • - - - • 5 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, - 6 00

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three, 3 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, 6 00

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two, 3 00

Sucking Stallion, - - 6 00

Second best Sucking Stallion, - - 3 00

4 i b REPORT OF THE

Mare, three years old and over, 15 00

Secoud best Mare, three years old and over, -------- 5 00

Mare, two years old and under three, 6 00

Second best Mare, two years old and under three, --.-.-- 3 00

Mare, one year old and under two, - - 6 00

Second best Ma;e, one year old and under two, 3 00

Sucking Mare Colt, - - 6 00

Second best Sucking Mare Colt, 3 00

Judges — C. C. Rogers, Bourbon; David Diltz, Harrison; Horace Benton, Bourbon; Tbos.
Johnson, Montgomery; Wm. L. Sudduth, Bath.

Alternates — Dr. A. H. Pollock, Bracken; Alex. Rader, Mason; Lawson Howe, Fleming;
Robt. Chanslor, Mason-, Paul Best, Mason.

HARNESS HORSES AND MARES.

Pair of Matched Horses or Mares in harness, - - 10 00

Second best pair Matched Horses in harness, 5 00

Horse or Mare in single harness, ------- - 10 00

Secoud best Horse or Mate in single harness, - - - - - - - 5 00

Stallion tor double or single harness, to be shown in harness, - - - 10 00

Second best Stallion for double or single harness, to be shown in harness, - - ft 00
Judges — Wm. Rogers, Bourbon; Hickison Belt, Fleming; Jeremiah Ruggle3, Lewis; Thos.
Daulton, Maysville; Jas B. Nichols, Harrison.

Alternates — Benj. Preston, Mason; Joel Laytham, Mason; Wm. Graham, Fleming; Dr. J.
T. Bradford, Bracken.

SWEEPSTAKE.

Stallion, of any age, - - - 10 00

Mare, of any age, - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Judges — Henry Nichols, Harrison; W. W. Baldwin, Mason; Joseph Downing, Lexington;
Paul Longtnore, Covington; C. C. Rogers, Bourbon.

Alternates — Dr. A. Pollock, Bracken; J. C. Humphreys, Mason; T. L. Bacon, Mason, Fred.
Weedon, Mason; Jas. McCrell, Mayslick.

CLASS H.— MULES.

Horse Mule two years old and over, ......... 10 00

Second best Horse Mule two years old and over, - - - - • - - 5 00

Horse Mule one year old and under two, 6 00

Second best Horse Mule one year old and under two, 3 00

Mare Mule two years old and over, - - 10 00

Second best Mare Mule two years old and over, ....... 5 00

Mare Mule one year old and under two, --------- 6 00

Second best Mare Mule one year old and under two, .... - - 3 00

Sucking Mare Mule, 6 00

Second-best Sucking Mare Mule, 3 00

Pair of Matched Mules in Harness, 10 00

Judges — Danl. Hibler, Bourbon; Robert Coleman, Bracken; W. L. Sudduth, Enoch Smith,
Montgomery; Parker Craig, Lexington.

Alternates — Thos. Botts, Flemingsburg; Win. H. Hull, Tollsburg; James W. Ware, Mays-
lick; John S Mitchell, Mayslick; and Corbin Gallagher, Washington.

CLASS J.— HORSES FOR ALL WORK.

Stallion three years old or over, ..-..---.- 15 00

Second best Stallion three years old or over, -------- 5 (10

Stallion two years old and under three, 6 00

Second best Stallion two years old and under three, - - - • - - 3 00

Stallion one year old and under two, --------- 6 00

Second best Stallion one year old and under two, ------- 3 00

Sucking Stallion, - .- - - - - - 6 00

Second best Sucking Stallion, 3 00

Mare three years old or over, ----------- 15 00

Second best Mare three years old or over, 5 00

Mare two years old and under three, - • - 6 00

Second best Mare two years old and under three, ------- 3 00

Mare one year old and under two, - 6 00

Second best Mare one year old and under two, -------- 3 00

Sucking Mare Colt, 6 00

Second best Sucking Mare Colt, 3 00

Judges — Thos. Parry, Washington; Harvey Caldwell, Mayslick; James Gault, Washington;
Lewis Tolle, Lewis; John Kennard, Mason.

Alternates — L. Chamberlin, Maysville; Judson J. Wood, Washington; Dennis Belt, Flem-
ing; Benj. Givens, Fleming; and A. K. Bullock, Orangeburg.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 479

SWEEPSTAKES FOR HORSES OF ALL WORK.

Stallion of any age, 10 (10

Mare of any age, - - - 10 00

Judges— Augustus C Owens, Lewis; Gen. Thomas M. Forman, Mason; O. M. Weedon,
Mason: WyattTWeedon, Mason; and Capt VV. T. Walker, Fleming.

Alternates — Joseph Cushman, Mason; Charles Givens, Bracken; Peter Lashbrooke, Mason;
Thomas Calvert, Mason; and J. De Bell, Fleming.

CLASS K.

SADDLE HORSES AND MARE3 TO BE SHOWN UNDER THE SADDLE.

Gelding for the Saddle, ■ 10 00

Second best Gelding for the Saddle, 5 00

Mare for the Saddle, 10 00

Second best Mare for the Saddle, 5 00

Stallion for the Saddle, 15 00

Second best Stallion for the Saddle, 5 00

Judges — James Miller, Harrison; George Crane, Cincinnati; Wesley Forman, Bourbon; W.
W. Goddard, Covington; and S. Holbrook, Lewis.

Alternates — Thomas Jackson, Maysville; John C. Humphreys, Mason; Thurman Pollock,
Bracken; A. K. Marshall, Mason; and Lawrence Howe, Fleming.

EQUESTRIANS.

By boys under thirteen years in uniform a3 follows: — Black cap, blue or green jacket, and
white pants.

Male Equestrian, - - ' - - 7 00

Second best Male Equestrian, 5 00

Judges— Lewis Groves, Mason; A.J. West, Cynthiana; Andrew Wood, Jr., Washington;
James Davis, Lewisburg; Milton Evans, Lewis; Joseph Hampton, Orangeburg; Col. L. J.
Bradford, Augusta; John Holladay, Blue Licks, and Thos. A. Matthews, Maysville.

CLASS L.— JACKS AND JENNETS.

Jack, three years old or more, 15 00

Second best Jack, three years or more, -------- 5 00

Jack, two years and under three, 6 00

Second best Jack, two years and under three, -------- 3 00

Jack, one year and under two, ----------- 6 00

Second best Jack, one year and under two, 3 00

Jack, under one year old, - - - - - - - 6 00

Second best Jack, under one year old, ....... - 3 00

Jennet, three years old or over, ........ - 15 00

Second best Jennet, three years or over, - - 5 00

Jennet, two years old and under three, --------- 6 00

Second best Jennet, two years old and under three, ------- 3 00

Jennet, one year old and under two, - 6 00

Second best Jennet, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - 3 00

Jennet, under one year old, ----------- 6 00

Second best Jennet, under one year old, --------- 3 00

Judges— -Baldwin Foxworthy, Fleming; Horace Benton, Bourbon; David Hathaway, Mont
gomery; Travis Daniel, Owingsville; Dr. J. Fleming, Fleming.

Alternates — Milton Dougherty, Mason; Dr. J. C. Wilson, Fleming; John S. Mitchell, Mays-
lick; Mansfield Calvert, Lewisburg; Benjamin Kirk, Minerva.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Jack of any age, ------ 10 00

Jennet of any age, ------------- 10 00

Judges — Anthony Killgore, Mason; J. De Bell, Fleming; Joseph Lighter, Fleming; Amos.
Means, Lewis; and Robt. Chanslor, Mason.

Alternates — Wm. Forman, Sardis; George R. Wells, Mason; Elijah Laytham, Mayslick;
George Wood, Washington; and Harlow Yancey, Mason.

ORDER OF EXHIBITION.

All articles designed for exhibition on the first day, must be properly labelled, showing the
class in which they are to be exhibited, &c , and placed in their appropriate places within the
Amphitheatre, by 9 o'clock on the morning of that day, to remain in charge of the Superin-
tendents until the close of that day's exhibition. The awards will be made, and the premiums
announced and delivered at the close of the day.

First Day — Manufactured articles of every kind, fruits, flowers, and poultry, and all pro-
ducts of the soil. Last in order, female equestrians.

480 REPORT OF THE

Second Day — Cattle of all grade9, sheep, and hogs.

Third Day — Fine horses of all ages, geldings and mares in harness, and mules.

Fourth Day — Horses for all work, saddle horses and mares. First thing in order after din-
ner, boy's riding match; and the last thing in order for the day, jacks and jennets

The awards of the Judges will be announced as soon as the decision is made, and premium
animals designated by suitable badges

REGULATIONS OF THE SOCIETY.

No member in arrears can compete for a prize.

Those who are not members may make Exhibitions by paying five dollars at the time of
entry.

Any person may become a member of the Society at any time before the Fair, by applica-
tion to Robert A. Cochran, Treasurer, and paying three dollars.

All entries must be made by nine o'clock, on the day of Exhibition. If the entry be an ani-
mal under one year old, the precise day of its birth must be given.

All Stock, and every article presented for Exhibition shall be under the control of the Mar-
shal .

No animal shall contend for but one premium, except in sweepstakes.

Exhibitors of Stock shall elect at the time of entry, in which class they will show, and shall
not show in any other class except as above named — ownership of stock withheld from Judges
— and no owner of stock will be admitted into the ring, when contending for a prize — provided
that the owner of saddle or harness horses may have the privilege of riding or driving the
same, when on Exhibition.

No premiums will be awarded to any article or animal unless the Judges shall deem such
worthy of it.

Judges of Stock are requested to report themselves at the business office on the grounds, by
half past eight o'clock of the day on which they are to act in that capacity. Judges of articles
are requested to report themselves during the first day of the Fair.

Premiums of $5 and over will be paid in silver plate — less than that amount in cash, unless
otherwise provided for in the list.

In the Mechanical and Household department, no person but the Manufacturer will be al-
lowed to exhibit; but the Wood workman or Iron workman of Carriages, Carts, &c, may enter
jointly or individually; but one Premium will be awarded, and that for the article complete.

The Exhibition will open at ten o'clock each day. The Secretary and Treasurer will be
upon the ground at an early hour.

Admission to the grounds free to members and their families, (including females and ser-
vants, and all males under twenty one years.) All other persons wiil be charged 25 cents with
privilege of entering with Carriage, Hack, Buggy, or on Horseback, free from charge on vehi-
cle or animal.

No Omnibus, Carriage, Hack or Buggy running for hire, can enter the grounds, but shall
discharge aud receive passengers at the footman's gate.

The Stalls upon the grounds are free for the Stock to be exhibited, on the day such stock is
to be exhibited.

The gate of the amphitheatre will be closed in ten minutes after the call of the Marshal for
each class of stock.

The intermission at noon of each day's exhibition, will be devoted to auction sales of Stock
within the amphitheatre, and a competent auctioneer will be employed for that purpose, who
will attend to selling stock at reasonable charges.

Exhibitors will place in the hands of the groom, a card containing the age of all animals
under three years of age.

Discretionary Premiums may be awarded by the Board of Directors, on the recommendation
of the Judges.

Sheep and Hogs will be exhibited in the pens.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 481

OHIO COUNTY AGRICULTURAL, MECHANICAL AND DOMESTIC SOCIETY.

Hartford, Ky., February 8lli, 1858.
Robert W. Scott,

Cor. Secretary Kentucky State Agricultural Society:

Demi Sir ; Yours of the first instant is before mo, and I will endeavor to give you the in-
formation concerning the Ohio County Agricultural Society, you request.

Origin, &c. — No serious idea of such a Society had ever been entertained by the citizens
of Ohio county, until after the Daviess County Fair in the fall of 1856; but some of our most
cntet prising and energetic farmers having attended that Fair, and returned with (he evidences
of their suceess, in the shape of Varge.nl, moulded into beautiful cups, came to the sa^e con-
clusion of the illustrious bam Patch, that "some things may be done as well as others," and nn
Ohio County Fair was talked of and discussed for a considerable time, and the question duly
discussed, whether the thing could or could not be done? At length II. D. Taylor, E-q., a gen-
tleman who generally acts upon the principle of an officer in the war of 1812, who, when asked
by his General if he could not dislodge the enemy from a commanding position which they
held, replied, " I can try, sir," thinking the readiest way to settle the question, was to try
what could he done, accordingly drew up a preliminary subscription for stock — copies of which
were put, into the hands of the most energetic and thorough going friends of the measure. The-
subscribers at fiist were not numerous, and gre. t fears of success were entertained by the more
timid A meeting, however, was called and the resolution formed to go ahead! A constitu-
tion and by laws were adopted, (a copy of which is herewith enclosed,) and the necessary pre-
liminary steps taken to procure ground and erect the buildings. All this was during the win-
ter of 1856-7. As soon as the spring opened, an eligible site, within half a mile of Hartford,
was procured, and a gentleman of known integrity was given cartebhmclie to go ahead,
buy materials, employ hands to help him, and do the work and make out his charges, and
draw upon the Boaid of Directors for the money to pay for material and labor, and make out
his charge lor his own services when the job was completed. The policy of the measure,
though condemned by some at the lime, was vindicated on the completion of the job, in the
most satisfactory manner, and for about one-half of the price paid for like work, where the
precautions of sealed proposals and stipulated prices hid been resorted to before hand.

The FairGrounds consistof.a lot containing nine acres, nearly in a square, well enclosed with
a high and substantial plank fence, on the most elevated part of which the Ring and Amphithea-
tre are erected. 1 he Ring is 210 feet in diameter, well enclosed with a good plank fence, with
n most beautiful octagon shaped Judges' Stand in the center. The Amphitheatre extends about
one third of the way around the Ring, consisting of five tier of seals ami a Clerk's or secreta-
ry's Office, wiih a room overhead for the accommodation of the officers of the Fair. Two good
wells have been dug within the grounds, which affjrds an abundance of good pure water for
both man and beast. The whole work is completed in such a tasteful and satisfactory man-
ner, that it nut only elicited the admiration o*' visitors, but was, at the last Fair, made the
Subject of a vote of thanks to the faithful contractor, Mr. Wm. Graves.

Tub: First Fair, and its Effects on the Community. Our first Fair was held late in
Octobet l.ist, we all being, in a measure, ignorant of such matters, libored under many disad-
vantages and committed some blunders. Oar premium list, in some respects, was not well
arranged; but all was pretty well for new beginners. We did not expect any big things at (ho
first start; but to our great surprise, crowds of competitors attended the Fair, and it will be
seen, from the l.st of premiums awarded, that the thing was not done in a corner, but that Da-
viess, Hancock, Breckinridge, Grayson, Hardin, Larue, Jefferson, Oldham, Shelby, Warren,
Butler, Muhlenburg, McLean, &c, had their representatives there, and we also. had a sprinkle
of our brother lloosiers. A veteran from Warren, who had some splendid stock on the
ground, declared, that in no rings that he had ever before attended, had he met with such
competition. The whole thing went off so well that we had more applications for life mem-
bership than we cared to receive. The receipts were sufficient to pay all premiums and ex-
penses of all kinds, and have a suffijient residium, together with the instalments becoming

'61

482 REPORT OF THE

due from life-members during the present year, to enable us to complete the Amphitheatre, at
least two thirds of the way around the ring, erect stalls around three fourths of the enclosure,
and build a cottage upon the grounds.

These results cannot fail of having a good effect upon citizens, notwithstanding such strong
competition from other parts of the State. Our citizens won a fair portion of the premiums.
Those who were successful will be sure to try it again, and those who lost, in most instances,
will improve their stock or purchase better for another time. A laudable spirit of emulation
is excited, and the good resulting is not so much the improvement in the articles exhibited,
as the increased information disseminated and acquired by the community, as to the best
modes of bringing about such improvements. The articles on exhibition are the fruits pro-
duced for the season. The knowledge acquired is the tree that may produce this fruit for
ages.

Pesides all this, those Fairs are gala days, which, when properly conducted, have the most
happy effects upon all the social relations of society. Citizen meets citizen, and interchanges
the courtesies and civilities of life. Topics relating to all our interests are introduced and
discussed, and ideas interchanged and disseminated which would otherwise have ever laid dor-
mant; our intellects are aroused from their ordinary dull routine, and not only relaxed but
amused and strengthened, and all done in a way subject to none of the objections urged
against the ball room, the gambling saloon, or racefield.

The Officers of the Society are — H D. Taylor, President; W. J. Berry and W. J. Eidson,
Vice Presidents; C. J. Lawton, Secretary; J. B. Stevens, Treasurer; W.C. Chapman, C. W.
Hunter. Wm. H. Miller, John Midkiff, W. D. Coleman, H. W. Harris, and J. B. Bennett.

Directors.

Very respectfully, &c.

C. J. LAWTON, Secretary.

CONSTITUTION AND BYLAWS OF THE OHIO COUNTY AGRICULTURAL,
MECHANICAL, AND DOMESTIC SOCIEIY.

CONSTITUTION.

Article I — Name. This Society shall be called the Ohio County Agricultural, Mechanical,
and Domestic Society.

Article II. — Objects. Its object shall be to encourage and improve agricultural, mechani-
cal, and domestic industry, by awarding premiums to the productions of ail those branches of
lahor and to such objects as may have a tendency to encourage the same.

Article III. — Membership. This Society shall consist of those persons who shall subscribe
and pay five dollars per annum, who shall be Annual Members; and of those who shall sub-
scribe and pay ten dollars the first year, and five dollars annually for three years, who shall be
Life Members.

Article IV. — Privileges of Members. Each annual member, upon the payment of all dues,
shall be entitled to free admission to the fair grounds, and to make entries for premiums to an
amount not exceeding thrae dollars. Each life member, upon the like payment of dues, shall
be entitled to free admission of himself and family, except white males over 21 years old, and
the privilege of making like entries not exceeding eight dollars in amount at each fair; but all
entries so made shall be the real and bona fide property of such members or their families en-
titled to free admission to the fair grounds by this Constitution.

Article V. — Meetings of the Society. This Society shall hold its Annual Meeting in Hart-
ford, on the first Saturday in June in each year, at which time it shall elect a President, two
Vice Presidents, Secretary, Treasurer, and seven Directors; the President may also call a
meeting of said Society at any time, in pursuance of an order of theBoard of Directors or the
petition in writing of ten or more members.

Article VI. — Powers of Meetings. At the Annual Meeting of the Society it shall have
full power of the entire affairs of the Society; at the called meetings its action shall be con-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 483

fined to the objects for which the meeting was called, which objects shall be stated by the Presi-
dent in his call.

Article VII. — Duties of Officers. The Officers elected at the Annual Meeting shall hold
their offices one year and until their successors are duly elected. The President shall preside
at all Meetings of the Society and Board of Directors. Either one of the Vice Presidents
shall discharge the duties of President in his absence. The Secretary shall attend the meet-
ings of the Society and Board of Directors, and keep a record of their proceedings; take
charge of the books and papers of the Society and Board of Directors, and perform all other
duties that may be required of him by said Society or Board. The Treasurer shall keep the
accounts of the Society, receive and disburse its moneys and premiums, and otherwise conform
to all the rules and regulations that may be prescribed for him by the rules, regulations or by-
laws of the Society. The Board of Directors shall cause an expose of the affairs of the Socie-
ty, showing its debts and credits and other matters relating to its iuterests, to be made out and
exhibited to each annual meeting of the Society.

Article VIII. — Powers of Officers. The President, Vice Presidents, Secretary, Treasurer,
and sevc-u Directors (elect) shall form a Board of Directors, any seven of whom shall form a
quorum to transact business, which Board (except during the meetings of the Society) shalj
have entire management and coutrol of the entire affairs of the Society. They shall have
power to pass any By Laws not conflicting with this Constitution; to fill any vacancies that
may occur; remove the Secretary or Treasurer at pleasure, and appoint others; appoint any
additional officers or agents for the Company; and have the entire control and management of
the fair grounds, the articles brought, or the visitors who may come upon the same.

Article IX. — Fairs One or more Fairs shall be held at the Fair Grounds in or near Hart-
ford, each year. The time of holding said Fairs, if not fixed by the Society at its annual
meeting, shall be determined by the Board of Directors, who shall, at least sixty days before
the time of holding such Fair, cause to be published in the most public manner, a list of pre-
miums to be awarded at the Fair. Provided, however, that by a vote of three fourths of the
Board they may award premiums for objects or articles not included in the published list.

Article X. — Amendments. This Constitution shall only be altered or amended by a vote of
two thirds of the members present, at a regular annual meeting of the Society.

BY-LAWS.

Section I. — Quorums and Meetings. At the annual meeting, such members aa may be in
attendance shall form a quorum; at a called meeting, at least twenty members must be present
to form a quorum to transact business. The President, or in his absence either of the Vice
Presidents, in the order of their appointment, shall preside at all meetings of the Society or
Board; in the absence of all of these, any member of the Society, at its meetings, or any
. member of the Board of Directors, at its meetings, may be called to the chair.

Section II. — Officers. All officers, either elected by the Society or appointed by the Board
of Directors, upon going out of office, shall deliver up to their successors in office, or go to
^ • the President, if there be no successor, all books, papers, and effects in their hands belonging
to the Society.

Section III — Secretary. The Secretary shall keep the books and records of the Society
and Board of Directors open to the inspection of all its members; at the request of the Presi-
dent, he shall give timely notice of the called meetings of the Society or Board, and furnish
written copies of any documents or records in his possession. He shall keep a list of the date
and amount of all warrants drawn by the President, and countersign the same. He shall keep
a roll of all the members of the Society, and opposite their names enter the payment made
by each member as the same shall be reported to h'iu by the Treasurer. He shall at any Fair
carefully enroll the name of any person contending for a premium, with a description of the
article entered therefor, under its appropiiate head, and in like manner enter the decisions of
the Judges in awarding their premiums.

484 REPORT OF THE

Section IV. — Treasurer. The Treasurer shall collect and safely keep all the moncjs due and
belonging to the Society. He shall only pay out the same by order of the Board of Directors,
On the warrant of the President, countersigned by the Secretary. He shall keep an actual and
accurate account of the receipts and disbursements of the Society, and once a year, or oftcner
if required by the Board of Directors, settle his accounts with said Board, which settlement
6'aall be laid before the Society at its next annual meeting. On or before the meeting of each
annual fair, he shall furnish the Secretary with a list of all payments made him by life mem-
bers on account of dues for their membership.

Section V. — Privileges of Members. Members in arrears shall forfeit all privileges of mem-
bers on the fair grounds during the fairs, and if in arrears for more than twelve months, the
Board of Directors may declare their membership forfeited. Upon the death of a life member,
the dividends (if any are due him at the time of his death) shall be assets in the hands of his
personal representative; and the privilege of membership, if not unanimously transferred by
his heirs to a single individual, or so disposed of by the deceased in his last will, shall descend
first to his wife, or next to his oldest child or heir, but the right of membership with its inci-
, dental privileges shall only be enjoyed by a single individual at a time. Members-hip shall be
transferable by an assignment thereof, in the presence of the Secretary, on his books.

Section VI. — Members or visitors maybe expelled from the Society, or from the fairgrounds,
Or from the right to contend for premiums, for indecent, disorderly, ungentlcmanly, or dishon-
orable conduct.

Section VII. — No ardent spirits shall be drunk or sold upon the fair grounds.

Section VIII — Persons entering articles for premiums shall pay one half the amount of the
premium to be awarded.

Section IX. — No article shall be entered for a premium except by the bona fide owner there-
of or his agent, nor shall any manufactured article be entered by any other than the manufac-
turer thereof; provided, however, parents may enter the productions or property of their chil-
dren under 21 years of age.

Section X — No animal or article after having taken a premium in the Society shall be en-
tered for a premium in the same class of animals or articles.

Section XI. — Where a single article without competition is entered for a premium, none
shall be awarded it unless the Judges are of opinion that it possesses such intrinsic meiit as to
entitle it to the same; and where all the contending articles in the same ring are so decidedly
inferior that the Judges are of opinion that no premium is deserving, none shall be awarded.

Section XII. — The Judges shall be appointed by the Board of Directors at least four weeks
before the time of the fair. Their decisions shall be final. No person related to any of tho
parties contending for a premium shall act as Judge.

Section XIII — All marks or means of showing ownership shall be strictly prohibited, and
. all articles shall be entered and marked by their numbers.

Section XIV. — The age of each animal, if requested by the owner, shall be entered with its
cumber, and be handed by the groom to the Judges before the decisiou takes place.

Section XV. — No horse or unbroken animal shall be admitted or permitted to go at lar^e
upon the fair grounds, unless by consent of the Board, and the Board shall have the tight to
■prohibit any wild, vicious, and dangerous animal from entering the ring or fair grounds.

Section XVI. — Membership owned by a firm or partnership shall only entitle the members
Of the firm, and not their families, to entrance 10 the fair grouuds, and to no oilier entry of
Articles but such as are the joint property of the firm.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 485

PREMIUM LIST OF THE OHIO COUNTY AGRICULTURAL MECHANICAL AND
DOMESTIC SOCIETY, FOR 1857,

FIRST DAY.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

- $

3 00

2 50

2 00

3 00

1 00

1 HO

3 00

5 00

1 00

2 00

3 00

Jen ns. (en yards,

Neurit Jean*, ten yards, .-----

Liiircy, white, ton yards, ------

Linsey, colored, ten yards, -

Linsey, plaid', ten yards, ......

Flannel, ten yards, -------

Woolen Hose, .......

Woolen halt' Hose, --■.."---

P..ir Bed Blankets,

Coverlet, ---------

Rag Carpet, ten yards and upwards, - - - -

Woolen Carpet, ten yards and upwards,

Hearth Rug, - ......

Tow Linen, ten yard*, ------

Flax Linen, ten yards, ------

AM die above articles to be home made.

Judpes—Mvs. S. O. Peyton, Mrs. W. J. Eidson, Mrs. Wra. Field, Mrs. W. C. Chapman,
Mrs. 11. D. Taylor, Mrs. C. J. Law ton.

NEEDLE-WORK.

Finest specimen of Needle work, ---■«-.- 2 0Q

Jeans Coat, cut and mule by a lady, 5 01

Jeans Vest, cut and made by a lady, -------.-- 2 00

Jeans Pains, cut and made by a lady, ----..-.- 2 00

Cotton or Linen Shirt, made by a lady, ------- . . 2-OQ

Suit of Clothes,' nude by a lady, ]0 00

Woolen Shawl, 2 00

Silk Quilt, patch work, - - - - - - 10 00

Worsted Q lilt, pitch work. - - ... ....--]() 00

Cotton Quilt, patch work, 10 00

Silk, plain, - 5 ()0

Wor-icd plain, 5 00

Cotton plain, 5 00

Counterpane, -..-......-... 5 00

Fly Brush, 1 00

Sewing Tread, one pound, ---------- --2 00

Judges— Mrs. J. VV. Lewis, Mrs. W. G. Davis, Mrs. A. B. Baird, Mrs. A. R. Rowan, Mrs.
G. W.Taylor.

UAIRV AND GARDEN PltODUCTS, AC.

Butter, three pounds, ............. 2 00

Checve, three pounds, .---.-.....»- 2 00

Preserves, three pounds, --.--.-.---- 2 00

Pickles, jar, 2 00

Can of Peaches, 2 00

Sweet Po aloes, half bushel, 1 0<>

Cabbage, half dozed heads, * 1 00

Onions, one peck, - ........... 100

Celery, --..-......-.-.. 1 00

Apples, one bushel, ■...„. ... 1 00

Peaches, half hu-hel, - - I 00

PealS, half lui-hel, - 1 00

Grapes, hall l.u>hol, 1 00

Iiieli Potatoes, one bushel, .....] 00

ParMiipi, one bushel, 1 00

Beets-, one bushel, 1 00

Tomatoes, one peek, 1 <0

JW/ps--Mis. L. Nail. Mrs. Thomas Birnett. Mrs. J. P. Cooper, Mrs. John Barnes, Mrs.
Weaver Barnes, Mrs. J. W. Crow, W.J. Berry, VV. J. Eidson.

CLOTHING MADE BY A TAILOR.

Best Coat, - - 5 00

Best Vest and Pantaloons, each, -.'...--.-. 2 00

486 KEPORT OF THE

CABINET WORK.

Best Bedstead, 3 00

Best Bureau, 4 00

Dining Table, 2 00

Judges — Samuel Houston, J. W. Lewis, William Graves, H. W. Harris, Frank Griffin,
Ohio; E. Eskridge, Breckinridge; C. P. Hale, McLean.

LEATHER, HARNESS, <!>C.

Side Sole Leather, - 1 00

Calf Skin, 1 00

Harness Side, 1 00

Pair Gent's Fine Shoes, 1 00

Man's Saddle, - 5 00

Ladies' Saddle, 5 00

Men's Boots, 2 00

Ladies' Boots, 1 00

Coarse Shoes, .----.-..-----1 (10

Pair Ladies Fine Shoes, 1 00

Pair Double Harness, 8 00

Single Harness, 5 00

Riding Bridle, 2 00

Horse Collar, 1 00

Judges— W. H. Miller, John Barnes, Sam. A. Garrison, Frank Griffin, R. S. Moseley, W. C.
Chapman, H. H. Colier, James A. Thomas.

CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, AC.

Two horse Carriage, 10 00

Two horse Wagon, .----..--.... 5 00

One horse Plow, 3 00

Cultivator, 2 08

Wheat Fan, 3 00

Reaping Mcchine, 8 00

Corn Sheller. 2 00

One horse Buggy, .----..--.... 8 00

Two horse Plow, 3 00

Harrow, - - 3 00

Hav Rake, - . - 2 00

Washing Machine, - - - - 2 00

Threshing Machine, 8 00

Straw Gutter, ............ 2 ()q

Judges— F. L. Hall, S. C. Noel, Daviess; Wm. Field, H D Taylor, John P. Tracy, Ohio:
E Eskridge, Breckinridge; Moses T. Read, Nathaniel Porter, Butler.

PRODUCTS OF THE FIELD.

Best sample one bushel Wheat, .......... 2 00

Best sample one bushel Oats, ----------- 1 00

Bes r r five pounds Manufacturing Tobacco, --------- 5 00

Best pair Turkeys, ------------- 2 00

Best sample one bushel Corn, ----------- 2 00

Best sample five pounds Stemming Leaf Tobacco, - - - - - - - 5 00

Best, pair Chickens, 2 00

Judges — William Duke, Sen., J. B. Stevens, William Rogers, J. P. Cooper, John C Morton,
Johu A. Taylor.

HARNESS HORSES.

Stallion four years old and upwards, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Stallion three years and under four, ---------- 10 00

Stallion two years and under three, ----- .... 10 00

Stallion one year and under two, ----------7 00

Stallion Colt, 5 00

Gelding four years old and upwards, - 10 00

Geldins three years and under four, -----.-.--- 10 00

Gelding two years and under three, ---------- 7 00

Gelding one year and under two, - 5 00

Judges. — Wm. Stone, Daviess, T. C. Carson. Butler; Thomas Lendrum, McLean; Dr. Wm.
Singleton, Breckinridge; Ed. Reno, Muhlenburg; W. B. McLean, W. C. Chapman, Ohio;
Charles Wortham, Grayson; McFerran, Buwlinggreen.

SECOND DAY.

CATTLE.

Bull three years old and upwards, 10 00

Bull two years old and under three, 10 00

•

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 487

Bull one year old and under two, ---------- 8 00

Calf, 5 00

Yoke Oxen over three years, ----------- 10 00

Best totted Bullock, 5 00

Milch Cow, - 10 00

Cow two years and under three, 10 00

Cow one year and under two, ------. .... 8 00

Calf, 5 00

Yoke Oxen under three years, - - - - 10 00

Best fatted Cow. 5 00

Judges. — Joseph B. Bennett, Dr. J. E Pendleton, J. F. Collins, Ohio county; Wm. Bell, J.
F. Todd, Daviess; Mark Keykendoll, Butler.

HOGS AND SHEEP.

Boar one year old and upwards, 5 00

Boar six months old and under, 5 00

Largest Hog, 5 00

Best Buck, - 5 00

Best pair Lambs, 5 00

Largest Sheep, -------------- 5 00'

Sow one year old and upwards, -- - - - - - - - - - 5 00

Pair Pigs under six mouths, ----------- 5 00

Best fatted Hog, 5 00

Best Ewe, • - 5 00

Best fatted Sheep, 3 00

Best Sow six months and under one year, --------- 3 00

Judges — Laikin Nail, Thomas N. Berryman, H. D. Taylor, C. W. Hunter, Col. D. L.
Miller.

JACKS, JENNETS, AND MULES.

Jack three years old and upwards, 10 00

Jack two years old and under three, 10 00

Jack one year old and under two, - 8 00

Colt, 5 00

Mule two years old and upwards, 8 00

Mule oue year old and under two, - - 7 00

Jennet three years old and upwards, --------- 8 00

Jennet two years and under three, - - - - - - - - - - - 7 00

Jennet one year and under two, ----------5 00

Colt, 5 00

Mule Colt, 5 00

Pair broke Mules, 10 00

Judges — Dr. W. J. Berry, Wm. Field, Ohio county; Jacob C. Tolbert. Daviess; John B.

Helm, Butler; P. Li£rhtfoot, Breckinridge; John B. Stevens, Ohio county; Charles Gillam,
Logan.

DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion four years old and upwards, 10 00

S'allion three years and under four, ---------- 10 00

Stallion two years and under three, ---------- 8 00

Stallion one vear and under two, ----------5 00

Colt, - 5 00

Gelding over four years, ------------ 8 00

Mare four years old and upwards, ... - ..... 10 00

Mare three years old and under four, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Mare two years old and under three, ---------8 00

Mare one year old and under two, ---------- 5 00

Colt, 5 00

Gelding under four years, ------------8 00

Judges — D. S. French, John Midkiff, W. D. Coleman, Ohio county; W. C. Norris, Daviess,
J. H. Thomas, Breckinridge; W C. McNary, Muhlenburg; Zadock Bell, Logan.

THIRD DAY.

BROOD MARES.

Saddle Brood Mare, four years and upwards, - - - - - - - 10 00

Saddle Brood Mare, three years and under four, 10 00

Saddle Brood M ire, two years and under three, 10 00

Saddle Brood Mare, one year and under two, -------- 8 00

Colt, - 5 00

Harness Mare, four years old and upwards, - - - - - - - - 10 00

488 REPORT OF THE

Humps* Mare, three years old and under four, - - - - - - - -1^00

Harness M ire, two years old and under three, - • - - - - - 10 00

Harness Mare, one year old and under two, 8 00

Colt. - * .... 5 00

Judges — J. FT. Thomas. Breckinridge; Dr N. L Liuhtfoot, Hancock; Nicholas Eosley,
Daviess; Levi L. Wise, Ohio; Moses T. Read, Butler; Win. Covington, Warren.

SADDLE HOUSES.

Stallions, four years old and upwards, 10 00

Stallions, ibree years old and under four, ..... • in 110

Stations, two years old and under three, - - - - - - - 10 00

Stallions, one vear old and under two, 8 00

Colt, - S 00

Mare, four years old and upwards, - - - • • - - - - 10 HO

Mare three \ears old and under four, - - - - - - - - 111 00

Mare, two years old and under three, ....... . ]{| 00

Mare, one jcar old and under two, • 8 00

Coif, : 5 00

Judges.— Dr S. A. Jackson; II. W. Harris, Ohio; John Lightfoot, Hancock; F. L Hall,
Davins-; Geo. R. Hines, Butler; Hon. Edward Rumsey, Muhlenburg; C. N. Wotihington,
McLean.

BUGGY HORSES.

Best pair Buggv Horses, - - 10 00

Best, single Bri»gv Morse, Id 00

Best, pair Buggy Mares, JO 00

Be>t Bu««rv Marc, 10 00

Judges— Moses T Read; Nathaniel Porter, Butler; Dr. .1. R. Pendleton; W. J. Eidson; J.
W. Cow, Ohio; IT. C. Crawford, Grayson; S. S. Walking; lion. J. H. Mcllcniy, Daviess;
Jas- B. Chapman, Warren.

FIXE HORSES

Stallion, fours years old and upwards, - - 10 CO

Stallion, three yeais old and under four, - 10 10

Stallion, two years old and under three, - - 10 00

Stallion, one vearold and under two, ......... 8 00

Bucking Colt,' - - 5 00

Geldings, four years old and upwards, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Geldings, three years old and under four, 1(1 00

Gehiings, two years old and under three, - - - • - - - 10 00

Geldings, one year old and under two, - - - - - - - - 8 00

Mare, four years old and upwards, .......... 10 (JO

Mare, three years old and under four, Ill 00

Mar«', two years old and under three, - - • -'. _ - - - - 111 00

Mare, one vear old and under two, - ------ 8 00

Sucking Coif, 5 00

Judges— Dc.W. 3. Berry; H.D.Taylor; W. C. Chapman. Ohio; Samuel Pell, Hancock;
Robt. Sharp. Daviess; Henry Griffith, McLean; Datd. Wise, Muhlenbuig; Edwin '1 liom&S,
Grayson; Mark keykendoll, Sr., Butler.

There will also be award* of premiums for other articles not included in the above list
which may be adjudged worthy, &,c.

REGULATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

1. The exhibition will commence each day at 9 o'clock, by which time, to avoid delays and
confusion, all entries should be made. Entries for the first day's exhibition may be made,
with the Secretary for two days previous to the Fair. Entries for the subsequent days nil) bo
received at the office of the Secretary on the grounds.

2. The Judges are requested to report themselves to the President, at his office, on the day
on which they are to act.

3. Each annual member shall be admitted free of charge.

5. Each life member, and all members of his family (except males over twenty one years
• f age,) shrill be admitted free of charge.

5. No member shall be admitted to the Fair Grounds without his certificate of membership.

6. Members' tickets will be furnished on application to the Secretary, C. J. Law ton; and
to obtain the t'n-ket the applicant must produce to the Secretary the receipt of J. W. Crow,
the Tieasurer, for his annual dues.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIRTV. 489

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE ONTO COUNTY AGRICULTURAL, MECHANI-
CAL AND DOMESTIC SOCIETY, FOR lc57.

FIRST DAY.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Ten yarfa Jeans, Mrs. Line Brown. Ohio county , premium.

Ten yards Negro Jeans, Mrs. Jane Brown, Ohio counts', premium.

Ten yards White Linsey, Mrs. Sal lie Phipps, Ohio county, premium.

Woolen llo-'c, Mrs. C Chapman, Ohio county, premium.

Woolen Fl ill Hose, Miss Barthena Belcher, Bmier county, premium.

Pair Bed Blankets, Mrs. Lucy Field. Ohio county, premium.

Coverlet, Mrs Mary A. Berrvman, Ohio county, premium.

Rag Carpet, Mrs Finny Hardwick, Ohio county, premium.

Hearth Rug, Miss Mary May, Ohio county, premium.

NEEDLE WORK.

Finest Specimen, Mrs. Jennie Lewis, McLean county, premium.
Needle Work Embroidery, .Mrs. Jennie Lewis, McLean county, premium.
Jeans Co.it cut and in ide bv a 1 tdy. Mi's. B. B. Stillenger, Ohio county, premium.
Ve<t cut and made by a lady, Miss Fannie Taylor, Ohio county, premium.
Pants cut nnd mule by a lady, Mrs. R. W. Allen. McLean enmity, premium.
Worst". 1 Quit, Mrs. R. VV. Hathaway, Daviess county, premium.
Cotton Quilt, Mrs. Daniel S Hill. Ohio county, premium.
Counterpane, Mrs. Mary Ann Berrvman, Ohio county, premium.

DAIRY AND GARDEN PRODUCTS.

Butter, three pounds. Mrs. Joseph Miller, Ohio county, premium.
Cheese, Mrs. Lucy Fie.d, Ohio county, premium.
Cabbage, hill' dozen heads, Mrs. J. W. Crow, premium.
Onions, one peck, S. K. McLean, Ohio county, premium.
Iiish Po.atocs, H. W. Harris, Ohio couutv, premium.

CLOTHING.

Cloth Coat cut and made by a lady, Mrs. L Patterson, Ohio county, premium.

LEATHER, HARNESS, SADDLERY, ifcC.

Finest Lady's Saddle, W. G. Davis, Ohio county, premium.
Finest Single Harness, A. F. Berrvman, Ohio county, premium.

CARRIAGES, RUGGIES. AC.

Two horse Carriage. J. P. Traeey, Ohio county, premium.
Two horse Wagon. W. II Miller, Ohio county, premium.
Wheel lack, (complimentary premium.) W. II Miller, Ohio county, premium.
One hoisq Pio*v, W. II. Miller, Ohio counf.v. premium.
Wheat Fan, J. McKim & Co., N. Y., premium.
Washing Machine, W. [J. Miller, Ohio county, premium.
Threshing .Machine. W. II. Miller, agent Emory & Bros., N. Y., premium.
Straw Cutter, Miller, Wingate & Co , Louisville, Ky , premium.
Scythe & Cradle, R. P. Moseley, Ohio county, premium.

PRODUCTS OF THE FIELD.

Sample one bushel- wheat, A. Baker, Daviess county, premium.

Sample one bushel corn, Win. S. Barrett, Oiiio county, premium.

Sample five pounds Tobacco, (manufacturing leal.) Win. Duke, Jr., Ohio county, premium..

Sample live pounds Tobacco, (.-steming leal.) J. A. Towns, Ohio county, premium.

Pair Chiekeus, 11. D. MclJenry, Ohio conti'y, p emium.

HARNESS HORSES.

Stallion four years and upwards, J W. Sch.-nk, Daviess county, premium.

Stallion, three \ears old, W.J. Eidson, Ohio county, premium.

Stallion, two years old, D. 0. Helm, Butler county, premium.

Stallion, one yiir old, E. A. Maddux, Ohio county, premium.

Stallion Colt, E. A. Maddux, Ohio county, premium.

Gelding, four years old and upward, W. 1). Golem in. Ohio county, premium.

Gelding, three years old and upward, T. C. Carson, Butler county, piemipm.

Gelding, two years old aud upward, J. B. Stephens, Ohio county, premium.

SECOND DAY.

CATTLE.

Bull, four years old and upward, William Bell, Daviess county, premium.
Bull, three years old and under lour, William Bell, premium.
Bull, two yens old and under three, .1 A. Taylor, Ohio county, premium.
Bml, one \ear old and under two, J. '['. Nance, Diviess county, premium.
Bull Calf, J. W. llaydcn, Muhlcnborg couuiy, premium.

490 REPORT OF THE

Yoke Oxen, W. B. McLean, Ohio county, premium.

Milk Cow, J. W. Johnson, Daviess county, premium.

Milk Cow, one and under two years, J. B. Bennett; Ohio county, premium.

Cow Calf, J. W. Johnson, McLean county, premium.

HOGS AND SHEEP.

Boar over one year old, E. K. McLean, Muhlenburg county, premium.

Largest Hog, VV. B. McLean, Ohio county, premium.

Sow, one year old and upward, W. B. .YlcLean, Ohio county, premium.

Fatted Hog, A. G. Fields, Daviess county, premium.

Best Buck, H. D. Taylor, Ohio county, premium.

Best Ewe, H. D. Taylor, Ohio county, premium.

JACKS, JENNETS AND MULES.

Jack, three years old and upward, VV. N Wand, Muhlenburg county, premium.

Jack, two and under three years, John Woodward, Daviess county, premium.

Jack, one and under two years. John B. Stephens, Ohio county, premium.

Jennet, three years and upward, J. B. Stephens, Ohio county premium.

Jennet, two and under three years, Virgil Stephens, Ohio county, premium.

Jennet Colt. J. B. Stephens, Ohio county, premium.

Mule, three years and upward, J. C. Talbot, Daviess county, premium.

Mule, one and under two years, J. R. McKinney, Warren county, premium.

Mule Colt, J. G Ferguson, Butler county, premium.

Mule, two and under three years, W. W. Shoemaker, Daviess county, premium.

DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion, four years and upward, W. J. Eidson. Ohio county, premium.

Stallion, two and under three years, Arch. Patterson, Ohio county, premium.

Stallion, one and under two years, E. A. Maddox, Ohio county, premium.

Stallion Colt, John A. Taylor, Ohio county, premium.

Gelding over four years old, W. J. Berry, Ohio county, premium.

Gelding, three and under four years, E. R Esklidge, Breckinridge county, premium.

Mare, four years and upward, W. Warden, Ohio county, premium.

Mare, three and under four years, W. D Coleman, Ohio county, premium.

Mare, two atid under three years, W. B. McLean, Ohio county, prtmium.

Mare, one and under two years, Wm. Woods, Daviess county, premium.

Mare Colt, R. Renfro, Grayson county, premium.

THIRD DAY.

SADDLE HORSES.

Saddle Brood Mare, four years and upward, E. A Maddox, Ohio county, premium.

Saddle Brood Mare, three years and under four, Joseph Taylor, Ohio county, premium.

Saddle Brood Mare, Colt, James T. Ewell, Daviess county, premium.

Stallion, four years old and upward, VV . B. McLean. Ohio county, premium.

Stallion, three years and under four, John Collier, Jefferson county, premium.

Stallion, two years and under three, W. I'. Chapman, Ohio county, premium.

Stallion, one year and under two, Ben. Patterson, Ohio county, premium.

Stallion Colt, H. D. Taylor, Ohio county, premium.

Mare, over four years old. Dr. H. P. Taylor, Ohio county, premium

Mare, three years and under four, Jesse Moorman, Breckinridge county, premium.

Mare, two years and under three, W. J. Robertson, Breckinridge county, premium.

Mare, one year and under two, Edward P Lee, Butler county, premium.

Mare Colt, Joseph Newell, Daviess county, premium.

Gelding, four years and upward, J. S. Lightfoot, Breckinridge county, premium.

Gelding, three years and under four, Thomas H Pointer, Daviess county, premium.

Gelding, two years and under three, Dr. Broad n ax, Oldham county, premium.

Single Buggy Horse, J. S. Lightfoot, Breckinridge county, premium.

Single Buggy Mare, J. B Chapman, Warren county, premium.

Single Buggy Mare, two years and under three, T Hewett, Daviess county, premium.

Buggy Stallion, Sharp &. Dotson, Daviess county, premium.

FINE HORSES.

Stallion, over four years old, William P. Sublett, Warren county, premium.

Stallion, three years and under four, W. J. Eidson. Ohio county, premium.

Stallion, two years and under three, S. A. Jackson. Ohio county, premium.

Stallion, one year and under two, E. A Maddox, Ohio county, premium.

Stallion Colt, H. D. Taylor, Ohio county, premium

Gelding, four years old, H. D. McHeury, Ohio county, premium.

Gelding, three years and under four, Thomas H. Pointer, Daviess county, premium.

Gelding, two years and under three, J. A. Jackson, Ohio county, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 491

Mare, four years old and upward, E. A. Hathaway, Daviess county, premium.
Mare, three years and under four, H. A. Swain, Ohio county, premium.
Mare, two years and under three. W. B. McLean, Ohio county, premium.
Mare, one year and under two, J. P. Lee, Butler county, premium.
Mare Colt, E. A. Hathaway, Daviess county, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Stallion. J. D. Davis, Ohio county, premium.

Mare, W. B. McLean. Ohio county, premium.

Gelding. J S. Lightfoot. Breckinridge county, premium.

Buggy Gelding and Mare, T. Hewett, Daviess county, premium.

Best Bu»gy Drive", Capt. Murphy, Muhlenburg county, premium.

Best Rider, Dr. H. P. Taylor, Hartford, premium.

From the Owensboro' National American, of Nov. 5.
OHIO COUNTY FAIR.

We had the pleasure last week of attending the first exhibition of the Ohio County Agri-
cultural, Mechanical, and Domestic Society, at their beautiful fair grounds about a half mile
from town. The weather was cool and unpleasant, but not enough so to prevent a full attend-
ance of people at the fair each day. The amount of stock exhibited was very large, equally
as great as was exhibited at the Daviess county fair. The crowd assembled varied from two
to three Thousand, and was composed of representatives from Ohio, Daviess, McLean Muhlen-
burg. Butler, Warren, Grayson, Breckinrkige, and Hancock, all of which counties adjoin each
other, rendering Hartford the most central locality.

The fair grounds were conveniently arranged and beautifully situated. The amphitheatre
extends only one third around the circle, and was at no time sufficiently large to seat the
crowd. The ring was sufficiently large, and the judge's stand in the center is much hand-
somer than any we have noticed.

The grounds were arranged and the buildings constructed by Mr. Graves, who is one of the
best and most expeditious workmen we ever knew.

He has, moreover, one quality which we are sorry to s\y is entirely wanting in the workmen
who have been building the jobs on our fair grounds, and that is the quality of asking no more
for his work than was reasonable. The building committee had sufficient confidence in him
as to allow him to construct the work, draw on them for money to pay his hands and other ex-
penses, and afterwards leave it to himself to say what his own sprvices were worth. His
charge was by the day, and not over $2, when we are creditably informed that some workman
boasted of having made $6 a day off of the Daviess county society for his work on our fair
grounds. We think our society would make money by importing Mr. Graves from Hartford
to do the next building on our fair grounds.

He was voted a complimentary premium and a vote of thanks by the officers of the society,
for his liberality towards the society

This exhibition is the first of the Ohio county society, and we assert without fear of contra-
diction that it was the best fair, for the first exhibition, that ever came off in the Green river
country.

The officers were all perfect gentlemen, and manifested a willingness and a desire to do
everything in their power to cause the fair to pass off pleasantly. They made every personal
sacrifice for the good of the society; they were clever and accommodating to everv one, and
their hospital ity, as well as that of other citizens, was unbounded. Many of the officers were
judges of stoi'k, and their names were so published, but hearing that such was not the custom,
every one declined to act in that capacity; vet we think that they would have given much
more satisfaction than some who acted in their stead

They, however, acted right, and to the entire satisfaction of the owners of stock, as far as
we heard any expression of opinion

Several of our Daviess county exhibitors were very much disappointed at the awards of
several premiums, and withdrew their stock from the grounds; but those who remained, came
home with a full share of premiums.

Several of our ladies patronized the fair, by an exhibition of their hmdiwork. Mrs. R. M.
Hathaway took a premium on a beau iful worsted quilt. Mrs. Thixton a complimentary pre
mium on a coverlet, which was admired by all, and was of such superior quality as to cause
some to doubt whether it was made or "come out of the store." We publish to day a full list
of premiums awarded at the fair.

There was one anomaly in Hartford which is such a rarity in this section of the country
that it deserves special notice, and that was a good cheap hotel, with a clever landlord, who
would not take an advantage of his position to extort a high charge from his guests. He fed
you well, gave yon as good a bed as you could expect under the circumstances, had your horse
carefully attended to, and charged you uniformly at the rate of f 1 5h a day for man and horse;
when in this town it is uniformly at the rates of $2 25, and at Henderson, at the Taylor
House, uniformly at any rate ranging from $3 up to the 'size of your pile.''

492 REPORT OF THE

Wc have already spoken of the hospitality of the citizen^, which wis as it always his been
in Harford, pf culiarl v liberal ami bounteous VVe cannot rel'c.iin from returning our thinks
to Mr. VV. J. Eidson and his pleasant l.idy for their kinlness tow irds m on several occasions.

There were some very fine displays in the class of 'the products of the field.' Several en-
cumbers which weiahed six pound-!, some tremendous beets and sweet pot itocs, als > several
watermelons raised by IT. D. Tuylor.; who surpassed any farmer in the country in the weight,
size and quality of his watermelon*. It will be remembered that two of his watermelons were
on exhibition at our fair, on; of which weighed fifty-four pounds and the other fifty two.

Ohio county is emphatically a tobacco growing county. Scarcely a farmer but cukivites
the weed. The exhibition of tobacco was v^cy large, and it was a very difficult matter to de
terinine to whom the premium should be awarded.

'The band which had been engaged from Caunelton did not arrive, but in the absence of
anything belter a drum, clarionet, fiddle, bones, and a few oilier such instruments, supplied the
defect. VVe heard a gentleman from our county, whom we have considered of fine taste, say
that the music at Hartford was better than it was here, but on that point we respectfully differ
ed with him.

At night the young folks amused themselves bv tripping the "light fantastic toe," at thi
Masonic Hall, and these ho^s were by no means the most uninteresting feature of the week
to a lame anil select crowd.

We think. that the members of the Ohio county society have every reason to congratulate
Ihemselves upon their first exhibition, and if their society progresses as it should, and as they
have every reason to h >pe that it will, their great object will be achieved, and Ohio county
will take a high stand in the leading ranks of the Green river counties.

SPRINGFIELD UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

Springfield, Nov. 19, 1857.
R. VV. Scott, Cor. Sec K S. A Socity:

Dkar Sir: — In compliance with your published request I will try and give you such
a sketch of the Springfield Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association as I am in pos-
session of facts.

In the spring of 1855 the farmers of this county, feeling the necessity of some such associa-
tion to stimulate them to an improvement of their stock, to an increased production of the soil,
to a perfection in the mechanic arts, and to that encouragement of domestic manufacture of
all articles needed in the family, which lias so long been neglected and almost in disuse, pro-
posed that we would have a fair to come off on the second week in October of that year. A
paper was started in circulation making the price of membership $10, and for that sum giving
to the members all the ptivilegcs of the association. A sufficient amount was soon subscrib-
ed to purchase twelve acres of ground, beautifully situated in the vicinity of Springfield, at
the price of #100 per acre, and to inclose the same with a tight fence costing $Si>0, digging a
well costing $300, making ample arrangements to accommodate stock with stalls, paying offi-
cers, &c. &.c.

We were warranted by the seeming interest taken by the citizens of our county, to base our
premium list upon the income expected to be derived at the fair, which we made out in the
aggregate t0 amouil t to $725, which was fully met, and our people highly delighted and bene-
fitted.

The next Spring, all the members, stimulated by previous success, determined to erect an
amphitheatre, and to raise the amount necessary in the following manner: Each member, at
his own option, to loan the Association an amount in proportion to his capability, for the space
of five years, to bear interest at 6 per cent, and payable annually. At the expiration of five
years, if the amount was not otherwise raised, the grounds and improvements were to be sold
to discharge the debt, those furnishing the money to become the purchasers, and to carry it on
as before, with the membership lessened; $:?,5'IU was soon raised, and a contract made for an
amphitheatre, one. hundred and forty feet in diameter in the inner circle, seats, offices, music
6tand s &c. &.c. At our fair of this year, 1856, our amphitheatre was only partially completed,

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 493

for want of time. Our premiums amounted to $l, f 00, in tlie aggregate, all largely and
closely contested for; iimJ the visitors from a distance pronounec this as the Horse Fair of tha
State, both last year and this. Our income tiiis year amounted to $1,200.

In (lie spring of the present year, stimulated by previous success, the Directory determined
to push forward the completion of the improvements, and added $1,000 more to the costs,
which gave us beautiful grounds and improvements, all pud for, the Association out of deb',
save (he loan before spoken of, and everything moving on well; the premium list of this year
about, the same as last, and the income % 1 ,400.

At your suggestion, sir, the Directory appointed a speaker to deliver an address, in accord-
ance with the resolution of the State Society at her January meeting; but we were disap-
pointed, by it, being out of the power of the speaker to attend; therefore we are not able to
icpoi t an address.

It was the intention of this Association to offer all premiums of $3, in some agricultural pa-
per; but it was forgotten until the list was printed, and then thought to be impracticable to
change.

'] he names of the officers of the Society are as follows :

Edmund L. Davidson, President; Milton Rogers, Wilson Jones. J. Woodson Burton, Vice
Presidents; Jas. R. Hughes, Secretary; Hugh MeElroy, Treasurer.; Moideeai Hardin, Thos.
R. Browne, Edward Mattinglv, Jas. C. Bascom, Cleiand T. Cunningham, Daniel B Hughes,
Levi J. Smith, Jas. R. Hughes, VVm. J. Robertson, Benedict E Montgomery, Joseph Thomas
Ileiny Spalding, John H. Wakefield, Jos. Spalding and Samue 1 R Grundy, Directors.

The products of this county are, corn, wheat, rye, oats, and all the vegetables of this cli-
mate. The slock consists of horses, cattle, sheep and hogs. We have a fine class of hordes.
General attention is now turned to the improvement of our cattle, and we ship a great many
hogs each year. Fruit is growing in importance with us.

We lost your letter, in which you laid down the plan you desired these reports made out,
and I knew of no other way to meet the case. Our Association have been well pleased with
• he manner you have filled your office, and the interest you take in the enterprise.

JAMES R. HUGHES, Secretary.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE SPRINGFIELD UNION AGRICULTURAL AND ME-
CHANICAL ASSOCIATION,

FIRST DAY.

ladies' MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, strictly home made, not less than ten yards, - • - - - $ 3 Of)

Negio Jeans, strietly home marie, not less than ten yards - - • - - 3<0

White Linse.y, strictly home made, not less than ten yards, - - - - - 2 00

Plain or Colored L'usey, strictly home made, not less than ten yards, - - - 3 00

White Flannel, strictly home made, not less than ten yards, 2 00

Carpet, Woolen, strictly home made, not less than ten yards, 3 00

Pair Woolen Hose, strictly home made, - - - - 1 00

Pair Half-Hose, !>v a girl under twelve years of age, - 1 00

Pair Blankets, home-made, .---.....-. 3 00

Linen Diaper, ten yards, home made, 2 <0

Flax Linen, fourteen yards, home made, ---...-- -2 00

'Tow Linen, ten yards, home made, 1 00

Sewing '1 bread, three pounds, home made, 1 00

Ladies' Shoes, made by a lnily, - - - - - 2 00

Jurlqes—L. McKay." Jr, Baidstown; David Phillips, Lebanon; Thos. Young, Springfield;
G. B. Gartners, Springfield; John M. Smith, M.ixville.

QUI I/IS, <tc.

Silk Quilt, 5 00

C>>ttou Quilt, young men offer work box, worth, 10 00

Worsted Quilt, ....... 5 00

Best display of Flowers, .............. 1 00

Best. Haiid'Boqnet, - \ - ......... 1 00

B-st specimen Worsted Embtoiderv, ......... 3 00

Best specimen Silk Embroideiy, "-..... 3 «»0

Best specimen Necdle-Woik, MeElroy & Rinekart's Gins, work box, worth, - -10 00

494

REPORT OF THE

Judges — Mrs. E. L. Dawson, Washington; Mrs. Joshua Hopkins, Washington; Mrs. C. D.
Case. Washington; Mrs. R. C. Palmer, Washington; Miss Mary Polin, Washington; Mrs.
John C. Maxwell, Lebanon.

BOOTS, SHOES, LEATHER, AC.

Best pair Men's Boots, 2 00

Best pair Coarse Negro Shoe3, 1 00

Best Bedstead, - - - - 3 00

Best Bureau, - - 3 00

Best Side of Sole Leather, 1 00

Best Side of Upper Leather, ----------- l (10

Judges — Benjamin Spalding, Marion; John R. Jenkins, Washington; Leonard Spalding,
Marion; John Y Humphries, Bardstown; John T. Browne, Bloouifield.

TAILORING.

Gent's Coat, made and pressed by a tailor, 5 00

Gent's Coat, made and pressed by a lady, - - - - - - - - 5 00

Judges— ids. C. Lyons, Washington; John K. Starke, Washington; Archibald A. Ter-
rill, Fairfield; John Burton, Perryville.

CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, <6C.

Best Carriage, 10 00

Best Buggy, 5 00

Best Double Harness, 5 00

Best Single Harness, 3 00

Best Saddle and Bridle, 3 00

Best display of Harness for the farm, 5 (10

Judges — Danl. Kelly, Bardstown; Haydon E. Stone, Bloomfield; Robert Clarke, Maxville;
S. E. Feinan, Danville; Wm. R. Casey, Springfield.

FARMING IMPLEMENTS, SHOWN BY MANUFACTURERS.

Two-horse Plow, for sod, - - - - - -- - - - - 5 00

Two horse Plow, for stubble, - - - .... 5 ou

One horse Plow, 2 00

Roller, 2 00

Cultivator, 2 «»0

Wagon, large or small, ------ 5 00

Cutting- Box, - 2 00

Pump, 2 00

1 hreshing Machine, 10 00

Reaping Machine, 10 00

Mowing Machine, - - - - 10 00

Corn Sheller, 2 00

Wheat Kan, 3 00

Corn Crusher, 5 00

Hay Rake, 2 00

judges — Daniel Everheart, Marion; Joseph Miller, Larue; Wm. D. Huston, Nelson; Jordan
Peter, Boyle; Theodore Spalding, Washington.

PROnUCTS OF THE FIELD.

Corn, largest yield of five acres, 5 00

Best one dozen ears for bread, - - - - - - - - - - - 1 00

Best one dozen ears for stock, ----------- 1 00

Wheat, largest yield per acre, five acres, - - - 5 00

Best specimen of one bushel, ----------- 1 00

Oats, largest yield per acre, five acres, -...-.-. - 3 00

Best specimen of one bushel, .-.-•_..- 1 00

Rye, largest yield per acre, five acres, --------- 3 00

Barley, largest yield per acre, five acres, -----..-- 3 00

Clover Seed, one bushel, best and cleanest, ------- 1 00

Timothy Seed, one bushel, best and cleanest, -------- 1 00

Orchard Grass Seed, best and cleanest, - - - - - - - - 1 00

Judges— James Green, Washington; Stephen C. Browne, Washington; Joseph O. Daniel,
Marion; Eli Adams, Marion; Clement Riney, Washington.

ORCHARD PRODUCTS.

Apples, best display of good varieties, 2 00

Apples, best variety of one peck, ---------- 1 00

Peaches, best display of good varieties, - - - - 2 00

Peaches, best one dozen, • - - 1 00

Best and greatest variety of fruit, 3 00

Kentucky Wine, best six bottles, 5 00

Judges— J nines S. Hopkins, Boyle; E. B. Smith, Nelson; Edward Hugh, Danville; Foster
Bay, N. H. Noble, Marion.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETT. 495

GARDEN PRODUCTS.

Potatoes, largest yield of one quarter acre, ........ 3 00

Best kind of one bushel, 1 00

Swet-t or Yam, one peck, ------------] 00

Best three deads of Cabbage, 1 00

Best one dozen Beets, 1 00

Best display of Vegetables, 2 00

Judges — Paul I. Booker, Washington; Harvey Johnson, Marion; William Johnson, Nelson;
Uriah Gastin, Marion; Anthony McElroy, Washington.

Persons competing for a premium for the largest yield per acre, are' to have the ground
measured by a competent surveyor, and must produce their certificate as to the quantity in
cultivation.

POULTRY.

Pair of Turkeys, 1 00

Pair of Ducks", 1 00

Pair of Shanghai Chickens, 1 00

Pair of Dorking Chickens, 1 00

Pair of Cochin China, .......---.. 1 00

Pair of Bramah Pootra, .... 1 1)0

Best display of Poultry, - 3 00

Judges — Tbos. Glaybrook, Robt. C. Palmer, Washington; Patterson, Mercer; Stephen C.
Browne, Washington.

DAIRY.

Butter, three pounds, - - 1 CO

Ten pounds Honey, --------- ---1 00

Loaf of Wheai, Bread, - - - - 1 00

Loaf of Corn Bread, 1 00

Ham, cooked, -------------- 1 00

Barrel Flour, 8 00

Barrel Meal, 3 00

All premium articles under the head of Dairy, are considered as belonging to the Associa-
tion, and to be sold at auction.

Judges — Joseph Browne, Bardstown; George Phillips, Marion; Robt. Reed, Maxville; Wm.
H. Hawkins, New Market; Benjamin Duncan, Nelson.

SECOND DAY.

SHEEP.

Long Wool, best Buck of Cotswold, Leicester, Bakewell, and New Oxfordshire, - 5 00

Bakewell Ewe, 5 00

Middle Wool, Southdown, best Buck, 5 00

Middle Wool, Southdown, best Ewe, -5 10

Best pair of Lambs of any kind, - - 5 00

Judges — Harvey McElroy, Marion; Edmond Grans, Nelson; Major John G. Handy, Mer-
cer; Joseph Lee, Boyle; Wm. D. Irvin, Boyle.

CATTLE.

Bull four years old and upwards, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Bull three years old and under four, ---------- 10 00

Bull two years old and under three, - ........ 8 00

Bull one year old and under two, - - - - 8 00

Bull under one year old, ............ 8 00

Cow four years old and upwards, • - '- ------- 10 00

Cow three years old and under four, - - - - J- - 10 00

Cow two years old and under three, ---------- 8 00

Cow one year old and under two. .......... 8 00'

Cow under one year old, ------------ 8 00

Judges — J. P. Fisher, Boyle; Charles Worthington, Boyle; Thomas Grundy, Washington;
Berry Guthrie, Nelson; John G. Handy, Mercer.

Milch Cow, 5 00

Fat Bullock, Free Martin or Spayed Heifer, 10 00

Fine best fat Sheep, 5 00

Yoke of Oxen of any age, 5 00

Judges — Peter Brown, Washington; Isaac D. Stone, Nelson; Green Duncan, Nelson; Alfred
Young, Marion; Nelson Lee, Boyle.

SPECIAL PREMIUMS OFFERED BY JAS. C. BASCOM,

Best Horse Colt, of Bucephalus' gel, 10 00

Best Mare Colt, of Bucephalus' get, - - 30 00

496

REPORT OF THE

Judges — Milton Rogers, Washington; Joseph Spalding, Washington, Thos. Browne, Wash-
ington; Edmund L. Davidson, Washington; John Ewing, Washington; Henry Spaulding,
Washington.

HOGS.

Boar one year old and upwards, ..-......-500

Boar six months and under one year old, - ------ --3 00

Sow one ^ear old and upwards, - - -------- 5 00

Sow six months and under one year old, ----- .... 3 00

Pair Pigs under six monlhs old, ...--.-. -5 00

Litter of Pigs, not less than six, 5 00

Three hes-t lai.ted Harrows or Sows, - - - - - - - - - - 5 00

iudges — David K. Best, Washington; Abram Canary, Washington; Uriah Gart'tn, Marion;
Wade ti. Moore, Washington; Elias Brown, Washington.

THIRD DAY.

florse Mule two years old and upwards, .--..- - - 10 00

Horse Mule one year and under two, - - -..'-. - -..'•- - - 10 00

Horse Mule under one year old, - - - - • - - -.'.,'- ■ 8 00

Mare Mule two years and upwards, - • - - - - • ■' - 10 00

Mare Mule one year and under two, -■------. 10 00

Mare Mule underoiie year old, ----------- 8 00

Pair Mules in harness,* - 10 00

JltfZyes— William Duke, Boyle; David W. Phillips, Marion; Henry C. Mattingly, Marion;
Joseph McDowell, Boyle; Wm. Minor, Nelson.

FINE RUNG — BLOODED STALLIONS.

Four years old and upwards, - - - - - - • - • • - 10 00

Three years old and under four, .... , . 10 00

Two years old and under three, - - - • - . .. - - - - 8 00

One year old and under two, - - - - ■ - - - - - • - 8, 00

Under one year old, .-----------. 8 00

FINE RING — BLOODED MARES.

Four years old and upwards, - - ] 00

Three years old and under four, - - • - ■ • - - - 10 00

Two years old and under three, - - - - • - - • - - 8 00

One year old and under two, - •-•--•---- 8 00

Under one year old, ...... .....£00

iudges — Felix G. Murphy, Nelson; John R Jones, Nelson; Paul I Booker, Washington;
Win. O. McMeekin, Shelby; Henry Farris, Lincoln.

STALLIONS FOR ALL WORK.

Four years old and upwards, --.-.-....

Three years old and under four, - - - - - •

Two years "Id an 1 under three, .......

One year old and under two, - - • - -

Unler one year old, ...........

BROOD MARES FOR ALL WORK.

Four years old and upward, ..........

Three years old and under four, .........

Two years old and under three, - .......

One year old and under two, ..........

Under one year old, ---- --.....

Judges — Logan Railey, Woodford; Newell MeClasky, Nelson; David Hcathe, Boyle;
George F. Lee, Boyle; William L. Kirk, Marion

HARNE-S HORSES.

Harness Srallion in Harness, - - - - - - • - • 10 00

Ridin;; Stallion under Saddle, 10 00

Judges— Joseph O Daniel Marion; Daniel Everheart, Marion; Mat. Doom Bullitt; Charles
Cauibtow, Washington; Henry Baker, Washington.

-
FOURTH DAY.

10 00

3 00

8 00

10 00

8 00

JACKS AND JENNETS.

Jack four years old and upwards,
Jack three years old under four,
Jack two years old and under three, -
Jack one year old and under two.

10 00

8 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 497

Jack under one year old, 8 00

Jennet four years old and upwards, ------ - - - - 10 00

Jennet three years old and under lour, - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Jennet two year old and under three, - ------- 8 00

Jennet one year old and under two, ----------8 00

Jennet under one year old, -----------8 00

Judges— Richard Paxton, Anderson; William Moberly, Mercer; Thos. Salter, Garrard; John
R. Jones, Nelson; Harvy McElroy, Lebanon.

CARRIAGE HORSES.

Pair Harness Horses in Harness, 10 00

Pair Harness Mares in Harness, ------ . ... 10 00

Saddle Horse under the Saddle, 10 00

Saddle Mare under the Saddle, 10 00

Buggy Horse in Harness, - 10 00

Buggy Mare in Harness, 10 00

Judges — John Robertson, Washington; Joseph L. Reynolds, Jefferson; James Caldwell,
Boyle; James Kirk, Marion; Dr. C. D. Case, Washington.

TROTTING RING.

Fastest Trotting Gelding or Mare, 10 0G

Special premium offered by Logan J. Bosley.
Best Stallion or Gelding of any age, that has received a certificate at the present Fair, 10 00
Best J) Mare of any age, that has taken a certificate as above, - - - - - 10 00

Judges— Samuel B. Thompson, Hardin; Wm. M. Booker, Washington; Simeon Lewis, Jef-
ferson; Isaac Johnson, Nelson.

REGULATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

1. The Fair will open each morning at 9 o'clock, at which time the Judges are requested
to report themselves to the President, at his office, on the day they are to act.

2. All entries for Exhibition must be made with the Secretary by 9 o'clock, A. M., on the
day of their Exhibition.

3. All stock or articles brought on the Fair Grounds for Exhibition, shall be subject to the
Marshal's order.

4. All Exhibitions will be made in the order they appear in the printed bills.

5. No persons will be permitted to enter the ring except the President, Secretary, Marshals,
and Judges. The Judges will retire as soon as their Awards are made known to the Secre-
tary.

6. No person will be allowed to Exhibit any article of which they are not the real owner.
Persons not members of the Association, may have the privilege of Exhibiting, on the pay-
ment of five dollars; and for showing or exhibiting one animal or article, two dollars and fifty
cents.

7. No person shall make known his ownership, or pedigree of the stock to the Judges be
fore Exhibition, without thereby forfeiting the Premium awarded.

8. No animal will be permitted to stand hitched to a vehicle on the Fair Grounds.

9. No partnership property shall be exhibited, unless all the owners are stockholders or
members, without paying the usual fees.

ID. No article or stock shall be exhibited by the owner in person, except saddle or harness
horses.

11. No Huckster will be permitted to sell or vend articles or refre^Mnents on the ground
without first obtaining license from the Secretary. ^w^

12. All officers of this Association will wear white badges; Marshals red; and Judges
blue.

13. All premiums awarded will be delivered by the Secretary on the day they are awarded.

14. The prices of admission shall be as follows: Private carriages fifty cents; each passen
ger twenty five cents; buggy twenty five cents; each passenger twenty five cents; hacks
twenty five cents each trip; horse and rider thirty-five cents; footman twenty -five cents. No
person will be allowed to enter the gates without his ticket, which can be had at McElroy's
store, L. J. Bosley 's hotel, or B. Gaither's store, or at the front gate. It is desirable that per-
sons should purchase tickets before going to the Fair Grounds. All stockholders will be re-

498

REPORT OF THE

quired to exhibit their certificates of stock before entering the gate, and enter with their fam-
ilies or call and get tickets for them.

15. Between the hours of half past 12 and half past 1 o'clock, will be appropriated to the
sale of stock, and no further time allowed.

16. Stalls will be furnished for all stock that may be brought for Exhibition, and fifty cents
per day will be charged by the Association per head. Provender can be had conveniently.

0° No List of the Premiums Awarded by the Springfield Union Agricultural and Mechan-
ical Association has been received by the Corresponding Secretary of the Kentucky State Ag-
ricultural Society.

SOUTH WESTERN AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

(NEAR THE CITY OF LOUISVILLE.)

R. W. Scott, Corresponding Secretary Ky. S.A. Society:

Dear Sir: The Grounds of this Association comprise about forty-three and a half acres.
They are somewhat more than three miles from the city of Louisville, handsomely situated
between the Louisville and Frankfort Railroad 'and the Brownsboro' Turnpike, by both of
which thoroughfares they are bounded, with entrances from each. The original cost of these
Grounds was $20,375, including a small cottage residence near their centre. They are well
supplied with water, obtained from wells, cisterns, springs and a pond. The surf ice is mostly
set in blue grass, and the view agreeably diversified by forest, fruit and shade trees, with some
shrubbery and a number of handsome evergreens.

The improvements upon the Grounds are the handsomest and most extensive in the United
States. They consist of an Amphitheatre, a Floral Hall, a Power Hall, a Hall of Recep-
tion, with Ticket Offices on either side, a Cottage for Ladies, and numerous Stables for stock
on exhibition and for the use of visiters on horseback and in private carriages. The Amphi-
theatre is two stories high and two hundred and sixty feet in diameter from out to out. The
ring for exhibiting animals, within this, has a diameter of two hundred and ten feet, with an
appropriate structure in the centre for Judges, a band of music, &c. The seats for spectators
are divided from this ring by a strong wooden wall, some six feet in height, from which they
rise gradually toward the outer extreme of the Amphitheatre, from which they are again di-
vided by a circular promenade about eight feet in width. Under this promenade and the
higher range of seats, is a continuous circle of booths, used by the stockholders of the Asso-
ciation during Fairs, as private deposites for provisions and other articles of value. On the
west side of the Amphitheatre, first floor, are room3 for the officers and Directors of the As
sociation, with corresponding rooms on the second floor for Judges in waiting and distin-
guished strangers. The whole is under roof, except the ring for the exhibition of animals.

Floral Hall is a polygon, two stories high, lighted from both sides and roof, and having a
diameter of — feet. The first story is intended for the exhibition of flowers, fruits, vegeta-
bles and samples of field crops; the second story for the exhibition of the works Jof art, arti-
cles of domestic manufacture, &c, &c. Its promenades are spacious, its tables encircle the
whole area, and altogether it is admirably calculated to subserve the purposes for which it
was designed.

The Power Hall is a parallelogram, its superficial dimensions being — feet by — feet. It
is well supplied with shafting, and has all appliances to move any amount of agricultural or
mechanical machinery that will probably ever be collected, at one time, upon the Grounds of
the Association.

The Hall of Reception has never been completed. Its broad passage connects with the
wide and long platform of the Railroad, making ingress and egress exceedingly easy. It ia
a convenient structure, and when completed, with some alteratious and improvements, will be
ornamental as well as useful.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 499

The ladies' cottage, which is in the back part of the grounds, is approached by a wide, shad-
ed avenue, and surrounded by evergreen and deciduous trees.

The stables are in number, and ample for the accommodation of the largest exhibition

ever made in this country.

The South Western Agricultural and Mechanical Association was organized in the city of
Louisville in the spring of the year 1853. The first public suggestion, as to its formation, was
made in a brief communication to the Daily Courier, written by Mr. William Short, which was
followed up by a series of articles by the Editor, at short intervals, for several weeks. During
this time three or four meetings were held in the Agricultural Warehouse of Mr. A. G. Munn,
which were attended regularly by a half dozen persons, among whom Geo. Hancock, W. E.
Anderson, William Short and W. D. Gallagher, are now remembered. Finally, one or two
public meetings were called at the Court House, which were numerously attended by persons
from both the county and the city, and on the 2nd day of July, 1853, the gentlemen named be-
low were elected officers for the ensuing year, viz:

President — Geo. Hancock.

Vice Presidents — Gibson Mallory, Lawrence Young, Robt. N. Miller.

Board of Directors — John C. Hull, L. L. Dorsey, Jr., Thomas Bohannon, Philip Speed, E.
L. Huffman, James E. Briscoe, Arthur Peter, Joseph S. Hite, P. S. Barber, R. J. Orinsby.

Other Officers — George Anderson was appointed Recording Secretary, William Short Corres-
ponding Secretary, and Thomas Y. Brent Treasurer.

So soon as the Association was fully organized, and land purchased for Fair Grounds, the
Board of Directors, under the efficient lead of Col. Hancock the President, went actively to
work at the erection of buildiugs, and in making other necessary preparations for the first Ex-
hibition, which it was determined should be held the succeeding Fall.

The Building and Improvement account, the first season footed up, - - $14,442

The second season, 2,970

The third season, 2,675

Total, $20,087

The expense of repairs and alterations the fourth season, added to the cost of
the new buildings put up tor the uses of the United States Society at its
National Show in September, 1857. are believed to make an aggregate of not

less than, $ 10,000

Add to this, original cost of land, 18,000

And cost of two additions subsequently made, • 2,375

And we have, as present cost of the visible estate of the Association the grand
total, $ 50,462

The Association has held four Annual Fairs, in the month of October each year, which have
attracted very large congregations of people from Kentucky and all neighboring States. It
also held a Spring Fair in the month of June, 1856 — for Horses exclusively— which brought
together a large amount of very superior stock. Altogether, it has distributed $13,977 in pre-
miums, and may claim to have exerted a highly beneficial influence upon the agriculture and
manufactures of this section of the Union, by stimulating improvements in live stock, in field
and garden crops, in fruits and flowers, in domestic manufactures, in dairy products, and in
agricultural implements and machinery. Its Fifth Annual Fair would have been held in the
autumn of 1857, but for the occupancy of its grounds by the United States Agricultural Society
whose National Show took place in the month of September.

The South Western Society receives annual members, but is essentially a joint stock asso-
ciation. Its original capital was derived from some six hundred subscribers, who agreed to
pay in ten dollars each per annum for the period of five years. Hereafter,its revenues will be
dependent chiefly upon gate fees, and fees paid for entries of live stock and other things placed
upon exhibition at its annual shows. These sources, however, with an economical administra-
tion of its affairs, will, it is believed, be sufficient for all its needs, and still enable it to stimu.
late, by handsome premiums, and by annually attracting to one point the people and the pro-

500 REPORT OF THE

ductiong of a large extent of country, the several branches of productive industry which it
was designed to promote.

The Association was incorporated by the State Legislature at its session of 1853-4, and the
subscribers accepted the charter thus granted at a meeting held in the Court House, in the
city of Louisville, on the 1st day of May, 1854.

After the Annual Fair in October, 1856, Col. Hancock, who had for four years served the
Association with great activity and devotion, retired from the Presidency, on account of the
urgent nature of private business.

On the 10th day of January, 1857, at the regular annual meeting of stockholders, the gen-
tlemen named below were elected officers for the current year, viz:

President — Gibson Mallory.

Vice Presidents — Robert N. Miller, Lawrence Young, Arthur Peter.

Board of Directors — Thomas Bohannon, J. B. O'Bannon, W. A. Meriwether, W. H. Fred-
ericks, John T. Bate, William Watkins, E. L. Huffman, R. J. Tarlton, W. C. Winchester,
John Thatcher.

Other Officers — W. D. Gallagher, Corresponding and Recording Secretary; Collis Ormsby,
Treasurer.

The foregoing sketch of the South Western Agricultural and Mechanical Association has
been prepared in obedience to your request, and is most respectfully submitted to your discre-
tion. Yours, trulv.

GIBSON MALLORY.

SOUTH WESTERN AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

near paducah, kentucky.

Paducah, January 17, 1858.
R. W. Scott, Esq.. Corresponding Secretary Ky. State Ag. Society:

Dear Sir: — Yours dated Frankfort, January 11, 1858, and addressed to Hon. John
Q. A. King, has just been handed me.

In response to inquiries therein made concerning the Southwestern Agricultural and Mechan-
ical Association, at Paducah, I beg to submit the following.

Said Association has holden four Fairs, as will appear by the last Fair bill — which I here-
with enclosed containing a list of premiums awarded. [The List of Premiums awarded, nor
the Premium List for 1857, has not been received by the Corresponding Secretary of the Ken-
tucky State Agricultural Society.]

Said Association has no grounds or buildings, but has heretofore holden her annual Fairs
on the lands of II. Bradshaw. At a meeting of the members of the Association, November
24th, the following officers and Board of Directors were elected for the years 1857-8. Alfred
Boyd, President; Henry Quigly, Secretary; T. A. Duke, Corresponding Secretarv; A. B.
Kinkead, Treasurer; Q. Q. Quigly, 0. W. Grimes, H. Burdwell, Sanford Condley, J. W.
Oglesvie, Wm. Grear, and R. A. Bacon, Directors.

In addition to this information I would state that there have been seven thousand dollars
subscribed for buying fair grounds and erecting suitable buildings thereon, with a prospect of
as much more. I am, sir, very respectfully,

HENRY QUIGLY.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 501

UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.
near eminence, kentucky.

Eminence, November 17, 1857.
R. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. Ky. State Agricultural Society:

Dear Sir: — In answer to yours I will just say, that the Union Agricultural and Me-
chanical Association, composed of the counties of Henry, Shelby, and Oldham, was organiz-
ed in 1851. Three Directors are annually elected from each of the counties. Competition
open to all. The Society own thirty acres of land; have booths, a reception house, and beau-
tiful amphitheatre covered with composition roof. Our average of premiums is about SI ,600,
for the last five years — paid in elegantly finished silver cups. We are only about $1,000 in
debt, one half of which is not due till next Fair.

Robert Mallory, of Oldham, has been our Presideut from the commencement, and Orville
Ford, Vice President; W. S. Helm, Secretary, and Morris Thomas, Treasurer, all for the last
five years. W. S. HELM, Secretary.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSO-
CIATION, FOR 1S57.

FIRST DAY.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES <fcC.

O* Best article in each entry takes Premium.

O* All premiums of Five Dollars and upwards, to be paid in silver cups — the receiver pay-
ing the difference.

Fine Jeans, ten yards, 5 00

Negro Jeans, ten yards, 3 00

White Linsey, ten yards, ...........3 00

Colored Linsey, ten yards, .......... - 3 00

Pin id Linsey, ten yaids, ........... 3 00

White Flannel, ten yards, 3 00

Best Wool Carpet, twenty yards, 8 00

Second best Wool Carpet, twenty yards, 4 00

Best Carpet, wool and rag filling, twenty yards, - - - - - - - 5 00

Second best Carpet, wool and rag filling, twenty yards, - - - - - 3 00

Bast Carpet, all rag filling, twenty yards, — ' - - . - - - -5 00

Pair Blankets, 5 00

Woolen Hose, 2 UO

Woolen half Hose, 2 00

Suit of clothes cut and made by a Lady, 5 00

Best made linen shirt, -------..-. -3 00

Best made cotton shirt, linen collar, bosom and wristbands, 3 00

Specimen Needle work, ...........500

Specimen Embroidery, ............500

Woolen Coverlet, ........... .5 00

Cotton Coverlet, 3 00

White Cotton Quilt, 5 00

Best Qnilt, cotton, patch work, 10 00

Second best Quilt, cotton, patch-work, ......... 5 00

Best Quilt, worsted, patchwork, 10 00

Second best Quilt, worsted, patch-work, --------- 5 00

Best Quilt, silk, patch work, 10 00

Second best Quilt, silk, patch work, ....... -.5 00

Best made Cloth Coat, 5 00

Best made Hat, 5 00

Best pair Boots, 3 00

Best pair Lady's Shoes, 3 00

ET No article manufactured by machinery shall be allowed to compete with the handiwork
of the Ladies in the above list.

Note — Domestic manufactures are the products of machinery moved by hand, except the
carding, which may be done by any machinery.

Judges — John Hall, Shelby; Thomas Rodman, Henry; Dr. Broadnax, Oldham.

Alternates — William B. Wilson, Henry; J. H. Stone, Henry; A G. Hardin, Oldham.

MANUFACTURES BY MACHINERY.

Ten yards fine Jeans, - 5 00

Ten yards negro Jeans, 3 00

502 REPORT OF THE

Pair Blankets, 5 00

Parlor Stove, 5 00

Cooking Stove, - - - - 5 00

Marbleized lion Mantle and Grate, 5 00

Box of Star Candles, 5 00

Box of Tallow Candles, - 5 00

Box of Soap, 5 00

Barrel of Flour, 3 00

Judges — William A. Perry Henry; William Armstrong, Shelby; James Spear, Oldham.

Alternates — Gideon King, Henry; S. H. Miles, Shelby; Andrew Crow, Oldham.

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.

Bushel of Apples, 3 00

Half bushel Peaches, - 3 00

Half bushel Pears, 3 t>0

Peck Grapes, 3 00

Halt peck Tomatoes, 2 00

Half bushel Carrots, 2 00

Half bushel Beets, 2 00

Half bushel Turnips, 2 00

Half bushel Parsnips, 2 00

Six head of Cabbage, 2 00

Half bushel Onions, 2 00

Half peck Salsify 2 00

Judges — George W. Riley, Shelby; F. H. Goodrich, Henry; Henry Button, Oldham.

Alternates— J. T. McCampbell, Shelby; I. B. O'Bannon, Jefferson; William Wade, Old-
ham.

BUTTER, CHEESE, HONEY AND WINE.

Five pounds Butter, - 3 00

Five pounds Cheese, - - - - - 3 00

Five pounds Honey, 3 00

Five bottles domestic Wine, 10 00

Five bottles domestic Cider, i 5 00

Judges — I. F. Collier, Shelby; W. S. Pryor, Henry; John Gazley, Oldham.

Alternates — Ben. Mason, Shelby; George C. Roberts, Owen; Dr. J. Swain, Oldham.

BACON AND BREAD.

Best cooked Ham, 5 00

Specimen of Wheat, Bread, 2 00

Specimen of Corn Bread, ....... - - - 2 00

Judges — Humphrey Marshall, Henry; Isaac Everett, Louisville; Robert Grev, Henry.

Alternates— W. B.'Trible, Shelby; Dr. Willett, Oldham; Robert S. Owen, Henry.

POULTRY.

Pair Turkevs, 2 00

Pair Moscow Ducks, 2 00

Pair Poland Ducks, 2 00

Pair Game Chickens, 2 00

Pair Shanghai Chickens, . . . . . ■ 2 00

Pair Cochin China Chickens, 2 00

Pair Brahma Pootra Chickens, 2 00

, Judges — John Moody, Shelby; Burket Bowen, Henry; Addison Ballard, Oldham.
Alternates — William Long, Shelby; John Berry, Henry; John Keenan, Oldham.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND PRODUCTS.

Harrow, two horse, 2 00

Cultivator, - 2 00

Farm Gate, 2 00

Large Roller, - - - - 2 00

Staw Cutter, 5 00

Hay Rake, 2 00

Two Horse Wagon, 8 00

Saddle and Bridle, 5 00

Blue Grass Seed Gatherer, 3 00

Corn Planter, 5 00

Clover Seed Gatherer, 5 00

Clover Seed Sower, ............3 00

Clover Seed Huller, 5 00

Spinning; Wheel, 2 50

Bread Corn, one bushel, - 2 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 503'

Stock Corn, one bushel, 2 00

Com Meal, half hushel, - - - 2 00

Hominy, half bushel, 2 00

Irish Potatoes, one bushel, - - - 2 00

Sweet, Potatoes one bushel, - 2 00

Red Wheat,, one bushel; 2 00

White Wheat, one bushel, 2 00

Rye, one bushel, 2 00

Oats, one bushel, - 2 00

Barley, one bushel, ------ 2 00

Wheat Kan; 5 00

Wheat Drill, 8 00

Hemp Break, 2 00

Sample Leaf Tobacco, ten pounds, 5 00

Hemp from break, fifty pounds, dew-rotted, - 5 00

Clover Seed, half bushel; (Kentucky raised,) 5 00

Timothy Seed, half-bushel, (Kentucky raised,) 2 00

Orchard Grass Seed, half bushel, (Kentucky raised,) 2 00

Blue Grass Seed, half bushel, (Kentucky raised,) 2 00

One horse Buggy, 8 00

Two horse Carriage, 10 00

Best written Essay on Agriculture and the management of a Farm, - - - 10 00

Judges — Robert Doak, Sr., Shelby; Wm. Barnhill. Oldham, John Strother, Henry.

Alternates— Newton Bright, Shelby; James Vincent, Oldham; A. C. Crabb, Henry.

PLOWS.

Note — Trial of Plows will take place at or near the Grounds, on the first day of the Fair.
Points of consideration by the Judges — 1st. Lightness of draft in relative size of Plows, and
depth of slice: 2nd. Manner of leaving the same.

Best Sod Plow, 8 00

Best Stubble Plow, 8 00

One horse Plow, 5 00

Judges — J. G. Thompson, Shelby; John Bruce, Henry, Pollock Barbour, Oldham.

Alternatives — John Aud, Shelby; Samuel Mcllvane, Henry; J. Hardin, Oldham.

MACHINES.

Note — Premiums will be awarded upon trial of Machines. Notice will be given in "The
Shelby News" of time and place, at which Competitors and Judges will attend.

Points of Consideration by the Judges — Threshers: 1. Lightness of draft; 2. Speed in thresh-
ing; 3. Manner of applying the power or team; 4. Relative safety to parties attending them.
Reapers and Mowers: 1. Lightness of draft; 2. Ease and facility of adjustment; 3. Speed; 4.
Quality of work done.

Best Mowing Machine, - - - 8 00

Best Threshing Machine, 8 00

Best Reaping Machine, 8 00

Judges — T. G. Dunlap, Shelby; Aaron Burnes, Henry; Presly Yeager, Oldham.

Alternates— -S. M. Miles, Shelby; R. T. Herndon, Henry; Jas. Speer, Oldham.

THOROUGH BRED HORSES. — STALLIONS.

No others admitted. Pedigrees to be examined by Committee on Pedigrees. The Judges
not to see Pedigrees.

Stallion, four years old and over, 10 00

Stallion, three years old and under four, 8 00

Stallion, two'years old and under three, 8 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, - - 8 00

Stallion, under one year old, 8 00

MARES.

Mare, four years old and over, - - - - - - - - - - 10 00

Mare, years old and under four, ........ - 8 00

Mare, two years old and under three, --------- 8 00

Mare, one year old and under two, ---------- 8 00

Mare, under one year old, -.--..----- 8 00

Judges—}. M. Todd, Shelby; A. G. Bacon, Franklin; F. Harrington, Oldham.

Alternates— C. S. Moore, Shelby; W.W. Morel and, Oldham; A. D. Martin, Henry.

Committee to examine Pedigree on Thorough Bred Horses. — Capt. Thos. Steele, Franklin; Dr.
J. Lowery, Shelby, John A. Holton, Franklin; Jos. Pryor, Henry; E. T. Berry, Henry; John
Gibson, Oldham.

504 REPORT OF THE

SECOND DAY.

BLOODED CATTLE. — BULLS.

Bull, four years old and over, - 10 00

Bull, three years old and under four, 8 00

Bull, two years old and under three, 8 00

Bull, one year old and under two, - - 8 00

Bull, under one year old, 8 00

cows.
Cow, four years old and over, 10 00

Cow, three years old and under four, - - - -- - - - - 8(0

Cow, two years old and under three, --------- 8 00

Cow, one year old and under two, 8 00

Cow, under one year old, ------- ----8 00

Judges — J. G. Taylor, Henry; W. Thomas, Shelby; C. T. Garrard, Bourbon.

Alternates— Robt." W. Scott, Franklin; 1. S. Todd/Shelby; Z. F. Smith, Henry.

LOCAL RING FOR CATTLE.

Cattle owned in Shelby, Henry and Oldham counties, compose this ring. 0° Any animal
owned in either of the above counties, and taking a premium in the Blooded Ring, excludded
from this. Otherwise it is free.

BULLS.

Bull, four years old and over, - 10 00

Bull, three years and unde>' four, 8 00

Bull, two years and under three, ----------8 00

Bull, one year and under two, ------ 8 00

Bull, under one year, 8 00

cows.

Cow, four years old and over, 10 00

Cow, three years and under four, ---------- 8 00

Cow, two years and under three, - - 8 00

Cow, one year and under two, 8 00

Cow, under one year old, - - 8 00

Judges — A. J. Viley, Scott; Jas. Young, Trimble; Wm. Kenny, Bourbon.

Alternates — B. Warfield, Jr., Fayette; Geo. Fern, Trimble, J. T. McClelland.^Fayette.

FATTED CATTLE. — STEERS.

Fatted Steer, one year old and under two, - 8 00

Fatted Steer, two years old and under three, 8 00

Fatted Steer, three years and under four, 8 00

Fatted Steer, four years and over, 8 00

Best Five Fatted Bullocks, 10 00

Best Yoke of Oxen, 8 00

COWS.

Fatted Cow, Free Martin, or Speyed Heifer, one year and under two, - - - 8 00

Fatted Cow, two years and under three.. ------.-- 8 00

Fatted Cow, three years old and under four, 8 00

Fatted Cow, four years old and over, 8 00

Milch Cow, to be milked in the ring, --------- 8 00

Judges — Ben. Bailey, Shelby; Abram Nicholas, Shelby; Lewis Ashbrook, Kenton.

Alternates — Warren Moody, Shelby; A. O'Bannon, Henry; Penton, Oldham.

OPEN RING FOR CATTLE — (WITHOUT REGARD TO AGE )

Animals that have previously taken premiums can compete in this ling.

Best Bull, 10 00

Best Cow, 10 00

Judqes — Adam Scearce, Shelbv; Austin Dupuv, Henrv; J- Callowav, Sr , Henry.
Alternates— Jos. G. Bird, Shelby; B. H. Dale, Henry; Wm. Gibson/Oldham.

HOGS.

Aged Boar, .... 10 00

Aged Sow, 10 00

Boar, over six months and under twelve, - - 8 00

Sow, over six months and under twelve, - - - 8 00

Pair of Pigs, under six months, 8 00

Sow and Sucking Pigs, 5 00

Three Fatted Hogs, 8 00

Judges — T. C Crutcher, Shelby; John H. Ladd, Henry; Albert Hardin, Oldham.

Alternates — S. Mc Williams, Shelby; Isaac Bonta, Henry; Thomas Davis, Oldham.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 500

OPEN RING FOR HOOS.

Best Boar, J 10 00

Best Sow, - 10 00

Judges— C. L. White, Shelby; F. H.Goodrich, Henry; Micajah Fible, Oldham.
Alternates — J. C. Booker, Shelby; Wm. Dodd, Henry; Ned. Taylor, Henry.

drennon's colts.
(Premiums by N. J. Smith, of Henry.)

Horse Colt, of any age, by Drennon, 20 00

Second best Horse Colt, of any age, by Drennon, 10 00

Mare Colt, of any age, by Drennon, 20 00

Second best Mare Colt, of any age, by Drennon, - - • - - - - 10 00
Judges— W m. Waddy, Shelby; Dr. Simpson, Owen; Wm. Moxley, Boone.
Alternates — Dr. Hansbrough, Shelby; H. Benton, Montgomery; F. Blakemore, Franklin.

THIRD DAY.

SHEEP. — FINE WOOL.

Buck, two years old and over, 10 00

Buck, one vear old and under two, ----- 8 00

Pair of Lambs, - - 8 00

Ewe, two years and over, 10 00

Ewe, one year and under two, 8 00

Judges — T. G Grimes, Bourbon; John P. Crabb, Henry; Dr. J. Lowery, Shelby.

Altrenates — John Hare, Jefferson; J. P. Hill, Henry; Harvy Tucker, Shelby.

LONG WOOL.

Best Buck two years and over, - 10 00

One vear and under two, -------- ----8 00

Pair Lambs, 8 00

Ewe two years and over, - - - 10 00

One year and under two, ------------ 8 00

Judges — I. W. Moody, Henry; John Barnhill, Oldham; W. Armstrong, Shelby.

Alternates — L. Corbin, Henry; John Tucker, Oldham; Henry Maddox, Shelby.

MIDDLE WOOL.

Best Buck two years and over, 10 00

One vear and under two, 8 00

Pair 'Lambs, 8 00

Ewe two years old and over, ----------- 10 00

One year old and under two, ..--.--.--- 8 00

Judges — John B. Hays, Henry; Nathan Miles, Henry; W. Wilson, Sr., Shelby.

Alternates — J. P. Watkins, Henry; W. Calloway, Sr., Oldham; J. C. Booker, Shelby.

FATTED SHEEP.

Five best fatted Sheep, - - - 10 00

Judges — J. Maglennery, Louisville; Thomas Todd, Shelby; N. C. Magruder, Shelby.
Alternates — L. Rheme, Louisville; Frank Hamer, Louisville; J. Radford, Henry.

OPEN RING FOR SHEEP.

Best Buck, 10 00

Best Ewe, - - 10 00

Judges — Z. F. Smith, Henry; Phil. Barbour, Jefferson; P. Barbour, Oldham.
Alternates — Henry S. Foree, Henry; Conway Herr, Jefferson; Michael Collier, Shelby.

ASSES AND MULES.

Best Jack, four years and over, - - ....... 10 00

Three years and under four, ------ ..... 8 00

Two years and under three, ......... --8 00

One year and under two, - - - - - - - - - - - - 8 00

Under one year, ------ ....... 8 00

Mule two years and over, 10 00

One year and under two, ------ ...... 8 00

Jennet four years and over, - ---------- ]0 00

Three years and under four, --------- --8 00

Two years and under three, ...........800

One year and under two, ------------8 00

Under one year, -------- ..---8 00

Sucking Mule, 8 00

Pair Draft Mules, 8 00

Judges— Jacob Sodowsky, Shelby ; Wm. Coleman, Trimble; M. Blakemore, Franklin.

Alternates — G. L. Harbison, Shelby; W. Chenault, Madison; Jas. Calloway, Henry.

506 REPORT OF THE

•

OPEN RING FOR ASSES.

Best Jack, 10 00

Best Jennet, 10 00

Judges — M. Parker, Fayette; Samuel Tinsley, Shelby; E. Barrow, Oldham.
Alternates — J. B. Jones, Henry; S. G. Henderson, Shelby; Win. Hyatt, Henry.

FINE HORSES.

Best St illion four years and over, 10 00

Three years and under four, -----------8 00

Two years and under three, ----------8 00

One year and under two, -------- --.-8 00

Under one year, - - - - - , - - - - - - - 8 00

Best Mare, four years and over, -' - 10 00

Three years and under four, --------- --8 00

Two years and under three, --------- --8 00

One year and under two, -- '• -----■---•-'' 8 00

Under one vear, 8 00

Judges--]. M. Calloway, Henry; John Hall, Shelby; Wm. M.Gibson, Oldham.

Alternates — John H. Moore. Clarke; Lud. Finch, Shelby; Ralph Tarlton, Oldham.

HARNESS HORSES.

Note. — All entries in this ring, two years old and over, to be driven in harness.

Best Stallion, four years and over, 10 00

Three years and under four, ........... 8 00

Two years and under three, ------- .... 8 00

One year and under two, --- 8 00

Under one year, - - - * - - - - - - - - - - 8 00

Best Mare four years and over, - - 10 00

Three years and under four, ... .......800

Two years and under three, - - - - - - - - - - 8 00

One year and under two, ------------- 8 00

Under one year, - -- - - - - - - - - - 8 00

Judges — John Robinson, Shelby; Gibson Simpson, Owen; R. Downing, Fayette.

Alternates — J. Hansbrough, Shelby; Dr. E. Wilson, Henry; W. W. Morelaud, Oldham.

FOURTH DAY.

DRAFT HORSES.

Best Stallion four years and over, - 10 00

Three years and under four, ...... ..... 8 00

Two years and under three, - ...... ... 8 00

One year and under two, ----------- -8 00

Under one year, ......... .... 8 00

Best Mare four years and over, 10 00

Three years and under four, ..-.--.....800

Two years and under three, ........... 8 00

One year and under two, ---------- .-8 00

Under one year, - - 8 00

Judges—3. A. fiornsby, Shelby; Thos Kephart, Henry; Benj. Wilhoit, Oldham.

Alternates — J. Harrington, Shelby; John G. Mitchell, Henry; T. Blakemore, Oldham.

SADDLE HORSES.

Note — All entries in this ring, two years old and over, to be exhibited under the saddle.

Best Stallion four years old and over, - 10 00

Three years and under four, - - - - - - - - - - - 8 00

Two years and under three, 8 00

One year and under two, - - - - 8 00

Under one year, - - - - -- - - - - - - 8 00

Best Mare tour years old and over, ---------- 10 00

Three yeais and under four, --------- --8 00

Two years and under three, 8 00

One year and under two, 8 00

Under one ye.ir, ...... .....--8 00

Judges— John H Moore, Clarke; T. Merriwether, Shelby; H. H. Ferguson, Woodford.

Alternates — W. Hansbrough, Shelby; Wm. Crider, Oldham; Jos. Pryor, Henry.

OPEN RING FOR HORSES.

Best Stallion, 10 00

Best Mare, ... 10 00

Judges— S H. Miles, Shelby; G. Mallory. Jefferson; E. T. Berry, Henry.

Alter natei — John Clark, Shelby; J. M. Calloway, Henry, Rev. T. V. Bruce, Henry.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 507

SADDLE GELDING AND MARE.

Best Saddle Gelding, 10 00

Best Saddle Mare, 10 00

Judges — S. McWilliams, Shelby; N. J. Smith, Henry; L. Railey, Woodford,
Alternates — A. S. Frederick, Shelby; R. P. Pepper, Woodford; J. J. Railey, Louisville

CARRIAGE AND BUGGY HORSES AND MARES.

Best pair Carriage Horses, 10 00

Pair Carriage Mares, - 10 00

Buggy Horse, 10 00

Buggy Mare, 10 00

Judges — J. W. Brannon, Louisville; A O. Brannin, Louisville; J. T. McCampbell, Shelby,
Alternates — J. W. Shockency, Louisville; Luther Ricket, Henry; J. M. Bullock, Shelby.

REGULATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

The Fair will commence on the first Tuesday in October, 1857, at the Fair Grounds near
Eminence, Henry county, Ky., immediately on the Louisville and Frankfort Railroad, and will
continue four days.

No animal or article shall compete for more than one premium at the same Fair, except in
the Open Ring and the Local Ring. Competition open to every State in the Union.

Persons paying two dollars by the 10th day of September, will be entitled to the privileges
of the Ring; but will have to pay gate fees.

Persons not members will be charged five dollnrs for their entries.

No person but the real owner, grower, &c, of stock, and articles manufactured, grown, &c,
shall exhibit anything for competition, and all manufactured articles must have been made
within two years prior to the exhibition. Persons exhibiting Plows will have teams in waiting-
All entries must be made by 9 o'clock, on the day of exhibition.

A violation of any of the rules of the Association will preclude the person from ever after
competing; and, if a member, will be expelled.

Every expense and trouble will be incurred to beautify the grounds, enforce good order, en-
tertain agreeably, and to promote, to the largest extent, the object of the Association. A band
of music will be in attendance each day.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL

ASSOCIATION.

FIRST DAY.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, three entries, Mrs. C. Scobee, Henry, premium; Mrs. Morris Thomas, Shelby,
certificate.

Negro Jeans, six entries, Mrs. Wm. Calloway, Oldham, premium; Mrs. W. Armstrong,
Shelby, certificate.

White Linsey, five entries, Mrs. C. Scobee, Henry, premium; Mrs. W. Armstrong, Shelby,
certificate.

Colored Linsey, three entries, Mrs. Wm. Armstrong, Shelby, premium; Mrs. C. Scobee,
Henry, certificate.

Plaid Linsey, four entries, Mrs. C. Scobee, Henry, premium; Mrs. Wm. Armstrong, Shelby,
certificate.

White Fiannel, Mrs. Levi Barnhill, Oldham, premium; Mrs. C. Scobee, Henry, certificate.

Wool Carpet, three entries, Mrs. Win. Calloway, first premium; Mrs. John Fible, second
premium.

Carpet, wool and rag filling, five entries, Mrs. Elizabeth Jones, first premium; Mrs. P.
Wooliolk, second premium.

Carpet, all rag filing, one entry, Mrs. L. E. Brown, Henry, premium

Blankets, pair, four entries, Mrs. P. Calloway, premium; Mrs. W. Armstrong, certificate.

Hose, woolen, pair, seven entries, Mrs. C. L. Goulden, Virginia, premium; Mrs. Dudley
Hall, Henry, certificate.

Half Hose, pair, Mrs. S. G. Henderson, premium and certificate.

Suit of Clothes, cut and made by lady, Mrs. Martha Prewett, Shelby, premium.

Linen Shirt, three entries, Miss A. R. Barnhill, Oldham, premium; Mrs. W. A. Allen, Shel-
by, certificate.

Cotton Shirt, linen collar, bosom and wristbands, four entries, Miss Jennie Rowzee, Old-
ham, premium; Mrs. Dudley Hall, Henrv, certificate.

Needle Work, two entries, Mrs. John G. Gibson, Oldham, premium; Mrs. Thomas S. Mad-
dox, Shelby, certificate.

508

REPORT OF THE

Embroidery, five entries, Miss Sallie Phillips, Jefferson, premium; Mrs. John G. Taylor,
Henry, certificate.

Coverlet, woolen, three entries, Mrs. W. Armstrong, Shelby, premium and certificate.

Coverlet, cotton, two entries, Mrs. L. McKay, Jr , Nelson, premium; Mrs. A. Burns, Henry,
certificate.

Quilt, cotton patch work, three entries, Mrs. John A. Perry, first premium; Miss Fannie W.
Mitchell, second premium.

Quilt, worsted patch-work, Miss Henrietta Parker, Bourbon, first premium; Mrs. A. Burns,
second premium.

Quilt, silk patch work, Mrs. L. McKay, Nelson, first premium; Mrs. A. Burns, second pre-
mium.

Hat, one entry, John Fible, Oldham, premium.

Pair Boots, one entry, W. W. Taylor, Oldham, premium.

Ladies' Shoes, two entries, Mrs. J. G. Taylor, Henry, premium; Miss Sallie Thomas, Shel-
by, certificate.

MANUFACTURES BV MACHINERY.

Negro Jeans, one entry, Mrs. Thomas G. Bruce, Henry, premium.

Pair Blankets, five entries, Mrs. John Fible, Oldham, premium; Mrs Morris Thomas, Shel
by, certificate.

Box of Star Candles, two entries, Smith, Russell & Co., Louisville, premium and certificate
Barrel Flour, one entry, Owen and Martin, Henry, premium.

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.

Apples, eight entries, Mrs. Wm. Armstrong, Shelby, premium; Atwell Beatty, Shelby, cer
tificate.

Peaches, nine entries, Mrs. J. N. Blakemore, Henry, premium; Mrs. W. Armstrong, Shelby
certificate.

Pears, three entries, Mrs. Wm. Armstrong, Shelby, premium; Mrs. John Fible, Oldham
certificate.

Grapes, four entries, Mrs. L. E. Brown, Henry, premium; Mrs. S. T. Drane, Shelby, certifi
cate.

Tomatoes, six entries, Mrs. P. Calloway, Henry, premium; Mrs. J. N. Blakemore, Oldham
certificate

Carrots, four entries, Mrs. Wm. Armstrong, Shelby, premium; Mrs. T. H. Jackson, Henry
certificate.

Beets, sixteen entries; Mrs. Preston Thomas, Shelby, premium; Mrs. Wm. Armstrong
Shelby, certificate.

Turnips, one entry, Mrs. Morris Thomas, Shelby, premium.

Parsnips, six entries, Mrs. Jeptha Bright, Shelby, premium; Mrs. P. Calloway, Henry, certi
ficate.

Cabbage, six head, five entries, Mrs. G. P. Owen, Henry, premium; Mrs. S. T. Drane, Shel
by, certificate.

Onions, eight entries, Mrs. Abram Reese, Henry, premium; Mrs. P. Calloway, Henry, cer
tificate.

Salsify, four entries, Mrs. W. Armstrong, Shelby, premium; Mrs. J. N. Blakemore, Oldham
certificate.

DAIRY, WTNE, &.C.

Butter, nine entries, Mrs. James Calloway, Henry, premium; Mrs. P. Harwood, Henry, cer
tificate.

Cheese, six entries, Mrs. Elizabeth Ford, Henry, premium; Mrs. Wm. Calloway, Henry
certificate. >

Honey, ten entries, Mrs. P. Calloway, Henry, premium; Mrs. Wm. Calloway, Oldham, cer
tificate.

Wine, domestic, seven entries, B. F. Guthrie, Louisville, premium and certificate.

Cider, six entries, Abram Rees, Henry, premium and certificate.

BACON AND BREAD.

Ham, cooked, fifteen entries, Mrs. J. Calloway, Henry, premium; Mrs. W. W. Taylor, Old-
ham, certificate.

Wheat Bie;id, four entries, Mrs J. N. Blakemore, Oldham, premium; Mrs. P. B. Woolfolk>
Oldham, certificate.

Corn Bread, six entries, Mrs. J. P. Crabb, Henry, premium; Mrs.C. Ford, Henry, certificate.
Sorgho Syrup, Joseph Brinker' complimentary notice for jar of Chinese Sugar Cane Molasses.

POULTRY.

Pair Turkies, two entries, Mrs. W. Calloway, Oldham, premium; Mrs. P. Calloway, Henry,
certificate.

Pair Muscovy Ducks, one entry, Mrs. A. Burns, Henry, premium.
Poland Ducks, one entry, Mrs. W H. Perkins, Henry, premium.
Shanghai Chickens, one entry, Mrs. Abram Rees, Henry, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 509

Cochin China Chickens, three entries, Mrs. Abram Ree3, Henry, premium; Mrs. James Cal-
loway, Henry, certificate.

Bramah Pootra Chickens, four entries, Mrs. L E. Brown, premium and certificate.

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND PRODUCTS.

Cultivator, five entries, Brinly & Davis, Shelby, premium and certificate.

Farm Gate, one entry, W'lliam N Jones, Henry, premium.

Wagon, three entries, L. W. Shaffer, Shelby, premium; G. Sams, Henrv, certificate.

Saddle and Bridle, three entries, T. B. Hunt, Henry, premium; R. E. Miles, Louisville, cer-
tificate.

Clover Seed Sower, one entry, Hornsby & Booker, Shelby, premium.

Bread Corn, six entries, J. B. Hays, Henry, premium, T. 1.1. Jackson, Henry, certificate.

Stock Corn, seven entries, J. B. Hays, Henry, premium; George W. Reily, Shelby, certifi
cate.

Corn Meal, three entries, P. B. Woolfolk, Oldham, premium; Win. Calloway, Oldham, cer
tificate.

Hominy, one entry, P. B. Woolfolk, Oldham, premium.

Irish Potatoes, seventeen entries, S. H. Miles, Shelby, premium; J. H. Drane, Shelby, cer
tificate.

Sweet Potatoes, three entries, P. B. Woolfolk, Henry, premium; G. P. Owen, Henry, certifi
cate.

Red Wheat, four entries, A. Burns, Henry, premium.

White Wheat, six entries, Alex. Hopkins, Shelby, premium; A. Burns, Henry, certificate

Rye, five entries, A. B. Rees, Henry, premium; Dudley Hall, Henry, certificate.

Oats, one entry, G. VV. Reily, Shelby, premium.

Wheat Drill, one entry, Hornsby & Booker, Shelby, premium.

Leaf Tobacco, six entries, W. C. Calloway, Shelby, premium; J. B. W. Prewett, Shelby,
certificate.

Hemp, from brake, fifty pounds, one entry, Evan Henton, Shelby, premium.

Timothy Seed, nine entries, James Vincent, Oldham, premium; Wm. Calloway, Oldham,
certificate.

Orchard Grass Seed, eight entries, Wm. Calloway, Oldkam, premium; Otho Calloway, Hen-
ry, certificate.

Blue Grass Seed, three entries, Abram Reese, Henry, premium; Otho Cajloway, Henry,
certificate.

Buggy, one horse, five entries, Stedman & Pierce, Louisville, premium; P. B. Woolfolk,
Oldham, certificate.

Carriage, two horse, three entries, Calvin Ford, Henry, premium; Stedman & Pierce, Louis-
ville, certificate.

PLOWS AND MACHINES.

Plow, sod, two entries, Brinly & Davis, Shelby, premium and certificate.

Plow, stubble, three entries, Briuly & Davis, Shelby, premium.

Plow, one horse, one entry, Brinly & Davis, Shelby, premium.

Plow, sod and subsoil, Brinly & Davis, highly recommended.

Reapers, premiums decided upon trial, three entries, E. D. Jones & Bro., Henry, for Ken-
tucky Harvester made by Miller, Wing-ate & Co., Louisville; Perham Calloway, Henry, for
Atkin'sSelf Raker made by R. Dutton, Dayton, Ohio.

Mowing Machine, two entries, premium decided upon trial, E. D. Jones & Bro., Henry,
made by Miller, Wingate &. Co., Louisville; N. C. Magruder, Shelby, for Manny's Machine
made by H. B. Howard, Louisville.

THOROUGH BRED HORSES.

Stallions four years and over, one entry, A. W. Hardin, Oldham, premium.

Two years and under three, three entries, John Harper's Lincoln, Woodford, premium; S.
T. Drane, Shelby, certificate.

Under one year old, one entry, S. T. Drane, Shelby, premium.

Mares four years and over, six entries, S. T. Drane, Shelby, premium; Wm. Palmer, Henry,
certificate.

Three years and under four, one entry, J. Harper, Madaline, Woodford, premium.

Two years and under three, two entries, Geo. Hugely, Henry, premium; Wm. Palmer, Hen-
ry, certificate.

One year and under two, one entry, Bartlett & Pryor, Henry, premium.

SECOND DAY.

BLOODED CATTLE.

Bulls four years old and over, one entry, A. J. Viley, (Cedric) Scott, premium.
Bulls three years and under four, one entry, Jas W. Huss, Shelby, premium.
Bulls two years and under three, two entries, Ben. Thomas, Shelby, premium; W. L. Wad-
dy, Shelby, certificate.

510 REPORT OF THE

Bulls one year and under two, five entries, S. H. Miles, Shelby, premium; Dunlap & Lowry,
Shelby, certificate.

Bulls under one year, seven entries, Abram Vanmeter, Clarke, premium; Wm. Thorn, Jr.,
Henry, certificate.

Cows four years and over, seven entries, Jas. Calloway, Henry, premium; Abram Vanmeter,
Clarke, certificate.

Cows three years and under four, two entries, Thomas L. Cunningham, Bourbon, premium;
Evan Henton, Shelby, certificate.

Cows two years and under three, four entries, Solomon Vanmeter, Fayette, premium; C. L.
White, Shelby, certificate.

Cows one year and under two, four entries, T. L. Cunningham, Bourbon, premium; P. Cal-
loway, Henry, certificate.

Cows under one year, nine entries, Solomon Vanmeter, Fayette, premium; James Guthrie,
Henry, certificate.

CATTLE — LOCAL RING.

(Composed of cattle owned in the counties of Shelby, Henry, and Oldham.)

Bulls one year and under two, four entries, W. L. Waddy, Shelby, premium; J. G. Taylor,
Henry, cenifieate.

Bulls under one year old, ten entries, W. L. Waddy, premium and certificate.

Cows four years and over, six entries, Ben. Thomas, Shelby, premium; W. R. King, Shelby,
certificate.

Cows two years and under three, three entries, A. K. Nicholas, Shelby, premium; C. L.
White, Shelby, certificate.

Cows one year and under two, four entries, P. Calloway, Henry, premium; Luke Hopkins,
Henry, certificate.

Cows, under one year, old seven entries, T. G. Dunlap, Shelby, premium; James Guthrie,
Henry, certificate.

Fatted Steer, one year and under two, one entry, Alex. Hopkins, Shelby, premium.

Fatted Steer, two .years and under three, one entry, Luke Hopkins, Henry, premium.

Fatted Steer, four years and over, one entry, James Calloway, Henry, premium.

Five fatted Bullocks, two entries, Wm. Hopkins, Henry, premium; W. H Perkins, Henry,
certificate.

Yoke of Oxen, four entries, T. L. Cunningham, Bourbon, premium; W. Calloway, Jr , Old-
ham, certificate.

FATTED COW, FREE MARTIN, OR SPAYED HEIFER.

One year old and under two, three entries, T. G. Dunlap, Shelby, premium and certificate.
Three years and under four, one entry, W. Hopkins, Henry, premium.

Four years and over, W. L. Waddy, Shelby, premium; Wm. Calloway, Jr., Oldham, cer-
tificate.
Milch Cow, one entry, Wm. Calloway, Jr., Oldham, premium.

OPEN RING FOR CATTLE, (WITHOUT REGARD TO AGE.)

Bulls, thirteen entries, S. 11. Miles, Shelby, premium; W. L. Waddy, Shelby, certificate.
Co«s, twelve entries, T. L. Cunningham, Bourbon, premium; S. Vanmeter, Fayette, certi-
tificate.

lord John's calves.
(Premium by Mori is Thomas, of Shelby.)
Bulls, under one year, five entries, A. F. Scearce, Shelby, premium; B. Thomas, Shelby
certificate.

Cows, under one year, five entries, B. Thomas, Shelby, premium; W. J. Mason, Shelby,
certificate.

HOGS.

Agpd Boar, three entries, Burns, Brown & Wilson, Henry, premium; W. O.McMakin, Shel
by, certificate.

Aged Sow, three entries, Richard Allen, Fayette, premium; James I. Pollard, Henry, cer
tificate. .

Boar over six and under twelve months, two entries, J. C. Scobee, Henry, premium; D
Ellis, Henry, certificate.

Sow, over six and under twelve months, two entries, D. Ellis, Henry, premium; W. T. Da
vis, Oldham, certificate,

Pair Pigs, under six months, two entries, D. Ellis, Henry, premium; W. T. Davis, Oldham
certificate.

Sow and sucking pigs, two entries, S.Booker, Jr., Shelby, premium; L. E. Brown, Henry
cenifieate.

Best three fatted Hogs, one entry, A. Nicholas, Shelby, premium.

OPEN RING FOR HOGS.

Boar, four entries, Burns, Brown & Wilson, Henry, premium; J. C. Scobee, Henry, certi-
ficate.

Sow, four entries, D. Ellis, Henry, premium; R. Allen, Fayette, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 511

drennon's colts.
(Premiums by N. J. Smith, of Henry )
Best Horse Colt, twelve entries. First premium. $20 Goblet, to Bartlet & Pryor, Henry;
second premium, J 10 Cup, to Drane & Hopkins, Shelby.

Best Mare Colt, eleven entries; first premium, $20 Goblet, to A. J. Viley's Belle Smith,
Scott; 2d premium, $10 Cup, to J. M. Calloway, Henry.

•
THIRD DAY.

SHEEP, FINE WOOL.

Buck, two years and over, three entries, J. Calloway, Henry, premium; Levi Barnhill, Old-
ham, certificate.

Buck, one year and under two, two entries, VV. Armstrong, Shelby, premium; C. Scobee,
Henry, certificate. /

Pair Lambs, three entries, Wm. Armstrong, Shelby, premium; C. Scobee, Henry, certi-
ficate.

Ewe, two years and over, six entries, John Calloway, Henry, premium; C. Scobee. Henry,
certificate.

Ewe, one year and under two, two entries, C. Scobee, Henry, premium; Wm. Armstrong,
Shelby, certificate.
. •

LONG WOOL.

Buck, two years and over, three entries, T. G. Dunlap, Shelby, premium; L. Hopkins, Hen-
ry, certificate.

Buck, one year and under two, three entries, D. Ellis, Henry, premium; P. Calloway, Henry,
certify at j .

Pair Lambs, two entries, Newton Bright, Shelby, premium; S. T. Drane, Shelby, certificate.

Ewe, two years and over, six entries, J. Y. Clore, Henry, premium; L. Hopkins, Henry,
certificate.

Ewe, one year and under two, eight entries, E. D. Jones, Henry, premium; J.B.Jones,
Henry, certificate.

MIDDLE WOOL.

Buck, two years and over, three entries, J. O'Bannon, Henry, premium; Wm. Hopkins,
Henry, certificate.

Buck, one year and under two, one entry, Levi Barnhill, Oldham, premium.

Pair Lambs, four entries, J O'Bannon, Henry, premium; T. H.Jackson, Henry, certificate.

E«e, two years and over, two entries, Jas. Calloway, premium and certificate.

Ewe, one year and under two, five entries, Jas. Calloway, Henry, premium; Jas. O'Bannon,
Henry, certificate.

Best five fatted sheep, two entries, W. Hopkins, Henry, premium; J. M. Calloway, Henry,
certificate.

OPEN UING FOR SHEEP.

Best Buck, fifteen entries, Wilson & Jones, Henry, premium; Newton Bright, Shelby, cer-
tificate

Be=t Ewe, twenty entries, Newton Bright, Shelby, premium; S. T. Drane, Shelby, certificate.

ASSES AND MOLES.

Jack, four years and over, four entries, A. C. & T. W. Tucker, Shelby, premium; Robert
Doak. Shelby, certificate.

Jack, three years and under four, two entries, R. M. Booker & Co , (Young America,;
Shelby, premium; D. Penn, Bourbon, certificate.

Jack, two years and under three, two entries, Nathan Howell, Shelby, premium; Collier &
Tucker, Shelby, certificate.

Jack, one year and under two, four entries, Lewis Malone, Shelby, premium; D. D. Wilson,
Anderson, certificate.

Jack under one year old, five entries, D. D. Wilson, Anderson, premium; J. A. Hornsby,
Shelby, certificate.

Jennet, four years and over, D. D. Wilson, Anderson, premium; J. W. Bell, Shelby, certifi-
cate.

Jennet, three years and under four, two entries, Nathan Howell, Shelby, premium; Evan
Hentun, Shelby, certificate.

Jennet, two years and under three, three entries, Nathan Howell, Shelby, premium; J. W.
Bell, Shelby, certificate.

Jennet, one year and under two, three entries, J. W. Bell, Shelby, premium; J. A. Hornsby,
Shelby, certificate.

Jennet under one year old, Nathan Howell, Shelby, premium; Nathan Divine, Shelby, cer-
tificate.

Mules, two years and over, T. T. Elliston, Shelby, premium; Silas Ford, Henry, certificate.

512 REPORT OF THE

Mule, one year and under two, two entries, R. E. Mason, Shelby, premium; G. C. Harbison,
Shelby, certificate.

Mules, under one year, ten entries, William Hopkins. Henry, premium; Silas Ford, Henry,
certificate.

Pair Draft Mules, one entry, Lewis Malone, Shelby, premium.

OPEN RING FOR ASSES.

Jacks, eight entries, R. M. Booker & Co., Shelby, premium; Lewis Malone, Shelby, certifi-
cate.

Jennets, six entries, Nathan Howell, Shelby, premium; D. D.Wilson, Anderson, certificate.

FINE HORSES.

Stallions, four years and over, five entries, J. F. Moore, Shelby, premium; D. L. Gregory,
Jefferson, certificate.

Stallions, three years and under four, two entries, Thomas Smith, Shelby, premium; Sam-
uel Booker, Shelby, certificate.

Stallions, two years and under three, three entries, R. M. Booker, Shelby, premium; G. A.
Robinson, Shelby, certificate.

Stallions, one year and under two, five entries, J. B. Dorsey, Jefferson, premium; W. O.
McMakin, Shelby, certificate.

Stallions, under one year, eleven entries, William Miles, Shelby, premium; Samuel Booker,
Shelby, certificate.

Mare, four years and over, thirteen entries, J. L. Moody, Henry, premium; C. S. Moore,
Shelby, certificate.

Mare, three years. and under four, one entry, J. T. Calloway, Henry, premium.

Mare, two years and under three, three entries, N. J. Smith, Henry, premium; William
Brewer, Henry, certificate.

Mares, one year aad under two, four entries, 0. D. Todd, Shelby, premium; Saml. Booker,
Shelby, certificate.

Mares, under one year old, four entries, P. Calloway, Henry, premium; John Bird, Shelby,
certificate.

HARNESS HORSES.

Stallions, four years and over, five entries, R. L. Tinsley, Louisville, premium; S. R. Wo-
mack, Jefferson, certificate.

Stallions, three years and under four, one eutry, A. Dupuy, Henry, premium.

Stallions, two years old and under three, three entries, Drane & Hopkins, Shelby, premium;
T. G. Crutcher, Shelby, certificate.

Stallions, one year and under two, one entry, Isham W. Moody, Henry, premium.

Stallions, under one year old, ten entries, William M. Gibson, Oldham, premium; W. W.
Taylor, Oldham, certificate.

Mares, four years old and over, four entries, J. T. Calloway, Henry, premium; J. J. Cloud,
Fayette, certificate.

Mares, three years old and under four, two entries, J. D. Gilman, Jefferson, premium; Chil-
ton Scott, Henry, certificate.

Mares, two years old and under three, one entry, N. J. Smith, Henry, premium.

Mares, one year and under two, two entries, A. J. Viley, Scott, premium; F. P. Stone, Shel-
by, certificate.

Mares, under one year, six entries, W. D. Calloway, Henry, premium; J. M. Todd, Shelby,
certificate.

JEHU'S COLTS.

(Premiums by R. L. Tinsley.)

Stallions, under one year old, four entries, W. M. Gibson, Oldham, premium; W. W. Tay-
lor, Oldham, certificate.

Mare, under one year old, four entries, Robt. Mallory, Oldham, premium; W. D. Calloway,
Henry, certificate.

FOURTH DAY.

DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion, four years and over, two entries, J. F. Moore, Shelby, premium; G. Cleaveland,
Jessamine, certificate.

Stallion, three years and under four, three entries, Jas. Kindle, Spencer, premium; J. Cor-
bin, Henry, certificate.

Stallion, two years and under three, three entries, William Hall, Shelby, premium; Albert
Ford, Oldham, certificate.

Stallion, one year old and under two, three entries, John F. Moore, Shelby, premium; Os-
wald Thomas, Shelby, certificate.

Stallion, under one year old, five entries, Z. N. Bell, Shelby, premium; J. L. Ficklin, Jef-
fer-son, certificate.

Mares, four years old and over, ten entries, Wm. Hopkins, Henry, premium; W. W. Tay-
lor, Oldham, certificate.

STATE AGRICULTUBAL SOCIETY. 513

Mares, three years old and under four, four entries, B. Warford, Shelby, premium; J. L.
Ficklin, Jefferson, certificate.

Mares, two years and under three, two entries, Jas. Stone, Shelby, premium; J. W. John
ston, Shelby, certificate.

Mares, one year and under two, two entries, Nathan Miles, Henry, premium; W. H. Bal-
lard, Shelby, certificate.

Mares, under one year, five entries, J. W.Huss, Shelby, premium; J. T. Armstrong, Henry,
certificate.

SADDLE HORSES.

Stallion, four years and over, two entries, J. S. Lindsay, Henry, premium; D. L. Gregory,
Jefferson, certificate.

Stallion, three years and under four, two entries, Saml. Mcllvaine, Henry, premium; John
Eaton, Henry; certificate.

Stallion, two years old and under three, five entries, Saml. Calloway, Henry, premium; Hen-
ry C. Middleton, Henry, certificate.

Stallions, one year and under two, four entries, Wm. Payne, Fayette, premium; Calvin
Ford, Henry, certificate.

Mares, under one year, one entry, J. L. Moody, Henry, premium.

Mares, four years and over, four entiies, J. Pryor, Henry, premium; H. H. Ferguson, Wood-
ford, certificate.

Mares, three, years and under four, two entries, D. Ellis, Henry, premium; W. Calloway,
Oldham, certificate.

Mares, two years and under three, six entries, F.Goodrich, Henry, premium, E. Dorsey, Jr.,
Jefferson, certificate.

Mares, one year and under two, three entries, J. L. Woody, Henry, premium; N. S. Pol-
lard, Henry, certificate.

Mares, under one year old, five entries, R. F. Moody, Henry, premium and certificate.

OPEN RING EOR HORSES.

Stallions, fourteen entries, S. R. Womack, Jefferson, premium; C. S. Moore, Shelby, cer-
tificate.

Mares, fifteen entries, C. S. Moore, Shelby, premium; J. M. Calloway, Henry, certificate.

Saddle Gelding, eighteen entries, A. P. Williams, Frankfort, ^premium; H. H. Ferguson.
Woodford, certificate.

Best Saddle Mare, four entries, J. F. Young, Trimble, premium; David Harbison, Shelby,
certificate.

Pair of Carriage Horses, four entries, E. Dorsey, Jr., Jefferson, premium; Geo. Welling,
Spei.cer, certificate.

Pair of Carriage Mares, one entry, Junius W. Craig, Arkansas, premium.

From the Shelby News, of October 21, 1857.
EMINENCE FAIR.

We are under obligations, and return our thanks, to friends for the following notes, abou
the late exhibition.
To the Editor of The Shelby News:

The Seventh Annual Fair of the Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association has just
closed, and having no recollection of seeing you upon the grounds I take this opportunity to
let you and your distant readers know that it was, with few exceptions, equal to any of its
predecessors. Fears were entertained by some of the friends, that inasmuch as the United
States Agricultural Society was so recently held at Louisville, that ours would not be attended
by the upper county men as usual, and consequently we would have an indifferent show. I
am glad to be able to state, that our friends from abroad, who have been in the habit of attend-
ing, were, as heretofore, on hand; and it will always be the case while our Fair is conducted
by such kind and attentive officers.

Our Local Ring of Cattle, being composed, as you know, of stock owned in the three coun-
ties of Shelby, Henry, and Oldham, surprised those who witnessed it. If our spirited stock
raisers go on in the like ratio, for the next seven years, we may safely challenge any Society
in the State. Our horses, sheep, and hogs, as is well known, can now compete successfully
with older Societies Our agricultural products were truly astonishing; and our mechanical
skill, particularly in plows, unsurpassed anywhere.

And what shall 1 say of our fair country-women — matrons and maids? By an examination
of the Secretary's report, you will see every ring fully contested — from the half hose up to the
full suit of clothes. And not being satisfied with in door work, they turn to the kitchen and
dairy, as witness the fifteen entries for the premium for best cooked ham, and the various
entries for bread, cheese, butter, etc. With surh women for wives, and to become wives, may
we not expect great good to come of such exhibitions? The most skeptical heretofore have
now yielded their opposition to Fairs, and admit they afford a greater stimulus to enterprise in
Agriculture and Mechanical Arts than public speaking and written essays. H.

514 REPORT OF THE

To the Editor of The Shelby News:

Among the very many attractive features of the last day, was a splendid silver Tea Set,
of five pieces, and a very large silver Pitcher, all of exquisite design and superior workman-
ship, from antique patterns, and which would have been a gorgeous display upon a regal board.
Attracted to the spot by observing a constant throng of ladies — whose little hearts have re-
markable capacious reception rooms for silverware and other pretty things — I was delighted
to find they were the well merited tribute to Kentucky enterprise and genius; and the more so,
because won by our own countyman, Dr. Joseph A. Moore, whose just pride in exhibiting
them was not greater than the gratification of his numerous friends and former associates in
his well deserved prize — which was the premium of the St. Louis Agricultural and Mechanical
Association for the best Reaper and the best Mower — both of which premiums were awarded
to the Kentucky Harvester, exhibited by Miller, Wingate & Co., in a contest with nine other
Reapers and Mowers, near St. Louis, in July last.

I have not the slightest doubt this Mower was entitled to the premium at the great National
trial at Syracuse, as to which the judges failed to come to any conclusion. It was the only
one on the ground that went through all its work as a mower without breaking or choking, or
any accident whatever. Kentuckians will find after every trial, that it is the best in use; and
as a home production it should be enthusiastically preferred. The preference many of us give
for Northern implements is far from being reciprocated by the North toward us; and no North-
ern manufactory equals Miller, Wingate & Co., in the finish and excellent work sent out from
their factory. L.

UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION OF MASON AND

BRACKEN COUNTIES.

Robert W. Scott,

Cor. Secretary Kentucky State Agricultural Society:

Dear Sir: In compliance with a resolution passed by the Board of Directors of the Ken-
tucky State Agricultural Society, I shall give you a brief history of the organization of the
Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association for Mason and Bracken Counties. On the first
Saturday in April, 1854, a few citizens of Mason and Bracken Counties met in the Town Hall
in Germantown — the county line runs through the center of the Hall, and the citizens of Ma-
son and Bracken can meet and transact business with each other and remain in their own
counties.

A President and Secretary were appointed. A motion was made to call a meeting of the citi-
zens of both counties. Several gentlemen advocated the motion, and spoke with great confi-
dence as to what each county would do. A young gentleman said —

"Mr. President, I have a substitute to offer for the one before the house. 1 move we now
proceed to elect our officers for the Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association for Mason
and Bracken Counties — one President, three Vice Presidents, a Secretary and Treasurer, seven
Directors from Mason, and six Directors from Bracken."

For a moment there was a little wavering; it was what all desired, yet they had not met for
that purpose, the speaker said we can raise the money; I know from the feeling and known
energy of this body of men that many more not here will follow our example and contribute
libarally; the question was put, and the substitute was carried unanimously. Anthony Killgore
was tlecteJ President; C. M. Gibbons, first Vice President; Charles Humphreys, second Vice
President; James Dawson, third Vice President; F. A. Savage, Secretary; Ben. Wood, Jr.,
Treasurer; seven Directors from Mason and six from Bracken. Committees were appointed
to draw up charter, by .-laws, constitution, &c, contract for suitable grounds as near the line of
the two counties as possible. Mr. E. Currans offered his beautiful woodland to the Society for
the first fair, free of charge. The proper committee proceeded immediately to erect seats and
make all necessary arrangements for holding a Fair on the 22d, 23d, 24th, and 25th, September
1854. On Saturday the 26th we had an auction for stock, &c.

Our first Fair was all its most ardent friends could wish. The Ladies, (God bless them,)
joined us in getting up one of the most interesting Fairs of our glorious old State. At our

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 515

April meeting in 1855, the constitution, by-laws and charter were approved, and L. J. Bradford
was appointed to present the charter to our next Legislature''. The Society contracted with Mr
Joseph Frazee for twenty acres of his woodland, one of the most beautiful situations in Ken-
tucky. Many majestic trees are growing on the twenty acres belonging to our Society; a
large and deep pond adds to its beauty and affords any quantity of good stock water; a well has
been completed securing to the many that visit our Fair an abundant supply of the very best
water. Our Association has held three Fairs on their "rounds, and erected the following im.
provements: A large and elegant two story Amphitheatre, with a shingle roof over the seats;
offices, and a beautiful gothic cottage for the accommodation of ladies; a large and beautiful
floral hall, industrial hall, magistrates office, booths, dining saloons, and one hundred and thirty
stalls for stock, with out houses for grooms, &c, all in complete order, surrounder with a high
board fence. The Society expect to have completed, by next fall, a large and convenient ho.
tel that will accommodate the officers and visitors. The first story will be occupied by the Far-
mers' Club of Mason and Bracken Counties, which was organized last spring, and has the fol
lowing officers: L. J. Bradford, President; James Claybrook and John Fee, Vice Presidents;
Ben. Wood, Treasurer; James Savage, Secretary; and three hundred members.

Below you will find the number of stock exhibited on the 29th and 30th September, and 1st
and 2d October, 1857. 160 Horses; 108 Cattle for breeding; 7 Fat Cattte; 13 yoke of Oxen;
22 Hogs; 26 Sheep; 17 Jacks and Jennies, and 19 Mules. The show of field products and
fruits was fine. On Saturday the 3d October, 1857, the importing company for Mason and
Bracken had their first sale of the increase of Short Horn Durham Cattle imported in 1856.
Ei^ht Calves were sold, averaging $240.

By agreement of the sub company with the original company, they are to keep their entire
herd of eighteen up and not reduce it for five years, and the five bulls are not to be removed
out of Mason and Bracken Counties during the five years.

A Cleveland Bay Stallion was imported at the same time. This order for him was sent by
a few fancy farmers to improve the stock of coach horses. He is all they could wish, and the
only difficulty is to retain him. A gentleman from Bourbon, who brought some fine stock to
our Fair, offered more than double his cost. Mares from several states have been bred to this
fine horse; he is seventeen hands high, and one of the fast horses. Mr. Henry Smoot and
Mr. A. K. Marshall selected the cattle and horse in England. Mr. S. selected Borne fine
Southdown Sheep for his own purposes.

Many of our farmers have visited the blue grass counties, and purchased the very finest
cattle, sheep, and hogs. The very best of feeling exists — Agricultural works are subscribed
for, and a general improvement in all kind of farm implements.

Our premiums paid at our last fair amounted to .$1,750. I predict a bright future for the
Agriculturists of Mason and Bracken counties. There is no pursuit of mankind, which in
importance and utility bears a comparison with Agriculture; yet, none which is so wanting in
,he elements of a healthy progression. A laudable desire to excel is implanted in our na-
ture, but the rough life of the farmer is not well calculated to develope this high attribute-
hence the necessity of throwing around his avocation all the allurements of a Farmers' An-
nual Festival, where liberal emoluments can be competed for and won, for exhibitions of ex-
cellence in his art. An interchange of opinions with the farmers is of great benefit; the com-
parison of seeds and farm implements, (the culture of the one and the labor saving of the
other,) does a great deal to encourage the young Agriculturists.

Respectfully, &c,

L. J. BRADFORD.

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR 1857.

A- H. Wall, President; J. T. Bradford, Charles Humphreys, and W. B. Crupper, Vice Prefl-
jdents; Henry Smoot, J. Curtiss, W. H. Robertson, William Chanslor, J. A. Coburn, A. K.
Marshall, Charles Osborne, and A. Killgore, of Mason, and John Fee, William Orr, Sr., C
M. Gibbons, G. W. Toleman, D. Byers, W. S. Harrod, and J. H. Boude, of Bracken, Direc.
tors; F. A. Savage, Secretary; B. W. Wood, Jr., Treasurer; L. J. Bradford, Marshal.

516

REPORT OF THE

PREMIUM LIST OF THE UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSO-
CIATION OF MASON AND BRACKEN COUNTIES, FOR 1857.

CLASS A. — MECHANICAL. — AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Reaping Machine, 20 00

Threshing Machine, 15 00

Plow for sod, - ............ 5 00

Shovel Plow, - 3 00

Plow for all purposes, 5 00

Cultivator, 3 00

Grain Drill, 7 00

Corn Planter, 3 00

Hemp Break, 3 00

Cutting Box, 5 00

Fanning Mill, 3 00

Bee Hive, 3 00

Hemp Hook, 1 00

Corn and Cob Crusher, 8 00

Plan for Grate and Fastening, 3 00

Judges — Thos. M. Forman, Watson P. Diltz, Charles Day.

CARRIAGES, WAGONS, AC.

Two -horse Carriage, 10 00

One horse Buggy, 7 00

Four or Six horse Wagon, 10 00

Two horse Wagon, 6 00

Ox Cart, 3 00

Dray, 3 00

Judges — Col. A, Soward, Enos Myall, J. Bierbower.

CABINET WARE.

Sofa, - ■ - - - 3 00

Bureau, --•-.- 3 00

Ottoman, --- 3 00

Common Table, 3 00

Centre Table, -- - - - - 3 00

Bedstead, 3 00

Judges — James Pinckard, Peter Rudd, James Henry.

COOPERAGE.

Tierce, 2 00

Pork Barrel, 2 OQ

Flour Barrel, 1 00

•Lard Keg, - 1 00

Exhibition of Pine or Cedar Ware, - 2 00

^Judges — John Van Dyke, John Stallcup, Nicholas Sellars.

SADDLERY AND HARNESS.

Gentleman's Saddle, 5 00

'Lady's Saddle, 5 00

'Set of Double Harness, .......500

Set of Single Harness, 3 00

Draught Collar, I 00

Judges — Orval McKibbon, G. Pinckard. L. C. Coulter.

BOOTS AND SHOES.

Pair Gent's fine Boots, 3 00

Pair Gent's Kip Boots, 2 00

Pair Ladies' Gaiters, - - - - - - - 2 00

Pair Ladies' Slippers, 1 00

Pair Gent's Embroidered Slippers, 2 00

^ Judges — Jos. Myer, Johnston Grigston, Jacob Longnecker.

GENTLEMEN'S CLOTHING.

Cloth Cloak, 5 00

Overcoat, 5 00

Frock or Dress Coat, 5 00

Pair Pants, 2 00

Vest, 2 00

Shirt, 1 00

These articles to'be judged by the workmanship, and not by the material.

Judges— Harvey Murphy, G. W. Reese, Jacob B. Eader.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 517

LEATHER.

Side of Sole Leather, 2 00

Side of Harness Leather, - 2 00

Side of Bridle Leather, 2 00

Side of Skirting Leather, 2 00

Side of Upper Leather, 2 00

Half dozen Calf Skins, 3 00

Half dozen Sheep Skins, 2 00

Judges — Geo. Doniphan, Andrew Wood, Jr., Robt. Stevenson.

CLASS B. — PRODUCTS OF THF SOIL.

Water rotted Hemp, one hundred pounds, 3 00

Dew rotted Hemp, one hundred pounds, 3 00

Sample of Wheat, 2 00

Sample of Rye, 2 00

Sample of Barley, 2 00

Sample of Oats, 1 00

The above samples are not to be less than one bushel.

Sample of Corn in the ear, - 1 00

Sample of Timothy Seed, - 1 00

Sample of Clover Seed, 1 00

Bushel of Sweet Potatoes, 100

Bushel of Irish Potatoes, 1 00

Beet lot of Garden Vegetables, 1 00

Judges — James B. Claybrook, W. O. Blackerby, Stephen Hook.

FRUITS.

Best selection of Winter Apples, 2 00

Best selection of Summer and Fall Apples, 2 0)

Best selection of Pears, 2 DO

Best selection of Peaches, 2(0

Best selection of Cherries, - 1 f'O

Best selection of Plums, 2 00

Best selection of Gooseberries, 1 00

Best selection of Grapes, 2 00

Judges — Wm. Forman, Charles A. Lyon, James A. Fisher.

WINES.

Best four bottles Native Wine, 3 00

Best four bottles Domestic Wine, 3 00

Judges — Judge Joseph Doniphan, Dr. J. T. Bradford, John A. Ludavig; James A. Johnson,
A. Doniphan, Marcus Anderson.

FLOWERS.

Best collection of Flowers of different varieties, 2 00

Best collection of Dahlias, ........... 2 00

Best collection of Roses - 2 00

Be^t Boquet of Cut Flowers, 2 00

Judges — Mrs. Thomas Y. Payne, Mrs. Alfred Soward, Mrs. J. W. Armstrong.

TOBACCO.

Best hogshead of Tobacco for Cigar Wrappers, 15 00

Second best hogshead of Tobacco for Cigar Wrappers, - - - - - - 10 00

Best hogshead of Tobacco for all purposes 15 00

Second best hogshead of Tobacco for all purposes, - - 10 00

Judges— John Taylor, F. P. Chalfaut, P. H. Clayton, Samuel Worthington, W.C. Holton.

Persons wishing to compete for the prizes for Tobacco, will notify the Secretary. Messrs.

C. A. Lyons, of Mason, and Wm. Orr, of Bracken, have been appointed Inspectors, and will
sample the hogsheads submitted for the prize. Samples to be exhibited in Germantown on the
last Tuesday in April, 1858, at which time the prizes will be awarded.

CLASS C — HOUSEHOLD-
dairy PRODUCTS.

Best four pounds Butter, 2 00

Best Cheese, 2 00

Judges — Mrs. Alfred Chancellor, Mrs. Benj. Kirk, Mrs. Marcus Ware.

PRESERVES AND PRESERVING.

Best display of Preserves, four jars or more, 3 00

Plan, in writing, for preserving fresh Fruit upon the hermetrical sealing principle;

specimen to accompany plans, 5 00

518

REPORT OF THE

Judges— Mrs. T. F. Marshall, Mrs. B. G. Willis, Mrs. A. J. Whipps.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Best specimen of Jeans, - - - 4 00

Best specimen of Flannel, 3 00

Best specimen of White Linsey, 3 00

Best specimen of Striped Linsey, - 3 00

Best specimen of Wool Carpet, 5 00

Best specimen of Rag Carpet, 3 00

Best specimen of Klax Linen, --.'--.---'/-'-.' 3 00

Best specimen of Tow Linen, .......... 3 00

Best specimen of Table Cloth, 3 00

Best specimen of Silk Goods, .----------3 00

Best one dozen double and twisted Yarn, 1 00

Best pair of Wool Socks, ............. 1 00

Best pair of Wool Stockings, 1 00

Best pair of Silk Stockings, 1 00

Best pair of Gloves or Mitten3, 1 00

Best Hearth Rug, home made, 2 00

Judges — Mrs. Robert Power, Mr3. R. Kirk, Sr., Samuel Lloyd.

BED COVERS.

Best Silk Quilt, 5 00

Best Worsted Quilt, 5 00

Best Counterpane, ..--........-5 00

Best White Cotton Quilt, 5 00

Best Patch Work Quilt, 5 00

Best pair of Blankets, - 5 00

WORK MADE BY MISSES UNDER TWELVE YEARS.

Best Patch Work Quilt, 3 00

Best Ornamental Bed Spread, 3 00

Judges — Miss Angeline Thomas, Mrs. Richard Lloyd, Mrs. Mary Savage.

NEEDLE WORK.

Best Silk or Velvet Bonnet, 3 00

Best Lady's Cloak, 3 00

Best Worsted worked Piano Cover, 3 00

Best Worsted Table Cover, 2 00

Best Ottoman, 2 00

Best Chair Cover, 2 00

Best Group of Flowers, 2 00

Best Linen worked Lady's Cape or Handkerchief, 2 00

Best Linen worked Lady's Collar, 2 00

Judges — Miss Mary Anne Scisson, Mr3. Harvey Murphy, Mrs. John Curtiss.

WAX AND SHELL WORK, <tC.

Best specimen of Shell Work, ---'•-.-. 2 00

Best specimen of Wnx Work, 2 00

Best specimen of Artificial Flowers, 2 00

ARTISTICAL.

Best Painting in Oil, 3 00

Best Painting in Water Colors, 3 00

Best Drawing in Pencil, 3 00

Best specimen of Daguerrean Art, 3 00

Judges— Mrs. G. W. Coons, Mrs. J. H. Boude, Mrs. T. M. Hamer.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Best three Hams of Bacon, one of which must be boiled — accompanied" by written

statement of the curing process, ------- 5 00

Best specimen of Cucumber and other Pickles, accompanied by written statement

of the ingredients, quantities, &c, used in preparing them, 2 00

Best specimen five pounds Lard, 1 00

Best barrel S. F. White Wheat Flour, 3 00

Judges— Richard Lloyd, Athelston Owens, J. B. Hawes.

POULTRY.

Best pair Shanghais, red and buff, ........ . . 2 00

Best pair Shanghais, white, --..... .... 2 00

Best pair Shanghais, black, ........... 2 00

Best pair Brahmas, ------ 2 00

Best pair Dorkings, 2 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 519

Best pair Native Common, 2 00

Best pair Turkies, 2 00

Best pair Ducks, 2 0"

Best pair Geese, 2 00

Judges — Joseph Duncan, William Fleming, Joab Boughner.

FEMALE EQUESTRIANS.

Best Female Equestrian, 20 00

Second best Female Equestrian; 10 00

Professional riders wi'l not be admitted to compete for the prizes.

Judges— John T. Wilson, Chas.S. Smoot, C. T. Perry, T. F, Marshall, Dr. C. S. Savage.

CLASS D.— DRAFT HORSES.

Best Stallion three years and over, ... ....... 15 00

Second best Stallion three years and over, 5 00

Stallion two years old and under three, ------- --6 00

Second best Stallion two years old and under three, 3 00

Stallion one year old and under two, 6 00

Second best Stallion one year old and under two, 3 00

Sucking Stallion, 6 00

Second best sucking Stallion, 3 00

Mare three years old and over, 15 00

Second best Mare three years old and over, 5 00

Mare two years old and under three, --------- 6 00

Second best Mare two years old and under three, - - - - - - - 3 00

Mare one year old and under two, 6 00

Second best Mare one year old and under two, 3 00

Sucking Mare Colt, 6 00

Second best sucking Mare Colt, 3 00

Judges — Aiex. Martin, Ripley, Ohio; Paul King, Cynthiana; Warren B. Rogers, Paris; A.
B. Thompson, Pendleton; John Wheeler, Alexandria.

Alternates— Wyatt Weedon, Mason; W. T. Sallee, Mason; G. W. Wells, Mason; Joseph
Whisner, Bracken; John Taylor, Bracken.

SWEEPSTAKES FOR DRAFT STOCK.

Best Stallion of any age, 10 00

Best Mare of any age, 10 00

Judges — David Howel, Montgomery; W. L. Sudduth, Bath; John Hoby, Pendleton; Samuel
Rankin, Harrison; George Richeson, Feesburg, Ohio.

Alternates — Samuel Shockey, Bracken; W W. Orr, Bracken; Osgood Burgess, Mason; J.
H. D'.vire, Mason; Elliott Fishback, Bracken.

CLASS E.— GELDINGS AND MARES.

Gelding two years old and under three years, for the saddle or harness, - - - 6 00

Second best Gelding two years old and under three, for the saddle or harness, - - 3 00

Gelding one year old and under two, 6 00

Second best Gelding one year old and under two, ------- 3 00

Gelding two years old and under three, for draft, - - 6 00

Second best Gelding two vears old and under three, for draft, - - - - - 3 00

Gelding one year old and under two, for draft, -------- 6 00

Second best Gelding one year old and under two, for draft, - • - - - 3 00

Pair of Matched Mares, in harness, - - - 10 00

Second best pair Matched Mares, in harness, - - 5 00

Mare in single harness, ------------ 10 00

Second best Mare in single harness, ------- - - • 5 00

Best Mare for the Saddle, to be shown under the saddle, 10 00

Judges — Mr. Stephens, Cincinnati; Edward Harrison, Bourbon; Lewis Grov9s, Mason; Paul
Best, Mason; J. D. Cushman, Mason.

Alternates — T. F. Pollock, Bracken; Dr. John Holton, Bracken; T. L. Bacon, Mason, R. L.
Lewis, Mason; James Stroud, Mason.

CLASS F.— SHEEP.

SHEEP FOR FINE WOOL.

Buck one vear old or over, - - 5 00

Sucking Buck, - - ... 3 00

Ewe one year old or over, ........... 5 00

Sucking Ewe, 3 00

SHEEP FOR MIDDLE GRADES OF WOOL.

Buck one vear old or over, 5 00

Sucking Buck, 3 00

Ewe one vear old or over, 5 00

Sucking Ewe, 3 00

520 REPORT OF THE

SHEEP FOR COARSE WOOL.

Buck one year old or over, 5 00

Sucking Buck, 3 00

Ewe one vear old or over, ...........5 00

Sucking Ewe, 3 00

Judges — F. P. Gray, Harrison; Hiram Gregg, Ohio; Jas. H. Drane, Eminence; Ky.; W. B.
Woodruff, Henderson; Nathaniel McDaniel, Winchester.

Alternates — W. Ragau, Bracken; W. H. Reynolds, George L. Forman, A. M. Peed, C. C.
Owens.

FAT SHEEP.

Pen of five or more Weathers or Ewes, 6 00

Judges — Richard Kirk, Mason; John McDonald, Mason; Littleton Meingee, Mason; Fred
Fishback, Bracken, John Reed, Bracken.

CLASS G— SWINE.

Boar one year old or more, 5 00

Sucking Boar, 3 00

Sow one year old or more, - ....... - - 5 00

Sucking Sow, 3 00

Pen of three or more Fat Hogs, .......... 5 00

Judges — George F. Allen, W. Watson, Garrett Applegate, Marcus Ware, Joseph Drake.
All Swine will be examined in the pens.

CLASS H.— CATTLE.

FOR BEEF OR MILK.

Bull three years old or more, 15 00

Second best Bull three years old or more, ........ 5 00

Bull two years old and under three, - 6 00

Second best Bull two years and under three, 3 00

Bull one year old and under two, .........-6 00

Second best Bull one year old and under two, 3 00

Bull under one year old, - ' - 6 00

Second best Bull under one year old, 3 00

Cow three years old or more, - 15 00

Second best Cow three years old or more, - - - - - - - - 5 00

Cow two years old and under three, 6 00

Second best Cow two years old and under three, 3 00

Cow one year old and under two, ....... ... 6 00

Second best Cow one year old and under two, 3 00

Suckling Heifer Calf, 6 00

Second best Suckling Heifer Calf, - - 3 00

Judges — Chas. T. Garrard, Bourbon; Elijah Browning, Browningsville; Wm. Wilson, Har-
rison; W. R. Duncan, Winchester; E. E. Pearce, Poplar Plains.

Alternates — Jonathan Hedgecock, John Reed, James Dawson, Benjamin Jamison, Benj. Kirk.

FAT CATTLE.

Fat Bullock three years or more old, 15 00

Second best fat Bullock three years or more old, - .... 5 00

Fat Bullock two years old and under three, 6 00

Second best fat Bullock two years old and under three, - - * - • - - 3 00
Fat Cow three years or more old, - - - - - - - - - -10 00

Second best fat Cow three years or more old, 5 00

Fat Cow two years old and under three, 6 00

Second best fat Cow two years old and under three, 3 00

Judges— John Sherran, Ripley, O.; Nelson Prewitt, Montgomery; Franklin Riggs, Coving-
ton; David Diltz, Harrison; E. Thompson, Georgetown, O.

Alternates— Richard Kirk, Mason; Thomas Gurney, Mason; Alf. Chancellor, Mason; SamT
Taylor, Bracken; James Best, Bracken.

AVRESHIRE, ALDERNEYS, JERSEYS AND DEVONS.

Ayrshire, Alderney or Jersey Bull of any age, 15 00

Second best Ayrshire, Alderney or Jersey Bull of any age, 5 00

Ayrshire, Alderney or Jersey Cow of any age, - - - - - - 15 00

Second best Ayrshire, Alderney or Jersey Cow of any age, - - - - - 5 00

Devon Bull of any age, - 15 00

Second best Devon Bull of any age, 5 00

Devon Cow of any age, 15 00

Second best Devon Cow of any age, 5 00

Judges— J. R. Duncan, Paris; W. Clark, Sr., Brown county, O.; John Cunningham, Paris;
Chas Marshall, Fleming; John Bedford, Bourbon.

Alternates — Robt. Coleman, Col. C. C. Robinson, Jacob Sallee, Bracken; John B. Poyntz,
James Norris, Sr., Masoa.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

521

WORKING CATTLE.

Yoke of Oxen, - 6 00

Second best Yoke of Oxen, 3 00

Judges — S. B Curran, Claysville; Robert Bradford, Pendleton; John Mcllvain, Alf. Chan-
cellor, Mayslick; John Barker, Mason.

Alternates — Joseph Taylor, James M. Heck, Bracken; Thos. C. Osborne, Gen. S. Wortking-
ton, Mason; Benedict Kirk.

CATTLE FOR MILK — OPEN FOR ALL BREEDS.

Milk Cow, 6 00

Second best Milk Cow, 3 00

Judges — Henry Williams, Harrison; W. G. Woodson, Pendleton; John Hall, Carlisle; Benj.

Suddutb, Clarke; Jesse Jefferson, Sardis.

Alternates — Thos. Myers, G. Doggett, Andy Wells, Bracken; G. L. Forman, John B. Poyntz,

Mason.

SWEEPSTAKES FOR CATTLE.

Bull of any age or breed, 10 00

Cow of any age or breed, ------------ 10 00

Judges-- Robert Buchanan, Ohio; Wm. Redmon, Harrison; Richard Stowers, Falmouth;

Thos Cunningham, Paris; Dr. A. Watts, Chilicothe, Ohio.

Alternates— A. H. Pollock, W. P. Diltz, Bracken; R. C. Derritt, John S. Mitchell, Mason;

Jos. Whisuer, Bracken.

CLASS I.— FINE HORSES.

Stallion, three years old and over, 15 00

Second best Stallion, three years old and over, ..._•.. 5 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, - - - 6 00

Second best Stallion, two years old and under three, 3 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, - - - - 6 00

Second best Stallion, one year old and under two, 3 00

Sucking Stallion, 6 00

Second best Sucking Stallion, 3 00

Mare, three years old and over, 15 00

Second best Mare, three years old and over, 5 00

Mare, two years old and under three, 6 00

Second be9t Mare, two years old and under three, ...-.-- 3 00

Mare, one year old and under two, - - 6 00

Second best Ma.e, one year old and under two, 3 00

Sucking Mare Colt, 6 00

Second best Sucking Mare Colt, 3 00

Judges — Thomas Oliver, Poplar Plains; Dr. W. P. Buckner, Georgetown, O.; Frank Vimont,
Kentontown; W. S. Rogers, Paris; Henry Nichols, Harrison.

Alternates— A. H. Pullock, J. T. Bradford, Bracken; James McCreall, Fred. Weedon, John
S. Wells, Mason.

HARNESS HORSES.

Pair of Matched Horses, 10 00

Second best pair of Matched Horses, 5 00

Horse in Single Harness, - 10 00

Second best Horse in Single Harness, - 5 00

Stallion for Double or Single Harness, to be shown in harness, - - - - 10 00

Second best Stallion for Double or Single Harness, to be shown in harness, - - 5 00

Judges — Geo. Crane, Cincinnati; Jos. Downing, Lexington; H. L. Penn, Georgetown, O.;
Thomas Jackson, Maysville; W. W. Goddard, Covington.

Alternates — W. Daugherty, Jos. Doniphan, Alt'. Soward, Bracken; W. W. Baldwin, Frank
Pogue, Mason.

SWEEPSTAKES.

Stallion of any age, 10 00

Mare of any age, 10 00

Judges— Wm. Ragland, Bath; Robert Bowl, Bourbon; W. S. Buford, Versailles; C. C.
Rogers, Lexington; Caleb Walton, Cynthiana.

Alternates— Benj. Preston, W. W. Baldwin, Mason; Dr. I. Pollock, Dr. J. J. Bradford, W.
B. Orr, Bracken.

CLASS K.— JACKS AND JENNETS.

Jack three years old or more, 15 00

Second best Jack three years old or more, .......... -5 00

Jack two years old and under three, - 6 00

Second best Jack two years old and under three, - 3 00

522 REPORT OF THE

Jack one year old and under two, - 6 00

Second best Jack one year old and under two, --------3 00

Jack under one year old, ------------6 00

Second best Jack under one year old, ------ ---3 00

Jennet three years old or over, - - - - - - - - -15 00

Second best Jennet three years old or over, ........ 5 00

Jennet two years and under three, - 6 00

Second best Jennet two years old and under three, 3 00

Jennet one year and under two, 6 00

Second best Jennei one year old and under two, ....... 3 00

Jennet under one year old, - - - - - 6 00

Second best Jennet under one year old, ......... 3 00

Judges — L. B. Desha, Harrison; Thos. L. Brand, Pendleton; Jeff. Redmond, Millersburg;
Andrew Wilson, Flat Rock; Gabriel Salter, Lancaster.

Alternates — Frank Bradford, Augusta; Robert Thomas, Foster; O. P. Diltz, Milford; C. E.
Dimmitt, Benj. Kirk, Mason.

SWEEPSTAKE.

Jack of any ase, 10 00

Jennet of any *ge, - - - - - - - x 10 00

Judcjes — R. E. Miller, Millersburg; J. S. Williams, Cynthiana; Lewis Castleman, Lexing-
ton; Richard Heddleston, Flemingsburg; Thos. H. More, Winchester.

Alternates— E. W. Linn, C. C. Robinsin, Henry Anderson, Bracken; G. W. Wells, Benedict
Kirk, Mason.

MULES.

Best horse Mule, two years old and over, 6 00

Second best horse Mule, two years old and over, - - - - - - - 3 00

Bast horse Mule, one year old and over, 6 00

Second best horse Mule, one year old and over, 3 00

Best Mare Mule, two years old and over, ........ -6 00

Second best Mare Mule, two years old and over, 3 00

Best Mare Mule, one year* old and under two, 6 00

Second best Mare Mule, one year old and under two, - - - - - - 3 00

Best sucking Mare Mule, 6 00

Second best sucking Mare Mule, - - - 3 00

Best pair of Matched Mules in Harness, - - - 10 00

Judges — Joseph Liter, Fleming; W. G. Hedges, Harrison; Benjamin B. Groom, Winches-
ter; W. S. Rodders, Paris; Dr. J. T. Fleming, Flemingsburg.

Alternates — W. H. Reynolds, Bracken; Robert Coleman, Bracken; Jos. W. Wear, Mason;
James S. Mitchell, Mason; Evan Lloyd, Mason.

CLASS L—

SADDLE HORSES TO BE SHOWN UNDER THE SADDLE.

Best Gelding for the Saddle, 10 00

Second best Gelding for the Saddle, 5 00

Best Stallion for the Saddle, - - - - 15 00

Second best Stallion for the Saddle, - 5 00

Judges — Robert Mallory, Oldham; Dr. John Kirkpatric, "Cynthiana; E. P. Pearce, Pop-
lar Plains; Paul Longmore, Covington; H. L. Penn, Georgetown, Ohio.

Alternates— T. Pollock, Bracken; P. S. Blades, Bracken; Charles Fleming, Fleming; J. C.
Humphreys, Mason; J. D. Cushman, Mason.

EQUESTRIANS.

By boys under fourteen years in uniform as follows: Black Cap, Green Jacket, White Pants
of Plain Material.
Best Male Equestrian, -------- ...-700

Second best Male Equestrian, - - - .- - - - - - 5 00

Judges — J. W- Armstrong, Bracken; J. B. Clark, Bracken, Robert Pogue, Mason; E. H.
Franklin, Mason; W. L. Pearce, Mason.

ORDER OF EXHIBITION.

All articles will be received the first day, and placed in their appropriate places for exhibi-
tion, to remain in charge of the Superintendents during the Fair.

The Judges of articles will make their awards during the first day, and the premiums
will be announced, and the halls open to the public upon the second day.

First Day. — Draught Stock and Geldings, Sheep and Hogs. Hogs to be examined in the
pens. Fowls, Fine Harness and Saddle Mares. First in order after dinner will be Female
Equestrians.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 523

Second Day. — Cattle of all grades.

Third Day. — Fine Horses and Mares of all ages. Horses in Harness.
Fourth Day. — Jacks and Jennets, Mules, Saddle Horses. Boy's Riding Match.
Each day to close by an exhibition of the premium animals of that day, in the Ring.
The awards of the Judges will be announced as soon as the decision is made, and premium
animals designated by appropriate badges.

REGULATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

No member in arrears can compete for a prize.

Those who are not members may make Exhibitions by paying five dollars at the time of
entry.

Any person may become a member of the Society at any time before the Fair, by applica-
tion to F. A. Savage, Secretary, or B. W. Wood, Jr., Treasurer, and paying three dollars.

All entries must be made by nine o'clock on the day of Exhibition. If the entry be an
animal under one year old, the precise day of its birth shall oe given.

All stock and every article presented for Exhibition, shall be under the control of the
Marshal.

No aged animal that has taken a Premium from this Society, shall again compete for the
regular prizes, unless in a sweepstake without regard to age.

Exhibitors of horses shall elect, at the time of entry, in which class they will show,
(whether in fine or draft) and shall not show in any other class.

No owner of stock will be admitted into the ring when contending for a prize. Owner-
ship of stock withheld from the Judges.

No Piemiums will be awarded to any animal or article, unless the Judges shall deem such
worthy of it.

Judges of stock are requested to report themselves at the business office on the grounds, by
half past eight o'clock of the day on which they are to act in that capacity. Judges of ar-
ticles are requested to report themselves during the first day of the Fair.

Premiums of five dollais and over will be paid in silver plate — less than that amount, in
cash, unless otherwise provided for in the list.

In the Mechanical and Household departments, no person but the Manufacturer will be al-
lowed to exhibit; but the Wood workman or Iron-workman of Carriages, Carts, &c, may
enter jointly or individually; but one premium will be awarded, and that for the article com'
plete.

The Exhibition will open at ten o'clock each day. The Secretary and Treasurer will be
upon the ground at an early hour.

Admission to the grounds free to members and their families, (including females and ser-
vants and all males under twenty-one years.) All other persons will be charged twenty five
cents, with privilege of entering with carriage, hack, buggy, or on horseback, free from charge
on vehicle or animal.

No omnibus, carriage, hack, or buggy running for hire, can enter the grounds, but shall
discharge and receive passengers at the footman's gate.

The stalls upon the grounds are free for the stock to be exhibited, on the day such stock is
to be exhibited.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE UNION AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL
ASSOCIATION OF MASON AND BRACKEN COUNTIES, FOR 1857.

Plow, S. Yearsley, of Ohio, premium.

Cultivator, H. Patterson, premium.

Cutting Box, Wm. Piercy, premium.

Two horse Carriage, G. L Reese & Co., Augusta, premium.

One horse Buggy, G. L. Reese & Co., Augusta, premium.

Four or six horse Wagon, John McNutt, premium.

Two horse Wagon, Jos. S. Fronk, premium.

Lady's Saddle, John A. Black, premium.

524 REPORT OF THE

Pork Barrel, H. C. Sellers, premium.

Flour Barrel, H. C. Sellers, premium.

Gents Kine Boots, Miner & Larew, premium.

Gents Kip Boots, Miner & Larew, premium.

Ladies Slippers, Mrs. Dr. W. H. Russell, premium.

Overcoat, B. F. Walker, premium.

Frock or Dress Coat, H. Murphy, premium.

Pair Pants, B. F. Walker, premium.

Vest, Mrs. R. Lloyd, premium.

Shirt, Mrs. Saml. Firman, premium.

PRODUCTS OF THE SOIL.

One hundred pounds Water-rotted Hemp, E. L. Gault, premium.

One hundred pounds Dew rotted Hemp, E. L. Gault, premium.

Sample of Wheat, John E. French, premium.

Sample of Rve, N. Taliaferro, premium.

Sample of Oats, J. C. Savage, premium.

Sample of Corn in the ear, L. J and J. T. Bradford, premium.

Sample of Sweet Potatoes, A. Soward, premium.

Sample of Irish Potatoes, E. Williams, premium.

Lot of Garden Vegetables, A. Soward, premium.

FRUITS.

Winter Apples, C. A. Lyon, premium.
Summer and Fall Apples, C. A. Lyon, premium.
Pears, John Fee, premium.
Peaches, A. H. Pollock, premium.
Plums, L. B. Wells, premium.
Grapes, A. Soward, premium.
Domestic Wine, Mrs. Johu Mannen, premium.
Butter, Mrs. Benj. Kirk, premium.
Cheese, Mrs. Root. Power, premium.
Preserves, Mrs. Benj. Kirk, premium.
Hermertically Sealed Fruits, Mrs. Saml. Firman, premium.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Jeans, Mrs. Lydia Runyon, premium.

Flannel, Mrs. Charles Gordon, premium.

White Linsey, Mrs. George Straube, premium.

Wool Carpet, Mrs. Mary McCoy, premium.

Rag Carpet, Mrs. F. R. Perrie, premium.

Flax Linen, Mrs. V. Hamilton, premium.

Table Cloth. Mrs Mary Cushman, premium.

One dozen Yarn, Mrs. T. Owens, premium.

Pair Wool Socks, Mrs. John Osborne, premium.

Pair Wool Stockings, Miss Caroline Kelsey, premium.

Pair Silk Stockings, Miss Caroline Kelsey, premium.

Hearth Rug, home made, Miss McCoy, premium.

Silk Quilt, Miss Mary Jane Brooks, premium.

Worsted Quilt, Mrs Chas Osborne, premium.

Couuterpane, Eliz. Jennings, premium.

White Cotton Quilt, Mrs. J. B. Ryan, premium.

Patch work Quilt, Miss McCoy, premium.

Pair of Blankets, Mrs. Robt. Power, premium.

Ornamental Bed Spread, Mrs. B. D. Owens, premium.

Patch work Quilt by Misses, Miss Laura Clay, Jefferson, premium.

Silk or Velvet Bonnet, Mrs. Andrew Wells, premium.

Lady's Cloak, Mrs. George Straube, premium.

Ottoman, S. T. Firman, premium.

Chair Cover, Mrs. R. J. Hughey, premium.

Linen Worked Cape, Miss McCoy, premium.

Linen Worked Collar, Mrs. F. T. Hord, premium.

Best Painting in Oil, Miss Annie E. Kirk, premium.

Best Painting in Water Colors, Miss Annie E. Kirk, premium.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Three Hams, Richard Lloyd, premium.
Pickles, Mrs. John Curtiss, premium.
Lard, Mrs. Sarah Proctor, premium.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 525

POULTRY.

Black Shanghai Chickens, Milton Culbertson, premium.
Bramah Chickens, H. Patterson, premium.
Geese, Anthony Killgore, premium.

DRAFT H0RSE3.

Aged Stallion, four entries, Chas. Gordon, Mason, first premium; Ben. Kirk, Mason, second
premium.

Two year old Stallions, two entries, Chas. Day, Bracken, first premium; Darius Williams,
Bracken, second premium.

Sucking Stallion, four entries, Osgood Burgess, Mason, first premium; John C. Arthur, Ma-
son, second premium.

Aged Mares, fourteen entries, John W.Kimbro, Harrison, first premium; Anthony Killgore,
Mason, second premium.

Two year old Marcs, J. C Savage, Mason, premium.

Sucking Mare Colts, two entries, Chas. Gordon, Mason, first premium; Mrs. Amanda Per-
rine, Bracken, second premium.

SWEEPSTAKE FOR DRAUGHT STOCK.

Stallion, five entries, Chas. Gordon, premium.
Mare, three entries, Anthony Killgore, premium.

GELDINGS AND MARES.

Two year old Gelding for Harness or Saddle, three entries, Jas S. Pepper, Mason, first pre-
mium; Jesse Jefferson, Mason, second premium.

One year old Gelding, Chas. Osborne, Mason, premium.

Three year old Draft Gelding, three entries, J. L. Henderson, Covington, Ky., premium.

Mare in Single Harness, John W. Wallace, first premium; Therraan Pollock, Bracken,
second premium.

Saddle Mare, S. T. Forman, Mason, premium.

SHEEP FOR MIDDLE GRADES OF WOOL.

There were four premiums awarded to Henry Smoot of Mason, and for Coarse Wool one
premium awarded to J. A. Slack, of Mason.

SWINE.

One year old Boar, G. W. Tolleman, Bracken, premium.
Sucking Boar, Wm. Winter, Bracken, premium.
One year old Sow, Wm. Winter, Bracken, premium.
Sucking Sow, Wm, Winter, B;acken, premium.

CATTLE, FOR BEEF OR MILK.

Aged Bulls, three entries, Dr. J. F. McMillan, Nicholas, first premium; A. Soward, Bracken,
second premium.

Two year old Bulls, three entries, Henry Smoot, Mason, first premium; Robt. Pogue, Mason,,
second premium.

One year old Bulls, Ben. Jamieson, Mason, premium.

Sucking Bulls, J. F. McMillan, Nicholas, first premium; John M. Walton, Bracken, second
premium.

Aged Cows, ten entries, John M. Walton, Bracken, first premium, E. T. Currins, Mason,
second premium.

Two year old Cow, two entries, Jesse Jefferson, Mason, first premium; John M. Walton,
Bracken, second premium.

One year old Cows, Pogue & Chancellor, first premium; A. H. Wall, Mason, second pre-
mium.

Sucking Heifer Calf, eight entries, Mason and Bracken Importing Company, first preminm;
John M. Walton, Bracken, second premium.

FAT CATTLE.

Three year old Bullock, three entries, Wm. Chancellor, Mason, first premium; John C. Ar-
thur, Mason, second premium.

Two year old Bullock, Wm. Chancellor, first premium; Ben. Kirk, Mason, second premium.

Aged Fat Cow, Wm. Chancellor, Mason, first premium; Robt. Pogue, Mason, second pre-
mium.

WORK OXEN.

Six entries, John Chandler, Mason, first premium, HeDry Smoot, Mason, second premium.
Milk Cow, two entries, Alfred Chancellor, Ma9on, first premium; B. D. Owens, Mason, se-
cond premium.

CATTLE SWEEPSTAKE.

Bull, six entries, J. F. McMillan, Nicholas, premium.

Cows, ten entries, premium to Mason & Bracken Importing Company's "Lady Macbeth."

526 REPORT OF THE

THIRD DAY.

FINE HORSES.

Aged Stallions, thirteen entries, "Young Priam," owned by V. Tabb, Mason, first premium;
"Bellair," owned by Andrew Wilson, Bourbon, second premium.

Stallions, two years old, seven entries, E. W. Besc, Mason, first premium; William Knight,
Bourbon, second premium.

Stallions, one year old, ten entries, Wash. Redmon & Co., Bourbon, first premium; William
Wright, Bourbon, second premium.

Suckino- Stallion, sixteen entries, William Turney, Bourbon, first premium; Laban Letton,
Bourbon, second premium.

A CT ed Mares, ten entries, J. K. Hildreth, Harrison, first premium; Abner Best, Mason, se-
cond premium.

Mares, two years old, four entries, J. L. Arnold, Nicholas, first premium; Mrs. Martha
Smith, Mason, second premium.

Mares, one year old, tour entries, M. J. Rankin, Harrison, first premium; Wash. Redmon
& Co., Bourbon, second premium.

Suckino- Mare Colts, ten entries, R. L. Runyon, Mason, first premium; F. Pollock, Brack-
en, second premium.

HARNESS HORSES.

Pair Matched Horses, six entries, Marcus Finch, Covington, first premium; Laban Letton,
Bourbon, second premium.

SinMe Harness, six entries, E. E. Pearce, Fleming, first premium; R. A. Strouve, Bracken,
second premium.

Stallion, tor Single Harness, T. W. Lewis, Bourbon, first premium; F. H. Belt, Fleming,
second premium.

SWEEPSTAKE EOR FINE HORSES.

Stallions, twenty entries, Wash. Redmon & Co., Bourbon, p.-emium.
Mares, eight entries, M. J. Rankin, Harrison, premium.

JAGKS.

Aged Jacks, J. L. Arnold, first premium; Elias Hord, second premium.

Jacks, two years old, G. VV Wells, Mason, first premium; H. M. Dobyns, second premium.

Jacks, one year old, Franklin Latham, Mason, first premium.

Aged Jennet, Killgore & Wood, Mason, premium.

Jennets, one year old, R. J. Killgore, New Jersey, premium.

Sucking Jennets, G. W. Welis, Mason, premium.

SWEEPSTAKES FOR JACKS.

Best Jack, Elias Hord, Mason, premium.
Best Jennet, G. W. Wells, Mason, premium.

MULES.

Horse Mules, one year old, Geo. S. Worthington, premium.

Mare Mules, two year3 old, Thos. Matthews, Mason, first premium; F. M. Mclntyre, second
premium.

Mare Mule, one year old, J. H. Miller, Bourbon, first premium; C. A. Marshall, Mason,
second premium.

Sucking Mare Mule, C. A. Marshall, Mason, first premium; C. M Gibbons, Bracken, se
cond premium.

Pair Matched Mules, F. M. Mclntyre, Mason, premium.

SADDLE HORSES.

Best Gelding for saddle, E. E. Pearce, Fleming, first premium; P. A. Cushman, Ma30D,
second premium.

Stallion for saddle, J. H. Talbott, first premium; John Griffith, second premium.

EQUESTRIANS.

(By Boys under fourteen years old.)
First premium awarded to Cassius Henderson, of Covington, and second premium to John
Griffith, of Bourbon.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 527

WARREN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION.

Bowlinggreen, Nov. 27, 1857.
R. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. K S. A Society:

Dear Sir: — Yours of 24th instant, to Secretary Derrick, is received and contents
duly noted. I enclose list of premiums awarded at our last Fair.

In 1854 we had a Fair, without a regular organization, which was rather slimly attended.
In 1855 some thirty or forty of our citizens organized a Fair Ground Association, purchased
twelve acres of ground, enclosed itand fitted up an amphitheatre two hundred feet in diameter,
with seats for five or six thousand persons. An Agricultural and Mechanical Association was
formed of some two hundred members, to exist for five years, composed mainly of citizens
south of Barren river. Had a good display of stock, products, &c, &c In 1856 the Associ-
ation increased to two hundred and twenty five members; we had a better exhibition general-
ly, and it was more numerousty attended. In 1857 reduced price of membership to $2 50 in
hopes of increasing the membership. Our last fair (1857) was an improvement upon the oth-
ers in nearly every respect, except in numbers attending — the weather operating very much to
its prejudice. Stock was in better condition, and everything evidenced the improvement in
handling and fitting it for exhibition.

I regret my lack of time and ability to give you a full aecount of our Association.

Yours, respectfully, Til 0. C. CALVERT, Treasurer.

OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION.

Woodford Dulaney, President; N. S. Strange and R. Curd, Vice Presidents; F. C. Herrick,
Secretary; Thos. C. Calvert, Treasuier; G. W- Claypool, Lewis Potter, Peyton Cook, J. D.
Duncan, Miles Kelley, A. Covington, J. Y. Younglove, Directors; W. E. Duncan, Marshal.

PREMIUM LIST OF THE WARREN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHAN-
ICAL ASSOCIATION.

FIRST DAY.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

Fine Jeans, ten yards, mixed, 6 00

Fine Jeans, ten yards, brown, 5 00

Fine Jeans, ten yards, coarse, - 3 00

White Linsey, ten yards, 3 00

Linsey, striped or plaid ten yards, - 3 00

White Klannel, all wool, ten yards, 3 00

Wool Carpet, twenty yards, 8 00

Rtg Carpet, ten yards, 4 00

Pair Bed Blankets, all wool, - - - - 6 00

Pair Bed Blankets, cotton warp, 4 00

Woolen Coverlet, 4 00

Woolen Vest Pattern, 2 00

Woolen Hose, 2 00

Cotton Hose, 2 00

Woolen half Hose, 1 00

Cotton half Hose, 1 00

Same of either by girl under 12 years of age, sil.thim.

Linen Shirt, unstarched, - - 2 00

Linen Shirt, unstarched, by a girl, 100

Fancy Silk Bonnet, 4 00

White counterpane, 4 00

Table Linen, 2 00

Quilt, cotton, not patchwork, 8 00

Q'.ilt, cotton, patch work, 8 00

Quilt, worsted, patch work, 8 00

Quilt, silk, patch work, 8 00

Hearth Rug, 2 50

Flax Linen, ten yards, 3 00

Cotton Linen, ten yards, 2 00

Tow Linen, ten yards, 2 00

Pound Flax Thread, ail. thim.

528 REPORT OF THE

Judges— John Morton, Franklin; J. W. Fleeter, Scottville; Thos. G. Moss, Glasgow; Henry
Roberts, Russellville, L. Swearingen, Franklin; G. M. Proctor, Three Forks; C. B. Donald-
son and J. VV. Calvert.

PANTRY AND DAIRY.

Five pounds Butter, • 3 00

Loaf Bread, - 1 00

Two Hams, Tone boiled or baked,) - 2 50

Five pounds Honey, 2 00

Jar Pickles, - 1 00

Preserved Fruit in Cans, - 2 00

Barrel Flour, 5 00

Ten pounds Maple Sugar, 1 00

Judges — L. J. Procter, Mammoth Cave; Wilson Ritter, Barren; J. C. Mulligan, Allen; F.
S. Allison, Logan; A. Buckner, J. D. Allen, S. S. Jones, F. E. Goodsell.

FRUITS.

Bushel of Apples, 2 50

Ten pounds Grapes, 2 00

Gallon Native Wine, 1 00

Display of Fruits of all kinds, 5 00

VEGETABLES.

Bushel Irish Potatoes, 2 00

Bushel Sweet Potatoes, 2 00

Six bunches Cellery, ------- 1 00

Peck Turnips for table use, ... 1 00

Peck Beets, 1 00

Peck Parsnips, 1 00

Peck Onions, 1 00

Peck Tomatoes, 100

Six head of Cabbage, - 1 00

Judges — Z. R. Huggins, Barren; R. D. Salmons, Franklin; Jno. D. Courts, James Ford, W.
M. Housley, J. I. Younglove, J. S. Campbell, Dr. A. Covington.

FARM PRODUCTS.

Bushel Wheat - • 2 00

Bushel Oats, 2 00

Bushel Rye, 2 00

Bushel Bread Corn, half shelled, 2 00

Bushel Stock Corn, half shelled, 2 00

Bushel Clover Seed, raised in Warren, - 5 00

Bushel Timoth Seed, .....'. 2 00

Bushel Orchard Grass Seed, 2 00

Bushel Blue Grass Seed, 2 00

Display of Pumpkins, 1 00

Five pounds Tobacco, shipping, 5 00

Five pounds Tobacco, .stemming, ----- 5 00

Judges — N. Hampton, Simpson: Uriah Porter, Allen; George D. Biakey, T. L. S. Proctor,
Logan; T. D. Carson, Butler; George Anthony, Allen; W. B. Rogers, B.irren; E. M. Cov-
ington, R. H. Webb, A. C. Dickerson, William Brown, Jr., Henry Potter, and W. T. Fant.

SECOND DAY.

MECHANICAL.

Carriage, 5 00

Buggy, 5 00

Set Double Harness, - - - - 5 00

Set Single Harness, 5 00

Set Wagon Harness, 5 00

Man's Saddle and Bridle, 5 00

Side Saddle and Bridle, 5 00

Four Horse Wacon, 10 00

Two Horse Wagon, 8 00

Two Horse Plow for sod, 5 00

Two Horse Plow for stubble, - - - - - 5 00

Two Horse Plow for sub-soil, - 5 00

One Horse Plow, 2 50

Horse Cart, 2 50

Wheat Fan, 3 00

Straw Cutter, - - - ... . . 2 00

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

529

Corn Sheller, 2 00

Harrow, - 1 00

Grain Cradle, 2 00

Hay Rake, 2 00

Ox Yoke, 1 00

Judges— R. L. Douthat, Simpson; John D. Courts, Barren; B. Swearingen, Simpson; W.
T. Herndon, A. Loving, J.D. Allen, and Samuel Murrell.

Side Sole Leatber, - , 2 00

Side Upper, £00

Side Harness, .-..--------- 11 00

Side Skirting, 2 00

Pair Men's Boots, 3 00

Pair Men's Shoes, 2 00

Pair Lady's Boots, 2 00

Pair Lad'v's Shoes, 1 50

Pair Child's Shoes, 1 00

Pair Coarse Boots, 3 00

Pair Coarse Shoes, 1 00

Judges— S. B. Follis, Allen; G. S. Vick, Logan; W, B. Morris, J. E. Robinson, S. J. Hall,
P. Thomas.

Suit Clothes, 10 00

Silk or Fur Hat, 3 00

Wool Hat, 1 00

Judges — John Loving, L. A. Graham, and J. H. McGoodwin.

Wardrobe, 3 00

Dressing Bureau, 3 00

Set Split Bottom Chairs, 3 00

Pork Barrel, 2 00

Flour Barrel, 1 00

Half Dozen Brooms, 1 00

Half Dozen Split Baskets, 1 00

House Joiner's Work, 5 00

Judges— W. E. Graham, W. C. Valentine, R. Fioyd, D. B. Campbell, W. H. Payne, W.
C. Perry, J. E. Browning.

CATTLE.

Bull, three years old and upwards, - - - 10 00

Bull, two years old and under three, 8 00

Bull, one year old and under two, - 6 00

Bull, under one year old, ........... 500

Milch Cow, three years old and under four, - 10 00

Milch Cow, two years and under three, --------- 8 00

Milch Cow, one year and under two, - 6 00

Heifer, under one year old, .-...- . - 5 00

Yoke of Oxen, 10 00

Fat Bullock, Cow or Heifer, 8 00

Judges — George T. Wood, Hart; Wm. Newman, Edmondson; John T. Rogers, Barren; W.
H. Wooten, Simpson; Wm. Flood; Til. Offutt, Logan; Tyler Adams; H. T. Arnold.

SHEEP.

Buck, Long Wool. 5 00

Ewe, Long Wool, 5 00

Pair of Lambs, Long Wool, 5 00

Buck, Middle Wool, 5 00

Ewe, Middle Wool, 5 00

Pair of Lambs, Middle Wool, 5 00

Buck, Fine Wool, 5 00

Ewe, Fine Wool, 5 00

Pair of Lambs, Fine Wool, 5 00

Judges— Y,. B. Crane; John Clayton, Barren; Jos. Offutt, Logan; W. K. Smith; A.C.Dick
erson; E. M. Covington.

HOGS.

Boar, 10 00

Sow, 10 00

Pair of Pigs, under six months old, - - - - 10 00

Five Fat Hugs, 5 00

Judges— H. L. Gillum, Logan; D. D. Turner, Simpson; John R. Hill; B. C. Smith; E.
Claypool; James Ford.

530 REPORT OF THE

JACKS, JENNETS AND MULES.

Jack three years old and upwards, 10 00

Jack two years old and under three, lfl 00

Jack one year old and under two, - - 10 00

Jack under one year old, ----------- 5 00

Jennet three years old and upwards, 10 00

Jennet two year old and under three, - 10 00

Jennet one year old and under two, -10('0

Jennet under one year old, ----.-....-500

Mule two years old and upwards, - . - - 10 00

Mule one year old and under two, 10 00

Mule of any age, - - - ■ - - - - 10 00

Judges — Wm. Barnett; G. P. Ewing, Logan; Saml. Hatfield, Simpson; Luther Porter, Al-
len; John Buntin, Tennessee; Moses Hess; B. H. Covington; Jerry A. Robinson; Joel More-
head.

THIRD DAY.

BLOODED HORSES.

Stallion, three years old and upwards, 10 00

Stallion, two years old and under three, 10 00

Stallion, one year old and under two, - ^ 8 00

Stallion, under one year old, 5 00

Mare, three years old and upwards, ----- 10 00

Mare, two years old and under three, 10 00

Mare, one year old and under two, .-•-.. 8 00

Mare, under one year old, 5 00

(Certificate and Pedigree required.)

Judges— George Elliott, Tennessee; Dr. Joel Owsley, Cumberland; E. Bacon, Christian;
John H. Wood; G. P. Ewing, Logan; John Burton, Allen; John Matthews, Barren; Edmund
Duncan, Sr.; G. Chapman.

DRAFT HORSES.

Stallion three years old and upwards, 10 00

Stallion two years old and under three, - 10 00

Stallion one year old and under two, - - - 8 00

Stallion under one year old, 5 00

Mare three years old and upwards, • - - - - - - - - 10 00

Mare two years old and under three, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Mare one year old and under two, 8 00

Mare under one year old, 5 00

Judges — Dr. N. Conn, Jos. OfFnt, Dr. B. F. Ray, Logan; J. B. Hagcrman, Jos. Covington, P.
J. Potter, F. W. Jackson, T. B. Gossom.

SADDLE HORSES.

Stallion three years old and upwards, - - - 10 00

Stallion two years old and under three, 10 00

Stallion one year old and under two, --------- 8 00

Stallion under one year old, 5 00

Saddle Gelding, 10 00

Second best Saddle Gelding, .... . - - 8 00

Judges — Dr. A. C. Frank I'm, Tennessee; Moses Hilliard, Green; T. B. Harrison, Logan-,
Allen Matthews, Barren; B. M. Wilkerson, Simpson; D. Stovall, Allen; 11. Garnet, ri. J.
Hall, Geo. Wright.

HARNESS HORSES.

Stallion three years old and upwards, 10 00

Stallion two years old and under three, -.......- 10 00

Stallion one year old and under two, ... 8 CO

Stallion under one year old, - 5(0

Mare three years old and upwards, ---------- 10 00

Mare two years old and under three, - - 10 00

Mare one year old and under two, 8 00

Mare under one year old, - - - - - - - - -- - 5 10

Pair Geldings or Mares in Harness, - - - - - - - - 10 00

Single Gelding Or Mare in Harness, 10 00

Judges — B M. Wilkerson. Simpson; Jno. II. MeMillen, Monroe; Saml. Robinson, Green;

Dr. S. P Taylor, Col. J. S. Barlow, John T. G.issaway, Barren; T. B. Harrison, Geo. Morton,
Logan; W. R. Coviugton, E. C. Smith, S. W. Brents, W. E. Duncan.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 531

RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR THE FAIR OF 1857.

The exhibition will commence each day at 8}-^ o'clock, A. M., by which time, to avoid de-
lay and confusion, all entries must be made.

Entries for the first day's exhibition may be made for two days previous to the Fair. En-
tries for subsequent days should be made each evening after the exhibition closes, by the Sec-
retary on the grounds or at his office in town, where the books will be kept open until 10 o'-
clock at night.

It is highly important that all entries should be made at the office in town the day previous to
the exhibition, as the time for positively closing the books (B)^ o'clock") will allow no time for
making entries in the morning on the Fair Grounds.

The Judges are requested to report themselves to the President at his office on the day on
which they are to act.

Persons not members of the Association will be charged for competing for Premiums aa
follows:

For a premium of $5 or less, $2 00

For a premium of $5 or over, 5 00

Members of the Association are not permitted to compete for a premium with an article of
which they are not the real owners, without payment of the regular charge for entry.

All manufactured articles for exhibition must be home made.

All stock, and every article offered for exhibition, shall be under the control of the Marshal.

No animal will be allowed to compete for more than one premium ; t the same Fair.

No Stallion, Mare, Bull, Jack, or Jennet four years old, shall be permitted to compete for a
premium unless it has proven itself a breeder.

All farming utensils must be exhibited by the makers only.

No person shall be allowed to enter the ring where the stock and other articles are placed on
exhibition, except the Judges, President, Vice Presidents, Directors, Marshals, and Secretary,

No premium shall be awarded where but one article or animal is exhibited, unless the Judg-
es shall decide that such article or animal is worthy of a premium.

Marks of any kind, or other indications of ownership, are to be rigidly excluded from all
articles competing for premiums.

Sales at auction, for the benefit of those who may desire to dispose of stock, or other
articles, will be made on Saturday, the 3d of October, on the grounds. Those desiring the
services of an auctioneer, will please give notice at the Secretary's office.

All Premiums amounting to five dollars and upwards, to be paid in plate— all under that
eum to be paid in gold coin or plate.

PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE WARREN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND
MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION, FOR 1857.

FIRST DAY.

Fine mixed Jeans, Mrs. J. D. Duncan, Warren, premium.
Fine brown Jeans, Mrs. Isaac Smith, Barren, premium.
Coarse Jeans, Mis. Isaac Smith, Barren, premium.
White Luisey. Mrs. L. L. Cooke, Warren, premium.
Plaid Linsey, Mis L. L. Cooke, Warren, premium.
Flannel, all wool, Mrs. Isaac Smith, Barren, premium.
Wool Carpet, Mrs. A. C Franklin, Sumner county, Tennessee, premium-
Bed Blankets, all wool, Mrs. B. K. Tully, Logan, premium.
Bed Blankets, cotton warp, Mis E. C Rt-vis, VVarren, premium.
Woolen Coverlet, Mrs. Alfred Simmons, Warren, premium.
Wo den Vest Pattern, Mrs- L. L. Cooke, Warren, premium,
Wool Hose, Mis. L. L Cooke, VVarren, premium.
Cotton Hose, Mis. V. Crosihwait., Warren, premium.
Woolen Half Hose, Mrs. P. J. Belcher, Butler, premium.
Cotton Half Hose, Mis. E Duncan, Jr., VVarren, premium.

Cotton Half Hose, by a girl under twelve years old, Miss Duncan, Warren, premium.
Liueu Shirt, Mrs. Agatha Strange, VVarren, premium.

532 REPORT OF THE

Linen Shirt by a girl under twelve years of age, Miss Belle Potter, premium.

Fancy Silk Bonnet, Miss Annie Strmge, Warren, premium.

White Counterpane, Miss Annie Strange, Warren, premium.

Table Linen, Mrs. E. Duncan, Jr., Warren, premium.

White Cotton Quilt, not patchwork, Mrs. W. H. Payne, Warren, premium

Cotton Patchwork Quilt, Mrs. D. C- Smith, Warren, premium.

Worsted Patchwork Quilt, Mrs. Saml. Stubbins, Warren, premium.

Silk Patchwork Quilt, Mrs. M. M. Murphy, Nelson, premium.

Hearth Rug, Mrs. Wm E. Wade, Barren, premium.

Butter, Miss C. Buckner, Warren, premium.

Loaf Bread, Mrs. S- Stubbins; Warren, premium.

Boiled Ham, Mrs. J. Duncan, Warren, premium.

Honey, Jos. McCormick, Warren, premium.

Jar Pickle, Mrs. L. L Cooke, Warren, premium.

Preserved Fruit, Mrs. J. I. Younglove, Warren, premium.

Specimen of Grapes, Jas. Fora, Warren, premium.

Bushel of Apples, Alex. Loving, Warren, premium.

Specimen of Native Wine, Mrs. W. L. Underwood, Warren, premium

Bushel of Irish Potatoes, Elijah W. Hill, Warren, premium.

Bushel of Sweet Potatoes, Wm. E. Duncan, Warren, premium.

Turnips, for table use, A. Loving, Warren, premium.

Beets, John S. Jones, Warren, premium.

Onions, J. K, McGoodwin, Warren, premium,

Six Head of Cabbage, W. H. Wheeler, Warren, premium.

Bushel of Wheat, J. L. Harpool, Warren, premium.

Bushel of Bread Corn, E. Duncan, Jr., Warren, premium.

Bushel of Stock Corn, E. Duncan, Jr , Warren, premium.

Orchard Grass Seed, Saml. Stubbins, Warren, premium.

Display of Pumpkins, Elijah W. Hill, Warren, premium.

Barrel of Flour, John L. Row, Warren, premium.

Suit of Clothes, John L. Shower, Warren, premium.

Fancy Cake, Thos. Randolph, Warren, premium.

SECOND DAY.

Set Double Harness, Peter Thomas, Warren, premium.

Single Harness, R. E. Miles, Louisville, premium.

Wagon Harness, Peter Thomas, Warren, premium.

Man's Saddle and Bridle, P. Thomas, Warren, premium.

Two horse Plow for stubble, S. W. Sumpter, Warren, premium.

Side Sole Leather, D. H. Philips, Warren, premium.

Man's Shoes, John Hosking, Warren, premium.

Lady's Boots, John Hosking, Warren, premium.

Lady's Slippers, John Hosking, Warren, premium.

Child's Gaiters, John Hosking, of Warren, premium.

Three year old Bull and upwards, Wm. Halsell, Warren, premium.

One year old Bull and upwards, T. L. Burnam, premium.

Bull under one year old, Dr. A. Covington, premium.

Milch Cow three years old and upward, Isaac Walton, Warren, premium

Milch Cow two years old and under three, S. A. Barclay, Warren, premium

Milch Cow one year old and under two, J. R. Curd, Warren, premium.

Sucking Heifer Calf, J. D. Duncan, Warren, premium.

Yoke of Oxen, Joseph Covington, Warren, premium.

Fatted Bullock, S. Y. Garrison, Warren, premium.

Long-wool Buck, B. K. Tully, Logan, premium.

Long wool Ewe, B. K. Tully, Logan, premium.

Middle wool Buck, Isaac Walton, Warren, premium

Middle wool Ewe, W. K. Smith, Warren, premium.

Pair Middle -wool Lambs, Thompson Gossom, Warren, premium.

Fine wool Buck, Woodford Dulaney, Warren, premium.

Fine wool Ewe, Woodford Dulaney, Warren, premium.

Aged Boar, Miles Kelly, Warren, premium.

Aged Sow, J. R. Curd, Warren, premium.

Pair Pigs under six months old, J. R. Curd, Warren, premium.

Jack two years old and upwards, V. T. Smith, Warren, premium.

Jack two years old and under three, James Jackson, Warren, premium.

Jack one year old and under two, A. C. Dickerson, Warren, premium.

Jack under one year old, Miles Kelly, Warren, premium.

Jennet three years old and upwards, H. B. Tully, Logan, premium.

Jennet two years old and under three, R. C. Bowling, Logan, premium

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 533

Jennet one year old and under two, H. B. Tully, Logan, premium.
Jennet under one year old, H. B. Tully, Logan, premium.
Mule two years old and upwards, M. H. Maupin, Barren, premium.
Mule one year old and under two, W. G. Roberson, Warren, premium.
Sacking Mule under one year old, W. G. Roberson, Warren, premium.
Mule of any age, John H. Page, Allen, premium.

THIRD DAY.
Sucking Mare Colt, harness, Woodford Dulaney, Warren, premium.
Saddle Stallion, two ypars old, Joseph Potter, Warren, premium.
Staddie Stallion, one year old and under two, P. W. Drake, Warren, premium,
rltrness Stallion, one year old, Thomas Potter, Warren, premium.
Aged Saddle Stallion, William K- Smith, Warren, premium.
Saddle Filly, one year old, Charles Asher, Warren, premium.
Harness Filly, one year old, J. F. Ewing, Warren, premium.
Aged Saddle Mare, John Page, Allen, premium.
Sucking Colt, John Page, Allen, premium.
Aged Blooded Stallion, S. P. Taylor, Barren, premium.
Blooded Stallion, one year old, S. P. Taylor, Barren, premium.
Harness Stallion, two years old, Jacob Yost, Logan, premium.
Sucking Blooded Stallion, Allen Matins, Barren, premium.
Blooded Filly, one year old, Allen Mathis, Barren, premium.
Pair Harness Geldings in Harness, W. G. Roberson, Warren, premium.
Single Gelding in Harness, Wm. G. Roberson, Warren, premium.
Saddle Gelding of any age, W. G. Roberson, Warren, premium.
Harness Mare, three years old. Alex. Graham, Warren, premium.
Aged Mare, Blooded Stock, R. W. Ogden, Warren, premium.
Sucking Filly, Blooded Stock, R. W. Ogden, Warren, premium.
Aged Mare, Draft Stock, Isaac Covington, Warren, premium.
Saddle Filly, two years old, Morris Taylor, Barren, premium.
Draft Filly, two years old, John Barks, Barren, premium.
Harness Filly, two years old, John Ronald, Warren, premium.
Saddle Gelding of any age, E. W. Burr, Logan, second premium.
Aged Harness Stallion, J. C. McFerran, Warren, premium.
Aged Draft Stallion, Slaughter J. Hall, Warren, premium.
Sucking Colt, Harness Stock, Slaughter J. Hall, Warren, premium.
Colt, one year old, Saddle Stock, W. H. Wheeler, Warren, premium.

From the Bowlinggreen Gazette, of October 7, 1357-
THE WARREN COUNTY FAIR.

The Fourth Annual Fair of the Warren County Agricultural and Mechanical Association
commenced last Wednesday and continued until Friday evening.

The first day was devoted to the exhibition of articles of Domestic Manufacture, Dairy
and Pantry, Fruits, Vegetables, and Farm Products. The number of entries for this day ex-
ceeded that of last year, there being one hundred and seventy seven last year, and one hun-
dred and ninety this year. The number and quality of the articles of Domestic Manufacture
were alike creditable to the skill and enterprise of the ladies. We never saw a greater va-
riety of more elegantly designed and artistically and tastefully wrought Quilts, Needle-work,
&c, than were shown on Wednesday last at the Fair Grounds. But as business engage-
ments prevented us from remaining to see the entire day's exhibition, we cannot give as de
tailed an account as we would desire of the articles prepared by the fairy fingers of the la-
dies.

The Dairy and Pantry, next in order, came in for their share of the honors, and presented
some specimens of excellent butter, pickles, honey, preserved fruits, &c. There was, also, a
creditable display of fruits, vegetables, and farm products. Indeed, throughout every depart-
ment, a commendable spirit of emulation and rivalry was evinced.

The number in attendance was as large as that of the corresponding day of last year, and
was composed of peaceable and orderly spectators.

On the second day were exhibited the products of the Mechanic Arts, cattle, sheep, hogs,
jacks, jennets, &c. Of these there were about as many entries as were made last year, though
in some departments the exhibitions were inferior.

The entries in the Mechanical department were not so numerous as last year, tho' the arti-
cles exhibited were equal, in point of design and skill in their manufacture, and in many cases
superior. A suit of clothes, made by Mr. John L. Shower, attracted special attention.

There were very few entries of cattle and sheep, and consequently a slim show. Of the
evening's exhibition, when the hogs, jacks, jennets, &c.,were shown, we cannot speak, as we
were t not in attendance.

The third day was, by far, the most interesting and exciting to all classes, and attracted a
much larger crowd, although the weather was inclement and not at all favorable to a general

534 REPORT OF THE

turn out of the people. This day was devoted to the exhibition of blooded, draft, saddle, and
harness horses of every age. There was a very slight decrease upon last year's number of
entries, though we think the stock exhibited were in much better condition, more thoroughly
trained, and made, altogether, a more creditable show. In many cases the contest was long
and close, and it was often difficult to select the best two to wear the blue and red ribbons.

Of Saddle Horses there were a large number of entries, among which were some noble spec-
imens and fleet.

The exhibition of Harness Horses was interesting and exciting; and notwithstanding the
entries were not so numerous as were made of saddle stock, there were shown in this depart-
ment the finest animals exhibited during the day.

We believe the decisions of the Judges were genceally satisfactory, and in accordance with
the merits of the articles and stock exhibited in every deparment.

Altogether, our Fair passed off pleasantly, and those who attended appeared to enjoy it to
its close, when all were willing to exchange the bustle and confusio-n lor the quiet ot their
homes.

REPORTS FROM COUNTIES.

To obtain the Agricultural statistics of each comity in the State is a
fine field of usefulness for the State Agricultural Society, especially as
this information is not otherwise fulty obtained.

This was a duty not contemplated and provided for in the charter
of the Society, yet so desirable to be done that it was thought best to
attempt it with the best means at command. For that purpose the
same circular and written letters which were addressed to the Presi-
dent of each County Society, were also addressed to some intelligent
and prominent citizen in each county, requesting him to give a report
for his county, of the location, soil, crops, stock, minerals and mineral
w r aters, timber, navigable waters and water power, &c. Where there
was an organized Society the President was requested to make the
report for that county. It is to be regretted that from many counties
there is no report, but more could not have been expected in a meas-
ure so new. If all had reported, a history of the physical and Agri-
cultural and Mechanical condition of the State would have been pre-
sented of incalculable value in the business operations and even in
the Legislation of the State.

But reports have been received from seventeen counties, which are
enough to demonstrate the utility and importance of the measure, and
to secure it is hoped, fuller reports in future.

It is worthy of enquiry if such a duty should not be required by law
of the Assessor of each county, who could make it with but little ad-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 535

ditional labor, and who could render it in each year in time to be in-
serted in the volume of reports for the previous year, or for the same
year as might be most advisable.

The grateful acknowledgments of the community, and of the Ken-
tucky State Agricultural Society are tendered to the intelligent and
public spirited gentlemen who have sent the reports of their counties.
Many of them will be found to contain much interesting and useful in-
formation, tbe dissemination of which cannot fail to be highly benefi-
cial to the counties.

By the publication of these reports they will serve somewhat as
forms and illustrations, by the aid of which, together with the plans
more fully pointed out in the report of the Corresponding Secretary,
on page 299, it is hoped that more detailed and accurate reports will be
furnished of every county in the State for publication in the next vol-
ume of the Society.

REPORT FROM BARREN COUNTY.

Barren county is one of the largest counties in extent in the State, and in population is per
haps the largest, leaving out the cities. It possesses no minerals. It has a diversity of soil*
the larger portion of winch, especially in the district called the Barrens, is quite productive.
The principal productions are corn, oats, wheat, and tobacco. It would be a fair estimate to
put down the quantity of wheat at eighty thousand bushels, and of tobacco at two thousands
hogsheads.

There is an abundance of timber to supply all wants for building and fencing purposes , and
except in a few locations, there is plenty of water. Big Barren river runs across the southern
portion, and Little Barren river across the Northern, and Beaver creek near the center. There
are also on the south and west, Peter's and Schegg's creeks. Upon these streams mills are sit
uated at convenient distances, which supply the people in their vicinity with meal, flour, and
1 umber. There is also in Glasgow a large steam saw and grist mill.

Respectfully, &c, HENRY C. CRENSHAW

REPORT FROM DAVIESS COUNTY.

At the June meeting of Daviess County Agricultural and Mechanical Society, held in Owens-
boro, the Rev. II. H Hopkins, Doctor Sterman, George W. Triplett, and Wm. Bell, were ap-
pointed a committee to report on the soil, products, timber, minerals, live stock, improvements
of town, &c, with such other matters as appeared to them right and proper, and to forward the
same to R. W. Scott, Corresponding Secretary of Kentucky State Agricultural Society.

Soil. The lands of Daviess county may be divided into three classes.

1. The river bottoms, of which nothing need be said except that, in fertility, they can hard-
ly be surpassed, and are inexhaustable by any continuance of cultivation.

2. What is usually called upland. This is the high dry land of the county. Of this there
are very large bodies, much of which is very rich, some second rate, and some poor in ap-
pearance, yet producing crops much beyond the expectation of a stranger.

3. There is what is commonly cMed flats. These constitute also a large part of the county.
They were looked upon in former times as nearly worthless, but now they are coming to be

536 REPORT OF THE

regarded as the most valuable portion of onr lands. When cleared and cultivated they be-
come dry, and present a soil the most pulverisable and productive, and amply reward the la-
bors of the husbandman. Waste land is a rare thing in the county. Thousands of acres may
be found together without a square foot of untilable surface. Some parts of our county may
be said to be hilly, some to be gently and some more boldly undulating, and some nearly level.
It is of a portion of these level lands we sometimes hear people say "they are poor crawfishy
lands." But we take this opportunity of saying that the presence of crawfish is neither indi-
cative of rich land nor poor land, but simply of wet land. Wet, at least, in that season of the
year when crawfish go forth to labor. But these aborigines of the soil soon vanish before the
plow, the harrow, the scythe, and the tramp of the feet of cattle.

Products. First of all, and ahead of all, comes the corn crop. Thousands upon thousands
of bushels are annually shipped southward from our Ohio and Green river bottoms. The soil
of the rich lands of the county, when well plowed and cultivated, stands drouth to a very won-
derful degree. Hence, during the last few years, so remarkable for their dry summers, Da-
viess county has probably produced more corn than any other county in the State of no greater
agricultural surface. Strangers from the upper and older counties of the State have often ex-
pressed their surprise at the superiority of the crops here to those which they had left behind
them.

Tobacco is another main staple, and is not surpassed in quality, or in quantity, per acre,
by any other tobacco growing region in the State. The "Yellow Banks Tobacco" has a char
acter of its own in New Orleans and Liverpool.

The present season has proved that Wheat also may become one of the great and profita-
ble products of the country. Probably no finer fields of this, finest of all the grains, could be
ound in the nation, than some which have been raised among us this season. Larger por-
tions of land have been put in wheat than ever before, and greater pains had been taken to do
it well.

Rye and Oats usually prosper and are pretty certain crops in almost any season.

The Grasses. We have not noticed in any of the upper counties any such variety of natu-
ral grasses as grow here. They spring up rapidly in our deadenings, and cattle soon grow fat
upon them. As to the artificial grasses, clover, timothy, orchard grass, and red top, they all
do, not only well, but better than in the rich and better improved counties of the State. This
is accounted for, not from the fertility of the soil alone, but from its adaptation to retain
moisture. All that is necessary to blue grass here, is to give it a fair chance. While men
are sleeping on, doubting its adaptation to our soil, it is silently and benevolently taking pos-
session of the uncultivated and sunny spots on the farms. Some of the farms in the beech
woods refute the folly which asserts, that blue grass cannot flourish here.

Potatoes have heretofore been a rather uncertain crop, except in the hands of some men,
which would seem to indicate that failure was the result of bad management; rather than of
soil or season.

Melons are commonly good and abundant.

Apples and Peaches flourish, but are often injured by spring frosts.

Pears, Cherries and Plums have not been sufficiently tested to say much about them.

All garden vegetables are most abundant and fine.

About three-fourths of the country is still in its forest state.

Live Stock. Our county is far behind what it should be, in regard to stock of the varied
kinds, originating from the following causes, namely: being one of the first tobacco growing
districts in Southern Kentucky, and, as before stated, only one fourth of its surface redeemed
ho agricultural purposes — this one fourth of the soil occupied by a population of about four-
teen thousand — necessarily reduces the size of farms far below that required for rapid and
profitable stock producing. Again: our farmers are well assured that tobacco yields a heavier
income than any other products of the soil; yet a few of our larger farmers are giving over
tobacco raising, well knowing its deteriorating effects upon the soil. The intelligent, and
those that have a just conception of the picturesque, can appreciate the favorable appearance
of a grass growing, over a tobacco growing country; consequently, several of our largest and

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 537

most intelligent farmers are awakened to the necessity of (and creeping, slowly to be sure, in-
to a spirit of,) stock improvement, which, we have no doubt, will grow more rapidly as our
immense forests yield to the axe of our husbandman, induced by a spirit of emulation, awa-
kened by the improved appeacan.ee of their neighbor's farms, and more generally by the ex-
hibitions at our district and State Fairs.

Hogs. — Already, in the item of hogs, this county has taken a high stand, and in that product
is the fourth county in the State, as per reports for 1857; and we think it may be fairly con
eluded that it will not only maintain that position, but advance to be the very first. The va-
riety reared is a mongrel breed. The Woburn, Grasier, and Berkshire crossed being the prin-
cipal breed, and making a large, active, and thrifty animal.

Horses are generally of an exceedingly inferior grade, comparatively few persons, with us,
paying a suitable or proper attention to the breeding and rearing of this noble and useful
animal. The rearing is far more defective than breeding. Almost universally the young
horses, when fed at all, (which is rarely and never except by some of the grass producing men,)
get only grain, and that in small and insufficient quantities; whilst the range furnishes what"
ever else is necessary to sustain a feeble vitality, which is sure to produce an improperb' de-
veloped physical system, and consequently a perverted constitution, beset by disease on all
sides, especially big shoulder and big head. Breeders of a good class, either for the saddle,
harness, or draft, are very rare in our county. So far as we know there is but one horse having
any claims to improved stock now standing in the county, and one claiming to be a draft horse*
We think our people are waking up on this subject, and new enterprises in breeding is spread-
ing and extending rapidly from fanner to farmer; and harness, saddle, or draft stallions sent
to Daviess would be fairly encouraged and remunerated.

Cattle — Much more attention, by raisers, has been bestowed upon horned cattle than upon
horses, and they appear much more favorably than horses. The better breeds have been in-
troduced by many farmers; but great defect in the crossing and rearing has rendered the pro-
duce not as valuable, by one fourth at least, as it should be; but this is being rapidly overcome
by a juster appreciation of crossing and a more correct standard of feeding; and we think the
county bids fair to be a good, if not one of the very best, cattle growing counties in the State.

Sheep. — But little attention, and few attempts have been made in breeding and rearing
sheep. But those who have attempted it have succeeded as well, though in a small way, as
could be desired; and we are satisfied that this department of stock growing will surely and
gradually increase to a valuable and profitable standard.

Mules. — But few mules are raised, for the obvious reasons, which limit to so great a degree
the amount of all other stock with us; but circumstances are growing favorable, and we may
safely say flattering, in this department. Poultry of every variety is profitable and good.

Minerals, Rocks, Clays, &c, of Daviess County, Kentucky. The Bon Harbor Coal
Mines, three miles below Owensboro', were opened over thirty years ago, and have been ex-
tensively worked. The coal is of good quality, and the seams average about five feet in
thickness. Coal is known to be in all the broken or hilly sections of the county, cropping out
on the hill sides, in the banks and beds of creeks and branches, and has also been found in
various localities in sinking wells, at from ten to thirty feet below the surface of the ground;
in fact the whole county is within the coal field; hill and vale is underlayed with workable
seams, of from three to five feet of uniform good quality, and some of them superior. The
Wolf Hill coal, ten miles South East of Owensboro', has been tested and found to leave less
than two per cent, of ashes.

Iron Ore has been found in various localities, very near the coal, and doubtless exists in
every hill where the coal is found, but whether in such quantity and richness as to justify the
erection of furnaces, has not been determined.

Salt. From the barings made in Henderson county by J. G. Holloway and Col. Burbank,
nearl west of Owensboro', and by Mr. Fields, (some years since,) south east of Owensboro',
and from the general dip of the salt bearing shale, as laid down by Dr. Owen, in his able Ge-
ological report, there seems to be not a doubt but we can obtain a rich and abundant supply of
salt-water at from five to six handred feet, equal to the famous Kauawha Salines. We need

538 REPORT OF THE

the capital, and the energy to use the capital, in the proper development of our natural ad-
vantages; with these it would be but a few years before we would cease to pay out immense
sums for these and many other articles of necessity, in place we would be in large receipts
from abroad, for the manufacture of articles, the materials for which are lying dormant under
our feet, and all around us.

Rocks. Our county is emphatically not a rocky county. We have but little stone of any
kind, as a general thing. Limestone exists in a few localities, and in small quantity. Sand-
stone is found in different sections of the county, and some of it is a very superior building
material. Our main dependence for stone is by the Ohio river.

Gravel. The heads of Bars and Islands in the Ohio river will forever furnish us with a
supply of gravel to improve our streets and roads near the river. Gravel of good quality has
also been discovered in several other localities, and from practical experience we can state
that gravel makes a better road, and more lasting, than any McAdamized road.

Clays. There is scarcely any portion of our county but affords brick clay of good qual-
ity.

Fire Clay of good quality is found in all places where coal is found.

Potter's Clay. We have along the river bank, commencing some two milesbelow Owen3-
boro', and extending some two or three miles above, a blue clay from ten to fourteen
feet thick; this vein of clay is found from ten to fifteen feet below the top of the bank, and
some five to ten teet below extreme high water. The pure part of this blue clay is about
eight feet thick, and when mixed with a small portion of a white clay found a short distance
back of Owensboro', makes the best article of stone-ware ever seen in this region, scarcely
ever cracking in burning. Mr. J. A. Scott is extensively engaged in manufacturing ware
from this clay in Owensboro', and his ware is certainly superior to any we ever saw brought
from the most celebrated stone-ware manufactories of Ohio or Indiana.

Sand. Our soil, except in a few localities, has hardly enough sand. Though our river
banks contain a vein of sand six or eight feet thick, lying below a clay formation of from six
to ten feet in thickness; this sand is equal to any in the State for building purposes. Sand
is found in some of the banks of creeks and branches, and in some other localities.

Timber. We doubt whether any county in Kentucky has such a superabundance of valuable
timber as is to be found in this county. In nearly all that portion of the county bordering on
Panther Creek, from one to four miles on each side, through the county from Eist to West,
may be found the various oaks — white, black and red. Many of the white oaks, which are the
principal growth, are from four to six feet across the stump, the bodies of which are of such
length as to astonish a man from the Blue Grass region of the State. Many of the black and
red oaks are fully equal in size and length to the white oak. The hill portion of the county
and in fact almost every part of the country, abounds in fine white oak, and black oak. The
finest yellow poplar is scattered over at least one half the county. Black walnut, honey locust,
black locust, and black ash, are also common growths of the county. Blue ash is only occa,
sionally found. There are also dense forests of beech and sugar tree in many localities; also,
hickory, elm, maple, dogwood, gum, and almost every other growth of our latitude. We
know of no place in the West, offering such inducements in the way of good timber, for steam-
boat building, as Owensboro and its vicinity.

Improvements. Owensboro. Its population is about (3,000) three thousand, and is increas-
ing perhaps as rapidly as any village in the State. We give, on the word of a mechanic, who
of course is observant of such matters, that some sixty (60) houses will be erected this sea-
son; among them are four brick store-houses, three of these, three stories high, which, for
neatness of finish and business capacity, are only surpassed by the lately erected mammoth
stores of Louisville. Indeed, twelve years back that city had none to compare with them.

There has just been erected, and about being finished, in our opinion the best Court House
in Kentucky. We have four tobacco stemmeries doing an extensive and profitable business.
There are five brick houses for Divine worship, namely, a Baptist, Methodist, Cumberland
Presbyterian, and Old School Presbyterian, which are all well attended on the Sabbath, and
each of them have a Sabbath School. There is also a Roman Catholic house of worship-

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 539

Our seminary has upwards of one hundred scholars. There are also two female schools of
high repute, one of them had last session over one hundred young ladies. Our wharf is being
cut down and improved at an expense of some $12,00!) to $15,000. We cm safely say that
the mercantile operations of our town have trebled within the last eight years. We have a
pork house, in which have been slaughtered and packed as high as 23,000 head of Hogs, and
600 head of beef cattle, in a season, and those amounts might be geatly increased, and, in ad-
dition, one of our citizens speaks of putting up a packing house, with the intention of smok-
ing or packing pork slaughtered by small farmers, at home. There has lately been put in op-
eration a large steam flour mill, which is doing an excellent business. We have two seed and
agricultural stores; also, work shops — one extensively engaged in the manufacture of wagons,
carts, plows, buggies, &c; and a foundery, turning out some fine castings. The sound of the
anvil, saw, and hammer, and the puff of the steam engine, are constantly breaking on the ear.
Ours is an unfinished town. We have been strangers, for the last five years, to that quiet re-
pose wh'ch characterizes most of the interior county towns. The constant demand for saddle-
horses, buggies, and carriages, beyond what four extensive livery stables can supply, evidences
a brisk intercourse with the country in our rear; yet nothing of all this arises out of excite-
ment. Our growth is regular and steady, rather forced upon our town by the rapid improve-
ment of our own arid neighboring counties, whilst it is plain to be seen that we must still go
on to improve with more rapid strides, as the immense amount (before alluded to,) of our un-
improved lands are brought under cultivation. We know that the numerous saw mills around
our town, and scattered over the county, prove inadequate to supply the demands for lumber.
One fact, of great importance, has escaped the notice of farmers living at a distance, namely,
the fact already alluded to, of our large coal field underlaying the whole county, which pre-
cludes the necessity of keeping such an amount of land under wood, for fuel, as must be done
where coal is not found. The price for this article does not fluctuate with us; it is sold, at all
seasons, for ten cents per bushel delivered in town, and still much lower at the mines. Slack
(which is used with a little wood in making steam,) can be had for $1 per wagon load. This,
with advantages of location, &c, will invite manufacturers.

We may soon have a railroad running out to coal mines of superior quality; this matter is
in the hands of a New York company; we cannot say whether it will or will not be carried
out. In closing we can truly say, contrary to most mineral countries, we have generally a rich
soil above, with abundant minerals below^

OwENSBOito, August Eth, 1857.

Dear Sir : By instruction of Committee, I forward the foregoing.
Respectfully and truly yours,

WM. BELL, Chairman.

R. W. Scott, Secretary Ky. S. A. Society.

Dear Sir: lam instructed to fill up some omissions in the foregoing report, namely, on-
Hemp, Grapes, &c.

Our soil produces Hemp of a superior quality. I obtained, in the Louisville market,
$130 per ton, (some years since,) when the market price was $120. The purchaser afte wards
remarked to me, 'it was the best Hemp he ever worked." The texture is said to be finer, mora
pliable, having a more silky gloss, and is heavier than Hemp grown in the upper counties.

The Ohio River has been called the Rhine of the United States. From my own experience,
(limited, to be sure,) and observations on some other small vineyards in our own county, I am
satisfied our county will do well for the cultivation of the vine. Some good wine, of domestic
manufacture, has been exhibited at our Fairs.

Mr. Scott, the manufacturer of stone-ware in our town, says he could dispose of five times
as much as he can manufacture. I have no doubt the white clay spoken of, south of our town,
will make as good yellow and mahogany ware, so called, as the potteries at Troy, la., or Liver-
pool, Ohio, turn out. Some of the manufacturers at Liverpool have made rapid fortunes at
that business. Your friend, WM. BELL.

540 REPORT OF THE

REPORT FROM BRACKEN AND MASON COUNTIES.

The staple productions of Mason and Bracken Comities are Indian corn, wheat, barley, rye,
oats, hemp, tobacco, and grapes, horses, cattle, hogs, sheep, and mules. Mason county is one
of the best hemp counties in the State. Mason county tobacco is famous for its excellence in
the markets of Europe, and is grown to considerable extent in both counties; the soil of
Bracken is based on yellow clay, with limestone foundation.

Timber. Sugar tree, buckeye, walnut, sassafras, hickory; the south-west portion of the
county is principally white and black oak.

The cultivation of tobacco in Bracken is one of the most profitable crops grown in the west,
three premiums out of lour, offered by the State Society for 1856, were awarded to citizens of
Bracken, on tobacco.

The culture of the grape in Bracken seems destined to rival that of any part of Ohio. Dur-
ing the last summer a New York wine merchant came to Augusta, after visiting the vineyards
in Ohio, and paid for wine raised in the vicinity of Augusta $2 50 per gallon, that being fifty
cents over the price of the best Ohio wine. There are now several large vineyards in the
county, and this year there will be from one to two hundred acres put in vines. The soil of
Bracken seems peculiarly adapted to the grape, and the German wine raisers are peopling dif-
ferent localities rapidly. Respectfully,

L. J. BRADFORD.

REPORT FROM FRANKLIN COUNTY.

Franklin county was formed by the Kentucky Legislature in 1794. It is bounded on the
north by Owen and Henry; on the east by Scott; on the south by Woodford and Anderson; on
the west by Shelby county. It contains about one hundred and twenty thousand acres, worth,
on an average, about $20 per acre, though some farms are worth from $75 to $100 per acre.

Water Courses. The Kentucky River runs through the county from south to north, divi-
ding it into nearly equal parts, cutting a deep channel into the solid rock, and surmounted
generally by high and precipitous cliffs, and navigable by small steamers throughout the entire
year. The other streams are North, South and Main Elkhorn, Big and Little Benson, and
Flat Creek, all of which afford good sites for grist and saw mills, and small factories, and all
abound, like the Kentucky, in a great variety of fine fish. The Lock and Dam on the Ken-
tucky River at Frankfort, affords water power of great extent and durability, but is used at
present by but one saw mill.

The Face of the Country is gently undulating on the sides next to Scott and Woodford
counties; is more rolling next to Anderson and Shelby, while that on the waters of Flat Creek
is hilly. Comparatively little is not susceptible of cultivation, although a large part of the
rolling and hilly lands would be more permanently profitable if kept constantly in blue grass,
timothy and clover, for pasture and meadow.

The Soil generally is a clay loam, mixed with small particles of bog iron ore, and under-
laid by thinly stratified limestone, which is well adapted to make stone fences.

The Crops are corn, wheat, rye, hemp, barley, and tobacco, all of which are raised for ex-
port; and oats, timothy, and clover hay, for domestic use.

All the fruits and vegetables adapted to this latitude grow here kindly and abundantly; and
the hill country is peculiarly adapted to the peach tree.

The Stock of the County, of all sorts, is genetally well improved, and much of it is truly
fine and well bred — several persons having paid much attention to the breeding and sale of
fine horses, cattle, sheep and hogs, all of which, together with mules and asses, are raised in
greater quantities than are demanded for the consumption of the county. The raising of
stock, especially of fine blooded stock, is found to be much more profitable than the mere sale
of crops, especially considering that less land, labor and capital are required, and the fertility
of the soil is much improved.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 541

Timber is in demand, at Frankfort, for mechanical, building and fencing purposes, and also
in the south east portion of the county, while the northern has much to spare. Sawed lum-
ber, flat rail3 and post timber are in demand among the farmers of the south east part of the
county. The growth is ash, sugar-tree, walnut, &c, in the south-east, while oak, poplar and
beech are the principal timbers in the other portions of the county.

Minerals and Mineral Waters. Small veins of lead, imbedded in limestone, have been
found in the bed of Flat Creek; also, in Elkhorn, and a lead mine in the north east part of
the county was worked for a short time, but as yet no minerals of marketable value, of any
kind, have been developed any where in the county, though their presence is indicated by a
variety of mineral waters in various parts of the county. Several small streams of chaly-
beate water show themselves about Frankfort. Scanland's Spring, at the Kentucky Military
Institute, was long a place of summer resort for invalids, and valuable medical salt3 have been
made from the water, which flows out in great abundance.

A small but permanent stream of black sulphur water rises from a bottom on Flat creek,
and another sulphur spring is well known on Benson, not far from the Railroad, and was for-
merly known as Faught's spring, and was much resorted to by invalids, and might again be
made a place of fashionable resort. Magnesian water, and a reservoir of inflamable gas, have
been reached by deep boring at Steadmau's Mills, on Main Elkhorn. The water is used in the
manufacture of fine printing paper, and the gas was used, for a while, and might be again, for
illuminating purposes. All the wells in the valley at Frankfort have a mineral flavor.
Superior potter's clay, and a tolerably good fine clay, are also found in the same valley.
The Kentucky river Marble was long used for mortuary purposes, and is a good building
material, the Capitol of the State being built of polished stone, of this kind, taken from the
bed of the river, and beneath the limestone formation.

A stratified grey limestone, frost and fire proof, and a fine building material, is found about
five miles from Frankfort, on the Railroad to Lexington, and is fast coming into use.

Mills and Manufactories. These consist of a large paper mill, and two fine flour mills on
Elkhorn, several mills on Benson and Flat creek ; and an extensive pork house, bagging and
rope factory, potter's and stone ware factory, two cotton factories, a foundry, coach factory,
tannery, two saw mills in Frankfort, are the principal establishments in this line, besides the
Kentucky Penitentiary, in which a large amount of manufactures, of various kinds, is con-
stantly carried on with great success.

Littekary Institutions. Several of these enjoy a fine reputation, having well earned it by
a long course of thorough mental and moral training, both for males and females. One for
each sex is situated near to, and several are in, the city of Frankfort. All bring many pupils
from adjacent counties and neighboring States.

The agriculture of the county is generally fully up to the times, but like other portions of
the State is lar below the perfection which is attainable. Steel plows, the roller, and the horse
rake have been loDg in use; small grains and grasses, and even hemp, have been cut by ma-
chinery; threshing machines bring the crops quickly into market, and crushing and steaming,
and cutting apparatus, of improved construction, are all well approved by those who have given
them full and fair trial.

But while many farmers have money in the bank, few are depositing fertility in that great
mother bank, Earth, to be drawn thence in their old age, or by their children and grand chil-
dren. Much of the soil is being gradually exhausted by successive crops, and much is washing
from hill sides, while numerous and valuable fertilizers are destroyed, neglected, or misapplied,
all ruinous evils which can only be corrected by a more thorough and scientific professional
education of the farmer.

Locust Hill Farm, Franklin county, Ky , September, 1857. ROBT. W. SCOTT.

54:4 REPORT OF THE

•

REPORT FROM GREENUP COUNTY.

October 27, 1857.
R. W. Scott, Esq. Corresponding Secretary Ky. State Ag. Society:

Greenup county is the uppermost county in the State, bordering forty miles on the Ohio
river; is twelve miles wide, a:id divided from Virginia by the river Big Sandy, is rough and
mountainous, thin soil, except in the river and creek bottoms. The principal crop is eorn, and
about seventy five thousand bushels of wheat. Stock is of inferior quality, and not numerous.
The mountains abound in iron ore and coal. Eleven steam furnac s are in operation, manu-
facturing about 1,800 tons of pig iron per annum each, and two more out of blast. There arc
also in the county two iron foundaries, three steam flouring mills, four water saw and grist
mills, and two fire brick factories.

Big Sandy is navigated fifty or sixty miles by steamboats. The county is very heavy tim-
bered with trees of nearly all the varieties of this State.

This county being a Manufacturing and not an Agricultural county, we have not taken so
much interest in Agricultural Societies, and consequently have never had auy society, though
frequently talked of, and we hope yet to form one.

I hope you will be able to gather some little information from this communication, though it
is certainly not very satisfactory. Respe^tf jlly,

E. J. HOCKADAY.

Henderson, August 15, 1S57.
R. VV. Scott, Cor. Sec Ky. Slate Agricultural Society:

Mv Dear Sir: I should have sent you this report long ago, but I hive not been a'de ti
collect all the information. I d?sired to make out a full and interesting report of our county,
but have been greatly hindered by much sickness, and by other business which I was compell-
ed to attend to. I send it as it is, aware that it is imperfect, but the best I can do at presei.t.

Yours, truly, JOHN J. TOWJLE3.

REPORT FROM HENDERSON COUNTY.
Henderson county was formed in the year 179?, and was named in honor of C.l. Richd. Hen-
derson. It is situated in the south west part of the State, on the Ohio river, having 7J miles
border on that noble stream, with Green river forming a portion of its eastern boundary, and
running in a north westerly direction through it, and emptying into the Ohio some forty miles
(by its meanders,) from where it first strikes the county. It is bounded north by the Ohio
river; east by Daviess and McLean counties; south by Hopkins, and west by Union. Accord-
in"' to the Assessor's books of Henderson county we have:

Value.

295,515 acres or land, R3,l"fi,9l0

441 town lots, - _fc77.660

3, 262 slaves over sixteen years old; total slaves, 4,761, .... 2,5118,750

3,538 horses, 249,5)0

1,291) mules, 109,655

Id jennies, 9'0

9,602 cattle, 73,()l'0

52 stores, - 18rt,900

Under the Equalization Law, 914,970

Total, $8, 030,255

SPECIFIC PROPERTY.

Pleasure carriages, buggies, &c., $30,910

Go'd and silver watches, clocks, &c., 83, "95

Gold and silver plate, --....--- *,I70

Pianos, 11,723

74,920

Total, $8,105,175

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 543

White males over twenty one years of age, - 1,925

Qualified voters, ........-- 1,768

Children between six and eighteen years old, ----- 2,337

Hogs over six months old, -------- 24,581

Which shows an increase over last year of ,$414,633. The average value of land, per acre
will be seen to be a fraction over ten dollars.

The coal and iion ore of the county have already been spoken of by Prof. Owen. There is
said to be a fine lead mine, near MeElroys gap, on the Henderson and Nashville railroad, which
however the Prof, has not spoken of. Near which place also are some very fine Sulphur and
Chalybeate springs.

Col. Burbank of Henderson is now engaged in boring an artesian salt well, and has reached
the depih of 1,600 feet, and designs going 400 feet further. There is a stream of salt water
from four to six inches in diameter, flowing out at the surface now, but as it comes through a
body of fresh water its strength is necessarily considerably deteriorated. Col. Burbank states
that the strength of the water is about eighty gallonsto the bushel, and he is boring further, in
hopes of finding stronger salt water. He states at the depth of 160 feet that there is a rock
63 feet through, which will afford all this country an abundance of best of fresh water; and at
the depth of "200 feet there is a stratum of the very best porcelain clay. He has sent specimens
to those thoroughly experienced with regard to the good properties of such clay and they have
pronounced it the finest yet discovered in the United States.

Soils. We have a variety of soils. The Eastern portion, or that bordering on Green riven
is quite broken, not too much however for cultivation. It abounds in the best of timber, and
is the only portion of the county containing much beech and sugar tree.

The Northern portion of the county, lying on the Ohio, is very fertile and consists chiefly of
alluvial soil with the exception of twelve or fifteen miles. The middle of the county, and
that immediately around the city of Henderson, is composed of clay loam, and what is called
black flats being beautifully undulating. There is a portion of the county lying towards Green
river called "The Barrens'" but is by no means unproductive, as some of our best wheat and
tobacco is raised in that portion of the county. It is decidedly the wheat growing portion of
the county. There are also some very fine lands in the South western portion of the county.
It is estimated that this county contains about sixty thousand acres of fine alluvial soil. Clay
loam, with retentive clay sub-soil, is the predominant soil of the county.

Timber — Poplar, pecan, all descriptions of oak, black and white walnut, ash, hickory, sweet
gum,cotion wood, and wild cherry, are the principal growth of the country.

OitcnAitus — There has been very little attedtion paid to fruit culture in this county. It is
gratifying to state, however, that there is considerable feeling evinced now in its favor; and
we hope ere long t) see as fine orchards of well selected fruit in this county as are to be found
any where. All our budded peaches were destroyed by the severe frosts this spring, but there
will be a tolerable supply of seedling fruit of that kind. Apples are abundant. There is no
eider made except for home consumption. Considerable apple and peach brandy is made, but
little exported. It has been suggested that a convention of pomologists to be held every year
at the time and place of the meeting of the State Fair, for the further promotion of fruit cul-
ture in this State, and we think it a good idea, and would urge the consideration of the matter
before the State Agricultural Society. We have been somewhat astonished that the proceed-
ings of the Louisville Horticultural Society are not published in the Western Farm Journal, as
it would be productive of much good in assisting persons to select those varieties of fruit best
adapted to the soil and climate of our State.

Gardkns — The same may be said of the good feeling increasing in regard to flower culture
as was said of fruit culture. Our ladies are greatly improving in their taste for gardening,
and some few cultivate the finer varieties of roses and other rare plants to considerable extent.
Garden fruits, and vegetables of every description suitable to this climate, are raised in abun-
dance.

Poultry. — We fear the home demand for poultry far exceeds the supply; but there is hardly
a farm iu the county upon which a Shanghai or Cochin China does not crow.

544 REPORT OF THE

Crops. — The great crop of this county is tobacco. The bottom farms yield from twelve to
fifteen hundred pounds per acre, and the hills from eight hundred to one thousand. Some few
of our wealthy farmers stem and prize their own crops, but a majority sell to the stemmeries
in the city. There are five of these large stemmeries in the city, from which are shipped, on
an average, annually, about five thousand hogsheads. Corn is the next great article of export.
The bottom farms yield from sixty to seventy five bushels per acre, and the good hill farms
average about fifty bushels. It is shelled and sacked during the winter months, and when
purchased before shelled, the purchaser furnishes sacks and twine. It is thought that not less
than 200,000 bushels are annually exported from this county.

Wheat. Our farmers are paying much more attention to the cultivation of this cereal in
the last few years than formerly. From ten to twenty-five, and sometimes as high as forty
bushels are raised per acre. Red and white wheat are bo'h raised, and when put in after to-
bacco good crops are almost universally raised, thereby proving that fine tilth is essential to
insure a good crop of this grain.

Rye. Almost all our farmers raise some rye, either to hog down or for winter pasture — but
none for exportation.

Oats are considerably raised, and as it has been lately ably argued in the "Southern Plan-
ter," by some of the best and most intelligent farmers in Virginia, and" considered to enrich
rather than exhaust land, I hope soon the long mooted question will be definitely settled, and
I do hope in favor of the oats.
Barley is not raised at all. that I know of, but think it would suceeed tolerably well.
Potatoes. There is very little attention paid to the cultivation of potatoes, beyond the
home demand. Almost every farmer has his patch of both Irish and sweet potatoes.

Grasses. I have no doubt but what blue grass will succeed very well in this county. It is
the spontaneous growth all over the county, especially in protected places, and is chiefly seen
in fence corners growing in great luxuriance. I have never seen finer in any of the upper
counties, than I have here, in protected places. It will take all our meadows, if they are not
sown with timothy every few years. Orchard grass seems to be the favorite grass at this time,
and it succeeds very well, especially in woods pastures. Red clover is considered too uncer-
tain (wwing to the severe winters and springs, succeeded by dry summers, which we have
heretofore had,) to depend on alone. Timothy and herds grass are preferred for hay, but
neither raised to any extent for exportation.

Stock. It is much to be regretted that this county has nothing to boast of in the way of
fine stock. It is thought, however, that our stock will compare favorably with that of our
neighboring counties. Some few individuals have turned their attention to the rearing and
breeding of fine stock, in the last few years, but it is by no means general. Some years ago
a good deal of attention was paid to horses, and two or three very fine horses have stood in
the county, but we are sadly deficient in that line now. Lately some very fine cattle sheep
and hogs have been introduced, from the upper counties, and, doubtless, will be of great ad-
vantage in improving their respective breeds, and we do hope, ere long, to see some fine
borse3, also, introduced. One of our wealthiest and most enterprising citizens, a vear or ' two
ago, made an importation direct from England, of some very fine Durham cattle, a cow, bull,

and two Ayrshire heifers in calf, and two sheep — a buck and ewe of the Southdown breed

which were quite an acquisition to the county, and we hope will prove of much benefit. Since
the State Fair about $20,000 worth of fine stock have been introduced and among them some
fine horses.
Mule3. Mules are reared to some extent, but do not exceed the home demand.
Sheep. Our sheep, we think, are rather above an average, as there are several, very fine
flocks in the county.

Hogs. Our hogs stand in need of considerable improvement, and, doubtless, all these de-
ficiencies will be remedied, to a greater or less extent, by the holding of the State Fair among
us this fall.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 545

REPORT FROM HENRY COUNTY.

Newcastle, Henry Co., December, 1857.
Dear Sir: Your circular, accompanied with a written request that I should report to you for
the county of Henry, was duly received. I will endeavor to give a condensed report of those
matters and interests embraced in the last section of instructions in the circular, and defined
in these words: "a brief description of each county, as to its location, soil, crops, stock, min-
erals and mineral waters, timber, manufactures, navigable waters, water powers, &c."

1st. Location. — A glance at the map of Kentucky will show that Henry may be classed as
one of the northern counties of the State; running within ten or twelve miles of the Ohio
river, and lying about the centre, from east to west.

2nd Son..— I may notice the growth of wood in connection with this head, as it is well
known that the kind and quality of soil generally indicates the species of wood that grow 3
upon it. The soil, surface, and growth of timber vary very much over the country. That portion
lying east of the Newcastle and Shelbyville road, frcm two to five miles out, including the
district around Fleasurevillc, and embracing fifteen or twenty thousand acres, is gently undu-
lating, and fertile enough to be well adapted to the culture of any of the staples of Kentucky.
The growth of wood is sugar tree interspersed with walnut, oak, hickory, ash, wild locust,
buckeye, &c. The soil is a rich dark loam, on a subsoil of yellow clay, beneaih which, at a
depth of from one to six feet, lies the blue limestone formation. The choicest lands in the
county are found in this bouadary, ranging in price from fifty to sixty dollars per acre.

That part lying west of the above, and a line running north from Newcastle, is somewhat
more broken, with a thinner soil and a greater depth of clay. The growth of beech predomi-
nates, with a mixture of oak, sugar tree, and poplar plentifully scattered. The lands in this
district are very productive, when well cultivated, and range, with a few exceptions, from thirty
to fifty dollars per acre.

The remaining portion — or eastern division — of the county is very uucqual in soil and sur
face, and ranges in price from five to fifty dollars per acre. The bottom lands on the Kentucky
river are as productive as any in the State, and are held at high pi ices. Many of these are
converted into hay farms, and yield as large revenues for the amount of labor bestowed as any
branch of agricultural business in the State. Back of these, and from two to six miles out
from the river, the country is broken and rough. Between this and the sections first meution
ed, the surface becomes more level and is very well adapted to farming. A growth of beech
and oak, interspersed with walnut, poplar, sugar, and other trees alternate over the whole Of
this division. A glance at the Auditor's Report for 1855, will show that Henry embraces about
176,719 acres of land in her boundaries, assessed at obout nineteen dollars per acre.

Stock. The same Auditor's Report gives the number of horses at 5,278, mules 356, jen-
nies 21, cattle 8,208, and stock hogs over six months old at 20,352. More attention is paid to
feeding cattle and hogs lor market than any- other stock. The highest number of fathogssold
out of the county any one season is 1 6,1)00 . This year (1857) the number fed for market is
about 10,000. Several thousand sheep are annually fed in the district around Eminence.

Crops. Corn and wheat take precedence of all others. The amount of wheat raised in this
county the present year is more than double that of any preceding year. It is estimated by
good judges that the number of bushels raised for market will not fall short of 200,000. To
bacco is cultivated to a considerable extent on the hilly lands in the eastern part of the county.

Minerals and Mineral Waters. Of the first, none have been found in quantities worth
mentioning. Of mineral waters, we have springs, generally of sulphur and salt water, scat
tered over the county. But the most noted and extensive are the Drenuon Springs, now owned
by Mr Writhe. 1 he principal springs are of black and white sulphur and salt.

Manufactures — Very deficient in them. None worth naming. A good field for an enter-
prising man. who has experience in any branch of manufacturing business suited to the coun-
try

Navigarle Water?. The Kentucky river is the eastern boundary of the county for twenty
miles, and is navigable at almost all seasons. The county is most fortunately located, with

546 REPORT OF THE

reference to the large cities. The river on one aide and the railroad on the other gives us ad-
vantages to market possessed by but few counties.

As items of general interest, I may mention that a good deal of attention has been paid to
fruit growing in Henry. Every farmer of character in his profession has an orchard of choice
iruits. Some attention is being bestowed on the grape and wine culture, by several enterpris-
ing citizens. These efforts are yet in their infancy, with the exception of Mr. Ed Berry, of
Sligo, who reports very favorably of his success. Mr. Jos. Blinker, of Newcastle, has experi-
mented with the Chinese Sugar Cane quite successfully this season. He made and soli over
one thousand gallons of molasses, at fifty cents per gallon. His intention is to cultivate more
largely next season.

With these meager items of information, merely stated without elaboration or embellish-
ment, 1 subscribe n.yself, Yours, respectfully,

R. W. Scott, Esq. Z. F. SMITH.

REPORT FROM HOPKINS COUNTY.

Hopkins County, Nov. 2, 1857.
Robert W. Scott, Corresponding Secretary, SfC.

According to your request we submit the following statements, as regards the soil, pro-
ducts, minerals, &c, of Hopkins county.

Our county is forty miles in length and twenty six in breadth, making an area of 1,040
square miles, or 665,600 square acres, with about an eighth of the whole in cultivation.

It is bordered on the North east by Green river for fifteen miles, and on the East by Pond
fiver for twenty five miles, and on the West by Trade water. Green river is navigable for
small steamers at all seasons; Pond river for flats and rafts throughout the winter and spring;
Trade water is also navigable for small crafts and rafts for forty miles, during the winter and
spring.

At least one sixth of our lands are mineral. There are 100,000 acres of as fine Bituminous
and Cannel coal as Nereis in the West.

Our county may be divided into three classes of land. Ridge, or hill land; bottom, or flat
land; and between these extremes are large bodies of land neither hill nor flat, but rolling
enough to keep well drained, and level enough for all practical farming.

The trees of our hill lands are hickory, white and black oak, and a variety of poplars; the
undergrowth, dogwood and redbud. On the bottoms of the small streams that head in these
hill lands are sugartree and beech, mixed with the other growth of the hills. These lauds
are well ad tpted to raising sheep, and produce well. They are bedded upou limestoue. To-
bacco, corn, and oats, are the principal crops; but, we do not think it yields as well per acre
as the rolling or the flat land.

Our rolling lands may be called the farming portion of our county. The soil is based upon
reddish yellow clay foundation, and for productiveness it cannot be beat, unless by the Ohio
river bottom lands. We suppose it may be called a free stone soil, though occasionally we
see a stratum of limestone. The trees of these lands are hickory, blackgum, and every va-
riety of oak. The undergrowth, redbud, mulberry, and dogwood. Tobacco, corn, oits, ;nl
wheat are produced, as good as can be raised anywhere. The best grasses on these lauds
are clover, timothy, orchard, and redtop. We have never fully tested the blue grass; but., as
an evidence that it might do well, all our old fields '.ha - , are turned < ut are soon c'.otied with a
beautiful blue grass sod. It is a spontaneous grass in our wood-*, particularly around the
roots of walnut trees, and in all cultivated lands, in the fence corners it makes its appearance.
This land also is peculiarly adapted to the growth of vegetables. Irish potatoes, cabbies,
turnips, i-w et potatoes, beets; in fact, ev^ry variety of vegciblej, do well. A ne gYo r of < u;i
raised a beet that was seventeen inches in circumference, and long in proportion. Potatoes
are as fine as can be mit-e 1 anywhere.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 547

Our third class land may be called flat or bottom land. The trees in these lands are every
variety of oak, honey locust, walnut, scaly bark hickory, black ash, and elm. The undergrowth
pawpaw and spice, and there is the large sweet gum on a large portion of it. There is also
a peculiar species of white oak, commonly called overcup, which is used for staves and ship
timbers. It grows to the size of five feet in diameter. As an instance of the value of this
timber, there was one tree, which, after paying all expenses, netted the company $175. It
was gotten out by a New Albany company. It grows in great abundance in our bottom
lands.

Our rich black flats (we believe) are destined to be the very best farming lands in our
county. Some experiments have been made and have been very successful.

Tobacco is our staple product. Its average is 1,0^0 pounds to the acre. One hand is ca-
pable of tending four acres of tobacco, and raise grain sufficient to support his family. The
price of labor by the day is, on an average, one dollar per day. By the month, from $15 to
$20. The average price for a negro man is $175 per year.

Tobacco engages too much attention. However, our farmers are beginning to see that stock
raising is as profitable as tobacco, and much less trouble. Their attention is being turned to
raising cattle, hogs and mules.

Our county Agricultural Fairs are having a very happy effect, and will, in time, awaken a
feeling of pride, as well as interest, in all our producers.

As to steam power, we have five or six steam mills, but as yet we dont use steam in our
farm machinery. We have every variety of farm machinery, but all is driven by horse-
power.

Our county has been rather backward in the way of education; but in this respect we are
daily improving. At our county seat we have a first rate institution for females; a classical
school for our youth, and several schools for boys. The common school commissioners have
laid out our county into districts. There are over one hundred schools now in operation, with
between three and four thousand children to be benefitted by the law. For a more correct
opinion we will refer you to the report of commissioners on common school".

R. DUNVILLE,
R. G.SAMUEL.

REPORT FROM LETCHER COUNTY.

Whitesburg, September 25, 1857.
R. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. K. S. A. Society:

Dear Sir: — In compliance with your request I shall attempt to answer the eighth sec-
tion of your circular.

Location. Letcher is bounded on the east by Virginia, and is situated amongst the moun-
tains.

Soil. Our soil is merely a medium soil, producing of corn from twenty-five to fifty bushels
to the acre, without manure. Wheat from twenty to forty bushels, according to the care and
management of the farmers.

Stock. Horses, mules, sheep, hogs, and cattle, are raised to some extent, the sales of which,
for the past year, I suppose would amount to $10,000.

Minerals. Salt and and coal greatly abound; our coal mines are innumerable, and iron
abounds in the mountains. Mineral waters, such as chalybeate and sulphur springs are found in
various places.

Timber. Sugar tree, beech, black walnut, hickory, ash, wild cherry, poplar, and oak p
abound to any illimitable extent.

Water power. Grist mills and saw mills are all driven by water power only in our county.
The navigable waters are the North Fork of Kentucky river and Rorkhouae Foik; Cair's
Fork, and Troublesome; (all branches of the North Fork.)

548 REPORT OF THE

Our coal, is located in the banks and beds of the creeks and branches, and I see indications
of coal in' the moantains, but there has never been any search made for it. It is not used but
very little as fuel. The amount in this county appears to be inexhaustable, and can be procur-
ed at the mines for a trifle; but the getting it to market would be almost impossible, for none
of our streams are navigable for boats with such heavy carriage; although they have been de-
clared navigable thev are nothing but small creeks and mountain torrents. Timber might be
floated down to their confluence with the North Fork of the Kentucky river, and then rafted if
the sale would justify the labor. There appears to be plenty of iron ore in the mountains, but
it has never been examined. There are no iron works in any of these mountain counties, con-
sequently we have no use for iron ore. There is but one salt well in this county, and it does
not make a sufficiency for the demand at home. This is owing to the want of enterprise in
our citizens; for there are various places where salt might be found, as appears from incrusta- ;
tions of salt on the rocks in dry weather, and other indications.

It is supposed that silver might be obtained in the Cumberland mountains. I have seen
some kind of ore obtained there which is supposed to be silver, but there is no person here ac-
quainted with the art seperating the metal, be it what it may.

There are some very curious specimens of petrifications here. I have found upon the
top of a ridge a limestone, and uiion breaking it, shells of various marine shell fish were
found, from the size of one fourth of an inch to two inches in diameter. But this is getting
from the subject upon which you want information.

I will just add, that the want of navigable streams almost precludes the possibility of our
coal, iron, or timberever reaching you, and until there is a greater spirit of enterprise in our
citizens the project never will be attempted. Our little streams are all crossed by mill dams,
and all run in such zigzag courses, that it would require a great deal of labor before an attempt
could be made to navigate them. Excuse the awkwardness of my remarks.

I remain yours, &c,

A. D. HALE.

REPORT FROM LEWIS COUNTY.

Clarksburg, September 17, 1857.
Rout. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. Ky. S. A. Society.

Dear Sir: Yours of the 11th ult. has been received. I very much approve of the State
Agricultural Society, of which you are Corresponding Secretary.

It is true that tiiere is no Agricultural Society in our county, but we are connected with the
"North Kentucky Agricultural Association," composed of the counties of Mason, Lewis and
Fleming. If I can be of any service to you, as an individual, in forwarding the interest of
the State 'Agricultural Society, it shall be cordially given.

Our Society commences its first exhibition on its fair grounds, near the city of Maysville, on
the 13th day of October next, the same day upon which the State Fair commences.

Our county, Lewis, lies directly above Mason, on the Ohio River, 38° 35' north latitude,
and for some forty miles it borders on the Ohio River. The soil is neither very rich nor poor;
partly lime stone (which is the best portion,) and partly free stone. The free stone portion
lies South east, and is generally hilly and broken, and only good for the timber and tan-bark
which grow upon it in great abundance There are also some very fine stone quarries upon
the same, near the river — the finest quality of free stone. Grape is being cultivated on the
hills with good success. Our crops are principally Indian corn, wheat, oats, and tobacco — all
of which succeed and do well. Our stock is principally hogs and cattle; also, some horses,
mules, aud sheep. We have never, as yet, succeeded in finding minerals in any quantity, al-
though it is believed there is plenty of good iron ore in our hill lands. We have a great many
mineral springs throughout the county, chiefly chalybeate and white sulphur. Salt was made,
at one time, in great abundance near Vanceburg, hut was abandoned in consequence of the

STATE AGRICULTURAL S0CIE1Y. 549

-
cheapness of the article. Our timber is principally oak, poplar, sugar tree, and beech, and
the chestnut and chestnut oak. We have no manufactures in our county of any note. The tan-
ing business is carried on to some extent. The Ohio river, as before alluded to, is the only
navigable stream to our county. There are a great many fine creeks through our county, and
some mills upon them. There are several steam saw mills in the county, which saw lumber for
the Cincinnati market. Very respectfully,

GEO. T. HALBERT.

REPORT FROM LOGAN COUNTY.

RuSSELLVILLE, NOVEMBER 16, 1857.

R. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. Kentucky Stale Agricultural Society:

Dear Sir: I received your letter of the 9th inst.. and circular, and hasten to comply with
your request. It would be a matter of regret, indeed, if Logan county should be left out of
your Report, and I am sorry that a description of it has not devolved upon one more compe-
tent to the task than myself. If I had more time I might have gone more into details, which
perhaps would have been more satisfactory. I shall now endeavor to be brief, but accurate.

Logan county is located in what is familiarly known as the Green River country. The wa-
ters of the northern portion of the county are tributary to Green river, and those of the south-
ern to Red river, thence to the Cumberland.

The northern part of the county is undulating and broken, but contains many rich and cul-
tivated tracts of land; it is heavily timbered, finely watered, and by no means sparsely settled.

The southern portion is level, extremely fertile, highly cultivated, densely populated, well
watered, but not heavily timbered, except along the valleys of Red river and of some smaller
streams. The subsoil of Logan is red clay.

There are many mineral springs in the county, the most prominent of which are Buena
Vista, Cerro Gordo and Bee Lick. Some of these are fashionable resorts during the sum-
mer months, and in a medical sense are (I presume,) inferior to none in the country. Our
staple commodities are wheat, corn, tobacco, and hogs. We also annually raise a large num-
ber of horses, mules, cattle and sheep.

There are many very superior mills situated on Red river, and in other parts of the county,
which turn out large quantities of the best quality of flour, most of which finds a market at
Nashville. Respectfulry, &c, GEO. R. BIBB.

REPORT FROM MADISON COUNTY.

AGRICULTURAL AND STATISTICAL.

To the Kentucky Slate Agricultural Society:

Madison is one of the largest and most productive counties in the State, and has a popu-
lation unsurpassed in energy, economy, and intelligence. It is bounded on the North by the
counties of Jessamine, Fayette, Clarke, and Estill, and is separated from these counties by
the Kentucky river, except a part of the latter county; on the East by portions of Estill, Ows
ley, Laurel, and Rockcastle counties; on the South by Garrard and Rockcastle; and on the
West by Garrard and Jessamine.

Soil. There are several varieties of soil in the county. The Western portion is quite broken
and hilly, not to an extent, however, to prevent its cultivation and productiveness; the soil of
this part is generally rich, and produces nearly every description of crop usual in this climate,
jO an extent that is quite remunerative to the cultivator. Sandstone is found at no great depth
below the surface, by which the productiveness of the soil is much aided, because of the great
amount of moisture absorbed by this species of stone during the winter and spring, and which

;5o

REPORT OF THE

it imparts to the soil during the dry portions of the summer and autum. Limestone prevails
beneath the sandstone, and that part of the latter nearest the surface is frequently found to be
soft.

The central portion of the county is mainly composed of rich soil; is generally undulating
yet not broken to an inconvenient extent, and is very productive; is mainly owned by wealthy
farmers extensively engaged in stock farming, and is not so densely populated as other sec-
tions of the county. The farms are large and are principally cultivated by slave labor, where-
as other parts of the county are mostly cultivated by white labor and the farms are smaller.

The Eastern end of the county is composed of land unequal in point of soil to the sections
described; though a large part of it lies much better. The soil is reasonably productive; it is
very fine wheat laud, but does not stand the drouth so well as other portions of the county; it,
however, produces very well when the season is good, and its productiveness might be greatly
increased by proper sub soil plowing.

Timber. Walnut, locust, red elm, white and black ask, beech, white and black hickory, red,
black and white oak, wild cherry, and poplar, are abundant in the county, with varioas other
growths, and in a small section of the county a considerable quantity of cedar, which is exten-
sively used by farmers in making post fences.

Orchards. The citizens of Madison have not paid that attention to the planning and culti-
vating of orchards, and to the selection of fruit, which some other portions of the State have
done. There has, hewever, of late been an increasing disposition to obtain the best kinds of
fruit trees, and to rear up fine orchards.

Of ordinary seasons an abundance of apples, plums, some pears, peaches, and cherries are
produced in the county for domestic consumption, of which fruits a considerable part are of
improved varieties.

Cider is not made in that abundance, nor is the quality such as is desirable. Some apple and
peach brandy of excellent quality is manufactured.

Gardens. There are numerous good gardens in the county, and the taste for gardening is
rapidly increasing.

Poultry. The production of poultry is very great, and considerably exceeds the home con-
sumption.

Minerals. Limestone prevails in nearly every portion of the county, and of a quality suit-
ed to the demands of the community.

Hydraulic stone is found in abundance in the bluffs of the Kentucky river, near the mouth of
Red river, and will at some future day prove to be quite serviceable in furnishing water proof
lime. Men of science have pronounced it to be of a superior quality; and there has been some
talk of erecting the necessary machinery for the manufacture of the lime — none such has yet
been erected.

There is a small quantity of slate rock in the county, and some Bituminous Coal fields; the
latter lie about fifteen miles East of Richmond, and have been but little worked. They will
probably turn out to be quite valuable. White Sulphur Springs are numerous in the county.
One of superior quality, to which there is an increasing resort, some fourteen miles East of
Richmond, now owned and occupied by Thomas Francis, Jr. The improvements at this spring
are not extensive; the accommodations, however are genteel, and when more extensively and
better improved will probably be a place of great resort. It is situated in a salubrious part of
the country, the scenery around it is fine and the premises well shaded.

Crops and production. Blue grass is extensively cultivated in the county, and its produc-
tion is rapidly increasing; it is one of the great sources of wealth. This grass prospers well
on lands that are too broken for cultivation, and stock are fonder of this grass grown on hill
sides than on the flat or level lands.

Formerly that part of the soil which was not cultivated with the plow was generally unpro-
ductive, and the proprietor burdened with taxes without remuneration; now this portion of the
and, when well set in grass, is nearly as profitable as that which is well cultivated by manual
abor.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 551

Red clover is also extensively cultivated, and when sown with timothy is highly serviceable
to stock; it is an early crop — matures every year before blue grass should properly be grazed.
This description of clover is moreover valuable in fertilizing the soil. When mixed with
timothy, red clover makes most excellent hay, and is vastly superior to the hay made of timo-
thy alone; the latter being too dry and harsh, and calculated to engender constipation in stock-
White clover was once cultivated to a considerable extent, but its production has, in a great
measure, been abandoned.

Timothy is extensively cultivated in this county, and is cut for winter food. It is moreover
sown with red clover and blue-grass for the purposes of pasturage — the timothy and clover for
two or three years protecting the young blue grass, which is a dainty, tender grass in its youth,
and the clover and timothy after the first year become excellent pasture, while in a few years
the blue grass roots out the others. Other grasses are very little cultivated in this county.

Cereals. Various kinds of cereals are extensively cultivated. Indian corn is produced in
immense quantities — its culture being, perhaps, better understood in this than in any other
county in the State. The crop is mainly consumed by the immense quantity of stock raised
and matured. A small portion of it is manufactured into whisky, and some part of it is con-
sumed in furnishing bread for the citizens. It is generally considered that yellow corn is the
most nutritious for stock, and is preferred by distillers; white corn makes the nicest bread and
hominy.

Wheat, rye, and oats, are largely produced in the county, mainly and nearly exclusively for
domestic consumption.

Red and white wheat of different varieties are cultivated. Scarcely any spring wbeat is
grown. Ground, by our best farmers, is prepared for wheat by deep sub soil plowing — a depth
of ten or fifteen inches is profitable. This protects the wheat from injury from deep freezes
in the winter. The roots of wheat never reach to the depth of this kind of plowing, and if
the ground is thrown up by a freeze it always goes to the depth of the furrow, and much be
low the end of the root, and hence the soil is drawn up to protect the root ar?d thus prevent
the decay of the wheat. At an early day the Hessian fly injured the crop frequently; of lat-
ter years it has seldom molested it. Smut and rust are now its great enemies before it is har-
vested.

To avoid this wheat is sown early, that the crop may be harvested before the rainy season
in the month of June, which usually sets in about the 20th, and is sure to produce rust where-
ever there is a predisposition to that malady in the stalk. Some think the remedy for smut is
in the selection of the best developed healthy grains for seed, and to sow it on undulating land.

After the wheat crop is harvested, the weevil is its greatest foe, and to prevent the grain
from being injured by it is a matter of no little difficulty.

Oats exhausts the soil on which it is grown, and is t on that account, no great favorate with
our farmers; yet considerable quantities of it are raised, as it is very fine for young stock and
milch cows in the winter, and for beasts of burden in the summer. It is, moreover, a kinder
food for animals than Indian corn; it is not so heating, nor so injurious to the usefulness and
jongevity of the latter.

Rye is a favorate crop with many farmers; is considered profitable to the soil on which it is
grown; is very nutritious for young stock in the winter and spring, when green, and when dry
goes further to nourish and sustain stock, in the latter part of winter, than any other food, and
causes horses and mules to shed off early in the spring. It is generally cut up, grain and
straw together, and fed to stock, and its beard is profitable, when fed in this manner, in de-
stroying worms and bots in animals.

Very little attention is given to the culture of barley or buckwheat.

Potatoes. Large quantities of Irish potatoes for domestic use are cultivated in every part
of this county, in numerous varieties. The potato crop is a most usual one. The soil of the
county, except that portion of it in which the sandstone formation prevails, and some bottoms
near the river, is not well suited to the production of sweet potatoes; they are, however culti-
vated, to a limited extent, on nearly every farm. Yams are produced in small quantities.

552 REPORT OF THE

Cabbages. Of numerous varieties are grown on almost every farm, for family consumption,
as well as turnips, tomatoes, radishes, beets, carrots, &c.

Many of our citizens cultivate the English grapes and currants, and, in addition to their or-
dinary consumption, manufacture from them a clever wine for domestic use.

Straw and raspberries are produced in abundance and of many varieties. So are beans and
peas.

Stock. — The great staples of Madison are mules and hor3es, cattle and swine. Formerly tobac-
co was the^ great staple of the county. Its production has been decreasing for more than thirty
years; and at this time there is scarcely a hogshead grown in the county for market. Hemp
was once cultivated for market, to a considerable extent, and there were several large manu-
facturing establishments in the county — a large proportion of the soil is now adapted to the
production of each of these articles. The cultivation of hemp, like that of tobacco, has been
gradually declining, and at this time there is not a hemp factory in the county; and very little,
if any, hemp for the market grown. The causes of the declension of these products are, first,
the distance from, and the great expense attendant upon their conveyance to market. Aud as
it respects tobacco, it exhausts and ruins the soil upon which it is cultivated; besides, the pro-
duction of stock is found to be much more profitable.

There is very little difference in the amount of profit to the county, from the sale of cattle,
of pork, and of horses and mules, counting the two latter as one article. The income from
these combined is about half a million of dollars annually. Formerly a great many horses
were produced, reared, and carried to market; the quantity has been gradually declining for
some twenty five years; this has been brought about by the increased production of mules.

The Whip breed of horses is the favorite stock; they are generally bays, well rounded off,
and of good constitution. The main objection to them is that they are a little sluggish. When
crossed with the Gray Eagle stock, they make fine saddle and harness horses. Nearly thirty
years ago there grew an extensive disposition in the county to rear up the Archie stock of
horses. In the course of ten years it was ascertained that they were not 3uited to rough agri-
cultural pursuits, and were dwindling down in size and power, and if not stabled in the winter,
they surfeited, and much of the hair and some of the skin sluffed off. They furthermore
caused considerable demoralization among the youths of the country, who soon learned t»
talk of race horses instead of saddle and harness horses, and were drawn into the cump my of
Gport>men and gamblers. Prudent parents seeing this, turned their attention to raising mules,
a stock that sportsmen and gamblers have very little taste for, but which are greatly more
profitable than race horses.

The farmers of this county rear a great many mules. Some two thirds of them are foaled
in the county, and the others mostly in the State of Indiana, whither they send their jacks and
purchase their produce, to be delivered at weaning time.

The produce of the Maltese stock of jacks is greatly preferred — they are more easily kept,
better rounded off, and better limbed, and have the most action.

The produce of the Caucasian jack are not so well rounded off, or so easily kept. They are
raw boned, do not stand well on their limbs, and have not the action or durability of the other
stock.

Jacks and jennets of this latter stock have generally a stripe across their shoulders, and are
mainly of a mouse color. There are about two thousand head of horses and mules sold an-
nually from this county.

Cattle. — There is a right smart sprinkle of thoroughbred cattle, and probably more cattle
deeply crossed with the Durham, in this than in any other county in the btate. Nine tenths o^
them have more or less crosses of the improved stock; there is scarcely a neighborhood in
which there is not a bull deeply crossed.

The spirit of improving the stock of cattle is increasing, and the number of thoroughbred
cattle is increasing every year. Probably five thousand cattle are sold out of Madison anna
ally, averaging thirty five or forty dollars per head. Some are thoroughly fatted; some heat-
ed and grazed; others sold at two years old; and a great many when partially flatted.

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 00

The Durham stock is the favorite one with us, and the improved cattle of this county are
nearly all by this stock. Many think that an eighth or a sixteenth of the old Patton blood is
profitable as a cross with the Durham — thereby increasing their size and enhancing their dura-
bility and usefulness, particularly as work animals. Few of the late importations of flat, dish
faces, with woo! between the horns, have reached this county.

Swine. This stock is bred in great numbers, and the citizens are much skilled in raising
them to a good size. The Irish grazier is the favorite. The Berkshire is bred to some extent.,
and so is the Woburn. The latter is rather the longest in coming to maturity. Many years
ago the China hog was bred to some extent. They were easilv kept and fatted; but they did
uot attain suffii ient size, and their legs were too short to take them to market.

The best farmers of the county arrange to have their pigs come between the middle of March
and the middle of April — push them all the time, and bring them into market in October and
November of the next year, at about eighteen or nineteen months old. They then average
about three hundred pounds gross. When we have a succession of ordinarily good seasons,
there are from two thou-and to twenty five hundred annually taken to market from the county.
There has been of late years some tendency towards a decrease of the number of hogs, and
au> increase in the number of cattle. The former are fed mainly on corn, and hence then-
rearing deteriorates the land more; indeed the rearing of cattle rather favors the improvement
of land. The general impression, however, is that mules and hogs are more profitable stock
than catlle Less capital is required in rearing hogs than mules or cattle, and hence persons
of limited means are compelled to rear swine.

Farmers prefer that rnule colts should come in April or May, and calves about the same
period.

Sows that have pigs in March or April, are generally spayed in Mav or early in June, and
then fatted for the market in October or November.

Cows are generally fatted and sold for the Cincinnati or Louisville market at seven or eight
years old, and before they begin to decline much, unless they are of a favorite stock.

Oxen are fatted at six or seven years old, and sold by the best farmers, and fresh ones broken
at two and three years old- and in this way the owner is remunerated by the increased size of
his animal, as well as by the labor done for the food consumed.

Work mules are often sold at four or five years old for forty or fifty dollars more than they
would have brought the summer or winter after they are two years old, and fresh ones broken
for farm purposes.

Sheep. Formerly there were great numbers of sheep grazed in this county. The number
has been declining for twenty years More wool is produced in the county than meets the do
me tic demand. A small number of sheep are taken to market as mutton. Formerly Merino
was the favorite stock; of latter years the Bakewell and Cotswold and Southdown breeds have
become favorites, and at present the Leicester seems to be gaining the ascendancy among the
most intelligent farmers.

Madison County, Ky., June, 1857. SQUIRE TURNER.

REPORT FROM MASON COUNTY.

Prospect Hill, August 24, 1857.
R. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. Ken. State Agricultural Society:

Mason county is small but very compact, as you will observe from the map of Kentucky. It
is bounded on the North by the Ohio river, on the West, by Bracken county; on the South, by
Nicholas; on the South east by Fleming; and on the East by Lewis. The soil is generally'
in its natural state, of the first quality of Kentucky land. And the larger proportion lies well
for farming purposes. The North fork of Licking heads in the upper part of this county, and
runs nearly through the center of the county, in a South-western direction. The land border-

554 REPORT OF THE

ing on the Ohio, and on the North fork, is considerably broken, but is generally rich and well
adapted to the production of blue grass, and consequently can be more profitably applied to
grazing stock than the production of corn, wheat, barley, tobacco, &c. These products all
flourish very finely on our level as well as on our hilly lands; but by the cultivation of these
crops on our hilly land, much of our rich soil is carried off by washing rains. Farmers are be-
ginning to turn their attention to a more extensive raising of stock-cattle, horses, mules and
sheep. By doing so, they can appropriate their hilly land to pastures and meadows, and thus
prevent the loss of much valuable soil, by washing rains. Indeed our lands, that lie sufficient-
ly level for cultivation, have generally been too much appropriated to the raising of grain crops,
and tobacco. And hence, in process of time, they must become less productive. The reme-
dy for this is to alternate clover with grain and tobacco crops. This necessarily leads to a more
extensive system of grazing. Every farmer should use his utmost efforts to prevent a deterio-
ration of his soil. By doing so he may safely calculate that there will be no falling off in hie
crops, or the value of his land. By a too constant cultivation of land, in grain and tobacco
crops, the soil becoras less and less productive; and of coarse less and less valuable; and finally
is said to be worn out. But in truth it is only exhausted of those ingredients, which serve as
food for plants. The true system of farming is to restore to the land as much of those ingredi-
ents as is taken from the soil, by growing crops. Stock raising is the principal and the cheapest
means of doing so. This together with the application of manures, and a judicious rotation of
crops, will secure permanance to the natural fertility of our soil.

The timber of our Mason lands is such as is found on the rich land of Kentucky generally.
On the poorer points of ridges, approaching the Ohio, the North fork of Licking, and their larger
tributaries, there is a mixture of white oak. The Ohio river is the only navigable stream.
The North fork of Licking affords good water power for milling, &c, for about one half the
year. There are several mills on this stream, calculated for water power, and in which steam
power is used when the water fails. On some of the smaller branches also mills are construct-
ed to be run alternateley by water and steam power. In the city of Maysville, and upper or
east Maysville there is in each a flouring mill run by steam only. In the city of Maysville
there is an extensive cotton spining establishment, worked by steam power; also an iron foun-
dery, an extensive plough factory, a large carriage factory, a bagging factory, (not now in op-
eration,) a segar factory, plaining mill, two saw mills and an extensive tannery.

In upper or east Maysville, besides a flouring steam mill, there is an extensive rope walk,
and a manufactory of oil from coal, just got into operation, and it will probably do a large busi
ness.

There is a large steam flouriug mill, at Dover on the Ohio river, the lower end of the coun-
ty. There are wool carding machines in various parts of the county — Washington, Lewia-
burgh, Murphysville, &c, and corn mills on several of the tributaries of the Ohio and North
fork.

As I have for a number of years been confined chiefly to my farm. I have but little oppor-
tunity of becoming acquainted with the manufacturing establishments in distant parts of the
county, and, therefore, cannot furnish your society with a more complete list than I have
given above. But T hope its deficiency will be supplied by application to our two enterprising
and useful agricultural societies.

Hoping to be pardoned for this imperfect compliance with your circular of 12th August, I
am, with high respect, Your obedient Servant,

A. BEATTY.

REPORT FROM MONTGOMERY COUNTY.

Montgomery county is the Piedmont of Northern Kentucky, extending on the South and
South East to the Red River and Slate Mountains, which separate this county from the

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. ' 555

county of Powell, on the South, and from the county of Bath on the South East. Bath also
lies on the East, Bourbon and Bath on the North, and Clarke on the West.

Montgomery county is now quite small in Territory, the greater part of Powell county hav-
ing been takeu from it.

The soil of this county, for fertility, is unsurpassed by any other in the State; indeed, in
the year 1854, when the drought was so great thro' the Wesf, the corn crop in Moutg)me y was
much better than in any neighboring county, which was attributed to its greater depth of soil.
The limestone is abundant, but not so near the surface as in Bourbon, Clarke and Fayette;
hence it is not so accessible, and there is less stone fence than in the latter counties.

The stock which is raised consists of mules, cattle, hogs and herses. The mules, hogs, and
horses are not inferior to any in the State, the best of such stock having been selected many
years aga, and great pains have been taken to retain the best and purest blood. The cattle
are hardly equal to those of Bourbon, Fayette, and Clarke, though but little inferior to tliem.
The crops are usually very abundant — many believed the crops of Indian corn to be superior
to those of the last named counties. It is believed that no county in the State raised so much
corn, in proportion to the population, as Montgomery. In consequence of the distance from
market, and the want of facilities for reaching a market, the quantity of wheat raised has
been but little greater, until a year or two past, than was necessary to supply the demand at
home, but the quantity has greatly increased and the soil is finely adapted to its culture.
Hemp, some years ago, was raised in considerable quantities, but is now almost wholly neg-
lected.

The blue grass pastures are as handsome and fine as can be found in any other part of the State-
The surface is more undulating than that of Bourbon, Fayette, or Clarke, indeed, much of
it is rolling and hilly.

There are no mii.erals of sufficient value to be worked, though iron ore abounds to a con-
siderable extent, but not in workable beds. There are no mineral springs in the county, ex-
cept perhaps one or two weak sulphur ones.

The timber was once abundant, but is now rather scarce; it consists of black walnut poplar,
cherry, ash, oak, and on the south side of the county a narrow belt of pine. There are no
manufactories in the county, except perhaps a few distilleries of Bourbon whisky, in a small
way. There are no navigable waters in the county; and the water powers are not considerable,
though slate creek affords water with eligible sites for mills, and on that stream there are sev-
eral valuable mills for grinding wheat as well as corn. A well informed farmer of Harrison
county, in a conversation about the superior corn crops in Montgomery, in 1854, remarked that
it was said it bad been more seasonable in this county than in neighboring ones, but the rea-
son of the better crops, in his opinion, was the greater depth of soil; he said that the soil was
perhaps not richer than other neighboring counties, but it was evidently deer. The two last
sales of land that 1 have heard of this fall were, one, a mile or two from town, at $80 per
acre; and the other four miles from town, at $75; the improvements on both very com-
mon.

Oct. 22, 1857. R. APPERSON.

REPORT FROM NELSON COUNTY.

Nelson countv is situated on the waters of Salt river, and on the Beech and Rolling Forks
of Salt river. The Beech Fork runs nearly through the center of the county, from south-east
to north we3t, and within one mile of Bardstown, the county seat.

The north east portion of Nelson is very fertile and productive, the soil being what is called
blue limestone. The middle portion of the county is what is called poplar land, the principal
growth of the forest being poplar and beech, and is tolerably productive, overlaying what is
known as the gray limestone. This belt runs across the county from north-west to south-east
and is about ten miles wide.

556 REPORT OF THE

The southern and western portions of the county are hilly and broken, and the soil quite
thin. The principal growth of the forest being white oak, and, on the most elevated portions'
pine and chesnut oak. The hills abound in kidney and shell iron ore of the richest kind. One
furnace is in operation, making about twelve tons of pig iron per da)'.

The valleys of the Roiling Fork and Pottinger's creek are very fertile, and adapted to the
growth of corn, the most of which is made into copper distilled whisky.

The chief products of the county are hogs, mules, catt'e, and horses.

There are several excellent medical springs on the extreme southern edge of the county,
from which Mr. Owen, the State Geologist, has recently taken water for the purpose of anali-
zing.

An Agricultural Association was organized in this county in 1856. The Fair Groin. ds have
been improved by the erection of an amphitheatre, cottage, stalls, wells, &c, at a cost, of about
$9,000. Two Fairs have been held, both of which were eminently successful. The effects of
this Association has exerted a very decided and marked effect on the farmers of this county
by causing a spirit of impiovement among them in their stock, implements, &c, and a luudV
ble spirit of rivalry. W. JOtiNSON.

Mr. R. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. Stale Agricultural Society.

REPORT FROM TRIGG COUNTY, BY MR. A. S. DABNEY, OF CADIZ.

Trigg county is situated in the south western part of Kentucky; is bounded by Tennessee
on the south; Tennessee river on the west; Lyon and Caldwell counties on the north; and
Christian county on the east.

Soil. About one third is broken and mountainous, lying principally between Cumberland
and Tennessee rivers, and the spurs, on the east side of the former river, as also of Donald-on
and Dry creeks, and lower part of Little river; the balance is good arable land, from an infe-
rior up to the highest grade of soil. The eastern and northern portion, embracing that part
lying north of Little river, as also the southern part lying south of Little river, and surround-
ing Roaring Spring, is mostly in a highly cultivated state, and a large portion would compete
with any soil in agricultural products, is of sperior quality, and presents many advantages to
the agriculturist; the valleys, or bottoms, of the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers, are rich
and productive, abounding in superior timber for any and every puipose necessary for the build-
ing up of a country.

Stock is raised in this county to a limited extent, being principally for home use or con
sumption, consisting chiefly in horses and mules, which command fine prices, and but very few
exported. An ample supply of cattle, sheep, and hogs, to supply the county, is produced, but
not much for other markets except hogs; the production of the latter is growing aud increas
ing, and the packers at Canton, within our county do a good business in packing pork, which
is generally shipped, while some find other slaughtering houses as convenience and circum
stances require. The highly remunerative prices renders it a desirable business to engage in
raising hogs.

Crops. — The principal crops are corn and tobacco, as also oats, clover, and millet, and hay
of various kinds. The culture and growth of wheat is rapidly gaining in public favor, and
for some four or five years past has proven so successful as now to become one of the staples.
A few years since those who did not grow wheat obtained their supplies of flour from St.
Louis, Cincinnati, and Louisville; now they are supplied at home by our own mills, which (be-
sides this home supply,) ship large quantities to other markets, and which, in quality, com-
petes with any brands. Corn is frequently shipped or exported, but rarely oats or hay. To
bacco is, however, the staple of this county, and is grown in vast quantities, and of various
grades, from the finest grade to the heaviest. A great many hogsheads are annually shipped,

STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 557

within our borders, upon the Cumberland river, a majority of which is perhaps the growth of
this county.

Minerals. — That portion of the county lying on Cumberland and Tennessee rivers, and
lower part of Littie river, abounds in iron ore of fine quality, and lead is said to exist to some
extent. No other minerals have, as yet, been ascertained.

Mineral Waters. — The Cerulean Spring, situated in the North corner of the county, is
deservedly popular, and known as a fine watering place. The water possesses tine medical
qualities, which are unknown to your correspondent, but which has been pronounced by medi
cal men of superior quality. It is a place of fine resort for invalids, who desire to pass their
time pleasantly and agreeably, as well as profitably. (See Dr. Ozcen's Geological Report, page
246.) There is aLo another spring in Little river, (near the residence of S. S. Liudsey, Esq ,)
of mineral qualities, which is said to be st onger than the water of Ceiulean.

Timber is abundant on Cumberland, Tennessee, and Little river, as well as the other water
courses in the county, and is rapidlv being converted into lumber of various kinds, both for
home and ether markets. Staves, hoop poles, boards and shingles are largely supplied to the
adjoining county of Christian, bringing, iii return, a handsome remuneration; also quantities
are shipped to other markets.

Manufactures We have three blast furnaces in operation, and several others for the man-
ufacture of pig metal. (For the cost of manufacture, &c ., see Geological Report, pages 246-7.)
Besides these there are various mills for manufacturing lumber and grain, situated on Little
river, &c, as well as others propelled by steam, say six water mills and five steam mills; be-
sides these there are tanneries, blacksmiths, carriage aud wagon, shoe and boot, carpenter,
cabinet, coopers shops, aud shop for manufacture of tobacco prize screws, &c.

Navigable Waters. Perhaps but few counties are so well and amply supplied in t'.iis re-
spect The Tennessee river, which is navigable at all seasons of the year, washes our wes-
tern border, the Cumberland, running through the whole county, (on which perhaps more
freight is borne than on any other stream of its size.) Again we have Little river, (declared
to be navigable by Legislative action up to Cadiz, the county-seat,) a distance of some seven-
teen miles, and which, by recent survey, made by a superior engineer, is declared to possess
great advantages for slack -water, by the erection of two locks and dams, to render navigation
permanent to the county seat, offering thereby great inducements to the enterprising citizens
who wish to invest in such business, as would insure a fine yield.

Water power. In this we abound; besides the streams mentioned we have Muddy Fork,
with thiee mills upon it, and Sinking Fork and Donaldson creek, with one each. The water
power on these streams and Little river, with a papulation of sufficient enterprise to bring it
into use in propelling machinery of different kinds, would prove very advantageous in manu
factories, enriching those engaged therein, giving labor to those out of employment, aud oc-
cupation to die industrious; producing a rapid change by circulating money among -those who
are destitute, and making the waste places to fill up and blossom as the rose.

REPORT FROM ROWAN COUNTY.

Mokkhead, Ky , Oct. 16th, 1857.
R. W. Scott, Cor. Sec. K S. A Society:

Dear Sir: I send you a Report of Rowan county, Ky.
It is located in the mountain region of Eastern Kentucky, and bounded on the south by the
Licking river.

The Soil is mostly thin, and nther clayey; well adapted to grass, particularly herds gra39
and timothy; it produces fine oats and tolerable corn, wheat, and rye, though as yet but little
attention has been devoted to the raising of wheat. Potatoes, sweet and lii?h, as well as cab-
bage, grow to a state of great peifection here. Horses, cattle, hogs, mules, and sheep aro
reared for market in this county.

558 REPORT OF THE

Minerals. There is but little mineral as yet discovered in the county, except iron ore,
which exists in great abundance and of the richest quality. The location of the Lexington
and Big Sandy Railroad is through the center of this county, and along the Valley of the
Triplett creek. This valley affords the finest of timber, in great abundance, while the adja-
cent hills are rich in iron ore. Triplett creek affords some good water powers, and as good
sites as could be desired for steam works. The Valley of Triplett is a beautiful valley, and
when properly improved will be a desirable part of the State to live in.

There are but few manufacturing establishments in the county. There is one steam mill,
and perhaps some half dozen water mills in ihe county.

There are no streams running through the county that deserve to be called navigable
strecms, though there is, in time of high tides, downward navigation in Triplett. The Lick-
ing river, on the south side of the county, aifords pretty good downward navigation whenever
there is a rise in the waters. Yours, most respectfully,

HIRAM DAILY!

i ^r d e x; .

PAGE

Act to incorporate the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, &c. 20

Address, annual, by Gov. C. S. Morehead to Kentucky State Agricultural Society - 70

Address, annual, to Kentucky State Agricultural Society by President B. J. Clay - 210

Address, Hon. C. Allan's, published by the State in 1841 8

Address, Hon. C. S. Todd's, before Kentucky State Agricultural Society 1839 - - 6

Addregs of C. D. Kirk to Kentucky Mechanics' Institute 1857 440

Address of Geo. W. Morris to Kentucky Mechanics' Institute for 1857 - - - 433

Address of Hon. L. W. Powell at second Kentucky State Fair 1857 - 255
Address of James R. Curry to the Harrison County Agricultural and Mechanical Asso-

. ciation 1857 .... - 409

Address of Thos. B Stevenson to Mason and Bracken Society 186

Agricultural Fairs, first attended by ladies 127

Agricultural Fairs in Kentucky, historical sketch of ------ - 124

Agricultural Fairs, music at first introduced - - - - - - - 126

Agricultural Schools and Colleges for Kentucky recommended 216

Agricultural Schools for Kentucky — proposed to be endowed by the State — by Hon. D.

Merriwether ............. 7

Agricultural Schools in Kentucky, bill to establish introduced in the Kentucky Legisla-
ture by Hon. Jas. Guthrie in 1840 - - 7

Agricultural Societies — County — reports of 1856 ------- 67

Agricultural Societies — County — early, in Kentucky, officers of 127

Agricultural Societies in Kentucky in 1856, reports of 131

Agriculture, the advantages to, of protective duties on imported goods, by Hon. A.

Beatty r 292

Allen, Albert, prize Essay of to Kentucky State Agricultural Society 1856 - - 78

Awards at the second Kentucky State Fair 1857 - 247

Barren county, report from - 535

Beatty, Hon Adam, his four Premium Essays -------- 7

Board of Directors of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, proceedings of in Louis-
ville, September 1st, 1857 = 219

Board of Directors of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, proceedings of at Hender-
son, September, 1857 220

Bourbon County Agricultural Society, full report for 1857 - - 312
Bourbon County Agricultural Society, settlement of with the Kentucky State Agricul-
tural Society, 1856 - - 62

Bracken County, report from ..-.-... ... 540

Breckinridge, Mrs ft. J., first lady to attend a Fair, ------- 137

Ereckinridge, R. J., prize essay of, to Kentucky State Agricultural Society 1856, on

crops or staples of any kind ----------- 94

Breckinridge, R. J., prize essay of, to Kentucky State Agricultural Society in 1856, on

breeding stock of any kind - - 99

Breckinridge, R. J., his prize essay on the use and assistance of Mechanics to Agricul-
ture - 119

Breeding animals for the farm, essay on, by F. J. Flanagan ------ 265

Breeding Stock of any kind, prize essay on, by Albert Allen ----- 78

By Lawj of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, and duties of officers . - - 217

500

INDEX.

Cabinet of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, specimens contained in, 1857 - - 302

Cattle, Kentucky as seen from abroad -------.-- 60

Chinese Sugar Cane, essay on the cultivation, uses, &c. of, by Mrs. M. J. Daviess, pre-
mium to by Kentucky State Agricultural Society, 1857 --.... 287

Corn as a staple, essay on, by Dr. J. S. Seaton, premium to, by Kentucky State Agri-
cultural Society, 1857 - ■ 284

Corresponding Secretary cf Kentucky State Agricultural Society, report of - • G6

Corresponding Secretary's report, for 1857, to Kentucky State Agricultural Society - 299

Corresponding Secretary, circular of, to County Societies for 1857 .... 300

Counties in Kentucky, reports of - ......... 534

Counties, statistical reports of, to Kentucky State Agricultural Society, 1857 - - 303

County Agricultural Societies in Kentucky, abstract of their reports for 1856 - - 67
County Agricultural and Mechanical Society, condensed reports of, to Kentucky State

Agricultural Society, 1857 - - - - . - - - - - - 304

Crops of Kentucky, Essay on, by R. J. Spurr 92

Crops or Staples of any kind, prize essay on, by R. J. Breckinringe • . - 94

Daviess County, report from 535

Directors of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, report to the Legislature in 1857 1
Directors of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, proceedings of in 1856 61
Directors of Kentucky State Agricultural Society (or 1857, proceedings of - - - 215
Essay on Corn as a Staple, by Dr. J S. Seaton, premiums to by Kentucky State Agri-
cultural Society, 1857 .... -284

Essay on the advantages to Agriculture of protective duties on imported goods, by

Hon. A. Beatty ... ... . .... 292

Essay on the Cultivation of Fruits and Fruit Trees of Kentucky, premium awarded J.

N. Withers by Kentucky State Agricultural Society, 1857 281

Essay on the Cultivation, Uses, &c, of Chinese Sugar Cane, by Mrs. M. J. Daviess,

premium to, by Kentucky State Agricultural Society, 1857 ..... 287

Essay, prize, on Soils, by D. D. Owen, to Kentucky State Agricultural Society, - - 103

Essays, piemium, written by Hon. A. Beatty in 1841 ....... 7

Essay, prize, by Arthur Peter, on Fruit and Fruit Trees of Kentucky • - - - 111

Essay, prize, by Albert Allen, on Breeding Stock of any kind 78

E-say, premium, by F. J. Flanagan, on Breeding Animals for the Farm - - - 265
Essay, prize, by R. J. Breckinridge, on Crops or Staples of any kind, and the cultiva

tion of them ............ 94

Essay, prize, by R. J. Breckinridge, on Breeding Stock of any kind - - 99
Essay, prize, by R.J. Breckimidge, on the aassistance of Mechanics to Agricul-
ture ... - 119

Essay, prize, by R. J. Spurr, on some of the crops of Kentucky ... - 92

Essavs, premiums awarded to, by Kentucky State Agricultural Society, in 1856 - 54

Essays, premiums awarded to, by Kentucky State Agricultural Society, 1857 - - 264

Fair of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, in 1856, notices of the press, • - 55
Fair, second, of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, description of, and notices of

the press .............. 241

Fair, second, of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, awards at, for 1357 - - 247

Fair, second, of Kentucky State Agriculture Society, address of Gov. Powell at, 1857 255
Farm, model, bill to establish, passed the Senate of Kentucky, introduced by Hon. Jas.

Guthrie, in 1810 - - - - 7

Franklin county, report from, 540

Fruit and Fruit Trees in Kentucky, Essay on, by Arthur Peter, • - - • -111
Fruit and Fruit Trees in Kentucky, Essay on the cultivation of, by f. N. Withers. - 281
Gedogical Survey for Kentucky, first asked by the Kentucky State Agricultural Soci-
ety, in 1839 6

Greenup county, report from -•..-..-..,. 540

INDEX. 561

'Harrison 'County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, address of J. B. Curry, to 409

Henderson county, report from 542

Henderson, Hopkins and Union Agricultural, Mechanical, Horticultural, and Scien-
tific Association, full report of, for 1857 412

Henry county, report from -- 545

Historical sketch of early Fairs and Agricultural Societies in Kentucky - - - 124

History and proceedings of Kentucky State Agricultural Society in 1836 ... 5

History of a Kentucky State Agricultural Society in 1838 ------ 5

History of the present Kentucky State Agricultural Society 9

Hopkins county, report from - - - -- - - • - - - 546

Kenton County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, no report from, for 1857 - 412

Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association, at Lexington, full report for 1857, 413

Kentucky Horticultural Society, report of for 1857 426

Kentucky Mechanics' Institute, full report of for 1857 ------- 427

Kentucky Mechanics' Institute, address to, by Geo. W. Morris, 1857 - 433

Kentucky Mechanics' Institute, address to, by C. D. Kirk, 1857 440

Kentucky State Agricultural Society, list of premiums and judges for 1856 25

Awards at the Fair of, for 1856 44
Premiums of, to Essays, hemp and tooacco in 1856 54
Kentucky State Agricultural Society, settlement of with the Bourbon County Agricul-
tural Society in 1856 ----- 62

Kentucky State Agricultural Society, Treasurer's report of in 1856 - ... -63

Kentucky State Agricultural Society, by-laws of and duties of officers ... 217

Kentucky State Agricultural Society, premium list of second Fair, 1857 - - - 221
Kentucky State Agricultural Society, second Fair of, description and notices of the press

concerning ---. 241

Kentucky State Agricultural Society, awards at the second Fair of 247

Kentucky State Agricultural Society, address of Gov. Powell at second Fair of - - 255

Kentucky State Agricultural Society, premiums awarded to Essays by, for 1857 - - 264

Kentucky State Agricultural Society, Treasurer's report for 1857 .... 3U8

Ladies first attend Agricultural Fairs 127

Letcher county, report from ---- 547

Lewis county, report from - 548

Library of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, 1857, periodicals and books in - - 301

Logan County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full report of, for 1857 - - 445

Logan county, report from 549

Madison country, report from - - -, 549

Mason county, report from 553

Meeting of Board of Directors of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, March, 1857 - 215

Montgomery county, report from 554

Morehead, Gov. C. S., address of to Kentucky State Agricultural Society, 1856 - - 70

Nelson County, report from -- 555

Officers of Kentucky State Agricultural Society for 1857, elected .... 213

Organization of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society 23

Owen, D. D., prize essay of, on soils, 103

Patent Office, United States, asked to be made a distributory of seeds, by the Kentucky

State Agricultural Society in 1838 6

Peter, Arthur, prize essay of, on Fruit and Fruit trees in Kentucky, - - - - 111

Powell, Hon. L. W., address of, at Second State Fair 225

Premium List and committees of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, 1856 - - 25

Premium List of the Second Kentucky State Fair >■ 221

Premiums for tobacco, by Kentucky State Agricultural Society - 240

Prize Essays of Kentucky State Agricultural Society in 1856 78

562 INDEX.

Proceedings of Board of Directors of Kentucky State Agricultural Society in Louis-
ville, September 1, 1857 2l9

Proceedings of Board of Directors of Kentucky State Agricultural Society at Hender-
son, Kentucky, October 1857 220

Report from Barren County -.---.---- -- 535

Bracken County ......... 540

Daviess County - 535

Franklin County 540*

Greenup County . 542

Henderson County 542

Henry County - - - 545

Hopkins County .......... 546-

Letcber County - - 547

Lewis County - 548

Logan county 549

Madison county * 549

Mason County ------------ 553

Montgomery County - - - - 554

Nelson County '■- . . . . .. 555

Rowan county ...*- 557

Trigg county 556

Report of Board of Directors of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society for 1857 to

the Legislature of Kentucky .."...- .... 1
Report of the Corresponding Secretary of Kentucky State Agricultural Society 1856 - 66
Report of the Corresponding Secretary of Kentucky State Agricultural Society 1857 - 299"
Report of the Treasurer of Kentucky State Agricultural Society for 1857 - - - 308
Reports of counties,, statistical, &c, to Kentucky State Agricultural Society 1657 - 303
Reports of County Agricultural Societies in Kentucky in 1856 ----- 67
Reports of County Agricultural and Mechanical Societies in Kentucky for 1856 - 131
Reports of County Agricultural and Mechanical Associations to Kentucky State Agri-
cultural Society 1857 -- - 303

Reports of County Agricultural and Mechanical Societies in Kentucky full reports of 1857 31 1

Report of Campbell County Agricultural Society, full for 1857 ----- 330
Central Kentucky Stock, Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for

1857 339

Christian County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - 349

Clarke County Stock Society, full for 1857 358

Crab Orchard Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - - 364

Daviess County Agricultural and Mechanical Society, full for 1857 - - 371

Fulton County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - 384

Green River Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - - 394

Glenville Stock Association, full for 1857 392

Harrison County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - 397
Henderson, Hopkins and Union Agricultural, Horticultural, Mechanical and

Scientific Association, full for 1857 412

Kenton County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, no report for 1857 41"

Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - - 413

Kentucky Horticultural Society for 1857 - 42&

Kentucky Mechanics' Institute, full for 1857 - - - - - 427

Logan County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - - 445

Nelson County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - - 451

North Kentucky Agricultural Society, full for 1857 451

lsdex. 563

Report of North Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association of Mason, Lewis,

and Fleming Counties, full for 1857 472

Ohio County Agricultural, Mechanical and Domestic Society, full for 1857 - 48L

South-Western Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - - 498
South-Western Agricultural and Mechanical Association, near Paducah, full

for 1857 - - - 500

Springfield Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - 492
Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - - - 501
Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association of Mason and Bracken Coun-
ties, full for 1857 514

Warren Couuty Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full for 1857 - 527

Robinson, Solon, recommended Music at Agricultural Fairs ..... 126

Rowan County, report from ----- 557

Sanders, Col. Lewis, letter of, on early Cattle Shows in Kentucky .... 124
School, Agricultural for Kentucky, first asked by the Kentucky State Agricultural So-
ciety in 1839 7

schools, Agricultural for Kentucky, endowment by the State, proposed by Hon. D. Mer-

riwether 7

Seed, distribution of by Kentucky State Agricultural Society in 1857 .... 302

Societies, Agricultural and Mechanical, in Kentucky, reports of for 1856 - - - 131
Societies, County Agricultural and Mechanical, condensed reports of, to Kentucky

State Agricultural Society, 1857 304

Society, Bourbon County Agricultural Society, report of ----- - 132

Bourbon County Agricultural, full report for 1857 312

Campbell County Agricultural, full report of, for 1857 330

Central Kentucky Stock, Agricultural and Mechanical Association, report of 132

Central Kentucky at Danville, full report of, for 1857 339

Christian County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, report of - - 136

Christian County Agricultural and Mechanical, full report of, for 1857 - - 349

Clarke County Horse and Mule Improving Association, report of - - - 136

Clarke County Stock, full report of, for 1857 358

Crab Orchard Agricultural Society, report of------- 139

Crab Orchard Agricultural and Mechanical, full report of, for 1857 - - 364

Daviess County Agricultural and Mechanical, report of - - - - - 141

Daviess County Agricultural and Mechanical, full report of, for 1857 - - 371

Fulton County Agricultural, report of ...... 141

Fulton County Agricultural and Mechanical, full report of, for 1857 - - 384

Gknville Stock, full report of, for 1857 392

Green River Agricultural and Mechanical, full report of, for 1857 - - - 394

Harrison County Agricultural, report of ....... 147

Harrison County Agricultural and Mechanical, full report of, for 1857 - - 397
Henderson, Hopkins and Union Agricultural, Horticultural, and Mechanical, re-
port of 143

Kenton County Agricultural, report of 153

Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association, at Lexington, report of - 153
Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical Association, at Lexington, full report

for 1857, . 413

Kentucky Mechanics' Institute, Louisville, Kentucky, report of 164

Kentucky Mechanics' Institute, full report for 1857 - 427

Kentucky State Agricultural, in Kentucky, in 1838, history of ... 5

Kentucky State Agricultural, history of, and how organized .... 9

Logan County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, report for 1856 - 161

Logan County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, full report for 1857 445

Nslson County Agricultural Association, report of, for 1856 .... 168

564 INDEX.

Society, Nelson County Agricultural and Mechanical, full report of, for 1857 - - 451

North Kentucky Agricultural, report for 1856 170

North Kentucky Agricultural, full report of, for 1857 451

North Kentucky of Mason, Lewis and Fleming counties, report of, for 1857 - 472

Ohio County Agricultural, Mechanical and Domestic, full report of, for 1857 481

Springfield Union Agricultural and Mechauical Association, report of - - 180

Springfield Union Agricultural and Mechanical, full report of, for 1857 - - 492
South Western Agricultural and Mechanical Association, near Louisville, report

for 1856 171

South Western Agricultural and Mechanical , at Louisville, full report of, for 1857 498
South Western Agricultural and Mechan ical Association, at Paducab, report of 178
South Western Agricultural and Mechanical, at Paducah, report of, for 1857 - 500
Union, Agricultural and Mechanical, near Eminence, report of 199
Union Agricultural and Mechanical, near Eminence, full report of, for 1857 - 501
Union Agricultural and Mechanical Association, of Mason and Bracken, re-
port of 184

Union Agricultural and Mechanical, of Mason and Bracken, report of - - 195

Union Agricultural and Mechanical, of Mason and Bracken, report of - 514

Warren County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, report of 204

Warren County Agricultural and Mechanical, full report of, for 1857 - - 527

Soils, prize essay on, by D. D. Owen, 103

Spurr, R. J., prize essay of, to Kentucky State Agricultural Society, 1856 - - 92
Statistics, Agricultural of Kentucky, first asked by the Kentucky State Agricultural

Society, in 1838 6

State Agricultural Society, in Kentucky, in 1838 5

State Agricultural Society of Kentucky, when and how organized .... 9

Names and Post-office of first members of - 12

Charter of the 20

First officers of 23

Annual meeting, January, 1857 ... 209

Library of, in 1857 301

Seeds distributed by, in 1857 .... 302
Cabinet of, specimens in .... 302
Stevenson, Thomas B., Address by, to the Union Agricultural and Mechanical Associa-
tion of Mason and Bracken 186

Stock, breeding of any kind, prize essay on, by R. J. Breckinridge .... 99
Survey, Geological, for Kentucky, first asked for by the Kentucky State Agricultural

Society in 1839 6

Tobacco, premiums for offered, for 1853 240

Treasurer's Report of the Kentucky State Agricultural Society, for 1856 63

Treasurer's Report of Kentucky State Agricultural Society, for 1857 .... 308

Trigg County, report from - - • 556

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