TABLES 
 
 OF 
 
 Ancient Literature and History, 
 B.C. 1500-A.D. 200. 
 
 By JOHN NICHOL, LL.D., 
 
 Fi-o/cssor of English Language and' Litenitiin: University of Clasgou'.
 
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 (P7cMttC^e^'^^^<^ 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 '""•^^I^SITY OF 
 
 ~J
 
 TABLES OF 
 
 ANCIENT LITERATI^ RE 
 
 AND HISTORY.
 
 Published by 
 
 JAMES iMACLEHOSE, GLASGOW. 
 
 MACMILLAN AND CO., LONDON AND CAMBRIDGE. 
 
 Loitdon Havtilton, Adams &^ Co. 
 
 Eduihttr^ll, EdmoKston ^ Douglas. 
 
 Dublin W. H. Smitli &= Sou. 
 
 M DCCC I-XX V I 1.
 
 TABLES 
 
 OF 
 
 ANCIENT LITERATURE 
 AND HISTORY. 
 
 B.C. 1500 A. D. 200. 
 
 BY 
 
 JOHN N I C H O L, L L. D., 
 
 PROFESSOR OF ENCU.ISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE, UNIVERSITV OF GLASGOW. 
 
 GLASGOW : 
 JAMES MACLEHOSE. 61 ST. VINCENT STREET, 
 
 publisher to the iiliubcrsitiJ. 
 ^877.
 
 O t_ A S G w : 
 
 PrtnlcD at the elnibfrsitg $)rrss 
 
 DV ROBERT MACLF.HOSE, 153 WEST NILE STREET.
 
 li X P L A N A T O R Y NOTE. 
 
 In drawing up these Tables of Ancient History and Literature, an attempt has been made 
 to give a synoptical view of the chronological relation of the fortunes and achievements of tiie 
 nations in whose history and development students are mainly interested. 
 
 The following are the general features of the plan which has been adopted : — 
 
 1. The arrangcnicnt of the Coliunns varies in the different sheets, prominence in each 
 being given to the leading nation and its literature. 
 
 2. The scale necessarily varies — centuries marking the .spaces of the earlier ; periods of 
 twentj'-fivc or twenty years, of the later ages. 
 
 3. Events are recorded as nearly as possible on the line of their date , during the fifth 
 century B.C. one sometimes inevitably crowds another out of its exact place. 
 
 4. Names of Statesmen are followed by dates indicating their tenure of power ; added 
 dates in brackets sometimes mark the duration of life. 
 
 5. Names of Authors are followed by dates of birth and death; in remote periods 
 more frequently by single dates of the time when they are believed to have flourished. 
 
 6. Names of Hebrew Prophets are underlined and followed by figures marking the limits 
 of the periods during which they are supposed to have prophesied. 
 
 It ought to be explicitly stated that the majority of the dates — especially of authors — in 
 Table I. are traditional, and adopted on the basis of current conjecture. No attempt has been 
 made to adjudicate on the controversies which surround them. Dates of like uncertainty in 
 subsequent Tables are followed by a mark of interrogation (.'). The accounts of " Sardanapalus " are 
 so conflicting that his name has been inserted with a query in two distinct Tables. In Tables III. 
 and IV. it has been found advisable to introduce colours — (i) In the Art columns; (2) In the 
 History columns — to make more clear the relations of the contending nationalities. On the following 
 principle they indicate — (i) The professions of the representative artists ; (2) The leading names, 
 legal landmarks, and decisive victories of the most prominent peoples. 
 
 A. In the columns of Literature and Art : 
 
 Painters, ........ Red. 
 
 Sculptors and Architects, ..... Green. 
 
 Musicians Blue.
 
 II. In the columns of Histor)' ; 
 
 „ f Athenian and Theban, 
 
 Greeks i „ 
 
 { Spartan and Sicilian, 
 
 Romans, ....... 
 
 Persians, ....... 
 
 Macedonians and Successors of Alexander, 
 
 Phit.nicians and Carthaginians, 
 
 Blue. 
 
 Blue Bars. 
 Red. 
 
 Red Bars. 
 Green. 
 (iREEN Bars. 
 
 Mr. Nichol has gratefully to acknowledge kind advice and assistance more especially received 
 from Professor Sellar of Edinburgh, and Professor Ward of Owen's College, Manchester. 
 
 Note. — 111 Table II., for " Philantluis," re.id " I'liahiuluis. "
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 TABLE I. 
 
 FROM THE EXODUS TO THE FOUxNDATION OF ROME. 
 
 By Centuries. 
 
 TABLE IL 
 
 FROM THE FOUNDATION OF ROME TO THE EXPULSION OF THE KIXC.S IX 
 ROME AND THE PEISISTR.ATID^ IN GREECE. 
 
 By Periods of Twenty-five Years. 
 
 TABLE LLL. 
 
 FROM THE FOUNDATION OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC TO THE DEATH OF 
 
 ALEXANDER THE GREAT. 
 
 By Periods of Twenty-Five Years. 
 
 TABLE IV. 
 
 FROM THE DEATH OF ALEXANDER TO THE END OF THE THIRD PUXIC WAR 
 (DESTRUCTION OF CARTHAGE AND CORINTH). 
 
 By Periods of Twenty-Five Years. 
 
 TABLE V. 
 
 FROM THE END OF THE THIRD PUNIC WAR TO THE CHRISIIAX ERA. 
 
 By Periods of Twenty-Five Years. 
 
 TABLE VI. 
 
 FROM THE CHRLSTIAN ERA TO THE EXTENSION OF ROMAN CITIZEX.sHl 1' lO 
 
 THE EMPIRE. 
 
 By Periods of Twenty Year.s.
 
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