®t|p ®. H. Bill Ctbrarg Nnrtb (Earolttia &latP (EoIUq? NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES S025 14740 N This book must not be taken from the Library building. 25M JUNE 58 FORM 2 THE HISTOPtY OF THE COLLECTIONS CONTAINED IN THE NATURAL HISTORY DEPARTMF.NTS OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM VOL. I. LIBRARIES. THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY. THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY. THE DEPARTMENT OF MINERALS. LONDON : PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM SOLD BY Longmans & Co., 39 Paternoster Row, E.G. ; B. Quaritch, 15 Piccadilly, W. ; DuLAU & Co., 37 Soho Square, W. ; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Dryden House, 43 Gerrard Street, Soho, W. ; AND AT THE British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, S.W. 1004. {AIL rights reserved.) LONDON : PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, DURE STREET, STAMFORD STREET, S.E., AND GREAT WINDMILL STREET. PREFACE. The present history of the collections preserved in the four Natural History Departments of the British Museum h.is been produced at my suggestion, by the officers in charge of the collections. Mr. B. B. Woodward has written the history of the libraries ; Mr. George Murray, assisted by Mr. Britten, that of the Department of Botany ; Dr. Arthur Smith Woodward with valuable help from the late keeper, Dr. Henry Woodward, and from Dr. Bather, assistant keeper, that of the Department of Geology; and Mr. Fletcher that of the Department of Minerals. A second volume will contain the history of the collections in the Department of Zoology to which Mr. Edgar Smith, Dr. Bowdler Sharpe, Mr. C. O. Waterhouse, Mr. Boulenger, Mr. Oldfield Thomas, Mr. Jeffrey Bell, Mr. Pocock, Mr. Kirkpatrick, Sir George Hampson, and Mr. Lydekker, have each contributed a special section. The possibility of producing such a history as the present is a remarkable evidence of the care and efficiency with which the records of the Museum have been kept during the past century. The value of the book to workers in the various l)ranches of Natural History will be very great. It not only furnishes an interesting record of the names of hundreds who liave con- tributed to build up our science during the nineteenth century, but it will prove to be of assistance to investigators who are anxious to discover the present depository of .specimens or collections referred to in old publications and to compai-e then iv Preface. with later samples. It will also furnish to a very large number of persons, who at present are not informed on the subject, a correct idea of the variety, extent, and importance of the immense series of collected specimens which are here, carefully guarded and kept in orderly arrangement, " not only " (according to the terms of Sir Hans Sloane's will) " for the inspection and entertainment of the learned and curious, but for the general use and benefit of the public to all posterity." It* furnishes documentary proof of the steady yet rapid progress of the scientific value of the Natural History Depart- ments and of the care and accuracy with w^hich the responsi- bilities undertaken by the Trustees have been discharged by their ofiicers. E. Ray Lankester. March, 1904. CONTENTS THE LIBRARIES. PAGE Introduction vii-xvii 1, — General Sketch op the Several Libraries in the British Museum (Natural History), with some Account of their Formation and Progress, from 1753 to the end of 1900. 1 2.— Chronological Account of the Principal Accessions to the end of 1900 .5 3. — List of Important Books, Manuscripts, and Drawings arranged under the Names of Authors and previous Owners .......••• 23 4.— List op Current Serial Publications presented to the British Museum (Natural History) ..... 53 A. — British Islands ^3 B.— British Empire over the Seas 60 C— Non-British 64 THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY. 1. — General Sketch 79 2.— Chronological Account op the Principal Accessions to the Botanical Collections to the end op 1902 ... 85 3. Alphabetical List of the more important contributors to the Collection of Plants in the Department of Botany 129 THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY. 197 1. — General Sketch 2.— A Chronological Account of the Principal Accessions to THE Collections of Fossils in the Department of Geology to the end of 1900 ....-.•• 3.— Alphabetical List of the more important Contributors to THE Collection op Fossils in the Department of Geology 2G0 200 VI Contents. THE DEPARTMENT OF MINERALS. PAGE 1.— General Sketch 343 2. — Cheonological Account of the Principal Accessions to the Department op Minerals (1753-1903) . . . .353 Series A. — Minerals 353 Chronological List (1753--1903) referring to Series A. . 355 Series B. — Eocks 388 Chronological List (1753 1903) referring to Series B . . 388 Series C. — Meteorites 405 Chronological List (1753-1903) referring to Series C. . 406 3. — Alphabetical List of the more important Contributors to the Collection of Minerals, Eocks and Meteorites in the Department of Minerals 412 INTRODUCTION, The British Museum dates its actual foundation from the year 1753, when an Act of Parliament was passed "for the purchase of the Museum or Collection of Sir Hans Sloane, and of the Harleian Collection of Manuscripts, and for providing One General Repository for the better Reception and more convenient Use of the said Collections and of the Cottonian Library and of the Additions thereto." Sir Hans Sloane, an eminent physician in London, was for sixteen years President of the Royal College of Physicians and in 1727 succeeded Sir Isaac Newton in the Presidential Chair of the Royal Society. He was throughout his long life a diligent and miscellaneous collector, having, as stated in the Preamble of the Act of Incorporation of the Museum, " through the course of many years, with gi'eat labour and expense, gathered together whatever could be procured, either in our own or foreign countries, that was rare and curious." His collection, which at the time of his death in 1753 was contained in his residence, the Manor House, Chelsea, consisted of " books, drawings, manuscripts, prints, medals, and coins, ancient and modern antiquities, seals, cameos and intaglios, precious stones, agates, jaspers, vessels of agate and jasp»'r, crystals, mathematical instruments, pictures, and other things,' which latter included numerous zoological and geological speci- mens, and an extensive herbarium of dried plants proser^ od in 310 large folio volumes. According to the terms of Sir Hans Sloane's will, this colhx*- tion was purchased for the sum of £20,000— far Vx'low its intrinsic value — in order "that it might be preserved and viii Introduction. maintained, not only for the inspection and entertainment of the learned and the curious, but for the general use and benefit of the public to all posterity." The valuable collection of manuscripts formed by Sir Robert Cotton at the end of the sixteenth and beginning of the seven- teenth centuries was already the property of the nation, having been presented by his grandson. Sir John Cotton, in the year 1700. The Harleian Collection was obtained by purchase at the same time as the Sloanian, and the three were brought together under the designation of " the British Museum," placed under the care of a body of trustees,* and lodged in Montagu House, Bloomsbury, purchased for their reception in 1754. The Museum was opened to the public on the 15th of January, 1759. Admission to the galleries of antiquities and natural history was at lirst by ticket only, issued on application in writing, and limited to ten persons, for each of three hours in the day. Visitors were not allowed to inspect the cases at their leisure, but were conducted through the galleries by officers of the house. The hours of admission were subsequently extended : but it was not until the year 1810 that the Museum was freely accessible to the general public for three days in the week, from ten to four o'clock. The present daily opening, with longer hours in summer, dates only from 1879. At the time of the foundation of the Museum, the site allotted seemed amply sufficient for its purposes ; but gradually, as the collections of all kinds increased, they outgrew the limits, not only of the origmal Montagu House, but even of its successor, the present classical building, completed in 1845 from the designs of Sir Robert Smirke. The erection of the magnificent reading-room in 1857 disposed for a time of the difficulty of * The Trustees under the Act of Incorporation were the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lord Chancellor, the Speaker of the House of Commons, the Bishop of London, and the principal Officers of State for the time being ; six representatives of Founders' families ; the Presidents of the Koyal Society and College of Physicians; and fifteen other Trustees to be elected by them. Subsequently, the Presidents of the Society of Antiquaries and of the Royal Academy of Arts, a Trustee by special nomination of the Sovereign, and three more family Trustees were added to the Board. Introduction. ix finding accommodation for the ever-growing library ; but tlie keepers of other department's continued urgent in their demands for more space, and after much discussion of rival plans for keeping the collections together and obtaining the needful exten- sion of room by acquiring the property immediately around the old Museum, or for severing the collections and removing a portion to another building, the latter course was finally decided upon. At a special general meeting of the Trustees, held (jn the 21st of January, 1860, attended hy many members of the Government in their ofiicial capacity, a resolution, moved by the First Lord of the Treasury, was carried : " That it is expedient that the Natural History Collection be removed from the British Museum, inasmuch as such an arrangement would be attended with considerably less expense than would be incurred by pro- Adding a sufficient additional space in immediate contiguity to the present building of the British Museum." The House of Commons, in the Session of 18G3, sanctioned the purchase of part of the site of the International Exhibition of 1862 at South Kensington, with a view to appropriating it to the purpose of a Museum of Natural History. In January, 1864, the Commissioners of Her Majesty's Works issued an advertisement for designs for a Natural History Museum and a Patent Museum, to be erected on part of the land thus acquired, a plan which had been prepared by Mr. Hunt in September, 1862, from Sir Richard Owen's suggestions, being proposed as a model in respect to dimensions and internal arrangement. The plans of the various competitors were submitted to Her Majesty's Commissioners of Works, who awarded prizes to three of the number, giving precedence to that of Captain Francis Fowke, R.E., and then referred the three premiated plans to the Trustees of the British Museum. As the internal arrangements in Captain Fowke's plan did not meet with the approval of the Museum officers, he was desired to modify them in conformity with the requirements of the Trustees. He was engaged in this labour when his death occurred, in SepteiuV)er, 1865. Early in the year 1866, Mr. Alfred Waterhouse was invited by X Introduction. the Chief Commissioner of Works to take up the unfinished work of Captain Fowke ; but he found himself unable to complete the plan to his own satisfaction, and in February, 1868, he was commissioned to form a fresh design, embodying the require- ments of the officers of the Natural History Departments of the Museum. Mr. Waterhouse was not long in submitting to the Trustees his plan and model of the building, with a disposition of galleries as required, and these were formally accepted by the Trustees in April, 1868. It was nob, however, until February, 1871, that the working plans had been thoroughly considered, and received the final approval of the Trustees. The actual work of erection was commenced in the year 1873, and the building was handed over to the Trustees of the British Museum by Her Majesty's Commissioner of Works in the month of June, 1880. Immediately that the exhibition cases were completed, and the galleries were sufficiently dry to receive the collections, the great labour of removing the Natural History Collection from Bloomsbury was commenced. The departments of Geology, Mineralogy, and Botany were arranged in their respective sections of the Museum in the course of the year 1880, and the portion of the Museum which contained these departments was first opened to the public on April 18th, 1881. It was not until the following year that the cases destined to receive the larger collections of the Zoological Department were sufficiently near completion to allow of these collections following, and three more years were required before all the rooms could be brought into a state fitted for public inspection. The original collections of the Natural History Departments of the British Museum are, as stated above, those of Sir Hans Sloane. The addition to these of the collections of Sir Joseph Banks (1827), and the long continuous accession of new collec- tions during 150 years, some purchased and many presented by naturalists whose names are historical as authorities and bene- factors of science — has rendered the Museum at the present day the richest and most important in the world. The gradual development of the separate departments of Botany, Geology, Introduction. xi Mineralogy, and Zoology is narrated in the work now produced by the combined authorship of the various responsible officers of the Museum. The history given is not merely a general one hut forms an important record of the smaller as well as the larger collections which have been absorbed into the gi'eat series. Each section of the work devoted to one of the four Departments ;is at present constituted, viz. : Botany, Geology, Mineralogy, and Zoology, commences with a general sketch of the history of the Department. This is followed by a chronological account of the yearly additions to its collections up to (and in some instances beyond) the year 1900, and further by an alphabetical list of donors or of previous owners of collections now embodied in those of the Department which have importance either because they contain type-specimens or because of the scientific or historical associations of the name cited. In treating of the Department of Zoology it has been found convenient on account of the great size and variety of the collections to break up the account into a number of separate sections, each describing, according to the plan above explained, the collections representing a separate class or section of the Animal Kingdom. The genesis of these several existing Departments and the succession of their administrators are briefly as follows : — The first appointments of Officers to the newly-constituted Museum were made in 1756, when Dr. Gowin Knight was chosen as Principal Librarian, with three Keepers under him, viz : Dr. M. Maty for the Printed Books, Dr. C. Morton for the Manu- scripts, and Mr. James Empson for the remaining collections, entitled " Natural History Department." This Department, however, included all the Antiquities, Coins, and Medals. Empson had as his successive Assistant Keepers : H. Rimius (died 1757), W. Hudson (retired 1758), and the Rev. A. J. Planta (transferred to Printed Books, 1765). On Enipson's death in 1765, Maty was transferred from the Keepership of the Department of Books to that of the Department of Natural History, his Assistant Keeper being the celebrated Dr. Solaiuler, who had already been employed in the work of cataloguing from 1763. Solander in 1768 obtained permission, on finding a sub- xii Introduction. stitute, to accompany Banks on the now famous voyage with Captain Cook. He returned in 1771, and, Maty becoming Principal Librarian in 1772, Solander was made Keeper of the Natural History Department in 1773. At the same time, J. O, Justamond was appointed Assistant Keeper, and was joined in that office in 1776 by the Rev. P. H. Maty; E. W. Gray succeeded Justamond in 1778. E. W. Gray was uncle of Samuel Frederick Gray, the Chemist, whose son John Edward Gray joined the Museum staff in 1824 and became one of the most prominent systematists of his time. On Solander's death in 1782, P. H. Maty succeeded to the Keepership, and the Rev. C. G. Woide to the vacant Assistant Keepership. When P. H. Maty died in 1787, E. W. Gray was appointed to the Keepership, and in 1791 the well-known naturalist, G. Shaw, became Assistant Keeper. In 1803 Taylor Combe was made an Assistant Keeper, with charge of the Antiquities and Coins. E. W. Gray died in 1806, and the following year the first important change was made, the old department being divided nto the " Department of Natural History and Modern Curiosi- ties," with G. Shaw for Keeper, and the " Department of Antiquities and Coins," of which T. Combe was made Keeper. Chas. Konig was added to the staff of the former as Assistant Keeper in the same year, and became Keeper in 1813 on Shaw's death. W. E, Leach was made Assistant Keeper in 1813, but retired in 1822, and was succeeded in 1823 by J. G. Children, transferred from the Department of Antiquities, which he had joined in 1816. The department was further strengthened by the addition of J. E. Gray in 1824, G. R. Gray in 1831, and Adam White in 1835. In 1827 the Banksian Herbarium was transferred to the custody of the Trustees, Robert Brown, its former custodian, being created " Keeper of Sir Joseph Banks' Botanical Collection." By the addition to this in 1835 of the Sloane Herbarium and other botanical collections in the charge of the Natural History Department, a " Botanical Branch '' was formed. Introduction, xiii A further and most important chani^'e in the constitution of the Department was introduced in 1H37 l)y tlie formation of two other Branches, the " Mineralogical and Geological Branch," under the Keepership of C. Konig, and the " Zocjlogical Branch,'* or which J, G. Children was promoted to be Keeper. Konig was succeeded in 1851 by G. K. Waterhouse, and Children in 1840 by J. E. Gray. The administration of the Department was greatly changed in 1856, by the appointment of Professor (afterwards Sir Richard) Owen as "Superintendent," and the conversion of the " Branches " into " Departments." The single " Natural Histoiy Department " thus became three distinct Departments, viz. : 1, Botanical; 2, Zoological; ^, Mineralogical and Geological. In 1857 the "Mineralogical and Geological Department" was divided into the " Geological Department," under the former Keeper, G. R. Waterhouse, and the " Mineralogical Depart- ment," to which Prof. Story-Maskelyne was appointed as Keeper. Subsequent changes were mainly in the personnel of the staff, and were as follows : — On the retirement of Sir Richard Owen in 1884, he was succeeded by Prof, (afterwards Sir William) Flower, with the title of Director, and in 1898, on the retirement of the latter, ])y the present Director. The succeeding Keepers have been : — Botanical Department : J.J. Bennett (1859), W. Carruthers (1871), and G. R. M. Murray (1895). Geological Department: H. Woodward (1880), and A. S. Woodward (1901). Mineralogical Department: L. Fletcher (1880). Zoological Department : A. Giinther (1875). Since 1895, the Director for the time being has been the Acting- Keeper of Zoology. CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF OFFICERS, ASSISTANTS AND OTHERS CONNECTED WITH THE NATURAL HISTORY DEPARTMENTS. The initial prefixed to the name indicates in which division of the establishment the individual served — B, G-, M and Z standing for the several departments, O for the " Director's Office," and L for the " General Library." "ret " = retired. -^ -j- " jg prefixed to the date of death. ASSISTANTS. 1 Assistant Keepers. Keepers. Principal Librarian. 1756 Rimius, H. [tl757] ! Empson, J. [tl765] Knight, G. [11772] 1757 Hudson, W. [ret. 1758] i 1758 Planta, Rev. A. J. [transf. to Printed ! Books, 1765] 1763 Solander, D. 1765 Solander, D. Maty, Matt, [transf. from 'Printed Books] 1772 1 Maty,M.[tl776] 1773 Justamond-, J. 0. [dis- , Solander, D. missed, 1778] [tl782] 1776 Maty, Rev. P. H. Morton, C. [tl799] 1778 Gray, E. W. 1782 Woide, Rev. C. G. ■ ^latv. Rev. P. H. [transf. to Printed " [tl787] Books] 1787 Gray,E.W.[tl806] 1791 Shaw, G. 1799 Planta, J. 1803 Combe, T. [Keeper of i Antiq. in 1807] ' [tl827] 1807. Antiquities ar id Coins were formed into a separate Departr Qent. 1807 Konig, C. Shaw, G. [tl813] 1813 Leach,W.E. [ret. 1822] Konig, C. [tl851] 1821 Samouelle, G. [? ret. c. 1841] 1823 Children, J. G. [transf. 1 from Antiq. Dept., 1816-22] 1824 Gray, J. E. 1827 (B) Bennett, J. J. (B) Brown, Robt. [tl858] Ellis, H. [ret. 1856] 1831 (Z) Gray, G. R. 1835 (Z) White, A. [ret. 1863] 1835. The " Botanical Branch " was formed by the transfer of the custody of the Sloane Herbarium and other botanical collections to the custody of the " Keeper of Sir Joseph Banks' Botanical Collections." 1837. The rest of the Department was sub-divided into the " Mineralogical and Geological Branch " and the " Zoological Branch." Chronological List of Officers, etc. XV Assistant Keepers. ;l I'KKINTl DKNT. 1M;I.N'IPA1, I.IBRAKIAN. 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 848 850 851 856 85"; 858 859 (G) Richardson, G. F. :tl848] (Z) Cooper, D. [super- jiuni. ret. 1840-1] (Z) Baird, W. [tl872] (Z) Doubleday, E. 11849] (G) Waterhouse, G. B. (G) Woodward, S. P. rtl865] (Z) Smith, F. (G) Sharman, R. [super- mini., ret. 1857] (Z) Children, J. G. [ret. 1840] (Z) Gray, J. E. [ret. 1874] (G) Waterhouse, G. R. [ret. 1880] Owen, R. [ret. 1884] Pauizzi, A. [ret. 1866] Coincident with the appointment of the Superintendent the several " Branches" were turned into "Departments." In 1857 the " Mineralogical and Geological Department " was sub-divided into the " Geological" and "Mineralogical" Depart- ments. (M) iMaskelyne, | M. H. N. Story- | [ret. 1880] I 863 866 867 (G) Woodward, H. (B) Carruthers, W. (Z) Giinther, A. C. L. G. (M) Lang, V. von [ret. 1864] (M) Davies, T. [first joined establishment 1858. tl892] (Z) Butler, A. G. O'Shaughnessy, A. W. E. [first joined establish- ment in 1861 (Printed Books), was attached to the Z. D. in 1863, to G. D. in 1864, and to the Superintendent from 1865. 11881] (Z) Waterhouse, C. 0. (Z) Smith, E. A. (G) Bennett, L. D. 1869] (M) Flight, W. 1885] (B) Trimen, H. 1879] [ret. [ret. [ret. (B) Bennet, J. J. [ret. 1871] Jones, J. W. [ret. 1878] XVI Chronological List of Officers, etc. 1869 1871 1872 1875 1876 1878 1879 1880 Assistants. 1881 1882 (G) Kent, W. Saville [ret. 1873] (B) Britten, J. (G) Gordon, G. D. H. [ret. 1875] (Z) Miers, E. J. [ret. 1885] (Z) Sharpe, E. B. (M) Lewis, W. J. [ret. 1877] (G) Davies, W. [first joined establishment 1843, ret. 1887] (B) Murray, G. K. M. (Z) Thomas, M. li. O. [in office 1876-78] (M) Fletcher, L. (Z) Ridley, S. 0. [ret. 1887] (Z) Bell, F. J. (G) Etheridge, R. J. [ret. 1887]. (Z) Kirby, W. F. (B) Ridley, H. N. [ret. 1888] (G) Newton, R. B. (B) Fawcett, W. [ret. 1886] (M) Platnauer, H. M. [ret. 1883] (O) Fagan, C. E. [Office, B. M. 1873-81] (O) Isaac, J. F. [Clerk] (L) Woodward, B. B. [Printed Books 1876- 81] (Z) Quelch, J. J. [ret. 1886] (Z) Grant, W. R. Ogilvie (Z) Boulenger, G. A. (G) Woodward, A. S. (M) Miers, H. A. [ret. 1895] (Z) Gray, G. R. [tl872] (Z) Giinther, A. C. L. G. (Z) Smith, F. [tl879] Keepers. (Z) Butler, A. G. [ret. 1901] (O) Taylor, J. T. (Assist. -Secretary, transferred from Office, B. M., to which he returned in 1884.) (B) Carruthers, W. [ret. 1895] (Z) Giinther, A. C. L. G. [ret. 1895] Pkincipal Librarian. Bond, E. A. [ret. 1888] (G) Woodward, H. [ret. 1901] (M) Fletcher, L. (G) Etheridge, R. [ret. 1891] Chronological List of Officers^ etc. X \ I I Assistants. Assistant Kkkpkks. i KKKI'KKS. DlKKrroK. I'UINf'M'AI. LIBRA 1! I AN. 1884 (O) Nichols, T.N. ■Flower.W.H. (Assistant - Secre- 1 [ret. 1898] tary) [ret. 1889] 1885 (Z) Pocock, R. I. [ret. 1904] . 1 — (O) Holl, W. H. R. [Clerk] i 1886 (B) Gepp, A. (G) Crick, G. C. (Z) Gahan, C. J. — (Z) Kirkpatrick, R. 1887 (M) Prior, G.T. (Z) Dendy,A.[ret.l887] (B) Baker, E. G. (G) Bather, F. A. — (G) Gregory, J. W. [ret. 1888 1900] (B) Rendle, A. B. Thompson. E. M. 1889 (Z) Heron, F. A. (O) Fagan, C. E. (Assistant - Secre- tary) (Z) Austen, E. E. 181)2 (G) Andrews, C. W. (G) Woodward, A. S. — (O) Anderson, W. J. [Clerk] 1894 (M) Spencer, L. J. 1895 (Z) Smith, E. A. (B) Murray, G. R. M. — (Z) H amp son, G. (Z) Sharpe, R. B. (Z) Flower, Sir W. H. (Acting Keeper) [ret. 1898] 189G (B) Blackman, V. H. — (Z) Arrow, G. J. 1897 (M) Smith, G. F. H. 1898 (Z) Lankester, Lankester, E. R. (Acting E. R. Keeper) 1901 (Z) Regan, C. T. (G) Woodward, A. S. 1902 (G) Lang, W. D. (G) Bather, F. A. VOL. I. THE LIBRARIES. VOL. I. THE LIBEARIES. 1. General Sketch of the Several Libraries in the British Museum (Natural History), with some Account of THEIR Formation and Progress, from 1753 to tjii: end OF 1900. The various Books, MSS., Drawings, and Maps in the Natural History Section of the British Museum are distributed as follows : — 1. General Library (L.)*: — Comprising works treating of subjects common to two or more of the Departments, and hence mainly consisting of the publications of Scientific Societies, Academies, and such like Corporate Bodies, of Scientific Maga- zines, and of Works of Travel. Topographical Maps of all countries, the Admiralty Charts and the sheets of the Ordnance Survey [Scale 1 in. = 1 m.] are also kept there. Attached to the General Library are the Owen Collection of Drawings of zoological and paUTeontological specimens, and some MSS., including a collection, in course of formation, of the autographs of Naturalists, formed for the purpose of the identification of handwriting on labels, etc.,t and a collection of Photographs of Natural History objects and Museums. These drawings and photographs have not yet been arrangeil or catalogued. 2. Botanical Department Library (B.)*: — Comprising such serial publications and separate works as deal with Botany (pure * In the following pages, to avoid constant repetition, the letters L, B, G, M, Z, already in use in the Library, are used for the purpose of distinguishing the several libraries. t A representative selection of the large and valuable collection of auto«;raplis of Naturalists formed by Mr. ('. Davies .SlK-rlxirn has ])een generously made available by him for purposes of consultation by the ofliccrs and students in the Museum, and has constantly proved most useful. 4 Libraries. and applied), and a few on Pabeobotanj, besides a large number of valuable MSS., mostly from the Banksian Library. An extensive general collection of original drawings and of engravings of specimens of Plants arranged in separate series, supplementing the Herbarium; while there are besides many distinct collections of valuable drawings. A good collection of autographs of Naturalists, principally Botanists, has also been brought together for the purpose of identifying handwritings. 3. Geological Department Library (G.)":— Embracing those serial publications and separate works that have to do with Geology and Palaeontology. There is a small collection of MSS. and of prints and drawings of specimens of Fossils, the latter not yet catalogued. An extensive series of the geological maps and sections of all countries is also included in this library. 4. MiNERALOGiCAL DEPARTMENT LIBRARY (M.)* : — In addi- tion to serial publications and separate works more immediately connected with Mineralogy, Crystallography, and Petrology, there is a small collection of mineralogical (with a few geological) maps. 5. Zoological Department Library (Z.)* :— Comprising serial publications and separate works on Zoology, with a few on Paltvozoology. Some of these are kept in the rooms of the various Assistants. Attached to this library is the Tweeddale Library of Ornitho- logical works, which is located in the Bird Room, and there is also a collection of works on Economic Zoology. There are some valuable MSS. and a large series of drawings of zoological specimens, but there is no systematic collection of them as in the Botanical Department. A collection of photo- graphs of specimens of animals is, however, in course of formation. This distribution has not in all cases been strictly adhered to, and some works of a general character are to be found in each of ♦ For explanation of these letters, see p. 1, ante. Libraries. 5 the departmental libraries. There is also a certain amount of duplication due for the most part to the need for working copies of some books. The several departmental librai-ies are under the char','e of the respective Keepers of the Departments, who usually relegate the task of immediate superintendence to one or other of their Assistants, an Attendant being told off in each case to pei-form the routine work. The General Library when first forined in 1S81 was governed by a Committee of the four Keepers of Departments, the Assistant in charge, Mr. B. B. Woodward, who was appointed in October of that year, reporting in the first instance (October, 1881 to June, 1883) to the Keeper of Botany, subsequently (July, 1883 to April, 1884) to the Keeper of Zoology, and since May, 1884, to the Director, who from that time took over the control of this library. In February, 1888, it was resolved that a general alphabetical Authors' Catalogue of the whole library of the Museum, exclusive of minor separata, should be printed. With the aid of temporary assistance the cataloguing on a uniform system of all the libraries was thereupon begun, and, by 1897, so far completed that a grant for printing was obtained. The first sheet of this Catalogue was passed for press in January, 1898, and, by the end of 1900, sixty-six sheets (A-Endea.) had been printed off.* 2. Chronological Account op the Principal Accessions to the end of 1900. 1753. When Sir Hans Sloane's Collections became the property of the nation in 1753 his manuscript catalogues of them, the copy of his "Voyage to the Islands jMadera, Barbados . . . and Jamaica," etc., annotated in his own handwriting, with tlie original drawings of the specimens of Plants from which tlie plates were drawn, and a copy of Kay's " Historia Plantarum," which he had used in connection with his Herbarium, were kept with his collections instead of being incorporated with the * 'J lie first volume, A-D, was issued in August, UKKJ. 6 Libraries. Library, and so may be held in some sense to have constituted the nucleus of the present collection of works on Natural History. Some volumes formerly in Sloane's library were transferred at later dates ; as were also some from Baron von Moll's library, which was acquired in 1815. 1818. Z.* J. Abbot's original water-colour drawings of the Insects and Plants of Georgia, with manuscript descriptions, comprised in 17 volumes, formerly in the possession of J. Francillon, was purchased. 1827. B. The first approximation towards the formation of a depart- mental library was in 1827, when the collections and library of Sir Joseph Banks were transferred to the Trustees, it being agreed that the Keeper of the Banksian Botanical Collections should also have exclusive care and management of the manu- scripts, with the drawings and copper-plates engraved. Under this agreement 149 volumes, chiefly systematic works used in the herbarium, that were either duplicates, or had manuscript notes in them, remained in what is now the Depart- ment of Botany with the Banksian collections of MSS. and Drawings. I Some other duplicate volumes from this Library, which forms an item of the Printed Books Department, were transferred at later dates to other of the Natural History departments. 1835. Z. The collection of drawings formed Ijy Major-General T. Hardwicke were bequeathed with his collections in 1835, but remained in charge of the MSS. Department till the removal of the Zoological Collections to South Kensington, when they were transferred to the Zoological Department.; B. His botanical MSS. and drawings, however, were placed at once with the Banksian Botanical Collection. 1841. B. An important collection of water-colour drawings of Plants, by Franz A. Bauer, " being that part of Mr. Bauer's * For explanation of these initials, see p. 1, ante. f For an enumeration of these, see pp. 2o-2G. Libra riefi. drawings made at the expense of the late Sir .)(».s«'ph Banks, baronet, which did not accompany his Library and Botanical Collections when transferred to the Museum, but was bequeathed by Sir Joseph to his late Majesty King Cieorge the Fourth," was presented by her late Majesty Queen Victoria. Z. A copy of Cramer's " Papillons exotiques," whicli belonged to Henry Seymer, of Handford, Dorsetshire, who had added the Linnean names and re-touched several of the coloured plates, w.-is presented by A. B. Lambert. 1842. In this year the first systematic purchases of works for the departmental libraries appear to have been made. B. The autograph journal of H. Ruiz Lopez, kept during the botanical exploration of Peru and Chili made by him in company with J. Pa von (1777-83), his important manuscripts •' Sobre Quina " with other autographs, and their joint original descriptions of the Plants met with, were purchased at the sale of A. B. Lambert's libraiy. Z. The first book recorded as purchased by the Zoological Department was H. Milne Edwards' " Histoire naturelle des Crustaces." 1843. B. and Z. The original water-colour drawings made by Ferdinand L. Bauer, the artist who accompanied Flinders on his " Voyage to Terra Australis " in 1801-3, comprising 202 drawings of Plants and 49 of Animals," were presented. 1845. In the estimates for 1845 there appears for the first time a sum of money definitely allotted for the purchase of books for a departmental library, that of Mineralogy, which then included the present Departments of Geology and of Mineralogy. The following year it is reported that " the books purchased . . . have all been catalogued and bound with a distinctive ornamental mark on each volume." This grant was annually renewed. Among other accessions for the year wevQ : — Z. G70 foil, of water-colour drawings by native artists of tha * Not transferred from B to Z till 1S87. 8 Libraries. Vertebrata of ISTepaul, presented by their collector, B. H. Hodgson, who added a further large series in 1858. 67 original water-colour drawings of Vertebrata from King George's Sound and its neighbourhood^ with MS. notes by the draughtsman and donor, J. Neill. 1847. B. 248 original water-colour drawings of Plants of British Guiana, by Sir R. H. Schomburgk, were presented in part by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, and in part by Sir R. H. Schomburgk himself. Z. Received the first annual grant for the purchase of books. 1848. B. Received its first annual grant for the purchase of books. A collection of 30 water-colour drawings by a native artist of Chinese Plants, Birds, and Pish was acquired. The 16 drawings of Plants were incorporated with a similar set in the Banksian Collection (MS. No. 12), and the 11 drawings of Birds and 3 of Fish transferred to the Zoological Department and incorporated in the Banksian MS., No. 11. 1853. Z. Gronovius' MS., containing the descriptions and illustra- tions of his Collection of Fish, was purchased with his collection at an auction in London. It was printed and issued as a Museum publication in 1854. 1858. The " Mineralogical Department " was divided into the " Geological " and " Mineralogical " departments, and the library shared between them. B. A number of drawings by Ferdinand L. Bauer were bequeathed by Robert Brown. Z. A further series of water-colour drawings by native artists of the Vertebrata of Nepaul was presented by the collector, B. H. Hodgson, making with those presented in 1845 a total of 1,319 drawings, which have been mounted and bound in 8 volumes. Llln aries. 1859. B. The collection of more than 2,500 original water-colour drawings by James Sowerby for the ilhistrations to his "English Botany " were purchased with his herbarium. These have be<'n mounted on sheets, beside copies of the finished plates from the first and third editions. 1861. B. The unpublished autograph Journals kept by L. A. Deschamps during his voyage as naturalist on La Brcherchf, under Entrecasteaux, and during his subsequent travels in Java, with materials for a Flora Javanica, water-colour sketches, and other notes and memoranda, as well as 111 water-colour drawings of specimens of Java Plants, made by, or for Dr. F. Noronlia, were presented by J. R. Reeves. Z. Deschamps' original sketches and autograph descriptions of the Mammalia of Java, presented with the foregoing. 89 volumes of zoological works and pamphlets, including manuscript notes by C. R. Darwin and T. Bell on the Reptiles and Amphibia collected during the voyage of the Beagle, were presented by Dr. J. E. Gray, at that time Keeper of the Department. 1862. B. A set of original water-colour drawings by James De Carle Sowerby and J. W. Salter for the illustrations to vol. i.-iv. of the Supplement to James Sowerby's *' English Botany " were purchased, and incorporated with those for the main work that had been acquired in 1859. 1863. Z. An autograph MS. of the Rev. W. Ivirby, the entomo logist, entitled, "Musjeum Entom.ologicum Barhamense. Pars prima," was presented by the Entomological Society. 1865. B. The botanical drawings and MSS. of R. A. Salis])urv were presented by Dr. J. E. Gray. 1866. B. 29 sheets of original drawings by James De Carle Sowcrl >y, from which the illustrations to Dawson Turner's " Muscologiaj Hibernicse Spicilegium" were engraved, were purchased. 10 Libraries, 1867-68. G. The collection of drawings formed by Hugh Falconer in connection with his " Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis," and other writings on Indian Palaeontology, was presented. It included sketches for 20 unpublished plates to the " Fauna," sketches for 18 plates of Ruminant remains, with manuscript explanations, and more than 220 drawings in water-colour, pen-and-ink, and pencil, by various artists {e.g. Dinkel, Kaup, etc.), with photo- gi'aphs, illustrating vertebrate remains, chiefly Indian. The whole are mounted and bound in two volumes. 1869. Z. The Rev. AV. Kirby's manuscript Catalogue of British Staphylinidse, in 3 vols., was presented by Dr. J. E. Gray. 1874. B. The original drawings and manuscript notes, with corre- spondence accompanying the herbarium of William Wilson, of W^arrington, were purchased. 262 original drawings of Irish Lichens were purchased with the herbarium of Isaac Carroll. 1875. B. Considerable additions were made to the Botanical Depart- ment collections of drawings ; 1,300 original water-colour drawings of Fungi, by W. G. Smith, and coloured engravings of upwards of 4,000 species of Algte being purchased. Z. A large number of zoological works and drawings (includ- ing 109 original water-colour drawings and pen-and-ink sketches of Fish, with 106 of Insects, Crustacea, and Arachnida, made by Arthur Adams during his voyage as naturalist on the Samarang, also the 65 original water-colour drawings of Chelonia, by J. De Carle Sower by, used for the illustrations in T. Bell's " Monograph of the Testudinata," and Sowerby and Lear's " Tortoises "), which had belonged to Dr. J. E. Gray, were presented by his widow. 1876. B. The transcripts, by two daughters of Mr. Dawson Turner, of Sir Joseph Banks' journal kept on his voyage with Capt. Cook Libraries, 1 1 round the world in 1768-71, and <»£ his corrospondoncc now- bound in 20 volumes, was transferred from the ISISS. Department. This journal was printed under the editorship of Sir J. ]). Hooker, ;ind published in 1896. Robert Brown's Notes, :SISS. and Diary from 1800 to l.^U3, which had been bequeathed to J. J. Bennett (his successor in the Keepership) and which had been allowed to remain in the Department, were presented ])y Mrs. Bennett. James Sower by 's original water-colour drawings for the illustrations to his " English Fungi," with 347 other plates, were? presented by the Rev. M. J. Berkeley. 730 original water-colour drawings of the higher Fungi, by Mrs. A. Russell, were bequeathed by her. These two last have been incorporated in the systematically arranged collection of drawings of specimens of Fungi. 1877. B. The accessions included 7,287 published engravings ; a number of original drawings of Indian Plants by Dr. De Crespigny, which, with 180 drawings by G. D. Ehret, were purchased. 654 water-colour drawings by native artists, made under the superintendence of John Reeves, were presented by Miss Reeves. Z. 482 folios of water-colour drawings, made by native artists for John Reeves, were presented by Miss Reeves. 1878. B. The departmental collection of drawings was increased l)y the purchase of 8,025 engravings and 42 original drawings, including 12 by G. D. Ehret. The correspondence of the Rev. A. Bloxam, and some manu- script notes of his on the Cellular Cryptogams of Leicestershire, were presented by his son. 1879. B. A further increase of the collection of drawings was ni.ule by the purchase of 8,772 drawings and engravings. A set of original drawings of South American Blants and ot dissections of Plants, by John Miers, with the Catalogue of Ids herbarium, were presented by J. W. Miers. M. Considerable accessions were made to the Mineralogical Department Library. 12 Libraries. 1880. In view of the approaching removal of the Natural History Collections to South Kensington, and the consequent necessity of founding a Library for the use of the officers and students, a special grant, payable in yearly instalments, was voted by Parlia- ment, the first instalment being gi^anted for the following financial year. It was decided that the several departments should continue to purchase and hold such works as related to their special subjects, while a fifth, the " General Library," under the charge of a special Assistant, should be constituted to contain those works containing matter common to two or more departments. L. 2,048 volumes were therefore purchased this year for the General Library. B. 68 works from the library of John Miers, annotated by him in relation to the Plants in his herbarium, were presented by J. W. Miers. The collection of drawings and engravings formed by W. Wilson Saunders, with 2,517 other drawings and engravings; 928 original water-colour drawings, by John Miller (otherwise J. S. Miiller), of the ramifications of Plants ; and 25 original water- colour drawings of Fungi, by AY. G. Smith, were purchased. G. A fine copy of William Smith's geologically coloured map, " A delineation of the Strata of England and Wales, with part of Scotland," was presented by Mr. (afterwards Sir) A. W. Franks. The set of original pencil drawings by A. Watelet, for the 60 plates of his " Description des Plantes fossiles du bassin de Paris," with those for 21 unpublished plates and their description in MS. were purchased. M. The accessions numbered 603 volumes. Z. The first catalogue of the departmental library, contain- ing 1,700 titles, was j^rinted, and issued in November. 188L B. R. A. Salisbury's notes and drawings of Ericaceous Plants were transferred from the Royal Gardens, Kew. M. The accessions numbered 860 volumes. The first catalogue of this library, containing 1,297 entries, of which 39 refer to maps, was printed. Z. The total number of works in this library was estimated at about 1,500 ; the accessions for the year being 182 works in 377 volumes. Libraries, 13 1882. L. 921 volumes had been transferred to this lil)r:iry from the Departments, and the extent of the collection at the end of the year was 7,659 volumes. B. The original water-colour drawings for the illustrations t«) Maund's " Botanic Garden," representing 1,248 Plants, were presented by the Misses Maund, 13 folio volumes, containing original drawings of Indian IMants, formerly the property of Dr. Fleming, were purchased and have since been incorporated in the systematically arranged collection of drawings of specimens of Phanerogams. M. The accessions numbered 103 works. Z. 1,383 works in 2,350 volumes were added. A second edition of the Catalogue was issued in ^May. 1883. L. The accessions numbered 2,261 volumes, of which 28 were presented and 79 transferred from other departments. B. 219 original pencil drawings of Mosses, by P. Brucli, used in illustrating the " Bryologia Europiea " of Schimper, Brucli and Giimbel ; 52 original drawings of Madagascar Orchids, by the Rev. W. Deans Cowan; and 210 original drawings, formerly the property of Dr. J. J. Roemer, were purchased. A considerable addition to the collection of Autographs of Botanists was made, and the whole collection arranged and mounted. M. 199 works were added. Z. 1,777 works in 2,358 volumes were added. 1884. L. 2,114 volumes were added, of which 98 were presented and 148 transferred from other departments. The total number of volumes being 12,034. A Catalogue of this collection was issued early in the year. B. 87 original water-colour drawings of Cape Plants, l)y F. Masson, the botanical collector, were presented by Mr. C. Lee. These were subsequently incorporated with a series by the same author from the Banksian Collection, and mounted and bound. 46 original water-colour drawings of Fungi, by W. G. Smith, 26 original drawings of Sumatran and Javan Plants, by H. O. Forbes, and 5,003 plates were purchased and incorporated with 14 Libraries. the systematically arranged collection of drawings of specimens of Phanerogams. 22 coloured drawings by W. Roxburgh of Indian Palms, used in his " Plants of the Coast of Coromandel," were also acquired. A series of pen-and-ink drawings, with autograph descriptions, by G. J. Camellus, entitled " Descriptiones Fruticum et Arborum Luzonis," formerly in Sir Hans Sloane's Library, was transferred from the MSS. Department. 88 autograph letters of Ray and his contemporaries were pre- sented by J. D. Enys, and the original MS. of Derham's "Life of Ray " purchased. G. 629 volumes and 302 pamphlets were added. A copy of William Smith's " New Geological Map of England and Wales,"' 1827, was presented by Mr. Carruthers. M. 159 works in 305 volumes, and 36 pamphlets were acquired. Z. 1,274 works in 2,450 volumes were added, making a total of 6,556 works in over 10,000 volumes in the whole library. The third and last edition of the library catalogue was published in March. 1885. L. 1,954 volumes were added, of which 139 were presented and 171 transferred from other departments. The total number of volumes in the library was 13,988. 54 valuable large scale maps were presented, chiefly by the Governments of Cape Colony, New South Wales, South Australia, New Zealand, and Tasmania, being those of their respective colonies. B. 183 original water-colour drawings of the Plants of the Straits Settlements, made by Christopher Smith, were purchased. 70 original water-colour drawings of Flowers, by G. von Spaendonck, were purchased. 281 plates of British Fungi, from works by Dr. M. C. Cooke, were presented by him. 1,415 plates of Plants, and 32 original water-colour drawings of Fungi, by W. G. Smith, were purchased. The last three series have been incorporated in the respective collections of drawings of specimens of Plants. G. 260 volumes, 121 pamphlets, and 41 maps were acquired. Three transcripts by Mary Anning, the celebrated fossil- Libraries. 15 collector at Lyme Regis, of papers in llie Transactions of llu' Geological Society, were presented by Lord Knniskillcn. M. 32 works in 44 volumes were added. Z. 877 works in 1,1 7G volumes were ac(iuii<'d, includin'.,' a very fine copy of Audubon's " Birds of Amei-ica." 1886. The Royal Society presented 134 miscellaneous works, which were distributed among the several liljraries. L. 1,313 volumes and 3 maps were added, of which 3ol volumes and 3 maps were presented and 20 volumes transferred from other departments. These included : — A set of De Bry's collection of Voyages (with the collation), presented by Lord Crawford. 153 original water-colour drawings and pencil sketches, by T. Baines, the African explorer, were purchased. B. 212 books and pamphlets, and the whole of his mycolo- gical correspondence was bequeathed by C. E. Broome. Proofs on India paper of the illustrations to Stevenson's " Hymenomycetes Britannici " were presented by Mr. W. G. Smith. 1,922 original water-colour drawings of British Plants, by Miss H. Moseley, were purchased. A series of original water-colour and pen-and-ink drawings of Plants, by M. J. Schleiden, of Jena, with the manuscript descrip- tion of them, were purchased, and have since been bound in 9 volumes. 115 original sketches (some coloured) of Bornean Orchids, Pitcher-plants, Ac, by F. W. Burbidge, were purchased. 493 original drawings of Indian Plants ; and 42 original drawings of Orchids, by Miss Cooke, were acquired and have since been incorporated in the systematically arranged collections of drawings of specimens of Plants. G. 256 volumes, 1,115 pamphlets, 26 cases of MSS., and 53 maps were added in the year. Of these 897 books and pamphlets, with 26 cases of original drawings and MSS., all relating to Brachiopoda, and formerly part of the library of Dr. T. Davidson, were presented by Mr. W. Davidson. 226 pamphlets were accjuired from the library of Prof. J. Morris. M. 286 volumes and 208 pamphlets were added. 16 Lib aries. 1887. L. The collection was increased by the addition of 2,320 volumes and 1,949 maps. Of these 210 volumes were presented and 13 volumes transferred from other departments. 1,462 sheets of charts were received from the Admiralty, and 439 sheets of the Ordnance Survey on the scale of 1 in. = 1 m. Both these sets have been kept up. The first contribution towards the collection of photographs was received this year. B. The manuscript records of the distribution of British Plants, collected by H. C. Watson for his " Cybele Britannica," were received from the Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew. G. 736 books, 226 pamphlets, and 259 maps were received, including 6 geological views and sections across various parts of England and Wales, by William Smith, presented by AV. Topley. M. 823 volumes and 134 pamphlets were acquired. Z. The ordinary increase was 590 volumes ; but the magni- ficent ornithological library formed by the ninth Marquess of Tweeddale, which was presented by his nephew, Capt. B. G. Wardlaw Bamsay, contained 698 works, in 2,560 volumes, with about 200 pamphlets, and formed the most important addition as yet received at any one time. 5 volumes of beautifully executed water-colour drawings, by Japanese artists, of different breeds of domestic Pigeons, pro- bably executed for the library of some Japanese nobleman, were purchased. 1888. The special grant for the purchase of books was all expended by 31st March of this year. A small annual grant for up-keep has since been allowed. L. 1,325 volumes and 970 maps were added, of which 305 volumes were presented and 449 transferred from other depart- ments. The maps included 740 sheets of charts from the Admiralty, and 210 sheets of the Indian Atlas. B. Two volumes of Robert Brown's manuscript descriptions of Plants, discovered on a book-stall, were presented by Mr. J. Britten. 200 orif'inal drawings of Plants were added to the collection. G. 168 volumes, 47 pamphlets, and 33 maps were acquired. M. 284 volumes and 44 pamphlets were added. Z. 355 volumes were acquired, bringing the estimated total in the library up to 9,489 works in 15,243 volumes. Libraries, 17 1889. About 1,716 duplicate volumes and parts were transferred from the Printed Books Department, Bloomsbury, and divided among the several libraries. L. 1,010 volumes and 45 maps were added : of these 293 volumes were presented and 439 transferred from other depart- ments. The total number at the end of year being 19,933 volumes and 3,541 maps. G. 57 volumes and 409 pamphlets, with 47 maps were acquired, including Pt. i-iii and vi of William Smith's " New Geological Atlas " (purchased), and three volumes of manuscript notes and drawings by Caleb Evans. M. 182 volumes and 80 pamphlets were added. Z. The accessions amounted to 197 volumes and 477 parts, bringing the total up to 9,666 works in 15,440 volumes. Sir J. D. Hooker presented his drawings of Antarctic Fish, made during the expedition of the Erehus and Terror in 1839-43. 1890. L. 691 volumes and 28 maps were added, of which 316 volumes were presented, and 23 volumes with 26 maps were transferred from other departments. Sir John Evans, K.C.B., presented sets of the publications of the Linnean Society of London from 1877, and of the Zoological Society of London from 1868 : he has subsequently presented the succeeding parts as issued. B. The scientific correspondence of the Rev. M.J. Berkeley was presented. This included letters of C. E. Broome, whose own correspondence had been bequeathed in 1886. The two series are of great importance in connection with the Broome Herbarium. A copy of the rare and valuable " Salictum Woburnense," by J. Forbes, privately printed in 1829 by the Duke of Bedford, was presented by Mr. F. Justen. Drawings of 74 species of Victorian Fungi were received from the Victorian Government, through the President of the Victorian Commission at the Paris Exhibition of 1889, Baron Sir F. von Mueller. G. 101 books and 75 parts, with 59 pamphlets and 32 maps were added. M. 126 volumes and 119 pamphlets were acquired. Z. 128 volumes and 468 parts were added. VOL. I. c 18 Libraries. 1891. L. The accessions comprised 612 volumes and 48 maps, of which 203 volumes and 17 maps were presented, and 6 volumes and 31 maps were transferred from other departments. The Royal Society presented, by request of H. B. Brady, their copy of Soldani's rare work, " Testaceographia? ac Zoophyto- graphife parva3 et microscopicre tomus primus ( — secundus),'' the Society receiving Brady's copy with his library. G. 120 books and 293 parts, with 377 pamphlets and 193 maps were added, including 227 pamphlets presented by the Royal Society. M. 207 volumes, 141 parts, and 3 maps were acquired. Z. 38 volumes and 681 parts were added. 1892. L. 819 volumes and 28 maps were added, of which 275 volumes and 25 maps were presented and 164 volumes transferred from other departments. B. 25 original water-colour drawings of Fungi by J. Bolton, executed 1788-94, were purchased. 11 illustrations of species of MasdevalUa, used by Miss Woolward in illustrating her book on the genus, were presented by her. 1,036 original water-colour drawings of Fungi, by G. E. Massee, were purchased and incorporated in the collection of drawings of specimens of Fungi. G. 376 books and pamphlets, with 242 parts and 51 maps were added. 129 original water-colour drawings by A. T. HoUick and C. Berjeau, with 116 photographs and prints, of specimens illustrating the structure of " Eozoon " made for Dr. W. B. Carpenter, were presented by his son, the Rev, J. Estlin Carpenter. A manuscript catalogue of the Fossil organic remains in the Cabinet of Mrs. M. H. Smith, of Tunbridge Wells, with water- colour drawings by S. P. Woodward, who compiled the catalogue, W. H. Bensted, and others, was presented. M. 310 works in 203 volumes, 28 parts, with 196 memoirs and 5 maps were added. Z. 138 volumes and 708 parts were acquired, making the total for the library of 9,850 works in 15,843 volumes. Ijibraries. 19 213 origincal water-colour drawings of British Animals, viz.: 13 mammals, 122 birds, and 78 fish, executed by W. MacGillivray, between 1831 and 1841, were presented by his son. 1893. L. The number of accessions was 705 volumes and 30 maps, of which 301 volumes and 28 maps were presented and 76 trans- ferred from other departments. Sir R. Owen's executors presented an extensive series of his MSS., including original autograph notes and illustrations for the Memoir on the Pearly Nautilus, of notes and synopses of lectures from 1828 to 1864, notes and sketches of remains of fossil Reptilia in various Museums, and a very large collection of original drawings by G. Scharf, J. Dinkel, J. Wolf, and other artists, of zoological subjects ; many being the originals for illustrations to Sir R. Owen's papers and memoirs. G. 334 volumes, 326 parts, and 33 maps were added. M. 91 works in 100 volumes and 18 parts, with 24 memoirs and 2 maps were acquired. Z. 53 volumes and 815 parts were added : the total for the library being 9,903 works in 15,962 volumes. 1894. L. The increase for the year amounted to 723 volumes and 64 maps, of which 273 volumes and 31 maps were presented, and 42 volumes and 32 maps were transferred from other departments. 39 water-colour drawings, by native artists, of Chinese Plants, Birds, Reptiles, and Fishes were presented by F. A. Philbrick, K.C. B. 50 original water-colour drawings of Flowers made from Nature, by J. Bolton, between 1785 and 1787, with manuscript title and preface dated 1788, were purchased. G. 331 volumes, 429 parts, and 536 maps were added. M. 144 works in 134 volumes and 10 parts, with 44 memoirs and 12 maps were acquired. Z. 64 volumes and 799 parts were added. 1895. L. 1072 volumes and 39 maps were added, of which 382 volumes and 39 maps were presented and 121 volumes were transferred from other departments. 38 volumes were presented by the Society of Antiquaries. c 2 20 Libraries, B. The manuscript copy, in tlie handwriting of Sarah Sophia Banks, of the journal of Sir Joseph Banks, kept during his voyage to Newfoundland and Labrador in 1766, was purchased. 2,449 water-colour drawings of British Fungi, by E. Wheeler, made between 1880 and 1895, were presented. 24 original drawings, by S. T. Edwards, for " The New Botanic Garden " were acquired. G. 331 books and pamphlets, 406 parts, and 125 maps were added. M. 231 works in 159 volumes, with 123 pamphlets and 19 parts were acquired. Z. 69 works in 74 volumes, and 776 parts were added. 189 original water-colour drawings of marine Animals and Plants, taken during voyages between England and India by Mrs. H. Toynbee, in 1856-58, with manuscript notes, were pre- sented by Capt. H. Toynbee. 1896. A large and valuable set of 187 Dissertations on various subjects was presented by the Royal University of Upsala. 33 miscellaneous works were presented by the Linnean Society of London. Both these donations were distributed among the several libraries. L. 894 volumes and 19 maps were added, of which 507 volumes and 16 maps were presented, while 25 volumes were transferred from other departments. 185 water-colour, pen-and-ink, and pencil sketches, by G. Shaw, the former Keeper of the Natural History Section, with a portrait in oils of Sydney Parkinson, were presented by Mr. G. S. Parkinson. B. A series of notes and descriptions, with a few pen-and-ink and pencil sketches of Peruvian Plants, by A. Mathews, in 3 vols., was presented by Mr. F. Justen. A number of drawings by G. D. Ehret, S. T. Edwards, and W. G. Smith were purchased for the collection. G. 243 new works, 558 parts, and 247 maps were added. M. 151 works in 171 volumes, with 85 pamphlets and 25 parts were acquired. Z. 47 works and 794 parts were added. Libraries, 21 1897. L. The increase for the year was 786 volumes and 84 maps, of which 428 volumes and 83 maps were presented, and 35 volumes and 1 map were transferred from other departments. B. 74 water-colour drawings of Plants by J. Lindley, with drawings by W. G. Smith and others, were purchased. G. 317 new works and 367 parts, with 105 maps were added. M. 125 works in 199 volumes, 61 pamphlets, and 28 parts were acquired. Z. 57 works in 60 volumes, and 858 parts were added. Three life-sized photographs of Apteryx, and the first of several life-sized photographs of Testudo daudinii, were presented by the Hon. Walter Rothschild. 1898. L. The accessions numbered 1,109 volumes and 167 maps, of which 489 volumes and 165 maps were presented, and 15 volumes and 1 map transferred from other departments. G. 299 new works, 340 parts, and 303 maps were added. 42 water-colour sketches, by R. Inwards, of fossils collected by him and given to the Museum in 1880, were presented by the author. Autograph manuscript notes, by J. Brown, of Stanway, chiefly relating to English Post-Pliocene deposits, with lists of the con- tained fossils, were presented. M. 31 volumes, 61 pamphlets, and 35 parts were acquired. Z. 58 works in 80 volumes, and 906 parts were added. 1899. Series of publications of great value were received from the New South Wales and Queensland Governments, from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, from the Royal University of Upsala, and 51 books and pamphlets, dealing with Servian natural history, from Prof. P. S. Pavlovic, of Belgrade. These were distributed among the different departments. L. 1142 volumes and 219 maps were added, of which 660 volumes and 143 maps were presented, and 98 volumes with 76 maps were transferred from other departments. G. 194 new works, 360 parts, and 482 maps were added. 22 Libraries. 8 plates of original figures of Belemnites, by Martin Simpson, drawn for his " Fossils of the Yorkshire Lias," but not published, were presented. M. 53 works and 84 pamphlets, with 35 parts and 32 maps were acquired. Z. 53 works in 57 volumes, and 906 parts were added. 1900. L. The accessions numbered 718 volumes and 338 maps, of which 372 volumes and 338 maps were presented, and 14 volumes transferred from other departments. The collection of Photographs of Animals also received substantial addition, 105 photographs having been presented. The extent of this collection at the end of the year was 29,204 volumes, 4,605 maps, and 318 photographs, with 500 sheets of drawings in the Owen Collection. B. The set of original water-colour drawings, by W. G. Smith, of British Basidiomycetes was completed. The extent of the departmental library at the close of the year was 14,980 volumes, 335 MSS., and 5,392 pamphlets. G. 211 new works, 365 continuations, and 165 maps were added. No census of this library was taken till early in 1903, when it was found to contain 9,395 volumes of catalogued works, 2,821 minor uncatalogued separata, 5,569 sheets of maps belonging to 286 sets, and 356 sheets of charts and diagrams representing 5 sets. M. 43 volumes and 60 pamphlets, with 568 parts and 8 maps were acquired. It is computed that at the end of the year this collection comprised 6,339 volumes, 1,770 memoirs and pamphlets, and 81 maps in 252 sheets. Z. 36 works in 65 volumes, and 1,134 parts were added. The extent of the collection at the end of the year was returned as 10,298 works in 17,167 volumes. According to a rough estimate based on the cataloguing returns, there were in the whole Museum at the end of 1900, 75,202 volumes and 5,780 maps. This, however, is a low estimate, since it does not take count of continuations. Libraries, 23 3. List of Important Books, Manuscripts, and Drawings ARRANGED UNDER THE NaMES OF AuTHORS, AND PREVIOUS Owners. (The initial of the Departmental Library in which the various works are kept is placed after each entry.) Her Majesty Queen Victoria In 184:1, her Majesty the late Queen Victoria presented a large series of water-colour drawings by Francis Bauer, " being that part of Mr. Bauer's drawings made at the expense of the late Sir Joseph Banks, Baronet, Avhich did not accompany his Library and Botanical Collections when transferred to the Museum, but was bequeathed by Sir Joseph to his late Majesty King George the Fourth " (B). Abbot (John) A collection of original Avater-colour drawings of the Insects and Plants of Georgia, by J. Abbot, with manuscript descriptions, in 17 volumes, formerly the property of J. Francillon, was purchased in 1818 (Z). Some of these figures have served as the types of new species. Adams (Arthur) [1820-1878] Adams served as Assistant Surgeon and ^N'aturalist on board the Samarang, in 1843-46. 109 w^ater-colour and pen-and-ink sketches of animals made by him during that voyage were presented in 1875 (Z). Agassiz (Jean Louis Rodolphe) [1807-1873] The Museum possesses a copy of this celebrated ichthyologist's " Modele de mes Cadres de Fossiles," annotated in his own writing. This was a privately-issued scheme, or table, circulated apparently with the view to obtain co-operation and assistance. The present copy came from the library of John Phillips (G). Alton (William) [1731-1793] Alton had charge of the Botanic Gardens at Kew, and was instru- mental in sending out Francis Masson, the collector {q.v.), some of whose drawings are in the Museum (B and Z). The original drawings for twelve out of the thirteen plates, drawn by various artists, for Alton's " Hortus Kewensis " form No. 17 of the Banksian MSS. (B). Allman (William) [1776-1846] Allman held the post of Professor of Botany at Dublin from 1809 to 1844. An autograph MS. entitled "An attempt to illustrate a mathe- matical connection between the parts of Vegetables," &c. (B) formed part of Pi. Brown's collection, presented in 1876. It is apparently the original MS. of a paper read before the Royal Society in 1811 but not printed by that body : an abstract was privately issued by Allman in 1844. Anderson (John) [ -1847] Anderson accompanied Captain P. P. King in his circumnavigation on the Adventure (1826-30) as botanical collector. A small manuscript " List of Plants collected iu the Island of Chiloe in 1829-30" is preserved (B). 24 Libraries, Anderson (William) [ -1778J Anderson served as surgeon's mate on the second voyage of Captain J. Cook to the Pacific (1772-75), and as naturalist on the third voyage (1776-78). His manuscript notes on the Birds observed on the second voyage, and his descriptions in MS. of the Plants and Animals of the third voyage formed the Banksian MS. No. 81 (B and Z). Anning (Mary), Miss [1799-1847] Autograph transcripts of three memoirs in the " Transactions of the Geological Society," with pencil copies of the accompanying ])lates, by Miss Mary Anning, the well-known fossil-collector at Lyme Pegis and discoverer of Ichthyosaurus, were presented in 1885 (G). Arendt (J. J. F.) Arendt was a botanical writer, apparently resident at Osnabriick. His autograph " Floriferti Osnaburgensis anomali . . . specimen primum," 1848, is preserved in the Museum (B). Aublet (Jean Baptiste Christophe Fusee) [1720-1778] The French botanist Aublet was successively charged with the task of founding botanic gardens in the lie de France, Guiana, and San Domingo : he wrote a " Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Francoise," and his original drawings for the plates of this work with many unpublished ones, and his maiuiscript descriptions form the Banksian MSS. Nos. 29, 58, 59 and 60 (B). Baines (Thomas) [1822-1875] 153 original water-colour and pencil sketches, being a portion of those made by this celebrated African explorer and artist during an expedition to explore the goldfields of Mashonaland, were purchased in 1886 (L). They in part illustrate his book on " The Gold Regions of South-eastern Africa," in which he supports the theory that the land of Ophir lay in Mashonaland, and his sketches include one of the old w^orkings near Maghoondas Village, in which district also he notes and depicts natives whose method of wearing their hair strikingly resembles that shown in drawings on Egyptian monuments. Banks {Sir Joseph), Bart. [1743-1820] The celebrated Library formed by Sir J. Banks was handed over to the care of the Trustees in 1827. The collection of books was placed in the Printed Book Department, with the exception of 26 works, numbering 149 volumes, chiefly systematic works used in the Herbarium, which were either duplicates or contained manuscript notes, by Solander, Dryander, and Robert Brown, and which, with the MSS., Prints and Drawings, remained in the custody of the Keeper of the Banksian Botanical Collections.* The manuscripts and drawings included the following important items, many of which are cited in Dryander's Catalogue of the Banksian Library : — * Some of these were afterwards traasferred to the Department of Manuscripts. Libraries, 25 Depa/t- Title. Banksian ment Number, where now kept, AiTON (W.) [12 out of tlie 13 original water-colour drawings for Aiton's " Hortus Kewensis," by J. J^owerby, J. F. Miller, F. P. Nodder, G. D. Ehret, and Frauz Bauer] • 17 B Andeuson (W.) Genera nova Plantarum . . . in^ itinere nostro [i.e. Capt. Cook's third voyage, 1776-78] visa, etc \ 81 Descriptiones Plantarum, etc. Zoologia nova, etc. .... Characteres breves Avium . . . 1772-75 Animals. [Descriptions of Animals observed on a Voyage to Canton, with original water-colour drawings.] 2 vol 84 & 85 Z AuBLET (F.) [Manuscript descriptions of Plants collected in French Guiana] .... 29 B [Original pencil drawings for the plates in his " Histoire des Plautes de la Guiane Fran9oise "] . 58 to 60 B [60 foil, of original unpublished drawings of Guiana Plants with manuscript descriptions . 61 B Banks {Sir J.) [Autograph Notes on useful plants] B [Various manuscript notes interspersed with Solander's q.v. infra] B Bartram (J.) [7 autograph letters to Dr. Fother- gill (1769-71)] 23 B Bartram (W.) [Original MS. of his "Travels through . . . Carolina. Georgia," etc.'] . . . 78 & 79 B [102 foil, of descriptions with bi drawings of the Plants and Animals of Carolina, Georgia, etc.] 23 B Bauer (Franz L.) [Original water-colour drawings illustrating the Germination of Wheat and the Diseases of Corn, with a large miscellaneous series chiefly of the more remarkable Plants that had flowered at the Royal Gardens, Kew, of which a further series was presented in 1841] . .... B Blair (P.) [Copies of Dr. P. Blair's Correspondence, "j 1725-27] I 35 B [Manuscript] Catalogue of the . . . Botanical j discoverys. . .made by Dr. P. Blair, efc. . .j BoBART (J.) The Younger. [Copy by Sir J. Banks of a " Catalogue of Plants sent from Mr. Bobart ...1689"] 94 E Bolton (J.) [Original drawings for the plates of his " Filices Britannicse "] 36 B Brewer (S.) [Manuscript copy by D. Solander of his] Botanical Journey through Wales in . . . 1726 and 1727 95 B Browne (P.) [Autograph MS.] Catalogue of the ^ Plants of the English Sugar Colonies. . . 70 B Buchanan, afterwards Hamilton (F.) Enumeratio Plantarum quas in adeundo civitatem Barmanonim regiam . . . anno 1705 observavit F. Buchanan. [MS. with 53 drawings.] 2 vol 18 & 19 B Oaley (G.) [Autograph Journals of Journeys \ to New South Wales] . . •,•(.. B [Autograph] Descriptions of Plants of New j South Wales ' 68 26 Libraries. Depart- Title. Banksian meiit Number, where now kept. Castelvetri (G.) [Autograph MS.] Brieve raccoD to di tutte le Kadici ... in Italia, etc. 1614 . . 91 B CiRiLLO (D.) [MS.] Institutiones Botanicse, etc. . 66 B [Autograph letter to Brownlow, Earl of Exeter] 76 B China. [24 water-colour drawings of Fish by a Chinese artist at Canton] 11 Z [62 water-colour drawings of Chinese Plants, drawn under the superintendence of J. B. Blake, by a native artist] ...... 12 B [220 water-colour drawings of Chinese Plants and Animals, by a native artist.] 2 vol. . . 27 & 28 B CoLDEX, afterwards Fakquhar (Jane) [Autograph MS.] Flora Nov-Eboracensis, etc. . . [99] B DiLLENius (J. J.) [Original drawings by himself for pis. i-lxxix of his "Historia Muscoriim"] . 56 B Dryander (J.) [Manuscript Catalogue of the draw- ings of Animals in the Library of Sir J. Banks] . . . Z [Index to the Species of Plants described and figured by N. J. von Jacquin in his MSS.] . Massonii Flora Maderensis. [Autograph MS.] DuRAND (P.) De quibusdam Zoophitis quae in sinu Gibraltarico reperiuntur. efc [102] B Ehret (G. D.) [65 original water-colour drawings of Plants from the collection of Sir R. More] \ 16 B [Original drawings of Pare Plants, Fruits and/ [106 to 1 ;g Seeds.] 4 vol.. . . . . -l 109] ^ [17 original drawings of Plants collected by Banks in Newfoundland *] Ellis (W. W.) [115 original water-colour drawings of Animals made during Capt. J. Cook's third voyage, 1776-78] ...... 33 Forster (J. G. A.) [201 foil, of original water- colour and pencil drawings of Animals made during Capt. Cook's second voyage, 1772-75.] 2 vol. . 6 & 7 [Original water-colour and pencil drawings of Plants made during Capt. J, Cook's second voyage.] 2 vol 8 & 9 Gerard (J.) [MS. copy of his] Catalogus Arborum . . .ac Plantarum. . .in horto J. Gerardi. , .nascen- tium...l596 89 HousTouN (W.) [Autograph] Catalogus Plantarum in America observatarum ..... 67 [Autograph MS.] Plantse observatee circa ^ Kingston in. . .Jamaica, et Havanam in. . .Cuba . f [Autograph MS.] Nova Plantarum Ameri- f canarum genera, etc. . . . . . • j [Autograph MS.] Plantfe circa Veram Crucem i observatse > 69 [Autograpli MS.] Nova Plantarum genera . ) India. [MS.] DeclaraQao das Aruores. . .Plantas . . . e Eruas virtuozas . . . seruem para se aplicar a varias doen9as declaradas pellos fizicos deste Anjenga. . . 1750 [228 water-coloiir drawings with manuscript descriptions] 22 * Five drawings belonging to this set are placed with others used in illustrating Alton's " Hortus Kewensis." [Cy. supra, p. 23.] Libraries. 27 „,.,, Depart- ^^^^^- Banksian ment jS' umber, where now India [559 water-colour drawings of Bengal Plants, ^^ " painted by native artists, with their native and occasionally also the Linnean names. 3 vol. . 13 to 15 B Jacquin (N. J. von) Autograph notes and letters addressed to J. Dryander, with sketches and water-colour drawings _ B Johnson (T.) Iter Plantarum investigationis ergo suflceptam...inagrum Cantianum...lG29 . .^06 B HJ32. [Both in S. Dale's handwriting] . K0NIG (J. G.) [Autograph journals of his voyages. with lists and descriptions of East Indian (includ- ing Siam and Malacca) Plants, Animals and a few Minerals.] 21 vol 37 to 55 L'Heritier de Beutelle (C. L.) [51 autograph letters to J. Dryander. 1785 to 171)0] , . [101] LiGHTFOOT (J.) [Transcript by Solander of his] Journal of a botanical excursion in Wales. [1775 ] 8(J LiND (J.) A Catalogue of such Chinese and Japanese plants whose Chinese characters are known and are botanically described, &c LiNN^us (C.) Foreliisningar ofver Djur-riket . . . 1748 ; uppteknade of L. Moutin. Fundamenta botanica. . .1748 Vaxt-riket...l74G-48 .... Sten-riket...l747 .... Diseten... 1748-49 .... LouREiRo (J. de) [Autograph MS.] Nova geneia Plantarum in Cochin China sponte nascentium, etc. 03 B M., R. [MS.] List of the different sorts of Grain, &c., cultivated in the Tanjore country [with 15 water-colour drawings by a native artist] . . 07 B Maetyn (J.) and (T.) [Correspondence] . . [103] B Masson (F.) [54 water-colour drawings of Plants.) / B 9 of Animals, and 2 views of Niagara] . .j " \ Z Monte Bolca. [8 foil, of . rough water-colour sketches of fossil Plants, and 12 of fossil Fish from Monte Bolca] [114] Gr MoNTiN (L.) [Autograph.] Beskrifning ofver eii resa. . .til Lapska fjallarne afvan Lulea stad . 83 B Park (Mungo) [20 water-colour drawings of Fish from the coast of Sumatra with manuscript descriptions of six species. 1792] Z Parkinson (S.) [40 water-colour drawings of Animals taken from specimens or drawings executed in India by order of J. G. Loten, and forming the originals of some of the figures in Pennant's " Indian Zoology," and " Quadrupeds "] 20 Z [Original water-colour drawings of PI ants 'j and Animals made during Capt J. Cook's first ( B voyage, 1768-71; with finished drawings by T. I 18 vol Burgis, J. Cleveley, Jas. Miller, J. F. Miller and / •• Z F. P. Nodder, made from the incomplete sketches.] ( 1 vol. 19 vol ' 71 Z 72 B 73 B 74 M 75 B 28 Libraries. Depart- Title Banksian ment Number, where now kept. Petiver (J.) [73 rough water-colour drawings of Cape Plants, some of which were used for the plates in Petiver's " Gazophyllacii naturae et artis decasnona"] ....... 88 B Plants. [124 rough coloured drawings of Plants, seemingly from old woodcuts] .... 62 B [418 foil, rough water-colour drawings of Plants and some Animals, with their names in Greek and Latin] ...... 63 B Plimier (C.) [H12 original water-colour and pen- and-ink drawings of Plants, many of which were published in his various works.] 5 vol. . . 1 to 5 B PuLTENEY (R.) [MS.] Flora Malabarica, etc. . 26 B [Autograph MS.] A Catalogue of Plants spontaneously growing about Loughborough, etc. . 90 B KoBiNSON {^ir T.) [MS. copy by Banks of] A catalogue of Plants observed in several parts of Wales in 1689 94 B Rome. [MS.] Flora ruderata Romana, etc. . . [100] B Seyffert (H. C.) Icones Fungorum, etc. [138 original water-colour drawings] .... 65 • B Sherard (W.) [Autograph Notes and Observations on the first two volumes of Ray's "Historia Plantarum"] 80 B Solander (D. C.) [An extensive series of MSS. including notes and descriptions of Animals and Plants observed during the voyage with Banks to the South Pacific, and to Iceland, as well as indexes and lists compiled in connection with his curatorship of Banks' Collections and Library, and many of tliem containing notes in Sir J. Banks' handwriting . . . . . . . B and Z SowERBY (J.) [103 foil- of original drawings for No. 2-4 of Dickson's " Fasciculus Plantarum Cryptogam-arum Britannia}"] .... 21 B Stephens (W.) Catalogus Plantarum in Horto Dublinieusi. [MS. which, after p. 41, is in Stephens's own handwriting] .... 92 B Sweden. [192 original water-colour drawings on 24pls. of Swedish Moths, Caterpillars and Spiders] 87 Z TiLLi (M. A.) [Autograph MS.] Specimen Plant- arum quse in Horto Medico Sapientise Pisanse locisque finitimis extant. 1713-30 . . . [Ill] B TouRNEFoRT (.1 . P. de) Catalogue des Plantes que M. P. de Tournefort trouva dans ses Voyages d'Espagne et de Portugal copie' de I'original, etc. 82 B Watltng (T.) [70 water-colour drawings of Animals and Plants made near Port Jackson, some of which were used in drawing the plates for J. White's "Journal of a Voyage to New South Wales "] . 34 B Young (AV.) A Natural History of Plants, contain- ing the production of North and South Carolina, etc. [302 water-colour drawings with manuscript, index and dedication] 24 and 25 B Libraries, 29 In 1876, a transcript, by the daughters of Mr. Dawson Turner, of the original Journal kept by Sir J. Banks during his voyage with Capt. J. Cook, 1768-71, was transferred to the Botanical Department. The original, which had been deposited with the MSS. Department to become the property of the Trustees on the death of Lady KnatchbuU, was subsequently claimed and removed by Lord Brabourne, by whom it was sold in 1886 for £7 2s. Qd. The journal was afterwards printed from a transcript of the Dawson Turner copy, edited by Sir J. D. Hooker and published in 1896. Transcripts by the same hands of Banks' correspondence were trans- ferred with the Journal and are now bound in 20 volumes. In 1895 a copy by Miss S. S. Banks of the journal, kept by Sir Joseph Banks during his voyage to Newfoundland and Labrador in 1766, was accjuired (B). Barclay (George) [fi. 1835-1841] Barclay accompanied Capt. Belcher as botanical collector on board the Sulphur (1836-41). His autograph journal of the voyage is preserved in the Museum (B). Bartram (William) [1739-1828] William Bartram, son of the botanist, John Bartram [1701-1777] (seven of whose letters to Dr. Fothergill form the Banksian MS. no. 23), travelled in 1773 at the request of Dr. Fothergill through the southern iwrtions of the United States, and the original manuscript of his "Travels through . . . Carolina, Georgia," etc., and a volume of 102 fols, containing 53 original drawings, with manuscript descriptions of the Plants and Animals of those districts, form the Banksian MSS. no. 23, 78, and 79 (B). Bauer (Ferdinand Lucas) [1760-1826] F. L. Bauer, who accompanied Robt. Brown on Flinders' voyage to Australia, brought back a series of water-colour drawings of the Plants and Animals observed. 49 of his drawings of Animals (Z) and 203 of Plants (B) were presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty in 1843, and two portfolios of his drawings were bequeathed in 1858 by Ptobert Brown (B). His original drawings for some of the plates to A. B. Lambert's " Genus Pinus " are preserved in the Museum (B). Bauer (Franz Andreas) [1758-1840] F. A. Bauer was employed by Sir Joseph Banks in making drawings of Plants in the Poyal Botanic Gardens at Kew, the work being continued after Sir Joseph's death under the special provisions contained in his will, until the decease of Bauer. His drawings illustrating the " Germination of Wheat " and the " Diseases of Corn," with many others, were included in the Banksian Collection, and came to the Museum in 1827 ; but the extensive series of the drawings made at Kew after Banks' death and bequeathed to H.M. George lY., was presented to the Museum in 1841 by her late Majesty Queen Victoria (B). His original drawings for the plates to Sir W. J. Hooker's *' Genera Filicum," and other works with 127 drawings of British Orchids, and some illustrating the form and structure of various parts of Plants, are preserved in the Museum (B). Other drawings of his were purchased in 1879 (B), while some illustrative of microscopic anatomy, done for Sir E. Home, were given in 30 Libraries. 1893 by the executors of Sir E. Owen, in whose collection of drawings they are (L). One of the 25 copies of vol, i of A. B. Lambert's " Genus Fimis" coloured by him, is in the Museum (B). Bennett (John Joseph) [1801-1876] Appointed assistant to Eobert Brown when the Banksian Herbarium was transferred to the British Museum in 1827, Bennett succeeded Brown as Keeper of the Botanical Department in 1858. Brown had bequeathed to him a number of books and MSS., which remained in the Department and were presented to the Trustees in 1876 by Mrs. Bennett (B). The original pencil drawings by J. and C. Curtis for Bennett and Brown's " Planta Javanica rariores," with proof engravings and hand- coloured proofs after letters of the plates are preserved (B). Berkeley (Miles Joseph) [1803-1889] Berkeley, the distinguished mycologist, presented 530 original water- colour drawings done by James Sowerby for the " English Fungi," in 1876 (B). A series of his letters to C. E. Broome was bequeathed with the latter's correspondence in 1886 (B). Berkeley's own correspondence was presented in 1890 (B). Blair (Patrick) [fl. 1706-1728] Copies of the correspondence and a " Catalogue of the discoveries . . . made by Dr. P. Blair," botanist and surgeon, form the Banksian MS., No. 35 (B). Blake (John Bradby) [1745-1773] Sent out in 1766 to Canton as one of the Hon. East India Company's supercargoes, Blake devoted himself to Natural Science. A volume of drawings of Chinese Plants made under his superintendence by a native artist form the Banksian MS., No. 12. Bloxam (Andrew) [1801-1878] Bloxam w^ent as naturalist on the Blonde in 1824-25, and on his return entered the church, becoming Rector of Twycross, in Leicester- shire, and afterwards of Harborough Magna, in Warwickshire. His manuscript notes on the Cellular Cryptograms of Leicestershire, and his Correspondence (forming 1 vol.), were presented by his son in 1878 (B), Bolton (James) [fl, 1775-1795] The self-taught naturalist of HaUfax, Yorks., J. Bolton, etched the illustrations for his own works. His original drawings for the plates of his " Filices Britannic^e " form the Banksian MS., No. 36 (B). 25 original water-colour drawings of Fungi, executed 1788-1794, were purchased in 1892 (B). 50 original water-colour drawings of Flowers from Nature, made 1785-87, were purchased in 1894 (B). Botanical Society of London. The manuscript of the " Proceedings," 1724-26, of this Society, which was a distinct Society from the later one bearing the same name (1836-57), is preserved in the Museum (B). Libraries. 31 Brady (Henry Bowman) [1835-1891] Brady made a special study of the Foraminifera. A copy of Soldaui's rare work, " Testaceograpliiai ac Zoophytographiiii parva3 et microscopicai tomus primus ( — secuudus)" was at Brady's request presented to tlie Museum by the Eoyal Society in 1891, his own copy remaining in their possession (L). Brewer (Samuel) [fl. 1700-1742] As botanical collector for Dillenius and others, Brewer made a collecting tour through Wales. A copy in Solander's handwriting of his unpublished "Botanical Journey through Wales in . . ., 1726 and 1727," forms No. 95 of the lianksian MSS. (B). Broome (Christopher Edmund) [1812-1886] C. E. Broome, the mycologist, bequeathed his books and pamphlets to the number of 212 and the whole of his mycological correspondence with his Herbarium in 1886 (B). A further series of his letters addressed to M. J. Berkeley was presented with the latter's correspondence in 1890 (B). Brown (John), of Stanway [1780-1859] J. Brown was one of the pioneers in Pleistocene pala3ontology. His autograph notes, chiefly relating to English Post-Pliocene deposits with lists of the contained fossils, were presented in 1898 (G). Brown (Robert) [1773-1858] Brown accompanied the expedition under Flinders to Australia; as botanist ; in 1810 he succeeded Dryander as librarian to Sir Joseph Banks ; while from 1827 to 1857 he was Keeper of the Botanical Department. He bequeathed to the Tiustees two portfohos of drawings by Ferdinand L. Bauer " to be placed with the other productions of the same artist," and to his successor, J. J. Bennett, some books and pamphlets with numerous MSS., which were presented to the Trustees in 1876 by Mrs. Bennett (B). The more importrint of these were, his Diary from 1800 to 1803, a Flora of Madeira, a List of Gaelic Plant Names, and Descrip- tions of Ferns, all in his own handwriting. Some of his autograph descriptions of Plants in two volumes were presented in 1888 by Mr. J. Britten (B). The original pencil drawings by J. and C. Curtis, for Bennett and Brown's" Plantaj Javanica3 rariores" are preserved, and also Brown's correspondence in 3 vols. (B). Browne (Patrick) [1720?-1790] While practising medicine in the West Indies, Browne studied their natural history, especially that of Jamaica. An autograph "Catalogue of the Plants of the English Sugar Colonies" forms No. 70 of the Banksian MSS. (B). Bruch (Philipp) [1781-1847] Bruch, who was an apothecary and botanist at Zweibriickeu, devoted much time to the study of Mosses. 219 of his original pencil drawings of Mosses used in illustrating the " Bryologia Europa^a " were purchased in 1883 (B). 32 Libraries, Buchanan, afterwards Hamilton (Francis) [1762-1829] Buchanan went out in 1794: as surgeon in the East India Company's Service. In the following year he accompanied the mission to Ava ; his autograph descriptions with 53 drawings of the plants he observed form the^'Banksiaa MSS., No. 18 and 19 (B). Buonamici (Giovanni Francesco) A transcript of Dr. Buonamici's original MS. " De Plantis qua3 in Melit» et Gaulo observantur" (written about 1670), marked "Ex Biblioth. Boisy, MS. No. 21 " is preserved (B). This work was printed as " Pugillus Meliteus," by F. P. Cavallini in 1689 under his own name, and reprinted by Briickmann in 1737 ; in both cases the Maltese names which appear in the MS. were omitted. Burbidge (Frederick William) [1847- ] Burbidge travelled in the Eastern Archipelago, paying especial attention to the botany of those regions. 115 original sketches, some coloured, made in Borneo, of Orchids, Pitcher-plants, etc., were purchased in 1886 (B). Burgis (Thomas) [fl. 1776] Burgis was employed by Banks to make finished drawings of Plants from sketches by S. Parkinson, J. F. Miller, and others. Some of these are among the Banksian Collection of Drawings (B). Caesalpinus (Andreas) [1519-1603] A manuscript of the celebrated Italian physician and natural philosopher Cfesalpinus, entitled " A. Cffisalpini epistola de methodo Rei Herbarie pra3fixa horto suo sicco qui nunc Florentias in Bibliotheca D. comitis R. Pandulphini adservatur," Pisis, 1563, is in the Museum (B). Caley (George) [ -1829] Caley, who was at first employed in his father's stables, was led by his desire to know more about the herbs used for veterinary purposes, to study botany, and was later sent out by Sir Joseph Banks to collect in New South Wales. His autograph journals and descriptions of the Plants collected formed an item of the Banksian Collection (B). Camellus, or Kamel (Georgius Josephus) [1661-1706] Kamel went as Jesuit missionary to the Philippines. _ A volume of pen-and-ink drawings with autograph descriptions entitled, " Descriptiones Fruticum et Arborum Luzonis," formerly in Sir Hans Sloane's library, was transferred from the MSS. Department m 1881 (B). Carmichael (Dugald) [1772-1840] Two MSS. of D. Carmichael are in the Museum, viz. :— [Autograph] Catalogue of Plants collected in Mauritius and Bourbon [Autograph] Gramina Capensia [and descriptions of Cape Plants] (B). Carpenter (AVilliam Benjamin) [1813-1885] For some years before his death, the well-known naturalist. Dr. W. B. Carpenter, had been collecting materials for a Monograph on " Eozoonr These included 129 water-colour drawings, by A. J. HoUick and C. Berjeau, with 116 photographs and prints, now mounted and bound m Libraries. 33 three volumes, that were presented by his son, the Rev. J. Estlin Cariienter in 1892 (G). ^ Carroll (Isaac) [1828-1880] 262 original pencil drawings, roughly coloured, of Lichens, the work of I. Carroll, and his autograph Catalogue of the Plants of Iceland were purchased, with his Herbarium, in 1874 (B). Castelvetri (Giacomo) A manuscript entitled " Brieve racconto di tutte le Radici, di tutte I'Herbe et di tutti Frutti, che crudi, o cotti in Italia si mansiano," &c., 4°. Londra, 1614, by G. Castelvetri, forms the Banksian MS. No. 91 (B). Cirillo (DoMENico) [1739-1799] The Italian doctor and naturalist, Cirillo, wrote largely on Botany. He corresponded with Brownlow, Earl of Exeter, and an autograph letter to that nobleman on Sicily, giving a list of the Flora, with the unpublished MS. of his " Institutiones Botanica? juxta methodum Tournefortianum " form the Banksian MSS. Xo. 66 and 76 (B). Cleveley (John) [1747-1785] Cleveley, the marine painter, was employed by Banks as draughtsman on the voyage to Iceland, and also to prepare finished drawings from the sketches made by Sydney Parkinson during Capt. Cook's voyage round the World in 1768-71. Many of these are among the drawings in the Banksian Collection (B). Golden, afterwards Farquhar (Jane) Jane Colden was daughter of Cadwallader Colden, the botanist, and G-overnor of New York. Her autogranh *' Flora Nov-Eboracensis " forms the Banksian MS. [No. 99] (B). Collinson (Peter) [1694-1768] Peter Collinson, the naturalist and antiquary, traded with the American Colonies, and some of his collections were in Sir Hans Sloane's Museum. His autograph " Account of the Introduction of American Seeds into Great Britain," 1766, is preserved (B). Cook (James) [1728-1779] Of MSS. and drawings relating to Capt. Cook's three celebrated voyages the Museum possesses : — First Voyage, 1768-71. A transcript of Sir J. Banks' journal (B). Copious manuscript lists and descrii^tions of the Animals and Planta collected. By D. C. Solauder (B, Z). A large collection, filling nineteen volumes, of the original drawings by S. Parkinson (with finished drawings prepared from his incom- plete sketches, by T. Bm-gess, J. Cleveley, J. Miller, J. F. Miller and F. P. Nodder) of the Animals and Plants obtained (B, Z). Second Voyage^ 1772-75. Short manuscript descriptions of the Birds observed. By A\'. Ander- son. The original pencil and water-colour sketches of Animals and Plants made during the voyage. By J. G. A. Forster (B, Z). Third Voijage, 1776-80. Manuscript descriptions of the Animals and Plants. By W. Ander- son (B, Z). 11.5 original water-colour drawings of the animals observed. By W. W. Ellis (Z). VOL. I. D 34 Libraries, Cowan (William Deans) 52 original drawings of Madagascar Orcliids, by the Rev. W. D. Cowan, were purchased in 1883 (B). Crawford, James Ludovic Lindsay, 26^/i Earl of [1847- ] In 1886 Lord Crawford presented a set of De Bry's Collection of Voyages, 25 volumes and the volume on their collation (L). Crow (Francis) " A Catalogue of rare fossil Fruits ( of minute fossil Shells, etc.) from Sheppy Island," etc., in the collection of F. Crow of Faversham, 1810, etc., with 831 pencil drawings is preserved in the Museum (G-). Cunningham (Allan) [1791-1839] As Botanical Collector to the Royal Gardens, Kew, Cunningham travelled in Brazil and New South Wales. Two of his MSS. are in the Museum, viz. : — [Autograph] Journal of the proceedings of Mr. J. Bowie and Mr. A. Cunningham . . . sent out to Rio de Janeiro to collect Plants. Original MS. of the " Few General Remarks on the Vegetation of certain coasts of Terra Australis," which was appended to P. P. King's " Narrative." Curtis (J.) and (C.) The original pencil drawings by J. and C. Curtis for the illustrations to Bennett and Brown's " Plantje Javanicee rariores " are preserved in the Museum (B). Dale (Samuel) [1659 ?-1739] S. Dale the botanist, practising as physician and apothecary at Braintree, Essex, was a friend of Ray, and corresponded with Sir H. Sloane. His autograph copies of T. Johnson's " Iter Plantarum investi- gation] s ... in agrum cantianum," &c., 1629 and 1632, form the Banksian Museum MS. No. 96 (B). Davidson (Thomas) [1817-1885] Davidson devoted his life to the study of the Brachiopoda. The whole of his MSS. and drawings in 22 volumes with his library of 897 books and pamphlets relating to the Brachiopoda were presented in 1886 (G). De Crespigny (Eyre Champion) [1821-1895] De Crespigny became Conservator of Forests in India and Super- intendent of the Botanic Gardens at Dapsorie. A collection of his original drawings of Indian Plants was purchased in 1877. Derham (AVilliam) [1657-1735] The original MS. of Derham's " Life of Ray" was purchased in 1884 (B). Deschamps (L. A.) Deschamps accompanied Entrecasteaux as naturalist on the Becherche during the expedition in search of La Perouse. His unpublished autograph journals kept during the voyage and on his subsequent travels in Java, with materials for a Flora Javanica, water-colour sketches of Javan scenery. Plants (B), and animals (Z), as well as other notes and memoranda were presented in 1861. Librarnes, 35 Dilleniiis (Johannes Jacobus) [1687-1747] Dillenius, sometime Botanical Professor at Oxford, wliose principal work was an " Historia Muscorum," prepared his own illustrations for the plates: his original drawings for the tirst 79 plates of tliat work (the remaining 6 were drawn on the copper direct) form the Banksian MS No. 56 (B). His letters written to Brewer in 1726-28 are also preserved (B). Dinkell (J.) A number of original drawings, chiefly of fossil vertebrate remains, by J. Dinkell, form part of the Owen Collection of Drawings, presented in 1893 (L). Dryander (Jonas) [1748-1810] On Solander's death, Dryander became librarian to Sir Joseph Banks. His manuscripts in connection with the catalogue of Banks' Library, a manuscript catalogue of the original drawings of animals in that library (Z), his manuscript notes for a memoir on the genus Erica, an index to the sj^ecies described by Jacquin in the latter's correspondence with him, copious additions to Solander's MSS. and numerous manuscript lists, including one of the Plants collected by F. Masson in Madeira, as well as his correspondence (in 1 vol.), are preserved in the Museum (B). Edmonston (Thomas) [1825-1846] The young Shetlander, Thos. Edmonston, who was one of the naturalists on board the Herald, had specially studied the Flora of Shetland and added the Arenaria norvegica to the British Flora. His " Flora of Shetland " was published in 1845, and his autograph notes, begun in 1837, for this work are preserved in the Museum (B). Edwards (Sydenham Teast). [1769?-1819] Edwards was a botanical and zoological artist and editor of the " New Botanic Garden." Some of the original drawings for this work were acquired in 1895 and 1896 (B). • Ehret (Georg Dionysius) [1708-1770] Ehret came to England about 1740. He furnished illustrations, among other works, for Trew's " Plantas Selecta?," and P. Browne's " Civil and Natural History of Jamaica," and the original drawings for these illustra- tions are preserved in the Museum. 65 original water-colour^ drawings of Plants from the collection of Sir K. More and 4 volumes of original -drawings of rare Plants, Fruits, and Seeds, forming the Banksian ]\1SS. No. 16 [106-109], with 22 drawings of Plants collected in Newfoundland by Sir J. Banks (tive of which were used for illustrations to Alton's ^' Hortus Kewensis "), came with the Banksian library. Of other draw- ings by Ehret, 180 were purchased in 1877 and a few others in 1878 and 1896. The Museum also possesses an autograph autobiography and ■other manuscripts of Ehret as well as a " Life " of him in the hand- writing of C. J. Trew (B). EUis (William AV.) Ellis appears to have accompanied Captain Cook on the latter's third voyage to the Pacific in the capacity of artist. 115 original water-colour drawings by him of the animals met with form the Banksian IMS. No. 33 (B). D 2 36 Libraries. Enniskillen, William Willoughby Cole, 2>rd Earl of [1807-1886] Besides MSS. relating to his collection of fossil fish, Lord Enniskillen presented in 1885 three transcripts by Mary Anning, the famous fossil- collector of Lyme Regis, of papers in the " Transactions of the Geological Society " with copies in pencil of the plates (G-). Enys (John D.) A series of 88 autograph letters of J. Eay and his contemporaries (B) were presented by Enys in 1884. Evans (Caleb) [1831-1886] Evans made a special study of the geology of the London basin and south of England, and had special oppor'tunities of collecting from sections made during the main drainage works. His manuscript notes and drawings, in 3 volumes, were presented in 1889 (G). Evans (^S'^V John), K.C.B. [1823- ] Sets of the publications of the Linnean Society of London from 1877 and of the Zoological Society of London from 1868 were presented by Sir J. Evans in 1890, and he has given subsequent parts as they appear up to the present time (L). Falconer (Hugh) [1808-1865] Falconer served as surgeon on the Bengal Establishment of the Kon. East India Company. In association with his friend Captain Cautley he worked at the Sivalik beds. In connection with their joint work on the "Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis," he formed a large collection of drawings, which were presented in 1867 or 1868, and include : — Sketches for 20 plates of Sivalik fauna, including Colossochelys and Crocodile; sketches for 18 unpublished plates of Ruminant remains; 53 drawings in water-colour and pen-and-ink of Indian fossils, including sketches for plates : and a collection of 170 drawings in water-colour, pen-and-ink, or pencil, of various fossil Mammalia and a Chelonian, drawn by J. Dinkel, J. J. Kaup, and others (G). Fleming (John) [ -1815] Indian medical officer and botanist. 13 folio volumes of drawings of Indian Plants that had been the property of Dr. Fleming were purchased in 1882, and are now incorporated in the systematically arranged collection of drawings (B). Forbes (Henry Ogg) [1851- ] 26 original drawings of Sumatran and Javan Plants, made by Forbes during his travels in the Eastern Archipelago, were acquired in 1884 (B). Forbes (James), A.L.S. [1773-1861] Jas. Forbes was gardener at Woburn Abbey. A copy of the rare work " Salictum Woburnense," supposed to be mainly the work of Forbes, and privately printed by the Duke of Bedford in 1829, Avas presented in 1890. Forster (Johann Georg Adam) [1754-1794] J. G. A. Forster went as assistant to his father, J. R. Forster, on the second voyage of Captain Cook to the Pacific. His original w^.ater-colour Libraries, 37 and pencil drawings of the Animals and Plants oOserved on that occasion, filling 4 volumes, form the Banksian M8S. No. G-9 (B and Z). Franks {Sir Augustus Wollaston) [1826-1897] In 1880 a copy of W. Smith's large Geological Map of England and Wales (1815) (G) was presented by Sir A. W. Franks. Gerard (John) [1545-1612] Besides his " Herbal," Gerard wrote a " Catalogus Arborum . . . ac Plantarum ... in horto J. Gerardi . . . nascentium . . . 1596," of which rare work a copy in manuscript forms the Banksian MS., No. 89 (B). Goodenough (Samuel), Bishop of Carlisle [1743-1827] The original drawings for the plates to Bishop Goodenough's " Obser- servations on the British species of Carex" in the Transactions of the Linnjean Society, vol. ii. and iii., are preserved in the Museum (B). Gray (John Edward) [1800-1875] Keeper of the Zoological Department from 1840 to 1875, Gray presented in 1861 to that DeiDartment 89 volumes of Zoological works and pamphlets, including the manuscript notes by C. E. Darwin, T. Bell, and himself on the Pteptiles and Amphibia collected during the voyage of the Beagle. He was a constant donor to his department thereafter (Z). In 1865 he presented the MSS. and botanical drawings of R. A. Salisbury (B). On his death in 1875 his widow presented many other works and drawings, of which last the most noteworthy are the original water-colour and pen-and-ink drawings of animals made by A. Adams on the voyage of the Samarang, and the 65 original water-colour drawings of Chelonia by J. de C. Sowerby used for the illustrations in T. Bell's " Monograph of the Testudinata," and Sowerby and Lear's " Tortoises " (Z). Gronovius or Gronow (Laurentius Theodorus) [1730-1777] Gronovv was a Senator of Leyden and one of the best ichthyologists of his day. His collection, and a manuscript description of it illustrated by numerous original drawings, were purchased at an auction in London in 1853 (Z). The manuscript was afterwards printed and issued in 1854 as one of the Museum catalogues. Hansen (Georcxe) A number of original drawings of monstrous flowers of cultivated Orchids, by G. Hansen, Superintendent of the Foothill Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of California, were purchased about 1890 (B). Hardwicke (Thomas), Major-General in the Indian Army [ -1835] Hardwicke formed an extensive collection of illustrations of Asiatic zoology, besides making himself some botanical draAvings and notes. The greater part of the collection is the work of native artists; but among the drawings of Fish (in addition to one of the four sets of drawings of Chinese Fish by a native artist that J. Beeves caused to be ]irepared) are included, some by Major Neeld, others by Major Farquhar, and copies from drawings by Buchanan Hamilton. There is also a series of drawings of Birds by T. W. Lewin. 38 Libraries. The collection is composed of the following sets : — 22 original -water-colour drawings of Plants made in the north-western provinces of India in 1796, with autograph descriptions (B). 56 water-colour sketches of Plants from the neighbourhood of Pletten- burg Bay, S. Africa, by "C. H. W." and "I. W. B.," with autograph descriptions by Major-General Hardwicke, 1812 (B). Water-colour drawings of Indian and Chinese animals (Z), viz., 194 Mammals, 1,230 Birds, 65 Birds'-nests and eggs, 366 Eeptiles, 813 Fish, 545 Insects, 94 Insect larva?, 58 Insects of Nepaul, 97 Arachnida, 233 Crustacea, 97 Mollusca and Radiata. Water-colour drawings of animals of various countries (Z), viz., 35 Vertebrata and Jnvertebrata, 118 Mammals, 429 Birds, and 76 Birds by T. W. Lewin. These sets, which are bound in 32 volumes, were bequeathed by Hardwicke with his specimens to the Museum in 1835, a sum of money being at the same time left to defray the expense of publishing the scientific description of them. The latter intention was, however, frus- trated by a Chancery suit, instituted soon after his death. Some of the drawings w^ere used for plates in J. E. Gray's "Illustrations of Indian Zoology," and Jardine and Selby's " Illustrations of Ornithology." Hodgson (Bryan Houghton) [1800-1894] The Indian Civilian and Orientalist, Hodgson, was appointed Assistant Resident and, later, Resident in Nepaul. He made large zoological collections in Nepaul, supplemented by water-colour drawings of the Vertebrata, by native artists. These Avere sent home and presented to the Museum in 1845 and 1858 ; the drawings number 1,319 in 7 volumes (Z). Hooker (>S'/r Joseph Dalton), 6^.0.5. J. [1817- ] Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew, from 1865 to 1885. Hooker started on his career as Surgeon and Naturalist on the ErebuSy under Sir J. Ross, during the expedition to the Antarctic regions in 1839-43. Autograph lists of the plants collected, with notes and drawings made during the early part of the expedition (B), and 28 water-colour drawings and pencil sketches of Antarctic fish (Z), some of which were utilised by Sir J. Richardson in illustrating his zoology of the voyage, are preserved in the Museum. Hooker {Sir AVilliam Jackson) [1785-1865] Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew, from 1841 to 1865. The original water-colour drawings by Franz A. Bauer for the plates to Hooker's " Genera Filicum " are preserved in the Museum (B). Horsfield (Thomas) [1713-1859] Horsfield practised as a physician in Java and Sumatra from 1799 to 1819, when he became Keeper of the East India Company's Museum in London. His manuscript lists of Javanese Plants, with letters and 33 original pen-and-ink sketches showing dissections of the new or doubtful genera, 1814-51, that accompanied his collection, are in the Museum (B). Houstoun (William) [1695-1733] Houstoun practised as a surgeon in the West Indies. His manu- script lists and descriptions of West Indian Plants passed, after the death of Philip Miller with w^hom he corresponded, into the hands of Sir J. Libraries, 39 Banks, and form MSS. No. 67-69 (B) of the Banksian collection. The catalogue was published by Banks under the title of "Reliquiae Hou- stounianaj" (1781). Hunter (William) [1755-1812] The well-known Orientalist and Botanist, W. Hunter, was Medical Officer to the East India Company. His autograph " Outline of a Flora of Prince of Wales' Island " (Penang), is in the Museum (B). Inwards (Richard) In 1898, Mr. Inwards presented a series of 42 water-colour sketches of fossils obtained near Lake Titicaca, with a map of the district (G). The fossils had already been given in 1880. Jacquin (Nicholaus Joseph von), Baron [1727-1817] Jacquin, who was a Botanist of note, corresponded with Dryander. His autograph notes and letters, with sketches and water-colour drawings, were included in the Banksian Collection (B), Jensen (Fritz) 43 pencil drawings, with manuscript explanations, of the vegetation of Lifu, Loyalty Island, made in 1876 by F. Jensen, were purchased (B). Johnson (Thomas) [ -1644] The Botanist and Apothecary, T. Johnson, became a prominent member of the Apothecaries' Company. The Society was in the habit of making botanical excursions, and Johnston published accounts of the results of their expeditions into Kent and to Hampstead Heath. Manu- scri^Dt transcripts by S. Dale of these, the earliest local Floras known, form the Banksian MS. No. 96 (B). Judd (John Wesley), C.B. [1840- ] In 1897, Dr. Judd presented three photographic facsimiles of maps and of a table by W. Smith (Q). Justen (Frederick) In addition to many minor presentations at various times, Mr. Justen gave in 1890 a copy of the rare and valuable " Salictum Woburnense " (B), and in 1896, three volumes containing notes and descriptions, with a few drawings, of Peruvian Plants by A. Mathews (B). Kaup (JoHANN Jacob) [1803-1873] Kaup was Inspector of the " Naturahencabinet " at Darmstadt. His original drawings for the illustrations to his " Catalogue of Apodal Fish in the . . . British Museum," 1856, are preserved in the Museum (Z). Water-colour drawings by him, chiefly of fossil vertebrata remains, are m the Owen Collection (L) and Geological Collection (a) of drawings. Kerr (William) [ -1814] As Botanical Collector for Kew Gardens, Kerr, afterwards Superinten- dent of the Botanical Garden, Ceylon, visited the Philippines. His autograph journal of a " Botanical Mission to the Island of Luconia in . . . 1805 " is in the Museum (B). Kirby (William) [1759-1850] Two MSS. of the llev. W. Kirby, the entomologist and joint author with W. Spence of the famous " Introduction to Entomology," are in the 40 Libraries. Collection : an autograph. MS. entitled " Musgeum Entomologicum Bar- haraense. Pars prima sistens Insecta M. Britanniaj indi^enje," which was presented with their collections in 1863 by the Entomological Society, and a manuscript catalogue of British Staphylinidfe in 3 vol. presented by Dr. J. E. Gray in 1869. Knowlton (Thomas) [1692-1782] Knovvlton began life as Superintendent of Dr. Sherard's garden at Eltham, and in 1728 entered the service of Kichard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington, at Lanesborough, Yorks. He attained eminence as a botanist, and corresponded with many noted contemporaries, including S. Brewer. Knowlton's letters to Brewer between 1728 and 1741 are preserved in the Collection (B). K0nig (JoHAN Gerhard) [1728-1785] K0nig, a Danish Medical Missionary in Tranquebar, kept journals of his voyages with lists and descriijtions of East Indian (including Siam and Malacca) Plants, Animals, and Minerals. These form the Banksian MSS., No. 37-55 (B). An English translation of such portions as relate to the Straits Settlements appeared in the Journ. Straits Branch Roy. Asiatic Soc, Nos. 26 and 27 (1894). Lambert (Aylmer Bourke) [1761-1842] In 1841, Lambert presented a copy of Cramer's " Papillons exotiques," formerly the pi-oj^jcrty of H. Seymer, by whom it had been annotated and some of the plates re-touched (Z). At the sale of Lambert's librarj^ in 1842 the Museum acquired the MSS. of H. Ruiz Lopez and J. Pavon relating to their botanical exploration of Peru and Chili in 1777-88, and including the journal of the voyage and description of plants (B). The original drawings by Ferdinand L. Bauer for some of the plates to Lambert's " Genus Finus,^^ with one of the 25 copies of vol. i. coloured by Franz A. Bauer, are preserved (B). Lee (Ann), Miss [fl. 1769-1779] Ann Lee, daughter of James Lee, of Hammersmith, the Horticulturist, was an excellent flower-painter. 19 water-colour drawings by her, mostly on vellum, illustrating the genus Mesenibryanthemum, are preserved in the Museum (B). Lee (Charles) In 1884, 87 water-colour drawings of Cape Plants by F. Masson (B) were presented by C. Lee, nephew of the foregoing. Lewin (Thomas W.) 75 water-colour drawings of Birds by Lewin form part of the Hard wick e Collection of drawings (Z). L'Heritier de Brutelle (Charles Louis) [1748-1800] A series of 51 autograph letters from L'Heritier de Brutelle, one of the most celebrated French Botanists of his time, to Dryander, form one of the Banksian MSS. [No. 101] (B). Lightfoot (John) [1735-1788] The Rev. J. Lightfoot, some time Librarian and Chaplain to the Duchess of Portland, and the author of " Flora Scotica," kept a journal Libraries, 41 of a botanical excursion made in Wales in 1775, of which a transcript by Solander forms the Banksian MS., No. 86 (B). Lind (James) [1736-1812] The Scotch physician J. Lind, visited China in 1766, and accompanied Banks on his voyage to Iceland in 1772, he subsequently became physician to the Royal Household at Windsor. A holograph " Catalogue of such Chinese and Japanese Plants whose Chinese characters are known and are botanically described: being an Index to find there [sic] Chinese characters in Kempfer's Amasnitates exotica," (fee, 1789, addressed to Sir Joseph Banks formed part of the Banksian Collection (B). Lindley (John) [1799-1865] An early autograph draft by the celebrated Botanist Lindley for his " Natural System of Botany " is preserved in the Museum (B). 74 water- colour drawings of Plants, by Lindley, were purchased in 1897 (B). Linne (Carl von) [1707-1778] A series of lectures delivered by the great Swedish Naturalist between 1716 and 1749, and written down by L. Montin, form the Banksian MSS., No. 71-75 (B M Z). Linnean Society of London Presented, in 1896, 33 miscellaneous works. Lockhead (William) [ -1815] Lockhead was curator of the St. Vincent Botanic Garden. 19 of his original drawings of West Indian Plants are preserved in the Museum (B). Lonsdale (William) [1794-1871] Lonsdale, who was some time Curator and Librarian to the Geological Society, made a special study of Fossil Corals. His unpublished autograph, "Report on some Fossil Zoantharia collected by Sir C. Lyell ... in Madeira and the Islet of Baxio during 1854," is preserved in the Museum (G). Loureiro (Joao de) [1715-1796] The Portuguese Jesuit Loureiro, who travelled in Indo-China, and wrote a "Flora Cochiuchinensis," sent to England original descriptions of the new genera, that form the Banksian ]\IS., No. 93 (B). MacGillivray (William) [1796-1852] 213 of the original water-colour drawings of British Animals (13 Mammals, 122 Birds, and 78 Fish) executed between 1831 and 1841 by the celebrated Naturalist, W. MacGillivray, who was noted for the care and fidelity of his drawings, were presented in 1892 by his son P. H. MacGillivray (Z). MaconocMe (Alexander) Capt. Maconochie, Pt.N., Lieut.-Governor of Norfolk Island, gave to R. Brown a series of autograph " Reports on Norfolk Island," contammg natural history observations (B). 42 Libraries, Mantell (Gideon Algernon) [1790-1852] Some water-colour drawings of fossils by the well-known Geologist, Dr. Mantell, are included in the " Catalogue of Fossil Organic Remains in the Cabinet of Mrs. M. H. Smith of Tunbridge Wells," which was presented in 1892 (G). Martini (Bartolommeo) Martini was author of a "Catalogus Plantarum a me in itinere montis Baldi inventarum," published in 1707. The manuscript of a further work by him dated 1715, entitled " Catalogo al fassiculo di Monte Baldo delle Piante naturali," is in the Museum (B). Martyn (John) [1699-1768], and (Thomas). [1735-1825] A series of the autograph letters of these Botanists form the Banksian MS. [No. 103] (B). Massee (George Edward) Some drawings of Fungi were presented in 1888 by Mr. Massee, now Principal Assistant, Royal Gardens, Kew. 1,036 of his water-colour drawings of Fungi were purchased in 1892 (B). Masson (Francis) [1741-1805] The first botanical collector sent out from Kew Gardens was F. Masson, who travelled in South Africa, the Canaries, Azores, Madeira, the West Indies and North America. A number (about 63) of his water-colour drawings of Plants and Animals made on these expeditions were in the Banksian Collection (BZ). In 1885, a further series of 87 of his water-colour drawings of Plants were presented by Mr. C. Lee (B). Mathews (Andrew) [ -1841] Some notes with a few pencil drawings of Peruvian Plants by the Botanical collector, A. Mathews, forming 3 volumes, were presented by his daughters in 1896 (B). Maund (Benjamin) [1790-1863] B. Maund combined in his person the callings of chemist, botanist, bookseller, printer, and publisher of " The Botanic Garden." The original water-colour drawings for this work wei-e presented in 1882 (B). Miers (John) [1789-1879] The engineer and botanist, J. Miers, spent many years in South America. His MSS., including "A Catalogue of the Woods of Brazil" and original drawings of South American Plants and their dissections, as well as the works used and annotated by him, were presented by J. W. Miers in 1879 and 1880 (B). Miller (John), otherwise Miiller (Johann Sebastian) [1715?-1790?] Miiller, the draughtsman and engraver, came to England in 1744, and was always known after 1760 as John Miller. He published and projected several illustrated works dealing with Plants and Insects. Libraries. 43 " A series of 928 drawings [in water-colour] of the leaves, stalks and ramifications of Plants . . . executed for the Earl of Bute, in the years 1783-84," in 5 vols., was purchased in 1880 (B). Miller (John Frederick) [fl. 1775-1796] The son of John Miller (or Miiller), J. F. Miller became known as a draughtsman. He and his brother James were employed by Banks in making finished drawings from S. Parkinson's sketches of the Plants collected during Cook's first voyage round the world : he also accompanied Banks in 1772 to Iceland as botanical artist. His water-coloured drawings so made form part of the Banksian Collection (B). Montin (Lars) Certain of Linnjeus' lectures delivered between 1746 and 1749, and written down by his pupil L. Montin, form the Banksian MSS. No. 71-75 (B, M, Z), while the journal Montin kept on a journey he made in 1749 to Lapland forms the Banksian MS. No. 83 (B). Moon (Alexander) [ -1825] 37 original water-colour drawings by A. Moon, Superintendent of the Botanic Garden, Ceylon, with autograph descriptions of Ceylon Plants, are preserved in the Museum (B). Morandi (Giambattistia) Morandi, Knight, of Milan, was author of an " Historia Botanica Practica," etc., L744 : a manuscript draft for this work, said to be in his handwriting, entitled, " Erudimenta Botanica," etc., and illustrated by 133 plates of his original drawings, is preserved (B). Morris (John) [1810-1886] 226 pamphlets on Geological subjects from the library of Prof. Morris were acquired in 1886 (G). Moseley (Harriet), Miss [fl. 1836-1867] 1,922 original water-colour drawings of British Plants, by Miss Moseley, were purchased 1886 (B). Moseley (Henry Nottidge) [1844-1891] Moseley formed one of the members of the scientific staff of the Challenger. His autograph journal of natural history observations made during the voyage was presented by him in 1883 (Z). Neill (J.) Neill, who was Deputy Assistant Commissary-General of Albany, King George's Sound, Western Australia, made, at the suggestion of Governor Grey, water-colour drawings of the Vertebrata of the district. 67 of these, some of which illustrate and are referred to in Eyre's "Journals of Expeditions of discovery into Central Australia" (1845), were presented by Mr. Neill in 1845 (Z). Nodder (Frederick Polydore) [ -1800?] The botanical draughtsman F. P. Nodder was employed by Banks to make finished drawings, from Parkinson's sketches, of the Plants collected during Cook's first voyage round the world, which drawings form part of of the Banksian Collection (B). 44 Libraries. Noronha (Ferxaxdo) [ -1787] The Spanish botanist F. Noronha or Norofia, who did much at Manilla to the Eoyal Botanic Gardens, subsequently travelled in Java and Madagascar. A set of 111 water-colour drawings of Java Plants made by him, or for him, of which there is a similar set in the Royal Library at Berlin, were included among the MSS. and drawings of L. A. Deschamps, that were presented by J. E. Eeeves in 1861 (B). Owen {Sir Richard), K.C.B. [1804-1892] Sir Pu Owen was Superintendent of the Natural History Departments of the British Museum, 185(3-83. In 1893, Sir R. Owen's executors presented a large series of MSS. and original drawings including : — The original autograph notes made while dissecting the Pearly Nautilus, the successive drafts for poi'tions of the memoir, the author's interleaved copy of the completed memoir with his autograph notes and other memoranda as well as the original water-colour drawings from which the plates w'ere engraved, and proof impressions of the plates (L). The set of his manuscript notes and synopsis of lectures from 1828 to 186-1 (L). Notes and sketches of remains of fossil Eeptilia in various Museums, made when preparing his British Association Reports on the British Fossil Eeptilia (G). A set of original water-colour drawings by W. Clift, Franz Bauer, Mrs. Marsli and others for the illustrations to Sir E. Home's papers (L). A very large collection of original drawings by various artists (e.g., G. Scharf, J. Dinkel, J. J. Kamp, Sir E. Landseer, J. Wolf) in water-colour, pen-and-ink and pencil, with photographs, all of zoological and pala30zoological subjects, mostly fossil Vertebrata, very many being the originals for illustrations in Sir E. Owen's own works (L). This collection though mounted and arranged has not yet been catalogued. Park (MuNGo) [1771-1806] Afterwards celebrated as an African explorer, Mungo Park went in 1792 as surgeon on board the Worcester to Sumatra, where he made botanical and zoological observations. 20 water-colour drawings of Fish executed at the time with manuscript descriptions of six of the species were probably included in the Banksian Collection (Z).* Parkinson (George S.) In 1896, a series of 185 sketches in water-colour, pen-and-ink and pencil by G. Shaw, the zoologist, as well as a portrait of S. Parkinson the artist (L), were presented by Mr. G. S. Parkinson. Parkinson (Sydney) [1745?-1771] Parkinson accompanied Banks as draughtsman on Cook's first voyage round the world (1768-71). 40 water-colour drawings of animals, mostly on vellum, made from specimens or drawings executed in India, by order of J. G. Loten, and including the originals of some of the figures in Pennant's "Indian Zoology " and " Quadrupeds," formed the Banksian MS. No. 20 (Z). * Cf. Trans. Linn. See. iii. (1797), pp. 33-38. Libraries, 45 The large collection in 10 volumes of his water-colour drawings and pencil sketches of Plants and Animals made on the voyage round the world, with finished drawings made from his sketches by T. Bargis, J. Cleveley, Jas. Miller, J. F. Miller and F. P. Nodder, were also acquired with the Banksian Collection (B, Z). A portrait of Parkinson in oils was presented in 1806 (L). Pavon (Jose) [/. 1770-1825] The Spanish botanist, Pavon, accompanied Ruiz Lopez to Peru and Chili. In addition to the manuscripts named later under lluiz Lopez, the Museum possesses autograph lists of American and Spanish plants forwarded hj Pavon to A. B. Lambert (B). Petiver (James) [ -1718] A set of 73 rough water-colour drawings of Cape Plants, some of which were used for the plates to Petiver's " Gazophyllacium," forms the Banksian MS. No. 88 (B). The copv of Pvumph's " D'Amboinische Rariteitkamer," used by Petiver in the preparation of the " Gazophyllacium," and having an interlinear manuscript translation, was transferred in 1880 froni' the Printed Book Department : it would seem to have previously formed part of Sir Hans Sloane's library (L). Plumier (Charles) [1646-1704] The French botanist and traveller, C. Plumier, was author of many works on American Plants. 312 original water-colour and pen-and-ink drawings of Plants many of which were used in illustrating his published works, form the Banksian MS. No. 1-5 (B). Ponthieu (Henry de) Autograph descriptions of some West Indian Plants, by H. de Ponthieu, a French West Indian Merchant, are preserved^ in the Museum (B). Pope (Clara Maria), Mrs. [ -1838] Eleven original water-colour drawings illustrating species and varieties of the genus Foeonia, executed in 1821 or 1822 by Mrs. Pope, the artist and flower painter to the Horticultural ''Society, are preserved in the Museum (B). Pulteney (Richard) [1730-1801] The original autograph of Pulteney's " Catalogue of Plants spontaneously growing about Loughborough," forms the Banksian MS. No. 00 (B). A manuscript " Flora Malabarica, Plantas sistans, quas H. van Eheede Drakenstein . . . prasbuit. Synonimis Linna^i, Raii and Rhumphii additis per R. Pulteney," forms the Banksian MS. No. 26 (B). The Museum also possesses his autograph " Catalogue of Englisli Plants," and unpublished "Flora Anglica abbreviata" (B). Ramsay (Robert George Wardlaw-), Captain The Ornithological Library of the Marquess of Tweeddale was i:re- sented in 1887 by his nephew, Capt. Wardlaw-Ramsay. The collection comprises 608 works in 2,560 volumes, besides some 200 pamphlets, and is kept for use in the Bird Room (Z). 46 Libraries, Kay (John) [1627-1705] 88 autograpli letters of the celebrated naturalist, J. Piay, and his correspondents, were presented in 1884 (B). The original MS. of Derham's Life of Ray was acquired during the same year (B). Keeves (John) [1774-1856] J. Eeeves, when Inspector of Tea at the East India Company's establishment in Canton, made careful study of the natural history and resources of the country. lie employed native artists in making water- colour drawings of the Animals and Plants. 521 of these drawings of Animals (Z) and 654 of the Plants (B), were presented in 1877 with J\1SS. notes concerning the drawings of Fish, of which Sir J. Ptichardson states (Kept. Brit. Assoc, 1845, p. 188), that four sets were made, one of which was given to Major-Gen. T. Hardwicke whose collection of drawings was bequeathed to the Museum in 1835. Reeves (John Russell) [1804-1877] J. P. Peeves, the son of John Reeves, was in Hon. East India Company's service at Canton for thirty years and devoted to botany and horticulture. He presented in 1861 the unpublished autograph journals of L. A. Deschamps, kept on the voyage of the Eeclierche in search of La Perouse, and during subsequent travels in Java, with the notes for a Flora Javanica and the original sketches of Scenery, Animals and Plants, including 111 water-colour drawings of Java Plants by, or made for F. Noronha (B, Z). On his death, Miss Reeves presented the collection of Chinese drawings which her father, J. Reeves, had formed (B Z). Roemer (Johann Jacob) [1763-1819] 210 original drawings, formerly the property of Dr. Roemer, were purchased in 1883 (B). Rothschild {Hon. Lionel Walter) [1868- ] Life-size photographs of Apteryx and of giant Tortoises were presented in 1897 and subsequent years (Z G L) by the Hon. L. W. Rothschild. Roxburgh (William) [1759-1815] The botanist W. Roxburgh was surgeon on the Madras establishment of the Hon. East India Company and afterwards Superintendent of the Calcutta Botanic Garden. The manuscript copy of his " Flora Indica," containing autograph notes by him and by Robert Brown that are not in the piinted edition ; an index to the whole of his botanical MSS. ; 14 water-colour drawings of Malayan Plants, with one of a Cycas from the Moluccas : and some autograph descriptions, with 22 coloured drawings of Indian Palms and the drawings of the dissections, used in his " Plants of the Coast of Coromandel," are in the Museum (B) : the last-named was purchased in 1884. Royal Society of London The Royal Society presented, in 1886, 34 miscellaneous works, and, in 1891, 227 geological and palseontological pamphlets (G), as well as, by request of H. B. Brady, a copy of Soldani's rare work " Testaceographise ac Zoophytographise . . . tomus primus ( - secundus) " (L). Libraries, 47 Ruiz Lopez (Hipolito) [1754-1815] The Spanish botanist, Ruiz Lopez, was appointed to conduct an expedition for the botanical exploration of Peru and Chili in 1777. He was accompanied by J. Pavou, and the two returned in 1788. Their joint manuscript descriptions of the Plants procured, which formed the basis for their " Flora Peruviana et Chilensis," with lluiz Lopez's autograph " Relaciou historica del Viage" and his important manuscripts on Cinchona, were purchased at the sale of the Lambert Library in 1842 (B). Russell (Anna), Mrs. [1807-1876] 730 of her original water-colour drawings of the higher Fungi were bequeathed by Mrs. Russell in 1876, and 5 more were presented in 1886 (B). Salisbury (Richard Anthony) [1761-1829] R. A. Salisbury, the botanist, left his property to W. J. Burchell the explorer, on whose decease in 1863 the MSS. and drawings passed into the hands of Dr. J. E. Gray, by whom they were given to the Museum (B) in 1865. Salisbury's notes and drawings of Ericaceous Plants were transferred from the Royal Gardens at Kew in 1881 (B). Salter (John William) [1820-1869] J. W. Salter, the pala3ontologist, was apprenticed at the age of 15 to James De Carle Sowerby and when working witli him prepared iUus- trations for the supplement to his English Botany. These original drawings were acquired with Sowerby's in 1862 (B). Saunders (William Wilson) [1809-1879] A number of drawings and engravings of Plants collected by W. W. Saunders were acquired in 1880 (B). Scharf (George) [1788-1860] A number of original drawings, chiefly of fossil vertebrate remains, by G. Scharf, form part of the Owen Collection of Drawings, presented in 1893 (G and L). Schleiden (Matthias Jakob) [1804-1881] A series of original water-colour and pen-and-ink drawings of Plants, by M. J. Schleiden, Professor of Botany at Jena, with manuscript descriptions of them, the whole bound in 9 volumes, were purchased in 1886 (B). Schmidt (Johann Carl) [1793-1850] The Museum possesses an autograph work by J. C. Schmidt, the Curator of the Shuttleworth Herbarium at Bern, entitled : — " Beschreibung der innlandischen Arten von Cuscuta " (B). Schomburgk (Sir Robert Hermann) [1804-1865] Sir R. H. Schomburgk, the traveller, acted as Commissioner for dehneating the boundary between British Guiana and Venezuela in 1841-43. A manuscript of his memoir " On the Forest Trees of British Guiana and their uses," etc., read before the British Association in 1814, and subsequently to the Linnean Society, and printed by that Society in its proceedings, is preserved in the Museum (B). 48 Libraries. A series of 248 original water-colour drawings of Plants of British Guiana was presented in 1847 in part by Sir Robert himself, and in part by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, Earl Grej^ (B). Seyffert (Heinrichus Christophorus) 133 original water-colour drawings of Fungi, bv H. C. Seyffert, a physician at Possneck, form the Banksian MS. No. Qb (B.) Seymer (Henry) [1745-1800] A copy of Cramer's "Papillons exotiques" which had belonged to H. Seymer of Hanford, Dorset, who had added the Linnean names and retouched several of the coloured plates, was presented by A. B. Lambert m 1841 (Z). Shaw (George) [1751-1813] 185 of his original water-colour, pen-and-ink and pencil sketches, by G. Shaw, Keeper of the Natural History Section of the British Museum, 1807-13, were presented in 1896 (L). Sherard (William) [1659-1728] W. Sherard, the Botanist who was Consul at Smyrna, contributed some notes and observations on the first two volumes of Ray's " Historia Plantarum" and his MSS. endorsed by Ray, form the Banksian MS. No. 80 (B). Simpson (Martin) [1799-1892] M. Simpson, the Geologist, was author of several works on the geology and pala3ontology of Yorkshire. His original drawings of Belemnites for his book on " The Fossils of the Yorkshire Lias," consisting of 8 unpublished plates, were presented in 1899 (G). Sloane {Sir Hans) [1660-1753] The original manuscript catalogues of the natural history collections of Sir H. Sloane, 15 volumes in all, the copy of his "Voyage to the Islands Madera, Barbados . . . and Jamaica," &c., annotated in his own hand-writing, the original drawings for the plates to that work (bound up with the specimens from which they were made in the 8 volumes of Sloane's Jamaica Herbarium) and his copy of Ray's " Historia Plantarum," with marginal references to his herbarium, and autograph addenda, may be said to have formed the nucleus of the present Natural History Library (B, G, M). Some works containing manuscript notes by J. Petiver probably once formed part of his library (B L). A series of pen-and-ink drawings with autograph descriptions by G. J. Camellus, entitled " Descriptiones Fruticum et Arborum Luzonis," etc., from Sir H. Sloane's library, was transferred from the ]M[SS. Department in 1884. Smith (Christian) [1785-1816] A manuscript biography of Christian Smith, Prof, of Botany at the University of Christiania, who travelled in the British Isles, to Madeira and Tenerif and lost his life on Tuckey's Congo Expedition in 1816, is preserved in the Museum (B). Libraries. 49 Smith (Charles Hamilton) [1776-1859] Smith's original MS. on "Horses, the Equidaj or freniis Equufi of authors," ilkisti-ated with 100 water-colour drawings, is pi-eservcd in the Museum (Z). It formed the basis for the volume in the *' Naturalists' Library." Smith (Christopher) [ -1806?] 183 original water-colour drawings of Plants from the Straits Settle- ments by 0. Smith, Superintendent, Botanic Gardens, Moluccas, were acquired in 1885 (B). Smith (Edwin Dalton) [fl, 1823-1832] 56 original water-colour drawings by E. D. Smith for the illustrations to R. Sweet's " Flora Australasica " are preserved in the ]\Iuseum (B). Smith (William) [1769-1839] Of the few but valuable maps, or their facsimiles, and memoirs by W. Smith, "The Father of English Geologv," the Museum i^ossesses 1. " Observations on . . . AVater Meadows . . . with an account of Prisley Bog," l^^OG. 2. Photograph of the original MS., in the possession of the Geological Society, of a Table of the " Order of Strata and their embedded Or! (B) o r'^}^ ''"-"'?''^ water-colour drawings for the " Englisli Botany," over 4500 m number, were purchased in 1859 (B). The original water-colour drawings for his " English Funfl," were presented m 18 /G, and have been incorporated in the collection of drawings of Fungi (B). Sowerby (James De Carle) [1787-1871] James De Carle Sowerby was well known both as a naturalist and artist. His original water-colour drawings for the illustrations to the " Sup- plement to English Botany " were purchased in 18G2 (B). 29 iDlates of original water-colour drawings of mosses, dated 1803 from which the plates to Dawson Turner's " IMuscologijc Hibernicie Spicilegiuin " were engraved, were purchased in 1866 (B). ° The set of 65 original water-colour drawings of Chelonia to illustrate J. Bell's "Monograph of the Testudinata," and subsequently utilised f.r Sowerby and Lear's " Tortoises," was presented in 1875 (Z). Spaendonck (Gerrit van) [1746-1822] 70 water-colour drawings of Flowers after Nature, by G. Spaendonck the celebrated botanical artist at the Jardin des Plantes, Paris were purchased in 1885 (B). ' Stephens (William) [/. 1718-1732] A " Catalogus Plantarum in Horto Dubliniensi," in part in the hand- writing of AV. Stephens, Botanist and Lecturer at Trinity College, Dublin forms the Bauksian MS. No. 92 (B). Sweet (Robert) [1783-1835] The 56 original water-colour drawings by E. D. Smith for Sweet's " Flora Australasica " are preserved in the Museum (B). Thunberg (Carl Pehr) [1743-1822] An autograph " Flora Capensis " made some time prior to 1782 by the celebrated Swedish naturalist Thunberg (that is of interest as showincr the state of the work at that time as contrasted with its extension when first published in 1820), with a transcript in Dryander's handwritino- were among the Bauksian MSS. (B). ° Tilli (Michael Angelus) [1655-1740] An autogi-aph "Specimen Plantarum qua? in Horto Medico Sapienti;e Pisanaj locisque finitimis extant" 1713-30 (3 vol.), by M. A. Tilli, Pro- fessor of Botany at Pisa, forms the Banksian MS. [No. Ill], (B). Topley (William) [1841-1894] A set of the six views and geological sections of various parts of England and Wales, made by W. Smith in 1817-19 (G), was presented in 1887 by W. Topley, the Geologist. Tournefort (Joseph Pitton de) [1656-1708] A copy of the manuscript of the celebrated French Botanist Tournefort, entitled "Catalogue des Plantes que M. P. de Tournefort trouva dans ses voyages d'Espagne et de Portugal," forms the Banksian MS., No. 82 (B). V 9 52 Libraries. Toynbee {Mrs. Henry) 189 original water-colour drawings of Marine Animals and Plants made by Mrs. Toynbee during voyages between England and India^ via the Cape, in 185G-58, with manuscript notes, were presented in 1895 by Capt. H. Toynbee (Z). Tweeddale; Arthur Hay, ^th Marquess of [1824-1878] The Marquess of Tweeddale, traveller and ornithologist, formed an extensive library, which, numbering 698 works in 2,560 volunies with about 200 pamphlets, was presented by his nephew, Capt. E. G. Wardlaw- Ramsay, in 1887 (Z). This collection is kept for use in the Bird Room. Upsala Royal University 187 dissertations dealing with natural history sul)jects, and usually very difficult to obtain, were presented by the Royal University of Upsala in 1896. The University has since from time to time given other similar publications. Watelet (Adolphe) [1811-1879] Watelet, the palcTobotanist, was author of a " Description des Plantes fossiles du bassin de Paris," 1866. The original pencil drawings for the plates to that work, with 21 additional unpublished ones, and their descriptions in manuscript, were purchased in 1880 (G). V/atling (Thomas) Watling was sent out to New South AVales by J. Lee to collect plants. 71 foil, of water-colour drawings of Natives, Animals, and Plants from the neighbourhood of Port Jackson form the Banksian MS., No. 34 (B;. Some oi these are the originals used in drawing the plates for J. White's " Journal of a Voyage to New South Wales " (1790). A further and very extensive series made between 1788 and 1792, and containing some figures of Birds that formed the types of J. Latham's descriptions in the supplement to his "General Synopsis of Birds," was purchased in 1902 (Z). Watson (Hewett Cottrell) [1804-1881] The manuscript recoixls used in the compilation of Watson's " Cybele Britannica " were presented in 1887 (B). Wheeler (Edwin), of aifton [1833- ] 2,449 water-colour drawings of British Fungi, made between 1880 and 1895 by Mr. Wheeler, were presented in 1895 (B). White (John) [1788-96] White went as surgeon-general to Botany Bay. The original draw- ings by T. Watlincr used lor some of the plates of White's "Journal of a Voyao-e to New South Wales " are included in the Banksian MS. No. 34 (B). " Wigg (Lilly) [1749-1828] An autograph " Catalogue of Esculent Plants," 1810, by L. Wigg, botanist, of Great Yarmouth, is preserved in the Museum (B). Wilson (William) [fi. 1799-1871] W. Wilson, the botanist, was au.thor of " Muscologia Britannica." His original drawings and notes, as well as his correspondence (filling Libr^ aries. 53 12 volumes) relating to Mosses, were purchased with liis Herbarium in 1874 (B). Windt (L. E.) A manuscript on " The Barberry Bush, an enemy to Winter Corn," 1806, translated from the German original of L. E. Windt, that was published 1806, is in the Museum (B). Wolf (Josef) [1820-1899] Original water-colour drawings of the Aye-aye, by Wolf, are included in the Owen Collection of Drawings (L). Woodward (Samuel Pickwortii) [1821-1865] A manuscript, " Catalogue of Fossil Organic Remains in tlie Cabinet of Mrs. M. H. Smith, of Tunbridge Wells," 1815, with water-colour drawings by S. P. Woodward (who compiled the Catalogue), W. 11. Bensted, and others, was presented in 1892 (G). Some original drawings by Woodward are included in the Davidson collection of drawings of Brachiopoda, which was presented in 1886 (G). Young (William) [fl, 1753-1784] 302 water-colour drawings of Plants from North and South Carolina made in 1767 by W. Young, with manuscript title, index, and dedication, form the Banksian MS. No. 24 (B). List of Current Serial Publications Presented to the British Museum (Natural History). A.— BRITISH ISLANDS. Aberdeen. University of Aberdeen. Calendar. 1894-.")— > Alnwick. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club. History. Vol. ix — > ..... Barrow-in-Fukness. Barrow Naturalists' Field Club. Annual Report. Vol. xv — > Bath. Natur Belfast. Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society. Report and Proceedin>rs. 1871-2 — > Belfast Naturalists' Field Club. Annual Report and Proceedings. New Seriet Vol. ill, No. 0— > Date when presenta- ti(»u began. Initial of Library in which the Serial is kept. 1894 L 1887 L 1902 li 1888 L 1887 L 1S9-J L Date Initial of when Liljraiy resenta- in which tioii the Serial began. is kept. 54 Libraries. Birmingham. Birmingliam Natural History and Philosophical Society. Proceedings, Vol, vi— > IS 89 L Brighton, Avicultural Society. Avicultural Magazine. Vol. i (lS94)-> . . 1805 Z Brighton and Hove Natural History and Philosopliical Society. Annual Report. 1892-> 1892 L Bristol, Bristol Naturalists' Society. Proceedings. Series III, vol. v, pt. 3— > . .1888 L Burtox-on-Trent. Burton-on-Trent Natural History Society. Transactions. Vol. i— > ..... 18l»4 L Cambridge. Cambridge Pldlosopliical Society. Transactions. Vol. xiv— > 1885 L Proceedings. Vol. v, pt. 2^ .... 1885 L University of Cambridge. Annual Report of the Museums and Lecture Rooms Syndicate. Xo. l-> 1896 L Cardiff. Cardiff Naturalists' Society. ReiDort and Transactions. Vol, xix, pt, 2— > . , 1888 L Cheltenham. Cheltenham College Natural History Society. Report of the Proceedings. 189.")— > , . , 189G L Chester. Chester Society of Natural Science. Annual Report. No. 17— > 1888 L Proceedings. No. 4— > 1894 L Croydon. Croydon Microscopicd and Natural History Club. Proceedings. 1884-6— > 1886 I* Dorchester. Dorset Naturalists' Field Club. Proceedings. Vol. xx — > ..... 1900 L Douglas, Isle of Man. Isle of Man Natural History and Antiquarian Society. Yn Lioar Manninagh. Vol. 1— > . . . 1889 L DUBLIX. Boyal Dublin Society. Scientific Transactions. Vol. iii, no. 14— > . 1888 L Scientific Proceedings. Vol. v, no. 7— > 1888 L Economic Proceedings. Vol. i— >. 1900 L Boyal Irish Academy. Transactions. Vol. xxix, pt. 2— >. 1888 Ii Proceedings. Ser. II, vol. iv, pt. 6 — > . 1888 L University of Dublin. Xotes from the Botanical School of Trinity College. No. ]-> ' . 1896 B Calendar. 1882-> 1888 L University of Ireland. Calendar. 1889— > 1889 L Librar nes. o;j Dumfries. Dumfriesshire and Galloioay Natural Hisfo] Antiquarian Society. Transactions. l^S86-7— > Ealing. Ealing Natural Science and Microscopical Society Annual Report. No. o— > Eastbournp:. Eastbourne Natural History Society. Transactions. New Series. Vol. ii, pt 2— > Edinburgh. Edinburgh Field Naturalists' and Microscoiiical i Transactions. Vol. i — > Edinburgh Geological Society. Transactions. Vol. vi— > Fishery Board for Scotland. Annual Report. No. 3— > . Iloyal Physical Society. Proceeding.^. Vol. ix, pt. 3— > Royal Scottish Geographical Society. Scottish Geographical Magazine. Vol. iv, no, Boyal Society of Edinburgh. Transactions. Vol. xxxiii. pt. 2— > Proceedings. Vol. xiv, no. 125— > '. University of Edinburgh. Calendar. 1888-!;)-^ .... EpS03[. Epsom College Natural History Societii Report. No. ].-> . . Falmouth. lioyal Cormmll Polytechnic Society. Annual Reports. No. .-).")— > Felsted. Felsted School Natural Historu Society. Report. No. l-> . . . Folkestone. Folkestone Natural History Society. Proceedings. No. 1— > Glasgow. Geologicid Society. TiaUfactions. Vol. viii — > Natural History Society. Transactions. New Series, vol. ii— > . Philosophical Society. Proceedings. Vol. xviii — > University of Glasgow. Calendar. 18U4-5— > .... Gloucester. Cotteswold Natundist^" Field Club. Proceedings. Vol. ix, pt. 2— > Halifax, Yorks. Halifax Naturalist. Vol. i— > Date Initial of when Library resenta- in whicli tion the Serial began. is kept. 'y and 'ociety 1888 1888 1889 1889 L 1893 a 1886 z 1889 Ii 1888 L 1888 L 1888 Ii 1888 1894 1888 1888 1886 1890 G 1888 L 1888 Ii 1894 L 1888 L 1896 L 56 Libraries. Date when presenta- tion began. Initial of Library in which the Serial is kept. Herefoiii). Woolhope Naturalists' Field Chib. Traufeactions. 1881-2 — > Hull. Bull Scientific and Field Naturalists' Club. Transactions. Vol. i — > Ipswich. Suffolk Institute of Arclixolocjy and Natural History. Proceedings. Vol. x, pt. 3— > Kew. Kew Guild. Journal. 189:3— > .... Roi/al Gardens. i3ulletin. Vol. i-> .... Leeds. Geological Association. Transactions. Vol. i — > Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society. Eeports. No. Ixi — > .... Yorkshire Geologiadand Polytechnic Society. Proceedings. Vol. vii — > LiVEliPOOL, Liverpool Biological Society. Proceedings. Vol. i — > Liverpool Geological Association. Transactions. Vol. vii — > . Lii-erp)ool Geologicid Society. Proceedings. Vol. iii — > Liverpool Museums. Bulletin. Vol. i— > .... University of Licerpool. Calendar. 19UJ-2— > .... London. Admiralty. — Hydrographical Department. Admiralty Charts .... Board of Agriculture. Journal. Vol. i — > (2 copies) Chemical Neios. Vol. Iviii — > . Chemical Society. Journal. A'ol. Iv— > .... Proceedings. Vol. v— > City of London College Science Society. Journal. No. 4 — > .... City of London Entomological and Natural History Society. Transactions. 1891 — > Climate. Vol. i — >. .... Entomological Society. Transactions. 1899— > Geological Society. Quarterly Journal. Vol. xlv — > . Geological Survey. [Memoirs] ...... [The Maps are now supplied by the Ordnance Survey] 1888 1899 L 1901 L 1893 B 1887 B 1886 G 1891 L 1890 Q 1889 Ii 1889 a 1889 G 1897 L 1902 L 1887 1894 1888 1889 1890 1889 B, Z M M M 1892 1900 L L 1899 Z 1889 G G Libraries. 57 Vol. London — continued. Geologists' Association. Proceedings. Vol. viii — > Joaruiil of Tropical Medicine Linneaii Society. Proceedings. Session 188' Journal (liotany). Vol. xxiii— > . ^ ., (Zoology). Vol. XX— > . Transactions (Botany). Series II., vol. iii— > „ (Zoology). Series II., vol. iv— > London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine Vol. XXV— > . . . ... Mineralogical Society. Mineralogical Magazine. Vol. viii— > . Odontological Society. TratLsactious. Vol. xxxv— > Palxontographical Society. 3Ionograpiis. Vol. xxxvii— > Pharmaceutical Soci'-ty. Journal. Vol. ?— > Royal Botanic Society. Quarterly Record. 18S0— > .... Pioyal Colonial Institute. Journal. Vol. xxiv— > Boyal Geographical Society. Proceedings. Vol. x, pt. H— xiv [cont. as]\ The Greogniphical Journal. Vol. i— > / * Supplementary Papers. Vol. ii, no. 2— > Year Book. 18<»8— > ..... Royal Horticultural Society. Journal. Vol. i— > Boyal Institution. Proceedings. Vol. xii— > .... Royal Microscopical Society. Jouraal. Vol. i— > Rotjal Society of London. Philosophical Transactions. Vol. 178— > Proceedings. Vol. xliii— > Year Book. 1896-7— > . . . . Selborne Society. Nature Notes. Vol. i— > .... Society of Arts. Journal. Vol. xl— > South-Eastern Union of Scientific Societies. South-Eastern Naturalist. 1900— > Sotith London Entomological and Natural Histor Society. Proceedings. 1M79— > Surveyors' Institution. Transactions. Vol. xxvi — > .... University of London. Calendar ....... Victoria Institute. Journal of the Transactions. Vol. xx— > Date when presenta- tion began. Initial of Library in wliicli the Serial is kept. 1885 i:);)i L 1890 1888 1888 1888 1888 L B Z B Z 1888 M 1888 M 1902 L 1883 G 9 B 1892 B 1893 L 1888 L 1888 1898 L 1889 B 1888 L 1882 L 1888 1888 1897 L Ii Ii 1890 Ii 1891 Ii 1902 Ii 1888 Ii 189:5 L L 1888 Ij 58 Lihrari les. London — continued. Zoological Society. Proceedings. 1830— > . . . . . Transactions. Vol. i— > ..... Maxchestkr. ConcJiological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Journal of Concliology. Vol. vi— > (2 copies) Literary and Philosophical Society. Memoirs. Series IV, vol. vii, no. 2 — > Manchester Field Naturalists' and Archaeologists' Society. Keport. 1860— > Manchester Geological Society. Transactions. Vol. xxi— > . . . • Manchester Microscopical Society. Transactions. 1884 — > . . . . . Manchester Museum. Notes. Xo. 1^ Eeport. 1889-90— > MARLBOKorCxH. Marlborough College Natural History Society. Eeport. No. 35— > ...... Newcastle-under-Lyne. No7-th Staffordshire Naturalists' Field Club. Annual Eeport. 1887 — > ..... Newcastle-vfi )N-Tyxe. Naturcd History Society of Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Natural History Transactions. Vol. viii, pt. 3 — > . NORTHAMPTOX. Northamptonshire Natural History Society and Field Club. Journal. Vol. i — > ..... Norwich. Norfolk and Noriuich Naturalists' Society. Transactions. Vol. iv, pt. 3 — > Norwich Castle Museum. Eeport. 1894^ Oxford. Oxford University Junior Scientific Club. Journal (afterwards Transactions). Vol. -l— > University of Oxford. Annual Eeport of tlie Delegates of the University Museum. No. 1 — > ..... Calendar. 1892— > Penzance. Natural History and Antiquarian Society. Eeport. 1892-3— > Perth. Perthshire Society of Natural Science. Transactions and Proceedings. Vol. i, pt. 2 — > Plymouth. Devonslt ire Association. Transactions. Vol. xxi— > .... Date when presenta- tion began. Initial of Library in whicli the Serial is kept. 1875 1861 z z 1892 G,Z 1895 li 1896 li 1891 a 1889 L 1897 1895 L 1890 L 1887 L 1889 1883 1892 1901 1894 1894 li 1892 L 1894 li 1892 li 1889 li Libraries. :)0 Plymouth — continued. Marine Biological Association. Journal. Vol. i— > ..... Municipal Museum and Art Gallery. Keport. No. 1 — > ..... Reading. Beading Literary and Scientific Society. Report. 1887— > Rochester. Rochester Naturalists^ Society. Rochester Naturalist. Vol. i, no. 20— > Rugby. Bughy School Natural History Society. Report. 1887-^ St. Peter's Port, Guernsey. Guernsey Society of Natural Science. Report. 1882— > Shrewsbury. Caradoc and Severn Valley Field Club. Transactions. Vol. i— > .... Caradoc Record of Bare Facts. 1891— > Shropshire Arclixological and Natural History Society. Transactions. Vol. xi, pt. 2— > . . . . Southampton. Ordnance Survey. Map of the British Islands on the scale of 1 in. = 1 m Cxeologically coloured . . . . . SOUTHPORT. Svutlipjort Society of Natural Science. Report. No. 1— > ...... Stanhope. Weardale Naturalists^ Field Cluh. Transactions. Vol. i — > . . . . . Stirling. Stirling Natural History and Archseological Society. Transactions. No. 1— > . . . . . Stratford. Essex Field Cluh. Essex Naturalist. Vol. i— > . . . . Taunton. Somersetshire Archseological and Natural History Society Proceedings. Vol. xxx — > . . . . . Watfokd. Hertfordshire Natural History Society. Transactions. Vol. i— > Wellington. Wellington College Natural History Society. Annual Report. Vol. xvii— > . . . . Wincantox. Wincanton Field Club. Annual Report. No. i— > York. Yorlcshire Philosophical Society. Annual Report. 1823— > .... Date when presenta- tion bet,^an. Initial of Li))iary in which the Serial is kept. 1888 L . 1900 li . 1897 L . 1888 L . 1888 Ii . 1889 li 1S99 . 1899 L I, 1888 1887 1902 Ii G 1892 Ii 1901 L 1884 L 1887 L 1888 L 1881 Ii 1888 Ii 1901 Ii 18S6 Ii 60 Libraries. B.— BRITISH EMPIRE OVER THE SEAS. 1. ArsTEALiAN Commonwealth. A ustralasiau Association. Report. Vol. i— > ..... Adelaide. Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery. Report. 1884-5 — > ..... Eoyal Society of South Australia. Transactions. Vol. i — > .... Memoirs. Vol. i— > Brisbane. Department of Agriculture. Queensland Agricultural Journal. Vol. i — > . Annual Report. 1892 — > .... Queensland : Geological Survey. Bulletin. Nu. 1— > Annual Progress Report. 11)00— > Reports. 1891— > Queensland Museum. Annual Report. 1876— > .... Annals. Xo. 1 — > ..... Royal Society of Queensland. Proceedings. Vol. i — > .... HOBART. Itoyal Society of Tasmania. Papers, Proceedings and Report. Vol. i — > . jMei.bourne. iJepartment of Agricidture, Victoria. Journal. Vol. i — > ..... Bulletin. Vol. i— > Geological Survey of Victoria. Bulletin. Xo. 1— > Memoirs. X'o. 1 — > ..... Tublic Library, Museums and National Gallery o Victoria. Report. 1870-1— > Royal Society of Victoria. Transactions. Vol. i — > .... Proceedings. Vol. ii— > .... Peeth. Department of Agriculture, Western Australia. Journal. 1899— > Western Australia, Geological Survey. Bulletin. X'o, Sydney. Australian Mu>'eum. Records. Vol. i— Memoirs. Vol. ii- Report. 1885— > Geological Survey of New Soidh Wale Memoirs. Xo. 1— > Records. Vol. i — > Mineral Resources. Xo. 1 — > Date when presenta- tion began. 1891 1892 Initial of Liljrary in which the Serial is kept. 1884 1900 L 1897 18;J4 Z Z 1895 1901 1891 G G G 1897 1896 Ii L 188: 1885 1902 1902 1903 1908 1892 18.^9 1881 Ii Ii 19(10 Z 1898 G 1890 1889 1886 G, Ii Ii G, Ii 1888 1889 1898 G G G, M Libraries, 61 •Sydney — continued. Linnean Society of New South Wale>i. Proceedings. Ser. II, vol. i— > Abstract of Proceeding.s. 18S(J— > New South Wale>i : Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales. Kepurt. 1891— > Neio South Wales : Department of Mines Annual Eeports. 1888— > . Neio South Wales Natural ids^ Club. Memoirs. No. 1— > Eoyal Society of New South Wales. Journal. Vol. xxiii— > University of Sydney. Calendar. 19(»:)-^ l.i- Datu when presenta- tion began. I88G 188G 1890 1892 1890 1903 1890 1903 2. British Guiana. Demerara. Eoyal Agricultural and Commercial Society of British Guiana. "Timehri." New Series, vol. i-xii, continued as Journal. 1900— > 1887 Initial of Lihraiy in which the Serial is kept. L L Z L G, M 3. Canada. Halifax, Nova Scotia. Noca Scotian Institute of Natural Science. Proceedings. Vol. v, pt. 3 — > ^FONTREAL. Geological Survey of Canada. Annual Keport. Vol. iii— > Contributions to Canadian Paleontology. Ottawa. Royal Society of Canada. Proceedings. Vol. i— > St. John. Natural History Society of New Drunswiclc. Bulletin. No. i-> . . . . Toronto. Canadian histitute. Transactions. Vol. iii— > Annual Eeport. No. 1 — > ... TJnicersity of Toronto. Studies. No. 1— > . . . . 1881 Vol. 1890 1889 Gr 1884 II 1889 li 1885 1888 L L 1903 4. Ceylon. Colombo. Colombo Museum. Spolia Zeylanica. Vol. i-^ PliuADENIYA. Itoyal Botanic Gardens. Annals. Vol. i — > Circular and Agricultural Journal. 1903 li, Z No. 18- 1901 1901 62 Lihr^ aries. 5. India. Allahabad. Dejiartment of Land Becords and Agriculture: North West Provinces and Oudh. bulletin. No. 1— > . Bombay. Jiomhay Natural History Society. Journal. Vol. i, no. 3 — > Marine Survey. Administration Eeport. 1896-7 — > Calcutta. Asiatic Society of Bengal. Journal. Pt.'ll, vol. xxxv— > Proceedings. 18S6 — > Botanical Survey of Imlia. Records. Vol. i — > ...... Department of Revenue and Agriculture. The Agricultural Ledger. Vol. i. 1894— > . Geological Survey of India. Memoirs. Vol. xxiv— > Ptecords. Vol. xxiv— > ..... Palffiontologica Indica. Series XIII, vol. iv— > General Reports. 1897— > Indian Mu>'eum. Annual Report. 1884-5— > Illustrations of the Zoology of the R.I.M.S.S. Inves- tigator. Pt. i. 1892— > Boyal Botanic Gardens. Annals. Vol. i— > ...... Scientific Memoirs by Officers of the IMedical and Sanitary Departments of the Government of India. New Series. No. 1 — > ..... Survey of India. Notes. 1900-> Sheets of the Indian Atlas. Sh. i— > . LrcKNOw. Liiclcnoiv Provincial Museum. Annual Report. 1901— > Madras. Government Museum. Report. 1884-5— > Bulletin. Vol. i— > . . . ' . Trivandrum. Trivandrum Museum. Report. 1899-1900-> Date when presenta- tion began. 1901 Initial of Lil>iary in wliich the Serial is kept. 1887 L 1897 L 1884 1885 L Ii 1894 B 1898 Z 1891 1891 1891 1898 Gr Gr G G 1885 Z 1893 Z 1888 B 1902 1900 1888 1901 1886 1894 1901 B,Z L L G. New Zealand. Wellington, N.Z. New Zealand Institute. Transactions. Vol. xx— > . 1890 Libraries. 63 Date Initial of when Liliiaiy presenta- in which tion the Serial Ijegan. is kept. 7. South Africa. bulawayo, lihodesia Scientific Association. Proceedings. Vol. iv— > ..... 1908 L Cape Town. Cape Colony: Department of Agriculture. Annual Keport of the Geological Commission. 1896-> 1902 G Report of the Marine Biologist. 189(J-> . . 1900 Z South African Museum. Annals. Vol. i-> 1898 L Report. 1883-> 1884 L South African Philosophical Society. Transactions. Vol. vii— > 1893 L Grahamstown. Albany Museum. Report. 1882-> 1897 L Records of the Museum. Vol. i— > . . . 1903 L Johannesburg. Geological Society of So^dh Africa. Transactions. Vol. iii— > 1898 G PlETERMARITZBTJRG. Geological Survey of Natal and Zxduland. Report. No. l-> . . . ... . 1902 G 8. Straits Settlement.^. Singapore. Botanic Gardens Department. Agricultural Bulletin of the Straits and Federated J^Ialay States. Vol. i-> . . . . .1901 Raffles Library and Museum. Annual Report. 1879-> . . . . . 1898 Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. Journal. No. 1— > 1889 9. West Indies. Bridgetown, Barbados. Imperial Department of Agriculture for the West Indies. West Indian Bulletin. Vol. i— > .... 189i> Z Agricultural News. Vol. i-> .... 1902 Z Kingston, Jamaica. Botanical Department. Bulletin. 1887-> 1^87 B Institute of Jamaica. Journal. Vol. i-> 1<^91 L Annual Report. 1879-S0-> .... 18^3 L 64 Libraries. C— XON-BKITISH. I. Argentine Kepublio. Date Initial of when Library pvesenta- in which tion the Serial began. is kept. Bl'enos Aires. Museo Nacional. An ales. Tom. iii, eiitr. 2— >. . 1889 L, G Comuuicaciones. Tom. i^. . . 18U8 L Cordova. Academia nacional de Ciencias. Boletin. Tom. iv— > . . 1886 L Actas. Tom. iii. pt. 2— > . 1887 li La Plata. Museo. Kevista. Vol. i— > . 1891 L Anales. Seccion Antropoldgica. No. i— > . 1896 G, Z r*onlo"ioa v Mitpt^I'^o'''^*' ^^ 1892 G Paleontoloo'ia A rgentina. No. 1891 G Zooloirioa. No. i-> . 1893 Z 2. Austria-Hungary. Budapest. Magyar Ornithologiat Kozpont. Aquila. Vol. i—> Ckacow. Alicidemija Umietetnosci. Eozprawy. Ser. II, tom. i— > .... Sprawozdanie. Tom. xxvii— > .... Bulletin International. 1889— > .... Catalogue of Polisli Scientific Literature. Vol. i— > Lixz. Museum Francisco-CaroUnmn. Bericht. No. 3-> . . . . . Prague. (Leslie Aluidemie Cisare FrantUha Josef a. Rozpravy . . . Tfida II. Eoc. i— > Vestnik. Roe. viii— > ...... Trentschix. Trencse'n Vdrme^yei Termeszettudomdmji Egylet. Evkonyve. Evf. iv— > Vienna. Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften. (Math.-nat. Clause.) Anzeiger. Jahrg. xxv— > Sitzungsbericht. Bd. xcvi— > .... Denkschriften. Bd. liv— > Berichte der Commission fiir Erforscliung des Ostlichen Mittelmeeres. Pteihe ii— >. Mittheilungen der Erdbeben - Commission. Neue Folge. No. 1— > 1894 189i L 1893 Ii 1892 I. 1901 Ii 1895 1897 1900 1892 1889 1888 1889 1894 1902 Libraries. (35 1889 L 1889 L 1889 L 1888 li 1889 L 1899 B 1898 Z 1899 Z Date Initial of when Libiaiy presenta- in which tion the Serial Ka iserlich-lwn iglicli e Geolog ische Reichm mta It. Abhandhmgen. Bd. xvii— > . . ' . igno q. Jahrbuch. Bd. xli— > . . . \ * 1891 G Verhandlungen. 1891— > • . . ! . 1891 Q- KaiserUch-hdnigliches Naturhistorisches Ho/museum. Annalen. Bd. i— > •••... 1886 T. 3. Belgium. Brussels. Academie Boy ale des Sciences, &c. IMcmoires. Tom. xlvii— > . . Memoires coiironnes. 4^. Tom. xlix— > 8^. Tom. xli-> . . . ' Bulletin. Ser. Ill, torn, xiv, livr. 12— > Annnaire. 1S8G— > •.....' Musee du Congo. Annales, &c. Botanique. Ser. I— > Zoologie. Ser. I— > . . . . ! — — Ethnographie et Antbropologie. Ser. I— > Societe Beige de Geologie de Baleontologie et d'Hi/dro- Jogie. Bulletin et Me'moires. Tom. xvi — > , . . 1902 G Societe Entomologi que de Belgique. Annales. Vol. xxxii (1888)— > .... 1890 Z Me'moires. Tom. i— > .....* 1893 Z Vniversite lihre de Bruxelles. Recueil de I'lnstitut Botanique. Tom. v— > . . 1902 B 4. Brazil. Belem. 3Iuseu Goeldi. Boletim. Vol. i-> 1896 L Memorias. Vol. i— > . . ' . . . .1901 L Sao Joao d'El-Eei. Commismo Geographica e Geologica do Estado de Minas Geraes. Boletim. No. l-> 1898 L Sao Paulo. Commissao Geograpldca e Geologica de Sao Paulo. Boletim. No. 1— > I891 L Museo Paulista. Eevista. Vol. i-> 1896 L 5. Chile. Santiago. Socie'te' scientifique du Chili. Actes. Tom. ii— > 1S9S L Valparaiso. Museo. Revista Cbilena. An. iii— > .... 1899 L Boletin. Ann. iii— > iS'j'J L VOL. I. 66 Libraries. Date Initial ot wlien Library presenta- in which tion the Serial began. is kept. 6. Costa Kica. San Jose. Instituto Fisico-Geografico. Boletin Vol. ii. (ll)0'2)-> 1903 L Mu^eo Nacional de Costa Rica. Inlbrme. 1894-> 1895 L 7. Denmark. Copenhagen. Uanmarks Geologishe Underspgelse. I.Kaekke. Beskrivelse til geologisk Kort. No. 1— > 1897 G II. Eaekke [Memoirs]. No. l->. . . . 1897 G Dani (1893-» .... 1903 L Kongeligt Danslc Vidensicahernes Selslmh. Det...skrifter. Bd. iv, afd. 7-> . . . 1888 L Oversigt over det. ..Forhandlinger. 1889— > . 1889 L 8. Dutch East Indies. buitexzorg. Institut Botanique. Bulletin [Botany]. No. l-> .... 1899 B (No. xiii, &c.) Zoologie. No. l-> . . 1902 Z 9. Egypt. Cairo. Institut £gyptien. Bulletin. Ser. II, torn, ix, no. 3-> . . .1900 L Me'moires. Tom. i— > 1898 L 10. France. BESAN90N. Societed' Emulation du Doubs. Me'moires. Series VII, torn iii—>. . . . 1900 L Caen. Facultedes Sciences de Caen. Bulletin du Laboratoire de Ge'ologie. Anne'e I— >. 1895 G Grenoble. University' de Grenoble. Travaux du Laboratoire de Ge'ologie. Tome v— > . 1900 G La Eochelle. Societe des Sciences NatureUes de la Charente-In- Annales. ' No. 16-> 1889 L Marseilles. Faculte'des Sciences. Aimales. Tom. iii— > 1895 L Institut Colonial. Annales. Vol. i— > 1895 L Museum d'Histoire Naturelle. Annales. Tom. iii— > 1891 L Libraries. 67 torn. X, no. 2— > Paris. Museum (VHistoire JSaturelle. Nouvelles Archives. Ser. Ill, Bulletin. ]89o— > Service de la Carte Ge'ologique cMaiu'e'e de la F [Maps.] Sh. l-> .... Bulletin. Xo. 35— > . Socie'te' Entomologique de France. Aiinales. Tom. Ixviii (1898)— > Bulletin. 1900— > Socie'te' Ge'ologique de France. Bulletin. Se'r. Ill, torn, xix— > Socie'te' Ph ilomatldq ue. Bulletin. Ser. VII, torn, viii Socie'te' Zoologique de France. Causeries Scientifiques. Xo. 1— >. J901- Union Coloniale Frangaise. Quinzaine Coloniale. No. 99— > Eennes. Socie'te' Scientifique et Me'dicale de V Quest. Bulletin. Tom i— > [1892— >] . TJniverdte' de Eennes. Travuux Scientifiques. Tom i— >. EOUEN. Museum d'Histoire Naturelle. Actes. Tom. i— ^ 11. Germany. Berlin. Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft. Zeitschrift. Bd. xliv— > Edniglich-Preussische Akademie der Wissmschaften Abhandlungen. 1887— > ... Sitzungsberichte. 1894— > ■.".*'* Konigliche Friedrich-Willielms-TJniv'ersitdt. Xotizblatt (ies K. Botanischen Gartens und JAluseums. Bd. 1— > .... Dresden. • • • . . Bericbt iiber die Verwaltung der koniglichen Samm- lungen fiir Kunst und AVissenschaft. 1872— > Feankfoht-on-the-Maine. Neue Zoologische Gesellschaft. Der Zoologische Garten. Vol. xxxviii— > Senckenburgische Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Abhandluugen. Bd. xiv— > Bericht. 1880-1— > . . . ' ' ' Gera. • • . . Gesellschaft von Freunden der Naturwissenschaften. Jahresberieht. No. 4— > Heidelbekg. Geologische Landesanstalt des Grossherzoqthums Baden. Mitteilungen. Bd. 1— > . . ' . Geologische Spccialkarte & Erlaute'rungen. Blatt 1— > Date when presenta- tion began. Initial of Lil.iary in whic-h the Serial is kept. 18110 1.^9:) L L 1884 1894 G a 1 900 1900 z z 1891 G 1884 L 1901 Z 1901 L 1903 L 1903 Ii 1884 18!)2 1897 1SS7 1882? 18S7 1891 1>94 G 1S89 1895 L Ii 1895 B 1886 Ii F :i 68 Libraries. Date Initial of when Library presenta- in whicb tion the Serial began. is kept. HiLDESHETM. JFuseumsverehi. Bericht. 1892-> .... . 1899 li Boemer Muf^eum. Mittheilungen. Xo. 1— > . 1897 li Leipzig. Zeitschrift fur Physikalische Chemie. Band ii— > . 18S8 M Magdeburg. NaturwissenschaftUcher Verein. Jahresbericlit. 1885— > . 1886 L Stuttgart. Konigliches Minera lien-Kahinet. Mitteilungen. No. 1— > . 1896 M Oberrheinucher Geologischer Verein. Bericht xxix— > ..... . 1899 a 12. Holland. Haarlem. Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetemclia])pe7i. Archives Xeerlandaises des Sciences. Tom. xxii, livr 4-> 1888 Nederlandsche Maatschappij ter Bevordering van Nijverlieid. Bulletin van het Koloniaal Museum. 1893— > 1895 Extra Bulletin van het Kolonial Museum. Afl. 1— > 1894 Hague, The. NederlaiuhcJie Entomologuclie Yereeniging. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. 1857— > . . . 1881 Entomologische Berichteii. No. 1— > . . . 1901 NniEGUEN. Nederlandsche BotanUclie Vereeniging. Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief. 1900. Deel ii— > 1 900 13. Italy. Act RE ALE. Accademia di Scienze, &g. Atti. Vol. i-> Bologna. Beale Accademia delle Scienze delV Istituto. Memorie. Ser. IV, tom. ix— > Kendiconto. 1887-8— > .... Genoa. Museo Civico di Storia Naturale. Annali Vol. i.-> 1870— > Begia Universita degli Studi. — Musei de Zoologia e Anatomia Comparata. Bollettino. Vol. i-> 1897 1895 1889 18^9 1890 Libraries. 69 1893 1893 L Ii 1888 1889 L L 1891 1891 L L 1892 1891 Gr G 1891 1891 L Date Initial of when Library presenta- in which tion the Seiial began. is kerjt. Milan. Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Publishes in conjunction with the Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali. Atti. Tom. i— > Memorie. Tom. i— > Naples. Reah Accademia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche. Atti. Nova Serie, tom. i— > Reudiconto. Ser. II, tom. iii— > Pisa. Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali. Atti (Memorie). Vol. ix— > .... Atti (Processi Verbali). Vol. vii— > Rome. Beal Comitato Geologico d'ltalia. Bollettino. Vol. xxii — > .... Memorie. Vol. vi— > ..... Turin. Beale Accademia delle Scienze. Memorie. Tom. xli— > .... Atti. Vol. xxvi— > . . . . Atti. Classe di Scienze fisich e matematiche. A^ol. xvii. (1881)— > 1904 14. Japan. TOKIO. Geological Society. Geological Magazine. Vol. i— > .... Imperial University of Japan. Journal of the College of Science. Vol. vi, no. 4— > Zoological Society. Annotationes Zoologicse Japonenses. Vol. i. — > 15. Mexico. Mexico. Idituto Geologico de Mexico. Boletm. No. 3— > 1896 G Sociedad Cientifica " Antonio Alzate." 3Iemorias y Revista. Tom. ix— > . . . 1896 L 16. Norway. Bergen. Bergens Bluseum. Aarsberetniug. 1883— > 1887 L Christiania. Norges Geologislce Undersogehe. [Memoirs.] No.-> 1 1891 G Drontheim. Kongeligt NoisJce VidensJcahers-Selskah. Uet . . . Skrifter. lS98-> 1899 L Stavanger. Stavanger Museum. Aarsberetnine:. 1890— > 1891 L 1902 G 1891 Ii 1897 Z Libraries, Date when pre?enta- tion began. Initial of Library in which the Serial is kept. . . 1895 . 1895 L Ii 70 Teomso. Troms0 Museum. Aarshefter. No. 10— > Aarsberetning. 1873— > 17. Portugal. COIMBRA. Universidade. Annuario. 1896-7-> . . _ • . . .1897 Ii Archive Bibliograijhico. Vol. i— > . . . 1901 L LiSBOJf. Academia Real das Sciencias. Jornal. Ser. II, torn, vi^ 1900 L Commissao dos Servigos Geologicos de Portugal. [Memoirs] 1889 a Communica9oes. Tom. ii— > .... 1893 G- Oporto. Annaes de Sciencias Naturaes. Ann. iii . . . 1896 L 18. ROUMANIA. BUKAREST. Societatea de Sciin^e. Buletinul. Annl i-^ 1897 L Jassy. Societe'des Me'deeins et des Naturalistes. Bulletin. Vol. vi, No. 4-> .... 1892 L 19. EussiA. Ekaterinburg. UraVslcoe Obshchestvo Lyubltelet Estestvoznaniya. Zapiski. Tom. xiii, Part 2— > .... 1895 L. Helsingfors. Finlands Geologislca Under sokning. Kartbladet. No. 1— > Beskrifning till Kartbladet. No. 1— > . Bulletin. No. 6— > Moscow. i Soci^e'imperiale des Naturalistes du Moscou. Nouveaux Me'moires. Tom. xv— > Bulletin. 1887— > St. Petersburg. Academic imperiale des Sciences. Me'moires. Se'r. VII, tom. xxxv, No. 10— > . Bulletin. Nov. Se'r., tom. xxxii, No. 1— > Annuaire du Muse'e Zoologique. 1896— > (2 copies) . Cabinet de Sa Majeste. Travaux de la Section Ge'ologique. Vol. i— > Comite Ge'ologiqne. Memoires. Tom. ii — > . . . ... Bulletin. Tom. i-> Kaiserliclie Mineralogische Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen. Bd. xxviii — > .... Materialien zur Geologic Russlands. Bd. i— > 1899 1899 1899 a a 1888 1888 L L 1891 1891 1896 Ii L L, Z 1896 G 1885 1885 G a 1892 1892 G Libraries. St. Petersburg — continued. liusslwe Entomologhicheskoe Obshchestvo. Horse, &c. Tom. xxxv— > ..... S.-Peterhurghskit Biologhlcheshil Laboratoriya (La- boratoire Biologique). Bulletin. Tom. i— > TiFLIS. KauJcasiscJies Museum. Bericht. 1892— > Izvyestiya. Tom. i— > . . . . ! iSammlungen. Bd. i— > ..,..* Warsaw. ImperatorsJdi Varshavshii Unlversltet. Kollektzii Zoologhicheskagho Kabineta...Umver- siteta. No. 1— > ...... Eabotni iz Laboratorii Zoologhicheskagho Kabineta Obshchestvo Estestvoispuitatelei (Socie'te cles Na- turalistes). Trudui (Travaux). Tom. i— > .... Bate Initial of when Liljiaiy presenta- in which tion the Serial began. is kept. 1902 189G 1893 1900 19U0 1896 1896 1892 San Salvador. Museo Nacional. Amiales. Tom. i- 20. Salvador. 1903 21. Servia. Belgrade. Institut Ge'ologique. Annales Ge'ologique de la Peninsule Balkanique. Tom. i-> Srpsha KraVevsha Akademlia. Ghlas. No. 1- Ghodishn'ak. No. 13-> 1890 1899 1901 22. Spain. Barcelona, Eeal Academia de Ciencias. Memorias. Ser. Ill, Vol. i— > Boletiu. Ser. Ill, Vol. i-> . 1894 1894 23. Sweden. Stockholm. Kongliga Svensha Vetenskaps-Akademien. Handlingar. Ny Foljd, Bd. xxi, no. 9— > Bihaug till ... Handlingar. Bd. xiii-xxviii [Continued as :] . Arkiv for Botanik. Bd. i.— > . Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi. Bd. i Zoologi. Bd. i. — > . . . Arsbok for ar. 1903— > . Ofversigt af . . .Forhandlingar. 1 888— > 1888 1888 1888 72 ■ Libraries. Date Initial of when Library presenta- in which tion the Serial began. is kept. Upsala. Kongliga Universitetet i Upsala. Irsskrift. 1885-> 1896 L Bulletin of the Geological Institution. Vol. i— > . 1893 G- Meddelanden fran...iMineralogisk-Geologiska Insti- tution. No. l-> 1896 M Kongliga VetensTcaps-Societeten. Nova Acta. Tom. xiv, Part 2-> . . .1891 L 24. Switzerland. Geneva. Sociele cle Geograpliie. Le Globe. Ser. V, torn. xi-> .... 1900 L SlON. Society Muritliienne du Valais. Bulletin. Fasc. xiii-> 1892 L 25. United States. American Microscopical Society. Transactions. Vol. xxiii — > ..... 1902 L Albany. Geological Survey of the State of New York. Annual Keport. No. 8— > 1896 Gr New York State Museum of Natural Ridory. Bulletin. Vol. i-> 1889 L Annual Eeport. No. 42— > 1891 L ArsTiN. Geological Survey of Texas. Annual Keports. No. l-> .... 1890 G Baltimore. Maryland Geological Survey. [Reports]. Vol. i-> . . . ... . 1898 G Berkeley. University of California. Annual Report. 1900— > 1902 L Bulletin of the Department of Geology. Vol. i— > . 1894 G Publications: Botany. Vol. i.— > . . . 1903 L Pathology. Vol. i.-> 1904 L Physiology. Vol. i.— > .... 1903 L Zoology. Vol. i.-> 1903 L Boston. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Proceedings. Vol. xxiii — > ..... 1888 L Boston Society of Natural History. Memoirs. Vol. iv, no. 1— > 1891 L Proceedings. Vol. xxiv — > ..... 1890 L Occasional Papers. Vol. iv— > .... 1894 L Brooklyn. Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. Museum Science Bulletin. Vol. i.— > . . . 1901 L Children's Museum Bulletin. No. i.-> . . 1902 L Children's Museum Notes. No. i. — > . . . 1904 L Coldspring Harbor Monographs. No. i — > . . 1903 L Libraries. 73 Buffalo. Buffalo Society of Natural Science. Bulletin. Vol. v, pt. 3— > , Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University. Bussey Institution. Bulletin. Vol. i, pt. 2— > Gray Herbarium. Contributions. No. 16^ Museum of Comparative Zoology. Bulletin Vol. i (1863)— > Memoirs. Vol. xiv— > . Chapel Hill. ElisTia Mitchell Scientific Society. Journal. 1883— > Chicago. Academy of Natural Sciences. Bulletin. Vol. ii, no. 3— > . Bulletin of the Natural History Survey. No Special Publication. No. 1— > Field Columhian Museum. Publications. No. 1— > Univer.nty of Chicago. University Record. Vol. i— > Botanical Gazette. Vol. xxx— > . Cincinnati. Cincinnati Society of Natural History. Journal. Vol. iv— > [Vol. xx— > two copies] Lloyd Library of Botany. Bulletin. No. 1— > .... Columbus. Ohio State Academy of Science. Annual Report. No. 9— > . Special Papers. No. 1— > . Denver. Colorado Scientific Society. Proceedings. Vol. i— > Des Moines. Loica Geological Survey. [Annual Reports.] No. 1— > Iowa City. State University of Iowa. Bulletin from the Laboratories of Natural Historv Vol. i, pt. 2-> ^ Jefferson City. Geological Survey of Missouri. Reports. Vol. i— > Las Cruces. New Mexico College of Agriculture. Bulletin. No. 1— > Lawrence. University of Kansas. Kansas University Quarterly. Vol. vii, pt. 2— > The University Geological Survey. Vol. iv— > Date Initial of when Library presenta- in wliich tion the Serial began. is kept. 1898 1888 1809 18S3 1889 1903 1902 1902 1902 L L L . 1896 B, L 1896 1900 L B . 18S9 L 1900 B . 1901 1900 L L . 1885 L 189i Cr 1890 Ii 1893 a 1893 z 1898 1898 ii 74 Libraries. Little Kock. Geological Survey of Arhansas. Aunual Eeports. 1888— > . . . . Los Angeles. Southern California Academy of Science. Bulletin. Yol. i— > Madison. Wisconsin Academy. Transactions. Vol. i— > . . . . Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin. No. 1— > Med FORD. Tuft's College. Studies of Tuft's College. Xo. 1— > Milwaukee. Fuhlic Museum. Annual Keport. No. 1— > . . . . Minneapolis. Geological Survey of Minnesota. Botanical Studies. 1894— > Missoula. University of Montana. Bulletin. Biological Series. No. 1— > Montgomery. Geological Survey of Alabama. Reports— > ...... Bulletin. No. 1— > New York. American Geograpliical Society. Bulletin. Yol. xxxi— > . . . . American Institute of Mining Engineers. Bulletin. Yol. i^ . Transactions. Yol. i— > American Museum of Natural History Memoirs. Yol. i — > Bulletin. Yol. ii, no. 2-> . Annual Report. 1870 — > American Museum Journal. Yol Columbia College. The i^chool of Mines Quarterly. Yol. x— > Journal of Geography. Vol. i, no. 4 — > Neio York Academy of Sciences. Annals. Vol. iv, pt. 3— > Memoirs. Yol. ii — > .... Zoological Society. Annual Reports. No. 1 — > News Bulletin. No. 1— > Philadelphia. Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia. Proceedings. 1888— > ■ [in sheets as issued]. 1891 — > Journal. Yol. ix, pt. 2 . . . Date Initial of when Library presenta- in whicli tion tlie Serial began. is kept. 1894 1902 1899 G 1884 L 1899 L 1894 Z 1891 L 1894 B 1902 L 1894 1894 a 1899 1899 M M 189.5 1889 1889 19U2 L L L L 1889 1902 M Ii 1888 1900 1897 1897 Z Z 1888 1891 1892 Ii Ii Ii Libraries, 75 VuiLkD-Ehvaix— continued. American Philosophical Sociehj. Transactions. Vol. xix — > .... Proceedings. Vol. xxxi— > . . . [ Geographical Society. Bulletin. Vol. i, no. 2— > .... University of Pennsylvania. Contributions from the Botanical Laboratory Vol. i-> -^ PiTTSBUEGH. Carnegie Museum. Publications. No. 1— > .... Annals. Vol. i— > . . . . ! Memoirs. Vol. i— > . . , . . Portland. Portland Society of Natural Hixtory. Proceedings. Vol. ii, no. 2 — > Peixceton. Princeton University Bird Club. Bulletin. Vol. i-> EOCHESTEE. Geological Society of America. Bulletin. Vol. i— > Sacramento. California State Mining Bureau. Annual Eeports. x— > .... St. Lol'is. Missotiri Botanical Garden. Annual Eeport. Vol. i— > .... San Feaxcisco. California Academy of Sciences. Proceedings. Vol.'iv, pt. 2— > Occasional Papers. Vol. i— > Speingfield. Geological Survey of Illinois. Geology and Palaeontology. Vol. viii— > Illinois State Museum. Bulletin. No. 3— > Teenton. Geological Survey of Neiv Jersey. Annual Eeports. 1890— > Final Eeports. Vol. iii— > Uebana. Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Bulletin. Vol. iii, no. 15— >. . ... Washington. Biological Society. Proceedings. Vol. i— > .... National Academy of Sciences. Memoirs. Vol. i — > ..... National Geographic Society. National Geograi^hic Magazine. Vol. viii— > Philosophical Society. Bulletin. Vol. i— > Date Initial of when Library presenta- in which tion the Serial began. is kept. 1898 1893 1894 1892 1899 1899 1902 1902 L L L 1895 L 1901 Z 1892 a 1891 a 1891 B 1887 1891 Ii 1891 G 1894 G 1891 1899 a G 1888 Ii 1890 Ii 1899 Ii 1886 L 76 Libraries. Vol. xi-> Vol. i-> Washington — continued. Smith wnia n Institution. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge. Vol xviii— > ..... Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. Annual Report. 1882— > . Annual Eeports : Bureau of Ethnology. United States Coast Survey. Eeports. 1866— > United States Department of Agriculture. Year Book. 1867— > . Farmers' Bulletin. Xo. 7 — > {Agrostology Division.) Bulletin. No. 1— > . Circular. Xo. 1— > {Animal Industry Division.') Bulletin. Xo. 7— > . Circular. Xo. 1 — > Eeport. Xo. 3— > {Biological Survey Division.) Bulletin. Xo. 1— > . Xorth American Fauna. Xo. 1-1— > {Botany Division.) Bulletin. Xo. 16-> . Circular. Xo. 1 — > Contributions from the U. S. Xational Vol. i— > {Entomology Division.) Bulletin. Xo. 6-> . Technical Series. Xo. 1— > Circular. Ser. II, no. 2 — > . {Fiber Investigations.) Eeport. Xo. 1— > {Plant Industry Bureau.) Bulletin. Xo. 1— > {Vegetable, Physiology and Pathology Division.) Bulletin. Xo. 1— > . . . ' . Circular. Xo. 6 — > United States Geological Survey. Annual Eeports. Xo. 8 — > .... Monographs. Vol. v — > .... Bulletin. Vol. i— > Professional Paper. Xo. 1 . AYater Supply and Irrigation Papers. No. 05— > United States National Museum. Bulletin. Xo. 1— > Special Bulletin. Xo. 1— > .... Proceedings. Vol. 1 — > .... Washington Academy of Sciences. Proceedings. Vol. i — > .... Herbarium Date when presents tion began. 1886 1886 1884 1886 1888 1899 1899 1899 1899 1899 1899 1899 1898 1899 1899 1899 1894 1899 1896 1899 1899 1899 Initial of Library in which the Serial is kept. 1899 L 1899 L 1890 G 1885 G 1885 G 1903 G 1903 G 1886 L 1897 L 1886 L 1899 2G. Uruguay. Montevideo. Museo Nacional. Anales. Vol. i— > 1896 THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY. THE DEPAETMENT OF BOTANY. 1. General Sketch. The Department of Botany, originally styled the Banksian Department, was established for the reception of the herbarium of Sir Joseph Banks, who had, shortly before his death in 1820, bequeathed it to Robert Brown, at whose demise it was to become the property of the British Museum : with Brown's consent, the herbarium might be removed to the Museum during his lifetime. In the first Report of the Banksian Department, dated 7th December, 1827, Brown says that he has superintended its removal, and was then engaged arranging it. The following memorandum as to the contents of the herbarium was submitted to the Trustees in 1834 :— "The Banksian general herbarium, contained in cabinets consisting of sixty-seven cubes having eight drawers each, is arranged according to the Linnaean system, and by means of alphabetical and systematic indexes it may be consulted without difficulty. The number of species in this arranged herbarium is 23,400, of which 20,856 are phanerogamous and 2,544 crypto- gamous plants ; the specimens of many, however, being more or less incomplete. Connected with the general herbarium there is a, collection of fruits and seeds, systematically arranged and contained in 64 drawers. There is also a collection of flowers and fruits, chiefly of the more rare or of succulent plants, preserved in spirits, and contained in 326 bottles. One of the presses contains 67 large specimens, chiefly parts of fructification, fronds, and sections of trunks of palms. A cabinet of four cubes con- tains several partial [special] collections, which, being the authentic materials of important botanical works, are kept separate, particularly Cliff'ord's herbarium, the principal authority foi- the plants described in one of Linnaeus's earliest and most celebi-ated works; Clayton's herbarium, from which Gronovius's 'Flora Virginica ' was entirely formed ; a considerable number of plants collected in the Levant by Tournefort and described in the ' Corollarium ' to his ' Institutiones Rei Herbariae '; and others 80 Botany, sent from Cochin-China by Loureiro, and published in the flora of that country, [There are] also, in five large folio volumes, the herbarium and drawings of Hermannus, chiefly of Zeylan plants, of which the ' Flora Zeylanica ' of Linnaeus is a systematic enumeration and description. The unarranged collections and duj^licates consist of 1,700 parcels. The unarranged collections and duplicates are disposed geographically, and are in progress of incorporation with the arranged herbarium, either as fur- nishing distinct species, or as completing the specimens of those already contained in a less perfect state. The additional species in these collections probably amount to nearly 5,000 phanerogamous plants." In the following year certain other collections, until then in the charge of the principal librarian, were transferred to the Banksian Department. These, according to the following account submitted by Brown, comprised : — "1. Sir Hans Sloane's herbarium, formed by himself and other botanists, whose collections are kept distinct from each other in about 333 volumes, all of them in a tolerably good state of preservation ; they are all numbered on the backs, and may be referred to without difliculty. 2. Baron de Moll's herbarium, purchased by the Trustees, together with his library in 1816. 3. A collection of Chelsea Garden Plants. Sir Hans Sloane in 1721 gave the freehold of the ground to the Company of Apothecaries on condition that 50 new plants should annually be delivered to the Royal Society till the total amounted to 2,000 distinct species. The list of the 50 first [appeared] in the Philo- soi^hical Transactions for 1722, and that which completed the required number, 2,000, in 1761. It appears, however, that the Company remained tributary in 50 distinct species per annum till the year 1796, at which time the number of 3,750 was com- pleted in 75 large fasciculi, which are now extant in perfect preservation. Besides these herbaria there is also a collection of fruits and seeds in spirits of wine, and another of dried specimens of fruits and seeds, roots, wood, and other parts of vegetables." Of Sir Hans Sloane's important collection, some account follows. The Chelsea Garden plants are now incorporated with the general herbarium. The Baron de Moll's collection, according to the report of Konig and Baber, who went to examine his minerals before their purchase by the Trustees, contained specimens from Pallas and other eminent botanists, as well as plants collected by himself in the Alps ; this was probably Botany. 8 1 incorporated with the general herbarium, bub no specimens can now be identified as coming therefrom. The Sloane Herbarium. This extensive herbarium, containing as it does the results of some of the earliest botanical investigations of China, India, and the New World, is of the greatest historical value. The plants are catalogued in two copies of Ray's " Historia Plant- arum " preserved in the Department, so that they can be easily consulted. The plants collected by Sloane himself in Jamaica occupy eight volumes, in which are included the drawings from which the plates in the " Natural History of Jamaica " were made ; Sloane's own copy of this work, with his MS. notes, accompanies the collection. Among the principal contents of the herbarium may be mentioned : the plants collected by James Cunningham in China, in 1698-1703 ; those from the Philippines, by Kamel, sent to Petiver in 1701, and described in the Appendix to Ray's " Historia Plantarum," vol. iii ; the collections of Petiver and Plukenet, containing a large number of the plants figured and described in their works ; American plants from Banister, Bartram, Catesby, Houstoun, Krieg and Vernon ; the collections of Hermann and Oldenland, from the Cape of Good Hope ; Kaempfer's plants from Japan (1691); plants from Jussieu, Tournefort and Vaillant ; and those of most of the contemporary English botanists — Buddie (an important British Herbarium), Doody, Philip Miller, Merrett, Ray, Sherard, Uvedale ; and from the gardens of Badminton, Oxford and Westminster. The Banksian Herbarium. The herbarium of Sir Joseph Banks (1743-1820) is the foundation of the General Herbarium. At the time of its acquisition it was one of the most important in existence — not only on account of its extent, but as containing a large number of types of published species — and, owing to the freedom of access which was allowed to it, one of the most frequently cited in botanical works. Besides the invaluable collections made in Malaya, Brazil, South Africa, Polynesia, AustraHa and New Zealand, by Banks and Solander, in their voyage round the world with Cook in 1768-71, it contains the plants collected VOL. I. ^ 82 Botany, by Banks in Great Britain at various dates and in Newfound- land and Labrador in 1766, as well as those obtained in Iceland in 1772. The herbarium was continually being enriched by purchase and exchange. Besides Hermann's herbarium, and the herbarium of Clifford upon which the " Hortus Cliffortianus " is based, a certain number of Linnaeus's types were obtained from Smith in 1786, when the Banksian herbarium was com- pared with that of Linnaeus. The collections of AVilliara Houstoun from Central America and the West Indies were pui'chased by Banks from Philip Miller, whose own her- barium, containing the types of many of the plants described in the "Gardeners Dictionary," ed. viii (1768), was acquired by Banks in 1774. In that year Banks arranged with the " Societas Unitatis Fratrum," or Moravian Brothers, to collect plants at Tranquebar, whence he received about 500 specimens in 1775-78. In 1775 he purchased a large herbarium of Swiss plants, indicated in the herbarium as " Herb. Helvet.," collected by Dick; these Banks obtained through Dr. Pitcairn (1711-91), who had a botanic garden at Islington, specimens from which are in the herbarium. The collections of the Forsters and of Loureiro were acquired at about the same time. The plants collected by Alexander Russell (1715 ?-68) and his brother Patrick (1726- 1805), who were at Aleppo in 1740-53 and 1755-71 respectively, were sent to Banks, and are described by him and Solander in the "Natural History of Aleppo," ed. 2 (1789). Other well-known London gardens contributed to the Banksian collection at this period : notably those of James Gordon at Mile End, James Lee at Hammersmith, William Malcolm at Kensington, and James Vere at Kensington Gore ; there are also a few specimens from the garden of Richard Anthony Salisbury at Chapel Allerton, Yorkshire. The most important collection of cultivated plants is, however, that from the Royal Gardens, Kew, which contains the types of the numerous species described by Banks's librarians Solander and Dryander (helped in the second edition by Brown) in Alton's " Hortus Kewensis " ; the MS. original descriptions of these and of a large number of other plants in the Sloane and Banksian herbaria are preserved in the Department of Botany. Jacquin's herbarium, consisting largely of plants cultivated by him in the Vienna and Schonbrunn Gardens and containing some of his West Indian plants, was purchased by Banks and is incorporated with his collection, which also contains specimens sent by A. L. de Jussieu from the Paris Garden. Botany, 83 Among the more noteworthy of the Indian collectors are William Roxburgh ; Buchanan-Hamilton (who sent plants to Banks in 1794 and 1798); J. G. Koenig, who sent plants in 1776 and bequeathed to Banks his herbarium and MSS. ; James Robertson, who collected in Bombay, Madras, China and Johanna Island in 1772-76. The most important Chinese collection is that made by Sir George Staunton during Lord Macartney's embassy to China in 1793. From Polynesia are the large collections of J. R. and G. Forster, made during Cook's second voyage (1772-75) ; also plants obtained during Cook's third voyage (1776-80) by David Nelson, who also collected in Australia and Timor ; William Anderson also collected during these voyages in the same countries. The specimens collected by Christopher Smith and James Wiles during Bligh's voyage to Otaheite (1791-93) were also sent to Banks. From the Cape there are, besides the very important collections of Francis Masson (1741-1805), who also sent plants to Banks from the Canaries and Azores, from the West Indies, and from North America and Canada ; about 1,000 specimens from Oldenburg, collected in 1772; and others from James Niven (1774?-1826), David Nelson {d. 1789), and Andreas Auge {fl. 1794). Among the collectors in tropical Africa may be mentioned William Brass {fl. 1790), who collected at Cape Coast ; Henry Smeathman (fl. 1750-87), who sent plants from Mada- gascar and Sierra Leone; and Christian Smith (1785-1816), whose important collections during the Congo expedition were described by Robert Brown. The principal contributor of Madagascar plants was John Vaughan Thompson {fl. 1807-29). Among New World collections, the most important is that of John Clayton (1686 ?-l 773), who sent 4iis Virginian plants to Gronovius ; they are the types of Gronovius's " Flora Yirginica " (1743-1762). The volume of South Carolina plants collected by William Young {fl. 1753-84), with an accompanying volume of crude drawings, was acquired by Banks from the Bute library in 1794. Other early American collectors represented in the herbarium are John Bartram (1699-1777), and his son William (1739-1823); W. V. Turner, who collected in the "Cherokee country" in 1769; Peter Kalm (1717-79); William Clifton (^. 1765) ; Dr. John Mitchell {d. 1772); and Archibald Menzies (1754-1842). Among West Indian collectors may be mentioned Olof Swartz G 2 84 Botany. (1760-1818), who contributed largely to the herbarium and worked at the material therein preserved, obtained by previous collectors; the results of his researches are included in his "Prodromus" (1783), where he pays a high tribute to Banks — " Non poterunt immortales perillustris hujus viri digne satis celebrari laudes " ; Henri de Ponthieu sent plants from the Caribee Islands in 1778; William Wright (1735-1819) and Roger Shakespear from Jamaica, the latter collected in 1777-82 ; Alexander Anderson {d. 1815), plants from Demerarain 1791 and later from the St. Vincent Garden, of which he was curator ; John Greg, plants from Dominica, collected 1777. Robert Brown's Herbarium. At the death of Robert Brown in 1858, his herbarium came into the possession of John Joseph Bennett, then Keeper of the Department of Botany. It mainly consisted of the very valuable and interesting collection made by Brown in his capacity as naturalist during the voyage of H.M.S. Investigator, commanded by Captain Flinders, on the coast of New Holland and Van Diemen's Land in 1802-5, and included nearly 3,900 species, among them being the types of Brown's " Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae." The herbarium during Bennett's lifetime was kept at the Museum, and was accessible to botanists ; it was largely employed by Bentham in the preparation of his " Flora Australiensis." On Bennett's death in 1876, the Museum became possessed of a complete and very fine series of the Australian plants, with all Brown's notes, and of the remainder of his herbarium ; this contained Australian plants from Baxter, Sturt, Mitchell and Labillardiere, Brown's own collec- tions in Timor and at the Cape, and various specimens from other collectors, including types of species described by Brown. Mr. Murray desires to state that advantage has been taken of Mr. Britten's unique knowledge of the history of the botanical collections. He, with Mr. Gepp's help, has completed the work. Botany, 85 2. — Chronological Account of the Principal Accessions TO THE Botanical Collections to the end of 1902. 1829. An extensive collection of Indian plants, made by Dr. Wallich, and presented by the East India Company ; further instalments were received in 1847 and 1849. 1831. T. Drummond's " Musci Americani/' collected in North America during the second Land Expedition (1825-28) of Sir John Franklin : presented by Dr. Richardson ; another series — from the Southern States — was purchased in 1842. 1834. 400 Egyptian plants collected and presented by John G. Wilkinson, Esq. Plants of Georgia and Carolina collected by Beyrich : pur- chased. 500 Chilian plants collected by Bertero : purchased. A small collection of Peruvian plants, made by A. Mathews : purchased : in 1840, 207 plants were purchased. 1836. 127 plants from British Guiana collected and presented by R. H. Schomburgk, Esq. ; in 1837, 400 plants were presented ; in 1838, 300; in 1839, 323; in 1843, 510 ; in 1844, 530 plants, with 125 specimens of woods and fruits. 170 Arctic plants collected and presented by Sir George Back, R.K 119 plants from Labrador collected and presented by Lieut. Bowen, R.N. 250 woods and 135 plants from Brazil, collected by Blanchet : purchased ; in 1838, 180 plants were purchased. 86 Botany. 1837. 172 plants collected during the Euphrates Expedition and presented by Col. Chesney. 1838. 1,300 Mexican plants collected by Berlandier : purchased. 1839. 405 South American plants collected by George Barclay during the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur: presented by W. T. Aiton, Esq. 503 Mexican plants collected by Hartweg : purchased ; in 1841, 108 Guatemalan plants were purchased; in 1842, 66 plants from Guayaquil; in 1843, 609 Columbian and 138 Peruvian plants. 1840. 805 specimens of woods, purchased of B. Couch, Plymouth Dockyard. 513 plants from Port Natal collected by Dr. Krauss : purchased. 258 Nubian plants collected by Theodor Kotschy : purchased- 1841. 75 South AustraHan plants collected and presented by Mrs. Captain Grey ; in 1845, 265 plants were presented. 2,433 plants collected in the Philippines, etc. by Hugh Cuming: purchased; in 1843, 113 orchids in spirit were pur- chased. 1,907 plants from Syria, Persia, and Arabia, collected by Aucher-Eloy : purchased. 803 plants and 160 woods from Brazil collected by Claussen : purchased ; in 1843, 100 woods were purchased. 791 Brazilian plants collected by George Gardner : purchased ; in 1842, 358 plants were purchased ; in 1843, 140 cryptogams. 313 Abyssinian plants collected by Schimper : purchased. 126 Chilian plants collected by Bridges: purchased; in 1842, 108 plants were purchased ; in 1843, 313. 134 Brazilian plants collected by Martius : purchased. Botany, 87 1842. 170 Australian plants presented by Capt. Wickhara, R.N. 358 Surinam plants collected by Hostmann : purchased ; in 1843, 541 plants were purchased. The following were purchased at the sale of Lambert's Herba- rium ; 1,998 plants and 397 woods, barks, fruits, and seeds, from Peru, Mexico, and Spain, collected by Ruiz and Pavon ; 2,250 Russian and Siberian plants collected by Pallas ; 453 plants collected during Cook's second voyage, and forming the younger Forster's Herbarium ; 674 Indian plants collected by Buchanan Hamilton ; 400 plants from French Guiana collected by Martin. 1843. 446 North American plants collected and presented by E. Doubleday, Esq. ; in the following year, 251 plants were presented. 380 South African plants collected by Burke : presented by the Earl of Derby. 90 plants from the east coast of China collected and presented by Sir Everard Home ; the following year, 51 plants were presented. 1000 West Australian plants collected by J. Drummond : purchased; in 1844, 400 plants were purchased; in 1845, 345; in 1848, 400 ; in 1850, 552 ; in 1854, 450. 228 plants of Columbia and New Granada collected by Linden: purchased: in 1844, 64 plants were purchased; in 1845, 232; in 1868, 919. 1844. 595 South African plants collected and presented by Dr. Wallich. 260 plants from Tenasserim collected and presented by Dr. J. D. Y. Packman. 150 plants from the Canary Islands collected and presented by P. B. Webb, Esq. ; in the following year, 148 plants were presented. 814 Persian plants collected by Theodor Kotschy : purchased ; in 1857, 504 plants from Asia Minor were purchased; in 1862. 580 plants from Cilicia and Kurdistan ; in 1864, 232 plants from Syria and Cyprus; in 1867, 1,875 Persian. 88 Botany. 500 European mosses prepared by W. P. Schimper : purchased. 175 plants from Chili collected by Renous : purchased. 1 68 models of British Fungi made by J. Sowerby : purchased. 1845. 1,120 South American plants collected during the Voyage of Survey, in the Adventure and Beagle, by Capt. P. P. King, R.N., and presented by him. 531 plants from Auckland and Campbell's Islands collected during Ross's Antarctic Voyage, and presented by Dr. J. D. Hooker; in 1847, 444 plants were presented ; in 1854, 439 New Zealand plants. 247 plants from Guiana : presented by H. C. Rothery, Esq. 713 plants from Florida collected by ChajDman : purchased. 600 North American plants collected by Geyer : purchased. 330 plants from Quito collected by Jameson : purchased ; in 1846, 277 Columbian plants were purchased; in 1847, 102 Columbian mosses ; in 1848, 127 plants from Quito; in 1849, 257; in 1850, 182 ; in 1857, 795; in 1858, 168. 318 plants from Texas collected by Lindheimer : purchased ; in 1850, 457 plants were purchased. 272 Chinese plants collected by Fortune : purchased ; in 1846, 55 plants were purchased; in 1852, 70 plants, etc.; in 1857, 52 plants, etc.; in 1860, a series of woods; in 1862, 100 plants from China and Japan. 228 Grecian plants collected by Heldreich : purchased ; in 1849, 1,787 plants from Greece and Asia Minor were purchased. 1846. 715 plants from Australia and the Pacific Islands, collected and presented by Sir Everard Home; in 1853, 400 plants, with numerous cryptogams, were presented; in 1854, 174. 1,500 South African plants collected by Zeyher : purchased ; in 1852, 55 woods were purchased. 650 Caucasian plants collected by Hohenacker : purchased. 580 plants from Buenos Ayres collected by Tweed ie : purchased. 400 plants from the Canary Islands collected by Bourgeau : purchased ; the following year, 607 plants were purchased. 1 60 Arabian plants collected by W. Schimper : purchased ; in 1880, 84 plants were presented. Botany. 89 131 plants from Java collected by T. Lobb : purchased; in 1847, 213 plants from Java, Penang, and Singapore were purchased; in 1848, 48. 1847. The collection of Edward Rudge, containing an arranged general herbarium of 4,138 species, and 772 plants from French Guiana collected by Martin : presented by Mrs. Rudge. 485 plants from New South Wales collected and presented by Sir Thomas Mitchell. 303 plants from Madagascar and Mauritius collected by Bojer : presented by the Society of Arts and Sciences, Mauritius. 533 Bolivian plants collected by Bridges : purchased. 132 Hepaticse Britannicse prepared by Maclvor : purchased. 408 Pyrenean mosses and hepatics collected by Spruce : purchased. 1848. 650 Portuguese plants collected by Welwitsch : purchased ; in 1852, 200 plants were purchased; in 1853, 601; in 1856, 125 mosses. 412 Calif ornian plants collected by Hartweg : purchased. 326 plants from New Mexico collected by Fendler : purchased ; the following year, 1,297 plants were purchased. 1849. An extensive collection,. forming part of W. Griffith's Indian herbarium, was presented by the East India Company ; a con- tinuation was presented the following year. 294 plants from North Persia collected and presented by Thomas Lynch, Esq. 292 plants from the South of France and the Spanish Pyre- nees, collected by Bourgeau : purchased; in 1850, 270 Spanish plants were purchased; in 1864, 611 plants from the French Maritime Alps, Spain, Algeria, Armenia, and Lycia ; in 1865, 178 European; in 1868, 1,080 plants from Corsica and Savoy. 1850. 236 plants from the Dutch possessions in India, collected Ijy Junghuhn and presented by Dr. de Vriese. 118 plants from the Sandwich Islands and the West Coast of Africa, collected and presented by Lieut. W. Strickland, R.N. 90 Botany. 26 Syrian plants collected by W. K. Loftus : presented ; in 1853 and 1856, 72 Oriental plants were presented ; in 1856, 207 Assyrian plants were purchased. 635 South American plants with specimens of wood, etc., collected by Spruce: purchased; in 1851, 378 plants, etc., were purchased ; in 1852, 367 plants, etc. ; in 1853, 422 ; in 1855, 405 ; in 1856, 256; in 1858, 664; in 1859, 363; in 1860, 300; in 1861, 910; in 1866, 997; in 1867, 1,403 mosses; in 1892, 494 hepatics. 519 plants from New Mexico collected by C. Wright : pur- chased ; in 1853, 850 plants were purchased. 396 Spanish plants collected by Blanco : purchased. 208 plants from Algeria and Oran collected by George Munby : purchased. 200 plants from Forfarshire collected by W. Gardiner : purchased. 108 plants from New Zealand collected by Mossman : pur- chased; in 1850, 107 cryptogams were purchased; in 1860, 365 "West Australian plants. 1851. 5,746 Brazilian plants collected by Gardner, being his own herbarium : purchased of his executors. 1852. 1,747 plants from Kumaun, Garhwal, and adjoining part of Tibet, collected by Capt. R. Strachey and presented by the East India Company. 114 woods from Ceylon, collected and presented by F. Layard, Esq. A collection of Australian plants, chiefly from Allan Cunning- ham : presented. 780 specimens, representing 293 species of British sea-weeds : purchased from Mrs. Griffiths. 130 plants from Mount Olympus collected by Clemente : purchased. A collection of fruits and fungi from St. Domingo, collected by Salle: purchased; in 1855, 46 fungi from Vera Cruz were purchased; in 1857, 298 Mexican fungi ; in 1858, 524 Mexican plants and 275 from New Orleans. Botany. 91 1853. 151 plants from St. Domingo collected by Sir R. H. Schom- burgk : presented. 250 plants from Ceylon collected by Thwaites : purchased ; in 1854, 433 plants were purchased; in 1855, 1,392; in 1857, 234; in 1858, 152; in 1860, 166; in 1861, 105; in 1863, 129; in 1866, 113 ; in 1868, 117 ; in 1875, 445 cryptogams. 150 South African plants collected by J. H. Bowker : purchased. 100 plants from Moreton Bay collected by Strange : pur- chased. 1854. 550 Armenian plants collected by Huet de Pavilion : pur- chased ; in 1856, 363 Sicilian plants were purchased; in 1857, 325 ; in 1867, 350 Oriental plants. 388 South American plants collected by V\^. Lobb : purchased. 316 Dalmatian plants collected by Botteri : purchased; in 1867, 200 plants were purchased. 309 plants from Kurdistan and Loristan, collected by Olguin : purchased. 80 plants from New Zealand collected by T. S. Ralph : purchased; in 1859, 87 ferns were purchased. 1855. 720 Indian plants collected and presented by Drs. J. D. Hooker and T. Thomson; in 1859, 3,851 plants were presented ; in 1861, 2,395. 546 Mexican plants collected by Botteri : purchased ; in 1857, 470 plants were purchased. 496 plants from the South Pacific Islands, collected by John MacGillivray : purchased; in 1860, 119 cryptogams from the New Hebrides were purchased; in 1862, 91 plants; in 1863, 89 plants from Lizard Island. 425 Oriental plants collected by Balansa : purchased; in 1856, 487 plants were purchased; in 1857, 144 ; in 1858, 170. 242 South Australian algse, collected by Ray : purchased. 1856. 450 plants from the South Sea Islands, etc., collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Herald (1852), and presented by Sir J. Liddell, C.B. 92 Botany. 257 plants of the same voyage, with 1,919 North American plants, chiefly collected by Sir John Richardson ; 852 West Australian plants collected by A. Collie ; and 477 miscellaneous plants with specimens of vegetable productions, were received from the Royal Naval Hospital, Haslar. 222 plants from the Pyrenean Mountains, Australia, collected and presented by D. E. Cooper, Esq. 144 plants from Tripoli and Central Africa collected and presented by Dr. E. Yogel. 395 plants from Tunis collected by Kralik : purchased. 182 Venezuelan ferns collected by Fendler : purchased. 166 Spanish plants collected by Rossmassler : purchased. The following were purchased at the sale of the Horticultural Society's Herbarium: 1,460 plants from North- West America and California, collected by D. Douglas; 1,079 plants from Ceylon and 320 from the Sandwich Islands, collected by Macrae ; 701 plants from West Tropical Africa, collected by G. Don; 317 plants from South Africa and Madagascar, collected by J. Forbes ; 510 plants from the East Indies. 1857. 567 algae from Australia, 119 from the Friendly Islands and 93 from Ceylon, collected by Harvey : purchased. 337 Javanese plants collected by Zollinger : purchased ; the following year, 360 plants were purchased. 218 Chilian plants collected by Ph. Germain: purchased; the following year, 484 plants were purchased. 126 plants from Chagres collected by Fendler : purchased. 22 woods, etc., from Madeira, collected by N. H. Mason : purchased ; the following year 400 plants were purchased. 1858. 964 Javanese plants, collected by Dr. Horsfield, including the types of Brown and Bennett's " Plantse Javanicae Rariores " : presented by the East India Company. The following were purchased at the sale of W. Gourlie's Herbarium: 1000 plants from Ohio, collected by J. Clarke; 635 Corsican plants, collected by Soleirol ; 600 plants from New Zealand, collected by A. Sinclair ; 590 Indian plants, collected by Dr. T. Thomson; 535 plants from Spain, Italy and Algeria, collected by Balansa, Bourgeau, Durieu and Jamin ; Botany, 93 184 plants from Panama and North- West America, collected by Seemann. 625 Australasian plants collected by Leicliardt and Lynd : purchased. 600 plants from Braemar collected by A. Croall : purchased. 285 Calif ornian plants collected by Bridges : purchased. 174 Ceylon woods collected by Wright : purchased. 1859. James Sowerby's Herbarium, containing the types of the plants figured in " English Botany " : purchased. " Lichenes Hibernici exsiccati," prepared by Isaac Carroll : purchased; in 1874 and 1875, large Irish and Scandinavian collections, formed by Carroll, were purchased. 1860. 406 plants from Kentucky collected by Dr. Shortt and presented by Sir John Richardson, 5,750 North American plants, forming Nuttall's Herbarium : purchased. 889 plants from Ecuador collected by Louis Eraser : pur- chased ; the following year, 156 Guatemalan plants were purchased. Four centuries of " Lichenes ex herb, T. Salwey " : purchased 1860-62. 50 species forming fasc. 1 of Wirtgen's " Rubi Rhenani": purchased; in 1861, fasc. 2 was purchased; in 1862, 32 species of Mentha. 186L 134 West Himalayan plants collected by Captain P. Gerard : presented. 757 plants, chiefly Russian, from Prescott's Herbarium : pur- chased. 601 British lichens collected by W, Mudd : purchased ; in 1865, 80 specimens, illustrating his monogi-aph of British Cladoniae, were purchased. 594 plants from the Fiji Islands collected by Seemann : purchased; in 1865, 200 plants were purchased. 375 plants from Alabama collected by S. B. Buckley : purchased. 94 Botany. 360 British mosses and 150 lichens collected by J. Sadler : purchased. 337 British sea- weeds collected and presented by Miss Cutler, and 149 by Mrs. Gray. 1,200 species forming 24 fascicles of the " Erbario Critto- gamico Italiano," Ser. I : purchased at various times between the years 1861 and 1871. (For Series II, see 1869.) 300 plants from South-AYest Australia, collected by G. Max- well : purchased. 258 British fungi and 51 Rubi collected by Rev. A. Bloxam : purchased; in 1866, 49 Rubi were presented; in 1870, 2,086 fungi of Britain and France were purchased ; in 1875, a collection of lichens was purchased; in 1878, his scientific correspondence was presented by his son; in 1893, 46 Rubi were presented by the Linnean Society ; in 1896, 200 British and 300 New Zealand cryptogams were presented by F. T. Mott, Esq. 254 plants from Senegal collected by Perrottet : purchased ; in 1862, 52 plants from Guadeloupe were purchased. 208 Mexican plants collected by Jiirgensen : purchased. 201 North American plants collected by Carey and Watson : purchased. 176 plants from Madagascar and Mohilla collected by Boivin : purchased. 159 Senegal plants collected by Adanson, Leprieur and Perrottet : purchased. 136 plants from Mexico and Peru collected by Ruiz and Pavon : purchased. 117 Senegal plants collected by Heudelot : purchased. 100 species, forming two fasciculi of Ayres's " British Fungi " : purchased. 74 plants from Martinique, collected by Belanger, Gamier and Perrottet : purchased. 1862. A valuable series of plants collected during the 17th and 18th centuries, including the herbaria of Ray, Dale, Rand and Nicholls : presented by the Apothecaries' Company. 3,300 European plants, forming fasc. 1-33 of Billot's "Flora Galliie et Germanise exsiccata " : further instalments were pur- chased in 1865 and in 1867. 2,542 cryptogams, forming the herbarium of George J. Lyon : purchased. Botany. 95 2,000 plants, forming the type collection of Seemann's " Botany of the Voyage of H.M.S. Herald^' : purchased. 974 species, forming fasc. 1-36 of Rabenhorst's " Lichenes Europsei exsiccati": purchased between the years 18G2 and 1880. Decades 1-66 of Rabenhorst's " Hepaticse Europsese " : pur- chased between the years 1862 and 1880. 800 species, forming cent. 1-8 of Rabenhorst's " Fungi Europaei," Ed. 2, Ser. i. : purchased. 465 plants from New Grenada collected by Schlim : pur- chased. 305 plants from Penang and Singapore collected by J. T. Walker : purchased. Baxter's " Stirpes Cryptogamicse Oxonienses " : j^urchased. 46 British Salices, collected by J. E. Leefe : purchased ; in 1870, 100 Salices were purchased ; in 1872 and 1875 further purchases were made. Count Limminghe's lichen collection : j^urchased. 1863. 457 Tasmanian plants collected and presented by Dr. J, Milligan; in 1868, 72 were presented. 313 mosses and 74 hepatics from the Simplon Pass : presented by Prof. Gagliardi ; in the following year, 665 lichens were pre- sented. 2,300 German plants, forming part of Reichenbach's " Flora Germanica exsiccata " : purchased ; in the following year, 500 were purchased. 218 plants and 450 fruits from Panama collected by Sutton Hayes : purchased ; in the following year, 1,102 plants were pur- chased. 162 plants from the Zambesi collected by the Rev. J. Stewart : purchased. 103 Compositse prepared by Schultz-Bipontinus : purchased; in 1866, 100 were purchased; in 1871, 253 ; in 1872, 870. The following were purchased of the Linnean Society : 690 Australian plants collected by Ferd. von Mueller ; 340 crypto- gams from South Carolina collected by Ravenel; 250 Chilian Compositse collected by Gillies; 87 plants from Madagascar collected by Hilsenberg ; Dr. Pulteney's British Herbarium ; herbarium of South Carolina plants formed by Walter. 96 Botany. 1864. 216 fungi presented by C. E. Broome, Esq. 3,000 species, forming sixty livraisons of Desmazieres' " Plantes Cryptogames de la France " : transferred from the Department of Printed Books ; in 1888, 280 fresh-water algae : purchased. 2,000 mosses, chiefly British, forming A. O. Black's Herbarium : purchased. Rabenhorst's " Algen Sachsens," comprising two hundred and fifty-nine decades, were purchased between the years 1864 and 1880. Rabenhorst's "Fungi Europsei," Ed. 2, Ser. ii., containing forty -three centuries, were purchased between the years 1864 and 1901. 121 specimens, forming five parts of Rabenhorst's " Characese Europese," were purchased between the years 1864 and 1879. 450 British fungi collected by M. C. Cooke : purchased ; in 1865, 250 fungi were purchased; in 1867, 200; in 1870, 100; in 1872, 307; in 1874, 100 fungi and 50 Discomycetes ; from 1872-74, 332 preparations, illustrating the structure and fructification of British fungi, were purchased; in 1895, 100 fungi, chiefly Australian. 539 Cuban cryptogams collected by C. Wright : purchased ; in 1865, 2,127 phanerogams were purchased; in 1870, 351 fungi; in 1884, 330 Graphidese; in 1886, 56 lichens. 700 plants of the Rocky Mountains collected by Hall, Harbour and Parry : purchased. 672 Pyrenean plants collected by Fourcade : purchased. 550 plants from Palestine collected by B. T. Lowne : purchased. 100 plants forming two fasciculi of Van Heurck's "Plantes rares ou critiques de Belgique" : purchased ; in 1868, 1869, and 1870, other fasciculi were purchased. 1865. 1,500 British plants presented by Mrs. Anna Atkins. 1,078 South African plants collected by T. Cooper: pre- sented. 1,000 Tyrolese plants collected by Rupert Huter : purchased ; in 1866, 850 plants were purchased; in 1867, 300 ; in 1868, 425 Dalmatian; in 1870, 375 Tyrolese; in 1872, 405 ; in 1875, 488 Botany. 9 7 from the Tyrol and North Italy; in 1876, 237 from South Europe; in 1881, 375 European. 2,850 Venezuelan plants collected by Moritz : purchased. 1,600 plants from Zululand collected by AV. T. Gerrard : purchased, 400 Sicilian plants, forming first four centuries of Todaro's "Elora Sicula": purchased; in 1867, 1868, cent. 5, 6 were purchased; in 1869, cent. 7, 8; in 1871, cent. 9-12; in 1875, cent. 13, 14. 369 Swedish plants collected by Nyman : purchased. 273 European mosses contained in Schimper's " Pugillus Muscorum " : purchased. 269 plants from the Shetland Islands collected by Ralph Tate : purchased. 1866. Collection of ferns (upwards of 10,000) made by John Smith, of Kew : purchased. 5000 microscope-slides of Diatomacea^, forming the entire collections of Gregory and Greville : purchased. 600 German plants, forming first six centuries of F. Schultz's "Herbarium Normale " : purchased; in 1868, cent. 7-10 were purchased; in 1886, cent. 20, 21 (C. Keck, ed.) ; in 1887, cent. 22, 23; in 1888, cent. 24; in 1889, cent. 25, 26; in 1892, cent. 27-29 ; in 1894, cent. 30, and 31 (DGrfier, ed.) ; in 1897, cent. 32-34; in 1898, cent. 35, 36; in 1899, cent. 37-39; in 1900, cent. 40; in 1901, cent. 41 ; in 1902, cent. 42, 43. 536 specimens being SuUivant and Lesquereux's "Musci Americani exsiccati," Ed. II. : purchased. 475 plants from Formosa collected by R. Oldham : purchased ; in 1870, 663 plants were purchased. 400 species, being Mdlle. Libert's " Plant^e Cryptogamicai " of the Ardennes : purchased. 370 specimens of Leighton's " Lichenes Britannici " : pur- chased ; the following year, 50 species were purcliased. 112 plants from Old Calabar collected by AV. G. Milne: purchased. 1867. 1,300 plants from the East Indies and 1,000 from the Neilgherry Mountains, collected by Metz : purchased. 835 marine alg?e collected by Kiitzing and others : purchased ; the following year, Kiitzing's entire collection of about 2,000 VOL. I. II 98 Botany. gatherings of DiiTtomacea?, together with notes and sketches, was purchased. 785 plants and 42 woods from Egypt and Ethiopia, collected by Schweinfurth : purchased. 18 fascicles of British alga* i3repared by J. Cocks : j^urchased. 238 plants from Chontales, Nicaragua, collected by B. Seemann : purchased. 227 plants from Senegambia and 25G from the Neilgherry Mountains, collected by Perrottet : purchased. Wirtgen's " Herbarium Rhenanum" : purchased 1867—71. 134 cryptogams from South Africa and the West Indies, collected by Breutel : purchased; in 1871, 873 mosses from South Africa, Central and Arctic America ; purchased. 1868. 994 plants from Styria, Dalmatia, and Italy, presented by Dr. R. C. Alexander Prior. 333 Australian plants collected and presented by Charles Moore, Esq. 295 British lichens presented by Dr. HoU. 4,824 cryptogams, being Hepp's herbarium : purchased. 1,250 Bolivian plants collected by Mandon : purchased. 1,093 Pyrenese plants collected by Petit : purchased. 966 Algerian plants collected by Romain : purchased. 954 plants from French Guiana collected by Sagot : pur- chased. 588 Italian plants collected by Puccinelli : purchased. 564 Chilian plants collected by Philippi : purchased ; in 1893, several specimens of Malvaceae were presented. 544 plants from Martinique collected by Hahn : purchased ; in 1870, 444 plants were purchased. 500 Californian plants collected by Bolander : purchased. 100 microscope-slides of Eulenstein's " Diatomacea^ Typicie " : purchased. 50 lichens from the Channel Islands collected by Larbalestier : purchased; in 1873, 230 lichens were purchased; in 1880, 350 British and 150 Egyptian. 1869. 110 Australasian plants collected by Baron Ferd. von Mueller: presented; in 1878, 286 plants were presented; in Botany. 99 1884, 30; in 1885, 783 ; iu 1886, 161 ; in 1887, 675 ; in 1889, 402; in 1890, 692; in 1891, 343; in 1892, 164; in 1893,56; in 1894, 22. 700 plants from Quito collected by Jameson and presented by J. N. Kuczinski, Esq. 211 North American plants collected and presented by Dr. W. A. Bell. 110 Styrian and 22 Sicilian plants collected and presented by the Chevalier Pittoni. 48 plants from Gibraltar collected and presented by H. A. Hurst, Esq. ; in 1871, 62 plants from Lower Egypt were presented; in 1876, 99 Egyptian; in 1881, 200. 2,000 Abyssinian plants collected by W. Schimper : j^ur- chased; in 1871, 90 mosses and hepatics were purchased; in 1872, 270 plants ; in 1890, 224 plants were acquired by exchange ; in 1891,265. 650 plants from the European collection formed by Dr. Rostan : purchased. 416 fungi from South Carolina collected byllavenel: purchased. 323 Nicaraguan plants collected by Ralph Tate : purchased. 1,100 species, forming twenty-two fasciculi of the " Erbario Crittogamico Italiano," Ser. II., were purchased between the years 1869 and 1881. (For series I, see 1861.) The following, from IsT. B. Ward's collection, were purchased of his executors : 3,094 South African plants collected by Harvey, Ecklon, Stanger, etc. ; 1,014 Indian plants collected by Wight; 784 North American plants collected by Gray, Sullivant, etc. ; 560 Madeiran plants collected by Lemann, Lij^pold, etc. ; 431 Malaccan jDlants collected by Griffith ; 225 Calif ornian plants collected by Coulter ; 2 1 3 North American Carices collected by Sartwell; 166 Swan River plants collected byMylne; 113 plants from the Fiji Islands collected by Harvey ; 96 North European Salices collected by Lsestadius ; 77 Athenian i^hxnts collected by Boissier. 1870. 67 plants from the Island of Banl^a, Malay Archipelago : presented by Dr. R. H. C. C. Scheffer ; in 1872, 276 Javanese woods were presented. 2,625 Oriental plants collected by Haussknecht : purchased. 100 British lichens collected by J. M. Crombie : purchased ; in 1871, 200 lichens were purchased ; in 1872, 100 : in 1873, 450 ; 11 2 100 Botany. in 1874, 450; ia 1877, 350; in 1890, 1,287; in 1891, 138; in 1900, 54. 250 critical British plants collected by W. T. Thiselton Dyer : purchased; in 1871, 100 plants, purchased. 175 Juncace?e, and 165 Graminese, being Baenitz's published sets : purchased. 100 plants from Old Calabar collected by Robb : purchased. 82 fossil plants prepared by Norman: purchased; in 1871, 73 fossil woods were purchased; in 1873, 122 fossils. 1871. 343 cellular cryptogams presented by Dr. W. Lauder Lindsay ; in 1874, a collection of fossil plants was presented. 267 Cape plants collected by R. Trimen : presented. Auerswald's herbarium of 17,000 European and American plants : purchased. 1,625 Scandinavian plants collected by Ahlberg : purchased. 1,450 mosses, forming twenty-nine fasciculi of Rabenhorst's " Bryotheca Europaea," were purchased between 1871 and 1884. 125 vascular cryptogams of Europe, forming five fasciculi of Rabenhorst's published set. 1,030 Russian plants collected by Gruner, Bunge, Schweinfurth, Le Jolis, etc. : purchased; and 556 from Catherinslav and 371 from Woronetz by Gruner. 1,000 Yucatan plants collected by A. Schott : purchased. 410 lichens of Italy collected by Anzi : purchased ; in 1875, a further 988 were purchased. 400 North African plants collected by E. G. Paris: pur- chased; in the following year, 100 plants were purchased. 400 Belgian cryptogams collected by Westendorp and Wallays : purchased. 390 South American mosses collected by J. Weir : purchased : in the ensuing year, 189 plants were purchased. 378 Russian plants collected by Golde : purchased ; in 1874, 133 plants were purchased ; in 1875, 100. 323 Malayan plants collected by A. C. Maingay : purchased ; in 1882, 135 Burmese lichens were purchased. 304 British fungi collected by W. G. Smith : purchased ; in subsequent years 47 specimens and 216 microscope preparations were acquired. 300 wood sections prepared by Nordlinger : purchased ; a Botany. 101 complete series of his " Holzquerschnitte " was subsequently purchased. 272 Salices collected by Wimmer : purchased. 225 German fungi prepared by HoU and Schmidt : purchased. 219 Italian plants collected by Liberato Sabbati, 1718 ; transferred from Kew. 200 cryptogams collected by Kneiff and Hartmann : pur- chased. 185 plants from the Island Sviatoi, Caspian Sea, collected l)y Bruhns : purchased. 168 plants, forming Schultz's "Herbarium Florae Istriacae " : purchased. 150 plants from the Engadine collected by J. L. Kriittli : purchased. 125 Scandinavian plants collected by Zetterstedt : purchased. 105 Portuguese plants collected by Daniel Sharpe : purchased. 1872. Plants from Dr. J. A. Murray's Herbarium : purchased. 1,800 rare French plants, collected by Jordan, Kralik, Grenier, etc. : purchased. 880 New Caledonian plants collected by Pancher : purchased ; the following year, 73 woods and stems were purchased. 650 Spanish plants collected by Graells : purchased. 150 Scandinavian mosses and 650 lichens from Lapland collected by Hellbom : purchased; in 1891, 200 Scandinavian lichens were purchased. 633 plants from Oregon collected by Elihu Hall : purchased ; the following year, 850 plants from Texas were purchased. 700 " Schweizerische Kryptogamen " in 14 fascicles, by Wartmann and Schenck : purchased. 385 North Italian plants collected by Cesati, Caruel and Savi : purchased. 350 Corsican plants collected by P. Mabille : purchased. A complete set of Berkeley's " British Fungi " (350 specimens) : purchased. 1,300 Austrian fungi prepared by F. von Thiimen : purchased 1872-75. 250 Scandinavian algffi collected by Areschoug : purchased ; in 1875, 150 algae were purchased. 225 plants and 19 fruits from Cordova collected by E. Fielding : purchased. 102 Botany. 191 plants from Clierson, Russia, collected by Rehmann : purchased. 187 plants from Malta and Italy, collected and presented by J. T. Duthie, Esq. : in 1873, 128 plants were presented ; in 1874, 300 were purchased. 150 plants from Crete and 90 from Martinique collected by Sieber : purchased. 131 plants from Demerara collected by C. Appun : purchased. 110 Cuban plants collected by Ramon de la Sagra : purchased. 100 species, forming first two fasciculi of Lindeberg's "Hieracia Scandinavi?e " : purchased; in 1878, fasc. 3 was purchased; in 1888, 52 species of his "Herbarium Ruborum Scandinaviie." 80 species, forming first two fasciculi of Nordstedt and Wahlstedt's Scandinavian " Characese " : purchased; in 1875, fasc. 3 was purchased. 1873. 3000 British plants : presented by Dr. Trimen. 432 Burmese cryptogams collected and presented by S. Kurz. 900 species, forming nine centuries of Karsten's " Fungi Fennise " : purchased. 595 plants from Suez, Arabia and East Africa collected by Hildebrandt: purchased; in 1874, 264 plants from Zanzibar were purchased; in 1875, 411 East African; in 1878, 357; in 1883, 707 from Madagascar; in 1884, 63. 525 Calif ornian plants collected by Kellogg : purchased. The Moss herbarium of William Wilson was purchased. 564 plants from Madagascar collected by Hilsenberg and Bojer : purchased. 458 Madeiran plants collected by Mandon : purchased. 384 Mexican plants collected by Ghiesbreght : purchased. 375 grasses collected by Trinius : purchased. 400 mosses from Normandy prepared by Etienne : purchased 1873, 1875. 256 New Caledonian plants collected by Yieillard and Deplanche : purchased. 240 plants from Greece and Crete collected by Heldreich : purchased; in 1875, 255 plants were purchased; in 1886, 87; in 1888, 100 ; in 1889, 323 ; in 1896, 100; in 1897, 100. 134 ferns from Guadeloupe collected by L'Herminier : pur- chased. Botany. 103 106 Glumaceiie and 270 cryptogams from the Antilles collected hy Husnot : purchased. Three centuries of Plowright's " Sphseriacel Britannici " : pur- . based 1873, 1875, 1879. 100 Welsh lichens collected by Rev. W. A. Leighton : pur- ( 'lased; in 1875, 130 were purchased. 60 West Australian plants collected by Brewer : purchased ; in 1893, 354 were acquired. Mougeot and Nestler's cryptogamic plants of the Vosges (15 c aituries) : purchased. 100 specimens of fungi prepared by J. English. 1874. 506 plants and a series of fruits from Hong Ivong collected and presented by the Rev. James Lamont. Herbarium of North Lancashire plants presented by ISIiss E. Hodgson. 250 plants from Brisbane collected by Amaha Dietrich : purchased. 209 ferns from Samoa, Tonga and Viti collected l)y E. Graeffe : purchased. 150 Tyrolese lichens collected by F. Arnold : purchased. 29 fascicles of Rehms' " Ascomyceten " were purchased between the years 1874 and 1902. 100 Russian plants collected by Meinshausen : purchased ; the following year, 100 were purchased. 24 cryptogams from Spitzbergen collected by the Rev. A. E. Eaton : presented; in 1876, 139 cryptogams from the Cape and 124 from Kerguelen's Land were presented. 1875. 254 Indian plants collected and presented by C. B. Clarke, Esq. ; in 1879, 951 plants were presented; in 1881, 2,651 and a set of Cyrtandrace* ; in 1882, 2,335; in 1883, 182: in 1888, 910 ; in 1889, 190 ; in 1890, 26 ; in 1891, 2,369 ; in 1892, 312 ; in 1893,490; in 1897, 564. 510 South African plants collected and presented by P. Mac- Owan, Esq.; in 1876, 400 species were purchased; in 1886, 200 473 British plants collected and presented by Miss Chandler. 104 Botany. 301 Chinese plants collected and presented by F. B. Forbes, Esq. Herbarium of Indian ferns of Col. Beddome : purchased ; in 1885, nearly 10,000 plants were purchased ; in 1887, 58 mosses ; in 1890, 706 plants. 773 Chilian plants collected by E. C. Reed : purchased. 667 lichens from New Granada, being Lindig's study set : purchased. 600 German fungi collected by Fuckel : purchased. Sixteen centuries of P. A. Saccardo's " Mycotheca Veneta": purchased between the years 1875 and 1881. 450 specimens, Nylander and Norrlin's " Herbarium Lichenum Fenniae": purchased 1875-1882. Twenty-three centuries of Thiimen's " Mycotheca Univer- salis" : purchased between the years 1875 and 1884. The following were purchased from E. F. Nolte's Herbarium : 1,285 plants from Schleswig-Holstein collected by Hansen ; 1,000 Scandinavian plants forming Fries' " Herbarium Normale " ; 865 species forming Funck's " Cryptogamische Gewachse " ; 611 plants from Greenland and Iceland, collected by Yahl and Hornemann ; 200 German lichens prepared by Florke and 100 vascular crypto- gams by Reichenbach ; 200 algae of East Friesland prepared by Jurgens; 180 Oriental plants collected by Forskal ; 150 North American lichens and 82 New England plants collected by Tuckerman ; a large collection of Potamogeton, 52 species of Batrachium and 14 species of Najas ; and a number of types of plants described by Cavanilles, Delile, Thuillier, Allioni and others. 100 plants forming George Don's " Herbarium Britannicum " : purchased. 1876. The study set of Robert Brown's Australian plants and other specimens : bequeathed by J. J. Bennett. The second set of Welwitsch's African plants was acquired. The moss herbarium of James Dickson : purchased. 360 plants from the Island of Rodriguez, collected by Dr. Bayley Balfour during the Transit of Venus expedition : pre- sented by the Royal Society; in 1879, a set of cellular plants was presented. 294 Formosan plants collected and presented by the Rev. W. Campbell. Botany, 105 200 plants from New Zealand collected and presented by Sir James Hector. 160 palms from the Amazon region collected and presented by Dr. J. Trail. 149 Cape plants collected and presented by Dr. Hahn. 1877. The Herbarium of Robert James Shuttleworth, containing more than 170,000 specimens from all parts of the world; purchased. It included Roemer's Herbarium, and extensive collections made by Shuttleworth, in Europe ; by Frivaldsky, in Turkey ; Richter, in Hungary ; Mabille and Debeaux, in Corsica ; Bourgeau, in the Balearic Islands, Spanish Pyrenees and Rhodes ; Willkomm, in South Spain ; Auzendli and others, in Algiers ; Du Parquet, in Egypt ; Aucher-Eloy and Kotschy, in the Levant ; beside the published series of Reichenbach, Fries, Huet du Pavilion, &c., greatly enhanced in value by numerous critical notes by Shuttleworth. A very large number of North American plants collected by Lindheimer, Beyrich, Fendler, Blodgett, and especially by Rugel ; Mexican plants collected by Jurgensen, Hartweg and Berlandier ; and South American collections made by Hostmann, Linden, Gardner, Jameson, Mathews and others. The Asiatic portion contained a very fine and extensive series of the plants of Zollinger, from Java and Japan ; of Kollmann, from Java ; of Cuming, from the Philippines ; of Fortune, from China ; of Walker and Lobb, from Singapore ; of Campbell, Christie, Heifer and Wallich, from India ; and of Karelin and Kiriloff, from Dzungaria. The African collections comprise the plants of Schimper and Kotschy, from Nubia and Abyssinia ; of Brunner, from Senegal and the Cape Verde Islands; and of Drege, Krauss and others from South Africa. The Australian collections include the plants of Drummond, Preiss and Sieber. The cryptogams, which number 20,000, con- tain the collections of Schaerer, Desmazieres, Mougeot and Nestler, Kiitzing, Crome, Rugel, Braun, Schmidt and Kunze, AYartmann and Schenk, Salwey and many others. The herbarium of Hepaticse, formed by Hampe, containing upwards of 6,000 specimens : purchased ; in 1881, Hanipe's moss herbarium of about 25,000 specimens was purchased. 1,098 plants collected by H. N. Moseley during the CJiaUcngcr expedition : presented by the Lords of the Treasury ; the following year, 1,606 plants were presented. 106 Botany. 1878. 230 AVest tropical African plants collected by Kalbreyer and presented by Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons; in 1885, 20 plants were presented. 114 Brazilian plants collected by E. Warming : presented. 570 plants from the Samoan Islands collected hy Rca'. S. J. Whitmee : purchased. 439 plants from Paraguay collected by Balansa : purchased ; in 1885, 914 plants were purchased. 400 plants from East Lapland collected by Fellman : pur- chased. 300 Grecian plants collected by Pichler : purchased. Twenty-nine fasciculi of Wittrock and Nordstedt's " Algse aquae dulcis exsiccata; " : purchased between the years 1878 and 1897. Eight centuries of Ravenel's " Fungi Americani" : purchased between the years 1878 and 1882. 175 plants from Uruguay and 136 from the Argentine Republic, collected by Lorentz : purchased. 3,497 Syrian plants collected by G. E. Post : acquired at various dates between 1878 and 1902. 78 ferns from Trinidad collected by Fendler : purchased ; in 1880, 50 ferns were purchased; in 1881, 642 plants; in 1891, 43 cryptogams were received. Kunze's " Fungi Selecti " (410 specimens) : purchased 1878-81. 1879. The extensive herbarium formed by John Miers : bequeathed ; in 1880, 170 Brazilian woods together with spirit specimens of Burmanniacese, etc., were presented by his son; in 1887, 2,006 ferns. Edward Newman's fern herbarium was presented by his son. 230 plants from North Borneo, collected by F. W. Burbidge and presented by Messrs. Yeitch. A collection of plants from Damara-Land, made by T. G. Een : purchased. 490 South African mosses collected by A. Rehmann : pur- chased ; in 1881, 942 plants were purchased; in 1883, 1,234; in 1886, 697 mosses; in 1890, 106 hepatics. 315 plants from New Zealand collected by S. Berggren : purchased ; in 1889, 58 fresh-water algae were purchased. Botany, 107 Three centuries of Oudeman's "Fungi Neerlandici '' : pur- chased 1879-80. 68 plants from the Eastern Archipelago collected by H. 0. Forbes : purchased ; in 1880, 165 plants were purchased ; in 1883, 1,500 plants together with a series of fruits; in 1884, 990 plants and 120 fruits; in 1886, 911 plants and 74 woods ; in 1888, 1,020 plants. 31 South American plants collected by F. Simons : purchased ; in 1880, 25 plants were purchased; in 1881^ 150. 1880. 422 plants from Kurrum Valley, Afghanistan, collected and presented by Dr. J. E. T. Aitchison; in 1881, 196 plants were presented; in 1887, a set of plants collected during the Afghan Boundary Expedition. 1,602 British plants collected and presented by T. R. Archer Briggs, Esq., between 1880 and 1891. 2,482 British plants collected by A. French : purchased. 984 North African plants collected by Gandoger : purchased. 1,464 European lichens, chiefly British, and 189 preparations of cellular plants, purchased of W. Joshua ; and 850 cryptogamic slides purchased 1881-86. 468 Spanish plants collected by Huter, Porta and Rigo ; in 1891, 497 ; in 1892, 478 : purchased; in 1886, 168 plants of the Balearic Islands were purchased. 443 Italian plants collected by Strobl : purchased. 300 European alga; collected by A. Le Jolis : purchased. 177 plants from the Argentine Republic collected by Hierony- mus : purchased. 151 plants from Dzungaria collected by Schrenk : purchased. 144 ferns from Madagascar collected by G. Shaw : purchased. 800 Sicilian plants collected by Lojacono : purchased at intervals between 1880 and 1888. 1881. 1,027 South African plants collected and presented by Harry Bolus, Esq. ; in 1896, 70 plants were presented. British, European and other plants presented by A. Bennett, Esq. Similar contributions have been made by Mr. Bennett at intervals up to the present time. 34 specimens from the Botanic Gardens, Saharanpur : pre- sented by J. F. Duthie, Esq. ; in 1882, 187 Himalayan plants 108 Botany, were presented; in 1884, 590 Indian plants were acquired by exchange; in 1885, 350; in 1886, 276 ; in 1887, 1 4 cryptogams ; in 1888, 301 plants; in 1889, 349 plants were presented; in 1891, 120; in 1895, 641 flowering plants and 98 cryptogams from Kashmir ; in 1896, 352 from Kashmir and 100 from Pamir ; in 1897, 150 North- West Indian cryptogams ; in 1898, 735 plants ; in 1899, 95; in 1900, 291 cryptogams. A collection of Japanese woods was presented by J. Bisset, Esq. ; in 1882, an extensive plant collection was presented ; in 1889, 109 cryptogams. 52 plants from Sussex, collected and presented by F. C. S. Roper, Esq. ; and 80 in 1882. 345 British plants collected. by G. C. Druce, Esq., were pre- sented by him betAveen the years 1881 and 1902. 1,554 North American flowering plants collected by A. H. Curtiss : purchased from 1881 to 1887; and 136 algae: pur- chased, 1896-98. 1882. 461 British plants presented by the Rev. AV. H. Painter ; others presented in 1883, 1884, and 1894, amounting in all to 1,730. 392 British plants from C. Bailey, Esq. ; in 1883, 116; in 1884, 97 : presented. 1,962 Mexican plants collected by C. C. Parry and G. Yasey : purchased. A collection of 1,155 preparations of Diatoms, made by Rev. E. O'Meara, was purchased. 500 European Cryptogamia collected by P. Sintenis : purchased. 475 plants from Arizona, etc., collected by J. G. Lemmon : purchased : in 1884, 605 plants were purchased : in 1886, 204. 300 plants from Washington Territory, collected by W. A. Suksdorf : purchased; in 1883, 219 plants were purchased; in 1884, 155; in 1886, 208 plants from Colorado. 200 algce from Mauritius collected by Robillard : purchased. 550 microscope-preparations of Belgian diatoms, forming ser. 1-22 of Van Heurck's "Types du Synopsis des Diatomees" : purchased at intervals between the years 1882 and 1885. 1883. 538 American plants presented by F. C. S. Roper, Esq. 373 plants from Socotra, collected and presented by Prof. Bayley Balfour. Botany. 109 27 Australian orchids presented by R. D. Fitzgerald, Esq. ; in 1885, 8, and in 1891, 200 orchids were acquired by presenta- tion and exchange. ' 228 Chinese plants collected by Dr. Bretschneider : acquired by exchange. 83 species of North American plants : acquired by exchange from Prof. Asa Gray; in 1884, 55 plants were acquired; in 1886, 14 were presented. 830 Caucasian plants collected by Brotherus : purchased. 700 plants from New Zealand collected by T. Kirk : purchased ; in 1897, 90 plants were presented. 531 plants from Madagascar collected by the Rev. R. Baron : purchased ; in 1884, 227 plants were purchased; in 1886, 379 ; in 1887, 124; in 1894, 196. 497 alg?e from Morocco collected by Schousboe : pur- chased. The Rev. Hugh Davies's herbarium, containing the type- specimens of his " Welsh Botanologia " : purchased. An arranged collection of British mosses made by the Rev. H. H. Wood : purchased. 450 plants from Madagascar collected by the Rev. W. Deans Cowan : purchased; in 1885, 25 plants : purchased. 368 Californian plants collected by S. B. Parish : purchased ; in 1897, 110 plants were purchased; in 1898, 100. 340 South African plants collected by Ecklon and Zeyher : purchased. 250 French mosses collected by Roze and Bescherelle : purchased. 290 specimens, forming the four fascicles of Carrington and Pearson's " Hepatica3 Britannicre exsiccataj " : purchased between the years 1883 and 1890. 100 slides of Delogne's " Diatomees de Belgique " : purchased. 250 specimens, forming fasc. 1-10 of E. M. Holmes's " Algo& Britannicre rariores " : purchased between the years 1883 and 1900. 22 orchids and 3 aroids were presented by Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons ; similar presentations, including 280 orchids and 50 pitcher plants, were subsequently received. 1884. Robert Pocock's herbarium of Kentish plants, j^resented by G. M. Arnold, Esq. ] 1 Botany, A large collection of Indian plants, presented by A. P. Young, Esq. 482 plants and IG fruits from the United States and Mexico collected and presented by William Carruthers, Esq. 257 Kirkcudbright plants, collected and presented by F. E. Coles, Esq. i 253 Australian plants collected and presented by the Rev. James Lamont ; in 1890, 109 were presented ; in 1891, 96 mosses. 112 plants from St. Helena collected and presented by F. E. Grant, Esq. 110 plants from Shetland and Orkney collected and presented by Rev. W. E. Smith. 193 British plants collected and presented by W. H, Beeby, Esq., between 1884 and 1891. The British herbarium and cryptogamic collection formed by Dr. J. F. Young were transferred from Kew Herbarium, together with the Botanical Record Club's collections of British plants ; in 1885 and 1887, further instalments were presented by the club. 952 South African plants collected by J. Medley Wood ; in 1885, 128 were acquired; in 1886, 138; in 1888, 89; in 1889, 66 ; in 1890, 111 ; in 1892, 117 ; in 1894, 116 ; in 1895, 113 ; in 1897, 158; in 1898, 95; in 1900, 138; in 1901, 118. 121 specimens of A. Engler's " Aracese exsiccatte": acquired by exchange ; the following year, 100 specimens were acquired. The extensive collection of Roses formed by Alfred Deseglise, containing his type species and the materials on which his numerous monographs were based : purchased. An arranged collection of about 7000 alga? and 372 slides of diatoms, formed by G. Dickie : purchased. 2,745 North American phanerogams and 164 cryptogams, collected by Marcus E. Jones: purchased; in 1887, 696 phane- rogams and 28 cryptogams were purchased; in 1896, 1,146 phanerogams and 112 cryptogams; in 1898, 1,519 phanerogams and 141 cryptogams. 976 plants from Asia Minor, collected by P. Sintenis : pur- chased ; in 1892, 362 Turkish plants were purchased; in 1893, ''Iter orientale"; in 1895, 300 plants from Asia Minor; in 1896, 239 from Armenia; in 1899, 1,585 from Porto Rico; in 1900, 1,011 ; in 1902, "Iter transcaspico-persicum," cent. 1-4. 4,900 specimens, forming centuries 1-49 of Sydow's "Myco- Botany. Ill theca Marchica " : purchased at intervals within, the years 1884-99. 483 Mexican plants collected by Schaftner : purchased. 421 plants from Borneo collected by Grabowski : purchased. Four centuries of Peter's " Hieracia Nregeliana" : purchased, 1885, 1886. 289 Mexican plants collected by Kerber : purchased ; the following year, 400 plants were purchased. 1885. 617 South African plants presented by the Rev. W. Moyle Rogers. G. Maw, Esq., presented his collection of Crocus, consisting of 416 species, illustrating his monograph of the genus. 315 plants collected by E. F. im Thurn during the expedition to Roraima, British Guiana : presented. 313 plants from Morocco presented by John Ball, Esq. 299 Tropical African plants collected by Sir H, H. Johnston : presented; in 1887, 109 plants w^ere presented ; in 1893, 54. 210 British fruits and seeds collected and presented by Clement Reid, Esq. ; from 1890 to 1902, 183 were presented. 116 Indian plants collected and presented by J. S. Gamble, Esq. ; in 1887, 747 plants were presented. 28 Italian plants collected and presented by H. Groves, Esq. : in 1887, 511 plants were purchased.' 10 orchids grown in the Botanic Gardens, Dublin, were pre- sented by F. W. Moore, Esq. ; in 1887, 59 were presented; and over 100 since. 1,072 plants from Japan, China, and Manchuria, collected by Maximowicz, and 663 Turkestan plants collected by Regel, were acquired by exchange from the Imperial Botanic Gardens, St. Petersburg; in 1890, 467 plants collected by Maximowicz were similarly acquired. 593 specimens of Kerner's " Flora exsiccata Austro-Hun- garica " were acquired by exchange ; further instalments were acquired at various dates. 355 Javanese plants collected by Blume and others : acquired ])y exchange. 120 Californian plants collected by E. L. Greene; in 1886, 59 plants were acquired ; in 1895, 185. 2,275 South American plants collected hy R. Pearce : purchased. 112 Botany. 1,162 Arabian plants collected by H. C. Hart. 437 plants from the Comoro Islands collected by L. Humblot : purchased; in 1887, 159 were purchased. 200 specimens from MacOwan and Bolus' " Herbarium Normale Austro-Africanum " ; in 1887, 200; in 1888, 300; in 1889, 211 ; in 1891, 100; in 1892, 100; in 1893, 200; in 1896, 135; in 1898, 73; in 1899, 200. 315 Australasian algte collected by Harvey : purchased ; in 1900, 67 algae were acquired by exchange with Trinity College, DubHn. 165 specimens of Austin's " Hepaticse Americanse " : pur- chased; in 1893, 45 specimens were acquired by exchange. 160 East Friesland cryptogams, chiefly mosses, prepared by Eiben : purchased, 1870, 1885. 154 East Tropical African plants collected by the Rev. W. E. Taylor: purchased; in 1886, 929 plants were purchased; in 1887, 1,459 ; in 1888, 670. 144 South African Iridae from Zeyher and Pappe's collection : purchased. 129 Bedfordshire mosses collected by J. Saunders : purchased. 135 specimens, forming lief. 1-6 of Herpell's " Sammlung priiparirten Hutpilze " : purchased between the years 1885 and 1892. 230 species, forming fasc. 1-5 of Earlow, Anderson and Eaton's " Algse exsiccatse Americse Borealis " : purchased between the years 1885 and 1889. 1886. An arranged collection of about 40,000 British and foreign fungi, containing many type species : bequeathed by C. E. Broome, Esq. 1,323 Australian plants, with several fruits, gums, etc., col- lected and presented by the Rev. T. S. Lea ; the following year, 54 Australian and 125 Hawaiian plants were presented. 209 Japanese plants collected and presented by C. Maries, Esq. 191 plants from Uruguay presented by J. C. Mansel-Pleydell, Esq. 186 ferns from Perak collected by the Rev. B. Scortechini : presented ; the following year, 49 species of Loranthus and Ficus were presented. 156 plants from Manitoba collected and presented by R. Miller Christy, Esq. Botany. 113 74 Indian plants collected by G. Watt : presented ; the fol- lowing year, 174 gatherings of Arctic diatoms and 5G Indian algae were presented. 523 Australian algge collected by J. Bracebridge Wilson, and presented from time to time, 1886-93. Plants from Western America and the Pacific Islands col- lected by Archibald Menzies, with the herbarium formed by Zier : acquired by exchange. 188 specimens of Ficus, 26 of Pedicularis, and 21 of Primula were acquired, by presentation and exchange, from Sir G. King and Major D. Prain, successive directors of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta; in 1887, 86 Indian and Malayan plants; in 1888, 447 ; in 1889, 415 ; in 1890, 375 ; in 1891, 613 ; in 1892, 338; in 1893, 537; in 1894, 670; in 1895, 748; in 1896, 453; in 1897, 798; in 1898, 824; in 1899, 161; in 1900, 513; in 1901, 380; in 1902, 250. 29 Canadian fruits collected by Profs. John and James M. Macoun; in 1887, 1,427 North American plants; in 1888, 294 ; in 1889, 234; in 1891, 1,122; in 1893, 207; in 1894, 534; in 1895, 101 ; in 1896, 333; in 1897, 75. 2,051 mosses and hepatics, chiefly species described by Dr. S. O. Lindberg : purchased. 1,347 plants from the Himalayas and Tibet, collected by the brothers Schlagintweit : purchased; in 1900, 703 plants were purchased. 1,300 specimens, forming thirteen centuries of Mougeot, Dupray, and Roumeguere's " Algues de la France," together with three supplementary centuries of " Reliquiae Brebissonianse " : purchased between the years 1886 and 1892. 450 "Bryaceae Scandinaviae exsiccatae," in 15 fascicles, by Hartman : purchased. 447 Californian plants collected by C. R. Orcutt : purchased ; the following year, 400 plants were purchased. 424 Mexican plants collected by C. G. Pringle : purchased ; in 1889, 158 were purchased : in 1890, 358; in 1893, 534; in 1894, 255 ; in 1895, 429 ; in 1896, 225 ; in 1897, 300 ; in 1898, 160 ; in 1899, 160; in 1900, 260; in 1901, 190. 362 Grecian plants collected by Orphanides : purchased ; in 1887, 360 were purchased ; in 1890, 320. 215 plants from New Mexico collected by E. Palmer: pur- chased ; in 1887, 683 Mexican plants were purchased ; in 1888, 453 Californian ; in 1889, 160 were presented ; in 1893, 29 VOL. I. I 114 Botany, Mexican Malvacea3 were presented ; in 1895, 302 Mexican plants were purchased; in 1896, 280 plants and 22 fruits; in 1898, 680 plants ; in 1899, 423. 197 plants from the Pacific Coast collected hy T. Howell : purchased. 750 specimens, forming fasc. 1-15 of Hauck and Richter's " Phykotheka universalis " : purchased between the years 1886- 1896. 200 specimens, forming fasc. 1-4 of De Toni and Levi- Morenos' " Phycotheca Italica " : purchased between the years 1886 and 1892. Wittrock's "Erythrfeaj exsiccatse" (fasc. 1, 2) : purchased; in 1890j fasc. 3, 4 were purchased. 1887. 750 plants from Pernambuco, collected and presented by the Rev. T. S. Lea, Messrs. H. N. Ridley, and G. A. Ramage, and 200 plants from Fernando de Noronlia collected by Mr. Ridley and presented by the Royal Society. 160 plants from Demerara and 86 from British Guiana, col- lected and presented by G. S. Jenman, Esq. : in 1890, 367 plants from British Guiana were presented. 294 British plants presented by the Rev. T. A. Preston. 101 Jamaican plants collected by AV. Fawcett, Esq., and acquired by exchange; in 1888-1893, collections of fruits and seeds were presented; in 1889, 129 plants; in 1896, 84 crypto- gams; in 1897, 191 plants; in 1898, 52 ferns; in 1899, 167 plants; in 1900, 85 ferns; in 1901, 100 plants. 198 Portuguese plants acquired by exchange. The British herbaria of Thomas Moore and Thomas Knowlton, and Rev. Kirby Trimmer's herbarium of British mints, received from the Director, Royal Gardens, Kew. The herbarium of Dr. H. F. Hance, containing the types of the Chinese plants described by him : purchased. Maze's marine algas of Guadeloupe, 1,509 specimens: pur- chased. 642 plants from Malasia and Abyssinia collected by O. Beccari : purchased. 580 Central and South American plants collected by F. Lehmann: purchased; in 1888, 806 plants were purchased; in 1890, 1,975. Botany, 115 289 Galitzian plants collected by B. Blocki : puicbised ; in 1888, 240 Polish plants were purchased ; in 1894, 96 Galitzian. 176 plants from Nyasa-land collected by W. Bellinghani : j)urchased. 1888. 819 plants from the Eastern Archipelago, collected l)y T. Lobb and presented by H. J. Veitch, Esq. ; in 1894, 400 plants, chiefly ferns and pitcher-plants from Borneo, were purchased. 530 plants from Africa and Syria, collected and presented by Dr. Schweinfurth ; in 1890, 179 Arabian plants were acquired by exchange. 440 South African plants collected and presented l)y G. F. Scott Elliott, Esq. ; in 1889, 67 cryptogams from Madagascar; in 1890, 118 plants; in 1892, 456 North African plants and 246 from Sierra Leone; in 1893, 1,158 from Sierra Leone; in 1895, a collection from Ruwenzori. 305 plants, with 95 woods and 25 fruits, etc., from the Bahamas, collected by Baron Eggers and presented by a joint committee of the Royal Society and the British Association ; in 1900, 268 plants from St. Domingo were purchased. 245 European fungi, chiefly British, presented by W. AV. Strickland, Esq. 161 Cyrenian plants collected and presented by "W. Barbey, Esq. 145 plants from St. Thomas, West Africa, presented by Prof. Henriques. 68 British plants collected and presented by the Rev. E. S. Marshall; in 1889, 254 plants were presented ; in 1890, 209 ; in 1891, 306; in 1892, 261 ; in 1893, 390; in 1895, 431 ; in 1896, 342; in 1898, 348; in 1899, 247 ; in 1900, 203 ; in 1001, 352; in 1902, 280. 807 South American plants collected by H. H. Rusby : purchased: in 1893, 29 cryptogams were purchased: in 1895, 251 plants; in 1896, 377. A collection of plants from Nyasa, made by John Buchanan : purchased: in 1893, 690 plants and 52 woods, etc.: purchased: in 1896, 435 plants. 650 slides of Diatomacete, prepared by 11. L. Smith, and 114 by Norman : purchased. 172 Brazilian plants, with spechnens of fruits, woods, etc., collected by G. A. Ramage : purchased ; in 1889, 398 plants from 1 2 116 Botany. Dominica were presented by a joint committee of the Ptoyal Society and the British Association; in 1890, 87. Hough's sections of American woods : purchased ; 1887-1902. 1,390 herbarium specimens and 690 microscope preparations of British algne, prepared by T. H. Buff ham : purchased at various dates between the years 1888-96. 33 fascicles of P. Sydows' " Uredineen," containing 1,650 specimens ; purchased at various times since 1888. 1889. A herbarium of 2,383 lichens, formed and presented by Horatio Piggot, Esq., including Dr. Deakin's collection; in 1890, 53 British fungi were presented. 455 Australian algae collected and presented by G. Clifton, Esq., R.N. ; the following year, 110 algae were presented. 228 cryptogams presented by J. D. Llewellyn, Esq. 213 Malaysian plants collected and presented by H. N. Ridley, Esq. ; in 1890, 629 plants were presented ; in 1891, 758 ; in 1893, 4,096 ; in 1894, 1,877 ; in 1895, 14 fruits, etc. ; in 1896, 841 plants and 345 woods; in 1898, 180 plants; in 1899, 79; in 1901, 70 plants and 86 woods, etc. 52 slides of Indian fungi, prepared and presented by Surg.- Major A. Barclay; in 1890, 30 slides were presented; in 1892, 505 slides and a large collection of herbarium specimens were purchased. 35 algse from Madras collected and presented by E. Thurston, Esq. ; in 1902, 102 marine phanerogams and algae were presented. A series of algae from the Baltic, collected by Prof. Reinke, was acquired by exchange. 4,429 microscope preparations, chiefly of cryptogams, made by Prof, de Bary : purchased. 2,928 species, being the plants of Haussknecht's "Iter Graecum " : purchased. A collection of ferns from Assam, made by C. W. Hope : purchased. A small collection of plants from Kina Balu, North Borneo, formed by J. Whitehead : purchased; in 1897, 152 plants from the Philippines were presented. 390 plants from Spain and Portugal, collected by Rev. R. P. Murray : purchased ; in 1898, 400 plants from the Canary Islands were purchased ; in 1900, 139 plants were presented. Botany, 117 208 Mexican plants collected by W. Schumann : purchased. 121 preparations of fossil plants from Sir J. D. Hooker : purchased. 100 plants from Stanley Falls, Congo, collected by F. Hens: purchased. Briosi and Cavara's "I Funghi Parassiti " : purchased, 1888- 1900. 1890. The herbarium formed by Dr. R. McCormick, R.N., and containing plants collected during Parry's Arctic Expedition, 1827, Ross's Voyage of the Erebus and Terror, and the Expedition in search of Franklin : bequeathed. 3,137 microscope-slides of cryptogams, being the collection of John Ralfs, Esq.: presented by his son; in 1892, his crypto- gamic herbarium of 1,968 specimens : purchased. The herbarium of G. M. Ferro : presented by the Director, Royal Gardens, Kew. 221 Cape algas collected and presented by L. A. Boodle, Esq. 130 plants from the Andes collected and presented by E. Whymper, Esq. 452 plants from the Sandwich Islands collected by Hillebrand : acquired by exchange. 603 Bolivian plants collected by M. Bang: purchased; in 1892, 510 plants were purchased ; in 1893, 452. 469 plants from Asia Minor collected by J. Bornmiillcr : purchased; in 1891, 317 Anatolian plants were purchased; in 1894, 315; in 1895, 208 Persian plants; in 1896, 442; in 1897, 279. Three fasciculi of Dahlstedt's " Hieracia exsiccata " : pur- chased ; the following year, fasc. 4 was purchased. 243 Malayan plants collected by C. Curtis: purchased; in 1891, 200 were presented ; in 1894, 133. 194 plants from Honduras collected by Rev. J. Robertson: purchased. 155 cryptogams from Tonkin collected by Balansa: purchased. 113 plants from Natal collected by Mrs. C. S. Clarke: purchased. 1891. 420 plants from Gwalior collected and presented by C. Maries, Esq. 118 Botany. 160 ferns from St. Yincent collected by H. H. and G. W. Smith : presented by a joint committee of the Royal Society and the British Association ; in 1892, 190 plants were presented; in 1893, 295. A collection of ferns from Grenada made by R. V. Sherring was presented by the same committee. 60 algfe, being the types of Bornet and Flahault's " Revision des Nostocacees " : presented by Prof. Flahault. 23 Cape cryptogams collected and presented by W. Tyson, Esq. ; in 1892, 69 cryptogams were presented; in 1893, 166; in 1894, 57; in 1895, 63; in 1896, 23. The cryptogamic herbarium formed by H. AY. Ravenel and consisting of 1,950 mosses and hepatics, 4,500 lichens, 1,100 alga? and 7,000 fungi : purchased. Herbarium of 4,490 species of plants from New Granada, formed by Jose Triana : purchased. 2,706 West Chinese plants collected by Dr. A. Henry : pur- chased ; in 1895, 384 Formosan plants were purchased. 1,350 North Chilian plants collected by August Borchers : purchased. 601 plants from Szechuen and the Tibetan frontier, collected by A. E. Pratt: purchased; in the following year, 170 plants Avere purchased. 1,700 species, forming thirty-four fasciculi of Krieger's " Fungi Saxonici" : purchased from time to time since 1891. 300 British fungi collected by G. Massee : purchased. 201 plants from Madagascar collected by J. Cloisel : pur- chased. 189 plants from Paraguay collected by T. Morong : purchased ; in 1892, 340 plants were purchased; in 1894, 79 plants and 3 fruits. 100 mosses, forming first century of Ule's " Bryotheca Bra- siliensis": purchased; in 1895, cent. 2 was purchased; in 1899, 445 Brazilian cryptogams. 1892. George Davies's herbarium of about 20,000 British and exotic cryptogams presented. 199 North American cryptogams presented by Prof. Farlow ; in 1895, 59 lichens were presented. 234 characese from Alex. Braun's herbarium were acquired by exchange. Botany, 119 100 Appalachian mosses collected by Austin : acquired ]jy exchange. 565 specimens forming AVainio's " Lichenes Brasilienses exsiccati " : purchased, 348 Dahurian plants collected by F. Karo : purchased. 590 specimens, forming eleven fasciculi of Seymour and Earle's " Economic Fungi," with supplement : purchased at intervals between the years 1892 and 1900. 1 50 preparations of " Champignons de France " by Tempere and Dutertre : purchased; the following year, 100 more were purchased. 250 specimens, forming five jDugilli of Cavara's " Fungi Longo- bardise exsiccati" : purchased between 1892 and 1896. 30 species, forming fasc. 1 of H. and J. Groves's " Characeae Britannicse " : purchased; in 1900, fasc. 2 was purchased. Revs. E. F. and W. R. Linton's fascicles of " British Rubi " : purchased 1892-97; similar sets of Willows and Hieracia were purchased between 1895 and 1901. 150 specimens of Migula, Sydow and Wahlstedt's " Characeae exsiccatse," 6 fascicles : purchased between 1892 and 1901. 1893. The collection of Diatomacere made by Mr. Julien Deby : purchased. Edward Jenner's herbarium of algae, containing over 6,000 specimens : purchased. 1,097 cellular plants collected by W. R. Elliott in Dominica and St. Vincent were presented by a joint committee of the Royal Society and the British Association. A collection of plants from East Equatorial Africa made and presented by Dr. J. W. Gregory. 472 plants from Borneo, collected by G. Haviland ; in 1894, 261 ; in 1895, 200 ; in 1896 (with C. Hose), 108. 220 plants from Milanji, Nyasa, collected by A. Whyte, Esq., and presented by Sir H. H. Johnston. 138 West Australian and 72 Corean plants, collected and presented by J. H. Veitch, Esq. 133 plants from Uruguay collected by O. V. Aplin, Esq. 99 South African plants collected by Rudolf Schlechter : acquired by exchange ; in 1894, 101 plants were purcliased ; in 1895, 96; in 1897, 1,010; in 1898, 1,120; in 1899, 540; in 1901, 445. 120 Botany. 299 West Australian plants collected by J. A. Brewer : pur- chased. 235 cryptogams from the Cameroons, collected by Dusen : purchased. 231 specimens, forming nine fasciculi of Husnot's " Hepaticfe Gallise": purchased in 1893 and 1901. 350 specimens lienauld and Cardot's " Musci America? septen- trionalis" in 7 fascicles: purchased at intervals between 1893 and 1901. 699 mosses, 597 lichens and 166 fungi, from Labrador and Newfoundland, collected by Rev. A. C. Waghorne : purchased at various times, 1893-99. 1894. Herbarium of 883 specimens of British fresh- water alga>, formed by Dr. A. H. Hassall : presented. 233 slides of Mycetozoa prepared and presented by A. Lister, Esq.; in 1895, 832 slides, 397 herbarium and 112 exhibition specimens were presented; in 1898, 88 specimens and 28 slides; in 1901, 22 specimens and 5 slides. 173 plants from Hadramaut, Arabia, collected by W. Lunt ; presented. 94 plants from Kolguev Island, collected and presented by A. Trevor Battye, Esq. 110 African plants collected by C. Hoist: acquired by ex- change with the Royal Botanic Museum, Berlin ; the following from various collectors were similarly acquired : 298 Tropical African plants, 46 Japanese and 292 cellular cryptogams; in 1895, 442 Tropical African plants; in 1896, 928 plants from the Cameroons and Argentine Republic; in 1897, 384 cryptogams from Asia, Africa and South America ; in 1900, 916 plants. 108 slides of British Hepaticee, prepared by Mrs. Tindall : ac- quired by exchange ; the following year, 159 slides were acquired. 1,100 specimens of plants from Matto Grosso, Brazil, collected by S. Moore : purchased. 500 specimens of Eriksson's " Fungi parasitici Scandinavici '■ : purchased. 161 Oriental plants collected by J. Wagner : purchased. 125 Bulgarian plants collected by Stiibfny : purchased ; in 1895, 118 plants were purchased ; in 1899, 68 ; in 1902, 240. 300 specimens, forming 6 fascicles of P. Sydow's " Ustila- gineen": purchased at various dates since 1894. Botany. 121 1895. 246 East Tropical African plants collected and presented by Dr. Donaldson Smith; in 1900, 210 plants were presented. 213 East African plants collected and presented l)y F. J. Jackson, Esq. Prof. D. H. Campbell presented 146 microscope-slides, illustra- ting his researches on archegoniate plants. 108 British plants collected and presented by W. A. Shool- bred, Esq. ; in 1898, 96 plants were presented. The first portion, consistmg of 5,000 specimens of the Stephani collection of Hepaticae : purchased; in the following year, the concluding portion, consisting of 6,920 specimens, was purchased. 1,233 plants and 68 woods from Kilimanjaro collected by AV. Volkens : purchased. 400 species, forming first four centuries of Rehmann and Woloszczak's " Flora Polonica exsiccata": purchased; centuries 5-9 were acquired later. 348 plants from South Texas and 297 from the Sandwich Islands collected by A. A. Heller: purchased; in 1896, 249 plants from Hawaii were purchased ; in 1897, 277 from New Mexico. 300 plants from Coolgardie, West Australia, collected by S. Moore : purchased. 1,075 specimens, forming twenty -three fasciculi of Collins, Holden, and Setchell's " Phycotheca Boreali- Americana," with supplements : purchased at various dates between 1895 and the present time. 350 specimens, forming seven fasciculi of Jaczewski, Komarov and Tranzschel's " Fungi Rossise exsiccati " : purchased between the years 1895 and 1900. 100 species, forming first two fasciculi of Tiselius' " Potamo- getones Suecici" : purchased; in 1897, fasc. 3 was purchased. 31 species, forming fasc. 1 of Arthur and Hoi way's " Ure- dinese exsiccata^ " : purchased; in 1899, fasc. 2 (55 sp.) was purchased; in 1901, fasc. 3 (28 sp.). 1896. 3,705 specimens of fungi and lichens from Weddell's herbarium were presented by the Linnean Society. Collection of Diatomaceie, containing 3,582 slides : bequeathed by F. C. S. Roper, Esq. 122 Botany. 300 plants from British North Borneo collected and pre- sented by Governor Creagh ; the following year, 162 plants were presented. 25 plants from Kolguev collected and presented by Col. H. W. Feilden; in 1898, 302 plants from Novaya Zemlya were pre- sented ; in 1902, 45 Cape plants. 597 plants from Minnesota collected by Conway Macmillan : acquired by exchange, 1,334 plants from Sequoia Region, California, collected by G. Hansen: purchased; in 1899, 392 plants were purchased. The Bracebridge Wilson collection of Victorian alga^, contain- •n^ 1,485 specimens and 140 slides : purchased. Seventeen centuries of Ellis and Everhart's " Fungi Colum- uiani," ed. 2 : purchased at intervals since 1896. 588 Chinese plants and 30 fruits collected by Father Hugh : purchased; in 1898, 970 plants were purchased; in 1899, 844; m 1900, 735; in 1901, 1,045. 529 plants from Madagascar collected by Dr. C. J. Forsyth- Major : purchased. 276 plants from French Congo and Gaboon, collected by G. L. Bates: purchased; the following year, 100 plants were purchased. 200 " Schweizerische Kryptogamen " from "Wartmann and Winter : purchased. 360 specimens, forming nine fasciculi of Johnson's "North of England Lichen-Herbarium " : purchased between the years 1896 and 1900. Two centuries of Romell's " Fungi exsiccati j^raesertim Scandi- navici " : purchased. 163 species, being Fiedler's " Beit rage zur Mecklenburgischen Piezflora": purchased. 100 plants from Lombok collected by A. H. Everett : ,)urchased. 1897. 433 plants from Somaliland collected and presented by Mrs. Lort Phillips. 133 Australian plants, mostly types of species described by the donor — F. M. Bailey, Esq. 100 Tasmanian mosses collected and presented by W. A. vVeymouth, Esq. 92 Scottish fungi collected and presented by D. A. Boyd, Esq. ; in 1899 and 1900, 20 micro-fungi were presented. Botany, 123 Collections of Phytoplankton from the Atlantic presented by Capts. Rudge and Milner, whose collection was subsequently augmented. 99 Brazilian plants collected by F. Sellow : acquired Ijy exchange. 1,180 plants from Costa Rica collected by Durand and Pittier : purchased. 700 plants from Asia Minor collected by W. Siehe : purchased ; in 1899, 142 plants were purchased. 545 dried orchids and sketches by John AVcathers : pur- chased. 466 plants and 40 woods from the Cameroons collected by G. Zenker: purchased; in 1898, 362 plants were purchased; in 1899, 340; in 1901, 207 plants and 55 woods; in 1902, 288 plants. 275 " Musci Gallise," prepared by Husnot : purchased. 320 species, forming thirty-two decades of Cummings, Williams and Seymour's " North American Lichens " : purchased, 1897-99. Six centuries of American algse, prepared by Miss Tilden ; purchased in 1897, and at subsequent dates. 172 specimens, being Eaton and Faxon's "Sphagna Boreali- Americana " : purchased. Howie's " Musci Fifenses" (112 species) : purchased. 100 specimens of Koehne's "Herbarium Dendrologicum " : purchased; in 1900, 135 specimens were purchased. Two centuries of Fleischer and Warnstorf's " Bryotheca Europsea meridionalis " : purchased, 1897, 1898. 200 specimens, forming four fascicles of P. Sydow's " Phyco- myceten and Protomyceten " : purchased in 1897 and 1902. 100 Shropshire mosses collected by R. de G. Benson, Esq. : purchased ; in 1898, 157 were purchased. 1898. 627 Cape plants collected and presented by Major A. H. Wolley Dod ; the following year, 1,239 plants were presented. 591 Rhodesian plants collected and presented by Dr. F. Rand; in 1902, 280 plants from the Transvaal were presented. 578 mosses and hepatics from Charles LyoU's herbarium : presented by Mrs. K. Lyell ; the following year, 1,120 specimens, including LyelFs reference set, were presented by Sir L. Lyell, Bart. 124 Botany. 346 plants and 14 fruits from Christmas Island, collected by C. W. Andrews and presented by Sir John Murray. 192 West African plants collected and presented by J. AV. H. Migeod, Esq. 169 plants from Sivas, Asia Minor, collected and presented by r. R. Maunsell, Esq. ; in 1901, 180 plants from Van, Armenia, were presented. 92 Siamese plants collected by Dr. Haase and presented by S. S. Flower, Esq. 70 Tibetan plants collected and presented by A. H. Savage- Landor, Esq. ; in 1902, 34 plants from North Beluchistan were presented. Collections of Phytoplankton, from the Atlantic, presented by Capt. C. S. Tindall ; from the Indian Ocean, presented by Capt. Cowie ; and from the Indian Ocean and China Sea, pre- sented by Capt. Leigh ; with a large collection of organisms from the surface and the intermediate depths of the North Atlantic, made by Messrs. Murray and Blackman. 146 North American j)lants collected by G. R. Vasey were acquired by exchange with J. N. Rose, National Herbarium, Washington, U.S.A. The herbarium of Emile Bescherelle, containing 18,300 mosses and hepatics, and many types : purchased. 1,600 South African plants collected by F. Wilms: purchased; in 1900, 473 plants were purchased. 494 North African plants collected by Sven Murbeck : purchased. Twelve centuries of D. Saccardo's " Mycotheca Italica " : purchased, 1898-1902. 203 Floridan plants collected by G. N. Collins : purchased. 113 East Indian hepatics collected by Schiffner : purchased. 109 North American cryptogams collected by Small : pur- chased. 108 plants from New Guinea collected by C. Lauterbach ; purchased. Bauer's " Bryotheca Bohemica," three centuries : purchased 1898-1902. 81 mosses from Tahiti collected by Nadeaud : purchased. 70 slides of British fresh-water algae prepared by W. West, Jun. : purchased; in 1899, 504 were purchased; in 1900 314. Botany, 125 1899. 321 plants from Tropical Africa collected and presented by Lord Delamere. 227 plants from Chinese Turkestan collected and presented by Capt. H. H. P. Deasy. 188 Arabian plants collected and presented by Dr. A. S. G. Jayakar. 162 plants from the West Indies, collected by Dr. Gregory and presented by a joint committee of the Royal Society and the British Association. 154 Samoan cryptogams collected by the Rev. T. Powell : presented. 153 microscope-preparations of diatoms from St. Vincent, West Indies, presented by E. Grove, Esq. Collections of Phytoplankton, from South Atlantic, presented by Capt. A. Turbyne ; from North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, presented by W. L. Browne, Esq. ; and from the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, North Pacific, etc., presented by Capt. G. K. Wright, R.N.R. Eight centuries of " Kryptogamse Exsiccatte " of the Vienna Hof museum : acquired by exchange, between the years 1899 and 1902. 120 Himalayan mosses collected by Mrs. Bradford were acquired by exchange; in 1901, 108 Indian cryptogams were acquired. 109 lichens collected during the Hassler Expedition, and 106 during the U.S. Exploring Expedition : acquired by exchange. 7,703 slides of marine algae, mostly Florideae, prepared by Prof. Schmitz : purchased. Herbarium of 3,121 British mosses, formed by Rev. H. G. Jameson : purchased. 648 plants from Colorado collected by Baker, Earle, and Tracey : purchased ; in 1900, 725 plants were purchased. 500 species, being Linhart's " Fungi Hungarici" : purchased. 338 plants from Sarawak collected by E. Bartlett : j)ur- chased. 250 plants from Costa Rica collected by A. Tonduz : pur- chased ; in 1900, 519 plants were purchased; in 1902, 109. 625 specimens, forming twenty-five fasciculi of Vestergren's " Micromycetes Selecti" : purchased in 1899 and subsequently. 126 Botany, 219 plants from the Cascade Mountains, Washington, collected by O. D. Allen : purchased. 200 " Micro-Fungi Britannici," by Yize : purchased. Reichenbach and Schubert's " Lichenes exsiccati " (125 speci- mens) : purchased. Krieger's Schiidlicher Pilze unserer Kultur-gewiichse "' (100 specimens) : purchased. iSTine fascicles of Kneucker's " Carices exsiccatse " : j^urchased, 1899-1901. Delogne and Gravel's " Hepatiques de I'Ardenne " (GO specimens) : purchased. 250 specimens of Fleisclier's " Musci Archipelagi Indici " : purchased 1899-1902. 1900. 670 Guatemalan plants collected and presented by Capt. J. Donnell Smith. 163 Hepaticje from West Scotland collected and presented by Symers M. Macvicar, Esq. 149 plants from Klondike collected and presented by J. B. Tyrrell, Esq. 134 Chinese plants collected and presented by W. H. Shocklev, Esq. ; the following year, 179 Siberian plants were presented. 223 North African plants collected by Cosson : acquired ])y exchange. 179 plants, chiefly Australian, acquired by exchange with the Botanic Gardens, Sydney ; the following year, 192 plants were acquired. 114 plants, chiefly South African, acquired by exchange; in 1902, 143 plants were acquired. The Fern Herbarium of 2,000 specimens, formed by Sir Bawson W. Rawson, w^as purchased. Ellis and Everhart's " North American Fungi '' (3,600 speci- mens) : purchased. 831 plants from Baram District, Borneo, collected by C. Hose : purchased : in 1902, 800 plants from Borneo and North Celebes were purchased. 250 Irish Hepaticse collected by D. McArdle : purchased. Warnstorf's "EuropaischeTorfmoose"(238 species): purchased. 143 South American hepatics collected by Dusen : purchased ; in 1902, 325 mosses were purchased. Kneucker's Cyperaceae and Juncaceae (120 species), and Graminepe (300 species) : purchased, 1900-1902. Botany. 127 1901. 171 South African plants presented by Dr. S. Schonland ; tlie following year, 60 plants were presented. 153 plants from Buenos Ayres collected and presented by Ernest Gibson, Esq. 104 plants collected by Capt. Parry during his three voyages : presented by Lord Walsingham, 1,059 Gulf Coast plants collected by S. M. Tracy : purchased ; the following year, 454 plants were purchased. 822 Georgian plants collected by R. Harper : purchased ; the following year, 365 plants were purchased. 805 plants from Kunene-Zambesi collected by H. Baum : purchased. 471 West Australian plants collected by E. Pritzel : pur- chased ; the following year, 544 plants were purchased. 428 Mexican plants collected by E. O. Wooton : purchased. 237 plants from New Mexico, collected by F. S. and E. Earle: purchased. 180 Siamese plants collected by Zimmerman : purchased. 176 Brazilian cryptogams collected by A. Robert : purchased. 161 specimens of Equisetum from Wirtgen's " Pteridophyte exsiccata '' : purchased. 1902. Mr. Thos. Comber's collection of diatoms, consisting of 2,926 microscope-slides, and a large number of photographic negatives, and prints : presented by his widow. 413 South African plants collected and presented by Capt. Barrett-Hamilton. 130 Patagonian plants collected and presented by H. Hesketh Prichard, Esq. 94 plants from Johannesberg collected and presented by H. T. Ommanney, Esq. W. H. Pearson's Herbarium of Hej^aticye, containing 9,000 specimens : purchased. 1,029 Tropical African plants collected by T. Kiissner : purchased. 395 " Plantte Amurica? " collected by F. Karo : purchased. 270 West Australian plants collected by L. Webster ; purchased. 266 plants from Margarita Island, Venezuela, collected by O. O. Miller : purchased. 128 Botany. 218 European cereals prepared by J. Percival : purchased. 200 species of Paulin's "Flora exsiccata Carniolica": pur- chased. 143 plants from German East Africa collected by W. Busse : purchased. 105 plants from Vermont collected by W. W. Eggleston : purchased. 100 plants from Vancouver Island collected by C. O. Rosendahl and C. J. Brand : purchased. Botany. 129 3. — Alphabetical List of the more important Contributors TO THE Collection of Plants in the Department op Botany.* Abel (Clarke). [1780-1826] Chinese plants in Herb. Banks, " the only part of his herbarium tliat escaped the wreck of the AlceHe'' including types of the new species described by Brown in the " Narrative " of Abel's journey into the interior of China. Adair (Patrick). [/. 1696] Plants fruni the Cape and Johanna Island in Herb. Sloane. Afzelius (Adam). [1750-1837] Plants from Sierra Leone in Herb. Banks, and mosses in Herb. Hampe. Ahlberg (A.). 1625 species of Scandinavian plants, purchased 1871. Aitchison (James Edward Tierney). [1836-98] 422 species collected in the Kurrum Valley, Afghanistan, 1879, presented 1880 ; 196 species collected in Afghanistan, 1880, i)resented 1881 ; set of plants collected in Afghan Boundary Expedition, 1884:-85, presented 1887. Alton (William) [1731-93] and his son William Townsend Alton [1766-1849] Were successively Directors of the Royal Gardens, Kew (1759-1841). In that capacity they sent to Banks, or to his librarians, Solander aud Dryander, the novelties grown in the Gardens ; these were described by the two last-named. The novelties were published in the "Hortus Kewensis'' (ed. i, 1789 ; ed. ii, 1810), and the types of these are in the Banksian Herbarium; the original MS. descriptions are also preserved in the Department. The younger Alton also presented in 1839 a collection of plants formed during the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur to S. America. Alexander (William Thomas). [1818-72] Mosses of Chusan, etc. (1845-16), acquired with Herb. Wilson. Allen (0. D.). 219 plants from the Cascade Mountains, Washington, purchastxi 1899. * Only collections amounting to a hundred or more siiecimens are included in this list, except in the case of smaller collections of special interest. VOL. I. ^ 130 Botany. Anderson (Alexander). \d. 1811] Plants from Demerara (1791) from N. America, and from the St. Vincent Garden (1785-86), of which he was curator, in Herb. Banks. Anderson (John). \d. 1847] Plants from Chiloe (1829-30) with MS. list. Anderson (William). \d. 1778] Plants collected during Cook's second and third voyages to Australia, New Caledonia, the Pacific Islands, &c., in Herb. Banks. Andersson (Nils Johan). [1821-80] Mosses collected in South America, Oceania, &c., during the voyage of the Eugenie (1851-53), acquired with Herb. Hampe. Andrews (Charles William). [1866- ] 278 plants collected on Christmas Island, presented by Sir John Murray, including types of the novelties described in the monograph on the island. Andrews (Joseph). [Ji. 1710-57] His herbarium of British plants, presented by Miss Hemstcd. Anzi (Martino). [1812-83] " Lichenes exsiccati Italiae (ex herb. Massalongo) ", 360 specimens in 10 fascicles (1855-56) ; *' Lichenes rariores Langobardi," 578 specimens in 14 fascicles (1861-73); "Lichenes Etruria? rariores," 53 specimens (1863); *'Cladonia3 cisalpina3," 85 forms (1863); "Lichenes rariores Veneti (ex herb. Massalongo) ", 175 specimens in 4 fascicles (1863) ; *' Lichenes exsiccati minus rari Italias superioris," 400 specimens in 8 fascicles (1865). These were purchased 1871-75. Aplin (Oliver Yernon). 133 plants from Uruguay, acquired 1893. Appun (Carl Ferdinand). 131 plants from Demerara, purchased 1872. Areschoug (Johan Erhard). [1811-87] " Algaj Scandinavica?," 84 s]iecimens in 3 fascicles (1840, 41) ; also Series II, 400 specimens in 8 fascicles (1861-72), purchased 1872-75. Arnold (Ferdinand Christian Gustav). [1828-1901] Lichens from the Tyrol and Bavaria, purchased at various dates from 187-J. Arnott (George Arnold Walker). [1799-1868] ]Mosses from his herbarium, purchased as part of Wilson's herbarium in 1873 ; 600 microscope-preparations, purchased with the Deby diatoms in 1893. Arthur (Joseph Charles) and Edward W. D. Holway. " Uredineaj exsiccatas " of North America, 114 specimens in 3 fascicles, purchased 1895-1901. Botany. 131 Atkins (Anna, Mrs.), [d. 1871] Herbarium of British plants, presented 1865. Aublet (Jean Baptiste Christophore Fusee). [1773-78] An extensive collection of Truiana plants, including numerous types for his " Histoire des plantes de la Guiane Francaise," in Herb. Banks. Aucher-Eloy (Pierre Martin Remi). [1792-1838] 1907 i)lants chiefly from Syria, Persia, and Arabia, ])urchased 1841 ; subb-eqneutly supplemented by additions from the Shuttlewoith collection. Auerswald (Bernhard). [1818-70] Herbarhim of 17,000 specimens, chiefly from Central Europe, Spain, the Ural territory, Mexico, and Labrador, purchased 1871. Auge (Andreas), [ji. 1820] Numerous plants from the Cape in Herb. Banks. Ayres (Philip Burnard). [d. 1863] "Mycologia Britannica," .100 specimens in 2 fascicles (1845), pur- chased 1861. Back {Sir George) [1796-1878] and Richard King. 170 North American plants, collected, 1833-35, during the expedition to the Hudson Bay territory in search of Captain Pioss, presented 1836. Backhouse (James). [1825-90] Set of British Hieracia, purchased 1863. Baenitz (Carl Gabriel). 165 GramiDa3 and 175 Juncacea?, purchased 1870. Bagnall (James Eustace). 89 Warwickshire Paibi, presented 1881, and 20 Staffordshire mosses, presented 1895. Bailey (Charles). [1838- ] 605 British plants, presented 1882-84. Bailey (Frederick Manson). 141 Australian plants, mostly types of species described by him, presented 1897-99. Bailey (Liberty Hyde). [1858- ] 78 Carices from North America, obtained by exchange, 1897. Baker (Carl F.), Earle, F. S., and S. M. Tracy. 1 :]73 plants of Colorado", purchased 1899-1900. Baker (John Gilbert). [1834- ] 110 British plants, presented, 1887-88. Balansa (B.). [d. 1892] 1,226 plants from Asia Minor, etc., purchased, 1855-58^ 315 i)hanei-o- gams and 593 cryptogams from Paraguay, purchased, 1885. K 2 132 Botany. Balbis (Giovanni Battista). [1765-1831] Plants in Herb. Roemer, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Balfour (Isaac Bayley). [1853- ] Collections (phanerogams and cryptogams) made in Rodriguez during the Transit of Yenus expedition, presented by the Royal Society, 1876-78. 373 plants collected in Socotra, 1880. Ball (John). [1818-89] 313 plants from Morocco, i)resented 1885. Bang (Miguel). 1,565 Bolivian plants, purchased 1890-93. Banister (John), [d. 1692 or 1696?] Two volumes of specimens in the Sloane Herbarium (vols. 91, 92). Banks (Sir Joseph). [1743-1820] See introductory note. Barbey (William). [1842- ] 161 Cyrenian plants, presented 1888. Barclay (Arthur). [1852-91] His collection of 505 microscope-preparations and numerous specimens of Uredineai and other micro-fungi illustrating his memoirs, purchased 1892. Barclay (George). Collections made during the voyage of H.M.S. Sidjjlmr, 1836-41 in New Guinea, Peru, Mexico, Brazil, etc., presented by W. T. Alton, 1839, and by the Lords of the Admiralty, 1896. Barham (Henry), [d. 1726] West Indian plants in Herb. Sloane. Baron (Richard). [1847- ] 1,457 plants from Madagascar, purchased 1883-92. Barrett-Hamilton (Lieut. Gerald Edwin Hamilton). 413 plants from South Africa, presented 1902. Bartlett (Edward). 338 plants from Borneo, purchased 1899. Bartling (Friedrich Gottlieb) [1798-1875] and Georg Ernst LuDwiG Hampe. A set of their cryptogams, chiefly from the Harz Mountains, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth in 1877. Bartram (John). [1699-1777] A large number of specimens from Georgia and Carolina (1765-66) in the Banksian Herbarium, which also contains a few from Carolina from Botany, 133 his son, William Bartram (1739-1823) : specimens in tlie Sloaue Herbarium (vols. 332, 334). Bates (G. L.). 376 plants from French Congo and Gaboon, purchased 1896-97. Batters (Edward Arthur Lionel). 40 specimens and 35 microscope-preparations of British marine alga?, presented 1890-92. Baxter (William), [ji. 1830] South Australian plants acquired with Herb. Brown. Baudin (Nicolas). [1750-1803] Specimens from Australia in Herb. Banks. Bauer (Ernst). "Bryotheca Bohemica," 300 specimens, purchased 1898-1902. Baum (H.). 805 plants fi'om Kunene-Zambesi, purchased 1901. Baxter (William). [1787-1871] " Stirpes cryptogamicic Oxouienses," 100 specimens in 2 fascicles (1825-28), purchased 1862, 1873. Beaufort (Duchess of). See Somerset. Beccari (Odoardo). [1843- ] 642 plants from Abyssinia and Malasia, purchased 1887. Becker (Alexander). [1818-1901] Set of plants from Sareptn, purchased. Beddome (Lieut.-Col. Richard Henry). [1830- ] Herbarium of Indian plants, containing about 10,000 species, collection of Indian ferns, among them many types of his " Ferns of British India " and of his other works, purchased. Beeby (William Haddon). [1849- ] 193 British plants, presented at intervals since 1884. Ben (William M.). 211 species collected in the Survey for the Pacific Railroad between Fort Wallace, Kansas, and Santa Fe, presented 1869. Ben ( ). Plants collected at the Cape in 1727, in Herb. Sloane. Bellingham (William). 176 plants from Nyasa-land, purchased 1887. Bennett (Arthur). [1844- ] A large number of plants of various countries, especially European and British, presented at frequent intervals since 1881. 134 Botany. Bennett (George). [1804-93] Specimens of Australian plants, presented at intervals from 1859. Benson (Richard de Gylpyn). [1856-1904] 257 Shropshire mosses, purchased 1897, 1898. Berggren (Sven). [1837- ] Collection from New Zealand (240 phanerogams and 75 alga?), pur- chased 1879. Berkeley (Miles Joseph). [1803-89] His " British Fungi," 350 specimens in 4 fascicles (1836-i3), purchased 1872 ; numerous authentic specimens acquired with Herb. Broome. Berlandier (Jean Louis), [d. 1851] 1300 species of plants from Texas and Mexico, purchased 1838. Bertero (Carlo Giuseppe). [1789-1831] 500 plants from Chili, purchased 1834. Bertoloni (Antonio). [1775-1869] Plants in Herb. Eoemer, acquired with Herb. Shuttle worth. Bescherelle (Emile). [1828-1903] His exotic mosses, about 14,800 specimens, containing the plants described in his memoirs on the mosses of the French Colonies, etc., and authentic specimens from the older French botanists ; also his Euro- pean and exotic hepatics, about 3,500 specimens, purchased in 1900. Beyrich (Karl), [d. 1834] Phanerogams from Georgia and Carolina. Brazilian mosses in Herb. Hampe. Billot (Paul Constant). [1796-1863] His " Flora exsiccata," a collection chiefly of French and German critical plants, published at intervals from 1846, and purchased. Bisset (James). Extensive collections of Japanese plants (phanerogams and crypto- gams), presented 1882 and 1889. Black (Allan Osmond), [d. 1864?] His herbarium of mosses containing 2,000 specimens, chiefly British, purchased 1864. Bladh (Pehr Johann). Sent plants to Banks from Macao and Canton. Blake (John Bradby). [1745-73] Chinese plants in Herb. Banks. Blanchet (Jaques Samuel). [1807-75] 315 Brazilian planes and 250 woods from Brazil, purchased 1830-38. Blanco (Antonio). 396 plants from the province of Jaeu, Spain, purchased 1850. Botany. 135 Blandow (Otto Christian). [1778-1810] " Musci frondosi," 250 specimens in 5 fascicles, purchased 1875, Blinkworth (Richard), [fl. 1830] A large collection of plants from Kumaon, presented. Block! (Bronislaus). 625 plants from Galicia and Poland, purchased 1887-94. Bloxam (Andrew). [1801-78] His herbarium of fungi, containing 1,500 British specimens, 500 from North and South America, and 58(3 collected in the south of France by Nylander and by lioussel, was purchased in 1870. Collections of his lichens, mosses and Rubi were acquired at various dates from 180 1 to 1896. Blytt (Axel). [1844 ?-98] Norwegian plants. Boerhaave (Hermann). [1668-1738] His herbarium, consisting largely of plants from the Leyden Garden, forms part of Herb. ISloane. Bohler (John). [1796-1872] "Lichenes Britannici," 112 specimens in 8 fascicles (1835-37), purchased 1862. Boissier (Pierre Edmond). [1810-85] Spanish plants acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Boivin (Louis Hyacinthe). [1808-52] 176 Mascarene plants, purchased 1861 ; mosses acquired with Herb. Bescherelle. Bojer (Wenzel). [1800-56] 303 Mascarene plants presented by the Society of Arts and Sciences of Mauritius, 1847. See aho Hilsenberg. Bolander (Henry N.). 500 Californian plants, purchased 1868. Bolus (Harry). [1834- ] 1100 South African plants, presented 1881-96. See aho Macowax and Bolus. Boodle (Leonard Alfred). [1865- ] 221 marine algi^ from the Cape of Good Hope, presented 1890. Borcliers (August). 1350 plants from Chili, purchased 1891. Bornmiiller (Josef). 1,083 plants from Asia Minor and 929 from Persia, purchased 1890-97. Botanical Record Club. Herbarium of British plants transferred from the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, Kew, 1884, and later portions, presented by F. A. Lees, Esq. 136 Botany, Botteri (Matteo). 1,016 Mexican plants, purchased 1855-57; 516 Dalmatian plants, purchased 1854, 1867. Bourgeau (Eugene). [1813-77] 1,007 plants of the Canary Islands, purchased 1846; 4,113 i)lants from the Mediterranean region, purchased at various dates. Bowdich (Thomas Edward). [1790-1824] A few plants collected during his mission to Ashantee, 1819. Bo wen {Lieut). 119 species of Labrador plants, presented 1836. Bowie (James), [d. 1869] Collection made with Allan Cunningham in Brazil (1814-17), in Herb. Banks ; large collection of plants collected at the Cape 1817-23, presented by W. T. Alton. Bowker (James Henry), [fl. 1853-85] 150 plants from the Cape, purchased 1853. Bowles (Edward Augustus). Cultivated specimens of Crocus, etc., presented 1901-3. Boyd (D. a.). 112 micro-fungi of Ayrshire, presented 1897-1900. Bradford (Mary, Mrs.). 228 cryptogams from India, acquired in 1899 and 1901. Braithwaite (Robert). [1824- ] " Si)hagnacta3 Britannicaj," purchased 1877. Brass (William), [fl. 1790] Plants from West Coast of Africa in Herb. Banks. Braun (Alexander). [1805-77] Cry])togams acquired with the herbaria of Shuttleworth and Hampe. See Rabenhorst. Brebner (George). 82 microscope-preparations and 28 specimens of British marine alga?, acquired at various times, 1885-1897. Bretschneider (Emil). [d. 1901] 228 Chinese plants collected by him and presented by F. B. Forbes, Esq. Breutel (Johann Christian). 322 Muscineffi from 8. Africa, purchased 1867-71 ; 380 from Central America and 305 from Greenland and Labrador, purchased 1871. Brewer (James Alexander). \Ji. 1838-90] 354 plants from Western Australia, acquired 1893. Breyne (Johann Philipp). [1680-1764] Plants from Dantzig in Herb. Sloane. Botany. 137 Bridges (Thomas). [1807-65] 533 plants from Bolivia, purcliased 1847, and 285 from California, purchased 1858. Briggs (Thomas Richard Archer). [1836-91] 1602 British plants, chiefly from Devon and Cornwall, presented 1880-91. British Herbarium. For the convenience of British botanists the British plants have, since 1859, been separated from the General Herbarium — an arrangemcat adopted since 1859, when the herbaria of Edward Forster, James Sowerby, and Mrs. Robinson were combined as the nucleus of the British collection. Briosi (Giovanni) [1846- ] and Fridiano Cavara [1857- ] " Funghi parassiti delle l^iante," 350 specimens in 14 fascicles (1888- 1900), purchased 1889-1900. Britton (Nathaniel Lord). [1858- ] 111 plants from North America, acquired by exchange, 1892. Broome (Christopher Edmund). [1812-86] His herbarium of fungi, containing about 40,000 specimens, many of them being the types of species described by him and by Berkeley, and 8 vols, of his correspondence, bequeathed 1886. In this collection were included sets of specimens published by Cooke, Phillips, Plowright, Vize, Fuckel, Piabenhorst, Ravenel, Rehm, von Thuemen, Wagner. Brotherus (A.). 830 plants from the Caucasus, purchased 1883. Brown (Robert). [1773-1858] See p. 84. Browne (Samuel), [d. before 1703] A folio volume of plants (with notes) sent by him from Fort St. George (Madras) to the East India Company in 1697, and presented by the Company to the Ptoyal Society ; an account of the collection, by Petiver, is in Phil. Trans. Other specimens from Browne are in the Sloane Herbarium. Bruce (Arthur). [1725 ?-1 805] Herbarium of British plants, purchased at the Linnean Society's sale, 1863. Bruhns (Alexander). 185 plants from island of Sviatoi, Caspian Sea, purchased 1871. Brunner (Samuel). [1790-1844] Plants from Senegambia and Johanna Island, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Buchanan (Francis) afterwards Hamilton. [1762-1829] Collection of Avan plants sent to Banks 1794, with MS. descriptions and drawings : see Journ. Bot., 1902, 279 ; collection from Chittagong sent to Banks, 1798; 674 Dlants from Nepaul, Mysore, and Malabar, 138 Botany. purchased at Lambert's sale, 1842, including tlie types of D. Don's " Flora Nepalensis." Buchanan (John). [1855-96] 1125 plants from Nyasa-land, presented 1893-96. Buckley (Samuel Botsfoed). [1809-84] 375 species of Alabama plants, purchased 1861. Buddie (Adam), [d. 1715] Herbarium of British plants in Herb. Sloaiie, vols. 114-130: MS. relating to these in Sloane MSS. 2970-80. Buflfham (Thomas Hughes). [1840-96] 1390 specimens and 690 microscope-preparatioDS of British algaj, purchased at various dates, 1888-96. Bunbury {Sir Charles James Fox). [1809-86] Plants from South Africa. Burbidge (Frederick William). [1847- ] 230 plants from North Borneo, presented by Messrs. Veitch, 1879. Burke (Joseph). [Ji. 1839-46] 380 species of South African plants, presented in 1843 by the Earl of Derby, who employed Burke as a collector. Busse (Walter). 143 plants from German East Africa, purchased 1902. Caley (George), [d. 1829] Large collections from x^ustralia and the West Indies. Campbell (Charles William, C.M.G.). 80 phanerogams from Eastern Mongolia, presented 1901. Campbell CDouglas Houghton). [1859- ] 150 microscope-preparations illustrating his memoirs on the structure and development of mosses and ferns, presented 1895, 1896. Campbell (W.). 2i»4 plants from Formosa, presented 1876. Carmichael (Dugald). [1772-1827] Mauritius and Bourbon plants, with MS. catalogue. Carrington (Benjamin). [1827-93] Hepatics and mosses acquired with the herbaria of Wilson and Pearson. Carrington (Benjamin) and William Henry Pearson. [1849- ] "Hepatica; Britannica^," 290 specimens in 4 fascicles (1878-90), purchased 1883 and after. Carroll (Isaac). [1828-80] His "Lichenes Hibernici," 1 fascicle of 40 specimens, purchased 1859. 3,968 Irish and Scandinavian lichens, and numerous phanerogams Botany. 139 and cryptogams collected in Ireland, Lapland and Iceland, purchased 1874, 1875. Carruthers (William). [1830- ] 470 species of plants from the United States and Mexico, collected and presented, 1884. Camel (Teodoro). [1830-98] 100 specimens of Junci, purchased 1887. Catesby (Mark). [1679 or 1680-1749] Two volumes of specimens in the 81oaue Herbarium (212, 232). Cavanilles (Antonio Jose). [1744-1804] Sent plants to Banks, which are in his herbarium; a small collection was jnirchased at Lambert's sale, 1842. Cavara (Fridian6). [1857- ] " Fungi LongobardicT?," 250 specimens in 5 fascicles (1802-9G), purchased. See also Briosi. Cesati (Yincenzo) [1806-83] and T. CarueL " PIanta3 Italia; borealis." "Challenger" Expedition. [1873-76] A set of the plants collected, presented by the Pioyal Society. Chalmers (James), " Alga^ Scotici^i," 50 specimens in 1 vol. (1826), purchased 1880. Chandler (Elizabeth, Miss). [1818-84] 473 British plants, presented 1875. Chapman (Alvan Wentworth). [1809-99] 713 species of Florida plants, purchased 1845. Chauvin (Francois Joseph) [1797-1859] and Roberge. " Algues de la Normandie," 200 specimens in 8 fascicles (182G-1838), acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth in 1877. Chelsea Garden. < Plants forwarded in annual instalments of fifty to the Poyal Society, in accordance with Sir Hans Sloane's deed of conveyance to the Apothe- caries' Company, 1722-61. Chesney {Col. Francis Rawdon). [1789-1872] i)9 plants collected in the Euphrates expedition, presented by tlie Board of Control 1837; many described in Bertoloni's "Miscellanea Botanica," pt. i (1842). Christy (Robert Miller). [1861- ] 156 plants from Manitoba, presented 1886. Clapperton (Hugh). [1788-1827] Plants collected by Walter Oudney (1790-1824), Dixon Denham (1786-1828), and Huoh Clapperton during tiieir expedition to Central Africa (1822-24), presented to Robert Brown and bequeathed by him. 140 Botany, Clarke (Charles Baron). [1834- ] 11,155 specimens of Indian plants, presented 1875-1897. Clarke (C. S., Mrs.), 113 plants from Natal, purchased 1800. Clarke (Joseph). 1,000 plants from Ohio, purchased 1858. Clarke ( ). Plants collected in Virginia (1729), Carolina, Antigua, Montserrat (1734), and Bermuda, in Herb. Sloane. Claussen ( ). 800 Brazilian plants and 260 woods, purchased 1841. Clayton (John). [1686 or 1693?-1773] The types of the "Flora Virginica" (17C2), acquired by Banks from Oronovius, the author of the " Flora." Clemente (Simon de Roxas) and Leblech. "Plantas de Andalucia, 1803," purchased with Shuttleworth's herbarium. Clementi (Giuseppe). [1812-73] 130 plants from Mount Olympus, purchased 1852. Cleve (Pehr Teodor) [1840- ] and J. D. Moller. Their diatoms, 324 microscope-preparations in G parts (1877-82), purchased with the Deby coUectiou in 1893. Clifford (George). [1685-1760] His herbarium, containing the plants described by LioDc-eus in the " Hortus Cliftbrtianus" (1737) ; bought by Banks in 1791. Clifton (George). [/. 1853-90.] 565 Australian marine algai, being types quoted in Harvey's " Phycologia Australica," presented 1889, 1890. Clifton (William), [fl. 1765] A few plants from Florida in Herb. Banks. Clinton (G. W.). Plants of Buffalo, New York. Cloisel (J.). 201 plants from Madagascar, purchased 1891. Cocks (John). [1787-1861] " Algamm fasciculi," 180 British specimens in 18 parts (1855-60), purchased 1867. Coles (F. R.). 257 Kirkcudbrightshire plants, presented 1884. Botany, 141 Collie (Alexander). \d. 1835] 852 plants of Western Australia, presented by the Lords of the Admiralty 1856. Collins (Frank Shipley), Isaac Holden [1832-1903], and William Albert Setchell. "Pliycotheca Boreali- Americana," 1,075 specimens in 23 fascicles (1895-1902), purchased. Collins (G. N.). 203 plants from Florida, purchased 1898. Collinson (Peter). [1694-1768] Specimens in Herb. Banks from his garden at Mill Hill. Comber (Thomas). [1837-1902] His valuable collection of diatoms, consisting of 2,926 microscope- slides, 2,225 photographic negatives and lantern-slides, an illustrated descriptive catalogue in MS., and a quantity of herbarium material, presented by his widow, 1902. Commerson (Philibert). [1727-73] Specimens in Herb. Banks, and others acquired with Herb. Brown. Cooke (Mordecai Cubitt). [1825- ] " Fungi Britannici exsiccati " (1865-72), 700 specimens, also 850 British and 300 exotic fungi, and 332 preparations for the microscope, purchased 1864-95. The second edition of his " Fungi Britannici," 600 specimens (1875-77), formed part of C. E. Broome's herbarium. Cooper (Duncan E.). 222 plants from Melbourne, piesented 1856. ^ Cooper (Thomas). 1,078 plants from South Africa, presented by W. W. Saunders, 1865. Cosson (Ernest Saint-Charles). [1819-89] 223 specimens from North Africa, acquired by exchange 1900. Couch (Benjamin). A collection of 805 specimens of woods, purchased 1810. Coulter (Thomas). [1793-1843] ; 225 Californian plants, purchased 1869. Courten (William). [1642-1702] Plants in Herb. Sloane. Cowan (William Deans). 450 Madagascar plants, purchased 1883. Creagh (Charles Vandeleur, C.M.G.). 462 plants from Borneo, presented 1895-96. CroaU (Alexander). [1809-85] 600 plants from Braemar, purchase I 185?. 142 J^otany, Crombie (James Morrison). [1833- ] His " Lichenes Britannici," 200 specimens (1874, 1877), also 2,929 British and exotic licliens, purcliased 1870-1900. Crome (Georg Ernst Wilhelm). [1780-1813] 120 mosses illustrating his " Sammlimg Deutscher Laiibmoose," 3 parts (1803-6), purchased. Crueger (Hermann). [1818-64] West Indian Muscinea?, acquired with the collections of Hampe and Stephani. Cuming (Hugh). [1791-1865] A selection fi-oni his Chilian collections (1827-31), purchased 1834 ; 2,433 plants from the Philippines, Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, and St. Helena, purchased 1841. Cummings (Clara Eaton), Robert S. Williams^ cand Arthur Bliss Seymour. "Decades of North American Lichens" (1897-99), 320 specimens, purchased 1897-99. Cunningham (Allan). [1791-1839] Collection made with James Bowie in Brazil (1814-17) in Herb. Banks ; collection of Australian plants, made 1818-26, presented by William Townsend Alton. Cunningham (David Douglas). 21 microscope-slides and specimens, being the types described in his paper on Mycoidea parasitica, presenti'd by the Council of the Linnean Society, 1878. Cunningham (James), [d. 1709?] An important collection of Chinese plants made at Amoy, 1698-1703, including specimens from Chusan, etc. in Herb. Sloane. See Bretschneider, *' European Botanical Discoveries in China," 34-44 and " Early European Eesearches in China," 36-88. Curtis (Charles). V.l specimens of Dipterocarpea^ presented 1888; 243 plants of Penang, purchased 1890; 333 Malayan plants, presented 1891-94. Curtiss (Allen Hiram). [1845- ] His x-)ublished fascicles of North American flowering plants, purchased 1881-87, containing 1554 specimens; and 136 " Alga3 Floridanaj," purchased 1896-98. Cutler; (Catharine, Mss). \d. 1866] 946 specimens, representing 337 species of British algcT, presented 1861. Dahlstedt (Hugo Gustaf Adolf). [1856- ] 400 Hieracia from Scandinavia, purchased 1890-91. Dale (Samuel). [1659-1739] Plants presented by the Company of Apothecaries, 1862. Botany, 143 Dalziel (John M.). 80 Chinese plants, presented 1902. Daniell (William Freeman). [1818-65] Small collections from West Africa ami Ciiina, presented 1817-01. Davies (George). [1834-92] His lierbarium of about 20,000 Britisli and exotic mosses, hepatics and lichens, presented by his widow, 1892, Davies (Hugh). [1739?-1821] Herbarium of Welsh plants, containing types of his " Welsh Botan- ology," purchased 1883. Davy (Joseph Burtt). [1870- ] 14(3 British plants, presented 1891. Deakin (Richard). \_d. 1873] His herbarium of Italian and British lichens, about 1500 specimens, presented by Horatio Pig'j;ot in 1889. Deasy {Ga;pt. Henry Hugh Peter). 22(3 plants from Chinese Turkestan, presented 1899. De Bary (Heinrich Anton). [1831-88] His collection of 4,429 microscope-preparations, illustrating his memoirs on plant-anatomy and parasitic diseases, purchased 1889. Deby (Julien Marc). [1826-95] A collection of 12,541 microscopic-preparations of Diatomacea^, consisting of a large series systematically arranged, a series of spread slides, the entire collections of Hardman and of Donkin, a series from Walker Arnott, the sets published by Cleve and Moller, by Tempere and Peragallo, and others ; also a remarkable series of type slides, purchased 1893. Delamere {Lord). 321 plants from Tropical Africa, presented 1899. Delise (Dominic Francois), [d. 1841] " Lichens de France " (1828), acquired with Herb, llalfs. Delogne (Charles Henri). His "Diatomees de Belgique," 100 microscope slides in 4 fascicles (1880-81), purchased. Delogne (C. H.) and Fr. Gravet. "Hepatiques de I'Ardenne," GO specimens in 6 fascicles (1868-70), purchased 1899. Denham (Dixon). [1786-1828] /See Clai'PERTON. Deplanche (Emile) [1824-75] and Eugene VieiHard. 25G specimens of New Caledonian plants, purchased 1873. 144 Botany, De Ponthieu (Henri). Plants from the Caribee Islands, 1778, in Herb. Banks. Deseglise (Alfred). \d. 1883] Herbarium Rosarum, a ver}^ large collection of critical Roses from various collectors, containing all tlie species described in his works, purchased 1884. Desmazieres (Jean Baptiste Henri Joseph). [1796-1862] "Plantes crvptogames de France," 2,200 specimens in 4-4 fascicles (1825-51) ; edition li, 1850 specimens in 37 fascicles (1836-51), acquired with Shuttle worth's herbarium in 1877 ; edition ii, series ii, 800 speci- mens in 16 fascicles (1853-60). De Tabley {Lord). [1835-95] Numerous contributions to British Herbarium, 1870, etc. De Toni (Giovanni Battista). [1864- ] " Herbarium Phycologicum," 2 decades (1896), purchased 1898. De Toni (G. B.) and David Levi-Morenos. [1863- ] " Ph ycotheca Italica," 200 specimens in 4 fascicles (1886-89), purchased. Dick ( ). " Herbarium Helveticum "—collection of Swiss plants, purchased by Banks from Dr. Pitcairn in 1775. See Journ. Bot., 1902, 388. Dickie (George). [1812-82] His arranged collection of about 7,000 alga_^ and 372 diatom slides, purchased 1883. Dickson (James). [1738-1822] " Hortus siccus Britannicus," 1789-93. His collection of mosses an-l hepatics, containing the types of his published species, was purchased from his daughter in 1876. Dietel (Paul). A set of his Uredinere, purchased with Herb. Barclay in 1892. Dietrich (Am alia). 250 plants from Brisbane, purchased 1874. Dillenius (Johann Jakob). [1687-1747] Plants from Wales in Herb. Sloane ; mosses in Herb. Banks. Dombey (Joseph). [1742-96] Specimens of S. American plants in Herb. Banks. Don (George). [1764-1814] "Herbarium Britannicum," 1804, purchased 1875; other examples incorporated in British Herbarium. Don (George). [1798-1856] 701 species from AVest Tropical Africa, including many of the types of Hooker's "Niger Flora," purchased 1856. Botany, 145 Donkin (Arthur Scott), [fl. 1858-73] 486 microscope-preparations, acquired with the Deby collection in 1893. Doody (Samuel). [1656-1706] Numerous specimens in Herb. Sloane. Doubleday (Edward). [1811-49] 697 North American plants, presented 1843-44. Douglas (David). [1798-1834] 1,460 plants from North-west America and California, containing; many- types published in Hooker's " Flora Boreali Americani," purchased 1856 from the Royal Horticultural Society. Drege (Johann Franz). [1794-1881] A set of his S. African collections, acquired with Shuttleworth's herbarium. Drouet (Henri). [1829- ] Plants from the Azores, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Druce (George Claridge). [1860- ] 358 British plants presented at intervals from 1881. Drummond (James). [17841-1863] 3,597 plants of Western Australia, purchased 1843-54; others acquired with Robert Brown's Herbarium. Drummond (Thomas), [d. 1835] " Musci Americani" collected in North America during the second Land Expedition (1825-28) of Sir John Franklin, presented by Dr. Richardson ; another series — from the Southern States — was purchased in 1842. Du Bois (Charles). [1656-1740] Sent plants to Petiver and Plukenet, which are in Herb. Sloane. Durand (Philippe). Plants collected at Tangier, 1798-1807. See Cosson, "Compendium Florae Atlanticae," i, 14. Durand (Theophile) and Henri F. de Fabrega Pittier. 1180 plants from Costa Rica, purchased 1897. Durieu de Maisonneuve (Elly). 439 plants from Paraguay, purchased 1878. Durieu de Maisonneuve (Michel Charles). [1796?-1878] "Plantae selectae Hispano-Lusitanicae," 1835, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Dusen (Per). [1855- ] 235 mosses and hepatics from the Cameroons and 468 from Chile and Patagonia, purchased at various times, 1893-1902. VOL. I. ^ 146 Botany, Duthie (John Firminger). [1845- ] 615 plants of Italy, Malta, etc., presented 1872-74 ; 4,140 Indian flowerino; plants and 553 crvpto^ams, acquired at various dates between 1881-1900. Dyer (William Turner Thiselton) afterwards Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer. [1843- ] 250 critical British plants, presented 1870, and 100 critical British jDlants, purchased 1871. Earle (F. S. and E.). 237 plants from New Mexico, purchased 1901. Eaton (Alfred Edwin). 24 plants from Spitzbergen, presented 1874 ; 139 lichens and algae from the Cape, presented 1876 ; 129 lichens and algae from Kerguelen's Land, presented by the Council of the Eoyal Society. Eaton (Daniel Cady) [1834-95], and Edwin Faxon. " Sphagna Boreali-Americana," 172 specimens, purchased 1897. Ecklon (Christian Friedrich) [1795-1868] and Karl Ludwig Phillipp Zeyher. [1799-1858] 340 South African plants, purchased 1883 ; specimens from these collectors were also added from Herb. Shuttle worth and from Herb. N. B. Ward ; mosses acquired with Herb. Hampe. Een (T. G.). Collection of phanerogams from Dammara Land, containing numerous types described in Journ. Bot., purchased 1879. Eggers {Baron Henrik Franz Alexander). [1844- ] 305 plants from the Bahamas, collected by him and presented by the Royal Society, 1888. 206 plants from St. Domingo, purchased 1900. Eggleston (Willard Webster). 105 plants from Vermont, purchased 1902. Ehrhart (Friedrich). [1742-95] " Plantae cryptogamae Linnaei," 32 decades (1785-93) ; " Phytophy- lacium" (8 decades), 1780. Eiben (C. E.). " Ostfrieslands Laubmoose," 150 specimens in 3 parts (1866-69), purchased 1870 and 1885 ; " Brack- und Salz-wasseralgen," 1 decade (1870), purchased 1885; " Diatomeen der ostfriesische Inseln und Kiisten," 10 microscope slides (1870), acquired with Herb. Deby 1893. Elliott (George Francis Scott). [1862- ] 440 South African plants, presented 1888; 118 Madagascar plants, presented 1890 ; 456 North African plants, presented 1892 ; 1,399 plants from Sierra Leone, presented 1892-93 ; collection of plants from Euwenzori, presented 1895. Botany, 147 Elliott (William Robert). 1,097 cellular cryptogams collected in St. Vincent and Dominica, presented by the West India Exploration Committee, 1893. Ellis (Job Bicknell) [1829- ] and Benjamin Matlock Everhart. [1818- ] "Nortli American Fungi," 3,600 specimens in centuries (1878-98), purchased 1900 ; and " Fungi Columbiani," continued by C. L. Shear and subsequently by Elam Bartholomew, 17 centuries of specimens (1894, etc.), purchased at intervals since 1896. Endress ( ). Plants of Pyrenees collected 1831, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Engelmann (Georg). [1809-84] 100 specimens of Juncus, purchased 1886. Engler (Heinrich Gustav Adolf). [1844- ] His " Araceae exsiccatae" ; 3271 plants from Tropical Africa, Sandwich Islands, Japan, Brazil, etc., acquired by exchange from the Berlin Museum at various dates from 1884. '' Erbario Crittogamico Italiano." Series 1(1858-64), 1,200 si^ecimensin 24 fascicles; series ii (1864-81), 1,100 specimens in 22 fascicles ; purchased at various times 1861-81. Eriksson (Jakob). [1848- ] "Fungi parasitici Scandinavici," 500 specimens in 10 fascicles (1882-95), purchased. Ernst (Adolf), [d. 1900] A small collection of plants from Caracas. Etienne (G.). " Mousses de la Normandie," 200 specimens in 4 fascicles (1870-74), purchased. Eulenstein (Theodor). " Diatomacearum species typicae," 100 microscope-preparations (1867), purchased 1868. Everett (A. H.). 100 plants from Lombok, purchased 1896. Fabricius (Philipp Konrad). [1714-74] Plants from the Helmstadt Garden, of which he was curator, in Herb. Banks. Farlow (William Gilson). [1844- ] 476 cellular cryptogams from North America, Hawaii, etc., presented at various times, 1889-1902. Farlow (W. G.), C. L. Anderson and D. C. Eaton. " Algae Americae borealis," 230 specimens in 5 fascicles (1877-89), purchased. l 2 148 Botany, Fawcett (William). [1851- ] 688 Jamaica phanerogams and 221 cryptogams, presented at intervals since 1887. Feilden {Col. Henry Wemyss). [1838- ] 60 phanerogams from Disco, Greenland, presented 1876; 25 plants from Kolguev, presented 1896 ; 302 from Novaya Zemlya, presented 1898 ; 45 plants^from the Cape, presented 1902. Feilding (J. B.). Malayan grasses, presented 1893. Fellman (N. J.). 400 plants from East Lapland, purchased 1878. Fendler (August). [1813-83] 1,729 phanerogams from New Mexico, purchased 1848-57 ; 182 ferns from Venezuela, purchased 1856 ; 128 ferns from Trinidad, purchased 1878-80 ; 43 cryptogams from Trinidad, purchased 1880. Ferguson (William). [1820-87] Set of his Ceylon algae acquired with Herb. Dickie. Ferro (Giovanni Maria). [1603-73] Herbarium in three volumes, presented by the Director of Kew Gardens in 1890. See Journ. Bot., 1890, 278. Fiedler (Carl Friedrich Bernhard). [1807-69] " Musci frondosi," 150 Mecklenburg species in 3 fascicles (1842-43), purchased ; " Beitrage zur Mecklenburgiscben Pilzflora," 163 specimens in three parts, purchased. Fielding (E.). 225 plants from Cordova, La Plata, purchased 1872. Fitzgerald (Robert David). [1831 ?-92] 235 Australian orchids, presented 1883-91. Flahault (Charles Henri Marie). [1852- ] 60 types illustrating the " Revision des Nostocacees heterocystees " of Bornet and Flahault, presented 1891. Fleischer (Max). [1858- ] "Musci Archipelagi Indici," 250 specimens in 5 fascicles (1898), purchased. Fleischer and Warnstorf. " Bryotheca Europaea meridionalis," two centuries of mosses (1896, 1897), purchased. Florke (Heinrich Gustav). [1764-1835] "Deutsche Lichenen," 200 specimens in 10 fascicles (1815-21), purchased 1875. Fogg (S. A., Miss). 132 Australian algae, purchased 1877. Botany. 149 Forbes (Francis Blackwell). [1839- ] 301 Chinese plants, presented 1875. Forbes (Henry Ogg). [1851- ] 4,654 plants from the Eastern Archipelago, including types of the species described in his " Naturalist's Wanderings " and elsewhere, purchased 1879-88. Forbes (John). [1798-1823] 317 plants from South Africa and Madagascar, purchased 1856. Forskai (Pehr). [1736-63] Numerous specimens (types for his " Flora ^gyptiaco-Arabica ") in Herb. Banks, and 180 plants acquired with Herb. Nolte, 1875. Forster (Edward). [1765-1849] Herbarium, principally of British plants, presented by Robert Brown. Forster (John Reinhold) [1729-98] and George. [1754-94] Plants collected during Cook's second voyage (1772-75) presented to Banks on their return; herbarium of George Forster purchased at Lambert's sale (1842), described by D. Don as his " entire herbarium, from which he published his Florula of South Sea plants " ; another set of G. Forster's plants is in Pallas's Herbarium, purchased at the same sale. In 1776 Banks bought for £400 all the drawings made during the voyage, Forsyth Major (Charles Immanuel). [1843- ] 439 phanerogams from Madagascar, purchased 1896. Fortune (Robert). [1813-80] 549 specimens of Chinese plants, purchased 1845-62. Fothergill (John). [1712-80] Numerous plants in Herb. Banks from his garden at West Ham. Fourcade (Charles). [1826 ?-91] 672 Pyrenean plants, purchased 1864. Fraser (Charles). \d. 1831] Plants from the north-west interior of Australia, collected 1818. Fraser (Louis). 352 South American plants, purchased 1860-61. French (Alfred). [1839-79] Herbarium of Oxfordshire plants, purchased 1880. Fries (Elias Magnus). [1794-1878] " Herbarium normale Plantae Scandinavicae," Cent. 1-10, purchased 1875; "Scleromyceti Sueciae," 300 fungi in 30 decades (1819-22), pre- sented by the Council of the Linnean Society, 1896. Fries (Thore Magnus). [1832- ] "Lichenes Scandinaviae," 75 specimens in 3 fascicles (1859-()o), presented by the Council of the Linnean Society, 1896. 150 Botany. Frivaldsky (Imre). [1799-1870] Oriental plants acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Fuckel (Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold). [1821-76] "Fungi Pthenani,'' edition i with 2700 specimens in 27 fascicles (1863-74), bequeathed with Herb. Broome, 1887, and edition ii with 600 specimens in 6 fascicles (1874), purchased. Funck (Heinrich Christian). [1771-1839] "Cryptogamische Gewachse des Fichtelgebirgs," edition i (1800) incomplete ; edition ii, 865 specimens in 42 fascicles (1806-38), purchased 1875. Funck (Nicolas) [1816-96] and Louis Joseph Schlim. Plants from Venezuela acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Gagliardi (G.). 74 hepatics, 313 mosses and 665 lichens from the Siraplon Pass, presented 1863-64. Gaillard (A.). 90 Venezuelan fungi, purchased 1890. Gamble (James Sykes). 863 Indian plants, presented 1885-87. Gandoger (Michael). [1850- ] 984 plants from North Africa, etc., purchased 1880. Gardiner (William). [1808-52] 200 Forfarshire plants and 250 cryptogams, purchased 1850. Gardner (George). [1812-49] Ceylon plants acquired with Herb. Miers ; herbarium of Brazilian plants (5,746 species), containing numerous types described by him and other botanists, purchased from his executors, 1851. Garovaglio (Santo). [1805-82] "Muschi dell' Austria inferiore," 6 decades of specimens (1836), purchased 1899. Gasparrini (Guglielmo). [1804-66] Italian plants acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Gepp (Ethel Sarel, Mrs.). 196 British marine algae and 111 slides, presented 1892. Gerard {Gen. Patrick). [1842- ] 134 plants from the Western Himalaya, presented 1861. Germain (Philip). 702 plants from Ohih, purchased 1857-68. Gerrard (William Tyrer). [d. 1866] 1600 plants from Zulu-land, purchased 1865. Botany. 151 Geyer (Charles Andreas). [1809-53 J GOO plants from Illinois, Missouri, and Oregon, purcliased 1845. Ghiesbreght (August). 384 Mexican plants, purchased 1873. Gibson (Ernest). 153 plants from Buenos Ayres, presented 1901. Gill (William John). [1843-82] A small collection of Chinese plants, presented 1877. Gillies (John), [d. before 1837] 250 Chilian Compositae, purchased 1863 ; other specimens acquired in Shuttleworth collection. Golde and Meinshausen. 811 plants from South Russia, purchased 1871-75. Gordon (James) \d. 1780]. Plants from his garden at Mile End (1753-76) in Herb. Banks. Gottsche (Carl Moritz). [1808-92] Many authentic specimens of hepatics described by him, acquired with Her}). Hampe in 1881. See Rabenhorst. Grabowsky (Henri Emanuel). 407 plants from Borneo, purchased 1884. Graeffe (Eduard). 209 ferns and 30 lichens from Samoa, etc., purchased 1874. Graells (Mariano de la Paz). [1818 ?-98] 650 Spanish plants (" Herbarium Castellanum ") purchased 1872. Gray (Asa). [1818-88] Specimens of N. American plants, including many types, presented at various dates. Gray (Edward Whitaker). [1748-1806] Plants from Oporto, sent to Banks in 1777. Gray (Maria Emma, Mrs.). [1787-1876] 149 alga3 from Swanage, presented 1861; 201 species, named by Agardh, presented 1870. Greene (Edward Lee). [1843- ] 364 Californian plants, acquired 1885-1)5. Greenstock (W.). Collection from Natal, purchased 1880. Gregory (John Walter). [1864- ] Collections from East Equatorial Africa, collected by him and pre- sented 1893 ; plants from Dominica and Antigua, presented 1899. 152 Botany, Gregory (William). [1803-58] His collection of diatoms, 1,434 slides, purchased 1866. Greville (Robert Kaye). [1794-1866] 5,248 microscope preparations of Diatoms, containing his types, pur- chased 1866. Grey (Eliza Lucy, Mrs.). 340 specimens of South Australian plants, presented 1841, 1845. Griffith (William). [1810-45] A large collection of Bhotan plants presented by the Hon. East India Company, 1849-50 ; 431 species of Malacca plants, purchased 1869. Griffiths (Amelia W., Mrs.). [1768-1857] 780 specimens, representing 293 species of British sea- weeds, purchased 1852. Gronovius (Johannes Fridericus). [1611-71] Herbarium containing Clayton's Virginian plants, purchased in 1794 bv Sir Joseph Banks from John Earl of "Bute, who bought it for £90 in 1778. Grove (Edmund). 153 microscope preparations of diatoms from St. Vincent, presented 1899. Groves (Henry). [1835-91] 539 Italian plants, presented 1885-87. Groves (Henry, [1855- ] and James [1858- ] ) " Characeae Britannicae" (60 specimens in 2 fascicles), purchased 1892, 1900 ; 78 British plants, presented from 1881 to the present time. Gruner (Leopold). 927 plants from South Russia, purchased 1871. Gunn (Ronald Campbell). [1808-81] Tasmanian plants. Gussone (Giovanni). [1787-1866] Italian plants, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Hackel (Eduard). 72 specimens of Festuca, presented 1887. Haenke (Thadd^us). [1761-1817] See Presl. Hahn (Ludwig). [1836-81] 988 plants from Martinique, purchased 1868-70 ; 149 plants from the Cape, presented 1876 ; mosses acquired with Herb. Bescherelle. Hall (Elihu). [1822-82] 633 Oregon plants, purchased 1872 ; 850 Texan plants, purchased 1873. Hall, Harbour and Parry. 700 i^lants of the Bocky Mountains, purchased 1864. Botany, 153 Hamilton. See Buchanan. Hampe (Georg Ernst Ludwig). [1795-1880] Collection of 4,934 hepatics, purchased 1878 ; moss herbarium of 24,032 specimens, purchased ] 881, each containing numerous types. The mosses and hepatics of his " Vegetabilia cellularia " were purchased with Herb. Shuttleworth in 1877. Hanbury (Daniel). [1825-75] Specimens chiefly of economic plants, presented 1853-72. Hance (Henry Fletcher). [1827-86] Herbarium containing 22,437 specimens, including types of the Chinese plants described by him, purchased 1887. Hansen. 13 centuries (1,285 specimens) of plants from Schleswig-Holstein , purchased with Herb. Nolte, 1875. Hansen (George). 1,596 plants from California, purchased 1896-99. Hardman (Lawrance). His entire collection of nearly 30,000 select diatoms, typical of all the most celebrated deposits, and mounted on 1,444 slides, purchased as part of Deby's collection in 1893. Hardwicke (Thomas), [d. 1835] 247|plants from Mauritius, sent to Banks, 1811-12 ; 1,482 specimens of woods from South Africa and St. Helena, bequeathed 1836. Harlow (James), [fl. 1660-80] Plants collected in Jamaica, presented to Sloane by Sir John Rawdon. Harper (Roland McMillan). 1,187 plants from. Georgia, purchased 1901-2. Hart (Henry Chichester). 1,162 plants from Mount Sinai, etc., collected during the Palestine Exploring Expedition, acquired 1885. Hartman (Robert Wilhelm). [1827-91] " Bryaceae Scandinaviae," 450 specimens in 15 fascicles (1857-74), purchased. Hartweg (Carl Theodor). [1812-71] 1,833 plants from California, Central and South America, presented 1839-48. Harvey (William Henry). [1811-66] Numerous South African and Fiji phanerogams, purchased 1869 ; 1,199 algae from Australia, the Friendly Islands, and Ceylon, acquired at various dates between 1857 and IDOO. Haslar Hospital. Collections received from, see p. 92. 154 Botany. Hassan (Arthur Hill). [1817-94] His herbarium, containing 883 specimens, the types of his work on the " British Freshwater Algae," presented by his widow, 1894. Hauck (Ferdinand) [1849-89] and Paul Richter. " Phykotheka Universahs," 750 algae in 15 fascicles (1885-96), purchased. Haussknecht (H. Carl), [d. 1903] 3,668 plants from Asia Minor and the Caspian region, purchased 1870 ; 2,928 plants from Greece, purchased 1889. Havers (T.). 82 plants from the Falkland Islands, presented 1874. Haviland (George Darby). [1857- ] 1,031 Bornean plants, received 1893-97. Hayes (Sutton), [d. 1863] 1,320 plants from Panama, purchased 1863-64. Hector {Sir James). [1834- ] 200 New Zealand plants, presented 1876. Heldreich (Theodor von). [1822-1902] 3,220 plants from Greece, purchased at various dates from 1845 to 1897. Heifers (Johann Wilhelm). \d. 1840] Published set of Indian plants (" Fl. Indian Orient.") acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Hellbom (Pehr Johan). [1827-1903] 750 lichens and 250 mosses from Scandinavia, purchased in 1872 and 1891. Heller (A. Arthur). [1867- ] 625 plants from New Mexico and 291 from the Hawaiian Islands, purchased 1895-97. Henriques (Julio Augusto). 198 specimens of Portuguese plants obtained by exchange, 1887 ; 142 plants from St. Thomas, "West Africa, presented 1888. Hepp (Philipp). [d. 1867] His cryptogamic herbarium containing 2,406 lichens, 778 mosses and 1,640 algae, purchased 1868 ; also his " Flechten Europas," 962 specimens in 32 fascicles (1853-67), purchased 1874. Hermann (Paul). [1640-95] His herbarium in 4 vols, of Ceylon plants (with a few from the Cape of Good Hope). It was sent in 1745 by Augustus Giinther, an apothecary at Copenhagen, to Linnaeus, who based upon it his "Flora Zeylanica"; the specimens are named in Linnaeus's hand. It afterwards came into the possession of Count Adam Gottlob Moltke, at whose death it was bought by Prof. Treschow of Copenhagen, who sold it to Sir Joseph Banks for £75. A full account of its contents will be found in Journ. Linn. Soc. Botany. 155 (Botany) xxiv, 129-155. A small collection from the Cape and plants from the Leyden Garden are in Herb. Sloane. Henry (Augustine). [1857- ] 3,090 Chinese jjlants, purchased 1891, 1895. Herpell (Gustav). " Sammlung praparirter Hutpilze," 135 fungi, in 6 fascicles, 1880-92. Heudelot. 117 plants from Senegal, purchased 1861. Hieronymus (Georg Hans Emo Wolfgang). [1846- ] 177 plants from Argentina, purchased 1880. Hildebrandt (Johann Maria). [1847-81] 1,700 plants from Arabia and East Africa, purchased 1873-84 ; 707 plants from Madagascar, purchased 1883-4. Hill (John). [1716-75] Collection of British plants incorporated in the British Herbarium. Hillebrand (William). [1821-86] 452 specimens of plants from the Sandwich Islands, acquired by exchange 1890. Hilsenberg (Carl Theodor) [1802-24] and W. Bojer. Collection of Madagascar plants, purchased 1830 ; 651 Madagascar plants, purchased 1863, 1873. Hirase (Y.). 114 marine algae of Japan, presented 1901. Hobson (Edward). [1782-1830] " British Mosses and Hepaticae," 174 specimens in 2 volumes (1818 and 1822). Hodgson (Elizabeth, Miss). [1814-77] Herbarium of North Lancashire plants as recorded in Journ. Bot. 1874, presented. Hohenacker (Rudolph Friedrich). [1798- ] 650 Caucasian plants, purchased 1846 ; " Algae marinae," 600 speci- mens in 12 fascicles (1852-62), purchased. Holl (C. Friedrich), Johann Karl Schmidt [1793-1850], and Gustav Kunze [1793-1851] " Deutschlands Schwaemme," 225 specimens in 9 fascicles (1815-19), purchased. Holl (Harvey Buchanan). [1820-86] 295 British lichens, presented 1868 ; also his herbarium of lichens and mosseSj presented 1886. Holmes (Edward Morell). [1843- ] " Algae Britannicae rariores," 250 specimens in 10 fascicles (1883- 1900) ; also 204 cryptogams, acquired 1876-1900. 156 Botany. Home {Sir Everard). [1756-1832] 141 plants from the east coast of China, presented 1843-44: ; 1,286 plants from Australia and the Pacific, presented 1846 and 1853. Hooker {Sir Joseph Dalton). [1817- ] 1,404 species, being all the phaenogamous and great part of the cryptogamous plants of New Zealand collected during the voyage of the Erebus and Terror, 1839-43, presented 1845-54. Hooker {Sir J. D.) and Thomas Thomson. 6,246 Indian plants, presented 1855-61. Hope (Charles William Webley). [1832-1904] A collection of Assam ferns, presented 1889. Hoppe (David Heinrich). [1760-1846] "Hortus botanicus Ratisbonensis," 3 fascicles (1807-9), and "Fungi epiphylli," 2 decades (1809-10) ; published set of phanerogams ; all acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Homeman (Jens Wilken). Plants from Greenland and Lapland, acquired with Herb. Shuttle- worth and Herb. Nolte. Horrell (Ernest Charles). [1870- ] 245 British mosses, mostly Sphagna, purchased 1903. Horsfield (Thomas). [1773-1859] Herbarium of Javanese plants, containing the types of Brown and Bennett's " Plantae Javanicae Ptariores," presented by the Directors of the Hon. East India Company, 1858. Hose (Charles). 1,631 plants from Borneo and Celebes, purchased 1900-2. Hostmann (F. W.). 1,168 plants of Surinam, purchased 1842-43. Houstoun (William). [1695-1733] His herbarium, drawings, and MSS. were bequeathed to Philip Miller, from whom they were purchased by Banks. Specimens grown by Miller in Chelsea Garden from seed sent by Houstoun are in Herb. Sloane 146 and 316. The plants were collected by Houstoun in Jamaica, Havana, Vera Cruz and Campeachy, and are the types of numerous descriptions in Miller's " Gardeners Dictionary," ed. viii (1768), and of " Reliquiae Houstounianae " (1781). Howell (Thomas). [1842- ] 197 plants from the Pacific coast, purchased 1886. Howie (Charles). [1811-99] " Musci Fifenses " (c. 1860), 112 specimens, purchased 1897. Huet de Pavilion (E. and A.). 1,588 specimens from Sicily and the East, purchased 1854-67. Botany, 157 Hugh {Father). 3,707 plants from Central and Northern China, purchased 189G-1901. Humblot (Leon). 596 plants from the Comoro Islands, purchased 1885-87. Hunt (Thomas Carew). [d. 1886] Plants from the Azores, acquired with Herb. Miers. Hunter (Robert). [1824 ?-97] A small collection of Bermudan ferns, presented 1877. Hurst (Henry Alexander). [1825 ?-82] 409 plants from Gibraltar and Egypt, presented 1869-81. Husnot (Pierre Tranquille). [1840- ] " Musci Galliae," 900 specimens in 18 fascicles (1870-97) ; " Hepaticae Galliae," 231 specimens in 9 fascicles (1873-1901) ; also 106 Glumiferae and 270 cryptogams of the Antilles, purchased 1873 and subsequently. Huter (Rupert). 2,698 European plants (Dalmatia, the Tirol, N. Italy and Spain), purchased 1867-80. Jack (Joseph Bernhard) [1818-1901], Ludwig Leiner [d. 1901], and Ernst Stizenberger [1827-95] •' Kryptogamen Badens," 1,000 speciniens in 21 fascicles (1860-66), purchased. Jackson (Frederick John). 213 plants from East Africa, presented 1895. Jacquin (Nicolaus Joseph). [1727-1814] His herbarium, purchased by Banks and incorporated in the Banksian collection. Jaczewski (Arthur de), Waldimir L. Komarov and WoLDEMAR Tranzschel. " Fungi Rossiae," 350 specimens in 7 fascicles (1895-99), purchased. Jameson (Hampden Gurney). [1852- ] His herbarium of British mosses containing 3,121 specimens, purchased 1899. Jameson (William). [1796-1873] 2,757 phanerogams and 181 mosses from Columbia and Ecuador, purchased 1846-69 ; and a set of mosses acquired with Herb. Wilson. Jan (Georg). [1791-1866] " Flora Italiae super.," acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Jayakar (A. S. G.). 188 plants from Arabia, presented 1899. Jenman (George Samuel). [1845-1902] 630 plants from British Guiana, presented 1887-90. 158 Botany, Jenner (Edward). [1803-72] _ Herbarium of freshwater algae, containing 6,000 specimens, purchased 1893. Johnson (William). . n ^ • i " North of England Lichen-Herbarium," 360 specimens m 9 fascicles (1894-1900), purchased. Johnston {Sir Harry Hamilton). [1858- ] 461 plants from Tropical Africa, presented 1885-93. Jones (Marcus E.). 5,193 North American phanerogams and 445 cryptogams, purchased 1884^98. Jordan (Alexis). [1814 ?-97] and others. 1,800 rare French plants, purchased 1872. Joshua (William). His lichen herbarium, containing 1,464 specimens representing 97b species, purchased 1880; 1,039 microscope-preparations of cellular plants, purchased at various times, 1880-86. Joshua (W.) and E. M. Holmes. "Microscopical Slides of British Lichens," 48 specimens in one fasci- culus (1879), purchased 1880. Junghuhn (Franz Wilhelm). [1812-64] 236 plants from Java, presented 1850. Jurgens (Georg Heinrich Bernhard). "Algae aquaticae" of East Friesland, 20 decades (1816-24), purchased 1875. Jurgensen ( ). 208 Mexican plants, purchased 1861. Juratzka (Jakob). [1821-78] Austrian and Hungarian mosses acquired with Herb. Hampe. Jussieu (Antoine Laurent de). [1748-1836] Plants from the Paris Garden in Herb. Banks. Kaempfer (Engelbert). [1651-1716] Japanese plants (collected 1691-92) in Herb. Sloane 211. The Coniferae form the subject of a paper by P. A. Salisbury m Journ. Science and Arts, ii, 309-314 (1817). Kassner (Theodor). 1,029 Tropical African plants, purchased 1902. Kalbreyer (E.). 230 plants from Wsstern Tropical Africa, presented 1878. Kalm (Pehr). [1715-79] . Specimens from Canada in Herb. Banks. Botany. 159 Kamel (Georg Joseph). [1661-1706] A Jesuit missionary to the Piiilippines, sent a collection to Petiver in 1701, which is now in Herb. Sloaae (vols. 153, 231, 233). A volume containing Kamel's figures and MS. descriptions of this collectiou (Bibl. Sloane 5,288) was transferred to the Department of Botany from that of MSS. in 1884 ; the descriptions were printed in the Appendix to vol. iii. of Ray's " Historia Plantarum," pp. 43-94. Other descriptions by Kamel form Sloane MSS. 4,078 and 4,081. Karelin (GhrIghoru SIluich) and Porphyrius KirilofF. A set of their collections in Central Asia, 1841-44. Karo (Ferdinand). 348 plants from Dahuria, purchased 1892 ; 392 " Plantae Amuricae," purchased 1902. Karsten (Peter Adolf). [1834- ] " Fungi Fenniae," 1000 specimens in 10 centuries (1865-70), purchased 1873. Keir (Walter), [fi. 1699] Sent plants from Malacca and China to Petiver, acquired with Herb. Sloane. Kellerman (William A.) and W. T. Swingle. " Kansas Fungi," 50 specimens in 2 fascicles (1889), purchased 1899. Kellogg (Albert). [1813-87] 525 Californian plants, purchased 1873. Kerber (Ed.). 689 Mexican plants, purchased 1884-85. Kerner von Marilaun (Anton Josef). [1831-98] 90 critical Salices, purchased 1883 ; his " Flora exsiccata Austro- Hungarica," acquired at various dates. Kiggelaer (Franz). Collection of Cape plants, made in 1701, in Herb. Sloane. King {Sir George). [1844- ] 6,391 Indian and Malayan plants, presented at various intervals from 1886. King {Capt Philip Parker). [1793-1856] 1,120 plants of extra-tropical South America, collected during the voyage of survey in the Adventure and Beagle, and presented by him 1845 ; plants collected in Chili, 1826-27. King (Richard), [fi. 1833-36] See Back. Kirk (Thomas). [1828-97] 700 New Zealand plants purchased 1883, and 89 presented later; hepatics acquired with the Stephani collection. 160 Botany, Kitaibel (Paul). [1757-1817] Types of his Hungarian plants acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Kitton (Frederic). [1828-95]. *' Norfolk Diatoms," 50 slides in 2 series, purchased 1885 and 1893. Klonne (J.) and G. Muller. 64 microscope-preparations of bacteria, purchased 1885. KneifF (Friedrich Gotthard) \d. 1832] and Emanuel Fried- rich Hartmann. "Plantae Cryptogamicae " of Baden, 200 specimens in four fascicles (1828-30), purchased 1871. Kneiff (Friedrich Gotthard) \d. 1832], and Maercker. " Musci frondosi," of Alsace, 250 specimens in 10 fascicles (1825-32), acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Kneucker (J. Andreas). Sets of German Cyperaceae, Juncaceae and Graminae, purchased at various dates. Knight (Charles). 100 New Zealand lichens, purchased 1877. Koehne (Bernhard Adalbert Emil). [1848- ] " Herbarium Dendrologicum," 335 specimens purchased 1897-1900. Koenig (Johann Gerhard). [1728-85] Sent Indian plants to Banks, 1776 ; herbarium and MSS. bequeathed to Banks. Kotschy (Theodor). [1813-66] 4,263 plants from the Orient, Levant, and Nubia, purchased 1840-67. Kralik (Jean Louis). [1813-92] 395 plants from Tunis, purchased 1856. Krattli (J. L.). 165 plants from the Engadine, purchased 1870. Krauss (Ferdinand). 513 plants from Natal, purchased 1840. Krieg (David), [fl. 1699-1703] Maryland plants in Herb. Sloane. Krieger (Karl Wilhelm). " Fungi Saxonici," 1700 specimens in 34 fascicles (1885-1902), pur- chased; "SchadHche Pilze unserer Kulturgewachse," 100 specimens in 2 fascicles (1896 and 1899), purchased 1899. Kutzing (Friedrich Traugott). [1807-93] " Algarum aquae dulcis Germanicarum decades xvi " (1833-36), purchased ; 835 marine algae, purchased 1867, and his entire collection of Diatomaceae, nearly 200 gatherings, purchased 1868. Botany. 161 Kunze (Johann). [cl 1881] "Fungi select! exsiccati," 410 specimens in 8 fascicles (1875-79), purchased 1878-81. Kurz (SuLPiz). [1833 ?-78] _ 432 cryptogams of Burmah, presented 1874 ; other specimens acquired with the collections of Hampe and Stephani. La Billardiere (Jacques Julien Houton de). [1755-1834] Specimens from Australia in Herb. Banks, Herb. Brown, and Herb. Pallas; mosses and hepatics iu Herb. Bescherelle and Herb. Stephani. La Peyrouse (Philippe Picot). [1744-1818] Plants from Pyrenees in Merb. Poemt'r, acquired with Herb. Shuttle- worth. Laestadius (Lars Levi). [1800-61] 06 species of Salix, purchased 18(39 from Herb. N. B. Ward. Lagasca (Maeiano). [1776-1839] A few plants in Herb. Banks. Lambert (Aylmer Bourke). [1761-1842] Among the purchases at the sale of his collections in 1842 were the herbaria of Pallas, Piuiz and Pavon, and George Forster, with Indian plants from F. Buchanan Hamilton, and plants from French Guiana collected by Martin, Lament (James). 499 Hong Kong plants, presented 1874 ; 362 Australian phanerogams and 96 mosses, presented 1884, 1890-91 . Landor (A. H. Savage). 70 plants from Tibet, presented 1898. Larbalestier (Charles Du Bois). "Lichenes Caesarienses et Sargienses," 280 specimens in about 6 fascicles (1867-72), purchased 1868, 1873 ; " Lichen Herbarium," 360 specimens in 9 fascicles (1879-81), purchased 1880 and subsequently; " Lichenes yEgyptiaci," 22 specimens, purchased 1880 ; a series of rare British lichens, purchased 1880. Lauterbach (Carl). 108 plants from New Guinea, purchased 1898. Lawrence {Sir James John Trevor). [1831- ] Specimens of cultivated orchids, presented at intervals since 1885. Lawson (Isaac), [fl. 1737-47] Plants from Padua in Herb. Sloane. Lawson (John), [d. 1712] Carolina plants in Herb. Sloane. Lawson (Marmaduke Alexander). [1840-96] 100 Indian plants, presented 1887. vol. i. m 162 Botany, Lay (George Tradescant). \d. 1845] A small collection from Macao, collected during Beechey's voyage in 1827. Lea (Thomas Gibson). [(7. 1849?] Cincinnati mosi^es acquired with Herb. Wilson. Lea (Thomas Simcox). §1,377 Australian plants, 125 from Hawaii and others from Brazil; presented 1886-87. Leche (Johan). [1704-64] Swedish plants in Herb. Banks. Ledebour (Karl Friedrich von). [1785-1851] A few ]dants in Herb. Banks. Leefe (John Ewbank). " Salictum Britannicum," purchased 1862. Lehmann (Friedrich Carl). [1850-1903] 3,369 plants from Central and South America, purchased 1887-93. L'Herminier (Fi^lix Louis). [1779-1883] 134 ferns of Guadaloupe, purchased 1873 ; a series of mosses from Guadaloupe in Herb. Hampe and Herb. Bescherelle. Leichardt (Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig). [1813-48] A collection of Australian plants, purchased 1858. Leighton (William Allport). [1805-89] "Lichenes Britannici," 410 specimens in 13 fascicles (1851-1867), and 230 Welsh lichens, purchased at intervals 1866-1875. Le Jolis (Auguste Francois). " Algues marines de Cherbourg," 280 specimens in 14 fascicles (c. 1863), purchased 1880. Lemmon (John Gill). 2,284 plants from Arizona, etc., purchased 1882-86. Lesquereux (Leo). [1800 ?-89] North American plants, and cryptogams from the Jura, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Libert (Marie Anna, Mdlle.). [1782-1865] " Plantae cryptogamicae " of the Ardennes, 400 specimens in 4 fascicles (1830-37), purchased 1866. Liebman (Frederik Michael). [1813-56] Mexican hepatics acquired with Herb. Hampe. Limminghe {Count Alfred de). \d. 1861] A large series of lichens, purchased 1862 ; among them are a number of specimens from Commerson, which were given by Jussieu to Dr. H. A. Weddell and by him given to Mr. Gray, who presented them to Gount Limminghe, Botany. 163 Lindberg (Gustap Anders). [1832-1900] Brazilian Muscineae acquired with the collectious of Hampe and Steph'rini. Lindberg (Sextus Otto). [1835-1889] 2,057 mosses, including many authentic specimens, from liis herbarium, purchased 1886. Lindberg (S. 0.) and E. Fr. Lackstrom. " Hepaticae Scandinavicae," 50 specimens (1874), purchased 1875. Lindeberg (Carl Johan). [1815-1900] "Hieracia Scandinavicae exsiccata," purchased. Linden (Jean Jules). [1817-98] 1,143 plants from Columbia, purchased 1843-68. Lindheimer (Ferdinand). [1801-79] 775 plants from Texas, purchased 1845-50. Lindig (Alexander). The types of his lichens from New Granada, 667 specimens, purchased 1875 ; also the types of his mosses, acquired with Herb. Hampe. Lindsay (William Lauder). [1829-80] 343 lichens and other cryptogams, presented 1871 ; plant-remains from New Zealand, Scotland, etc., presented 1874. Linhart (Gyorgy). [1844- ] " Fungi Hungarici," 5 centuries (1882-86), purchased 1899. Linnaeus (Carl). [1707-78] The herbarium of PAfJL Hermann {q.v.) contains the i)lants on which Linnaeus's "Fiora Zeylanica " is based, with names in his MS. A few specimens were obtained by Banks from the Linnaean herbarium by exchange with Sir J. E. Smith. Clifford's herbarium, containing the plants described by Linnaeus in the " Hortus Cliffortianus " (1737) was bought by Banks in 1791. See Clifford. Linton (Edward Francis) [1848- ] and William Richardson Linton. Sets of British Eubi, Salices, and Hieracia, purchased 1892, etc. Lister (Arthur). [1830- ] 1,101 slides and 619 specimens, illustrating his Monograph of the Mycetozoa, presented 1894-1902 ; 110 British Mycetozoa with 36 coloured drawings, presented 1890. Llewelyn (John Dillwyn). 99 freshwater algae and 129 lichens, presented 1889. Lobb (Thomas), [d. 1894] 711 plants from Malasia, purchased 1846-48; 819 plants from the Eastern Archipelago, presented by H. J. Veitch, Esq., 1888; 400 plants from Borneo, purchased 1894. M 2 164 Botany. Lobb (William). [1809-63] 388 phanerogams and cryptogams from Western North America » purchased 1854. Loftus (AViLLiAM Kennett). [c. 1821-58] 305 plants from Persia, Syria, etc., presented 1850-56. Lojacono-Pojero (Michele). [1853- ] 1,000 Sicilian plants, purchased at various dates from 1880. Lojka (Hugo). " Lichenes Hungarici," about 450 specimens (1873, etc.), purchased. London (George), [d. 1713] His herbarium (1673), consisting largely of cultivated plants, in Herb. Sloane. Lord (Job), [fi. 1704] Carolina plants in Herb. Sloane. Lorentz (Paul Gunther). [1835-81] 136 plants from Argentina, purchased 1878 ; mosses of Bavaria, etc. acquired with Herb. Hampe. Loureiro (Juan). [1715-96] Sent in 1774, a small collection of Cochin-China plants to his friend Capt. Riddel, in the E.I.C. service, who presented them to Banks. See Journ. Bot., 1902, 389. Lowe (Richard ThOxAias). [1802-74] 68 plants of Mogador, presented 1859 ; part of his herbarium, con- taining a series of the typical plants of bis " Manual Flora of Madeira," bequeathed by him 1875. Lowne (Benjamin Thompson). 550 plants from Palestine, purchased 1864. Ludwig (Christian Friedrich). [1757-1823] " Kryptogamische Gewiichse des Riesengebirge " (c. 1795), acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth in 1877. Lund ( ). 228 plants from Finmark, etc., presented 1843. Lunt (William). 156 plants from Hadramaut, Arabia, presented by J. T. Bent, 1894. Lyell (Charles). [1767-1849] 1,673 cryptogams fiom his herbarium, including his reference-set of British hepatics, presented 1898-99. Lyle (Thomas), [d. 1859] Collection of mosses, acquired with Wilson's Herbarium. Lynch (Thomas Kerr). [1818-91] 294 plants from Northern Persia, presented 1849. Botany, 165 Lyon (Georgp: Jasper). [1816-62?] His herbarium, consistino- of 2,542 cryptogams from various quarters, piircliased 1862. Mabille (Jules P.). 350 Corsican phanerogams, purchased 1872. McArdle (David). 250 Irish hepatics, purchased 1900. Macarthur {Sir William), [fi. 1848-63] 245 Austrahan plants, presented. Macartney {Lord). See Staunton. Macbride (ThoxAias H.). 62 specimens of North American Mycetozoa, acquired by exchange, 1892-94. McCormick (Robert). [1800-90] Collections formed during the Arctic and Antarctic expeditions, 1827-53, bequeathed by him. MacGillivray (John), [d. 1867] 795 plants from islands of the South Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, purchased 1855-63, and 218 from Brazil and the Atlantic islands, pre- sented by the Admiralty, 1856. Macgrigor {Sir James), [ji. 1799-1829] Mauritius plants collected about 1820. Maclvor (William Graham). \d. 1876] "Hepaticae Britannicae," containing 132 species, purchased 1847. Macmillan (Conway). [1867- ] 597 plants from Minnesota, acquired by exchange, 1896. Macoun (James Melville). [1862- ] 240 Canadian plants, presented 1896. Macoun (John). [1832- ] 2,087 ])hanerogams and 1,875 collected during the Geological Survey of Canada, and presented at various dates from 1887. MacOwan (Peter). 910 South African plants, presented 1875-76. MacOwan (Peter), and Harry Bolus. A series of plants, forming their " Herbarium Austro-Africanum," acquired in 1885 and at various later dates. Macrae (James), [fl. 1823-30] 1,079 plants of Ceylon and 320 from the Sandwich Islands, purchased 1856. 166 Botany. MacRitchie (William). [1754-1837] Scottish plants from R. Brown's Herbarium, acquired 187G. Macvicar (Symers M.). 178 of the rarer hepatics Irom Scotland, presented from time to time, 1899-1902. Maiden (Joseph Henry). [1859- ] 372 plants, chiefly Australian, acquired by exchange, 1900-2. Maingay (Alexander Carroll). [1836-69] 323 plants from Malaya, purchased 1871. Malbranche (Alexandre FRANgois). [1818-88] " Lichens de la Normandie " (1863), incomplete set of 100 specimens presented by the Council of the Linnean Society, 1896. Malcolm (William). [/. 1778-1805] Plants in Herb. Banks from his garden at Kensington. Malinvaud (Ernest). 63 critical species of Mentha, presented 1900. Mandon (Gilbert). [1799-1866] 1,250 plants from Bolivia, purchased 1868, and 458 from Madeira, purchased 1873 ; mosses acquired with Herb. Bescherelle. Mansel-PleydeH (John Charles). [1817-1902] 191 plants from Uruguay, presented 1886, and numerous additions to the British Herbarium presented at various intervals. Maries (Charles), [d. 1902] 209 Japanese plants, presented 1886 ; 420 plants from Gwalior, presented 1891. Markham {Sir Clements Robert). [1830- ] Specimens of Cinchona from the Government plantation at Ootaca- mund, presented 1873. Marschall von Bieberstein (Friedrich August). [1768- 1826] Plants in Herb. Banks. Marsden (William). [1754-1836] Plants from Sumatra in Herb. Banks. Marshall (Edward Shearburn). [1858- ] A large series of specimens of critical British plants, presented at various intervals from 1888. Martin (Joseph). About 400 Guiana and Cayenne plants, purchased at Lambert's sale, 1842 — "this collection was found in the French ship of \va.r VUnion^ a prize captured by two British privateers in 1803 " : 772 Guiana plants, presented 1847. Botany. 167 Martius (Karl Friedrich Philip von). [1794-1868] 134 Brazilian plants, acquired 1841 ; mosses in Herb. Hampe. Mason (Nathaniel Haslope). [ -I860?] 400 Madeira plants, purchased 1858. Massee (George Edward). [1847- ] 300 British fungi, presented 1891. Masson (Francis). [1741-1805] Was sent to the Cape from Kew Gardens in 1772 at the instance of Banks, and subsequently on other collecting expeditions ; his plants from all the localities visited are in Banks's Herbarium. He collected at the Cape in 1772-73 and again in 178G-95 ; in the Canaries and Azores, 1776-78 ; in the West Indies, 1779-80 ; in Spain and Portugal in 1783 ; in North Africa, 1783 ; and in North America and Canada (where he died) in 1797-1805. There is also in the Department a volume of his drawings, from which descriptions of several new species have been drawn up. Masters (Maxwell Tylden). [1833- ] A small collection of Indian grasses and Cyperaceae, with original drawings by the late Dr. Wight, presented 1875. Mathews (Andrew), [d. 1841] Collections of Peruvian plants, purchased 1834 and 1840. MaunseU (F. R.). 169 plants from Sivas, Asia Minor, presented 1898 ; 180 plants from Van, Armenia, presented 1901. Maw (George). [1832- ]. 416 specimens of crocus with 72 specimens of corm-tunics, forming the collection illustrating his monograph of Crocus, presented 1885. Maximowicz (Carl Ivanovitch). [1827-91] 1,539 Japanese and Manchurian plants, acquired by exchange, 1885. Maxwell (George). 300 plants of South-Western Australia, purchased 1861. Maze (Hippolyte Pierre). [1818-92] 1,509 marine algae, representing the species described in Maze and Schramm's " Algues de la Guadaloupe," purchased 1887. Meerseveen ( ). CuUection of Cape plants in Herb. Sloane, ]Hirchased 1757. Meisner (Karl Friedrich). [1800-74] Plants from various localities, with notes, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Melvill (James Cosmo). [1845- ] 157 plants, mostly Australian, and 44 algae from IMauritius, presented at various dates from 1881. 168 Botany, Menzies (Archibald). [1754-1842] Plants from western Coast of America and Pacific Islands in the Banksian Herbarimn ; another collection, which included the herbarium of John Zier, was acquired by exchange from New College, Edinburgh, 1886. Merrett (Christopher). [1614-95] A large number of plants, mostly from English and foreign gardens, were purchased by Sloane and are in his herbarium. Metz ( ). 2,300 plants from the Nilgherries, etc., purchased 1867. Meyen (Franz Julius Ferdinand). [1804-1840] Mosses and hepatics from Manilla, acquired with Herb. Hampe. Miers (John). [1789-1879] His herbarium of phanerogams, containing the types of the species described in his numerous systematic works, together with an extensive series of South American plants collected by hnuself and others, sup- plemented by additions from other regions, Avith his oiiiiiual drawings and notes, bequeathed 1879. His fern herbarium, containing 2,006 species, was presented by his son, J. W. Miers, Esq., in 1887. Migeod (J. W. H.). 123 plants from West Africa, presented 1898. Migula (Walter), Paul Sydow, and Lars Johan Wahl- stedt. "Characeae exsiccatae," 150 specimens in 6 fascicles (1892-1901), purchased. Miller (Charles). [1739-1817] Sent plants from Sumatra to Banks in 1778. Miller (0. O.). 266 plants from Margarita Island, Venezuela, purchased 1902. Miller (Philip). [1691-1771] His herbarium, consisting largely of plants cultivated in Chelsea Gardens, of which he was curator 1722-70, was bought by Banks in 1774 and incorporated in the Banksian collection ; it contains the types of his " Gardeners Dictionary " and a large number of American plants from W. Houstoun. Other plants from Miller are in the Sloane Herbarium. Milligan (Joseph). [1807-1883?] 529 Tasmaninn plants, presented 1863-68. Milne (William Grant). \d. 1866] 112 plants from Old Calabar, purchased 1866. Mitchell (John), [d, 1772] Plants from Virginia in Herb. Banks. Botany. K'g Mitchell {Sir Thomas Livingstone). [1792-1855] 485 plants from New South Wales, collected on an exiiedition into the interior and presented by him, 1847. Montagne (Jean Fran9ois Camille). [1784-1866] Many types of cryptogams acquired with the collections of Hampe VVilson, Bescheielle, and others. Moon (Alexander), [d. 1825] 373 plants from Kandy, Ceylon, collected in 1819 and sent to Banks. Moore (Alexander Goodman). [1830-95] 179 British plants and a set of Irish hepaticae, presented at various dates from 1863. Moore (Charles). 333 Austrahan plants, presented 1868. Moore (David). [1807-79] Irish mosses, acquired with Herb. Wilson. Moore (Frederick William). [1857- ] Specimens of orchids cultivated in the Botanic Gardens, Dublin, presented at intervals from 1885. Moore (Spencer le Marchant). [1850- ] 1,100 plants from Matto Grosso, Brazil, including the t3'pes of his enumeration in Trans. Linn. Soc, Ser. 2 (Bot.), iv, 265-516, purchased 1894 ; 300 plants from Coolgardie, W. Australia, including the types of his enumeration in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) xxxiv (1899), purchased. Moore (Thomas). [1821-87] British Herbarium, presented by the Director of the Royal Gardens. Kew, 1887. • j » Moritz (Karl). [1796-1866] 2850 Venezuela plants, purchased 1865 ; mosses and hepatics acquired with Herb. Hampe. Morong (Thomas). [1827-94] 608 ])lants of Paraguay, purchased 1891-94. Moseley (Harriet), [d. 1867] Herbarium of British plants, accompanying her collection of drawings, purchased 1886. Mossman ( ). 108 phanerogams and 107 cryptogams of New Zealand, purchased 1850-51; 365 plants from King George's Sound, S. Australia, purchased 1860. => o , ,1 Mougeot (Antoine), Ch. Manoury, L. Dupray, and Casimir Roumeguere. "Algues de France," 13 centuries (1883-91), and 3 centuries of " Rehquiae Brebissonianae " (1886), purchased 1886-92. 170 Botany. Mougeot (Jean Baptiste), [1776-1858], J. Antoine Mougeot, Christian Gottfried Nestler, [1778-1832], and Wilhelm Philipp Schimper [1808-80]. "Stirpes cryptogamae Yogeso-Rlieuanae," 1,500 specimens in 15 fascicles (1810-60), purchased 1873. Mudd (William). [1830-79] " Liclienes Britannici " 300 specimens in 3 fascicles (1861), included in a purchase of 601 British lichens made in 1861 ; 80 specimeus illus- trating his " Monograph of the British Cladoniae," purchased 1865. Mueller {Sir Ferdinand Jakob Heinrich von). [1825-96] 4,220 plants from Australia and New Guinea, presented at various dates from 1863. Mueller (Karl August Friedrich Wilhelm). [1818-99] Many types of mosses, acquired Avith the herbaria of Hampe and Bescherelle. Muller (Walther Otto). " Cladoniaceen von tSTord-Deutschland," 50 specimens, purchased 1870. Munby (Giles). [1813-76] 208 jDlants from Algeria, purchased 1850. Murbeck (Svante Samuel). [1859- ] 494 plants from North Africa, purchased 1898. Murray (Johann Andreas). [1740-91] A selection from his Herbarium, acquired 1872. Murray (Richard Paget). [1842- ] 390 plants from Iberian Peninsula, purchased 1889 ; 400 from the Canaries, purchased 1898 ; 139 from the Canaries, presented 1900. Mussin Puschkin {Count Apollos). 206 Caucasian Plants in Banksian Herbarium, received 1804. Nadeaud ( ). " Mousses de Tahiti," 81 specimens, purchased 1898. Naegeli (Karl Wilhelm von). [1817-91] 300 specimens of Hieracia, purchased 1884. Neger (F. W.). " Uredineae Austro-Americanae," 50 fungi, issued as a supplement to Sydow's " Uredineen," purchased 1897. Nelson (David), [d. 1789] Austrahan, Cape, and Timor plants in Banksian Herbarium. Nichol (E., 3Irs.). S(^ plants from the Falkland Islands, presented 1899. Niven (James). [1774?-1826] South African plants in Banksian Herbarium. Botany. \ 7 1 Noe (Wilhelm). "Herbarium Noeanum " (eastern plants), acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Nolte (Eenst Ferdinand). [1791-1875]. An extensive selection of plants from bis herbarium, incluaino- specimens from Forskal, Cavanilles, Delile, Thuillier, Allioni, etc., a complete set of Fries' Herbarium Normale, and Hansen's plants of Scldeswig-Hol stein, purchased 1875 (see p. 104). Nordstedt (Carl Fredrik Otto), [1838- 1 and Lars Joiiwn Wahlstedt. "Characeae Scandinaviae," 120 specimens in 3 fascicles (1871-71), purchased. Norman (George). [1823-82] 155 microscope-preparations of Diatomaceae, purchased 1888, 1890. Norrlin (J. P.) and William Nylander. " Herbarium Lichenum Fenniae," 450 specimens in 9 fascicles (1875- 82), purchased 1875 and subsequently. NuttaH (Thomas). [1786-1859] His herbarium containing 5,750 species, including tj-pes of the North American plants described in his works, purchased 1860. Nylander (William). [1822-99] 1,279 species of lichens, purchased 1874-79 ; these include his " Herbarium Lichenum Parisiensium," 150 specimens in 3 fascicles (1855-57), and a series of 78 from the Eastern Pyrenees (1872). Nyman (Carl Fredrik). [1820-93] 269 phanerogams and 100 mosses from Swedeu, purchased 18G5. Oersted (Anders Sandoe). [1816-72] Mosses of Costa Pica, acquired with Herb. Hanipe. Okamura (Kintaro). " Algae Japonicae," 50 specimens, purchased 1899. Oldenburg ( ). [d. 1774] About 1,000 Cape plants, collected 1772, in the Banksian Herbarium. Oldenland (Henrik Bernhard). [/. 1737] " Hortus siccus Capensis " sent to Petiver, and acquired by Sloane. Oldham (George). 168 mosses from New Zealand, purchased 1862. Oldham (Richard). [1837-64] 1,138 plants from Formosa, purchased 1866-70. Olguin ( ). 309 plants from Kurdistan and Luristan, purchased 1854. 172 Botany. O'Meara (Eugene), [c. 1815-80] His collection of Diatomaceae, 1155 microscope-preparations, purchased 1882. Ommaney {Cajpt. H. T.). 94 plants from Johannesburg, presented 1902. Orcutt (Charles Russell). 824 Californian plants, purchased 1885-87. Orphanides (Theodor Georg). [1817-86] 1,012 Grreek plants, purchased 1886-90. Ortega (Casimiro Gomez). [1740-1818] Plants in Banksian Herbarium, sent in 1777. Oudemans (Cornelius Anton Jan Abraham). "Fungi Neerlandici," 3 centuries (1875-79), purchased 1879-80. Oudney (Walter). [1790-1824] See Clapperton, Hugh. Packman (J. D. V.). 260 plants from Tenasserim, presented 1844. Painter (William Hunt). 1,730 British plants, presented at various dates from 1882. Pallas (Peter Simon). [1741-1811] His herbarium containing the types of Gmelin's Flora Sibirica and of Pallas's own publications ; also specimens from Thunberg, Banks, Forster, Steller, Georgi, Merk, &c. ; from 2,000 to 2,250 species, purchased at Lambert's sale, 1842. Palmer (Edward). [1833- ] 3,196 plants from New Mexico and California, purchased 1886-99. Pancher (Jean Armand Isidore). 880 plants fiom New Caledonia, purchased 1872. Paris (Edouard Gabriel). 500 plants from North Africa, purchased 1871-72. Parish (Samuel B.). 578 Californian plants, purchased 1883-98. Park (MuNGo). [1771-1805] A small collection of African plants. Parrv (Charles Christopher) [1823-90] and George Vasey fl822-93] 1,962 Mexican plants, purchased 1882. Parry {Sir William Edward). [1790-1855] Plants collected during his Arctic voyages, 1820. Botany. I73 Pavon (Jos6). South American plants acquired witli Herb. Slmttlewortli. See also lluiz and Pa vox. Pearce (Nathaniel), [c. 1780-1820] A small collection of Abyssinian plants made 1809-19. Pearce (Richard). \d. 1868] 2,275 plants from South America, purchased 1885. Pearson (William Hexry). [1849- ] His herbarium of hepatics, about 9000 specimens, including the types of his book on the "Hepaticae of the British Isles" and of his other memoirs, purchased 1902. Percival (John). [1863- ] Set of European cereals, purchttsed 1902. Perrottet (George Samuel). [1793-1870] 481 plants from Senegal, 256 from the Nilgherris, and 52 from Guadaloupe, purchased 1862-07 ; mosses acquired with the collections of Hampe, Bescherelle, Stephani and Wilson. Peters (Albert). 400 European Hieracia, purchased 1885-86. Petiver (James), [d. 1718] His numerous and important botanical collections from many parts of the world, were purchased by Sloane and form part of his herbarium. Philippi (Rudolf Amandus). [1808- ] 564 plants from Chili, purchased 1868. Phillips (LoRT, Mrs.). 451 specimens from Somali-land, presented 1897. Phillips (William). [1822- ] "Elvellacei Britannici," 201 specimens in 4 fascicles (1874-81), bequeathed by C. E. Broome, 1886. Pichler (Thomas). 300 species of Greek plants, purchased 1878. Piggot (Horatio). 2,383 specimens of British and foreign lichens, including Dr. Bichard Deakin's herbarium, presented 1889 ; also 54 British fungi, presented 1890-92. Pinard (C). Plants from Caria (1843), acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Pire (Louis). •' Mousses de la Belgique," 50 specimens (1870), purchased 1899. Pitcairn (William). [1711-91] Plants from his garden at Islington, in Kerb. Banks. 174 Botany. Pittier (Henri de Fabrega). 117 plants from Costa Rica, purcliased 1808. Pittoni (Giuseppe C. de). 132 plants from South Europe, presented 1869. Plant (R. W.). 100 South African plants, purchased 1853-57. Plo Wright (Charles Bagge). [1849- ] "Sphaeriacei Britannici," 3 centuries of Fungi (1873-78), purchased. Also 86 British Fungi, presented at various times, 1884-99. Plukenet (Leonard). [1642-1706] A folio volume, "Herbarium vivum" of cultivated plants. His principal collections are incorporated in the Sloane Herbarium. Pocock (Robert). [1760-1830] Herbarium of British plants, presented by his biographer, Mr. G. M. Arnold, 1884. Poeppig (Eduard Friedrich). [1798-1868] South American plants acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth ; crypto- gams with the collections of Hampe and Stephani. Pohl (JoHANN Emmanuel). [1782-1834] Brazilian plants, some acquired with Brown's herbarium. Polakowsky (Hellmuth). A set of his "Flora Costaricensis," purchased 1875. Poore (Dyke, Miss). 117 marine algae from Jersey; purchased at various times, 1862-85. Porta (PiETRo) [1852- ] and Gregorio Rigo. [1841- ] 1,611 Spanish and Balearic plants, purchased 1880-92. Post (George ED^yARD). 1,655 Syrian plants, acquired 1878-1902. Powell (Thomas), [d. 1887] 154 Ferns and other cryptogams from Samoa, presented 1899. Praeger (Robert Lloyd). [1865- ] 480 British plants, purchased 1894. Prain (David). [1857- ] 1,403 plants from the Calcutta Herbarium, acquired by exchange 1899-1902. Pratt (Antwerp E.). 771 plants from Szechuen and the Tibetan frontier, purchased 1891. PresGott (John D.). \d. 1837] 757 plants, mostly Russian, purchased 1861. Botany. 175 Presl (Karel Boriwog). [1794-1852] A small set of his "Reliquiae Haenkeanae" acquired with Ilerb. Shuttleworth. Preston (Thomas Arthur). [1833- ] 294 British. plants, presented 1887-88. Prichard (H. Hesketh). 130 plants from Patagonia, presented 1902. Priestley {Sir "William Overend). [1829-1900] A collection of British Carices, with the parts of the inflorescence and fruit carefully dissected and drawn, presented 1889. Pringle (Cyrus Guernsey). [1838- ] 3,435 Mexican plants, purchased at various dates from 1S8G. Prior (Richard Chandler Alexander). [1809-1902] 994 plants from Styria, Dalmatia, and Italy, and a large number of South African plants, presented 1868. Pritzel (Ernst). 1,015 i)lants from West Australia, purchased 1901-2. Puccinelli (Benedetto). [1808-50] 588 Italian plants, purchased 1868. Pulteney (Richard). [1730-1801] Herbarium of British plants, purchased 1863. Rabenhorst (Gottlob Ludwig). [1806-81] His published sets : " Algen Sachsens " and " Algen Europas," about 2.600 specimens in 259 decades (1848-79) ; " Klotschii Herb. Mycolog. Ed. II," 800 specimens in 8 fascicles (1855-58) ; " Fungi Europaei," 43 centuries (1859-79), continued by Winter, and subsequently by Pazschke; "Cryptogamae vasculares Europaeae," 160 specimens in 5 fascicles (1858-72) ; " Bryotheca Europaea," 1,450 mosses in 29 fascicles (1858-84), completed by Winter; "Hepaticae Euro])aeae," 66 decades (1856-79), pubhshed by collaboration with Gottsche; "Lichenes Europaei," 974 specimens in 36 fascicles (1855-79) ; " Characeen Euro- pas," 121 specimens in 5 fascicles (1857-78), published by collaboration with Al. Braun and Stizenberger ; " Diatomaceae exsicc. totius terrarum orbis," 100 specimens (1871) ; " Lichenes Cliinenses," 36 specimens (1873). These were purchased at various dates from 1862. Ralfs (John). [1807-90] "British Algae," 40 specimens published c. 1850; his microscope preparations of algae, 3,137 slides, ]iresented by his son in 1890 ; his herbarium of cryptogams containing 1,968 specimens, purchased 1892. Ralph (Thomas Shearman). [1892?] 167 plants from New Zealand, purchased 1854-59. Ramage (G. A.). 172 plants from Brazil, purchased 1888 ; 485 plants from Dominica, presented by the Council of the Koyal Society. 176 Botany. Rand (Isaac), [d. 1743] His herbarium, presented by the Apothecaries' Company, 1862, from which selections were made for the British collection. Rand (Richard Frank). [1856- ] 988 plants from South Africa, presented 189S-1902. . Ravenel (Henry William). [1814-87] " Fungi Caroliniani," 5 centuries (1852-60) ; " Fung;i Americani," 8 centuries (1877-82) ; his herbarium, consisting of 14,550 cryptogams, amongst which are the types of 152 new species, was purchased in 1891. Rawson {Sir Rawson William). [1812-99] 2,000 South African and West Indian ferns, purchased 1900. Ray (John). [1627-1705] His herbarium of European plants, presented by the Apothecaries* Company, 1862. Reed (Edwyn C). 773 plants from Chili, purchased 1875. Regel (Albert). [1815-92] 663 Turkestan plants, acquired by exchange, 1885. Rehm (Heinrich). "Ascomycetes exsiccatae,'' 1,450 Fungi in 29 fascicles, in progress since 1874, purchased. Rehmann (Anton). 2,176 phanerogams and 1,293 cryptogams from South Africa, pur- chased 1881-90. 191 plants from Cherson, purchased 1872. Rehmann (Anton) and Woloszczak (Eustache). "Flora Polonica exsiccata " (900 species), purchased 1895-1902. Reichenbach (Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig). [1793-1879] " Florae Germaniae exsiccata " (phanerogams and cryptogams), purchased. Reichenbach (H. G. L.) and C. Schubert. " Lichenes exsiccati," 125 specimens in 5 fascicles (1822-24), incom- plete, purchased 1899. Reichenbach (Heinrich Gustav). [1823-89] 107 Orchideae, presented 1876. Reid (Clement). [1853- ] 393 specimens of fruits of British plants, presented 1885-1902. Reinsch (Paul Friedrich). 59 microscope-pre|:arations of algae from the Cape and Kerguelen's Land, purchased 1876. Botany. 177 Renauld (Ferdinand) and Jules Cardot. " Musci Americae septentrionalis," 350 specimens in 7 fascicles (1802-1901), purchased. Renous ( ). 175 plants of Chili, purchased 1844. I Requien (Esprit). [1788-1851] Set of his Corsicau plants, purchased. Renter (Georges FRANgois). [1815-72] Spanish plants acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. I Richardson {Sir John). [1787-1865] | 1,919 plants of North America, including types described in Hooker's I " Flora Boreali- Americana," presented by the Lords of the Admiralty 185G. I Richardson (Richard). [1663-1741] 1 Plants in Herb. Sloane. I Ridley (Henry Nicholas). [1855- ] i 750 plants from Pernambuco, presented 1887 ; 200 from Fernando | Noronha, presented by the Royal Society; 8,618 plants and 428 woods i from Malasia, presented at various dates from 1889. Robb {Br.). 100 Calabar plants, purchased 1870. Robertson (James). Plants from Johanna Island, Bombay, Madras, China, and St. Jago, sent to Banks 1772-76. Robertson (James). 194 plants from Honduras, purchased 1890. j Robinson (Benjamin Lincoln). I 205 North American plants, presented 1895-1902. Robinson {Mrs.), [d. 1847] Herbarium of British plants, bequeathed 1847. i Roemer (Johann Jakob). [1763-1819] His herbarium, containing many types of Roemer and Schultes's " Sy sterna Vegetabilium," acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Rogers (William Moyle). [1835- ] 617 specimens of South African plants, presented 1885 ; 65 specimens { of Rubi, presented 1898. I Rohr (Julius Philipp Benjamin von). [1737-93?] West Indian plants in Herb. Banks. j Remain (Ch.). ^ 966 Algerian plants, purchased 1868. vol. I. N 178 Botany. Romell (Lars). [1854- ] " Fungi exsiccati praesertim Scandinavici," 2 centuries (1890 and 1895), purchased 1896. Roper (Feeeman Clarke Samuel). [1819-96] 151 British plants, presented 1881-90; 538 American plants, presented 1883 ; collection of diatoms, consisting of 3,580 slides, bequeathed 1896- Rosendahl (C. O.) and Carl J. Brand. 100 plants from Vancouver Island, purchased 1902. Rossmassler (E. A.). [1806-67] 166 plants from Spain, purchased 1856. Rostan (Edouard). [1835-95] 650 European plants, purchased 1869. Rothery (Henry Cadogan). 247 Guiana plants, presented 1845. Roxas (Clemente y Rubio Simon) [1777-1827] and Leblech. Plantas de Andalucia, 1803, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Roxburgh (John), [ji. 1809] Plants from the Cape. Roxburgh (William). [1751-1815] Large collections from various parts of India and plants from St. Helena in the Banksian Herbarium ; others acquired with Herb. Shuttle- worth. Royen (Adrian von). [1705-79] Plants from East Indies in Herb. Banks. Roze (Ernest) [1833-1900] and Emile Bescherelle. " Muscinees des environs de Paris," 250 specimens in 10 fascicles (1861-66), purchased 1883. Rudbeck (Olof). [1660-1740] Plants from Lapland in Herb. Sloane. Rudge (Edward). [1763-1846] Arranged general herbarium of 4,138 species and 772 plants from Guiana collected by Martin, including many types described by Rudge, presented by Mrs. Rudge, 1847. Rugel (Ferdinand). [1806-79] 240 plants from south Europe, purchased. 1874 ; a large collection of Florida plants, containing numerous types, forming part of the Shuttle- worth herbarium, purchased 1877. Ruiz (Lopez Hipolito) [1754-1815] and Jose Pavon. Herbarium containing 1,500-1,750 species, with a separate collection of fruits and of Cmchona barks, and the original MSS. relating to their travels in 1777-1788, jjurchased at Lambert's sale, 1842. Botany. X79 Rusby (Henry Hurd). 1,435 South American plants, purchased 1888-96. Russell (Alexander [d. 1768] and Patrick [1726-1805]) A large collection of plants from Aleppo in the Banksian Herbarium tlie types of the descriptions (by Banks and Solander) in the " Natural History of Aleppo," ed. 2, ii. 237-271 (1794). Ruysch (Frederick). [1638-1731] Herbarium formed in Holland about 1657, in Herb. Sloane. Ryan (John), [fi. 1797] West Indian plants in Herb. Banks. Sabbati (Liberato). [6. 1714] Herbarium in two folio volumes, dated 1768, transferred from the Department of MSS., 1871. Sabine {Sir Edward). [1788-1883] Plants collected in Arctic expeditions, 1818-20, from Herb. R Brown Herb. K. Forster, etc. ' Saccardo (Domenico). [1872- ] " Mycotheca Italica," containing 12 centuries of Fano-i (1898-1903) purchased. ° '^' Saccardo (Pier' Andrea). [1845- ] "Mycotheca Yeneta," 1600 specimens in 16 centuries (1874-81) purchased in 1875 and subsequently. Sadler (John). [1837-1882] 360 British mosses and 150 lichens, purchased 1861. Sagot (Paul Antoine). [1821-89] 954 plants from French Guiana, purchased 1868. Sagra (Ramon de la). [1798-1871] 110 plants from Cuba, purchased 1872. Salisbury (Richard Anthony). [1761-1829] Plants from his garden at Chapel Allerton, in Herb. Banks. Salle (Charles). 1,143 plants from Mexico, New Orleans, etc., purchased 1855-58. Salt (Henry). [1785?-1827] Collection of Abyssinian plants presented to Banks ; list by Pobeit Brown in appendix to Salt's " Voyage to Abyssinia," 1814. Salvador y Riera (Juan). [1683-1726] Plants from the Balearic Islands (1711-12), in Herb. Sloanc. Salwey (Thomas), [d. 1878] 4 centuries of British lichens, issued under the title, " Licheues centum ex herbario T. Salwey," purchased at intervals, 1800-62. N 2 180 Botany. Sartwell (Henry Parker). 213 Carices of North America, purchased 1869. Saunders (James). [1839- ] 147 phanerogams and 192 mosses, mostly from Bedfordshire, acquired 1882-99. Saunders (William Wilson). [1809-79] A large collection of plants, purchased 1874. Sauter (Anton Eleutherius). [1800-81] Muscineae of the Eastern Alps, acquired with Herb. Hampe. Schaerer (Ludwig Emanuel). [1785-1853] " Lichenes Helvetici," 650 specimens in 26 fascicles (1823-52), purchased 1874 ; a second edition was acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Schaffner (S. Wilhelm). 483 Mexican plants, purchased 1884. SchefFer (Rudolph Herman Christian Carel). [1844-80] 276 woods from Java, presented 1872. Scheuchzer (Johann Jakob). [1672-1733] Grasses and other plants in Herb. Sloane. Schiede (Christian Julius Wilhelm) \d. 1836] and Friedrich Deppe. A set of their Mexican collections. Schiffner (Victor Felix). [1852- ] 113 hepatics from the Malay Archipelago, purchased 1898. Schimper (Wilhelm). [1804-78] 828 Abyssinian and Arabian plants, jmrchased at various dates from 1841 ; 2000 Abyssinian plants, including all the types of his " 1863-68 " collection, purchased 1869. Schimper (Wilhelm Philipp). [1808-80] "Musci Europaei," 500 specimens (1840), purchased 1844; his "Pugillus Muscorum Europaeorum," 273 specimens, purchased 1865. Schinz (Hans). [1858- ] 456 plants from various localities, chiefly South African, acquired by exchange, 1893-1902. Schlagintweit, the Brothers. 2,050 plants from the Himalayas and Tibet, purchased 1886, 1900. Schlechter (Friedrich Reichardt Rudolph). [1872- ] 3,317 South African plants, purchased at various dates from 1893. Schleicher (J. C). Published centuries of Swiss plants, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Schlimm (Louis). 465 plants from New Granada, purchased 1862. Botany, 181 Schmitz (Friedrich). [1850-95] His collection of 7,457 microscope preparations of marine algae, being the types of his Florideae as classified in Engler and Prantl's " rflanzcn- familien," purchased 1899. Schomburgk {Sir Robert Hermann). [1804-65] 2,341 plants from British Guiana, presented at various dates from 1836. Schonland (Selmar). [1860- ] 251 plants from South Africa, presented 1901-2. Schott (Arthur Carl Victor). [1814-75] 1,000 plants collected in Yucatan in 18G5, purchased 1871. Schousboe (Peter Kofod Anker). [1766-1832] 497 " Algae Schousboeanae," mostly from Tangier, collected by Schousboe and edited by Kralik and others, purchased 1883 ; 92 phane- rogams from Morocco, purchased 1873. Schrenk (Alexander Gustav). [1816-76] 151 plants of Dzungaria, purchased 1880. Schultz (Friedrich Wilhelm). [1804-76] " Flora Germanica et Galliae " (1836-53), continued as " Herbarium Normale " (1856- ), purchased at various dates. Schultz (Karl Heinrich, Bipontinus). [1805-67] 1,226 Compositae, purchased 1863-72. Schumann (Walther). 208 Mexican plants, purchased 1889. Schwanecke (Carl). [1821- ] Mosses of Porto Eico, acquired with Herb. Hampe. Schweinfurth (Georg August). [1836- ] 1,494 plants from East Africa and Arabia, juirchased at various dates from 1867 ; Tirolese plants, collected 1857, acquired with Herb. Shuttle worth. Scortechini (Benedetto). [1845-86] 237 phanerogams and ferns from Perak, presented 1884-86. Seemann (Berthold Carl). [1825-71] 450 plants from the South Sea Islands, etc., collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Herald (1852), and presented by Sir J. Liddell, C.B. ; 594 plants of Fiji (" Plantae Vitienses "), purchased 1861 ; and upwards of 2,000 species from Eskimo-land, Panama, Mexico and Hongkong, being the types of "Botany of the Voyage of H.M.S. Herald" putchaseil 18G2; 238 plants from Nicaragua, purchased 1867. Sello or Sellow (Friedrich). Brazilian plants collected 1815-17; others acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth, etc. 182 Botany. Sendtner (Otto). [1814-59] Austrian and Dalmatian Muscineae. Seringe (Nicolas Charles). [1776-1858] " Mousses Helvetiques," edition i with S^decades (1804-6), and edition ii with 100 specimens (1809) ; series of Viola, with printed tickets and notes ; acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Seymour (Arthur Bliss) and F. S. Earle. " Economic Fungi," 590 specimens in 11 fascicles with supplement (1890-99), purchased. Shakespear (Roger). Plants from Jamaica and South America, collected 1777-82, in Herb. Banks. Sharpe (Daniel). [1806-56] 105 plants from Portugal, purchased 1871. Shaw (G.). 144 Madagascar ferns, purchased 1880. Sherard (William). [1659-1728] Plants in Herb. Sloane. Sherring (Richard Vowell). Collection of ferns from the island of Grenada, presented by the West India Exploration Committee, 1891. Shockley (W. H.). 134 plants from North China, presented 1900; 180 plants from Siberia, presented 1901. Shoolbred (William Andrew). [1852- ] 204 British plants, presented 1895-98. Short (Charles Wilkins) [1794-1863] 406 plants from Kentucky collected by him, and presented by Sir John Eichardson, 1860. Shuttleworth (Robert James). [1810-74] His extensive herbarium, purchased 1877 ; for contents, see p. 105. Sibthorp (John). [1758-96] Plants from Greece in Herb. Banks. Sieber (Franz Wilhelm). [1789-1844] Plants from New Holland, Crete, and Martinique, purchased 1872. Siehe (Walter). 842 plants from Asia Minor, purchased 1897-99. Simons (F. A. A.). 82 East African plants, purchased 1877 ; 206 South American plants, purchased 1879-81. Botany, 183 Sinclair (Andrew). \d. 1861] 600 New Zealand plants, purchased 1858. Sintenis (Paul). 500 European cryptogams, purchased 1882; 2,077 Oriental plants, purchased 1884-1902 ; 2,499 plants from Porto Rico, purchased 1899- 1900. Small (John Kunkel). [1869- ] 52 "Mosses of the Southern United States," and 58 "Lichens of North America," purchased 1898. Smeathman (Henry). [/. 1750-87] Plants from Sierra Leone and West Indies in Herb. Banks. Smith (A. Donaldson). 456 plants from East Tropical Africa, presented 1895 anc 1900. Smith (Annie Lorrain, Miss). [1854- ] 271 British marine algae and 112 slides, presented 1892-94; 84 specimens and 78 microscope-preparations of British micro-fungi, pur- chased at intervals from 1894 to 1903. Smith (Christopher), [d. 1806?] Plants collected (with James Wiles) on Bligh's voyage to Otaheite, 1791-93; and plants and drawings from the Moluccas, "1796-1805, in Herb. Banks. Smith (Christian). [1785-1816] Plants from Madeira, Tenerifife, etc. (1815), and the Congo (1816), described by K. Brown in the Appendix to Tuckey's " Narrative of Expedition to River Zaire," 1818. Smith (Hamilton L.). " Species typicae Diatomacearum," 750 preparations for the microscope, purchased 1888. Smith (Herbert H.) and George Whitfield Smith. [1860- ] 635 plants from St. Vincent, collected by them, and presented by the West India Exploration Committee, 1891. Smith {Sir James Edward). [1759-1828] Plants in Herb. Banks from the Linnean Herbarium acquired by exchange with Banks. Smith (John). [1798-1888] His herbarium, containing upwards of 10,000 ferns and a large collection of flowering plants, chiefly garden specimens, purchased 1865-66. Smith (John Donnell). [1829- ] 670 plants from Guatemala, presented 1900. Smith (W. E.). 110 plants from Orkney and Shetland, presented 1884. 184 Botany, Smith (William). [1808-57] His collection of Diatomaceae, comprising 729 slides and 512 diatomaceous earths. Smith (WoRTHiNGTON George). [1835- ] 304 sjDecies of British Fungi, purchased 1871 ; and 47 Fungi and 216 microscope-preparations, acquired at various times, 1877-99. Societas Unitatis Fratrum (Moravian Brethren). About 500 specimens sent to Banks from Tranquebar, 1775, 1778. See Journ. Bot. 1902, 388. Soleirol ( ). 035 Corsican plants, purchased 1858. Solms-Laubach (Hermann 6rra/ 2m). [1842- ] Algarviau mosses (1866), acquired with Herb. Hampe. Somerset (Mary), nee Capel, Duchess of Beaufort. [1630?- 1714] Plants from her garden at Badminton in Herb. Sloane. Sowerby (James). [1757-1822] His herbarium containing the types of the plants figured in *' English Botany," purchased 1859 ; models of 168 British Fungi, made by Sowerby during the preparation of his book on " English Fungi," purchased 1844. A Guide to Sowerby's Models, written by Mr. Worthington G. Smith, has been published by the Department. Spegazzini (Carlo). [1858- ] " Decades Mycologicae Italianae," 120 fungi (1879), purchased 1880, and "Hongos Sud- Americanos," 5 decades of Argentine fungi (1881), purchased 1882. Spruce (Richard). [1817-93] 408 mosses and hepatics from the Pyrenees, purchased 1847 ; 4,235 phanerogams and 2,467 cryptogams from the Amazons and Andes, purchased at various dates from 1851 ; 850 plants from the Tirol, purchased 1866. Statter (John Whewell). [1829-96] 980 specimens of Australian and British plants, presented 1902. Staunton (Sir George Leonard). [1737-1801] A larse collection of plants made during Lord Macartney's embassy to China, 1793, and sent to Banks. Stenfort (F.). " Algues marines," 48 French Algae with text (1874), purchased. Stenhammar (Christian). [1783-1866] " Lichenes Sueciae exsiccati," edition ii, 240 specimens in 8 fascicles (1 860-65), presented by the C'ouncil of the Linnean Society in 1896. Stephani (Franz). 11,920 hepatics, being a series of co-types from his herbarium and illustrating his numerous memoirs, purchased 1895, 1896. Botany. ISo Stewart (James). 162 plants from Zambesi, purchased 1863. Strachey {Sir Richard) and James Edward Winterbottom [1803-54]. Himalayan herbarium (1,747 species), presented by the East India Company, 1852. Stfib^ny (V.) 551 plants from Bulgaria, purchased 1894-1902. Strickland {Lieut. Walter). 118 plants from West Africa and the Sandwich Islands, presented 1850. Strickland (W. W.). 202 British and 84 foreign fungi, presented at various times, 1888- 1895. Sturt (Charles). [1796-1869] Australian plants, acquired with Brown's herbarium. Suksdorf (Wilhelm N.). 674 plants from Washington Territory, purchased 1882-84, and 208 from Colorado, purchased 1886. Sullivant (William Starling). [1803-73] " Musci Alleghanienses," containing 215 mosses and 77 hepatics, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth in 1877; numerous specimens com- municated by him to Wilson and to Hampe are now incorporated in the general collection ; " INlusci Boreali-Americani," edition ii, prepared by Sullivant and Lesquereux, 536 specimens, purchased 1866. Swartz (Olof). [1760-1818] Plants (mostly from West Indies) in Herb. Banks ; Swartz worked in the Banksian Herbarium in 1786. See Journ. Bot. 1897, 20. Sydow (Paul). "Mycotheca Marchica," 49 centuries of German fungi (1888-99), purchased (century i was published by Zopf and Sydow) ; " Uredineen," 1,650 fungi in 33 fascicles (1888, &c.), purchased ; " Ustilagineen," 300 fungi in 6 fascicles (1894, &c.), purchased; " Phycomyceten uud Pro- tomyceten," 200 fungi in 4 fascicles (1897, &c.), purchased. Tate (Ralph). [1840-1901] 269 plants from the Shetland Islands, purchased 1865; 323 plants from Nicaragua, purchased 1869. Taylor (James). 100 plants from Davis Strait, purchased 1861. Taylor (Thomas), [d. 1848] Numerous types of mosses, hepatics and lichens, acquired with Herb. Wilson, 1873. 186 Botany. Taylor (W. E.) 1922 plants from East Tropical Africa, presented at intervals between 1882 and 1888. Tedlie (Henry). [1792?-1818?] Plants collected during Bowdich's mission to Ashantee ; list on pp. 470-74 of the published account of the mission. Tempere (J.) " Genera des Diatomees," 150 microscope-slides^in 6 sets (1888-1900), acquired with the Deby collection in 1893. Tempere (J.) & Dutertre (E.). " Champignons de France," 250 microscope-slides in 10 sets (1892-93), purchased. Tempere (J.) & Peragallo (H.). " Diatomees du monde entier," 625 microscope-slides in 25 sets (1889-95), acquired with the Deby collection in 1893. Tempere (J.) & Petit (Paul). " Diatomees de France " (continued by Tempere & Peragallo), 400 microscope-slides (1887-1900), acquired with the Deby collection in 1893. Tenore (Michele). [1780-1861] Italian plants, acquired with Herb. Shuttle worth. Thedenius (Knut Eredrik). [1814-94] "Musci Sueciae," fascicles 6 and 7 (1839), forming a continuation of the set published by Sv. Joh. Lindgren, and subsequently completed by Sillen, acquired with Herb. Hampe. Thomas (Emmanuel) [1788-1859] and Philippe Thomas. \d. 1831] Plants collected in Switzerland, Corsica and Sardinia, acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Thompson (John Vaughan). [fl. 1807-29] Plants from Madagascar. Thomson (Thomas). [1817-78] Indian plants. See Hooker and Thomson. Threde (H. C). " Algen der Nordsee," 100 specimens in 5 parts (1832-34), acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Thumen (Baron Eelix Charles von). [1839-92] "Fungi Austriaci," 1,300 siDecimens in centuries (1871-75) ; "Mycotheca Universalis," 2,300 fangi in centuries (1875-84); "Pilze des Wein- stockes," 25 fungi (1878) : purchased at various times, 1872-84. Thunberg (Carl Pehr). [1743-1822]- Plants from Japan and the Cape in Herb. Banks. Botany, 187 Thurn (Everard Ferdinand im). 315 plants from Roraima, presented 1885. Thurston (Edgar). 131 Indian marine algae, presented 1889, 1900. Thwaites (George Henry Kendrick). [1811-62] 2,861 specimens of Ceylon plants. Tilden (Josephine E.). " American xilgae," 6 centuries, purchased. Tindall (Ella M., Mrs). [1850- ] 267 microscope-preparations of British, hepatics, acquired by exchange, 1894, 1895. Tiselius (Gustav August). [1833- ] " Potamogetones Suecici exsiccati," purchased 1895-97. Todaro (Agostino). [1818-92] Set of Sicilian plants, purchased at various intervals. Tonduz (Adolphe). 878 plants from Costa Rica, purchased 1899-1902. Tournefort (Joseph Pitton de). [1656-1708J Collection from the Levant made about 1702; other collections in Herb. Banks. Tracy (S. M.). 1,513 plants from Southern United States, purchased 1901-2. Trail (James William Helenus). [1851- ] 160 palms from the Amazons,. presented 1876. Trevor-Battye (Aubyn Bernard Rochfort). 94 plants from Kolguev, presented 1895. Triana (Jose Jeronimo). [1828-90] Herbarium of New Grenada plants, containing 4,490 species, pur- chased 1891. Trimen (Henry). [1843-96] Herbarium of British plants (about 3,000 sheets), presented in 1873, and specimens from Ceylon, etc., presented at various times. Trimen (Roland). [1840- ] 192 plants from the Cape, presented 1871. Tuckerman (Edward). [1817-86] 20 forms of Potamogeton from Northern United States, presented 1849 ; " Licbenes Americae Septentrionalis," 150 specimens in 6 fascicles (1848-54), purchased 1875 ; 82 plants of New England, purchased 1875. TuUidelph (Walter). Plants from Antigua, collected 1729, in Herb. Sloane. 188 Botany, Tweedie (James). [1775-1862] A collection of Buenos Ayres plants, purchased 18-16. Tyrrel (J. Burr). 125 plants from Klondike, presented 1900. Tyson (William). 401 algae from Cape Colony, presented from time to time, 1891-96. Ulef (Ernesto). " Bryotheca Brasiliensis," 2 centuries, purchased in 1891 and 1895 ; *' Herbarium Brasiliense," 445 cryptogams, purchased 1899. United States Exploring Expedition. [1853-56] 106 lichens from the North Pacific, acquired by exchange 1899. Uvedale (Robert). [1642-1722] Plants from his garden at Enfield in Herb. Sloane. Vahl (Jens Lorenz Muestue). [1796-1854] Plants from Iceland, Greenland, etc., acquired with Nolte's herbarium. Vaillant (Sebastiex). [1669-1722] Plants from the Paris Garden in Herb. Banks. Van Heurck (Henri). 400 Belgian plants, purchased 1864-70 ; " Types du Synopsis des Diatomees de Belgique," 550 microscope-slides in 22 series (1882-85), purchased. Veitch (Harry James). [1840- ] 140 plants from Juan Fernandez, S. America, and Java from various collectors, presented 1877 ; 40 ]dants from Costa Rica, presented 1872 ; species of Nepenthes, presented 1876 and 1878. Veitch (James Herbert). 138 plants from West Australia and 72 from Korea, presented 1893. Vere (James), [fi. 1798] Plants from his garden at Paddington in Herb. Banks. Vernon (William). [/. 1688] Plants from East Indies and Maryland in Herb. Sloane. Vestergren (Tycho). " Micromycetes rariores selecti praecipue Scandinavici," 625 specimens in 25 fascicles (1899, etc.), purchased. Vieillard (Eugene Deplanche Emile). [1824-75] 256 plants from New Caledonia, purchased 1873. Vienna, K.K. Naturhist. Hofmuseum. "Kryptogamae exsiccatae," 8 centuries (1894-1002), acquired by exchange. Botany. 189 Vize (John Edward). "Fungi Britannici," 2 centuries (1873, 1875), bequeathed by C. E, Broome, 1887; "Micro-fungi Britannici," fascicles iv-vi, 300 specimens acquired 1899; "Micro-fungi exotici," 40 specimens (1883), acquired 1887, Vogel (Eduard). [1829-56] 144 plants from Tripoli and Bornou, presented 185G. Volkens (W.). 1,173 plants and 68 woods from Kilimanjaro, etc., purchased 1895. Waghorne (Arthur Charles). 699 mosses, 597 lichens and 166 fungi of Newfoundland and Labrador, purchased at various times, 1893-99. Wagner (Hermann). " Cryptogamen-Herbarium," 125 specimens in 5 parts (1854-55); second series, 100 specimens in 4 parts (1854-62), bequeathed by C e' Broome in 1886, Wagner (J.). 160 plants from the East, purchased 1894. Wahlenberg (Goran). [1780-1851] Lapland plants acquired with Herb. Shuttle worth ; Norwegian plants in Herb. Banks. Wainio (Edvard August). 565 " Lichenes Brasilienses," purchased 1892. Walker {Lieut. -Col George Warren), [d. 1844] 305 plants from Singaj^ore and Penang, presented 1862. WaUace (Alfred Russel). Ferns collected in Borneo, 1863. WaUich (Nathaniel), olim Nathan Wolff. [1786-1854] A collection of East Indian and Malayan plants, presented by the East India Company at dates from 1829 to 1849 ; 595 South African plants, presented 1844. Wallis (GusTAv). [d. 1878] Muscineae from the Philippines (1870) and New Granada (1871-75), acquired with the Hampe and Stephani collections. Walter (Thomas). [1740 ?-83] His herbarium (1786-88) containing many of the plants described in his " Flora Caroliniana " (1788) : it was presented by him to John Fraser, whose son gave it to the Linnean Society in 1849, and it was purchased for the Department at the sale of the Society's surplus collections in 1863. Ward (Nathaniel Bagshaw). [1791-1868] Collections from his executors, 1869, see p. 99. 190 Botany, Warnstorf (Carl). "Europaische Torfmoose," series i-iv (1888-1894), 238 specimens, purchased 1900; " Deutschlands Lebermoose," 93 specimens (c. 1880), purchased. Warren (John B. L.). See De Tablet. Wartmann (Bernhard) [1830-1902] and B. Schenk. " Schweizerische Kryptogamen," 700 specimens in 14 fascicles (1862-69), purchased 1872 and 1896 ; also centuries viii and ix (1880, 1882), edited by B. Wartmann and G. Winter, purchased 1896. Watt (George). [1851- ] 74 species of Indian plants, presented 1886 ; Diatomaceae and other fresh-water algae collected by him in the Manipur expedition, presented 1887. Weale (James Philip Mansel). Asclepiadaceae and Orchidaceae from Cape Colony, presented 1877. Weathers (John). [1867- ] 545 specimens and sketches of orchids, purchased 1897. Webb (Philip Barker). [1773-1854] 298 Canarian plants, presented 1844—45. Webster (Leonard). 270 plants from West Australia, purchased 1902. Weddell (Hugh Algernon). [1819-77] 213 lichens from his herbarium, presented 1874. Weir (John), [d. 1898] 390 mosses, chiefly South American, purchased 1871 ; 64 lichens and 74 New Granadao, and 51 Brazilian phanerogams, purchased 1872 ; also plants from Miers's herbarium. Welwitsch (Friedrich Martin Josef). [1806-72] 1701 Portuguese plants, purchased 1848-58. The second set of his collections in Angola, etc., was acquired by the Trustees in 1876, in accordance with a decision of the Court of Chancery. These specimens are the types for the Catalogue of his plants prepared in the Herbarium by Mr. W. P. Hiern, Dr. Rendle, and other botanists, and issued by the Trustees in 1896-1901. West (William). [1875-1901] 893 microscope-preparations of British fresh-water algae, purchased from time to time, 1898-1900. Westendorp (Gerard Daniell) and Wallays (A. E. P.). " Herbier Cryptoaamique," 1,400 Belgian cryptogams in 28 fascicles (1845-60), purchased 1871. Weymouth (W. A.). 100 species of mosses from Tasmania, presented 1897. Wheler (Sir George). [1650-1724] Plants from Greece in Herb. Sloane. Botany, 191 Whitehead (John). [1860-99] Collections of plants from the Philippines, presented 1895, 1897. Whitfield (Thomas). 90 plants from West Tropical Africa, presented 1843-48. Whitmee (S. J.). 52 plants from Ellice and Gilbert groups, 370 from Samoa, 148 from Lifu, Loyalty Islands ; purchased 1 878. Whyte (Alexander). 220 plants from Milanji, E. Tropical Africa, enumerated and described in Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot., Ser. 2, vol. iv. Wickham {Capt. B.N.). 170 Australian plants, presented 1842. Wight (Robert). [1696-1872] 1100 Indian plants, purchased 1869. Wiles2(JAMEs). [fl. 1790-1805] Plants collected (with Christopher Smith) on Blio-h's vovao-e to Otaheite, 1791-93. "" " ° Wilkinson (Sir John Gardner). [1797-1875] 400 species collected by him in Egypt, presented 1834. Willkomm (Heinrich Moritz). [1821-95] Spanish plants acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth. Wilms (Friedrich). 2,073 South African plants, purchased 1898-1900. Wilson (John Bracebridge). [1828-95] 523 Australian algae, presented 1885-93 ; his collection of Victorian algae, containing 1,485 sj^ecimens and 140 microscope-slides, purchased 1896. Wilson (William). [1799-1871] His herbarium of British and exotic mosses and hepatics, consisting of upwards of 50,000 specimens, critically annotated and illustrated with innumerable pencil drawings. This large and important collection was purchased in 1873 ; in it are contained the materials upon which Wilson based his " Bryologia Britannica " (1855) and his descriptions of the mosses of Ross's Antarctic expedition, Seemann's "Voyage of the Herald," Drummond's mosses of the Southern United States, and other collections ; also numerous authentic specimens of the greatest utility from notable herbaria, and gatherings of mosses from mo'^t parts of the world (c/. Journal of Botany, 1875, p. 180). In 1874 Wilson s lichens and fungi and supplementary mosses were purchased ; in 1900, 437 of his British mosses were acquired by exchange from Warrington Museum. Wimmer (Friedrich). [1803-68] 272 specimens of Salices, purchased 1871. Winterbottom (James Edward). [1803-54] See St R ACHE Y. 192 Botany. Wirtgen (Philipp). [1806-71] 732 critical plants from the Rhine region, purchased 1863-70. Wittrock (Veit Brecher). [1839- ] Set of critical Erythraeae, purchased 1886-91. Wittrock (V. B.), O. Nordstedt^ and Nils Gustap Lager- heim. [1860- ] "Algae aquae dulcis exsiccatae praecipue Scandinavicae," 1,400 specimens in 29 fascicles (1877-96), purchased 1878-97. Lagerheim's connection with this set began with fasc. 26. Wolley-Dod {Major Anthony Hunt). 1,866 South African plants, presented 1898-1902. Woloszczak (Eustache). " Flora Polonica exsiccata," purchased. Wood (Henry Hayton). [1825-82] Collection of mosses, chiefly British, purchased 1883. Wood (James Medley). 2,339 South African plants presented and acquired by exchange from 1884 to 1901. Woolward (Florence, Miss). Specimens of Masdevallia, presented 1889-99. Wooton (Elmer 0.). 428 Mexican plants, purchased 1901. Wright (Charles). [1811-85] 1,369 plants of New Mexico, purchased 1850-53 ; 2,127 phanerogams of Cuba, purchased 1865. Wright (Edward Perceval). [1834- ] Plants from the Seychelles, presented 1871. Wright (William). [1735-1819] Jamaica plants in Herb. Banks. Wyatt (Mary, Mrs.). " Algae Damnonienses," 237 specimens, chiefly from Devonshire, issued in 4 fascicles and a supplement (c. 1833-40), partly purchased from Mrs. Griffiths in 1852 and the rest acquired with Herb. Shuttleworth in 1877. Yates (James). [1789-1871] Collection of Cycadaceae, presented 1866. Yerbury (Major). 57 plants from Aden, presented 1884-85. Young (Alfred Prentice). [1841- ] A large collection of Indian plants, presented 1884. Botany, 193 Young (James Forbes). [1796-1860] His British herbarium and collection of cryptogams, transferred from the Kew Herbarimn, 1884. Young (William), [fl. 1753-84] Folio volume of Carolina plants collected in 1767 ; figures of the same in another volume. Zenker (Gkorg). 1,515 plants from the Cameroons, purchased 1897-1902. Zetterstedt (Johan Emanuel). [1828-80] " Grimmieae et Andreaeae exsiccatae," 50 critical specimens, chiefly Scandinavian, acquired with Herb. Wilson in 1874. Zetterstedt (J. E.) and Wickbom (J. A. O.). 50 phanerogams and 75 cryptogams of Scandinavia, purchased 1871. Zetterstedt (J. E. and P. L.). Published set of Norwegian phanerogams. Zeyher (Karl Ludwig Philipp). [1799-1858] 1,500 plants from South Africa, purchased 1846. Zier (John), [d. 1796] Herbarium and MSS. acquired by exchange from New College, Edin- burgh. See Journ. Bot. 1886, 101. Zimmermann (Oskar Emil Rheinhold). \d. 1903] 120 microscope-slides of fungi, purchased 1880. Zimmermann (Albrecht). 180 Siamese plants, purchased 1901. Zollinger (Heinrich). [1818-59] 697 plants of Java, purchased. 1857-58. GEORGE MURRAY. VOL. I. THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY. o 2 THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY. 1. General Sketch. The collection of fossils was originally assigned to the com- prehensive Department of Natural History, which remained undivided until 1837, when Mr. Charles Konig, who had been Keeper since 1813, was relieved of the care of Zoology and Botany, and became Keeper of the newly-formed Department of Geology and Mineralogy. He had already displayed a predilec- tion for organic remains, having published an account of the fossil human skeleton from Guadaloupe in the Philosophical Transactions for 1814, and an illustrated work on some of the fossils in the British Museum under the title " Icones Fossilium Sectiles " (London, 1820). Mr. Konig was succeeded as Keeper by Mr. George Robert Waterhouse in 1851 ; and the Depart- ment gained additional strength by the appointment of Professor (afterwards Sir Richard) Owen as Superintendent of the Natural History Departments in 1856. With the help of Dr. Samuel P. Woodward, who had been Assistant since 1848, and Mr. William Davies, who had been an Attendant in the Museum since 1843, the collection of fossils and minerals had now become so important, that in 1857 the Department was further sub-divided into those of Geology and Mineralogy, Mr. Waterhouse retaining the Keepership only of the former. Immediately afterwards, in 1858, Dr. Henry Woodward was appointed an Assistant, and on the death of Dr. S. P. Woodward in 1865, he became chiefly responsible for the arrangement of the Inverte- brata, and devoted himself specially to researches on the Arthropoda. Mr. William Davies was occupied with the arrangement of the Vertebrata, working chiefly in association with Professor Owen, and in 1875 he was promoted to the rank of Assistant. On the retirement of Mr. AYaterhouse in 1880, Dr. Henry Woodward became Keeper of the Department of Geology ; and the removal of the collection to the new Natural 198 Geology, History Museum at South Kensington then afforded the much- needed space for expansion. In 1881 Mr. Robert Etheridge ■was transferred from the Geological Survey to fill the newly- established office of Assistant-Keeper of Geology, and the staff assumed its present number, namely, a Keeper, an Assistant- Keeper, and four Assistants. Mr. Etheridge retired in 1891 after accomplishing much work on the collection of British fossil Invertebrata, and was succeeded as Assistant-Keeper by Dr. Arthur Smith Woodward, who had been an Assistant since 1882, occupied with the arrangement of the fossil Vertebrata in general and the cataloguing of the fossil Fishes in particular. Dr. Henry Woodward retained the Keepership until the end of the century, installed the collection in the new Galleries, and arranged for the publication of a long series of Catalogues, especially of the fossil Vertebrata, which added greatly to the value and usefulness of the Department. Naturally the collection of fossils increased slowly at first, but during recent years its growth has amply kept pace with the more rapid progress of discovery and research. The first important addition to the original Sloane cabinet was Brander's collection of Upper Eocene shells from the Hampshire cliffs received in 1766. In 1813 it was enriched by the fossil man from Guadaloupe, which was deemed one of the most startling- discoveries of the time. In 1818 to 1822 Cuvier made some donations to illustrate his work on fossil bones, which was then attracting universal attention. Mantell similarly presented specimens to explain his pioneer discoveries in Sussex, until his whole Museum was purchased by the Trustees in 1839. The unexpected discovery of a hysena den at Klirkdale, Yorkshire, made classic by Buckland's description, was illustrated imme- diately by a donation from Messrs. Salmond and Gibson in 1823. The equally remarkable discoveries of marine reptiles in the Lias of Dorsetshire and Somersetshire were to be best appreciated by a study of the collection of Thomas Hawkins, which was purchased in 1834 and 1840. An Irish Deer was first mounted in the Museum in 1844, and the American Mastodon was acquired in the same year. At this period, indeed, the exhibition of extinct animals was beginning to be imposing, as may be realised by a reference to the early popular writings of Mantell. At the same time, stratigraphical geology and fossil Inverte- brata were by no means neglected. In 1816 the Museum was fortunate enough to obtain the original collection of fossils made Geology. 199 by William Smith, the "Father of English Geology," to illustrate his work " Strata Identified by Organized Fossils," which was published in the same year. Private collections, like that of Gilbertson, were also acquired in rapid succession. The most important addition of this kind was James Sowerby's Collection, which was purchased in 1860, and contained most of the original British fossils described in his "Mineral Con- chology." As the British Dependencies and Colonies were gradually explored, nearly all the pioneer collections of fossils reached the Museum. Cautley presented his Vertebrata from the Siwalik Formation of India in 1840; Bain, Atherstone, and others sent fossil Reptilia from the Karoo Formation of South Africa ; Sir Thomas Mitchell, Sir Daniel Cooper, Dr. George Bennett, Mr. G. F. Bennett, and others contributed extinct Marsupials and other Vertebrata from Australia ; while the Hon. Walter Mantell and many other explorers in New Zealand sent important collections of remains of the extinct birds of that country. The Department of Geology, in fact, now comprises most of the original type-specimens of the fossil Vertebrata discovered in the British possessions. Discoveries abroad have also received much attention, and among unique acquisitions may be enumerated the Pomel and Bravard Collections of French Tertiary Vertebrata purchased in 1851-52, the Archseopteryx purchased in 1862, the Van Breda Collection of Maastricht and other fossils purchased in 1871, and the Forsyth Major collection of Lower Pliocene Mammalia from Samos purchased in 1889-90. Even the Arctic Regions are well represented by fossils collected by the Nares expedition in 1875-76, by the McCormick Collection bequeathed in 1890, and by the Spitzbergen fossils obtained by Dr. J. W. Gregory during the Conway Expedition in 1896. During recent years many classic collections made by British palaeontologists have been acquired by the Department of Geology. Among these are the Egerton and Enniskillen Collections of fossil Fishes; the Leeds Collection of Oxfordiau Reptilia; the Davidson Collection of Brachiopoda ; the Brodie Collection of fossil Insects ; the Nicholson Collection of Stroma- toporoids ; the Williamson Collection of Carboniferous Plant- sections ; and the Rufford Collection of Wealden Plants; besides several others of less extent. 200 Geology. 2. A Chronological Account of the Principal Accessions TO THE Collection of Fossils in the Department of Geology to the end of 1900. The following list of acquisitions, arranged in chronological order, includes only those collections and noteworthy specimens which have proved of special importance in the progress of Palaeontology or are associated with its history. The records of the early years are unfortunately very incomplete. Under each of the later years, important general collections (if any) are mentioned first, while the other acquisitions are recorded approxi- mately in zoological order, beginning with the Mammalia. 1753. The collection of fossils was begun by that contained in the Museum of Sir Hans Sloane, Bart., which in this year was purchased for the nation and formed the foundation of the British Museum. 1759. On January 15th, the collections having been removed to Montague House, the Museum was opened for study and public inspection. 1763. A piece of silicified wood from Antigua was presented by Mr. Andrew Lessly. Tertiary shells from Sicily were presented by Mr. Thomas Hollis of Corscombe, Dorset. 1766. The series of Eocene shells and other remains from the Hampshire cliffs, collected and presented to the Museum by Gustavus Brander, F.R.S., was completed this year, and described in a special work by Dr. Solander ("Fossilia Hantoniensia, tfec," 1776). 1767. Some remains of Mastodon americanus, from the banks of the river Ohio, U.S.A., and a molar tooth of Mastodon humboldti, Geology. 201 from an unknown locality in South America, were presented by the Earl of Shelburne. A mandibular ramus of M. americanus in this collection was described and figured by John Hunter, Phil. Trans., vol. Iviii. (1768), p. 34, pi. iv., figs. 1, 3; while the South American tooth was subsequently figured by Falconer and Cautley, "Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis," pi. xl., fig. 10, under the name of M. andium. 1781. The Royal Society's collection of "natural and artificial curiosities," presented to the Museum this year, comprised several fossils. 1784. A mandibular ramus of Mosasaurus cam/peri, froDi the Upper Cretaceous of Maastricht, was presented by Dr. Peter Camper, through Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. 1791. A pair of antlers of Irish deer (Cerviis cjiganteiis), from Ireland, was presented by Lord Cremorne. 1795. Tertiary shells and corals from Jamaica were presented by Dr. Broughton. 1799. The bequest of Rev. Mordaunt Cracherode, containing many common fossils, was received. 1813. A human skeleton in coral limestone from Guadaloupe, West Indies, captured on the taking of the Island from the French by Sir Alexander Cochrane, R.N., was presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. This specimen was described by Mr. C. Konig in Fhil. Trans., vol. civ. (1814), p. 107, pi. Hi. A skull of Bhinoceros antiquitatis from Siberia, was presented by Mr. Charles Elter. 1816. Fossils from Wiltshire were presented by ^liss Etheldred Benett. They included sponges from the Upper Greensand of Warminster, figured in a small work by the donor. The British fossils collected by William Smith to illustrate his "Strata Identified by Organized Fossils" (181G), were purchased. 202 Geology, 1817. Miss Benett's donation was continued. " Specimens illustrative of the Mineral Geography of the South Downs, from G. A. Mantell, Esq." — apparently Dr. Mantell's first donation. "Four large specimens of Ichthyolites from Loughborough" (probably Dapedius orhis from the Lower Lias of Barrow-on- Soar), were presented by the Countess of Aylesford. Cretaceous fishes from the Lebanon were collected and presented by Lady Esther Stanhope. A skull of Bos primigenius from Athol, Perthshire, was presented by Mr. Da^dd Inglis, and subsequently described and figured in Owen's " British Fossil Mammals and Birds," pp. 501-2, figs. 208, 210. 1818. Miss Benett's donation was continued. Various fossil remains from the Gypsum Quarries near Paris, were presented by the Administration of the Jardin des Plantes, through Baron Cuvier. 1819. Part of the vertebral column of IcJithyosaurus, from Lower Lias, Lyme Begis, was presented by Sir Everard Home, Bart. Dr. Mantell's donation was continued. 1822. Tertiary shells from Barbados were presented by Mr. G. B. Greenough. A series of coloured plaster casts of mammals from the Paris Gypsum, preserved in the Paris Museum of Natural History, and described and figured in Cuvier's *' Ossements Fossiles," was presented by Baron Cuvier. Fossil bones obtained by Mr. Whidbey from the cavern of Oreston, near Plymouth, were presented by Mr. William Clift. This is part of the first collection of cavern remains made in England. 1823. Miss Benett's donation was continued. Fossil remains from the Kirkdale Cave, Vale of Pickering, Yorkshire, were presented by Messrs. William Salmond and John Gibson. Geology. 203 1824. Mr. Gibson's donation was continued. Shells from the Crag of Suffolk and Norfolk were presented by Rev. G. R. Leathes. 1825. Among the donations were : A tooth of Iguanodon in Wealden sandstone, from j\Ir. M. B. Durrant ; plaster casts of teeth of Iguanodon, from Dr. G. A. Mantell ; and " A new variety of the Nave Encrinite," from Mr. George Cumberland of Bristol. 1826. A specimen of Ichthyosaurus from the Lias of Balderton, Nottinghamshire, was presented by Dr. Bland. 1827. A Paramoudra (large flint) from the Chalk of Norfolk was presented by Rev. John Gunn. The Sommering collection was purchased. 1828. Further donations were received from Dr. G. A. Mantell. Mr. J. S. Pratt of Bath, presented a specimen of the Lansdown Encrinite, described by Dr. J. E. Gray as Apiocrinites pratti. Fossils from the Braunston Crag, and fossil wood from the submerged forest of the Norfolk coast, were presented by Mr. Samuel Woodward of Norwich. Tertiary wood from Antigua was presented by Mr. J. A. Wood. Bivalve shells from the Coal-Measures of Newcastle, were presented by Mr. W. Norris of Bury. 1829. Three teeth of Iguanodon in Wealden sandstone from Sussex, were presented by Dr. G. A. Mantell. Freshwater marl from the Isle of Wight containing seed- vessels of Chara, was presented by Mr. (afterwards Sir) Charles Lyell. Fossil plants from the Lower Oolites of Scarborough, were presented by Mr. John Williamson. 204 Geology. 1830. Mammalian remains from Kent's Cavern, Torquay, were presented by Rev. J. M'Enery. Nine fossil corals were presented by Mr. S. P. Pratt. A fossil cycad from Portland was presented by Miss Benett. 1831. Tertiary shells from Italy, were presented by the Marquess of Northampton. A Pentacrinite from Farleigh, near Bath, was presented by Miss Benett. 1833. Further donations were made by Dr. G. A. Mantell. Fossils from the London Clay of Highgate Archway were presented by Mr. N. T. Wetherell. 1834. A collection of Liassic Ichthyosaurs and Plesiosaurs, illus- trative of Hawkins' " Memoirs on Ichthyosauri " (1834), was purchased from Mr. Thomas Hawkins. Plaster casts of the more important bones of Megatherium in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, were presented by the President and Council of the College. Plaster casts of North American Trilobites, described in a Monograph by Jacob Green, M.D., were presented by Richard Harlan, M.D., and Jacob Green, M.D., of Philadelphia. Secondary fossils, chiefly from Purbeck, were presented by Mr. (afterwards Sir) W. C. Trevelyan. The John Finch Collection of Tertiary MoUusca from Mary- land, described by Thomas Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., vol. iv. (1824), pp. 124-155, pis. vii.-xiii., was purchased. 1835. Coal-plants from Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, were presented by Mr. J. B. Ford. Fossils from the Carboniferous Limestone of Derbyshii^e were presented by the Marchioness of Hastings. 1836. Silurian Trilobites were presented by the Earl of Cawdor and Thomas A. Knight, Esq. Geology. 205 1837. A further series of Mammalian bones and teeth from the Kirkdale Cave, Yorkshire, was presented by Mr. W. Salmond. The first instalment of a collection of MammaHa {Bino- iherium, Mastodon, Arc), from the Lower Pliocene of Eppelsheim, was purchased from Dr. Kaup. Some fish-remains from the Oligocene of Canton Glarus Switzerland, were purchased through Prof. L. Agassiz. Numerous German Triassic and Jurassic fossils were purchased from Dr. Braun. Some English and French Jurassic and Cretaceous fossils were presented by Sir Henry T. De la Beche. A few Palaeozoic fossils, chiefly Brachiopods, from Tasmania, were purchased from Dr. J. Lhotzky. 1839. The most important event of this year was the purchase of the collection of Wealden and Cretaceous fossils of Dr. Gideon A. Mantell, which had for some time been exhibited as the Mantellian Museum in Brighton. More German Jurassic fossils were purchased from Dr. Braun. A few Invertebrata, chiefly Lamellibranchs and Echino- derms, from the Tertiary of Malta, were presented by Miss Emilie Attersol. A few Cretaceous plant-remains from the Iguanodon quarry at Maidstone, were presented by Mr. W. H. Bensted. Lower Jurassic plant-remains from Yorkshire, were purchased from Dr. Peter Murray of Scarborough. A collection of silicified fern-stems {Psaronius, aker. Thus, before he left Wiltshire in 1874, his collection contained more than 282 Geology, 20,000 specimens, and was the subject of frequent references in the Wiltshire Archxologi^, and in Murray's "Handbook of Wiltshire"' (1859). So early as 1849 the Museum bought several British fossils- from Mr. Cunnington. In 1859 he presented Cretaceous invertebrates, and in 1861 a further purchase was made from him. In 1865, at the special request of Murchison, he sold to the Museum of Practical Geology a fine series of Upper Greensand Sponges, many subsequently described by Dr. G. J. Hinde. In 1875, when the reduction of his collection was imperative, the British Museum had the first choice and purchased, in two instalments, several thousand specimens of Cretaceous and Jurassic fossils from Wiltshire, These included, among the Cephalopoda, many type-specimens of D. Sharpe (Palseontogr. Soc, 1853-55) ; among Crus- tacea Decapoda numerous specimens figured by T. Bell (Pateontogr. Soc.,1860); Cretaceous Brachiopoda figured by T. Davidson ( Palajontogr. Soc, 1852) ; and many of T. Wright's types of Cretaceous Echinoderma (Pala^ontogr. Soc, 1862-67). There was also yet another fine series of sponges from the Upper (jreensand of Warminster and the Lower Green- sand of Farringdon (see Dr. Hinde's " Catalogue of Fossil Sponges in the British Museum,*' 1883). Mr. Cunnington has subsequently made isolated donations of valuable specimens, amonf: them being blastoids and crinoids from Kentucky and Alabama, collected by his uncle, John Cunnington, resident for many years in the latter State. Mr. Cunningtou's series of Wiltshire mammalian remains, as well as a few local specimens, were presented by him to the Devizes Museum. It is worth noting that he never came into possession of any of his grandfather's collection, all of whose fossils were purchased soon alter his decease by Dr. C. H. Parry of Bath, while his collection of antiquities was bought by Sir 11. C. Hoare^ and is now in the museum at Devizes. Cuvier {Baron Georges) Presented mammalian remains and plaster casts of the same from the Gypsum Quarries near Paris, 1818, 1822. Daintree (Richard) Presented Marsupial remains from the river-deposits of Queensland, 1871. Collected Australian fossil Invertebrata, presented by his executor, 1879. Daly (W. Mahon) Presented Carboniferous Limestone from Siani, 1900. Darwin (Charles) Presented two South American fossil brachiopods, 1852, and some fossil Cirripedes, 1854. Darbishire (Robert Dukinpield) Mr. Darbishire, of Manchester, has studied and collected the marine shells from the Glacial Drift of central England. In 1889 he presented to the Museum his collection from the Drifts of Macclesfield, Blackpool, (iarston, Worden Hall, and Kelsey Hill, altogether about 1400 specimens. The Macclesfield Collection was described by him in the Memoirs of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester (1865), also tabulated in Geol. Ma;)., vol. ii, p. 298. Damon (Robert) [1814-1899] This well-known Weymouth dealer in natural history specimens made a private collection of about 400 Dorsetshire fossils to illustrate his Geology. 1%?> " Geology of Weymouth and the Isle of Portland " (Ed. 2, 1884), m the Supplement to which nearly half of the specimens were figured. The collection was purchased by the British Museum from Mr. Damon's executor in 1890. Davidson (Thomas) [1817-1885] Born at Muir House, Midlothian, Davidson spent much of his youth on the continent of Europe, in the study of both art and science. While in Rome, at the age of twenty, he was attracted by Leopold v. Buch to the study of the Brachiopoda, and to this group he devoted the rest of his life, gathering at his Brighton residence a large collection of both recent and fossil forms, and writing numerous papers, which were illustrated by his own crayon. His magnum ojnis was the "Monograph of British Fossil Brachiopoda" published by the Palaeontographical Society (1850-1886), but he also wrote on the brachiopods of other countries from France to China, and published through the Linnean Society a monograph of Recent Brachiopoda. The first of many donations to the British Museum was made by him in 1848, and his entire collection of specimens, drawings, and illustrative books and pamphlets, bequeathed b\- him to the Trustees, was handed over by his son, Mr. Wm. Davidson, in 1886. It comprises 1796 named species and 22,831 specimens, which, by the direction of the testator, are kept apart in one series. To it, however, have in better accordance with the spirit of his will, been joined various specimens described by him and previously presented. The specimens are all accompanied by Davidson's own carefully-written MS. labels. Davies (Griffith) Collected Ordovician Trilobites from North Wales, purchased 1871. Davis (James William) [1846-1893] Resident at Chevinedge, Halifax, Davis was much interested in fossil fishes and in the geology of Yorkshire, on which subjects he published several papers. His collection of fossils consisted chiefly of fish-remains from the Yorkshire Coal -Measures and the Dorsetshire Lower Lias, with a few others from Carboniferous, Rhaitic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary rocks. They included many specimens, especially those from the Coal-Measures and Lias, described in his own ])apers. A selection of 324 specimens from this collection was purchased by the Museum from his executor in 1895. Dawkins (William Boyd) Collected and presented Mammalian remains from Windy Knoll and Creswell Caves, Derbyshire, 1885. Dawson (Charles) Mr. Dawson, residing formerly at Hastings, now at Uckfield, collected the remains of Dinosauria and other Reptilia from the Wealden near Hastings. His first collection was purchased by the Museum in 1884, and further small instalments were added in the years 1885, 1887, 1888, 1892, and 1894. The bones of Jguanodon are especially noteworthy, and niclude the type-specimens of I. daivsoni, 1. fittoni, and /. holling- toniensis, described by Mr. Lydekker in the Geological Magazine (1889). Dawson {Sir John William) This well-known Canadian geologist presented a few specimens illus- trating his researches, namely, land-shells and small land-reptiles from 284 Geology. the Coal Measures of Nova Scotia in 1863, North American Devonian Plants in 1865, and some Canadian Carabro-Silurian Sponges in 1890. Day (Frank) Obtained skull of Toxodon platensis from the Panipa of Buenos Ayres, purchased 1878. Deane (James) Triassic footprints from Turner's Falls, Massachusetts, U.S.A., pur- chased 18-i-l. Debey (Julien) Presented Miocene Mollusca from Java, 1891. Dennant (J.) Presented Tertiary Mollusca from Muddy Creek, Victoria, 1886. Deshayes (Gerard Paul) [1797-1875] This eminent French naturalist resigned his medical practice, and, in the words of Lyell, " sacrificed his existence to make himself, for the benefit of science, the first fossil conchologist in Europe." He spent much of his time collecting fossils, especially from the Tertiary rocks of Europe, to assist those conchological and stratigraphical studies that brought him, through Sir Charles Lyell, into cordial relations with English naturahsts. He wrote a " Catalogue of the Conchifera, or Bivalve Shells, in the Collection of the British Museum," 1853-1854 ; and during those years the Trustees purchased from him collections, chiefly of Mollusca, from the Eocene and Miocene of the Paris Basin and Boideaux. The rapid progress subsequently made in the classification of those rocks soon rendered these series, with their insufiiciently detailed labels, of less value than was expected. Deshayes' main collection is in the Ecole des Mines, Paris. Dewick (Edward S.) Presented Pleistocene non-marine Mollusca from the Barnwell Gravels, Cambridge, 1889. Dixon (Frederic) [1799-1849] While practising as a physician at Worthing, Dixon made from the rocks of the neighbourhood a collection of fossils, which he worked out with peculiar skill. This was the basis of a work on "The Geology and Fossils of the Tertiary and Cretaceous formations of Sussex " in which he had the co-operation of the leading specialists in palaeontology, and for the better illustration of which he borrowed specimens from other collectors, such as J. S. Bovverbank, F. E. Edwards, G. A. Coombe, Mrs. Smith of Tunbridge Wells, W. D. Saull, N. Wetherell, and others mentioned on p. 55 of his work. Specimens already in the British Museum were also figured therein. The volume should have been published in 1850, the date on the title-page, but its author died when it was only two-thirds printed. Finally, under the editorship of R. Owen, it was completed and published in 1852 {vide Woodward and Sherboru, *'Brit. Foss. Vert.," p. 17). Dixon's collection, which was purchased from his executors in 1850, contained over 4000 fossils from the Tertiary beds of Bracklesham and Bognor and from the Chalk, besides other miscellaneous specimens. The figured specimens of Tertiary molluscs have been notetl by Mr. R. B. Newton in his "Systematic List of the Edwards Collection"; the figured specimens from the Chalk bear the Geology. 285 numbers of plate and figure, which were pencilled on them when the work was published. DoUin {Mrs. Harriet) A dealer of Lyme Regis from whom various Lower Lias fossils were purchased, including a unic[ue specimen of dentition of Prognathodus (/uentheri, 1881. Dowker (George) [1828-1899] Mr. Dowker, resident near Wingham, Kent, published many obser- vations on the geology of eastern Kent (Froc. Geol. Aasoc. and elsewhere), and collected a large series of fossils from the Et)cene and Cretaceous formations of that district. A selection of about 650 specimens from this collection was purchased by the Museum from Mr. Dowker's executor in 1899. Draper (David) Presented remains of the Glossopteris Flora from South Africa, 1890, 1893, 1897. Dubois (Eugene) Presented a plaster cast of the calvaria of Pithecanthropus erectus from Java, 1895. Ducie (Earl of) A donor of many valuable fossils, including SoJaster moretonis from the Great Oolite in 1864:, English Chalk fossils in 1881, Phoderacanthus grandis from the Carboniferous Limestone of Bristol in 1884, and supposed Eeptilian eggs from the Great Oolite in 1891. Durrant (M. B.) Presented a tooth of Iguanodon in Wealden sandstone, 1825. Earl (Percy) Bones of Dinornithidse from New Zealand, purchased 1845. Edwards (Frederick Erasmus) [1799-1875] As a member of the London Clay Club and a founder of the PaL^onto- graphical Society, Edwards devoted himself to the study of the British Eocene Mollusca. Beginning with the London Clay in 1835, he extended his researches over the Eocene strata of Sussex, Hampshire, and the Isle of Wight, where, assisted by Mr. H. Keeping, he made the most com|)lete collection ever attempted by any geologist. He described his specimens in the London Geological Journal (1847), the Geologist (I860), the Geological Magazine (1865), and above all, in the Monographs of the Pala3ontographical Society (Vols, for 1848, 1852, 1854, 1855, 1858), tlie work being continued by S. V. Wood (Vols, for 1859, 1862, 1870, and 1877). The first connection of Edwards with the British Museum was the purchase of some Cetacean remains from the Suffolk Crag from him in 1851. In 1863 he presented remains of Eyopotanius from tlu- Isle of Wight Oligocene. In 1867 there was purchased from him a large series of Tertiary plants and invertebrates from various British localities, includiDg cirripedes, figured by Sowerby and Darwin, corals figured by Edwards and Haime {Monogr. Palseont. Soc, 1850), Serpala figured by Sowerby, also Tertiary molluscs from Germany and the Vienna basin. The Mollusca from Vienna were named and labelled by Dr. Hoernes. 286 Geology, The bulk of his collection of British Eocene and Oligocene Mollusca, numbering 39,000 shells and containing the originals of his various publications, was purchased in 1872-1873, a second series of foreign specimens being bought through Mr. W. Kinsey in 1875. A systematic list of the British collection, by Mr. R B. Newton, was published by the Trustees in 1891. All the Mollusca are still preserved on the original paper-covered tablets, labelled in Edwards' own hand. Egerton {Sir Philip Malpas de Grey) [1806-1881] Sir Philip Egerton, tenth Baronet, an elected Trustee of the British Museum, studied geology under Conybeare and Buckland, and after graduating at Oxford travelled abroad with his college friend, Lord Cole (afterwards Earl of Enniskillen). He began scientific work with his companion by exploring some of the caverns of Franconia, where the joint researches resulted in a large collection of remains of the Cave Bear and other Pleistocene Mammalia. Journeying to Neuchatel about 1830, Egerton and Lord Cole became acquainted with Louis Agassiz, who aroused their interest in fossil fishes and induced them to become life- long collectors of these fossils. They decided to form two distinct cabinets, but to share acquisitions and the counterpart-halves of unique or valuable specimens. Their early collections were largely used by Agassiz when preparing his "Recherches sur les Poissons fossiles" (1838-44), and they contain a large proportion of his type-specimens, besides other specimens labelled and noticed by him. In later years, Egerton himself also described many of his own fossils. The whole of the collection, including the cave bones and miscellaneous fossil Inver- tebrata, in addition to the fossil fishes, was purchased from the executoi"s of the late Sir Philip Egerton in 1882.' Ellis (Frederick) Collected fossils from the Rha3tic of Aust Cliff, a selection purchased 1896. Else (William) Collected Mammalian remains from the Bench Cavern, Brixham, near Torquay, a selection purchased 1889. Elter (Charles) Presented skull of Rhinoceros anticjuitatis from Siberia, 1813. Elwes (J. W.) Presented fossils from the London Clay of Fareham, 1890. Enniskillen (William Willoughby, Third Earl of) [1807- 1886] Lord Enniskillen (at first Lord Cole) collected in association with Sir Philip Egerton (q.v.), and his complete collection was purchased in two instalments in 1882 and 1883. In addition to the fossil fishes and Franconian cave bones, this collection included several valuable fossil Vertebrata, notably a skeleton of Cervus giganteus from Ireland, and the type-specimen of Plesiosaurus macrocephalus from the Lower Lias of Lyme Regis. Enys (John Davies) Obtained for the Museum a collection of bones of birds fiom the Chatham Islands, purchased 1898. Geologxj, 287 Etheridge (Robert) Before the former assistant-keeper of the Geologic;il Department entered Government service as palaeontologist to the Geological Survev, he lived at Bristol and here made a collection of fossils froni~the Silurian', Devonian, Carboniferous, and Jurassic rocks of the neighbourhood, with a few from elsewhere. On coming to London in 1869, Mr. Etheridge sold the whole series of 2342 specimens to the British ^Museum. They were marked in ink with letters referring to localities and horizons, as explained in a M8. list accompanying the collection. Ettingshausen (Constantin Freiherr von) [1826-1897] After being for a few years attached to the Geologische lleichsanstalt at Vienna, Baron von Ettingshausen became, in 1854, Professor at the Medical and Surgical Military Academy in that city, and in 1871 went to Graz as Professor of Botany. He was exceedingly active in collecting, and was accustomed to bring home great masses of matrix to be split by the winter frosts. Thus he was able to supply valuable collections to many museums, especially the Geologische Reichsanstalt and Natur- historisches Hofmuseum in Vienna, the Landesmuseum of Steiermark, the University of Graz, and the British Museum. The last-mentioned made extensive purchases from him between the years 1878-1882, during which years he spent much time in London arranging and examining portions of the jNational Collections, the results of his study being printed by the Royal, Geological, and Palceontographical Societies, and in other British publications. The material bought from von Ettingshausen represented, often by some of the original figured specimens, the Tertiary floras of Styria (notably that of Parschlug), Bohemia, Carniola, and the Tyrol, the Triassic floras of Lunz in Austria and Raibl in Carinthia, and the Liassic of Fiinfkirchen in Hungary ; it included important series from the Palaeozoic rocks of Bohemia, Moravia, and Styria, the Tertiary of Alum Bay, and various other specimens. Most of the specimens bear a number on a white label 1 cm. square, also a similar label in one of several colours indicating the supposed habitat of the plant when living ; some are provided with the name and locality on a lithographed label m Ettingshausen's own hand ; but the majority are without such labels. A list of Ettingshausen's writings, in many of which these specimens were referred to, was published by R. Hoernes {Mitth. naturwiss. Ver. Steiermark, xxxiv., p. 77 ; 1898). Evans (Caleb) [1831-1886] While employed in the Chancery Pay Office and residing at Hamp- stead, Evans in 1855 took up the study of geology, and collected fossils from the excavations for new sewers in London, and in the railway cuttings close at hand, supplementing this work by vacation studies at the seaside. Thus he accumulated a large collection, some tyjje- specimens from which were bequeathed by him to the Geological Society. A selection from the remainder of his collection was, after his death, bought from Mr. E. Westlake. It comprised 2172 specimens from Neoco- mian, and 1556 from Tertiary rocks, the large majority being invertebrates. Most of Evans' papers were published by the Geologists' Association, the most notable being " On some Sections of Chalk between Croydon and Oxtead, with Observations on the Classification of the Chalk." Evans {Sir John) Presented a Mammalian tooth (Bolodon) from the Wealden of Hastings, 288 Geology. Evans (William) Presented Tertiary fossils from the Murray River, South Australia, 1887. Everett (A. H.) Presented Mammalian remains from Sarawak, Borneo, in 1890, and Tertiary limestones from Borneo in 1894. Ewen (C. A) Excavated a nearly complete skeleton of Dinornis maximus in New Zealand, purchased 1896. Ewen (Philip) Collected Lower Silurian Graptolites from Victoria, purchased 1879. Exton (Hugh) Presented fossil Fishes from the Stormberg Beds of South Africa, namely, Semionotus capensis in 1883, and Cleithrolepis exfoni in 1888 ; also a unique specimen of Frocolophon trigoniceps from the Karoo For- mation in 1892. Falconer (Hugh) [1808-1865] To our knowledge of the fossil Mammalia, Falconer published important contributions, which were collected in his " Palteontological Memoirs," edited by Charles Murchison in 1868. In 1830 to 1855 he was on Government service in India, and co-operated with Col. Cautley (q.v.) and others in collecting and describing the fossil mammals of that country. In 1842, when he came to England on sick leave, he brought with him valuable collections, most of which he presented to the India House and to the British Museum, devoting much time to their study and arrangement in the latter institution. He also placed a few speci- mens in the museum of the Geological Society. On his final return to Europe, after his retirement, he travelled much in pursuit of liis researches, and amassed a small collection of mammalian remains, which was presented to the British Museum in 1867 by his executor, Mr. Charles Falconer. This collection included a few Indian fossils, and a large series of remains of Hippopotamus from caverns near Palermo, Sicily. Feilden (Henry Wemyss) [1838- ] Col. Feilden was naturalist to the Alert and Discovery Arctic exploring expedition in 1875-6 under Sir George Nares, to whose narrative of the voyage he contributed Appendices relating to ethnology, Mammalia, ornithology, and, with C. E. de Pvance, an appendix "On the Geological Structure of the Coasts of Grinnell Land and Hall Basin," as well as a separate paper on the " Geology of the Coasts of the Arctic Lands visited by the Expedition" (Quart. Journ. OeoL Soc, 1878). The Paleozoic fossils collected during the expedition were described by Mr. R. Etheridge, Senior (torn, cit.), while the fossils of Miocene age, coUecttd by Messrs. Feilden and Moss (a surgeon to the expedition) from Dis- covery Bay, were sent to Prof. 0. Heer of Zurich for determination. Mr. Etheridge says : " The series collected by Captain Feilden are all so carefully noted, labelled, and localised, that their history is complete and satisfactory." The collection was presented to the Museum by the Lords of the Treasury in December, 1878. Geology, 289 Fenn (Joseph H.) Collected vertebrate remains from superficial deposits of Madagascar, purchased 1893. Ferguson (G. E.) Obtained ArthrojjJiycus from Gold Coast Colony, presented by Prof. J. W. Judd, 1893. Finch (John) Finch ^vas a professional geologist, a member of the Philosophical Society of Birmingham, and an authority on the Tertiary deposits of ihe United States. In 1834 he sold to the Trustees his collection of American fossils, comprising 400 specimens from Tertiary strata, representing over 150 species, 100 specimens from the Upper Secondary, and 100 from Transition beds. 'Ihe Tertiary series contained most of the types and figured specimens of T. Say's " Account of some of the Fossil Shells of Maryland" (Journ. Acad. Nat. ScL, Fhiladelphia, iv,, p. 124; 1824). The specimens were unfortunately without labels, so that only 21 (about half) of those figured can now be identified (see R. B. Newton, Geol. Mag., dec. iv., vol. ix., p. 303 ; 1902) ; many of these bear, written in ink, either " N. Amer." or the specific name. Finch also presented to the Museum a plaster cast of a trilobite on January 9th, 1836. Fitzgerald (R. D.) Presented remains of Miolania from Lord Howe's Island, 1885. Fontana (Luis J.) Presented Mammalian remains from the Pampa of Buenos Ay res, 1871-72. Foord (Arthur Humphreys) Collected and presented Cephalopoda from the Carboniferous Lime- stone of Ireland, 1893. Forbes (Henry Ogg) Collected remains of Dinornithida? from New Zealand, purchased 1893. Presented bones of Harpagornis moorei from New Zealand, 1894. Ford (J. B.) Presented Coal-plants from Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, 1835. Fox (F. G. Brook) Presented fossils from the Salt Range, India, 1896. Fox (Howard) Presented Invertebrate fossils and Radiolarian Chert from Culm Measures of North Cornwall, 1895 ; specimens of Fteroconus minis from Lower Devonian, Bedruthan, Cornwall, 1900. Fox (J. H. & Go.) Bones of Mammalia and Aepyortiis from Madagascar, \ urchased 1894. Fox {Bev. William Darwin) [ -1882] Fox collected reptilian remains, chielly of Dinosauria, from the Wealden cliffs of the Isle of Wight in the neighbourhood of Brixton, where he lived, 'ihe collection of about 500 specimens included the VOL. I. U 290 Geology. types of HypsiJophodon foxi, Huxley ; Polacanthua foxi, Hulke ; Orni- thopsis hulkei, Seeley ; Aristosuchus pusiUus, Seeley ; and Hylxo- champsa vectiana, Owen. The important series of remains of Hypsilo- phodon was catalogued in a MS. volume by J. W. Hulke, and used in his description of this dinosaur {PhiJ. Trans., 1882). The whole col- lection was purchased from the executors of Fox in 1882. Fox had previously presented the right mandibular ramus of Choeropofamus ieri, Owen (1841), which he found in the Eocene of the Isle of Wight. cut Franks (Godfrey Firth) Presented fossil Corals from Barbados, 1891. Fraser (Charles) Presented Indian fossil Mammalia, 1847-4.8. Fritsch (Anton) Pleistocene non-marine MoUusca, Trilobites from the Barrande Collec- tion, and Cretaceous Teleostean Fishes from Bohemia, were purchased respectively in 1892, 1897, 1899. Fulljames {Capt. G.) Presented type-skull of Mastodon perimensis from the Pliocene of Perim Island, 1847. Fulton (Hugh) Tertiary Mollusca from Florida, purchased 1899. Gamble (W.) Mr. Gamble has collected Polyzoa from the Chalk in the neighbour- hood of Eochester, Kent, especially at a locality near Chatham, described by him in G. K. Vine's " Eeport on Cretaceous Polyzoa" {Pep. Brit. Assoc, 1892). Two collections of about 165 and 629 specimens respectively were purchased from him in 1893 and 1898, and described in Dr. Gregory's " Catalogue of Cretaceous Bryozoa in the British Museum." Gardner (John Starkie) While occupied with researches in the Gault and associated deposits at Folkestone, Mr. Gardner obtained the services of the local collector, John Griffith, to make a unique collection of fossils from these strata. This collection, comprising the type-specimen of Mauisauriis gardntri, Seeley, as well as many fossils described by Mr. Gardner himself, was purchased by the Museum in five instalments in 1876, 1880, 1884, 1885 and 1886. Other researches on the Eocene Flora, published by the Pala?ontographical Society and elsewhere, led Mr. Gardner to make large collections of plant-remains from Alum Bay, Bournemouth, Studland, and continental localities. These he sold to the Museum in 1880, 1881, 1884 and 1886. Under the auspices of the Eoyal Society and British Associa- tion, Mr. Gardner also collected Tertiary plants in Mull and the Korth of Ireland, and these were received by the British Museum in 1886. Gavey (George Edward) Devonian fossils from Belgium and British fossils, purchased respec- tively in 1880 and 1890. Geddes (Patrick) Presented Pleistocene Mammalian remains from San Angelo, Mexico, 1880. Geology. 09 [ Geils (J. M.) Presented remains of FJeplias armeniacus from Armenia, 185G. Oerrard (Edward) Numerous fossil Verfcebrata have been purcliased from this well- known dealer, including a carapace of Iloplophorus ornatas and a skeleton ■of Mylodon rohiistus from the Pampa of Buenos Ayres in 1883 and 1885, remains of Aphanapteryx from the Chatham Islands in 1803, and Mada- gascar fossils in 1894. Gibraltar (Governor of). Presented Mammalian remains collected by Capt. Fox Brome from the caverns of Gibraltar, 1876. Gibson (John) Presented Mammalian remains from the Kirkdale Cavern, 1823-24. Gilbertson (William) In the second volume of his " Illustrations of the Geology of York- shire," 1836, Professor John Phillips writes as follows : " My greatest obhgation is to Mr. Gilbertson of Preston, a naturalist of high acquire- ments, who has for many years explored with exceeding dihgence and acumen a region of mountain limestone remarkably rich in organic remains. The collection which he has amassed from tlie small district of Bolland is at tliis moment unrivalled, and he has done for me, without «ohcitation, what is seldom granted to the most urgent entreaty ; he has «ent me for deliberate examination, at convenient intervals, the whole OF HIS MAGNIFICENT COLLECTION, accompanied by remarks dictated by long experience and a sound judgment. He had proposed to publisli an account of his discoveries, and especially of the Crinoidea for which no man in Europe had equal materials, and had made a great number of careful drawings for the purjDOse ; but all these, as well as the specimens, he placed at my disposal — a striking proof of liberal and genuine devotion to science. An attentive examination of this rich collection rendered it unnecessary to study minutely the less extensive series preserved in other cabinets." " Most of the figures of fossils are taken from specimens in Mr. Oilbertson's collection, because these were generally the best that could be found." Gilbertson was a pharmaceutical chemist and obtained his specimens largely by purchase, thus acquiring the collection of Dr. Alexander Moore of Preston, which included many specimens figured in Sowerby's " Mineral Concholog}'." He presented a few crinoids to the Oeological Society in 1826 and in 1841, but in the latter year the rest of his collection was purchased by the Trustees. It consisted of 2646 specimens, thus distributed: Corals, 103; Echinoderms, 613; Bivalves, 1041 ; Univalves, 810 ; Crustacea, etc., 79. In addition to the specimens from Bolland are some from the Coal Measures of Lancashire. As the collection was purchased by Dr. J. E. Gray and was for many years retained in the Zoological Department, most of the specimens bear the circular register ticket of that department, replacing Gilbertson's original numbers. Labels in faded brown ink in the hand-writing of Phillips, and signed ^, are occasionally preserved. The collection was accompanied by a detailed MS. list, which denoted by " P." the specimens figured by Phillips, as mentioned above ; by " Z. J.," the blastoids figured by G. B. Sowerby in the Zoological Journal ; by "S." or "Sow," specimens 292 Geology, figured by J. Sowerby in the " Mineral Conchology " ; and by " Gr. M.,'' numerous specimens figured in his own manuscript, which unfortunately has disappeared. Gillett (Alfred) Presented a skeleton of IcJdJiyosaurus tenuirostris from the Lower Lias of Street, 1884. Gipps (W. L. R.) Presented Marsupial remains from the river deposits of New South Wales, 1875. Godwin- Austen {Col H. H.) Presented Palaeozoic fossils from Kashmir, 1888, and Lower Pliocene Mollusca from N. Italy, 1896. Goldenberg (Friedrich) [1799-1881] Goldenberg studied the Lower Permian flora and fauna of Pthenisb Prussia, and made a collection of fossils in illustration of his work. From this collection 155 specimens, chiefly animal remains from the neighbour- hood of Saarbriicken, were purchased by the British Museum from Professor Schenk in 1890. The selection included 8 specimens figured in Goldenberg's "Fauna Sar^epontana Fossilis" (1875-77). Gollmer (C. H. V.) Collected Cretaceous Invertebrata in the Lebanon, purchased 1896. Goodchild (John George) Presented Tertiary shells from Bordighera, 1882. Goodwin (Frank S.) Presented antlers of Cervus elapkus from tufa at Alport, Derbyshire, 1891. Gordon (Bev. George) Presented skeleton of ITyperodapedon gordoni from Trias of Elgin, 1886. Gordon (John) Presented fossil Fishes from Lignite of Taubate, San Paulo, Brazil, 1900. Gostling (Archibald C.) Presented skull of Baloena aitstralis from river deposit at Villa Constitucion, Argentine Ptepublic, 18ii8. Gowreeshankar {Biwdn Wajeshankar) Presented Pliocene teeth of Mastodon from Perim Island, 1885. Grant {Col. Charles Coote) Collected and presented Ordovician and Silurian fossils from Ontario, Canada, 1899, 1900. Grant (E. M.) Bones of Elephas from the Pleistocene of Belgrade, purchased 1881, Geology. 293 Crray (John) As an iron- master, Jolm Gray of Hagley, near Stourbridge, owned quarries in the Wenlock Limestone at Dudley, whence the stone was ■extracted for use as a flux. His workmen saved the fossils for him and he purchased others from elsewhere, and thus thrice amassed a splendid collection. His first was one of those to which Murchison acknowledges his indebtedness in the " Silurian System." In 1861, it contained 2730 specimens, and of these the Museum purchased 2366. The rest, it is said in the documents referring to the transaction, were destineil for the Museum of Practical Geology ; but just a j'-ear later he sold to the Museum a series of trilobites from the Wenlock Shale of Malvern. 'Jlie first series comprised : 103 trilobites, including many figured by Salter (Mem. Geol. Surv. and Palseontogr. Soc), the type of Lichas grayi and other Lichas figured by Fletcher; 241 echinoderms, including types of Lepidaster grayi, Pseudocrinus magnificus, and presumably Fisocrinus pilula, also specimens of Pseudocrinus hifasciatus and Ajnocystis pentre- moides figured by Forbes; 199 corals, including the type of Ileliolites grayi; 1823 shells of molluscs and brachiopods, including specimens of Leptaena and Siphonotreta figured by Davidson; and the types of Chiton grayanus and C. wrightianus, the latter subsequently referred to Turrilepas. A selection from Gray's second collection was bought in two instaln:ients in 1869, and amounted to 775 Wenlock fossils from Dudley, all classes of invertebrates being represented. On Gray's death his whole collection was taken over by the dealer, F. H. Butler, and from him in 1889 the Trustees purchased 337 selected specimens of invertebrates fi-om the Wenlock beds of Dudley and of plants from the Coal Measures. A few other interesting specimens that came to light later on were also purchased. The remainder were dispersed by Mr. Butler in the course of business, and some of these also have ultimately found their way to the Museum, in the Madeley and other collections. Specimens from the Gray collection are readily recognised from being fixed with chalk and gum on a thin wooden tablet covered with a smooth purplish-brown paper, and provided with a label written on white paper. Green {JEtev. Charles) Green, of Bacton, Norfolk, collected fossils, chiefly Vertebrata, from the Forest Bed and the Fens. Many of his specimens were described in Owen's "British Fossil Mammals and Birds." His collection was pur- chased by the Museum in 1843. Oreen (Jacob) Presented plaster casts of North American Trilobites, 1834. Crreen (Upfield) Presented Devonian Invertebrata from the Eifel, 1899. -Greenhill (J. E.) Collected and presented non-marine Mollusca from river-deposits at •Clapton, Essex, 1888, and Mammalian remains from a Turbary at Walthamstow, 1890. Greenough (George Bellas) Presented Tertiary shells from Barbados, 1822. Greenwood (George) Presented jaws of cave-bear from cavern at Isturitz, Bayonne, 1898. 294 Geology. Greenwell (Canon William) Presented Mammalian remains from Ileatliery Burn Cave, Durham, 1892. Gregory (John AValter) While assistant in the Department of Geology, Dr. Gregory, now Professor of Geology at Melbourne, made an important collection of fossils- in Spitzbergen in lb96, and a large collection of Tertiary and Pleistocene- fossils, including bones and teeth of the rodent AmhlyrMza in the West Indies in 1899. These collections were received as donations in the years- mentioned. Grenfell (J. G.) While a master at Clifton College, Mr. Grenfell collected the crinoids- of the Carboniferous Limestone in the Gorge of the Avon, as well as many from Clitheroe and the neighbourhood of Preston, Lancashire, and pub- lished a valuable paper on them in 1876 {Proc. Bristol Nat. Soc. L). His- collection of 61 specimens, purchased by the Trustees in 1891, contained the types of Rhodocriaus verisimiUs and Gilbert socrinus konincki, with figured examples of Poteriocrinus plicatus and Phodocrinvs verus. The specimens were numbered in correspondence with a MS. note-book, presented with the collection; but some of the specimens therein? mentioned were not received. The collection had been exammed by Major Austin, who agreed with Mr. Grenfell's determinations. Grey [Sir George) Presented fossil Reptiles from the Karoo Formation of South Africa^ 1859. Grigson (W. H.) Presented Tertiary fossils from Gippsland, A^ictoria, 1882. Grose- Smith (Henley) Shells and other remains of Tcstudo grandidieri from caverns of Madagascar, purchased 1892. Guenther (Robert Theodore) Mr. Guenther, of Magdalen College, Oxford, visited northern Persia m 1898, and collected a few mammalian bones from the Lower Pliocene of Maragha, besides 145 invertebrate fossils, chielly Miocene, from the- neighbourhood of Lake Urmi. The collection was described by Dr. J. W. Gregory, Mr. P. B. Newton, and others, in Mr. Guenther's paper "Contributions to the Natural History of Lake Urmi" (Journ. Linn. Soc^ [Zool.'] 1899), and presented to the Museum by the collector in 1900. Gunn (John) Presented a Paramoudra from the Chalk of Norfolk, 1827. Guppy (H. B.) Presented Post-Tertiary shells from the Solomon Isles, 1887. Guppy (Robert John Lechmere) Collected Tertiary Foraminifera from Trinidad, purchased 1892. Haberlein (Karl) Habeilein was a medical practitioner in Pappenheim, Bavaria, where are great quarries in the Lithographic Stone (Lower Kimmeridgian). In Geology. 205 consideration of professional services rendered to the quarrymen and their families, he was able to amass a valuable collection, comprising the original specimen of Archxopteryx macnira described by Owen {Phil. Trans., 1863) and 1703 other fossils— namely, 23 reptiles, 204 fishes, lll;> invertebrates, 145 plants, and 122 miscellaneous. The whole coll(.'cti"n was purchased by the British Museum in two instalments iu 18G2-G3, the total sum paid to Haberlein being £700. Haden (Sir Francis Seymour) Presented a head of Jchthi/osaunifi platyodon and other reptiks and fishes from the Lower Lias of Lyme Regis, 1882. Haggard {Lieut, R.N.) Presented eggs of turtles from a consolidated beach in the Island of Ascension, 1880. Haldon (Lord) Presented Mammalian remains and implements from Kent's Cavern, Torquay, 1883. Hall (Edgar) Collected remains of Glossopteris Flora from New South Wales, presented by Mr. W. H. Shrubsole, 1892. Hall (TowNSHEND Monckton) [1845-1899] Residing at Pilton, near Barnstaple, Hall devoted himself to the geology of North Devon, contributing papers to the Transactions of the Devonshire Association and the Geological and Mineral ofjical Magazines. Many of his specimens were figured in T. Davidson's Monograph of Devonian Brachiopoda ; and his collection formed the basis of a valuable paper " On the Relative Distribution of Fossils throughout the North Devon Series " (^i^ar^. Journ. GeoJ. Soc. xxiii. Proc. p. 371; 1867). A selected series of 237 fossils, including plants, fishes, and all classes of invertebrates, was bought from him in 1886. Hamilton (A.) Skeleton of Aptornis defossor from New Zealand, purchased 1893. Hamling (Joseph G.) Collected and presented Trilobites from the Culm Measures near Barnstaple, 1896. Hanbury (Daniel) Presented Devonian Brachiopoda from China, and Mammalian remains from Chinese caverns, 1803. Hantken (Max von) Presented fossil Foraminifera from Hungary, 1888. Hardman (Edward T.) Collected and presented fossils from Western Australia, 1887. Harford (Frederick) For many years, Harford relieved the tedium of a city life by the preparation of Chalk fossils. His specimens were collected chit-tly by Joseph Wood in the neighbourhood of Cuxton and Burham, Kent, but scarcely any of them bore a record of the locality whence they were 296 Geology, obtained. His collection was mentioned in Dixon's "Geology of Sussex" (1850). Besides the beautifully-prepared Chalk fossils, especially fishes, Harford accumulated a few specimens from other formations, some of them valuable. Tiie greater part of the collection, numbering 1108 specimens, was purchased from him in 1888. In the same year he presented to the INIuseum the type-specimen of Thrissops portlandicuf^, A. S. Woodw., from the Portland Stone; and in 1889 he handed over to the Trustees the residue of his collection as a donation, to be used partly for distribution as duplicates to other museums. Harlan (Richaed) Presented plaster casts of North American Trilobites, 1834. Harmsworth (Alfred) Presented duplicates from a collection of Jurassic fossils from Franz Josef Land, 1899. Harris (George Frederick) Collected and presented Oligocene and Miocene ^Mullusca from Bordeaux, 1894. Harris (William) [1797-1877] Harris collected fossils in the Chalii pits near Charing, Kent, especially from a detritus of Danian ag'\ He lent and presented specimens to several paleontologists engaged in research, notably Touhnin Smith, W. C. Williamson, and Prof. T. Piupert Jones. A selection of about 240 specimens from the collection left at his death was purchased by the Museum from his daughter in 1881. ]t comprised Jcbth}osaurian remains figured in Dixon's " Geology of Sussex," various fish-remains, Brachiopoda described by Davidson, and Furaminifera and Entomostraca desciibed by Prof. Ptupert Jones. Harrison (James) Collected fossils from the Lowfr Lias of Lyme Piegis and Charmouth and prepared the skeleton of Scelidosaurus Jiarrisoni, purchased 1861, 1865. Harrison & Hodgson {3Iessrs.) Presented Mammalian remains from a submerged forest at Jarrow, Kewcastle-on-Tyne, 1857. Hartmann (C. H.) Presented Marsupial remains from river deposits of Queensland, 1884. Hastings (Barbara, Marchioness of) [1810-1858] Barbara, Baroness Grey de Euthjm, married (1) the second Marquis of Hastings (d. 1844) ; and (2) Commodore Hastings (afterwards Admiral Sir Hastings) R. Yelverton, G.C.B. (d. 1878). With the aid of Mr. Henry Keeping, she collected fossil Yertebrata, chiefly Mammalia, from the Eocene'and Oligocene of Hordwell (Hampshire) and the Isle of Wight. She also acquired specimens for comparison from Moutmartre, Allier, and the Mayence Basin. The collection included several specimens described by Owen, and many unique fossils described by later authors. The greater part of it was purchased by the Museum from the Marchioness in 1855, and a few additional specimens were purc'iased at her sale at Stevens' rooms in the same vear. Geology. 297 Hatch (Frederick Henry) Presented remains of the Glossopteris Flora from the Transvaal, 1898. Haughton (Thomas James) Presented Pala^oniscid fishes from the Karoo Formation of South Africa, 1897. Hauxwell Collected Tertiary shells from valley of the Amazon, purchased 1870. Hawkins (Percy) Presented Archanodoii jahesi from Upper Old Ked Sandstone of Llaavaches, Monmouthshire, 1895. Hawkins (Samuel James) Hawkins collected and prepared a fine series of fossils, especially fish-remains and two Pterosaurian bones, from the Chalk of Blue-bell Hill, Burham, Kent. He presented the collection of about 515 specimens to the British Museum in 1891. Hawkins (Thomas) [1810-1889] From the Lower Lias of Somersetshire and Dorsetshire, Hawkins, of Glastonbury, collected skeletons of Ichthyosaurs and Plesiosaurs " which ills anatomical skill, and untiring perseverence and patience, enabled him to dissect from the rock, in a state of integrity previously thought unattainable." His more important specimens figured in his curious works, " Memoirs on Ichthyosauri " (1834), and " The Book of the Great Sea-Dragons " (1810), were purchased by the British Museum in 1834, on the valuation of Dean Buck land and G. A. Mantell, the latter of whom remarks that " They had been obtained with so much labour and expense, and were so admirably put together, and chiselled out with so much skill, that the sum awarded for them was scarcely sufficient" (Zo?ic?o7i Oeol. Jonrn., p. 16 ; 1846). A subsequent collection of equal importance was purchased in 1840. He presented other portions of his collection to the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge. Hector {Sir James) Presented Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils from New Zealand, 1875, ani collected other similar specimens, purchased 1880. Heggerty Mammalian remains from Kent's Cavern, purchased 1843. Hicks (Henry) Collected and presented Arenig fossils from Pembrokeshire in 1865, various Welsh Cambrian and Silurian fossils in 1884, and Mammalian remiins from caverns in the Yale of Clwyd, 1885. Hills (R. C.) Presented Tertiary insects and plants from Wyoming and Colorado, U.S.A., 1891. Hinde (George Jexxixgs) Presented Conodonts from the Sub-Carboniferous of Ohio, 1878; Invertebrate fossils and Radiolariaa Chert from the Culm Measures of N. Cornwall, 1895. 298 Geology. Hinton (Henry Arthur) Presented Cretaceous Polyzoa, 1897. Hitchcock (Edward) Presented Triassic footprints from Connecticut, 1862. Hoflfert (H. H.) Presented Palaozoic fossils from the Falkland Islands, 1891. HoU (Harvey Buchanan) [1820-1886] A pupil in field geology of Sir H. de la Beche and Rogers of Pennsyl- vania, Holl retired to Malvern in 1862 and carried out valuable studies on the geology of the Malvern Hills {Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, 1864-65). He also published papers on the Inferior Oolite in the middle and south of England (ojx cit., 1863), and on the older rocks of south Devon and east Cornwall (op. cit., 1869). He wrote several papers on fossil sponges and Entomostraca, the latter in conjunction with T. Rupert Jones (1865-69). Holl's collection, purchased from his executor, W. H. Holl, Esq., Q.C.> consisted of 414 slides of Foraminilera and Ostracoda, the latter including the specimens figured by Jones and Holl, and 1205 invertebrate fossils. from various British formations, especially those discussed in the above- mentioned papers. Among them were a figured specimen of Homaloriotus johannis, and types of Mesozoic corals figured by P. Martin Duncan, yiz.^ Cydolites heard, Montlivaltia holli, M. jpainsiuickl, and Septastrea haimei (PalcTontogr. Sue). Hollis (Thomas) Presented Tertiary shells from Sicily, 1763. Holm (Gerhard) Prepared specimens of Eurypterus from the Upper Silurian of Oesel, purchased 1898. Holroyd (William Firth) Presented English Lower Carboniferous Invertebrata, 1897. Hoist (P. A.) Remains of Cervus giganteus from Russia, purchased 1883. Home (Sir Everard) Presented vertebral column of Ichthyosaurus from the Lower Lias of Lyme Regis, 1819. Homersham (Colette) Presented rocks and fossils from a deep boring at Richmond, Surrey, 1887. Homfray (David) [1822-1893] By profession a lawyer, resident at Portmadoc in North "Wales, Homfray spent his leisure in searching for fossils in the Pala30zoic rocks- of the neighbourhood, where he discovered many new forms, especially in the Tremadoc beds. He also worked the Menevian strata of Maentwrog and St. Davids with equal success. He was most generous in giving away even his finest specimens, and among other Museums that chiefly benefited by his labours were the Woodwardian at Cambridge, and the Manchester Museum. The latter contains several of hh trilobites and a Geology. 299 Ctenodonta, described Ly Hicks and by Salter. Ilomfray's first donation to the British Museum consisted of 20 Treniadoc fossils, mostly trilubites, in 1867; while in 1882 he presented 37'J fine fossils from the lower Pala30zoic rocks of Wales. Hood (T. H. Cockburn) Presented Plesiosaurian remains from Kew Zealand, 18G1, 18G3; a footprint of Dinornis in modern beach-sandstone from New Zealand, 1872. Hooker {Sir Joseph Dalton) Presented Cretaceous fossils collected by Capt. Mansell in the Lebanon, 1863. Home (William) While in business in Leyburn, Mr. Home made a large collection of Elasmobranch teeth from the Yoredale Kocks of Wensleydale, Yorkshire. 'J'he greater part of it, including the type and other specimens described by J. W. Davis, was purchased by the late Mr. William Reed for the York Museum. A valuable second selection from this collection, how- ever, w^as purchased by the Trustees of the British Museum in 1885. Horner (A. C.) Presented Thecosj^ondi/Ius liorneri from the Wealden of Tunbridge Wells, 1882. Hoser (Julius) Skeletons of Neusticosaunis jjusillus from Upper Trias of Wiirtemberg, purchased 1881. Hoskold (H. D.) Presented specimens of the Glossopteris Flora from Argentina, 1890. Housman (Henry) Presented footprints of Rhynchosaurus from Trias of South Stafford- shire, 1862. Houzeau de Lehaie (A.) Presented Upper Cretaceous and Eocene fish- teeth from Belgium, 1889. Howarth (Osbert Henry) Presented a slab of shell-marble from La Luz, New Mexico, 1892. Hughes {Mrs. McKenny) Collected and presented non-marine Mollusca from Barnwell gravels, Cambridge, 1888. Hulke (John Whitaker) [1830-1895] Ihis eminent oculist pursued researches among ^Mesozoic Reptilia, especially Dinosauria, Ichthyosauria, and Crocodilia. He described several specimens discovered by Mr. Mansel-Pleydell and Pev. W. Fox, and he himself made a collection of Dinosaurian remains from the Wealden of the Isle of Wight. This collection of nearly 400 si)ecimens, including the type-specimen of Iguanodon seeiyi and figured specimens of Jlypsilu- phodonfoxi^ was presented to the British Museum with other miscellaneous fossils by Mrs. Hulke in 1895. 300 Geology. Hunter (Robert) [1823-1897] As missionary at Nagpur, central India, from 1847 to 1855, Hunter pursued geological researches in that region with Rev. Stephen Hislop. He collected fossils in both the Nagpur district and other parts of^ India, and his whole collection, of about 1700 specimens, was received by the British Museum as a bequest in 1897. India, Geological Survey of Presented fossil Corals from Sind, 1881. India, Secretary of State for Presented Mammalia and Peptilia from the Siwalik Formation of India, 1860. Inglefield {Admiral Sir Edward Augustus) [1820-1894] In 1852, Inglefield undertook a voyage to the Arctic in the Isabel, in search of Sir John Franklin, and in the following year published an account of the expedition, with remarks on the physical geography, geology, etc., of Davis Straits, and its east and west shores, by P. C. Sutherland, surgeon to the expedition. His collection of fossils was transferred from the Museum of Practical Geology in 1878. Inglis (David) Presented skull of Bos jorlmigenius from Athol, Perthshire, 1817. Inwards (Richard) Presented Palseozoic fossils from Bolivia, 1830. Jack (Robert Logan) Presented fossil Invertebrata from Austraha, 1879. Jackson (Frederick) Presented duplicates from a collection of Jurassic fossils from Franz Josef Land, 1899. Jackson (J. E.) Presented Pentacrinus fossil is and Carboniferous Crinoids, 1887. Jardin des Plantes, Paris Presented fossils from the Gypsum Quarries near Paris, 1818. Jayakar {Lieut.-Col. A. S. G.) Presented Eocene MoUusca from Oman, Arabia, 1900. Jennings (W. F.) Collected English Mesozoic Invertebrata, presented by Miss Ethel A. Thomas, 1892. Jesson (Thomas) Mr. Jesson began his collection at Cambridge, when he obtained a fine series of fossils from the Cambridge Greensand, including some unique l)ones of birds described by Prof. Seeley (Quart. Journ. Oeol. Soc, 1876), and a few small Chelonian skulls described by Mr. Lydekker (loc. cit.y 1889). At the same time he collected from the Red Chalk of Hunstanton. Subsequently removing to the neighbourhood of Northampton, Mr. Jesson devoted attention to the Great Oolite of that district and the Oxford Clay Geology. 301 of St. Ives. Some Teleosaurian remains from the Great Oolite were purchased from him by the British Museum in 1888, hut the greater i)art of his collection from that formation was acquired by the Northami.ton Museum. Selections of 1730 fossils from the lied Chalk, including; Polyzoa described by Gr. II. Vine, 1010 fossils from the Oxford Clay o? St. Ives, and 2709 fossils from the Cambridge Greensand were purchased from him by the British Museum in 1891, 1892, and 1894 respectively. Jeunneret Collected Australian Palaiozoic Brachiopoda, presented by Lord Stanley, 1846. Jex A collector for the dealer R. Damon and his successor, B. F. Damon. Obtained Scottish Old Red Sandstone and Carboniferous Fishes purchased at various times from Damon. Also collected fish-remains from the Devonian of Canada, purchased from Damon, 1888 and 1892, and Mammalia from the Santa Cruz beds of Patagonia, purchased from Damon, 1899. Johnson (Hexry) [1823-1885] In the exercise of his profession as a civil and mining engineer in the Midlands, H. Johnson of Dudley had many opportunities for collecting fine specimens of fossils. These " he cherished with personal care and skilful manipulation, exhibiting their parts and characters clearly and with judgment, so that the palaeontologist visiting his wonderfully rich collection, not only saw specimens better than he had seen before, but always found a judicious selection of doubtful or unknown forms... separated for examination by the specialist " {Geol. Mag , 1885, p. 432). On Johnson's death, 2524 selected fossils from his collection were purchased through the dealer, R. Damon. Of these 1551 were from the Wenlock Beds, and consisted of 28 sponges, 466 corals, 211 echinoderms, 192 arthropods, 25 annelids, 136 polyzoans, and 493 molluscs ; 973 were from the Carboniferous rocks of the neighbourhood, and of them 759 were plants, 79 arthropods, 105 molluscs, and 30 the remains of fishes. The best known of these choice specimens is the type of Eucladia j'ohnsoniy H. Woodward. Johnson (James R.) [ -1845] In medical practice at Hot Wells, Bristol, Johnson was a wealthy collector of fine fossils. His collection is mentioned in the West of England Journal (1835) as "particularly distinguished by the truly gigantic Ichthyosaurian remains which it contains." It was visited by Agassiz when he came to England to study fossil fishes. At Johnson's death, his collection was sold at Stevens', and, as the Austins say, " the treasures which it had taken a long life to accumulate were disj^ersed throughout the civilised world." A catalogue of the sale is in the library of the Geological Department. The British Museum then obtained a number of specimens of varied nature, including several ]\[esozoic fishes and some remains of Crinoidea, a few of the latter figured by T. and T. Austin (q.v.), notably the wonderful group from the Upper Lias of Bridport, described by them under the name of Fentacri n us Johnson i. Johnson (James Yate) Presented Tertiary MoUusca from Madeira, 1857. 302 Geology. Jones (Thomas Rupert) In the course of his researches on fossil Foraminifera and Entomostraca, Prof Eupert Jones collected important series of specimens, purchased from' him in 1869, 1880, 1882, 1888, 1891, 1892, and 1899. Jones (W. Weaver) A resident of Cleobury Mortimer, Weaver Jones collected teeth and spines of Elasmobranch Fishes from the Carboniferous Limestone of Oreton, and a few remains of Bothriolepis, &c., from the Upper Old Eed Sandstone of Farlow, Shropshire. Some of the fish-teeth were figured by Morris and Roberts (Quart. Journ. Geoh Soc, 1862). The collection of 140 specimens was purchased by the Museum from Mr. Jones' executor in 1880. Jordan (Swinfen) Presented Carboniferous Corals from Clifton, 1876. Judd (John Wesley) Presented fossils from borings in the London Basin, 1885 ; Ostracoda from the Bracklesham Beds, 1888 ; and Arthrojohycus from Gold Coast Colony, 1893. Jukes-Browne (Alfred John) Presented Tertiary and Post-Tertiary fossils from Barbados, 1890 and 1892 ; Miocene Mollusca and Corals from Antigua, 1894. Kapflf Collected Picptilia from the Trias of Wiirtemberg, purchased 1864. Kaup (Johann Jacob) [1803-1873] Dr. Kaup was Inspector of the Grand-Ducal Cabinet of Natural History at Darmstadt, from 1840 until 1873, and devoted special attention to the fossil Mammalia discovered in the Miocene deposits of Hesse-Darmstadt. He made a private collection of these fossils and sold it in instalments to the British Museum in the years 1837, 1845, 1846, and 1847. He finally sold the unique skull of Dinotherium giganteum, described by himself and A. v. Klipstein, and other important associated mammalian fossils, to Dr. Thomas Oldham, who allowed the British Museum to purchase them in 1867. Many of the specimens acquired by the Museum are described in Kaup's "Ossements Fossiles " (1832-41) and in other memoirs by him. Keeping (Henry) A well-known collector from whom were purchased Middle Eocene Mollusca from Stubbington, Hampshire, 1858; Pleistocene Mammalian remains from Barrington, Cambridge, 1885; and Tremadoc fossils from Shineton, Shropshire, 1889. Also collected Oligocene fossils from the Isle of Wight, presented by the Council of the Royal Society, 1887, and assisted in making the collections of F. E. Edwards and the Marchioness OF Hastings (q.v.). Kellett [Oapt.) Presented Pleistocene Mammalia from Kotzebue Sound, Alaska, 1850. Kemper (S.) Presented Palasoniscid fishes from the Karoo Formation of South Africa, 1897. Geology. 303 Ker (G. C. E.) Molar of Mastodon angustidens from the Red Crag of Foxall, Sufl'ulk, purchased 1888. Ketley (Charles) Living at Smethwick, near Birmingham, Ketley utilised the op])or- tunities afforded to him as a civil and mining engineer, of collecting specimens from the Wenlock Beds and Coal Measures of Dudley, Malvern Tunnel, and the district. The Museum made small purchases from him in 1866, 1869, 1870, 1873, 1874, and among these a series of the rare cystid Flacocystls, and another of the coral Goinophyllum, are noticeable. Specimens from his collection are in many other museums, e.g. the Woodwardian at Cambridge ; but on his death his main col- lection was acquired by the Mason College, now Birmingham University, a few remaining in the possession of his son, Mr. C. B. Ketley. One of the latter, figured by Bather (1891) as Thenar ocrinus ccdJipyyus, ultimately reached the Museum in the collection of Mr. W. Madoley. Kidston (Robert) Collected Coal-plants from the Eadstock and Forest of Dean Coalfields, presented by the Council of the Royal Society, 1885, 1887. Kimbley (Hugh) Presented Devonian Pentremites from Kentucky, 1890. King (William) Presented Syringosphxra from the Karakoram, Kashmir, 1890. Kirkby (J. W.) Collected Palaeozoic Ostracoda, purchased 1888. Klipstein (Augustus von) [1801-1894] Appointed Professor of Mineralogy at Giessen in 1836, Klipstein at once entered into correspondence with the British Museum, but it was not until he had published his " Beitrage zur geologischen Ktnntniss der Ostlichen Alpen" (1843) that the bargaining began seriously. At last, in 1851, the Trustees bought from him a collection of 6147 specimens, mostly from the St. Cassian beds, and including all those specimens in his own possession that were figured in the above work. Most classes of Invertebrata were representtd, as well as the reptilian fragments de- scribed by H. V. Meyer in the same book, and a few fish-rtniains. The collection further comprised specimens from other Triassic beds and other localities of the Tyrol, e.g. Mnschelkalk, Wengener Schichten, and Eaibler Schichten, also Cretaceous corals from Gosau, and Tertiary fossils from Brandenberger Thai, N. Tyrol. The collection was divided into 1030 lots, numbered consecutively, and each with one or more labels in Klipstein's handwriting, usually on pink paper. Not merely is this the chief collection of Keuper fossils in the Museum, but its value to the student may be judged from Zittel's statement that Klipstein increased the St. Cassian fauna by more than 300 species, " deren Begrunduug und Beschreibung freilich manches zu wiiupchen lasst." Other series of Klipstein's collecting are to be seen at Budapest and elsewhere, but that in the British Museum is the one by which his work must be interpreted. Knight (Thomas A.) Presented Silurian Trilobites, 18SG. 304 Geology, Koch (Albert C.) About 1840 Koch brought a large collection of remams of Mastodon americanus from Missouri and exhibited them to the public _ at Exeter Change in London. This collection was described by Koch himself in a small pamphlet entitled, " Desciiption of the Missourium" (Louisville, 1841) and it was reported on by II. Owen {Proc. Geol. Soc, 1842). It was ultimately purchased by the British Museum in 1844, and many of the separate bones were used in the reconstructed skeleton now placed at the entrance to the gallery of Fossil Mammalia. Kochibe (T.) Presented Radiolarian Chert from Japan, 1898. Koninck (Laurent Guillaume de) [1809-1887] Though Professor of Cl)emistry at Liege, de Kouinck's title to fame rests on his " Description des Animaux Fobsiles qui se trouvent dans le Terrain Carbonifere deBelgique" (1842-51), and subsequent works of similar nature. In 1853, on coming to London to receive the WoUaston Fund of the Geological Society, he sold to the British Museum a col- lection of Belgian fossils, representing 500 species from the Carboniferous, 125 from the Devonian, and 250 from the Tertiary rocks, in all some 3000 specimens. These weie accompanied by loose labels in de Koninck's small angular hand on oblong bits of white paper. Krantz (A. and F.) Numerous purchases have been made, especially of Continental fossils, from these dealers. They include pigmy elephants from the caverns of Sicily, 1897. Kusta (J.) Collected fossils from the Lower Permian Gas-coal of Bohemia, including a fossil scorpion (^CydoiMhalnms) purchased from him, 1895. Laffan (George Bastable) Presented antler of Pieindeer and skull of Bison from Thames deposits of Twickenham, 1894. Lakin (Michael H.) Presented skeleton of IcJitJiyosaurus pJati/odon from Lower Lias of Stockton, Warwickshire, 1898. Lambert (C J.) Presented Tertiary shells and fish-teeth from Coquimbo, Chili, 1878. Lankester (Edwin Ray) Presented a unique specimen of Pferaspis crouchi, showing scales, from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Worcestershire, 1873. Last^(J. T.) Mr. Last has collected zoological specimens in Madagascar for the Hon. Walter Piothschild. In 1894 he found some fossil bones in the marsh deposits of the island, and sent them to the British Museum, which purchased some of them directly from him, others through Mr. E. Gerrard. Among the remains was the orij,inal skull of Megaladapis madagascariensis, Forsyth Major. Geology. 305 Lustic (St. Val, Vicomte de) In 1863, the Vicomte de Lastic made a scientific exploration of the cavern of Bnmiquel on his estate in Tarn-et-Garonne, and obtained a large collection of remains of reindeer and other mammals associated with bones and implements of m;\n. In 1 864, Owen, having first taken care to visit the cavern with the Vicomte, purchased his collection for the British Museum, and subsequently described ttie human remains and the jaw^s of horses {Phil. Trans., 1869). The human bones and remains of associated animals, with a few implements, are preserved in the Depart- ment of GeoL )gy ; but the princijial objects of human workmanship are in the Department of British and Media3val Antiquities at Bloomsbury. Laur {Mrs. Agnes) Collected Polyzoa and other fossils from the Chalk of Rii^en, purchased 1899. Lay ton (James) 1'he Rev. James Layton was for some years Curate of Catfield, Norfolk, and made a valuable collection of the lars;er Mammalia from the Furest Bed, which was purchased by the Museum in 1858. Some of his observations were published in the Edinburgh Journal of Science (vol. vi.). Leach (R. E.) Presented bivalves from the Norwich Crag, 1888. Leathes (G. R.) Presented shells from the Crag of Suffolk and Norfolk, 1824. Lee (John Edward) [1808-1887] Born at Hull, Lee early made the acquaintance of Prof. John Phillips — then at York— and was by him led to the study of geology. During travels, on account of his health, through Scandinavia, llussia, and other parts of Europe, and later, when settled first at Monmouth and finally at Villa Syracusa, Torquay, he amassed a very large collection of fossils, which he presented, to the British Museum in 1885. A '* Hough Catalogue " of it, printed for private circulation in 1880, gave the number of specimens as 21,854, representing over 9750 species. Some of the specimens were collected by himself, others were bought from dealers, but to nearly all are attached labels in his own handwriting. The collection includes many type and figured specimens of plants and invertebrates. Among them may be specially mentioned the types of various sponges from the Yorkshire Chalk, described by Lee in 1839 (Mag. Nat. Hist.); a considerable number of brachiopods, mostly Devonian, figured in Phillips' " Palaeozoic Fossils of Devon and Cornwall " (1841), and by Davidson (Palfeontogr. Soc); types of EuomphaJus serpens and Goniatites excavatus figured by Phillips {op. cit.) ; Goniatifes multilobatus, Beyr., figured by F. Roemer {GeoL Mag., 1880); tlie trilobites lUxnus murchisoni and Ilomalonotus johannis, figured by Salter (Palfeontogr. Soc, 1865-67); the unique specimen of Tricoelo- crinus leei, Whidborne (1889). Lee published a few papers, reference to which and to other fossils in his collection will be found in his " Notebook of an Amateur Geologist," 1881. Leeds (Alfred Nicholson) For about thirty years Mr. Leeds, of Eyebury, Peterboroush, has, with great skill, collected the remains of re[>tiles and fishes from the VOL. I. X 306 Geology. Oxford Clay near Peterborough. His first collcctiori, made in associatioD with his brother, Mr. Charles E. Leeds, was purchased from hitn by the Museum in four instalments in 1890, 1891, 1892 and 1893. Several subsequent small purchases have added important specimens to the series, notably a nearly complete Plesiosaurian skeleton in 1897, and the tail and two limbs of a gigantic Dinosaur in 1899. This collection comprises many type and unique specimens of Dinosauria, Crocodilia, Plesiosauria, Ichthyosauria, and fishes, described by J. Phillips, J. W. Hulke, H. G-. Seeley, R. Lydekker, C. W. Andrews, and A. S. Woodward. Leeds (Charles E.) See Leeds, Alfeed Xicholson. Lees {Sir Charles Cameron) Presented bones of Dodo from Mauritius, 1892. Leeson (John Rudd) Dr. Leeson, with Mr. G. B. Laflfan, has investigated the Thames- deposits at Twickenham (see Quart. Journ. Geol. Sac, 1894). He pre- sented to the British Museum the fossils there found, namely, a unique frontlet of Saiga tatarica in 1891, remains of Pieindeer and Bison in 1894, and a skull of Bos j^trimigenius with Mollusca in 1896. Leidy (Joseph) Presented a skull of Oreodon culbertsoni from the White River Formation of Dakota, 1890. Leifchild {3Irs.) Presented miscellaneous British fossils, 1890. Lepsius (Richard) Plaster cast of restored skeleton of HaUtherium scliinzi from Lower Miocene, Hesse Darmstadt, purchased 1884. Lessly (Andrew) Presented silicified wood from Antigua, 1763. Lettsom (W. G.) Presented Tertiary shells from South America, 1860. Lewis (E. R.) The late Professor in the Syrian Protestant College, Beyrout, made a large collection of the various organisms found in the Upper Cretaceous of the Lebanon. He specially collected the fishes, and described his work in the Geological Magazine, dec. 2, vol. v. (1878), pp. 214-220. His collection was acquired by the dealer, R. Damon, of "Weymouth, from whom the Trustees of the British Museum purchased a first selection in 1878, 1883, and 1884. A selection was subsequently purchased by the Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art. I'he whole collection of fish- remains was described by J. W. Davis (Trans. Hoy. Duhlin Soc, ser. 2, vol. iii., 1887). The British Museum possesses the specimens on \vhich H. Woodward founded the species Squilla lewisi and Limulus syriacus {Quart. Journ. Geol. Sac, 1879). Lewis (T. T.) Mr. Lewis, of Aymestry, assisted Murchison in investigating the Upper Silurian of the district in which he resided, and made a large Geology. 307 collection of the local fossils (see Geikie, " Life of Muicliison," i., p. 242 ; 1875). Most of these specimens were given to Murchison or sent abroad • but a small remnant of the collection, including some T^Iollusca named and partly described by J. W. Salter, was purchased by the British Museum from Mi-. T. Bryan Ward, of Aymestry, in 1898. Lhotzky (John) In 1837 this gentleman presented 18 specimens of fossil invertebrates (Brachiopoda, etc.), collected by himself from the Palaeozoic rocks of Tasmania. " Labels in red ink, attached to several specimens, relate to my day-book." He also presented some specimens to the Geological Society. Lightbody (Robert) [ -1874] Mr. Lightbody resided at Ludlow and collected Lower PahTozoic fossils. On his death in 1874, he bequeathed his collection in three ]mrts to the British Museum, the Lndlow Museum, and the Mancliester Museum. The British Museum received the type-specimen of a Cambrian Trilobite, Erinnys 7'amidosa, from St. Davids; an undescribed star-fish from the Upper Ludlow of Leintwardiue ; and about 70 fish-remains from the Upper Silurian and Lower Old Bed Sandstone, including several specimens of Fteraspis and Cephalaspis, described by Prof. Ray Lankester ia his "Cephjilaspidas" (Pateontogr. Soc, 1868-70). All the specimens were well labelled by Lightbody himself. Lindstrom (Gustaf) Collected Silurian Invertebrata from Gotland, purchased 18G6. Liversidge (Archibald) Presented Paloeozoic fossils from Xew South Wales, 1880. Loftus (W. K.) Presented Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils from Persia, 1853. Logan {Sir William EDMOiifD) Presented Eozoon canadense, 1864. Lowndes (Miss) Collected and presented fossils from 'the Gault of Okeford Fitzpaine, Dorset, 1896 ; described by Mr. R. B. Newton, Proc. Dorset Nat. Fidd Club, vol. xviii., 1897. Lubbock {Sir John) See AvEBURY, Baron. Lucy (W. C.) Collected English Jurassic and Cretaceous fossils, presented by[Mr. Edward Power, 1895. Luxmoore (E. Bouverie) Explored the caverns of the Yale of Clwyd with Dr. Henry Hicks, and presented the resulting collection in 1885. Also ])resented Devonian Corals and Stromatoporoids from Torquay, 1883; Trilobites from the Penrhyn Slate Quarries, 1888 ; and Nummulites from Mentone, 1889. X 2 308 Geology. Lyell {Sir Charles) During his foreign travels, when occupied with geological researches, Sir Charles Lyell made several small collections. In 1844, accompanied by Sir J. William Dawson, he collected a series of Carboniferous Inverte- brata, which were studied by de Yerneuil and enumerated, with his memoranda, in Lyell's " Travels in North America," 1845. This col- lection was presented to the Museum of Practical Geology, whence it was transferred to the British Museum in 1880. Fossil Invertebrata from the Canaries were presented by him to this Museum in 1856 and 1860, from Madeira in 1857. The type-specimen of Cephalaspis hjeUi and bones of Trogontherium described in Owen's ♦' British Fossil Mammals," were also among Sir Charles Lyell's donations, which began in 1829. MacCullough (D. M.) Collected and presented Pteraspidian fishes from the Lower Old Pted Sandstone of Herefordshire and Monmouthshire, 1883. MacDonald (Robert) Collected and presented Pleistocene Jtlammalian remains from the Porcupine Eiver, Canada, 1873. MacLeod {Sir Norman) Presented Old Eed Sandstone Fishes from Scotland, 1847. McCormick (Robert) [1800-1890] In his capacity as naval surgeon, McCormick was sent three times to the West Indies, while in 1827 he went with Parry to the Arctic, and in 1839 with Ross to the Antarctic Piegions. In 1852 he again visited the Arctic Piegions, leading a boat expedition up the Wellington Channel. He bequeathed to the nation 250 fossils, chiefly Brachiopoda, collected by him in the Arctic Regions, Madeira, Tasmania, the Falkland Isles, and Kerguelen Island, and occasionally referred to in his book, " Voyages of Discovery in the Arctic and Antarctic Seas and round the World" (1854). McEnery (John) [17 -1841] For many years Chaplain, at Tor Abbey, McEnery dented his leisure to the exploration of the caverns near Torquay. While collecting the mammalian remains, between 1825 and 1829, he accumulated many notes and drawings, which he would have published had his appeal for sub- scriptions been responded to. These remained unpublished until 1859, when Mr. Edward Vivian edited the MSS. and used the prepared plates of illustrations in a posthumous work, "Cavern Researches." On the death of McEnery, his collections and MSS. were dispersed by auction, and a large series of the specimens from Kent's Cavern was purchased by the Trustees of the British Museum in 1842, Some of McEnery's fio-ured specimens are in this collection, others in that of the Geological Society, and a few in the Torquay ;Museum. The collection of J. E. Lee {q.v.) contained 106 " original specimens of McEnery from Kent's Cavern, bought at Newton." McMurtrie (James) Alderman McMurtrie, of Radstock, manager of the Somerset estates of Lord Carlingford, devoted about thirty years to the collection of fossil plants from °the Somersetshire Coal Measures. His valuable collection was studied and partly described by !Mr. R. Kidston, and the greater part Geology. .'{09 of it, comprising 263 specimens, was presented to the Museum by ^Ir. McMurtrie in 1894. MacPherson (William) Collected and presented fossils from tlic English Chalk, 1899, 1900. Madeley (William) For many years secretary to the Dudley and Midland Geological Society, Mr/ Madeley, who formerly lived in Dudley, was in a goon, containing more than 20,000 specimens, was there arranged for public exhibition by the Sussex Scientific Institution as the Mantellian Museum, with G. F. Eichardson as curator, in the ho^Des that it would form the basis of a County IMuseum. Each specimen bore a small yellow oval label numbered in ink to correspond with a MS. Catalogue prepared by himself. In 1817, he presented to the British Museum a few specimens to illustrate his forthcoming first work; and, in 1825, he added a tooth of the newly- discovered "/^?;a?^oc?ow. In 1839, disappointed that the municipality of Brighton would not acquire his collection, he sold the whole of it to the British Museum at a considerable loss. It was especially valuable as containing not only the "Wealden Eeptilia, the Maidstone Greensand Iguanodon, and other fossils described in detail by Mantell himself, but also Chalk and Wealden Fishes described by Agassiz in his " Recherches sur les Poissons Fossiles " ; it also included various specimens bought at the sale of James Parkinson's collection {q.v.), but not all of these can now be identified. In later years, when settled in Chester Square, Pimlico, Dr. Mantell continued to collect Dinosaurian remains from the Weald, and other fossils. After his death a selection from this second collection, comprising 100 vertebrate remains and over 1000 invertebrates, was purchased by the British Museum in lb53. Mantell {The Eon. Walter Baldock Durrant) [1820-1895] The eldest son of Dr. G. A. Mantell left England about 1810 for New Zealand, where he ultimately held important public positions. He was one of the earliest and most systematic collectors of bird-bones from the superficial deposits of that country. He also discovered the nearly- extinct Notornis manteUi, of which his original specimens are in the Department of Zoology. A few bones of Dinornithidfe sent by him to Dr. G. A. Mantell, and described by the latter {Quart. Journ. GeoL Soc, 1848), were purchased by the Museum in 1848. A large collection, obtained by Mantell chiefly from the old cooking-places of the Maories, was purchased in 1856. Marsh (Othniel Charles) Presented casts of several remarkable American fossil Yertebrata described in his works, including Eosaurus acadianus (1862), Cretaceous toothed Birds (1881), BhamphorhyncJws phyllurtis (1883), Dinocerata (1885), a skeleton of Dinoceras mirahih (1888), and a skull and mandible of Brontops rohustus (1889). He also presented a specimen of the Trilobite, Triarthrus hecH, with appendages, in 1894, and BracMospongia from the Ordovician of Kentucky, in 1895. Marsham-Townsend {Hon. Robert) Presented a valuable collection of British fossils and some Cretaceous Fishes from Brazil, 1877. Geologij. 31 L IVIartin (Handel T.) Collected fossils from the Chalk of Kansas, includincr Viatacrinus and the wing-bones of Pteranodon, puichasod in 1895 and 1000. aVEartin (William) [1767-1810] The son of a hosier of Marsfield, Nottinghamshire, Martin spent his childhood on the provincial stage. But in his twelfth year, taking 'drawing-lessons from James Bolton of Halifax, he also imljilx-d from him a taste for natural history. He earned his living as a drawing-master, first iit Burton-on-Trent, then at Buxton, and at Macclesfield from 1805 to his •death. He collected fossils in the neighbourhood and wrote various papers on them. His best-known work is " Petrificata Derbiensia" (1809). Many of the specimens figured in this book were handed by his widow to James Sowerby, who refigured them in his "Mineral 'Conchology," and thus they came with the Sowerby Collection to the British Museum. It is not known where the other originals of "" Petrificata Derbiensia " now are; but in 1833 some were in the small but good collection of Martin's coadjutor. White Watson, F.L.S., of Bakewell (see Mag. Nat. Hid. vi., p. 130). The Department possesses a representation of the " Strata in Beverley Liberty, Yorkshire," inlaid in local rocks, " By W. Watson." Martin (W. J.) Presented the type-specimen of Lepidotus fittoni from the Wcalden of Sussex, 1846. Martinetti (A.) Collected Pliocene Mollusca from Monte Mario, Ptome, purchased 1894. IVEasing (Karl) Presented tooth of Elasmotherium from Russia, 1898. Mathieu (M.) Collected Miocene shells and corals from Touraine, purchased 1847. Matthew (G. F.) Presented Eorystis primsevus from Lower Cambiian, New Brunswick, 1900. IVEaunsell {Ven. Archdeacon) Presented a skeleton of the Irish Deer, 1843. Maw (George) Presented a skull of Loxomma allmanni from the Coal ^Measures of Coalbrookdale, 1884, and some Silurian Brachiopodn, 1885. Mawson (Joseph) While occupied with the construction of railways in Bahia, Brazil, Mr. Mawson has made a valuable collection of Cretaceous Rfiptilia, Pisces, and Mollusca from that region. It has been presented by him to the ^luseum in several small instalments from 1881 onwards, and comprises the type-specimens of Lejndotus maiusom', MegaJurus maicsoni, and Acrodus nitidus^ besides the first evidence of Pterosauria from Brazil, described by Dr. A. S. Woodward (Ann. Mag. Naf. Hist, 1898-1902). There are also remains of Pleistocene Mastodon and Megatherium in the collection. 312 Geology, Metcalfe (Arthur T.) Presented an upper jaw of young Elephas from Ores well Caves, 1885. Metropolitan Board of Works Presented Mamrnalian bones from excavations for the Thames Embankment, Westminster, 1875. Meyer (C J. A.) Presented Pleistocene non- marine Mollusca from Blackfriars Koad, 1890 ; Cretaceous Polyzoa, 1897. Meyrat (Emile) Prepared fossil fishes from the Oligocene slates of Canton Glarus^ Switzerland, purchased 1869. Michalet (Alphonse) Though engaged in business as a flower-merchant, both in Leipzig and at his residence near Reyuier-Six-Fours (Var), Mr. Michnlet has found time to make geological excursions in Algeria and to publish studies on the Bathonian and Cenomanian rocks near Toulon and their Echinoids IbuV. Soc. Geol. France, 1895, 1901). The former of these papers led to a correspondence with Mr. Michalet and to the purchase of some specimens from him in 1896 ; a larger purchase was made through the dealer, R. Damon, in 1897. These may be summarised as follows:— 1195 Molluscs, 3289 Brachiopods, and 246 Corals, from the Senonian, Turonian, and Neocomian rocks of Provence, and from the Bathonian, Lias, and Muschelkalk of Var, also 435 Echinoderms and 4 Foraminifers from the Tertiary, Cretaceous, and Jurassic rocks of Algeria. All the specimens were provided with loose white paper labels in Mr. Michalet's. handwriting. Millar (John) Presented microscope-slides of fossil Invertebrata, 1888. Milligan (Joseph) Presented Pala3ozoic fossils from Tasmania, 1863. Milne (John) Collected and presented Tertiary fossils from Sinai and Egypt, 1874 ; discovered bones of Great Auk in Funk Island, off Newfoundland^ purchased 1875 ; presented Mesozoic fossils and Post- Pliocene Mollusca from Japan, 1882, 1888. Mitchell (Hugh) [1822-1894] Living at Craig, near Montrose, Mitchell made a collection of about 220 fossils from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Forfarshire, including some important fishes, among which were the type-specimens of Climatius scutiger, Egerton, Eiithacantlius grandis, Powrie, and Ischuacanthus gracilis, Egerton. This collection was purchased by the Museum from Dr. Mitchell in 1893. Mitchell {Sir Thomas) Presented fossil Mollusca and silicificd wood from northern Australia,. 1848. Geology, UZ Mitchell (W. S.) Discovered skeleton of Apfornis defosaor at Castle Rock, S. Island, New Zealand, purchased from Mr. A. Hamilton, 1893. Mitchell (W. Stephen) Collected Middle Eocene plant-remains from Alum Bay, Isle of Wight, presented by the Council of the British Association, 18G7. Mitchinson {BigJit Bev. John, Bishop) Collected and presented rhjistocene MoUusca from Barbados, 1892. Mohr (Paul) Collected numerous fossil;-', chiefly from Germany and France, purchasci^ 1848. Mojsisovics (Edmund von) The former Vice- Director of the Imperial Geological Survey of Austria, who is well known as a writer on Triassic Cephalopoda, obtained for the British Museum a collection of 1300 Mollusca, chiefly Cephalopoda, from the Upper Trias of Hallstatt. It was purchased in two instalments in 1889 and 1890. Monk (Henry) Mr. Monk, of Yeovil, collected fossils from the Inferior Oolite in the neighbourhood of that town. A selection of 580 Invertebrata from his collection was purchased in 1692, a second collection being purchased iii 1897. Montefiore (T. L.) Plesiosaurian skull from Lower Lias, Lyme Regis, purchased 1878. Moore (Charles) Presented Upper Liassic Brachiopoda from llminster, 1819. Moreno (Francisco P.) Presented plaster cast of hind limb of Brontornis from Lake Argen- tine, Patagonia, 1892. Morris (John) Collected miscellaneous English fossil Invertebrata, purchased 1863. Presented Eocene Ostracoda, 1884. Morton (George Highfield) [1826-1900] Morton was occupied for forty years with geological researches near Liverpool, where he lived, and in North Wales. He published a volume entitled "The Geology of the Country around Liverpool," in ]863,. a newer edition of the same in 1891, and an Appendix in 1897. Besides mapping the Liverpool district, his most important work was the detailed examination of the Carboniferous Limestone of North Wales, described m a series of jiapers published by the Liverpool Geological Society and in one read before the Geological Society of London (Quart. Journ., 1898). His collection illustrated his researches, and also compiised many valuable Palaiozoic fossils older than the Carboniferous, besides a jaw of Fhasco- Jotherium from the Stonesfield Slate. It was well catalogued ami labelled: by himself, and the greater part of it (a selection of 4000 specimens) waa jmrchased by the British Museum from his executor in 1900. 314 Geology. Murchison {Sir Roderick Lmpey) [1792-1871] During his explorations on the continent of Europe, and among the lower Paleozoic rocks of these islands, the founder of the Silurian System made very large collections. Many of his specimens went to the Museum of the Geological Survey, of which he was long director; others, and especially most of those figured in the " Silurian System," to the Museum of the Geological Society. Many, however, were presented by him to the British INIuseum at intervals from 1842 onwards. Of these the most important was the figured counterpart half of the skeleton of the so-called fossil fox, bought by Murchison from a physician at Oeningen in 1828, •developed by G. A. Mantell, described by R. Owen as Galecynus, and presented in 1852, the less important half going to the Geological Society. In 1854 Murchison presented over 800 British Silurian fossils, with others from the Silurian of Russia, the Tertiary of Poland, and the Cretaceous of the Austrian Alps. In 1872, his nephew and heir, Mr. Kenneth Murchison, presented a large series of fossils from various European formations, selected from the museum of Sir Roderick. On their receipt these were furnished with slips of blue paper on each of which is written *" Murchison Colin." Murray (Sir John) Presented ^Miocene Mollusca and other fossils from l\Talta, 1890. "Transmitted the Challenger collection of deep-sea deposits, 1895. IVIurray (Peter) Collected Yorkshire Lower Jurassic plant-remains, purchased 1839. aVEuseum of Practical Geology The collections of foreign fossils were transferred from this Museum to the British Museum in 1880. They included specimens collected or •contributed by Risk Allah Effendi, W, G. Atherstone, R. A. Godwin- Austen, A. G. Bain, H. Bauerman, Sir H. T. de la Beche, Sir Edward Belcher, J. J. Bigsby, Bonehard, Bosquet, AV. Buckland, J. Clark, Lieut. €ockburn, J. Crawford, Sir J. William Dawson, Earl of Enniskillen, E. Forbes, P. de la Harpe, R. Haul, Sir James Hector, 0. Heer, J. D. Hooker, Evan Hopkins, W. Hottelart, E. Hubbert, Hudson's Bay Company, Capt. Ibbetson, Capt. Inglefield, J. B. Jukes, T. Kjerulf, Koch, L. G. de Koninck, A. Krantz, Linton, Sir William E. Logan, W. Lonsdale, Sir Charles Lyell, McChesney, G. A. Mantell, H. Milne-Edwards, John Morris, Lieut.-Col. Munro, Sir Roderick I. Murchison, Hon. Miss Murray, €apt. Nelson, Osborne, A. Phillips, Poole, S. P. Pratt, Sir Joseph Prest- wich, T. Reeks, Ramain, E. Renevier, James Russell, J. G. Rutland, L. Saemann, F. Sandberger, Lieut. Sankey, Sir Robert Schomburgk, Sir H. Seymour, Sir Warington W. Smyth, Admiral Sir Thomas B. Spratt, Stokes, Capt. Strachey, Sutherland, D. Thompson, G. P. Wall, and the Ross Antarctic Expedition. ITatal, Government of Presented Cretaceous Mollusca from Natal, 1894. Newberry (John Strong) Presented fins of Cladoselache from Upper Devonian of Ohio, 1888. Nicholson (Henry Alleyne) [1844-1899] Among other researches the late Professor of Natural History at Aberdeen Liniversity devoted much attention to the Stromatoporoids, of Geology, 3 1 5 which he formed a large collection, the hasis of liis " Monogra|ih of the British Stromatoporoids " (PaLToiitogr. Soc, 188n, 1888, 1800, IBOL^. It was purchased by tlie Museum through Mr. F. II. Butler in 1805. Nicholson (J. G.) Presented Jurassic Ammonites from Somaliland, 1801. Nicol (William) [1768-1851] The inventor of the Nicol prism was also the first to devise a method of making thin slices of fossils, rocks, and minerals for microscopic exam- ination. 313 slides of fossil wood made by him were purchased from J. Bryson in 1867. Noble (James) Discovered type-specimen of Iloloptycltius nohilissimiis from Upper Old Pted Sandstone of Perthsliire, purchased 1840. Norris (W.) Presented bivalve shells from Coal Measures of Newcastle, 1828. Northampton {Marquess of) Presented Tertiary shells from I Tertiary shells from Italy, 1831. Ogle (Joseph B.) Mr. Ogle made an important collection of Middle Eocene fossils from Bracklesham Bay. About 1200 specimens, chiefly Mollusca, were selected from his collection and purchased from Mr. Ogle in 1801. Owen {Sir Richard) Many specimens given personally to Sir Richard Owen were presented by him to the Museum. They included the John Brown Collection (q.v.), s\-)ec\mens oi Archegosau7-us decheni from Rhenish Prussia (1861), gizzard stones and tracheal rinus of Dinornithidaj from New Zealand (1870), the skull of Frorastomus sirenoides from Jamaica (1874), the natural cast of a Sirenian brain from the Eocene of Egypt (1875), and the type-tooth of Macacus pliocenus with other Mammalian remains (1884). Owles (J. J.) Mr. Owles, resident at Great Yarmouth, obtained from the local fishermen a valuable collection of Pleistocene ^Tammalian bones, dredged off the eastern coast and the Dogger Bank. The collection comprised about 300 specimens and was described by William Davies {GeoJ. Mag. 1878). It was purchased by the Museum from Mr. Owles in 1874. Palin (R D.) Collected miscellaneous British fossil Invertebrata, purchased 1000. Parish (John) Presented Mammalian remains from the Pampa of Buenos Ayres, 1865. Parker (William Kitchen) [1823-1800] While occupied with his early researches on the Foraminifera, Prof. Parker made a small collection of these organisms, recent and fossil. In 1802, 2000 slides mounted by him were purchased from his executor. Parkinson (James) [ -1824] Parkinson was in practice as a surgeon in Hoxton fnnn 1785, or earlier, to his death. He wrote numerous medical and iKditical l>ooks, but 316 Geology. is best known as author of "Organic Eemains of a Former World" (1804-11), in the compilation of which he examined "the numerous valuable specimens " in the British Museum. The figures, however, were chiefly drawn from specimens in his own " tolerably large and systematic cabinet, obtained from the museums of Mr. Strange, Lord Donegal, M. Calonne, and of several other collectors " (" Org. Rem.," I., p. vi.). Among names elsewhere mentioned is that of Sir Ashton Lever. Mantell calls it a "matchless collection" {Lcndon Geol. Joiirn., p. 14). Unfor- tunately it was dispersed by auction in x\pril, 1827, at very low prices. "A great number of the zoophytes," says Mantell (Joe. cit.\ "were purchased by an American gentleman for a few pounds, sent to the United States, and w^ere consumed by fire, with the museum in which they were contained." Mantell himself bought a bear's skull from Gailenreuth, and other specimens, which came ultimately to _ the British Museum. Others came in like manner through the Enniskillen collection. In the Sowerby collection, specimens marked with a "P" Avere bought at the Parkinson sale. The original of Vol. IIL, pi. xvi., f. 19, CoromiUtes diadema, bought by Rev. Thos. Image, of Whepstead^ Bury St. Edmunds, was eventually obtained for the nation from Mr. W. Nelson Last, of Bury St. Edmunds. Among other museums to which Parkinson's specimens found their way, are those of Cambridge ("Life of Sedgwnck," p. 280), of Oxford, and of Haslemere {Museums Journ., ii., 117). To the Geological Society he presented various specimens in 1813 and 1814, but his name does not appear in the old records of donations to the British Museum. Peach (Charles William) [1800-1886] Peach was in the coastguard service, and began his geological studies on the south coast of Cornwall. He was one of the earliest discoverers of fossils, including fish-remains, in the Devonian rocks of that county, and his first collection is now in the Penzance Museum. He removed to Wick, Caithness, in 1853, and again began to discover fossils, notably fishes, in the Old Red Flagstones of the clifi's near Wick, and invertebrates in the Silurian limestones of Durness, Sutherland. His Scottish col- lection, purchased by the British Museum in 1870, comprised 41 Silurian fossils from Durness, 130 Old Red Sandstone fishes and crustacean remains, 185 Jurassic fossils from Brora, and some Old Red Sandstone and Carboniferous plants. Many of the fishes bear small descriptive labels or notes in Peach's own handwriting. Pearson (J. N.) Presented Ordovician fossils from Ohio, 1851. Pengelly (William) [1812-1894] Pengelly resided at Torquay and superintended the excavations in Brixham Cave and Kent's Cavern, which were respectively undertaken by the Royal and Geological Societies in 1858-59, and by the British Association in 1864-79. He also explored the Happaway Cave in 1862-63. Besides these researches, geological work and the collection of fossils in the Devonian, Carboniferous, Cretaceous, and Tertiary rocks of Devon- shire and part of Cornwall, also occupied him for many years. The collection of remains from Brixham Cave, described by Prof. George Busk {Phil, Trans., 1873), was presented to the British Museum in 1876. The first selection of the Kent's Cavern collection, described in the British Association Reports, was presented to the Museum by the Council of the British Association and Lord Haldon in 1883, while the second selection Geology, 317 was presented to the Torquay Museum. Most of Pengelly's Devonian fossils were purchased by the Baroness Burdett-Coutts for the Oxford Museum. From what remained of his coUection at his death, a first selection comprising Pleistocene Mammalia from the llappaway Cave, various Devonian, Carboniferous, and Greensaud fossils, was presented to the British Museum by Mrs. rengelly in 1896 ; while a second selection was presented to the Museum of Practical Geology. Pentland (Joseph BxS.rclay) [1797-1873] Pentland studied in Paris under Cuvier, and became interested in fossil Vertebrata. He collected a fine series of Upper Pliocene mammalian remains from the Val d' Arno, Italy, and presented it to the Museum in 1853. Jllppopotamus pentlandi was named after him. Penton (R. H.) Presented dentition of Myliuhatls pentoni from Eocene near Cairo, 1893. Pepper {Miss) Presented Mammalian remains from Perim Island, 1841. Perceval (Spencer George) Presented Mammalian remains from Pen Park Cave, Westbury-on- Trym, 1884; pieces of Khsetic Bone-bed from Aust, 1889; and Inverte- brata from the Lower Lias of Somersetshire, 1896. Arranged the purchase of the Westmoreland Collection of Red Chalk fossils, 1900. Petzholdt (Alexander) Presented Calamites from the Coal Measures of Saxony, 1859. Pfeiffer {Mrs.) Presented Tertiary Echinoids from Java, 1855. Phillips {Mrs. E. Lort) Collected and presented fossils from Somahland, 1896. Pickering (J.) Collected Pleistocene non-marine Mollusca from Grays and theKennet Valley, presented by the Council of the Geologists' Association, 1892. Piper (George Harry) [1819-1897] While resident at Ledbury for nearly fifty years Piper devoted much attention to the geology of the district. When the Hereford and Worcester railway was constructed, he studied the Ledbury station section of the Upper Silurian and Passage Beds, and made a large collection of the fossils obtained. Among the^^e were unique specimens of Ccphalaspidian fishes, especially Ccphalaspis murchisuni, Auchenaspis egertoni, and Didymaspis grindrodi, presented by Mr. Piper to the British jMiiseum in 1887 and 1889, and described in the British [Museum "Catalogue of Fossil Fishes," Part 11. The remainder of his collection, comprising 150 fish-remains and about 1650 Upper Silurian Invertebratn, was purchased from his executor in 1898. Plant (John) [1820-1894] Major Plant, curator of the Silford Museum, collected fish-remains and other fossils from the Coal JNIeasures of Collyhurst, IManchester. His collection of about 450 si^ecimens, including the type-specimen of 318 Geology, Madlnichthys planti, and four fragments of Platysomidfe described by Dr. Traquair, was purchased from him by the British Museum m 1892. All the specimens bear a printed locality-label. Pohlig (Hans) Among other important researches, Prof. Pohlig, of Bonn, has collected mammalian remains from the Lower Pliocene of Maragha, Persia, and from the caverns of Sicily. The former collection was noticed by him in the Quarterly Journal of the aeological Society (1886), and part of it was purchased by the British Museum through the dealer, R. Damon m 1888. The second collection comprised pigmy elephants, of which some typical remains were purchased by the Museum through Dr. F. Krantz in 1897. Pomel (Auguste) [1821-1898] A native of Auvergne, Pomel while yet a boy was drawn by A. Bravard (q.v.) to the study of the Tertiary rocks of central France and their fossils, especially the mammals. He contrived opportunity to continue his scientific work while undergoing his seven years of enforced miUtary service, and the French Geological Society and Academy of Sciences published valuable communications from Sergeant PomeL Deprived at last of the hospitality of the barracks, he resumed work with Bravard in the deposits of Perrier, Debruge, and Cu^uron, and made notes- for a proposed illustrated catalogue. In 1851, Pomel was sent to the Great Exhibition in London, and used the opportunity for study at the British Museum, where the services he was able to render were so much appreciated that, it is said, he was offered a post. He sold his collection of fossil vertebrates to the Trustees but decUned the appointment, preferring to live in his own country. He had not reckoned on the cou2y d'etat of December. While extricating vertebrate bones at St. Gerand- le-Puy, he was pursued by gendarmes for a too zealous repubhcan. Bravard was transported to Cayenne, but Pomel hid until his sentence was commuted to banishment to Algeria. Here he at once produced his ♦'Catalogue Methodique et Descriptif des Vertebres Fossiles decouverts dans le Bassin de la Loire " (1853), in which many of the British Museum specimens are mentioned, and then quitted the study of his Auvergne fossils for ever. Bat he could not give up his science; his energy remained, and he became eventually Director of the Geological Survey of Algeria. Ponsort (Baron) Collected fishes from the Upper Cretaceous of Mont Aime, Marne, purchased 1851. Porter (James) Presented remains of Aepyornis from Madagascar, 1882. Post (G. E.) Presented PHocene MoUusca from Latakia, Syria, 1885, 1886. Postans (T.) Presented fossil MoUusca from Cutch, 1813. Potter (Geokge) Presented Invertebrata from English Chalk, 1899. Geology. 319 Power (Edward) Presented the W. C. Lucy Collection of English fossiU, 1895. Powrie (James) Presented fossil Fishes and a neai-ly compl-^te body of Pteryqotns angh'ciis from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Forfarshire, 18»jl, 1865. His large collection from the same formation and locality was purchased later by the Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art. Pratt (Samuel Peace) [1789-1863] An enthusiastic student of many sciences, Pratt finally turned to geology in 1812, and during the rest of his long life collected many valuable specimens, with which he was most generous. In 1823 he went to Bath, where he resided for sixteen years, and this renders it probable- that he was the donor, on March 8th, 1828, of " An undescribed crinoidal animal imbedded in Limestone from Bath," although J, E. Gray, who described it as Apiucrinites prattii {Phil. Mag., 1828), referred to him as Mr. J. S. Pratt. At any rate, two years later, S. P. Pratt was a donor to the Natural History Departments of the Museum. His first work was on the freshwater formation at Binsted, Isle of Wight, wliere he discovered Anoplotherium and Palxotheriiim (Trans. Geol. Sac, 1831). After this he travelled much on the continent, studying and writing on bone-caves- near Palermo (1833), on the geology of Normandy (1837), of Bayonne (1843), of the Astuiias (1815), and of Catalonia (1852). Pratt made numerous donations to the Geological Department, e.g., in 1816, some remarkable Tertiary fossils including the gregarious cyprinodont fish Lebias cephalotes from Aix in Provence; in 1850 and 1851, various fossils from the Mesozoic formations of southern England and a series of Rudista3 and allied forms from the Chalk near Toulon ; in 1854, a further series of those curious molluscs, some of which were figured by S. P. Woodward (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, 1855) ; in 1852 nummulites, crinoids, and other invertebrates, from the Eocene of Biarritz, Nice, Barcelona, etc., among which the type of Peiitacrinus pratti, Austin, is noteworthy^ in 1853, brachiopods and other invertebrates from Asturias, the latter yielding specimens subsequently figured by Etheridge and Carpenter (" Catalogue of Blastoidea," 1886). Finally, in 1857, Pratt presented about 1000 selected specimens of invertebrates, chiefiy from P)ritish Mesozoic rocks. Many of his specimens were placed in the Museum of the Geological Society, others in the Museum of Practical Geology, the foreign specimens among the latter being transferred to the British Museum in 1880. Prestwich (Sir Joseph) [1812-1896] During his long series of researches, Prestwich accumulated a large collection illustrating his work, and this was acquired by the British Museum in three instalments. The first, comprising 1755 specimens chiefly of British Eocene invertebrates and plants, was ])resented by the Professor in 1885. The second portion contained 1314 Carboniferous and Silurian fossils from Coalbrookdale, referred to in his memoir on the district (Trans. Geol. Soc, 1840), also a few Vertebrata from the Crag,, and some Pleistocene mammalian bones from Bedford ; it was purchased in 1894, and w^as accompanied by a MS. catalogue by Prof. T. Hupert Jones. The third more miscellaneous portion, including some PaL^olithic Implements and the Eolithic Implements from Kent described in "Some Controverted Questions of Geology," was presented by Lady Prestwich m 320 Geology. 1896 ; with it was a MS. catalogue compiled by Prof. T. Eupert Jones. Few of the fossils bear any distinctive labels. Keeve (W.) Presented bones of Dlnornis casuarinus from Glenmark Swamp, New Zealand, 1870. Held (Clement) Presented Pleistocene Mollusca from N. Italy and S. France, 1891. Keid (James) Presented FalaeospondijliLs and other Fishes from the Old Eed Sand- stone of Caiihness, 1896. Rich (William) This dealer, who had a shop opposite the British Museum, also kept a small establishment at Bristol, in which he was helped by his sister, Miss A. liich, a very active and careful collector. She was one of the earliest to collect from the Lower Carboniferous Limestone series at Clevedon Bay, and the Austins acknowledge the help obtained from her in their "Monograph on Crinoidea" (see esp. pp. 71, 92). In 1867 the Trustees purchased from Piich 13 palatal teeth, 2 trilobites, and 287 remains of crinoids, collected as above, and including specimens of Poteriocrinus pUcatus (PI. ix., 4 A-c) and F. pentagonus (PI. xi., f. 2d) figured by the Austins. The originals of PI. ix. ff. 1 and 2a are not now to be found and probably never reached the Museum. Kichards (Upton) Presented Mammalian remains from Kent's Cavern, 1845. Richardson {Sir John) Presented Arctic Paleozoic Brachiopoda, 1848, and Tertiary leaves from the Mackenzie River, Canada, 1861. Richmond (DuJce of) Presented Old Red Sandstone Fishes from Tynet Burn, 1859. Rickard (T. A.) Presented a Fish, Priscacara, from the Eocene of Wyoming, 1889. Ripley A collector and dealer in the fossils of the Whitby Lias, from whom were purchased a skull of Steneosaurus and a skeleton of FelagosauruSy 1841, 1842. Robertson (David) Presented Post-Tertiary fossils from the Clyde, 1883, 1884. Rofe (John) [1801-1878] That Rofe was early a keen geologist is shown by the " Observations on the Geological Structure of the Neighbourhood of Reading," contributed by him to the Geological Society in 1834 {Trans. G. S., 1837). Later on, while resident for twenty-five years at Preston as engineer to the gas-works, he made a fine collection of fossils, mainly Crinoids and Blastoids, from the Carboniferous Limestone of the neighbourhood, and, on his retirement, devoted himself to the study of their internal anatomy, on which he published valuable papers in the Geological Magazine. Geology, 321 In 1862, he presented a few invertebrates from Thornley Quarry, Chipping, including two figured specimens of Orthoceras. In 1864, he presented the type of Amphoracrinus hrevicalix (Geol. Mag., Jan., 1865), and in 1865, 50 specimens of Crinoids and Blastoids in ilhistration of liis ])aj)er published the same year. Crinoids figured and described in 1869 and 187.'j, together with other Carboniferous fossils, over 1500 in all, were presented by him two months before his death, after which the rest of his collection of Paleeozoic fossils was presented by his executors. Many of the Crinoids bear the marks of his study in the form of plates picked out with paint ; but there are no individual labels. Rowe (Arthur Walton) Presented Invertebrata from English Chalk, 1899. Rowley (Robert R.) Professor of G-eology at Louisiana, Mo., Mr. Rowley has published papers on Blastoidea in the Kansas City Scientist (1891), and in the American Geologist (1893-1902). In 1894 the Museum purchased from him 16 Blastoids from Louisiana, ranking in some cases as metatypes. Royal Society of London Presented its collection of "natural and artificial curiosities," 1781. Among these were the original specimen of Steneosaurus chapmani from the Whitby Lias, originally described by Chapman in Fhil. Trans., 1758 ; a Plesiosaur from the Lias of Elston, Newark, described by Stukeley in Phil. Trans., 1719 ; and a tooth ot Mastodon, desciibed in Grew's " Catalogue of Rarities in Gresham College," 1681. Ruflford (Philip James) [1852-1902] On coming to reside at Hastings, Rufford devoted himself to collecting fossils from the Wealden strata of the neighbourhood, especially at Ecclesbourne and Fairlight. Here he obtained a fine collection of Wealden plants, some of which were presented by him to the British Museum in 1885, whila others were purchased at nominal valuations m 1890, 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894, and 1898. These were described in Mr. A. C. Seward's "Catalogue of Wealden Plants," published by the Trustees in 1893, 1894, and 1895. Attached to many of the specimens were labels pointing out features of interest, and these greatly assisted the describer. Some of the above-mentioned purchases included various Wealden fossils, both vertebrate and invertebrate, among which should be mentioned the vertebra of Morosauriis hrevis figured by Mr. Lydekker (Quar^t. Journ. Geol. Soc, 1893), and a head of Lepidotus mantelli, figured in the "Catal. Foss. Fishes B. M.," Part iii. Other specimens were presented by Ruftbrd to the Brassey Institute, Hastings. Rutland (Duke of) Presented type-specimen of Plesiosaur us rugosus from the Lower Lias of Granby, 1840; a specimen of Stigmaria ficoides from Coal Measures near Nottingham, 1847. Saemann (Louis) [1821-1866] Having for about ten years served in the well-known establishment of Dr. Krantz at Bonn, Saemann in 1850 set up fur himself as a dealer in Paris. He published important papers on stratigraphical paheoutologv, especially of Mesozoic rocks. Among the nimierous important collections bought from Saemann between 1853 and 1870, mostly from the Mesozoic VOL. I. ^ 322 Geology. rocks of France, and including the Astier collection {q.o.), was a series of 160 Lower Carboniferous Crinoids and Blastoids from Burlington, Iowa, containing 70 species determined by James Hall of Albany, purchased in 1862. St. Petersburg, Imperial Academy of Sciences Piece of skin of Mammoth from Siberia, by exchange 1892. Salis (J. F. W. de) Presented skulls of Bos longifrons from Lough Gur, Limerick, 1865. Salmond (William) Presented Mammalian remains from Kirkdale Cave, 1823, 1837. Salter (John William) Presented Arenig fossils from Pembrokeshire, 1866. San Paulo Museum Fishes from Tertiary Lignite at Taubate, San Paulo, Brazil, by exchange 1898. Saull (William Devonshire) A merchant in the City of London, Saull accumulated at 15, Aldersgate Street a remarkable collection of fossils and antiquities, spoken of by Mantell as " his interesting museum, to which visitors are, with great liberality, admitted every Thursday at twelve" (" Geol. I. of W.," Ed. iii., p. 232; 1854). The owner himself personally conducted the visitors, and such was his zeal for popular education that he left the collection with all his money to a body of trustees so that it might be kept for the public. The trustees founded the Metropolitan Institution in Cleveland Street, Fitzroy Square, and transferred the collection thither, packed up in wine-hampers. In those hampers it remained, while the money was devoted to carrying on a school, which gradually became little more than a place of evening amusement for the young men and women employed at large shops in the neighbourhood. The collection proving a difficulty, the trustees decided to sell it, and were engaged in so doing in 1863, when Mr. John Calvert took the remaining seven van-loads off their hands. The British Museum had already selected— and paid for — such specimens as could be seen to be still of value in the lamentable state to which the collection had been reduced. Among the 200 fossils thus acquired were the sacrum of the Iguanodon and other specimens figured in Owen's "British Fossil Keptiles " (Pala?ontogr. Soc), also a large number of Invertebrata named and labelled by James Sowerby, and supposed to include some of the type-specimens of his " Mineral Conchology"; their identification, however, is doubtful. Savin (Alfred C.) Mr. Savin, a resident of Cromer, made a large collection of vertebrate lemains, chiefly mammalian, from the Forest Bed Series of the Korfolk Coast. The bones bear numbers in white paint, corresponding with the exact records of their discovery entered in Mr. Savin's MS. Catalogue. The collection is described by Mr. E. T. Newton in " Vertebrata of the Forest Bed Series" (1882) and "Vertebrata of the Pliocene Deposits of Britain" (1891), published by the Geological Survey. It also afforded material for description by Piols. Leith Adams and Ptay Lankester. The whole series of 1898 fossils was purchased by the Trustees in 1897. Geology. 323 Saxby (Stephen M.) W. H. Fitton says that " Mr. Saxby, of Mouotfield near Bonchuich (Isle of Wijiht) . . ., a zealous and judicious collector," lent him various specimens {Quart. Journ. Oeol. Soc, iii. Proc. p. 326*). One of these formed the type of Nautilus saxhii, Morris, 1848. A series of fossil Mollusca from the Isle of Wisht was purchased of Saxby in 1865, and included that type-specimen (47,019). Further references to his collec- tions from the neijihbourhood of B jnchurch are made by Mantell (" Geol. Isle of Wight," 1854), who gives his address as ]>ellevue House, Ventnor. Schomburgk (Sir Robert Hermann) [1804-1865] In 1830 Schomburgk went to the West Indies and spent ten years in important geographical researches. In 1841 he was a member of the Boundary Commission for British Guiana. During these expeditions he collected many Tertiary fossils, which he presented to the, ]\[useum in 1852. Other specimens collected by him were received from the Museum of Practical Geology in 1880. Scott (Robert Henry) Presented Tertiary leaves collected by Edward Whvmper in Green- land, 1869. Scott (William Berryman) Arranged purchase of Mammalian remains from the White Ptiver Formation, Dakota, 1896. Seeley (Harry Govier) With the aid of a Government Grant, Prof. Seeley visited Cape Colony in 1889 to collect fossil Reptilia from the Karoo Formation. He obtained numerous important specimens, including skeletons of Fariasanrus haini, P. homhidens, Cynognathus crateronotus, and remains of other genera and species, described by himself (Phil. Trans., Quart. Journ. Geol. /Soc, and Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.). These fossils were received as a donation through the Council of the lloyal Society at various dates from 1892 onwards. Sharp (Samuel) [1814-1882] While a boy at Stamford, Lincolnshire, Sharp studied the Oolitic rocks around his house with Prof. J. Moms and other geologists, and made a large and valuable collection of fossils. In 1857 he moved to Daliinuton Hall, near Northampton, where he continued to collect from the Jurassic rocks, availing himself of the numerous excavations then being carried on for raising the iron ore of the Northampton Sand. The <.'.eneral results of his observations were published by the Geological Society of Lou'lou {Quart. Journ., xxvi. p. 354, 1870 ; and xxix. p. 225, 1873). Sharp's collection was also utilised by J. Morris in his " Cat;ih)gue of British Fossils," and in Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, ix., Proc. p. 317. Sharp placed many of his geological specimens in the Northampton Museum, of which he was a founder ; but a selection of over 1500 of the better specimens, especially those illustrating the papers just mentioned, was purchased for the British Museum in 1876. The specimens, which are carefully labelled in a bold upright hand, comprise invertebrates of all clasess, from the Oolitic and Liassic series of Northamptonshire, Lincoln- shire, and Rutland, reptiles from the same rocks, and mumm.ils from the Forest-bed and Drift of the eastern counties. The fiiiured and described Si3ecimens include an incrusted Chara (Geol. Mag., 1868), the types of 324 Geology, Stellaster sharpi and Astropecten cotteswoldix var stam/ordensis, and another A. cotttswoldix, all tigured by T. Wright (Pala^ontogr. Soc), also the type of Penxus sharpi, H. Woodward {Rep. Brit. Assoc, for 1868) from the Lower Lias, Northampton. The rest of the Sharp collection was acquired by the Mason College, Birmingham, and is now in the museum of the University : in addition to Jurassic fossils, it contains an excellent stratigraphical series, from the Cambrian to Recent. Sharpe (Daniel) Presented Pleistocene Mammalian remains from Erith and Grays, 1850. Shelburne {Earl of) Presented remains of Mastodon americanus and a molar of Mastodon humboldti, 1767. Sherbom (Charles Davies) Collected London Clay Foraminifera, purchased 1886 ; English Chalk fossils, presented 1899. Shockley (W. H.) Presented Upper Carboniferous Invertebrata from Shansi, China, 1898. Shrubsole (George William) [1827-1893] Resident in Chester from 1853 until his death, Shrubsole was a geologist and archaeologist with many interests, but made a special study of the Palseozoic Polyzoa, and collected an important series of these fossils, notably from the Bala and Carboniferous Limestones of North AVales, the Wenlock Limestone of Dudley, and Magnesian Limestone of Northumberland. He published several papers on the subject (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1879-1882), and his collection was presented to the British Museum by his son, Mr. George Shrubsole, in 1896. Mapy Ordovician fossils from the Glyn Ceiriog district were presented by him to the museum of the Chester Society of Natural Science, of which he was a founder. Shrubsole (William Hobbs) Resided for many years at Sheerness and collected fossils from the London Clay cf Sheppey. Discovered skull of Argillornis longipennis, purchased 1880; skull of Chelone gigas, purchased 1880; Diatoms, presented 1881 ; and Prophaethon shruhsolei, purchased 1898. Sikora (F.) [ -1902] Mr. Sikora was a skilled collector and obtained many important bones of extinct Lemuroids and other vertebrates from the caverns of Madagascar. Some of these were purchased from him in 1900 by the British Museum, others by the Vienna Museum. The former have been and are being described by Dr. Forsyth Major, the latter by Dr. Lorenz Simmons (Jeremiah) An expert collector of Chalk fossils, from whom many specimens were purchased. He prepared the unique group of Ortaster hulbiferus, pur- chased 1873. Simonson (A.) Mr. Simonson collected remains of Tremataspis, Auchenaspis, and other Ostracoderms, in the Upper Silurian of Oesel, an island in the Baltic. Geology. 325 A small selection of specimens was purchased from him in 1804, and a Tremataspis from his collection was subsequently purchased through Dr. Krantz. Singley (J. A.) Collected Tertiary and Cretaceous MoUusca from Galveston, Texas, purchased 1897. Slatter (Ann Taylor) Miss Slatter was sister to T. J. Slatter {q.v.) of Evesham. Having been attracted by numerous fossil corals scattered over the surface of a ploughed field at Fairford, Gloucestershire, she not only collected these, but subsequently obtained beautiful specimens from excavations made for the purpose in the underlyinii bed, which was at the base of the Cotn- brash. She gave many of her specimens to Mr. Brown of Cirencester, who lent them, among others, to P. Martin Duncan for description. Miss Slatter's own specimens were examined, and some of them described, by Mr. R. F. Tomes, notably the type of Bathycoinia slatter i (Quart. Journ. OeoJ. Soc, 1883 and 1885). In 1899 the Trustees purchased from Miss Slatter 695 corals including several of the described specimens, and about 100 other Oolitic Invertebrata. Slatter (Thomas James) [1834-1895] While serving as clerk and manager in various branches of the Gloucestershire Bank, Slatter studied the geology of the county, and made a large collection, chiefly of Jurassic fossils, which were carefully labelled in his own small and neat handwriting. On his retirement, he settled with his collection at Evesham. Many of the corals collected by himself and his sister Anne (q.v.) were studied by 11. F. Tomes. Nearly 5000 specimens selected from this collection were ])urchased by the Museum from Slatter's executor in 1896. In the selection was included a fine antler of reindeer from the river-gravels near Evesham. Slimon (Robert) Collected Upper Silurian Crustacea from Lanarkshire, purchased 1878. Sloane (Sir Hans) [1660-1753] In this place, it is only necessary to recollect the facts that among Sloane's collections of natural history objects, were those he made in Jamaica, 1687-88, and the valuable cabinets of William Courten acquired by Sloane on the latter's death in 1702. A general account of Sloane's collection as it existed at Chelsea is given in the Genthman^s Magazine, 1748 (pp. 301-302). The collection, as purchased by the nation in 1763 included many "extraneous fossils, comprehending petrified bodies, as trees, or parts ot them, herbaceous jilants, animal substances," etc., describ'^d as being a collection " the most extensive and most curious that ever was seen of its kind." In " The General Contents of the British Museum," Ed. i., 1761 ; ii., 1762, we fitid the following fossils mentioned : Helmintholithi [corals], Cochlites, Ammonit^e, Ostracites, Anomia? [ Brachiopods], Conchites, Pectiuites, P]chinites, Belemnites, Asteri.T, Trochites and Entrochi, Ichthyolithi, Zoolithi [Mammal bones], Pliyto- lithi. The collection was of a very miscellaneous character, and com- prised common fossils not only from Britain, but also from abroad. Each specimen bore a register-number, written in ink on a square ticket of white paper, and was entered in a MS. Catalo'jjne, which is preserved in the Library of the Department of Geology. Two bits of petrified wood. 326 Geology. and 84 invertebrate fossils from the collection can still be identified with certainty, about a dozen others being less certain; further, seveial fish- remains bear the Sloane labels ; and a few Mammalian fragments are still duly marked. No. 528 is noteworthy as "An Echinites from Agostino Scilla's Collection " : Scilla's book was published at Naples in 1670, and a Latin translation at Rome in 1724. Slone {Mrs. E.) Cheirotherian footprints from Trias of Cheshire, purchased 1848. Smith (George) Presented Glossopteris from Natal, 1876. Smith {Mrs. M. H.) This lady, who lived at Mayo House, Tunbridge Wells, not only purchased valuable specimens from quarrymen and collectors, but col- lected herself, especially from the Chalk, and worked with the microscope until prevented by blindness. She presented fossils to Mautell and the Brighton Museum, and a few to the Biitish Museum ; and her collection was utilised by F. Dixon in his " Geology of Sussex." A MS. " Catalogue of Fossil Organic Remains" in her cabinet, compiled and illustrated by S. P. Woodward, with other drawings by W. H. Bensted, G. A, Mantell, and J. Delve>^, is preserved in the Library of the Geological Department. On Mrs. Smith's death the collection passed to her daughter, Mrs. Bishop of Bramcote, near Nottingham. She also died before long, and in 1878 the greater part of the collection was sold to the British Museum by the second Mrs. Bishop. It consisted of 248 complete specimens and about 130 fragments, and included the type-specimen of DoUchosaurus longi- co/^ts, Owen, with specimens oi Pterodactylus conirostris, FolyptycJiodou interruptus, Flesiosanrus, and Chelonians, all figured by Owen in either the first or second edition of Dixon's book, and in his " Reptilia of the Cretaceous Formations" ( Palffiontogr. Soc, 1851); type-specimens of Saiirocephalus Janciformis^ Agass., Pacliyrhizodus basalis, Dixon, with a .specimen of Edaphodon manfelU also figured in the same woik ; fine specimens of Enoplocytia Jeachi and E. sussescensis, some figured ; Greasier coronatus, Goniaster regidaris, and the type of G. smithisey figured by Forbes in Dixon. A cabinet of small Chalk fossils from Mrs. Smith's collection was bequeathed by Mr. Bishop, who died in 1877, to the then proposed Nottingham Musemii, while a small collection, arranged by his first wife, was retained by his widow. Mrs. Bishop, who subsequently moved to Watfoi'd (Herts), presented the Museum with the above-mentioned catalogue in 1892. Smith (P. J.) Palaeozoic fossils from Tasmania, purchased 1880. Smith (Toulmin) Smith, who lived at Highgate, devoted many years to the investiga- tion of the British Cretaceous sponges, especially those known as Ventriculites, on which he published papers in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History, in 1848. His collection, purchased from his widow in 1869, included no less than 1060 specimens of such sponges, com- prising those described by him. It also contained some shells from the London Clay of Highgate and reptilian and fish remains from the Chalk, the latter including the jaws figured by him {London Geol. Journ., p. 22) and subseQuently referred to Fachyrhizodus gardneri. In the same Geology. 327 year, Miss Toulmin Smith presented a scrap-book containing figures and diagnoses of the VentriculitidiB of the Chalk, partly from Toulmiii Smith's papers, partly in MS. Smith h^d previously presented a col- lection of Cretaceous sponges to the Manchester Museum. Smith (William) [1769-1839] The "Father of English Geology" made a collection of fossils to illustrate his " Strata Identified " and other works. It was purchased in 1816. Sommerring (Samuel Thomas von) [1755-1830] This eminent anatomist made, from the Lithographic Stone of Bavaria a small collection of fossils, which was purchased in 1827. It included the type-specimens of Lacerta gigantea {Geosaurus, Cuvier) and Crocodilus priscus {Aeolodon, Meyer) described by Sommerring himself. South Australian Geological Survey Presented South Australian fossils, 1886, 1887. South Australian Museum Presented Marsupial remains from x\ustralia, 1861. Sowerby (James) [1757-1822] Well known for his work in many branches of Natural History, Sowerby set an enduring mark on British PaUeontology by the publica- tion of "The Mineral Conchology of Creat Britain," whicii appeared in parts from 1812 to 1846, being carried on after Sowerby's death by hi& son and fellow- worker, James de Carle Sowerby, with some assistance from George Brettingham Sowerby the first, and J. W. Salter. James Sowerby himself presented various Secondary fossils from France in 1821, but the "Sowerbv Collection" was purchased of J. de C. Sowerby in 1860. It consisted of about 5000 fossils from all parts of England and of every geological age, and included the majority of the specimens figured in the" " Mineral Conchology." These latter were marked by circular paper tickets of a dull bluish-green tint and 7 ' 2 mm. in diameter. The Sowerby Collection, as then received, contained specimens from many older collections, the most noticeable of which were those of Jas. Parkinson, Wm. Martin, and the Rev. George Cookson Qi'i-v.). The remainder of the specimens figured in the "Mineral Conchology" were in various collections and some can no longer be traced. A good pro- portion of them have, however, since found their way to the British Museum in the collections of J. S. Bowerbank, P. B. Brodie, F. Dixon, F. E. Edwards, W. Gilbertson (including that of Alex. Moore), G. A. Mantell, S. Y. Wood, and N. T. Wetherell {qq.v.). Sowerby (George Brettingham, the First) [1780-1854] The second son of James Sowerby {q.v.) assisted his father ami brother in the preparation of the " Mineral Conchology," and was one ot the conductors of the Zoological Journal, to which he contributed descriptions of Blastoids in the collection of Wm. Gilbertson (q.v.). Sowerby (James de Carle. Son of James Sowerby (q^v.) )^ Spearing (H.) Presented jaws of Rodent ia from New South Wales, 1897. Spencer (E.) The type-skull of Crocodilus sqienceri, purchased 1846. 328 Geology. Spratt {Vice-Admiral Thomas A. B.) [1811-1888] While surveying in the Mediterranean, Spratt made geological obser- Tations on many of the little-known coasts, partly in association with Prof. Edward Forbes. He forwarded some small donations of fossils to the Museum at different times, until in 1878 he presented an important collection of remains of pigmy elephants and hippopotamus, with a tew bones of birds and land tortoises, irom the Zebhug Caves, Malta. The remains of elephants in this collection were described by G. Busk (Traom. Zool. Soc, vol. vi.); the Chelonia by Leith Adams {Quart Journ. Oeol. Soc, 1866); and the birds by Mr. Lydekker (Froc. ZooL >S'oc., 1890, and " Catalogue of Fossil Birds in the British Museum," 1891). Springer {Hon. Frank) [1848- ] Associated with C. Wachsmuth {q^h) in the formation of a large collection of Crinoidea at Burlington, Iowa, and in the production of important works on their structure and classification, Mr. Springer, who is now a leading barrister in New Mexico, has, since the death of his colleague, continued to publish jiapers, notably *' Uintacrinus ; its Structure and llelations" (190]). Remarkable specimens illustrating tijis memoir were presented by Mr. Springer in 1900. Spurrell (Flaxman) Dr. Flaxman Spurrell and his son, Mr. Flaxman C. J. Spurrell, of Belvedere, made an extensive collection of Pleistocene Mammalia from Thames deposits at Crayford, Kent. Some of the specimens were described or noticed by Falconer, Dawkiiis, and Sanford. The greater part of the collection, comprising the skull of Fells ho and numerous other important specimens, was presented to the Museum by Mr. F. C. J. Spurrell in 1893. Mr. F. C. J. Spurrell's own collection of implements and bones Irom a Pala3olithic floor, described in tlie Quarterly Journal oi the Geological Society (1880), was presented by him to the Department of Geology in 1895. Spurrell (Flaxman C. J.) See Spurrell, Flaxman. Squires {Mrs.) Dried neck and legs of Dinornis didinus from a fissure in New Zealand, purchased 1882. Stanhope {Lady Esther) Collected and presented Cretaceous Fishes from the Lebanon, 1817. Stanley {Lord) Presented Australian PalaBozoic Brachiopoda collected by Dr. Jeunneret, 1846. Stephens (Darell) Discovered type-specimen of Steneosaurus stephani in Cornbrash of orset, purchased 1878. Stephens (T.) Presented remains of Glossopteris Flora from Tasmania, 1898. Geology. 329 Sternberg (C. H.) A well-known collector of Kansas Chalk fossils, from whom were purchased specimens of Flatecarjpus, CUdasteSj Tylosaurus, and b'ishes in 1900. Stirling (Edward Charles) Discovered limb-bones of Genymmis newtoni from Mulligan Springs, South Australia, obtained by exchange 18137. Stobart (W. C.) Presented counterpart of type-specimen of Lepidotosaunis duffi, from the Magnesian Limestone of Durham, 1886. Stock (ThOxMas) A collector of fossils, from whom %vere purchased Coal-plants from the Forest of Dean (1893), and Crinoids from the Carboniferous Limestone of Alveston, Bristol (1894). Stoddart (David A.) Presented Mammalian remains from the Pampa Formation of Uruguay, 1865. Stokes (Charles) [1783-1853] " A respected member of the [London] Stock Exchange, full of vast research in the Natural History Sciences, and remarkable for literary and antiquarian, musical and artistic knowledge," Mr. Stokes, while assiduously engaged in business, devoted his means and leisure to the advancement of science. " He collected rare and interesting specimens at any cost," says Edward Forbes, " not for their own sakes, but to place at the disposal of any competent person." Among those who acknowledged such help were Murchison, J. S. Miller {Nat. Hist. Crinoidea), A. Brong- niart, and James Parkinson. Trilobites and zoophytes were among his favourite subjects. In the Transactions of the Geological Society (ser. 2, vol. v., 1837), he published a paper on the petrifaction of wood, and another on "Some species of Orthocerata'' (1840). On January 15th, 1823, he presented to the Museum "two specimens of Entomolithes in Shistus from France," and in 1827, several varieties of agatised wood. His collection, purchased from his executors in 1854, in addition to corals and other invertebrates, comprised an extensive series of Orthocerata, chiefly from North America, including the type-specimens figured by himself (op. cit.) and by J. J. Bigsby (1824). Many of his specimens are in the Museum of the Geological Society, and others in the Museum of Practical Geology, from which some foreign Jurassic Ammonites collected by him were transferred in 188iJ. His fossil fishes, mentioned by Agassiz, came to the Museum in the Enniskillen and Egerton collections. Strachey {Sir Richard) [1817- ] When a captain in the Bengal Engineers in the years 1848-49, Sir Richard Strachey was employed" by the Indian Government in scientific researches of a miscellaneous nature in the Northern Himalayas. He read before the Geological Society a paper " On the Geology of part of the Himalaya Mountains^ and Tibet" {Qtiart. Journ., 1851). The Silurian, Carboniferous, Triassic, and Jurassic fossils mentioned therein, were developed by him, mounted on tablets, and presented to the Museum of Practical Geology, where they were described by J. W. Salter and H. F. Blanford in a pamphlet entitled, " Paleontology of Niti, etc reprinted 330 Geology, with slight correction for private circulation from Colonel E. Strachey's forthcoming work on the physical geography of the Northern Himalaya," Calcutta, 1865. The complete work, however, never appeared. The specimens were transferred to the British Museum in 1880; they are accompanied by the old label of the Geological Survey, and many of them bear the collector's number, written on the stone in ink. Strzelecki (Paul Edmund de, Count) [1796-1873] Strzelecki was a German traveller, who during twelve years explored or visited both North and South America, part of the West Indies, the South Sea Islands, Tasmania, the Javanese Islands, part of China and the East Indies, and Egypt. In 1839, he discovered the existence of gold in the Australian colonies, and is best known by his " Physical Description of New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land," 1845, in which many fossils chiefly of Perrno-Carboniferous age were described. He sold his collection of 135 fossils from New South Wales, including those described in his book, to Prof. John Morris, from whom it was bought by the Trustees in 1859. Two of the figured specimens of Si^henopteris are, however, in the Museum of the Geological Society. Sturtz (Bernhard) This well-known dealer in minerals and fossils at Bonn, made a special collection of Lower Devonian star-fishes from Bundenbach in connection with his researches published in Palceontographica (1886, 1890). The original collection of 112 specimens was purchased by the Museum from Mr. Stiirtz in 1891, while small additions, similarly acquired in lb93 and lUOO, illustrate his subsequent papers (VerhandL rtcd. Ver. Preuss. Rheinland, 1., Ivi.). Each specimen bears a detailed label in Mr. Stiirtz's handwriting, with his name printed on it. Sutherland (Peter C.) In 1850-51, II.M.SS. Lady Franklin and >S'o2)Am, under the command of Wilham Penny, voyaged to Baffin Bay and Barrow Straits in search of the missing crews of H.M.SS. Erebvs and Terror, i.e., the Sir John Franklin expedition. Sutherland was surgeon to the expedition. The fossils he collected, with others belonging to Captain Ommanney, Mr. Pickthorne, and Mr. Donnett, were described by J. W. Salter in an appendix to Sutherland's account of the voyage (Vol. ii., pp. ccxvii- ccxxxiii). Sutherland's collection was transferred from the Museum of Practical Geology in 1878. Styan (F. AV.) Presented Crinoidal limestone from Szechuen, China, 1899. SurgeonSj Royal College of Presented ])laster casts of bones of Megatherium to complete model of skeleton, 1834. Sweet (George) Discovered and presented a specimen of Belonostomiis sweeti from the Cretaceous of Queensland, 1895. Swindon Brick and Tile Company Presented Omosaurus arrnatus Irom the Kimmeridge Clay of Swindon, 1874. Geology. 331 Swinhoe (Robert) Teeth of Pliocene Mammalia from a cavern near Ching-King-Foo, China, purchased 1870. Sykes {Lieut. -Col.) Presented Tertiary MoUusca from India, 1857. Szajnocha (L.) Presented Devonian and Silurian fossils from Galicia, 1888. Tabor {Mrs. H.) Tertiary Polyzoa from New Zealand, purchased 1894. Tate (George) Presented English Carboniferous and Permian Brachiopoda, 1852. Taylor (Henry William) Taylor was, says E. Forbes, " well-known for his fine collection of Chalk fossils, which he spared neither time nor expense to bring together." In 1854, the Museum purchased from his executors many very choice fossils, chiefly star-fishes, sea-urchins, crustaceans, and fishes. Taylor (James) Presented remains of Stagonolepis from Trias of Elgin, 1859. Taylor (J. W.) Presented Tertiary leaves from Disco, Greenland, 1863. Tennant (James) A lecturer on Geology and Mineralogy and a dealer from whom many specimens were purchased. An extensive selection from his private collection of English fossils was purchased from his executors in 1881-82. Tesson Resident in Caen, Tesson, who was a friend of the Deslongchamps and other geologists, made a fine collection chiefly from the Jurassic rocks of Normandy, but including specimens from other horizons and localities. A few molluscs were acquired from Tesson in 1855, but the main collec- tion was purchased by the Trustees in 1857. It contained the type- specimens of Ammonites tessonkmus, d'Orbigny (Paleontologie Franfaise, 1842) and Teudopsis hunelii, Deslongchamps (Mem. Soc. Linn. Nor- mandie, 1835), some brachiopods referred to by Davidson, and unique remains of Teleosaurus and FeJagomurus described by Deslongchamps. Thomas (Ethel A.) Presented the W. F. Jennings' Collection of miscellaneous English fossil Invertebrata, 1892. Thompson (D'Arcy Wentworth) Presented a paper model of Pterichthys made by Hugh Miller, 1898. Thomson (A. M.) Presented Marsupial and Rodent remains from the Wellington Caves, New South Wales, 1870. Thomson (James) Presented polished sections of Carboniferous Corals, 1871. 332 Geology. Thorbum (R. M.) Presented Post-Pliocene Mollusca from Uddevalla, Sweden, 1888. Thomhill (B. Clarke) Presented two Tertiary Brachyurous Crustacea from Akita, N, Japan, 1891. Thornton (George) Presented slab of Petworth marble, 1841. Tomes (Robert F.) Presented English Jurassic Corals, 1885; Calci-sponges from the Inferior Oolite, 1894. Tomkins (H. G.) Discovered a remarkable Coral, Am^yhxus, from the Carboniferous Lim.estone of Weston, purchased 1892. Touche (Tom Digues la) Presented Nummulitic Limestone from Singhe La, Himalaya, 1897. Townsend {Mrs.) Presented a Dinosaurian ischium from the Stonesfield Slate, 1851. Traquair (Ramsay Heatley) Presented plates of Asterolepis maxima from the L^pper Old Eed Sandstone of JNairn, 1894. Trevelyan {Sir John) Agassiz, in " Piecherches sur les Poissons Fossiles," writes, " a Wallington, le musee de Sir John 'i'revelyan m'a paru tres remarquable ; il contient surtout une collection magnifique de coquilles et d'echinodermes." The Museum was inherited by his son. Sir Walter Calverley Trevelyan {q.v.), but it is interesting to note here that a lower molar of Elephas 2)rimigenius from St. Audrie's, Somersetshire, mentioned by Sir John in a note to Dean Buckland (Five. Geol. Soc, 1842), was presented by Mr. Si:)encer George Perceval in 1902. Trevelyan {Sir Walter Calverley) [1797-1879] The son of Sir John Trevelyan, the fifth baronet, of Nettlecorabe, Somersetshire, and Wallington, Northumberland, Trevelyan early turned to geology, and the Ceological Society published papers by him from 1829 to 1846. In the latter year, he succeeded to the title and to his father's museum at Wallington, w^hich he extended. It contained "a good series of British and Italian fossils, valuable collections. of minerals and recent shells, a good series of Ethnological specimens, together \vith a general Natural History collection of objects, most of which he had himself obtained during his travels." He bequeathed to the British Museum a valuable series of fossils comjDrising: a type-specimen of Amblypterus nemopterus, Agassiz ("Poissons Fossiles") and other fish remains of Carboniferous age ; specimens of Cephalasjns JyeJli from Forfarshire; a large series of vertebrate remains from Kent's Hole, Torquay ; coal-plants from Burdie House ; various invertebrata from the Carboniferous and Magnesian Limestones; and Miocene shells from Italy. Other museums that benefited by his liberality in the matter of fossils were the Museum of Practical Geology and the Oxford Museum. Geology. 33iJ A part of his collection was inherited by his nephew, Mr. Spencer George Perceval. Tristram (Henry Baker) Collected Cretaceous fishes from the Lebanon, purchased 1865. Tryon (Henry) Presented nodules containing Fishes from Glacial Clay, Biudaleu,. Norway, 1887. Turner {Mrs. E.) Presented fossil Corals from Antigua, 1891. Turner {Major Harlowe) Presented a FJesiosaurus from the Lower Lias of Bennington, 1880. Ulrich (Edward O.) Mr. Ulrich, of Newport, Ky., is well known for his writings on the American Palaeozoic Polyzoa pubhshed in the Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History (1879-1890), in the American Geologist, in the eighth volume of the Geological Survey of Illinois (1890), and especially in the Beport of the Geological Survey of Minnesota (1886 and 1895). In 1898 the Trustees purchased from him 370 specimens of American Palaeozoic Polvzoa, representing 720 species and varieties, and named by Mr. Ulrich, followed in 1899 by 38 specimens and 500 micro- scope-slides prepared from the same fossils. United Service Museum Skull of Elephas namadicus from the Pleistocene of the Narbada Valley, India, purchased 1860. U. S. National Museum Skull of Castoroides ohioensis from the Pleistocene of Illinois, by exchange 1899. Upton (W. J.) The tvpe-skeleton of Dinornis parvus from New Zealand, purchased 1880. Van Breda (Jacob Gigsbertus Samuel) [1788-1867] The collection of Prof. Van Breda, of Leyden, was catalogued in a small pamphlet "Apercu General de la Collection Paleontologique Van Breda," and comprised about 1900 fossils from the Miocene of Oeningen, the Upper Cretaceous of Maastricht, and the Lithographic Stone of Bavaria. Some of the Fishes from Oeningen and Bavaria, and Chelonia from Oeningen and Maastricht, were described in memoirs by Dr. T. C. Winkler. Three Pterodactyls were described by H. von Meyer. The remains of Mosasaurus and Turtles from Maastricht, many collected by Van Breda's father-in-law, Peter Camper, are specially valuable. The whole collection was purchased by the British Museum from Prof. Van Breda's executors in 1871. Verbeek (R. D. M.) Presented fossil Fishes from Tertiary Lignite at Padang, Sumatra^ 1876. 334 Geology. Vicary (William) Presented a slab of Devonian Crinoidal limestone from Newton Bushell, 1881 ; Greensand fossils from Blackdown, 1884. Vine (George Robert) [ -1893] Vine, of Shrffield, contributed Reports on Fossil Polyzoa to the British Association (1880-84 and 1890-92), and several papers on the same subject to the Geological Society (Quart. Journ., 1882-90), and the Yorkshire Geological Society (Proc, 1889-92). His collection of 1695 s])ecimens, mounted and labelled by himself and referred to in these writings, was purchased from him by the British Museum in 1893. Other specimens described by Vine were acquired in the collection of T. Jesson (q.v.). Wachsmuth (Charles) [1829-1896] Wachsmuth collected crinoids and other fossils from the Lower Carboniferous limestone near Burlington, Iowa. At the invitation of Agassiz, he visited Cambridge, Mass., in 1865, and then proce 1862-64 1867-> 1875-77 1878-80 In 1857 the Trustees were enabled to bring the unsatis- factory state of affairs to an end. In that year new arrangements Minerals. 347 were made according to which the minerals were Ukewise allo- cated to a special department ; and in August of the same year Mr. M. H. N. Story-Maskelyne, Professor of Mineralogy at the University of Oxford, was appointed keeper. It was impossible for the Trustees to provide him at once with much assi-stance, scientific or general. The first appointment was that of Mr. T, Davies, who was made attendant in the following February ; the duties corresponding to that grade are not scientific. Although Mr. Davies, who was then in his twenty-first year, had had few educational opportunities, and was entirely ignorant of mineralogy, he had a remarkable capacity for the recognition and remembrance of the minute details of specimens, and his natural talents and his usefulness, especially at that stage of development of the mineral collection, became so manifest that in 1862 he was promoted to the scientific grade of assistant. Trained up under Mr. Maskelyne, he became a valued colleague, and gave important help in the qualitative section of the departmental work until his death in 1892, twelve years after Mr. Maskelyne had retired. Before 1857 little importance had been assigned to the statement of localities of specimens, and there were scarcely any locality-labels with the exhibited portion of the Collection ; there were no labels at all with the unexhibited specimens, many thousands in number. The latter were preserved in drawers in the Gallery and Basement of the Museum and were entirely unarranged. In the course of several years, Mr. Maskelyne, aided solely by Mr. Davies, was able to furnish locality-labels from the documents contained in the archives of the department ; further, he examined, sorted and arranged into species all the unexhibited specimens, at the same time setting aside the dupli- cates for future disposal. The ends of many of the cabinets were altered, glazed and fitted, thus making it possible to exhibit those mineral specimens which are too large to be placed in the table-tops. During the keepership of Mr. Maskelyne, the Mineral Collec- tion was completely re-arranged, the classification adopted being the crystallo-chemical system published by Prof. Gustav Rose of Berlin in 1852, instead of the purely chemical system as amended in 1847 by Prof. J. J. Berzelius and Prof. C. F. Rammelsberg, which had been on the point of being adopted by Mr. Konig in 1850. In addition to two large private collections, the Allan- Greg and Koksharov, numerous isolated specimens were acquired 348 Minerals, by purchase, presentation or exchange, and incorporated with the systematic collection; special attention being given to the improvement of the series of Meteorites, which was separated by Mr. Maskelyne from the systematic mineral collection itself in 1863-64, and arranged in two small special wall-cases. In 1857 the Museum was in no way equipped for the making of scientific research on minerals, so necessary for their accurate discrimination ; there was virtually no physical apparatus, and there was no chemical laboratory at all; further, the necessity of avoiding any risk of the destruction of the Museum by fire made it impossible to allow the use of gas and to fit up laboratories, or even use a blowpipe, within the building. Yet, as early as 1861, a microscope with a revolving graduated stage and an eye-piece micrometer was constructed, under the keeper's directions, for the examination of thin sections of meteorites with the aid of polarised light ; and a reflective goniometer, provided with a telescope, was specially designed for the depart- ment for use in the measurement of crystals. "With these instrumental aids the beginning at least of research became possible; though at a heavy cost to Mr. Maskelyne, his eyes being soon permanently injured through the strain rendered necessary by the weakness of the available illumination. For short periods of time, Dr. V. von Lang (1862-64), now Professor of Physics in the University of Vienna, Mr. W. J. Lewis (1875-77), now Professor of Mineralogy in the University of Cambridge, and Mr. L. Fletcher (1878-80), served as assistants during Mr. Maskelyne's keepership, and gave help more especially in the crystallographic examination and in the registration of the specimens. Further, in 1867, a departmental chemical laboratory was fitted up in a private house outside the Museum precincts, and Dr. W. Flight was appointed assistant ; during his tenure of office he gave much help in the chemical analysis of the speci- mens, but his position of isolation in an outside laboratory had the great disadvantage of preventing his close association with the general departmental work. The provision of a chemical laboratory, however, made it possible to submit specimens to a more critical examination than previously. All the time of the departmental staff which could be spared from administrative work was devoted to chemical, goniometrical or microscopical research on the specimens. Minerals, 349 1880-1903. Keeper of Minerals. Lazarus Fletcher, M.A., P.R.S. . . . 1880— > Assistants. Walter Flight, D.Sc, F.R.S ->1885 Thomas Davies — >1892 Henry Maurice Platnauer, B.Sc* . . 1880-83 Henry Alexander Miers, M.A., F.R.S. f • • 1882-95 George Thurland Prior, M.A 1887-> Leonard James Spencer, M.A. . . . 1894— > George Frederick Herbert Smith, M.A. . . 1897-> After Mr. Maskelyne had retired from office, a step rendered necessary by his candidature for the House of Commons, Mr. Fletcher was promoted to the vacant keepership in June, 1880. In the following month he was called upon to remove the Minerals from Bloomsbury to South Kensington, and to rearrange them in the new Natural History Museum. Some idea of the nature of this task may be formed if it be pointed out that the cabinets of the table-cases at Bloomsbury were to be made use of in the new Gallery, but that the glazed table-tops were to be left behind ; that the new table-tops were then lying on the gallery-floor at South Kensington, and had as yet no supports ; that differences of illumination of the old and new Galleries, and differences of construction of the cabinets, made it necessary that the relative positions of the cabinets in the Gallery at South Kensington should be completely different from the relative positions in the Gallery at Bloomsbury ; that every cabinet had for some time to be turned upside down during the process of being fitted to the new floor ; that many of them had to be cut in two because of the interference of the structural columns of the Gallery, and new mahogany ends had afterwards to be made and fitted to them. Such a series of operations involves great practical difficulties when the specimens to be removed and arranged are numerous, fragile, and require to be cautiously handled, or are small portable, and of great intrinsic value, and must be kept under lock and key. The transfer of the specimens and the fitting of the cabinets to the floor having been accomplished, the exhibited portion of the systematic collection was increased by the addition of specimens selected from the reserve series in the drawers; the * Curator of the York Museum. t Professor of Mineralogy at the University of Oxford. 350 Minerals, space available for the exhibition of specimens belonging to the systematic collection being one-fourth larger than before. Afterwards, Mr. Fletcher conceived the idea of providing both the ordinary visitor and the scientific student with the means of acquiring a systematic knowledge of the contents of the Mineral Gallery. AVith this end in view, he selected, in the first place, a series of specimens to serve as an introduction to the study of Meteorites, and prepared a corresponding guide-book (1881).* This introduction having been found of great service to the public, he continued the work, and by 1884 and 1895, similar series of specimens elaborately labelled, and similar guide-books, constituting introductions to the study of Minerals and Rocks respectively, were completed f ; these specimens are arranged in the ten window-cases provided in the year 1883 for the northern side of the Gallery. When the Collection was at Bloomsbury, all the labels were hand-written, and mostly of a temporary character ; in the course of the re-arrangement at South Kensington printed labels have been designed and furnished for all parts of the collec- tion, namely species-labels, locality-labels, pseudomorph-labels, and labels for the large specimens and introductory series. There are now nearly 17,000 printed labels exhibited in the Gallery. All the vertical glazed fronts of the table-cases, formerly fixed, were in 1881 made removable, and the ends of the cases have been provided with new fittings. Fittings have likewise been made for the wall-cases, which have themselves been provided since 1880, and specimens have been selected and mounted for exhibition therein. One of the wall-cases now contains a beautiful series of polished slabs of Ornamental Stones ; most of the others contain large specimens of minerals and rocks, specially selected and mounted. At Bloomsbury no space was available for the exhibition of rock-specimens ; an elaborately labelled series of typical rock- specimens has now been arranged in the eleven window-cases on the southern side of the Gallery. The Pseudomorphs, at one time arranged in six of these cases, have been transferred to three additional table-cases provided for * Introduction to the Study of Meteorites, with a List of the Meteorites represented in the Collection. 6^. t Introduction to the Study of Minerals, with a Guide to the Mineral Gallery. 6d. Inf,roduction to the Study of Rocks. 6d. Minerals, 351 the Pavilion, at the eastern end of the Gallery ; the Isolated Crystals and Crystal Models, at one time in some of the window- cases, have been transferred to two wall-cases at the western end of the Gallery. Since 1880, the selection, registration, incorporation, labelling and arrangement of the specimens, and the formation and cata- loguing of the Departmental Library, have made great demands on the staff of the Department, but time has been nevertheless found for research on the specimens. For this purpose the Department has been gradually equipped with an excellent set of the most modern apparatus necessary for the physical and goniometrical investigation of minerals, and good illumination has been provided for use with the instruments ; the chemical laboratory is no longer isolated from the Museum, but has been fitted up in the building itself. As the purchase of entire systematic collections of minerals generally involves the acquisition of many duplicate and inferior specimens, only few such collections have been acquired by the Trustees ; of these the more important have been the Hatchett and the Cracherode Collections (1799), the Greville Collection (1810), the Monticelli Collection (1823), the Allan-Greg Collection (I860), and the Koksharov Collection (1865). Most of the mineral specimens in the Museum Collection have been singly selected, each on its own merits, after direct com- parison with specimens already acquired ; a collection of specimens offered for presentation or sale to the Trustees is thus generally represented in the Museum Collection by a merely miscellaneous set of specimens, and in many cases by only a single one. All the collections and isolated specimens acquired since the foundation of the Museum have been incorporated together to form a single General Collection; in the course of this incor- poration many thousands of duplicates and inferior specimens have been set aside, and afterwards either presented to local museums and institutions, or exchanged to mineral collectors and foreign museums for specimens more useful to the British Museum, or have been otherwise disposed of. Since the year 1837, when the General Register of specimens was begun in each Department of the Museum, the mineral specimens have been systematically numbered and entered therein; the General Register thus gives a complete and 352 Minerals, continuous record of the growth of the Collection since that year. In the case of the Allan-Greg collection (1860), all the specimens had been numbered and catalogued before the collection became the property of the Trustees, and their entry in the General Register was unnecessary. Further, all the mineral specimens acquired before 1837 have likewise been numbered and entered in the General Register, unless they bear affixed labels referring to special registers or other documents preserved in the Department — for instance, the Sloane, Cracherode, Durazzo, Beroldingen, Heuland, or Aylesford Catalogues. The General Register of specimens preserved in the Mineral Department extended on December 31, 1903, to seventeen volumes of foolscap size with 86,807 entries; but of these the earlier entries (1-26,480) correspond, not solely to minerals, but also to palseontological specimens : after the death of Mr. Konig, in 1851, specimens belonging to the latter kind were entered in a special register, and in 1857 assigned to a special department. The number of entries in the General Register is only a rough approximation to the number of specimens acquired for the Museum ; for in some cases two or more specimens belonging to the same species or gi'oup have been entered under a single number, especially where the material is fragmental. Indeed, where there is little or no individuality, as is generally the case with minerals, the number assigned to the quantity of specimens may be without real importance : for example, a material may be studded with thousands of crystals and yet, being in one piece, it is reckoned as a single specimen ; if it be diminished in size by the removal of the material connecting the crystals, it may become, not part of a specimen, but thousands of specimens, each more or less different from the others. The exhibited specimens (1903) are placed on upwards of 16,000 separate trays, each carrying one or more specimens ; further, there are 2400 exhibited specimens for which no trays are required. The total number of drawers, almost all containing specimens, is 4276. Affixed to every specimen in the Mineral Department is a number referring in most cases to the above-mentioned " General Register," and in the remaining cases to one or other of a set of Lists or Catalogues. Every specimen, exhibited or unexhibited, is provided with a printed or manuscript label. Minerals. 353 2. Chronological Account of the Principal Accessions to THE Department of Minerals (1753-1903). The specimens preserved in the Mineral Department are conveniently discriminated into three series, briefly and con- veniently designated Minerals, Rocks and Meteorites. Series A.— MINERALS. The Collection of Minerals is arranged in two Divisions, namely, the Introductory Series and the Systematic Collection ; to the latter several small collections are auxiliary : — Div. I. The Introductory Series, which comprises some of the best of the mineral specimens, is exhibited in the first four window-cases (I-IV) of the Gallery. The specimens have been selected, arranged and labelled, to serve as an Introduction to the Study of Minerals. Div. II. The Systematic Collection. — -The finest and the most instructive specimens of the Systematic Collection are exhibited in forty -one table-cases (1-41) in the Gallery ; most of the remaining specimens are in the drawers of the table-cases and wall-cases of the Gallery and Pavilion. Many of those speci- mens which are too large to be exhibited in the positions proper to them as members of series are exhibited in the lower parts of the table-cases of the Gallery, or are mounted on separate tables or pedestals, and are then adjacent to the corre- sponding specimens of smaller size ; but most of the finer large specimens are brought together as a special collection and are exhibited in the wall- cases (H, J, K) of the Pavilion. A complete list of the mineral species and varieties repre- sented in the Collection, with a reference to the location of the specimens in the Gallery, is published under the title of The Student's Index to the Collection of Minerals. VOL. I. 2 A 354 Minerals. The following collections are auxiliary to the Systematic Collection : — la. A series of Isolated Crystals and Models of Crystals, illustrative of crystalline form ; part is exhibited in two wall-cases (D, E) of the Gallery. 16. A series of Slices of Crystals prepared for examination by transmitted polarised light ; they are preserved in the drawers of a special cabinet. Some of the crystals and slices of crystals are those of native products (minerals) ; others are those of illustrative products in the formation of which human action has intervened, and which are therefore generally called " artificial." 2. A collection of PseudomorpJis ; the best and most instruc- tive specimens are exhibited in three table-cases (44, 45, 46) in the Pavilion ; the remaining specimens are in the drawers of those cases. 3. A series of specimens illustrative of the Forms of Silica, arranged and described in 1884 by Professor John Kuskin ; exhibited in table-case 47 in the Pavilion. 4. A collection of Enclosures, illustrating the enclosure of one mineral by another ; exhibited in a portion of table- case 42 in the Gallery. 5. A small set of so-called " Artificial Products " identical in their essential characters with, or closely allied to, recog- nised mineral species ; some are exhibited in a portion of table-case 42 in the Gallery. 6. A collection of polished slabs of Ornamental Stones ; exhibited in a wall-case (A) of the Corridor, near the entrance to the Gallery. 7. The most interesting of the Becent Accessions are kept together for a time, and before being incorporated with the Collection are exhibited in table-case 43 in the Gallery. It may be added that mineral species are defined, not by means of type-specimens, but by means of numerical quantities which specify the crystalline form and chemical composition of the substance ; figures of actual mineral specimens have thus little or no classificatory value and are rarely published. Minerals, 355 Chronological List (1753-1903) referring to Series A. — Minerals. 1753. Of the four collections which in 1753 were brought together to form the British Museuro, only one, that of Sir Hans Sloane, Bart., F.R.S. [1660-1753], of London, contained natural history specimens. In the year 1687, Sir Hans (then Dr.) Sloane had sailed to the West Indies as physician to the Governor of Jamaica (the Duke of Albemarle), and during his fifteen months' stay there had collected natural history specimens, more especially plants. Evelyn's Diary records a visit made to this collection on April 16, 1691. Later, in 1702, he inherited the miscellaneous collections which had been gathered together by his friend, Mr. "William Courten [1642-1702], of London, long known as Mr. Charlton (or Charleton). During his long residence and travels on the Continent, Mr. Courten, a grandson of the first Earl of Bridgewater, had availed himself of his opportunities for obtaining remarkable specimens ; according to Evelyn's Diary, the collection was, in 1686, so extensive as to occupy ten rooms of the Middle Temple, and the museum was then a place of frequent and fashionable resort. Sir Hans Sloane was Secretary of the Royal Society for nineteen years [1693-1712], and President for fourteen years [1727-1741]; like Mr. Courten, he had many opportunities of becoming acquainted with, and acquiring, natural products of special interest. In 1718, on the death of Mr. James Petiver [1658-1718], of London, Sir Hans Sloane purchased the extensive natural history collections which had been formed by that indefatigable naturalist. In 1748, the Sloane Museum, at that time in the Manor House, Chelsea, was of such importance that it was honoured by a visit from the Prince and Princess of AVales ; the Prince, on leaving, is reported to have expressed to Sir Hans Sloane the opinion that it would conduce to the benefit of Learning, and redound to the great honour of Britain, if the grand collection could be established for public use. The Sloane mineral specimens, however good they may have 2 A 2 356 Minerals, been for the time in which they were collected, were later replaced by others which better illustrated the characters of minerals. Neither Mr. Courten nor Sir Hans Sloane had made a special study of minerals ; in their time the interest of a mineral specimen was generally limited to the yield of valuable metal or to the utility as an ornamental stone. For it was not till twenty years after the death of Sir Hans Sloane that crystal- line form was discovered to be a specific character of unorganised matter ; till then, attention had rarely been paid, in the collecting of mineral specimens, either to excellence of crystalline develop- ment or to variety of crystalline form. Further, oxygen being still undiscovered, chemistry had not yet entered upon its modern phase. The sharp definition of mineral species and their scientific arrangement were alike impossible. The point to which mineralogy had attained during the life- time of Sir Hans Sloane himself is well illustrated by the scheme of classification adopted for the mineral section of his manuscript catalogue, the making of which was begun in the early years of the eighteenth century, and was continued till his death. The minerals were distributed into the following classes : (1) Precious Stones ; (2) Metals ; (3) Ambers, Bitumens, Ambergris, &c. (including Sulphur) ; (4) Salts, Earths, Clays ; (5) Talcs, Micas ; (6) Crystals ; (7) Flints, Fossils, kc. The assignation of the specimens to these classes was very imperfect, and there was much overlapping ; that of Precious Stones, for example, included Bristol Stones, Agates, Touchstone, Loadstone, many Flints, and also Stones of Curious Shapes. In the will of Sir Hans Sloane it was expressly stated that the catalogue had been prepared in great haste. The total number of entries in the mineral section, which occupies three volumes, is 8649. Other volumes contain an elaborate set of indexes. Most of the Sloane specimens now preserved in the Collection are worked articles (cups, bowls, boxes, knife-handles, (fee.) of agate, jasper, rock-crystal, and other varieties of quartz. Mention may also be made of faceted pebbles of amethyst and aquamarine from India, a cut turquoise, two specimens of amber, and the first described specimen of columbite. 1758. A mocha-stone, set in an enamelled ring : presented by the Duke of Noja. Minerals, 357 1765. A polished, oval slab of brown and yellow jasper : presented by the Earl of Exeter. 1777. Two large, polished slabs of labradorite, showing change of colour on change of incidence of the light ; from Nain, Labrador : presented by the Rev. Benjamin La Trobe. 1782. Malachite from China : presented by Mr. John Duncan. 1790. Atacamite (" copper sand ") from Atacama, Chili : presented by the Abbe Rochon. 1797. Two mamillary masses and a polished slab of malachite ; from the Urals : presented by the Rev. Robert Nares, F.R.S. 1799. Owing to the smallness of the income of the Trust, there was little money available for the purchase of specimens of any kind, natural or artificial, and in fact no purchases of minerals were made between 1753 and 1799. In the meantime the science of mineralogy had made immense progress ; more especially, the importance of crystalline form as a character of minerals had received general recognition. Further, there had been great activity in the principal mining districts of Great Britain, such as Cornwall, Derbyshire and Lanarkshire. Splendid specimens had been obtained from the English and Scotch mines, and yet the minerals were scarcely represented in the National Collection. Under these circumstances the Trustees, notwithstandmg the poverty of the Trust, seized an opportunity offered to them, and, acting on a report made to them by the Rt. Hon. Charles Greville, F.R.S, Mr. Philip Rashleigh, and the Rt. Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, F.R.S., purchased the mineral collection of Mr. Charles Hatchett, F.R.S. [1765-1847], of London, still remem- bered by chemists for his discovery of the metal to which he 358 Minerals. gave the name coliimbium. The collection, which consisted of nearly 7,000 specimens, mostly small, was particularly useful in its representation of British minerals. Further, Mr. Hatchett, in the course of his travels on the Continent and by means of correspondence, had obtained many good illustrations of foreign minerals. From Count Apollos de Moussin Poushkin, for example, he had received a large number of Russian specimens, a manuscript list of which is preserved in the Department. In the same year, 1799, on the death of the Rev. Clayton Mordaunt Cracherode, F.R.8. [1730-1799], of London, who had been elected a Trustee of the Museum in 1784, a fine collection of books, prints, coins, medals, gems, minerals and shells came to the Trustees by bequest. The mineral specimens were many of them choice examples; as may be estimated from the fact that, though only 838 in number, their cost to the collector was nearly twice as much as was paid by the Trustees for the far more extensive collection which had been formed by Mr. Hatchett. There is a detailed manuscript catalogue of the collection. Special mention may be made of : — ^polished slabs of labradorite and lapis lazuli ; crystallised specimens of blende, tetrahedrite, argentite, pyrargyrite and heulandite. 1800. Iron-pyrites with blende, copper-pyrites, pearl-spar, calcite and quartz, all crystallised ; from ChiH : presented by Mr. Archibald Menzies. 1807. A crystal of boracite, in gypsum, from Liineburg, Hanover : presented by Mr. Joseph Planta, F.R.S. 1809. 189 specimens of Peruvian minerals, chiefly ores; a manu- script list of them, received at the same time, is preserved in the Department : presented by Lord Grenville. 1810. The Rt. Hon. Charles Greville, P.C, F.R.S. [1749-1809], of London, son of the Earl of Warwick and nephew of Sir William Hamilton, died intestate in the year 1809, and it became Minerals. 359 necessary to realise his property for division among his next-of- kin. The property included a collection of minerals which he had been forming for more than 30 years, and had arranged in his house at Paddington Green. Its nucleus was the collection of Baron Ignaz von Born [1742-1791], of Prague, described by Baron Born in the Litliophylacium Bornianum, and purchased from him by Mr. Greville before the second part of that catalogue was published [1775]. To this was probably added the collection of the Marchese Ippolito Durazzo [1754-1818], mineralogist and afterwards botanist, of Genoa ; of this collection an undated manuscript Latin catalogue is preserved in the Department ; the epoch of formation of the collection and catalogue is roughly indicated by the system of classification, which was the one published by A. F. Cronstedt in 1758. Count de Bournon, long a political refugee from his own estates and country, obtained employment in connection with several mineral collections in England, one of them being that of Mr. Charles Greville. He was occupied with its arrangement from 1794 to 1806, and during the same interval of time gave advice as regards further acquisitions. The Greville collection eventually became the finest assemblage of minerals which had been seen in England, and was declared by Eaglish mineralogists and Count de Bournon in 1810 to be in most parts equal, and in many parts superior, to the best Continental collections. A sum of money was specially voted by Parliament for the purchase of the collection, numbering about 14,800 specimens, for the British Museum. The faceted precious stones of Mr. Greville did not form part of this purchase, but had been disposed of separately : but the precious stones in their native condition were well represented in the collection ; there were fine series of crystallised diamond, ruby, sapphire, emerald, topaz and rubellite. More especially may be mentioned the following : — Rubellite : the largest and most remarkable crystal, or parallel growth of crystals, in this and probably in any other collection. It was given by the King of Ava to Colonel (then Major) Michael Symes when the latter was on an Embassy to that country in 1795. Corundum : a rough deeply worn piece which had long been used in a family of Indian lapidaries. Atacamite : crystallised ; from South America. Datolite from Arendal, Norway. Euclase : an isolated crystal from Minas Geraes. 360 Minerals, Aragonite : a unique group of large crystals from the neighbourhood of Glasgow. Calcite : a group of twinned and simple crystals from Derbyshire. Cromfordite : two very fine crystallised specimens, of extreme rarity, and, until 1851, the best that were known: from Derbyshire. Apatite : a group of extremely fine, large crystals from Russia. This occurrence appears to be represented in Russian collections by only two, rather smaller, specimens. Various volcanic minerals from Guadaloupe, West Indies ; an amber necklace, supposed to be of Roman workmanship, found in Lincolnshire : presented by Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. F.R.S. 1811. Chrysoberyl from Greenfield, New York : presented by Prof. Archibald Bruce. Copalite ("Highgate resin") from Highgate, Middlesex: presented by Mr. Snow. Platinum from South America : presented by Mr. F. Bauer. 1812. A specimen of surturbrand (lignite) from Iceland : presented by Sir Joseph Banks, Bart., F.R.S. 1813. A small nugget of gold, weighing 57 grains (3-69 grams), from County Wicklow : presented by Sir Joseph Banks, Bart., F.R.S. 1814. Silver in calcite, from Peru : presented by Don Hipolito Unanue. 1815. Iridosmine with platinum, gold and magnetite, from the Urals : presented by Dr. W. H. Wollaston, F.R.S. The library and the Natural History collections of Baron K. E. von Moll [1760-1838], of Salzburg and Munich, were purchased ; many minerals of great scarcity and beauty, especially from Salzburg and Tyrol, were thus added to the Collection. Minerals. 361 1816. The collection of Baron F. C. von Beroldingen [1740-1798], of Hanover and the Palatinate, was purchased in 1816, many years after his death, from his nephew Count J. I. von Beroldingen, the Wiirtemberg Minister in London : the specimens, about 14,000 in number, are small in size and of mediocre quality, but had at the time of acquisition a certain amount of interest by reason of their localities, or as illustrating the ideas developed by the collector in his published works — more especially his " Bemcrk- nngen avf einer Beise durch die Pfdlzischen mid Zweyhriickschen Quecksilher-Bergwerhe" published in 1 788. A manuscript German catalogue in two volumes is preserved in the Department. 1817. Berzelianite, yttrocerite, and other recently-discovered Swedish minerals : presented by Professor J. J. Berzelius. Yttrotantalite from Sweden : presented by Sir Joseph Banks, Bart., E.R.S. Wavellite from Devonshire : presented by Dr. William Wavell. 1818. Amber, graphite, and other minerals from Greenland : pre- sented by Captain (afterwards Sir) Edward Sabine, F.R.S. A waterworn mass of copper, brought by Mr. Samuel Hearne from a spot 29 or 30 miles S.S.E. of the mouth of the Coppermine river, British North America, in 1771 : presented by the Hudson Bay Company. Melilite, and other Vesuvian minerals: presented by Earl Compton (afterwards Marquess of Northampton). 1819. Three specimens of ilvaite from Elba: presented by Mr. Marryat. 1820. Calcite and copper-pyrites from the Ecton mine, Staffordshire : presented by the Duke of Devonshire. Several specimens of graphite, showing the mineral in different kinds of matrix, from Borrowdale, Cumberland : presented by Mr. Henry Banks. 362 Minerals 1821, Hatchettite from Merthyr Tydvil, S. Wales : presented by Mr. Charles Hatchett, F.R.S. 1822. Silver in ealcite, from Chili : presented by Mr. Alexander Caldcleugh. Two polished slabs of jadeite from China : presented by Sir Abraham Hume, Bart. 1823. Aragonite from Buckfastleigh, Devonshire : presented by Prof. William Buckland, F.R.S. A large collection of Vesuvian products, upwards of 2000 in number, brought together by Dr. Teodoro Monticelli [1759-1846], for many years Professor of Chemistry at Naples, was purchased in 1823; the results of the study of these products are given in Monticelli and Covelli's Prodromo della Mineralogia Vesiwiana, 1825. A manuscript list of the specimens of the collection, in the handwriting of Prof. N. Covelli, is preserved in the Depart- ment. Many of the best specimens of crystallised Vesuvian minerals now in the Museum came as part of the Monticelli collection. 1824. Gold with aikinite, in quartz, from Beresovsk, Urals : presented by Mr. J. M. Raikes. 1825. Brilliant, greenish-yellow crystals of pyromorphite on the matrix, from Wheal Alfred, Cornwall : presented by Mr. J. Taylor, F.R.S. A series of cut and polished precious and other ornamental stones, in which class of material the Museum Collection was then very deficient, was purchased from Mr. H. C. G. von Struve [1772-1851], at the time when he was Russian Minister-Resident at Hamburg. The specimens, which numbered about 300, in- cluded two large star-sapphires, weighing 88 and 30 carats (nearly 18 and 6 gi*ams) respectively, and also specimens of ruby, topaz, hyacinth, chrysolite, chrysoprase, cat's-eye, precious opal, carnelian, chalcedony, onyx, amethyst, rock-crystal with mineral enclosures, and amber. Minerals. 363 1826. Zeolites, opal, &c., from the Faroe Islands : presented by Sir AValter C. Trevelyan, Bart. Boracite from Llineburg : presented by Captain W. Miiller. 1827. Hatchettite from Merthyr Tydvil, 8. Wales: presented by Mr. Hill. Minerals from Ceylon : presented by the Rev. George D'Oyley, D.D. 1828. A collection of choice specimens from the Harz Mountains, the large groups of crystals of calcite and of pyrargyrite being especially fine : presented by His Majesty King George the Fourth. 1829. Garnet, magnetite and tourmaline, from Haytor, Devonshire : presented by Mr. Shirley Woolmer. Native gold from Beresovsk, Urals, and some other Russian minerals : purchased. 1830. Staurolite from Brittany ; kermesite from Saxony ; epidote from Norway : purchased. 1831. Malachite from Linares, Spain : presented by Captain S. E. Cook (afterwards Widdrington), R.N., F.R.S. Topaz from Brazil ; rhodochrosite from Saxony ; chessylite from Chessy, France ; apatite from St. Gotthard : purchased. 1832. Childrenite from Crinnis mine, Cornwall : presented by Mr. T. H. Holdsworth. Haematite on lava from Vesuvius : presented by the Marquess of Northampton. Scorodite on limonite from Antonio Pereira, Ouro Preto, Brazil : purchased. A large crystal of rose-coloured corundum from St. Gotthard : purchased. 364 Minerals, 1833. Turquoise from Persia : presented by Sir Gore Ouseley, Bart. Worked articles of agate and heliotrope : presented by Lady Frances Trail. Two faceted green tourmalines : purchased. A suite of specimens of alluvial and other gold, brought together by Captain G. F. Lyon, R.N., during his stay in the principal gold districts of Brazil : purchased. 1834. A very large mass of aluminite from Newhaven, Sussex : presented by Dr. G. Mantell, F.R.S. After the death, in 1832, of the Dowager Countess of Ayles- ford, her extensive collection of minerals came into the possession of Mr. Henry Heuland [1777 ? — 1856], mineral dealer of London, from whom many choice specimens selected from the Aylesford collection were purchased by the Trustees in 1834: the two- volume manuscript catalogue of this collection is now preserved in the Department. At various times other fine specimens were purchased from Mr. Heuland, particularly from his private collection, 1835. Diallage, cuprite, and other minerals from Cornwall : presented by Mr. Ashurst Majendie. Chessylite from Chessy, France : purchased. Native copper from the Bank mines, Siberia : purchased. Amethyst from Porcura, Transylvania : purchased. Native gold from Sweden and Transylvania : purchased. 1836. Well crystallised specimens of cerussite, calamine (large green rhombohedra from Chessy), beryl, mimetite, gold, argentite, rutile, barytes, idocrase, apatite, and fluor : presented by Mr. R. Simmons, F.R.S. Large crystals of sulphur on the matrix ; from Coiiil, Cadiz, Spain : purchased. I Minerals. 365 1837. Total acquisitions 378,* including : — Magnesite, and other minerals from India : presented by Dr. P. M. Benza. Gold, diamond, and other minerals from Brazil : presented by Dr. Jose Estevao ClifFe. Apatite from St. Gotthard and Ehrenfriedersdorf ; rhodo- chrosite from Schneeberg, Saxony ; copper-glance from C(jrnwall ; chessylite : purchased. 1838. Total acquisitions 250, including :— Twenty-four Sicilian ambers : presented by Mr. G. Gravine. Witherites from Northumberland : presented by Mr. Robert Stokoe and Mr. Benjamin Leadbeater. A large mass of crystallised pyromorphite, of a rich gi'een colour, from Hofsgrund, Baden : purchased. A large twin crystal of quartz (rock-crystal), grouped with simple crystals on the matrix, from La Gardette, Dep. Isere, France : purchased. 1839. Total acquisitions 194, including : — A series of Egyptian minerals and ores : presented by Sir J. Gardner Wilkinson, F.R.S. A very large dodecahedral crystal of almandine, from Eahlun, Sweden : purchased. Various American minerals : purchased. Native silver, from Norway : purchased. 1840. Total acquisitions 183, including : — Crystallised vivianite in the interior of an Irish deer's tooth, from Ireland : presented by Sir Philip de M. G. Egerton, Bart., F.R.S. A crystal of diamond in the matrix, from Brazil : purchased. * The General Register of the new acquisitions for the INIuscum was begun in 1837. S66 Minerals. 1841. Total acquisitions 158, including: — A cup made of jadeite : presented by Lieut.-Col. H. Burney, to whom it had been given by the King of Ava. Crystallised native silver from Kongsberg, Norway: purchased. Faceted stones (diamond, ruby, cymophane, sapphire, zircon, topaz and dichroite) : purchased. Euclase, ilmenite, magnetite and topaz, from Brazil : pur- chased. Group of crystals of black tourmaline and white apatite from Bovey Tiacey, Devonshire : purchased. 1842. Total acquisitions 209, including : — Harmotome, strontianite, Ac, from Strontian : presented by Sir Robert H. Inglis, Bart., F.R.S. Tscheffkinite from the Ilmen Mountains, Russia : presented by Mr. H. Christie. Various minerals and rocks, from India : presented by Dr. P. M. Benza. Indian idol, carved in sapphire : purchased. 1843. Total acquisitions 126, including : — Carnelian, jasper and chalcedony, from India : presented by Mr. S. Law. Mispickel, allanite and gadolinite, from Norway : presented by Prof. B. M. Keilhau and Prof. T. Scheerer. Fine crystals of linarite on the matrix, from Roughten Gill, Caldbeck, Cumberland : purchased. 1844. Total acquisitions 205, including : — Three specimens of greenockite : presented by the Earl of Cathcart. A table with stand, made of cannel coal from the Wemyss mine, Fifeshire : purchased. Two isolated crystals of euclase from Brazil : purchased. Greenish-yellow serpentine pseudomorphous after large crystals of olivine ; from Snarum, Norway : purchased. Minerals. 367 1845. Total acquisitions 93, including : — A large specimen of beekite from Devonshire : presented by the Marquess of Northampton. Mellite, a group of crystals on lignite from Thuringia : presented by the Earl of Aylesford. A large crystal of apatite from Hammond, New York : purchased. A group of pseudomorphous crystals (haytorite), from Haytor mine, Dartmoor, Devonshire : purchased. 1846. Total acquisitions 238, including :— A group of pale flesh-red rhombohedra of chabazite (acadiaUte) on the matrix, and a group of brick-red rhombohedra of chabazite with stilbite in a rock-cavity ; both from Wasson's Blufl*, Bay of Eundy, Nova Scotia : presented by Mr. W. G. Lettsom. 1847. Total acquisitions 333, including : — An enormous group of large, colourless, prismatic crystals of gypsum from Reinhardsbrunn, Gotha, Germany : presented by H.R.H. the Prince Consort. About 100 specimens of amber from the Prussian coast, many of them enclosing insects : purchased. A very pretty specimen of chalybite, pseudomorphous after fluor, consisting of a hollow cube of chalybite, in the centre of which is a mound of tarnished copper-pyrites surmounted by divergent prisms of white quartz ; from Virtuous Lady mine, Tavistock, Devonshire : purchased. 1848. Total acquisitions 186, including: — About 120 mineral specimens bequeathed by Mrs. Ann TattenaU. 1849. Total acquisitions 189, including : — Calcite — a large group of small, yellowish, acute rhom- bohedra gi'ouped in twin position ; from Bernmda : presented by Mr. Thomas Baring. 368 Minerals. 1850. Total acquisitions 240, including : — Two groups of dark-green crystals of epidote on the matrix, from Traversella, Piedmont, Italy : presented by Mr. W. G. Lettsom. Two specimens of fluor ("The Couttet rose-fluors ") from Switzerland : presented by Prof, John Ruskin. A fine group of pink crystals of apophyllite from Samson mine, Andreasberg, Harz : presented by the Marquess of jSTorthampton. Sixty-two crystals of diamond : purchased. Spodumene, a large crystal, from Chesterfield, Massachusetts : purchased. 1851. Total acquisitions 167, including : — A very large group of crystals of galena, with rhombohedra of calcite and some blende, from Great Laxey mine, Isle of Man : presented by the Proprietors of the mine. Graphite, a mass weighing 32 lb. (14 J kilograms) : presented by Messrs. Pilcher and Sons. 1852. Total acquisitions 62, including : — A small gold nugget, weighing 516 grains (33-4 gi'ams), from Queen Charlotte's Island, British Columbia : purchased. 1853. Total acquisitions 67, including : — A group of crystals of witherite from Fallowfield mine, Hexham, Northumberland : purchased. 1854. Total acquisitions 73, including : — • Several crystals of parisite from Muso, Colombia : presented by Mr. E. W. Marks. A colourless, transparent, w^aterworn mass, weighing 12 lb. 13 oz. (5*812 kilograms), of topaz with cleavage-surfaces, Miyierals. 369 probably from Ceylon ; before being recognized to be topaz, it had for some time been in use as a door- weight in Fleet Street, London : purchased. A large specimen of chessylite, encrusted with large crystals ; from Chessy, Dep. du Rhone, France : purchased. 1855. Total acquisitions 163,. including : — Jade from New Zealand : presented by Sir George Grey, K.C.B. Greenland minerals, including fine columbites : presented by Mr. J. W. Tayler. 1856. Total acquisitions 200, including : — A large prismatic crystal of quartz, with sharply defined negative crystals and a large cavity enclosing liquid and a bubble : purchased. 1857. Total acquisitions 112, including : — Specimens of jarrowite : presented by Prof. Richard Owen, F.R.S., and Mr. J. Hodgson. Argentite from Freiberg, Saxony : purchased. 1858. Total acquisitions 723, including : — Zeolites, and other minerals from Scotland and the Faroe Islands : presented by Mr. P. Dudgeon. The "Latrobe" gold nugget, well crystallised in cubes and weighing 23 oz. Troy (717 grams) ; from Mclvor Mount,^Victoria ; raised May 1st, 1853, in the presence of His Excellency C. J. Latrobe, the Governor of the Colony : purchased. Brilliant crystals of heulandite encrusting the matrix ; from Berufjord, Iceland : purchased. A group of large, black octahedra of spinel, with crystals of diopside, phlogopite and calcite ; from Amity, Orange County, New York : purchased. A series of silver-bearing minerals from Chili : purchased. VOL. I. 2 B 370 Minerals. 1859. Total acquisitions 3185, including : — A magnificent group of white and colourless, lamellar crystals of cerussite, many of them twinned ; from Logylas mine, Aberystwith, Cardiganshire : presented by Mr. J. Taylor, F.R.S. Orthite from Hittero : presented by Mr. R. P. Greg. Brilliant twinned crystals of bournonite on crystals of quartz, a large specimen; from Herodsfoot mine, Liskeard, Cornwall : purchased. A large series of crystals, 2624 in number, brought together by Dr. A. Krantz [1809-1872] of Berlin and (after 1850) Bonn; it contained specimens of veiy rare minerals such as euclase and wagnerite, and was rich in series of felspars, hemi- morphite, augite, chrysolite, beryl, phenakite, sapphire, zircon : purchased. 1860. Total acquisitions 9944, including : — An extensive series of beautifully crystallised zeolites (apo- phyllite, stilbite, scolecite, &c.), frequently aggregated together to form very large groups ; from the railway cuttings in the Syhadree Mountains, Bombay : presented in 1860 and 1861 by Mr. James Berkley, Chief Engineer of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway. Sloanite, larderellite, caporcianite, and other minerals from Italy : presented by Cavaliere Sloane. The Allan-Greg Collection, consisting of about 9000 speci- mens : purchased. Its formation had been begun by Mr. Thomas Allan, F.R.S. [1777-1833], of Edinburgh, and it included a set of Greenland minerals, brought together by Mr. Charles Giesecke during seven years' residence in that country ; some of the Greenland specimens were purchased about the year 1808. In the enrichment of the collection and in its arrangement Mr. Allan was much assisted by Dr. (afterwards Prof.) Wilhelm von Haiclinger, more especially while the latter was resident in Edinburgh [1823-1826] ; much of the material referred to in Haidinger's earlier papers belonged to the Allan Collec- tion. After Mr. Allan's death the collection was purchased by Mr. R. H. Greg ; and, still later, it was added to by his son, Mr. Robert P. Greg, then of Norcliffe Hall, near Manchester. The chief value of the collection to the British Museum consisted Minerals, 371 in its magnificent series of British minerals, of which, if the Cornish minerals be excepted, it was the finest collection known ; the Manual of the Mineralogy of Great Britain and Ireland, by R. P. Greg and W. G. Lettsom, published in 1858, was based on that material. The collection was also peculiarly rich in Norwegian minerals, and the series of chessylite and idocrase were extraordinarily good. The specimens had been catalogued and numbered before the collection was purchased by the Trustees. A series of Italian minerals : purchased. A large mass of native copper from Lake Superior : purchased. A selection of specimens from the collection of Prof. Nuttall, including a very fine group of crystals of kyanite from Massa- chusetts : purchased. 1861. Total acquisitions 1472, including: — ■ Eudialyte, sapphirine and allanite from Greenland : presented by Mr. J. W. Tayler. Forty specimens of zeolites from Nova Scotia : presented by Dr. A. C. Cogswell. A series of specimens from the Campbell collection. In 18G1, on the death of Mr. James R. Campbell, of Cheltenham, the Trustees were permitted to make a selection from the well-chosen specimens, upwards of 3000 in number, which had been brought together by him ; as a result nearly 500 specimens were pur- chased in this and the following year, and further, three remark- able specimens were presented by his widow ; one of the latter being a radiating group of crystals of erythrite, of a rich crimson colour, on a matrix of crystallised quartz, from Schneeberg in Saxony. Very large crystals of rutile from Lincoln County, Georgia : purchased. Two hundred specimens from the collection of .Mr. William Nevill : purchased. A large group of twinned prismatic crystals of calcite, with smaller acicular crystals, on the matrix, from Wheal Wrey, Liskeard, Cornwall : purchased. A group of large, opaque, ash-grey crystals of spodumene in quartz, from Huntington, Massachusetts : purchased. A pohshed sphere of perfectly clear and flawless quartz (rock-crystal), from Japan : purchased 2 B 2 372 Minerals. 1862. Total acquisitions 1074, including : — Numerous so-called artificial crystals, prepared by Dr. Carl von Hauer, of Vienna, and shown in the Austrian Court of the Exhibition which was held in London in the year 1862 : pre- sented in the same year. A series of specimens of turquoise from Wadi Maghara^ Arabia Petrsea : presented by Major C. Macdonald. A sharply developed, perfectly transparent and colourless, cube of salt (halite) on the matrix, from Wieliczka, Galicia, Austria : presented by the Austrian Government. A large mass of green turquoise with smooth, round surfaces, and a large crystal of ruby spinel : purchased. Fine crystals of dioptase on the matrix, from Kirghiz Steppes, Siberia : purchased. 1863. Total acquisitions 595, including : — Specimens of chalcedonic minerals from Uruguay : presented by Mr. W. G. Lettsom. A very large, water-worn and polished mass of jade, weighing 1156 lb. (524 kilograms), from Battugol, Irkutsk, Siberia : purchased. A group of large cubes of fluor of a bluish-green colour, with zonal bands of colour ; some faces are partly coated with pyrites ; from Menheniot mines, Cornwall : purchased. 1864. Total acquisitions 617, including: — A large mass of graphite from the Alibert mine, near Battugol, Irkutsk, and other Siberian specimens : presented by Mr. Iv. P. Alibert. A twinned crystal of Iceland spar, bounded by numerous faces, and weighing about 3 cwt. (150 kilograms) : purchased. A group of large cubes of greenish fluor, some faces being encrusted with crystals of calcite ; from Menheniot mines, Corn- wall : purchased. A group of twinned cubes of argentite ; [this specimen, having been protected from the light, has retained its bright lustre] ; from Himmelfahrt mine, Freiberg, Saxony : purchased. Mmerals. 373 1865. Total acquisitions 3620, including : — Several fine large specimens : — a polished mass of Iceland spar ; harmotome f rom Strontian; chessylite from Chessy; along branch of crystallised native copper from Lake Superior ; celestite from Sicily : presented by Prof. John Ruskin. A collection (about 3250 specimens) formed by General N. I. Koksharov [1818-1893], of St. Petersburg. This purchase enriched the Museum with an admirable series of Russian, and, in particular, of Siberian minerals, the finest specimens of which are rarely offered for sale beyond the borders of the Russian Empire. The collection had served as material for the valuable series of Memoirs published by General Koksharov under the title of 31ateriaUen zur Mineralocjie Busslands [1853- 1891]. The collector, being at the same time Director of the Mining School at St. Petersburg, had exceptional opportunities afforded to him. Worthy of special mention are : — several large crystals of phenakite, isolated or in the matrix, from the emerald mines, Ekaterinburg, Urals ; and a suite of six magnificent, isolated crystals of topaz, smoky brown in colour and transparent, from the XJrulga river, Nertschinsk, Transbaikal. Other species well represented are alexandrite, euclase, emerald, tourmaline, perofskite, idocrase, columbite, crocoite and apatite. 1866. Total acquisitions 668, including : — • Small, yellowish-green, acicular crystals of pyromorphite, thickly encrusting the matrix ; from Roughten Gill, Caldbeck, Cumberland : by exchange. A large specimen of pharmacosiderite with numerous crystals ; from Redruth, Cornwall : purchased. Rhombohedra of lilac-blue calcite, certain faces being en- crusted with quartz crystals ; from Tankerville mine, Shelve, Shropshire : purchased. Gold ores from Borneo : purchased. 1867. Total acquisitions 778, including : — ; A large octahedron, with artificially polished faces and rounded edges, of ruby spinel, from Ava, Burma : purchased. 374 Minerals, Fine crystallised specimens of barytocalcite, from Alston, Cumberland : purchased. Two large faceted phenakites, perfectly clear and colourless, and other specimens of cut gem-stones from Russia : by purchase and exchange. 1868. Total acquisitions 690, including : — A large mass of salt (halite) with a reddish tinge, crystallised in cubes on the surface ; from Salt Kange, Punjab, India : pre- sented by Mr. E. L. Brandreth. Beryl, a large faceted " aquamarine," from Siberia : purchased. Groups of very large twinned crystals of bournonite, from Cornwall : purchased. 140 specimens of minerals, chiefly Scotch : purchased. 1869. Total acquisitions 624, including : — A remarkable parallel growth of crystals of rubellite, of a deep colour from Ava : presented by Mr. C. S. J. L. Guthrie. A nugget of platinum, weighing 1350 grains (87*5 grams), from Nijni-Tagilsk, Urals • presented by H.I.H. the Duke of Leuchtenberg. A very large mass of brown crystals of pyromorphite, on the matrix, from Braubach, Nassau : purchased. Collection of specimens of native gold from Wales : purchased. About one hundred specimens of Swedish and Norwegian minerals : purchased. A very large crystal of black quartz, from Tiefen Glacier, Switzerland : purchased. Fine, isolated crystals of epidote, from Knappenwand, XJnter- sulzbachthalj Salzburg : by purchase and exchange. 1870. Total acquisitions 548, including : — ■ Crystals of sapphire and zircon, from Siam : presented by Mr. Henry Alabaster. A nugget of native gold, weighing 1 oz. 145 • 5 grs. Troy (40 ' 53 grams), from the washings at Helmsdale, Sutherland : purchased. Fine calcites, fluellites, and other minerals, from Cornwall : purchased. Minerals, 375 1871. Total acquisitions 509, including :— Chilclrenite and several other mineral specimens: presented by Mrs. Atkins from the collection of her father, Mr. J. G. Children, F.R.S. Twenty specimens of Iceland spar : purchased. Amethyst, small hexagonal prisms, with trigonal terminations, thickly covering the surface of the matrix; from Guanaxuato, Mexico : purchased. Olivine— a large faceted peridot, of a rich green colour : purchased. A magnificent series of specimens of cuprite, in various forms, from Cornwall : purchased. 1872. Total acquisitions 529, including :— Various Canadian minerals: presented by Prof. H. A. Nicholson, F.R.S. A large mass of gold-quartz— portion of a rich quartz-lode ; from San Rafael, Costa Rica: presented by the Monte del Aquacata Mining Company. Large crystals of manganite on the matrix, with a little white barytes, from Ilfeld, Harz : purchased. Fine crystals of epidote, from Knappenwand, Untersulz- bachthal, Salzburg : purchased. 1873. Total acquisitions 1080, including :— The collection of mineral specimens which had been brought together by Mr. Richard Bright [1754-1840], of Bristol, and had been added to by his second son, Mr. Benjamm Heywood Bright [1787-1843]: it was presented to the Museum by Mr. Benjamin Bright [ 1 -1900], only son of the latter. British minerals, especially celestite, gothite, agate, &c., from the neigh- bourhood of Bristol, are well represented ; of foreign mmerals, special mention may be made of red corundum from St. Gotthard, and large crystals of idocrase from Egg, Norway. Various American minerals : by exchange. A very large, dodecahedral crystal of magnetite : purchased. Diamond crystals, isolated and in the matrix, with a series of minerals found accompanying them, from the Diamond Fields of South Africa : purchased. 376 Minerals. 1874. Total acquisitions 535, including : — Two large, isolated crystals of parisite from Muso, Colombia : presented by Mr. Gustav Lehmann. Wulfenite, friable mass of brilliant, honey-yellow lamellae, from Tecoma mine, Lucin District, Utah : by exchange. A large specimen of bromlite, covered with small crystals, from Bromley Hill, Alston, Cumberland : purchased. Fine specimens of zeolites from Bombay : purchased. Seventy specimens, chiefly zeolites, from Bergen Hill, Kew Jersey : purchased. A very large, cavernous and botryoidal, mass of sard from India : purchased. 1875. Total acquisitions 585, including : — A series of specimens of cassiterite from ISTew England, New South Wales : presented by the Bev. G. F. Wright. A large nugget of platinum, weighing 3 lb. 320 grains Troy (1142-5 grams), from the Urals : purchased. Minerals from Spain, and gold ores from the Philippines : purchased. One hundred specimens of Mexican minerals, including : — calcite, group of white, sharply defined scalenohedra, from Valenciana mine, Guanaxuato ; and quartz pseudomorphous after calcite, from Guanaxuato : purchased. Quartz, group of prismatic crystals of colourless rock-crystal, from La Gardette, Isere, France : purchased. A large, white, opaque crystal of analcite, from Fassathal, Tyrol : purchased. A flawless, polished sphere of Iceland spar (calcite) : purchased. 200 specimens of Peruvian minerals : purchased. 1876. Total acquisitions 598, including : — Specimens of corundum and associated minerals from North Carolina and Pennsylvania ; also various other minerals from the United States : presented by Dr. Joseph Leidy. Minerals. 377 Crystallised specimens of blodite from the Mayo salt mines, Punjab, India : presented by Dr. H. Warth. A remarkable specimen of quartz (" cotterite ") with a peculiar pearly lustre, from Bock Forest, County Cork : presented by Miss G. E. Cotter. Large, white, hexagonal prisms of aragonite, on the matrix ; from Herrengrund, Hungary : by exchange. An enormous, scalenohedral crystal of calcite (Iceland spar), partly coated with bunches of stilbite ; the crystal, which is upwards of two feet (60 centimeters) in length, has been cleaved and mounted to show the wide separation of the two images resulting from the double refraction of the mineral ; from Rodefjord, Iceland : purchased. Large, parallel group of orthoclase crystals, virtually forming a single one, with smoky quartz, on graphic granite; from Alabaschka, Mursinsk, Urals : purchased. About fifty specimens of Swedish minerals, including large crystals of pyrosmalite on the matrix : purchased. 1877. Total acquisitions 905, including : — A magnificent group of large, transparent, scalenohedral crystals of proustite, which, having been protected from the light, have retained both their colour and their transparency ; from Chaiiarcillo, Chili : presented by Mr. H. Ludlam. Thirty specimens, mostly from Brazil ; including quartz, pyrrhotite and chalybite, from San Juan del Bey mine, Minas Geraes : presented by the Hon. B. Marsham-Townshend. About sixty specimens of Spanish minerals : by exchange. About forty specimens of Vesuvian and Sicilian minerals : purchased. About one hundred specimens of Swedish minerals : purchased. Fluor, an extremely large mass of "Blue John"; from Derbyshire : purchased. Very brilliant, transparent crystals of pale-greenish apatite, from Knappenwand, Untersulzbachthal, Salzburg ; purchased. Beryl ("aquamarine"), a long hexagonal prism with basal plane, transparent, but much flawed, and a group of topaz crystals, stained yellowish, with smoky quartz ; from Adun-Tschilon, Nertschinsk, Transbaikal : purchased. 378 Minerals. 1878. Total acquisitions 417, including : — Specimens of the newly discovered minerals eosphorite, triploidite, dickinsonite and lithiophilite ; from Branchville, Connecticut : presented by Prof. E. S. Dana. Coquimbite, erythrite, itc, from Chili : presented by Dr. Joseph Leidy. A large, pale-coloured, opaque, altered crystal of enstatite from Bamle, Norway : purchased. &ennerite from Transylvania : purchased. A large crystal of yellow corundum from Ceylon : purchased. A beautiful octahedron of pink fluor on smoky quartz, from Switzerland : purchased. 1879. Total acquisitions 395, including : — Senarmontite, several large colourless octahedra on the matrix, from Mine d'Hamimad, Constant! ne, Algeria : presented oy Prof. A. L. O. L. Des Cloizeaux. A large series of Indian minerals : transferred from the India Museum, London. Sixty-five specimens, mainly zeolites and borates, from Nova Scotia : purchased. Films of gold on one face of a large crystalline mass of bismuth ; from Bolivia : purchased. Magnetite — very brilliant dodecahedra, on the matrix ; from Nordmark, Sweden : purchased. 1880. Total acquisitions 281, including : — • Bright crystals of columbite from Standish, Maine ; and various other minerals : presented by Prof. N. Story-Maskelyne, F.R.S. Various minerals from New Mexico, including turquoise and gold : presented by Mr. F. M. Arny. A large, isolated, tabular crystal of apatite, of a pale-violet colour in one part ; from Schwarzenstein, Zillerthal, Tyrol : purchased. A dark-green crystal of enstatite from Bamle, Norway ; purchased. Minerals. 379 1881. Total acquisitions 259, including : — A gi'oup of crystals of uranocircite, of a beautiful siskin-green colour, on the matrix ; from Falkenstein, Saxony : j)rcsented by Prof. A. H. Church, F.R.S. Crystals of xanthoconite, with clear crystals of proustite ; from Mina Dolores I., Chanarcillo, Chili : purchased. A large group of sulphur crystals from Girgenti, Sicily : pur- chased. Spodumene, a fine faceted " hiddenite," of a rich green colour : purchased. A splendid group of large, transparent crystals of barytes, from Przibram, Bohemia : purchased. Numerous crystals of tourmaline (rubellite) projecting from the surface of a block of granite ; from San Piero, Elba : purchased. 1882. Total acquisitions 488, including : — Leadhillite, hemimorphite, etc., from Leadhills and Wanlock- head ; amazon stone from Tongue, Sutherlandshire ; and other minerals : presented by Mr. Patrick Dudgeon. Chlorargyrite, native silver, argentopyrite and other minerals, from Chili : presented by Mr. P. A. Eck. Chlorargyrite, a large pure mass, from Florida mine, Taltal, Atacama, Chili : presented by Mr. George Hicks. A large, colourless, transparent, doubly terminated crystal of quartz, from Switzerland : presented by Mr. C. S. Bement. A splendid specimen of coralloidal aragonite (flos ferri) from Eisenerz, Styria : purchased. An isolated crystal (a well-developed rhombic dodecahedron) of lapis lazuli ; from Bokhara : purchased. A very fine, twinned crystal of copper-pyrites from Freiberg, Saxony : purchased. 1883. Total acquisitions 272, including: — • A very fine crystal of pyrrhotite from Morro Yelho, Minas Geraes, Brazil : presented by Mr. F. Tendron. A very large crystal of colourless quartz from Madagascar : jDurchased. A group of large, white crystals of adularia from Berg Scopi, Graublindten, Switzerland : purchased. 380 Minerals. Fluorescent amber, cut and polished, from Catania, Sicily purchased. 1884. Total acquisitions 535, including : — Forty gem-stones — ruby, spinel, sapphire, etc., mostly faceted : presented by Mr. J. Brukowsky. About fifty specimens of agate and chalcedony : presented by Prof. John Ruskin. A very large group of prismatic crystals of stibnite from Mount Kosang, near Saiyo, Island of Sikok, South Japan : purchased. Amethyst — many pyramidal crystals encrusting the matrix ; from Uruguay, South America : purchased. Fine crystals of emerald from Stony Point, North Carolina : purchased. 1885. Total acquisitions 495, including : — Dawsonite, phlogopite (a large crystal), meneghinite, etc., from Canada : presented by Dr. B. J. Harrington. Large, dark, scalenohedral crystals of calcite, enclosing copper- pyrites j from Ecton mine. Leek, Staffordshire : presented by the Proprietors of the mine. A very large, simple crystal of staurolite from Brittany : presented by Mr. C. Seidler. Tetrahedrite crystals, coated with tarnished copper-pyrites, on the matrix ; from Herodsfoot mine, Cornwall : purchased. Brilliant crystals of black smoky quartz, on granite ; from Tavetschthal, Graubiindten, Switzerland : purchased. 1886. Total acquisitions 568, including : — Thirty-seven specimens of Indian minerals : presented by Mr. H. B. Medlicott, F.R.S. Copper minerals from Mammoth mine, Utah : presented by Mr. R. Pearce. A large slab of golden-yellow cat's-eye (quartz) and another of blue, asbestiform crocidolite, from the Asbestos Mountains, South Africa : presented by Mr. Sydney Cowper. Group of green, fluorescent cubes of fluor on the matrix ; from Weardale, Durham : purchased. Brilliant, tabular crystals of wulfenite, of a rich vermilion colour, on the matrix ; from Arizona, U.S.A. : purchased. Minerals, 381 1887. Total acquisitions 920, including : — Several fine large masses of precious opal in the matrix; from Queensland : presented by Prof. N. Story-Maskelyne, F.R.S. The " Colenso " diamond, a large yellowish octahedron, with rounded edges and triangular markings on the faces, weighing 130 carats (27 grams) ; and the " Edwardes" ruby (corundum) : presented by Prof. John Ruskin. Several deep-red crystals of almandine, embedded in mica- schist ; from Fort Wrangell, Alaska : purchased. Brilliant, greenish-blue crystals of apatite, implanted on large crystals of orthoclase and quartz, on granite; from LuxulUan, Cornwall : purchased. 1888. Total acquisitions 260, including :— A group of brilliant crystals of apophyllite of a very pale- purplish shade of colour ; from Guanaxuato, Mexico : purchased. Five large, isolated, pyramidal crystals of scheelite from Rothlaue, Gutannen, Switzerland : purchased. A large group of crystals of witherite from Fallowfield mine, Hexham, Northumberland : purchased. A laro-e group of numerous prismatic crystals of calcite, with one twinned crystal of much larger size, on a matrix of red iron- ore ; from Egremont, Cumberland : purchased. 1889. Total acquisitions 402, including :— A large crystal of black tourmaline, with sharp termination ; from Madagascar : presented by the Rev. J. Wills. Various American minerals : presented by Colonel J. Willcox. An aggregate of large, green cubes of fluor, from Muscolonge Lake, Jefferson County, New York : purchased. A selection (58 specimens) of faceted precious stones (sphene, spinel, sapphire, zircon, etc.), from Mr. J. R. Gregory's collection : purchased. 1890. Total acquisitions 586, including :— Specimens of awaruite (terrestrial nickel-iron) and serpentme, from New Zealand : presented by Prof. G. H. F. Ulrich. A fibrolite hatchet from France : presented by Mr. C. Seidler. 382 Minerals, Asbestos, a mass of long, white fibres, from Yaltellina, Lombardy, Italy : presented by the United Asbestos Company, A pale-blue, doubly terminated crystal of topaz, from Ala- baschka, Mursinsk, Perm, Russia: purchased. 1891. Total acquisitions 458, including : — A large crystal of sphene, from Risor, Norway : presented by Mr. A. L. Collins. Various minerals from Ceylon, one of which was afterwards found to be a new species and named baddeleyite : presented by Mr. J. Baddeley. A fine, large group of white, prismatic crystals of laumontite, on the matrix ; from Felso-Csertes, Deva, Hunyad, Transylvania : purchased. 1892. Total acquisitions 504, including : — A large mass of botryoidal malachite from Copper Queen mine, Bisbee, Arizona : presented by Dr. James Douglas. Silicified wood, a polished section of a tree trunk ; from Holbrook, Apache County, Arizona : purchased. A large, isolated, prismatic crystal of diopside from Hull, Quebec, Canada : purchased. Small, brilliant crystals of black blende, scattered over crystallised quartz ; from Alston, Cumberland : purchased. A very fine group of large, purple cubes of fluor, the crystals being in part transparent and showing zonal bands of colour ; from Weardale, Durham : purchased. Large cubes of galena on the matrix, with small, curved rhombohedra of pearl-spar and small crystals of blende and quartz ; from Alston, Cumberland : purchased. Clusters of large, brilliant crystals of sulphur on the matrix ; from Girgenti, Sicily : purchased. 1893. Total acquisitions 1023, including : — 550 specimens, chiefly from Cornish mines, selected from the extensive collection of Mr. J. C. AVilliams, of Caerhays Castle, Cornwall, a collection made by his father and grandfather ; presented by Mr. J. C. AVilliams. Of these may be specially Minerals, 383 mentioned : — a very large mass of corussite, as delicate silky needles, from Pentire Glaze mine, Padstow, Cornwall ; and a unique specimen of Cornish spangolite. Crystals of selenite, of extraordinary size, from Wayne County, Utah : presented by Dr. J. E. Talmage. A large crystal of colourless, transparent Ijlodite, very sym- metrically developed on all sides ; from Warcha Mine, Salt Range, Punjab, India : presented by the Director of the Geological Survey of India. 150 specimens, chiefly American, selected from the collection made by Colonel Joseph Willcox, of Philadelphia : purchased. A large, isolated crystal of dolomite, with smaller crystals in twin position ; from Switzerland : purchased. 1894. Total acquisitions 407, including : — Thirty-six specimens, mostly English, selected from the mineral collection made by his mother. Lady Cust : presented by Mr. L. Cust. Quartz, a large " butterfly-twin " ; probably from Brazil ; purchased. A polished slab of pink, mottled thulite ; from Lexviken, Trondhjem, Norway : purchased. A large, square prism of scapolite, with basal plane and four obliquely placed pyramid-planes ; from Briekke, Bamle, Norway : purchased. A set of rare tellurides, including several fine crystals, from Cripple Creek, Colorado, brought together by Mr. Milton Moss : purchased (1894-1901). Copper, cerussite, marshite, silver, embolite, anglesite, wulfe- nite and chessylite, all in fine examples ; from Broken Hill, New South Wales : purchased. 1895. Total acquisitions 606, including : — Broggerite from Moss, Norway : presented by Prof. W. C. Brogger. Mackintoshite from Texas, and ruby from North Carolina : presented by Mr. W. E. Hidden. Eifty-eight crystals, which had belonged to the collection of Prof. Gustav Hose of Berlin : purchased. 384 Minerals. An extensive collection of crystals of calcite, being part of the material used by Prof. F. Sansoni for his memoirs on. the crystallography of that species : purchased. Finely crystallised specimens of lorandite and realgar, from All char, Macedonia : purchased. 1896. Total acquisitions 112, including: — Crystallised masses and groups of chessylite and malachite from Copper Queen mine, Bisbee, Arizona : presented by Dr. James Douglas. A large, regularly developed cube of purple fluor, from Weardale, Durham : presented by Miss Caroline Birley. A large suite of crystals of edingtonite, several of large size, from Bohlet, Sweden : purchased. A well-crystallised specimen of cromfordite from Monte Poni, Sardinia : purchased. 1897. Total acquisitions 896, including : — • Specimens of gold ores from the various gold-fields of Australia : presented by Mr. J. C. F. Johnson. New minerals (tripuhyite, derby lite and lewisite) from Brazil : presented by Dr. E. Hussak. A specimen consisting on one side of yellow, scalenohedral crystals of calcite, and on the other of small curved rhombohedra of pink dolomite together with cubes of galena and small tetrahedra of copper-pyrites ; also a large, isolated, scalenohedron of yellow calcite ; both from Joplin, Jasper County, Missouri : purchased. A large, isolated, twinned crystal of adularia, from Switzerland : purchased. A crystal of erubescite from Frossnitz-Alj^e, Pregratten, Tyrol : purchased. A selection (200 specimens) from the collection formed by Bergrath F. C. L. Koch ; chiefly from the Harz : purchased. 1898. Total acquisitions 255, including : — A large suite of very delicately crystallised specimens of aragonite from the Sterkfontein caves, Barnett, Transvaal : presented by Mr. H. P. Thomasset. Minerals, 385 Sapphires and spinels, from Siam : presented by Mr. IL Warington Smyth. A reticular mass of twinned crystals of cerussite, and other minerals, from Broken Hill, New South Wales : purchased. A long, hexagonal crystal of phenakite, with terminal planes ; from Kragero, Norway : purchased. Large crystals of cryolite, grouped together in parallel position, and other minerals from Greenland : purchased. 1899. Total acquisitions 551, including : — Dodecahedral crystals of argyrodite, encrusting a mass of pyrargyrite ; from Colquechaca, Potosi, Bolivia : presented by Mr. Avelino Aramayo. A large specimen of andorite, encrusted with numerous large crystals ; from Itos Atocha mine, Oruro, Bolivia : presented by Mr. Thomas J. Hooper. A collection (forty-six specimens) of Bolivian minerals, in- cluding augelite, stannite, andorite, wolfsbergite : presented by Sir W. Martin Conway. A specimen of barytes, consisting of seven large, brownish crystals showing zonal growth, on a matrix of dolomite dusted over with red haematite; from Goose Green mine, Frizington, Cumberland : purchased. An isolated twin of rock-crystal (quartz) from Japan : pur- chased. A large, sharply defined, hexagonal prism of green, opaque beryl, from Moss, Christiania Fjord, Norway : purchased. 1900. Total acquisitions 443, including : — About one hundred representative minerals from Japan : presented by Dr. T. Kochibe, Director of the Geological Survey of Japan. A large, scalenohedral crystal of proustite, with a smaller crystal intergrown, of a rich red colour and nearly transparent ; from Chaiiarcillo, Chili : purchased. A large, isolated, twinned crystal of orthoclase, of a grey colour ; from Tvedestrand, Nedeniis, Norway : purchased. VOL. I. 2 c 386 Minerals. A group of cubes of purple fluor, encrusted with brilliant bipyramidal crystals of quartz, on a matrix of dolomite; from Weardale, Durham : purchased. A suite of brilliant crystals of crocoite, of long prismatic habit, some isolated, others confusedly grouped together ; from Dundas, Montagu County, Tasmania : purchased. Stolzite, a large piece of matrix encrusted with crystals of two kinds : — (a) scattered crystals, of pyramidal habit with basal plane, and of a red colour ; (b) a crystalline crust of thin, tabular crystals of a yellow colour ; from Broken Hill, New South Wales : purchased. 1901. Total acquisitions 311, including : — Rare minerals from Greenland : by exchange. Fine beryls and rubellite, from Russia : purchased. Fine suite of calcites and barytes, from Cumberland : pur- chased. A crystal of topaz, weighing 137 lb. (62 kilograms); from Stetersdalen, Norway : purchased. 1902. Total acquisitions 603, including : — A collection of gold tellurides and other gold ores from Western Australia : presented by the Government of Western Australia and various Western Australian companies. A large, yellow crystal of barytes from Dalmellington mine, Frizington, Cumberland : purchased. Calaverite with coloradoite, petzite and tennantite, on a matrix of greenish sericite-schist ; from the Associated Gold Mines of Western Australia, Kalgoorlie, AV. Australia : pur- chased. Albite, quartz and sphene — a large group of crystals on the matrix ; from Ofenhorn, Binnenthal, Switzerland : purchased. An aggregate of very large, white crystals of aragonite, with some sulphur, from Sicily : purchased. A fine group of large, tabular crystals of epidote of a dark green colour, with small crystals of quartz ; from Prince of Wales Island, Alaska : purchased. A suite of tourmalines from California : purchased. Minerals. 387 1903. Total acquisitions 324, including :— A remarkable crystal of wollastonite, in gi'eat part changed into opal, from Santa Fe, Chiapas, Mexico: presented by Mr. H. F. Collins. A magnificent crystal of kunzite, a lilac-coloured variety of spodumene, from California : presented by Major A. H. Davis. An extremely fine group of large rhombohedra of rhodochrosite from Colorado : presented by Mr. C. S. Bement. Fine specimens of cerussite from Broken Hill, New South Wales : presented by Mr. A. L. Lane. An enormous crystal of gadolinite, weighing 211 kilograms, from Sweden : purchased. A series of about 55 specimens, selected from Mr. T. Hoh- mann's private collection of South American minerals, including fine crystals of atacamite, caracolite, paralaurionite, schwarzem- bergite, and specimens of teallite : purchased. A remarkable suite of fine, doubly-terminated and parti- coloured crystals of tourmaline, from California : purchased. A fine suite of large twinned crystals of cinnabar, from Central China : purchased. U c -5 388 Minerals Series B.— ROCKS. The Collection of Rocks is arranged in three main Divisions : — Div. I. The Introductory Series, exhibited in six window- cases (V-X) of the Gallery. The specimens have been selected, arranged and labelled, to serve as an Introduction to the Study of BocJcs. Div. II. The Systematic Collection, exhibited in twelve window- cases (XI-XXII) of the Gallery. The specimens have been selected, arranged and labelled, to serve as examples of the kinds and varieties of Rocks. Div. III. The Topographical Collection, preserved in drawers. The specimens are arranged according to localities. Those specimens which are too large to be placed in the posi- tions proper to them as members of the series, for instance, basaltic columns, are mounted on separate pedestals or are placed in two wall-cases (F, G) of the Gallery. Further, an auxiliary collection of polished slabs of marbles and other ornamental rocks is exhibited in a wall-case (A) of the corridor. Chronological List (1753-1903) referring to Series B. — Rocks. 1764. A table-top inlaid with Vesuvian products : presented by the Earl of Exeter. 1768, 1769, 1772 and 1779. Specimens of lavas, and a series of large polished sections of volcanic bombs from the dolomitic breccias of Monte Somma, Vesuvius : collected and presented by Sir William Hamilton, F.R.S. Minerals^ 389 1811. A collection of about fifty specimens of schists, slates, lime- stones, &c., from the North and East Coast of Australia, made by Captain M. Flinders, R.N., of HM.^. Investigator, in 1801-3 : presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. [See Flinders, Voyage to Terra Australis, London, 1814.] 1816. A small collection of gneisses, schists, &c., made by Dr. C. Smith and Mr. Tudor at the mouth of the Congo in 1816 : presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. [Described by Mr. C. Konig in Captain Tuckey's Narrative of an Expedition to exjjlore the Biver Zaire, usuallij called the CongOj appendix vi, pp. 486-488, London, 1818.] 1820. A series of nepheline-syenites and other rocks from Sierra Leone, collected by Dr. H. Nicoll : presented by Earl Bathurst. 1821. Rock-specimens collected in the Expeditions to the Polar Regions : presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. [A description of the rock-specimens, collected by Sir W. E. Parry during the expedition of 1819-20, was given by Mr. C. Konig in the Quart. Journ. Set., 1823, vol. xv, pp. 11-22.] 1823. Rock-specimens collected by Sir W. E. Parry during his last voyage to the Polar Seas : presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. A large and representative series of volcanic products (lavas and ashes, &c. of various eruptions) from Vesuvius, Ischia and the Campi Flegrei : collected by, and purchased from. Prof. T. Monticelli. 390 Minerals. 1825. A collection of about 70 specimens of granites, sandstones, limestones, basalts, kc, made by Captain Hugh Clapperton in the Soudan : presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. [They were described by Mr. C. Konig in Denham and Clapper- ton's Narrative of Travels and Discoveries in Northern and Central Africa in 1822-24, appendix xxiii, p. 247, London, 1826.] 1826. A collection of about fifty specimens of granites, dolerites, ttc, made by Lieut, (afterwards Rear- Admiral) H. W. Bayfield, R.N"., during a survey of Lake Superior : presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. 1827. Two specimens of flexible sandstone from Itacolumi Moun- tain, Minas Geraes, Brazil : presented by Viscount Strangford. 1829. A collection of about thirty specimens of granites, quartz- felsites, sandstones, (fee, from the Sinai Peninsula : collected and presented by Lord Prudhoe (afterwards Duke of Northumberland). [A list of a duplicate set of these rocks, presented to the Royal Dublin Society by the Duchess of Northumberland, and a description of the journey from Cairo into Arabia Petrsea, during which the specimens were collected, are given in Journal of the Boyal Dublin Society, LS59, vol. ii, pp. 161-175.] 1837. Total acquisitions 147,* including : — A collection of rock-specimens from India (chiefly from the Nilgiri Hills) : presented by Dr. P. M. Benza. About forty specimens of serpentines, dolerites, etc., from the shores of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, sent by Lieut. Bo wen, R.N. : presented by H.R.H. the Duke of Sussex. * The General Kegister of new acquisitions for the Museum was begun in 1837. Minerals, 391 1839. Total acquisitions 1800, including : — A series of 979 specimens of variegated clay from London and the vicinity : presented by Mrs. Swan. About sixty specimens of schists, serpentines, breccias, etc., from Egypt and Arabia Petriea : collected and presented by Sir J. Gardner Wilkinson, F.R.S. 1841. Total acquisitions 305, including : — About 300 specimens of phonolitic and basaltic lavas from the Canary Islands : collected and presented by Mr. P. Barker Webb. [See P. Barker Webb and S. Berthelot, Histoire Naturelle des ties Canaries, Paris, 1839.] 1842. Total acquisitions 205, including : — • A series of polished slabs of marbles from Derbyshire and Staffordshire : purchased. 1844. Total acquisitions 702, including: — The rock-collections made by the Antarctic Expedition of 1839-43 under Sir James Clark Ross, including specimens from Kerguelen Land, Cape Horn, Cockburn Island, South Victoria Land, Tasmania, the Little Island of Trinidad, St. Paul's Rocks and Falkland Islands: presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. [The specimens collected during the three voyages southwards into Antarctic regions have been described by Mr. G. T. Prior in Mineralogical Magazine, 1899, vol. xii, pp. 69-91 ; and those from the Little Island of Trinidad in Mineralogical Magazine, 1900, vol. xii, pp. 317-323.] 1845. Total acquisitions 341, including :— A collection of about 300 specimens of granites, schists, sand- stones, limestones, etc., from South Australia: presented by the Governor, Sir George Grey, K.C.B. 392 Minerals 1846. Total acquisitions 45, including : — A collection of about forty specimens of schists and slates from the Himalayas : presented by the Earl of Aylesford. 1848. Total acquisitions 81, including : — A collection of about fifty specimens of rocks and minerals from north Australia : presented by Sir T. L. Mitchell. Nineteen specimens of rocks and minerals from Aden : pre- sented by the Dii-ectors of the East India Company. 1851. Total acquisitions 45, including : — Rock-specimens collected by the Arctic Expedition of H.M.S. Pioneer: presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. 1855. Total acquisitions 139, including : — ■ Limestones, schists and slates from the mountain ranges of western Persia, and of volcanic rocks from Lake Yan, etc., collected and presented by Mr. W. K. Loftus. [See Quart, Journ. Geol Soc, 1851, vol. vii, p. 263; 1854, vol. x, p. 464; and 1855, vol. xi, p. 247.] 1868. Total acquisitions 356, including : — A series of volcanic rocks of Scotland and the north of England : purchased. 1869. Total acquisitions 336, including : — A series of basalts and phonolitic trachytes containing riebeckite, collected by Dr. W. T. Blanford, F.R.S., during the Abyssinian Expedition of 1868 under Sir Robert Napier: presented by Dr. Blanford. [See Blanford, Observations on the Geology and Zoology of Abyssinia, London, 1870 ; also G. T. Prior, Mineralogical Magazine, 1899, vol. xii, pp. 92-95.] Minerals. 393 About 200 specimens of volcanic rocks from Ireland, collected by Mr. P. Doran : purchased. A series of about 100 specimens of schists and slates, and phonolitic volcanic rocks containing riebeckite and a'girine, collected by Dr. W. Schimper in the neighbourhood of Adowa and Axum, Abyssinia : purchased. [They have been described by Mr. G. T. Prior in Mineralogical 3Icujazine, 1899, vol. xii, pp. 253-273.] 1870. Total acquisitions 121, including: — • A collection of about 100 specimens of volcanic bombs and lavas from the Laacher See : purchased. 1872. Total acquisitions 973, including : — About 900 miscellaneous rock-specimens (chiefly volcanic), from German localities (Rhenish Prussia, Baden, Hesse, Nassau, Saxony) : purchased. 1873. Total acquisitions 303, including : — About 200 specimens of dolerites, schists, conglomerates, etc., from South Africa (Namaqualand, Transvaal, etc.), collected by Mr. E. J. Dunn : by exchange. A supplementary collection (about 100 specimens) of volcanic products from the Laacher See : purchased. 1874. Total acquisitions 288, including : — A small collection of rock-fragments from Mull and Arran, illustrating his papers in the Quart. Joiirn. Geol. Soc, on the Tertiary eruptive rocks of the Western Islands of Scotland : presented by Prof. J. W. Judd, C.B., RR.S. About fifty specimens of basaltic rocks from Fifeshire and Skye : presented by Mr. Thomas Davies. A collection of "Exeter trap" and other volcanic rocks (about thirty specimens) from Devonshire : presented by Mr. W . Yicary. A collection of about thirty-five specimens of volcanic rocks from the Charnwood Forest district, Leicestershire : by exchange. 394 Minerals 1875. Total acquisitions 264-, including : — A collection of rock-specimens illustrating the geology of Newfoundland : by exchange. A collection of Swedish rocks, including specimens of the porphyries of Elfdalen : purchased. 1876. Total acquisitions 1208, including: — About 150 specimens of basaltic lavas, etc., from the Island of Pvodrigues, collected by Prof. I. Bay ley Balfour, F.R.S., during the "Transit of Venus" expedition of 1874-75: presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury. [These rocks were described by Prof. N. S. Maskelyne, in Philosophical Transactions, 1879, vol. clxviii, pp. 296-301.] A collection of about 40 specimens of andesitic rocks from Hungary : presented by Prof. J. Szabo. A large series (500 specimens) of volcanic rocks (andesites, trachytes, basalts, etc.) from Italy, Lipari Islands, Hungary and Bohemia : presented by Prof. J. W. Judd, C.B., F.R.S. A series of large polished slabs of Numidian marbles from the quarries of Fratelli del Monte, Oran, Algiers : presented by Cavaliere Giovanni Battista. A collection of Cornish el vans (70 si3ecimens) : presented by Mr. Thomas Davies. A collection of about 150 specimens of trachytes, basalts and other volcanic rocks from New Zealand : by exchange. A rock-collection (about 100 specimens) from the Transvaal : by exchange. A set of Vesuvian rocks (about 90 specimens) : purchased. 1877. Total acquisitions 3148, including: — A series of andesitic rocks from the districts round Schem- nitz and Kremnitz, Hungary : presented by Prof. J. W. Judd, C.B., F.R.S. A large series of gneisses, schists, slates, limestones, etc., from north Greenland, Grant Land, etc., collected chiefly by Colonel H. W. Feilden during Sir G. S. ISTares's Arctic Expedition of Minerals. 395 1875-76; presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. Specimens of volcanic ash, etc., from the vicinity of Keswick, Cumberland : collected and presented by the Rev. J. Clifton Ward. A series of about thirty specimens of basaltic rocks from the neighbourhood of Edinburgh : presented by Mr. J. H. Sanderson. A large collection (over 2000 specimens) mainly of British igneous rocks, formed by Mr. Samuel Allport, of Birmingham, together with the microscopic sections prepared by him for his petrological researches on British Carboniferous dolerites, etc. : purchased. A large series of Italian minerals and rocks, including marbles from the various quarries in the vicinity of Carrara ; collected by Cavaliere G. P. Jervis : purchased. 1878. Total acquisitions 136, including: — A collection of thirty-six specimens of the pitchstones and quartz-felsites of the Island of Arran : presented by Prof. T. G. Bonney, F.R.S. Rock-specimens from St. Davids, Pembrokeshire, illustrating papers on the Pre-Cambrian rocks of Wales in the Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. : collected and presented by Dr. Henry Hicks, F.R.S. 1879. Total acquisitions 5302, including :— A large collection (about 600 specimens) of volcanic rocks from various European localities (Auvergne, Vosges, etc.) : presented by Mr. H. Ludlam. In this year, owing to new arrangements adopted in regard to the India Museum, London, various rock-collections (about 4500 specimens), chiefly from India, were transferred to the British Museum. The more important are as follows : — A large series (about 500 specimens) of gneisses, schists, limestones, sandstones, basalts, etc., from Gay a, Bhagalpur, Shahabad and Goruckpur : collected by Dr. F. Buchanan (afterwards Hamilton), in 1810-14. A large series (about 300 specimens) of andesitic and 396 Minerals. basaltic lavas, limestones, etc., from Java : collected by Dr. T. Horsfieldin 1816. A large collection of schists, slates, granites, etc., from Kumaon and southern Tibet, made by Captain (afterwards Lieut.-Gen. Sir) R. Strachey, illustrating the geology of part of the Himalayas. (See Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, 1851, vol. vii, p. 292.) Collections of basalts (the Deccan traps), laterite, etc., from Bombay, made by Colonel W. H. Sykes and by Dr. G. Buist. A series of specimens (limestones, sandstones, slates, etc.), illustrating the geology of the Punjab Salt Range and of the Cashmere Hills : collected by Dr. A. Fleming about 1853. A series of rock-specimens collected by the brothers (Hermann, Adolph and Robert von) Schlagintweit when on a scientific mission to India and High Asia, between the years 1854-58. 1880. Total acquisitions 41, including : — A collection of basaltic rocks from the neighbourhood of Burntisland and Kinghorn, Fifeshire : presented by Mr. W. Carruthers, F.R.S. 1881. Total acquisitions 382, including : — An illustrative series of the rocks constituting Dr. Hicks's three divisions of his Pre-Cambrian Group of St. Davids ; and a collection illustrating his papers on the Pre-Cambrian rocks of Ross-shire : presented by Dr. Henry Hicks, F.R.S. [The micro- scopic characters of these rocks were described by Mr. T. Davies in appendices to papers by Dr. Hicks. See Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, 1878, vol. xxxiv; 1879, vol. xxxv ; and 1884, vol. xl ; also Geol Mag., 1880.] A series of specimens from the St. Gotthard Tunnel, with geological tables and sections; collected by Dr. F. M. Stapff: purchased. A collection of about 260 specimens of the basaltic and trachytic lavas of Auvergne : purchased. A large slab of flexible sandstone from 60 miles west of Delhi, India : purchased. Minerals. 397 1882. Total acquisitions 266, including : — A collection of about 250 rock-specimens from Scotland, chiefly from Perthshire and the Island of Arran : presented by the Council of the British Association. 1883. Total acquisitions 167, including: — A series of andesites, dacites, basalts, limestones, etc., from the Salomon Islands : collected and presented by Mr. H. B. Guppy, M.B., Surgeon of H.M.S. Larh 1884. Total acquisitions 85, including : — A collection of the granites of the Harz : purchased. 1885. Total acquisitions 194, including: — Specimens of obsidian and of calcareous and siliceous tufa from the Yellowstone Park, U.S.A. : presented by Mr. \y. Car- ruthers, F.R.S. 1886. Total acquisitions 977, including : — A series of polished specimens of protogine from Mont Blanc : presented by Mr. Richard Fort. A collection of about 150 specimens of granites, dolerites, quartzites, etc., from Western Austraha : presented by Mr. E. T. Hardman. A collection of about 400 specimens of granites, gneisses, schists, etc., from South Australia, including a series of rocks from the Barossa and Echunga Gold-fields : presented by the Government of South Australia. A collection of granulites and schists from Saxony, illustrating Lehmann's Untersuchungen iiher die Entstehung der altl- rij stall in- ischen Schiefergesteine, Bonn, 1884: purchased. A collection of 266 specimens of schists, etc., from the Mont Cenis Tunnel : purchased. 398 Minerals. 1887. Total acquisitions 664, including : — A collection of about eighty typical rock-specimens from Sweden : presented by the Director of the Geological Survey of Sweden. About 200 specimens of phonolites, basalts, etc., from the Island of Fernando Noronha, collected and presented by Mr. H. N. Ridley. [Specimens belonging to this collection have been described by Mr. T. Davies in Journ. Linn. Soc, 1890, vol. xxvii, pp. 86-94, and by Mr. G. T. Prior in Mineralogical Magazine, 1897, vol. xi, pp. 171-75.] A large series (about 400 specimens), of volcanic rocks from Japan : purchased, 1888. Total acquisitions 595, including : — • A series of about 100 specimens of basaltic lavas, etc., from the Azores : purchased. Collections of volcanic rocks from the Malverns, Inner Hebrides, Charnwood Forest and the Lizard : purchased. 1889. Total acquisitions 505, including : — A collection (about 133 specimens) of granites, quartz-felsites, etc., from China and Borneo: presented by Mr. J. W. Bassett- Smith, Surgeon, R.N. About sixty specimens of limestones, schists, etc., collected in Somaliland by Captain S. King during an expedition from Zaila to Mount Eilo : presented by Prof. T. Rupert Jones, F.R.S. [Described by Miss C. A. Raisin in Geological Magazine, 1888, p. 414.] A small collection of granites, felsites, etc., from Sokotra, made by Colonel M. Gosset : presented by Prof. T. Rupert Jones, F.R.S. [Described by Miss C. A. Raisin in Geological Magazine, 1888, p. 504.] A collection of rocks from Madagascar : presented by the Rev. J. Wills. Gneisses, schists, granites and diorites from Guernsey : collected and presented by Mr. B. B. Woodward. A series of volcanic rocks from Germany : purchased. Minerals. 399 1890. Total acquisitions 1050, including : — A collection of about 700 specimens, chiefly of volcanic rocks, made by the Challenger Expedition of 1873-76 ; including specimens from Teneriffe (basalts and phonolites), Cape Verde Islands (basalts, etc.). Island of Fernando Noronha (phonolites, basalts), Ascension Island (trachytes, basalts), Tristan d'Acunha Island (basalts), Falkland Islands (diabase, slates), Marion Island (basalts), Kerguelen Island (basalts, phonolites, etc.), Heard Island (basalts), Fiji Islands (andesites), Banda Island (andesites), Moluccas (andesites), Philippines (andesites, limestones, etc.), Juan Fernandez (basalts), Sandwich Islands (basalts, limestones), St. Paul's Rocks (serpentine), Azores (trachytic lavas), St. Thomas (diorites), Bass Straits (granites) : presented by the Lords Com- missioners of the Admiralty through Sir John Murray, K.C.B., F.R.S. [These rocks have been described by Prof. A. F. Renard in Petrology of Oceanic Islands, Challenger Beports, Physics and Chemistry, 1882, vol. vi, part vii.] A selection from the rock-specimens collected by Deputy Inspector-General R. McCormick, R.ISr., during the Arctic Expe- dition of 1827, the Antarctic Expedition of 1839-43, and the Franklin Search Expedition of 1852-53 : bequeathed. About 50 specimens of basaltic lavas, of various dates, from Mount Etna : purchased. 1891. Total acquisitions 282, including : — A small collection of basaltic lavas from Kilauea, including specimens of the lava stalactites described by Prof. E. S. Dana (Amer. Journ. Sci., 1889, ser. 3, vol. xxxvii, p. 441): presented by Mr. Armstrong Smith. A collection of the metamorphic rocks resulting from the granite-intrusion at New Galloway ; described by Mr. S. Allport and Prof. T. G. Bonney, F.R.S., in Proc. Boy. Soc, 1889, vol. xlvi, p. 193 : presented by Mr. S. Allport. A collection of about 100 small specimens of basaltic and phonolitic lavas from St. Helena: presented by Mr. R. L. Antrobus. [Some of these specimens were described by Mr. G. T. Prior in Mineralogical Magazine, 1903, vol. xiii, p. 256.] A collection of about 50 specimens of the nepheline-syenites and associated camptonitic dykes of ]Montreal : collected and presented by Dr. G. C. Hoffmann. 400 Minerals. 1892. Total acquisitions 526, including : — A collection of about 70 specimens of the cossyrite- and anorthoclase-bearing lavas of Pantelleria : purchased. [Some of these specimens were described by Mr. G. T. Prior in Minera- lojical Magazine, 1903, vol. xiii, p. 254.] A collection of about 1 00 specimens of basaltic and phonolitic lavas from Gran Canaria : purchased. [Some of these specimens were described by Mr. G. T. Prior in 3Iineralogical Magazine, 1903, vol. xiii, p. 255.] A large series (about 200 specimens) of granites, gneisses, schists, limestones, &c., from the Island of Corsica ; collected by Prof. C. de Stefani, of Florence : purchased. A series of polished slabs of modern Continental marbles from France, Belgium, Italy, Spain and Numidia : purchased. 1893. Total acquisitions 700, including : — A series of 369 specimens of British rocks (chiefly volcanic) collected by Mr. S. Allport, together with the microscopic sections prepared by him : purchased. A large series of granites, schists, variolitic diabases, quartz- felsites, &c., from the Island of Elba : purchased. 1894. Total acquisitions 1030, including: — About 100 specimens of sandstones, limestones, shales, rg Giitersloh, Hainholz, Kuleschovha, Mezo-Madaras Uesel, Orange River, Parlograd, Petersburg, Putnam County Salt River, Sanchez Estate, Sarepta, Sere^, Tazewell, Toidou^e, Ti/cson (another specimen of which was pre- sented in 1863 by the Town Authorities of San Iran- cisco), Tula (of which a fragment was presented in IS.,- by Dr. J. Auerbach) and Union County, all of them m the Allan-Greg Collection : purchased. Jeioell Hill (Duel Hill), Nebraska, Nelson County and ^ew Concord: purchased. i i u,r ♦!.« Dhurmsala: two specimens, the one P^^sentetl by the Secretary of State for India, the other by Mr. G. Lennox A^samrFMpiir, Manegaum and Moradahad : presented by the Asiatic Society of Bengid. Pequ: presented by Dr. Thomas Oldham, F.K.S. Alessandria, Cere^^eto, Erxleben, Lissa, Lixna, Luponna<, Scliellin and Zebrah : by exchange. Zaborzika: purchased. Cranbourne: weight 3i tons: presented by ^f^; J'^'"" Bruce; (the mass arrived at the :^ru^eum in lb -a). Butsura, Khiragurh, Mhow, Segou-he and I niballa : pre- sented by the Asiatic Society uf Bengal. Per//i .-presented by Mr. William Ncvill. Nellore and Parnallee : presented by Sir W m. P. Utiu. on, Bd^'iuydiltz, Braliin, Doronm^k, Heredia, Macao, Mainz and^<.I>ems-lFe.s'sing, Marmande, Nagy-Diivina, Kulles, Ohniny, Pittshurg, Santa liosa, Sierra Blanca, Slolodka, Soutli-Eai't Missouri, Stavropol, Tabarz, Trenzano, Uden, Utreclt, Wessehj, W older s Iron, Yanhuitlan: by exchange. Darmstadt and Nublehorougli : piirclia^ed. Agra : presented by Mr. AN'illiam Xevill. Lutschaunig Stone : presented by Mr. Alfred Lutschaunig. Manbhoom : presenteil by Dr. Thomas Oldham, F.E.S. Buschhof, Caney Fork, 'Dakota, Fillistfer, and Tourinnes- la-Gros^e : by exchange. Obernkirchen, Orgu eil, nnd Verkhne-Vdinsk : purchased. Nerft: presented by Professor C. C. A. Grewingk, of Dorpat. Ski: presented by Professor T. Kjerulf, of Christiania. Supuhte: presented by the Secretary of State for India. Copiapo; purchased. Gopalpur and Slierghotty : presented by the Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Jamkheir and Shytal : presented by the Government of India. Knyahinya: presented by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest. Muddoor and Foklira : presented by Dr. Thomas Oldham, F.E.S. Aumale, Bear Creek, Charcaa, Coahuila (the Bonanza Iron); (one of the masses, known as the Butcher Irons, was purchased by the Trustees in 1876), Frankfort (Ky.), Mascombes, Molina, Fampanga, Benazzo, Bussel Gulch and Taney County (Newton County) : by exchange. Barranca Blanca, Cerro Cosina, Hacienda de Bocas and St. Mcmin : purchased. DanieVs Kuil : by exchange. Fultusk (Lerici) .- purchased. Goalpara, Khetri and Fulsora : presented by the Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Kr'dhenberg : presented by Dr. G. Xeumayer, of Hamburg. Vdipi : presented by the Secretary of State for India. Bjelaja Zerkov, Danville, Dolgovoli, Dundrum, Esnandes, Frankfort (Ala.), Juncal, Lodran, Frambanan, Slavetic, Tadjera and Trenton: by exchange. Hassle, Ornans and Victoria West : purchased. Moti-ka-nagla : presented by the Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Auburn and Losttotcn : by exchange. Cle'gue'rec and San Francisco del Mezquital : purchased. Minerals, 409 Year of acquisition. 1871 1872 1873 1875 187G 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 Falls added. 11 of the additional Falb rcijresciited. 10 10 11 C. ILimlin, of Maine, Smit]i'.< Mounfaiii and G. D. Hinriclis, of Iowa, Hungiiriun Academy of Searsmont : presented by Dr. Aug. U.S.A. Staunton: by exchange. Howard County, Ihbenhuhren, Stewart County, by exchang<\ West Liberty: presented by Dr. U.S.A. Zsaddny : presented by the Sciences, Budapest. Angers, Bandong, Beude, Khairpiir, Orvinio, Sanguis and fjahe': by exchange. Lanc^ Bind Oczeretna : purchased. Rowton : presented by the Duke of Cleveland. Shingle Springs: presented by Mr. E. N. Winslow, of Hyannis, ]Mass., U.S.A. Nash County, Vernon County and Waronda : by exchange. Gnrram Konda : transferred from the India ^Museum. Jhung: presented by Mr. A. Brandnth, of Calcutta _ Verhhne-Dnieprovsk : presented by Professor Kouhbmi, of St. Petersburg. /> ., • Dyrdpur, Judesegeri, Nagaria. NedagoUa, Santa Lathanna ami Sitathali : by exchange. Stalldalen: purchased. ^ x- ^ i Cronstad : presented by Mr. John Sanderson, of ^atal. Soho-Banja : by exchange. ^ , , nr Mount Hick^ and Serrania de Varas : presented by Mr. George Hieks, of Xewquay. „ t 7 Butler, Casey County, Cynthiana, Dandapur, Sakorlca, Rochester, Warrenton aud Whitfidd County: by ex- change. FstherviUe : pm-chased. _. , . ., x- n Middlesbrough: presented by the Directors of the North Eastern Railway. . . , aiulafinnee, Lexington County, Smithsonian von and Tieschitz : by exchange. Veramin : presented by the Shah of Persia. Cabeza de Mayo, Cangas de Onis, Gross-Liel>enthal, Huvgen, Kerilis, Mocs, Roda, Sevruhoro, Tennanlm and \ aii- lovlca : by purchase. , , , . r t Ogi • presenter! by Mr. Naotaro Xabcshima, of Japan. Gnadenfrei, Licit Creeh and Nagaya : by excljange. Alfianello, Greenbrier County, Favlovha and Lancho de la 'Vila : purchased. iSouii-Cap-ai -(7e- Qnmzac: by exchange. „ . _^ . Barratta (micro-sections) : presented by ^rofe^gor A Liver.idge, F.R.S., of Sydney. (A fragment of the meteorite was presented by the same donor m l^^'-) Chandpur and Firthalla: presented by the Director of the Geological Survey of India^ Iranpahj presented by IMr. Henry Hanks, of San lIc'^]'bUi': presented by the Governors of the Jamaica Y^uXin: presented by the Rev. Charles G. Nicolay, of Perth, Western Australia. 410 Minerals. Year of acquisition. Falls added. 1886 6 1887 6 1888 14 1889 9 1890 13 189] 25 1892 7 1893 10 1894 11 Names of the additional Falls represented. CliiU (Desfrt of Atacama), Emmittshurg, Kilcino, La Becass^e, Le TeiUeul, refropavlovsk, Quin^ay and Tom- hannock Creek: by exchange. Nejed: purchased. Jennifs Creek : presented by Dr. John N. Tilden, of Xew York State. Nammiaidhal : presented by the Director of the Geological Survey of India. Nenntmanjisdorf : presented by Dr. H. B. Geinitz, of Dresden. Grand Bapids : by exchange. Glorieta Mountain and Independence County : purchased. Djati Pengilon : presented by the Government of the NetherLinds. Lalitpur : presented by the Director of the Geological Survey of India. Ahert Iron and Tysnes : by exchange. Fort Duncan and Scottsville : purchased. Angra dos Reis, Chail, Itapicuru-Mirim, Karakol and Minas Geraes : by exchange. Alatyr, Assist , Auhres, Iron Creek, MornanSy Pavlodar, Poicder Mill Creek, Tahory and Tomatlan : purchased. Bhagur and Kalomhi : presented by the Bombay BraLcli of the Royal Asiatic Society. Cape Girardeau and Utah : by exchange. Bella Boca, Bluff, Cleveland, De^ciibridora and Eagle Station : purchased. Santa Barbara : by exchange. Pirgunje: pait by purchase and part by exchange. Bielokrijnit^xliie, Brcnham Tou-nship, Carlton, Collesripoli, Dona Inez, Farmington, Jtlica, Llano del Inca, Miglieja, Wetland 2inA Winnebago County : purchased. TJiunda : presented by Professor A. Liversidge, F.R.S., of Sydney. BischtUbe, Cabin Creek, Carcote, Coura, Hammond Town- ship, Holland's Store, Ilimae, Laurens County, Linnville Mountain, Mazopil, Nagy-Vdzsony, Pacula, Schonenbergy Ssyromolotovo and Summit: by exchange. Baldohn, Cation Diablo, Croiv Creek, Jamestoicn, Kendall County, Meroditas, Pipe Creek, Puquios and Waldron Ridge: purchased. Kahangarai : presented by the Director of the Geological Survey of India. Fukntomi, Jodzie, Sao Julido de Moreira, Toubil Eiver (Taiga) and Yemhigaliara: by exchange. Indarh : purchased. Cachiuyal and Montlivault : by exchange. Aleppo, Bath, Beaver Creek, Croes Boad^, Kenton Countyy Ke>:en, Lundygdrd and Virba : purcliased. Bherai : presented by the Xawab of Junagadh, India. Makariwa: pretented by Professor G, H. F. Ulrich, of Duuedin, Xew Zealand. Bridgeicater, Codilla Peak, Hex Biver Mountains, Morris- town, Oroville and Piairie Dog Creek : by excbange. McKinney, Pan de Azucar and Plymouth : purchased. Minerals. 411 Year of Falls acquisition, added. 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 I 7 11 10 H 16 1902 Names of Ibe additional Falls represeutcd. 13 1903 18 Total Falls 55iJ Bishimpnr and Bori : presented by the Director of the Geologieal Survey of India. Concepcion: presented by Mr. W. Taylor, of KIgin, N'.I). Launfon and Zabrodje : purchasLMl. Ambapur Nagla : presented by the Director of the Geo- logical Survey of India. Madrid : presented by Don INIiguel Merino, of ^Madrid. BalUnoo, Canton, CaiAtan Ihinrfe, Fisher, Kohdad, Lahorely Lesve>t, Long Island and Sacramento Mountains: pur- chased. Nawalpali: presented by the Director of the (ieologic;il Survey of India. Arlington, Forsyth County, Locust Grove, Ngairt, Mooranoppin, Mnngindi, Xocoleche, lioehourne and Thurlow : purchased. Gamhat: presented by the Director of the Geological Survey of India. AugustinovJca, Ottaica, Fricetown and Zavid : by ex- change. Kansada, Langon, Mount Joy, Mount Stirling, Oscuro Mountain, Rosario, San Angdo, Hactschemhoje and Tonganoxie : purchased. Caperr: presented by Dr. F. P. Moreno, of La Flatti Sluseum. El Ranchito (Bacubirito) : presented by ^Ir. 0. II. Howarth, of London. Zomba: presented by Sir A. Sharpo, C.B., 1v.C.:M.G., His Majesty's Commissioner for Biitisli Central Africa, Mr. J. F. Cunningham, and Mr. J. ^McClounie. Allegan, Central Missouri, Deep Springs. Ellenbor»\ Hayden Creels, Higa^hi Koen, Indian Valley Toirnship, La Frimitiva, Luis Lopez, Meuselbach, Murphy, Xess Citij and Tombigbee River : purcliased. Cacaria,Chupaderos, Illinois Gii'ch, Mart, Moder.Hma, Xagij Borove', Oakley and St. Generiere County: parcliased. Dotiga Kohrod and Kodaihanal : presented by the Director of the Geological Survty of India. Guarena, hidio Rico, Niagara and Surprise Springs: by exchange. Casas Grandes: ■pnrchascdi. Sindhri: presented by the Director of the Geological Survey of India. Algoma, Bjurbole and Tarapaca : by exchan-e. ^ _ Admire, Apoala, Crumlin, Cuernavam, Frjhen, Gilgom^ N Goureyma, Nochtuisk arxi] Rhine Villa: imrchnsed. Carata^h: piesented by His Highness Kiamil Pasha.^ Andover, Linum, Mount Browne, Mount Dyrring, Falezieux, Saline Toicnship, San Cristohd, Sena, Sierra de h» Ternera and Toke-ucld-mura : by exchange. _ Ari^pe, Bath Furnace, Finmarhen, Francedlh; llnttt<, Marjalahti and Reed City : puichased. 412 ^[inerals. 3. Alphabetical List of the more important Contributors TO THE Collection of Minerals, Rocks and Meteorites in the Department of Minerals. His Majesty King George the Fourth. [1762-1830] Presented, in 1828, a collection of chcdce specimens from the Harz Mountains ; the large groups of crystals of calcite and pyrargyrite being especially fine. H.R.H. Albert, Prince Consort. [1819-1861] Presented, in 1847, an enormous group of large, colourless, prismatic crystals of gypsum, from Reinhardsbrunn, Gotha, Germany. H.R.H. Augustus Frederick, Buhe of Sussex. [1773-1843] President of the Pioyal Society [1830-1838], and Trustee of the British Museum. Presented, in 1837, about 40 sppcimens of serpentines, dolerites, etc., from the shores of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, sent by Lieut. Bowen, R.N. Admiralty, Lords Commissioners of the. Presented, in the years 1811, 1816, 1821, 1823, 1825, 1826, 1844, 1851, 1877 and 1890, various rock-collections, obtained by exploring expeditions sent out by Great Britain ; also, in 1819, small fragments of the Melville Bay meteorite (Ross's Iron). Alabaster (Henry). Presented, in 1870, crystals of sapphire and zircon from Siam. Alibert (Iv. P.). Presented, in 1864, with other Siberian specimens, a l^rge mass of grai)hite from the Alibert mine, near Battugol, Irkutsk ; a large polished boulder of jade, weighing 1156 lb. (524*4 kilograms), from the same district, was purchased from him in 1863. Allan (Thomas). [1777-1833] Thomas Allan, F.R.S., an Edinburgh banker, devoted his leisure to mineralog}^, and began the formation of what was ultimately the finest private collection of minerals in England. Many specimens were collected by him in England, Ireland, Fiance, Faroe Is^lands, etc. ; others were given to, or exchanged with, him by all the well-known mineralogists iind collectors of the day. He acquired Giesecke's {q.v.) collection of Greenland minerals. In the enrichment and arrangement ot his collection, Allan was much assisted by Haidinger {q.v.), more especially during the years 1823-1826, whilst the latter was resident in Edinburgh; much of the material mentioned in Haidinger's earlier papers belonged to this ■collection. After Allan's death the collection was purchased by K. H. Greg {q.v.), from whom it was purchased by the Trustees in 1860. Minerals. 413 Allport (Samuel). [1816-1897] On Ms return from Brazil, Allport settled in Birmingham and gave his spare time to petrographical researches. His collection of over 2000 specimens, mainly of British igneous rocks, together with the microscopic sections prepared by him for his researches on British Carboniferous dolerites, was purchased in 1877. Further smaller collections were presented by him in 1891 and 1893. Antrobus (R. L.). Presented, in 1891, a collection of about 100 small specimens of basaltic and phonolitic lavas from St. Helena. Aramayo (Felix Avelino). Bolivian Minister in London [1898-1903]. Presented, in 1899, crystals of argyrodite, encrusting a mass of pyrargyrite, from Bolivia. Arny (F. M.). Presented, in 1880, various minerals from New Mexico, including turquoise and gold. Asiatic Society of Bengal. Presented, in 1861, fiagments of the Assam, Futtehpur, Manegaum and Moradabad meteorites; and, in 1862, of the BiUsura, Khiragurh, 3Ihow, Segoiulie and Umhcdla meteorites. Atkins {Mrs. Anna). Presented, in 1871, childrenite and several other minerals from the collection of her father, J. G. Children {q.v.). Auerbach {Dr. Johann Alexander). [1815-1867] Keeper of Minerals in the Topographical Institute of Moscow. Presented, in 1862, a fragment of the Tula meteorite. Austrian Government. Presented, in 1862, a sharply developed, perfectly transparent and colourless, cube of salt (halite) on the matrix, from Galicia. Ava {King of). ^See BuRNEY (Lieut.-Col. H.) and Symes (Col. Michael). Aylesford (Louise, Countess of). [?-1832] Made an extensive collection of minerals, which, after her death, passed into the possession of Henry Heuland, mineral dealer of London ; from him many choice specimens, selected from this collection, were purchased by the Trustees in 1834 and subsequent years; the two-volume manuscript catalogue of the Aylesford collection is now preserved in ^ the Mineral Department. Aylesford (Heneage, 5^^ Earl of). [1786-1859] Son of the Countess of Aylesford mentioned above. Presented, in 1845, a group of crystals of mellite on lignite from Thuringia ; and, in 1846, a collection of about forty specimens of schists and slates from the Himalayas. 414 Minerals, Backstrom {JDr. Helge Mattias). [1865- ] Professor of mineralogy in the Hogskola, Stockholm. Presented, in 1900, a large polished slab of orbicular granite from Kortfors, Orebro, Sweden. Baddeley (Joseph). Brought back from Ceylon various mineral specimens, which he presented in 1891 ; one of them was afterwards found to be a new species, and was named baddeleyite. Balfour {Prof. Isaac Bayley). [1853- ] Collected specimens of basaltic lavas, etc., from the Island of Piodrigues, during the " Transit of Venus " expedition of 1874-1875 ; they were presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury in 1876. Banks (Henry). Presented, in 1820, several specimens of graphite, showing the mineral in different kinds of matrix, from Borrowdale, Cumberland. Banks {Sir Joseph, Bart). [1743-1820] President of the Eoyal Society [1778-1820], and Trustee of the British Museum. Presented various specimens ; among them, in 1802 and 1803, frag- ments of the K/'ciJihut, Wold Cottage, and Siena meteorites ; in 1812, a specimen of surturbrand from Iceland ; in 1813, a small nugget of gold, weighing 57 grains (6 * 69 grams), from County Wicklow ; and, in 1817, yttrotantalite from Sweden. Baring (Thomas). Presented, in 1849, a large group of small twin-crystals of calcite, from Bermuda. Basset- Smith (Percy William). Surgeon in the Pioyal Navy. Presented, in 1889, a collection (about 130 specimens) of granites, quartz-felsites, etc., from China and Borneo. Bathnrst (Henry, 3rd Earl). [1762-1834] Presented, in 1820, a series of nepheline-syenites and other rocks collected by Dr. H. Nicoll in Sierra Leone. Battista {Gavaliere Giovanni). Presented, in 1876, a series of large polished slabs of Numidian marbles from the quarries of Fratelli del Monte, Gran, Algiers. Bauer (F.). Presented, in 1811, a specimen of platinum from South America. Bayfield {Bear-Admiral H. W.). For upwards of a quarter of a century in command of the survey of the Gulf of, and the liiver, St. Lawrence. ; Collected during a survey of Lake Superior a series of granites, dolerites, etc. ; the specimens (about fifty) were presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty in 1826. Minerals. 415 Bement (Clarence S.). Presented, ia 1882, a large, colourless, transparent, doubly terminated crystal of quartz, from Switzerlind; and, in 1903, an extremely fine group of large rliombohe'lra of rhodochrosite from Colorado. His fine collection of unusually perfect mineral specimens was pur- ciiased in 1900 for the American Museum of Natural Uistory. Bengal, Asiatic Society of. See Asiatic Society of Bengal. Benza (Dr. P. M.). Presented, in 1837 and 1842, various minerals and rocks from India. Berkley (James John). [1819-1862] Chief Engineer of the Great Indian Peninsula Eaihvay. Presented, in 1860 and 1861, an extensive series of beautifully crystallised zeolites from the railway cuttings in the Syhadree Mountains, Bombay. Beroldingen (Franz Colestin, Baron von). [1740-1798] Baron von Beroldingen, a Swiss by birth, spent most of his life in Hanover and Khenish Bavaria, where he held various ecclesiastical appointments. He travelled much for the sake of increasing his know- ledge of mineralogy and geology, and amassed a large number of mineral an(f other specimens. His collection of minerals, consisting of about 14000 specimens, was inherited by his nephew, Count von Beroldingen, and purchased from the latter in 1816. The specimens are small in size and of mediocre quality, but at the time of acquisition they filled gaps in the Museum collection, and in addition had some interest as illustrating the ideas developed by the collector in his published works— more espe- cially his "Bemerkungen auf einer Pteise durch die Pfiilzischen und Zweybriickschen Quecksilber-Bergwerke," published in 1778. A manu- script German catalogue in two volumes is preserved in the Department. Beroldingen (Joseph Ignace, Count von). [1780-?] Nephew of Baron von Beroldingen, mentioned above; Wiirtemberg Minister in London. His uncle's collection was purchased from him in 1816. Berzelius {Prof. Jons Jacob). [1779-1848] The famous Swedish chemist. Presented, in 1817, specimens of berzelianite, yttrocerite, and other Swedish minerals. The British Museum Collection of Minerals was arranged for many years according to Berzelius's chemical system. Blot {Frof. Jean Baptiste). [1774-1862] Distinguished as a physicist. Presented, in 1804, one of the VA'kjU meteoric stones. Birley {Miss Caroline). Owner of a valuable collection of fossils and minerals. Presented, in 1896, a large cube of purple fluor from Weardale, Durham ; and also various specimens at other times. Blake {Dr.). Presented, in 1819, a fragment of the LimerlcJc meteorite. 41 6 Minerals, Blanford {Br. William Thomas). [1832- ] Late of the Geological Survey of India; in 1868 accompanied to Abyssinia, as geologist, the army commanded by Lord (then Sir Robert) Napier, and collected a series of rock-specimens, which he presented in 1869. (The specimens are described in his book, " Observations on the Geology and Zoology of Abyssinia," London, 1870 ; some also by Mr. G. T. Prior in the *' Mineralogical Magazine," 1899, vol. xii, pp. 92-95). Bollaert (W.). Presented, in 1857, two small fragments of the Imilac meteorite. Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. Presented, in 1889, fragments of the Bliagur and Kalambi meteorites. The Ptoyal Asiatic Society (of London) has founded several branches in India, which must not be confounded with the Asiatic Society of Bengal (q.v.). Bonney {Prof. Thomas George). [1833- ] Professor of geology at University College, London [1876-1901]. Presented, in 1878, a collection of pitchstones and quartz-felsites from the Island of Arran, and has published descriptions of several collections of rocks presented to the Museum. Born (IGNAZ, Baron von). [1742-1791] The collection formed by Baron von Born, and described by him in the Lithoijliylacium, was purchased by Greville {q.v.); it formed the nucleus of the latter's collection, which was purchased from the heirs-at- law by the Trustees in 1810. BoTirnon (Jacques Louis, Count de). [1751-1825] Owing to the political unrest in France, Count de Bournon was long resident In England, where he obtained employment in connection with several mmeral collections. From 1794-1806 he gave much of his time to the arrangement of the Greville collection. The mineral bournonite is named after him. Bo wen {Lieut. B.N.). Sent about forty rock-specimens from the shores of the Gulf of St. Lawrence ; the specimens were presented to the Trustees by H.R.H. the Duke of Sussex in 1837. Brandreth (A.). Presented, in 1877, a fragment of the Jliuiig meteorite. Brandreth (E. L.). Presented, in 1868, a large mass of salt (hahte) from Salt Range, Punjab, India. Bright (Benjamin). [?-1900] See Bright (Richard). Bright (Benjamin Heywood). [1787-1843] See Beight (Richard). Minerals, 417 Bright (Richard). [1754-1840] Richard Bright, senior, was a merchant and banker in Bristol, and resided at Ham Green, on the Avon, near that city. A commercial connection with the mines of Cornwall made him early a collector of minerals and fossils. His second son, Benjamin Heyvvood [1787-1843], added to the collection ; the latter's only son, Benjamin ['?-1900], presented it to the Trustees in 1873. British minerals, especially celestite, gothite, agate, etc., from the neighbourhood of Bristol are well represented in the coUectioo. Of foreign minerals, si)ecial mention may be made of red corundum from St. Gotthard, and large crystals of idocrase from Egg, Norway. British Association, Council of the. Presented, in 1882, a collection of about 250 rock-specimens from Scotland. Brogger (Prof. Waldemar Christopher). [1851- ] Distinguished as a geologist and mineralogist. Presented, in 1895, a specimen of broggerite, from Moss, Norway ; a collection of rock-specimens from the Christiania district, illustrating descriptions by him {Eruptivgesteine des KristianiagehieteSj I., 1894 ; II., 1895 ; III., 1898), was purchased from a dealer in 1900. Bruce (Prof. Archibald). [1777-1818] Presented, in 1811, a specimen of chrysoberyl from Greenfield, New York ; and, in 1814, a fragment of the Bed River meteorite. Bruce (James). Presented, in 1862, the large Cranbourne meteorite, weighing 3| tons, which arrived at the Museum in 1865 ; it is by far the largest meteorite in the collection. Brukowsky (J.). Presented, in 1884, various gem-stones, mostly faceted. Buchanan, afterwards Hamilton {Dr. Francis). [1762- 1829] Distinguished as a botanist. Collected, in 1810-1814, a large series of rocks from Gaya, Bhagalpur, Shahabad and Goruckpur ; the specimens were incorporated in the India Museum and transferred to the British Museum in 1879. Buckland {Prof William, Bean of Westminster). [1784-1856] Presented, in 1823, a specimen of aragonite from Buckfastleigh, Devonshire. Budapest, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Presented, in 1867 and 1875 respectively, fragments of the Knyaliiiiya and Zsadday meteorites. Buie (James). Presented, in 1898, a large series of rock-speciincns which he had collected to illustrate the geology of the neighbour hood of Portsoy, Banffshire. VOL. I. 2 E 418 Minerals. Buist {Dr. G.). Collected basalts (the Deccan traps), laterite, etc., from Bombay ; tbe specimens were incorporated with the India Museum and in 1879 trans- ferred to the British Museum. Burney {Lieut.-Col. H.). Presented, in 1841, a cup of jadeite, which had been given to him by the King of Ava. Calcutta, Trustees of the Indian Museum. Presented, in 1867, fragments of the Gopalpur and STiergliotty meteorites, and, in 1870, of the Muti-ka-nagla meteorite. Caldcleugh (Alexander). Presented, in 1822, a specimen of silver in calcite from Chili. Campbell {Lord Colin). [1853- ] Presented, in 1894, a series of crystalline limestones and granulites, which he had collected in Ceylon. Campbell (James R.). On the death of Mr. Campbell, of Cheltenham, the Trustees were permitted to make a selection from the well-chosen mineral specimens, upwards of 3000 in number, which had been brought together by him ; as a result nearly 500 specimens were purchased in 1861 and 1862, and further three remarkable specimens were presented by his widow, one of the latter being a radiating group of crystals of erythrite, of a rich crimson colour, on a matrix of crystallised quartz, from Schneeberg in Saxony. Carruthers (William). [1830- ] Keeper of the Botanical Department of the British Museum [1871- 1895]. Presented, in 1880, a collection of basaltic rocks from the neighbour- hood of Burntisland and Kinghorn, Fifeshire; and, in 1885, specimens of obsidian and of calcareous and siliceous tufa from the Yellowstone Park, U.S.A. Cathcart (Charles Murray, 2nd Earl of). [1783-1859] Discoverer, in 1841, of a new mineral, found in excavating the Bishopton Tunnel near Port Glasgow, to which after him (Lord Greenock, as he then was) the name of greenockite was given. Presented, in 1844, three specimens of the mineral. Cautley {Sir Proby Thomas). [1802-1871] Projector and constructor of the Ganges Canal. Presented, m 1843, a fragment of the Akharpur meteorite. Charlesworth (Edward). [1813-1893] Presented, in 1839, a specimen of the Cold Bokkeveld meteorite. Charleton, or Charlton (William). >5'ee CouKTEN (William). Minerals, 419 Children (John George). [1777-1852] Keeper of the Zoological Department of the Britisli :\Iiiseum TISOT- 1840]. ^ Presented, in 1817, a fragment of the Moore^fort meteorite. In 1871, after his death, childrenite and several other miueral specimens from his collection were presented by his daughter, Mrs. Atkins.' Christie (H.). Presented, in 1812, a specimen of tscheffkinite frcm Ihiien Mountains, Eussia. Church (Arthur Herbert). [1834- ] Professor of chemistry at the Koyal Academy. Presented many specimens, including (1881) a group of crystals of uranocircite from Falkenstein, Saxony. Clapperton {Capt Hugh, B.N.). [1788-1827] Collected (1822-1824) a series of granites, sandstones, limestones, basalts, etc., in the Soudan ; the specimens (about 70) were presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty in 1825. Cleveland (Harry George, itl Duke of). [1803-1891] Presented, in 1876, the Bowton meteorite. Cliffe {Br. Jos6 Estevao). Presented, in 1837, gold, diamond and other minerals from Brazil. Cogswell {Br. A. C). Presented, in 1861, 40 specimens of zeolites from Nova Scotia. Collins (Arthur Launcelot). [1868-1902] Mining engineer. Presented, in 1891, a large crystal of sphene from Risor, Norway. Collins (Henry F.). Mining engineer. Presented, in 1903, a remarkable crystal of wollastonite, in great part changed into opal, from Santa Fe, Chiapas, Mexico. Compton {Earl, afterwards '2nd Marquess of Northam^pton). See Northampton (Spencer Joshua Alvvyne, 2nd Marquess of). Conway {Sir William Martin). [1856- ] Slade professor of Fine Art at the University of Cambridge, and a well-known explorer. Presented, in 1897, a series (about 300 small specimens) of rocks and minerals from the Karakoram Himalayas ; in 1890, a collection (46 specimens) of Bolivian minerals; and, in 1901, a series of rock- specimens from the Bolivian Andes. Conyngham (G. Lennox). Presented, in 1861, a fragment of the Dhurmsala meteorite. Cook, afterwards Widdrington {Cai^t. Samuel Edward, R.N.), [?-1856] Presented, in 1831, a specimen of malachite from Linai e^, Spain. 420 Minerals. Cotter {Miss G. E.). Presented, in 1876, a remarkable specimen of quartz (" cotterite ") discovered by her in Rock Forest, Coimty Cork. Courten, otherwise Charleton, or Charlton (William). [1642-1702] William Courten came of a family which, especially during the life- time of his grandfather. Sir William Courten, occupied a pre-eminent position amongst the great mercantile traders of the day, but which about the date of his birth met with misfortune, mainly owing to political disturb- ances. William Courten himself seems to have had little or no disposition for mercantile affairs. To avoid the turmoil caused by the litigation for and against the family estates, he retired to Montpelier, and, dropping his own name, assumed that of Charleton (or Charlton). Here he devoted himself to the enrichment of his museum, which, on his return to England after fourteen years' absence, he arranged in ten rooms in the Middle Temple. At his death his large collections passed to Sir Hans Sloane (q.v.), his residuary legatee. Cowper (Sydney). Presented, in 1886, a large slab of golden-yellow cat's-eye (quartz), and another of blue, asbestiform crocidolite, from the Asbestos Mountains, South Africa. Cracherode {Bev. Clayton Mordaunt). [1730-1799] Trustee of the British Museum [1784-1799]. A member of an ancient family, long resident in Essex, Cracherode passed most of his life in London. Although he took orders in the English Church, and held for a time the curacy of Binsey, near Oxford, he neither sought nor obtained further preferment, but devoted all his leisure to amassing a fine collection of books, prints, coins, medals, gems, minerals and shells, all of which came to the Museum by bequest in 1799. Many of the mineral specimens were choice examples, and their cost to the collector had been considerable. A detailed manuscript catalogue of the collection is preserved in the Department. Special mention may be made of : —polished slabs of labradorite and lapis lazuli ; crystallised specimens of blende, tetrahedrite, argentite, pyrargyrite and heulandite. Cunningham (J. F.). Presented, in 1899, one of the Zomha meteoric stones. Cust (L.). Presented, in 1894, 36 specimens, mostly English, from the mineral collection made by his mother, Lady Cust. Dana (Edward Salisbury). [1849- ] Professor of physics and curator of mineralogy at Yale University. Presented, in 1878, specimens of the newly-discovered minerals eosphorite, triploidite, dickinsonite and lithiophilite from Branchville, Connecticut. Davies (Thomas). [1837-1892] Assistant in the Mineral Department of the British Museum [1862- 1892]. Presented, in 1874, about 50 specimens of basaltic rocks from Fifeshire and Skye ; and many other specimens in subsequent years. Minerals. 421 Davis {Major Alexander Henry). Presented, in 1903, a magnificent crystal of kunzite, a lilac-culoured variety of spodumene, from California. Denison {Sir William Thomas, K.C.B.). [1804-1871] Governor of Madras [1861-1866]. Presented, in 1862, the Nellore and Parnallee meteorites. Des Cloizeaux (Alfred Louis Olivier Legrand). [1817- 1897] Professor of mineralogy at the Natural History Museum, Paris. Presented, in 1879, senarmontite, several large colourless octahedra on the matrix, from Mine d'Hamimad, Constantine, Algeria. Devonshire (William George Spencer, 6er Queen mine, Bisbee, Arizona; and, in 1896, crystallised masses and groups of chessylite and malachite from the same locality. D'Oyly {Bev. George, B.D.). [1778-1846] Brother of Sir John D'Oyly, Bart., who htld various high official positions in Ceylon, and doubtless sent over the mineral specimens from Ceylon, which Dr. D'Oyly presented in 1827. Dudgeon (Patrick). [1817-1894] One of the founders of the Mineralogical Society; gave to the Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art his large collection of mineral.*, which was especially rich iu Scottish specimens. Presented, in 1858, zeolites and other minerals from Scotland and the Faroe Islands ; and, in 1882, leadhillite, hemimorphite, etc., from Lead- hills and Wanlockhead, amazon stone from Tongue, Sutherlandshire, and other minerals. Duncan (John). Presented, in 1782, a specimen of malachite from China. Dunn (Edward John). About 200 specimens of dolerites, schists, conglomerate?, etc., from South Africa (Namaqualand, Transvaal, etc.), collected by him, were obtained by exchange in 1873. Durazzo {Marchese Ippolito). [1754-1818] Mineralogist and afterwards botanist, of Genoa. His collection of minerals was probably acquired by Grevillo (7.V.) ; an undated manuscript catalogue of the collection is preserved in the Department. (The epoch of formation of the collection and catalogue is roughly indicated by the system of classification, which is the one published by Cronstedt in 1758.) 422 Minerals, East India Company, Directors of the. Presented, in 1848, 19 specimens of rocks and minerals from Aden. (After the Mutiny the powers of the Company were taken over by the Crown in 1858. Hence, for specimens presented at a later date, see India, Secretary of State for.) Eck (F. A.). Presented, in 1882, chlorargyrite, native silver, argentopyrite, and other minerals, from Chili. Ecton Mine, Proprietors of the. Presented, in 1885, large, dark, scalenohedral crystals of calcite, enclosing copper-pyrites, from Ecton mine. Leek, Staffordshire. Egerton {Sir Philip Malpas de Grey, Bart). [1806-1881] Trustee of the British Museum ; much interested in geology, especially fossil fishes. Presented, in 1840, crystallised vivianite, contained in the interior of an Irish deer's tooth, Irom Ireland. Elliot (George Francis Scott). Botanist. Presented, in 1896, about 100 specimens of gneisses, schists, dolerites, etc., which he had collected in Sierra Leone; and, in 1900, about 150 specimens of schists, sandstones, phonolitic rocks, etc., which he had collected in British East Africa. Evans {Br. John William). Geologist. Presented, in 1894, about 100 specimens of sandstones, limestones, shales, etc., which he had collected in Matto Grosso, Brazil. Exeter (Brownlow, Wi Earl of). [1725-1793] Presented, in 1764, a table-top inlaid with Yesuvian products; and, in 1765, a polished oval slab of brown and yellow jasper. Feilden {Col. Henry Wemyss, C.B.). [1838- ] Collected a large series of gneisses, schists, slates, limestones, etc., from north Greenland, during Sir G. S. Nares's Arctic Expedition of 1875-1876 ; the specimens were presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Ad- miralty in 1877. Fergusson (Malcolm). Collected a series of about 50 specimens of schists, felsites, phonolites, etc., from Tropical Easr Africa ; the specimens w^ere presented by the Lake Tanganyika Expedition Committee in 1900. FitzGerald (Edward Arthur). [1871- ] Climber and explorer. Presented (with Mr. S. Vines), in 1899, a series (about 60 specimens) of andesitic lavas, etc., which they had collected in the Andes. Fleming {Br. Andrew). Collected, about the year 1853, a series of specimens (limestones, sandstones, slates, etc.), illustrating the geology of the Punjab Salt Range and of the Cashmere Hills ; the specimens were incorporated in the India Museum, and transferred to the British Museum in 1879. Minerals. 423 Plinders {Ca^t. Matthew, H.N.). [1774-1814] Hydrographer and discoverer. Collected a series of schists, slates, limestones, etc., on the north and €ast coasts of Australia in 1801-1803 ; the specimens (about 50) were presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty in 1811. Tort (Richard). [1856- ] Presented, in 1886, a series of polished specimens of protogine from Mont Blanc. Oeinitz {Br. Hanns Bruno). [1814-1900] Director of the Koyal Mineralogical Maseum at Dresden [1857-1900]. Presented, in 1886, a fragment of the Nenntmannsdorf meteorite. Giesecke (Charles Lewis). [1761-1833] Carl Ludwig Metzler (afterwards Giesecke) collected minerals during a six years' residence in Greenland. In 1811, the ship containing the specimens collected by him was captured by a French privateer, retaken by an English frigate, and with its cargo sold by auction at Leith ; many of the specimens were acquired by Thomas Allan {q.v.). In 1813, Giesecke returned from Greenland with another collection, and visited Allan at Edinburgh. Through the latter's instrumentality, he was shortly afterwards appointed director of the Museum of the Royal Dublin Society. Gosset {Col. M.). See Jones {Prof. Thomas Rupert). Gravine (G.). Presented, in 1838, twenty-four Sicilian ambers. Great Britain and Ireland; Director of the Geological Survey of. Presented, in 1903, a collection of rock-specimens from the Assynt district, Satherlandshire. Great Laxey Mine, Proprietors of the. Presented, in 1851, a very large group of crystals of galena with rhombohedra of calcite and some blende, from the mine. Greg (Robert Hyde). [1795-1875] After the death of Thomas Allan (^.v.), his mineral collection was privately purchased in 1835 from his executors through Prof. 1 rail, ol Edinburgh, by Robert Hyde Gr.g, a Manchester merchant, to whose residence, Norcliffe Hall, Cheshire, the collection was moved in the lollow- ing year, 1836. E. H. Greg, although possessed of some knowledge ot mfueralogy, was better known as an economist and antiquary, and tor some years after it came into his possession no additions ^^ere niade to the collection. His son, Robert Philips [1826- , took up the subject with great vigour, and for three years, 1848-1851, sP^'^t f.^^^^^^^'^^^^^ sums in bringing the collection up to date by the acquisi ion ot new specimens, mSstfy through various dealers R. P. Greg ^^ ^ "kno^n to liineralogists as joint author with W. G. Lettsom of a " M.nual of he Mineralogy of Great Britain and Ireland" published ^° ^.f ;;^| J ^^'^^ contains many allusions to specimens in the Allan-Greg col ctK.n In 1860, the collection was purchased by the Trustees from R. U. C^re, 424 Minerals, thr-ough his son. It consisted at that date of about 9000 specimens, all of which were numbered and arranged. Its series of British minerals, with the exception of Cornish specimens, was the finest known. The collection was also rich in Norwegian minerals, and the series of chessy- lite and idocrase were extraordinarily good. It also included specimeiis of twenty-seven meteorites which were at that time unrepresented in the Museum. Greg (Robert Philips). [1826- ] Son of Kobert Hyde Greg ((/.v.). Gregory (James Reynolds). [1832-1900] Mineral dealer, of London. A selection (58 specimens) of faceted stones (sphene, spinel, sapphire, zircon, etc.) was purchased from his collection in 1889. Gregory (John Walter). [1864- ] Assistant in the Greological Department of the British Museum [1887- 1900] ; professor of geology and mineralogy at the University of Melbourne since 1900 ; director of the Geological Survey of Victoria since 1901. Presented, in 1895, variolitic diabases collected by him in the Fichtelgebirge, and schists and variolites collected by him in the Cottian Alps ; and, in 1900, a series of rock-specimens collected by him during his expedition to Mount Kenya in 1892-1893. Grenville (William Wyndham, Baron). [1759-1834] Distinguished as a statesman. Presented 189 specimens of Peruvian minerals, chiefxy ores, in 1809 ; a manuscript list of them, received at the same time, is preserved in the Department. Greville {Bt. Eon. Charles Francis, B.C.), [1749-1809] The Ptt. Hon. Charles Greville, P.O., F.R.S., of London, son of the first Earl of Warwick, and nephew of Sir William Hamilton, died intestate in the year 1809, and it became necessaiy to realise his property for division among his next-of-kin. The property included a collection of minerals which he had been forming for more than thirty years, and had arranged in his house at Paddington Green. Its nucleus was the collection of Baron von Born {(l.v.), which was purchased from him by Greville, To this was probably added the collection of the Marchese Ippolito Durazzo {q.v.). Between 1794 and 1806 Count de Bournon {q.v.) gave much time to the arrangement of Greville's collection, and during the same period gave advice as regarded further acquisitions. The collection became eventually the finest assemblage of minerals which had been seen in England, and was declared by English mineralogists and Count de Bournon in 1810 to be in most parts equal, and in many parts superior,, to the best Continental collections. A sum of money w as specially voted by Parliament for the purchase of the collection, numbering about 1480O specimens, for the British Museum. The faceted stones of the Greville collection did not form part of this purchase, but had been disposed of separately; but the precious stones in their native condition were well represented ; there were fine series of crystallised diamond, ruby, sapphire, emerald, topaz, and rubellite. It also included fragments of the following meteorites: — Barbotan, Cape of Good Hope, Elbogen, Enshheim, Salles, Tahor find Weston, all of which had been unrepresented in the Museum Collection. Minerals, 425 Grewingk (Constantin Caspar Andreas). [1819-1887] Professor of mineralogy at the University of Dorpat [1857-1887]. Presented, in 1865, a fragment of the Nerft meteorite. Grey {Sir George, K.C.B.). [1812-1898] A famous explorer and statesman. Presented, in 1845, a collection (about 300 specimens) of granitos, schists, sandstones, limestones, etc., from South Australia ; and, in 1^55, a specimen of jade from New Zealand. Gunther (Robert Theodore). [1869- ] Fellow and tutor of Magdalen College, Oxford. Presented, in 1899, a small series of volcanic rocks and limestone!?, which he had collected in the neighbourhood of Lake Urumin, Persia. Guppy (Henry Brougham). Surgeon of H.M.S. Lark. Presented, in 1883, a series of andesites, dacites, basalts, limestones, etc., which he had collected in the Salomon Islands. Guthrie (C. S. J. L.). Presented, in 1869, a remarkable parallel growth of crystals of rubellite, of a deep colour, from Ava. Haddon (Alfred Cort). [1855- ] Lecturer in ethnology at the University of Cambridge. Presented, in 1894, a series of basalts, granites, limestones, etc., whicb he had collected at Torres Straits. Haidinger (WilheLxM Karl von). [1795-1871] Haidinger, born at Vienna, early displayed a bent towards mineralogy, and, in 1812, studied with Prof. Mohs at Graz, accompanying him i-j Freiberg on the latter's transference to that town in 1817. He remained there five years, and, in 1822, travelled to France and England. He made the acquaintance of Thomas Allan {q.v.), an Edinburgh banker, and rendered him great assistance in the formation and arrangement of his fine mineral collection. During the years 1825 and 1826, he accont- panied Allan's son, Robert, on a scientific journey through marly the whole of Europe. For thirteen years (1827-1840) he was with his brothers at their porcelain factory in Elbogen, and, in 1840, succeeded Mohs at Vienna. Here he founded the union of the " Freunde der Naturwissen- schaften," from which sprang the Academy of Sciences and numerous other scientific societies. In 1849, he was appointed director of the new Geologische Pteichsanstalt, a post held till his retirement in 1866. Hamilton {Br. Francis). See Buchanan, afterwards Hamilton {Dr. Francis). Hamilton {Ut. Hon. Sir William, K.B.). [1730-1803] British Minister at the Court of Naj^les. Presented specimens of lavas, and a series of large polished sections of volcanic bombs from the dolomitic breccias of Monte Somma, \ esuvius, in the years 1768, 1769, 1772 and 1779. Hamlin {Br. Augustus Choate). [1828- ] Of Maine, U.S.A. Presented, in 1871, a fiagment of the Scarsmont meteorite. 426 .Minerals. Hanks {Frof. Henry G.). Of San Francisco. Presented, in 1885, a fragment of the IvanpaJi meteorite. Hardman (Edward Townley). [1845-1887] Presented, in 1886, a collection (about 150 specimens) of granites, dolerites, quartzites, etc., from Western Australia. Harman (Frederick E.). Presented, in 1894, about 100 specimens of gneisses, schists, dolerites, etc., from Bechuanaland. Harrington {Dr. Bernard James). Presented, in 1885, dawsonite, phlogopite (a large crystal), meneghinite, etc., from Canada. Hatch {Dr. Frederick Henry). [1864- ] Geologist and mining engineer. Presented, in 1897, a series of about 100 rock-specimens, which he collected to illustrate the geology of the southern Transvaal. Hatchett (Charles). [1765-1847] Charles Hatchett, F.R.S., of London, devoted the earlier part of his life to the study of mineralogy and chemistry, and is still remembered by chemists for his discovery of a new metal to which he gave the name <;olumbium. His extensive mineral collection, numbering some 7000, znostly small, specimens, was purchased in 1799. The collection was particularly rich in British minerals, and, in addition, Mr. Hatchett, in the course of his travels on the Continent, and by means of correspondence, had obtained many good illustrations of foreign minerals; from Count A polios de Moussin Poushkin, for example, he had received a large number of Russian specimens, a manuscript list of which is preserved in the Department. The collection also included a fragment of the Senegal River meteorite. Hatchett presented, in 1821, a specimen of hatchettite (the mineral species named after him) from Merthyr Tydvil, South Wales. Hauer {Dr. Carl Ritter von). [1819-1880] Of Vienna. Prepared numerous so-called artificial crystals, which were shown m the Austrian Court of the Exhibition held in London in the year 1862 ; the specimens were presented in the same year. Hearne (Samuel). [1745-1792] Explorer. Brought, in 1771, a large water- worn mass of copper from a spot ■29 or 30 miles S.S.E. of the mouth of the Coppermine river, British North America ; the specimen was presented to the British Museum by the Hudson Bay Co. in 1818. Herschel {Sir John Frederick William, Bart). [1792- 1871] Distinguished as an astronomer. Presented, in 1839, a specimen of the Cold BoMeveld meteorite. Heuland (Henry). [1777?-1856] Mineral dealer, of London. Many specimens have been acquired through him, notably those Minerals. 427 selected from tlie extensive collection belonging to the Countess of Aylesford {q^.v.) ; be also presented, in 1831, a fragment of tlie Bithurg meteorite. Hicks (George), p-1902] Of Newquay. Presented, in 1879, the large mass, weighing 450 lb. (201 kilograms), of the Imilac meteorite, and also the Mount Hicks and Serrania dt Varas meteorites ; and, in 1882, a large pure mass of chlorargyrite from Florida mine, Taltal, Atacama, Chili. Hicks {Dr. Henry). [1837-1899] Presented, in 1878, rock specimens which he had collected at St. Davids, Pembrokeshire ; and, in 1881, a similar series together with a collection from Pioss-shire, illustrating his papers on the Pre-Cambrian rocks published in the Quart. Journ. Oeol. Soc. The corresponding thin sections were presented by his widow in 1902. Hidden (William Earl). Presented, in 1895, mackintoshite from Texas, and ruby from North Carolina. " Hiddenite," a rich green variety of spodumene, was named after him ; a fine faceted specimen was purchased in 1881. Hill (?). Presented, in 1827, a specimen ;of hatchettite from Merthyr Tydvil, South Wales. Hinrichs {Dr. Gustavus Detlef). [1836- ] Of Iowa, U.S.A. Presented, in 1875, a fragment of the West Liberty meteorite. Hodgson (Joseph). [1788-1869] Presented, in 1857, a specimen of jarrowite. Hoffmann {Dr. George Christian). Assistant-director of the Canadian Geological Survey. Presented, in 1891, a collection (about 50 specimens) made by him of the nepheline-syenites and associated camptonitic dykes of Montreal, and also several minerals. Hohmann (Theodor). [1843-1897] Mining engineer in Chili. . . A series of about 55 specimens, selected from his private collection ol South American minerals, was purchased in 1903. Holdsworth (T. H.). Presented, in 1832, childrenite from Crinnis mine, Cornwall. Hooper (Thomas J.). Presented, in 1899, a large specimen of andorite, encrusted with numerous large crystals, from Itos Atocha mine, Oruro, Buhvia. Horsfield {Dr. Thomas). [1773-1859] Keeper of the Museum of the East India Company, London [1820-18o9]. Collected, in 1816, a large series (about 300 specimens) of andositic and basaltic lavas, limestones, etc., from Java ; the si>cciinens were incorporated with the India Museum, and transferred to the lintisli Museum in 1879. 428 Minerals, Howarth (Osbert Henry). Of London. Presented, in 1899, a fragment of the El Randdto (Bacubirito) meteorite. Hudson Bay Company. Presented, in 1818, a waterworn mass of copper, brought by Samuel Hearne from a spot 29 or 30 miles S.S.E. of the mouth of the Coppermine river, British North America, in 1771. Hume {Sir Abraham, Bart.). [1749-1838]. Presented, in 1822, two polished slabs of jadeite from China. The fine mineral collection brought together by him is in the posses- sion of the University of Cambridge. Hungarian Academy of Sciences. See Budapest, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Hunt (Arthur Roope). Presented, in 1895, a series of rock-specimens, which he had collected in Devonshire ; the specimens were selected to show the relations between the Devonian and metamorphic rocks. Hussak {Dr. Eugen). Of the Commissao Geographica e Geologica de Sao Paulo, Brazil. Presented, in 1897, new minerals (tripuhyite, derbylite and lewisite) from Brazil. India, Director of the Geological Survey of. Presented fragments of the Chandpur and PlrtliaUa meteorites in 1885, of the Nammianthal meteorite in 1886, of the Lalitpur meteorite in 1887, of the Kahangarai meteorite in 1892, of the Bishunpur and Bori meteorites in 1895, of the Amhapur Nagla meteorite in 1896, of fthe Nawalpali meteorite in 1897, of the Gamhat meteorite in 1898, of the Donga Kohrod and Kodaikanal meteorites in 1901, and of the Sindhri meteorite in 1902 ; also a large crystal of colourless, transparent blodite, very symmetrically developed on all sides, from Warcha Mine, Salt Kange, Punjab, India, in 1893 ; and, in 1901, a large collection of typical rock-specimens from India, which formed part of the India Exhibit at the Paris Exhibition of 1900. India Museum, London. In 1877, fragments of meteorites, including the Gurram Konda stone, and, in 1879, various mineral specimens and rock-collections, were trans- ferred from the India Museum. India, Secretary of State for. Presented the Bustee, Durala and one of the Shalka meteoric stones in 1860, a fragment of the Dhurmsala meteorite in 1861, one of the Supuhee meteoric stones in 1865, and the Udipi meteorite in 1869. Indian Museum, Trustees of the. See Calcutta, Trustees of the Indian Museum. Inglis {Sir Robert Harry, Bart). [1786-1855] Trustee of the British Museum. Presented, in 1842, harmotome, strontianite, etc., from Strontian, Minerals, 429 Jamaica Institute, Governors of the. Presented, in 1885, a fragment of the Luclcy 17111 meteorite. Jennings (Alfred Vaughan). [1864-1903] Demonstrator of geology and botany at the Royal College of Science, Dublin. Presented, in 1899, rock-specimens, which he had collected in the Davos district, and in the Manod and Moelwyns, Wales. Jervis {Cavaliere Guglielmo Paget). Curator of the Reale Museo Industriale Italiano, Turin. A large series of Italian minerals and rocks, including marbles from the various quarries in the vicinity of Carrara, collected by him, was purchased in 1877; and a series (300 specimens) of gneisses, schists, slates, etc., from Italian and Alpine localities, to supplement the earlier series, was purchased in 1897. Joel (Lewis). Vice-Consul at Cobija. Presented, in 1863, a meteoric iron found in the Desert of Atacama, Chili. Johnson (J. C F.). Presented, in 1897, specimens of gold ores from the various gold-fields of Australia. Johnston {Sir Harry Hamilton, G.C.M.G.). [1858- ] Presented, in 1902, a large collection of ferruginous schists, phonolitic rocks, basalts, nephelinites, etc., from the Uganda Protectorate, of which he was Commissioner (1899-1901). Jones {Prof. Thomas Kupert). [1819- ] Presented, in 1889, about 60 specimens of limestones, schists, etc., which had been collected in Somaliland by Captain S. King during an expedition from Zaila to Mount Eilo, and a small series of granites, felsites, etc., which had been collected by Col. M. Gosset in Sokotra. Judd {Prof. John Wesley, C.B.). [1840- ] Professor of geology since 1876 at, and dean since 1895 of, the Poyal College of Science, London. Presented, in 1874, a collection of rock-fragments from Mull and Arran, illustrating his papers in the Quart. Joiirn. Oeol. Soc. on the Tertiary eruptive rocks from the Western Islands of Scotland; and, in 1877, a series of andesitic rocks from the districts round Schemnitz and Kremnitz, Hungary ; and many other specimens in subsequent years. Junagadh {Naivah of). Presented, in 1894, a fragment of the Bherai meteorite. Keilhau {Prof. Balthazar Mathias). [1 797-1 S.")8] Presented (with Prof. Scheerer), in 1813, mispickel, alhuiite and gadolinite, from Norway. Kiamil (Ms Eiglmess, Pasha). Presented, in 1903, a fragment of the Caratash meteorite. KmC{Oapt. S.). See Jones (Prof. Thomas Rupert). 430 Minerals, Kjerulf {Trof. Theodor). [1825-11 Director of the Geological Survey of Norway. Presented, in 1865, a fragment of the Ski meteorite. Koch {Bergratli Friedrich Carl Ludwig). [1799-1852] A selection (200 specimens) from his collection of minerals, mainly from the Harz, was purchased in 1897. Kochibe (Dr. Tadanori). Director of the Geological Survey of Japan. Presented, in 1900, about 158 representative minerals and rocks from Japan. Koksharov {General Nicolai Ivanovich). [1818-1893] Koksharov was the son of the Director of Mines at Beresovsk, in the Urals, and, following in his father's footsteps, became a mining engineer in the Imperial Service. In 1845, he was appointed professor, and, in 1872, Director of the Mining Institute at St. Petersburg, a post held till his retirement in 1891. His private collection (about 3250 specimens) was purchased in 1865, and the Museum was thereby enriched with an admirable series of Kussian, and, in particular, of Siberian minerals, the finest specimens of which are rarely offered for sale beyond the borders of the Kussian Empire. The collection had served as material for the valuable series of memoirs in ten volumes, published by General Koksharov under the title of " Materialien zur Mineralogie Kusslands " (1853-1891). His position as Director of the Mining Institute at St. Petersburg afforded him exceptional opportunities for the acquisition of fine specimens. Koulibini {Prof,). Of St. Petersburg. Presented, in 1877, a fragment of the Verhhne-Dniejprovsh meteorite. Krantz {Br. August). [1809-1872] Mineral dealer of Berlin and, after 1850, of Bonn. A large series of crystals (2624 in number), brought together by him, was purchased in 1859 ; it contained specimens of very rare minerals, such as euclase and wagnerite, and was rich in series of felspars, hemimorphite, augite, chrysolite, beryl, phenakite, sapphire and zircon. Lake Tanganyika Expedition Committee. Presented, in 1900, a series (50 specimens) of schists, felsites, phono- lites, etc., collected by Mr, M. Fergusson in Tropical East Africa. Lane (A. L.). Presented, in 1903, fine specimens of cerussite from Broken Hill, New South Wales. La Trobe {Bev. Benjamin). A prominent Moravian Minister. Presented, in 1777, two large, pohshed slabs of labradorite (showing change of colour on change of incidence of the light), from Nain, Labrador. Latrobe (Charles Joseph). [1801-1875] Governor of Victoria. The " Latrobe" gold nugget, weighing 23 oz. Troy (717 grams), and Minerals, 431 well crystallised in cubes, was so called in his honour, having been raised in his presence at Mclvor Mount, Victoria, on May 1st, 1853; the nuf^fret was purchased in 1858. Law (S.). Presented, in 1843, carnelian, jasper and chalcedony, from India. Leadbeater (Benjamin). Presented, in 1838, witherites from Xorthumberland. Lehmann (Gustav). Presented, in 1874, two large, isolated crystals of parisite from Muso, Colombia. Leidy {Br. Joseph). [1823-1891] Presented, in 1876, specimens of corundum and associated minerals from North Carolina and Pennsylvania, and also various other minerals from the United States ; and, in 1878, coquimbite, erythrite, etc., from Chili. Lettsom (William Garrow). [?-1887] Joint author with K. P. Greg {q.v.) of a " Manual of the Mineralogy of Great Britain and Ireland," published in 1858. Presented, in 1846, a group of pale flesh-red rhombohedra of chabazite (acadialite) on the matrix, and a group of brick-red rhombohedra of chabazite with stilbite in a rock-cavity, both from Wasson's Bluff, Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia ; in 1850, two groups of dark-green crystals of epidote on the matrix, from Traversella, Piedmont ; and, in 1863, specimens of chalcedonic minerals from Uruguay. Leuchtenberg (H.LH. the DuJce of). [1843-1891] President of the Imperial Mineralogical Society of St. Petersburg [1865-1891]. Presented, in 1869, a nugget of platinum, weighing 1350 grains (87 • 5 grams), from Nijni-Tagilsk, Urals. Liversidge (Archibald). [1846- ] Professor of chemistry at the University of Sydney. Presented, in 1885, thin sections, and, in 1897, a fragment of the Barratta meteorite ; and, in 1891, a slice of the Tliunda meteorite. Loftus (William Kennett). [1821 ?-1858] Arch^ologist and traveller. Presented, in 1855, limestones, schists and slates, which he had collected in the mountain ranges of western Persia, and also volcanic rocks from Lake Van, etc. Logan {Sir William Edmond). [1798-1875] Director of the Geological Survey of Canada [1842-1870]. Presented, in 1856, a fragment of the Madoc meteorite. London Basalt Stone Company, Directors of the. Presented, in 1899, a column of basalt, 14 i- feet (^4 '4 meters) long, from Ehenish Prussia. Ludlam (Henry). [1824-1880] Henry Ludlam devoted his leisure to mineralogy, and brought together an extremely fine collection, in which were included the collections made 432 Minerals, by Charles Hampden Turner and William Nevill ; it was bequeathed by him to the Museum of Practical Geology, London. He presented to the British Museum, in 1877, a magnificent group of large, transparent, scalenohedral crystals of Chilian proustite, which, having been protected from the hght, have retained both their colour and their transparency ; and, in 1879° a large collection (about 600 specimens) of volcanic rocks frorn various European localities (Auvergne, Vosges, etc.). Lutschaunig (Alfred). Presented, in 1864, a meteoric stone, found in the Desert of Atacama, Chili. Lyon {Ca^t. George Francis, B.N.). [1795-1832] A suite of specimens of alluvial and other gold, brought together by him during his stay in the iDrincipal gold districts of Brazil, was purchased in 1833. McCloiinie (J.). Presented, in 1899, one of the Zoniba meteoric stones. McCormick {Beputy Inspector-General Robert, B.N.). [1800- 1890] A selection from the rock-specimens collected by him during the Arctic Expedition of 1827, Antarctic Expedition of 1839-1843, and the Franklin Search Expedition of 1852-1853, came to the Museum in 1890 by bequest. Macdonald {Major C). Presented, in 1862, a series of specimens of turquoise from Wadi Maghara, Arabia Petr^a. Maclear (Sir Thomas). [1794-1879] Astronomer Royal at the Cape of Good Hope [1833-1870]. Presented, in 1839 and 1863, respectively, specimens of the Cold Bokheveld and Kaee meteorites. Majendie (Ashurst). Presented, in 1835, diallage, cuprite and other minerals from Cornwall. Mantell (Dr. Gideon Algernon). [1790-1852] Geologist. ^ T . . , ,, , Presented, in 1834, a very large mass of alummite from IN ewhaven, Sussex. A fragment of the Nanjemoy meteorite was purchased from him ia 1839. Marks (E. W.). Presented, in 1854, several crystals of parisite from Muso, Colombia. Marryat (?). Presented, in 1819, three specimens of ilvaite from Elba. Marsham-Townshend {Hon. Robert). [1834- ] Presented, in 1877, thirty specimens, mostly from Brazil, including quartz, pyrrhotite and cbalybite, from San Juan del Key mine, Minas Geraes. Maskelyne (Mervin Herbert Nevil Story-). See Stoky-Maskelyne (Mervin Herbert Kevil). Minerals, 433 Medlicott (Henry Benedict). [1829- ] Director of the Geological Survey of India [1876-1887]. Presented, in 1886, thirty-seven specimens of Indian rocks. Menzies (Archibald). [1754-1842] Presented, in 1800, iron-pyrites with blende, cop])er-i)yiitcs, poarl-spar calcite and quartz, all crystallised, Irom Chili. Merino (Miguel). Astronomer at Madrid. Presented, in 1896, a fragment of the Madrid meteorite. Mitchell {Sir Thomas Livingstone). [1792-1855] Australian explorer. ^ Presented, in 1848, a collection (about 50 specimens) of rocks and minerals from northern Australia. Moll (Karl Ehrenbart, Baron von). [17G0-1838] From 1790 to 1804 Baron von Moll was Chancellor of the JOxchcqucr of the Electorate of Salzburg. He then retired from i)ublic life, and devfjted his leisure to scientific pursuits at Munich, and later at Augsburg. His library and natural history collections were purchased in 181") ; many minerals of great scarcity and beauty, especially from Salzburg and the Tyrol, were thus added to the collection. Monte del Aquacata Mining Company. Presented, in 1872, a large mass of gold-quartz, portion of a rich quart/.- lode, from San llafael, Costa Rica. Monticelli (Teodoro). [1759-1846] Monticelli, a benedictine, was for two years [1792-1794] profc.sf>or of ethics at the University of Naples. The following years, till 1800, were spent in prison, as a result of his participation in the political disturbances of the time. He was appointed professor of chemistry at the University of Naples in 1808. His large collection (upwards of 2000 specimens) of Vesuvian products, both minerals and lavas, etc., was purchased in 1823. The results of a study of these products are given in Monticelli and Covelli's " Prodromo della Mineralogia Vesuviana," 1825. A manuscript list of the specimens, in the handwriting of Covelli, is preserved iu the Department. Many of the best specimens of crystallised Vesuvian minerals now in the Museum came as part of the Monticelli collection. Moreno {Br. Francisco P.). Director of the Museum of La Plata. Presented, in 1899, a large polished slab of green marble from La Toma, Argentina, and a fragment of the Caperr meteorite. Moss (Milton). Mining engineer, of Cripple Creek, Colorado. Brought together, during the years 1894-1901, an excellent suite of rare tellurides, including several fine crystals, from Cripple Crct-'k, which were purchased from him. MUller {Capt. William). [?-1846] Presented, in 1826, boracite from Liiueburg. VOL. I. i? F 434 Minerals. Murray {Sir John, K.C.B.). [1841- ] The collections, obtained by the Challenger Expedition of 1873-1876, were presented, in 1890, by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty through Sir John Murray. Nabeshima (Naotaro). Of Japan. Presented, in 1883, the Ogi meteorite. Nares {Bev. Robert). [1753-1829] Presented, in 1797, two mamillary masses and a polished slab of malachite from the Urals. Netherlands, Government of the. Presented, in 1887, a fragment of the Djati-Pengilon meteorite. Neumayer (Dr. Georg Balthasar). [1826- ] Of Hamburg. Presented, in 1869, a fragment of the Krdhenherg meteorite. Nevill (William). Presented in 1862 and 1864, respectively, fragments of the Perth and Agra meteorites; in 1861, 200 mineral specimens from his collection were purchased from him. His collection of minerals was acquired by Henry Ludlam (q.v.). New South Wales, Department of Mines and Agri- culture. Presented, in 1903, a small collection of rock-specimens from New South Wales. Newnes (Sir George, Bart). [1851- ] Presented, in 1902, the series of rock-collections, obtained by the Antarctic Expedition of the Southern Cross under Mr. C. E. Borch- greviuck, which he had organised and despatched. Nicholson (Prof. Henry Alleyne). [1844-1899] Presented, m 1872, various Canadian minerals. Nicolay (Bev. Charles G.). Of Perth, Western Australia. Presented, in 1885, the Youndegin meteorite. Nicoll (Dr. H.). Collected a series of nepheline-syenites and other rocks from Sierra Leoue, which were presented by Earl Bathurst in 1820. Noja (Giovanni Caraffa, Duke of). [1715-1768] Presented, in 1758, a mocha-stone, set in an enamelled ring. North Eastern Railway Company, Directors of the. Presented, in 1881, a fragment of the Middlesbrough meteorite. Northampton (Spencer Joshua Alwyne, '2nd Marqiiess of). [1790-1851] President of the Royal Society [1838-1848] and Trustee of the British Museum. Presented, in 1818 (when he was still Earl Compton), melilite and Minerals. 435 other Vesuvian minerals ; in 1832, hasmatite on lava from Vesuvius ; iii 1845, a large specimen of beekite from Devonshire ; and, in ISoO, a fine group of pink crystals of apophyllite from Samson mine, Andreatiber*.', Harz. Northumberland (Algernon Percy, Ath DuJce of). [1792- 1865] Presented, in 1829, a collection (about 30 specimens) of granites, quartz-felsites, sandstones, etc., from the Sinai Peninsula. Nuttall {Prof. Thomas). [1784-1859] A selection of specimens from his collection, including a fine group of kyanite crystals from Massachusetts, was purchased in 1860. Oldham {Dr. Thomas). [1816-1878] Superintendent of the Geological Survey of India. Presented, in 1861 and 1863 respectively, fragments of the Ptrpi and Kusiali meteorites. Ouseley {Sir Gore, Bart.). [1770-1844] Presented, in 1833, a specimen of turquoise from Persia. Owen {Prof. Sir Richard). [1804-1892] Superintendent of the Natural History Departments of the "British Museum [1856-1884]. Presented, in 1857, a specimen of jarrowite. Parish {Sir Woodbine, K.G.B.). [1792-?] Presented, in 1826, the large Otumpa meteorite, weighing 1400 lb. (600 kilograms), and, in 1828, a fragment of the ImiJac meteorite. Parkinson (John). Presented, in 1840, a fragment of the Zacatecas meteorite. Parry {Sir William Edward). [1790-1855] Collected during the expedition to the Polar regions of 1810-1820 various rock-specimens, which were presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty in 1821. Pearce (Richard). Presented specimens at various times ; among them, in 1886, copper minerals from Mammoth mine, Utah. Persia {SJiah of). Presented, in 1882, a fragment of the Veramin meteorite. Petiver (James). [1658-1718] His extensive natiual history collections were purchased m 1-18 by Sir Hans Sloane {q.v.). Phillips (A. G.). Presented, in 1897, many thin rock-sections from the collection ot hi9 father, J. A. Phillips. Pilcher and Sons {Messrs.). Presented, in 1851, a mass, weighing 32 lb. (14-5 kilograms), of graphite. 436 Minerals. Planta (Joseph). [1744-1827] Principal Librarian of the British Museum [1799-1827]. Presented, in 1807, a crystal of boracite, in gypsum, from Liineburg, Hanover. Poushkin {Count Apollos de Moussin). Included in Hatchett's {q.v.) collection, which was purchased in 1799, were many Russian specimens, which he had received from Count Poushkin ; a manuscript list of them is preserved in the Department. Prudhoe {Lord, afterwards ith Duke of Northumberland). See Northumberland (Algernon Percy, 4:th Duke of). Raikes (J. M.). Presented, in 1824, gold with aikinite, in quartz, from Beresovsk, Urals. Raisin {Dr. Catherine Alice). Presenter], in 1896, a series of granites, sandstones, camptonitic dyke- rocks, etc., from Egypt, collected by Mr. Gr. F. Scott Elliot, and has pub- lished descrijitions of several collections of rocks presented to the Museum. Ridley (Henry Nicholas). [1855- ] Assistant in the Botanical Department of the British Museum [1880- 1888]. Presented, in 1887, about 200 specimens of phonolites, basalts, etc., which he had collected in the Island of Fernando Noronha. Rochon {Abhe Alexis Marie). [1741-1817] Distinguished as an astronomer and navigator. Presented, in 1790, atacamite (" copper-sand ") from Atacama, Chili. Rodriguez {Dr. Jos£ Santos). A large series of leucitic lavas and tuffs from the neighbourhood of Rome, collected by him, was purchased in 1894. Rose (GusTAv). [1798-1873] Professor of mineralogy at the University of Berlin. Fifty-eight crystals, which had belonged to his private collection, v/ere purchased in 1895. The British Museum Collection of Minerals was re-arranged (1858- 1862) by Mr. Maskelyne according to Rose's crystallo-chemical system. Royal Society. The Delta Boring Committee presented in 1897 a series of specimens (with sections) of the deposits of the Nile Delta, obtained during the boring operations at Zagazig undertaken by the Royal Society. Ruskin {Prof John). [1819-1900] Slade professor of Fine Art in the University of Oxford. Presented, in 1850, two specimens of fluor (" the Coutte rose-fluors ") from Switzerland ; in 1865, several large specimens, including; a polished mass of Iceland spar, harmotome from Strontian, chessylite from Chessy, a long branch of crystallised native copper from Lake Superior, celestite from Sicily ; in 1884, about 50 specimens of agate and chalcedony (which, when arranging a case to illustrate the " Forms of Silica," he presented to supplement the specimens in the collection); and, in 1887, the"Colenso" diamond, a large yellowish octahedron, weighing 130 carats (27 grams), and the "Edwardes" ruby (corundum). Minerals. 437 Rutley (Frank). [1842-1904] Presented, in 1902, collections of rock-specimens (with microscopic sections) from the Malverns, North Wales and Cornwall, illustrating his papers in the Quart. Joiirn. Geol. Soc. Ryan (Sydney). Presented, in 1899, a collection (over 100 specimens) of gneisses, schists, ferruginous shales, etc., from the Ingwenya Berg and Emhahaan district. West Swaziland. Sabine (Sir Edward). [1788-1883] Pi-esident of the Ptoyal Society [1861-1871]. Presented, in 1818, amber, graphite, and other minerals from Greenland. St. Petersburg, Imperial Academy of Sciences. Presented, in 1770, a fragment of the Pallas meteorite. Samuel (N.). Presented, in 1903, a series of rock-specimens, which he had collected in Ashantee. San Francisco, Town Authorities of. . Presented, in 1803, a specimen of the Tucson meteorite. Sanderson (John). [?-1881] Of Natal. Presented, in 1878, a fragment of the Cronstad meteorite. Sanderson (J. H.). Presented, in 1877, a series (about 30 specimens) of basaltic rocks from the neighbourhood of Edinburgh. Sansoni (Prof. Francesco). [1853-1895] An extensive collection of crystals of calcite, being j^art of the material used by him for his memoirs on the crystallography of that species, was i:)urchased in 1895. Scheerer {Prof. K. J. A. T.). [1813-1875] Bee Keilhau {Prof. B. M.). Schimper {Br. Wilhelm). [1804-1878] Collected in the neighbourhood of Adowa and Axnm, Abyssinia, a series (about 100 specimens) of schists and slates, and phonolitic rocks containing riebeckite and a3girine ; the specimens were purchased in 1809. Schlagintweit (Hermann [1826-1882], Adolpii [1829-1857], and Robert [1833-1885], von). Collected a series of rock-specimens, when on a scientific mission to India and High Asia between the years 1854-1858 ; the specimens were incorporated in the India Museum, and transferred to the British Museum in 1879. Schulten (August Benjamin, Baron dk). [185G- ] Lecturer in cliemistry at the University of lielsingfors. Presented, in 1898, a large polished block of orbicular granite from Kangasniemi, Finland. 438 Minerals, Seidler (C). Presented, in 1885, a very large, simple crystal of staurolite, and, in 1890, a fibrolite hatchet ; both from France. Sharpe {Sir Alfred, C.B., K.C.M.G.). [1853- ] His Majesty's Commissioner for British Central Africa. Presented, in 1899, two of tlie Zomha meteoric stones. Shockley (W. H.). Presented, in 1898, a series of rock-specimens, collected by him in Mongolia and the Province of Lia Tong, Manchuria; and, in 1901, a series (about 200 specimens) of granites, schists, felsites, andesites, etc., collected by him on the north-east coast of Siberia. Siam, Royal Department of Mines and Geology. Presented, in 1897, a series of about 70 small rock-specimens from Siam, collected by Mr. H. Warington Smyth (q.v.). Simmons (Richard). Presented, in 1836, well-crystallised specimens of cerussite, calamine (large green rhombohedra from Chessy), beryl, mimetite, gold, argentite, rutile, barytes, idocrase, apatite, and tluor. Sloane (Cavaliere). Presented, in 1860, sloanite, larderellite, caporcianite and other minerals from Italy. Sloane {Sir Hans, Bart.). [1660-1753] Secretary [1693-1712], and President [1727-1741], of the Koyal Society. Sir Hans Sloane, Bart., studied medicine at Paris and Montpelier, and at the latter place made the acquaintance of his future friend, William Courten (q.v.). In 1687, Sloane sailed to the West Indies as physician to the Governor of Jamaica (the Duke of Albemarle), and during his fifteen months' stay there collected natural history specimens, more especially plants. On his return to London in 1689, he settled in practice in Bloomsbuiy Square, and was rapidly successful. His natural taste for collecting seems to have been stimulated by Courten, and as early as 1691 EvelyD, in the Diary, recorded a visit made to his curiosities. On Courlen's death in 1702, Sloane inherited the whole of his valuable collections, and, in 1718, purchased that of Petiver. In 1742, the entire collection was moved to the Manor House, Chelsea, and, in 1753, acquired for the Nation. Smith (Armstrong). Presented, in 1891, a small collection of basaltic lavas from Kilauea, including specimens of the lava stalactites described by Prof. E. S. Dana. Smith {Dr. Christen). [1785-1816] Director of the Botanical Gardens of the University of Christiania. Made (with Mr. Tudor), in 1816, a small collection of gneisses, schists, etc., at the mouth of the Congo ; the specimens were presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty in the same year. Smyth (Herbert Warington). [1867- ] Secretary of the Department of Mines at Johannesburg, Transvaal. Collected in Siam a series of about 70 small rock-specimens, which was presented in 1897 by the Royal Department of Mines and Geology, Siam : presented, in 1898, sapphires and spinels from Siam. Minerals, 430 Snow ( — ). Presented, in 1811, copalite (" Highgate resin") from Ili-'h<-:ite. Middlesex. o o . South African Museum, Trustees of the. Presented, in 1874, a fragment of the JJelliany meteorite. South Australia, Government of. Presented, in 1886, a collection (about 400 specimens) of granites, gneisses, schists, etc., from South Australia, including a scries of rocks from the Barossa and Echunga goldtields. Stapflf {Dr. Friedrich Moritz). [1836-1895] Selected a series of specimens from the rocks met with during the boring of the St. Gotthard Tunnel : the series, with geological tables and sections, was purchased in 1881. Stefani {Prof. Carlo de). [1851- ] Of Florence. Collected large series (about 200 specimens) of granites, gneisses, schists, limestones, etc., from the island of Corsica, and of granites, gabbros, schists, limestones, etc., from the island of Giglio; the former series was purchased in 1892 and the latter in 1894. Stokoe (Robert). Presented, in 1838, witherites from Northumberland. Story-Maskelyne (Mervin Herbert Nevil). [1823- ] Keeper of Minerals in the British Museum [1857-1880], and professor of mineralogy at the University of Oxford [1856-1895]. Presented specimens in various years, including the following : — in 1880, bright crystals of columbite from Standish, Maine, and other minerals; and, in 1887, several fine, large masses of precious opal, in the matrix, from Queensland. Strachey {Lieut-Gen. Sir Richard, G.C.S.L). [1817- ] Made a large collection of schists, slates, granites, etc., IVoni Kumaun and southern Tibet, illustrating the geology of part of the Himalayas ; the specimens were incorporated in the India Museum, and transferred to the British Museum in 1879. Strangford (Percy Clinton Sydney, 6//* Viscomt). [1780- 1855] Presented, in 1827, two specimens of flexible sandstone from Itacoluini Mountain, Minas Geraes, Brazil. Swan {Mrs.). Presented 979 specimens of variegated clay from London and tiic vicinity in 1839. Sweden, Director of the Geological Survey of. Presented, in 1887, a collection of about 80 typic;i.l nH-k-.^pocini(Mis from Sweden. Sykes {Col William Henry). [1790-1872] Collected basalts, etc., from Bombay; the specimens were incorporated with the India Museum, and, in 1879, transterred to the British Museum. 440 Minerals, Symes {Col. Michael). [1753?-1809] The largest and most remarkable crystal, or parallel growth of crystals, of rubellite, known to exist, was given by the King of Ava to Col. Symes, when the latter was on an Embassy to that country in 1795 ; it was acquired for the Trustees, in 1810, by the purchase of the Greville collection. Szabo {Prof. Jozsef). [1822-1894] Presented, in 1876, a collection (about 40 specimens) of andesitic rocks from Hungary. Talmage {Br. James Edward). Professor of geology at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City. Presented, in 18^3, crystals of selenite, of extraordinary size, from Wayne County, Utah. Tattenall {Mrs. Ann). Bequeathed about 120 mineral specimens, which were acquired by the Trustees in 1848. Tayler (John William). [1822- ] Presented, in 1855, Greenland minerals, including fine columbites ; and, in 1861, eudialyte, sapphirine and allanite, from Greenland. Taylor (John). [1789 ?-1 863] Mining engineer. Presented, in 1825, brilliant, greenish-yellow crystals of pyromorphite on the matrix, from Wheal Alfred, Cornwall ; and, in 1859, a magnificent group of white and colourless lamellar crystals of cerussite, many of them twinned, fi'om Logylas mine, Aberystwith, Cardiganshire. ' Taylor (W.). Of Elgin, N.B. Presented, in 1895, a fragment of the Concepcion meteorite. Tendron (Frederick). Presented, in 1883, a very fine crystal of pyrrhotite from Morro Velho, Minas Geraes, Brazil. Thomasset (H. P.). Presented, in 1898, a large suite of very delicately crystallised speci- mens of aragonite from the Sterkfontein caves, Barnett, Transvaal. Thomson (Taylour). Presented, in 1863, a fragment of the Vaca Muerta meteorite. Tilden {Br. John N.). Of New York State. Presented, in 1886, a fragment of the Jenmjs Creek meteorite. Trail {Lady Frances). Presented, in 1833, worked articles of agate and heliotrope. Treasury, Lords Commissioners of the. Presented, in 1876, about 150 specimens of basaltic lavas, etc., from the Island of Rodrigaes, which had been collected by Prof. I. Bayley Balfour during the " Transit of Veuns " Expedition of 1^74-1875. Minerals, .\.\\ Trevelyan {Sir Walter Calverley, Bart.), [l 707-1879] Presented, in 1826, zeolites, opal, etc., iVom tiio Faroe Islands. Tudor ('?). See Smith {l^r. Christen). Ulrich (Georg Heinrich Friedrich). [1830-1900] Professor of mining and mineralogy at the University of Otagu, Dnnedin, New Zealand. Presented, in 1890, specimens of awaruitc (terrestrial mckcl-iron) and serpentine, from New Zealand; ami, in 18UI, a fi-agin