THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES GIFT OF P.Lennox Tierney WOODBOURNE: A Novel cf the Revolutionary Period in Virginia and Maryland. Ill TV/0 PARTS. BY COLONEL JOSEPH MAYO. PART I. BALTIMORE: PUBLISHED BY JOHX B. PIET & CO., 174 West Baltimore Street. 1881. CopTRion-, 1884, BY COLONEL, JOSEPH MAYO. Press of John B. Fiet & Co. ur v/, I DEDICATION. TO COLOIIEI* ROBERT H. MAYO (of Auburn, in the County of Westmoreland, Virginia), as a Slight Token of the Author's Gratitude fcr his numberless aots of more than Brotherly Kindness, this Volume is Affec tionately Inscribed. 837-179 PREFACE. THE principal events recorded in these pages relate to the most interesting epoch of American history. The scene is chiefly confined to a little spot of that "Land within the Capes," which its first explorer has described as bearing the prerogative over the most pleasant places known. In our unambitious narrative, which is con cerned with the fortunes of two or three families, we profess to deal with subjects of general public interest only as they may serve to elucidate the main design. \Ve do not propose to write a society novel, nor yet a pure romance, nor to try and bedizen a prosy array of unimportant events in the trumpery garb of sentimental fancy. Much less shall we undertake to draw an elabor ate picture of the every-day manners and customs of the ancient proverbial cavaliers of Virginia cavaliers still in spite of the disgust which some people affect to have for the name. Yet in giving to the American public our "poor account of rich doings," we deem it emi nently proper to devote a short space to the task of correcting some of the erroneous impressions of our fatherland and its inhabitants which have gone abroad unchallenged over the face of the earth. First and fore most, then, let it be distinctly affirmed that the Vir- (v) VI PEEFACE. ginians of that clay were no more Mr. Thuckaray's "Virginians" than is the country in which they chvelt the same which is prefigured in the chart of his fruitful imagination. True, their landed possessions were in several instances as large as many a petty European principality; and the owners of such vast domains were, doubtless, entitled to a? great consideration as any beg garly landgrave or boorish count palatine, yet it is a figment of prurient fancy to suppose that these manorial nabobs all lived in solitary habitations twenty miles apart each from his neighbor, and surrounded by savage wilds where, as the nursery rhymer says, " Naked men in forests prowled, And bears and panthers roamed and howled."' And whatever may have been their capacity for getting over the ground, they surely were not equal to the task of performing impossible journeys over impassible roads i:i preposterous yellow vehicles, 41 carrying six insides." In all seriousness, if the chief merit of fiction consists, is Macauley has remarked, in its resemblance to a model with Avhich we are already familiar or to which we can constantly re.'cr, in the name of the fairy muse what shall be said of the incongruous brood of extravagan cies which one sees in the Virginia booth of Mr. Tliack aray's teeming bazaar? When Colonel Henry Esmond tho only fine, real gentleman who figures in his own memoirs sought at once refuge from villainous company and balm and solace from go:it and ennui amid the charming solitude of his plantation in Virginia, it is cer tain that he found the moral atmosphere of his new PREFACE. Vii abode to bj :i vast improvement on the mephitic im purities of the grotto-del-cavne, from which he had escaped in a half-asphyxiated condition. Here, at least, he was rid of the beastly Yahoos of Vanity Fair. Here the unsophisticated country people called things by their given names. My Lord Mohun, the grand sachem of the civilized Mohock?, was rated as a consummate ruffian and knave, and the fairest of the frail nymphs of St. Germain's and Soho square was a very Hecate of moral deformity because of the shame, " Which, like a canker in the fragrant rose, Did- spot the beauty of her budding name." The votaries of fashion, tho roues of the salon and boudoir, the maccaronis of the club-house and the gam bling den, the starveling villipenders of Grub street, the swarms of seedy political pimps, panders and prostitutes, were in their e\*es the same disgusting caricatures of humanity, whether paraded in Steele and Addison's polished periods, or pilloried by Pope and Swift in "Images from the dunghill and lazar house." These were the early and late associates and boon-companions of this courtly chronicler of scandalous small beer, who would make us believe that half the women in England of that day would have been most profitably employed in beating hemp in BriJewell to make "cravats" for three-fourths of the men. The world he has described is that in which the dramatic fancy of Congreve and U'ycherly revelled with delight, where "the women were like profligate, impudent and unfeeling men, and where the men were too bad for any place but Pandemonium and Norfolk Island." What, after all, is this tiresome Till PREFACE. old male gossip, but one of those "coxcomb birds, so talkative and grave," who from his cage pelts the passers- by with ribald words and scurvy jests? "Though many a passenger he rightly call, We hold him no philosopher at all.*' "With like indignant emphasis do we repudiate the exag gerated portraits of our good ancestors which grace the galleries of certain native artists, who appear to labor under the strange delusion that the subjects of their delineations spent the best part of their lives in stalking around the circle of stiltish, purse-proud arrogance, and swaggering in a "high-kilted" Babylonish dialect, which out-gasconaded Gascony. It is farthest from the truth, moreover, to suppose that the typical Virginian cavalier found his only pleasures in fox-hunting and cock-fighting; carousing in tap-rooms, and wrangling over cards and dice, betting at races, and whispering vapid sentiment in the ear of simpering beauty. On the contrary, he was as exquisitely alive and keenly sensitive as any " mortal mixture of earth's mold ' to those lofty impres sions, and del cate touches of feeling and passion which elevate the soul, expand the intellect, enliven the fancy, kindle in the heart the generous flame of sympathy and love, and strew with flowers the thorny paths of life. And in the hour of severest trial, when Red Battle's stern alarum rung out over hill and dale, he approved himself a manly, robust, bold and independent freeman, who bared his bosom to the howling storm and recked not of danger and sacrifice iu his country's cause. Of Toryism, as the term was applied during th.3 Revolt- PREFACE. IX tionary era, there -was little or nothing in this part of the Old Dominion. A'.l classes and conditions of the peo ple were more nearly united in thought, feeling and purpose than had been the case in any civil disturbance previously recorded in English history. Still, there were not a few among the wealthy and most influential plan ters Avho dreaded to cut loose all of a sudden from the ancient moorings and set out on a voyage of explora tion "in thick weather on an unknown sea." They were not able by a single eftbrt to break the ties, "light as air and strong as links of iron," which bound them to the time-honored institutions, hoary traditions, and imme morial usages of their fathers. They cherished a fond veneration of the aristocratic and monarchical features of the constitution, for the canons of property and laws of descent, for the wholesome restrictions upon the elective franchise and the right to hold office, and in regarding the freedom and safety of the subject as the origin and cause of all laws ; they nevertheless believed that the principles to which they were so ardently attached afforded the only secure bulwarks and muniments of right and justice. They read, with avidity, the letters of Junius, and applauded the burning utterances of Burke and Chatham; but they were not prepared to receive, without debate, the precepts of the sage of Gunston, nor to hear without trepidation the inspired voice of the SEEU, "\vhose thunder shook the Philip of the Seas." As hostilities advanced, their minds were gradually changed, and they became in the end zealous supporters of the cause of American freedom. To the influence of this class wise, prudent, high-minded and determined X PREFACE. men was mainly due the auspicious result that, in the formation of the Republic, the spirit of innovation was restrained within the confines of just and rational re form. But our " prolegomenon " is growing into a tedious his torical dissertation. Xot to make too sudden a "pull-up," we take occasion to repeat that in the following pages we have striven to produce a popular work of fiction which should be catholic in spirit, national in tone, free from sectional and sectarian bias and prejudice, and con taining not a word or thought, hint or allusion, of ques tionable propriety. As such it is kindly commended to the appreciative consideration of the American people. I. CHAPTER. PAGE I, - 1 II, 13 III, - - 27 IV, 4G V, - - Cl VI, 73 VII, - - 80 VIII, 91 IX, - - 9'J X, 112 XI, - - 123 XIF, 13G XIII, - - 153 XIV, 163 XV, - - 183 XVI, 195 XVII, - ... 200 XVIII, 20G XIX, 215 WOODBOUB.NE. CHAPTER I. NE of her own native bards lias sung ia mournful numbers the miseries of "hap less Caledonia," doomed to reap the bit terest fruits of the last bloody harvest of internecine strife which ripened in gory ghastliness on the soil of Britain. It is no horrid dream of phrenzied imagination, the tragic picture we are gazing upon ; but the frightful reality of calamitous vroe, fell-born progeny of the grisly demon of civil discord and fratricidal rage. Scotland, indeed, was made to feel its keenest pangs; but the terrible scourge did not confine its ravages to her ill-fated borders. It carried desola tion and mourning to many a happy English home, and everywhere inflicted great gaping wounds on the bosom of society, which, for long years to come, broke out and bled afresh at the whisper of some name of hateful memory and portentous sound. 2 WOODBOUKXE. Have they been wholly healed by the great physi cian, Time ? For the sake of all that humanity holds dear, let us so hope and believe. Who so basely vile and malevolent as would wish to see again the fiery signal of insurrection cast its bale ful gleam across that fair horizon, whence the genius of Christian civilization from its island throne instructs the nations in the victorious arts of Peace. It is necessary, for the elucidation of these pages, for us to take a flying trip across the ocean. We are now in the midst of the beautiful region which has been appropriately styled the Arcadia of Scot land. The scene is a small villa near the banks of Leven Water; and time, an evening in the leafy month of June, in the year 1753. It has been raining a passing thunder shower. The sun has just come forth from his vapory bath, and every bush and brake is hailing his reappearance with warbling paeans of surpassing melody. The fleecy clouds, all radiant with prismatic glories, are slowly trooping towards the east, and the last faint peal of heaven's artillery reverberates far down the vale. On . every twig and blade of grass the pearly rain drops are sparkling bright; the air is laden with the rich perfume of blossoming flowers; on the mountains the heather blooms with a deeper pur ple, and the dimpling wavelets of the limpid stream dance merrily in the shimmering sunlight. Two ladies are seated at an open window which commands a delightful prospect, embracing the most bewitching features of the extensive landscape. One is old; yet the frosts of age have not chilled her WOODBOURNE. 3 heart, which speaks in the look of tender affection and solicitude with which she is regarding her com panion. The latter lady is in the early prime and loveliness of charming womanhood. Her face wears an expression of sadness, which appears to be for eign to her natural disposition. She is resting her chin on one hand; in the other is an open letter, and her large, grey eyes, moist with springing teifrs, are gazing absently at the distant cloud-pavilioned crag towards which the sun is rapidly declining. To a long and earnest conversation, which was not with out painful interest to the young lady, there had ensued a silence of some moments' duration. It was broken by the elder lady. "All happens for the best, my child," she said, meeting an outburst of disappointment with the golden commonplace of old age's proverbial philoso phy. "I was convinced from the first that the effort would prove fruitless; yet I did not try to dissuade you from making it, because I knew you would not be satisfied until you had done every thing in your power to discover what was your brother's fate; now your mind is at ease on that account. You cannot justly reproach yourself with having left undone anything which sisterly affection and duty commanded you to do, and you will soon forget this heavy affliction in your new home, amid untried scenes and cares." " It is impossible for me ever to forget it, dear aunt," replied the other lady; "but with God's help it shall not be the means of bringing a single pang of unhappiness to others. True, as you say, there is an end of my long cherished hope; this letter 4 WOODBOURXE. assures me of it ; but I must beg you to repeat the story over again as Uncle Leslie heard it from the dying lips of our cousin. Duncan Campbell; I fain would impress every syllable of it on my memory in indellible characters. It may seem to be a weak and frivolous fancy to you, and I am certainly unable to explain it; yet only a witness from the grave can dispel the strange tormenting presenti ment I have that my brother escaped alive from that bloody field." "If such was the incredulous state of your mind, Ellen, after having once heard Duncan's clear story," said her aunt, gravely, " I do not see what good can come of worrying yourself with trying to remem ber it. However, you know best. Perhaps it may in time dispel the wicked illusion which harasses you with constant anxiety, and to gratify you, I will relate the story once more as your uncle told it to me. Poor Duncan! he was another dear vic tim of that sinful rebellion. Oh, those wretched times! how it makes me shudder to revive the recollection of them. I must te brief, my dear, for it is not pleasant to dwell on this painful subject. Duncan, as you are aware, was serving on the staff of his kinsman, the Duke of Argyle. He had learned that your brother, whom he loved dearly, had, in a freak of madness, left Oxford and enlisted with the Chevalier's party at Derby; and all the time the battle was going on at Culloden he was look ing everywhere for the miserable boy to take him prisoner, believing that with Argyle's influence there would be no difficulty in getting a pardon for him. It was not until the battle was over, and the poor WOODBOUBH& 5 misguided rebels Avere flying in every direction, that he came upon the object of his search. A little band of the bravest of Charles Edwards' fol lowers, seeing the day was lost, had made a gal lant stand in order to enable their leader to make good his escape; with them was your brother. Hist hat was gone, and a stream of blood was pouring from a ghastly wound on his head, and he fought as one fights who courts death on the field, of battle. Brave boy, alas! alas! that he should have been reserved for such a fate," Aunt Leslie paused to wipe the gathering moisture from her eyes, while her niece, with a convulsive sob, buried her face in her hands, as seeking to shut out the horrible saene. "Duncan," resumed the old lady, "as soon as he saw his cousin, pressed eagerly towards him through the thickest of the fray. Presently, he beheld him suddenly reel in his saddle and fall to the ground ; at the same instant he himself was struck in the breast by the fatal bullet and borne away lifeless, as was thought, from the field, "When, he returned to consciousness he found himself lying upon a pallet of straw in a farm house close to the battle-ground, and in the first words that he spoke he begged them to go and search for your brother, describing as well as he could the spot where he had seen him fall. His entreaties were promptly obeyed. A diligent search was made for the body; it was not found. Still Duncan was not satisfied. Next day, at his request, a squad of men were detailed by the Duke's order to prosecute the unavailing search, and when the officer in charge of them, who was selected by Duncan himself, i* G TVOODBOURNE. reported another failure, the poor lad at last despaired of ever finding his unfortunate kinsman's remains. His own wound was mortal; he was taken home, where he lived only a short month more. In his dying hour his mind wandered back to the terrible battlefield, and Henry's name was the last word his lips were heard to speak. And now, Ellen, since all efforts to find your brother have been in vain, we are forced to conclude, after list ening to this circumstantial narration, that he was numbered among the dead on that woful day at Culloden Muir. Tell me, my love, what did John say when h3 heard your tragical story?" A sudden glow, rivalling the tints of the sky she had been looking upon, mantled the beautiful face of the young lady, and her tearful eye shone with a brightness which was akin to rapture. " Oh, aunt ! " she exclaimed, " I imagined before that I loved and respected him with my whole heart, but I never dreamed of falling at his feet and worshipping him until that moment. When I saw him looking at me with such an expression of love and sympathy and tender compassion, no words can portray. I could not help crying as though my heart was breaking, while all the time it Avas running over with joy and gratitude. It was very weak and foolish, but he knew the cause so noble and good, so gentle and considerate. Then we quietly talked it all over again, and agreed that it was best for the happiness of others that it should remain forever a sealed chapter in the book of our wedded lives." "I am truly rejoiced to hear yon speak of John WOODBOURNE. 7 in that way, my dear child," replied Mrs. Leslie; " he was always a great favorite with me from a boy. You were rather slow to consult me, but he is the man of all others I would have picked out for your husband. Yet I am sadly loth to give you up, for I know I shall never see you again in this world, you will be so far away. How many miles did John say it was to Virginia?" " He said thousands, aunt, I do not remember how many; but I feel as though I were really going to live in a world which had nothing in common with this. It grieves me sorely to think of having to part with you, my dearest aunt you, who are the sole remaining tie which binds me to my native land. You must not then believe I am cold and unfeeling because I long to be quickly transported to those scenes I have never yet beheld, where lies my future home, together with all my hopes of peace and happiness on this earth. My mind is so constantly employed with contemplating the new career which opens before me, that I feel inspired with energies and aspirations and desires of which I have hitherto been unconscious. It is good to know that I was not made to mope and pine in indolent apathy and corroding sorrow. There is the germ of real, earnest, strong and courageous stuff in my nature my birthright and only inher itance, which, when transplanted to a more generous soil, and fostered with loving care, will one day burst into the full flower of domestic usefulness. Hence, it is natural that I should hail with exceeding joy the approach of the time appointed for me to assume the dignity and responsibility of wifehood, and strive 8 WOODBOUltNE. to become as one whose 'husband is known in the gates where he sitteth among the rulers of the land.' For all that, dearest aunt, my heart is none the less warm for you and yours, and whatever he may say, I am sure there is no place in America can compare in beauty with this lovely spot." As she spoke a bird flew down from a neigh boring tree, and alighting on a spray of woodbine close by the window, carolled forth a single note of enchanting sweetness. In a moment it was gone. It had come to say good-bye to the pretty lady, and to give her that little gem of song for a keepsake. "Nor any music like the song of the mavis, my dear," said Aunt Leslie. "Do you believe John's 1 wonderful tales of the mocking birds in Virginia! But of course you do, and all he says about tha beautiful flowers growing wild in the woods. Speak ing of them, the woods, you must promise me, Ellen, not to venture to go into them unless John goes with you. It was only the other day that I heard our neighbor Smollett telling of a little girl, the daughter of a friend who was living in Vir ginia somewhere or Jamaica, I am not certain which, but it is all one, who had gone out to hunt for flowers in the forest, and " "Was murdered and scalped by the hideous sav ages ! " cried the young lady in a voice of affected horror. "Not so terrible as that." " Bitten by one of those frightful rattlesnakes ! " "Not so, either; don't interrupt me, child. As I was saying, the girl was lost in the woods, WOODBOUKNE. 9 and when they found her, after looking ever so many hours, she was fast asleep under a huge tree, and her clothes were literally torn to tatters." The effect of this fearful climacteric showed that the young lady was not wanting in a keen per ception of the ludicrous. " Why, aunt," she exclaimed, with a ringing laugh, which chased away the shadow from her pensive brow, "I was on the tenter-hooks for some awful catastrophe, and lo! and behold, it is only a story of one poor babe in the woods with the dear lit tle redbreasts left out. Do not be uneasy on my account; the flowers may