''''hi Hitiiiiii'i lui'i'iP'i Lhiilii, 'Q ^ CI|e ^- ^. ^m pbrarg bai5 iMlV.M .1,'^,?.^?/'' 0" "'LL LIBRARY . jliii S00288489 $ This BOOK may be kept out TWO WEEKS ONLY, and is subject to a fine of FIVE CENTS a day thereafter. It is due on the day indicated below: *IH1 i^A. 2Je'4iF 4Ag'46£ 28Ap'48j 19Sep52v 6 Dec' 58^ 3Jun"60H JAN 6 1965 7 1935 m ^ u JAN 2 1SI88 EGBERT BUIST, NURSERY AND SEEDSMAN. Warehouse, No. 84 Chestnut Street, below Third, south side : City Greenhouses, No. 140 South Twelfth Street; Nursery and Seed Farm, Pass}'T.ink Road. Fruit, Shade and Ornamental Trees OF EVERY DESCRIPTION; Grape Vines, Evergreens, Roses and other Shrubs; Greenhouse and Garden Plants; SEEDS of my own growth or imported, wholesale and Retail. Garden and Farm Implements of approved make. Iron Vases, Settees and Chairs. Every article war- ranted to be what it is represented. Eighteen years established. Author of the "American Flower Garden Directory," "Rose Manual," "Family Kitchen Gardener," &c. All cash orders promptly attended to. THE ROSE MANUAL; CONTAINING ACCURATE Di:SCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE FINEST YARIETIES OF ROSES PROPERLY CLASSED IN THEIR RESPECTIVE FAMILIES, THEIR CHARACTER AND MODE OF CULTURE, DIRECTIONS FOR THEIR PROPAGATION, AND THE DESTRUCTION OF INSKCTS. WITH ENGRAVINGS. Sccoji"D HiJiifon, tefUj .^i"D"i3itious. BY ROBERT BUIST, Xr IIS Ell T MAX, SEEDSMAV"aND FI.OUIST, Aulliorof '"The American Flower Garden Directory," 'Family Kitchen Ciardener."' &c. PHILADELPHIA: FOR THE AUTHOR AND MESSRS. CAREY AND HART. 1847. Entered according to the Act of Congress, in tlie year 1844, by R. BUIST, in the Office of the Clerk of the District Court for the Eaaterr- District of Pennsylvania. PniLADELPHIA: T. K. AND P. G. COLLINS, PRINTERS. INTRODUCTION. Custom has made it the privilege of authors to set forth the merit and purport of their productions in some preliminary remarks. Of this privilege I gladly avail myself, to disclaim at once all preten- sions to the art of composition. These pages owe their existence merely to the repeated demands of numerous friends and cus- tomers, for a work on Roses, simple in its arrange- ment, and clear in its directions. I have endea- voured to gratify their wishes, and have now only to hope that their satisfaction may bear some propor- tion to the pleasure I have found in the task. This volume contains the result of twenty-three years' experience on the subject of which it treats, eighteen of which have been as a nurseryman cul- tivating the largest collection in the country. I do not wish to be understood, however, as arrogating to myself any greater share of knowledge in rose culture than can be acquired by all practical men. 38424 VI INTRODUCTION. But it is not to these that I address myself. My humble aim has been to present to the inexperi- enced lovers of the Rose, a guide to enable them to select, cultivate, and propagate their favourite flow- er. The undertaking has occupied the greater part of my leisure hours for the past two yeaiw, during which period, observations made among the nume- rous collections of nurserymen and amateurs in this vicinity, induced me frequently to alter descriptions I had already written, colours varying to so great an extent in different soils and seasons. The first season after planting, roses do not, in general, flower in all the perfection to which they can be brought after one or two years' growth, tak- ing that time to become thoroughly established. A few of the new kinds have bloomed but once ; a very accurate description of such can scarcely be expected ; and in some instances it may hereafter appear that I have not done full justice to their real merit. Amateurs have hitherto found great diffi- culty in selecting from the catalogues of nurserymen. This treatise, we hope, may be found of service in assisting them to form their collections ; and the in- dex of names, referring, as it does, to the character of every rose mentioned in the work, will, we think, prove especially useful. Incorrectness in the name of plants has long been a INTRODUCTION. Vll stigma on commercial gardening ; none can pretend to be quite immaculate in this matter, but all may become still more careful in avoiding these inaccu- racies. Every nurseryman is now aware of the great responsibility resting upon him relative to correct nomenclature, and no honest man will condescend to contribute in spreading the practice of attaching a false name. On this point we think Philadelphia nurserymen are as free from reproach as any in the Union, and I may be permitted to add, that in rose culture they are adepts, living, as they do, as it were in a very hotbed of roses, fostered by the judicious management of the Horticultural Society, and encouraged by the patronage of the lovers of flowers, who, amongst us, are almost as numerous as the dwellings of our city and county. It would be ungrateful not to add my sincere acknowledg- ments to all those to whom I am indebted for valu- able information, and in an especial manner to a lady amateur, whose valuable services have fre- quently brightened our ideas. And finally, let me be allowed to place this humble offering under the patronage of the Ladies, trusting that their love of the subject will induce them to look over all defi- ciencies in the manner of treating it, and hoping that the views and experience of a practical man, honestly given, and in a style aiming at nothing but PREFACE. As far as possible, we have avoided entering into detail on subjects not known to us, or to those in this country whose judgment can be relied upon. Were we disposed, it would be an easy method of attraction, to republish the volumes of European authors, but we prefer to have a smaller shadow, and hope a better substance in detailing only what is, and what can be practised and relied upon in this variable climate. One deficiency, which all writers on the Rose labour under, is the want of a classical nomenclature ; many names are entirely fanciful, without derivation or application ; catalogues can- not generally be depended upon, either in name or description ; even those who know and do all things more perfectly than others, frequently fall into anomalies of the most outre character. However, this does not detract from the beautiful new varieties that we have brought to the notice of our readers, and whoever of them visits the ^^ City of Love," bedded in roses, will find that its Florists, Ama- teurs, and devoted cultivators are in the advance, or at least not in the rear of any people,, or portion of the United States, in the knowledge, culture, and possession of this Queen of Flowers. Robert Buist. Phuadelphia, 1847. CONTENTS. Rosa Alpina, The Boursault Rose, - - - - - 13 Rosa Sempervirests, The Evergreen Rose, - - - - - 15 Rosa Banksiaxa, The Lady Banks Rose, - - - - 18 Rosa Multiflora. The Multiflora Rose, - - - - - 20 HxDRiD Climbing Roses, - - - - - 23 Rosa Rubifolia, The Prairie Rose, - - - - - 27 Rosa Rubiginosa, The Sweet Briar, - * - - - 33 Rosa Lutea, The Yellow Austrian Rose, - - - - 36 Rosa Spiijosissima, The Scotch, or Biunet Rose, - - - - 39 Rosa Centifolia, The Provins, or Cabbage Rose, - - - 41 Rosa Centifolia Muscosa, The Moss Rose, - - - - - 44 Rosa Gailica, The Rose of France, - - - - - 50 Striped, Spotted, axd Marbled Roses, - - - 57 Rosa Alba, The White Garden Rose, - - - - 61 Rosa Damascena, The Damask Rose, - - - - -63 Xll CONTENTS. Htdrib Chinese Roses, - - - - - 65 Plantikg, - - - - • - 75 Growing Roses from Sees, - - - - 77 Propagation of Garden or June Roses, - - 81 Propagation bt Budding, - - - - 84 Propagation bt Graft*ing, - - - - 88 Noisette Roses, - - - - - - 91 Rosa Indica Odorata, The Tea Scented Rose, - • - - 109 Rosa Indica, The Bengal Chinese, or Daily Rose, - - - 125 Rosa Lawrenciana, The Miniature Rose, .... - 138 Rosa Bourboniana, The Bourbon Rose, - - - - - 140 Remontantes, Or, Hybrid Peipetual Rose, - - - - 153 Perpetual Damask Rose, .... 160 Rosa Microphti.la, Or, Small Leaved Rose, - - - - 168 Rosa Moschata, Musk Scented Rose, - - - - - 172 Cultivation of Roses in Pots, - - - - 174 L1Q.UID Manure, --«--. 176 Poudrette, - - - - - - 176 Guano, ....... 176 Insects injurious to the Rose, - - - - 177 Mildew on the Rose, . . - . . 178 Propagation of Roses that bloom the whole season, 179 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. ROSA ALPINA THE BOURSATTLT HOSE. This tribe takes its name from the late Mons. Boursault, a distinguished French amateur horti- culturist. They are the hardiest of the climbing roses — easily known by their long flexible shoots, of a reddish-purple colour, and withstanding with impunity the severest of our winters, flowering pro- fusely early in the season ; they may well be termed the harbingers of the rosary. They are well adapt- ed for covering arbours or concealing outbuildings, walls, or any other disagreeable objects. They are also frequently cultivated for stocks, whereon to bud other roses of more rare character, which purpose they will answer very well; though a plant thus formed renders its durability uncertain, being very liable to sucker , or throw out shoots from the ground,, thereby taking away nourishment from the part of 2 , h, C. State Ccllegt 14 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. the plant which most requires it ; of course, all suck- ers or shoots below the bud or graft must be dis- placed. It was introduced in 1829-30. The fol- lowing sorts are most worthy of notice. Amadis or Elegans are the same; of rapid growth, makes a most magnificent pyramid of rich purple crimson ; the flowers are produced in clus- ters, are perfectly double, and of considerable dura- tion. White Boursault, Blush, Bengal, Florida, Rose de Lisle, the same rose, known under all these, and even some other names ; the flowers are very large, of a blush colour, with a deep pink centre, pendulous, and very showy, but occasionally do not open w^ell. Gracilis, is of slender growth, with bright pink flowers, not fully double, but very pro- fuse, hiermis, has large bright pink flowers, in great profusion ; grows rapidly, and is rendered the more desirable by having a little fragi-ance, of which, with this exception, this group are entirely destitute. Purpurea, purple crimson flowers, little more than half double; it is the most common of the tribe, and has been extensively cultivated and sold under the name of Purple Noisette, Maheka, Michigan, &c., and is cultivated and sold from the flat boats on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers under all these and several other names; compared with the pre- ceding sorts, it is not worth culture. Red or Pink ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. 15 is the oldest variety, with flowers only semidouble ; the colour is pretty, and its profusion, at a distance, makes up for deficiency of petals. The species Rosa Alpina is a native of the Alps, where its scrubby habit has little affinity to the rampant growers now described. They should have, wherever planted, plenty of space allotted for them; for after being one or two years established, they will make shoots ten to twelve feet long. In pruning, the oldest w^ood should be cut out, merely to keep the branches from being too crowded : the flowers are produced from the wood of the preceding year. They will grow freely in any soil or situation, and will bear with impunity the severest winters of the northern states. ROSA SEMPERVIRENS. THE evehgreex rose. This rose and its varieties, although very popu- lar in France and England, lose much of the cha- racter implied by the name when cultivated in this part of the United States, where they become de- ciduous, losing their foliage on the approach of 16 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. severe frost. But in the more favoured southern climes, they retain it during winter, and there grow and bloom in profuse wreaths or garlands, making them objects of great attraction in their season. They are in colour generally pale, making a de- cided contrast with the Boursault family. They grow rapidly, and are well adapted for arches, grottos, rockwork, pillars, or trellises. The foliage is of a peculiarly bright shining green. Adelaide d^ Orleans has flowers of a pale rosy blush, very double and perfectly formed, in large clusters, valuable for blooming later than any of what are termed June Roses. Donna Maria, and Princess Maria, appear to be the same, or so nearly alike, that a distinction cannot be even faintly drawn. Flowers nearly white. FeHcite Perpeiuelle has been recognized under many names in Europe, but it is believed to be pure here : it is a very perfect rose, beautifully cupped, of a creamy-white colour, and when well grown makes a magnificent pyramid. Myriantlies is of the most regular form, being very double, and imbricated to the centre; a plant covered with its delicate rosy-coloured flowers is a charming object. It has been sold (as its name imports) as a Noisette, blooming all the season, a character which it never merited, never had, and never will have. Sempervirens Pleno, a pure ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. 17 white, is our oldest variety, perfectly double, and a very desirable rose ; it is the parent of Noisette Aimee Vibert, an association which will long pre- serve it from oblivion. Triomphe de Bollwiller, is a superb blush-white rose, very large, very double, in great clusters, and agreeably fragrant; in the south it is surprisingly fine, but with us it is rather tender. When this rose first made its appearance in France, it came out as the most beautiful of the "Teas;" after its more general cultivation it was placed among the Noisettes ; it now falls back to those sorts that only bloom once, where it is now distinguished under the name of Sempervirens odo- rata. After fourteen years' travel through the French catalogue it is now set down where it should have been placed at first, a situation given to it by me four years ago. There are several other varieties of Rosa Sempervirens, but none of suffi- cient interest or distinction from the above to claim any detailed notice. In the southern states, this family, associated with Rosa Laevigata or Georgia Evergreen Rose^ would make a very splendid group for covering fences, embankments, or any other ob- ject where a continual foliage was desirable; they require very little pruning, and would soon cover a large space. They could be propagated by layering to any extent; any good soil will suit their growth. 18 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. They could also be used for covering the naked stems of trees with great advantage, in an orna- mental point of view ; if used for such a purpose they will require a portion of manure dug into the ground about their roots every winter. In pruning, the wood of several years old should be cut out, only laying in the young shoots their full length ; these shoots can be turned and twisted in any di- rection; although it is decidedly best to lay them in straight and equal. ROSA BANKSIANA, THE LADY BANKS HOSE. When this rose first made its appearance in the time of Sir Joseph Banks, it w^as hailed with the greatest rapture by every lover of the tribe, and it was instantly complimented with the name of his lady. It is the states south of this where it must be seen to be pronounced the most graceful, luxu- riant, and beautiful of roses ; there it is a perfect evergreen, covering the ends, fronts, and, in some instances, the entire dwellings of many of the ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. 19 inhabitants, who name it the ''Evergreen Multi- floral To us, the beauty of the plant is nearly- lost, being too tender for planting in the garden;* when grown in the greenhouse, its beauty and luxu- riance almost disappear. This thornless rose is so perfectly double that it rarely produces seed. Al- though many European growers recognize and sell several varieties of Banksia Roses, yet there are only two, in our opinion, that deserve attention; the others are hybrids, mere misnomers. One cata- logue offers twenty-one varieties, all beautifully named, our goodly city being complimented by Philadelphica having a place in the list. The flowers are produced on the small twiggy branches, hence it is important to divest the plants of any long rampant growth that it may set forth, unless it is required to lay in to fill up any vacancy. The White Banksian Rose has flowers little more than half an inch in diameter, which are of the purest white, with a delicate pink centre of a very de- lightful violet perfume, and are produced in a pro- fusion of small clusters. The Yellow Banksian Rose has pale yellow, or straw-coloured flowers, in size rather larger than the white, being perfectly * Though in some very shehered situations in this city we have seen plants covering a space of forty feet, and producing thou- sands of flowers. 20 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. imbricated, and really gems of beauty, but without odour ; if either this or the white were to be seen apart from the plant, by the inexperienced, they would never be taken for a rose, so unlike are they to any of the tribe. Travelers inform us that these roses are cultivated in China, under the name of Wongmoue-heong, where a pink variety has been seen, for which as yet we have longed in vain ; but it may now be confidently expected, from the many Horticultural expeditions at present engaged in exploring that hitherto sealed country. ROSA MULTIFLORA. THE MULTIFLORA ROSE Is a native of Japan, and is consequently more hardy than the preceding family. Its name is as familiar to the ear as that of the rose itself. It was among the first that ever had any celebrity in this vicinity, and I have no doubt of its having been cultivated in this country thirty years ago. In dry soils it is tolerably hardy, and south of this per- fectly so. The flowers are produced in such pro- fusion that it has often received the cognomen of ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. 21 iv7'eath-rose. The treatment and pruning may be the same as recommended for Rosa Sempervirens. Several varieties have been produced from it, which in some instances rivaled the original. Alha is a blush white, in every character similar to the fol- lowing, except in colour. Multiflora is the name of the oldest cultivated sort. The flowers are per- fectly double, cupped shape, produced in clusters of a pretty pink colour, about an inch in diameter. When first brought into notice about Philadelphia, it is said that twenty dollars were frequently given for a single plant. Floriculture has now more patronage, and thousands of admirers, so that the grower can afford to put every article at a very low rate ; indeed many roses, and even the one in ques- tion, can be purchased for as many cents, so that for this trifle every garden in the land may have a rose. Grevillia, or Seven Sisters, was at one period greatly esteemed and admired for its variety of character; although its singulaiity is still the same, yet its former admirers have transferred their encomiums to other more beautiful sorts. It is a fine grower, producing its flowers in large clusters, not two of w^hich are alike ; opening of every shade, from pure white to deep purple. Indeed this rose has no compeer; it produces its flowers single, semidouble, and double, and in such variety 22 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. of shade and colour, that there are rarely two alike. An east or northeast situation suits it best ; other- wise the effect of its variety is greatly diminished by the direct rays of the sun. It requires a dry sheltered spot. Laure Davoust is the climax of perfection in this family; with all the aid of the imagination its beauty on a well grown plant can- not be pictured. The flowers are of various shades of colour, from white to a lovely deep pink, perfect in form; the clusters are immense, and produced from almost every eye of the strong w^ood of the preceding year; it is of very strong growth, making shoots of twenty feet in one season, with very lux- uriant foliage, and is more hardy than the three former. For covering outbuildings, verandas, co- lumns, temples, &c., it has no superior. Russel- lianay Scarlet Grevillia, Russell's Cottage Rose, Cottage Rose, and I believe it is sold under some other titles besides, is considerably hybridized, but not so as to lose its character as a pillar rose. I have pillars of it twenty feet high, forming, during the month of June, a very attractive object, having a profusion of flowers of the richest shades of crimson ; many of them being striped with white. From the base to the pinnacle it is one mass of glowing beauty. Perfectly hardy in our coldest latitudes, it has large rich green foliage, very distinctly and deeply ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. 23 nerved, the shoots are strong and erect, and will grow freely in any soil or situation. The old shoots only should be thinned out ; the young wood ought never to be shortened unless locality demands it. The same style of pruning will apply to all the varieties of the Multiflora. This opera- tion should be performed early in the spring, before the buds swell, but never when the wood is in a frozen state. In more southern climates pruning can be done at any period, from December to January; but in the middle and eastern states it should be undertaken as soon as frost is out of the wood, in February or March, and the plants tied or nailed at once to their respective supports. Mul- tiflora Graulhie is the only pure white of this group. I have seen the flowers perfectly double, rather larger than the common variety: a very strong grower and blooms freely. HYBRID CLIMBING ROSES. Under this head I have to place several sorts that have made their appearance, partaking of the habits of other families, but which, notwithstand- 24 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. ing, cannot be properly classed with them. It is always a difficult point to decide on the connecting link between the various species and varieties of the rose ; they have now become so numerous by hybridization, sports, and other speculative features, that in many instances there is doubt where to place many choice sorts that are almost yearly brought to our notice. I will, however, in no in- stance, follow the path of others, merely because the track is made, but will, from observation, make all my own assertions, and give my own views, trusting that my readers will make allowances for soil, climate, and a difference of opinion on all subjects. Garland is a pretty white, producing its flowers in clusters, containing frequently from seventy-five to one hundred, forming a conical corymb of about sixteen inches in diameter, the whole plant appear- ing in the distance like a pagoda of snow inter- spersed with foliage of the brightest green; the growth is very rapid, making ten to twenty feet in a season. Madame d^Arhlay, or Wells' White Climber, has been highly extolled ; in growth it is the giant of climbers, for strength and rapidity ex- celling any that I have seen; the foliage is also very strong, partaking, in that respect, of the Bourbon family. Its flowers are pure white, like ■M. € State € silent ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. 25 the preceding, and produced in very large bunches. It is of a very hardy nature, and will withstand severe cold without being the least affected. For covering arches, arbours, or such erections, it has no equal; there is no doubt of its also being an excellent variety to propagate for stocks whereon to bud or graft the finer sorts of Bengal, Tea, or Bourbon Roses, having no appearance of being liable to sucker from the root. Ruse Blanche, or Bengalensis Scandens, is ap- parently a hybrid between some of the Semper- virens and Tea family; its very large flowers, about three and a half inches in diameter, perfectly double, of a waxy blush color delicately suffused with white, are objects of great attraction, and admired wherever seen; it is moreover a very early rose. Whoever has visited the celebrated Bartram Garden, near this city, about the end of May or first of June, must have been struck with its beauty there, spreading nearly over the whole side of the dwelling, and covered with thousands of pendulous blushing beauties. The variety of names under which it is cultivated (even by indi- viduals that ought to see better) is really amusing. Rose and White Noisette, Striped Noisette, Indica Major, Walton Climber, a new rose from Natchez, and some others, of which I have no note. Ruga, 3 26 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. or Tea Scented Ayrshire, is evidently a variety between the Tea Rose and the celebrated Ayrshire Rose, having the growth and habit of the latter, with a considerable portion of the delightful fra- grance of the former; it is of the most delicate blush colour, and tolerably double ; a profuse bloom- er, and seeds freely. It does well as a pillar Rose, but has not wood nor foliage sufficient for covering walls or arbours. Astrolabe, Elegans, Hybrida, and some others of this class, are not worth attention; all these roses bloom only once in the season, but are of considerable duration, say six weeks in cool seasons, but if in severe heat, their time of inflorescence wdll not exceed one month. The pruning and training recommended for Rosa Sempervirens will suit these. They are all fragrant, and a rosary cannot be complete without them. To grow them in perfection, they require rich ground on a dry bottom ; in such a situation, after being well-established, they will make shoots twenty feet long in one season. ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. 27 ROSA RUBIFOLIA THE PRAIHIE ROSE. This native is destined to convey to every hall, cottage, and wigwam of the Union, the Rose, the acknowledged queen of flowers. Its constitution is such that it will bear without injury the icy breezes of the St. Lawrence, or the melting va- pours of the Mississippi. It was in 1837 that we first saw a double variety of this rose, although such has been cultivated in Ohio and Kentucky for many years. The flowers are produced in large clusters of various shades of colour from blush to deep rose, blooming with us from the end of June to the end of July, being a period of the year when there are few others in a flowering state, thereby filling up a space between the first and second blooming of the Noisette, Tea, and Bourbon fami- lies. The foliage is rough, large, and generally of a dark green; the wood is strong and flexible, and for rapidity of growth has no equal. I have no doubt that in good soil it would reach one hun- dred feet in a very few years. It is admirably adapted for covering rock work, old buildings, or 28 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. any other object requiring to be hid; it also delights in a procumbent position, and can be used for covering naked spaces of rough ground, or even to make a flowery carpet of every shade of colour. For the following varieties we are indebted to Mr. Samuel Feast, Nurseryman, Baltimore, who raised them from seeds of the native Prairie Rose. There is not a rose fancier but will thank him for opening a field for the hybridizer, in which the rose is to be cultivated to admiration, and blooming six months of the year, throughout every state of the Union. These roses will form parents to be impregnated with the more fragrant blooming sorts, such as Bourbon, Tea, Bengal and Noisette. We may therefore expect from them a progeny perfectly hardy, and blooming at least three or four times during the season. In general, rose growing is confined to latitudes south of 41°; the Chinese va- rieties, and their hybrids, that bloom constantly, being too tender to bear winter exposure north of that line. When we can produce perpetual bloom- ing hybrids from this Rosa Rubifolia, they will with- stand every variety of climate, and perhaps may some day be seen covering the frozen hut of the Esquimaux. Baltimore Belle is a pale waxy blush, fading to nearly white, produces a profusion of very ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. 29 compact and perfectly double flowers in clusters of six to twelve, very splendid. Beauty of the Prairies, or Queen of the Prai- ries, Mr. Feast's No. 1, is certainly the best of the group, having very large rose-coloured flowers three inches in diameter, frequently showing a stripe of white in the centre of each petal. They are produced in clusters, in which they always appear cup-shaped, and stand for several days without being affected by our scorching sun. Its foliage is very large, of a dark green, wood strong and of luxuriant growth; its blooming suc- ceeds to that of the Garden or June Rose, and is the link connecting its congeners with that family. Pallida, very pale blush, perfectly double; this rose appears to bloom finest when lying on the ground ; in such a position it forms a solid mass of flowers and pale green foliage. Perpetual Michigan, very double, rosy purple flower, quite flat ; this and the following variety have a tendency to bloom a second time when under exciting culture. Superba, deli- cate blush of very perfect cup-shape, blooming in fine clusters, and though very similar to Pallida, is distinguished from it by having more pink colour in the centre. It makes an elegant pillar rose. The above sorts are so very double, that they seldom produce seed even by artificial aid. The variety 3* 30 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. called Elegans, which is generally grown in Ohio and Kentucky, and in some places called Chili- cothe Multiflora, has been cultivated here for many years ; it is not so double, of a pink colour, seeds more freely, and when hybridized by the Perpetual and Chinese Roses, will give, no doubt, many vari- eties. JYevia, white, very double, a profuse bloomer and strong grower. Madam Caradori Allan, since our first Edition, a large pink semi-double rose, has been sent out under this name ; it is quite a showy variety. There have been many others sent forth with glowing names and brighter colours.* I have * The following varieties have been grown from seed by Mr. Joshua Pierce, Nurseryman, Washington city. The numbers are those he cultivates them uiider, the descriptions from notes sent me by Mr. Pierce, who has placed every lover of this flower with myself, under many obligations for this great acquisition to this family of climbing roses. No. 1. Pride of Washington — fine rosy lilac. 2. Anne Maria — light rose, very double. 3. Eva Corinne — light blush, extra double, very large. 4. Mrs. Pierce — finest flower of all the family. 5. Ranunculiflora — blush Ranunculus formed. 7. Mrs. Hovey — fine white. 10. Triumphant — rosy purple, very double, short-thick bud, 11. Linnaean Hill Beauty — light rosy blush, long bud, late. 12. Jane — light rosy lilac, very double and beautiful. It will be observed, that we still want bright red and dark crimson varieties. ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. 31 bloomed hundreds from seedlings that gave the greatest promise, but none of them equal to those above described, and I do nut like the idea of retro- grading where there is svuh. a field for advancing. They are all very easily propagated by layering in July ; give the shoot of the present year's growth a twist, and then bury the twisted part six inches under ground ; in November, it will be well rooted, and can then be cut off and transplanted in any desired situation ; tho tasteful husbandman may thus cover every unsightly fence rail. Having briefly disposed of the tribes of Climbing Roses, that bloom only once in the season, a few hints on their general culture will be in place. They will grow luxuriantly on any aspect or situa- tion, provided they are not entirely shaded by trees over head. 1 he roots of trees and plants generally are of a growth proportionate to that of their branch- es; from this data, and experience proves it, we find that ro ies of strong growth make strong roots, striking d( ep into the soil, and extending horizon- tally in quest of food to a surprising length ; they require a rich soil, which, before planting, should be well pulverized and freely broken; it should be of a character inclining more to sand than clay ; if the latter predominate it must be well incorporated with sand and old manure until it becomes of a friable 32 ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. nature. With two feet depth of such a soil, they will grow many years, and bloom profusely. When any decline is observed, it will indicate that they are in want of nourishment, which can easily be supplied by digging in about their roots three or four inches thick of manure or rich compost. For such an operation the month of November to early in spring is the best period of the year. Wherever their situation may be, all the pruning they require is merely to thin out the wood where it is too crowd- ed, and to keep it within bounds. I have seen fine plants of many of the roses now described totally ruined for one year by the free use of the knife. Where manure cannot be conveniently obtained, fresh soil from the woods or rich grounds will be of great service ; an occasional watering with soap suds is also very beneficial to the rose. In city gardens we have often seen a few inches of very common poor soil thrown over clay, old bricks, lime rubbish, &c., whereon roses were planted, and grew well the first season, but the following they made barely sufficient wood and foliage to keep them green ; the result was unsatisfactory, and the fault laid to the rose ; w^hereas the whole fault was in the preparation of the ground. " Anything that is worth doing at all, is worth doing well," is a ROSES THAT BLOOM IN JUNE. 33 maxim always to be kept in mind in all gardening operations. Sparta, a new variety said to have come up in the vicinity of a Boursault Rose, is evidently a Prairie Rose ; from the authority of Mr. Briell, of Jersey City, " is a hardy, strong growing rose, flowers in large clusters, very double, about the size of half a dol- lar, dark crimson." If such is its character, it is a valuable addition to this family. ROSA RUBIGINOSA. THE SWEET BRIER. The Eglantine has been the theme of poets and lovers for many centuries. It is to be found in sou.e sort growing wild in many parts of both hemispheres. To the flower there is no special beauty attached, being a very simple-looking single pink blossom. Although there may be great beauty in simpli